ൕോᤨ㑆ߦኻߔࠆⵙ㊂ᮭߩ 1 ᐕᓟߩᄌൻ߆ࠄߺߚഭ௛⠪ߩ∋ഭߣ⌧⌁ߩቴⷰ⹏ଔਭ ଻ ᥓ ⧷*1 㜞 ᯅ ᱜ ਽*1 ഏ  ᰵ ᰵ*2 ᧲ ㇹ ผ ᴦ*3↰ ਛ స ବ*4 ፉ ᵤ ᣿ ੱ*5 ਭ ଻ ༀ ሶ*6㎨ ↰ ⋥ ᮸*7 ਄ ᧖ ᷕ ሶ*8ᧄ⎇ⓥߢߪ㧘௛ߊᤨ㑆߿ભߺᣇߦኻߒߡഭ௛⠪⥄り߇ߤߩ⒟ᐲ᳿ቯߢ߈ࠆ߆ߩ‫ޟ‬ൕോᤨ㑆ߩⵙ㊂ᮭ‫ ߩޠ‬1 ᐕᓟߩᄌൻߣ㧘ഭ௛⠪ߩ∋ഭߣ⌧⌁ߩ㑐ㅪᕈࠍᬌ⸛ߔࠆߚ߼ߦ 1 ᐕ㑆ߩ❑ᢿ⺞ᩏࠍታᣉߒߚ㧚వⴕ⎇ⓥߩᄙߊ߇ࠕࡦ
ࠤ࡯࠻⺞ᩏߦၮߠߊਥⷰ⹏ଔߦࠃࠆ⍮⷗ߢ޽ࠆߩߦኻߒߡ㧘ᧄ⎇ⓥߢߪ∋ഭߣ⌧⌁ߩቴⷰ⹏ଔࠍ⹜ߺߚ㧚ߘߩ㓙㧘ਥⷰ⊛ߥ⸷߃ߢߪߥߊઁⷡ⊛ߦ∋ഭߣ⌧⌁ࠍߣࠄ߃ࠆߚ߼㧘ೝỗߦኻߔࠆ෻ᔕᤨ㑆ߩㆃࠇ߆ࠄ∋ഭࠍߣࠄ߃ࠆ෻ᔕᤨ㑆ߣ㧘⣨ᤨ⸘ဳ⌧⌁⸘ߦࠃࠆᵴേ㊂ߩࡄ࠲࡯ࡦ߆ࠄផቯߐࠇࠆ⌧⌁ࠍ᷹ቯᜰᮡߣߒߡ↪޿ߚ㧚37 ฬߩഭ௛⠪㧔ᐔဋᐕ㦂rᮡḰ஍Ꮕ㧧41.9r12.8 ᱦ㧘߁ߜ 9 ฬ߇ᅚᕈ㧕ࠍኻ⽎ߦ㧘ൕോᤨ㑆ߩⵙ㊂ᮭ߇ೋ࿁⺞ᩏߦᲧߴߡჇടߒߚ⟲㧘ૐਅߒߚ⟲㧘ᄌࠊࠄߥ߆ߞߚ⟲ߩ 3 ⟲ߦಽߌߡ㧘∋ഭߣ⌧⌁ߩᜰᮡࠍᲧセ࡮ᬌ⸛ߒߚ㧚⚿ᨐ㧘෻ᔕᤨ㑆ᬌᩏߢߪ 1 ᐕᓟߩჇട⟲ߪઁ⟲ߦᲧߒߡ⛔⸘⊛ߦ⦟ᅢߥ⚿ᨐ߇ⷰኤߐࠇߚ㧚ߒ߆ߒ㧘⌧⌁ߩ⾰ߩᜰᮡߢ޽ࠆ⌧⌁ല₸ߢߪ 3 ⟲㑆ߦ⛔⸘⊛ߥᏅߪ␜ߐࠇߥ߆ߞߚ㧚ᧄ⎇ⓥߦࠃࠅ㧘ൕോᤨ㑆ߩⵙ㊂ᮭߩჇടߪ㧘ਛ㐳ᦼ⊛ߦߺߡ∋ഭߩૐᷫߣ⚿߮ߟߊน⢻ᕈ߇␜ໂߐࠇߚ㧚ࠠ࡯ࡢ࡯࠼ ෻ᔕᤨ㑆ᬌᩏ㧘⣨ᤨ⸘ဳ⌧⌁⸘㧘∋ഭ㧘⌧⌁㧘ቴⷰ⹏ଔ㧘❑ᢿ⺞ᩏ㧚

1 ߪߓ߼ߦߩ∋ഭߣ⌧⌁ࠍ⹏ଔߢ߈ࠆ࠷࡯࡞ߣߒߡ⋧ᔕߒ޿ߣ⠨߃௛ߊᤨ㑆߿ભᣣ߿ભᕷߥߤߦኻߔࠆഭ௛⠪⥄りߩⵙ㊂ࠄࠇߚߩߢ㧘ߎࠇࠄߩᜰᮡࠍᧄ⎇ⓥߢߪ∋ഭߣ⌧⌁ߩቴߣഭ௛⠪ߩஜᐽߣߩ㑆ߦߪ㑐ㅪᕈ߇޽ࠆߣߒߡ㧘ㄭᐕ㧘ⷰᜰᮡߣߒߡ↪޿ߚ㧚
2 ᣇᴺ᰷Ꮊࠍਛᔃߣߒߡᵈ⋡߇㓸߹ߞߡ޿ࠆ 1-6)㧚ߎࠇ߹ߢ߽઀੐ߩⵙ㊂ᮭߪࠬ࠻࡟ࠬૐᷫߦലᨐ⊛ߢ޽ࠆߣ޿߁⍮⷗ 7)1) ⺞ᩏෳട⠪߽ᢔ⷗ߐࠇߡߪ޿ߚ߇㧘਄ㅀߩⵙ㊂ᮭߪ‫ޟ‬ൕോᤨ㑆ߩⵙ

39 ฬߩഭ௛⠪߇ᧄ⎇ⓥߦෳടߒߚ㧔ᐔဋᐕ㦂rᮡḰ஍

㊂ᮭ㧔Worktime control, WTC㧕‫ߣޠ‬๭߫ࠇ㧘઀੐৻⥸ߢᏅ㧧41.7r12.9 ᱦ㧘߁ߜ 9 ฬ߇ᅚᕈ㧕㧚ߒ߆ߒ㧘઀੐ߩߪߥߊ㧘ൕോᤨ㑆ߦ․ൻߐࠇߚ߽ߩߢ޽ࠆ㧚ᦨㄭߩ⎇ⓥ

ㇺวߦࠃࠅ⺞ᩏߦㅜਛߢෳടߢ߈ߥߊߥߞߚ⠪ 1 ฬߣࠃࠅ㧘WTC ߇㜞޿႐ว㧘ஜᐽ⁁ᘒ㧘∛ᰳ㧘⌧⌁ߩ⾰㧘WTC ዤᐲߩࠬࠦࠕ߇ᰳ៊ߒߡ߅ࠅࠞ࠹ࠧ࡝࡯ಽߌ߇ਇ∋ഭ࿁ᓳ㧘߁ߟ⁁ᘒ㧘╭㛽ᩰ♽ߩ㓚ኂߦࠃࠆᣧᦼߩㅌ⡯น⢻ߢ޽ߞߚ⠪ 1 ฬߩ࠺࡯࠲ࠍ㒰߈‫ ߦ⊛⚳ᦨޔ‬37 ฬߩߥߤߦࡐࠫ࠹ࠖࡉߥലᨐࠍ᦭ߒߡ޿ࠆߎߣ߇␜ໂߐࠇߡ

࠺࡯࠲ࠍ⸃ᨆኻ⽎ߣߒߚ㧔ᐔဋᐕ㦂rᮡḰ஍Ꮕ㧧41.9r

޿ࠆ 4,5,8-10)㧚

12.8 ᱦ㧘ߘߩౝ 9 ฬ߇ᅚᕈ㧕㧚ߘߩਛߢ 32 ฬ߇⵾ㅧᬺ㧔ߘߒ߆ߒߥ߇ࠄ㧘ߎࠇ߹ߢߩ WTC ߦ㑐ߔࠆ⎇ⓥߩᄙߊ

ߩౝ 8 ฬ߇ᅚᕈ㧕㧘5 ฬߪ⎇ⓥᚲ㧔ߘߩౝ 1 ฬ߇ᅚᕈ㧕ߢߪᮮᢿ⺞ᩏߣࠕࡦࠤ࡯࠻⺞ᩏߦၮߠߊ߽ߩߢ㧘ቴⷰᜰᮡ௛ߊഭ௛⠪ߢ޽ߞߚ㧚ߥ߅㧘ᧄ⺞ᩏߪഭ௛቟ోⴡ↢✚วߦࠃࠆ⹏ଔࠍ↪޿ߡ WTC ߣߩ㑐ㅪᕈࠍᬌ⸛ߒߚ⍮⷗ߪ㧘⎇ⓥᚲߩ୶ℂክᩏᆔຬળߩੌᛚࠍᓧߡⴕߞߚ㧚⪺⠪ࠄ߇⍮ࠆ㒢ࠅ㧘㕖Ᏹߦᢙዋߥ޿ߩ߇⃻⁁ߢ޽ࠆ㧚ߘߎߢᧄ⎇ⓥߢߪ 1 ᐕ㑆ߩㅊ〔⺞ᩏࠍ⹜ߺࠆߎߣߢ㧘WTCߩჇട޽ࠆ޿ߪૐਅ߇ഭ௛⠪ߩ∋ഭߣ⌧⌁ߦߤߩࠃ߁ߥ
ᓇ㗀ࠍ෸߷ߔߩ߆ߦߟ޿ߡቴⷰᜰᮡࠍ↪޿ߡᬌ⸛ߔࠆߎ
ߣࠍ⋡⊛ߣߒߚ㧚 ߘߩ㓙㧘෻ᔕᤨ㑆ߩㆃࠇ߆ࠄ∋ഭࠍߣࠄ߃ࠆ෻ᔕᤨ㑆ᬌᩏߣ㧘⣨ᤨ⸘ဳ⌧⌁⸘ࠍ↪޿ߚ⌧⌁ߩ
᷹ቯᣇᴺ߇㧘ഭ௛⃻႐ߦ߅޿ߡઁⷡ⊛߆ߟ◲ଢߦഭ௛⠪*1 ഭ௛቟ోⴡ↢✚ว⎇ⓥᚲ૞ᬺ᧦ઙㆡᔕ⎇ⓥࠣ࡞࡯ࡊ
*2 ഭ௛቟ోⴡ↢✚ว⎇ⓥᚲ᦭ኂᕈ⹏ଔ⎇ⓥࠣ࡞࡯ࡊ
*3 ᧲੩ᄢቇᄢቇ㒮ᢎ⢒ቇ⎇ⓥ⑼*4 ർ㉿ᄢቇᄢቇ㒮ක≮♽⎇ⓥ⑼*5 ᧲੩ᄢቇᄢቇ㒮කቇ♽⎇ⓥ⑼*6 ᧲੩ᘏᕺળක⑼ᄢቇ⋴⼔ቇ⑼*7 ␹ᚭ⵾㍑ᚲ ṁធ੐ᬺㇱ㐷 ⮮ᴛ੐ᬺᚲ࿑  286 ᬌᩏߩታᣉ㘑᥊

*8 ℂൻቇ⎇ⓥᚲ ᮮᵿ⎇ⓥᚲ

－ 137 －労働安全衛生総合研究所特別研究報告 JNIOSH-SRR-NO.43(2013）
㧔MicroMini-Motionlogger® Actigraph, A.M.I ␠, New2) ⺞ᩏ㗄⋡(1) ൕോᤨ㑆ߩⵙ㊂ᮭߩዤᐲYork, USA㧕ࠍ↪޿ߚ㧚ߎߩ⌧⌁⸘ߪ X ゲ㧘Y ゲ㧘Z ゲ

WTC ዤᐲߪ㧘1)1 ᣣߩഭ௛ᤨ㑆ߩ㐳ߐ㧘2)ᆎᬺ߿⚳ᬺ

ߩ 3 ゲߩടㅦᐲ⸘߆ࠄᵴേ㊂ࠍផቯߒ㧘⌧⌁ߣⷡ㉕ߩࡄߩᤨೞ㧘3)ൕോਛߦભᙑࠍߣࠆߎߣ㧘4)㐳ᦼભᥜ߿᦭⛎

࠲࡯ࡦ߆ࠄ⌧⌁ࠍ⹏ଔߔࠆ࠷࡯࡞ߢ޽ࠆ㧚ᬌᩏࠍฃߌࠆભᥜߩࠬࠤࠫࡘ࡯࡞ࠍ┙ߡࠆߎߣ㧘5)੺⼔߿⢒ఽߥߤߦ⠪ߦߪㅢᏱߩ⣨ᤨ⸘ߣห᭽ߦ㧘⣨ߦⵝ⌕ߒ⛯ߌࠆߎߣߛ

ࠃࠅભᬺߔࠆߎߣߩ 5 ߟߩ⾰໧㗄⋡߆ࠄ᭴ᚑߐࠇࠆዤᐲߌ߇᳞߼ࠄࠇࠆߩߢ㧘㐳ᦼ㑆㧘◲ଢߦ⌧⌁߇᷹ቯߢ߈ࠆߢ޽ࠆ 4)㧚࿁╵⠪ߪ㧘ߘࠇࠄߩ⾰໧ߦߟ޿ߡ㧘ߤߩ⒟ᐲ㧘᷹ቯ࠷࡯࡞ߢ޽ࠆ㧚߹ߚ㧘⌧⌁⣖ᵄࠍ᷹ቯߒߚ႐วߣห࿁╵⠪⥄り߇᳿߼ࠄࠇࠆߣᗵߓߡ޿ࠆ߆ࠍ‫ޟ‬1.߶ߣࠎߤ⒟ᐲߩ♖ᐲߢ㧘⌧⌁ᜰᮡߩ৻ㇱ߇⹏ଔߢ߈ࠆߚ߼ 12)㧘ࠕߢ߈ߥ޿‫ޟࠄ߆ޠ‬5.㕖Ᏹߦߢ߈ࠆ‫ ߩޠ‬5 Ბ㓏ߢ⹏ଔߔࠆࡦࠤ࡯࠻⺞ᩏߦࠃࠆ⥄Ꮖႎ๔ߦၮߠ޿ߚ⌧⌁⹏ଔࠍⴕ߁ߎߣ߇᳞߼ࠄࠇࠆ㧚ో 5 㗄⋡ߩว⸘୯ࠍ WTC ࠬࠦࠕߣࠃࠅ߽㧘ഭ௛⃻႐ߢቴⷰ⊛ߦ⌧⌁ࠍ᷹ቯߔࠆߚ߼ߦߪ᦭ߒߡ▚಴ߒߚ㧚↪ߢ޽ࠆ㧚᷹ቯᜰᮡߣߒߡߪ㧘⌧⌁ᤨ㑆ߣ⌧⌁ല₸㧘ዞ(2) ෻ᔕᤨ㑆ᬌᩏᐥᤨೞ㧘⿠ᐥᤨೞߢ޽ߞߚ㧚ߥ߅㧘⌧⌁ല₸ߣߪ㧘ᶖἮ∋ഭߩቴⷰ⹏ଔߣߒߡ෻ᔕᤨ㑆ᬌᩏ㧔Psychomotor߆ࠄ⿠ᐥ߹ߢߩࡌ࠶࠼ߦ౉ߞߡ޿ࠆᤨ㑆ࠍಽᲣߣߒߡ㧘

Vigilance Task㧧PVT -192, A.M.I ␠, New York, USA㧕ߘࠇࠍታ㓙ߦ⌁ߞߡ޿ߚᤨ㑆ߢഀߞߚ୯ߢ޽ࠅ㧘⌁ࠅߩࠍ↪޿ߚ㧔࿑ 1㧕㧚ᬌᩏᯏེߩ⴫㕙ߩ਄ㇱ࠺ࠖࠬࡊ࡟ࠗߦ

⦟ߐࠍ␜ߔᜰᮡߩ㧝ߟߣߒߡ↪޿ࠄࠇߡ޿ࠆ㧚

4 ᩴߩ࠺ࠫ࠲࡞ࠞ࠙ࡦ࠲࡯߇⸳⟎ߐࠇߡ߅ࠅ㧘2 ⑽߆ࠄ

3) ⺞ᩏᚻ⛯߈

10 ⑽ߩ࡜ࡦ࠳ࡓߥ㑆㓒ߢ࠺ࠫ࠲࡞ࠞ࠙ࡦ࠲࡯߇േ߈಴

࿑ 2 ߦ⺞ᩏࠬࠤࠫࡘ࡯࡞ࠍ␜ߒߚ㧚ᧄ⺞ᩏߪ 1 ᐕ㑆ߩߔߩߢ㧘ߢ߈ࠆߛߌᣧߊᱜ⏕ߦᚻరߩࡏ࠲ࡦࠍ᛼ߒߡࠞ

ㅊ〔⺞ᩏߢ㧘ห৻ෳട⠪ߦߟ޿ߡೋ࿁ߩࡌ࡯ࠬ࡜ࠗࡦ㧘࠙ࡦ࠲࡯ߩേ߈ࠍᱛ߼ࠆߎߣ߇ᬌᩏࠍฃߌࠆ⠪ߦ᳞߼ࠄඨᐕᓟ㧘1 ᐕᓟߩ 3 ࿁ߩ᷹ቯࠍ➅ࠅ㄰ߒታᣉߒߚ㧚1 ࿁ࠇࠆ㧚᷹ቯᤨ㑆ߪ 1 ࿁ߦߟ߈ 10 ಽ㑆ߢ޽ߞߚ㧚᷹ቯਛߩ⺞ᩏߦߟ߈⺞ᩏᦼ㑆ߪ 2 ㅳ㑆ߢ޽ߞߚ㧚ߘߩ㑆㧘PVTߪ㧘ࠞ࠙ࡦ࠲࡯߇޿ߟേ߈಴ߔ߆ಽ߆ࠄߥ޿ߚ߼㧘ᬌᩏᬌᩏࠍㅳ೨ඨ 1 ࿁ߣᓟඨ 1 ࿁ࠍ 2 ㅳ㑆ߦࠊߚߞߡታᣉߒ

ࠍฃߌࠆ⠪ߪᏱߦࠞ࠙ࡦ࠲࡯ࠍ⋙ⷞߒߡ޿ߥߌࠇ߫ߥࠄ

ߚ㧔⸘ 4 ࿁ߩ᷹ቯ㧕㧚ㅳ೨ඨߪ᦬ᦐᣣ޽ࠆ޿ߪἫᦐᣣ㧘ߕ㧘ᜬ⛯⊛ߥᵈᗧࠍⷐߔࠆ⁁ᴫߣߥࠆ㧚ߎߩ PVT ᬌᩏㅳᓟඨߪᧁᦐᣣ޽ࠆ޿ߪ㊄ᦐᣣߩ᷹ቯᣣߣߒߚ㧚ߎߩࠃߪ࿖ౝᄖߩ∋ഭ߿⌧⌁ߩ⎇ⓥߦ߅޿ߡᐢߊ↪޿ࠄࠇߡ޿

߁ߥᚻ⛯߈ࠍߣߞߚℂ↱ߪ㧘ㅳᧃભߺ߇᣿ߌߚ⋥ᓟߩㅳࠆᬌᩏߩ㧝ߟߢ޽ࠆ㧚߹ߚ㧘⣖ᯏ⢻ߣߩ㑐ㅪᕈ߽ᬌ⸽ߐ೨ඨߣ㧘ભߺ߆ࠄᢙᣣᓟߩㅳᓟඨߢߩ PVT ᬌᩏߩᚑ❣

ࠇߡ޿ࠆߎߣ 11)߿㧘ഭ௛⃻႐߳ߩᜬㆇ߮߇ኈᤃߢ◲ଢߦߦ㆑޿߇޽ࠆ߆߽ߒࠇߥ޿ߣ⠨߃ߚߚ߼ߢ޽ࠆ㧚᷹ቯߩ᷹ቯน⢻ߢ޽ࠆߣ޿߁ℂ↱߆ࠄ㧘ᧄ⎇ⓥߦ߅޿ߡ∋ഭߩᤨ㑆Ꮺߪඦ೨ 11 ᤨ߆ࠄඦᓟ 1 ᤨߩ㑆ߢෳട⠪ߩㇺวߩቴⷰ⹏ଔࠍⴕ߁ߚ߼ߩᦨㆡߥ࠷࡯࡞ߣߒߡᧄᬌᩏࠍណ↪

⦟޿ߣ߈ߦ㧘⡯႐ౝߩᬌᩏળ႐ߦ᧪ࠆࠃ߁ߦવ߃ߚ㧚⣨ߒߚ㧚ߥ߅㧘10 ಽ㑆ߩᐔဋ෻ᔕᤨ㑆ߣ 0.5 ⑽એ਄⚻ㆊߒᤨ⸘ဳ⌧⌁⸘ߪ 2 ㅳ㑆ߩ⺞ᩏᦼ㑆ਛ㧘⌧⌁ࠍߣࠆ೨ߦ೑ߡ߆ࠄ෻ᔕߒߚㆃᑧ෻ᔕߩ࿁ᢙࠍ᷹ቯᜰᮡߣߒߡ↪޿ߚ㧚߈⣨ߢߪߥ޿ᣇߦⵝ⌕ߒߡ⌁ࠆࠃ߁ߦᢎ␜ߒߚ㧚4) ࠺࡯࠲ߩಽᨆ߅ࠃ߮⛔⸘ᬌቯ(3) ⣨ᤨ⸘ဳ⌧⌁⸘ೋ࿁⺞ᩏᤨߩ WTC ࠬࠦࠕߦᲧߴߡ㧝ᐕᓟߩ⺞ᩏᤨߦ⌧⌁ߩቴⷰ⹏ଔߣߒߡ⣨ᤨ⸘ဳߩ⌧⌁⸘ᡵЭҞ

ᡵࢸҞ

ᡵЭҞ

ᡵࢸҞӒࣖ଺᧓౨௹

ҜЭᵏᵏ଺ẦỤҜࢸᵏ଺ỉ᧓Ệย‫ܭ‬உ୴ᵍ້୴ ங୴ᵍ᣿୴ᵐᡵ᧓ỉᡲዓย‫ܭ‬ᏹ଺ᚘ‫׹‬ზ჈ᚘᵐᡵ᧓ἫὊἋἻỶὅҞ࠰ࢸ࿑㧞 ⺞ᩏࠬࠤࠫࡘ࡯࡞

－ 138 －

ᾀ࠰ࢸ

勤務時間に対する裁量権の 1 年後の変化からみた労働者の疲労と睡眠の客観評価࿑㧟 ൕോᤨ㑆ߩⵙ㊂ᮭߩ  ᐕᓟߩᄌൻ߆ࠄߺߚ෻ᔕᤨ㑆ᬌᩏߩ⚿ᨐ⴫㧝 ൕോᤨ㑆ߩⵙ㊂ᮭߩ  ᐕᓟߩᄌൻ߆ࠄߺߚ⣨ᤨ⸘ဳ⌧⌁ߩ⚿ᨐზ჈଺᧓ᲢJTᲣ
96%‫ف‬ь፭
96%˯ɦ፭
96%ɧ‫٭‬፭ზ჈јྙᲢᲣ96%‫ف‬ь፭
96%˯ɦ፭
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96%ɧ‫٭‬፭И‫ׅ‬࠯‫ ͌ר‬೅แᛚࠀҞ࠰ࢸ࠯‫ ͌ר‬೅แᛚࠀ࠰ࢸ࠯‫ ͌ר‬೅แᛚࠀ

96%፭
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ᛦ௹଺஖
(͌R͌

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(͌R͌ƸRǛᅆƢ

WTC ࠬࠦࠕ߇Ⴧടߒߚ⠪㧔WTC Ⴧട⟲㧧13 ฬ㨇ᐔဋ↪޿ߡ⛔⸘ᬌቯࠍⴕߞߚ㧚⌧⌁࠺࡯࠲ߪ㧘1 ࿁ߩ⺞ᩏߦᐕ㦂rᮡḰ஍Ꮕ㧧47.5r12.6 ᱦ㧘߁ߜ 4 ฬ߇ᅚᕈ㨉㧕㧘ૐ

ߟ߈ 2 ㅳ㑆ߩ᷹ቯ࠺࡯࠲߇ᓧࠄࠇࠆ߇㧘2 ㅳ㑆ߩᐔဋ୯ਅߒߚ⠪㧔WTC ૐਅ⟲㧧18 ฬ㨇ᐔဋᐕ㦂rᮡḰ஍Ꮕ㧧ࠍઍ⴫୯ߣߒߡಽᨆࠍⴕߞߚ㧚WTC ⟲ߣ⺞ᩏᦼ㑆ߩ 240.0r11.7 ᱦ㧘߁ߜ 4 ฬ߇ᅚᕈ㨉㧕㧘ᄌൻߥ߆ߞߚ⠪㧔WTC

ⷐ࿃ߩ✢ᒻᷙวࡕ࠺࡞ಽᢔಽᨆࠍ↪޿ߚ㧚ਇᄌ⟲㧧6 ฬ㨇ᐔဋᐕ㦂rᮡḰ஍Ꮕ㧧39.6r14.1 ᱦ㧘߁
3 ⚿ᨐߜ 1 ฬ߇ᅚᕈ㨉㧕ߩ 3 ⟲ߦಽߌߡ㧘෻ᔕᤨ㑆ᬌᩏߣ⌧⌁1) ∋ഭߩቴⷰ⹏ଔ

⸘ߩ࠺࡯࠲ࠍ⸃ᨆߒߚ㧚෻ᔕᤨ㑆ᬌᩏߩ࠺࡯࠲ߪ 1 ࿁ߩ⺞ᩏߦߟ߈ 4 ࿁ߩ᷹ቯ

࿑ 3 ߦ WTC ߩ 1 ᐕᓟߩᄌൻ߆ࠄߺߚ෻ᔕᤨ㑆ᬌᩏߩ࠺࡯࠲ߣߥࠆ߇㧘᷹ቯ୯߇ᒰᣣߩਇ⏕ቯⷐ࿃㧘ߚߣ߃߫㧘ᐔဋ෻ᔕㅦᐲߣᐔဋㆃᑧ෻ᔕ࿁ᢙࠍ␜ߒߚ㧚෻ᔕㅦᐲߣ઀੐ߩᔔߒߐ߿ෳട⠪ߩ૕⺞ߦࠃߞߡᓇ㗀ߐࠇࠆน⢻ᕈㆃᑧ෻ᔕߣ߽ߦ㧘ࡌ࡯ࠬ࡜ࠗࡦߦᲧߒߡ WTC ૐਅ⟲ߢ߽⠨ᘦߒ㧘᷹ቯ୯ߩା㗬ᕈࠍ㜞߼ࠆߚ߼ߦ㧘ㅳ೨ඨߩ 2ߪ㧘1 ᐕᓟ㧘෻ᔕㅦᐲ߇ㆃߊߥࠅ㧘ㆃᑧ෻ᔕ߇Ⴧടߔࠆߟ㧘ㅳᓟඨߩ 2 ߟߩ࠺࡯࠲ߦߟ޿ߡ㧘ߘࠇߙࠇߩᐔဋ୯

௑ะ߇⷗ࠄࠇߚ㧚৻ᣇ㧘WTC Ⴧട⟲ߢߪ㧘෻ኻߦ 1 ᐕࠍ▚಴ߒߡઍ⴫୯ߣߒߚ㧚ߘߒߡ㧘WTC ⟲㧔Ⴧട㧘ૐᓟ㧘ᚑ❣߇ᡷༀߐࠇࠆ௑ะ߇␜ߐࠇߡ޿ߚ㧚߹ߚ㧘WTCਅ㧘ਇᄌ㧕㧘⺞ᩏᣣ㧔ㅳ೨ඨ㧘ㅳᓟඨ㧕⺞ᩏᤨᦼ㧔ೋ࿁㧘ਇᄌ⟲ߦ߅޿ߡ߽㧘ห᭽ߩᡷༀ௑ะ߇⹺߼ࠄࠇߚ߇㧘ਅඨᐕᓟ㧘1 ᐕᓟ㧕ߩ 3 ⷐ࿃ߩ✢ᒻᷙวࡕ࠺࡞ಽᢔಽᨆࠍ

૏ᬌቯࠍⴕߞߚ⚿ᨐ㧘᦭ᗧᏅߥ޿ߒ᦭ᗧߥ௑ะ

－ 139 －

労働安全衛生総合研究所特別研究報告 JNIOSH-SRR-NO.43(2013）
㧔p=0.071㧕߇␜ߐࠇߚߩߪ 1 ᐕᓟߩㅳᓟඨߦ߅ߌࠆൕോᤨ㑆ߩⵙ㊂ᮭߩჇടߣൕോਛߩቴⷰ⊛ߥ∋ഭߩૐᷫ

WTC ૐਅ⟲ߣჇട⟲ߩ㑆ߛߌߢ㧘WTC ૐਅ⟲ߣਇᄌ⟲ߩ㑆ߦߪઁߩⷐ࿃߇੺࿷ߒߡ޿ߚߎߣ߇␜ໂߐࠇࠆ㧚ᗐߩ㑆ߦߪ᦭ᗧᏅߪᬌ಴ߐࠇߥ߆ߞߚ㧚ቯߐࠇࠆ੺࿷ⷐ࿃ߩ㧝ߟߣߒߡൕോᓟ߿ભᣣߩㆊߏߒᣇ2) ⌧⌁ߩቴⷰ⹏ଔ

ߩᓇ㗀߇⠨߃ࠄࠇߚ㧚ㄭᐕ㧘ഭ௛⠪ߩ∋ഭ߿ࠬ࠻࡟ࠬߩ

⴫ 1 ߦ WTC ߩ 1 ᐕᓟߩᄌൻ߆ࠄߺߚ⌧⌁࠺࡯࠲ࠍ␜

࿁ᓳߦߪ㧘ൕോᄖߩᤨ㑆ߢ઀੐߆ࠄᔃℂ⊛ߦ㔌ࠇࠆߎߣ㧘

ߒߚ㧚WTC ߩ⟲㑆ߢ⛔⸘⊛ߦᏅ߇⷗ࠄࠇߚᜰᮡߪߥ߆

ᔃℂ⊛〒㔌㧔psychological detachment from work㧕ߣߞߚ㧚߹ߚ㧘⺞ᩏᤨᦼߦ㑐ߒߡߪ㧘⌧⌁ᤨ㑆ߣ⿠ᐥᤨೞ

޿߁᭎ᔨ߇㊀ⷐߢ޽ࠆߣߒߡᵈ⋡ࠍ㓸߼ߡ޿ࠆ 14)㧚ᧄ⎇ߦ⛔⸘⊛ߥᏅ߇ᬌ಴ߐࠇ㧔ߘࠇߙࠇ㧘p=0.05 ߣ p=0.02㧕
㧘ⓥߢߪ㧘ൕോᓟߩㆊߏߒᣇߦߟ޿ߡߪ⹦⚦ߦ᷹ቯߒߡ޿⌧⌁ᤨ㑆ߪᓢ‫ߦޘ‬Ⴧ߃ߡ޿ߊ௑ะ㧘⿠ᐥᤨೞߪᓢ‫ߦޘ‬ᣧߥ޿ߩߢ᣿⏕ߥ⸒෸ߪߢ߈ߥ޿߇㧘ൕോᤨ㑆ߩⵙ㊂ᮭ߇ߊߥࠆ௑ะࠍ␜ߒߡ޿ߚ㧚ߔߴߡߩᜰᮡߢ WTC ⟲ߣ⺞Ⴧടߒߚߎߣߢలታߒߚࠝࡈ߇߽ߚࠄߐࠇ㧘ߘߩ႐วߩᩏᤨᦼߩ੤੕૞↪ߦߟ޿ߡߪ⛔⸘⊛ߥ᦭ᗧᕈߪ␜ߐࠇߥ⌧⌁ߩ⾰ߪ⦟ᅢߦߥࠆߣ޿߁઒⺑߇⠨߃ࠄࠇࠆ㧚߽߁㧝߆ߞߚ㧚ߟߩ੺࿷ⷐ࿃ߣߒߡߪㆊᐲߦ㜞޿ൕോᤨ㑆ߩⵙ㊂ᮭߦࠃ4 ⠨ኤࠆਇⷙೣߥൕോߩᓇ㗀߇⠨߃ࠄࠇߚ㧚ߟ߹ࠅ㧘Ⴧടߒߚᧄ⎇ⓥߩਥߥ⍮⷗ߪ㧘ࡌ࡯ࠬ࡜ࠗࡦᤨߣ 1 ᐕᓟߩൕോൕോᤨ㑆ߩⵙ㊂ᮭߦࠃߞߡ㧘߆߃ߞߡਇⷙೣߥ௛߈ᣇߦ

ᤨ㑆ߩⵙ㊂ᮭࠬࠦࠕࠍᲧセߒߡ㧘1 ᐕᓟߦൕോᤨ㑆ߩⵙߥߞߡߒ߹ߞߚ႐ว 13)ߦߪࠝࡈᤨ㑆ߩ⍴❗ߦࠃߞߡ㧘ൕ㊂ᮭࠬࠦࠕ߇Ⴧടߒߚഭ௛⠪ߢߪ㧘ૐਅߒߚ⠪ߦᲧߴߡ㧘ോᤨ㑆ߩⵙ㊂ᮭჇടߩࡐࠫ࠹ࠖࡉߥᓇ㗀߇⌧⌁ߦ߽ߚࠄ∋ഭߩቴⷰᜰᮡߣߒߡ↪޿ߚ෻ᔕᤨ㑆ᬌᩏߩᚑ❣߇ᡷༀߐࠇߥ߆ߞߚߣ޿߁઒⺑߇⠨߃ࠄࠇߚ㧚ߒ߆ߒ㧘ߎࠇࠍߒߡ޿ߚߎߣߢ޽ࠆ㧚ߣࠅࠊߌ㧘∋ഭᓇ㗀߇ᄢ߈ߊߥࠆᬌ⸽ߔࠆߦߪ㧘౒ಽᢔ᭴ㅧಽᨆߥߤߩ࿃ᨐ㑐ଥࠍࡈ࡟ࠠ

ㅳᓟඨߦ߅޿ߡ WTC ߩᄌൻߦࠃࠆലᨐ߇㗼⪺ߢ޽ߞߚ㧚ࠪࡉ࡞ߦಽᨆߔࠆᚻᴺߥߤ߇᳞߼ࠄࠇࠆߩߢ㧘ߎࠇࠄߩߎߩ⚿ᨐߪ㧘⾰໧⚕ߦࠃࠆਥⷰ⺞ᩏߣ޿߁৻ቯߩ೙㒢ߪ࿑ᑼߩ࿃ᨐ㑐ଥࠍᬌ⸽ߔࠆߎߣߪ੹ᓟߩ⺖㗴ߣߥࠆ㧚޽ࠆ߽ߩߩ㧘Takahashi ࠄߩవⴕ⎇ⓥ(2012)ߢⴕࠊࠇߚ
5 ⚿⺰❑ᢿ⺞ᩏߩ⚿ᨐߣ৻⥌ߒߡ޿ࠆ 10)㧚ߘߩ⎇ⓥߢߪ㧘2382ฬߩᓥᬺຬࠍኻ⽎ߦ 1 ᐕ㑆ߩㅊ〔⺞ᩏࠍታᣉߒߡ߅ࠅ㧘ᧄ⎇ⓥߦࠃࠅ㧘௛ߊᤨ㑆߿ભߺᣇߦኻߒߡഭ௛⠪⥄りൕോᤨ㑆ߩⵙ㊂ᮭࠬࠦࠕ߇ࡌ࡯ࠬ࡜ࠗࡦ߆ࠄ 1 ᐕᓟߦ߆߇᳿߼ࠄࠇࠆⵙ㊂߇㜞ߊߥࠆߎߣߪ㧘ਛ࡮㐳ᦼ⊛ߦഭ௛ߌߡ㧘㜞ψૐ⟲㧘㜞ψ㜞⟲㧘ૐψૐ⟲㧘ૐψ㜞⟲ߩ 4 ⟲⠪ߩൕോਛߩ∋ഭシᷫߦߟߥ߇ࠆน⢻ᕈ߇␜ໂߐࠇߚ㧚ߦಽߌߡ㧘⌧⌁ߩ⾰߿ஜᐽ㑐ㅪᜰᮡࠍᬌ⸛ߒߡ޿ࠆ㧚⚿ߒ߆ߒ㧘ߘࠇ߇ߘߩ߹߹⋥ធ⊛ߦ⌧⌁ߩะ਄ߦߟߥ߇ࠆᨐ㧘ൕോᤨ㑆ߩⵙ㊂ᮭ߇ࡌ࡯ࠬ࡜ࠗࡦߢ㜞ߊ㧘߆ߟ 1 ᐕ߆ߦߟ޿ߡߪᧄ⎇ⓥߩ⚿ᨐ߆ࠄߛߌߢߪਇ᣿ߥὐ߽ᱷߞᓟߩࡈࠜࡠࠕ࠶ࡊߢ߽㜞޿⟲ߣ㧘ࡌ࡯ࠬ࡜ࠗࡦߢߪૐ޿ߡ޿ࠆߩߢ㧘ౕ૕⊛ߥ௛߈ᣇ߿૛ᥜߩㆊߏߒᣇߥߤߣߩ߇ࡈࠜࡠࠕ࠶ࡊߢ㜞ߊߥߞߚ⟲ߩഭ௛⠪ߩ∋ഭ߿߁ߟ∝㑐ㅪᕈ߽ട߃ߡ੹ᓟߩᦝߥࠆᬌ⸛߇ᔅⷐߢ޽ࠆ㧚ߐࠄߦ㧘⁁ߥߤߩࠬࠦࠕ߇ᡷༀ௑ะࠍ␜ߒߡ޿ߚ㧚ߎࠇߪ㧘ᧄ⎇⃻ታߩ⡯႐ߦ߅޿ߡൕോᤨ㑆ߩⵙ㊂ᮭߩᔕ↪น⢻ᕈࠍ⠨ⓥߣߪൕോᤨ㑆ߩⵙ㊂ᮭࠬࠦࠕߩಽ㘃ᣇᴺ߇⇣ߥࠆ߽ߩᘦߒߚ႐ว㧘⥄ಽߩ௛ߊᤨ㑆߿ભߺᣇࠍ᳿߼ࠆߎߣߩߢߩ㧘ൕോᤨ㑆ߩⵙ㊂ᮭߩჇടߪഭ௛⠪ߩஜᐽ㑐ㅪᜰᮡߦ߈ࠆⵙ㊂ᮭࠍഭ௛⠪⥄りߦᜬߚߖࠆߎߣߪਛ࡮㐳ᦼ⊛ߦߟ޿ߡ㧘޽ࠆ৻ቯߩ᦭⋉ߥലᨐ߇޽ࠆߎߣࠍᡰᜬߔࠆ⍮ߺߡഭ௛⠪ߩ∋ഭシᷫߦߟߥ߇ࠅ㧘⚿ᨐ⊛ߦߘࠇ߇ഭ௛⷗ߛߣ⸒߃ࠆ㧚ߊࠊ߃ߡ㧘ㅳߩ೨ᓟඨߢ෻ᔕᤨ㑆ᬌᩏߩ↢↥ᕈࠍ߽㜞߼ࠆน⢻ᕈ߇␜ໂߐࠇࠆ㧚⚿ᨐߦ㆑޿߇↢ߓߚߣ޿߁ᧄ⎇ⓥߩ⚿ᨐࠍ〯߹߃ߡ⠨߃
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