United Nations

A/RES/57/239

General AssemblyDistr.: General
31 January 2003

Fifty-seventh session
Agenda item 84 (c)Resolution adopted by the General Assembly[on the report of the Second Committee (A/57/529/Add.3)]

57/239. Creation of a global culture of cybersecurity
The General Assembly,
Noting the growing dependence of Governments, businesses, otherorganizations and individual users on information technologies for the provision ofessential goods and services, the conduct of business and the exchange ofinformation,
Recognizing that the need for cybersecurity increases as countries increase
their participation in the information society,
Recalling its resolutions 55/63 of 4 December 2000 and 56/121 of
19 December 2001 on establishing the legal basis for combating the criminal misuseof information technologies,
Recalling also its resolutions 53/70 of 4 December 1998, 54/49 of 1 December
1999, 55/28 of 20 November 2000, 56/19 of 29 November 2001 and 57/53 of
22 November 2002 on developments in the field of information andtelecommunications in the context of international security,
Aware that effective cybersecurity is not merely a matter of government or law
enforcement practices, but must be addressed through prevention and supported
throughout society,
Aware also that technology alone cannot ensure cybersecurity and that priority
must be given to cybersecurity planning and management throughout society,
Recognizing that, in a manner appropriate to their roles, government, business,other organizations, and individual owners and users of information technologies
must be aware of relevant cybersecurity risks and preventive measures and must
assume responsibility for and take steps to enhance the security of these information
technologies,
Recognizing also that gaps in access to and the use of information technologies
by States can diminish the effectiveness of international cooperation in combating
the criminal misuse of information technology and in creating a global culture ofcybersecurity, and noting the need to facilitate the transfer of information
technologies, in particular to developing countries,
Recognizing further the importance of international cooperation for achieving
cybersecurity through the support of national efforts aimed at the enhancement of02 55522

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human capacity, increased learning and employment opportunities, improved publicservices and better quality of life by taking advantage of advanced, reliable andsecure information and communication technologies and networks and by promoting
universal access,Noting that, as a result of increasing interconnectivity, information systems
and networks are now exposed to a growing number and a wider variety of threats
and vulnerabilities which raise new security issues for all,Noting also the work of relevant international and regional organizations on
enhancing cybersecurity and the security of information technologies,
1.
Takes note of the elements annexed to the present resolution, with a viewto creating a global culture of cybersecurity;
2.
Invites all relevant international organizations to consider, inter alia,
these elements for the creation of such a culture in any future work on
cybersecurity;
3.
Invites Member States to take into account these elements, inter alia, intheir efforts to develop throughout their societies a culture of cybersecurity in theapplication and use of information technologies;
4.
Invites Member States and all relevant international organizations to take,inter alia, these elements and the need for a global culture of cybersecurity into
account in their preparations for the World Summit on the Information Society, to beheld at Geneva from 10 to 12 December 2003 and at Tunis in 2005;
5.
Stresses the necessity to facilitate the transfer of information technology
and capacity-building to developing countries, in order to help them to takemeasures in cybersecurity.
78th plenary meeting
20 December 2002

Annex
Elements for creating a global culture of cybersecurity
Rapid advances in information technology have changed the way
Governments, businesses, other organizations and individual users who develop,own, provide, manage, service and use information systems and networks(“participants”) must approach cybersecurity. A global culture of cybersecurity will
require that all participants address the following nine complementary elements:(a) Awareness. Participants should be aware of the need for security of
information systems and networks and what they can do to enhance security;(b) Responsibility. Participants are responsible for the security of
information systems and networks in a manner appropriate to their individual roles.
They should review their own policies, practices, measures and procedures
regularly, and should assess whether they are appropriate to their environment;(c) Response. Participants should act in a timely and cooperative manner toprevent, detect and respond to security incidents. They should share information
about threats and vulnerabilities, as appropriate, and implement procedures for rapid
and effective cooperation to prevent, detect and respond to security incidents. This
may involve cross-border information-sharing and cooperation;

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A/RES/57/239(d) Ethics. Given the pervasiveness of information systems and networks inmodern societies, participants need to respect the legitimate interests of others andrecognize that their action or inaction may harm others;(e) Democracy. Security should be implemented in a manner consistent withthe values recognized by democratic societies, including the freedom to exchangethoughts and ideas, the free flow of information, the confidentiality of informationand communication, the appropriate protection of personal information, openness
and transparency;(f) Risk assessment. All participants should conduct periodic risk
assessments that identify threats and vulnerabilities; are sufficiently broad-based toencompass key internal and external factors, such as technology, physical andhuman factors, policies and third-party services with security implications; allowdetermination of the acceptable level of risk; and assist in the selection of
appropriate controls to manage the risk of potential harm to information systems andnetworks in the light of the nature and importance of the information to beprotected;(g) Security design and implementation. Participants should incorporate
security as an essential element in the planning and design, operation and use of
information systems and networks;(h) Security management. Participants should adopt a comprehensive
approach to security management based on risk assessment that is dynamic,
encompassing all levels of participants’ activities and all aspects of their operations;(i) Reassessment. Participants should review and reassess the security ofinformation systems and networks and should make appropriate modifications tosecurity policies, practices, measures and procedures that include addressing new
and changing threats and vulnerabilities.

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