Disclaimer
This report was compiled by an ADRC visiting researcher (VR) from ADRC
member countries.
The views expressed in the report do not necessarily reflect the views ofthe ADRC. The boundaries and names shown and the designations usedon the maps in the report also do not imply official endorsement or
acceptance by the ADRC.

Countryy PresentationMONGOLIAGENERAL INFORMATION OF MONGOLIALANDSCAPE
CLIMATEHAZARDS IN MONGOLIA
EMERGENCY MANAGEMENT SYSTEM OF MONGOLIAFOREIGN RELATIONS AND COOPERATIONIMPLEMENTATION OF HYOGO FRAMEWORKFOR ACTIONGGenerall informationi fti off Mongolia
MliWith in area of more than 1.6
1 6 million square kilometers and a population of
2.7 million.
Mongolia has a population density of 1.5 people per square kilometer.
M
Mongolia
li isi classifiedl
ifi d as one off theth developing
dl i countries
t i ini theth World.
W ld
Developed for ADRC VRPGeneral information ofMongolia

Capital Ulaan Baatar

Mongolia consists of 21
provinces and capital city. Its
capital is Ulaanbaatar.
Mongolia's political systemis parliamentary democracy.
democracy
Ethnick Groups

Parliament building, Suhbaatar Square,

1%
2%
3%

9%

Halkh

6%

Kazak
DorvodBayadDariganga
79%

OthersMountainRiverSteppe

Sand Dune

LandscapeThe Mongolian heartland consists of relatively flat steppes. The southern
portionti off th
the country
t iis ttaken
k up bby th
the Gobi
G bi D
Desert,t while
hil ththe northernth andd
western portions are mountainous
winterspringsummerautumnClimateMost of the country is hot in the summer and extremely cold in the winter,with January averages dropping as low as -30ºC (-22ºF).
Mongolia is high, cold, and windy.
The country averages 257 cloudless days a year.

HAZARDS IN MONGOLIA

Disasters occur in Mongolia• Drought and Dzud

• Heavy snow and extreme cold
• Steppe and Forest Fire• Diseases•Flood•Earthquake•Technicalaccidents

7

Rescue, protect and assist.

NUMBER OF OCCURRED HAZARDOUS
PHENOMENA AND ACCIDENTS

4000

3548

3500
3000
2500

3072
2657

2759

2976
2468

2000
1500
1000
5000
2006

2007

2008

2009

2010

number of occurred hazarduos phenomena and accidents
2913

2011

The number of the people lost theirlives in the disasters
300
250
200
150
100500180There is the tendency of increasing the toll of death in a
result of disasters from year to year

LAST 15 YEARS WE HAPPENED HAZARD
ACCIDENTS
forest steppe
fire, 1807

cases of avian
influenza, 3

unfortunate
loses of lives
causedd bybriver, lake
accidents, 494

dzud, 9flood, 147traffic train, 50
earthduake,58
cases ofh
humanandddiseases, 119

object fire,23238

acutecontagious
animaldiseases, 136
snow and dust
storms, 121

INCURRED LOSSES
1330 human loss
900 people had been infected
9.2 million of livestock perished
9 7 million of hector of forest land destroyed
9.7
38.1 million ha of steppe fire
3891 gers and houses burnt
227 fences and enclosures causing
632.4
632
4 /600 million USD/trillion of tugrugs
t gr gs
damage to the countries economy

Potential Earthquake Hazard inMongolia• Around Ulaanbaatar, in comparison to western
Mongolia, the seismic activity is relatively low.
• But A high seismic activity occurs in SonginoSonsgolon area in western end of Ulaanbaatar basin2005 This area,area which could be one ofof city since 2005.
most seismic active zone around Ulaanbaatar,
dramatically increases the seismic hazard of thecapital of Mongolia where is concentrated about of 1/3of the Mongolia population and the majority ofindustries of the country.

B d earthquake:
Bogdh k M
Mw=88 iin 04 DDecemberb 191957
Mogod city: Mw=7 in 5 January 1967
Tahin Shar earthquake: Mw=7 in 04 January 1974

DZUD (Severe winter disaster)

Mongolia has one of the coldest climates in the world, with temperatures
dropping below -20ºC for several months each year. The 2009-10 winter, which
has been extremely harsh even by Mongolian standards,
standards has resulted inincreased maternal and child mortality, and an unprecedented loss of
livestock and the collapse of thousands of people’s livelihoods and manyb i services.
basiciDZUD (Severe winter disaster)• By the end of April 20102010,, more than 9.1 million
head of livestock (some 17%17% of all Mongolia’slivestock) had perished nationnation-wide which left
97000 herder households completely loss oflivelihood..
livelihood• Even though the Dzud period ends, the humanand animal highly
ing y infectious diseases spreadpeffected area due to the lack of disinfection to thelivestock carcasses
carcasses..

“Emergency ManagementMongolia”
System of Mongolia• The Law on Disaster Protection was approved by theParliament of Mongolia on 20 June, 2003.
• Following the Law on Disaster Protection, Mongolian
Government established the National Emergency
Management Agency (NEMA) on 7 January, 2004.
• According to the Law on Disaster Protection, NEMA isresponsible for implementation of the State disasterprotection policy and legislation, as well as for theprofessional
fil organizationi ti off nation
ti wideid activities.
ti iti

Vision• To be the institution with high qualified personnel,
modern techniques and equipments and that provides
disaster management at the international level.

Mi iMissionz

The mission of the NEMA is the reduction of risk and vulnerabilityythrough disaster management activities.

Main legal documents and acts
The role of the National Emergency
g y Management
gAgency of Mongolia is defined primarily byfour basic laws:• The Law on Disaster Protection• Law on Fire Safety• Law on Forest and Steppe Fire Protection• The Law on State Reserve

National Emergency Management
Structure of MongoliagDeputy PrimeMinister
State emergency
commission

State administrative organization
gin
charge of disaster protection

Disaster Protection
State Services
Local DisasterProtection
Services

Under units

Part time Professional
Units

Emergency staff insoum level
Volunteers

Structure of Emergency Management Service
Th G
The
Government off M
Mongolia
li
Deputy Prime Minister of Mongolia

The National Emergency Management Agency

Emergency Management
Department of theC it l City
Cit
CapitalEmergency Management
Divisions of Districts

EmergencyManagement
Departmentsand Divisionsof Aimags

RescueSpecialUnitStateReserve
Branches

Disaster
ResearchInstituteRescue, protect and assist.

Sport Club
“Rescuer”

Article 16. Disaster Protection Service and Its
Management• 16.1. Disaster protection non-official services of State,Aimag, capital city, Soum, district bag and khoroo shallbe established with their goal to implement disasterprotection duties.
duties2 The Prime Minister shall establish the State
• 16
16.2.
Disaster Protection Services supported by the related
state administrative organization. The Governors of therespective level shall establish the disaster protection
services of Aimag, capital city, Soum, district, bag andkhoroo on related entities and enterprises.
Rescue, protect and assist.

23ÎНЦГОЙ БАЙДЛЫН АЛБАDi
Disastert Protection
P t ti ServiceSi
Ä/ä

Name of State Services

Leading State AdministrativeOrganization

1.

Natural and chemical danger assessment
andd information
i fti servicei2.

Health protection service

3.

Food and agriculture service

4.

Fuel and power service

Ministry of Fuel and Power

5
5.

Radiation protection service

Nuclear Energy Agency

6.

Road and transportation service

Ministry of Road, Transportation,
Co st uct o andConstruction
a d Urban
U ba Developmente e op e t

Ministry of Nature and Tourism
Ministry of Health
Ministry of Food, Agriculture and Light
industry

24Disaster Management
Department

Public Reelations Division

Construction and urban
development service

8.
Professional inspection
serviceState General Professional
Inspection Agency

9.
Information andi ti serviceicommunication
Information, Communications
T h ldP
th it
TechnologyandPostt A
Authority

10.
Order service
General Police Agency

11.
Public awareness service
Chief of Government Press
OfficeReescue Speciaal Unit and Sub-Units

7.
MinistryMii t off Road,
R d T
Transportation,t tiConstruction and Urban
Development

EMDepaartments and Div
visions of Capital City and aimaags

Transportation Sectiion

State Reserve andRecovery Department

Prrocurement aand Service DDivision

Financcial and Econ
nomic Plann
ning DivisionnChiefState Reeserve Branchees of Capital C
City and Aimag
gsWarehouuse Service and Technological C
Control Division

Reserrve Division

Fire FightingDepartment

Sport Club “Rescueer”

Deputy Chief

Disaster R
Research InsttitutePreevention andd Inspection Division

Fire Fig
ghting DivisioonTrainiing and Disaaster Awareneess DivisionnCommmunication annd Informationn TechnologyDivision
DCooordination of Po
olicy Implemeentation andEmergency M
Management Division

Foreign Reelations Diviision

Human Reesource Diviision

Administrative
Department

Policyy Planning aand Monitoriing Division

Disaster Protection Service25

The Structure of NEMA

Office of State Emergency Commission

Deputy Chief

Finance and ServiceDepartment

OНЦГОЙ БАЙДЛЫН АЛБАDisaster Protection Functions
The state administrative organization in charge of disasterprotection is the organization responsible for theimplementation of the state disaster protection policy andthe legislation on disaster protection and the organizationof nation-wide disaster protection activities and provision
with professional management.
management
The disaster protection resources shall be emergency
management institution, disaster protection state services,entities and enterprises and specialized units andvolunteers (from the Law on Disaster Protection).
27
Rescue, protect and assist.

Trainings•Disaster
training

protection
pcomplexp•Disaster protection
staff training

commandi
i preparedness
d•Disasterprotection
inspection

Rescue, protect and assist.

28

Joint Training and Exercises-DisasterDisaster Preparedness Training
and Exercise,
COE, APCSS,
Alaska National Guard,
Guard USA
- Disaster Management, Training,
B
Bournemouthth University,
U i
it UK
- Earthquake Preparedness, EMD,
TurkeyRescue, protect and assist.

29

F i Relations
ForeignR l iandd Cooperation:
Ci-

Ministry of the Russian Federation for Affairs of Civil Defence,
Defence Emergency andDisaster ReliefRelief;; The Federation Reserve Agency, Russian Federation-

Ministryy of Civil Affairs,, the People’spRepublic
pof China-

Disaster Management Agency, Republic of Hungary-National Emergency
g y Management
gAgency,g y, Republic
pof Korea-Alaska National Guard, Center of Excellence for Disaster Management andHumanitarian Assistance, APCSS, USA-

Ministry of Emergency, Republic of Kazakhstan-Federal Office of Civil Protection and Disaster Assistance, the Federal Republicof Germany-Fire and Disaster Management Agency, Japan-

Bournemouth University Disaster Management Centre, the United Kingdom
and the Northern Ireland
Rescue, protect and assist.

International organizations:-UN specialized agencies-

International Civil Defence Organization ICDO-

Asian Disaster Reduction Center ADRC-

Asian Disaster Preparedness Center ADPC-International Atomic Energy Agency IAEA-

International Fire Chiefs’ Association of Asia IFCAA-The International Association of Fire Chiefs-

KOICA JICA,
KOICA,JICA TICA,
TICA SDC

NEMA is pursuing the policy of establishing extensive
cooperation
pwith the concerned organizations
gofvarious countries and international organizations.
Rescue, protect and assist.

Implementation of HyogoFFramework
k forf AActionti
1. NEMA of Mongolia developed National Platform for Strengthening
Disaster Protection Capacity of Mongolia 2006-2015 cohered with theHyogo Framework for Action 2005
2005-2015.
2015.
2. NEMA of Mongolia pays attention to define and assess disaster risk,
monitor and improve early warning system. Besides, we developed
it byy the Government
Procedure on Disaster assessment and approved
ppof Mongolia.
3. Legislative environment of the coordination for capacity activity wascreated. According
g to the resolution of the Government of Mongolia,
gministries and agencies, which have main roles using the professions
and support in the possible disaster period or disaster period, wereappointed.

I lImplementation
i off Hyogo
H
Framework for Action
4. Some amendments were included in the Disaster Preparedness Plan inorderd tot makek disasterdi t response immediately.
idi t l All levelsl l off theth local
l lpreparedness plans were renovated and they have revision plans.
5. We take into account increasing community participation in the disasterprotection activity. The understanding of the word “Volunteer” wasdefined in the Law on Disaster Protection. NEMA is implementing theUNDP Project “Strengthening the Disaster mitigation and management
system in Mongolia” and in the framework of the project, thecommencement of the developing disaster management on the base of
local community for supporting community initiative was made.
6. We carry the policy to be included risk into the insurance. We havebegun developing the draft of the Law on Disaster Insurance with theInsurance
su a ce oorganization.
ga at oFurther international cooperation in the field ofdisaster management• Since no disaster is confined to theterritory of one state, it is important tocooperatet
regionallyi llanddsharehexperiences and research materials.
• International disaster relief is essential
for disaster affected communities, butmore attention to be paid for disaster
preparedness and prevention.
g ppriorityy should be ggiven to• The highpromoting cooperation in the field ofdisaster prevention, preparedness andwarningiCh llChallenging
iissuesi• Responding to a complex disaster such as an 8+
earthquake will present challenging issues forNEMA and the Mongolian emergency responsesystem that in all probability have not been
experienced before. Communications, emergency
response
pand information assets will be requiredqtofunction under the most demanding of situations.
Information will be very uncertain.
• Lack of coordination between NEMA and MEDIA
MEDIA’s.
s.
• Language challenges (English, Russian) of thepersonnel.
• Retrofitting of the National level earthquake disaster
preparedness plan
• Strengthening of the capacity of public awarenessraising activities.
activities• Disaster Research Institute wasestablished in 2005
• The Institute is working to develop ascientific basis of measures for disasterand disaster related issues.

• To implement a research work andstudies regarding to disaster prevention,
preparedness,
pp, a respondpand recovery.
y• To assess a natural hazards, disasterrisk and vulnerability
vulnerability.
• To implement analysis, a pilot
production and invention.

Board ofResearch

Director

Board ofDirector

Scientist/SecretaryCenter
Ct off Di
Disastert
Research and Analysis
Team of Researchers

Laboratories
RS and GIS forDisaster laboratory
Laboratoryy of fire
Laboratory of Chemical
Laboratory of Radiation

My expectation of learning
ffromVR program••••

Enhance professional skills and knowledge on community participationin disaster preparedness
Basing on the reference materials provided by ADRC, to upgrade myknowledge on international disaster mitigation activities
activities..
To further research in the field of “Community Participations on
Disaster Rick Reduction”
With participation of nonnon--government organization, local andinternational who extends their assistance through technical andfinancial support,
support however,
however these programs has not reach its ultimate
user which is the communitycommunity.. There is still a gap between national, localand community level that results to more casualties, damage toproperties and livelihood
livelihood..

Thank you for your attention!!

Arigato gozaimasu!!!

Address:

NATIONAL EMERGENCY MANAGEMENTAGENCY OF MONGOLIA
Patrizani gudamj, Sukhbaatar duureg
Ulaanbaatar-210644, Mongolia
Tel: 976-11-262416 ; 976-11-263567
Fax: 976-11-322307
E-mail: nema_mongolia@yahoo.com
Web: www.emer.pmis.gov.mn