KAGRA SCIENTIFIC CONGRESS: COLLABORATORS’ INFORMATION EXCHANGE

2019/04/18

KSC Newsletter
Issue 4

Einstein Telescope and KAGRA signed agreement
to collaborate on the development of the common technologies
The 5th KAGRA International Workshop (KIW5)
was held at Perugia, Italy. The third day of theworkshop was named “The first KAGRA-Virgo-3G
Detectors Workshop (KV3G)”, where we discussed
the project of Einstein Telescope (ET), one of the
key gravitational-wave observatory plans in the
future. The nascent ET collaboration (it will be
formulated in April 2019) plans to construct a
triangle-shape 10 km-armed laser-interferometer
underground, and with cryogenic technology. Its
core technologies match with our experiences.

Contents of this issue
p-2 Directions: bKAGRA installation
finished !!
p-3 Future: Upgrading KAGRA?
p-4 Kamioka Local: Hida Space Science Museum
p-5 Report: Demographic Survey 2018 by diversity committee
p-8 Meetings: F2F at NAOJ, F2F at ICRR, KIW6 at Wuhan, China
p-10 Poster Award Winners
p-11 Newly Joined: Aoyama Gakuin Univ., KIAA Peking Univ.
p-13 New collaborators, We hear that …
almost1

On February 16, 2019, at the gorgeous
Sala dei Notari (hall of Notari), our PI,
Takaaki Kajita, and the ET steeringboard chairmen, Michele Punturo andHarald Lück, signed a letter of intent tocollaborate on the development of third
generation detectors. The scope of theletter is quite general (see JGWM1909820), but we believe it becomes acertain step forward for both of us.
KIW5 and KV3G workshop had morethan a hundred of participants. The
meeting continued from the earlymorning to the late evening, but weenjoyed a small historical old city area,
Perugia chocolates, and environment of
AC Perugia (Perugia Calcio). We thank
LOC members, especially Helios Vocca
and Flavio Travasso for giving us thisopportunity.

🍏KAGRA Scientific Congress Newsletter No. 4

2019/04/18

DirectionsbKAGRA Installation

almostfinished with 4-week delay !!

we will shift to the commissioning and launching phase
LIGO/Virgo started their observation 3 (O3) on April 1, 2019. Expected event rate of GW from black-holebinary is one per week, and those of neutron stars is one per month. I want to summarize the status of us inthis moment.

A month delay?
A year ago, we decided to accelerate our installation schedule in order to join LIGO/Virgo observation run 3(O3), at least the last part of it. We set the tight schedule of bKAGRA installation, and made March 31 (2019)as the target day of its completion. As was described in KSC Newsletter No.2 (p.2), we made to go with theplan of dual-recycled interferometer (resonant sideband extraction) (say plan A), with a back-up plan of powerrecycled type (plan B).
According to Yoshio Saito, the chief of system engineering office (SEO), up to the end of February, allinstallations had been on schedule. However, since we faced a couple of troubles on the suspension systems,
cryogenic coolers, and so on, the total schedule likely to be running one-month late (as of April 12). While thedetailed status will be explained in the face-to-face meeting shortly, we heard that SEO planed to hold thedecision of plan A or B by the middle of May. We might blame ourselves for such delay as a fatal. However, I
would like to mention that when I made a status talk at LIGO/Virgo collaboration meeting (at Wisconsin,
middle of March 2019), the reactions of people were quite warm; I received a comment from a big guy in LIGO
"Only two-week delay! (as of March 20). You are doing good job!". So keep working, and be happy.

“Commitment form” & “Collaboration Agreement”
As a step for joint observation, KSC decided (at the remote meeting, January 28) to collect "O3 commitment
form" [JGWdoc-M1909631] from all of us individually in order to confirm ethical statement for accessing O3LIGO+Virgo data. KSC board thinks that keeping confidential issues within the collaborations and having
cadence for scientific activities as a collaboration is quite important. Although we did not set the deadline,
more than 180 members already reacted. I appreciate your cooperation. (If you have not yet done, please go tohttps://gwcenter.icrr.u-tokyo.ac.jp/o3-commitment-form).
EO decided to collect "KAGRA collaboration agreement” [JGWdoc-M1909818] from all groups in thecollaboration, in order to confirm the relationship officially between each group and KAGRA, and to proceed to
the next responsible contributions including the observation shift and the future development of the projects. In
order to plan our O3 observation shift at the KAGRA site, we also collect the list of shift candidates from eachgroup. We again had not set the deadline, more than 30 groups already reacted, and we have a list of shift
candidates more than 180 names. (If you have not yet done, please go to https://gwcenter.icrr.u-tokyo.ac.jp/
collaboration-agreement).

Towards MoU (MoA) with LIGO and Virgo
In May, LIGO and Virgo finally signed up to their revised MoA (memorandum of agreement). They agreed tothe schedule for releasing data, the new style of publications and organizations, after the long (two-year)
discussion. We, KAGRA, started to discuss ourselves towards MoU (or MoA) with LV. We set the target day forsigning up as September at the LV meeting, and try to form our total agreement at the face-to-face at Toyama
this summer. Current KSC board members will finish their term in coming August, and the board tries to clear
up all the issues and pass the baton to the next team.
Hisaaki Shinkai 🍏2

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FutureUpgrading KAGRA ?
Sadakazu Haino on behalf of Future Planning Committee
Official discussion started
KAGRA Future Planning Committee (FPC) wasapproved by KSC in December/2018 f2f meeting andstarted discussion about the possibility of upgrading
KAGRA in near (~5 year) to middle (~10 year)
terms. In case of LIGO and Virgo they already haveconcrete plans of A+ and AdV+ and starting theactual work in view of O5 (2024~ ?).

KAGRA’s dilemma

If we want to reduce the shot noise in high (>100Hz) frequency region we need to increase the laser
power. However, the high power laser will increase
the radiation pressure noise (<100 Hz), and make it
difficult to keep the cryogenic temperature because
the heat absorption at the ITM bulk and the ITM/
ETM surface increases. Higher ITM temperature will
increase the mirror thermal noise at around 100 Hz.
Using a thicker fiber suspension is one way to solve,
but it will increase the suspension thermal noise
below 100 Hz. Frequency dependent (FD) squeezing
is a promising way to achieve a broad-band
sensitivity improvement given that mirror thermal
noise can be suppressed as well.
We consider four upgrade options: LF (Low
Frequency), HF (High Frequency), FDsq (Frequency dependent squeezing), and Heavy (test mass).

(Left) Dilemma of cryogenic mirror and(Right) Four candidates to mitigate[Cartoons based on JGW-G1809313]

Which physics are you interested in ?

If broad-band upgrade is difficult, we need to focus
on which frequency band is most preferred for the
KAGRA+ upgrades. Considering the feasibility ofavailable and up-coming technologies is one point.
Putting a priority on physics targets is anotherimportant point.
There are several important physics topics. Generally
speaking, bigger scale mass emits lower frequency
gravitational waves (GW). There are also manysources which have never been detected via GW so
the requirements on the sensitivities should differ
from sources such that detection-type sources
require high SNR or longer observation time, while
analysis-type sources may require broadband
coverage or some particular frequency ranges. In any
cases, KAGRA+ upgrades should be considered as amember of world-wide GW network in the next
5~10 years and beyond. For more details, pleasecheck FPC white paper at [JGW-M1909590]. 🍏

3KAGRA Scientific Congress Newsletter No. 4
Kamioka Local

2019/04/18

Hida Space Science Museum
Kamioka Lab open

KAGRA is located deep underground in Mt. Ikenoyama next toSuper-Kamiokande, KamLAND, and so on. Such facilities attract
people’s curiosities, but there are quite limited opportunities forthe public to visit the underground sites. Hida city tackled tosolve this dilemma by renewing and expanding the SuperKamiokande exhibition booth in the Sky Dome roadside park in
Kamioka town as “Hida Space Science Museum KamiokaLab.”The renewed KamiokaLab exhibits a huge half-cylindrical screen
theater, a real-size replica of Super-Kamiokande detector wall, a
video game to catch neutrinos, a KAGRA’s miniature model, video
clips, and more. Under powerful supervisions by the researchersat the University of Tokyo and Tohoku University, the contents
are described in scientifically correct ways in any details. Visitors
can enjoy and get to know about the underground astrophysics
experiments performed in Hida city.
In the morning of March 27, opening ceremony of KamiokaLab
was held at the entrance hall of the museum. Mr. Junya
Tsuzuku, the Mayor of Hida city, made a greeting followed by aspeech of Professor Takaaki Kajita, our Principal Investigator.
Prof. Kajita addressed his hope that KamiokaLab strengthen theconnection between scientists and people. More than 150
visitors formed a long queue at the entrance at 1pm, the time
for public open of the museum.

Kajita-san & the Mayer in the center.

An Akutagawa Prize novelist Mr. Natsuki Ikezawa attended theopening ceremony and signed on the message board in the museum.
He visited Super-Kamiokande and KAGRA in the afternoon, then had
a special lecture about the relationship between cosmology andliterature at the Hida-city’s Kamioka public hall in the evening. He
noted his first visit of KAGRA was really impressive in the reply for
an audience’s question.
KamiokaLab is admission free and open from 9am to 5pm every day
except Wednesday. Science communicators, one of them graduated
ICRR Kamioka Observatory, welcome everyone and explain difficult
astro-particle physics in easy words. Visit their web
https://www.city.hida.gifu.jp/site/kamiokalab/ for details.
Yoshihisa Obayashi 🍏

4

KAGRA Scientific Congress Newsletter No. 4

Report2019/04/18

Summary of the demographic survey 2018

Keiko Kokeyama, Joey Fedrow, and Chunglee Kim on behalf of the KSC diversity committee
KAGRA is a large international collaboration of physicists and astrophysicists. The collaboration has more than
400 members from 97 institutions across 13 different countries, as of February 2019 -- with the list continuing
to grow and expand. Among our collaborators, there's a wide spectrum of characteristics that each member has;such as gender, race, religion, physical abilities, etc. Collectively, these differences and characteristics are known
as diversity. Having diversity in a society can be advantageous when it is properly managed.
To make diversity advantageous in our scientific society, we need to leverage its power to increase the efficiency
of scientific productivity. It is important to understand and respect colleagues’ differences at the workplace, sothat everyone can work comfortably regardless of one’s characteristics. The goals of the KAGRA Scientific
Congress (KSC) diversity committee are to create a respectful and comfortable work environment for everyone,
minimize unnecessary conflicts between the collaborators, and maximize our efficiency and scientific discovery
through diversity.
As a first step toward our goals, we would like to view the demographic landscape of the collaboration. The
KSC diversity committee conducted a survey during November 2018 and presented the results in the December
face-to-face meeting. The method of survey was an online survey application (https://www.surveymonkey.com/
stories/SM-HY996Q6/). In total, 100 answers were analyzed.

The professor ratio is comparable to the student and postdocs at the moment.
We need to recruit and encourage more students and postdocs in GW
science, however, this necessitates more grants to secure future researchersand projects.

The group of 10-14 years is significantly fewer than the other groups. We
assume this is because of the project gap between TAMA300 and KAGRA.
Many graduate students, and possibly young researchers, left the field before
KAGRA was funded in 2010. Having less of this generation could bedisadvantageous for the collaboration, as these generations play an importantrole both in research and educations.

5

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Summary of the demographic survey 2018 (page 2) by Kokeyama, Fedrow & Kim

Naturally, the majority hails from Japan, as the detector site is in Japan, and at this moment most of thefunding is from Japan. In the future, the collaboration will have more non-Japanese members and the funding
should start to diversify as well. Japanese institutions are the majority as the nationality.

Thirty percentage of the collaborators have experienced
difficulties at KAGRA workplaces. According to comments on
this question in the survey, most of the difficulties are fromlanguage differences, both for Japanese and non-Japanesecollaborators. For the non-Japanese collaborators, theJapanese cultures at work are, additionally, often difficult.

6

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Summary of the demographic survey 2018 (page 3) by Kokeyama, Fedrow & Kim

The left figure shows more female members feel difficulty than the male members. The gender unbalanced
environment causes not only the leaky pipe effect mentioned in the previous part, but also many other negative
effects, e.g, Matilda effect (women scientists are acknowledged less than men due to a gender bias - pleasegoogle for further information). These issues often arise due to an unconscious bias in people’s minds, and may
add difficulties at work for female members.
We also note that there are a few comments about
harassment, which must be treated very seriously inthe collaboration. The diversity committee is happy
to work as ombudspersons, if anybody sees or hears
anything.
Including “Maybe,” more than 90% of collaborators
are interested in social events. Social activities would
be especially helpful for understanding each otheracross different groups of job categories, cultures,
genders, ages, etc, - related to the experience ofdifficulties.

Although the KAGRA telescope might reside within a mountain, in this article we have analyzed thedemographic landscape upon which the KAGRA collaboration of 2018 sits. Questions about the difficulties andinterest in social activities suggest we have many possible improvements to make in the near future. As thecherry blossoms currently bloom across Japan, demographic information should continue to be collected andtracked regularly for the long term, in order to see the evolution and continued blossoming of the KAGRA
collaboration. 🍏( edited by Ayaka Shoda 🍏 )7

KAGRA Scientific Congress Newsletter No. 4

Recent Meeting

2019/04/18

Face-to-Face 21 at NAOJ, December 5-6

Program: http://gwwiki.icrr.u-tokyo.ac.jp/JGWwiki/LCGT/Meeting/f2f/2018Dec
The 21st F2F meeting was held at National Astronomical Observatory of Japan, December, 2018. There were 118
participants, including 31 people from overseas. We discussed the status of phase-2 construction, preparations forjoining the LIGO/Virgo's O3, and other urgent issues.
Three new institutes joined to the collaboration; Aoyama Gakuin Univ.(Ryo Yamazaki), Chungnam National
University (David Hui) NAOJ, and Peking University (Lijing Shao & Kohei Inayoshi).
We thank LOCs, Mateo Leonardi, Yoichi Aso, and NAOJ members. 🍏

Next Meeting

Face-to-Face 22 at ICRR, April 19-21

Program: http://gwwiki.icrr.u-tokyo.ac.jp/JGWwiki/LCGT/Meeting/f2f/2019Apr
The next Face-to-Face meeting will be held at Institute of Cosmic Ray Research, the University of Tokyo; KAGRA’s
main host institute. The campus is in Kashiwa City, Chiba prefecture; the nearest station is “Kashiwano-ha Campus”
of the Tsukuba express train, which starts from Akihabara station of the JR Yamanote line. The campus is located at
2.2 km from the station, and not only ICRR, U. Tokyo settles Kavli IPMU (Institute for the Physics and Mathematicsof the Universe), ISSP (Institute for Solid State Physics), GSFS (Graduate School of Frontier Sciences), IIS (Instituteof Industrial Science), etc in Kashiwa campus. (“Isolated place accelerates the research activities”, as the proverb
says, :-P)
Our preparation for joining Observation Run 3 of LIGO/Virgo will be the main topic of this Face-to-Face meeting.
The invited speaker of this meeting is Hiroaki Yamamoto, one of the legend of LIGO researchers. Three satellite
meetings will be held in this Face-to-Face meeting; satellite meeting on future upgrades (April 18, at U. Tokyo Hongo
campus), on data analysis (evening of Apr 19), and on calibration and related grants projects (Apr 22).
The registration was already closed, and the number of participants is over 130, which is the largest ever. 🍏

KAGRA MEETING SCHEDULE
Mark your calendar now for the following meetings.
The 22nd KAGRA Face-to-Face meeting at ICRR Kashiwa campus, April 19 (Fri.)-21 (Sun), 2019.
The 6th KAGRA International Workshop, at Wuhan, China, June 21 (Fri.) - 23 (Sun), 2019
The 23rd KAGRA Face-to-Face meeting at U. Toyama, August 22-24, 2019.
Fixed!
The 24th KAGRA Face-to-Face meeting at somewhere, December, 2019.
The 7th KAGRA International Workshop, at National Central U.,
Taoyuan City, Taiwan, May, 2020
call for a host univ./institutes
May be8

KAGRA Scientific Congress Newsletter No. 4

Next Meeting

2019/04/18

The 6th KAGRA International Workshop,
June 21-23, 2019, Wuhan, China
http://kiw6.csp.escience.cn/

It is a great pleasure to hold the 6th KAGRA International Workshop (KIW6) at Wuhan from the 21st to the23rd of June, 2019.
Wuhan is the capital of Hubei Province, which has a population of 10 million. Located in the middle of
China, Wuhan can be reached by speedy train in 4 hours from Shanghai, 4.5 hours from Beijing, 4 hours fromXi'an, and 4/4.5 hours from Guangzhou/Hong Kong/Sheng Zheng.
The KIW6 workshop will be organized by Wuhan Institute of Physics and Mathematics (WIPM), Chinese
Academy of Sciences. WIPM has a history of over 60 years.
WIPM conducts frontier and interdisciplinary research that
focuses on magnetic resonance in life sciences, atomic,
molecular and optical (AMO) physics, atomic frequency
standards, and precision measurement physics. During her
history, WIPM has been honored with nearly 300 scientific andtechnological awards.
WIPM now has about 300 students, 300 scientists and 100
staff members. The international cooperation and academic
exchange between WIPM and the peer institutes around the
The Yellow Crane Tower in Wuhan
world are routine, and long-term cooperative relationship has
been developed between WIPM and institutes from over 20
countries and regions.
The group of cold atom physics (GCAP) led by Prof.
Mingsheng Zhan is one of the earliest research groups thatcarry out cold atom physics study in China. This group hasrealized the first cold atom interferometer in China in 2007,
built the biggest atom interferometer around the world in
2012, and achieved a precision test of the equivalence principlewith atoms in 2015. In recent years, the group is working on
quantum manipulation of single atoms, precision measurementwith atom interferometers, application research of atominterferometer in gravity measurement, gravity gradientmeasurement, rotation measurement and general relativistic
test. A project named as ZAIGA (Zhaoshan long-baseline AtomInterferometer Gravitation Antenna [arXiv1903.09288]) is proposed by GCAP. ZAIGA is a new type ofunderground laser-linked interferometer facility, be equipped with long-baseline atom interferometers, highprecision atom clocks, and large-scale gyros. The ZAIGA facility will be used for experimental research on
gravitation and related problems including gravitational wave detection, high-precision test of the equivalenceprinciple of micro-particles, clock based gravitational red-shift measurement, rotation measurement andgravito-magnetic effect.
In the face-to-face meeting on May 18-20, 2018, WIPM joined
the KAGRA Collaboration. At present, Panwei Huang (D3),
Mingsheng Zhan (Prof.) and Wei-Tou Ni (Prof.) arecollaborating on the VIS subsystem; Guiguo Ge (D1), Jing
Wang (Prof.) and WT Ni are collaborating on the IOO
subsystem, and Dongfeng Gao (Associate Prof.), Wei Zhao
(D1), Min Liu (Associate Prof.) and WT Ni are collaborating on
the fundamental physics part of Data Analysis.
Welcome to KIW6! Welcome to Wuhan!
Min Liu, Wei-Tou Ni, Jing Wang and Mingsheng Zhan 🍏

9KAGRA Scientific Congress Newsletter No. 4

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Poster Award Winners
At the face-to-face meeting in NAOJ, we awarded Mr. Hiroyuki
Tahara and Mr. Kazuya Yokogawa. (Two received a certification
signed by Kajita-san. H.Shinkai donated his new book as thewinner's prize.)
Here are the abstracts of the winner's presentations.

”Most Outstanding Presentation Prize” for two
Hiroyuki Tahara (The Univ. of Tokyo)
Development of an auto-alignment system by machinelearning
Considering the current situation where the systematic andversatile methods for obtaining good alignment of an optical From Left: H.Tahara, K. Yokogawa, & T. Kajita
cavity hardly exist, we are developing an auto-alignment system
Best alignment by hand.
Recovery of alignment!
for the cavity with a wide control range and a simple opticalsetup by making a good use of the computational resources.
When the cavity is locked to TEM00 of an incident laser beam,
its higher-order eigenmode components reflected off at an input
Misaligned on purpose.
mirror of the cavity contains information concerning
misalignment. We designed a machine learning system forextracting the misalignment information from reflected light. We
Started auto-alignment control.
adopted a supervised learning scheme for deep neural networks,of which the input data are intensity distributions of thereflected light ray observed at two positions; the outputs of the
networks are used to predict the sign of each component of a gradient vector of transmission power expressed
as function of four degrees of freedom in two alignment mirrors.
Using the trained deep neural networks which could predict the sign of each component of a gradient vector of
the transmitted power, we have accurately operated the auto-alignment system and made the alignment state
as good as the best realized by the manual procedure. 🍏

Kazuya Yokogawa (U Toyama)
Development of interferometer control system with green lasers in KAGRA
We demonstrated a lock acquisition scheme of KAGRA
interferometer using Arm Length stabilization (ALS) systemin the X arm commissioning.
KAGRA interferometer consists of 5 length Degree ofFreedom (DoF), and it is necessary to control these DoF andbring to each operating point in order to observe
gravitational waves. In KAGRA, we use ALS system to control
these DoF. ALS system consist of three main parts. First partis the frequency stabilization of the green laser. It isnecessary to stabilize the frequency of the green laser in ALS
system since the green laser is used to stabilize DoF of 3 km arm cavities.
Second part is to lock the green laser to 3 km arm cavity by Pound-Drever-Hall (PDH) method and stabilize DoFof the arm cavity. Third part is the frequency stabilization of the main laser using CARM (Common ARM) DoF. If
the stabilized main laser is locked to arm cavities, KAGRA interferometer is ready for gravitational wave
observation.
There were two targets in the X arm commissioning. First was to lock the main laser to the X arm cavity using
ALS system. Second was to confirm the performance of the ALS system. As a result, we achieved these targets
and got the confidence in the ALS performance. 🍏

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Newly Joined

Theoretical Astrophysics Laboratory,
Dept. of Physics and Mathematics,
Aoyama Gakuin University
Ryo Yamazaki, and Shuta J. Tanaka
It is our great pleasure that we joined KAGRA Collaboration at the last F2F meeting held at NAOJ. We are looking
forward to seeing the detector instruments, and we hope that we contribute to KAGRA soon.
Our department (College of Science and Engineering, Aoyama Gakuin University) is located at Sagamihara city.
The nearest station of our campus (JR Fuchinobe sta.) is the same as that of ISAS/JAXA. Every year, we welcome on
average 7 or 8 fourth-grade undergraduate students to our laboratory. This fiscal year, we have 7 undergraduate
students, 10 master course students, and a Ph.D student (A lot of students for two staff members R.Y. and S.J.T.!)
Some of them will contribute to KAGRA. They also look forward to first visit to KAGRA. We have at present little
knowledge on KAGRA, so please allow us to ask you primary questions that may be somewhat trivial for you. Thankyou in advance.
Our research interest so far is the high-energy astrophysics. We have studied the particle acceleration and highenergy photon emission at supernova remnants, gamma-ray bursts (GRBs), and so on. In such phenomena, thesource energy (maybe gravitational or magnetic) is transferred to the expanding matter in the form of kinetic energy
through explosive processes. Then, the outflow is decelerated and the kinetic energy is dissipated into relativistic
particles and electromagnetic radiation at the shock that is formed far from the explosion site. The final dissipation
process can be observed by electromagnetic telescopes, however, the region of the initial launch of the outflow is toocompact and optically thick to be seen. On the other hand, the gravitational wave (GW) is transparent to dense
matter, so that GW observations promise to bring us rich information on the central part of the high-energy
astrophysical phenomena. So far, we have written several papers related to GW physics. In Sago et al. (Phys. Rev.D,
2004), the GW memory of the GRB jet was studied to clarify the jet structure and launch mechanism, and it was
found that the signal from nearby GRBs is detectable. In LIGO O1/O2 era, we have written papers on possible
electromagnetic counterparts of BH-BH (R.Y. et al. 2016, PTEP) and NS-NS merger events (R.Y. et al. 2018, PTEP). In
near future, we will contribute to KAGRA through the multi-messenger discussions. Indeed, R.Y. is an affiliatedmember of Fermi/LAT collaboration and R.Y. and S.J.T. participate in CTA consortium, so that we can access gammaray data soon. We have also studied the electromagnetic properties of the pulsar magnetospheres. The pulsed
electromagnetic radiation from rotating neutron stars and the broadband electromagnetic radiation from pulsar wind
nebula are used to study the relativistic plasma that spins down the pulsar. Although gravitational radiation seems
the sub-dominant mechanism of the pulsar spin-down, it is interesting to explore the fraction of the spin-downenergy leased as gravitational radiation in order to study interior properties of the pulsars.
We will join the data analysis working group of KAGRA, and contribute to KAGRA through not only the theoreticalinterpretation but also the data analysis of GW events. R.Y. gives lectures on Fourier analysis at Aoyama Gakuin
University. For young students (namely our university!), it seems difficult to intuitively understand physics in the
wave number space. We expect that GW observations and analysis will greatly help students experiencing generalwave analysis. 🍏11

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Newly Joined

Kavli Institute for Astronomy and Astrophysics (KIAA),
Peking University
Kohei Inayoshi
It was our great honor pleasure that we joined KAGRA Scientific Congress (KSC) in the last face-to-face meeting in
National Astronomical Observatory in Japan on December in 2018. In the meeting, we had a good opportunity tomeet and talk to a number of KSC members. It was not only fun but also useful to see the atmosphere of the meetingand exchange opinions with new and old colleagues interactively. We also really appreciate the KSC member that wewere allowed to join them as a new member. In particular, we thank to Atsushi Nishizawa for suggesting us tocontribute to KAGRA Scientific White Paper. We are looking forward to further contributions as a member of KAGRA
member.
We would like to introduce our institute, Kavli Institute for Astronomy and Astrophysics (KIAA), as a new member of
KSC congress. KIAA jointly supported by Peking University in China and an endowment made possible by a generous
gift from the Kavli Foundation, USA. KIAA was established in June, 2006 and started operation in 2007. KIAA's
mission is to establish an international center of excellence in astronomy and astrophysics that promotes thedevelopment of basic astrophysical research. With English as the working language, KIAA is engaged in theoreticaland observational initiatives, development and utilization of astronomical facilities, and training of undergraduate
and graduate students and postdoctoral fellows. KIAA has now about 20 faculties, 30 postdocs, 70 graduate students
and 110 undergrad students. KIAA regularly sponsors thematic workshops, conferences, and a range of otheracademic activities to facilitate scientific exchange with the domestic
and international astronomy community. It is establishing exchange
and visiting programs with other Kavli institutes and a network ofuniversities and astronomy centers worldwide.
In KIAA, there are a number of researchers working on gravitational
wave (GW) astronomy related not only to stellar-mass compact
objects but also to (1) supermassive/intermediate-mass black holes
which are targets for pulsar timing array experiments and next
generation GW space-based and ground-based detectors such as
LISA, DECIGO, Einstein telescope, (2) multi-messenger GW
astronomy with observations of other electro-magnetic signaturesand high-energy radiation/particles, and (3) nuclear physics on
establishingand probing equation of state of extremely dense matter
Three new members from KIAA. Kohei
with GW signals. Collecting all of the research activities andInayoshi, Yong Gao, Lijing Shao from left.
expertise on GW astronomy, we have kicked off a long-term
program, PKING, funded by the National Science Foundation ofChina devoted to new core initiatives in astrophysics (http://kiaa.pku.edu.cn/pking/#about). With a support fromthe PKING program, we are inviting many of international visitors and will organize conferences to establish
platforms for international collaborations. We are looking forward to seeing the KSC member here too. Please visit
the website of the PKING gravitational astrophysical group (http://kiaa.pku.edu.cn/GAgroup/) for more
information.
This time, three members have joined the KSC member from KIAA; Shao Lijing, Kohei Inayoshi, and Yong Gao. Dr.
Shao obtained his PhD degree on Theoretical Physics from the School of Physics at Peking University in 2015, andworked as a postdoc in the Albert Einstein Institute and the Max Planck Institute for Radio Astronomy in Germany,
before he joined KIAA as an assistant professor in 2018. Lijing was a LIGO member for two years (2015.9—2017.8).
In AEI-Potsdam, he led to develop a new waveform model (SEOBNRv4). The model was coded up in LIGO Algorithm
Library (LAL). Later it was used in LIGO’s O2 run, and discovered binary black hole events. Lijing is also an expert
on testing gravity theories with pulsar timing techniques and interferometric GW detectors. For more information,please check http://friendshao.github.io/about/. Dr. Kohei Inayoshi has received his Ph.D degree in physics from
Kyoto University in 2014, and worked as a postdoc at Columbia University in USA before he joined KIAA as an
assistant professor in 2018. He is working on the formation channels of stellar-mass binary black holes, consideringstar formation, stellar evolution and black hole accretion, and model their evolution in a cosmological context. For
more information, please visit https://inayoshi0328.wixsite.com/kohei-inayoshi. Yong Gao is a first-year PhD student
in the School of Physics at PKU, who is very interested in GW science. Currently he is taking courses in astrophysics
and reading literature, but soon Yong will be able to work on the research frontier, and contribute to the KAGRA
science. 🍏

12KAGRA Scientific Congress Newsletter No. 4

2019/04/18

WE FOUND THAT …

NEWS IN FOCUS

KAGRA was detected and reported.

POLITICS Violence inNicaragua engulfs
scientists p.11

NEW YEAR Gene-editing,open access and seals withsensors to shape 2019 p.13

MATERIALS The scramble
to understand a twisted
form of graphene p.15

THE ASAHI SHIMBUN VIA GETTY

PHYSICS Tantalizing signs ofsuperconductivity at nearroom temperature p.12

Japan’s Kamioka Gravitational Wave Detector is scheduled to start up in 2019, joining a global network of interferometers.

P H YS IC SJapan to begin pioneeringhunt for gravitational waves
The underground KAGRA detector will deploy ambitious technology to improve sensitivity.
B Y D AV I D E C A S T E LV E C C H I

I

nside a house-sized scaffolding wrappedin thick plastic sheets, Takayuki Tomaru
is in full clean-room attire. The physicist,
who works at the High Energy Accelerator
Research Organization (KEK) in Tsukuba,
Japan, is performing one of the most delicate
and crucial tasks in the construction of a gravitational-wave observatory: installing one of
the machine’s four mirrors, each a 23-kilogram
cylinder of solid sapphire known as a test mass.

When operations begin later this year, their job
will be to bounce infrared laser beams back andforth along two 3-kilometre, high-vacuum
pipes, ready to sense the passage of gravitational
waves (see ‘Japan’s wave hunter’).
The ¥16.4-billion (US$148-million) observatory — Japan’s Kamioka Gravitational
Wave Detector (KAGRA) — will work on
the same principle as the two detectors of theLaser Interferometer Gravitational-Wave
Observatory (LIGO) in the United States
and the Virgo solo machine in Italy. In theǟ ƐƎƏƙ /1(-%#1 341# (,(3#"ƥ ++ 1(%'32 1#2#15#"ƥ
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Science News 195 (2019 Feb) 8

past few years, these machines have begun
to detect gravitational waves — long-sought
ripples in the fabric of space-time, created by
cataclysmic cosmic events such as the merging
of two black holes or the collision of two
neutron stars.
With the addition of KAGRA, the growing
global network of detectors will enable astrophysicists to locate the position of these feeble
cosmic signals in the sky with greatly increased
precision. They will be able to dissect thewaves’ properties, such as how they are
3 JA N UA RY 2 0 1 9 | VO L 5 6 5 | N AT U R E | 9

Nature 565 (2019 Jan ) 30

KAGRA COLLABORATION ARTICLESKAGRA: 2.5 Generation Interferometric Gravitational Wave Detector
T. Akutsu et al. (KAGRA Collaboration)
Nature Astronomy, 3 (2019) 35–40. [arXiv:1811.08079]
https://doi.org/10.1038/s41550-018-0658-y
Vibration isolation system with a compact damping system for power recycling mirrors of KAGRA
Y. Akiyama et al. (KAGRA Collaboration)
Classical and Quantum Gravity, 36 (2019) [arXiv:1901.03053]
https://iopscience.iop.org/article/10.1088/1361-6382/ab0fcb
First cryogenic test operation of underground km-scale gravitational-wave observatory KAGRA
T. Akutsu et al. (KAGRA Collaboration)
submitted to Classical and Quantum Gravity [JGW-P1809289] [arXiv:1901.03569]

O3 information page http://gwwiki.icrr.u-tokyo.ac.jp/JGWwiki/KAGRA/KSC/O3
A new link page has started. List of GW conferences, list of your required actions, LIGO/Virgo links, etc.

RECENT KAGRA STATUS TALKS
meeting/conferences

speaker

JGWdoc

KIW5 in Perugia Italy

Feb. 2019

Keiko Kokeyama[JGW-G1909822]

JPS meeting at Kyushu University

March 2019

Norikatsu Mio[JGW-G1909942]

LVC meeting in Wisconsin US

March 2019

Hisaaki Shinkai[JGW-G1909940]

Rencontres de Moriond 2019

March 2019

Tomotada Akutsu[JGW-G1909985]

13

KAGRA Scientific Congress Newsletter No. 4

2019/04/18
Osaka City University
Yuichiro Kobayashi (B4)
Tomoya Ohashi (B4)
Ryosuke Tsuda (B4)
Tamkang university
Chia-Hsuan Hsiung (Student)
Tzu-Ching Lin (Student)
The University of Tokyo, Institute for Cosmic Ray
Research (ICRR)
Jishnu Suresh (Postdoc)
Eunsub Lee (Graduate Student)
Takashi Kato (Graduate Student)
Yasuhiro Kariya (Graduate Student)
Takumi Nishimoto (Graduate Student)
The University of Tokyo, Research Center for the Early
Universe (RESCEU)
Heather Kin Yee Fong (Posdoc)
Chi Wai Chan (Graduate Student)
Minori Shikauchi (Graduate Student)
Tokyo Institute of Technology
Kenichi Harada (Research Lecturer)
Masafumi Niwano (Graduate Student)
Jun Ogawa (Graduate Student)
Yuting Liu (Graduate Student)
Koki Tachihara (B4)
Makoto Kuribayashi (B4)
Ulsan National Institute of Science and Technology(UNIST)
Kihyun Jung (Graduate Student)
Kwan Lok Li (Postdoc)
University of Rome Sapienza
Eleonora Polini (Graduate Student)
University of Sannio
Rosalba Fittipaldi (Researcher)Cinzia DiGiorgio (Postdoc)
Veronica Granata (Postdoc)
Ofelia Durante (PhD student)
Elena Mejuto-Villa (PhD student)
Wuhan Institute of Physics and Mathematics, The groupof cold atom physics (GCAP)
Min Liu (Associate Prof.)

New Collaborators (*= New Groups)
Aoyama Gakuin University *Ryo Yamazaki (Professor)
Shuta J. Tanaka (Assistant Professor)
Beijing Normal University
Jie Zheng (Graduate student)
Chungnam National University
David Chung Yue Hui (Associate Professor)
Ewha Womans University
Chaeyeon Jeon (Graduate Student)High Energy Accelerator Research Organization (KEK)
Tatsuki Washimi (Postdoc)
JAXA Institute of Space and Astronautical Science
Takuya Midooka (Graduate Student)
Kavli Institute for Astronomy & Astrophysics, Peking
University *Kohei Inayoshi (Assistant Professor)
Lijing Shao (Assistant Professor)
Yong Gao (Graduate Student)
Korea University
Byung Jun Park (Graduate Student)
Myongji University
Sung-Joon Cho (Graduate Student)
National Astronomical Observatory of Japan (NAOJ)
Matteo Leonardi (Assistant Professor)
National Central University
Chia Ming Kuo (Associate Professor)
Harn Fung Pang (Research Assistant)
Ko-Han Chen (Graduate Student)
Hsuan Yu Chu (Graduate Student)
National Tsing Hua University, Department of Physics andInstitute of Astronomy
Kuo-Chuan Pan (Assistant Professor)
En-Tzu Lin (Graduate Student)
Yee Xuan Yap (Graduate Student)
National Tsing Hua University, Institute of Photonics
Technologies
Tsung Ju Yang (Posdoc)
Shu-Rong Wu (Graduate Student)
Niigata University
Yuta Fujikawa (Graduate Student)
Taiki Murakami (Graduate Student)(as of November 2018 — April 15 2019)

Collaboration-list committee made their mailing address kagraros@icrr.u-tokyo.ac.jp; ros from a roster.
Rumor says that on-line version of the collaboration list will be on-line shortly.
If your affiliation address (or email) changes: Contact to kagraros@icrr.u-tokyo.ac.jp
If your group has new members: Contact to kagraros@icrr.u-tokyo.ac.jp
If you have a nice photo: Let the KSC Newsletter share them.
If you are planning to join KAGRA collaboration as a new group: Contact to kscboard@icrr.u-tokyo.ac.jp

14

KAGRA Scientific Congress Newsletter No. 4

2019/04/18

WE HEAR THAT …
Hideyuki Tagoshi (ICRR) became a professor at ICRR in November 2018.
Takayuki Tomaru moved to NAOJ as a professor from KEK, April 2019.
Koutarou Kyutoku moved to Kyoto Univ. as an associate professor from KEK, May 2019.
Tomoya Kinugawa moved from ICRR to Dept. of Astronomy, Univ. of Tokyo as a JSPS SPD, April 2019.
Chihiro Kozakai moved from KEK to NAOJ (Kamioka) as a JSPS postdoc researcher, April 2019.
Tatsuki Washimi moved from KEK to NAOJ as a postdoc researcher, April 2019.
Koki Okutomi moved from Sokendai (NAOJ) to ICRR as a postdoc researcher, April 2019.
Kentaro Komori is visiting MIT as a JSPS research fellow abroad from April 2019.
♥♥♥♥♥♥♥♥♥♥♥♥and ♥♥♥♥♥♥♥♥♥♥♥♥♥♥♥ got married in January!!

Sachiko Kuroyanagi (Nagoya U.) got a baby boy on November 28. His name is Makoto. (photo)Congratulations!
If you have other news, please notice them to the editors.

FROM EDITORS
We appreciate many contributors again for this issue.
We are always calling editorial volunteers, and we also want yourposts and/or leaks of information.
Please send your inquiries the current editorial staff.
Hisaaki Shinkai (Osaka Inst. Tech. ). hisaaki.shinkai at oit.ac.jp
Ayaka Shoda (NAOJ) ayaka.shoda at nao.ac.jp
Yoshihisa Obayashi (ICRR) ooba at icrr.u-tokyo.ac.jp
Kentaro Komori (U Tokyo, MIT)komori at granite.phys.s.u-tokyo.ac.jp
Our dream is still to get the top download counts in JGWdoc.

designed configuration(future plan)
y-arm

x-arm

input

output

KSC Newsletter backnumbers
this issue[JGW-L1910057]
https://gwdoc.icrr.u-tokyo.ac.jp/cgi-bin/DocDB/ShowDocument?docid=10057
No. 3 (2018/12)[JGW-M1809350]https://gwdoc.icrr.u-tokyo.ac.jp/cgi-bin/DocDB/ShowDocument?docid=9350
No. 2 (2018/8)[JGW-L1808559] https://gwdoc.icrr.u-tokyo.ac.jp/cgi-bin/DocDB/ShowDocument?docid=8559
No. 1 (2018/4)[JGW-L1808122] https://gwdoc.icrr.u-tokyo.ac.jp/cgi-bin/DocDB/ShowDocument?docid=8122

15