はしがき

本書 World Report は、世界各地のライターが書いた現地の出来事を伝える記事を厳選し、大学生で英語を学ぶ人たちへ向けて、記事を読み進めるためのエクササイズをつけて編纂したものです。採録している記事は、マレーシア、ニュージーランド、スウェー
デン、ロシア、シンガポール、イタリア、アメリカ、ブラジル、ドイツ、インド、バン
グラデシュ、オーストリア、ジンバブエ、タイ、オランダの 15 ヵ国から発信され、内容もカルチャー、旅行、社会問題、歴史など多岐に渡っています。
本書の英文は、ライターによる原文を単語の難易度と構文の複雑さの観点から解析し、語彙は JACET8000 語彙リストの 4000 語レベル内に収まるように調整し、書き換えができない難語には注をつけました。また構文も複雑すぎるものについては平易なものへと変更しました。
本書は 15 のユニットから成り、各ユニットは VOCABULARY WARM-UP、Reading、Reading for General Information、Reading for Specific Information、Comprehension
Check、Expressing Your Own Ideas の構成になっています。また、ユニットの冒頭には記事を読む前に背景知識が得られるように、内容に関する簡単な紹介を日本語で掲載しています。そこでユニットのトピックを大まかに掴んだら、VOCABULARY WARMUP セクションで本文に出てくる単語を学習します。その後、Reading セクションの本文を読んでいきます。本文には内容展開に沿って３つの見出しをつけました。一度に読み進めることが難しいと感じたら、セクションごとに読んで、Reading for General
Information の設問に答えて大意を把握してください。全体の概要がつかめたら、次はReading for Specific Information の設問に答えながら、全体をもう一度読みましょう。
最後は Comprehension Check のセクションで、正しく読み取れたかどうか確認します。
本書は読解力とともに発信力の増強もめざして、各トピックについて自分の意見をまとめて発信する Expressing Your Own Ideas のセクションを設けました。読んだ内容を自分の生活と照らし合わせて自分の考えを英語でまとめてみましょう。
本書が大学生の皆さんの英語学習に役立つと同時に、世界へ目を向ける小窓のひとつになってくれるよう願っています。最後になりましたが、本書の作成にあたり金星堂のみなさんに多大なるご協力とご支援を賜りました。ここに謝意を表します。

吉田国子

Anthony Allan

Contents
Unit 1Manga in Malaysia: A Love Affair with Japan9

マンガブーム到来！ 台頭するマレーシアの 国産 マンガ家たち

Unit 2

Hosteling in New Zealand: A Home Away from Home

15

安いだけじゃない！ ニュージーランドの最新ホステル事情

Unit 3Sweden: The World’s Most Creative Nation

21

デザイン大国スウェーデンの秘密

Unit 4

The Past, Present and Future of Sakhalin

27

日本とロシアの交差点、サハリン

Unit 5

Gardens by the Bay: Singapore’s Green Wonderland

33

シンガポールの新名所はスーパー植物園

Unit 6

A Jobless Generation39

不況を生き抜くイタリアの若者たち

Unit 7

Gun Control vs. Gun Rights: A War of Words in the United States

45

銃をめぐり二分するアメリカ

Unit 8The Olympic Games Leave Their Mark on Rio de Janeiro

51

オリンピックは街をどう変える ? ブラジル・リオデジャネイロの場合

Unit 9The Sky’s the Limit

57

高層ビルの街、ドイツ・フランクフルト

Unit 10 Water of Death63

死の水：インド、バングラデシュ

Unit 11 Salzburg and The Sound of Music

69『サウンド・オブ・ミュージック』の街、オーストリア・ザルツブルク

Unit 12 Mbare Market ̶ A Little Piece of Today’s Zimbabwe

75

ジンバブエ・ムバレ市場の一日

Unit 13 Making Charms: Experiencing the Spirit of Thai Culture

81

お守り作りで味わうタイの心

Unit 14“Latte Dads” ̶ Sweden’s Modern Fathers

87

スウェーデン、イクメン大国の「ラテパパ」たち

Unit 15Maastricht: The Crossroads of Europe
文化の交差点、オランダ・マーストリヒト

93

Unit

1
Manga in Malaysia:
A Love Affair with Japan
マンガブーム到来！ 台頭するマレーシアの 国産 マンガ家たち

今や日本を代表する文化のひとつとなったマンガ。愛好者の輪は世界中に広がっており、マレーシアも例外ではない。数多くの和製マンガが現地語に翻訳されて売られており、今ではそれらを読んで育ったマンガ家たちが独自の作品を発表。制度や文化の面で日本とは異なる事情も抱えているという彼らの仕事ぶりを追った。

クアラルンプール国際ブックフェアでサイン会を行なったチョンさんとリューさんのもとには大勢のファンが集まった。

VOCABULARY WARM-UP
次の語句の定義を右から選び（）内に記号を書きましょう。

1. genre (n)()

a. payments to writers and musicians

2. oversee (v)()

b. deeply involved in something

3. immersed (adj)()

c. once a year

4. contributor (n)()

d. extremely interested in

5. fascinated (adj)()

e. particular types or styles of art, writing, etc.

6. royalty (n)()

f . removing some content of books, movies, etc.

7. censorship (n)()

g. grow quickly and successfully

8. prohibit (v)()

h. not allowed

9. annually (adv)()

i. manages or supervises

10. flourish (v)()

j. someone who writes for a publication
9

Reading
comics of all genres — American, manga or manhua — as well as games andanimation.

Home-grown creators of mangain Malaysia

30

4 Today, there are many titles pro-duced by Malaysian manga artists.
Kaoru Liew, who is in her early 30s,
has released over 20 titles, mostly on
romance, and has a strong following of 35
DL 02

CD1-02 ~CD1-11

An expanding manga market

sia’s first full-time female manga artist,

1 Japan has a special place in theassistant artist in 2001 at a publishinghearts of Malaysians, and many lovehouse. Still employed by the same com- 40

Japanese products — electrical goods,pany, she oversees shojo manga, aimed5 cars, food — and culture. It is no wonderat young female readers. She first readthen, that Japanese comics, called man-Takehiko Inoue’s Slam Dunk at age 15.

ga, have a big following in this nation.

“Even though I did not know how to

2 Initially, manga sold in Malaysia

play basketball, I was totally immersed 45

she is self-taught and started as an

were translations of Japanese titles,

in that manga’s world. That’s the power

10 mainly into Chinese. This was becauseof comics,” Liew says. Deeply impressed,

Chinese youths were the earliest “con-she wanted to be a manga artist whoverts” to manga as they were already

could express stories and thoughtsfamiliar with manhua (Hong Kong com-through drawings. “I felt strongly then 50ics). Soon, manga became more accept-that drawing comics was noble and15 ed by other ethnic groups, partly due

10female fans. Acknowledged as Malay-

meaningful,” she reflects.

to the popularity of Japanese anime,

5 Ben Wong, 35, was among the first towhich was translated into Malay andpursue manga as a career. Self-taught,

English and broadcast on TV.

he started as a contributor to a manga 55

3 The love of comics has now beenmagazine in 2002. As manga gained

20 passed down to a third generation. Thepopularity, he got a full-time job with2014 Comic Fiesta had 49,000 visitors,

a leading publisher. He then ventured

double that of 2012. Launched in 2002,

out on his own, creating animation for

the Fiesta is run by comic-loving volun-

an online gaming company and writing 60

teers from all walks of life, whose ob-and publishing manga online. Now he25 jective is to celebrate the subculture ofis a freelance manga artist, which is左：書店にはマレー語に翻訳された日本のマンガが並ぶ。 中：出版社の社員という立場で少女マンガを描いているカオル・リューさん。
右：フリーランスのマンガ家、ベン・ウォンさん。日本の外務省が主催し、外国人マンガ家を対象とする国際漫画賞で受賞したことも。

657075rare in Malaysia. By developing his own

at students, published three times astories and selling them to publishers,year. “When I work, it is intense. At thehe controls the story and quality while

end of the day, I am completely drained,

they handle the publication and mar-and my hand is shaking,” he confesses. 90

keting. Constantly looking to increase

A visitor to his studio once remarked asefficiency and productivity, he was also

to why someone responsible for creating

among the first to adopt a digital pro-laughter could look so stressed fromcess to his work. “Publishing is not justdoing the work. “Making people laughabout your art. There are many busi-

is very hard. It is easier to make people 95

ness issues to look into,” he says.

cry!” he laughs. He keeps in touch with

6 Keith Chong, a 39-year-old father ofyoung people through Facebook in orderthree with a Canadian degree in 3-Dto follow trends and develop ideas foranimation, started his manga career in

his manga.

2003. His first introduction to manga
was Doraemon, at age 4, from his uncle’s newsstand in Kuala Lumpur. Fascinated by the stories and the feeling of80

85

Facts about Malaysia’s mangaindustry100

being transported away from everyday

7 In Malaysia, manga artists are typ-life, he has admired Fujiko F. Fujio

ically employed by a publisher and notever since. Chong works full-time for a

supported by a full-time editor as inpublisher and is responsible for several

Japan. They often develop a story and 105

titles. His most popular work is Lawak

illustrate it themselves, which can beKampus (Campus Comedy), a long-run-very draining. This is likely due to bud-ning 120-page yonkoma manga aimed

get constraints as titles are published

Unit 111

sometimes copyright or the lack of it canhave an impact on the industry.” He is 125
concerned that with a lack of incentives,
there won’t be fresh blood to take overwhen veterans like him retire.
9 Another issue with manga in Ma-laysia is censorship. As the country is 130
multiracial and multi-religious, manga
artists are prohibited from making funof religion and drawing characters thatshow a lot of skin, have tattoos, use badlanguage or smoke. Publishers need to 135
apply for a publishing license, which
現地のマンガ家、キース・チョンさん。中国最大規模のマンガ・アニメイベント、中国国際動漫節での受賞歴もある。

needs to be renewed annually and canbe taken away if they go against theguidelines. This often restricts creativi-in any, or a combination of, the threety.

140

110 major languages — Malay, English and

10 Despite the challenges, Malaysian

Chinese — which increases production

manga artists are pleased to put acosts for the publisher. For marriedsmile on their readers’ faces and hopemanga artists with children, working

that the industry will f lourish andfull-time under such conditions leaves

bring joy to future generations. Chong 145

115 little time to spend with the family.

remembers when a young girl asked for

8 Unlike in Japan, copyright is usually

his autograph. When he asked for her

owned by the publisher so Malaysian

name, she looked at her father because

artists do not receive royalties after they

the manga was his. “It was then that I

have stopped working. Wong reveals,realized her parents had introduced my 150

120 “You have to find a balance between

what you and the publisher earns. I
think it all boils down to mutual un-

manga to her,” he smiles, happy that
his work has touched two generations.
(by John Chiam)derstanding and respect. However,convert「転向する、改宗する」 Malay「マレー語」マレーシアは多民族、多言語国家で、マレー、華人系（約 24％）、インド系（約 8％）の人口構成比となっている。公用語はマレーシア語（マ系（65％）
レー語）で、準公用語として英語が使用される。中華系住民は中国標準語を使用し、インド系の多くはタミル語を母語としている。 drain「徐々につきる、干上がる」

Notes

12

Reading for General Information
本文を読んで、各セクションの内容を下の選択肢から選びましょう。

1. An expanding manga market
2. Home-grown creators of manga in Malaysia
3. Facts about Malaysia’s manga industry
a. The situation regarding manga copyright and other constraints
b. A new generation of manga fanse. Japan’s popularity in Malaysia
f . Working conditions of Malaysian
manga creators

c. A freelance manga artist who taughthimself

h. A female manga writer from Malaysiad. Bringing happiness to present andfuture generations

i . A manga writer who admires Fujiko
F. Fujio

g. Early manga history in Malaysia

Reading for Specific Information
本文をもう一度読んで、各質問に対する適切な答えを選択肢から選びましょう。

1. In Malaysia, what recent changes have happened to manga?
a. Companies in Hong Kong have started to produce them.
b. They have been translated for people in England, too.
c. Their popularity has spread to more than one ethnic group.

2. How many people attended the 2012 Comic Fiesta?
a. About 25,000

b. Exactly 49,000

c. Nearly 100,000

3. What is the target group of Kaoru Liew’s manga?
a. People that are interested in basketballb. Women who are youngc. All kinds of readers

4. In the field of creating manga, how is Ben Wong different?
a. He works full-time for a company and markets the manga comics he writes.
b. He writes his manga for free while facing business problems.
c. He uses online and digital technology and has control over his manga.

5. How does Keith Chong describe his everyday working life?
a. Intense, tiring and stressful

b. Relaxed and full of laughter

c. Creative but he feels like crying

Unit 1

136. In Malaysia who employs manga artists and has the copyright?
a. Publishers

b. Full-time editorsc. Veterans

7. Concerning copyright, what is Wong worried about?
a. With little incentive, young people will not want to become manga artists.
b. The balance in earnings between manga writers and publishers is always
equal.
c. It causes creators of manga to stop working after they receive royalties.

8. Why are there restrictions on manga content in Malaysia?
a. Because manga creators use bad language, have tattoos and smoke.
b. Because the country has different ethnic people with different religions.
c. Because religion is not important to most Malaysians.

Comprehension Check
次の英文には本文の内容に合わない箇所があります。間違いを正しましょう。

1. Famous Malaysian manga artists such as Kaoru Liew and Ben Wong learned
how to draw at art schools.
2. Manhua is the translated version of Japanese anime.
3. Reading manga is relatively new in Malaysia and only young people enjoy it.
4. Most of the manga artists in Malaysia are independent from publishers.
5. For Keith Chong, making people laugh is as hard as making them cry.

Expressing Your Own Ideas
以下の質問に沿って、あなたの意見をまとめましょう。

1. Do you read manga? Name some of your favorite manga and explain theirbasic storylines.
2. What can be done to introduce Japanese manga to the world more? Discuss
your ideas with your classmates.

14