はしがき●はじめに
本書はBasic からIntermediateまで、広いレベル層の大学生を対象とした総合英語学習用テキストです。各章は私たちの身の回りで起こっている様々なトピックを中心に、ボキャブラリー学習、リーディング練習、リスニング練習、構造理解・会話表現の学習、そしてライティングとスピーキングによる意見表出といった、皆さんが英語技能の向上に必要な多くの練習を含んでいます。本書では、InputからOutputへという自然な流れの中で、日々起こっている身近な問題に対して皆さんがしっかりと自分の意見を構築し、それを英語で相手に伝えられることを最終的な目標としています。よって章を構成する15のトピックにはいずれも皆さん大学生にとって親しみのある、あるいは知っておくべき最近の世の中の動向についての内容が選ばれています。

●本書の基本構成と使い方
各章は以下の７つのパートから構成されています。
1. On Topic: Pre-discussion Questions
このパートでは軽いタッチの質問に対し、皆さんが日本語でクラスメートと意見交換をします。本題に入る前のウォーミングアップだと思ってください。
2. Focus on Vocabulary
ここではリーディングの読み物やリスニングの放送文に登場する難しい語句について学びます。各章、５から９個のボキャブラリーがmatching 形式の問題として出題されます。
3. Focus on Reading
このパートではその章で扱うトピックに関する最初のInputがリーディングのかたちで与えられます。内容的にはそのトピックについての一般論的な議論点・問題点が中心となります。皆さんはパッセージを読んだ後、４つの読解問題にチャレンジします。
4. Focus on Listening A : A Short Talk
このパートでは3. Focus on Readingで導入されたトピックがさらに具体的に展開していきます。例えば様々な統計的データ（数値）や、問題解決法あるいは今後の予測など、トピックについてより多くのInputが与えられます。皆さんは放送文をもとに選択肢問題やTrue/False問題にチャレンジします。
5. Focus on Listening B : Dialogue
ここではDialogue（対話形式）のリスニング練習をします。各章、ふたりの人がトピックについて話をしますので、皆さんはそれを聞きながら短めのDictationとその後の聴解問題にチャレンジします。
6. Useful Expressions
このパートの目的は英語の構造（文法）、および会話表現の習得です。3. Focus on
Readingおよび5. Focus on Listening B: Dialogueの中で使われる文法・語法や会話表現を覚え、練習問題を通してそれらを学習します。ここで学ぶ多くの表現は、次のパートで自己表現をする際に有用なものですのでしっかりと使えるように練習しましょう。
7. On Topic: Express Yourself
このパートには、トピックに関連した３つの質問が用意されています。質問の多くが皆さんの考えや意見を引き出すような問いですので、まずはしっかりとそれを英文で書いてみましょう。そしてその後、クラスメートとともに口頭で意見交換をしてみましょう。様々な人々の考えや意見を聞くことで、それまで思いもしなかった新たな発見があるかもしれません。
本書には上記７つのパート以外に、３章ごとにConversational Eye-openerというセクシ
ョンが設けてあります。ここでは会話をする際の注意点について、簡潔に説明されていますので参考にしてください。
本書は、上述したようにあるひとつの技能の上達に特化したテキストではなく、英語の力を総合的にアップさせる目的で作られています。その意味では具体的な使用用途として、例えばTOEIC! Test のスコアアップ、ディスカッションにおける意見の表出、会話体の英文への慣れなど様々なものが考えられます。皆さんが英語力のどの点を標的にしているとしても、本書は必ずやその目的達成の一端を担うものだと信じてやみません。本書が皆さんの英語学習の力強いサポートになることを心から願っています。

2006年10月
神谷雅仁
ティム・グールド

CONTENTS
CHAPTER 1 Welcome to College: Why Are You Here? / 1
CHAPTER 2 English in Elementary Schools: How Early Is Too Early? / 7
CHAPTER 3 The Internet: Are You Connected? / 13
CHAPTER 4 Gambling: Is It Worth the Risk? / 19
CHAPTER 5 Coeducation vs. Single Gender Schools: Which Is Better? / 25
CHAPTER 6 Our Environment at Risk: Can We Save It? / 31
CHAPTER 7 Double-income Households: Who Will Do the Housework? / 37
CHAPTER 8 Plastic Surgery: Too Much of a Good Thing? / 43
CHAPTER 9 Modern Life vs. the ‘Good Old Days’: Can We Turn Back theClock? / 49
CHAPTER 10 Looks vs. Personality: What Do You Think? / 55
CHAPTER 11 The Declining Birthrate in Japan: Where Are All theBabies? / 61
CHAPTER 12 The Japanese Seniority System: How Will Japanese Companies Adapt? / 67CHAPTER 13 The ‘Graying’ of Japan: Are You Ready to Retire? / 73
CHAPTER 14 Immigrants in Japan: How Many Are Needed? / 79
CHAPTER 15 Welcome to the World of Work: Which Job Is Right for You?
/ 85

CHAPTER 1

Welcome to College: Why Are You Here?

1. ON TOPIC: Pre-discussion Questions! Read the questions below and discuss with your classmates.

1. What comes to mind when you hear the word college ?
―「大学」という言葉から何を連想しますか。

2. When you were a senior (final year) in high school, was there anything particular that you wanted to do in college?
―高校３年生のとき、大学で具体的に何かしたいと思っていたことがありましたか。

2. FOCUS ON VOCABULARY! Match the following words with the appropriate meaning.
̲̲ 1. autonomy

a. stable, regular, consistent̲̲ 2. counterpartb. studying very hard̲̲ 3. fondly

c. independence, self-determination,d. not part of one s regular program of study, out-̲̲ 4. steady̲̲ 5. studiousside of class̲̲ 6. socialize

e. to make friends, to enjoy being with others

̲̲ 7. extracurricularf. someone in about the same situation as the peo-̲̲ 8. involveple being talked about
g. to engage in, to participate inh. with pleasant, happy feelings
13. FOCUS ON READING

2! Read the following passage and find the best answer to the questions below.

It is well known that a college education can provide you with abetter future by helping you get a better job and increasing the amountof money you can earn. College graduates also find it easier to change
jobs in order to have a more successful career. But are these the only
reasons you should continue your education after high school?
College is also a place where you can meet people with various
backgrounds and learn how to get along with them. In college, students
are treated in a more “adult” way. They have more freedom and autonomy than their high school counterparts, and that makes it possible forthem to focus on the things they are really interested in. They often
cooperate and compete to make their dreams come true.
So, besides learning from books, college is a place where you canreally learn a lot about life. Many college graduates fondly remember
their college years as the best years of their lives.
Questions:
1. How is college life different from high school life?
2. What does the passage say about changing jobs?
3. According to the passage, what are some advantages of attending college?
4. What do some graduates think about their college years?

2CHAPTER 1
4. FOCUS ON LISTENING A: A Short Talk

3

Listening Tips 聞き取りのポイント
ここでは、大学生がどのように自分たちの時間を使うかについて述べられます。まず最初に、大学への進学率に関する数字が示された後、勉強に集中する学生、クラブ活動に従事する学生など、様々な大学生像が紹介されます。
! Listen to the following talk and then find the best answer to each question

below.
Questions:
1. What percentage of high school graduates continues on to college?
a. 50.15%
b. 15.5%
c. 51.5%
d. 55%
2. How do the more serious students spend their time?
a. Enjoying college life
b. Taking long vacations
c. Socializing
d. Doing homework
3. Which of the following is an extracurricular activity mentioned in the talk?
a. Doing homeworkb. Attending classesc. Reading books
d. Planning festivals
4. According to the talk, which type of student spends a lot of time working
part-time?
a. One who focuses on out of school activities
b. One who focuses on sports
c. One who focuses on graduate schoold. One who focuses on entering college

35. FOCUS ON LISTENING B: Dialogue

4! Listen to the following dialogue and fill in the missing phrases.

Takeshi: I am so tired today. I can hardly stay awake.
Hiroko: Why? What (100000000000000000000000000000000) ?
Takeshi: Well, over the weekend I worked as a volunteer.
Hiroko: I see. What kind of volunteering were you doing?
Takeshi: I was teaching some children from Brazil (200000000000000000000000000000000) learning Kanji at elementary school.
Hiroko: Wow, that sounds interesting!
Takeshi: Yes, it is. It takes a lot of time and energy, but I feel really proud thatI have a chance to help them improve their lives.
Hiroko:(300000000000000000000000000000000) some volunteer work.

Takeshi: Oh? Why can’t you?
Hiroko: Well, I (400000000000000000000000000000000) to graduate school when
I finish college. I have to study so much that I don’t have enough time
to do anything else.
Takeshi: You’re a really good student, I think. Wouldn’t it be great if we hadenough time to do (500000000000000000000000000000000) ?
! Now, answer the following questions.

6. Why is Takeshi so tired?
a. He has been in graduate school.
b. He was tutoring elementary students.
c. He forgot to set his alarm clock.
d. He was volunteering to study for Hiroko.
7. What does Hiroko want to do after college?
a. She wants to volunteer at an elementary school.
b. She wants to study at a graduate school.
c. She wants to help Takeshi volunteer.
d. She wants to teach in Brazil.
8. Which has the closest meaning to “I can hardly stay awake”?
a. It is very difficult for me to go to sleep.
b. It is not hard to stay up late.
c. I don’t have time to take a rest.
d. I really want to go to sleep.

4CHAPTER 1
6: USEFUL EXPRESSIONS! Study the following sentence structures. Then, complete the practice sen-tences using the key structures and the words/phrases that are provided
below.
□ X is a place where Y V . . .

「 X（場所）は Y が〜するところである」

1. (travelers / a hotel / stay at night)
2. (read and study quietly / students / a school library)□ X provide Y (PERSON) with Z (THING)「 X は Y（人）に Z（物／事）を与えてくれる」

3. (their children / love and protection / parents)
4. (information about what is happening around us / newspapers / us)! Study the following sentence structures. Then, complete the practice sen-tences by writing your own information in the blanks.
□ X in order to V . . . 「〜をするために X をする」
*X：文（主語＋動詞）*V：Xをする目的を表現する動詞

5.

I am going to study more in order to 000000000000000000000000000000 0.

6.

You should get up early in order to 00000000000000000000000000000000.

□ X feel [EMOTION/FEELING (adjective形容詞)]

that SENTENCE (S主語＋V動詞) . . .
「（人）が〜することをXは［EMOTION/FEELING］であると感じる」*SENTENCE (S主語＋V動詞) にはEMOTION/FEELINGを引き起こす要因が入る。

7.

I feel angry that 000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000.

8.

They felt disappointed that 00000000000000000000000000000000000000.

57. ON TOPIC: Express Yourself! Read the following questions and write your responses to them. Then, shareyour answers in pairs, in groups, or with the class. Try to use the expressions
you practiced.
1. What do you think are some advantages of going to college?

2. What are your goals for the future?

3. How do you think college will help you reach your goals?

6