Disclaimer
This report was compiled by an ADRC visiting researcher (VR) from ADRC
member countries.
The views expressed in the report do not necessarily reflect the views ofthe ADRC. The boundaries and names shown and the designations usedon the maps in the report also do not imply official endorsement or
acceptance by the ADRC.

Ayuboowany(all living being may have a long life)

Disaster Risk Management
Mechanism in Sri Lanka
Country Presentation
byNuwan Madawan Arachchi
Visiting researcher
ADRC,, Kobe
2/09/2014
Assistant Director, (Preparedness Planning)
DisasterDit Management
Mt Center,C tColombo 07,Sri Lanka.

Glory of Sri Lanka

Overview of Climatology
Monsoon Season

FromToFirst Inter Monsoon

MarchApril

South West monsoon May

September

SecondNovember

Inter OctoberMonsoonNorth East Monsoon December

February

3000
2000
1500
1000

First InterMonsoon(Mar-Apr)

3000
2000
1500
1000

750

750
500

268 mm/ 14%

South-West
Monsoon (May(MaySep)
556 mm
30%

500

250

250

3000

Second InterMonsoon (OctNov)

3000

2000

2000

1500

1500

1000
750
500

1000

558 mm30%

250

Source: Jayatilake, H.M. et al, 2005

750
500
250

North-EastMonsoon(Dec-Feb)
479 mm 26%

Disasters in Sri Lanka
NaturalNt l HHazardsdTsunami
Flood/flash floodDrought
Landslide/rock falling
Cyclone/high wing
Lightning
Strom surge
Coastal erosion
TornadoForest fire
Wild Elephant attach
Biological hazard such as bird flue, dengue etc.
Man MadeD b
Dam
breachh treat
Chemical and industrial hazards
Fire

2001 – 10 districts affected Drought

N off effected
ff t d• Nofamily 370,541• Economic loss Rs~381
381,415,000
415 000

2003 May Flood andLandslideDMC

2004
13 districts directly effected35,000 lives loss, 12,000 were children
563 000 marooned people563,000
More than 100,000 houses completely
damagedMissing more than 5,000
5 000 people
Environment rapidly damaged
Coastal environment totallyy damaged
gInfrastructure damaged

P
Populationl ti Affected
Aff t d - 2011
January 2011
District

Date

February 2011

Affected
Families
People
8479
31910
926
3570

Date
1111

Affected
Families
People88874
3332633348
13141

Trincomalee
Matale1521

Anuradhapura

13

2849

11116

6

85000

200000

Polonnaruwa
BadullaVavunia
Nuwara Eliya
Kandy
A
AmparaPuttalamKegalleMannarMonaragala
Batticaloa
KurunegalaMullaitivu
Kilinochchi
Rathnapura
GRAND TOTAL

1313
13
21
15
21
15
13
15
13
13

2705
357
11141
111
541
120732108
4317
31145131

10842
1142
39069
447
2643
471556
324
18
1284
118
541688

13

498

1500

15

162
294092716
1117943

6
9
8
11
11
8
6
6
7
7
6
6
6
7
8

6011
2589
9875
694
334
81919
249
29990
4661350
104
18451
3733
7372576

21790
9660
25453
2480
1253
312890767
639948198
240366
399
59977
14895
241276510

Source : DMC - EOC

Lightning
Percentage of stations reported Thunder in each month
504540Freequency
y353025

2015

1050JanFebMarAprMayJunMonthJulAug

SepOctNovDec

2008 December Jaffna Flood Situation
NNoDi i iDivision

2007
Population(Census &Statistics)

N offNo
affectedPeople

Percentage offP
Affected
PeolpeNo off IDP
NCampsNo off people
Nl ini
IDP camps

1Delft

5 352
5,352

1 339
1,339

25

71339

2

Island South – Velanai

12,247

11,7069545117063

Island North – Kytes

13,74012,0218793705

4Karainagar

8 860
8,860

2 66
2,5662922257

5

Jaffna48,88915,527322590996Nallur

60,06628,31647224966

7

Valikamam South West – Sandilipay

56,91142,33674142154

8

Valikamam West - Chankanai

47,011

25,72455

316219

9

Valikamam South - Uduvil

51,00941,00880429679

10

Valikamam North - Tellippalai

24,01018,51677164125

11

Valikamam East - Kopay

71,09539,54056306078

12

Thenmarachchi - Chavakachcheri

55,47841,012

74

55

20209

13

Vadamarachchi South West Karaveddy

46,328

46,1189913589014

Vadamarachchi North – Point Pedro

43,525

10,17823235537

15Vadamarachchi East - Maruthankerney

16,3262,172

1352172

Disaster Information InventoryLegal Framework for Disaster Management (DM) in Sri Lanka

Sri LLanka
Sk DisasterDManagementMActA No.13
N 13 off 2005 wasenacted with legal provisions for instituting a disaster risk
management system in the country.
The Act provides for the establishment of the National
Council for Disaster Management (NCDM),) which is a highlevel inter-ministerial body chaired by H.E. the President andwhich provides direction for disaster risk management
activities in the country
It also provides for the establishment of DisasterManagement Centre (DMC) that will be the lead agency on
disaster risk management

Disaster Management Mechanism
National Disaster Management
Coordination Committee•Disaster Management Plan––National Emergency ResponseCommittee–––––

District Disaster Management
Coordinating Committee•

Sub Committees for Response––Divisional Disaster Managementg Committee
Coordinating

GN level Disaster Management
Coordinating Committee

National Disaster Management Plan
Disaster Preparedness andEmergency Response Plan
Early Warning Plan
Emergency Operation Plan
SOPs
Mitigation Plan
Rehabilitation and Reconstruction plan–––

Early Warning dissemination
Evacuation, Search & Rescue
Relief camps, Food and Security
Health and Welfare
R t ti off SServices,Restoration
iRReconstruction
t tiand Rehabilitation

Disaster Management
gCenter’s main responsibility
pyThThroughh countrywidet
id Mi
Ministries,
iti DDepartments
tt andd PPublic
bliCorporations, Provincial Council, Local Authority Administration; andDistrict, Division and Grama Niladhari administration; to enforce
coordinate and monitor activities related toHazard Mapping and Risk Assessment
Information Management
Disaster mitigation
Early warning dissemination
PPreparedness
dfor
f effective
ff i response at disaster
disituations
iiEmergency Operations Management
Management of the post
post-disasterdisaster activities after a disasterHazard Profile in Sri Lanka
In orderd to fulfil
f lf l thish requirement, in 20092009, Disaster
Management Centre (DMC) and United Nations
Development Programme (UNDP) initiated a hazard
profiles development process in collaboration with theg, which are responsible
pforrelevant technical agencies,
disaster mitigation activities of the country. Hence, it
was decided to develop nine hazard profiles of thecountry namely; CoastalErosion, Drought, Floods,Landslides, Lightning, Sea Level Rise, Storm Surge,
Tropical Cyclone and Tsunami.
TsunamiDisaster Mitigation Projects

Major Activities
Flood mitigation projects such as Major Canal cleaning,
culvertl t iimprovements,t Fl
Floodd wall,ll D
Dam SSafety
f t program,inundation map preparation…
IImprovements
t tto evacuation
ti routes
t andd roadsd to
t withstandith t dfrequent flood damages
P j t tto minimize
Projectsi i i lloss off lilives ddue tto animal
i l attacks
tt k(Elephants and Crocodiles)
S
Supplyl off D
Drinking
i ki watert andd establishmentt bli ht watert schemes
hto mitigate effect of droughts
L d lid mitigation
Landslideiti ti activities,
ti iti studies,t di removall off rocksk
Development of design guidelines to minimize the impact ofcyclones
l& strong
twindsi d on bbuildings
ildiEarthquake awareness, introducing building codefor newly construction houses
Based on the severity of landslide threat certificate
is issued byy the local authority
y for the pparticularareas for the construction.

Flood Mitigation Projects - 2007

Crow Island, Colombo

Wadduwa ,Kalutara

Mutwal Tunnel

Kimbula Ela ,Colombo

Drought Mitigation Projects - 2008

Improvement of water supply schemes,
Di t ib ti off water
Distribution
t ttanks
k andd BBrowsers

Improvement of water supply schemes,
Distribution of water tanks and Browsers

Landslide Mitigation Projects
Mitigation the affect of Landslide along theAthwelthota Diganna Road in Palindanuwara DS
area

Removal of dangerous rock boulders

Geological Investigation – Kandy District

Geological Investigation – Matale District

Infrastructure Establishment to Mitigate the Hazards due to attacks
from Crocodiles in Matara District

PREPAREDNESS & PLANNINGMajor Activities•

Preparation of disaster management plans for Districts, Divisional Secretary Divisions, Vulnerable Grama
Niladhari Divisions•

Coordinating with hospitals to conduct mass casualty handling exercises•

Preparation for guideline for National level to GN level drills

•••

•

•

Coordination and support to curriculum development for schools as well as higher education sectors of school
safety plan preparation
Development of guideline for all government and privet institutes for the preparation of DM plans including
business continuity plan.
C di ti with
Coordinating
ith theth Ministry
Mi i t off Education
Ed ti on preparationti off School
S h l DisasterDi t Safety
S f t Plans
Plf vulnerableforlblschools
Strengthening the emergency response capacity of Local Authorities by providing machinery and equipment
Supplying equipment such as megaphone, electric syron to vulnerable communities in Tsunami and landslide
prone areas

Preparation of GN level PlanKegalle

Preparation of disaster management district plansMataraCoordination with the Ministry of Education on preparation ofSchool Disaster Safety Plans for vulnerable schools

Supplying megaphones to vulnerable communities living in Tsunami and landslide
prone areas

Participatory Hazard Mapping to identify saferoutes and safe areas

Participatory Hazard Mapping in Vulnerable
Areas Communities

Community Evacuation Plans

Mock Drills to ensure response capacities

Evacuation
Mock Drills

Community
De-briefing

Disaster Management Plans••SSchoolh l Preparedness
PdPlans.
PlHospital Preparedness Plans for mass casualty transfer.

Coordinating with hospitals to conduct
mass casualty handling exercises

Capacity building for Local Authorities for
emergency response

School Disaster Safety
SchoolSh lsafety planfor all
vulnerableschools

TRAINING & awarenessAwareness Creatingg Materials
Printed posters in Sinhala, Tamil and English on tsunami,l d lid floods,
landslides,
fl d cyclones,
lli ht i underlightening
d GTZ funds.
f dPrinted cartoon books for children
collaboration with Practical Action((Sinhala & Tamil)) in

National Safety Day Celebration
26th December form 2008 to 2013

Multi Hazard Early Warning System inSri Lanka

Multi-Hazards Early Warning Dissemination System
PTWC

DOM

NBRO

Regional &International
Organizations
Government
Agencies, Criticalg&Agencies
Stakeholders
PoliceMedia & General
Public

NARA

DOI

GSMB

CCD

AtomicEnergyAuthority

Receiving Early Warnings

Radio Comm

Disseminationof Warning

Multi Hazards Early
Multi-Hazards
Warning Dissemination Unitof the DMC

Out Puts

SLT/ Dialog,
SMS
FaxInternet

Military

24 Emergency Operation Centerand 117 call center

UN System, INGOs,
NGOs
Provincial Councils
Divisional
S
Secretariats
i

Cell Broad.
Police Com

DDMCuDistrict Secretariats

Satellite com

Military ComWarningTowers

District Disaster Management Committee

Local Authorities

Divisional Disaster Management Committee

Police Stations
Village level DM Committees

Hospitals

DEWN
Radio / TV

Government Dpt.
NGOs, CBOs

Speaker Sys.

Bells / Sirens

Messengers

Riders / Cyclers

NEOP and SOP
SOP’ssDeveloping NEOP with all other relevant agencies

SOP’ prepared
SOP’s
d for
f eachh disasters
di t

1. Early warning towers
Working through SAT and VHF

HF /VHF network

6. Satellite communication will cover the entire country

Thuraya
Satellite phones

10. Disaster Early Warning Network (DEWN)

CellPhones- Cellbroadcasting- SMS

DEWN Alarm
Device59

DMC carried out a SMS systemy((DEWN)) incollaboration with Dialog Telecom Ltd

Local level EW Mechanism

El t i andElectricd manuall Sirens
SiMega Phone & Public Addressing Systems

Traditional

Community base Landslide Warning system
WITH THE COODINATION OF NBRO

Research topic
p in ADRC
C visiting
g scholar programp g
Studying on community based disaster
preparedness for Natural Hazards in Japan(Case study within the Hyogo prefecture)Th k YThankYou forf your attentiontt ti