Case studies of Advanced Construction and Demolition waste(CDW)
Recycling initiatives and technologies In JAPANAffiliation
Location
Position:
Name/Surname
e-mailMORI Forest Environmental Technology Laboratory Co. ,Ltd
7-6 odajima-cho,shinjo-city , yamagata Pref. 996-0071 JapanCEOMASATO MORI
e-mail:info@mori-kankyo.co.jp

Title

Bon Terrain Construction Method(High moisture content mudbank recycling system)

Theme
classification〇

Technology
development stage
Specific content

Prevention
Re-use〇 Recycle
Reduce Co2
LegacyBusiness to overseas
Etc.
〇 Practical use
Scheduled to be put into practical use by 2020Scheduled to be put into practical use after 2020
-Professor Hiroshi Takahashi of Graduate School, Tohoku University andthe MORI Forest Environmental Technology Laboratory Co. ,Ltd havejointly developed the Bon Terrain process. This process provides additional
characteristics, such as superior strength, superior earthquake resistance,superior durability, and others, to bottom deposits of dam pond by loading
and mixing the fibrous deposits improvement material, “Bon Fiber”,
together with fixation agent.
-Banking of rivers and dam ponds, to which this process had been applied
before the Great East-Japan Earthquake occurred, developed no crack andliquefaction damage the Earthquake actually occurred.

Appeal point-Contribution to recovery and reconstruction in the site of large-scale
sedimentation disasters that have occurred frequently
This process enables recycling of deposits left after tsunami as raw
materials into highly-functional ground materials, contributing thereby torapid restoration from disaster.
This environmentally-conscious process enables recycling of variousorganic deposits in the original locations while offering substantiallyfavorable impacts on the society.
Our efforts to promote “Monozukuri (manufacturing)” through cooperation
among academic, industrial, and governmental circles has been highly
evaluated and awarded the 6th Monodukuri Japan Prize in 2015.
This technology is expected to offer extremely high propagation effects
through significant contribution to the reconstruction and restoration oflarge-scale sedimentation disasters that are probable in the future.
Contribution to strengthening of the national land is also expected.
-Efforts to support overseas development of the new technologies
Major 2011 flooding of the Chao Phraya River in Thailand has caused
continuing flood disaster for more than a month.
Professor Hiroshi Takahashi, Graduate School of Tohoku University, theassociate developer of this process, and the staff of Advanced Construction
Technology Center visited Kasetsart University, King Mongku’s
University ,Pak Kred city in the neighborhood of Capital Bangkok. There,
they outlined the technology and performed publicly the laboratory
experiment using Thailand clay.
At suggestions of the Pak Kred municipal staff, this process was named Soil
Dike Super Fiber Method”to facilitate easy understanding of technology bythe Thai engineers.
We expect that our “Monodukuri Technology” will contribute to assistanceand aid for reconstruction overseas in the future.

-79-

NETIS registration No. TH-020042-V

High moisture content mudbank recycling system

Soil

Recycling all the “Construction pollutedsludge”, “Dredge soil”,
and “Soft soil” without
dehydration with using
used paperd Constructio
ecnTnvaNo

logy Centerhnoec

GoodCertified byAd

Bon Terrain
Construction
Method.1 7

Bon Terrain Committee-80-0 3 D e c. 2 0 0 5

What is Bon Terrain
Construction Method?
It is the construction method that improve polluted
sludge into earth fill and backfilling material whichhave superior strength property and high durability by
mixing “Bon Fiber” (crushed used paper) and fixationmaterial into high moisture content foundation madbank and fiber solidification treatment of dredged soil
like construction sludge, dredged soil, and soft soil.

①Input high moisture
content foundation madbank and fiber solidification
treatment of dredged soil.

②Input Bon fiber, thenagitate.

③ Add fixation material.

④Aggregated after addinghydro soluble polymer.

⑤Locate improved soil
temporarily, and then recycle.

You do not have toinstall dewatering
process and drainage
treatment equipment.

■It is possible to improve 500% of moisture
content like high moisture content foundation
mad bank and fiber solidification treatment ofdredged soil which needed dewatering process.
■It is possible to improve the soil with keeping
high moisture content foundation mad bank andfiber solidification treatment of dredged soil’ swater content. And it does not need to drain
away.
■You do not have to install dewatering process
and drainage treatment equipment.

-81-Dehydrater

No Discharged water

Drainage treatment
equipmentturemadationil.

The chance has come foran environment business.
●This construction method obtained “Construction technology screening certification” from
Advanced Construction Technology Center.
●This construction method was awarded “Construction engineering award” from Japan
Institute of Construction Engineering.
●This construction method was awarded “Minister of land, infrastructure andtransportation award” at “The 6th person of merit for industry-academic-government
combination implementation citation” which was hosted by Cabinet office, the ministry ofInternal affairs and communications, ministry of education, culture, sports, science andtechnology, and ministry of economy, trade and industry.

The feature of Bon Terrain
construction method■It is possible to transport high moisture content foundation mad bank and fiber solidification
treatment of dredged soil (500 of moisture content) promptly just after improvement by adding andmixing hydro soluble polymer.
■All you have to do is install attachment for agitating into backhoe without special equipment.
■Construction will be done in 30minutes for 1 cycle.
■Bon fiber and hydro soluble polymer are produced in proper production process and are safe
products.

Construction name: Urban area water space upgrading project Land creation of Haga pond area / Outline : Improving storage reservor soil
with Bon Terrain and recycling as banking material of Shinsui park-82-Superior strength character
It is useful to use Bon Terrain as ground material for the earthquake countermeasures which ispersistent to changing in shape because it is bigger uniaxial compression strength and breaking
strain compared with solidification treatment soil.

Superior strength character
Bon Terrain soil

Polarization microscopepicture

Bon Terrain soil (fixation treatment soil with fiber)
Soil improved with cement type fixation material

Compression stress

Bon terrain soil holds against changing in shape by starting
barreled change, and deploying of stress through fiber.

Solidification treatment soil

Polarization microscope
pictureCompressive strain

Obvious shear plane comes out, and fixation soil starts local
deformation concentration. After that, it will be broken by smallstrain.

Add 100kg/m of cement type fixation material into 150% of moisture content soil

Big breaking strain
Small deformation
coefficient

Persistent property

The material for the earthquake countermeasures
According to repeating triaxial compression exam, it was found that Bon Terrain soil has highdynamic strength. It means that it is hard to be liquefiable compared with solidification treatment
soil because Bon Terrain hardly increase express pore pressure.
Backfilled manholewith mountain sandwas raised byliquefaction byearthquake

Shaft and backfilling of open-cut part by Bon Terrain soil
The year 1999 Suka River public sewer west rainwater arterial , the 3rd construction-83-

Bund breaking by
North Miyagi
earthquake (NaruseRiver, Miyagi pref.)

Bon Terrain reform of soft soil deposited on anti-flood pond. Recycling asbund earth fill material The year 1999 Hamao area embankment construction

Highly durable reformed soil
It is useful to use Bon Terrain reformed soil as the highly durable ground material because ithas high durability to wet-dry repeating by climate condition and freezing and thawing.

Wet-dry repeating test
According to repeating wet dry test, we found that the test piece of solidification treatment soil iscrushed by cracking. However, Bon Terrain showed that it has high durability.
Degree of Soundness

Bon Terrain redormed soilCracking

DegreeLack

Outwardly mostly no change
Tiny and local cracking

Local Surface delamination

Partly obvious cracking

Missing part of the test piece

Entirely obvious cracking

Bigger cracking of the test piece

Partly or wholly falling of test piece
Totally falling and crashing of test piece, but it remains
Totally falling and crashing of test piece, but it is massive

After 10 cycle

DegreeTotally falling and crashing of test piece, but it is grain refinning and muddy

1st

2nd

3rd

4th

5th

6th

7th

8th

No change after 10th cycle

Solidification treatment soil

9th 10th

dry wet dry wet dry wet dry wet dry wet dry wet dry wet dry wet dry wet dry wetcrush

Explanatory note
Bon Terrain
Bon Terrain
Solidification treatment
Solidification treatment

After 2 cycle

Wholly crushed after 2nd cycle

Repeating dry and wet test: It is conformed with “Advanced process of construction sludge and Development of usage technique” which the former Ministry of Works Civil engineering Research
worked hand in hand with Advanced Construction technology center and 22 of private companies

Freezing and thawing test
According to the freezing and thawing test, it was found that solidification treatment soil isdecreasing in uniaxial compression strength, however, Bon Terrain showed high durability without
decreasing.
Testing method
Bon Terrainwater content 105%

Curing for 7 days after making
test piece
Single pressure strength

Melting for 12 hours at 21℃ after
freezing for 12 hours at -21℃ (1cycle)
Uniaxial compression test after
0,1,3,5,7,10,15 cycle

Bon Terrainwater content 150%
Solidification treatment
water content 105%
Solidification treatment
water content 150%

Cycle number-84-

Graduate shool of Environmental Studies Tohoku University
Experimental value of Hiroshi Takahashi (Professor) Laboratory

Recycling as low permeability material-5-6

Coefficient of permeability is k=10 ~10 cm/s, Permeability is extremely low and it is under the-5
level of k=10 cm/s which indicates water interception that fildam core material demands. It isusefule to use this as superior bund filling because of low permeability and no cracking byrepeating dry and wet test.
BEFORE

Example of construction
Construction name: Ohe area regional water function implementation
business (supplemental equipment and facilities
business) Yakushiga pond leakage prevention
construction
Promoter:Ohe-machi, Nishimurayama-gun, Yamagata Pref.
For the purpose of content securement,
Outline:reinforcement of dam body, and leakage
prevention of the storage reservoir, we improved
deposited sand which into Bon Terrain soil. Then
we recycled as earth fill of dam body.(Overq c = 8 0 0 k N / m2 o f S e c o n d c l a s s i m p r o v e dsoil, ,under 10-6cm/s of coefficient permeability )Chuetsu earthquake caused large
volume of soft soil. But it was improved
Superior Workability Niigata
in-situ, and activating surface compaction. Itmeans that this contributed to prompt disasterrecovery.

Condition of soft soil (around w=100%)

Improving by aggitating In-situ

Forming

No track while driving truck

Truck can drive after 4 hours
from construction
Construction name : Imogawa river channel blockade measurement construction / Promoter : Ministry of Land, Infrastructure,
Transport and Tourism Hokuriku regional development bureau Yuzawa Sabo office-85-

Permeability

Factually impermeable Exceptionally low

Available soil

Viscous soil

Low

Microscopic sand, silt
sand - silt - clay mixed soil

Improved deposited sand(k=6.02x10-5 cm/s) in storage
reservoir

MediumHigh

Sand and conglomerate Clean conglomerate

AFTER

New profile
Deposited soil

Old profile

Glass
Glass prevention effect of Bon Terrain soil reduced weeding
using for center divider and road shoulder filling. It
prevention effect byactivated
reducing road maintenance cost.
Just after construction

1 year after construction

Just after construction

1 year after construction

Construction name : The year 1994 primary distributor Tendo-Sagae line street improvement construction
Promoter : Murayama branch, Yamagata Pref.

-86--87-