M3

Activity of the Department of Engineering and Technical Services

Activity of the Department ofEngineering and Technical Services【DETS】

Hiromi.Hayashi
1Evaluation Perspectives of "DETS

Outline1. Overview of the DETS
2. Evaluation Perspectives on "DETS
3. Activities of "DETS
4. Summary2

Organization of DETS
Fabrication Technology Division
・Parts and Material Section
・Electronic Engineering Section
・Mechanical Engineering Section
・Machinery Maintenance Engineering Section
Device Technology Division
・Device System Engineering Section
・Power supply Engineering Section
・Vacuum Engineering Section
・Experimental Application Engineering Section

Department of Engineeringand Technical Services

Plasma Heating Technology Division・Heating System Engineering Section
・Particle Heating Engineering Section
・Electron Heating Engineering Section
・Ion Heating Engineering Section
Diagnostics Technology Division
・Radiation Measurement Engineering Section
・Experimental Radiation Measurement Engineering Section
・Environmental Radiation Measurement Engineering Section
・Radiation Measurement Instrumentation Control Engineering
section-As for the research activities in NIFS, there are three research projects, that is, LHD
project, numerical simulation reactor project and fusion engineering research
project.
DETS is allocated directly under the leadership of director-general.
DETS supports the 3 research projects with 5 divisions and 20 sections, with 58
staff members.
DETS also supports the health and safety management division and informationand communication systems division, but main contribution is to the LHD project.

・Control Technology Division
・Integrated Control Engineering Section
・Control Information Engineering Section
・Cryogenic Control Engineering Section
・Information Infrastructure Engineering Section

DETS Organization

5 Divisions (Manage)
20 sections(chief)
Technical Staff :total 58 members

3Evaluation Perspectives on "DETS

1) Has the DETS contributed to the preparation and implementation of the deuterium
experiment (plasma performance improvement) in the LHD?
2)．Has the DETS contributed to the maintenance and utilization of the research platform
in NIFS?
3)．Are safety and health initiatives sufficient?
4)．As an Inter-University Research Institution, has the DETS conducted technicalcollaboration, exchange, and cooperation with universities and research institutes?
5)．Has the DETS utilized its technical experience and knowledge accumulated so far, forindustry-academia collaboration activities?
6)．Is there an environment that supports the autonomy of individual technical staff
members, together with a systematic effort to improve and to pass on techniques?
4Evaluation Perspective（１）(1) Has the DETS contributed to the preparation andimplementation of the deuterium experiment(plasma performance improvement) in the LHD?

5

LHD and peripheral equipment DETS is involved in
Environmental Radiation
Monitoring System

Fuelling system
Gas paff, pellet injector

・LHD central control system
・LHD-LAN・Super-conducting coil
power supply
・Cryogenic system

・Water cooling system (LHD system)
・Plasma vacuum vessel

Plasma Diagnostics
・Radiation
・Electron Density, temperature・Ion Temperature・etc.

Plasma heating system
・NBI, ECH, ICH
・Water cooling/heating system
・Motor Generator

Evacuation system
Vacuum Pump

Radiation control system
・Radiation control
・Radiation monitoring system

ＬＨＤ（Large Helical Device）

Detritiation System

Data acquisition system
・ADC
・storage・web portal

From gas fuelling to exhaust, and from the plasma production, heating, diagnostics to data acquisition andstorage. Another important task is the environmental and experimental radiation control. We also operate thedetritiation system.

6

Preparation and implementation of the deuterium experiment in the LHD
FY2012FY201317th
Campaign(Hydrogen)

FY2014FY2015FY2016FY2017FY201819th Campaign(Deuterium)

18th

Campaign(Hydrogen)Upgrade for Diagnostics

Installation of Safety Equipment

Preparation of Safety Operation manuals
and Training

Commissioning for D-exp.

Modification of Building and Facilities

In-situ calibration of NFM（契約締結）
Conclusion of Agreement

Legal Licenses

20thCampaign(Deuterium)

Update of Legal License•Estimation of shielding performance•Radioactivation calculation•Application

Modification of
Building and Facilities•Preparation of controlled area
•Shielding of equipment and torus hallUpgrade for Diagnostics•Installation and calibration of Neutron Flux Monitor

Installation of Safety
Equipment•Exhaust gas system•Integrated radiation monitoring system•Access control system with ITV in the controlled area
•Air, exhaust gas and drainage monitoring system•Radiation management of vacuum Vessel

Improvement of
Manuals and Training•Operation manual, radiation management manual•Tritium safely handling course

Deuterium experiments aiming for higher plasma performance started in March 2017 (19th Campaign).
Preparation for deuterium experiments started in 2012.
We prepared Legal licenses, Modification of Building and Facilities, Update Diagnostics, Installation of Safety
Equipment and Preparation of Safety Operation manuals and Training.

7

Preparation for the deuterium experiment(1)1. Integrated Radiation Monitoring System

2. Installation of Safety control Equipment

Outdoordetector

3,Access Gates with Security
QR Code authentication

4,Access control of vacuum Vessel (VV)SQRC seal are affixed on personal
dosimeters. Then, no one canenter the controlled area without
personal dosimeter.

VV accesscontrol system

VV environment
monitoring system

3H sampler for stack gas

Air monitors for torus hall

Stack gas monitor

Drainage monitor

Hand-foot-clothing
monitors

Drainage tanks

1. Integrated radiation monitoring system. Thissystem monitors all devices related to radiation
control.
2. Safety control equipment diagnostics.
3. Access gates toward the radiation controlled area.
4. Access control to the vacuum.
8

Preparation for the deuterium experiment(2)Neutron Shielding

１.3m thick concrete ceiling（Neutron shielding）

FC

LHD

Basement

Filling holes（Neutron
Shielding）

Penetration
Holes on the wall in torus
hall were filled with
polyethylene blocks andpellets

FC

Polyethylene
composite with boron（Neutron shielding）

LHD torus hall
2m thick concrete wall
（Neutron shielding）

In-situ neutron yield monitor calibration

Electronic device
Polyethyleneboron
composite
panels, andLead plates

FC
Rails in VV

Mobile body

Vacuum Vessel(VV) of LHD

Neutron Shielding: We filled the holes in the walls with polyethylene blocks and pellets, and shielded the electronics
In-situ Neutron yield monitor calibration: We assisted in situ neutron yield monitor calibration, installing rails formockup train to carry neutron source along the torus in the vacuum vessel. The train could be kept moving for 72 hours.
9Preparation for the deuterium experiment(3)Exhaust system of LHD
Vacuum pumps
for cryostat① Exhaust pipe
for exhausting non-tritium

Exhaust detritiation system

Vaporized
liquid nitrogen
Vacuum pumps
for vacuum vessel

Exhaust stackT2 concentration : zero
Flow rate : highT2 concentration : highFlow rate : low

to Japan radioisotope association(Molecular Sieves type)② Exhaust 2 pipes
for exhausting tritium
T2 concentration : low
Flow rate : highTritium monitoring system(Polymer Membrane type)
T2O

check/storage

Exhaust detritiation system is installed to reduce the tritium concentration in the exhaust gas.
Tritium is liquefied as T2O, and disposed of by the Japan radioisotope association.

10

Tritium handling training

LectureFacility tour

Practice

Practice

Practice

Completion certificate award

Training at the Hydrogen Isotope Research Center in Toyama University
In the tritium handling training in the radiation controlled area, DETS staff played the role of the instructor
17 training sessions were held until February 2020, and 92 staff members completed the training

11Evaluation Perspective（２）(2) Has the DETS contributed to the maintenanceand utilization of the research platform in NIFS?

12

Research platforms in NIFS
Approx. 34 platforms
Large Helical Device(LHD)

WorkshopParts ShopEngineering Researchfacilities

NIFS-LANSupercomputer

Web Systems
Development

Control Systems
Development

NIFS has three research platforms, which are LHD, engineering research facilities, and theSupercomputer
In addition, DETS also provides technical support to these research platforms, which are workshop,
parts shop, NIFS-LAN, web development, and control system development.

13

Contribution to the LHD project

Research Platform : LHD
Operation rate

LHD Operating Structure

Since 1998: 86.4%
Deuterium experiment (since 2017 ):92.1%

Experimental Schedule of LHD 23rd Campaign
2021

Year
Month

4

5

6

7

8

2022
9

10

11

12

1

2

3

MaintenanceVacuum Pumping (Vacuum Vessel)
Cooling of superconducting coils
LHD Plasma experiment

DETS has contributed to the maintenance and utilization of LHD.
58 DETS staff and 61 operators from private sectors are involved in the LHD operation.
The experimental campaign starts in mid-August and ends in February.
The averaged operation rate of LHD is 86.4 %, and 92.1 %, especially in deuterium experiment.

14

Fuelling, evacuation and in- vessel components

Research Platform : LHD
Management of vacuum

In-vessel components
Mo

Development of divertor module and its installation

Vacuum pumping system

Gas puff system

Occurrence of vacuum leak is minimized by managing
every open-close process with up to 400 flanges.

ne
D2 flowlong pulse plasma(about 4 min)long pulse plasma(about 4 min)Development of high-speed gas puff feedback system with FPGA

Maintenance of the scroll-pumps

DETS manages vacuum performance, maintaining fuelling system, pumping system, in-vessel components.
We also develop in-vessel components and control system.
Few (almost zero) air leakage has been detected in recent 10 years, which is due to full inspection for each flange
after closure.
Holds high vacuum conditions for six months.

15

Central Control System and Superconducting coil power supply
Central Control System

Research Platform : LHD

LHD Coil Power Supply Control System

DETS are responsible for operation and maintenance of the Central Control System and coil power
supply control system
16Cryogenic system

Research Platform : LHD

Reliable long-term operation
Annual inspection as required by law
Management of Automated operation procedure
Daily inspections on about 400 items, especiallyfor mechanical components
Redundant system for safe and reliable operation,e.g., CPU, LAN, and I/O

Cold mass: 820ton

Deuterium
Experiment(19th)

23 Experimental Campaign
LHD Cryogenic System

4.6 Months
26 days

20 daysThis system cools 820 tons of superconducting
coils and supporting structures down to 4.4K inabout 1 month, and keeps the cryogenic condition
stable for about 4.6 months. It takes three weeks
for warming-up.
The LHD cryogenic system has a high operating
rate of 99.2%.
17

Plasma Heating Devices
Plasma heating Devices
ECH

ICRF

Research Platform : LHD
Maintenance

Development

NBI

Cooling Water Supply

Power Supply

Operation
NBI ion source
ECH Injection Interlock System

DETS operates, maintains, and manages ECH, ICRF, and NBI including ion
source.
In addition, we maintain the cooling water system and high voltage power
supply system.
Interlock systems are also developed
Parameter Input Screen

18Plasma diagnostics
FIR laser interferometer

Research Platform : LHD
HIBP （Heavy Ion Beam Probe）

Thomson Scattering System

Development of ionsource for HIBP

Access control system for the laser room

DETS operates, maintains and develops most of diagnostics in LHD.
We have contributed to the improvement of the diagnostics for accurate signals.
To ensure the safety in the laser room, we installed an access control.

19

Engineering Research Facilities

Engineering Research Facilities

Electron beam heat load test device（超高熱負荷試験装置）

・Liquid blanket experiment collaboration platform
・Creep Testing Machine・Hot Isostatic Pressing(HIP)・Active Cooling Test-stand 2 (Electron beam heat load test device)・Ion Bram accelerator
・Field Emission Scanning Electron Microscopy(FE-SEM)
・Transmission Electron Microscope(TEM)
・Focused Ion Beam/ Scanning Electron Microscope (FIB-SEM)
・Development of large-current HTS conductors for fusion device
・Test Plasma by Direct current discharge(TPD-2)
・Neutral Beam Injection Test-standetc.

透過型電子顕微鏡（TEM）
集束イオンビーム／
電子ビーム加工観察装置（FIB-SEM）

DETS operates and maintains engineeringresearch facilities, which are utilized todevelop high heat flux components, materials,
superconducting coils for future fusion
devicesIon Beam accelerator for Analysis（イオンビーム解析装置）

Development of large-current HTS
conductors for fusion device
（

）

20

Supercomputer and data facilities
・Supercomputer (Plasma simulator, RAIJIN)
・LHD Data Acquisition System
・Analyzed Data Server
・Numerical Atomic and Molecular Database
・SINET・Virtual Reality System

LHD Data Acquisition System

Large HDD storage system
DETS manages Supercomputer and data facilities
system technical support
User management
Data acquisition system of university experiments are also supported by NIFS.
Acquired data are store in NIFS and can be used with the same manner.
21

Workshop（ Mechanical fabrication/Electronic fabrication）
Ordered by NIFS staff and university collaborators
inexpensive, quick delivery, special request available
Accept 100 requests per year.
F.Y 2020

Machining parts

Electronic circuit module and equipment

74

279

43

121

Universities

27

182

26

77

etc.

15

21

7

7

116

482

76

205

LHD

13

23

14

23

Universities

4

23

0

0

etc.

0

0

1

1

17

46

15

24

133

528

91

229

Total

Notch Filter

35ch PN-Photo Diode
Array Amplifier

Microwave power
amplifiercontroller

Electronics

Total
Total

Focusing Mirror

Number ofparts

RequestLHD

Machining

Miter bend for
microwave
transmission

Number ofparts

RequestWorkshopF.Y 2021

Production parts total number (FY.2020 FY.2021)
DC Offset Canceller

22Central Parts Shop

click

Parts data book
Central Parts Shop

Electronic data book

年度 F.Y

2012

2013

2014

2015

2016

2017

2018

2019

2020

2021

出庫点数

23620

19928

21314

12711

19888

12321

13660

10541

13526

8813

Number of deliveries by year

Central Parts Shop can promptly provide about 1400 kinds of parts.
All Inventory control, accounting, specification data book is electronic.
23

Development of control system
DETS has developed control systems for each device on each platform.

Liquid blanket experimentcollaboration platform
熱・物質流動ループ装置

IPD（Impurity powder Dropper）
不純物ダストドロッパー

Controllers: PLC, FPGA, Card Readers, etc.
Language: Visual Basic, C/C++, HDL, Ladder diagram

PELLET（ICE pellet injector）
固体水素ペレット入射装置

24

NIFS-LAN
NIFS-Campus network

LHD-LAN
Isolated network for LHD
experiment to keep safe operationand experimental data.

DETS operates and maintains the network infrastructure, responds to security incidents, andprovides user support to the NIFS staff and collaborators.

25

Web system development
NAIS (NIFS Article Information System)

論文情報システム

Radiation Worker Registration Application System

Whereabouts Management System

NIFS Collaboration Database system (Nicollas)
共同研究情報データベースシステム

共同研究・共同利用申請システム

NOUS（NINS Open Use System）

We have been worked for both of ‘Nicollas’ and ‘NOUS’
project as technical key members

DETS has developed many web
systems by utilizing our advanced
technical capabilities in information
processing and web development
technologies.
NAIS (NIFS Article Information
System) and NOUS (NINS Open Use
System) are highly regarded.
26

Evaluation Perspective（3）(3) Safety and health care initiatives sufficient?

27

Contributions to Safety
Involvement in Division of Health and Safety Management
57 DETS members belong to Division of health and Safety
Promotion, and 3 heads of 10 offices are from DETS.
Machinery and Equipment Management Office
Hazardous Substances Control Office
Radiation Safety Control Room

Safety Management at LHD
LHD fire extinguishing drills are conducted
twice before the start of the experiment.
DETS members act effectively in an
emergency with designated roles, especiallysome of them contributing to the activity as
the group leader.

Division of Health andsafety Management

LHD fire extinguishing drills

28

Information Exchange on Occupational Safety and Health meeting
institute are reported
・ Activities at universities and institutes ,- firefighting team- safety and health patrol- working environment management- chemical substance management

Meeting history

DETS annually holds "Information Exchange on Occupational Safety and Health Meeting”.
Initiatives, activities and issues in occupational health and safety in each institute are reported.
Participated from universities and research institutes, e.g., technical staff, administration staff, researchstaff, health consultant, etc.
A forum to exchange opinions is extremely valuable.

29Evaluation Perspective（4）(4) As an Inter-University Research Institution, has
the DETS conducted technical collaboration,exchange, and cooperation with universities andresearch institutes?

30

Technical Exchange Program
DETS hosts and manages Technical Exchange program
purpose of this exchange is to share and improve techniques each other, throughdesign, products and computer programs developed by engineers from universities
and research institutes.
They come to NIFS for training, equipment development, technical consultation,and technical presentations.
10 Technical Exchange Items.

1，NC machining technology
2，Electronic circuit technology
3，Numerical simulation technology by finite element analysis software "ANSYS
4，Vacuum technology
5，Mechatronics technology
6，Radiation measurement and environmental radiation monitoring technology
7，Cryogenic technology
8，Computer-aided measurement and control technology
9，Safety and Health Management
10，Organization of technical staff

Organization of technical staff

NC machining technology

F.Y

Number of
exchanges

2012
2013
2014
2015
2016
2017
2018
2019
2020
2021

2
1
4
4
2
4
2
3
2
2

Number ofparticipants（Outside theInstitute）
61
34
30
39
51
40
51
43
69
84

University

NIFS

3D-PRINTOR

Research Institut
31

Technical Exchange Program
Numerical simulation technique with finite
element analysis software "ANSYS
Further improving numerical analysis technique
F.Y

Number of
Oral
presentations

Number of participants

2017

5

170(Technical Workshop)

2018

7

33

2019

8

28

2020

7

40

2021

7

45

Magnetic shielding analysis
Wide range of technical fields
Environmental
Air conditioning
ElectricalElectronic equipment
Energy plants
Nanotechnology
Semiconductors
Fuel cells
Chemical processes

First wall thermal analysis(Vacuum vessel of LHD)

Control cabinet
modal analysis

Through discussion, they improve their analysis techniques.
This program is not limited to the field of fusion, but to wide range of technical fields
Wide range of the field: structural, thermal, fluid, electromagnetic, and modal analyses.
32Symposium on Technology in Laboratory
This is a symposium where technical staff from universities, research institutes, and technical colleges inJapan make presentations on development, maintenance, improvement, and upgrading of experimental
facilities and equipment, as well as a wide range of technical activities.
As an Inter-University Research Institution, NIFS hosts it every few years.
DETS presents about 10 papers every year

Host Year

Presentations

1991/3/19-20
1994/3/23-24
1997/9/11-12
2002/3/14-15
2008/3/10-11
2014/3/13-14
2018/3/1-2
2022/3/10-11

285
273
284
407
287
268
170
253

Presentations（Oral Poster）
79
78
78
131
97
92
71
35

Symposium held in NIFS

33

Technical Cooperation to Universities and Research Institutes
Year
2013
2014
2015
2016
2017
2018
2019
2020
2021
2022

Number of technicalcooperation
6
7
9
10
5
1
11
9
10
9

Number of technical cooperation
Contribution to plasma experimental devices at universities by utilizing numericalanalysis technique in NIFSFUKUI University
Mirror fabrication

KYOTO INSTITUTE OF TECHNOLOGY
Machining of coils for RELAXTSUKUBA University
Circuit Fabrication

DETS has provided its accumulated
technical experience and knowledge sofar, to universities and research institutes
as technical cooperation (joint research).
DETS contributed to the development ofplasma experimental devices inuniversities by utilizing numerical analysis
techniques, mechanical machining, andcircuit machining.
34

Technical Cooperation to Universities and Research Institutes
Educational activities
DETS provides a wide range of technical support to researchers, engineers, and students
in universities and research institutes, including fabrication techniques, vacuum
techniques, and techniques related to cryogenic technology.
DETS has also provided accumulated technical experience and knowledge for education.

Safety patrol and safety lecture (Kyushu University)
Vacuum pump overhaul and vacuum lecture (Tokyo University)
Numerical Analysis Technology to universities

35

International Technical Cooperation

NIFS and Southwest Jiao tong University of China started design studies in 2017
on the CFQS, which will be the world's first quasi-axisymmetric helicalexperimental device. The DETS has provided technical cooperation in device
design, power system design, etc. The project has improved the technical skills ofyoung staff in both sides.
DTES has been developing a simulation model of the superconducting magnet
cooling system under a technical agreement with ITER Organization in 2011,
based on the experience of LHD cryogenic system operation and its dynamic
simulation.
DETS had provided a TESPEL injector for Wendelstein 7-X device in Germany.

TESPEL injector
German magnetic fusion experiment device, Wendelstein 7-X

36

NIFS operates lending service, supported by DETS
Researchers
Universities
Research Institutes

NIFS
Department of
Administration

NIFS-DETS
Technical Staff

About 23 Items

Request to send

Apply for borrowing

High Speed Camera

Thermography

Quadrupole mass analyzer
Network Analyzer

Application HP

DETS lends diagnostics to universities and research
institutes.
DETS staff checks, stores, inspects, replaces
consumables, and repairs the equipment.

Repair of Quadrupole mass analyzer by Technical Staff

37

Evaluation Perspective（5）(5) Has the DETS utilized its technical experienceand knowledge accumulated so far, for industryacademia collaboration activities?

38Industry-Academia Collaboration
Dissimilar Metal Bonding Technique

NIFS

Toho Kinzoku Co., Ltd

Plasma heat flux

TungstenBrazing material

Cu alloy
Water

Application to fusion devices

Academia-Industry
Partnership(Sep., 2017~)
Application to industrial devices

DETS has utilized knowledges, accumulated in fusion research, for social implementation, throughindustry-academia collaboration

39

Commissioned research with private sector
Shielding performance analysis of magnetic shields

Seismic performance analysis of cooling system and control panels[gauss]Year/Month

Title of commissioned research

2018_4

Shielding performance analysis of magnetic shields

2018_11

Shielding performance analysis of magnetic shield

2019_11

Seismic performance analysis of cooling system

2020_3

Seismic performance analysis of power supply panel

2021_3

Seismic performance analysis of power supply panel

2021_9

Seismic performance analysis of control panels

DETS has responded to requests for technical assistancefrom the private sector with our accumulated know-how.
These numerical simulations are technologies that the DETS
has been analyzing since the construction of the LHD.
We obtained external funding and used it to improve thetechnical skills of technical staff, introduce the latest
hardware, and provide training for application software.
40

Evaluation Perspective（6）(６) Is there an environment that supports theautonomy of individual technical staff members,
together with a systematic effort to improve and topass on techniques?

41

Human Resource Development and Technology pass and Improvement

Human resources are needed to design and develop next-generation reactor.
Need personnel who can work in a wide range of technical fields
Specific Activities
１.Conduct technical (software and hardware) training in NIFS.
２.Participate in technical training outside NIFS to introduce new techniques.
３.Encourage the acquisition of qualifications
４.Actively participate in joint research and international conferences to present activities

ANSYS・3DCAD Training Sessions

LabVIEW Training Sessions

42

Environment that supports the autonomy of individual technical staff
members

The Project by NINS "Mission Realization Strategy Project”

JST:科学技術振興機構
Program Managers (PM)Unutilized biomass

Biomass activated carbon

We aim to create biomass activated carbon
and implement it in society by generalizing
the advanced technologies developed fromfusion science research.

To ITER from NIFS

ECH：Microwave Technician

Training personnel who can conceive ofadvanced technological development.
One employee was selected for the"PM Development and Promotion Program"

DETS staff conducted research on the development ofactivated carbon.
One of staff member of DETS is selected for the "PM
Development and Promotion Program".
ECH operation technician transferred to the ITER
Organization with the skills he developed at NIFS.
DETS is supporting the autonomy of the technical staff.
43

Summary
DETS has contributed to the progress of LHD research and the realization of the highavailability of LHD. This is the result of the performance of the DETS as a technicalprofessionals working on a single goal.
For the preparation and implementation of the deuterium experiment, personnel forradiation-related work were properly reallocated with a long-term vision.
Deuterium experiment started as scheduled and subsequent experiments were also
conducted smoothly, which produced significant research results.
The framework of technical exchange and technical cooperation was utilized toparticipate in interactive joint research with universities and research institutes,
contributing to the activation of fusion research.
The LHD project will end in FY2022; DETS will continue to support the platform todevelop research activities.
Transferring accumulated techniques have successfully been performed by internal
education and trainings
44Thank you for your attention.

24th LHD experiment campaign

180,000th shot
October 6, 2022

45