Sustainability Report 2019
Toward a Sustainable Campus

Greenery for
You and Us

Sustainability Report 2019
Toward a Sustainable Campus

Greenery for
You and Us
The Hokkaido University Sapporo Campus is described by many as a pleasant place with lush
greenery. What does greenery refer to?
Leafy trees, green spaces with ﬂowers, surroundings with birds and insects, or a place where residents can relax? Is the greenery of Hokkaido
University exclusively for use by the university?
What is its value for you and me?
Again, we would like to consider the greenery of
Hokkaido University

CONTENTS［Message from the Executive Director］

02［University Outline Special Topic］
Hokkaido University in Numbers

03［TOPICS］

16

04［Special Feature 01.

Creation of a Sustainable Campus］

18○Sustainable Laboratories: Debriefing Session for

19

Energy/Resource Saving Measures Dedicated to05［Special Feature 02.

Experiment Facilities○Efforts for Energy Saving and Environmental

09

HOKKAIDO UNIVERSITY Sustainability Report 201920

Load Reduction○Changes in Environmental Data / Material Balance01

17［Movements toward theArchitectural Excellence and Contributor

Grazing and Hokudai Marche Café & Labo］

13○Sustainability Education［1］Typhoon Jebi ／［2］Hokkaido Eastern Iburi Earthquake

Excellence Given at the Seismic Retrofitting

City, Campus and Green Spaces］○Highlights of Cutting-edge Research［Response to Disasters ］

Earthquake-resistant Architecture Award ofCommendation［Research and Education Topics］

21

Messagefrom the Executive Director

Message from the Executive Director

To realize a sustainable world,
Hokkaido University contributes
to the resolution of
global issues
Executive Director
Sustainable Campus Management Oﬃce

Kazushi MINAKAWA

Hokkaido University is an institute comprised ofThis Sustainability Report features themore than 20,000 faculty members and stu-greenery and farms of the Sapporo Campus.

dents. The university has recognized its direct

These create a valuable field for research andand indirect influence on the community and theeducation on flora and fauna, provide a place of

global environment, measured environmental

relaxation for nearly two million residents in theload quantitatively and promoted energy-saving

center of Sapporo and function as evacuation

programs on a daily basis.

area during disasters. I hope this booklet will

Concerning international trends, the UN

help each reader reconsider the importance ofWorld Commission on Environment and Develop-

handing down the ecological environment of thement advocated the concept ofcampus to future generations.

sustainable

in 1987, and educational insti-

In 2018, Hokkaido experienced record-break-tutes adopted a number of declarations to pro-ing typhoon Jebi and then the Hokkaido Eastern

mote sustainability from the 1990s to the 2000s.

Iburi Earthquake before we confirmed the

The Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs)

damage rendered by the storm. This booklet out-

were adopted at a UN summit in 2015, acceler-lines the university s response to these disas-ating these movements toward a sustainable

ters, such as the confirmation of damage by fac-

world. Against this backdrop, contribution to theulty, as well as efforts for recovery and volun-

realization of a sustainable society through edu-tary support activities by students.

development

cation and research and the promotion of envi-

I hope this booklet will help people under-ronmental load reduction on campus are twostand the efforts of Hokkaido University to use

critical points for the university to fulfill its

its vast campuses to promote various activities

social responsibilities. With the Sustainable

toward becoming a university contributing to theCampus Management Office (SCM Office) estab-

resolution of global issues.

lished in April 2018 at its center, Hokkaido University actively promotes activities toward not
only a sustainable campus but also a sustainable
society.

HOKKAIDO UNIVERSITY Sustainability Report 201902

University Outline Special Topic■ Hokkaido University in Numbers
Ecosystem *ﬁgures in June 201933 13 228 21 1 36

Adult cows

Breeding cows

Parent chickens

Total area of research forests

Ewes

Ram

30

Lambs

Pigs

65,166 ha 700 1,847 143（Teshio, Nakagawa, Uryu, Tomakomai, Hiyama, Wakayama）

Number of plant species

Number of insect species

Number of bird species

Approx.

Following in the footsteps of Sapporo Agricultural College, the predecessor of Hokkaido University, it conducts diverse research,
contributing to Japanese dairy farming and the development of Hokkaido.

Management and maintenance
General waste（FY 2018, Sapporo Campus）

Number of vehicles that entered the premises❶Combustibles 7,159㎥＋❷RDF 799㎥＝（FY 2018, Sapporo Campus）

Total

❸

7,958 ㎥Compared with ﬁgures in FY 2015（base year）❶Up 0.6% ❷Down 56.4% ❸Down 11.1 The university
has worked on waste compaction since FY 2016.

Facilities and energy

855,390㎡
Total area of buildings（2018, all campuses）

2005: 767,818 ㎡, 2010: 807,934 ㎡, 2015: 854,463 ㎡
Buildings are added or extended as much as possible
for research and education.

Ratio of LED lights

19.4 %

766,226

The ﬁgure decreased by 36.7% more than that in FY 2010
（1,210,000）. The vehicle reduction target was achieved.
The manners of bicyclists are still an issue to be addressed.

Primary energy consumption

1,684,416 GJ（FY 2018, total of Sapporo Campus and Hakodate Campus）

It decreased 4.4% in comparison with 2012
（1,762,391 GJ）

Solar power generation amount（FY 2017）31,838 kWh
Conference Hall 13,050.99 kW＋
Faculty of Environmental Earth Science 18,787.60 kW =（FY 2018, Sapporo Campus）

Solar power generation at Hokkaido University started
at the Conference Hall in 2009.

Education and research
Hokkaido University in the SDG 9: infrastructure,indoctrination and innovation section

36

th in the world

In rankings published by The Times Higher Education, aU.K. educational magazine (released in April 2019), Hokka id o U nive r sit y ra n ke d 79 t h in S D G 13: clim a techange, 88th in SDG 17: implementation method and101st ‒ 200th in the overall ranking (4th among Japanese universities).
*This booklet describes SDGs: sustainable development goals on
page 21.

03

HOKKAIDO UNIVERSITY Sustainability Report 2019

Number of academic subjects
related to sustainability（FY 2018）

Number of donatedsecondhand books（2018）

A va riet y of s u bj e c t s a r e
p rovid ed,a nd systematic
program enhancement is
now being considered.

Donated secondhand books
are turned into money, which
is used to purchase librarymaterials and make facility
improvements.

914

7,616

TOPICSTOPICS

Corn Barn-Grain
Storage Barn

Earthquake-resistant ArchitectureAward of Excellence Given at theThreshing, Hulling and
Cleaning Room

Seismic Retrofitting
Architectural Excellence andContributor Commendation

Cart Scaling
Place

Seismic retroﬁtting ofimportant cultural properties at
the Second Farm of the Faculty ofAgriculture and the Museum at
Hokkaido University Botanic Gardens

Food
Processing
Plant

Model Dairy Barn- Stable with
Calving Pens, Cowpens
and Horse Stalls
Milking
Cow Barn

Milk Processing
Plant

Bull Barn

Farm Oﬃce

Structures
where seismic
retroﬁtting
work wasconducted thistime
Structures
where seismic
retroﬁtting
work isscheduled

Structures where seismic retroﬁtting
work was conducted（the Second Farm）【the Second Farm】【Museum at Botanic Gardens】

Located in the northern part of the Hokkai-

Located at the Botanic Gardens southwest

do University Sapporo Campus, this farmof Sapporo Station, this oldest museum inencompasses 12 structures built on theJapan was built in 1882 as a museum formodel farm for the development of Hokkai-

the Hokkaido Development Commissioner.

do based on the farm management concept

Six structures related to the Botanic Gar-developed by Dr. William S. Clark. It wasdens, including the office, Museum Store-

used for practical training until 1967, androom, Museum aviary and Gate House,

then designated as a National Important

remain there today.

Cultural Property in 1969.

Hokkaido University has worked on improving

the seismic retrofit of 12 wooden structures andthe medium- to long-term historic building main-

the preservation and repair work of 18 Import-

tenance system since 2004. Based on the five

ant Cultural Properties including the 12 wooden

evaluation indexes of history, obsolescence,

structures. It was conducted based on therisk, utilization and regional contribution, the uni-following policies:（1）To minimize the demolition

versity set its repair priorities and decided toof the structures and prevent damage to the

conduct seismic retrofit, preservation and repair

existing members,（2）to install removable mem-work for the Important Cultural Properties at thebers for reinforcement that are distinguishable

Second Farm and the Museum at Botanicfrom the original members, and（3）to avoid

Garden. The main construction work involved

impact on buried cultural properties.

This project was implemented over a shortmuseums and the Archaeological Research

period of time with the full cooperation ofCenter, as well as discussion at study meet-

researchers throughout the planning, design

ings. For its creative construction techniques,

and construction phases, such as the establish-

the university won the Seismic Retrofitting

ment of a committee comprised of members ofArchitectural Excellence Award at the 2018

the Architectural Course（primarily related to

Seismic Retrofitting Architectural Excellence

the design and structure of the university）, theand Contributor Commendation.

HOKKAIDO UNIVERSITY Sustainability Report 201904

Special
FeatureCity, Campus
andGreen Spaces
Professor Masahiro Ohara, who specializes in systematic entomology,
and Associate Professor Tetsuya Aikoh, who specializes in landscape architecture and planning,
manage the green spaces at Hokkaido University.
They talk about the meaning of and issues with having a campus full of greenery.

05

HOKKAIDO UNIVERSITY Sustainability Report 2019assets of the Hokkaido University Sapporo
Campus with lush greenery.
Ohara: One would be the Japanese elm trees thatyou find beyond the main gate. They are roughly
300 years old. The Sakushukotoni River Systemand the forest area are also valuable. Another isthe grass and farmland. The grassfield is generally
not considered important. In the vast farm to thewest of the northern campus, however, the grass isa habitat for various creatures including frogs.
Aikoh: I have almost no objection with thoseSpecial Feature 01
City, Campus and Green Spaces

Please choose three especially valuable

Tetsuya AIKOH
Associate Professor,
Research Faculty ofAgriculture
Fro m Ka go s him a Prefe ct ure. H estar ted working as a Research
Associate of the School of Agriculture
at Hokkaido University in 1993 andassumed his present post in April
20 08. His specialt y is landscapearchitecture and planning, especiallythe planning and management ofrecreational areas. He studies themonitoring and management of recreation in protected areas, and the
management of natural and city parks
in collaboration with the community
and residents. He served as the headof Management of Ecological Environment Working Group and is actively
involved in Japanese Association of
Natio nal Park S tu die s , M ountain
toilets in Hokkaido, as well as thed evelo p m e nt of p layg ro u n d s fo r
children.

choices. If I may add one, it is the people. Lushgreenery has been protected and utilized by people

Maruyama, but it is extremely low on flat land.

for nearly 150 years. As a result, we can study andWindbreaks, Hokkaido University, the Botanic

research in the rich surroundings with greenery

Garden and designed green spaces are the only

and living creatures. We greatly benefit from it, andgreen areas on flat land. It is difficult to convert

I think we are happy.

mental health to a monetary amount, but if youchanged the greenery of the university to concrete,

What is the value of greenery? What is theit would wreak considerable damage. The greenerysignificance of the university maintainingis also very effective in reducing a heat-island

green spaces in the city?

effect, while in the event of disaster, forests serve
as a buffer to mitigate damage. In that sense,

Ohara: As Professor Aikoh said, living amid

greenery is also essential for cities.

greenery has significant meaning for people in the

Aikoh: I took a taxi to go from the east of theuniversity. It has an immeasurable positive effect onuniversity to the west quite some time ago. The

our mental health. It is also good for Sapporo

driver said, The campus is in our way, so we haveresidents who jog or walk on the campus. Tokyo

to go a long way around. I am sorry. Some people

has the Imperial Palace and Meiji Shrine, which

may think the huge campus is an obstacle.

make Tokyo a city with a high ratio of greenery on

However, there are few parks around theflat land. On the other hand, the ratio of greenery inuniversity. Block parks, which are the smallest of

Sapporo is high in hilly areas such as Moiwa andthe parks to be established in cities, are in theresidential areas around the campus, but there areno larger parks there. That is why people come to

Masahiro OHARA
Professor, Hokkaido
University Museum
After working as a Research Associate
at the School of Agriculture at Hokkaido University, he has worked for the
Hokkaido University Museum since
2000. He assumed the post of professor and became the vice director in
2 011. H e i s r e s p o n s i b l e f o r t h emanagement of insect specimens in
the museum and their use for researcha n d ex hibitio n s . His s p e cialt y issystematic entomology, especially with
Histeridae of Coleoptera. In addition toentomolog y, he gives lectures on
museum material preservation andmuseum practice. He has introduced
Saturday citizen seminars, museum
volunteers, a parataxonomist training
course and the CISE network to themuseum, opening the museum to thecommunity.

the campus for running and walking. The campus isan asset for neighbors.

Is the greenery utilized for research andeducation?
Ohara: A faculty member of the School of
Agriculture conducts the following research.
Members of aphids add something that look likered fruit (called insect galls) to the leaves ofJapanese elm trees. Four or five kinds of insects
HOKKAIDO UNIVERSITY Sustainability Report 201906

Special Feature 01 City, Campus and Green Spaces

compete with other species or among same species

safety as the university campus. If someone getson a lea f. The ecology of the aphids varies

injured by a falling branch, the person may blame

depending on the time of sprouting of Japaneset he university for leaving t he dead branch.

elm. The green spaces are important for research

However, the university cannot guarantee theon global warming and climate change, althoughsafety of neighbors and visitors at the same level

some students just enjoy

as city managed parks. However, I hope that thebarbecuethere.

university is open to neighbors. I hope that people

Aikoh: Hokkaido University adopts a notification

feel close to the campus and use it as a place tosystem for surveys on animals and plants onearn a variety of knowledge and expenence and acampus. Approximately 30 applications forplace for recreation. I hope people enjoy on the

conducting a survey are made each year. The

premise that it is a university campus.

campus is an excellent place for research on
plants, insects, birds and fish. The School ofGreen space management must be a taxing

Agriculture benefits the most. I hear that in otherrole.

universities, they take students to the suburbs bybus for practice on farms. It takes too much time

Aikoh: In the past, the cutting of old poplar trees injust going back and forth between the university

front of Chuo Cafeteria attracted attention from notand the farm. In Hokkaido University, it is just a

only people in the university but also local people,

five-minute walk to an experimental place. In

causing controversy. After that, a system toaddition to animals and plants, there are also ruins,

manage trees, including their cutting, waswhich make the campus a valuable field forestablished. The university determines whether toarchaeological study.

cut trees on campus, but local people are alsointerested in the greenery of Hokkaido University.

Do you have any suggestions or requests for

We are thankful for people s interest and makethe use of green spaces?

decisions carefully though it takes time and effort.
Applying for permission is now required to cut tall07

Ohara: People recognize various things by seeing.

trees. Management of Ecological Environment WG,

In particular, seeing multiple insects and birds into which Professor Ohara and I belong, determines

nature as a child is very educational and essential

whether to cut trees. We check the site and thefor growth. This campus allows children to easily doreason and determine in team.

that. A survey shows that there are more than 800

Ohara: I haven t suffered much since managing

kinds of moths on campus, indicating the forest is

insects are ratherrich in biodiversity. It is good to use the campus for

economical. How-

educational observation and other events. When aever, bark beetle

sizeable Japanese elm tree fell in the 2004

infection occurred

typhoon, children climbed and sat on that tree. I

in Japanese elm

was surprised to see that only one tree attracted

trees in 2017. I

people and became the focus of so much activity. It

was worried thatmight be dangerous for children to climb a standing

all trees ontree, but personally, I think it may be OK if theircampus might die

parents accompany them.

down, but most

Aikoh: It is difficult, I can t say that. Considering

were all right inthis is a university campus, we cannot manage it

the following

like a park. That is what s bothering me the most.

year. Research-

No ground keeper checks the safety, so visitors

ers of mushrooms

are required to be responsible for their own safety.

and insects

We give the utmost consideration to ensure theexpelled the pests

HOKKAIDO UNIVERSITY Sustainability Report 2019

Special Feature 01
City, Campus and Green Spaces

Campus Master Plan. Nevertheless,this requires manpower and budget. I
doubt whether the university cancontinue to manage the campus alone.
It seems to be challenging to maintainit without cooperation with local
governments, companies, citizens andtourists.
Are there other issues?
Ohara: Seven or eight years ago, anfrom the trees with chemical agents based on sur-acquaintance who lives in Soen said, while looking

veys.

at the farm of Hokkaido University, I like thatenvironment, but I don t know what they do on the

What are the issues and ideal image of

farm. I told a faculty member involved with the

Hokkaido University Sapporo Campus?

farm about this, then a tour of the farm was given
to residents. Apart from the forest, people may

Ohara: Considering the use of the limited space,doubt whether the farm is a research facility. It is a

we want to preserve the greenery, and togood idea to provide campus tours to residents toincrease buildings and research facilities at thegain their understanding towards the campus whilesame time. The City of Sapporo may hope tomaintaining green spaces and biodiversity.

maintain the greenery of Hokkaido University.

Although it is not a Satoyama landscape, this area

Then the university cannot build structures. If themaintains the way it was as a village. I hope we canCity of Sapporo buys green spaces and offers its

cherish not only trees but also the grass andland for buildings, it becomes possible tofarmland.

preserve the existing green spaces. When

Aikoh: I feel the lack of communication bothconsidering only on campus, it is inevitable thatinternally and with outside of the university;

green spaces will be reduced. If you think of theespecially in terms of releasing information andgreen spaces as the properties of Sapporo,exchanging opinions. We have to hear many

Hokkaido, or city residents and citizens, you need

opinions and adjust to them. The Hokkaido

to make other choices. Natural surroundings the

University Campus has almost the same area as thecampus has is undoubtedly invaluable

Imperial Palace does, and it is said to have moreconsidering that there aren t many green spaces

insects than the Imperial Palace. Regarding theleft in Sapporo. we will feel regret If we don t

ecology in Hokkaido University Sapporo Campus,

protect them. Our predecessors have protected

we have intensively surveyed the forest locatedthis campus for nearly 150 years, we also hope

between the Institute for the Advancement of

to inherit it in good condition.

Higher Education and the Student Center for

Aikoh: I agree. I like to see happy families having

Extracurricular Activities for the past five to six

a picnic or kindergarten children playing withyears. The survey is to be completed this fiscal

nurses. I wonder how long we can maintain thisyear. There must be a sizable number of plants,

environment, with a sense of crisis. It is

insects and animals, including valuable species. We

necessary to rebuild buildings in line with thewill promote the results of the survey inside anddevelopment of education and research, but

outside the university and hear opinions on thethere are places to be protected. It is vital togreenery maintenance / management on campus.

divide areas to preserve and areas to develope,and to manage individual areas according to the
HOKKAIDO UNIVERSITY Sustainability Report 201908

Special
FeatureGrazing and
Hokudai Marche
Café & Labo
Although the scale of dairy farming is expanding, Hokkaido University maintains
small-scale dairy farming based on grazing. Some of the milk produced on the farm is soldat Hokudai Marche Café & Labo. In this feature, faculty members involved talk about thesignificance of having the farm, cowshed and café on campus.

Hokudai Marche Café & Labo(Operated by Hokkaido Agricultural Village Laboratory Co., Ltd.)

Opened on the first floor of the Hokkaido University Centennial Hall in November 2017. Its
concept is maintenance, honesty, fair pricing
and being suitable for the terroir. It intends toconvey the value of produce from Hokkaido andpreserve agriculture for the future.
※Hokudai Marche will be closed from September 24, 2019 toMarch 31, 2020 due to seismic retrofitting.

09

HOKKAIDO UNIVERSITY Sustainability Report 2019

Assistant Professor
Experiment Farm
Agro-ecosystem Research Station
Field Science Center for
Northern Biosphere
After graduating from Otani High School in Kyoto, he
studied at Hokkaido University/graduate school. He
worked as a researcher at the National Agriculture
and Food Research Organization and then assumed
a post at Hokkaido University in April 2007. After
serving as a specially appointed assistant professor
at the Creative Research Institution and at the
Research Faculty of Agriculture, he assumed his
present post in February 2015. Based on the cycleof soil-grass-livestock as the original form of dairy
farming, he conducts research aimed at sustainable
and eﬃcient diary production in Hokkaido. He
conducts research across Hokkaido. Having close
relationships with various organizations andfarmers, he aims at dairy farming harmonized withterroir in each region.

Special Feature 02
Grazing and Hokudai Marche Café & Labo

Tomohiro MITANI

but moved to the present place more than 10 years
ago. There was a plan to develop the northern
campus into a research park, and I was worried
that the farm might be pushed out of the campus. I
recognized the need to promote the farm.
What kinds of problems are there withlarge-scale farming?
Mitani: There will be no people in the area. One
large-scale management unit will raise many cows,
but there will no people nor schools. The community may collapse. Accordingly, I would like to showthat even small-scale management units can survive. With 1,000 cows, the management unit can

Please tell me why you got involved in theenjoy large sales of milk. Even if it achieves sales

launch of Hokudai Marche Café & Labo.

of 400 million yen, earnings will be only 40 million
yen with a profit margin of 10%. Farmers who raise

Mitani: The farm of Hokkaido University is in aabout 40 cows with self-supplied feed are expected

tough management situation. We thought about how

to have sales of approximately 30 million yen, but

we could sell milk at a high price and then started

some may make a profit of more than 15 million

Hokudai Marche Café & Labo. We also hope toyen. Which is more efficient? The latter is better

convey the value of milk produced in Hokkaido Uni-

from the perspective of dairy farmers. I hopeversity and let people know the existence of thesmall-scale management units will be able to sur-farm in Hokkaido University.

vive.

Is it good to promote the existence of the farm

What is the significance of having a cowshedin Hokkaido University?

on the campus of Hokkaido University?

Mitani: While traveling in Hokkaido to talk with

Mitani: Firstly, this is an educational facility andfarmers, I feel today s dairy farming may head in an

research facility. The School of Agriculture is on

undesirable direction. Most farmers seem to think

the Sapporo Campus. It is highly significant thatthat they should expand the scale of their opera-

they can practice and research nearby thetions, raise as many as 400 cows and hire employ-

campus. There are almost no dairy farmers who put

ees. I think it s all right for some farmers to growcows to graze in Sapporo. I think, however, weabout 50 cows. Hokkaido University s farm will be ashould preserve the scenery of cows on the grassplace that proves you can do farming on such aat the center of the city.

small scale. The cowshed used to be at Kita 19-jo

Café

Shop

Hamburger, curry,

In addition to Hokkai-

gratin and other hot

do University milk,

dishes, as well as

canelé and Baum-pudding, parfait andkuchen that are madevarious other sweets

using the milk, plus

are sold here.

soft-serve ice cream
made with Okoppe
milk, are sold here.
HOKKAIDO UNIVERSITY Sustainability Report 201910

Special Feature 02 Grazing and Hokudai Marche Café & Labo

Please give us an example of research on thefarm.
Mitani: The dominant view is that to increase milk
production per cow you should feed cows moregrain. In Hokkaido University, however, ourresearch focuses on grazing during summer andfeed self-supplied grass as much as possible. Everytime I presented this method at an academic conference, most people used to say, You are still on
that? These days, however, some people say,

● Research on the utilization of grass thathumans cannot eat
At Sapporo Agricultural College, they considered
how to utilize grass that humans cannot use
directly and researched under the concept ofagriculture centered on livestock farming facilities. So, their research focused on livestock production based on grass and how to milk. However,That is also necessary. I will continue to study

Japanese dairy and livestock farming drasticallygrazing. Almost no grain for livestock is produced inchanged in the 1970s. Concentrated feed import-

Hokkaido, and we import 100% of our grain. Half ofed from the United States, so-called grain, boosted

that comes from the United States. We should

the milk yield per cow. The milk yield, which had

remember this.

been 6,000 kg per 300 days at most, jumped to
10,000 kg. In those days, Hokkaido University

What is the main characteristic of Hokkaido
University milk?
Mitani: Its flavor changes with the season. Major
distributors hate that the flavor and constituentschange, but it is natural that the flavor of milk produced in grazing changes. Milk is a farm product, so
its seasonal change is natural. Promoting this fact
as a value may be a strategy. From a different perspective, you can evaluate the milk produced

produced 5,000 to 6,000 kg of milk and raised
about 50 cows. People repeatedly said, It s notmodern dairy farming.
For a while now, we have focused on grazing
during summer, both in terms of experimental
work and feeding management. However, justletting cows loose doesn t mean they feed on
grass. The nutritional value of plants varies
depending on the growth stage, so it is necessary

based on self-supplied feed as a higher-quality

to maintain grass at heights of 7 to 15 cm. This

product. How we should see and convey the quality

requires us to let cows graze rather than usof milk in the future is one of my research themes.

mowing the grass. You need skill to let 30 cows
loose in a specific area and maintain sufficient

What do you think of the futurechallenges ofgrass at such heights. Based on ample experience

Hokudai Marche Café & Labo?

of 30 years, today s young Hokkaido University

Mitani: The word Labo in the name means social
experiment rather than laboratory. I hope that
visitors will learn something there, and then want totake a tour of Hokkaido University. Speaking of themenu, Hokkaido University raises shorthorn beef
cattle at its farm in Shizunai. We d like to add dishes
made using the beef to the menu in the future. We
are particular about ingredients and use organic● Hokudai Marche sells milk produced
through grazing
After we started grazing, our idea about the milkyield changed. We had pursued the amount per
cow, but we thought, Milk is an agricultural prod-

vegetables. This fact is not so well-known. We haveuct, so it may be better to increase the milk yield

an issue with the dissemination of information.

per hectare. We worked based on this idea for

Hokudai Marche sells various things related to

10 years and produced 10 tons of milk per hect-

Hokkaido University, allowing visitors to enjoy

are on the farm of Hokkaido University. Thiseating, shopping and seeing. We will add new items

figure is among the world s top level. I think they

to the menu and provide information to make it acould not produce 7 tons per hectare even in To-

more interesting place.

11

researchers do it well.

HOKKAIDO UNIVERSITY Sustainability Report 2019

● Significance of having green spaces andachieve a high yield per hectare because ofcows on campus

Special Feature 02
Grazing and Hokudai Marche Café & Labokachi and Konsen at that time. It is difficult todeductions for concentrated feed. Cows at pasture are often seen in commercials. In Japan, how-

To raise milk cows on grass, one hectare of grass-ever, concentrated feed accounts for approxi-

land per cow is necessary. A grassland area of 10

mately 45% of the total feed used, and grasshectares is essential to raise 10 cows. Hokkaido

accounts for roughly 55%. Only Hokkaido Univer-

University once raised 70 to 80 milk cows but now

sity and some diligent farmers feed 100% grass atraises roughly 30 cows. The reason behind thethis time. This is something we should be proud of.

decrease in cows is the construction of new buildings in line with the development of the university inquality and quantity. The grass is just an open
space from the perspective of people in other fields.
This is a big problem. There is an open space. We
want to build a structure there. I have often heard
such a request over the last 40 years. Some people
may doubt the necessity of a farm on campus. However, the advantage of having this much grass andcows on campus as experimental facility is immea-

We sell milk at Hokudai Marche to appeal to con-surable. I want to maintain the farm at any cost.

sumers who seek milk produced using 100%

In New York and London, people have voiced agrass. Some people may disapprove of this, but I

theory that large cities should have various spaces,

want people to know that there is a space where

including farming spaces.The city has a campus atcows are put to grass in the center of Sapporo

its center, where there are grazing cattle, orchards

and that Hokkaido University utilizes the space forand rice paddies. I personally think that is good.

research and education.

Dairy farming of Hokkaido University,
which has continued unique research
Seiji KONDO
Specially Appointed Professor,
Research Faculty of Agriculture
Born in Kyoto. 1975: Graduated from the Department of
Animal Science, School of Agriculture, Hokkaido University;
1977: Completed the Master-degree Program, Graduate
School of Agriculture, Hokkaido University; 1986: Doctor of
Agriculture (Hokkaido University); 1977: Assistant Professor, Rakuno Gakuen University; 1983: Assistant Professor,
School of Agriculture, Hokkaido University; 1988: Associate
Professor, School of Agriculture, Hokkaido University; 2002:
Professor, Research Faculty of Agriculture, Hokkaido
University; 2014: Retired, Specially Appointed Professor,
Professor Emeritus, Hokkaido University.
His books: Shitteokitai Nyugyu no Kodogaku (lit. Behavioristics of Milk Cows You Should Know, 2005), Tochishigen wo
S aidaigenniikasu, Dai 4 - s ho, J unkangatarakuno wo
Kositetorimodosu Junkangatarakuno heno Apurochi (lit.
Making the Most Use of Land Resources, Chapter 4. This is
How Circular Dairy Farming is Recovered - Approach to
Circular Dairy Farming 2010).
Responsible for arrangement and commentary for theSecond Farm, which is opened to the public.

HOKKAIDO UNIVERSITY Sustainability Report 201912

Research and Education Topics■Highlights of Cutting-edge Research
Transistor current ampliﬁcation without a power supply
Technical advancement in the performance of computers depends on
increasing the transistor current with very little electricity. With researchers of Shizuoka University, Professor Yasuo TAKAHASHI and his researchgroup have successfully amplified the current without a power supply byapplying the principle of an aspirator (tee) ejecting water and air from a
nozzle under high pressure. They showed that a new electron flow can beproduced from energy that is usually consumed as heat and that it is possible to suppress heat generation from current amplification. This experiment was conducted under a low temperature of 8K (-265.15°
C). If thistechnology is put into practical use after a proving test at room temperature, power saving and the acceleration of computers will be possible.

Yasuo TAKAHASHI
Professor (at that time)
Graduate School of Information
Science and Technology

Fig. 1 Electron flow for (a) input terminal with small electron potential and (b) input terminal with large
electron potential. Arrows denote direction of electron flow.

Development of an ultrathin 30-nanometer photoelectrode that is
10 times more eﬃcient than the conventional one
There is a global need for the development of technologies to efficiently harvest and transform incident visible sunlight into other forms of energy such as
chemical fuels and electrical power. Professor Hiroaki MISAWA and his group
have applied photon-management concepts to successfully develop a photoelectrode that efficiently confines visible light into a space of 30 nanometersin thickness. They demonstrated that a titanium oxide semiconductor film
sandwiched between gold nanoparticles and a gold film can absorb more than
85% of all visible light due to this strong optical confinement. This ultrathin
photoelectrode can convert optical energy to chemical energy with more than
10 times the efficiency of conventional photoelectrodes. This effective use ofrenewable energy with an extremely small amount of material is expected tomake a significant contribution to the realization of a sustainable society.

Hiroaki MISAWA
Professor

Gold nanoparticles

Titanium oxide semiconductor film

Visible lightGold nanoparticles

Research Institute forElectronic Science

Optical resonatorGold film
Glass substrate

Inlaid depth of 7 nm
7 nm
Approx. 30 nm

Titanium oxide layer
Gold film

Rough sketch of gold nanoparticles/titanium oxide/gold film substrate(light is confined in the transparent titanium oxide layer) *Source:

13

HOKKAIDO UNIVERSITY Sustainability Report 2019

Research and Education Topics

Finding that a harsh environment and the means of food productioninﬂuence the freedom of personal relationships
Professor Masaki YUKI and collaborators from 18 countries have conducted a psychology survey of 16,939 people in 39 countries/regions aroundthe world and drawn the following conclusion: (1) Relational mobility is highin the North American and European countries, Oceania, Central and SouthAmerica, while it is low in Asia and the Middle East. (2) People in societies
with high relational mobility voluntarily help other people and are more actively involved in interpersonal relations. (3) Regions with harsh natural/social surroundings and that employ a food production system requiring mutual cooperation, such as rice cultivation, tend to have lower relational mobility. The results of the research will serve as a useful reference
for education and business in contemporary societies with mobile interpersonal relations.
Countries and regions in red reported
higher levels of relational mobility,
while those in blue reported lower
levels. (Thomson R. et al.,Masaki YUKI
Professor
Faculty of Humanities and Human

June 25,

Sciences /2018)

Center for Experimental Researchin Social Sciences

Discovery of an ice pump supporting the ecosystem of a ﬁord
Shin SUGIYAMA
Professor
Institute of Low Temperature Science

Naoya KANNA
Doctoral research fellow
Arctic Research Center

A joint research group of the Arctic Research Center, the Institute of Low
Temperature Science and the Faculty of Fisheries Sciences at Hokkaido
University has found that upwellings (plumes) from glacial meltwater inGreenland function as a pump to lift out nutrient salt from the medium
layer (200 m in depth) of a fiord. They also showed that nutrient salt delivered to the surface spread horizontally in the subsurface (10 ‒ 50 cm indepth) and caused the growth of phytoplankton just above the plumes.
Previous research has proved the role of meltwater in basic production(organic production through photosynthesis) in this fiord. In the future, itwill be important to comprehensively understand how the ecosystem created meltwater.

Numerous creatures gather in the sea infront of a glacierSampling of glacial meltwater
HOKKAIDO UNIVERSITY Sustainability Report 201914

Research and Education Topics

Success in the direct observation of organic matter that moves
from seawater to the air by sea spray
Fine particles (aerosol) in the air scatter/absorb sunlight and affect theclimate, including the amount of clouds and the precipitation process.
Almost no information was previously available about how organic matterincluded in aerosol at rates of up to 80 to 90% is affected by the surfaceof the ocean. Using a research vessel in the North Pacific Ocean in thewest of the subarctic zone, the research group has succeeded in the
direct observation of microbially derived organic matter that moves fromseawater to the air by sea spray. Comparing the air and surface seawater,
they have found there is a great deal of humified organic matter that is
resistant to biological degradation in ambient aerosol. Expectations areplaced on the clarification of the impact of marine microorganisms on
climate change through the air.
North Pacific Ocean in the western
subarctic seen from the Hakuhomaru
academic research vessel

Yuzo MIYAZAKI
Assistant Professor
Institute of Low Temperature Science

Clariﬁcation of the fact that the river branching structure supports
the survival of groups of organisms
One of the missions of today s ecologists is to clarify the mechanism of
how groups of organisms survive environmental changes and contribute tosustainable fishery and forestry and the conservation of biodiversity. With
researchers of the University of Minnesota, Akira TERUI and otherresearchers have clarified that the complexity of the branching structure(ecosystem form) of river networks with numerous tributaries contributes
to the stable maintenance of groups of organisms. The spatial size of the

Akira TERUI

ecosystem used to be considered the key. This study showed the complex-

Researcher (at that time)

ity of a river ecosystem s form is the key factor supporting the long-term

Research Faculty of Agriculture

sustainability ofgroups of organisms
based on a mathematical model andthe analysis of
long-term monitoring data.

Nobuo ISHIYAMA

Research fellow (at that time)
Research Faculty of Agriculture

15

HOKKAIDO UNIVERSITY Sustainability Report 2019

Research and Education Topics■Sustainability Education
Hokkaido University Eco Campus
As general education seminars for first-year students at Hokkaido University (freshman seminars), two subjects on the eco-campus were provided in FY 2018.
Subject nameNature of the Hokkaido University Eco Campus‒ Introduction to Botany

Nature and History of the
Hokkaido University Eco Campus

Schedule

April 12 ‒ August 2 (5th period on Thursdays)

April 13 ‒ August 3 (5th period on Fridays)○ To feel the beauty of the Hokkaido University
Campus, nurture a school spirit and master fieldism (hands-on approach, activism) that the university has nurtured through the observation andsurveying of plants and ecology○ To gain direction for future specialty throughsmall-group seminars with students who are interested in diverse fields○To obtain comprehensive knowledge on the natureand history of Hokkaido University and its campus
through seminars including the outdoor observation and survey of plants, insects, ruins and architecture on the Sapporo Campus and in related
facilities○To raise awareness as Hokkaido University
students, nurture a school spirit and set direction
for future studies by experiencing the guiding
spirits of Hokkaido University, the biodiversity ofnature on campus and the weight of history

Objectives

Nature of the Hokkaido University Eco Campus ‒ Introduction of Botany

Shiro TSUYUZAKI (Professor, Faculty of Environmental Earth Science)「On-campus Plant Seminars 1, 2 & 3」

Land plants are the foundation supporting all creatures. These days, they
are expected to reduce global warming. Is it OK to expect that from plants?
We will measure how much carbon dioxide trees absorb based on the size ofthe trees. After germinating, plants do not move. They must adapt themselves to the environment of the place they have germinated for survival.
Plants that cannot adapt themselves to the environment will disappear. Whatkinds of plants are seen in what type of environment? We will experience
this using the quadrat method.

Nature and History of the Hokkaido University Eco Campus

Masaki EDA (Associate Professor, Hokkaido University Museum)「Observation of the Ruins and Environment in the Midstream of the
Sakushukotoni River」「History of the Use of the Hokkaido University Campus Seen from an
Archaeological Perspective」
First session:

After learning that almost the whole campus is designated asa site where cultural properties are buried (ruins) and that
Hokkaido developed a unique culture that is different fromthat of Honshu (the main island of Japan) after the Jomon
period, we walked around the ruins on campus along the
Sakushukotoni River.

Second session: We visited the excavation site at the K39 Site/Research Building (mechanical engineering) under investigation at that time,
and then learned about the history of the use of the Hokkaido
University Campus (first half) at a lecture room.
Third session: We visited the Archaeological Research Center at Hokkaido
University, and then learned about the history of the use of
the Hokkaido University Campus (latter half) at a lecture room.
HOKKAIDO UNIVERSITY Sustainability Report 201916

Response to Disasters［1］Typhoon Jebi
A record storm occurred predominantly in the Kinki region on September 5（Wed.）, 2018, also causing tremendous damage in Hokkaido. Hokkaido University suffered damage to its buildings in Sapporo and Hakodate, and theamount of damage totaled more than 80 million yen.

■ Damage situation

School of Agriculture

Front of Chuo Cafeteria

Botanic Garden［2］Hokkaido Eastern Iburi Earthquake
A strong earthquake occurred in a widespread area of central Hokkaido at 3:07 a.m. on September 6（Thu.）,
2018. The earthquake measured an intensity of upper 5 in Kita-ku, Sapporo, where the Sapporo Campus is located, and 4 in Hakodate, where the Hakodate Campus is located. Hokkaido University suffered substantial damage,including 95 buildings in Sapporo, and the amount of damage totaled more than 3.3 billion yen.

■ Damage situation

Food Processing Plant of the Model Barn
（distorted masonry chimney）■ Response to damage
Since the scale of the earthquake on the campuses and inregional facilities was upper 5 or

School of Engineering Material Chemistry
Research Building（broken hardware）

Academicaﬀairs
Evacuatedstudents

・The safety of students was confirmed quickly by phone or e-mail.
・Some undergraduate classes were canceled.
・A shelter was established at gymnasium No. 2.
（540 users, of which the number of international students was 293 and thenumber of other people was 84）

lower, a crisis control headquar-・Power went out at the whole university on September 6. The power supply

ters was not established based

was re-established at the hospital and other priority areas by the evening of
the same day.

on Hokkaido University s Disas-

・Power was restored at the whole university on the morning of September 10.

ter Management Guidelines.
Under the direction of the person
responsible for risk management,・Notification of power saving was given to all departments at the request of
the Ministry of Education, Culture, Sports, Science and Technology, theFacilities

Ministry of Economy, Trade and Industry, and Hokkaido Electric Power
Company （power saving of 20% in the beginning, 10% power saving on

the safety of students and facul-

September 18 and 19）

ty was confirmed, and the◎The Sustainable Campus Promotion Division of the Facilities Department
notified all departments of Efforts for Power Saving

Power Saving

damage situation was checked.

Follow-up, Energy Saving Handbook 2018（limited to the campus）

An ad hoc Deans and Directors

Power Monitoring System（limited to the campus）.
・After the power outage, outbound communication was handled using an

Sync Up Meeting and an administrative staff liaison meeting were
held to share information acrossthe university.
17

Shelter on campus（gymnasium No. 2, September 6）

HOKKAIDO UNIVERSITY Sustainability Report 2019

Information
infrastructure

in-house power generator. Communication was restored on the morning of
September 7.
・All servers, including that for the website, were down. They were restored
in the afternoon of September 10.

Movements toward the Creationof a Sustainable Campus

Movements toward the Creation of a Sustainable Campus
Assessment of Hokkaido University in FY 2018 using the ASSC
Compared with the assessment in FY 2017, the scoreof the Disaster Management Guidelines and the for-decreased in the Education and Research field

mulation of the Hokkaido University Crisis Manage-

because the percentage of subjects dedicated to or

ment and Business Continuation Manual to maintainrelated to sustainability declined slightly. In the Envi-

the university function after a disaster. The overallronment field, the score increased because the eco-score rate was 78.7% thanks to the score increase inlogical survey of the Hakodate Campus was complet-

the Environment and Local Community fields. As wased, and because the change of the power supplier on

the case for the assessment in FY 2016, Hokkaido

the Sapporo Campus reduced carbon dioxide emis-

University was awarded gold certification for thesions. In the Local Community field, the university wasassessment in FY 2017 from the Campus Sustainabili-

awarded a score for the first in the area of the role ofty Network in JAPAN（CAS-Net JAPAN）.

the university after a disaster because of the revision

84.88
83.72

ⅠManagement

Fig. 1 Score percentages of
Hokkaido University in four ﬁelds

86.05

Results of HU in FY 2015
Results of HU in FY 2016

81.40

Results of HU in FY 2017
Results of HU in FY 2018

74.99
74.96

75.78

74.94

Ⅳ Local Community

Ⅱ Education and Research

85.28
75.94
69.79
72.91
59.42

61.25
63.72

72.34
Ⅲ Environment

Fig. 2 Score percentages of Hokkaido
University by assessment area
: Other 19 national universities average

Ⅰ‐3 Financial resource management

I. Management

Bar graph indicating the results of HU in FY 2018Ⅰ
‐1 Policy and overall planⅠ
‐2 Organization to consider sustainability
Ⅰ‐4 Asset management
Ⅰ‐5 Facility management
Ⅰ‐6 Network to enhance sustainability
Ⅰ‐7 Personal trainingⅠ‐8 Procurement and contracts

Sustainable Campus（ASSC）,

Ⅱ‐1 Education

which was developed by Hokkaido University in 2013, isan evaluation tool in the quesusers to check the aptitudes
necessary for the realization

Ⅱ‐2 Research
Ⅱ‐3 Students
Ⅲ‐1 Ecosystem
Ⅲ‐2 Land
Ⅲ‐3 Public space
Ⅲ‐4 Landscape
Ⅲ‐5 Waste
Ⅲ‐6 Energy and resources
Ⅲ‐7 Basic Equipmentof campus sustainability

Ⅲ‐8 Facilities

based on evaluation criteria.

Ⅲ‐9 Transportation

It helps universities that condecisions on the management
and set targets.

Ⅲ‐10 Use of historical assets on campus
Ⅳ‐1 Collaboration between industry,
academia and government
Ⅳ‐2 Community service

IV. Local
Community

duct assessment to makeIII. Environment

tionnaire style that allows

II. Education
andResearch

The Assessment System forⅣ‐3 Dissemination of information
Ⅳ‐4 Disaster prevention
Ⅳ‐5 Role of the university after a disaster

0%

20%

40%

60%

80%

100%

HOKKAIDO UNIVERSITY Sustainability Report 201918

Movements toward the Creation of a Sustainable Campus■Sustainable Laboratories: Debrieﬁng Session for Energy/Resource
Saving Measures Dedicated to Experiment Facilities■October 31, 2018 ■Main conference room, Centennial Hall 1F ■Organizer: Sustainable Campus Management Oﬃce

Hokkaido University has worked on energy/resourceenergy/resource saving dedicated to experimental

saving for quite a while, but experimental facilities atlaboratories, to give a talk about what should be done

the center of research activities were difficult to

to make laboratories more sustainable at Hokkaido

address. We invited Mr. Martin Farley, who pursues

University.

Outline of projects in the U.K.
and a proposal forenergy/resource saving
Mr. Martin Farley

Director of Green Lab Associates
Sustainable Laboratory Advisor of University College London

PRO FI L E
Martin was UK s first full-time sustainable laboratory specialist, having
started at the University of Edinburgh. Today he consults for a variety oflaboratories including University College London (UCL) to make scienceand research more sustainable. One of the projects running at the University of Edinburgh is to examine the set temperature and storage period of
ultracold freezers and the state of the preservation of samples. He developed and manages the Laboratory Efficient Assessment Framework(LEAF) at UCL, a new standard in sustainable science.

Today, there is an international organization for sus-

them to help everyone save time and cost.

tainable labs, and research to improve the efficiency

Another idea is a participation program with gold,of labs is conducted all over the world. What shouldsilver and bronze awards. Researchers of multiple

be done to improve their efficiency? I will show you

universities visit and evaluate labs with each other,some projects to highlight useful efficiency measures.

and awards are given to those who have made bigger

At one lab, they introduced new waste boxes andimprovements. Programs we have begun in a test

posters and separately collect waste for cost saving.

base are implemented in the entire U.K. We d like to

At another lab, they had mugs made with eachwelcome the participation of Hokkaido University. I

researcher s photo on, so that they will not throw

have visited two laboratories at Hokkaido University.

away cups every time they drink coffee. You canI think both laboratories are efficiently operated. If I

reduce the use of plastic by purchasing versatile

may, I d like to suggest the tracking of chemicals. All

experiment kits. At the laboratories of Hokkaido Uni-

users of the labs will be able to figure out the stock

versity, numerous glass products are used. It is very

status of materials and save space. The collection

good.

method of waste seems to vary depending on the lab.

Regarding equipment management, use a reservation

I recommend that waste collection should be conduct-system to increase the utilization rate, and prepare a

ed consistently. The suggestion beyond labs is that

digital timer. These are simple measures but reduce

initiatives should be supported by head office. Theenergy consumption and extend the life of equipment.

entire university should be involved in the manage-

It is important to use less-toxic chemicals. The Ameri-

ment of waste and the introduction of new equipment,

can Chemical Society has prepared a guide on

which helps the university in energy/resource/cost

eco-friendly chemicals. You can also utilize this. It issaving. Also, if you see good practice in another lab,important to think about the size and temperature set-

it is important to tell others. Easy and low-cost solu-

ting of a freezer, but before that, consider the size oftions lead to sustainability and have great signifi-

samples. The easiest way is to reduce the size. Con-cance from the science and research perspective.

sider distinguishable labels so that anyone can use

Thank you very much for your attention today.

them. If there are samples that can be used, share
19

HOKKAIDO UNIVERSITY Sustainability Report 2019

Movements toward the Creationof a Sustainable Campus■Eﬀorts for Energy Saving and Environmental Load Reduction
Validation of energy saving at Hokkaido University （report published in March 2019）●Details of validation: Ventilating installation（total

Ventilation operation when the room is notheat exchanging ventilator）and heating installation

used: GHP gas consumption on the day after the（GHP: gas heat pump air conditioner）in existing

total heat exchanging ventilator is turned off（downfacilities were used to measure the difference inovernight: 17:00 ‒ 8:30 on the next morning）is

heating energy consumption between different ven-

approximately 11% less than when it is operated on

tilation operation modes during winter and examine

strong mode. Gas consumption when the ventilator

the effect of energy saving.

is stopped on the weekend（17:00 on Friday ‒ 8:30

●Place of validation: Mid-Campus Open Laboratory

on Monday）is approximately 16% less.
Recommended ventilation operation: The venti-

No. 2●Period of measurement: February 1（Fri.）‒ 8

lator should be set on weak（Fri.）, 2019mode when the room is usedand should be turned off［Validation results（outline）］
Ventilation operation when the room is used:during the night and holi-

Gas consumption when the total heat exchanging

days when the room is not

ventilator is on weak mode is approximately 9%

used. However, ample atten-

less than on strong mode. However, the room tem-tion should be paid toperature near the floor becomes lower.

ensure sufficient ventilation.

Waste separation pilot project■Places: in front of the office and the library of Fac-

Mid-Campus Open
Laboratory No. 2［Composition analysis results］（in front of the office）
100

ulty of Pharmaceutical Sciences.

■Other waste90■ Period: February 26 ‒ March 6, 2019
The installation of waste boxes was classified into
the following five patterns for waste composition
analysis.
①Existing boxes for three types of waste（combustibles, RDF, glass bottles/cans/PET bottles）■Dirty plastic

80■Dirty paper

70■Clean plastic

60■Non-recyclable
clean paper

50■Miscellaneous
recyclable paper（clean or not）

40

■Recyclable
waste paper

30②Existing boxes for three types of waste + additional
cardboard box for recyclable waste paper

20
10③Change from existing boxes for three types ofwaste to mesh boxes④Change from existing boxes for three types ofwaste to mesh boxes + additional mesh box for
wastepaper0

Burnable

RDF①Existing waste
boxes

Burnable

RDF

Burnable⑤Waste boxes
with illustration

RDF Wastepaper②Additional cardboard
box for wastepaper

Note: The part enclosed by a red dashed line is appropriately separated
waste. The total volume of waste is set to 100 in each pattern.

⑤Existing boxes for three

In the future, we will consider（1）the creation oftypes of waste; an A-4

pop-type illustration guideline tools and（2）installa-

sheet with illustration andtion of boxes for waste paper as university-wide poli-

guidelines is put on boxes

cies.

for combustibles and RDF
Pattern⑤

HOKKAIDO UNIVERSITY Sustainability Report 201920

Movements toward the Creation of a Sustainable Campus■Changes in Environmental Data
Primary energy consumption
Sapporo Campus

Energy consumption

497
29.7

1,000

500

0

3.51

3.59

2.69

476

526

511

488

27.4

26.0

26.6

22.0

2.30

2.21

6

4

2

2.24

2.25

2.35

1,137

1,153

1,189

1,165

1,129

2014

2015

2016

2017

0
2018 （Year）

Electricity

Heavy oil

Kerosene

Conversion factor by type of energy

Gas（GJ/㎡）
4.5

0.105

40
30

0.005

0.0006

0.001

10
0

3.75

6.95

7.68

0.535

0.062

0.001

1.37

1.39

1.42

1.42

1.33

34.7

36.8

37.0

36.9

35.0

2014

2015

2016

2017

0
2018 （Year）

Heavy oil

Kerosene

7.85

7.92

3.0

7.02
0.008

2.25
1.5

20

Per unit area

Electricity

Electricity: 9.76 MJ/kWh

0.063

50

Heavy oil: 38.9 MJ/liter

Gas

Kerosene: 36.49 MJ/liter

0.75

Energy consumption per total ﬂoor area

1,500

4.22

Energy consumption per total ﬂoor area

3.12

Hakodate Campus（10³GJ）
60（GJ/㎡）
8

Energy consumption（10³GJ）
2,000

Per unit area

Gas: 45.0 MJ/㎥

Greenhouse Gas Emissions
Sapporo Campus

Hakodate Campus（ton-CO₂/㎡）
0.18

0.15

5

0.15

4

0.12

CO2 emissions

100

0.145

80

0.144

0.147

0.144

0.116

60

108

0.09

109

107

106

86

40

0.12

0.06

20

0.03

0

2014
Emissions

2016

2015

2017

3

0
2018 （Year）

0.093

0.090

0.094

2.90

2.92

2.82

2.97

2.79

2014

2015

2016

2017

0
2018 （Year）

2
1
0

Per unit area

0.09

0.092

Emissions

0.088

0.06
0.03

Emissions per total ﬂoor area

0.18

（10³ton-CO₂）
6

Emissions per total ﬂoor area

（ton-CO₂/㎡）

CO2 emissions（10³ton-CO₂）
120

Per unit area

Note: The adjusted electricity-derived CO₂ emission factor [kg-CO₂/kWh] used for calculation was 0.688 in FY 2014, 0.676 in FY 2015, 0.640 in FY 2016 and 0.678 in FY 2017.
Since the value in FY 2018 has not yet been revealed, the value in FY 2017 was used for FY 2018 (i.e., 0.511 (new power company) at the Sapporo Campus and 0.678 at the
Hakodate Campus).

General and Other Waste Generation
Sapporo Campus

3.04

10
7.5

2.52

0.260

0.263

0.254

0.247

1.5

2.78

2.76

3.37

2.45

1.83

1.48

1.13

0.549

0.503

0.481

0.508

0.441

7.22

7.12

6.99

7.44

7.16

2014

2015

2016

2017

0.80

0

0.9
0.6

5
2.5

1.2

Combustibles
RDF
Bottles, cans and PET bottles

Kitchen waste
Per person

0.3

02018 （Year）

General and other waste generation

0.248（㎥/Person）
1.8（10³㎥）
1.5
1.25

1.5

1

1.2

0.75

0.9

0.5
0.25
0

0.677
0.771
2014

21

HOKKAIDO UNIVERSITY Sustainability Report 2019

0.585

0.537

0.545

0.668

0.656

0.597

0.622

2015

2016

2017

0
2018 （Year）

General and other waste

Note 1: Kitchen waste refers only to that generated by the university hospital s food preparation facilities.
Note 2: Per capita generation ﬁgures include temporary staﬀ.

0.6

0.583

Per person

0.3

Per full-time staﬀ member or student

12.5

Hakodate Campus（㎥/Person）
1.8
Per full-time staﬀ member or student

General and other waste generation（10³㎥）
15

Movements toward the Creationof a Sustainable Campus

Industrial Waste Generation
Sapporo Campus

Hakodate Campus

（t）
5,000

（t）
60
50

4,000

40

3,000
2,000

30

4,194
3,067

2,906

2,739

2,127

1,000
0

2014

2015

2016

50.4

20

0

2018 （Year）

2017

30.2

10

15.0
2014

2015

2016

6.6

9.0

2017

2018 （Year）

Note: The ﬁgures for the Sapporo Campus exclude waste disposed by individual faculties (e.g., electrical appliances). The ﬁgures for the Hakodate Campus include discarded electricalappliances, but exclude plastic waste and mixed waste, which are measured per cubic meter, and infectious waste, which is measured per liter.

Water Consumption
Sapporo Campus

Hakodate Campus

Water consumption

627

623

33.4

34.3

200

583

573

594

30.6

30.3

30.3
138
0
2018 （Year）

100

250

0

165

193

149

152

2014

2015

2016

2017

Municipal water

Well water

750

300

308
241

235

500

204

250

314

0

Per person

Per full-time staﬀ member or student

500

Per full-time staﬀ member or student

300

750

（㎥/Person）
400（10³㎥）
1,000

Water consumption（㎥/Person）
400（10³㎥）
1,000

233

200

100

238

241

206

237
22.2
0
2018 （Year）

36.8

31.9

22.5

21.9

2014

2015

2016

2017

Municipal water

Well water

Per person

Note: Per capita consumption ﬁgures include temporary staﬀ

■Material Balance（FY 2018）*Sapporo = Sapporo Campus, Hakodate = Hakodate Campus
In p u t
Primary energy● Electricity● Heavy oil● Kerosene● Gas

1,129,015GJ＋
1,163,987GJ（ [Sapporo]）[Hakodate] 34,972GJ
21,979GJ（[Sapporo] 21,971GJ＋[Hakodate] 8GJ）
3,513GJ（[Sapporo] 3,512GJ＋[Hakodate] 1GJ）
494,937GJ（[Sapporo] 487,916GJ＋[Hakodate] 7,021GJ）

Oﬃce supplies● Paper●Green purchase items

under the PRTR
notifications

Water● Municipal water● Well water

Greenhouse gas● Carbon dioxide

88,531t-CO2（ [Hakodate] 2,787t-CO

224ｔ（[Sapporo]＋[Hakodate]）
157items（[Sapporo]＋[Hakodate]）[Sapporo] 41,656kg ※None in Hakodate[Sapporo] 85,744t-CO 2＋
2）*Since the carbon dioxide emission factor of electricity in FY 2018 has not yet been revealed, the value
for FY 2017 was used. Sapporo Campus: 0,511 kg- CO2/kWh; Hakodate Campus: 0.678 kg- CO2/kWh

Waste

11,272㎥（ [Hakodate] 622㎥

[Sapporo] 10,650㎥＋● Non-industrial

Amounts of chemicals handled● Chemicals controlled

Outputwaste[Sapporo]：combustibles 7,159㎥／
RDF 799㎥／Kitchen waste 247㎥／
bottles, cans and PET bottles 2,445㎥● Waste paper● Industrial waste（other than infectious waste）● Infectious waste）

574t（[Sapporo] 565t＋[Hakodate] 9.0t）
1,830t（[Sapporo] 1,821t＋[Hakodate] 9.0t）[Sapporo] 306t ＋ [Hakodate] 90ℓ

Liquid waste from experimental facilities

159,799㎥（[Sapporo] 137,612㎥＋[Hakodate] 22,187㎥）
831,458㎥（[Sapporo] 593,982㎥＋[Hakodate] 237,476㎥）● Inorganic liquid

waste● Organic liquid

waste

17,908ℓ（[Sapporo] 17,238ℓ＋[Hakodate] 670ℓ）
114,784ℓ（[Sapporo] 110,793ℓ＋[Hakodate] 3,991ℓ）

HOKKAIDO UNIVERSITY Sustainability Report 201922

Kita 8, Nishi 5, Kita-ku, Sapporo 060-0808
Tel.: +81-(0)11-716-2111
URL: https://www.hokudai.ac.jp/

Sustainability Report Compilation
Editorial policy

This Sustainability Report was compiled in linewith the Law Concerning the Promotion ofBusiness Activities with Environmental Consideration by Speciﬁed Corporation, etc., by Facilitating Access to Environmental Information, andOther Measures（also known as the Environmental Consideration Act）with reference to theJapanese Ministry of the Environment s Environmental Report Guidelines 2018.

Organizations involved

Hokkaido University
Sapporo Campus（incl. contracted commercial
operators on campus）
Hakodate Campus

PeriodApril 2018 ‒ March 2019

Field

Environment

Published

September 2019（next issue scheduled
for September 2020）

Inquiries

Sustainable Campus Management OfficeTel.: +81-（0）11-706-3660
Fax: +81-（0）11-706-4884
E-mail: osc@osc.hokudai.ac.jp

This Sustainability Report is available
on the Sustainable Campus Management Oﬃce website

https://www.osc.hokudai.ac.jp/

Printed with environmentallyfriendly vegetable oil ink.