Administration of musical copyrights
Session 4. New Business Models for Effective Protection ofCopyright and Related Rights in the “Cloud”
ALAI 2012 in Kyoto
October 18, 2012
Satoshi Watanabe (JASRAC)

1

Profile of JASRAC

2

Outline of Organization
Date of establishment
November 18, 1939
Features of organization• Represents 3,000 lyricists, 2,500 composers, 4,500 lyricist/composers,
2,700 music publishers and 3,000 sucessors through copyright trust
contracts• Registered under the Law on Management Business of Copyright andNeighboring Rights (2001)• Non-profit organization (operated by administrative expenses)

Objectives (Article 3, Articles of Association)“To protect the rights of owners of musical works and to facilitate theutilization of musical works, thereby contributing to the disseminationand development of musical culture.”3

Outline of Activities
1. Management of copyright
A. Licensing of music copyrights use and collection and distribution ofroyalties (administration of economic rights)• Management organization consisting of head office and 16 regional licensing offices• Manages 7.91 million musical works in Japan and overseas, making public 2.98
million works through the J-WID database http://www2.jasrac.or.jp/eJwid• Trust contracts with authors, composers, and music publishers in Japan• Mutual copyright protection with overseas organizations through 117 representation
contracts for performing rights and mechanical rights.
• Total amount collected in Fiscal 2011: 105.8billion yen (1.06bil euros)

B. Countermeasures against copyright infringement

2. Cultural activities• Donate courses at universities, open to the public lectures, symposia, talk & concerts,etc.
4

JASRAC royalty collections in 2001 and 2011
(Others = online karaoke, rental records, recording ofmusic for advertisements, publishing of musicalscores, overseas income, etc.)

Interactivetransmission
Others3.8%
18.0%

Interactivetransmission
8.3%

Audio discs
32.3%

Others18.0%

Audio discs
13.5%
Performances,
etc.
17.0%

Videograms
9.9%
Broadcasting, Performances,
etc.
etc.
16.3%
19.8%

Videograms
Broadcasting,
16.9%
etc.
26.3%

2001

20115

Licensing Interactive Transmission services

6Interactive Transmission in the Copyright Law of Japan
Article 23 (Rights of public transmission, etc.)“The author shall have the exclusive right to transmit his work
publicly (including the making transmittable of his work in thecase of the interactive transmission).”
Article 2 (Definitions)“interactive transmission”
the public transmission made automatically in response to a request fromthe public, excluding the public transmission falling within the term
“broadcasting” or “wire diffusion.”→ interactive transmission“making transmittable”
putting in such a state that the interactive transmission can be made.
→ the act of uploading to the Internet77

Rights and types of use: JASRAC trustors/members may choose to entrust
Performing

MechanicalLending

Films
Videograms
GamesTV/Radio CMsBroadcasting and cable transmission
Interactive Transmission
Online Karaoke

8Publication

Royalty collection from interactive transmission (online and mobile)
Number of licenses (number licensed since 2001)
・License agreements for commercial distribution
1,400 digital service providers
12,000 services (6,000 services are for ringtones)
・License agreements for non-commercial distribution
11,000 sites
Royalties collected(Billion yen)

910

1120

2006
20

0905
20

2004
2008

03
20

2002
200701
20

2000
20

10
987
65432
10

Various types of interactive transmission services
Music downloadMusic streaming
On-demand music streaming
Non-commercial music download and streaming
Commercial sheet music/lyrics download and streaming
Non-commercial sheet music/lyrics download and streaming
Video download (specific games) and streaming (TV programs, UGC,..)
Ringtones, true tones and video tones
Podcasting
Internet CM
Subscription
Background music (for business premises)10Collection Share of Interactive Transmission Services
Others2.9%
Audio
streaming
8.4%
Video
downloads
2.4%

Video
streaming
12.8%
Music
downloads
57.9%

Ringtones,truetones, andvideo tones
16.3%

201111

Cloud services

Cloud service

Cloud services

Cloud service
BA
Other songs fromPurchase ofonline musicregistration

List of purchased songs

users’ own CDs andothers

Download/Upload
Download12

Dealing with the rapid expansion of music usage data

13

Broadcast Usage Report Using Fingerprints
Provides metadata to works master DB
NTT Data
System vendor for
census reporting
Receptionequipment

Receives
broadcastsignals

Media searchequipment

Creates
fingerprints

No. of work masters (Mar 2012)
Japanese: 1,132,228
Foreign: 866,708
Others: 166,339
2,165,275 masters provided by
RIAJ affiliates fromcommercially available CDs;167,319
titles and other original recordings

Broadcasters

Report ofmechanicalperformances
Works list(soundrecordings)

Works list
outputWork masters(Fingerprints)

JASRAC

Usage ReportMerge
application

Works list
(Mechanicaland liveperformances)

Report of live
performances
Live performances
reports

14

CDC (Copyright Data Clearinghouse)~a data processing scheme~

15Increase data of musical works in the usage reports for interactive transmission

Digital Service Reporting Scheme using FPs
Digital Service Providers

Right Holders Organizations

Copyright Data Clearinghouse (CDC)
Acquisition/
productionofcontents・Identification ofmusical works

・Identification of・Producing usage reportsof musical works

musical works
Reporting・Clearance for・Registration ofnew works

Invoicingand royalty
distribution

multiple organizations

By centralizing common processes
and procedures, operation can bestreamlined through data processing
Administration ofdigital contents
andmusical works

at CDC

Reduction of workload and cost

Administration ofmusical works
database

CDC Systems (“Fluzo”) Overview①Usage License Application

LicenseInfoDSP Systems②Issue License

CDC Service ID④Issue ServiceID

Service Master DB

RightsInfoCDCCDC-ID⑦Provide Rights
Info⑧Usage Report
Set Tariff License

Format Conversion
Report Data DB

Usage Report Data

CMO Share DB

CDC⑨Revenue
ReportCMO Shares( for set rate fees)

Usage License
Application
Works Info

JRC
Works Rights Info

DAIKI SOUND
Usage License
Application
Works Info

DAIKI SOUND
Works Rights Info

Usage Report

FP Inquiry
Obtain/Register
Metadata

NTT Data

JRC

Usage Report

ID Conversion

FP DB

Digital Service
Providers
（DSP）
DSP）

Provide Work Data

Works DB

⑥Issue CDC-ID

Work
Usage Info
Revenue
Infoe-License
Works Rights Info

Usage Report

CDCCDC-ID

Proprietary DB

Usage LicenseApplication
Works Info

③Service
Registration⑤Inquire Rights
Info Fingerprint

DSP Clients

e-License

JASRAC

Usage License Application （JTAKT）
Works Info
JASRAC（J-WID）
Works Rights Info

FP DB

Gracenote

Usage Report （J-Notes）⑩Fee InvoiceⒸ2012 CDC All Rights
18 Reserved

CMOs18

Thank you
http://www.jasrac.or.jp

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