HSCすばる戦略枠観測サーベイで探る
z>6低光度クェーサーの性質
尾上匡房(総研大D2)

2016/10/25 初代星・初代銀河研究会2016＠金沢

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Why we care high-z (z>6) quasar ?

~ 6 - 20~1000

Big Bang

Recombination

z=0 (now)

Redshift✦ IGM opacity during cosmic reionization✦ SMBH evolution/formation scenario✦ Co-evolution with host galaxy✦ Chemical enrichment of broad line region

Unique probe of the early Universe !!
2016/10/25 初代星・初代銀河研究会2016@金沢

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Published 100 z>6 qsos (Oct. 2016)
J0100+2802(z=6.3, Wu+15)J1120+0168(z=7.1, Mortlock+11)

optical NIR(z-band)without HSC

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Published 100 z>6 qsos (Oct. 2016)
J0100+2802(z=6.3, Wu+15)

SDSSPS1
J1120+0168(z=7.1, Mortlock+11)

UKIDSS
CFHQS

VIKING

DES
optical NIR(z-band)

HSC

withoutNow, we should go
deeperHSC& higher-z (z>7)

2016/10/25 初代星・初代銀河研究会2016@金沢

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z~6 UV Quasar Luminosity Function
SDSS Main
SDSS Deep
CFHQS
Subaru(6.5 deg2)

Kashikawa+15
Jiang+16
Onoue+ in prep.

5-15% contribution to ionizing photons(XLF ->1-7%, Ricci et al. 2016)2016/10/25 初代星・初代銀河研究会2016@金沢

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HSC Project 47 (PI:Y. Matsuoka):
Subaru High-z Exploration ofLow-Luminosity Quasars (SHELLQs)

2016/10/25 初代星・初代銀河研究会2016@金沢

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HSC survey
HSC-SSPSurvey
2016/06/08 Sokendai Colloquium

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2016/06/08 Sokendai Colloquium

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VIKING-N

2~500 deg
VIKING
500 overlapped
deg2 overlappedwith
with VIKING!

Subaru/HSC (5years, 300nights)

HSC-UD
HSC-UD

Deep✦ Optical multi-band survey with✦Optical multi-band survey with Subaru/HSC-Wide: 14002 deg2, rlim,5σ~26- Wide: 1400 deg , rlim,5σ~26- Deep: 272 deg2, rlim,5σ~27- Deep: 27 deg , r~27lim,5σ2, r2
UD:
3.5deglim,5- U-Deep: 2 deg , r~28σ~28lim,5σ✦ Mostpowerful✦Most
powerful
opticalopticalsurveysurvey
before LSST

before LSST

2016/06/08
2016/10/25
Sokendai
初代星・初代銀河研究会2016@金沢Colloquium

HSC-deep
HSC-deep

LSST(wide)
LSST(wide)

HSC-wide
HSC-wide
CFHTLSCFHTLS

DES(wide)
DES(wide)
KiDS
KiDS
PS1(3π)PS1(3π)SDSSSDSSHSC survey
2016/06/08 Sokendai Colloquium

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2016/06/08 Sokendai Colloquium

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VIKING-N

2~500 deg
VIKING
500 overlapped
deg2 overlappedwith
with VIKING!

First z>6 QSO Search with 8m-class telescopes✦✦~300@ z~6 && ~50@ z~7QSOs
QSOsareareexpected
expectedtotobebefound
found by
~300@z~6~50@z~7

HSC survey➡ We can address GENERAL SMBH evolutionary states at z>6➡Powered by more general SMBH population !
2016/06/08
2016/10/25
Sokendai
初代星・初代銀河研究会2016@金沢Colloquium

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Yoshiki Matsuoka (NAOJ)

Matsuoka et al. (2016)
松岡＋Matsuoka et al.
(in prep.)

Discovery continues

Quasars

Preliminary

31 z>6 QSOs found in ~100deg2 (S15B) so far
2016/10/25 初代星・初代銀河研究会2016@金沢
GOPIRA symposium (NAOJ, Mitaka; Sep 26-28, 2016)

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Our New Quasars
LBG LF

QLF

Preliminary

Lyα emitter with type-I
AGN contribution?
or type-II quasar?
2016/10/25 初代星・初代銀河研究会2016@金沢

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Beyond the Tip of the Iceberg
SDSS
PS1UKIDSS
CFHQS

VIKING
DES
HSC

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Follow-up Observation of SHELLQs

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Multi-wavelength Following-up of SHELLQs
HST (optical)- Lyα nebulae imaging

VLT (optical & NIR)
- BH mass- Chemical enrichment- Reionization

GTC (optical)- Discovery- Reionization

ALMA (sub-mm)

Subaru (optical&NIR)- Candidate Selection- Discovery- Reionization- BH mass- Chemical enrichment- Host properties (SF activity, Mdyn)

Gemini (NIR)- BH mass- Chemical enrichment- (Reionization)

“Accepted” multi-wavelength follow-up programs✦ BH mass measurements, BLR metallicity, IGM- “X-SHOOTER spectroscopy of low-luminosity quasars at z > 6.4”
(VLT/X-SHOOTER, PI: M.Onoue) ← 3 highest-z QSOs

- “Measuring the SMBH mass of a low-luminosity quasar at z = 6.26”(Gemini/GNIRS, PI: M.Onoue) ← 1 faint QSO✦ Host Galaxy- “Probing the star formation nature and co-evolutionary relations of lowluminosity quasars at z > 6” (ALMA, PI: T.Izumi) ← 4 non-BAL QSOs

- “On the submm nature of the low-luminosity BAL quasars at z ~ 6-7 discoveredby Subaru/HSC” (ALMA, PI: T.Izumi) ← 2 BAL QSOs

✦ Galaxy- “Uncovering cold ISM of very massive galaxies at z ~ 6 discovered by theextensive large-area deep Subaru/HSC survey” (ALMA, PI:Y.Harikane)← 4 brightest LBGs

+ S17A programs for 5 QSOs (Gemini, Keck, and VLT) and 1 QSO/Galaxy (VLT)
2016/10/25 初代星・初代銀河研究会2016@金沢

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First NIR Spectroscopy (just executed!)✦ Gemini Fast Turnaround Program- HSCJ2239+0207 (z =6.26, z =22.4 mag)- Gemini/GNIRS, cross-dispersed mode, T =3.7hrs- λ =0.85-2.5μm, R~1700
LyαABexpobs

Opt. spectrum(GTC/OSIRIS)

Preliminary

K-band spectrum (2D)

2016/10/25 初代星・初代銀河研究会2016@金沢

MgII (zMgII=6.254)

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(Elais-N1)
Fainter QSO Search with HSC-Deep (Elias-N1)✦~1 mag deeper than HSC-Wide (ylim,5σ=25.3=25.3)✦

HSC NBs & UKIRT NIR photometry are available!

zphoto=5.93
z=24.0, y=24.0, J=24.2 ABmag

NBs

UKIRT

Preliminary

2016/10/25 初代星・初代銀河研究会2016@金沢

Expected Constraints on QLF with HSC

Wide (1400deg2)

Deep (27 deg2)

SDSS
SDSSMain
Main
SDSS
SDSSDeep
Deep
CFHQS
CFHQS
SubaruSubaru(6.5 deg2)

Kashikawa+15
Jiang+16
Onoue+ in prep.

Our project will give significant constraints on
the faint-end of z~6 (& z~7) UV QLF
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Summary✦ HSC-SSP is currently the only quasar survey

exploring more GENERAL SMBH population at thereionization epoch✦ SHELLQs project has been quite successful in the 1styear, discovering >30 QSOs and LBGs in ~100deg2✦ Their multi-wavelength follow-up studies have juststarted including VLT, Gemini and ALMA
✦ HSC-Deep search of z>6 quasars is also ongoing✦ SHELLQs is now leading the study of low-luminosity

quasars!
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