᳓ⅣႺ଻ోဳ␠ળߩ᭴▽ߦ㑐ߔࠆ⎇ⓥ

᳓ⅣႺ଻ోဳ␠ળߩ᭴▽ߦ㑐ߔࠆ⎇ⓥ

Research for Construction of Society aimed for Conservation of Aquatic Environment

Research for Construction of Society aimed for Conservation of Aquatic Environment㧔⎇ⓥᦼ㑆 ᐔᚑ 17㨪18 ᐕᐲ㧕 ⅣႺ⎇ⓥㇱ ᴡᎹⅣႺ⎇ⓥቶ    

ቶ㐳   Headਥછ⎇ⓥቭ Senior Researcher⎇ⓥቭ
Researcher⎇ⓥຬ
Research Engineer

 River Environment Division Environment Department                   ⮮↰ శ৻
Koh-ichi FUJITA౷↰ 㓁ሶ
Youko TOMITAዊ〝 ೰ᔒTakeshi OROદ⮮ ཅᄹሶKanako ITOIn this study, to restore the natural system, such as hydrological & material cycles and ecosystems,
it is necessary to construct a social system to induce many residents to participate in environmental
improvement activities. Through the analysis of three regional activities, we proposed the socialsystem to effectively implement watersheds and urban regeneration in accord with nature.
૏ߢ޽ࠅ‫ޔ‬ᐢၞ᳓㒐⚵❱ߪో࿖⊛ߦ⷗ߡ߽ᭂ߼ߡዋߥ

㨇⎇ⓥ⋡⊛෸߮⚻✲㨉⥄ὼߣ౒↢ߔࠆ࿖࿯ߩౣ᭴▽ߦะߌߡ‫ޔ‬᳓‛⾰ᓴⅣ޿‫ޔߒ߆ߒޕ‬๮઎♽⛔߿⾌↪⽶ᜂߩขࠅ᳿߼߇᣿⏕ߥ㧔⎇ⓥᦼ㑆 ᐔᚑ 17㨪18 ᐕᐲ㧕 ⅣႺ⎇ⓥㇱ ᴡᎹⅣႺ⎇ⓥቶ    ቶ㐳   Headਥછ⎇ⓥቭ Senior Researcher⎇ⓥቭ
Researcher⎇ⓥຬ
Research Engineer River Environment Division Environment Department                   ⮮↰ శ৻
Koh-ichi FUJITA౷↰ 㓁ሶ
Youko TOMITAዊ〝 ೰ᔒTakeshi OROદ⮮ ཅᄹሶ
Kanako ITOIn this study, to restore the natural system, such as hydrological & material cycles and ecosystems,
it is necessary to construct a social system to induce many residents to participate in environmental
improvement activities. Through the analysis of three regional activities, we proposed the socialsystem to effectively implement watersheds and urban regeneration in accord with nature.
૏ߢ޽ࠅ‫ޔ‬ᐢၞ᳓㒐⚵❱ߪో࿖⊛ߦ⷗ߡ߽ᭂ߼ߡዋߥ㨇⎇ⓥ⋡⊛෸߮⚻✲㨉⥄ὼߣ౒↢ߔࠆ࿖࿯ߩౣ᭴▽ߦะߌߡ‫ޔ‬᳓‛⾰ᓴⅣ޿‫ޔߒ߆ߒޕ‬๮઎♽⛔߿⾌↪⽶ᜂߩขࠅ᳿߼߇᣿⏕ߥ♽߿↢ᘒ♽╬ߩ⥄ὼࠪࠬ࠹ࡓࠍ଻ో࡮ౣ↢ߒ‫⥄ޔ‬ὼߩᐢၞ᳓㒐⚵❱߽ో࿖ߦߪ޿ߊߟ߆ሽ࿷ߔࠆ‫ޕ‬♽߿↢ᘒ♽╬ߩ⥄ὼࠪࠬ࠹ࡓࠍ଻ో࡮ౣ↢ߒ‫⥄ޔ‬ὼߩᐢၞ᳓㒐⚵❱߽ో࿖ߦߪ޿ߊߟ߆ሽ࿷ߔࠆ‫ޕ‬ᕲᕺࠍ੨ฃߢ߈ࠆ࿖࿯࡮ㇺᏒࠍታ⃻ߔࠆߚ߼ߦ‫ⴕޔ‬᡽(b)ජᱦᎹᵹၞߣో࿖ߩᐢၞ᳓㒐⚵❱ߩታᘒ߆ࠄ‫ޔ‬ජᱦᕲᕺࠍ੨ฃߢ߈ࠆ࿖࿯࡮ㇺᏒࠍታ⃻ߔࠆߚ߼ߦ‫ⴕޔ‬᡽(b)ජᱦᎹᵹၞߣో࿖ߩᐢၞ᳓㒐⚵❱ߩታᘒ߆ࠄ‫ޔ‬ජᱦ߇ⅣႺౣ↢ߦ㑐ߔࠆᣉ╷߿੐ᬺࠍലᨐ⊛ߦㅴ߼ࠆߛߌ

Ꮉᵹၞߦ߅ߌࠆᐢၞ᳓㒐ࡀ࠶࠻ࡢ࡯ࠢࡕ࠺࡞(࿑-1)ࠍ

߇ⅣႺౣ↢ߦ㑐ߔࠆᣉ╷߿੐ᬺࠍലᨐ⊛ߦㅴ߼ࠆߛߌᎹᵹၞߦ߅ߌࠆᐢၞ᳓㒐ࡀ࠶࠻ࡢ࡯ࠢࡕ࠺࡞(࿑-1)ࠍ

ߢߥߊ‫ޔ‬ᄙߊߩ࿖᳃߇‫ޔ‬ⅣႺ଻ోߩߚ߼ߩขࠅ⚵ߺߦឭ᩺ߒߚ‫ޕ‬ᣢሽߩ੤ᵹ᜚ὐᣉ⸳ࠍ‫ޔ‬૕㛎ࡊࡠࠣ࡜ࡓߩ

ߢߥߊ‫ޔ‬ᄙߊߩ࿖᳃߇‫ޔ‬ⅣႺ଻ోߩߚ߼ߩขࠅ⚵ߺߦឭ᩺ߒߚ‫ޕ‬ᣢሽߩ੤ᵹ᜚ὐᣉ⸳ࠍ‫ޔ‬૕㛎ࡊࡠࠣ࡜ࡓߩෳടߢ߈ࠆ␠ળࠪࠬ࠹ࡓߩᢛ஻߇᳞߼ࠄࠇߡ޿ࠆ‫ޕ‬ታᣉ‫ޔ‬㑐ㅪਥ૕ߩ੤ᵹ‫ޔ‬᳓㒐දജ࿅૕ߩ⊓㍳ߩ႐ߣߒෳടߢ߈ࠆ␠ળࠪࠬ࠹ࡓߩᢛ஻߇᳞߼ࠄࠇߡ޿ࠆ‫ޕ‬ታᣉ‫ޔ‬㑐ㅪਥ૕ߩ੤ᵹ‫ޔ‬᳓㒐දജ࿅૕ߩ⊓㍳ߩ႐ߣߒᧄ⎇ⓥߪ‫ޔ‬021 ߦࠃࠆ࿾ၞᵴേߩ⃻⁁ࠍㅢߓߡ⺖㗴ߡ 021 ߇ㆇ༡࡮ᵴ↪ߔࠆߎߣߢ‫ޔ‬ᵹၞන૏ߩ᳓㒐දജᧄ⎇ⓥߪ‫ޔ‬021 ߦࠃࠆ࿾ၞᵴേߩ⃻⁁ࠍㅢߓߡ⺖㗴ߡ 021 ߇ㆇ༡࡮ᵴ↪ߔࠆߎߣߢ‫ޔ‬ᵹၞන૏ߩ᳓㒐දജࠍ᣿⏕ൻߒ‫ޔ‬㒐ἴ߿‫ޔ‬ᴡᎹߩᢛ஻࡮ᵴ↪ߦ㑐ࠊࠆ 021૕೙ߩ᭴▽ߣᣣᏱ⊛ߥ᳓㒐໪⊒ࠍ⋡ᜰߔ߽ߩߢ޽ࠆ‫ޕ‬ࠍ᣿⏕ൻߒ‫ޔ‬㒐ἴ߿‫ޔ‬ᴡᎹߩᢛ஻࡮ᵴ↪ߦ㑐ࠊࠆ 021૕೙ߩ᭴▽ߣᣣᏱ⊛ߥ᳓㒐໪⊒ࠍ⋡ᜰߔ߽ߩߢ޽ࠆ‫ޕ‬ߩᓎഀ߿ 021 ᵴേߩ޽ࠅᣇࠍ␜ߔߣ߽ߦ‫ޔ‬ᓧࠄࠇߚ⍮ߎߩࠃ߁ߦ 021 ߦ᳞߼ࠄࠇࠆᓎഀߪᣣᏱ⊛ߥ᳓㒐໪ߩᓎഀ߿ 021 ᵴേߩ޽ࠅᣇࠍ␜ߔߣ߽ߦ‫ޔ‬ᓧࠄࠇߚ⍮ߎߩࠃ߁ߦ 021 ߦ᳞߼ࠄࠇࠆᓎഀߪᣣᏱ⊛ߥ᳓㒐໪⷗ࠍ৻⥸ൻߔࠆߎߣߦࠃࠅ‫ޔ‬᳓ⅣႺ଻ోဳ␠ળߩ᭴▽⊒ᵴേ߿‫ޔ‬਄⸥ߩࠃ߁ߥ੤ᵹߩ႐ߩഃ಴ߢ޽ࠆ‫ޔߚ߹ޕ‬⷗ࠍ৻⥸ൻߔࠆߎߣߦࠃࠅ‫ޔ‬᳓ⅣႺ଻ోဳ␠ળߩ᭴▽⊒ᵴേ߿‫ޔ‬਄⸥ߩࠃ߁ߥ੤ᵹߩ႐ߩഃ಴ߢ޽ࠆ‫ޔߚ߹ޕ‬ߦะߌߚ࿾ၞᵴേߥߤߩዷᦸߦߟ޿ߡឭ᩺ߔࠆ߽ߩߢ

᳓㒐දജ࿅૕ߣߒߡߩ⊓㍳߿ࡏ࡜ࡦ࠹ࠖࠕ⊓㍳೙ᐲߩߦะߌߚ࿾ၞᵴേߥߤߩዷᦸߦߟ޿ߡឭ᩺ߔࠆ߽ߩߢ

᳓㒐දജ࿅૕ߣߒߡߩ⊓㍳߿ࡏ࡜ࡦ࠹ࠖࠕ⊓㍳೙ᐲߩ޽ࠆ‫ޕ‬᭴▽ߦࠃࠅ‫ޔ‬ἴኂ೨‫ޔ‬ἴኂᤨ‫ޔ‬ἴኂᓟߩ 021 ߩᓎഀࠍ޽ࠆ‫ޕ‬᭴▽ߦࠃࠅ‫ޔ‬ἴኂ೨‫ޔ‬ἴኂᤨ‫ޔ‬ἴኂᓟߩ 021 ߩᓎഀࠍ᣿⏕ൻߔࠆߎߣ߽㊀ⷐߢ޽ࠆ‫ޕ‬㨇⎇ⓥౝኈߣᚑᨐ㨉᣿⏕ൻߔࠆߎߣ߽㊀ⷐߢ޽ࠆ‫ޕ‬㨇⎇ⓥౝኈߣᚑᨐ㨉ᵹၞㅪ៤ᙣ⺣ળ‫ޔ‬ฦ⥄ᴦ૕ߩ᳓㒐࿅Ԙో࿖ߩ࿾ၞᵴേߩಽᨆ⚿ᨐߩᢛℂ࿾ၞ㒐ἴ⚵❱ᵹၞฦ࿾ߩ NPO(1)ජᱦᎹᵹၞߦ߅ߌࠆᐢၞ㒐ἴࡀ࠶࠻ࡢ࡯ࠢߩᒻᚑ⍹⁚ᎹߩᡰᎹߢ޽ࠆජᱦᎹߩᵹၞߢߪ‫ޔ‬ᐔᚑ 12 ᐕ੤ᵹ᜚ὐ㧔ㆇ༡㧦NPO㧕ᴡᎹ▤ℂ⠪࿾ၞ૑᳃ߦජᱦᎹᵹၞㅪ៤ᙣ⺣ળ߇ⴕ᡽‫ޔ‬NPO ߩෳ↹ߦࠃࠅ⚿ߪචಽߦߪᢛ஻ߐࠇߡ߅ࠄߕ‫ޔ‬ᐢၞ㒐ἴࡀ࠶࠻ࡢ࡯ࠢࠍᒻᚑߔࠆᔅⷐᕈ߇࿾ၞᵴേߩਛߢ⹺⼂ߐࠇߟߟ޽ࠆ‫ޕ‬ߘߎߢ‫ޔ‬021 ᴺੱ᳓ⅣႺർᶏ㆏ߢߪ‫ޔ‬᳓ኂᤨߩᐢၞ㒐ἴࠪࠬ࠹ࡓ‫ޔ‬᳓㒐ᵴേ‫ޔ‬ᐢၞㆱ㔍૕೙╬ߩታᘒࠍ⺞ߴ‫ޔ‬ᐢၞ࡟ࡌ࡞ߢߩᵹၞㅪ៤ߦ㑐ࠊࠆ⺖㗴ࠍᢛℂߒ‫ޔ‬021࡮૑᳃╬ߩᐔᏱᤨ߆ࠄߩㅪ៤߿੤ᵹߩ޽ࠅᣇ╬ߦߟ޿ߡᬌ⸛ߒߚ‫⚿ߩߘޕ‬ᨐࠍએਅߦ␜ߔ‫ޕ‬(a)ฦ⥄ᴦ૕ߩ㒐ἴࡑ࠶ࡊࠍᵹၞන૏ߢ⷗ࠆߣ᭽‫ߥޘ‬ਇᢛว߇޽ࠆ‫ޔߚ߹ޕ‬᳓㒐▤ℂ࿅૕ߪᱴߤ߇Ꮢ↸᧛න࿾ၞ㒐ἴ⚵❱
ᵹၞฦ࿾ߩ NPO(1)ජᱦᎹᵹၞߦ߅ߌࠆᐢၞ㒐ἴࡀ࠶࠻ࡢ࡯ࠢߩᒻᚑ⍹⁚ᎹߩᡰᎹߢ޽ࠆජᱦᎹߩᵹၞߢߪ‫ޔ‬ᐔᚑ 12 ᐕ੤ᵹ᜚ὐ㧔ㆇ༡㧦NPO㧕ᴡᎹ▤ℂ⠪࿾ၞ૑᳃ߦජᱦᎹᵹၞㅪ៤ᙣ⺣ળ߇ⴕ᡽‫ޔ‬NPO ߩෳ↹ߦࠃࠅ⚿ᚑߐࠇ‫ޔ‬ᴡᎹߩⅣႺ଻ో߿ᵹၞㅪ៤ᵴേ߇ଦㅴߐࠇߡ޿ࠆ‫ޔߒ߆ߒޕ‬ਥߦᵩ᳓ኻ╷ࠍᔨ㗡ߦ߅޿ߚᵹၞㅪ៤ᵹၞㅪ៤ᙣ⺣ળ‫ޔ‬ฦ⥄ᴦ૕ߩ᳓㒐࿅Ԙో࿖ߩ࿾ၞᵴേߩಽᨆ⚿ᨐߩᢛℂ࿑㧝 ජᱦᎹᵹၞ᳓㒐ࡀ࠶࠻ࡢ࡯ࠢࡕ࠺࡞ ࠗࡔ࡯ࠫ(2)ઁ㐷Ꮉౣ↢ߦࠃࠆ᳓ㇺߩౣ↢߆ߟߡߪᣂẟᏒౝߩାỚᎹᵷᎹߢ޽ߞߚઁ㐷Ꮉ ࿑ ߪၒ߼┙ߡࠄࠇߡ㆏〝ߣߥߞߚ߇‫ࠍࠇߎޔ‬Ꮢ᳃ෳടဳߩ੐ᬺߣߒߡౣ↢ߔࠆߚ߼ߩᬌ⸛߇‫ޔ‬021 ᴺੱᣂẟ᳓ㄝߩળߥߤߦࠃߞߡㅴ߼ࠄࠇߡ޿ࠆ‫ߢ߹ࠇߎޕ‬ㇺᏒⅣႺߩౣ↢‫ޔ‬໡ᬺߩᵴᕈൻ‫ޔ‬㒐ἴ߳ߩᵴ↪ߦะߌߚᬌ⸛߿⥄ὼᴡᎹ߹ߚߪㆇᴡ⊛᳓〝ߣߒߡߩౣ↢ߦะߌߚᛛⴚ⊛ᬌ⸛ࠍㅴ߼ߡ߈ߚ‫ઁޕ‬㐷Ꮉౣ↢ߦࠃࠆㇺᏒ߳ߩ᭽‫ߥޘ‬ലᨐ㧔⥱ㆇⷰశߩዷ㐿‫ޔ‬ㇺᏒ㐿⊒ߩଦㅴ╬㧕ࠍ

- 85 -ᚑߐࠇ‫ޔ‬ᴡᎹߩⅣႺ଻ో߿ᵹၞㅪ៤ᵴേ߇ଦㅴߐࠇߡ޿ࠆ‫ޔߒ߆ߒޕ‬ਥߦᵩ᳓ኻ╷ࠍᔨ㗡ߦ߅޿ߚᵹၞㅪ៤ߪචಽߦߪᢛ஻ߐࠇߡ߅ࠄߕ‫ޔ‬ᐢၞ㒐ἴࡀ࠶࠻ࡢ࡯ࠢࠍᒻᚑߔࠆᔅⷐᕈ߇࿾ၞᵴേߩਛߢ⹺⼂ߐࠇߟߟ޽ࠆ‫ޕ‬ߘߎߢ‫ޔ‬021 ᴺੱ᳓ⅣႺർᶏ㆏ߢߪ‫ޔ‬᳓ኂᤨߩᐢၞ㒐ἴࠪࠬ࠹ࡓ‫ޔ‬᳓㒐ᵴേ‫ޔ‬ᐢၞㆱ㔍૕೙╬ߩታᘒࠍ⺞ߴ‫ޔ‬ᐢၞ࡟ࡌ࡞ߢߩᵹၞㅪ៤ߦ㑐ࠊࠆ⺖㗴ࠍᢛℂߒ‫ޔ‬021࡮૑᳃╬ߩᐔᏱᤨ߆ࠄߩㅪ៤߿੤ᵹߩ޽ࠅᣇ╬ߦߟ޿ߡᬌ⸛ߒߚ‫⚿ߩߘޕ‬ᨐࠍએਅߦ␜ߔ‫ޕ‬(a)ฦ⥄ᴦ૕ߩ㒐ἴࡑ࠶ࡊࠍᵹၞන૏ߢ⷗ࠆߣ᭽‫ߥޘ‬ਇᢛว߇޽ࠆ‫ޔߚ߹ޕ‬᳓㒐▤ℂ࿅૕ߪᱴߤ߇Ꮢ↸᧛න࿑㧝 ජᱦᎹᵹၞ᳓㒐ࡀ࠶࠻ࡢ࡯ࠢࡕ࠺࡞ ࠗࡔ࡯ࠫ(2)ઁ㐷Ꮉౣ↢ߦࠃࠆ᳓ㇺߩౣ↢߆ߟߡߪᣂẟᏒౝߩାỚᎹᵷᎹߢ޽ߞߚઁ㐷Ꮉ ࿑ ߪၒ߼┙ߡࠄࠇߡ㆏〝ߣߥߞߚ߇‫ࠍࠇߎޔ‬Ꮢ᳃ෳടဳߩ੐ᬺߣߒߡౣ↢ߔࠆߚ߼ߩᬌ⸛߇‫ޔ‬021 ᴺੱᣂẟ᳓ㄝߩળߥߤߦࠃߞߡㅴ߼ࠄࠇߡ޿ࠆ‫ߢ߹ࠇߎޕ‬ㇺᏒⅣႺߩౣ↢‫ޔ‬໡ᬺߩᵴᕈൻ‫ޔ‬㒐ἴ߳ߩᵴ↪ߦะߌߚᬌ⸛߿⥄ὼᴡᎹ߹ߚߪㆇᴡ⊛᳓〝ߣߒߡߩౣ↢ߦะߌߚᛛⴚ⊛ᬌ⸛ࠍㅴ߼ߡ߈ߚ‫ઁޕ‬㐷Ꮉౣ↢ߦࠃࠆㇺᏒ߳ߩ᭽‫ߥޘ‬ലᨐ㧔⥱ㆇⷰశߩዷ㐿‫ޔ‬ㇺᏒ㐿⊒ߩଦㅴ╬㧕ࠍ

- 85 -ᒁ߈಴ߔߚ߼ߦߪ‫ޔ‬021 ߇‫ⴕޔ‬᡽߿ડᬺߥߤฦਥ૕߇

ߢ߈ߚ NPO ߇ᣣᏱߩࡀ࠶࠻ࡢ࡯ࠢࠍᵴ↪ߒߚ㒐ἴߩᒁ߈಴ߔߚ߼ߦߪ‫ޔ‬021 ߇‫ⴕޔ‬᡽߿ડᬺߥߤฦਥ૕߇

ߢ߈ߚ NPO ߇ᣣᏱߩࡀ࠶࠻ࡢ࡯ࠢࠍᵴ↪ߒߚ㒐ἴߩᜬߟ㗔ၞ߿ߒ߇ࠄߺߦᝒࠊࠇࠆߎߣߥߊ‫ޔ‬࿾ၞో૕ߩᓎഀ߽૬ߖᜬߟߎߣ߇㊀ⷐߣ⠨߃ࠄࠇࠆ‫ޕ‬ᜬߟ㗔ၞ߿ߒ߇ࠄߺߦᝒࠊࠇࠆߎߣߥߊ‫ޔ‬࿾ၞో૕ߩᓎഀ߽૬ߖᜬߟߎߣ߇㊀ⷐߣ⠨߃ࠄࠇࠆ‫ޕ‬ᵴᕈൻࠍ⋡ᜰߒߚౣ↢੐ᬺࠍ‫ޔ‬Ꮢ᳃ෳടဳ੐ᬺߣߒߡԘ  ߩ੐଀߆ࠄ‫ޔ‬੐ᬺߩ⸘↹Ბ㓏߆ࠄᢛ஻ᓟߩ▤ℂᵴᕈൻࠍ⋡ᜰߒߚౣ↢੐ᬺࠍ‫ޔ‬Ꮢ᳃ෳടဳ੐ᬺߣߒߡԘ  ߩ੐଀߆ࠄ‫ޔ‬੐ᬺߩ⸘↹Ბ㓏߆ࠄᢛ஻ᓟߩ▤ℂឭ᩺࡮ෳ↹ߔࠆߎߣ߇᦭ലߢ޽ࠆ‫ޔߒ߆ߒޕ‬੐ᬺታᣉߦ⥋ࠆ߹ߢࠍ‫ޔ‬࿾ၞ૑᳃ߩෳ↹ߦࠃࠅㅴ߼ࠆ਄ߢ‫ࠫޔ‬ឭ᩺࡮ෳ↹ߔࠆߎߣ߇᦭ലߢ޽ࠆ‫ޔߒ߆ߒޕ‬੐ᬺታᣉߦ⥋ࠆ߹ߢࠍ‫ޔ‬࿾ၞ૑᳃ߩෳ↹ߦࠃࠅㅴ߼ࠆ਄ߢ‫ࠫޔ‬ߩ㓙ߪ‫ⴕޔ‬᡽‫ޔ‬ડᬺߥߤߦࠃࠆ᡽╷߿⾗㊄㕙ߢߩᡰេ࡚ࠗࡦ࠻࠮ࠢ࠲࡯ߣߒߡߩᓎഀ߇ᦼᓙߐࠇࠆ‫ޕ‬ߩ㓙ߪ‫ⴕޔ‬᡽‫ޔ‬ડᬺߥߤߦࠃࠆ᡽╷߿⾗㊄㕙ߢߩᡰេ࡚ࠗࡦ࠻࠮ࠢ࠲࡯ߣߒߡߩᓎഀ߇ᦼᓙߐࠇࠆ‫ޕ‬Ԙ  ߩ੐଀߆ࠄ‫ޔ‬ᜬ⛯น⢻ߥ࡝ࡃ࡯࠷࡯࡝࠭ࡓߩታ߇ਇนᰳߢ޽ࠅ‫ޔ‬࿾ర߿ 021 ߦࠃࠆ▤ℂࠍ฽߼ߡ✎ኒ⃻ߦะߌߡ࿾ၞߩᄙ᭽ߥ࠮ࠢ࠲࡯ߣߩㅪ៤ࠍㅴ߼ࠆߎߥ੐ᬺ߿ㆇ༡૕೙ߩឭ᩺߇ᔅⷐߢ޽ࠆ‫ޕ‬(3) ਻Ꮊߦ߅ߌࠆᵹၞࠛࠦ࠷࡯࡝࠭ࡓ⃻ߦะߌߡ࿾ၞߩᄙ᭽ߥ࠮ࠢ࠲࡯ߣߩㅪ៤ࠍㅴ߼ࠆߎߥ੐ᬺ߿ㆇ༡૕೙ߩឭ᩺߇ᔅⷐߢ޽ࠆ‫ޕ‬ߣ߇‫ޔ‬ᴡᎹߩ೑ᵴ↪ߩߺߥࠄߕᵹၞ㒐ἴߥߤ࿾ၞߩ⺖ߣ߇‫ޔ‬ᴡᎹߩ೑ᵴ↪ߩߺߥࠄߕᵹၞ㒐ἴߥߤ࿾ၞߩ⺖㗴⸃᳿߿࿾ၞࠦࡒࡘ࠾࠹ࠖߩᵴᕈൻߦነਈߔࠆߣ⠨߃㗴⸃᳿߿࿾ၞࠦࡒࡘ࠾࠹ࠖߩᵴᕈൻߦነਈߔࠆߣ⠨߃ࠄࠇࠆ‫ޕ‬ࠄࠇࠆ‫ޕ‬Ԛ᳓ⅣႺ଻ోဳ␠ળߩ᭴▽ߦะߌߡԚ᳓ⅣႺ଻ోဳ␠ળߩ᭴▽ߦะߌߡ ⃻࿷‫ޔ‬ቭߣ᳃ߩ޽ࠅᣇࠍ฽߻␠ળ᭴ㅧߩᨒ⚵ߺ߿೙ ⃻࿷‫ޔ‬ቭߣ᳃ߩ޽ࠅᣇࠍ฽߻␠ળ᭴ㅧߩᨒ⚵ߺ߿೙ᐲߦߟ޿ߡ⷗⋥ߒߩᔅⷐߦㄼࠄࠇ‫ޔ‬ᣂߚߥᤨઍ߳ߩㆊᐲߦߟ޿ߡ⷗⋥ߒߩᔅⷐߦㄼࠄࠇ‫ޔ‬ᣂߚߥᤨઍ߳ߩㆊᷰᦼߦ޽ࠆߣหᤨߦ‫ޔ‬021 ߩ␠ળߦ߅ߌࠆ૏⟎ߠߌߦᷰᦼߦ޽ࠆߣหᤨߦ‫ޔ‬021 ߩ␠ળߦ߅ߌࠆ૏⟎ߠߌߦߟ޿ߡ߽⹜ⴕ㍲⺋ߩਛߢ‫ޔ‬᳓ⅣႺ଻ోဳ␠ળߩታ⃻ߦߟ޿ߡ߽⹜ⴕ㍲⺋ߩਛߢ‫ޔ‬᳓ⅣႺ଻ోဳ␠ળߩታ⃻ߦะߌߡ᦭ലߦ௛ߊࠃ߁ߥ઀⚵ߺߠߊࠅߦⴕ᡽߽⽸₂ߔะߌߡ᦭ലߦ௛ߊࠃ߁ߥ઀⚵ߺߠߊࠅߦⴕ᡽߽⽸₂ߔࠆߎߣ߇᳞߼ࠄࠇߡ޿ࠆ‫⎇ᧄޕ‬ⓥߢኻ⽎ߣߒߚԘ࿾ၞࠆߎߣ߇᳞߼ࠄࠇߡ޿ࠆ‫⎇ᧄޕ‬ⓥߢኻ⽎ߣߒߚԘ࿾ၞ㒐ἴ߳ߩදജ࡮ෳ↹‫ޔ‬ԙᏒ᳃⊒߹ߜߠߊࠅߩឭ᩺࡮ㆇ㒐ἴ߳ߩදജ࡮ෳ↹‫ޔ‬ԙᏒ᳃⊒߹ߜߠߊࠅߩឭ᩺࡮ㆇ༡‫ޔ‬Ԛ࡝ࡃ࡯࠷࡯࡝࠭ࡓࠍㅢߓߚ࿾ၞᖱႎߩ⊒ା࡮Ⅳ࿑ ᄢᱜᧃᦼߩᣂẟᏒߩၳߩ᭎ᔨ࿑Ԙ  ߩ੐଀߆ࠄ‫ޔ‬ᜬ⛯น⢻ߥ࡝ࡃ࡯࠷࡯࡝࠭ࡓߩታ߇ਇนᰳߢ޽ࠅ‫ޔ‬࿾ర߿ 021 ߦࠃࠆ▤ℂࠍ฽߼ߡ✎ኒႺቇ⠌ߩࡆࠫࡀࠬࡕ࠺࡞ൻ߇ 021 ߦࠃࠆ᳓ⅣႺ଻ోဳ༡‫ޔ‬Ԛ࡝ࡃ࡯࠷࡯࡝࠭ࡓࠍㅢߓߚ࿾ၞᖱႎߩ⊒ା࡮Ⅳ࿑ ᄢᱜᧃᦼߩᣂẟᏒߩၳߩ᭎ᔨ࿑
(3) ਻Ꮊߦ߅ߌࠆᵹၞࠛࠦ࠷࡯࡝࠭ࡓႺቇ⠌ߩࡆࠫࡀࠬࡕ࠺࡞ൻ߇ 021 ߦࠃࠆ᳓ⅣႺ଻ోဳ਻Ꮊ࿾ᣇᢛ஻ዪߦࠃࠆ‫ޡ‬Ꮉߩ⊒⷗࡮ౣ⊒⷗ࡊࡠࠫࠚ␠ળߩ᭴▽ߦะߌߚᣂߚߥዷ㐿ߩ৻଀ߣߒߡ૏⟎ߠߌ਻Ꮊ࿾ᣇᢛ஻ዪߦࠃࠆ‫ޡ‬Ꮉߩ⊒⷗࡮ౣ⊒⷗ࡊࡠࠫࠚ␠ળߩ᭴▽ߦะߌߚᣂߚߥዷ㐿ߩ৻଀ߣߒߡ૏⟎ߠߌࠢ࠻ផㅴࡕ࠺࡞੐ᬺ‫ޔߪߢޢ‬ᵹၞⅣႺ଻ోᵴേ߿࿾ၞࠄࠇࠃ߁‫ౕߩࠄࠇߎޕ‬૕ߩታ〣࡮ขࠅ⚵ߺࠍㅢߓߡ‫ޔ‬ࠢ࠻ផㅴࡕ࠺࡞੐ᬺ‫ޔߪߢޢ‬ᵹၞⅣႺ଻ోᵴേ߿࿾ၞࠄࠇࠃ߁‫ౕߩࠄࠇߎޕ‬૕ߩታ〣࡮ขࠅ⚵ߺࠍㅢߓߡ‫ޔ‬ᝄ⥝╬ࠍ⋡⊛ߦ‫ߩ߳╬ࡓ࠭࡝࡯࠷࡯ࡃ࡝ޔ‬ᡰេࠍⴕߞ࿾ၞ‫ޔ‬021 ߿ⴕ᡽ߩᣂߚߥ૏⟎ߠߌ‫ޔ‬ᓎഀ߇૕♽ൻ‫ޔ‬ᝄ⥝╬ࠍ⋡⊛ߦ‫ߩ߳╬ࡓ࠭࡝࡯࠷࡯ࡃ࡝ޔ‬ᡰេࠍⴕߞ࿾ၞ‫ޔ‬021 ߿ⴕ᡽ߩᣂߚߥ૏⟎ߠߌ‫ޔ‬ᓎഀ߇૕♽ൻ‫ޔ‬ߡ޿ࠆ‫ޕ‬021 ਻Ꮊᵹၞㅪ៤ળ⼏ߢߪᣂߚߥⷰశߩⷞὐ‫ޔ‬ℂ⺰ൻߐࠇࠆߎߣߦࠃࠅ‫ోޔ‬࿖ฦ࿾߳ߩዷ㐿߇࿑ࠄࠇߡ޿ࠆ‫ޕ‬021 ਻Ꮊᵹၞㅪ៤ળ⼏ߢߪᣂߚߥⷰశߩⷞὐ‫ޔ‬ℂ⺰ൻߐࠇࠆߎߣߦࠃࠅ‫ోޔ‬࿖ฦ࿾߳ߩዷ㐿߇࿑ࠄࠇ⾗Ḯߩ⊒ជ‫ޔ‬Ꮢ᳃ߣߩㅪ៤ߦࠃࠆࠟࠗ࠼ࠪࠬ࠹ࡓ╬ߦࠆߣ⠨߃ࠄࠇࠆ‫ޕ‬⾗Ḯߩ⊒ជ‫ޔ‬Ꮢ᳃ߣߩㅪ៤ߦࠃࠆࠟࠗ࠼ࠪࠬ࠹ࡓ╬ߦࠆߣ⠨߃ࠄࠇࠆ‫ޕ‬ࠃࠆࠛࠦ࠷࡯࡝࠭ࡓࠍ╳ᓟᎹᵹၞߥߤߢ⹜ⴕߒߡ޿ࠆ‫ޕ‬021 ਻Ꮊᵹၞㅪ៤ળ⼏ߦࠃࠆ࡝ࡃ࡯࠷࡯࡝࠭ࡓߩታ㨇ᚑᨐߩ⊒⴫㨉ࠃࠆࠛࠦ࠷࡯࡝࠭ࡓࠍ╳ᓟᎹᵹၞߥߤߢ⹜ⴕߒߡ޿ࠆ‫ޕ‬021 ਻Ꮊᵹၞㅪ៤ળ⼏ߦࠃࠆ࡝ࡃ࡯࠷࡯࡝࠭ࡓߩታ㨇ᚑᨐߩ⊒⴫㨉ᣉ⠪߳ߩࠕࡦࠤ࡯࠻⚿ᨐ߆ࠄ‫੹ޔ‬ᓟ⛮⛯ߒߡ޿ߊߚ߼࡮⑔↰᥍⠹㧘⮮↰శ৻㧘દ⮮ᒄਯ㧘ዊ〝೰ᔒ㧦⥄ὼߣᣉ⠪߳ߩࠕࡦࠤ࡯࠻⚿ᨐ߆ࠄ‫੹ޔ‬ᓟ⛮⛯ߒߡ޿ߊߚ߼࡮⑔↰᥍⠹㧘⮮↰శ৻㧘દ⮮ᒄਯ㧘ዊ〝೰ᔒ㧦⥄ὼߣߦߪ‫ޔ‬ᵹၞߩ࿾ၞߣ৻૕ߣߥߞߚ࠷ࠕ࡯߿‫ߩ࡯ࠕ࠷ޔ‬౒↢ߔࠆ࿖࿯ߩౣ᭴▽ߩߚ߼ߩࡊࡠ࠮ࠬߣᛛⴚ⎇ⓥ,ߦߪ‫ޔ‬ᵹၞߩ࿾ၞߣ৻૕ߣߥߞߚ࠷ࠕ࡯߿‫ߩ࡯ࠕ࠷ޔ‬౒↢ߔࠆ࿖࿯ߩౣ᭴▽ߩߚ߼ߩࡊࡠ࠮ࠬߣᛛⴚ⎇ⓥ,ࡄ࠲࡯ࡦൻ‫᧚ੱߩߤߥ࠼ࠗࠟޔ‬⢒ᚑߩࡊࡠࠣ࡜ࡓൻ߇࿯ᧁᛛⴚ⾗ᢱ, Vol.48-1, pp24-27, 2006㧚

ࡄ࠲࡯ࡦൻ‫᧚ੱߩߤߥ࠼ࠗࠟޔ‬⢒ᚑߩࡊࡠࠣ࡜ࡓൻ߇࿯ᧁᛛⴚ⾗ᢱ, Vol.48-1, pp24-27, 2006㧚

ᔅⷐߢ޽ࠆߎߣ߇᣿ࠄ߆ߦߥߞߚ‫ޕ‬ᔅⷐߢ޽ࠆߎߣ߇᣿ࠄ߆ߦߥߞߚ‫ޕ‬߹ߚ‫ޔ‬ᜬ⛯น⢻ߥ࡝ࡃ࡯࠷࡯࡝࠭ࡓ߿࿾ၞߩᵴᕈൻ㨇ᚑᨐߩᵴ↪㨉߹ߚ‫ޔ‬ᜬ⛯น⢻ߥ࡝ࡃ࡯࠷࡯࡝࠭ࡓ߿࿾ၞߩᵴᕈൻ㨇ᚑᨐߩᵴ↪㨉ߩߚ߼ߦߪ‫ޔ‬021 ߇ᜬߞߡ޿ࠆᵹၞߦ㑐ߔࠆᖱႎߩ࠺

ᧄ⎇ⓥߩᚑᨐ߇‫ޔ‬ᵹၞ㒐ἴ߿ᴡᎹߩᢛ஻࡮ᵴ↪㕙߆ߩߚ߼ߦߪ‫ޔ‬021 ߇ᜬߞߡ޿ࠆᵹၞߦ㑐ߔࠆᖱႎߩ࠺ᧄ⎇ⓥߩᚑᨐ߇‫ޔ‬ᵹၞ㒐ἴ߿ᴡᎹߩᢛ஻࡮ᵴ↪㕙߆࡯࠲ࡌ࡯ࠬൻ߿ᵹၞ߳ߩ⸰໧⠪ߦኻߔࠆᵹၞᖱႎឭ

ࠄߩ 021 ᵴേߦ㑐ࠊࠆขࠅ⚵ߺߦᵴ↪ߐࠇࠆߎߣߦࠃ࡯࠲ࡌ࡯ࠬൻ߿ᵹၞ߳ߩ⸰໧⠪ߦኻߔࠆᵹၞᖱႎឭ

ࠄߩ 021 ᵴേߦ㑐ࠊࠆขࠅ⚵ߺߦᵴ↪ߐࠇࠆߎߣߦࠃଏ࡮⊒ାᣇᴺߩᬌ⸛߇ᔅⷐߢ޽ࠆ‫ޕ‬ࠅ‫ޔ‬୘೎ߩ 021 ᵴേߩ᜛ᄢߦነਈߔࠆߣߣ߽ߦ‫ోޔ‬࿖ଏ࡮⊒ାᣇᴺߩᬌ⸛߇ᔅⷐߢ޽ࠆ‫ޕ‬ࠅ‫ޔ‬୘೎ߩ 021 ᵴേߩ᜛ᄢߦነਈߔࠆߣߣ߽ߦ‫ోޔ‬࿖ฦ࿾ߩ᳓ⅣႺ଻ోဳ␠ળߩ᭴▽ߦ㑐ࠊࠆᵴേ߳ߩዷ㐿߇࿑ࠄࠇࠆ‫ޕ‬ԙ࿾ၞߩᓎഀߣ࿾ၞᵴേߩᣇะᕈ

ฦ࿾ߩ᳓ⅣႺ଻ోဳ␠ળߩ᭴▽ߦ㑐ࠊࠆᵴേ߳ߩዷ㐿߇࿑ࠄࠇࠆ‫ޕ‬ԙ࿾ၞߩᓎഀߣ࿾ၞᵴേߩᣇะᕈ

࿖ౝߩᎹ߿᳓ㄝߩⅣႺߦ㑐ߔࠆ࿾ၞᵴേߪ‫ޔ‬ᒰೋ‫ޔ‬࿖ౝߩᎹ߿᳓ㄝߩⅣႺߦ㑐ߔࠆ࿾ၞᵴേߪ‫ޔ‬ᒰೋ‫ޔ‬࿾వߩᎹ߿᳓〝‫ޔ‬ḓᴧߥߤߩ᳓⾰ᳪỘ߿᳓ㄝߩࠧࡒߩ࿾వߩᎹ߿᳓〝‫ޔ‬ḓᴧߥߤߩ᳓⾰ᳪỘ߿᳓ㄝߩࠧࡒߩᢔੂ╬ߩ⸃ᶖࠍ⋡⊛ߣߒߡᆎ߹ߞߚ‫ߩߘޕ‬ᓟ‫ⷫޔ‬᳓ᵴᢔੂ╬ߩ⸃ᶖࠍ⋡⊛ߣߒߡᆎ߹ߞߚ‫ߩߘޕ‬ᓟ‫ⷫޔ‬᳓ᵴേ߿Ꮉㆆ߮૕㛎‫ޔ‬ⅣႺᢎ⢒ቇ⠌ߣ޿ߞߚりㄭߥ᳓ⅣႺേ߿Ꮉㆆ߮૕㛎‫ޔ‬ⅣႺᢎ⢒ቇ⠌ߣ޿ߞߚりㄭߥ᳓ⅣႺߩᡷༀ‫ޔ‬࿁ᓳ߳ߣᵴേಽ㊁߇ᐢ߇ߞߡ߈ߚ‫ޕ‬ߩᡷༀ‫ޔ‬࿁ᓳ߳ߣᵴേಽ㊁߇ᐢ߇ߞߡ߈ߚ‫ޕ‬021 ߥߤߩ࿾ၞᵴേ࿅૕ߩᣂߚߥᓎഀߣߒߡ‫ࠇߎޔ‬021 ߥߤߩ࿾ၞᵴേ࿅૕ߩᣂߚߥᓎഀߣߒߡ‫ࠇߎޔ‬߹ߢߩኾࠄ࿾వߩ᳓ㄝߩⅣႺᡷༀ߿ⷫ᳓ᵴേ߆ࠄ‫ޔ‬Ꮉ߹ߢߩኾࠄ࿾వߩ᳓ㄝߩⅣႺᡷༀ߿ⷫ᳓ᵴേ߆ࠄ‫ޔ‬Ꮉߣ࿾ၞߩ㑐ଥࠍౣ᭴▽ߔࠆࠦ࡯࠺ࠖࡀ࡯࠲࡯ߣߒߡߩߣ࿾ၞߩ㑐ଥࠍౣ᭴▽ߔࠆࠦ࡯࠺ࠖࡀ࡯࠲࡯ߣߒߡߩᓎഀ߇੹ᓟᔅⷐߣߥࠆߣ⠨߃ࠄࠇࠆ‫ޕ‬ᓎഀ߇੹ᓟᔅⷐߣߥࠆߣ⠨߃ࠄࠇࠆ‫ޕ‬ౕ૕⊛ߦߪԘ  ߩ੐଀߆ࠄ‫ޔ‬ᣥ᧪ߩ᳓㒐࿅߇ᶖṌߒౕ૕⊛ߦߪԘ  ߩ੐଀߆ࠄ‫ޔ‬ᣥ᧪ߩ᳓㒐࿅߇ᶖṌߒߡ޿ߊߥ߆ߢ‫ޔ‬࿾ၞߦᣂߒ޿᳓㒐ߩ઀⚵ߺࠍ᭴▽ߒߡߡ޿ߊߥ߆ߢ‫ޔ‬࿾ၞߦᣂߒ޿᳓㒐ߩ઀⚵ߺࠍ᭴▽ߒߡ޿ߊ਄ߢ‫ޔ‬᳓ⅣႺߩᡷༀߦ㑐ߔࠆ࿾ၞᵴേߦขࠅ⚵ࠎ޿ߊ਄ߢ‫ޔ‬᳓ⅣႺߩᡷༀߦ㑐ߔࠆ࿾ၞᵴേߦขࠅ⚵ࠎ- 86 -- 86 -