Your carbon
value-added
product
Factsheets of the projects
February 2024

| © EcoAct$

Blue Carbon projects

2| © EcoAct

Sujawal Mangroves
Pakistan3| © EcoAct

Project summary
The challenge
Pakistan is home to one of the largest mangrove ecosystems in the world, with 0.6
million hectares of mangroves. But this ecosystem, which plays a key role inclimate change mitigation and is habitat to various species, is threatened byhuman activities.

The solution
The Sindh province, where the Sujawal project has been running since 2015, is home
to 95% of Pakistan's mangroves. The project aims to protect around 102,000 ha ofexisting mangrove forests but also restore and plant an additional 225,000 ha ofmangroves.

Removals

Project start date: 2015

Throughout its 60-year lifetime (2015-2074), the project will remove 142,050,139
tCO2e from the atmosphere, while improving the living conditions of 43,000
people in the region.

The project information• Name: Delta Blue Carbon - 1• ID: VCS2250• Link to registry: Verra Search Page
| © EcoAct
4• Methodology:
VM0033 -Tidal Wetland and Seagrass Restoration

Mangrove Restoration

Environmental benefits
CO2 removal• Average per year: 2,367,502 tCO2
• Total est. (2015-2074): 142,050,139 tCO2•

purchased 112 018 tCO2 - vintages 2017/2020

Other environmental benefits:• Protection of 102,000 ha of mangrove forests andplanting of an additional 225,000 ha;• Preservation of a Key Biodiversity Area (KBA) which
is a habitat for 38 fish species, 21 crustaceans, 75
birds, 10 mammals and 8 reptiles, including
threatened species such as the Indus River Dolphin;• Mangroves sequester and store more carbon perunit area than any terrestrial forests and play a keyrole in climate change mitigation.
5 | © EcoAct

Social & Economic benefits
Social impact:• 5 reverse osmosis plants will provide safe drinking
water to 43,000 inhabitants in 60 villages;• The project also improves access to health services
and both primary and secondary level education.

Economic impact:• 21,000 full-time jobs will be created, which is almost
half of the local population;• 24,000 community members, including 6,000
women, will be trained in Natural Resource
Management and other activities.

6 | © EcoAct

Reforestation, IFM and
REDD+ Carbon projects

7| © EcoAct

Ka’apor – REDD+
Brazil8 | © EcoAct

Project summary
The challenge
In the Para State of Brazil, over 63% of the Amazon Rainforest has already been lost.
The situation is therefore critical, as the Amazon forest is also a wide area of habitatsthat contain 15% of all species in the world.

The solution
The Ka’apor REDD+ project fights against the deforestation of 27,400 hectares ofrainforest which would have been deforested had traditional logging practices beenused. It will prevent an estimated 7,454,138 tCO2e from entering the atmosphere overten years.

Avoidance

The project supports sustainable social development by intensifying and improving its
practices and improving biodiversity monitoring in the framework of REDD+ (Reducing
Emissions from Deforestation and Forest Degradation).

Project start date: 2007

The project information• Name: Cikel Brazilian Amazon REDD APD Project Avoiding Planned Deforestation• ID: VCS832• Link to registry: Verra Search Page

• Methodology: VM0007 – REDD +9 | © EcoAct

REDD+

Environmental benefits
CO2 avoidance• Average per year: 372,707 tCO2
• Total est. (2007-2017): 7,454,138 tCo2•

purchased 20 000 tCO2 - vintages 2014

Other environmental benefits:• Intensification and improvement of sustainablesocial development practices, maintaining andimproving biodiversity monitoring;• Project protects the biodiversity that depends onthe forest’s ecosystem such as the rare Ka’aporimonkeys that rely on the forest for their survival.

10 | © EcoAct

Social & Economic benefits
Social impact:• Forest creates areas to welcome students fromlocal universities for scientific research;• Improvement of quality of life of projectstakeholders through education, schools andimproved medical facilities.

Economic impact:• The local population is employed to maintain theforest area and safeguard the biodiversity within thestate of Para;• Employment
improvement
households.

11 | © EcoAct

opportunities resulted in theof the quality of life of local

Maine IFM
USA

12 | © EcoAct

Project summary
The challenge
Private lands in the forests of Maine are prone to significant commercial timber
harvesting with high return interests rather than carbon storage and conservation
priorities. This practice is detrimental to biodiversity and causes degradation andshort-lived health of the forestland.

The solution
The Maine IFM project is an improved forest management project on 86,221 acres(34,892 hectares) of northern hardwood and conifer forestland. The goal of the
project is to significantly improve the carbon storage and conservation value of theforest by preventing destructive management regimes of industrial private lands in theregion.
Management decisions will turn to sustainable merchantable timber products andnatural forest growth to ensure long-term sustainable management of the forest.
Significant climate benefits will be achieved from the project activities by maintaining
forest CO2 stocks and environmental benefits to preserve the forestland.

Avoidance/reduction

Project start date: 2020

The project information• Name: Anew - North Maine Woods Forestry Project• ID: ACR587• Link to registry: ACR (apx.com)| © EcoAct
13• Methodology:
Increased Forest Carbon Sequestration on Non‐Federal U.S. Forestlands v.1.3

Improved Forest
Management (IFM)

Environmental, social andeconomic benefits
CO2 avoidance/reduction• Average per year: 154,513 tCO2
• Total estimated (2020-2040): 3,090,251 tCO2•

purchased 35 000 tCO2 - vintages 2020

Other benefits:• Watershed and water quality protection will beachieved by project activities;• Habitat protection for wildlife, plant species and trees
in forested communities with improved sustainable
practices;• Carbon sequestration achieved with improved forest
management plans, helping mitigate climate change;• Protecting the soil from erosion and degradation
with planned activities to upkeep the forest;• Access to recreational opportunities for the local
communities.
14 | © EcoActSeven Counties
USA

15 | © EcoAct

Project summary
The challenge
Heavy timber harvesting in the forests of Minnesota has been a huge ongoing issue
since the early 20th century, contributing towards deforestation and the unsustainable
management of land.

The solution
This Improved Forest Management (IFM) project is implemented with the use of Smart
Forestry practices. The conservation easement was put on all 187,876 acres of theproperty, covering the entirety of the eligible project area (173,385.5 acres). It provides
for the continued management by habitat types and promotes a working forest.
In practice, Smart Forestry, as compared with the typically aggressive cutting by otherprivate industrial forest managers in the region, involves longer rotations/cutting
cycles, and in some cases moving from even‐aged to uneven‐aged management
systems (e.g., from clearcutting aspen to mixed wood, aspen and white spruce, stands
via periodic selective harvest).

Avoidance/reduction

Project start date: 2010

The project information• Name: UPM Blandin Native American Hardwoods Conservation & Carbon
Sequestration Project• ID: ACR212• Link to registry: ACR (apx.com)
16 | © EcoAct• Methodology: Increased Forest Carbon Sequestration on Non‐Federal U.S. Forestlands v.1.3

Improved Forest Management

Environmental benefits
CO2 avoidance/reduction• Average per year: 184,938 tCO2
• Total estimated (2010-2030): 3,698,772 tCO2•

purchased 100 000 tCO2 - vintages 2019

Other environmental benefits:• To evaluate different aspects of forestry andcontinue ongoing research, the property hascompleted a 6-year ectomycorrhizal survey by
habitat type and is involved in cooperative researchwith the Natural Resources Research Institute andthe National Council on Air and Steam
Improvement;• The current Smart Forestry practices maintain thediversity of natural forest communities, alignmanagement with ecological regimes and reduce
harvesting impacts thanks to sustainable activity.

17 | © EcoAct

Social & Economic benefits
Social impact:• The area allows access for recreational use of theproperty, including for snowmobiling, fishing,trapping, cross‐country skiing, bird watching, berry
picking, hiking and snowshoeing;• The activity provides firewood permits to the public
for no fee and the project developer provides away
5,000 seedlings each spring.

Economic impact:• Forest management activities provide employment
to 8 employees and about 30 contractors.

18 | © EcoAct

Taan Forest
United States

19 | © EcoAct

Project summary
The challenge
The forests of Klawock Heenya have been utilised for centuries for subsistence uses
such as firewood, housing materials, and canoe logs. From 1980 to 2015 nearly all thecommercially operable timber on Klawock Heenya lands was harvested.
The solution
The Taan Project protects 8,600 acres of Klawock Heenya forest on Prince of Wales
Island in Alaska. Since then, natural regeneration has resulted in fully stocked, and insome areas overstocked stands of western hemlock, Sitka spruce, western red cedar,and Alaska yellow cedar. Additionally, numerous catalogued anadromous fish
streams within the property are inhabited by Pink Salmon and Coho Salmon.
The registration and management of this project help ensure the long-termsustainable governance of the forest, which could otherwise undergo significant
commercial timber harvesting.

Avoidance/reduction

Project start date: 2018

The project information• Name: Anew - Klawock Heenya Native Community Forestry Project• ID: ACR459• Link to registry: ACR (apx.com)• Methodology: Increased Forest Carbon Sequestration on Non‐Federal U.S.
Forestlands v.1.3
20 | © EcoAct

Improved Forest Management

Environmental benefits
CO2 avoidance/reduction• Average per year: 32,984 mtCO2• Total estimated (2018-2038): 659,674 mtCO2•

purchased 36 057 tCO2 - vintages 2020/2021

Other environmental benefits:• 8,600 acres protected with the implementation of the
project over a minimum of 40 years, 1,000 of which isold-growth forest;• Protection of beaches, wetlands and other waterbased ecosystems, as well as nearly 50 key
migratory streams that serve as spawning grounds forseveral saltwater fish species, such as the Pink andCoho Salmon;• The wetland conditions serve as a wildlife habitat for
migrating shorebirds, deer, bears, etc.;• Protection of a diverse set of terrestrial ecosystems
including forests, alpine environments and recently
deglaciated lands.
21 | © EcoAct

Social & Economic benefits
Social impact:• With the forest conservation, the project will prevent
soil erosion and degradation and improve water
quality for the animals and communities to use;

• Demonstrates high levels of performance inenvironmental protection and social responsibility.

Economic impact:• Project aims to develop a sustainable economy byproviding opportunities for shareholders andcommunity members;• Project allows local residents to persevere
traditional land management and cultural values.

22 | © EcoAct

Tongass Forest
United States

23 | © EcoAct

Project summary
The challenge
Timber harvesting is the most disruptive activity of forestland areas in the United States,
where 89% of the annual harvested timber comes from private lands. Commercial
harvesting has no ongoing or future for the project area, thus improved forest
management (IFM) activities have a huge potential for the area. Business-as-usual
forestry practices do not consider the improvement of management activities that could
result in increased carbon stocks within forests and thus, reduction of GHG emissions
from forestry activities. IFM activities have the potential to offset GHG emissions throughcarbon sequestration, with as much as 50% of total carbon sequestered.

RemovalThe solution
The Tongass IFM project will ensure a long-term and sustainable forest area, which
otherwise could be subject to significant commercial timber harvesting. The
commitment to maintain the forest CO2 stocks above the baseline level in the region will
benefit the climate impacts through carbon sequestration. Preserving the old growth
sections and promoting secondary growth sections will ensure the longevity of theenvironmental benefits, protecting the wildlife and vegetation.

Project start date: 2018

The project information•

Name: Anew - Kootznoowoo Native Community Forestry Project•

ID: ACR499•

Link to registry: ACR (apx.com)•

Methodology: Increased Forest Carbon Sequestration on Non‐Federal U.S.

| © EcoAct
24 Forestlands
v.1.3

Improved Forest Managment

Environmental benefits
CO2 removal• Average per year: 75,901tCO2• Total estimated (2018-2038): 1,518,021tCO2•

purchased 79 000 tCO2 - vintages 2020

Other environmental benefits:• Habitat protection for wildlife, plant species andtrees in the forested community, such as fisheries,
bears, deer and many other species;• Water quality protection, serving better conditions
for the wildlife and migrating shorebirds;• Protection from soil erosion and degradation.

25 | © EcoAct

Social & Economic benefits
Social impact:• Sustainable and natural forest growth, maintaining
harvest for essential activities and forest health;• Improvement of water purification for the well-beingof the nearby communities.

Economic impact:• Significant improvement in carbon storage andconservation value through the carbon market,
unlike the industrialized private lands seeking highfinancial returns;• Efficiency in employment opportunities, promoting
sustainable forestry practices.

26 | © EcoAct

Anourok Forestry Project
Cambodia

27 | © EcoAct

Project summary
The challenge
Spreading over 20,000 km² in Southwestern Cambodia, the Cardamom Mountain
Range follows Thailand’s border. The area is home to the second-largest virginrainforest in Southeast Asia, which is under significant pressure from illegal
logging and poaching.

The solution
The Anourok Forestry project aims at protecting 497,000 ha of forest and its
unique biodiversity since it’s habitat for many species among which 50 are
endangered and listed on the IUCN Red List. It also enables to the preservation ofa region on which 29 local communities depend (16,319 people).

Avoidance/reduction

Moreover, forest protection has already resulted in emission reductions of
14,829,689 tons of CO2e since 2015 and is expected to avoid the emission ofover 115,000 million tons of CO2e over the project’s lifetime (2015-2044).

Project start date: 2015

The project information• Name: Southern Cardamom REDD+ project• ID: VCS1748• Link to registry: Verra Search Page
• Methodology: VM0009 - Avoided Ecosystem Conversion, v3.0
28 | © EcoAct

REDD+

Environmental benefits
CO2 avoidance• Average per year: 3,8 million tCO2
• Total estimated (2015-2044): 115,000 million tCO2•

purchased 284 415 tCO2 - vintages 2015/2017

Other environmental benefits:• 497,000 hectares of tropical forest preserved;• 50 threatened species of birds, mammals andreptiles are protected, including the Asianelephant, the Asian brown bear, the clouded
leopard, and the Siamese crocodile;• Construction of a tiger reintroduction station, as
part of the national tiger recovery program, andreintroduction of the elephant in this area;

29 | © EcoAct

Social & Economic benefits
Social impact:• Infrastructure projects: 18 solar-powered water wells
have already been constructed, but also new roads,
bridges, schools and a medical center;• Scholarship program: 5 students have alreadyreceived scholarships, enabling them to pursue
graduate studies in various fields such as environmental
sciences.

Economic impact:• New economic and employment opportunities:
sustainable agriculture (220 families involved), ecotourism (rewarded program), monitoring of the forest.

30 | © EcoAct

Morawa Biodiversity Corridor
Australia

31 | © EcoAct

Project summary
The challenge
Within the last 100 years, over 90% of the northern Wheatbelt has been cleared for
agriculture. The project has been established on degraded, semi-arid agricultural landthat is no longer viable to support farming.

The solution
The project recreates a healthy and functioning landscape by planting native tree andshrub species indigenous to the region. This removes carbon from the atmospherewhilst providing essential connected habitats (a biodiversity corridor) for birds andanimals to move across the landscape.

RemovalIntegral to the project is the delivery of measurable environmental, social, economic
and heritage benefits.

Project start date: 2015

The project information• Name: Australian Yarra Yarra Biodiversity project• ID: GS3039• Link to registry: GSF Registry (goldstandard.org)• Methodology: Afforestation/Reforestation GHG Emissions Reduction &Sequestration
32 | © EcoAct

Afforestation

Environmental benefits
CO2 removal• Average per year: 50,902 tCO2
• Total estimated (2015-2058): 2,188,825 tCO2•

purchased 500 tCO2 - vintages 2019/2020

Other environmental benefits:• 12 nature reserves are linked and cover
approximately 10,000 square kilometres of land;• 20-40 native trees and shrub species are planted
creating a rich habitat for native plants and animals
to thrive;• Surveys of the restored project area have captured
the presence of 17 vertebrate species, including
the threatened malleefowl;• Reforestation is protected for 100 years by Carbon
Right and Carbon Covenants registered on land
titles.
33 | © EcoAct

Social & Economic benefits
Social impact:• Working agreement in place with the Midwest
Employment and Economic Development Aboriginal
Corporation (MEEDAC), an Indigenous organisation
focused on finding work opportunities within the
project area;• Provision of job-specific training sessions andinductions for local employees;• Lowering salinity in both ground and surface waters
over the project’s life.

Economic impact:• Establishment of new enterprises, such as bee
keeping, which continue to benefit nature;• Partnerships
with11
local and nationalorganisations have been formed from the project.

34 | © EcoAct

Yedeni – REDD+
Ethiopia

35 | © EcoAct

Project summary
The challenge
The Bale eco-region in Ethiopia is approximately 500,000 hectares of highforest. It is Africa’s largest alpine forest and an area of high biodiversity andsignificant ecological importance.
However, poverty levels among communities in the region are high which has
driven the exploitation of the forest for firewood and agricultural expansion as
locals have historically had open access to forest land. The consequences of thishave been rapid deforestation and forest degradation.

Reduction

The solution
The Yedeni project implements a Participatory Forest Management framework
which helps local users and government to manage the responsibility andbenefits of the forest together and gain economic incentives from the sale ofcarbon credits for avoiding deforestation.

Project start date: 2012

The project information• Name: Bale Mountains Eco-region REDD+ project• ID: VCS1340• Link to registry: Verra Search Page
• Methodology: VM0015 - Avoided Unplanned Deforestation, v1.2
36 | © EcoAct

REDD+

Environmental benefits
CO2 avoidance• Average per year: 1,288,821.07 tCO2
• Total est. (2012-2031): 25,776,421.40 tCO2•

purchased 64 214 tCO2 - vintages 2015

Other environmental benefits:• Covers 333,924 hectares of forest and aims to
reduce deforestation by 50% in the first 5 years and
70% over the project’s lifetime;• Between 2012 –2020, the project has avoided thedeforestation of 20,677 hectares, equivalent to9,265,688 tCO2e;• The region is the only one remaining to have naturalcoffee arabica plants.

37 | © EcoAct

Social & Economic benefits
Social impact:• About 31,881 people positively affected by the
project;• 26,711 efficient cookstoves have been distributedand practices to reduce the unsustainable harvest offuelwood have been promoted.

Economic impact:• Small forest-friendly businesses and cooperatives
have been set up that provide an income stream forthe local community and economic incentives toprotect the forest;• The project also assists locals in improving crop andlivestock management practices.

38 | © EcoAct

Lianhe IFM
China

39 | © EcoAct

Project summary
The challenge
Annual forest logging in the mountainous and subtropical regions of China is a huge
cause of deforestation, harming the ecosystem. The timber logging and commercial
harvesting take place in combined forest areas of about 23,478 hectares of land. A
forest protection plan is necessary to combat deforestation and foster sustainable
forest growth.

The solution
The Liahnhe Improved Forest Management (IFM) project was implemented to protect
the once-logging forest and the ecological system in the southern part of China.
Two project areas protect 1,425 hectares and 5,454 hectares of forest area, whichwere previously designed and planted as commercial forests.
The project activities have strictly cancelled the once-annual commercial timber
harvest and allowed only tending and managing of the areas. With the sustainable
forest management and protection of the forest cover, the project results insignificant carbon sequestration and improvement of the sustainable developmentof the ecological system.

Avoidance/reduction

Project start date: 2011

The project information•

Name: Yunnan Kunming Liangqu improved forest management project•

ID: VCS1542•

Link to registry: Verra Search Page•

Methodology: VM0010 - Conversion from Logged to Protected Forest, v1.3

40 | © EcoAct

Improved Forest Management

Environmental benefits
CO2 avoidance/reduction• Average per year: 41,050 tCO2
• Total estimated (2011-2031): 821,001 tCO2•

purchased 120 000 tCO2 - vintages 2019/2021

Other environmental benefits:• Carbon sequestration achieved from
activities by reducing commercial timber;project• Increased forest coverage and benefits to the local
environmental conditions by allowing the absorptionof GHG emissions;• Protection of native tree species, including Broadleaf trees and Pine trees.

41 | © EcoAct

Social & Economic benefits
Social impact:• Sustainable development of the local community
with the protection of the most precious ecologicalresources;• Improving the well-being of the local communities,
with purification of air quality and providing more
opportunities for adaptive resources.

Economic impact:• Increased job opportunities
management activities;

with

the

forest• Relating training processes that will improve theskills of the local employees.
• Economic development of the region with theprotected areas, with the opportunity to discover
new medical resources.

42 | © EcoAct

Yangtze
China

43 | © EcoAct

Project summary
The challenge
The Yangtze project spreads over Hongshan County, in the province of Hubei, China.
This area used to be exploited by the legal right to harvest, which was granted bya government-approved timber management plan.
Deforestation leads to GHG emissions which play an important role in global warmingand have harmful consequences for the environment, biodiversity andcommunities’ lives.

Avoidance/reduction

The solution
The project was implemented in 2015 and is therefore fighting deforestation throughthe protection of 23,769.42 hectares of forest in this region.

Project start date: 2015

Within its boundaries, there is now no commercial timber harvest nor landdegradation, contributing to biodiversity conservation, soil erosion and the
avoidance of GHG emissions.

The project information• Name: PROJECT Hubei Hongshan IFM project• ID: VCS1935• Link to registry: Verra Search Page

• Methodology: VM0010 - Conversion from Logged to Protected Forest, v1.3
44 | © EcoAct

Improved Forest Management

Environmental benefits
CO2 avoidance/reduction:• Average per year: 228,707 tCO2e• Total estimated (2015-2044): 6,861,196 tCO2e•purchased 30 000 tCO2 - vintages 2015

Other environmental benefits:• Increase forest cover in the project areaby controlling illegal logging and otherdegrading activities in 23,769.42 hectares offorest land;• Avoid the total emission of 6,840,033 tCO2e;• Preserve biodiversity with the protection ofmultiple tree species like oak, masson pine andconiferous.

45 | © EcoAct

Social & Economic benefits
Social impact:• The project aims to improve air quality andthe health of local communities;• Improving the management of this forest willlead to soil erosion control which isbeneficial for locals.

Economic impact:• 1,800
full-time
employeesforthe implementation of the project’s activities;• 1,800 community members have improved
their skills and/or knowledge resulting from thetraining provided as part of the project’s
activities.

46 | © EcoAct

Recycling projects

47| © EcoAct

Essen Recycling Project
Germany

48 | © EcoAct

Project summary
The challenge
Worldwide, the glass industry produces 86 million tCO2 every year, and the energy
sector represents 75% of global greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions. To effectively fightagainst climate change, the industrial sector needs to improve its practices andsignificantly reduce its carbon footprint.

The solution
The glass recycling activities of the Essen project help to achieve the nationally statedsustainable development priorities of Germany.
The project is reducing GHG emissions using a pre-cullet process with less carbonintensive processes, prioritising glass waste rather than virgin raw material. The national
objective aims to recycle 80% of the annual glass packaging produced at the national
level.

Avoidance/reduction

Project start date: 2019

The project information• Name: Remondis Recycling CO2 emissions reductions from glass recycling• ID: GS7435• Link to registry: GSF Registry (goldstandard.org)• Methodology: AMS-III.AJ. Recovery and recycling of materials from solid wastes
49 | © EcoAct

Glass RecyclingEnvironmental benefits
CO2 avoidance/reduction:• Average per year: 863 tCO2
• Total estimated (2019-2029): 8,630 tCO2•

purchased 428 tCO2 - vintages 2019/2020

Other environmental benefits:• Recycling instead of using material from virgin
inputs decreases the overall energy use, GHGs andenvironmental burden from natural resources
extraction;• The project will reduce the amount of waste to bedisposed in the landfill;• Contributes to local environmental sustainability.

50 | © EcoAct

Social & Economic benefits
Social impact:• The project increases employment opportunities in
the area where the project is located;• It contributes to the local municipalities’ funds forsocial insurance, such as health and pension funds;• Better revenue distribution to improve local andregional economic development.

Economic impact:• The project is hiring 21 employees, increasing
revenues for local workers;• Contributes todevelopment;

local

and

socialcommunity• Contributes to regional integration and connection
with other sectors.
51 | © EcoAct

Biogas projects

52| © EcoActJialing Biogas
China

53 | © EcoAct

Project summary
The challenge
The rural areas of the Sichuan province are among the poorest in China and very prone
to natural disasters. The 2008 Sichuan earthquake claimed nearly 70,000 lives andkilled 12 million livestock animals.
In this region, fuelwood or coal is also the primary source of energy, which results indeforestation and both indoor and outdoor pollution when burned.

The solution

Avoidance

The Jialing China Biogas project which started in 2010, addresses both issues ofdeforestation and pollution through the construction of biodigesters for domestic use,which decompose manure to produce both biogas and organic fertilizer.

This project helps to restore the region and has implemented more than 400,000 rural
biogas units that are used to fuel clean gas cookstoves and produce organic fertilizer
for farmers.

Project start date: 2010

Household benefits are therefore numerous: financial, health and energy-related.

The project information• Name: Sichuan rural poor-household biogas development program• ID: GS1239• Link to registry: GSF Registry (goldstandard.org)• Methodology: AMS-I.C. Thermal energy production with or without electricity
54 | © EcoAct

BiogasEnvironmental benefits
CO2 avoided• Average per year: 800,000 tCO2
• Total est. (2010-2038): 30,400,000 tCO2•

purchased 17 933 tCO2 - vintages 2016/2018

Other environmental benefits:• The annual coal consumption per household has
fallen from 970kg to 27kg with the new digesters;• Rural people are provided a means to accessaffordable and clean energy and to reduce theircoal consumption by more than 97%;
• 690,000 tons of firewood and almost 100,000 tonsof chemical fertilizer are replaced;• Sanitation conditions of pig pens and toilets has
been improved.

55 | © EcoAct

Social & Economic benefits
Social impact:• The smoke-free biogas cookstoves
respiratory diseases and eye ailments;

reduce• Beneficiaries find that they have increased selfreliance due to the availability of clean, convenientand inexpensive biogas from their supply.

Economic impact:• Approximately 10,000 permanent and temporary
jobs in the construction and maintenance ofdigesters have been created;• 2,000 people havetechnicians;

been

trainedasbiogas• The households dispose of around 40% higher
annual income due to saved energy and fertilizer
expenditures, higher agricultural output, etc.
56 | © EcoAct

Renewable energies
projects

57| © EcoAct

Pawan Wind
India

58 | © EcoAct

Project summary
The challenge
About 70% of India’s electricity is generated by fossil fuels but wind is playing an
increasing role in the generation mix.

The solution
This bundled wind power project, fully certified by the Verified Carbon Standard,spans various states across India that have traditionally been reliant on fossil fuelgenerated electricity.

The project plays a vital part in India’s shift towards a low-carbon economy bygenerating electricity from a renewable resource and supplying it to the state grid
which contributes to the replacement of coal part in the Indian energy mix.

Avoidance

The project information• Name: 199.70 MW wind project in Maharashtra by BWDPL• ID: VCS1447• Link to registry: Verra Search Page

• Methodology: ACM0002 - Grid-connected electricity generation from renewablesources59 | © EcoAct

Wind Energy

Environmental benefits
CO2 avoidance:• This bundle of projects will help avoid the release of
millions tons of CO2 in the atmosphere over the
project’s lifetime.
•purchased 73 807 tCO2 - vintages 2019/2020

Other environmental benefits:• Reducing the reliance on energy generation fromfossil fuels assisting communities across India togain access to renewable and sustainable sourcesof electricity;• Awareness raising among communities of the
impacts of climate change and how to mitigate
them.

60 | © EcoAct

Social & Economic benefits
Social impact:• These job opportunities will also generate new
training and skills development for local
communities;• Improvement to the livelihoods of families employedby the projects;• Improvement of air quality with the decrease of coalmining to generate electricity, which will lead to thefall of respiratory issues among local communities.

Economic impact:• This project will provide job opportunities for thedevelopment and the maintenance of these windfarms in India, improving the local economy.

61 | © EcoAct

Zhuzhou Hydro
China

62 | © EcoAct

Project summary
The challenge
China’s coal demand and production capacity remain high. Currently, one of every four
tons of coal used globally is burned to produce electricity in China. Renewable sources
such as wind, solar and hydro account for nearly less than 5% of the total energy
supply, and thus must be heavily increased to reduce the dependence on fossil fuelswith high GHG emissions.

The solution

Avoidance/reduction

The Zhuzhou Hydro project is a run-of-river hydropower project with a capacity of 6.4
MW. Through the project, renewable energy will be generated using cleanhydropower technologies, rather than non-renewable sources that have a much higher
carbon footprint.

Project start date: 2006

The project will directly contribute to the reduction of GHG emissions by generating
about 26.32GWH annually of clean, renewable energy and replacing coal-fired power
plants.

The project information• Name: Yanling Shendu Hydropower project• ID: VCS97• Link to registry: Verra Search Page
| © EcoAct AMS-I.D. Grid-connected renewable electricity generation - V 18.0
•63Methodology:

Renewable Energy Hydropower

Environmental, social andeconomic benefits
CO2 avoidance/reduction• Average per year: 19,883 tCO2
• Total estimated (2006-2027): 417,552 tCO2•
purchased 69 414 tCO2 - vintages 2013/2016

Other benefits:• Using hydropower to generate electricity diversifies
the energy mix of China, increasing the ratio forrenewable energy;• Reducing GHG emissions by replacing thermal
power generation with hydropower as a cleaner
source;• Creating employment opportunities for local
communities, by providing about 160 jobs during
the construction phase and around 10-12 permanent
jobs for operation and maintenance.

64 | © EcoAct

Aydin Hydro
Turkey65 | © EcoAct

Project summary
The challenge
More than 75% of the power supply in Turkey comes from oil, natural gas and coal,leaving less than 25% from renewable energy production and less than 5% fromhydropower. This dependence on exhaustible fossil fuels creates an unsustainable
power sector, along with an outcome of a polluted environment.
The country’s reliance on coal and oil has negatively impacted the environment,
creating a huge need for non-fossil and non-depletable sources of energy
generation. Turkey must develop more renewable energy-generating plants to reachthe GHG reduction goals and enhance its communities’ well-being.

Avoidance/reduction

The solution
The Aydin hydropower plant is a small-scale project with an installed capacity of
5.88MW and an annual electricity production of up to 23,230MWh. The produced
electricity will be fed into the national grid and generate a substantial emission
reduction from the renewable energy production activities that replace the fossil
fuel-powered plants, benefiting the environment and the local communities.

Project start date: 2009

The project information• Name: Sirma run-of-river hydro project• ID: VCS603• Link to registry: Verra Search Page
| © EcoAct
66• Methodology: AMS-I.D. Grid-connected renewable electricity generation - V 18.0

Renewable Energy Hydropower

Environmental, social andeconomic benefits
CO2 avoidance/reduction• Average per year: 12,780 tCO2
• Total estimated (2009-2019): 127,800 tCO2•

purchased 28 764 tCO2 - vintages 2015/2019

Other benefits:• Reducing Turkey’s energy deficit, importdependency and diversifying the energy mix withclean, renewable energy generation;• Creating local employment and income during theconstruction and operational phases of the project;• Infrastructural investments fostered from the
project activities, with connected development
benefits to the local community in the remote
project area;• Creating reliable electricity supply for ruralcommunities and cost-efficient supply.
67 | © EcoAct

Geothermal project68|| © EcoAct
EcoActZhoukou Geothermal
China

69 | © EcoAct

Project summary
The challenge
China is the biggest greenhouse gas emitter and coal consumer, accounting for
57% of global coal consumption. In 2021, the country used 5.24 billion tons ofstandard coal equivalent, up 5.2% from 2020. The rising population and energy
demand in China is only increasing and makes its goal to achieve carbon neutrality
in 2060 very challenging.
Therefore, to reduce its emissions and achieve its energy transition, the country
must promote the development of renewable energy.

The solution
The Zhoukou Project will provide heat supply to new residential buildings in theHenan Province by using geothermal resources. This will avoid the use of fossil
fuels and allow an estimated annual average CO2 emission reduction of 436,722
tCO2e. The total GHG emission reduction is 4,367,220 tCO2e.

Avoidance/reduction

Project start date: 2020

The project information• Name: Ruijing Geothermal-based space heating system• ID: VCS2659• Link to registry: Verra Search Page
• Methodology: AM0072 - Fossil Fuel Displacement by Geothermal Resources70 | © EcoAct
for Space Heating

Renewable energy - Geothermal

Environmental benefits
CO2e avoidance/reduction• Average per year: 436,722 tCO2e• Total estimated (2020 - 2030): 4,367,220 tCO2e.
•purchased 120 071 tCO2 - vintages 2022

Other environmental benefits:• By reducing the amount of fossil fuel traditionallyused during winter, the project will help fightagainst climate change;• It will displace heat supplied from isolated coalfired boilers and improve air quality in the area forthe residents;• The use of geothermal energy will prevent therelease of other pollutants.

71 | © EcoAct

Social & Economic benefits
Social impact :•Improved livelihoods for local families thanks to
new income generation;•

Project will provide opportunities for local
residents to learn and raise awareness on climatechange & mitigation measures

Economic impact:• The project provides employment opportunities for
local communities during its implementation andmonitoring activities;• Equal pay for work of equal value will be offered toboth men and women.

72 | © EcoAct

The result: continual, iterative progress for reducing
the planetary impact of your business

EcoActEcoAct73 | |©©

Your climate experts.
Your partners for positive change.
EcoAct is an international climate consultancy and project developer that supports
companies to define and implement robust science-aligned net-zero strategies andachieve their targets. Founded in France in 2006, the company now spans threecontinents with offices in Europe, North America and Africa.
With a team of more than 360 international climate experts, EcoAct’s core purpose is tolead the way in developing sustainable business solutions that deliver true value forboth climate and client. EcoAct is a CDP Gold Partner, a founding member of ICROA, a
strategic partner in the implementation of the Gold Standard for the Global Goals andreports to the UN Global Compact.

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