Short Communication

Adv Biotech & Micro

Volume 5 Issue 1 - July 2017
DOI: 10.19080/AIBM.2017.05.555655

Copyright © All rights are reserved by Shubham

Effect of Mobile Phone Radiation on Human Brain
Shubham1* and Supriya Goel2
1

Department of Instrumentation and Control Engineering, Netaji Subhas Institute of Technology, India

2

Department of Electronics and Communication Engineering, Deenbandhu Chhotu Ram University of Science and Technology, India

Submission: July 13, 2017; Published: July 31, 2017

*Corresponding author: Shubham, Department of Instrumentation and Control Engineering, Netaji Subhas Institute of Technology, New Delhi,India, Email:Abstract
The Wireless communication is experiencing a dynamic growth in the global scale and the cell phones are becoming a vital device in the
global modern society. Cell phones radiate radio frequency waves, a form of non-ionizing radiation, which can be absorbed by tissues closest towhere the phone is kept [1]. This paper presents various factors on which radiations emitted from a cell phone effects a human brain and various
safety measures to prevent this.

Introduction

hypersensitivity exhaustion [1] have been observed when using
mobile phone. Researchers have found that these symptoms are
more common in people with higher exposure to radiation ofmobile phone (Figure 1).

Overview

Various factors on which radiations emitted from acell phone effects a human brain
Figure 1: Person showing effect of radiation.

New technologies are evolving day to day life to facilitate
human being. Mobile communication is currently the fastest
growing communication system in the telecommunicationindustry. Due to the increased number of users using the mobilephone, the concern is now focused towards electromagnetic
radiations emitted by the mobile phones itself. Electromagneticradiation can be classified into ionizing and non-ionizing
radiation. Ionizing radiation is the radiation with high energy
which is able to remove tight bonds between electrons andatoms resulting in tissue damage while non-ionizing radiationis the radiation that has enough energy to vibrate the atoms andmolecule but do not remove the electrons in the molecule [2]. This
radiation mainly occurs at low frequency range. Mobile phone isdesigned with low power transceiver to transmit voice and data
to base station is located at few kilometres. These radiations
cause problems like headaches, severe pain in ear, blurring ofvision, memory loss, itching, burning sensations, feeling asleep,
Adv Biotech & Micro 5(1): AIBM.MS.ID.555655 (2017)

Distance of Cell phone from human body: If a cell phone
move even an inch from the body, it can greatly reduce radiation
exposure. Strength of the signals decreases as the square of
the distance from the source. This means that if we double thedistance from the source, which is like cell phone to our head, thesignal strength would be four times less, as square of two is four.
If we increase 10 times the distance between the cell phone andour head, the signal strength will be 100 times less, and similarly
at 100 times the distance, signal strength becomes10,000 times
less.
Distance from the cell phone tower: Different Cell sites
emits different amount of radiation. With the help of a suitable
meter we can measure how much radiation is received at aparticular spot. Around a single tower, radiation may not beuniform. The energy from a cellular phone tower antenna,
like that of other telecommunication antennas, is directed
toward horizon (parallel to the ground), with some downward
scatter. Cell phones communicate with nearby cell tower
mainly through radiofrequency (RF) waves, a form of energy0031

Advances in Biotechnology & Microbiology
in the electromagnetic spectrum between FM radio waves andmicrowaves. Like FM radio waves, microwaves, visible light, andheat, they are forms of non-ionizing radiation. This means theycannot cause cancer by directly damaging DNA. When a person
makes a cell phone call, a signal is sent from the phone’s antenna
to the nearest base station antenna. The base station responds
to this signal by assigning it an available radiofrequency channel.
RF waves transfer the voice information to the base station. Thevoice signals are then sent to a switching center, which transfers
the call to its destination. Voice signals are then relayed back andforth during the call, so effects human brain.

SAR (Specific Absorption Rate): S.A.R. is the measurementof rate by which a body absorbs energy when the body is exposed
to radio frequency electromagnetic field. We can also say that
it is a measure of absorption of EM wave energy by tissues. It
defined as power absorbed per mass of tissue and has unit’swatts/ kilogram. Absorption rate is observed either for wholebody or for a small sample volume of tissues [3]. According
to ICNIRP guidelines. For limiting exposure to time varying

electric, magnetic and electromagnetic fields, the maximum SAR
value for mobile phones has been set at 2 Watts/Kg localised
for the head and the trunk (of a human) in the frequency rangeof 10MHz to 10GHz These guidelines have been developed incollaboration with Environment Health Division of the World
Health Organisation (WHO). In India, the FCC limit for public
exposure is 1.6 W/kg for 1 gram volume averaged SAR [4].
Extent of conversation: It has also a large impact on humanbrain,it is proved that if a person talks more than 50 minutes oncellphone, they found a 7 percent increase in brain metabolism
in the region closest to cellphone antenna when the phone wason, as a result of it temperature of body increases.

Age of the person: As compare to adults, children havelarge effect on their brain while talking on the cellphone because
children are growing more rapidly, they are more cell dividing
capability, so that radiations disrupts more no. of cells. Also,children have thinner skull as compare to adults so they havelarger impact [5]. It is also proved that foetuses are higher
sensitive to radiations than others (Figure 2).

Figure 2: Effect of radiation on different ages

Technology on which phone works: Analyses show thatmobile radiations effect human brain and GSM operated mobile
phone has higher effect on Brain activity as compared to CDMA
operated mobile phones (Table 1).
Table 1: Power level of different cell phone technologies.
GSMCDMA

1-2 WattMethodology

6-7 mWatt

Burst

ContinuousA. EEG: An electroencephalogram (EEG) is a check thatmeasures and records the electrical activity of the brain or wecan say that it is a test used to detect abnormalities related toelectrical movement of the brain. This procedure track andrecords brain wave pattern. Little metal discs with electrodes
are placed on the scalp, and then send these accumulated signals
to the computer for recording the results. Normally l electrical0032activity in the brain makes an identifiable pattern. With the helpof EEG, doctors look for abnormal patterns that indicate seizure
and any other problems [6].

An electroencephalogram (EEG) has done to

A. For Diagnosing epilepsy and to see the type of seizures
occurring.
B.

It checks the problems associated with unconsciousness.

C.
It helps to find out a person’s chance of recovery after achange in consciousness.
D. It finds out if a person who is in a coma is having deadbrain.
E.
It studies sleep disorders which are known asnarcolepsy.

How to cite this article: Shubham, Supriya G. Effect of Mobile Phone Radiation on Human Brain. Adv Biotech & Micro. 2017; 5(1): 555655. DOI:
10.19080/AIBM.2017.05.555655

Advances in Biotechnology & Microbiology
F.
It watches the brain activity while a person is receiving
general anaesthesia during brain surgery.

G.
It helps in finding out if a person has a physical problem(problems in the brain, spinal cord, or nervous system) or amental health problem (Figure 3).
Figure 4: EEG Waves.

RMS 32 Channel software

Figure 3: Placement of EEG on a person.

The brain patterns which we obtained from EEG form
wave shapes that are commonly sinusoidal are divided
into five basic groups:
A.

Beta (>13Hz)				

C.

Theta (4-8Hz)

B.

D.
E.

Alpha (8-13Hz)
Delta (0.5-4Hz)

Gamma (30-100Hz)

A. Delta is the waves having a frequency range up to 4Hz.
These waves are highest in amplitude and slowest. They areseen normally in adults during sleep and in babies. These are
typically most prominent frontally in adults and posteriorly
in babies.

B.
Theta is the waves having a frequency range from 4Hz
to 7Hz. Theta waves are generally seen in young people.
They may be seen in drowsiness or arousal in older children
and adults or can also be in meditation. Excess theta for age
represents abnormal activity.

C.
Alpha is the waves having a frequency range from
8Hz to 12Hz. This activity is seen in the posterior regionsof the head on both sides, having a higher amplitude on thedominant side.
D. Beta is the waves having a frequency range from
12Hz to about 30Hz. They are usually seen on both sides insymmetrical distribution and is most evident frontally. Betaactivity is closely associated to busy or anxious thinking andactive concentration. It is the dominant wave in patients whoare alert or anxious or who have their eyes open.
E.
Gamma is the waves having frequency range 30-100Hz.
Gamma rhythms are representing short-term memory
toning of recognizable objects, sounds, tactile sensations(Figure 4).
0033

We use Polysomnography Hardware System RMS -32 with
32 channels is used for simultaneous data acquisition. RMS-32
is a very useful hardware system which is used to acquire thesignal by surface electrodes [7]. The software used is SUPERSEC
which consists of two parts Acquire and Analysis (Figure 5).

Figure 5: Electrode Placement (The “10” and “20” refer to the
10% or 20% interelectrode distance).

Analysis
After the acquisition of EEG signal, different DSP
techniques like digital filter processing, fast Fourier transform,
autocorrelation, cross correlation is used to process the EEG
signal.

Future Work

From the above study, it is desired to work on the Effectof Electromagnetic Radiation on Human Health employing theavailable two mobile phone technologies in the Country viz.
GSM 2G and 3G using EEG and Matlab. The work on this is being
carried out in the laboratory with a number of subjects andusing the above mentioned mobile communication technologies
using different type of modulation, emitted power and operating
frequency. Response of human brain is being studied under
three conditions: when no phone is used, when a GSM 2G phone
is used and while using a GSM 3G phone. The characteristics ofbrain signals so obtained would help to determine which type ofcommunication technology is more suitable for human being inconcern with human health. Results obtained will help designinga class of communication devices which have minimal effect onhuman health.

Safety Measures

A. There should be some law in every country for hearing
on public health threat by exposure to transmitted radio

How to cite this article: Shubham, Supriya G. Effect of Mobile Phone Radiation on Human Brain. Adv Biotech & Micro. 2017; 5(1): 555655. DOI:
10.19080/AIBM.2017.05.555655

Advances in Biotechnology & Microbiology
frequency radiation [8].

ReferencesC.

2. Robert Leeb, Felix Lee, Claudia Keinrath, Reinhold Scherer, Horst Bisch,et al. (2007) Brain-Compute Communication: Motivation, Aim, andImpact of Exploring a Virtual Apartment Ieee Transactions On Neural
Systems And Rehabilitation Engineering 15(4): 473-82.

B.
Radiation emitting devices should require some healthtesting prior to approval.
Continuously transmitted devices should be banned.

D.
There should be some warning label on the cell phones
and cordless phones.

E.
While talking on cellphone, keep phone at speakermode, with phone a hand’s away or use a wired handset.
Moreover, use a Bluetooth emitter, as it will decrease levelsof microwave radiations [8].
F.

Turn off handset when not in use.

G.
Try to use phone when having full signal strength, when
signal strength is poor it emits high amount of radiation.
H. Don’t use Cell Phones in elevators, cars and in planes
because it emits more radiation in enclosed metal spaces.

I.
Do texting instead of call, as phone is farther from bodyit becomes safer.
J.
When at home, use wired landline as it emits lessamount of radiation.
This work is licensed under Creative
Commons Attribution 4.0 Licens
DOI:10.19080/AIBM.2017.05.555655

1. Aruna Tyagi, Manoj Duhan, Dinesh Bhatia (2011) Effect of Mobile
Phone Radiation on Brain Activity GSM Vs CDMA. IJSTM.

3. Scarella O Clatz, Lanteri S, Beaume G, Oudot S, Piperno S, et al. (2006)
Realistic numerical modeling of human head tissue exposure toelectromagnetic waves from cellular phones.
4. Aruna Tyagi, Vaishali Jain, Dinesh Bhatia, Manoj Duhan (2010) Reviewof Effect of Electromagnetic Radiations of Mobile Phone on Human
Health Proceeding of Control Instrumentation System Conference.

5. Riadh W Y Habash (2011) Non-Invasive microwave hyperthermia PhD
Thesis, ECE Deptt, IISc, Bangalore, India.
6. Vijay Kr Garg (2000) IS-95 CDMA and cdma: Cellular/pcs system
implementation.
7. Delgado JM, Leal J, Monteagudo JL, Gracia MG (1982) Embryologicalchanges induced by weak, extremely low frequency electromagneticfields. Journal of Anatomy 134(3): 533-551.
8. Wikipedia. Mobile Phone [Online].

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How to cite this article: Shubham, Supriya G. Effect of Mobile Phone Radiation on Human Brain. Adv Biotech & Micro. 2017; 5(1): 555655. DOI:
10.19080/AIBM.2017.05.555655