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26aD11P
One-step synthesis of amino-modified carbon encapsulated metallicnanoparticles by direct current arc discharge
Rui Hu,a,b Xiangke Wang,b Masaaki Nagatsua,cGraduate School of Science and Technology, Shizuoka University, Hamamatsu 432-8561, Japanb
Institute of Plasma Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Hefei 230031, P.R. Chinac
Graduate School of Engineering, Shizuoka University, Hamamatsu 432-8561, JapanaIntroduction
Nanoparticles, especially metallic nanoparticles,
have become an intensive topic of research owing
to their special properties related to their small sizeand high surface area to volume ratio. Being themost stable among the metal nanoparticles, ironoxide nanoparticles exhibit interesting aspects
including size-related electronic and magnetic
properties, especially optical properties, and thus
have various applications in biology such as drugdelivery, bio-sensing, and catalysis.1-2 Recently, thesurface modification of nanostructured materials
such as carbon nanotubes and magnetic
nanoparticles using plasma processing has drawn
intense interest for the removal of heavy metal ionsfrom wastewater, ion-exchange membrane fuel cells,and biomedical applications.
Experimental procedures
The carbon encapsulated metallic nanoparticles
were prepared using direct current (DC) arc
discharge device (as shown in Figure 1). Twographite rods have been placed inside thestainless-steel vacuum chamber with diameter of
200 mm. The anode was molded with metallic
powder, graphite powder and graphibond-551R, andthe cathode was a pointed graphite rod (50mm×Ø10 mm, purity 99.99%). Then all system has
been evacuated to several Pa by a rotary pump. A
mixture gas of He:CH4:NH3 with different ratios
was flown to the chamber until the pressure reached1.3×104 Pa. The arc discharge was generated byapplying a high current of 120 A at 20 V between
the two electrodes.

Figure 1. Schematic draw of arc discharge device

Results
Amino-modified carbon encapsulated metallic
nanoparticles were synthesized by DC arc discharge
method. The surface modification of thenanoparticles was performed using ammonia
thermal plasma to introduce amino groups onto thesurfaces of the nanoparticles. Results demonstrated
that amino groups were introduced onto thesurfaces of the nanoparticles successfully. By
alternating the ratio of ammonia gas, we optimized
the synthesis condition. Furthermore, the populationof amino groups which have been grafted onto thesurfaces of the graphite encapsulated metallic
nanoparticles
has
been
quantified
using
sulfosuccinimidyl
6-(3'-(2-pyridyldithio)
propionamido)
hexanoate(sulfo-LC-SPDP)
reacting with the amino groups of functionalized
metallic nanoparticles (as shown in Figure 2). The
nanoparticles with sulfo-LC-SPDP complexes
would react with dithiothreitol to generate
pyridine-2-thione which could be detected byspectrophotometry at 343 nm.

Figure 2. The absorbance spectrum ofamino-modified metallic nanoparticles treated bysulfo-LC-SPDP and dithiothreitol.
References(1) Hong V., Presolski S., Ma C., Finn M. Angew.
Chem. Int. Ed. 2009, 48, 9879–9883.
(2) Koo H., Lee S., Na J.H., Kim S.H., Hahn S.K.,Choi K., Kwon I.C., Jeong S.Y., Kim K. Angew.
Chem. Int. Ed. 2012, 51, 11836–11840.