別紙41 (課程博士(英文))Date of submission (month day, year)
Depa村menl ofArchitecture andJanualy 7,2022
Takanobu lnoue

Student Φ Numbel

D199502
SupeYvisors

CiVⅡ EngⅡ〕ee血W

JunichiroAsano
KurikoYokota

Pplica11['s name

Wiwik Budiawan

Abstract (Doctor)
Tide ofThesis

Assessing theΠΥlalresponses of lndonesian and Japanese stude11ts in summer and wintel

Approx.80o words
Therma] comfortis crudalin satisfaction and maintaining quality sleep and next、day perfoYmancefor occupants. This study investigated tl〕e con〕fort temP田'ature in tl〕e bedroom at night, sleepqua]ity, and next・day performance 化rain response) for lndonesian and Japanese students during
Summer and winter. The main objective ofthis study is to investigate the effect ofthermalcomfort
On sleep que.1ity and next・day brain response in lndonesian living in Jape.n a.nd Japanese. This
main objective is further divided into solne sub・objectives, i.e.,(1) to investigate the sleep quality

and next・day bYain response of lndonesian and Japanese gYoups in the summer season,(2) toinvestigate the sleep quality and next、day brain response oflndonesian and Japanese group in theWinter seas01),(3) to analyze the effect of thermal colnfort on sleep quality of lndonesian andJapanese group,(4) to analy乞e the effect ofthern)alcomfort on brain response oflndonesian andJapanese group, and (励 to analyze the e丘ect ofsleep quality on next、day brail〕 response.
In the sun〕̲mer and winter study、 the comfort temperature、 sleep quality, and subsequent
Perforlnance of lndonesian and Japanese students were compared. Durin套 Sleep, actigraphy wasUsed to evaluate sleep quality. prior to sleep, a11Participants colnpleted a survey regarding thermalSensation, physical condition, and subjective sleep sensations. Additiona11y, the tempeΥ且tuYe andrelative humidity of t})e participants' bedrooms were recorded. After waking up, the participantsCompleted the sleep sensation questionnaire and contlnued to the next、day performance
expeYiment' 1n the next day perforn)ance, the brain response (event、Ye]ated potentials with a late
Positive colnponent and latency 30o nliⅡiseconds; hereafter referred to as "P300' in the presentStudy) and reaction time oflndonesian students, as tropical natives living in Japan, and JapaneseStudents were investigated and con〕pared in natural(hot during sulnmer and cold duYin牙 Winter)and con〕fort conditions (with cooling and heati11g).
The avel・aδe bedrooln telnpere.ture e.nd re]ative humid北y oflndonesian and Japanese groups weYe

Comparable during the summer' Moreover,1ndonesiRn group had a higher comfort temperaturethan Japanese group andpreⅥOus studiesconductedin Japan. The GYiffiths methodindicatedthat
the sumn〕er's means of comfort temperature for lndoneslan and Japanese were 28.1 C and26.1 0C.1ndonesian st口dents' bedtin)e (duration on bed) and sleep minute were comparable tothose ofJapanese students durin留 the summer. HOW'eveT,the sleep rate oflndonesian students was
10wer than that of Japal)ese students.1n the next"day brain response experiment, the current
Study showed that there were no differences in P30o potential and latency of participants(1ndonesian and Japanese groups) between coolin宮 and hot conditions. Moreover, after performin又Uchida Kraepelin (U'10 test during comfort conditions (cooling during summer), the reaction tilne(RT) and the nulnber oflapse (RT > 50oms) oflndonesian group showed delayed and increased
Significantly, respectively

This study also indicated that the bedroom t.elnperature of lndoneslan students was S1即iflcanuy
Warmer than Japanese students duYjn又 Wintel'.1n winter. majority of lndonesian students prefer"warm" in contrast to the preference of Japanese who mostly prefer "neutral." Accordil)g to tl)ethermal colnfort survey,1ndonesian had a lower value than Japa11ese in wlnter. Moreover, there
Was a siσnificant difference in the wake、up time of Japanese students in the sleep quality study

Actigraphy measurelnents indicated that the lndonesian partidpants' waking tilne coincided withSunrise. Japanese participants, on the other hand, awoke later than lndonesian students.1n theComforttemperature,the Gri任北hs method indicated thatthe Mnter means ofcomforttemperature
for lndonesian and Japanese were 23.5 ゜c and 16.0 ゜C.1n the next'day brail〕 response experin〕ent,
there were no differences in P30o potential, P30o latency and RT of lndonesian and Japanesegroups between cold and heating conditionsin the winter. Moreover, after performil)g the u‑K testat heating condition, the RT oflndonesian group sl〕owed a significant delay
Principal component analysis showed the f0110wing YCSU]ts: eight vayiab]es of therme.1 Sensationquestionnaire in sleep survey can be simplified with two factors (Tsl and TS2、 59 % ofcumulative
Variability), seven variables of sleep sensation questionnaiye in sleep sul'vey can be simplified with
two factors (ssl and sS2,72 %), and seven variables ofthermalsensation questionnaire in brain

response experlmentcan be simplified with two factors (TEl and TE2,フフ%).1n the sleep quality ofIndonesian 旦roup, TSI W'as con'elated with sleep rate and sleep latency.1n Japanese group, TS2Was correlated W北h sleep rate, sleep efaciency and ssl.1n brain response of lndonesian group,
TE2 Was correlated P30o latency ln Japanese gTOUP, TEl was correlated with P30o potential andTE2 Was correlated with P30o potential and latency ln the correlation analysis between sleep
quality sensati01) and ne父t、day brain response. the duration on bed、 sleep minute, and sleep rate
Were correlated with P30o latency ln tl)e sleep sensation, ssl was correlated with P30o latency,
Sleep vote, endurance, a11d speed ofu、K test, SS2 Was Cの'related with P30o potential, consistency,
accuYacy, and correct rate ofu、K test'

The method010gy n〕i牙ht be replicated in tbe future study, which is eⅥdently usefU1 加 investi宮ate
Sleep quality and next・day brain response il〕 the natura1日.nd colnfortable environlnent setting.
This research contributes a piece of new knowledge regardlng sleep quality, thermal comfort,
next・day brain response, particularly for tropicalnatlves livlng or w'orking ln Japan