The International Consortium on Landslides (ICL)
138-1 Tanaka-Asukai cho, Sakyo-ku, Kyoto 606-8226, Japan
URL: http://icl.iplhq.org/ and http://www.iplhq.org/Outline]

The I nternational C onsortium on Lands lides ( ICL) w as c reated to promote landslide research forthe benefit of society and the environment, and capacity building, including education, notably indeveloping countries during the Kyoto University and UNESCO joint symposium on Landslides andCultural Heritages in Kyoto in 2002. The outline of ICL as follows.
1. The do micile o f I CL i s K yoto, J apan, w here t he S ecretariat i s l ocated and ICL is le gally
registered as a non-profit organization of the Kyoto Prefectural Government according to theJapanese law in 2002.
3. ICL w as appr oved as a s cientific r esearch o rganization ( No. 94307) which c an appl y an dreceive t he s cientific grant o f the M inistry o f E ducation, C ulture, S ports, S cience andTechnology (MEXT), Japan in March 2007.
4. ICL was approved to be a NGO having operational relations with UNESCO in April 2007. It wasreclassified as NGO with the consultative partnership with UNESCO in March 2012.
5. Major achievements and development of ICL activities are summarized as follows: ICL established the UNITWIN (University Twining and Networking) Cooperation Programmeon Lands lide risk m itigation for s ociety and t he env ironment w ith U NESCO and K yoto
University i n March 2003. The U NITWIN H eadquarters B uilding w as c onstructed by I CLand Kyoto University in Kyoto University Uji Campus in September 2004. Thereafter, theprogramme was developed to Landslide and water –related disaster risk management forsociety and the environment in November 2010.
 ICL founded “Landslides”: Journal of the International Consortium on Landslides in 2004 as acore activity of ICL. It is a bimonthly full color journal (Impact factor 2013 is 2.814).
 ICL has founded the International P rogramme Lands lides (IPL) together w ith 7 global
stakeholders (UNESCO, WMO, FAO, UNISDR, UNU, ICSU and WFEO) in 2006.
 IPL ac tivities i ncluding IPL pr ojects, t he World Landslide For um (WLF) ev ery t hree y ears,and t he World C entres o f E xcellence on Lands lide R isk R eduction (WCoEs) to be
identified at WLF.
 The Fi rst World Land slide Fo rum (WLF1) w as organized at t he U nited N ations U niversity,Tokyo, in 2008, the Second World Landslide Forum (WLF2) at the Food and Agriculture
Organization ( FAO) o f the U nited N ations, R ome, 2011, and the Third World Land slideForum (WLF3) at National Convention Center of China, Beijing, in 2014.
 9 thematic Networks and regional Networks of ICL were established following ICL StrategicPlan 2012-2021.
 ICL adop ted the 2014 B eijing D eclaration " Landslide R isk M itigation: Toward a Safer Geoenvironment" at the WLF3 in Beijing.
 ICL i s an o rganizer o f the Working S ession “ Underlying R isk Fa ctors” of WCDRR, on 16
March 2015 i n S endai, J apan and the I SDR-ICL S endai P artnerships 2015 -2025. forglobal promotion of understanding and reducing landslide disaster risk will be adopt ed inWCDRR.

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Research Achievements and Challenges
A summary of your organization’s most important recent research achievements explaining
how those research achievements connect back to actual disaster risk reduction goals.
The ICL group has published their research results in Journal “Landslides”.
One example from Europe and one example from Asia for research achievements connecting toactual disaster risk reduction goals are shown in Fig.1 and Fig.2.
Research o f InSAR technology t o Lands lide Inventory m apping and L andslide M onitoring hasprogressed. N ow i ts t echnology has been appl ied i n I taly, A ustria, Slovakia and T aiwan f orlandslide di saster r eduction. T he upper figure i s t he appl ication t o Landslide I nventory Mapping,
the l ower f igure i s the a pplication t o Lands lide m onitoring. Lands lide m onitoring u sesthe InSAR
monitoring along the descending (b) and the ascending (C) orbit and the vertical component (d)using both data. (Fig.1)
Research of the measurement of parameters of landslide dynamics using the undrained dynamic
loading ring shear test and the integrated computer simulation (LS-RAPID) has been progressed.
The above is the application to the 2014.8.20 Hiroshima landslide-debris flow disasters.
a : Photo of Hiroshima landslide disaster, b: Landslide debris deposition (red) and debris removal(pink). c: result of LS-RAPID where initial landslide mass was given as initial condition based on
the r eal l andslide ( b). d : T he w hole s lope are c overed by 2 m uns table debr is. When l andslide
mass w ill m ove l ess t han por e pr essure r atio l ess than 0 .25 ( usual pr evious r ainfall), thoselandslide mass was removed regarding those unstable mass does not exist on 2014.8.20. Then,the r eal monitored rainfall w as g iven, and i t w as c onverted t o por e pr essure ratio us ing S LIDE
model. The result o f l andslide m ovement i s r ather s imilar to t he r eal c ase and al so LS -RAPID
result imputing the initial real landslide mass (c). C is landslide reproduction after the disaster, d ishazard m apping be fore t he ev ent. This r esearch achievement c ontributes t o landslide r isk
assessment and actual disaster risk reduction goals. (Fig.2)

aFig.1 Application of InSAR technology to Landslide Mapping and Landslide Monitoring.
2abcdFig.2 Development of hazard mapping and risk assessment technology based on the undrained ring shear test andthe computer simulation.

A summary of what your organization sees as the major research challenges for the future.
In th e IS DR-ICL S endai P artnerships 2015 -2025, We agree on t he following i nitial f ields o f
cooperation in research and capacity building, coupled with social and financial investment: Development of people-centered early warning technology for landslides with increased
precision and r eliable pr ediction bot h i n time an d l ocation, es pecially i n a changing c limate
context.
 Development of hazard and vulnerability mapping, vulnerability and risk assessment withincreased precision, and reliability as part of multi-hazard risk identification and management.
 Development o f i mproved t echnologies for m onitoring, testing, anal yzing, s imulating, an deffective early warning for landslides.
 Development of international teaching tools that are always updated and may be used free ofcharge by national and local leaders and practitioners, in developed and developing countries
through the Sendai Partnerships 2015-2025.
 Open c ommunication w ith s ociety t hrough i ntegrated r esearch, capacity building, k nowledgetransfer, awareness-raising, training, and educational activities to enable societies to develop
effective policies and strategies for reducing landslide disaster risk, to strengthen theircapacities for preventing hazards to develop into major disasters, and to enhance theeffectiveness and efficiency of relief programs.
 Development of new initiatives to study research frontiers in understanding landslide disaster
risk, s uch as the e ffect o f c limate c hange on large-scale l andslides a nd debr is flows, t heeffective prediction of localized rainfall to provide earlier warning and evacuation especially indeveloping c ountries, the m echanism and d ynamics o f submarine l andslides dur ing
earthquakes that m ay c ause or en hance t sunamis, and geotechnical s tudies o f c atastrophic
megaslides for prediction and hazard assessment.
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ICL is pr oposing t he I SDR-ICL S endai P artnerships 2 015-202 t o pr omote theunderstanding and r educing l andslide disaster r isk t o be ad opted i n WCDRR 201 5 i nSendai. It will be ann ounced to launch at the Working Session “Underlying Risk Factors”
on 16 M arch 2 015. I t w ill be s igned by U NESCO, UNU, ICSU, WFEO, IUGS, IUGG,National Civil Protection Department of the Italian Presidency of the Council of Ministers,
Italy, the National Protection and Rescue Directorate, Republic of Croatia, Cabinet Office,Japan, M EXT, J apan, and t he S cience C ouncil o f J apan, K yoto U niversity as well as
UNISDR and ICL.

ISDR-ICL SENDAI PARTNERSHIPS 2015-2025
FOR GLOBAL PROMOTION OF UNDERSTANDING AND REDUCINGLANDSLIDE DISASTER RISKTools for Implementing and Monitoring the Post-2015 Framework for Disaster RiskReduction and the Sustainable Development Goals
The above partnerships was proposed based on the following acknowledgement: Landslide disasters are caused by exposure to hazardous motions of soil and rock thatthreaten vulnerable human settlements in mountains, cities, coasts, and islands.
 Climate c hange will intensify t he r isk o f l andslides i n s ome landslide pr one ar eas
through an increase in the frequency and/or magnitude of heavy rainfall, and shifts inthe location and periodicity of heavy rainfall.
 Developments i n m ountains and c oastal areas, i ncluding c onstruction o f r oads andrailways and ex pansion of urban areas due to population shifts, increase exposure tohazards of landslides.
 Although they ar e n ot frequent, s trong e arthquakes have po tential t o t rigger rapidand long runout landslides and liquefaction. Earthquake-induced coastal or submarine
large-scale landslides or megaslides (with depths on the order of hundreds of meters
to o ne t housand m eters) i n t he oc ean floor can t rigger l arge t sunami w aves. These
hazardous motions of soil and w ater impacting on ex posed and vulnerable population
can result into very damaging effects.
 The combined effects of triggering factors, including rainfall, earthquakes, and volcanic
eruptions, c an l ead t o g reater i mpacts t hrough disastrous l andslides s uch as l ahars,debris flows, rock falls, and megaslides.
 Understanding landslide disaster risk requires a multi-hazard approach and a focus onsocial an d i nstitutional v ulnerability. T he s tudy of s ocial a nd i nstitutional as w ell as
physical v ulnerability is need ed t o as sess t he ex tent and m agnitude o f l andslidedisasters and to guide formulation of effective policy responses.
 Human intervention can make a greater impact on exposure and vulnerability through,among other factors, land use and urban planning, building codes, risk assessments,
early warning systems, legal and policy development, integrated research, insurance,
and, ab ove al l, s ubstantive educ ational a nd aw areness-raising e fforts by r elevant
stakeholders.
 The un derstanding o f landslide di saster r isk, i ncluding r isk i dentification, v ulnerability
assessment, time prediction, and disaster assessment, using the most up-to-date andadvanced knowledge, is a challenging task. The effectiveness of landslide disaster risk
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reduction measures depends on s cientific and t echnological dev elopments forunderstanding disaster risk (natural hazards or events and social vulnerability), political“buy-in”, and on increased public awareness and education.
 At a hi gher l evel, s ocial and financial i nvestment i s v ital for understanding an dreducing l andslide di saster r isk, i n particular s ocial an d i nstitutional v ulnerability
through c oordination o f pol icies, pl anning, r esearch, c apacity dev elopment, an d t heproduction of publications and tools that are accessible, available free of charge andare easy to use for everyone in both developing and developed countries.
We ar e planning to dev elop t he Landslide Teaching Tools to pr omote c apacity
development as w ell as t o dev elop l andslide s cience t oward a s afer future. This i svoluntary commitment to the WCDRR and its Sendai Partnerships. The content and how
to implement will be discussed in Sendai and also in 2015 by surveying various condition.
The current draft summary is below.

ISDR-ICL Landslide Teaching Tools

A voluntary commitment to the ISDR-ICL SENDAI PARTNERSHIPS 2015-2025
to promote understanding and reducing landslide disaster risk
Thus far many ac tivities hav e be en undertaken t o understand a nd r educe t he r isk f rom
landslide di sasters i n many c ountries. N ew k nowledge and ex perience g ained t hroughthese s ignificant activities ar e not al ways shared w ithin w orldwide c ommunities, anddistributed to leaders and practitioners in developing, and even developed countries.
The IS DR-ICL t eaching t ools i nclude t he up dated k nowledge, t echnology, pol icy,guidelines and standards, as well as practices in different countries for reducing landslidedisaster risk. A wide variety of updated information will be c ollected, edited and uploaded
on a WEB site. Leaders and practitioners in both developing and developed countries will
have access to and may download any of the teaching tools free of charge.
Each teaching t ool w ill be dev eloped by a c ontributing or ganization of the S endai
Partnerships a nd w ill hav e a u nique i dentifier1. T he c ontributing or ganization r etains thecopyright and the responsibility for its content and updating.
Example of Identifier: TEXT-tool 3.081-1.1
3: Stands for Part Number within Disaster (Part No.3 : Testing and Simulation)
081: Stands for Country code of contributing organization (Japan)
1: C onsecutive num ber al located t o e ach c ontributing or ganization w ithin a c ountry(International Consortium on Landslides)
1: The number of tools of the contributing organization (Landslide Initiation Mechanism)

1 The identifier will consists of:• The “ TEXT t ools” ( original t ext dev eloped for t his t ools), “ PDF t ools” ( alreadypublished information) or PPT tools (PowerpointⓇ files for lecture).
• The Part number within the disaster• The Country code
• Code of the organization• Consecutive number of the tool developed by a single organization
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