;< J. Hot Spring Sci. /3 ,0+ῌ,1, ,*+*

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Stable Isotopic Composition and Origin of
Hot Spring Water in Shimokita Peninsula,
Aomori Prefecture
Shingo TOMIYAMA+) -, Hiroyuki II,, Tomoko UEHARA-,
Yukiko KOIZUMI- and Hiroyo WAMURO-

Abstract
In order to identify the origin of hot spring waters, water chemistry and stable isotopic ratios of hydrogen and oxygen of hot spring waters and surface waters in Shimokita Peninsula, Aomori Prefecture were studied. The results of the study suggest following chemical characteristics and origin for the hot spring and surface waters. (+) Mostof the hydrogen and oxygen isotopic data of the surface waters of this area is plottedclosely along the meteoric line of dD92d+2O:,+. (,) Anion composition suggests that the
hot spring waters of the area are classiﬁed into . types (HCO--Cl type, SO.-Cl type, ClHCO- type and Cl-SO. type). The hydrogen and oxygen isotopic ratios of the HCO--Cl
type hot spring water are similar to those of the local meteoric waters, and their simple
meteoric origin is suggested. (-) The SO.-Cl type hot spring waters, with similar carbon
isotopic ratios of dissolved HCO- to those of the marine carbonates, discharged from
Tertiary marine formations show chemical features similar to the hot spring of the GreenTu# Area. Hydrogen and oxygen isotopic ratios are lower than local meteoric waters,
but the reason for this was not identiﬁed by this study. (.) Cl-HCO- type hot springwaters of Kuwahata have dD versus Cl relationships not showing the mixing relation ofsea water and meteoric water and have d+-C values of HCO- similar to marine carbonate
minerals. These chemical features can be explained by the increase of concentrations of
dissolved ions by the reaction of meteoritic water with gypsum, sea salts and calcite of
the Green Tu#, Yagen Formation. The chemical reaction of meteoritic water and rockalso has changed oxygen isotope ratios. (/) The acid Cl-SO. type hot springs show hy+ 0.*ῌ2/+*  ! 3-* + Graduate Schoolof Systems Engineering, Wakayama University, 3-* Sakaedani, Wakayama 0.*ῌ2/+*, Japan.
,"#$ 0.*ῌ2/+*  ! 3-* , Faculty of
Systems Engineering, Wakayama University, 3-* Sakaedani, Wakayama 0.*ῌ2/+*, Japan.
-%&'()*+,- --*ῌ*2-/ ./012345678 +ῌ,31 - Mitsubishi Materials
Techno Corporation, +ῌ,31 Kitabukuro-cho, Omiya-ku, Saitama --*ῌ*2-/, Japan.

261

      drogen and oxygen isotopic ratios (dD vs. d+2O) characterizing the mixing of island arc
volcanic gas and local meteoric waters. Relationships of hydrogen isotopic ratios and Cl
contents (dD vs. Cl) suggest, however, that the waters are formed by mixing of seawaterand local meteoric waters.
Key words : Hydrogen isotopic ratio, Oxygen isotopic ratio, Origin of hot springs, Shimokita
Peninsula

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264

Sampling location and spatial distribution of water quality represented by hexa-diagram

, /3 - &,*+*'

 !"#$%-, 

"#./0123456#2789( HCO- 5 Mῌ:;<=>2?@AB?) HCO- C>DA?( E#F) Mῌ:;<=>5 *.*+N #GHIJ8K ?( Na) K) Ca,) Mg,) Cl)
SO., 5LMNOPQRSTU &DIONEX VW' 8X ?( "Y Z?@5"Y[\W]

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VW Optima' cno@X ?( "YῌHY5) #p.qrs &tuv

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#X '( ) "k§¨©ªL:ST«c Fig , ) R==¬:

Table +
Sample
No.
R-+
R-,
R-R-.
R-/
R-0
R-1
R-2
R-3
R-+*
R-++
R-+,
R-+R-+.
R-+/
R-+0
R-+1
R-+2
R-+3
R-,*
R-,+
R-,,
R-,-

Locality

Washirozawa
Yunokawa
Yunokogawa
Yunokawa
Okawashirisawa
Yahazuyama
Yugawasawa
Shimoburo
Oakagawa
Takahashigawa
Hiroyama
Gonezawa
Okuyagen
Yagen
Kamazawa
Usoriyamako
Kamahuseyama
Hiyamizu
Kamasawa
Oakagawa
Koakagawa
Komatunokawa
TozawaChemical composition of river waters
Chemical composition(mg/L)

Stable isotope
ratios ( )Type of
river
water

EC
ORP Temp.
pH (mS/m)(mV) ()

Na-Cl
Na-Cl
Na-Cl
Na-Cl
Na-Cl
Na-HCONa-Cl
Ca-SO.
Ca-HCOCa-HCONa-HCONa-HCONa-Cl
Na-Cl
Na-Cl
Na-Cl

140
140
143
/4,
143
24*
143
/40
24140
24*
24*
2424.
24,
.4*

14+
140
042
243
14*
040
24*
+14,
,,4*
04+
/4.
04,
140
24/
24,
+-40

+.,
+*.
+3/
,.*
+0/
+/+/3
,.*
//
2*
/.
//
/,
2.
++/
,3/

+*434++4,
14+
.4,
04/
14+
+*42
+*4+
24,
143
14+
++4/
24,
34243

34,
24/
142
++
241
14/
34*
++,
/4*
14,
14*
342
341
340
,+*

*42
+4*
+4*
*43
*42
*43
*42
+4+
+40
*41
*41
*41
+4*
*42
+4,
,-

,43
.4*
.4/
,4,
.4*
/404+,3
/43
-4*
.4.
-41
0404*
/*

+41
,4+
+4/
,4,
+4+
+4+
+4.
.4*
,42
+4+
+4.
+43
+40
+41
+41
,41

+,
++
340
+.
+*
242
++2
+0
.4+
24+
240
+.
++,
-3*

+*
++
+.
*
34,
,*
+2
*
/.
,+/
,+
+/
+1
+2
*

14,
+*
142
+2
34.
,42
.43
/-/4*
,4/
,4,
-4/
143
042
2+

Na-HCONa-SO.
Ca-SO.
Ca-SO.
Ca-HCONa-Cl

140
140
.4.
/4*
141
14.

24/
34/
,24*
,*4*
/4/
++42

//
/*
./2
-/+
+.*
+*-

14,
34.
+*4+*43
++4/
++4+

240
+*
++
34*
/42
+.

+4* 043+4* 142
+4.
+1
+4+
+1
*40 /4,+4, 14*

,4/
,4*
.43
.4+
+4,
-40

+*
+.
+,
+*
140
,+

,3
.
*
*
+0
-*

,4/
,2
3.
2/
,4./

Na K Ca, Mg, Cl HCO- SO.,

dD

d+2O

/14,
/-40
0*4.
/34/.40
/.42
/.4,
/+41
/-4*
/341
/340
/043
/14.
/,41
//41
/.4+
/142
//4+
/04.
//42
/04+
/04.
/+4-

342
34.
+*4+*4*
34.
340
34.
243
242
+*4*
+*4+
+*4+
342
34*
341
24/
343
3434.
34/
340
+*4*
242

265

    !"'()*+,- Fig. - ./01023# 4567689:;<= pH > ...$2.. ?@ABC %EC&
> /./$,2.* mSῌm, DEFG?H %ORP& >/*$./2 mV, 6 > ..,$++./ 7IJ.KL# M(NOPQ(NORS.TL68U(V=WX> Na-Cl YZ[X= Ca-HCO- Y.\]3L> ^_`a7bcdef+g-hiP3Ljkl

kl7ml6nopq 7rsml6= SO.,

. t Ca-SO. Y768-u3L# v0w Ca-SO. Y7ml6= Dxyml6z{7|yZ?@
ABCPDEFG?H>}~.KL#

6= pH > -..$2.2 ?@ABC> 2*$+*+* mSῌm,

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Table ,

Chemical composition of hot springs

Type ofSample Name of hot spring pH
EC
ORP Temp.
No. hot spring(mS/m) (mV) ()
water
H-+
H-,
H-H-.
H-/
H-0
H-1
H-2

Itakozuka
SO.-ClKawauchiSO.-ClYunokawa SO.-Cl
Kuwahata Cl-HCOShimoburo Cl-SO.
Akagawa HCO--Cl
Okuyagen
SO.-ClOsorezan
Cl-SO.

14,
141
240
041
-4.
04.
242
-41

/,*
+10
+*0
+*+*
/1*
+1.
2*
./*

456P3LPDEFG

2*
-.
*
3,
-+
+*/
-+
/1

Chemical composition(mg/L)Na K Ca, Mg, Cl HCO- SO.,

0+4* ++** ,,/,40 ,** +.
/*4, +** .42-/4. +3** +**004. 23* +-*-34/ ,1* +2
0*4.
21 -4+.*4, 1-* 3+,,*
0+ 0/*+/*+, +,*+-* *4+,2.
/+* ,** -+**
+3* +4. +1**
2*/* +3*
1, *4*0.1++* .4* +-**

,**
00
+0
+/**
*
0.*
+3
*

Fig. - Trilinear diagrams for water samples: Cl-HCO- type,  : Cl-SO. type, : HCO--Cl type,  : SO.-Cl type,

266

Stable isotope
ratios ()

,,**
0.*
.,*
+***
/,*
,**
-**
,1*

dD

d+2O

d+-C

0/4, +*4/ .4*
0/4- ++4* .4+
0,4* +*4/ +141
/34* 24.
*43
.040 040
//4. 34,*4*
0,4* +*40 +-42
.34- 14*

: River water* /3 + #,*+*$

 !"

, -./012% ,3456-78& 9% :;<=>?6-@A+*'+*** BCDEF8

& G<=>HIJKL<MN H-0 : OP- HCO--Cl Q% H-+ : RST% H-, : UVW8
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% @A g
pqrAsCo

Chg

ijkno

ufV v d #Deuterium excess d, w d xC

8y$ N% z{ @ArN +*',0|}~t% @JtD #% +32+$& Fig. . 2ls@AN%d(dD-2d O Jt

ijk Fig. . lm& dD C d+2O+2CDc #R-+0$ k2C d x- +1',.

|}~t% mC,+ rW& d x- ,+ rWCN% z{ @A kAm rWt% ῎ @A #d(,, ; % +331$ C῍m& Fig. / N% @Ajkῐ% _P% PXPJ`bc

dD% d+2O J` d xC7 i. @desFls& 8 ,¡ #R-2% R-,-$ -¢s78 dD% d+2O 9¢s18 d xklm-%
F¤ῌD¥ND8& cN7£8F@£8¡ #R-+0$ £8FN Na ?6- ,+* mgῌl, Cl ?6- -3*mgῌl D¦§CsFN:;<=>?6-78& G<=>HIrNbc #H-2$ C ¨

Cl-SO. Q

rWt% © ªr«¬sF8 ­~ ®¯k°F8C±V&²% @AC£8F dD% d+2O J` d xk ³mC% HCO--Cl Q OP #H-0$
N dD(//..)% d+2O(3.,) J` d x(+2.- rWt% OP- ´mµ£ῐ¶·¸ @A #R-/% R-0% R-1% R-2% R-3% R-+3% R-,*% R-,+$|}XWt%  ¹k!"CmCN¤rW& SO.-Cl Q RST #H-+$% UVW8PX #H-,$% YZP #H--$ J`[\] #H-1$ N¹qºWt% d x #» +3.,% ,,.-% ,+.1% ,,..$ £8F_P¼PX
P @A #R-+% R-,% R--% R-.% R-+*% R-++% R-+,% R-+-% R-+.% R-,-$ m-%Ngῌhg½@AJt18& 9 Cl-HCO- Q ^_ #H-.$% Cl-SO.

Fig. . Relationship of dD and d+2O
 : HCO--Cl type,  : SO.-Cl type,  : Cl-HCO- type,  : Cl-SO. type, : River water,: Meteoric line

267   

Fig. / Relationship between altitude and of dD, d+2O and deuterium excess d of river waters
 : North of Mutsu-Hiuchidake area,  : Ohatagawa area,  : Kawauchigawa area,  : Osorezan area



H-/

!"# H-2 $ % &'()*+, - Fig. . d $ 0.-2.,./-0%!-12 3456)!789:;<=>?@ABC'+7
D+')EF,$G.BHI7.ῌ- ῎ῒῑ῍῏ῐ
HCO--Cl  H-0 $ 0%A)JK L M)!-!

N'+O15BC'+7 A8"I7PE#Q=RSTUVW$.$ X%YZ
&['A\](^_`a bc?;dWe;<Tfcge;hi(^j)AklK,F7 ' ,**1 $ (^j)*mnop< Uqrstu?+, -.)!- 0
)/vI7&['Awx 13 0,1y.z{ ,,* 23 %|4_5},FO~6]_7K, - 8 %|455@9]A+7

%A +7 T5K,

{34. %A +7n5 8 %&':;KO<\=><?
%>_P%)!-%A +7n<@-ABC'+7A 50%%>ῌ\>.8AI7D5&' %)!7 ~6]A{FSO.-Cl AB H-+ +/F$ H-, CD H--
HCO--Cl 5E)%>ῌ\>8A %!"&[ H-1 $)- d $0%)I7

K&KhA' D+'% dD 5 d+2O _0% dD 5 d+2O F5LI75 0%!-1 dD . /3 d+2O . *.1+.- 8A2 !hG) %_M5I7%5$BCHF %%>ῌ\>8A %)-hA'1%!-1F8_II$ JῌlX%Y '_KvL35I7¡c¢u£:) F,MN'+7 ¤NO' +31/ ¡c¢u£:$ &'lX%Y 'P)
JKO %A.!N'+75¥)l:_QvK¦l+O1./- QR?\efu?§85\>8$%P SO., S¨4© CaSO. )TI7D5_UV5I
7 ¤NO +32+ W[ªX«5KO SO.-Cl $F¬+1lX%Y '&['_KvL
35K, - 0.­®+O¯¢cu¡)!73°P)$¨4©RA±M+,F7
X²rU³¢Yn´Zµ¶ +320 yO QR?\efu?§8 d-.S 5K,·[+2./

!"&[+0.* A\'+, - X²rU³¢Yn´Zµ¶ +320 D+'_J¸jj¹P?\ºj) ,,,. <§]j .1 hFK$=]>?12 »ῌ¤¼ +330 5LI75 ?\ºj)5§]jP½)/7 QR HCO- P=> d+-C )
268

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)*+ , - ,./0*1 23/4/..*  ..+
,506 789:;< .!

  +323  =>" ? 1@ABC d+-C <23/4/+1.1;

5 ?DEF d C < -.!,*+-;,+-.2  +323 ,789:;<GHI<JK>" LM@N SO.-Cl O2PQ +32+ @RSTUVWOJ? X+*Y Z@6[*Z@6[*J\)D] ,^ ! /D*"Y0" Y

J[)_`,X+ #abcd,2efghYiDjk* l$  ,**1 D]Yma /Y no2%&50"
Cl-HCO- Op' H-. 2 Cl ()Y - gῌl LM06 Na ()[ , gῌl *),qrs7

,tu/8J\)" 3v5 Cl-HCO- OJmw>x dD-Cl ()yzJ{|}~X Fig. 0 a" 7 dD#*  Cl#+3.-/ gῌl ; U +313 p' dD#/3.*  Cl#-.+ gῌl @A+Z2,M-b 7* 5.>, dD#1**)D6 Z@6[p'J^ J Cl ()#Y*" p'J7,Cl ()#* Dx@N,>, v@NDTV&2/X*$ PQ +32+ 2 ,'7J,>)*+ Cl ()#-!/ gῌl *)5:

YW~XY8060v,J1X+*"  v@ND,X+ 2~U /@ND Ca,  Na 3ZJ

X+*" 2~U 2 ῌ#% & J X¡¢ CaSO.ῌ,H,O
7; NaCl, F CaCO- Y4F£/ Ca, Na Cl SO., ¤¥UY4¦X 4¦X Ca, ? 2§¨©V¤~ª56« Na ,¤¥U¬­£/+ Na-Ca-Cl-SO. OZY®8£/
v,Y7¯ DZ°±²³´@µ+¶ x /+* M +330" p'4·8¤¥UN¸ Ca, ())*+9:>, *./ gῌl 506qrs Cl (),J,, *.+0 ,D
" v/27 Ca , Cl () *.*, U +313 @6[&rs «,

;¹JKºX+*"  4·»¤¥UN¸ HCO- 9 d C <*.3

d+-C < .!,+-2789:; <¼ 06 F4F@9Y½£/" £  :

Fig. 0 Relationship of dD and Cl, dD and d+2O include deep ﬂuid
 : HCO--Cl type,  : SO.-Cl type,  : Cl-HCO- type,  : Cl-SO. type,  : N/3-SK-0,: Meteoric line,: Mixing line269    

  +./ !"#$%&  '  ()*+,-$. / 0123456% *78935 " 01:6;+<3=>?@ A5 B6 Ca, Na Cl SO., C1" HCO- 3!+DEF  ' 
"GH%IJ53 B" ()*6;I3KFH05ALC$.
'M3 Cl-SO. NKO.P"# H-/ 5Q H-2  $RST3UG%V3T&>Q3W9XY'"(6 )Z3T[\3]*+^_1$. )Z3T[\ Fig. 0 b "`aῌ' "b%+,-c1$ T[\5P53de" .fC$;/0

3'M Cl-SO. N3ῌ'  T[\5P3de]gh`ai5+j1C$%H. k23 +330 l; T[\m4"5'n6>5'n7o 7n @n
hpq r$+5dea.5s'M3 Cl-SO. N85F.  t +33/ ; k231 ,**1
P"#9 , km :"&H% NEDO " uvC$; N/3-SK-0 wK x +,/**+,1** m "'M3 Cl-SO. Nx;8 Cl !1.2 gῌl dD-,.* d+2O*.- pH..* 3<y+j
1C$%H. P"#3ῌ' 

i3 Cl-SO. Nx;855hz{=> "?| C1" Cl-SO. Nx;8h 

3DH"}@6;A")Z3T[\+(a. Fig. 0 b i3~Fῌ' 

3+, P"#5 Cl-SO. Nx;8 )ZT[\5+r$$F.eKde6;I3KO.i5h`aBM+O. mK dD 5
Cl !3]gK ?53de]g"mCa.5 .i5+K. Fig. 0 a Q

"GH%0<KDEF3GH H-2 hῌIJ6;+ r$/#"IK3H
+<y6 Cl-SO. N> SO.-Cl N Cl-HCO- NF3KFhLa. Aoki +33+ +33, x;43M Cl N8+MP>5FeKde6Ha.i5K i$1
3KF+fC$.X9hN6%H.  5DEF3 H-2 hzde>3}@> " N/3-SK-0 w3x;85C1")Z3T[\+(a. Fig. 0 b i3; )Z[\553de"..f+^_1$.+ Cl h5a.O<fI3!
+P"#3 /*2*῍ KO.i501  3hc%H.BM+O. l; dD
5 Cl !3]gK?53de>-"O  P"#5 "T[\3*hPQ
5I ῌ' 

3+,hALa.i5+BKO. F Rh¡¢3£S56;H0ῌ ῎ ῍ ῏
0<K ¤¥PTU)3P"# ¦< Qh5a.5"GH%§VO<nfI>ῌ'¨Q ῌFhWQ6 34h R6;KE33 Na-Cl NI6E Ca-HCO- N"©Xa.+ UG%V3ª«W9X
Y ' h4 Y 5a. Z[\[\ 3¬ \ >P "#   3 ] ¬ \  SO., "  qCa-SO. NhLa. 5'3 3]g dD ^ d+2O K 3Z;I+ d _,+ 3>-"(a.῍ ­®¯7`f".3°®± HCO--Cl N3[\ SO.-Cl N3a b ²$OH\' cd\ ¦< Cl-HCO- N32&| Cl-SO. N3P"# Q"³IC$.
i3~´ HCO--Cl N3[\3ῌ' ]"µ6 P3x;

801Ie6;5'n6>7nhpU¶·" M;3P+¸8C$
fC$;I35^_1$.
῎ SO.-Cl N3a b ²$OH\' cd\&|¦<?f¹$ºShHf

J56 O< HCO- 363 d+-C _+?f6'@"gµa.F »¼½7°)N270

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, 9; ^_%xTῌῑῐ῍
Aoki, M. (+33+) : Gold and Base Metal Mineralization in an Evolving Hydrothermal System at
Osorezan, Northern Honshu, Japan. Report, Geological Survey of Japan, No. ,11, 01῎1*.
Aoki, M. (+33,) : Magmatic Fluid Discharging at the Surface from the Osorezan Geothermal
System, Northern Honshu, Japan. Report, Geological Survey of Japan, No. ,13, +0῎,+.

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