Asian Network of Major Cities (ANMC 21) Joint Project

Support with the Formulation of
a Comprehensive Plan for Public Transport

Basic concept of public transport planningin Tokyo
Ｊｕｌｙ 12, 2011
Bureau of Urban development
Tokyo Metropolitan Government1Asian Network of Major Cities (ANMC 21) Joint Project

Outline of Tokyo

2

Asian Network of Major Cities (ANMC 21) Joint ProjectJAPAN in Far East Asia
JAPAN

TAIWANINDONESIA

Source ：「ANMC21」

3

Asian Network of Major Cities (ANMC 21) Joint Project

Comparison of Taiwan/Taipei, Indonesia/Jakarta and Japan/TokyoCountry

TaiwanIndonesia

Japan

Land area (km2)

36,000*5

1,860,000*5

377,930*1

Population (×103)

23,024*5

232,516*5

127,510*1

Density (人/km2)

639.9*5125.0*5341.9*1

Railway (km)1,575*6

7,985

27365.7*2

City

TaipeiJakartaTokyo

Land area (km2)

272

662

2,187*3

Population (×103)

2,600

9,220

13,165*3

Density (人/km2)

9,559

14,185

6,018*3

Railway (km)101.9*6150

1,082.2*4*1：Ministry of Internal Affairs and Communications「Statistical Handbook of Japan 2011」*2：Ministry of Land, Infrastructure, Transport and Tourism(2010)*3：Tokyo Metropolitan Government(2010)*4：Institution For Transport Policy Studies(2009)*5： Date Book of The World 2011 published by Ninomiyasyoten*6： Data was provided by each member city4

Asian Network of Major Cities (ANMC 21) Joint Project

The Tokyo Metropolis
100km
radiusTochigiGunma

50km
radiusIbaragi
Wards Area
622km2

Saitama

Yamanashi

Tokyo

30km
radius

Chiba

Kanagawa

5Asian Network of Major Cities (ANMC 21) Joint Project

Population Trends of the Tokyo Metropolis(Million Persons)

14

Gradually increasing ,But estimated to start decreasing after 2015.

12
10
8
6
4
2
18
80
18
90
19
00
19
10
19
20
19
30
19
40
19
50
19
60
19
70
19
80
19
90
20
00
20
08

0

Year

6

Asian Network of Major Cities (ANMC 21) Joint Project

Outline of Roads

7

Asian Network of Major Cities (ANMC 21) Joint ProjectExpressway Networks in Japan
SapporoTokyo
NaritaHanedaYokohama

Legend (As of April 2000)
Expressways (14,000km)
Kyoto★National Expressways(11,520km)
Completed
Under construction
In basic plan
Projected route

Hiroshima
Fukuoka
Nagoya
Osaka

Tokyo

☆Other Expressways(2,480km)
Completed
Under construction
In basic plan 8

Asian Network of Major Cities (ANMC 21) Joint ProjectExpressway Network in Tokyo
For Sendai

Ken’o-do(Metropolitan Inter-City Expressway)

Gaikan-do(Tokyo Gaikan Expressway)Tokyo
NaritaHanedaFor Osaka

Yokohama

Completed

Chuo-Kanjo-sen(Central Circular Route)

Under construction
Planned9

Asian Network of Major Cities (ANMC 21) Joint Project

Completion Ratio of Loop Expressway Networks
Tokyo

Paris

Berlin47%
completed85%
completed97%
completed

Planned 522㎞
Completed 245㎞

Planned313㎞
Completed 267㎞

Planned 222㎞
Completed 217㎞

【２０１１】【２００９】【２００７】

10

Asian Network of Major Cities (ANMC 21) Joint Project

A comparison of Road Density

Tokyo(Wards area)

16.2

London

16.6
20.0

Paris
New York

23.2

Washington DC

25.0
0

5

10

15

20

25

30

Road Area (%)
11

Asian Network of Major Cities (ANMC 21) Joint ProjectCurrent Situation and Target of Average Trip Speed
A Road Traffic General Survey of 1995
34.1 km/h

Average in Japan

Target for 2025

30 km/h

The Present Situation(Tokyo Wards Area)

18 km/hMarathon Runner(World Record)

20.1 km/h
0

10

20

30

40

50
12

Asian Network of Major Cities (ANMC 21) Joint Project

Major Roads Network in Tokyo
Gaikan-do(Tokyo Gaikan Expressway)

Chuo-Kanjo-sen(Central Circular Route)
Saitama
Radial Road No.9

Radial Road No.12

Beltway No.7
Radial Road No.13

Tachikawa

Radial Road No.15
Shinjuku
Koshu Kaido

Hachioji

Chiba

Shibuya

Radial Road No.16
Beltway No.2
National Road
No.16

Radial Road No.4
Radial Road No.3
Radial Road No.2

Kamakura Kaido

Kanagawa

Ken’o-do(Metropolitan Inter-City Expressway)

13

Asian Network of Major Cities (ANMC 21) Joint Project

Development of City Planned Roads 2010
Completion Ratio
Total

59%

Wards Area

60%

Other Area

57%

(km)
400

Circular roads 62%, Radial roads 68%

Detail of Wards Area
16
101

300

17
200

In basic plan
Under construction
Completed

78
248

100

155

(68%)
（68％）

(66%)
（62％）
0

Circular Roads

Radial Roads

14

Asian Network of Major Cities (ANMC 21) Joint Project

Promoting Transportation
Demand Management (TDM)

15

Asian Network of Major Cities (ANMC 21) Joint ProjectTransportation Friendly to People and the Environment
Promotion of Transportation Demand Management (TDM)
MeasuresUtilization of ITS Technologies
DemandForecasting
Signal Control

Improvement and Optimizationof Signal Control

By forecasting traffic flow, the optimal signal control can be achieved.
Rapid change in traffic flow can be corresponded.

SensorTraffic
Information
Panel

Diversification of Traffic
DemandTraffic information panels give driver the information on traffic
congestion and necessary time. They also suggest driver to make adetour, so that the traffic demand is diversified.

Sensor

Info.
Panel

Informs required time andcongestion area
Congestion
Area

Diversify traffic flow andease traffic congestion

Improvement of Road Facilities

Measures for loading

Measures for Taxis berth

Modification of Lane
TV System forpreventing Illegal Parking
Tuning of Signal

Set-up of Baggage-handling
Place out of the Lane

Set-up of Bus Bay
Set-up of Left-turn Lane

Set-up of Red-colored Pavement(Reflection Pavement)
Extension of Right-turn Lane
Ensure of Baggage-handling Place

Baggage Handling
Permitted

Source: Brochure “Hyper Smoothing Tactics”, (TMG, Tokyo PD, Tokyo Bureau of National Road）

16

Asian Network of Major Cities (ANMC 21) Joint Project

Bus : Bus Operations Management System
Standing type Transceiver

Connection of the Vehicle Equipment

17

Asian Network of Major Cities (ANMC 21) Joint Project

Bus : Public Transportation Priority System

18

Asian Network of Major Cities (ANMC 21) Joint Project

Outline of Railways

19

Asian Network of Major Cities (ANMC 21) Joint Project

Characteristics of Railways in Japan• Railway networks in Japan are highly developed.
• ‘Shinkansen’ and many limited expresses link major cities.
• In 3 metropolises (Tokyo, Osaka and Nagoya), railway networks have beendeveloped by various private railways other than national railway companies
and municipal subway companies.
• The Japan National Railway was privatized in 1987 and divided into seven‘JR’ companies.
• Operation service is quite on schedule.

Subway Oedo line

JR Tokaido Shinkansen

Hankyu railway (private railway)
JR Yamanote line

20

Asian Network of Major Cities (ANMC 21) Joint Project

Railway Networks in Tokyo

JR 山手線
JR Yamanote Line（Loop Line）

池袋（Ikebukuro）
上野（Ueno）

秋葉原（Akihabara）

皇居（Imperial Place）

新宿（Shinjuku）

東京（Tokyo Stn.）

渋谷（Shibuya）
品川（Shinagawa）

0 km

5 km

10 km

羽田空港（Haneda）

JR Lines (Ex-National Railways)（旧国鉄）
Private Lines （民鉄）21Subway Lines（地下鉄）Asian Network of Major Cities (ANMC 21) Joint Project

Characteristics of Railways in Tokyo• Railway networks in Tokyo carry 24 million passengers daily.
• Peak-hour railroad operation interval: 1 to 2 min.
• Annual average delay per train: 0.7 min.

22

Asian Network of Major Cities (ANMC 21) Joint Project

Development of Railway Networks
In response to the expansion of the Metropolitan Area

23

Asian Network of Major Cities (ANMC 21) Joint ProjectMetro and regional railway networks in Tokyo

22

Note : Tama area is not included in this figure

Asian Network of Major Cities (ANMC 21) Joint Project

Railway Networks in Tokyo(Nov. 2010)

LengthJR Lines(Ex-National Railways)

Private Railways(7 major companies)

Subways(2 major companies)

Monorail, New
Transit and Others
Total

Number of
Stations

419km

141

383km

293

300km

234

76km

101

1,178km769

25

Asian Network of Major Cities (ANMC 21) Joint Project

Zones accessible within 5 minutes and 10 minutes walk from station(23ward)
Ring road No.8
Ring road No.7

JR Yamanote Line

Shinjuku

Tokyo Station

Yamanote Street

26

Asian Network of Major Cities (ANMC 21) Joint Project

The Current Conditions of Urban Transportation in Tokyo(23ward)World-Leading Railway Line Development

Comparisons of Route Density and Transportation
Modes in Tokyo and Major Overseas Cities
Route density(km/km2)

Paris
0.41

London
0.74

Tokyo
1.01
Motorcycles 1%
Buses 1%

Automobiles
11%

Shares ofMovement by
Transportation
Mode

Motorcycles 1%
Other 1%Other 1%

Local railways andsubways 86%

Railway・Subway
86%

Buses 7%

Local
railways
30%

Automobiles
25%

subways 35%

Buses
9%

Local
railways21%

Motorcycles 3%
Other 2%

Automobiles
28%

subways 37%

Railway・Subway Railway・Subway
65%
58%

New York
0.74
Local
railways
7%
Buses 1%

Automobiles
32%

subways 54%

Railway・Subway
61%27

Asian Network of Major Cities (ANMC 21) Joint Project

The Current Conditions of Urban Transportation in Tokyo
Railway Crowding（％）(Tokyo area)

Overcrowding ratio
Transport capacity index
Passenger number index

1975 1980 1985 1989 1993 1998 1999 2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007

(year)

Source：「WHITE PAPER ON MLIT IN JAPAN (2008)」

28

Asian Network of Major Cities (ANMC 21) Joint Project

Improvement of Railways

29

Asian Network of Major Cities (ANMC 21) Joint Project

Policy Report of the Council for Transport◆A basic plan
Concerning the development of transport links on the
rapid-transit railway in Tokyo metropolitan area
◆History
The policy report of the council for transport revisedalmost every 10 to 15 years recently.
1956 Policy Report of the Council for Urban Transport No.1
1962 Policy Report of the Council for Urban Transport No.6
1968 Policy Report of the Council for Urban Transport No.10
1972 Policy Report of the Council for Urban Transport No.15
1985 Policy Report of the Council for Transport No.7
2000 Policy Report of the Council for Transport No.18

30

Asian Network of Major Cities (ANMC 21) Joint Project

Policy Report No.18 of the Council for Transport(Issued in January, 2000)◆Target year ⇒ 2015
◆Basic Aspects
1) Decrease average ratio of train congestion,
future target: 150% at peak time2) Improve express services
3) Ease accesses to airport and Shinkansen
4) Make traffic service barrier-free and seamless
31

Asian Network of Major Cities (ANMC 21) Joint Project

Planned Routes categorized in the Policy Report No.18
Planned Route A1

Routes that should be open by 2015
Planned Route A2

Routes that should start building by 2015
Planned Route B

Routes that construction
should be examined in the future
32

Asian Network of Major Cities (ANMC 21) Joint Project

Planned roads mentioned in the Policy Report No.18
Ikebukuro
Shinjuku

Akihabara

Roppongi

NaritaTokyo
ShibuyaTokyo Disney Resort

Ginza
HanedaNew line

Yokohama

To four-track line

Ａ１
Ａ２
Ｂ

33

Asian Network of Major Cities (ANMC 21) Joint Project

Recent Development of Railway in Tokyo④Nippori-Toneri Liner①Oedo Line

④

①

⑤

②Fukutoshin Line

⑤Tukuba Express②①③Rinkai Line⑥

⑥Yurikamome Line③

34

Asian Network of Major Cities (ANMC 21) Joint ProjectCurrent States of A1, A2 and B Routes■All A1 Routes have already been open
or under construction■but, any A2 and B Routes are notunder construction
Issues
1 To find an entity who take care of the project2 To secure funds for the huge project expenses
3 To improve profitability of the project35

Asian Network of Major Cities (ANMC 21) Joint Project

Outline of major subsidy systems related to railway development
Subsidy rate
SystemSubject

OutlineApplicable lines
National

Local

Subsidy fordevelopment ofunderground
rapid speed
railways

PublicPublicprivate
Metro

Subsidy fordevelopment of
airport accessrailways

PublicPublicprivate

Subsidy for
improving
convenience ofurban railways

Public-led
such aspublicprivate

Subsidy for development of shortlines and mutual direct operation
facilities as well as improvementof existing stations

Privaterailways- System in which the Japan Railway Construction, Transport
and Technology Agency undertakes the development, andassigns their properties to the operator by long-term annual
installments (25 years).
- The national and local governments pay interests exceeding
5% evenly.

P-line system

Tokyo metropolitan government, Tokyo
Metro,Nakanoshima Rapid Railway
Nishiosaka Railway

Subsidy for construction of newlines and large-scale
improvements

35%

35%

Subsidy for development of new
town railways

15%

15%

Subsidy for development of
airport access railways

Yokohama City
Sendai Airport Transit
Narita Rapid Railway Access

18%

18%

* Subsidy rate: 1/3

1/3

Sotetsu-JR through line
Sotetsu-Tokyu through line
Improvement of Hankyu Sannomiya
Station

1/3

Rinkai Line
Tokyo Monorail36

Asian Network of Major Cities (ANMC 21) Joint Project

Promoting Barrier-free Facilities

37

Asian Network of Major Cities (ANMC 21) Joint ProjectTransportation Friendly to People as well as the Environment
Promoting Barrier-Free Facilities

Source : “Land , Infrastructure and Transportation 2001 White Paper”

38Asian Network of Major Cities (ANMC 21) Joint ProjectCurrent Conditions of Urban Transportation in Tokyo“Barrier-Free” Improvements
Installations of elevators and escalators in the Tokyo railway stations
100%
ＪＲ＋Private Railway
Tokyo Metro
Toei Subway
Total

95%
90%
85%

ＥＶ・ＥＳ

2004

2005

2006

2007

2008

ＪＲ＋
PrivateRailway

72.0%

77.1%

81.4%

83.9%

85.1%

Tokyo
Metro

75.8%

78.0%

79.5%

84.1%

86.8%

Toei
Subway

67.7%

78.3%

84.5%

88.0%

90.1%

Total

72.1%

77.5%

81.6%

84.7%

86.3%

80%
75%
70%
65%
60%
2004

2005

2006

2007

2008

Provisions of barrier-free restrooms in the Tokyo railway stations
100%
95%
90%
85%
80%

Stations withbarrier-free
restrooms

2004

2005

2006

2007

2008

ＪＲ＋ Private
Railway

65.4%

69.4%

73.1%

76.5%

78.4%

Tokyo Metro

68.2%

76.5%

78.0%

79.5%

80.1%

Toei Subway

92.9%

94.9%

97.0%

98.2%

99.1%

Total

69.8%

74.3%

77.4%

80.4%

81.9%

75%
70%

ＪＲ＋Private Railway

65%

Tokyo Metro
Toei Subway
Total

60%
2004

2005

2006

2007

2008

39

Asian Network of Major Cities (ANMC 21) Joint Project

Promoting Seamless Transportation

40

Asian Network of Major Cities (ANMC 21) Joint Project

Promoting Seamless Transportation－System of “through routes”－
Toei Asakusa Line (Public Railway TMG)

4 railways in “Direct-through Service”

Keikyu Line(Private Railway)

Keisei Line
(Private Railway) (Private Railway)
Hokuso Line

Hokuso Line (Private Railway)
Keisei Line (Private Railway)

Keisei Line
(Private Railway)

Shibayama-Chiyoda

Higashi
NaritaKeisei
NaritaTakasago

Oshiage

Sengakuji
KeikyuKamataNishi Magome
HanedaAirportMisakiguchi

Keikyu Line(Private Railway)

NaritaAirportInba-Nihon-Idai

Toei Asakusa Line
(Public Railway TMG)

41

Asian Network of Major Cities (ANMC 21) Joint Project－ Improvement of Transport Convenience －Ikebukuro St.

赤羽方面
To Akabane

To Shinjuku
新宿方面

To Tabata
田端方面
Saikyo Line

（Previous Plan）

Shounan-Shinjuku Line

Platforms were arranged by Line. 42

Asian Network of Major Cities (ANMC 21) Joint Project

Improved Transport Convenience
Ikebukuro St.

To Kawagoe

To Shinjuku

To Tabata

Saikyo Line
Shounan-Shinjuku Line

To Omiya（Improved Plan）
Platforms were arranged by
Direction of Trains
Saikyo Line

Shonan-Shinjuku Line

Saikyo Line

Shonan-Shinjuku Line43

Asian Network of Major Cities (ANMC 21) Joint ProjectTransportation Friendly to People and the Environment
Promoting Seamless Transportation－ Improved Transport Convenience －The IC Card Ticketing System in urban area
The IC Card &the Ticket Gate
Pleasetouch itsurely !

JR East & the others

ＰＡＳＭＯ ＩＣ

（6 Sectors）

Mutual Use with Each
Transportation Company
Buses（2007～）
Private Railways &（74 Sectors ）Subways （26 Sectors）

44

Asian Network of Major Cities (ANMC 21) Joint ProjectTokyo
Metropolitan
Government
Thank you very much!
45