Analogue modelling ofaccretionary complex (above)

crack

Shape and intensity of flow
structures defined by alignmentof orthoclase megacrysts inside
the Yakushima pluton, SW Japan(left)
コンタクト不良
Flow fabrics defined byanisotropy of magnetic
susceptibility obtained fromthe Cocos plate oceanic
crust and lateral migrationof magmas in the spreading
ridge (left)

Content:
My main interest is in the processes of continental crust
formation at subduction zones, especially those formed
in ridge-subduction environment. My interests extend to
the development of accretionay prisms and distribution ofseismogenic faults, accretion processes of oceanic crustat spreading ridges and mechanisms of magma intrusion.
Fieldwork based on structural geological methods is mymain approach to understand these processes, but I also
take paleomagnetic, geochronological, geochemical
approaches. My focal area for this study is in Southwest
Japan and Chile-ridge subduction zone. Utilizing IODP
drilling ships and research vessels and submersibles run
by JAMSTEC, I studied structures and development ofaccretionary prism in the Nankai trough, sedimentation
nearby seismogenic zones in the Chile margin, oceanic
crust accretion processes off Panama. More recently, I
run an archaeological project on development of urban
mine in the early Mesopotamian cities and its relation to
the environmental changes surrounding the cities.
Keywords： Earth & Planetary ScienceE-mail: anma@tokushima-u.ac.jp
Tel. +81-88-656-7240
Fax: +81-88-656-7240

Rain-water sampling in West Asian countries and the rain-water composition<ᅗ⾲>ᶁᶐᵿᶁᶉᴾ

Content: As shown in the left pannel, particle contents ofmatter and its interactions are well㻌 known at present
almost in every respect.㻌 Such accumulated knowledgeof particle interactions culminates in the so-called
standard model of elementary particles. The model itself
seems sufficient to describe nature observed so far.
However, the origin of the particle content is unclear in
the standard model of elementary particles. The model
has been built on quantum theory and relativity, whose
restriction on the model building is not so strong as to pin
down the standard model. Moreover, the quantum theory
seems generic enough to describe observed data ofphysical phenomena, while theory of relativity is notinevitable from a theoretical point of view.
Our research on basic laws in elementary particle
physics aims to reveal fundamental structures that selectthe standard model among other possibilities. The
candidate structure is a new physical symmetry calledsupersymmetry, yet to be observed in nature. In
particular, maximal supersymmetry may be sufficiently
restrictive to fix the corresponding theory uniquely. A
substructure of supersymmetry might lead to relativity
under mild assumptions in the quantum theory.
Keywords䠖theory of elementary particles, supersymmetry
E-mail: izawa.kenichi@tokushima-u.ac.jp
Tel. +81-88-656-2510
Fax: +81-88-656-7328

FigureCoal Fly Ash in Atmospheric
Aerosol

Pb Cd
As PM2.5

GF-A.A.S.

Content:

Our research
1. Electrothermal atomization analytical atomic
spectrometry of trace element
2. Environmental toxic element : Pb, Cd, As, Cr
3. Environmental analytical chemistry
4. Long-range transport of air pollutant.
Scientific and applied research was carried out inenvironmental
science in our Laboratory.
Instrumentation and procedures were proposed to
the future technologies“ Blue Planet”.

for theKeywords ：Analytical Atomic
Environmental chemistry.
E-mail: shoji.imai@tokushima-u.ac.jp
Tel. <+81-88-656-7273>
Fax: <+81-88-656-7273>
http://pub2.db.tokushimau.ac.jp/ERD/person/60478/profile-ja.html

Spectrometry,

Catalytic Asymmetric Synthesis of Metallocenesᶁ ᶐ ᵿ ᶁᶉᶁᶐᵿᶁᶉᴾ

Synthesis of S-Arene-Cr Complexes and Application

Content:
The two faces of an unsymmetrically substituted
cyclopentadienyl anion are enantiotopic each other. The
K5-coordination of a metal cation to the Cp anion
discriminates the two faces, and the obtained
metallocene becames chiral. This type of chirality iscalled “planar-chiral”. Planar-chiral metallocenes areimportant chiral scaffords in asymmetric synthesis,
however, their effective preparations in scalemic forms
are limited. We have demonstrated that the olefin
metathesis can be applicable to the transformation ofvarious metallocenes, and chiral metathesis catalysis
realizes catalytic asymmetric synthesis of planar-chiralmetallocenes.
Analogous
planar-chirality
can
be
seen
in
unsymmetrical S-arene-Cr complexes as well, and wehave also succeeded to achieve the catalytic asymmetricsynthesis of various planar-chiral S-arene-Cr by theasymmetric ring-closing metathesis. The phosphinoderivatives from the planar-chiral compounds have beenclarified to be excellent chiral ligans in the Rh-catalysis.
Keywords䠖asymmetric synthesis,
homogeneous catalysis
E-mail: ogasawar@tokushima-u.ac.jp
Tel. +81-88-656-7244
Fax: +81-88-656-7244

Ion conductors & Li transition-metal oxides
Ion intercalation/de-intercalationA+
Jahn-Teller distortion
Phase transition
Metal-insulator transition

Application of NMRᶁᶐᵿᶁᶉᴾTo development of advanced
electrode materials'W ( kHz )14
12

LixCoO2

10

x=1.0
x=0.8
x=0.6

8

Content:
Energy device materials such as ion rechargeable battery
and fuel cell are key materials for sustainable energy resource.
Conventional electrical measurement technique is inadequate
to study electrochemical reaction microscopically. In special,microscopic insights for ion intercalation/de-intercalation are
required to develop electrode materials for the advanced
rechargeable battery.
NMR is a powerful tool to study local ion dynamics andelectronic state in electrode materials because of probing
nucleus directly. Spin-lattice relaxation, Spin-spin relaxation,
and FT spectrum give an important information to thedevelopment of materials for ion rechargeable batteries.
We aim to understand diffusion mechanism and ionic
conducting behavior in various ion conductors/electrodematerials with NMR technique.

6
4
2
0

100

200

300

400

500

600

Temperature ( K )Temperature dependence of 7Li-NMR line widths in LixCoO2.

Keywords䠖 Ion conductivity, NMR, Ion secondary battery
E-mail: nakamura.o.koichi@tokushima-u.ac.jp
Tel. +81-88-656-7577
Fax: +81-88-656-7577
HP : http://ssip.pm.tokushima-u.ac.jp/~lab/index.html

ᶁᶐᵿᶁᶉ

Upper䠖
Ourselves andsurrounding
materials which
consist of atoms.
Left䠖 The highly
radiopure NaI(Tl)scintillator named
PICO-LON.

Content:
We search for the particle candidates of cosmic dark matterby means of an inorganic crystal scintillator. The well-known
atoms (Upper Picture) accounts for only 5% of thecomponents of the Universe. The other part of the Universe
consists of unknown dark matter (23%) and unknown darkenergy(72%). Many candidates of the dark matter areproposed by various theories which describes beyondstandard theory.
Our project to search for dark matter named PICO-LON aims
to find particle candidates for cosmic dark matter by means ofa large volume and highly radiopure NaI(Tl) crystal. NaI(Tl) is
highly sensitive to various candidates of dark matter particles.
The dark matter experiments are needed to be performed
under extremely low background environment: the expected
event rate is less than a few events per day. Our laboratory
has developed a highly radiopure NaI(Tl) detector whose
impurity was lowest in the world (Lower Picture).
We are developing a larger (total mass of 1 ton) and purer
NaI(Tl) scintillator to construct the dark matter search detector
PICO-LON (Pure Inorganic Crystal Observatory for LOwbackground Neutralino).

Keywords: Dark matter , Inorganic crystal scintillator
E-mail: kfushimi@tokushima-u.ac.jp
Tel. +81-88-656-7238
Fax: +81-88-656-7238

Neural Expression of the Huntington’s Disease Gene asa Chordate Evolutionary Novelty

Proposal for the evolution of Huntingtin (Hd) expression
in the Metazoa.
A. Early embryonic expression of Hd has been observedin fruit flies, sea urchins, ascidians, and zebrafish.
B. The adult expression pattern of Hd.
C. Expression of Hd found in both ectoderm and mesendodermal tissues in vertebrates.
D. Polymorphisms in the polyQ repeat lengths are seenin primates and swine, but not in other vertebrates. Danioand Fugu HD contain only 4 Qs, and in Drosophila the
CAG repeat is not present, indicating that the polyQ
expansion of HD is a tetrapod, possibly mammal, specificcharacter.
Collaboration with Professor R. Raff at Indiana University,
USA.

Content:

Huntington’s disease is a progressive neurodegenerative disorder in humans, which is characterized
by onset of dementia, muscular ataxia, and death.
Huntington’s disease is caused by the expansion of thepolyglutamine (polyQ) tract in the N-terminus of the HD
protein (Huntingtin). The evolutionary origins of thevertebrate Hd gene are not well understood. We havecloned and characterized the expression of the Hd genein two invertebrate deuterostomes, and have examinedthe expression patterns in a phylogenetic context.
Echinoderms are basal deuterostomes and ascidians arebasal chordates; both are useful for understanding theorigins of and evolutionary trends in genes important invertebrates. Expression of Hd RNA is detected at allstages of development in both the echinoderm andascidian studied. In the echinoderm, Hd is expressed incoelomic mesodermal tissue derivatives, but not in thecentral nervous system. In the ascidian, expression is
located in both mesoderm and nervous tissue. We
suggest that the primitive deuterostome expression
pattern is not neural. Thus, neural expression of the Hdgene in deuterostomes may be a novel feature of thechordate lineage, and the original role(s) of HD in
deuterostomes may have been non-neural.
Keywords䠖marine and freshwater invertebrates,
gene expression
E-mail: kwmakabe@tokushima-u.ac.jp
Phone: +81-88-656-7269
Fax : +81-88-656-7269
Web : 㼔㼠㼠㼜㻦㻛㻛㼜㼡㼎㻞㻚㼐㼎㻚㼠㼛㼗㼡㼟㼔㼕㼙㼍㻙㼡㻚㼍㼏㻚㼖㼜㻛㻌㻌㻌㻌㻌㻌㻌㻌㻌㻌㻱㻾㻰㻛㼛㼞㼓㼍㼚㼕㼦㼍㼠㼕㼛㼚㻛㻟㻜㻥㻡㻞㻜㻛㼕㼚㼐㼑㼤㻙㼖㼍㻚㼔㼠㼙㼘㻌

Content:
The materials show a variety of physical properties, andthe intermetallic compound including rare earth elements
is known to show specific quantum phenomena such asa heavy-fermion state or anisotropic superconductivity
caused by strong repulsive force between 4f electrons,
called a strongly correlated electron system (Fig.1). It is
expected to discover novel properties of physicalphenomena by understanding the details of microscopic
electronic states.
For example, the various properties of the caged
compound are caused by the interaction between the 4f
electrons of the rare earth elements in the cage, andshow specific quantum states such as a heavy-fermion
state or multi-pole ordering state. It is important to clarify
the microscopic electronic states using the nuclear
magnetic resonance (NMR) method. The NMR spectrum
reflects the microscopic electronic states (Fig.2), and we
can obtain the information for each site. We make use ofthis characteristic and investigate the microscopic originof the novel quantum states.

ᶁ ᶐ ᵿ ᶁᶉᶁᶐᵿᶁᶉᴾ

Fig.1 Various physical properties in strongly correlated
electron system

Spin-Echo Intensity (arb. units)

NdTi Al
2

20

27

Al-NMRf = 11.10 MHz
T = 4.2 K

0.8

0.85

0.9

0.95
P H (T)
0

1

1.05

1.1

Fig.2 27Al-NMR spectrum of caged compound NdTi2Al20

Keywords䠖Strongly correlated electron system,
Magnetism, Superconductivity
E-mail: magishi@tokushima-u.ac.jp
Tel. +81-88-656-7230
Fax. +81-88-656-7230

Ph

OH
R

Ph
N

RCHO
R'I

R'

Ph
R'I

43-88%OPhCOOHOH 3 eq. Sr

R

1)
2)
3)
4)
5)
6)

Sr

HN

H

Ph
R'
good yields

RCOOH

O

MeI

R

>>
R R

OH
R
R

O
1.2 eq. RIᶁᶐᵿᶁᶉᴾ
0.2 eq.x4 RI
R1
OR2
R3I
O
O
OH
R4
O
4
R
Cl
R3
R3
1
3
R1
R
R
R3
excellent yields
excellent yields

N. Miyoshi, K. Kamiura, H. Oka, A. Kita, R. Kuwata, D.
Ikehara, M. Wada,㻌 Bull. Chem. Soc. Jpn., 77, 341 (2004).
N. Miyoshi, D. Ikehara, T. Kohno, A. Matsui, M. Wada,
Chem. Lett., 2005, 760.
N. Miyoshi, T. Matsuo, M. Wada, Euro. J. Org. Chem.,
2005, 4253.
N. Miyoshi, T. Matsuo, M. Asaoka, A. Matsui, M. Wada,
M. , Chem. Lett., 2007, 996.
N. Miyoshi, T. Matsuo, M. Mori, A. Matsui, M. Kikuchi,
M. Wada, M. Hayashi, Chem. Lett., 2009, 996.
N. Miyoshi, M. Asaoka, Y. Miyazaki, T. Tajima, M.
Kikuchi, M. Wada, Chem. Lett., 2012, 35.

Organometallic compounds are some of the mostversatile reagents in organic synthesis and among themare organometallic compounds of alkaline-earth
elements. However, few studies on the preparation andreactivity of organostrontium compounds were found in
the literature1 outside our study.
We have been
investigating synthetic reactions using strontium
compounds and have reported that the alkylation ofaldehydes or imines with alkyl iodides1,2 and dialkylationof esters with alkyl iodides3 proceeded smoothly using
metallic strontium to afford the corresponding adducts ingood yields. Moreover, various esters reacted withmetallic strontium and alkyl iodides to give dialkylated
products, followed by adding acid chlorides or acidanhydrides to afford the corresponding bulky tert-alcohol
esters in good yields. 6 Furthermore, aliphatic carboxylic
acids reacted with methyl iodide to give thecorresponding methyl ketones in moderate to good yields,
and benzoic acid proceeded to obtain the unexpectedly
p-alkylated adducts in good yields.
Keywords䠖<organic chemistry, strontium, methodology>
E-mail: <miyoshi@ias.tokushima-u.ac.jp>
Tel. <+81-88-656-7250>
Fax: <+81-88-656-7250>

Fig.1䠖Eclogite (from Ehime)

Fig.2䠖Blueschist(from Tokushima)

crack
Fig.3a䠖Metamorphic zonation mapof central Shikoku with localities of
XOWUDPDILFV PDQWOHPDWHULDOV Ļ

Sambagawa beltἅὅἑἁἚɧᑣ

100 km

Fig.3b䠖 Original spatial
relationship between subducted
URFNVDQGXOWUDPDILFVĻ
Appearance line
for ultramafics

Content:
Metamorphic rocks generate through solid-statechemical reactions under high-pressure (P) and hightemperature (T) conditions at depths of the earth.
Tokushima is located on a high-P/T metamorphic belt,
the Sambagawa belt, which contain rocks that formed at
depths of several 10s km in a subduction zone (such as
eclogite and blueschist: Fig.1&2). The exhumation
mechanism of such metamorphic rocks is still unclear
and is a main research interest of our laboratory.
We usually carry out field studies for metamorphic rocks
mainly focusing on deformational structures and also
take rock samples. We make thin-sections of thesamples to study mineral assemblages and theirmicrostructures under polarizing microscope. Thus far,for example, we recognized a chronologically close
association of ridge subduction with exhumation of the
Sambagawa metamorphic rocks, and an evidence fortrapping and bringing-up of hanging-wall mantle material
by subducted metamorphic rocks (Fig.3a,b).
Keywords䠖 Earth & planetary scienceE-mail: aoya@tokushima-u.ac.jp
Tel. +81-88-656-7265
Fax:㼇㻝㼉㻌㼀㼔㼕㼚㻌㼒㼕㼘㼙㻌㼍㼚㼐㻌㼐㼑㼢㼕㼏㼑㻌㻺㻹㻾㻌㻌 Development of high resolution NMRThin film high resolution
NMR probe

probe for lithium ion batter (LIB)㻌
Magneticfield㻌
NMR detector㻌Thin film㻌㻌㻌 Fast spinning of LIB in magnetic field

Thin film spinning module㻌㼇㻞㼉㻌 㻰㼥㼚㼍㼙㼕㼏㻌 㼚㼡㼏㼘㼑㼍㼞㻌 㼜㼛㼘㼍㼞㼕㼦㼍㼠㼕㼛㼚㻌 㼡㼠㼕㼘㼕㼦㼕㼚㼓㻌 㼏㼛㼛㼞㼐㼕㼚㼍㼠㼕㼛㼚㻌㼜㼛㼘㼥㼙㼑㼞㻌
㻌
Polarization of nuclear㻌
spins which allows
㻌hypersensitive NMR
spectra!!
㻌㻌㼇㻟㼉㻌㻼㼞㼛㼠㼛㼚㻌㼏㼛㼚㼐㼡㼏㼠㼕㼚㼓㻌㼏㼛㼛㼞㼐㼕㼚㼍㼠㼕㼛㼚㻌㼜㼛㼘㼥㼙㼑㼞㼟㻌㼍㼚㼐㻌㼒㼡㼑㼘㻌㼏㼑㼘㼘㻌Content:
㻌 Solid-state nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) has
been a powerful spectroscopy which provides atomiclevel structures and dynamics of solid materials.
[1] We have developed new solid- state NMR methods
for mass-limited samples and functional thin films. A workin progress is the development of in-situ device highresolution NMR. The target devices include lithium ion
batteries, fuel cells, and organic photovoltaics. We willaddress structures and dynamics of devices in working.
[2]
The inherent disadvantage of NMR is weaksensitivity compared with those of other spectroscopies.
We have developed the new method of dynamic nuclear
polarization to overcome the weak sensitivity.
[3] The design of fast proton conducting solids is ofinterest to materials chemistry from the viewpoint of fuelcell technology. Based on state-art of NMR
characterizations, we elucidated proton transportmechanism, developed super proton conducting
coordination polymers, and performed first demonstrationof coordination polymer fuel cell.
Keywords 䠖 Nuclear magnetic resonance, Coordination
polymer, Solid-state ionics
E-mail: inukai.munehiro@tokushima-u.ac.jp
Tel. +81-88-656-7550
Fax: +81-88-656-7550
HP : http://ssip.pm.tokushima-u.ac.jp/~lab/index.html

Content:
From the view point of “Green Sustainable Chemistry”,
now I research the development of the synthetic methodof functionality material without organic solvents.
Deoxysaccharides are one of the constitution unit of anatural product and pharmaceutical products, which has
a big influence on the expression of our living bodyfunction. To synthesis of deoxysacchrides many
protection/deprotection steps are required in organic
solvents, because of its have hydrophilicity.
To overcome these problems, I developing the synthetic
method of the deoxy sugars in water, including pentose(fivemonosaccharides)
andhexose(six
monosaccharides) from a common unit. Also I am trying
to synthesis of natural bioactive compounds only in water.
In the future, for the no use of any organic solvents evenin the extraction or purification steps, I am planning toapply this method to the flow chemistry by using theimmobilized catalyst in the column.

Keywords：Green Chemistry, Organic Synthesis
E-mail: ueno.masaharu@tokushima-u.ac.jp
Tel. 088-656-7251
Fax: 088-656-7251
HP : http://web.ias.tokushima-u.ac.jp/
ac-lab/chem.person.files/Page1569.htm

)LJ&U\VWDOVWUXFWXUHRI$VLWHRUGHUHG5%D0Q2

)LJ OHIW 3KDVHGLDJUDPRI5%D0Q2 ULJKW 0Q105VSHFWUDRI/D%D0Q2

Content:
Transition metal oxides with perovskite structure andtheir derivatives have been intensively studied in terms oftechnological application as well as fundamental physics,
because of their rich variety of electromagnetic
properties, such as high-Tc superconductivity in copperoxides and colossal magnetoresistance in manganeseoxides. However, the mechanisms of these physicalphenomena are not yet well understood.
To clarify these issues, we study magnetic properties oftransition metal oxides by NMR and PSR from a
microscopic point of view. For example, we investigate
the A-site randomness effect in Ba-based manganites.,Q
WKLVZRUNZHLQYHVWLJDWHWKHPDJQHWLFDOO\RUGHUHGVWDWHV
RI WKH $VLWH RUGHUHG 5%D0Q2 5 UDUH HDUWK DWRPV ZKLFKDUHIUHHIURP$VLWHUDQGRPQHVVGXHWRWKHOD\HU
W\SH RUGHULQJ RI 5 DQG %D DWRPV DW WKH $VLWH RI WKHVWUXFWXUH )LJVDQG 

Keywords: Strongly correlated electron systems,
Magnetism, Superconductivity,
Magnetic ResonanceE-mail: kawasaki.yu@tokushima-u.ac.jp
Tel: +81-88-656-9878
Fax: +81-88-656-9878

:HDWKHULQJ LQIOXHQFHV WKH SURFHVVHV DQG UDWHV RI
ODQGIRUP GHYHORSPHQW VXFK DV PDVV PRYHPHQW 7KHVWXG\RIWKHVHSURFHVVHVDQGUDWHVRIURFNZHDWKHULQJLVWKHUHIRUHLPSRUWDQWIRUHQJLQHHULQJJHRORJ\ᶁᶐᵿᶁᶉᴾ/DQGVOLGHFDXVHGE\WKH.XPDPRWRHDUWKTXDNH:HDWKHULQJSURILOHRI1HRJHQHPXGVWRQHLQ.XPDQR*URXS

Geological and geomorphological principle andtechniques necessary to locate potential landslide sites.
To predict of potential landslide sites, we needs tounderstand of formative processes of weathering profiles
and their physical and mechanical properties.
 &KDQJHVLQWKHURFNVWUXFWXUHDQGFRORURIURFNVGXH
WR ZHDWKHULQJ VHHP WR EH DIIHFWHG E\ FKDQJHV RI LURQ
PLQHUDOV$FFRUGLQJWRPHDVXUHPHQWVRIURFNSURSHUWLHVFKDQJHV LQ FRORU WR UHGGLVK DQG LQFUHDVLQJ SRUH YROXPHSOD\PDMRUUROHVLQWKHZHDWKHULQJSURFHVVHVRIURFNV

Keywords䠖rock weathering, landslide, slope failure
E-mail: nishiyama@tokushima-u.ac.jp
Tel. +81-88-656-7239
Fax: +81-88-656-7239

Fig. 1 X-ray structures of nucleic acid enzyme determined.
A

B

Sulfolobus solfataricus
RNA polymerase
Nature 451 (2008)

Thermococcus kodakarensis
RNA polymerase
Nature commun 5 (2014)

Aeropyrum pernix
RNA-splicing endonuclease
Nucleic Acids Res 39 (2011)

E

Candidatus Micrarchaeum
acidiphilum
RNA-splicing endonuclease
Nucleic Acids Res 40 (2012)

Methanopyrus kandreli
RNA-splicing endonuclease
Nucleic Acids Res 46 (2018)

Thermococcus kodakarensistRNA methyltransferase Trm11
Nucleic Acids Res 44 (2016)

C

D

F

Content:
Our research goal is to reveal the molecularmechanisms of catalytic reaction and substrate
recognition of nucleic acid enzymes regardingtranscription and post-transcription events. X-ray
crystallography is a powerful tool to determine thestructures of proteins and nucleic acids (DNA and RNA).
Based on the structural information, we performbiochemical studies of the enzymes. These results
obtained often provide a novel insight into the substratespecificity of enzymes.
Our favorite model microorganism is Archaea, which isone of three domains of life. There is strikingly similarityof structure and function of enzymes related totranscription and RNA maturation between archaea andeukaryote because the two domains are evolutionallydivided from a common ancestor. So far, we havedetermined the X-ray structures of archaeal enzymes,
two RNA polymerases (Fig. 1A and 1B), three RNAsplicing endonucleases (Fig 1C, 1D and 1E) and tRNA
methyltransferase Trm11 (Fig. 1F).
Keywords:
gene
expression,
crystallography
E-mail: ahirata@tokushima-u.ac.jp
Tel. +81-88-656-7261
Fax: +81-88-656-7261

Archaea,

X-ray

1. Development of Solid Acid Catalysis, Structural andnElectronic Characterization
㻌
㻌
㻌
㻌
㻌
㻌
㻌
ᶁᶁᶐᵿᶁᶉᴾ
ᶁᶐᵿᶁᶉ
㻌
㻌
㻌
㻌
㻌
2. Analysis of X-ray Emission from Pyroelectric Crystal,and Application of Pyroelectricity for Chemical Reactions

Content:
㻌 Zirconium oxide-based solid acids have been attracted muchattention because of their strong acidic property which
promotes n-butane isomerization even at ambient
temperatures, highly thermal stability, and ease of preparationand handling. We have been investigating generation
mechanism of the strong acidity and the active sites using
typical reactions and spectroscopic techniques. Catalyses of
new solid acid-base catalysts, and their chemical and physicalproperties was also examined.
X-ray absorption spectroscopy has been widely utilized as a
powerful tool to investigate the chemical states and electronic
structure of target elements in many research fields. We havecharacterized various kinds of catalyst and environmental
samples using SR- and/or laboratory-type XAFS. Features ofthe pre-edge peaks were investigated from a view point of theselection rule, coordination number, number of d-electron andsymmetry of the coordination sphere.
X-ray emission behavior from a pyroelectric single crystal,pyroelectricity-induced chemical reactions have been also
investigated.

Keywords䠖Solid Acid, XAFS, Pyroelectric Crystal
E-mail: takashi-yamamoto.ias@tokushima-u.ac.jp
Tel:㻌 +81-88-656-7263
Fax: +81-88-656-7263
HP : http://web.ias.tokushima-u.ac.jp/ac-lab/㻌 㻌 㻌 㻌 㻌 chem.person.htm

What can be read from the stratum
Past information

Sedimentary environment, climate, sea level, and crustal movement

crack
Sandstone deposited in lower
shoreface environment.

Alternation of sand and mud
コンタクト不良deposited on continental slope.

Current information

Disaster information

Sediment movement processes atdifficult-to-observe situations(deep sea processes, storm coast,
river mouth during floods, etc.)

Flood/tsunami occurrence
frequency, and thir reach range,debris flow occurrence risk

Content:
We are conducting research aimed at elucidating the origin,formative processes and depositional environment of sedimentaryrocks that make up the stratum. By elucidating the origin of
sedimentary rocks, 1) information on the past global environmentand crustal movements, 2) information on the current sediment
movement process on the seafloor, and 3) information leading to
the evaluation of natural disasters, can be extracted from the strata.
Among the various methods used in our laboratory to elucidate
the origin of sedimentary rocks, the most basic one is on-site
geological description and sampling. The sedimentary processes
and environments, which were existed behind the formation ofstrata can be understood from the particle size and sedimentary
structure of the stratum. Depending on the purpose, we will extract
highly accurate and high-resolution information by additionallyperforming particle size analysis, mineral analysis with a polarizing
microscope, chemical analysis, and heavy element stable isotope
analysis.
Specific research themes include 1) elucidation of the diversity of
turbidites in the Paleogene accretionary complex, 2) study of thesubstrata of the Tokushima Plain, 3) extraction of water informationfrom sediments, and 4)elucidation of the relationship between
isotope ratios of river mud and watershed geology.

Keywords：Sedimentology, geochemistryE-mail: yu-saitoh@tokushima-u.ac.jp
Tel. +81-88-656-7242
Fax: +81-88-656-7242
Grain-size change in a sand layerfrom a river mouth suggesting
fluctuation of flow velocity

Sandy sediments formed incoastal wetlands by the tsunami
caused by the 2011 earthquake

顔写真
（省略可）

Content:
Chemical compounds produced by a living organism
have various activities. These activities are useful for ourlife, like a medicine and a food additive.
In our research group, we have studied the biosynthesis
of Cypridina luciferin. The luminescence of the ostracod
Cypridina hilgendorfii (presently Vargula hilgendorfii) is
produced by a luciferin-luciferase reaction in thepresence of molecular oxygen. Cypridina luciferin is an
Fig 1. The ostracod
Fig 2. The light-emitting of
imidazopyrazinone compound and is catalyzed by
Cypridina hilgendorfii 㻌 㻌 㻌 㻌 㻌 㻌 Cypridina hilgendorfii 㻌 㻌 㻌 㻌
Cypridina luciferase to produce oxyluciferin, CO2, andblue light (Omax = 460 nm). It has been reported that two
Oimidazopyrazinone-type luciferins, Cypridina luciferin and
O
O2
N N
NH
N
coelenterazine, are biosynthesized from L-amino acids inH+ CO2 + hX
H
N NH2 luciferase
N NH2
Nliving animals. During our studies on the biosynthesis of
N
H
NH
NH
N
Cypridina luciferin, we found Cypridina luciferyl sulfate,N
H
H
which was more stable than Cypridina luciferin and might
Cypridina luciferin
Oxyluciferin
be a storage form of Cypridina luciferin.

Fig 3. Luminescence reaction of Cypridina luciferase with
Cypridina luciferin.
O

O

N

N

N
H

N
H
N

N
H

Cypridina luciferin

NH2
NH

OH

HO3S O

N

N

N
H

HO

N
N
H

coelenterazine

N
H
N

NH2
NH

Cypridina luciferin 3-enol sulfate(Cypridina luciferyl sulfate)Fig 4. The chemical structures of Cypridina luciferin,coelenterazine and Cypridina luciferyl sulfate.

Keywords䠖 functional materials, bioorganic chemistryE-mail: nakamura.mitsuhiro@tokushima-u.ac.jp
Tel. +81-88-656-7246
Fax: +81-88-656-7246

㻝㻌㼙㼙㻌

Fig.1 Crystal growthFig.3 High-Pressure
apparatus

Fig.2 X-ray diffraction patternFig.4 P-T phase diagram
for ladder cuprates [1][1] A. Hisada et al., J. Phys. Soc. Jpn. 83, 073703 (2014)

Content:
We study strongly-correlated electron system, focusing
on the substitution effects and the effects of highpressure. The application of an external pressure causes
lattice shrinkage and induces interesting phenomena,such as superconductivity, magnetism and so on. The
substitution also induces structural change, which iscalled as chemical pressure. The doping effects and theeffects of structural change can be discriminated bycomparing these pressures.
Recently, we performed electrical resistivity andalternating current susceptibility measurements for the
two-leg–ladder cuprates. The bulk superconductivity andtemperature quadratic behavior of the normal state
resistivity were observed above 3.7 GPa. They suggestthat a strong interladder interaction induces the bulk
superconductivity. Our results also suggested thefilamentary superconducting state on the crossoverphenomenon. [1]Keywords䠖
strongly-correlated electron system, superconductivity,
high pressure, NMR
E-mail: a-hisada@tokushima-u.ac.jp
Tel. +81-88-656-7231

ᶁ ᶐ ᵿ ᶁᶉᶁᶐᵿᶁᶉᴾ

Content:
Natural samples are mixture of various elements, andthe elemental composition is one the important
controlling factor of chemical character of natural
samples. Because heavy metals are often toxic elementseven at a low concentration, understanding of behaviorof heavy metals is important. To determine concentrationof heavy metals in natural samples, chemical analyses isconducted using ICP-MS.
There are very small particles with a size from ȝm to nm
order in natural water and air, which are called “colloid”
and ”aerosol”. Heavy metals can adsorb onto theseparticles. Focusing on trace elements and small particles,
natural sample (river water, groundwater, sea water, rain,snow, rime, air, and rock), various analyses have been
conducted. In addition, development of analytical method
for trace elements in natural sample is also researchtarget.
㻌
Keywords䠖heavy metals, colloid, aerosol, natural sample
E-mail: yamamoto.yuhei@tokushima-u.ac.jp
Tel. +81-88-656-7249
Fax: +81-88-656-7249
HP : http://web.ias.tokushima-u.ac.jp/ac-lab/chem