The University of Tokyo
Faculty of Medicine
Graduate School of Medicine

PROSPECTUS
2005—2006

Welcome toFaculty of Medicine, Graduate School of Medicine
The University of Tokyo
The University of Tokyo Graduate School of Medicine and Faculty of Medicine are dedicatedto research and education in medicine, the health sciences, and nursing and purport to train
future international leaders in their respective fields. The university has its origin in thesmallpox vaccination clinic, which was established at Kanda Otamagaike in May of the 5thyear of Ansei (1858) by contributions from 82 Dutch physicians who resided in Edo (the oldname for Tokyo) at that time. In the 10th year of the Meiji era (1877), the University ofTokyo Faculty of Medicine, an official university system, was organized from this entity andstarted on an illustrious course to become the most prestigious medical school in the country.
There are about 100 students in the medical school and about 50 in the health sciences andnursing for each academic year. The research department of the graduate school offers amaster’s degree in medical science, the health sciences and nursing, and international health.
It also offers doctoral degrees in medicine, the health sciences and nursing, and international
health. The school accepts 150 to 200 graduate students each academic year.
One does not need to prove the importance of medicine, which forms the nucleus of the life
sciences and which has achieved dramatic progress in the 21st century; as well as studies
such as social medicine, the health sciences, and nursing, in a modern society that is rapidly
maturing and aging. Our research department is composed of many outstanding researchsections that make active international contributions in diverse fields. Furthermore, newresearch buildings and hospitals are being constructed to respond to the needs of new
education and research environments better.
Incorporating cutting-edge molecular cell biology, molecular genetics, biophysics, structural
biology, biomedical engineering, and information science, research is being conducted in our
research department on themes such as the organization of our body, the etiology of various
diseases, elucidation of physiopathology, new diagnostic methodologies, and the developmentof therapeutic modalities. Pioneering research results are being introduced in Japan, as well
as overseas in the area of social medicine and other disciplines through interactions between
patients and society. The university is making significant contributions to society, while itis striving daily to train many pioneering scientists who will be responsible for formulating
future medical treatments.

Nobutaka Hirokawa
Dean, Faculty of Medicine,
Graduate School of Medicine
The University of Tokyo

HISTORY
1858

May

Practitioners, trained in Dutch (European) medicine in Edo (Tokyo), laid out money to establish the
Shutojo (vaccination center) in Kanda Mitamagaike.

Nov.

Shutojo was destroyed in a fire that had spread from Kanda Aioicho. Shutojo continued its operations at other sites such as the residence of Ito Genboku.

1859

Sep.

Shutojo was reconstructed at Shitaya Izumibashi Dohri.

1860

Oct.

Shutojo became an official medical institution of the Shogunate Government.

1861

Oct.

Shutojo was renamed as Seiyo Igaku-Sho (Institute of Western Medicine) and offered courses ofWestern Medicine in the fields of Education, Autopsy, and Vaccination.

1863

Feb.

Seiyo Igaku-Sho was renamed as Igaku-Sho (Institute of Medicine).

1868

Jul.

Igaku-Sho, affiliated with the Military Hospital which had been moved from Yokohama to Todo residence in Shitaya, was renamed as Daibyoin (the Great Hospital).

1869

Feb.

The Daibyoin was renamed as Igakko-Ken-Byoin (Medical School and Hospital).

Dec.

Igakko-Ken-Byoin was renamed as Daigaku–Toko (University East Building).

1871

Jul.

The Ministry of Education was established and Daigaku-Toko was renamed as Toko (East Building).

1872

Aug.

A School System was established. Toko was renamed as Daiichi-Daigaku-Ku- Igakko (The First
University District Medical School).

1874

May

Daiichi-Daigaku-Ku-Igakko was renamed as Tokyo-Igakko (Tokyo Medical School).

1876

Nov.

Tokyo-Igakko was moved to Hongo

1877

Apr.

Tokyo Igakko, affiliated with Tokyo-Kaisei School, was renamed as The University of Tokyo. Tokyo
Medical School was renamed as The University of Tokyo Faculty of Medicine.

1886

Mar.

The University of Tokyo was renamed as Imperial University, and The University of Tokyo Faculty of
Medicine was renamed as the Imperial University Medical College. A Graduate School was established.

1897

Jun.

The Imperial University was renamed as Tokyo Imperial University.

1917

Aug.

Eiraku Hospital, affiliated with the Ministry of Education Medical Practice License Examination,
moved to Tokyo Imperial University and was renamed as Koishikawa Hospital affiliated with Tokyo
Imperial University Medical College.

1919

Apr.

A faculty system was established renaming Tokyo Imperial University Medical College as theFaculty of Medicine.

1931
1936

Feb.

The first building of the Faculty of Medicine was constructed.

Jan.

The Brain Research Laboratory was built with funds donated by Mr. Hisasaburo Horikoshi.

Nov.

The second building of the Faculty of Medicine (main building) was constructed.

1947

Oct.

Tokyo Imperial University was renamed as The University of Tokyo.

1950

Apr.

The Institute of Nursing was renamed as The University Nursing School.

1953

Apr.

The School of Health Care and Nursing was foundedJul.

The Graduate School was founded, and the Division of Medical Doctor Biological Science wasestablished. The Brain Research Laboratory became the Brain Research Institute of the Faculty of
Medicine.

1956
1958

2

Apr.

The Midwives School was established.

Apr.

The Division of Pharmaceutical Sciences became an independent faculty.

May

The University of Tokyo Faculty of Medicine celebrated its centennial anniversary.

1961
1965

Mar.

The Medical Library was built in commemoration of the centenary.

Apr.

The Institute of Medical Electronics was established.

Apr.

The Research Institute of Logopedics and Pediatrics was established. The School of Health Careand Nursing was reorganized as the School of Health Sciences. The Graduate School of The
University of Tokyo was reorganized and the Division of Medical Doctor Biological Science
became the Faculty of Medicine. The Health science Course was established in the Medical
Science Division.

1966

Sep.

The third building of the Faculty of Medicine was constructed.

1971

Apr.

The Laboratory of Animal Experiments was established.

1973

Mar.

The Animal Center for Biomedical Research was constructed.

1983

Jan.

An annex of the third building of the Faculty of Medicine was constructed.

1985

Sep.

The office of International Academic Affairs was established.

1987

Apr.

Specialized courses were introduced to the Graduate School of Medicine.

1992

Apr.

The School of Health Sciences became the School of Health Science and Nursing. The School ofInternational Health was established in the Medical Science Division.

1995

Jul.

The Radiation Research Institute was established.

Apr.

As a result of the shift to the chair system of the Graduate School of Medicine, four divisions, Third
Basic Medicine, Social Medicine, Third and Fourth Clinical Medicine, were replaced with
Pathology, Immunology and Microbiology, Social Medicine, Reproduction and Development, andAging Science and Surgery.

1996

Apr.

As a result of the shift to the chair system of the Graduate School of Medicine, three divisions, First
Clinical Medicine, Health Science, and International Health, were replaced with Internal Medicine,
Health Science and Nursing, and International Health.

1997

Apr.

As a result of the shift to the chair system of the Graduate School of Medicine, three divisions, Firstand Second Basic Medicine, and Second Clinical Medicine, were replaced with Molecular Cell
Biology, Functional Biology, Radiology and Biomedical Engineering, and Neuroscience.
As a result of the above-mentioned reorganization, three institutes, the Institute of Brain Research,
the Institute of Medical Electronics, and the Institute of Logopedics and Phoniatrics were maderedundant.

1999

Apr.

The Master course of Medical Science was established in the Graduate School of Medicine. This
course accepts graduates of all faculties except those from Schools of Medicine, Dentistry, andVeterinary Medicine.

2000

Apr.

The International Research Center for Medical Education was established (A shared facility for education and research)

2001

Apr.

The University Branch Hospital was united with the University Hospital.

2003

Apr.

The Center for Disease Biology and Integrative Medicine was established.

3Graduate School of Medicine

Molecular
Cell Biology

Cell Biology and Anatomy･ Cell Biology ･ Structural Biology ･ Structural Cell Biology ･ Cellular Neurobiology
Biochemistry and Molecular Biology･ Molecular Biology ･ Cellular Signaling ･ Physiological Chemistry amd Metabolism

Functional
Biology

Physiology･ Integrative Physiology ･ Cellular and Molecular Physiology ･ Neurophysiology
Pharmacology･ Cellular and Molecular Pharmacology ･ Molecular Neurobiology

Pathology, Immunology
and Microbiology

Pathology･ Human Pathology and Diagnostic Pathology ･ Molecular Pathology ･ Surgical Pathology
Microbiology･ Microbiology ･ Infection Control and Prevention
Immunology･ Molecular Immunology ･ Clinical Immunology

Radiology and Biomedical
Engineering

Radiology･ Diagnostic Radiology ･ Radiotherapy ･ Nuclear Medicine ･ Radiation Oncology / Experimental Radiology
Biomedical Engineering･ System Physiology ･ Bioimaging and Biomagnetics ･ Biosystem Construction and Control･ Biomechanics ･ Medical Optics ･ Clinical Engineeing

Neuroscience

Basic Neuroscience･ Neuropathology ･ Neurochemistry ･ Neurobiology
Speech and Cognitive Neurosciences･ Speech Science ･ Cognitive Neuroscience ･ Speech Physiology ･ Sensory Motor Neuroscience
Clinical Neuroscience･ Neuropsychiatry ･ Neurology ･ Neurosurgery

Social Medicine

Occuaptional, Environmental and Preventive Medicine･ Molecular Preventive Medicine ･ Public Health ･ Radiological HealthForensic Medicine, and Medical Informatics and Economics･ Forensic Medicine ･ Medical Informatics and Economics

Internal Medicine

Medicine I･ Cardiovascular Medicine ･ Vascular Biology ･ Respiratory Medicine ･ Gastroenterology ･ Nephrology
Medicine II･ Endocrinology ･ Nutrition and Metabolism ･ Hematology and Oncology ･ Allergy and Rheumatology･ Infectious Diseases ･ Stress Science and Psychosomatic Medicine
Clinical Laboratory Medicine and Pathology･ Clinical Laboratory Medicine ･ Diagnostic Pathology ･ Transfusion Medicine

Reproductive,
Developmental andAging Sciences

Obstetrics and Gynecology･ Reproductive Endocrinology ･ Gynecological Oncology ･ Perinatal Medicine･ Molecular Reproductive Medicine
Pediatric Sciences･ Pediatrics ･ Developmental Pediatrics ･ Pediatric Surgery ･ Pediatric Oncology
Aging Sciences･ Geriatrics ･ Aging Research

Surgical Sciences

Surgery･ Thoracic Surgery ･ Cardiovascular Surgery ･ Gastrointestinal Surgery･ Hepato Biliary Pancreatic Surgery ･ Urology ･ Artificial Organ and Transplantation Division･ Surgical Oncology ･ Vascular Surgery ･ Metabolic Care and Endocrine Surgery
Sensory and Motor System Medicine･ Dermatology ･ Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery ･ Oral and maxillofacial Surgery･ Orthopaedic Surgery ･ Ophtalmology ･ Otorhinolaryngology, and Head & Neck Surgery･ Rehabilitation Medicine
Vital Care Medicine･ Anesthesiology ･ Emergency and Critical Care Medicine

Health Sciences
and Nursing

Health Sciences･ Health Sociology ･ Mental Health ･ Epidemiology and Preventive Health Sciences ･ Biostatistics･ Social Gerontology ･ Health Promotion Sciences ･ Biomedical Ethics
Nursing Sciences･ Advanced Clinical Nursing ･ Nursing Administration ･ Adult Nursing ･ Palliative Care Nursing･ Family Nursing ･ Community Health Nursing ･ Psychiatric Nursing･ Midwifery and Women's Health ･ Gerontological Nursing

International HealthInternational Social Medicine･ Health Policy and Planning ･ International Community HealthInternational Biomedical Sciences･ Human Genetics ･ Developmental Medical Sciences ･ Human Ecology ･ Biomedical ChemistryCenter for Disease
Biology andIntegrative Medicine･ Basic Medical Sciences(1)Molecular Biomedicine for Pathogenesis･ Basic Medical Sciences(2)Biophysics ･ Biomedical Materials and Systems･ Clinical Biotechnology ･ Environmental Health Sciences･ Animal Research ･ Radiation Biology ･ Bioinformatics

4

Endowed Department･ Pharmacoepidemiology ･ Integrated Traditional Medicine (Tsumura)･ Corneal Tissue Regeneration (Amniotec Inc.)･ Clinical Vascular Regeneration (Daiichi Pharmaceutical Co.)･ Bone & Cartilage Regenerative Medicine ･ Hematopoietic Regeneration･ "Menicon" Cartilage of Bone Regeneration ･ Clinical Renal Regeneration･ Developmental and Medical Technology (Sankyo) ･ Metabolome･ Systematic Clinical Oncology ･ Hospital Logistics by Sagawa Express Co., Ltd.
･ Clinical Molecular Epidemiology (Tanabe Seiyaku Co., Ltd.) ･ Immunotherapeutics (Medinet)･ Healthcare Related Informatics (NTT DATA CORPORATION) ･ Total Renal Care Medicine･ Integrated Molecular Science on Metabolic Diseases･ Advanced Clinical Science and Therapeutics ･ Sato Sports Plaza Co., Ltd Kaatsu Training･ Sleep Disorder Research (Alfresa) ･ Translational Research Based on the Clinical Database･ Joint Disease Research ･ Health Care Management and Policy･ Computational Diagnostic Radiology and Preventive Medicine

Research Unit

･ Clinical Bioinformatics ･ Center for Biomedical Ethics and Law･ Nano-Bioengineering Education Program

COE Program･ Field-Transverse Research on Bio-Signal Transduction Mechanisms･ Center for Integrated Brain Medical Science･ Sundy on Deseases Caused by Environment/Genome Interactions

Institution･ International Academic Affairs ･ Medical Library

Faculty of Medicine
School ofMedicine･ Cell Biology and Anatomy ･ Biochemistry and Molecular Biology ･ Physiology･ Pharmacology ･ Pathology ･ Microbiology ･ Immunology ･ Radiology･ Biomedical Engineering ･ Basic Neuroscience ･ Speech and Cognitive Sciences･ Clinical Neuroscience ･ Occupational, Environmental and Preventive Medicine･ Medical Principles and Medical Ethics ･ Forensic Medicine, and Medical Informatics and Economics･ Medicine I ･ Medicine II ･ Clinincal Laboratory Medicine and Pathology･ Obstetrics and Gynecology ･ Pediatric Science ･ Aging Science ･ Sugery･ Sensory and Motor System Medicine ･ Vital Care Medicine

School of
Health Sciences
and Nursing･ Family Nursing ･ Community Health Nursing ･ Fundamental Nursing･ Adult Health and Nursing ･ Mental Health and Nursing Health Sociology･ Health Administration ･ Epidemiology and Biostatistics ･ Human Ecology･ Biochemistry and Nutrition ･ Maternal and Child Health

University Hospital
Clinical Division
Intenal Medicine･ General Medicine ･ Cardiovascular Medicine ･ Respiratory Medicine･ Gastroenterology ･ Nephrology and Endocrinology ･ Metabolic Diseases･ Hematology and Oncology ･ Allergy and Rheumatology ･ Infectious Diseases･ Neurology ･ Geriatric Medicine ･ Psychosomatic Medicine
Surgery･ General Surgery ･ Stomach and Esophageal Surgery ･ Colon and Rectal Surgery･ Hepato Biliary Pancreatic Surgery ･ Vascular Surgery ･ Breast and Endocrine Surgery･ Artificial Organ and Transplantation Surgery ･ Cardiovascular Surgery ･ Thoracic Surgery･ Neurosurgery ･ Anesthesiology and Pain Relief Center ･ Urology and Andrology ･ Gynecologic Surgery
Sensory and Motor System Medicine･ Dermatology and Photolaser Medicine ･ Opthalmology and Vision Correction･ Orthopaedic Surgery and Spinal Surgery･ Otorhinolaryngology, and Auditory and Voice Surgery ･ Rehabilitation Medicine･ Plastic, Reconstructive, and Aesthetic Surgery･ Oral-Maxillofacial Surgery, Dentistry and Orthodontics
Pediatrics, Perinatal and Women's Medicine･ Pediatrics ･ Pediatric Surgery ･ Obstetrics and Gynecology
Neuropsychiatry･ NeuropsychiatryRadiology･ Radiology

Central Clinical Facilities･ Clinical Laboratory Center ･ Surgical Center ･ Radiological Center ･ Emergency Services･ Transfusion Medicine ･ Department of Maternal Fetal and Neonatal ･ Rehabilitation Service･ Medical Engineering Supply Center ･ Intensive Care Unit ･ Pathology ･ Section of Corneal Transplantation･ Department of Cell and Gene Therapy ･ Department of Endoscopy and Endoscopic Surgery･ Department of Hemodialysis and Apheresis ･ Hospital Computer Center･ Department of Medical Social Service and Welfare ･ Clinical Research Center･ Infection Control and Prevention ･ University Hospital Medical Information Network Center･ Organ Transplantation Service ･ Department of Nutrition ･ Labor Safety and Health Management Office･ Project Team For Hospital Development ･ Department of Clinical and Genetic Informatics･ The Clinical Training Center ･ Department of Palliative Medicine ･ Pablic Relations Office･ Department of Clinical Genomics ･ Cooperative Unit of Medicine and Engineering Reserch

Pharmaceutical Department
Nursing Department
Administration Office

Center･ Health Service Center ･ The International Research Center for Medical Education and Research

Administrative Division･ General Affairs Office ･ Personnel Office ･ Research Liaison ･ Educational Affairs･ Graduate Student Affairs ･ Buget Office ･ Purchasing Office ･ Finance Office･ Facilities Office ･ Reception Service Medical Library･ Administration Office Medical Library ･ Infomation Service Medical Library5Graduate School of Medicine
Dean

A
G
C
T

P12

Molecular Cell
Biology

Cell Biology and Anatomy*

Nobutaka Hirokawa, M.D., Ph.D.

Microbiology
Department of Microbiology*
Professor
Akio Nomoto, Ph.D.
Associate Professor Tetsuro Matano, M.D., Ph.D.

Department of Cell Biology
Professor
Nobutaka Hirokawa, M.D., Ph.D.
Associate Professor Yosuke Takei, M.D.
Sen Takeda, M.D., Ph.D.

Department of Infection Control and Prevention*
Professor
Kazuhiko Koike, M.D., Ph.D.

Department of Structual Biology
Associate Professor Takao Nakata, M.D., Ph.D.

Department of Immunology*
Professor
Tadatsugu Taniguchi, Ph.D.

Immunology

Department of Structual Cell Biology
Associate Professor Yoshimitsu Kanai, M.D., Ph.D.
Department of Cellular Neurobiology
Professor
Nobutaka Hirokawa, M.D., Ph.D.

Radiology andBiomedical
Engineering

P18

Biochemistry and Molecular Biology

Radiology*

Department of Molecular Biology*
Professor
Hiroto Okayama, M.D., Ph.D.
Associate Professor Shigeki Jinno, Ph.D.

Department of Diagnoatic Radiology
Professor
Kuni Ohtomo, M.D., Ph.D.
Associate Professor Shigeki Aoki, M.D., Ph.D.

Department of Cellular Signaling*
Professor
Takao Shimizu, M.D., Ph.D.
Associate Professor Takehiko Yokomizo, M.D., Ph.D.

Department of Radiotherapy
Associate Professor Keiichi Nakagawa, M.D., Ph.D.

Department of Physiological Chemistry and Metabolism*
Professor
Hiroki Kurihara, M.D., Ph.D.
Associate Professor Tomoichiro Asano, M.D., Ph.D.

Functional Biology

P14

Department of Nuclear Medicine
Associate Professor Toshimitsu Momose, M.D.

Biomedical Engineering
Department of System Physiology*
Professor
Joji Ando, M.D., Ph.D.
Department of Bioimaging and Biomagnetics*
Professor
Shoogo Ueno, Ph.D.
Department of Biosystem Construction & Control*
Associate Professor Yusuke Abe, M.D., Ph.D.

Physiology
Department of Integrative Physiology*
Professor
Yasushi Miyashita, Ph.D.
Department of Cellular and Molecular Physiology*
Professor
Kensaku Mori, Ph.D.
Department of Neurophysiology
Professor
Tomoyuki Takahashi, M.D., Ph.D.

Pharmacology
Department of Cellular and Molecular Pharmacology*
Professor
Masamitsu Iino, M.D., Ph.D.
Department of Molecular Neurobiology*
Professor
Masayoshi Mishina, Ph.D.

Neuroscience

P20

Basic Neuroscience
Department of Neuropathology*
Professor
Yasuo Ihara, M.D., Ph.D.
Department of Neurochemistry*
Associate Professor Haruhiko Bito, Ph.D.
Department of Neurobiology

Speech and Cognitive Sciences
Pathology,
Immunology andMicrobiology

P16

Pathology
Department of Human Pathology/ Diagnostic Pathology*
Professor
Masashi Fukayama, M.D., Ph.D.
Department of Molecular Pathology*
Professor
Kohei Miyazono, M.D., Ph.D.
Associate Professor Keiji Miyazawa, Ph.D.

Department of Speech Science
Department of Cognitive Science*
Professor
Katsuyuki Sakai, M.D., Ph.D.
Department of Speech Physiology*
Associate Professor Yoshihiro Takayama, M.D.

Clinical Neuroscience
Department of Neuropsychiatry*
Professor
Nobumasa Kato, M.D.
Associate Professor Nobuo Nakayasu, M.D.
Kouichi Tsunashima, M.D., Ph.D.
Department of Neurology*
Professor
Shoji Tsuji, M.D., Ph.D.
Associate Professor Shin Kwak, M.D.

6* Introduction to lab includedDepartment of Neurosurgery*
Associate Professor Akio Morita, M.D., Ph.D.
Associate Professor Nobutaka Kawahara

Reproductive,
Developmental andAging Sciences

P30

Obstrtrics and Gynecology
Social Medicine

P24

Occupational, Environmental andPreventive Medicine
Department of Molecular Preventive Medicine*
Professor
Kouji Matsushima, M.D., Ph.D.
Associate Professor Sho Ishikawa-Yamawaki, M.D., Ph.D.
Department of Public Health*Professor
Yasuki Kobayashi, M.D., Ph.D.
Associate Professor Kazuo Inoue, M.D., Ph.D.
Department of Radiological HealthForensic Medicine, and Medical Informatics andEconomics
Department of Forensic Medicine*
Professor
Ken-ichi Yoshida, M.D., Ph.D.
Department of Medical Informatics and Economics*
Professor
Kazuhiko Ohe, M.D., Ph.D.

Department of Reproductive Endocrinology*
Professor
Yuji Taketani, M.D., Ph.D.
Associate Professor Tomoyuki Fujii, M.D., Ph.D.
Department of Gynecological Pathology*
Associate Professor Tetsu Yano, M.D., Ph.D.
Department of Perinatal Medicine*
Associate Professor Shiro Kozuma, M.D., Ph.D.
Department of Molecular Cellular Reproductive Medicine*
Professor
Osamu Tsutsumi, M.D., Ph.D.

Pediatric Sciences
Department of Pediatrics*
Professor
Takashi Igarashi, M.D., Ph.D.
Associate Professor Masashi Mizuguchi, M.D., Ph.D.
Department of Developmental Pediatrics*
Professor
Takashi Igarashi, M.D., Ph.D.
Associate Professor Takashi Sekine, M.D., Ph.D.
Department of Pediatric Surgery*
Professor
Kohei Hashizume, M.D., Ph.D.
Department of Pediatric Oncology*
Professor
Kohei Hashizume, M.D., Ph.D.

Internal Medicine

P26

Medicine I
Department of Cardiovascular Medicine*
Professor
Ryozo Nagai, M.D., Ph.D.
Associate Professor

Aging Sciences
Department of Geriartics*
Professor
Yasuyoshi Ouchi, M.D., Ph.D. (Cardiology)
Associate Professor Masahiro Akishita, M.D., Ph.D.
Department of Aging Research

Yasunobu Hirata, M.D., Ph.D.

Department of Respiratory Medicine*
Professor
Takahide Nagase, M.D., Ph.D.
Associate Professor Hajime Takizawa, M.D.
Department of Gastroenterology*
Professor
Masao Omata, M.D., Ph.D.
Department of Nephrology*

Medicine II
Department of Endocrinology
Professor
Toshiro Fujita, M.D., Ph.D.
Associate Professor Tomoki Okazaki, M.D., Ph.D.
Department of Nutrition and Metabolism*
Professor
Takashi Kadowaki, M.D.
Department of Hematology and Oncology*
Professor
Mineo Kurokawa
Department of Allergy and Rheumatology*
Professor
Kazuhiko Yamamoto, M.D., Ph.D.

Surgical Sciences

P34

Surgery
Department of Thoracic Surgery*
Professor
Shinichi Takamoto, M.D., Ph.D.
Associate Professor Jun Nakajima
Department of Cardiovascular Surgery*
Professor
Shinichi Takamoto, M.D., Ph.D.
Associate Professor Arata Murakami, M.D., Ph.D.
Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery*
Professor
Michio Kaminishi, M.D., Ph.D.
Department of Hepato Biliary Pancreatic Surgery*
Professor
Masatoshi Makuuchi, M.D., Ph.D.
Associate Professor Norihiro Kokudo, M.D.

Department of Infectious Diseases*
Professor
Kazuhiko Koike, M.D., Ph.D.

Department of Urology*
Professor
Tadaichi Kitamura, M.D., Ph.D.
Associate Professor Satoru Takahashi, M.D., Ph.D.
Takumi Takeuchi, M.D., Ph.D.

Department of Stress Science and Phychosomatic Medicine*
Professor
Akira Akabayashi, M.D.
Associate Professor Hiroaki Kumano, M.D.

Department of Artificial Organ and Transplantation Division*
Professor
Masatoshi Makuuchi, M.D., Ph.D.
Associate Professor Yasuhiko Sugawara, M.D.

Clinical Laboratory Medicine and Pathology

Department of Surgical Oncology*
Professor
Hirokazu Nagawa, M.D., Ph.D.
Associate Professor Toshiaki Watanabe, M.D., Ph.D.

Department of Clinical Laboratory Medicine*
Professor
Yutaka Yatomi, M.D.
Associate Professor Hitoshi Ikeda

Department of Vascular Surgery*
Professor
Hirokazu Nagawa, M.D., Ph.D.
Associate Professor Tetsuro Miyata, M.D., Ph.D.

Department of Transfusion Medicine*
Associate Professor Koki Takahashi, M.D., Ph.D. (Transfusion Medicine) Department of Surgical Metabolic care and Endocrine Surgery*
Professor
Michio Kaminishi, M.D., Ph.D.

7

Sensory and Motor System Medicine

Department of Adult Nursing*
Professor
Keiko Kazuma, R.N., P.H.N., Ph.D.

Department of Dermatology*
Professor
Kunihiko Tamaki, M.D., Ph.D.
Associate Professor Kanako Kikuchi, M.D., Ph.D.

Department of Palliative Care Nursing*
Professor
Keiko Kazuma, R.N., P.H.N., Ph.D.

Department of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery*
Professor
Isao Koshima, M.D., Ph.D.
Associate Professor Hirotaka Asato, M.D.
Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery*
Professor
Tsuyoshi Takato, M.D., Ph.D.
Associate Professor Takafumi Susami, D.D.S.
Yoshiyuki Yonehara, M.D., Ph.D.
Department of Orthopaedic Surgery*
Professor
Kozo Nakamura, M.D., Ph.D.
Associate Professor Yoshio Takatori, M.D.
Hiroshi Kawaguchi, M.D.

Department of Family Nursing*
Associate Professor Keiko Kamibeppu, R.N., P.H.N., Ph.D.
Department of Community Health Nursing*
Professor
Sachiyo Murashima, R.N., P.H.N., Ph.D.
Department of Psychiatric Nursing*
Department of Midwifery and Women's Health*Professor
Sachiyo Murashima, R.N., P.H.N., Ph.D.
Department of Gerontological Nursing*
Professor
Hiromi Sanada, M.D., Ph.D.

Department of Ophtthalmology*
Professor
Makoto Araie, M.D., Ph.D.
Associate Professor Goji Tomita, M.D.
Yoshihiro Tamaki, M.D., Ph.D.
Department of Otorhinolaryngology and Head & Neck Surgery*
Professor
Kimitaka Kaga, M.D., Ph.D. (Otology, Neurotology,
Audiology, Medical education)
Associate Professor Tatsuya Yamasoba, M.D. (Otology, Neurotology
and Audiology)
Department of Rehabilitation Medicine*
Professor
Fumio Eto, M.D., Ph.D.

Vital Care Medicine
Department of Anesthesiology*
Associate Professor Hideko Arita, M.D.
Tomoki Nishiyama, M.D.
Department of Emergency and Critical Care Medicine*
Professor
Naoki Yahagi, M.D., Ph.D.

Health Sciences
and Nursing

P40

International
HealthP48

International Social Medicine
Department of Health Policy and Planning*
Associate Professor Chushi Kuroiwa, M.D., Ph.D.
Department of International Community Health*Professor
Susumu Wakai, M.D., Ph.D.

International Biomedical Sciences
Department of Human Genetics*
Professor
Katsushi Tokunaga, Ph.D.
Associate Professor Naoyuki Tsuchiya, M.D., Ph.D.
Department of Developmental Medical Sciences*
Professor
Hiroshi Ushijima, M.D., Ph.D.
Associate Professor Hideoki Fukuoka, M.D., Ph.D.
Department of Human Ecology*
Professor
Chiho Watanabe, Ph.D.
Associate Professor Masahiro Umezaki
Department of Biomedical Chemistry*
Professor
Kiyoshi Kita, Ph.D.

Health Sciences
Department of Health Sociology*
Associate Professor Yoshihiko Yamazaki, Ph.D.
Department of Mental Health*
Associate Professor Iwao Oshima, Ph.D.

Center for Disease Biology
and Integrative Medicine,
Faculty of Medicine
Director

P52

Takao Shimizu, M.D., Ph.D.

Department of Epidemiology and Preventive Health Sciences*
Professor
Yasuo Ohashi, Ph.D.

Division of Basic Medical Sciences(1)Molecular Biomedicine for Pathogenesis*

Department of Biostatistics*
Associate Professor Yutaka Matsuyama, Ph.D.

(2)Biophysics*

Department of Social Gerontology*
Professor
Ichiro Kai, M.D., M.P.H.

Division of Biomedical Materials and Systems*

Department of Health Promotion Sciences*
Professor
Akira Akabayashi, M.D., Ph.D.
Department of Biomedical Ethics*
Professor
Akira Akabayashi, M.D., Ph.D.

Professor
Professor
Professor
Associate Professor

P44

Nursing Sciences
Department of Advanced Clinical Nursing*
Professor
Katsuya Kanda, R.N,. P.H.N., Ph.D.
Department of Nursing Administration*
Professor
Katsuya Kanda, R.N., P.H.N., Ph.D.

8* Introduction to lab included

Haruo Kasai
Takashi Ushida, Ph.D.
Yasuyuki Sakai, Ph.D.

Division of Clinical Biotechnology*
Professor
Associate Professor

Kazunori Kataoka, Ph.D.
Chung Ung-il, M.D., Ph.D.

Division of Environmental Health Sciences*
Professor
Associate Professor

Nursing Sciences

Toru Miyazaki

Chiharu Tohyama, M.S., Ph.D.
Seiichiroh Ohsako

Division of Research Resources and Support
Section of Animal Research*
Professor

Akio Nomoto, Ph.D.

Section of Radiation Biology*
Professor
Associate Professor

Kiyoshi Miyagawa, Ph.D.
Yoshio Hosoi, M.D., Ph.D.

Section of Bioinforma*

Endowment
Department

COE(Center of Excellence)

Program
Department of Pharmacoepidemiology
Associate Professor

Kiyoshi Kubota, M.D., Ph.D.

Field-Transverse Research on Bio-Signal Transduction Mechanisms
Center for Integrated Brain Medical Science

Department of Integrated Traditional Medicine (Tsumura)

Associate Professor

Associate Professor

Sutudy on Diseases Caused by Environment/Genome Interactions

Tetsuro Okabe, M.D., Ph.D.

Department of Corneal Tissue Regeneration (Amniotec Inc.)
Associate Professor

Satoru Yamagami. M.D.,Ph.D.

Department of Clinical Vascular Regeneration (Daiichi
Pharmaceutical Co.)
Associate Professor

Associate Professor
Associate Professor

Hiroshi Kawasaki
Makoto Miyagishi
Kojiro Ueki

Institution

Hiroyuki Koyama, M.D., Ph.D.

Department of Bone & Cartilage Regenerative Medicine
Associate Professor

Chung, Ung-il, M.D.,Ph.D.

Department of Hematopoietic Regeneration
Associate Professor

Seishi Ogawa, M.D., Ph.D.

Office of International Academic Affairs
HeadDepartment of "Menicon" Cartilage of Bone Regeneration

Medical Library

Associate Professor

Head

Kazuto Hoshi, M.D., Ph.D.

Kazuhiko Yamamoto, M.D., Ph.D.
Yasuyoshi Ouchi, M.D.

Department of Clinical Renal Regeneration
Associate Professor

Keiichi Hishikawa, M.D., Ph.D.

Department of Developmental and Medical Technology (Sankyo)
Professor

Faculty of Medicine

Hiroshi Suzuki, Ph.D.

Dean

Nobutaka Hirokawa, M.D., Ph.D.

Department of Metabolome
Professor
Associate Professor

Ryo Taguchi, Ph.D.
Yoshiya Oda

Department of Systematic Clinical Oncology
Associate Professor

Shin Sasaki, M.D., Ph.D.

P56

University. Hospital

Hospjtal Logistics by Sagawa Express Co., Ltd.
Professor

Hirohito Kuse

Director

Ryozo Nagai, M.D.

Clinical Molecular Epidemiology (Tanabe Seiyaku Co., Ltd.)
Associate Professor

Takanari Gotoda, M.D., Ph.D.

Immunotherapeutics (Medinet)
Associate Professor

Kazuhiro Kakimi, M.D., Ph.D.

Clinical Division (Department of Intenal Medicine)
General Medicine
Professor

Yasuyoshi Ouchi, M.D.

Healthcare Related Informatics (NTT DATA CORPORATION)

Cardiovascular Medicine

Associate Professor

Division of Total Renal Care Medicine

Professor
Associate Professor

Associate Professor

Respiratory Medicine

Shinya Oku
Shinya Kaname, M.D., Ph.D.

Integrated Molecular Science on Metabolic Diseases
Associate Professor

Toshimasa Yamauchi, M.D., Ph.D.

Department of Advanced Clinical Science and Therapeutics
Associate Professor

Koji Kawakami, M.D., Ph.D.
Masataka Sata, M.D., Ph.D.

Sato Sports Plaza Co., Ltd Kaatsu Training
Associate Professor

Toshiaki Nakajima, M.D., Ph.D.

Professor
Associate Professor

Ryozo Nagai, M.D.
Yasunobu Hirata, M.D., Ph.D.
Takahide Nagase, M.D., Ph.D.
Hajime Takizawa, M.D.

Gastroenterology
Professor

Masao Omata, M.D., Ph.D.

Nephrology and Endocrinology
Professor
Associate Professor

Toshiro Fujita, M.D., Ph.D.
Tomoki Okazaki, M.D., Ph.D.

Metabolic Diseases

Department of Sleep Disorder Research (Alfresa)

Professor

Associate Professor

Hematology and Oncology
Allergy and Rheumatology

Takashi Ebisawa, M.D., Ph.D.

Translational Research Based on the Clinical Database
Associate Professor

Dobun Hayashi.M.D., Ph.D.

Department of Joint Disease Research
Associate Professor

Noriko Yoshimura, M.D., Ph.D.

Professor
Professor

Neurology

Professor

Computational Diagnostic Radiology and Preventive Medicine

Professor
Associate Professor

Associate Professor

Geriatric Medicine

Naoto Hayashi, M.D., Ph.D.

Research Unit

Professor
Associate Professor

Kazuhiko Koike, M.D., Ph.D.
Shoji Tsuji, M.D.
Shin Kwak, M.D.
Yasuyoshi Ouchi, M.D.
Masahiro Akishita, M.D., Ph.D.

Psychomatic Medicine
Professor
Associate Professor

Department of Clinical Bioinformatics
Professor
Professor
Professor
Professor
Associate Professor
Associate Professor
Associate Professor

Kazuhiko Yamamoto, M.D., Ph.D.

Infectious Diseases

Health Care Management and Policy
Hideki Hashimoto

Takashi Kadowaki, M.D.

Tsutomu Yamazaki, M.D., Ph.D.
Hiroshi Oyama, M.D., Ph.D.
Akihide Hashizume, Ph.D.
Yasushi Kodama, M.D.
Yuzo Onogi, M.D., Ph.D.
Daisuke Koide, Ph.D.
Hitoshi Matsuo, M.S.

Center for Biomedical Ethics and Law
Nano-Bioengineering Education Program

Akira Akabayashi, M.D.
Hiroaki Kumano, M.D.

Clinical Division (Department of Surgery)
General Surgery
Professor

Masatoshi Makuuchi, M.D.

Stomach and Esophagus Surgery
Professor

Michio Kaminishi, M.D.

Colon and Rectal Surgery
Professor
Associate Professor

Hirokazu Nagawa, M.D., Ph.D.
Toshiaki Watanabe, M.D., Ph.D.

Hepatobiliary Pancreatic Surgery
Professor
Associate Professor

Masatoshi Makuuchi, M.D.
Norihiro Kokudo, M.D.

Vascular Surgery
Professor
Associate Professor

Hirokazu Nagawa, M.D., Ph.D.
Tetsuro Miyata, M.D., Ph.D.

9

Breast and Endocrine Surgery
Professor

Associate Professor

Michio Kaminishi, M.D.

Artificial Organ and Transplantation Surgery
Professor
Associate Professor

Masatoshi Makuuchi, M.D.
Yasuhiko Sugawara, M.D.

Keiichi Nakagawa, M.D., Ph.D.
Shigeki Aoki, M.D., Ph.D.
Toshimitsu Momose, M.D.

Central Clinical Facilities

Cardiovascular Surgery

Clinical Laboratory Center*

Professor
Associate Professor

Director

Shinichi Takamoto, M.D.
Arata Murakami, M.D., Ph.D.

Thoracic Surgery
Professor
Associate Professor

Department of Surgical Center*
Shinichi Takamoto, M.D.
Jun Nakajima

Neurosurgery
Professor
Associate Professor

Hideko Arita, M.D.
Tomoki Nishiyama, M.D.

Urology and Andrology
Professor
Associate Professor

Tadaichi Kitamura, M.D.
Takumi Takeuchi, M.D., Ph.D.
Satoru Takahashi, M.D.

Gynecologic Surgery
Professor
Associate Professor

Associate Professorr

Hiroshi Shigematsu, M.D., Ph.D.
Yoshikazu Mimura, M.D., Ph.D.

Department of Radiological Center
Takaaki Kirino, M.D., Ph.D.
Akio Morita, M.D., Ph.D.
Nobutaka Kawahara, M.D., Ph.D.

Anesthesiology and Pain Relief Center
Associate Professor

Yutaka Yatomi, M.D. (Professor of Medicine, Departmentof Clinical Laboratory Medicine)

Osamu Tsutsumi
Tetsu Yano

Professor and Director

Kuni Ohtomo (Diagnostic Radiology)

Department of Emergency Services
Professor

Naoki Yahagi

Department of Transfusion Medicine and Immunohematology
Professor

Koki Takahashi, M.D. (Transfusion Medicine)

Department of Maternal Fetal and Neonatal
Professor
Yuji Taketani, M.D., Ph.D.
Department of Rehabilitation Service
Professor

Fumio Eto, M.D.

Department of Medical Engineering (tentative name)Supply Center (tentative name)
Associate Professor

Hiroshi Shigematsu, M.D., Ph.D.

Department of Intensive Care Unit

Clinical Division (Department of Sensory and Motor
System Medicine)

Professor

Naoki Yahagi

Department of Intensive Pathology

Dermatology and Photolaser Medicine

Professor

Professor
Associate Professor

Department of Corneal Transplantation

Kunihiko Tamaki, M.D., Ph.D.
Kanako Kikuchi, M.D., Ph.D.

Masashi Fukayama, M.D., Ph.D.

Associate Professor

Shiro Amano, M.D.

Opthalmology and Vision Collection

University Hospital Medical Information Network Center*

Professor
Associate Professor

Professor

Makoto Araie, M.D.
Goji Tomita, M.D.
Yasuhiro Tamaki, M.D., Ph.D.

Orthopaedic Surgery and Spinal Surgery
Professor
Associate Professor

Kozo Nakamura, M.D.
Yoshio Takatori, M.D.
Hiroshi Kawaguchi, M.D.

Otorhinolaryngology, and Auditory and Voice Surgery
Professor
Associate Professor

Kimitaka Kaga, M.D.

Professor

Fumio Eto, M.D.

Tatsuya Yamasoba, M.D.
Rehabilitation Medicine
Plastic, Reconstructive and Aesthetic Surgery
Professor
Associate Professor

Isao Koshima, M.D., Ph.D.
Hirotaka Asato, M.D.

Takahiro Kiuchi, M.D., Ph.D.

Department of Cell Therapy and Transplantation Medicine
Associate Professor

Shigeru Chiba, M.D., Ph.D.

Department of Infection Control and Prevention
Professor

Kazuhiko Koike, M.D. Ph.D.

Department of Endoscopy and Endoscopic Surgery
Associate Professor

Takao Kawabe, M.D., Ph.D.

Center for Hemodialysis and Apheresis
Professor

Toshiro Fujita, M.D.

Clinical Research Center (tentative name)Professor
Associate Professor

Masao Omata, M.D., Ph.D.
Yoshihiro Arakawa, Ph.D.

Department of Medical Social Service and Welfare
Professor

Yasuyoshi Ouchi, M.D.

Oral-Maxillofacial Surgery Dentistry and Orhtodontics

Department of Planning, Information and Management

Professor
Associate Professor

Department of Organ Transplantation Service

Tsuyoshi Takato, M.D.
Takafumi Susami, D.D.S.
Yoshiyuki Yonehara, M.D., Ph.D.

Professor

Kazuhiko Ohe, M.D., Ph.D.

Professor

Masatoshi Makuuchi, M.D.

Clinical Division (Department of Pediatric, Perinatal
and Women's Medicine)

Pharmacy

Pediatrics

Professor
Associate Professor

Professor
Associate Professor

Takashi Igarashi M.D., Ph.D.
Masashi Mizuguchi, M.D., Ph.D.
Takashi Sekine, M.D., Ph.D.

Pediatric Surgery
Professor

Kohei Hashizume, M.D., Ph.D.

Pharmaceutical Department*
Hiroshi Suzuki, Ph.D.
Akinari Ito, Ph.D.

Nursing Department
Administration Office

Obstetrics and Gynecology
Professor
Associate Professor

Yuji Taketani
Shiro Kozuma

P59

CenterClinical Division (Department of Neuropsychiatry)
Neuropsychiatry
Professor
Associate Professor

Nobumasa Kato, M.D.
Nobuo Nakayasu, M.D.
Kouichi Tsunashima, M.D., Ph.D.

Cinical Division (Department of Radiology)
Radiology
Professor

10

Kuni Ohtomo, M.D., Ph.D.

* Introduction to lab included

Health Service Center*
Director
Associate Professor

Hoshio Uehara, M.D., Ph.D.
Tsukasa Sasaki, M.D., Ph.D.
Yasushi Ookubo

The International Research Center for Medical Education and Research*
Director
Kimitaka Kaga, M.D., Ph.D.
Professor
Associate Professor

Kiyoshi Kitamura, M.D., Ph.D.
Junji Ohtaki, M.D., Ph.D.

Faculty of Medicine
Graduate School of Medicine
The University of Tokyo

Graduate School of Medicine

Molecular Cell Biology...............................................12
Functional Biology .....................................................14
Pathology, Immunology and Microbiology ....................16
Radiology and Biomedical Engineering ........................18
Neuroscience ...........................................................20
Social Medicine ........................................................24
Internal Medicine .....................................................26
Reproductive, Developmental and Aging Sciences ........30
Surgical Sciences .....................................................34
Health Sciences and Nursing .....................................40
Nursing Sciences.......................................................44
International Health ..................................................48
Center for Disease Biology and Integrative Medicine,
Faculty of Medicine....................................................52
University Hospital

Central Clinical Facilities ............................................56
Pharmacy .................................................................58
Center

Health Service Centerr ...............................................59
The International Research Center for Medical Education
and Research .............................................................59

11

1

A
G
C
T

Molecular Cell Biology

Cell Biology and Anatomy ——————————————————————————————————————
http://cb.m.u-tokyo.ac.jp/

Cells transport various kinds of proteins, lipids and mRNAs after synthesis to their specific destinations such as several types of membranous organelles, protein complexes and the mRNA complex.
Thus, intracellular transport is fundamental to cellular functions, survival and morphogenesis. Our laboratory is studying the mechanisms of intracellular transport and cellular morphogenesis, especially
focusing on molecular motors, Kinesin superfamily proteins (KIFs) and microtubule associated proteins(MAPs) using molecular cell biology, biophysics, structural biology, andmolecular genetics.

• Molecular cell biological study of KIFs
• Studies of the mechanism for recognition of and binding to cargoes by KIFs and theregulation of this mechanism• Studies of the mechanisms of differential directional transports and sorting• Studies of the dynamics and mechanism of motility of KIFs using molecular biophysics and structural biology• Molecular genetics of KIFs
• Studies of KIFs and related diseases• Molecular cell biology and molecular genetics of MAPs

Quick freeze-deep etch electron micrographof a mouse nerve axon showing a microtubule (25 nm diameter, linear tube-likestructure) and a cross-bridge linking the
microtubule and a membranous organelle.
Microtubules are a major component of thecytoskeleton and serve as a type of railalong which motor proteins transportorganelles inside cells. (Reproduced fromthe cover of Science vol. 279, Jan 23 1998.)

12

Molecular Biology ————————————————————————————————————————————
http://www.cellcycle.m.u-tokyo.ac.jp
http://www.molbiol.m.u-tokyo.ac.jp

With the goal of understanding the molecular mechanisms controlling growth and differentiation, we
have been studying the cell cycle with cultured mammalian cells and fission yeast as model systems.

• Understanding the molecular mechanism enabling the anchorage-independent S phase onset that is the key for malignant
transformation• Understanding the G1 and G2 cell cycle checkpoint controls• Understanding the molecular switch between growth and differentiation

Eukartotic cell cycling

Cellular Signaling —————————————————————————————————————————————
http://biochem2.umin.jp

Our laboratory specializes in biochemistry, molecular and cellular biology, and genetic engineering
to elucidate the roles of lipid mediators in vivo . In collaboration with the Department ofMetabolome, we analyze stimulus induced dynamic changes in the lipid composition of the cellular
membrane.

• Discovery and structural determination of novel lipid mediators• Cloning, functional characterization and K/O studies of receptors for lipid

mediators• Cloning, functional characterization and K/O studies of enzymes involvedin the metabolism of lipid mediators• Functional regulation of GPCR
• Roles of lipid mediators in the central nervous and immunological systems

Melanocytic tumor in platelet-activating factor receptor
transgenic mice

Physiological Chemistry and Metabolism ———————————————————————————
http://bio.m.u-tokyo.ac.jp/

Developmental and regenerative medicine group is investigating the molecular mechanisms ofembryogenesis and is establishing a unique basis for regenerative medicine; metabolic regulationgroup is studying the signaling mechanisms regulating metabolism and cell growth to develop new
therapy for metabolic syndrome.

• Developmental biology and regenerative medicine• Neural crest development and formation of the branchial arch and cardiovascular system• Reprogramming in early embryogenesis• Organogenesis and regeneration of vessels, inner ear and lung
• Establishment and analysis of disease model mice
• Establishment of therapeutic cloning models in mice

• Metabolism regulation and pathophysiology• Analysis of protein complexes in intracellular signaling and transcription• Proteomics and localization analysis of proteins constituting intracellularorganelles• Analysis of a novel Akt-binding protein, APE• Molecular mechanisms of insulin-resistance in metabolic syndrome

Transfer of somatic nuclei into enucleated mouse oocytes
using a Piezo-driven micromanipulator

13

2

Functional Biology

Integrative Physiology —————————————————————————————————————————
http://www.physiol.m.u-tokyo.ac.jp/indexe/indexe.html

Our laboratory specializes in the neuroscience research on cognitive functions in the primate. We
investigate interactions among many neurons in the cerebral cortex, which create human cognitive
abilities such as memory and its cognitive control. These studies
have been done through integrative efforts using electrophysiological, molecular biological and neuroimaging approaches.

• Functions of memory neurons in the temporal cortex• Roles of the top-down signal from the prefrontal cortex• Functional differentiations of the prefrontal cortex in memory• Molecular biological basis of declarative memory in the primate• Development of high-field MRI for humans and monkeys

Brain activation in cognitive tasks (left) and gene
expression (BDNF) in cortical neurons

Cellular and Molecular Physiology ————————————————————————————————
http://morilab.m.u-tokyo.ac.jp/eindex.html

We aim at a better understanding of neuronal mechanisms involved in sensory perception of theexternal world and for the emotional state induced in the brain by sensory inputs. We are currently
analyzing the central nervous system for olfaction, a sensory modality that has a strong influenceon human emotion. Another major focus is to understand cellular and molecular mechanisms forcontact-mediated interactions between neurons and immune cells that occur in pathological andphysiological conditions.

• Functional analysis of the neuronal circuit in the central olfactory nervous system (Analysis of odor maps in the brain)• Neurogenesis and neuron-elimination in the adult brain• Molecular and cellular mechanisms for the axonal recognition of spe-cific target neurons and for the formation of specific neuronal circuits• Cellular and molecular mechanisms for the contact-mediated interac-tions between neurons and immune cells in physiological and pathological conditions

Neuronal circuits and 'odor maps' in the olfactory nervous system

14

Neurophysiology —————————————————————————————————————————————
http://nphystky.umin.ac.jp

Our laboratory was originally part of the Brain Research Institute, but was integrated into the
University of Tokyo Graduate School of Medicine in 1996. We teach neurophysiology to medical
undergraduates, and Master and PhD course students. In research, using patch clamp techniques incombination with molecular techniques, we aim at elucidating molecular mechanisms underlying
transmitter release and its regulation, with particular respect
to postnatal developmental changes.

• Identification and developmental changes of presynaptic voltage-gatedion channel mechanisms involved in the modulation and regulation oftransmitter release• Identification of the molecular target of presynaptic facilitation• Molecular mechanism underlying transmitter release probability• Molecular mechanism underlying presynaptic plasticity• Molecular mechanism regulating transmitter content in synaptic vesicles• Molecular2+mechanism underlying developmental changes in the presynaptic Ca microdomain• Elucidation of the auditory-activity-dependent regulation of synaptic function at the calyx of Held synapse

Simultaneous pre- and postsynaptic whole cell recordings
at the calyx of Held synapse. Inset records on the left showa presynaptic action potential and excitatory postsynaptic
currents (EPSC). The inset on the right illustrates the procedure of the patch-clamp whole-cell recording method

Cellular and Molecular Pharmacology ——————————————————————————————
http://calcium.cmp.m.u-tokyo.ac.jp/

Spatiotemporal distribution of signalling molecules is extremely
important in defining cell signals. We are developing indicatorsof important signalling molecules and visualize their spatiotemporal distribution within intact cells. Using such novel imaging
methods we aim at elucidation of the physiological roles of calcium signalling and related signalling mechanisms in various typesof cells including neurons of the central nervous system.

• Development of genetically coded indicators of important cell signals• Molecular approaches to the study of IP receptor-mediated Ca signalling• Elucidation of the relationship between Ca signalling and cell functions• Visualization and analysis of molecular events at synapses
2+

3

2+

Imaging of synaptically induced nitric oxide dynamics
in cerebellar Purkinje cell

Molecular Neurobiology————————————————————————————————————————
http://www.pharmacol2.m.u-tokyo.ac.jp/

We have been investigating the molecular basis of higher brain functions by focusing on the glutamate receptor and memory. Previous studies have led to the hypothesis that there is a common
principle between memory signaling and synapse formation. The combination of conditional genetargeting in mice and molecular genetics in zebra fish will facilitate our understanding of the mechanism of higher brain function at the molecular, cellular and neural network levels.

• Regulation of brain functions by glutamate receptors in specific brain
regions• Identification of neural networks for learning and memory• Regulation of learning and memory• Roles of glutamate receptors in decision-making• Signaling from glutamate receptors to memory• Molecular mechanisms of synapse formation and remodeling• Molecular mechanism of synapse formation during development• Molecular mechanism of synapse remodeling in the adult brain
Glutamate receptor δ2 selectively expressed in cerebellar
Purkinje cells

15

3

Pathology, Immunology andMicrobiology

Human Pathology and Diagnostic Pathology ————————————————————————
http://pathol.umin.ac.jp/index_e.htm

We investigate the pathogenesis and pathobiology of disease, especially the neoplasmic diseases,
using morphological techniques. Our goal is to discover new entities and to clarify unknown pathogenesis of diseases through the interaction with clinical medicine.

• Chronic inflammation and neoplasm• Epstein-Barr virus associated gastric carcinoma• Pyothorax associated lymphoma• Molecular epidemiology of human herpes virus• Lung adenocarcinoma and scar formation• Lung fibrosis and adenocarcinoma
Applicationof molecular pathology to diagnostic pathology•
Classificationof lung cancer using DNA chip•
• Grading of malignancy• Acceleration of pathological diagnosis

Investigation of the development of EB virus-associated gastriccarcinoma

Molecular Pathology ——————————————————————————————————————————
http://beta-lab.umin.ac.jp/index.htm

Our research is focused on the molecular mechanisms of carcinogenesis. We study the signaling
β superfamily, including TGF-β
β and bone morphogenetic proteins (BMPs),
mechanisms of the TGF-β
and elucidate how they regulate progression of cancers. We also investigate the mechanisms of differentiation of murine embryonic stem cells (ESCs) into various cells, including vascular endothelial
cells. Based on these findings, we will develop new strategies for the treatment of vascular diseases
and cancer.

• Negative regulation of TGF-β signaling by inhibitory Smads andoncogene c-Ski• Molecular mechanisms of growth regulation by TGF-β• Differentiation of mesenchymal cells by BMPs
• Differentiation of mouse ESCs into vascular cells• Roles of TGF-β in epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition• Roles of TGF-β superfamily cytokines in vascular diseases
Signaling by TGF-β receptors and Smad proteins16Microbiology ————————————————————————————————————————————————
http://microbiology.m.u-tokyo.ac.jp/

Our major objective is elucidation of the molecular mechanisms for replication and pathogenesis of
RNA viruses, such as poliovirus, hepatitis C virus, and human immunodeficiency virus. Based on the outcome, we will develop new strategies against those viral diseases.

• Roles of the human poliovirus receptor in poliovirus infection• Molecular mechanisms for the dissemination pathways of poliovirus• Molecular mechanisms for the replication of poliovirus in neurons• Molecular mechanisms for the development of hepatocellular carcinoma following
hepatitis C virus infection• Replication mechanisms of the hepatitis C virus RNA replicon• IRES (internal ribosome entry site) activity-dependent virus tropism• Development of AIDS vaccine• Virus-specific immune response

Three-dimensional structure of poliovirus(Courtesy of James M.Hogle)

Infection Control and Prevention —————————————————————————————————We are engaged in education of medical staff as wellas in daily clinical activities on the preventionof healthcare-associated infection (HAI).Research activities on the pathogenesis of infection with
hepatitis viruses and HIV, in particular, on the mechanism of hepatocarcinogenesis in HCV infection
are also our mission.
Infection control teamrounds• Development of preemptive strategies for the control of healthcare-associated infection• Development of new methods in infection control and treatment ofviral hepatitis• Molecular pathogenesis of hepatocellular carcinoma in HCV infection• Pathogenesis of progression of HIV infection• Molecular pathogenesis of the mitochondrial disturbances in viral
infections• Molecular pathogenesis of hepatitis B viral infection• Host defences to microorganisms• Molecular analysis of innate immunity in microorganism infection• New detection method and pathogenesis of opportunistic cytomegaloviral infection• Mechanism of multi-drug resistant microorganisms

Immunology ————————————————————————————————————————————————
http://www.immunol.m.u-tokyo.ac.jp/english

Since the original identification of two cytokine genes, interferon-β andinterleukin-2, our laboratory has been continuing to elucidate the regulatory mechanisms of signal transduction and transcription in these andother cytokine systems in the context of immunity and oncogenesis.
More recently, we have also initiated a project on spatiotemporal regulation in lymphocytes and antigen-presenting cells in the context ofcytokine signaling cross talk.

• The mechanisms of signaling and transcription networks operating in the IFN-α/βsystem in innate immune responses• The function and regulation of the transcription factor family, i.e., the interferon regulatory factors (IRFs), in innate and adaptive immune responses, such as Th1/Th2
differentiation mechanism, natural killer (NK) cell differentiation• The mechanisms of regulation of antigen-presenting cells (APCs), typically dendrite
cells (DCs), by IFN-α/β and other cytokines and toll-like receptors (TLRs)• The regulation of oncogenesis by IFN-α/β and the tumor suppressor p53, particularly
their mutual cooperation and function on target genes (Noxa etc.)• Regulation of hematopoiesis and autoimmunity by IFNs and IRFs.
• Spatiotemporal regulation of the TLR and cytokine signaling in lymphocytes andantigen-presenting cells.

Spatiotemporal regulation of the TLR9-IRF-7
pathway in dendritic cells.
The TLR9 ligand CpG-A DNA is retained inendosomes of plasmacytoid dendritic cells (orIFN producing cells), wherein the labeled CpGA merges with IRF-7 transcription factor. This is
critical to sustain the TLR9 signal for prolonged
activation of IRF-7 to efficiently induce IFN-α/β
genes (left). On the other hand, in conventional dendritic cells, CpG-A undergoes rapid trafficking to lysosomes, therefore these cells failto achieve high-level IFN-α/β induction (right).

17

4Radiology and Biomedical Engineering

Radiology ——————————————————————————————————————————————————
http://www.ut-radiology.umin.jp/

We have been performing a variety of clinically oriented research programs in biomedical imaging,voxel-based or ROI-based analysis, information analysis and radiotherapy, such as computer-assisted diagnosis (CAD), PET-based diagnosis, and intensity modulated radiotherapy (IMRT).

• Diagnostic Radiology• Multi-row detector (up to 16 rows) helical computed tomography• MR imaging, MR digital subtraction angiography, perfusion imaging, and dif-fusion tensor imaging/tractography
Radiation
Oncology•
Physicalengineering aspect of radiotherapy•• Gamma knife radiosurgery and IMRT
• Clinical and biological studies for reduction of radiation-induced damage
Nuclear
Medicine•• Functional imaging by radioisotope-labeled tracer technology• Evaluation of blood flow and metabolism by emission tomography (PET and
SPECT)

Representative images analyzed with computerassisted technology

System Physiology ————————————————————————————————————————————
http://bme-sysphysiol.m.u-tokyo.ac.jp/

A variety of living cells respond to mechanical forces occurring both inside and outside a body. We
have been pursuing biomechanical research focusing on the effects of shear stress generated byflowing blood on vascular cells and circulatory functions. Our analyses range all the way from genes
to whole organs and systems. Research on the molecularmechanism of artherogenesis and biomechanical tissue engineering is also ongoing.

• Vascular cell responses to shear stress• Identification of flow-sensing molecules• Mechanical stress responsive genes• Tissue engineering using mechanical stresses• Atherosclerosis research from the aspect of hemodynamics• Vascular system physiology• Microcirculation study using optical imaging

Mechanical force-loading apparatus and calcium response
in vascular cells

18

Bioimaging and Biomagnetics ———————————————————————————————————
Our department specializes in biomagnetic research, which includes the measurement of biomagnetic fields, magnetic stimulation of the brain, and the effects of magnetic fields on biological systems. We develop, integrate and apply new ideas through innovative interdisciplinary research
approaches for the development of noninvasive medical applications using electromagnetic fields.

• Studies into brain function dynamics using transcranial magnetic

stimulation (TMS) and current distribution imaging of magnetic
resonance imaging (MRI)• Application of repetitive TMS for the treatment of central nervous
system diseases and mental illnesses• Studies of higher brain functions using MEG and EEG• Imaging of electrical information based on MRI• Effects of electromagnetic fields on biological systems• Magnetic orientation and reorganization of biological materials• Biomagnetic cell and tissue engineering

Functional dynamics imaging of the brain by TMS and MRI

Biosystem Construction and Control ———————————————————————————————
http://www.bme.rcast.u-tokyo.ac.jp/index_e.html

Our research fields include medical engineering technologies represented by artificial organs.
Especially the research of artificial heart has gotten excellent results such as the world longest survival record in animal replaced with a total artificial heart. We are performing the researches fromthe basic to the application.

• Implantable total artificial heart• Implantable ventricular assist device• Polymer artificial valve• Next generation artificial lung
• Tissue engineered artificial organs• Blood compatible material• Blood trauma 3D real-time measurement• Implantable microcirculation observation probe• Neural interface• Laser surgery and medicine
Implantable total artificial heart (Undulation pump total artificial heart) and artificial heart animal (goat).

19

5

Neuroscience

Neuropathology —————————————————————————————————————————————
http://www.neupath.m.u-tokyo.ac.jp/

To elucidate the molecular mechanisms underlying neurodegeneration and neuronal death
observed in Alzheimer's disease (AD) brains, we have been undertaking studies on production,β) anddegradation, and deposition of amyloid β protein (Aβtau, and analyses of animal models.

• Molecular mechanisms of Aβ production through γ-cleavage• Effect of membrane lipids on Aβ production and deposition• Intracellular trafficking of APP and Aβ• Regulation of Aβ production• Protein chemical analysis of Aβ accumulated in AD brains• Degradation of tau under physiological conditions• Protein chemical analysis of tau deposited in AD brains• Morphological and biochemical analyses of mutant tau transgenic
mice• Expression of mutant tau and neurodegeneration in
Caenorhabditis elegans

ApoE4, a risk factor for AD, enhances Aβ42 accumulation

Neurochemistry ——————————————————————————————————————————————
http://www.neurochem.m.u-tokyo.ac.jp/Homepage.html

Our brain is able to recognize and memorize external and internal events as they occur. A functional
neural network further stands out by its capacity to extract patterns and rules, and to associatethem with abstract meaning and affective valence. What are the local and global spectra of themolecular signaling events in neurons that underlie such complex
information processing at the systems level? Are these events, in turn,converted into more profound modifications of the synaptic wiring
mechanisms? To address these issues, we are currently investigating
the chemistry and physiology of various neuronal protein complexes
near and at synapses.

• Molecular investigation (including identification, characterization and real-timevisualization) of signaling molecules involved in calcium-dependent synaptic modification, especially during signaling from synapse-to-nucleus, and back from nucleus-to-synapses.
• Understanding molecular mechanisms controlling cytoskeletal dynamics andremodeling on both sides of the synapses, in the dendritic spines and in axon terminals.

20

Real-time measurement of biochemical events
triggered by glutamate uncaging at hippocampal spines (A); Visualization of actin cytoskeleton in cerebellar Purkinje cell dendrites (B).

Cognitive Neuroscience ————————————————————————————————————————The laboratory aims to investigate the neural mechanisms of language, cognition, and memory, andwe have been working in the field of brain and cognition.

• Research on brain damaged patients: callosal syndrome, right temporal lobe

syndrome, macular sparing, aphasia therapy• Functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) during the cognitive process:mental writing, writing, face recognition, reading comprehension, naming,
reading aloud• fMRI study on speech dominance in split-brain patients• Magnetoencephalography (MEG) study of cognitive function: visual evokedmagnetic fields, motor imagery• Brain mechanism of Japanese kanji processing

Differences in brain activity in word reading in
relation to visual field of presentation

Speech Physiology ————————————————————————————————————————————
Apahsia, apraxia, agnosia, memory disturbance, and dementia cause devastating impairments indaily activities. The goal of our study is to promote the cognitive rehabilitation. To do so, we areinvestigating the mechanism of those disorders. We also are studying the brain mechanisms of speech using functional magnetic resonance imaging. We focus on the activities of the left inferior frontal
gyrus. Another theme of our laboratory is to explore the neuralmechanism of visual word recognition and auditory speech perception by the combined use of priming method and functional magnetic resonance imaging/transcranial magnetic stimulation/magnetoencephalogram in normal humans.

• Research on brain damaged patients:• Aphasia agnosia apraxia memory disturbance dementia• Functional magnetic resonance study of brain mechanism of speech production• Brain mechanism of word recognition: functional architecture and plasticity

MRI of a patient with selective impairment of auditory-verbal short-term memory. Notice the absenceof the recency effect.

Neuropsychiatry —————————————————————————————————————————————
http://www.h.u-tokyo.ac.jp/patient/depts.html

Our department has provided a leading role in biological psychiatry of stress-related disorders andschizophrenia. Recently, we have promoted cutting-edge biological studies of pervasive developmental disorders.

• Genetic, molecular, and neuroimaging studies of pervasive developmental disorders• Molecular biology of epilepsy and stress-related disorders• Genetic studies in schizophrenia, autism, and anxiety disorders• Multimodal neuroimaging studies of schizophrenia, PTSD, and autism• Clinical psychopharmacology• Molecular studies in sleep-related disorders• Clinical studies on dementia and schizophrenia

Multi-modality neuroimaging in neuropsychiatry using a combination of high-resolution MRI, EEG, MEG, NIRS, and PET.

21

Neurology ——————————————————————————————————————————————————
http://square.umin.ac.jp/neurotky/

Our Department is promoting research programs to elucidate the pathophysiological mechanisms ofneurological diseases including neurodegenerative diseases, immune-mediated diseases and neuromuscular diseases, and to establish therapeutic approaches for these diseases. We are also providing excellent programs to train neurologists.

• Molecular Genetics (identification of disease genes and development oftherapeutic approaches)• Molecular pathopysiology of neurological diseases (RNA editing, and protein structures)• Immune-mediated diseases (autoantibodies)• Neuropysiology and cognitive neuroscience (magnetic stimulation,
NIRS, MEG, PET, and fMRI)• Neuropathology of neuromuscular diseases (pathological studies on
biopsy and autopsy materials)• Multicenter-based clinical research• Development of new therapeutics

Neurosurgery————————————————————————————————————————————————
http://www.h.u-tokyo.ac.jp/neurosurg/

The 21st century has been designated as "The Century of the Brain". To lead Japanese Surgical
Neuroscience, we have devoted our activities to the following: advanced Clinical Neurosurgery,
Neuroscience Research and Graduate and Postgraduate education.

• Advanced Clinical Neurosurgery• Skull base surgery in managing benign or malignant skull base tumors andcerebrovascular disorders• Advancement of less invasive surgical techniques to maintain the quality oflife (QOL) of patients : application of endoscopy and γ-knife radiosurgery• Development of new therapeutic strategies for malignant glioma• Functional neurosurgery including epilepsy surgery• Neuroscience Research• Application of stem cells in regenerating damaged neuronal networks• Treatment of brain tumors using conditionally replicating virus vectors andnano drug delivery systems• Tailor-made therapy of malignant brain tumors using genetic analyses
Endonasal endoscopic pituitary surgery under navigation
guidance22

23

Social Medicine

Molecular Preventive Medicine ——————————————————————————————————
http://www.prevent.m.u-tokyo.ac.jp/

Chemokines play critical roles in the pathogenesis of diseases including acute inflammtaion,
autoimmune diseases, allergic diseases, HIV infection, atherosclerosis and tumor metastasis
through the regulation of chemotaxis, activation and differentiation. We hope chemokine research
will contribute to Molecular Preventive
Medicine.

• Pathogenesis of diseases by chemokine• Autoimmune diseases, liver injury, GVHD
• Atopic dermatitis, bronchial asthma• Activation of the chemokine receptor and its signaltransduction• Serial analysis of gene expression (SAGE) forhematopoietic cells• Development of vaccinations to cancers and infectious
diseases

Public Health ————————————————————————————————————————————————
http://publichealth.m.u-tokyo.ac.jp/

Public health is the science and art of preventing disease, prolonging life, promoting health, andquality of life (QOL) through organized community effort. Through studies in various fields and laboratories, our department aims to advance research, support policy development, and promote education toward
these ends.

• Efficiency and equity issues of health services• Health manpower policy• Occupational and environmental health• Policy analysis on health and environmental issues• Clinical epidemiology (QOL, outcome studies, economic evaluation)

A Malay farmer with a pesticide sprayer on his back and a tobacco
farm, subjects of one of our health surveys

24Forensic Medicine ————————————————————————————————————————————
http://plaza.umin.ac.jp/~forensic/

Our practice is to determine the cause of unusual death by autopsy and examinations. For the
progress of the practice, we are pursuing molecular pathological studies on sudden cardiac deathand sociomedical studies on the death investigation system and risk management.

• Ischemic death of cardiomyocyte• Toxic or protective role of carbon monoxide• Oxidative stress and lipid peroxidation in pathogenesis• Law and system of death investigation and medical risk management• Analytical toxicology

Forensic autopsy room

Medical Informatics and Economics ———————————————————————————————
http://www.m.u-tokyo.ac.jp/medinfo/index_e.html

The department continually develops and manages the entire clinical and administrative information system of the University of Tokyo Hospital such as hospital management works. The researchand postgraduate education programs cover basic medical informatics, advance applications of
information technology to clinical medicine, technology assessment and standardization of healthcare information.

• Development of the new architecture of our hospital information system
is based on distributed computing technology• Development of intelligent computer-based medical record systems• Standardization of medical terminology and communication protocol forelectronic exchange of healthcare information• Patient-centered medical information systems• Development and management of a clinical data collection system using
the University Hospital Medical Information Network(UMIN)

Computer room of the hospital computer center

25

6Internal Medicine

Cardiovascular Medicine ———————————————————————————————————————
http://plaza.umin.ac.jp/~utok-card/

We are investigating the pathogenesis, pathophysiology, diagnostic methods, and novel therapeuticmeasures of various cardiovascular diseases (ischemic heart disease, heart failure, cardiomyopathy,
arrhythmias, atherosclerosis, hypertension, etc.) using a variety of research tools (from molecularbiology to epidemiology, bioinformatics).

• Transcriptional regulation of various genes in cardiovascular development
and pathogenesis
hypertrophy and heart failure: analyses of pathogenic mechanisms• Cardiacand developments of novel therapies (gene therapy, etc.)• Immunological basis of cardiovascular diseases• Imaging techniques (echocardiography, MRI, RI, NOGA) in cardiovasculardiseases• Mechanisms of anti-arrhythmia therapy• Molecular mechanisms of ischemia-reperfusion injury• Genetic polymorphisms and risk factors in cardiovascular disease• Differentiation of smooth muscle cells (atherosclerosis and restenosis after
vascular interventions)• Mouse genetic models of cardiovascular diseases and vascular development
Intraventricular mapping using the NOGA system• Neurohumoral factors in cardiovascular diseases
Respiratory Medicine ——————————————————————————————————————————
http://kokyuki.umin.jp/

Based on the fact that a number of patients with respiratory diseases including lung cancer and
COPD is tremendously increasing, fruitful results of respiratory research are more and more expected in the 21st century. In this era, we are conducting basic and clinical researches for wide variety of
respiratory disorders including lung cancer, asthma and COPD. Especially, we have been intensively
studying the molecular mechanisms underlying the pathogenesis of lung disorders. Our researchgoal is to develop novel therapeutic tools to manage these pulmonary diseases.

• Clinical studies of lung cancer, COPD, bronchial asthma and pulmonary fibrosis
studies of diffuse panbronchiolitis (DPB) and interstitial• Epidemiologicallung disease• Molecular mechanisms underlying the pathogenesis of acute lung injury or ARDS
• Molecular mechanisms underlying the pathogenesis of pulmonary fibrosis(as shown in Figure)• Analysis of disease models using genetically-engineered mice
• Effects of air pollutants such as diesel exhausts on airway hyperresponsiveness Roles of chemokines/cytokines and eicosanoids on airway epithelial
cells, smooth muscle cells and eosinophils.
• DNA methylation and lung cancer• Establishment of conditional vectors for hairpin siRNA knockdowns• Establishment of CpG island searcher

26

Murine model of pulmonary fibrosis

Gastroenterology ————————————————————————————————————————————
http://www.h.u-tokyo.ac.jp/gastro/

Our Department of Gastroenterology is one of the top institutions in the world in the treatment of
hepatocellular carcinoma by unique ablation(RFA) and gastrointestinal/pancreatobiliary cancer/stone byendoscopic manipulation(ESD&ERCP). The goal of our department is to accurately diagnose and givethe best available treatment to these patients, and to this end, we are performing a wide variety ofbasic as well as clinical research.

• Development of better therapeutic strategy for hepatitis B and C• Elucidation of liver injury mechanisms in viral hepatitis• Prevention of and development of a better therapeutic modality for hepatocellular carcinoma• Elucidation of gastric injury mechanisms by Helicobacter pylori• Clarification of colon disease, especially right-sided colon carcinogenesis• Development of an earlier diagnostic strategy for pancreatic cancer: search for its
high-risk group by using SNP (single nucleotide polymorphism) analysis• Development of a better endoscopic therapeutic modality for pancreatobiliary cancer/stone• Development of an endoscopic en bloc resection method for early gastric cancer• Elucidation of the mechanisms of and development of a therapeutic strategy forhepatic fibrosis• Clarification of mechanisms of liver regeneration

Nephrology & Endocrinology ————————————————————————————————————
http://plaza.umin.ac.jp/~kid-endo/top.html

We are investigating the pathophysiology of renal and endocrine disorders for the development ofinnovative diagnostic and therapeutic tools. Hypertension is our special interest because not only is
it a serious medical problem which impairs many vital organs and the QOL of our patients, but also
we have the great advantage of organizing the strategic research aproach since hypertension isclosely related with both nephrology and endocrinology.

• Renal physiology and morphology• Pathophysiology of immune-mediated renal injury• Analysis of pathophysiology and prognistic factors of chronic renal failure• Endothelial injury and vascular biology in kidney disease• Role of nitric oxide and oxidative stress in renal disease and hypertension• Clinical and basic investigation of bone and mineral disorders• Mechanism of action of nuclear hormone receptors• Pathophysiology of hypertension and roles of adrenomedullin• G protein signaling in health and disease
Nutrition and Metabolism ——————————————————————————————————————We are investigating to reveal the molecular mechanisms underlying the development of metabolic
diseases (diabetes mellitus, lipid metabolic disorders, obesity, metabolic syndrome and atherosclerosis) using interdisciplinary approaches and state-of-the-art technology including genetically engineered model animals, DNA chip, RNA technology, human genetics, clinical epidemiology and bioinfomatics. Our major goal is to develop mechanism-based fundamental treatment and prevention strategies for the metabolic diseases.

• Molecular mechanism of insulin resistance linked to obesity focusing on

adipokines.
• Transcriptional regulation of insulin resistance and obesity by nuclear receptors
and cofactors.
• Molecular mechanism of insulin signal transduction.
• Molecular mechanism of insulin secretory defect in type 2 diabetes.
• Genetic susceptibility and risk factors of type 2 diabetes.
• Development of accurate diagnostic algorithm for type 2 diabetes.
• Molecular mechanism of adipogenesis and obesity.
• Transcriptional regulation of lipid metabolism.
• Molecular mechanism of atherosclerosis.
• Mouse genetic models of diabetes, lipid metabolism disorder and atherosclerosis.

27

Hematology and Oncology——————————————————————————————————————
http://www.h.u-tokyo.ac.jp/mukin/E-index.htm

We are investigating the pathogenesis, diagnostic methods, and novel therapeutics of hematologicaldisorders by making comprehensive use of research technologies in molecular biology, developmental biology, and immunology. We are also performing basic and clinical studies based on
genomics, regenerative medicine, and transplantation medicine, which aim at application to therapeutic strategies.

• Self renewal and differentiation of hematopoietic stem cells• Establishment of ex vivo expansion of hematopoietic cells• Genome-wide analyses of hematological malignancies• Identification of molecular pathogenesis of leukemia• Analyses of the immune system by developmental biology• Establishment of antigen-specific immunological therapeutics against
cancer• Development of therapeutic strategies for GVHD by engineered
immune cells

Transcription factor AML1 in normal hematopoiesis and leukemia

Allergy and Rheumatology——————————————————————————————————————
Allergy and rheumatic diseases are immune mediated disorders. We are investigating the fine mechanisms of such disorders. One of our final purposes is to establish novel therapies which control
pathological immune disorders but do not suppress other physiologically important immune functions. We are combining recent findings in basic immunology andour own viewpoints base on our clinical experience.

• Clonal analyses of T cell receptor (TCR) , in vitro reconstitution of the TCR

function using such information and antigen specific immunotherapy
Mechanismsof oral tolerance and application to therapeutic strategies•• Mechanism of immunological tolerance to autoantigens and immunoregulation• Development and induction of regulatory T cells and their applications• Intracellular signaling in immune disorders• Genomic analyses of rheumatic diseases• Development of molecular targeting immunosuppressive reagents• Airway hypersensitivity and remodeling of bronchial asthma• Mechanisms of IgE mediated allergic disorders and applications for therapies• Involvement of chemokines in allergic diseases and applications to therapeuticstrategies

Clonal analyses of T cell receptor (TCR) and in vitro
reconstitution of the TCR function for an antigen
specific immunotherapy

Infectious Diseases ————————————————————————————————————————————We are investigating both clinical and basic aspects in infectious diseaes, in particular, on HIV infection and hepatitis viral infections, the latter of which is the major cause of liver diseae worldwide.
Our research topics cover the wide areas in microbiology, immunology and pathobilology of infectious diseases, including HIV and HCV infections.

• Clinical studies of HIV infection• Development of new methods in infection control and treatment of viral hepatitis• Molecular pathogenesis of hepatocellular carcinoma in HCV infection• Pathogenesis of extrahepatic manifestations and its control in HCV infection• Pathogenesis of progression of HIV infection• Molecular pathogenesis of the mitochondrial disturbances in viral infections• Molecular pathogenesis of hepatitis B viral infection• Host defences to microorganisms• Molecular analysis of innate immunity in microorganism infection• New detection method and pathogenesis of opportunistic cytomegaluviral
infection• Mechanism of multi-drug resistant microorganisms

28

Stress Sciences and Psychosomatic Medicine ————————————————————————
http://psmut.umin.ac.jp/

Targeting stress-related diseases such as psychosomatic and lifestyle-related diseases, we are investigating their pathophysiology and psychopathology through assessing higher brain function, autonomic nervous function, and bio-psycho-behavioral time-series data. We are also actively conducting
basic as well as clinical research on stress and relaxation responses and eating-related substances.

• Elucidation of brain processes closely related to mind/body correlation in stressrelated diseases by use of brain functional analysis methods such as positronemission tomography, magnetoencephalography, and event-related potentials• Investigation into the pathophysiology, psychopathology and neurobehavioral basisof stress-related diseases by use of ecological momentary assessment methods• Behavioral scientific studies and interventional studies using psychobehavioral treatment procedures on stress-related diseases• Development and clinical application of questionnaires concerning mental health• Interventional studies of various relaxation procedures• Psychophysiological and biochemical studies on stress responses and relaxation responses• Investigation on the effects of newly-found neuropeptides such as orexin andghrelin in the brain particularly on emotion and stress responses

Clinical Laboratory Medicine ————————————————————————————————————The main goal of our research projects, described below, is the development of new and useful laboratory tests, and elucidation of pathophysiology of diseases through laboratory tests.

• Cell surface analysis and quantification of cell surface antigens using
flow cytometry• Elucidation of pathophysiological roles of lysophospholipid media-

tors, and its application to laboratory medicine• Platelet biology• Research on adrenomedullin• Oxidative stress and organ damage• Analysis of the function of the left ventricle using ultrasound• Relationship between the respiratory function and various pathophysiological conditions• Magnetoencephalographic (MEG) study on neural mechanisms foraudiovisual integration

Flow cytometer and analysis patterns

Transfusion Medicine ——————————————————————————————————————————
http://square.umin.ac.jp/traf-tky/

Control, testing and supply of all blood products for transfusion are the main clinical activities of thedepartment of transfusion medicine, which is responsible for the provision of safe blood products andthe control of the transfusion practice in the hospital. It actively takes part in autologous blood collection, preservation, and supply for patients receiving routine surgery. In addition, apheresis proceduresfor collection of peripheral blood stem cells for transplantation, and of peripheral blood mononuclear
cells for dendritic cell-based vaccine therapy of cancer patients are performed. Also, lymphocyte-based
vaccine is prepared for the immunotherapy of recurrent abortion cases. Especial laboratory testings,
including HLA typing (serologic and DNA-based) for bone marrow and organ transplantations and thedetection of anti-HLA, anti-platelet (HPA) and anti-granulocyte antibodies, as well as the phenotyping
and genotyping of platelet- and granulocyte-specific antigens for patients with adverse reactions after
transfusion, are performed. The research fields include 1) the development of immunological methods
for antigen-antibody testing of red cells, lymphocytes, granulocytes, platelets and endothelial cells, 2)
the development and clinical application of dendritic cell-based and other vaccines for immunotherapyof cancer, and 3) the development of new anti-thrombotic materials for clinical use.

• Detection of platelet alloantigens and alloantibodies /• Detection of leukocyte alloantigens and alloantibodies• Detection of anti-endothelial cell antibodies and investigation on their clinical relevance• Development of a novel method for the evaluation of platelet function• Dendritic cell-based immunotherapy for malignant diseases• Development of new anti-angiogenic strategies to treat cancer• Development of new immunotherapeutic approaches to treat malignant diseases• Development of new anti-thrombotic materials for clinical use /• Use of stem cells in regenerative medicine
29

8

Reproductive, Developmental andAging Sciences

Reproductive Endocrinology ————————————————————————————————————
http://square.umin.ac.jp/tkyobgyn/

We manage women's reproductive health comprehensively throughout their respective life stages(adolescence, reproductive ages, menopause, and post-menopause). We also aim to develop
advanced reproductive techniques, which could be practiced with higher success rates andimproved safety, based on experimental and clinical research.

• Establishment of effective and low-risk treatment for infertility• Development of assisted reproductive technology• Interaction between the endometrium and embryo during the implantation period• Pathophysiology of endometriosis• Local regulation of folliculogenesis• Technical development of advanced endoscopic surgery• Development of hormone replacement therapy for postmenopausal
women• Medical treatment for menopausal women

ICSI (intracytoplasmic sperm injection)

Gynecological Oncology ————————————————————————————————————————
http://square.umin.ac.jp/tkyobgyn/

We are developing the intensive surgical management and selection of the most suitablechemotherapy regimen, which improved prognosis of the patients with ovarian cancer. The basic
researches are focusing on the mechanism of gynecological malignancies, especially cervical cancer.
We have identified the tumor suppressors involving in the process of cervical carcinogenesis. We
are investigating a possible clinical application of the vaccine against
human papillomavirus, which is a causative agent of cervical cancer.

• Intensive surgery including pelvic and paraaortic lymphadenectomy• Selection of adjuvant chemotherapy based on the pathological and molecular marker• Tumor suppressors involving carcinogenesis of gynecological malignancy• Analysis of the molecular marker in tumor cells related to clinical behavior• Prevention of cervical cancer using the human papillomavirus vaccines

Expression of tumor suppressor scribble inmalignant cells

30Perinatal Medicine ————————————————————————————————————————————
http://www.iiosan.umin.jp/

The researches are on going for development of precise prenatal diagnosis on the fetal status using
ultrasonography, and for investigation of fetal physiology using animal models. We are also focusing
on the immunological aspects in patho-physiology of pregnancy,
developing the immunotherapy for habitual abortion or gestational toxicosis.

• Early diagnosis of abnormal pregnancy• Development of three dimensional ultrasonography• Experimental fetal physiology• Immunotherapy for pregnancy• Management of complicated pregnancy

Three dimensional ultrasonography of fetus

Molecular Cellular Reproductive Medicine ——————————————————————————We are approaching the molecular mechanisms in various reproductive pathological states, using
the knowledge and techniques of molecular biology, cellular biology and genetics. The studies areproceeding on the effects of endocrine disruptors on reproductive phenomena, such as embryogenesis, spermatogenesis and fetal development, and on the prenatal genetic diagnosis.

• Effect of endocrine disruptors on reproduction• Embryogenesis• Spermatogenesis• Intrauterine fetal development• Prenatal diagnosis using molecular genetics• Molecular mechanisms of embryonic development

Molecular mechanisms of endocrine disruptors

Pediatrics and Developmental Pediatrics————————————————————————————
http://square.umin.ac.jp/ped/

We are studying all the issues concerning the health of infants, children and adolescents. We haveachieved very important investigations to clarify the molecular pathogenesis of human congenital
disorders.

• Molecular diagnosis and analysis and collaborative treatment of intractable renal glomerular and tubular diseases• Molecular diagnosis and analysis of hematological malignancy and bone marrow transplantation• Study of Embryonic stem cell (ESC) treatments for various human congenital diseases• Diagnosis, molecular analysis and collaborative treatment of congenital heart diseases• Molecular analysis and collaborative treatment of congenital immunodeficiency
and allergic diseases• Collaborative treatment of extremely premature neonates and babies with pulmonary hypoplasia• Enhancement of the immunological resistance of premature neonates using a
new type of lactobacillus• Diagnosis and treatment of neurological, endocrine and metabolic diseases• Collaborative study and treatment of psychological disorders• Investigation of new systems to promote mother and baby co-relationships during rearing

31

Pediatric Surgery —————————————————————————————————————————————
Pediatric surgical diseases have great variety. In our department all kinds of pediatric surgical conditions are treated, and in these fetal and neonatal surgical care is our main interest. We also treat
many pediatric patients with various respiratory surgical problems that are difficult to treat in otherinstitute.

• The development and differentiation of the fetal lung
• Fetal diagnosis of congenital malformations• Fetal surgery and treatment• Probiotics and prebiotics applied to padiatric surgical patients• The development and differentiation of intestinal lymphoid organs• Renal functions in congenital hydronephrosis• Biliary atresia and biliary dilatation: their treatment and long-term
prognosis• Surgical treatment of pediatric respiratory malformations

EXIT(ex utero intrapartum treatment):Tracheostomy on a fetus
with laryngeal atresia

Pediatric oncology ————————————————————————————————————————————
Solid tumors in children are dealt with in our department. Appropriate care strategies combining
surgical treatment and chemotherapy are decided and carried out on various malignant tumors after
extremely close discussion with pediatric oncologists.

• Genetic analysis and investigations for prognostic factors in neuroblastoma• Tumorigenesis in Wilms tumors• Analysis of cellular biology in Wilms tumors• Treatment of rhabdomyosarcoma• Genetic mutation in hepatoblastoma

Microscopic and ultramicroscopic features of Wilms tumor cellline

Geriatric Medicine ————————————————————————————————————————————
http://www.h.u-tokyo.ac.jp/patient/depts/1510rounenbyou.html

Our department is the first established department of Geriatric Medicine in Japan. It is our goal totreat all the geriatric diseases, such as atherosclerosis, hyperlipidemia, osteoporosis, senile dementia, diabetes, COPD, and aspiration pneumonia, and to improve the quality of life of elderly
patients.

• Vascular endothelial function and atherosclerosis• Studies of molecular mechanisms in vascular calcification• Antioxidants inhibit vascular smooth muscle cell proliferation andinduce apoptosis• Vascular gene therapy using adenoviral mediated gene transfer of estrogen receptors• New guidelines for hormone replacement therapy in females in Japan• Novel gene responsible for breast cancer• Novel gene responsible for osteoporosis• Molecular cloning of novel Ring finger protein• Studies of pathophysiology and novel treatment for Alzheimer's disease• Pathophysiological studies on bronchial asthma using gene-targeted mice
• The molecular mechanisms of vascular injury in sleep apnea syndrome

32

33

9

Surgical Sciences

Cardiovascular Surgery, Thoracic Surgery ———————————————————————————
http://ctstokyo.umin.ne.jp/

We are leading in Japan by annual surgery case volume of 550. New knowledge and techniques areactively applied clinically. Many clinical research projects are going on along with routine clinicalactivities. Our laboratories have been also carrying out a large variety of basic research.

• Clinical research• Brain and spinal cord protection in thoracic aortic surgery• Minimally invasive cardiac surgery• Valve or vascular tissue allograft transplantation• Ventricular assist device for end-stage heart failure• Pathophysiology of thymoma• Basic and experimental research• Development of real-time 3D echo
• Development of myocardial regeneration therapy• Analysis of resistance to infection of tissue allograft• Analysis of suppressor gene of lung cancer

MRI diffusion-weighed images of brain by various brain perfusion
techniques

Gastrointestinal Surgery ———————————————————————————————————————
http://todai3ge.umin.jp/

Our research activities range from basic topics to clinical ones with close interconnections. Basic research topics encompass underlying molecular mechanisms
and the regulation of carcinogenesis, progression, metastasis and prevention ofgastrointestinal cancer. Clinical research topics include the establishment of tailored treatment strategies from a patients-by-patient point of view, which ultimately provide a better quality of life while improving survival quality.

• Carcinogenesis, progression, metastasis and prevention of gastrointestinal cancer• Inflammation and gastrointestinal carcinogenesis (gastroduodenal reflux, H. pylori infection)• Are cancer cells derived from bone marrow?
• Earlier detection of cancer and micrometastasis by new genetic markers• Roles of epigenetic alteration (DNA methylation) in gastrointestinal carcinogenesis• Chemoprevention of gastric cancer with PPARγ ligand• Establishment of tailored treatment strategies• Less invasive treatment of early cancer by laparoscopic (assisted) surgery• Sentinel node navigation surgery for early cancer• Extended radical treatment of advanced cancer• Induction of neaoadjuvant chemotherapy and improvement of survival• Estimation of chemotherapy effects by new bio- and genetic-markers• Alternative gastrointestinal reconstruction and estimation of the results

34

Bone marrow cell homing into gastricmucosa of Helicobacter infected mouseHepato Biliary Pancreatic Surgery —————————————————————————————————
http://square.umin.ac.jp/hbp-t/index21.htm

We constantly perfom nearly 200 hepatectomies every year on
patients with hepato-biliary malignancies including hepatocellular carcinoma and metastatic liver tumors. The surgical results can be classified as amongst the highest ranking in the world. In order to improve
the surgical outcome for hepato-biliary-pancreatic malignancies, we
conduct wide areas of research such as analysis of prognostic factors
for liver malignancies, evaluation of liver hemodynamics using ultrasonography, liver ischemia/reperfusion injury, and liver regeneration.
• The development of a radical and safe operative procedure for hepato-biliary
malignancies• The analysis of genetic abnormalities in hepatocellular carcinoma• Development of new methods for the evaluation of liver functional reserve• The evaluation of hemodynamics in the congested liver using ultrasonography• Study of the effect of ischemic preconditioning on liver normothermic
ischemia/reperfusion• Study of the underlying mechanisms of acute pancreatitis using rats
• The prediction of recurrence of hepatocellular carcinoma by measuring AFP
mRNA in the peripheral blood• Induction of hepatocyte differentiation from bone marrow cells

Color flow mapping of intraoperative Doppler ultrasonography before divisionof the middle hepatic vein.
Portal flow was hepatopetal(shown in red).

Color flow mapping of intraoperative Doppler ultrasonography
after transection of the middle
hepatic vein. Portal flow was hepatofugal (shown in blue) in theveno-occlusive area.
Bone marrow cells
from the GFP transgenic mouse differentiated into hepatocytes
by coculture with nonparenchymal liver cells.
Bone marrow derived
GFP positive cells
expressed albumin.

Urology ————————————————————————————————————————————————————
http://www.h.u-tokyo.ac.jp/urology/

We constantly perform more than 1,000 urological surgeries a year,
including nephrectomy, cystectomy and prostatectomy, with increasing
trend of laparoscopic maneuvers and brachytherapy for organ confined
prostate cancer. Surgical or Non-surgical means are employed for noncancer diseases including renal transplantation, urinary dysfunction,
urinary incontinence, urolithiasis and male infertility. With regard tolaboratory research, not only oncology but also JC virus, PCK diseaseand vascular biology are now under extensive investigation.
• Tailor medicines on estramustine phosphate (EMP) has been investigated for
newly diagnosed advanced prostate cancer (Fig.1)• JC viral genomic analyses and its distribution in the world• Estrogen receptor beta and its metabolic cascade analysis• Hormonal regulation of prostatic proliferation and atrophy
E&H-cadherin correlation with invasiveness of transitional cell carci• Humannoma and prostate cancer• Oncolytic viral therapy using HSV-1• PCK disease and genetic analysis• Urolithiasis: ion channels membrane transport (NaDC-1)• Vascular biology and erectile dysfunction (ED)• Fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH) flow cytometry• Clinical investigation for urinary incontinence and overactive bladder (Fig.2)

Fig.1 Cause Specific Survival (EMP monotherapy);
chemotherapeutic effect according to time to nadir (PSA)

Fig. 2 It is clearly shown by histology that the
thickness of muscle is significantly reduced andcorrelated with symptoms in stress incontinent women.

Artificial Organ Transplantation Division ———————————————————————————
http://www.h.u-tokyo.ac.jp/patient/depts/1512ishokugeka.html

We have performed liver transplantation for end staged liverdiseases. Until March 2005, we have experienced 417 cases ofliving donor liver transplantation and two deceased donorliver transplantation case.

• Surgical technique on living donor liver transplantation• Right lateral sector graft• Criteria and technique on middle hepatic vein reconstruction in right livergraft• Vascular reconstruction using homograft vein

• Diagnosis on acute rejection• Artificial Organ• Artificial Liver

The 5-year survival rate in our 248 adult patients who underwent living donor liver transplantation was 84%, which wasmuch higher than overall Japan series (70%).

35

Surgical Oncology / Vascular Surgery ——————————————————————————————
http://all-1su.umin.jp/

We had a great deal of experience in treating patients with various cancers and vascular diseases,
and we have performed much research on carcinogenesis, cancer metastasis, immunology,
atherosclerosis, angiogenesis and vascular regeneration. Based on the
research results, we are trying to identify the best way to treat eachpatient with the least surgical stress.

• Development of the novel and order-made therapy for cancer• Genetic mutation analysis of various cancers• Radiosensitivity and chemosensitivity of cancer• Detection of sentinel lymph nodes using magnetic particle• Immunotherapy using dendritic cells• Characterization of tumor vasculature and its therapeutic application• Gene therapy for disseminated metastasis• Drug development to target the receptor and signal transduction cascade of bioactive
lipids• Development of a novel method to diagnose and treat the vascular diseases• Vascular regeneration therapy for atherosclerotic obliterans (ASO)• Visualization of atherosclerotic lesions• Robotics surgery for vascular diseases

Diagramatic representation of clinical-oriented research, with the ultimate goal of
improving patient QOL

Metabolic Care and Endocrine Surgery —————————————————————————————
http://todai3ge.umin.jp/

Our department has two main divisions. Division of surgical metabolism and nutrition performs
research on vital response to surgical stress and on metabolic and nutritional care during peri-surgical period. Division of breast and endocrine surgery performs surgery for 200 cases of breast, thyroid and parathyroid tumors a year, and performs research on
tumorigenesis, establishment of treatment and prevention of breast
and thyroid cancers.

• Surgical metabolism and nutrition• Induction of tolerance against surgical stress and endotoxemia• Response to endotoxemia through Toll-like receptors.
• Effects of surgical stress on tumor development• Gender difference in the response to surgical stress• Bacterial translocation during chemotherapy for cancer• Establishment of metabolic care and nutritional support team• Breast and endocrine surgery• Roles of nuclear receptor in development of breast cancer• Micrometastasis of breast cancer• Diagnosis of breast and thyroid tumors by fluorescence in situ hybridization of telomere• Apoptotic gene expression in endocrine neoplasm• Roles of carbohydrate in breast cancer metastasis• Establishment of evaluation on QOL of the patients with breast cancer

Detection of telomere and centromere by Fish. Fluorescencevolume of telomere attenuates with increase of cell division.
(red: telomere, green: centromere, blue: chromosome)

Dermatology ————————————————————————————————————————————————
http://www.h.u-tokyo.ac.jp/der/Our department performs very varied of basic and clinical research concerning the cutaneous
immune system that is orchestrated by Langerhans cells, pathogenesis of skin fibrosis in the scleroderma, and mechanism of growth and metastasis of skin cancers (especially in malignant
melanoma). Our specific interest is to develop new therapeutic approaches to the relevant skin diseases using the knowledge we obtain through the data generated by our research .

• Molecules of Langerhans cells that regulate antigen presentation• The role of chemokines in allergic skin diseases• Understanding and clinical application of the regulatory mechanisms of allergy inducing
factors produced by the epidermis• Understanding and clinical application of mechanisms of up-regulated expression of
the type I collagen gene in scleroderma fibroblasts• The role of transforming growth factor-β Smad signaling in fibrosis• The role and signal transduction of transforming growth factor-β receptors in dermal
fibroblasts
Axillary sentinel lymph node in patients• The mechanisms of up-regulated expression of integrins in fibrosis
with chest malignant melanoma
Mechanisms
ofgrowthandmetastasis
inmalignantmelanoma
cell
lines(2% patent blue staining)•• Early diagnosis of metastatic lymph nodes by the sentinel lymph node biopsy technique• Early diagnosis of malignant melanoma with dermoscopy
36

Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery ————————————————————————————————
In our lab, we are investigating the mechanisms of morphogenesis of congenital anomalies using adevelopmental biological approach. In addition, we are performing extensive research into the clinical application of engineered tissues such as skin, soft tissue, and cartilage. We also have several
cosmesis-related projects such as clinical hair regrowth with cultured cells and analysis of skinaging mechanisms.

• Basic Research• Mechanisms of embryonic craniofacial morphogenesis• Angiogenesis in embryo and vascular malformations• Mesenchymal stem cells derived from lipoaspirates• Organ engineering with human adult stem cells• Hair regrowth with cultured dermal papilla cells• Research on aging skin-related factors• Regulation of skin aging using hormones and retinoids• Regulation of epidermis by factors derived from dermal fibroblasts• Clinical Research• Microsurgical reconstruction using vascularized tissue transfers• Reconstructions for established nerve palsy• Cranio maxillo facial surgery• lymphedema

Microsurgical lymphaticovenular anastomosis(0.5mmφ) for
human arm lymphedema

Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery ———————————————————————————————————
http://plaza.umin.ac.jp/~oralsurg/

Our laboratory has been performing a wide range of clinically oriented research in oral-maxillofacial
disorders such as congenital diseases, jaw deformities and tumors in the oral region. Cartilage andbone regeneration using tissue engineering techniques is our main field of research.

• Clinical research:• Mandibular lengthening by distraction osteogenesis• Correction of facial deformity in patients with cleft lip and palate• Facial growth in craniofacial anomalies• Surgical-orthodontic treatment of dentofacial deformities• Evaluation of the treatment outcomes in patients with cleft lip and/or palate• Basic and experimental research:• Cartilage and bone regeneration using the tissue engineering technique• Gene analysis of congenital anomalies in the oral and maxillofacial region• Effect of free radicals on bone metabolism• COX-2 regulation on bone metabolism• Mandibular lengthening by the floating bone method
Cartilage and bone regeneration using the tissue engineering technique

Orthopaedic Surgery ——————————————————————————————————————————
http://www.h.u-tokyo.ac.jp/ortho/

Our department was established in 1906 as the first department of orthopaedic surgery in Japan.
Since then our efforts have been dedicated to responding to the needs of patients for orthopaediccare and to related research. Our department seeks to elucidate the molecular and genetic backgrounds of bone and cartilage disorders in order to develop groundbreaking treatments for these
conditions. At the same time, we are attempting to establish various clinical devices.

• Bone, cartilage and nerve regeneration• Regulation of anabolic and catabolic bone metabolism by cytokines (FGFs, PGs)
• Molecular mechanism of age-related bone loss (klotho, PPARγ)• Molecular mechanism of osteoclast differentiation and apoptosis (RANKL-RANK, INF, Src)
• Reverse and forward genetic approach to the pathophysiology of bone andcartilage disorders (osteoarthritis, OPLL)• Gene therapy to control pathological bone destruction (arthritic bone
resorption and arthritic joint destruction) using adenovirus vectors• Non-invasive analyzing system to evaluate the mechanical properties ofskeletal system in vivo using CT based finite element analyses• Surgical navigation system with a three-dimensional display and navigation robot

Surgical navigation system

37

Ophthalmology ——————————————————————————————————————————————
http://plaza.umin.ac.jp/oph/

Our department applies cutting-edge technologies and knowledge to diagnosis and treatment ofeye diseases. To elucidate pathogenesis and establish more efficient ways of diagnosis and treatment of various refractory eye diseases, basic researches utilizing molecular biological, immunological and/or pharmacological techniques and clinical studies utilizing epidemiological, biostatistical
and/or optical methods are conducted. Our efforts are also dedicated to regenerative medicine of
the cornea and retina.

• Investigation of primary glaucomas and relating factors• Development of new methods of glaucoma treatment and validation by RCTof new ocular hypotensive drugs and their mechanism of action• Investigationby using transgenic or KO mice or experimental glaucoma monkeys
of mechanism of neural cell death by using cultured RGCs or retinal• Investigation
glial cells and exploratory search for new neuroprotective agents• Analysis of ocular circulation in glaucoma and retinal diseases• Analysis of corneal topographyand wave-front analvsis of optical aberrationsof tissue-engineered cornea by using cultured stem cells of• Development
corneal endothelium and epitheliumof molecular mechanism of choroid-retinal neovascularization• Investigationand new drug delivery system for it utilizing nanotechnology• Regenerative medicine of the retina using retinal stem cellsof immune responses in rejection of transplanted cornea and• Investigationrole of chemokines and receptors in uveitis
Otorhinolaryngology and Head & Neck Surgery ——————————————————————
http://www.h.u-tokyo.ac.jp/orl/

Our research is composed of both clinical and basic research. Clinical research is conducted by specialized clinics in the hospital, which experience ear diseases and hearing disorders from neonates
to adulthood, head and neck cancer, paranasal diseases, olfactory and disorders, vertigo and balance disorders and voice and swallowing disorders. Basic and experimental research into molecularbiology, electrophysiology and morphology is conducted in our department's laboratories.

• Clinical research• Cochlear implantation in deaf children and their development of hearing, speech and language• Surgical correction of congenial microtia and atresia and postoperative radical ears to improve
hearing• Quality of life in patients with head and neck cancer to restore speech and swallowing function• Vestibular research on the oculomotor and balance system and myogenic potential• Navigation of the paranasal sinuses and skull base surgery• Surgical treatment of voice and swallowing disorders• Basic and experimental research• Molecular biology of the inner ear• Basic research on auditory brainstem implants• Molecular biology of epipharyngeal cancer and hypopharyngeal cancer• Molecular biology of differentiation and development of inner ear and olfactory epithelium• Origins of vestibular myogenic potential• Aging and regeneration of olfactory epithelium / •Binaural healing
Chochlear implant

Rehabilitation Medicine ————————————————————————————————————————
Our research purpose is to improve the provision of a unique and comprehensive rehabilitation service enabling people to develop their full potential and often returning from being a “patient” tobeing a “person”. Clinically oriented studies concentrate on elucidation of the origin of disabilities
to cause activity limitation and restriction of participation.

• Gait analysis• Measurements of 3 dimensional ground reaction forces with aforce platform• Measurements of foot pressures with a computerized insole sensor system• 2-dimensional image analysis with a video camera system• Cognitive Rehabilitation• Functional localization using event related potential and MEG• Simple evaluation system of higher brain dysfunction• Clinical and biological study on disuse syndromes• Joint contracture and disuse atrophy in molecular biology• Development of a proper program for recovery from deconditioning
2D sagital gait analysis

38

Anesthesiology ——————————————————————————————————————————————
http://www.anes.umin.ne.jp/

We conduct research into various subjects concerned with anesthesia and the pain clinic. There are 6
laboratories in our department. Comprising respiratory, circulatory, nervous and muscular, immune andpain research, and research into anesthetic instruments including monitoring systems.

• Respiratory system Our areas of research include changes in pulmonary vascular resistances in pulmonary edema; and influence ofanesthetic drugs on the pulmonary system; and pathophysiological changes in neurogenic pulmonary edema• Circulatory system Studies are now being perfomed on the relationship between the sympathetic nerve system and cardiac function; the influence of inhibitory enzymes upon organic microcirculations; and the ventilation-perfusion distributions during artificial positive pressure ventilation
Nervous and muscular system Studies are now in progress on the mechanism of epidural-spinal anesthesia(using Hanaoka's needle); the•influence of anesthetics on the auditory brain stem response; the influence of inhalation anesthetic drugs on the autonomic nervous system; and the pharmacology of neuromuscular blocking agents; and the development of a new monitoring system for neuromuscular blockade• Immune system Themes include the response of immune systems to endotoxins inblood and the influences of anesthetics on hepatic Kupffer cells• Pain We have perfomed many studies in this area, including the effects of epidural
drugs on thermal nociception with different stimulus intensity; the clinical applications ofcurrent perceptive thresholds; the mechanism of the analgesic action of laser energy; theclinical applications of drug challenge tests; the examination of the application of epidroscopic therapy; the analgesic mechanism of hyperventilation; the applications of patient
controlled analgesia; the effects of epidural narcotics; and the optimal combination of low
dose opioids and inhalated anesthetics
Anesthesia machines and other medical equipment The development of•simulators
for anesthetic education, and the development of new equipment for tracheal intubation are now in progress

Anesthesia and monitors

Emergency and Critical Care Medicine —————————————————————————————We are collaborating with The School of Engineering, and now concentrating on the developmentof the infrastructure of emergency medicine including “the Vital Care Network System”, whichallows us to manage continuously large numbers of high risk patients. We are also making efforts toimprove sterilization and wound healing.

• Vital Care Network System• Telemonitoring system for prehospital medicine• High-performance transfer system for the ambulances• Electrolyzed water• Autonomic nervous system regulation of the heart

39

Health Sciences and Nursing

Health Sociology —————————————————————————————————————————————
http://www.hlthsoc.m.u-tokyo.ac.jp/index.htm

Our department studies social and psychological factors related to health problems and health caresystems, through developing and applying theories, concepts and methods, which have been developed in sociology and social psychology. We carry out studies in interdisciplinary academic fields,
involving health, medicine and nursing as well as the field of sociology.

• Studies on Antonovsky's Salutogenesis and Sense of Coherence (SOC)• Study on medically infected HIV subjects• Studies on the current situation and theories of changing professionalpatient relationship and patient autonomy• Studies on the effects of changes in industrial society on “Ways ofWorking and Living” and fatigue / stress among wokers• Studies on social differences and inequalities in health• Studies on theory and research methodology on the lives of ill and disabled people and their families
An example of a visual presentation on research results

Mental Health / Psychiatric Nursing ———————————————————————————————
Both departments conduct internationally diverse clinical studies on mental disorders and mental
health problems.

• Mental Health• Psycho-education in mental disorders• Evaluation of psychiatric services• Evaluation of school counseling• Practice and Evaluation of Psychotherapy• Early detection and therapeutic education of PDD• Psychiatric Nursing• Workload studies of acute psychiatric wards• Clinical competency of psychiatric nursing• Skills of community psychiatric nursing• Mental health of mothers and child abuse• Carer burden

40Biostatistics / Epidemiology and Preventive Health Sciences —————————————
http://www.epistat.m.u-tokyo.ac.jp/

Biostatistics and epidemiology provide the methodological basis for health sciences. We are conducting basic methodological research of biostatistics and theoretical epidemiology as well as consultation works and collaborative projects with basic/clinical researchers. The NPO “Japan ClinicalResearch Support Unit” established by the staff of the department is supporting investigator-initiated clinical trials and large-scale epidemiological studies inrespect of data management, statistics and quality assurance.

• Methodological research• Design of clinical trials• Analysis of correlated data and longitudinal data such as QOL data, multiple recurrence (events) data
• Analysis of microarray data

• Collaborative projects• Japan Arteriosclerosis Longitudinal Study• Comprehensive Support Project for Oncology Research- Breast Cancer• Comprehensive Support Project for Adequate Treatment of Osteoporosis• Investigator-initiated clinical trials of cell therapies
Multivariate analysis of cDNA-array data

Social Gerontology ———————————————————————————————————————————
http://www.sg.m.u-tokyo.ac.jp/informatione.htm

The three major research areas of this department include social gerontology, psychosocial oncology and biomedical ethics. The faculty and graduate students are multidisciplinary and include those
whose primary training is in nursing, medicine, psychology, anthropology and health sciences.
Using the theories and research methods of those disciplines, we aim to suggest practical ways todeal with a wide variety of public health problems.

• Exchange of social support and subjective well-being among the elderly• Psychological well-being among the elderly who have experienced relocation• Measurement of active life expectancy• Sexuality and body image issues related to cancer treatments• Treatment decision-making process among cancer survivors• Self-help group activities for chronic, life-threatening illnesses• Psychosocial issues related to infertility treatments• Multi-disciplinary collaboration in the clinical setting

Class meeting of the department

Health Promotion Sciences ——————————————————————————————————————
http://www.ethps.m.u-tokyo.ac.jp/

The main activity of the Department of Health Promotion Sciences is making health policy proposals
concerning health promotion in the community and work place through experimental and survey
research. The main research fields are health behavior and life-style related disease. The main focus ofhealth behaviors are physical activity including exercise, diet and nutrition, and obesity. Our classes
include lectures and practical training with the aim of helping
students to understand the method of planning, implementation and evaluation of the health promotion programs in thecommunity and work place.

• Development of effective health promotion programs• Assessment of the supportive environments in the community andwork place• Assessment of and supporting methods for health behavior, and theimpact on health status• Short and long term effects of behavior change• Influence of behavior change on medical costs, and cost effectiveness analysis• Determinants in the social and physical environment on the adherenceof behavior change

Physical fitness test as part of a community health promotion program41

Biomedical Ethics —————————————————————————————————————————————
http://www.ethps.m.u-tokyo.ac.jp/

The Department of Biomedical Ethics conducts both theoretical and empirical studies in the fieldsof biomedical ethics, research ethics and clinical ethics. Research topics include ethical theories,
informed consent, ethics committees and organ transplantation. The Center for Biomedical Ethics
and Law (CBEL) was recently set up as an adjunct to the Department of Biomedical Ethics.

• Study of the functions and responsibilities of ethics committees inJapan• Study of the methods for the formation of social consensus related toadvanced medical technology• Comparative study of clinical ethics in the Asian region• Publication of a medical ethics case book for Japan• Acceptability of advance directives in Japan• Development of evaluation methods for biomedical ethics education• Psychosocial and ethical aspects of living related organ transplantation

42

Outreach Program: CBEL provides training courses for ethics
committee members. Participants include physicians, nurses
and medical pharmaceutical representatives.

43

10-2

Nursing Sciences

Nursing Administration/ Advanced Clinical Nursing ———————————————————
http://nurs-adm.m.u-tokyo.ac.jp/

Our research programs aim to support clinical nurses in providing high quality care for theirpatients in efficient way. Under a nation-wide healthcare reform, improving the efficiency ofhealthcare delivery systems becomes essential. For nursing care, assessing the efficacy and theputting in place of quality assurance systems are required. Applying management theories to nursing administration, we focus on nursing quality improvement, nurse staffing, patient classification
systems, budgetary management, staff development and continuing education.

• Assessment and improvement of quality of nursing care
• Outcome management for nursing practice• Risk management in acute care settings• Nursing case management and critical pathways• Cost-effectiveness of nursing services• Patient classification systems• Physiological studies of clients'/caregivers' activities• Occupational safety and health of health care workers• Nursing policy and strategies to meet the professional
demands

Promoting quality nursing care

Adult Nursing / Palliative Care Nursing —————————————————————————————
http://www.adng.m.u-tokyo.ac.jp/indexe.htm

Mainly for subjects in their adulthood, we have been performing research in a variety of domains
including prevention of cancer and several chronic illnesses, support for coexistence with disease,and palliative care. Focal points in our research, which we conduct under a team approach, arestrategies in education and provision of relevant information based on the findings of molecularbiology, and the team-approach nursing care system.

• Care for adaptation to physical alteration after surgery• Cancer genetic counseling in nursing• Physical activity in middle- aged / elderly• Prevention and self care support for family with diabetes• Symptom management for inflammatory diseases• Evaluation of palliative care services• Spiritual care for terminally ill persons and their families• Continuity and dissemination of palliative care
• Nursing care system for out patients• Nursing terminology

44

Family Nursing ———————————————————————————————————————————————
http://www.hn.m.u-tokyo.ac.jp/dept/famn/indexj.htm

Hand-in-hand with the changes occurring in society, the formation and the function of the family isalso changing. Current Japanese society expects not only client-centered perspective but also family-centered perspective from nursing research. We are especially focusing on the childrearing andchildbearing family nursing research issues.

• Late effects of treatment and posttraumatic stress disorder in children with cancer• Psychological preparation for children undergoing minor surgery• Child abuse• Care of dying children and their families• Qualitative research to explore childbearing family
formation process• Postnatal depression and difficulties in childrearing

Community Health Nursing —————————————————————————————————————
http://park.itc.u-tokyo.ac.jp/chn/english/index.html

Our research focuses on the development of health care programs, and establishment and evaluation of community health care systems, in response to the health care needs of individuals, families, aggregates and the communities. Also, we are performing research on standardization of skillsof public health nurses and terminology of community
health nursing.

• Establishment and evaluation of community health care systems• Around-the-clock in-home care system• Expansion of the target of visiting nurse• Hospital discharge planning• Development of health care programs• Support for families with babies and children• Occupational health• Elderly care

• Definition and standardization of skills of public health nurses/
Development of community health program• Terminology of community health nursing
Concepts of the Community Health Nursing

Midwifery and Women's Health ——————————————————————————————————
http://park.itc.u-tokyo.ac.jp/midwifery/index1eng.htm

Having been in place since June, 2002, our research activities focus onmaternal-child health care as well as health promotion to achieve an allround good life for the well woman.

• Life style and oxidative stress during pregnancy• Maternal body composition during pregnancy and infant birth weight• Nutrition and weight management during pregnancy and postpartum• Quality of sleep and sleeping posture of women• Promotion of women s health care after delivery and during menopause• Application of the ICF (International Classification of Functioning Disability and
Health) to an assessment of quality of life among pregnant women

Photo by Sakae Kikuchi

45

Gerontological Nursing ————————————————————————————————————————
http://www.rounenkango.m.u-tokyo.ac.jp/english/

Our main study involves the "Practice and Development of Gerontological Nursing Based on
Evidence" where we are striving to develop new nursing techniques and instruments to improve
the prediction, prevention, diagnosis and treatment of the elderly. We hope to increase their physical activity and enhance self-esteem in order to maintain their independent lifestyle.

• Development of new techniques and instruments for wound caremanagement for the elderly• Risk assessment• Preventive care
• Malnutrition• Skin care technique• Wound management• Development of care programs and systems for the elderly• Health promotion program for the healthy elderly• Preventive approach in long term care for the frail elderly• Care program and system for the demented elderly

46

47

International Health

Health Policy and Planning ——————————————————————————————————————The department aims to provide the scientific evidences to the international health policy in theworld, especially in Asian countries. Our long-termed goal is to contribute, through our researches,
to establishing the world where we can live healthy, in harmony with nature by respecting each of
our cultures and beautiful environments.

• Evaluation of ODA and international health policy• Sustainable IMCI (Integrated Management of Childhood Illness) indeveloping countries• Appropriate interventions for the sustainable malaria prevention• Situational analysis on immunization service (EPI) in developing
countries• HIV/STIs , AIDS control and prevention• Injury prevention in developing countries• Allergic disease or paediatric asthma in developing countries• Medical wastes in developing countries• Reproductive health in developing countries• Health system improvement in developing countries

Mass vaccination campaign during National Immunization Days
for poliomyelitis eradication

International Community Health —————————————————————————————————
http://www.ich.m.u-tokyo.ac.jp/

Our aim is to bring together aspects of clinical, public health and social science research to address thebroad issues of health and health care: 1) to investigate how to change the status quo by improving
health status of the most vulnerable; 2) to undertake research on the influences of ‘globalization’ on
health and social development; 3) to investigate the mechanisms to reduce
inequalities between and within nations on health and development; and 4)
to develop the mechanisms to link the above 4 goals with the individual
research activities described below.

• Maternal and child health in Asian countries• Infectious diseases such as tuberculosis, leprosy and HIV/AIDS• Appropriate treatment and prevention of common diseases and injuries including traffic
accidents in Japan and developing countries• Health promotion• Comparative study on dental health and care between different countries• Stroke prevention in developing countries as well as in Japan• Environmental degradation related diseases such as “ecological diseases” in Kazakhstan,and bronchitis and asthma in children in Bangladesh• Health policy: “SAPs”, “health sector reform”, “SWAps” (SIP) in developed and developing countries• Human rights including: 1) Code of conduct, 2) Refugees and 3) War and conflicts
Health for All! Questioning the Solution
The Politics of Primary Health Care and Child• Disaster relief/medicine
Survival. D. Werner and D. Sanders. 199748

Human Genetics ——————————————————————————————————————————————
http://www.humgenet.m.u-tokyo.ac.jp/

Department of Human Genetics is broadly interested in the human genome diversity, especially in
the Asian populations. Specifically, we are using genomic research tools including SNP andmicrosatellite analyses, as well as gene expression profiling, to better understand the genetic background of a variety of complex diseases, especially autoimmune diseases, infectious diseases andsleep disorders.

• Theoretical and experimental analyses on the genetics of complex diseases.

• Development of statistical approaches for susceptibility gene mapping in complex diseases.
• Genomic studies to the understanding of genetic background and pathogenesisof autoimmune diseases.
• Host susceptibility factors to infectious diseases.
• Molecular mechanisms of sleep disorders.

• Development of new methodologies for genomic polymorphism and gene
expression analyses.

• Analysis on the genome diversity of Asia-Pacific populations.
• Development of methodologies for the analysis of protein interactions.

Tools for genomic analyses.

Developmental Medical Sciences —————————————————————————————————At its inception, the name of the department was the “Department of Maternal and Child Health”.
The studies involved in all activities related to the maintenance and the promotion of health ofmothers and children, including research of infectious diseases and nutrition.
In 1992, with the aim of expanding the vision of research and teaching activities, the name waschanged to the “Department of Developmental Medical Sciences”. In addition to maternal and childhealth, the theme thus extended to include aging, human-environment relations and areas of reproductive health.

• Field study of maternal and child health• Minority group inside and outside of Japan• Obesity, minor nutrients etc• Molecular epidemiology of infectious diseases• Diarrheal viruses, HIV, hepatitis viruses etc• Development of diagnosis of infection (genetic analysis, immunological analysis)• Physiological and biochemical study of child development• Hormone and bone metabolism in puberty, during pregnancy and puerperium and in post-menopausal state• Biochemical analysis of immobilization on calcium and bone metabolism• Effect of urbanization on maternal and child health (high rise living,child-abuse, social epidemiology of infectious diseases)

The preparation of norovirus capsid protein (virus-likeparticle) by molecular biological technique for development of a rapid test of norovirus infection

Human Ecology ——————————————————————————————————————————————
http://www.humeco.m.u-tokyo.ac.jp/index-e.html

For the purpose of elucidating the health and survival of human populations from the human-environment relationship, field investigations in the Asia-Pacific region and experimental studies havebeen conducted. Based on not only biomedical aspects but also environmental scientific and sociocultural aspects, many international health problems are targeted.

• Health effects of environmental arsenic and possible mitigation strategy inSouth Asian countries• Exposure-effects evaluation of chemical pollution of watershed in rural
Indonesian children• Nutritional ecology-based health evaluation for Asia-Oceania populations• Nutritional adaptation in rural and urban-dwelling populations in developing countries• Development and environmental preservation in rapidly-changing AsiaOceania communities• Effects of perinatal exposures to heavy metals or endocrine disrupting
chemicals on neuro-behavioral development• Modification of the effects of environmental chemicals by nutrients andnutritional status

Children of Paradise village, Western Province, Solomon
Islands

49

Biomedical Chemistry ——————————————————————————————————————————
The aim of our department is to contribute to the overall global health and welfare through basic
research. Our current interests are: the energy metabolism of humans, parasites, and bacteria; andRNA and RNA-binding proteins.

• Human succinate dehydrogenase and mitochondrial myopathy• Ascaris suum and Caenorhabditis elegans• Molecular mechanism of adaptation to low oxygen tension• Mitochondrial quinol-fumarate reductase• C. elegans as a model system of parasitic nematodes and ageing• Malaria and Trypanosome: characterization of mitochondria as a target

for chemotherapy• Escherichia coli and Mycobacterium: succinate dehydrogenase complex
and regulation of energy supply• RNA and RNA-binding proteins• Mitochondriral translation system• Ribosome biogenesis of Eukarya and Archaea

50

Free-living nematode Caenorhabditis elegans expressing a
recombinant green fluorescent protein inside the bodyunder the control of the promoter of the iron-sulfur subunit(Ip) gene of succinate-ubiquinone reductase (complex II)

51

Center for Disease Biology andIntegrative Medicine

Basic Medical Sciences (1) / Molecular Biomedicine for Pathogenesis ———————
http://www.cdbim.m.u-tokyo.ac.jp/english/index.html

Focusing on functional analysis of newly isolated genes, particularly related to apoptosis, cell differentiation, or cell cycle, our laboratory is pursuing clarification of the pathogenesis of various diseases and the related physiological machineries in cellular and molecular aspects. Based on our
technical advantage in gene manipulation via gene knockout and transgenesis, we give high priorities to in vivo analyses. Our overall goal is to apply our findings to development of novel and definitive therapies fortypes of diseases.

• Role of AIM (Apoptosis Inhibitor of Macrophage) in atherosclerosis

development and other diseases.
• Regulation of hematopoiesis and its relevance to leukemogenesis; via
functional analysis of a newly identified Polycomb group molecule
MBT-1.
• Regulation of tumorgenesis by modulating apoptosis and cell cycle;
via analysis of DEDD-deficient animals.

Basic Medical Sciences (2) / Biophysics —————————————————————————————
http://www.cdbim.m.u-tokyo.ac.jp/english/index.html

We have been exploring two-photon excitation microscopy, which utilizes an infrared femtosecondpulsed laser as a light source, to visualize and stimulate intact tissues at the cellular and molecularlevels. We focus on the functions and disorders of the brain and secretory organs.

• The dynamics of synapses in the cerebral cortex, in relation to memory, cognitive

processes and mental disorders.
• Molecular mechanisms of exocytosis in synapses and the islet of Langerhans, andtheir optical control.

Fine structure and function of a central
neuron studied with two-photon excitation
imaging and uncaging

52

Biomedical Materials and Systems ————————————————————————————————
http://park.itc.u-tokyo.ac.jp/tissue/ http://envchem.iis.u-tokyo.ac.jp/ http://www.cdbim.m.u-tokyo.ac.jp/english/index.html

Ushida Lab investigates regenerated cartilage, bone and blood vessel in combination of 3D scaffold
technologies and tissue engineering. We also focus on the elucidation of cellular mechanism of signal transduction evoked by physical stimulations such as stretching,shear and hydrostatic pressure. Sakai Lab tries to develop novel
experimental systems or devices for clinical or diagnostic applications and those for evaluation of environmental impacts on humans
based on the approaches of chemical system engineering and on
cultivation of human organ-derived cells in different scales,
towards the final goal, “human body system engineering”.

• Biodegradable polymers, bioceramics for tissue engineering• Regenerated cartilage, regenerated bone and regenerated blood vessel• Elucidation of signal transduction mechanism responding to physical stimulations• Engineering of human large internal organs• Evaluation of toxicological responses in humans using in vitro model organs• Bioassay-based environmental assessment and management

Tissue Engineering & Organ Engineering

Clinical Biotechnology —————————————————————————————————————————
http://www.bmw.t.u-tokyo.ac.jp/english/index.html http://park.itc.u-tokyo.ac.jp/NBEP/index-en.html http://square.umin.ac.jp/t-e/Nanodevices produced by nanotechnology integrate materials and systems on a nanometer scale,and hold the key to realizing the futuristic medical system that can serve the needed function at
the right time and the right place with minimal invasiveness. Furthermore, nanodevices are expected to become an important interface between basic biomedical science and clinical medicine byfacilitating the translation of basic achievements into clinical applications. Our division wishes to produce revolutionary medical nanodevices based on nanotechnology and thereby to spread the idea of“Nanomedicine” intranationally and internationally.

• Development of nano-scaled carriers of drugs and genes based on polymeric micelles• Functional diagnostic imaging• Pinpoint cancer therapy• Gene therapy• Development of intelligent polymer gel systems responding to external stimuli• Development of highly sensitive bioassay systems based on PEGylated gold

nano-particles• Development of functional cell arrays based on nano-fabrication of polymers• Development of intelligent scaffolds delivering drugs and genes and their application to regenerative medicine

Environmental Health Sciences ———————————————————————————————————
http://www.cdbim.m.u-tokyo.ac.jp/english/index.html

The manifestation of diseases having modulation of advance brain function, endocrine system andimmune system is known to be induced not only by ‘internal environmental’ factors, but also by‘external environmental’ agents such as environmental chemicals. In order to provide scientificbasis for health risk assessment of environmental chemicals by focusing upon children's health, we
implement the mission of our division to characterize possible health effects of environmental hazardous chemicals and to clarify the toxicity mechanism with an integrative spectrum from the individual to molecular levels.

• Elucidation of the mechanism of toxicity of environmental hazardous

chemicals, such as dioxins/PCBs and heavy metals at the molecular andcellular levels• Clarification of the molecular basis of difference in susceptibility to
toxic chemicals among strains of a particular animal species as well as
among different animal species.
• Development and application of toxicity evaluation techniques at whole
body, cells and molecular levels• Development of risk assessment methodology to set up safety guidelines on the environment and food53

Animal Research —————————————————————————————————————————————
http://www.cdbim.m.u-tokyo.ac.jp/english/index.html

All researchers are accountable for paying attention to "3R" in animal experiment. We give theresearchers advice on their animal experiment plans and manage the facility of laboratory animals
so that animal experiments are carried out in consideration of animal welfare. We also teach laboratory animal science to medical undergraduates. Research activities are the development of methods
to detect trace amount of antigen and the study of interaction between host and parasite in protozoan disease.

• Histopathological diagnosis of BSE using nucleic acid signal amplification
technique• Improvement of immuno-PCR technique• Investigation of the malaria redox system using mouse malaria model

Immunofluorescence stain of Golgi apparatus and tightjunction in Vero cells using nucleic acid signal amplification technique.

Radiation Biology ————————————————————————————————————————————
http://www.cdbim.m.u-tokyo.ac.jp/english/index.html

We are investigating the molecular mechanisms of DNA double-strand break repair as the scientificbasis of radiation therapy and chemotherapy in medical oncology. We also promote the basic
research that contributes to the development of a novel therapeutic strategy by examining a link of
the DNA metabolic network including DNA replication and cell
cycle control with chromosome instability.

• Molecular mechanisms of homologous recombinational repair• Mechanisms of the choice between homologous recombination and nonhomologous end-joining• Molecular mechanisms of DNA rereplication• Mechanisms of the genesis of aneuploidy• Functional analysis of meiotic recombination genes

Centrosome fragmentation which may lead to aneuploidy

Research Resources and Support -Bioinformatics —————————————————————
http://www.cdbim.m.u-tokyo.ac.jp/english/index.html

Targeting biomedical research support using information
technologies, our division performs management of theresearch network and the central servers of the Graduate
School of Medicine, and basic research of medical informatics (medical terminology and standardization of medical
vocabularies), privacy and anonymizing of personal information, security of research network, distributed processing
system for medical information.

• Biomedical research support using network system• Standardization of medical vocabularies and coding system• Biomedical terminology and ontology• Security of biomedical research network• Privacy of personal data in medical research• Distributed processing system for medical information using theinternet

54

Computer System for Biomedical Research

55

Central Clinical Facilities

Clinical Laboratory Center ——————————————————————————————————————
http://www.h.u-tokyo.ac.jp/patient/depts/kensa.html

Our main duty is to provide the high-quality results of laboratory tests. We also emphasize the basic
research on laboratory automation and standardization, development and improvement of laboratory tests, and pathophysiological analyses through laboratory tests, as follows.

• Laboratory automation system• Analysis and quantification of cell surface antigens using flow cytometry• Clinical application of genetic analysis of leukemia and drug response

genes• Analysis of bioactive substances, and its application to laboratory
medicine• Analysis of the cardiac function using ultrasound• Relationship between the respiratory function and various pathophysiological conditions• Investigation of brain function using magnetoencephalography
Laboratory automation system

Surgical Center ——————————————————————————————————————————————
http://www.h.u-tokyo.ac.jp/patient/depts/syujutsu.html

Operating rooms were centralized as a surgical center for the first time in Japan, in the surgical ward building of University of Tokyo Hospital on July 1955. The surgical center moved to the new central building on
January 1988. In July 2001,the branch hospital of our university located in Mejiro was closed and joined to
our University Hospital located in Hongo. Furthermore, a new ward building was opened in October 2001.
Since then, the number of operations has been remarkably increasing. Another new central building
including new operating rooms will be constructed in fall 2006. Incidentally, last two years, operations
were performed 7566 in 2003 and 7546 in 2004.
Teaching activities include lectures to the undergraduate and postgraduate medical students as well as
nursing staffs and medical electronics engineers, regarding aseptic techniques, sterilization methods, disinfecion methods, prevention of perioperative infections, humoral and cellular responses to trauma andshock, training of handwashing and gown techniques.

• Safety management in the operating rooms• Efficient management of the operating rooms• Cleaning, Disinfection and Sterilization• Environmental control in the operating rooms• Improvement of cost-effectiveness in the management of surgical center• Perioperative infection control• Precautions of accidental troubles in handling surgical instruments and medical devises• Development of new surgical instruments and medical devises• Three-dimensional processing of visual information
56

University hospital Medical Information Network Center (UMIN Center) ———————
http://www.umin.ac.jp/english/

UMIN is the largest and most versatile academic medical information center in the world with 230 thousands registered medical professionals and 25 million pages per view monthly web accesses .
UMIN is managed by the UMIN Council under the National
University Hospital Association.

• Major information services• Electronic Library for Biomedical Sciences (ELBIS)• Internet Data and Information Center for clinical and epidemiological research(INDICE)• Evaluation system of Postgraduate Clinical training (EPOC)• Web-based Quality Management system of Educational effectiveness (Web-QME)• Major research activities• Information systems for clinical and epidemiological research• Evaluation of medical schools and university hospitals• Library and information science• Network security

57

Pharmacy

Pharmaceutical Department —————————————————————————————————————
http://www.h.u-tokyo.ac.jp/patient/depts/yakuzai.html

Our goal is to provide optimized pharmacotherapy for each patient, by analyzing and predicting
individual pharmacokinetics, drug sensitivity and drug adverse reaction. We are now studying theregulatory mechanism of gene expression/function as well as the genetic polymorphism of drugtransporters, drug metabolizing enzymes and particularly lipid transporters related to life stylerelated diseases.

• Transporters involved in drug absorption / distribution / excretion.
• Transporters involved in lipid homeostasis.
• Analyses of genotype and phenotype of drug metabolizing enzymes and transporters.

• Strategies for accurate prediction of drug disposition, andpharmacokinetic/pharmacodynamic (PK/PD) studies (vancomycin, tacrolimus,
etc)

Therapentic drug monitoring

58

Center

Health Service Center ——————————————————————————————————————————
Health service center provides various annual health-checkups, health counselling and education to
the students and university staff. We also provide clinical services at our outpatient clinics. Our
search divisions are targeting elucidation of predictive factors of various diseases, presymptomatic
diagnosis of fatal diseases and mechanisms of common disorders in young adults.

• Health management• Annual health-checkups for students and the university staff• Health counseling and education• Clinical services at our outpatient clinics, including Internal Medicine,
Psychiatry etc.
• Research divisions• Genetic and MRI diagnosis of cardiovascular diseases• Genetic mechanisms of psychiatric disorders• Predictors of malignancy in the stomach• Hypertensive genes and hemodynamics in the ocular fundi• Genetic analysis of asthma• Immune responses and cardiovascular disorders• Predictors of forthcoming cognitive dysfunction in the elderly

The stepwise-determination of genetic polymorphism
responsible for cardiomyopathy

The International Research Center for Medical Education and Research ————
http://www.ircme.u-tokyo.ac.jp/

The International Research Center for Medical Education was installed as a joint educational study
institution to promote interdisciplinary research on medical education and international cooperative studies in relation to medical education. This center consists of three sections: the medical
educational international cooperation study section: the medical educational international cooperation enterprise plan coordination and information section: and the guest professor section.

• Medical education theory / method• Medical education curriculum / technique / evaluation• Needs of medical educational international cooperation• Strategies for international cooperation in medical education• Evaluation method of international cooperation enterprises in medical
education• International cooperation in the field of medical education, drafting,enforcement• Network formation to promote international cooperation in the field of
medical education• Database development study on international cooperative informationin the field of medical education

Prof. Noel (Oregon Univ.) at his final lecture59

1

Nurce Dormitory

East ClinicalResearch Bldg

ClinicalResearchCenterInpatients' Ward B

ClinicalAmphiteater

Inpatients'
Ward ARI Bldg.

Central Clinical

Hospital Service Bldg.
First
Research
Bldg.

New Central
Clinical Service Bldg.

Administration &Research Bldg.
Outpatient
Clinical Bldg.

Facility Center
Bldg.
No.4

South ClinicalResearch Bldg

MedicalLibrary
International
ResearchCenter for
Medical
Education
International
ResearchCenterBldg. No.2

Center for Disease
Biology andIntegrative
Medicine
Bldg.
No.3
Experimental Research Bldg.

Bldg. No.1

Bldg.
No.5

Annex of
Bldg.
No.3

Nobutaka Hirokawa
Dean, Faculty of Medicine, Graduate School of Medicine
The University of Tokyo
Address:7-3-1, Hongo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo, 113-0033, Japan
http://www.m.u-tokyo.ac.jp

Issued on September 1, 2005