The 2nd International Forum on the Decommissioningof the Fukushima Daiichi Nuclear Power Station

Current Status and Challenges
at Fukushima Daiichi
Decontamination and Decommissioning
＠ Iwaki Washington Hotel
July 3, 2017
Naohiro MASUDA
Chief Decommissioning Officer,
President of Fukushima Daiichi Decontamination andDecommissioning Engineering Company,
Tokyo Electric Power Company Holdings, Inc.

©Tokyo Electric Power Company Holdings, Inc. All Rights Reserved

Fukushima Daiichi (1F) and Daini (2F) Nuclear Power Station
Fukushima
Daiichi Nuclear
Power Station

１Ｆ

【福島県】

10km

Fukushima Daiichi
Nuclear Power
Station【Fukushima Prefecture】

From Tokyo
220km
Fukushima
Daiini Nuclear
Power Station

Hypocenter

東京から
220km

提供：日本スペースイメージング㈱，(C)DigitalGlobe

２Ｆ

Ｊ Viｌｌａｇｅ

ElectricPower
Company Holdings,
Inc. All
RightsReserved.Reserved©Tokyo ©Tokyo
ElectricPower
Company
Holdings,
Inc.
All Rights

1

Today’s Topics
１．Current Status of Fukushima Daiichi NPS
２．Improving Work Environment
３．Fuel Removal from the Spent Fuel Pools
４．Toward Fuel Debris Removal
５．Waste Management
６．Communication with Local Community2１．Current Status of Fukushima Daiichi NPS

T H E F U K U S H I M A F O R U M I V • M A R C H 1 5 - 1 8 , 2 0 1 6 • TO K Y O, J A PA N

3

（１） State of Units 1~4
All reactors are in cold shutdown condition.
Plant parameters including RPV and PCV temperatures are monitored continuously 24 hours/day.
615 assemblies

392 assemblies

566 assemblies

Blowout panel (closed)

Reactor building (R/B)

構台

Reactor ※pressure
vesselIron Frame for
Building coverPrimary
poolfuel pool
Containment Spent fuelSpentvessel
（ＰＣＶ）
(PCV

Fuel
debrisShieldingShielding※

Fuel removal completed

ｸﾛｰﾗｸﾚｰﾝ1533/1533（Dec. 22, 2014）※

安全第一福島第一

Unit 1FHM girder

Fuel removal cover

福島第一安全第一

Values as of 11:00 am on June 9, 2017

Unit 2Temperature
at thebottom ofthe pressure
vesselTemperatureinside thecontainment
vesselFuel pooltemperature

Unit 1

21 ℃

21 ℃

25 ℃

Unit 2

27 ℃

28 ℃

26 ℃

Unit 3

24 ℃

24 ℃

26 ℃

Unit 4－－23 ℃※ Cooling water injection

Unit 3

Unit 4

Reactorcoolant
volume３. ０㎥/hour３．0㎥/hour3. 0㎥/hour－©Tokyo Electric Power Company Holdings, Inc. All Rights Reserved4

（２） Monitoring Level in the Sea
Compared to the situation just after the accident, the current level of radioactivity has been lowered
to parts per hundred thousand, to per million.
The concentrations outside the port are substantially below regulation limits.
Concentration levels decreased further after closure of the sea-side impermeable wall.
Bq/lRegulation Limit
・Cesium 137: 90Bq/L
・Cesium 134: 60Bq/L

Completion of Sea-side
Impermeable Wall
Closure(Oct 26,2015)

1000000

100000

Front of Shallow Draft Quay

10000

Bq/l
1000000

1000

North of Units 5&6 Discharge Outlet

100

10000010

10000Completion of Sea-side
Impermeable Wall
Closure(Oct 26,2015)

1000

1

0.1

0.01
10/11

100

12/4

12/4

11/4

13/4

13/8

14/4

14/12

15/4

16/5

17/4

17/9

16/5

17/4

17/9

16/4

1000000

10
100000

1

10000

In Front of Unit 1-4 water-intake

1000

0.1

100

0.01
10/11

11/4

12/4

12/4

13/8

13/4

14/4

14/12

15/4

16/5

16/4

17/4

17/9

10

1

0.1

Sea-Side
Impermeable Wall

0.01
10/11

11/4

12/4

12/4

13/4

13/8

14/4

14/12

15/4

16/4

1000000
100000

Near South Discharge Outlet

10000

1000

100
10

1

0.1
0.01

10/11
12/4
13/4
12/4
©Tokyo Electric Power Company Holdings, Inc. All11/4
Rights Reserved

13/8

14/4

14/12

15/4

16/5
16/4

17/4

5

17/9

２．Improving Work Environment©Tokyo Electric Power Company Holdings, Inc. All Rights Reserved

6

(１) Location of Sampling and Monitoring Points
In order to make workers feel secure, display monitors showing real-timedose-rate have been placed at the seismic isolation building etc.
Location of sampling points, dust monitors andmonitoring posts
Dust monitors on therefueling floor
Monitoring Post

Dust Monitors
Sampling points in thesea area

Installation of dose-rate monitors
System visualizing real time dose rate in place.
Dose rate display monitors (about 90 points) anddust monitors are placed where workers can easily
access.

N

Unit 1 Unit 2 Unit 3
Unit 4

MP-1

MP-8

MP-7

MP-2
MP-3

MP-4
MP-5

MP-6

©Tokyo Electric Power Company Holdings, Inc. All Rights Reserved

7

（２）Decreasing Site Radiation DoseAs a result of radiation reduction measure, workers don’t have to wear full-face respirator
or half-face respirator anymore in most parts of the site.

Decreasing radiation dose

FY201340 ％FY201477 ％As of Dec. 2015

As of Mar. 2016

89 ％

100 ％
FY2015 Target Achieved: Areaconfirmed
below 5μSv/h

Personal equipment in each zone as of Mar. 2017

Percentage of workers
in each zone

NonRed Zone, response

6.1%

Area where people can work Area where people should workin protective gears
in general uniforms(full-face respirator or half-face(dust mask）
respirator)【95％ of the site】

3.1%

Yellow
Zone
41.1%

GeneralUniform
9.2%

Green
Zone
40.5%

（results from questionnaire in FY2016）©Tokyo Electric Power Company Holdings, Inc. All Rights Reserved

8

（３）Worker Security and New facilities
Currently less than 6,000 persons／day are working on weekdays, which is twice as many as several years
ago.
Facilities such as Contractors’ Office Building and Large Rest House have created the environment where
TEPCO and contractors can address the decommissioning work closely in the vicinity of the site.
Changes in number of workers
New Facilities
Number of workers (TEPCO employees and contractors) per weekday

Large rest house with a capacity of approx. 1,200 workers(since May 2015)
Convenience store and shower rooms began operating(Mar. 2016)
Fukushima Revitalization Meal Service Center
was established in Ohkuma Town ( March 2015)

engaged in work is 5,470 as of Apr. 2017.
Percentage of workers from local area is approx. 55% as of Apr. 2017.

••

Providing warm meals to Fukushima Daiichi
Creation of employment opportunities in Ohkuma Town

Large Rest House

Ensuring stable long-term employment

Change in the average number of workers (actual value) per weekday
in the months following 2013.

Trend of monthly exposure dose ratemSv

It is important to create an environment where workers from contractors
can work over the long term in order to steadily proceed withdecommissioning work for 40 years.
Currently, approximately 90% of orders are fulfilled by negotiatedcontracts, which enables contractors to secure workers in a long term.
By securing long term workers, more deliberate personnel assignmentand human resource development is possible.

Decommissioning through close ties with contractors
Contractors’ Office Building began operating, which has enabled TEPCO
and contractors work closely in the vicinity of the decommissioning site.
On January 19, TEPCO and contractors jointly held a congress to pledge
for no human-caused accident to happen.
TEPCO’s Office building

Congress held by TEPCO
Contractors’ office building
and contractors
Contractors’ logos©Tokyo Electric Power Company Holdings, Inc. All Rights Reserved

9Held on January
19, 2017 after the“Safety Congress”
by TEPCO andcontractors

Held at New Office Building
from May 23 to 25, 2017.
18 contractors（27 teams）
and TEPCO employees（6teams）participated in theplay.

無断複製・転載禁止 東京電力ホールディングス株式会社

10

３． Fuel Removal from the Spent Fuel Pools©Tokyo Electric Power Company Holdings, Inc. All Rights Reserved11（１） Fuel Removal from the Spent Fuel Pool (Unit 4)
Fuel removal started on November 18, 2013.
Removal of 1535 fuel bundles completed on December 22, 2014 as scheduled
No risk from fuel remains at unit 4. This gives confidence to proceed to fuel removal
at units 1, 2 and 3

September 22, 2011

July 5, 2012

Process of removing fuel rods at SFP Unit 4

November 12, 2013: Completionof fuel removal facility(The volume of steel used isequivalent to those of Tokyo
Tower)

Fuel removal was completed
on Dec. 22, 2014.：Major risk
reduction at Fukushima Daiichi©Tokyo Electric Power Company Holdings, Inc. All Rights Reserved

12（２）Fuel Removal from the Spent Fuel Pool (Unit ３)
Removal of large pieces of rubble on the refueling floor and spent fuel pool was completed in 2015.
Decontamination work was completed in June 2016 and shielding was completed in December 2016.
In January 2017, the work for installing fuel removal cover started. Installment of a basis for FuelRemoval Cover started in March and was completed in June. The removal will take place in the
middle of FY2018.

Before removal of large
pieces of rubble

After removal of large
pieces of rubble

Installment of a basis for FuelRemoval Cover

Spent
Fuel
pool

Mar. 2013

Feb. 2016

Jun. 2017【Major Tasks in the Future】①Shielding（complete）②Installing Cover& Fuel Handling
Machine③Undertaking FuelRemoval（Middle of FY2018）※Installing cover started in January 2017
©Tokyo Electric Power Company Holdings, Inc. All Rights Reserved

Fuel removal cover（Drill for installment at Onahama)13

（３） Fuel Removal from the Spent Fuel Pool (Unit 1)
Building cover was installed in Oct. 2011 to prevent dispersion of radioactive materials.
Removal of panels was completed in Nov. 2016 toward removal of spent fuel. Removal of posts andbeams was completed in May. 2017.
Fuel removal will start in FY 2020.

The status in 2011

The current status
Removal of roof panels(Jul. 2015)

Removal of wall panels(Sep. 2016)

Removal of posts
and beams
completed (May. 2017)

Northwest side
(Jun. 2011)

Southeast Side
(Jun. 2011）

Panels removal
completed (Nov. 2016)

Complete installationof building cover(Oct. 2011)
The removed posts and beams to be revamped for
installing windbreak sheets.

【Major Tasks in the Future】①Removalof Panels（Complete）②Removalof rubble③Decontamination④ Shielding⑤Installing Cover& Fuel Handling
Machine⑥Undertaking
Fuel
Removal※Currently investigation of rubble status on the refueling floor is underway©Tokyo Electric Power Company Holdings, Inc. All Rights Reserved

14

４． Toward Fuel Debris Removal©Tokyo Electric Power Company Holdings, Inc. All Rights Reserved

15

（１）Assumed Distribution of Fuel Debris
It is assumed that at Unit 1, almost all fuel debris has dropped to the pedestal.
It is assumed that at Unit 2 and 3 that some of fuel debris has dropped to the bottom of RPV
and the bottom of PCV, while others are likely to have remained in the reactor cores.
At Unit 3, underwater investigation is planned due to the high water level inside PCV.
Distribution of fuel debris is assumed comprehensively based on the analysis of accident
development and the results of the investigation inside each PCV etc.
構台

Unit 1Primary
Containment
Vessel（PCV）
Water
injection

Unit 1

Unit 2

Unit 33号機
Unit 3

Unit 2

ReactorPressure
Vessel（RPV）At the time ofinvestigation,
deposits havebeen found on
the floor .

Probe robot
in Mar. 2017

At the time ofinvestigation,a rise of steam
has been
found

IRID

Probe robot
in Feb. 2017

©Tokyo Electric Power Company Holdings, Inc. All Rights Reserved

Remotely
operated vehicle
in Jul. 201716

(２) Investigation inside the Primary Containment Vessel (Unit 2)
Investigation inside the PCV and at the bottom of the RPV was conducted.(from Jan. toFeb. 2017)
X-6 through-hole was used as a path for devices to go inside.
Equipment at the lower part of the RPV and the grating were observed.

Pre-survey

Survey by a robot

Pedestal

Lower Part of RPV

Guide Pipe
Lower Partof CRD

X-6 through-hole（上側にカメラを向けて撮影）
CRD 堆積物
Deposits
Replacement
CameraDeposits
Rail

IRID

＜Obtained information on radiation level throughrobot exploration＞
ＰＣＶ

Approx.
210Sv/hX-6
through-hole

※

ＲＰＶ
ＣＲＤ

＜Photos taken inside thepedestal ＞
Lower part of CRD

X-6
throughhole

Grating

Distortion of grating

CRD replacement rail
Opening ofPedestalPedestal※ Places where fuel debris is presumed to exist©Tokyo Electric Power Company Holdings, Inc. All Rights Reserved17

(３) Current Radioactive Impact on the Environment
Radiation in the reactors is blocked by iron and reactor buildings.
The measurement of 210Sv/h at the time of Unit 2 PCV investigation on Feb. 16
doesn’t mean that radiation had an impact on the environment.
No change in dose rate has been found after the work.

μSv/h※The data regarding thickness is from Unit1.

PCV investigation

Reactor Pressure Vessel（RPV）
Primary Containment
Vessel（PCV）

Through-holeApprox.0.9～1.2ｍ
Approx.1kｍ

Approx1.7ｍ

Approx.210Sv/h（measured at Unit 2）

Approx.2.6ｍ

Monitoring post
Grating<Reference>

Approx.7.6ｍ(reinforced concrete)

Work area in the vicinity of the through-hole at Unit 2：Approx.0.003～0.007Sv/h（3～7mSv/h）
Max value of monitoring posts：Approx.0.000002Sv/h (2μSv/h）©Tokyo Electric Power Company Holdings, Inc. All Rights Reserved

18

５．Waste Management
７．廃棄物処理©Tokyo Electric Power Company Holdings, Inc. All Rights Reserved

19

(１）Secure Storage of Waste
After incineration and volume reduction, waste will be stored appropriately
based on the storage management plan released on Mar. 31, 2016
Amount of emergence（as of Mar. 2029）
Approx. 750,000ｍ３
Trimmed trees
Incineration
177,000m3

・Trimmed trees
・Used protective
gears etc.
・Combustible
rubblebranch・leaf・・trunk・root

Used protective
gears etc.

2,000m3

coverall・
underwater

More than 1mSv/h(soil cover type etc.)

61,000m3
25,000m3
70,000m3
concrete・
metal・burnable

0.005～0.1mSv/h（outdoor accumulation） 185,000m3
Less than 0.005mSv/h(outdoor accumulation)

42,000m3
90,000m3

197,000m3

concrete・
metal・burnable

30,000m3

Target:Volume reduction toless than 10%

concrete・
metal・burnable

0. 1～1mSv/h(sheet curing)

After reduction andincineration
Approx. 400,000ｍ３

91,000m3
18,000m3

3,000m3

Volume reduction

・Metals
・Concrete
4,000m3

Additional solid
waste storage
facility
NO.10～

Approx.164,000m3
62,000m3

Target:Volume reduction to 50%

4,000m3

175,000m3

Contaminatedsoil

Existing solid
waste storage
facility
No.１～8・NO.9

Recycle considered
Tentative storage
facility forcontaminated soil

61,000m3©Tokyo Electric Power Company Holdings, Inc. All Rights Reserved

20

（２）Blueprint in the Future
Image of the establishment of systems and facilities
Additional solid waste
storages No. 10 through13 buildings
Additional incineration
facilities

Tentative storage
facilities forcontaminated soil

Incinerator
pretreatment
systemMiscellaneous solid
waste incineration
facility

Unit 6

Unit 5Large waste
storage facility
Volume reduction
facility system

Current Status (June 2０, 2017)©Tokyo Electric Power Company Holdings, Inc. All Rights Reserved21

６. Communication with Local Community©Tokyo Electric Power Company Holdings, Inc. All Rights Reserved22

（１） Reflection on the Issues Discussed in the 1st Forum
Practitioners and Experts in communication discussed how to improve
communication with local community.
TEPCO received suggestions such as importance of two-way
communication.
【TEPCO‘s efforts for the last 1year】【Participation in meetings held by local
municipalities】【Issues discussed in the 1st Forum】
Communicating in a honest andinformation(Examples of topics)
・Works toward spent fuel removal at Unit 3・Formation of frozen soil wall, Removal ofresidual water in the buildings

Participating and cooperating in decision【Site visits for Fukushima people】① transparent manner by transmitting all② making by local people①②③③ Two-way communication【Communication with students at R&D
facilities】

Translating technical jargon into easy-④ to-understand words

Providing places for learning and⑤ experiencing

・Officials of local municipalities
・Members of private organizations
・Fukushima High School students⑤

Transmitting information based on what

⑥ people want to know④⑥

・Robot contest （Dec. 2016)
・Dialogue with high school student from outside
Fukushima（Dec. 2016)
・A new organization to be established tocommunicate with local Univ. students. （2017）【Improvement of information sharing
through new contents】
・Provision of real time data on the Web
・New videos featuring people’s interest・New leaflet “Hairomichi”©Tokyo Electric Power Company Holdings, Inc. All Rights Reserved23

（２） Dialogue and Consensus Formation with Local Municipalities

Briefings

Explanation at public meeting
Status Updates with regards todecommissioning are given to
the public at the regular public
meetings called “Kenmin Kaigi”
hosted by Fukushima
Prefecture
Opinions to TEPCO have beenreflected to decommissioning
measures

Briefings are held on the issueof great concern to residents

Attendance at other regular public
meetings called “Anzen Kanshi
Kyogikai” set up by Fukushima
Governor.
Confirmation of safety at
Fukushima Daiichi and information
sharing with related organizations
have been implemented.

Explanation on :• The current state ofdismantling the Unit 1building cover• Overview of the training
yard facility in Hirono
Town【Briefing held in Hirono Town】（December 2015）

Left：Ishizaki, Former Representative of the
55 th “Anzen Kanshi Kyogikai”
Fukushima Revitalization Headquarters（June. 2017）
Right：Masuda, Chief Decommissioning Officer, Source: Fukushima Pref.
President of Fukushima Daiichi Decontamination
and Decommissioning Engineering Company

Participants: 29©Tokyo Electric Power Company Holdings, Inc. All Rights Reserved24

(３) Two-way Communications with Local Residents～Invitation to Site Visits～

Invitation of the prefectural government officials etc. have led to theincrease of percentage of visitors from within the prefecture.
In November 2016, students under 18（from Fukushima High School）
visited Fukushima Daiichi for the first time
As a first step toward upgrade of site visits，TEPCO has moved its activity
base from J Village in Naraha Town to a PR hall in Tomioka Town.
TEPCO aims to increase the number of site visitors to 20,000/y by Tokyo
Olympics.
【FY2014】
Overseas

15％

From within
Fukushima
prefecture22％【FY2015】
Overseas

13％

From within
Fukushima
prefecture28％

Outside of
Fukushima Prefecture

Outside of
Fukushima Prefecture

64％

59％

【4,727】【6,723】【Examples ofcomments received】“Decommissioning is
Overseas
From withina big undertaking
Fukushima
9％
prefecture
done with the
cutting edge
31％
Outside oftechnology”
Fukushima Prefecture“Seeing is believing”
59％“Every time I visited
Fukushima Daiichi,【9,183】
I was able to findsome progress”【FY2016】【Number of Site Visitors】

More than 28,000 visitors since the accident (as of the end of FY 2016)©Tokyo Electric Power Company Holdings, Inc. All Rights Reserved

25

（４）Related Facilities and Nurturing of Next Generation
TEPCO cooperates in the operation of R＆Ｄ facilities the national
government is investing in. It reflects so called “Innovation Coast
Initiative” which aims to revitalize Fukushima in terms of industry.
In addition to supporting “Hairo Sozo Robocon” (robot contest）, TEPCO istrying to establish a contact point with local university students.

New Facilities for Ｒ＆Ｄ (JAEA)
Radioactive SubstanceAnalysis, Research Facility(Ohkuma)・Analysis of fuel debris andother materials

Decommissioning
International Collaborative
Investigation Center（Tomioka）

Robot Contest
・The contest was held at Remote
Technology Development Center in Dec,
2016.
・15 teams from 13 technical colleges
around the country joined the contest
・TEPCO supported the contest by sending
off a judge etc.
・The 2nd contest will be held in Dec. 2017.

・Integration of R＆D and HR
development
・Center of world excellence
・TEPCO staff to work there tocommunicate with the local
students

Remote Technology
Development Center（Naraha）

・For development and deploymentof remote control devices

Dialogue with high School students ・TEPCO cooperated in a trial tour for educational purpose organizedfrom outside Fukushima
by Fukushima Prefecture and discussed decommissioning and revitalization.
©Tokyo Electric Power Company Holdings, Inc. All Rights Reserved

26

（５）Improvement of information sharing through new contents
TEPCO reviewed its website so that the real time data of radioactive dose at eachobservatory can be easily accessible.
TEPCO released new videos where “Risk Communicators” respond to the interests ofpeople.
In a new magazine, TEPCO focuses on understandability and familiarity by featuringpersons in local or educational communities who are engaged in the decommissioning
work.
Information sharing through website
Information Magazine＜Real time data on radioactivity ＞＜An explanatory video by“Risk Communicators” ＞“１Ｆ”“Hairo Michi”（first published in Apr. 2017）©Tokyo Electric Power Company Holdings, Inc. All Rights Reserved27

In Conclusion
For Fukushima Revitalization• Proceed with decommissioning
work steadily in a stable manner• Dialogue with local people with integrity
and humility while resolving theirconcerns in a respectful manner28

Thank you for your kind attention.

©Tokyo Electric Power Company Holdings, Inc. All Rights Reserved29