Application Notes

MPM Series

Energy-Saving Power Module Series／25W Class Power Module

Rev.1.0
May, 2016

Outline
The MPM Energy-Saving Power Module Series is a series of energy-saving switching power modules withbuilt-in switching transformers, control ICs, control circuits and switching elements (FET).
Attaching the input noise filter, the input rectifier diode and the output smoothing capacitor externally enables theeasy creation of power switching with high-efficiency, low-standby power.

Features・ Quasi-resonant operations for high efficiency.
・ Operations using both frequency reduction and bursts for generation of low-standby power.
・ Supports worldwide input and PFC output voltages (Vin: DC100V to 420V)・ Reinforced insulation between Primary and Secondary (AC3000V guaranteed for one minute).
・ Resin filling is available to reduce audible noise.
・ Compliant with all required safety standards for information equipment, AV equipment, industrial equipment, andhome appliance equipment.
・ Various built-in protection functions (overcurrent, overvoltage and overheating protection).

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MPM Series Application Notes
1.

Selecting Externally Connected Equipment
The example of application circuits and parts value which are indicated to this application note aim at assistanceof a design. Therefore, external parts variation or user operating conditions are not fully taken into consideration.
Please take parts variation, operating conditions into consideration when designing.

1.1

Application Circuits●With FG (Class I Power Supply)●Without FG (Class II Power Supply)

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MPM Series Application Notes
1.2

Parts example
Part

Output Specifications
5V **A

12V 2.0A

M101

MPM1220SJ

F101

250V 2.0A time lag

TH101

5Ω～10Ω

15V **A

L101
L201

2.2μH～10μH /4.0A

C101

0.1μF～0.22μF /250V

C102

450V 82μF

C103

100pF～2200pF classⅡ

C104

100pF～2200pF classⅡ

C105,C106

470pF～2200pF classⅠ

C201

25V 680μF ×2

C202

25V 100μF

C203

1kV 0.022μF

R101

3.3MΩ 500V

Part

Output Specifications
24V **A

36V 0.75A

M101

MPM3608SJ

F101

250V 2.0A time lag

TH101

5Ω～10Ω

48V **A

L101
L201

2.2μH～10μH /1.5A

C101

0.1μF～0.22μF /250V

C102

450V 82μF

C103

100pF～2200pF classⅡ

C104

100pF～2200pF classⅡ

C105,C106

330pF～2200pF classⅠ

C201

63V 270μF

C202

63V 100μF

C203

1kV 0.022μF

R101

3.3MΩ 500V

※C102 assuming the rated output power as the maximum power.

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MPM Series Application Notes
1.3

AC input

DC output

When using an AC input connector and DC output connector, pay attention to the rated voltage and rated
current of the connector.
Consider the input voltage, withstand voltage and safety standard demanded values and provide a clearance
between AC input connector pins.

1.4

Fuse (F101)

Since a fuse is not built into the module (M101), always install a fuse at the Live side to ensure safety.
Select the fuse by considering the normal current, in-rush current, ambient temperature, and other conditions.
(Discharge the capacitors in the circuit fully and consider the conditions at which the circuit impedance is lowest
when there is a thermistor or other element whose resistance value changes with temperature.)①Select a rated current of 2 or more times the normal current.
②Consider the rated current rate of change by ambient temperature.(At high temperature: Rated voltage drops)③Check that the in-rush current and normal current are within the blowout characteristic curve of the fuse.
④Select a fuse so that in-rush current and normal current can take sufficient margin to a fuse permission I2t
curve.
A required margin is subject to the influence by temperature conditions, and the influence of the number oftimes of incoming current which occurs in an expected life. We recommend you to ask a fuse maker a proper
margin.
In order to share an input line and an input electrolytic capacitor with another converter, when selecting a fusewith the high fusing current characteristic, and a high-capacity electrolytic capacitor, there is a case which afuse does not blow out at the time of abnormalities.
Please perform a safety check enough in such a case.

1.5

Noise filter （C101,C103,C104,C105,C106,C203,L101)

1.5.1 C101:X capacitor (Across-the-line capacitor)
・ Select the rated voltage matched to the input voltage specifications.
・ Use a safety standard approved product of each country.
1.5.2 C103,C104,C105,C106,C203： Y capacitor (Line bypass capacitor)・
Use a safety standard approved product of each country.
・Be careful of the leakage current specified by each safety standard.
・With a Class II power supply, when connecting directly between the primary and secondary, use a reinforced
insulation product (Y1 class approved).
・C203 does not require a safety standard approved product, but since the withstand test voltage applied
between the primary and secondary is divided and applied according to the overall capacitance of C105 andC106 and the capacitance of C203, pay careful attention to the rated voltage.
・
1.5.3 L101：Common mode choke coil・ Be careful to confirm the rated temperature specified by the wire type and the bobbin insulation used in thecommon choke coil

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MPM Series Application Notes
1.6

X capacitor discharge resistance (R101）

The voltage immediately before cutoff is charged in the X capacitor even when the input line is in cutoff status.
With a device at which parts of the same voltage as the X capacitor may be touched, a discharge resistor isnecessary according to the capacity of the X capacitor.
Example) IEC60950: When the X capacitor capacitance 0.1µF is exceeded; the time constant shall be 1 or less.
X capacitor capacitance：0.22uF

1≧R101・0.22×10-６
R≦4.5MΩIn addition, calculate the X capacitor voltage after t seconds from input line cutoff from the following expression
and check that there is no problem.
Vt： X capacitor voltage t seconds from input cutoff
Vt=Vo（１－e-t/CR)
Vo： Effective input voltage X√2
C： X capacitor capacitance
R： Discharge resistor value
e： Base of natural logarithm （≒2.71828）

1.7

Rectifying diode(D101)

Always perform full-wave rectification using a bridge diode or general rectifying diodes (use 4 diodes).
When selecting parts, pay attention to the rated voltage, rated current, and temperature rise.
Check that the in-rush current does not exceed the peak surge current and I2t specification of the rectifying
diode.
(Discharge the capacitors in the circuit fully and consider the conditions at which the circuit impedance is lowest
when there is a thermistor or other element whose resistance value changes with temperature.)

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MPM Series Application Notes
1.8

Surge current prevention（TH101)

When input power is applied, an in-rush current which charges the input smoothing electrolytic capacitor flows.
An in-rush current that is too large will cause the power supply voltage to become unstable and may affect thedevices which share the power supply. The fuse and rectifying diodes used may also be damaged.
When using a power thermistor to suppress the surge current, select it by paying attention to the following:①Be sure that the temperature is within the operating temperature range of the thermistor.
②Since the characteristic is such that a rated current drop accompanies a temperature rise, check the highest
temperature of the thermistor and that the load current (power supply input current) is the rated current orless at the highest temperature.
③With a power thermistor, the relationship between the maximum value of the usable input voltage (rms) and thecapacitance of the input smoothing electrolytic capacitor are set. Check that the relationship between the input
voltage (rms) and input smoothing electrolytic capacitor is not a problem with the thermistor used.
④Since a power thermistor has a large thermal time constant and its resistance value remains low after the input
is tripped, when the input is repeatedly turned on and off, the surge current cannot be controlled. When using
under this condition, check that the effect, etc. on the fuse, bridge diode, and input power supply are no
problem.
The surge current calculation expression is:
As the calculation result is only a reference, conduct a thorough check using actual equipment.
・AC input ：Inrush Current（peak value） ： Vin ( rms)  2 (R TH101  R L )I2t ： Vin (rms) 2  C102 (R TH101  R L )・DC input
Inrush Current（peak value） ： Vin (dc ) ( R TH101  R L )I2t ： Vin (dc) 2  C102 2(R TH101  R L )RL：Line impedance (Ω)
RTH101：Thermistor resistance (Ω) at 25℃
C102：electrolytic capacitor（F）

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MPM Series Application Notes
1.9

Input smoothing electrolytic capacitor（C102)

The input smoothing electrolytic capacitor has a large effect on the characteristics and life of the product.
Select the capacitor by paying attention to the following:①Install the capacitor very close to the module (M101) and use a wide pattern to connect M101.

A triangle wave high frequency current
flows. Make the wiring wide and short.
②Follow the instructions below to determine the capacitance of the electrolytic capacitors according to the input
voltage to be used.
1) AC 100 V input, worldwide input
Determine the capacitance of the electrolytic capacitors so that the average voltage is equal to or higher than thelower limit of the input voltage, and so that the minimum ripple voltage is equal to or higher than the lower limit of
the input ripple voltage.
Make sure that the peak voltage of the ripple voltage does not exceed the input voltage range. Take the variationin capacitance and the capacitance reduction due to aging into consideration when selecting the capacitance.

Input
voltage(VDC)

Average voltage

Ripple voltage
リップル電圧Minimum
ripple voltage
リップル電圧最小値

平均電圧

Input voltage range
入力電圧範囲(Refer to the datasheet)(データシート参照)
入力リップル電圧下限値
Lower limit of the input ripple voltage(データシート参照)(Refer to the datasheet)

時間（ｔ）
Time(t)Datesheet・・・「http://www.tamura-ss.co.jp/electronics/en/powermodule/ 」

2) AC 200 V input
Determine the capacitance of the electrolytic capacitors so that the average voltage is equal to or higher than
240 V, and so that the minimum ripple voltage is equal to or higher than 215 V.
Make sure that the peak voltage of the ripple voltage does not exceed the input voltage range.
Take the variation in capacitance and the capacitance reduction due to aging into consideration when selecting thecapacitance.

Input
voltage(VDC)

Average voltage
平均電圧

Ripple voltage
リップル電圧Minimum
ripple voltage
リップル電圧最小値

入力電圧範囲Input voltage range
240VDC～420VDC
240VDC～420VDC
入力リップル電圧下限値
Lower limit of the input ripple voltage
215VDC

215VDC

時間（ｔ）
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MPM Series Application Notes
The capacitance of the electrolytic capacitors can be estimated using the formulae below.
The value calculated using the formulae is the minimum required capacitance. Take into consideration variations in thecapacitance of the electrolytic capacitors to be used and reductions in the capacitance due to aging.
As the calculation result is only a reference, conduct a thorough check using actual equipment.
100 V input/WW input ・・・

C102(min)  4  K  Io(max) (5  f  (2  Vin min(rms ) 2  75 2 ))(reference for the minimum ripple voltage)And

C102(min)  K  Io(max) (5  f 100  ( 2  Vin min(rms )  100))(reference for the average voltage)

200 V input

・・・

C102(min)  4  K  Io(max) (5  f  (2 Vin min(rms) 2  2152 ))(reference for the minimum ripple voltage)And

C102(min)  K  Io(max) (5  f  240  ( 2  Vin min(rms )  240))(reference for the average voltage)
Vinmin(rms)：Minimum effective input voltage(Vrms)
ｆ：Commercial power frequency（Hz）
Io(max)：Maximum output current in use(A)K：Coefficient (varies depending on model. Refer to the following.)
MPM05**SJMPM1220SJ

MPM15**SJ

MPM24**SJ

MPM3608SJ

MPM48**SJ

TBD

13.8

TBD

TBD

40.3

TBD

③Calculate the guaranteed life of the electrolytic capacitor and check that there is no problem.
Since the life calculation expression is different depending on the capacitor manufacturer and type, requesting
life calculation by the manufacturer of the capacitor used is recommended.
Generally, life can be calculated by using the temperature and ripple current of the electrolytic capacitor.
1)Electrolytic capacitor temperature
The temperature at which the temperature on the body of the electrolytic capacitor is maximum is measured
and is made a life calculation parameter.
2) Ripple current
For AC input, a charging current (IL) and discharging current (IH) flow in the input smoothing electrolytic
capacitor. These currents are measured individually and frequency correction is performed on IH and it ismade a life calculation parameter as 120Hz ripple current.
Charging current (low frequency)

Discharging current (high frequency)

Effective value: IL (rms)

Effective value: IH (rms)

AC input

The ripple current (I120) frequency corrected to 120Hz is calculated from the following expression:

I120 (rms)  I L (rms) 2  (I H (rms)  fc) 2
fc: Frequency correction coefficient (Refer to the electrolytic capacitor catalog.)
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MPM Series Application Notes
For stable DC input, the ripple current by high frequency charging/discharging current is assumed for input
electrolytic capacitor.

Input current: IDC (ms)DC

The ripple current of an electrolytic capacitor is a triangle wave high frequencycurrent with the input current(DC current) made the average value. Ripple current is calculated as follows:
Discharging current (Idis)

Charging current (Ich)

Iripple  Idis 2  Ich 2
1.10

Output smoothing electrolytic capacitor（C201)

The output smoothing electrolytic capacitor has a large effect on the characteristics and life of the product.
Select the electrolytic capacitor by paying attention to the following:①Install the capacitor very close to the module (M101) and use a wide pattern to connect M101.

Triangle wave high frequency current flows.
Make the wiring wide and short.

②Use an electrolytic capacitor with good frequency characteristics and low impedance.
Output ripple and noise and rise time may be affected depending on the ESR and ESL and wiring impedance ofthe capacitor.

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MPM Series Application Notes③If the capacitance is too large, the overcurrent protection function may operate and the rise may be faulty at
startup. A recommended value is shown in the following table.
Please ask us, when the capacity more than the following table is required.
Recommendation capacitanceModel

CR modeCC mode

MPM05**SJ

TBD

TBD

MPM1220SJ≦12000μF≦10000μF

MPM15**SJ

TBD

TBD

MPM24**SJ

TBD

TBD

MPM3608SJ≦1500μF≦1000μF

MPM48**SJ

TBD

TBD

④Since abnormal oscillation may occur by large phase delay if a capacitor with a very small ESR such as atantalum capacitor or multilayer ceramic capacitor is used, use an electrolytic capacitor.
⑤The following rated voltage is recommended.
・MPM05**SJ ： Rated voltage 10V or more
・MPM1220SJ ： Rated voltage 25V or more
・MPM15**SJ ： Rated voltage 25V or more
・MPM24**SJ ： Rated voltage 35V or more
・MPM3608SJ ： Rated voltage 63V or more
・MPM48**SJ ： Rated voltage 80V or more
⑥Calculate the guaranteed life of the electrolytic capacitor and check that there is no problem.
Since the life calculation expression is different depending on the capacitor manufacturer and type, requesting
life calculation by the manufacturer of the capacitor used is recommended.
Life can be calculated by using the temperature and ripple current of the electrolytic capacitor, the same as the
input smoothing electrolytic capacitor.
1) Electrolytic capacitor temperature
The temperature at which the temperature on the body of the electrolytic capacitor is maximum is measured
and is made a life calculation parameter.
2) Ripple current
A high frequency ripple current by charging/discharging current flows in the input electrolytic capacitor.
The ripple current is calculated by splitting it into the top (charging current) and bottom(discharging current) of
output current (Io).
Charging current (Ich)

Discharging current (Idis)

Iripple  Idis 2  Ich 2
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MPM Series Application Notes⑦When planning to split the ripple current by using multiple electrolytic capacitors,be sure that ripple current
measurement does not cause an unbalance.

When current measurement leads, etc. are installed only

When the capacitor whose current is not to be measured

to the capacitor to be measured, the impedance is

has the same impedance as the capacitor to be measured,

unbalanced and accurate measurement is not possible.

accurate measurement is possible.

1.11

LCπ type filter（L201,C202)

Output ripple voltage reduction is possible to a certain degree by using a low impedance electrolytic capacitor at
C201. However, the addition of a one-stage LCπ type filter is effective in lowering the output ripple voltage
more.
①Since a ripple current equivalent to C201 may flow depending on the impedance of L201, check the ripple
current,temperature rise, and life of C202 also.
②Triangle wave high frequency current also flows in L201. Check that L201 is not saturated at the peakcurrent.
In addition, consider the DC resistance of L201 and check that there is no problem with temperature rise.

High frequency current also flows in L201 and C202.
Check that L201 is not saturated even at Ip.

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MPM Series Application Notes
2.

Protection function

2.1

Overcurrent protection function

An overcurrent protection function is provided as protection when an output short circuit or overload occurs.
The operation mode is automatic reset operation.

出力電圧

Output Voltage

Overload detected

Automatic reset operation
Intermittent operation in low power region
Output current

・Automatic reset operation
In the output short circuit and overload states, intermittent operation is performed in the low power region.
Operation is automatically reset to normal operation when the short circuit or overload is removed.

2.2

Overvoltage protection function

An overvoltage protection function is provided to prevent damage by impression of an overvoltage onto the load.
The operation mode is latch operation.
When the overvoltage protection circuit operated, it is reset by turning off the input and then turning on the input
again.
Reset time changes with input electrolytic capacity, input voltage, etc.
Avoid impressing a voltage onto the output terminals from the outside by wrap around from overvoltage
operation check and the load side at receiving inspection because it may cause damage.
Overvoltage operation check is a method that checks operation by changing the resistance value of Vref.
For more information, please contact us.

2.3

Overheating protection function

An overheating protection function is provided to prevent damage, smoke generation, etc. if the moduletemperature becomes abnormally high for some reason.
The operation mode is latch operation.
When the overheating protection function operated, it is reset by cutting off the input and then turning on the
input again.
Please insure the cause of the over-heat condition is removed prior to resetting the system.

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MPM Series Application Notes
3.

Startup time adjustment
The startup time at which the output voltage rises to 90% of the specified output voltage after input power isfirst applied is set as follows:
Input voltage (VDCin)

Output voltage

Startup time(ts)The startup time can be adjusted by connecting an external resistor and capacitoras follows:
Connect capacitor C to Vcc (pin 4) and VIN(-) (pin 3) of M101.
Use a capacitor C with a rated voltage of 35V or more.
When using an electrolytic capacitor, check the temperature rise and life.

Startup time[ms]

600
500
400
300
200
100
0
0

20

40

60

80

100

Added capacitor C[uF]

4.

Pattern design precautions

4.1 Main current line
Since the input current, output current, and high frequency current flow in the bold line parts of the connection
diagram (figure below), make the pattern wide and short.

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MPM Series Application Notes
4.2 Input and output capacitors
Install the input smoothing capacitor (C102) and output capacitor (C201) close to M101.
If more than one output capacitor is to be used, all the capacitors must be of the same type and be placed in thesame location so that they are not affected by circuit patterns.
When there is a PFC output capacitor and a separate inverter smoothing capacitor, these capacitors can beshared. However, when the distance is long, the input smoothing capacitor only for M101 must be installed near
M101. In addition, when the pattern from the output terminals and load of M101 is narrow and long, make thepattern wide thick and short because it had an effect on output accuracy.

Example of a good pattern

Example of a bad pattern

Secondary side

Primary side

Secondary side

Primary side

4.3 Pattern prohibited area
When a double sided circuit board is used, do not provide a pattern directly below M101 of the parts side of thecircuit board. If there is a pattern directly below M101 of the parts side, the insulation distance between the
primary and secondary sides will not meet the specified value and safety cannot be ensured.

The installation prohibited area of primary parts and secondary parts is shown in the figure below.
Do not install parts inside the dotted lines.

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MPM Series Application Notes
ZZ5.

Noise filter layout precautions

When a noise filter (X capacitor, choke) is located near the module, the original noise reduction effect may not
be produced and noise reduction may become difficult.
Make the distance between noise filter and module long.
Electrolytic

Electrolytic capacitor

Choke

Bridge diodeBridge diodeChoke

X capacitor

capacitor
ModuleModuleInstalling a bridge diode and electrolytic capacitor
between noise filter and module is recommended.

X capacitor

Example of good layout

Example of bad layout

6.

Recommended hole diameter, land, and pin pitch

・Parts side view
・Numbers with a circle are pin numbers
To provide strength against vibrationand dropping, provide lands at all pins and solder.

Unit : mm

7.

Recommended soldering conditions (lead-free solder)①Flow soldering: 255±3 ℃ 5 seconds or less②Soldering iron: 350℃(MAX) 4 seconds or less

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MPM Series Application Notes
8.

Output derating

Load factor (%)

When the ambient temperature exceeds +50℃, reduce the output power in accordance with the output derating
chart below.
When the ambient temperature is affected by the heat generated by surrounding components, then the ambient
temperature measurement point must be made in proximity to the heat generating components as shown below
When there are no heat generating parts nearby, make the temperature 20mm from the module and 20mm above
the circuit board the ambient temperature.

Ambient temperature (°C)

Ambient temperature measurement point when there are heat generating parts nearby
Ambient temperature

Ambient temperature

measurement point

measurement point

周囲温度測定箇所
Heat

発熱
部品
parts

Heat

generating

Moduleモジュール

generating
parts

ModuleAmbient temperature measurement point when there is no effect of heating generating part
Ambient temperature

Ambient temperature

measurement point

measurement point

周囲温度測定箇所

Moduleモジュールの中心のExtended line of center延長線of module

モジュール
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MPM Series Application Notes
Important notice●The content of this manual is subject to change without prior notice for the purpose of improvements, etc.
Ensure that you are in possession of the most up-to-date information when using this product.
●The operation examples and circuit examples shown in this manual are for reference purposes only, and Tamura
Corporation disclaims all responsibility for any violations of industrial property rights, intellectual property rights
and any other rights owned by Tamura Corporation or third parties that these may entail.
●The circuit examples and part constants listed in these specifications are provided as reference for theverification of characteristics. You are to perform design, verification, and judgment at your own responsibility,
taking into account the various conditions.
●TAMURA Corporation constantly strives to improve quality and reliability, but malfunction or failures are boundto occur with some probability in power products. To ensure that failures do not cause accidents resulting ininjury or death, fire accidents, social damage, and so on, you are to thoroughly verify the safety of theirdesigns in devices and/or systems.
●This product is intended for use in consumer electronics (electric home appliances, business equipment,
information equipment, communication terminal equipment, measuring devices, and so on.) If considering use ofthis product in equipment or devices that require high reliability (medical devices, transportation equipment,
traffic signal control equipment, fire and crime prevention equipment, aeronautics and space devices, nuclear
power control, fuel control, in-vehicle equipment, safety devices, and so on), please consult a TAMURA sales
representative in advance. Do not use this product for such applications without written permission fromTAMURA Corporation.
●This product is intended for use in environments where consumer electronics are commonly used.
It is not designed for use in special environments such as listed below, and if such use is considered, you
are to perform thorough safety and reliability checks at your own responsibility.
- Use in liquids such as water, oil, chemical solutions, or organic solvents, and use in locations where the productwill be exposed to such liquids- Use that involves exposure to direct sunlight, outdoor exposure, or dusty conditions- Use in locations where corrosive gases such as salt air, C12, H2S, NH3, SO2, or NO2, are present- Use in environments with strong static electricity or electromagnetic radiation- Use that involves placing inflammable material next to the product- Use of this product either sealed with a resin filling or coated with resin- Use of water or a water soluble detergent for flux cleaning- Use in locations where condensation is liable to occur●This product is not designed to resist radiation.
●This product is not designed to be connected in series or parallel.
Do no operate this product in a series, parallel, or N+1 redundant configuration.
●The content of this manual may not be transferred or copied without prior written permission.

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MPM Series Application Notes●Do not use or otherwise make available the TAMURA products or the technology described in this document
forany military purposes, including without limitation, for the design, development, use, stockpiling or
manufacturing of mass destruction weapons (e.g. nuclear, chemical, or biological weapons or missile technology
products). When exporting and re-exporting the products or technology described in this document, you should
comply with the applicable export control laws and regulations and follow the procedures required by such laws
and regulations including, without limitation, Japan -Foreign Exchange and Foreign Trade Control Law and
U.S.- Export Administration Regulations. The TAMURA products and related technology should not be used foror incorporated into any products or systems whose manufacture, use, or sale is prohibited under any
applicable domestic or foreign laws or regulations.
●Please contact your TAMURA sales office for details as to environmental matters such as the RoHS
compatibility of Product. Please use TAMURA products in compliance with all applicable laws and regulations
that regulate the inclusion or use of controlled substances, including without limitation, the EU RoHS Directive.
TAMURA assumes no liability for damages or losses occurring as a result of your noncompliance with applicablelaws and regulations.
●TAMURA assumes no liability for damages or losses incurred by you or third parties as a result of
unauthorized use of TAMURA products.
●This document and any information herein may not be reproduced in whole or in part without prior written
permission from TAMURA.

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