阿波ライフ

258

AWA LIFE

A monthly newsletter for the international residents of Tokushima Prefecture, produced
by TOPIA, the Tokushima Prefectural International Exchange Association.

January

Toppy - new year, newgame

あけましておめでとうございます !

Tortuga by Erin Lamoreux

258
January

awa life

Toppy - new year, newgameThis month in Awa Life
1

Tortuga3

Are You a Falcon or a Fox?

Erin Lamoreux

Adam Black

5150 Years of Friendship7

Hajimemashite

8

Japanese Lesson

9

Letter from Suketo Hoikuen

Martin Rathmann

Austin Smith

Yoko Koyama

Kazue Inoue

10 News & Events
12 Memoranda

editor's page
Howdy Tokers,
Welcome to 2012! In case you didn't
know, this happens to be the Chinese
astrological year of the dragon, hence
the amazing dragon illustration on thefront of this month's issue, so kindly donated by mygood friend Erin. I am excited to see what this means
for the coming year...third degree burn injuries?
Anyway, we ﬁrst have a delightful article from
Adam about the recent Shikoku Field Day event, inwhich my team actually won the dragon animus.
Coincidence? If this confuses you, as I think it must,then read his article to learn more!
We also have a report from Martin on his
adventures with the recent inﬂux of Germandelegations in Tokushima, as well as a commentaryfrom Austin on changes in Japanese nomenclature.
Eat your heart, and have a happy new year!
Best,
Sarah

awa life

is a monthly publication of the Tokushima Prefectural
International Exchange Association (TOPIA).
Tokushima Prefectural International
Exchange Association (TOPIA)〒 770-0831
Tokushima City, Terashima Honcho Nishi 1-61
Clement Plaza 6F
Tel
088-656-3303
Fax 088-652-0616
Email topia@topia.ne.jp
HP www.topia.ne.jp
An electronic version of Awa Life is also available fordownload from the TOPIA homepage.

2

TOPIA

are you a falcon or a fox?

Shikoku JETs cometogether for some
Field Day fun

Adam Black“ROCK,
PAPER,SCISSORS,SHOOT!”
Time, for a moment, is frozen.
Two teams face off across acentral line, staring at their hands.
I, for one, am thinking, We threw
scissors. They threw rock. Thatmeans…we won? Wait, that’s
not right. Wait, NO NO NO—
And then my teammates and
I are running, nay, sprinting to
avoid the grasping arms of our
opponents, desperate to reachour safe zone before we can betagged. For to be tagged is to beconverted, conscripted to servein the unholy army pursuing us.
Never mind that some of us started
out on that team—now we'reon this team, dammit, and we're
not going to let this other teamabsorb us just because we threw
the wrong symbol. So we run.
Rock-Paper-Scissors was justone of nine games that comprised
Shikoku Field Day, held on
November 26th on the fields at
Shikoku Saburo no Sato. Almosta hundred people, some fromthe JET community and some
not, showed up from all four
prefectures of Shikoku (plus a few
from outside our lovely island).
The participants played gamesin the afternoon, barbecued in
the evening, and partied in thecabins once the night got chilly.

TOPIA

Explaining the rules of Rock, Paper, Scissors...with a twist, photo by Harry Stoneley

Some of us even managed tosqueeze in a few hours’ sleep.
Shikoku Field Day wasconceived out of two desires:to create an event that would
bring together JETs from allover Block 8 (or “Shikoku,” if
you're not into the JET Program's
dystopian naming conventions),
and to hold a sporting eventthat wouldn't punish people(like me!) for being mediocre
at sports. Instead of soccer orrugby, we played the abovementioned Rock-Paper-Scissors,
Hunker (tug-of-war, on stools,
with just two people), Human

Pyramids, Catch the Dragon’s Tail(a mix between flag football anda conga line), Sumo, Capture theFlag, Slaughter (more aptly-named
than I’d intended), Stand-Off (ashoving match with rules), andKnots (like holding hands, but morestressful). Instead of choosing awinning team based on the numberof victories, I assigned each teama spirit animal—falcon, monkey,
tiger, dragon, wolf, or fox—basedon which games it won and which
it lost. After the games, each player
was presented with an Animus
Stone inscribed with the kanji
character for their team’s animal. To
casual observers, it probably looked3

“I didn’t wantanyone to walkaway from Field
Day feeling likethey had ‘lost’—
I wanted people
to recall the joy ofphysical activity,
decoupledfrom the stressof structured
competition.”

The Blue Team, a.k.a. the Foxes

activity, decoupled from thestress of structured competition.

like I was trying to start a cult.
In a way, I suppose I was.
Shikoku Field Day was heavily
inspired by the New Games
Movement of the 1970s. The aimof the movement was to provide
alternatives to traditional, zerosum sports, which tend to handout adulation and shame in equalmeasure. I didn’t want anyone towalk away from Field Day feelinglike they had “lost”—I wanted
people to feel like they did when
they were kids, after a day ofrunning around outside. I wanted
people to recall the joy of physicalWas the tournament a success?
Yes and no. I had never actually
played many of the games I
brought to the event, and whilesome, like Rock-Paper-Scissors,
were a blast, others suffered fromrules that were too vague, and stillothers just weren’t that much fun.
I also underestimated how deepseated the competitive spirit is inus; even if a victory won’t yield
any tangible result, people stillwant to win, and badly. Tempers
flared a few times, and that was
my fault for misjudging the degree
to which I needed to define the

A rousing game of Catch the Dragon’s Tail4

rules for each game. But there
were plenty of moments, for me atleast, of pure, unadulterated fun,and the barbecue and subsequentcarousing completely erased any
hard feelings. If the other attendees
experienced even half of the joythat I did, I consider it a day wellspent.
I’d like to take this opportunity tothank Lisa Cross for the initial idea
for a Block 8 event, and for theincredible amount of support she
provided. She essentially handled
all of the non-fun portions of theplanning while I faffed about,painting rocks and trying to decide
whether a falcon would be goodor bad at Sumo (answer: bad). I’m
extremely grateful for everything
she did. I’d also like to thankMari Rueter and Mary Parker
for extorting collecting moneyfrom the Tokushima attendees.
This is my last year in
Tokushima, but I sincerely hopethat somebody will organize
another Field Day next year.
Just…leave out Slaughter. And
put in restroom breaks.

TOPIA

150 years of friendship

Tokushima takes part inJapan's celebration of its long
relationship with Germany

Martin RathmannL

ast August I started working
at the prefectural governmentin Tokushima. Even though it has
been almost six months, the time
has flown by really fast. As oneof the two German Coordinators
for International Relations inTokushima, I am in charge ofTokushima’s partnership with
the German federal state ofLower Saxony; the other German
CIR (Robert) is working at theGerman House in Naruto. 2011
was the 150th anniversary ofJapanese-German friendship anddiplomatic relations, so a lot of
events were going on in Germany
and Japan last year. That alsomeans there was a lot of work todo, for our prefecture and me.
Unification Day was in October,so the embassy in Kobe invited
all German JETs in West-Japanand many other people to cometogether for music, food and drinks
in Kobe. During this nice dinnermore events for the anniversary ofJapanese-German friendly relations
were introduced, such as theGerman Festival on October 23rd.
The German Festival in Tokyo
was one of the main events of the150th anniversary, and the German
federal president Christian Wulff
himself and the crown prince ofJapan Naruhito were present. At thefestival there was everything youneed to have a great day: German
food (sausages, etc.), modernmusic (German rock and AKB48),
as well as other traditional
performances, and last but notleast, booths for Tokushima and

TOPIA“Perhaps it wasn't
necessary for me
The two booths were side by
to be dieing ofside, and both presented posters
nervousness...
and information about their
but when else
region. They also tried to promote
themselves and raise visitors'
does a normalinterest by handing out sudachi
and caramels from Tokushima, and human being andfries from Lower Saxony. I did
non-professional
my best to promote our prefecture,interpreter havebut in the end the fries were more
popular, but only by a margin!
the chance
to meet the
In connection with the German
German federal
Festival in Tokyo the German
federal president decided to visit
president?”
his old friend, the governor ofLower Saxony, as representatives
for German-Japanese relations.

Tokushima, on October 28th.
During President Wulff’s timeas the minister president ofLower Saxony, he and Governor
Iizumi concluded the partnership
between their respective
regions, so they have known
each other for some time.
For the Tokushima prefectural
office and especially the German
House in Naruto, this visit meant

we had months of preparation to
do. Creating a schedule on minutebased units, double-checking all
the places the federal president
wanted to go, and consulting withthe metropolitan and prefectural
police, the German Ministry ofForeign Affairs, and other involved
organizations. The schedule wasso strict that there was no roomfor unexpected changes. In such

Governor Iizumi and President Wulff getting their Awa Odori on

5

“...you try
explaining
centuries-old
clothing anddances to young
children in
Japanese andsee how easy itis (it’s not!).”Martin and President Wulff!

cases, the thing that you want not
to happen the most, will happen.
If the federal president changed
his plans then the complicatedschedule had to be adjusted,
whether it was possible or not.
My job was “just” to interpretfor Governor Iizumi, when hespoke with his old friend andgave a speech to the audience.
Perhaps it wasn’t necessary forme to be dieing of nervousness
the day before, but when else doesa normal human being and nonprofessional interpreter have thechance to meet the German federalpresident? Anyway, somehow I
did it, and nobody fired me, so I
guess it went okay at least. As areward for this I was able to get
my picture taken with President
Wulff, and also one with Governor
Iizumi. All in all it was a great day.
Another thing in connection
with the German Festival was avisit from a traditional German
dance troupe, who performed at
the festival and were invited toTokushima for the 28th, or the
day after our big to-do with the6president. The group arrived on
the evening of the 27th in Naruto,
so I had the chance to welcome
them, despite being exhausted
from the day’s activities. They
visited an elementary school
then next day and performed
German dances from the early
19th century for the students,
and they were great, but you try
explaining centuries-old clothing
and dances to young children in
Japanese and see how easy it is(it’s not!). But the kids loved it
and even got to try the dances
themselves. After this school visit

the troupe went to different placesin Naruto, where my Germancolleague was their guide.
So the German festival and allthings having to do with it havefinally ended. For me it was quite
a busy time, but it was worth it
and I am really looking forward
to next year, when Tokushima
and Lower Saxony’s partnershipwill have its 5th year anniversary,
which also means a lot of different
events and work to do. Beinga CIR in Tokushima isquite an adventure.

Traditional German dance troupe

TOPIAhajimemashite
Austin SmithT

hey call me スミス , theycall me 先生 , they call me
イギリス人 , they call me 外
人 , but that’s not my name…
As an ALT working inTokushima city, I interact withthousands of junior high andelementary school pupils and I
am visible to thousands of people
in the city every day. Due tothe amount of classes I cover,I find myself still giving selfintroduction lessons and, as aresult, I am conscious of people’s
initial perception of me. I performa slightly different function ateach of my placements. My nameeven varies, from “sumisu sensei”
to “Austin” and every linguistic
variation in between. The pupil's
reaction to me is always vocal
or visible: a laugh, a scream, asmile, even an uncertain glance.
However, despite being placedwith some of the less privilegedchildren in this prefecture, I cancount on one hand the number oftimes they have called me a gaijin,
and it has never been used as aterm of abuse or discrimination.
Instead, I usually hear them shout
kakkoii, whatever that means…
However, as I cycled my kakkoii
bicycle past Tokushima station
on a lazy Sunday morning I was
shouted at, sneered at, and pointed
at by two distinctly Americanlooking parents “educating” their
two young children: “gaijin,
gaijin, gaijin”. This was in frontof many bystanders who just so
happen to pay my wages. For
a second, I cycled on, laughingat their understandable cultural
ignorance…but then calmly

TOPIA

A commentary on the use of the word gaijin

turned around to concisely correct
their use of nomenclature.
Forgive me if I take exception
to two “adults” considerably older
than myself teaching their preschool children to point and shoutat ‘others’ as they themselves are‘just passing through’ the most
crowded area of the city I live
and work in. Most people who
travel through or even come tolive and work in Japan may notrealize that the term gaijin is being
actively and officially phasedout of Japanese society. This has
been the case for some time. The
biggest barrier to its eradication
is ignorance—the ignorance of
foreigners themselves, even those
who are employed to promoteinternational understanding.
I am sure most of you are awareof the literal translation of thisword and why it has been replacedin general use by another—
gaikokujin. The literal translation
is irrelevant, I am sure that nomatter which country you are fromyou can think of labels that areused to identify ‘others’—to markpeople who are ‘different’. You canno doubt identify such words thatare no longer socially acceptable inthe country you are from. In the UK
we have as many of these words
as anywhere else in the world.
There is no place in the
21st century for any form of
discrimination. If the Japanesepeople have made a conscious
effort to phase out a Japaneseword in line with international
standards of decency, I think
we should encourage this rather
than continue to publicly justify
its use. I may stand out but thisdoes not make me an ‘outsider’.
Douzo yoroshiku onegaishimasu.
Austin Smith graduated from
Newcastle University in 2010 with
an MA in East Asian History on
how the outside world perceives
Japan and vice versa. If you
would like to discuss this topic
or any other aspect of modern
Japan further you can contact
him at: austin.alt@ezweb.ne.jp

7今月の日本語Japanese Lesson
Yoko Koyama

This month let's study the location particles「に」and「で」.
(1) Which of these two particles,「に」and「で」, go in the parentheses below?
わたし

かいしゃ

がいこくじん

１．私の会社（
いえ）外国人がいます。

くるまだい）車が 2 台あります。

２．家（
いえ

しゅくだい

３．家（

）宿題をする。

こうえん

４．公園（

）バドミントンをする。

５．ここ（）荷物を置いてください。

えき

に もつ

かいさつぐちおでま

６．駅の改札口を出たところ（）待っていてください。

うんてんしゅみせまえと「すみません。あの店の前（
７．
（タクシーの運転手に）
だいがく

りょう

す

８．大学の寮（
あに）止めてください。

）住んでいます。

ぎんこう

はたら

９．兄は銀行（

わたし びょういん

つと）働いていますが、私は病院（

こたえ (answers): １．に
６．で

２．に
７．で

３．で
８．に

）勤めています。

４．で ５．に
９．で・にHow many did you get? What is the difference between verbs that go with「に」and「で」?
すわ

つ

はい

お

* Verbs that indicate existence ( いる、ある ), movement that comes to a stop ( 座る、着く、入る、置く、
い

す

つと

入れる ), and conditions or status ( 住む、勤める ) use the「に」particle.
あそ

か

あ

た

* Verbs that indicate movement and actions ( する、遊ぶ、買う、会う、食べるなど ) use the「で」particle.
(2) Are the following uses of「に」and「で」correct?
すわ

１．このいすで座ってもいいですか。
だれお２．これ誰のものかわからないから、そこにそのまま置いといてください。
い３．まっすぐ行ったところでコンビニがある。
とくしま

す

ねん

４．徳島に住んでもう 2 年になります。
５．ここにサッカーをしないでください。
こたえ (answers): １．×

２．○

３．×

４．○

５．×

How did you do?
Reference: 日本語誤用辞典

8

ｽﾘｰｴｰﾈｯﾄﾜｰｸ

TOPIAletter from Suketo Hoikuen

Child care advice
from our friends at
Suketo Daycare!

Kazue Inoue

At

Suketo Daycare, there
are many kids who comewith their mothers to play who
are in the midst of the so-called"terrible twos". They repeatedly
shout "No, no!" in rapid-firesuccession, and go into complete
meltdowns when they don't likesomething, causing quite a bit oftrouble for their poor mothers.
The age of one and a half to three
years is frequently characterized bychildrens' burgeoning desire to do
things for themselves, and do themwell, but when things don't go theway they want, they often take out
their frustration on their parents.
This rebellious stage is a path thatevey child must go down during
their development, so try not toworry too much, and have patience
with your child. Eventually they
will develop the ability to express
themselves, gain perspective
and a better understanding of
their environment, and they
will naturally begin to settle
down. Until then, make sure
you take time to talk about yourfeelings with others, eat good
food, and relieve your stress.

This month's craft:
Paper Plate Top
The spinning top is a toythat many Japanese playwith at New Year's time.
1. Take the caps from two petbottles and tape them together, with
the inside edges facing each other.
2. Cut a hole in the centerof a paper plate as shown
below, large enough to fit the
taped caps in the center.
3. Fix the taped caps inside thehole securely and spin it withyour fingers, as shown in thethird illustration. Color the plateor draw pictures on it to makea cool image when it spins!

“[The terribletwos] is a paththat every childmust go down
during theirdevelopment, so
try not to worry
too much, andhave patience
with your child.”

awaglot and classifiedsT

he literary corner of Awa Life,

There is also a classifieds section

But you can totally submit thisAwaglot, is a combination offor you, our readers, to post

stuff: offers to sell or exchange

the words "awa" and "polyglot",

ads in, but a few rules apply!

personal goods, concerts, lectures,

The following will not be

and other event information, cultural,fiction, non-fiction, prose or poetry;posted: Religious, political, orsporting, and other community group

funny, sad, long or short, we wantcommercial activities, businesses

information, etcetera. If you haveyour submissions! If you like tosearching for clients or employees,

something you would like to sharewrite, then express yourself! Send

and things the Awa Life editorswith the Tokushima community, email

submissions to awalife@gmail.com.

deem inappropriate.

the editors at awalife@gmail.com!

which means multilingual. Be it

TOPIA

9

news & events

January 1 February 1

To post an event of your own, send the details via email to the editors at awalife@gmail.com .

Shikoku Snowball Fight Tournament
国際雪合戦四国大会
It may be too late to join, but why not come and大人から子どもまで、雪があれば誰でも雪合戦をやった

cheer on the teams of the Shikoku International

ことがあるでしょう。この雪合戦は日本雪合戦連盟公認

Snowball Fight? This competition, held as a sportの大会で、公式ルールに則りスポーツとして開催していwith strict rules on snowball ﬁghting, is the deciding

ます。このため、北海道で開催している昭和新山国際雪match for the Shikoku representative in the national

合戦の四国ブロック予選も兼ねています。

competition!
日時： 1 月 28, 29 日 ( 土、日 ) 9:00~17:00
When: January 28, 29 (Sat, Sun), 9:00 - 17:00

場所： いやしの温泉郷グラウンド

Where: Grounds of Iyashi no Onsen-kyo

三好市東祖谷菅生

Miyoshi-shi, Higashi Iya Sugeoi

問合せ：三好市観光課

Miyoshi City Tourism Division

TEL：

TEL:

088-372-7620

入場料：無料！

Cost:

Free!

Info:

088-372-7620

Taisan Temple Mochi Competition
大山寺の力餅Come and see as participants compete to see who

正月の初会式の行事として毎年 1 月第 3 日曜日に大山寺

can carry large barrels of mochi , or pounded rice,

境内で行われます。男 169kg・女 50kg の餅をかつぎ、

the farthest! Men carry 169 kg and women carry

歩いた距離を競います。見物する方も思わず力が入る名

50kg. This is a traditional event of the temple that is

物行事です。

held every third Sunday in January.
日時： 1 月 15 日 ( 日）When: January 15 (Sun)

場所： 上板町神宅字大山 4

Where: Kamiita-cho, Kanyake Oyama 4

問合せ：大山寺

Taisan Temple grounds

TEL :

Info:

Taisan Temple

入場料：無料！

TEL:

088-694-5525

Cost:

Free!

大山寺境内

088-694-5525

Japanese Lessons at Suketo Hoikuen (free)
助任保育園の日本語教室（無料）
When: Every Thursday, 11:00 - 12:00

日時： 毎週木曜日、11:00 〜 12:00

Cost:

Free, and child care is also available!

金額： 託児付き（無料）

Info:Call TOPIA at

問合せ：トピアまで

TEL 088-656-3303

10

TEL 088-656-3303

TOPIA

African Music Concert!
アフリカ音楽を楽しもう！
Come enjoy authentic African music, dances, and本物のアフリカ音楽に親しみながら人権についてのトー

hear talks on African human rights. This African

クやダンスを楽しんでみませんか。アフリカ音楽に親し

music group will be performing at two venues inむ会が徳島県の二つの会場で上演します。学校などでのTokushima. They have visited and performed at over

音楽出演は全国 1300 校以上、現在も全国各地でチャリ

1300 schools around the country, and have also

ティーコンサートを開催しています。

done several charity concerts.

* 簡単手作りマラカスを作って参加しましう！（ペット*If you would like to participate, bring pet bottles

ボトルに音が出る物なら何でも入れるといいですよ！）

with items inside that when shaken make noise likemaraccas. Almost any items will do!

日時： 1 月 14 日 ( 土 ) 14:30 ~ 16:00

When: January 14 (Sat) 14:30 - 16:00

場所： 石井町中央公民館

Where: Ishii-cho Chuo Kominkan Ishi Fuji Hall

日時： 1 月 15 日 ( 日 ) 10:00 ~ 11:30

When: January 15 (Sun) 10:00 - 11:30

場所： 徳島市沖浜東

Where: Tokushima City, Okinohama Higashi
Info:

TEL：

Kitaoka

入場料：無料！

090-3180-9356

Cost:

Free!

ふれあい健康館ホール

問合せ：北岡Fureai Kenkoukan HallTEL:

いしい藤ホール

090-3180-9356

Sagicho
左義長
Come and see as all the decorations from the end of

毎年１月 15 日の早朝、正月の飾りものを燃やして無病

the new year festivities are burned in a huge bonﬁre

息災や豊漁や豊作・家内安全を祈願します。

to ward off bad luck for the coming year.
日時： 1 月 15 日 ( 日 ) 17:00~18:00
When: January 15 (Sun), 17:00 - 18:00

場所： 海部郡牟岐町

Where: Kaifu-gun, Mugi-cho, Nishi no Hama

問合せ：牟岐町産業建設課

Info:

Mugi-cho Industry and Construction Division

TEL：

TEL:

088-472-3420

入場料：無料！

Cost:

Free!

西の浜

088-472-3420

Momote Shinji Archery
百手神事
Each January this event is held to ward off bad

古来より王子神社に伝わる魔よけの祭りです。10 人の射

luck for the coming year. Ten archers dressed in

手が裃姿で的に矢を射ます。

ceremonial dress fire arrows into a target in adisplay of traditional archery.

日時： 1 月 9 日 ( 月、祝 ) 8:00
場所： 吉野川市山川町

When: January 9 (Mon, holiday), 8:00

問合せ：吉野川市商工観光課

Where: Yoshinogawa-shi, Yamakawa-cho

TEL :

Info:

Yoshinogawa Commerce and入場料：無料！

TEL:

088-322-2226

Cost:

Free!

088-322-2226

Tourism Division

TOPIA

11

JTM とくしま第２回特別研修会「初級から中級へ〜『みんなの日本語中級Ｉ』を使って」初級の日本語学習を終了した人に中級の日本語を教える「みんなの日本語中級Ｉ」を使った具体的な指導の方法や、初中級から中級の学ための指導力の充実を図ります。
習についての質疑応答を行います。
開催時期：2012 年 1 月 28 日（土）13:30 ~ 16:00
開催場所：徳島県国際交流協会 (TOPIA) （徳島市寺島本町西 1-61

定員：

ＪＴＭとくしま日本語ネットワーク会員
日本語指導・支援の経験者
５０人

参加費：

無料！

対象：

クレメントプラザ 6 Ｆ )問合せ・申し込み：JTM とくしまネットワーク TEL 088-625-8387

多文化共生フォーラム
南海地震や三連動地震が危惧される徳島県。数々の災害時に活動されてきた経験をお持ちの日比野氏から、在住外国人が災害弱者にならないためのまちづくりについてお話しを伺いませんか？ぜひご参加下さい！！
テーマ：

在住外国人が災害弱者にならないためのまちづくり

講師：日比野純一氏（特定非営利活動法人たかとりコミュニティセンター
日時：平成 24 年 1 月 24 日（火） 14:30 〜 16:30
場所：( 財 ) 徳島県国際交流協会

専務理事）

参加無料

会議室

問合せ・申し込み：当協会まで （当日参加も可） TEL 088-656-3303 FAX 088-652-0616

Purple Hotline - Women’s Shelter Network
The Purple Hotline is a free telephone counseling and consulatation service provided by the All Japan Women’s
Shelter Network for women and children faced with problems due to the Tohoku disaster, or domestic violence andother types of abuse. These counselors can provide support and necessary information, so don’t hesitate to call.
English-speaking counselors are available Mondays through Thursdays from 13:00 to 19:00.
Dial 0120-941-826, and non-Japanese callers may press 1 for other language options including Chinese, Thai,
English, Tagalog, Spanish, and Korean.

Counselling Service at TOPIA
トピアの相談窓口
TOPIA offers a counselling and advisory service to all foreign residents to help with issues involving accidents,
working conditions, housing, visas, international marriage, and more. Counselling is available in English andJapanese. Please note that although every effort will be made, we may not be able to deal with all cases.
Every day, 10:00 - 18:00
Tel: 088-656-3320 (allows three-way conversations with an interpreter) or 088-656-3303

受け止めていますか人権の重み
12TOPIA