INFORMATION SHARING ON DRR

3.

Information Sharing on DRR

ADRC collects and disseminates disaster risk reduction (DRR) information, primarily on its website (https://www.adrc.asia), to provide member countries and the general public of documented experiences, lessons,tools, and practices that maybe useful for preparedness, mitigation, response, and recovery activities.

3.1

Information Collection

Supported by its 31-member countries, ADRC collects information on DRR systems, plans, and policy
measures based on each country’s disaster risk situations. Additionally, ADRC collects information fromOffice for the Coordination of Humanitarian Affairs (UNOCHA). The basic DRR information that ADRC
collects are:
·Disaster risk management systems (e.g., legal and institutional frameworks, disaster managementplans, and manuals)·

Disaster response and recovery activities (e.g., emergency response activities in affected area/country)·

Disaster events due to natural hazards (e.g., descriptions of natural disasters such as earthquakes,floods, cyclones, and so on, and the damages)

3.1.1

Country Reports on DRR

Member countries regularly provide reports and information on DRR to ADRC Secretariat, which manages

the database. To facilitate sharing, ADRC disseminates DRR related website links and other relevant
information among member countries and partner organizations. The updated record of country reports for
FY 2021 is shown in Table 3.1.
Table 3.1. Years Country Reports Updated as of FY2021

Year Prepared(Information frequently updated by VRs)

Country
Armenia

2001, 2002, 2003, 2005, 2006, 2010, 2012, 2015 2016, 2017

Azerbaijan

2011, 2014

Bangladesh

1998, 1999, 2001, 2003, 2005, 2006, 2010, 2011 2013, 2020

Bhutan2008, 2013, 2014, 2017, 2019

Cambodia

1998, 1999, 2002, 2003, 2005, 2006, 2013

China

1998, 1999, 2005, 2006, 2012

India

1998, 1999, 2002, 2005, 2006, 2008, 2012, 2015 2018

Indonesia

1998, 1999, 2002, 2003, 2004, 2005, 2006, 2012 2016

Iran

2013

Japan

1998, 1999, 2002, 2005, 2006, 2012, 2015, 2016, 2017, 2018, 2019

Kazakhstan

1998, 1999, 2002, 2005, 2006

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Section 3other countries and organizations in collaboration with the Visiting Researchers (VRs) and the United Nations

INFORMATION SHARING ON DRR

Year Prepared(Information frequently updated by VRs)

Country

Section 3

Korea

1998, 1999, 2001, 2002, 2005, 2006, 2008

Kyrgyzstan

2005, 2006, 2012

Laos

1998, 1999, 2003, 2005, 2006

Malaysia

1998, 1999, 2003, 2005, 2006, 2008, 2009, 2011 2018

Maldives

2013, 2014, 2015, 2018

Mongolia

1998, 1999, 2002, 2005, 2010, 2011, 2013

Myanmar

2002, 2005, 2006, 2013, 2018, 2020

Nepal

1998, 1999, 2005, 2006, 2009, 2010, 2011, 2014 2019

Pakistan2005, 2006, 2009, 2015, 2016, 2017

Papua New
Guinea1998, 1999, 2005, 2006

Philippines

1998, 1999, 2002, 2003, 2005, 2006, 2009, 2010, 2011, 2012, 2014, 2016,2017, 2018

Russia1998, 1999, 2003, 2005, 2006

Singapore

1998, 1999, 2001, 2002, 2003, 2005, 2006

Sri Lanka

1998, 1999, 2003, 2005, 2006, 2009, 2010, 2011, 2014, 2015, 2016, 2019

Tajikistan

1998, 1999, 2003, 2005, 2006

Thailand

1998, 1999, 2003, 2004, 2005, 2006, 2008, 2010, 2011, 2012, 2016, 2017,2018, 2019, 2020

Turkey2019

Uzbekistan

1998, 1999, 2005, 2006, 2013, 2015

Vietnam

1998, 1999, 2005, 2006, 2017

Yemen

2009, 2012, 2014

In FY 2021, the reports from member countries continued to put emphasis on DRR activities during COVID19 pandemic. Some of the reports were written as thematic papers, which were submitted and presented at
the Asian Conference on Disaster Reduction (ACDR) 2021.
3.1.2

Latest Disaster Information

Information on latest disaster and its updates are regularly posted on ADRC website (Figure 3.1). In
particular, the date of occurrence, location, impacts, and links to reports, articles, maps, relief efforts, andsatellite images are among the basic information that are included in the updates. The sources of theseinformation are from ADRC counterparts, partner organizations, and networks (e.g., media, governments,international organizations, research institutions and civil societies). For instance, ADRC updates theinformation based on the materials provided by the ReliefWeb (operated by UNOCHA), United States
Geological Survey (USGS), and other media information, including government agencies.

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INFORMATION SHARING ON DRR

Section 3Figure 3.1 Latest Disaster Information on ADRC Website

The five most notable disasters in FY2021, as shown on the ADRC website, included:·Floods in India, June to September

In Western India, severe flooding and landslides was experienced in Maharashtra State starting in June
2021. As of 28 July, the death toll increased to 209, according to the National Emergency Response Centre.
About 8 people were missing, 52 injured, 434,150 displaced (over 251,300 to 308 temporary relief centres),and more than 382,650 people were affected across ten districts. Heavy rain continued until September 2022
over northern and coastal Maharashtra. https://bit.ly/indiaLF2021·Henan Flood in China, July

More than 144,660 residents were affected by torrential rains in Henan Province of Central China, 16-20 July
2021. It was reported that 10,152 people were relocated to safe places. https://bit.ly/HenanFL2021·Nuristan Flood in Afghanistan, July

On 28 July 2021, massive flash floods, triggered by heavy rain, occurred in Mirdesh village in Kamdesh
district in Nuristan province – eastern part of Afghanistan. Around 150 were reported missing and 113 people
were found dead. Around 300 residential houses were impacted with 200 houses fully damaged. One public
bridge and four small bridges were also damaged. The flood swept away cattle and livestock, destroyed
agricultural lands, and demolished a large part of a road in Kamdesh district. https://bit.ly/AfghanFL2021

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INFORMATION SHARING ON DRR·Typhoon Rai in the Philippines, December

Typhoon Rai (Local name: Odette) slammed southeastern part of the Philippines on 16 December 2021,
bringing heavy rains and flooding that displaced thousands over a large area. It rapidly intensified to aCategory 5 storm before making landfall. It killed 405, injured 1,371, missing 52, affected 7.8 million, andevacuated 114,943 people. Over 2 million houses were totally/partially destroyed and about 1,734
infrastructures were damaged. https://bit.ly/PHILFL2021·Volcanic Eruption and Tsunami in Tonga, January

The Hunga Tonga Hunga Ha’apai (HTHH) Volcanic
Section 3Eruption and the induced tsunami waves which hit
Tonga in the evening of 15 January 2022 resulted in
the displacement of about 2,390 people and 465
households. About 54.41% of affected households
were in Tongatapu, 30.54% in Ha’apai Islands, and15.05% in ‘Eua.
https://bit.ly/TongaVL2022
The set of disaster information provided on the ADRC
website is comprehensive due to wide range of reliable
ADRC partners that provided the data.

Figure 3.2 ADRC presentation on HTHH Volcanic Eruption of15 January 2022

3.1.3

Natural Disaster Databook

ADRC obtained data from EM-DAT and analyzed it to show theoccurrence, death tolls, people affected, and economic impact of disasters
during the year 2020 (but reported and published in FY2021). In addition,
the analysis also included two other sets of data. One pertains to data on

climate-related disasters, and the another pertains to data COVID-19
situations. In general, the Natural Disaster Databook 2020 presented
three data perspectives:·Natural disaster data of 2020 is compared with the annual average ofdisaster data of the past three decades (i.e.,1990-2019) at the global
level and at the Asian level
Figure 3.3 Cover of Natural Disaster
Databook 202026INFORMATION SHARING ON DRR·Climate-related disasters of 2020 is compared with the annual average of the past three decades (i.e.,1990-2019) at the global level and at the Asian level·COVID-19 situation (i.e., using cumulative data of confirmed cases and deaths) is presented at global
level as well as in the ADRC member countries

The analysis of disaster data was presented in a form of infographic. For instance, in 2020, the economic
losses from disasters (excluding losses from COVID-19) was USD173.1 billion. This number was higher
compared to the annual average of USD108.5 billion of economic losses from disasters in the last three
decades (Figure 3.4).
Section 3

Figure 3.4 Economic losses by disaster type 2020 vs 1990-2019 annual average

Some highlights of the Natural Disaster Databook 2020 could be mentioned here. Firstly, flood and storm
had been the most frequent causes of disasters in 2020 as well as during the last 30 years. These twodisaster types also account for the highest number of people affected and the highest economic losses in2020 and in the last 30 years. This observation indicates that disaster risk reduction and management
actions for flood and storm need further improvements. Secondly, flood and storm (unlike earthquake) areclimate-related disaster types that show the tendency of frequently occurring, as observed in 2020 andduring the last 30 years. This observation is notable not only globally, but also, in Asia. Thirdly, as of 21
September 2021, the number of confirmed cases and deaths from COVID-19 had peaked in several
occasions since the World Health Organization (WHO) declared the pandemic on 11 March 2020. Thehighest peak so far was on 26 April 2021, recording a total of 5,695,585 COVID-19 confirmed cases globallyon that day. Although some western countries rolled out vaccines, there emerged some COVID-19 variants(e.g., delta variant) that might had contributed to the increasing number of confirmed cases. In ADRC

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INFORMATION SHARING ON DRR

member countries, cumulative data shows that COVID-19 situation was varied, reflecting the differences inpolicies as well as socioeconomic conditions of Asian countries.

3.2

Information Dissemination

ADRC disseminates DRR information using a range of channels, including: a) regular issuance of ADRC
Highlights, a monthly newsletter, b) dissemination via GLIDE, c) dissemination through Sentinel Asia andspace-based platforms, and d) sharing of information at conferences and learning events.
3.2.1

ADRC Highlights

Section 3Since 1 June 1999, ADRC has been issuing the ADRC Highlights for information dissemination. For eightyears (until FY 2007), the ADRC Highlights had been issued twice a month. However, following the renewalof its design in the beginning 2008, it has been issued monthly and published in three languages: English,Japanese, and Russian.

Figure 3.5 ADRC Highlights issued in three different languages

As of 28 February 2022, there are 2,329 subscribers for English edition, 915 for Japanese edition, and 229
for Russian edition. The newsletters are available on ADRC website and also disseminated by email in

English, Russian, and Japanese languages to ADRC counterparts, former visiting researchers, former
GLIDE visiting researchers, participants in the past ADRC annual meetings, visitors to ADRC, trainees in
JICA's training courses which ADRC conducted, and participants of international conferences which ADRC isengaged. The contents include articles on the latest ADRC activities, reports on participation in international
conferences, and other events in which ADRC staff members attended and gave presentations. Reports byADRC Visiting Researchers from member countries and interns are also covered in the newsletter.

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INFORMATION SHARING ON DRR

3.2.2

Data Sharing through GLIDE Number System

As of FY 2021, over 7,300 GLIDE numbers have been
issued. GLIDE (operated by ADRC and other partners
includingtheUnited

Nations,

international

partnerorganizations, and researcher institutions) is a disaster
identifier system that is commonly formatted but has
unique numbers to disasters to support the integration ofdisaster risk reduction (DRR) data as well as improve theefficiency of retrieving historical and on-going disaster
Section 3

information from various databases across different
countries and organizations. Figure 3.6 shows a list of
GLIDE numbers with the disaster and geographic
information. Once a GLIDE number is issued, it is shared
to some 2,000 registered users in the world and applied
to their databases and products.

Figure 3.6 GLIDE Information on its Website

3.2.3

Data Sharing through Sentinel Asia

As of January 2022, a total of 111 organizations from 28 countries and region join the Sentinel Asia. Inaccordance with the Cooperation Agreement between the United Nations Office for Outer Space Affairs(UNOOSA) and ADRC signed on 4 June 2009, ADRC has been established as a UN-SPIDER Regional
Support Office (RSO) operated by its staff members as coordinators. In spite of year-to-year changes in thenumber of requests, the ratio of activated numbers remains stable at around 80%.
In 2021, Sentinel Asia received 34 requests from JPT members and 34 were activated in 2021. Looking at thebreakdown of the number of disaster observations by country and region from 2007 to 2021 (Figure 3.8),
Indonesia requested the most at 60. This is followed by 56 requests from Vietnam and 50 requests from thePhilippines, indicating that Southeast Asian countries occupy the top positions. Floods represent the largest
number of disasters with 212 requests (50.1%), followed by earthquakes at 54 (12.8%), typhoons at 36

Figure 3.7 Data Provider Nodes of Sentinel Asia

Figure 3.8 Emergency Observations 2007-2021

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