ISSN 1513-7368
Asian Pacific Organization for Cancer Prevention and Control

ASIAN PACIFIC JOURNALOF

CANCER PREVENTIONThe Official Publication of the Asian Pacific Organization forCancer Prevention and the UICC Asia Regional Office for Cancer Control
An Official Journal of the International Association of Cancer Registries

Volume 10,
Number 5, 2009

asian cancer control
APOCP Areas
Australasia
Central Asia

Marriage of Animal Models and Cutting
Edge Technology Toxicological Pathology RevisitedChina(after Kondo et al, 2009)

Japan
Korea
South Asia
South-East Asia
Western Asia

APJCP
Clinical Treatment Education
Epidemiology
Intervention
Palliation
Screening Toxicological Pathology

http://www.apocp.org
APJCP Vol 10, No 5

Asian Pacific Organization for Cancer Prevention and Control

ASIAN PACIFIC JOURNAL OF CANCER PREVENTIONAPJCP Chief Editor

APOCP Secretary-General

APOCP President

Malcolm A Moore
APJCP Editorial Office,
UICC Asia Regional Office
apocpcontrol@yahoo.com

Keun-Young Yoo
Department of Preventive Medicine,
Seoul National University, Korea
kyyoo@plaza.snu.ac.kr

Murat Tuncer
Department of Cancer Control,
Ministry of Health, Turkey
murat.tuncer@saglik.gov.tr

Subject Editors - Epidemiology

Subject Editors - Toxicological Pathology

Daehee Kang
Seoul National University, Seoul, Korea
dhkang@snu.ac.kr
Alireza Mosavi-Jarrahi
Shahid Beheshti University, Tehran, Iranrmosavi@yahoo.com
Shinkan Tokudome
Nagoya City University, Nagoya, Japan
tokudome@med.nagoya-cu.ac.jp

Sukta Das
Chittaranjan National Cancer Institute, Kolkata, India
suk_tadas@yahoo.com
Young-Joon Surh
Seoul National University, Seoul, Korea
surhyoungjoon@yahoo.co.kr
Hiroyuki Tsuda
Nagoya City University, Nagoya, Japan
htsuda@med.nagoya-cu.ac.jp

Subject Editors - Education/Registration

Subject Editors - Screening and Intervention

Supannee Sriamporn
KhonKaen University, KhonKaen, Thailand
supannee@kku.ac.th
Suraporn Wiangnon (IACR Representative)
Khon Kaen University, Khon Kaen, Thailand
surapon@kku.ac.th
Balkrishna B Yeole
Bombay Cancer Registry, Indian Cancer Society, India
bcrics@vsnl.com

Partha Sarathi Basu
Chittaranjan National Cancer Institute, Kolkata, India
ceds@vsnl.com
Tony Hsui-Hsi Chen
National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan
chenlin@ntw.edu.tw
Hai-Rim Shin
International Agency for Research on Cancer, France
shinhr@iarc.fr

Aims and Scope
The aim of the Asian Pacific Organization for Cancer Prevention and Control is to promote an increased awarenessin all areas of cancer prevention/control and to stimulate research and practical intervention approaches. Its official
journal, the APJCP, is indexed on PubMed and Science Citation Index Expanded. The scope is wide-ranging, including
descriptive, analytical and molecular epidemiology, experimental and clinical histopathology/biology of preneoplasias
and early neoplasias, assessment of risk and beneficial factors, experimental and clinical trials of primary preventive
measures/agents, screening approaches and secondary prevention, clinical epidemiology and all aspects of cancer
prevention education. All of the papers published are freely available as pdf files downloadable from www.apocp.org
or obtainable from the first authors.

International Advisory Board
Yoon-Ok Ahn, Seoul
Gülsün Ozentürk, Izmir
Junshi Chen, Beijing
Yu-Tang Gao, Shanghai
Tadao Kakizoe, Tokyo
Tomoyuki Kitagawa, Tokyo
Adriano Laudico, Manila
Noorwati, Jakarta
Maqsood Siddiqi, Kolkatta
Takashi Sugimura, Tokyo
Kazuo Tajima, Nagoya
Do Duc Van, Hanoi
APJCP Vol 10, No 5

Kunio Aoki, Nagoya
Fahanar Badar, Lahore
Santoso Cornain, Jakarta
P Gangadharan, Kochin
Thiravud Khuhaprema, Bangkok
Hiroshi Kobayashi, Sapporo
MA Mohagheghi, Tehran
Max Parkin, London
Soeripto, Yogyakarta
Young-Joon Surh, Seoul
Suketami Tominaga, Nagoya
Minro Watanabe, Iwate

MAY Ariyaratna, Colombo
Yasmin Bhurgri, Karachi
Somyos Deerasamee, Bangkok
Sagimbek Igisinov, Almaty
Chaudhry Kishore, New Delhi
Arun P Kurkure, Mumbai
Nadeem Nagi, Sana’a
Bhakta Man Shrestha, Chitwan
Petcharin Srivatanakul, Bangkok
Maitree Suttajit, Chiang Mai
Tumubaatar, Ulaanbaatar
Cheng Har Yip, Kuala Lumpur

Asian Pacific Organization for Cancer Prevention and Control

ASIAN PACIFIC JOURNAL

Editorial BoardOF

CANCER PREVENTIONThe Official Publication of the
Asian Pacific Organization for Cancer Prevention and Control
and the UICC-Asian Regional Office for Cancer Control
and an Official Journal of theInternational Association of Cancer Registries
CONTENTS
Volume 10, Number 5, Sept-Oct 2009
MINI-REVIEWS
Physical Activity and Health Kruk .

.

.

.

.

721

Cancer in Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander People of Australia
Roder and Currow
.
.
.
.
.
.
.

729

RESEARCH COMMUNICATIONS
Awareness of Cervical Cancer Risk Factors and Screening Behaviour
among Nurses in a Rural Region of Turkey Gul Ertem .
.

735

Colorectal Stenting for Management of Acute Malignant Bowel
Obstruction in Advanced Colorectal Cancer in Iran Reza et al .

739

Mammography Screening: Female Doctors’ Attitude and Practice inSana’a, Yemen Al-Naggar et al
.
.
.
.

743

Challenges to Cervical Screening in a Developing Country: The Case of
Malaysia Othman and Matejka
.
.
.
.
.

747

Age-standardized Incidence Rates for Childhood Cancers at a
Cancer Hospital in a Developing Country Badar et al
.

753

.

Diagnostic Performance of Gray-scale versus Combined Gray-scalewith Colour Doppler Ultrasonography in the Diagnosis of Malignancy
in Thyroid Nodules Phuttharak et al
.
.
.
.

759

Comparison of Three Educational Interventions on Breast
Self-Examination Knowledge and Health Beliefs Gürsoy et al.

765

Immunohistochemical Analysis of ER, PR, Her2 and CK5/6 in
Infiltrative Breast Carcinomas in Indian Patients Munjal et al.

773

Proportion of Gynecologic Cancer Patients Using Complementary andAlternative Medicine Supoken et al
.
.
.
.

779

Glutathione S-Transferase P1 Variant Plays a Major Contribution to
Decreased Susceptibility to Liver Cancer in Thais Viratroumanee et al.

783

Colorectal Carcinoma in Children - Experience at a Tertiary Care
Cancer Centre in Pakistan Zaidi et al
.
.
.

789

Limited Efficacy of Cisplatin, UFT and Hydroxyurea Treatment inPatients with Metastatic Gastric Cancer Kalender et al
.
.

795

Cancer Incidences in Urban Delhi - 2001-05 Manoharan et al799.

Patterns of Tobacco Use and Psychosocial Risk Factors Among Students
in 6th - 10th Grades in India: 2004-6 Dhavan et al.
.
807
Site-Specific Evaluation of Prognostic Factors on Survival in IranianColorectal Cancer Patients: A Competing Risks Survival Analysis
Asghari-Jafarabadi et al
.
.
.
.
.
.

815

Bayesian Analysis for Survival of Patients with Gastric Cancer in Iran
Baghestani et al
.
.
.
.
.
.
.

823

Woong Sik Ahn, Seoul
Takayuki Akasu, Tokyo
Hideyuki Akaza, Tsukuba
Suminori Akiba, Kagoshima
Gürbüz Aktas, Izmir
Jamal M Arif, Riyadh
Morteza Atri, Tehran
Micha Barchana, Jerusalem
Chien-Jien Chen, Taipei
Jian-Guo Chen, Qidong
Kexin Chen, Tianjin
Kee-Seng Chia, Singapore
An-Sik Chung, Taejon
Santoso Cornain, Jakarta
Ratchada Cressey, Chiang Mai
Sultan Eser, Izmir
Sunia Foliaki, Tonga
William Foo, Hong Kong
Katsuhiro Fukuda, Kurume
Shoji Fukushima, Osaka
Mark T Goodman, Honolulu
Adele Green, Brisbane
Nobuyuki Hamajima, Nagoya
Tsutomu Hashimoto, Wakayama
Nurbek Igisinov, Astana
Gulnura Igisinov, Almaty
Saginbek Igisinov, Almaty
Gen Iinuma, Tokyo
Masato Ikeda, Kitakyushu
Katsumi Imaida, Kagawa
Manami Inoue, Tokyo
Takafumi Ishida, Tokyo
Hideki Ishikawa, Kobe
Yoshinori Ito, Nagoya
Tetsuya Kamataki, Sapporo
Jeongseon Kim, Goyang
Reiko Kishi, Sapporo
Yoichi Konishi, Nara
Suminori Kono, Fukuoka
Choong Won Lee, Daegu
Won Chul Lee, Seoul
Hiroshi Maeda, Kumamoto
Akihiko Maekawa, Tokyo
Le Bach Mai, Hanoi
Alleyama Mathew, Trivandrum
Parvin Mehdipour, Tehran
Anjum Memon, Kuwait
Masumi Minowa, Tokyo
Masanao Miwa, Tsukuba
Mitsuru Mori, Sapporo
Hideki Mori, Gifu
Masaki Nagai, Saitama
Kei Nakachi, Hiroshima
Dai Nakae, Tokyo
Hitoshi Nakagama, Tokyo
Masakazu Nakamura, Osaka
Hoyoku Nishino, Kyoto
LeTran Ngoan, Hanoi
Filiz Ogce, Izmir
Hiroko Ohgaki, Lyon
Hajime Ohigashi, Kyoto
Hiroshi Ohshima, Shizuoka
Yoshiyuki Ohno, Nagoya

APJCP Vol 10, No 5

Asian Pacific Organization for Cancer Prevention and Control
Inhibitory Effects of High Temperature- and Pressure-Treated Garlicon Formation of 1,2-Dimethylhydrazine-Induced Mucin-Depleted Fociand O6-Methylguanine DNA Adducts in the Rat Colorectum
Chihara et al .
.
.
.
.
.
.

827

A Case-Control Study of Gallbladder Cancer in Hungary
Nakadaira et al
.
.
.
.
.
.

.

833

Factors Associated with HER2 Overexpression in Breast Cancer:
Experience in an Asian Developing Country Tan et al
.
.

837

Perceptions of Breast Health Practices in Pakistani Muslim Women
Banning and Hafeez
.
.
.
.
.
.

841

Early Detection for Breast Cancer in Iran.

849

Salted Meat Consumption and the Risk of Cancer: a Multisite CaseControl Study in Uruguay De Stefani et al .
.
.
.

Harirchi et al853

Lack of Influence of XRCC1 and XPD Gene Polymorphisms on
Outcome of Platinum-based Chemotherapy for Advanced
Non Small Cell Lung Cancers Yao et al
.
.

.

859

Egg Consumption and the Risk of Cancer: a Multisite CaseControl Study in Uruguay Aune et al.
.
.
.

.

869

Body Size, Physical Activity and Risk of Breast Cancer – A Case
Control Study in Jangsu Province of China Gao et al
.

.

877

Endoscopic Observation of N-Methyl-N'-Nitro-N-NitrosoguanidineInduced Gastric Carcinogenesis in Rat Using
A Newly-Developed Flexible Endoscope Kondo et al
.
.

883

Crocin from Kashmiri Saffron (Crocus sativus) Induces in Vitro
and in Vivo Xenograft Growth Inhibitionof Dalton’s Lymphoma (DLA) in Mice Bakshi et al .
.
.
Primary Malignancies of Bone and Cartilage in Karachi
Bhurgri et al .
.
.
.
.
.
.
Rate and Epidemic Characteristics of Anxiety and Depression
among Cancer Patients in Yangpu District in Shanghai Li

.

887

.

891

.

895

Effect of Dietary Intake on the Levels of Biliary Unsaturated Free
Fatty Acids Having Inhibitory Activity on Mutagens Serra et al .

899

Childhood Acute Leukemia in West Bengal, India withan Emphasis on Uncommon Clinical Features Biswas et al.

903

Immunohistochemical Determination of Estrogen and Progesterone
Receptors in Canine Mammary Tumors Toniti et al
.
.

907

Evaluation of Anticarcinogenic and Antimutagenic Potential of
Bauhinia variegata Extract in Swiss Albino Mice Agrawal and Pandey

913

Pediatric Nasopharyngeal Carcinoma: A Review of 27 Cases over
10 Years at Shaukat Khanum Memorial Cancer Hospitaland Research Center, Pakistan Saeed et al
.
.
.

917

Imipenem in the Treatment of Febrile Neutropenic Children
Fatih Erbey et al
.
.
.
.
.
.

.

921

Food Intake and Colorectal Adenomas: A Case-Control Study in
Malaysia Amutha Ramadas and Mirnalini Kandiah .
.
.

925

Ursolic Acid Attenuates Oxidative Stress-mediated Hepatocellular
Carcinoma Induction by Diethylnitrosamine in Male Wistar Rats
Renganathan Gayathri et al .
.
.
.
.
.

933

Construction of a Multi-Functional Helper-Dependent Adenovirus
Based System for Cancer Gene Therapy Long et al
.
.

939

COMMENTARY
Pesticides, Fresh Water Fish, Liver Flukes and Nitrosamines:
A Story of Cholangiocarcinoma Development in Thailand
Wiwanitkit
.
.
.
.
.
.
.

961

APJCP Vol 10, No 5.

Naoyuki Okamoto, Kanagawa
Toshihiko Osawa, Nagoya
Semih Ötles, Izmir
Ozgur Ozyilkan, Ankara
Kwang-Kyun Park, Seoul
Nguyen M Quoc, Ho Chi Minh CityR Rajkumar, Ambillikai
T Rajkumar, Chennai
Hiroshi Saito, Tokyo
Toshiyuki Sakai, Kyoto
Luming Shi, Singapore
Hai Rim Shin, Seoul
Tomoyuki Shirai, Nagoya
Hutcha Sripling, Songklaa
Songphol Srisukho, Chiang Mai
Toshiro Takezaki, Kagoshima
Takuji Tanaka, Kanazawa
Masae Tatematsu, Nagoya
Witaya Thamavit, Bangkok
Danai Tiwawech, Bangkok
Eiju Tsuchiya, Saitama
Ichiro Tsuji, Sendai
Hideaki Tsukuma, Osaka
Soo Jong Um, Seoul
Gajalakshmi Vendhan, Chennai
Keiji Wakabayashi, Tokyo
Hiroshi Watanabe, Kyoto
Hiromitsu Watanabe, Hiroshima
Yoshiyuki Watanabe, Kyoto
Viroj Wiwanitkit, Bangkok
Sopit Wongkham, Khon Kaen
Zentaro Yamagata, Yamanashi
Naohito Yamaguchi, Tokyo
Kenji Yamao, Nagoya
Takesumi Yoshimura, Kitakyushu
Shun-Zhang Yu, Shanghai
Yasuhito Yuasa, Tokyo

This pdf file is supplied free ofcharge by the Asian PacificOrganization for Cancer Prevention
and Control, in cooperation with the
UICC-Asian Regional Office forCancer Control and Asian Pacific
Press, Ltd.

PAE

Asian Pacific Organization for Cancer Prevention and Control

Physical Activity and Health

Joanna Kruk (Joanna.Kruk@univ.szczecin.pl)

Mini-Abstract
Physical activity is an important determinant of both physical and psychological health. Regular physicalactivity exerts beneficial effects on onset and progression of a number chronic diseases, well-being, and has
positive effect to communities and societies. Unfortunately, more than 60% of world wide adults do not reachthe recommended levels of physical activity. This paper presents the prevalence, health risks, and economic
costs of physical inactivity. It also reports the substantial physical and psychological health benefits of regularphysical activity.
Asian Pacific J Cancer Prev, 10, 721-728

Cancer in Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander People ofAustralia
David Roder and David Currow (roder@internode.net.au)
Mini-Abstract
Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander Australians have a cancer incidence for all sites combined equivalent
to or slightly lower than for other Australians. They have a higher incidence of cancers of the cervix, liver andgallbladder, oesophagus, unknown primary site, mouth and throat, lung and pancreas, but a lower incidence ofcancers of the prostate, female breast, colon/rectum and skin (melanoma). Case survivals are lower for Aboriginal
and Torres Strait Islander patients, partly due to an excess of cancer types with a high case fatality, relatively
low numbers with a low case fatality, and due to more advanced cancer stages at diagnosis.
Asian Pacific J Cancer Prev, 10, 729-733

Awareness of Cervical Cancer Risk Factors and Screening
Behaviour among Nurses in a Rural Region of Turkey
Mini-Abstract

Gul Ertem(gul.ertem@ege.edu.tr)

The demographic characteristics of nurses and knowledge on risk factors of cervical cancer, as well asawareness of symptoms and attitudes in terms of screening programmers such as Pap smear, were assessed. Of
the nurses who participated in the research, 69.1% (67) said that they had talked about cancer and cancer
prevention with their families or friends; 60.8% (59) believed that their occupation was important for cancer
prevention; 11.3% of the nurses had a history of cancer in their families; and 63.9% (62) thought that theirknowledge about cervical cancer was adequate. There were no significant differences between knowledge orattitudes about cervical cancer risk factors or symptoms and screening methods regarding age, marital status,
years of experience (p>0.05). However, there was a statistically significant relationship between having received
a pap test and having a history of cancer in their family (p<0.05). Asian Pacific J Cancer Prev, 10, 735-738

Colorectal Stenting for Management of Acute Malignant Bowel
Obstruction in Advanced Colorectal Cancer in Iran
Fatemi Reza, Mohammad Alizadeh AmirH, Derakhshan Faramarz,
Mousavi Shahrokh, Zahmatkesh Mehrdad, Sepideh Shivarani, Fatemeh Nemati
Malek, Elham Maserat, MR Zali
(Nedafat20@yahoo.com)
Mini-Abstract
Introduction: This aim of this study was to evaluate the role of endoscopic stent implantation for palliation of
acute colorectal cancer obstruction in critical patients. Methods: In this prospective study of 8 patients suffering
clinical manifestations of acute bowel obstruction,dilation of stricture with balloon or buginage was performed
under fluoroscopy and colonoscopy in gastrointestinal ward without complete preparation. Then an uncovered
self-expanding metal stent was inserted. Results: Endoscopic stent implantation could be successfully performed.
General condition of patients gradually improved, and symptoms of acute obstruction was relieved. Conclusion:Endoscopic stent implantation seems to be an effective and safe palliative approach for management of emergency
conditions of acute colonic obstruction.
Asian Pacific J Cancer Prev, 10, 739-741
APJCP Vol 10, No 5

Asian Pacific Organization for Cancer Prevention and Control

Mammography Screening: Female Doctors’ Attitude andPractice in Sana’a, Yemen Redhwan Ahmed Al-Naggar1, Zaleha Md
Isa2*, Shamsul Azhar Shah2, Robert Chen3, Samiah Yasmin Abdul Kadir
Mini-Abstract(zms@ppukm.ukm.my)

A cross-sectional study was conducted at the main hospitals in Sana’a, Yemen to determine the attitude andpractice of Yemen female doctors on mammography screening. Although most doctors (36.5%) do not referpatients for mammography screening, seventy-seven (74.0%) indicated that they would refer patients for
mammography screening on personal request by the patients. This study showed a low percentage of doctors
who referred patients for routine mammography. The major reason given was the high cost of the procedure.
Asian Pacific J Cancer Prev, 10, 743-746

Challenges to Cervical Cancer Screening in a Developing
Country: The Case of Malaysia
Nor Hayati Othman1*, Matejka Rebolj(hayati@kb.usm.my)

Mini-Abstract
A literature search was made for reports on implementation, perceptions and reception of cervical screening
in Malaysia published between January 2000 and September 2008. Despite offering Pap smears for free since
1995, only 47.3% of Malaysian women have been screened. Several factors may have contributed. No nationalcall-recall system has been established. Improving screening coverage remains an important strategy for
combating cervical cancer in Malaysia. The focus should be on the policy-making context, improving awarenessand the infrastructure, and making the service better accessible. Asian Pacific J Cancer Prev, 10, 747-752

Age-standardized Incidence Rates for Childhood Cancers at a
Cancer Hospital in a Developing Country Farhana Badar,
Shahid Mahmood, Alia Zaidi, Yasmin Bhurgri ( farhana_badar@yahoo.com)
Mini-Abstract
The epidemiologic review is the first of its type reporting cancers recorded at a cancer hospital in Lahore,
Pakistan, in children less than 15-years of age, belonging to Lahore District, in a one-year time period fromJanuary 1, 2008-December 31, 2008. In order of ranking, the age-standardized incidence rates (ASR) per 100,000
were as follows: amongst boys - leukemias 1.3, lymphomas and reticuloendothelial neoplasms 1.3, CNS andmiscellaneous intracranial/intraspinal tumors 0.7, malignant bone tumors 0.4, and soft tissue sarcomas 0.4;
amongst girls, leukemias 0.7, lymphomas and reticuloendothelial neoplasms 0.5, malignant bone tumors 0.3,
CNS and miscellaneous intracranial/intraspinal tumors 0.3, and renal tumors 0.3.
Asian Pacific J Cancer Prev, 10, 753-758

Diagnostic Performance of Gray-scale versus Combined Grayscale with Colour Doppler Ultrasonography in the Diagnosis
of Malignancy in Thyroid Nodules Warinthorn Phuttharak,
Charoonsak Somboonporn, Gatenapa Hongdomnern (pwarin@kku.ac.th)
Mini-Abstract
The cancer incidence in developing countries is 7-19% under-estimated due to under-ascertainment of elderly
cases in cancer registry data. This study was conducted to report corrected global cancer incidence. The global
cancer incidence estimate is substantially under-estimated due to under-ascertainment in elderly cases. This
correction is performed mathematically; the results, however, emphasize the need for practical strategies toprevent under-ascertainment in the elderly.
Asian Pacific J Cancer Prev, 10, 759-764
APJCP Vol 10, No 5

Asian Pacific Organization for Cancer Prevention and Control

A Comparison of Three Educational Interventions on Breast
Self-Examination Knowledge and Health Beliefs✄✄✄✄Ayla Akkas
Gürsoy, Sevilay Hindistan, Nesrin Nural, Ilknur Kahriman, Fatma Yılmaz,Çagla Yigitbas, Hacer Erdöl, Hacer Kobya Bulut, Kıymet Yesilçiçek Çalik,
Havva Karadeniz Mumcu (sevilayhindistan69@yahoo.com )Mini-Abstract
This study was designed to investigate the effectiveness of various training methods for breast self-examination(BSE) knowledge, practice, and health beliefs. In the city of Trabzon, Turkey. 1,342 women were divided randomly
into three groups, instructed in BSE using individual or group training or by way of pamphlets. Data weregathered in four stages: during the pretraining and one month, six months, and twelve months after training
The results enabled us to assess the effectiveness of instruction on BSE performance and competence. In addition,
it provided us with valuable information on how training methods can influence health beliefs related to BSE.
Asian Pacific J Cancer Prev, 10, 765-772

Immunohistochemical Analysis of ER, PR, Her2 and CK5/6
in Infiltrative Breast Carcinomas in Indian Patients
Kavita Munjal, Abiy Ambaye, Mark F Evans, Jeannette Mitchell, Shirish
Nandedkar, Kumarasen Cooper ( kavita_munjal@rediffmail.com)

Mini-Abstract

Aim is to identify the immunohistochemical subtypes of breast carcinoma and correlate the results withpathological features associated with adverse prognosis in our study population. The proportion of each subtype
in our patient population was: luminal A 37.4%, luminal B 11.1%, Her2+ 29% and basal-like 7.5%. The following
variables were significantly associated with IHC breast cancer subtypes: patient age (p<.05), overall histopathology
grade (p<0.001), nuclear grade (p<0.005) and mitotic index (p<0.001). Her2+ and basal like subtypes wereassociated with poor differentiation (p<0.01), higher nuclear grade (p<0.05) and high mitotic index (p<0.05).
Asian Pacific J Cancer Prev, 10, 773-778

Proportion of Gynecologic Cancer Patients Using
Complementary and Alternative Medicine Amornrat Supoken,
Thitima Chaisrisawatsuk*, Bandit Chumworathayi (thitima49@hotmail.com )Mini-Abstract
This cross-sectional survey was conducted between October to December, 2008. Totals of 50 admitted and 50
walk-in gynecologic cancer patients 1-month after diagnosis, aged more than 20 years and able to give informed
consent, were selected for one-by-one interview by random walking survey. The three most common forms of CAM
used by our gynecologic cancer patients were Buddhist praying (62/67, 92.5%), followed by herbal medicines(27/67, 40.3%) and exercises (25/67, 37.3%).
Asian Pacific J Cancer Prev, 10, 779-782

Glutathione S-Transferase P1 Variant Plays a Major
Contribution to Decreased Susceptibility to Liver Cancer inThais Chonlada Viratroumanee1, Pornpen Pramyothin1*, Chanin Limwongse2,
Payiarat Suwannasri1, Anunchai Assawamakin (nbrrkply@gmail.com)
Mini-Abstract
The present study was performed to determine the effects of polymorphisms in GST (M1, P1, and T1) genes
on susceptibility to liver cancer in Thais. We recruited 140 hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) andcholangiocarcinoma (CCA) patients and 280 healthy volunteers for our unmatched case-control based association
study. In conclusion the GSTP1 null genotype apparently causes decreased risk of liver cancer in Thais. The
findings point to GSTP1 Ile105Val as a possible protective allele against liver cancer risk.
Asian Pacific J Cancer Prev, 10, 783-788
APJCP Vol 10, No 5

Asian Pacific Organization for Cancer Prevention and Control

Colorectal Carcinoma in Children - Experience at a Tertiary
Alia Zaidi, Farhana Badar,
Care Cancer Centre in Pakistan
Qasim Ahmed, Ayesha Yousaf, Aniqa Shujaat(drzaidi2012@hotmail.com)

Mini-Abstract
A retrospective review was conducted of medical records of all patients aged 18 years and less who wereregistered at Shaukat Khanum Memorial Cancer Hospital & Research Centre (SKMCH & RC), Lahore, Pakistan,with a diagnosis of colorectal carcinoma between 1st January 1995 and 1st January 2006. Our clinical experience
with these patients corresponds to other reports in literature that show a marked predominance of high grade
lesions, advanced stage at diagnosis, and poor responses to treatment in this age group. Our data suggest thatcolorectal cancer in children may be more common in our local population compared to figures from developed
countries.
Asian Pacific J Cancer Prev, 10, 789-794

Limited Efficacy of Cisplatin, UFT and Hydroxyurea
Treatment in a Retrospective Evaluation of Patients with
Metastatic Gastric Cancer M Emin Kalender, Celalettin Camci, Alper
Sevinc; on behalf of the Anatolian Society of Medical Oncology (kalender@gantep.edu.tr)
Mini-Abstract
In the present study we evaluated the efficacy of oral UFT instead of 5-FU and leucovorin. for metastatic
gasric cancer.. The results were progressive disease in 8 (57%) patients, stable disease in 2 (17%) patients andpartial response in 1 (7%) patient. The overall survival was 7.9 months (3-15), progression free survival was 3.4(1-7) months. Due to high toxicity and low response rates, cisplatin, UFT and hydroxyurea combination
demonstrated limited activity against gastric cancer and was not found to be effective for the treatment ofadvanced gastric cancer.
Asian Pacific J Cancer Prev, 10, 795-798

Cancer Incidences in Urban Delhi - 2001-05
Mini-Abstract

N Manoharan, B B Tyagi, Vinod Raina(nmano67@yahoo.com)

The Delhi Population based cancer registry collects data on new cancer cases diagnosed among Delhi urban
resident population. During the period 1st January 2001 to 31st December 2005 a total of 54,554 cases wereregistered. The age adjusted (world population) incidence rates were 116.9 per 100,000 for males and 116.7 per
100,000 for females. The leading sites of cancer among Delhi males was lung (ASR: 13.8 per 100,000) followedby oral cavity (ASR:11.4), prostate (ASR:9.0) and larynx (ASR:7.9). In females, breast (ASR: 30.2 per 100,000)
was the most common site of cancer, followed by cervix uteri (ASR:17.5), ovary (ASR:8.5) and gallbladder(ASR:7.4). The incidence of prostate cancer in males and ovary cancer in females in Delhi were the highest
among the Indian registries, while larynx among males was the second highest and the gallbladder cancer infemales was the highest among Indian metropolitan cities.
Asian Pacific J Cancer Prev, 10, 799-806

Patterns of Tobacco Use and Psychosocial Risk Factors Among
Students in 6th through 10th Grades in India: 2004-2006
Poonam Dhavan, Melissa H Stigler, Cheryl L Perry, Monika Arora, K
Srinath Reddy (Poonam.Dhavan@uth.tmc.edu)

Mini-Abstract

From 2004 to 2006, the 6th grade (or younger) cohort of students reported higher rates of lifetime tobaccouse, and these differences were maintained over two years, even when the study sample was stratified by gender,
age, city and school type. Similarly, students in the 6th grade (or younger) cohort scored greater risk for tobacco
use on all psychosocial risk factors analyzed here. Discussion: Tobacco use was found to be problematic among
students in two Indian cities, particularly so for those in younger grades. Projections of health impact due totobacco may be larger than anticipated if these adolescents continue to use tobacco as young adults.
Asian Pacific J Cancer Prev, 10, 807-813
APJCP Vol 10, No 5

Asian Pacific Organization for Cancer Prevention and Control

Site-Specific Evaluation of Prognostic Factors on Survivial in
Iranian Colorectal Cancer Patients: A Competing Risks
Survival Analysis M Asghari-Jafarabadi, E Hajizadeh, A Kazemnejad,
Mini-Abstract

SR Fatemi ( hajizadeh@modarec.ac.ir)

The results of univariate analysis showed that gender, body mass index (BMI), alcohol history, inflammatory
bowel disease (IBD), tumor size, tumor grade and pathologic stage were significantly associated with coloncancer and BMI, personal history of cancer, pathologic stage and the kind of first treatment used were significantly
related to rectal cancer. In the multivariate analysis, BMI, IBD, tumor grade and pathologic stage of the cancer
were significant prognostic factors for colon cancer and BMI and the kind of first treatment used were significant
prognostic factors of rectal cancer. Based on our findings, CRC is not a single entity and its sub-sites should be
evaluated separately to reveal hidden associations which may not be revealed under general modeling.
Asian Pacific J Cancer Prev,10, 815-821

Bayesian Analysis for Survival of Patients with Gastric
Ahmad Reza Baghestani, Ebrahim Hajizadeh,
Cancer in IranMini-Abstract

Seyed Reza Fatemi (hajizadeh@modares.ac.ir)

The aim of this study was to evaluate prognostic factors for gastric cancer using Bayesian interval censoring
analysis. This is a historical cohort study of 178 patients from February 2003 through January 2008, admittedwith gastric cancer to one referral hospital in Tehran. Age at diagnosis, sex, histology type, tumor grade, tumor
size, pathologic stage, lymph node metastasis and distant of metastasis were entered into the analysis using
Bayesian Weibull and Exponential models. Based on DIC, Bayesian analysis of the Weibull model performed
better than the Exponential model
Asian Pacific J Cancer Prev, 10, 823-826

Inhibitory Effects of High Temperature- and Pressure-TreatedGarlic on Formation of 1,2-Dimethylhydrazine-Induced
Mucin-Depleted Foci and O6-Methylguanine DNA Adducts in
the Rat Colorectum Takeshi Chihara, Kan Shimpo*, Takaaki Kaneko,
Hidehiko Beppu, Akiko Tomatsu, Shigeru Sonoda (shimpo@fujita-hu.ac.jp)
Mini-Abstract
This study first examined the modifying effects of HTPG on 1,2-dimethylhydrazine (DMH)-induced mucindepleted foci (MDF) and aberrant crypt foci (ACF), preneoplastic lesions in the rat colorectum. These results
suggested that HTPG might have chemopreventive effects against colon carcinogenesis, at least in the initiation
stage.
Asian Pacific J Cancer Prev, 10, 827-832

A Case-Control Study of Gallbladder Cancer in Hungary
Hiroto Nakadaira, Istvan Lang, Zoltan Szentirmay, Erika Hitre, Miklos Kaster,
Masaharu Yamamoto (nkdr@ n-seiryo.ac.jp)
Mini-Abstract
Our previous study indicated an association of chili pepper consumption with gallbladder cancer (GBC) in
the presence of gallstones (GS) in Chile. We investigated whether or not a similar association was present in
Hungary, where mortality from GBC is high and chili peppers are frequently consumed. In a case-control
study, we compared 41 female GBC patients with GS and 30 gender and GS-matched hospital controls.
Multivariate logistic regression analysis retained only Hungarian hot pepper consumption as a significant
independent risk factor for GBC. Its age-adjusted OR was 16.2 (95%CI: 2.1-126.2), while there were no differences
associated with low education, frequent consumption of fresh fruit and vegetables, low socioeconomic status or
smoking. Hungarian hot pepper consumption was identified as a risk factor for GBC by multivariate logistic
regression analysis.
Asian Pacific J Cancer Prev, 10, 833-836
APJCP Vol 10, No 5

Asian Pacific Organization for Cancer Prevention and Control

Factors Associated with HER2 Overexpression in Breast
Cancer: Experience in an Asian Developing Country
Gie-Hooi Tan, Wan-Yuen Choo, Nur Aishah Taib, Cheng-Har Yip (yipch@um.med.my)
Mini-Abstract
To evaluate the association between clinico-pathological features and HER2 overexpression in breast cancer.
, a retrospective study conducted in the Department of Surgery, University Malaya Medical Centre.HER2
overexpression was observed in 30.3% of Malaysian female breast cancer patients. This group of patients
represents a more aggressive subtype of breast cancer with higher tumour grade, PR negativity andlymphovascular positivity. No significant relationship was established between HER2 overexpression and age,
race, lymph node, ER, pathology subtype and stage of disease.
Asian Pacific J Cancer Prev, 10, 837-840

Perceptions of Breast Health Practices in Pakistani Muslim
Women
Maggi Banning1*, Haroon Hafeez(maggi.banning@brunel.ac.uk.)
Mini-Abstract
This study aimed to investigate the perceptions of Pakistani Muslim women in relation to the aetiology ofbreast cancer and impressions of breast health. The study took place in Lahore, Pakistan.Even though there isa desire amongst women to engage in BSE by being taught the necessary technique and specific pathologicalchanges to look for, there is a strong cultural opinion that breasts are private organs that should not be discussed
publically. In view of this and the frequency of breast cancer in Pakistani Muslim women, it is essential thatbreast awareness campaigns are implemented by health care professionals such as breast cancer nurses, midwives
and medical practitioners to explore the concept of BSE and breast cancer. Selective health education can educate
women and lead to changes in health behavior.
Asian Pacific J Cancer Prev, 10, 841-847

Do Knowledge, Attitudes and Practice of Iranian Health Care
Providers Meet WHO Recommendations on Early Detection
for Breast Cancer?
Iraj Harirchi, Seyed Mohsen Mousavi,
Mohammad Ali Mohagheghi, Alireza Mousavi-Jarrahi, Mandana Ebrahimi, Ali
Montazeri, Mohammad Naser Rahbar (mousavi@dkfz-heidelberg.de)Mini-Abstract

The present study was carried out to assess knowledge, attitudes and practice (KAP) concerning early detection
for breast cancer among Iranian health care provider. For six knowledge questions, 71.8% participants had
four or more correct responses, 80.5% agreed completely with ‘women will accept the screening program if thephysicians advise it’. However, 48% of female HCPs did not carry out any method of breast cancer screening forthemselves during the last year; 81.5% did not carry out breast examinations for the majority of female outpatientsand inpatients during last year; only 5.1% recommended breast self examination (BSE) to more than 70% of
their female patients.
Asian Pacific J Cancer Prev, 10, 849-851

Salted Meat Consumption and the Risk of Cancer: a Multisite
Case-Control Study in Uruguay Eduardo De Stefani, Dagfinn Aune,
Paolo Boffetta, Hugo Deneo-Pellegrini, Alvaro L Ronco, Gisele Acosta, Paul
Brennan, Gilles Ferro, María Mendilaharsu (estefani@adinet.com.uy)
Mini-Abstract
We used polytomous logistic regression to estimate odds ratios (ORs) and 95 % confidence intervals (CIs) for
the association between salted meat intake and the risk of several cancers in a case-control study from Uruguaythat was conducted between 1988 and 2005. Our results confirm previous reports of an elevated risk of oesophageal
cancer with higher intake of salted meat, but also suggest that salted meat intake may increase the risk of several
other cancers.
Asian Pacific J Cancer Prev, 10, 853-857
APJCP Vol 10, No 5

Asian Pacific Organization for Cancer Prevention and Control

Lack of Influence of XRCC1 and XPD Gene Polymorphisms
on Outcome of Platinum-based Chemotherapy for Advanced
Non Small Cell Lung Cancers Cheng-Yun Yao, Xin-En Huang, Chao
Li, Hong-Bing Shen, Mei-Qi Shi, Ji-Feng Feng, Liang-Xi Pan, Jin-Hai Tang
Mini-Abstract(huangxinen06@yahoo.com.cn)

This study was conducted to assess relationships between X-ray repair cross complementing group1 (XRCC1)
and xeroderma pigmentosum group D (XPD) genetic polymorphisms and outcome in NSCLC patients. No
association was found with either of the genetic polymorphisms, although the XRCC1 399Arg/Arg genotype
was associated with a non-significant higher median survival time (29 months versus 21 months for the Arg/Gln
genotype and 15 months for the Gln/Gln genotype, P=0.09).
Asian Pacific J Cancer Prev, 10, 859-864

The Risk of Malignancy Index (RMI) in Diagnosis of Ovarian
Malignancy Watcharada Moolthiya, Pissamai Yuenyao (pissamai@kku.ac.th)
Mini-Abstract
To evaluate the ability of two risk of malignancy indices (RMI) based on serum levels of CA 125,
ultrasonographic score, and menopausal status to discriminate between benign and borderline or malignant
ovarian tumor. Materials and Methods: A retrospective study was conducted in 209 women with pelvic masses
admitted for laparotomy at Srinagarind Hospital, between January 2002 and December 2007. The sensitivity,
specificity and positive predictive (PPV) and negative predictive (NPV) values of two RMI were calculated.
Results: Using a cut-off level of 200 to indicate malignancy, the RMI 1 gave sensitivity of 70.6%, specificity of
83.9%, PPV of 75%, and NPV of 80.6%. The RMI 2 gave sensitivity of 80%, specificity of 78.2%, PPV of
71.6%, and NPV of 85.1%. The RMI 2 was significantly better in predicting malignancy than RMI 1.
Asian Pacific J Cancer Prev, 10, 865-868

Egg Consumption and the Risk of Cancer: a Multisite CaseControl Study in Uruguay Dagfinn Aune, Eduardo De Stefani, Alvaro
L Ronco, Paolo Boffetta, Hugo Deneo-Pellegrini, Gisele Acosta, María
Mendilaharsu (Zubair.ahmad@aku.edu)
Mini-Abstract
To further explore the association between egg intake and cancer risk we conducted a case-control study of
11 cancer sites in Uruguay between 1996 and 2004, including 3,539 cancer cases and 2,032 hospital controls.
Results: In the multivariable model with adjustment for age, sex (when applicable), residence, education, income,interviewer, smoking, alcohol intake, BMI, intake of fruits and vegetables, grains, dairy products, total meatand other fatty foods, mate tea and energy, there was a significant increase in the odds of cancers of the oralcavity and pharynx , upper aerodigestive tract, colorectum, lung , breast, prostate, bladder and all cancer sites
combined for a high vs. low egg intake.
Asian Pacific J Cancer Prev, 10, 869-876

Body Size, Physical Activity and Risk of Breast Cancer – A
Case Control Study in Jangsu Province of China
Chang-Ming Gao, Kazuo Tajima, Jian-Hua Ding, Jin-Hai Tang, Jian-Zhong Wu,
Su-Ping Li, Hai-Xia Cao, Yan-Ting Liu, Ping Su, Yun Qian, Jun Chang,
Toshiro Takezaki (gaocm888@126.com)
Mini-Abstract
To evaluate the relationship between body size, physical activity and risk of breast cancer, we conducted acase-control study with 669 cases and 682 population-based controls in Jiangsu Province of China. Current
height, weight and weight at around age 20 years were significantly positively correlated with risk of breast
cancer. Obese women (current BMI ≥25 kg/m2) were also at significantly increased risk for developing breast
cancer. These findings support that breast cancer risk is associated with body size, and that moderate occupationaland recreational physical activity has protective effects.
Asian Pacific J Cancer Prev, 10, 877-881
APJCP Vol 10, No 5

Asian Pacific Organization for Cancer Prevention and Control

Endoscopic Observation of N-Methyl-N'-Nitro-NNitrosoguanidine-Induced Gastric Carcinogenesis in Rat Using
A Newly-Developed Flexible Endoscope Shinya Kondo, Takeshi
Toyoda, Atsushi Maruyama, Shinichi Morita, Hidetoshi Sato, Yuichi Komachi,
Genichi Kanai, Takafumi Ando, Hidemi Goto, Masae Tatematsu, Tetsuya
Tsukamoto (ttsukamt@gmail.com)
Mini-Abstract
In the present study, we applied endoscopic examination and biopsy technique on N-methyl-N'-nitro-Nnitrosoguanidine (MNNG)-induced stomach cancer in rats using a newly-developed flexible 2.5 mm endoscope.
hese results indicate that the endoscopic technique can be a useful tool for investigating gastric carcinogenesisby sequential observation and collection of biopsy specimens.
Asian Pacific J Cancer Prev, 10, 883-886

Crocin from Kashmiri Saffron (Crocus sativus) Induces in
Vitro and in Vivo Xenograft Growth Inhibition of Dalton’s
Lymphoma (DLA) in Mice Hamid A Bakshi, Smitha Sam, Anna Feroz,
Zeinab Ravesh, Gowhar Ahmad Shah, Manik Sharma (hamid.bakshi@gmail.com)
Mini-Abstract
In this study we investigated in vitro and in vivo xenograft growth inhibition by crocin isolated from Kashmiri
saffron (Crocus sativus). There was 95.6% reduction of solid tumor in crocin treated animals on the 31st day
after tumor inoculation. Crocin also showed significant impact on hematological parameters, like the hemoglobincount and numbers of lymphocytes.
Asian Pacific J Cancer Prev, 10, 887-890

Primary Malignancies of Bone and Cartilage in Karachi
Yasmin Bhurgri, Ahmed Usman, Hadi Bhurgri, Naveen Faridi, Imtiaz Bashir,
Asif Bhurgri, Sheema H Hasan, Mohammad Khurshid, SMH Zaidi(yasmin.bhurgri@gmail.com )Mini-Abstract
The present population-based study was conducted with the objective of examining descriptive epidemiologicalcharacteristics of primary sarcomas of bone and cartilage (BS) in Karachi. Karachi falls into a high risk region
for BS, which were observed in a relatively younger population, with a male predominance and a high frequencyof osteosarcoma. The underlying factors for BS in Karachi need to be addressed considering the overwhelming
proportion of youngsters at risk and the late presentation.
Asian Pacific J Cancer Prev, 10, 891-894

Analyses on the Rate and Epidemic Characteristics of Anxiety
and Depression among Cancer Patients in Yangpu District inShanghaiAnle Li ( anle_li@yahoo.com.cn)
Mini-Abstract
To investigate the rate and epidemic characteristics of anxiety and depression of cancer patients in Yangpu
district in Shanghai, China, a self-rating anxiety scale (SAS) and a self-rating depression scale (SDS) were used
to value 560 cancer patients living in a community, randomly selected from the “Shanghai cancer patients
database” in cluster sampling. The results suggest that Psychological intervention is necessary for cancer patients,
with comprehensive measures to improve life qualities and healing effects.
Asian Pacific J Cancer Prev, 10, 895-898
APJCP Vol 10, No 5

Asian Pacific Organization for Cancer Prevention and Control

Effect of Dietary Intake on the Levels of Biliary Unsaturated
Free Fatty Acids Having Inhibitory Activity on Mutagens Iván
Serra, Yasuo Tsuchiya, Yasushi Hori, Kazutoshi Nakamura, Rodrigo Villegas,
Mari Oyama, Masaharu Yamamoto(troof@med.niigata-u.ac.jp)
Mini-Abstract
In order to examine possible associations with unsaturated free fatty acids (FFAs) , bile samples were collectedfrom resected gallbladders of 114 Chilean female patients with gallstones, and FFAs were measured with an
HPLC system. Linoleic, linolenic, and arachidonic acids which may have an inhibitory effect on actions of
unknown mutagens in bile appear to be increased by consumption of high levels of fish and fried foods.
Asian Pacific J Cancer Prev, 10, 899-902

Childhood Acute Leukemia in West Bengal, India with an
Emphasis on Uncommon Clinical Features Saumitra Biswas,
Sudipta Chakrabarti, Jayati Chakraborty, Prabir Chandra Paul, Abantika
Konar, Shikha Das (saumitra_b04@yahoo.co.in)

Mini-Abstract

This study was undertaken on 75 children at NRS Medical College, West Bengal to determine the distributionof signs and symptoms of leukemia and to identify unusual clinical features. The uncommon signs and symptoms
were abdominal pain (9.3%), joint pain (9.3%), hematemesis and malena (8%), diarrhea (5.33%), proptosis (2cases), dysphagia, mediastinal mass and parotid swelling (1 case each). Uncommon clinical presentations lead todelay in diagnosis in some cases. Awareness of uncommon signs and symptoms of childhood leukemia together
with laboratory tests may help in earlier diagnosis and proper management of the patients.
Asian Pacific J Cancer Prev, 10, 903-906

Immunohistochemical Determination of Estrogen andProgesterone Receptors in Canine Mammary Tumors P Toniti,
S Buranasinsup, A Kongcharoen, P Charoonrut, P Puchadapirom,
C Kasorndorkbua (vsptn@mahidol.ac.th)
Mini-Abstract
In the present study, we combined histopathology with immunohistochemical staining of estrogen receptors(ER) and progesterone receptors (PR) in canine mammary gland tumors. Nearly 70% were negatively stainedfor ER or PR, 14% were PR positively stained, 14% were both PR and ER stained and 5% were ER stained. In
summary, more than half of of our benign and malignant canine mammary tumors were negatively stained for
ER and PR. This indicates a lack of correlation with estrogen and/or progesterone receptor expression.
Asian Pacific J Cancer Prev, 10, 907-912

Evaluation of Anticarcinogenic and Antimutagenic Potentialof Bauhinia variegata Extract in Swiss Albino Mice
RC Agrawal, Sonam Pandey (rcagrawal60@yahoo.com)
Mini-Abstract
Infusions from the bark of Bauhinia is used to treat various diseases in the traditional medical system ofIndia and decoction of the roots is used in dyspepsia and act as an antidote to snake poison. Its chemopreventive
potential for cancer was the subject of the present study. An increase in life span was noted and tumour size wassignificantly reduced as compared to controls. In antimutagenicity studies,a single application of Kachanar
extract at doses of 500, 1000 and 1500 mg/kg dry weight, 24hours prior the i.p. administration of cyclophosphamide(at the 50 mg/kg) significantly prevented micronucleus formation and chromosomal aberrations in bone marrowcells of mice, in a dose dependent manner.
Asian Pacific J Cancer Prev, 10, 913-916
APJCP Vol 10, No 5

Asian Pacific Organization for Cancer Prevention and Control

Pediatric Nasopharyngeal Carcinoma: A Review of 27 Cases
over 10 Years at Shaukat Khanum Memorial Cancer Hospitaland Research Center, Pakistan Haleema Saeed, Alia Zaidi, Mehreen
Mini-Abstract

Adhi, Rabia Hasan, Amber Dawson (haleemahsaeed@yahoo.com)

This study aims to review the clinical features, treatment and outcome of pediatric nasopharyngeal Carcinoma
at Shaukat Khanum Memorial Cancer Hospital and Research Center over ten years. In our institutional study,
NPC presents late and in advanced stage. The outcome is better in younger children. Our survival rates, while
comparable to developing countries, are less than those seen in the developed world. We feel a strong need forcollaborative studies in view of small numbers in individual centres.
Asian Pacific J Cancer Prev, 10, 917-920

Imipenem in the Treatment of Febrile Neutropenic Children
Fatih Erbey, Ibrahim Bayram, Sema Yilma, Atila Tanyeli(erbeyfa@gmail.com )Mini-Abstract
The objective was to determine the efficacy and safety of imipenem in the treatment of febrile neutropenia
FN in children with cancer. FN duration was observed to be significantly longer in patients with an ANC of lessthan 200/mm3, and in children who were not in remission for the underlying malignant disease. In addition,
average time of stay in hospital was observed to be significantly longer in patients who were not in remission for
the underlying malign disease. All of the patients were discharged. The success rate of empirical therapy started
with imipenem was found be 95.8 %.
Asian Pacific J Cancer Prev, 10, 921-924

Food Intake and Colorectal Adenomas: A Case-Control Studyin Malaysia Amutha Ramadas, Mirnalini Kandiah ( mirna@medic.upm.edu.my)
Mini-Abstract
In previous studies, intake of fruits, vegetables and legumes were found to decrease the risk for colorectal
adenomas (CRA) and colorectal cancer. This case-control study aimed to evaluate the roles of a variety of foodsin contributing to the risk of CRA in Malaysian subjects. our data support protective roles for soy, fruits andvegetables in the aetiology of colorectal adenomas and increase in risk in those with high intakes of red meat andtubers. Food intake of an individual may have an influence on one’s risk for developing CRA. This finding
warrants further investigation before the protective effect of these food items is to be accepted. New studies
should explore the possibility of these associations among individuals in the general population especially withregard to different ethnic or other groups in Malaysia with low fruit and vegetable consumption.
Asian Pacific J Cancer Prev, 10, 925-932

Ursolic Acid Attenuates Oxidative Stress-mediatedHepatocellular Carcinoma Induction by Diethylnitrosaminein Male Wistar Rats Renganathan Gayathri*, D Kalpana Deepa Priya,
GR Gunassekaran, Dhanapal Sakthisekaran (gayathri71@hotmail.com)
Mini-Abstract
The purpose of this study was to evaluate the effect of ursolic acid in diethylnitrosamine (DEN) induced andphenobarbital promoted hepatocarcinogenesis in male Wistar rats. The findings suggested effectiveness of UA
in reducing the oxidative stress mediated changes in liver of rats. Since UA has been found to be a potent
antioxidant, it can be suggested as an excellent chemopreventive agent in overcoming diseases like cancer which
are mediated by free radicals.
Asian Pacific J Cancer Prev, 10, 933-938
APJCP Vol 10, No 5

Asian Pacific Organization for Cancer Prevention and Control

Construction of a Multi-Functional Helper-Dependent
Adenovirus Based System for Cancer Gene Therapy Ne Long,
Stephan Hardiville, Annick Pierce, Katsume Fukamachi, Mitsuru Futakuchi,David B Alexander, Tomoyuki Shirai, Hiroyuki Tsuda (dalexand@med.nagoya-cu.ac.jp)
Mini-Abstract
This manuscript describes the construction of a prototype helper-dependent adenovirus system built suchthat it can be easily modified. The helper-dependent virus described here is built of a series of four cassettes,
each with its own function. Furthermore, each individual cassette can be removed and replaced with a cassettewith a different function. In this way, different helper-dependent viruses can be readily created. This type ofsystem could be very useful in cancer therapy: For example, libraries of different cassettes could be maintained,
allowing rapid assembly of constructs able to provide therapy for individual tumor types.
Asian Pacific J Cancer Prev, 10, 939-960

Pesticides, Fresh Water Fish, Liver Flukes and Nitrosamines:
A Story of Cholangiocarcinoma Development in Thailand
Viroj Wiwanitkit(wviroj@yahoo.com)

Mini-Abstract
Cholangiocarcinoma is a common hepatobiliary carcinoma in Thailand. It is believed that both chronic
exposure to liver fluke infestation and nitrosamine exposure are the two main underlying factors leading to the
carcinogenesis. Here, the author further extrapolates and proposes a new hypothesis based on the environmental
ecological data that the stimulation of fresh water fish by contaminated pesticide in water reservoirs might be apossible background of the high prevalence of cholangiocarcinoma in Thailand.
Asian Pacific J Cancer Prev, 10, 961-962

Notes

APJCP Vol 10, No 5

Asian Pacific Organization for Cancer Prevention and Control

CONFERENCES
5th General Assembly Conferernce of the
APOCP
President: Murat Tuncer

April 3rd-7th
The 5th APOCP Regional Conference

Towards ‘Cancer Prevention for All’ in the
Asia-Pacific Region
Date: July 7th-8th, 2011
Venue : Int’l Conference Hall, National Cancer Center,
Goyang, South Korea

Organizing Committee:
President: Keun-Young Yoo (Professor, Seoul National University)
Chairman: Eun-Cheol Park (Director, National Cancer Control Institute)
Hosted by National Cancer Center, Korea (President Jin-Soo Lee)
APJCP Vol 10, No 5

Contact:Jin-Young Bang (Ms)
Cancer Control Planning & Evaluation TeamTel : +82-31-920-2904, Fax : +82-31-920-2909
E-Mail : jyb@ncc.re.kr
Website : http://www. ncc.re.kr/english

Asian Pacific Organization for Cancer Prevention and Control

ASIAN PACIFIC JOURNAL OF CANCER PREVENTION
INFORMATION FOR AUTHORSAPJCP Editorial Office. The editorial offices are located in Thailand and Japan but submission is all electronic.
Types of Manuscript.
Editorials
Commentaries

Reviews/Mini-reviews
Policy and Practice Reports

Research Communications
Letters to the Editor

Peer Review.
Manuscripts submitted to the APJCP are reviewed by two or more authorities for significance and validity andcomments are all supplied to the author. Advice as to acceptability will normally be supplied within one or twomonths.
Submission of Manuscripts.
Manuscripts can be submitted to Malcolm Moore at apocpcontrol@yahoo.com or any of the Subject Editors
listed inside the front cover. There are no submission or page charges. Please send a Microsoft Word file for text and a
Powerpoint file for figures. No hard copy is necessary except when a figure may be needed for scanning.
Conflict of Interest.
Information as to commercial or other links which might pose a conflict of interest should be provided. Funding
sources can be acknowledged in the Acknowledgements.
Permission for Inclusion of Published Material.
The authors have full responsibility for obtaining permission for inclusion of previously published material inwork submitted to the APJCP.
Organization of Manuscripts.
Title page: Concise title, authors names and affiliations, address for correspondence, Fax number, Email address
Abstract page: Concise abstract and key words
Text pages: Arranged as appropriate for the type of manuscript
References: In text cited as Yellow (2000), (Brown and Pink, 2000), (Black et al., 2000): NOT NUMBERED!
Earliest first, then chronologically and alphabetically
List: alphabetically then by year, all authors if up to five, three and et al for more.
Format:Brown A, Pink B, Black C, et al (2000). Cancer prevention in the Asian-Pacific. Asian Pac
J Cancer Prev, 8, 10-2.
Brown A, Pink B, Black C, et al (2000). Cancer prevention. In ‘Neoplasia’ , Eds Blue D
and Red E. Asian Pacific Education Press, Bangkok pp1-10
Illustrations: Should be of size and quality for direct downloading.
Proofs and Copyright.
Proofs will be sent as pdf files. Reprints can not be provided but the authors will be able to print out whatevercopies they need from the final pdf file. They retain copyright other than that necessary for publication in the APJCP.

INFORMATION FOR ANY INTERESTED IN BECOMING APOCPC MEMBERS
The bimonthly electronic Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention (APJCP) is published by the Asian PacificOrganization for Cancer Prevention and Control with support from the UICC-Asian Regional Office for Cancer Control
to promote increased awareness and knowledge in all areas of cancer prevention/control and to stimulate collaborative
efforts and practical intervention approaches in the different countries and states of the Asian Pacific region. The
journal is indexed on PubMed and Science Citation Index Expanded and free pdf files can be downloaded from our
website www.apocp.org. There are no subscription charges and individual membership is free. If you wish to be belisted as a member and receive a quarterly pdf APJCP Contents and Mini-Abstracts please send an email with yourdetails to Malcolm Moore.
The APOCPC is a non-profit concern. Any donations ( listed in the yearly report) are used to support meetings
and training courses to help achieve the aims of cancer prevention/control in the Asian Pacific region.
APJCP Vol 10, No 5

Asian Pacific Organization for Cancer Prevention and Control

CONTENTS APJCP Volume 10, Number 5, Sept-Oct 2009
MINI-REVIEWS
Physical Activity and Health Kruk

.

.

.

.

.

.

Cancer in Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander People of Australia Roder and Currow

.

.

.

.

.

721

.

.

.

.

.

729

RESEARCH COMMUNICATIONS
Awareness of Cervical Cancer Risk Factors and Screening Behaviour among Nurses in a Rural Region of Turkey

Gul Ertem

Colorectal Stenting for Management of Acute Malignant Bowel Obstruction in Advanced Colorectal Cancer in Iran

Reza et al

735
739

Mammography Screening: Female Doctors’ Attitude and Practice in Sana’a, Yemen Al-Naggar et al

.

.

.

Challenges to Cervical Screening in a Developing Country: The Case of Malaysia Othman and Matejka

.

.

.

743
747

Age-standardized Incidence Rates for Childhood Cancers at a Cancer Hospital in a Developing Country Badar et al.

753

Diagnostic Performance of Gray-scale versus Combined Gray-scale with Colour Doppler Ultrasonography in the Diagnosis of
Malignancy in Thyroid Nodules Phuttharak et al
.
.
.
.
.
759
Comparison of Three Educational Interventions on Breast Self-Examination Knowledge and Health Beliefs.

765

Immunohistochemical Analysis of ER, PR, Her2 and CK5/6 in Infiltrative Breast Carcinomas in Indian Patients Munjal et al.

Gürsoy et al773

Proportion of Gynecologic Cancer Patients Using Complementary and Alternative Medicine Supoken et al.

779

Glutathione S-Transferase P1 Variant Plays a Major Contribution to Decreased Susceptibility to Liver Cancer in Thais
Viratroumanee et al
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.

.

.

783

Colorectal Carcinoma in Children - Experience at a Tertiary Care Cancer Centre in Pakistan Zaidi et al

.

789

.

Limited Efficacy of Cisplatin, UFT and Hydroxyurea Treatment in Patients with Metastatic Gastric Cancer Kalender et al.

795

Cancer Incidences in Urban Delhi - 2001-05 Manoharan et al.

799

Patterns of Tobacco Use and Psychosocial Risk Factors Among Students in 6th - 10th Grades in India: 2004-6 Dhavan et al .

807

Site-Specific Evaluation of Prognostic Factors on Survival in Iranian Colorectal Cancer Patients: A Competing Risks
Survival Analysis Asghari-Jafarabadi et al
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.

.

815

Bayesian Analysis for Survival of Patients with Gastric Cancer in Iran Baghestani et al.

823

Inhibitory Effects of High Temperature- and Pressure-Treated Garlic on Formation of 1,2-Dimethylhydrazine-Induced
Mucin-Depleted Foci and O6-Methylguanine DNA Adducts in the Rat Colorectum Chihara et al
.
.
.

.

827

A Case-Control Study of Gallbladder Cancer in Hungary Nakadaira et al

.

.

833

Factors Associated with HER2 Overexpression in Breast Cancer: Experience in an Asian Developing Country Tan et al.

837

Perceptions of Breast Health Practices in Pakistani Muslim Women Banning and Hafeez

.

.

.

.

.

.

.

.

.

.

.

.

.

.

.

.

.

.

.

841

.

.

.

.

849

Salted Meat Consumption and the Risk of Cancer: a Multisite Case-Control Study in Uruguay De Stefani et al

.

.

853

Lack of Influence of XRCC1 and XPD Gene Polymorphisms on Outcome of Platinum-based Chemotherapy for Advanced
Non Small Cell Lung Cancers Yao et al
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.

.

859

Egg Consumption and the Risk of Cancer: a Multisite Case-Control Study in Uruguay Aune et al

.

.

869

Body Size, Physical Activity and Risk of Breast Cancer – A Case Control Study in Jangsu Province of China Gao et al.

877

Endoscopic Observation of N-Methyl-N'-Nitro-N-Nitrosoguanidine-Induced Gastric Carcinogenesis in Rat Using
A Newly-Developed Flexible Endoscope Kondo et al
.
.
.
.
.
.
.

.

.

883

.

.

887

.

.

891

Early Detection for Breast Cancer in Iran Harirchi et al

.

.

.

.

.

.

Crocin from Kashmiri Saffron (Crocus sativus) Induces in Vitro and in Vivo Xenograft Growth Inhibitionof Dalton’s Lymphoma (DLA) in Mice Hamid A Bakshi et al
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
Primary Malignancies of Bone and Cartilage in Karachi Yasmin Bhurgri et al
.
.
.
.

.

895

Effect of Dietary Intake on the Levels of Biliary Unsaturated Free Fatty Acids Having Inhibitory Activity on Mutagens
Serra et al
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.

Rate and Epidemic Characteristics of Anxiety and Depression among Cancer Patients in Yangpu District in Shanghai.

899

Childhood Acute Leukemia in West Bengal, India with an Emphasis on Uncommon Clinical Features Biswas et al.

903

Immunohistochemical Determination of Estrogen and Progesterone Receptors in Canine Mammary Tumors Toniti et al.

907

Evaluation of Anticarcinogenic and Antimutagenic Potential of Bauhinia variegata Extract in Swiss Albino Mice
Agrawal and Pandey
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.

.

.

913

Pediatric Nasopharyngeal Carcinoma: A Review of 27 Cases over 10 Years at Shaukat Khanum Memorial Cancer Hospitaland Research Center, Pakistan Saeed et al
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.

917

Imipenem in the Treatment of Febrile Neutropenic Children Fatih Erbey et al

.

921

.

925

.

.

.

.

.

Li

.

Food Intake and Colorectal Adenomas: A Case-Control Study in Malaysia Amutha Ramadas and Mirnalini Kandiah

Ursolic Acid Attenuates Oxidative Stress-mediated Hepatocellular Carcinoma Induction by Diethylnitrosamine in Male Wistar Rats
Renganathan Gayathri et al
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
933
Construction of a Multi-Functional Helper-Dependent Adenovirus Based System for Cancer Gene Therapy Long et al

.

939

.

961

COMMENTARY
Pesticides, Fresh Water Fish, Liver Flukes and Nitrosamines: A Story of Cholangiocarcinoma Development in Thailand
Wiwanitkit
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.

APJCP Vol 10, No 5