SC/65a/O09

Cruise Report of the Japanese Whale Research Program
under Special Permit in the Antarctic-Second Phase (JARPA
II) in 2012/2013
Tsutomu Tamura1), Toshihiro Mogoe1), Tatsuya Isoda1), Kazuyoshi Nakai1), Hitomi Sato1), Kazuu Tamahashi2), Tohru
Takamatsu2), Masakatsu Mori2), Masaomi Tsunekawa2), Isamu Yoshimura2), Takashi Yoshida1) and Tomoyuki Ogawa2).

1) The Institute of Cetacean Research, 4-5 Toyomi-cho, Chuo-ku, Tokyo 104-0055 Japan.
2) Kyodo Senpaku Kaisya, Ltd., 4-5 Toyomi-cho, Chuo-ku, Tokyo 104-0055 Japan.

ABSTRACTThe eighth research cruise of the Japanese Whale Research Program under the Special Permit in the AntarcticSecond Phase (JARPA II) was conducted during the 2012/13 austral summer season, under Article VIII of theInternational Convention for the Regulation of Whaling (ICRW). Three sighting and sampling vessels (SSVs)
and one research base ship were engaged in the research for 48 days, from 26 January to 14 March 2013 in
Areas III East (35°E - 70°E), IV (70°E - 130°E), V West (130°E - 165°E) and part of Area V East (165°E 175°E). Unfortunately the research activities were interrupted several times by an anti-whaling group (SeaShepherd, SS) which directed violent sabotage activities against Japanese research vessels. The research
activity of the SSVs was also interrupted several times by the SS group. There was direct sabotage on the
research activities from the SS over 21 days. However, the research activities were influenced negatively by
the SS during the entire research period. The total searching distance was 2,103.3n.miles. Eleven species
including five baleen whales (Antarctic minke, blue, fin, humpback and southern right whales) and two toothed
whales (sperm, southern bottlenose whales) were sighted during the research period. A total of 227 schools(412 animals) of humpback whales was sighted. It was the dominant whale species in the research area
followed by the Antarctic minke whales (149 schools, 280 animals), fin whales (61 schools, 241 animals). The
number of sightings of the humpback whales was about 1.5 times higher than that of Antarctic minke whales.
A total of 103 Antarctic minke whales were sampled. All whales sampled were examined on board theresearch base vessel. Photo-id experiments were conducted on three blue whales, seven humpback whales andone southern right whale. A total of three skin biopsy samples were collected from humpback whales.
Oceanographic surveys were conducted at 55 points using XCTD to investigate vertical sea temperature andsalinity profiles. The main results of this survey can be summarized as follows: 1) humpback whales were
widely distributed in the research area and its density index was higher than that of the Antarctic minke whales
in all areas except in the Prydz Bay; 2) the ice-free extent of the research area was substantially larger than inpast seasons; 3) mature female Antarctic minke whale were observed only in the Prydz Bay; 4) all Antarctic
minke whales sampled in Area IV east were immature animals.
KEYWORDS: ANTARCTIC MINKE WHALE; HUMPBACK WHALE; SCIENTIFIC PERMITS

1

INTRODUCTION
The Japanese Whale Research Program under Special Permit in the Antarctic (JARPA) was conducted between 1987/88
and 2004/05 austral summer seasons, under Article VIII of the International Convention for the Regulation of Whaling.
JARPA provided a wide variety of information on biological parameters of Antarctic minke whale (Balaenoptera
bonaerensis) such as the natural mortality coefficient and changes over time in the age at maturity as well as narrowing
down the parameters of relevance for stock management (IWC, 1998, Anonymous, 2005). JARPA also elucidated that
there were at least two stocks of Antarctic minke whales in the research area but their geographical boundaries weredifferent from those used for the IWC Areas (Pastene, 2006). Also JARPA found that pollutant concentration in whale’s
tissues, such as heavy metals and PCBs, was extremely low (Yasunaga et al, 2006). Further, JARPA showed an annual
decreasing trend in energy storage in the 18 year period of JARPA (Konishi et al., 2008). JARPA has thus successfully
obtained data related to the initially proposed objectives (IWC, 2007; 2008a).
Based on these considerations, the Government of Japan launched a new comprehensive study under the Second Phaseof the Japanese Whale Research Program under Special Permit in the Antarctic (JARPA II), combining lethal and nonlethal methods, starting from the 2005/2006 austral summer season (Government of Japan, 2005). The full-scale
JARPAII started from the 2007/08 season. JARPA II is a long-term research program with the following objectives: 1)
Monitoring of the Antarctic ecosystem, 2) Modeling interaction among whale species and developing future
management objectives, 3) Elucidation of temporal and spatial changes in stock structure and 4) Improving themanagement procedure for the Antarctic minke whale stocks. JARPA II focuses on Antarctic minke whale, humpback
whale (Megaptera novaeangliae), fin whale (B. physalus) and possibly other species in the Antarctic ecosystem that are
major predators of Antarctic krill.
JARPAII is a perfectly legal activity carried out under the ICRW. Despite this in recent years a violent anti-whaling
group (Sea Shepherd, SS) has engaged in violent sabotage activities against the research vessels of JARPA II. The IWC
has condemned SS’s tactics against Japan’s whale research vessels. In 2008 the IWC member countries adopted byconsensus a statement which calls this group “to refrain from dangerous actions that jeopardize safety at sea”,
regardless of different positions of countries on whaling (IWC 2008b). The International Maritime Organization (IMO)
also adopted a resolution that seriously concerned safety and security of vessels, human life and marine environment
caused by unlawful protests or confrontations on the high seas (IMO, 2010).
Despite those international efforts to avoid confrontations at sea, the research activities of the JARPA II survey in2012/13 were again interrupted by the SS group during the research area. In order to secure safety for the research
vessels and their crew members, the planned sighting vessels had to dedicate many of its planned research time tosecurity tasks. It was very regrettable and disappointing to report that this large investment - dedicated sighting survey
in the Antarctic - had to be cancelled in the 2012/13 season as same as the 2011/12. These dedicated sighting surveys
were planned according to the IWC survey guideline (IWC, 2005) and were endorsed by the IWC SC in 2011 and 2012
(IWC, 2011, 2012).
The present paper reports the eighth survey of the JARPA II conducted during the austral summer season 2012/13.

MATERIALS AND METHODS
Research vessels
The research fleet was composed of one dedicated sighting vessel, two sighting and sampling vessels and one researchbase vessel. The following vessels were used.
Research base vessel
Nisshin-Maru (NM; 8,141 tons)
Sighting and sampling vessels (SSVs)
Yushin-Maru (YS; 720 tons)
Yushin-Maru No.2 (YS2; 747 tons)
Yushin-Maru No.3 (YS3; 742 tons)

Two SSVs (YS and YS2) were engaged in sighting and oceanographic surveys and most of the experiments. NM served
as a research base on which all biological examinations of sampled whales were conducted.
2

Research area and ice edge
The area covered by JARPA II is basically the same as in JARPA; the eastern part of Area III, Areas IV and V, and thewestern part of Area VI. The total area extents from 35°E to 145°W, south of 60°S. In this season, JARPA II surveyed
the eastern part of Area III, Area IV and western part of Area V (35°E - 165°E). Figure 1 shows the geographic locationof the research area for the 2012/2013 JARPA II survey. For this survey, our best estimate of the position of the iceedge was based on our visual and radar observations of the ice edge as well as satellite predictions. In this season, theice-free extent of the research area including the Prydz Bay was substantially larger than previous surveys.
Survey track design
The survey track line for the SSVs consisted of a zigzag course changing direction at 1°40’ longitudinal degree intervals.
For SSVs, two parallel track lines were set at 7n.miles apart.
Sighting methods
Sighting procedures were the same as in the previous JARPA surveys (e.g. Nishiwaki et al. 2007). The sighting surveys
by SSVs were conducted under limited closing mode (when a sighting of Antarctic minke whales were made on thepredetermined track line, the vessel approached the whales and confirmed species and school size). Three SSVs
advanced along parallel track lines 7n.miles apart, at a standard speed of 11.5 knots. The survey was operated under
optimal research conditions (i.e., the wind speed below 25 knot in the south strata and 20 knot in the north strata, andvisibility of more than 1.5n.miles). In addition to the sighting of Antarctic minke whales, the SSVs approached blue (B.
musculus), fin, humpback, southern right (Eubalaena australis), pigmy right (Caperea marginata), sei (B.borealis),
sperm (Physeter macrocehpalus) and southern bottlenose (Hyperoodon planifrons) for conducting some experiments.
The SSVs also approached the same whale species for experiments while they engaged in sighting survey.
Sampling methods
Three SSVs were engaged in sampling survey. Sampling of 850 Antarctic minke whales (with 10 % of allowance) and
50 fin whales was planned in the research area south of 62°S during 2012/13 JARPA2. Although the original plan
included 50 humpback whales (Government of Japan, 2005), Government of Japan decided to suspend the sampling of
humpback whales.
One to two Antarctic minke whales were sampled randomly from each primary sighted school within 3n.miles of the
track line. Dwarf minke whales were not a target for sampling. Sampling of fin whales was restricted to those animals
with an estimated body length less than 20m due to logistic limitations at the NM. Only one fin whale was planed to besampled from each primary sighted school within 3n.miles of the track line. If two or more animals smaller than 18m
were found in a school, then only one of them was randomly selected and sampled.
Biological research
Most of the biological research methods used in this JARPA II survey were developed and improved during the JARPA
18 year research period. Biological research including scaling body weight on all sampled whales was conducted on the
NM.
Experiments
Sighting distance and angle experimentThis experiment was conducted in order to evaluate the accuracy of the information on sighting distance and sighting
angle given by observers of the SSVs.
Photo-identification experiment
The following species were targeted for photographic record of natural markings by SSVs: blue, humpback andsouthern right whales.
Biopsy sampling
In addition to the species targeted for photo-identification experiment, pygmy right, fin, sei, Antarctic minke, sperm andsouthern bottlenose, were targeted for biopsy skin sampling by the SSVs using compound-crossbow. All collected
sample were preserved at –20°C.

Satellite tag

3

Blue, southern right and humpback whales were the target species for this experiment by the SSVs, which used the ICR
air gun (Kasamatsu et al., 1991).

Vomiting and feacal observation
The SSVs were engaged in observations of vomits and feaces of sighted whales.
Marine debris observation
Observation of marine debris was conducted from the wheelhouse of the SSV (YS2) in the research area. Marine debris
was also investigated in the stomach contents of Antarctic minke and fin whales sampled.
Oceanographic survey
Two SSVs (YS and YS2) planned the following oceanographic survey; 1) consecutive measuring of vertical watertemperature profile by Expendable XCTD system and 2) marine debris recording in the research area. All marine debris
found in the stomach of whales taken was also recorded on the NM.
RESULTS AND DISCUSSIONS
Outline of the cruise
SSV (YS3) departed Shiogama (Japan) on 26 December 2012. Two SSVs (YS1 and YS2) and NM departed from
Shimonoseki and Innoshima, respectively on 28 December 2012 and started Antarctic sighting and sampling surveys in
the research area on 26 January 2013. The Antarctic research period of this cruise was 48 days from 26 January 2013 to
14 March 2013. The research activities were interrupted directly by the SS over 21 days. However, the research
activities in the whole period were influences negatively by this group. Sighting and sampling effort was substantiallydiminished. Research vessels were frequently attacked by the anti-whaling group and the survey was interrupted inseveral opportunities. One SSV (YS3) had to be engaged in monitoring the anti-whaling group vessels most of theresearch period. Due to this interference SSVs (YS1 and YS2) cancelled the research in the large part of the researcharea, Area III east, a part of Area IV, Area V. SSV (YS3) arrived at Tokyo on 4 April 2013 and Two SSVs (YS1 andYS2) and NM arrived at Shimonoseki on 7 April 2013.
Sighting survey and whale species sighted
The total searching distances was 2,103.3n.miles consisting of 1,304.8 nameless for the sampling mode and 798.5
n.miles for the sighting mode. Seven species including five baleen whales and two toothed whales were identified
during the research period. The following five species of baleen whales were confirmed: Antarctic minke, blue, fin,
humpback and southern right whales, and two toothed whale species were confirmed; sperm and southern bottlenose
whales.
Table 1 shows the number of sightings during the survey and Figure 2 shows the sighting position of Antarctic minke
and humpback whales. The number of sightings of humpback whales (227 groups and 412 animals in total) was about
1.5 times higher than that of Antarctic minke whales (149 groups, 280 animals) and was considerably higher than thoseof other species. Both Antarctic minke whale and humpback whales were widely distributed in the entire research area,
but density was different among strata.
The 1994-95 the IWC/SOWER cruise (Ensor et al. 1995) was conducted in similar areas and period as in the present
survey. This fact provides a good opportunity to compare the whale composition in the area in two different seasons. In
1994/95 season Antarctic minke whales were the most frequent species encountered in the research area. Humpback
whales were also common in the research area. The number of sightings of Antarctic minke whales (291 schools and508 individuals) was about 5.0 times higher than that of humpback whales (46 schools and 100 individuals). This
comparison suggests that humpback whales were increasing and expanding in the research area.
Table 2 shows the density indices (D.I., the number of primary sighted schools per 100 n. miles) and mean school size
(M.S.S.) of Antarctic minke, humpback and fin whales. The D.I. of Antarctic minke whale was highest in the Prydz Bay.
On the other hand, the density of humpback whale was higher than that of Antarctic minke whale in the Areas IIIE andIV excluding the Prydz Bay. The D.I. of humpback whales was about 1.6 times higher than that of Antarctic minke
whales in the entire research area. It was also suggested that recent drastic expansion of humpback whale distribution in
the Areas IV and V may force Antarctic minke whales to move in the pack ice (Ishikawa et al., 2004, Fujise et al.,2006; Matsuoka et al, 2011).

4

Figure 2 and 3 shows the sighting position of other large baleen whales. The sightings of fin whales were concentrated
in the southern strata of Area IV West. Humpback, fin and other large whales distributed in deeper waters (e.g. deeper
than 500 m). See also Murase et al. (2013).
Sampling for Antarctic minke and fin whales
Out of 149 schools (280 individuals) in the primary sightings of Antarctic minke whales by three SSVs, 117 schools(216 individuals) were targeted for sampling. A total of 103 individuals were sampled (three from Area III East, 99
from Area IV and one from Area V West). Sampling efficiency (the rate of successful sampling for targetedindividuals) was 92.2 % for the first targeted individual from schools with single individual and 97.6 % for the firsttargeted individual from schools with more than one individual. No struck and lost case occurred.
SSVs found out of 48 schools (185 individuals) as primary sightings of fin whales.
Sampling for these fin whales was not conducted due to sabotage by the anti-whaling group and inappropriate sea
condition for safe transferring and flensing and/or practical reasons. As a result, no individual of fin whales was
sampled.
Biological research
Biological research was conducted on the research base vessel for all whales sampled. Table 3 summarizes biological
data and samples collected from the Antarctic minke whales.
Biological information of sampled whales
Table 4 shows the reproductive status of sampled Antarctic minke whales by stratum. Figures 4-1, 4-2 and 4-3 show
distribution of sighting position of sampled Antarctic minke whales by sex and sexually mature status. Mature females
were only observed in the Prydz Bay strata. In the other hand, all individuals sampled were only immature males andfemales in the Areas IV East and V West. Appearance pregnancy rate in mature females was 96.2 % in the Prydz Bay
strata. No lactating females were sampled, and no suckling calf was sampled nor observed.
Figure 5 shows body length distribution of Antarctic minke whales sampled during this survey. Maximum body lengthof the sample was 9.88 m for females and 9.15 m for males. Minimum body length was 5.01 m and 4.43 m for female
and male, respectively. Maximum body length of immature animals was 8.25 m and 8.24 m for female and male,respectively, whereas minimum body length of mature animals was 8.20 m and 7.87 m for female and male,respectively.
Experiments
Photo-ID and biopsy sampling
Table 5 summarizes the results of the photo-identification experiment. A total of three blue, seven humpback whales
and one southern right whale was photographed. Table 6 summarizes results of biopsy sampling. A total of three biopsy
samples were collected from three humpback whales.
Vomiting and feacal observation
No case of vomiting and faecal was observed.

Marine debris observation
No case of marine debris was observed in the research area or in the stomach contents of Antarctic minke whale.
Oceanographic survey
SSVs (YS and YS2) conducted the oceanographic survey to get the vertical water temperature profile in 55 points using
XCTD.
Sighting distance and angle experiment
A sighting distance and angle experiment was performed by two SSVs (YS and YS2). The results of this experimentwill be used in calculation of abundance estimates.

5

ACKNOWLEDGMENTS
We acknowledge the Fisheries Agency of the Government of Japan and Japanese Coast Guard for their support of thisresearch cruise. We are also indebted to Dr. Yoshihiro Fujise, Director-General of the ICR for his support in
implementing the research. We are also indebted to all Captains, officers, crew and colleagues of the ICR and otherrelated institutions who participated in the research for their contributions. We thank research technicians, Messrs.
Tatsuo Sasaki, Takaaki Murakami and Tatsunori Takahashi from Kyodo Senpaku Kaisya Ltd., for their contribution.
REFERENCES
Anon. 2005. Report of the Review Meeting of the Japanese Whale Research Program under Special Permit in the
Antarctic (JARPA) called by the Government of Japan, Tokyo, 18-20 January 2005. 24pp.
Government of Japan. 2005. Plan for the Second Phase of the Japanese Whale Research Program under Special Permit
in the Antarctic (JARPA II) -Monitoring of the Antarctic Ecosystem and Development of New Management
Objectives for Whale Resources. Paper SC/57/O1 presented to the IWC Scientific Committee, June 2005
(unpublished). 99pp. [Paper available at the IWC Office].
IMO, 2010. Assuring Safety during Demonstrations, Protests or Confrontations on the High Seas. Resolution
MSC.303(87).
IWC. 1998. Report of the Intersessional Working Group to Review Data and Results from Special Permit Research on
Minke Whales in the Antarctic, Tokyo, 12-16 May 1997. REP. INT. WHAL. COMMN, 48, p377-412.
IWC. 2005. Report of the Scientific Committee. Annex D. Report of the sub-committee on the Revised Management
Procedure. Appendix 3. Requirements and Guidelines for Conducting Surveys and Analysing Data within the
Revised Management Scheme. J. Cetacean Res. Manage. 7 (Supp.):92-101.
IWC, 2007. Report of Intersessional Workshop to Review Data and Results from Special Permit Research on Minke
Whales in the Antarctic, Tokyo 4-8 December 2006. J. Cetacean Res. Manage. 10 (Supp.):449-510.
IWC. 2008a. Report of the Internsessional Workshop to Review Data and Results from Special Permit Research on
Minke Whales in the Antarctic, Tokyo 4-8 December 2006. J. Cetacean. Res. Manage. (Suppl.) 10: 411-445.
Matsuoka, K., T. Hakamada, H. Kiwada, H. Murase and S. Nishiwaki. 2006. Distributions and standardized
abundance estimates for humpback, fin and blue whales in the Antarctic Areas IIIE, IV, V and VIW (35 oE -145oW),
south of 60oS. IWC paper SC/D06/J7 presented to the IWC workshop on JARPA review. (unpublished). 33pp.
[Available from the Office of this Journal].
IWC, 2008b. STATEMENT ON SAFETY AT SEA. http://www.iwcoffice.org/meetings/intersession08.htm#safety.
IWC. 2011. Report of the Scientific Committee. Annex G. 24pp. Toromso, 2011. [Paper available at the IWC Office].
IWC. 2012. Report of the Scientific Committee. Annex G. 54pp. Panama city, 2012. [Paper available at the IWC
Office].
Konishi, K., Tamura, T., Zenitani, R., Bando, T., Kato, H. and Wallow L. 2008. Decline in energy storage in the
Antarctic minke whale (Balaenoptera bonaerensis) in the Southern Ocean. Polar Biol. 31: 1509-1520.
doi:10.1007/s00300-008-0491-3.
Nishiwaki, S., Ishikawa, H., and Fujise, Y. 2007. Review of general methodology and survey procedure under the
JARPA. IWC Paper SC/D06/J2 presented to the JARPA Review meeting, December 2006. June 2007 (unpublished).
47pp.
Pastene, L.A. 2006. What do we know about the stock structure of the Antarctic minke whale ? A summary of studies
and hypotheses. Paper SC/D06/J12 presented to the JARPA Review meeting, December 2006. 24pp. [Available fromthe Office of this Journal].
Yasunaga, G., Fujise, Y., Zenitani, R., Honda, K. and Kato, H. 2006. Yearly trend of trace element accumulation inliver of Antarctic minke whales, Balaenoptera bonaerensis. Paper SC/D06/J28 presented to the JARPA Review
meeting, December 2006. 23pp. [Available from the Office of this Journal].

6

Table 1. List of cetacean species and number of sightings (no. schools/no. individuals) .

Table 2. The density indices (DI, number of schools per 100 n.miles) and mean school size (MSS) of Antarctic
minke, fin and humpback whales by SSV during 2012/13 JARPA II.

Area Sector

III

East
East

IV

West

Stratum

West
Total

Antarctic minke[n.miles]

D.I.

M.S.S

Humpback
D.I.

Fin

M.S.S

D.I.

M.S.S

North

228.09

1.3

1.0

2.6

1.3

0.0

0.0

South

162.60

1.2

1.0

3.1

1.0

0.6

3.0

North

124.84

3.2

1.0

8.8

1.5

0.0

0.0

South

722.16

1.5

1.1

7.2

2.1

0.0

0.0

North

137.53

2.9

1.0

10.2

1.8

1.5

3.0

South

368.64

8.4

1.5

27.4

1.7

6.5

4.1

291.29

27.1

2.4

8.2

1.8

6.9

3.8

68.11

1.5

2.0

0.0

0.0

1.5

1.0

2,103.27

6.4

1.9

10.1

1.8

2.3

3.9

Prydz BayV

EffortNorth

7

Table 3. Summary of biological research items conducted for sampled Antarctic minke whales.

Male
50
50
50
1
50
50
50
50
1
50
11
11
11
11
50
50
50
50
16
11
50
50
50
14
50

Female
53
53
53
0
53
53
53
53
0
53
53
53
53
53
11
11
11
11
53
53
12
9
53
53
53
16
53

Total
103
103
103
1
103
103
103
103
1
103
53
53
53
53
23*
23*
23*
23*
1*
50
50
103
103
28
20
103
103
103
30
103

Sampling of blubber, muscle and liver tissues for environmental
monitoring

50

53

103

Sampling of lung and liver tissue for air monitoring
Muscle and blubber tissues for various analysis
Sampling of earplug for age determination
Sampling of ocular lens for age determination
Sampling of largest baleen plate for various analysis (B.L.<7.0m)
Sampling of vertebral epiphyses (B.L.>7.0 m)
Measurement of skull (length and breadth)
Sampling of muscle and blubber tissues for functional food study
Sampling of placenta for histological study
Sampling of umbilical cord for histological study

10
3
50
50
14
35
50
3
0
0

0
3
53
53
22
31
51
2
17
17

10
6
103
103
36
66
101
5
17
17

Research and sampling item
Obserbation of external character
Observation of diatom
Obserbation of external parasites
Sampling of external parasites
Photographic record of external character
Measurement of body length and sex identification
Measurement of external body proportion
Measurement of body weight
Measurement of body weight by total weight of parts
Measurement of blubber thickness (two points)
Record of lactation status
Measurement of mammary glandObservation of ovary
Sampling of ovary for histological study
Obserbation of fetus
Photographic record of fetus
Measurement of fetal length and weight
Sampling of fetal skin tissues for genetic study
Sampling of small fetus (B.L.<10 cm)
Measurement of ｔestis weight
Sampling of testis for histological study
Obserbation of stomach contents
Measurement of stomach content weight
Sampling of stomach contents for feeding study
Sampling of stomach contents for environmental monitoring
Obserbatiuon of marine debris
Obserbation of internal parasites
Observation of macro pathological (thyroid, lung and liver)Sampling of blood plasma for physiological study
Sampling of skin tissues for genetic study* : including foetus of sex unidentified.

8

Table 4. Reproductive status of Antarctic minke whales sampled in 2012/13 JARPAII. Maturity of males wastentatively defined by testis weight according to Kato (1986). "Resting" represents non-pregnant mature
female without corpus luteum.

Male
Area

III

IV

V

SectorFemaleMatureImmature Mature Total Immature

East
North
East
South
West
North
West
South
Prydz
East
North
East
South
West
North

Combined

0
0.0%
1
50.0%
0
0.0%
7
25.9%
5
9.4%
2
50.0%
3
27.3%
1
100.0%
19
18.4%

Total
No-pregnant
Pregnant
Maturing Lactating Resting No-Lactating Lactating
1
0
0
0
0
0
1
100.0%
0.0%
0.0%
0.0%
0.0%
0.0% 100.0%
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0.0%
0.0%
0.0%
0.0%
0.0%
0.0%
0.0%
3
0
0
0
0
0
3
75.0%
0.0%
0.0%
0.0%
0.0%
0.0% 75.0%
6
0
0
0
0
0
6
22.2%
0.0%
0.0%
0.0%
0.0%
0.0% 22.2%
7
1
0
0
25
0
33
13.2%
1.9%
0.0%
0.0%
47.2%
0.0% 62.3%
2
0
0
0
0
0
2
50.0%
0.0%
0.0%
0.0%
0.0%
0.0% 50.0%
8
0
0
0
0
0
8
72.7%
0.0%
0.0%
0.0%
0.0%
0.0% 72.7%
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0.0%
0.0%
0.0%
0.0%
0.0%
0.0%
0.0%
27
1
0
0
25
0
53
26.2%
1.0%
0.0%
0.0%
24.3%
0.0% 51.5%000.0% 0.0%
12
50.0% 100.0%
11
25.0% 25.0%
1421
51.9% 77.8%
1520
28.3% 37.7%02
0.0% 50.0%03
0.0% 27.3%01
0.0% 100.0%
3150
30.1% 48.5%

Combined

1
2
4
27
53
4
11
1
103

Table 5. Summary of photo-ID data collected during 2012/13 JARPA II.

SpeciesNumberofexperiments(A)

Targeted
individuals(B)

Numberofphotos(C)

Humpback whale

3

7

26

Blue whale

2

3

3

Right whale

1

1

2

Table 6. Summary of biopsy samples collected during 2012/13 JARPA II.

Species

Humpback whale

Ship
Type
SSVs

Numberofexperiments(A)
3

Targeted
individuals(B)

Numberofshoots(C)

Numberofhits(D)

Numberofsamples
(E)

4

3

3

5

9

Effort(hr:min)(F)

sampleper
trial(E)/(C)

sampleperhit(E)/(D)

0:38

0.75

1.00

Area III East

Area IV

Area V West+ a part of East

Fig 1. Map showing the research area and strata in the 2012/13 JARPA II survey.

Fig. 2. Distribution of sightings of Antarctic minke (upper) and humpback whales (lower) sighted by SSVs.
Blue line: ice-edge line; Black line: 500m Sea depth line.

10Fig. 3. Distribution of primary sightings of fin whale (upper) and other baleen whales (Lower ■Blue whale,
Southern right whale) sighted by SSVs. Blue line: ice-edge line; Black line: 500m Sea depth line.

Fig. 4-1. Distribution of sampled immature and mature male of Antarctic minke whales
Blue line: ice-edge line; Black line: 500m Sea depth line.

Fig. 4-2. Distribution of sampled immature and mature female of Antarctic minke whales
Blue line: ice-edge line; Black line: 500m Sea depth line.
11

10

10

Male

Immature

8

6

4

Matue
Immature

8

NumberNumberFemaleMature

2

6

4

2

0

0

4.0

5.0

6.0

7.0

8.0

9.0

10.0

11.0

4.0

Body length (m)

5.0

6.0

7.0

8.0

Body length (m)Fig. 5. Body length distribution of sampled Antarctic minke whales by sexual maturity.

12

9.0

10.0

11.0