Privately owned Public Spaces {POPS}
Places, People, Policies, Processes, Projects, Perspectives

Urban Design Laboratory｜Project Intoduction｜April 13 2012

Group D:Planning & Design
The University of Tokyo Global Center of Excellence
for Sustainable Urban Regeneration

01. What are POPS, why and how are the produced?
What was the idea? Are the origins all the same?

01. What are POPS, why and how are the produced?
How are POPS produced and who decides what?

600

500

400
kind of incentive city plan.
decisionplanning instrument

legal basenumber300
speciﬁed block (1961=1964)

BSA

58 (2003)redevelopment type district plan (1988)

BSA

40 (2003)

area of high landuse utilisation (1969)

BSA

104 (2003)

comprehensive design system (1971)

BSA

674 (2008)

economic typegreen infrastructure development planUGSA

5 (2004)

legal obligation typedevelopment permit (1968)

CPA

300 (2006)

deregulation-typeneedednot needed

2001001964 1968 1972 1976 1980 1984 1988 1992 1996 2000

0

02. Why are POPS significant? Why this research? Much research, little continuity
168 academic papers on ‘公開空地’ {POPS} since 1982
118 academic papers on ‘総合設計制度’ {Comprehensive Design} since 1973... etc.

02. Why are POPS significant? Why this research?

more than 694 places, equaling 11.5x

hibiya park (16ha) (2008)

02. Why are POPS significant? Why this research?

new york

tokyo

yokohama

new york

tokyoyokohama

02. Why are POPS significant? Why this research?

matsushita et al 2003

02. Why are POPS significant? Why this research?
shopping
hotel
collective
housing23%

quasi-industrial
14%

ofﬁce
68%

building use> 6 m2
1-3 m2all residential
24%commercial

neighbourhood
4%commercial

57%

land use zone

0-5
6 -10

3-6 m211-20<121-40> 40

public parks per capita in central tokyo (in m2)

number of comprehensive designs in central tokyo

02. Why are POPS significant? Why this research?
Who should decide how we use public space?

02. Why are POPS significant? Why this research?
Need to take Stock: What is produced where? By whom? How? With what Effect?

Mori Memorial Foundation: Making Tokyo’s Squares more enjoyable -Rating the Appeal of 108 Privately Owned Public Spaces in Tokyo, 2011

Kayden J., The Municipal Art Society of New York, The New York City Department of City Planning: POPS - The New York Experience, 2000

02. Why are POPS significant? Why this research?
Public(ly usable) Space should be in public stewardship

Mori Memorial Foundation: Making Tokyo’s Squares more enjoyable -Rating the Appeal of 108 Privately Owned Public Spaces in Tokyo, 2011

Kayden J., The Municipal Art Society of New York, The New York City Department of City Planning: POPS - The New York Experience, 2000

03. The Research Setup
The Bigger Picture: Are POPS a good Deal? Can the System be improved?

03. The Research Setup
3 Layered approach: Tokyo ｜Japan｜Global Level04. Research: The Tokyo POPS Survey
First we need to know what has been produced where and in which Quality!

169 comprehensive design system (総合設計制度)
13 specified blocks (特定街区)
8 redevelopment district plans (再開発促進区)
9 areas of high density (高度利用地区)
8 ward administered SSS (区の総合設計制度)+ 24 suspects (不明)
132 KM walked

04. Research: The Tokyo POPS Survey
Does it matter who produces POPS?

04. Research: The Tokyo POPS Survey‘small’-scale larg-scale housing developments

04. Research: The Tokyo POPS Survey
New Condominiums

04. Research: The Tokyo POPS Survey
Banks and Securities

04. Research: The Tokyo POPS Survey
Retail04. Research: The Tokyo POPS Survey
Spaces for Corporate Branding

Tokyo’s Corporate Commons as Spatial Signifiers of Social Change | APSA 2011 | Christian DIMMER PhD | 2011/09/20

04. Research: The Tokyo POPS SurveyHeadquarters

04. Research: The Tokyo POPS Survey
Headquarters

04. Research: The Tokyo POPS Survey
Public Land/ Buildings

05. Research: The International Perspective
a growing research network

Prof.-Dr. Klaus SELLE
RWTH Aachen

Dr. Juliane PEGELSRWTH Aachen

Fee THISSEN

Takefumi KUROSE +Dr. Christian DIMMERETH ZurichTokyo University[PoPSinterational.net]
International Study Group for POPS

existing collaboration
Prof.-Dr. Elke SCHLACKDr.-Eng. Marieluise JONAS, Dr. Beau BEZA

Universidad Andres Bello, Santiago

Environment & Planning, Urban Design, RMIT05. Research: The International Perspective
a growing research network

Prof.-Dr. Klaus SELLE
RWTH Aachen

Prof.-Dr. Jeffrey HOU
Washington University

Dr. Juliane PEGELSRWTH Aachen

Fee THISSEN

Takefumi KUROSE +Dr. Christian DIMMERETH ZurichTokyo University

Na XingHong Kong Politech

Yen-Shing HSU
City of Taipei

Chen-Yu LIEN
Pei-Yin SHIH
Sakrapat
ANURAKPRADORN

National Taiwan University

Chulalongkorn Univ

[PoPSinterational.net]
International Study Group for POPS

existing collaboration
Prof.-Dr. Elke SCHLACKUniversidad Andres Bello, Santiago

newly established collaboration

Dr.-Eng. Marieluise JONAS, Dr. Beau BEZA
Environment & Planning, Urban Design, RMIT

05. Research: The International Perspective
a growing research network

Prof.-Dr. Klaus SELLE
RWTH Aachen

Prof.-Dr. Jeffrey HOU
Washington University

Dr. Juliane PEGELSRWTH Aachen

Fee THISSEN

Takefumi KUROSE +Dr. Christian DIMMERETH ZurichTokyo University

Na XingHong Kong Politech

Yen-Shing HSU
City of Taipei

Chen-Yu LIEN
Pei-Yin SHIH
Sakrapat
ANURAKPRADORN

National Taiwan University

Chulalongkorn Univ

[PoPSinterational.net]
International Study Group for POPS

existing collaboration
Prof.-Dr. Elke SCHLACKUniversidad Andres Bello, Santiago

newly established collaboration
proposed future collaboration

Dr.-Eng. Marieluise JONAS, Dr. Beau BEZA
Environment & Planning, Urban Design, RMIT

05. Research: The International Perspective
February 24th-27th POPS Workshop, February 28th: International POPS Seminar

SESSION I

Jan LINDENBERG

Yuki KATSURA

Yasuhiro TANABE

Ayane MAEKAWA

Toshihiro HORI Masami KOBAYASHIIIDJCity of Yokohama

Tokyo Metropolitan Gov.

The University of Tokyo

Tokyo Denki University

Meiji University

Juliane PEGELS

Chen-Yu LIEN
Pei-Yin SHIH

SakrapatANURAKPRADORN
Chulalongkorn UnivNa Xing

Elke SCHLACKHong Kong Politech

Andres Bello Univ

SESSION II

Jeffrey HOU

Yen-Shing HSU

University of Washington

City of Taipei

University of Aachen National Taiwan University

SESSION III

Atsushi DEGUCHIThe University of Tokyo

Kei MINOHARA

Hiroshi TSUCHIDAMPCOTokyo Denki University

06. Research: The National Perspective[PoPSjapan.net]
International Study Group for POPS

Tokyo
KawasakiFebruary 24-8

February 20

Kyoto
Osaka
February 23

Fukuoka

February 21

Yokohama
February 20[external advisers to the project]February 22

Prof. Kyoko MATSUOKA, Denki Daigaku
Prof. Hiroshi TSUCHIDA, Denki Daigaku
Prof. Isami KINOSHITA, Chiba Daigaku
Prof. Masami KOBAYASHI, Meiji Daigaku
Mr. Jan LINDENBERG, IIDJ

06. Research: The National Perspective
February 20th: Kawasaki

06. Research: The National Perspective
February 20th: Yokohama

06. Research: The National Perspective
February 21th: Kyoto

06. Research: The National Perspective
February 22nd: Fukuoka

06. Research: The National Perspective
February 23rd: Osaka07. Towards Application: The Tokyo POPS Map
Building a Collaborative Platform, Building Awareness- (semi) open-source
collaborativeenvironment- easily replicable for othercities- easily accessible for thegeneral public (users)- easily find POPS for open
space activities- feedback system tocollect information about
management condition,usability- usable for municipal
governments asmanagement tool

07. Towards Application: The Tokyo POPS Map
Easy to do, low-cost, ubiquituous spatial analysis

07. Towards Application: The Tokyo POPS Map
Easy to do, low-cost, ubiquituous spatial analysis

07. Towards Application: The Tokyo POPS Map
POPS information index card, spatial analysis, panorama thumbnail

07. Towards Application: The Tokyo POPS Map
POPS information index card, spatial analysis, panorama thumbnail

07. Towards Application: The Tokyo POPS Map
Keeping an eye on POPS

07. Towards Application: The Tokyo POPS Map
Keeping an eye on POPS

07. Towards Application: The Tokyo POPS Map

What will the Project TEAM do?

What will the Project TEAM do?

1. Literature Review: What do we know about POPS?

What will the Project TEAM do?

1. Literature Review: What do we know about POPS?
2. Team discussions about what is “good” urban space andhow to measure that?

What will the Project TEAM do?

1. Literature Review: What do we know about POPS?
2. Team discussions about what is “good” urban space andhow to measure that?
3. Together refining a catalogue of surveying criteria

What will the Project TEAM do?

1. Literature Review: What do we know about POPS?
2. Team discussions about what is “good” urban space andhow to measure that?
3. Together refining a catalogue of surveying criteria
4. Survey all privately owned public spaces in Tokyo

What will the Project TEAM do?

1. Literature Review: What do we know about POPS?
2. Team discussions about what is “good” urban space andhow to measure that?
3. Together refining a catalogue of surveying criteria
4. Survey all privately owned public spaces in Tokyo
5. Linking survey data to designers, developers, place specificity

What will the Project TEAM do?

1. Literature Review: What do we know about POPS?
2. Team discussions about what is “good” urban space andhow to measure that?
3. Together refining a catalogue of surveying criteria
4. Survey all privately owned public spaces in Tokyo
5. Linking survey data to designers, developers, place specificity
6. Establishing a (public) database with all existing POPS

What will the Project TEAM do?

1. Literature Review: What do we know about POPS?
2. Team discussions about what is “good” urban space andhow to measure that?
3. Together refining a catalogue of surveying criteria
4. Survey all privately owned public spaces in Tokyo
5. Linking survey data to designers, developers, place specificity
6. Establishing a (public) database with all existing POPS...
7. Producing a book and contribute to international discourses

What will the Project TEAM do?

1. Literature Review: What do we know about POPS?
2. Team discussions about what is “good” urban space andhow to measure that?
3. Together refining a catalogue of surveying criteria
4. Survey all privately owned public spaces in Tokyo
5. Linking survey data to designers, developers, place specificity
6. Establishing a (public) database with all existing POPS...
7. Producing a book and contribute to international discourses
8. Expanding the project to other Japanese cities