Sumi, T., Saber, M., and Kantoush, S. A.

Paper:

Japan-Egypt Hydro Network: Science and Technology
Collaborative Research for Flash Flood Management
Tetsuya Sumi∗ , Mohamed Saber∗∗ , and Sameh Ahmad Kantoush∗∗∗∗ Disaster Prevention Research Institute, Kyoto University

Gokasho, Uji-Shi, Kyoto 611-0011, Japan
E-mail: sumi.tetsuya.2s@kyoto-u.ac.jp∗∗ Geology Department, Faculty of Science, Assiut University
Assiut 71516, Egypt
E-mail: msaber 75@yahoo.com∗∗∗ Civil Engineering Department, German University in Cairo (GUC)New Cairo City – Main Entrance of Al Tagamoa Al Khames, Egypt
E-mail: sameh.kantoush@guc.edu.eg[Received October 10, 2012; accepted January 17, 2013]

The present paper outlines the development of ashared hydraulic and hydrology-based network between Kyoto University and three institutional research units in Egypt that seeks to bridge the gap in research, education and practice. This network base wasdeveloped the contextualized problems facing the water resources sector in Egypt. Although Sinai Peninsula, Egypt, suffers from severe water shortages, flash
floods are responsible for the loss of lives and otherproblems. One of the JE-HydroNet (Japan-Egypt Hydro Network) outcomes is to forecast flash floods andto propose mitigation strategies in order to reduce thethreat of flash floods and water harvesting. An integration of remote sensing data and a distributed Hydrological model so-called Hydro-BEAM (Hydrological River Basin Environmental Assessment Model) has
been proposed for flash flood simulation at Wadi-ElArish, Sinai. Simulation has been successfully carriedout to flash flood event that hit Egypt in January, 2010.
Simulation results present remarkable characteristics
such as the short time to maximum peak, short flow
duration, and severe damage resulting in difficulty inevacuating people from the vulnerable regions. The
methodology developed to forecast flash floods considering mitigation strategies which can be applied effectively at different arid regions.
Keywords: collaborative research in science and technology, Nile River Basin, delta of Egypt, Japan Egypt Hydro
Network (JE-HydroNet), Wadi El-Arish – Sinai Peninsulaof Egypt, flash flood, HydroBeam

1. Introduction
The gap in education, research and practice in thehydraulics and hydrology field is recognized by many
aspects. Bridging the gap can be achieved by involving practitioners in education and training, and specifi-

28

cally in life-long learning processes. Hydro-engineering
projects are becoming more and more complex and haveto be carried out in close cooperation by several experts from different disciplines and locations. Under
the umbrella of the Global Center of Excellence – Sustainability/Survivability Science for a Resilient Society
Adaptable to Extreme Weather Conditions (GCOE-ARS)
project at Kyoto University, a joint project for researchand education was established between Kyoto University
and three institutional research units in Egypt, i.e., Assiut and Alexandria Universities, and the National Water
Research Center, Ministry of Water Resources and Irrigation. Egypt is an arid country where the annual precipitation is only 25 mm in Cairo, and totally depends
on the Nile. The water resources system of Egypt faces
a number of serious problems, including the Nile Riverbasin upstream and at Nasser Lake, downstream fromthe Aswan High Dam, delta, irrigation and drainage networks, coastal, and energy resources.
Furthermore, the impact of climate changes on the water resources system has become a challenge for the country. Accordingly, the main objectives of the network is toassess the vulnerability of the Nile Delta coastal zone toclimate change/sea level rise and to design effective strategy based on an adaptation policy framework. Climatechange adaptation strategies will be vital to countries suchas Egypt. Adaptation options for Egypt’s water resources,
meanwhile, are closely intertwined with Egypt’s development choices and procedures. Mitigating climate change
will closely resonate with mitigating water scarcity andis likely to require the implementation of water demand
management strategies that may require capacity building
and raising awareness throughout institutions and society.
Mitigation measures on the supply side include ways for
improving rain-harvesting techniques, increasing the extraction of ground water, water recycling, desalination,and improving water transportation. In addition, regularreview and updating of drought responses and research
into improved long-term forecasting are essential to en-

Journal of Disaster Research Vol.8 No.1, 2013

Japan-Egypt Hydro Network: Science and Technology
Collaborative Research for Flash Flood Management

hancing Egypt’s ability to cope with prolonged drought.
Egypt is suffering a water shortage that increases gradually. Away from the Nile and especially in the Eastern
Desert and Sinai Peninsula, renewable water resources arelimited to the very small amount of rainfall that, in somecases, causes flash floods. These flash floods in the Wadi
System if properly managed, would serve the needs of thefragile communities located in the desert.
Flash floods are the result of heavy short period storms,
and the velocity of floodwater depends mainly on the
topography of the Wadi and soil characteristics. Flashfloods cause severe damage and loss of life. They also
represent a constraint on regional development, and a major source of erosion and pollution. Floodwater can, however, also be an important source of water replenishment
in arid regions. The wise use of floodwater in these areasis therefore important for the sustainable management ofwater resources. The Belgian-Egyptian project FlaFloM(Flash Flood Manager) is designed to develop and to implement an integrated flash flood management plan for
the Wadi Watier area of South Sinai. The Flash FloodManager Project (FlaFloM) is jointly funded by the Government of Egypt (GOE) through the Ministry of Water
Resources and Irrigation (MWRI) and by the European
Commission (EC) through LIFE [1].
Up to now, no proper protection from flash floods has
been proposed for all Wadi basins in Egypt. Unfortunately, there is often a lack of data on key hydrologicalprocesses in arid areas [2]. This limits the ability to understand the flooding process and use this knowledge to minimize its threat to human health and well-being. One of
the main outcomes for JE-HydroNet is to develop and implement an integrated flash flood management strategy for
Wadi El-Arish, Sinai Peninsula, Egypt, based on stakeholder and practitioners participation. The main obstacle
to study flash flood is clearly the lack of reliable observations in most of the flash flood prone basins, so there is anurgent necessity to develop a new methodology to simulate and forecast flash floods in arid regions. Various problems associated with forecasting flash floods caused byconvective storms over semi-arid basins have been studied [3]. Hydrological models of varying complexity approaches are applied to provide detailed estimates of flow
processes for ungauged regions where, providing a general analytical framework for assessing the dependence
existing among spatial rainfall organization, basin morphology and runoff response [4]. Distributed hydrological modeling was performed with TOPMODEL and assessed for ungauged basins with discharge estimates ofpost-event surveys [5]. A spatially distributed hydrological model was also developed for flood simulation basedon physical process representation [6]. A distributed hydrologic model is used in conjunction with threshold frequencies to improve the accuracy of flash flood forecasts
at ungauged locations [7]. Hydrologic characteristics offlow discharge have been discussed using both one- andtwo-dimensional models, showing the acceptable valuesof the two-dimensional model [8]. Despite these models
having been developed, however, arid regions still lack aJournal of Disaster Research Vol.8 No.1, 2013

distributed hydrological model for flash floods forecasting.
In order to achieve our target, the analysis of geography, geomorphology, geology, hydrology and hydraulics, vegetation, land use, flash flood history, andflash flood characteristics has been performed throughout Geographic Information System (GIS) and Remotesensing data integrated with the physical-based hydrological model. In conclusion, the methodology developed
to forecast flash floods considering preventive and mitigating strategies can be used in advance for taking emergency actions for evacuating people so that their lives andproperty may be saved and minimized.

2. Concept of the Network, Objectives, andRoad Map
Following Academic Exchange Agreements between
the Disaster Prevention Research Institute (DPRI) Kyoto University (Japan) and the Faculty of Science of Assiut University (Egypt), a sincere and friendly discussions with a view to strengthening research and education, to promoting cooperation on scientific exchange andthe public understanding of science and technology, havebeen started between Kyoto University and two other institutional research groups in Egypt. The concept of network partners and tasks is illustrated in Fig. 1.
This network is unique, first, in the sense that groups
of international experts from very distant a priori scientific fields (hydraulics, hydrology, flash flood and hazard
mapping, dam operation, coastal management, sedimentmanagement in reservoirs, and numerical and experimental modeling) initiated the Japan Egypt Hydro Network(JE-HydroNet), as well as the strong extensive knowledge
and decision making responsibility of the National Water
Research Center (NWRC), Ministry of Water Resources
and Irrigation (MWRI). Second, a group of researchers at
DPRI, Kyoto University and Assiut University have simulated flash flood and ground water problems in the delta
and the hydrology of the whole Nile Basin, by using an integrated hydrological model, i.e., the Hydro-BEAM (Hydrological Basin Environmental Assessment Model) [9].

2.1. Specific Objectives of the Network and Applications
Improvement of the flexibility, availability, sustainability and environmental impacts of water resources in the
Nile Delta by developing an advanced methodology for
operation, monitoring, planning and management of thewater resources problem by focusing on:• Setting-up potential hazard maps with a global flash

flood warning system,• Assessing and evaluating Wadi basins during flash

flood events,• Adapting to potential climate change,

29

Sumi, T., Saber, M., and Kantoush, S. A.

General coordinator
Hydro-BEAM model
Modeling of Wadi basins and Ground Water
Modeling of Climate Change Adaptation scenarios
Rainfall and runoff analysis
Proposition of new measures for sedimentmanagement techniques
Coastal and sediment transport
Irrigation and drainage network
Salt water intrusion
Ground water issues
Validation and monitoring

Set-up hydrological modeling
Climate Change Adaptation
Integrated water resources management
Ecological and biological issues

Sharing available data
State of art for the studies issues
Measurements, Control and Monitoring
Hydrological and meteorological measurements
Facilitate accessing to the River, and dam sites

Fig. 1. Concept of network and partners main tasks.

• Ensuring sustainable integrated sediment manage-

ment,• Minimizing coastal erosion,• Optimizing dam operation,• Bettering the potential of young researchers: helping

them enhance their effectiveness as research groupleaders and increase the results they achieve withmodelling and measurements,• Allowing participants to practice and sharpen theirskills in interpersonal communication,• Analyzing problems of flash floods, climate changes,

ground water modelling, sediment management andcoastal problems,• Clarifying final discussions about continuation of the

project, research methodology, and exchange dataand experiences methods.
Additional benefits through cooperation are:• Regular seminars for exchanging experience,• Research students exchanges at the Master, Ph.D.

and postdoctoral levels,• International publications;• Solution to local problems in Egypt and the sharingof experiences with Japanese researchers.
JE-HydroNet will be implemented as a scientific network for exchanging young researchers and information
among related institutions towards a consistent standardized methodology for management, and for proposing
mitigation projects. An early warning system for flash
floods is planned to be implemented for Wadi El-Arish.
30

To make useful output for management decisions, a master plan on flash flood management and an emergency response plan will be developed by local authorities and thehelps of Japanese counterpart as shown in Fig. 2. Because
flash floods are particularly common in arid and mountainous regions, it is the aim of MWRI to extend the system to all high-risk zones in Egypt.
• Planning and design of flash flood control will be theresponsibility MWRI, Egypt.
• The main application of the project will be protectionof the city of El-Arish from flood hazards, by reducing the frequency and minimizing damages producedby flash floods.
• The project will set up an innovative system for rain-

fall forecasting and early warning for flash-floods inthe pilot area of Wadi El-Arish.
• Based on rainfall-runoff and hydrodynamic model-

ing, flood-risk maps will be derived, and the beststorage options and suitable protection against floodmeasures will be identified.
• The project will develop a master plan for flash-flood

management and an emergency-response plan withlocal authorities in the pilot area.
• Floodretention structures such as dry dam canbe constructed using innovative updated Japanesetechnology and other new construction methodology such as Cemented Sand and Gravel techniques(CSG).

2.2. Description of Road Map for Cooperation
Participants expressed their views concerning the mostimportant open question that the network should address
Journal of Disaster Research Vol.8 No.1, 2013

Japan-Egypt Hydro Network: Science and Technology
Collaborative Research for Flash Flood Management

Flash Flood Prevention
Strategic management approaches
Global Warning
SystemRun off modelingHydroBEAM

Remote sensing
data

Field
Investigation

Topographic

Hydrological

2D Morphologicaland Hydraulic
GIS data

Mitigation
Measures

Structural
dry dam, storage dam,retention basins,
artificial lakes,

Non-Structural

early warning system,
society flood
education

Geomorphologcal
Hazard map

Evaluation groundwater recharge

New Water Resources
development

Financial
and Funds

Economic
analysis

Costbenefit
analysis

Alternative
measuresanalysisFig. 2. Flash flood project methodology and prevention strategic management approaches.

in the near future. The following is a summary of the main
points addressed:

EL-Arish City

1) Impacts of climate changes on the Nile Basin and theDelta in Egypt,2) Integrated water resources managements including
irrigation and ground water,
3) Reservoir sustainability management,4) Coastal management,5) Flash flood disaster management,

Fig. 3. Location map of Wadi El-Arish, Sinai Peninsula, Egypt.

There was widespread understanding that we should
build a data sharing website for exchanging data andstarting real cooperation between groups. Some of theroadmaps for future steps are summarized as follows:• Establishment of JE-HydroNet data sharing, and ob-

servational station for measurements,• HydroBEAM, SiBUC, groundwater models devel-

opment and provision to Egyptian researchers,• Fund Raising and Promotion of young researchers

for Ph.D. study in Japan.

3. Flash Floods Simulation and Adaptation
3.1. Problem Statement
Ascribable to the aforementioned problems and characteristics of flash floods in arid regions, efficient integration
using remote sensing data and a distributed hydrologicalmodel have been proposed for flash flood simulation inorder to understand the characteristics and hydrologicalbehaviors of flash floods. Consequently, proposing appropriate strategies of mitigation in arid regions as well
as flash flood water management to overcome the scarcity
of water resources in such regions is needed. The main
Journal of Disaster Research Vol.8 No.1, 2013

Fig. 4. Model calibration and validation at wadi Al-Khoud,Oman, during the event of (Mar. 18, 2007) [11].

objective of this case study application is thus to simulate
flash floods at Wadi El-Arish at Sinai Peninsula, Egypt.
It takes into consideration the distribution behaviors offlash floods, assessing and evaluating the contributed water flow of wadi basins during flash flood events to be utilized as a significant water resource, and proposing mitigation strategies to reduce the threat of flash floods.
31

Sumi, T., Saber, M., and Kantoush, S. A.

Evapo-transpiration Precipitation

Recovery flow
䠝 layer䠞 layer䠟 layer
infiltration GW runoff
䠠 layer

Transmission losses

Wadi
SystemModeled cell
(1km, 2km, …etc)

Fig. 5. Conceptual model of Hydro-BEAM [12].

3.2. The Target Wadi Basin
Wadi El-Arish is located on the Sinai Peninsula, Egypt,
it flows toward the Mediterranean Sea and its downstream
part is El-Arish City, as shown in Fig. 3. This wadi infrequently receives flash flood water from much of northern and central Sinai which make a great threat to thelife and property of El-Arish City residents. It is thelargest ephemeral stream system on the Sinai Peninsula.
Its catchment area is calculated to be 20,700 km2 .
3.3. Methodology
A physical-based distributed hydrological model andremote sensing data as well as a GIS technique havebeen integrated to simulate flash floods in arid regions.
The Hydro-BEAM (Hydrological River Basin Environmental Assessment Model) which was the first developed
by Kojiri, et al. [10], and was calibrated and validatedat Wadi El-Khoud, Oman, (Fig. 4) as Hydro-BEAMWaS (Hydrological River Basin Environmental Assessment Model Incorporating Wadi System) by Saber et
al. [11] and Saber [12] to be applicable to wadi systems
in arid regions. It is used as a physical-based modelwith GSMaP [13] as remote sensing data that was calibrated with Global Precipitation Climatology Center data
(GPCC) [14] in order to overcome the lack of observations in such areas.
Hydro-BEAM consists mainly of; watershed modelingusing a GIS technique, surface runoff and stream routing
modeling based on using the kinematic wave model, initial and transmission loss modeling estimated by using a
Soil Conservation Service (SCS) method [15] and Walter’s equation [16], and groundwater modeling based on
the linear storage model (Fig. 5).
3.4. Flash Flood Simulation
GSMaP data of precipitation has been used with
Hydro-BEAM for flash flood simulation at Wadi El-Arish,
Sinai Peninsula, Egypt. Simulation of the flash flood
32

Fig. 6. Wadi El-Arish catchment, Sinai Peninsula, Egypt, insquares the target outlets for flash flood simulation and thelocation of El-Rawafaa Dam.

event of January 18-20, 2010 was discussed because it hada big effect on residents and their property at W. El-Arishas well as other regions upstream in the Nile River. Six
outlet points have been selected based on sub-catchmentsof the target wadi for this simulation as depicted in Fig. 6.
Simulation results of this event show that flash flood characteristics are highly variable from one outlet to another interms of flow rate and time needed to reach the maximum
peak within the whole watershed (Fig. 7).
Furthermore, at the downstream outlet at W. El-Arish
catchment, the flow was very severe, at 2864.84 m3 /s.
At W. Abu-Tarifieh, one of the sub-catchments of W. ElArish, discharge was calculated about 240.52 m3 /s, andthe discharge of all sub-catchments was also calculated.
Time to peak and flow duration in flash flood simulations
have been estimated. Time to peak averaged between
8 hours in the upstream regions and 17 hours at downstream outlets, which means that time is very short. In
other words, evacuating people is very difficult in sucharid regions. In terms of the evaluation of sub-catchments
water contribution towards W. El-Arish, the flow volume
of water that can reach the downstream point of each subbasin has been calculated (Table 1).
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Japan-Egypt Hydro Network: Science and Technology
Collaborative Research for Flash Flood Management

Fig. 7. Simulation of flash flood event of (Jan. 18-22, 2010) at several sub-catchment outlets of Wadi El-Arish: a) Point 1, b) Point2, c) Point 3, d) Point 4, e) Point 5, and f) Point 6.

From distribution maps of flash floods (Fig. 8) at thetarget wadi, discontinuous flow is perfectly depicted as
one of the characteristics of ephemeral streams, revealing that the proposed model depicts this important surface
flow behavior in arid environments.

3.5. Flash Flood as Significant Water Resources
Water resources management is a crucial and important
issue in arid regions due to the shortage of rainfall, highevaporation and transmission losses, as well as increasing
Journal of Disaster Research Vol.8 No.1, 2013

population, coupled with limited water resources and attendant increases in the need for water. Flash floods aredevastating and represent a big threat to human life andarid environments, but can also be utilized and managed
in a proper way to make such floods useful as water resources. In this study, one of the significant targets is thus
to evaluate the flash flood water as an additional water
resources. The contribution of some wadi sub-basins into
W. El-Arish is numerically estimated during the simulated
event as listed in Table 1.
The water contribution from sub-catchments towards

33

Sumi, T., Saber, M., and Kantoush, S. A.

Table 1. Simulation results of event (Jan.18-22, 2010) at
W. El-Arish.

(a)

(b)

Fig. 9. (a) El-Rawafaa Dam before the flash flood, and (b)during the flash flood event in January, 2010, showing how
much of the water is overflowing the dam.

2,692
2,500

2,000

1,500

1,000

500

0

Fig. 8. Distribution maps of discharge of Jan. 2010 flash
flood event at Wadi El-Arish, Sinai Peninsula, Egypt, showing discontinuous flow of discharge (red marks are the position of sub-catchments outlets of simulation).

W. El-Arish during flash floods has been recorded. Also,it was noted that contributed water flow volume at downstream points of wadis varies from one wadi to another,
depending mainly on watershed characteristics, rainfall
distribution, and hydrological conditions of these subcatchments as depicted on distributed maps of discharge(Fig. 8). Throughout the study of the effect of flash floods
on W. El-Arish Delta aquifer, it was found that there isdeterioration in groundwater levels and increasing water salinity due to exceeding of abstraction compare withrecharge to the aquifer [17]. To this extent, it means that
there are no reasonable strategies for how to utilize andmanage the water of flash floods properly so that it is useful in the conjunctive use of surface and subsurface water
to cover water demand.

3.6. Flash Flood Mitigation
Simulation results of flash flooding at W. El-Arish on
the Sinai Peninsula show how much the extent of thethreat of flash floods in wadi basins. It was seen from distribution maps, that flash floods are highly variable fromone wadi to another, depending on rainfall events in spa34

tial and temporal distribution, and geomorphologic andtopographic conditions at wadi catchments. Remarks on
the spatial variability of flash flood occurrence are illustrated in the flash flood event of January, 2010 where themost affected regions are at the middle of the catchment
and around the El-Rawafaa Dam as shown in Fig. 8. In thereal situation, the area around El-Rawafaa dam has been
affected by this flash flood. The government announced
that more than 14 persons were killed in Sinai Peninsula
as well as thousands of people becoming homeless during
this event. These results exhibit the extent of the performance of the proposed model to predict flash floods insuch regions. El-Rawafaa Dam (Fig. 9) was constructed
in 1946 at North Sinai peninsula, Egypt, for the purpose of
flash flood mitigation to protect downstream regions fromflash floods. Its storage capacity is about 5.8 million m3 .
It is about 350 m wide and about 15 m high. It is locatedabout 40 km away from Al-Arish City along W. El-Arish.
Current simulation of the flash flood of January, 2010,shows that the water volume that reaches to El-Rawafaa
Dam is more than 100 million m3 . This means that it isextensively larger than the actual capacity of the dam, andhence, severe damage occurred in this region, leaving human losses and infrastructure damages.
Based on simulation results of this event, two scenarios have been recommended. The first scenario is to construct two dams at outlets of sub-catchments (W. Griha(Point 3), and W. Abu-Tarifieh (Point 6)) as shown in
Fig. 6, in order to reduce the flow volume of flash flood
water which is expected to reach the downstream regionsat the El-Rawafaa Dam shown in Fig. 8. In this case, water flowing towards the Mediterranean Sea without utilization, could be managed as resources for recharge to thegroundwater aquifer and the threat of flash floods will be
alleviated in this area. The second scenario is to construct
a rechargeable dam below the El-Rawafaa dam (Fig. 9)
where accumulated water will be used for two options, thefirst option is as surface water for agriculture purposes because the region below the El-Rawafaa dam is plain andcan be reclaimed for cultivation purpose. The second option is to be recharged into the subsurface aquifer of W.
El-Arish Delta. Accordingly, the problem of groundwaterlevel decreasing and salt water intrusion increasing will
be solved at W. El-Arish Delta and securing flash flood
Journal of Disaster Research Vol.8 No.1, 2013

Japan-Egypt Hydro Network: Science and Technology
Collaborative Research for Flash Flood Management

water will be utilized properly as a means to overcome
the problem of water scarcity in such regions.

4. Conclusion
This paper has attempted to weave together ideas drawn
from research and education, and from practice in supporting the development of an international hydro network. Among several proposed topics presented has beena case study of flash flood management. We need a more
focused research approach on collaboration and measurement development in areas of interest that are underpinned by complex relations to a variety of work-related
practices. We need much more data and field measurement stations for validation and accurate simulations.
The JE-HydroNet was formed with the aim of bringing
together leading researchers from various disciplines andinstitutional units that are active in the area of water resources in Egypt, together with people from industry who
are responsible for practical implementations in Japanesecompanies. The network helps us better understand problems facing the Nile River System and Delta of Egypt andhow these various groups of researchers are related to one
another. It reminds us how, together, they can contributeto design and implementation better improving of flexibility, availability, sustainability and environmental impactsof water resources in the Nile Delta by developing advanced methodology for operating, monitoring, planningand managing the water resources problem. This initiative
represents an exciting opportunity for creating an inclusive and dynamic research group of interest that bridges
the gap in guidance research and practice. It will enable
us to examine ways in which learning about guidance iscreated and shared (beliefs, concepts, ideas, theories, actions) as well as providing a potentially powerful engine
for assisting in the search for new understanding of effective guidance that benefits all groups.
Integration using remote sensing data and the distributed Hydrological model of Hydro-BEAM has been
proposed for flash flood simulation at W. El-Arish, Egypt.
GSMaP has been compared with monitored data of
GPCC, revealing that an overestimated or underestimatedsystematic seasonal bias is occurring. Simulation has
been carried out on the flash flood event of Jan., 2010. The
simulated results present remarkable characteristics suchas that the time to peak is very short, resulting in difficulty to evacuate people from the vulnerable regions. Additionally, distribution maps of flash floods corresponding
to rainfall data show that there is high variability in theoccurrence of flash floods in space and time in terms ofwadi characteristics and the time of a flash flood event.
The output of this study is summarized as follows: i)Simulation of flash floods has been successfully achieved
at wadi sub-basins of W. El-Arish, ii) A commendable
contribution of wadi sub-basins as water resources towards W. El-Arish during flash floods has been recorded,
and iii) In proposing mitigating strategies for flash floodrisk reduction at W. El-Arish, results have exhibited that
Journal of Disaster Research Vol.8 No.1, 2013

flow volume reaching to the El-Rawafaa dam is higher
than the dam’s capacity, resulting in failure of the dam,
the loss of human lives, and the occurrence of infrastructure damage.
In conclusion, the methodology developed to forecast
flash floods proposing mitigation strategies and water resources management has been accomplished. Consequently, taking emergency actions for evacuating people
in advance can be done so that lives and property may
be saved and minimized. Further studies concerning flash
flood simulation and mitigation in arid regions, will beconsidered in our next step based on detailed field works
and observations.
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Sumi, T., Saber, M., and Kantoush, S. A.

Name:

Name:

Tetsuya Sumi

Sameh Ahmad Kantoush

Affiliation:

Affiliation:

Director, Professor, Water Resources ResearchCenter, Disaster Prevention Research Institute,
Kyoto University

Associate Professor, Civil Engineering Department, German University in Cairo (GUC)

Address:

Address:

Gokasho, Uji-Shi, Kyoto 611-0011, JapanNew Cairo City – Main Entrance of Al Tagamoa Al Khames, Egypt

Brief Career:

Brief Career:

1995 Senior Research Engineer, Public Works Research Institute, Ministryof Construction
1998 Associate Professor, Department of Civil and Earth Resources
Engineering, Kyoto University
2011-present Professor, Water Resources Research Center, Disaster
Prevention Research Institute, Kyoto University

1998 Instructor, Alexandria University and Arab Academy for Science &Technology, Alexandria, Egypt
2003 Research Assistant, Swiss Federal Institute of Technology at
Lausanne, Switzerland
2009 Senior Researcher, Water Resources Research Center, Disaster
Prevention Research Institute, Kyoto University
2011-present Associate Professor, Civil Engineering Department, German
University in Cairo – GUC, Egypt

Selected Publications:• “Lighten the load,” International Water Power & Dam Construction,
May, pp. 38-45, 2011.
• “Study on Measurement of Fine Sediment Discharge Process during
Sediment Flushing Operation using PIV,” JSCE Annual Journal of
Hydraulic Engineering, Vol.51, pp. 1075-1080, 2007 (in Japanese).

Academic Societies & Scientific Organizations:• The Japan-Egypt Hydro Network on the Nile River System and the Deltaof Egypt (JE-HydroNet)• The International Association for Hydro-Environment Engineering andResearch (IAHR)• The Japan Society of Civil Engineers (JSCE)• The Japan Society of Hydrology and Water Resources (JSHWR)

Selected Publications:• “LSPIV implementation for environmental flow in various laboratory
and field cases,” Journal of Hydro-environment Research, Vol.5, No.4, pp.
263-276, 2011.
• “Channel formation in large shallow reservoirs with different geometries
during flushing,” J. of Environmental Technology, Vol.30, No.8, pp.
855-863, 2009.

Academic Societies & Scientific Organizations:• The Japan-Egypt Hydro Network on the Nile River System and the Deltaof Egypt (JE-HydroNet)• The Syndicate of Engineers, Egypt• The Japan Society of Civil Engineers (JSCE)• Member of Editorial Board, Journal of Water Sciences Research

Name:
Mohamed Saber

Affiliation:
Assistant Professor, Geology Department, Faculty of Science, Assiut University

Address:
Assiut 71516, Egypt

Brief Career:
1997-2006 Demonstrator and Assistant Lecturer, Assiut University, Egypt
2010-present Assistant Professor, Assiut University, Egypt2012 April-July A Researcher at Nile Basin Initiative (NBI), Eastern Nile
Technical Regional Office (ENTRO), Addis Ababa, Ethiopia

Selected Publications:• “Hydrological Modeling of distributed Runoff Throughout Comparative
Study Between Some Arabian Wadi basins,” JSCE Annual J. of HydraulicEng., Vol.54, pp. 85-90, 2010.
• “A physical-Based Distributed Hydrological Model of Wadi System to
Simulate Flash Floods in Arid Regions,” J. of Hydro-Environment
Research (Accepted, final process).

Academic Societies & Scientific Organizations:• The Japan-Egypt Hydro Network on the Nile River System and the Deltaof Egypt (JE-HydroNet)• The Geological Society of Egypt (GSE)• The Japan Society of Civil Engineers (JSCE)

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Journal of Disaster Research Vol.8 No.1, 2013