SharedIt Terms and Conditions
Our support for personal content sharing is laid out in our SharedIt Principles and Guidelines(www.springernature.com/sharedit). We support a reasonable amount of sharing of content byauthors, subscribers and authorised users (“Users”), for small-scale personal, non-commercial use
provided that you maintain all copyright and other proprietary notices. By using the unique
SharedIt URL ("shareable link"), you agree to these terms of use (“Terms”). For these purposes,
Springer Nature considers academic use (by researchers and students) to be non-commercial.

These Terms are supplementary and will apply in addition to any applicable website terms andconditions and the principles and guidelines ("Principles and Guidelines") on sharing of Springer
Nature subscription content, a relevant site licence or a personal subscription. These SharedIt
Terms of Use will prevail over any conflict or ambiguity with regards to the relevant terms, thePrinciples and Guidelines, a site licence or a personal subscription (to the extent of the conflict orambiguity only). By sharing, or receiving our content from a shared source, Users agree to bebound by these SharedIt Terms of Use.

We collect and use personal data to provide the SharedIt service. We may also use these personal
data internally within Springer Nature and as agreed share it, in an anonymised way, for purposesof tracking, analysis and reporting. We will not otherwise disclose your personal data outside theSpringer Nature group unless we have your permission as detailed in our Privacy Policy.

Users may occasionally share a shareable link to a read-only version of the full text article.
Permitted use cases are laid out in our Principles and Guidelines. Furthermore, Users may, andare strongly encouraged to, include the official SharedIt logo strictly in conjunction with theshareable links.

Recipients will need to be able to receive the shareable link and view it on the website throughtechnology provided by Readcube. Please ensure that you have the express consent of therecipient to send the link to their email address or contact details. Users may not use theshareable links or the SharedIt service to abuse, harass, intimidate or where such use may be inbreach of confidentiality or another person’s privacy or other rights, or of any duty owed by you.
In using the shareable links or the SharedIt service you should not impersonate another person orotherwise misrepresent your identity, affiliation or status;
Users and the recipients of the shareable link, may not:1. use the SharedIt service or shareable links for the purpose of providing other users withaccess to content on a regular or large scale basis or as a means to circumvent access
control;12. use the SharedIt service or shareable links where to do so would be considered a criminalor statutory offence in any jurisdiction, or gives rise to civil liability, or is otherwise
unlawful;
3. falsely or misleadingly imply or suggest our endorsement, approval , sponsorship, orassociation unless explicitly agreed to by us in writing;4.

use bots or other automated methods to access the SharedIt facility or redirect
messages; or5.

override any security feature or exclusionary protocol.

These terms of use are reviewed regularly and may be amended at any time. We are notobligated to publish any information or content and may remove it and the shareable links or any
SharedIt features or functionality at our sole discretion, at any time with or without notice. We
may revoke this licence to you at any time and remove access to any copies of the shared content
or shared links which have been saved.

Sharing of our content via SharedIt may not be done in order to create a substitute for our own
products or services or a systematic database of our content. Furthermore, we do not allow thecreation of a product or service that creates revenue from our content or its inclusion as part of apaid for service or for other commercial gain. SharedIt cannot be used for inter-library loans andlibrarians may not upload SharedIt links on a large scale into their, or any other, institutionalrepository.

Please note that these rights do not automatically extend to content, data or other material
published by Springer Nature that we license from third parties.
If you intend to distribute our content to a wider audience on a regular basis or in any othermanner not expressly permitted by these Sharing Terms of Use please contact us atsharedit@springernature.com.

2