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௧࿴ඖᖺᗘ ࢔ࢽ࣓࣮ࢩࣙࣥᩥ໬ㄪᰝ◊✲άືຓᡂไᗘ◊✲ᡂᯝⓎ⾲බ┈㈈ᅋἲேᚨ㛫グᛕ࢔ࢽ࣓࣮ࢩࣙࣥᩥ໬㈈ᅋᖺሗ 㸫ู෉
௧࿴ඖᖺᗘ ࢔ࢽ࣓࣮ࢩࣙࣥᩥ໬ㄪᰝ◊✲άືຓᡂไᗘ ◊✲ᡂᯝⓎ⾲┠ḟ◊✲⪅ເ㞟࠿ࡽᮏㄅⓎ⾜ࡲ࡛ࡢ⤒⦋㍕㘓࡟࠶ࡓࡗ࡚
㑅⪃ጤဨ࡟ࡼࡿㅮホձ ࠕ࢖ࢠࣜࢫ࢔ࢽ࣓࣮ࢩࣙࣥ᣺⯆ࠖ࡟㛵ࡍࡿ▱ぢᣑ኱ࡢ➃⥴       ịᕝ ❳௓ղ ࠕ࢖ࢠࣜࢫ࡟࠾ࡅࡿ࢔ࢽ࣓࣮ࢩࣙࣥᫎ⏬࡜ᫎ⏬ᨻ⟇ࡢ㛵ಀྐ◊✲ࠖࢆᣏㄞࡋ࡚ ྔ ⢭஧ճ ➃ⓗ࡟ࡲ࡜ࡵࡽࢀ࡚࠸ࡿࡀࠊලయⓗ஦౛➼ࡢゝཬࡀ୙㊊           ୕ዲ ᐶ       մ ⮬ࡽタᐃࡋࡓ୺㢟ࢆᮏ᱁ⓗ࡟ᢅ࠼࡚࠸࡞࠸ṑࡀࡺࡉ          ࢖࣭ࣛࣥࢢ࢙ࣥ       յ ⱥᅜ࢔ࢽ࣓࣮ࢩࣙࣥ◊✲ࡢࡓࡵࡢᣦ㔪࡜ࡋ࡚ࡢᴫㄝ            すᒸ ⣧୍◊✲ㄽᩥ㍕㘓............................................................................................................................. 1        ࢖ࢠࣜࢫ࡟࠾ࡅࡿ࢔ࢽ࣓࣮ࢩࣙࣥᫎ⏬࡜ᫎ⏬ᨻ⟇ࡢ㛵ಀྐ◊✲                            
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   ↷஭ ᩗ⏕◊✲⪅ເ㞟࠿ࡽᮏㄅⓎ⾜ࡲ࡛ࡢ⤒⦋බ┈㈈ᅋἲேᚨ㛫グᛕ࢔ࢽ࣓࣮ࢩࣙࣥᩥ໬㈈ᅋࡣࠊ௧࿴ඖᖺᗘࡢࠕ࢔ࢽ࣓࣮ࢩࣙࣥᩥ໬࡟㛵ࡍࡿάືࡢዡບࠖ஦ᴗ࡟࠾࠸࡚ࠊ࢔ࢽ࣓࣮ࢩࣙࣥᩥ໬άືዡບຓᡂไᗘ࡜ࡋ࡚௨ୗࡢせ㡿࡛ຓᡂᑐ㇟࡜࡞ࡿ◊✲⪅ࢆເ㞟ࡋࡓࠋ1㸧㊃᪨බ┈㈈ᅋἲேᚨ㛫グᛕ࢔ࢽ࣓࣮ࢩࣙࣥᩥ໬㈈ᅋࡣࠊ࢔ࢽ࣓࣮ࢩࣙࣥᩥ໬ࡢ⌮ゎཬࡧⓎᒎࡢࡓࡵ࡟ࠊᅜෆእ࡟࠾ࡅࡿ࢔ࢽ࣓࣮ࢩࣙࣥᩥ໬࡟㛵ࡍࡿㄪᰝ◊✲άື࡟ᑐࡋࠊຓᡂࢆ⾜࡞࠺2㸧ᑐ㇟࡜ࡍࡿ◊✲ࡢ㡿ᇦ࣭࢔ࢽ࣓࣮ࢩࣙࣥࡢ⌮ㄽ࣭Ṕྐ࡟㛵ࡍࡿ◊✲࣭࢔ࢽ࣓࣮ࢩࣙࣥไస᪉ἲ࠾ࡼࡧࡑࡢᢏ⾡࡟㛵ࡍࡿ◊✲࣭ࡑࡢ௚ࠊ࢔ࢽ࣓࣮ࢩࣙࣥ࡟㛵ࡋࠊୖグࡢ㊃᪨࡟ᐤ୚ࡍࡿ◊✲3㸧ㄪᰝ◊✲ィ⏬ཬࡧຓᡂ㢠ㄪᰝ◊✲ィ⏬ࡣ௧࿴  ᖺ  ᭶  ᪥ࡲ࡛࡟ㄪᰝ◊✲ࡀ᏶஢ࡋࠊᡂᯝࢆྲྀࡾࡲ࡜ࡵࡽࢀࡿࡶࡢ࡜
ࡍࡿࠋຓᡂ㢠ࡣ  ㄪᰝ◊✲࠶ࡓࡾ  ୓෇௨ෆ࡜ࡋࠊ௧࿴  ᖺ  ᭶  ᪥ࡲ࡛࡟ᨭᡶ࠺ࡶࡢ࡜
ࡍࡿ
4㸧ເ㞟ࡢᑐ㇟⪅ḟࡢ᮲௳ࡢఱࢀ࠿ࢆ‶ࡓࡍ⪅࣭኱Ꮫ㝔ಟኈࡲࡓࡣ༤ኈㄢ⛬࡟ᅾ⡠ࡍࡿ⪅ཬࡧㄪᰝ◊✲ᮇ㛫୰࡟㐍Ꮫࢆணᐃࡍࡿ⪅࣭኱Ꮫࠊ◊✲ᶵ㛵ࠊᩍ⫱ᶵ㛵➼࡟࠾࠸࡚ㄪᰝ◊✲άື࡟ᚑ஦ࡍࡿ⪅࣭༤≀㤋ཬࡧᅗ᭩㤋࡛ㄪᰝ◊✲άື࡟ᚑ஦ࡍࡿᏛⱁဨ࣭ᅗ᭩㤋ྖ᭩➼ࡢ⫋ဨ࣭ࡑࡢ௚ࠊᙜヱㄪᰝ◊✲άື࡟ᚑ஦࡛ࡁࡿ࡜ᙜ㈈ᅋࡀㄆࡵࡿ⪅5㸧ࡑࡢ௚ࡢ᮲௳
࣭ㄪᰝ◊✲ィ⏬ࡣ⏦ㄳ⪅ࡀ୺య࡜࡞ࡗ࡚⾜࡞࠺ㄪᰝ◊✲࡜ࡍࡿࠋ⏦ㄳ⪅ࡣಶேࡲࡓࡣࢢ࣮ࣝࣉ
࡟㝈ࡿ࣭௚ࡢㄪᰝ◊✲ຓᡂไᗘ࠿ࡽ᪤࡟ຓᡂࢆཷࡅ࡚࠸ࡿ࠿ࠊཷࡅࡿࡇ࡜ࡀỴᐃࡋ࡚࠸ࡿㄪᰝ◊✲ࡣᑐ㇟እ࡜ࡍࡿ
࣭⏦ㄳ⪅ࡢᅜ⡠ࠊᅾ⡠ᆅࡣၥࢃ࡞࠸ࡀࠊ⏦ㄳཬࡧㄪᰝ◊✲Ⓨ⾲ࡣ᪥ᮏㄒ࡟㝈ࡿ࣭ㄪᰝ◊✲ᡂᯝࡣ᏶඲࡞࢜ࣜࢪࢼ࡛ࣝ࠶ࡿࡇ࡜ࠊཬࡧㄪᰝ◊✲ෆᐜ࡟ྵࡲࢀࡿ➨୕⪅ࡢⴭస≀࡟㛵ࡋ࡚ࡣ㐺ἲ࡟ⴭసᶒ➼ࡢฎ⌮ࡀ࡞ࡉࢀ࡚࠸ࡿࡇ࡜࡜ࡍࡿ

6㸧 ⏦ㄳࡢ᪉ἲ
ᙜ㈈ᅋࡢᣦᐃࡍࡿຓᡂ⏦ㄳ᭩࡟ᚲせ஦㡯ࢆグධࡋࠊㄪᰝ◊✲ィ⏬᭩㸦᭩ᘧ⮬⏤㸧࡜࡜ࡶ࡟ᥦ
ฟࡍࡿ࣭ಶே㸦ཪࡣࢢ࣮ࣝࣉ㸧ࡀᛂເ࡛ࡁࡿㄪᰝ◊✲ィ⏬ࡣࡦ࡜ࡾ㸦ཪࡣ㸯ࢢ࣮ࣝࣉ㸧࠶ࡓࡾ୍௳࡟㝈ࡿ࣭⏦ㄳࡢ㝿ࡢ⏦ㄳ᭩ࠊㄪᰝ◊✲ィ⏬᭩ࠊῧ௜ࡉࢀࡓ㈨ᩱ➼ࡣ㏉༷ࡋ࡞࠸
7㸧◊✲ᡂᯝࡢᥦฟ
ᙜຓᡂࡀỴᐃࡋࡓሙྜࠊᙜ㈈ᅋ࡜◊✲ᡂᯝࡢᥦฟ࡟㛵ࡍࡿぬ᭩ࢆ⥾⤖ࡋࠊ௧࿴  ᖺ  ᭶  ᪥ࡲ࡛࡟◊✲ᡂᯝࢆᩥ᭩࡟ࡋ࡚ᥦฟࡍࡿࠋ◊✲ᡂᯝࡣᙜ㈈ᅋࡀ⾜࡞࠺ᬑཬၨⓎάື࡟࠾࠸࡚ฟ
∧≀㸦:HE ➼ࢆྵࡴ㸧࡟ࠊ㈈ᅋࡀ⮬⏤࡟౑⏝࡛ࡁࡿࡇ࡜ࢆ᮲௳࡜ࡍࡿ
8㸧ເ㞟ᮇ㛫ཬࡧࢫࢣࢪ࣮ࣗࣝ
ᛂເ㛤ጞ               2019 ᖺ 11 ᭶ᛂເ⥾ࡵษࡾ             2020 ᖺ 1 ᭶ 31 ᪥㑅⪃ጤဨ఍㆟࠾ࡼࡧຓᡂᑐ㇟⪅ࡢỴᐃ  2020 ᖺ 3 ᭶ୖ᪪ຓᡂ㔠ࡢ஺௜             2020 ᖺ 3 ᭶ 31 ᪥୰㛫࣏࣮ࣞࢺࡢᥦฟ          2020 ᖺ 9 ᭶ 30 ᪥◊✲ᡂᯝࡢᥦฟ            2021 ᖺ 3 ᭶ 31 ᪥
9㸧㑅⪃᪉ἲ
Ꮫ㆑⤒㦂⪅ཬࡧᙜ㈈ᅋ⌮஦ࠊᏛⱁဨ࡛ᵓᡂࡍࡿ㑅⪃ጤဨ࡟ࡼࡾࠊᑂᰝ㑅⪃ࢆ⾜࡞࠺㸦㑅⪃ጤဨணᐃ⪅㸧  ịᕝ ❳௓  㸦᫂἞኱Ꮫ኱Ꮫ㝔≉௵ᩍᤵ㸧ྔ ⢭஧   㸦ᫎീ◊✲ᐙ㸧୕ዲ ᐶ   㸦≉ᐃ㠀Ⴀ฼άືἲே࢔ࢽ࣓≉᧜࢔࣮࢝࢖ࣈᶵᵓ㸧࢖࣭ࣛࣥࢢ࢙ࣥ㸦ᮾி⸤⾡኱Ꮫ≉௵෸ᩍᤵ㸧すᒸ ⣧୍  㸦ᚨ㛫グᛕ࢔ࢽ࣓࣮ࢩࣙࣥᩥ໬㈈ᅋ ホ㆟ဨ㸧

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㑅⪃ጤဨ࡟ࡼࡿᑂᰝࡢ⤖ᯝࠊ௨ୗࡢ◊✲࡟ຓᡂࢆ⾜࡞ࡗࡓࠋ
㺃↷஭ᩗ⏕
ࠕ࢖ࢠࣜࢫ࡟࠾ࡅࡿ࢔ࢽ࣓࣮ࢩࣙࣥ⏘ᴗྐࡢ෌᳨ウ㸫ᨻ⟇ᨭ᥼࡜࢚ࢥࢩࢫࢸ࣒࡟╔┠ࡋ࡚㸫ࠖͤᙜึ  ᖺ  ᭶ᮎࡲ࡛࡟ᥦฟணᐃ࡛࠶ࡗࡓࡀࠊ᪂ᆺࢥࣟࢼ࢘࢕ࣝࢫឤᰁ⑕ࡢὶ⾜ᣑ኱ࡢᙳ㡪࡟ࡼࡾணᐃࡋ࡚࠸ࡓㄪᰝ◊✲ࡀᅔ㞴࡛࠶ࡿ࡜ุ᩿ࡋࠊᥦฟᮇ㝈ࢆ  ᖺ  ᭶ᮎࡲ࡛ᘏ㛗ࡍࡿࡇ࡜࡜ࡋࡓࠋ
◊✲⪅ࡣࠊ ᖺ  ᭶ᥦฟᮇ㝈ࡲ࡛࡟◊✲ㄽᩥࢆᥦฟࡋࡓࠋ
ᮏㄅࡣ◊✲ᡂᯝࡢⓎ⾲ࡢሙ࡜ࡋ࡚ࠊᥦฟࡉࢀࡓㄽᩥࢆ㑅⪃ጤဨࡢㅮホ࡜࡜ࡶ࡟㍕㘓ࡍࡿࡶࡢ࡛
࠶ࡿࠋ㍕㘓࡟࠶ࡓࡗ࡚
ᮏㄅ࡛ࡣࠊ◊✲ᡂᯝࡢᥦฟ㡰࡟ࠊୗグࡢࡼ࠺࡞ฎ⨨ࢆ᪋ࡋࡓୖ࡛ᥦฟࡉࢀࡓᩥ❶ࡢࡲࡲ㍕㘓ࡋࡓࠋ࣭ྛㄽᩥࡢ⾲⣬࡟࠶ࡓࡿ㡫ࢆ◊✲ࢱ࢖ࢺࣝ࡜◊✲⪅ྡࡢࡳࢆグࡋࡓࡶࡢ࡟ᨵࡵࡓࠋ
࣭᫂ࡽ࠿࡞ㄗᏐ⬺Ꮠࡣゞṇࡋࡓࠋ࣭సရྡࡸⓏሙே≀ྡ࡞࡝ࡣࠊ๻ሙ⏝ࣃࣥࣇࣞࢵࢺ➼ࡢฟ∧≀࡟࠶ࡿ୍⯡ⓗ࡞⾲グ࡟ᚑࡗࡓࠋ
࣭ᮏㄽ㡫ࠊ㈨ᩱ㡫࡟࠾࠸࡚ࠊᮏㄅࡢ∧ᆺ࡟㐺ṇ࡟཰ࡲࡿࡼ࠺ࠊࢧ࢖ࢬࢆኚ᭦ࡋࡓࠋ

㑅⪃ጤဨ࡟ࡼࡿㅮホձࠕ࢖ࢠࣜࢫ࢔ࢽ࣓࣮ࢩࣙࣥ᣺⯆ࠖ࡟㛵ࡍࡿ▱ぢᣑ኱ࡢ➃⥴ịᕝ❳௓㸦᫂἞኱Ꮫ኱Ꮫ㝔≉௵ᩍᤵ / ≉ᐃ㠀Ⴀ฼άືἲே࢔ࢽ࣓≉᧜࢔࣮࢝࢖ࣈᶵᵓ๪⌮஦㛗㸧ⱥᅜ࢔ࢽ࣓࣮ࢩࣙࣥ࡟ࡘ࠸࡚ࡣᩓⓎⓗ࡞᝟ሗࡋ࠿▱ࡽ࡞࠸ࠋࡲࡋ࡚ࡸᨻᗓ࠿ࡽࡢᫎ⏬᣺⯆⟇࡜ࡢ㛵ಀࡣ⮬ศ࠿ࡽࡣࡲࡎㄪ࡭࡞࠸ࢸ࣮࣐࡛࠶ࡿࡓࡵࠊ㠀ᖖ࡟⯆࿡῝࠸ࢸ࣮࣐ࡔ࡜⪃࠼ࡿࠋᨭ᥼ࡋࡓ
ศࡢᡂᯝࡣ࠶ࡿࡢ࡛ࡣ࡞࠸ࡔࢁ࠺࠿ࠋ≉࡟࢔࣮࢝࢖ࣈࡢ☜❧࡟㛵ࡍࡿ᝟ሗࡣࠊ௒ᚋࡢ◊✲⪅࡟࡜ࡗ࡚኱ࡁ࡞⣒ཱྀ࡜࡞ࡿࡔࢁ࠺ࠋ
ࡑ࠺ࡋࡓ࣏ࢪࢸ࢕ࣈ࡞ᡂᯝࡀ࠶ࡿ࡜࠸࠺๓ᥦ࡛ࠊ100 ᖺつᶍࡢኊ኱࡞ㄪᰝ࡜ࡋ࡚࠸ࡿࡓࡵ࠿ࠊ࠸
ࡃࡘ࠿⮬᫂ᛶࡢ࠶ࡿ኱๓ᥦࢆ௙ศࡅ࡚࠸࡞࠸ⅬࡀẼ࡟࡞ࡗࡓࠋ࣭BBC ௨ᚋࡢᨭ᥼ࡣࢸࣞࣅ⏘ᴗࡢ᣺⯆ࠊᡓᚋ࣋ࣅ࣮ࣈ࣮࣐࣮࡬ࡢᩍ⫱ⓗഃ㠃࠿ࡽࠊ࢔ࢽ࣓࣮ࢩࣙ
ࣥ࡬ࡢὀ┠ࡣᙜ↛࡛ࡶ࠶ࡿࠋࢸࣞࣅ᫬௦௨๓㸦ᫎ⏬୰ᚰ᫬௦㸧࡜ࡣࠊᅵྎࡀࡣࡿ࠿࡟␗࡞ࡾࠊྠࡌ
ὶࢀ࡛ㄽࡌࡿࡇ࡜ࡣ㞴ࡋ࠸ࡢ࡛ࡣ࡞࠸࠿ࠋ
࣭ࡓ࡜࠼ࡤ Channel 4 ࡣᨺ㏦᫬௦௨๓࡟ࠊఱࡽ࠿ࡢẕయࢆ᭷ࡋ࡚࠸ࡿ࠿࠸࡞࠸࠿ࠋࡘࡲࡾ⥅⥆ᛶࡀ࠶ࡿࡢ࠿↓࠸ࡢ࠿ࠋ࣭ࢹ࢕ࢬࢽ࣮ࡀ㛗⠍࢔ࢽ࣓࣮ࢩࣙࣥᫎ⏬ࢆᡂຌࡉࡏࡓ᫬Ⅼ௨๓ࡣ▷⠍࢔ࢽ࣓࣮ࢩࣙࣥࡋ࠿Ꮡᅾࡏ
ࡎࠊⱁ⾡ᛶࡶప࠸࡜ࡉࢀ࡚ࡁࡓࡢ࡛ࠊᨭ᥼ᑐ㇟࡛࡞࠸㸦ᫎ⏬ᢅ࠸ࡉࢀ࡚࠸࡞࠸㸧ࡢࡶ♫఍ᖖ㆑ୖࠊ
࠶ࡲࡾ࡟ᙜ↛࡛ࡣ࡞࠸ࡢ࠿ࠋ
࣭సᐙⓗ࡞⤒⬦ࠊࢫࢱࢪ࢜ࡢὶࢀ࡞࡝ࠊࡶࡋ᪥ᮏࡢᮾᫎື⏬࡟┦ᙜࡍࡿࡼ࠺࡞ࠕᖿࠖࡀ࠶ࡿ࡞ࡽࠊ
ࡑࡇ࡜ࡢ㛵㐃ᛶࢆᾋࡁ᙮ࡾ࡟ࡍ࡭ࡁ࡛ࡣ࡞࠸࠿ࠋ࡞࠸ࡋࡣ㏫࡟ഐὶ࡜࡞ࡗࡓ㸦ၟᴗⓗ⮬❧ᛶ࡟ஈࡋ࠸㸧సရ⩌ࢆ₃ࡽࡉࡎㄪᰝࡋࠊᨭ᥼ᑐ㇟ࠊ㠀ᑐ㇟࡜௙ศࡅࠊ᫬௦┦㸦ࡓ࡜࠼ࡤ 5 ᖺ࠿ 10 ᖺ༢఩㸧࡛༊ษࡿࡇ࡜࡛ࠊⱥᅜ࡟࠾ࡅࡿᨭ᥼ᇶ‽ࡢᇶ‽࡜ࠊࡑࡢኚᐜࠊ᥎⛣ࡀከᑡࡣࡘ࠿ࡵࡓࡢ࡛ࡣ
࡞࠸࠿ࠋ࣭ᩥ໬ᗇࡢᨭ᥼஦ᴗ࡟ᑂᰝጤဨ࡜ࡋ࡚ᩘᖺᦠࢃࡗࡓࡇ࡜ࡀ࠶ࡿࠋࡑࡢ࡜ࡁࡣࠊࡓ࡜࠼ࡤಶேసᐙ
࡬ࡢᨭ᥼ࡀ⮳㞴࡛࠶ࡿࡓࡵ㸦᣺ࡾ㎸ࡳ࡞࡝ࡢ஦᝟ࡽࡋ࠸㸧ࠊ௻ᴗ࡜ࡋ࡚ࡢయ⿢ࡀᚲせ࡜ࡉࢀ࡚࠸ࡓࠋ
እ㒊࠿ࡽㄪᰝࡍࡿࡢࡣ⮳㞴࡛࠶ࡿࡀࠊᨭ᥼ᑐ㇟ࡢศ㢮ࠊᩚ⌮ࢆࡍࡿࡇ࡜࡛࠶ࡿ⛬ᗘࠊࡇ࠺ࡋࡓഴ
ྥ㸦ᨭ᥼ࡢᚲせᛶ࡜ᨭ᥼ࡢ⤖ᯝ㸧ࡶᾋࡁ᙮ࡾ࡟࡞ࡿࡢ࡛ࡣ࡞࠸࠿ࠋ
࠶࠼࡚௚࡟Ẽ࡟࡞ࡿⅬ࡜ࡋ࡚ࡣࠊ᪥ᮏࡢᨭ᥼ࠊ᣺⯆⟇࡬ࡢᥦゝࡀ᭱ᚋࡢ࡯࠺࡟࠶ࡿ࡟ࡶ㛵ࢃࡽࡎࠊ࠶ࡲࡾ࡟ࠕᙜࡓࡾ๓࡛ࠖ࠶ࡗࡓࠋ
ࠕⱥᅜᨭ᥼ࡢ⊂⮬ᛶࠖࡀ࠸࠿࡞ࡿࡶࡢ࡛ࠊ࡝࠺᪥ᮏࡢࠕࡸࡗ࡚࠸
࡞࠸ࡇ࡜ࠖ࡜ࡋ࡚ཧ⪃࡟࡞ࡿࡶࡢࡀࠊ࠺ࡲࡃㄞࡳ࡜ࢀ࡞࠿ࡗࡓ㸦ࡇࡕࡽࡢㄞゎ୙㊊࠿ࡶࡋࢀ࡞࠸㸧ࠋ᪥ᮏ࡛ࡣၟᴗ࢔ࢽ࣓࣮ࢩࣙࣥࡀ⮬ᚊⓗ࡟㔞⏘ࢆ⥅⥆ࡋ࡚࠸ࡿࠋࡑࡢ⠊␪࡟཰ࡲࡽ࡞࠸ᩍ⫱ⓗࠊᩥ໬ⓗ࢔ࢽ࣓࣮ࢩࣙࣥࡶࠊࡑࢀ࡞ࡾ࡟඘ᐇࡋ࡚࠸ࡿࡣࡎࡔࠋ≉࡟ಶேไసࡀྍ⬟࡜࡞ࡗࡓ㏆ᖺ࡛ࡣࠊ
YouTube ୖ࡛࢔ࢽ࣓࣮ࢩࣙࣥࡶⓎಙྍ⬟࡜࡞ࡗ࡚࠸ࡿࠋ
ࡑࢀ࡛ࡶ࡞࠾ⱥᅜࡢᨾ஦ࠊ࡞࠸ࡋⱥᅜ⊂⮬ࡢ⢭⚄ᛶ࡟Ꮫࡪ࡭ࡁ࡜ࡇࢁࡣࠊ࡝ࡇ࡞ࡢࡔࢁ࠺࠿ࠋࡇ
ࢀࡣẼ࡟࡞ࡿⅬ࡜࠸࠺ࡼࡾࠊせᮃ࡟㏆࠸ࡇ࡜࡛࠶ࡿࠋ
඲యⓗ࡟ࠕࡼࡃ▱ࡽ࡞࠸ᅜࡢࡇ࡜࡛ࠖ࠶ࡾࠊ⮬ศࡢ⯆࿡㛵ᚰࡢ⠊ᅖ࡟࣮ࣜࢳࡍࡿ᝟ሗࡀஈࡋ࠿ࡗ
ࡓࡢࡣࠊ◊✲⪅࡜ࡋ࡚࠾᜝ࡎ࠿ࡋ࠸ḟ➨ࡔࠋࡓ࡜࠼ࡤ 100 ᖺవ๓ࠊ᪥ᮏࡢ࢔ࢽ࣓࣮ࢩࣙࣥసᐙࡀ่⃭ࢆཷࡅࡓࡢࡣࠕⱥᅜ࢔ࢽ࣓࣮ࢩࣙࣥࠖ
ࡔ࡜ࡉࢀ࡚࠸ࡓࡾࡍࡿࠋ࡛࠶ࢀࡤࡑࡢసရ⩌࡜ࡢ㛵ಀᛶࡣ࠶ࡿࡢ࠿࡞࠸ࡢ࠿ࠋ࠶ࡿ࠸ࡣ⊂⮬ࡢᨭ᥼ᑐ㇟ࡢసရ୰ࠕࡇࢀࡣ᪥ᮏ࡛ࡣసࢀ࡞࠸ࠖ
ࠕࡶࡗ࡜ࡇ࠺࠸࠺సရࢆసࡿ࡭ࡁࡔࠖ࡜࠸࠺Ⓨぢࡣ࡞࠿ࡗࡓࡢ࠿ࠋ
௒ᚋࡢ◊✲ࡢ῝໬ࢆ㏻ࡌࠊࡼࡾ᝟ሗศ㢮ࠊᩚ⌮ࡢ⢭ᗘࡸࠊ᫬௦ࡢ༊ษࡾࠊస㢼࡞࡝ࡢኚ㑄࡞࡝ࠊࡑࡇ࠿ࡽㄞࡳ࡜ࢀࡿ▱ぢࡢቑ኱࡟ᮇᚅࡋࡓ࠸ࠋ
௨ୖ㑅⪃ጤဨ࡟ࡼࡿㅮホղࠕ࢖ࢠࣜࢫ࡟࠾ࡅࡿ࢔ࢽ࣓࣮ࢩࣙࣥᫎ⏬࡜ᫎ⏬ᨻ⟇ࡢ㛵ಀྐ◊✲ࠖࢆᣏㄞࡋ࡚ྔ⢭஧㸦ᫎീ◊✲ᐙ㸧ᮏ✏ࢆᣏㄞࡋ࡚ࠊ୺࡟௨ୗ  Ⅼ᪂ࡓ࡞▱ぢࢆᚓࡽࢀࡓࠋ
ձ ᖺ࡟ᡂ❧ࡋࡓᫎ⏬ἲࡣᐇ෗㛗⦅୰ᚰ࡟㐺⏝ࡉࢀࠊ▷⦅୰ᚰࡔࡗࡓ࢔ࢽ࣓࣮ࢩࣙࣥࢆ᤼㝖ࡋࡓࠋղ㒑ᨻᒁᫎ⏬ࣘࢽࢵࢺ࡜ඣ❺ᫎ⏬ᇶ㔠ࡣᩍ⫱ⓗ࣭ᩥ໬ⓗഃ㠃ࢆ㔜どࡋ࡚ᨭ᥼ࡋࡓࠋ
ճ ᖺ௦௨㝆ࡢ %%&&KDQQHO ࡢᨭ᥼ࡣ࠶ࡿ⛬ᗘᡂຌࡋࡓࠋ
մⱥᅜᫎ⏬༠఍ࡣ࢔࣮࢝࢖ࣈ࡜ᬑཬ࣭ಖ඲࡟ᑾຊࡋࡓࠋ
ࡓࡔࡋࠊࡇࢀࡽࡣ஦㇟ࡢ⥲ᣓⓗಠ▔࡛࠶ࡾࠊಶู஦౛㸦సရ࣭ࢫࢱࢵࣇ࣭ࢫࢱࢪ࢜➼ࠎ㸧ࡢㄽᣐࡀࡼࡃศ࠿ࡽ࡞࠸ࡢ࡛ලయⓗ⌮ゎ࡟⧅ࡀࡽ࡞࠿ࡗࡓࠋ๓ᥦ࡜ࡋ࡚ࠊ࢔ࢽ࣓࣮ࢩࣙࣥไసࡣࠊ୍⯡࡟ᐇ෗ࡼࡾࡶ㈨㔠࡜ேᮦ࡜᫬㛫ࢆせࡍࡿࡓࡵࠊඛࢇࡌ࡚ᨭ᥼ᑐ㇟ࢆ᳨ウࡉࢀࡡࡤ࡞ࡽ࡞࠸ࠋ࡟ࡶᣊ
ࡽࡎࠊⱁ⾡ⓗ౯್ࡀㄆࡵࡽࢀ࡚᮶࡞࠿ࡗࡓ⤒⦋࡟ࡣࠊࢪࣕࣥࣝ࡜ࡋ࡚ࡢᕪูⓗᚅ㐝ࡢၥ㢟ࡶ࠶ࡗࡓࡢ࡛ࡣ࡞࠸࠿ࠋ
ࠕ࢖ࢠࣜࢫ࢔ࢽ࣓࣮ࢩࣙࣥᫎ⏬ྐᴫㄝ㸦ᮏᩥ୰࡛ࡣࠗ➨୕⠇࠘࡜⾲グ㸧ࠖࡣࠊୖグㄽ᪨ࡢᇶ♏࣭๓ᥦࢆᡂࡍ㔜せ࡞ࣃ࣮ࢺ࡛࠶ࡿ࡜ᛮࢃࢀࡿࡀࠊᖺ⾲ࡶసရࣜࢫࢺࡶ࡞࠸ࡢ࡛ᴫほࡋࡼ࠺ࡀ࡞࠸ࠋ
ⱥᅜᫎ⏬༠఍ࡢබ㛤ࣜࢫࢺࡣࢱ࢖ࢺࣝࡢࡳ࡛ࠊ┘╩ྡࡸไస⤒⦋࡞࡝ࡢヲ⣽ࡀ୙᫂࡞ࡢ࡛ࠊࡑࢀ
ࡢࡳ⾲♧ࡋ࡚ࡶṔྐࢆㄝ࠸ࡓࡇ࡜࡟ࡣ࡞ࡽ࡞࠸ࠋ୍᪉࡛ࠊ᪥ᮏ࡛ࡈࡃ୍⯡ⓗ࡟▱ࡽࢀ࡚࠸ࡿ▷⦅࣭㛗⦅సရ࡟ࡶసᐙ࣭┘╩࡟ࡶఱࡶゐࢀࡽࢀ࡚࠾ࡽࡎࠊవࡾ࡟୙ྍゎ࡛࠶ࡿࠋᮏᩥ࡛グࡉࢀ࡚࠸ࡿ
ࠕඛ⾜◊✲࠾ࡼࡧබᩥ᭩ࠖෆࡢᴫᣓ࡜ࡋ࡚ࡶࠊ஦౛ࡀᑡ࡞㐣ࡂࡿࡢ࡛ࡣ࡞࠸࠿ࠋ
ᮏᩥ࡛ࠕⱥᅜᫎ⏬༠఍ࡣ⮬㌟ࡢ࢙࢘ࣈࢧ࢖ࢺ࡛ࡶ࢖ࢠࣜࢫ࢔ࢽ࣓࣮ࢩࣙࣥᫎ⏬ࢆྲྀࡾୖࡆࡓ≉㞟グ஦ࡸᫎീ࢔࣮࢝࢖ࣈࡢ୰࡛࢔ࢽ࣓࣮ࢩࣙࣥ࡟≉໬ࡋࡓ┠㘓ࢆసᡂࠖ࡜࠶ࡿࡀࠊࡑࡢෆᐜࢆ▱ࡾࡓ࠿ࡗࡓࠋ▷⦅࣭㛗⦅ࡢ༊ศࠊᢏ⾡࡜ᢏἲࡢ༊ศࡣබⓗᨭ᥼ࡢᚲせᛶࡸ㔜せᗘࢆࡿୖ࡛ࡶḞ࠿

ࡏ࡞࠸どⅬࡢ➻ࡔࠋⱥᅜᫎ⏬༠఍㸦%),㸧ࡣ௨ୗࡢࡼ࠺࡞ᴫ␎ࢆ➃ⓗ࡟᫂♧ࡋ࡚࠸ࡿࡀࠊࡇࡇ࡟グࡉࢀࡓྛసရࡢᨭ᥼ᐇែ࡟ࡘ࠸࡚▱ࡾࡓ࠿ࡗࡓࠋ
$+LVWRU\RI%ULWLVK$QLPDWLRQKWWSVZZZEILRUJXNEILGLVWULEXWLRQEILLQWHUQDWLRQDOGLVWULEXWLRQWRXULQJSURJUDPPHVKLVWRU\EULWLVKDQLPDWLRQ஦๓ࡢ఍㆟࡛ಶேⓗ࡟ᥦ᱌ࡉࡏ࡚㡬࠸ࡓࠕ㛗⦅సရࡢබⓗᨭ᥼ࡢ᭷↓ࠖ࡟ࡘ࠸࡚ࡶࠊලయⓗ࡞ゝཬࡀఱࡶ࡞ࡃṧᛕࡔࠋ኱つᶍண⟬ࢆ๓ᥦ࡜ࡍࡿ㛗⦅ࡇࡑࠊᨭ᥼஦ᴗࡢᅾࡾ᪉ࡀၥࢃࢀࡿ࠿ࡽࡔࠋ
⌧ᅾ✌ാࡋ࡚࠸ࡿලయⓗ࡞ࢫࢱࢪ࢜࡜ࡑࡢไససရ࡟ࡘ࠸࡚ࠊࡇࢀࡽࡢබⓗᨭ᥼ࡣ࡝ࡢࡼ࠺࡟ᶵ
⬟ࡋ࡚࠸ࡿࡢ࠿࡟ࡘ࠸࡚ලయⓗ࡟グࡋ࡚ḧࡋ࠿ࡗࡓࠋࡑࡢⅭ࡟ࡣࠊ㐣ཤࡢබᩥ᭩㜀ぴࡔࡅ࡛࡞ࡃ
᫖௒ࡢไస⎔ቃࡸࡑࡢ஦᝟࡟ࡘ࠸࡚ࡢྲྀᮦࡸㄪᰝࡀಶู࡟୙ྍḞ࡛࠶ࡿࡀࠊࡑ࠺ࡋࡓᐇ㊶ࡀㄽ᪨࡟⾑⫗ࢆ୚࠼ࡿࡢ࡛ࡣ࡞࠸࠿ࠋ
ࠕ⤖ㄽࠖ࡟ࠕ࢖ࢠࣜࢫ࢔ࢽ࣓࣮ࢩࣙࣥ࡟ᑐࡍࡿᨭ᥼ࡣ㝈ᐃⓗ࡛ࠊࡴࡋࢁⱥ⡿ࡢྜྠ〇సࢆಁ㐍ࡍࡿࡇ࡜࡛ᅜ⏘࢔ࢽ࣓࣮ࢩࣙࣥࡸ⮬ᅜࡢ࢔ࢽ࣓࣮ࢱ࣮࡟ᑐࡍࡿⓎ⾲ࡢሙࢆዣ࠸ࡘࡘ࠶ࡿࠖ࡜࠶ࡿ
ࡀࠊ࡝࠺࠸࠺᰿ᣐ࡛᩿ゝ࡟⮳ࡗࡓࡢ࠿ศ࠿ࡽ࡞࠸ࠋ➨୍࡟ࠊᅜෆࡢබⓗᨭ᥼࡜సရᩘࡸホ౯ࡣ༢⣧࡟ṇẚ౛ࡍࡿ࡜ࡣᛮ࠼࡞࠸ࠋ➨஧࡟ࠊ୍ᴫ࡟ࠕⱥ⡿ྜྠࠖࡤ࠿ࡾࢆࠕಁ㐍ࠖࡋࡓ࡜ࡣゝ࠼࡞࠸ࡢ࡛ࡣ࡞࠸࠿ࠋ㏆ᖺࡢྜసഴྥࡣⱥ⡿ࡢࡳ࡛࡞ࡃࠊࡴࡋࢁḢᕞ඲ᇦ࡟ᗈࡀࡗ࡚࠾ࡾࠊࡑࡢࡇ࡜࡛㛗⦅ไసࡢྍ⬟ᛶࡶᣑ኱ࡋ࡚࠸ࡿࠋ
ࡓ࡜࠼ࡤࠊᫎ⏬࢚ࠗࢭࣝ࡜࢔࣮ࢿࢫࢺ࠘㸦 ᖺ㸧ࢆไసࡋࡓ࣮ࣝࣃࢫ࣭ࣇ࢕࣒ࣝࡣࠊ㈨㔠㞴ࢆ✺◚ࡍࡿࡓࡵࣝࢡࢭࣥࣈࣝࢡ࡜ྜసࡋ࡚࠸ࡿࠋ࢖ࢠࣜࢫࢆ௦⾲ࡍࡿ࢔࣮ࢻ࣐ࣥࡣᙜึ࢛ࠗ࢘ࣞࢫ
࡜ࢢ࣑ࣝࢵࢺ࠘ࢩ࣮ࣜࢬࢆ %%& ࡛ไసࡋࡓࡀࠊ㛗⦅ᫎ⏬ࠗࢳ࢟ࣥࣛࣥ࠘㸦 ᖺ㸧ไసࢆᶵ࡟⡿ࡢࢻ࣮࣒࣮ࣜ࣡ࢡࢫ࡜ᥦᦠࡋࡓࠋࡋ࠿ࡋࠊ ᖺ࡟ࡣᥦᦠࢆゎ㝖ࡋࠊ௨㝆ࡣࢯࢽ࣮㸦ࢥࣟࣥࣅ࢔
ࣆࢡࢳ࣮ࣕࢬ㸧ࠊ1HWIOL[ ࡞࡝సရẖ࡟〇సయไࢆኚ࠼࡚࠸ࡿࠋ㛗⦅ᫎ⏬ࠗࡦࡘࡌࡢࢩ࣮ࣙࣥࠥࣂ
ࢵࢡ࣭ࢺ࣭ࢗࢨ࣭࣮࣒࣍ࠥ࠘㸦 ᖺ㸧ࠗ࢔࣮࣮࣐ࣜࣥࠥࢲࢢ࡜௰㛫ࡢ࢟ࢵࢡ࢜ࣇ㹼࠘㸦ᖺ㸧ࠗࡦࡘࡌࡢࢩ࣮ࣙࣥ 8)2 ࣇ࢕࣮ࣂ࣮࠘㸦 ᖺ㸧ࡣࠊࣇࣛࣥࢫࡢࢫࢱࢪ࢜࢝ࢼࣝ࡜ࡢྜస
࡛࠶ࡗࡓࠋ
ຍ࠼࡚ࠊື⏬ࢧ࢖ࢺࡢᦠᖏ➃ᮎど⫈ࡢ⇿Ⓨⓗᬑཬ࡟ࡼࡾࠊಶேไసࡢ▷⦅࡛࠶ࢀࡤⓎ⾲ࡢሙࡣබⓗᨭ᥼࡜↓㛵ಀ࡟ᣑ኱ࡋ࡚࠸ࡿࠋ
ලయⓗㄪᰝ࣭⪃ᐹࡢୖࠊ㐣ཤ࠿ࡽ⌧ᅾ࡟⮳ࡿࡲ࡛ࠊᨭ᥼࡜ไసࡢࠕᐇែࠖࡣ୍య࡝࠺࡛࠶ࡗࡓࡢ
࠿ࠊ௒ᚋ࡝࠺࡞ࡿྍ⬟ᛶࡀ࠶ࡿࡢ࠿ؐؐ➼ࠎࡢᒎᮃࢆ♧ࡋ࡚ḧࡋ࠿ࡗࡓࠋ
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㑅⪃ጤဨ࡟ࡼࡿㅮホճ➃ⓗ࡟ࡲ࡜ࡵࡽࢀ࡚࠸ࡿࡀࠊලయⓗ஦౛➼ࡢゝཬࡀ୙㊊୕ዲᐶ㸦≉ᐃ㠀Ⴀ฼άືἲே࢔ࢽ࣓≉᧜࢔࣮࢝࢖ࣈᶵᵓ஦ົᒁ㛗㸧ᮏㄪᰝ◊✲ࡣࠊࢥࣟࢼ⚝࡟ࡼࡿ⾜ືไ㝈ࡢᙳ㡪࡛㛗ᮇ໬ࢆవ൤࡞ࡃࡉࢀ࡚࠸ࡓࠋࡇ࠺ࡋ࡚ᡂᯝࡀ
ࡲ࡜ࡲࡗࡓࡇ࡜ࢆࡲࡎࡣ႐ࡧࡓ࠸ࠋホ⪅ࡣࠊ࢖ࢠࣜࢫࡢ࢔ࢽ࣓࣮ࢩࣙࣥ࡟ࡘ࠸࡚ࡣ࠶ࡲࡾ▱ࡽࡎࠊࡑࡢṔྐࡣࡶࡕࢁࢇࠊᨻᗓࡢᨭ᥼≧ἣ࡟ࡘ࠸࡚ᮏሗ࿌᭩࡛ึࡵ࡚▱ࡿ࡜ࡇࢁࡀከ࠿ࡗࡓࠋ⩻ࡗ࡚᪥ᮏࡢ≧ἣࡣࠊ࡜᝿㉳ࡉࡏࡽࢀࡿࡇ࡜ࡶᑡ࡞ࡃ࡞࠸ࠋⱥᅜᫎ⏬༠఍ࡢ࢔࣮࢝࢖ࣈ࡟ࡶ㏻ࡌࡿάື
࡟ࡣࠊホ⪅ࡢ௒ᚋࡢάື࡟ᙺ❧ࡘࣄࣥࢺࡶ࠶ࡗࡓࠋ◊✲⪅⮬㌟ࡶࠕᮏ✏࡛ࡣヲ⣽࡞஦౛◊✲࡟ඛ❧ࡗࡓᴫㄝⓗ࡞グ㏙࡜㆟ㄽࢆඃඛࡍࡿࠖ࡜㏙࡭࡚࠸ࡿ㏻ࡾࠊᮏሗ࿌᭩ࡣᇶ♏ⓗ᝟ሗࢆ㞟⣙ࡋࡓࠕᴫㄝ࡛ࠖ࠶ࡾࠊ㛗࠸Ṕྐࡀ➃ⓗ࡟ࡲ࡜ࡵࡽࢀࡓᡂᯝ࡜࠸࠼ࡿࠋ
ࡋ࠿ࡋ࡞ࡀࡽࠊࡶ࠺ᑡࡋලయⓗ஦౛➼࡬ࡢゝཬࡶ࠶ࡗࡓ࡯࠺ࡀⰋ࠸࡜⪃࠼ࡓࠋㄞࡳ࡞ࡀࡽࠊ
ࠕ࡞ࡐ㸽ࠖࠕࡑࡢຠᯝࡸᙳ㡪ࡣ㸽ࠖ࡜ᛮ࠺ࡇ࡜ࡀࡋࡤࡋࡤ࠶ࡗࡓ࠿ࡽࡔࠋ౛࠼ࡤ➨஧⠇࡛ࠕ࢖࣮ࢹ࢕࣮⛯ࡢ཰┈ࡢ୍㒊ࡣඣ❺ᫎ⏬ᇶ㔠ࡢᨭ᥼࡟ࡶ⏝࠸ࡽࢀࠊࡇࢀࡀ࢖ࢠࣜࢫࡢ࢔ࢽ࣓࣮ࢩࣙࣥᩥ໬ࡢⓎᒎ࡟࠾࠸࡚≉࡟㔜せ࡞ᙺ๭ࢆᯝࡓࡋࡓࠖ࡜࠶ࡿࠋࡇࢀ࡟ࡘ࠸࡚ࠊ࡞ࡐ཰┈ࡢ୍㒊ࡀඣ❺ᫎ⏬ᇶ㔠ࡢᨭ᥼࡟ࡶ⏝࠸ࡽࢀࡓࡢ࠿ࡣࠊㄒࡽࢀ࡞࠸ࠋࡲࡓࠊ
ࠕඣ❺ᫎ⏬ᇶ㔠ࠖ࡟ࡼࡿࠕඣ❺ࡢㄪᰝ࡜ࡑࢀ࡟ᇶ࡙ࡃ〇సᣦᑟࡣࠊ࢔ࢽ࣓࣮ࢩࣙࣥ〇స࡟ࡶ╔ᐇ࡟ᙳ㡪ࢆཬࡰࡋ࡚࠸ࡓࠖ࡜グࡉࢀ࡚ࡶࠊලయⓗ࡞ࠕᙳ㡪ࠖࡀఱ࡛࠶ࡿ࠿࡟ࡣゐࢀ࡚࠸࡞࠸ࠋ࠶ࡿ࠸ࡣ➨஬⠇࡛ࠕ࢖ࢠࣜࢫ࢔ࢽ࣓࣮ࢩࣙࣥ࡟ᑐࡍࡿᨭ᥼ࡣ㝈ᐃⓗࠖࠕⱥ⡿ࡢྜྠ〇సࢆಁ㐍ࡍࡿࡇ࡜࡛ᅜ⏘࢔ࢽ࣓࣮ࢩࣙࣥࡸ⮬ᅜࡢ࢔ࢽ࣓࣮ࢱ࣮࡟ᑐࡍࡿ
Ⓨ⾲ࡢሙࢆዣ࠸ࡘࡘ࠶ࡿࠖ࡜㔜せ࡞ၥ㢟ࢆグࡋ࡚ࡶࠊࡑࢀࡀ࡝࠺ࠕ㝈ᐃⓗ࡛ࠖࠊࠕዣ࠸ࡘࡘ࠶ࡿࠖ
ࡢ࠿ࡣ୙࡛᫂࠶ࡿࠋ
ࠕ௒ᚋࡢ◊✲࠾ࡼࡧᨻ⟇❧᱌ࡢᮦᩱࢆᥦ♧ࠖࡀඃඛࡉࢀࡓࡓࡵ࠿ࡶࡋࢀ࡞࠸ࡀࠊ
ࠕࡁࡗ࠿ࡅࠖࡸࠕ⤖ᯝࠖ࡟⤊ጞࡋࠊࡲࡿ࡛ᩍ⛉᭩ࢆㄞࢇ࡛࠸ࡿ༳㇟ࡔࠋࡇࢀࡽ࡟ከᑡ࡛ࡶලయⓗグ㏙ࡀຍࢃࢀࡤࠊࡉࡽ࡟ㄝᚓຊࡀቑࡋࡓࡢ࡛ࡣ࡞࠸࠿ࠋ
ࡲࡓ➨஬⠇࡛ࠊ
ࠕᩍ⫱ⓗ࣭ᩥ໬ⓗ౯್࡟ຊⅬࢆ⨨࠸ࡓᨻ⟇࡬ࡢ㌿᥮ࠖࢆᮃࡲࡋ࠸ᨻᗓᨭ᥼ࡢᅾࡾ᪉
࡜ᥦ♧ࡋ࡚࠸ࡓࡇ࡜࡟ࡣ␗ㄽࡣ࡞࠸ࠋ࡜ࡣ࠸࠼ࡑࢀࡣࠕㄡࡶࡀᛮ࠺ᙜࡓࡾ๓ࡢࡇ࡜࡛ࠖࡶ࠶ࡿࠋ
ၥࢃࢀ࡚࠸ࡿࡢࡣࠊࡑࡢࠕ㌿᥮ࠖࡀ࡛ࡁ࡚࠸࡞࠸せᅉࢆࡘࡁ࡜ࡵࠊࠕ⤒῭ᡂ㛗ࡢཎືຊ࡜ࡋ࡚ᤊ࠼
ࡿᨻ⟇ࠖ࡜࠸࠿࡟ࣂࣛࣥࢫࢆྲྀࡿ࠿ࠊࡑࡢࡓࡵࡢලయⓗ᪉⟇ࡣఱ࠿ࠊ࡛ࡣ࡞࠸ࡔࢁ࠺࠿ࠋ
࡞࠾ࠊ㈨ᩱ࡜ࡋ࡚グ㍕ࡢࠕⱥᅜᫎ⏬༠఍୍⯡↓ᩱබ㛤࢖ࢠࣜࢫ࢔ࢽ࣓࣮ࢩ୍ࣙࣥぴࠖ࡜ࠕⱥᅜᫎ
⏬༠఍ห⾜ࡢึᮇ࢔ࢽ࣓࣮ࢩࣙࣥ࢝ࢱࣟࢢࠖࡶࠊసရྡ࡜බ㛤ᖺࡢࡳ࡛ࡣ࡞ࡃࠊ┘╩ྡࡸไసࢫ
ࢱࢪ࢜ྡ࡞࡝ࡶグ㍕ࡋ࡚࡯ࡋ࠸࡜ࡇࢁࡔࠋ
⭾኱࡞㈨ᩱࡢㄞࡳゎࡁࡸࡲ࡜ࡵ࡟ᩗពࢆ⾲ࡋࡘࡘࡶࠊ┠ⓗ࡜ࡋ࡚ᥖࡆࡓࠕᫎ⏬ᨻ⟇ࢆྵࢇࡔᩥ໬
ᨻ⟇ࡢṔྐ◊✲඲⯡࡟ᑐࡋ࡚᪂ࡓ࡞▱ぢࢆᥦ♧ࠖ࡟ࡣࠊࡲࡔࡇࢀ࠿ࡽ࡜࠸࠼ࡿࠋ
௒ᚋࡢࡉࡽ࡞ࡿ᥈ồࢆᮇᚅࡋࡓ࠸ࠋ

㑅⪃ጤဨ࡟ࡼࡿㅮホմ⮬ࡽタᐃࡋࡓ୺㢟ࢆᮏ᱁ⓗ࡟ᢅ࠼࡚࠸࡞࠸ṑࡀࡺࡉ࢖࣭ࣛࣥࢢ࢙ࣥ ,ODQ1*8<(1㸦࢔ࢽ࣓࣮ࢩࣙࣥྐ◊✲㸧㸯㸬◊✲ィ⏬ࡢᐇ᪋㐣⛬࡜ࡑࡢᡂᯝ࡟ࡘ࠸࡚  ௒ᅇࡢㄪᰝ◊✲ࡣࠊⱥᅜ࡟࠾ࡅࡿ࢔ࢽ࣓࣮ࢩࣙࣥไసࡢṔྐࢆ㢟ᮦ࡟ࡋࡓព⩏࠶ࡿၥ㢟ᥦ㉳࠿ࡽⓎ㊊ࡋࡓィ⏬࡛࠶ࡗࡓࡔࡅ࡟ࠊᐇ⾜ࡋฟࡋࡓ㡭࠿ࡽୡ⏺ⓗつᶍࡢࢥࣟࢼ⚝࡟ࡼࡾィ⏬ࡀ඲㠃ⓗ࡟≬ࢃࡉࢀࡓࡇ࡜ࡀᐇ࡟ṧᛕ࡛࠶ࡿࠋࡑࢀ࡛ࡶࠊ␗ᖖ࡞≧ἣୗ࡛ඛࡀぢ࠼࡞࠸୰ࠊ࡛ࡁࡿ⠊ᅖ࡛ィ⏬ࢆᐇ᪋ࡋࡼ࠺࡜࠸࠺ດຊࡢ✚ࡳ㔜ࡡࡣホ౯ࡋࡓ࠸ࠋ ࡲࡓࠊᥦฟࡉࢀࡓሗ࿌ࡣ඲యⓗ࡟ᩥ❶ࡢࡲ࡜ࡲࡾࡀࡼࡃࠊ⡆₩࡞ᵓᡂ࡜ (ᩘᑡ࡞࠸౛እࢆ㝖ࡅࡤ1 ) ៅ㔜࡞ゝⴥ㑅ࡧ࡟ᇶ࡙࠸࡚࠾ࡾࠊࡑࡢෆᐜ࡜ᩥ㠃ࢆᩚ࠼ࡿດຊࡶㄆࡵࡿ࡭ࡁⅬࡢ୍ࡘ࡛࠶
ࡿࠋ ࡋ࠿ࡋ࡞ࡀࡽࠊሗ࿌ෆᐜࡢ㠃࡛ࡶࠊࡑࡢᇳ➹ࡢ௙᪉࡟㛵ࡋ࡚ࡶࠊṧᛕ࡞ࡇ࡜࡟ࡇࡢ㢮ࡢᩥ᭩࡟ࡣᚲせ୙ྍḞ࡞᮲௳ࢆ࠸ࡃࡘࡶ‶ࡓࡋ࡚࠸࡞࠸⤖ᯝ࡟࡞ࡗ࡚࠸ࡿࡢࡶ஦ᐇ࡛࠶ࡿࠋ௨ୗࡣࡑࡢఱ
Ⅼ࠿ࡢ౛ࢆᣲࡆࡿࠋ
㸰㸬ᡂᯝ≀࡜ࡋ࡚ࡢ◊✲ሗ࿌ࡢၥ㢟Ⅼ࡟ࡘ࠸࡚ ➃ⓗ࡟࠸࠼ࡤᮏሗ࿌ࡢ኱ࡁ࡞ၥ㢟Ⅼࡣ」ᩘࡢ␗࡞ࡗࡓഃ㠃࡟ぢࡽࢀࡿࡀࠊ୺࡟ୗグࡢ㏻ࡾᣲࡆࡽࢀࡿࠋ࣭⮬ࡽタᐃࡋࡓ୺㢟 (ᫎ⏬ᨭ᥼ᨻ⟇ࡢⱥᅜ࢔ࢽ࣓࣮ࢩࣙࣥᫎ⏬࡬ࡢᙳ㡪) ࢆᮏ᱁ⓗ࡟ᢅ࠼࡚࠸࡞
࠸Ⅼ ᵓᡂୖࠊᮏ㢟࡟ධࡿ๓ᥦ࡟ࠊᑟධ㒊࡜ࡋ࡚ⱥᅜ࡟࠾ࡅࡿᫎ⏬඲⯡࡟ᑐࡍࡿᨭ᥼ᨻ⟇ࡸ࢔ࢽ࣓࣮
ࢩࣙࣥไసࡢṔྐ࡟㛵ࡍࡿグ㏙ࡢᚲせᛶࡀ☜࠿࡟࠶ࡗࡓࡣࡎࡔࡀࠊࡑࢀࡽࡢ᩿∦ⓗ࡞グ㏙࡛ࡣᴫ␎࡜ࡋ࡚ࡶ୙᫂Ⅼࡀṧࡗࡓࡔࡅ࡛࡞ࡃࠊᮏ㢟ࡀᩥ୰࡛༨ࡵࡿ๭ྜࡀᮏᩥࡢഹ࠿ࡢ 25㸣࡟ࡶ‶ࡓࡎࠊࡑࡢෆᐜࡢ㠃࡛ࡶᮏ᱁ⓗ࡟ព࿡ࢆᣢࡘ୰㌟ࡀᴟࡵ࡚㝈ࡽࢀ࡚࠾ࡾࠊ㠀ᖖ࡟ṧᛕ࡛࠶ࡿࠋ
࣭ሗ࿌ෆᐜࡀ඲యⓗ࡟ලయᛶ࡟Ḟࡅ࡚࠾ࡾࠊᐇ᪋ࡉࢀࡓㄪᰝࡢᐇែࡀࡲࡗࡓࡃぢ࠼࡞࠸Ⅼᩥ୰ࡢグ㏙ࡢṤ࡝ࡍ࡭࡚࡟㛵ࡋ࡚ࠊࡑࡢᣦ᦬ࢆఏ࠼ࡿࡓࡵࡢ (౛࠼ࡤసရྡࡸసᐙྡ➼ࡢ) ௜๎᝟ሗࡀᣲࡆࡽࢀ࡞࠸ࡲࡲᥦ♧ࡉࢀࠊᩥ᭩඲యࡀᴟࡵ࡚ලయᛶ࡟Ḟࡅࡓ௙ୖࡀࡾ࡟࡞ࡗ࡚࠸ࡿࠋ

1 ౛࠼ࡤࠕࢸࣞࣅୖᫎࠖࡢࡼ࠺࡞⤌ࡳྜࢃࡏࡢ㐪࿴ឤࡸࠊࠕ࢔ࢽ࣓ࠖ࡜࠸࠺␎ㄒࡀฟࡿᗘ࡟ព࿡ࡢၥ㢟ࢆᏎࡴ౑࠸᪉ࡀ┠❧ࡘࠋ సရࡢᐇ౛ࡸࠊヲ⣽࡟㋃ࡳධࡗࡓグ㏙ࡢࡇࡢḞዴࡣࠊᩥ❶ࡢࡲ࡜ࡲࡾ࠿ࡽ⪃࠼ࡿ㝈ࡾࠊഅ↛ࡢ⤖ᯝ࡜ࡣᛮ࠼ࡎࠊࡴࡋࢁពᅗⓗ࡞ጼໃ࡜⪃࠼ࡊࡿࢆᚓ࡞࠸ࠋ ࡲࡓࠊ➨୕⠇࡛ᘬ⏝ࡉࢀࡿ஧ࡘࡢసရࣜࢫࢺࡢࡼ࠺࡟ࠊලయⓗ࡞సရ㢟ྡࡀࡼ࠺ࡸࡃฟ࡚ࡁࡓ
࡜ᛮ࠸ࡁࡸࠊ
ࠕ࢜ࣥࣛ࢖ࣥබ㛤࢝ࢱࣟࢢࠖ࡜ࠕึᮇ࢔ࢽ࣓࣮ࢩࣙࣥ࢝ࢱࣟࢢ࡛ࠖ࠶ࡾࠊ࡝ࢀࡶㄽ
᪨ࡢ㔜Ⅼ࡜ࡢ㛵ಀࡀ୙࡛᫂ࠊࡑࢀࡽࡢࣜࢫࢺࢆᣲࡆࡿព࿡ࡶㅦࡢࡲࡲ࡛࠶ࡿࠋ2 ➨஧ࠊ➨୕⠇࡜ࡶ࡟ࠊᇶ♏᝟ሗࡢඹ᭷ࡢព࿡ࡇࡑ࠶ࢀ࡝ࠊᐇ᪋ࡉࢀࡓࡣࡎࡢㄪᰝ࡜ࡣูࡢ୰࿡
࡛࠶ࡾࠊࡲࡓ➨ᅄ⠇ࡢෑ㢌 (p.10) ࡟ࡘ࠸᫂࠿ࡉࢀࡿࠕᫎ⏬ἲࡢ❧᱌⪅ࡀ࢖ࢠࣜࢫᫎ⏬ࡢᐃ⩏࡜ࡋ࡚㛗⦅ᫎ⏬ࢆ᮲௳࡟ࡋ࡚࠸ࡓࠖ࡜࠸࠺㔜せ࡞஦ᐇࡶࠊ๻ⓗ࡞Ⓨぢ࡜ࡋ࡚⤂௓ࡉࢀ࡞ࡀࡽࠊࡉࡋ
࡚㛗ᮇ࡟ࢃࡓࡿㄪᰝࢆせࡋࡓⓎぢ࡛ࡣ࡞ࡃࠊ๭࡜ࡍࡄ࡟☜ㄆ࡛ࡁࡿ㢮ࡢ᝟ሗ࡛ࠊࡑࡇ࡛ࡶᮏ㢟࡟㛵ࡍࡿㄪᰝసᴗࡀぢ࠼࡚ࡇ࡞࠸ࠋ
࣭ཧ⪃ᩥ⊩ࡢ୙㏱᫂࡞ᢅ࠸᪉࡟క࠺Ⅼ ᩥᮎࡢཧ⪃ᩥ⊩ࡢࣜࢫࢺ࡟⮳ࡗ࡚ࡣࠊᩥ୰࡟ࡣಶࠎࡢヲ⣽ࡢฟ඾᝟ሗࡸᘬ⏝ࡀࡲࡗࡓࡃ࡞ࡃࠊ
ᚑࡗ࡚ᮏᩥ୰ࡢグ㏙ࡶ୍㈏ࡋ࡚☜ㄆ࡛ࡁ࡞࠸ᙧ࡟࡞ࡗ࡚࠸ࡿࡇ࡜ࡶṧᛕ࡞ḟඖࢆ㉺࠼࡚ࠊ⌮ゎࡋ㞴ࡃࡍࡽ࠶ࡿࠋࡇࡢⅬࡶࠊሗ࿌ࡢᩥ❶ຊ࠿ࡽ⪃࠼ࡿ㝈ࡾ୙ὀព࡟ࡼࡿኻᩋ࡜ࡣᛮ࠼ࡎࠊࡸࡣࡾ
ᩒ࠼࡚ྲྀࡽࢀࡓ㑅ᢥࡢ⤖ᯝ࡟ࡋ࠿ぢ࠼࡞࠸ࠋࡑࡋ࡚ࠊ௬࡟ࡶࡑ࠺࡞ࡽࡤࠊ◊✲ሗ࿌࡜ࡋ࡚኱࠸࡟
ၥ㢟࡛࠶ࡿ࡜ゝࢃࡊࡿࢆᚓ࡞࠸ࠋ
 ᫬௦タᐃࡢ↔Ⅼ࡜ᒎ㛤ࡢ௙᪉࡞࡝ࠊ௚࡟ࡶⰍࠎ⣽࠿࠸ᣦ᦬ࡀ࠶ࡿࡀࠊୖグࡢᩘⅬ࡟␃ࡵࡿࡇ࡜
࡟ࡍࡿࠋ㸱㸬ᩥ໬ᨻ⟇ࢆศᯒࡍࡿᒎᮃ࡜௒ᚋ࡬ࡢᮇᚅ࡟ࡘ࠸࡚ ୖグࡢᣦ᦬ࡢ㏻ࡾࠊሗ࿌ࡢෆᐜࢆᩒ࠼࡚ᴫㄽ࡟␃ࡵࠊㄪᰝࡢヲ⣽࡟㋃ࡳධࡽ࡞࠸ࠊලయᛶࡶᴟ
➃࡟ஈࡋࡃࠊ☜ㄆࡢࡋࡼ࠺ࡶ࡞࠸୰࿡࡟㝈ᐃࡋࡓᇳ➹ࡢ௙᪉ࡀពᅗⓗ࡞ࡰ࠿ࡋ᪉࡟ぢ࠼ࠊࡑࡢ⌮⏤ࡶ᝿ീ࡟᫆ࡋ࠸ࡀࠊᮏ◊✲ᨭ᥼஦ᴗࡢほⅬ࠿ࡽุ᩿ࡍࡿ㝈ࡾࠊᴟࡵ࡚ṧᛕ࡞⤖ᯝ࡜ゝࢃࡊࡿࢆᚓ࡞࠸ࠋ ࡑࢀ࡛ࡶࠊ᭱ᚋ࡟ࠊ௒ᚋ༤ኈㄢ⛬ࡢ୍⎔࡛⥆ࡅࡽࢀࡿᇳ➹࡟ᑐࡋᩒ࠼࡚ᮇᚅࢆ㏙࡭ࡿ࡜ࡍࡿ࡞
ࡽࡤࠊ≉ᐃࡢᅜ࡟࠾ࡅࡿᫎ⏬ᨭ᥼஦ᴗࡢṔྐࢆᩥ໬ᨻ⟇ࡢྲྀࡾ⤌ࡳ࡜ࡋ࡚ᤊ࠼ࡿ࡞ࡽࡤࠊࡑࡢㄪ
ᰝ࡛ࡣྍ⬟࡞㝈ࡾ (㈨ᩱࡀṧࡗ࡚࠸ࡿ㝈ࡾ) ྍど໬ࡍ࡭ࡁ஦᯶࡟ࡣࠊᑡ࡞ࡃ࡜ࡶୗグࡢᩘഃ㠃ࡀྵࡲࢀࡿࡣࡎ࡛࠶ࡿࠋ
࣭ᨭ᥼ᨻ⟇ࡢࠕᑐ㇟ࠖ(ᨭ᥼ࢆᚓࡽࢀ࡞࠿ࡗࡓ௻⏬ࢆྵࡵ࡚ࠊࡑࢀ࡛ࡶᐇ⌧ࡋࡓᫎ⏬ࡶ㡻᣸ࡋࡓ௻⏬ࡶࠊᛂເࡉࢀࡓࡍ࡭࡚ࡢᫎ⏬௻⏬ࢆ⥙⨶ࡋࠊࡑࡢ᫬Ⅼ࡛ᢕᥱ࡛ࡁࡿ㝈ࡾࡢ඲యീ) ࡜ࡑࡢᖺࠎࡢືྥ

2 ᝟ሗᥦ౪ࡢ௙᪉࡜ࡋ࡚ࠊ㑅ᐃᇶ‽ࡶ୙࡛᫂ࡑࢀࡒࢀࡢ⥲య࡜ࡋ࡚ࡢព࿡ࡀぢ࠼ࡎࠊ᝟ሗࡶᴟࡵ࡚᩿∦ⓗ࡛ࠊᚋ⪅ࡢࣜࢫࢺ࡟⮳ࡗ࡚ࡣࠊṔྐୖࡑࡢ᫬௦࡟ไసࡉࢀࡓసရࡢ⥲ᩘࠊᡈ࠸ࡣ⌧Ꮡࡍࡿసရࡢ⥲ᩘ࡟ᑐࡋ࡚ࠊ࡝ࡢ⛬ᗘࢆ༨ࡵ࡚࠸
ࡿࡢ࠿ࡶ୙࡛᫂ࠊ༢࡞ࡿ㢟ྡࡢ⨶ิ࡟⤊ጞࡍࡿࠋ࣭ᨭ᥼ᨻ⟇ࡢࠕᇶ‽ࠖ(ᨭ᥼ྍྰࡢุ᩿㐣⛬ࡸ᮲௳ࠊ⎔ቃࠊ㛵ಀ⪅ࡢ㛵୚ࡢ௙᪉࡞࡝)⌧௦࡛ࡣከࡃࡢሙྜࠊᴗ⏺ே➼࡟ࡼࡿࠕ㑅⪃ጤဨ఍ࠖ࡜࠸࠺ᙧᘧ࡛Ỵ᩿ࡀୗࡉࢀࡿࡀࠊࡑ࠺ࡋࡓ
ጤဨ఍ࡢᵓᡂဨࠊࡑࡢ㈨᱁ࡸ௵࿨ࡢ㐣⛬࣭௵ᮇ࡞࡝ࠊເ㞟せ㡯࡛ࡢつᐃࡸ᮲௳ࠊᛂເ࡛ࡁࡿ࢝ࢸ
ࢦ࣮ࣜ࡞࡝ࠋ
࣭ᨭ᥼ᨻ⟇ࡢࠕ⤖ᯝࠖ(ᨭ᥼ࢆᚓࡽࢀࡓᫎ⏬ࡓࡕࡀ♧ࡍഴྥࠊࡑࢀࡽࡢඹ㏻ࡢ≉ᚩ࡞࡝)ᫎ⏬ᨭ᥼ᨻ⟇࡜࠸࠺㢮ࡢ஦ᴗ࡟ࡣࠊᫎ⏬࡜࠸࠺⾲⌧ࡢศ㢮ࡢ௙᪉ࡀᚲࡎ๓ᥦ࡟࠶ࡾࠊไసࡉࢀࡿ
ᫎ⏬඲⯡࡟ࡶࠊࡲࡓᫎ⏬ᴗ⏺࡟࠾ࡅࡿᫎ⏬ࡢᤊ࠼᪉࡟ࡶᙉ࠸ᙳ㡪ࢆཬࡰࡍࡇ࡜ࡀ஦ᐇ࡛࠶ࡿࠋ༶
ࡕࠊᫎ⏬ᨭ᥼஦ᴗࡢᏑᅾ࡜ࡑࡢ࠶ࡾ᪉ࡢኚ໬࡟ࡼࡾࠊࡑࡢᅜࡢᫎ⏬ࡢᅾࡾ᪉ࡲ࡛ࡶࠊ࠶ࡿ⛬ᗘࡲ࡛ᙧᡂࡍࡿຠᯝࡀࠊ஦ᴗ㛵ಀ⪅ࡢ୺ᙇࡢ᭷↓࡟࠿࠿ࢃࡽࡎࠊ࠶ࡿ౯್ほ࡜ࡋ࡚⾲ࢀࡿ⤖ᯝ࡟࡞ࡾවࡡ࡞࠸ࠋ ௨ୖࡢᣦ᦬ࢆࡶࡗ࡚ࠊᮏ◊✲ィ⏬ࡢḟࡢẁ㝵࡟࠾ࡅࡿࡼࡾㄔᐇ࡞⤖ᯝⓎ⾲࡜ࠊ௒ᚋࡢά㌍࡬ࡢ
ᮇᚅࢆ♧ࡋࡓ࠸ࠋ

㑅⪃ጤဨ࡟ࡼࡿㅮホյⱥᅜ࢔ࢽ࣓࣮ࢩࣙࣥ◊✲ࡢࡓࡵࡢᣦ㔪࡜ࡋ࡚ࡢᴫㄝすᒸ⣧୍㸦ᚨ㛫グᛕ࢔ࢽ࣓࣮ࢩࣙࣥᩥ໬㈈ᅋ ホ㆟ဨ㸧ᮏㄽᩥࡣࠊࢥࣟࢼ⚝࡛እฟไ㝈ࡀᩜ࠿ࢀࠊ⮬⏤࡞◊✲άືࡀ࡛ࡁ࡞࠿ࡗࡓ᫬ᮇ࡟ࡲ࡜ࡵࡽࢀࡓ
ࡶࡢ࡛࠶ࡾࠊᙜึணᐃࡋ࡚࠸ࡓ◊✲άືࡀᛮ࠺ࡼ࠺࡟ᐇ⌧࡛ࡁ࡞࠿ࡗࡓࡇ࡜ࡣ᝿ീ࡟㞴ࡃ࡞࠸ࠋࡓࡔࠊ⮬㌟ࡢ࢖ࣥࢺࣟࢲࢡࢩࣙࣥ࡟࠶ࡿࡼ࠺࡟ࠊ
ࠕ௒ᚋࡢ◊✲࠾ࡼࡧᨻ⟇❧᱌ࡢᮦᩱࢆᥦ♧ࡍࡿࡓࡵ࡟ࡶᮏ✏࡛ࡣヲ⣽࡞஦౛◊✲࡟ඛ❧ࡗࡓᴫㄝⓗ࡞グ㏙࡜㆟ㄽࢆඃඛࠖࢆ┠ⓗ࡜ࡋࡓࡶࡢ࡜ࡋ࡚
ࡣ⡆₩࡟ࡲ࡜ࡵࡽࢀࡓࡶࡢ࡜ࡋ࡚༑ศ࡟ホ౯࡟್ࡍࡿ࡜⪃࠼ࡿࠋ஦ᐇࠊⱥᅜࡢ࢔ࢽ࣓࣮ࢩࣙࣥ஦
᝟࡟⏒ࡔ␯࠿ࡗࡓ⮬ศ࡛ࡶࠊࢺ࣮࣮࢟ࡀጞࡲࡗ࡚࢔ࢽ࣓࣮ࢩࣙࣥࡀྛᅜ࡛సࡽࢀࡿࡼ࠺࡟࡞ࡗ࡚
࠿ࡽࡢࠊ⌧ᅾ࡟⮳ࡿࡲ࡛ࡢ࠾࠾ࡲ࠿࡞Ṕྐ࡜ࠊࣛ࢖ࣈ࢔ࢡࢩ࡛ࣙࣥࡣᩘከࡃࡢྡసࢆୡ࡟ฟࡋ࡚
࠸ࡿࡢ࡟ࠊⱥᅜ࡛ࡣ࢔ࢽ࣓࣮ࢩࣙࣥࡀࡑࢀ࡯࡝┒ࢇ࡛ࡣ࡞࠿ࡗࡓࡇ࡜࡞࡝࡟ࠊᅜᐙࡢᨻ⟇ࡀ኱࠸࡟㛵୚ࡋ࡚࠸ࡿࡇ࡜ࡀ࡞ࢇ࡜࡞ࡃ⌮ゎ࡛ࡁࡓࡼ࠺࡟ᛮ࠺ࠋ
㸦㏆ᖺ࡛ࡣࠊྛᅜࡢᅜෆ〇స࡜࠸࠺ࡇ࡜
ࡣࠊᕷሙ࡜⤒῭ⓗ࡞⌮⏤࡟ࡼࡾࠊᅜᐙࡢᯟࢆ㉸࠼ࡓỗ࣮ࣚࣟࢵࣃⓗ࡞〇సࡀ୺ὶ࡜࡞ࡗ࡚࠾ࡾࠊ
ⱥᅜࡶࡑࡢ㔜せ࡞୍⩼ࢆᢸࡗ࡚࠸ࡿࡀ㸧ࡓࡔࠊ2 ᖺࡢ᫬㛫ࢆ࠿ࡅࡓ◊✲࡜ࡋ࡚ࡣࠊㄽ㏙ࡉࢀࡓෆᐜࡣᴫㄝ࡜ࡣ࠸࠼ලయᛶࡀḞࡅ㐣ࡂ࡚࠸ࡿ༳㇟ࡣྰࡵࡎࠊ౛࠼ࡤࠕᫎ⏬ᨻ⟇ࡢᨭ᥼ࠖࡸࠕ1927 ᖺᫎ⏬ἲࠖࡢෆᐜ࡞࡝ࠊලయⓗ࡞グ㏙ࡀ࡞࠸ࡢ࡛ࠊ࡞࠿࡞࠿⌮ゎࡀ῝ࡲࡽ࡞࠸ࠋຍ࠼࡚ࠊసရࡢࢱ࢖ࢺࣝ௨እࡢゝⴥࢆ᪥ᮏㄒ໬ࡋ࡚࠶ࡿ
ࡢ࡛ࠊ౛࠼ࡤࠕᫎ⏬ἲࠖࠕⱥᅜᫎ⏬༠఍ࠖ
ࠕඣ❺ᫎ⏬ᇶ㔠ࠖ࡞࡝ࢆ㏣ຍ࡛ㄪ࡭ࡼ࠺࡟ࡶࠊཎㄒࢆᨵࡵ
࡚ㄪ࡭ࡿᚲせࡀ࠶ࡾࠊᚋ⥆ࡢ◊✲ᣦ㔪࡜ࡋ࡚ࡣࠊ⏒ࡔ୙౽࡞ࡶࡢ࡟␃ࡲࡗ࡚ࡋࡲࡗ࡚࠸ࡿࡇ࡜ࡣ
ṧᛕ࡛࠶ࡿࠋ
඲యⓗ࡞༳㇟࡛ࡣࠊᮏㄽᩥࡣᅗ᭩㤋ࡢᩥ⊩ㄪᰝࡢࡳ࡛᭩࠿ࢀࡓࡶࡢ࡛࠶ࡿ࡜ᛮࢃࢀࠊ㛵ಀ⪅ࡢ࢖ࣥࢱࣅ࣮ࣗࡸࠊᩥ⊩࡟཰ࡵࡽࢀ࡚࠸࡞࠸୍ḟ㈨ᩱࡢⓎ᥀࡞࡝࡛ࡢ⫗௜ࡅࡀ࠶ࢀࡤࠊࡉࡽ࡟⯆࿡῝࠸ㄽᩥ࡟࡞ࡗࡓ࡟㐪࠸࡞࠸ࠋࡶࡕࢁࢇࠊάືࡀ኱ᖜ࡟ไ⣙ࡉࢀࡓ⎔ቃୗ࡛ࡣࠊࡑࢀࡣᐇ⌧୙ྍ⬟࡛࠶ࡗࡓࡇ࡜ࡶᢎ▱ࡋ࡚࠸ࡿࡢࡔࡀࠋ᮶ᖺࠊ↷஭Ặࡀ኱Ꮫ࡟ᥦฟணᐃࡢ༤ኈㄽᩥ࡛ࡣヲ⣽࡞㆟ㄽࡀᐇ⌧ࡋ࡚࠸ࡿࡇ࡜ࢆᮇᚅࡍࡿࠋ

΢άϨηͶ͕͜ΖΠωϟʖεϥϱӫժͳӫժ੕ࡨ͹‫ڂݜ࢛ܐؖ‬ΫϱήηʀΩϪρζʀϫϱχϱദ࢞‫غޛ‬՟ఖলҬ‫ܡ‬ਫ਼

1

1. ΢ϱφϫξέεϥϱ
ຌߚ͹໪దͺɼ΢άϨηͶ͕͜ΖӫժસൢΝଲেͳͪ͢ޮదࢩԋʤӫӫժ੕ࡨʥͳ΢΢άϨηΠω
ϟʖεϥϱ͹ྼ࢛ΝͨΗͩΗ֕؏ͪ͢৏Ͳɼ΢άϨη͹ӫժ੕ࡨ͗ࣙࠅ͹ΠωϟʖεϥϱӫժͶଲ͢ͱ͏͖͵ΖӪ‫ڻ‬Ν‫ͪ͢·ٶ‬͹͖‫ݗ‬౾ͤΖ͞ͳͲ͍Ζɽ੣ࡠʀഓ‫ڇ‬ʀ৏ӫ͹સ෨໵ͶΉͪ
͗Ζଡ༹͵ӫժ੕ࡨ͹஦Ͳ͏͖͵Ζ΍͹͗Πωϟʖεϥϱࢊ‫ۂ‬Ͷଲ͢ͱ๮Ή͢͏Ӫ‫ڻ‬Ν‫͢·ٶ‬ɼ‫ٱ‬Ͷʹ͹Γ͑͵੕ࡨ͗Πωϟʖεϥϱࢊ‫΃ۂ‬͹ࢩԋΝ఑‫͖ͪͮ͵͘Ͳڛ‬͹͖Νർֳ‫ݗ‬౾ͤΖɽ͞ΗͶΓͮͱɼຌߚͺೖຌ‫ޢ‬͹Ί͵Δͥӵ‫ݏޢ‬Ͷ͕͏ͱ΍ॉ෾͵٠࿨͗਒ΞͲ͏͵͏ɼ΢άϨη͹ӫժ੕ࡨͳΠωϟʖεϥϱ͹֕ઈΝ఑ࣖͤΖͳͳ΍Ͷɼӫժ੕ࡨΝ‫؜‬ΞͫชԿ੕ࡨ͹ྼ࢛‫ڂݜ‬સൢͶଲ͢ͱ৿ͪ͵எ‫ݡ‬Ν఑ࣖͤΖ͞ͳΝ໪ࢨͤɽ ͵͕ɼຌ‫ڂݜ‬ͺಛؔ‫ى‬೨ΠωϟʖεϥϱชԿࡔ஄ͶΓΖঁ੔Ͷ‫ڂݜ͚Ͱخ‬੔ՎͲ͍Ζɽ౲ॵ͹‫ܯ‬ժͶ͕͏ͱͺɼ΢άϨηΠωϟʖεϥϱ੕ࡨ͹ಝఈࣆྭʤӵࠅӫժ‫ڢ‬ճ British Film InstituteʥͶ஥໪͢ɼͨ͹ಝఈ͹‫ؔغ‬Ͷ͕͜ΖΠωϟʖεϥϱ੕ࡨ͹੔ՎΝ࿨ͣΖ͞ͳΝ‫ة‬ਦ͢ͱ͏ͪɽ
͖͢͢ɼ‫ޛ‬फ़ͤΖΓ͑Ͷɼӵࠅӫժ‫ڢ‬ճ͹ΠωϟʖεϥϱӫժͶଲͤΖࢩԋͳͨ͹‫ݸ‬ֆͺɼ΋͢Θଠ͹ӫժ੕ࡨͳ͹ർֳͶΓͮͱͨ͞໎ࣖదͶ඲Ճ͗Ͳ͘Ζͳߡ͓ΔΗͪͪΌ‫ڂݜ‬͹๏޴੓
Νरਜ਼ͤΖͶࢺͮͪɽՅ͓ͱɼ઎ߨ‫ڂݜ‬Ͷ͕͏ͱ΍ӫժ੕ࡨͳΠωϟʖεϥϱ͹ྼ࢛Νใ‫ׇ‬దͶ࿨ͣͪ΍͹͗‫ۅ‬Όͱ‫ݸ‬ΔΗͱ͏Ζ͞ͳ͖Δɼࠕ‫ޛ‬͹‫͕ڂݜ‬Γ;੕ࡨཱིҌ͹ࡒྋΝ఑ࣖͤΖͪΌͶ΍ຌߚͲͺ৆ࡋ͵ࣆྭ‫ڂݜ‬Ͷ઎ཱིͮͪ֕ઈద͵‫ى‬फ़ͳ٠࿨Ν༑઎ͤΖ͞ͳͳͪ͢ɽ ຌߚ͹ߑ੔ͺҐԾ͹Γ͑Ͷ͵ͮͱ͏Ζɽ୊್ઇͲͺ΢άϨηͶ͕͜Ζӫժ੕ࡨΝ֕؏ͤΖɽ͞͞Ͳफ़΄Ζӫժ੕ࡨͺΠωϟʖεϥϱӫժ͹ΊΝଲেͳͪ͢΍͹Ͳͺ͵͚Ҳൢঐ‫ۂ‬ӫժ͖Δ‫گ‬үӫժɼࣰ‫ݩ‬ӫժɼχΫϣϟϱνϨʖӫժΉͲଡ‫ز‬ͶΚͪΖӫժΝଲেͳͪ͢΍͹Ͳ͍Ζɽ
͑ͪ͢͞ӫժસൢΝଲেͳͪ͢੕ࡨࢩԋΝࣻఖͶ‫؜‬ΌΖ͞ͳͲɼΠωϟʖεϥϱӫժͳ͏͑ζϡϱϩ͗ӫժ੕ࡨ͹໤͹஦Ͳ͏͖ͶҒ஖Ͱ͜ΔΗ͖ͪΝ࿨ͣΖ͞ͳ͗Ն೵Ͷ͵Ζɽ୊ࢀઇͲͺɼ΢άϨηͶ͕͜ΖΠωϟʖεϥϱӫժ͹ྼ࢛‫ى‬फ़Ν֕؏ͤΖɽಝͶ઎ߨ‫ڂݜ‬͹٠࿨Ͷ͕͏ͱ΢άϨηΠωϟʖεϥϱӫժ͹ʰસ੟‫غ‬ʱ͗͏͖Ͷઅఈ͠Ηɼ͏͖Ͷ͢ͱͨ͹੟ਲ͗࿨ͣΔΗͱ͖ͪ͘Ͷ஥໪ͤΖɽ͞ΗͶΓͮͱɼ΢άϨη͹ΠωϟʖεϥϱӫժΝखΕ‫͚ת‬΢άϨηࠅ಼͹‫ݶ‬ઈͶ͕͏ͱ͏͖ͶΠωϟʖεϥϱӫժ͹ྼ࢛͗‫ޢ‬ΔΗͱ͖ͪ͘Ν൹൓దͶ‫ݗ‬౾ͤΖͳಋ࣎Ͷɼ‫ٱ‬Ͷ͏͖͵ΖΠωϟʖεϥϱࡠՊΏන‫ͪ͑͗͢͞ݳ‬कླྀ͹ྼ࢛ংफ़͖Δൊ͜ཚͬͱ͏Ζ͹͖Ν
࿨ͣΖɽ୊࢝ઇͲͺɼ΢άϨηӫժ੕ࡨͳΠωϟʖεϥϱࢊ‫ۂ‬͹‫࢛ܐؖ‬Ͷͯ͏ͱ࿨ͣΖɽ݃࿨Ν઎खΕͤΖͳɼ΢άϨηΠωϟʖεϥϱӫժ͹ྼ࢛Ͷ͕͏ͱʰસ੟‫غ‬ʱͳ͠Ηͪ࣎େͶͺ੕ැͶΓΖࢩԋ͗৙Ͷ୉͘͵ༀׄΝՎͪ͢ͱ͕Εɼ‫ٱ‬Ͷӫժ੕ࡨ༙͗ްͶ‫ؽ‬೵͢ಚ͵͖ͮͪɼ΍͚͢ͺΠωϟʖεϥϱͳ͏͑ζϡϱϩͶଲԢ͢ಚ͵͖ͮͪ࣎େͺ΢άϨηΠωϟʖεϥϱӫժ͹ࣾཇʀୂொ‫ͳغ‬Ҳ஗͢ͱ͏Ζ͞ͳΝࣖͤɽՅ͓ͱɼຌઇͲͺɼ͑ͪ͢͞੕ࡨ͹੔ޯࣆྭͳͺพͶɼ΢άϨηӫժ੕ࡨ͗ΠωϟʖεϥϱࡠՊΏࢊ‫ۂ‬Ͷଲ͢ͱؔંద͵ࢩԋΝ‫ͪ͢·ٶ‬੕ࡨࣆ

2ྭΝ෵਼खΕ৏͝ɼࠕ‫ޛ‬͹‫ڂݜ‬՟ୌͳ͢ͱ఑ࣖͤΖɽ࠹‫ޛ‬Ͷ݃࿨෨Ͷ౲ͪΖ୊‫ޔ‬ઇͶ͕͏ͱ͞ΗΉͲ‫ͪ͘ͱݡ‬ΠωϟʖεϥϱӫժͶଲͤΖӫժ੕ࡨ͹ްՎͳ‫ݸ‬ֆͶͯ͏ͱགྷ༁ͤΖɽ
2. ΢άϨηͶ͕͜Ζӫժ੕ࡨ͹ྼ࢛ΠωϟʖεϥϱӫժΝ‫؜‬΋ଡ༹͵ӫժͶଲͤΖ΢άϨη੕ැ͹ޮదࢩԋͺଡ‫ز‬ͶΚͪͮͱ͕ΕɼҐԾͲͺͨ͹कགྷ͵ࣆྭͶͯ͏ͱ࣎‫ܧ‬྽ॳͶ֕ྲྀͤΖɽ͞ΗͶΓͮͱɼΠωϟʖεϥϱӫժࢩԋͳ͏͑൥ᙟ͹஦Ͷ΍ɼ੣ࡠʀഓ‫ڇ‬ʀ৏ӫͶ‫ؖ‬ΚΖଡ༹͵੕ࡨࢩԋʀ੕ࡨղ೘͹ώϨΦʖεϥ
ϱ͍͗Ζ͞ͳΝ໎ࣖͤΖɽ ӫժ‫ؖ‬࿊͹ٗढ़ࣙରͺҐ઴͖Δଚࡑ͢ͱ͏ͪ΍͹͹ɼ΢άϨηӫժࢊ‫ۂ‬ͺસࠅద͵‫׈ߨڷ‬ಊΝ֋࢟॑͢གྷ͵ชԿ‫׈‬ಊ‫ͱ͢ͳۂࢊ;ٶ‬೟எ͠ΗΖΓ͑Ͷ͵ͮͪ͹ͺ 20 ੊‫ن‬Ͷ೘ͮͱ͖Δ͹͞ͳͲ͍ͮͪɽӫժͶଲͤΖޮద‫ؖؽ‬Ν‫ࠒ͘ת‬Ξͫ࠹ॵ͹ղ೘ͺɼ΢άϨηӫժ‫ݗ‬Ԁ‫(ߑؽ‬British
Board of Film Censors)Ͳ͍ͮͪɽಋ‫ߑؽ‬ͺӫժࢊ‫͗ۂ‬સࠅదͶժҲద͵‫ݗ‬ԀΝࣙकదͶ಍೘ͤΖ
ͪΌͶઅཱིͪ͢΍͹Ͳ͍Εɼ‫ߑؽ‬Ͷ೜ໍ͠Ηͪಙ໌͹‫ݗ‬Ԁ‫͕ׯ‬Γ;डௗ͗ӫժ੣ࡠं͹ඇ༽ෝ୴͹‫ݫ‬Ͷ‫ݗ‬ԀΝߨ͏ɼ໲ୌͳ͵Ζන‫ݳ‬͹रਜ਼఑ҌΝߨͮͪ৏ͲɼҲൢޮ֋Ն೵΍͚͢ͺ੔ਕ͹ΊؓৈՆ೵ͳͤΖ඲ՃΝԾͪ͢ɽ͑ͪ͢͞‫ݗ‬Ԁ੏ౕ͹ഐ‫ͱ͢ͳܢ‬ஏ๏࣑ࣙରͶΓΖ‫ݺ‬พ͹‫ݗ‬Ԁ੏ౕ͹ଚࡑΝࢨఢͤΖචགྷ͍͗Ζɽ੕ැͺࠅ಼Ͳළ൅͢ͱ͏ܸͪ৖͹ՒࡄΝ໲ୌࢻ͢ɼ1909 ೧ӫժ๑Ν੏ఈ͢ɼ֦ஏ๏࣑ࣙରͶଲ͢ͱܸ৖͹‫و‬੏ͳ৏ӫ‫ڒ‬Նʀ෈೟Ն͹‫ݸݘ‬Ν༫͓ͪɽ౲ॵͺ९ਰͶܸ৖͹҈સ੓͹؏఼Ͷ‫ܸͱ͏Ͱخ‬৖‫و‬੏Νߨ͑͞ͳ͗‫ة‬ਦ͠Ηͱ͏ͪಋ๑ͺɼ௜ͬͶӫժ͹಼༲‫و‬੏Ͷ఺༽͠Ηɼ֦ஏ๏࣑ࣙର͗ಢࣙ͹൓இͲӫժ͹න‫;ٶݳ‬ಕಛదన઀͠ͶಁΊࠒΞͫ‫ݗ‬ԀΝߨ͵ͮͱ͏ͪɽͨ͹݃ՎɼસࠅదͶࡠ඾͹ഓ‫ͳڇ‬৏ӫΝ໪ࢨ͢ͱ͏ͪӫժ‫ߨڷ‬कͶͳͮͱͺ৏ӫՆ೵੓Ͷͯ͏ͱ༩଎ཱི͗ͬͶ͚͏য়‫͗ڱ‬ਫ਼ͣͱ͏ͪɽ͑ͪ͢͞໲ୌΝյඈͤΖͪΌɼӫժࢊ‫ۂ‬क಍Ͳ౹Ҳ͠Ηͪ‫ݗ‬ԀΝߨ͑ӫժ‫ݗ‬Ԁ‫ߑؽ‬͹અཱིͺ༙ӻͲ͍Ζͳཀྵմ͠Ηͪ͹
Ͳ͍Ζɽͨ͹‫ޛ‬ɼӫժ‫ݗ‬Ԁ‫ߑؽ‬ͺ੕ැ‫ؖؽ‬͹େනंΝӣӨ‫ؖؽ‬Ͷౌ༽͢ɼ಼ແ঴͕Γ;‫گ‬ү঴ͳ͹໘ື͵଩ͬ߻ΚͦΝߨ͑͞ͳͲޮద‫ͱ͢ͳؖؽ‬͹੓֪Ν‫ک‬ΌɼࠕೖͶ͕͏ͱ΍સӵӫժ౵‫ߑؽࠬ৻څ‬ʤBritish Board of Film Classificationʥͳ͢ͱ‫׈‬ಊΝ‫ܩ‬କ͢ͱ͏ΖɽBBFC ͹ྼ࢛ద॑གྷ੓ͳ͢ͱͺɼ΢άϨηӫժ੕ࡨ͹࠹ॵ͹ࣆྭ͗৾‫ڷ‬੕ࡨͲͺ͵͚‫و‬੏੕ࡨͳ͢ͱ࢟Ήͮͪ͞ͳɼ͠ΔͶ 20 ੊‫ॵن‬ಆ͹఼࣎Ͳͺӫժͺ΋͢Θ‫و‬੏͠ΗΖ΄͘න‫ͱ͢ͳݳ‬ชԿద͵ਜ਼౹੓Νཱི֮Ͳ͘ͱ͏͵఼͖ͮͪͶ͍Ζɽ͑ͪ͢͞য়‫ڱ‬ԾͲॵ‫غ‬͹Πωϟʖεϥϱͺ‫ݸ‬ΔΗͪࣁ‫׈ͳݱ‬ಊഖର͹͵͖Ͳන‫ݳ‬Νໝࡩ͢ͱ͏͚͞ͳͶ͵Ζɽ ΢άϨηͶ͕͜Ζ࠹ॵ͹ӫժ৾‫ڷ‬੕ࡨͺ 1927 ೧ӫժ๑Ͷ࢟ΉΖࣙࠅӫժ͹ׄΕ౲ͱʤέΧʖνʥ੏ౕͲ͍Ζɽ͞͹ӫժ๑ͺ΢άϨηࠅ಼Ͷ͕͏ͱΠϟϨΩࣁຌ͹ӫժΏք֐ࢊӫժ͹৏ӫ͗कླྀͳ͵Εɼ΢άϨηࠅ಼͹ӫժࢊ‫͗ۂ‬ॉ෾Ͷүͮͱ͏͵͏͞ͳΝ‫ݔ‬೨ͪ͢ঐແӅ(Board ofTradeɼೖຌͶ͕͜Ζ‫ۂࢊࡃܨ‬঴Ͷ૮౲)ͳӫժࢊ‫ۂ‬஄ର͹ಉ͖͘͜ͶΓͮͱ੏ఈ͠Ηͪ΍͹Ͳ͍Ζɽӫժ๑ͺɼࠅ಼͹ܸ৖Ͷଲ͢ͱ੕ැ͗ఈٝͤΖ΢άϨηӫժ͹ড়݇Νຮͪͤ΍͹ΝҲఈ

3ׄ߻৏ӫͤΖ͞ͳΝٝແ෉ͪ͜ɽӫժ๑͹՟ͤέΧʖνͺ͏ΚΑΖ΢άϨηӫժ͹਼ྖଁՅͶ߫‫͢ݛ‬ɼࠅ಼͹ӫժ‫ؖ‬࿊ࣁຌΝଁ୉ͦͪ͠ɽ΢άϨη͹Πωϟʖεϥϱӫժ΍͑ͪ͢͞έΧʖν੏ౕ͹Ժ‫ܛ‬ΝཌྷͤΖ͞ͳͺॉ෾‫غ‬ଶ͠Ηͪ͗ɼ݃࿨Ν઎खΕͤΖ͵ΔͻΠωϟʖεϥϱͺ͞͹ࢩԋ͹஦͖Δ࿛Ηཚͬɼ݃Վͳ͢ͱΠωϟʖεϥϱ΃͹੕ැࢩԋͺพ͹‫ؽ‬ճΝଶͯචགྷ͍͗
ͮͪɽ͞͹ཀྵ༟‫;ٶ‬ӫժ๑͹‫ݸ‬ֆͶͯ͏ͱͺ୊࢝ઇͶ͕͏ͱ‫ޛ‬फ़ͤΖɽ
 1927 ೧ӫժ๑ͳέΧʖν੏ౕ͗कླྀ͹ঐ‫ۂ‬ӫժͶଲͤΖࢩԋΝߨ͑๥Δɼพ͹઀Ε޳͖Δҡ
͵Ζζϡϱϩ͹ӫժΝࢩԋͤΖଡ࠾͵खΕૌΊ͗ 1930 ೧େ͖Δ֋࢟͠Ηͪɽͨ͹Ҳͯ͗ɼӵࠅӫժ‫ڢ‬ճ(British Film Institute)Ͳ͍Ζɽಋ‫ڢ‬ճͺ΢άϨηӫժ͹‫گ‬үదʀชԿదՃ஍Ͷ஥໪͢ɼࠅ຿ชԿ͕Γ;‫گ‬үघஊͳ͢ͱ͹ӫժΝ৾‫ͤڷ‬ΖͪΌͶ੕ැ͹ड़ࣁͶΓͮͱઅཱི͠Ηͪɽӫժ‫ڢ‬ճͺ͑ͪ͢͞ӫժ൅ఴͶ޴͜ͱɼࣙΔӫժΝ੣ࡠͤΖ͹Ͳͺ͵͚ɼӫժ͹‫༽׈‬͹ͪΌ͹΢ϱϓϧΏ৚ๅΝ఑‫ͤڛ‬Ζ͞ͳΝ࢘ໍͳ͢ͱ͏ͪɽ͞Ηͺӫժࢊ‫ޮ͗ۂ‬ద‫ؖؽ‬ͶΓΖ‫߻ڟ‬Ν‫͏ݑ‬ɼ‫͵ྙک‬ൕଲӣಊΝఴ֋ͪ͢͞ͳ͹݃ՎͲ͍Ζ͗ɼಋ࣎Ͷ੕ැ͹ༀׄΝ࠹ঘͶͳʹΌɼ຿ؔ‫ۂة‬Ώࢤ৖͹‫׈‬ಊΝ௪ͣͱཀྵ૟য়ସΝࣰ‫͢ݳ‬Γ͑ͳͤΖ౲࣎͹ࣙ༟कٝద੕ࡨΝൕӫͪ͢΍͹Ͳ΍͍Ζɽӵࠅӫժ‫ڢ‬ճͳΠωϟʖεϥϱӫժ͹‫ؖ‬࿊੓Ͷͯ͏ͱͺɼક‫ ޛ‬1940 ೧େ͹ࠠཛྷ‫غ‬͹஦Ͳӵࠅӫժ‫ڢ‬ճ͗ྭ֐దͶࣰࢬࣰͪ͢‫ݩ‬ӫժ੣ࡠࢩԋ(experimental film production fund)͗ΠωϟʖεϥϱͶ‫ͪ͢·ٶ‬Ӫ‫͠ٶݶ͗ڻ‬Ηͱͪ͘ɽ 1930 ೧େ͖Δ 1940 ೧େͶ͖͜ͱ͹ӫժࢩԋ͹୊್͹खΕૌΊͳ͢ͱɼ༥੕‫ۃ‬ӫժࢩԋϤωρ
φ(GPO Film Unit)͹‫׈‬ಊΝ‫͝ڏ‬Ζ͞ͳ͗Ͳ͘Ζɽ΢άϨηͶ͕͏ͱଠࠅͳർֳ͢ͱಝͶ൅ఴͪ͢ӫժζϡϱϩͳ͢ͱχΫϣϟϱνϨʖӫժΝ‫͝ڏ‬Ζ͞ͳ͗Ͳ͘ɼͨ͹େනंʀ઎ۨंͲ΍͍ͮͪζϥϱʀήϨΠλϱ͗क಍ͪ͢͹͗͞͹੕ැक಍͹χΫϣϟϱνϨʖӫժ੕ࡨͲ͍ͮͪɽ
‫ޛ‬फ़ͤΖΓ͑Ͷɼ΢άϨη͹Πωϟʖεϥϱӫժ͹୊Ҳ͹ԭۜ‫͠ͳغ‬ΗΖ͹͗ɼ༥੕‫ۃ‬ӫժϤωρφ͹ࢩԋͶ‫͚Ͱخ‬કؔ‫ غ‬1930 ೧େ͹ࣰ‫ݩ‬න‫ݳ‬͹ໝࡩͲ͍Εɼӫժ੕ࡨ͗ΠωϟʖεϥϱชԿ͹൅ఴͶ௜ંదͶ‫ر‬༫ͪ͢޹ྭͳ͏͓ΖɽҲ๏Ͳɼ͑ͪ͢͞ϠξωθϞන‫ݳ‬Ν֋୕ͪ͢༑ΗͪχΫϣϟϱνϨʖӫժͺঐ‫͜޴ۂ‬͹Ҳൢ‫ֺޚ‬ӫժͶർ΄Ζͳ‫و‬ໝ͗‫ݸ‬ΔΗͱ͕Εɼͨ͹஦ͲΠωϟʖεϥϱΝ੟ΕࠒΞͫ΍͹ͺ͠ΔͶঙ਼ഁͲ͍ͮͪ͞ͳͺࢨఢ͢ͱ͕͚චགྷ͍͗Ζɽ୊ࢀઇͲ֮೟ͤΖΓ͑Ͷકؔ‫غ‬͹͞͹࣎‫غ‬Ͷͺ‫ع‬ͶύϨΤρχΝ஦ৼͳͪ͢ΠϟϨΩӫժͶΓΖ΢άϨηӫժ‫ߨڷ‬͹ࢩഓదஏҒͺҲ૜‫͵ݽک‬΍͹ͳ͵ͮͱ͕ΕɼΠωϟʖεϥϱͶ͕͏ͱ΍ΠϟϨΩ͹΍͹͗ӵࠅͲ࠹΍ਕ‫ـ‬Νദ͢ͱ͏ͪɽ
 1910 ೧େ͖Δ 1930 ೧େͶ͖͜ͱ͹͞ΗΔ͹ӫժ੕ࡨͶ௪ఊͤΖ੕ࡨཀྵ೨ͳ͢ͱɼΠϟϨΩ߻़ࠅ͹ӫժชԿͶଲͤΖଲ߇қࣟͺ஦ৼద͖ͯ‫ۅ‬Όͱ॑གྷ͵ༀׄΝՎͪͪ͢ɽӫժ‫ݗ‬ԀͶ͕͏ͱ΍ඉಕಛద͵න‫ݳ‬ͺଡ͚͹৖߻ΠϟϨΩ͹ଦཚͪ͢ชԿͶًҾͤΖͳஇͣΔΗɼ1927 ೧ӫժ๑ͳӫժέΧʖνͶͯ͏ͱ΍ࣙࠅ͹ӫժΝҲఈׄ߻৏ӫͤΖٝແ෉͜ͶΓͮͱͨΗҐ઴Ͷࢩഓద͵ཱི৖Ͷ͍ͮͪΠϟϨΩӫժͶଲ߇ͤΖ͞ͳ͗࠹༑઎͹੕ࡨ໪ඬͲ͍ͮͪɽӵࠅӫժ‫ڢ‬ճΏ༥੕‫ۃ‬ӫժࢩԋϤωρφͶͯ͏ͱ΍ɼ‫گ‬үదʀชԿదՃ஍͹͍Ζӫժ͹෕‫ٶ‬ΝࢩԋͤΖ͞ͳͲ

4΢άϨηఉࠅ͹ਫ਼‫ͳ༹ࣞ׈‬๮Ή͢͏ชԿනেΝΠϟϨΩͶଲ͢ͱ‫͢ఽݎ‬ɼࣙΔ͹ชԿద༑Ғ੓Ν‫ͤࣖގ‬Ζ͞ͳ͗໪ద͹ҲͯͲ͍ͮͪɽ ક‫ޛ‬΢άϨηͶ͕͏ͱ΍ӫժͺғષ॑གྷ͵ϟυΡΠชԿͲ͍ΕɼಝͶ 1950 ೧େͶͺક‫ޛ‬͹ӫժชԿΝ‫ܙ‬੔ͤΖଡ༹͵੕ࡨࣰ͗ࢬ͠ΗͪɽಝͶɼ΢ʖυΡʖ੭(Eady Levy)ͺ͹ͬ͹ӫժࢩԋͶ݀ఈద͵ༀׄΝՎͪͪ͢ɽ͞Ηͺࠅ಼Ͳ৏ӫ͠ΗΖӫժ͹‫ߨڷ‬फӻͶଲ͢ͱҲఈ͹՟੭Νߨ͏ɼ͖ͨ͞ΔಚΔΗͪफӻͺࠅཱིӫժޮऀ͵ʹ͹஄ରΝ௪ͣͱ΢άϨηӫժ͹੣ࡠͶଲ͢ͱ౦ࣁ͠ΗͪɽՅ͓ͱɼ΢ʖυΡʖ੭͹फӻ͹Ҳ෨ͺࣉಒӫժ‫ۜخ‬͹ࢩԋͶ΍༽͏ΔΗɼ͞Η͗΢άϨη͹ΠωϟʖεϥϱชԿ͹൅ఴͶ͕͏ͱಝͶ॑གྷ͵ༀׄΝՎͪͪ͢ɽ ࣉಒӫժ‫ۜخ‬(Children’s Film Foundation)ͺɼ1951 ೧Ͷઅཱི͠Ηͪޮ‫ڠ‬๑ਕͲ͍Εɼͨ͹໌͹௪Εࣉಒ޴͜͹ӫժ͹੣ࡠࢩԋΝߨ͏ɼࠅ಼Ͳ͹৿ͪ͵ӫժන‫ݳ‬͹֋୕Ͷ߫‫ͪ͘ͱ͢ݛ‬ɽಋ‫ۜخ‬͹ࢩԋΝणͪ͜ࣉಒ޴͜ӫժͺɼ1953 ೧ͶϲΥϋςΡΠࠅࡏࣉಒӫժࡉͲ࠹༑ऴৈΝणৈͤΖ͵ʹɼ‫ߨڷ‬దͶ΍൹඲దͶ΍߶͏੔ՎΝ৏ͪ͝ɽ͑ͪ͢͞੔ՎͶՅ͓ͱ॑གྷ͵͹ͺɼࣉಒ޴͜ӫժ‫ߨ͗ۜخ‬͵ͮͪ؏‫ٮ‬௒ࠬࣆ‫͍Ͳۂ‬Ζɽક઴ΉͲ͹ࣉಒ޴͜ӫժͶͯ͏ͱͺʰࢢ‫ͬͪڛ‬ͺ͞͹Γ͑͵ӫժΝؓৈͤΖ΄͘Ͳ͍Ζʱͳ͏͑‫و‬൥࿨Ͷ‫ͱ͏Ͱخ‬ӫժ੣ࡠΝߨ͵ͮͱͪ͘ɽ͞ΗͶଲ͢ͱࣉಒ
޴͜ӫժ‫ۜخ‬ͺɼ‫ݳ‬৖͹‫ࢥگ‬Ώܸ৖͹‫ߨڷ‬क͹‫ྙڢ‬Νಚ͵͗ΔɼࣰࡏͶࣉಒ͗ӫժͶଲ͢ͱʹ͹Γ͑͵ൕԢΝࣖ͢ɼʹ͹Γ͑͵ζϡϱϩΏන‫ʹ͗ݳ‬͹Γ͑͵೧ྺ૜ʀ੓พ͹ࢢ‫ͬͪڛ‬Ͷ‫ͻج‬ΗΖ͹͖ɼͳ͏͑ϜʖίτΡϱήద͵໲ୌқࣟΝखΕ೘Ηͪ௒ࠬࣆ‫ۂ‬Νߨ͵ͮͪɽ۫ରదͶͺɼࣉಒ΃͹ซ͘खΕ௒ࠬΏɼҋࢻٗढ़ͶΓΖ৏ӫ஦͹؏‫ٮ‬͹ൕԢ͹࿧ժɼΠϱίʖφ௒ࠬ͹જ࿇͵ʹ͹৿ͪ͵घ๑ΝखΕ೘Ηͪࣉಒ௒ࠬΝਬ͢਒Όͱͪ͘ɽ ͞͹Γ͑Ͷɼક‫ޛ‬΢άϨη͹ӫժ੕ࡨͺෳࢳࠅՊԿͶΓΖ੕ැࢩड़͹֨୉ͳ΍߻஗ͤΖ‫Ͳܙ‬ɼӫժ΃͹ࢩԋ࿰ૌΊΝ֨୉͢ͱ͏ͮͪɽ͖͢͢͵͗Δɼ͞ΗΔ͹ӫժ੕ࡨͺ 1980 ೧େ͹γροϡʖ੕‫ݘ‬ͶΓΖ৿ࣙ༟कٝద͵੕ࡨͶΓͮͱ୉෱Ͷक़ঘ͠Ηɼ΢ʖυΡʖ੭Ώࣉಒ޴͜ӫժ‫خ‬ۜ͵ʹͺಋ੕‫ݘ‬ͶΓͮͱҲ࣎దͶభഉ͠ΗΖ͞ͳͶ͵ͮͪɽͨΗͲͺɼΠωϟʖεϥϱӫժ΍ಋ༹Ͷ 1980 ೧େͶࣾཇ‫غ‬Ν͓͖ܶͪͳ͏͑ͳͨ͑Ͳͺ͵͏ɽ΋͢Θɼಋ࣎‫غ‬Ͷઅ஖͠Ηͪ BBC
Channel4 Ν෥ୈͳ͢ͱɼτϪϑ๎ૻ༽͹Πωϟʖεϥϱӫժ͹੣ࡠͺ΋͢Θ‫ڱ׈‬Ν͓ܶɼ͞͹࣎‫غ‬ͺ΢άϨηΠωϟʖεϥϱӫժ͹୊್͹ԭۜ‫ͳغ‬඲͠ΗΖΉͲͶ͵ͮͪɽ৿ࣙ༟कٝ੕‫ݘ‬
Ͷ͕͜ΖΠωϟʖεϥϱӫժͳ BBC Channel4 ͹΍ͪΔͪ߫͢‫ݛ‬Ͷͯ͏ͱͺ୊ࢀઇ͹Πωϟʖεϥϱ࢛͹஦Ͳ‫ޛ‬फ़ͤΖɽ
3. ΢άϨηΠωϟʖεϥϱӫժ࢛֕ઈຌઇͲͺɼ΢άϨηͶ͕͜ΖΠωϟʖεϥϱӫժ͹ྼ࢛Ν֕؏ͤΖɽಝͶɼ઎ߨ‫͕ڂݜ‬Γ;ޮชॽ͹஦Ͳ΢άϨηΠωϟʖεϥϱ͹ྼ࢛͗͏͖Ͷ඲Ճ͠Ηɼͨ͹੟ਲΝ͏͖Ͷ඲͠Ηͱ͖ͪ͘Ͷ஥໪ͤΖɽͨ΍ͨ΍͹઴఑ͳ͢ͱɼ΢άϨηӫժ࢛͹͵͖ͲΠωϟʖεϥϱͶ༫͓ΔΗͪ඲ՃΏ‫ৼؖ‬ͺ෈౲Ͷঘ͠͏΍͹Ͳ͍ͮͪɽ΢άϨηͶ͕͜ΖΠωϟʖεϥϱӫժ͗ດງ͗ͬ͢

5͵ଚࡑͲ͍ͮͪ͞ͳΝࣖͤৄ‫ͱ͢ͳڎ‬ɼकགྷસࠅࢶͶ͕͜Ζ‫ٶݶ‬Ν‫͝ڏ‬Ζ͞ͳ͗Ͳ͘Ζɽ΢άϨηΝେනͤΖસࠅࢶͲ͍Ζ The Times ͳ The Guardian Ͷ͕͏ͱ΢άϨηʀΠωϟʖεϥϱ
(British Animation)ͳ͏͑ୱ‫ॵ͗ޢ‬ΌͱखΕ৏ͪ͝Ηͪ͹ͺ 1979 ೧ͳ 1980 ೧Ͷ͵ͮͱ͹͞ͳͲ
͍Ζɽ͖͢΍ɼͨΗΔॵड़͹‫ࣆى‬ͺΠωϟʖεϥϱࡠ඾ͨ͹΍͹͹൹඲Ώ‫Ͳٶݶ‬ͺ͵͚ɼ΢άϨηӫժ͹ࢊ‫ۂ‬஄ରͲ͍Ζ The Association of Specialized Film Producers ͗΢άϨηΠωϟʖεϥϱ෨໵Ν૓અͪ͢͞ͳͶ‫ͤؖ‬ΖๅಕͲ͍ͮͪɽ͖͞͞Δ΍΢άϨηΠωϟʖεϥϱͶͯ͏ͱྼ࢛దͶ΍ऀճద͵‫͗ৼؖ‬චͥ͢΍߶͚͵͖ͮͪ͞ͳ͗‫ͱݡ‬खΗΖɽ ͑ͪ͢͞੊ؔద͵‫ͳৼؖ‬ಋ༹ɼָढ़‫ڂݜ‬Ͷ͕͏ͱ΍΢άϨηΠωϟʖεϥϱͶଲͤΖ‫ٶݶ‬ͺۛ೧ΉͲ‫ݸ‬ఈదͲ͍ͮͪɽ͞Ηͺ΢άϨη͹ӫժΝ໤དదͶ࿨ͣͪ‫ॽڂݜ‬͹݀ఈ൝ͳ΍‫͓ݶ‬Ζ
British Cinema Book Ώ Routledge Companion of British Cinema History ͳ͏ͮͪ୉ஸ͹஦ͲΠωϟʖεϥϱͶ‫ͪ͢ٶݶ‬࿨ߡ͗ևໃͲ͍Ζ͞ͳ͖Δ΍֮೟Ͳ͘Ζɽӫժ‫͗ंڂݜ‬ΠωϟʖεϥϱӫժͶ޴ͪ͜‫ৼؖ‬͹ఁ͠Ͷଲ͢ͱɼΠωϟʖεϥϱӫժͶଲͤΖ֕ઈΝ఑‫ͪ͘ͱ͢ڛ‬͹ͺ઴ઇͲ΍खΕ৏ͪ͝ӵࠅӫժ‫ڢ‬ճ͵ʹ͹ޮద‫͍ͪͮͲؖؽ‬ɽಝͶӵࠅӫժ‫ڢ‬ճͺࣙਐ͹ΤΥϔγ΢φͲ΍΢άϨηΠωϟʖεϥϱӫժΝखΕ৏ͪ͝ಝॄ‫ࣆى‬Ώӫ଀ΠʖΩ΢ϔ͹஦ͲΠωϟʖεϥϱͶಝԿͪ͢໪࿧Νࡠ੔ͤΖ͵ʹɼࣙࠅΠωϟʖεϥϱӫժ͹‫ى‬࿧ͳઑఽ‫׈‬ಊΝॵ‫͖غ‬Δߨ͵ͮͱͪ͘ɽͨ͹қັͲɼ͑ͪ͢͞Πωϟʖεϥϱӫժ͹‫ى‬࿧ࣙର͗ӫժ੕ࡨ͹੔Վͳ͏͑͞ͳ͗
Ͳ͘Ζɽࣁྋ̏ͺӵࠅӫժ‫ڢ‬ճ͗‫ࡑݳ‬΢άϨηΠωϟʖεϥϱ͹ઑఽ͹ͪΌͶҲൢໃྋޮ֋͢
ͱ͏Ζ΢άϨηΠωϟʖεϥϱ͹ҲལͲ͍Ζɽࣁྋ̏ʁӵࠅӫժ‫ڢ‬ճ͹Ψϱϧ΢ϱޮ֋Ωνϫήx Tropical Breezes (1930)
x David Low Animation (1936)
x Music Man (1938)x The Mail Goes Through (1947)
x Boogie Rag Roll: Thunderclap Jones (1955)
x Midsummer Nightmare (1957)
x The Christmas Visitor (1958)
x I Wanna Mink (1959)
x Polygamous Polonius (1960)
x Mildred (1960)
x Plain Man’s Guide to Advertisingx Bunty the Bouncing Bassoon (1963)
x Dodo in Christmas Adventure (1965)
x Little Tom Thumb (1967)
x The Professor (1967)
x Tow off the Cuff (1968)
x To Our Children’s Children’s Children (1969)x Topology (1969)x A Short Tall Story (1970)
x Pear-shaped Hill (1970)
x Henry )7til 5 (1970)

6

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Animation Has Changed (1971)
Vote for Froglet (1974)
Lautrec (1974)
Custard (1974)
The Family Holiday (1975)
Superted (1975)
The Mathematician (1976)
Max Beeza and the City in the Sky (1977)
Dear Margery Boobs (1977)
Ersatz (1978)
Dream Doll (1979)
Players (1982)
The Aeronauts (1984)
Children of Wax (1988)
Next (1989)
Honestly It’s the Story of My Life (1990)
The United Kingdom (1994)
Johann Sebastian Bach In Euro Deutschland (1995)
The Dirt Inside (1998)
Dreamlands (2012) ͑ͪ͢͞ӵࠅӫժ‫ڢ‬ճ͹‫׈‬ಊΝण͜ͱɼۛ೧ಝͶ 2010 ೧େҐ߳Ͷͺॊཔ஥໪͠Ηͱ͞͵͖ͮͪ΢άϨηΠωϟʖεϥϱ͹ྼ࢛Ν۹Εًͤ͞ժ‫غ‬ద͵ࢾΊ͗͏͚͖ͯΊΔΗͪɽͨ͹େනྭ͗ Malcolm Cook ͹ Early British Animation: From Page and State to Cinema Screens ͕Γ; Jez Stewart
ͶΓΖ The Story of British Animation Ͳ͍Ζɽ઴ंͺ͞ΗΉͲ‫ٶ͗ڂݜ‬ΞͲ͏͵͖ͮͪ 20 ੊‫ॵن‬ಆ͹ӫժᴊ໎‫غ‬Ͷ͕͜Ζ΢άϨηΠωϟʖεϥϱͶ঱఼Ν౲ͱɼ‫ंޛ‬ͺΓΕใ‫ׇ‬ద͵Πωϟʖεϥϱӫժ͹௪࢛Ν఑‫͏ͱ͢ڛ‬ΖɽҐԾͲͺɼ͞ΗΔ͹઎ߨ‫ڂݜ‬Ͷ͕͏ͱ΢άϨηΠωϟʖεϥϱ͹ྼ࢛͗ʹ͹Γ͑Ͷ‫ى‬फ़͠Ηͱ͖ͪ͘Ν‫ݗ‬౾ͤΖɽ 20 ੊‫ॵن‬ಆ͖Δ 1920 ೧େͶ͖͜ͱ͹΢άϨηΠωϟʖεϥϱͺҲൢదͶʰࣰ‫ݩ‬͹࣎େʱͳ඲
͠ΗΖɽ͞͹࣎‫غ‬ͺࠕೖ͹Πωϟʖεϥϱӫժͳ͢ͱ૟ً͠ΗΖΓ͑͵ࣉಒ޴͜͹ζϡϱϩͲͺ͵͚ɼܵढ़ՊͶΓΖ৿ͪ͵න‫ͱ͢ͳ༹ࣞݳ‬ӫժܵढ़͹஦ͶૌΊࠒΉΗΖ‫Ͳܙ‬͹Πωϟʖεϥϱන‫͗ݳ‬ໝࡩ͠Ηͪɽ͖͢͢͵͗Δɼ͞͹࣎‫غ‬͹ΠωϟʖεϥϱӫժͶͯ͏ͱͺͳΕΚ͜୊Ҳ࣏੊ֆ୉કͶΓΖরࣨ͹Ӫ‫ڻ‬ͶΓͮͱॉ෾͵ࣁྋ͗࢔ͮͱ͕Δͥɼ΢άϨηΠωϟʖεϥϱӫժͺζϡϱϩ͕Γ;ࢤ৖ͳ͢ͱॉ෾͵੔ज़͗ਲ਼͝ͱ͏ͪ͞ͳͺ֮೟Ͳ͘͵͏ɽۛ೧Ͳͺɼ͑ͪ͢͞ॵ‫ݩࣰغ‬ΠωϟΝ۹Εًͤ͞‫׈‬ಊ͗ߨΚΗͱ͕Εɼͨ͹Ҳ‫ͱ͢ͳ؂‬ɼӵࠅӫժ‫ڢ‬ճ͗ޮ֋ͪ͢ॵ‫غ‬ΠωϟʖεϥϱΩνϫή͗‫͠ߨק‬Ηͪɽࣁྋ̐ͺ͞ΗΔ͹ॵ‫غ‬Πωϟʖεϥϱ͹໪࿧
Ͳ͍Ζɽ͞ΗΔ͹ӫ଀ࡠ඾ͺϫϱχϱʀγΤηώϱέͶҒ஖ͤΖӵࠅӫժ‫ڢ‬ճ͹ࣁྋ‫ؙ‬Ͷͱؓ
ৈͤΖ͞ͳ͗Ն೵Ͳ͍Ζɽ͞ΗΔ͹ࡠ඾‫܊‬ΝҲ‫ͱ͢ݡ‬Κ͖Ζ͞ͳͳ͢ͱɼʹΗ΍̏̎෾າຮ͹ࣰ‫ݩ‬ద͵ࡠ඾Ͳ͍Εɼන‫ࣞܙݳ‬Ͷͯ͏ͱ΍ࣰࣺӫժ΃͹Πωϟʖεϥϱ͹౦ࣻ͵ʹଡ༹͵ࢾΊ͗͵͠Ηͱ͏Ζɽ

7ࣁྋ̐ʁӵࠅӫժ‫ڢ‬ճ‫ߨק‬͹ॵ‫غ‬Πωϟʖεϥϱ(early animation)Ωνϫή
x The Latest News (1904)
x Dreams of Toyland (1908)
x To Demonstrate How Spiders Fly (1909)
x Animated Cotton (1909)
x Animated Putty (1911)
x Wooden Athletes (1912)
x Sea Dreams (1914)
x Sleepless (1914)
x Bully Boy (1914)
x Matches Appeal (1914)
x General French’s Contemptible Little Army (1914)
x Fight for Dardanelles (1915)
x John Bull’s Sketchbook (1915)
x E13 Avenged (1915)
x Studdy’s War Cartoons (1915)
x A Pencil and Alick P.F. Ritchie (1915)
x Dicky Dee’s Cartoons No.3 (1915)
x His Birthday Present (1915)
x Joh Bull’s Animated Sketchbook No.4 (1915)
x Agitated Adverts (1917)
x Peter’s Picture Poems (1917)
x Ever Been Had (1917)
x Oh’phelia A Cartoon Burlesque (1919)
x Othello (1920) ͍͚ΉͲࣰ‫ݩ‬ద͵න‫༹ࣞݳ‬͹Ҳͯͳ͢ͱଌ͓ΔΗͱͪ͘΢άϨηΠωϟʖεϥϱͺɼ୊Ҳ࣏੊ֆ୉કशક‫ޛ‬ɼ್ͯ͹๏޴੓ͲรԿΝਲ਼͝Ζ͞ͳͶ͵ΖɽҲ๏ͲɼΠωϟʖεϥϱӫժͶଲͤΖޮదࢩԋ͗઎फ़ͪ͢༥੕‫ۃ‬ӫժϤωρφΝ௪ͣͱ఑‫͠ڛ‬ΗɼColor Box (1935), Rainbow
Dance (1936), Trade Tattoo (1937)͵ʹܵढ़੓Νજ࿇ͦ͠ɼϠξωθϞΏϨΠϨθϞͳ͏ͮͪଠ͹ܵढ़ζϡϱϩͶ͕͜Ζொླྀͳ݃;ͯ͏ͪಢ૓ద͵Πωϟʖεϥϱන‫͠୕֋͗ݳ‬Ηͱ͏ͮͪɽ͞
ࣰ͑ͪ͢‫ݩ‬దΠωϟʖεϥϱӫժ͹જ࿇Α͓Ͷ 1930−40 ೧େͺ΢άϨηΠωϟʖεϥϱ͹୊Ҳ͹ԭۜ‫ͳغ‬඲͠ΗΖɽͨ͹Ҳ๏ͲɼΠωϟʖεϥϱͺӵ‫ Ͳޢ‬cartoon ͹‫Ͳޢ‬Ҳൢঐ‫ۂ‬ӫժ͹ζϡϱϩͳ͢ͱ෕‫࢟͢ٶ‬Όͱ͏ͪɽͪͫ͢ɼજ࿇͠Ηͪܵढ़ͳ͢ͱ͹Πωϟʖεϥϱͳͺҡ͵ΕɼҲൢ‫ͱ͢ͳֺޚ‬͹ΠωϟʖεϥϱͺύϨΤρχӫժͶΓͮͱ॑གྷ͵ஏҒΝઐΌΔΗͱ͏ͪ͞ͳͶͺ஭қ͗චགྷͲ͍ΖɽϓΥϨρέηʀδʀΫϡρφΏϝρΫʖʀϜΤηͺ͞͹࣎‫غ‬Ͷͺ‫ع‬Ͷ΢άϨηࠅ಼ͲΠωϟʖεϥϱΝে௅ͤΖชԿద͵Π΢αϱͳ͢ͱ೟எ͠Ηͱ͏ͪɽ͞͹͞ͳΝ୼దͶࣖͤࣆྭͳ͢ͱɼ౲࣎΢άϨηࠅ಼Ͳकགྷ͵ӫժ৏ӫγʖΫρφΝ‫ܙ‬੔ͪ͢ΨυΨϱήϩʖϕͺࣉಒ޴͜͹ӫժΝຘुౖ༷ೖ͹༨๏Ͷ৏ӫͤΖಝพϕϫήϧϞΝઅఈ͢ɼͨΗΝʰϝρΫʖϜΤηέϧϔʱͳ໌෉͜ͱ͏ͪ͞ͳ֮͗೟͠Ηͪɽ ͞͹࣎‫غ‬͹΢άϨη͹ঐ‫ۂ‬ΠωϟʖεϥϱͶ͕͏ͱΠϟϨΩ͹Ӫ‫͗͞͞ڻ‬ΉͲ୉͚͘͵ͮͪഐ‫ͱ͢ͳܢ‬ҐԾ͹ 2 ఼ΝࢨఢͲ͘Ζɽ୊ҲͶɼΠωϟʖεϥϱӫժͶ‫ݸ‬Δͥ౲࣎͹΢άϨηࠅ8಼Ͳ͹ӫժ੣ࡠસൢͶ‫ͱؖ͢‬ɼ΢άϨηࠅ಼͹੣ࡠ‫ۂة‬ͺࣙ෾ͪͬͲॉ෾͵ࣁຌΝ༽қͤΖ͞ͳ͗Ͳͥ͘ɼӫժ͹‫ڇڛ‬ΝΠϟϨΩͶ୉͚͘ғଚ͢ͱ͏ͪɽ͑ͪ͢͞ࣁຌཚࠫͺ୊Ҳ࣏੊ֆ୉કΝ௪ͣͱΓΕҲ૜‫ݨ‬ஸ͵΍͹ͳ͵ͮͱ͏ͪɽ୊್ͶɼΓΕ௜ંద͵໲ୌͳ͢ͱɼ͞͹࣎‫غ‬͹ӫժֆͲͺφʖΫʖӫժ͗৿ͪͶౌ৖͢ɼ‫ޢݶ‬ద͵ࠫҡ͗ΓΕ॑གྷ͵΍͹ͳ͵ͮͱͪ͘ɽͨΗͶΓͮͱ୉཰ঀࠅͲͺࣙࠅӫժ͗Ҳ૜൅ఴ͢ͱ͏͚͹ͫ͗ɼӵࠅ͹৖߻ͺ΋͢ΘύϨΤρχͶ
ଲͤΖಢࣙ੓Ν଩ͬड़ͤ͞ͳ͗ΓΕࠖೋͶ͵Εɼ΢άϨηࠅ಼ࢤ৖͹͕͜ΖΠϟϨΩӫժ͹৵ௗ͗Ҳ૜਒΋͞ͳͳ͵ͮͪɽ͞͹Γ͑͵ഐ‫ܢ‬Νण͜ͱ઴ઇͲ‫ ͪ͢ٶݶ‬1927 ೧ӫժ๑͗੏ఈ͠Η΢άϨηಢࣙ͹ӫժࢊ‫ۂ‬͹৾‫͗ڷ‬ໝࡩ͠ΗΖ͞ͳͳ͵ͮͪɽ͖͢͢͵͗ΔɼΠωϟʖεϥϱӫժͺ͑ͪ͢͞ࢩԋ࿰ૌΊ͹Ժ‫ܛ‬Νण͜Ζ͞ͳ͗Ͳ͘͵͖ͮͪɽ͞͹ཀྵ༟Ͷͯ͏ͱͺ࣏ઇͶͱ࿨ͣΖɽ ୊್࣏੊ֆ୉કश྅ΉͲɼ੕ැࢩԋͶ‫͚Ͱخ‬Πωϟʖεϥϱܵढ़͹ໝࡩͳঐ‫ۂ‬Πωϟʖεϥ
ϱͶ͕͜ΖΠϟϨΩࢩഓͳ͏͑ொླྀͺ‫ܩ‬କ͢ͱ͏ͪ͗ɼક‫ޛ‬Ͷͺ͏͚͖ͯ͹॑གྷ͵఺‫఼׷‬Νܶ
͓Ζɽͨ͹Ҳͯ͗τϪϑ๎ૻ͹෕‫͍Ͳٶ‬Ζɽ͞ΗͶΓͮͱ΢άϨηࠅ಼͹Πωϟʖεϥϱ੣ࡠंͺ৿ͪ͵൤ജ‫ܨ‬࿑Ν֭ಚͤΖ͞ͳ͗Ͳ͘ɼ݃Վͳ͢ͱΠωϟʖεϥϱΝࣙࠅ಼͹έϨΦ΢ν
ʖΝ௪ͣͱ੣ࡠͤΖ͞ͳ͗Ն೵ͳ͵ͮͪɽ୊್ͶɼΓΕ॑གྷ͵੔Վͳ͢ͱɼࠅӨ๎ૻ಼Ͳ৏ӫ
ͤΖͪΌ͹Πωϟʖεϥϱ͹੣ࡠΝғབ͢ɼޮదࣁۜΝ௪ͣͪ౦ࣁΝߨͮͪ BBC Channel̒ͺ΢άϨη͹Πωϟʖεϥϱӫժ͹൅ఴͶ୉͚͘‫ر‬༫ͪ͢ɽBBC Channel4 Ν௪ͣͱࢩԋΝणͪ͜΢άϨηΠωϟʖεϥϱӫժͺଡ‫ز‬ͶΚͪͮͱ͕ΕɼࠕೖชԿదΠ΢αϱͳ͢ͱ߁͚೟ΌΔΗ
ͱ͏Ζ The Snowman (1982)ΏΠʖχϜϱ͹Πωϟʖεϥϱӫժ΍ɼBBC Channel4 ͹ࢩԋ͹ࢊ෼
Ͳ͍Ζɽಋ࣎Ͷಋ‫ؖؽ‬ͺ͞ΗΔࣉಒ޴͜͹Πωϟʖεϥϱӫժͫ͜Ͳ͵͚ɼFeet of Song (1985)͵ʹɼ༥੕‫ۃ‬χΫϣϟϱνϨʖӫժ͹‫ܧ‬ොΝण͜‫ݩࣰ͛ܩ‬దʀபেద͵න‫ݳ‬Νߨ͵ͮͪΠωϟʖεϥϱӫժͶଲͤΖࢩԋ΍ߨ͵ͮͱ͏ͪɽ͑ͪ͢͞ BBC Channel4 ͹ࢩԋͳτϪϑ৏ӫΝ઴఑ͳͪ͢৿ͪ͵ࢤ৖֋୕ͶΓΖΠωϟʖεϥϱӫժ͹ଡ༹Կ‫ބ‬Ͷɼ1980 ೧େ͖Δ 1990 ೧େͶ͖͜ͱͺ΢άϨηΠωϟʖεϥϱӫժ͹୊್͹ԭۜ‫ͳغ‬඲͠Ηͱ͏Ζɽ࣏ઇͲͺ͑ͪ͢͞ 1940 ೧େΝ୊Ҳ͹ԭۜ‫غ‬ɼ1990 ೧େΝ୊್͹ԭۜ‫ͤͳغ‬ΖΠωϟʖεϥϱ͹ྼ࢛‫ى‬फ़ͶΓͮͱɼͨ͹ؔͶࣰࢬ͠Ηͪӫժ੕ࡨͶΓΖΠωϟʖεϥϱࢩԋɼಝͶӵࠅӫժ‫ڢ‬ճͳࣉಒӫժ‫ۜخ‬͹߫‫͗ݛ‬‫ݡ‬ཚͳ͠Ηͱ͏Ζ఼Ν࿨ͣΖɽ 1990 ೧େҐ߳ɼ‫ݳ‬େͶࢺΖΉͲ͹΢άϨηΠωϟʖεϥϱӫժͶͯ͏ͱͺɼChannel4 ͶΓΖΠωϟʖεϥϱӫժ΃͹ࢩԋ͗౏ઊͪ͢͞ͳ΍͍Εɼ͞ΗΉͲ͹Γ͑͵΢άϨηಢࣙ͹ΠωϟʖεϥϱӫժΝ֋୕ͤΖΓ͑͵ಊ͘ͺਫ਼ͣͱ͏͵͏ɽ΋͢Θɼ৿࿓ಉౚ੕‫͗ݘ‬ਬ͢਒ΌͪέϨΦ΢τΡϔࢊ‫ۂ‬੕ࡨͺΠωϟʖεϥϱӫժΝ‫؜‬΋΢άϨηӫժસൢΝชԿదනেͲͺ͵͚‫ࡃܨ‬దঐ඾ͳ͢ͱՃ஍Ͱ͜ɼࠅࡏద͵‫ڠ‬ಋ੣ࡠΏࠅ֐ࣁຌ͹ླྀ೘Νওྯͪ͢ɽͨ͹݃Վͳ͢ͱɼΠʖχϜϱ͵ʹࠕೖ͹΢άϨηӫժ͹εϱϚϩͳ͠ΗΖӫժͺ९ਰ͵΢άϨηӫժͳ͏͑ΓΕࠅࡏࣁຌͶΓΖ‫ڠ‬ಋड़ࣁͶΓͮͱ੣ࡠ͠Ηͱ͕ΕɼΠωϟʖνʖΏ؄ಞɼන‫಼ݳ‬༲Ͷͯ͏ͱ΍΢άϨη͹ಢࣙ੓ΝໝࡩͤΖಊ͘ͺ‫ݸ‬ΔΗͱ͏Ζɽ

9 Ґ৏‫ͪ͘ͱݡ‬Γ͑Ͷɼ΢άϨηͶ͕͜ΖΠωϟʖεϥϱӫժ͹ྼ࢛ͺɼԭۜ‫ͳغ‬ਲୂ‫غ‬͹ഀͳ͢ͱ‫ى‬फ़͠ΗΖ͞ͳ͗ଡ͚ɼ͏ΚΑΖԭۜ‫غ‬͹ഐ‫ܢ‬Ͷͺ੕ැࢩԋ͹Ӫ‫ۅ͗ڻ‬Όͱ୉͖ͮͪ͘
͞ͳ͗‫ͱݡ‬खΗΖɽՅ͓ͱɼ΢άϨηΠωϟʖεϥϱӫժ͹ఽ౹ͳ͢ͱɼঐ‫ܵݩࣰͳֺޚۂ‬ढ़͹್ͯ͹ொླྀ͍͗ΕɼಝͶ઴ंͲࢩഓద͵Ӫ‫ྙڻ‬Ν༙͢ͱ͏ͪΠϟϨΩࣁຌʀύϨΤρχӫժ͖Δ͹ѻྙͶଲॴͤΖ͞ͳͺҲؑ͢ͱ॑གྷ͵՟ୌͲ͍ͮͪɽຌๅࠄॽ͹࠹शઇͲͺɼӫժ੕ࡨͳΠωϟʖεϥϱӫժ͹ྼ࢛ΝಁΉ͓ͪ৏ͲɼΠωϟʖεϥϱӫժͶଲͤΖޮదࢩԋ͹੔൳ͳͨ͹གྷҾͶͯ͏ͱ෾ੵΝߨ͑ɽ
4. ӫժࢩԋ੕ࡨ͹΢άϨηΠωϟʖεϥϱӫժ΃͹Ӫ‫ڻ‬͞ΗΉͲ‫ͪ͘ͱݡ‬Γ͑Ͷɼ΢άϨηͶͺӫժ৾‫ڷ‬͹ͪΌ͹ଡ༹͵੕ࡨ͹खΕૌΊ͍͗Εɼ͞
BBC Channel 4 Ώ༥੕‫ۃ‬ӫժϤωρφ͵ʹ͗໎֮͵੔ޯྭͳ͢ͱࠅ಼͹ΠωϟʖεϥϱชԿ൅ఴͶ‫ر‬༫͢ͱͪ͘ɽͨ͹Ҳ๏Ͳɼસͱ͹ӫժ৾‫ڷ‬੕ࡨ͗ΠωϟʖεϥϱӫժͶଲ͢ͱ༙ް͵ࢩԋΝ఑‫ͪ͘Ͳڛ‬Κ͜Ͳͺ͵͚ɼΉͪॊཔͺ஥໪͠Ηͱ͞͵͖ͮͪ΍͹͹‫ޛ‬͹ΠωϟʖεϥϱชԿ൅ఴͶ‫ر‬༫ͪ͢ӫժ৾‫ڷ‬੕ࡨ΍ଚࡑ͢ͱ͏ͪɽຌઇͲͺ͑ͪ͢͞ӫժ੕ࡨͳΠωϟʖεϥϱ͹‫ܐؖ‬Ͷͯ͏ͱർֳ‫ݗ‬౾Νߨ͑ɽ ୊ҲͶɼ࢛৏ॵ͹ӫժ৾‫ڷ‬੕ࡨͶ͍ͪΖ 1927 ೧ӫժ๑ͳΠωϟʖεϥϱӫժͳ͹‫ܐؖ‬੓Ͷͯ͏ͱ‫ݗ‬౾͢Γ͑ɽಋ๑ͺࠅ಼ӫժ͹Ҳఈׄ߻͹৏ӫΝٝແ෉ͪ͜͞ͳ͖Δࠅࢊӫժ͹൅ఴͶ‫ر‬
༫ͤΖ͞ͳ͗‫ࠒݡ‬ΉΗͪ΍͹͹ɼΠωϟʖεϥϱӫժͺͨ͹Ժ‫ܛ‬Νण͜Ζ͞ͳ͗Ͳ͘͵͖ͮͪɽ͵ͧ͵Δͻɼӫժ๑͹ཱིҌंͺ΢άϨηӫժ͹ఈٝͳ͢ͱௗฦӫժΝড়݇Ͷ͢ͱ͏ͪ͹Ͷଲ͢ͱɼ౲࣎͹Πωϟʖεϥϱӫժͺ઒Δ୻ฦӫժͲ͍͖ͮͪΔͲ͍Ζɽ୊್࣏੊ֆ୉ક઴͹΢άϨηͲͺ੕ැ͕Γ;ޮద‫ؖؽ‬ͶΓΖʰࢩԋͶ஍ͤΖ๮Ή͢͏΢άϨηӫժʱ͹મఈΝߨ͑͞ͳͺգ৔͵੕࣑ղ೘ͳΊ͵͠Ηɼ͍͚ΉͲࣙ༟ࢤ৖Ν௪ͣͪમ୔͗๮Ή͢͏ͳ͠Ηͱ͏ͪɽͨΗ‫ބ‬Ͷɼ΢άϨη੕ැͺҲఈׄ߻͹ࠅࢊӫժ৏ӫΝٝແ෉ͪͫ͜͜ͲɼࣰࡏͶʹ͹Γ͑͵ӫժΝࢩԋͤΖ΄͖͘͹મ୔ͺࢤ৖Ͷҗ͸ΔΗͪɽՅ͓ͱɼ1927 ೧ӫժ๑͹੏ఈंͶͳͮͱΓΕଡ͚͹΢άϨηӫժࣁຌΏӫժࢊ‫͗ۂ‬੔ௗͤΖ͞ͳͨ͗͞࠹॑གྷ͹՟ୌͲ͍Εɼ୻ฦӫժͲͺ͵͚ௗฦӫժΝ༑઎ͤΖ͞ͳͺཀྵͶ͖͵ͮͱ͏ͪɽ͑ͪ͢͞য়‫ڱ‬ԾͲͺΠωϟʖεϥϱӫժͶଲ͢ͱಝஊ͹‫͗ৼؖ‬෹ΚΗΖ͞ͳͺ͵͚ɼ݃Վͳ͢ͱ 1927 ೧ӫժ๑͹࿰ૌΊ͖ΔΠωϟʖεϥϱӫժͺ͞·ΗཚͬΖ͞ͳͳ͵ͮͪɽ ͑ͪ͢͞໲ୌ͗ਫ਼ͣͪഐ‫ͱ͢ͳܢ‬ɼͨ΍ͨ΍ 1927 ೧ӫժ๑ͺ΢άϨηࠅ಼͹ӫժ੣ࡠ‫ۂة‬Ͷଲ͢ͱࣁຌ͗౦೘͠ΗΖয়‫ڱ‬Νਫ਼Ίड़ͤ͞ͳΝ໪దͳ͢ͱ͕ΕɼͨΗ‫ބ‬Ͷ୻ฦӫժͺ༑઎ॳҒ͗ఁ͖ͮͪɽՅ͓ͱɼ੕ࡨཱིҌंͶͳͮͱಝఈ͹න‫ݳ‬ΏζϡϱϩΝүͱΓ͑ͳ͏͑ชԿద͵໪దқࣟ͗ඍΚͮͱ͏͵͖ͮͪͪΌͶɼӫժ๑͗χΫϣϟϱνϨʖΏΠωϟʖεϥϱͳ͏ͮͪγϔζϡϱϩ͹൅ఴΝ૏֒͢ͱ͏Ζͳ൅ְͪ͢͹ͬͶ΍๏ਓ఺‫͗׷‬ਦΔΗ͵͖ͮͪ͹Ͳ͍Ζɽ

10 ͨ͹Ҳ๏Ͳɼಋͣકؔ‫غ‬Ͷࢬߨ͠Ηͪӫժ੕ࡨͲ‫ޛ‬͹Πωϟʖεϥϱӫժ൅ఴ͹ා੶ͳ͵ͮͪ॑གྷ͵खΕૌΊ͗ӵࠅӫժ‫ڢ‬ճͶΓͮͱߨΚΗͱ͏ͪɽ۫ରదͶͺɼಋ‫ڢ‬ճͺࣉಒ޴͜ӫժ͹੏ࡠͶ޴ָͪ͜ߏ‫ͳࢥگ‬ӫժ੣ࡠंɼ੕ැ‫ͳؖؽ‬͹‫ڂݜ‬ճΝཱིͬ৏͝ɼఈ‫غ‬దͶ৚ๅި‫׷‬ΝͤΖ৖ॶΝ఑‫ͪ͏ͱ͢ڛ‬ɽͨ͹੔Վͺӵࠅӫժ‫ڢ‬ճࣉಒ޴͜ӫժ‫ڂݜ‬ๅࠄॽͳ͢ͱ‫ى‬࿧͠Ηɼ‫ंܐؖ‬Ͷ‫༙͠ڠ‬Ηͪɽͨ͹஦Ͷͺʰࣉಒ͗؏Ζ΄͘΢άϨηӫժʱϨηφ΍‫؜‬ΉΗɼΠωϟʖεϥϱӫժ͗ࢀ఼खΕ৏͝ΔΗͱ͏ͪɽͯΉΕɼકؔ‫غ‬͹ӫժ੕ࡨͳ͢ͱɼࢊ‫ڷ৾ۂ‬Ν໪ࢨ͢
ͪ 1927 ೧ӫժ๑ͺΠωϟʖεϥϱӫժΝࢩԋͲͥ͘ɼ͞ΗͶଲ͢ͱɼ‫گ‬үదʀชԿద؏఼͖Δ͹ӫժ৾‫ڷ‬Ν໪ࢨ͢ͱ͏ͪӵࠅӫժ‫ڢ‬ճͺࣉಒ޴͜͹ӫժͳ͢ͱΠωϟʖεϥϱͶ஥໪͢ɼਬওͤ΄͘ଲেͳ͢ͱखΕ৏͝ͱ͏ͪ͹Ͳ͍Ζɽӵࠅӫժ‫ڢ‬ճͶΓΖΠωϟʖεϥϱӫժ΃͹஥໪ͳՃ஍Ͱ͜͹݃Վͳ͢ͱɼક‫ޛ‬Ͷಋ‫ڢ‬ճཱི͗ͬ৏ࣰͪ͝‫ݩ‬ӫժࢩԋϓΟϱχͶ͕͏ͱΠωϟʖεϥϱӫժͶଲͤΖࢩԋ͗ߨΚΗΖ͞ͳͶ͵ͮͪɽ ક‫ޛ‬͹΢άϨηΠωϟʖεϥϱͶ‫ͱؖ͢‬ͺɼτϪϑ๎ૻΝ௪ͣͪ൤࿑֨୉ͳ BBC Channel4 ͶΓΖࢩԋ͗Πωϟʖεϥϱӫժ୊್͹ԭۜ‫غ‬Ν΍ͪΔͪ͢͞ͳͺ‫ع‬Ͷ֮೟ͪ͢ɽͨ͹Ҳ๏Ͳɼ͑ͪ͢͞Πωϟʖεϥϱӫժ͹൅ఴͶӆ͵͗Δ߫‫ͪ͢ݛ‬͹͗ 1951 ೧અཱི͹ࣉಒӫժ‫͍ͮͲۜخ‬ͪɽͨ΍ͨ΍ܸ৖޴͜Ͷ੣ࡠ͠ΗͪΠωϟʖεϥϱӫժΝτϪϑͶ͕͏ͱಋ࣎Ͷ๎ӫͤΖͪΌͶͺ઎ߨͤΖखΕૌΊ͖Δஎ‫ݡ‬ΝಚΖ͞ͳ͗෈ՆܿͲ͍ΕɼߍͶͺͨ͑ͪ͢τϪϑ޴͜Πωϟʖεϥϱ๎ૻͶ͕͏ͱक͵؏‫ͱ͢ͳٮ‬૟ఈ͠Ηͱ͏Ζࣉಒ͹޹ΊΏൕԢͶଲͤΖஎࣟͺ෈ՆܿͲ͍ͮͪɽࣉಒ޴͜ӫժ‫ۜخ‬ͺɼͨΗࣙରͺΠωϟʖεϥϱӫժ΃͹ड़ࣁͺ‫ݸ‬ΔΗͱ͏ͪ΍͹͹ɼ͑ͪ͢͞‫ޛ‬͹ԭۜ‫غ‬͹Πωϟʖεϥϱ੣ࡠ͹ා੶ͳ͵Ζ௒ࠬΏٗढ़֋൅Ν਒Όͱ͏ͪɽࣆ
ࣰɼChannel 4 ͶΓΖΠωϟʖεϥϱӫժ΃͹ड़ࣁͶࡏ͢ͱͺɼࣉಒ޴͜ӫժ‫ۜخ‬͹όΤύΤΏ
ࣉಒ͹ӫ଀΃͹ൕԢͶଲͤΖ௒ࠬๅࠄॽ͗ࢂল͠Ηͱ͏ͪɽ͞͞Ͷ΍ɼ΢άϨηӫժ੕ࡨͳ΢άϨηΠωϟʖεϥϱ͹൅ఴͳ͹ؔ͹‫͗ܪ‬ΕΝ‫ݡ‬ड़ͤ͞ͳ͗Ͳ͘Ζɽ ࣉಒӫժ‫ۜخ‬ͶΓΖΠωϟʖεϥϱࢩԋͶͯ͏ͱͺ͞ΗΉͲ঱఼͗౲ͱΔΗͱ͞͵͖ͮͪ͗ɼ
ಋ‫ۜخ‬͹઴ਐͶ͍ͪΖ Children’s Film Department ͕Γ; Children’s Entertainment Film ͹‫׈‬ಊ‫ى‬࿧͹஦Ͷͺɼࣰ‫ݩ‬ద͵Πωϟʖεϥϱӫժ͹ࢩԋ͗ߨΚΗͱ͏ͪ͞ͳ͗‫ͱݡ‬खΗΖɽ1947 ೧͹ๅࠄॽͲͺ CEF ͗Πωϟʖεϥϱӫժ Robbie Finds A Gun ͗੣ࡠ͠Ηͪɽ͞͹ӫժͺӫ଀͗࢔ͮͱ͏͵͏΍͹͹ಋ‫ۜخ‬ͶΓΖ֕གྷͺҐԾ͹Γ͑Ͷઈ໎͠Ηͱ͏Ζɽ͞͹ӫժͺΤγά͹ϫϑʖͶ‫ͤؖ‬Ζ΍͹Ͳ͍Ζɽ൶ͺΩνϏϩφ͹φϧϔϩͶ‫ࠒ͘ת‬ΉΗɼ͏͚͖ͯ͹๱‫ݧ‬͹͹ͬஓͶཚͬΖ͗ɼঙ͢൷͚͢ঙ͢‫͏ݣ‬Τγάͳ͵ͮͱशΚΖ (CEF 1947
Annual Report)͞͹ӫժࣙରͺࣉಒ޴͜͹୻ฦӫժΔ͚͢ɼ෾͖ΕΏͤ͏‫ͱཱི۔‬͹‫ש‬વெѳɼಕಛద͵ϟριʖζͶຮͬͪ΍͹ͳ͵ͮͱ͏Ζɽ͖͢͢ɼΠωϟʖεϥϱ࢛৚॑གྷ͵͹ͺ͞͹ӫժୱରͲͺ͵͚ɼ͖͞͞Δഁਫ਼ͪ͢ࣉಒӫժ‫ۜخ‬Ͷ͕͜ΖΠωϟʖεϥϱӫժࢩԋ͹൅ఴͶ͍Ζɽ઎फ़͹௪Εɼಋ‫ۜخ‬ͺࣉಒ͹ൕԢΝ௒ࠬ͢ͱ͖ͨ͞ΔಚΔΗͪஎ‫ݡ‬Ν੷‫ۅ‬దͶखΕ೘Ηͪɽ͞͹घ๑ͺ11ΠωϟʖεϥϱӫժͶ΍खΕ೘ΗΔΗͱ͏Ζɽཎ೧ 1948 ೧Ͷͺॵ͹ΩϧʖΠωϟʖεϥϱ͹ε
Ϩʖθ෼Ͳ͍Ζ Squirrel War ͳɼಋ͚ͣΩϧʖΠωϟͲ͍Ζ WHO ROBBED THE ROBINS ͗੣ࡠ͠Ηͪɽ͞ΗΔ͹Πωϟ͹ಝ৯ͳ͢ͱࣉಒͶͳͮͱ΍໪Ͷ༑͢͏Γ͑ΓΕ༑͢͏৯‫͏ݥ‬ΝखΕ೘Ηɼ͵͕͖ͯಊ͘Ν୉ਕ޴͜͹௪৙͹ΠωϟʖεϥϱΓΕ΍ஙΌͶ͢ͱ͏Ζɽ͑ͪ͢͞எ‫ݡ‬ͺࣉಒ͹ൕԢΝ‫ͱݡ‬खΕ೘ΗΔΗͪ΍͹Ͳ͍ΖɽՅ͓ͱɼಋ೧ͶεϱήΠωϟʤ৏ӫ஦Ͷࣉಒ؏‫߻͗ٮ‬঑ͤΖ͞ͳΝ‫ة‬ਦ͢ͱ੣ࡠ͠Ηͪӫժɽ1930 ೧େ͹ϜοϋӫժϕϫήϧϞ͹౲͖࣎ΔҲൢదͫͮͪϕϫήϧϞʥͳ͢ͱ Let’s Sing Together ͗‫ۜخ‬͹ࢩԋ͹΍ͳͶ੣ࡠ͠Ηͪɽͪͫ͢ɼ͞͹ӫժͶଲ͢ͱ৏ӫͳ؏‫ٮ‬௒ࠬ͹݃Վɼ߻঑͹৖໚Ͳ΍ӫ଀Ͷ‫ـ‬ΝखΔΗͱՐ͏ͨ;Η
Ζࣉಒ͹ଚࡑ֮͗೟͠ΗɼҐ‫ޛ‬͹੣ࡠͶࡏ͢ͱͺพ͹න‫͗ݳ‬ໝࡩ͠ΗΖΓ͑Ͷ͵ͮͪɽ ͞ΗΔҲ࿊͹ླྀΗ͗ࣖͤ͹ͺࣉಒӫժ‫ࢩ͑͏ͳۜخ‬ԋ࿰ૌΊ͹஦ͲɼҲൢӫժɼεϨʖθ෼ɼՐ঑ӫժͳ͏ͮͪଡ༹͵Πωϟʖεϥϱ͗ໝࡩ͠ΗɼͨΗΔ͹ࢾߨࡪ‫ޣ‬Ͷ͕͏ͱࣉಒӫժ‫ۜخ‬༙͗͢ͱ͏ͪ؏‫ٮ‬௒ࠬ͹ཀྵ೨ͳघ๑͗࠹୉‫͠༽׈ݸ‬Ηͱ͏఼ͪͶ͍ΖɽͳΕΚ͜ɼຌߚͲफ़΄ͪΓ͑ͶΠωϟʖεϥϱࢊ‫ۂ‬Ͷ͕͏ͱτϪϑ৏ӫͺ୉͘͵ࢤ৖ͳ͵ͮͪ͞ͳΝؓΊͱ΍ɼಋ‫خ‬ۜ͹΍ͳͲॵΌͱ͹εϨʖθ΍͹ΩϧʖΠωϟӫժ͗੣ࡠ͠Ηͪ͞ͳ͹қٝͺ୉͘͏ͳ͏͓Γ͑ɽࣉಒӫժ‫ۜخ‬͹‫ک‬ΊͲ͍Ζ؏‫ͱ͢ͳٮ‬͹ࣉಒ͹௒ࠬͳͨΗͶ‫͚Ͱخ‬੣ࡠࢨ಍ͺɼΠωϟʖεϥϱ੣ࡠͶ΍஥ࣰͶӪ‫ڻ‬Ν‫͗ͳͪ͞͏ͱ͢·ٶ‬໎Δ͖Ͷ͵ͮͪɽ ͞͞ΉͲ‫ͪ͘ͱݡ‬΢άϨηӫժ੕ࡨͶΓΖΠωϟʖεϥϱ৾‫ڷ‬͹੔൳Ͷͯ͏ͱ݃࿨Ͱ͜Ζ͵ΔͻɼChannel 4 Ώ༥੕‫ۃ‬ӫժϤωρφɼࣉಒ޴͜ӫժ‫ͪͮ͏ͳۜخ‬ʰӫժ੣ࡠ΃͹௜ંࢩԋʀ௜ંड़ࣁʱ͹घ๑ΝखΕ೘ΗΖ͞ͳͺ‫ۅ‬Όͱ॑གྷ͵੔ޯড়݇Ͳ͍Ζɽ͞ΗͶଲ͢ͱɼࢤ৖Ͷમ୔Νҗ͸Ζ 1927 ೧ӫժ๑͹Γ͑͵घ๑Ͳͺචͥ͢΍Πωϟʖεϥϱӫժ͹৾‫ڷ‬Ͷͺ‫ر‬༫͢͵͏͞ͳ͗‫ͱݡ‬खΗΖɽ͑ͪ͢͞ԭۜ‫غ‬͹‫ݬ‬ಊྙͳ͵ͮͪӫժ੣ࡠ΃͹௜ં౦ࣁ͹खΕૌΊ͹Ҳ๏Ͳɼࠅཱིӫժ‫ڢ‬ճ͕Γ;ࣉಒ޴͜ӫժ‫ͪͮߨ͗ۜخ‬ɼࣉಒ޴͜ӫժ΃͹৾‫ۂࣆڷ‬ʀ௒ࠬࣆ‫ۂ‬΍ΉͪΠωϟʖεϥϱӫժ͗൅ఴ͢ͱ͏͚৏Ͳ෈Նܿ͵ોஏΝ༽қͤΖखΕૌΊͲ͍ͮͪɽ͵ͧ͵Δɼ͞ΗΔ͹ૌ৭͹௒ࠬΏ৚ๅ൅৶ͶΓͮͱͺͣΌͱɼΠωϟʖεϥϱӫժ͹क͵؏‫ٮ‬૜ͳ͢ͱࣉಒ͗૟ఈ͠Ηɼ͵͕͖ͯࣉಒ͹޹ΊΏӫժʀτϪϑ΃͹ൕԢͶଲͤΖஎ‫͗ݡ‬ட੷͠Ηͱ͏͖ͮͪΔͲ͍Ζɽ͑ͪ͢͞ӫժ੕ࡨͶΓͮͱɼ୉ਕ޴͜͹ࣰ‫ݩ‬ద͵ܵढ़න‫ͱ͢ͳݳ‬͹Πωϟʖεϥϱ͖Δࣉಒ޴͜͹‫ͱ͢ͳߨڷ‬͹Πωϟʖεϥϱ΃͹఺‫ऀͳ׷‬ճద͵‫ڠ‬௪೟ࣟ͹รԿ͗ଇ͠Ηͪ͹Ͳ͍Ζɽ͵͕ɼຌߴͲ‫ࣉͪ͢ٶݶ‬ಒ޴͜ӫժ‫͕ۜخ‬Γ;ӵࠅӫժ‫ڢ‬ճ͹‫׈‬ಊ಼༲Ͷͯ͏ͱͺɼජं͗ 2023 ೧ͶΫϱήηʀΩϪρζʀϫϱχϱͶͱ఑ड़༩ఈ͹ദ࢞࿨ชͶ͕͏ͱΓΕ৆ࡋ͵٠࿨Νߨ͵ͮͱ͏Ζɽ
5. ݃࿨ʁ΢άϨηӫժ੕ࡨͶΓΖ΢άϨηΠωϟʖεϥϱࢩԋ͹ࣰ੹ͳ‫ݸ‬ֆ΢άϨηӫժ੕ࡨ͹ྼ࢛ͺɼΠϟϨΩ߻़ࠅͶΓΖชԿదʀ‫ࡃܨ‬ద͵Ӫ‫ڻ‬Ν୦͢ಢࣙ͹ӫժࢊ‫ۂ‬Νүͱ৏͝ΖͪΌ͹ࢾߨࡪ‫ޣ‬͹ྼ࢛Ͳ΍͍ͮͪɽͨ͹஦Ͳ 1927 ೧ӫժ๑ͺ΢άϨηӫժࢊ‫ۂ‬12ཱི͗ͬ৏͗ΖͪΌͶ॑གྷ͵఺‫ͳ఼׷‬ཀྵմ͠Ηͱ͏Ζ΍͹͹ɼΠωϟʖεϥϱӫժͶͯ͏ͱͺಋ๑͗༑۲͢Γ͑ͳͪ͢Ҳൢௗฦӫժ͹൥ᙟͶफΉΔ͵͖ͮͪ͗‫ބ‬Ͷ͞͹ࢩԋ͹໪͖Δ͞·Ηཚͬͱͪ͘ɽ΋͢ΘɼΠωϟʖεϥϱӫժͳ͏͑ಝҡ͵ζϡϱϩ͹ࢩԋͶ॑གྷ͵ༀׄΝՎͪͪ͢͹ͺɼ༥੕‫ۃ‬ӫժϤωρφΏࣉಒӫժ‫ʹ͵ۜخ‬ɼӫժ͹‫گ‬үదʀชԿదଈ໚Ν॑ࢻ͢ɼޮద‫ؽ‬‫ؖ‬͹‫͏ک‬΢ωεΠτΡϔ͹΍ͳͶ੣ࡠΝ௜ંࢩԋͪ͢खΕૌΊͲ͍ͮͪɽ1980 ೧େҐ߳Ͷ BBC
Channel 4 ͶΓΖΠωϟʖεϥϱӫժࢩԋͺɼࠕೖΉͲ࢔Ζ΢άϨηΠωϟʖεϥϱ͹ϛρϕΠ
΢αϱʤΠʖχϜϱӫժΏηόʖϜϱ͵ʹʥΝਫ਼Ίड़ͤͳಋ࣎Ͷɼ઎ߨͤΖࣰ‫ݩ‬దΠωϟʖεϥϱӫժࢩԋ͹ఽ౹΍ң࣍ͪ͗͢ɼBBC Channel4 ΍Ήͪγροϡʖ੕‫͗ݘ‬क಍ͪ͢ࢤ৖஦ৼʀ
‫ݫؒࡃܨ‬कٝద͵੕࣑Ͷ‫ͤߨٱ‬Ζɼӫժ͹ชԿద॑གྷ੓Ͷ঱఼Ν౲ͱͪ੕ࡨͲ͍Ζɽಋ༹Ͷɼӵࠅӫժ‫ڢ‬ճ΍ΉͪชԿదʀ‫گ‬үద͵؏఼͖Δ΢άϨηӫժΝ৾‫ͪ͘ͱ͢ڷ‬ૌ৭Ͳ͍Εɼಋ‫ڢ‬ճͶΓΖΠʖΩ΢ϔʀฯસࣆ‫ۂ‬ΏӫժҲൢޮ֋ɼ͠ΔͶͺࣉಒӫժ෕‫׈ٶ‬ಊΝ௪ͣͱकགྷ͵΢άϨηΠωϟʖεϥϱ͹ฯસ͗͵͠Ηͱͪ͘ɽ ͞ΗΔ͹΢άϨηӫժ੕ࡨ͹੔ޯʀࣨഌࣆྭΝؓΊΖͳɼࠕೖ͹ΠωϟʖεϥϱӫժͳͨΗ
ͶଲͤΖ੕ࡨࢩԋ͹՟ୌ΍಍͘ड़ͤ͞ͳ͗Ͳ͘Ζɽࠕೖ͹ӫժ੕ࡨͶ͕͏ͱकླྀͳ͵ͮͱ͏Ζ͹ͺɼӫժΝέϨΦ΢τΡϔࢊ‫ۂ‬ɼͤ͵Κͬ‫ࡃܨ‬੔ௗ͹‫ݬ‬ಊྙͳ͢ͱଌ͓Ζ੕ࡨ࿰ૌΊͲ͍Ζɽ
͑ͪ͢͞஦Ͳ΢άϨηΠωϟʖεϥϱͶଲͤΖࢩԋͺ‫ݸ‬ఈదͲɼ΋͢Θӵธ͹߻ಋ੣ࡠΝଇ਒
ͤΖ͞ͳͲࠅࢊΠωϟʖεϥϱΏࣙࠅ͹ΠωϟʖνʖͶଲͤΖ൅න͹৖Ν୥͏͍ͯͯΖɽྼ࢛͹‫܉گ‬ΝಁΉ͓ɼࣙࠅ޴͜Πωϟʖεϥϱ͹৾‫ڷ‬Ν໪ࢨͤ͹Ͳ͍ΗͻɼΠωϟʖεϥϱ͹‫ࡃܨ‬ద͵॑གྷ੓Ͳͺ͵͚ɼ‫گ‬үదʀชԿదՃ஍Ͷྙ఼Ν஖͏ͪ੕ࡨ΃͹఺‫͗׷‬๮Ή͢͏ͳߡ͓ΔΗ
Ζɽ

13

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16බ┈㈈ᅋἲேᚨ㛫グᛕ࢔ࢽ࣓࣮ࢩࣙࣥᩥ໬㈈ᅋᖺሗ 㸫  ู෉㸦௧࿴  ᖺᗘ ➨  ྕ ู෉㸧௧࿴  ᖺ  ᭶Ⓨ⾜⦅㞟࣭Ⓨ⾜㸸බ┈㈈ᅋἲேᚨ㛫グᛕ࢔ࢽ࣓࣮ࢩࣙࣥᩥ໬㈈ᅋ
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