第 19 回腸内細菌学会

59

海外特別講 演

海外特別講演
Todd R. Klaenhammer
Distinguished University Professor & William Neal Reynolds Distinguished
Professor of Food Science, Microbiology, and Genetics

Education / Training
INSTITUTION AND LOCATION
University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN
University of Minnesota, St. Paul, MN
University of Minnesota, St. Paul, MN

DEGREE(if applicable)

YEAR(s)FIELD OF STUDY

BSMS
PhD

1973
1975
1978

Microbiology
Food Science/Biochem.
Food Science/Genetics

Research Interests:
Microbiology and genomics of lactic acid bacteria and their bacteriophages important in food and industrial
fermentations. Functional genomics of probiotic organisms used for delivery of biotherapeutics.
Training Record
M.S. (21); Ph.D. (22; 2 current),
Academic and Professional Appointments
Assistant, Associate, and Full Professor, Departments of Food Science & Microbiology, 1978‑1992
NCSU Alumni Distinguished Professor, 1993 & 1994
Director of the Southeast Dairy Foods Research Center, 1993‑2014
William Neal Reynolds Distinguished Professor, College of Agriculture and Life Sciences, 1992‑present
Distinguished University Professor, 2002‑present
Selected Professional Activities
2000
IFT Task Force on Food Biotechnology: Expert Panel
2000‑2004
Chief Science Advisor, Einstein Institute for Science, Health and the Courts and NIEHS, In
Food/Agricultural Biotechnology
2003‑2006
National Academy of Sciences, Committee on Scientiﬁc Programs
2003‑2007
German/US Frontiers of Science, Co-Chairman, National Academy of Sciences
2009‑2015
Co-chief editor for the Annual Reviews of Food Science and Technology
Selected Awards and Honors
Samuel Cate Prescott Research Award. Institute of Food Technologists, 1989
Alumni University Research Award. North Carolina State Univ. Alumni Association, 1990
Dairy Research Foundation Award. American Dairy Science Association, 1990
Borden Award. American Dairy Science Association, 1996
Research and Development Award Institute of Food Technologists, 1998
Fellow in Institute of Food Technologists 2000, American Academy of Microbiology, 2001
Outstanding Achievement Award of the University of Minnesota, June 7, 2001
Elected member in the National Academy of Sciences, May 1, 2001.
William C. Frazier Memorial Award. University of Wisconsin, Madison. May 29, 2002
William C. Haines Dairy Science Research Award, 2006
Alexander Quarles Holladay Medal of Excellence, North Carolina State University, 2007
Nicolas Appert Award, Institute of Food Technology, 2007
Oliver Max Gardner Award, the University of North Carolina System, May 8, 2009
Fellow, American Association for the Advancement of Science, 2009
Eli Metchnikoﬀ Award in Biotechnology, International Dairy Federation, 2010
Harris Award for contributions to the ﬁeld of Food Science, Ohio State University, March 2012
Publications and Citations
See Todd R. Klaenhammer—Google Scholar

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腸内細菌学雑誌

29 巻 2 号

2015

Genomic views of prebiotic and probiotic mechanisms that impact healthTodd R. Klaenhammer
Distinguished University Professor & William Neal Reynolds Distinguished Professorof Food Science, Microbiology, and Genetics

Lactic acid bacteria (LAB) and bifidobacteria are associated with various plant, animal andhuman niches and play a key role in the production of fermented foods and beverages, with somespecies also exerting probiotic properties. Explosive genome sequencing of numerous LAB andprobiotic species in recent years has revealed a path of evolution toward specialized habitats thatare nutritionally rich, such as milk and the gastrointestinal tract. During this process, the group
underwent a dramatic reduction in genome size, decay of biosynthetic pathways and loss of nonessential genes, but concurrently acquired key gene sets promoting survival in these adapted environments. This presentation will examine the genomic relationships and distinctions of probiotic
microbes. Genomic analyses have identiﬁed genetic determinants implicated in the survival andbeneﬁcial activities of probiotic lactobacilli and biﬁdobacteria. Exploitation of new genetic tools has
allowed conﬁrmation of important gene groups that direct prebiotic utilization, acid tolerance, biletolerance, and production of cell surface components that are responsible for direct interactions
with the intestinal mucosa and immune responsive cells. These features are critical to the metabolic, bioprocessing and health-related activities of probiotic species.