ＣＩＶＩＬ ＡＶＡＴＩＯＮ IN ＪＡＰＡＮDevelopment ofFuture Air Traffic Systems in Japan
5 March 2009ATS Systems Planning Division
JCABJCAB

航空局
Ministry of Land, Infrastructure, Transport and Tourism

Japan Civil Aviation Bureau (JCAB)
11Out line
1. Policy Review
ICAO/FANS Concept (1991) / Council Report No.23 (1994)
2. Aviation Council Report
Aviation Council Report (2007)
3. Long-term Vision
3.1 Background
3.2 Policy Targets
3.3 Future Operational Concept and Programs in CNS/ATM
1990

2000

2010

★

★

2025

★

1232

Issues for Metropolitan Airspace
Tokyo Airport 【Image of Re-expansion】

Image of Current Metropolitan Airspace

欧州方面

北海道方面

23000ft

韓国方面

横田空域

Ｎ

百里空域
23000ft

2,5/W
ＢR00ｍ

北米方面

成田空域

18000ft

羽田空域

Tokyo Bay

Ｃ R/W
3,000ｍNew Run

18000ft

17000ft
アジア方面
西日本方面

New 4th runway will
increase slots from296,000 to 407,000(1.4 times)

riveaRTa m

International
Area

Ａ R/W
3,000ｍNarita Airport

14000ft

西日本方面

0ｍ
way 2,50【Image of Extension】
空港連絡橋
滑走路（3,500m)
旅客ﾀｰﾐﾅﾙﾋﾞﾙ

Extension to 2,500m toward North will increase slots
from 200,000 to 220,000
3Trend and Forecast of Air Traffic Demand in Japan
2000
33% increase

Annual Flights （×1,000）

16001399（234）14001200
1000
800
600

755（126）
598
（100）

222
668

167

270
223

184

12000

154
521
420

14000

600

10000

470

International Flights
825

888

716

Domestic Flights

4346
（109）

Number of ATS staff

893

898

8000
6000

533

400

431

200

4001
（100）

01985

Over Flights 1162
（194）
1005
115
（168）
79
331
258

1542
（258）

1637
（274）

16000

4315
（108）

4386
（110）

Number of ATS staff

1800

1768
（296）

4000
2000

1990

1995

2000

2005

2010 2012 2015 2017 2020 2022 2025 2027

4

1. Policy Review
ICAO/FANS Concept (1991) / Council Report No.23 (1994)
To date, JCAB has proactively implemented various systems and procedures in accordance with theICAO FANS (CNS/ATM) concept. For examples, the ATM Center was commissioned first in
Asia/Pacific in 2005, and RNAV and aeronautical satellite communications/navigation systems
became operational in 2007, and consequently airspace capacity enhancement and significant
reduction of ATC separation were realized. As the first step of future air traffic systems
development, JCAB has reviewed relevant policies and programs in light of achievements andoutstanding issues.
1990

2000

2010

★

★

2025

★

1
2
35

ICAO/FANS Concept (1991) / Council Report No.23 (1994)【Example】

Aeronautical Satellite System

Air Traffic Management (ATM)

AMSS/ADSGNSS(MSAS)

120NM

50NM

全空港にＶＯＲ／Improving
airport
ＤＭＥ同等以上のservicerate
就航率向上効果

30NM

50NM

50NM

GPS( 30NM )Airspace Management
Air Traffic Flow Management
Oceanic Control
RNAVGPSMTSAT

ＲＮＡＶ（ＧＮＳＳ）route
ＭＳＡＳ経路Legacy 従来型経路
routeFree route not to depend
地上施設に依存しない自由な経路設定による経路短縮効果
on navaids on ground.

6

Indicator

Review (Draft)

1. Usage of air transportation safely （Enhancement of safety ）Prevention measures foraccidents②Number of Severe Incident

2. Operation of aircraft any time efficiently （Increase of capacity tomeet air traffic growth）
Correspondence to theincreasing service frequency inthe expansion of capacity④Number of Flight

Contribution to the reduction ofoperational cost

⑥Shortening of flight route⑤Capacity in congested airspace⑦Desired height level in theoceanic airspace

3. Arrival on schedule （Improvement of convenience）

Flight without flight cancelation【Number of Severe Incident】①Number of Accident③Datalink utilization

Secure the punctuality【Example】
12（(Excluding ATM/CNS. ) (ATM/CNS relation）

Viewpoint (Target)

63

2001

02
13

⑬Number of ATFM
6. International contribution and cooperation (Common item)

4233

9106

3151

2006

315

91
112（Calendar year）

1281

Over Flight

1243
1185
1142

International (Departure/Arrival)
Domestic (Arrival)

1200

10831086
10141019

1000
891

Total flights (×1,000）⑫Reduction of CO2 byshortening of flight route

31

2004

42002

2007

22003

【Number of Flight】⑩ Number of Flight / a controller⑪Construction cost / a flight

2005

1400

⑨Airport access rate

5. Environment friendly （Consideration of environment）
Reduction of CO2

9⑧On Time flight

4. Improve the efficiency of the ATS （Improvement of ATSefficiency）
Progress of efficiency
improvement of ATS

Near missRunway Incursion
OthersOverrunning/R/W Deviating etc.
Aircraft material breakdown etc.

759

800909934

784705
634 649
553

600
431

400

315

334 343359 367 364

381

453 463 465 466

468 479492 503

581

660

598

521

399

283

200

0150

169

64185

202

226

7080

9000（FY）

077

Future Air Traffic Systems in JAPAN (Short Term)
EnhanceEnhanceSafety
SafetyIncrease
IncreaseCapacity
Capacity

Increase
IncreaseEfficiency
Efficiency

EnvironmentallyEnvironmentallyFriendly
Friendly【Example】
Implementation of RNAV

Satellite based Navigation

RNAV will be implemented in most of domestic
route in Japan by 2011, 2% reduction of total flight
distance ⇒155,000 ton CO2 reduction

Enhance Safety【AirportGPSMSAS

Introduction of RWSL, etc.

GPS

Introduction of Advanced RNAV (RNP-AR)
GBAS

RF

【Datalink】
RNP AR⇒Reduction of Cancel, Diversion

ウェイポイント

Introduction of DCL from 2012 at Haneda and Narita

旋回の中心

Enhancement of ATMILS

datalink⇒Increase Capacity, Reduction of Noise
Facilitate of Implementation of RNAV in Asia

⇒Enhance Safety

Flexible air space management
×Achieve the smooth air
traffic by same level RANV
across adjacent FIRs

Conventional×○×⇒Increase Capacity,
Reduction of CO2
in Asia

Introduction of CDA○RNAVRNAV○×○CDArunway⇒Increase air space capacity,
Reduction of CO2⇒Reduction of CO2, Noise8

2. Aviation Council Report
Aviation Council Report (2007)
In 2007, The Civil Aviation Council analyzed problems that the present ATS systems were facing,and examined future needs in CNS/ATM. The Council, in its report, formed various
recommendations aimed at enhancing safety, capacity, efficiency, human resource development
and R&D. These recommendations in the Council report are incorporated into the 5-Year National
Plan of Social Infrastructure Construction from 2008 to 2012.

19902000

2010

★

★

2025

★

1239

Points of Argument for Future System
12
34
567

How to prevent accidents and major incidents
How to strengthen contingency management against natural disaster etc.
How to cope with high traffic volume due to re-expansion of Tokyo
airport and Narita and downsizing of fuselage
How to improve flight efficiency such as reduction of flight hour and fuelconsumption
How to harmonize international and domestic traffic in accordance withincrease of international flights and over-flights
How to strengthen irregular situation such as bad weather etc.
How to improve usefulness of air transportation such as reduction ofcancellation rate

Summary of Future System○Strengthen systematic safety measures via introduction of Safety Management
System etc.
○In order to handle increasing air traffic, Reorganize airspace and airways, andStrengthen Air Traffic Management.
○Provide safer and more efficient ATC services using RNAV and other newtechnology such as satellite based navigation etc.
○Secure necessary personnel, and further improve skill in addition to efficient
operation.
○Promote industry-academia-government partnership for future issues.
10Maintaining High Safety Level including Disaster Risk Management【Example】
Introduction of Safety Management System (SMS)

Enhancement of ATC Contingency Management

Proactive risk-based safety（SMS）
Sapporo ACC（Hokkaido）

ATS offices
feedback

Fukuoka ACC（Fukuoka）

Finding, Evaluation and Reduction of risk

SDECC
Continuity of ATS

Basis of risk reduction・technology
・education, training・rule, management

Evaluation safety planDisasterCorrect information

planning for safety

Naha ACC（Okinawa）※ Crosssupport
between
ACCs

Execution safety plan

Safety improvement of General aviation

Safety Measure for Airport Surface Operation
mode-s signal
ＢＡASDE

ＣR/W occupancy monitoring

ＤUse ofMulti-lateration
Technology

RWSL(Runway status lighting system)

receiving site
（main）

Low altit
ude blindarea

ＶＦＲ
Departures
Arrivals
entering approaching

sub（relay station site）

Alarm (Redlight Blinking)11

【Example】

Handle Increasing Volume of Air Traffic
Advanced Airspace Management

Advanced Air Traffic Flow Management

Coordination to utilize airspace

Improvement of Air Traffic Flow Prediction

Flexible operation in accordance with traffic volume

Strengthen irregular situation

Optimum Design of Airspace Configuration and route（2008～）

BeforeAirlines

Strategic Avoidancewith bad weather

Provide more chance for landing withuse of high accurate weather information
Detouring

Traffic
concentratespecific sector

After

Separate
sector withaltitude andreduce pilot/controller
workload

Quantity analysis
vis simulation tool
Based on safety verification, toresolve bottleneck through optimum
design of airspace and route

Reduce waiting time by
improving forecast accuracy ofbad weather etcairlines

Short term forecast for blastand thunderstorm

CDMATMCー
S0 4

NO RT H A RE A
EA ST A RE A
WE ST A RE A

VL AD IV OS TO K FIR
T0 5
S 03

SO UT H A RE A

S 02
P YO NG YA NG F IR

S2 1

T29

S0 1
T 02

T2 0

T0 1
T 27
T 03
T0 4
TA RG U FI R

T2 1
F0 1
F 03

F 02
F0 8F05

F0 6
F0 7

T 26
T2 2 T 24
T 18
T 17
T 31
T 32

T 12
T 08
T 109
T 1

T 16

N0 1
N 07

T 19

TAN 01
N 02

IRMEA:

0T3257

0-640

03:51

A
T50

RIEMA:T023750-

64003:
5150N 02

4040

TA IP EI FI R

Collaboration

Introduction of Next Generation ATC System

N 05

30

N06

3020
2010

1000305■
■

L

4001

4002

4003

40
04

4005

40
0

50
01

5002

5003

5004

5005

500

60
01

06
2006
30

06
40

H
M

1

135101

3151

7201

8191

81

716

15

16

17■

28

82

82

72

72

62

42

2

191

91

71

41

210

8

77■

2387

9723

973

073

273

673

73873

9743

073

973

873

473

2739

2397

307

317

0P
LANIN-FL
TCOA
PTOAL

0
53040
14024034040
54050150250350450
5060
160260360
46238723
9723
9730
7327367373
873
974
3073
973873473
2723
972
3
97

30
73
17H
M

CAP

Air Traffic Metrological Center

Advanced Oceanic Control
Introduction of height allocation
program for oceanic operation
International Data exchange
12Improve Usefulness of Air
Transportation System【Example】

High Quality of Service【Example】
Architect Safe and Efficient Operative Organization

Improve Airport Access Rate
Implementation of high categories of ILS

SecureNecessaryPersonnel

CAT-Ⅰ
DH 60mRVR 550m

CAT-Ⅱ
DH 30mRVR 350m

CATⅢaの場合

DH 0m
RVR 50m

CAT-Ⅲ
約300メートル

ALS

RWL

HumanDevelopmentfor ATS
Personnel

Improve
Efficiency
In ATSOperation

Ex.） Air Safety Academy

Shortening CAT-Ⅲ
300m

Ex.） System Operation

Human Development for ATS Personnel
Introduction of RNAV (GNSS)
Snow Removal

Training at Airport offices etc

Runway Improve
13Strengthen International Partnership & Cooperation【Example】
Regular bi-lateral/multi-lateral meetings withChina and Korea to harmonize procedures andsystems for further improvement of ATS.

RussiaChinaEuropeSESAR
SESAR

IPACG for short/mid-term planning andproblem solving
International ATFM between Japan and US
Harmonization of future air traffic systems
concept
USA

NextGenNextGen

Korea
Fukuoka FIR

ICAO

HongKongSouth
East Asia

Philippines

Support to implement new technologies andprovide training and assistance.
・ASEAN-Japan Project・Human Resource Development

Australia
New Zealand

Develops Global ATM
Concept and leads
globally harmonized andseamless airtransportation system.

Civil Aviation Safety
College will accept Asian
countries’ ATS personnel
training14

3. Long-term Vision
JCAB plans to develop a long-term vision of future air traffic systems in Japan around 2025.

3.1 Background
3.2 Policy Targets
3.3 Future Operational Concept and Programs in CNS/ATM

1990

2000

2010

★

★

2025

★

1
2
315

3.1 BackgroundAs air transport demands increase, airspace congestion has become more serious concern. For
example, JCAB expects the air traffic demand in Japan around 2025 to be approximately 1.5 timesof 2005, and IATA also anticipates a rapid growth in the East Asia region in their “IATA Vision in2015”. This situation requires JCAB to make our continuous efforts to change ourselves for thepurpose of ensuring safety and capacity.

Diversified needs of operators and users

Increased future demand
2000
1800

such as operational efficiency, on-time
operation, global environmental issue, etc.

Flights per Year (x1000)

1600

Average rate of growthfrom 2005 to 2017 (Estimated)
Overflights
4.0%International Flights 2.9%
Domestic Flights
2.0%

1400

Overflights

1000

755

800

598
400

1399
（139）

1162
1005 （111）
115（100）1200

600

Total

167
431

222

79258

331

154
420

1542（153）

1637
（163）

184
470

223
521

1768
（176）

270
600

International Flights

888825

893

898

668

716

Domestic Flights

2000

2005

20102012 20152017 20202022 20252027 2030

53320001985

New operational concept with technical revolution
Such as Information sharing,responsibility sharing,decision support, etc.

1990

1995

Year

Physical Interconnectedness
Major traffic flows-ATM Homogeneous ATM areas

International trend

NextGenSESAR
IATA Vision 20158

Need to establish the future air traffic system with long term vision

16

Conceptual out line
・Set up the Policy Targets around 2025, which is also the target year of ICAO
ATM concept, based on international trend and social needs.
・Organize ATM Operational concept and Enabling Technology in order to achieve
the goals.
・Based on the operational concept and enabling technology, sketch the Future
Vision of Air Traffic Systems around 2025 and build up the Implementation Plan,in view of technical feasibility and cost-benefit efficiency.
・Set up the Performance Indicators to measure the achievement.
Operational
Concept

Performance
Indicators

EnablingTechnologyImplementation
Plan

Near-term

Mid-term

Long-term
FutureVisionPrograms

PolicyTargets

173.2 Policy Targets

The following areas are identified as policy targets of future air traffic systems around 2025:(1) Enhancement of safety①accidents ②service continuity ③security(2) Increase of capacity to meet air traffic growth①capacity ②operational cost(3) Improvement of convenience①punctuality ②airport access rate ③fast arrival(4) Improvement of ATS efficiency①service productivity(5) Consideration of environment①CO2 ②noise(6) Strengthening of the presence in the international aviation①int’l contribution ②int’l competitiveness

Performance indicators

will be developed for respective areas because it is considered essential for JCAB tocontinuously monitor the progress and assess outcomes in order to maximize benefits.
18

3.３ Future Operational Concept and Programs in CNS/ATM
JCAB has been developing a future operational concept and detailed programs in CNS/ATM, taking
into account development of relevant operations and technologies in other countries as well asICAO.

Key Areas:(1) Air Space Management (ASM)

ASM for 4DT, int’l CDR & RNAV route, training airspace, low altitude(2) Air Traffic Flow Management (ATFM) and Capacity

design / evaluation / calculation, prediction, optimization, planned formation(3) Air Traffic Control (ATC)･･･Oceanic, En-routeautomation / remote, intent / maneuver / met information, ASAS / TIS(4) Airport Operation

position / foreign objection debris detection, airport CDM(5) Information Services

information sharing, monitoring / analysis / evaluation, visualization, common infrastructure

19Common issues:(1) Technology

com datalink
nav satnav
sur grand / air to air
data continuity / extensibility / sustainability(2) Human Factor

human / machine, human resource(3) Safety Management

evaluation, monitoring, natural disaster / jamming / accident prevention, crisis management(4) Environment

RNAV / RNP / VNAV / CDA, ACFT renewal

20

Partners:(1) A/Ls(2) R&D Institutes(3) Industries
etc.
Others:(1) Business case (B/C)(2) Financial resources(3) Institutional issues (Regulation)
etc.

21

Key words:
・Trajectory / performance - Based Operation (TBO / PBO)
・Ability of prediction (met / ops / traffic flow / capacity)
・SATNAV / SWIM
・Real time situational awareness between ACFTs
・Automated support system
・Collaborative Decision Making (CDM) / Capacity (Congested / HD)
Safety is at the core of our mission
We promote the collaborative actions for renovation of ATS

22

JCAB will continue the development of the vision and its
implementation, in concert with relevant parties.

23

Thank you for your attention !!

24