電子航法研究所研究発表会（第 13 回平成 25 年６月）

㸰㸬࢝ࢸࢦࣜ ,,,*%$6㸦*$67'㸧ࡢ᪥ᮏ࡟࠾ࡅࡿࣜࢫࢡ᳨ウ⯟ἲࢩࢫࢸ࣒㡿ᇦ ͤྜྷཎ ㈗அ㸪㰻⸨ ா㸪ᫍ㔝ᑿ ୍᫂㸪⚟ᓥ Ⲯஅ௓㸪㰺⸨ ┿஧

1. ࡣࡌࡵ࡟GNSS ࡣ⯟✵ᶵࡢ඲࡚ࡢ㐠⯟ࣇ࢙࣮ࢬࢆࢧ࣏࣮ࢺྍ⬟࡞⯟ἲࢩࢫࢸ࣒࡜ࡋ࡚ᮇᚅࡉࢀ࡚࠸ࡿࠋ≉࡟㐍ධ╔㝣ࣇ࢙࣮ࢬࡣ㧗࠸Ᏻ඲ᛶࡀせồࡉࢀ㸪ᅜ㝿Ẹ㛫⯟✵ᶵ㛵㸦ICAO㸧ࡣᅜ㝿ᶆ‽࠾ࡼࡧ່࿌᪉ᘧ㸦SARPs㸧࡜ࡋ࡚㸪ࡑࡢᛶ⬟せ௳ࢆ⢭ᗘ㸪᏶඲ᛶ㸦࢖ࣥࢸࢢࣜࢸ࢕㸧㸪⥅⥆ᛶ㸦ࢥࣥࢸ࢕ࢽࣗ࢖ࢸ࢕㸧࠾ࡼࡧ᭷ຠᛶ㸦࢔࣋࢖ࣛࣅࣜࢸ࢕㸧࡜ࡋ࡚つᐃࡋ࡚࠸ࡿࠋGNSS ༢⊂౑⏝࡛ࡣࡇࢀࡽࡢせ௳ࢆ‶ࡓࡉ࡞࠸ࡀ㸪GBAS㸦GroundBased Augmentation System㸧ࡣ㸪1 ࿘Ἴࢹ࢕ࣇ࢓ࣞࣥࢩࣕࣝ GNSS఩᪉ᘧࢆᇶ♏࡜ࡋ࡚ࡇࢀࢆ⿵ᙉࡍࡿᆅୖᆺ⿵ᙉᆺࢩࢫࢸ࣒࡛࠶ࡿࠋỴ ᚰ 㧗 ᗘ 200ft ࡲ ࡛ ㄏ ᑟ ྍ ⬟ ࡞ ࢝ ࢸ ࢦ ࣜ I㸦CAT-I㸧ࡢ GBAS せ௳ࢆᐃࡵࡿ SARPs ࡣᖹᡂ 13 ᖺ࡟Ⓨຠࡋ࡚࠾ࡾᖹᡂ 24 ᖺ௨㝆㸪ࢻ࢖ࢶࡢࣈ࣮࣓ࣞࣥ✵ 㸪⡿ᅜࡢࢽ࣮ࣗ࢔࣮ࢡ✵ 㸪୪ࡧ࡟ࣄ࣮ࣗࢫࢺࣥ✵ ࡛㐠⏝ࡀ㛤ጞࡉࢀࡓࠋ୍᪉㸪GBAS ࡟ࡼࡿ࢝ࢸࢦࣜ III㸦CAT-III㸧㐠⯟ࡣ㸪ࡼࡾཝࡋ࠸Ᏻ඲ᛶࡀせồࡉࢀࡿࡓࡵ㸪
GNSS 㐠⯟࡟࠾ࡅࡿ᭱⤊ㄢ㢟࡜ࡋ࡚ṧࡉࢀ࡚࠸ࡿࡀ㸪ࡇࢀࡀᐇ⌧ࡉࢀࢀࡤ඲࡚ࡢ㐠⯟ࣇ࢙࣮ࢬࢆ GNSS ࡛ࢧ࣏࣮ࢺྍ⬟࡜࡞ࡿࠋ⌧ᅾ㸪GPS⾨ᫍಙྕࡢ 1 ࿘Ἴࢆ฼⏝ࡋ࡚ CAT-III ࢆᐇ⌧ࡍ
ࡿ GBAS ࡜ࡋ࡚㸪GAST-D㸦GBAS Approach
Service Type-D㸧ࡀᮇᚅࡉࢀ࡚࠸ࡿࠋᅜ㝿ᶆ‽᱌ࡢ⟇ᐃసᴗࡣ ICAO ࡢ⯟ἲࢩࢫࢸ࣒ࣃࢿࣝ
㸦NSP㸧సᴗ㒊఍࡛㐍ࡵࡽࢀ㸪ᖹᡂ 22 ᖺ 5 ᭶࡟ᮘୖ᳨ウ࡟ࡼࡿᢏ⾡᳨ドࡀ᏶஢ࡋࡓ SARPs
ཎ᱌[1, 2]ࡢ⟇ᐃࡀ࡞ࡉࢀ࡚௨㝆㸪⡿ᅜ㸪Ḣᕞཬࡧ᪥ᮏ࡞࡝࡛ GAST-D ᆅୖࣉࣟࢺࢱ࢖ࣉ〇సࢆྵࡵࡓ㐠⏝㠃࠿ࡽࡢ᳨ドάືࡀ⾜ࢃࢀ࡚࠸ࡿࠋ㟁Ꮚ⯟ἲ◊✲ᡤ㸦௨ୗ㸪ᙜ◊✲ᡤ㸧࡛ࡣ㸪ᖹ
ᡂ 20 ᖺᗘ࠿ࡽ 21 ᖺᗘ࡟࠿ࡅ࡚ CAT-I ࡢ GBAS
ࣉࣟࢺࢱ࢖ࣉࢆ㛤Ⓨࡋࡓࠋࡑࡇ࡛ࡣ㸪CAT-I ࢩࢫࢸ࣒ࡢᏳ඲ᛶタィ࡞ࡽࡧ࡟ホ౯ࢆ㏻ࡋ࡚Ᏻ඲ᛶゎᯒ㸪㟁㞳ᅪࢆྵࡴ᪥ᮏࡢ⎔ቃ࡟࠾ࡅࡿࣜࢫࢡࡢᢳฟཬࡧ㍍ῶࡢࡓࡵࡢࣔࢽࢱ᪉ᘧࡢ㛤Ⓨ㸪─9─ᐇ⿦ࢆ⾜ࡗࡓ[3]ࠋࡑࡢᚋ㸪CAT-I ࣉࣟࢺࢱ࢖ࣉࡣᖹᡂ 23 ᖺ 1 ᭶࡟㛵すᅜ㝿✵ ࡟タ⨨ࡉࢀ㸪㣕⾜ᐇ㦂ࡸ㛗ᮇࢹ࣮ࢱ཰㞟࡟฼⏝ࡉࢀ࡚࠸ࡿࠋ
GAST-D ࡟㛵ࡋ࡚ᙜ◊✲ᡤ࡛ࡣ㸪ICAO SARPsཎ᱌ࡢ⟇ᐃẁ㝵࠿ࡽḢ⡿࡜ࡣ␗࡞ࡿ᪥ᮏࡢタ⨨⎔ቃୗ࡛ၥ㢟࡜࡞ࡿࣉࣛࢬ࣐ࣂࣈࣝ࡜࿧ࡤࢀࡿ㟁㞳ᅪᨐ஘ࢆ୰ᚰ࡟᳨ウࢆ㛤ጞࡋࡓࠋࡑࡇ࡛ࡣ
GAST-D ࡛⪃៖ࡍ࡭ࡁ㟁㞳ᅪ㐜ᘏ㔞ࡢ✵㛫ⓗኚ໬㸦㟁㞳ᅪ✵㛫໙㓄㸧ࡢ኱ࡁࡉ㸪⛣ື㏿ᗘ࡞࡝ࡢ⠊ᅖࡀ཯ᫎࡉࢀࡿࡼ࠺㆟ㄽࡋ㸪GAST-D 㟁㞳ᅪ⬣ጾࣔࢹࣝ࡜ࡋ࡚⡿ᅜ࡞࡝࡜ඹྠ࡛ ICAONSP సᴗ㒊఍࡟ᥦ᱌ࡋࡓࠋᖹᡂ 24 ᖺ 3 ᭶࠿ࡽࡣ㸪ࡇࢀࡲ࡛ࡢ▱ぢࢆࡶ࡜࡟㸪ᡃࡀᅜࡢタ⨨⎔ቃ࡟ࡶ⪏࠼࠺ࡿᏳ඲ᛶタィ㸪ゎᯒᢏ⾡࡜ㄆドᡭἲࢆ☜❧ࡍࡿࡇ࡜㸪୪ࡧ࡟ᙜ◊✲ᡤࡀ⡿ᅜ࡞࡝࡜ඹྠᥦ᱌ࡋࡓ GAST-D 㟁㞳ᅪ⬣ጾࣔࢹࣝࡢጇᙜᛶ᳨ドࢆྵࡵࡓ SARPs ཎ᱌ࡢ᳨ド⤖ᯝࢆICAO ࡟ࣇ࢕࣮ࢻࣂࢵࢡࡍࡿࡇ࡜ࢆ┠ⓗ࡜ࡋ࡚
GAST-D ◊✲⏝ᆅୖ⿦⨨㛤Ⓨ࡟╔ᡭࡋࡓࠋᮏⓎ⾲࡛ࡣ㸪GAST-D ࡢᴫせ࡜࡜ࡶ࡟㸪GAST-D ࢆ᪥ᮏ࡟ᑟධࡍࡿ㝿࡟᳨ウࡍ࡭ࡁᆅୖ⿦⨨ࡢ࢖ࣥࢸࢢࣜࢸ࢕ࣜࢫࢡ࡟㛵ࡋ࡚㸪GAST-D ◊✲⏝ᆅୖ⿦⨨ࡢ㛤Ⓨ≧ἣ࡜࡜ࡶ࡟ሗ࿌ࡍࡿࠋ
2. GAST-D ࡢᴫせGBAS ࡣᅗ 1 ࡟♧ࡍࡼ࠺࡟㸪఩⨨ࡀ᪤▱࡛࠶ࡿ GPS ᇶ‽ᒁࢆ✵ ෆ࡟ 3㹼4 ྎタ⨨ࡋ࡚ GPS⾨ᫍࡢᨃఝ㊥㞳࡟ྵࡲࢀࡿ⾨ᫍ㌶㐨ㄗᕪࡸ㟁㞳ᅪ࠾ࡼࡧᑐὶᅪ㐜ᘏ࡜࠸ࡗࡓඹ㏻ㄗᕪࡢ⿵ṇ᝟ሗࢆ⏕ᡂࡋ㸪ࡑࡇ࡟ྵࡲࢀࡿṧ␃ㄗᕪ᝟ሗࢆ௜ຍࡋ࡚⿵ᙉ᝟ሗ࡜ࡋ㸪VHF ᖏ㟁Ἴ࡛㏦ಙࡍࡿࠋ⯟✵ᶵഃ࡛ࡣᆅୖ㏦ಙᒁ࠿ࡽཷಙࡋࡓ⿵ṇ᝟ሗ࠿ࡽ ఩ィ⟬ࢆ⾜࠺࡜࡜ࡶ࡟ࠊṧ␃ㄗᕪ᝟ሗ࠿
ࡽᶓ᪉ྥ㸦Lateral Protection Level; LPL㸧࠾ࡼ ࡧ ᆶ ┤ ಖ ㆤ ࣞ ࣋ ࣝ 㸦 Vertical ProtectionLevel; VPL㸧ࢆィ⟬ࡋ㸪ࡑࢀࡀᶓ᪉ྥ㸦LateralAlert Limit; LAL 㸧 ࠾ ࡼ ࡧ ᆶ ┤ ㆙ ሗ 㝈 ⏺
㸦Vertical Alert Limit; VAL㸧௨ୗ࡟཰ࡲࡗ࡚

電子航法研究所研究発表会（第 13 回平成 25 年６月）

SiS㸦Signal-in-Space㸧࡜ࡋ࡚ᐃࡵ㸪㟁㞳ᅪ␗ᖖ࡟㛵ࢃࡿ࢖ࣥࢸࢢࣜࢸ࢕ࣜࢫࢡࡣᆅୖഃ࡛ಖ
ドࡍ࡭ࡁࡶࡢ࡛࠶ࡗࡓࡀ㸪CAT-III ࡛ࡣ㟁㞳ᅪࣔࢽࢱࡢ୍㒊ࢆᶵୖഃ࡟⛣ㆡࡋࡓ⤖ᯝ㸪ᆅୖ࡜ᶵୖࡢ」ྜ࡟ࡼࡿᏳ඲ᛶಖド࡟኱ࡁࡃ᪉㔪㌿᥮ࡉࢀ㸪⯟✵ᶵࡢ⪏✵ド᫂ࡢせ௳࡟ࡶ㟁㞳ᅪ␗ᖖ࡟㛵ࢃࡿ஦㡯ࡀຍࢃࡗ࡚࠸ࡿࡼ࠺࡟࡞ࡗࡓ[9]ࠋ

ᅗ 1. GBAS ࡢᴫᛕᅗ࠸ࡿ࠿ࢆุᐃࡋ࡚ ఩ゎࡢಙ㢗ᛶࢆࣜ࢔ࣝࢱ࢖࣒ホ౯ࡍࡿ[4,5]ࠋ
GBAS ࡢ CAT-I 㐠⏝㛤ጞࡲ࡛ࡢୡ⏺ⓗ࡞⤒⦋࡜ࡋ࡚㸪SARPs Ⓨຠᚋ࡟ண᝿௨ୖࡢ㟁㞳ᅪ✵㛫໙㓄㸦㟁㞳ᅪ␗ᖖ㸧ࡀ☜ㄆࡉࢀ㸪ࡑࡢᚋࡢ FAA࡟࠾ࡅࡿ CAT-I ㄆドࡢ୺せㄢ㢟࡜࡞ࡗࡓࠋࡘࡲࡾ㸪⢭ᐦ㐍ධ╔㝣࡛ᢅ࠺ࡼ࠺࡞Ỉᖹࢫࢣ࣮ࣝࡀ
ᩘ 10km ࡢ⠊ᅖ࡟࠾࠸࡚ࡶ㸪Ỉᖹ᪉ྥ 1km ࠶ࡓࡾࡢ㟁㞳ᅪ㐜ᘏ㔞ࡢ✵㛫ኚ໬⋡࡜ࡋ࡚
400mm/km ⛬ᗘࡢ㟁㞳ᅪ✵㛫໙㓄ࡀࡶࡓࡽࡉࢀࡿࡇ࡜ࡀ᫂ࡽ࠿࡜࡞ࡾ㸪ࡑࢀࢆᆅୖഃ᳨࡛ฟ࡛ࡁ࡞࠸ሙྜ࡟㸪࡝ࡢࡼ࠺࡟⯟✵ᶵഃࡢᏳ඲ࢆಖドࡍࡿ࠿࡜࠸࠺ࡇ࡜ࡀㄢ㢟࡜࡞ࡗࡓࠋCAT-I࡟࠾࠸࡚ࡣ㸪ᆅୖ⿦⨨࡛㉳ࡇࡾᚓࡿ⯟✵ᶵഃࡢ఩ㄗᕪࢆࢩ࣑࣮ࣗࣞࢩࣙࣥࡋ㸪ᇶ‽௨ୖࡢ఩ㄗᕪࡀ⏕ࡌࡿྍ⬟ᛶࡢ࠶ࡿ GPS ⾨ᫍࡢ⤌ྜࡏࢆ᤼㝖ࡍࡿࢪ࣓࢜ࢺ࣭ࣜࢫࢡ࣮ࣜࢽࣥࢢ[6]࡜࿧ࡤࢀࡿᡭἲࢆᑟධࡋࡓࠋࡲࡓ㸪ᙜ◊✲ᡤࡢCAT-I ᆅୖࣉࣟࢺࢱ࢖ࣉ࡛ࡣ㟁㞳ᅪࣇ࢕࣮ࣝࢻ
ࣔࢽࢱ㸦IFM㸧ࢆỴᚰ㧗ᗘ࡟┦ᙜࡍࡿᆅⅬࡢ┤ୗ௜㏆࡟タ⨨ࡋ࡚ᖖ᫬㸪GPS ᇶ‽ᒁ࡜ࡢ㛫࡛㟁㞳ᅪ✵㛫໙㓄ࢆࣔࢽࢱࡍࡿᡭἲࢆ᥇⏝ࡋ࡚ࢪ࣓࢜ࢺ࣭ࣜࢫࢡ࣮ࣜࢽࣥࢢ࡟࠾࠸࡚⪃៖ࡍ࡭ࡁ₯ᅾⓗ࡞ㄗᕪపῶࢆᅗࡿᚲせࡀ࠶ࡗࡓ[3]ࠋ
ࡑࡇ࡛㸪ࡼࡾ㧗࠸Ᏻ඲ᛶせ௳ࡀ㐺⏝ࡉࢀࡿCAT-III ࡛ࡣ᪩࠸ẁ㝵࠿ࡽ CAT-I ࡢᘏ㛗⟇࡛ࡣ≉࡟࢔࣋࢖ࣛࣅࣜࢸ࢕☜ಖࡀᅔ㞴࡜ண᝿ࡉࢀ㸪⯟✵ᶵഃ࡟ࡶᇶ‽௨ୖࡢ㟁㞳ᅪ␗ᖖࢆ᳨ฟࡍࡿ࢖ࣥࢸࢢࣜࢸ࢕ࣔࢽࢱࢆ⿦ഛࡋ㸪ᆅୖ࡜ᶵୖࡢ㐃ᦠ࡛㟁㞳ᅪ␗ᖖࡢ࢖ࣥࢸࢢࣜࢸ࢕ࣜࢫࢡపῶ
ࢆᅗࡿࡇ࡜ࡀᥦၐࡉࢀࡓ[7, 8]ࠋCAT-I GBAS ࡢࡼ࠺࡟ᚑ᮶ࡣ㸪ᆅୖཬࡧᶵୖ⿦⨨ࡢศ⏺Ⅼࢆ

3. GAST-D SARPs ཎ᱌⌧⾜ࡢ SARPs ࡟࠾ࡅࡿ GBAS せ௳ࡢグ㏙ࡣᆶ┤࢞࢖ࢲࣥࢫ௜࢔ࣉ࣮ࣟࢳ㸦APV-I㸪APV-II㸧ཬࡧ CAT-I ࡜࡞ࡗ࡚࠸ࡿࡀ㸪ࡇࢀ࡟ CAT-III ࢆຍ࠼࡚㸪GAST-D SARPs ཎ᱌࡛ࡣࡇࢀࡽࢆGAST㸦GBAS Service Approach Type㸧࡜ࡋ࡚㸪
GAST-A㹼D ࡟෌ᐃ⩏ࡋ࡚࠸ࡿࠋࡍ࡞ࢃࡕ㸪GBAS ᆅୖ͆ࢧࣈࢩࢫࢸ࣒͇࡜ᶵୖ͆ࢧࣈࢩࢫࢸ࣒͇ࡢᥦ౪ྍ⬟࡞ࢧ࣮ࣅࢫࡢ⤌ྜࡏ࡛᭱⤊ⓗ࡟⯟✵ᶵࡀ฼⏝ྍ⬟࡞ࢧ࣮ࣅࢫࡀỴᐃࡍࡿࠋ౛
࠼ࡤ㸪GAST-D ࡛╔㝣ࡍࡿࡓࡵ࡟ࡣ㸪ᆅୖཬࡧᶵୖ⿦ഛ࡜ࡶ࡟ GAST-D ᑐᛂ࡛࡞ࡅࢀࡤ࡞ࡽ
࡞࠸ࠋࡲࡓ㸪GAST-D せ௳ࡣ GAST-C せ௳ࢆ඲࡚‶㊊ࡋࡓୖ࡛㸪╔㝣ᚋ࡟⁥㉮㊰ࢆ㞳⬺ࡍࡿ࣮ࣟࣝ࢔࢘ࢺࡲ࡛ࢆࢧ࣏࣮ࢺྍ⬟࡞つ᱁࡜࡞ࡗ࡚࠸ࡿࠋ⌧⾜ࡢ SARPs ࡟㏣グ࣭ಟṇࡍࡿᙧែ࡛㸪
GAST-D ࡢᏳ඲ᛶ࡟㛵ࢃࡿつᐃࡸ࣓ࢵࢭ࣮ࢪ㏣ຍ㸦Type11 ࡢ᪂タཬࡧ Type2 ࡢ㏣ຍࣈࣟࢵࢡ㸧࡜ࡑࡢฎ⌮᪉ἲ࡞࡝ࡀ GAST-D SARPs ཎ᱌࡜ࡋ࡚ࡲ࡜ࡵࡽࢀ࡚࠸ࡿࡀ㸪ᴫせࡸ⫼ᬒ࡜࡞ࡗ࡚࠸ࡿ⪃࠼᪉࡞࡝ࡣࢥࣥࢭࣉࢺ࣭࣮࣌ࣃ࣮࡜࿧ࡤ
ࢀࡿูࡢᩥ᭩࡜ࡋ࡚ࡲ࡜ࡵࡽࢀ࡚࠸ࡿ[2]ࠋ
GAST-D ࡢᏳ඲ᛶಖドࡢ࠺ࡕ࢖ࣥࢸࢢࣜࢸ࢕࡟㛵ࡍࡿᆅୖࢧࣈࢩࢫࢸ࣒࡟㛵㐃ࡋࡓせ௳ࡢ୺࡞≉ᚩ࡜ࡋ࡚ࡣ㸪௨ୗࡀᣲࡆࡽࢀࡿࠋ㸦1㸧㟁㞳ᅪ␗ᖖ௨እࡢ࢖ࣥࢸࢢࣜࢸ࢕ࣜࢫࢡz CAT-I ࡜ྠᵝࡢ⪃࠼᪉࡟ᇶ࡙ࡁ㸪ᆅୖࢧࣈࢩࢫࢸ࣒ࡀᨺ㏦ࡍࡿṧ␃ㄗᕪ᝟ሗࢆ⏝࠸࡚⯟✵ᶵഃࡀಖㆤࣞ࣋ࣝࢆィ⟬ࡋ㸪㆙ሗ㝈⏺࡜ẚ㍑ࡋ࡚ ఩ゎࡢಙ㢗ᛶࢆุᐃࡍࡿࠋᆅୖࢧࣈࢩࢫࢸ࣒࠿ࡽᨺ㏦ࡍࡿṧ␃ㄗᕪ᝟ሗࡢ୍㒊ࡣ GAST-D ⏝࣓ࢵࢭ࣮
ࢪ࡜ࡋ࡚㏣ຍࡉࢀ࡚࠸ࡿࠋz ᆅୖࢧࣈࢩࢫࢸ࣒ࡢࣁ࣮ࢻ࢙࢘࢔㸪࢔ࣝࢦࣜࢬ࣒ࡢ࢖ࣥࢸࢢࣜࢸ࢕ࡣ 1-110-9
࡜つᐃࡉࢀࡓࠋ

─ 10 ─

電子航法研究所研究発表会（第 13 回平成 25 年６月）

z ᚑ᮶ࡢ 100 ⛊ࢫ࣒࣮ࢪࣥࢢᨃఝ㊥㞳࡟ຍ࠼࡚㸪30 ⛊ࢫ࣒࣮ࢪࣥࢢᨃఝ㊥㞳ࡢ⿵ᙉ᝟ሗࢆᑟධࡋ㸪ࡑࡢ 30 ⛊ࢫ࣒࣮ࢪࣥࢢᨃ
ఝ㊥㞳࡟ GPS ⾨ᫍᨾ㞀࡞࡝࡛␗ᖖࡀ࡞
࠸ࡇ࡜ࢆಖドࡍࡿࣔࢽࢱせ௳ࡀ௜ࡉࢀࡓࠋ
㸦2㸧㟁㞳ᅪ␗ᖖ㛵㐃ࡢ࢖ࣥࢸࢢࣜࢸ࢕ࣜࢫࢡz ⿵ᙉ᝟ሗ࡟ྵࡲࢀࡿ㟁㞳ᅪ␗ᖖ࡟㉳ᅉࡍࡿࣞࣥࢪㄗᕪࡀ⁥㉮㊰➃࡛ 1.5m ௨ୗ࡛࠶ࡿࡇ࡜ࢆᆅୖࢧࣈࢩࢫࢸ࣒ࡀಖドࡍࡿࠋz GBAS ᇶ‽ᒁ࠿ࡽ⁥㉮㊰➃ࡲ࡛ࡢ㊥㞳ࢆ
5 km ෆ࡜ࡍࡿࢧ࢖ࢸ࢕ࣥࢢせ௳ࡢᑟධࠋ
㸦3㸧㆙ሗ࡟せࡍࡿ᫬㛫࡞࡝z ࢱ࢖࣒࣮ࣜ࡟㆙ሗࢆⓎࡍࡿࡓࡵࡢせ௳࡛࠶ࡿ TTA㸦Time-to-alert㸧࡟㛵ࡋ࡚㸪ᆅୖࢧࣈࢩࢫࢸ࣒ࡢࣁ࣮ࢻ࢙࢘࢔ᨾ㞀࡟㛵ࡍࡿࡶࡢࢆู࡟ᢅ࠸㸪1.5 ⛊௨ෆ࡜ࡋࡓࠋz ᆅୖࢧࣈࢩࢫࢸ࣒࡛ࣔࢽࢱࡍ࡭ࡁ 30 ⛊ࢫ࣒࣮ࢪࣥࢢᨃఝ㊥㞳࡟␗ᖖ㸪ࡲࡓࡣᆅୖ࡛ಖドࡍ࡭ࡁ㟁㞳ᅪ␗ᖖࡀ࠶ࡗࡓሙྜ
࡟ 1.5 ⛊௨ෆ࡟᳨ฟࡋ࡚ᨺ㏦࡟཯ᫎࡍࡿࠋ
࡞࠾㸪㟁㞳ᅪ␗ᖖ࡟㛵㐃ࡋ࡚⯟✵ᶵୖ࡛ࡣᆅୖ
ࢧࣈࢩࢫࢸ࣒࠿ࡽᨺ㏦ࡉࢀࡓ 100 ⛊ཬࡧ 30 ⛊ࢫ࣒࣮ࢪࣥࢢᨃఝ㊥㞳ࢆ౑⏝ࡋ࡚㸪ࡑࢀࡒࢀࡢ఩ゎࢆ⟬ฟࡋ㸪ࡑࡢ஋㞳ࡢ኱ࡁࡉࢆࣔࢽࢱࡋ࡚࠸ࡿࠋ㟁㞳ᅪ✵㛫໙㓄ࡀᏑᅾࡋࡓሙྜ࡟ࡣ㸪ࢫ࣒࣮ࢪࣥࢢ᫬㛫࡟ࡼࡗ࡚ᨃఝ㊥㞳⿵ṇ್࡟⌧ࢀࡿᙳ㡪ࡢ኱ࡁࡉࡀ␗࡞ࡿࡇ࡜࠿ࡽ㸪୧⪅ࡢ఩ゎࡢ஋㞳ࡀつᐃ್௨ୖࡢሙྜ࡟ࡣ␗ᖖ࡜ุ᩿ࡍࡿࠋࡲࡓ㸪ࡇࡢ஋㞳ࡣ᭱⤊ⓗ࡞ಖㆤࣞ࣋ࣝ࡟ຍ⟬ࡉࢀࡿࠋ⯟✵ᶵୖ࡟ࡣ SAPRs ཎ᱌ࡢ௚࡟ࡶ㸪㟁㞳ᅪࣔࢽࢱ➼ࡢᦚ㍕ࡀつᐃࡉࢀ࡚࠸ࡿ[5]ࠋ
3.GAST-D ◊✲⏝ᆅୖ⿦⨨㛤Ⓨ࡜ࣜࢫࢡ᳨ウᙜ◊✲ᡤࡣḟࡢ 2 ࡘࡢどⅬ࠿ࡽ㸪ᖹᡂ 23 ᖺ 3᭶ࡼࡾ GAST-D ◊✲⿦⨨ࡢ㛤Ⓨ࡟╔ᡭࡋ࡚࠸ࡿࠋࡲࡎ㸪ձGAST-D SARPs ཎ᱌࡟࠾ࡅࡿᆅୖࢧࣈࢩࢫࢸ࣒せ௳࡟ࡘ࠸࡚㸪᪥ᮏࡢ⎔ቃୗ࡟࠾ࡅࡿᐇ⌧ྍ⬟ᛶ࡜ጇᙜᛶࡢ᳨ドࢆࡋ㸪ICAO࡟ࣇ࢕࣮ࢻࣂࢵࢡࡍࡿࠋḟ࡟㸪ղࡼࡾ㧗࠸Ᏻ඲ᛶせ௳ࢆ‶ࡓࡍࡓࡵࡢᏳ඲ᛶホ౯࡟㛵ࢃࡿㄢ㢟ᢳฟ࡜ゎỴ⟇ࡢᥦ♧࡛࠶ࡿࠋGAST-D ◊✲⏝ᆅୖ⿦⨨ࡢ㛤Ⓨࡣ㸪CAT-I ࣉࣟࢺࢱ࢖ࣉࡢ㛤Ⓨ࡜ྠᵝ࡟㸪Ᏻ඲ᛶ࡟㛵ࡍࡿド᫂࡜ᇶᮏⓗ࡞Ᏻ඲ᛶㄆドࡢࣉࣟࢭࢫ࡟ࡘ࠸࡚ࡣ㸪SAE㸦Society ofAutomotive Engineers, Inc.㸧ࡢᏳ඲ᛶㄆド࡟࠾ࡅࡿᏳ඲ᛶホ౯࠾ࡼࡧ᳨ドࡢ⪃࠼᪉࡜ᡭ㡰[10, 11]ࢆཧ⪃࡟㸪ࢩࢫࢸ࣒タィ࣭〇㐀࡜Ᏻ඲ᛶホ౯ࢆ୍య࡜ࡋࡓᡭ㡰࡜ࡋࡓࠋලయⓗ࡟ࡣ㸪〇㐀⪅࡜Ᏻ඲ᛶタィ᳨ド఍㆟ࢆ 3 㐌㛫ࡢ㢖ᗘ࡛㛤ദࡋ࡚ணഛⓗᏳ඲ᛶゎᯒ㸦Preliminary System
Safety Assessment; PSSA㸧ࡸ࢖ࣥࢸࢢࣜࢸ࢕ࣔࢽࢱࡢ࢔ࣝࢦࣜࢬ㛤Ⓨ㸪᳨ド࡞࡝ࢆᐇ᪋ࡋ࡚࠸ࡿࠋ࡞࠾㸪◊✲⏝⿦⨨࡛࠶ࡿࡓࡵࢯࣇࢺ࢙࢘࢔ࡢ࢖ࣥࢸࢢࣜࢸ࢕ಖドࡸࣁ࣮ࢻ࢙࢘࢔෕㛗ᵓᡂࡣලഛࡏࡎ㸪ᑗ᮶ࡢᣑᙇᛶࢆ⪃៖ࡋ࡚ SBAS
ᨃఝ㊥㞳ࡢ฼⏝ࡸ㸪㟁㞳ᅪ␗ᖖࡢ஦ᚋ᳨ド⏝࡟
2 ࿘Ἴࢹ࣮ࢱࡢྲྀᚓ㸦࣓ࢵࢭ࣮ࢪ⏕ᡂࡣ
L1-C/A1 ࿘Ἴ฼⏝㸧ࡀྍ⬟࡞௙ᵝ࡜࡞ࡗ࡚࠸ࡿࠋ
GAST-D SARPs ཎ᱌࡟ᑐࡍࡿ᪥ᮏࡢ⎔ቃୗ᳨࡛ウࡍ࡭ࡁ஦㡯࡜ࡋ࡚㸪≉࡟௒ᅇ⊂⮬ࡢどⅬ࠿ࡽྲྀࡾ⤌ࡴࡇ࡜࡜ࡋࡓㄢ㢟ࢆ௨ୗ࡟ᣲࡆࡿࠋ㸦1㸧㟁㞳ᅪ໙㓄ࣔࢽࢱ
㏻ᖖ㸪ᩘ 100m ⛬ᗘࡢᇶ⥺㛗࡜࡞ࡿ GPSᇶ‽ᒁ㛫࡛㟁㞳ᅪ␗ᖖࢆ᳨ฟࡍࡿᚲせࡀ࠶ࡿࡓࡵ㸪ᚤᑠ࡞㟁㞳ᅪ㐜ᘏࡢ✵㛫ᕪ㸦౛࠼ࡤᇶ⥺㛗 200m ࡛ 60mm ࡢ㐜ᘏᕪ㸧ࢆᦙ㏦Ἴ఩┦ほ ್ࡢ฼⏝᳨࡛ฟࡍࡿᚲせࡀ࠶ࡿࠋ⡿ᅜ࡛ᥦ᱌ࡉࢀ㸪୺ὶ࡜࡞ࡗ࡚࠸ࡿࣔࢽࢱ᪉ᘧ[12]࡜ࡣ␗࡞ࡿ IFM ࢔ࣝࢦࣜࢬ࣒ࢆᣑᙇࡋࡓࣔ
ࢽࢱ᪉ᘧ[13]ࢆタィ㸪ᐇ⿦ࡍࡿࠋ
㸦2㸧」ᩘཷಙᶵᨾ㞀ࣔࢽࢱ
SARPs ཎ᱌࡛ࡣ GPS ཷಙᶵᨾ㞀࡟㛵ࡋ࡚ᨾ㞀⋡࡜ 1 ཷಙᶵᨾ㞀ࢆ᝿ᐃࡋࡓᑐ⟇ࢆつᐃࡋ࡚࠸ࡿࡀ㸪ᑗ᮶ⓗ࡞ㄢ㢟࡜ࡋ࡚㸪」ᩘཷಙ
ᶵᨾ㞀ࢆ᳨ฟࡍࡿࣔࢽࢱ᪉ᘧࢆタィ㸪ᐇ⿦ࡍࡿࠋ⁥㉮㊰ࡸㄏᑟ㊰࡞࡝✵ ෆࣞ࢖࢔࢘ࢺࡢ
ไ⣙࡛タ⨨せ௳ࢆ‶ࡓࡍᇶ‽ᒁ㓄⨨ࡀᅔ㞴࡞ሙྜࡢࣜࢫࢡ㍍ῶ⟇࡜ࡋ࡚㸪」ᩘཷಙᶵ࡟┦㛵ᛶࡢ࠶ࡿ࣐ࣝࢳࣃࢫྠ᫬ධᑕ㸦ᨃఝ㊥㞳ࡢ␗ᖖ㸧ࡀ࠶ࡗࡓሙྜࡢ␗ᖖ᳨ฟࡶྵࡴࠋ
㸦3㸧✚㞷࣭╔㞷ࣜࢫࢡゎᯒ᪂༓ṓ✵ ࡸ㟷᳃✵ ࡢࡼ࠺࡟✚㞷ᆅᖏ࡛ࡣ㸪ᅗ 2 ࡢࡼ࠺࡟✚㞷㠃࠿ࡽࡢ཯ᑕἼ࡟ࡼࡿ࣐ࣝࢳࣃࢫᖸ΅ࣃࢱ࣮ࣥࡀ✚㞷㠃ࡢ㧗ࡉࡸ⾲ᒙࡢ≧ែ࡟ࡼࡾኚ໬ࡍࡿࡇ࡜ࡀண᝿ࡉࢀࡿࠋࡲࡓ㸪GPS ࢔ࣥࢸࢼ࡬ࡢ╔㞷࡟ࡘ࠸࡚ࡶ GPSಙྕ㐜ᘏࡢᙳ㡪࡟ࡼࡾ㸪౛࠼ࡤᚤᑠ࡞㟁㞳ᅪ㐜ᘏࡢ✵㛫ᕪࢆ᳨ฟࡍࡿ㟁㞳ᅪ໙㓄ࣔࢽࢱࡢ─ 11 ─

電子航法研究所研究発表会（第 13 回平成 25 年６月）

ཧ⪃ᩥ⊩[1] T. Murphy ௚ , “Development Baselineᅗ 2㸬✚㞷࣭╔㞷࡟㛵ࢃࡿᙳ㡪ホ౯ࡢࡓࡵࡢᐇ㦂ㄗ᳨ฟࡢཎᅉ࡜࡞ࡿࠋࡑࡢࡓࡵ㸪⊂❧⾜ᨻἲே㜵⅏⛉Ꮫᢏ⾡◊✲ᡤ࡜ඹྠ࡛✚㞷㸪╔㞷࡟㛵ࢃࡿᙳ㡪ホ౯ࡢࡓࡵࡢᐇ㦂ࢆᐇ᪋ࡋ࡚࠸ࡿࠋ
௚࡟ࡶ㸪SARPs ཎ᱌࡛ 30 ⛊ࢫ࣒࣮ࢪࣥࢢᨃఝ
㊥㞳⿵ṇ್ࡢ࢖ࣥࢸࢢࣜࢸ࢕ࢆಖドࡍࡿࡓࡵࡢࣔࢽࢱせ௳ࡀ᪂ࡓ࡟つᐃࡉࢀࡓಙྕṍ㸪CCD
㸦Code Carrier Divergence㸧㸪㐣๫ຍ㏿ᗘཬࡧ࢚ࣇ࢙࣓ࣜࢫ␗ᖖࣔࢽࢱ㸪୪ࡧ࡟㏆ᖺၥ㢟࡜࡞ࡗ࡚࠸ࡿ㟁Ἴᖸ΅㸦RFI㸧ࢆ᳨ฟࡍࡿࣔࢽࢱࡶ㸪≉࡟㔜せ࡞࢖ࣥࢸࢢࣜࢸ࢕ࣔࢽࢱ࡜ࡋ࡚ CAT-Iࡢ▱ぢࢆά⏝ࡋ࡚タィ㸪ᐇ⿦ࢆ㐍ࡵ࡚࠸ࡿࠋ
5. ࡲ࡜ࡵGPS ࡢ 1 ࿘Ἴಙྕࢆ฼⏝ࡋ࡚ CAT-III ࢆᐇ⌧ࡍࡿ GBAS ࡜ࡋ࡚ᮇᚅࡉࢀ㸪Ᏻ඲ᛶせ௳ࢆᐃࡵࡓ SARPs ཎ᱌ࡢ⟇ᐃసᴗࡀᖹᡂ 22 ᖺ 5 ᭶࡟᏶஢ࡋ㸪㐠⏝㠃ࡶྵࡵࡓ᳨ドάື࡟⛣⾜ࡋ࡚࠸ࡿࠋᙜ◊✲ᡤ࡛ࡣ㸪ᖹᡂ 24 ᖺ 3 ᭶ࡼࡾᡃࡀᅜࡢ⎔ቃୗ࡛ࡢᐇ⌧ྍ⬟ᛶཬࡧጇᙜᛶ᳨ド࡜㸪Ᏻ඲ᛶホ౯࡟㛵ࢃࡿㄢ㢟ᢳฟ࡜ゎỴ⟇ࢆᥦ♧ࡍࡿࡇ࡜ࢆ┠ⓗ࡜ࡋࡓ GAST-D ◊✲⏝ᆅୖ⿦⨨ࡢ㛤Ⓨ࡟╔ᡭࡋ㸪࡜ࡾࢃࡅ㸪㟁㞳ᅪ໙㓄ࣔࢽࢱ㸪」ᩘ
ཷಙᶵᨾ㞀ࣔࢽࢱ㸪୪ࡧ࡟✚㞷࣭╔㞷ࣜࢫࢡࡢ᳨ウࡣ⊂⮬ࡢどⅬ࠿ࡽᐇ᪋ࡋ࡚࠸ࡿࠋGAST-D◊✲⏝ᆅୖ⿦⨨࡟ࡘ࠸࡚ࡣ㸪ᖹᡂ 25 ᖺ 9 ᭶࡟〇㐀ࡀ᏶஢ࡋ㸪ࡑࡢᚋ㸪᪂▼ᇉ✵ ࡟タ⨨ࡋ࡚ᖹᡂ 26 ᖺᗘ࠿ࡽ㣕⾜ᐇ㦂࡟ࡼࡿホ౯࡜࡜ࡶ࡟㛗ᮇࢹ࣮ࢱ཰㞟࡟ࡼࡾ㸪༴㝤࡞஦㇟ࡀⓎ⏕ࡋ࡞࠸ࡇ࡜ࢆ☜ㄆࡍࡿ HMI ゎᯒࢆᐇ᪋ࡍࡿணᐃ࡛
࠶ࡿࠋࡲࡓ㸪ࡇࢀࡽࡢάື࡟ࡼࡾᚓࡽࢀࡓᡂᯝࡣ㸪㟁㞳ᅪ⬣ጾࣔࢹࣝࡢ᳨ド࡜࡜ࡶ࡟ ICAONSP సᴗ㒊఍࡛ࡢ SARPs ཎ᱌ࡢ᳨ドάື࡟✚ᴟⓗ࡟ࣇ࢕࣮ࢻࣂࢵࢡࡍࡿணᐃ࡛࠶ࡿࠋ

SARPs Proposal”, ICAO/NSP WGW Flimsy
29, 2010 ᖺ 5 ᭶[2] J. Burns ௚,”Conceptual Framework forthe proposal for GBAS to Support CAT IIIOperations”, ICAO/NSP WGW Flimsy6, 2009ᖺ 11 ᭶[3] ⚟ᓥ௚㸪͆⾨ᫍ⯟ἲ࡟ࡼࡿ⢭ᐦ㐍ධ╔㝣ࢩࢫࢸ࣒ࡢ㛤Ⓨ࡜Ᏻ඲ᛶࡢಖド͇㸪ಙᏛㄽ㸪Vol.
J94-B㸪No.7㸪2011 ᖺ 7 ᭶[4] ICAO SARPs, Annex 10 (87), 2012 ᖺ 11 ᭶
[5]RTCA SC-159,RTCA/Do-253C,2008 ᖺ 12 ᭶
[6] S. Ramakrishnan ௚, “Targeted Ephemeris
Decorrelation Parameter Inflation for
Improved LAAS Availability during Severe
Ionosphere Anomalies”, Proc. of ION NTM
2008, 2008 ᖺ 1 ᭶[7] T. Murphy ௚, “Mitigation of Ionospheric
Gradient Threats for GBAS to Support CAT
II/III͇㸪Proc. of ION GNSS 2006, 2006 ᖺ 9 ᭶[8] C. Shively, “Treatment of Faulted
Navigation Sensor Error when Assessing
Risk of Unsafe Landing for CAT IIIB LAAS”,
Proc. of ION GNSS 2006, 2006 ᖺ 9 ᭶[9] T. Murphy ௚, “Fault Modeling for GBAS
Airworthiness Assessments”, NAVIGATION,
Vol. 59, No. 2, 2012 ᖺ[10] “Certification considerations for highlyintegrated or complex aircraft systems”, SAE
international, Warrendale, PA, 1996 ᖺ 11 ᭶
[11] “Guidlines and methods for conducting
the safety assessment process on civil
airborne systems and equipment”, SAE
international, Warrendale, PA, 1996 ᖺ 12 ᭶
[12] S. Khanafseh ௚ , “Carrier PhaseIonospheric Gradient Ground Monitor for
GBAS with Experimental Validation”, Proc.
of ION GNSS 2010, 2010 ᖺ 9 ᭶[13] S. Saito ௚ , “Absolute Gradient
Monitoring for GAST-D with a Singlefrequency Carrier-phase Based and Codeaided Technique”, Proc. of ION GNSS 2012,2012 ᖺ 9 ᭶─ 12 ─