FNCA MUTATION BREEDING MANUALFOREWORD

1PART I: ESSENTIAL BASIC INFORMATION
1. AN OVERVIEW OF THE METHODS OF CROP IMPROVEMENT
2. MOLECULAR BASIS OF MUTATION : THE NUCLEUS, CHROMOSOMES AND DNA
2.1 THE NUCLEUS
2.2 THE CHROMOSOMES
2.3 THE GENES
2.4 THE DNA
3. MUTAGENESIS
3-1 RADIATION MUTAGENESIS
3.1.1 GAMMA RAYS
3.1.2 UV RAYS
3.1.3 BETA PARTICLES
3.1.4 NEUTRONS
3.1.5 ION BEAMS
3-2 CHEMICAL MUTAGENS
3.2.1 BASE ANALOGUES AND RELATED COMPOUNDS
3.2.2 ANTIBIOTICS
3.2.3 ALKYLATING AGENTS
3.2.4 AZIDE
4. OTHER MECHANISMS OF MUTAGENESIS
4.1 GENETIC CONSTITUTION
4.2 PHYSIOLOGICAL CONDITIONS
5. CELL CYCLE
5.1 MITOSISPROPHASE
PROMETAPHASE
METAPHASE
ANAPHASETELOPHASE
5.2 MEIOSIS I
PROPHASE I
LEPTOTENE
ZYGOTENE
PACHYTENEDIPLOTENEDIAKINESISPROMETAPHASE
METAPHASE I
ANAPHASE ITELOPHASE
INTERKINESIS
5.3 MEIOSIS IIPROPHASE IIMETAPHASE II
ANAPHASE IITELOPHASE II
6. SPOROGENESIS AND FERTILIZATION366688121212131313131313131414151515161718181818181820202020202020202020202020202121227. EFFECTS OF IONIZING RADIATION
7.1 RADIATION EFFECTS ON DNA
7.2 RADIATION EFFECTS ON CHROMOSOME STRUCTURE
7.3 EFFECTS OF RADIATION ON MITOTIC APPARATUS
8. PLANT BIOTECHNOLOGY (IN VITRO CULTURE)
9. DOSE DETERMINATION OF RADIATIONS
10. TREATMENT METHODS OF RADIATIONS
10.1 RADIATION TREATMENT
WHOLE PLANT
POLLEN GRAINSCULTURED CELLS AND TISSUESDEVELOPMENT OF CHIMERAMERISTEM
10.2 CHEMICAL TREATMENTETHYL METHANE SULPHONATE (EMS) TREATMENT FOR SEEDSSODIUM AZIDE (NAM3) TREATMENT FOR SEEDS
11. HANDLING OF THE TREATED MATERIALS AND THEIR SUCCEEDING GENERATIONS
11.1 CHLOROPHYLL AND MORPHOLOGICAL MUTATION IN THE M2 GENERATION
11.2 BULK METHOD
11.3 PEDIGREE METHODS
11.4 HOW THE MUTANTS ARE SELECTED
11.5 HOW TO DETERMINE WHETHER A VARIANT IS A MUTANT OR CONTAMINANT
11.6 ASEXUALLY PROPAGATED CROPS
11.7 YIELD TESTING OF MUTANTS

242424252628292929303030303535353740424242424343PART II: APPLIED MUTATION BREEDING1. COMMODITY I : CEREALS
1.1 RICE MUTATION BREEDINGINTRODUCTIONMATERIALSMETHODOLOGYHANDLING OF M1 GENERATION
a. TREATMENT CLASS
b. HARVESTING SCHEME
c. SCREENING/SELECTION METHODSCONCEPT OF RESISTANT/TOLERANT SCREENING (SURVIVAL SCREENING)
SCREENING BY MEASUREMENTFURTHER EXAMPLES OF MUTANT EVALUATIONGRAIN QUALITY EVALUATIONMETHODOLOGY
a. MILLING POTENTIALS
b. PHYSICAL ATTRIBUTES
c. PHYSICO-CHEMICAL CHARACTERISTICS
d. COOKING PARAMETERS AND SENSORY EVALUATION OF MILLED RICE
1.2 MUTATION BREEDING IN WHEATINTRODUCTIONOBJECTIVES FOR MUTATION BREEDING
MATERIALS AND METHODOLOGY
MATERIALS
METHODOLOGIES
2. COMMODITY II: LEGUMES

46464653535454545656565757575959606161616262626263BREEDING MUNGBEAN
3. COMMODITY III : ASEXUALLY PROPAGATED ORNAMENTALSINTRODUCTIONOBJECTIVES
3.1 CUTFLOWER ORNAMENTALSMURRAYA EXOTICADRACAENA SANDERIANA
3.2 ORNAMENTAL PINEAPPLEINTRODUCTION
MATERIALS AND METHOD
a. MATERIALSb. IN VITRO CULTURE APPROACH
c. IRRADIATION TREATMENT
d. GROWING OF MV1 GENERATIONe. GROWING OF MV2 GENERATION
3.3 CHRYSANTHEMUM
3.4 CANNAPART III: CELL AND MOLECULAR BIOTECHNOLOGY TECHNIQUES IN MUTATIONBREEDINGDNA ANALYSIS ON ORCHID MUTANTSMETHODDNA ISOLATIONMATERIALS AND REAGENTSRAPD ANALYSISOLIGONUCLEOTIDE 10BP PRIMERS
REACTION(PCR KIT)PCR PROGRAMMEGEL ELECTROPHORESISMETHODOLOGY FOR IN VITRO MUTAGENESIS OF ORCHIDSBREEDING TECHNIQUES OF MUTATION INDUCTION COMBINED WITH TISSUE CULTURE
FOR CHRYSANTHEMUMPROCEDURE OF RAPID PROPAGATION WITH TISSUE CULTURE FOR OVARY OFGLADIOLUS GANDAVENSISMICROPROJECTILE BOMBARDMENT FOR MAIZE TRANSFORMATIONANTHER CULTURE OF RICE

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REFERENCES

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LIST OF CONTRIBUTORS

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LIST OF REGIONAL NUCLEAR COOPERATION FOR ASIA (AGRICULTURE) CONTACTPERSONS/ FORUM FOR NUCLEAR COOPERATION IN ASIA PROJECT LEADERS (19932004)

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THE LIST OF PARTICIPANTS FOR RNCA SEMINAR AND FNCA WORKSHOP, 1993-2004

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PRACTICAL SUGGESTIONS for MUTATION BREEDING
Notes for a Laboratory ManualIntroductionMethods of crop improvement
Gene structure
Mutagens
Dominant / recessiveExtra-information
Extra Suggestions
Selection method(Visualization of mutant segregation)
Additional Information
1. Rice
Some mutants for hybrid rice system
The use of mutation breeding in Japanese rice
Mutants screened in M1 panicle
Mutant character selectable in M2 generation
Use of viable and fertile mutant as marker gene
Some examples of rice mutation experiments
Starch mutant in rice
2. Barley and wheat
Mutant segregation and screening work
3. Maize
Mutagenesis in maize (Chimerism)
Mutagenesis in maize (mutagen)4. Tomato (also Capsicum peppers etc)
Mutagenesis in tomato and Capsicum
5. Cucumber and melons
Mutagenesis in cucumber
6. Chrysanthemum
Chrysanthemum is preferred flower all over the world.
7. Difficult Crops
Orchid and other examples
8. Self incompatible crops
9. Beans
Some examples of soy-bean and sesame mutants
10. Callus culture
Callus activation of retro-transposon
11. Fruit Trees
Induced mutation in fruit tree
12. World facilities
13. Plant for fundamental research
14. Use of chemical mutagen, EMS
15. References

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