)*$ J. Hot Spring Sci. 0* +0+ῌ+10 ,*+*

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2,1

Investigation of the Inﬂuence of Lift Pump
Installation Based on the “Guideline for
the Protection of Hot Spring Resources”
Yasunori MORI+, Hideki YOSHIMURA+, Akira MAEDA+, Kyoko SHIMURA+,
Kazuyuki OHKUMA+, Masaaki KONDO, and Takamitsu KAJISA,

Abstract
An investigation of the inﬂuence of lift pump installation on water quality by the“Methods of inﬂuence investigation of lift pump installation” provided in the “Guideline
for the protection of hot spring resources” was conducted in the Yunoyama area, Mie
Prefecture. Since few such investigations have been reported nationwide, we compiled asurvey of the available results of such investigations, and also presumed the behavior of
the hot spring water under the ground in the Yunoyama area. Although it is assumed
that variation of water quality is stable under both incremental and continuous pumping
up in the observation wells, it is recognized that incremental pumping up causes a geochemical anomaly such as decreasing of pH and concentration of ﬂuoride and chloride
ions in the target well. Concentration of ﬂuoride ion strongly correlates with that ofchloride ion in the Yunoyama area. It is assumed, therefore, that the aquifer has a function of major source of both ﬂuoride and chloride ions to the hot springs. The di#erenceof the ratio of concentration of ﬂuoride and chloride ions in the target and the observation wells suggests strongly, however, that the sources of aquifers of these wells are
di#erent. Accordingly, it is thought that the hot spring sources may not compete witheach other. Because the water quality of hot springs can be signiﬁcantly a#ected by conditions of pumping up, it is recommended that such geochemical consideration should beincorporated into the evaluation method based on the guideline.
+ /+,ῌ+,++   -02.ῌ++ + Mie Prefecture Health and Environment Research Institute, -02.ῌ++ Sakura-cho, Yokkaichi /+,ῌ+,++, Japan.
, !"#$ /+.ῌ2/*1 %&'( +/11 , Graduate School of Bioresources, Mie University, +/11 Kurimamachiya-cho, Tsu /+.ῌ2/*1, Japan.

161          

Key words : Guideline for the protection of hot spring resources, Yunoyama spa, Fluoride ion, Chloride ionῒῑ !"# $% &'()*+,*-  ./01 ! 23 4($5/01678
9 :4;<1"#=$>% ?&@6ABCD<"9E 'FGH=:/01I
JKLM% ()'(BB?  *N89OPQRN +,-STK./U
9 1IJ 012ῌ3V2B? W/$H=X<4=5EN8<RY96
+,$ Z"#= 3V26[7 pH, F 89 Cl 89:S ;\%<]^%
465EN89 _<H= => Cl 89B F 89 `"?&6a(:
BRN F B Cl Kbc<-@6AdU =>BC<ef$BU#gDU#"(B.E
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Z~[~ = $%+=> (\&]ed ^ Z"#
V|z{W}~ ,**1 _` !"# a"b 4(kcde fgh !($%9EiU"j Z"# >= =>kl$Ha(B";WI mY# HX( n%ῌ%<)*+,*-K='XHa(BoU9 :8Kp# z{S 4  $% &'()*+,*- S )*+,*- z{S ,**3 6E789 :)*+,*-H= fghX "qHa(rk"s k Pt>uvc +'(w%xBU# $>% yzHa(_Elm^6{78#"( URU<6N  4  z{ |zJp}=~Ha  $%9E = i%H 9MI mY9Q-16rkHa( ::B=)*+,*-H? ')*+,*-=

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163

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"#$%Fig. + Location of the observation and target wells on the schematic geologic map (after Hot Spring
Research Center, +30,).

Table +

Water quality of the observation and target wells
Observation well

Monitoring items
Date of analysis
Watertemperature ()pH
Quantity of water
discharge (L/min)Na (mg/kg)
K (mg/kg)
Ca, (mg/kg)
F (mg/kg)
Cl (mg/kg)
SO., (mg/kg)
H,SiO- (mg/kg)
HBO, (mg/kg)
Rn (Bq/kg)
+

164

Target well

ῌ῍+

῎

,3/Nov/,**.

+,/Dec/,**2+,/Dec/,**2

,04+

,+4.

+/43

34+

242

24,

3*

+.

-,

.14.
*40
,42
++4/
+*4,
.43
,34,
,42
+-1

-340
*42
.40
24,*4*
.41
,34,
,40
--4.

034,
+42
++4.
/4*
+,40
143
+040
.4+
+++

The observation wells ῌ῍ : Composite samples were analyzed
because their springs are located very close each other4 0* ' ",*+*#  

#$ ./0 1 ++./ mgῌkg,  +-1 Bqῌkg()*+,-("  !

3 4  "./0 1 , mgῌkg,  1. Bqῌkg# 56$

2
7

ῒῌ89: $ 77ΐῌ89: $ =ῑ5;<$(*+,-(= #$ ./0 1 /.* mgῌkg 2"

4 56$>ῌ?@AB"CDE ,** m#$ F)G=-(= #$ ./0

1 /.* mgῌkg,  +++ Bqῌkg 2

"

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3

4



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!HI >J KLMNO% P
NVW!XYNM$ 7

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5UN\ ]% ^!"_ #5$`%a&]bM'(2)$ ':cdO% efdZ[g+.h+i% jkl
m% efdn*W6op+q,cr% sYT tTY*Am% uvc c-Z% ]b
M .OsYT cd /w rxyd201WNM$ g+.h+izq,cz {|O2}~ ZO~M2% \ ]% %a&]MYMN33ZOq,c z~$ ]3
45 q,cO6q,czY% 7῔785op+q,cZ[
$ 6q,cO% 9= ZO% :% % ,-:% op+%  ;<WN
M$ !ῌ= "+300#  K-Ar

>? ZO% 6q,c op+O 0/ Ma z

 XYNM$HI>

z7

O% M

Y @ 0W6 6 q , c5  : + cz$ 7MNO% sYZ89

9

0A5B6%,**/ > 1  & ,**0 > 1 %

0

C + > 6/¡¢£A D)¤¥¦-¢!2§¨XY% © ª« ¬42E­XYNM "®T% ,**0#$ s D)¤¥¦-¢ª«5% Fig. , "% pH, :F#% Fig. - "Na% F% Cl% SO.,% Rn# ¯$,ῌ- ῎ῒῐ῏῍῎ῒῑΐG°±²³D)±² §¨H
LMNO% \´µ2 H"\´µ%,**2# ¶·WN§¨W6$ G°±²O%

>¸9F5¹IWN% ῌ  + G° 0

Lῌmin ῍  , G° 3 Lῌmin ῎  - G° +2
L ῌ min ῏  . G ° -- L ῌ min ῐ  / G °-0 Lῌminº / G°Z§¨W6$ 6% G°

±²

JK»T% D)±² ",/ L ῌ

min +,1.* 0¼)# 5§¨W6$

!H LMNO% RLzWN% 4 XY  ½  Fig. , Observed data of water temperature, pH andquantity of water discharge from July, ,**/ to July,,**0 at the observation wells ῑ῔ΐ (data from Moriet al., ,**0). Symbols : , Observation well ῑ ; ,Observation well ῒ ; , Observation well ΐ.

165

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/XU?u8]vBwxy:z23{Chi23Ej8 &wxH)$ QR7!8lmS
Tῌῑ|STCDE} STC~6E;
VW8IJ7!yu8]vBfgCP2{Chi23Ej8 &k}H)$ 88H)K
LC6 F FkH) '- ῌ- L(wxH) '/ ῌlmSTnop( k}H)'- ῌ- L( 8zH) 'IJ( X]

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BX ebdW &kH)$ &wxH)$ &k}H)$ /U? 85X
sF?U3%kH)ῌIJ7!8K 'QR7!8
wxyBU;V( 89:;<C
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



,

Fig. - Observed data of Na , F , Cl , SO. and Rnconcentrations from July, ,**/ to July, ,**0 at observation wells ῌ῏῎ (data from Mori et al., ,**0).
Symbols : , Observation well ῌ ; , Observation
well ῍ ; , Observation well ῎.

²³23%k}H)ῌwxH)p/:z6Ef´yQ
R7!/]3µ8{¶{ 'wx{¶{( C23H)W kH)5·>¸ - L8
IJKLC῏23% wxH)
p/BfgyBYF¹ k}H)8+,º῍W»3%

IJMN/U? ebdW 9:ῐ !  pH ¼½CJ23]vsF?
166

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Table ,

Investigation

Well

    !

Observation period and monitoring items

Date ofinvestigation

Monitoring items

Target well
Preliminary
investigation++/Aug/,**3 Water level+2/Aug /,**3 Quantity of water dischargeῌWater temperatureῌpH
Observation
well,//Aug /,**3 FῌClῌSO.,ῌNaῌRn
Target wellInﬂuence
investigation+/Sep/,**3

Quantity of water dischargeῌWater temperatureῌpH
FῌClῌSO.,ῌNaῌRn

Observation
well
Target well
Follow-up
investigation

Observationwell)*$ +,",**3#

Water levelῌQuantity of water dischargeῌWater temperatureῌpH
FῌClῌSO.,ῌNaῌRn

2/Sep/,**3+//Sep/,**3,./Sep/,**3

-./0

Water level
Quantity of water dischargeῌWater temperatureῌpH
FῌClῌSO.,ῌNaῌRn

12345

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% `

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abc4$ Cd)ef/



.

Cl$ SO., \$ f/ ῌCd  5hG9. F$ Rn,IJ$ g.Na$123iVjk?%,ῌ. ῎῍῏ῐ

+ i4$ lm\D3nopO0Yqi rs "tu#vw\\x $iyz { N|VKD$ ;} \)*\D?%ῌ~v /0/0 : /0pHῌ  : HM-0*G "AZZZ#/0 : /0"$  k3/0Vj% IJ/0c +¡¢;c£]^#¤ῌ0 /0/0 : /0
Na ῌl¥¦§§ : AA-02** "¨©z# : Air-C,H, ª«Z¬ : HCl ­0
F$ Cl$ SO., : ®¯°±²³ª/0 : DX-+,* "´ µ®¶¯ #·¬ : AS-,- ".&,/* mm# )e AG-,- ".&/* mm# : ¸¹«º¸ ASRS-** . mm
»T : ../ mmolῌL Na,CO-*./ mmolῌLNaHCO- ¼
½ : +.** mLῌmin167

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

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Rn : ABC-D/4CE-FG-3H

IJKL : LB-/ %:MF;<=>?&
N-O2PQ? : RSH %Yasuoka et al., ,**3& TUV
WX YZ["TX\]^ _`abcdefPghiIJj klimcdnjo'

-ῌ ῐ

῎

-ῌ+ ΐ῔ῌΐῑ῕ῒ

pῌpqQrTXsVtWQruvPwx῎yzT{\] pH, |}ῌ "!i Fig. . TNa F Cl SO., Rn ~i Fig. / T ll'"!^ I["ῌ^ I["ῌ["ῌ,-.2(,0.+) I["῍,*.2(,+.3) pH

2.2/(3.*0 I["῎

2.,-(2.2. |}ῌ^ I+0(,+ Lῌmin, I["῎+,(,. Lῌmin Pfl

2./+(3.*. I["῍.-(0- Lῌmin, I["῍,1..(,1.0) I["῎ljo' WX YZ["PmcdT{\]^ cPnblV *.*2 (+..* m Pyzf pῌpqQrPfWyz^blWao'
6QrPYZ_ab|}V!"c^ P_cῌ!"cT] F ~
Rn ~ \kn¡¢fV' F ~

T{\]^ I["ῌI["῍

1.2(+,.1 mgῌkg,+*.0(+,./ mgῌkg, I["῎..3(3.3 mgῌkg fjo' F ^!"H

PJ£nj] ¤J¥ %, mgῌkg& ¦§nJ
bl]X \¨lPIJTX\]©¤J¥P , ªi«T¬]\Vknab ­J¢
T!"H® , ¯T¤JV!"T°±j]\Vkn

baTWo' Rn ~T{\]^ I["ῌ"῍

3..3 ( ++. Bq ῌ kg, I[

1..2 ( 13./ Bqῌkg, I["῎/*.+(/0.+ Bqῌkg f ²³´µ- Rn T{\] Wyz^blWao' I["ῌῌ῍^ HP¤J¥ %1. Bqῌkg& ¦§P Rn i¶·j]X H® , ¯T¤JV!"T°±j]\Vkn ¸ao'Fig. . Temporal variation of water temperature, pH andquantity of water discharge, respectively, observed inpreliminary and follow-up investigations. Symbols :, Observation well ῌ ; , Observation well ῍ ; ,Observation well ῎. Dotted line indicates the dateof inﬂuence investigation (+/Sep/,**3).

168-ῌ, ῍῏῕ῒz῍¹ºPQrTXsVtWQruv
Pwx῎yzT{\] pH, |}ῌ "!iFig. 0 T Na F Cl SO., Rn ~iFig. 1 T ll' |}ῌ^ »¼½

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9:;< 0 Lῌmin)/ + => : Q+*+ 3 Lῌmin )/ , => : Q,*+
+2 Lῌmin )/ - => : Q-*+ -- Lῌmin )/ . => : Q.*+ -0 Lῌmin )/ / => : Q/* 4?@
AB+ CDEF

G78

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KL<FM5N,
O+ EF

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P ,1./.,1.1-+ EF῍

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O+ +0.+. +0..- `aQ+ =>Pbcd4 *.+-ef

ghPijk_N,

pH lmN+ EF

ῌP 2.3/.3.*2+ EF

῍P 3.*..3.+-+ EF

῎P 2.11.2.20

4ZM[QnoN, 5p578

Fig. / Temporal variation of Na, F, Cl, SO., andRn concentrations, respectively, observed in preliminary and follow-up investigations. Symbols : ,Observation well ῌ ; , Observation well ῍ ; ,Observation well ῎. Dotted line indicates the dateof inﬂuence investigation (+/Sep/,**3). Rn data on+//Sep/,**3 were not shown because of troubleof liquid scintillation counter.

QO+ /Fig. 0 Temporal variation of water temperature, pH
and quantity of water discharge respectively, observed in the inﬂuence investigation (+/Sep/,**3).
Q+῏Q/ represent the stage of quantity of water
discharge in the examination of incremental pumping up. Symbols : , Observation well ῌ ; , Observation well ῍ ; , Observation well ῎ ; , target well.

169



        !"#$%&

+ -./ 2.0. 012 - -./ 2.2- 34567

89:4;<=> ?/@/2 . -.> 2..-
2 / -.> 2.*- A -.>BCDEFGHIJ
pH KL>MN1F=' OPQ5 RST$῎> .0(/+ Lῌmin, RST$῏> +2(+3 Lῌmin,
RST$ῐ> +-(+. Lῌmin 4;U RST$
D5VJWX5MN1FJ0<='
YZ[\]DE^G_ RST$῎(ῐ45`aWX5bJc 9:84;<=> deT$45VJWX>MN1F=' Na `a5
2 + -./ +2. mg ῌ kg 01-.>BCfAD
gbh 2 / -.45 0+., mgῌkg D34KL
h=' F `ai Cl `a_jk4 F 5 ,...
mgῌkg 01 /.+ mgῌkg D Cl 5 +,., mgῌkg

01 ... mgῌkg D ?FlF-.>BCfAD
KLh=' mF1/noA5dp8D SO., `aDE^G5 2 + -./ +.0 mgῌkg 01-.
>BCfADqh 2 / -.45 +*., mgῌkg
34rsh=' Rn `a_3= 2 + -. .3.1
Bqῌkg 012 / -. 2.., Bqῌkg A tNGu

9:JWXJ>1_ vw8D5-.>BCf
ADrs/xy>MN1F='-ῌ- ῐ῍ῒῑ῏῎-.z{|}D~LQ/ W
X Fig. 2 D LQAXz{DO
PQ/ Fig. 3 D'
DA~U LQ/W52. -. )OPQ -- Lῌmin* DMN1F=' W

>MN1F=z{Qz{QAA
z{Q5  ῌ /A~U:F )
 ,**2*'
z{Q)Lῌmin*+






,

Fig. 1 Temporal variation of Na , F , Cl , SO. and
Rn concentrations, respectively, observed in a inﬂuence investigation (+/Sep/,**3). Q+ῑQ/ : See
Fig. 0 caption. Symbols : , Observation well ῎ ;, Observation well ῏ ; , Observation well ῐ ;, target well.

z{Q)Lῌmin**.2 ,,,ῌh=><G / ¡01¢1F=d
eT$D~z{Q52 . -. )-- L ῌ
min* 4;01 deT$D~z{

Q5  ῍ /£D¤N1F'deT$/z{Q)Lῌmin*+deT$/z{Q)Lῌmin**.2+--*.2+,0.. ,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,῍ῌ,/)Lῌmin*170

' 0* ( #,*+*$ 



  !"Fig. 2 Temporal variation of drawdown in the examination of incremental pumping up.
Q+ῌQ/ : See Fig. 0 caption.

Fig. 3 Relationship between volume of pumping up and drawdown in the examinationof incremental pumping up. Q+ῌQ/ : See Fig. 0 caption.

)*+,-./01 ,0.. #Lῌmin$ 234% 567 89:% ,-./01 ,/ Lῌmin ;<=&>?@A=,-./0 B% CD./EFGHI= #Fig. +*$& JKL% CD./MNO
5PQR./STUVWNOXY4Z[\A=];^@_`1a?@Ab^I=&. .+ 



cd./EFM QefgZhijkl\Gmn =? %  !" QeoZhZhijpq #CVinf$ ;fgZhijpq #CVtar$ G*r<=& oj
pq #CVinf$ sti;% fgZhijpq #CVtar$ )*KLG Table -u &JKL% vwAxy Qv:z CVinf sti m{: CVtar 4kl% Zh m{:%171 

      



Fig. +* Temporal recovery of water level after stopping of continuous pumping up for+,1.* min at ,/ L/min.

Table - Comparison of the coe$cients of variation of
the observed results between the observation wells
and the target one
Monitoring items

The average of CVinf(Observation well ῒΐ)

CVtar

Water temperature
pH
Na
F
Cl
SO.,
Rn

*4*3
*4./
,4-*
/4/+
04+.
/43*
+4.3

*41*
-401
.141+
0141/
/-4+2
0/42-14+++,-./0123456708
9:;! <= >?.@A=B
53C.DEFGHI Na . CVinf .
JK0 ,.-* LMN.=+H3 CVtar".1.1+ F . CVinf .JK0 /./+ LM

N.=+H3 CVtar"01.1/ OP QR
STU67=VNWXY Z[\F12345670]97O:;!
^; Fig. 0, Fig. 1 =_H;`ab.cd /.efg9] QR S
hi=j53 QR0klm7=kH;WXYZ  Y7H3 ῌ pH .no ῍ Na F Cl .pqno ῎ SO., pq.r ῏ Rn pq.stDE.uvw/=x
yN670L4N!
., 



z{.|}-ῒΐ.~e TH;9] Wo] #,**0$ F

>?. F pq7 Cl pq.=50M 6]. , A0^N> #o %FῌCl >&$ TOA.-7H3H35N0567T_H;! C6L ]#,**0$ .=++$! C.

z{=V:3];T3 F 7 Cl . ¡¢T£AH; #Fig.

z{=V:3];T3¤Oj |}-ῒΐ.¥¦§¨F©ª«¬­®s=¥¦§¨¯ °±0 *.3/1 7 5°0²2]N67089:;!
|}-ῒΐ=j³N F pq7 Cl pq.´µ­®F ¶ ῐ .7j·¯N!
'Cl(obs"*.0,)'F(obs,./ **************************ῐ¬ [\ c=j53+,-9]¸H;>?. F pq7 Cl pqF 5¹.Q
R=j53¤|}-.¥¦§¨º»7F¼¼;º»=¥¦§¨¯;! [\ c.+,=j³N F 7 Cl .½ +/ QR.=VN´µ­®F ¶ ῑ .7j·¯N!
172

, 0* - !,*+*"  

  Fig. ++ Correlation between concentration of ﬂuoride ion and that of chloride ion observedin this study and previous study (data from Mori et al., ,**0).

#Cl$tar%*..-&#F$tar'+.1 ((((((((((((((((((((((((((ῌ./ 01234 56 *.330 789) :;<=F >< Cl >?@14

A8B<ACDEF* GFAE2) ./ 0123) :;<= ) FῌCl HIJ KLAMNOPF*.- 

:;῍+῎ 0QRSTU?) VWAXYZ[ B<D\) ]P^P I _`P F < Cl ?) =abc7dcOPF=ZFῌCl HIJD\efOP21ghA@1B<

Ai;OP* GDGjA\) :;῍+῎ VWA *.0, 78

.G) ./ 012?

*..- 789) kjEFbc7 F < Cl AdcOP21B<Ai;OP*`F Fig. ++ D\) F >< Cl >A) lmnop 0Qn
tj uMGFD v12w
3

qr .G2) s 

* , + lm<, , lm7?) XY=ax yz{|OPF) , - lmD\? F >) Cl >Am) , / lm3`F) , - lm93O\}~ ~GFx yz{|OPF* , . lF >) Cl >A~GFx yz{|OPF*, / lm?) , . lm XY x yz{|OP21B<D\) , . lm) , / lm7?
F >? A) Cl >? OP21B<ACDEF*

B B<D\) lmnop lmA< ) efuQ21F FῌCl HIJD\ A~A9) F < Cl u_71j1I uQ2) yz{|xA
GF3 <i;OP* Z ) IIAG23j1I ) . mgῌkg >Cl A_`PB<?OPA ! ¡¢c£¤¥) ,**+") ] tjI

F>?1<¦§\PF¨) , . lm) , / lm 012? F > © A¨\
PF3 <i;OP*`F) Rnlm ª«V¬ ­  v12?) Rn A ® -.2  ¯h°789)

Rn >?) Rn u_~IA± ²`7 ³´µ ¶ · B<u¦ GjQP¸

j\j1* lmA<

Rn > ª«V¬A¨\PF!¹<G2) nqr "1)Rn AI4 º»G2D\¼µ7± ²EFD\78ghA¦§\P* F½G)
173

            "#$ %&'()* +,-./01123,4$56'7 89:;<=*>?1@AB1C,$56
.. 



1DE1FG:HI=* JF1K,L,M&=<6 % ,**0 ῌ 1D
EN1 O* PQRSTRU V!QWX6"#Y1$ZFOU[\WX6]W ῍
F W Cl :*^<%H,5_ `&1O'a% VI=<6b(Y,^<]W ῎V1c):d<= *O,efM& g+,h:i6j'[\W1efkf,lX6]
W$

VX6 O1m-,X6]W]&%1KU.nWI=

"#:io= %&'pq/@ABUr= 1DE:

ds6F1G:;<=t0I'u$vwI'ix: % ,**0 1LW12 3y\ :d<=z F W Cl :*^<%H,47%&' IaI {5\ W3y\ 1|}6712~,6]Wa% 3y\ $*
{5\ 1 FῌCl O'W* F W Cl 1efkf,6 FῌCl O'a% F di Cl ,M&=<6]W,vr%&6 d 3yE1m- 1 F W Cl 1efkfU ῏di ῐ a%VX6W {5\ 1 FῌCl O'18*di F : Cl+* : 3 3y\ 18* F : Cl+* : 0 $56' +91+,-W:47%&'l,:;<=:;X6W NaF Cl 1* 3y\ 1+,-W: :,<FI', &W%=X6ix: SO., *I' 8,F1j>U[\WX6WK5M&6 F W Cl ,<FI']W '?'U[\WX6WM&6 SO., ,I']W* j>[\W?'[\1efkf1l:io=  O1m-,X6WI'K % ,**0 UX
6z1$56 3y\ 19@U,:~X6]W:io= ?'[\1kf,
:AI'z1WK5M&6
B + +a%B / +1C$z~,47%&' SO., $X6W
SO.,Q/ῌSO.,Q+0.-. ῑI',o= B / +:d<=* B + +:ds6?'[\D@1Wz 0 E)
1?'[\, O: ¡I'b(Y,vr%&6
J1ix:%&'¢:;<=*

¡F£:d<=

O1m--¤U¥¦I'() vwM&'z1$56 ]1ix m-1%HYG:io=  §\1HI¨©ª
FGUK5X6]W,$~6b(Y,56'7 :«¬=l,JKa%1 ¡F£Uo=<]W,LI<Wvr6

/   "#:io= JF1M­, %&'ῌ  §\1N®:HX6¯°±S°²! :³M&' OPQ101 ¡F£G1¥¦RS!

: ´ ¡F£U¥¦I 1()UµTI' 1¯°±S°²: ´ ¡F£*¶U·1¸V$5_ W¹,:zL¸V,<'7 >?1F£1ºvWI=»Xb($56
ῌ+9@p:ds63y\

1m-UF£I'W]¼ +,-Y: Na F  Cl 1<F SO., 1,47%&'ῌ1DEN:ds6F1G:;<=vwI' 3yE$* F W Cl U½./
174

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

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23 CDE&'%AB;* F(- GH%IJ,K ῌ) LM- *N456 +O,-./01. PQ," (RS789

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789]:^;8 X(&-_%`aA9)*&("( )LM,;;*3b  *N45*N+c X*&<= %(bY- >,\? =d e@K \%AB;*  dd%^; A fg BCh3: - 789"]:^;h',K %AB;* ῌ  i Dj76 I(&- VE IkVD 

X(& +lmT - FmG=%
Lp[

 %Hn)*&(  !^!"; IJ6oK T

3: - - FmG=,-M"(\%AB;*3 A q [Nr/oKTOQ([ +sP

vwx'%" t,u"(Q?/- JRl+%S

,- M"%\ / T=y%U:zTDj%%\  V6 .{WTObB%"1&IJ db"F( |,u b XY"}'%AB;* ῏῎)LMT+:

K3J ~Z[ \]^_ `6abLMcd -[ vwxe#/ Sf" Tgu2!3 dQTIhJ!&%i(3!2 ῌῑῐ῍bjE ,**1 : hk  kle# J5/ X(&,**1 T ,  0 FmQbjEIn

bLMc +30, : o~Zp  l +῍+,.
bLMc +31* : oo~Z[q l +῍3.
 r s 9 tu sv )w +323 :  cx xLMl /y + xz{ x cl /3῍1*.
| ,**, : }6~ } ,**, T -  +῍20.
| ,**3 : 

 ,**3 T -  +῍/1.

Z t +300 : ) ¡ K-Ar dating ῌF)¢¡ ¡ 0/

+3+῍,,+.

£¤ ¥¦ t§ ,*+* : f%= = ¨9 /3 -,*῍--3.
o ,**2 : 6jO} X(& 45Dj56 X(& ,**2 T +*  + F
mQooKRIn © Rª¦  «  ,**0 : ¬­®x¯°   
H±%,-­v²A³ o¨9´µ¶xw·LMTl /+ -+῍-2.
 © s¸ Et H ¹sº» f¼O  «  Z¤ s½ 175      

 !,*+*" : $%&'()*+,-./0123 456#   0*
,,ῌ-0.

789:;<=>?@A !,**+" : 1BC --ῌ/,.
D EF !,**3" : 3 G%HIJKLMN OP#   /3 +/3ῌ+0/.
QRS TU V <WX YZ[\ D]^_ !,**2" : `%abcdefghiCfῌ
jfklmnop%qrstuvwxyz{# | 0+ }78 ~~ ,/.
Yasuoka, Y., Ishikawa, T., Fukuhori, N. and Tokonami, S. (,**3) : Comparison of simpliﬁed
liquid scintillation counter (Triathler) with conventional liquid scintillation counter inthe measurement of radon concentration in water. J. Hot Spring Sci., /3, ++ῌ,+.
!,*+*  3

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