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Schematic of a cubic­type multi­anvil apparatus. (a) dies and side blocks and (b) a cubic pressure medium con­taining a sample squeezed by six pistons made of tungsten carbide.

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Schematic of a high­pressure cell assembly designed forhydrogenation experiments. The sample capsule with thesample is placed in the hydrogen sealing capsule with twopellets of internal hydrogen source. The hydrogen sealing
capsule is located in the cylindrical graphite heater. The heat­
er is put in the hole drilled in the cube, where top and bottomside of the heater are contacted with electrodes for supplying
electric current.

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70ªoßã©ç NiHx ¨æÑ LiyNi1_yH ÆÍÙÈéubOs[NÌ¶¬ªÏ@³êÍ¶ß½iFig. 3 ÛjB±ê
çÌ s[NÍ P§ûi qÅwt¯ ªÂ\ÅLiNiH3 Ì¶¬ð¦·àÌÅèCéBÔÌoßÆÆàÉ Liy

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Series of powder X­ray diraction proles taken during LiH
and Ni mixture was hydrogenated at 3 GPa and 600
C. Theproles are drawn at a 10 min interval. Bragg peaks from
NiHx, LiyNi1_yH, and LiNiH3 are indicated by open squares,
closed circles, and open circles, respectively.

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Fig. 4)
Schematic drawing explaining the formation process of provskite­type LiNiH3. (a) NiHx, (b) LiyNi1_yH, (bhypothetical LiNiH2, and (c) LiNiH3.

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ÉÇ­êvµÄ¨èC_\ªÌ¸xÌ³ðféBA~jEðfÌ½«ÍÉßÄá¢½ß25) CA~jEàÌ·³ºÅ¬³ê½ LiNiH3 Íí·í³ºÉñûÂÌÅÞ¿Ì´¿ÆµÄL]Å

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^[QbgÆµÄ¤ðißÄ«Ä¢éBÅßCAl2Cu Á½Bf»¨ LiyNi1_yH ªÈãÌlÉµÄ fcc \¢ÌÅnÌOìÌÆÈèCyuXJCg^

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ÅiqèÍ a6.067 Å, c4.877 Å Åé27) B±Ì\¢Í 8 ÂÌA~jE´qª`¬·é½lpÌS
É 1 ÂÌº´qªüÁ½ Al8Cu ª\¢jbgÆÈÁÄ

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1 ³½ðÂ­èC»êçÌ 1 ³½ª ab ²ûüÉÓ¤»¨ª`¬³êC»êçðOìÌÆµÄ LiNiH3 Æ¯lÌL µ C½ l p Ô É Ô ð àÂ 3  ³ \¢ ð ì ÁÄ ¢

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Al2Cu CSbg©çíèoµ½±a50 mm ÈºÌà²

Â\«ª¢Bðp¢½B¿ð³ZÉZbgµº·Å10 GPa Ü

4. Nü^f»¨ Al2CuHx Ì¬A~jEÍyÊ©Â¹ÊªLxÅÀS«à¢½

14  úËõ Jan. 2014 Vol.27 No.1ÅÁ³µ½Ì¿ÉÁMðs¢C·xÏ»ÉæéàÌ\¢Ï»Æf»½ÌL³ðúËõ»ÌêÏ@Éæè]¿µ½B·³ðsÁ½ãÌ¿Íí·í³ºÉñûðà ¡ úËõ»ÌêÏ@ðp¢½·³ºÅÌVKà®

Fig. 5

Crystal structure of (a) Al2Cu alloy and (b) Al2CuHx. The
dark cyan rhombuses show the interstitial sites in whichhydrogen atoms occupy. The arrows show the motion ofaluminum atoms during the hydrogenation reaction. Hydro­
gen atom position in (b) was determined by rst­principles
calculations.

Fig. 6f»¨¬X­ray diraction proles of Al2Cu alloy in hydrogen uid
taken at 10 GPa and (a) 600C, (b) 900C, and (c) 800C.
Closed triangles, closed circles, and closed squares indicate
Bragg peaks from Al2Cu, AlCu1.5, and aluminum, respec­tively.

CÜÅÁMµÉÛ·é¾¯ÅÍÙÆñÇis¹¸C900µCÀ±ºnÌ² X üñÜuÅªÍðsÁ½BúËõ»ÌêÏ@Å¾çê½ X üñÜvt@CÌ

Al2Cu ª AlCu1.5 ÆA~jEÉªðµ½ãÌÝisµf»ªisµÈ©Á½±ÆÍ Al2Cuêð Fig. 6 É¦·Bº·É¨¯é10 GPa ÜÅÌÁ³Æ

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CÅ AlCu1.5 ÆA~jEÉªðµ½iFig. 6(b)jB¶CÊÆµÄ\Ê_»ª³ê

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³ê½B±ÌlÈá±¡GÈ·xpXðoRµ½¬[fÆÌ½ª£i

Al2CuCAlCu1.5 ¨æÑ Al ÆÍÙÈéñÜvt@CªgªKvÆ³êé¨¿ÅÍCúËõ»ÌêÏ@³µÅÍÏ@³ê½iFig. 6(c)jB±Ìvt@CÍo­¨¿Å¬ðÌTõÍÉßÄ¢ïÅéBÈ¨À±ðsÁ½ðé Al2Cu Ì¯¶·x³ÍðÉ¨¯éPÊiqðc£ÅÍ³ÍøÊÉæèA~jEÆºÌZ_Í»ê¼ê

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CuHx ª¶¬µ½àÌÆ@³ê½BÜ½¶¬µ½

f»¨Ì\¢ªàÆÌàÌ\¢Æä×Äµ­Ï»µÄ¢È¢±Æ©çCÚIÆ·éNü^f»¨ª¶¬µÄ¢é±·³ºÅ¶¬µ½ Al2CuHx Íí·í³ºÉñûÂ\ÅÁ½Bñû³ê½¿ðí³ÅÁMµ½Æ±ëCñfÌúoªÏ@³ê½B³¬Å¾çêé¿ÌÊª­È¢±Æ©çí·í³ºÉñûµ½ Al2CuHx Ì² X üñÜvt@Cð Fig. 7(a)É¦·Bí·í³ºÅÌvt@Cà·³ºÅÌ»ÌêÏ@ÌÊÆ¯lÉCAl2Cu ÌPÊÆà±ÌiKÅ­­¦´³ê½B

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¿ð² X üñÜªèµ½Æ±ëo­¨¿Åé Al2CuÉßÁÄ¢é±ÆªmF³ê½BÈãÌÊ©ç·³ºÅÏ@³ê½iqc£ÉæèVK

f»¨ Al2CuHx ªCf»½Í¿ð10 GPa, 800

Cu ÌPÊiqÅwt¯Â\ÅÁ½êûÅCFig. 7(a)É¦µ½ªèÊÆ(b)É¦µ½PÈiqc£f©
çvZ³ê½² X üñÜvt@CÆÌär©çª¶¬µÄ¢éÆ_Ã¯½B
Al2Cu Ìñû³ê½ Al2CuHx ÌubOs[NÍc£µ½ Al2f¬Ì©élÉC»ÌñÜ­xÍPÈiqc£fÅÍà¾

úËõ Jan. 2014 Vol.27 No.1  15

Fig. 8Fig. 7(a) Powder X­ray diraction pattern of the recoveredhydrogenated sample at ambient conditions (circles) andsimulated X­ray diraction pattern by introducing the twistof Al8Cu square antiprism (line). (b) Simulated X­raydiraction pattern without twist. Closed triangles, closed cir­cles, and closed squares indicate Bragg peaks from Al2Cu,
AlCu1.5, and aluminum, respectively.

Decomposition pressure­temperature conditions of Al2CuHx
obtained by in­situ synchrotron radiation X­ray diraction
measurement.

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f»¨¬Syntheses of novel metal hydrides under highpressure and high pressure with the aid ofin­situ synchrotron radiation X­ray diraction
measurement
Hiroyuki SAITOH

Quantum Beam Science Directorate, Japan Atomic Energy Agency,
1_1_1 Kouto, Sayo­cho, Sayo­gun, Hyogo 679_5148, Japan

Shigeyuki TAKAGI

Institute for Materials Research, Tohoku University,
2_1_1 Katahira, Aoba­ku, Sendai, Miyagi 980_8577, Japan

Katsutoshi AOKIInstitute for Materials Research, Tohoku University,
2_1_1 Katahira, Aoba­ku, Sendai, Miyagi 980_8577, Japan

Shin­ichi ORIMO

WPI­advanced Institute for Materials Research, Tohoku University, Institute forMaterials Research, Tohoku University,
2_1_1 Katahira, Aoba­ku, Sendai, Miyagi 980_8577, Japan

AbstractHigh­pressure and high­temperature synthesis is a powerful technique to obtain novel materials. It
is, however, dicult to explore synthetic conditions in wide range of pressure and temperature.
In­situ synchrotron radiation X­ray diraction technique enables us not only to search synthetic
conditions quickly but also to investigate reaction process and thermodynamic properties of target
materials. Synthetic study is expected to be facilitated based on the obtained information. Theo­
retical calculation is also useful in designing target materials and to analyze experimentally ob­tained data. In the present paper, we will describe our recent synthetic study of novel metal hy­
drides under high pressure and high temperature in which in situ synchrotron X­ray diraction
technique was eectively used.

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