Ministry of Education, Culture, Sports, Science and Technology (MEXT)
Forum for Nuclear Cooperation in Asia (FNCA) Biofertilizer Project

Issue No. 13
Mar c h , 2 0 1 5

Overview of FNCA Biofertilizer Project 2014
Tadashi Yokoyama, Tokyo University of Agriculture and Technology (TUAT)
Shotaro Ando, Japan International Research Center for Agricultural Sciences (JIRCAS)

This is the final fiscal year of the third phase; therefore,
progress and research summaries for the past three
years were reported by each member country. The
participants also discussed actively on the core topics
involving research and development of biofertilizers:(1) application of radiation sterilization of carriers for
production of better quality commercial biofertilizers,(2) development of multifunctional biofertilizers andstrategy for extension to farmers, (3) evaluation forresults of experiments on the synergistic effect of
biofertilizers and irradiated oligochitosan, and (4)development of the FNCA Guideline Vol.2 Productionof biofertilizer carriers using radiation.
Proposals were made during discussion regarding thethree year evaluation and project activity plans for the
next phase, including 1) accumulation of data on thebeneficial effects of irradiation carriers to maintainbiofertilizer organisms in comparison to autoclaved
carriers, and 2) publication of the benefits of irradiatedcarriers in comparison with autoclaved carriers. An
agreement was reached that member countries would
continue to disseminate the use of irradiated carriers tobiofertilizer producers, to study combinations of
microbes to develop multi-functional biofertilizers, andto evaluate experiments for synergistic effects ofbiofertilizers and irradiated oligochitosan.

In order to promote environmental friendly sustainableagriculture in Asia, FNCA Biofertilizer Project aims todevelop biofertilizers with radiation sterilization
technology, using benefical microorgamisms, which
increase the yields of crops while reducing theenvironmental burden of excessive use of chemicalfertilizers.
At the first phase of this project from 2001 to 2006,
FNCA Biofertilize Manual was published, which gives
information and experiences of biofertilizer use in
Asian countries, including their effectiveness, efficient
production processes, storage and application on different
crops, as an important outcome.
At the second phase from 2007 to 2011, main
objectives were 1) developing multifunctional
biofertilizer having different two functions such as
plant growth promoting and resistance against plant
pathogens, and 2) dissemination of radiation
sterilization method of carrier using 60Co to improve
quality of carrier for biofertilizers.
From 2012, third phase was started to enhance above 2
objectives and it was also focused on synergy effectbetween biofertilizer and irradiated oligochitosan as a
new theme.
FNCA 2014 Workshop on Bifertilizer Project washeld on November 24th - 27th in Kajang, Malaysia
with 12 participants from 8 countries.

Participants of the Workshop

Panel Discussion of Open Seminar1Forum for Nuclear Cooperation in Asia (FNCA) Biofertilizer Project

Development and Application of High Effective Biofertilizers in China
Fan Bingquan, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences (CAAS)
1. Under application of Ca3(PO4), inoculation of

3. A field experiment of sunflower with biofertilizer

fungus A734 and A66 as P-solubilizing biofertilizers

was conducted in Inner Mongolia, strain F6 asincreased both peanut and sunflower biomass by moreantagonistic biofertilizer got the highest yield,

than 100%. Under application of rock phosphate,

averaged 6010.1 kg/ha and increased by 21.5%; theinoculation of P-solubilizing biofertilizer had ayield of strain Y16 as biofertilizer reached the betterbiomass increase by more than 80% for peanut andyield, averaged 5858.6 kg/ha, the increase ofover 70% for sunflower, respectively. (Table1).

sunflower was 18.4% (Table 2).

2. Inoculation of A44, PG24 and A7 with Ca3(PO4)2

4. The effect of oligochitosan combined withincreased the peanut by 21.3%, 20.1% and 20.1%, andP-solubilizing fungi on garlic growth was studied.

increased the biomass of sunflower by 22.3%,11.3%

Strain A52 with oligochitosan had a higher synergetic

and 9.2%, respectively. Increasing rate of peanut

effect on garlic biomass, strain A52 plus oligochitosan

inoculated with PG24, A7, A55 and C2 with rockincreased garlic biomass by 24.6% than treatment ofphosphate were 16.2%, 13.3%, 10.8% and 11.3%, andonly strain A52. Strain A5 got a higher biomass bothincreased the biomass of sunflower by 12.5%, 14.5%,

with and without chitosan (Table 3).

20.4% and 19.0%, respectively (Table1).
Table 1 Biomass of sunflower and peanut with new P-solubilizing trains with Ca3-P and rock phosphate (g/pot )StrainPhosphate added
to soil

Peanut fresh weight (g)Sunflower fresh weight (g)yieldIncrease%yield

Increase %

CK

5.27

-

4.04

-

A734

11.34

115.2

8.59

112.6

10.74

103.8

11.57

186.4

31.7

21.3

31.5

22.3

PG24

31.4

20.1

28.7

11.3

A7

31.4

20.1

28.2

9.2

CK

5.05

A734

9.94

88.6

10.12

114.9

A66

10.48

98.9

8.11

72.2

33.2

13.3

29.2

14.5

PG24

34.0

16.2

28.7

12.5

A55

32.4

10.8

30.7

20.4

C2

32.6

11.3

30.4

19.0

A66
A44

A7

Ca 3 (PO 4 ) 2

rock phosphate

4.706

2

Table 2. Effect of biofertilizer on sunflower yield with chemical fertilizers (Inner Mongolia)
Seed yield
Treatment
kg/plotkg/haIncrease %

CK

3.27

4949.5

-

T22

3.53

5353.5

8.2

Y16

3.87

5858.618.4 **

F6

3.97

6010.121.5 **

Table 3. Garlic fresh biomass influenced by P-solubilizing strains and chitosan (g/pot )P-solubilizing strains (PS)PS strain+chitosan

StrainBiomass Increaseof PS+ Chitosan over PS

Increase %fresh wt

fresh wt

without

small

3.89

-

-

A85

3.93

4.45

0.52

13.2

A93

3.48

4.31

0.83

23.9

A5

4.53

5.55

1.02

22.5

C2

4.28

5.11

0.83

19.4

A55

3.53

3.93

0.4

11.3

A52

3.74

4.66

0.92

24.6

A42

4.16

4.56

0.4

9.6

3

Forum for Nuclear Cooperation in Asia (FNCA) Biofertilizer ProjectStatus and Strategy of Commercial Application of Biofertilizer in Indonesia
Dr. Iswandi Anas, Bogor Agricultural University (IPB), Indonesia
Introduction
toIndonesia, the fertilizres must be registered to obtain

Indonesian farmers since the earlier 1960 during theRegistration Number at Ministry of Agricuture. For

era of green revolution. At that time, most of

this purpose, the Minister of Agriculture had issued

agriculture soils in Indonesia were still good,

Ministry

agricultural soils were rich in organic matter. Only by

28/Permentan/SR.130/5/2009 related to the prosedureadding chemical fertilizers mainly N, P and K, a highfor registration of organic fertilizer, biofertilizer andyield of several crops was obtained. Therefore, mostsoil conditioner. This regulation has been revised byof theMinistry

Chemicalfertilizers

had

been

introduced

farmers only used chemical fertilizers andofofAgriculture

Agriculture

Regulation

through

No.

Ministryof

The reasons

Agriculture Regulation No. 70/Permentan/SR140/10/2011.

using only chemical fertilizers was more handy, less

Registration of fertilizers is done through Center forwork and need less labour compared to using organic

Plant Variety Protection and Registration under

fertilizers. However, in the earlier 1980-ies, some

Directorate General of Sarana and Prasarana Pertanian

farmers or scientists had reported that there wasand the administrative works is done under Center for

significat drop in yield of several crops. In order to

Plant Variety Protection and Perizinan Pertanian.

keep the yield high, the farners mostly use more

Since 2005 till 2011, 533 organic fertilizers, 126

chemical fertilizers up to unreasonable amount of

biofertilizer and 162 soil conditioners have beenchemical fertilizer. In reality, the yield did not increase

registered at Ministry of Agriculture.

by increasing the rate of chemical fertilizers

Status and strategy of commercial application of

application, the cost of fertilizers certainly increase,biofertilizer

the environment become more degraded. In the earlier

Several universities,

2000, the goverments, scientists and the farmers

some private cmpanies and research institutions do

realized that the use only chemical fertilizers organic

researches

fertilizer was not the right choice of using fertilizers

institutions developed cost-effective technologiesof

for agriculture. The use of organic fertilizers together

inoculants such as nitrogen fixing bacteria, phosphatewith biofertilizers in combination with chemicalsolubilizing microbes, mycorrhizae and antagonists

fertilizers or when the soil is already good in

againt plant pathogens. Since the number ofproperties and the good quality of organic fertilizers

bio-organic fertilizers and biofertilizers becoming

are available, the use of organic fertilizers only ismore populair nowadays in Indonesia, the Ministry

possible. At the some time, the use of biofertilierof Agriculture in 2012 took inisiative to evaluate

related to nitrogen fixing microbes, phosphate

intensively several bio-organic and biofertilizers.

solubilizing microbes, antagonists are also introduced

The evaluation of these bio-organic and biofertilizers

to farmers.

are being done through several stages until now. The

they forgot to use organic fertilizers.

Regulations

relatedtocommercialization

andNational Sciences Agency,

promotingbiofertilizer.

These

evaluation of these bio-organic and biofertilizers areoforganic fertilizer and biofertilizer in Indonesia

being done for seven main important crops for

According to Government Regulation No. 8, 2001,

Indonesia, i.e. rice, corn, soybean, potato, chilli,

about fertilizer for agricultural crops, point 6

sugarcane, red-onion. The main purpose of thismentioned that all fertilizers produced in Indonesia or

evaluation is to select several best bio-organic andimported ferilizers, before their distribution inbiofertilizers that can reduce the rate of chemical4

fertilizers currently applied by farmers for these crops.

Application Agency), and Bio-Up and Bio-Padjar

As much as 17 bio-organic and biofertilizers are being(University Padjadjaran).

evaluated by Ministry of Agriculture. The name of

Temporary results show that some of these selectedbio-organic and biofertilizers are being evaluated are:bio-organic

Agrimeth, Agrifit, Gliocompost, Bio-PF, Agrisoy,

performance in reducing the rate of chemical

Biotrico (produced by Agricultural Research andfertilizers.

Development Agency, Ministry of Agriculture),multi-location pf these bio-organic and biofertilizers

ProbioAgricultural

evaluation are really needed before the government

University-IPB), Kedelai Plus, Biovam, StartMik,

recomment these bio-organic and biofertilizres to be

Beyonic (National Sciences Agency), BOC-SRF,

used in large area by farmers.

andSuper-Biost(Bogor

Bio-SRF and Biopin (Technology Assessment and5

andbiofertilizers

However,intensivehave

excellentevaluationandForum for Nuclear Cooperation in Asia (FNCA) Biofertilizer Project

Commercialisation of Biofertilizer – From the Laboratory to the Field
Khairuddin Abdul Rahim and Phua Choo Kwai Hoe,
Malaysian Nuclear Agency (Nuclear Malaysia)
potassium solubiliser and plant growth promoter. Two
paddy plots, under flooded (wet) and aerobic (dry)conditions, with three rice varieties MR 219 (parent)
and mutant varieties MR 219-4, and MR 219-9, wereused in these studies. Biofertilizer treatment showed
highest yields estimation for MR 219-9, which was at
8.51 t/ha (flooded plot) and 9.55 t/ha (aerobic plot) as
compared to other treatments (Figure 2). Yields
estimation of controls were 6.78 t/ha (flooded plot)
and 4.05 t/ha (aerobic plot). Figures 1 and 3 showhigh yield estimation for biofertilizer treatments foranother two varieties under flooded plot (MR 219-4)
and aerobic plot (MR 219). Estimation yields for MR
219-4 was 7.81 t/ha and MR 219 was 8.06 t/ha.
Performance of biofertilizer on paddy rice depended
on varieties and planting conditions. From theseresults, combination variety MR 219-9 with
biofertilizer, which was adaptable for flooded andaerobic conditions was recommended to the farmer.
Another paddy rice field trial was conducted infarmers’ plots in Perlis in 2014 and 2015. Threevarieties MR 219 parent), and mutants MR219-4 andMR 219-9 were used in this trial. Four treatments
were T1 (Biofertilizer + liquid smoke), T2(Biofertilizer + liquid smoke + Oligochitosan), T3(Biofertilizer + oligochitosan) and T4 (Control, famer
practice). Biofertilizer, liquid smoke and oligochitosan
were produced by Nuclear Malaysia. There were no
significant difference (p<0.05) among the treatments
for MR 219 and MR 219-9 (Figure 5 and 6).
Combination treatment T2 showed significant yields
as compare to treatment T1 and treatment T3 invariety MR 219-4 (Figure 4). Estimation yields for T1,
T2, T3 and T4 were 12, 15, 11 and 17 t/ha,
respectively. There was no significant difference
between treatment T2 and treatment T4, which was
farmer practice. Thus, combination treatment consist
biofertilizer, liquid smoke and oligochitosan was
suggested to be adopted in the paddy rice field.
In conclusion, R & D of biofertilizer should not end in
the market but need to move forward to the farmer.

The Ministry of Science, Technology and Innovation,
Malaysia (MOSTI) announced the year 2014 as“MOSTI Commercialisation Year” to promotecommercialisation of research outputs. With thesupport from MOSTI, Malaysian Nuclear Agency(Nuclear Malaysia) received two ScienceFund grants
for biofertilizer projects in 2007 and 2011 for researchand development of biofertilizer products. Nuclear
Malaysia has developed a series of multifunctional
bioorganic fertilizers from these grants, which include
two multifunctional bioorganic fertilizers namely,
MULTIFUNCTIONAL BIOFERT PG & PA and apellet bioorganic fertilizer as MF-BIOPELLET, in aneffort to reduce dependency on chemical fertilizer forcrop production. Acceptance of biofertilizer by
agroindustry especially oil palm and rubber plantation
has increased over the years. In 2009, Malaysian Agri
Hi-Tech Sdn. Bhd. (MYAGRI), the bioproducts
company with BioNexus status, utilising Bacillus
megaterium, a biofertilizer inoculum generated
through R&D of Nuclear Malaysia in one of its
products, agriCare®ORGANIC-N. In 2011 thecompany
produced
about
40t
of
agriCare®ORGANIC-N. To date, more than 200t has
been produced, with worth of RM 630,000 in sales.
On 28 August 2013, the Minister of MOSTI launcheda liquid biofertilizer (BIOLIQUIFERT) produced by
Nuclear Malaysia as one of the products generated
through the government ScienceFund grants. This isan effort of government to commercialise R&D
products, and this could be capitalised to promote theuse of biofertilizer to our agroindustry.
Nuclear Malaysia had demonstrated effectiveness of
biofertilizer in paddy rice field trials in 2013 and 2014.
This effort is to promote biofertilizer to the farmer
through R&D. The trial was carried out at MADA
plots, Kedah in 2013. There were four treatments,
namely, T1 (Commercial fertilizer), T2 (Liquidbiofertilizer), T3 (50% Commercial fertilizer + 50%
liquid biofertilizer) and T4 (Control, non-treatment).
Liquid biofertilizer contains phosphate solubiliser,
6

Yield Estimation MR 219-4 (ton/ha)

14
11.52

12
10
8
6

7.81 7.75
5.77

5.62

6.35
4.93

4.59

4
2
0
T1

T2

T3

T4

Treatments
Wet plot

Dry plot

Figure 4: Yield estimation MR219-4 (t/ha), Perlis

Yield Estimation MR 219-9 (ton/ha)

Figure 1: Yield estimation MR 219-4 (t/ha), MADA, Kedah
12
10

8.51
7.12

8
6

9.55
6.86

6.78

5.67
4.29

4.05

4
2
0
T1

T2

T3

T4

Treatments
Wet plot

Dry plot

Figure 5: Yield estimation MR219-9 (t/ha), Perlis

Yield Estimation MR 219 (ton/ha)

Figure 2: Yield estimation MR 219-9 (t/ha), MADA, Kedah
11.21

12
10

7.97 8.06

8
6
4

4.99

8

7.54

7.5

3.96

2
0
T1

T2

T3

T4

Treatments
Wet plot

Dry plot

Figure 6: Yield estimation MR219 (t/ha), Perlis

Figure 3: Yield estimation MR219 (t/ha), MADA, Kedah

7

Forum for Nuclear Cooperation in Asia (FNCA) Biofertilizer Project

FNCA Biofertilizer Research Activity in 2014
Delgermaa Bongosuren, Plant Science Agricultural Research Institute (PSARI)
At present new varieties of wheat is being used by

The results showed that biofertilizer can increase soil

farmers. The need for generating more data on thefertility and biomass, as well as crop yield.

response of biofertilizer to new varieties is very
essential

toconvince

more

farmersonthe2) Experimental results on synergy between

Rhizobacterial biofertilizer usage.

biofertilizer and irradiated oligochitosan

There were experiments conducted in 2014, three atExperimental design was RCBD with 4 replications.

the experimental field area at PSARTI. The plant

Treatments as fallow;

materials that were used in the experiments conducted•

Oligochitosan 7(every week)

T-1

during the period were wheat, barley and tomato.

•

Oligochitosan 14 (every 2 weeks)

T-2•

Rhizobacterial biofertilizer + Oligo

T-3

1) Effect of rhizobacterial biofertilizer inoculation•

Rhizobacterial biofertilizer + Oligo 14 T-4

for wheat and barley•

Rhizobacterial biofertilizer

T-5

We have been studied effect of Rhizobacterial•

ControlT-6

biofertilizer were developed on wheat and barley

Pot contained 20 kg of sterile soil. Pathogenic fungus

crops in field experiment. The wheat and barley crops

is Fusarium sp. For rhizobacterial biofertilizer

were planted in norm of 3,5-4,0 mln seed/hectare by

inoculation treatment seed were coated at sowing.

seeder SZS-2,1. The soil of a skilled site chestnut,

Cultivate pathogenic fungus and mix them into sterile

sandy with easy mechanical structure.

soil were planting the seedlings before one week. The

Experience according to the scheme:

performances of tomatoes seedling were spraying the

1. Control without fertilizer

oligochitosan solution (100ppm ） before 1 day- T-1

2. Liquid biofertilizer 10 l/hа, mixing with seeds

transplanting. In conclusion the effect of integrated- T-2

use of Oligochitosan, with Fusarium on tomato

3. Rhizobacterial biofertilizer/dry type/8 kg/hа,seedling were investigated in this experiment. The

mixing with seeds - T3

performances of tomatoes seedling were spraying the

And nutrient content of the soil increased, allowing

oligochitosan solution (100ppm) every week andfor sustainable improvement of its fertility.

every two weeks during the 2 months. Survey tomato

Higher yield followed by inoculums biofertilizer

biofertilizer effect on the growth of the highest

higher than the control. Use all of biofertilizer on

measured at 40th days after planting. However, thewheat grain yield increased by 16.4-19.8%, and barleyhighest harvest yield measurement O-14 releases

grain yield increased by 12.7-17.3 % more thanversion 1335 g, and higher than 860 g of control

control. Application of Rhizobacterial biofertilizer
gave a positive effect and also affected the soil
fertility.

8

Results of soil agro chemistry

Green house experiment of tomato

T4

T3

T1

T2

T5

1. Tomato harvest
Treatments

Height of plant,
cm

Yield of fruit, /by harvesting/

Yield of fruit

Number of fruit per plant

Weight of fruit, gg/ plants

g/fruit

T-11

57.8

24

875

218.8

36.4

T-2

57.5

39

1335

333.8

34.2

T-3

58.8

16

609

152.3

38.1

T-4

57.8

25

785

196.3

31.4

T-5

60.3

29

1065

266.3

36.7

T-6

49.0

23

475

118.8

20.7

9

T6

Forum for Nuclear Cooperation in Asia (FNCA) Biofertilizer ProjectStatus and Strategy of Commercial Application of Biofertilizer (Bio NTM) in the Philippines

Julieta A. Anarna, University of the Philippines Los Baños (UPLB)Introduction
The National Institutes of Molecular Biology andBiotechnology (BIOTECH) University of thePhilippines
Los
Banos
(UPLB)
developed
cost-effective technologies inoculants such as nitrogen
fixing bacteria, mycorrhiza or forms of phosphatesolubilizers for the production of goods and services
that are cheaper alternatives to conventional products,
making use of locally available materials which aresafe to the environment.
There are many forms of biofertilizers which arereadily available in the market and being produced byprivate and government sectors. Among these
biofertilizers, the most studied and developed
biofertilizer is Azospirillum, with a registered brandname of Bio N which has been shown to increase theincome of the farmers by increasing yield of rice andcorn by eleven percent (11%) and reduced on its
chemical usage.

Status and strategy of commercial application of
biofertilizer.
Transfers of technology on use of biofertilizers
requires the acceptance of the end users and support of
the government. In order to promote biofertilizers we
conducted trainings and briefing on Bio N technology
meetings with cooperatives and seed growers, fielddemonstrations (Figure 1), tapping broadcast anddistributed flyers/posters, collaboration with seedproducers/distributors
andpresentation
andparticipation
in
trade
show/Agricultural
Exhibits/Conventions/Forum (Figure 2).
The establishment of mixing plants is one of thestrategies in commercial application of biofertilizer.
The mixing plants are considered sales centers anddistribution channels to make it available to local
consumers at affordable price. Currently eighty three(83) mixing plants were already establishedthroughout the country to make Bio N TM available forthe farmers. (Figure 3)

Figure1. Field demonstration of Bio N TM for rice, corn and tomato
in the Philippines

Figure3. Establishmentof Bio N Mixing Plant

Figure2. Presentation, distribution of brochure and participationin trade show/Agricultural Exhibits/Conventions/Forum

10

Forum for Nuclear Cooperation in Asia (FNCA) Biofertilizer Project
Effectiveness of Gamma Radiated Solid Carrieron Survival of Effective Microbe in PGPRs Biofertilizer
Phatchayaphon Meunchang and Achara Nuntagit
Department of Agriculture (DOA), Ministry of Agriculture and Co-operative (MOAC)
Major problem of of Biofertilizer products is thephase at 48 hours by using starter 9 percent incontamination of indigenous microbes in solid

aerobic condition. The liquid bacterial was injected

carriers. The contaminated strains might inhibit

to the 25 KGy of gamma irradiated bark compost forsurvival of the active biofertilizer strain by produced

150 g per bag for 50 ml or moisture content in

antibiotic and other prohibits substances. Therefore,

carrier between 50-60 percent by weight. The

free from indigenous microbe of solid carriers was

gamma irradiated carrier showed synergic effect on

studied to develop high potential of PGPRs

support longer survival of Azospirillum sp.TS8-42

biofertilizer product for crops production.

used as model of PGPRs microbe in this study(Figure 1), which extended survive of Azospirillum

The bacterial strain used in this study was

sp.TS8-42 from 30 days of non sterile carrier kept in

Azospirillum

fromroom temperature to 240 days for treatment ofelectron beam 150 Gy at 8 Mev. It resists the highest

gamma irradiated carrier and 360 days for treatment

temperature at 43 ºC, fixed nitrogen 65+15 nmole

gamma radiated carrier kept at 25 ºC.

-1sp.TS8-42

-1

which

mutatedC2H4 tube h , IAA production for 70+4 mg ml-1

and positive sideropore production. The medium for

Benefit from this project could lead to improve

culture the liquid starter was NFb Dobereiner,

biofertilizer production in Thailand to under control(1980). The liquid starter was cultured to mid log

of new biofertilizer act of the kingdom of Thailand.

Figure 1 The effect of non sterile (NS), autoclave (S1), gamma sterile (G25) carriers and storage in room
temperature (RT) and 25 ºC (25) on survival of Azospirillum.

11

Forum for Nuclear Cooperation in Asia (FNCA) Biofertilizer Project

Multifunctional Biofertilizer Research and Development in 2014
Pham Van Toan, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Development (MARD)
1. Introduction
Continuing the research and development of

Biofertilizer, 4. 80% NPK (30.60.90) + Biofertilizer

biofertilizer for sandy soil, in 2014 the biofertilizer

and 5. 70% NPK (30.60.90) + Biofertilizer.

project

3. Results

concentratedon

testingtheeffectbiofertilizer on growth, yield of peanut cultivated in

As results of effect of multi-functional biofertilizer

sandy soil. The improvement of fertility of sandyon growth, yield of peanut in sandy soil of Binhdinh

soil applied with biofertilizer is also evaluated.

province can be see that biofertilizer saved 10% of

2. Material and methods

required NPK. In this case, the green biomas andBiofertilizer for sandy soil contained N-fixer

grain yield of peanut showed no significant different

Bradyrhizobium japonicum, P-solubilizer Bacillus

to control. Reduction of required NPK more thanmegaterium,

Paenibacillus

10% brings lower yield and benefit for farmer. The

castaneae and polysaccharid producer Lipomycessame tendency can be obtained in the economic

8

effect evaluation (Figure 1, 2). Sandy soil applied

CFU/gram is used in the study. Trials was conducted

multi-functional Biofertilizer had higher moisturein Binhdinh province with following treatments: 1.

and higher population of beneficial microbes thanBase fertlizer (100% NPK: 30.60.90), 2. 100% NPK

the control without biofertilizer.

Cilicatesolubilizer

starkeyi with the density of more than 10(30.60.90) + Biofertilizer, 3. 90% NPK (30.60.90) +

8
7
6

6

5

5

4

4

3

3

2

80%NPK+Bio

1

100%NPK

0

2
1

Green
biomass

0

100%NPK

100%NPK+Bio

80%NPK+Bio

70%NPK+Bio

90%NPK+Bio

Input

OutputBenefit

100%NPK

100%NPK+Bio

90%NPK+Bio

80%NPK+Bio

70%NPK+Bio

Figure 1. The effects of biofertilizer on the yield ofFigure 2. Economical effect of biofertilizer on peanut

peanut cultivated in sandy soil

production in sandy soil (10.000VND)

12

Figure 3. Field experiment and demonstration on the benefit of biofertilizer

13