IN

The focus topic

THE OUTLINE• Status of flood in Jakarta• Flood history in Jakarta• Why Jakarta is easily inundated by flood ?
• Flood Countermeasure• Does Jakarta have such kind of FHM ?
• What seems problems in making FHM inJakarta ?
• Conclusions & Suggestions

The flood status in Jakarta
Flash flood
Caused by heavy rainfall in theupstream and then flowing down to
the downstream. Velocity of flood isvery fast and quite dangerous.
Urban flood
Caused by rainfall in such area and also
caused by interruption of sea waterwhen arises its level.

Flood history in Jakarta (1990-2006)
36 Flood Events• 23 Jan ‘90• 21 Des ‘91• 24 Jan ‘92• 28 Feb ‘92• 16 Mar ‘92• 23 Apr ‘92• 3 Des ‘92• 10 Jan ‘93• 8 Jan ‘94• 25-26 Mar ‘95• 12-14 Oct ‘95• 15 Nov ‘95•9-14 Jan ‘96•2 Apr ‘96•15 Oct ‘96•13-14 Jan ‘97•12 May ‘98•26-28 Jan ‘99•6 Feb ‘01•14-15 Jan ‘02•23 Jan ‘02•28-30 Jan ‘02•1-2 Feb ‘02•12 Jan ‘04•17 Feb ‘04•21 Apr ‘04•28 May ‘04•12 Jul ‘04•29 Nov ‘04•12 Des ‘04•21-23 Jan ‘05•6 Mar ‘05•16 Jun ‘05•15 Jul ‘05•17 Jan ‘06•20 Apr ‘06

Why Jakarta is easily inundated by flood ?
RAPID CHANGE IN LAND USE
MOST OF LAND ARE BELOW SEA LEVELINAPPROPRIATE INFRASTRUCTURE
13 RIVERS ACROSS THE CITY
PUBLIC AWARENESS IS WEAK
INEFFECTIVE COORDINATIONPOOR CONDITION IN WATERCACHTMENT AREA

LAND USE PROPORTION IN JAKARTA
1973-2002 (%)

Rapid change of land used in Jakarta

COUNTUR MAP

The existing west flood canal & the planned east flood cana

From the cacthments areaBOPUNCURFLOOD COUNTERMEASURESFlTOTALood

DISASTER RISK MANAGEMENT (TDRM)• Principle 1 : Involvement of All
Organizations and Individuals

NATIONAL GOVT.

COORDINATIONBY

MASS MEDIALIFELINE CO.

NGOs

TRANPORTATION CO.

LOCAL GOVT.
EXPERTSPEOPLECONSTRUCTION CO.

TOTAL DISASTER RISK MANAGEMENT (TDRM)• Principle 2 : Implementation during All Phases of Disaster
PREVENTION / MITIGATIONPREPAREDNESSDISASTERHAZARD MAPPINGRESPONSEREHABILITATION / RECONSTRUCTION

NATURAL DISASTER MANAGEMENT IN INDONESIA

UNIVERSITIES,SCIENTIFICCOMMUNITY

Natural Disaster
Risk Assessment&Disaster Reduction
Recommendations
OnGeology,Volcanology,
Earthquake,Landslides,
TsunamiMeteorological andGeophysical Agency
National Seismological
Monitoring NetworkCentral Office Jakarta

National Disaster
Coordination Board
Central Office Jakarta

Pacific Tsunami
Warning Center
Indian Ocean
Tsunami Warning Center

Local Disaster
Management

Provincial Disaster
Coordination Board

Local Disaster
Coordination Board

Affected Population“At Risk”

The outline of the present countermeasures for mitigating
flood damages in Jakarta
Non Structural Countermeasures
Flood proofing
Organizing flood & fire fighting volunteer/corps
Assign shelter and evacuation route
Observation and data collection
Flood forecasting and warning system
Organization of rescue team
Zoning flood prone area
Flood hazard maps
not existed yetBefore

Structural Countermeasures
Drainage pump
Ring levee
Building commitment among stakeholder of flood control project
Planning flood control projectRiver improvement works (dredging, widening channels & diversion channel)
Levee contraction and rising levee
Flood control dams and reservoirs

The outline of the present countermeasures for mitigating
flood damages in Jakarta
DuringNon Structural Countermeasures
Collection of flood information
Disseminating of flood information
Assign shelter and provide emergency foods
Supply real-time flood information and warning
Evacuation order and evacuation directives
Rescue activities
Patrol of levees and flood control facilities

Structural Countermeasures
Emergency flood control works

The outline of the present countermeasures for mitigating
flood damages in Jakarta
After
Structural Countermeasures
Removal mud and garbage
Collecting and distributing relief funds
Draw and report lessons from disasterRoutine training and drill for emergency response
Inspection and study of the cause of damage
Epidemic prevention

Non Structural Countermeasures
Restoration of affected facilities
Rank up flood control plan

Law and Regulation Aspects
Law :• No. 23/1997 on Environment Management• No. 19/2004 on Forestry• No. 7/2004 on Water Resources• No. 25/2000 on Planning of National Programs
Government Regulation :• No. 82/2001 on Water Quality Control• No. 27/1999 on Environment Impact Analysis• No. 47/1997 on National Spatial Management
Presidential Decree :No. 6/2000 on Coordinating in National Spatial Management
No. 114/1999 on Spatial Management in Bogor, Puncak & Cianjur areas(BOPUNCUR)
No. 41/1996 on Industrial zone
No. 52 on Reclamation in Northern part of Jakarta seashore
No. 32/1990 on Conservation Area Management
Gubernatorial Decree :on East Flood Canal Project
On Reclamation Project of Northern Jakarta Seashore

What kind of map does Jakarta have ?

• We have no flood hazard maps that used

as a non structural countermeasure before
flood occurrence, except flood prone areamaps• Flood prone area maps only give simple
information : inundated areas & the depth
level in the past flood, without any
information like usually in FHM, such as :evacuation shelters, evacuation routes, etc.

FLOOD PRONE AREA MAPiWhat seems a problem in making FHM in Jakarta ?

• Inappropriate commitment of stakeholders••••(reluctance)
Public participation & public awareness is still
weak
Insufficient/limited availability of Topographicmaps
Often change of land use due to rapid urban
development
Constraint of budgets and man powers(expertise)

THE ALLOCATION OF ROLES IN MAKING FHM IN JAKARTA CITY
National Disaster Countermeasure
Coordinating Agency
National Coordinating Agency for Surveys andMappings (BAKOSURTANAL)

Department of Public Work
Meteorological & Physic Agency
Provincial Disaster CountermeasureCoordinating Agency
the Agency for Land Measurements
and Mappings
Water Control Divisionof the Public Work Agency(CONSIST OF RELATED AGENCIES)

MUNICIPAL LEVELThe Mayoralty Offices
District offices

Sub-District offices

In collaboration withThe Crises Center

In collaboration withPROVINCIAL LEVEL

In collaboration withNATIONAL LEVEL

THE NEXT FIVE YEAR ACTION PLAN
2010

20092008

2007

2006

FHM PROJECT(SELECTED AREA) IN EVERY MUNIC&IMPROVING FHM

FHM PROJECT (SELECTED AREA)&FHM PROJECT PROPOSAL(SELECTED AREA IN EVERY MUNIC.
FHM TC&FHM PROJECT PROPOSAL(SELECTED AREA)

SOCIALIZATION&PROPOSE FHM TC(SELECTED AREA)SUBMISSION
RECOMMENDATION&PROPOSE SOCIALIZATIONDONEBig Flood In Jakarta on February 2007
21 locations/areas inundated with 2 until 5
meter depth
24 people dead and more than 340 thousands
residents displaced

Big Floodin Jakarta

Feb 2007floFebruary 2007

February 2007

Flood experiences 2002
On January-February 2002 Big Flood inundated Jakarta. Almost 200,000
residents have been left homeless. Between 15-20% of Jakarta was underwater..
The flooding is the worst since 1996 when at least 30 people were killed inJakarta

Conclusions & suggestions• FHM is very important and useful for people andgovernment• But for the people, the community-based FHM
more beneficial than technically ones
• Making the simple FHM is the top priority inJakarta• The comprehensive assessment on flood
disaster management is badly needed in Jakarta