FNCA (Forum for Nuclear Cooperation in Asia) Biofertilizer Project

Issue No.4
September 2004
Biofertilizer is able to increase the yield of grain legumes and other crops that are important food forboth people and animal. In other hand, biofertilizer can clean the environment and mobilize theproductive capacity of land by reducing the amount of chemical fertilizer consumption.
FNCA Biofertilizer Project aims to improve the biofertilizer technology and enhance the biofertilizer
use by actual farmers. Different bacteria like Rhizobia, Azospirillum, Azotobacter and Mycorrhiza
fungi were selected as target microorganisms for biofertilizer in this project, and the most effective
rhizobium for each specific crop will be identified by measuring nitrogen fixation efficiency using 15N
as a tracer and other methods. Radiation is also used to sterilize the soil as the carrier of the rhizobium
and other biofertilizers.
2003 FNCA Biofertilizer Project Activities
Joint Workshop with JSPS (Japan Society for the Promotion of Science) GroupThe "2003 Joint Workshop of NRCT/DOST/LIPI/VCC Multilateral Cooperative Research Programin the Field of Biotechnology, Development of Biomanure Based on the Symbiotic System" took placein Hanoi and Ho Chi Minh City, Vietnam on October.

1FNCA (Forum for Nuclear Cooperation in Asia) Biofertilizer Project

Total 33 participants from FNCA and JSPS andexperts from IAEA (International Atomic EnergyAgency), ICRISAT (International Crops ResearchInstitute for the Semi Arid Tropics) and hostorganization in Viet Nam attended to this Workshop.
The

futurecooperation

betweenFNCA

andJSPS/IAEA/ICRISAT was discussed in the session. In
2003 Workshop, each participant country reported theresult of field experiments conducted as planned including experiments using nuclear technique such as
15

N and 32P to measure the efficiency of nutrient uptake.
The work plan of 2003 was reviewed and the plan for 2004 was discussed in the 2003 Workshop heldin Hanoi and Ho Chi Minh City in Viet Nam.
Field Experiment and Demonstration of Biofertilizer
Field demonstration of application of biofertilizer
on crops was the important point of FNCA
biofertilizer project.
participating

In 2003 Workshop eachcountries

reportedexperiments conducted as planned.
biofertilizer
Left: With Biofertilizer Right: Without BiofertilizerVinh phuc, Viet Nam

producedfromthefield

Multistrain

N-fixing,P-solubilizing, plant promoting and plant pathogen
antagonic microorganism are tested for different

crops in Vietnam. The total area of field demonstration and experiment were about 200 ha in different
provinces. Field experiments show that new biofertilizer has the positive effect on the growth andincrease yield of potato 30.98-72.38%, groundnut 13.33-19.07%, tomato 20.5%, coffee 16.42%. Better
growth of pine and wattle tries can be observed in the field experiment. Multistrain biofertilizer canalso reduce some root diseases caused by some bacteria and fungi. In awareness of the economical
benefit, the farmers in those areas have accepted to use the new biofertilizer.

2FNCA (Forum for Nuclear Cooperation in Asia) Biofertilizer Project

Biofertilizer in Vietnam

The national projects of biofertilizer- R&D of Rhizobium inoculants production

Vietnam is predominantly an agricultural

technology for legume crops in Vietnam

country with the land expansion of 235,200- R&D of nitrogen fixing inoculants forha per year, so the cultivated area increased

rice and some non legume crops

from 9.040 million ha in 1990 to 12.470- Developing new technique to improve themillion ha in 2000. The hight demand for theproduction and application of biofertilizer

mineral fertilizer is increasing annually. To

in Vietnam

decrease the use of chemical fertilizer andmakeagriculture

ecologically

agricultural plant and forestry trees inplannedto

Vietnamproductionand- R&D the technique to produce of multi

Sterile or nonstrain inoculants as multi functional

sterile carrier based and liquid inoculants arebiofertilizer used for agricultural plant,produced. Inoculants are produced not only

industrial crops and forestry tries infrom single strain but also the mix culture ofVietnamsustainable,
stimulate

more- R&D of mix culture as biofertilizer for

Vietnamthehasresearch,utilization of biofertilizer.

N-fixing,Psolubilizing,promoting

androot

plant

diseasegrowthpathogen

Research organizations working

antagonizing microorganisms, as well as,

on biofertilizer

biofertilizer for different crops in different- Vietnam Agricultural Science Instituteecosystems.

- Institute of Biotechnology

Biofertilizer has a positiveeffect on growth and yield of different crops- Agricultural University Hanoi

and bring more profit for farmers. Following- Hanoi University of natural Science

are informations of biofertilizer research and- Institute of forestry Sciencesdevelopment in Vietnam.

- Cantho University- Oil plant institute- Institute of Agricultural genetic- Institute of Agriculture of South Vietnam- Institute of Soil and fertilizer
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FNCA (Forum for Nuclear Cooperation in Asia) Biofertilizer Project- Institute for nuclear science and techniqueroleinVietnamagriculturalsystem.

Vietnam cultivated about 700,000 ha of
Orientations of biofertilizer development

legumesannually,equallydistributed- Establish a demonstration model ofbetween the North and the South of thebiofertilizer production technology fromcountry. Production is about 700,000t, worth

laboratory scale to production scale

US$ 175 million.

- Develop and transfer new technology andProject of Nitrogen inoculants is carried out

techniques of production and applicationin Vietnam for more than 20 years. Bothof biofertilizer to produce it in local

formulation inoculants (liquid and peat

conditions

carrier based) can be produced. Nitrogeninoculants contains a density of 109 CFU/g or- Improve the knowledge and experience

109 CFU/ml.

for the biofertilizer user by both farm

The results show that Nitrogen inoculants

demonstration and local training course
for extension workers and farmers

have positive effect on the growth and yield- Expand production of biofertilizerof legume. It can increase gain yield of 6.7-

- International cooperation aim to improve24.3%

bysoybean

and13.8-17.5%

the situation of biofertilizer R&D ingroundnut in North, Middle and 22% in

Vietnam and other developing countries.

South of Vietnam. This effect can be see
clearly in infertile soil and in legumes newcultivated land.
bringtheNitrogen inoculants canbenefitof

442,000

VND(28.2USD)/ha in Vietnam.
The production area will expand from
250,000 ha in 2001 to 330,000 ha in 2005 forgroundnut and from 130,000 ha in 2001 to
500,000 hain 2005 for soybean byestablishing intensive legume production

Inoculants for legume crops

zones,

Legume crops have a long history ofrotation

orintercroppingwithindustrial crops. So the potentiality of using

cultivation in Vietnam and play an important

Nitrogen inoculants is very high.
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FNCA (Forum for Nuclear Cooperation in Asia) Biofertilizer Project

Inoculants for rice

scale and by 13.31- 13.58% in large filed

Since 1991, Vietnam Agriculture Science

trial, by 12.3% by citrus. Benefit brought by

Instituteincollaboration

withvariousmix-inoculants are 914,400-1,282,600 VND

research institutes has been testing the(58.2-81.7USD)/haforeffectiveness of N-fixing biofertilizer on

1,525,100(85.1-97.1USD)/hasome rice varieties. The result show that thesoybean, 417,600 VND (26.6USD)/ha for

fertilizer status and nutrition content of soil,

citrus in Vietnam.

VNDrice

1,336,000for

The mixture of Mycorrhiza and P.

can increase the yield of rice by 4.04-19.59%
Benefit brought by N-fixing

solubilizing inoculants has a positive effectinoculation is 15,000-481,000 VND (0.96-on the growth (increasing of plant high, root

30.6USD)/ha for rice.

diameter) and plant biomass (increasing fresh

dependly.

weight, dry weight) of pine tree Mavi in thenursery.

N-fixing and P. solubilizing inoculants

The research also shows that, the use of Nfixing

inoculants

canreduce

chemical

nitrogen application by 30-60 kg N/ha/year
and P-solubilizing inoculants and rockphosphate can replace 30-50% mineralphosphorus fertilizer.

Multi-strain inoculants
Mix-inoculants from N-fixing and P.

Multi-strain inoculants which contains N-

solubilizing microorganisms has a positive

fixing,effect on growth and yield of different crops

promotingand bring more profit for farmers.

antagonizing

Mix-P

solubilizing,
androot

plant

growthdiseasepathogenmicroorganisms

asmultiinoculants can increase the yield of 14.7-

functional biofertilizer have been studying

15.7% by rice in small experimental scale

and using for agricultural plant, industrial

and by 10.65- 12.7% in large filed trial, 16.3-

crops and forestry trees in Vietnam.

19.5% by soybean in small experimental
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FNCA (Forum for Nuclear Cooperation in Asia) Biofertilizer Project

The result show that the functional

Benefit cause by multi-strain inoculants are

biofertilizer has a positive effect on growth,

2,700,000-3,050,000

yield of different crops and bring more profit

194.3USD)/ha for groundnut, 4,260,000-for farmer. Pot and field experiments show

7,600,000VND

that it can increase the yield of 13.06% bypotato, 6,450,000-22,454,000 VND (410.9-groundnut, 16.81-39.70 % by potato, 18.52%

1430.3USD)/ha for tomato,by tomato, 22.85% by pepper, 12.40% by

25,124,000 VND (920.4-1600.4USD)/ha forcotton and 26.87% by coffee. It can also

pepper, 743,600 VND (47.4USD)/ha forinhibitcotton, 12,310,000 VND (784.1USD)/ha for

some

Pseudomonas
Rastonia,rootdiseasesolanasearum,Sclerotium

andcausedbyFusarium,coffee.

Phytophtora.

6VND(171.9-(271.4-484.1USD)/hafor

14,450,000-

FNCA (Forum for Nuclear Cooperation in Asia) Biofertilizer Project

Project Leader of Vietnam
Dr. Pham Van Toan
Department of agricultural Microbiology
Vietnam Agricultural Science Institute (VASI),
Thanhtri, Hanoi, Vietnam
Tel. 84-4-8615557, Fax. 84-4-8613937
E.Mail: pvtoan@hn.vnn.vn
Project Coordinator :•Research and development of P-solubilizing inoculant (1994-1997)•National project for biofertilizer research & development in Vietnam (1996-2000)•National project for research and development of multistrain biofertilizer for agricultural,industrial crops and forestry trees (2001-2004)•Microbial germ bank used in agriculture (annual project)•

FNCA biofertilizer project (2001-2006)

Senior research scientists in the following projects:•

R & D of N-fixing inoculant for rice and non legume crops (1991-1995)•

R & D of biocontrol to decreasing the crop diseases in Vietnam (1996-2000)•

R & D of biocompost from different wastes in Vietnam (1996-2000)•Study on the Effective Microorganism preparation (EM) under vietnamese condition (19982001)•ICRISAT/VASI watershed managment in Vietnam (1998-2002)

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FNCA (Forum for Nuclear Cooperation in Asia) Biofertilizer Project~Information~

FNCA Web Site: http://www.fnca.jp/english/＊＊FNCA Biofertilizer News Letter No. 4Editor:

Pham Van Toan
Project Leader of FNCA Biofertilizer of Vietnam

Secretariat:

Mari Miura
Asia Cooperation Center (ACC)Japan Atomic Industrial Forum, inc. (JAIF)
Tel:+81-3-5777-0753 Fax:+81-3-5777-0757
E-mail : mmiura@jaif.or.jp* This Biofertilizer Newsletter is issued by Japan atomic industrial forum, Inc. (JAIF)
under the contract of the Ministry of Education, Culture, Sport, Science and Technology (MEXT)

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