ENERGY STAR® Program Requirements
Product Specification for Imaging Equipment
Test Method for Determining
Imaging Equipment Energy Use
Final Draft, Rev. Nov-2018

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1 OVERVIEW

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The following test method shall be used for determining Non-Professional Imaging Product compliancewith requirements in the ENERGY STAR Eligibility Criteria for Imaging Equipment.

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ENERGY STAR test requirements are dependent upon the feature set of the products under evaluation.
Table 1 shall be used to determine the applicability of each section of this document.

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Table 1: Test Procedure Applicability

2 APPLICABILITY

Product TypeMedia Format

Marking Technology

Digital Duplicator
Mailing MachineStandard
All

Large or Small

StencilDT, EP, IJ, TT
High Performance IJ, DT, DS, EP,
SI, TT
IJ, Impact
High Performance IJ, DT, DS, EP,
IJ, SI, TT
High Performance IJ, DT, DS, EP,
SI, TT
IJ, Impact
DT, DS, EP, Impact, IJ, SI, TT

Large
Small
All

High Performance IJHigh Performance IJ
N/AStandard

Multifunction
Device (MFD)

LargeStandard
Printer

Scanner

ENERGY STAR
Evaluation Method
TEC
OM
TEC
OM
OM
TEC
OM
OM
OM
TEC
OM

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3 DEFINITIONS

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10Unless otherwise specified, all terms used in this document are consistent with the definitions in the
ENERGY STAR Eligibility Criteria for Imaging Equipment.

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4

TEST SETUP

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4.1

General Test Setup

1314A) Test Setup and Instrumentation: Test setup and instrumentation for all portions of this procedure shallbe in accordance with:

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1) The requirements of International Electrotechnical Commission (IEC) Standard 62301, Ed. 2.0,
“Measurement of Household Appliance Standby Power”, Section 4, “General Conditions for
Measurements” for all products.

182) In the event of conflicting requirements, the ENERGY STAR test method shall take precedence.

1920B) Ac Input Power: Products intended to be powered from an ac mains power source shall be connected
to a voltage source appropriate for the intended market, as specified in Table 2 or Table 3.

21221) Products shipped with external power supplies (EPSs) shall first be connected to the EPS andthen to the voltage source specified in Table 2 or Table 3.

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2) If a product is rated to operate at a voltage/frequency combination in a specific market that isdifferent from the voltage/frequency combination for that market (e.g., 230 volts (V), 60 hertz (Hz)in North America), the unit shall be tested at the manufacturer rated voltage/frequency
combination for that unit. The voltage/frequency used shall be reported.

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Table 2: Input Power Requirements for Products with
Nameplate Rated Power Less Than or Equal to 1500 W
Maximum
Total
Harmonic
Distortion

Frequency

Frequency
Tolerance

MarketVoltage

VoltageTolerance

North America, Taiwan

115 V ac+/- 1.0 %

2.0 %

60 Hz

+/- 1.0 %Switzerland

230 V ac+/- 1.0 %

2.0 %

50 Hz

+/- 1.0 %Japan

100 V ac+/- 1.0 %2.0 %50 Hz or 60 Hz+/- 1.0 %29
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Table 3: Input Power Requirements for Products with
Nameplate Rated Power Greater than 1500 W
Maximum
Total
Harmonic
Distortion

Frequency

Frequency
Tolerance

MarketVoltage

VoltageTolerance

North America, Taiwan

115 V ac+/- 4.0 %

5.0 %

60 Hz

+/- 1.0 %Switzerland

230 V ac+/- 4.0 %

5.0 %

50 Hz

+/- 1.0 %Japan

100 V ac+/- 4.0 %5.0 %50 Hz or 60 Hz+/- 1.0 %

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Note: EPA has removed Europe, Australia, and New Zealand as a market as none of these markets
have a formal agreement with ENERGY STAR any longer.

34C) Low-voltage Dc Input Power:

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1) Products may be powered with a low-voltage dc source (e.g., via network or data connection)
only if the dc source is the only acceptable source of power for the product (i.e., no ac plug or
EPS is available).

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2) Dc-powered products shall be installed and powered as directed by the manufacturer, using aport with the full specifications recommended for the UUT (e.g., Universal Serial Bus (USB) 3.1 ifapplicable, even if backwards-compatible with USB 2.0).

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3) The power measurement shall be made between the dc source (e.g., Host Machine) and thecable shipped with the product, including the losses introduced by the shipped cable. If no cableis shipped with the product, any cable between 2 and 6 feet long may be used in its place. The
resistance of the cable used to connect the UUT to the point of measurement shall be measured
and reported.

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Note: The measured resistance of dc power cables includes the sum of resistances of both the dc
supply voltage wire and the ground wire.

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494) A spliced cable may be used between the shipped cable and dc source in order to connect thepower meter. If this method is used, the following requirements must be met:

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511) The spliced cable shall be used in addition to the shipped cable described in Section
4.1.C)3).

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2) The spliced cable shall be connected between the dc source and the shipped cable.

533) The spliced cable shall be no longer than 1 foot.

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4) For measuring voltage, the total amount of wiring used between the voltage measurement
and the shipped cable shall be less than 50 milliohms of resistance. This only applies to thewiring that is carrying load current.

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Note: Voltage and current need not necessarily be measured at the same location, so long as
the voltage is measured within 50 milliohms of the shipped cable.

59605) The current measurement can be made either on the ground wire or the dc supply voltage
wire.

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Note: Figure 1 depicts an example spliced cable setup using a USB 2.0-powered UUT
connected to the Host Machine.

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Figure 1: Example Spliced USB 2.0 Cable Arrangement

6465D) Ambient Temperature: Ambient temperature shall be 23° C ± 5° C.

66E) Relative Humidity: Relative humidity shall be between 10% and 80%.

67F) Power Meter: Power meters shall possess the following attributes:

681) Minimum Frequency Response: 3.0 kHz

692) Minimum Resolution:

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70a) 0.01 W for measurement values less than 10 W;

71b) 0.1 W for measurement values from 10 W to 100 W;

72c) 1 W for measurement values from 100 W to 1.5 kW; and73d) 10 W for measurement values greater than 1.5 kW.

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e) Measurements of accumulated energy should have resolutions which are generally
consistent with these values when converted to average power. For accumulated energy
measurements, the figure of merit for determining required accuracy is the maximum power
value during the measurement period, not the average, since it is the maximum that
determines the metering equipment and setup.

79G) Measurement Uncertainty 1:

80811) Measurements of greater than or equal to 1 W shall have an uncertainty of 2% or better at the
95% confidence level.

82832) Measurements of less than 1 W shall have an uncertainty of 0.02 W or better at the 95%
confidence level.

8485H) Time Measurement: Time measurements may be performed with a standard stopwatch or other time
keeping device with a resolution of at least 1 second.

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I)

Paper Specifications:

871) Standard Format Products shall be tested in accordance with Table 4.

882) Large, Small, and Continuous Form products shall be tested using any compatible paper size.

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Table 4: Paper Size and Weight Requirements
MarketNorth America
TaiwanSwitzerland
Japan

Paper Size
8.5” × 11”
A48.5” × 11”
A4
A4

Basis Weight(g/m2)
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75
80
64

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Note: EPA has removed Europe, Australia, and New Zealand as a market as none of these markets
have a formal agreement with ENERGY STAR any longer.

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5 PRE-TEST UUT CONFIGURATION FOR ALL PRODUCTS

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5.1

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A) As-shipped Condition:

General Configuration

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971) All products shall be tested in their “as-shipped” configuration unless otherwise specified by thistest method.

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B) Product Speed for Calculations and Reporting: The product speed for all calculations and reporting
shall be the highest speed as claimed by the manufacturer per the following criteria, expressed inimages per minute (ipm) and rounded to the nearest integer:
1 Measurement uncertainty calculations should be performed according IEC 62301 Ed. 2.0 Appendix D.

Only the uncertainty due to the measurement instrument shall be calculated.
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1) In general, for Standard-size products, a single A4 or 8.5” × 11” sheet printed/copied/scanned on
one side in one minute is equal to 1 (ipm).

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a) When operating in duplex mode a single A4 or 8.5” × 11” sheet printed/copied/scanned on
both sides in one minute is equal to 2 (ipm).

1052) For all products, the product speed shall be based on:

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a) The highest manufacturer-claimed monochrome print speed, unless the product cannot print,
in which case,

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b) The highest manufacturer-claimed monochrome copy speed, unless the product cannot print
or copy, in which case,

110c) The manufacturer-claimed scan speed.

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Note: EPA recommends that manufacturers report print speeds using the ISO/IEC
24734:2014 test image for consistency with other reporting.

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d) When a manufacturer intends to qualify a product in a certain market by making use of test
results that qualified the product in another market using other sizes of paper (e.g., A4 versus
8.5” × 11”), and if its maximum claimed speeds differ when producing images on different
sizes of paper, the highest speed shall be used.

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Table 5: Calculation of Product Speed for Standard, Small, and Large Format Products with the
Exception of Mailing Machines
Product Speed, s(ipm)
Where:Media
FormatStandard

Small

Large
119

Media Size

• sP is the maximum claimed monochrome speed
in images per minute when processing the given
media,• w is the width of the media, in meters (m),• ℓ is the length of the media, in meters (m).

8.5” × 11”
A44” × 6”
A6
Smaller than A6or 4” × 6”
A2
A0

sP
sP
0.25 × sP
0.25 × sP
16 × w × ℓ × sP
4 × sP
16 × sP

3) For Continuous Form products, product speed shall be calculated per Equation 1.

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Equation 1: Calculation of Product Speed121

s =16 × w × s L

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Where:• s is the product speed, in ipm,
• w is the width of the media, in meters (m),• sL is the maximum claimed monochrome speed, in meters per
minute.

1274) For Mailing Machines, product speed shall be reported in units of mail pieces per minute (mppm).

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5) The product speed used for all calculations and qualification, as calculated above, may not be thesame as the product speed used for testing.
C) Color: For Non-professional Imaging Products, color-capable products shall be tested making
monochrome (black) images.
1) For those products without black ink, a composite black shall be used.
D) Network Connections: Products that are capable of being network-connected as-shipped shall beconnected to a network.

1351) Products shall be connected to only one network or data connection for the duration of the test.

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a) Only one computer may be connected to the UUT, either directly or via a network.
b) The UUT shall be connected using a port with the full specifications recommended for the
UUT

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Example: A Universal Serial Bus (USB) 3.1 port shall be used if present, even if backwardscompatible with USB 2.0.

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Note: A stakeholder requested clarification as to why Low-voltage Dc Input Power products shall be
installed and powered using a port with the full specifications recommended for the UUT and asked if therequirement is focused on USB or other ports, as well. This requirement applies to whichever network
connection port is used for connecting the UUT to a computer. EPA and DOE have clarified that themention of USB is only an example.

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2) The type of network connection depends on the characteristics of the UUT and shall be thetopmost connection listed in Table 6 available on the unit as-shipped.

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Table 6: Network or Data Connections for Use in Test
Order of Preference
for Use in Test (ifProvided by UUT)

Connections for all Products

1

Ethernet – 1 Gb/s

2

Ethernet – 100/10 Mb/s

3

Wi-Fi

4

USB 3.x5

USB 2.x6

USB 1.x

7

RS232

8

IEEE 1284 2

9Other Wired – in order of preference from highest
to lowest speed

10

Other Wireless – in order of preference fromhighest to lowest speed

11

If none of the above, test with whateverconnection is provided by the device (or none)

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3) All data and network cables and routers shall support the highest and lowest data speeds of the
UUT’s network interface.

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Example: In the case of Ethernet, the connection shall be via a standard Category (Cat) 5e or
better cable.

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4) Products connected to a wireless protocol, such as Wi-Fi, shall be connected in close proximity to
the appropriate router or computer.

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5) Products connected to Ethernet, per paragraph 5.1.D)2) above, and capable of supporting
Energy Efficient Ethernet (IEEE Standard 802.3az) 3, shall be connected to a network switch orrouter that also supports Energy Efficient Ethernet for the duration of the test.

1586) The tester shall configure the address layer of the protocol, taking note of the following:

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1) Internet Protocol (IP) v4 and IPv6 have neighbor discovery and will generally configure alimited, non-routable connection automatically.

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2) IP can be configured manually or by using Dynamic Host Configuration Protocol (DHCP) withan address in the 192.168.1.x Network Address Translation (NAT) address space if the UUT
does not behave normally when autoIP is used. The network shall be configured to support
the NAT address space and/or autoIP.

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3) The UUT shall maintain this live connection to the network for the duration of testing unlessotherwise specified in this Test Method, disregarding any brief lapses (e.g., whentransitioning between link speeds).

2 Also referred to as a Parallel or Centronics interface.
3 Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers (IEEE) Standard 802.3az-2010. “IEEE Standard forInformation Technology—Telecommunications and Information Exchange Between Systems—Local andMetropolitan Area Networks—Specific Requirements—Part 3: Carrier Sense Multiple Access with
Collision Detection (CSMA/CD) Access Method and Physical Layer Specifications.” 2010.

ENERGY STAR Program Requirements for Imaging Equipment – Test Method (Rev. Nov-2018)

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E) Service/Maintenance Modes: Non-Professional Imaging Products shall never be inservice/maintenance modes, including color calibration, during testing.

1701) Service/Maintenance modes shall be disabled prior to testing.

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2) Manufacturers shall provide instructions detailing how to disable service/maintenance modes if
this information is not included in the product documentation packaged with the UUT or is notreadily available online.

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3) If service/maintenance modes cannot be disabled and a service/maintenance mode occurs
during a job other than the first job, the results from the job with the service/maintenance modeshall be replaced with results from a substitute job. In this case, the substitute job shall beinserted into the test procedure immediately following Job 4 and the inclusion of the substitute job
shall be reported. Each job period shall be 15 minutes.

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5.2

Configuration for MFDs with Fax Capability

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A) All MFDs with fax capability that connect to a telephone line shall be connected to a telephone line
during the test, in addition to the network connection specified by Table 6 if the UUT is network
capable.

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1841) In the case that a working phone line is not available, a line simulator may be used as areplacement.

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5.3

Configuration for Digital Duplicators

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A) Except as noted below, digital duplicators shall be configured and tested as printers or MFDs,
depending on their capabilities as-shipped.

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1) Digital duplicators shall be tested at maximum claimed speed, which is also the speed that should
be used to determine the job size for performing the test, not at the default as-shipped speed, if
different.

1912) For digital duplicators, there shall be only one original image.

192

6 PRE-TEST UUT INITIALIZATION FOR ALL PRODUCTS

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6.1

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A) Prior to the start of testing, the UUT shall be initialized as follows:

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General Initialization
1) Set up the UUT per the instructions in the Manufacturer’s Instructions or documentation.

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a) Accessories, such as paper source, that are shipped with the base product and are intended
to be installed or attached by the end-user shall be installed as intended for the productmodel. Paper shall be placed in all paper sources designated to hold the paper specified fortesting, and the UUT shall pull from the default paper source, using the as-shipped paper
source settings.

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b) If the product is connected to a computer, either directly or via a network, during the test, thecomputer shall be running the newest version of the manufacturer’s default driver available atthe time of testing using settings corresponding to the default settings upon shipment, unlessotherwise specified in this test method. The print driver version used for testing shall berecorded.

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i)

In the event that a setting does not have a default and is not defined in this test method,
the setting shall be set according to the tester’s discretion and shall be recorded.

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ii)

When connecting via a network and multiple computers are connected to the network,
print driver settings apply only to the computer sending the print jobs to the UUT.

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c) For products designed to operate on battery power when not connected to the mains powersource, the battery shall be removed for all tests. For UUTs where operation without a battery
pack is not a supported configuration, the test shall be performed with fully charged batterypack(s) installed, making sure to report this configuration in the test results. To ensure thebattery is fully charged, perform the following steps:

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i)

For UUTs that have an indicator to show that the battery is fully charged, continue
charging for an additional 5 hours after the indication is present.

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ii)

If there is no charge indicator, but the manufacturer’s instructions provide a time estimate
for when charging this battery or this capacity of battery should be complete, continue
charging for an additional 5 hours after the manufacturer’s indication.

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iii) If there is no indicator and no time estimate in the instructions, the duration shall be 24
hours.

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2) Connect the UUT to its power source.

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3) Power on the UUT and perform initial system configuration, as applicable. Verify that default
delay times are configured according to product specifications and/or manufacturer
recommendations.

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a) Product Speed for Testing All Products: All products, except digital duplicators, shall betested with speed settings in their default as-shipped configuration. Digital duplicators shallbe tested at maximum claimed speed as required in Section 5.3.

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Note: EPA and DOE have clarified that digital duplicators shall be tested at their maximum claimed
speed.

231232b) Auto-off for TEC Products: If a printer, digital duplicator, or MFD with print-capability has
Auto-off capability and it is enabled as-shipped, it shall be disabled prior to testing.

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c) Auto-off for OM Products: If a product has an Auto-off Mode enabled as-shipped, it shallremain enabled for the duration of testing.

2354) User-controllable anti-humidity features shall be turned off or disabled for the duration of testing.

2365) Pre-conditioning: Place the UUT in Off Mode, then let the UUT sit idle for 15 minutes.

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a) For EP-TEC products, let the UUT sit in Off Mode for an additional 105 minutes, for a total ofat least 120 minutes (2 hours).

239b) Pre-conditioning is only required prior to beginning the first test on each UUT.

240

7 TYPICAL ENERGY CONSUMPTION (TEC) TEST PROCEDURE

241

7.1

242

A) Jobs per Day: The number of jobs per day (NJOBS) is specified in Table 7.

Job Structure

ENERGY STAR Program Requirements for Imaging Equipment – Test Method (Rev. Nov-2018)

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Table 7: Number of Jobs per Day (NJOBS)

243

Monochrome ProductSpeed, s(ipm)s≤8
8 < s < 32s ≥ 32

Jobs perDay(NJOBS)
8
s
32

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247

B) Images per Job: The number of images shall be computed according to Equation 2, below. For
convenience, Table 11 at the end of this document provides the resultant images per job computationfor each integer product speed up through 100 ipm.

248

Equation 2: Calculation of Number of Images per Job

1

𝑠𝑠 < 4(0.5 × 𝑠𝑠
𝑁𝑁𝐼𝐼𝐼𝐼𝐼𝐼𝐼𝐼𝐼𝐼𝐼𝐼 = ��� 𝑠𝑠 ≥ 4
𝒊𝒊𝒊𝒊𝒊𝒊 �
𝑁𝑁𝐽𝐽𝐽𝐽𝐽𝐽𝐽𝐽

249
250
251
252
253
254
255
256
257
258

2)

Where:• NIMAGES is the number of images per job, rounded down
(truncated) to the nearest integer,• s is the product speed in images per minute (ipm), calculated in
section 5.1.B), of this test procedure, and• NJOBS is the number of jobs per day, as calculated per Table 7.
C) Test Image: Test Pattern A from ISO/IEC Standard 10561:1999 shall be used as the original image
for all testing.

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1) Test images shall be rendered in 10 point size in a fixed-width Courier font (or nearest
equivalent).

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2) German-specific characters need not be reproduced if the product is incapable of German
character reproduction.

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D) Print Jobs: Print jobs for the test shall be sent over the network connection designated in Table 6
immediately before printing each job.

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267

1) Each image in a print job shall be sent separately, (i.e., all images may be part of the same
document), but shall not be specified in the document as multiple copies of a single original
image (unless the product is a digital duplicator).

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2) For printers and MFDs that can interpret a page description language (PDL) (e.g., PrinterCommand Language PCL, Postscript), images shall be sent to the product in a PDL.

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E) Copy Jobs:

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1) For products with copying capability and with speed less than or equal to 20 ipm, there shall be
one original per required image.

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275
276

2) For products with copying capability and with speed greater than 20 ipm, it may not be possible tomatch the number of required original images (i.e., due to limits on document feeder capacity). In
this case, it is permissible to make multiple copies of each original, and the number of originals
shall be greater than or equal to ten.

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Example: For a 50 ipm unit that requires 39 images per job, the test may be performed with four
copies of 10 originals or three copies of 13 originals.

2793) Originals may be placed in the document feeder before the test begins.

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a) Products without a document feeder may make all images from a single original placed on
the platen.

282

7.2

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285

A) Measurement of TEC shall be conducted according to Table 8 for printers, digital duplicators, andMFDs with print capability, and Table 9 for digital duplicators and MFDs without print capability,
subject to the following provisions:2861) Paper: There shall be sufficient paper in the UUT to perform the specified print or copy jobs.

287
288
289
290

2) Duplexing: Products shall be tested in simplex mode, unless the speed of duplex mode output isgreater than the speed of simplex mode output, in which case they shall be tested in duplex
mode. In all cases, the mode in which the unit was tested and the print speed used must be
documented. Originals for copying shall be simplex images.

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3) Energy Measurement Method: All measurements shall be recorded as accumulated energy overtime, in Wh; all time shall be recorded in minutes.

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Measurement Proceduresa) “Zero meter” references may be accomplished by recording the accumulated energy
consumption at that time rather than physically zeroing the meter.

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Table 8: TEC Test Procedure for Printers,
Digital Duplicators with Print Capability, and MFDs with Print Capability
InitialState

Action1

Off

Connect the UUT to the meter. Ensure
the unit is powered and in Off Mode.
Zero the meter; measure energy over
5 minutes or more. Record both energy
and time.

2

Off

3

4

Step

5

6

Unit ofMeasureOff energy

Watt-hours(Wh)

Testing
Interval time

Minutes(min)

Turn on unit. Wait until unit indicates it isin Ready Mode.

–

–

–

Ready

Print a job of at least one output image
but no more than a single job per Table
11. Measure and record time to firstsheet exiting unit.

Active0 time

Seconds
(s)

–

Ready
(or other)

Wait until the meter shows that the unit
has entered its final Sleep Mode or thetime specified by the manufacturer.

Default delay
time to Sleep,tDEFAULT

Minutes
(min)

–

Sleep

Zero meter; measure energy and timeover 1 hour. Record the energy andtime.

Sleep energy,
ESLEEP

Watt-hours(Wh)

Sleep time,tSLEEP (≤ 1 hr)

Minutes(min)

Job1 energy,
EJOB1

Watt-hours
(Wh)

Sleep

Zero meter and timer. Print one job(calculated above). Measure energy andtime. Record time to first sheet exiting
unit. Measure energy over 15 minutes
from job initiation. The job must finish
within the 15 minutes.

Active1 time

Seconds(s)

Job2 energy,
EJOB2

Watt-hours(Wh)

Active2 time

Seconds
(s)

Off

Sleep

Recovery,
Active,Ready,
Sleep

Same as
above

Ready
(or other)

Repeat Step 6.

8

Ready
(or other)

Repeat Step 6 (without Active timemeasurement).

Job3 energy,
EJOB3

Watt-hours(Wh)

Same as
above

9

Ready
(or other)

Repeat Step 6 (without Active timemeasurement).

Job4 energy,
EJOB4

Watt-hours(Wh)

Same asabove

Final energy,
EFINAL

Watt-hours
(Wh)

Ready
(or other)

Zero meter and timer. Measure energy
and time until meter and/or unit showsthat unit has entered Sleep Mode or the
final Sleep Mode for units with multiple
Sleep modes, or the time specified by
the manufacturer, if provided. Record
energy and time.

Final time,
tFINAL

Minutes
(min)

7

10

297
298
299

PossibleStatesMeasured

Record (atend of step)

Ready,
Sleep

Note: Steps 4 and 10: For those units that do not indicate when they have entered the Final Sleep Mode,manufacturers shall specify the time to Final Sleep Mode for testing purposes.

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Table 9: TEC Test Procedure for Digital Duplicators
without Print Capability and MFDs without Print Capability
InitialState

Action1

Off

Connect the UUT to the meter. Ensure
the unit is powered and in Off Mode. Zerothe meter; measure energy over
5 minutes or more. Record both energy
and time.

2

Off

3

4

Step

5

6

Unit ofMeasureOff energy

Watt-hours(Wh)

Testing
Interval time

Minutes(min)

Turn on unit. Wait until unit has entered
Ready Mode.

–

–

–

Ready

Copy a job of at least one image but nomore than a single job per Table 11.
Measure and record time to first sheet
exiting unit

Active0 time

Seconds
(s)

–

Ready
(or other)

Wait until the meter shows that the unit
has entered its final Sleep Mode or thetime specified by the manufacturer andmeasure the default time to sleep

Default delay
time to Sleep,tDEFAULT

Minutes
(min)

–

Sleep

Zero meter; measure energy and timeover 1 hour or until unit enters Auto-off
Mode. Record the energy and time.

Sleep energy,
ESLEEP

Watt-hours(Wh)

Sleep time,tSLEEP (≤ 1 hr)

Minutes(min)

Job1 energy,
EJOB1

Watt-hours
(Wh)

Sleep

Zero meter and timer. Copy one job(calculated above). Measure and record
energy and time to first sheet exiting unit.
Measure energy over 15 minutes from job
initiation. The job must finish within the 15
minutes.

Active1 time

Seconds(s)

Job2 energy,
EJOB2

Watt-hours(Wh)

Active2 time

Seconds
(s)

Off

Sleep

Recovery,
Active,Ready,
Sleep,
Auto-offReady(or other)

Repeat Step 6.

8

Ready
(or other)

Repeat Step 6 (without Active timemeasurement).

Job3 energy,
EJOB3

Watt-hours(Wh)

Same as
above

9

Ready
(or other)

Repeat Step 6 (without Active timemeasurement).

Job4 energy,
EJOB4

Watt-hours(Wh)

Same asabove

Final energy,
EFINAL

Watt-hours
(Wh)

Ready
(or other)

Zero meter and timer. Measure energy
and time until meter and/or unit showsthat unit has entered its Auto-off Mode or
the time specified by the manufacturer.
Record energy and time; if unit began thisstep while in Auto-off Mode, report both
energy and time values as zero.

Final time,
tFINAL

Minutes(min)

Auto-offenergy,EAUTO

Watt-hours(Wh)

Auto-off time,tAUTO

Minutes
(min)

7

10

11

302
303

PossibleStatesMeasured

RecordAuto-off

Zero the meter; measure energy and timeover 5 minutes or more. Record both
energy and time.

Same asabove

Ready,
Sleep

Auto-off

Note: Steps 4 and 10: For those units that do not indicate when they have entered the Final Sleep Mode,manufacturers shall specify the time to Final Sleep Mode for testing purposes.

ENERGY STAR Program Requirements for Imaging Equipment – Test Method (Rev. Nov-2018)

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304

8 OPERATIONAL MODE (OM) TEST PROCEDURE

305

8.1

306
307

A) Measurement of OM power and delay times shall be conducted according to Table 10, subject to thefollowing provisions:

308
309

1) Power Measurements: All power measurements shall be made using either the average power oraccumulated energy approaches as described below:

310
311

a) Average Power Method: The true average power shall be measured over the course of auser selected period, which shall be no less than 5 minutes.

312
313
314
315
316
317
318
319
320
321
322

Measurement Proceduresi)

For those modes that do not last 5 minutes, the true average power shall be measured
over the mode’s entire duration.

b) Accumulated Energy Approach: If the test instrument is incapable of measuring the trueaverage power, the accumulated energy consumption over the course of a user selectedperiod shall be measured. The test period shall be no less than 5 minutes. The average
power shall be determined by dividing the accumulated energy consumption (in watt-hours)by the time of the test period (in hours).
i)

For those modes that do not last 5 minutes, the accumulated energy consumption shallbe measured over the mode’s entire duration.

c) If the power consumption of the tested mode is periodic, then the test duration shall containone or more complete periods.

ENERGY STAR Program Requirements for Imaging Equipment – Test Method (Rev. Nov-2018)

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323

324
325
326
327
328
329
330
331
332
333
334
335
336
337
338
339

Table 10: Operational Mode (OM) Test Procedure
Step

Initial
State

1

Off

Plug the UUT into meter. Turn on unit.
Wait until unit indicates it is in Ready
Mode.

–

2

Ready

Print, copy, or scan a single image.

–

3

Ready

Measure Ready power.

4

Ready

Wait and measure Default Delay Time to
Sleep.

5

Sleep

Measure Sleep power.

6

Sleep

Wait and measure default delay time toAuto-off. (Disregard if no Auto-off Mode).

7

Autooff

Measure Auto-off power. (Disregard if noAuto-off Mode).

8Autooff

9

Off

Action(s)Manually turn device off and wait until unit
is off. (If no manual on-off switch, note andwait for lowest-power Sleep state).
Measure Off power. (If no manual on-off
switch, note and measure Sleep Modepower).

RecordReady power,
PREADY
Sleep defaultdelay time,tDEFAULT
Sleep power,
PSLEEP
Auto-off
default-delay
time

Unit ofMeasureWatts (W)
Minutes (min)Watts (W)
Minutes (min)Auto-off power
PAUTO-OFF

Watts (W)––

Off power
POFF

Watts (W)

Notes:• Step 1 – If the unit has no Ready indicator, use the time at which the power consumption levelstabilizes to the Ready level, and note this detail when reporting the product test data.
• Step 4 – The Default Delay Time shall be measured starting from the completion of the job until
the unit enters Sleep Mode.
• Steps 4 and 5 – For products with more than one Sleep level, repeat these steps as many times
as necessary to capture all successive Sleep levels and report these data. Two Sleep levels are
typically used in MFDs that use high-heat marking technologies. For products lacking this Mode,
disregard Steps 4 and 5.
• Steps 4 and 5 – For products without a Sleep Mode, perform and record measurements from
Ready Mode.
• Steps 4 and 6 – Default-delay time measurements are to be measured in parallel fashion,
cumulative from the start of Step 4. For example, a product set to enter a Sleep level in 15
minutes and enter a second Sleep level 30 minutes after entering the first Sleep level will have a
15-minute default-delay time to the first level and a 45 minute default-delay time to the second
level.

ENERGY STAR Program Requirements for Imaging Equipment – Test Method (Rev. Nov-2018)

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341

9 TEST PROCEDURES FOR PRODUCTS WITH A DIGITAL FRONTEND (DFE)

342
343

This step applies only to products that have a DFE as defined in Section 1 of the ENERGY STAR
Program Requirements for Imaging Equipment.

344

9.1

345
346

A) Products that are network-capable as-shipped shall be connected during testing. The network
connection used shall be determined using Table 6.

347
348
349

B) If the DFE has a separate main power cord, regardless of whether the cord and controller are internalor external to the imaging product, a 10 minute power measurement of the DFE alone shall be made,and the average power recorded while the main product is in Ready Mode.

350
351
352
353

C) If the DFE does not have a separate main power cord, the tester shall measure the dc power required
for the DFE when the unit as a whole is in Ready Mode. This will most commonly be accomplished bytaking an instantaneous power measurements of each dc input into the DFE and adding them
together for the total dc power.

354

9.2

355
356
357

This testing shall be performed to obtain the Sleep Mode power of a DFE device over a 1 hour period.
The resulting value will be used to qualify Imaging Equipment products that incorporate DFEs with
network-capable Sleep Modes.

358
359

A) Products that are network-capable as-shipped shall be connected during testing. The network
connection used shall be determined using Table 6.

360
361
362
363

B) If the DFE has a separate main power cord, regardless of whether the cord and controller are internalor external to the imaging product, a 1 hour power measurement of the DFE alone shall be made,and the average power recorded while the main product is in Sleep Mode. At the end of the 1 hour
power measurement, a print job shall be sent to the main product to ensure the DFE is responsive.

364
365
366
367
368

C) If the DFE does not have a separate main power cord, the tester shall measure the dc power required
for the DFE when the unit as a whole is in Sleep Mode. A 1 hour power measurement of the dc input
to the DFE shall be made, and the average power recorded while the main product is in Sleep Mode.
At the end of the 1 hour power measurement, a print job shall be sent to the main product to ensure
the DFE is responsive.

369D) In cases B) and C), the following requirements apply:

370

1) Manufacturers shall provide information on:

340

Ready Mode DFE Test

Sleep Mode DFE Test

371a) Whether DFE Sleep Mode is enabled as-shipped; and372b) The expected time to sleep of the DFE.

373
374
375
376

2) If the DFE does not respond to the print request at the end of 1 hour, the Ready Mode power
level measured in the test method shall be reported as the Sleep Mode power.
Note: All information specified or provided by manufacturers for product testing shall be publicly available.

377

10 REFERENCES

378
379

A) ISO/IEC 10561:1999. Information technology — Office equipment — Printing devices — Method
for measuring throughput — Class 1 and Class 2 printers.

380B) IEC 62301:2011. Household Electrical Appliances – Measurement of Standby Power. Ed. 2.0.

ENERGY STAR Program Requirements for Imaging Equipment – Test Method (Rev. Nov-2018)

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381

Table 11: Number of Images per Day Calculated for Product Speeds, s, from 1 to 100 ipm

Speed
(ipm)

Jobs/Day(from Table
7, used only
to calculate
Images/Job)

Unrounded
Images/ Job

Images/
Job

1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
15
16
17
18
19
20
21
22
23
24
25
26
27
28
29
30
31
32
33
34
35
36
37
38
39
40
41
42
43
44
45
46
47
48
49
50

8
8
8
8
8
8
8
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
15
16
17
18
19
20
21
22
23
24
25
26
27
28
29
30
31
32
32
32
32
32
32
32
32
32
32
32
32
32
32
32
32
32
32
32

0.06
0.25
0.56
1.00
1.56
2.25
3.06
4.00
4.50
5.00
5.50
6.00
6.50
7.00
7.50
8.00
8.50
9.00
9.50
10.00
10.50
11.00
11.50
12.00
12.50
13.00
13.50
14.00
14.50
15.00
15.50
16.00
17.02
18.06
19.14
20.25
21.39
22.56
23.77
25.00
26.27
27.56
28.89
30.25
31.64
33.06
34.52
36.00
37.52
39.06

1
1
1
1
1
2
3
4
4
5
5
6
6
7
7
8
8
9
9
10
10
11
11
12
12
13
13
14
14
15
15
16
17
18
19
20
21
22
23
25
26
27
28
30
31
33
34
36
37
39

Speed
(ipm)

Jobs/Day(from Table
7, used only
to calculate
Images/Job

Unrounded
Images/Job

Images
/ Job

51
52
53
54
55
56
57
58
59
60
61
62
63
64
65
66
67
68
69
70
71
72
73
74
75
76
77
78
79
80
81
82
83
84
85
86
87
88
89
90
91
92
93
94
95
96
97
98
99
100

32
32
32
32
32
32
32
32
32
32
32
32
32
32
32
32
32
32
32
32
32
32
32
32
32
32
32
32
32
32
32
32
32
32
32
32
32
32
32
32
32
32
32
32
32
32
32
32
32
32

40.64
42.25
43.89
45.56
47.27
49.00
50.77
52.56
54.39
56.25
58.14
60.06
62.02
64.00
66.02
68.06
70.14
72.25
74.39
76.56
78.77
81.00
83.27
85.56
87.89
90.25
92.64
95.06
97.52
100.00102.52105.06
107.64110.25112.89115.56118.27121.00123.77126.56129.39132.25135.14138.06141.02144.00147.02150.06153.14156.25

40
42
43
45
47
49
50
52
54
56
58
60
62
64
66
68
70
72
74
76
78
81
83
85
87
90
92
95
97
100
102
105
107
110
112
115
118
121
123
126
129
132
135
138
141
144
147
150
153
156

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