CNAS国際交流.02

News Letter

Vol

Covid-19下における世界の看護教育

2021年02⽉号

新型コロナ感染症の影響で，本学でも授業はZoomになり，実習や演習も通常とは異なる形態になっています．
世界の看護⼤学ではどのような教育が⾏われているのでしょうか︖
アメリカ，ブラジル，南アフリカ共和国の先⽣⽅にレポートしていただきました．
英⽂をそのまま掲載しているので，ぜひ原⽂で読んでみましょう︕

The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, USA
In Spring and Summer of 2020, we had some in person clinicals andsome virtual clinicals for the first time. Virtual clinicals involve online
case studies, virtual simulations, and software packages with avatarbased patients. Clinical groups consist of 8 students, which is not achange. Our classes were delivered synchronous and online only.
Currently in Fall 2020, all off campus clinicals are running as usual sostudents are in the hospital and community setting as they were preCOVID. Classes remain online. Our skills labs are hybrid so students arein person in our building (with face masks and shields on) sociallydistanced one week and learn virtual the next. We anticipate Spring
2021 to look like this Fall.
We use ExamSoft for our exams and faculty zoom to observe theexams being taken.

アメリカ合衆国
ノースカロライナ州

Dr. Louise K Fleming
Associate Dean ofthe Undergraduate
Program（副学部⻑）

ノースカロライナ⼤学は全⽶最古の公⽴⼤学で伝統があり，そのキャンパスはアメリカで最も美しいキャンパス10選に選ばれるほど有名です．オンラインと対⾯演習を組み合わせたり，試験はExamSoftを使いながら教員がズームで学⽣さんが試験をしている様⼦を観察しているようです．
ノースカロライナ⼤学チャペルヒル校看護学部ウェブサイト https://nursing.unc.edu/
ExamSoft https://examsoft.com/

The Federal University of Minas Gerais (UFMG), Brazil
HOW ACADEMIC LIFE HAS BEEN TRANSFORMED DURING THE
PANDEMIA
Since March of this year, due to the Covid-19 pandemic most of UFMCʼs
activities -including undergraduate and graduate activities- have been
carried our remotely and it will keep in this way for an indefinite period oftime, until the disease is under control.
The School of Nursing created the Internal Committee for Monitoring theNew Cronavirus Prevention and Coping Actions to define measures of social
restriction and of students, professors and technical-administrative staff
protection.
Professor Sonia Maria Soares, Dean of School of Nursing, highlights that
“The pandemic spurred a process of creating different training projects forhealth professionals using digital technologies, especially in the nursing area.
Several projects were proposed and resulted in educational materials,
Protocols, and intervention proposals. The number of research projects withDifferent data collection strategies is also note worthy, including some that
already have partial administrative staff and students demonstrate all that
Dr. Elysângela Dittz
was built in this process.”
DuarteIn addition, there is a Professor from the Maternal and Child Health
Associate Professor
Department working with the team of the Virology Laboratories of theInstitute of Biological Sciences and the Veterinary School of the University in （准教授）
the diagnosis of SARS-CoV-2. They work processing and analyzing biologicalsamples from people suspected Covid-19 hospitalized in hospitals of theState of Minas Gerais.

-1-The Federal University of Minas Gerais (UFMG), Brazil（つづき）
MENTAL HEALTH
According to the WHO, added to social isolation, the risks and uncertainties caused by the current
coronavirus pandemic have worked as an additional source for the populationʼs stress and anxiety.
In face of this reality, the Permanent Commission on Mental Health and the Mental Health Network at
UFMG have developed a wide distance hosting project to support the university community that includes
the Mental Health Website Launched by UFMG. Besides, other projects were created at the School of
Nursing in this area.
ONLINE EVENT
Several events that traditionally tool place in-person kept
their schedules, but now adapted to the new reality, suchas happened to the commemoration of the Nursing Week.
For the first time, it had an online program with videoconference addressing many issues and an expressive
participation of our academic community and externalpublic.
The Virtual Health Library Nursing has launched two
knowledge Displays: Nursing and Covid-19 and Nursing
Work in Latin America & Caribbean. The Knowledge
Display is a VHL resource that seeks to highlight documents
and selected information on relevant health topics. It issupposed to work as a display itself, drawing attention to aselected and representative set of content related a given
theme.
Nursing and Covid-19 aims to systematize anddisseminate technical-scientific nursing literature as well as
documents and initiatives that express the participation ofnursing to face the Covid-19, through research andscientific production and enable the exchange and sharingof knowledge among researchers.

https://www.ufmg.br/saudemental/

Nursing work in Latin America & Caribbean aims to highlight and systematize
scientific production on the nursing workforce in Latin America and inCaribbean with emphasis on infometry; innovations, inventions andtechnologies; education; global health; student protagonism and theconfrontation of Covid-19 at the International Year of Nursing and Midwife.
RETURN OF ACTIVITIES ATTENDANCE
Undergraduate students of the Primary Health Care Internship have already
returned to practice fields, both in the cites of the interior of Minas Gerais, aswell as in Belo Horizonte city and metropolitan area.
FINAL MESSAGE
The pandemic is teaching us to live one day at a time and learn from which
we are experiencing. Time and science, through the studies that are being
carried out, are showing us the way. The moment is still of many challenges
and generates a lot of learning. Amid so many feelings that emerged withsocial distance, we cannot lose the sense of struggle, home, resilience andsolidarity.
UFMG School of Nursing Board of directors

ミナス・ジェライス連邦⼤学は，ブラジルで最も⼤規模な連邦⼤学です．看護学部は1933年に設⽴されました．看護学，栄養学，健康サービスマネージャー学の学部，修⼠，博⼠課程をもっています．
この⼤学では，コロナ下でのメンタルヘルスサポートや様々な取り組みがなされていますね．
ミナス・ジェライス連邦⼤学ウェブサイト https://www.ufmg.br/english/conheca/index.shtml
Nursing and Covid-19
https://bvsenfermeria.bvsalud.org/vitrinas/post_vitrines/enfermagem-covid-19/
Nursing Work in Latin America & Caribbean
https://bvsenfermeria.bvsalud.org/vitrinas/post_vitrines/trabalho-da-enfermagem-na-america-latinacaribe/-2-University of KwaZulu-Natal (UKZN), Durban, South Africa
The University of KwaZulu-Natal (UKZN) Nursing Discipline islocated in Howard College Campus in Durban, KwaZulu-Natal
Province, South Africa. It offers a wide range of undergraduate andpostgraduate programmes. UKZN Nursing Discipline is one of
the four World Health Organization Collaborating Centres (WHOCCs)
for Nursing and Midwifery in the Africa region. As a WHOCC, it has along history of collaborating with WHO in strengthening nursing andmidwifery workforce and leadership across the region through awide range of activities. The Covid-19 pandemic has however
brought an unexpected paradigm shift in operations of the Nursing
Discipline, leading to the utilization of e-learning tools and platforms
for remote teaching, learning and research supervision.
COVID-19 and the Bachelor of Nursing students at UKZNThe Bachelor of Nursing is a full time four-year comprehensive
programme with a strong community-based and primary healthfocus. The programme includes fundamental nursing, preventive &promotive heath, general medical-surgical nursing, midwifery andmental health nursing, as well as various social sciences, anatomy,physiology and pharmacology. During the four years students arerequired to complete their clinical hours in the various clinics,
hospitals, community placements within KwaZulu-Natal, thus
equipping the students to become clinically competent.

Dr. Fikile Mtshali
Academic Leader forNursing（看護学部アカデミックリーダー）

Dr. Dorien Wentzel
Programme
coordinator for theBachelor of Nursing（看護学部プログラムコーディネーター）

2020 has been a challenge for both students and lecturers. Overnight in March 2020
academic programmes were suspended to prevent community transmission. The students had to betransported back to their homes – some of them living in very rural/remote areas. The students werescared and confused about all the sudden changes and what they meant in terms of delaying their studies.
The lecturers had to quickly establish a way of communicating with the students. As internet was notaccessible to all students (especiallythose in the rural areas) other digital methods such as WhatsApp had to be used. All teaching was done
virtually – using the UKZN online learning platform, Zoom and WhatsApp. Initially, some students
encountered problems with connectivity however, lecturers found other ways to assist the students andUKZN provided free data. When 33% of the students were allowed to return to campus, students wereplaced under quarantine for two weeks, underwent COVID testing, and completed compulsory WHO
modules on hand hygiene and COVID-19 before being introduced back into the clinical areas. Students
expressed concerns about going back to the clinical placements. The lecturers and UKZN student services
clinical psychologists held Zoom meetings with students to allow them to discuss their fears. On
completion of the quarantine period, students returned to clinical placements, armed with PPEʼs. Clinicalsupervision and support took place virtually.
The Discipline of Nursing has a very well-developed Clinical Skills Laboratory (CSL), where our studentspractice their clinical skills. The CSL was opened under strict COVID-19 measures, thereby allowing
students to practice their clinical skills:• All videos showing how to learn various clinical procedures were uploaded onto our student learning
platform so students could access them at home and still keep learning. They then needed to spend
minimal time in the CSL being evaluated.
• Virtual ward rounds using simulated patients were conducted in the CSL and recorded; these wereposted online to be accessed by all the students.
• The CSL strictly adhered to COVID-19 policies at UKZN, i.e. spacing between beds, only seven students
allowed in the CSL at any one time, sanitizing in between students.
クワズール・ナタール⼤学は，2004年に２つの⼤学が統合して設⽴され，５つのキャンパスをもっています．
本学と同じくZoomを使った講義や，バーチャルシミュレーションを使っての実習，ソーシャルディスタンスを配慮しての対⾯演習が実施されているようですね．
クワズール・ナタール⼤学ウェブサイト https://ukzn.ac.za/
今年度はニュースレターを2号発行しました．1号で紹介した香港理工大学，2号で紹介した3大学について，質問や感想などがありましたら，2月26日（金）までお受けします！各大学の先生方にフィードバックしますので，この機会にぜひ質問，ご意見，感想を下記まで！
国際交流しましょう♫ ※日本語で結構です．
https://forms.gle/Lscb5NAL7m92UAmf7-3-

このCovid-19パンデミックは世界中の看護学⽣さんに影響を与えています．どの国の⼤学も，オンラインを⽤いた講義，演習，実習，試験をしたり，ソーシャルディスタンスに配慮した対⾯演習をされていることがわかります．このような環境下ですが，知恵を出し合って，良い教育，良い学習ができるようにがんばりたいですね︕

発行：国際交流推進委員会
News Letter 担当：本田順子