Joint 1st and 2nd IPCC Expert Meeting on SLCFs
11-22 October 2021

EMEP/EEA METHODOLOGY ON SLCFs
TFEIP co-chairs
Chris Dore, Aether UK, Martin Adams, EEA
Richard Claxton, Aether UK, Kristina Saarinen, SYKE FI

EMEP/EEA EMISSION INVENTORY GUIDEBOOKCLRTAP UNECE Convention on Long-Range Transboundary Air Pollution
EEA

European Environment Agency

EMEP

European Monitoring and Evaluation Programme

NECD

EU National Emissions Ceilings DirectiveTFEIP

Task Force on Emission Inventories and Projections (EMEP)EMEP/EEA EMISSION INVENTORY GUIDEBOOK
https://www.eea.europa.eu/publications/emep-eea-guidebook-2019
To support emission inventories underUNECE CLRTAP & EU NECD
Published since 1994, versions 2019, 2016, 2013,2009, 2007, 2006, 2002, 2001, 1999, 1996
Users are recommended to refer to thelatest version, currently September 2019
Next version is scheduled for 2023
Updates every 3-4 years to reflect the latest scientificfindings and knowledge – a list of updates is available
in a log file on the website
Emission factors can be searched online in theEmission Factor Database 2019
Guidebook maintained by TFEIP Expert Panels
Combustion and Industry
TransportAgriculture and NatureProjections

Russian translation of the 2019 version of the Guidebook

https://www.eea.europa.eu/ru/publications/rukovodstvo-emep-eaos-po-inventarizaciivybrosov-2019

EMEP/EEA GB METHODS FOR AIR POLLUTANTS 1/3
All sources covered in the Guidebook for

Inventories obligatory since

Mainpollutants

SOx NOx NMVOC NH3 CO

Base year (1980’s) + since 1990

Particles

TSP PM10 PM2.5 BC

2000

Heavy Metals

As, Cd, Cr, Cu, Hg, Ni, Pb, Se, Zn

Base year + since 1990

Persistent organic compounds

PAHs, PCDD/F, HCB, PCBs

Base year + since 1990Particles

Guidebook provides information if the EFs represent the total primary particles or the filterable PM fraction

BC Emission factors

─ Fractions PM2.5 (PM10) emissions

EmissionBC = EFPM2.5*Activity data *Speciation factor

─ Sources covered: Biomass burning, Wildfires, Mobile sources, Industry, Waste incineration
TFEIP BC Group 2020 ─ Literature review to classify Guidebook EFs: the EFs mostly equal to EC (elemental carbon) rBC or eBC
─ Updates needed for priority sectors: Small scale combustion, Open burning, Forest fires, Refinery flaring, O&G
production, Transport─ Guidebook annexes to include consistent tabular information on the carbon speciation
─ BC speciation factors only to be applied on PM EFs that include condensables. Guidance to be included on how toapply BC EFs to default / country-specific PM EFs and on where alternate approaches may increase uncertainties.
─ Implement clear definitions of pollutants, EF units, measurements
─ A shared online space to collect BC research information

BC INVENTORIES UNDER UNECE CLRTAP/ EU NECD
Reported in 201790

Azerbaijan

90

Albania
Armenia

Belarus

Azerbaijan

Belgium

Belarus

Bulgaria

80Reported in 2021

CanadaBelgium80

Bulgaria
CanadaCroatia

Croatia

CyprusCyprusCzechia70

Denmark

Czechia70

Denmark

Estonia

Estonia

FinlandFinlandFrance60

Georgia
Germany

Georgia
Germany

GreeceGreeceHungary

Hungary

Iceland

50

France60

Ireland

Iceland50

Ireland
Italy

Italy

Kazakhstan

Kazakhstan
Latvia40

Lithuania

Kyrgyzstan
Latvia40

Lithuania

Malta

Malta

MonacoNetherlands

30

N Macedonia

MonacoMontenegro

30

Netherlands

NorwayN Macedonia

PolandNorwayPolandPortugal

20

R. Moldova

Portugal

20

R. Moldova

Romania

Romania

SerbiaSerbiaSlovakia

10Slovenia
Spain

Slovakia

10Slovenia
Spain

SwedenSwedenSwitzerland

01990

United Kingdom

1995

2000

2005

2010

2015

United States

Switzerland

01990

Ukraine

1995

2000

2005

2010

2015

United Kingdom
United States

EMEP/EEA GB METHODS FOR AIR POLLUTANTS 2/3
The scope of the Guidebook is UNECE (United Nations Economic Council for Europe)and the EEA (European Environment Agency)─Many EFs originate in international literature─Several sources that are relevant in developing countries (e.g. cooking) are not covered─Profound documentation of the sources, process/boiler/abatement techniques, fuels/raw material andconditions as well as T1/T2/T3 methods/EFs are provided in the Guidebook, thus the EFs can be applied
anywhere in the world where the conditions, techniques, fuels etc. correspond. The TFEIP hopes to beable to review that information on regional applicability of the methods is sufficiently explained in theGuidebook.

─TFEIP works on voluntary basis (timeframes, access to references, possible outdating of sources)

Alignment of codes and methodologies
─Reporting codes (CRF/NFR) have been aligned as far as possible, note that all ghg sources are not sourcesof air pollutants

─Link between IPCC and EMEP/EEA methodologies for ”common” pollutants (UNFCCC/CLRTAP, i.e. SOx,NOx, NMVOC, CO was provided already in IPCC 2006 GL Vol 1 Ch7.2.2 and Table 7.1

TFEIP wish to avoid overlaps with the IPCC guidelines and prefers using
resources to align between the IPCC and EMEP/EEA guidance, continue good earlier
cooperation in referencing between the IPCC 2006 GLs and the EMEP/EEA GB– ideally with closer contacts between the TFI and the TFEIP

THANK YOU
TFEIP BC Grouprichard.claxton@aether.ukkristina.saarinen@environment.fi