日本地域看護学会誌

No. 19Japan Academy of Community Health Nursing
Established October 15, 1997

Vol.23 No.1, 2020

APRIL 2020

Eriko Ito

Topics of Japanese Community
Health Nursing

Graduate School of Medicine, Yokohama City
University
We are honored to receive the Best Research

1. Definition of Community HealthNursing ; We Have Just Re-defined.

Awards of Japanese Community Health Nursing forthe title of “Population-based study exploring risk
factors to locomotive syndrome among community-

Sanae Haruyama

dwelling middle-aged in an urban area: theChair of Community Health Nursing Academic

Yokohama Locomo Study”. (Vol.20, No.1, p4-11)

Term- Working Group

Japan is faced the era of the 100-year life. This
creates a pressing problem in addressing healthCommunity health nursing science is an academic

promotion activities for the middle-aged population

field that explores the contribution to theas well as care prevention for the old-aged.

improvement of quality of life and to the constructionof safe and healthy communities to support it.
Community health nursing practice aims to ensure
the continuity of people’s lives and contribute to theimprovement of quality of life through supporting thehealth and safety of people.

According to the most recent National Livelihood
Survey conducted by the Ministry of Health, Labour,and Welfare in Japan1), musculoskeletal disorders,
including osteoporotic fractures and falls, are ranked
fourth and osteoarthritis is ranked fifth among
conditions caused by locomotive syndrome. The
middle-aged population is in a period when lifestyleCommunity health nursing is a practical science that

related to locomotive organs is easily disturbed andgrasps the life of people at various health levels

health condition is easily changed due to highliving in various places continuously andresponsibility at work and at home. However, there

comprehensively and explores effective nursing careis insufficient research on prevention of locomotive

while collaborating with people and the community.

syndrome in the middle-aged population.
The purpose of this study is to explore the risk

2. Best Research Awards of JapaneseCommunity Health Nursing

factors for locomotive syndrome among communitydwelling middle-aged people in an urban area and tosuggest health promotion activities for the middle-

1) Population-based Study to Explore the Risk
Factors to Locomotive Syndrome amongcommunity-dwelling Middle-aged People in
an Urban Area

aged. This cross-sectional study involved general
citizens aged from 40 to 64 years in Yokohama City,
with a self-administered questionnaire by mail and

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physical performance tests. Data were collected on

There was a need for a partial revision of thethe presence of locomotive syndrome stage 1 (LS)Child Welfare Act and other regulations, and in

by index of stand-up test as dependent variables,

2016, the obligation of local governments todemographics, physical characteristics (blood

establish a Comprehensive Child Rearing Support

pressure, grip strength, body mass index (BMI),

Center and the 2018 Basic Act on Child

perceived ill-health), and social characteristics

Development were enacted. These will ensure that(scale of social activities, awareness of social

through cooperation between institutions the healthy

resources) as independent variables. The logistic

development of child growth is not interrupted, andregression analysis was conducted to explore riskthat the environment will be supported by society as

factors to locomotive syndrome. A total of 139

a whole.

populations participated in both the primary andWith the development of perinatal treatment,

secondary survey. The mean ± SD age wasinfants who have been treated with neonatal56.2±6.9 years, and 94 (67.6%) were female. The

intensive care at NICU, after achieving stability fromprevalence of LS was 29.5%. The logistic regression

the acute phase, and at home early in order to form

analysis indicated that BMI (OR 4.54, 95%CI 1.63-

attachment for the parent and child.

12.69), perceived ill-health (OR 0.74, 95%CI 0.55-

Needs in child rearing for mothers of children with0.99), social activities, (OR 0.75, 95%CI 0.62-0.91),

cerebral palsy discharged from Neonatal Intensive

awareness of social resources (OR 3.70, 95%CI

Care Units (NICU).

1.55-8.83) were risk factors for LS. The presentThis study employed a qualitative descriptive

study demonstrated that 30% of middle-aged people

approach with a descriptive analysis.

are facing the risk of locomotive syndrome. It is

Participants were six mothers of first-born children

suggested that health practitioners should develop(younger than 3 years) with cerebral palsy, amonginterventions to modify or maintain lifestyle, and towhom four were born with extremely low birth

create social activities for middle-aged people.

weights and two suffered from severe neonatal

Finally, we would like to thank all theasphyxia.

participants in this study, and commit to continuing

Data were collected through semi-structured

to develop the theory and practice of healthinterviews.

promotion among community-dwelling people.

From ethical considerations, the research(1) Ministry of Health, Labour, and Welfare

collaborators had the research objectives explained(2016): Comprehensive Survey of Living Conditions.

verbally and in writing, and consent was obtained inwriting.

2) Needs Related Child Rearing in Mothers with

The study was also approved by the Research

Cerebral Palsy Children Discharged from the

Ethics Committee of Tenshi College and the Ethics

Neonatal Intensive Care Units (NICU) by

Committee of the Hokkaido Medical Center for Child

Focusing on Infant Stage

Health and Rehabilitation.
Needs in child rearing for mothers of children

Satomi Morimurawith cerebral palsy were classified into nine

Hokkaido Medical Center for Child Health andcategories, and with three classifications for child-

Rehabilitation

rearing needs.

日本地域看護学会誌

1 “Needs for care involving treatment” wererelated to the following needs, and showed mothers

Vol.23 No.1, 2020

provide continuous support in cooperation with themothers toward future discharge from the NICU.

as willing to meet the basic requirements of the

Improving the child-rearing environment forchildren including diet, sleeping patterns, andmothers and children reduces the child-rearing

cleanliness, and developing the skills needed toanxiety and child-rearing burdens and promotes

conduct daily life safely.

mother-child bonding during the development of the

There were characteristic causal early classic

internalizing of the role of the mother in the child-symptoms gradually appearing in the central

rearing period and builds family support supported

nervous system functions after leaving the hospitalby nurses in early treatment and education. Flexible

NICU.

response of existing systems in the geographical2 “Needs facilitating development of the child”:
when the mothers anxiously realized the disability ofregion of residence and the establishment of achildcare support system are urgent issues

the child, they made determined efforts to ensure
the growth of the child through effective3) The Structure of Decision-making about therehabilitation at facilities for care and education.

Discharge of Persons with Early Onset

The mothers showed the desire to realize their

Dementia from a Psychiatric Facility among

feelings for the development of the children to

Family Caregivers

ensure the prospects for the future to continue frombirth to the present.
3 There were “needs in the child-rearing
environment”, such as understanding and

Yuko Tanaka
School of Nursing and Social Services, Health
Sciences University of Hokkaido

cooperation among family members, achieving

In Japan, there are around 37,000 people who

peace of mind for the medical condition andhave early onset dementia (EOD). The behavioral

childrearing from medical staff, and meeting otherand psychological symptoms of dementia (BPSD)

mothers who could share their troubles andare the main determinants for hospitalization. In

concerns, receiving adequate support from theJapan, the hospitalization period for dementia isfamily and in the child rearing conditions involved inlong and family caregivers also suffer from serious

the childrearing environment.

BPSD. Family caregivers face difficulty in making

Instability is an issue in the emotions of mothers

decisions about discharge. The family caregivers ofof children who are born with low birth weights andpersons with EOD experience a dilemma between

who suffer from severe neonatal asphyxia, at thethe dedication to care for their spouse and their own

diagnosis and when cerebral palsy is noticed, thenchanging perspectives of their future.

from infancy where rehabilitation at facilities for care

The aim of this study is to examine the structureand education starts, and also when symptoms

of decision-making among family caregivers about

appear, from the early stage of NICU hospitalization

the discharge of patients with EOD from aand continuing while observing the growth andpsychiatric hospital.

development of the child. Here it is vital for clinicalParticipants included 7 family caregivers ofand community nurses to share information throughpatients with EOD. Family caregivers were recruited

joint conferences, and by other means, and tofrom the Medical Centers for Dementia in A

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prefecture, from the families of patients with EOD.

it is necessary to enhance the social resources andAs a qualitative descriptive study, we used anprovide appropriate information for the patient withinterview guide and conducted semi-structured

EOD and their families.

interviews. Interviews focused on exploring how

Finally, we will continue to strive to contribute tofamily life changed after a person with EOD was

people with EOD and their families through our

admitted to a psychiatric hospital, the concerns ofresearch activities.

family caregivers related to discharge, and thedecisive factors for family caregivers for discharge.
This study was approved by the ethics
committees of the Department of Health Sciences in
Hokkaido University (approval number 14-39).
Participants were 7 family caregivers, comprising 5

The 6th International Nursing
Research Conference of World
Academy of Nursing Science
Session for knowledge andpractice provided by JACHN

spouses and 2 sisters. The average age ofparticipants at the time of admission was 56.3 years

1. Overview

old (48-65 years). The average length of hospital
stay was 8.5 months (2-24 months). Two people

Ayumi Kono

were discharged to home and 4 to facilities.

In Charge of International Exchange Committee,

Finally, 4 categories were extracted to assess
the structure of decision-making about the discharge

Dept. of Home Health Nursing, Osaka City
Universityof persons with EOD from a psychiatric hospital
among family caregivers.

World Academy of Nursing Science (WANS)“Responsibility of assuming care for persons

aims to contribute the health and wellbeing ofwith EOD when there is no other choice” was apeople by facilitating nursing science through global

precondition, and “realistic judgment of whether

research collaboration, scientific conference, andhome care is appropriate,” “integrated familyscholarly exchanges, founding by 17 organization

caregiver’s life and facing the person with EOD”

members regarding nursing in the world. Our

after their departure and return, and decision-society, the JACHN is one of member organizations.

making about the place of discharge were

The 6th WANS (Chairperson Prof. Noriko

considered. In addition, “awareness of the

Katada, Kansai Medical University) with the theme

surrounding environment to encourage the decision”

of “Knowledge development in nursing for better

was influenced.

health and life of the People in the World: Sharing

The discharge destination based on thethe Local Knowledge for Universal Knowledge” wascaregiver’s decision-making not only affects the life

just about to hold on February 28-29, 2020, inof patients with EOD, but also leads toOsaka. However, unfortunately the 6th WANS

reconstruction of the family caregiver’s life. It iscannot help deciding to present all of sessions inimportant to support the family caregiver, who may

abstracts and cancel the conference in person just aaffirmatively decide the discharge destination when

few days ago the scheduled day, to avoid thethe patient approaches old age. Moreover, tospread of COVID-19 which had reached a criticalsupport the decision-making of the family caregiver,stage worldwide.

日本地域看護学会誌

Vol.23 No.1, 2020

The JACHN was having the session forsupporting of family members, collaboration withknowledge and practice, which theme was “Nursing

family member and health care professions, andstrategy of the of the community-based integrated

improving care system, according to qualitative datacare system in a super-aging society”. I would like tofor interviewing a large number of nurses in charge

introduce the outline of the session in the presentof discharge planning.
Dr. Kawasaki addressed optimal and adequate

newsletter.
Japan, with 27.7% of its total national adultutilization of community-based resources for the

population aged 65 years and over – 13.8% of which

well-being of older adults in a depopulating society.

were aged 75 years and over in 2017 – is the front

She mentioned the effects of community-basedrunner of super-aging societies in the world. Last

voluntary or involuntary assembly for older adults

decade, the community-based integrated careliving on social network or support in neighborhood

system, which is defined as a care system to ensure

and their self-rated health. In particular, she

the provision of health, long-term and residential

concluded that community health nurses could havecare, and livelihood support, was advocated to

strategy to build community social network involving

sustain our limited health or long-term care

residents in various generations, educating local

resources in Japanese national policy.

volunteers, and collaboration with local industries.

In the session, three topics were presented, byThus, in this session a community healthDr. Masako Kageyama, PhD & PHN (Osaka

nursing strategy could be identified and discussed

University), Dr. Miyuki Ishibashi, PhD & RN (Chiba

as the basis to formulate a community-based

University), and Dr. Ryoko Kawasaki, PhD & RN

integrated care system to function efficiently in a

(Oita University of Nursing and Health Sciences),

super-aging society.

respectively.
Dr. Kageyama’s presentation discussed

2. Brief Reports of Participants

community assessment to identify care needs in thecommunity. She lectured the significance, definition

Meng LI

and

Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka University

theoreticalfoundationofcommunity

assessment provided by public health nurses,
emphasized the strength of community assessment

A Brief Report Focusing on Presentations/Sessions

which was initiated by individual care needs in thein Tobacco Control

community and showed integration of collected
quantitative and qualitative data to identify

Tobacco use is the largest preventable cause ofcommunity care needs based on the Community as

death globally, and is responsible for more than 8

Partner Model.

million deaths each year. In light of this troubling

Dr. Ishibashi reported on continuity nursing carefact, the World Health Organization has always been

between hospitals and community strategies

urging health professionals including nurses tofocusing on health and long-term care for older

engage in tobacco control. In the 6th WANS

people. She has shown that the systematization ofconference, it was very pleasing to see many

nursing skill related to discharge planning including

nursing studies in tobacco control including

assessment of the power of the individual,

epidemiological survey (P1-213, P2-154), the

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analysis of smoking-related factors (O-24, P1-194,

skills of addiction including nicotine dependence

P1-212, P2-116) , nurses’ intervention skill (P1-128,

included 5A (Ask, Advise, Assess, Assist, Arrange),

P1-173) and support needs and the effects ofmotivational interviewing, and SBIRT (Screening,smoking-related programs (P1-148, P1-184)

Brief Intervention, Referral to Treatment). A

In the 2 epidemiological surveys, Tanaka &qualitative study conducted by Michibayashi et al.

Taketomi demonstrated that passive smoking andreported that support needs of PHNs working on

having a dog might have a synergism to worsen the

tobacco control in local governments wereincidence of asthma among Japanese elementary“providing study findings”, “acquiring of effective

school students aged 6-12 years. Moreover, Sakai

material”, “establishing a network with external

et al. demonstrated that environmental tobacco

lecturers and researchers”, “strengthening legal

smoke exposure was positively associated withregulations on national tobacco The
control”,“supportfor
23thConference
on JACHN

severe menstrual-related symptoms and depressive

increasing skills in collaboration with schools”,

symptoms in never-smokers among Japaneseand“support
for increasing
the knowledge
healthTheme : Visualizationof Community
Potentialofand
Making a Difference in Careadolescent girls aged 16-18 years.

effects
tobaccoand2020
advocacy skills”.
Date : ofAugust29-30,In the 4 abstracts on the analysis of smoking-Concerning
the effectsof Foundation,smoking-related
Venue: Osaka International
House
Osaka City

related factors, Ota et al. demonstrated that

programs,
Inaokaet PhD,
al. assessed
the suitability
an Health Nursing, Osak
Chair : Ayumi
Kono
RN, (Professor,
Dept. ofofHome

maternal smoking during pregnancy was associatededucational
Program : comic booklet for preventing second-with maternal abnormal behaviors such as

hand ◆Chairperson’s
smoke for pregnant
womenKono
at home. In
speech : Ayumi

consuming alcohol and feeding their babies withaddition,
Teruya of
et Community
al. assessed
the effects
of aVisualization
Potential
and GerontologicalCareformula. Furthermore, the systematic review withcancereducation
including
avoiding◆Special
lecture:program
Ryo Yamazaki(studio-LInc.), Ayumi Shintani (Graduate

meta-analysis by Li et al. reported that age,smoking
for elementary
schoolstudents.
Osaka
City University),
Katsunori
Kondo (Center for Preventive Medical Sc

depression disorders and side effects of varenicline

Overall,nursesare ◆Symposiumin a unique ◆Appointed
position to workshop ◆Poster se◆Educational
lecture◆Reception

were associated with success in quitting smoking inenhance tobacco prevention and cessation. In future

the Japanese smoking cessation treatment program.

WANS conferences, we are looking forward to see

In the 2 overseas studies, Nakaseko et al.

more nursing studies in tobacco control.

Website : http://jachn.umin.jp/meeting/m23/index.htm

demonstrated that mother’s better educational
background and father’s regular occupation could
Publisher: International Exchange Promotion Committee

help prevent smoking and drinking among minors in
Ayumi Kono (Osaka City University), Kaoru Konishi (Osaka University),

Vanuatu. Banstola et al demonstrated thatinterventions at family and school level to enhanceself-esteem, perceived social support, and social
capital for adolescents were helpful in protecting
them against risky behaviors including smoking
behavior in Nepal.
In the 2 abstracts on nurses’ intervention skill
and support needs of public health nurses (PHNs),
Sezai reported that the frequently used intervention

Reiko Okamoto (Osaka University), Miho Hamayoshi (Bukkyo University),
Kyoko Yoshioka (National Institute of Public Health),

Secretariat of JACHN:
162-08252F Ozawa-building, 4-1-1, Kagurazaka, Shinjuku-ku,
Tokyo
TEL: +81-(0)3-5206-7431 FAX: +81-(0)3-5206-7757

日本地域看護学会誌

Vol.23 No.1, 2020

Conference Advertising
The 7th Conference on International Collaboration for Community HealthNursing Research: ICCHNR
Date：June 22-23, 2021
Venue：Linnaenus University in Vaxjo, Sweden
Greeting：At Linnaeus University we are very proud to be hosting the upcoming 2021 ICCHNR-conference. We aim toturn this conference an opportunity for researchers from both near and far to attend and to present their mostrecent research findings in the field of "Community nursing towards sustainable health". We hope to attract
specialists from various disciplines of community nursing, professional, education, research andmanagement to the conference.
Website：https://lnu.se/en/meet-linnaeus-university/conferences/community-nursing/The 6th International Conference on Global Network of Public HealthNursing: GNPHN
Date：January 7-9, 2022
Venue：Grand Cube Osaka, Osaka City
Chair：Reiko Okamoto, PhD (NS), (Professor, Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka University)
Vice Chair：Tamami Matsumoto, (Executive Director of Public Health Nursing, Osaka City Government)
Website：https://www.gnphn.com/

The 23th Conference on JACHN
Theme : Visualization of Community Potential and Making a Difference in Care
Date : August 29-30, 2020
Venue : Osaka International House Foundation, Osaka City
Chair : Ayumi Kono PhD, RN, (Professor, Dept. of Home Health Nursing, Osaka City University)
Program :◆Chairperson’s speech : Ayumi Kono
Visualization of Community Potential and Gerontological Care
◆Special lecture: Ryo Yamazaki (studio-L Inc.), Ayumi Shintani (Graduate School of Medicine,
Osaka City University), Katsunori Kondo (Center for Preventive Medical Sciences, Chiba University)◆Educational lecture ◆Symposium ◆Appointed workshop ◆Poster session ◆Workshop ◆Open lecture◆Reception
Website : http://jachn.umin.jp/meeting/m23/index.htm

Publisher: International Exchange Promotion Committee
Ayumi Kono (Osaka City University), Kaoru Konishi (Osaka University),
Reiko Okamoto (Osaka University), Miho Hamayoshi (Bukkyo University),
Kyoko Yoshioka (National Institute of Public Health),

Secretariat of JACHN:
162-08252F Ozawa-building, 4-1-1, Kagurazaka, Shinjuku-ku,
Tokyo87