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1

Low Temperature and Materials Sciences (Kyoto University)
Number 15, DECEMBER 2009

Table of Contents
Research Reports
Quantum spin liquid in the organic triangular-lattice spin system EtMe3Sb[Pd(dmit)2]2•••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••Tetsuaki Itou •••3

Nuclear Magnetic Resonance on quasi-1D conductor !-Ag0.33V2O5•••• ••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••Akihiko Hisada, Naoki Fujiwara, Teruo Takahashi•••12

Pressure Response of Cyanide-bridged Coordination Polymer Magnets•••••• •••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••Masaaki Ohba•••19

Anomalous superconducting state in strong magnetic fields observedin the quasi-one-dimensional superconductor (TMTSF)2ClO4•••••••••••• Shingo Yonezawa•••28

Technical Note
Development of liquid helium transfer tube with a large diameterfor the improvement of the liquid helium supply service••••• ••••••••••••Toshiyuki Kusuda •••37

LTM Center Seminars••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••41
From Organizing Committee
Amounts of Cryogen Consumptions : Yoshida Campus, Uji Campus and Katsura Campus ••••42
Research staffs of the LTM center •••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••44

Call for Manuscript••••• ••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••45
Editor’s Note•••• •••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••462

研究ノート()*+,-./01 EtMe3Sb[Pd(dmit)2]2 23456-./078
Quantum spin liquid in the organic triangular-lattice spin system
EtMe3Sb[Pd(dmit)2]29:;<
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Tetsuaki Itou
Graduate School of Human and Environmental Studies, Kyoto University,
The family of layered organic salts X[Pd(dmit)2]2 are Mott insulators and form scalene-triangular spin-1/2
systems. Among them, EtMe3Sb[Pd(dmit)2]2 has a nearly regular-triangular lattice. We have investigated the spinstate of this salt by 13C-NMR and static susceptibility measurements. The temperature dependence of thesusceptibility is described as that of a regular-triangular antiferromagnetic spin-1/2 system with an exchangeinteraction J=220"250 K. The 13C-NMR measurements reveal that the ground state of this system is a spin liquidstate, which has gapless excitation at least down to 1.37 K.
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10

{2'Ó~}>±ÁpOÅ§¨AÜ |hó~,2345 NMR ÌÊ2­^6AØ¸ÈêO¬ÇâOLTM 02 ABæ2­st2,CA®[zÓ~!ÓÔ3â>±ÁÂA_z3v
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{ f | }
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=>#?@8 !-Ag0.33V2O5 ABCDEF"
Nuclear Magnetic Resonance on quasi-1D conductor !-Ag0.33V2O5"

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Akihiko Hisada, Naoki Fujiwara, Teruo Takahashi
Graduate School of Human and Environmental Studies, Kyoto University
The local electric properties of quasi-1D conductor !-Ag0.33V2O5 were studied at ambient pressure using a
nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) and zero-field resonance (ZFR) technique. We introduce a charge-ordering(CO) model in the insulator phase and the spin structure in the antiferromagnetic phase suggested by theelectric-field-gradient tensor and ZFR frequencies.
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13

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15

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" Å§¨zm552Ç~âOÞúA0*+zÃs}ÔÓ~!Ó~^¡ïY§¨TAz½ú{O]HûüOX ¼ZÀÌÊ2çâ0æMzAÊ}ÔÓ~!Ó~zýþ>u2'Ó~}>±Á>~OmÊ}~stz}ÔÓ~!Ó~ LTM 02 AB2Õ®}]Æ>±ÁÅ§¨­©¡§¨ÿ!uÚ» ð"% 201187À#QO©¡§¨ÿ!uÚ( ð"%V17340107ÀAu3z-4Ô)¼Ã>}~Á
{#f#|#}#[1] T. Yamauchi, Y. Ueda, and N. Môri. Phys. Rev. Lett. 89, 057002 (2002).
[2] T. Yamauchi, M. Isobe, and Y. Ueda. Solid State Sci. 7, 874 (2005).
[3] J. Yamaura, M. Isobe, H. Yamada, T. Yamauchi, and Y. Ueda. J. Phys. Chem. Solids 63, 957 (2002).
[4] S. Nagai, M. Nishi, K. Kakurai, Y. Oohara, H. Yoshizawa, H. Kimura, Y. Noda, B. Grenier,
T. Yamauchi, J. Yamaura, M. Isobe, Y. Ueda, and K. Hirota. J. Phys. Soc. Jpn. 74, 1297 (2005).
[5] M. L. Doublet and M. B. Lepetit. Phys. Rev. B 71, 075119 (2005).
[6] A. Hisada, N. Fujiwara, T. Yamauchi, Y. Ueda, M. Hedo, and Y.Uwatoko. Phys. Rev. B 78, 012402 (2008).
[7] A. Hisada, N. Fujiwara, T. Yamauchi, and Y. Ueda. J. Phys. Soc. Jpn. 78, 094705 (2009).

~#GH" IJ»AKIHIKO HISADAÀ ^¡^¡¢£¤¥¦¡§¨©" ®Ç¥¦¡" i ¹ 3 &$Å¡¥q«C§¨
2005 &"  ^¡Æ¡öu2007 &"  ^¡^¡¢£¤¥¦¡§¨©®Ç¥¦¡" %i ¹%&:L" MN»NAOKI FUJIWARAÀ ^¡^¡¢£¤¥¦¡§¨©" ®Ç¥¦¡" 'ü1988 &" "  ^¡Æ¡öÆ¡©u1993 &" "  ^¡^¡¢Æ¡§¨©" i ¹%&
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18

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Pressure Response of Cyanide-bridged Coordination Polymer Magnets"^_`a ^¡^¡¢¡§¨©
Masaaki Ohba
Graduate School of Engineering, Kyoto University
Structures and magnetic properties of four types of 3-D cyanide-bridged bimetallic coordination polymer
magnets: [Mn(en)]3[Cr(CN)6]2·4H2O (1; en = ethylenediamine), [Ni(dipn)]3[Cr(CN)6]2 ·3H2O (2; dipn =N,N-di(3-aminopropyl)amine) [Ni(dipn)]2[Ni(dipn)(H2O)][Fe(CN)6]2·11H2O and [Mn(4dmap)4]3[Cr(CN)6]2·10H2O(4; 4dmap = 4-dimethylamino pyridine), were examined under hydrostatic pressure up to 19.8 GPa. Compound 1
showed the reversible crystalline-to- amorphous-like phase change and shift of the ferrimagnetic phase transition
temperature. The magnetic phase of 2 was reversibly converted between ferromagnetic and paramagnetic-like
phase while maintaining its crystallinity. The porous compound 3 was easily and irreversibly amorphized and lostthe ferromagnetic phase under low pressure. Compound 4 formed a doubly-interpenetrated-type ferromagnetic
framework and exhibited a reversible modulation of Tc. These flexible cyanide-bridged frameworks demonstrated
well the pressure response depending on the magnetic structure and the framework strength in the GPa range.

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polymer magnetsÀ­OÚÛX8«(A$8¶·­®Øêë¬ÇâO¾Ø{³ÓYM0¬¶/ÐÃ~²B¬01h¶·ÙO0¤ACD«YO6-CYO²êïYìÌ"_\]2Æ5)ëïY­O×GÕ²ßAqcz45ÔÓ5[1-3]ÁX8CY8ACD«Y­O­yïC2ÙÚC22#ZhÓÕA
AOHA½ö[¤z3°}~4.4-2ç5y¡{52ÙO6OZ[h;AïÆ{52³A'h\]ØklÐÃ5[4-8]ÁýþÌ­OÂÃ>¬2o,TUVÚÛ­-0 [MIII(CN)6]3– (M = Cr, Mn, Fe)z°ÓÔOB=h)È¶·z(±5X8CY8z3}O¶·|CY3çQ)ëA§¨zm5ÔÒ~[7-14]Á[MIII(CN)6]3– ­ 6 æ)2WQzÔÕ¬Ò5+X8YM-,¬ÇâOÂÃ|4\ÐÑ5$AÚÛX8¢9£[M’(L)x]m+ AµxYOYMêë,-AjÙ7PÐz!uYM- L 2çóÔ3*±5
Â|¬O8,¶·A­®Øêë¬Ç5Á>~OTUVWQ­CD{®¯°AÞ9hc;8¬ÇâOìòü§¥¦2¼ÑÔHA0Wè|+·Ø:y}è5:Ã~01Yz(±5ÁÅ§¨¬­ÂA¶19

·01Y2:!}O¶·3çQCD¶·Aoh5yïz°ÓÔOHÃÌAZ[\]z*^ 19.8 GPa>¬AZ[e¬¾Ø;}~[7,8]Á
("# #CyAZ[År­OZ[ P Ø P # 1.5 GPa A,ZeÌÊ¬­ Cu-Be A/.0Tp0. 2¤
0Ï0OP # 20 GPa >¬APZeÌÊ¬­bc2A.-UÒ0U0<00 (DAC;  1 ) zO
Quantum Design MPMS"XL5R SQUID C=Ö2>(}ÔÌÊ}~Á¤0Ï0z°Ó~_­OØ¥00AÜ2 10 mg A*+|OZ[½8|}Ô Apiezon-J -0OZ[Ô  |}Ô Pb z
(ÃÔ!zÏOHÃz]eìÌ@0õ9UOO p01O@0õ9U¬"9OÕ?{2$Z}~ÁÖ
wZ[­OPb Abc@Jö·zÏ¥ |}ÔûÕó~[15]ÁDAC A_­O0.2 mm A Cu-Be  (P # 5 GPa) >~­ Re  (P $ 5 GPa) A#.å£z°ÓÔOM 0.2 mm A,0Ï0./ .2 4µg A,0Ï0OZ[½8|}35 mm

Ô Daphne oilOZ[Ô  |}Ô0< A$)z¡³(ÃÔO<£G
AMØ 0.5 mm A.-UÒ0¬"Ý¬$Z}~[16,17]ÁZ[­O0< %6A R1 ¼ (292.42 nm) AT2çâO&`< d!/d P;0.364 nm/GPa ìÌûÕó~[18]Á*+Øø6¬Ç5~5O5 kOe A dc C_e¬*+3çQ DAC 68
ACyz'b(ßÌÊ}~Á$) X ¼ZÀ (XRPD) AZ[År­ODAC z°ÓÔP-.0/ $)*§¨)¶»KEKÀ2ÔÌÊ}~ÁDAC A<£
GAM­ 0.6 mm ¬ÇâO0.2 mm A Cu-Be #.å£z°ÓÔO0.2 mm

8.5 mmA,0Ï0./ .2$)*+OZ[½8|}Ô Fluorine oil (FC70)OZ[Ô 1 DAC A01

 |}Ô0< A$)z(Ã~Á0"#¡¢£14T#
7eA 4 Ayï­O©Ô MII : MIII = 3 : 2 2AX8CY8¬Ç5ØOoh58,¶·|CYz
±Á8,¶·AêÓ­O0+>¬Ç5ÚÛ-0üâAWQAj (nM(III), nM(II)) |ÚÛX8¢9£
[MII(L)]2+ A$8¶·OCYAêÓ­ M(III) | M(II) ¤ACD{®¯°2á5Á° 1 2yïA¶·|CY2òÓÔ>|5O7e¬,2¿5Á
° 1 yïA#ZeA¶·|CYyï!uYMnM(II)nM(III)[¤±&· / gcm–3»0.z$ßÀ[/x / %CY
Tc / KdTc/dP / K·GPa–1
a / GPa–1

20

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en: 2-

Ni(II)Cr(III) (2)dipn: 3-Ni(II)Fe(III) (3)dipn: 3-

Mn(II)Cr(III) (4)4dmap: -

4
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0.49

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hóÔÓ5Á8,¶·A[/x­ 13.9 %|ûÕÌÃ5ÁCD{2­OCrIII (d3) | MnII (d5) ­TUV
WQz"}Ô4dCY{2®¯°}Ô3âO1 ­CD®Jö· Tc = 69 K 7e¬ðpCYz±Á
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YMêë,-­ 3 ò2ÉóÔÓ5ØO1 çâµxYAPÓ[¤± Pa 3 ¬0y}ÔÓ5Á
[Cr(1)(CN)6]3"| [Cr(2)(CN)6]3" A©ÔATUVÄØ»¼±5 [Ni(dipn)]2+ AUT0M20}ÔO
4 òA Cr(1) | 4 òA Cr(2) zÒ>2O12 A NiII z§AÜ>2Y}~ Cr8Ni12 0¶·zÄ2}~ªæ{h 3 #?8,z¶/}ÔÓ5» 3 À
Á[Cr(3)(CN)6]3" ­0¶·½2rG}Ofacial-µ3 WQÒ ¬ 3 òA [Ni(dipn)]2+ A-pU0M20}Ô3âO8,¶·zçâ3ºhÕA2}Ô
Ó5Á8,¶·A[/x­ 5.0 %|ûÕÌÃ5ÁÂAyï­OCrIII (d3) | NiII (d8) ØCDA%&ME2çâdCY{2®¯°}Ô3âOTc = 42 K ¬dCY¾¿z±ÁöC[­¼¹ì 3 Oe ¬ÇâOªæ{h¶·z4Â}~1CY8¬Ç5Á
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NiIIFeIII dCY8 [Ni(dipn)]2[Ni(dipn)(H2O)][Fe(CN)6]2·11H2O (3) [9]yï 3 ¬­O2 |AB2 NiII A!uYM-2 dipn z°ÓÔÓ5ØOoh5¶·z+3}ÔÓ5Á

[Fe(CN)6]3" AG½A 3 òATUVÄØ 3 òA[Ni(1)(dipn)]2+ 20}Ô bc G2\Øó~ 2 #?T¶·z+3}ÔÓ5ÁÐÌ2 [Fe(CN)6]3" A¹MATUVÄ| [Ni(2)(dipn)(H2O)]2+ Ø0±5Â|¬OÂA 2 #?T Ø a ¹24óÔì0ÐÃÔO 0.4 ) 0.4 nm2 A,9r2.02-5z(±5 3 #? pillared-layer 2¶·Ø+3ÐÃÔÓ5» 4 À
Á8,¶·A[/x­ 28.2 %|Oyï 1, 2 |¾¿Ôìhâ^ÒÓÁ0.AMN­O[5½¬ÓÎ. . }ÔÓ5ÁCD{2­O,./0 FeIII(d5) | NiII(d8) ØCDA%&ME2çâdCY{2®¯°}ÔOTc = 8.5
K 7e¬dCYØËÌÐÃ5Á
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MnIICrIII ðpCY8 [Mn(4dmap)4]3[Cr(CN)6]2·10H2O (4; 4dmap = 4-dimethylaminopyridine) [8]yï 4 ¬­O-A/p@0YM- 4dmap z!uYM-2°ÓÔ3âO[Mn(4dmap)4]2+ ­ 2òAYMêë,-z(±5Á[Cr(CN)6]3" ­O »¼±5 2 òA [Mn(1)(4dmap)4]2+ | 1 òA[Mn(2)(4dmap)4]2+ 2 meridional 2¬0}Ô Cr-CN-Mn WQz+3}ÔÓ5ÁÒ>2 CrO§AÜ>2
Mn(1) zYN}~ Cr6Mn(1)6 T¤¥o,02¶·ØOÐÌ2 Cr-CN-Mn(2) 0¬oÔ}ÔO6,102 net
ÁÂÃ­²5Y¶·¬ÇâO0A&·­ 3 çâÕ,ÓØO0
2 3 #?¶·z¶/}ÔÓ5» 5 À,-½¬ 2 òAç$}~¶·Ø®¯6( (interpenetrate) }ÔÓ5~5O[/x (13.7 %) ­ 1 |A¹·|hóÔÓ5Á®¯6(}~¶·Ai­O4dmap z"}Ô %···% ®¯°}ÔÓ5ÁÂAyï­O
1 |AB2 CrIII | MnII ¤24dCY{®¯°Ø5ÒOTc = 17 K ¬ðpCY¾¿z±Á>~O
CrIII | MnII Aªæ{Ý-YN|µxYAPÓ¶·z4Â}ÔOöC[Øfg.¥A1CY8¬Ç5Á
(a)

Mn2
Cr

(b)

Mn1

c
a
 5 [Mn(4dmap)4]3[Cr(CN)6]2·10H2O (4)A(a)ÄÅ8,¶·A c ¹7>|(b)ê®¯6(¶·»0.|!uYM-­DEÀ22

<"#1¢¤¥¦#
 6 2yï 1O2 A XRPD AZ[Årz±Á>~OXRPD A Rietveld #È2çâLU}~,ÊjAZ[Årz 7 2±Á
(a)

(b)

 6 yï 1 (a)| 2 (b) A XRPD AZ[År

(a)

(b)

 7 yï 1 (a)| 2 (b) A0¡{N 2AZ[Åryï 1 ¬­OZ[ù$|E2/ ¤Ø¥ 2hâOìòP+2T}ÔÓ5ÁP # 1.7GPa
A'8¬­O,-­ªæ{2!9}O,-8 V ­Z[2µ}ÔM¼{2ÉÊ±5ÁÐÌ2PZ2h
5|Ob, c ¹å|8­f|Ý;:¼Ì¹2 a ¹ØµÓÔoQ5oæ{h¶·:yz}ÔÓ5Á,-8­O3.2 GPa >¬2 9%ÉÊ}ÔÓ5Á4.2 GPa 7]AUÍ¬­O./¤0A¥ yØ
m9OfglúA2 0z}ÔÓ5Á4.5 GPa >¬$Z}~I2Z[zÕ:±5|K5A0
,-2;ó~~5Olúy}ÔÕ Cr-CN-Mn WQ¶·­öWÐÃÔÓ5Â|Ø<ÐÃ5Á19.8 GPa>¬$Z}~_­=Y5zbùÔ}>ÓOZ[zÕ:}ÔÕ?A0Y­Z>}hÓÁ>æOyï 2 ­ 1 |oh5Z[\]z±Á,-8 V ­O0 # P # 3.1 GPa A'8¬­Z[2µ}ÔM¼{2ÉÊ}O4.7 GP >¬2 15 %ÉÊ±5Á4.7 GPa >¬A$Z¬/ ¤­¥ y±5ØOlúy­}hÓÁÂA_ÕZ[zÕ:±5|Kk¶·2;5Á
yï 3 | 4 A$Ze¬A|-h¶·Ó 2­hÓØOyï 3 ¬­Onìh$Z¬QR2Èê?
{hlúyØ8ÂâOyï 4 ¬­ 1.2 GPa ìÌ#Z2;}ÔÕlúy­8ÂóÔ3Ì¹OKk

23

¶·|ABA XRPD 2 0z±Á#
R"#T§B1¢¤#yï 1 | 2 ACDâ÷OTc 3çQ Ms AZ[Å(a)rz 8ã10 2±Áyï 1 z¤0Ï0z°ÓÔ 1.03 GPa >¬$Z
Á±5|OTc ­ 69 K ìÌ 89 K >¬]é±5» 8aÀ
Tc |ù$Z[A¤2­M¼{h®ÇØÉÐÃOdTc
/dP = +19.4 K GPa21 ØkÌÃ5ÁCDâ÷2µ±5Öú{Z[wV­O#< (1) 2345 Tc A:yAì»µÒ aÀ2çâûÕ5Â|Ø¬Ò5» 11À[15]Á
Tc(P) = (1 + aP) ) Tc(P0) ··· (1)ÂA_­OTc(P0) =69 KO
Tc(1.03) = 89 K çâOa =0.28 GPa21 ØkÌÃ5ÁyïA dTc/dP 3çQ a A¨z° 1 2±ÁÂA Tc(b)A]é­OCr–CN–Mn WQA!92·è d%(CrIII) | %*(CN–) O#Q d%(MnII) | %*(CN–) ¤Aêhâ4A3$2çâOCrIII | MnII ¤A4d
CY{®¯°Ød>ó~0V¬Ç5Á
DAC z°ÓÔÐÌ2$Z±5|OP = 4.7 GPa ¬ Tc
­ 126 K 2;±5» 8bÀ
ÁP # 3.0 GPa A'8¬­O
Tc ­Z[| dTC /dP = +15.0 K·GPa–1 (a = 0.22 GPa–1)
A®Çz±ØOHÃ7]A$Z¬­OTc A]é­fg@)}ÔÓ5Á0 # P # 4.7 GPa A'8¬OCyA*^¨­f|Ý;:y}ÔÓhÓÁXRPD ¬­O4.7 GPa 8 yï 1 ACDâ÷AZ[ÅrV(a)¤0Ï0F° (~1.03 GPA)O(b) DAC
F° (~19.8 GPa)¬­lúyØm)}ÔÓ5ØOCD{2­CAA4
ð2ç5CyAÉÊzÐ¹OðpCY®zöW}
ÔÓ5Á4.7 GPa ìÌZ[zÕ:±5|OXRPD A0V|AB2ê?{2fgKkACDâ÷2;5ÁÐÌ2$Z±5|OTc |CyA*^¨ Ms ­ÉÊ}O19.8 GPa¬­ðpCYØÞB}#CY®A9Ø×Ã5ÁÂAçèh:y­OCDN-0,-CA,e2çâÎÏ
5Â|ØàÌÃÔÓ5[19]Á19.8 GPa >¬$Z±5|O
Z[zÕ:}ÔÕ#CY®A9ØËÌÐÃOKkAC
Dâ÷­8×ÐÃhÓÁÂAÈê?{hCDâ÷A:y­OCr-CN-Mn 0ADðz7lúyAm)2
ç5ÕA|øùÌÃOXRPD A0V|Þß>Û±5Á

 9 yï 2 ACDâ÷AZ[ÅrVDAC F° (~5.9 GPa)yï 2 ¬­O¤0Ï02ç5 1.2 GPa >¬A$Z¬OTc ­ 42 K ìÌ 48 K >¬nì2:y}ÔÓ5» 9À
Á1.2 GPa 7]A$Z¬­ Tc 3çQCyA*^¨ Ms ­ÉÊ2JÏO4.8 GPa ¬dCYØ
ÞE±5ÁXRPD ¬­0YzöW}ÔÓ5ÕAAOCD{2­ 1 A 15 GPa 7]2345lú®|24

AB2#CY®2:y}ÔÓ5ÁÂÃ­O8,¶·A!92·óÔ Cr-CN-Ni 0ØGæ}OHA0
V d&(NiII) | %*(CN–) ¤Aêhâ4A3$2çâ CrIII | NiII ACDA%&MEØHÃ
Ô4dCY{îïØ3$}~~5|øùÌÃ5Á5.9 GPa ìÌZ[zÕ:±5|OXRPD |AB2Kk
ACDâ÷zZ>±5ÁÂAyï¬­OZ[2çâdCY|#CY¤zê?{2:Oêë¬Ç5Á
(a)

(b)

 10 yï 1 | 2 A Tc (a)| Ms (b) AZ[Åryï 3 ¬­O¤0Ï0¬ 0.95 GPa >¬$Z±5|O$Z2·óÔ Tc 3çQ Ms ­ÉÊ}O0.48 GPa ¬#CY®2:y±5Á0.95 GPa ìÌZ[zÕ:}ÔÕOKkACDâ÷­Ù©2­8×Ð
ÃhÓÁÂÃ­O2 |AB2 Fe-CN-Ni 0A!9|Gæ2çâ FeIII | NiII ACDâ÷A%&MEØHÃ5Â|2$ùÔO[/xØ^ÒßÔ³Ó²5Y8,¶·Õ>á2âÆÌÃ5Á,./0 FeIII AÈµÝ-­ d% 2 1 ò}ìhÓ~5O2 çâÕQR
2dCYØÞE}ÔÓ5Áyï 4 A Tc ­O1.00 GPa >¬A$Z¬ 17 K ì
Ì 25.4 K >¬M¼{23$}ÔÓ5»dTc/dP = +8.4
Á4 ­ðpCY8¬Ç5
K GPa21Oa = 0.49 GPa21À
Â|ìÌOyï 1 |AB2O$Z2çâ4dCY{®¯°Ød>5Â|¬OTc Ø]é}ÔÓ5Á>~OÂAyï­ê®¯6(2¶·z+3}Ô
3âO8,¤2¶·:yØêëh[¤ØrG}ÔÓ
5~52OîAyïçâÕ^ÒhZ[wVz}ÔÓ5Á 11 yï 1, 2, 4 A Tc(P)/Tc(P0) AZ[ÅrX"#_¨©Tª4¢¤de1ª«#¶·AdÐ­O° 1 2ïù~8,¶·z+3}ÔÓ5WQAjO3çQ CN–MII A0AdÐ2çâÁIJ¬Ò5Áyï 1 | 2 A¶·z¾¿5|O1 AæØ nM(II) ­^ÒÓØO1 òAÒ>| 4 òA§ØOn}~ÈÙ©0¶·zÄÅ8,|}ÔÓ5~5Oªæ{h8,A 2 2¾¿5|Z[AKõØoæ{2ììâO¶·ØLÂ|¬lúyØm)±5|`¼Ã5Á>~ONiII |¾¿5| MnII­-0>Ø^ÒßOìò MnII ­X+3}ÔÕYM-_mÊy-.0/ zMÆhÓ~52O
CN–MnII 0­ CN–NiII |¾¿Ô³ßÔ01¬Ç5Áyï 3 2òÓÔ­O[/xØ^ÒßOìòT
½AWQ¶·»nM(II) = 3À2¾¿ÔT ¤AWQ»nM(II) = 2ÀØ³Ó~52ONÓ¶·2hóÔ

25Ó5Áyï 4 A_­OÄÅ8,­ 3 |AB2[/xØPßÔ³Ó¶·»nM(II) = 2À¬Ç5ØO®
¯6(}Ô[/zO55Â|¬lúyzPÍOê?{hZ[\]zêë2}ÔÓ5|ñù5ÁCD
«Y2µ±5Z[wVz¾¿5|O¶·A!9­CDAêhâz3^±5~5O4dCY{®¯°2ç5ðpCY8 1, 4 ¬­ Tc Ø]é±5`AwVØOdCY8 2, 3 ¬­dCYØQ=2ÞE
±5KAwVzïùOCD®2År}~RShZ[wVØËÌÐÃ~Á>~OLU}~N 2 a ­O
Öú{hZ9xz°}Ô3âOHAË>ìÌ­ 4 Ø*Õ^ÒhZ[wVz}~ÁÂA¨­Oãä2jáIJÐÃÔÓ5X8CY8AZ[wV»P # 1.2 GPaÀìÌLU}~¨|¾¿ÔÕ^ÒßO[/xA^Òh,#?¶·ACY8zÕ]Z5 [20-23]Á

0

 12 yï 1, 2, 3 ACD®|¶·AZ[\]AÁE

W"#_wx'#oh5 4 òA2-ÏATUVWQ 3 #?8,¶·z(±5CY8z¾Ø±5Â|¬OCD¶·»ðpCY|dCYÀ3çQ8,¶·A GPa AUÍ2345Z[\]³A>!z;}~Á¶·AZ[\]2Ç}Ô­MË{hö4ØÇ5ØOWQ¶·AjzÄ2}~¶·AdÐ|+izøT±5Â|¬O
CYAZ[\]A0V|Õ>Û±5Æ{h#mØkÌÃ~ÁÂACY|¶·A:y­>#®Jö¬­hÓ~5OCD¾¿®|#CY®O3çQ0®|lú®­\Ó'8¬Er}ÔÓ5ÁçóÔO
HÃÌA¦5­%&2­ÜÊ¬ÒhÓØOyï 1–3 ACY|¶·AZ[2µ±5®­ 12 Açè2ÁE±5Â|Ø¬Ò5Á+ZA0V­OTUVWQAX8CY8ØO^ÒhZ[\]Y| GPa UÍ¬Õ8,¶·zöW}è5¶·=Yz(±5Â|z<Ìì2}~Á8,¶·¤2U·h[¤z(±5®¯6(2¶·Ø^ÒhZ[wVz}~0V­O"_\]2CY8A4--Ö2êhàûzï
ù5Á+I­Óì2 Tc z]Æ5ìØ ð¬Ç5Át=­OV2345"_2ç5CD:OÖ×2)
4ÔA 1 òA#|}ÔOCD¾¿2±ùÔ./0¤¥.  ×}2:!}O#CY|4CY¤¬./0ÝmÊYz±YMP4-AÕzm5ÔÓ5[24]Á
{#f#|#}#[1] O. Kahn, Molecular Magnetism, WILEY-VCH, Weinheim, (1993).
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26

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~#^_`a"  ^¡^¡¢¡§¨©3Îïy¡" 'ü
WTV1996 &XY^¡^¡¢Æ¡§¨©y¡iIk ¹%&O" " " " " "A&XY^¡Æ¡öuÿO2000-2003 & JST PRESTO ¾¿|ïYUÍ§¨ZO2003&çâ×¦[VX8y¡OCDy¡27

=>#?bc@8(TMTSF)2ClO4 AdC_e2345fghbc@ij
Anomalous superconducting state in strong magnetic fields
observed in the quasi-one-dimensional superconductor (TMTSF)2ClO4klmn
 ^¡^¡¢Æ¡§¨©
Shingo Yonezawa
Graduate School of Science, Kyoto University
We have revealed anomalous phenomena in the superconducting state of the quasi-one-dimensional
system (TMTSF)2ClO4 in precisely aligned high magnetic fields. The onset temperature of thesuperconductivity Tconset exhibits anomalous dependence on the magnetic field direction. The results arelikely to be closely related to the Pauli paramagnetic pair-breaking effect and the field-induced dimensionalcrossover.

¬­$%&'#
Onnes 2ç5.\Abc@Aû[1]7¯OÚÛ?/z5|}Ô­yï]ÚÛ¤yïh;B=hAbc@8ØûÐÃÔÓ5ÁÅü¬­()ïAbc@8(TMTSF)2ClO4 Aqc(Óbc@Y2òÓÔ!"±5Á+()ïAbc@8,|Óè|go2^Âù5æÕÓÌó}_5ìÕ}Ãh
ÓØOÖ­()ï2Õbc@8­j²ßrG}O()ïbc@8A§¨­bc@§¨AÜ¬ÕÑ
h>46z3}ÔÓ5ÁHAÜ¬ÕO(TMTSF)2X»TMTSF = tetrametyle tetraselena fulvaleneOX =ClO4, PF6, etc.À­]K5ÔûÐÃ~()ïAbc@8[2,3]|}ÔT{2êh`Mza5ÔÓ5ïú¬Ç5Á>~OTMTSF 1­«ÊAæ)2A9PÓc@YzWò=>#?A@Ý8¬Ç
5|Óè>Õ'!2¨±5Á«2OTMTSF 1­*ÕT0Ï0ìò«2{hÝ-¶·zÕò=>#?@ÝYïúA 1 ò¬Ç5|ñèÂ|Ø¬ÒO=>#?Ý-1AÒÓ0ïú|}ÔÕÆ1|ÖÚABGìÌb[{2§¨ÐÃÔÓ5[4]Á
ýþÌ­*ô TMTSF 1Añ|ò¬Ç5(TMTSF)2ClO4 23ÓÔ+bc@0£·AC_oæYAfgh:¬,Ù+ÈíïwVAC_oæY,|Óègch×}zûU}~[5,6]ÁÅüz
dÝ¬=>#?1¬8Ò5bc@AGHÐ2òÓÔqczWóÔÓ~!4ÃZeÓ¬Ç5Á
h3OÅ§¨­º86-ïY§¨VA=6fRüOg_h>{|OTMTSF 1Aûþ[2,3]¬Ç50.A Jérome üÙÓ0Ô

¤A Bechgaard üA10

Ï|AEA§¨¬O«2*+­ Bechgaard ü2Ãs}ÔÒÓÔÓ5Á
®­(TMTSF)2X 1¯°i4:-±i?*]^(TMTSF)2X ­ 1 (a)2±çè2 TMTSF 4-|i-0 X " Ø 2:1 Aì¬jÝ!0¶·z

28

(a)

(b)

(c)

(d)

a)
c)
b)

kz

c)

ky

kx

ky

Fermi (kxkykx

 1: (a) TMTSF 1A0¶·Á]ìÌHÃÂÃ b ¹| a ¹æ)ìÌ¶·zû~¬Ç5Á-åÓ
4-Ø TMTSF 4-¬ÇâOHA¤2Ç5AØi-0 X ¬Ç5Á(b) TMTSF 1A Fermi GA`<Á(c)(d) Tight-binding model ¬ÖLÐÃ~(TMTSF)2ClO4 A0¶·»]À|ð08GA
kz = 0 ¬AðG»eÀ[7]ÁÙÙ-ìÓp2h5ØO(TMTSF)2ClO4 ­ 24 K ¬ ClO4 -0A¾¿
yz8Â±ÁHÃØ8Ò~_­(d)]Açè20¶·Ø 2 s24û}O(d)eAçè2
Fermi GÕ 2 AT 2h5Á

W½OTMTSF 4-ØjÝ¬Ó5 a ¹æ)2*ÕPÓ@ÝYzÕò=>#?A@Ý8¬Ç5Á
0¶·­>ûºÁ2ûù5ØOÈ`5hÂ|2 TMTSF 1AÝ-¶·­ÆóÔT0Ï0¬Ç
5ÁABAÂ|­()@8©e2òÓÔÕfg3â$òÁHAÆ©­O()@8¬­4-|4A¤Ø¾Ø{èÃÔÓ5~5O+4-]¬­c@Ý-­4-A4-2rG}OHAc@ÝØ»âó~4-A4-¤zPQö5,|ÓèkvØçß3â$óÔÓ5~5¬Ç5ÁñÓ
Où5|O4-z 1 òA,-|}~ Tight-binding model Øl#2çß3â$òìÌ¬Ç5ÁÖaOTMTSF 12òÓÔ Tight-binding model zFó~ÖL[7]|$>LÆ{h0ÖL[8]|­çß>Û±50¶·zïù5Â|ØàÌÃÔÓ5ÁÂÃÌAÖL2ç5|OTMTSF 1A Fermi
G­ 1(b)AçèhÙÙlæ}~ 1 µAT

i¬Ç5ÁÂÃ­>Ð2«2{h=>#?ïúA

Õò¿Ò Fermi G¬Ç5ÁÂAÂ|ìÌ TMTSF 1­=>#?@8AÒÓ0ïú|}ÔÕ\ßàÌÃÔÓ5Á
²­TMTSF ³1´µi¶·¸]^
TMTSF 1Abc@ij­Oð08GÙ0¶·AT0Ï0Ð2ÕÇ¼Ì¹Ol#2gchYúzWòÁáùZObc@Jö· Tc Ø 1.5 K ¹·¬Ç5A2µ}Ô 50 ìÌ 80 kOe |Óèl#2dÓC_Ü¬Õbc@ijØrG±5Â|ØIJÐÃÔÒ~[9,10]ÁÂAC_A^ÒÐ­bc@m9-.0/|Ý-./0A Zeeman 4û-.0/

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ìóÔÓ5»Tc ~ 1.45 K 2µ}Ô HP ~ 23-26 kOeÀ[6]ÁHP 7]AC_Ü¬­O 2(a)Açè2])Ò./0|e)Ò./0Ac@Ý-ØCyzW~hÓ./0 1 ê?bc@µz+3±5çâÕOµzÌ¹2c@Ý-©8|}ÔC_æ)ACyzWó~fèØ-.0/{2mÊ¬Ç5~5Oíh./0 1 ê?bc@­mÊ2rG}khÓÁ
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>æOZeeman 4û}~ Fermi G]¬./0 1 ê?bc@µz+ÆÙâ2,5Â|Õ1Æ{2­êë¬Ç5ÁÖaOHAçèhÂ|Ø×Ö28Ò5êëYØ Fulde | FerrellOLarkin |Ovchinnikov 2çóÔÐÃ~[14,15]ÁÂA_O 2(c)Açè2])Ò./0|e)Ò./0
AÝ-A Fermi GØ¹ÃÔÓ5~5O])Ò./0AÝ-|e)Ò./0AÝ-Ø 1 ê?µz
|µA©2÷6­.¥¬­hßhóÔ}>èÁÂA.¥¬hÓ2÷6A~52Obc@A¾¿:jØ[¤{2:3}~bc@ijØÖ×±5ÁÂAçèhbc@ij­O­Ï52ÃÏ}~ 4£A=z.óÔ Fulde-Ferrell-Larkin-Ovchinnikov»FFLOÀij|7ZÃÔÓ5ÁFFLO ijØ×ÖAïú¬8ÒÔÓ5á­b[{2ÐÃÔÓ~ØhìhìûÐÃ¹OçèÙßô&2hóÔwòìAïú¬HAÑ!ØûòìóÔÓ5[16]Á
FFLO ijAmÊY2­ Fermi GA+iØêhëìztóÔÓ5Á|ÓèAÕOZeeman 4û}~])Ò./0A Fermi G]AÝ-Aè½OÇ5ýj qFFLO ¬â)ö÷}~|Ò2e)Ò./0
A Fermi G2fgêh5Ý-A9}ìbc@µz+3¬ÒhÓìÌ¬Ç5Áu+Ùv+A Fermi
GA_­ 2(c)2±çè2OFermi G]AÝ-Aè½ÊjA9Øbc@µz+3êë¬Ç5Á
çóÔ FFLO ij­Ç>âmÊ¬­hßOrGêëhUÍ­ HP <ô2ÌÃ5Á|Â\Ø TMTSF
1z5|±5=>#?1­ Fermi GØT

iz}ÔÓ5~5O 2(d)Açè2 Zeeman 4û}~])Ò|e)Ò./0A Fermi Gz¯Ó2UÀ2â)ö÷±5|fg/£2pêI5Â|ØU¯5ÁÂAÆ©¬ FFLO bc@2}$¬Ò5Ý-AjØu+Ùv+A Fermi GA_2¾¿ÔZ
w{2²ßOFFLO bc@ØçâmÊ2rG}Ù±Ó|øùÌÃÔÓ5[12,17]Á
ÖÚ{2­ 2002 &2(TMTSF)2PF6 A NMR µ-TìÌûÕÌÃ~./0CyxØ Tc 7e¬:y}ÔÓhÓ|ÓèÂ|ØIJÐÃ[18]O./0 3 ê?bc@ØÖ×}ÔÓ5|ÓèêëY
ØP>ó~Á}ì}O2007 &2+·­(TMTSF)2ClO4 A./0CyxØ Tc 7e¬Éì2:y±5|ÓèIJØÇâ[19]O«2,C_23ÓÔ­./0 1 ê?bc@ØÖ×}ÔÓ5êëYz8øT
±5¸YØUÔÒ~Á

30

(a)

(b)

(c)

 3: (a) b'¹æ)AC_Ü¬AÝ-A,-¤¥¥02÷Aýj[¤2345z»y¼ÀÁ(b) 3hÏ,-¤¥¥02÷AÖ[¤2345zÁ|A¼­ 50 kOe AC_Ü¬AO{Ó¼­ 100 kOe A
C_Ü¬A,-¤¥¥02÷Azz±Áj× kOe AC_zù$±5|ON£T¬ÐÃ~@ÝGA¤ÓçâÕ÷A0ØcÐßh5Â|Ø4ì5Á(c) 30 kOe AC_Ü¬A(TMTSF)2ClO4 A c*¹æ)ÝD¯°A·ÅrYÁ¹Øµj!§¬Ç5Â|2'bÁ 0.6 K 7]A#c@ijAÝD
¯°A·ÅrY­C_Aæ)2çóÔ^ÒßohâO* > 19°¬­lÚÛ{h·ÅrYz±ÁÒ­T'¨aÉÊ1Ó+Ô9Õ94¶·¸#
ÐÌ2 TMTSF 1¬­*Õ@ÝYA,Óæ)»c*æ)xab G2óMhæ)ÀAc@Ý-APQ
öâ-.0/

Øj K ¹·|l#2cÐÓ~5Oj× kOe AC_z 2 "!2@ÝYAPÓ b'¹æ)»ab G½¬ a ¹2óMhæ)À2ù$±5Â|¬Ý-ijA#?YzÖw{2,eÐÑ5Â|Øêë¬Ç5[12]ÁÂAÂ|­OÕª«{2­7eAçè2Æ#¬Ò5ÁC_Ü¬Ac@Ý-A,-¤¥¥02÷­ýj[¤¬­ 3(a)Ay¼AçèhzzkßØOÖ[¤¬­ 3(b)A{Ù|Aæ¼Açèh c*æ)2÷}hØÌ@ÝG½z÷ß2÷2h5ÁÂA c*¹æ)A÷0­
C_A?j2¾á}ÔcÐßhâOj× kOe 7]AC_Ü¬­÷0Ø@ÝGA¤ÓçâÕc
ÐßhóÔ}>èÁÂèh5|c@G¤AÝ-Aö÷­´­ÐÃOÝ-ijA 2 #?YØP>ó
Ô}>èA¬Ç5ÁÕ½\ÝO6-12ÄéÓ~+>|Õh,$<Õêë¬OC_2çóÔÝAý÷ÇjØ@ÝG2FGy}Ôß5Â|z±Â|ØU¯5[12,20]Á
Öa2ÖÚ{2ÕÂA#?YA,e­ËÌ¬Ò5Á 3(c)­ 30 kOe AC_Ü¬A c*¹æ)AÝ
D¯°A·ÅrYz}~ÕA¬Ç5[21]Á0.6 K 7]A#c@ijAÝD¯°A·ÅrY2:!}ÔÓ~!Ò~ÓÁb'¹æ)»* = 90°À2C_zù$}~_O#c@ijAÝD¯°A·ÅrYØlÚÛ{»·,e|E2ÝD¯°Ø]éÀ2hóÔÓ5Â|Ø4ì5ÁÂAÂ|­G¤æ)AÝ-Aö÷ØC_2çóÔ´­ÐÃÔÓ5Â|zM¼{2}ÔÓ5Á>æC_æ)Ø
a ¹æ)»* = 0°ÀA_­OÝD¯°A·ÅrY­ÚÛ{¬O#?YA,e­8ÒÔÓhÓÁ 3(c)2±çèh|-hÖÚ2çâO#?YA,eØ8Ò5A­OC_| a ¹|A+·*#Ø 19°
7]A_2ÌÃ5Â|Ø4ìó~[21]Á
ÂA#?YA,eÕC_Ü¬Abc@mÊY|&¼2Ç}}ÔÓ5|øùÌÃÔÓ5Áh8hÌOZeeman wV|­CAbc@Ayp)¶¬Ç5wVO±h¼½~A(2ç5bc@AypwVØO#?YA,e2çóÔS}ß³>5~5¬Ç5ÁÖaO(TMTSF)2PF6 ¬­C_z@ÝYAPÓ a ¹æ)2ù$}~çâÕ b' ¹2ù$}~fèØ Tc çâ×4,¬Abc@A]ö45C_ Hc2 ØPßh5Â|ØIJÐÃÔÓ5[9]Á"#­@ÝYAPÓæ)2C_zì4~fèØwV­³>â Hc2 ­Pßh5A¬Ç5ØO(TMTSF)2PF6 ¬AÖÚ0V­_"A_|­?
2hóÔÓ5ÁÂAÂ|­O#?YA:yzøù5Â|¬$<ØòßÁ}ì}hØÌOçâM¼{2#?Y,e|bc@AC_Ü¬AmÊYAÇ}z<Ìì2±5¸ØÇ5Á

31

(b)

7.6

H // b' = 50 kOe(c) 2.5 H // b' = 50 kOe

H // c* = 0.5 kOe

7.4
7.2

Rc* (+)

Sample #1

7
6.8
6.6
6.4

1.5

Tconset

1
0.5

6.2
6

Sample #1

2

H // c*= 0.0 kOe&, (10"3+"1)(a)(TMTSF)2ClO4
0

0.2

0.4

0.6

0

0.8

0

0.2

T (K)

0.4

0.6

0.8

T (K)

 4: (a)Å§¨¬°Ó~C_æ)­® N/¤0Ô1.£[22]ÁòAbc@Ô1.£|ZJz9¼ÑÔO3 #?{hC_æ)Ab&­®zêë2}~Á(b)Tconset ÜÊA~5AÓ 2
AáÁC_z@ÝG»ab'GÀ2j)2ì4~_»{Ó1À|O2 c*¹æ)2øchC_z$ù~_»yÓ1ÀAÝD¯°A·ÅrYz¾Ø±5|O,Í¬A9^ÒhÛoØ
ûÌÃ5Á(c) 2 òAÝD¯°ìÌÝDc@AÛ&," = Rc*-1(Hc* = 0 kOe) – Rc*-1(Hc* = 0.5 kOe)z|ó~ÕAÁÝDc@&," A12h]éìÌ Tconset zÊ}~ÁÖ­2×Ø#ÂAçè2qc(Óbc@ØÖ×}ÔÓ5|øùÌÃÔÓ5 TMTSF 1¬Ç5ØOáùZ^Òh0Øk2ßÓ]20ØpÃÙ±ÓÂ|O>~#?YØ,ÓÂ|2ç5bc@ËÌÍA>!Øh¬ÒhÓh;AîðØÇóÔOÖÚ{dØ`èçè2mÝ¬ÓhÓ×i2Ç5Á
TMTSF 1Abc@ijAA#<­bc@§¨2345êhûìÌ 30 &ôßWó~+¬Õ²ßØ#ÜA>>ð|ÐÃhØÌObc@ÐÃÔÓ5Át=­OÂAîðzf~hDâìÌd±5¿ßObc@Jö·AC_æ)ÅrY2:!
}~ÁHA~52t=Ø°Ó~A­ 4(a)Açè2C_æ)z 3 #?{2b&­®¬Ò5/¤0Ô1.£

N[22]¬Ç5ÁTMTSF 1AçèhoæYAdÓbc@8¬­C_æ)Ø¼¹ì¬

Õ@ÝYAPÓæ)ìÌ¹Ã5|bc@ØypÐÃÔ}>è~5C_æ)zb&­®}~]¬A§¨ØÈêO¬Ç5ØOÂA

Nz°Ó5Â|¬HAçèh§¨Ø¾Ø{,2êë2hó~Á$ùÔ 0.1 K 7e>¬êëhmj)z°ÓO#Z¬bc@z±(TMTSF)2ClO4 AíÞ0AÝD¯°ÌÊìÌbc@A0£· Tconset AC_d·3çQæMÅrYz§¨}~ÁÂÂ¬°Ó~*+­â@6©)¹Ø 1 %m 2Õ#ÜbíÞh0¬Ç5[6]Á
§¨A]¬^Òhîð2hó~AØOTconset AÜÊæú¬Ç5Á#?YA,Óbc@82C_z
ù$}~_O~A2÷h;AwV2çóÔbc@ij¬ÇóÔÕÝD¯°Ø.¥2hÌhÓ
Â|ØÇ5ÁTMTSF 1Õá"¬­hßO 3(c)2Ç5çè2 30 kOe ¹·7]AC_Ü¬­ÝD¯°­.¥>¬9½hÓÁRóÔ;A·z Tconset |}~ÌÓÓì|ÓèôðØl#2ò}ÓÁÐ
Ì2#c@ij¬AÝD¯°ÕºÁh·]C_ÅrYzWò~5Oi­2(¬Ç5Ááù
ZO([23]¬­ H // b'A|ÒA Tc |}ÔOÝD¯°A/
AÝD¯°A/¤A·z°}ÔÓ5Á}ì}OÂ

¤Øbc@A>!2ç5ÕAì;èì6<¬­hßOTc AÊ|}ÔAàÀY

2­LîØÇ5Á>~O#c@ij¬AÝD¯°A·ÅrYØÚÛ{2h5 H // a ¬­ÂAæú­U°¬ÒhÓ|ÓèîðÕÇ5ÁÅ§¨¬­OC_æ)z 3 #?{2­®¬Ò5/¤0Ô1.£A«¬z0°}O7eAçèhæú¬ÝD¯°³Abc@Aîïz4è}Ô Tconset zÜÊ}~Á>¹OC_z@ÝG»ab'GÀ2`É2ù$}ÔÝD¯°A·ÅrYzÌÊ}~Á#2HAC_2G¤æ)AøcC_ Hc*z$ùÔÝD¯°A·ÅrYz8·ÌÊ}~ÁTMTSF 1A c*¹æ)Abc@]ö45C_­l32

#2cÐÓ~5Onìh Hc*Ødßbc@z´­±5ÁRóÔOÕ}bc@ØÝD¯°2>!}Ô
ÓÃZObc@AîïAÇ5·7e¬A9ÝD¯°A·ÅrY2^ÒhêÓØU5­¹¬Ç5ÁÖaAÌÊáz 4(b)2±Áb'¹æ)2 50 kOe AC_zù$}~_A{Ó1|HÃ
2$ùÔ c*¹æ)2 0.5 kOe AC_z$ù~_AyÓ1z¾Ø±5|O 0.25 K 7eA9¬^ÒhÛoØûÌÃ~ÁÂAòAÝD¯°AÓ

2ìÌÝDc@AÛ&,#= Rc*-1(Hc* = 0 kOe) –Rc*-1(Hc* = 0.5 kOe)zLU}~ÕAØ 4(c)¬Ç5Á,¬A&,A12h]é­<Ìì2bc@Aîï2ç5ÕA¬Ç5~5OÂA]éA>5·¬ Tconset zÊ}~ÁÂAæú¬ÇÌb5C_æ)2µ}Ô Tconset z]ÿßÜ55Â|ØU¯~ÁÙ­2×e h ÚT¶·¸]^'_`a´µiÛ1ÜÝ
§¨0VAÑö4z 5 2±Á>¹O 5(a)-(c)­HÃÂÃ H // aOH // b'OH // c*A_A
onset

Tc

|C_d·AÇ}z}ÔÓ5ÁyA>¬}ÔÓ5çè2OC_æ)Ø H // a | H // b'A

Ó¹Ã23ÓÔÕ

NA]¬Ç5 50 kOe >¬bc@ØmÊ¬Ç5Â|Ø4ìó~ÁÂAçè2#?YA,eØ8Ò5 H // b'!4¬hßOG¤Ac@YØö~Ã5 H // a ¬Õ 50 kOe |ÓèPC_>¬bc@ØmÊ¬Ç5Â|ØK5ÔÐÃ~Á
#2O 5(d)­@ÝG»ab'GÀ½¬C_zZJÐÑ~|ÒA Tconset AC_+·*) ÅrYzÏ¥£}~ÕA¬Ç5ÁÂÂ¬*#­@ÝG½¬C_| a ¹A3±+·|}ÔÊ}ÔÓ5Á,C_¬­ÂÃ|Óó~«¬AÓC_+·ÅrY¬Ç5ØOPC_2Óß2òÃÔ<Ìì2gch+·ÅrYØÎÏÔÓ5Â|Ø4ì5Á>¹O20 kOe 7]AC_Ü¬­*) = ±17°<ô¬ Tconset (*) ) æ¼2ÓÎ£Ï¶·ØÎÏ5Á2 HP ~ 25 kOe zbù5PC_¬­OdAøù¬}ÔÓ5çè2*) = 100°·<ô2 Tconset (*) ) æ¼Af~hÎ^ØU×±5Â|zû}~Áqc(ÓÂ|2OÂ
b’a(d) 1.4

b b’

1.2
1
0.8
0.6

Tconset (K)

0.4
0.2
0

H // ab =5.0 kOe10.0 kOe
15.0 kOe
20.0 kOe
25.0 kOe
30.0 kOe
35.0 kOe
40.0 kOe
42.5 kOe

0.2
045.0 kOe

0.2
047.5 kOe

0.2
049.0 kOe

0.2
0
-90

a

-45

0

45

90

135 180* (degree) 5: (a)-(c)C_æ)¬A Tconset AC_d·ÅrYÁÈíïAl#2ÊhÓ Sample #1 |nì2È
íïz²ß7 Sample #2 AÓ 2z¾Ø}ÔÓ5Á>~OÝD¯°Ø.¥2h5·Õ¾ØA
~5}ÔÇ5Á(d) Tconset AC_+·*#ÅrYÁøù¬±çè2OPC_¬­ 2 òA/ ¤Ø
U×±5Á

33

AÎ^AMN­0¹h;AµxYAPÓ¹|­7AÇ}ÕhÓZìâ¬hßOC_zdß±52}~ØóÔÎ^AMNØö÷±5|Óèl#2gchYúzWòÁÂAÎ^ArG2çóÔO
Tconset(*) ) æ¼­<Ìì2*) ) = 0°¹»a ¹À2µ±5ÂµxYzEóÔÓ5ÁÂAÂ|­OPC_¬­bc@ij6A[¤µxY2Õ:yØÎÏÔÓ5Â|z<}ÔÓ5ÁÂÃÌAgchC_oæYA:y­ÂÃ>¬2;Abc@8¬ÕËÌÐÃÔÓhÓfg×}¬Ç5ÁÞ­2×e hßàáde1TÛt=­O2îA*+|AÖÚ0VA¾Øz)ó~ÁÂÃ>¬A*+z Sample #1 |}Onì
2ÈíïA²Ó*+ Sample #2 |¾Ø±5Á 6(a)2±CD¯°A¾ØìÌOSample #2 Aâ@6©)¹­ Sample #1 AHÃAj4A 1 ¹·»~ 0.6 %mÀ¬Ç5|ûÕÌÃÔÓ5[6]Á2 òA*+A Tconset AêÓz 5(a)-(c)3çQ 6(b)2±Á 5(a)-(c)ìÌOÈíïAbc@³A>!2­^ÒhC_oæYØÇ5Â|Ø4ì5Á 5(a)2± H // a ¬­ÈíïA>!­ 40 kOe 7]APC_¬A9×Ã5A2µ}O 5(b)A H // b'A_­.¥C_<ôìÌ<Éh>!Ø×ÃÔÓ5Á>æO 5(c)2± H // c*A_­ÈíïA>!­f|Ý;ûÌÃhìó~ÁÂAÈíïwVAC_oæYzçâ<É2±5~5O 6(b)2 Tconset AG½C_+·*#Å
rYA¾Øz±Ál#2qc(ÓÂ|2O
Sample #1 ¬­ Tconset(*) )æ¼AÓÎ£Ï¶·Ø
ûÌÃ~A2µ}OSample #2 ¬­ÓÎ£Ï¶·ØûÌÃhìó~ÁH}ÔOBþA Tconset AÛo­ÓÎ£Ï¶·A"ä¬A9RS¬Çó~Á'!±¿Ò­OÂAÈíïwVØRS2h5UÍ­Ò¬¿~#?Y,eA8Ò5+·UÍ»* > 19°À|fg>Û±5Â|¬Ç5ÁÂAÂ|­OTconset(*) )æ¼AÓÎ£Ï¶·]oæ{hÈíïwV]#?YA,eA 3 òA×}Ø
&¼2Ç¼âóÔÓ5Â|zdß<}Ô
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â­fg h Tconset(*)ãä1åæç±4ÉÊ
1è£#
ÂÃÌA0VìÌO>¹­ Tconset(*#)æ¼AÓ
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e|&¼2Çì}ÔÓ5|øùÌÃ5Á#?YA,eØbc@zmÊy}è5Â|z`ÓU±|O+* > 19°¬#?YA,eØ8ÂâObc
@ØmÊy}Ô Tconset Ø]é±5Â|¬ÓÎ£Ï¶·ØÎÏÔÓ5,|øù5AØ6'¬Ç5Á¬­OÂATµp¬ÈíïwVAC_oæ34 6: (a)Sample #1 | Sample #2 AÝD¯°A@
ÝG½C_æ)ÅrYA¾ØÁnì2Èíïz²ß7 Sample #2 ­*#A^ÒÓUÍ¬AÝ
D¯°A3^Ø´­ÐÃÔÓ5ÁÂAÂ|­#?YA,eØ×428ÒÔÓhÓÂ|z}ÔÓ5Á(b)òA*+¬A Tconset AC_+·*ÅrYA¾ØÁ>¼­#?YA,eA8Â5* = ±19°z±ÁC_| a ¹ØÂA+·7]2
h5|ÈíïwVØRS2h5Á

YÕ$<¬Ò5!\èìÁHÂ¬O2 òA*+¬A#?Y,eA8Ââæz¾¿Ô95|O 6(a)2±çè2 Sample #2 AfèØÝD¯°A3^Ø´­ÐÃÔÓÔ#?YA,eØ´ùÌÃÔÓ
5Â|Ø4ì5ÁÒ¬¿~çè2#?YA,e­,-¤¥¥02÷28á}O>~Èíï6ØrG±5|,-¤¥¥02÷­QR2ÐÃ5ìÌO#?YA,eØÈíï2çóÔ´­ÐÃ5|Óè0V­àÀ¬Ç5ÁSample #2 ¬­Èíï62çóÔ#?YA,eØ>¹´ùÌÃOHA0|}Ôbc@AmÊyØ8Ò¹ Tconset A]éÕ´ùÌÃ5|øù5|OC_oæYAÇ5ÈíïwVÙ Sample #2 ¬ Tconset(*#)æ¼2ÓÎ£Ï¶·ØÎÏhÓÂ|Õ]ÿß$<¬Ò5Á
ÂAçè2OTconset(*#)æ¼AÓÎ£Ï¶·ÙC_oæYzWòÈíïwV|Óó~È`5h×}­OC_2ç5#?YA,e|&¼20QòÓÔÓ5|Æ#¬Ò5Áé­fg h Tconset(*)ãäÄê1ÜU##2Oæ¼AµxYA:y2òÓÔøùÔ95ÁÂA:y­½è;qpp8£ HP 7]¬
RGy}Ôß5Â|ìÌOZeeman wV2ç5bc@µAyp|&¼2Ç¼óÔÓÔÓ5|^ÌÐÃ5Á1 òAêëY­ HP 7]¬ FFLO ijØÖ×}ÔÓ5|ÓèTµp¬Ç5Á 2(d)2ç5|O=>#?1¬A FFLO ij¬­Obc@¾¿:jA:3ýj qFFLO ­ Fermi GAoæYAwVz^Òß-45~5C_æ)2çÌ¹>ÊAæ)z)ß|øùÌÃ5ÁÂAçè2C_æ)2ÅÌhÓ:3ØÎÏ5|O:3æ)|C_æ)Ah±+·|Óèf}ÓN

2

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5Áh3OH // a ¬ 40 kOe 7]23ÓÔOÈíïwVØRS2×ÃÔÓ5>Õ}Ô3Ò~ÓÁ
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Aæ=A78opqrst³Af[h}¬­3â$½>ÑÝ¬}~ÁÂA_z3vâ}Ôß®}]Æ>±Á{f|}#[1] H. K. Onnes, Koninklijke Nederlandsche Akademie van Wetenschappen Proceedings 14, 113(1911); H. K. Onnes, ibid 14, 818 (1912).
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