通信19

C O N T E N T S
1. CTI PFAN Africa Forum for Clean Energy Financing
2. CTI Activities at COP 16
3. CTI Dissemination of Energy Efficiency Technology in
the Rolling Mill Cluster in Gujarat, India in FY2010

4. Energy Efficiency Improvement Program in China
FY20105. Project commissioned by the Ministry of theEnvironment

6. Overall Waste Management for Peru for the
Promotion of Creating a Recycling-oriented Society

7. Baotou Atmospheric Environmental Improvement
Project, Inner Mongolia, China

9. FY 2009 Program to Improve Trade and Investment
Environments commissioned

10. The Project on Invitation to Japan for Environmental
Research (PIER) FY2010

11. “Environmental Cooperation Program for Asia
(ECPA),” commissioned Cambodia

12. FY 2009 International Cooperation Network
Building Project commissioned Vietnam

13. FY 2010 International Cooperation Network
Building Project

14. The Thirtieth Anniversary of the Friendship City
Affiliation between Yokkaichi and Tianjin

15. The Interactive Fair for Biodiversity (COP 10)

FY 2010 METI Subsidised Project

CTI PFAN Africa Forum for
Clean Energy Financing
CTI PFAN Africa Forum for Clean Energy Financing (AFRICEF) was held on 14-15
September 2010 in Johannesburg, South Africa. During the course of May, three Project
Development & Financing Workshops for the 16 short-listed projects participating in the AFRICEF
were held in Uganda, Mozambique and South Africa.

Outline■ Background
Since FY 2008, ICETT has been organising fora in Asiawith aims to provide business-matching opportunities forboth clean energy project developers and investors, and toenhance the fund-raising ability of project developers. This
forum was also held in Africa in 2010. Among the 65
applications received from 16 countries, 16 projects wereshort-listed to participate in the AFRICEF process.
There is a lack of understanding (gap) which we call the“missing middle” between project developers and investors.
The Project Development and Financing workshops held in
Kampala, Uganda(May 21, 25 participants), Maputo,
Mozambique(May 24, 13 participants) and Johannesburg,
South Africa(May 26, 21 participants) also served as apreparatory workshop, coaching and learning sessions tofulfill this gap.

Workshop in Uganda: Enthusiastically explaining that many projects
can lie under a single umbrellaKampalaWorkshop in Mozambique■ Visiting Africa

Johannesburg

Although this was my first visittotheAfricanRegion,unfortunately, there was notmuch opportunity to experience
the atmosphere and featuresunique to Africa, as not tomention the danger of going out
at night but going out alone evenin the daytime can be equally
dangerous, our scope of activity
was limited to the trip between
Zakumi, the mascot for thethe workshop venues and our2010 FIFA World Cup
accommodations.
With the whole of South Africa already enthralled in theatmosphere of the World Cup, we could find the various
national flags, “Zakumi”, the official mascot for the 2010 FIFA
World Cup, and various related decorations such as soccerballs around the city. Although it was physically demanding
event, taking about two days for the one-way trip including
waiting time in transit with seven hours time difference, I was
happy to see the workshop going over well and being
appreciated by the participants. (Kawaguchi)

Maputo■ Outline of the workshops
Participating in these workshops were people from theAfrican Development Bank and Ministries of Energy inaddition to project developers, relevant organizations, anddesignated advisors. The workshops were designed toprovide expert input to the selected project developers on thedevelopment and structuring of their projects and the
preparation of bankable business plans and investor pitches.
All the participants, especially the project developers, eagerly
listened to the lectures and actively exchanged their opinions.
Many participants stayed till the end of the sessions though
we were running behind schedule. We have received positive
feedback from the participants rating the workshop very
informative.

1

CTI Activities at COP 16
December, 2010

Cancun, Mexico

The United Nations Climate Change Conference was held in Cancun, Mexico from November
29 to December 11, 2010. The 16th Conference of the Parties to the United Nations Framework
Convention on Climate Change (COP 16) and the 6th session of the Conference of the Parties
serving as the meeting of the Parties to the Kyoto Protocol (COP/MOP6) as well as the 33rd Ad Hoc Working Groupon Further Commitments for Annex I Parties under the Kyoto Protocol (AWG-KP) and the 15th Ad Hoc Working
Group on Long-term Cooperative Action under the Convention (AWG-LCA) were held at the conference where
Parties discussed the ways forward in strengthening international cooperation for the long-term climate change
regime under the Framework Convention and the Kyoto Protocol.
ICETT participated in the Conference as the CTI Programme Secretariat to hold side events as well as set up an
information booth to enhance better understanding of our activities. At the conference, 12,000 representatives fromgovernments, UN agencies, international organizations, and NGOs were in attendance.

Outline

UNFCCC’s technology transfer objectives in close cooperation
with the UNFCCC secretariat by launching the CTI Private
Financing Advisory Network (PFAN) as a means of promoting
the access to financing necessary to implement climate-friendly
projects in developing countries.
The CTI PFAN, which is a highly effective endeavor, facilitatesfurthering the opportunities for financing of project developers
and entrepreneurs involved in clean energy, renewable energy,
and energy efficiency projects, via public-private sector
partnerships, and encouraging technology transfer to developing
countries and countries with economies in transition. The CTIPFAN network consists of private financial institutions, project
finance experts, non-profit organizations, multilateralorganizations, and governmental organizations. In order toparticipate in the CTI PFAN program, members must have trackrecord of investing in climate-friendly projects in developing
countries, and providing financial services.

Side event panelists■ Efforts to combat climate change as an international society
began with the adoption of the United Nations Framework
Convention on Climate Change (UNFCCC) in 1992. This
Convention provided an action framework for stabilizing
atmospheric concentrations of greenhouse gases in order toavoid “dangerous anthropogenic interference” of climate change.
The UNFCCC went into effect on March 21, 1994, and has
currently been ratified by 194 countries.

■ The CTI has positioned the PFAN programme at its core inorder to guide discussion at the UNFCCC, and at this conference
reported the progress and plans for the future by holding two side
events. It was noted that the CTI has supported over 100
projects through its PFAN activities in the four years of operation
since its establishment in 2006, and 21 projects reached financial
closure securing private-sector financing of aggregate 232 million
US dollars. By implementing these projects, 240 megawatts ofclean energy will be provided and greenhouse gases will be
reduced by 1,260,000 tons of CO2 per annum. Four of theseprojects are energy efficiency improvement projects, which will
result in 61.3 GWh in energy savings per year.

■ The Climate Technology Initiative (CTI), established by theInternational Energy Agency (IEA)/OECD member countries andthe European Commission at the first Conference of the Parties(COP1) to the UNFCCC held in 1995, is a multilateral initiative
for international cooperation.
Its mission is to bring countries together to foster international
co-operation in the accelerated development and diffusion ofclimate-friendly and environmentally sound technologies andpractices. CTI participating countries have, since its founding,been undertaking a broad range of co-operative activities inpartnership with developing and transition countries and otherinternational bodies. The CTI works closely with the United
Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change (UNFCCC)
process, including its Secretariat and the Expert Group on
Technology Transfer (EGTT), relevant IEA Implementing
Agreements and other international organizations or initiatives.
The CTI implements a wide range of activities to provide
assistanceintechnology
needs
assessments,
awareness-raising, capacity building, and technical support in
keeping with the technology transfer framework established at
the UNFCCC’s Marrakech Accord. In 2003, the CTI wasreformed as an Implementing Agreement of the IEA andestablished an international secretariat at ICETT broadening thescope of its activities.

Side event participants■ As CTI PFAN program makes effective use of the limited
public resources and are highly effective in facilitating access to
private sector financing and direct investment, CTI is planning towork toward incorporating PFAN-like tool in the post-2012
framework in order to contribute to achieving the goals of the
UNFCCC. (T. Kuroda)■ Financing issues have been one of the main focus of
discussion for technology transfer under the UNFCCC. To
respond to these issues, CTI has been contributing to the2

FY 2010 METI Subsidised Project

A Project to Promote International

A Project to Promote Reduction of Greenhouse
India

CTI Dissemination of Energy Efficiency Technology in the Rolling Mill Cluster in Gujarat,
India in FY2010
ICETT has implemented a program to reduce greenhouse gas emissions through resource andOutline energy efficiency, targeting rolling mills in India, as a subsidiary project of the Ministry of Economy, Tradeand Industry. This project involved partnering with the Climate Technology Initiative (CTI) and working
with the cooperation of technical specialists involved in energy efficiency in Japan as well as India. We would like toshow you the results that have been achieved in the region where we implemented this program last year.

■ Background and Objectives■ Dissemination Activities in the Bhavnagar Area

India, which continues to experience economic growth, emits
the largest volume of greenhouse gases after the United States,
China, and Russia, and energy conservation policies are being
developed. India’s industrial structure is characterized by thenational development of small and medium-sized industry hubs
called industrial clusters, and in these regions, many issues
remain regarding greenhouse gas emission reduction andenergy conservation through more effective energy use. For thisproject, we implemented technological assistance in connection
with factory facility improvement and operational management,
aiming at resource and energy efficiency-related technology
transfer and dissemination in the rolling mill cluster in the stateof Gujarat in western India.

This fiscal year, we provided technical support throughworkshops and guidance visits for factory owners and site
supervisors in order to disseminate the results of our model
factory to the rolling mills in the cluster. In addition to improving
the energy efficiency of previous furnace installations, we
instituted new technical guidance, including detailed analysis ofrolling processes in target factories and temperature
management optimization. The result is that as of this year, wehave carried out renovations for improving the furnaces of threecompanies.

Technical guidance through factory visits

Bhavnagar,
Gujarat, India■ Wide Dissemination of Energy
Efficiency Improvements
Last year, rolling mills in Bhavnagar, Gujarat were selected
to be the focus of our efforts, and we carried out energy
efficiency examinations, inspected improvement measures for
effective furnaces, and implemented improvement renovations
at a model factory. Once the improvement renovations weredone, we conducted measurements for different kinds of data,
analyzed the results of our improvements, and held workshops
to explain our activities and showcase our results in order todisseminate these improvements throughout the area.

Through our activities in Bhavnagar, we were able to develop
an energy efficiency improvement system with our Indian
partners, furnace installation companies, and local consultants.
We had factory owners consult with us regarding the causes ofproblems in manufacturing processes and maintaining reliable
product quality. Through the great trust placed in technicalassistance offered by Japanese specialists and energy
efficiency assistance for industry clusters in those areas mostimportant for India’s development, we expect to keep
encouraging the reduction of greenhouse gas emissions.
(Tabata)

Furnace construction

A workshop for factory engineers■ Project Specifics and Results3

Research on the Global Environment

Gases Emitted by Industries in Developing Countries
China Energy Efficiency Improvement Program in China FY2010
As part of an assistance program by the Ministry of Economy, Trade and Industry, we have formed

Outline partnerships with organizations in China and, on April 1, 2008, began a project to reducegreenhouse gas emissions in China. In fiscal 2010, we began activities to disseminate and develop,
in Jiangsu Province, the energy efficiency improvements we had previously implemented in the chemicalfertilizer industry in the southern Chinese province of Yunnan.

■ Background of the Projectof resources and energy more widely available, and we worked
on ways to promote and firmly establish activities for improving
business. This fiscal year, we are aiming to reduce greenhousegas emissions further by repeating the successes we had with
our program in Yunnan and extending them to chemical fertilizer
companies in Jiangsu.

As a result of China’s economic growth, the volume of fossil
fuels consumed by the country has increased rapidly. According
to “2009 Greenhouse Gas Emission Statistics” published by theInternational Energy Agency (IEA), China overtook the UnitedStates in 2007 to become the world’s biggest CO2 emissions
producer. This is an energy issue as well as an environmental
one that needs to be solved promptly. As part of its eleventh
five-year plan, China has been aiming to reduce energy
consumption per GDP unit by 20%. In order to achieve that
objective this year, the final year of that plan, it is consideredessential to take these efforts to the next level.
In fiscal 2008, our foundation carried out resource and energy
efficiency assistance in the chemical fertilizer industry in Yunnan
Province as a project for supporting the reduction of greenhousegas emissions in an effort to target high-energy-consuming
industries within China. We implemented support activities toreduce greenhouse gas emissions at two chemical fertilizer

Technical guidance at a factory

Project Implementation Site: Jiangsu, China
Jiangsu■ Objective and Specifics of the Project
The objective of our activities in fiscal 2010 was to reducegreenhouse gas emissions by improving the efficiency with which
resources and energy were used by chemical fertilizer companies
in Jiangsu, China, In June, we implemented training related toresource and energy efficiency, targeting energy efficiency
managers and engineers at chemical fertilizer companies in theprovince as well as staff of energy conservation organizations.
Japanese expert along with engineers from model companies in
Yunnan gave presentations at chemical fertilizer companies todemonstrate examples of resource and energy savings at chemical fertilizer plants in Yunnan, and participants appeared to gain
ideas for improving resource and energy efficiency at their own
companies.
Currently, we’re conducting on-site examinations at threetarget companies. We’re also offering proposals on how to
improve resource and energy efficiency as well as technicalguidance for implementing those improvement methods. Goingforward, we plan to apply our successes in Jiangsu and examine
methods of disseminating them in order to have these successes
widely shared among the chemical fertilizer industry in China.
(Oya, Nagasaka)

Yunnancompanies, In addition to reducing the combined CO2 emissionsof those companies by 120,000 tons per year, we succeeded in
reducing atmospheric pollutants and improving productivity bylowering coal consumption. In 2009, we implemented an
assistance program to widely disseminate those results to otherchemical fertilizer businesses in the province. As a result, wewere able to reduce the total annual CO2 emissions by 160,000
tons, reduce the industry’s environmental burden, and lower
coal consumption through activities targeted at six chemicalfertilizer companies, and in doing so we succeeded in improving
productivity. In addition, our activities in fiscal 2009 consisted ofproducing textbooks on resource and energy efficiency to use as
tools making information on our project results and efficient use

4

FY 2009 project commissioned by the Ministry of the Environment

Project based on International Expansion of Japan-model
Environmental Control Technologies and Techniques in China
The “Clean Asia Initiative,”which was proposed by the Ministry of the Environment in June 2008,

Outline stipulates that packages of environmental measures, measurement technologies, regulation systems,

human resources, etc., will be disseminated and further developed based on Japanʼs experience insuccessful pollution control, thereby promoting measures that help to achieve a low-carbon/low-pollution society.
In this project, under the above-mentioned purpose, we implemented the following three activities as anindividual cooperative project in China: 1. Understanding the needs for environmental countermeasuretechnologies in China and creating a list of technologies, 2. Training courses to enhance the capacity forenvironmental management of local provinces such as Panzhihua city, Sichuan Province, China, and 3.
Conducting a seminar on reduction of the total amount of nitrogen oxide and on-site investigation at the relevant
facilities in Japan.

1. Understanding the needs for environmental countermeasuretechnologies in China and creating a list of technologies

companies, who are expected to take the leadership in theenvironmental field in the future. The focus of the training was todeepen understanding on environmental management among theparticipants through visits to monitoring stations and companies in
addition to classroom learning.
The training in Panzhihua City, Sichuan Province was conducted
for four days from November 10 to 13, 2009. This training was
implemented for about 20 participants, including environmental
officials of Panzhihua City and representatives from companies on
subjects such as co-benefit, administrative methods and techniques
for the preservation of the atmospheric environment, and climatechange issues.

We conducted a survey on the needs for environmental
countermeasure technologies in the fields of air and water quality,
based on the current environmental situation and the future plansof China. We conducted surveys on nitrogen oxide (NOx), which
is being considered for total amount reduction from 2011 in thefield of atmosphere; and on nitrogen & phosphorus, which areconsidered some of the serious problems to be dealt with in thefield of water quality.* Moreover, based on the gathered
information, we listed technologies applicable to China, in both
Chinese and Japanese, including low NOx burners, flue gas
denitrification equipment, and denitration catalysts and nitrogenoxide monitoring, as technologies for measures against nitrogenoxide emissions from fixed sources.

3. Conducting a seminar on the reduction of the total amount of nitrogenoxide and on-site investigation at the relevant facilities in Japan* Some of literature surveys were outsourced.

To contribute to formulating a policy and plans for China on the
reduction of the total amount of nitrogen oxide, the “Second
Workshop for Japan-China Joint Research on the Reduction of
Total Mass of Nitrogen Oxides” (NOx) was held for two days on
November 4 and 5, 2009 in Beijing, focusing on measures toreduce the total amount of nitrogen oxide in the field of atmosphere.
The first workshop was held in Beijing in July 2009, focusing on
legal regulations and administrative measures on the reduction ofNOx. The focus of this second workshop was the technical aspects.
The workshop, which was attended by environmental officials fromJapan and China and representatives of companies, included
presentations from participants from both Japan and China andexchanges of opinions.
Furthermore, to deepen
understanding of the actual
status of technologies forthe reduction of NOx, we
invited six persons from the
Ministry of Environmental
Protection of China, etc., to
The Second Workshop (Beijing, China)
study tours in Japan from
December 1 to 5, 2009. The participants visited relevant facilities
such as a coal fired power plant, a cement plant and an automotive
factory and exchanged opinions on designing systems for the
reduction of the total amount of NOx, as well as cooperation
between Japan and China to reduce NOx in the future with officials
from the Ministry of the Environment. (Asano)

2. Training courses to enhance the capacity for environmental
management of local provinces such as Panzhihua City
Japan’s Ministry of the Environment and China’s Ministry ofEnvironmental Protection have jointly implemented theJapan-China co-benefit model project in order to promote the“Co-benefit Approach,” which is designed to simultaneously realizeboth environmental improvement and global warming
countermeasures. Also, they have implemented a Japan-China joint
research project and other projects for the assessment ofenvironmental pollutant reduction programs from a perspective of“co-benefit” for Panzhihua City, Sichuan Province. In this project,training on environmental management, prevention of air pollution
and co-benefit technologies was implemented both in Japan andPanzhihua City in cooperation with the Japan-China co-benefit
model project, to enhance the abilities of persons in charge ofenvironmental management in Panzhihua City and in companies
toward higher effectiveness.
The training in Japan was
conducted from October 18 to
24, 2009, in Yokkaichi City,
Tokai City in Aichi Prefecture,
Kawasaki City, and Tokyo,
with 10 persons invited,
including
officials
fromPanzhihua and other cities
Training in Japan for officials fromand representatives from
Panzhihua City, etc.

5

FY 2009 JICA Country-Focused Training Course

Overall Waste Management for Promoting
Recycling-oriented Societies in Peru
Outline

ICETT held training under the theme of overall waste management for 10 local
administrators from Peru for 37 days from February 4 to March 12 in 2010.

■ Backgroundsuch as a cleanup activity in the local community and a follow-up survey
intended to improve the efficiency of the garbage collection routes,
allowed participants to identify cooperative-type activities between local
residents and the local government and come up with ideas for theactivities. To establish an action plan for the improvement of waste
management to be implemented by the participants themselves after
returning to Peru, participants presented concrete measures according
to their duties as feasible ideas after returning to Peru.

In Peru, the Ministry of the Environment was newly established in
May 2008, and began to take charge of waste management, which
was previously under the jurisdiction of the Ministry of Health (MINSA).
However, this transfer has yet to be completely implemented, withmanagement being duplicated between the two Ministries. The
Ministry of the Environment has no local agencies due to its
incomplete establishment, and cannot be expected to implement local
activities related to waste management. Moreover, most local
governments, which are entities in charge of implementing waste
management, fall far short of providing basic services to their citizens.
Aiming to enhance the daily management and control capacity of local
governments, this training was held with a focus on techniques andmethods used in Japan that led to the improvement of waste
management.

■ Participatory cleanup activity
As a part of residents' participatory activities, participants joined in
the cleanup activity of Oyodo Beach in Meiwa-cho, Mie Prefecture on
February 14 (Sun). That day, approximately 50 people, including local
elementary school students and participants engaged in this activity.
This cleanup activity was organized by Beach Clean, a group which
was formed two years ago by seven local young persons and has
continued to conduct voluntary cleanup activities. The representativeof Beach Clean conveyed to the participants the wish of the group,
saying “In addition to the continuance of our cleanup activities in the
future, we hope to see the formation of other groups in other areas thatengage in activities like ours.” The participants did the best they could
to pick up trash by hand on the beach and in the surrounding open
spaces. From the comments from the participants, such as“Participating in the cleanup activity and interacting with local residents
was a truly precious experience for me,” we understood that they
enjoyed the activity. The participants seemed to be deeply impressedwith young people taking the lead in the environmental preservation
effort and commented that they wished to engage in activities like thatin cooperation with students after returning Peru. (Nagasaka)■ Training details
In the training, participants aimed to improve daily governmental
management and control of waste disposal, to enhance the daily
management and control capacity of local governments, to create arecycling-oriented society, and to promote the 3Rs in Peru. To that
end, adopting tips from the characteristics and efforts of Japan’s waste
management administration and waste disposal technologies, theparticipants compared Japan’s style with that of Peru. The training was
divided mainly into three themes—“Japan’s waste management
system,” “solid waste management technologies” and “environmental
awareness education,” in order to analyze Peru’s waste disposal
system and seek reform measures against the problems. Duringclassroom learning, sufficient time was allocated to the Q & A sessionin order for participants to find solutions to their challenges. Also,
depending on the class, some time was spent on discussion in which
instructors and participants exchanged opinions. In the study tour,
participants learned about Japan’s various waste disposal
technologies by actually observing a landfill site and efforts forrecycling, and identified the tools to be adopted to improve waste
management in their home country. In the entire course of this training,participants could recognize the necessity of cooperation andclarification of the roles of administration and the private sector, andconsider what should be their first step toward reforming andimproving the mindsets of residents. Moreover, participatory training,

Participating in acleanup activity

Interacting with local residents in the cleanup activity

Tour to the Yokkaichi City Southern Landfill Site

6

JICA Yen Credit

Baotou Atmospheric Environmental Improvement Project

Baotou Atmospheric Environmental Improvement
Project, Inner Mongolia, China■ Project Objectives
Baotou, the principle industrial center of Inner Mongolia, is planning ways to reduce the emission of atmospheric pollutants byconstructing natural gas pipelines and converting from coal to natural gas energy. As a JICA yen credit project, ICETT conducted
two weeks of training in order to help improve air quality and raise environmental and living standards of residence in Baotou.

■ Baotou, Inner Mongolia■ Participants
Our participants were the president, two vice-presidents,
accounting department head, and an executive assistant of
the Baotou Gas Company Ltd.-five people in total. Fromtheir titles, one would imagine people well along in years,
but in actuality, the participants who came to Japan wereyouthful and energetic, ranging in age from their mid-thirties
to their early forties.

Baotou★

A lecture■ Training Specifics
The autonomous region of Inner Mongolia is situated innorthern China along the border with Mongolia. The name
Baotou comes from the Mongolian language and means“place with deer.” The Yellow River runs through thesouthern portion of Baotou, which is situated at the southedge of the Inner Mongolian Highlands. The average
year-round temperature is 6.4°C, with annual rainfall of 310
mm. 27,768 km_ in area, the city is rich in mineral
resources. It has a population of 2,457,600 people
composed of 31 ethnicities, including Mongolians, Han, andHui.
Baotou is the biggest industrial city in Inner Mongolia andan important part of China’s industrial base.

The participants studied the case of Yokkaichi city from theexperience of the dealing with the pollution. They learned
about the effectiveness of converting to natural gas as a fuelfor improving air quality, as well as the damaging effects on
residents’ health, consideration regarding the cost of Pollution
control measures, and the necessity of instituting measures
early on.
Then a discussion was held to allow the exchange of
opinions between the participants and Japanese energy
specialists and lecturers from gas company, regarding the gas
supply business in their countries.
We learned that in China, they don’t install gas meters
outside the house as we do it in Japan, and they install it
inside the house often in the kitchen. So, it is inconvenient formeasurement of gas amount.

7

■ The Participants’ Free Time

Participants were taken on observational tours at
Hokkaido Gas, Tokyo Gas, Toho Gas, Osaka Gas, and Ueno
Gas in Iga, where they were able to receive explanations on
a variety of important topics from each respective gas
company.
Participants received explanations from Hokkaido Gas
regarding the burying and maintenance of pipelines in cold
regions, and from Tokyo Gas regarding gas companies’
environmental efforts, while at Toho Gas, they were able toobserve a natural gas filling station for automobiles and wereintroduced to Offshore gas pipe lines lines currently being
built. At Osaka Gas, they learned about the opportunity that

During the duration of training, Japanese language
classes were held. The participants learned about thedifferences between Chinese and Japanese etiquette andtransportation methods as well as studying the hiragana
and learning basic conversational Japanese. The
participants seemed to enjoy diving into Japanese, andwalked around with their notebook-style textbooks,
practicing their Japanese wherever they went. They also
took their own notes regarding the Japanese theyencountered and ended up compiling their own Japaneseconversation handbook.
For dinner in Kobe, they went to the Nankinmachi area,
where the participants were able to have a good time
conversing with the staff at a Chinese restaurant in
Chinese. However, the Chinese food in Nankinmachi wasflavored to Japanese tastes and differed from how theparticipants liked it. Since it wasn’t spicy enough, theyadded doubanjiang and cayenne peppers.

Gas pipeline site

the Great Hanshin Earthquake provided for helping thatcompany improve its earthquake-proofing measures, and theparticipants gained a new awareness of the importance ofensuring lifelines in the case of a disaster. Continuing
onward, at Ueno Gas in Iga, the participants showed themost interest in learning about the construction of gas
meters and gas utility billing systems, about which theparticipants had many questions.
Besides gas companies, the participants were introduced
to maintenance methods and inspection and troubleshooting
techniques for pipelines at JFE Engineering Corporation,and they were taken on a tour of the Chubu Electric Power
Company’s Kawagoe thermoelectric power station, whichuses natural gas as its fuel.
In Kobe, they were given a tour of the Disaster Reductionand Human Renovation Institution, where they received
instruction regarding the Great Hanshin Earthquake which
would also apply to earthquake-prone China. They watcheda re-enactment film, and, in the corner dedicated to “disaster
reduction,” or solutions for reducing casualties during
unavoidable disasters, they had an opportunity to consider
earthquake protection measures. The participants weregreatly appreciative of this.

Nankinmachi, Kobe

■ Training Postscript
During a courtesy visit to JICA headquarters, the company
president averred with determination that “when we return
home, we will take advantage of our training here in our
day-to-day work. We will endeavor to make our city a model
for improving air quality.” As a manager, I think those words
hold a great deal of promise. (Kise)

JICA courtesy visit

8Commissioned by JETRO FY 2009 Program to Improve Trade and Investment Environments

Pilot demonstration project for Dissemination of
Small Wind Turbines in the Republic of the Philippines
As a part of the “FY 2009 Program to Improve Trade and Investment Environments (pilot

Outline demonstration projects)” by the Japan External Trade Organization (JETRO), ICETT formed aconsortium with Loopwing Co., Ltd. and implemented a “pilot demonstration project for thewidespread use of small wind turbines” under the commission of JETRO in cooperation with the Philippine
government and other people concerned.

■ Background and purpose

Project Manager
Comment of Mr. Kazuo Kamimura (former
Director of R & D Unit of ICETT)This project was launched in order to install Loopwing’s small
wind turbines, which were invented in fiscal 2007 through a joint
development under METI’s technology development promotion
project, to demonstrate the effectiveness of the small windturbines to the Philippine government and people involved in
private enterprises, and to propose an appropriate system andimplement promotional activities for that purpose.
The Philippine’s Department of Energy laid down an energy planin May 2008 for the penetration of renewable energies. Aiming toenhance the self-sufficiency rate in energy and to resolve theconstant electric power shortage, the development of renewableenergy from wind power occupies an important place in the
country’s national development plans. In particular, with thepassing of the renewable energy bill in the Philippine Congress in
May 2009, the legal framework for this field was established. With
only a limited track record regarding small wind turbines in thePhilippines, it is expected that a system for widespread use of theturbines will be established in the country. Compared to theregional infrastructure, which requires a large amount of funds,
small wind turbines, which can contribute to the practical use ofnatural energy and lands, are considered very effective for thePhilippines.

This was a pilot demonstration
project aimed at the widespreaduse of small wind turbines, an idea
developed from the desire to makeuse of the technical expertise
accumulated by ICETT forsustainable development in thePhilippines. My heart was thrilled
to learn that the result of a joint R& D project with private enterprises, which I was in chargeof at ICETT using my expertise as an engineer, hadmaterialized into actual business.
Also, ICETT has so far provided support mainly for theenvironmental and energy fields. I assume that many
people may wonder why wind power generation should be
developed in the Philippines. I have long regarded thePhilippines as a very future-oriented country English-speaking, located in Asia, and possessing latentpotential - even from the perspective of new energy
technology transfer. In particular, I was deeply impressedby the fact that the Philippines’ high officials - equivalent toMinisters, Vice Ministers and managers in Japan - tookgreat interest in small wind turbines developed by ICETT,
and have worked to advance this project. Above all, being
blessed with opportunities to have direct discussions withthem can be regarded not only as a personal honor but
also as a benefit for ICETT.
Taking this opportunity, as an engineer I would like tocontinue my effort in some way to spread technologies
demanded in developing countries, as a means of further
promoting our support for other countries in cooperation
with various relevant organizations.

■ Project details and achievement
This project was launched in August 2009, and after several
discussions and field studies with people related to the project,small wind turbines (with a power rating of 2 kW) were installed inthree places in the National Capital Region (Manila metropolitan
region) and Region IV(Calabarzon)
inNovember. Aftertheinstallation, the windconditiondata
wasgathered and analyzed,
and the future adaptability
and operability of theturbinewere
demonstrated. Generated
power, which will be usedforilluminationandbioreactors, is expected tocontribute to a reduction in
power consumption. In
December, a promotionalseminar was held at a
hotel Metro Manila.
A small wind turbine installed on the roof ofThis project ended with the participation of approximately 120
people from central government offices, local governments andprivate enterprises. However, this is not the end of our activities.
We would also like to continue our analysis of the results of thisproject as well as our efforts to further spread small wind turbines
not only in Philippines but also to other countries, using our
experience in this pilot demonstration project. (Ohashi)

the Department of Science and Technology

9

The Project on Invitation to Japan forEnvironmental Research (PIER) FY2010
The Aichi EXPO ended with great success in September 2005. To develop and hand down its
basic philosophy of “bringing together and internationally exchanging the wisdom of the world
to address global issues,” ICETT has implemented the project that aims to invite excellent researchers in theenvironmental field from developing countries and regions, and to help them to bring back the knowledge andtechnologies they acquired in the research activities in this project. We entered to the forth year of the projectand now, 1 researcher from Egypt and 2 from Pakistan are currently doing research in each lab.

PREFACERESEARCH OUTLINE in FY2010■ Waste & Recycling Field·Name: Mr. Ashraf (Arab Republic of Egypt)·Research Title: “Attempt to develop a new chromium-recycling
material serviceable to leather tanning industry”·Supervisor & Laboratory: Prof. Kazuhiro HARA. Graduate
School of Engineering (Research Institute of Environment for
Sustainability), Kyushu University·Activity outline: To extract the trivalent chromium from theprocess of tanning industry with effective way, then reuse it
again in the process for Cleaner Production. As absorption
medium, a kind of poly-hydrogel (acryl amide/ sodiumacrylate)
are used by changing the molar concentration, then theireffectiveness was tested. Another effective factor is immersion
time. The best-mixed condition for Cr 3+ capturing is on testing.
De-sorption tests are also scheduled.

■ Water Field·Name: Dr. Anjum (Islamic Republic of Pakistan)·Research Title: Molecular genomics work on improving thepotential of Phytoremediation for selected plants·Supervisor & Laboratory: Prof. Tomonobu KUSANO.
Graduate School of Life Sciences, Tohoku University·Activity outline: For effective Phytoremediation of heavy metal(HM) contaminated water & soil, some HM resistant types are
explored. In this research, Cd tolerant types are focused. Inorder to strengthen the function, effective genes were identified
through experiments and their clones are isolated. In the next
step, selected clones' characteristics are tested by Cd
contaminated medium. If the result is good, the cloned genes
are supposed to be used for further experiment.

■ Waste to Energy Field·Name: Dr. Asma (Islamic Republic of Pakistan)·Research Title: Genetic studies on improving the potential of
microorganisms for bioethanol production from organic wastes·Supervisor & Laboratory: Prof. Shuichi KARITA. Graduate
School of Regional Innovation Studies, Mie University·Activity outline: Targeting on lignocellulosic biomass for thesource of bioethanol, sugarcane bagasse was selected. For the
first step, genetic studies were done for effective hydrolysis ofcellulose then one effective gene was selected. Researches arecontinued for high rate of ethanol production, and then somegood yeast strains have been determined. (Minamikawa)

10Commissioned by Mie Prefecture

Environmental Cooperation Program for Asia (ECPA)

Seminars in Sihanoukville Province, the Kingdom of
Cambodia and training of participants invited to JapanICETT has conducted an “Environmental Cooperation Program for Asia (ECPA)” forOutline Sihanoukville Province, the Kingdom of Cambodia for two years since fiscal 2008. Over the twoyears, seminars in the province and a training program in Japan were conducted, and an
environmental action plan was formulated from the basic environmental plan. The ECPA, which had been
conducted since fiscal 1998 in six countries in Asia, ended with this year’s program.

■ Background
Sihanoukville Province, the Kingdom of Cambodia hasachieved economic growth since around the beginning of 2000,
focusing on manufacturing, trade and port industries. At the sametime, the province, where various environmental problems are
becoming obvious due to an increase in its population andinfrastructural development following rapid economic growth,needs to accelerate its efforts toward environment countermeasures.
To solve this situation, the basic environmental plan wasestablished in fiscal 2008, which was designed to reaffirm theprovince’s environmental problems and to clarify the ideal futureenvironment to be targeted. Moreover, an environmental action
program was established to implement concrete actions in fiscal
2009. The basic environmental plan and environmental action
program were established through discussions mainly by theprovince’s administrators and with the participation ofrepresentatives from relevant provincial bodies and the national
government as well as local residents.

Group discussion in Sihanoukville Province in December

To close the ECPA in fiscal 2009, a general seminar was held in
the province in March. The general seminar was held toannounce the plans established through discussions for theenvironmental action plan and to complete them by asking for the
final opinions of the participants. In this seminar, we were able toconfirm that the participants certainly enhanced their awarenessof the environment through their participation in this ECPA byforming their opinions from acute perspectives, which had notpreviously been explored. Such opinions included “Whenimplementing the environmental action plan, which department
will be in charge of which project should be clarified in theenvironmental action plan” and “Risks in implementing the
program should be taken into consideration.” The concrete plans
for the program, which were established in this seminar, will be
implemented with the approval of the provincial governor under adetailed schedule. (Matsuoka)■ Training program in Japan in fiscal 2009
Based on the basic environmental plan established in fiscal
2008, the environmental action plan was created in fiscal 2009 for
concrete implementation. At the start, officials of the provincial
government and workers of the relevant bodies in the province
were invited to Japan for about 20 days of training starting fromthe end of August. In the training, concrete plans for the program
were made, throwing light on issues to be dealt with in theprovince such as waste and sewerage water problems and theconservation of natural resources as priorities.

Exhibiting at the Yokkaichi Bazaar 2010
The 19th Yokkaichi Bazaar
was held for two days on
April 3 (Sat) and 4 (Sun) in2010. Even though slightly
chilly weather returned
during the cherry blossom
season, many people,
including residents of Yokkaichi City, enjoyed the Bazaar
under cherry blossoms nearly in full bloom. More than 500
people who visited ICETT’s booth were able to handle
rare souvenir products from around the world and watch avideo of ICETT’s activities. Visiting children tried to solve
environmental quizzes. Visitors to the Bazaar included
Chinese and American residents of Yokkaichi City, andeveryone learned about the activities of ICETT. (Sonobe)

Training in Japan in August■ Seminars in Sihanoukville Province in fiscal 2009In December, actual implementers of the program, such as
officials of the provincial government as well as people involved in
education and companies, identified further problems throughdiscussions on the plans for the program.

11

Commissioned by Mie Prefecture

FY 2009 International Cooperation Network Promotion Project

Public Awareness Seminar and Technical Guidance in
Ha Dong District, the capital city of Ha Noi, Vietnam
This project was launched in fiscal 2007. In December fiscal 2009, the Public Awareness

Outline Seminar and Technical Guidance was held in Ha Dong District, in the capital city of Ha Noi,
Vietnam.

■ Background & purpose of the project

Ministry of Trade andIndustry of Vietnam, andrelated Ministries andcorporate engineers.

Commissioned by Mie Prefecture, ICETT has conducted the“Environmental Cooperation Program for Asia (hereinafter “ECPA”)”
since fiscal 1998, designed to support local governments in Asia andaimed at establishing environmental preservation and constructing
environmental preservation program. Since fiscal 2007, ICETT has
implemented the “International Cooperation Network Building Project,”which aims to build international cooperation networks through publicawareness seminars in the City of Tagaytay, Philippines andProbolinggo City, Indonesia, former locations in which the ECPA was
implemented.
In this International Cooperation Network Building Project, a fieldsurvey was conducted in order to understand the (social) environmental
status of Ha Dong City, Vietnam (present day Ha Dong District in Ha
Noi), where the ECPA was implemented, and the progress status ofafter the ECPA’s International Cooperation Network Building Project.
Also, a Public Awareness Seminar was held to strengthen the human
network that ICETT has built through its former trainees, and to further
activate exchanges with Mie Prefecture.

A group shot of seminar participants■ Project evaluations
This seminar was held to strengthen the human networks establishedby Mie Prefecture, ICETT, and the Ha Noi City and Ha Dong District
Governments in Vietnam, as well as to introduce the environmental
preservation activities of Mie Prefecture. Favorable evaluations in thequestionnaire after the seminar are introduced as follow:
Seminar details: 88%, Training: 93%
Teaching materials used in the seminar: 93%■ Outline of the seminar■ Technical guidance/survey after the seminar

On December 2, 2009, a seminar was held at the Ministry of
Defense’s lodging training facility (MOD Palace) in the capital city of HaNoi.
In the seminar, after the introduction of the past efforts of ICETT, theimportance of environmental measures by small- and medium-sizedbusiness establishments was explained by introducing efforts in Japan.
Under the recognition that it is important to address environmental
preservation from the issues around us, Ryozo Naito, ICETT’s Directorof Training Unit and Katsuhiko Yamamoto, Senior of Yokkaichi
Agriculture, Forestry, Commerce, Industry and Environment Office, Mie
Prefecture gave lectures titled “Environmental Education in Japan” and“Assist for Waste & Water Treatment Problems”, respectively.
As for participants from Vietnam, after the presentation titled the“ECPA’s Outcome and Challenges in Ha Dong” by Thi Kim Son, Vice
Director of Environmental and Resource Department of Ha Dong City
who engaged in the ECPA, Nguyen Thi Lam Giang, a specialist from
the Ministry of Industry and Trade of Vietnam, Director Tran Van Nhanof the Vietnam Cleaner Production (CP) Center, and Vice Manager
Nguyen Canh Dung of the Institute for Industry Policy and Strategy(IPSI),Vietnam presented their reports titled “Sustainable Developmentof Small and Medium-sized Businesses in the Capital City of Ha Noi,”“CP (Cleaner Production) in Vietnam” and “Environmental Measures in
Handy Craft Villages,” respectively.
The seminar was participated in by 70 people, including officials fromthe Ha Dong District Government, the district in which ICETT
implemented the ECPA; the People's Committee of Ha Dong District;
traders and manufacturers in the district; as well as administrators fromHa Noi City Government in Vietnam, the Ministry of Industry and Tradeof Vietnam & Institute for Industry Policy and Strategy (Vietnam), theOn December 3, the technical guidance & survey was
conducted to understand the actual status of environmental
education by taking a tour of Nguyen Trai Elementary School, amodel school of environmental education. Moreover, theparticipants visited an Assembly hall of Quan Lan Village, Phu
Lam Region and the handy craft village in Ha Dong District tounderstand the actual situation and provided technical guidanceon waste water treatment for small and medium sized employer inthe handy craft village.

■ Future development
The seminar ended with great success, and was, by and large,
considered to be favorably regarded. Also, for the question “Would
you like to cooperate with ICETT in the future” 67% of the participants
expressed their willingness to cooperate with ICETT. In the future, wewould like to actively share information with the relevant people, while
encouraging theself-help of Ha
Dong
District,which cooperated
with us in these
activities. (Sugino
and Mashita)

Technical guidance in the handy craft village

12Commissioned by Mie Prefecture

FY 2010 International Cooperation Network Building Project

Toward Building a Lasting Relationship of Cooperation— Hosting Seminars in Malaysia and Thailand —■ Introduction

discussion. That way, the topic could be explored in amethodical manner, leading to a deeper understanding.
However, there are some countries where the custom is to
give an outline of the entire seminar’s contents at the
beginning. In such countries, it is normal for people to judge
the entire seminar by its introduction and, deciding that theseminar will be of little personal interest, to leave the seminarhall. I think that this tendency is strong in Malaysia. Had we
known this beforehand, we could have changed the order ofpresentation in order to accommodate this.

ICETT was commissioned by the Prefecture of Mie to
implement a project to build an international cooperation
network. This project took advantage of networks ICETT had
already developed and aimed to create an enduring network ofwide-ranging cooperative relationships, including an economic
relationship between Mie and Asian cities where we alreadyhad an environmental foothold.

■ Seminars in Malaysia and ThailandThisfiscalyear’sproject
involvedhostingenvironment-related seminars in Malaysia and Thailand. Bothcountries have strong economic ties to Japan, and we hope for
new development in the future.

■ What Is Needed for an Enduring
Cooperative RelationshipI have already touched on the need for local familiarization inorder to build an enduring cooperative relationship. If I think
about what else is required, that something else might becontinuity.
This time around, we hosted seminars in two countries,
Malaysia and Thailand. However, this is basically just a
one-year project. If we consider what we would need in the
future to maintain a network with these two countries and todevelop an enduring cooperative relationship, we would need,for example, to send a specialist to a local seminar every year.
To recruit participating companies at local exhibitions, wewould need to exhibit every year. Our local human networks
can expand through that kind of local continuity. If we did that,wouldn’t an enduring cooperative relationship between theseplaces and Mie Prefecture form naturally? Those are theissues that have occupied my thoughts since we held thisyear’s seminars. (Sugino)

A seminar in Malaysia

The topic of the Malaysian seminar was “E-Waste.” We inviteda specialist from Mie Brother Seiki Co., Ltd. to come from Japanand introduce his own company’s efforts. The topic of the Thaiseminar was “Biomass”. These topics were chosen by examining
the situation in each country and consulting with our local
counterparts. However, these themes were chosen not just as aresult of our understanding of local present socio-environmental
situation, but also according to the conditions needed to achieve
successful international cooperation.

Postscript: A Glimpse of Southeast Asian Food
In Japan, food stalls are a place where you grab a quick
drink in the evening. However, in Southeast Asia, eating out iscommonplace from breakfast onward, and there are food stalls
everywhere. Stalls selling cooking ingredients open up anddown the street in the morning. I think this has something to dowith the liveliness of Southeast Asia. If you have the chance tovisit Southeast Asia, why not try having breakfast on the street
instead of at the hotel? It seems to me this would be one good
way to get to know the place.

■ Local Familiarization
Familiarizing oneself with a place doesn’t end with knowing
mere systematic or statistical data. One needs to understandthe lifestyle and culture of the local people — their style ofdress, food, and homes.
For example, in Malaysia, the majority of people are Malays,
Indians, and Chinese, but the sausage served in the breakfast
buffet at the hotel where the seminar was held was chicken
sausage. There was no pork bacon. This was probably out ofconcern for the Malays, who are Muslim. In addition, the local
Malaysian interpreter we hired refused to eat Chinese food.
Often, we would go to a restaurant hoping to have a beer, only
to find that many restaurants do not serve alcohol.
And then there are things like national traits andtemperaments. At a regular seminar, it would be normal to startwith general information and move on to more detailed

For breakfast today, I’m definitely having some of this! I’m starving!

13

Commissioned by Yokkaichi

The Thirtieth Anniversary of the Friendship City Affiliation
between Yokkaichi and Tianjin — The Tianjin Environmental
Protection Seminar (on Preventing Soil Contamination)
The Tianjin Environmental Protection Seminar began in fiscal 2001 to improve theenvironmental administration capabilities of the city of Tianjin, a friendship city of Yokkaichi’s, in
the People’s Republic of China. The seminar is held to explore themes such as preventing air
pollution and water contamination. In China, a country that has experienced remarkable industrial development,
soil contamination is a problem, and taking measures to solving it has become a pressing issue. In fiscal 2010,
China considered incorporating “soil contamination reform” into its twelfth five-year plan and hosted a seminarin Tianjin on the subject of preventing soil contamination.
This fiscal year marked the thirtieth anniversary of the friendship city affiliation between Yokkaichi and Tianjin.
As part of his official visit to commemorate this anniversary, the mayor of Yokkaichi participated in this seminar.

OutlineCity of Yokkaichi. This year, against the backdrop of thesecircumstances, we hosted a seminar on the topic of “preventing
soil contamination” at the multipurpose hall at the Tianjin
Environmental Protection Bureau, and 56 employees of thegovernment and companies involved in environmental efforts
participated.
2010 marked the thirtieth anniversary of The friendship city
affiliation between Yokkaichi and Tianjin (established October 28,1980). Our seminar began with Yokkaichi mayor Toshiyuki Tanaka
and Yokkaichi City Council chairman Shinji Nakamori, who wereon an official visit, in attendance, while on the Tianjin side, Li Yali,
vice-chairman of the Tianjin Municipal People's Congress, and
Yan Dingzhong, director of the Tianjin Environmental Protection
Bureau, were in attendance.
At the seminar, lectures and question-and-answer sessions
were held regarding the state of soil contamination prevention
efforts in Tianjin, steps taken by Japan against soil contamination,
the state of soil contamination in Japan as well as contamination
study and assessment methods, and restoration techniques andmeasures taken with regard to soil contamination in Japan. There
were so many questions that we ran out of time.
The main questions raised were “what methods are effective for
dealing with cadmium and mercury contamination,” “what do you
do to monitor the soil,” “how do you go about preparing to
introduce contaminated soil processing equipment to China,” and“what methods for dealing with soil contamination are available
that don’t require too much time or money.” A great deal of
discussion took place for each question, demonstrating the highlevel of interest in soil contamination reform at the seminar.
It is our prayer that we can use the opportunity afforded by thisseminar to promote measures against soil contamination in
Tianjin. (Fukushima)

Official introduction by the director of the Tianjin
Environmental Protection Bureau

Enthusiastic attendance by participants

The Tianjin Environmental Protection Seminar was held forthree days, from October 27 to 29, 2010, on the topic of“preventing soil contamination,” taking place in Tianjin andsponsored by Yokkaichi.
The city of Tianjin is located in northeastern China and is one of
the country’s four direct-controlled municipalities (equivalent to a
province or autonomous region) along with Beijing, Shanghai, andChongqing. Tianjin has experienced continuous annual growth
rates of over 10% for several years, and at the same time has
focused efforts on environmental conservation, so that in 2006, it
was designated National Model Cities at Environmental
Protection.
In this midst of this, there has been a pressing need in recent
years to deal with soil contamination, both in Tianjin and in China,
and the Central Committee of the Communist Party plans to add“soil contamination reform” to its twelfth five-year plan in 2011.
Every year since 2001, ICETT has implemented the Tianjin
Environmental Protection Seminar as a project sponsored by the

A lecture given by a Yokkaichi city employee

14

■ Tianjin Environmental Protection Seminar Themes

Seminar Topics(1) 2001: Environmental Management Systems

A ceremony to celebrate the thirtieth anniversary of
the friendship city affiliation between Yokkaichi and
Tianjin was held on the evening of October 28 at the
Tianjin State Guesthouse, and many employees of the
Tianjin Environmental Protection Bureau were invited.
Most of them had received lectures from ICETT on
environmental-related human resources training*, andwe were pleasantly welcomed. We could sense once
more the depth of the environmental dialogue between
Yokkaichi and Tianjin.

(2) 2002: Techniques for Preventing Air Pollution(3) 2003: Toward Creating a Recycling-Oriented
Society and a Sustainable City(4) 2004: Promoting and Spreading Environmental
Education(5) 2005: Industrial Wastewater Management andTechniques for Preventing Water Contamination(6) 2006: Household Wastewater Treatment Policies
and Effectively Utilizing Treated Water*From 1993 onward, ICETT has been commissioned by theCity of Yokkaichi to accept participants for Tianjin’s humanresources training. In 2010, our fifteenth year doing this, wehave a total of 101 participants.

(7) 2007: Steps to Maintaining Water Quality in Enclosed
Water Areas (Water Quality Volume Regulations)(8) 2008: Management Steps for Reducing SO2(9) 2009: Steps for Preventing NOx Pollution(10) 2010: Preventing Soil Contamination

Commemoration ceremony introduction by the mayor of Tianjin

ICETT exhibited at the Interactive Fair
for Biodiversity (COP 10).
interest to our explanation regarding our novelty items (paper
eco-chopsticks).
In addition, we were also asked various questions bypeople interested in the activities of our group, and we
received words of encouragement. That week really mademe feel the importance of continuing to participate in thesekinds of exhibitions andevents, and conducting
activities
toshareinformation and educate.
(Onuma)We had our own exhibitors’ booth at the Expo Zone in the
Shiratori Park in Nagoya for one week, from October 23 to29.
Our booth location was at the edge of the zone, so wewere worried about how many visitors we would get, but an
estimated 1,000 visitors or so came by. On the opening dayof the 23rd in particular, our questionnaire response alonecame to 300 people because of the nice weather. Over thecourse of that week, more than 800 people responded to ourquestionnaire.
The feel we got from exhibition visitors was that few
people came with their families, and a lot of the visitors were
elderly. As might be expected, compared to other events, we
had lots of environmental specialists and students studying
in environment-related fields. Foreign visitors also seemedinterested.
Overall, we were impressed at how many people weregreatly interested in the environment, listened intently to the
explanations given by our group, and also listened withThe ICETT Booth

15