BOG 2: Uncertainties, QA/QC,Verification, Precursors and Indirect
EmissionsFinal Plenary
Comments in red were added based on plenary
discussion.

Issue #3:Refinement of guidance on uncertainty
based on the latest scientific knowledge andsimplification of guidance by providing moredefault values, calculation examples and bestpractices

Uncertainty

 What is the refinement?

• Incorporation of methodological development and/or casestudies on issues, such as spatial variability, regional
upscaling, correlation/autocorrelation, resamplingtechniques, addressing representativeness of data, trend
analysis, population vs. mean variance• Over 50 relevant articles based on a brief search of the literature
published since 2006, and over 10 years of reporting by parties
to the UNFCCC• Literature may be useful for general guidance that cansupplement the existing methods (Should not be a scientificreview of the methods, however).

Uncertainty

 What is the refinement?

• Provide additional simplified explanation ofprocedures with case studies and decision trees• Expand good practice for Monte Carlo simulations• More direction but not be overly prescriptive• Discuss how to use uncertainty as a way toimprove the inventory development• Focusing effort on large sources of uncertainty or
reducing model complexity• e.g., Simple decision tree

Uncertainty

 What is the refinement?

• How to propagate uncertainty when applying
Approach 1 for some sources and Approach 2 forothers?
• Address large percentage uncertainties when using
Rule B• Include guiding principles for conducting anuncertainty analysis• Note: May need to address specific issues on
uncertainty analysis in the sectoral sections of areport, technical bulletin, etc.

Uncertainty
 Is the science available for the refinement?
• Yes

 What is the priority level?

• Update guidance, High priority• Not major changes to the existing guidance Suggested way of refinement?

• Methodology Report (Volume 1, Chapter 3)

Issue #5: Addition of examples of tools that could
be useful for the purposes of QA/QC, verification
or validation

Tools for QA/QC and Verification
 What is the refinement?

• Guidance on visualization options for quality control,
such as tracking processes and flows using Sankey
Diagrams, particularly for sectors and sources that arehighly interlinked• Visualization of time series with graphs to identify
errors, i.e., outliers• Provide case study examples of QA tools• FAO tools for AFOLU emissions• UK government tool for QA of spreadsheets and databases

Tools for QA/QC and Verification
 Is the science/information available for therefinement?
• Yes

 What is the priority level?
• Medium Suggested way of refinement?
• Technical Bulletin and/or FAQ

Issue #6: Development or improvement ofguidance on the verification using other estimation
results like FAOSTAT emissions database andGHG concentration in atmosphere by satellite
observation (remote sensing data)

Verification

 What is the refinement?

• Verification section is outdated in the 2006 IPCC GL• Discuss various ways to verify emission estimatesin the context of the latest science with caseexamples• Atmospheric concentration data
• Independent monitoring of carbon stocks and fluxes• Other approaches• Not developing detailed methods, but reference moredetailed guidance material that has been publishedelsewhere

Verification
 What is the refinement?

• Discuss other uses of these data

• Direct emission measurements to prepare better
emission factors• Additional data to improve the inventory• Note: May need some follow-up in the sectoral
guidance about the use of atmospheric data andother data

Verification
 Is the science/information available for therefinement?
• Yes

 What is the priority level?
• High (Update guidance) Suggested way of refinement?
• Methodology Report (Section 6.10.2)

Issue #7: Clearer guidance for the calculation ofindirect CO2 emissions

Precursors and Indirect emissions
 What is the refinement?

• Provide clarity about estimation of the indirect
CO2 emissions across sectors that are nototherwise counted• Elaborate box 7.2• Clarify if the adopted GWPs include the indirect CO2emissions• Clarify definition for “indirect” emissions in theguidelines (e.g., AFOLU vs. Waste)• Also other terms such as offsite emissions

Precursors and Indirect emissions
 Is the science/information available for therefinement?
• Yes

 What is the priority level?
• Medium Suggested way of refinement?

• Methodology Report (Chapter 7, Box 7.2)