2023川9/1

Date of submission:

1 2 3

Department of Architecture 帥d

Civil Engineering

StudentlD NumbeTD209502

JunichlroAsano

Hiroyukishibusawa
Nao sU牙iki

SupeYvisors
PP11Carlfs name

MohammadRaminAmiryar(Doctor)

Abstract

A study on ul'ban Gro、 th lssues and Future perspective 介om the viewpoint of lnauencing
Title ofしivinσ Health Envil'om]1ent in planned Residential Neighborhoods ofKabul city

Thesisカブール市の計画近隣住区における居住衛生環境への影響から見た都市発展の課題と将来展望に関する研究

Approx.80o words

Kabulis Afghanistan's capital and most populous city. F0110、ving stabiHty in 2001, marly people retumed
to the country and settled in major cities. Because ofthe abundance ofoppoHunities,includingjobs, housing,and security,the capital city wasthe first choice forretumees. FUHhermore, many intemaⅡy displaced people
relocatedto Kabul dueto declining income and propedy values. Kabul city was not prepared to acceptsuch aIarge inaux into urbatl areas. As the urban population grows, so does the demand for housing,infrastructure,and services. unfortunately, this has resulted in the proliferation ofinformal and i11egal structures throughout

the city. Despite the fact that planned residential neighborhoods make up a smaⅡ Podion ofthe urban area,
rapid urbanization has contributed to signiflcanttransformation in Kabul city. Therefore,the study exatnined
the level oftransfomlation and its inauential factors.

To conduct this study various data c0Ⅱection methods 、vere canied out throU8h case studies in three
districts of Kabul city. study areas were visited to examine physical features by taking photographs arld
measuring.1n addition, aerial photography is also used for historical differentiation. ourtargeted respondents
included residents, monitoring of6Cers, experts arld policymakers, and Engineers' Associations. TOUnderstal)d Kabul ciw better, a detailed explanation iS 即Ven regarding its historical developments.
Meanwhile,the city'S population groMh and expansion are described based on master plans. Then,the study
focused on urban areas including planned residential neighborhoods and infonnalsettlements、 1n Kabul city,formal govemmental approaches are notthe only ones used. However,itis also accompanied by a customaryOr traditional system of local gover1血ent. As the two systems coincide with each other, actors andStakeholders react based on their own approaches. As a result,the study also focused on approaches based on
C011aboration and parriCゆation levels.

In the study,the main focus is on transformation,its causes, and how to prevent 北 in a planned residential
neighborhood. Therefore,the structure and crucial components such as community centers, houses, greenery,and streets are evaluated. community centers dosed down, and others ch即ged their missions. The cul de sac
Street mode is lost due to conversion to directtraffic aow streets. The green strips that served as a playgroundfor children and women were tumed into bare land. Rapid urbanization, on the other hand, affected houses.

Many ofthese houses are the result oftyp010gicaltransformation. ApaHment buildings bring a slew ofissues,both social and environmental. These issues indude constant shado、N existence, ventilation, increase inenergy consumption, air p011Ution, sound p011Ution,1ack of natura11ight, indoor and outdoor activities, andPnvacy.

The study atrempted to determine the cause of such transformations, padicularly in planned residential
neighborhoods. we discovered thatthe transf0血ation ofhouses, community centers, and the entire structure
Of planned residential neighborhoods is motivated by a variety offactors. one ofthe primary reasons 、Nas aaaw in the monitoring mechanisms. KabulMunicipaliw has extremely few monitoring of6Cersto inspect andthe m勾ority ofconstruction activities are le介、vithout monitoring. They monitor construction activities using
Outdated and ineffective techn010gies. Residents 、Nere always left out of the planning process. As a result,residents' a、vareness of laws and regulations diminished. Alon8 With the monitoring mechanism, there werenumerous otherissues associated withthe housing廿ansformation. These issues included mismanagement,theIengthy construction permit process, and a lack of coordination bet、veen internal atld external organizations.
Due to limited capacity, this study focuses solely on monitoring mechanisms, whose improvementindirectlyimproves other issues.

As a result, we examined the current monitoring system a11d proposed a more comprehensive one. Many
Stakeholders, including resident coundls and engineers' associations, are involved in the novel monitoringmechanism. The Engineers Association would serve as a bridge between the municipaliw and residents andinform KM aboutthe area's situation and society's needs. onthe other hand,these organizations are kept up todate on policies and politicalissues that affect 血e public. As a result ofthese c011aborations, the relationshゆbet、veen KM and residents strengthens in unprecedented 、vays. Engineering associations serve as catalysts foractivities and bring together KM and residents. By a110wing residents to make decisions that a丘ect their
quality oflife and health, KM builds trust a11d credibility with them. As a result ofresidents'inclusion in theSystem, KM shares responsibilities with them and receives their cooperation. Engineering associations caneducate residents aboutthe rules and regulations, the importance oftheir inclusion in the system, and the role
they can play at an early stage. As a professional association, they can also train in monitoring andConstruction management technjques. They assist KM by carefUⅡy reviewing construction activities andensuring that permits issued conespond to improved plans. As a result, KM and resident unity establishedreciprocity coordination,、¥ith Engineers' Associations fi11ing the gaps. Fina11y, based on the foregoin8
Considerations, a robust controlsystem achieves the highest success rate in reducing housing transformationand development regulations violations、