Overview- Instrumentation- Material- Calibration Examples- Prospects

Institute for Grassland and Forage Research (FAL)
Bundesallee 50, D - 38116 Braunschweig, Germany

2Rode / GFF

Instrumentation

Institute for Grassland and Forage Research (FAL)
Bundesallee 50, D - 38116 Braunschweig, Germany

3Rode / GFFNIRSystems 6500
- Diffuse Reflectance /(Transmittance)- Wavelength range:
400 - 2500 nm- Scans per second:
1 Scan- Resolution:
2 nm- Wavelength accuracy:+/- 0,5 nm
Institute for Grassland and Forage Research (FAL)
Bundesallee 50, D - 38116 Braunschweig, Germany4Rode / GFF

Infratec Meat Analyzer- Transmittance- Wavelength range:
850 - 1050 nm- Scans per second:
1 Scan- Resolution:
2 nm

Institute for Grassland and Forage Research (FAL)
Bundesallee 50, D - 38116 Braunschweig, Germany

5Rode / GFF

Zeiss MMS-NIR 1.7- Diffuse Reflectance /(Transmittance)- Wavelength range:
945 - 1700 nm- Scans per second:
100 Scans- Resolution:
6 nm- Wavelength accuracy:+/- 0,6 nm
Institute for Grassland and Forage Research (FAL)
Bundesallee 50, D - 38116 Braunschweig, Germany

6Rode / GFF

Instruments / Sampling methods
DiffuseTransmission

Diffuse
Reflection

L igh t so u rce

Transflection withLightfibre
L igh tfib re

D e te cto r

C ons tructionprinciple

Sa m p le headS a m p leD etector:
λ - R ang e (n m) :Si
800 -1 050

Si + P bS
400 -2500

A rea(cm ²) :S can s / sec:

3~15~1

Institute for Grassland and Forage Research (FAL)
Bundesallee 50, D - 38116 Braunschweig, Germany

InGa As
90 0-170 0(900-2 500)
5~ 1007Rode / GFF

Material

Institute for Grassland and Forage Research (FAL)
Bundesallee 50, D - 38116 Braunschweig, Germany

8Rode / GFF

Grasses and Legumes- Grasses-Lolium perenne
Lolium multiflorumDactylis glomerata
Festuca arundinacea- Legumes-Trifolium repens
Trifolium pratense
Medicago sativa
Lotus corniculatus
Galega orientalis

Institute for Grassland and Forage Research (FAL)
Bundesallee 50, D - 38116 Braunschweig, Germany

9Rode / GFF

Calibration Examples

Institute for Grassland and Forage Research (FAL)
Bundesallee 50, D - 38116 Braunschweig, Germany

10
Rode / GFF

Spectral Differences between Dry andFresh Grass Samples
1,4

A b so r p tio n (L o g 1 /R)

1,2fres h g ras s
1,00,80,60,40,2
dr y g ra ss
0,0
11 00

13 00

15 00

17 00

19 00

21 00

23 00

25 00

W a v e le n g th (n m )Institute for Grassland and Forage Research (FAL)
Bundesallee 50, D - 38116 Braunschweig, Germany

11Rode / GFF

Difference Spectrum of Fresh
vs. Dry Grass
1,6A b s o r p tio n (L o g 1 /R )

1,4

1,21
F re sh0,8DryD if fer en ce

0,60,40,20
1 10 01 30 0

1 500

1 700

19 0021 00

230 0

250 0

W a ve le n g th (n m )Institute for Grassland and Forage Research (FAL)
Bundesallee 50, D - 38116 Braunschweig, Germany

12
Rode / GFF

Chemometric Software- WinISI II V1.0
- Global Calibrations- Regression types- Partial Least Squares (PLS)- Principle Component (PCR)- Step-up- Modified Stepwise (MSR)- Cross Validation- Local Calibrations- Neural Networks
Institute for Grassland and Forage Research (FAL)
Bundesallee 50, D - 38116 Braunschweig, Germany

13
Rode / GFFExamples of Calibrations for Fresh andDry Grasses (NIRSystems and ZEISS)- Calibrations on the NIRSystems 6500
- Calibration Results with Fresh Forages- Comparison of Calibrations with Dry Samples onNIRSystems 6500 vs. ZEISS MMS-NIR 1.7- Calibrating the portable ZEISS MMS-NIR 1.7- Regression Analysis of NIR Absorption vs. Dry
Matter Concentration in Fresh Grass onNIRSystems 6500 vs. ZEISS MMS-NIR 1.7

Institute for Grassland and Forage Research (FAL)
Bundesallee 50, D - 38116 Braunschweig, Germany

14Rode / GFF

Selection of Fresh Forage Calibrations
on the NIRSystems 6500: Results- Dry Matter DM %- Standard Error (SE): 1,13
- R2: 0,99

- Crude Protein CP (% of DM)- SE: 1,56
- R2: 0,92

- Water Soluble Carbohydrates WSC (% of DM)- SE: 0,88
- R2: 0,94
Institute for Grassland and Forage Research (FAL)
Bundesallee 50, D - 38116 Braunschweig, Germany

15
Rode / GFF

Dry Matter Calibration of Fresh Forages(NIRSystems 6500)
60

D M % (p re d ic te d )504030201000102030405060

D M % (L ab )Institute for Grassland and Forage Research (FAL)
Bundesallee 50, D - 38116 Braunschweig, Germany

16
Rode / GFF

Protein Calibration of Fresh Forages(NIRSystems 6500)
30C P % (pr ed ic ted )2520151050051015202530C P % (La b )Institute for Grassland and Forage Research (FAL)
Bundesallee 50, D - 38116 Braunschweig, Germany

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Rode / GFF

Carbohydrate Calibration of FreshForages (NIRSystems 6500)
2018

W S C % (p r ed ic ted )161412108642005101520

W SC % (L a b )Institute for Grassland and Forage Research (FAL)
Bundesallee 50, D - 38116 Braunschweig, Germany

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Rode / GFFCalibration Comparison of Dry Samples
on the NIRSystems and the ZEISS
Equalized Wavelength Range
958-1678 nm

NIRSystem s 6500

ZE ISS M M S-N IR

Constituentn (6500/M MS)

Range (% )Term sSE

Term sSEDry Matter

94 / 97

93,8 - 98,7

50,43

70,46

Crude Protein

92 / 94

8,7 - 23,780,52

80,57

Crude Ash

65 / 64

7,6 - 12,660,61

50,67

Crude Fibre

94 / 94

16,7 - 34,1

80,99

81,22W SC

194 / 193

3,3 - 15,5120,63

100,87EULOS

93 / 93

116,5 - 388,3815,99

819,21

Institute for Grassland and Forage Research (FAL)
Bundesallee 50, D - 38116 Braunschweig, Germany

19Rode / GFF

Spectra of Fresh Grass with Different
Dry Matter on the NIRSystems 6500
1,0
fre sh gr as s
0,9A b so r p tio n (L o g 1 /R)

0,80,70,60,50,4
dry g ras s

0,30,20,1960

104 0

11 20

12 00

1 28 01 36 0

14 40

15 20

1 600

1 68 0W a v e le n g th (n m )Institute for Grassland and Forage Research (FAL)
Bundesallee 50, D - 38116 Braunschweig, Germany20Rode / GFF

Spectra of Fresh Grass with Different
Dry Matter on the ZEISS MMS-NIR 1.70,7f res h gra ss

A b so r p tio n (L o g 1 /R)

0,60,50,40,30,20,1d ry gra ss
0,0
96 0

1 02 8

1 101

11 73

124 5

1 31 8

1 390

14 62

15 34

1 60 7

1 67 9W a v e le n g th (n m )Institute for Grassland and Forage Research (FAL)
Bundesallee 50, D - 38116 Braunschweig, Germany

21Rode / GFF

Dry Matter 1 - Term - Regression(NIRSystems 6500)
W av e le n g th : 1 5 82 n m9080

D M % (p re d ic te d )7060504030201000102030405060708090

D M % (L ab )Institute for Grassland and Forage Research (FAL)
Bundesallee 50, D - 38116 Braunschweig, Germany

22Rode / GFF

Dry Matter 1 - Term - Regression(ZEISS MMS-NIR 1.7)
W av e le n g th : 1 5 58 n m9080

D M % (p re d ic te d )7060504030201000102030405060708090

D M % (L ab )Institute for Grassland and Forage Research (FAL)
Bundesallee 50, D - 38116 Braunschweig, Germany

23
Rode / GFF

Prospects

Institute for Grassland and Forage Research (FAL)
Bundesallee 50, D - 38116 Braunschweig, Germany

24
Rode / GFF

Measurement and Data Handling- Construction of Instruments- Modular Construction- Portability / Ruggedness- Miniaturization- Data Point Standardization- Sample Presentation- in line / on line
- Reflectance / Transmittance- Size of Measurement Area
Institute for Grassland and Forage Research (FAL)
Bundesallee 50, D - 38116 Braunschweig, Germany

25
Rode / GFF

Measurement and Data Handling- Standard Data Format- Transferability of Spectra- Identification Routines- Quantification Routines

Institute for Grassland and Forage Research (FAL)
Bundesallee 50, D - 38116 Braunschweig, Germany

26
Rode / GFF