ㄽᩥ                                   Ἑᕝᢏ⾡ㄽᩥ㞟➨ᕳᖺ᭶ᕸ┠ࢲ࣒ୖὶ࡟࠾ࡅࡿࣁ࢖ࢻࣟࣇ࢛ࣥほ ࡟ࡼࡿὶ◁ࡢὥỈᒚṔࡢ᳨ウSTUDY ON HYSTERESIS EFFECTS OF FLOODS ON BEDLOAD TRANSPORTWITH A PIPE HYDROPHONE IN UPSTREAM OF NUNOME-DAM
෠㜰࿴⚽࣭ᒣᓮ཭ஓ࣭⡿⏣᱁࣭ᑠᯘⲡᖹ࣭➉㛛ᗣᘯ࣭ゅဴஓ࣭ሐ኱୕Kazuhide TOMISAKA, Tomoya YAMAZAKI, Itaru YONEDA, Sohei KOBAYASHI, Yasuhiro
TAKEMON, Tetsuya SUMI, Daizo TSUTSUMI㻌㠀఍ဨ ி኱㜵⅏◊✲ᡤᢏ⾡ᐊ㸦ࠛி㒔ᗓᏱ἞ᕷ஬ࣨᗉ㸧㠀఍ဨ ி኱㜵⅏◊✲ᡤᢏ⾡ᐊ㸦ࠛி㒔ᗓᏱ἞ᕷ஬ࣨᗉ㸧㠀఍ဨ ி኱㜵⅏◊✲ᡤᢏ⾡ᐊ㸦ࠛ኱㜰ᗓ㧗ᵳᕷዉబཎ㸧㠀఍ဨ ㎰༤ ி኱㜵⅏◊✲ᡤỈ㈨※⎔ቃ◊✲ࢭࣥࢱ࣮㸦ࠛி㒔ᗓᏱ἞ᕷ஬ࣨᗉ㸧ṇ఍ဨ ㎰༤ ி኱㜵⅏◊✲ᡤỈ㈨※⎔ቃ◊✲ࢭࣥࢱ࣮෸ᩍᤵ㸦ࠛி㒔ᗓᏱ἞ᕷ஬ࣨᗉ㸧ṇ఍ဨ ᕤ༤ ி኱㜵⅏◊✲ᡤỈ㈨※⎔ቃ◊✲ࢭࣥࢱ࣮ᩍᤵ㸦ࠛி㒔ᗓᏱ἞ᕷ஬ࣨᗉ㸧ṇ఍ဨ ᕤ༤ ி኱㜵⅏◊✲ᡤὶᇦ⅏ᐖ◊✲ࢭࣥࢱ࣮෸ᩍᤵ㸦ࠛᒱ㜧┴㧗ᒣᕷዟ㣕㦌 Ἠ㒓୰ᑿ㸧

We installed a pipe hydrophone and monitored bedload transport for 3 years at an upstream site of the Nunome
Dam in Nara Prefecture. A few dozen times of flood events were observed each year including large-scale floods,
such as the typhoon No.18 last year. The hysteresis curve between discharge and bedload was examined bycomparing bedload transport between rising and receding phases in each flood event. The curve of each eventchanged according to the previous occurrence of large flood. Bedload at given discharge was almost equal between
rising and receding phases for small floods, while that of receding phases increased for a large flood, and that ofrising phases increased for a few subsequent smaller floods. Bedload is likely to increase temporally after a sedimentsupply from banks and tributaries occurring during large floods.
Key Words : pipe hydrophone, bedload, flood events, rising and receding phases,
hysteresis curve, sediment supply㸯㸬ࡣࡌࡵ࡟ ࢲ࣒㈓Ỉụ࡬ὶධࡍࡿᅵ◁ࡣ㸪ᒣᆅࡢᅵ◁⏕⏘※࠿ࡽ῱ὶ◁㜵ᇦ㸪Ἑᕝᇦࢆᚓ࡚㐠ࡤࢀࡿ㸬ࢲ࣒࡬ὶධࡍࡿᅵ◁࡟ࡼࡿሁ◁㔞ࡣ㸪ᖺ࡟୍ᗘ㸪㈓Ỉụෆࡢ῝ὸ 㔞࡟ᇶ࡙࠸࡚ㄪ࡭ࡽࢀ㸪῱ὶ◁㜵ᇦ࡟࠾࠸࡚ࡣᅵ◁⅏ᐖࡢ㜵Ṇ࣭㍍ῶࢆ┠ⓗ࡜ࡋࡓὶ◁㔞ࡢᢕᥱࡢࡓࡵࡢほ ࡀ⾜ࢃࢀ࡚࠸ࡿ㸬୍᪉࡛㸪ᒣᆅ࠿ࡽࢲ࣒࡬࡜⧅ࡀࡿᅵ◁⛣ືࡢ㐣⛬࡟࠾࠸࡚㸪Ἑᕝࡀྜὶࡍࡿ୰ୗὶᇦ࡛ࡣὶ◁㔞ᘧࢆ⏝࠸ࡓᅵ◁⛣ື㔞ࡢ᥎ᐃࢆ⾜ࡗ࡚࠸ࡿࡀ㸪ᐃ㔞ⓗ࡞ほࢆᐇ᪋ࡋࡓࡾ㸪▷ᮇⓗ࡞ฟỈつᶍ࡟క࠺ὶ◁ືែࢆᢕᥱࡋ࡚࠸ࡿ౛ࡣᑡ࡞࠸㸬ᅵ◁⏕⏘※࡟㏆࠸◁㜵Ἑᕝ࡛ࡣ㸪ὶ◁㔞ࡢ㛫᥋ⓗ࡞ほᡭἲ࡜ࡋ࡚㸪ࣁ࢖ࢻࣟࣇ࢛ࣥࢆ⏝࠸ࡓほ ࡀ㏆ᖺቑ࠼ࡘࡘ࠶ࡿ1),2)㸬ࣁ࢖ࢻࣟࣇ࢛ࣥ࡜ࡣ┤ᚄ⣙5cmࡢ㔠ᒓ⟶ෆ࡟࣐࢖ࢡࣟࣇ࢛ࣥࢆෆⶶࡋ㸪Ἑᗋ࡟ᅛᐃࡋ࡚ὶ◁ࡀ㔠ᒓ⟶࡟⾪✺ࡍࡿ㡢ࢆᣠ࠸㸪⾪✺ࡋࡓᅇᩘࢆࣃࣝࢫᩘ࡜ࡋ࡚࢝࢘ࣥࢺࡍࡿࡇ࡜࡛ὶ◁㔞ࡢ┦ᑐⓗ࡞኱ᑠࢆ▱ࡿࡇ࡜ࡀ࡛ࡁࡿィ ⿦⨨࡛࠶ࡿ㸬ⴭ⪅ࡽࡣዉⰋ┴ࡢᮌὠᕝୖὶࡢᕸ┠ࢲ࣒ࡢὶධἙᕝᆅ
Ⅼ࡟࠾࠸࡚㈓Ỉụ࡬ࡢᅵ◁ὶධ㔞ࢆᢕᥱࡍࡿࡓࡵ㸪ࣁ࢖ࢻࣟࣇ࢛ࣥ࡟ࡼࡿ㐃⥆ほ ࢆ2011ᖺ4᭶࠿ࡽᐇ᪋ࡋ࡚࠸ࡿ3)㸬ࡑࡢ㛫࡟ᅵ◁ᢞධᐇ㦂ࢆᩘᅇᐇ᪋ࡋ㸪ࣁ࢖ࢻࣟࣇ࢛ࣥࡀ᳨▱ࡍࡿὶ◁ࡢᚄࡀ୺࡟2mm௨ୖ࡛࠶ࡿࡇ࡜ࢆ᫂ࡽ࠿࡟ࡋ㸪ᅵ◁㔞ࡢ᳨㔞⥺ࢆ⟇ᐃࡋࡓ㸬ࡇࡢ᳨㔞⥺࠿ࡽ⟬ฟࡋࡓ㸪ࢲ࣒㈓Ỉụ࡬ࡢᅵ◁ὶධ㔞ࡢ᥎ᐃ್ࡀࢲ࣒ࡢᖺ㛫ሁ◁㔞࡜ᴫࡡ୍⮴ࡍࡿࡇ࡜ࢆ♧ࡋࡓ㸬ࡲࡓ㸪ฟỈ࡟ࡼࡿὶ◁㔞ࡣὶ㔞࡜῝࠸㛵ಀ࡟࠶ࡿࡇ࡜ࢆ♧ࡋࡓ3)㸬 ᮏ◊✲࡛ࡣほ 㛤ጞ࠿ࡽ⣙3ᖺ㛫࡟Ⓨ⏕ࡋࡓฟỈࡢ࢖- 43 -SBD u p16 u10 6 u E y L u WᓠᑎỈ఩ほ ᡤ㻌䝝䜲䝗䝻䝣䜷䞁㻌 ὶᇦ㻌ᅗ ほ ᆅⅬࡢ఩⨨࡜෗┿
100ಸࣃࣝࢫ

60


40
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20
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000.5
1
80

\ [5t 1.52
ࣃࣝࢫᩘ㸦pulse/s㸧

2.5ᅗಸࣃࣝࢫ࡜ᅵ◁㔞ࡢ᳨㔞⥺
0.004

00.003

ቑỈᮇ

0.002

100
ὶ◁㔞

0.001

150

ὶ㔞

00:00
2013/9/15(1) 50ῶỈᮇ

ὶ㔞(m3/s) ࣁ࢖ࢻࣟࣇ࢛ࣥࡢタ⨨࡜ほ  ᕸ┠ࢲ࣒࡟ࡣỈ㉁ᨵၿ⏝ࡢ๪ࢲ࣒ࡀタ⨨ࡉࢀ࡚࠾ࡾ㸪ࡇࡢ⣙1kmୖὶ࡟఩⨨ࡍࡿᓠᑎỈ఩ほ ᡤᆅⅬ㸦௨ᚋ㸪ᓠᑎ㸧ࢆほ ᑐ㇟࡜ࡋࡓ㸦ᅗ㸧㸬ᓠᑎࡢᶆ㧗ࡣ⣙300m㸪
ὶᇦ㠃✚ࡣ50.92km2㸪Ἑᗋ໙㓄ࡣ⣙1/100࡛㸪ᕝᗏࡣẚ㍑ⓗᖹᆠ࡛ᕝᖜࡀ18.3m㸪୧ᓊࡣㆤᓊ࡛࡯ࡰᆶ┤࡛࠶ࡿ㸬௦⾲ⓗ࡞ὶ◁㔞ࢆィ ࡛ࡁࡿὶ㊰ࡢ࡯ࡰ୰ኸ࡟㸪ࣁ࢖ࢻࣟࣇ࢛ࣥࡢࢭࣥࢧ࣮⟶㸦ࢫࢸࣥࣞࢫ〇㸪ᚄ48mm㸪㛗ࡉ
2.25m㸧ࢆ㸪ὶ㊰࡟ᑐࡋᶓྥࡁ࡟㸪⟶ᚄࡢ༙ศࢆ㟢ฟࡉࡏࡓ≧ែ࡛Ἑᗋ࡟ᅛᐃࡋࡓ㸬ࣁ࢖ࢻࣟࣇ࢛ࣥࡣ㸪࢘ࣞࢱࣥᮦ࡛⿬ᡴࡕࡋࡓ⟶ෆ࡟Ỉ୰࣐࢖ࢡࣟࣇ࢛ࣥࢆྲྀࡾ௜ࡅࡓ
ࢭࣥࢧ࣮㒊㸪⾪✺㡢ࡢ㟁Ẽಙྕࢆቑᖜࡍࡿ࢔ࣥࣉ㒊㸪ࣂࣥࢻࣃࢫࣇ࢕ࣝࢱ࡛≉ᐃ࿘Ἴࢆᢳฟࡋࣃࣝࢫࡸ㟁ᅽ್ࢆ཰㘓ࡍࡿ࣮ࣟ࢞㒊࡟ࡼࡗ࡚ᵓᡂࡉࢀࡿ㸬⢏Ꮚࡢ⾪✺࡟ࡼࡾⓎ⏕ࡋࡓ㟁ᅽ㸦㡢ᅽ㸸mV㸧࡜㸪㟁ᅽࡢ኱ࡁࡉࡀ㜈್ࢆ㉺࠼ࡓᅇᩘ㸦ࣃࣝࢫᩘ㸧ࡀグ㘓ࡉࢀࡿ㸬ᚋ⪅ࡣ6✀ࡢಸ⋡㸦2㸪4㸪16㸪64㸪256㸪1024ಸ㸧࡟ቑᖜࡉࢀ㸪ࡑࢀࡒࢀ࡛
ࣃࣝࢫᩘࡀグ㘓ࡉࢀࡿ㸬 ὶ◁㔞ࡢィ⟬ ᮏ◊✲࡛ࡣ㸪⌧ᆅ࡛ࡢᅵ◁ᢞධᐇ㦂ࡢ⤖ᯝ3)࠿ࡽ㸪ᅇᖐỴᐃಀᩘࡢ᭱ࡶ㧗࠿ࡗࡓቑᖜ⋡16ಸࣃࣝࢫ࡛┤⥺ᅇᖐ㸦ษ∦0㸧ࡋࡓࡶࡢࢆ᳨㔞⥺࡜ࡋ࡚⏝࠸㸪ᕝᖜ࡟᥮⟬ࡋࡓὶ◁㔞㸦య✚㸧ࢆ⟬ฟࡍࡿ㸦ᅗ㸧㸬ࡍ࡞ࢃࡕᓠᑎ࡛ࡢ༢఩᫬㛫࠶ࡓࡾࡢὶ◁㔞ࢆSB (m3/s)࡜ࡍࡿ࡜㸪ḟᘧ  ࡼࡾồࡵࡽࢀࡿ㸬ᅵ◁㔞㸦cc/s㸧㸰㸬ㄪᰝ᪉ἲN㻌ᕸ┠䝎䝮㻌 ๪䝎䝮㻌
 ᓠᑎ
 㻌

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5km㻌
 ᕸ┠ᕝ㻌

ὶ◁㔞(m3/s)࣋ࣥࢺࡈ࡜࡟Ⓨ⏕ࡍࡿὶ◁㔞࡟╔┠ࡋ㸪ὶ◁㔞࡜ὶ㔞ࡢ㛵ಀ㸪ᖺ㛫ࢆ㏻ࡋ࡚ぢࡓ᫬ࡢὶ◁㔞ࡢኚື㸪኱ࡁ࡞ฟỈ๓ᚋࡢኚ໬≉ᛶ࡞࡝ࢆᢕᥱࡍࡿࡇ࡜ࢆ┠ⓗ࡜ࡋ࡚㸪ᕸ┠ᕝ࡟࠾ࡅࡿὶ◁ືែࡢ≉ᚩࢆ⪃ᐹࡋࡓ㸬


200
0:00
9/16

0:00
9/17

0:00
9/18

ᅗ ฟỈ࢖࣋ࣥࢺࡢ౛㸦2013ᖺ9᭶15᪥㸫17᪥㸧ࡇࡇ࡛Įࡣᅇᖐಀᩘ㸦45.84㸧㸪p16ࡣィ ್㸦16ಸࡢࣃࣝ
ࢫᩘࢆ༢఩᫬㛫࠶ࡓࡾ࡟᥮⟬㸧㸪ȕࡣᅵ◁࡟ྵࡲࢀࡿ2mm
௨ୖࡢ⢏Ꮚࡢ๭ྜ㸦0.7㸧㸪Lࡣࣁ࢖ࢻࣟࣇ࢛ࣥ㛗㸦2.25m㸧㸪
Wࡣ⌧ᆅࡢᕝᖜ㸦18.3m㸧࡛࠶ࡿ㸬 ฟỈ࢖࣋ࣥࢺࡢᐃ⩏
ほ グ㘓࠿ࡽ16ಸࣃࣝࢫ࡟཯ᛂࡀぢࡽࢀࡿࡢࡣ㸪ὶ㔞ࡀ⣙2m3/s௨ୖࡢ᫬࡛࠶ࡗࡓ㸬ᮏ◊✲࡛ࡣ㸪୍ᐃ㔞௨ୖࡢᅵ◁㔞ࢆ㆟ㄽࡍࡿࡓࡵ࡟ࣆ࣮ࢡ᫬ࡢὶ㔞ࡀ5m3/s௨ୖࢆグ㘓ࡋࡓࡶࡢࢆฟỈ࢖࣋ࣥࢺ࡜ᐃ⩏ࡋ㸪࢖࣋ࣥࢺࡢ⠊ᅖ
ࢆ16ಸࣃࣝࢫࡢ཯ᛂ㛤ጞ᫬࠿ࡽ⤊஢᫬ࡲ࡛࡜ࡋࡓ㸬ࡲࡓ㸪ᕸ┠ᕝ࡟࠾ࡅࡿὶ◁ືែࡢ≉ᚩࢆ᳨ウࡍࡿࡓࡵ㸪ฟỈ࢖࣋ࣥࢺ࡟࠾࠸࡚ὶ㔞ࡀࣆ࣮ࢡ࡟㐩ࡍࡿࡲ࡛ࢆቑỈᮇ㸪ࣆ࣮ࢡᚋࢆῶỈᮇ࡜ࡋ࡚㆟ㄽࡍࡿ㸦ᅗ㸧㸬  ↓ḟඖᤲὶຊ࡜↓ḟඖᤲὶ◁㔞ࡢィ⟬ᕸ┠ᕝ࡟࠾ࡅࡿὶ◁㔞ࡢ኱ࡁࡉࢆ᳨ウࡍࡿࡓࡵ㸪ࣁ࢖ࢻࣟࣇ࢛ࣥ࡟ࡼࡾほ ࡋࡓὶ◁㔞ࢆὶ◁㔞ᘧ࡜ẚ㍑ࡋࡓ㸬ࢆ௨ୗࡢᘧ࡟ࡼࡾồࡵࡓ㸬ᓠᑎ࡟࠾ࡅࡿ↓ḟඖᤲὶຊ
㸦Ĳ*㸧

Wu2

§¨ V  1·¸ gd© U ¹Rie§¨ V  1·¸d
© U ¹(2)ࡇࡇ࡛㸪u*ࡣᦶ᧿㏿ᗘ㸦m/s㸧㸪ıࡣ◁♟ࡢẚ㔜㸦2.65㸧㸪ȡࡣỈࡢẚ㔜㸦1㸧㸪gࡣ㔜ຊຍ㏿ᗘ㸦9.8m/s2㸧㸪dࡣ௦⾲⢏ᚄ㸦m㸧㸪Rࡣᚄ῝㸦m㸧㸪ieࡣ࢚ࢿࣝࢠ࣮໙㓄㸦m/m㸧
࡛࠶ࡿࠋᓠᑎࡢ50%⢏ᚄ㸦0.0985m㸧㸪ྛ᫬ほ Ỉ఩㸦m㸧㸪㐣ཤฟỈ᫬ほ ࡢỈ㠃໙㓄㸦0.01㸧ࢆᚋ⪅3ࡘࡢࣃ࣓࣮ࣛ
ࢱ࡟⏝࠸ࡓ㸬ࡲࡓ㸪↓ḟඖᤲὶ◁㔞㸦qb*㸧ࡣ௨ୗࡢᘧ࡟ࡼࡾồࡵࡓ㸬

- 44 -

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ὶ◁㔞
ὶ㔞

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ࣆ࣮ࢡὶ◁㔞 (m3/s)

150

ྎ㢼15ྕ

50
020000.003

ᖺ

0.002

150

ྎ㢼17ྕ

1000.001

50

0
0.003
0.002

0200

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ᖺ

ࣆ࣮ࢡὶ㔞 (m3/s)

0.002

200

ྎ㢼12ྕ

150
1000.001
050
2/1

1/1

3/1

4/1

5/1

6/1

8/1

7/1

9/1

10/1

11/1

0

12/1

ᅗ 2011ᖺ㸫2013ᖺ࡟࠾ࡅࡿࣆ࣮ࢡὶ◁㔞࡜ࣆ࣮ࢡὶ㔞ࡢ᪥ኚ໬qb§¨ V  1·¸ gd© U¹

1.E-02(3)

ࡇࡇ࡛qbࡣὶ◁㔞㸦m3/s㸧࡛㸪ࣁ࢖ࢻࣟࣇ࢛ࣥ࡟ࡼࡾồࡵࡓὶ◁㔞㸦ᘧ(1)㸧ࢆ༢఩ᖜ࡟᥮⟬ࡋࡓࡶࡢࢆ⏝࠸ࡓ㸬ࡲࡓ㸪ẚ㍑ࡢࡓࡵ࡟ⰱ⏣࣭㐨ୖࡢᘧ4)ࢆ⏝࠸࡚ᤲὶຊ࠿ࡽồࡵࡽࢀࡿᤲὶ◁㔞ࢆ⟬ฟࡋࡓ㸬ὶ◁㔞(m3/s)

qb*

1.E-03
1.E-04
ྛほ ್
୰ኸ್
5%್
95%್

1.E-05
1.E-06
1.E-02 ฟỈ࢖࣋ࣥࢺࡢᢳฟ
2011ᖺ4᭶࠿ࡽ2013ᖺ12᭶ࡢᮇ㛫࡟Ⓨ⏕ࡋࡓฟỈ࢖࣋ࣥࢺࡣྜィ84ᅇ࡛࠶ࡗࡓ㸬ࡇࡢᮇ㛫ࡢࣆ࣮ࢡὶ◁㔞࡜ࣆ࣮ࢡὶ㔞ࡢ᪥ኚ໬ࢆᅗ࡟♧ࡍ㸬ࡇࡢᮇ㛫࡟ࡣ2011ᖺྎ
㢼12,15ྕ㸪2012ᖺྎ㢼17ྕ㸪2013ᖺྎ㢼18ྕ࡞࡝ࡢ኱つᶍฟỈࡶグ㘓ࡉࢀ࡚࠸ࡿ㸬࡞࠾㸪ᅗࡣほ ᮇ㛫୰᭱኱ࡢὶ㔞࡛࠶ࡿ185m3/sࢆグ㘓ࡋࡓ2013ᖺྎ㢼18ྕࢆ࢖࣋ࣥࢺ༢య࡛ษࡾฟࡋࡓࡶࡢ࡛࠶ࡿ㸬 ὶ㔞࡟ᑐࡍࡿὶ◁㔞ࡢศᕸὶ㔞࡜ὶ◁㔞ࡢ㛵ಀࢆ㸪ྛὶ㔞᫬࡟࠾ࡅࡿὶ◁㔞ࡢ㸦୰ኸ್㸪㸩5%್ࠊ95%್㸧࡜࡜ࡶ࡟♧ࡍ㸦ᅗ㸪ୖ㸸඲3ᖺศ㸪ୗ㸸ྛᖺู㸧㸬࡝ࡢᖺ࡟࠾࠸࡚ࡶ㸪ὶ◁㔞ࡣὶ㔞ࡢቑຍ࡜࡜ࡶ࡟┤⥺ᛶࢆᣢࡗ࡚ቑຍࡍࡿࡀ㸪ὶ◁㔞ࡀ
1×10-3(m3/s)ࢆ㉸࠼ࡓ࠶ࡓࡾ࠿ࡽഴࡁࡀኚ໬ࡋ㸪⦆ࡸ࠿࡟࡞ࡗ࡚࠸ࡿ㸬ᖺู࡛ࡣ㸪ὶ㔞ࡀ10m3/s௨ୗࡢ࡜ࡁ2011ᖺࡢὶ◁㔞ࡀከࡃ㸪10m3/s௨ୖ࡛ࡣ2013ᖺࡀከ࠿ࡗࡓ㸬2012ᖺࡣ඲యࢆ㏻ࡋ࡚ὶ◁㔞ࡀᑡ࡞࠸ഴྥࡀぢࡽࢀࡓ㸬 ↓ḟඖᤲὶ◁㔞ࡢ⌮ㄽᘧ࡜ࡢẚ㍑
ᕸ┠ᕝ࡟࠾ࡅࡿ↓ḟඖᤲὶ◁㔞ࡣ㸪ⰱ⏣࣭㐨ୖᘧ࠿ࡽᚓࡽࢀࡿ↓ḟඖᤲὶ◁㔞ࢆ኱ࡁࡃୗᅇࡾ㸪3࣮࢜ࢲ࣮௨ୖ
ࡢ㛤ࡁࡀ࠶ࡗࡓ㸬ほ ᮇ㛫୰࡛ࡣ2013ᖺࡀ㧗࠸್ࢆ♧ࡋ

1.E-03ὶ◁㔞(m3/s)㸱㸬⤖ᯝ࡜⪃ᐹ

1.E-04

୰ኸ್
5%್
95%್
୰ኸ್
5%್
95%್
୰ኸ್
5%್
95%್

2011ᖺ
2012ᖺ

1.E-052013ᖺ

1.E-061101003ὶ㔞(m( /s))ᅗ ὶ㔞࡟ᑐࡍࡿὶ◁㔞ࡢศᕸ㸪඲ 3 ᖺศ㸦ୖ㸧㸪ᖺู㸦ୗ㸧↓ḟඖᤲὶ◁㔞 qb*

1.E+03
1.E+02
1.E+01ⰱ⏣࣭㐨ୖᘧ
2011
2012
2013

1.E+00
1.E-01
1.E-02
1.E-03ᓠᑎほⅬ

1.E-04
1.E-050.01

0.11↓ḟඖᤲὶຊ Ĳ*10ᅗ  ↓ḟඖᤲὶຊ࡜↓ḟඖᤲὶ◁㔞ࡢ㛵ಀ࡚࠾ࡾ㸪ྎ㢼18ྕ࡟ࡼࡿฟỈࡢᙳ㡪ࡀ⪃࠼ࡽࢀࡿ㸬ᅜᅵᢏ⾡ᨻ⟇⥲ྜ◊✲ᡤ࡛ࡣ㸪ࣁ࢖ࢻࣟࣇ࢛ࣥࢆ⏝࠸ࡓほ- 45 -ࢆ඲ᅜࡢᒣᆅ◁㜵ᇦࢆ୰ᚰ࡟⾜ࡗ࡚࠸ࡿ5)㸬ࡑࢀ࡟ࡼࡿ࡜㸪ᅗࡣྛᖺࡢྎ㢼࡟ࡼࡿฟỈ࢖࣋ࣥࢺ࡜㸪ࡑࡢᚋ2ᅇࡢᆅᇦ࡟ࡼࡗ࡚↓ḟඖᤲὶຊ࡜↓ḟඖᤲὶ◁㔞ࡢ㛵ಀࡣ኱ฟỈ࢖࣋ࣥࢺࢆ♧ࡋࡓࡶࡢ࡛࠶ࡿ㸬ྛᖺ࡜ࡶ᭱ึࡢྎ㢼ࡁࡃ␗࡞ࡾ㸪ࡑࡢ୰࡟ࡣὶ◁㔞ᘧ࠿ࡽ4-5࣮࢜ࢲ࣮௨ୖࡶ࡟ࡼࡿฟỈ࡛ࡣ㸪ࣆ࣮ࢡὶ㔞ࡀ100m3/sࢆ㉸࠼࡚࠾ࡾ㸪ὶ㔞ࡢቑῶ࡜࡜ࡶ࡟ὶ◁㔞ࡶቑῶࡍࡿࡀ㸪ྠࡌὶ㔞࡛ࡶቑୗᅇࡿࢣ࣮ࢫࡶࡳࡽࢀࡿ㸬ᕸ┠ᕝࡢ⤖ᯝࡣࠊᤲὶຊ࡟ᑐỈᮇࡼࡾῶỈᮇࡢὶ◁㔞ࡀከࡃ࡞ࡗ࡚࠸ࡿ㸬ࡋ࡚ὶ◁㔞ࡀᑡ࡞࠸ࡇ࡜ࢆ♧ࡋ࡚࠸ࡿ㸬ᕸ┠ᕝὶᇦࡣἙ୍⯡࡟㸪⃮ᗘィ࡛ィ ࡉࢀࡿ࢛࢘ࢵࢩ࣮ࣗࣟࢻࡸᾋ㐟ᕝ࡟ᅵ◁ࢆ౪⤥ࡍࡿ〄ᆅᩳ㠃ࡀᑡ࡞ࡃ6)㸪ࡲࡓほ Ⅼ௜㏆࡛ࡣᒾ┙ࡢἙᗋࡶ┠❧ࡘ㸬ࡇࡢࡇ࡜࠿ࡽࡶ㸪ᅵ◁ࡢᩳ㠃◁ࡢሙྜࡣ㸪ቑỈᮇ࡟ᅵ◁⃰ᗘࡀ㧗ࡃ㸪ῶỈᮇ࡟పࡃ࡞࠿ࡽࡢ౪⤥㔞ࡶἙᕝෆࡢ⵳✚㔞ࡶᑡ࡞࠸ࡇ࡜ࡀఛ࠼ࡿ㸬 ࡿ᫬ィᅇࡾࡢࣄࢫࢸࣜࢩࢫ࣮ࣝࣉࡀぢࡽࢀࡿ7)㸬ࡇࢀ࡟ᑐࡋ࡚ᤲὶ◁࡛ࡣ኱つᶍฟỈࡢ࡜ࡁ࡟ࡣ཯᫬ィᅇࡾࡢ࣮ࣝࣉ࡛࠶ࡿࡇ࡜ࢆࣁ࢖ࢻࣟࣇ࢛ࣥࡢ⤖ᯝࡣ♧ࡋ࡚࠸ࡿ㸬ࡋ ὶ㔞࡜ὶ◁㔞ࡢ㛵ಀࡢᏘ⠇ኚ໬࠿ࡋ㸪ࡑࡢᚋࡢ2ᅇࡢฟỈ࡛ࡣ㸪ྛᖺ࡜ࡶࣆ࣮ࢡ᫬ࡢὶ㔞 ฟỈ࢖࣋ࣥࢺࡈ࡜࡟ὶ◁㔞ࡢ⥲㔞㸦඲ὶ◁㔞㸧ࢆ⟬ฟࡢ኱ࡁࡉ࡟㛵ࢃࡽࡎቑỈᮇ࡟ὶ◁㔞ࡀከ࠸᫬ィᅇࡾ㸪ࡶࡋ㸪୍ᖺࢆ4ࡘࡢᮇ㛫࡟༊ศࡋ࡚࢖࣋ࣥࢺࡈ࡜ࡢὶ㔞ࡢ⥲㔞㸦඲ὶ㔞㸧ࡲࡓࡣࣆ࣮ࢡὶ㔞࡜ࡢ㛵ಀࢆㄪ࡭ࡓ㸦ᅗ㸧㸬 ࡋࡃࡣὶ◁㔞ࡀῶỈᮇ࡜➼ࡋ࠸࣮ࣝࣉ࡜࡞ࡗ࡚࠸ࡿ㸬ቑỈᮇ࡜ῶỈᮇ㸪ࡲࡓ␗࡞ࡿฟỈ࢖࣋ࣥࢺ㛫࡛ὶ◁㔞ࡑࡢ⤖ᯝ㸪࡝ࡢᖺࡶ඲ὶ◁㔞ࡣ඲ὶ㔞࡟ẚ౛ࡋ࡚࠾ࡾ㸦ᅗࢆẚ㍑ࡍࡿࡓࡵ㸪ྛฟỈ࡟࠾࠸࡚௵ពࡢ4ὶ㔞༊ศ㸦1㸸ୖ㸧㸪2011ᖺࡣ4-6᭶࡟඲ὶ㔞࡟ᑐࡍࡿ඲ὶ◁㔞ࡀ㧗࠸
<10m3/s㸪2㸸10-20m3/s㸪3㸸20-40m3/s㸪4㸸>40m3/s㸧࡟ほഴྥ࡟࠶ࡗࡓࡀ㸪3ᖺࢆ㏻ࡋ୍࡚㈏ࡋࡓᏘ⠇࡟ࡼࡿ㐪࠸ࡣࢹ࣮ࢱࢆศࡅ㸪ࡑࢀࡒࢀࡢ༊ศ࡟࠾ࡅࡿὶ◁㔞ࡢ90%࡞࠿ࡗࡓ㸬୍᪉㸪2012ᖺࡣ඲యⓗ࡟ὶ◁㔞ࡀᑡ࡞ࡃ㸪2013್ࢆ௦⾲್࡜ࡋ࡚⟬ฟࡋࡓ㸬๓⪅3༊ศ࡛ࡢ್ࡣ㸪ὶ㔞ࡀᖺࡣከ࠸࡞࡝㸪ᖺ࡟ࡼࡿ㐪࠸ࡀ࠶ࡗࡓ㸬
10m3/s㸪20m3/s㸪40m3/sࢆ㏻㐣ࡍࡿ㛫㝿ࡢὶ◁㔞࡟┦ᙜࡍࡲࡓ㸪ྛฟỈࡢ඲ὶ◁㔞ࡣࣆ࣮ࢡὶ㔞࡜ࡼࡾᙉ࠸㛵ಀࡿ㸬ฟỈࢆ᫬⣔ิ㡰࡟୪࡭ࡿ࡜㸪ᖺࡸᏘ⠇࡜࠸࠺ࡼࡾࡣࡀぢࡽࢀࡓ㸦ᅗୗ㸧㸬≉࡟2012ᖺ࡜ 2013ᖺ࡛ࡣ㸪ྎ㢼≉ᐃࡢฟỈ࡟࠾࠸࡚ቑỈᮇ࡜ῶỈᮇࡢ㛵ಀࡀኚࢃࡗ࡚࠸
ࡀ㞟୰ࡍࡿ7-9᭶ࡣࣆ࣮ࢡὶ㔞࡟ᑐࡍࡿ඲ὶ◁㔞ࡀ௚ࡢᏘ⠇ࡼࡾࡶపࡃ㸪ࡲࡓ10-12᭶ࡣࡑࢀࡀ㧗࠸ഴྥ࡟࠶ࡗࡓ㸬 ࡿࡇ࡜ࡀศ࠿ࡗࡓ㸦ᅗ㸧㸬ࣆ࣮ࢡὶ㔞ࡢ኱ࡁ࠸ฟỈ࡛ࡣ」ᩘࡢὶ㔞༊ศ࡛ቑỈᮇࡼࡾࡶῶỈᮇࡢὶ◁㔞ࡀ኱ࡁࡇࢀࡣྎ㢼࡟ࡼࡿฟỈ࡛Ἑ㐨ෆ࡟ᅵ◁ࡀ౪⤥ࡉࢀ㸪ࡋࡤࡽࡃࡢ㛫ࡣᅵ◁ࡀከ࠸≧ែࡀ⥆࠸ࡓࡓࡵ࡜⪃࠼ࡽࢀࡿ㸬 ࠸ഴྥ࡟࠶ࡗࡓ㸬≉࡟ࣆ࣮ࢡὶ㔞ࡀ50m3/s௨ୖࡢฟỈ࡛㸪ࡑࢀ௨๓࡟㛗ࡽࡃྠつᶍࡢฟỈࡀ࡞࠸ሙྜ࡟ࡑࡢഴྥࡀ࡞࠾㸪ᕸ┠ࢲ࣒ࡢ㐣ཤࡢほ ࢹ࣮ࢱ࠿ࡽ㸪2013ᖺྎ㢼ᙉ࠿ࡗࡓ㸬୍᪉࡛㸪ࡑ࠺ࡋࡓฟỈࡢᚋࡢࣆ࣮ࢡὶ㔞ࡀᑠ
18ྕࡢࣆ࣮ࢡὶ㔞ࡣ㐣ཤ10ᖺ㛫࡛᭱኱࡛࠶ࡗࡓ࡜᥎ᐹࡉ
3ࡉ࠸ฟỈ࡛ࡣ㸪㏫࡟ቑỈᮇ࡟ὶ◁㔞ࡀከ࠸ഴྥ࡟࠶ࡗࡓ㸬ࢀࡿ㸬ࣆ࣮ࢡὶ㔞ࡀ150m /sࢆ㉸࠼ࡿฟỈࡣ㸪2012ᖺྎ㢼ࡇࡢഴྥࢆࡼࡾ᫂☜࡟ࡍࡿࡓࡵ㸪ࡑࢀࡒࢀࡢὶ㔞༊ศ
17ྕࡢ๓ࡣ㸪2009ᖺ࡜2004ᖺࡢࡳ࡛࠶ࡗࡓ㸬࡟࠾ࡅࡿቑỈᮇ࡜ῶỈᮇࡢὶ◁㔞ࡢᕪࢆྛฟỈࡢࣆ࣮ࢡὶ㔞࡟ᑐࡋ࡚ࣉࣟࢵࢺࡋࡓࡢࡀᅗ࡛࠶ࡿ㸬ྛฟỈ࡟ࡘ ὶ◁㔞ࡢᒚṔຠᯝࡢ᳨ド࠸࡚ὶ㔞༊ศࡈ࡜࡟㸪ὶ◁㔞ࡀቑỈᮇ࡟ከ࠸ሙྜࡣṇ㸪ྛฟỈ࢖࣋ࣥࢺ࡟࠾ࡅࡿቑỈᮇ࡜ῶỈᮇࡢὶ◁㔞ࡢ኱ῶỈᮇ࡟ከ࠸ሙྜࡣ㈇ࢆ♧ࡍ㸬඲యⓗ࡟ࣆ࣮ࢡὶ㔞ࡀᑠᑠ㛵ಀࢆ㸪ฟỈつᶍ㸦ࣆ࣮ࢡὶ㔞㸧࡜ࡢ㛵ಀ࠿ࡽ⪃ᐹࡍࡉ࠸㸦40m3/s௨ୗ㸧ฟỈ࡛ࡣ㸪ṇࡸ0௜㏆ࡢ್ࡀከ࠸ࡢ࡟
ࡿ㸬
1-3᭶
4-6᭶
7-9᭶
10-12᭶

ᖺ

100

ᖺ

ᖺ

඲ὶ◁㔞 (m3)

10.01

410 㻌

57

6

410 㻌 10 㻌

10 㻌

10510 㻌

610 㻌

710 㻌

410 㻌

510 㻌

6710 㻌

10 㻌

඲ὶ㔞(m3)
඲
100
101
0.1
0.01
1

10100

110100ࣆ࣮ࢡὶ㔞(m3/s)

110ᅗ ฟỈ࢖࣋ࣥࢺࡈ࡜ࡢ඲ὶ㔞㸦⥲㔞㸧㸦ୖ㸧࣭ࣆ࣮ࢡὶ㔞㸦ୗ㸧࡜඲ὶ◁㔞㸦⥲㔞㸧ࡢ㛵ಀ

- 46 -1001.E-02㻞㻜㻝㻝㻚㻥㻚㻝㻙㻣ྎ㢼㻝㻞ྕ㻞㻜㻝㻝㻚㻥㻚㻝㻢㻙㻝㻣㻞㻜㻝㻝㻚㻥㻚㻝㻥㻙㻞㻟ྎ㢼㻝㻡ྕ㻞㻜㻝㻞㻚㻥㻚㻟㻜㻙㻝㻜㻚㻞ྎ㢼㻝㻣ྕ㻞㻜㻝㻞㻚㻝㻜㻚㻝㻣㻙㻝㻥㻞㻜㻝㻞㻚㻝㻜㻚㻞㻟㻙㻞㻠㻞㻜㻝㻟㻚㻥㻚㻝㻡㻙㻝㻣ྎ㢼㻝㻤ྕ㻞㻜㻝㻟㻚㻝㻜㻚㻥㻞㻜㻝㻟㻚㻝㻜㻚㻝㻡㻙㻝㻢

1.E-03
1.E-04ቑỈᮇῶỈᮇ

1.E-05
1.E-06ὶ◁㔞 (m3/s)

1.E-02
1.E-03
1.E-04
1.E-05
1.E-06
1.E-02
1.E-03
1.E-04
1.E-05
1.E-06110100110ὶ㔞㸦m3/s㸧

100110100ᅗ ฟỈ࢖࣋ࣥࢺࡈ࡜ࡢὶ◁㔞ࡢᒚṔຠᯝ㸦ࣄࢫࢸࣜࢩࢫ࣮ࣝࣉ㸧ቑỈᮇࡢὶ◁㔞㸦90%್㸧ὶ㔞༊ศ㸸ῶỈᮇࡢὶ◁㔞㸦90%್㸧ࣆ࣮ࢡὶ㔞

PV

100

1.E-04

1.E-06
1.E-02101ὶ㔞༊ศ㸸

PV100ὶ◁㔞 (m3/s)

1.E-04

1.E-06
1.E-02101ὶ㔞༊ศ㸸

PV

100

1.E-0410

1.E-06
1.E-021ὶ㔞༊ศ㸸

PV

100

1.E-0410

1.E-0614᭶

2011ᖺ

12᭶ 1᭶

2012ᖺ

12᭶ 1᭶

2013ᖺ

ᅗ ྛฟỈ࡟࠾ࡅࡿὶ㔞༊ศูࡢቑỈᮇ࡜ῶỈᮇࡢὶ◁㔞㸦඲ࢹ࣮ࢱࡢ 90%್㸧- 47 -12᭶ࣆ࣮ࢡὶ㔞 (m3/s)

1.E-02ὶ◁㔞ࡢᕪ (m3/s)

0.0015ὶ㔞༊ศ㸸 PV㸸 PV㸸 PV㸸 PV

0.001
0.00050-0.0005-0.001-0.0015
110100( 3/s))ࣆ࣮ࢡὶ㔞 (mᅗ ྛฟỈࡢࣆ࣮ࢡὶ㔞࡜ὶ◁㔞ᕪ㸦ቑỈᮇ㸫ῶỈᮇ㸧ࡢ㛵ಀ᫂░࡞࣮ࣝࣉ࡞ࡋᑐࡋ࡚㸪ࣆ࣮ࢡὶ㔞ࡀ኱ࡁ࠸㸦50m3/s௨ୖ㸧ฟỈ࡛ࡣ㈇ࡢ್ࡀከࡃ㸪ฟỈࡢࣆ࣮ࢡὶ㔞࡜ὶ◁㔞ࡢᕪࡣ㈇ࡢ㛵ಀ࡟࠶ࡿࡢࡀศ࠿ࡿ㸬≉࡟ὶ㔞༊ศ2ࡸ3࡛ࡑࡢ㛵ಀࡀ᫂░࡛࠶ࡗࡓ㸬ࡇࢀ࡟ࡣᅗࡢࡼ࠺࡞ኚ໬ࡀ⪃࠼ࡽࢀࡿ㸬ᑠつᶍࡢฟỈࡀ⥆ࡃ࡜Ἑ㐨ෆࡢᅵ◁ࡀᑡ࡞ࡃ㸪ቑỈᮇ࡜ῶỈᮇࡢὶ◁㔞࡟ᕪࡣ⏕ࡌ࡞࠸㸦ձ㸧㸬ࡋ࠿ࡋ㸪኱つᶍ࡞ฟỈ㸦ࣆ࣮ࢡὶ㔞ࡀ50m3/s௨ୖ㸪ղ㸧࡛ࡣ㸪ቑỈᮇࡣࡲࡔᅵ◁ࡀᑡ࡞࠸ࡀ㸪ࣆ࣮ࢡὶ㔞᫬࡟ᩳ㠃㸪ᨭὶࡸ㧗࠸ࢸࣛࢫୖࡢ⵳✚࠿ࡽᅵ◁ࡀ౪⤥ࡉࢀ㸪ῶỈᮇ࡟Ἑ㐨ෆࡢᅵ◁ࡀቑ኱ࡋࡓ≧ែ࡜࡞ࡿ㸬ࡑࡢᚋࡢᑠつᶍࡢฟỈ࡛ࡣ㸦ճ㸧㸪ቑỈᮇࡣᅵ◁ࡢከ࠸≧ែ࠿ࡽጞࡲࡿࡀ㸪᪂ࡓ࡞ᅵ◁ࡢ౪⤥ࡀ࡞࠸ࡓࡵᅵ◁ࡀືࡁࡁࡿῶỈᮇ࡟ὶ◁ࡣᑡ࡞ࡃ࡞ࡿ㸬ࡇࢀࡀ⥆ࡃ࡜࠸ࡎࢀձࡢ≧ែ࡟ኚࢃࡿࠋ䐟ᑠつᶍฟỈᩳ㠃ࠊᨭὶࠊࢸࣛࢫ࠿ࡽᅵ◁ࡀ᪂ࡓ࡟౪⤥཯᫬ィᅇࡾ࣮ࣝࣉ䐠኱つᶍฟỈ᫬ィᅇࡾ࣮ࣝࣉ䐡኱つᶍฟỈ┤ᚋ䛾ᑠつᶍฟỈ㸲㸬ࡲ࡜ࡵ ᮏ◊✲࡛ࡣ㸪ᮌὠᕝᕸ┠ࢲ࣒ୖὶ࡛3ᖺ࡟Ώࡾࣁ࢖ࢻࣟࣇ࢛ࣥ࡟ࡼࡿὶ◁ほ ࢆ⾜࠸㸪ࡑࡢ㛫࡟Ⓨ⏕ࡋࡓฟỈ࢖࣋ࣥࢺグ㘓ࢆศᯒࡍࡿࡇ࡜࡟ࡼࡾ㸪ὶ◁㔞࡟ཬࡰࡍὥỈᒚṔࡢせᅉ࡟ࡘ࠸࡚㆟ㄽࡋࡓ㸬ࣆ࣮ࢡὶ㔞ࡀ50m3/s௨ୖࡢฟỈ࡟ࡼࡗ࡚ࡣቑỈᮇࡼࡾࡶῶỈᮇ࡟ὶ◁㔞ࡀ㧗ࡲࡿ཯᫬ィᅇࡾࡢࣄࢫࢸࣜࢩࢫ࣮ࣝࣉࢆᥥࡁ㸪ࡑࡢᚋࡢᩘᅇࡢᑠࡉ࡞ฟỈ࡛ࡣ㸪㏫࡟ቑỈᮇ࡟ὶ◁㔞ࡀ㧗ࡲࡿࡇ࡜ࢆ♧ࡋࡓ㸬ࡇࡢࡼ࠺࡞ὶ◁ࡢὥỈᒚṔࡣ㸪ୖὶᇦ࠿ࡽࡢᅵ◁౪⤥ࡀ୺࡟኱ࡁ࡞ὥỈ᫬࡟౫Ꮡࡋ࡚㛫Ḟⓗ࡟⏕ࡌࡿᕸ┠ᕝࡢ≉ᚩ࡛࠶ࡿࡇ࡜ࡀ⪃࠼ࡽࢀࡿ㸬ᖺ࡟ࡼࡿ㐪࠸ࡶࡳࡽࢀࡿࡇ࡜࠿ࡽ㸪ὶ◁㔞ࡣ๓ᚋࡢฟỈࡔࡅ࡛ࡣ࡞ࡃ㸪ᩘᖺ࠿ࡑࢀ௨ୖ࡟୍ᗘࡢ኱つᶍฟỈ࡟ࡶ㛵ಀࡋ࡚࠸ࡿྍ⬟ᛶࡀ࠶ࡿ㸬௒ᚋὶ◁ࡢ౪⤥※ࢆ≉ᐃࡋ࡚࠸ࡃࡇ࡜࡛㸪ὶ㔞࡜ὶ◁㔞ࡢ㛵ಀࡢゎ᫂ࢆ㐍ࡵࡿᚲせࡀ࠶ࡿ㸬ㅰ㎡㸸ᮏ◊✲ࡣᅜᅵ஺㏻┬࡜㸪ி㒔኱Ꮫ㜵⅏◊✲ᡤࡢඹྠ◊✲ࣉࣟࢪ࢙ࢡࢺࠕἙᕝ⎔ቃࡢࡓࡵࡢἙᗋᆅᙧ⟶⌮ᡭἲ࡟㛵ࡍࡿᢏ⾡㛤Ⓨࠖࡢࡶ࡜⾜ࢃࢀࡓ㸬Ἑ㐨᝟ሗࡸỈ఩࣭ὶ㔞ࢹ࣮ࢱࢆࡈᥦ౪࠸ࡓࡔ࠸ࡓỈ㈨※ᶵᵓᮌὠᕝࢲ࣒⥲ྜ⟶⌮ᡤ㸪ほ ࡟ࡈ༠ຊ࣭ຓゝ࠸ࡓࡔ࠸ࡓࣁ࢖ࢻࣟࢸࢵࢡ㸦ᰴ㸧㔝୰⌮ఙᵝ࡟࠾♩⏦ࡋୖࡆࡿ㸬ᅗ ὶ◁ࡢᒚṔຠᯝࡢᶍᘧᅗཧ⪃ᩥ⊩1) Ỉᒣ㧗ஂ, ᯇᒸ⨾࿴, 㔝୰⌮ఙ: ὶ◁㔞ࡢከ࠸≧ែࡢࣁ࢖ࢻࣟࣇ࢛ࣥ࡟ࡼࡿὶ◁ィ 㸦㡢ᅽࢹ࣮ࢱࡢྲྀᚓ㸧, ◁㜵Ꮫ఍ㄅ,Vol.61, pp.35-38, 2008.
2) 㕥ᮌᣅ㑻, Ỉ㔝⚽᫂, ᑠᒣෆಙᬛ, ᖹ⃝Ⰻ㍜, 㛗㇂ᕝ♸἞: 㡢ᅽࢹ࣮ࢱࢆ⏝࠸ࡓࣁ࢖ࢻࣟࣇ࢛ࣥ࡟ࡼࡿᤲὶ◁㔞ィ ᡭἲ࡟㛵ࡍࡿᇶ♏ⓗ◊✲, ◁㜵Ꮫ఍ㄅ, Vol. 62, pp. 18-26, 2010.
3) ᑠᯘⲡᖹ, ➉㛛ᗣᘯ, ゅဴஓ, ෠㜰࿴⚽, ᒣᓮ཭ஓ, ⡿⏣᱁,ሐ኱୕: ࣁ࢖ࢻࣟࣇ࢛ࣥ࡟ࡼࡿࢲ࣒ὶධᅵ◁㔞ᢕᥱࡢ㧗ᗘ໬࡟㛵ࡍࡿ◊✲, Ἑᕝᢏ⾡ㄽᩥ㞟, Vol.19, pp.147-152, 2013.
4) ᅵᮌᏛ఍Ỉ⌮ጤဨ఍Ỉ⌮බᘧ㞟ᨵゞᑠጤဨ఍: Ỉ⌮බᘧ㞟ᖹᡂ 11 ᖺ∧, ᅵᮌᏛ఍, 1999.
5) ᒸᮏᩔ㸪ෆ⏣ኴ㑻㸪㕥ᮌᣅ㑻㸪୰ᕝ࿴⏨㸪⏣᪉ᬛ㸪ᯇᒸᬡ: ᒣᆅὶᇦ࡟࠾ࡅࡿὶ◁ほ ࢹ࣮ࢱࡢ཰㞟ཬࡧゎᯒ㸪◁㜵Ꮫ఍◊✲Ⓨ⾲఍ᴫせ㞟, pp.176-177, 2012.
6) ሐ኱୕, ⸨⏣ṇ἞, ➉㛛ᗣᘯ, ゅဴஓ, Ἠᒣᐶ: ᮌὠᕝὶᇦࡢᅵ◁⏕⏘࣏ࢸࣥࢩࣕࣝࡢ᥎ᐃ㸪◁㜵Ꮫ఍ㄅ, Vol. 66, pp.
13-22,2014.
7) ゅဴஓ, ᒸ㔝┾ஂ㸦┘ಟ㸧,Reservoir Sedimentation ◊✲఍㸦┘ヂ㸧: ㈓Ỉụᅵ◁⟶⌮ࣁࣥࢻࣈࢵࢡ㸫ὶᇦᑐ⟇࣭ὶ◁ᢏ⾡࣭ୗὶἙᕝ⎔ቃ㸫, ᢏሗᇽฟ∧, 2010㸦ཷ௜㸧- 48 -