土 壌 汚 染 対 策 法
ガ イ ド ラ イ ン
第 １ 編

土壌汚染対策法に基づく調査及び措置に関するガイドライン（改訂第３．１版）

令和４年８月環境省 水・大気環境局 水環境課土壌環境室

本ガイドラインの策定経緯・位置付け
土壌汚染に係る調査及び措置については、土壌汚染対策法（平成 14 年法
律第 53 号）及びこれに基づく関係法令に規定されているところです。
平成 31 年４月１日より、土壌汚染対策法の一部を改正する法律（平成 29年法律第 33 号。以下「平成 29 年改正法」という。）が全面施行されることを受け、実務に従事する地方公共団体及び事業者の方が改正法に基づく調査及び措置を行うに当たって参考となる手引きとして、「土壌汚染対策法に基づく調査及び措置に関するガイドライン（改訂第３版）」を作成しました。
今般、当該ガイドラインの公開後に変更された制度等への対応や内容の充実等の観点から、必要な見直しを行い、改訂第３．１版を作成しました。
本ガイドラインは今後も内容の一層の充実を図っていくこととしています。

環境省

水・大気環境局

令和４年８月水環境課土壌環境室

本ガイドライン内における記述方法について
本ガイドラインでは、法、施行令、施行規則、省令、告示、通知の内容を標準字体で記述し、それらの内容の詳細な説明及び補足事項を斜字体で記述している。

目次
土壌汚染対策法の概要 ...................................................... 1
土壌汚染対策法の目的（法第１条） ......................................................................................... 1
土壌汚染対策法の目的 ······························································································· 1
法改正の経緯及び目的 ······························································································· 2
平成 29 年改正法の施行まで及び施行後の経緯 ······························································· 5
測定対象とする土壌 ·································································································· 7
特定有害物質（法第２条） ....................................................................................................... 7
自然由来及び水面埋立て土砂由来の土壌汚染の取扱い ........................................................... 10
自然由来で特定有害物質により汚染された土壌の取扱いの基本的な考え方 ······················· 10
自然由来の有害物質が含まれる汚染土壌により盛土又は埋め戻しが行われた場合の取扱い ···11
形質変更時要届出区域であって当該形質変更時要届出区域内の土地の土壌の特定有害物質による汚染状態が専ら自然に由来すると認められるもの（自然由来特例区域）の該当性について 12
公有水面埋立地における特定有害物質で汚染された土壌の取扱いの基本的な考え方 ··········· 12
形質変更時要届出区域であって当該形質変更時要届出区域内の土地の土壌の特定有害物質による汚染状態が水面埋立てに用いられた土砂に由来すると認められるものであって一定の条件を満たすもの（埋立地特例区域）の該当性について ························································ 13
要措置区域の指定に係る基準（法第６条） ............................................................................ 13
汚染状態に関する基準 ····························································································· 13
健康被害が生じるおそれに関する基準 ········································································ 15
土壌汚染状況調査（法第３条～第５条） ................................................................................ 18
使用が廃止された有害物質使用特定施設に係る工場又は事業場の敷地であった土地の調査 ·· 20
土壌汚染のおそれがある土地の形質の変更が行われる場合の調査 ··································· 40
土壌汚染による健康被害が生ずるおそれがある土地の調査 ············································ 55
区域の指定等 ........................................................................................................................... 60
要措置区域（法第６条～第 10 条） ············································································ 60
形質変更時要届出区域（法第 11 条～第 13 条） ··························································· 87
指定の申請（法第 14 条） ..................................................................................................... 107
趣旨 ···················································································································· 107
指定の申請の手続 ·································································································· 107
台帳（法第 15 条） ............................................................................................................... 109
指定台帳の調製 ····································································································· 110
指定台帳の訂正及び消除 ························································································· 113
解除台帳の調製 ····································································································· 113
解除台帳の訂正 ····································································································· 115
台帳の保管及び閲覧 ······························································································· 115
汚染土壌の搬出等に係る規制 ................................................................................................. 116

汚染土壌の搬出時の措置（法第 16 条～第 21 条） ······················································· 116
汚染土壌処理業（法第 22 条～第 28 条） ··································································· 134
その他 ................................................................................................................................... 136
指定調査機関（法第 29 条～第 43 条） ······································································ 136
指定支援法人（法第 44 条～第 53 条） ······································································ 146
都道府県知事による土壌汚染に関する情報の収集、整理、保存及び提供等（法第 61 条） ·· 147
有害物質使用特定施設を設置していた者による土壌汚染状況調査への協力（法第 61 条の２）·························································································································· 149
法の規定に基づく命令（政省令）の制定等における経過措置（法第 62 条） ···················· 149
権限の委任（法第 63 条） ······················································································· 149
政令で定める市の長による事務の処理（法第 64 条） ··················································· 149
罰則（法第 65 条～第 69 条） ·················································································· 149
平成 29 年改正法等の施行に伴う経過措置 ·································································· 149
法の施行に当たっての配慮事項等 ············································································· 150

土壌汚染状況調査 ........................................................ 152
土壌汚染状況調査の契機（法第３条～第５条） ................................................................... 152
基本的な考え方 ····································································································· 152
法第３条第１項本文調査（調査義務） ······································································· 152
法第３条第８項調査（調査命令） ············································································· 152
法第４条第３項調査（調査命令） ············································································· 153
法第４条第２項調査 ······························································································· 155
第５条第１項調査（調査命令） ················································································ 155
土壌汚染状況調査の対象地の範囲（法第３条～第５条） ..................................................... 156
法第３条第１項本文調査 ························································································· 156
法第３条第８項調査 ······························································································· 156
法第４条第２項調査及び法第４条第３項調査······························································ 156
法第５条第１項調査 ······························································································· 157
土壌汚染状況調査の対象地の土壌汚染のおそれの把握（地歴調査） ................................... 157
情報の入手・把握 ·································································································· 158
試料採取等対象物質の選定 ······················································································ 176
汚染のおそれの由来に応じた区分 ············································································· 179
土壌汚染状況調査の対象地の土壌汚染のおそれの把握（地歴調査）の省略（規則第 11 条）·························································································································· 183
人為等に由来する土壌汚染のおそれがある土地における土壌汚染のおそれの区分の分類 ... 184
汚染のおそれが生じた場所の位置の特定 ···································································· 184
土壌汚染のおそれの区分の分類の実施 ······································································· 185
複数の工場又は事業場の立地履歴が認められた場合の土壌汚染のおそれの区分の分類例 ···· 204
人為等由来汚染調査における試料採取等を行う区画の選定 ................................................. 205
単位区画及び 30ｍ格子の区分 ·················································································· 205

試料採取等区画の選定 ···························································································· 214
汚染のおそれが生じた場所の位置に関する情報の整理 ················································· 225
規則第４条第４項の規定により試料採取等の対象としないことができる単位区画の考え方 · 228
試料採取等を行う区画の選定等の省略 ······································································· 237
人為等由来汚染調査における試料採取等の実施 ................................................................... 238
試料採取等対象物質の種類ごとに行うべき試料採取等の方法 ········································ 238
第一種特定有害物質（揮発性有機化合物）に関する試料採取等 ····································· 238
第二種特定有害物質（重金属等）及び第三種特定有害物質（農薬等）に関する試料採取等 · 263
法第５条第１項の命令の場合の特例 ·········································································· 275
人為等由来汚染調査の結果の評価 ......................................................................................... 283
人為等由来による汚染の有無の評価 ·········································································· 283
人為等由来による土壌汚染の範囲の評価 ···································································· 283
人為等由来による土壌の汚染状態の評価 ···································································· 284
自然由来汚染調査 ................................................................................................................. 305
調査対象地の区画の設定 ························································································· 305
試料採取等を行う区画の選定 ··················································································· 306
試料採取等 ··········································································································· 314
自然由来汚染調査の結果の評価 ················································································ 326
水面埋立て土砂由来汚染調査 ................................................................................................ 335
試料採取等を行う区画の選定 ··················································································· 335
試料採取等 ··········································································································· 339
水面埋立て土砂由来汚染調査結果の評価 ···································································· 347
土壌汚染状況調査の結果の評価と報告 ................................................................................. 352
土壌汚染状況調査の結果の評価 ················································································ 352
土壌汚染状況調査の報告 ························································································· 355
土壌汚染状況調査の追完 ....................................................................................................... 367
土壌汚染状況調査の省略と追完 ················································································ 367
土壌汚染状況調査の追完に関する留意事項 ································································· 372
特例調査、自然由来汚染調査及び水面埋立て土砂由来汚染調査の省略と追完 ··················· 380
一部区域の追完に関する留意事項 ············································································· 391

要措置区域等の指定 ...................................................... 392
要措置区域等の指定の対象となる土地の区画 ....................................................................... 392
要措置区域等の指定に係る基準 ............................................................................................ 392
汚染状態に関する基準 ···························································································· 392
健康被害が生じるおそれに関する基準 ······································································· 392
要措置区域等の指定 .............................................................................................................. 396
要措置区域の指定及びその公示 ················································································ 398

形質変更時要届出区域の指定 ··················································································· 398
臨海部特例区域の指定 ···························································································· 406
要措置区域等の指定の解除 ................................................................................................... 409
要措置区域の指定の解除 ························································································· 409
形質変更時要届出区域の指定の解除 ·········································································· 410
台帳 ........................................................................................................................................ 411
指定台帳の調製 ····································································································· 411
指定台帳の訂正及び消除 ························································································· 411
解除台帳の調製 ····································································································· 412
解除台帳の訂正 ····································································································· 413
台帳の保管及び閲覧 ······························································································· 413

指定の申請 .............................................................. 414
趣旨 ....................................................................................................................................... 414
指定の申請の手続 ................................................................................................................. 414
都道府県知事による審査及び区域の指定 .............................................................................. 415
申請に係る調査に関する報告及び資料の提出並びに立入検査 .............................................. 417
その他 ................................................................................................................................... 417
汚染の除去等の措置の実施に伴う土壌汚染の拡散が見込まれる土地の区域についての指定の申請の活用 ·············································································································· 417
試料採取等を行う深さを限定して試料採取等を行った土地での汚染の除去等の措置の実施に伴う指定の申請の活用 ······························································································· 417
汚染の除去等の措置を実施した範囲について汚染状況を調査して土壌汚染が明らかとなった場
合の指定の申請の活用 ···························································································· 418
試料採取等を行う深さを限定して試料採取等を行い要措置区域等に指定された土地での土地の形質の変更の実施に伴う指定の申請の活用 ································································· 419
形質変更時要届出区域に指定されていない土地について、法第 14 条の指定の申請とともに施行管理方針の確認の申請の手続を行う場合の指定の申請 ·············································· 420
要措置区域等外へ搬出する土壌について法の対象から外すための調査（認定調査）で区域指定
対象物質以外の特定有害物質による土壌汚染が明らかとなった場合の指定の申請 ············· 421
都道府県知事による土壌汚染に関する情報の収集において基準に適合しない汚染状態になることを内容とする調査の結果が提供される場合の指定の申請 ··········································· 421

汚染の除去等の措置 ...................................................... 422
汚染の除去等の措置の考え方 ................................................................................................ 422
基本的な考え方 ····································································································· 422
具体的事項 ··········································································································· 425
汚染の除去等の措置の種類 ................................................................................................... 430

基本的な考え方 ····································································································· 430
汚染の除去等の措置の種類 ······················································································ 435
詳細調査 ................................................................................................................................ 442
詳細調査の基本的な考え方 ······················································································ 442
基準不適合土壌のある範囲及び深さを把握する調査 ···················································· 453
目標土壌溶出量を超える汚染状態にある土壌の範囲及び深さを把握する調査 ··················· 476
第二溶出量基準に適合しない汚染状態の土壌の範囲及び深さを把握する調査 ··················· 480
帯水層の底となる不透水層の深度分布等を把握する調査 ·············································· 480
目標土壌溶出量及び目標地下水濃度を検討するための調査 ··········································· 480
試料採取等を行う深さが限定された土壌汚染状況調査の結果に基づく実施措置の実施のための調査 ···················································································································· 482
汚染除去等計画の変更に伴う調査 ············································································· 484
措置対象範囲又は周辺における地下水位を把握する調査 ·············································· 484
措置の実施 ............................................................................................................................ 485
基本的な考え方 ····································································································· 485
措置の汚染除去等計画立案において確認すべき事項 ···················································· 486
地下水の摂取等によるリスクに係る各措置の実施 ······················································· 522
直接摂取によるリスクに係る各措置の実施 ································································· 608
実施措置の実施に伴う周辺環境保全対策 ···································································· 625
措置の完了 ............................................................................................................................ 633
基本的な考え方 ····································································································· 633
措置の完了の確認 ·································································································· 634
措置の完了後の効果の維持 ······················································································ 658
記録と保管 ··········································································································· 658
要措置区域の指定の解除の要件 ............................................................................................ 661
基本的な考え方 ····································································································· 661
汚染の除去等の措置の実施 ······················································································ 662
土壌汚染状況調査の追完や詳細調査実施による指定の解除 ··········································· 662
要措置区域の指定の解除の手続 ················································································ 663
汚染の除去等の措置の実施に伴い法第 14 条を申請した場合の要措置区域の解除 ·············· 665
形質変更時要届出区域の指定の解除の要件 .......................................................................... 668
基本的な考え方 ····································································································· 668
土壌汚染の除去の実施 ···························································································· 668
土壌汚染状況調査の追完や詳細調査に準じた調査による指定の解除 ······························· 669
形質変更時要届出区域の指定の解除の手続 ································································· 672
措置の効果の維持（点検の方法と異常時の対応） ................................................................ 674
基本的な考え方 ····································································································· 674
実施措置ごとの通常の点検の方法と異常時の対応 ······················································· 674
要措置区域等における土地の形質の変更 .............................................................................. 677

基本的な考え方 ····································································································· 677
要措置区域の土地の形質の変更に係る管理 ································································· 680
形質変更時要届出区域の土地の形質の変更に係る管理 ················································· 690
土地の形質の変更届に添付する調査（土壌汚染状況調査において試料採取等の対象とする深さを限定した場合） ·································································································· 704
記録とその保管 ····································································································· 724
要措置区域等外へ土壌を搬出する場合 ................................................................................. 726
要措置区域等外への土壌の搬出と認定調査 ································································· 726
認定調査の基本的な考え方 ······················································································ 728
認定調査の種類 ····································································································· 730
認定調査時地歴調査 ······························································································· 730
試料採取等の対象とする特定有害物質の特定······························································ 732
認定調査時地歴調査において「自然由来の土壌汚染のおそれがないといえない第二種特定有害物質（シアンを除く。）」の判断に係る調査（参考） ···················································· 744
試料採取等を行う区画の選定及び試料採取頻度 ·························································· 744
掘削前調査 ··········································································································· 750
掘削後調査 ··········································································································· 768
認定調査の方法が掘削前調査に限定される事例 ·························································· 776
搬出土壌の調査の結果の評価 ··················································································· 776
要措置区域等の指定後に行われた試料採取等調査結果の取扱い ····································· 784

臨海部特例区域 .......................................................... 792
概要 ....................................................................................................................................... 792
臨海部特例区域の土地の要件 ................................................................................................ 794
汚染が専ら自然又は水面埋立てに用いられた土砂に由来するものの要件 ························· 794
人の健康に係る被害が生ずるおそれがない土地であることの要件 ·································· 800
土地の形質の変更の施行管理方針の確認 .............................................................................. 801
土地の形質の変更の施行管理方針の確認の申請 ·························································· 801
土地の形質の変更の施行管理方針に係る基準······························································ 808
土地の形質の変更に関する事項の事後届出 .......................................................................... 812
施行管理方針の確認を受けた土地内における土地の形質の変更届出書 ···························· 815
施行管理方針の確認を受けた土地の汚染状態が人為等に由来することが確認された場合等の届
出書 ···················································································································· 818
土地の形質の変更の施行管理方針の変更等 .......................................................................... 818
土地の形質の変更の施行管理方針の変更 ···································································· 818
土地の形質の変更の施行管理方針の廃止 ···································································· 819
土地の形質の変更の施行管理方針の確認の取消し ······················································· 821
台帳記載事項 ......................................................................................................................... 822

表
略称

法、施行令、施行規則、省令、通知の略称
内容

平成 29 年改正法

「土壌汚染対策法の一部を改正する法律」（平成 29 年法律第 33 号）

法

平成 29 年改正法による改正後の「土壌汚染対策法」（平成 14 年法
律第 53 号）

制定法

平成 15 年２月 15 日に施行された「土壌汚染対策法」

平成 21 年改正法

平成 22 年４月の「土壌汚染対策法の一部を改正する法律」（平成 21
年法律第 23 号）

旧法

平成 21 年改正法による改正後かつ平成 29 年改正法による改正前の「土壌汚染対策法」

第二段階改正令「土壌汚染対策法施行令の一部を改正する政令」（平成 30 年政令第283 号）

令第二段階改正令による改正後の「土壌汚染対策法施行令」（平成 14
年政令第 336 号）

第二段階改正規則「土壌汚染対策法施行規則の一部を改正する省令」（平成 31 年環境省令第３号）

規則

第二段階改正規則による改正後の「土壌汚染対策法施行規則」（平成 14 年環境省令第 29 号）

第二段階改正処理業省令「汚染土壌処理業に関する省令の一部を改正する省令」（平成 31 年
環境省令第４号）

処理業省令

第二段階改正処理業省令による改正後の「汚染土壌処理業に関する省令」（平成 21 年環境省令第 10 号）

第一段階改正指定調査機関
等省令「土壌汚染対策法に基づく指定調査機関及び指定支援法人に関する省令の一部を改正する省令」（平成 29 年環境省令第 31 号）

第二段階改正指定調査機関
等省令「土壌汚染対策法に基づく指定調査機関及び指定支援法人に関する省令の一部を改正する省令」（平成 31 年環境省令第５号）

指定調査機関等省令

第二段階改正指定調査機関等省令による改正後の「土壌汚染対策法に基づく指定調査機関及び指定支援法人に関する省令」（平成 14 年
環境省令第 23 号）

通知「土壌汚染対策法の一部を改正する法律による改正後の土壌汚染
対 策 法の 施 行 に つ い て 」（ 平 成 31 年 ３月 １ 日 付 環 水大 土 発 第1903015 号環境省水・大気環境局長通知）

旧施行通知「土壌汚染対策法の一部を改正する法律による改正後の土壌汚染対策法の施行について」（平成 22 年３月５日付け環水大土発第100305002 号環境省水・大気環境局長通知）

表

その他、本ガイドラインにおいて使用している略称

略称
調査 16 号告示
調査 17 号告示
調査 18 号告示
調査 19 号告示内容
「土壌ガス調査に係る採取及び測定の方法を定める件」（平成 15 年３月６日環境省告示第 16 号）「地下水に含まれる調査対象物質の量の測定方法を定める件」（平成 15 年
３月６日環境省告示第 17 号）「土壌溶出量調査に係る測定方法を定める件」（平成 15 年３月６日環境省告示第 18 号）「土壌含有量調査に係る測定方法を定める件」（平成 15 年３月６日環境省告示第 19 号）

（参考資料）
Appendix-1. 特定有害物質を含む地下水が到達し得る『一定の範囲』の考え方
Appendix-2. 地下水の飲用利用等の判断基準
Appendix-3. 自然由来による基準不適合土壌の判断方法及びその解説
Appendix-4. 地表から一定の深さまでに帯水層がない旨の確認に係る手続
Appendix-5. 土壌ガス調査に係る採取及び測定の方法
Appendix-6. 地下水に含まれる試料採取等対象物質の量の測定方法
Appendix-7. 地下水試料採取方法
Appendix-8. 第二種特定有害物質及び第三種特定有害物質に係る土壌試料採取方法
Appendix-9. 土壌溶出量調査に係る測定方法
Appendix-10. 土壌含有量調査に係る測定方法
Appendix-11. ボーリング調査方法
Appendix-12. 土壌溶出量基準に適合しない汚染状態にある要措置区域等内の帯水層に接する場合における土地の形質の変更の施行方法の基準
Appendix-13. 埋立地管理区域内において認められる土地の形質の変更の施行方法の基準
Appendix-14. 措置完了条件としての目標土壌溶出量及び目標地下水濃度について
Appendix-15. 要措置区域外から搬入された土壌を使用する場合における当該土壌の特定有害物質による汚染状態の調査方法
Appendix-16. その他（規則様式）
Appendix-17. 測定方法に係る補足事項
Appendix-18. 地歴調査チェックリスト
Appendix-19. 資料調査において入手・把握する資料（参考例）
Appendix-20. 土壌汚染対策法の適用外となる岩盤
Appendix-21. 実施措置において措置の効果を確認するための観測井の設置深さ
Appendix-22. 汚染除去等計画を作成するに当たって、汚染の除去等の処理方法の適用性を確認する
方法
Appendix-23. 盛土措置における盛土材料に砕石を用いる場合の留意点
Appendix-24. 汚染除去等計画、工事完了報告及び実施措置完了報告における記載事項並びに記載例
Appendix-25. 土壌汚染状況調査結果概要、特定有害物質のリスト、地歴調査結果、試料採取の方法、試料採取等の結果、深さを限定した土壌汚染状況調査の結果の記入シート
Appendix-26. 土壌汚染状況調査の契機
Appendix-27. 土壌汚染状況調査の対象地の土壌汚染のおそれの把握等（地歴調査）における過去の調
査結果の利用