IPA Extensions
Range: 0250–02AF
This file contains an excerpt from the character code tables and list of character names for
The Unicode Standard, Version 16.0
This file may be changed at any time without notice to reflect errata, or other updates to the Unicode Standard.
See https://www.unicode.org/errata/ for an up-to-date list of errata.
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https://www.unicode.org/Public/16.0.0/charts/ for a complete archived file of character code charts for Unicode 16.0. See
https://www.unicode.org/charts/About.html#Conventions for conventions used in these code charts, and other general
information.
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These charts are provided as the online reference to the character contents of the Unicode Standard, Version 16.0 but do
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See https://www.unicode.org/ucd/ and https://www.unicode.org/reports/
A thorough understanding of the information contained in these additional sources is required for a successful
implementation.
Fonts
The shapes of the reference glyphs used in these code charts are not prescriptive. Considerable variation is to be
expected in actual fonts.
See https://www.unicode.org/charts/fonts.html for a list.
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0250

IPA Extensions

025
0

9

A

C

D

E

0261

0271

0281

ʢ
02A2

0262

0272

ɓ ɣ ɳ ʃ
0263

0273

0283

ɔ ɤ ɴ ʄ
0264

0274

0284

ʓ ʣ
0293

02A3

ʔ ʤ
0294

02A4

ɕ ɥ ɵ

ʅ

ʕ ʥ

0275

0285

0295

0265

ɖ ɦ ɶ ʆ
0266

0276

0286

ɗ ɧ ɷ ʇ
0287

02A5

ʖ ʦ
0296

02A6

ʗ ʧ
0297

02A7

0267

0277

ɘ

ɨ

ɸ

ʈ ʘ ʨ

0258

0268

0278

0288

0298

02A8

ə

ɩ

ɹ

ʉ ʙ ʩ

0259

0269

0279

0289

0299

02A9

ɚ ɪ

ɺ

ʊ ʚ ʪ

026A

027A

028A

029A

02AA

ɛ

ɫ

ɻ

ʋ ʛ ʫ

025B

026B

027B

028B

029B

02AB

ɜ

ɬ

ɼ

ʌ ʜ ʬ

025C

026C

027C

028C

029C

02AC

ɝ

ɭ

ɽ ʍ ʝ

ʭ

025D

026D

027D

029D

02AD

ɞ ɮ ɾ
025E

F

02A0

ʒ

025A

B

0290

0292

0257

8

0280

0282

0256

7

0270

ɒ ɢ ɲ ʂ

0255

6

0260

ʡ

0254

5

02A

02A1

0253

4

029

0291

0252

3

028

ɑ ɡ ɱ ʁ ʑ
0251

2

027

ɐ ɠ ɰ ʀ ʐ ʠ
0250

1

026

02AF

026E

027E

028D

ʎ ʞ
028E

029E

02AE

ɟ ɯ ɿ ʏ ʟ ʯ
025F

026F

027F

028F

029F

02AF

The Unicode Standard, Version 16.0, Copyright © 1991-2024 Unicode, Inc. All rights reserved.

25

0250

IPA Extensions

0266

0259

ə

025A

ɚ

025B

ɛ

025C

ɜ

025D

ɝ

025E

ɞ

025F

ɟ

0260

ɠ

0261

ɡ

0262

ɢ

0263

ɣ

0264

ɤ

0265

ɥ

0266

ɦ

LATIN SMALL LETTER SCHWA• mid-central unrounded vowel• uppercase is 018F Ə• variant uppercase form 018E Ǝ is associatedwith 01DD ǝ→ 01DD ǝ latin small letter turned e→ 04D9 ә cyrillic small letter schwa
LATIN SMALL LETTER SCHWA WITH HOOK
• rhotacized schwa
LATIN SMALL LETTER OPEN E= epsilon• lower-mid front unrounded vowel• uppercase is 0190 Ɛ→ 03B5 ε greek small letter epsilon→ 0511 ԑ cyrillic small letter reversed ze
LATIN SMALL LETTER REVERSED OPEN E= reversed epsilon• lower-mid central unrounded vowel• uppercase is A7AB Ɜ→ 0437 з cyrillic small letter ze→ 1D08 ᴈ latin small letter turned open e
LATIN SMALL LETTER REVERSED OPEN E WITH
HOOK
• rhotacized lower-mid central vowel
LATIN SMALL LETTER CLOSED REVERSEDOPEN E= closed reversed epsilon• lower-mid central rounded vowel→ 029A ʚ latin small letter closed open e
LATIN SMALL LETTER DOTLESS J WITH STROKE• voiced palatal stop
• typographically a turned f, but better thoughtof as a form of j
• “gy” in Hungarian orthography• also archaic phonetic for palatoalveolar affricate
02A4 ʤ
LATIN SMALL LETTER G WITH HOOK
• implosive velar stop
• uppercase is 0193 Ɠ
LATIN SMALL LETTER SCRIPT G• voiced velar stop
• uppercase is A7AC Ɡ→ 0067 g latin small letter g→ 210A ℊ script small g
LATIN LETTER SMALL CAPITAL G• voiced uvular stop
LATIN SMALL LETTER GAMMA• voiced velar fricative• uppercase is 0194 Ɣ→ 03B3 γ greek small letter gamma
LATIN SMALL LETTER RAMS HORN
= latin small letter baby gamma (1.0)• upper-mid back unrounded vowel• uppercase is A7CB Ɤ
LATIN SMALL LETTER TURNED H• voiced rounded palatal approximant• uppercase is A78D Ɥ
LATIN SMALL LETTER H WITH HOOK
• breathy-voiced glottal fricative• uppercase is A7AA Ɦ• uppercase in Nawdm is 0124 Ĥ→ 02B1 ʱ modifier letter small h with hook

IPA extensions
IPA includes basic Latin letters and a number of Latin or Greek
letters from other blocks.
→ 00E6 æ latin small letter ae→ 00E7 ç latin small letter c with cedilla→ 00F0 ð latin small letter eth→ 00F8 ø latin small letter o with stroke→ 0127 ħ latin small letter h with stroke→ 014B ŋ latin small letter eng→ 0153 œ latin small ligature oe→ 03B2 β greek small letter beta
→ 03B8 θ greek small letter theta→ 03BB λ greek small letter lamda→ 03C7 χ greek small letter chi
Many of the IPA characters in this block are also used insignificant orthographies, such as those for African
languages.
0250 ɐ LATIN SMALL LETTER TURNED A• low central unrounded vowel• uppercase is 2C6F Ɐ
0251 ɑ LATIN SMALL LETTER ALPHA= latin small letter script a (1.0)• low back unrounded vowel• the representative glyph appears like anallograph of Latin “a”, but sometimes thecharacter is rendered more like a Greek “α”• uppercase is 2C6D Ɑ→ 03B1 α greek small letter alpha0252 ɒ LATIN SMALL LETTER TURNED ALPHA• low back rounded vowel• uppercase is 2C70 Ɒ→ AB64 ꭤ latin small letter inverted alpha0253 ɓ LATIN SMALL LETTER B WITH HOOK
• implosive bilabial stop
• uppercase is 0181 Ɓ→ 0431 б cyrillic small letter be0254 ɔ LATIN SMALL LETTER OPEN O• typographically a turned c• lower-mid back rounded vowel• in older Danish usage “ɔ:” stands for “that is”• uppercase is 0186 Ɔ→ 1D10 ᴐ latin letter small capital open o→ 2184 ↄ latin small letter reversed c0255 ɕ LATIN SMALL LETTER C WITH CURL
• voiceless alveolo-palatal laminal fricative• used in transcription of Mandarin Chinese• sound spelled with 015B ś in Polish0256 ɖ LATIN SMALL LETTER D WITH TAIL
= d retroflex hook
• voiced retroflex stop
• uppercase is 0189 Ɖ
0257 ɗ LATIN SMALL LETTER D WITH HOOK
• implosive dental or alveolar stop
• Ewe, Pan-Nigerian alphabet• uppercase is 018A Ɗ
0258 ɘ LATIN SMALL LETTER REVERSED E• upper-mid central unrounded vowel

26

The Unicode Standard, Version 16.0, Copyright © 1991-2024 Unicode, Inc. All rights reserved.

0267

0267

0268

0269

026A

026B

026C

026D

026E
026F

0270
0271

0272

IPA Extensions

ɧ

LATIN SMALL LETTER HENG WITH HOOK
• voiceless coarticulated velar and palatoalveolar
fricative• “sj” in some Swedish dialects→ A727 ꜧ latin small letter heng
ɨ LATIN SMALL LETTER I WITH STROKE= barred i, i bar• high central unrounded vowel• uppercase is 0197 Ɨ• ISO 6438 gives lowercase of 0197 Ɨ as 026A ɪ ,not 0268 ɨ→ 1D7B ᵻ latin small capital letter i with stroke
ɩ LATIN SMALL LETTER IOTA
• semi-high front unrounded vowel• obsoleted by IPA in 1989
• preferred use is 026A ɪ latin letter small capital i• uppercase is 0196 Ɩ→ 0131 ı latin small letter dotless i→ 03B9 ι greek small letter iota
→ A647 ꙇ cyrillic small letter iota
→ 1D6A4 𝚤 mathematical italic small dotless i
ɪ LATIN LETTER SMALL CAPITAL I• semi-high front unrounded vowel• preferred IPA alternate for 0269 ɩ• uppercase is A7AE Ɪ• ISO 6438 gives this as lowercase of 0197 Ɨ
instead of 0268 ɨ• glyph should have top and bottom serifs evenin sans serif IPA font designs, to avoid
confusion with lowercase l→ 0131 ı latin small letter dotless i
ɫ LATIN SMALL LETTER L WITH MIDDLE TILDE• velarized voiced alveolar lateral approximant• uppercase is 2C62 Ɫ→ 0142 ł latin small letter l with stroke→ AB37 ꬷ latin small letter l with inverted lazy s→ AB38 ꬸ latin small letter l with double middle
tildeɬ LATIN SMALL LETTER L WITH BELT
• voiceless alveolar lateral fricative• uppercase is A7AD Ɬ→ 019A ƚ latin small letter l with bar
ɭ LATIN SMALL LETTER L WITH RETROFLEX
HOOK• voiced retroflex lateral→ A78E ꞎ latin small letter l with retroflex hookand belt
ɮ LATIN SMALL LETTER LEZH
• voiced lateral fricative• “dhl” in Zulu orthography
ɯ LATIN SMALL LETTER TURNED M• high back unrounded vowel• uppercase is 019C Ɯ→ A7FA ꟺ latin letter small capital turned mɰ LATIN SMALL LETTER TURNED M WITH LONG
LEG
• voiced velar approximant
ɱ LATIN SMALL LETTER M WITH HOOK
• voiced labiodental nasal• uppercase is 2C6E Ɱ→ 1D86 ᶆ latin small letter m with palatal hook
ɲ LATIN SMALL LETTER N WITH LEFT HOOK
• voiced palatal nasal• uppercase is 019D Ɲ

027F

0273

ɳ LATIN SMALL LETTER N WITH RETROFLEX

0274

ɴ

0275

ɵ

0276

ɶ

0277

ɷ

0278

ɸ

0279

ɹ

027A

ɺ

027B

ɻ

027C

ɼ

027D

ɽ

027E

ɾ

027F

ɿ

HOOK
• voiced retroflex nasal
LATIN LETTER SMALL CAPITAL N• voiced uvular nasal
LATIN SMALL LETTER BARRED O= o bar• rounded mid-central vowel, i.e. rounded schwa• uppercase is 019F Ɵ→ 03B8 θ greek small letter theta→ 0473 ѳ cyrillic small letter fita
→ 04E9 ө cyrillic small letter barred o
LATIN LETTER SMALL CAPITAL OE• low front rounded vowel→ 0153 œ latin small ligature oe
LATIN SMALL LETTER CLOSED OMEGA• near-close near-back rounded vowel• obsoleted by IPA in 1989
• preferred use is 028A ʊ latin small letter upsilon→ A7B7 ꞷ latin small letter omega→ AB65 ꭥ greek letter small capital omega
LATIN SMALL LETTER PHI• voiceless bilabial fricative• this is a non-casing letter→ 03C6 φ greek small letter phi→ 03D5 ϕ greek phi symbol→ 2C77 ⱷ latin small letter tailless phi
LATIN SMALL LETTER TURNED R• voiced alveolar approximant→ 02B4 ʴ modifier letter small turned r
LATIN SMALL LETTER TURNED R WITH LONG
LEG
• voiced lateral flap
LATIN SMALL LETTER TURNED R WITH HOOK
• voiced retroflex approximant→ 02B5 ʵ modifier letter small turned r withhook
LATIN SMALL LETTER R WITH LONG LEG• voiced strident apico-alveolar trill• obsoleted by IPA in 1989
• this sound is spelled with 0159 ř in Czech• preferred phonetic representation for Czech is0072 r 031D $̝
• in current use in Gaelic types (as glyph variantof 0072 r )→ A783 ꞃ latin small letter insular r→ A785 ꞅ latin small letter insular s
LATIN SMALL LETTER R WITH TAIL
• voiced retroflex flap
• uppercase is 2C64 Ɽ→ 2C79 ⱹ latin small letter turned r with tail
LATIN SMALL LETTER R WITH FISHHOOK• voiced alveolar flap or tap→ 017F ſ latin small letter long s
LATIN SMALL LETTER REVERSED R WITH
FISHHOOK= long leg turned iota (a misnomer)• apical dental vowel• used by linguists working on Chinese and other
Sino-Tibetan languages• IPA spelling - 007A z 0329 $̩
• preferred presentation is with a descender

The Unicode Standard, Version 16.0, Copyright © 1991-2024 Unicode, Inc. All rights reserved.

27

0280

0280

ʀ

0281

ʁ

0282

ʂ

0283

ʃ

0284

ʄ

0285

ʅ

0286

ʆ

0287

ʇ

0288

ʈ

0289

ʉ

028A

ʊ

028B

28

ʋ

IPA Extensions

0299

028C

ʌ

028D

ʍ

028E

ʎ

028F

ʏ

0290

ʐ

0291

ʑ

0292

ʒ

0293

ʓ

0294

ʔ

0295

ʕ

0296

ʖ

0297

ʗ

0298

ʘ

0299

ʙ

LATIN SMALL LETTER TURNED V= caret, wedge• lower-mid back unrounded vowel• uppercase is 0245 Ʌ→ 039B Λ greek capital letter lamda→ 1D27 ᴧ greek letter small capital lamda→ 2227 ∧ logical and
LATIN SMALL LETTER TURNED W• voiceless rounded labiovelar approximant→ AB69 ꭩ modifier letter small turned w
LATIN SMALL LETTER TURNED Y• voiced lateral approximant
LATIN LETTER SMALL CAPITAL Y• semi-high front rounded vowel
LATIN SMALL LETTER Z WITH RETROFLEX
HOOK• voiced retroflex fricative
LATIN SMALL LETTER Z WITH CURL
• voiced alveolo-palatal laminal fricative• sound spelled with 017A ź in Polish
LATIN SMALL LETTER EZH= dram sign
• voiced postalveolar fricative• mistakenly named yogh in Unicode 1.0• uppercase is 01B7 Ʒ• Skolt Sami
→ 021D ȝ latin small letter yogh
→ 04E1 ӡ cyrillic small letter abkhasian dze→ 2125 ℥ ounce sign
→ 1F772 Ħ alchemical symbol for half dram→ 2CF01 컔
LATIN SMALL LETTER EZH WITH CURL
• palatalized voiced postalveolar fricative
LATIN LETTER GLOTTAL STOP
• this is a caseless letter• used in IPA, other phonetic notations, andthose orthographies which use a caselessglottal stop
→ 0241 Ɂ latin capital letter glottal stop
→ 02C0 ˀ modifier letter glottal stop
LATIN LETTER PHARYNGEAL VOICED FRICATIVE= reversed glottal stop
• voiced pharyngeal fricative• ain→ 01B9 ƹ latin small letter ezh reversed→ 02C1 ˁ modifier letter reversed glottal stop
LATIN LETTER INVERTED GLOTTAL STOP
• lateral click→ 01C1 ǁ latin letter lateral click
LATIN LETTER STRETCHED C• palatal (or alveolar) click→ 01C3 ǃ latin letter retroflex click→ 2201 ∁ complement
LATIN LETTER BILABIAL CLICK= bullseye• this is a non-casing letter→ 2299 ⊙ circled dot operator→ A668 Ꙩ cyrillic capital letter monocular o
LATIN LETTER SMALL CAPITAL B• bilabial trill→ 0432 в cyrillic small letter ve

LATIN LETTER SMALL CAPITAL R• voiced uvular trill• Germanic, Old Norse• uppercase is 01A6 Ʀ
LATIN LETTER SMALL CAPITAL INVERTED R• voiced uvular fricative or approximant→ 02B6 ʶ modifier letter small capital inverted r
LATIN SMALL LETTER S WITH HOOK
• voiceless retroflex fricative• uppercase is A7C5 Ʂ
LATIN SMALL LETTER ESH• voiceless postalveolar fricative• uppercase is 01A9 Ʃ→ 222B ∫ integral→ AB4D ꭍ latin small letter baseline esh
LATIN SMALL LETTER DOTLESS J WITH STROKEAND HOOK• implosive palatal stop
• typographically based on 025F ɟ , not on
0283 ʃ
LATIN SMALL LETTER SQUAT REVERSED ESH• apical retroflex vowel• used by linguists working on Chinese and other
Sino-Tibetan languages• IPA spelling - 0290 ʐ 0329 $̩
• in origin 027F ɿ plus the retroflex hook 0322 $̢ ,despite its name• preferred presentation is with a descender
LATIN SMALL LETTER ESH WITH CURL
• palatalized voiceless postalveolar fricative• suggested spelling - 0283 ʃ 02B2 ʲ
LATIN SMALL LETTER TURNED T• dental click (sound of “tsk tsk”)• uppercase is A7B1 Ʇ→ 01C0 ǀ latin letter dental click
LATIN SMALL LETTER T WITH RETROFLEX
HOOK• voiceless retroflex stop
• uppercase is 01AE Ʈ→ 01AD ƭ latin small letter t with hook
→ 1DF09 𝼉 latin small letter t with hook andretroflex hook
LATIN SMALL LETTER U BAR• high central rounded vowel• uppercase is 0244 Ʉ→ 1D7E ᵾ latin small capital letter u with stroke
LATIN SMALL LETTER UPSILON• near-close near-back rounded vowel• typographically, a turned Greek small capitalomega AB65 ꭥ• preferred IPA alternate to 0277 ɷ• uppercase is 01B1 Ʊ→ 03C5 υ greek small letter upsilon
LATIN SMALL LETTER V WITH HOOK
= latin small letter script v (1.0)• voiced labiodental approximant• uppercase is 01B2 Ʋ→ 03C5 υ greek small letter upsilon

The Unicode Standard, Version 16.0, Copyright © 1991-2024 Unicode, Inc. All rights reserved.

029A

029A

IPA Extensions

ʚ LATIN SMALL LETTER CLOSED OPEN E= closed epsilon• lower-mid front rounded vowel• non-IPA alternate for the preferred 0153 œ→ 025E ɞ latin small letter closed reversed
open e029B ʛ LATIN LETTER SMALL CAPITAL G WITH HOOK
• voiced uvular implosive
029C ʜ LATIN LETTER SMALL CAPITAL H• voiceless epiglottal fricative→ 043D н cyrillic small letter en→ 1D34 ᴴ modifier letter capital h→ A7F8 ꟸ modifier letter capital h with stroke
029D ʝ LATIN SMALL LETTER J WITH CROSSED-TAIL• voiced palatal fricative• uppercase is A7B2 Ʝ
029E ʞ LATIN SMALL LETTER TURNED K• proposed for velar click• uppercase is A7B0 Ʞ• withdrawn by IPA in 1970
→ 1DF10 𝼐 latin letter small capital turned k
029F ʟ LATIN LETTER SMALL CAPITAL L• velar lateral approximant
02A0 ʠ LATIN SMALL LETTER Q WITH HOOK
• voiceless uvular implosive
02A1 ʡ LATIN LETTER GLOTTAL STOP WITH STROKE• voiced epiglottal stop
02A2 ʢ LATIN LETTER REVERSED GLOTTAL STOP WITH
STROKE• voiced epiglottal fricative
02A3 ʣ LATIN SMALL LETTER DZ DIGRAPH• voiced dental affricate→ AB66 ꭦ latin small letter dz digraph withretroflex hook
02A4 ʤ LATIN SMALL LETTER DEZH DIGRAPH• voiced postalveolar affricate
02A5 ʥ LATIN SMALL LETTER DZ DIGRAPH WITH CURL
• voiced alveolo-palatal affricate
02A6 ʦ LATIN SMALL LETTER TS DIGRAPH• voiceless dental affricate→ 01BE ƾ latin letter inverted glottal stop withstroke→ AB67 ꭧ latin small letter ts digraph withretroflex hook
02A7 ʧ LATIN SMALL LETTER TESH DIGRAPH• voiceless postalveolar affricate→ A729 ꜩ latin small letter tz
02A8 ʨ LATIN SMALL LETTER TC DIGRAPH WITH CURL
• voiceless alveolo-palatal affricate

02AF

02AF

ʯ LATIN SMALL LETTER TURNED H WITH
FISHHOOK AND TAIL

IPA characters for disordered speech
02A9 ʩ LATIN SMALL LETTER FENG DIGRAPH• velopharyngeal fricative
02AA ʪ LATIN SMALL LETTER LS DIGRAPH• lateral alveolar fricative (lisp)
02AB ʫ LATIN SMALL LETTER LZ DIGRAPH• voiced lateral alveolar fricative
02AC ʬ LATIN LETTER BILABIAL PERCUSSIVE• audible lip smack
02AD ʭ LATIN LETTER BIDENTAL PERCUSSIVE• audible teeth gnashing
Additions for Sinology
02AE
LATIN SMALL LETTER TURNED H WITH
FISHHOOKThe Unicode Standard, Version 16.0, Copyright © 1991-2024 Unicode, Inc. All rights reserved.

29