Combining Diacritical Marks
Range: 0300–036F
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0300

Combining Diacritical Marks

030
0

0351

0361

0312

0322

0332

0342

0352

0362

0313

0323

0333

0343

0353

0363

0314

0324

0334

0344

0354

0364

0315

0325

0335

0345

0355

0365

0316

0326

0336

0346

0356

0366

0317

0327

0337

0347

0357

0367

0318

0328

0338

0348

0358

0368

0319

0329

0339

0349

0359

0369

031A

032A

033A

034A

035A

036A

031B

032B

033B

034B

035B

036B

031C

032C

033C

034C

035C

036C

031D

032D

033D

034D

035D

036D

031E

032E

033E

034E

035E

036E

$̏ $̟ $̯ $̿  $
030F

34

0341

$̎ $̞ $̮ $̾ $͎ $
030E

F

0331

$̍ $̝ $̭ $̽ $͍ $
030D

E

0321

$̌ $̜ $̬ $̼ $͌ $
030C

D

0311

$̋ $̛ $̫ $̻ $͋ $
030B

C

0360

$̊ $̚ $̪ $̺ $͊ $
030A

B

0350

$̉ $̙ $̩ $̹ $͉ $
0309

A

0340

$̈ $̘ $̨ $̸ $͈ $
0308

9

0330

$̇ $̗ $̧ $̷ $͇ $
0307

8

0320

$̆ $̖ $̦ $̶ $͆ $
0306

7

0310

$̅ $̕ $̥ $̵ $ͅ $
0305

6036

$̄ $̔ $̤ $̴ $̈́ $
0304

5035

$̃ $̓ $̣ $̳ $̓ $
0303

4034

$̂ $̒ $̢ $̲ $͂ $ $͢
0302

3033

$́ $̑ $̡ $̱ $́ $ $͡
0301

2032

$̀ $̐ $̠ $̰ $̀ $͐ $͠
0300

1031

036F

031F

032F

033F

034F

035F

036F

The Unicode Standard, Version 16.0, Copyright © 1991-2024 Unicode, Inc. All rights reserved.

0300

Combining Diacritical Marks

Ordinary diacritics
0300 $̀ COMBINING GRAVE ACCENT= Greek varia• Pinyin: marks Mandarin Chinese fourth tone
→ 0060 ` grave accent→ 02CB ˋ modifier letter grave accent
0301 $́ COMBINING ACUTE ACCENT= stress mark= Greek oxia, tonos• Pinyin: marks Mandarin Chinese second tone
→ 0027 ' apostrophe→ 00B4 ´ acute accent→ 02B9 ʹ modifier letter prime→ 02CA ˊ modifier letter acute accent→ 0384 ΄ greek tonos
0302 $̂ COMBINING CIRCUMFLEX ACCENT= hat→ 005E ^ circumflex accent→ 02C6 ˆ modifier letter circumflex accent
0303 $̃ COMBINING TILDE• IPA: nasalization• Vietnamese tone mark→ 007E ~ tilde→ 02DC ˜ small tilde
0304 $̄ COMBINING MACRON= long• Pinyin: marks Mandarin Chinese first tone
• distinguish from the following→ 00AF ¯ macron→ 02C9 ˉ modifier letter macron
0305 $̅ COMBINING OVERLINE= overscore, vinculum• connects on left and right→ 00AF ¯ macron
0306 $̆ COMBINING BREVE= short= Greek vrachy→ 02D8 ˘ breve→ A67C $꙼ combining cyrillic kavyka
0307 $̇ COMBINING DOT ABOVE= derivative (Newtonian notation)• IPA (withdrawn in 1976): palatalization→ 02D9 ˙ dot above
0308 $̈ COMBINING DIAERESIS= double dot above, umlaut= Greek dialytika= double derivative→ 00A8 ¨ diaeresis0309 $̉ COMBINING HOOK ABOVE= hoi• kerns left or right of circumflex over vowels• Vietnamese tone mark→ 02C0 ˀ modifier letter glottal stop
030A $̊ COMBINING RING ABOVE→ 00B0 ° degree sign
→ 02DA ˚ ring above
030B $̋ COMBINING DOUBLE ACUTE ACCENT• Hungarian, Chuvash→ 0022 " quotation mark→ 02BA ʺ modifier letter double prime→ 02DD ˝ double acute accent

030C$̌

030D$̍

030E$̎

030F$̏

0310

$̐

0311

$̑

0312$̒

0313

$̓

0314

$̔

0315

$̕

0316
0317
0318

$̖
$̗
$̘

0319

$̙

031A

$̚

031B

$̛

031C

$̜

031D

$̝

031E

$̞

031F

$̟

0320

$̠

0320

COMBINING CARON= hacek, V above• Pinyin: marks Mandarin Chinese third tone
→ 02C7 ˇ caron
COMBINING VERTICAL LINE ABOVE• this is not the Greek tonos• Marshallese→ 02C8 ˈ modifier letter vertical line
COMBINING DOUBLE VERTICAL LINE ABOVE• Marshallese→ 0022 " quotation mark
COMBINING DOUBLE GRAVE ACCENT• Serbian and Croatian phonetics
COMBINING CANDRABINDU→ 0901 $ँ devanagari sign candrabindu
COMBINING INVERTED BREVE→ 0484 $҄ combining cyrillic palatalization→ 0487 $҇ combining cyrillic pokrytie
COMBINING TURNED COMMA ABOVE= cedilla above• Latvian (but not used in decomposition)→ 02BB ʻ modifier letter turned comma
COMBINING COMMA ABOVE= Greek psili, smooth breathing mark• Americanist: ejective or glottalization→ 02BC ʼ modifier letter apostrophe→ 0486 $҆ combining cyrillic psili pneumata→ 055A ՚ armenian apostrophe
COMBINING REVERSED COMMA ABOVE= Greek dasia, rough breathing mark→ 02BD ʽ modifier letter reversed comma→ 0485 $҅ combining cyrillic dasia pneumata→ 0559 ՙ armenian modifier letter left half ring
COMBINING COMMA ABOVE RIGHT→ 02BC ʼ modifier letter apostrophe
COMBINING GRAVE ACCENT BELOWCOMBINING ACUTE ACCENT BELOWCOMBINING LEFT TACK BELOW→ AB6A ꭪ modifier letter left tack
COMBINING RIGHT TACK BELOW→ AB6B ꭫ modifier letter right tack
COMBINING LEFT ANGLE ABOVE• IPA: unreleased stop
COMBINING HORN
• Vietnamese
COMBINING LEFT HALF RING BELOW• IPA: open variety of vowel→ 02D5 ˕ modifier letter down tack
COMBINING UP TACK BELOW• IPA: vowel raising or closing→ 02D4 ˔ modifier letter up tack
COMBINING DOWN TACK BELOW• IPA: vowel lowering or opening→ 02D5 ˕ modifier letter down tack
COMBINING PLUS SIGN BELOW• IPA: advanced or fronted articulation→ 02D6 ˖ modifier letter plus sign
→ 1AC8 $᫈ combining plus sign above
COMBINING MINUS SIGN BELOW• IPA: retracted or backed articulation• glyph may have small end-serifs→ 02D7 ˗ modifier letter minus signThe Unicode Standard, Version 16.0, Copyright © 1991-2024 Unicode, Inc. All rights reserved.

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0321

Combining Diacritical Marks

0321

$̡

0322

$̢

0323

$̣

0324

$̤

0325

$̥

0326

$̦

0327

$̧

0328

$̨

0329

$̩

032A

$̪

032B

$̫

032C

$̬

032D

$̭

032E

$̮

032F

$̯

0330

$̰

0331

$̱

36

COMBINING PALATALIZED HOOK BELOW• IPA: palatalization→ 02B2 ʲ modifier letter small j
COMBINING RETROFLEX HOOK BELOW• IPA: retroflexion
COMBINING DOT BELOW= nang• IPA: closer variety of vowel• Americanist and Indo-Europeanist: retraction orretroflexion• Semiticist: velarization or pharyngealization• Vietnamese tone mark→ 02D4 ˔ modifier letter up tack
COMBINING DIAERESIS BELOW• IPA: breathy-voice or murmur→ 02B1 ʱ modifier letter small h with hook
COMBINING RING BELOW• IPA: voiceless• vocalic (in Latin transliteration of Indicsonorants)• Madurese→ 02F3 ˳ modifier letter low ring
COMBINING COMMA BELOW• Romanian, Latvian, Livonian
COMBINING CEDILLA• French, Turkish, Azerbaijani→ 00B8 ¸ cedilla
COMBINING OGONEK= nasal hook• Americanist: nasalization• Polish, Lithuanian→ 02DB ˛ ogonek→ 1AB7 $᪷ combining open mark below
COMBINING VERTICAL LINE BELOW• IPA: syllabic• Yoruba• German dialectology• may attach or not; shape may vary by local
preferences→ 02CC ˌ modifier letter low vertical line
COMBINING BRIDGE BELOW• IPA: dental
COMBINING INVERTED DOUBLE ARCH BELOW• IPA: labialization→ 02B7 ʷ modifier letter small w→ 1AC7 $᫇ combining inverted double archabove
COMBINING CARON BELOW• IPA: voiced
COMBINING CIRCUMFLEX ACCENT BELOW• Americanist: fronted articulation
COMBINING BREVE BELOW• Hittite transcription
COMBINING INVERTED BREVE BELOW• Americanist: fronted articulation (variant of032D $̭ )• Indo-Europeanist: semivowel
COMBINING TILDE BELOW• IPA: creaky voice
COMBINING MACRON BELOW→ 005F _ low line
→ 02CD ˍ modifier letter low macron0332$̲0333$̳0343

COMBINING LOW LINE= underline, underscore• connects on left and right→ 005F _ low line
COMBINING DOUBLE LOW LINE= double underline, double underscore• connects on left and right→ 0347 $͇ combining equals sign below→ 2017 ‗ double low line

Overstruck diacritics
0334 $̴ COMBINING TILDE OVERLAY• IPA: velarization or pharyngealization
0335 $̵ COMBINING SHORT STROKE OVERLAY
0336 $̶ COMBINING LONG STROKE OVERLAY= strikethrough• connects on left and right0337 $̷ COMBINING SHORT SOLIDUS OVERLAY= short slash overlay
0338 $̸ COMBINING LONG SOLIDUS OVERLAY= long slash overlay
Miscellaneous additions
0339 $̹ COMBINING RIGHT HALF RING BELOW
033A $̺ COMBINING INVERTED BRIDGE BELOW• IPA: apical→ 1DF9 $᷹ combining wide inverted bridge
below
033B $̻ COMBINING SQUARE BELOW• IPA: laminal• preferred glyph shape is a horizontal rectangle
for IPA usage
033C $̼ COMBINING SEAGULL BELOW• IPA: linguolabial
033D $̽ COMBINING X ABOVE
033E $̾ COMBINING VERTICAL TILDE= yerik• used for Cyrillic yerik, indicates an omitted jer• this is not a palatalization mark→ 0484 $҄ combining cyrillic palatalization→ 2E2F ⸯ vertical tilde→ A67D $꙽ combining cyrillic payerok
033F $̿ COMBINING DOUBLE OVERLINE• connects on left and rightVietnamese tone marks
Vietnamese-specific accent placement should be handled
instead by specialized rendering of 0300 and 0301. Use of0340 and 0341 is discouraged.
0340 $̀ COMBINING GRAVE TONE MARK
≡ 0300 $̀ combining grave accent
0341 $́ COMBINING ACUTE TONE MARK
≡ 0301 $́ combining acute accent
Additions for Greek
0342 $͂ COMBINING GREEK PERISPOMENI• Greek-specific form of circumflex for risingfalling accent• alternative glyph is similar to an inverted breve→ 0303 $̃ combining tilde→ 0311 $̑ combining inverted breve0343 $̓ COMBINING GREEK KORONIS≡ 0313 $̓ combining comma above

The Unicode Standard, Version 16.0, Copyright © 1991-2024 Unicode, Inc. All rights reserved.

0344

Combining Diacritical Marks

0344

$̈́

0345$ͅCOMBINING GREEK DIALYTIKA TONOS• use of this character is discouraged≡ 0308 $̈ 0301 $́
COMBINING GREEK YPOGEGRAMMENI= greek non-spacing iota below (1.0)= iota subscript• note special casing issues→ 037A ͺ greek ypogegrammeni→ 0399 Ι greek capital letter iota

Additions for IPA
0346 $͆ COMBINING BRIDGE ABOVE• IPA: dentolabial→ 20E9  combining wide bridge above
0347 $͇ COMBINING EQUALS SIGN BELOW• IPA: alveolar
0348 $͈ COMBINING DOUBLE VERTICAL LINE BELOW• IPA: strong articulation
0349 $͉ COMBINING LEFT ANGLE BELOW• IPA: weak articulation
034A $͊ COMBINING NOT TILDE ABOVE• IPA: denasal

036F

Double diacritics
035C $ COMBINING DOUBLE BREVE BELOW= ligature tie below, papyrological hyphen• a common glyph alternate connects thehorizontal midpoints of the characters→ 035D $ combining double breve→ 0361 $͡ combining double inverted breve→ FE27 $︧ combining ligature left half below
035D $ COMBINING DOUBLE BREVE
035E $ COMBINING DOUBLE MACRON
035F $ COMBINING DOUBLE MACRON BELOW
0360 $͠ COMBINING DOUBLE TILDE→ FE22 $︢ combining double tilde left half
0361 $͡ COMBINING DOUBLE INVERTED BREVE= ligature tie→ FE20 $︠ combining ligature left half
0362 $͢ COMBINING DOUBLE RIGHTWARDS ARROWBELOW• IPA: sliding articulation

Medieval superscript letter diacritics
These are letter diacritics written directly above other letters.
They appear primarily in medieval Germanic manuscripts,
IPA diacritics for disordered speech
but saw some usage as late as the 19th century in some
034B $͋ COMBINING HOMOTHETIC ABOVE
languages.
• IPA: nasal escape
0363
COMBINING LATIN SMALL LETTER A
034C $͌ COMBINING ALMOST EQUAL TO ABOVE
0364
COMBINING LATIN SMALL LETTER E• IPA: velopharyngeal friction
0365
COMBINING LATIN SMALL LETTER I
034D $͍ COMBINING LEFT RIGHT ARROW BELOW
0366
COMBINING LATIN SMALL LETTER O• IPA: labial spreading0367
COMBINING LATIN SMALL LETTER U
034E $͎ COMBINING UPWARDS ARROW BELOW
0368
COMBINING LATIN SMALL LETTER C• IPA: whistled articulation
0369
COMBINING LATIN SMALL LETTER DGrapheme joiner
036A
COMBINING LATIN SMALL LETTER H
034F  COMBINING GRAPHEME JOINER
036B
COMBINING LATIN SMALL LETTER M• commonly abbreviated as CGJ
036C
COMBINING LATIN SMALL LETTER R• has no visible glyph
036D
COMBINING LATIN SMALL LETTER T• the name of this character is misleading; it does 036E
COMBINING LATIN SMALL LETTER V
not actually join graphemes
036FCOMBINING LATIN SMALL LETTER X
Additions for the Uralic Phonetic Alphabet
0350 $͐ COMBINING RIGHT ARROWHEAD ABOVE
0351 $ COMBINING LEFT HALF RING ABOVE
0352 $ COMBINING FERMATA
0353 $ COMBINING X BELOW
0354 $ COMBINING LEFT ARROWHEAD BELOW
0355 $ COMBINING RIGHT ARROWHEAD BELOW
0356 $ COMBINING RIGHT ARROWHEAD AND UP
ARROWHEAD BELOW
0357 $ COMBINING RIGHT HALF RING ABOVE

Miscellaneous additions
0358 $ COMBINING DOT ABOVE RIGHT• Latin transliterations of the Southern Min
dialects of Chinese→ 1DF8 $᷸ combining dot above left
0359 $ COMBINING ASTERISK BELOW→ 204E o low asterisk
035A $ COMBINING DOUBLE RING BELOW• Kharoshthi transliteration
035B $ COMBINING ZIGZAG ABOVE• Latin abbreviation, Lithuanian phonetics andmedievalist transcriptions

The Unicode Standard, Version 16.0, Copyright © 1991-2024 Unicode, Inc. All rights reserved.

37