IEEJ : July 2013

M.O.E.P

THE GOVERNMENT OF THE REPUBLIC OF THE UNION OF MYANMAR

Ministry of Electric Power

Khaing Nyein Aye
Staff Officer (Engineer)
Department of Electric PowerTokyo, Japan
23th June -13th July 20131

Contents
 General Information of Myanmar
 Past Energy Demand and Supply

 Outlook of Energy Demand and Supply
 Policies and Objectives
 Current Issues and Causes
 Generation Expansion Plan2

Brief Introduction of the Republic ofthe Union of Myanmar
 Located in South East Asia
 Population – 59.78 millions

India

Chindwin

China

Ayeyarwaddy(Average growth rate-1.75% per annum) Total Area – 676,552 sq.km(Total international boundary - 5860 km)(Coastal strip - 2833 km)

LaosBangladesh Neighboring Countries- China on North and North - East
- Laos on EastThanlwin

Bayof Bangal

Thailand- Thailand on South - East
- Bangladesh and India on North - West Four Major Rivers

Sittaung- Ayeyawady (2,063 km)- Chindwin (1,151 km)

Andaman Sea- Sittaung (310 km)- Thanlwin (1,660 km)

Map of Myanmar
3

Background History of Organization
1910
Companies

1997
Ministry of ElectricPower (MOEP)

2006

1950

1951Rangon ElectricTramway and Supply
Co., (RET&S)

ESB (Electricity SupplyBoard)
The Electricity Act (1948)

1989

1972

Ministry of Energy

Ministry of Industry(2)Myanma Electric PowerEnterprise (MEPE)

Electric Power
Corporation (EPC)

Ministry of ElectricPower No.1 (MOEP-1)
Ministry of ElectricPower No.2 (MOEP-2)

2012
Ministry of ElectricPower (MOEP)
4

Structure and Functions of MOEP
MOEP

DHPP
Hydropower &Coal Fired Power
Project Planning

DEP

DHPI

MEPE HPGE

Hydropower & Coal
Fired Power Projects
Implementation

GT, Wind & Other
Project s Planning

ESE

Hydropower Station& Coal -fired Thermal
Plant Generation

Transmission line,
Sub-stations,G.T, Wind farm
Implementation
Small HPS Generation

YESB
Electricity
Distribution( Yangon City)

Electricity
Distribution

5Tapein
240MWံ

Location of Existing Power Plants

Shweli-1
600MW
Thaphanseik
30 MW

3.21%

Sedawgyi
25MW

22.35%
74.44%

Yeywa
790MW

Kyunchaung
54.3 MW

Kinda
56 MW
Hydroelectric

Gas

KyeeOhnKyeeWa
74MW

Tigyit120MWMan
36.9 MW

Paunglaung
280MW

Shwetaung Khapaung
55.35MW 30MW

Sr.
No.

1.
2.
3.

Type of Power
Plant

Zawgyi-1
18MW

Mone75MW

Coal

Number

Installed
Capacity(MW)

Hydro PowerGas
Coal201012780.0
834.9120Total

313734.9

Myanaung
34.7MW

Zawgyi-2
12MW

Kun
60MW
Yenwe
25MW

KengTawng
54MW

Bluchaung-1
28MW

Bluchaung-2
168MW
Thauk-Ye-Khat
120MW

Hydro Power Plant
Gas Power Plant

Zaungtu
20MW
HlawgaThaketa
180.2MW
92 MW
Ywama
70.3MW
Ahloneံ248.2MW

Shwekyin
75MW

Steam Power Plant
Coal Fired

Thaton50.95MW

Mawlamyaing
12MW

6Existing Transmission Lines
Voltage(kV)

Nos. of
Line

230

Existing Substations

LengthVoltage(kV)

Nos. of
Substation

Capacity
(MVA)

miles

km

47

1,982.65

3,190.77

230

343,960132

43

1,542.24

2,481.9913233

1,753.566

149

2,489.10

4,005.82

66

120

2,580.6

Total

239

6,013.99

9,678.58

Total

185

8,294.1

Existing Distribution Lines & Substations
Voltage

Capacity

Length(kV)

miles

km(MVA)

33

4,516.48

7,268.57

4,278.89

11

8,682.98

13,973.90

4,399.38

6.6

824.51

1,326.92

1,475.23

0.4

12,032.34

19,364.17-Total

26,056.31

41,933.56

10,153.50
7

Population

59.78
millionNumbers ofHousehold

8.92
millionElectrified
Household2.58
millionElectrification
Ratio (%)

29 %Total Nos. of
Village

64308Nos. ofElectrified
Village

16425

Rural
Electrification
Ratio (%)

25.54%

8

Generation Growth

5,425.88

8,632.58

2011-12

10,423.96

2012-13

10,964.90

6971.200
2012-20132010-112000

2010-2011

6,971.20

4000

2009-20102009-106621.65

6,621.65

2008-09

2008-096408.96

6,408.96

2007-08

2007-086164.15

6000

2006-076,164.15

6064.16

2006-078000

2005-06

6,064.16

5608.24

2005-06

2004-05

5,608.24

5425.88

2004-05

10000

2003-04

2003-04

8632.58

12000

10964.90

GWh

2011-2012

Year10423.96

14000

9

7887.77

9,000

2006-074,966.41

2007-08

4,574.83

2008-094,824.53

3,000

2009-105105.464

2,000

2010-11

6,467.30

1,000

2011-12

7,887.77

2012-138,450.305

4,000

4824.53

4966.414574.835,000

4470.87

2012-20132011-20122009-20102008-09

2007-08

2006-074,470.87

2005-06

2005-06

6,000

3989.56

39,89.56

2004-05

2004-05

7,000

3849.66

3849.66

2003-04

2003-04

5105.464

8,000

6467.30

GWh

2010-2011

Year8450.3055

Power Consumption Growth10Long Term Demand Forecast and Required Generating Capacity
MW
24,981

25,00022,072

19,511

20,00019,216
17,257
16,97815,271

15,000Reserve
Capacity

New Installed Capacity

15,00913,521
13,274

11,978
11,747

10,617
10,4009,417

10,000
8,341

9,214

7,392

8,167

6,532

5,000

4,520
3,477
2,261

5,108
3,929
2,261

5,686
4,442
2,261

Extend Installed Capacity

7,244

5,775

6,416

5,025
2,261

2,261

2,261

2,261

2,261

2,261

2,261

2,261

2,261

2,261

2,261

2,261

2025-262026-272027-282028-292029-30

2030-3111

Existing Generation Capacity0

2016-172017-18

2018-192019-20

2020-212021-222022-232023-242024-25

Long Term Demand Forecast and Required Generating Capacity(MW)DemandForecast

Reserve Power

From Yr.(2012-13) toYr.(2015 - 16)

3,078923

4,001

1,740

From Yr. (2016-17) toYr.(2020 -21)

5,686

1,706

7,392

3,391

From Yr. (2021-22) toYr.(2025 -26)

10,4003,120

13,5206,128

From Yr.(2026-27) toYr.(2030 - 31)

19,216

5,765

24,981

11,461

Project Term

Installed
Capacity

To be implemented
duringEach 5 year plan

12

Long Term Planned Target for Electricity Supply
Up to Year 2030-31
Expected
Population(million)

DemandForecast (MW)Yr. 2011-1260.44

1,806

10,44427%

From Yr.(2012-13) toYr.(2015-16)

63.14

3,078

17,79734%

From Yr.(2016-17) toYr.(2020-21)

66.69

5,686

32,87445%

From Yr.(2021-22) toYr.(2025-26)

70.45

10,40060,13260%

From Yr.(2026-27) toYr.(2030-31)

74.42

19,216111,100

80%

Term

RequiredGeneration(GWh)

Target forElectrified
Household(%)

13

Power Plant Projects To be Completed during Year 2013 to 2016 (MW)Sr.

Project Name

No.

Type

InstalledCapacity

2013

2014

2015

2016

1

Thaukyekhat-2

Hydro120120

120120120

2Hlawga (Zeya Co.)

Gas5050505050

3

Ywama (MyanShwePyay Co.)Gas

5050505050

4Thaketa (CIC Co.)

Gas

5050505050

5Ahlone (Toyo Thai Co.)

Gas

100801001001006Phyu

Hydro

40-

4040407Namcho

Hydro

40-

4040

40

8Ywama ( Transferred from Thailand)

Gas

240-

240

240

240

9

Thaketa (BKB Co., Korea)

Gas

500

-

168

336

500

10Hlawga ( Hydrolancang Co., China)

Gas

530-

126

378

530

11Upper Paunglaung

Hydro

140-

-

140

140

12

Baluchaung No.(3)

Hydro

52-

52

52

52

13

Mawlamyaing (Myanmar Lighting )Gas

50--5050

14Kyaukphyu

Hydro

50--505015Upper Baluchaung

Hydro

30---

30

16Kyunchaung (Extension)

Gas

70---

70

17Shwedaung (Extension)

Gas

80---

802192

350

1036

1696

142192Total

Policies- To employ the available energy resources in power generation for thesufficient supply of electricity- To promote the effective and efficient use of electricity for future energy
sufficiency, reserves and sustainability in our nation- To conduct the reliable power quality to be supplied safely- To enhance the electricity distribution system to be developed in accordancewith the advance technologies- To adopt the environment-friendly ways in electricity generation,transmission and distribution- To encourage the expansion of power transmission and distribution throughout the country and the Public-Private-Participation in each sector
15

Objectives- In order to transmit the generated power, increased in the period of fifth fiveyear plan, through Myanmar Power System to Regions and States, theTransmission Lines and Primary Substations are to be implemented and also
the Distribution Plans for electricity supply to the Industries and Public are tobe worked out.
- To provide the technical know-how and policy support to the local people for
their cooperation and participation in using alternative energy such as biomass in rural areas, far from the National Grid.
- To meet the electricity demand for the areas, where electricity through theNational Grid is not accessible, are to be supplied by Mini Hydro and Diesel
Generators.

16

Objectives- In order to be reliable the quality of Myanmar Power System which is
conducted for generation, transmission, distribution and consumption ofelectric power and to supply the electricity with the least of powerinterruption and loss at the Standard Voltage Level, our skillful staffs shallcarry out by getting technical know-how from abroad.
- To fulfill the power demand of Myanmar, not only Hydro Power Generationand also Gas Turbine Power Plants are to be in operation, and Wind Powerand Solar Power Plants are economically and widely constructed toreinforce the power supply.

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Current Issues and Causes Myanmar Power System mainly relies on Hydro power(77 % of power

generation ) The capacity of reinforced thermal power plant close to main load center isvery low.
 Distribution facilities are old and required to be upgraded.

 Main load centers are very far from Major Hydropower plants
 The steps of voltage level from 230kV to 0.4 kV is too much.
 We have planned 500kV Transmission system and SCADA to be introduced.
 Obviously required to review the current power system and to make proper

plan for future system
18Current Issues and Causes The demand for Electricity in Myanmar is increasing rapidly year by year The current Transmission and Distribution facilities are old and needed to beupgraded Myanmar is rich in Power resources, especially Hydropower but we needhigher techniques and investments.
 Require to obtain more sophisticated technologies to solve the problems inPower System The Transmission & Distribution Losses are high
 Myanmar is participating and cooperating in regional power trade among

GMS & ASEAN Countries
19Generation Expansion Plan In order to meet the present demand of power supply throughout the country,
the Ministry of Electric Power is implementing a Large number of various
kinds of hydropower projects and thermal power projects.

 Most of the major hydropower stations are located in northern part of thecountry, far from the main load center. So, long length of transmission lines
and a large number of substations capacities have to be constructed and that
leads voltage drop and system instability, especially in Yangon region.
 At present condition, in order to overcome these problems and to meet therequired demand of Yangon region, (4) gas turbine power stations attachedwith (4) combined cycle power plants of maximum generation capacity(590.7) MW reinforce closely the Yangon distribution system.
20

Generation Expansion Plan Yangon region, located in the southern part of the country, is the main load
center with maximum demand (791.69) MW for (943) thousands power
consumers, which is (36.28)% of the whole country consumers.
 With the improvement of living standards and due to development of industry
sector, the maximum demand of Yangon region has been focused to become(1000) MW coming years.

 In order to overcome this increasing demand and to solve the instability
problem effectively, the following (4) gas turbine power projects have beenplanned to be implemented in order that they can supply power closely to themain load region.
1. Hlawga Power Plant(500)MW (MOU had been signed)

2. Thaketa Power Plant(500)MW (MOA had been signed)

3. Ahlone Power Plant(120)MW (MOA had been signed)
21

4. Ywama Power Plant(2X120)MW (Under implementation)Power Sector in Myanmar:
Summary of Strengths and Weaknesses
STRENGTHSWEAKNESSES Huge hydropower resources (estimated at Heavy reliance on seasonal hydropower
generation and lack of domestic gas supply
and capacity in gas-fired power generation

more than 100 GW)

production (430 bcf in 2011) with potential

 Underinvestment in power sector resulting
in load shedding of about 20% of demand andT&D losses of 19.43%

for big discoveries Electrification ratio of about 29%

 Well developed power transmission

 Fragmented institutional and regulatory
framework in the energy sector

 Large gas reserves (11.8 tcf) andsystem
 Strategic location in the regional energy

market Electricity tariffs below the economic cost
 No legal requirements for social andenvironmental safeguards for infrastructure
projects

22

Conclusion
The electric power sector plays a vital role for the development of the stateand social affairs.
Due to the geographic conditions, most of the hydropower resources are in thenorthern part of Myanmar, however, the areas which are of great electricity
consumers including Yangon region, are in the south. Therefore, 500 kVA highpower transmission lines should be constructed so as to adjust electric power
and also reduce the losses.
Coal-fired Thermal Power Plant and Gas Turbine Power Plant Projects withhigh technologies which are of being low impact on EIA/SIA and short term
construction periods, should be established in the highest power demand areas
to fulfill the present power demands.

23

Conclusion
Due to the generation mixed, hydropower projects should be inevitably
implemented by utilizing the existing hydropower resources throughout thecountry. That is why, low tariff rate can be enjoyed, additional electricity
going to be generated from the hydropower projects can also be sold theneighboring countries and the earning of the State will be increased, as amatter of fact.
Integration of renewable energy resources has geographical, financial,technological, social and environmental barriers.

24

THANK YOUKhaing Nyein Aye @ MOEP
kna.mm.eng@gmail.com

25
Contact : report@tky.ieej.or.jp