In Their Own Words
Joint Statement of the Russian Federation and
the People’s Republic of China on theInternational Relations Entering a New Era
and the Global Sustainable Development
February 4, 2022
At the invitation of President of the People’s Republic of China Xi Jinping, President of
the Russian Federation Vladimir V. Putin visited China on 4 February 2022. The Heads of State
held talks in Beijing and took part in the opening ceremony of the XXIV Olympic WinterGames.
The Russian Federation and the People's Republic of China, hereinafter referred to as thesides, state as follows.
Today, the world is going through momentous changes, and humanity is entering a newera of rapid development and profound transformation. It sees the development of such processes
and phenomena as multipolarity, economic globalization, the advent of information society,cultural diversity, transformation of the global governance architecture and world order; there isincreasing interrelation and interdependence between the States; a trend has emerged towards
redistribution of power in the world; and the international community is showing a growing
demand for the leadership aiming at peaceful and gradual development. At the same time, as the
pandemic of the new coronavirus infection continues, the international and regional security
situation is complicating and the number of global challenges and threats is growing from day today. Some actors representing but the minority on the international scale continue to advocate
unilateral approaches to addressing international issues and resort to force; they interfere in theinternal affairs of other states, infringing their legitimate rights and interests, and incite
contradictions, differences and confrontation, thus hampering the development and progress of
mankind, against the opposition from the international community.
The sides call on all States to pursue well-being for all and, with these ends, to build
dialogue and mutual trust, strengthen mutual understanding, champion such universal humanvalues as peace, development, equality, justice, democracy and freedom, respect the rights ofpeoples to independently determine the development paths of their countries and the sovereignty
and the security and development interests of States, to protect the United Nations-driven

China Aerospace Studies InstituteFeb 2022

international architecture and the international law-based world order, seek genuine multipolarity
with the United Nations and its Security Council playing a central and coordinating role,promote more democratic international relations, and ensure peace, stability and sustainable
development across the world.

I
The sides share the understanding that democracy is a universal human value, rather thana privilege of a limited number of States, and that its promotion and protection is a common
responsibility of the entire world community.
The sides believe that democracy is a means of citizens' participation in the governmentof their country with the view to improving the well-being of population and implementing theprinciple of popular government. Democracy is exercised in all spheres of public life as part of anation-wide process and reflects the interests of all the people, its will, guarantees its rights,
meets its needs and protects its interests. There is no one-size-fits-all template to guide countries
in establishing democracy. A nation can choose such forms and methods of implementing
democracy that would best suit its particular state, based on its social and political system, its
historical background, traditions and unique cultural characteristics. It is only up to the people ofthe country to decide whether their State is a democratic one.
The sides note that Russia and China as world powers with rich cultural and historical
heritage have long-standing traditions of democracy, which rely on thousand-years of experienceof development, broad popular support and consideration of the needs and interests of citizens.
Russia and China guarantee their people the right to take part through various means and invarious forms in the administration of the State and public life in accordance with the law. The
people of both countries are certain of the way they have chosen and respect the democraticsystems and traditions of other States.
The sides note that democratic principles are implemented at the global level, as well as
in administration of State. Certain States' attempts to impose their own ”democratic
standards“ on other countries, to monopolize the right to assess the level of compliance withdemocratic criteria, to draw dividing lines based on the grounds of ideology, including by
establishing exclusive blocs and alliances of convenience, prove to be nothing but flouting of
democracy and go against the spirit and true values of democracy. Such attempts at hegemonypose serious threats to global and regional peace and stability and undermine the stability of theworld order.
The sides believe that the advocacy of democracy and human rights must not be used toput pressure on other countries. They oppose the abuse of democratic values and interference in
the internal affairs of sovereign states under the pretext of protecting democracy and humanrights, and any attempts to incite divisions and confrontation in the world. The sides call on theinternational community to respect cultural and civilizational diversity and the rights of peoples
of different countries to self-determination. They stand ready to work together with all theinterested partners to promote genuine democracy.

China Aerospace Studies InstituteFeb 2022

The sides note that the Charter of the United Nations and the Universal Declaration of
Human Rights set noble goals in the area of universal human rights, set forth fundamental
principles, which all the States must comply with and observe in deeds. At the same time, as
every nation has its own unique national features, history, culture, social system and level ofsocial and economic development, universal nature of human rights should be seen through theprism of the real situation in every particular country, and human rights should be protected inaccordance with the specific situation in each country and the needs of its population. Promotion
and protection of human rights is a shared responsibility of the international community. The
states should equally prioritize all categories of human rights and promote them in a systemicmanner. The international human rights cooperation should be carried out as a dialogue between
the equals involving all countries. All States must have equal access to the right to development.
Interaction and cooperation on human rights matters should be based on the principle of equalityof all countries and mutual respect for the sake of strengthening the international human rights
architecture.
II
The sides believe that peace, development and cooperation lie at the core of the modern
international system. Development is a key driver in ensuring the prosperity of the nations. The
ongoing pandemic of the new coronavirus infection poses a serious challenge to the fulfilment of
the UN 2030 Agenda for Sustainable Development. It is vital to enhance partnership relations forthe sake of global development and make sure that the new stage of global development isdefined by balance, harmony and inclusiveness.
The sides are seeking to advance their work to link the development plans for theEurasian Economic Union and the Belt and Road Initiative with a view to intensifying practicalcooperation between the EAEU and China in various areas and promoting greaterinterconnectedness between the Asia Pacific and Eurasian regions. The sides reaffirm their focus
on building the Greater Eurasian Partnership in parallel and in coordination with the Belt andRoad construction to foster the development of regional associations as well as bilateral andmultilateral integration processes for the benefit of the peoples on the Eurasian continent.
The sides agreed to continue consistently intensifying practical cooperation for thesustainable development of the Arctic.
The sides will strengthen cooperation within multilateral mechanisms, including theUnited Nations, and encourage the international community to prioritize development issues in
the global macro-policy coordination. They call on the developed countries to implement in goodfaith their formal commitments on development assistance, provide more resources todeveloping countries, address the uneven development of States, work to offset such imbalances
within States, and advance global and international development cooperation. The Russian side
confirms its readiness to continue working on the China-proposed Global Development
Initiative, including participation in the activities of the Group of Friends of the Global
Development Initiative under the UN auspices. In order to accelerate the implementation of the
UN 2030 Agenda for Sustainable Development, the sides call on the international community to

China Aerospace Studies InstituteFeb 2022

take practical steps in key areas of cooperation such as poverty reduction, food security, vaccinesand epidemics control, financing for development, climate change, sustainable development,
including green development, industrialization, digital economy, and infrastructure connectivity.
The sides call on the international community to create open, equal, fair and nondiscriminatory conditions for scientific and technological development, to step up practicalimplementation of scientific and technological advances in order to identify new drivers of
economic growth.
The sides call upon all countries to strengthen cooperation in sustainable transport,
actively build contacts and share knowledge in the construction of transport facilities, including
smart transport and sustainable transport, development and use of Arctic routes, as well as todevelop other areas to support global post-epidemic recovery.
The sides are taking serious action and making an important contribution to the fightagainst climate change. Jointly celebrating the 30th anniversary of the adoption of the UN
Framework Convention on Climate Change, they reaffirm their commitment to this Convention
as well as to the goals, principles and provisions of the Paris Agreement, including the principleof common but differentiated responsibilities. The sides work together to ensure the full andeffective implementation of the Paris Agreement, remain committed to fulfilling the obligations
they have undertaken and expect that developed countries will actually ensure the annual
provision of $100 billion of climate finance to developing states. The sides oppose setting up
new barriers in international trade under the pretext of fighting climate change.
The sides strongly support the development of international cooperation and exchanges in
the field of biological diversity, actively participating in the relevant global governance process,and intend to jointly promote the harmonious development of humankind and nature as well as
green transformation to ensure sustainable global development.
The Heads of State positively assess the effective interaction between Russia and China
in the bilateral and multilateral formats focusing on the fight against the COVID-19 pandemic,
protection of life and health of the population of the two countries and the peoples of the world.
They will further increase cooperation in the development and manufacture of vaccines against
the new coronavirus infection, as well as medical drugs for its treatment, and enhancecollaboration in public health and modern medicine. The sides plan to strengthen coordination on
epidemiological measures to ensure strong protection of health, safety and order in contacts
between citizens of the two countries. The sides have commended the work of the competentauthorities and regions of the two countries on implementing quarantine measures in the borderareas and ensuring the stable operation of the border crossing points, and intend to consider
establishing a joint mechanism for epidemic control and prevention in the border areas to jointly
plan anti-epidemic measures to be taken at the border checkpoints, share information, build
infrastructure and improve the efficiency of customs clearance of goods.
The sides emphasize that ascertaining the origin of the new coronavirus infection is amatter of science. Research on this topic must be based on global knowledge, and that requires
cooperation among scientists from all over the world. The sides oppose politicization of this

China Aerospace Studies InstituteFeb 2022issue. The Russian side welcomes the work carried out jointly by China and WHO to identify thesource of the new coronavirus infection and supports the China – WHO joint report on thematter. The sides call on the global community to jointly promote a serious scientific approach tothe study of the coronavirus origin.
The Russian side supports a successful hosting by the Chinese side of the WinterOlympic and Paralympic Games in Beijing in 2022.
The sides highly appreciate the level of bilateral cooperation in sports and the Olympic
movement and express their readiness to contribute to its further progressive development.
III
The sides are gravely concerned about serious international security challenges andbelieve that the fates of all nations are interconnected. No State can or should ensure its own
security separately from the security of the rest of the world and at the expense of the security ofother States. The international community should actively engage in global governance to ensure
universal, comprehensive, indivisible and lasting security.
The sides reaffirm their strong mutual support for the protection of their core interests,
state sovereignty and territorial integrity, and oppose interference by external forces in theirinternal affairs.
The Russian side reaffirms its support for the One-China principle, confirms that Taiwan
is an inalienable part of China, and opposes any forms of independence of Taiwan.
Russia and China stand against attempts by external forces to undermine security andstability in their common adjacent regions, intend to counter interference by outside forces in theinternal affairs of sovereign countries under any pretext, oppose colour revolutions, and will
increase cooperation in the aforementioned areas.
The sides condemn terrorism in all its manifestations, promote the idea of creating asingle global anti-terrorism front, with the United Nations playing a central role, advocate
stronger political coordination and constructive engagement in multilateral counterterrorism
efforts. The sides oppose politicization of the issues of combating terrorism and their use as
instruments of policy of double standards, condemn the practice of interference in the internalaffairs of other States for geopolitical purposes through the use of terrorist and extremist groups
as well as under the guise of combating international terrorism and extremism.
The sides believe that certain States, military and political alliances and coalitions seek toobtain, directly or indirectly, unilateral military advantages to the detriment of the security ofothers, including by employing unfair competition practices, intensify geopolitical rivalry, fuelantagonism and confrontation, and seriously undermine the international security order andglobal strategic stability. The sides oppose further enlargement of NATO and call on the North
Atlantic Alliance to abandon its ideologized cold war approaches, to respect the sovereignty,
security and interests of other countries, the diversity of their civilizational, cultural andChina Aerospace Studies InstituteFeb 2022

historical backgrounds, and to exercise a fair and objective attitude towards the peacefuldevelopment of other States. The sides stand against the formation of closed bloc structures andopposing camps in the Asia-Pacific region and remain highly vigilant about the negative impactof the United States' Indo-Pacific strategy on peace and stability in the region. Russia and China
have made consistent efforts to build an equitable, open and inclusive security system in the
Asia-Pacific Region (APR) that is not directed against third countries and that promotes peace,stability and prosperity.
The sides welcome the Joint Statement of the Leaders of the Five Nuclear-Weapons
States on Preventing Nuclear War and Avoiding Arms Races and believe that all nuclearweapons States should abandon the cold war mentality and zero-sum games, reduce the role ofnuclear weapons in their national security policies, withdraw nuclear weapons deployed abroad,eliminate the unrestricted development of global anti-ballistic missile defense (ABM) system,and take effective steps to reduce the risks of nuclear wars and any armed conflicts between
countries with military nuclear capabilities.
The sides reaffirm that the Treaty on the Non-Proliferation of Nuclear Weapons is thecornerstone of the international disarmament and nuclear non-proliferation system, an importantpart of the post-war international security system, and plays an indispensable role in world peaceand development. The international community should promote the balanced implementation of
the three pillars of the Treaty and work together to protect the credibility, effectiveness and theuniversal nature of the instrument.
The sides are seriously concerned about the trilateral security partnership between
Australia, the United States, and the United Kingdom (AUKUS), which provides for deeper
cooperation between its members in areas involving strategic stability, in particular their decision
to initiate cooperation in the field of nuclear-powered submarines. Russia and China believe thatsuch actions are contrary to the objectives of security and sustainable development of the AsiaPacific region, increase the danger of an arms race in the region, and pose serious risks ofnuclear proliferation. The sides strongly condemn such moves and call on AUKUS participants
to fulfil their nuclear and missile non-proliferation commitments in good faith and to work
together to safeguard peace, stability, and development in the region.
Japan's plans to release nuclear contaminated water from the destroyed Fukushima
nuclear plant into the ocean and the potential environmental impact of such actions are of deep
concern to the sides. The sides emphasize that the disposal of nuclear contaminated water should
be handled with responsibility and carried out in a proper manner based on arrangements
between the Japanese side and neighbouring States, other interested parties, and relevantinternational agencies while ensuring transparency, scientific reasoning, and in accordance withinternational law.
The sides believe that the U.S. withdrawal from the Treaty on the Elimination ofIntermediate-Range and Shorter-Range Missiles, the acceleration of research and thedevelopment of intermediate-range and shorter-range ground-based missiles and the desire to
deploy them in the Asia-Pacific and European regions, as well as their transfer to the allies, entail
an increase in tension and distrust, increase risks to international and regional security, lead to

China Aerospace Studies InstituteFeb 2022

the weakening of international non-proliferation and arms control system, undermining global
strategic stability. The sided call on the United States to respond positively to the Russian
initiative and abandon its plans to deploy intermediate-range and shorter-range ground-based
missiles in the Asia-Pacific region and Europe. The sides will continue to maintain contacts andstrengthen coordination on this issue.
The Chinese side is sympathetic to and supports the proposals put forward by the RussianFederation to create long-term legally binding security guarantees in Europe.
The sides note that the denunciation by the United States of a number of importantinternational arms control agreements has an extremely negative impact on international andregional security and stability. The sides express concern over the advancement of U.S. plans todevelop global missile defence and deploy its elements in various regions of the world,
combined with capacity building of high-precision non-nuclear weapons for disarming strikes
and other strategic objectives. The sides stress the importance of the peaceful uses of outer space,strongly support the central role of the UN Committee on the Peaceful Uses of Outer Space inpromoting international cooperation, maintaining and developing international space law andregulation in the field of space activities. Russia and China will continue to increase cooperation
on such matters of mutual interest as the long-term sustainability of space activities and thedevelopment and use of space resources. The sides oppose attempts by some States to turn outerspace into an arena of armed confrontation and reiterate their intention to make all necessary
efforts to prevent the weaponization of space and an arms race in outer space. They willcounteract activities aimed at achieving military superiority in space and using it for combat
operations. The sides affirm the need for the early launch of negotiations to conclude a legallybinding multilateral instrument based on the Russian-Chinese draft treaty on the prevention ofplacement of weapons in outer space and the use or threat of force against space objects thatwould provide fundamental and reliable guarantees against an arms race and the weaponizationof outer space.
Russia and China emphasize that appropriate transparency and confidence-building
measures, including an international initiative/political commitment not to be the first to place
weapons in space, can also contribute to the goal of preventing an arms race in outer space, butsuch measures should complement and not substitute the effective legally binding regime
governing space activities.
The sides reaffirm their belief that the Convention on the Prohibition of the Development,
Production and Stockpiling of Bacteriological (Biological) and Toxin Weapons and on their
Destruction (BWC) is an essential pillar of international peace and security. Russia and China
underscore their determination to preserve the credibility and effectiveness of the Convention.
The sides affirm the need to fully respect and further strengthen the BWC, including byinstitutionalizing it, strengthening its mechanisms, and adopting a legally binding Protocol to theConvention with an effective verification mechanism, as well as through regular consultation andcooperation in addressing any issues related to the implementation of the Convention.

China Aerospace Studies InstituteFeb 2022

The sides emphasize that domestic and foreign bioweapons activities by the United Statesand its allies raise serious concerns and questions for the international community regarding theircompliance with the BWC. The sides share the view that such activities pose a serious threat tothe national security of the Russian Federation and China and are detrimental to the security of
the respective regions. The sides call on the U.S. and its allies to act in an open, transparent, andresponsible manner by properly reporting on their military biological activities conducted
overseas and on their national territory, and by supporting the resumption of negotiations on alegally binding BWC Protocol with an effective verification mechanism.
The sides, reaffirming their commitment to the goal of a world free of chemical weapons,call upon all parties to the Chemical Weapons Convention to work together to uphold its
credibility and effectiveness. Russia and China are deeply concerned about the politicization of
the Organization for the Prohibition of Chemical Weapons and call on all of its members tostrengthen solidarity and cooperation and protect the tradition of consensual decision-making.
Russia and China insist that the United States, as the sole State Party to the Convention that has
not yet completed the process of eliminating chemical weapons, accelerate the elimination of its
stockpiles of chemical weapons. The sides emphasize the importance of balancing the nonproliferation obligations of states with the interests of legitimate international cooperation in theuse of advanced technology and related materials and equipment for peaceful purposes. The
sides note the resolution entitled ”Promoting international Cooperation on Peaceful Uses in theContext of International Security“ adopted at the 76th session of the UN General Assembly on
the initiative of China and co‑sponsored by Russia, and look forward to its consistent
implementation in accordance with the goals set forth therein.
The sides attach great importance to the issues of governance in the field of artificial
intelligence. The sides are ready to strengthen dialogue and contacts on artificial intelligence.
The sides reiterate their readiness to deepen cooperation in the field of international
information security and to contribute to building an open, secure, sustainable and accessible
ICT environment. The sides emphasize that the principles of the non-use of force, respect fornational sovereignty and fundamental human rights and freedoms, and non-interference in theinternal affairs of other States, as enshrined in the UN Charter, are applicable to the information
space. Russia and China reaffirm the key role of the UN in responding to threats to international
information security and express their support for the Organization in developing new norms of
conduct of states in this area.
The sides welcome the implementation of the global negotiation process on international
information security within a single mechanism and support in this context the work of the UN
Open-ended Working Group on security of and in the use of information and communication
technologies (ICTs) 2021–2025 (OEWG) and express their willingness to speak with one voice
within it. The sides consider it necessary to consolidate the efforts of the international
community to develop new norms of responsible behaviour of States, including legal ones, aswell as a universal international legal instrument regulating the activities of States in the field of
ICT. The sides believe that the Global Initiative on Data Security, proposed by the Chinese sideand supported, in principle, by the Russian side, provides a basis for the Working Group to

China Aerospace Studies InstituteFeb 2022

discuss and elaborate responses to data security threats and other threats to international
information security.
The sides reiterate their support of United Nations General Assembly resolutions 74/247
and 75/282, support the work of the relevant Ad Hoc Committee of Governmental Experts,
facilitate the negotiations within the United Nations for the elaboration of an international
convention on countering the use of ICTs for criminal purposes. The sides encourage
constructive participation of all sides in the negotiations in order to agree as soon as possible ona credible, universal, and comprehensive convention and provide it to the United Nations
General Assembly at its 78th session in strict compliance with resolution 75/282. For these
purposes, Russia and China have presented a joint draft convention as a basis for negotiations.
The sides support the internationalization of Internet governance, advocate equal rights to
its governance, believe that any attempts to limit their sovereign right to regulate national
segments of the Internet and ensure their security are unacceptable, are interested in greater
participation of the International Telecommunication Union in addressing these issues.
The sides intend to deepen bilateral cooperation in international information security on
the basis of the relevant 2015 intergovernmental agreement. To this end, the sides have agreed toadopt in the near future a plan for cooperation between Russia and China in this area.
IV
The sides underline that Russia and China, as world powers and permanent members of
the United Nations Security Council, intend to firmly adhere to moral principles and accept their
responsibility, strongly advocate the international system with the central coordinating role of theUnited Nations in international affairs, defend the world order based on international law,
including the purposes and principles of the Charter of the United Nations, advance multipolarityand promote the democratization of international relations, together create an even more
prospering, stable, and just world, jointly build international relations of a new type.
The Russian side notes the significance of the concept of constructing a ”community ofcommon destiny for mankind“ proposed by the Chinese side to ensure greater solidarity of theinternational community and consolidation of efforts in responding to common challenges. The
Chinese side notes the significance of the efforts taken by the Russian side to establish a justmultipolar system of international relations.
The sides intend to strongly uphold the outcomes of the Second World War and theexisting post-war world order, defend the authority of the United Nations and justice ininternational relations, resist attempts to deny, distort, and falsify the history of the Second
World War.
In order to prevent the recurrence of the tragedy of the world war, the sides will strongly
condemn actions aimed at denying the responsibility for atrocities of Nazi aggressors, militarist
invaders, and their accomplices, besmirch and tarnish the honour of the victorious countries.

China Aerospace Studies InstituteFeb 2022

The sides call for the establishment of a new kind of relationships between world powers
on the basis of mutual respect, peaceful coexistence and mutually beneficial cooperation. They
reaffirm that the new inter-State relations between Russia and China are superior to political andmilitary alliances of the Cold War era. Friendship between the two States has no limits, there areno ”forbidden“ areas of cooperation, strengthening of bilateral strategic cooperation is neither
aimed against third countries nor affected by the changing international environment andcircumstantial changes in third countries.
The sides reiterate the need for consolidation, not division of the international
community, the need for cooperation, not confrontation. The sides oppose the return ofinternational relations to the state of confrontation between major powers, when the weak fallprey to the strong. The sides intend to resist attempts to substitute universally recognized formats
and mechanisms that are consistent with international law for rules elaborated in private bycertain nations or blocs of nations, and are against addressing international problems indirectly
and without consensus, oppose power politics, bullying, unilateral sanctions, and extraterritorial
application of jurisdiction, as well as the abuse of export control policies, and support tradefacilitation in line with the rules of the World Trade Organization (WTO).
The sides reaffirmed their intention to strengthen foreign policy coordination, pursue true
multilateralism, strengthen cooperation on multilateral platforms, defend common interests,
support the international and regional balance of power, and improve global governance.
The sides support and defend the multilateral trade system based on the central role of theWorld Trade Organization (WTO), take an active part in the WTO reform, opposing unilateralapproaches and protectionism. The sides are ready to strengthen dialogue between partners andcoordinate positions on trade and economic issues of common concern, contribute to ensuring
the sustainable and stable operation of global and regional value chains, promote a more open,
inclusive, transparent, non-discriminatory system of international trade and economic rules.
The sides support the G20 format as an important forum for discussing international
economic cooperation issues and anti-crisis response measures, jointly promote the invigorated
spirit of solidarity and cooperation within the G20, support the leading role of the association insuch areas as the international fight against epidemics, world economic recovery, inclusive
sustainable development, improving the global economic governance system in a fair andrational manner to collectively address global challenges.
The sides support the deepened strategic partnership within BRICS, promote theexpanded cooperation in three main areas: politics and security, economy and finance, andhumanitarian exchanges. In particular, Russia and China intend to encourage interaction in thefields of public health, digital economy, science, innovation and technology, including artificial
intelligence technologies, as well as the increased coordination between BRICS countries oninternational platforms. The sides strive to further strengthen the BRICS Plus/Outreach format as
an effective mechanism of dialogue with regional integration associations and organizations ofdeveloping countries and States with emerging markets.

China Aerospace Studies InstituteFeb 2022

The Russian side will fully support the Chinese side chairing the association in 2022, andassist in the fruitful holding of the XIV BRICS summit.
Russia and China aim to comprehensively strengthen the Shanghai Cooperation
Organization (SCO) and further enhance its role in shaping a polycentric world order based on
the universally recognized principles of international law, multilateralism, equal, joint,
indivisible, comprehensive and sustainable security.
They consider it important to consistently implement the agreements on improved
mechanisms to counter challenges and threats to the security of SCO member states and, in thecontext of addressing this task, advocate expanded functionality of the SCO Regional AntiTerrorist Structure.
The sides will contribute to imparting a new quality and dynamics to the economic
interaction between the SCO member States in the fields of trade, manufacturing, transport,
energy, finance, investment, agriculture, customs, telecommunications, innovation and otherareas of mutual interest, including through the use of advanced, resource-saving, energy efficientand ”green“ technologies.
The sides note the fruitful interaction within the SCO under the 2009 Agreement between
the Governments of the Shanghai Cooperation Organization member States on cooperation in thefield of international information security, as well as within the specialized Group of Experts. In
this context, they welcome the adoption of the SCO Joint Action Plan on Ensuring International
Information Security for 2022–2023 by the Council of Heads of State of SCO Member States on
September 17, 2021 in Dushanbe.
Russia and China proceed from the ever-increasing importance of cultural andhumanitarian cooperation for the progressive development of the SCO. In order to strengthen
mutual understanding between the people of the SCO member States, they will continue toeffectively foster interaction in such areas as cultural ties, education, science and technology,
healthcare, environmental protection, tourism, people-to-people contacts, sports.
Russia and China will continue to work to strengthen the role of APEC as the leading
platform for multilateral dialogue on economic issues in the Asia-Pacific region. The sides intend
to step up coordinated action to successfully implement the ”Putrajaya guidelines for thedevelopment of APEC until 2040“ with a focus on creating a free, open, fair, non-discriminatory,transparent and predictable trade and investment environment in the region. Particular emphasis
will be placed on the fight against the novel coronavirus infection pandemic and economic
recovery, digitalization of a wide range of different spheres of life, economic growth in remoteterritories and the establishment of interaction between APEC and other regional multilateral
associations with a similar agenda.
The sides intend to develop cooperation within the ”Russia-India-China“ format, as wellas to strengthen interaction on such venues as the East Asia Summit, ASEAN Regional Forumon Security, Meeting of Defense Ministers of the ASEAN Member States and Dialogue Partners.
Russia and China support ASEAN's central role in developing cooperation in East Asia, continue

China Aerospace Studies InstituteFeb 2022

to increase coordination on deepened cooperation with ASEAN, and jointly promote cooperationin the areas of public health, sustainable development, combating terrorism and counteringtransnational crime. The sides intend to continue to work in the interest of a strengthened role of
ASEAN as a key element of the regional architecture.

The “In Their Own Words” series is dedicated to translations of Chinese documents inorder to help non-Mandarin speaking audiences access and understand Chinese thinking. CASI
would like to thank all of those involved in this effort.
In the “In Their Own Words” series, CASI and its collaborators aim to provide Chinese
texts that illustrate thoughtful, clearly articulated, authoritative foreign perspectives onapproaches to warfare at the strategic, operational, and tactical levels.
This translation and publication does not constitute approval by any U.S. Governmentorganization of the contents, inferences, findings and conclusions contained therein. Publication issolely for the exchange and stimulation of ideas.

China Aerospace Studies InstituteFeb 2022