JWST Revolution
Nao Suzuki (Kavli IPMU)§1 A Brief Introduction to JWST•• §2 Basic Instruments• §3 GTO Time• §4 ERS Early Release Science (Aug 17th)• §5 Call for Cycle 1 Proposal : Nov 30th 2017• §6 HST Example & JWST Ideas• https://confluence.stsci.edu/display/STUCP/• https://jwst-docs.stsci.edu/display/JSP/§1 A Brief Introduction to JWSTJWST 6.5m IR Space Telescope2018 Oct - 2023 (2028)

Topics at 銀河進化研究会 2020

• JWST finds z>10 galaxies• LSST online• E-ELT 2024
• PFS Survey starts• SPICA? WISH-X…

JWST :
Goddard Space Center => Johnson Space Center

JWST TodayJWST (James Webb Space Telescope)• 1989-1994 : Concept Studies (note HSTlaunch = Apr 1990)• 1996 : Next Generation Space Telescope• 1997-1999 : Design Contests => Lockeed
Martin was selected• 2011 : Cancellation Crisis• 2018 October Launch ($8.835 billionincluding 5 year-operation)

Gold Primary Mirror

Gold : 48.25g, 1000 Angstrom thickJWST at L2 Point§2 Basic JWST Instruments
WavelengthFoV

Filters orResolution
22 Filters
6 NB Filters

NIRCam

0.6 - 5.0 μm2.2’ x 2.2’

MIRI

5 - 28 μm

1.88’ x 2.17’

NIRSpec
NIRISS

1.0 - 5.0 μm
1.0 - 2.5 μm

12 Filters
3”x3” IFU R=3000

3.4’ x 3.4’

R=1000 (MOS)
R=2700 (IFU)
R=100 (Prism)2.2’ x 2.2’

R=150 (multi)
R=700 (single)

Sensitivity : Imaging (NIR=29th Mag)

HSC

NIRCam 0.6 - 5.0 µm,
FoV : 2.2’ x 2.2’, HgCdTeNIRCam Filters

Sensitivity : Spectroscopy (NIR=27th Mag)NIRSpec
Low R=30-300, Mid :R=500-1300, High R=1400-3600
FoV=3.4’ x 3.6’ MOS : 100 objects

Micro Shutter ArrayAccess to JWST Data I§3 GTO Time
June 15th 2017 Specification Released!
https://jwst-docs.stsci.edu/display/JSP/JWST+GTO+Observation+Specifications• GTO : Guaranteed-Time Observer Programs(2019-2020)• GTO a)NIRCam : 900 hrs (425hrs Galaxy, 125hrs
Star Formation in MW, 350hrs Planets)• GTO b) NIRSpec: 900 hrs (724hrs Galaxy, IGM

42hrs, ExoPlanet 56hrs, Galactic, Solar Obj 72hrs)• ERS : Early Release Science• GO : Program (USA/ESA) Cycle 1-5

Instrument

Field

PaintingsNIRCamExp Time#Filter

425hrsGOODS-N Medium

660hrs4

AB 29th mag

GOODS-S Medium

12121hrs

4

AB 29th mag

GOODS-S UDF Deep4244hrs4

AB 30th mag

27.7hrs
25hrs
27.7hrs
25hrs

low
med
low
med
low
med
low
med
low
highPrismNIRSPec

724hrsDeep #1

HST UDF

174hrsDeep #2

GOODS-S UDF

174hrsMedium #1

GOODS-S Medium

8134hrs 11hrs x 8

Medium #2 GOODS-N Medium

466hrs 11hrs x 435106hrs 0.75 x 35

WideIFUCANDELS

1.0 x 35270hrsG140M/G235M/G395M

Prism
G140M/G235M/G395M

Prism
G140M/G235M/G395M

Prism
G140M/G235M/G395M

Prism
G235H/G395H

NIRCam GTO members

NIRCam GTO :Search for highest redshift galaxies without any limitation

Simulated Imageby ESANIRSpec GTO Members

NIRSpec GTO Deep:
150 galaxies at z>6 and z>10 galaxies : R=1000 or R=100NIRSpec IFS (270hrs)
Integral Field Spectroscopy
30 Star Forming Galaxies, 20 AGNs at z=7

Access to JWST Data II§4 ERS: JWST Early Release Science Proposal (Aug 18th 2017)

JWST Early Release Science Proposal (Aug 18th 2017)
Letter of Intent had to be filed by March 2017

Access to JWST Data III§5 Call for Cycle 1 Proposal : Nov 30th 2017
Deadline Mar 2nd 2018

GTO publishedCycle 1 Dead LinePath to JWST Proposal
Let’s write a JWST proposal• Basic Info
• Technical Advice• Have US/ESA Co-PI and collaborators• Be Unique, Be First, Be Best• Take advantage of HSC/PFS/ALMA• HST example, my caseBasic Info

• HST/JWST (or NASA space telescope)time (GO program) is associated withbudget so that researchers can hire people toanalyze the data

• Have a financial PI from the US• You can be a PI and you can have a Co-PI• It is essential to have USA/ESA Co-Is• Proposal must be filed by APT software

Technical Info : JWST Visibility
Note : Visibility is limited, ToO is difficult
Eclectic Plane=IR background is high
COSMOS and SXDS are not an ideal field: visibility is limited

COSMOS: -9
SXDS : -8

§6 HST Example & JWST Ideas
Co-PI and US Admin Co-I

Hubble Space Telescope(HST) Time is awardedCycle 24-25 (2016-2018)
First Time for Japanese Institution to win large project
Infrared Part is Observed by Hubble Space Telescope(HST)
Optical Part is Observed by Subaru (HSC)

HSTHSC

HSTプロポーザルの個人的感想• 読みやすい（英語）• 読んでいて楽しい• 必ずできる確証がある• HST/JWSTでなければできない• 他の追従を許さない• 専門外の人にもわかる• できない約束をしない

Preparation
2 years of discussion and meetings
2 paper equivalent of work
24 hour TV conference before the deadline

HSC Supernova Survey : Nov ‘16 - Apr‘17z=1.06

Hubble Telescope

Dec 25 2016

Subaru Telescope

Nov 23 2016 - Jan 3 2017
HSC-HST SN Survey

HSC: r2, i2,z vs HST WFC3 : F105(J), F140(H)Subaru/HSC (Optical)

Hubble Space Telescope (IR)

HSC: r2, i2,z vs HST WFC3 : F105(J), F140(H)17siv : z=1.234 SNIa, 8.57 G light years
Subaru/HSC (Optical)

10-15% Color Measurement

Hubble Space Telescope (IR)

1-3% Color Measurement

HSC+HST legacy Survey

Fractional ErrorDistance

SNIa Cosmology in 2017-2025• 1.0 < z < 1.4 70-100 HSC SNeIa• HSC+HST 46 SNeIa can becomecompetitive against 2000 DES SNeRedshiftToday
This Program

2020
2025-30• Keck/VLT/Gemini/HST Follow-up• Aiming to have 0.5% calibration error=> 1.0% distance error• Our Data can survive in LSST era• LSST-Subaru-WFIRST model : Futureis Now• Calibration Workshop this winterCalibration Geeks x Otaku at IPMU

§7 JWST Ideas• Ideas? Introducing a few example• My ERS proposal : COSMOS First StarProposal• PFS COSMOS Survey• Some attractive proposals: Fast Radio Burst,
Gravitational Wave Sources

Holy Grail : First Star Explosion
Pair-Instability Supernova

Can we find them with HSC?
yes we can

WFIRST : FoV : 0.28 deg2

HSCJWSTTanaka et al 2012

JWST : NIRcam FoV 4.4x2.2 arc min =0.0026 deg2

New HSC x JWST GTONEP Survey

JWST Strategies
North Eclectic PoleJWST Visibility

COSMOS: -9
SXDS : -8

NEP
18h 0066d 33’

Visible : May - Aug

SNIa 5σ Events for JWSTGravitationally Lensed Supernova
SN Rafsdel z=1.49
Lensing Galaxy : z=0.54•

SNIa : Great Advantage ofhaving luminosity
estimate to test lensmodels•JWST is needed to resolve
lensed point sources andgood photometry•

Lensed SNIa : PS1-10afx
is identified by Quimby etal but was not resolved

Gravitational Wave : Standard Siren
GW measures Distances
Holz & Hugh (2005)( m1m2 ) 3 5

M chirp = (1 + z ) ( m + m )1 5
1h(t ) =M chirp

53f (t ) 2 3

DL

2F(angles) cos[Φ (t )]f(t) : Wave Frequency
Φ(t): Phase
DL : Luminosity DistanceFinding Fast Radio Burst (FRB) Source
Δt=0.001sFrequency(GHz)•Lorimir et al (2007) reports “A Bright Millisecond
Radio Burst of Extragalactic Origin”
30 Jansky

Identified in ArchivalSurvey : Data is taken
on Aug 24 2001
Dispersion Measure(DM) of 375 cm-3 pc

Science Nov 2007:Time (ms) Vol. 318, Issue 5851, 777

FRB : Fast Radio BurstDistances & Reionization
JWST is needed to find the ID & redshift z“Constraining the CMB Optical Depththrough the Cosmological Radio Transients”
Fialkov & Loeb (2016)
http://news.wisc.edu

10,000 FRBs / Day !?!?

FRB Host Galaxy
Kokubo et al 2017 (Poster)z=0.1931”=3.177kpc

Subaru PFS Follow-up

Conclusion : “Must Try JWST”
Let’s write JWST Cylcle 1 : Proposal
Release Nov 2017 - Deadline Mar 2nd 2018

Cycle 1 Dead LineSummary : JWST “MUST DO Science”
Let’s find the best target from HSC!
1 object (100pix) / 25 HSC Trillion Pixels (SSP)
1 / 1010
One in 10 Billion
Discoveries are waiting for us in Deep Space
Lottery
1/20 Million

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