GReAT: Glass Recycling Advanced Technology-The concept on the global optimal glass and ceramics recycling system-Technical feasibility of recycling PV panel glass to ceramics and tiles

ガラス最先端再資源化技術- ガラスリサイクルの全体最適コンセプトの紹介- 太陽光モジュールガラスのセラミックス・タイルへのリサイクルの技術適用可能性

第19回「次世代の太陽光発電システム」シンポジウム J-PVS
Jun.29,2022
The Glass Recycling Committee of Japan
ガラス再資源化協議会
Chairperson SO KATO
代表幹事 加藤 聡
1１．産業界の直面するCarbon Neutrality (1)【図１】日本のCO2排出量のセクター別内訳（2018年）と世界の国別CO2排出量（2017年）

2（出典：経済産業省資料）

２．産業界の直面するCarbon Neutrality (2)【図２】日本の産業部門のCO2排出量の内訳（2016年）（出典：（一社）日本鉄鋼連盟資料）
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Disposal PV management report by IRENA
IRENA 廃棄PVマネージメントレポート2016

4Disposal PV management report by IRENA
IRENA 廃棄PVマネージメントレポート2016

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Disposal PV management report by IRENA
IRENA 廃棄PVマネージメントレポート2016

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Disposal PV management report by IRENA
IRENA 廃棄PVマネージメントレポート2016

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Expected Disposal Volume of the End-of-Life Facilities for PV Module

太陽電池モジュールの排出見込

Disposal Volume (t)Estimation of the future disposal volume of PV module

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Expected Disposal
Volume(B), (C)

Ratio of Industrial
Waste to Final
Disposal in FY2015

2020

3,000 t

0.03%

2025

6,000 t

0.06%

2030

22,000 t

0.2%

2036

170,000 ～ 280,000 t

1.6～2.7%(A) Scenario of mass disposal after FIT(B) Scenario of disposal from leased land after FIT(C) Scenario of disposal from fixed-term land lease after FIT(D) Scenario of no disposal after FIT

Predictable! Scenario for introducing photovoltaic power as a main power source
予測可能！主力電源としての太陽光発電導入シナリオ
100GW in 2030！～200GW in 2050！ ☛ 250GW potential、Is there a place to install it？
Realization of
decarbonized power

Japan's Cumulative Capacity Target by Japan Photovoltaic Energy Association250GWPV OUTLOOK 2050 : GHG emission 80% by 2050
（million kW）■ Less than 10kW
■ Replacing less than 10kW
■ Less than 1MW■ Replacing less than 1MW■ Greater than 1MW■ Replacing greater than 1MW200GW
in FY2050

Peak demand of Japan (Summer)

Power generation for large andmedium-sized business use
大中規模事業用発電

100GW
in FY2030

50GW
in FY2018

Industrial and Public use

産業用・公共用

Residence use

住宅用

Source: Created with smart solar based on PV OUTLOOK 2050 of Japan Photovoltaic Energy Association

9* No copying or distribution of this material without Smart Solar's permission

Glass recycle of PV panel
太陽光パネルのガラスリサイクル
PV panel module
太陽光パネル用ガラス（GMPV）

Sheet glass 板ガラス
Glass fiber グラスファイバー
Glass beads ガラスビーズ
Ceramic セラミック等
Material 原料へ

After separation
Glass ガラス（分離後）

Glass cullet
ガラスカレット
After separation
Cell セル（分離後）Silver銀

Removal aluminum from module
外枠が外された状態（アルミ）10Detaching of silver
Refining
銀の回収（精錬）
Non attached glass on the cell
ガラスが殆ど付着してない状況

Little attached glass on the cell
ガラスが殆ど付着している状況

Guidelines for promotion of recycling on PV generation facilities
ガイドラインTransmission of information for toxic substances :Offer of the information necessary for appropriate disposal
有害物質等の情報伝達：適正処分に必要な情報提供[Changes]
Introducing the "Guidelines for Providing Information Contribution to Proper Disposal ofUsed Solar Cell Modules" formulated and published by the Japan Photovoltaic Energy
Association. In addition, creating a correspondence table between the constituent partsof the solar cell module and the four parts shown in the information provision.
Excerpt of "Guidelines for Providing Information Contribution to Proper Disposal of Used Solar Cell Modules"
4. Types and thresholds of target substances for which information must be provided1) Target substanceConsidering the viewpoint of chemical substances that may affect the environment at the time ofdisposal and the high possibility of inclusion depending on the type of photovoltaic power
generation module, the following four substances are targeted.
Lead, cadmium, arsenic, selenium
2) Content rate standard value
The content rate standard value at the time of labeling shall be as follows, and if it exceeds this, it
shall be labeled by the method specified in Section 4.
Lead: 0.1wt%
Cadmium: 0.1wt%
Arsenic: 0.1wt%
Selenium: 0.1wt%
The content rate of the target substance is a theoretical value calculated by dividing the mass ofeach of the four parts (*) that make up the module part that can be disassembled relatively easily
as the denominator and the content of the target chemical substance in each part as thenumerator.
(*) ① Frame, ② Screw, ③ Cable, ④ Laminated part (including terminal box, parts other than ①,②, ③)

11Elution test result according to each modules
結晶系モジュールの部位別溶出試験結果
結晶系モジュールで鉛溶出と化合系モジュールでセレン溶出が確認,溶出試験の結果、溶出の大きい部位を特定した

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Ideal situation on Removal, Transport ,Treatment in PV systems
太陽発電設備の撤去・運搬・処理のあるべき姿

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出典：太陽光発電設備等のリユース・リサイクル・適正処分に関する報告書の抜粋

Ideal situation on Removal , Transport ,Treatment in PV systems
太陽発電設備の撤去・運搬・処理のあるべき姿

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出典：太陽光発電設備等のリユース・リサイクル・適正処分に関する報告書の抜粋

Glass recycle of PV panel
太陽光パネルのガラスリサイクル
Study for establishment of a nationwide recycling system
全国リサイクルシステムの構築に向けた検討

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Processing by PV Recycling Hammer
Disposed PV Panels

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Removing Aluminum Frames

Pre-Heating

Junction Boxes Aluminum Frames

Glass

Scrap Recycling Companies
Metal Recycling Companies

Used as materials for;Glass fiber, Insulation material, Foam glass,
Ceramic clay Recycled aggregates forconcrete pavers, blocks, etc.

Removing Glass

Cell Sheets

Smelting Companies Rare Metal
Recycling Companies

Facilities capable of recycling photovoltaic cell modules (GRCJ GReAT6)○ The facilities that are currently able to recycle photovoltaic cell modules as determined by the Glass Recycling Committee of Japan (GRCJ) are as follows.

MATEC Corporation

Already accepting goods forrecycling

DOWA(Kosaka Smeltery)Has the capability to accept
goods for recycling
Seinan Corporation

Kaiho Sangyo Co., Ltd.
Harita Metal Co.,Ltd.
Keiaisha Co., Ltd.

Mitsubishi Materials Corporation
Orix Eco Services CorporationHirakin(Hirabayashi Kinzoku KK)
Yamakoh Co., Ltd.

HamadaShinryo Corporation
Kyushu Metal Industry
Co., Ltd.

Econecol Inc.
Hamada
NPCRecycle Tech Japan
Kaneshiro Sangyo

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Toshiba Environmental Solutions Corporation

Glass recycle of PV panel
太陽光パネルのガラスリサイクル18

Glass recycle of PV panel
太陽光パネルのガラスリサイクル

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Glass recycle of PV panel
太陽光パネルのガラスリサイクル20

Glass characteristic
ガラスの特徴Several glasses in market depend on the case of useful
使用用途に沿い多様なガラスが開発されている
GML

GMA/GMV

GMPV

GMFI

GMB

Liquid crystal
液晶

Architecturaland Vehicle
建設・自動車Photovoltaic
太陽電池

Fiber
繊維ガラス

BottoleびんSodalime

Sodalime

ソーダ石灰

ソーダ石灰

Sodalime/
Aluminosilicate
ソーダ石灰/
アルミノ珪酸GME
Electron tube ブラウン管
Panel パネル

Funnelファンネル

Barium andStrontium

Lead
鉛

Glass type
ガラス種類

Aluminoborosilicate
アルミノホウケイ酸

Sodalime

Characteristic
特徴

Scientificdurability
科学的耐久性Light
transmittance
光透過性

Light
transmittance
光透過性

Light
transmittance
光透過性Color control
色調管理

X-ray
absorptivity
X-線吸収性より高いX-線吸収性

Softening point
軟化点 ℃

～850

720～740

720～850

720～740

720～740690～715655～675

Specific gravity
比重2.36～2.77

2.48～2.6

2.36～2.77

2.48～2.6

2.48～2.6

2.48～2.6

3.4～4.28

Color tone
色調

Clear

GMA：Clean、Clear
GMV：Clean、Galaxy

Clear

Clear
mixed color

Clear, Brown, Blue,Green, Other color

ソーダ石灰

バリウム・ストロンチウム

Selection of recycle method in adequate glass material
ガラス材質に適合したリサイクル方法を選択
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Higher X-ray
absorptivity

Clear

事例：混合ガラスの組成探索• 目的：熱膨張係数 ⇒ 小、ガラス転移温度 ⇒ 低（加工しやすい）– 説明変数(4成分系)：SiO2, B2O3, Na2O, Al2O3– 入力データ数(混合組成と物性値)：865個 (INTERGLAD)
成分1•(図はイメージ)
最適化結果

パイレックスガラスに近い組成が数分で得られた！
SiO2

B2O3

Na2O

Al2O3

81.6

14.7

2.6

1.1 (wt%)

複数の要求特性に対して、膨大な組み合わせ候補の中から最適な混合組成を探索できる© 2021 Fujitsu Limited

成分4成分2成分322

Overall optimum of aiming GReAT DX project
GReAT DX プロジェクトの目指す全体最適＜ Image of an information platform ＞
Consortium
Recycling companies(Remanufacture)
リサイクル処理会社（再製品化）

Manufacturers of PV moduleand Battery

Recycled products and raw materials

PVモジュール、蓄電池等製造メーカー

Information aggregation and sharing

Collection andTransportation companies
収集運搬会社

Recycling companies(Crushing and Sorting)
リサイクル処理会社（破砕選別）

Sales and Construction
companies
販社・施工会社

Information
Platform（ManagementSystem）

Users
ユーザー

Collection andTransportation companies

Demolition companies

収集運搬会社
Sorting and Recycling companies(Crushing and Sorting)

解体会社

Reuse companiesリユース会社

Reused PV and Battery

仕分け・リサイクル処理会社（破砕選別）

Collection andTransportation companies
収集運搬会社

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Office for Reuse and Recycling
リユース・リサイクル事務局

Recycling of glass cullet should be considered within familymaterials (glasses and other oxide-based ceramics)
Refractory

Abrasive
wheel
Iron andCementsteel slag

Optimal recycling
among oxide-based
ceramics
2.3 mil. t-cullet
680 kt-CO2

Overall
optimalrecycling
amongstoxide-based
ceramics
Refractor
y24

Iron andsteel slag

GMP

GMA

Plaster

GMCpottery
andporcelain
GMC
Tile

GMB

GMFI

420 kt reduction
1.2 mil. t reduction
Recovery of
waste glassfrom ELV
96 kt-cullet
27 kt-CO2

Glass to glass
optimal recycling
1.5 mil. t-cullet
170 kt-CO2

Lime stone
Silica stoneand sandEnergy saving in glass

Dolomiteproduction by using cullet

FeldsparRecovery of
waste glassfrom EoL-PV
30 kt-cullet
94 kt-CO2
GMV

GME

GMF

GMPV

Clay

GMB
GMC
GMC
Tile

GML
GMA

・ EoL-LCD glass (Home Appliance Recycling Law)
・ EoL-CRT glass (Home Appliance Recycling Law)
・ ELV glass (Automobile Recycling Law)
・ EoL-PV glass (Construction Recycling Law)
・ EoL-architectural glass (Const. Recycling Law)
・ EoL-fluorescent bulb (Const. Recycling Law)
・ EoL-plateware, etc.

Overall optimum of aiming GReAT project
GReATプロジェクトの目指す全体最適
Supply-Demandbalance
需給量Composition・Color
成分・色Impurity contents
不純物濃度Transportation distance
輸送距離
Oxide-based ceramics like almost same glass composition are included in the overall optimum evaluation
ガラスに組成（SiO2-CaO系セラミック）の類似した酸化物系セラミック類も全体最適の評価対象内に含める
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[Sustainability]Design for Resource Circular Economy「サスティナビリティ」 リサイクル産業システムをデザイン
End of Life Glasses Recycling Flow

New area design department
Network that promotes integrated system from glasscollection to application development and use of recycledproducts
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High visibility projects from Oslo to Hong Kong BIPV
Tribunal de Grande InstanceRenzo PianoParis

La Seine MusicaleShigeru Ban
Paris

Finance Tower
Jaspers Eyers
LiegeBesson – Switzerland

Council of the European Union
P. Samyn
Brussels

Union Eiendomsutvikling
OsloCanopies
Saud ConsultRiyadh

27©Laurent Quittre - ISSOL AquaAltaガラス再資源化協議会

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Thank you
有難うございます

GRCJ renewed homepages as follows:
ガラス再資源化協議会（GRCJ）のホームページをリニューアルしました

http://www.grcj.jp/index.html

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