2008 年度英語読解力及び聴解力考査＊ ICU に入学を希望する受験生の学習のために公開している資料です。
ICU 公式の試験問題用紙ではありません。
(This is NOT the official Exam.)No.000001

受験番号

英語読解力及び聴解力考査

係りの指示があるまでは絶対に中を開けないこと
英語学力考査は初めに聴解力考査､次に読解力考査の順序で行います｡読解力考査の指示
は､聴解力考査が終わった後で行います｡

聴解力考査の指示
0.

Achieve Your Goal!

1.

聴解力考査には､PART I,II,III,IV の 4 つがあります｡

2.

各 PART が始まる前に､日本語による説明がありますので､注意して聞いてください｡

3.

問題用紙には､問いと､4 つの答えが選択肢として与えられています｡その中から最も適当と思われる答えを 1 つ選んで､解答用カードの相当欄を鉛筆で塗ってください｡

4.

各 PART が終わったら､音声による指示があるまで､次の貢を開けないで待っていて
ください｡

5.

PARTI では 13 の短い会話を聞きます｡それぞれの会話についての問いに答えてください｡

6.

PART II では PART I より長めの会話を 3 つ聞きます｡それぞれの会話についての 2 つの問いに答えてください｡

7. PART III ではまず問題用紙に書かれている情報を読みます｡その後､その情報に関する会話を聞きます｡2 つの情報とそれに続く会話について､それぞれ 3 つの問いに答えてく
ださい｡
8. PART IV では長めの講義を 2 つ開きます｡それぞれの内容についての 5 つの問いに答えてください｡「受験番号」を解答用カードの定められたところに忘れずに書きいれること

2008

ENG
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PART III
Choose the best answer to each question.
Text A:

University Volleyball Panthers vs. Evansville Tigers — Friday September 21
Davies Gymnasium: 7:00 p.m. - 9:00 p.m.
Come watch the Panthers challenge Evansville. Tickets are $5 for adults and $3 forchildren. Student admission is free with a valid student ID. Sign up for the Papa
Paul Pizza contest to win free pizza coupons, between games 2 and 3, by serving
volleyballs over the net to hit empty pizza boxes on the court.
Tickets are available for purchase at the west entrance ticket window of Davies
Gymnasium one hour before the match begins.
Information regarding this and other Panther Athletics events can be found at
WWW.BUCHO.NET(Listen to the conversation)

20. How much will the man and woman have to pay for volleyball tickets?
a. Nothing, with their student IDs
b. Three dollars, with their student IDs
c. Five dollars, without their student IDs
d. Ten dollars, without their student IDs
21. What time will they meet on Friday?
a. 5 p.m.
b. 6 p.m.
c. 7 p.m.
d. 8 p.m.
22. Why does the woman say, "I'd better start practicing my serves"?
a. She hopes she'll score more points.
b. The volleyball team is looking for new members.
c. She is not a good volleyball player.
d. She would like to win a pizza.

ENG
5Text B:

Where the Rich Live
United States
37%

Japan
27%

Britain
6%

France
5%

Italy
4%

Germany
4%

Netherlands
2%

Canada
2%

Spain
1%

Switzerland
1%

Taiwan1%

Rest of the World
10%

1% own 40% of
total global wealth

What the Rich Own

2%own 51% of total
global wealth

5% own 71% of
total global wealth

10% own 85% of total global
wealthWhat the Rest of the World Owns

40% of population owns 14% of total
global wealth

50% of population owns 1% of total global wealth(Listen to the conversation)

23. What percentage of the world's wealth does the poorest half of the population own?
a. 1%
b. 2%
c. 5%
d. 10%
24. What is unique about this survey?
a. It was the first to measure income.
b. It surveyed 90% of the world's wealthy people.
c. It includes all the world's countries.
d. It is surprisingly accurate.
25. How will the 2008 survey probably differ from the 2003 survey?
a. It will include household wealth.
b. It will note the poor own even less global wealth.
c. It will increase the number of countries in the survey.
d. It will show a greater portion of the rich live in China and India.

ENG
6

Edited by www.bucho.net

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読解力考査の指示
1.

読解力考査には､PART lとPART 2の2つがあります｡

2.

解答時間は､PART 1, PART 2を合わせて60分です｡どちらのPART､どの問いから始めてもかまいません｡

3.

各問いには4つの答えが選択肢として与えられています｡その中から最も適当と思われる
答えを1つ選んで､解答用カードの相当欄を鉛筆で塗ってください｡

4.

考査終了の指示があったら直ちに鉛筆を置いて､考査用紙と解答用カードを係りが集め終わるまで待っていてください｡

5.

PART 1では､2つの文章をよく読んで.それぞれの文章についての10の問いに答えてください｡文章はくりかえし読んでもかまいません｡

6.

PART 2では.文章中の20の空欄を埋めて.意味が通るように文章を完成させてください｡
PART 2 の解答指示は16頁にありますので.それに従ってください｡

ENG
9PART 1
Text 1
1.

Neither chimpanzees nor any of the other 220 species of nonhuman primates have

easily visible white areas around their eyes. This means that if their eyes are looking in a
direction other than the one in which their heads are pointing, we can easily be fooled about
what they are looking at. By contrast, the whites of human eyes are several times larger thanthose of other primates, which makes it much easier to see where their eyes, as opposed to theirheads, are pointed. Trying to explain this trait leads us into one of the deepest and mostimportant topics in the modern study of human evolution: the evolution of cooperation.
2.

Evolution demands that if my eyes are especially easy to follow, it must be of someadvantage to me. One possible advantage is that especially visible eyes made it easier tocoordinate close-range collaborative activities in which determining where another was looking,and perhaps what he or she was planning, benefited both participants. For example, if we weregathering berries to share, with one of us pulling down a branch and the other harvesting the
fruit, it would be useful— especially before language evolved—for us to coordinate ouractivities and communicate our plans using our eyes, and perhaps other visually-based signs.
3.

Of course, if s possible that having large whites of the eyes served some otherpurpose, such as advertising good health to potential mates. Such an advantage, however,would apply to other primates as well. Cooperation, on the other hand, singles out humans,
because humans coordinate activities to accomplish particular social purposes such as toconstruct buildings, create social institutions and even, paradoxically, organize armies for war.
4.

In a recent experiment, our research team has shown that even infants—at around theirfirst birthdays—tend to follow the direction of another person's eyes, not their heads. Thus,
when an adult looked at the ceiling with eyes only (head remaining straight ahead), infants
looked to the ceiling in turn. However, when the adult closed her eyes and pointed her head tothe ceiling, infants did not very often follow. Our nearest primate relatives, the African great
apes, showed precisely the opposite pattern of gaze following. When the human pointed hereyes only to the ceiling (head remaining straight ahead), they followed only rarely. But when
she pointed her head only (eyes closed) to the ceiling, they followed much more often. This
clearly demonstrates that humans are sensitive to the direction of the eyes in a way that ournearest primate relatives are not.
5.

We are still a long way from figuring out how humans evolved to do so many

complicated things together—from building houses to creating universities to making war. But
the simple fact that we have evolved highly visible eyes, to which infants attune even before
acquiring language, supplies at least one small piece of the puzzle.

Edited by www.bucho.net

ENG
10

36. Which of the following can be inferred from paragraph 1?
a. We can easily fool other humans with our eyes.
b. The gaze of nonhuman primates can easily deceive us.
c. Pointing with the head is inherently deceptive among all primates.
d. The directions that the human head and eyes point to are in contrast.

37. According to the text, one practical effect of humans having large white areas visible around theireyes is they cana. better express their emotions.
b. display their physical health.
c. more easily fool others.
d. distinguish where a person is looking.

38. Paragraphs 1 and 2 imply that compared with other primate species, humans area. more violent.
b. more social.
c. more lively.
d. more practical.

39. The word "paradoxically" underlined in line 5 of paragraph 3 is closest in meaning to which of thefollowing?
a. essentiallyb. contradictorilyc. instinctively
d. spontaneously

40. What can be inferred from paragraph 4 about the infants of great apes and humans?
a. Their gaze patterns contrast markedly.
b. The quality of their vision is about the same.
c. They mainly communicate face-to-face.
d. They have evolved from a common ancestor.
41. The word "they" underlined in line 7 of paragraph 4 refers to which of the following?
a. African great apes
b. infantsc. birthdays
d. her eyes

42. The writer implies that language acquisition in children
a. is largely instinctual.
b. precedes nonverbal communication.
c. results from social interaction.
d. varies widely.

ENG
11

43. Which of the following points is NOT made about the African great apes?
a. They are our nearest primate relatives.
b. They react to the direction a head is pointing.
c. They are less sensitive to the direction of eyes.
d. They are more dependent on each other.

44. When it comes to understanding how humans evolved to do so many complicated things together, thewriter believes
a. current social behavior offers few clues.
b. scientists have a well-supported and detailed theory.
c. studying primates offers little practical evidence.
d. the highly visible human eye implies an explanation.

45. What does "the puzzle" underlined in line 4 of paragraph 5 refer to?
a. why human gaze patterns differ from those of other primatesb. how human social awareness and cooperation evolvedc. what the most essential human characteristics ared. whether language or nonverbal communication evolved first

Edited by www.bucho.net

ENG
12

Text 2
1.

Up until the end of the fourth century A.D., texts were read aloud, not silently. The

mind understood the meaning of words as much through the ear as the eye. This was due to thetechnology of text. Manuscripts and scrolls were rare objects, unavailable to most people, sogroups gathered to hear them read aloud. Even when alone, readers moved their lips and readout loud. On the page, the words were not separated, as here, and there was no punctuation,
which meant that the reader had to depend on prior knowledge of a text to make sense of thecontinuous i line of letters. That knowledge was gained by having heard others read the text
earlier. Vocalizing was the way in which text could initially be understood, and memorization
was the way that understanding could be passed on.
2.

But then something happened. At a certain point humans began to read silently and in

privacy. Vocalization and memorization gave way to quiet reflection. "Silence!" became thelibrarian's command. In time, that silence led to the spaces and punctuation marks that madeeach single reader the master-decoder of written language. A revolution occurred not only in theway texts were formatted and regarded, but in the way consciousness was formed. One of themost famous examples of this shift is reported in the book, The Confessions. The young
Augustine noted that his mentor, Ambrose, was reading a book without moving his lips: "Wesaw him reading silently, and never otherwise." What Augustine saw in Ambrose was an
instance of pure "interiority"—reading as a contemplative act. At this pivotal moment,
Augustine embraced the philosophical ideal that would define him from then on—inner life as
absolute.
3.

Where before Augustine had regarded the Bible as the "Word of God," now heunderstood that the text of Scripture does not become the Word until it enters the believer's
consciousness. This marked a move away from the authoritarian control of literal meaning to theimaginative independence of the intelligent reader. Here is the most important implication ofreading as a wholly interior act: To perceive is to interpret. Truth has no meaning apart from its
meaning in the reader's mind. Silent reading is thus both the sign of and a means to
self-awareness, with the knower taking responsibility for what is known.
4.

This individualism is the bedrock principle of democracy, a form of social organizationthat became possible only when contemplative reading was widely enabled by the mass
production of the printing press, and the popular education that followed it. Moreover,democracy assumes the protection of the values that contemplative reading makes possible: theself-awareness of citizens, their privacy, and their capacity for a thoughtful inner life. Only
because of such reading is each person a center of knowing, thinking, choosing, and acting. But
what happens to consciousness when such values are put at risk?

ENG
13

5.

That is the question today. Once again, as occurred when the scroll became the book,innovations in technology that change the primal experience of reading are causing a shift inconsciousness. Words on a computer screen come to the eye differently than from the page, andwho knows yet what that difference means and does? The main feature of interaction between
readers and what is read electronically has become interruption. The Internet, e-mail, instantmessaging, talk radio, and even audio books all assume a mind capable of multi-tasking.
6.

Yet multi-tasking is the enemy of reflection and interiority. It may be too soon toknow what all of this is doing to us, but before this era ends, don't be surprised to see peoples'
lips moving once again.
* From Silent reading in public life by James Carroll, The Boston Globe (2007/02/12)

46. Paragraph 1 refers to all of the following factors in the tendency for people in the ancientworld to read aloud EXCEPT
a. the scarcity of texts.
b. the lack of punctuation.
c. the absence of public education.
d. the relationship between memorization and meaning.
47. The introduction of spacing and punctuation in a text helped
a. to make memorization of text easier.
b. readers to take advantage of prior knowledge.
c. readers to increase their common understanding.
d. each reader to individually comprehend the reading.
48. The phrase "this shift" underlined in line 6 of paragraph 2 refers to which of the following?
a. the formation of consciousness
b. the introduction of spacing and punctuationc. the revolution in meaningd. the philosophy of a reader
49. In paragraph 3, the writer implies that Augustine came to view the Bible asa. the direct teachings of God.
b. a guide for daily behavior.
c. a text to be interpreted.
d. the rules for Christian belief.
50. The function of paragraphs 3 and 4 is toa. describe a cause and effect relationship.
b. offer an extended example.
c. explain a historical contradiction.
d. define individualism.

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ENG
14

51. According to the writer, the spread of silent readinga. allowed Christianity to flourish.
b. resulted in a new political system.
c. encouraged social harmony.
d. prevented a new text technology.
52. The word "bedrock" underlined in line 1 of paragraph 4 is closest in meaning to which of
the following?
a. hardb. finalc. sleeping
d. basic

53. According to the writer, democracy is based upona. the ability of humans to communicate.
b. a social dedication to fairness.
c. individual self-awareness.
d. a belief in equality.
54. In paragraph 6, the writer implies thata. a deeper inferiority may soon arise.
b. democracy may now be strengthened.
c. the act of reading may become more difficult.
d. widespread reading may lead to a decline in religion.
55. Text 1 and Text 2 both address which of the following themes?
a. The individual basis of societyb. The need for social cooperationc. The evolution of human consciousness
d. The contrast between modem and premodern life

ENG
15

PART 2

次の文章には20の空欄(56-75)があり､次の頁に各空欄に対する4つの選択肢が与えられています｡最初に1度文章を通読して､全体の意味を把握するようにつとめてください｡その後､各空欄に最も適当と思われる答えを1つ選び､解答用カードの相当欄を鉛筆で塗ってください。
What function did music serve humankind as we changed and developed? _(56)_ the musicof 50,000 and 100,000 years ago is very different from Beethoven, Van Halen, or Eminem. _(57)_
our brains have evolved, so has the music we make with _(58)_ , and the music that we want tohear. Did _(59)_ regions and pathways evolve in our brains specifically _(60)_ making andlistening to music?
_(61)_ to the old, simplistic notion that art and music _(62)_ in the right hemisphere of ourbrains, and language and mathematics in the left, recent studies suggest that our sensitivity tomusic is _(63)_ throughout the brain. Through studies of people with brain damage, we've seen
patients who have lost the ability to read a newspaper _(64)_ can still read music, or individuals
who can play the piano but lack the motor coordination to button their own sweater. Music
listening, performance, and composition _(65)_ nearly every area of the brain. Could this fact_(66)_ claims that listening to music exercises other parts of our minds, that listening to Mozart
twenty minutes a day _(67)_ us smarter?
The power of music to evoke _(68)_ is harnessed by _(69)_ executives, filmmakers, andmothers. Commercials use music to make a soft drink, beer, running shoe, or car seem more
attractive than their competitors' products. Film directors use music to tell us how to feel about
scenes that otherwise might be _(70)_ , or to intensify our feelings at particularly _(71)_ moments,
such as a chase scene in an action film. Music is being used _(72)_ our emotions, and we tend toaccept, _(73)_ not enjoy, the power of music to make us experience these different feelings.
Mothers throughout the world, _(74)_ time as we can imagine, have used soft singing to soothe
their babies to sleep, or to _(75)_ them from something that has made them cry.
* From This Is Your Brain on Music: The Science of a Human Obsession by Daniel J. Levitin,
Dutton Adult

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ENG
16⇨ ⇨ ⇨
56.

a. Because
b. Certainly
c. Neverthelessd. That

57.

a.
b.
c.
d.

As
For
Then
When

58.

a.
b.
c.
d.

it
one
them
those

59.

a. as particularb. in particularc. particulard. particularly

60.

a.
b.
c.
d.

for
in
on
to

61.

a.
b.
c.
d.

Contrary
Contrast
However
Indeed62.

a. are processedb. are processingc. have processedd. processes

63.

a. alternatedb. contributedc. distributed
d. interrupted

64.

a. butb. orc. theyd. whom65.

a. applyb. engagec. induced. infest

66.

a. account forb. act uponc. contradict
d. introduce

67.

a. madeb. will be madec. will maked. will have made68.

a. emotion
b. fearc. motivationd. perception

69.

a. advertiser
b. advertisec. advertisedd. advertising70.

a. ambiguous
b. conceptualc. gratifying
d. productive

71.

a. dramab. dramaticc. dramatist
d. dramatize

72.

a. as manipulating
b. for manipulator
c. in manipulationd. to manipulate

73.

a. as
b. if
c. or
d. to

74.

a. as far back inb. back in far asc. far back as in
d. in back as far

75.

a. contract
b. distractc. enactd. subtract

ENG
17