GIS TOOL FOR CALCULATING REPAIR
COST OF BUILDINGS DUE TO
EARTHQUAKE EFFECTS (CCRE ‐ CISMID)
Miguel Estrada
Carlos Zavala
Fernando Lazares
Jorge Morales
Japan – Peru Center for Earthquake Engineering Research and Disaster Mitigation
Faculty of Civil Engineering – National University of Engineering – Lima – Peru

Disaster Management Cycle
Disaster Cycle
Pre‐event

SoftwareHardwareEvent

Post‐EventRisk Components
HazardExposition

Earthquakes,
Landslides,
Tsunamis

People, Properties

Disaster
Risk
Vulnerability
Susceptibility to natural hazards

Risk = Function (Hazard, Exposition, Vulnerability)

Risk Components

Reduction

HazardBasically withoutchanges but there is“Climate Change”

Risk
disasterreduction

Exposition
Resettlement of people
and properties

Vulnerability
Increment of thebuilding resistanceSeismic Hazard – Peruvian Seismicity

82°

80°

0°

Seismic Hazard

76°

74°

72°

0°
!

!
! ! !!
!!!
!
!!

!!

4°

Colombia
Ecuador
2°!

!

!

!

!

4°

!

!

!
! !!

6°

Brazil!

Peruvian Coast
Earthquakes with
Magnitude > 5
1973 ‐ 2010

70°

!!

2°

6°

78°

!

8°
!

! !

8°

!
!
! ! !!

!

!
! !

! !!!

10°

10°!

! !! ! !
!!
! !
!

!

12°!

12°

PERÚ!
!
!

!

!
!!!!
!! !!!!! !!!
!

14°

OCÉANO PACÍFICO

14°!!
!!!
! !!
!!
!!!!!!

Profundida Focal
16°

Lagos
!

< 50 km!

50km - 100 km!

> 100 km!!!!!!!!
!!!
!!

Bolivia!
!! !
! !!!! !
!
!

16°
!! !
! ! ! !
!!!!!!! !
! !!! !!

18°

0 50 100

200

20°
82°

80°

300

18°

! !!
!!
! ! !!

400
Kilómetros

78°

!! !!
!
! ! !!
! !!

76°

74°

72°

Chile
20°
70°

Seismic Hazard
Recentearthquake withmagnitude
greater than 7
and thatproducedtsunamiFocusing in Assess the Vulnerability• All these reasons make the necessity todevelop a practical tool to identify thevulnerable urban areas due to effects of a bigearthquake. This tool is based in threeaspects:– Seismicity of the area
– Soil conditions– Structural characteristics of the buildings

Soil Conditions• To determine the type of soil and its response
in case of an earthquake some field survey areconducted:– Borehole exploration,– Shear wave measurements,– Microtremor measurements,– A geotechnical map is developed, and– Acceleration map for an earthquake scenario isdeveloped.

Soil Conditions – Acceleration Map

Acceleration Map
for and Earthquake Scenario

Soil Type

Description

Amp. Factor

S1S2S3S4

Rocks
Intermediate
Soft soilSpecial case

1.0
1.2
1.4
To be determined

Structural Characteristics of Buildings
High social class

Structural Characteristics of Buildings
Middle social classStructural Characteristics of Buildings
Low social class

Structural Characteristics of Buildings
Cadastral information
Field

Use

Material

Conservation

HeightValue
012340123401234
NumberDescription
Empty
Individual House
Multifamily House
Commerce
Public buildings (School, Hospital, Police)
Empty
Adobe or quincha
Masonry
Reinforced concrete
Others
Empty
GoodRegular
Bad
Very bad
Number of stories

Thematic Maps
Material
286000287000288000289000290000291000292000293000294000295000

Number of Stories

296000ATE VITARTESANTA ANITAEL AGUSTINO
8666000®

8666000

285000SANTA ANITA

8665000
8664000
8663000

8663000

8664000

8665000

CIENEGUILLA

8662000

8662000

LA MOLINA

Material
PACHACAMAC

8661000

SANTIAGO DE SURCO

Mampostería

8661000

SAN BORJA

8660000

Acero
No Evaluado

8660000

Concreto

8659000

8659000

SAN JUAN DE MIRAFLORESVILLA MARIA DEL TRIUNFO

285000286000287000288000289000290000291000292000293000294000295000296000Land Use

Structural System

6 Districts in Lima Under Detailed Study
77°10'0"W• La Molina• Chorrillos• Villa el Salvador• San Juan de Lurigancho• Comas• Puente Piedra

77°5'0"W

77°0'0"W

76°55'0"W

76°50'0"W

Ancón

Santa Rosa
Carabayllo

11°50'0"S11°50'0"

Puente Piedra
Ventanilla

11°55'0"SÜ

11°55'0"Comas
San Juan de Lurigancho

Los OlivosLurigancho

Independencia

Chaclacayo

12°0'0"S

12°0'0"SCallao

RimacSan Martín de Porres

AteEl Agustino

Carmen de la Legua Reynoso

Santa Anita
Lima

Bellavista
La Punta

La PerlaBreña

La Victoria
San Miguel Pueblo LibreJesús María
San Luis

12°5'0"SLince
Magdalena del Mar

Cieneguilla

La Molina

12°5'0"SSan Borja

San Isidro

Surquillo
Miraflores

Santiago de Surco

Barranco

Distritos

San Juan de Miraflores

12°10'0"S

Pachacamac

ProyectoMVVilla MarÍa del Triunfo

12°10'0"Chorrillos

MVCyS-BID

Distrito
Chorrillos
Villa el Salvador
San Juan de Lurigancho
La Molina
Puente Piedra
ComasÁrea(km2)
38.9
35.5
131.365.8
71.2
48.8

Población aproximada en miles
262.6
381.8
898.4
132.5
233.6
487

Aproximatelly: 2.4 millon peoples

Villa el Salvador

12°15'0"S02.5

5101520
Kilómetros

12°15'0"
Lurin
Punta Hermosa

77°10'0"W

77°5'0"W

77°0'0"W

76°55'0"W

76°50'0"W

Adopted seismic Risk Evaluation• Take plaster of walls S/.
• Put wire mesh S/.
• Put new plasterS/.
• Paint S/.
__________________
Retrofitting Cost
Building

Earthquake damage

Retroffiting Cost = Function (Structure Type, PGA, Damage level)

Urban
Inventory

SeismicMicrozoning
Vulnerability
Laboratoty Test

Adopted seismic Risk Evaluation

Damage Level

Building
Fundamental Period
T= 0.07 Np (1+ 0.75. Z. g/981)
Sa = Aceleración on Microzone
w= 2/T
Sd= Sa /w2
e= Sd H =drift
i=e x (0.75 R)
= FR*i  ZUSC  R 
0.75 2   2   T   X  X i1     ih

USING DAMAGE MATRIX AND PARAMETERS FROM 6 DISTRICT STUDYA RATIO DAMAGE LEVEL AND RETRIFFTING COST WAS DEVELOPEDProyecto CISMID-PGT-BID
Di strito
Lo te s/ Mz a Area Lo te Prom(m2) Re po sició n (US$/ m2)
SAN JU AN DE LURI GANCHO
20130275
COMAS
18160300
P UENTE P IEDRA
18160235
VI LLA EL SALVADOR
20130400
CHORRILLOS
18160950
LA MOLIN A
18250
1300

RATIO DAMAGE AND RETROFIT COST BASE ON SOCIOECONOMICAL LEVEL(Source: APEIN)

Structural Characteristics of Buildings
Development of Building Damage Curve
Damage curve
based on the driftof the building
The damage curve
will depend on theparametersmentioned in thetable showed
before.

Structural Damage of Water Pipes

Number of breaks per kilometer for different type of water pipe

Data Integration in a GIS Platform

Soil Conditions

Building Information

Water pipe information

Analysis Tool Development

Analysis Tool Development• Development within thecommercial software ArcGIS
v10.0• By programming in Python
language• Using Arcpy and Math modules• The program offers flexibility tochange building and soil
parameters

Analysis Tool Application
Tacna City – Southern Peru

Soils

Water pipes

Buildings

Analysis ToolApplication
Tacna City –Southern PeruConclusions
••

•
••

•

An automatic tool to evaluate the building and water pipe damage has
been developed.
To carry out the damage assessment procedure geotechnical, cadastraland pipe information is necessary. However, the building information
could be in different area sizes: Lot, Block or Zone, depending the quantity
or quality of the data.
The tools can be applied to cities with similar building, pipe and soil
conditions similar to Lima city.
To obtain empirical relationships between acceleration and level ofdamage, it has processed a wide variety of cases, so the application is wellcalibrated for this type of buildings and soils.
Regarding the analysis for water pipe some additional curves may be
develop, to cover the variety of pipe materials and diameters, but thistools can give a good figure about the possible damage in case an severe
earthquake.
Statistical information can be obtained from the final thematic maps andcan be used to make prevention and mitigation plans.

Group 4 and 5 Conclusions•Group 4– Inventory map for Lima City and Tacna City based on Satellite Imagery and Census Data willcontinue to developing– To improve the inventory data Peruvian Counterpart will contact to Municipalities to getcadastral data.
– For building high LIDAR may be used, for this purpose Peruvian counterpart will request thequotation to a private company.
– Sharing PRISM satellite data with INDECI and CONIDA will be carried out to analyse DSM.
– Future activities:• Complete the building inventory for Lima and Tacna• Join effort with Group 1 and 3 to develop damage assessment maps
• Developing damage detection techniques• Installation of permanent GPS monitoring system at CISMID• Setup of several GPS monitoring point and conduct the correspond measurement•Group 5– New Peruvian Government planning issues for Pisco Recovery was discussed.
– Japanese Urban Planners will study the future land use of Pisco and will provide somerecommendations– Master plan map of Pisco will be share and feedback will discussed by Peruvian andJapanese specialists.
– Propose a way to increase the peoples sensitivity related to Disaster Management Issues.

Group 4 and 5 Conclusions
Master Plan for Pisco 2011 ‐ 2021