The 29th Asia Pacific Regional Space Agency Forum ke-29 (APRSAF-29)“Accelerating Space Economies through Regional Partnership”

Accelerating Satellite-based Data and Information forDisaster Risk Management in Indonesia
BADAN GEOLOGI
Kementerian Energi dan Sumber Daya Mineral
Jakarta, 17 September 2023

BADAN GEOLOGI
Kementerian Energi dan Sumber Daya Mineral

Dasar Hukum: Peraturan Menteri ESDM Nomor 13 Tahun 2016
tentang Organisasi dan Tata Kerja Kementerian Energi dan Sumber Daya Mineral

ISU DAN PROGRAM STRATEGIS PEMBANGUNAN BADAN GEOLOGIIsu Strategis Sub Sektor Geologi Dapat Dikelompokkan
Dalam 4 Pilar Pembangunan:
1. GEOHAZARD (Kebencanaan Geologi)
Increased risks, impacts and victims due to geological disasters
2. GEORESOURCES (Sumber Daya Geologi)
Energy contribution to the clean energy transition.
National energy issue and strategic minerals
3. GEOENVIRONMENT (Geologi Lingkungan)
Geological constraints in spatial planning and infrastructure development
Improved licensing and groundwater management
Geological conservation (Geological Heritage, Geopark, Nature Reserve Area
Geology and Geoheritage (KCAG), Karst Landscape Area (KBAK)
4. GEOSERVICES (Pelayanan Geologi)
Information and service data needs from stakeholders
Facilities, infrastructure and information technology
HR competency and capacity
Geological Regulations

4 PILARPEMBANGUNANGEOLOGI1. Potential and management of geological disasters in Indonesia

Sejak Januari 2021 rata-rata kejadian gempa di Indonesia mencapai lebih dari
600 kali per bulan (BMKG).

The Potential Tsunami Map is based on tsunami events
which occurred since 1629. There are about 110 significant
tsunami occurred in Indonesia since 1629 until 2017 and100 tsunami caused by tectonic earthquake, 9 tsunami
caused by volcanic activity in the sea and 1 tsunami causedby landslide in the sea. North of West and Central Java
caused by 1883 Krakatau explosion (BMKG).

There are atleast 918
locations prone
to landslides inIndonesia.
Every year thelosses incurred
due tolandslides arearound IDR 800
billion, while
the lives
threatened arearound 1million.

II. Experience in using remote sensing data to mitigate geological disasters in Indonesia

Satellite Imagery used by the Geological Agency

For geological mapping, monitoring volcanic eruptions, mapping groundmovements and mapping areas affected by tsunamis.

Sentinel-1 (SAR)
Sentinel-2 (Optic)
Landsat 7-9 (Optic)
SRTM (DEM)
TerraSAR-X (DSM & ORI; 2011-2012)
Radarsat-2 (DSM & ORI; 2010)
IFSAR (DSM & ORI; 2008)

ESDM One Map (https://geoportal.esdm.go.id/)MAGMA Indonesia (https://magma.vsi.esdm.go.id/)

GeoMap Indonesia (https://geologi.esdm.go.id/geomap/)Geological map
resulting frominterpretation ofLandsat-8 remotesensing data,
Digital Surface
Model andOrthorectified
Radar ImageTerraSar-X.
Map at a scale of
1:50,000 withreference to theRegional
Geological Mapand previous
research results.
13III. Need/expectation of remote sensing data for mitigating and managing geological disasters in Indonesia
The 1:50,000 Scale Map Index for the Republic of Indonesia has 3774 map sheet numbers

The utilization of Sentinel-1 and Sentinel-2 in geological disaster mitigation enables
regular, precise, and extensive monitoring of disaster-prone areas, with expectations:
1. Easy and Fast Access: Remote sensing data can be readily and quickly accessible when needed. This may
encompass access to extensive data archives, reliable data distribution platforms, and infrastructure thatfacilitates fast data downloads.
2. Adequate Resolution: Data is expected to have spatial and temporal resolutions that are sufficient tosupport accurate analysis and monitoring. High resolution is necessary for mapping damage and changes
resulting from disasters.
3. Broad Area Coverage: Remote sensing data covers extensive geographic areas, allowing for the monitoringand evaluation of disaster impacts over large regions. This is crucial for swift and effective disaster response.
4. Diverse Data Types: Ideal remote sensing data includes various types, such as multispectral satellite
imagery, radar imagery, and elevation data. The availability of diverse data types enables comprehensivemonitoring.

5. Real-time or Near-real-time: In some cases, such as earthquakes and tsunamis, remote sensing data
available in real-time or near-real-time is crucial for early warning and rapid response.
6. Interoperability: Remote sensing data can be integrated with other data and systems used in disastermanagement, such as Geographic Information Systems (GIS) and early warning systems.
7. Open Data and Free Access: Ideally, remote sensing data for disaster management should be available forfree or at a low cost, with licenses that allow broad and flexible usage by various organizations andindividuals.
8. Support for Analysis and Processing: In addition to raw data, there should also be support for softwareand analytical tools that enable the use of data in risk modeling, damage mapping, and changemonitoring.
9. Local Capacity: Ideally, local users, including local governments and disaster management organizations,should have the capacity and skills to interpret remote sensing data and use it in disaster planning andresponse.
10. Education and Awareness: Users of remote sensing data should have an understanding of how to use itcorrectly. Education and public awareness about the benefits and potential of this data are also
important.

IV. Experience/expectations with international remote sensing institutions(Sentinel Asia/Disaster Charter International/RSO UN-SPIDER BRIN)

EMERGENCY RESPONSE TO LANDSLIDES ON SERASANISLAND, NATUNA DISTRICT, RIAU ISLANDS• Occurred in Genting Area, Pangkalan••Village, Serasan Island which is southeastof Natuna Island at a distance of 93
nautical miles(2° 30’45” LU dan 109° 2’21”
BT).
Occurred on Monday, March 6, 2023 at
11.15 WIB.
Latest update from BNPB & Natuna
Regency Government sd. 18 March 2023
(Close of SAR Operations):
o 50 casualties found.
o 4 individuals still missing.
o 4 severe injuries.
o 3 minor injuries.
o 1 person is receiving medicaltreatmento 478 refugees.
o Material losses: 147 affectedhouses, 1 mosque, and 1
elementary school.

Maret 2023

Satellite image data PLEIADES 16/03/2023
Acquired after a disaster
Date: 16 Maret 2023
Data processing by: Indonesia Regional
Support Office, UN-SPIDER, INASA-BRIN
Supported by: Pusat Data dan Informasi,
Pusat Penginderaan Jauh

Pleiades satellite imagery from BRIN with the resultsof identifying landslide locations of 10 points
including the incident at Kp. Genting, Pangkalan
Village, Serasan Island, Natuna.

EMERGENCY RESPONSE IN SERASAN ISLAND• The Geological Agency sent a Rapid Response Team on March 10, 2023, andconducted the following activities:•Initiated initial coordination with BMKG (Meteorology, Climatology, andGeophysics Agency), PUPR (Public Works and Public Housing Ministry), BRIN
(Research and Innovation Agency) - TMC (Technology and Monitoring Center),BNPB (National Disaster Management Agency), ATR/BPN (Agrarian and Spatial
Planning Ministry), TNI/POLRI (Indonesian National Army and Police), and local
government authorities.

•

Conducted an investigation into the potential for landslides, geological mapping,and geohydrogeology assessment.

•

Conducted a geological feasibility study of prospective relocation sites as part ofdisaster-mitigation-based development efforts, which includes assessing 147
houses, 1 mosque, and 1 elementary school.

•Conducted awareness and information sessions on Land Movement Disasters forgovernment officials, community leaders, teachers, and residents in the Serasan
Timur District.

•The Disaster Alert Team from PT. Putra Perkasa Abadi, under the Ministry ofEnergy and Mineral Resources, assisted in the search and evacuation of landslide
victims, joining the Search and Rescue Operation conducted by BASARNAS(National Search and Rescue Agency), and provided logistical and medicalassistance.

•The Ministry of Energy and Mineral Resources (KESDM) initiated a Charity
Program and provided assistance for improving water quality and groundwater
drilling through the use of pumps.

127 GUNUNG API AKTIF

Monitoring Hot Spots using Thermal Sentinel imagery

Ibu, Mei 2019

Semeru, 20 Juni 2019

Krakatau,
17 September 2018

Agung, 22 Juni 2019

KEMENTERIAN ESDM | BADAN GEOLOGI | PUSAT VULKANOLOGI DAN MITIGASI BENCANA GEOLOGI

Sangeangapi, 19 Juni 2019

Karangetang, 23 Juni 201920

127 GUNUNG API AKTIF

Monitoring the distribution of SO2 gas after the eruption of Mount
Sinabung on June 9 2019 using the S02 Sentinel Sensor.

The Anak Krakatau DEM using the DJI Phantom-4 Drone,March 2019. This DEM can be used to model and calculate thevolume of mountains or craters.

KEMENTERIAN ESDM | BADAN GEOLOGI | PUSAT VULKANOLOGI DAN MITIGASI BENCANA GEOLOGI

21

127 GUNUNG API AKTIF

Monitoring volcanic deformation in Indonesia using SAR ALOS data for the 2007-2009 period(Estelle Chaussard and Falk Amelung, 2010)

KEMENTERIAN ESDM | BADAN GEOLOGI | PUSAT VULKANOLOGI DAN MITIGASI BENCANA GEOLOGI

22

V. Expectations, input and suggestions for Sentinel Asia in particular, or institutions related tointernational remote sensing in general

In response to various strategic development issues, the Geological Agency strongly supports collaboration with Sentinel Asia for
the following reasons:
1.Modernization across Various aspects: Collaboration with Sentinel Asia allows for modernization across various aspects, including
infrastructure, technical equipment, information, and technology, especially in the field of remote sensing. This modernization iscrucial for enhancing the capabilities and efficiency of geological services.
2.Enhanced Internal and External Collaboration: Collaborating with Sentinel Asia facilitates increased internal and externalcollaboration and establishes close partnerships with various stakeholders. This collaboration is essential for expediting and improving
the quality of services and support provided. Sentinel Asia's involvement can greatly contribute to these efforts.
3.Refinement and Strengthening of Work Programs: Working in collaboration with Sentinel Asia can help in refining and strengthening
work programs and services to align with the demands and expectations of stakeholders. This ensures that the services offered areresponsive to the evolving needs of the community and are delivered effectively.
In summary, partnering with Sentinel Asia supports the Geological Agency's goals of modernization, collaboration, andresponsiveness to stakeholder demands, ultimately enhancing its ability to address strategic development issues and provide
valuable geological services.

24 Peraturan Presiden No.23 Tahun 2021 Percepatan Pelaksanaan Kebijakan
Satu Peta pada Tingkat Ketelitian Peta Skala 1:50.000.
 Peaturan Pemerintah No.13 Tahun 2017  Rencana Tata Ruang Wilayah
Nasional

Tim Regional
Support Office
Indonesia, UNSPIDERSENTINEL Asia
Disastermanagement
1:50,000 SCALE THEMATIC MAP UPDATE

Indonesia has the number ofactive volcanoes of 127, the mostin the world and ranks first withthe highest number of fatalities. Of
the 127 volcanoes, only 69 areactive volcanoes monitored by
the PVMBG.

3774 Map Sheets (NLP)
throughout the territory of
the Republic of Indonesia

During the period 1600-2000 there
were 105 tsunami events; 90
percent are caused by tectonic
earthquakes.

There are at least 918 locations
prone to landslides in Indonesia.
Every year the losses incurred due tolandslides are around IDR 800 billion,
while the lives threatened are around1 million.

25

ACCELERATION OF 1:50,000 SCALE GEOLOGICAL MAPPING OF THE INDONESIA REGION
 Presidential decree No.23 Tahun 2021 Percepatan Pelaksanaan Kebijakan Satu Petapada Tingkat Ketelitian Peta Skala 1:50.000.
 Government regulations No.13 Tahun 2017  Rencana Tata Ruang Wilayah Nasional

THREATS

Basics for Implementing Map Acceleration----  - Policy changes and institutional support- Changes to national priority programs- Indonesia in general has geologicalcomplexity, safety, accessibility

WEAKNESS

Required:

ACCELERATIONSTRATEGY

disproportionate
The number of maps to be completed is enormous
Less focus on Mapping Location Priority Scale
Lack of equipment support
Time vs. time mismatch completion target

KESDM SEBAGAIWALI DATA IGT-KSP

 3774 total maps throughout theRepublic of Indonesia
 200 years of conventional
methods
 61 maps are currently newly
completed Implementing human resources
are disproportionate

Percepatan SIGMA• The number of personnel currently available is••••- The need for geological maps is increasing- Users of geological maps are increasingly
widespread- Open collaboration with stakeholders- The development of satellite technology isincreasingly rapid

Peta Geologi
Peta Patahan Aktif Shorter time Output can increase significantly
 Doesn't require a lot of personnel
 PSG has long experience inMaps in Scale of 1:50.000

geological mapping More cost effective

SWAKELOLA PUSAT SURVEI GEOLOGIACCELERATIONKOLABORASI PERGURUAN TINGGI

Roadmap Target andupdating
Geological Maps 1:50.000 and
Active Faults Maps

Remote Sensing Geo-Map

Data Re-Interpretation

Field Survey
Geological
Maps 1:50.000

 SIGMA (Smart Integrated Geological Mapping Acceleration)

TERIMAKASIHBADAN GEOLOGIKEMENTERIAN ENERGI DAN SUMBERDAYA MINERAL
Jalan Diponegoro No. 57 Bandung 40122
Telp: +62 22-7215297
Fax: +62 22-7216444
www.geologi.esdm.go.id