JICA Tokyo's Training and Dialog Programs July-September 2011
Training and Dialog Program on Crime Prevention (the Administration of Criminal Justice)

Counterpart Training on Seismic Microzonation for Peru

In developing countries, although crimes have become more complicated, organized, and international, improvements to their criminal justice systems and the international cooperation required to cope with the challenge have not necessarily been realized.
As a result, criminal justice systems sometimes lose the trust of their countries’ citizens, causing
increased social unrest. Moreover, such situations cause investment and foreign aid to decline,
thereby impeding the development of the self-reliance of developing countries.
Therefore, this training course has been organized to share each country’s experiences and to establish a global network for the exchange of updates to information on best practices, so that the administration of criminal justicein these countries will improve through reference to the latest international best practices.

After the Great East Japan Earthquake, many realized thatearthquakes and tsunami disasters are major threatsagainst the human security, and that well-prepared countries such as Japancannot be exemptedfrom serious damages under the gigantic
earthquake of magnitude 9.0. For reducing such risks, it is
crucial to assess thedisaster hazards andPeruvian and Japanese members of the Project compiling microtremor survey data using a seismometer
upgrade the social resilience. Since Japan has ample experiences in strivingwith natural disasters, it is expected to take a leading rolein the promotion of international disaster mitigation, as it
is stated in “Hyogo Declaration” and “Hyogo Frameworkof Action 2005-2015” by The United Nations World Conference on Disaster Reduction.

In this training course, we choose one important issue to be addressed each year. While considering the selected issue, participants
will review the relevant practices of each country’s practices and discuss more effective countermeasures to address the issue.
For JFY 2011, “Securing the Protection and Cooperation of Witnesses and Whistle-blowers” has been chosen as the main themeof this training course. The reason why we have chosen this theme is that witness and their testimony play a crucial role in securingconvictions as serious crimes, such as corruption and organized crime, are often committed using sophisticated techniques thatleave little trace or physical evidence of the crimes. However, out of fear for their safety, witnesses are often reluctant to come forward and cooperate with the criminal justice authorities. Therefore, it is necessary for us to come up with more effective countermeasures to provide sufficient protection for witnesses.
In the implementation of this training course, JICA has obtained support from the United Nations Asia and Far East Institute for
the Prevention of Crime and the Treatment of Offenders (UNAFEI), one of the United Nations’ regional institutes. Under an arrangement with UNAFEI, this training course will provide participants with various lectures by leading experts in the topic andsite visits to related organizations, such as police, prosecutors, and courts. Moreover, participants will share each of their countries’
practices by presenting reports on the current situation in their countries. Based on lectures, site visits, and the presentation of reports, participants will come up with more effective countermeasures with regard to the main theme through group work, therebybuilding upon the knowledge and experiences acquired in this training course. At the end of this course, participants will formulatea Joint Report which summarizes the discussion, and this report will become a visible achievement of the participants to this training course.
Itaru Chiba Public Policy Division, Tokyo International Center

UNAFEI’s Crime Prevention and Criminal Justice Activities
The United Nations Asia and Far East Institute for the Prevention of Crime and the Treatmentof Offenders (UNAFEI) is an international training and research Institute in the field of crime
prevention and criminal justice, located in Fuchu, Tokyo.
It was established in 1962 by agreement between the United Nations and the Government of Japan. The major focus of UNAFEI’s activities is to provide international training courses andseminars for criminal justice practitioners and to supply useful information to outside institutions and governments. UNAFEI endeavors to assist in the sound development of criminal justice systems in line with United Nations policies and approaches, paying particular attention tothe need to facilitate the ratification and full implementation of the United Nations Convention against Transnational OrganizedCrime (UNTOC) and the United Nations Convention against Corruption (UNCAC).
At present, UNAFEI conducts five multilateral training programs and seminars annually, which form the Institute’s core activities.
Topics recently covered include the following: transnational organized crime; responses by criminal
justice systems to corruption; codes of conduct for criminal justice officials; anti-money laundering
measures; asset recovery procedures; the confiscation of proceeds of crime; witness protection programs; the rights of the crime victims; overcrowding in correctional facilities; community involvement in offender treatment; and treatment of drug-dependent offenders.
The upcoming Training and Dialogue Program, which is UNAFEI’s 149th International Training
Course, consists of lectures given by UNAFEI professors and experts from inside and outside Japan,
discussion sessions, observation visits, and other activities. The curriculum is designed to facilitate
dialogue, during which experience and expertise will be shared, new knowledge acquired, and networks created.
With almost half a century of history, UNAFEI has a wealth and depth of experience in providing useful training programs and anever-growing alumni body, which as of 2010 consists of more than 4,300 practitioners from 130 countries.
Fumihiko Yanaka

Professor, United Nations Asia and Far East Institute for the Prevention of Crime and the Treatment of Offenders

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Peru, as well as Japan, is located on the circum-Pacificseismic belt with frequent occurrences of earthquakes andtsunamis such as in 2001 and 2007. To alleviate the risksof earthquake related disasters, Japan-Peru Center for
Earthquake Engineering and Disaster Mitigation(CISMID) was established within Peru’s National University of Engineering (UNI) in 1986 with support of JICA.
Through its research activities and collaboration with Japanese research institutions, CISMID became the leading
center of earthquake research in South America.
In March 2010, Chiba University commenced a joint research project with CISMID titled “Enhancement ofEarthquake and Tsunami Disaster Mitigation Technologyin Peru” under the frameworks of Science and Technology
Research Partnershipfor Sustainable Development, set by JICA
and Japan Science andTechnology Agency.
This project aims toconduct a comprehensive research towards
earthquake and tsunami disaster prevention Carlos and Rocio check the data of seismometer
placed in Chiba University.
and mitigation in Peru.
Also, the project is highly beneficial to Japan by enablingdisaster mitigation through analyzing the data of interplate earthquakes in Peru.
In this 5-years project, one of the main research topics is“Seismic Motion Prediction, and Seismic Microzonation,”while the others include Seismic Resistant Buildings, Tsunami Prediction, and Earthquake and Tsunami Disaster
Mitigation Planning. Seismic microzonation is a processof subdividing target area into small zones with respect togeological and geophysical characteristics and identify thetypes and levels of risks such as ground shaking, liquefaction, and landslide.
These results will beutilized in planningthe disaster prevention and mitigation
strategy by researchers and public administrations in Peru.
Map of epicenters of earthquakes in Peru

Currently, two Peruvian researchers, Rocio Uriarte andCarlos Gonzales joined the Seismic Motion and Geotechnical Group in Chiba University, Department of Architecture and Urban Science with the program of JICA Tokyo’s
Country-Focused Training course. They have started theirresearch for this topic to improve the technical levels ofCISMID after their arrival in Japan, April 25th which was
shortly after the earthquake.
According to the participants, they are comfortable tocome to Japan after the quake and the nuclear accident inFukushima, as they received sufficient information about the situation from the faculty
and their colleague
from CISMID, Ms. Diana Calderon, who isalso studying at thesame laboratory in Chiba University. Their
training in Chiba UniRocio analising zoning data
versity will continue
until middle of November, during which they will conduct
research and practice on analysis of seismic data with theuse of geographic information system.
Carlos and Rocio are resolved to do their utmost in orderto improve CISMID’s ability in microzonation and implement the technology not only into the project areas, but into the entire country to build the disaster resistant society
in the future.
Tatsuaki Inoue,
Administration Division, JICA Tokyo

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