a ~"'~i.~'*~•.:&· ir..f

Transactions and Proceedingsof thePalaeontological Society of Japan
New Series

No. 48Palaeontological Society of Japan
November 30th, 1962

CONTENTS
TRANSACTIONS
Page

438. Clzlamys and Venericm·dia from the "Ashiya" group in the Yuya-wan
area, Yamaguchi Prefecture, Southwest japan ....................... .
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Mitsuo NAKANO and Kazuo OKMIOTO 311
439. Lower Carboniferous Bryozoa from the Omi Limestone, Japan Part 1:
Discovery of the Projusulinella zone, and Descriptions of Profusulinella,
Cyclostomata, Trepostomata and Fenestel!a .......... Sumio SAKAGA:MI 321
440. Notes on Globigerina nepenthes TODD, 1957 .............. Tsunemasa SAITO
441. Some Lower Cretaceous Pelecypods from the Akaiwa Subgroup, the Upper
Division of the Tetori Group in Central Japan .......... Shiro MAEDA
PROCEEDINGS . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Systematic Index . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Index of Fossils...................... . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

331
343
352
353
356

President : Teiich i KOBA YASH!
Councillors: Kiyoshi AsAKO (Editor of " Fossils"), Riuji Er-;oo (Planning), Haruyoshi
FUJI.MOTO, Shoshiro HANZA>VA. Wataru HASHil\IOTO (Treasurer), Kotora HATAI,
lchiro HAYASAKA, Koichiro ICHIKAWA, Nobuo IKEBE. Teiichi KOBAYASHI,
Tatsuro MATSm.IOTO, Masao MINATO. Tokio SHIKA'\IA (General Affairs), Fuyuji
TAKAI (Editor), Ryuzo TORIYAMA
Secretary : Tetsuro HANAI
Assistant Secretary: Takeo lCHIKA wA

All Communications relating to this journal should be addressed to the
PALAEONTOLOGICAL SOCIETY OF JAPAN
Geological Institute, Faculty of Science, University of Tokyo, japan

Trans. Proc. Palaeont. Soc. japan, N. S., No. 48, pp. 3ll-320. pl. 48. Nov. 30, 1962

.J:\8.

CHLAMFS AND FENHRIC4RDIA FROM THE .. ASHIYA ··GROUP IN THE YUYA-WAN AREA. YAl\IAGUCHIPREFECTURE. SOUTHWEST JAPAN*
MITSUO NAKANO
lm;titute of Geology and Mineralogy, Faculty of Science,
Hiroshima UniYersity
and

KAZUO OKAMOTO
Shinonome Branch School. Faculty of Education.
Hiroshima University

li!D~;l,i!iJ.a.tat.tl!!JJ£0) "~§i .. Rl!lr~ilt. Chfamys c Vrmericardia !C:-:>~''1:: *.l:l!!~i!EO);_t 1,&0) ~7,:/:: ·:n '<: ·;lj ~4t1+!l':Jii!f'?E~ (j·fi -:> t::., -t: <Vfii*. Vmzericardia ( Vl'nericor) sub·llipponica XAGAO IC-:>P<:!iJili:~i@f'i!!C;f:;:j{;,;[~~O)~.([:. :f.;J:(..Sfll!lf*~~O)p!,-5~ U'
c. ~ t~:~JaJJ J.A.:,
q1 :l!f 'it ilf · r.GJ
'ru *-*

Introduction and Acknowledgements

It has been well known that the
Tertiary strata are distributed widelyin the Yuya-wan area of the Japan Sea
side in ·Yamaguchi Pref.. Southwest
Japan.
In 19·12. Suoo reported the occur·
renee of the so-called Ashiya fauna,such as A.cila mirabili:; var. ashiyaeusis
NACAO, Fenericardia subnipponica NA·
GAO, and Polinices (!~'uspira) ashiyaensis
NAGAO from Kiwado in Hioki·mura of
the area. The fact mentioned above
was. however, unfortunately not remark·ed by many geologists and palaeontologists. Subsequently. the Tertiary strati·
graphy in this area was studied by WADA (1955) and others. and detailed inves·tigation is still by the junior author in* Recei\·ed !\larch 22. 1962; read June 2,
1962.

progress. At present. the strata con·t;;!ining the ·· Ashiya fauna" are named
under the "Ashiya" group which is di·vided into the Sakaigawa. Ohuchiyama,
and Taoyama formations in ascendingorder. It may correspond with the Ya·
maga and Sakamizu formations of thetypical Ashiya group (Oligo-Miocene) in
the Chikuho coal-field of Kyushu (OKA·
MOTO,

1960).

Since 1956. the junior author has
engaged in study of the Tertiary geology of the area, and a large amount offossil molluscs belonging to the "Ashiya
fauna" were collected from various hori·zons and localities. Recently, the seniorauthor had the good opportunity of
studying them in cooperation with thejunior author. As a result, the follow·
ing forms of genera Chlamys and Veneri·cardia are discriminated :Chlamys (Cizlamys) ashiyaensis (NAGAO)
Venericardia (Venericor) subnipponica

312

Mitsuo .Y-lKANO ctnd Kaz1w UKHIOTO
NAGAO

Venericanlia ( Venericor) subnipponica
presents somewhat remarkable changeof characters during ontogeny, and has
a fairly large extent of the variation.
It is an interesting fact that in Clilam_rs(Chlamys) ashiyaensis the ctenoriurn isdistinct in the right Yalve.
The materials dealt with in this paper are stored in the Shinonome Branch
School. Faculty of Education. Hiroshima
University.
The authors express their sincere
thanks to Professor Sotoji 1:\IAII!URA of
the Hiroshima UniYcrsity for his kind

Text-figure 1.

guidance. The authors also thank toProfessor Hisashi KusUI~II of the Shinonome Branch School of the same university and Dr. Atsuyuki l\ITZU:'\0 of theGeological Survey of Japan for their helpful suggestions and facilities to study
the specimens kept in their institutes.
Acknowledgements are due to :\lessrs
Yasumitsu Fu:>~A:\IOTO and Kozo l\·IISHI·
l\!A of the same school and 1\lr. Hiroshi
f'vlATSUOKA in Ilioki-mura. Ohtsu-gun,
Yamaguchi Prefecture for supply of thefossil specimens. Finally, the authors
are indebted to the grant in aid of the
Ministry of Education.

!\lap showing the fossil localities in the Yuva-wan

area, Yamaguchi Prefecture.

438.

Chlamys aml Venericardi.a ,f1·om the "A.shiya" m·oup

Description
Family Pectiniclae LA:\IARCK
Genus C/ilamys !Wm;-.;c, 1798
Subgenus Ch!amys s. s.
Chlamys (Chlamys) as/ziyaensis IN AGAO)
Plate ·18. Figures 7-10
1928.

Pee/en (Chlamys) cshiyaensis NAGAO.
Sci. Rep .. Tohoku Imp. Unit• .. ~er. 2. Vol.
12. So. 1. pp. 39-40, pl. 8. figs. 2 and

1928.

Pecten (Chlamys) ashiyaensis var. 'dense·
lilzeatus ~AC.AO, Ibid., Vol. 12 . ."-.'o. 1.

17: pl. 9. figs. 1, 2. 9. 10. 20 and 21.

p. 40. pl. 8. figs. 3-4.

Ch/amys ashiyaensis 1-lrRAY A:l.l.-1., Sci.
Rep. Tokyo [(yoiku Daigaku. Sect. C. Vol.
5. No. -15. pp. 103-104, pl. 6, figs. 5-6.
1960. Chlamys (Cilfamys) aslziyaensis OYAMA,l\lrzu:-;o and SAKAMOTO. //lust. Handb.
japan. P<tlcog. J1!ollusc., p. 119. pl. 28,
1956.

f1gs. la--g.

Alate rial :-llolotype. N .\GAO's ongrnal specimen (1928. pl. 9, figs. 2 and 2a:
IGPS. Reg. No. 36,148). from the Yamaga
formation of the Ashiya group at Yamaga, Ashiya-machi. Onga-gun. Fukuoka Pref .. Kyushu.
Several specimens at hand are moreor less well preserved. Among them.
OK-Ya-45-001"'003 were collected fromthe Taoyama formation at \Yatashibain Yuya-machi. Ohtsu-gun and OK- Ya03-001 was obtained from the Sakaigawa
formation in the cast coast of Kayakari.
Hioki-mura. Ohtsu-gun. Yamaguchi Pref.
Description :-Shell large in size.
acline. inequival\·e. almost fan-shaped
and equilateral exclusive of auricles.
nearly as long as high; left valve moderately inflated but right one not somuch ; antero- and postern-dorsal margin
nearly straight or slightly concave andalmost equal in length and inclination.
forming the apical angle of about 95:11:~

degrees against with each other; ventral
margin semicircular and well rounded
but sometimes subangulated at: junction\\·ith antero- or postero-dorsal margin:
hinge-line straight, about two-thirds ofthe length of the shell ; umbo lying near
mid-point of the length ; byssal auricle
large. about twice as wide as posterior.
protruded. depressed. linguiform or trian~ular. supported by a developed aurict.:lar sulcus. forming a profound byssal
r:otch below ; left anterior auricle large,
about twice as large as posterior. triangular. provided with a slightly sinuatedanterior margin which corresponds withbyssal notch on counter valve; posteriorauricle subequal between two valves.
rather small. obtuse-trigonal. welldefined.
Surface sculpture quite similar inboth valves, composed of about ·10.
slightly elevated, round-topped. radialribs which are almost straight and broadly spaced but they are slightly curved
upwards and narrowly disposed in lheanterior and posterior parts; some 20
ribs of the central part except in thevicinity of the umbo much broader andmore elevated than those of the anterior
and posterior portions. separates into
one large main and two narrow lateral parts by two narrow longitudinalgrooves but often bipartite into nearly
equal parts by a radial groove; intercostal spaces of ribs shallow and moreor less wider than ribs, sometimes intercalate a single narrow rib of the second
o:der; auricules including byssal one
marked with numerous radials and several lamellae. Growth-lines distinct fairly on the whole surface, and concentrically and finely imbricated at the intersections with radial sculptures.
Internally, rcsilifer triangular, ctenorium present, and ventral margin plicated. Test thin and less than 1 mm.

Mitsuo NAKANO and T<az1w OKAMOTO

314

111easurements in mm.
Specimen- - · - - ---OK-Ya-45-00lB

002

Valve

Length

Left

56.0

63.0

Right

ca. 55. 0

ca. 5-l. 0

Height--· - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - -Remarks:-The present specimensare. though rather smaller and moreconvex than NAGAO's original specimens
and the topotypes collected by l:\IA:\WRA. identifiable with this species becauseof their shell form and surface costation.
In KAGAO's original and the topotype
specimens. the ribs of the second orderin the spaces bet\veen the main ribs arewell developed on the whole surface
through growth, but they are limited'to
the anterior and posterior parts in theillustrated specimen (pl. ,18. figs. 7a-h)]\lain ribs are usually tripartite in thecommon left vaiYe. but in the otherform on fig. 8 in pl. ·18 they are usually
bipartite.
It is interesting to see in a rather
small. hut imperfect. external mould infig. 9 on pl. 48 that ctenorium is dis·tinct and well developed and consists ofabout 5, very small and short. triangularmasses.
As suggested already by OY Al\IA etal. (1960. pp. 120-121). NAGAO's Pecten(Chlamys) ashiyaensis var. denselineatus(1928. p. '10. pl. 8. fig. 9 non figs. 3-4) isan interesting form. It is probably amember of subgenus Illimachlamys ofgenus Chlamys because of numerous ra·dial ribs in equal strength and width
on its moderately inflated right valve.
In this aspect. this form looks quite
similar to certain one of Ch!amys (!llimac!tlamys) sakitoensis (NAGAO).
The
other illustrated forms (pl. 8. figs. 3-4,
belong possibly to Chlamys s. s. as canbe judged from the surface sculptureand shell form, and they are closely al-lied to some forms of Clzlamys (Chlamys)
as!ziyaensis NAGAO.
Orcurrcuce :-Rare in pebble conglomerate of the Sakaigawa formation in
the east coast of Kayakari. Hioki-mura,
Ohtsu-gun and in tuffaceous coarsegrained sandstone of the Taoyama formation at 'Vatashiba of Yuya-machi,
Ohtsu-gun. Yamaguchi Pref.
This form is associated with in theformer locality G/ycymeris cisshuensis
1\IAKIYAJ\IA (NAGAO's type). Ostrea sp.,
Cmssate!lites (F:ucrassatella) yabei NAGAO.
Pitar sp., Dosiuia (Phacosoma) c/iikuzeneusis NAGAO etc., hut in the latter place
So/amen subfomicatum (NAGAO), Tfenericardia (Vcnericor) subnippouica NAGAO.
Turritella sp .. l~'uspira aslliyaensis (NAGAO)
and others were collected.

Family Carditidae LAJ\IARCK
Genus Venericardia LAJ\IARCK. 1801
Subgenus Veuericor STEWART, 1930
Venericardia ( Venericori sulmipp01zica
NAGAO
Plate 48. Figures 1-6

Venericardia subnippouica NAGAO. Sd.
Rep .. Tolwkulmp. Unit· .. Ser. 2., Vol. 12.
No. 1. pp. 55-57, pl. 13. Jigs. 9 and 19;
pl. l.J, figs. 1-29.
1955. Vencricardia
sulmipprmira, UozF~II,
Trans. Proc. Palaeont. Soc. ]apau. "V. S ..
No. 19, pp. 76-77.
1956. Vencriwrdia
subuippuuiw. Mrzu:--;o,Bull. Geol. Sun·. ]apa11. Vol. 7. No. 6,
pl. 1. figs. 9 and 9'.
1960. Venericardia ( Veuericor ?) subnippmzica

1928.

438.
()y A~! A.

Chlam.ys and Fencriwnlia. from the .. Ashi!fa" yroup

TV!IZU!\'0

and

SAK,\i\toTO,//Ius/. Handb. fapau. Pa/eog. J/ol/usc.,
pp. 155-156. pl. 47. figs. la-m.

Fenericadia ( Venericor) sub11ipponica,
Rep. Ear. Sci .. Dep. Gen.
lc'du .. Kyuslm c:mir .. No. 7, pp. 84-85.
pl. 10. figs. 1-7.
1961. Venericarcia sulmippouica. KATTO, Explan. Text, Geol. Min. Res ..1/ap Kochi
Prt'/.. pl. 4. fig. 11.
1961.

IIASIIIMOTO.

lHaterial :-Holotypc, NAGAO's origi·
nat specimen (1928. pl. 14. figs. 19 and19a; IGPS. Reg. No. 36045). from the
Yamaga formation of the Ashiya groupat Taya, Ashiya-machi, Onga-gun, Fuku·
oka Pref., Kyushu.
A great number of fairly complete
specimens were collected from several
localities in the Yuya-wan area of Yamaguchi Pref. OK-Ya-09-001""'027 werecollected from the Sakaigawa formation
at the north coast of Kiwado in H iokimura. OK-Ya-X-001 was deriyed fromthe Sakaigawa or the Ohuchiyama formation in the vicinity of juraku of Nagalocity. OK-Ya-26-001 and -27-001 wereobtained respecti\'ely from the Sakaigawa formation (?) at Sumidoko andKitayama in Hioki-mura. OK-Ya-0800lrv002 and -14-001 were collected fromthe Sakaigawa formation in the west
coast and the south of Tsuwo in Yuyamachi. OK-Ya-16-001 came out fromthe Taoyama formation at Kayakari of
Hioki -mura.
Descriptioll :-Shell medium to fairly
small in size, suborbicular to somewhat
trigonal-ovate. more or less inequilateral,a little broader than high, gently convex
from umbo to venter and from anterior
to posterior except for an indist i net
ridge t'Xtending from the umbo to theboundary between the ventral and thepostero-ventral margin. Antero-dorsal:3lil

margin nearly a half to a third as longas the shell. sloped steeply downward,
somewhat excayated beneath the umbo;
antero-ventral margin well rounded but
often subangulated at junction with antero·dorsal. passing gradually into broadly curved ventral ; postero-ventral margin rounded or subtruncated. forming
occasionally an obtuse angle with ventralor postero-dorsal margin; postero-dorsal
margin slightly curved or almost st·
raight and more or less longer than thatof the antero-dorsal. Umbo rather large
but fairly improminent, commonly withan indistinct ridge streching from theumbo to the postero-ventral part; beakprosogyrous, pointed at about anterior
third but sometimes subcentral. Es·
cutcheon somewhat small and depressed.
indistinct; lunule small-cordiform andexcavated.
Surface sculptured with numerous
round-topped, radial ribs which are narrowly disposed and nearly equal in width
to the grooves on the umbonal side but
broad and somewhat roof- or fiat-topped
and alternated with narrow groo\·es on
the ventral part: 7 or so on the posterodorsal slope almost straight, narrowly;;paced and weaker than those of theother portions; anteal about 5 ribs on
the median part of the shell curved an·
teriorly but postea! 5 or so almost straight or slightly curved forward : about
8 on the rest of the shell curved diagonally. Radial grooves distinct in thevicinity of the umbo but gradually become narrow and obscure in the later.
Growth-lines well developed on thewhole surface. especially on the ventral
periphery and the postero·dorsal region.
Internally, ventral margin crenulat·
ed: test thick and measures about 2 mm.
in common forms (L=35mm., H=33mm.).

Mitsuo N.4.KA.NO and Kazuo OKA.MOTO

316

Jieasurements :-in mm.
Specimen

I

LengthValve

Height
-

Right
Right
Left
Right
Right
Left
Left
Left
Right
Left
Right
Right
Right
Left
Left
Left
Left
Left
Left
Left
Left
Left
Left
Left
Left
Left
Left
Left
Left
Left
Left
Right
Bivalved
Right
Left
Left
Right
Left
Left

l.* OK-Ya-09-001

2.
3.
4.
5.
6.
7.
8.
!l.

10
11.

12
13
H.

15.
16.
17.
18.
19.
20.
21.
22.
23.
24.
?-a.

..

26.

_

?-

28.
29.
30.
31.
32.
33.
3·1.
35
36.
37.
38.
39.

---

002
003
004
005
006
007
008
009
010
011
012
013
014
015
016
017
018
019
020
021a
021b
022a
022b
023a
024
025a
025b
026a
026b
026c
027a
OK-Ya-X -601
OK-Ya-27-001
OK-Ya-08-001
002
OK-Ya-26-001
OK-Ya-1<1-001
OK-Ya-16-001

I

I
I

45.0
42.0
32.0
33.0
38.0
26. 7
14.5
22.6
29.6
34.8
18.0
39. 0
40. 0
20. ()
32.4
38.8
33. 1
28. 0
3'1. 5
32.3
35. 0
23.8
41.8
27.6

29. 0
30. 4
17.2
17.7
34.0

I

32. 0
33. 7
21. 0
'10. :i2'1. 839.3
24.0
12. ·I
1-!. 019. 7

I Preumbonal
LengthL/H** U/L

1. 06
1.11
1. 07
1. 18
1. 21
1. 14
1. 01
1. 05
1. 10
l. 23
1. 06
1. 20
1. 21
1. 14
1. 14
l. 09
1. 02
1. 25
1. 02
1. 01
1. 09
L 14
1. 06
1. 03
1. 12

0.29
0.35
0.39
0.39
0. 33
0.46
0.34
0. 40
0.42
0.40
0. 39
0.38
0.30
0.50
0.36
0.41
0. 44
0.38
0.38
0.37
0.46
0.48
0.38
0. 34
0.43
0.39
0.41
0.42
0.42
0.40
0. 37
0.47
0.·11
0. 38
0.50
0.38
0. 47
0.49
0. H

-

42.6
38.0
29.9
28.0
31. 5
23.5
14.3
21. 6
27.0
28.4
17.0
32.4
33. 0
17.5
28.4
35. 7
32.3
22.4
33. 7
32.0
32. 0
20.8
39.5
26.9
26. 0
30. 0
17. 7
14. 7
31. 5
30. 7
30.0
19.3
·13. 2
21. 6
35.0
22.3
10. 7
12.0
16.0

13.0
14.5
12.5
13. 0
12.5
12.4
4.8
9. 0
12.5
13. 1
7.0
15.0
12.0
10.0
11. 7
15. 7
14.5
10.6
13.0
12.0
16. 0
11. 5

15.0
9.5
12.6
12.0
7.0

1. 01

0.97

7.5

1. 20

14.3
12.8
12.3
9.8
16.5
9.5
19.5
9. 0
5.8
6.9
9. 0

1. OS
1. 04

* Numbers correspond to those in text-fig. 2. ** Preumbonal Length.

I

l. 12

1. 09
0.93
1. 15
l. 1~

1. 08
1. 16
l. 17
1. 23

I

438.

Chlam.ys and Venericarclia from the .. Ashiya " group

:317

mm
50

...

•

Relationship between Height and Length of ShelloRelationship between Preumbonal Lengthand Length of Shell

40

..c

0'1
·~

I

•19• ·17 ·21.tg·29"C

c 30
c"26•3 ·~
.15 ·10.....cc•24 ·9
"25

01

·6

Q)

..J

'4

·S

-36
•34

'18

"22

20

•32

"i5
c
0

a33

.c
E

·7

"12

~

'38

a5 •13

al6

::s
Q)

0..

10

23

%2

Of

•37

o38
037
07

o~------~,o~-------2~0--------~3~0--------4~07-------~5~0mm

LengthText-figure 2. Graph showing the relationships b;tween the height and lengthand between the preumbonal length and length of Venericardia ( Venericor) subnipponica N.o\r.Ao.

Remarks :-In the present form,
round-topped ribs near the umbo tend
to be tlat·topped at the ventral peripheryand the test is thick. In this aspect.
this species may belong to a member ofsubgenus Fencrimr of Venericardia.
The surface ornamentation is rather
constant in ontogenetic development. but
the shell form is somewhat variable.
In the earlier stages. the shell (lessthan 30 mm. long and 27 mm. high) is
subcircular to somewhat ovate in outline
and the beak is situated at the positionof subcentral but sometimes anterior
third. The height-length proportion is
1: 0.97 to 1: 1.25. mostly 1: 1.05 to 1: 1.15.
In the later stages, when the shell
is 30-45 mm. long and 28-43 mm. high.
its outline becomes subcircular to oyate·
ly trigonal and the beak shift to aboutanterior third in many forms but rarely
subcentral or anterior fourth.
Theheight-length proportion ranges 1 : 0.93
to 1 : 1.25, but in common cases it is 1 :1.00 to 1 : 1.15.
As already pointed out by NAGAO

Jiitsuo X{}{ASO and Kazuo OK4..lf0TO(1928). UoZUl\H (1955) and others, thisform is variable to a large extent inoutline and number of ribs.
Hecause of ill-preservation in many
forms the surface sculptures on thepostero-dorsal slope and the anterior ex·tremity are not well observable. Thereare 20 to 32 ribs on the whole surface.
but in many cases they are 2-! to 27.
i\lore precisely, the main part of thesurface is sculptured with 8 to 13 ribs,
mostly 10 to 12. On the other hand,the postero-dorsal and anterior extremity
have respectively 6 to 9 and 6 to 10
ribs, but both are 7 to 8 in many cases.
In the outline, the present species
has a certain degree of the variation.
For instance. the outlines are not always
the same even among specimens of simi·
Jar size. The illustrated specimens (pl.
118. figs. 2 and 5) have the orbicular to
subcircular outline. while the otherforms (pL 48, figs. 1 and •la-b) are triangularly ovate in shape. On the otherhand. there are a relatively pentagonal
form (pL 48, fig. 61 and a fairly ovate
one (pL 48, fig. 3). The figured specimen(pl. 48, figs. 4a-b) is higher than broad.
but broader than high in common speci·
mens. In this specimen the posteroclorsal slope of the shell is somewhat
broadly flattened in a plane almost atright angle to the commissure. but it ismore or less indistinct in the others.
ComjHirison :-The present species isclosely allied to Fenericardia nipponica
YoKOYAMA from the Eocene in North
Kyushu, but is different in smaller shelland more numerous ribs. Venericardia(Cyclocardia) vestitoides Ylizt;:-;o from theTokuman formation of the Nishisonogi
group in North Kyushu is closely similar to some immature forms of the present species, but differs in less nume·rous ribs. It has some resemblances to
Venericardia laxala YoKOYA:.·IA from the

Oligocene to the Miocene formations ofNorth Jap~n and Hokkaido in shell formand surface sculpture, but is easily distinguishable from the latter by arcuate
ribs on the surface and the umbo being
more prominent. l·enerirareia pacifera
YoKOYAI\1A from the upper Oligocene ofNorth Japan and from the !\liocene inNorth and Central Japan is distinct fromthe present form by haYing wider intercostal spaces and more distinct tlat·
topped radial ribs.
Occurrence :-Abundant in coarsegrained sandstone to shale of the Sakaip;awa and Ohuchiyama formations andalso in tuffaceous pebble conglomerate
and tuff of the Ohuchiyama and Taoyama formations.
In the north coast of Kiwado. thisspecies is associated with Portlandia ?
sp .. :leila (Acila) asl1iyaensis !NAGAO). Do·
sinia (P/uzcosoma) ,·flilmzenensis NAGAO.
.lngulus (Tellinidest maximus (~AGAO),
Cultellus sp .. Pe1·ip/oma sp., Euspira ashi·
yaensis (N ACAO), bone of mammal ? etc.
In the Sakaigawa formation . .-leila (:leila)
ashiyaensis (NAGAO! and. Do.~inia (Phaco·soma) chilmzenensis !NAGAO) are always
associated with the present species.
So/amen subfomicatum (NAGAO), Chlamys(Chlamys) ashiyaensis !NAGAO). Turritella
sp. and J~'uspira ashiyaensis (NAGAO) areassociated with this species. and werecollected from the Taoyama formation
at Watashiba, Yuya-machi.
References
IlAnE. T. (1931-53): Ge11era <~f japa11ese Shell(in Japanese). Kyoto.
HASHI~IOTO, I. (1960):
Tertiarr i\1olluscan
Fossils from the Kadogawa Formation,
Miyazaki Prefe~:ture. Japan. Rep. Ear.
Sci., Dep. Gen. Edu .. Kyuslm Uniz•., No. 7.
pp. 69-94, pis. 8-IU.
lltRAY.-\~IA, K. (1955): The Asagai Forma-

438.

Ch/a.mys and Venericm·dia f1'om the .. Ashiya" grouption and Its Molluscan Fossils in the Northern Region. joban Coal-field. Fukushima
Prafecture, .Japan. Sci. Rep. Tokyo J(voiku
Daigalm. Sed. C, Vol . .J, No. 29, pp. 79-130,
pis. 1-5.
- - (1956): Tertiary 1\tollusca from Hikoshima. Yamaguchi Prefecture, Japan,\Vith Remarks on the Geological Age ofthe" Ashiya Fauna". Ibid .. Vol. 5. No. 45.
pp. 81-127. pis. 6-8.
hiAMI'RA, S. and K. 0KA~IOTO (1959) : The
Stratigraphy and Geologic Structure of
the :\eogene and Paleogene Tertiary in
the Yuya-wan Area. Yamaguchi Prefecture (in Japanese). ]our. Geol. Soc. japan,
Vol. 65 ..Vo. 766. pp. ·140-441.
KATTO,]. et al. (1960): Geological and Mineralogical Resources :llap of 1\oclzi Prefec·
ture all(l Its [\'xp/anatory Text (in~Japa­
nese). Kochi !'ref.
~hzt::-;o. A. (1952):
Descriptions of the Pale·
ogene :\lolluscs from Sakito, Nagasaki
Prefecture. Trmts. P1·oc. Palaeon/. Soc.
japan. 1\l. S., No. S, pp. 185-193, pl. 17.
- - (1956): A Preliminary ~ote on the
Megafauna) Zones of the Paleogene inNorthwestern Kyushu, japan (for correlation of the Paleogene formation in Japan)(in Japanese). Hull .. Geo/. Sun•. japan, Vol.
7, No. 1;, pp. 25-34, pis. 1-2.
NAl;Ao. T. ( HJ28a) : i\ Summary of the
Palaeogene Stratigraphy of Kyushu,
Japan. with Some Accounts on the Fossiliferous Zones. Sci. Rep., Tolwku Imp. Unit•.,
2nd Ser .. Vol. 12. No. 1, pp. 1-10. pl. A.
- - (1928b): Palaeogene Fossils of the Islandof Kyushu. japan. Pt. 2. Ibid., Vol. 12,
No. 1. pp. ll-140, pis. 1-17.
0KA~IOTO. K. (1960): The Smaller Forami·
niferal Faunule from the Tertiary Formations in the Environs of Yuya-wan,
Yamaguchi Prefecture (Preliminary Report) (in Japanese). }·ukoclm (Foramini·fera). No. 11, pp. 48-53.

:3HJ- - (1961) : Cenozoic Formations of Tsuno·
shima (Island), Hohoku-cho. Toyoura-gun,
Yamaguchi Prefecture (in Japanese).
four. Geol. Soc. japan, Vol. 67', No. 791,
pp. 476-483.
OTUK.\. Y, (l!J39): Tertiary Crustal Deformations in Japan (with Short R.:marks
on Tertiary Palaeogeography). jub. Pub!.
Comm. Prof. Yabe's 60/Jz Birtlu/., pp. 481519.
OYAMA, K., A. Mlzt::-;o and T. SAKA~IoTo(1960) : Illustrated Ham//Jook of ]apa.
nese Paleogene Jiolluscs. Geol. Surv. Ja·
pan.
STEWART, R. B. (1930): G.-\IIU's California
Cretaceous and Tertiary Type Lamellibranchs. Phil. Acad. Sal. Sci., Sp. Pub!.,~vo. 3. pp. 1-314. pis. 1-li.
St.:uo, T. (1942) : Geology and 1\lineralogy of
the Tertiary Iron-Sand Deposits in Japan(in Japanese). jour. Geol. Soc. japan, Vol.
49. No. 558. pp. 335-355.
Uozc~11. S. (1955): On some Molluscan Fos·
sils from the Paleogene Wakkanabe Formation in Hokkaic\o. Trans. Proc. PalaMnl.
Soc. japan. N. S .. 1\'o. 19. pp. 73-80, pl. 12.
WAuA, T. (1955) : On the Historical Geologyof the Yuya-wan Area. Yamaguchi Pre:
fecture-With Special Reference to the
Tertiary Stratigraphy and Fossils (inJapanese). 1Hem. J.iowiri Senior HighSchool (Hiroshima). No. 2. pp. 33-18.
- - , S. hiA:O.Il;RA and A. BAsE (1951): The
Paleogene Tertiary lying to the East of
Yuya-wan. Ohtsu-gun. Yamaguchi Prefecture (in Japanese). jour. Geo/. Soc. japan,
Vol. 57. No. 610. p. 306.
YoKOYA~IA. M. (1911): Some Tertiary Fossils from the l\liike Coal-field. jour. Col!.
Sci., Imp. Fttit•. Tokyo. Vol. 27. Art. 20.
pp. 1-16. pis. 1-3.
- - (1924) : 1\Iolluscan Remains from theLowest Part of the Joban Coal-tield. Ibid.,
Vol. 45. Art. 3. pp. 1-25, pis. 1-5.

Postscript:
The name of "Ashiya" group in this area was changed to Hioki group by 0((A~It)TO andl!<.IA~II'R.·\ (1962).
In the last summer. they also ascertained lhat the Ohuchiyama formation
is evidently equivalent to the upper part of the Sakaigawa formation. The revised straligraphy of the lliol<i group will be soon reported.

320

J1itsuo N.·\I~ANO and T\awo OKA.JIOTO

Explanation of Plate 48(All xO. !l)Venericardi.-r ( Venericor) subnipponica NAGAO . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
. ........ .
........... p. 314
Fig. l. Left valve specimen (OK-Ya-09-022a). Adult stag~.
Fig. 2. Left valve specimen (OK-Ya-09-026a). Early adult stage.
Fig. 3. Left \'alve specimen (OK-Ya-09-016). Adult stag~.
Sakaigawa formation in the north coast of Kiwado, Ilioki.mura.
Figs. 4a-b. Bibalved specimen (OK-Ya-X-001). Adult stage; derived from the Sakaigawa
or Ohuchiyama formation in the vicinity of Juraku, Naguto·city.
Fig. 5. Left valve specimen (OK-Ya-09-020). Early adult stage.
Fig. 6. Left valve specimen (OK- Ya-O!l-006). Middle stage.
Sakaigawa formation in the north coast of Kiwado. Hioki.mura.
Chlamys (C/r/amys) ashiyaensis (NAGAO) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . p. 313
Figs. la-b. An imperfect right valve specimen (OK-Ya-45-002A-B): Taoyama formation
at Watashiba in Yuya.cho.
Fig. 8. An Imperfect left valve specimen (OK-Yu-03-001), showing the surface ornament:
Sakaigawn formation in the east coast of Kayakari, Hioki·mura.
Fig. 9. An imperfect immature right valve specimen (OK-Ya-45-003). showing ctcnorium.
Fig. 10. Internal castthe left valve specimen (OK-Ya-45-00lB).
Taoyama formation at Watashiba in Yuya·cho.

ofNAKANO and OKAMOTO:

Chlamys and Venericardia

Plate 48

Trans. Proc.:. PalaconL Soc. Japan. N. S .. No. 48. pp. 321-330, pls. 49. 50. Nov. 30. 1962.

-1:39.

LOWER CARBONIFEROUS BRYOZOA FROMTHE OMI LIMESTONE. JAPANPART 1: DISCOVERY OF THE PROFUSULTNEJ.J.,A ZONE. AND
DESCRIPTIONS OF PROFUSULINELLA. CYCLOSTOMATA.
TREPOSTOMATA AND FENESTELLA*SUMIO SAKAGAMI
Department of Geology, Hokkaido Gakugei University~iij:tiEK!6-P1rr$EvHiL!I#.sft.:r:i.,~~~~~L.

-t-OJ 1: T!:fiij'EfK!6-0J cl *iJ>!?~ IA:!Wsft:tll3 Ji.i.i~OJ!\f.s~~-~~~-OJtOJ~OJ~&·#~~L.

-'COJ~~9-~E~Lt;:.., ti\1. ~!il.{t::ti~~t.'~Jt.PIC Profusulinelta sp. ~~)Jij[A.:.OJ"C. -'COJii2.4!1(t,:l;;~t.i:-:>t.:.o tiE*· ~'lilj4:JFJ(!j5<::1;1: Profusulinella 1lfbim!?*t"'CPf.i:iJ>-:>t.:.1Jj, Profusulinella sp.
O)jffiJ'!ICJ:-:> "'(, iii Ill (1958) 0) Millerelfa-Corai-Brachiopod 1*~ Millerella 1*~ Profusulinella;)jfh:::=.7}i'«~~~i-:f$«t.:,

~

J:

i!}

7C

discriminated by KATAOKA.
The present paper contains the de·scriptions of one fusulinid, Profusulinellasp., and nine species of Bryozoa in thefirst part and 13 species of Bryozoa inthe second.
The writer is greatly indebted toProfessor J-laruyoshi FUJili!OTO of the
Yamagata University. Professor Teiichi
KOBAYASHI of the University of Tokyoand Professor \Vataru J-IASHL\IOTO of
the Tokyo University of Education for
their continued guidance and encourage·
ments. He is also grateful to Professor
Kotora I-IATAI of the Tohoku University
for his kindness in reading the manu·
script and l'vlr. Hiroshi FUJITA of the
Tohoku Boring Co. Ltd. for his paperon the Omi limestone. The writer also
wishes to express his respect to Dr.
lchiro HAYASAKA whose pioneer works
on Bryozoa have stimulated his study.
All of the specimens treated in thisarticle are preserved in the collectionof the Department of Geology, Hakodate

Introduction and Acknowledgements
HAYASAK.'\ (1924) described and illus·
trated six species of Bryozoa \Vith theother invertebrates from the Omi lime·stone. This was the first description of
the Paleozoic Bryozoa in japan.
In the summer of 1961, the writervisited the fossil localities of the Omi
limestone and collected many bryozoan
specimens from the limestones croppingout at Nishiyama and J-ligashiyama.
These localities are included into theCoral-Brachiopod zone of KA\YADA tl954)
and the :11illerella·Coral-Brachiopod zoneof FUJITA (1958).
The Bryozoa described in this article
comprise 22 species in 13 genera andwere collected from the upper part of
the J\!lillere/!a-Coral-Brachiopod zone fromwhich FUJITA reported the occurrenceof eight species of Bryozoa which was* Received !\•larch 31, 1962: read June 2,
19()2,

321

Snmio SA.KAGAJII:322

School of the Hokkaido Gakugei University.
Discovery of the Profusulinella zone

FUJITA (1958) found Mi/lerella sp.,from the Millerel/a-Coral·Brachiopod zone
and stated that this zone is underlain
directly by the Fusulinella zone although
no stratigraphic break between the twozones could be observed. He suggested
that the Millerella·Coral- Brachiopod zone
may correspond to the Projusuline/lazone in the Akiyoshi limestone of TORI·YAMA (1954) because the many corals
from the Millerella-Coral-Brachiopod zone
indicate the Visean-Namurian age. He
further suggested that the Projusu/ine/lazone which was defined by THOMPSO:-\(1948) may be contained even thoughno species of Profusulinella have beenfound.
During the microscopic observationof the Bryozoa, the writer found a few
Projusuline!la sp. in the thin sections.
According!}', the writer believes that
the Millere/la·Coral-Brachiopod zone of
FUJITA can be divided into two zones.
the Mil!ere/la zone and Profusu!ine/lazone, although the stratigraphic relation
between them remains to be determined.
Literatures used for the present study
will be given at the end of Part 2.

Description of Pmfusulinella
Profusulinella sp. indct.
Plate <19. Figures 1-'1

One of the three tangential sections
cut near the axis shows the essential
generic characters of the indetemined
species. Shell minute, fusiform withslightly inflated median part.
Axial
length about 2.0mm, median width about
1.0 mm, and form ratio about 1 : 2. Ma-

ture shell with 5 or 6 volutions. Spiro·
theca thin. composed of thin tectum,
upper and lower tectoria, and no observable diaphanotheca. Thickness of
spirotheca 0.24 mm in the outer volutionsof best specimen but obscure in inner
volutions. Septa thin and almost unfluted throughout. Tunnel about onethird to half as high as chambers.
Chomata rather well developed in outer
volutions. Tunnel sides of chomata very
steep, but poleward slopes gentle.
Remarks :-Because of the badly oriented specimens and insufficiency of thematerial at hand, more materials arc
necessary before the species name canbe determined. However. the present
form belongs to the genus Profusulinella
and its similar to Profusuliue//a beppeusis
ToRIY AMA which was described from theCm" zone of the Akiyoshi limestone in
the size and general appearance of inner
structures except for the lateral slopesof the present form which are straighter.
Of the three specimens at hand, thefirst (Reg. no. 11202) occurred in association with Rhabdomeson yabei SAKAGA?-11,
n. sp. and Su/coretepora comjJ/icata SAKA·
GA!\11, n. sp .. and the second tl1211) with
Prismopora nipponica SAKAGA~JI. n. sp. ;but the third i11230) was not found inassociation with any bryozoan species ina section.
Locality :-Nishiyama.
Remarks on the Bryozoan Fauna

The following forms of Bryozoa fromthe C1 zone of the Omi limestone were
described and illustrated by HAYASAKA(1924) :Fistulipora minima HAYASAKA
Fcnestel!a spp.
Polypora sp.
Phyllopora sp.

Hatostomella sp.

439.

Bryozoa from the Omi Limestone. Pt. 1

Of the above mentioned forms. Phyl!opora sp. may be referable to Protoretepora hayasalwe SAKAGA:\II, n. sp. The
genus Phyl/opora KI:\G is included in thegenus Protoretepora DEKOl\1::\CK as a synonym by BASSLER (1953). Ratos/ome/lasp. may belong to the genus l!ayasal?apora as already mentioned by the writer(1960).
Recently, FUJITA (1958) reported
without descriptions and illustrations
the following eight forms of Bryozoa,
which were discriminated by KATAOKA:.-!scopora sp.
Fenestella sp.
Fistulipora cf. mrmma IIA Y ASA KA
J11oorep!ryl/oporina ? sp.
PenniretejJOm sp.
P!ryl!opom ? sp.
Protoretepora sp.
Thamnisctts sp.
The genus Ascopora determined by
KATAOKA in the above list is a Permian
to Carboniferous genus in Soviet Russia
but is not known from deposits of similar age in the United States of America.
The writer observed many thin sections
containing Bryozoa of the area and failed to find any specimens of ilscopora
but could observe abundant Streblascopora. There are some similarities
between ilscoj)(}rrt and Streblascopoi·a in
the presence of central bundle, and it isthought by the writer that !lscopora sp.
discriminated by KATAOKA may belong
to Streblascopora. Moorephyl/oporitla? sp.
is a genus Moorephylloporina know only
from the middle OrdoYician of Strasburg. and its occurrence in FUJITA's
collection may be doubtful.
The writer discriminated the following 22 species distributed among 13
genera from l'\ishiyama and lligashiyama.
Nishiyama:
Fistulipora minima 1-IA YASAKA

323

Fistulipora sp. indet.
C/rei!oto·pa sp. indet.
Prismopora nipponica SAKAGAMI. n.
sp.
Stenopora nishiyamensis SAKAGAMI,n. sp.
Fenestella kmmdae SAKACAMI. n. sp.
Fc:nestella binodosa SAKAGA:\11. n. sp.
Feneslella cf. triserialis lJ I.IUCII
Feneslella sp. indet.
Polypom fujitae SAKAGA:'-11, n. sp.
Penniretepora cf. irre~,rtt!aris (l\EKHOIWSIIEV)
Pemziretepora regularis SAKAGAl\11, n.
sp.
PennirdejJOra sp. indet.
Protoretepora lzayasakae SAKAGAl\H,n. sp.
R!rabdomeson yabei SAKAGAi\11, n. sp.
Streblascopora amabilis SAKAGAMI, n.
sp.
Streblascopora grossa SAKAGAMI, n.
sp.
Strebloliypella ? sp. indet.
Sulcoretepora complicata SAKAGAMI,n. sp.
Higashiyama (the limestone contatmng
Bryozoa were collected in the tunnel
No. 2. This tunnel is divided into
two and the writer researched theleft one) :i) At about 100m from the entranceof the tunnel :Rhmnbopora sp. i ndet.
Sulcorc:tepora ? sp. indet.
Fragments of fenestrate bryozoa, etc.
ii) At aboUl 350m from the entranceof the tunnel :Penniretepom liigaslliyanumsis SAKAGA~II. 11. sp.
Streblascopora grossa SAKi\GAl\11. n.
sp.
Fragments of Fenestella and Rlrombopora etc.
They were found in a grey limestone in association with 1'11illere/la sp.,

Sumio SJl!ClGJlA/1

324

Profusulinel!a sp., corals, brachiopods andcrinoid columnals. Among the 22 species
discriminated from the bryozoan specimens, 12 are determined to be new toscience, 7 are indeterminable, 1 is identical with a previously known form Irom
the Omi limestone and 2 show resemblance with known foreign forms.
Fistulipora minima IIA YASAKA described here coincides with the typespeciemen which HA YASAKA describedand illustrated from the C 1 zone of Omi
limestone in 192-l. Fenestella cf. triserialis ULRICH and Penniretepom cf. irregula·1·is (NEKIIOROSHEV) seem to be. related
to the named species. Fenesle!la triseri·alis was described originally from the
Keokuk group of Kentucky of the United States of America by ULHICII (1890)
and reported from the lower Carboniferous of SoYiet Russia by NIKIFOROYA(1933), NEKIIOROSHEV (1948. 1953! andTRIZ~A (1958). Penniretepora irregu/aris(NEKHOROSIIEV) was recorded originallyfrom the middle Carboniferous of Soviet
Russia by NEKHOROSHEV (19,18). The
other species described as new to science
are more or less related to some previously described Russian species asmentioned later.
In general. the present fauna seemto be related more to the Russian fauna
than to the North American fauna.
Description of Species
Genus Fistulipora .M'COY. 1850

Fistulipora minima HAY ASA KA
Plate 49. Figure 5
1924.

Fistulipora minima ll.\YASAKA. Sci. Rep..
Tolwl<l( Imp. Univ., Ser. 2, Vol. VI II.
No. 1. p. 55, pl. VII. fig ..J.

Zoarium lamellate, Yariable in thickness, maximum thickness about 3 mm.

Zooecial tubes usually straight from theproximal lo distal ends. small in sizeand circular or oval in tangential section. Their larger diameter 0.21 mm to0.22 mm and shorter one 0.14 mm to
0.16:mm. There are usually five to sevenzooecia per 2 mm. Lunarium developedin zooecial tube of mature zone. about
O.Q.Jmm thick. occupying about one-third
to one half of zooecial circumference:
hO\vever, absent in immature zone. Interspaces between zooecial tubes 0.16 mm
to 0.21 mm and filled with well developed
vesicular tissue which is regularly arranged in longitudinal rows. subquadrate
in longitudinal section. and irregularly
polygonal in tangential section. Two to
three rows of vesicles in interspace between zooecial tubes. Vesicular tissue
becoming gradually fine on approachingsurface of zoarium. Diaphragms straightor slightly concave. and spaced at intervals of one to two times of zooecial diameter, seven to eight per 2 mm of zooecial tube.
Remar!?s :-The present species wasreported originally from the Omi limestone by HAYASAKA l192,1). There aresome defferences between 1·1 AYASAKA 's
original description and the present one.
IIA YASAKA described that " horizontal
tubulae (diaphragm) rather rarely developed", but the present form has diaphragms spaced at intervals of one to
two times of zooecial diameter. The
writer also observed the zooecial tube
having rarely developed diaphragms insome sections of the species and thezooecial tubes lacking diaphragms had
been destroyed or dissolved by the secondary phenomenon. So, the writerbelieves that HAYASAKA's specimen had
many diaphragms originally althoughmany of them were lost later. From theabove mentioned consideration, the present form is included in Fistulipora

439.

Bryozoa frorn. the Omi Limestone. Pt. 1

minima HAYASAKA.
Locality :-Nishiyama.
11251. 11255, 11257. 11275.

Reg. nos.

Fistulipora sp. indet.
Pbte -19. Figure 6

Only one section of zoarium attached to fenestrate bryozoa. Zoarium
lamellate, its thickness measured in partof longitudinal section about 1.3 mm.
Diameter of zooecial tube 0.24 mm to0.28 mm and about the same from inner
to outer. Interspace between zooecial
tubes filled by well developed vesicular
tissue which is scale-like in longitudinal
section. one to three rows of vesicles ininterspace between zooecial tubes. Lunarium present. but very weak. Stereom
covering vesicular tissue not developed.
Diaphragm may be absent.
Remarks:- The present form can be
distinguished easily from Fistulipora
minima by coarser structures. The detailed comparison with the previously
described species is reserved until better
preserved specimens accumulate.
Locality :-Nishiyama. Reg. no. 11221.
Genus Clieilott:vpa ULRICH, 1884
Cl!eilotrypa sp. indet.
Plate 49. Figure 7

A single transverse section after
dichotomosing, so t\vo axial tubes observed in a section. Diameter of zoarium
about 2.8 mm. that of axial tube 0.52 mm
to 0.60 mm. Ratio of axial tube to diameter 1: 4.5. Zooecial tubes may run
for a short distance along contact \Vithaxial tubes, but curve outward, become
perpendicular to surface of zoarium. Dia·
meter of zooecium measured in shorterone 0.24 mm to 0.28 mm. lnterspaces
between zooecial tubes well developed,

vesicular tissue scale-like in transverse
section. Lunarium may occur but indistinct. No dark fibrous tissue covering
vesicular tissue. Diaphragms usually notobserved. but one in inner zone of sometubes.
Remarks :-Insufficient for comparison with known species.
Locality :-Nishiyama. Reg. no. 11221.
Genus Prismopora HALL. 1883
Prismopom nipponica SAKAGA:O.Il. n. sp.
Plate 49. Figures S-10

Four transverse sections were obtained from the same zoarium. Zoarium
triradiate at an angle of about 120' toeach other. sharply triangular with con·cave sides in transverse section. Csually.
width of sides measured from edge toedge variable, 4 mm. 4.5 mm and 4.5 mm
in smallest specimen. 11 mm. 12 mm and
14 mm in largest one. Three rays ofmesotheca straight or somewhat curved,
radially developed from center to edges,
measuring 2.0 mm, 2.5 mm and 2.8 mm
in smallest specimen. about 7 mm, 9 mm
and 9 mm in largest one. Thickness
from center to most concaved points
0.60 mm, 0.68 mm and 1.2 mm in smallest
specimen. about 2.5 mm. 3.0 mm and
3.0 mm in largest one. Zooecial tubes
about parallel to mesotheca for a very
short distance. then passing upwards to:;urface. Zooecium oYal. 0.16 rnm to0.21 mm in tangential section. with wellde\·eloped lunarium. Lunarium occupy·
ing about one half of zooecial circum·
ference. its thickness not measurable
owing to ill-preservation. Diaphragm
usually lacking. but sometimes one disposed al inner part of zooecial tube.
lnterspaces between zooecial tube filled
by well developed vesicular tissue regularly arranged in longitudinal rows, sub·.Sumio SAKAGAMI

32G

quadrate or scale-like in shape. Two to
three rows of vesicles in intcrspaces
between zooecial tubes. Vesicular tissue
rather coarse in inner part. but becoming
gradually fine on approaching surface ·of zoarium.
Remarks :-Only three species of thegenus Prismopora have been describedfrom the Carboniferous of the UnitedStates or America by ULRICH (1890). andone of them was given no specific name.
The present form can be easily distinguished from those three species by thelarger zoarium and more complicatedinner structures. Recently. CROCKFORD(1957) reported on three species of Pris·
mopom but two of them were question·
ably referred to the genus from the permian Noonkanbah formation of the Fitz·
roy Basin. West Australia. The present
form is rather similar to one of them.
namely. Prismopora? triradiala in thecomplicated inner structures. The present form. however. is smaller than P.?
triradiata in the size of zoarium andzooecial diameter, and the mode of vesicular tissues is also different. Further.
the present form ha\·e no diaphragm andwell developed lunarium but P.? triradiata has many diaphragms in thezooecial tube and lacks the lunarium.
Locality :-Nishiyama. I~eg. nos. 11250(holotype), 112:12. 112·!3. 11248.
Genus Stenopora LO!\SDALE, 1844

Stenopora nisliiyamensis SAKAGA:\11, n. sp.
Plate 50, Figures 1-2

Two oblique sections from the samezoarium. Zoarium consisting of cylindrical stem. about 5 mm in diameter. Zooe·
cia! tube bending gradually outward in
longitudinal section. and circular nearsurface. rounded polygonal in immaturezone in tangential section. Arrangement

and form of zooecial apertures not observed. Diameter of zooecial tube inmature zone 0.24 mm to 0.32 mm. and 5
to 6 zooecia per 2 mm. Zooecial wallthin in immature region, becoming
gradually thick to surface. Moniliform
thickening of wall developed but not sostrong. l'vlesopore rare. usually circularin form. and its diameter 0.08mm to0.13 mm. One megacanthopore usuallypresent at each point of intersection ofzooecial walls and a few micracanth·opores in one row but somewhat irregular in each interspace of megacanthopores. Diaphragm usually lacking but
one very rarely occurred in mature zone
of_tube.
Rnnarks :-BASSLER (1953) defined
the genus Stenopora as follows: .. Zooecia thick walled, with well dewloped monilae; without diaphragms. One
megacanthopore on distal side of eachzooecial tube and many micracanthopores
between tubes, mostly at zooecial angles;
mesopores lacking". l'vlany of the previously described species. however. have
diaphragms in the zooecial tubes. Although the writer unfortunately could
not refer to the original descriptionof the genus Stenopom by Lo:-;soALE.
there are some questions to include thepresent form in this genus because thepresent form has diaphragm but very
occasionally in the mature zone of tube.
The present form differs from the known
species of Stenopora and its similar
genera.
Locality :-Nishiyama. Reg. nos.
1123-1 (holotype). 11235.
Genus Fenestella LONSilALE. 1839

Fenestel!a kawadae SAKAGA:\11. n. sp.
Plate 50, Figure 6; Text-figure 1

A single tangential

section, fan·439.

Bryozoa from the Omi Limestone. Pt. 1

shaped of straight branches connectedby dissepiments at regular intervals.
\Vidth of branch slightly narrower thanfenestrule. usually 0.2lmm to 0.24 mm.
above bifurcation 0.16 mm. 18 to 20
branches in 10 mm horizontal. Fcne·
strules oval to elongated elliptical in
outline. its width and length 0.22 mm
to 0.45 mm and 0.67 mm to 0.77 mm. re·spectively, 11 to 12 in 10 mm length ofbranch. Dissepiment very strong, its
width about as wide as that of branches.
0.16 mm to 0.24 mm. Zooecial tube bending outward. circular at upper level ofbranch. 0.08 mm in diameter, but becoming triangular with rounded corners at
middle and lower levels of branch. Zooecial apertures 20 in 5 mm length of
one row. and almost perfectly stabilizedin position of aperture in relation todissepiments. usually 3.5 apertures per
fenestrule. Interspaces between zooecial
apertures 0.16 mm to 0.18 mm. Carina
well developed, straight. but its heightis unknown. Nodes regularly arranged
on carina. Outside diameter of node
about 0.064 mm. about 15 in 5 mm lengthof branch.
Distance between nodes
0.21 mm to 0.27 mm. Usually, a coupleof ovicell like substances attached at
proximal sides of dissepiment.
. !lfeslucork formula :-18-20/11-12//20/15.
Remarks:- The nearest to Fenestellalwtcadae SAKAGAW, n. sp. is Fenestella
bu/ditannensis \\'h ich NEKHOIWSI!EV ( 1956)
reported from the lower Carboniferous(upper Tournaisian to lower Visean) of
the Altai 1\line and Kuznctz basin in
the meshwork formula (18-20/ll-13//1920/13-15). Howe\·er, the present form
differs from F. bukhtarmensis by theshape of zooecial tubes in the tangential
section. It may be an important charac·
ter of the present form that there is a
couple of ovicell like substances usuallyT;;xt-figurc 1. Fenestella kawaclae SAKA·
n. sp., tangential section. holotype(Reg. no. 11204-B).

G.-\~11.

attached at the proximal sides of eachdissepiment.
The specific name is dedicated to
Dr. Shigema l(AWADA who was engaged
in the stratigraphic and paleontologicalstudies of the Omi limestone.
Locality:- N ish i yam a. Reg. no.
11204-B (holotype).

f(mestella binodosa SAKAGA:VII, n. sp.
Plate 50, Figure 5; Text-figure 2

A single tangential section. Formof zoarium uncertain. Branches straight.
parallel. bifurcate at wide intervals, narrower than width of fenestrules. ·widthof branch 0.21 mm to 0.24 mm. 18 to 20
branches in 10 mm. Fenestrules rectangular with rounded corners in outline
and its width and length 0.34 mm to0.38 mm and 0.37 mm to 0.43 mm, respectively. and about 20 in 10 mm length ofbranch. Width of dissepiment moderate,measures 0.14 mm to 0.16 mm. Zooecial
tube bending outward, kidney-like form
at upper level of· branch and rounded
trapezoidal at base. Zooecial aperture
circular. 0.08 mm to 0.10 mm in diameter,

328~u1nio SAKA.GAJJ/

20 in 5 mm length of one row, and perfectly stabilized in position of aperturein relation to dissepiments. 2 apertures
per fen est rule. Interspaccs between zo·
oecial apertures 0.13 mm to 0.15 mm.
Carina developed probably but lo\v. Twokinds of nodes regularly arranged on
straight carina. Diameters of larger andsmaller nodes 0.08 mm to 0.11 mm and0.03 mm to 0.05mm, respectively. Twosmaller nodes usually disposed between
larger ones. lnterspaces between larger
nodes measures 0.-10 mm to 0.48 mm. between larger and smaller nodes 0.10 mm
to 0.18 mm and between smaller nodes·0.06 mm to 0.13 mm.
Mes/m:ork formula:- 18-20/20//20/
10*.
Remark~:- The present form is thenearest to Fenestella il'allOIJi Sl!llLGANESTEHENKO (1951) from the Kasimovsky
horizon (C~'') of the Russian Platform in
the meshwork formula (18/18/ /18) andin the width of branch being narrower
than that of fenestrule, but it can be
distinguished by thicker zooecial walland two k i nels of nodes arranged on
straight carina. There are a few species
known which have two kinds of nodes.

* 10: number of larger nodes in 5 mm.

0

0

0
0

0

0

Text-figure 2. Feneste/la bi11odosa SAKAn. sp., tangential section. holotypc(Reg. no. 11222).

GA~ll.

such as Fenestel/a pmeforaminosa NEKHObut it has five smaller nodes between larger ones.
Locality :-Nishiyama. l~eg. no. 11222(holotype).

ROSHEV

Fenestella cf. lriserialis ULRICH, 1890
Plate 50, Figure 4; Text-figure 3
1890.

1933.

Fenestella triseriatis U1.1nCII, Geol. Sun•.
Illinois, Vol. VIII. p. 5-11. pl. L, figs.
4, 4a.
Feneste/la aff. triserialis, :\1 KIFOROV A,

Explanation of Plate 49
Figs. 1-4. Profusulilzella sp. indct.
1-3. tangential sections. x20. Reg. nos. 11211, 11230 and 11202, respectively, -1. enlarged
part of Fig. 1, showing the structures of the spirotheca .. x 60.
Fig. 5. Fistulipora mi11ima HA YASAKA
Longitudinal section, x20, Reg. no. 11257.
Fig. 6. Fistulipora sp. indel.
Longitudinal but partly oblique section, x 10, Reg. no. 11228.
Fig. 7. Cllf1ilolrypa sp. indet.
Transverse section, x10, Reg. no. 11221.
Figs. 8-10. l'rismoj>ora nipponica SAKAGAl\11, n. sp.
8, transverse section of holotype, xlO, Reg. no. 11250, 9, enlarged part of holcrtype, x40,
10. enlarged part of paratypc, Reg. no. 11248, showing the central zone, x40.

SAKAGAMI :SAKAGAMI

Bryozoa from the Omi Limestone, Pt. 1

photo.

Plate 49

439.

1948

Btyozoa j}·om the Omi Limestone. Pt. 1

Trans. United Geol. Prospecting Sen·.
USSR. Fasc. 207. p. 18.
Fenestella cf. lriserialis, Nr:KIIOIWSHE\',

Akad. hTauk 1\az. SSR .. pp. 23. 24.
1953. Fenes/ella triserialis. ~EKIIOIWSHEV.
.-lkacl. Nauk SSSR.. pp. 96. 97, pl. 10,
figs. la. b. pl. 12. figs. 1. 2.
1958. Fenestclla lrisaialis. TRIZ:"A, Trudy
FSIGRI. 122, pp. HO, 141. pl. XLI,
fig. 2, text-fig. 14.

A single tangential section. Formof zoarium uncertain. Branches straight.
parallel. bifurcate at wide intervals, aswide as width of fenestrules. Width ofbranch 0.21 mm to 0.30 mm, 19 branches
in 10 mm. Fenestrules elongated ellipti·
cal in outline. its width and length0.24 mm to 0.32 mm and 0.51 mm to
0.6•1 mm, respectively, 13 in 10 mm lengthof branch.
Dissepiments relatively
strong, its width 0.18 mm to 0.19 mm.
Zooecial apertures 0.06 rum to 0.08 mm, 20
to 21 in 5 mm length of one row. usual·ly 3 apertures per fenestrule; rounded
triangular at lower and middle levels.
Interspaces between zooccial apertures
about 0.10 mm. Carina and nodes developed, but interspaces bet ween nodes indeterminable. Stereom covering the re·verse side. rather coarse striations devel·l~-~~a:s.(i\8QiiJ:.
?11oi€Qit
1~n~()1,,lmm

Text-figure 3. Feneslella cf. triserialis
l:I.RICH, tangential s-'!ction, (Reg. no. 11232).

329

oped along the length of branch.
Meshwork formula :-19/13//20-21/ ?.
Remarks :-Fenestella t1iserialis UL·
RICH was first recorded from the Keokuk
group of the United States of America .
and subsequently from several localities
in Soviet Russia by NIKIFOROVA (1933),
NEKIIOROSHEV (1948. 1953) and TR!ZNA(19581. There are no conspicuous differences between the present form and
LTI.RICH's holotype except for the absenceof the small spots disposed between thezooccial tubes. which are shown in theholotype. The present form is the nearest to NEKHOIWSIIEV's specimen which
was reported from the upper Tournaisian(C~ ) of Kazakhstan, Soviet Russia inthe meshwork formula (18-20/12-13/ /1819) _and other characters.
Locality :-Nishiyama. Reg. no. 11232.
2

Feneste!la sp. indet.
Plate 50, Figure 3

A single fragmentary tangential section. Form of zoarium uncertain but
probably fan-shaped. Wiclt h of branchless than a half or wicllh of fenestrule,0.19 mm to 0.21 mm. Fenestrules rectangular with rounded corners in outline,
their width about 0.118 mm, but theirlength indeterminable. Dissepiment rather weak, its \Viclth 0.11 mm to 0.13 mm.
Zooccial tubes trapezoidal with rounded
corners at lower to middle levels oftangential section, but not observed at
upper level. Number of zooecial tubes
about 20 in 5 mm length of one row.
Single row of nodes regularly arranged.
Outside diameter of node about 0.048mm,
about 20 in 5 mm length of branch.
Intcrspaces between nodes 0.22 mm to0.24mm.
J\feslucork formula :-15/?//20/20?.
Remarks :-The present form can be
distinguished from the above described

330

Sumi,o SAIGG.41HI

three species, but it is not named owing
to the ill-preservation and indistinctionof the number of fenestrules per 10 mmof zoarium.
Locality :-Nishi yam a.

Reg.

no.

11239-A.

Explanation of Plate 50
Figs. 1, 2. Stenopora tlishiyamensis SAKAGA~II. n. sp.
1. oblique section of holotype, x 10, Reg. no. 1123-l. 2. enlarged part of holotype, showing
the wall structure. x20.
Fig. 3. Fenestella sp. indct.
Tangential section, x 10. Reg. no. 11239-A.
Fig. 4. Fenestella cf. triseria/is ULR ICII
Tangential section, x20, Reg. no. 11232.
Fig. 5. Fenestella binodosa SAKAGAMI, n. sp.
Tangential section of holotype. x20, Reg. no. 11222.
Fig. 6. Fenestel/a kawadae SAKAGA.\11, n. sp.
Tangential section of holotype, x20, Reg. no. 11204-B.

SAKAGAMI :SAJ<AGAM I

Bryozoa from the Omi Limestone, Pt. 1

photo.

Plate 50

Trans. Proc. Pa\acont. Soc. Japan. N. S.. No. 48, pp. 331-3-12, pis. 51. 52, l\ov. 30. 1952.

-!-!0.

NOTES ON GLO!JIGERINA. 1VEPENTHES TODD. 1!:!51*
TSUNEMASA SAITO
Institute of Geology and Paleontology.
Tohoku University

Globigerina nepenthes TOOl), 1957 IC-:>P"C: I'F~M::fffl!l; G. nepenthes OJ)lffl~it'.t­
Topotype :lo~u-t~.tfl!~IP ~i~ ~nt.: Hypotype ~ b .t t: GT~t/t.:, ;i;:~OJ!Ii!'fl:~<OJ

f:l* ·n ') :f;lfiitl!.l!t • (i}:ffi •tj:l~:;t~i'f.i1!!..1!t~OJ¥!H5·!C b.tTP"'C~IT'tt..,. l!.J!.~i!J:tr1'L!I;1t:En:~ o!:fE~~tl:5:t-OJt.:~~:dc:::M-t o*~OJfiffii!A~~i$ U.:o ..COJt3!f':, *liJUi I:$ Helvetian :l':i~(..( Tortonian i!M'OJ1Ml!fJ:/J;~ft:ti.ttJ7.>C..t7.r>;1!J.J!::t:tL~o
1ri iii ·.!j'~ .IE
il'!f~.t.il!!m!il~;tm~.

Introduction

The planktonic Foraminifera, Globigerina nepenthes ToDD. was originallydescribed from the t-.liocene Donni sandstone member of Saipan, l\lariana Islands
in 1957. This species. as stated in thetype description, is distinctive in having
the protruding thumb-like final chamber
resembling the pitcher plant flower Nepenthes. Owing to this morphologicalpeculiarity, it is one of the most characteristic Miocene planktons which may beeasily discriminated from foraminiferal
assemblages. Outside the type locality,
G. nepenthes was also noted by the original author in Cuba, the Dominican
Republic. Trinidad. \Iorocco and Kabu
in East java. Through the comprehensive studies on the planktonic Foraminifera of the Caribbean regions by Bou.J(1957) and BLOW (1959). the stratigraphic
range of this species was definitely allocated in terms of planktonic foraminiferal zones.
* Received April 17. 1962; read at theAnnual Meetjng of the Society at Sendai, Jan.
20. 1962.

During the studies on the planktonic
Foraminifera from Japan and some foreign regions, the writer found the species from many new localities and thus
had the opportunity to compare themwith the topotype. And special interestof the writer was attracted to the occurrence of G. nepenthes from the type Tortonian locality in Italy in connection
with inter-regional correlation of theplanktonic foraminiferal zones. Fromthe studies of previous authors and thewriter, it appears that G. nepenthes isgeographically widely distributed andrestricted in time. Nevertheless. therecord of the present species seems to
be rather rare in the papers on planktonic Foraminifera. In this concern, thepresent study is devoted to the discussion of the age, distribution and morphology of GlobiJ.!erina nepenthes ToDD.
The writer thanks Dr. Shoshiro HA~­ZAWA for his permission to study theforaminiferous rock samples from l\Jicronesia. Thanks are also extended to professors Kiyoshi ASANO and Kotara HATAJ of the Institute of Geology andPaleontology, Tohoku University for
their continuous guidances and encour:~:n

T11unemasa SAITO
agcments. Dr. Hiroshi LIJIIE, of the Geological and !vlineralogical Institute. Tokyo University of Education, kindly aided in preparing the oriented thin sections and photomicrographs. l'vlr. Naoaki
AOKI of the same Institute generously
shared his rock samples bearing G. uepeutl!es from the Kiyosurni formation in
the Boso Peninsula, japan.

Materials and Scope of the
Present Study
The topotype and hypotypes herein
illustrated arc from the four localities
mentioned below. And brief notes on
the lithology of each rock samples, fromwhich G. nepenthes was extracted, arealso added. All of the types are deposit·
ed in the Institute of Geology and Paleontology, Tohoku University. The pre·fix IGPS to the collection catalogue num·bers is the abbreviation for Institute ofGeology and Paleontology, Sendai.
1. Donni Sandstone Member : Southof Sadog I Hasngot, Saipan. C\lariana Is·
lands. Locality S 162 of HA!\ZA'WA (1957,
p. lU. pl. 39). White fraiable Globi~erinamarl.
2. Type Tortonian locality : Staz·zano. Sant"Agata dei Fossili. Tortona.
20 kilometers east of Alessandria. Italy.
3. Shimoshiraiwa locality: Shimo·shiraiwa. Nakaizu-machi, Shizuoka Pre·
fecture; Izu Peninsula. Lat. 3·1'58'N ..
long. 138'59'E. Light brown, loose cal·careous coarse grained sandstone with
abundant LePidocyclina (see IIANZAWA,
1931).
11.
Kiriyama~~1 udstone.
Sagar aGroup: A cliff along the Katsumata
River, midway between llonda and Ni·
shimura, Kiriyama. Haibara-cho, Shizu·
oka Prefecture. Lal. :H "46' 13"N .. long.
138.10'44"£. Gray mudstone.

For tht' present study. 136 specimensof the species were extracted from therock samples of the Donni t}'pe locality
as the topotypes. The morphologicalvariations of G. nepe11flies were studiedin comparing with those from outside
the type locality. Variations of the
topotypes and several hypotypes are
discussed and some representatives areillustrated. An approach to trace themorphological variation during ontogeny
is attempted by dissecting the laterchambers and studying the thin-sectionof the test.

Globigerina nepenthes TODil, 1957
Plate 51. Figures 1-4: Plate 52. Figures 1-8

Globigerina nepet~tlles Tonn, 195i, p. 301, pl.
78. figs. ia, b. T~·pe locality : Northeastcentral Saipan, USGS f 21578 (S 621),
Donni Sandstone Member, Miocene, Mariana Islands.
Globigerina nepenthes ToDD. BoLLI, 1957, pp.
111, pl. 24, figs. 2a -c. Globorotalia mayeri
and Globorotalia nwuardii Zone. Lengua
Formation. Miocene, Trinidad.
C!obigerma nepeu/lzes ToDD. BLOW, 1959, pp.
178, li9, pl. 8, figs. •H, 45. Globorotalia
maye.ri/Giobigerina nepenthes Subzone andGloborotalia menardii meuardii/Globigeriua
nepetztlzes Zone, Pozon Formation, Miocene,
Venezuela.
Sj>haeroidinellojJsis nepenthes (TODD). BERMUDEZ, 1961, pp. 1277, 1~78. pl. 10, figs, 1a,b. La Trinchera, Provincia Azua, Republica Dominicana. 1\Iiocene.
Sphaeroidiuel/opsis neprmlhes (TODD), var. constricla BERMUDEZ. 1961, p. 1278. pl. 10,
figs. 2a, b. Atlantis Sta. 2971 (lat. 20'34'
N., long. 74.24'\V.), depth of 810 fathoms,
north of Baracoa, Prov. Oriente, Cuba,
Middle Miocene.
(;{obigerina nepenthes ToDD. T AI<A YA:-.'AGI
and SAITO, 1962, p. 89. pl. 25, figs. 2a-c.
A cliff, 100m cast of Nobori. MurotoCity, Shikoku (IGPS loc. no. Ko-25; lat.
33°22'!J 11 N .. long. 134"3'33"E.), Nobori Formarion, Middle 1\Iiocene, Japan.

440.

Globigerin(l. nepenthes TODD

Diagnosis of tlze orif.[inal autlwr :.. Test small, compactly coiled except for
the last·formed protruding chamber;height of spire ranges between three·quarters of and equal to diameter ofspire. Chambers indistinct, slightly in·
Hated; 4 chambers constituting the lastwhorl. with a fifth elongate chamber
extending downward and at an angle tothe axis of coiling. Sutures indistinct,
except the last few which are indented.
"Vall thin. calcareous. perforate. orna·
mented by a rather coarse car:cellation.
Aperture large and semicircular or broad
and arched at the umbilical edge of the
protruding chamber. bordered by athickened and slightly upturned lip ofclear shell material. Diameter exclusiveof protruding chamber 0. 30-0. 37 mm ;greatest dimension of test 0.42-0.58 mm."
(TODD, foe. cil. ).
Remarks :-The most characteristicand distinctive feature of G. nepenthes
is its protruding thumb·lil<e final cham·ber which extends from the penultimate
chamber at an angle to the axis of coil·ing. Usually lh·e chambers constitutes
the last whorl, but the fifth protruding
chamber is sometimes not developed as
discussed later. The forms with fourchambers in the last whorl, as well as
those remoYed of the fifth chamber,show a tendenqr to become more strong·ly embracing and globular in shape. In
such globular forms. the apertural lip
is often indistinct except for the ones inwet condition 1pl. 51. figs. la-c; pl. 51.
figs. 2a-C). Considerable variations areobserved in the mode of development of
the fifth chamber as discussed below
in detail. The aperture is umbilical,
interiomarginal and Yaries in size con·siderably in accordance with the formof the last chamber. The chamber wallis usually rather coarsely cancellated
except for fifth one. The earlier cham·bers show fairly high trochospiral arrangement in coiling. The sutures areindistinct in the earlier whorls and thechambers of the earlier ontogenetic stage
are frequently obscure. In the laterchambers. however. the sutures become
to be indented. but show no traces of
the chamber flange. The coiling of thetests is observed in the Donni to benearly random in direction (slight pre·ferencc to the left in 72 to 64 among 136
specimens) and no morphological difference due to the mode of coiling is noted.
Having no supplementary apertures on
the spiral side, this species is easily dis·tinguished from the genus G!obigeri·
11oides. The maximum diameter measured in the present study ranges from
0. 20 to 0. 43 mm exclusive of the pro·truding chamber; maximum diameter of
the test 0. 22 to 0. 56 mm.
BERMUDEZ !foe. cit.) transferred thisspecies to the genus Sp!zaeruidine!lopsis.
laying stress on that ; " Last chamber ismuch reduced, the wall is very thickand the aperture has a tendency to ex·
tend towards the dorsal side of the test.
characters which are related more withthe famous species of Sp!weroidiuel/opsis
grimsda!ei (KEIJZER) and has the chambers more enlarged towards the ventral
side. which nearly completely cover theumbilicus" {freely translated).
According to the generic diagnosis
of Sp/weroidinel/opsis originally given by
BANl"ER and BLOW I 1959. p. 15). thisgenus has the wall structure similar tothat of Sp!weroidin.e/la and the primary
aperture is furnished with a smooth orcrenulate lip. though these features arevariable. But in the present species,
the writer could observe neither tracesof the shiny shell surface due to thedevelopment of cortex. nor the crenulate
lip. Sp!weroidine//opsis grimsdalei (KEI·
JZER) which was compared with theTsunemasa S.4ITO

334

present species by BERC\IUDEZ, has thesegeneric characters. The crenulate lipof S. grimsdalei is traced ontogeneticallyas early as from the penultimate chamber, when the later chamber is precedingly dissected. The aperture of G.
nepenthes is a simple one, bordered bya thickened, slightly upturned rim·likelip and arched at the umbilical edge ofthe protruding chamber. Therefore, thewriter considered this species to be nota Sp/wemidinellopsis. but a G/obigerina
as defined originally by TODil.
In the same paper. BERJ\IUDEZ pro·
posed a new variety of the species. Splw·
eroidinel/opsis nepenthes( TODD) var. con·stricta, which was distinguished from thetypical by having the test constantly
smaller in size, usually with flve chambers in the last whorl. the last and an·tepenultimate chambers much reducedin size, and more coarse perforations of
the wall. The characters of the newvariety, however. are common to manyof the topotypes at hand and it seems
to be evident that the new variety falls
within the range of variation of thetypical and the distinction bet ween themis very difficult. MoreoYer, the erectionof a new variety after the year 1958 has
no taxonomic status even subspecificallyaccording to the mimeographed Draft
Code adopted in 1958 at the 15th Inter·national Zoological Congress in London(Art. 12, Sec. 3). Therefore, the newvariety constricta is herein included in
the typical as a synonrm.
Morphology.
Although only two figures of theholotype, side and umbilical view. wereshown by Tovv. considerable variationsof G. nepenthes are found in the shape,
wall ornamentation and mode of development of the peculiar fifth chamber. In

the same population of the present species, however, the forms without development of the fifth chamber in the lastwhorl are frequently recognized. These
forms and also those removed of the
protruding fifth chamber show generally
one embracing globular shape of the test(pl. 51, figs. la-c; pl. 52, figs. 2a-c). This
globular test is a common morphologicalcharacter of G. nepenthes up to the stage
before adding of the final protruding
chamber. And it is characterized byhaving the uniformly cancellated test,
one arched aperture which is nearly
symmetrically placed above the two sutures between the three earlier chambers.
These morphological features are traced
as early as from the first whorl of thetest and the rim-like lip of the aperture
becomes more indistinct (pl. 52. fig. 3).
Nevertheless. the four chambered forms
as discussed above should not be con·sidered as the immature stage. considering the size of the test. but seem to berelated with some ecological conditions
during life. In the Donni. they are
rather rare in occurrence. but only thetype without the fifth chamber is foundin the Kiyosumi formation of the Boso
Peninsula, Japan (lat. 35 · 11 '-l5"N.). andit appears to be identical with the specimens from the type Tortonian locality.
The fifth chamber is very lobulate
and protruded and extends from thepenultimate towards the peripheral endof the preceding coils. A study on thevariation of the typical nepenthes, theforms with its protruding fifth chamber,reveals l wo types in morphology. One
general type comprises the forms bearing the same wall thickness and perforation throughout the stages of chamber
development. The other is typified by
the final chamber with very thin andfinely perforated wall (pl. 51. figs. 4a-c;
pl. 52, flg. 1). In the latter case. the final

440.

Globigerina nepenthes TODD

chamber has the same appearance as thebulla found in several planktonic species:
namely, the chamber wall is composedof one layer of shell material (see pl. 51.
fig. 8). resulting in the fragile. somewhat
translucent appearance. and the chambersometimes shows a transformed development as in the specimen of pl. 52. fig.
1. However. it differs from the typicalbulla in not covering wholly the aperture of the penultimate chamber. In thispoint, it also may be compared withthose found in G!obigerina angustiumbilicata var. (TAKAYANAGI and SAITO,
1962). but the distinction is possible inthat every last chamber of G. nepenthes
is in full growth as large as the penultimate one in contrast to those of G.
angustiumbilicata var. which is like as
an appendage.
The writer once assumed that thedifference of the wall characters in the
final chamber might be caused by thedimorphic life-cycle of Foraminifera.
Although some attempts were made toprove the statement with the thin-section of the test. no marked difference inthe size of the proloculus was foundamong the two types as discussed
above. HoweYer. recent investigations
have proved that the size of the proloculus was not always the factor to discriminate gamont or agamont of Foraminifera and that occasionally there is eventhe reversed relations of each gamontor agamont to the absolute size of the
proloculus (HALL, 1961. p. 257).
It also may be supposed that theforms with this bulla-like fragile fifthchamber represent the preparing stageof sporulation as discussed in someplanktonic Foraminifera by HOFKER(1959). i\luch to be studied, but this isreserved for another opportunity.

:t35

Age and Distribution
Since the publication of this taxon.
the geographical distribution of G. nepenthes has been proved to be wide. In
the following paragraphs. reviews anddiscussions are made on the geologicalage of the present species reported fromthe different regions and some new localities are added.
Trinidad
In Trinidad, BOLLI 0957) described
the planktonic assemblages of the Cipero
and Lengua formations. ranging in age
from Oligocene to l\liocene. and divided
them into 13 planktonic foraminiferal
zones. Two of them, namely the Globorotalia mayeri and Globorotalia meuardii Zone in ascending order. are in the
Lengua formation. G. nepenthes was recorded from the upper part of the G.
mayeri Zone from where it extends to
the G. menardii Zone. This stratigraphic
range of the present species in Trinidad
had been reported in the type description (TODD. foe. cit. 1• In a later paper.
BOLLI (1959) regarded these two zones
as ranging in age from the uppermost
Burdigalian to the lower Helvetian.
Venezuela
In 1959. BLOW made a detailed study
on the foraminiferal fauna on the upper
Tocuyo and Poz6n formations in theeastern Falcon region of Venezuela. In
this study, two zones were newly established above the G. memmlii Zone of
BOLI.I, and the G. mayeri and G. menm·dii
Zones of BoLLI were emended laying
stress on the restricted range of I;, nepenllzes; namely. the Globorotalia mayeri
Zone was subdivided into the two Subzones, G. mayeri/G. nepenthes and G. mayeri/Globorota/ia lenguaensis. and the Globorotalia meuardii Zone was extended
upwards stratigraphically as the G. me-

c.:>
c.~

::;-,

1

Kange of~Dia
gnostic Species

TRINIDAD
Bolli 1957

VENEZUELAEUROPE
Stoiolorth 1960
Blow 1959 Lnng Q!bl!t•Gl<>blgerina
bulloidcs
Zoneu;--- -- -- - ....,en!.e 'i

:;

~

·-

u;
f -a - <b

1~
2

.2

::i

;;
0

lj

"'
~i
-;;~

""'

~~-

~~

-ES!

0~

~~

.
~..
."'
0:

"'"' -- ·ii"

f

o

...

Globorolalio
menordiiZone--- j ~ ~

0

'()

:;::
E Globorololio
mayerl

0

Zone

N

0

Donni
Sandstone

N

N

I ZU

Noborig Kir1yomo F.

Formation~ Wado F.

>,!:' Sogaro F.

::E

j Toklgoyo F.

"

Shimoshtroiwa
Locality·~

Subzonex Lepldocyclinoi3

U: Globorolalio

HelvetianSubzoneGloborotalia

fohsi Zone

tohsi Zono

( s. 1.)( •. 1.)

Text-figure 1.

Kiyosumi

Konomatazawa
Formation

~

;

::::;
Q

G. nepenfhes~

f)SekiyaFormation

Formation

2 Globorololio
!:'0
'~·

....1

Anno
Formation

~

0
N

~
G.moyeri/
0...2

SHIOBARA~

G. mayeri/

0

BOSO

0

xOpercullno0~

Tortoni an

Zon9

0
lL.

c::

It~

.,.

menordil/

....

-

A

<.!)

menarcW

0 Globigerlna00--------

E nepenthes

c:

I~

....0

c: Gk>boro!ollo·-p
A
KAKEGAW.4

Horinouchi
Fo:mation

:::J

Zone

Cll

SHIKOKUa.

faunas...::J(,)-~ !;Sormatianflops issernmulino

faciesJ
MIYAZ.O.KI------

Sphoeroidme-~ Arenaceous"'-

SA I PAN

Burdigalian

Zonal correlation of lhe Globil{ctitlll IU'/>r'tli/l('s-bearing formations(Zone name emended in par!).

;:;,

r:.n
;::...

....

d

440.

Globigerina. nepenthes TODD

nardii menardii/G. nepenthes Zone. These
relations are tabulated in text·fig. 1.
According to the study of Br.ow, thestratigraphic range of G. nepenthes wasallocated in terms of planktonic foraminiferal zones. Although not definitely
stated, he suggested that the Tortonian/Helvetian boundary might be placed be·
tween the G. mayeri Zone and G. menardii menardii/G. nepenthes Zone laying
stress on the first appearance of Globorotalia acostaeusis and the extinction of
Globorotalia mayeri in the Tortonian.
Antillean region
In this region. BER:\IUDEZ (1961) reported new localities of the species. One
is in Provincia Azua, Republica Domini·cana and the other is off the coast of
Cuba. The former is assigned to the
Miocene age and the latter to the middle
l'vliocene.
EuropeIn regard to the correlation of planktonic foraminiferal zones with the classic
European type stage. hitheno the opinions diYerged because of the poor planktonic fauna from the type areas. HoweYer, these disagreements are gradually
lessening with the accumulation of new
evidences.
STAI:-\FORTH (1960) reviewed and discussed the transatlantic Oligo-1\Iiocene
correlation by means of planktonic Foraminifera. According to him. the levelof extinction of Globorotalia mayeri (=the boundary between G. mayeri/G. nepenthes Subzone and G. menardii menardii/G. nepenthes Zone) coincides well withthe 1-lelvetian/Tortonian boundary. And
Globorotalia menardii menardii developed
from Globorotalia praemenardii at about
the top of the Globorotalia johsi Zone
(s. I.). However, none was verified byhim at the top of the Tortonian stage.
T AKAYANAGI and the present writer(1962). examined the type Tortonian331

fauna and gave some discussions on thisproblem. In their study. the following
planktonic species were identified fromthe type Tortonian locality: Globip,e1·ina
apertura CUSHMAN. G. bu!loides n"ORBIG·:>:Y, G. eamesi BLOW. G. nepenthes TODD.
Globigerinoides bollii BLOW, Splzaeroidinel!opsis seminu!ina (Scuw AGER). Orbulina
uniz,ersa n'ORBIGNY, Globorotalia scitu!ascitula (BRADY) and de. Also referring
the study of DTECI (1959) on Lhe Tortonian fauna in Italy, they assumed thatthe type Tortonian fauna might be correlated with the G. menardii menardii/G.
nepenthes Zone. But they refrained fromdefining the top of the Tortonian in termsof planktonic foraminiferal zones because of inaccessibility of the materials.
During inYestigations of Foraminifera, the writer had the opportunity to
examine the Helvetian fauna collectedfrom Tuilerie d'Aigues Vives (Herault),
France and found such species as: Globorotalia mayeri CUSI-!IV!AN and ELLISOR.
G/oboquadrina larmeui AKERS. G/obigerinaroncimza REVSS and eft.. but not G.
nepenthes. If stress is given to the coexistence of G. mayeri and G. !armeui,
the Helvetian fauna of that region isolder than the G. menardii menardii/G.
nepenthes Zone. This result secn:s tocoincide with STAINFORTH"s (foe. cit.).
From the foregoing paragraphs. the conclusions deri \·ed are as follows.
The Helvetian/Tortonian boundaryis marked by the top of the G. ma_rcri/
G. nepenthes Subzone.
Although it was not found from the1-lelYetian probably due to some ecological condition, G. nepenthes may be assumed to have its stratigraphic range
contemporaneous with the upper Helvetian and Tortonian.
Japan
In the course of study on the planktonic Foraminifera of Japan. many ne\V

T.~unemasa

3:38

Text-figure 2.

S.·lll'O

Index map showing the distribution of Gfobigerina nepenthes in Japan.

localities of the present species were
found by the writer and his colleagues.
G. nepenthes bearing formations of Japanare tabulated in text-fig. 1. comparing
its fauna with the planktonic foraminiferal zones. Only the diagnostic ones
among the species associated with G.
nepenthes are listed in each localities forthe sake of age consideration.
Miyazaki District :-Planktonic faunaof the area \vas studied by NATORI of
our Institute. G. mayeri was found onlyin the basal part of the l'vliyazaki group
together with large Operculina. And in
the lower half of the group, G. nepenthes
is continuously found in association withthe following species.
(Co-existence throughout the range of G.
nepenthes)
Globorotalia menardii menardii (PAR 1\ER,]OJ'ES and BRADY)
Globoquadrina altispira a/tispira (Cvsu:\IA:-< and ]ARV!S)Globoquadrina venezuelana (HEDBERG)
Globigerinoides bollii BLoW
Pulleuiatina obliquiloculala (PARKER and]0:-<ES)Sp/uteroidinellopsis seminulilut (Scuw AGER)(Only in the upper part of the range of G.
nepent Ires)
Globorotalia menardii miocenica PALl\ I ER

Globigerina apertura CusiBL\K
Globoquadrina dehiscens (CHAPMA:". PARR
and CoLL!:"S)

Shikoku :-Planktonic fauna from theNobori formation of Shikoku had been
described by TAKAYA:\AGJ and the writer (1962). The Nobori fauna is closely
correlated with the G. menardii mcnardii/
G. nepenthes Zone.
Kakegawa District:-The Sagara
group yielded the present species
throughout in its sequence. One representative from nearly the top horizon ofthis group is shown in plate 52. The
concomitant species are as follows.
Globorotalia menardii menardii (PARKER.
JoNES and BRADY)
Globorotalia menardii miocenica PAL~IER
Globorotalia menardii miotun:ida ]EXKINs
Globigeri11oides botlii BLOw
Sphaeroidinellapsis semi mtlina (ScHwA.
GER)

Sp/zaeroidinet/opsis lwclli (CAUDRI)

Izu Peninsula :-Since the earlier partof this century, the Lepidocyclina bearing
calcareous sandstone exposed at Shimoshiraiwa attracted the interest of many
Japanese geologists. The larger Foraminifera from that locality was studied indetail by HAI\ZAWA (1931\. 'Vith regard
to the stratigraphy. however. opinions
diverge because of the narrow exposure

440.

Globigen:na nepenthes TODD

and the isolated distribution of the sedimentary rock series. The following
planktonic Foraminifera were noted inassociation with abundant Lepidocyclina
in the same rock sample.
Globorotalia lenguaensis BoLl.!
Globorotalia mayeri Cl.iSH:\IA:-: and ELL!·SOR

Globorotalia menardii menardii (PARKER.
Jo:>;ES and BRADY)
Globigerina glutinata EGGER
Globigerina nepenthes Tooo
Globoquadrina dehiscens (CHAP~! A:>;, PARR
and CoLJ,IKs)
G!oboquadrina larmeui AKERS
Globoquadrina ~·enezuelana (liF.DrlERG)
Globigerinoides botlii BLOW

This assemblage is eYidently thatof the G. mayeri/G. nepenthes Subzone.
And the fauna has close affinity withthose from the Pozon formation of
Venezuela.
Boso Peninsula :-Lo\\·er to middle
part of the Kiyosumi formation : G. nepenthes is rarely found with some otherplanktonic sp~cies.
(Middle part of the formation)
Globorotalia me~1ardii miocenica P.-\l.!,IER
Globigeri11a dipiostoma REVSS
Globigerinoides bollii BLOW
(Lower part of the formation)
Globigerina angustiumbilicata BoLLIThe middle assemblage is correlativewith the G. menardii menardii/G. nepentlzes Zone. But the lower one only indicates that it may be placed in the rangeof G. nepenthes.
Slziobam District:- The Kanomata·zawa formation in this district yieldeda rich molluscan fauna and Foraminifera.
From the upper part of that formation,
the present species was recognized inassociation with:
Globorotalia lenguaensis BoLLI
Globorotalia menardii menardii (PARKER.
Jo:>:F.S and BRADY)

Globigerin.a woodi ]EI"KI'\'S
Gtoboquadrina l"enezuefaua (HEDHE Rli)

3:39

Gfobigerinoides boltii BLow
Sphaeroidine/lopsis semi milina (Sc HI\' AG·ER)This is the northernmost locality of G.
nepenthes (lat. 36"57'N., long. l39'53'E.)
hitherto known in Japan.
SaipanA detailed and comprehensive study
on the geology of Saipan ..Mariana Is·
lands \Vas published in 1956 by CLOUD
et a/. In the paper, the Donni sandstone,
from which G. nepent!zes was originallydescribed, was defined as a member ofthe lvliocene Tagpochau limestone. They
noted the following field relations of theDonni to the Tagpochau proper. "AI·though at any given place the Donni
member may lie relatively above. below,
or within the local Tagpochau succession. its general distribution patternsuggests that it properly occupies a position somewhere near the middle of theformation ... Although the Donni member
appears transitional to other beds atsome places and wedges out into presum·
ably equivalent strata at others, it also
seems to abut generally contemporaneous or slightly older strata at otherplaces (p. 69)." ·· ... the Donni sandstone
member was observed to wedge out intoand beneath lower Tertiary e Heterostegina bomeensis limestones (=Tagpochau
limestone) (p. 70). ··However. if their observations of the
field relations between the Donni and
Tagpochau are accepted. great discrep·
ancy results in the age assignment of thetwo, based upon the larger and smaller
planktonic Foraminifera.
The Tagpochau larger foraminiferal
fauna is considered to be the Tertiary e
stage in the Indonesian letter time scale(=now considered as equivalent to the
Aquitanian stage), from the yield of
Lepidocyclina (Eulepidina). Spiroclypeus.
Miogypsinoides and other. On the con-

3-!0

Tsunemasa SAITO

trary, the \niter found planktonic species from the Donni which may be correlated with the Tortonian age (=G. me·nardii menardii/G. nepenthes Zone): suchas, Hastigerina siplwnifera (D' 0RRIG:\Y),Globorotalia menanlii menardii (PARKER,]ONES and BRADY). G. tumid:t (8RADY),
Globigerina nepenthes Tonn, Globigeriuoides bollii BLOW, G. conglobatus (BRADY).
G. immaturus LEROY. G. sarwl(f'er (BRADY),
G!oboquadrina altispira allispira(CUSII:\IA~ and JARVIS), G. eximia (TODD).
Orbulina unilJersa D' ORBIGNY. Splz.aeroidinellopsis seminulina (SCHWAGER), S. lwchi (CA !JDHI). S. subdelziscens (BLOW).
Pulleniatina obliquiloculala (PARKER and
Jo~Es). and etc.
A similar contradicting age determination based on these two types of Foraminifera was also recognized in the
study of the i\Iap fauna of Yap. Caroline
Islands as a result of correlation withthose of Saipan (COLE el a!.. 1960). But
no satisfactory explanation for their conflicting age determination had been
given.
From the viewpoint of evolution ofplanktonic Foraminifera. as stated also
by COLE et a!. (op. cit.). local expansionof ranges of index species or changes ofsequence of zones are unlikely. This
trouble seems first to originate in thatthe same kind of Foraminifera. whether
it is larger benthonic or smaller planktonic, could not be found through thetwo formations. The Tagpochau mainly

consists of hard limestone and its microfauna must be studied with rock sections which is unsuitable for the studyof smaller planktonic. on the other hand
the Donni comprises soft tuffaceous marine sediments without larger Foraminifera, but from which the planktonic
fauna may be easily extracted. And
second it is also possible that the Donni
sandstone may not be a member of the
Tagpochau but a separate formation
overlying it.
To settle the problem. an attempt
was made in the present study, to extract the planktonic fauna from the
Tagpochau. After treatment with Glauber's salt. the species listed below were
fortunately available from the Tagpochau proper in association with several
larger Foraminifera in the same sample.
The larger Foraminifera as listed below
were identified by S. HANZAWA.
Locality S 22 of HA;-.;ZAW.-\ (1957). raYine
head of Kanat Tadung Mahetog, Saipan(IGPS coli. cat. no. 65873):
Spiroc!ypeus tidoenganensis VA:-< IJERVLERI<

Globorotalia cf. lmgleri BOJ.l.l
Globigerina angustiumbilicata BOLLI
G!obige1·ina woodi }E:>:Kr:--;sGlobigerinoides altiapertura BoLLI
Locality: Laulau railway cut, Saipan (IGPS
coli. cat. no. 65878):
Lepidocyclina (Eu!epidina) formosa (SnrLU:\·!BERGER)

G!obigerina angustiumbiticata BoLLI
Globoquadrina rohri (BoLI.I)

Explanation of Plate 51
All figures are X ll7(a, spiral; b. side: c. umbilical view)Figs. l-4. Globigerina nepenthes TODD.
la-c. Topotype (IGPS 79020): 2a-c. Topotype (IGPS 19021) : 3a-c, Topotype (IGPS
19022): 4a-c. Topotype (IGPS 7!!023) with thin-walled protruding fifth chamber.

SAITO :Clobigerina nepenthes TODD

Plate 5 1

440.

Globiyerina nepenthe.<; TODD

Globoquadrina 1•euez.ttelana (HEDIJEIH;)HANZAWA (1957)

stated the age of
the Tagpochau larger Foraminifera to beequivalent to the Aquitanian stage. The
present planktonic fauna is character·istics of the Catapsydmx dissimilis Zone
(BOLJ.I. 1957) and it is now considered
as correlative with the Aquitanian stage.
Accordingly it is evident that the plank·
Table 1.
TORTOl\IA:"iAQUITANIAX

tonic fauna from the Donni is not syn·chronous to that from the Tagpochau
and the geologic succession establishedin Saipan by CLOUD eta!. '.op. cit.) should
be revised in part. Therefore. the fora·
miniferous rocks of Saipan may be rear·
ranged stratigraphically by the plank·
tonic Foraminifera as shown in table I.

Inferred Geologic· Succession of Saipan.

Globorotalia menardii meuardii/
Globigerina 11epenthes Zone
G!obi~:erillafel/a insueta/
Globigerinoides bisphericus
SubzoneDonni Sandstone

Catapsydrax dissimilis Zon~

Tagpochau
Limestonel

Accordingly the field relations of theDonni and the Tagpochau (CLOUD el a!..
toe. cit.), may a low angle thrust as sup·posed by HA:\ZAWA (oral communication).
Thus the geological age of the G. neptn·
thes assemblage from the Donni may bein harmony with that of many otherregions outside Saipan.
References
F. T. and BLow. W. H., (1959): Theclassification and stratigraphical distri·bution of the Globigerinaccae, Part 1.
Palaeontology, 2 (1). pp. 1-27, pls. 1-3,
text-figs. 1-5.
BER!,IllDEZ, P. }.. (1961): Contribucion al
est udio de las Globigcrinidea de Ia region
Caribe-Antillana(Paleoceno-Recienle).
J!rm. Ill Congreso Ueol. Venez .. tomo 3.
Hoi. Ceo! .. Pttbl. especial 3 (1960), pp.
1119-1393. pis. 1-20.
BLow. W. H .. (1959): Age, correlation andbiostratigraphy of the upper Tocuyo (San
Lorenzo) and Poz6n formations, eastern
Falcon, Venezuela. IJu/1 ..•4mer. Palemtl.,
39 (178). pp. 69-252, pis. 6-19, text-figs.
1-5, maps 1-·1. charts 1-4.
BoLLI, H., (1957) : Planktonic Foraminiferafrom the Oligocene-Miocene Cipero andBAN:"ER.

:1.11

Fina-si,;uFormation

Lengua formations. Trinidad. B. W. I.
U.S. Sat. Mus. Bull .. (.215). pp. 97-12!.
pis. 22-29. text-figs. 17-21.
- - (1959): Planktonic Foraminifera as In·
dex fossils in Trinidad, West Indies andtheir value for worldwide stratigraphic
correlation. Eclogae gt>Ol. 1-le!t•.. 52 (2).
pp. 627-637, 1 table.
CLOL'D. P. E. Jr .. ScH:I.IIDT. R. G. and BUHI,E,
H. \V .. (1956): Geology of Saipan. Mariana
Islands: Pt. 1. General Geology. U.S.
Geol. Sun· .. Prof. Paper . .280-A. pp. i-,·ii,
1-126. pis. 1-25. text-figs. 1-10. tables 1-11.
CoLE. W. S., ToDD. R. and ]OH:--<so;-;, C. G..
(1960) : Con!Hcting age determinations
suggested by Foraminifera on Yap. C<.iro·line Islands. Bull. .·lmer. Paleont., ·II(186). pp. i7-112, pis. 11-13. text-ftg. 1.
tables 1-3.
DIECI. G .. (1959) : I foraminiferi Tortoniani
di Montegibbio e Castelvetro. Palaeoulo·
graphia Ita!ica. 54 (11. ser. .2-J). Amw
1959. pp. 1-113. pis. 1-S. text-figs. 1. 2.
HALL, R. P.. (1961) : Protozoology. Modem
Asia Ed., t•i+682 pp., 264 text-figs., 2tables, Prentice-Hall. Inc.. gnglewood
Cliffs, N. ].
11.>\:"ZAWA, S.. (1931): On some Miocene rocl<swith Lepidocyc/ina from the Izu and Bofo
Peninsulas. Toholm Imp. Unit• .. Sci. Rep.,
2nd Ser. (Geol.). 12 (2a), pp. 159-170, pis.

Tsu1wmaBa. S.4ITO
27, 28, text-fig. 1.
- - (1957) : Cenozoic Foraminifera of Micro·
nesia. Geol. Soc. America ..Hem .. (66), pp.
1-W:~. pis. 1-41, 5 tables. 3 maps.
HoFKER, J., (1959): On the splitting of Globi·
gerimz. Cr~shmau Fotmd. Foram. Res .. Contr.,
10(1). pp. 1-9. text-figs. 1-25
STAIXF'ORTII, R. M.. (1960): Current status oftransatlantic Oligo-l\iiocene correlation bymeans of planktonic Foraminifera. Re!'uede lvlicropaUmttologie. 2( 4). pp. 219-230. 1

text-fig.
TAEAYA~AGI, Y. and SAITo, T .. (1962):

Planktonic Foraminifera from the Nobori formation, Shikoku, japan. Tolwku Unil'., Sd.
Rep., 2ud Ser. (Ceo!.), SjJec. Vol., (5), pp.
67-106, pis. 24-28, text-figs. 1-2, table L
ToDD. R., (1957) : Geology of Saipan. Mariana
Islands: Smaller Foraminifera. U.S. Ceo/.
Sum, Prof Paper. 280-1/, pp. i-iii. 265-320,
pis. 64-93, tables 1--t

Explanation of Plate 52
Figure 8. x 114; all others x 117(a. spiral: b. side: c, umbilical view)Figs. 1-8. C/obigeri11a nepenthes ToDD.
1, Topotype (IGPS 79024) with thin-walled protruding fifth chamber showing transformed chamber development: 2a-c, Dissected topotype (IGPS 79025), showing the globular
test removed of the protruding fifth chamber; 3, Dissected topotype (IGPS 79026), showing
the earlier ontogenetic stage of chamber development with an arched aperture and coarsely
perforated wall; 4a-c, Small topotype (IGPS 79027) with embracing chamber arrangement:
Sa-c, Ilypotype (IGPS 79028) from Shimoshiraiwa, Izu Peninsula, Japan: lia-c. Hypotype(IGPS 79029) from the Sagara Group, Shizuoka Pref., Japan: 7a-c, llypotype (IGPS
79030) from the type Tortonian locality, Italy; 8, Section (IGPS 79031) of G. 11ejJe11lhes(Topotype), showing the very thin wall of the fifth chamber in contrast to the earlier
ones.

SAITO :Globigerina nepenthes TODD

Plate 52

Tn:ns. !'roc. Palacont. Soc. Japan. N. S., No. 48, pp. 343-351, pl. 53, No\·. 30. 1962.

'l.U.

SOME LOWER CRETACEOUS PELECYPODS FRO~I TilE

AKAIWA SUBGROUP. THE UPPER DIVISION OF THE
TETORI GROUP IN CENTRAL .JAPAN*
SHIRO l\JAEDA
Geological Institute. Chiba tinivcrsity

w!.i ~f:. ~ H¥<'\'C'ffi!H3 i!E~&M: $:5.9!iJm#0:1t.f.J.1iff!ilj!g:JI:ffljtfH!IJ;ruE¥::t. +f* ·f.; !:j;lij!f± (1937) 1:.t IJWfil~ht.:~l&:JI:ifijtil~~iiH:li~JJHilt~~< ~;-: t.,, -11. /iS:Jl[ ·alb!!fiiJ~;li~:="~O'(·J- 0? {It'? -r::!t:&1ifm(it:i!:t-~~li~I:"'F$E:I'iJ!i~ ~ l'i(j[ii£~ ~1,~ c L 0)1!!:. 1'/icalmmio 0 2 ~f;ff. ~ .VallOmunmaia c ~~C.of;( L,, Bf:-tt, Plicalmmio CD~U/t)~g,:J:O);fi::f'0)~~0~~~.
oo m ~ M
The Akaiwa subgroup, i.e. the upper division of the Tetori group, is extensively distributed in the Kitadani
district in the westernmost part of the
Hakusan region. There the subgroupwell exposed along the Takinami river,a tributary of the Kuzuryu river. has
been studied stratigraphically by Y.
0TSUKJ and N. KIYON'O (19~13). S. FUKUI(1947) and ol hers. and the occurrence ofseveral land pia nts \Vas reported by S.
OISHI (1933). HoweYer. our knowledge
concerning the subgroup in this district
was. as a whole. very few. if comparedwith that of other districts where theTetori group was developed. Since 1952
the writer has repeated field surveys
with assistance of some students of hisuniversity. As a result. some non-rna·rine molluscan fossils were newly foundAndesites
Quartz-porphyry
Omil:hidani alternation (about 45 m thick)
Tetori group

Kitadani alternation (about 300m thick)Akdw:1 subgroup
Akaiwa sandstone (about 400 m thick)fault - - - - - - - - - llida gneissin the valley of the :Nakanomata ri\·er.
a tributary of the Takinami riYer. as
follows:* Received Dec. 20. 1961: read at 80th
Meeting of the Palaeontological Society on
November l~. J!J!il at Fukuoka.

Trigonioides (?) sp.
Plicatounio kobayashii MAEDA, newspeciesPlicalozmio tetoriensis !VIAEI>A, newspeciesNakrmzura naia clti ngs/ianensis(GRABAU)

Shiro .l/.lE/H.. Scltistodesmus" sp.
lliviparus sp.
Their localities are as follows:
1) The left bank of the Nakano·mata ri vcr in the north of Sugiyama.
2) The right bank of the Nal<anomata river in the east of Sugiyama.
3) The left bank of the Nakanomata river in the east of Sugiyama.
The stratigraphical sequence of this
district is shown below:
The Akaiwa sandstone consists ofcoarse-grained arkose sandstone withoccasional intercalations of conglomerate, and is non-fossiliferous. It is a remarkable fact that Xenoxylon !atiporosum (CRA~IER) was found from its up·
per horizon. The Kitadani alternation,
whose type locality is in this district.
is compo3ed of fine to medium-grainedsandstone alternated with black mica·
ceous shale and tuffaceous rock and has
a few coal seams. The Omichidani alter·
nation consists of laminated black shale,thin-bedded light greyish coarse-grainedsandstone, beside intercalations of red·dish tuffaceous rock, and contains thecharacteristic dicotyledonous leaves andother plants.
The non-marine molluscan fossils
were collected from the middle horizonof the Kitadani alternation. and Uado·
ph!ebis exiliformis, Onycliiopsis elongata,Podozamites Reinii, J>. /anceolatu.<: andother plants from the same horizon.
These non-marine faunal assemblages
differ entirely from the so-called Tetori
faunal one which was described by T.
J{OBA Y ASHI and K SUZUKI in 1937. The
faunas are, however, closely related tothat of the Eo-Cretaceous Naktong-Wakino series which is extensive in South
Korea and North Kyushu.
] udging from the above reason, theKitadani alternation. which lies below
the Upper Cretaceous Omichidani alter-

nation is considered to be Eo-Cretaceous
instead of Upper Jurassic as formerly
considered.
Palaeogeographically, theEo-Cretaceous non-marine deposit in the
Hida massif including the Kitadani dis·
Lrict, in the inner side of the Eo-Nippon
Cordillela CKOBA YASHI, 1941). occupies
the easternmost part among the Creta·
ceous non-marine sediments in eastern
Asia.
Among the species distinguished.
Plicatounio and .Vakamuranaia are common elements of the fauna, while Trigo·
nioides (?) and Fivipams are uncommon.
These fossils were collected fromthin layers which were cemented by
tuffaceous material. While adult bival·
ves are isolated, most immature shells
arc intact valves. From the mode ofoccurrence and state of preservation ofmolluscan fossils, it is presumed thatthey have been scarcely transported
from their habitats. Peculiar surface
sculptures of Plicatounio and Trigonioides (?) suggest an unusual environment.
The writer expresses his sincere
thanks to Prof. T. KOBAYASHI of the
University of Tokyo. He is also indebted
to .tvlr. Y. HORI, the Fukui Natural His·
tory Nluseum, l\lessrs S. !sun, M. SANO,
N. KAWAGISHI, S. SAITO and many otherpersons for their kindness in the collec·
tion of the specimens. A part of the expense for this study was defrayed by
the grant given to the writer from the
1\linistry of Education.
Ilistorical review

Plicatounio
KOBAYASHI and Suzt:KI •(1936)
proposed the genus Plicatounio. in describing P. Jwlltongensis and P. lriaugttlaris from the Lower Cretaceous Naktong·
Wakino series of South Korea and North
Kyushu. From the hinge character it
A)

1)

441.

Lower Cretaceous l'decypod,s

was referred to the Unioninae.
2) HoFFET (1937) described t\vo new
species of P. suzuki and P. ma:rima fromthe Senonian formation in Muong Pha·lane of Laos.
3) YABE and HAYASI (1938) reported
one new subspecies, J>. naktongeusis man·clwricus based on some internal moulds
from l\lanchuria.
4) SUZUKI (1943) described one newsubspecies of P. JWk/ongensis multiPli·catus from the Naktong series in South
Korea and pointed out that P. naklong·ensis manc!mricus is almost identicalwith P. naktongensis s. str.
5) 1\.0BAYASlll (1956) pointed OUt
that Cox's Trigonioides kodairai is diagnostic of Plicatounio naktongensis, andP. triangularis must be excluded from
Plicatounio, s. str.

t6) 0TA (1959a) noted the distinction
among Plicatounio, "Nippmzonaia" andTrigonioides. In another paper he described P. kzeanmonensis new species
from the Wakino subgroup of North
Kyushu and concluded that P. nal?loi/J.;·
ensis multipticatus was introduced from
P. naklongensis s. str.
7) I-lASE (1960) reported P. aff. naktongensis naktongensis from the upper
part of the Wakino subgroup.
11) NalwmuranaiaI) SUZUKI (1943) erected the genus
Nalmmuranaia, based on Leptesthes chings!zanensis GRABAU, 1923 and synonymyized .. Unio" cf. menkei, Cristaria ? sp.
aff.
"Leptesthes" chingshanensis andCorbicula (Leptestlies ?) coreanica with N.
chingslianensis.
2) OT A (1960) reported that N. ( ?)sp. cf. N. chingshanensis is rare in
the lower part but abundant in
the upper part of the Wakino
subgroup.

Text-figure 1. Distribution of Plicatmmio.
Triangle and Cross: Localities of Plicafowzio
in the Upper and Lower Cretaceous respectively.
1.. South Manchuria
2. Keishu, South Korea
3. Fukuoka, North Kyushu
4. Yamaguchi. West Chugoku
5. Tetori basin. Central japan
6. 1\luong Phalane, Lower Laos

Text-figure 2. Distribution ofNakamuranaia dtiugsltanensis.
Chingshan series, Shantung
Province, North China.
2. Naktong series, South Korea.
3. Tetori group, Central Japan.
1.

Shiro .J.lLln'D:I

3-!G

Distribution of Plicatounio and.Na kamu razw i a
Plicatounio
Now nine forms of Plicatounio including two new species are known as follows:
1l Pliralot!llio naktongensis KOBAYASHI and SUZUKI 1936, from the Lower
Cretaceous Naktong-Wakino series inSouth Korea and I\orth Kyushu.
2) Plicatozmio triangularis KoBA Y Asm and SUZUKI 1936. from the Lower
Cretaceous Wakino series in :\orth Kyushu.
3'1 Plicatozmio suzuki HoFFET 1937,
from the Upper Cretaceous in Laos.
4) Plicatozmio maxima HOFFET 1937.
from the Upper Cretaceous in Laos.
51 PFcatounio naktongcnsis manc/mriCifS '{ABE and HAYASI 1938. from theLower Cretaceous in South Manchuria.
61 Pfir·atrmilio naklongensis nut!tip/icatus SIIZliKI 1943. from the Lower Cretaceous Naktong series in South Korea.
7) "P!icatmmio ·· ku·anmonensis 0TA
1959. from the Lower Cretaceous Wakino
series in North Kyushu.
8) Plicatounio lwbayaslzii MAELJ.\,
new species. from the Lower Cretaceous
Akaiwa subgroup in Central japan.
9) Plimlouuio letoriensis
l'viAEDA
new species. from the Lower Cretaceous
Akaiwa subgroup in Central Japan.
These forms occur from the lacustrine deposits. In the Wakino series.
for example. the three species of Plicatounio are associated with BrotiojJsis zc:akinoensis, B. kobayashii. llfelmzoides (Yosllimonia) katsukiensis. Trigonioides paucisulcatus. Sp/werium anderssoni s. str.
and other non-marine fossils (KOBAYASHI
and SUZUKI; 1936, 0TA: 1960, I-iASE;1960). It is interesting that most species
appeared in LO\ver Cretaceous age. exA)

cept the two Laotian species.
Nakamuranaia
As shown in Text-figure 2. the fossil
beds at the three localities including
Central Japan are all Lower Cretaceous
in age. Therefore N. cliingslwnensis is
an index fossil to the non-marine Lo\\·er
Cretaceous.

B)

On the Grouping of Plicalotmio
P/icatounio has been grouped basedon shell oulline and surface ornament
as follows:l. Subelliptical outline and indistinct
radial ribs in front ............... .
P. na!?tongensis s. str. and P. naklongensis manc/mric:us.
2. Subelliptical outline and distinct radial ribs all over the surface ..... .
P. naktongensis multiplicatus, P. maxima.
3. Subelliptical outline and strong radial ribs all o\'er the surface ..... .
P suzuki.
'1. Subtrigonal outline and radial ribs
all over the surface ............... .
P. triangularis.
5. Subq uadrate outline and sculpture
similar to P. naktonf[ensis ......... .
·· P. " lunmmonensis.
Among them P. nalllongensis multiPlica/us is identical with P. uaktongensis
s. str. in outline. but the former differsfrom the latter in radial ornament.
Laotian P. maxima is quite different
from P. na!?tongensis s. str. and P. naktongensis multip!icatus in shell-outline
and radial ornament. Plicatounio comprises subelliptical and non-subellipticalforms. It is remarkable among subelliptical ones that radial ribs become
more numerous and somewhat stronger
in a way or finer in another. The Laotian species may have been introduced
from the Tetori species-like form.

441.

Lon·er Cretaceous Pelecypods

Systematic description

Family Unionidae
Subfamily Unioninae
Genus Plicatounio KOBA YASI!I
ct SUZUKI. 1936
1936.

Pliattounio KouA Y ASH I et S~..:zt: Kl. fapan. four. Geol. Geogr.. Vol. 13. :Vos.
3-·1, p. 250.

Plicatmmio, HoFFET, Bull. Sen'. Ceo/.
/'lndochine, 1'ol. 2.J, No. 1, p. 15.
1938. Plicalormio, Y.-\BE et HAYASI, japan.
]our. Geol. Geogr .. Vol. 15, .\ios. 1-2,

1937.

anterior radial ribs are fairly variable
among species. They are indistinct orfine or more or less strong. Though theshell-outline is very variable. the generalforms are subclliptical. It is remarkablethat P. triangularis is su btrigonal and.. P." luuanmonensis is subtjuadrate. KoBAYASHI (1956) has pointed out that theformer ··must be excluded from l'limfu·
zmio s. str. because of its triangularly
ovate high outline and its median umbo."
The two forms are indeed exceptional
for the genus.

p. 31.

Plicalmmio. SUZL'KI. ]our. Shigenkagaku
Kenkyusyo, Vol. 1, No. 2, p. 210.
1959. Plicalmmio, OTA, Trans. Proc. Pal. Soc.
faJxm, N. S., l'olo. 33, p. 15.
1960. Plicalmmio, 1-IASE. four. Sci .. lliroslzima
Unit•., Ser. C. Vol. 3, 1\io. 2, p. 313.
1943.

Diagnosis :-Shell medium in size.
subelliptical to subtrigonal or subquacl·
rate. incquilateral. relatively short androunded in front, prolonged behind. sub·truncated or rounded at the posterior.end. broadly arcuated on \·entral side,moderately inflated; test rather thin.
Beak large and located anteriorly, prominent. not high, and prosogyrous. Pos·
terior ridge blunt. Surface ornamented
with many radial ribs and concentricfine growth lines. Hinge well developedwith smooth or finely crenulated teeth;
pseudocardinals 2 on each valve: lateral
teeth some\\'hat longer than the pseudo·
cardinal one. 1 on the right valve, 2 on
the left. Pallial line simple. Inner side
crenulated on the ventral margin andradially grOO\'Cd in the posterior part.
Remarl?s :-i\lost important characteristics of this genus arc in shell-outline. surface ornamentation and hinge
structure. The surface is ornamented
with plication;; or many radial ribs. Pos·
terior plicalions are usually strong, while

Plicatouniu kobayashii tvi.\Eil:\,
new species
Plate 53. Figures 1-·1

Description :-Shell medium. clli pticalin outline. inequilateral. rclali\'ely shortand well rounded in front. prolonged
behind. and fairly well rounded at theend. Postero-dorsal margin fairly long,nearly straight. parallel to ventral. merging into the posterior wi l hou t making
any angle; posterior margin well round·ed and bent forward into the ventral.
forming an obtuse angle ; ventral margin
fairly long, very broadly arched, often
straightened in the middle part: ante·rior margin well rounded : antcro-dorsal
margin relatively short, sloping andslightly arched. Umbo scarcely promi·
nent. not high. more or less incur\'ed.
prosogyrous, placed at about one-fourth
the shell-length from the anterior extremity. Surface ornamented with nu·
merous radial ribs and growth lines;
radial ribs fine. closely set and counted
about 17 in anterior half, but counted
widely spaced strong ·1 or 5 in posterior
half: growth lines very fine. folded andelevated at irregular intervals. llingc
well developed: lateral teeth 1 on rightvalve. 2 on left. much longer than

348

Shiro M.4ED.4

pseudocardinal. left ones distinctly crenulated, right one scarcely crenulated
in upper side but obliquely, finely striated in lower side. Adductor scars wellimpressed. Pallial line simple, faintly
impressed. Inner side of the shell
Rg. Number_

markedly crenulated on ventral marginand especially radially grooved in posterior half.
IV!easurement :-Four specimens scarcely deformed are measured in mm aslisted below.

Lengthi___v_a_lv_e_________Height-R. 61102701
R. 6ll02702
R. 61102703
R. 61102704

Width- - - - - ----

Right. Left
Left (Holotype)
Right, Leit

64

32

57

?-

-0

5

56

25

10

Left

5?'

T
-0

5

Comparison:- The radial ribs of thisspecies closely resemble those of Plicatomzio naktongensis especially figured by
OTA from the Wakino subgroup in North
Kyushu (1959, p. 18, pl. 3, figs . .t-8), but
the former differs from the latter byanteriorly situated and rather small
umbo and transversely elongated elliptical outline which narrows more or lessforward. Though P. naklongensis multiplicatus by SUZUKI in 1943 from thel\:aktong series shows some resemblances
to this new species in general aspects.
the two species differ in outline andradial ribs especially in anterior portion.
This new species is also related to P.
suzuki HOFFET (fig. 1 on pl. 4, 1937). but
the former is easily distinguishable fromthe latter by the position of the umbo.
nearly straight ventral margin and thesculpture.
Ocwrrence :-The Kitadani alternation of the Akaiwa subgroup; rightbank of the Nakanomata river, north of
Sugiyama and the left bank of the same
river, nonh of Sugiyama, Kitadani village. Fukui Pref.
Plicatounio tetoriensis IvlAEDA,
new species
Plate 53, Figures 5-7_,

15

Description :-Shell medium in size,transversely elongated elliptical in outline. inequilateral. short and rounded in
front. strongly produced behind. Postera-dorsal margin very long. nearly straight. parallel to ventral; posterior wellrounded ; ventral long. straight or broadly arched and gradually going over intothe \vel! rounded anterior; antero-dorsal
margin short. sloping and weakly rounded. Umbo not high. placed at about
one-fourth of the shell-length from anterior extremity. Surface ornamented
with radial ribs and concentric weaklines of growth : strongly and widely
spaced ,1 plications slope from umbo topostero-ventral and ventral margins, but
numerous fine and weak ribs run fromumbo to ventral and anterior. Internallythe shell markedly crenulated on ventral
margin and impressed by big striae running obliquely on the posterior portion
corresponding to the external ribs. Adductor scars situated close to the ex-.
tremities of the laterals faintly impressed. Pallial line simple.
1\1easurement :-Six specimens somewhat damaged measure in mm as follows.

441.

Lower Cretaceous Pelecypods349=====-~-~==-~==~~===j==~~=====~=====Valve- - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - 1 __Leng~~

Rg. Number
R. 61102501

R. 61102502

R. 6ll02503
R. 6ll02504
R. 61102505
R. 61102506

Left (llolotpye)
Right
Right
Right
Right, Left
.Left

Height

[

Width

:----

88

34

64

21

9

55

21

42+

19
19
18

'l
4

32+

48

11

8
4

- - - - - - - - - ' - - - - - - - - - - - - - - _ ___,__ _ _ _ _ _L___ _ _ __Comparisml :-This species is closely
allied toP. kobayashii. in general aspect.
but the former is more elongated. It isalso related to P. naktongensis (KOBA y ASH! and SUZUKI. 1956 : 0TA, 1960) fromthe Lower Cretaceous deposits of South
Korea and North Kyushu of japan. but
differs in the situation of umbo andheight of shell. YArm and HAYAS!'s
form 11938. pp. 31-33, pl. 4) resembles
the present species with regard to thegeneral aspect of shell. while the latteris distinguished from the former by hav·
ing an anteriorly situated umbo and dif·ferent shell-outline.
Occurreilce :-The Kitadani alterna·tion. the Akaiwa subgroup. the upperdivision of the Tetori group. The rightbank of the Nakanomata river, north of
Sugiyama and a point on the left bankof the same river. north of Sugiyama,
Kitadani village. Fukui Pref.
Sakamuranaia chingslumensis(GRABAU), 1923

Plate 53. Figures 8-14

Leptesfhes clziugslzaneusis GRADAU, 1923. Bull.
Geol. SuiT. China, No. 5. p. 147, pl. 2,
text-fig. 1.
•· Uuio" cf. menkei KoBAYASHI and SL<Zl'l\ 1.
1936. japan. jour. Geol. Geogr., Vol. 13.
Nos. 3-4, p. 252. pl. 27. figs. 5. 6.
Crislaria? sp. aff ... Leptcsthes" chingslzatzensis.
Koa.\ Y.\SHl and St:zUKl, 1936. Ibid.,
Vol. 13. Nos. 3-·1. p. 25•1. pl. 29. figs.
11-12.

Corbicu/a (Leptesthes ?) coreanica KoBAYASlll
and SuzuKI. 193fi. Ibid .. Vol. 13. Nos.
3-4, p. 255, pl. 29. figs. 1-10.

.. Unio" sp .. gen. and sp. indet., KoBAYASlll
and St:zl~ Kl. 1936. Ibid., Vol. 13. ]\los.
3-4. p. 255. pl. 28. figs. 9a. b.

Nakamuranaia chingshanensis. SuzUKI. 194::1.
four. Shigenkagaku Kenkyusyo, Vol. 1.
No. 2. p. 213. pl. 19. figs. Hi.

Description :-Shell medium in size.
subtrapezoidal in outline. about 1.5 times
as long as high. inequilateral, well rounded in front, subtruncated behind.
well inflated : test rather thick. Posterodorsal margin short. rounded, obtusely
angulated with posterior; posterior margin more or less long, distinctly truncal·
ed. obtusely angulated near base-line;
ventral margin long. broadly arched :anterior well rounded : antero-dorsal
somewhat long. oblique and weakly ar·ched. Beak large, fairly prominent. high.
incurved and distinctly prosogyral placed at a point about 2/5 to 1/2 of theshell· length from the anterior end. Posterior ridge extending from umbo towards the postero-ventral angle, fairly
distinct near umbo and then gradually
flattened : posterior area triangular andsomewhat concave. Surface ornamented
with numerous fine concentric growthlines. Hinge well developed. Pseudocardinal teeth 2 on each valve, short, highand smooth ; lower one of right valve
stronger than the upper; lateral teeth
2 on the right valve and 1 on the left,
long. lamellar. smooth; lower one of

Shiro M11ED:lright fairly stronger than the upper.
Anterior adductor scars subovate. distinctly impressed: posterior ones indistinct. Pallial line simple. Inner side
Rg. Number

Valve

R. 61102601
R. 61102602
R. 61102603
R. 61102604
R. 61102605
R. 61102606
R. 61102607
R. 61102608
R. 61102609

Left
Right
Right
Left
Left
Left
Right
Right
f~ightRemarks:- The
specimens
mostabundant in the collection have often
been deformed by rock pressure. Therefore, the specimens vary in shell-outline.
Namely, some are longer than high,while others arc nearly as long as high.
In some specimens a groove is seconda·
rily impressed upon the shell.
judging from the subtrapezoiclal outline, well rounded front. truncated be·hind, median umbo, smooth surface,teeth number and simple pallial line,
this is identified with the form reported
by SUZUIG (pp. 213-216, pl. 19, 1943).
However, it is noteworthy that the ju·
venile form of the species closely rcsem·
bles those of Unio-like species from the
Kuwajima and Okurodani alternationsin the Itoshiro subgroup. the middle
division of the Tetori group.
Iteferences
A. 'V. (1923) : Cretaceous Fossils
from Shantung. Bull. Geo/. Sun•. China.
No.5.
HAsE, A. (1960): The Late Mesozoio,; Formations and their Molluscan Fossils in West
Chugoku and North Kyushu. Japan. jour.

GRABAU,smooth.
11feasurement :-Nine specimens scarcely deformed were measured in mm aslisted below.

I_ Length

Height\'Vidth

52+
58

42

15

37

i3

50

33

.f7

31

·15
43
37
30

28
28
24
23
26

12
12
11

34+

10

10
9

10

Sci .. Hiroshima Uuir .. Ser. C. T'ol. 3. No. 2.
J. H. (1937a) : Sur le Genre Trigonioides. .Mutation gimetique stable duGi.:nrc Trigonia. C. R. des seances de /':kad.
des Sci., Paris, 1931.
- - (1937b): Les Lamellibranchis saumfttrcs
du Senonien de Muong Phalane (BasLaos). Bull. Serr. grfo!. l'lndochiue. Vol. 21.
KoBAYASHI, T. (1956): On lhe Dentition of
Trigouioides and its Relation to similar
Pelecypod Genera.
japan. jour. Geol.
Geogr.. Vol. 21. No. I.
- - and SIJ7.U~J. K. (1936):
Nonmarine
Shells of the 1\aktong-Wakino Series.
Ibid.. Vol. 18.
M.\EDA, S. (1955) : Biofacies of the TctoriGroup. jour. Coli. Arts Sci .. Clziba Uuil• ..
Vol. I, No. 4.
- - (1958) : Stratigraphy and Geological
Structure of the Tetori Group in the
Hakus::cn District (Part l. Str:ttigraphy).
jour. Gco/. Soc. japan. Fol. ().J. :Vo. 758.
0TA. Y. (1959a):
Plicatouuio of the '\Vakino
Formation. Traas. Proc. Pal. Soc. japan,.N. S.. .Vo. 33.
- - (1959b): On the "Nippououaia" from theLower Cretaceous \Vakino Subgroup,
North Kyushu. japan. lbid.. No. 34.
- - (1960) : The Zonal Distribution of theNon-marine Fauna in the Upper Mesozoic\:Vakino Subgroup. 1Uem. Fac. St:i .. KyuHoFF'ET,

MAEDA:

Lower Cretaceous Pelecypods

Plate 53

441.

l,ozr;er Cret.aceous J>elecypods

shu l.htil' .. Ser. D. Geol., Vol. 9, No. 3.
Suz!'KJ, K. (1940) : Non-Marine Molluscan
Faunule of the Siragi Series in South
Trosen. Japan. ,Tour. Geol. Geogr.. Vol. 17.
- - (1941): A new Naiad, Unio (Nippouollaia) ryosekiana. n. subgen. and n. sp.,from the Lower Cretaceous of Japan. Jour.
Geol. Soc. Japan. Vol. 48.
- - (1943) : Restudy on the Non-marine\'lolluscan fauna of the Rakuto Series in
Keisyo-do. Tyosen. Jour. Shigenlwgalm:351

Keukyusyo. Jlol. 1. l'!o. 2.
Development of the Fossil Nonmarine Molluscan Faunas in eastern Asia.
Japan. Jour. Geol. Geogr .. Vol. 21.
YABE, H. and liAYAsr. Z. (1938):
A Mesozoic Unionid from 1Ianchuria. Ibid., Vol.

- - (19-19) :15.

A Special Issue of the tirst All-China
Conference of Stratigraphy. Report on the
1\lesozoic Stratigraphy of China. Pizki Lzmping·:Geological Ret•iew). Vol. 19. No. 12.

Explanation of Plate 53
All natural size exce::>t Fig. 3 ( x 1. 6)

Plicatouuio kobayashii i.\L.-..EDE, new species ....... .
Fig. 1. Left valve. holotype (R. 61102702)
Fig. 2. Left valve, paratype (R. 61102704)
Fig. 3. Character of lateral teeth of a paratype (R. 61102701)
Fig. 4. Right valve, paratype (R. 61102701)
Plicafounio tetoriensis :\L\EDA, new species .......................... .
Fig. 5. External clay cast of left valve. holotypc (R. 61102501)
Fig. 6. Internal mould of right valve. paratype (R. 6ll02502)
Fig. 7. Left valve. paratype (R. 6llU2506)

Nakamuranaia chi11gshammsis (GRAnAt:) .............. .
Fig. 8. Right valve (R. 61102602)
Fig. 9. Internal mould of right valve (R. 61102607)
Fig. 10. Right valve (R. 61102603)
Fig. 11. Left Yalve (R. 6110260 L)
Fig. 12. Lateral view of the sp:::cimen shown in Fig. 1 I.
Fig. 13. Left valve (R. 61102604)
Fig. 14. Umbonal view of the specimen shown in Fig. 13.

.page 347........... page 348... page 3-!9All of the illustrated specimens are l<ept in the Institute of Geology, College of Arts andSciences, Chiba Univen;ity. Chiba. Loc: the Kitadani alternation in the Akaiwa subgroup, theupper division of the Tetori group, developed in Kitadani-mura (~t.fift), Ono-gun (:klllfllj)).
Fukui Prefecture (R!i#lf;~).

352

PROCEEDINGS ON THE PALAEONTOLOGICAL SOCIETY
OF JAPAN

13 :4.:15"~~"-f:1:;i:11 82 @IW!J~!;l: 1962 ip 9 f.l 29,

20 B JtUj:(f{~#f:ll!!~$.1ll!~cf:~~"f:'f<'~lr: ;j-j ~ •"Lil!H!![ t; ;,tt:., (~it;~· 46 .i;)

Some Permian Plants from Thailand.
. . . Seido ENDO
On the genus Platcnus from I-Iokkaido. Japan. .. .. .. . .
. ........ Seido E !'DO
Some Tertiary Plants from North Thailand... Seido E;o.;DoUpper Carboniferous fusulinids from the
Kakahata formation of the IIida i\Iassif-with special reference to fusulinids
similar to Fusufine!la pseudobocki (LEEand CHE:>;) ( ~-~~'\:) .... Kunihiro lsHIZAI<I
Finding of ,lJiogypsin~t from the Kadonosawa
formation and its assodat~d fauna.
Northeast Japan .....
. . . . . . . . Hiroshi UJIIE and Shigeru AoKJ

:lt!littl!!l*-0f1j,}l;'f!fi.fl.!B.ftE1lt ...... il'liJli~Hil
Eine neue An der Gattung Huangia aus
dem Untcrperm von Shima (ft~)...................... Nobuo YA;o;JAGJ\L\
Siluri2.n shelly fauna from Southwest Japan.
II. Two Brachiopods from Kyushu ....
. . . . . . . . . . . . . Takashi HA~JADA
On some Jur~'ssic Trigoniids from th:·Tetori group in the Ivianagawa district............................ Shiro l'I'L'IEDA

Some Nipprmitrigonia in Japan ........... .
..................... Shiro MAEDA
Discovery of the Fossil Perotroclms from
the Miike Coal-field, Kyushu (.~'\:;~) ....
· · · -Ilidetaka KvRODA and Hideo URATA
Tertiary Mollusca from Shimonida. Gumma
Pref .................................. .
.. Masae 0:-.JORJ and Masahiko AKIYA~IA
On Suchium jyoganjiense n. sp. from middle
ll-liocene Kurosedani formation in Toyama Pref .. Japan ............ Shoji Fum
Significance of the variation of fossil Batil·/aria cumingi from the Quaternary
deposits of South Kanto. Japan ...
.. .. .. .. .
.. ......... Joji NAGASA\\'A
Some Lower Ordovician Trilobites fromFranklin Mountains. T:::xas (ft~) ....
........................ Chung-Hung Ilu
Giant spatangoid from the Horinouchi alternation (Pliocene). Shizuoka Prefecture .
Japan ...................... Hiro;;hi UJJJE~ .Gl~~,i'/.1!~~ i:fillt Salenian. sp. lC '?~ '-r (tl:;;if.:)································~r~

Lemming from the late Pleistocene ofJapan .... .. .. . .. .................... .
Yoshikazu HASEGAWA and Takuro I·IARA'://;f/r'JJ.,.

riJ;4,:1j,ltJTtl!:0"f~,N/:"?P"t"J~~~~~oJ...~•w~~v~~~~&~-*~
5c'ffl~~~r11::B .. ~ 4 ~l.:ft)f,(l7)'f;,i't'~.Zo

SYSTEMATIC INDEX(New Series No. H-No. 48)

PALAEOZOOLOGY
Protozoa
Page
AoKI, :!\.: Foraminifera from the Imozawagara Formation in Sendai. Japan.............. 15
IsHII. K. and NoGA:-.11, Y.: On the new Genus Jletado/ioli11a .............................. 161
MoRIKAWA. R. and TAKAOKA. Y.: Two Kew Species of the Parafusulina yabei Type fromTomuro. Totigi Prefecture. Central Japan . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 33
SAITO, T.: Eocene Planktonic Foraminifera· from Haha.jima (Hillsborough Island) ...... 209- - - : Notes on Globigeri11a 11epenthes ToDD .......................................... 331
St:GITA. l\1.: The Fossils and their Habitats in the Neogene Katsuragawa Group. in thesouth I\ wan to R;.:gion...
. ................................................ 281
TAKAYANAGI, Y. and hLutoTo, H.: Cretaceous Planktonic Foraminifera from the Middle
Yezo Group of the llwshumbetsu. Miruto and Hatonosu Areas. llokkaido .......... 183

Coelenterata!G6. H.: Middle Carboniferous Corals from the Ichinotani Formation (Upper Paleozoic
Corals from Fukuji, Southeastern Part of the Hida l\'lassif. Part 3) ................ 127
IsHII, K and YA~IAGIWA, N.: A new Species of the Genus Clisiophyl/um from the upper
Carboniferous oi Ehime Prefecture. Southwest Japan .
. .................... 153
YA~·IAGIWA. N.: ilmygda/op/iyl/um sp. from Hyogo Prefecture. japan .................... 152

Bryozoa
SAI\AGA~II. S.: Lower Carboniferous Bryozoa from the Hikoroichi Series. japan ........ 227- - - : Lower Carboniferous Bryozoa from the Omi Limestone, Japan. Part 1: Discovery of the Pro}itsttlinella zone. and Descriptions of Cyclostomata. Trepostomata
and Fenestl'!la . ....................................................................... 321- - - and AKAGI. S.: Lower Permian Bryozoa from :.\liharano, Taishaku Plateau, South·
western japan . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
. ............................ 105

Brachiopoda!NOl'E. E.: A :!\ew Species of Terebratalia from the Oligocene Sari Sandstone in the Karatsu Coal Field of Northeastern 1\yushu. Japan ...................................... 249

rvlollusca
HAS F., A.:}! AT AI, K.

A fmd of Mcmotis (Entomonotis) from eastern Yamaguchi Prefecture, Japan.... 79
and KoTAKA, T.: A New Species of Miocene Gastropoda (Mollusca) from the

85:1

354

Systematic flule;r;Ginzan Hot-Spring. Yamagata Prefecture. Northeast Honshu. japan . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . H- - - - and MAst.:DA, K.: Megafossils from near Higashi-Matsuyama City, Saitama Prefecture. Japan ...................................................................... 254
H.-\YA~II. I.: Pelecypods from the Liassic Yamaoku Formation in West Japan (Studies on
the Liassic Pelecypods in Japan, 11) ................................................ 113- - - : Some Jurassic Pelecypods from the Awazu and Yamagami Formations in Northcast Japan . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
117
HAYASAKt\, S.: Chevrons of Glycymerid Shells . . .
.. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. ..
291
I\\' AI, T.: The Miocene Molluscan Fossils from the Area Southwest of llirosaki City, Aomori Prefecture, Japan . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
1
KAl\1'\0, S.: On some consideration of the Molluscan Fauna from the Asagai Formation . . 73
KoTAKA, T. and UozG~II. S.: Variation and Dimorphism of Pachymelauia (Gastropoda)
from the Eocene of Burma .......................................................... 301:MAEDA. S. : On the Occurrence of Sippononaia in the Late Mesozoic Tctori Group ...... i.t3
Trigoniid from the Tetori Group in the Furukawa District, Central japan .... 273- - - - : Some Lower Cretaceous Pelecypods from the Akaiwa Subgroup, the Upper Division of the Tetori Group in Central Japan .......................................... 343)iAGASA \\'A, j.: The stratigraphical Significance of the Variation of Fossil Bat illaria mulli·fomzis (LisCHKE) in South Kanto. Japan . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 99
Influence of Environment on the Vnriation of Batillaria multiformis (LISCIIKE) 277
NAKANO, M.: Notes on Heterotrigonia suboMlis (.ln.mo).................................. 55- - - : Note on Steimnmmella (Yeharel/a) ainuana (YAnE and NAGAO) ................ 139- - - and Nu:-.IAl'O, K.: On some Gyliakian Pterotrigouiae from I<yushu and llokkaido,
Japan...............
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 89
- - - - and 010:.-\MOTO, K.: Chlamys and Venerica1·dia from the "Ashiya" group in the
Yuyn-wan area, Yamaguchi Prefecture. Southwest Japan ............................ 311
0YA~IA. 1\.: Two New Gastropod Genera. :Vmmnturritella and Hauthodap/me. from Japan 272
SL1GITJ\, 1\1.: The Fossils and their Habitats in the Keogene Katsuragawa Group, in thesouth Kwanto Region ................................................................ 281
TAMURA. ivl.: New Subgenus of Pearl Oyster. Hopinctada, from the Cretaceous Mifune
Group in Kumamoto Prefecture. Japan .............................................. 1·17
ToKUYA.\IA. A.: On some Triassic Pelecypods from Pahang Province. l\lalaya ............ 175

Echinodermata
TAI'AKA. K. and SHIBATA, M.: A ~ew Species of .-lphelaster from the Lower Cretaceousof japan . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
.. .. .... .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. ..
. . . . . . . . . . . 68

Arthropoda
HA:->AI, T.: Spi11ileberis. a new Genus of Ostracoda from the Pacific ...................... 167

Vertebrata
HAT AI. K. and 1\0L\KA, T.: Dasybatus from the Japanese Miocene ...................... 201
NAGASA \\'A, ]. : A Fossil Rhi1wceros from KuzuG, Tochigi Prefecture. Japan . . . . . . . . . . . . 63
SHII<A:O..IA. T. and IL\sEGAWA, Y.: Discovery of the Fossil Giant Salamander (.Hegafo197/Jatraclws) in Japan.....................................................
- - - - and YosHIDA, S.: On the Equid Fossil from Iliramaki Formation .............. 171
TAKA I, F.: A Suhfossil Cuon from Ang Thong, Thailand . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
13

Systematic Index

855

PALAEOBOTANY
E:-;oo. S.:

On the Evolution of the Osumundaceae with Descriptions of two new Species 151
On the Eocene Plants from the \Voodwardia Formation of the lshikari Group 206
On the Genus Carpinus with Descriptions of two new Species .................. 298
HtrZIOEA. K.: A New Palaeogene Species of the Genus Eucommia from Hokkaido. japan 9
K1~WRA. T.: .1\Iesozoic Plants from the It.oshiro Subgroup, the Tetori Group. Central
Honshu. japan. Part 2 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 21
Ocl:RA, Y.: Further Note on a Fossil Palm Trunk from Kana;-:awa
146
TAKAilASHI, K. and OnATA. I.: Die sogenanntc.: .. Fiws" tiliacfolia (AI. BR.) IIEER ...... 263

PROBLEiviA TIC FOSSILSIIATAI. K. and KOTAKA. T.:

Problematical Markings on the under-surface of a Miocene. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 51
tuffaceous siltstone. Yamagata Prefecture. Japan . . .
- - - and: ll. l'vliocene Problematica from Wakayama Prdccturc ............ 124

PRESIDENTIAL ADDRESSKoBAYASHI. T.: Address to the Twenty-fifth Anniversary of the Palaeontological Societyof Japan . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
. .. .. .. ..
. . . . . . . . . 45

INDEX OF }.,OSSILS
Notes: Words in italics are names of families. genera and species: words in heavy
type, names of new genera and species.

A
A.cantlwdadia peculiaris .................. 237
Acila dit•aricata ............................ 3.-!mygdafophyllum sp. . ................... 152.-!nastomopom orientalis . . . . ............ 110
Ancllitherium hypohippoides .............. 171
Aphelasler . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ..... 69. ................ 70- - serotiuus .
. " .. 57
A.piotriwmia }imboi .............. .
Aturia sp......................... . . .... 262

Chlamys akilana ........................... . 3- - awa::uensis .......................... 118
Clementia (s. s.) nakamurai .............. 288
Cfinocardium cf. shinjiensis ................ 3
Cfisiophyflum ehimense .................. 154
Crenotrapezittm kurumense gro11S11m ...... 113
Ctenis kaneharai .......................... 29
Cu011 a!phm s ittfuscus ...................... 14
Cultellus izumnensis ........................ 3
Cuspidaria japouica . . .
. ............ 262
C)dammiua aff. ezoensis............... 288
Cyclina japonica ............................ 3

B

D

Babyltmia cf. knzaietzsis............. 3
Batilfaria cumingi ........................ 277- - mulliformis ...................... 99, 277
Batostomelfa sp. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
. .. 107
Benilwclaplme . . . . . . . . .
. .... 272
Biticiml/a ? breggiensis .................. 188
Buccefla frigida . . . . . . .
. .... 19. .. 19
Buliminefla elegantissima .......... .
Biittneria aequa/ifo/ia . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 269
Biittneriophyllum aeqttelifolium ............ 269

Dasybalus (?) masudae .................. 204- - nipprmensis . ......................... 201
Den/alittm (Fissidentalium) l.'cl'l/edei ...... 286
lJidyozamites .............................. 21- - imrmmrae ............................ 23- - cfr. imamurae ........................ 24- - kaU'asakii ............................ 2-1- - reniformis ............................ 25
Discorbis gfolm/aris . ....................... 19- - d. plana....................... 19
Dnrlorlotia fujimutoi . ..................... 130
lJosi nia alwsiana.
. ...................... 3- - chikuzeusis....................... 3- - (1\au.eharaia) lumcharai . ............... 3- - odosensis .............................. 3- - lugaruana ............................ 3cCaninia ps('lulouoh i............... 129- - sp. A...............
. .......... 129- - sp. B ................................ 130
Carpinus betulus .......................... 298- - caroliniana .......................... 293- - grand is........ . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
.293. .. 298- - lwnslmensis .. .
- - nippouica ............................ 298- - protnjaponica . . .
. .... 298- - Shimokawarai............... 299- - Takaoi .............................. 299- - tientaieusis .......................... 298
Catapsydrax edzinatus .................... 223
C!reifotrypa cfwanjiensis .................. 229- - sp ................................... 325

E
Elphidiclla lunmai . . . .................... 18- - davatum . ............................. 18- - d. oregonense ........................ 18- - sulwramrlosum ........................ 18- - - - aureum . . .
. .................. 18
Entomonot is .............................. SO
Eopincladcr .............................. H7
Eucommia eocenica ........................ 11- - europaea . ............................. 11

Index of Fossils
Eucommia Kobayashii............... 11- - montana .............................. 11- - ulmoides.
.11
Euplelea po/ya11dra................... 11F
Fenestella binodosa................... 328- - bugzmiensis higuchizmntellsis ....... . 235- - crassistereoma ...................... 231- - ::.ff. cribriformis ..................... . 231- - hikoroichie11sis .................... 234- - kaucadae ...
.. ................... 326- - ofunatoensis ........................ 233- - sokolskayae . . .
. .................. 233-

sp.. .. .. .. ..

. .................. 330- - (Minilya) taishakuensis ............. . 108- - cf. triserialis ....................... . 328
Fenestrellina japonica . . . . . . . . . . . . .
. 235"Ficus" tiliaefolia ....... ................. 266
Fimbria somensis . . . . .
. .............. 120
Fistulipora miharcmoensis ................ 107- - minima .............................. 324
sp.
.. ................. 229- - sp....
.. .. .. .. ..
.325

Gl;ammarus (Rivulogammal'lls) nij>/Jfmensis . . 53
Gibbula saitame11sis............... 260
Globigerapsis . ............................. 218- - index ............................... . 220- - mexicana ............................ 219
Globigerina col/actea ..................... . 216- - linaperta ............................ 216- - nepenthes ............................ 332- - parhyderma .......................... 19- - yeguaensis .......................... 216
Gloi>igerinatheka barri ................... 222"G!obigerinoides" higginsi ............... . :n7
Gfobiget·inoides triloba immatura .......... 19( ;toboquadrina !'enezuelatta ................ 217
l :toborotalia crassata deusa .............. 214- - centra/is ...... .
................. 213- - eras sat a crassata .................... 214- - lelmeri . . .
. ................ 215- - spinu/osa ............................ 215
Glycymeris nipponica ...................... 296- - oitwuyei....................... 3- - pifsbryi.....
. ................ 296- - rotunda ............................. . 296:357

Glycymeris yessor,nsis . ..................... 296

H
Ilantkenina dumbfei....... 213
Iledberge/la delrioensis . ..... .
.. ....... 190- - trocoidea . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
. ...... 191- - trocoidea yezomw. . . . . . . . . . .
. .. 191- - zmshilensis . . . . . . .
. ........ l!l2
Ileterolrigonia . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
. .... 55- - subo!!alis . ....
.. ........... 51!sognomon sp ................. .
118
h•anoria manchurica forma egucl!ii.13::1- - numclwdca forma podolskiensis . ..... 132

K
Koinophyllum carlmnarium.

.. ......... 131

L
Laez·icardium sp....
.. ........... 3
Leioclema kobayashii ..................... . 230
Lirmgslumophyffum . ....................... 133
Liangslwnophy/lum mizuyagadaniensis .... 135
Limopsis tokaicnsis. . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
. .. 262
Lischkeia crumpi .......................... 262
Lucina cf. stcamsiana .................... 288
Lucinoma acti/ineatum ...................... 3~I.Hacom<optil'a ............................ 3- - sp. 1 .................................. 3- - sp. 2 .................................. 3.. Marlea" aequalifolia ................... . 269- - basiobliqua .......................... 269.11eekopora cf. approximata . ............... 229
JJegalobat-raclms japo11iws ................ 198:lleleagrinella okaiJCl/1/CilSis . ............... 115
JJerce11aria cf. cltitaniaua .................. 3
Jlesolinga masafrmii ................ : .... . 119:lletculoriolina ............................ lti2
- - grm·itesta . ........................... 163

Jfonotis .................................. 80- - (Entomonotis) mukailtatensis ........ 83- - (--) typjca ........................ SO.l1yoplwria sp. ex gr. costa/a . ............. 119- - goldfussi lipisensis . . . . .
. ...... 179

Jnde:-c of Fossils

358
N•1\~akamuranaia chingshanensis ............ 3-19............ 272
Namwturritefla ........ .
Nematopora sp.
... 238.Ncoschizodus laerigatus elonga/us ........ 178
Nilssonia koloi ...... .
. .......... 29
Nipponilrigonia funtkmcensis... 274
Nippononaia tetoriemlis .................. 245
Nonion pauci/oculum ...................... 17- - spp ................................... 13

Nuculana (/Jacryomya) konishii.11-1- - (.Vuculana) robai...
. .......... 262

0Osmumla bromeliaefolia- - ci nnamomea- - da.1·toniana- - regalis ..... .
Osmunditcs D01ckeri- - kolbei . ..
- - skidegatensis
0/ozamites ........ .
- - cfr. bcani- - endoi ...

......... 3!7- - kobayashii. ........ 348- - tetorieiiRis ........ .
..... 108
I'o/ypora eliasi .
. .................. 236- - polyclada . ....
. .................. 262
Pm·lfundia japonica... 3--scapha .....
- - (Megayo/dia) tsul"llensis ............ 286
Porlicu/asp!wera . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ...... 221................. 221- - beckmanni .
Prismopora nipponica .................... 325. ............ 3:-!2
l'rorusulinella sp. . ..
. .121
Pronoella sugayenRi.~ . ....
.164
Pseudodolio!ilw. .......... 166- - ozazcai . ....... .
......... 166- - pseudo/epida- - sp ................. .

.157... 151....... 157. .. 157..... 158
. .......... 158......... 15().. .. .. .. .. .. ..

....'l":)..... 27
. .......... 27

I'seudononiou cf. Iredecum
Pteria sp ................. .
Pterotrigouiinae . ............. .
Pterolrigonia ................ .
- - s.s ...... .

......... 166..... 18

. ........ 179. ........ 90. ...... 90... 90- - bn:l'icula ............. ....... . . . . . . . . . 91
. ........ 95- - (Rinctrigonia) yelwrai.
- - ( - - ) sp. nov. . ........... . ....... 96- - sakalm rai ............................ 93
I'yrmu:ulus lokyoensis .................... 262. ............ 23- - sp.

R

pP:tchymelanie................. 302- - fusca ................................ 30·1
- - kail'll'UIIU ........................... . 303
Palliolum (Delectopecten) pecklwmi tainmm281
Palmo:ry/ou ,1/aedae . . .
. .... 141)
Panomya simolomensi:; . . . . .
. .. 3
Pmwpe japonica . . . . .
. ................ 3
Parafusuliua nabeyamensis ................ 37- - tomuroensis .
. ........ 36
Patinopecten yamasakii itcasakiensis ........ 3
Penniretepora decora ..................... . 231)
- - sp ................................... 237
Phane/olepida pseudotrausem1a ............ 262
Plweuiwp.~is......... 31)- - ? sp. cfr. P. spedosa ................. . 31
Pil/ucina yolwyamai . . . . .
. .............. 3

Pinctada (Eopinctada) matsumotoi ...... 150
Pilar (Pitarina) matsumotoi .............. 76
P/agiostoma sp. ex gr. subcardiUorme .... 119(?) sp ............................... 180
Plicatounio
2·15. 3·17

Rhinoceros sp. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
. .... 63
Rhombopora exigua............... 238- - sp. A.
- - sp. B.

. ............ 239. ............ 239. .. 9-1

Rinelrigrmiu ...

s
Sacre/la konnoi.. .. .... .. .. .. ..
. 259·· Solariella '' musashiana ................ 260
Soletelliua (s. s.) kobiyamae....... 77
SjJ/weroidinellopsis senni . . . . . . .
. ...... 228
Spinileberis........................... 167- - quadriculeata ........................ 167
St ei nmmmella......................... 139- - ( l"elwre/la) aitueana . . . . .
. .... 141
Stenopora nishi11amensis . ................. 326
Streblascopora lineata . . . . .
. .. Ill
Streb/otrypel/a amicu/a.
.2·10- - ? sp...... ..
. .... 2HT
Terebratalia karatsuensis ................ 252

Index of Fo.~sils
Tlummopteris sc/wlflifelldalii .............. 158
Todea barbara . . . . . . .
. ................ 157
Todites Williamsoni ...................... 158
Tosalorbis kattoi . ......................... 125
Trigonia sazi'Uiai . . . . . . . . .
. .......... 57
Tropl10nopsis callc/elabmm ................ 262
Tnmcorotaloidcs topi!ensis ............... . :!15
Turcica saitoi . . . . .
. ........... .41
Turritella saislme11sis motidukii .......... 262- - s-hataii ............................... . 3359

l''enus n. sp. t\ ........................... . 3- - n. sp. Il .............................. 3......... 26(1Yolutopsius kmwoi . ....

1Voodwardill jtJponica SW. "ar eoee11ica .. 206y............. 140

1'eharell a .......... .
Yoldia tolumagaiv- - sp. ·········

Va/mlineria aff. pol ita .................... 19
Venericardia (l'enericor) subnippo11ica .... 31-l
- - (Cyclocardia) toktmagai .............. 76

Zalesskya gracilis .

................. 3... 262z............... 15&

a -lt"'~±~'¥~~~- ;c.--f
Transactions and Proceedin2sof thePalaeontological Society of Japan
New Series
No. 41-No. 48

19lil-lll62

Palaeontological Society of Japan

The heading in Japanese commemorates the handwriting of Prof. ivl. YoKOYAMA,
father of Japanese Palaeontology, who was Professor of Stratigraphy and Palaeontology at the Geological Institute. Imperial University of Tokyo.
The fossil on the front page is Xenoxylon latipo1'0sum (CRAi\IER) GOTHA!\', 1910.

CONTENTS

Number 41 (Published April 10. 1961)
Transactions
Article

394.
395.
396.

397.
398.
399.

400.

Page

Takehiko IWAI: The Miocene Molluscan Fossils from the Area
Southwest of Hirosaki City, Aomori Prefecture. japan.......... 1-8
Kazuo HUZIOKA: A New Palaeogene Species of the Genus Eu·
commia from Ilokkaido, Japan.................................. 9-12
Fuyuji TAKAI: A Subfossil Cuon from Ang Thong, Thailand .. 13-H
Naoaki AoKI: Foraminifera from the Imozawagara Formationin Sendai. japan ................................................ 15-20
Tatsuaki KIMURA: iv1esozoic Plants from the ltoshiro Subgroup.
the Tctori Group. Central Honshu, japan. Part 2 .............. 21-32
Rokuro MoRIKAwA and Yoshinari T AKAOKA : Two new speciesof the Parafusuliua yabei Type from Tomuro, Totigi Prefecture,
Central Japan .................................................. 33-40
Kotora IIATAI and Tamio KoTAKA: A New Species of Miocene
Gastropoda (l'vlollusca) from the Ginzan Hot·Spring. Yamagata
Prefecture. Northeast llonshu. Japan .......................... ,11-•14

Plate

1

2

3
4-6

7-8

Presidential Address
Teiichi 1\oBAYASIII: Address to the Twenty-fifth Anniversaryof the Palaeontological Society of Japan ........................ ·15-47
Proceedings .......................... ~17-50

Number 42 !.Published June 10. 1961)
Transactions

401.

•102.

403.
404.
405.
·106.

Kotara IIATAI and Tamio KOTAKA: Problematical markings on
the undcr·surface of a Miocene tuffaceous siltstone. Yamagata
Prefecture, Japan .............................................. 51-511
l\litsuo NAKANO : Note on Heterotrigonia subol'alis (]DIBO) ...... 55-62
J6ji NAGAS,\WA: A Fossil Rhinoceros from Kuzuu. Tochigi Prefecture. japan .................................................. 63-67
Keisaku TANAKA and Matsutaro SHIBATA: A new species of
Ap!udaster from the Lower Cretaccou; of japan ................ G8-72
Saburo KANC\O: On some consideration of the :dolluscan Fauna
from l he Asagai Formation .................................... 73-78
Akira I-lASE: A find of Monotis (Entomonotis) from eastern

9

10
11

ii
Yamaguchi Prefecture, japan .................................. 79-89
Proceedings . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 88

12Number 43 (Published September 25, 1961)
Transactions

407.
408.

409.
410.
411.
412.
413.

rvlitsuo NAI<A:\0 and Kyoichiro NU!\IANO: On some Gyliakian
Pterotrigouiae from Kyushu and 1-Iokkaido, Japan .............. 89-98
13
Joji NAGASA \\'A : The stratigraphical Significance of the Variation of Fossil Batil/aria multiformis (L!SCIIKE) in South Kanto,
Japan .......................................................... 99-104
14
Sumio SAKAGAMI and Saburo AKAGI : Lower Permian Bryozoa
from Miharano. Taishaku Plateau, Southwestern Japan ........ 105-112
15Itaru IIAYA~ll: Pelecypods from the Liassic Yamaoku Formation
in \\'est japan (Studies on the Liassic Pelecypods in Japan. 11) .. 113-116
Itaru 1-IAYA\11: Some Jurassic Pelecypods from the Awazu andYamagami Formations in Northeast japan ...................... 117-123
16
Kotora HAT AI and Tamio KoTAKA: A 1\Iiocene Problematica
from \Vakayama Prefecture .................................... 12·1-126
17
Hisayoshi IG6: Middle Carboniferous Corals from the lchinotani
Formation (Upper Paleozoic Corals from Fukuji. SoutheasternPart of the Hid a 1\lassif, Part 3) ................................ 127-137 18-19
Proceedings .......................... 138
Number 44 <Published December 15, 1961)
Transactions

414.
415.

416.

417.
418.

419.
420.
421.

l\litsuo NAKANO:
Note on Steimnmme/la (Yeharella) ainuana(YABE and N AGAOJ ............................................ 139-145 20-21
Minoru TAI\IURA: New Subgenus of Pearl Oyster. Eopinctada.
from the Cretaceous r--Iifunc Group in Kumamoto Prefecture.
Japan .......................................................... 147-151
22
Ken-ichi ISHII and Nobuo Y A~IAGI\\' A: A new Species of theGenus Clisiophyllum from the upper Carboniferous of Ehime Prefecture. Southwest japan ...................................... 153-156
23
Seido ENIIO: On the Evolution of the Osumundaceae with Descriptions of two new Species .................................. 157-160z,lKen-ichi ISHII and Yasuo NOGAMI: On the new Genus J.ltfetado/iolina ............................................................ 161-166
25
Tetsuro IiANA!: Spinileberis, a new Genus of Ostracoda from the
Pacific .......................................................... 167-170
Tokio Sl!IKA~!A and Shinji YOSHIDA: On the Equid Fossil from
Hiramaki Formation ............................................ 171-lTt
26
Akira ToKUYAMA: On some Triassic Pelecypods from Pahang
Province, ~Ialaya .............................................. 175-181
27

iii
Short Notes
7.

8.

Yudzuru OGURA: Further Note on a Fossil Palm Trunk from
Kanazawa ...................................................... 146
Nobuo Y A:\IAG!WA: A.myf.{dalophyllum sp. from Hyogo Prefecture.
Japan .......................................................... 152
Proceedings .......................... 182

Number 45 (Published April 10. 1962)
Transactions
422.

:123.
424.
425.
426.

Yokichi TAKAYANAGI and Hisaichi 1\VA:\lOTO: Cretaceous Planktonic Foraminifera from the Middle Yezo Group of the lkushumbetsu, l'vliruto and Hatonosu Areas. Hokkaido .................. 183-196
28
Tokio SHIKAl\IA and Yoshikazu HASEGAWA: Discovery of theFossil Giant Salamander (Megalobatraclms) in Japan ............ 191-200
29
Kotora IIATAI and Tamio KOTAKA : Dasybatus from the Japanese !'vi iocenc .................................................. 201-205
30
Seido E:-;oo: On the Eocene Plants from the Woodwardia Formation of the Ishikari Group .................................. 206-208
31
Tsunemasa SAITO: Eocene Planktonic Foraminifera from Hahajima (II illsborough Island) ...................................... 209-225 32-34
Proceedings .......................... 226

Number 46 (Published June 10, 1962)
Transactions
427.
428.
429.

430.
:131.

Sumio SAKAGA:\11: Lower Carboniferous Bryozoa from the Hikoroichi Series, Japan ............................................ 227-2·12 35-37
Shiro MAEDA: On the Occurrence of ;Vipprmonaia in the Late
1\Iesozoic Tetori Group ........................................ 243-2·18
38
Eiji l:\OUE: A New Species of Terebratalia from the Oligocene
Sari Sandstone in the Karatsu Coal Field of Northeastern Kyushu, Japan ...................................................... 249-252
39
Kotora H.HAI and Koichiro ).[ASUDA: l\legafossils from near
Higashi-\latsuyarna City, Saitama Prefecture. Japan ............ 254-262
40
Kiyoshi TAKAHASIII and Ikuwo OBATA: Die sogenannte "Ficus"
tiliaefolia (AI. BR.) HEER ........................................ 263-271
41
Short Note

9.

Katura OY A:\! A: Two New Gastropod Genera, Nannoturritella
and Benthodaplme, from japan .................................. 272

iv
Number 47 (Published September 10, 1962!
Transactions
432.
433.
·13'1.
435.
436.
437.

Shiro ~hEDA: Trigoniid from the Tetori Group in the Furu·
kawa District. Central japan .................................. 273-276
j6ji NAGASAWA: Influence of Environment on the Variation of
Batil!aria multijormis (LISCIIKEJ ................................ 277-280;\luncmitsu SUGITA: The Fossils and their Habitats in the Neo·gene Katsuragawa Group, in the south Kwanto Region ........ 281-290
Shozo HAY AS AKA : Chcn-ons of Glycymerid Shells ............ 291-297
Seido ENDO: On the Genus Cmpinus with Descriptions of two
new Species .................................................... 298-300
Tamio KoTAKA and Satoru Uozu:-.11: Variation and Dimorphismof Pac!zyme!auia (Gastropoda) from the Eocene of Burma ...... 301-309
Proceedings .......................... 310

42
43
44
45
46
47

Number 48 \Published November 30. 1962)
Transactions
438.

439.

440.

441.

1htsuo NAKA:-\0 and Kazuo OKAJ\IOTO: Chlamys and Venericardia
from the "Ashiya" group in the Yuya-wan area, Yamaguchi
Prefecture. Southwest japan .................................... 311-320
48
Sumio SAKAGA:\H: Lower Carboniferous Bryozoa from the Omi
Limestone, japan. Part 1 : Discovery of the Projusulinella zone.
and Descriptions of Cyclostomata, Trepostomata and Fenestella . . 321-330 119-50
Tsunemasa SAITO : Notes on Globigerina nepenthes ToDD ...... 331-342 51-52
Shiro lVlAEDA : Some Lower Cretaceous Pelecypods from the Aka·
iwa Subgroup, the Upper Division of the Tetori Group in Central
japan .......................................................... 343-351
53
Proceedings .......................... 352
Systematic Index .................... 353
Index of Fossils ...................... 356

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