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Department of Electrical and Electronic Engineering*nonmember
A Study about the Posture and Joint Stiffness at Stationary Force Control of Human Arm, Syugo UCHIDA, Satoshi
KOMADA, and Junji HIRAI: Proceedings of the 8th International Workshop on Advanced Motion Control,
pp.359-362, 2004.
The purpose of our research is to realize a simple and high performance control of robots using strategy ofhuman arm operation. This time, we measure joint angle and joint stiffness of human arm during force control. When
tip force is large, human being selects the posture using joint torque minimum index. When tip force is small, humanbeing selects the posture so that manipulability becomes large. Moreover, the wrist stiffness becomes large so as to keep
the posture. In order to adapt for perturbation, a regulator to avoid joint torque saturation is introduced. The
effectiveness of this strategy is confirmed by a simulation result of human arm.

Joint Design Method Based on Coprime Factorization of 2DOF Control System, Tsuyoshi HIOKI, Kazuhiro YUBAI,
and Junji HIRAI: Proceedings of the 8th International Workshop on Advanced Motion Control, pp.523-527, 2004.
In many cases, control system synthesis is formulated as minimization of prescribed closed loop
performance reflecting control requirements. Since the closed loop performance is a function of a controlled plant and acontroller, a model identification and a controller design must interact with each other. This motivates us to consider themodel identification and the controller design simultaneously. However, most of the previous joint design methods are
not applicable to unstable plants because the identified plant model is usually used as the design parameter. On the other
hand, we have analyzed the internal structure of 2DOF control system using a coprime factorization on RH∞ andshown that two free parameters, K and Q RH∞, specify the tracking performance and the feedback performance,
respectively. Also Tay et.al have proposed a parameterization of the plant dynamics by switching the role of thecontrolled plant and the controller, and introduced a free parameter R belonging to RH∞. In this paper, we propose a
new joint design strategy based on the identification of R and the design of Q. Since the identified plant parameter R isalways stable, the proposed joint design strategy can be applied to a wider class than the conventional joint design
method.

Fault-Tolerant Control System of Flexible Arm for Sensor Fault by Using Reaction Force Observer, Yu IZUMIKAWA,
Kazuhiro YUBAI, Junji HIRAI: Proceedings of the 8th International Workshop on Advanced Motion Control,
pp.583-588, 2004.
In recent years, control system reliability has received much attention with increase of situations where
computer-controlled systems such as robot control systems are used. In order to improve reliability, control systems
need to have abilities to detect a fault (fault detection) and to maintain stability and control performance (fault tolerance).
In this paper, we address the vibration suppression control of a one-link flexible arm robot. Vibration suppression isrealized by an additional feedback of a strain gauge sensor attached to the arm besides motor position. However, asensor fault (e.g., disconnection) may degrade the control performance and make the control system unstable at its
worst. In this paper, we propose a fault tolerant control system for strain gauge sensor fault. The proposed control
system has a strain gauge sensor signal observer based on the reaction force observer and detects the fault bymonitoring the estimation error. After fault detection, the proposed control system exchanges the faulty sensor signal forthe estimated one and switches to a fault mode controller so as to maintain the stability and the control performance. We

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apply the proposed control system to the vibration suppression control system of a one-link flexible arm robot andconfirm the effectiveness of the proposed control system by some experiments.

Tracking of Moving Object by Manipulator Using Estimated Image Feature and Its Error Correction on Image Planes,
Dai NISHIO, Masaru NAKAMURA, Satoshi KOMADA, and Junji HIRAI: Proceedings of the 8th International
Workshop on Advanced Motion Control, pp.653-657, 2004.
This paper proposes a new visual servo system compensating delay time of image processing. To obtain animage feature without delay time, variation of image feature of manipulators during delay time is estimated by a
Jacobian matrix from joint velocity to image feature. An image feature of moving object during delay time is estimatedfrom a simple model by using the average velocity/acceleration that are calculated from the past image data. Moreover,its estimation error is reduced by a method based on past estimation error. The effectiveness of the proposed strategy is
confirmed by a tracking of a moving object by a manipulator.

A Preliminary Study for Reconfigurable Robot System, Akihiko MATSUURA, Yuji ISHIKURA, and Junji HIRAI:
Proceedings of the 30th Annual Conference of the IEEE Industrial Electronics Society (IECON 2004), vol. 2,
pp.1052-1057, 2004.
In order to expand the scope of robot application, the robot should cope with the divergence of the assigned
tasks and surrounding environments. With the conventional type of robot, however, the scope of the application islimited due to the lack of its reconfigurability. The authors, therefore, propose to realize a novel robot called
reconfigurable robot, which is capable of changing its structure adaptively to the situation and the given tasks. The
fundamental features of the robot are introduced and problems to be solved for its realization are described in this paper.

Preliminary Study on Robotic Exercise Therapy, Takashi HISADA, Noboru OKUYAMA, Satoshi KOMADA, andJunji HIRAI: Proceedings of the 30th Annual Conference of the IEEE Industrial Electronics Society (IECON 2004),
vol. 3, pp.2780-2785, 2004.
This paper proposes a new concept of robotic exercise that displays human muscle force during
rehabilitation procedures. The estimation is made by combination of an isokinetic dynamometer improved from its
original usage for rehabilitation and a conventional muscle force estimation method based on a musculo-skeletal model
which has been applied for human gait analysis. The novel isokinetic dynamometer the authors developed has a force
sensor for the musculo-skeletal model analysis, and provides an arbitrary training trajectory control function. The
musculo-skeletal model analysis is constructed limitedly to the under limb movement, and the muscle force estimation
is made in the thigh area by employing the two optimization methods. As a result of experiments, we confirmed that
there is really not much difference between the results of two methods.

Harmonic Current Suppression Using Repetitive Control for Improvement of PMSM Control Performance,
Jeong-seong KIM, Shinji DOKI, Muneaki ISHIDA : IEEJ Trans. IA, Vol. 124, No. 12, pp. 1189-1196, 2004

Flashing Phenomena in Square Wave Alternating Current –Flash Welding Control by Use of PWM Inverter PowerA―17

Supply (1st Report)-, Yukihiko SATO, Muneaki ISHIDA : Quar. J. JWS, Vol. 22, No. 3, pp. 417-423, 2004

Continuous Flashing Control Using PWM Inverter –Flash Welding Control by Use of PWM Inverter Power Supply(2nd Report)-, Yukihiko SATO, Muneaki ISHIDA : Quar. J. JWS, Vol. 22, No. 3, pp. 424-429, 2004

Resistance Heating Control with A Few Flashing Using PWM Inverter –Flash Welding Control by Use of PWM
Inverter Power Supply (3rd Report)-, Yukihiko SATO, Muneaki ISHIDA : Quar. J. JWS, Vol. 22, No. 3, pp. 430-434,
2004

Basic Study on Conductive Characteristics of SiC Power Device for Its Application to AC/DC Converter, Tatsuya
MATSUKAWA, Hirotaka CHIKARAISHI*, Yoshihisa SATO*, Ryuichi SHIMADA* : IEEE Trans. on Applied
Superconductivity, Vol. 14, No. 2, pp. 690-692, 2004

Modeling of a Small Wind Power Generating System and Design of its Control System, Takashi NONOYAMA,*Shengtie WANG, Naoki YAMAMURA and Muneaki ISHIDA: Proceedings of international conference on ElectricalEngineering 2004 (ICEE 2004), p.p.525-530, 2004

Construction of Solar Module Simulator Using Linear Amplifier, Hiroto HAYASHI, Naoki YAMAMURA and
Muneaki ISHIDA: Proceedings of international conference on Electrical Engineering 2004 (ICEE 2004), p.p.542-547,
2004-7

A Study of Combined-type Active Filter using Linear Power Amplifier [In Japanese], Rieko MORIYA, Naoki
YAMAMURA, Muneaki ISHIDA and Takamasa HORI: IEEJ Trans. IA, Vol.124, No.5, p.p.442-449, 2004

Direct visualization of electromagnetic micro-field by superposition of three types of electron
holograms, Masaaki OKUHARA*, Akinori OHSHITA, Yohei YAMAKAWA, Koichi HATA and Kazuo
IIDA : Proceedings of 8th Asia-pacific Conference on Electron Microscopy, 2004
A new electron holographic method is presented for direct visualization of electromagnetic
micro-fields. In this method, three types of electron holograms obtained under the same operating
condition of an electron biprism are superposed. The phase information which cannot be extracted
from the modified double-exposure electron hologram can be obtained. This implies that we can get
the more information by using three types of electron holograms.

Direct visualization of magnetic micro-field around a barium ferrite particle by modified
double-exposure electron holography, Akinori OHSHITA, Masaaki OKUHARA*, Yohei YAMAKAWA,
Koichi HATA and Kazuo IIDA : Proceedings of 13th European Microscopy Congress, 2004

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Double-exposure electron holography, three-electron-wave interference method andfour-electron-wave interference method were developed for direct visualization of pure phase objects
such as electromagnetic micro-fields. Although the three-electron-wave and four-electron-wave
interference methods are very useful, two electron biprisms are indispensable. Therefore we proposed
the modified double-exposure electron holographic method using an electron biprism. In this paper, we
present an experimental result of magnetic-field observation with this method.

Low molecular weight of fluid in an alloy of EPDM/SIR, Kazuo IIDA and Reuben HACKAM*, 2004
Annual Report Conference on Electrical Insulation and Dielectric Phenomena, pp.607-610, 2004
Ethylene propylene diene rubber (EPDM), silicone rubber (SIR) and their alloys have good
performance when used as outdoor insulators. The hydrophobicity of the surface is maintained in wet
and polluted conditions as a result of the presence of silicone fluid on the surface. This is sustained by
the diffusion of low molecular weight (LMW) fluid from the bulk to the surface. The amount of LMW
fluid on the surface and in the bulk of the material determines the hydrophobicity during the lifetimeof the alloy of EPDM/SIR used as insulators. A study of the amount, loss and generation of the LMW
fluid in an alloy of EPDM/SIR used for outdoor insulators has been performed as a function oftemperature in order to simulate the effects of the heat generated by the dry band arcings on thesurface. From an infrared (IR) spectroscopy study, the LMW fluid extracted from the virgin specimen
is found to be composed of two kinds of fluids; one comes from the EPDM and the other comes fromthe SIR components of the alloy. The component of the fluid from the SIR initially decreases withsequential heating at 200 oC for 32 h in air and extraction by immersion in hexane at 44 oC for 96 h,
but then the component of the fluid from EPDM finally becomes predominant.

Two Dimensional Motion Tracking of Left Ventricular Myocardium Using Ultrasonic Doppler Signal, Wataru
OHYAMA, Toshikazu MURAMATSU, Tetsushi WAKABAYASHI, Fumitaka KIMURA, Shinji TSURUOKA, andKiyotsugu SEKIOKA*: Proc. of the Sixth IASTED International Conference on Signal and Image Processing,
pp.436-440 (#444-187), 2004

Automatic Tracking for Regional Myocardial Motion by Correlation Method with Connecting Multiple ROIs, Wataru
OHYAMA, Masaki INAMI, Tetsushi WAKABAYASHI, Fumitaka KIMURA, Shinji TSURUOKA, and Kiyotsugu
SEKIOKA*: IEEJ Transactions on Electronics, Information and Systems

Regional Tissue Estimation for Myocardium Using Phase Frequency Spectrum of Ultrasonic RF Signal, Yoshikadu
YASUMOTO, Hirotake ISHII, Shinji TSURUOKA, Fumitaka KIMURA, Tetsushi WAKABAYASHI, Wataru
OHYAMA, and Kiyotsugu SEKIOKA*: The tenth International Conference on Virtual Systems and Multimedia(VSMM2004) , pp.82-88, 2004

Hybrid Automatic Tracking of Regional Myocardium from Ultrasonic RF Echo Signal Using Cardiac Cycle
Estimation, Akihiko KAWABATA, Shinji TSURUOKA, Wataru OHYAMA, Hiroharu KAWANAKA* andKiyotsugu SEKIOKA*, The tenth International Conference on Virtual Systems and Multimedia (VSMM2004) ,pp.307-310, 2004

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Nurse Scheduling Support System Using Genetic Algorithm and its Development, Hiroharu KAWANAKA*,
Tomohiro YOSHIKAWA, Shinji TSURUOKA, Tsuyoshi SHINOGI and Koji YAMAMOTO*, The tenth International
Conference on Virtual Systems and Multimedia (VSMM2004), pp.526-535, 2004

An Individual Guidance System on Keywords Written by a Lecturer for e-Learning Using a Pen Capture Tool,
Kazuyuki NISHIKIMI, Yuuki YADA, Shinji TSURUOKA, Tomohiro YOSHIKAWA and Tsuyoshi SHINOGI, The
tenth International Conference on Virtual Systems and Multimedia (VSMM2004) , pp.1015-1022, 2004

The determination method of camera View Using Active Cameras and Whiteboard Capture Tool for Image Basede-Learning, Keiichi SHIRASAWA, Yuuki YADA, Shinji TSURUOKA, Tomohiro YOSHIKAWA and Tsuyoshi
SHINOGI, The tenth International Conference on Virtual Systems and Multimedia (VSMM2004) , pp.1023-1032,
2004

Between-core Vector Overlapping for Efficient Core Testing of System-On-Chip LSI Circuits, Tsuyoshi SHINOGI,
Yuki YAMADA, Terumine HAYASHI, Tomohiro YOSHIKAWA, Shinji TSURUOKA, The IEICE Transactions on
Information and Systems, Vol.J87-D-I, No.6, pp.702-711, 2004

Test Vector Overlapping for Test Cost Reduction in Parallel Testing of Cores with Multiple Scan Chains, Tsuyoshi
SHINOGI, Yuki YAMADA, Terumine HAYASHI, Tomohiro YOSHIKAWA, Shinji TSURUOKA, 5th Workshop on
RTL and High Level Testing(WRTLT'04), pp.117-122, 2004

A Study for Wireless TCP Access with Base Station Diversity, Katsuhiro NAITO, Hiroshi. OKADA*, Takaya.
YAMAZATO*, and Masaaki. KATAYAMA*: IEICE Transactions on Communications, vol. J87-B, no.4, pp.512-523,
April 2004. [in Japanese]

Frequency Band and Time Slot Selection Scheme for Downlink Packet Communications in Cellular Band Division
MC-CDM Systems, Kazuo MORI and Hideo KOBAYASHI: IEICE Transactions on Communications, Vol.E87-B
No.5, pp.1114-1122, May 2004.

Clipping and Inter-modulation Noise Mitigation Method for OFDM Systems, Pisit BOONSRIMUANG, Pornphavit
BOONSRIMUANG*, Kazuo MORI, Hideo KOBAYASHI and Tawil PAUNGMA*: ElectricalEngineering/Electronics, Computer, Telecommunications and Information Technology Conference (ECTI-CON 2004),
May 2004.

Dynamic Cell Configuration Scheme for Common Channel Communications in CDMA Cellular Packet Systems,
Kazuo MORI and Hideo KOBAYASHI: IEEE International Conference on Communications (ICC2004), Paris, June

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2004.

An Advanced CSMA Inter-Vehicle Communication System using Packet Transmission Timing Decided by the Vehicle
Position, Tomotaka NAGAOSA*, Yukinari KOBAYASHI, Kazuo MORI and Hideo KOBAYASHI: IEEE
Intelligent Vehicle Symposium (IV04), June 2004.

Proposal of SDM-SCOFDM System with Adaptive Modulation Method over MIMO Channels, Yuanrun TENG,
Kazuo MORI and Hideo KOBAYASHI: IEICE Transactions on Communications, Vol. E87-B, No.9, pp.2757-2766,
Sep.2004.

Radio Resource Assignment Scheme for Asymmetric Traffic in CSMA/Shared-TDD Cellular Packet Communications,
Yukinari KOBAYASHI, Kazuo MORI and Hideo KOBAYASHI: IEEE Vehicular Technology Conference (VTC
2004-Fall), Sep. 2004.

Downlink Packet Transmission Control for Asymmetric Traffic in CDMA/Shared-TDD Cellular Communication
Systems, Kazuo MORI and Hideo KOBAYASHI: IEEE International Symposium on Spread Spectrum Techniquesand Applications (ISSSTA04), Sep. 2004.

Proposal of OFDM Channel Estimation Method using Discrete Cosine Transform, Hideo KOBAYASHI and Kazuo
MORI: IEEE International Symposium on Personal, Indoor and Mobile Radio Communications (PIMRC2004), Sep.
2004.

Performance of DCT Interpolation-based Channel Estimation Method for MIMO-OFDM Systems, Yuanrun TENG,
Kazuo MORI and Hideo KOBAYASHI: International Symposium on Communications and Information Technologies
2004 (ISCIT 2004), Oct. 2004.

Soft Handoff Technique for Downlink IP Packet Transmissions in Cellular Environments, Abubaker KHUMSI, Kazuo
MORI and Hideo KOBAYASHI: International Symposium on Communications and Information Technologies 2004
(ISCIT 2004), Oct. 2004.

QAM-OFDM System with IDAR Method in Satellite Channel, Pist BOONSRIMUANG, Kazuo MORI, Tawil
PAUNGMA and Hideo KOBAYASHI: IEICE Joint Conference on Satellite Communications 2004 (JCSAT2004), Oct.
2004.

A Study on the Simple Penalty Term to the Error Function from the Viewpoint of Fault Tolerant Training, Haruhiko
TAKASE, Hidehiko KITA and Terumine HAYASHI: Proc. of 2004 International Joint Conference on NeuralA―21

Networks (IJCNN2004), pp.1045-1050, 2004

On Generating Test Data with High Compressibility, Naohhiro HIRAIWA, Terumine HAYASHI, Tsuyoshi SHINOGI,Haruhiko TAKASE, and Hidehiko KITA: Proc. of IEEE 5th Workshop on RTL and High Level Testing (WRTLT’04),
pp.59-64, 2004

A CAI System for Increasing Learners’ Confidence in Answers, Shinobu TABATA, Hidehiko KITA, Haruhiko
TAKASE, Terumine HAYASHI and Tsutomu SHIMOMURA: Proc. of International Conference on Computers in
Education 2004 (ICCE2004), CD-ROM, 2004

A System for Determining Students' Comprehension during Lectures, Naoki MORITA*, Hidehiko KITA and KanjiAKAHORI*: International Conference on Computers in Education 2004 (ICCE2004), CD-ROM, Nov. 2004

A Practical Method of Multiple-Choice Questions in Formative Tests [In Japanese], Shinobu Tabata, Naoki MORITA*,
Hidehiko KITA, Haruhiko TAKASE, Terumine HAYASHI and Tsutomu SHIMOMURA: Council for Improvementof Education through Computers, Computer & education, Vol.17，pp.126-132, 2004

Influence of etching condition on surface morphology of AlN and GaN layers, Noriyuki KUWANO*, R. TAJIMA*,
Shinya BOHYAMA, Hideto MIYAKE, Kazumasa HIRAMATSU and Tomohiko SHIBATA*: Phys. Stat. Sol. (a) 201,
pp. 2755-2759, 2004

Time-resolved nonlinear luminescence of excitonic transistors in GaN, Yoichi YAMADA*, Yohei YOSHIDA*,
Tsunemasa TAGUCHI*, Hideto MIYAKE, Kazumasa HIRAMATSU, Yasushi IYECHIKA and Takayoshi
MAEDA*: J. Appl. Phys. 96, pp. 138-143 2004

Characterization of III-nitride based Schottky UV detectors with wide detectable wavelength range (360-10 nm) using
Synchrotron Radiation, Atsushi MOTOGAITO, Kazumasa HIRAMATSU, Yasuhiro SHIBATA, Hironobu
WATANABE, Hideto MIYAKE, Kazutoshi FUKUI*, Youichiro OHUCHI*, Kazuyuki TADATOMO* and Yutaka
HAMAMURA: Mat. Res. Soc. Symp. Proc. 798, pp. 53-58 2004

Low-dislocation density GaN and AlGaN using epitaxial-lateral-overgrowth methods, Kazumasa HIRAMATSU and
Hideto MIYAKE: Electrochemical Society Proceedings 2004-06, pp.472-483, 2004

Characterization of freestanding metal optical filters and GaN UV detectors in VUV and SX region, Atsushi
MOTOGAITO, Hironobu WATANABE, Kazumasa HIRAMATSU*, Kazutoshi FUKUI*, Yutaka HAMAMURA*
and Kazuyuki TADATOMO*: UVSOR ACTIVITY REPORT 2003, p.60, 2004

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Characterization of UV detectors with n-AlGaN on AlN epitaxial films, Kazumasa HIRAMATSU, Yasuhiro
SHIBATA, Hiroyuki YASUKAWA, Atsushi MOTOGAITO, Hideto MIYAKE, Youichro OHUCHI*, Kazuyuki
TADATOMO*, Tatsushi NOMURA*, Yutaka HAMAMURA* and Kazutoshi FUKUI*: UVSOR
ACTIVITYREPORT 2003, p. 70, 2004

Electrical and Magnetic Properties of La(Ba)MnO3 Thin Films, Tamio ENDO, Shin-ichi IWASAKI,
Kouji YOSHII, Takahisa SAKURADA, Michi OGATA, Ajay SARKAR, Josep NOGUES*, Juan
MUNOZ*, Jose COLINO*: Trans. Mat. Res. Soc. Jpn. 29(4), pp.1431-1436, 2004
Fabrication of YBCO and LBMO Thin Films, and Double Layered Nanocomposite, Tamio ENDO,
Masanori OKADA, Michi OGATA, Takahisa SAKURADA, Ajay SARKAR: Proc. ICCE-11 (South
Carilina, 2004), pp.157-158, 2004
Synthesis by MOCVD of c-axis Bi2Sr2Ca2Cu3O10 Superconducting Thin Films on (001) and (110)
MgO Substrates, Kazuhiro ENDO*, Peter BADICA*, Tamio ENDO: Proc. APMC (New Delhi, 2004),
pp.790-793, 2004

Microwave Absorption Depending on Field Sweep Rate and Anisotropic Vortex Dynamics ina-Oriented Superconducting YBCO Thin Film, Tamio ENDO, Akinori HASHIZUME, Masanori
OKADA, Takahisa SAKURADA, Ajay SARKAR, Masashi MUKAIDA*: Proc. APMC (New Delhi,
2004), pp.698-701, 2004

Brightness of electron beam emitted from a single pentagon on a multiwall carbon nanotube tip, Koichi HATA, Akihiro
TAKAKURA, Akinori OHSHITA, and Yahachi SAITO*: Surface and Interface Ana2004lysis 36, pp.506-509, 2004
A capped multiwall carbon nanotube (MWNT) with clean surface gives field emission patterns consisting ofsix pentagonal rings corresponding to pentagons located at the tip. To evaluate optical properties of a single pentagon
as an electron source, I-V characteristics and angular current densities for a single clean pentagon have been measured
by probe-hole type field emission microscopy (FEM). A reduced brightness estimated from the angular current
density and the geometrical size of pentagon, reached about 5.6 × 109 A/(m2srV) at an emission current of 53 nA.
This value of reduced brightness is one order of magnitude or more higher than that of individual MWNT field emitter
reported by Jonge et al.

Interference fringes observed in electron emission patterns of a multiwall carbon nanotube, Koichi HATA, Akihiro
TAKAKURA, Kenji MIURA, Akinori OHSHITA, and Yahachi SAITO*: Journal of Vacuum Science & Technology
B, 22, 3, pp.1312-1314, June ,2004
A capped multiwall carbon nanotube (MWNT) with clean surface gives field emission patterns
consisting of six pentagonal rings which correspond to pentagons located at the tip end. One or a few
bright streaks are also observed at the boundaries of neighboring pentagons. The spacing of streaks is inversely
proportional to the square root of the accelerating voltage. Namely, the spacing changes with the wave length of emitted

A―23electrons according to Young's interference equation. The visibility of streaks increased with the accelerating voltage,
which can be explained successfully in terms of a concept of a virtual source size. These experimental results suggestthat the streaks are no more than Young's interference fringes for which the adjacent pentagons behave as double slits.

Fabrication of carbon nanotube array and its field emission property, H. SATO, H. TAKEGAWA, H. YAMAJI, H.
MIYAKE, K. HIRAMATSU and Y. SAITO*: Journal of Vacuum Science & Technology B 22 (3) pp.1335-1337, 2004
A novel fabrication process for carbon nanotubes (CNTs) field emitter array is reported. This process
consists of formation of a protrusion on a silicon substrate, selective deposition of catalyst film on tips of the protrusions
and direct growth of carbon nanotubes on the tips of the protrusions by plasma-enhanced chemical vapor deposition(PECVD). In this process, number of the CNTs grown on each tip of the protrusion can be controlled by size of the
protrusion. The CNTs field emitter arrays gave better field emission property than a continuous CNTs film. A
threshold voltage required to obtain 1µA/cm2 of field emission current from the CNTs field emitter array was about
300V lower than that from the continuous CNTs film. This improvement is presumably due to reduction of screening
effect, which prevents the field from concentrating on the tip of the CNT emitters.

Composite Materials and Their Applications, Shuhei NAKAMURA, Yusuke AOKI, Takuya SHINDOU*, Tetsushi
OKAMOTO*: Proceedings of the XXVIII International Conference of International Microelectronics & Packaging
Society -Poland Chapter-(2004-9), pp. 69-76, 2004

Electrical Properties of Composite Materials and their Functionalization, Tetsushi OAKAMOTO*, Takuya
SHINDOU*, Shuhei NAKAMURA: Proceedings of the 11th Annual International Conference on Composites/NanoEngineering, pp. 527-530, 2004

Functionalization of Organic-Inorganic Hybrid Materials [in Japanese]. Takuya SHINDOH*, Makoto SUGIURA,
Yusuke AOKI, Shuhei NAKAMURA, Kanichi KAMIYA: Proceedings of the 35th symposium on electrical andelectronic insulating materials and application in systems, pp. 97-100, 2004

Super Low-resistive Composites Made with Thermoplastic Elastomer, Graphite and Carbon Black [in Japanese],
Hirotomo MINAMIYAMA, Mitsuhiro HISHIDA, Kouichi TACHI, Yusuke AOKI, Shuhei NAKAMURA:
Proceedings of the 35th symposium on electrical and electronic insulating materials and application in systems, pp.
205-208, 2004