ችၔᢎ⢒ᄢቇⅣႺᢎ⢒⎇ⓥ♿ⷐ‫╙ޓ‬㧤Ꮞ ࢕‫֗ޗޏ۪ͬٺ‬എͅե̠‫ऺޗ‬ȶ۪‫ͅޏ‬࿹̱̞࿡ߗȷ͈‫ٳ‬อ㐳ፉᐽ㓶㧖࡮૒‫ᧁޘ‬૫ᕺ㧖㧖࡮ජፉᜏᦶ㧖㧖㧖࡮㜞↰ᶻሶ㧖㧖㧖
Development of Educational Material for Teaching the Light Pollution
Yasuo NAGASHIMA, Yoshie SASAKI, Takuroh CHISHIMA and Toshiko TAKATA‫ޓ‬łţŴŵųŢŤŵWe have developed a teaching aid of night sky environmental researches. With
this aid, students can understand light pollutions in the viewpoint of the environmental
education. We discuss how light pollutions can be treated as one of the environmental
educations, and then we introduce two night scenery illustrations in the same town,
but with different light conditions. Students compare both illustrations and find out theenvironmental differences in the viewpoint of light pollutions. Effect of the environmental
education using this aid in the elementary and junior high schools are also discussed.
‫࠼࡯ࡢ࡯ࠠޓ‬శኂ‫ޔ‬ᾖ᣿ⅣႺ‫ޔ‬ⅣႺߦఝߒ޿ᄛⓨ‫࠻࡯ࠪࠢ࡯ࡢޔ‬ᢎ᧚㧝㧚ߪߓ߼ߦ⢒⊛ߥᗧ⟵ࠍࠃࠅᷓ߼ࠆߎߣ߇ߢ߈ࠆߣ⠨߃ߡ޿ࠆ‫ޕ‬‫ޓ‬శኂߣ޿߁⸒⪲ߪ‫ޔࠇࠄ߃ࠄߣߦ⟵⁜ߪߦ⥸৻ޔ‬න‫ᧄޓ‬ᢎ᧚ߪ㧞ᨎߩࠗ࡜ࠬ࠻↹ࠍⅣႺᢎ⢒⊛ߥ⋡⊛ᗧ⼂ߥࠆ‫ޟ‬ᄤᢥ᷹ⷰ਄ߩ㓚ኂߩ㧝ߟ‫ߣߎ߁߹ߒߡࠇߐߣޠ‬ࠍ߽ߞߡᲧセߒߥ߇ࠄ‫ߩߘޔ‬㆑޿ࠍតߔㆊ⒟ߢశኂ߇ᄙ޿‫ޕ‬శኂᢎ᧚߇⌕⋡ߐࠇߚߩߪᦨㄭߩߎߣߢ⎇ⓥߩ໧㗴ὐߣߘߩ⸃᳿ߩᗧ⟵ࠍቇ߫ߖࠆࡢ࡯ࠢࠪ࡯࠻ဳߩ⫾Ⓧ߇ዋߥ޿ߎߣ߽‫ߚߞ޿߁ߘޔ‬ᕁầߦߟߥ߇ߞߡᢎ᧚ߢ޽ࠆ‫ߪ↹࠻ࠬ࡜ࠗޕ‬ⅣႺᐡ㧔⃻ⅣႺ⋭㧕㧔㧕޿ࠆ‫ߒ߆ߒޕ‬࿾㆏ߥദജߢዋߒߕߟߘߩᢎ⢒⊛ߥᗧࠍട╩ୃᱜߒߡ↪޿ߚ‫ߩߎޕ‬ᢎ᧚ࠍ↪޿ߚ੐଀ࠍขࠅ⟵߇⹺⍮ߐࠇߡ߈ߡ޿ࠆ㧔ᷰㇱ  ߿દ⮮࡮㜞↰㧘਄ߍߥ߇ࠄⅣႺᢎ⢒⊛ߥ⺖㗴ࠍߤߩࠃ߁ߦ᳇ߠ߆ߖࠆ ߥߤ㧕‫╩ޕ‬⠪ࠄ߽ᛒ޿ᣇࠍᎿᄦߔࠆߎߣߢ‫ߊ޿ޔ‬ߎߣ߇ߢ߈ࠆߩ߆ࠍ␜ߒߚ޿‫ޕ‬ߟ߆ߩⅣႺᢎ⢒਄㊀ⷐߥ᭎ᔨࠍ₪ᓧߐߖࠆߚ߼ߩᢎ᧚ߣߥࠅ߁ࠆߣ⠨߃ߡ޿ࠆ‫╩ޕ‬⠪ࠄߪ‫⺞ߢ߹ࠇߎޔ‬ᩏဳ㧞㧚ⅣႺᢎ⢒ߩⷞὐߣశኂቇ⠌ߩ㧝ߟߣߒߡᤊⓨⅣႺ㧔శኂ㧕ࡑ࠶ࡊߠߊࠅࠍዷ㧝㧕శኂߣᾖ᣿ⅣႺ㐿ߒߡ߈ߚ㧔㐳ፉ߶߆㧘‫ޔ‬㧕‫ޕ‬઄บᏒౝߩዊ‫ޓ‬ⅣႺᐡ㧔⃻ⅣႺ⋭㧕ᄢ᳇଻ోዪ↢ᵴⅣႺቶ㧔㧕ቇ↢ߦෳടࠍ๭߮߆ߌߥ߇ࠄ⥄ቛ๟ㄝߢ᳿߼ࠄࠇߚᦼߦࠃࠇ߫‫ޔ‬శኂߣߪ⦟ᅢߥ‫ޟ‬ᾖ᣿ⅣႺ‫ߩޠ‬ᒻᚑ߇‫ޔ‬ṳᣣߦ⺞ᩏࠍⴕ޿‫⺞ߩߘޔ‬ᩏ⚿ᨐ߆ࠄᤊⓨⅣႺ㧔శኂ㧕ࠇశߦࠃߞߡ㒖ኂߐࠇߡ޿ࠆ⁁ᴫ߹ߚߪߘࠇߦࠃࠆᖡࡑ࠶ࡊࠍ૞ᚑߔࠆߣ޿߁ቇ⠌ᵴേߢ޽ࠆ‫ޕ‬ᣢߦߘߩᚑᓇ㗀ߣቯ⟵ߐࠇߡ޿ࠆ‫ޕ‬ᨐ߇઄บᏒౝߩዊቇ↢ోຬߦ㈩Ꮣߐࠇࠆ೽⺒ᧄߦขࠅ‫ޓ‬࿑㧝ߪశኂߦ㑐ࠊࠆ⠨߃ᣇࠍᮨᑼ⊛ߦ␜ߒߚ߽ߩߢ౉ࠇࠄࠇ‫ޔ‬ዊቇᩞߩᢎ⢒⃻႐ߢᵴ↪ߐࠇߡ޿ࠆ㧔઄บ޽ࠆ‫ߕ߹ޕ‬ᾖ᣿ౕེ߇⸳⟎ߐࠇࠆ႐ว 㨮 ᣿ࠆߊߔߴ߈Ꮢᢎ⢒ᆔຬળ㧘㧕‫ޕ‬㗔ၞ߇޽ࠅ‫ࠍࠇߘޔ‬ᾖ᣿㗔ၞߣ๭߱ 㨫 ߘߩᾖ᣿㗔ၞߦ‫ᧄޓ‬Ⓜߢឭ␜ߔࠆᢎ᧚ࠍ↪޿ߚቇ⠌ߪ‫ߠࡊ࠶ࡑߩߘޔ‬߰ߐࠊߒ޿ᒻ⁁ߣ಴ജ߇⠨ᘦߐࠇࠇ߫శኂߣ޿߁ⅣႺߊࠅߩቇ⠌ᵴേߦኻߒߡ⋧⵬⊛ߥᓎഀࠍᜬߞߡ޿ࠆ‫ޕ‬໧㗴ߪ↢ߓߥ޿‫ޔߪߢ⁁⃻ࠄ߇ߥߒ߆ߒޕ‬ᾖ᣿㗔ၞ߆㧞ߟߩቇ⠌ᵴേࠍหᤨߦⴕ߁ߎߣߢశኂ߇ᜬߟⅣႺᢎࠄṳࠇߡߒ߹߁శࠍቢోߦ㒐ߋߎߣߪߢ߈ߕ‫ࠍࠇߎޔ‬㧖઄บᏒ┙ട⨃ਛቇᩞ 㧖㧖⧎ᏎᏒ┙⧎Ꮞਛቇᩞ 㧖㧖㧖ችၔᢎ⢒ᄢቇℂ⑼ᢎ⢒⻠ᐳ㧙 㧙శኂࠍⅣႺᢎ⢒⊛ߦᛒ߁ᢎ᧚‫ޟ‬ⅣႺߦఝߒ޿ᄛⓨ‫ߩޠ‬㐿⊒ߥߊ࿾਄ᣇะߢߥߌࠇ߫ߥࠄߥ޿‫ߩߘޕ‬ᣇะߦߛߌࠛࡀ࡞ࠡ࡯ࠍ૶߁ߎߣ߇ߢ߈ࠇ߫‫ࠅࠃޔ‬ല₸ࠃߊࠛࡀ࡞ࠡ࡯ࠍ૶߁ߎߣ߇ߢ߈ࠆ‫ߩߘޕ‬ᗧ๧ߢᾖ᣿ߩᦨㆡߥะ߈߿ᒻ⁁߇⠨ᘦߐࠇߥߌࠇ߫ߥࠄߥ޿‫ޕ‬‫ⷞ ޓ‬ὐ㨎ߪㆊᐲߥࠛࡀ࡞ࠡ࡯ࠍ᛼ߐ߃ࠆߣ޿߁⠨߃ᣇߢ޽ࠆ‫ߥࠎߤޕ‬ᾖ᣿ߢ޽ߞߡ߽ߘߩ⋡⊛ߦ޽ߞߚᦨㆡߥ᣿ࠆߐ߇ሽ࿷ߔࠆ‫߫߃଀ޕ‬഍႐ࡎ࡯࡞ߩ⿷రࠍᾖࠄߔ⺃ዉἮߣࠬ࠹࡯ࠫߩ਄ߩᓎ⠪ࠍᾖࠄߔࠬࡐ࠶࠻࡜ࠗ࠻ߪᔅⷐߣߐࠇࠆࠛࡀ࡞ࠡ࡯㊂߇⇣ߥࠆ‫ߩߘޕ‬ᗧ๧ߢᾖࠄߔߴ߈⋡⊛ߦว⥌ߔࠆᦨㆡߥࠛࡀ࡞ࠡ࡯㊂ߩᾖ᣿ࠍᬌ⸛ߒߡ޿߆ߥߌࠇ߫ߥࠄߥ޿‫ޕ‬଎ˍȅચྶ‫ٺ࢕͂ߓܕ‬‫ⷞ ޓ‬ὐ㨏ߪⅣႺᢎ⢒ߩਥኻ⽎ߣߥࠆੱ㑆ߦߣߞߡṳࠇశߣ๭ࠎߢ޿ࠆ 㨫 ߎߩṳࠇశ߇ᒁ߈⿠ߎߔ᭽‫ߥޘ‬቟ోߢᔟㆡߥ↢ᵴࠍ଻㓚ߔࠆߣ޿߁ὐߢ޽ࠆ‫ޕ‬ᾖ᣿ߪⅣႺ໧㗴߇శኂߢ޽ࠆ‫ޕ‬㧔ⅣႺᐡ㧘㧕‫ޕ‬ర᧪‫ੱޔ‬Ꮏ⊛ߦ૞ࠅ಴ߐࠇߚ߽ߩߢ޽ࠆ‫ޕ‬ㆊᐲߩశ㊂ߢ቟⌁߇ᅹኂߐࠇࠆߎߣ߿‫⥄ޔ‬േゞߩㆇォߩ㓚ኂߣߥ

㧞㧕ⅣႺᢎ⢒߆ࠄߺߚశኂᢎ᧚ߩ૏⟎ߠߌࠅ੤ㅢ቟ోߦᡰ㓚ࠍ߈ߚߔࠃ߁ߥᾖ᣿ߪ⸳⟎ߐࠇߚ⋡‫ޓ‬ⅣႺᢎ⢒ߩౝኈߪᄙጘߦࠊߚࠅ‫ޔ‬ታ〣ߔࠆ┙႐ߦ⊛ߦ෻ߔࠆ‫ޕ‬૬ߖߡᄛ㑆ߦᤊ‫ޔߪߩ߁޿ߣ޿ߥ߃⷗߇ޘ‬ࠃߞߡߘߩቯ⟵߽⇣ߥࠆ‫╩ޕ‬⠪ࠄߪጊ↰߶߆㧔㧕ᄤᢥቇߩ⊒ዷ਄‫⥄ޔ‬ὼ⑼ቇᢎ⢒਄߽ᦸ߹ߒ޿⁁ᘒߢߪߦᓥ޿‫ޔ‬ⅣႺߣੱ㑆ߣߩ᳗⛯⊛ઃ߈ว޿ࠍน⢻ߣߔࠆߥ޿㧔⏷ㇱ㧘㧕‫ޕ‬ߚ߼ߩታ〣߿ᢎ⢒ᵴേ‫✚ߩ✵⸠ޔ‬⒓ߣߒߡⅣႺᢎ⢒ࠍ‫ⷞ ޓ‬ὐ㨐ߣࠄ߃ߚ‫ߩߘޕ‬ቯ⟵ࠍ߰߹߃ᰴߩࠃ߁ߥ㧠ߟߩᢎ᧚㐿ᜬߔࠆߎߣ߇ߢ߈ࠆⅣႺࠍᢛ߃ࠆߣ޿߁ⷞὐߢ޽ࠆ‫ޕ‬⊒ߩⷞὐ㧔࿑㧞㧕ࠍ⸳ቯߒߚ‫ޕ‬ᣢߦㅀߴߚߣ߅ࠅേᬀ‛߇ஜోߥ↢ᵴ߇ᦸ߼ߥ޿⁁ᘒ‫ⷞ ޓ‬ὐ㨍ߪᾖ᣿ౕེߩᒻ⁁߿ᾖ᣿㗔ၞߩᣇะߦ㑐ߪⅣႺᢎ⢒ߩౝኈ߆ࠄߺߡ߽໧㗴߇޽ࠆ‫⥄ޕ‬ὼ⁁ᘒߩߔࠆ⠨߃ᣇߢ޽ࠆ‫᧪ᧄޕ‬ᾖࠄߔߴ߈▸࿐ߪᄛⓨߢߪᄛ㑆ߪ᦬ߩశએ਄ߩశߪሽ࿷ߒߥ޿ߣ޿߁೨ឭߦ┙ߟߪ࿾⃿ߢ↢ᵴߔࠆ↢‛߇ஜోߦ↢ᵴࠍ⛽଎ˎȅ࢕‫ͬٺ‬ளऺ̱̹۪͂‫֗ޗޏ‬എ̈́‫ٳऺޗ‬อ͈ণത㧙 㧙ችၔᢎ⢒ᄢቇⅣႺᢎ⢒⎇ⓥ♿ⷐ‫╙ޓ‬㧤Ꮞ ߴ߈ߢ޽ࠅ‫ޔ‬ᾖ᣿ߦࠃߞߡ↢ߓࠆᖡᓇ㗀ࠍേᬀ‛ߩߚ߁Ბ㓏ߢ޽ࠆ‫ޕ‬߼ߦᦨዊ㒢ߦߔࠆദജࠍⴕࠊߥߌࠇ߫ߥࠄߥ޿‫ޕ‬‫ޟߡߒߘޓ‬ⅣႺߦఝߒ޿ᄛⓨ‫ޠ‬ᢎ᧚ߩਥ㗴߇ࠗ࡜ࠬ࠻‫ⷞޓ‬ὐ㨍߆ࠄ㨐߇㆐ᚑߐࠇࠆߎߣߢశኂࠍૐᷫߔࠆ↢ߩᲧセࠍㅢߒߡቇ߱శኂߩో૕௝ߢ޽ࠆ‫ޕ‬శኂߦߪߤᵴ߇⏕┙ߒ‫ߡߞࠃߦࠇߘޔ‬ⅣႺߦఝߒ޿ᄛⓨ߇ౣ⃻ߐߩࠃ߁ߥ߽ߩ߇޽ࠆߩ߆‫ߩߘޔ‬ᡷༀ╷ߪߤߩࠃ߁ߥ߽ࠇࠆߣ޿߁ᚑᨐ߇ᦼᓙߐࠇࠆ‫ޕ‬ߩ߇޽ࠆߩ߆‫ޔ‬㧞ᨎߩࠗ࡜ࠬ࠻↹ߩ㆑޿ࠍតߔቇ⠌ᵴേࠍㅢߓߡ‫ޔ‬ℂ⸃ߢ߈ࠆࠃ߁ߦߥࠆ‫ᦨޕ‬ᓟߩ߹ߣ߼ߩ㧟㧚‫ޟ‬ⅣႺߦఝߒ޿ᄛⓨ‫ࠍޠ‬ቇ߱ᢎ᧚㐿⊒Ბ㓏ߢ઄บᏒᄤᢥบ๟ㄝߦ⸳⟎ߐࠇߚ㧞ߟߩⴝἮ⟲ࠍ㧝㧕ᢎ᧚ൻߩᣇ㊎⚫੺ߒ‫ߩ↹࠻ࠬ࡜ࠗޔ‬Ყセߢቇࠎߛߎߣࠍ౮⌀ߢౣ⏕‫╩ޓ‬⠪ࠄߪశኂࠍᦨᄢ㒢㒐ߋദജࠍߒߚᄛⓨࠍ‫ޟ‬ⅣႺ⹺ߐߖࠆ‫ޕ‬ߦఝߒ޿ᄛⓨ‫ߣޠ‬๭⒓ߒߚ‫ߩߎޕ‬ᄛⓨࠍ⋡ᜰߔⴕὑߣ‫ߩࠄࠇߎޓ‬㧟ߟߩ⺖㗴ߦขࠅ⚵߻ߎߣߢశኂߦ㑐ࠊࠆశኂ߳ߩℂ⸃ࠍ੹࿁ឭ␜ߔࠆᢎ᧚ߦࠃߞߡఽ┬↢ᓤߦⅣႺᢎ⢒⊛ߥ⢻ജࠍ⢒ᚑߔࠆ৻ഥߦߥࠆߣ╩⠪ࠄߪ⠨りߦߟߌߐߖߚ޿ߣ⠨߃ߚ‫ޕ‬ᢎ᧚ߩ᭽ᑼߪ‫ޔ‬ᢎ⢒⃻႐߃ߚ‫ޕ‬ߢᵴ↪ߒ߿ߔ޿ࡢ࡯ࠢࠪ࡯࠻ဳߣߒ‫ޔ‬ዉ౉⺖㗴‫⺑⸃ޔ‬⺖㗴‫ޔ‬ಽᨆ⺖㗴ߣ޿߁㧟ߟߩᲑ㓏ࠍ㗅ߦㅊ޿ߥ߇ࠄข㧞㧕ࡢ࡯ࠢࠪ࡯࠻ᢎ᧚‫ޟ‬ⅣႺߦఝߒ޿ᄛⓨ‫ߦޠ‬ㄟ߼ࠄࠅ⚵߻ᢎ᧚ߣߒߚ‫ޕ‬࿑㧟߇ߘࠇࠍ␜ߒߡ޿ࠆ‫ޕ‬ࠇߚశኂߦ㑐ࠊࠆⅣႺᢎ⢒⊛ଔ୯‫ޔߕ߹ޓ‬శኂ߳ߩ⥝๧߿㑐ᔃࠍ㜞߼ࠆ⺖㗴߇‫ޔ‬ዉ౉⺖‫ޓ‬࿑㧠߇‫ޔ‬శኂࠍᛒ߁᝼ᬺታ〣ߢ↪޿ߚࡢ࡯ࠢࠪ࡯࠻㗴ߢ޽ࠆ‫࠻࡯ࠪࠢ࡯ࡢޕ‬ᢎ᧚ߢߪఽ┬↢ᓤߦߣߞߡりߢ޽ࠆ‫ᧄޕ‬ᢎ᧚ߪᾖ᣿ߩᓎഀࠍ⺑᣿ߒశኂߩᗧ๧ࠍᱜㄭߥ⹤㗴ߣߒߡ৾ᄕ⑂ࠅࠍ଀ߦ᜼ߍߚ‫৾ޕ‬ᄕ⑂ࠅߪ‫ޔ‬⏕ߦℂ⸃ߐߖࠆߚ߼ߩ⸃⺑ߣ‫ޔ‬㧞ᨎߩࠗ࡜ࠬ࠻↹ߢ᭴❱ࠅᆢ‫ޔ‬ᒾᤊߩ⊓႐ߔࠆᤊ⑂ࠅߣߒߡ‫ޔ‬ᄤߩᎹ߇⊓ᚑߐࠇߡ޿ࠆ‫ޕ‬એਅߢࡢ࡯ࠢࠪ࡯࠻ᢎ᧚ߢ␜ߐࠇߚࠗ႐ߔࠆ‛⺆ߢ޽ࠆ‫ߩߎޕ‬ᄤߩᎹ߇ㇺᏒㇱߢߪ⷗ߦߊߊ࡜ࠬ࠻↹ߦㄟ߼ࠄࠇߚⅣႺᢎ⢒⊛ߥశኂߦ㑐ࠊࠆⷐ⚛

ߥߞߡ޿ࠆߎߣߦ᳇ߠ߆ߖࠆߎߣࠍਛᔃߣߒߚ⺖㗴᭴ࠍ⸃⺑ߔࠆ‫ޕ‬ᮘญ㧔㧕ߩ㆙᥊‫ޔ‬ਛ᥊‫ޔ‬ㄭ᥊ߣ޿߁ᚑߢ޽ࠆ‫ޕ‬〒㔌ࠍၮᧄߦᝪ߃ߚⅣႺ⹺⼂ߩ඙ಽߢᢛℂߒߚ‫ޕ‬‫ޓ‬ᰴ߇⸃⺑⺖㗴ߢ޽ࠆ‫ޕ‬శኂߩේ࿃ߣߥࠆⷐ⚛ߪᄙ‫ޘ‬Ԙ㆙᥊ߣߒߡߩ㜞ጀᑪ▽ⴝ޽ࠆ߇‫޿ߔ߿ࠅ߆ࠊ⇟৻ޔ‬ಾࠅญߦߟ޿ߡᬌ⸛ߒߚ⚿‫ޓ‬࿑㧡ߪ㆙ᣇߩ㜞ጀᑪ▽ⴝߩ㆑޿ࠍ␜ߒߡ޿ࠆ‫ᧄޕ‬Ⓜ

ᨐ‫ޔ‬ᾖ᣿ౕེߩᒻ⁁ࠍขࠅ਄ߍࠆߎߣߦߒߚ‫ߦ⊛⋡ޕ‬ߢឭ␜ߔࠆࡢ࡯ࠢࠪ࡯࠻ᢎ᧚ߩ⋡⊛ࠍ⽎ᓽߔࠆㇱಽߣ޽ߞߚᒻ⁁ߩᾖ᣿ౕེ߇૶ࠊࠇߡ޿ࠆ߆ߤ߁߆ߢశኂ޿ߞߡ߽ࠃ޿‫ޕ‬ߦ෸߷ߔᓇ㗀߇ᄢ߈޿ߎߣࠍ⍮ࠄߖࠆߚ߼ߩ⸃⺑ࠍⴕ‫ޓ‬㆙᥊ߣߒߡߩ㜞ጀᑪ▽ⴝߛߌߩᲧセߢߪ‫৻ߗߥޔ‬ᣇ଎ˏȅȶ۪‫ͅޏ‬࿹̱̞࿡ߗȷ‫͈ऺޗ‬୭༷ࠗૻ㧙 㧙శኂࠍⅣႺᢎ⢒⊛ߦᛒ߁ᢎ᧚‫ޟ‬ⅣႺߦఝߒ޿ᄛⓨ‫ߩޠ‬㐿⊒଎ːȅχȜ·ΏȜΠ‫شޗ‬ȶ۪‫ͅޏ‬࿹̱̞࿡ߗȷȪ۪‫ޏ‬಩Ȅ2::9 ͅ‫ح‬ຊȫȅ㧙 㧙ችၔᢎ⢒ᄢቇⅣႺᢎ⢒⎇ⓥ♿ⷐ‫╙ޓ‬㧤Ꮞ ߢߪᤊ߇⷗߃ߕ‫৻߁߽ޔ‬ᣇߢߢߪᤊ߇⍍޿ߡ޿ࠆߩ߆‫ޔ‬Ԛㄭ᥊ߣߒߡߩᑪ▽‛ߘߩේ࿃߹ߢߚߤࠅ⌕ߊߎߣߪߢ߈ߥ޿߇‫ޔ‬࿑  ߩᏀ‫ޓ‬㆙᥊ߣߒߡߩ㜞ጀᑪ▽ⴝࠍឬ޿ߚࠗ࡜ࠬ࠻↹ߩᲧセ஥ߩ㜞ጀᑪ▽ⴝߢߪή㈩ᘦߦደᄖ߳ᾖ᣿ߩశ߇ṳࠇߡߢߪਇ᣿ߛߞߚේ࿃ࠍℂ⸃ߔࠆ⚦ㇱߦࠊߚࠆࡅࡦ࠻߇޿ࠆߎߣ‫ޔ‬ฝ஥ߩ㜞ጀᑪ▽ⴝߢߪᨱ߆ߩᣇᴺߢ‫ޔ‬ᔅⷐឬ߈ㄟ߹ࠇߚㇱಽ߇࿑㧣ߢ␜ߐࠇࠆ‫ޕ‬ᑪ▽‛ߩ⓹ߦߪߩߥ޿శࠍᑪ‛ᄖ߳಴ߐߥ޿ࠃ߁ߥ㈩ᘦ߇ߥߐࠇߡ޿ࡉ࡜ࠗࡦ࠼߇㒠ࠈߐࠇ‫ޔ‬ደᄖ߳శ߇಴ߡ޿߆ߥ޿ࠃ߁ࠆߎߣߦߟ޿ߡ᳇ߠ߆ߖࠆߎߣ߇ߢ߈ࠆ‫ޕ‬ߘߩᗧ๧ߢ‫ޔ‬ߦᎿᄦߐࠇߡ޿ࠆ‫ߩߎޕ‬ὐߦ᳇ߠߊߎߣ߇ߢ߈ࠇ߫‫ޔ‬㆙᥊ߣߒߡߩ㜞ጀᑪ▽ⴝߢᤊ߇⍍޿ߡ޿ߚ⁁ᘒߩᄛⓨߩේ࿃ߦߟ޿ߡផኤߔࠆߎߣ߇ߢ߈ࠆࠃ߁ߦߥࠆ‫ޕ‬‫ޓ‬ደᄖ߳ṳࠇࠆశߩࠛࡀ࡞ࠡ࡯ࠍή㚝ߦߒߥ޿ࠃ߁ߦᎿᄦߔࠇ߫ߘߩಽߛߌ⋭ࠛࡀ࡞ࠡ࡯ߦߥࠆߎߣ߆ࠄ‫ޔ‬శኂߦ㑐ㅪߔࠆⅣႺᢎ⢒ߩⷞὐ㨍ߦ⹥ᒰߔࠆᜰዉࠍⴕ߁ߎߣߦߥࠆ‫ޕ‬ԛੱ㑆߇ឬ߈ㄟ߹ࠇߚㄭ᥊଎ˑȅ‫̜༷ࣞͥͅ׿‬௄࠺ಃ‫ځ‬‫ੱޓ‬㑆߇ឬ߈ㄟ߹ࠇߚㄭ᥊㧔࿑㧤㧕ߢߪ‫ߺ⺒ޔ‬ขࠆߴ߈ߎߣ߇ᄙߊ฽߹ࠇߡ޿ࠆ‫〝ⴝߕ߹ޕ‬Ἦߩᒻ⁁ߩ㆑޿ߎߩ㘑᥊ߪⷞὐ㨍㨎㨏㨐ߩోߡ߇ታ⃻ߐࠇߚߣ߈ߦ⴫߇ᜰ៰ߢ߈ࠆ‫ޕ‬࿑㧤਄஥ߩᾖ᣿ߪ஺߇ขࠅઃߌࠄࠇߡ಴ߔࠆ‫ޟ‬ⅣႺߦఝߒ޿ᄛⓨ‫ߩޠ‬ᆫߘߩ߽ߩࠍ⴫ߒߡ޿޿ߥ޿ߚ߼ᄛⓨᣇะߦశ߇ṳࠇߡߒ߹ߞߡ޿ࠆ㧔ⷞὐࠆ‫ޕ‬㨎㧕‫ߪߢߎߎޕ‬㆏〝⣁ߩㄘ૞‛ߦ⌕⋡ߐߖࠆ‫ޕ‬ᄛ㑆ᾖԙਛ᥊ߣߒߡߩ㆏〝ߦߟߌࠄࠇߚⴝἮ⟲᣿߇ⴝ〝᮸߿ㄘ૞‛ߦ᭽‫ߥޘ‬ᓇ㗀ࠍ෸߷ߒߡ޿ࠆน⢻‫ޓ‬࿑㧢ߪᾖ᣿ౕེߩᒻ⁁߇๟ㄝߩⅣႺߦߤߩࠃ߁ߦᓇ㗀ࠍਈ߃ߡ޿ࠆ߆ࠍᗵߓขࠄߖࠆㇱಽߢ޽ࠆ㧔Ꮉ਄㧘㧕‫ޕ‬Ꮐ஥ߩⴝἮ⟲ߪ㔚⃿ㇱಽߦᾖ᣿㗔ၞࠍ೙㒢ߔࠆ஺߇ߟ޿ߡ޿ߥ޿ߚ߼‫ޔ‬਄ᣇߟ߹ࠅᄛⓨᣇะߦశ߇ṳࠇߡߒ߹ߞߡ޿ࠆ‫৻ߩߘޕ‬ᣇߢฝ஥ߩⴝἮ⟲ߪਅᣇߦߩߺᾖ᣿ߩశ߇ዯߊࠃ߁ߦ⸳⸘ߐࠇߚᒻ⁁ߣߥߞߡ޿ࠆ‫↢┬ఽޕ‬ᓤߦ߽ࠛࡀ࡞ࠡ࡯߇ή㚝ߦߥߞߡ޿ࠆ߆଎˓ȅ΂έͻΑΫσ͂ΏοȜ;ͼϋΡ;!଎˒ȅൽႹ‫ځ͈̞״‬൘߲ᕈ㧔◩ේ㧘㧕ߦߟ޿ߡ᳇ߠ߆ߖࠆ‫ޕ‬࿑㧤਄஥ߩⴝ〝Ἦߦࠃࠆᾖ᣿ߢߪᾖ᣿ߩᣇะ߇೙ᓮߐࠇߡ޿ߥ޿ߚߤ߁߆ࠍᐔᤃߦ್ᢿߢ߈ࠆࠃ߁ߦߒߡ޽ࠆ‫ޕ‬߼‫ޔ‬ㄘ૞‛ߦ߽ᄛ㑆ᾖ᣿߇ᒰߚߞߡߒ߹ߞߡ޿ࠆ㧔ⷞ‫ޓ‬ᾖ᣿㗔ၞߦห╬ߩ᣿ࠆߐࠍ᳞߼ߚߣ߈‫ޔ‬Ꮐ஥ߩⴝἮὐ㨐㧕‫৻ޕ‬ᣇਅ஥ߩⴝ〝Ἦߦࠃࠆᾖ᣿ߢߪ‫ޔ‬ᾖ᣿ߩᣇ⟲ߢࠃࠅᄙߊߩᶖ⾌㔚ജ߇ᔅⷐߣߐࠇࠆߩߪఽ┬↢ᓤะ߇೙ᓮߐࠇߡ޿ࠆߚ߼ᓇ㗀ࠍ෸߷ߒߡ޿ߥ޿‫ޕ‬ߩ↢ᵴ⚻㛎߆ࠄ߽ኈᤃߦផ⺰ߔࠆߎߣ߇ߢ߈ࠆ‫ߩߘޕ‬‫ޓ‬ᰴߦᵈ⋡ߔߴ߈ߪో૕⊛ߥᥧߐߩ㆑޿ߢ޽ࠆ‫ޕ‬਄஥ᗧ๧ߢⷞὐ㨎ߦ⹥ᒰߔࠆⅣႺᢎ⢒⊛ߥଔ୯ࠍ⴫ߔㇱಽߩⴝ〝Ἦ߇ᒝߔ߉ࠆశࠍ⊒ߒߡ޿ࠆߚ߼ߦࠦࡦ࠻࡜ࠬߣ޿߃ࠆ‫ޕ‬࠻߇ᄢ߈ߊߥߞߡߒ߹ߞߡⷞ⹺ᕈࠍᷫߓߡ޿ࠆߩߢ޽㧙 㧙శኂࠍⅣႺᢎ⢒⊛ߦᛒ߁ᢎ᧚‫ޟ‬ⅣႺߦఝߒ޿ᄛⓨ‫ߩޠ‬㐿⊒ࠆ‫ޕ‬ห᭽ߦᢔᱠਛߩࠗ࠿߇ߘߩࠦࡦ࠻࡜ࠬ࠻ߩߚ߼ߦ㧟㧕ࠗ࡜ࠬ࠻↹߆ࠄታ౮⌀߳‫ޕ‬઄บᏒᄤᢥบ๟ㄝߦ⸳⷗߃ߥߊߥߞߡߒ߹ߞߡ޿ࠆ‫ޕ‬⟎ߐࠇߚ㧞⒳㘃ߩⴝἮ‫৻ߦ⥸৻ޓ‬ㇱಽߛߌߩᒝ޿ᾖ᣿߇‫ޔ‬๟ㄝߩᥧ޿ㇱಽߩ‫߇↹࠻ࠬ࡜ࠗޓ‬ਛᔃ⊛ߥ⺖㗴ߢ޽ߞߚߚ߼‫ᦨޔ‬ᓟߦⷞ⹺ᕈࠍ⪺ߒߊૐਅߐߖࠆߎߣ߇ᄢ߈ߥ໧㗴ὐߣߒߡቇࠎߛߎߣࠍᢛℂߔࠆᲑ㓏ߢታ㓙ߩᄛ᥊౮⌀ࠍዉ౉ߒᜰ៰ߐࠇߡ޿ࠆ㧔ⅣႺᐡᄢ᳇଻ోዪᄢ᳇↢ᵴⅣႺቶ✬㧘ߚ‫ߩ↹࠻ࠬ࡜ࠗޕ‬ශ⽎߆ࠄ౮⌀ߦࠃࠆታᗵࠍ઻ߞߚℂ㧕‫ޕ‬㒐‽਄ߩ໧㗴ߣߒߡ߽㊀ⷐߥᗧ๧ࠍᜬߜ‫ޔ‬᣿⸃߳ߟߥߍࠆߚ߼ߢ޽ࠆ‫ޕ‬ࠆߔ߉ࠆᾖ᣿߆ࠄ৻ᱠ㔌ࠇࠆߣᕆߦᥧߊߥࠆߚ߼ෂ㒾‫ޓ‬࿑㧥߇ᄛ᥊౮⌀ࠍ᠟ᓇߒߚ૏⟎ࠍ‫ޔ‬࿑  ߇㧞࿾ὐࠍኤ⍮ߔࠆߎߣ߇㕖Ᏹߦ㔍ߒߊߥࠆߣ޿߁‫ੱޕ‬㑆ߩ⌒ߦ߅ߌࠆᄛ᥊౮⌀ߢ޽ࠆ‫ޕ‬઄บᏒᄤᢥบߢߪᏒ᳃ะߌࠍᦨᄢ㒢ߦ↢߆ߔߎߣߩߢ߈ࠆ᣿ࠆߐ߇᳞߼ࠄࠇࠆߩߦᄤ૕ⷰᦸળࠍታᣉߒߡ޿ࠆ‫ࠆ߈ߢޕ‬㒢ࠅᅢ᧦ઙߢᄤߢ޽ࠆ㧔ⷞὐ㨏㧕‫ޕ‬૕᷹ⷰࠍⴕ߁ߎߣ߇ߢ߈ࠆࠃ߁ߦ㓞ធߔࠆⴝἮߦ߽Ꮏ‫⥄ޓ‬േゞߩㆇォᚻߦߣߞߡ߽‫〝ⴝޔ‬Ἦߦࠃࠆᾖ᣿ߩశᄦ߇ߥߐࠇ‫ޔ‬శኂࠍૐᷫߔࠆ⁁ᘒߦߒߡ޽ࠆ‫ޕ‬߇⋥ធ⋡ߦ౉ࠅ‫ߒࠄߚ߽ࠍߐߒ⌇ޔ‬㊀ᄢߥ੐᡿ߦߟߥ‫ޓ‬㨍ᣇะߦߪ৻⥸ߩ᳓㌁Ἦ߇⸳⟎ߐࠇ‫ޔ‬㨎ᣇะߦߪૐ߇ࠆෂ㒾ᕈ߽޽ࠆߣߐࠇߡ޿ࠆ‫ޕ‬࿶࠽࠻࡝࠙ࡓἮ߇⸳⟎ߐࠇߡ޿ࠆ‫ޕ‬ᱠⴕ⠪߇ᄛ㑆߽቟‫ޓ‬ᾖ᣿ߪᧄ᧪ᄛ㑆ߩଢ೑ߥ↢ᵴࠍഥߌࠆᓎഀࠍᜬߞߡోߦㅢⴕߢ߈ࠆࠃ߁ߦ⸳⟎ߐࠇߡ޿ࠆ߽ߩߢ޽ࠆ߇‫ޔ‬޿ࠆߪߕߢ޽ࠆ߇‫ᦨޔ‬ㆡߥ᣿ࠆߐߦߟ޿ߡߪචಽߥℂ㨍ᣇะߩ౮⌀߇␜ߔࠃ߁ߦ᳓㌁Ἦߩᧄᢙ߇ᄙ޿‫ࠇߎޕ‬⸃߇ᓧࠄࠇߡ޿ߥ޿ߚ߼‫⹺ⷞޔ‬ᕈࠍ㒖ኂߒߡ޿ࠆߎߣߪᱠ㆏ో૕ࠍဋ৻ߩ᣿ࠆߐߦߔࠆߚ߼ߦᔅⷐߥᢙ߇ഀ߇ᄙ޿ߩߢ޽ࠆ‫ޕ‬ࠅ಴ߐࠇߚ߽ߩߢ‫ޔ‬ㆊ೾ߥ᣿ࠆߐߦߥߞߡ޿ࠆ‫ޕ‬‫৻ޓ‬ᣇ‫ޔ‬㨎ᣇะߢߪⴝἮߩᧄᢙ߇ዋߥ޿‫ੱߪࠇߎޕ‬㑆ߩ⌒ߩ⢻ജࠍᒁ߈಴ߔߎߣ߇ߢ߈ࠆࠃ߁ߦ㈩ᘦߐࠇߚ
శࠛࡀ࡞ࠡ࡯ߩ㊂ߣⴝἮߩᒻ⁁ߦࠃࠆ߽ߩߢ޽ࠆ‫ޕ‬ല₸ࠃߊή㚝ߥࠛࡀ࡞ࠡ࡯ࠍ૶ߞߡ޿ߥ޿ߚ߼ߦዋߥ޿ᧄᢙߢᔅⷐߥ᣿ࠆߐ߇଻⸽ߐࠇߡ޿ࠆታ଀ߢ޽ࠆ‫ޕ‬‫߽ࠄߜߤޓ‬Ყセ⊛㆙ᣇ߹ߢ⷗ㅢߔߎߣߩߢ߈ࠆ৻ቯߩ᣿ࠆߐ߇଻⸽ߐࠇߡ޿ࠆ߇‫ޔ‬శኂߦߟ޿ߡᔅⷐߥ⍮⼂ࠍᓧߡ޿ࠇ߫㨎ᣇะߩⴝἮ߇ᦸ߹ߒ޿ߎߣߦ᳇ߠߊߎߣ߇ߢ߈ࠆ‫ޕ‬଎˔ȅ૽‫̦ۼ‬ຝ̧ࣺ̹ͦ͘࿡͈໓ࠊ଎˕ȅ࿡ࠊ͈ज़‫ג‬౷ത̷͈ज़‫༷࢜ג‬㧙 㧙ችၔᢎ⢒ᄢቇⅣႺᢎ⢒⎇ⓥ♿ⷐ‫╙ޓ‬㧤Ꮞ 

଎ 21ȅ࿡ࠊ͈ज़‫ג‬౷ത̷͈ज़‫༷࢜ג‬㧠㧚‫ޟ‬ⅣႺߦఝߒ޿ᄛⓨ‫ߚ޿↪ࠍޠ‬᝼ᬺታ〣࡮㆙ߊߩⴝߦ⷗߃ࠆᤊߩᢙߩ㆑޿‫ޓ‬ᐔᚑ  ᐕᐲߦ઄บᏒ┙㤥᧻ዊቇᩞ㧡ᐕ↢‫ޔ‬ᐔᚑ ࡮㆙ߊߩⴝߩᄛⓨߩ᣿ࠆߐߩ㆑޿ᐕᐲߦ઄บᏒ┙᪉ࡩਐਛቇᩞ㧞ᐕ↢ߦ‫ࠢ࡯ࡢߩߎޔ‬࡮㆏〝⣁ߩⴝἮߩᒻߩ㆑޿ࠪ࡯࠻ᢎ᧚‫ޟ‬ⅣႺߦఝߒ޿ᄛⓨ‫ߚ޿↪ࠍޠ‬᝼ᬺታ〣ࠍ࡮㆏〝⣁ߩⴝἮߩ᣿ࠆߐߩ㆑޿⹜ߺߚ‫ޕ‬઄บᏒ᪉ਐਛቇᩞߩ੐଀ߦߟ޿ߡߪᣢߦ᭎ⷐ࡮੐ോᚲደ਄ߦ޽ࠆ⋴᧼ࠍᾖࠄߔ㔚⃿ߩะ߈ߩ㆑޿ࠍㅀߴߚ㧔㐳ፉ߶߆㧘㧕ߩߢ‫ߪߢߎߎޔ‬㤥᧻ዊቇ࡮੐ോᚲߩ⓹ߩࡉ࡜ࠗࡦ࠼ߩ᦭ήᩞߩ੐଀ࠍਛᔃߦᧄᢎ᧚ߩലᨐߦߟ޿ߡ⸒෸ߔࠆ‫ޕ‬࡮࡚ࠪ࡯࠙ࠗࡦ࠼ߩ᣿ࠆߐߩ㆑޿㧝㧕㤥᧻ዊቇᩞ㧡ᐕ↢߇ࠗ࡜ࠬ࠻↹ߩᲧセ߆ࠄ⺒ߺ࡮ᱠ㆏Ἦߩᒻߩ㆑޿ขߞߚౝኈ࡮ᱠ㆏Ἦߩ᣿ࠆߐߩ㆑޿‫৻ޔߕ߹ޓ‬ቯߩᤨ㑆ࠍขߞߡ᳇ߠ޿ߚߎߣࠍࡢ࡯ࠢ࡮ࠦࡦࡆ࠾ߩ㔚Ἦߩ᣿ࠆߐߩ㆑޿ࠪ࡯࠻ߦ⸥౉ߐߖߚ‫ޕ‬࿑  ߪㄭߊߩ෹㆐ߣᗧ⷗੤឵࡮ⴝ〝᮸ߦᄛ㑆߽శ߇ᒰߚߞߡ޿ࠆ߆ߤ߁߆ߩ㆑޿ࠍߒߡ޿ࠆ᭽ሶࠍ‫ޔ‬࿑  ߪ⊒⴫ߒߡ޿ࠆ᭽ሶࠍ␜ߒ࡮ㄘ૞‛ߦᄛ㑆߽శ߇ᒰߚߞߡߒ߹ߞߡ޿ࠆ߆ߤ߁߆ߡ޿ࠆ‫ޕ‬㧝ੱ޽ߚࠅ߅߅߻ߨ㧢ߟ⒟ᐲߩ㆑޿ࠍ⸥ㅀߒ

ߩ㆑޿ߡ޿ߚ‫ޕ‬᳇߇ߟ޿ߚߎߣࠍ⊒⴫ߐߖߚߣߎࠈ‫ߪ┬ఽޔ‬‫ߢ߹ߎߎޓ‬಴ߚߣߎࠈߢᗧ⷗߇಴ዧߊߒߚࠃ߁ߢ⊒⸒ᰴߩᗧ⷗ࠍᜰ៰ߒߚ‫⸒⊒ޕ‬㗅ߦ⸥ㅀߔࠆ‫ޕ‬߇ᱛ߹ߞߚ‫ߢߎߘޕ‬ᰴߩᲑ㓏ߣߒߡᾖ᣿ߩᓎഀߣੱ㑆ߩ⌒ߩᕈ⢻ߦߟ޿ߡ⵬⿷⺑᣿ߒߚ‫ޕ‬

଎ 22ȅ࿻ో͂დ̱ࣣ̞̦֑̞̈́ͣͬౝ̳အঊ

!଎ 23ȅু໦̦ࡉ̫̹֑̞̾ͬอນ̳ͥအঊ㧙 㧙శኂࠍⅣႺᢎ⢒⊛ߦᛒ߁ᢎ᧚‫ޟ‬ⅣႺߦఝߒ޿ᄛⓨ‫ߩޠ‬㐿⊒‫ੱޓ‬㑆ߩ⌒ߦߪ㍙⁁૕߅ࠃ߮᧓⁁૕ߣ޿߁  ⒳㘃ߩⷞߖࠆߎߣ߇ߢ߈ࠆߩߢߪߥ޿ߛࠈ߁߆‫ޕ‬⚦⢩߇௛޿ߡ޿ࠆߎߣࠍ⚫੺ߒ‫ޔ‬ᥧ޿ߣ߈ߦߪ⊕㤥‫ߩ߼ߣ߹ޓ‬Ბ㓏ߢ઄บᏒᄤᢥบ๟ㄝߩⴝἮߦߟ޿ߡࡕ࡯࠼ߢ᣿ࠆߐߦኻߒߡᗵᐲࠍ㜞߼‫ޔ‬᣿ࠆ޿ߣߎࠈߢ⚫੺ߒߚ߇‫ߡ߃߹߰ࠍࠇߘޔ‬శኂኻ╷ߣߒߡ૗߇ߢ߈ߪࠞ࡜࡯ࡕ࡯࠼ߢ᭽‫⼂ࠍߩ߽ߥޘ‬೎ߢ߈ࠆࠃ߁ߦߥߞࠆ߆ࠍఽ┬ߦ዆ߨߚߣߎࠈ‫╩ޔ‬⠪ࠄ߇ᦼᓙߒߚએ਄ߦߡ޿ࠆߎߣࠍ⺑᣿ߒߚ 㨫 ੱ㑆ߩ⌒߇ఝࠇߚᯏ⢻ࠍᜬߞ᭽‫߇ࠕ࠺ࠗࠕߥޘ‬಴ߡ߈ߚ‫ޟޕ‬りߩ߹ࠊࠅߢᔅⷐߥᤨߡ߅ࠅ‫ߩߘޔ‬⢻ജࠍᒁ߈಴ߔߎߣ߇ߢ߈ࠆࠃ߁ߥᾖ᣿ߛߌ᣿߆ࠅࠍߟߌࠆߎߣ߇ᄢಾ‫ޠ‬‫ޟޔ‬ᑈਅߩᾖ᣿‫ޔ‬㓏Ბ߇ᦸ߹ߒ޿‫ᧄޟ‬ᒰߩᄛ㑆ᾖ᣿ߩᆫ‫ࠍߣߎࠆ޽ߢޠ‬ᜰ៰ߩᾖ᣿ࠍᄛ㑆ߪߢ߈ࠆߛߌᶖߔࠃ߁ߦߔࠆ‫ޠ‬‫ޟޔ‬ㅢࠆߣߒߚ 㨫߈ߛߌὐἮߔࠆࠃ߁ߥ઀⚵ߺࠍჇ߿ߔ‫ߩ߽ߚߞ޿ߣޠ‬‫ⷞߩߘޓ‬ὐߢ߽߁৻ᐲࠗ࡜ࠬ࠻↹ࠍ⷗⋥ߔࠃ߁௛߈߆ߢ޽ࠆ‫ޕ‬ᣢߦ‫₵ޟ‬㑐ߦߘ߁޿ߞߚࠬࠗ࠶࠴߇ߟ޿ߡ޿ߌߚ‫ޕ‬ࠆ‫߽⸒⊒ߩ┬ఽ߁޿ߣޠ‬಴ߚ‫ޟߚ߹ޕ‬ᾖ᣿ౕེߦߒߞ‫ߩߘޓ‬ᓟߦ಴ߡ߈ߚߩ߇‫ޔ‬ᰴߩ㧠ߟߢ޽ࠆ‫ޕ‬߆ࠅߣߒߚ஺ࠍઃߌࠆߴ߈‫߁޿ߣߛޠ‬ᗧ⷗߽ߢߚ‫ޕ‬ᔅ࡮㆏〝ో૕ߩ᣿ࠆߐߩ㆑޿ⷐߥⴝἮߦߪ‫ߚߒߣࠅ߆ߞߒޔ‬஺ࠍઃߌߡ‫ޔ‬ᮮᣇะ߿࡮⥄േゞߩ⷗߃ᣇߩ㆑޿਄ᣇ߳ߩశࠍㆤᢿߔࠆߎߣߩᗧ⟵ࠍᱜ⏕ߦᜰ៰ߢ߈ߚ࡮ᾖࠄߐࠇߚᱠ㆏ߩ᣿ࠆߐߩ㆑޿ߩߢ޽ࠆ‫ޕ‬એ਄ߩᗧ⷗߆ࠄ߽శኂߦኻߒߡᱜߒ޿⹺⼂࡮ᢔᱠߒߡ޿ࠆੱ߇ㅪࠇߡ޿ࠆ›ߩ⷗߃ᣇߩ㆑޿ࠍᜬߚߖࠆߎߣ߇ߢ߈ߚߩߢߪߥ޿߆ߣ⠨߃ߡ޿ࠆ‫ޕ‬‫ޓ‬਄⸥ߩ㧠ὐߪ㊀ⷐߥᗧ๧ࠍᜬߞߡ޿ࠆ 㨫 ᣿ࠆߐ߇ᒝ‫ޓ‬㧞ߟ߼ߪ‫޿⦟ߤ߁ࠂߜޟ‬ടᷫ‫߇ޠ‬ⅣႺᢎ⢒ߢ㊀ⷐߢߌࠇ߫ᒝ޿߶ߤ⦟޿ߩߢߪߥߊ‫ੱޔ‬㑆ߩ⌒߇⢻ജࠍᦨ޽ࠆߎߣࠍ᳇ߠ߆ߖࠆߣ޿߁ὐߢ޽ࠆ‫ޕ‬ᄢ㒢⊒ើߢ߈ࠆࠃ߁ߥ᣿ࠆߐ߇᳞߼ࠄࠇࠆߣ޿߁ߎߣ‫ޓ‬ᄛߪ᣿ࠆߌࠇ߫᣿ࠆ޿߶ߤ቟ోߢ‫ޔ‬ᔟㆡߛߣᄢඨߦ᳇ߠ޿ߚߎߣࠍᗧ๧ߒߡ޿ࠆ߆ࠄߢ޽ࠆ‫߇ࠇߎޕ‬ᄢߩఽ┬ߪ⠨߃ߡ޿ߚࠃ߁ߢ޽ࠆ߇‫ޔ‬᝼ᬺᓟߩᗵᗐߢߪ߈ߥᚑᨐߢ޽ߞߚ 㨫ߜࠂ߁ߤ⦟޿᣿ࠆߐࠍ⠨߃ߥߌࠇ߫ߥࠄߥ޿ߣ╵߃ߡ޿ߚ‫ࠍ↹࠻ࠬ࡜ࠗޕ‬ᜰߒߥ߇ࠄ‫ޟ‬᣿ࠆߊߔߴ߈ᚲߣ‫ޔ‬㧞㧕ⅣႺᢎ⢒ߩⷞὐ߆ࠄߺߚᧄᢎ᧚ߩലᨐߘࠇ߶ߤ᣿ࠆߊߔࠆᔅⷐߩߥ޿ᚲࠍ඙೎ߒߚᣇ߇ࠃ‫ޓ‬㤥᧻ዊቇᩞߦ߅ߌࠆ᝼ᬺታ〣ࠍⴕߞߚ⚿ᨐߦၮߠ޿‫߁޿ߣޠ‬ᗧ⷗ࠍ಴ߔఽ┬߿‫ޟޔ‬ળ␠ߩ઀੐ߩᤨ㑆ࠍ߈‫ߩߎޔ‬ᢎ᧚ࠍ↪޿ߚലᨐߣߒߡᰴߩ㧞ߟࠍᜰ៰ߒߚᎿᄦߒߡᄛ௛߆ߥߊߡ߽⦟޿ࠃ߁ߦߔߴ߈‫ߚߞ޿ߣޠ‬޿‫ޕ‬ዊቇ↢ࠄߒ޿ᗧ⷗߽㘧߮಴ߒߚ‫ޕ‬‫ޓ‬㧝ߟߪ⹺⍮ᐲߩૐ޿‫ޟ‬శኂ‫↢┬ఽޔࠍޠ‬ᓤߩ⋡✢‫੹ޓ‬࿁ߩታ〣ߢߪ‫ߦ⊛⋡ߦ┬ఽޔ‬ᔕߓߚࠛࡀ࡞ࠡ࡯ߩߦ┙ߞߡ໪⫥᥉෸ߔࠆᓎഀࠍᨐߚߔߎߣ߇ߢ߈ߚߣ޿ᦨㆡߥ૶޿ᣇߩሽ࿷ࠍ᳇ߠ߆ߖࠆߎߣ߇ߢ߈ߚߩߢߪ߁ὐߢ޽ࠆ 㨫 ߽߁㧝ߟߪ‫⷗ߦ⊛⋡↪૶ޟ‬วߞߚࠛࡀ࡞ߥ޿߆ߣ⠨߃ߡ޿ࠆ‫ߪࠇߎޕ‬ⅣႺᢎ⢒ࠍㅴ߼ࠆ਄ߢᦨࠡ࡯ߩല₸ࠃ޿૶޿ᣇ‫ߦޠ‬᳇ߠ߆ߖࠆᢎ᧚ߣߒߡ೑↪

߽ᄢಾߥ⠨߃ᣇߩ㧝ߟߢ޽ࠆ‫⋭߿࡯ࠡ࡞ࡀࠛ⋭ߦ․ޕ‬ߢ߈ߚߣ޿߁ὐߢ޽ࠆ 㨫⾗Ḯߥߤࠍ⠨߃ߡ޿ߊ႐วߦ߽‫ޔ‬ၮᧄߦߥࠆ⠨߃ᣇߢ‫ޓ‬㧝ߟ߼ߣߒߡ‫⹺߇┬ఽߕ߹ޔ‬⍮ߒߡ޿ߥ޿‫ޟ‬శኂ‫ޠ‬޽ࠆ‫ޕ‬ࠍౕ૕⊛ߦࠗࡔ࡯ࠫߢ߈ࠆࠃ߁ߦߒߚߣ޿߁ὐ߇ᄢ߈ߥᚑᨐߢ޽ߞߚ‫ޕ‬᝼ᬺࠍⴕ߁೨ߪ‫⺕ޔ‬㧝ੱߣߒߡ⻢‫ޓ‬ㄉశኂߣ޿߁⸒⪲ߦߟ޿ߡ⍮ࠄߥ߆ߞߚ‫ߒ߆ߒޕ‬᝼ᬺᓟ‫ߩ↹࠻ࠬ࡜ࠗޓ‬ᢎ⢒೑↪ߩ⸵นߦ㑐ߒߡⅣႺ⋭ᄢ᳇଻ߦߪశኂߩࠗࡔ࡯ࠫࠍ୘‫ߩࠇߙࠇߘޔ߇┬ఽߩޘ‬ฃߌోዪ↢ᵴⅣႺ⺖ડ↹ଥߩ⻉᳁ߦ߅਎⹤ߦߥߞߚ‫ޕ‬᝼ᬺขࠅᣇߢߪ޽ࠆ߇‫ޔ‬ℂ⸃ߐߖࠆߎߣ߇ߢ߈ߚ‫ߦߛᧂޕ‬ታ〣ߢߪ઄บᏒ┙㤥᧻ዊቇᩞߩਃႦୃవ↢‫ޔ‬Ꮏ⮮⦟ᐘశኂߦኻߔࠆචಽߥℂ⸃߇ㅴࠎߢ޿ߥ޿⃻⁁ࠍ⠨ᘦߔవ↢ߦߏදജ޿ߚߛ޿ߚ‫ߡߒ⸥ޕ‬ᓮ␞↳ߒ਄ߍࠆ‫ޕ‬ࠇ߫‫ߩ⇟৻߇ߣߎߩߎޔ‬෼ⓠߢ޽ࠆߣ⠨߃ࠆ‫ޕ‬ታ㛎ⵝ⟎߿ౕེࠍᔅⷐߣߒߥ޿ࡢ࡯ࠢࠪ࡯࠻ဳᢎ᧚ߢ޽ࠆ߆ᒁ↪ᢥ₂ࠄ‫ޔ‬᥉෸ߐߖࠆߎߣߢశኂߦߟ޿ߡ⥝๧㑐ᔃࠍ㜞߼ߐᮘญᔘᒾ㧘㧚࡜ࡦ࠼ࠬࠤ࡯ࡊߩⷞⷡ⊛᭴ㅧ㧚᥊ⷰ㧙 㧙ችၔᢎ⢒ᄢቇⅣႺᢎ⢒⎇ⓥ♿ⷐ‫╙ޓ‬㧤Ꮞ ߩ᭴ㅧ㧚R㧚ᛛႎၴ಴㧚᧲੩㧚ߩࠬࠤ࡯࡞ࠕ࠶ࡊ߇ᜬߟⅣႺᢎ⢒⊛ߥᗧ⟵㧚ⅣႺᢎ⏷ㇱ℃ਃ㧘㧚ᄤᢥߣᾖ᣿㧚ᾖ᣿ቇળ⹹㧚╙  Ꮞ㧚 ภ㧚R㧚⢒⎇ⓥ♿ⷐ㧚╙㧣Ꮞ㧚R 㧚ችၔᢎ⢒ᄢቇⅣႺᢎ⢒ታ〣⎇ⓥ࠮ࡦ࠲࡯㧚દ⮮⧐ᤐ࡮㜞↰ᶻሶ㧘㧚ᄛⓨࡔ࡯࠲࡯ߣᤊⓨⅣႺ㧚㐳ፉᐽ㓶࡮૒‫ᧁޘ‬૫ᕺ࡮㜞↰ᶻሶ࡮᧻ਅ⌀ੱ࡮ජፉᜏᦶ࡮ⅣႺᢎ⢒⎇ⓥ♿ⷐ㧚╙㧣Ꮞ㧚R 㧚ችၔᢎ⢒ᄢ㥲⮮ᱜ᥍࡮ਃᶆ㜞᣿㧘㧚ਛቇ↢߇ታᣉߒߚశኂቇⅣႺᢎ⢒ታ〣⎇ⓥ࠮ࡦ࠲࡯㧚⺞ᩏᵴേߦࠃࠆⅣႺ⹏ଔᵴേߣߘߩᢎ⢒⊛ᗧ⟵㧚ⅣⅣႺᐡ㧘㧚శኂኻ╷ࠟࠗ࠼࡜ࠗࡦ㧚RR㧚ⅣႺᐡ㧚Ⴚᢎ⢒⎇ⓥ♿ⷐ㧚╙㧢Ꮞ㧚R 㧚ችၔᢎ⢒ᄢቇⅣႺᐡᄢ᳇଻ోዪᄢ᳇↢ᵴⅣႺቶ✬㧘㧚࿾ၞᾖ᣿ⅣႺᢎ⢒ታ〣⎇ⓥ࠮ࡦ࠲࡯㧚ⅣႺ⸘↹╷ቯࡑ࠾ࡘࠕ࡞㧚
RR㧚
ⅣႺᐡᄢ᳇଻ోዪ㧚Ꮉ਄ᐘੑ㧘㧚ⴝ〝ᾖ᣿ౕེߩశቇ․ᕈߩಽᨆ㧚ᾖ᣿ቇળ⹹㧚╙  Ꮞ㧚 ภ㧚R㧚઄บᏒᢎ⢒ᆔຬળ㧘㧚઄บߩᤊⓨ㧚઄บߩ⥄ὼ㧚㧚઄บ㧚ᷰㇱ⟵ᒎ㧘㧚ኅߢ߽ߢ߈ࠆᤊⓨ⺞ᩏ㧚⺕ߦߢ߽ߢ◩ේༀ๺㧘㧚ᬀ‛ߩᾖ᣿ᓇ㗀㧚ᾖ᣿ቇળ⹹㧚╙  Ꮞ㧚 ภ㧚R㧚߈ࠆⅣႺ⺞ᩏࡑ࠾ࡘࠕ࡞㧚R㧚᧲੩ᦠ☋㧚ጊ↰Ᏹ㓶࡮೨Ꮉᢥᄦ࡮ᳯ਄ਇੑᄦ࡮౎᧖┥৻࡮ዊ㑐ᴦ㐳ፉᐽ㓶࡮ජፉᜏᦶ࡮૒‫ᧁޘ‬૫ᕺ࡮㜞↰ᶻሶ㧘㧚ቇ඙ၞ߆ࠄ઄บᏒోၞߦ᜛ᒛߒߚశኂ⺞ᩏᵴേߣߘ㧙 㧙↵࡮ฎ⼱㓷᮸࡮ᣣ㜞ᢅ㓉╙㧟✬ 㧘㧚↢‛ቇㄉౖ㧚RRጤᵄᦠᐫ㧚