a .ft~-k-±~~~~~·!l.:fTransactions and Proceedingsof thePalaeontological Society of Japan
New SeriesNo. 15

Palaeontological Society of Japan
October 15, l!J.'i4

CONTENTS
TRANSACTIONS
250.

On the Miocene Pectinidae from the Environs of Sendai Part 6; A
New Pcctninid from the Moniwa Formation ............... Koichiro MAsUDA 159

251.

Oi11omilwdoi11a ogic11sis n. gen. n. sp., from the Pliocene of Niigata,Japan ................................................................ Takashi MATSUNAGA 163

252. Fossil Species of Genus Mercenaria from the Cenozoic Deposits of

Hokkaiclo .................................... Ichiro HAYASAKA and Satoru UozuMl 165
253.

Patinopeclctz kobiyamai, a new Miocene scallop from the Joban Coalfield, Japan ........................................................... Yasuhiko KAMAnA 173

254.

A Gigantic Fusulinid Species from the Kitakami Massif, NortheasternJapan ........................................................................ Ryuzo ToRIYAMA 179

PUBLICATIONS RECEIVED (6) .................................................................. 161(7) .................................................................. 172(8) .................................................................. 178

President:

Hisakatsu Y ABECouncillors:

Kiyoshi AsANO, Riuji ENno

ENoo, Haruyoshi FuJIMoTo,(Business and Accountant), Seido

Shoshiro

Nobuo IKEBE, Teiichi KoBAYASHIHANZAWA, lchiro

HAYASAKA,(Editor), Jiro MAKIYAMA, Tatsuro

MATsuMoTo, Tsuneteru OJ NOM Il<Aoo (Publication), Tokio SHIKAMA,
Koiti SuzuKI, Fuyuji T AI\Al (General Affairs), Hisakatsu YABE.

All Communications relating to this Journal should be addressed to the
PALAEONTOLOGICAL SOCIETY OF JAPAN
Geological Institute, Faculty of Science, University of Tokyo, Japan

Trans. Proc. Palaeont. Soc. Japan, N.S .. No. 15, pp. 159-162, Pl. 21, Oct. 15, 1954

250. ON THE MIOCENE PECTINIDAE FROM THE ENVIRONSOF SEND AI. PART 6; A NEW PECTINID FROM THE
MONIW A FORMATION*
KOICHIRO MASUDA
Department of Geology, College of Education, Tohoku University, Sendai, Japan

1tiJ n mj!f 111 ~ *ft ffft Pectinidae, ~ c7.l 6. (~11!/ii!UH.:ftl'l. c7.l-~#li): ·.l:l:!f&fl:6· b f>:!:<M.fH... t~
Pati11opecten c7.l\7.fi i: feiU... t= 0 l&%!1tcl!ctm c7.ltl:!*i:*~·tcl!HH: L -c <V.. tc:ll!~~:k$.lll!~flf:1l!!Jl"ti!kf1J!f-b~~tfl Iltiti==:::/tc7.l :¥; i: c -::>-c PatinoPecte11 nakajimai MASUDA c ~f. L 'k".1\'t ffl :¥- - llF>

During his geological studies in thesouthern border of Sendai City, Mr.
Kow NAKAJIMA, student of the Instituteof Geology and Paleontology, Tohoku
University, collected an interesting scallop from the granule conglomerate of
the Moniwa formation. This fossil was
turned over to the writer for examina·
tion, and as a result of study, it was
found to represent a new species, forwhich further material became necessary. Accordingly, the writer and Mr.
NAKAJIMA revisited the locality andcollected additional material. For thisinteresting scallop which was collectedfrom the granule conglomerate of the
Moniwa formation at [(ita-Akaishi, Uidemura, Natori-gun, Miyagi Prefecture, a
new name is proposed in this article.
Acknowledgements are due to Dr.
Kotora HATAI of the Department of
Geology, College of Education, Tohoku
University, for supervising the present
work.
Thanks are also due to Mr.
Kow NAKAJiMA for his kind offer ofthe specimens which he collected.

Family Pectinidae
Subfamily Pectininae
Genus Patinopecten DALL, 1898

Patinopecten nakajimai MAsuoA, n. sp.
Plate 21, figures la-b, 2a-b, 3a-b, 4 & 5.

Shell large, rather thick, orbicular,
equilateral except for auricles, a little
higher than long; the right valve being
more convex than the left; both valvesradiately ribbed and forming an angleof about 100° at apex.
Right valve with about 40, low, roundtopped, close-set radial threads and fineconcentric growth lines; the radials arewider than their interspaces in breadth
at upper half of disc and nearly equal
at the lower half, anrl usually tend to
separate into two or three riblets at theupper half of the disc. The rib-bifurcation in the anterior and posterior areas
are more conspicuous than in the central
area of the valve.
Left valve with about 40, distinct
radial threads and fine concentric growth* Read Oct. 10, 1953; received Oct. 14. 1953.
159

160

K6ichiro MASUDA

lines, and very rarely with faint intercalary threads between the radials ; theinterspaces are much wider than theradials and ornamented with fine network. Auricles of right valve subequalin size, though the anterior is a little
larger than the posterior; anterior
furnished with a wide and shallow
byssal notch; ornamented with concentric lines and radial threads. Anteriorauricle in left valve a little larger thanposterior and sculptured with imbricatedradials and concentric lines, the sculpture
being similar to that of the posterior.
Hinge of right valve with distinct cardinal crura, and wide and shallow resilial pit provided with lateral ridges
and with no ctenolium. Left valve withhinge provided with sockets which correspond to lateral ridges of resilial pitof right valve and with cardinal crura.
Internal surface of both valves smooth.
Dimensions (in mm) :Valvel~ight* Right Right Left Left Lt'ft

Height

110

120

75

115 105 75

Length

lOS

115

70

112 llO 67

Hinge·
length-Depth(convexity)-Apical
angle

48

48

50 32
----

16

17

10

10

10

100"

100° 100° 100° 100° 95°

7*Holotype specimen.

Type lccalily and Jzorizl'tz :-River cliffof Natori-gawa near the Akin Car-line
Station at Kita-Akaishi, Oide-mura,
N atori-12un, Miyagi Prefecture. Lat. 38°
13' N .. Long. 140° 451 E. Moniwa formation. Early Miocene.
Depository:- Reg. No. 1063 ; Departmentof Geology, College of Education,
Tohoku University.
Remarlls :-This species is characterized
by its rather thick, large, compressedshell which is provided with about 40
low, close-set, bi- or trifurcating radial
threads in the right valve and by theleft valve in having radial threads
much narrower than the interspaces,
and by its being less convex than theright.

Patinopecte11 yamasaldi (YoKOYAl\1.-\)
resembles the present species in having
bi· or trifurcate radial threads, but isdistinguished therefrom by the lessnumber of radial threads. which are
low and faint.
Placopecten altihoensis ( M A TSUJI toTo)
also resembles the present species inhaving an orbicular shell and very
similar cardinal crura, faint radial
threads, wide and shallow by~sal notchin the right valve and by posses~ing
about 40 undichotomized radial threads
on the left valve. However, MATSUMoTo's
species can be distinguished from thepresent one by the less convexitY of thevalves, much fainter raclial threads,
radials narrower than the interspaces,lacking radial threads on the young
species of the right valve, by the occasional intercalaries on the left valve, by
the radials being about equal to orslightly narrower than their interspaces
anil by the regularity of the radials.
This species is rather rare in the
Moniwa formation and is known only
from the type locality and Ainosawa,a small valley extending northwards
about 500 m northeast of the KitaAkaishi Car-line station in Oide-mura,
Natori-gun, Miyagi Prefecture.

References
MASUDA.

K. (1952).
On Some 1\Jiocene
Pectinidae from the Environs of Sendai.

Trans. Proc. Palaeo11l. Soc. ]apall. N.S ..
Xo. 8. pp. 250-251. pl. 2-t fiRS. la-b. 2, 3.
H. (1930),
On the Marine

MATSUMOTO,On the Miocene Pectinidae from the Environs of Sendai.
Faunae of Three Fossil Zones of theUpper Miocene of Natori District, Province of Rikuzen. Sci. Rep. Tohoku Imp.
Univ., Ser. 2. 1•ol. 13, no. 3. p. 106, pl.
40, figs. 7, 8.

Part 6.

161

YoKOYAMA, M. (1925),
Tertiary Mollusca
from Shinano and Echigo. ]our. Fac. Sci.
Imp. Univ .. Tok.vo. Sec. 2, vol. 1, pt. 1.
p. 17-18. pl. 5, figs. 1, 2. 4. 5: pl. 6, figs.
1, 2: pl. 7. figs. 1. 5.

--------- ------------PUBLICATIONS RECEIVED (6)Number1000. :li:.11Sil[:;k~J,IP.~ff~:fi!-~ Ser. IV, Vol. VIII,
No. 3, 1952.
1001. Ji:i~lilf;ft~ No. 27. 1952.
1002. Jf!:jtlilf~ Vol. 3. No. 3, 1953.
1003. 1ti!t;i!iJf~la No. 28, 1952.
1004.
Ibid.,
No. 29, 1953.
1005. Kal!iokoski, ]. : Interpretations of theStructural Geology of the Sherridon·
Flin Flon Region, Manitoba Geol. Surv.
Canada Bull. 25, 1953.
1006. Jour. Earth Sciences, Nagoya University,
Vol. I. No. 1. 1953.
1007 . .Jii:ltliH'l Vol. 3, No. 3, 1953.
1008.
Ibid.. Vol. 3. No. 4, 1953.
1009. Jt.;kB~-4: $lilf~~-r,-j1J!'i!t$Z$ Vol. 4.
No. 1.
VoL 4.
1010.
No.2.
1011. .lf!:ff:.Jaf~ Vol. 3. No. 5, 1953.
1012. Howell. B.F.: New Carboniferous Serpulid
Wormfrom l\Iissouri Bull.
Wagner Free Institute of Science, Vol.
27, No.4.
1013. : A New Terebellid Worm fromthe Carboniferous of Texas Ibid., Vol.
28. No. 1.
1014. - - : The Trilobita. Bumastus BIL·
Lli\GS, in the Ordovician Kimmswick
Formation of Missouri - - : A New
Ordovician Ostracode from Arkansas
Ibid., Vol. 28, No. 2.
1015. Senckenbergiana Bd. 33, Nr. 4-6 (Nov.,
1952).
1016. :fftL.!U~ 1 ~ (Sept .. 1953).

1017. i'iJiJ;o;k~~U'ililf~'ff!'li- Vol. I, No. 29(Dec., 1952).
1018. Senckenbergiana Bd. 34. Nr. 1-3 (Jul..
1953).
1019. :f.ik~fl!'f:JIJiitt!rlilf~la 1Jf No. 3 (Mar.,
1953).
1020. 1t~.filf1t* No. 30 (Jun., 1953).
1021.
Ibid.,
No. 31 (Sept., 1953).
1022. Contribut. Museum
Paleont. Univ.
i\lichigan, Vol. X, No. 1 (Oct., 1952).
1023. Ibid .. Vol. X, No. 2 (Oct., 1952).
1024. Ibid., Vol. X, No. 3 (Oct.. 1952).
1025. Ibid .. Vol. X. No. 4 (Dec .. 1952).
1026. Ibid .. Vol. X. No. 5 (Feb., 1953).
1027. .!l~~f:.li.lf5\:: Vol. 3. No. fi (1953).
1028. a*~~.Jt:l:6rHJ/e!E{;l;[glill'1!\i' 0952).
1029. Loeblich, A. R. & Tappan, H. (Studies
of Arctic Foraminifera Smith. Misc.
Coil. Vol. 121, No. 7 (1953).
1030. Catalogue of Bull. British Museum(Natural History) Geology Vol. 1 (194952).
1031. Azzaroli, A.: The Dear of the Weybourn Crag and Forest bed of Norfolk
Bull. Brit. Mus. (nat. Hist.) Geol., Vol.
2, No. 1.
1032. :!IPJ!!JJ~ftl No. 1 (1951).
1033.
No. 2 (1952).
1034.
No. 3 (1953).
1035. Annual report of the Royal Ontario
Museum of Zoology and Paleontology
prepared for the Museum Board of
Directors ( 1952-53).

162

Koichiro MASUllA

1036. Judson, S. : Geology of the San Jon
Site, Eastern New Mexico Smith. Misc.
Coli., Vol. 121, No. 1.
1037. Bowsher, A. L.:
A New Devonian
Crinoid from Western Maryland Ibid.,
Vol. 121, No. 9 (1953).
1038. Researches Nasionale Museum Bd. 1,
Vol. 1 (1953-0ct.) (South Africa).
1039. Heck. W. A., K. A. Yenne, and L.G.
Henhert: Boundary of the Pennsylvanianand Permian (?) in the Subsurface
Scurry Reef, Scurry County. Texas.
Rept. Invest. Bureau of Econ. Geol.
Univ. Texas No. 13.
1040. Moon, C.G.: Geology of Agua Fria
Quadrangle, Brewster County, Texas.
Ibid. No. 15 (Bull. Geol. Soc. Amer.,Vol. 64, No. 2) (Feb., 1953).
1041. Williams. H.: Volcanic History of theMesata Central Occidental Costa Rica
Univ. Calif. Pub!. Geol. Sci., Vol. 29,

No. 4.
1042. Higgins, C.G.: Lower Course of theRussian River, California Ibid., Vol. 29,
No.5.
104.3. Rocznik Polskiego Towarzystwa Geolo·
gicznego, Tom. XXII, Fas. 1 (1952).
1045. Jour. Earth Sciences. Nagoya Univ.,Vol. I, No. 2 (1953).
10,l6. Calder. M.G.: A Coniferous Petrified
Forest in Patagonia Bull. Brit. 1\Ius.
(Nat. Hist.) Geol., Vol. 2. No. 2.
1047. Weiner. J. S., K. P. Oakley & W. E.
Le Gros Clark: The Solution of the
Piltdown Problm Ibid., Vol. 2, No. 3.
;\:i:Jiu:;l;:~~.r:~~M?.t¥a1r Vol. 2, No. 15.
Vol. 2. No. 16.
1050. Hopkins. D. M. & Giddings, J. L. jr.:
Geological Background of the lyatayet
Archeological Site, Cape Denbigh, Alaska
Smith. Misc. Coli., Vol. 121, No. 11.

Explanation of Plate 21
Figs. la-b, Palinopectell 110kajimai MASUDA. n. sp. Holotype, Reg. No. 1063. a. Right valve, x 1/2,
b. Hinge area of la, x 1, Loc. River cliff of Natori-gawa near the Akiu Car· line Station
at Kita·Akaishi. Oide·mura, Natori-gun, Miyagi Prefecture.
Figs. 2a-b, Palinopectell nakajimai MASUDA, n. sp. Paratype, a. Left valve, x 1/2, b. Internalview of 2a, x 1/2. Loc. Same as above.
Figs. 3a-b, Patinopectm 11akajimai l\1ASUDA, n. sp. Para type. a. Left valve, x 1/2, b. Hinge areaof 3::t. x 1. Loc. Ainosawa. a small valley extending northwards about 500 m. northeast of
Kita·Akaishi Car-line Station in Oide-mura. Natori-gun, Miyagi Prefecture.
Fig. 4. Patinopec/m nakajimai MASUDA. n. sp. Para type. Right valve, x 1/2. Loc. River cliff ofNatorHtawa near the Akiu Car·line Station at Kita·Akaishi. Oide-mura, Natori·gun, Miyagi
Prefecture.
Fig. 5, Palinopeclell nakajimai i\IASUDA, n. sp. Paratype, Right valve, x 1. Loc. Same as above.

K. MAsUDA: Miocene Pectinidae

K. KuMAGAI photo.

PLATE

21

Trans. Proc. Palaeont. Soc. Japan, N.S., No. 15, pp 163-164, 3 Text-figs., Oct. 15, 1954

251. OINOMIKADOINA OGIENSIS, N. GEN., N. SP., FROM
THE PLIOCENE OF NIIGATA, JAPAN*
TAKASHIMATSUNAGA
Teikoku (Imperial) Oil Company, Tokyo, Japan

l'JTi~)t~if.WrfftC1);f}f,IIJ.j. 'JiM! Oinomikadoitra ogietlsis: ;f}ij$.)~~1::<r]iJliltl[lli~f:trJ,*C1)j:$1:K/l\IFi»· &.itl
lfll. "k Oinomikadoina ogietJsis n. gen., n. sp. a: ;t~f( L 1:: 0 lit <O~Jji l;t Anomalinidae <1:> Cibicidinaer.:/liiL, ~lf.H;t Cibicides 1~.(11<:1.':;.»>, supplementary aperture ~:ff"t"o.r.~.-c::. ~~.!:l&})l]~h.o 0

.,.
--~

Genotype ;-Oinomikadoina

Introduction-In the summer of 1950,
when the writer was conducting investigations for petroleum exploration at
the Betsuyarna oil fieldl> of Teikoku OilCo., he collected many fossil foraminiferafrom the Tertiary formations. The results of biostratigraphic research onthese faunal assemblages were reported2>
to the Exploration Department of thecompany in February, 1951. In September 1953, a detailed study of the foraminifera from this area resulted in thefinding of the new form described
below.
Acknowledgements-In the present
study, I am much indebted to Mr. Leo.
W. STAcH and Dr. T. OINOMIKADO of
Nippon Oil Mining Co., Tokyo, andProf. K. AsANo of Tohoku University
for their advice and revision, for which
I herewith express my gratitude.

ogie11sisn. sp., Funabashi sand,Haizume Formation, Upper Pliocene,Ogi, Nishigoshi-mura, Kariwa-gun, Niigata Prefecture, japan.
Description;-Test plano-convex, trochoid ; wall calcareous, perforate; aperture at inner margin of the base of thechamber as in Cibicides, but also an
additional supplementary aperture, inthe form of a small arch with a distinct
lip, is developed on the periphery at
the proximal end of the later·chambers.
Remarks ;-This new genus closely
resembles Cibicides, but differs in thepresence of the supplementary apertureson the outer periphery of the laterchambers.
Ocwrrence ;-Upper Pliocene to Lower
Pleistocene, Japan.

MATSUNAGA,

Oinomilwdoi1la ogiensis MATSUNAGA,

Family Anomalinidae

n. sp.

Subfamily Cibicidinae
Text-figs. 1-3.

Genus Oinomikadoina, n. gen.

Description ;-Test trochoid, flat orslightly concave on dorsal side, convex
on ventral side, periphery of earlier
chambers angled, but becoming roundedin later chambers; about 7 chambers in* Read Feb. 13. 195·!; received Feb. 16,
1)
2)

1954.
Kariwa-gun. Niigata Prefecture, Japan.
Not yet published.

163

Takashi MATSUNACA

164

last whorl; sutures strongly limbate inearly stage, depressed in later stage;wall coarsely perforate; aperture reniform, at base of apertural face, with a(TOC. l'al. Cat. No. 601449) from the
Rotalia papillosa Zonule of the Funabashi
sand, Haizume Formation, Upper Pliocene, Ogi, Nishigoshi-mura, Kariwa-gun,Text-figs. 1-3

Oinomikadoina ogiensis, n. gen .. n. sp. x 50
view; 2. Peripheral view: 3. Dorsal view.

1, Ventral

distinct lip; supplementary aperture asmall arch with a distinct lip, un the
periphery at the proximal end of thelast few chambers.
Dimensiotts ;-Maximum diameter ofholotype 0.62 mm., maximum thickness
0.24 mm. Other specimens range indiameter from 0.50 mm. to 1.07 mm.
Type Material ;-Holotype (TOC. Pal.
Cat. No. 601450) and unfigured paratype

Niigata Prefecture, Japan. Deposited in
the Paleontological Laboratory, Teikoku(Imperial) Oil Co., Tokyo, Japan.
Occurrence ;-This form has also beenfound from the Lower Pleistocene formation exposed along the sea cliff, about
750 m. east of Mabori, 6tsu-machi,
Yokosuka-shi, Kanagawa Prefecture,
Japan.

Trans. Proc. Palaeont. Soc. Japan. N.S., No. 15. pp. 165-172. Pl. 22, 1 Text-fig., O::t. 15, 1954

252. FOSSIL SPECIES OF GENUS MERCENARIA FROMTHE CENOZOIC DEPOSITS OF HOKKAIDO.*ICHIRO HA YASAKA and SATORU UOZUJVII
Department of Geology and l\Iineralogy, Faculty of Science, Hokkaido University
11 ¥il· b~lfr;; .fl. fc.*~ UJ 5 t!!UJf!::{il;t. T"' -c:.n::ikf~~~.:::.fl.; U.>fm ~ .jl}~lit L. -(·J.ftJ:11ct£UJtJ: :b<)tc lvf. sigammiensis ~ .jl}~Bli& L teo
tJ:jafjr,ijUJI)\Jf,f.:t<l .J: V'~W1-: -::>~· ·-c ~¥,'? l~t.f<N! M. y-iizukai. M. chitanimzo, M. stimPsoni
lt~f't.!: .!: >b K, "C UJ'.i'li\'H: i~T o ~Iirfu7J: .t? o c. .!: tJ:;mh':> b.tJ.. t.:o~td~mlK~ci:h.o~\,~::t, .ll:UJftli>~: !::trr. ~~\iH-=·~6v·<:WL~·c. .!:7l:tJ;U ci.fl.oo.!f.~-M·i'•.fl: flf:ji:.~/ifi§imil-'t!~lllf:::JiHU:;

lvfercenaria Jl4u.>{l::[i:-n- o 0tc*li*·

sented by specimens under such unfavorable conditions that their minutecharacters have not been fully recognized : the taxonomic relations among
them have not been well understood,
consequently.
During the study on the Tertiary molluscs collected at various localities in
Hokkaido by the members and studentsof our department and some othergeologists, we could recognize that all
the species, listed above, occur in Hokkaido. The geological ranges of these
are tabulated below.

The species of the genus Mercenaria
hitherto known from the Cenozoic deposits in and around Japan, are veryrare : they are the following five.

111ercenm·ia stimpsoni (Gour.n)M.
cllitauiaua (YoKOYAl\IA)111.
yokoyamai (MAKIYAMA)M.
sigm·amiensis (.MAKlYAI\tA)
M.
y-iizukai (KA~EHARA)
Of these, Mercenaria yokoyamai has
to be regarded as synonymous with Jvf.

chitaniana as will be discussed elsewhere, so that, in reality, there are
only four species.
Among these species, some were repre--Kw
lvf. stimpsoni,\1_ chitaninaa

1vf. y-iirukai
1lf. sigaramiensis------·-- -·---

I
I
!

--

Ow

-

Tk

Si

Recent-Kw, Kawabata Series (Miocene): Ow, Oiwake Series (Upper Mioceneor Pliocene); Tk. Takikawa Series (Pliocene): Si, Sishinai Series(Pleistocene).

* Read Feb. 13, 1954; received Apr. 16, 1954.
165

166

khiro IIAYASi\.KA and Satoru UoZUMJ

Based on the result of paleontologicalobservations on these four forms, we
try to discuss the relationship thought
to exist among the three species, M. yiz'zukai, .it-f. chitaniana and 1\f. stimpsoni,
and to trace the trend of the variationin the form of shells of species belonging
to the Genus Mercenaria.
The above mentioned three species
are very close to one another in general
aspects, but in regard to the proportionof HeightjLength of shell, variation israther conspicuous according to geological horizons : the older the geologicalage, the larger the value of Height/
Length, and also the younger the bed,
the longer the shell.
M. chitaniana(Miocene-Pliocene) is intermadiate inform as illustrated in the text-figure.
These relations seem to involve interesting phases of evolution or mutation.
First of all, it appears that the heightof shell has decreased in the course ofgeological time.
Secondly, the general trend of variation in the convexity of shells is noteworthy : in some specimens (Pl. 22, figs.
5 and 6, and KANEHARA's Pl. 25, figs_
1-4, 1927) the shell outline and the
beak-distance do not vary, but arestrongly convex and hunchback-like,with growth lines densely crowd near
the ventral margin. Such a form showsthat the growth was slow in height tothe effect that the convexity rapidly
increased. This is an abnormal form.
Such an abnormal form can be recognized in the speimens of the Genus
lt-fercenaria without regard to species.
Possibly this is a general trend ofvariation due to the adaptation toenvironment, the convexity being thepredominating feature of the adaptive
modification.
Concernii}g these facts exhibited bythese four forms, we feel it necessary

to extend our studies both in the field
and in the laboratory before we could
draw any definite conclusion. However,
it is suggested that the variation ordevelopment of the Genus Mercenaria
took place along with the progress ofthe geological time, as is shown by thechange of the ratio Height/Length ofshell, and the variation of convexity
which is regarded to be due to thechange of environmental conditions.
Before going into the description of
species, we wish to express our indebtedness to Mr. S. lGJ, geologist of theGeological Survey of Japan, and to Mr.
S. YosHIDA, Hokkaido Gakugei University, for kindly submitting their specimens for study.

Systematic Descriptions
Family Veneridae
Genus Mercenaria ScHUMAcHER, 1817

Mercenaria cltitaniana (YoKOYAI\tA)
Plate 22, figs. 2a-·b, 5a-b.
1923. Venus stimpsoni YOKOYAMA: Japan.
four. Ceo/. Geogr. vo/. 2, p. 6, pl. 1. fig.
5.
1926. Chione chitaniana YoKoYAMA: four. Fac.
Sci., Imp. Univ. Tokyo, sec. 2, vol. 1. pt.
9, pp. 352-353, pl. 39. fig. 13.
1927. Venus yokoyamai MAK!YAMA: 111em.
Col/. Sci., Kyoto Imp. UniiJ. scr. B, t•ol. 3,
pp. 46-47. pl. 2, fig. 8.
1927.? Chione chitaniana YoKOYAMA: ]our.
Fac. Sci. Imp. U11iv. Tokyo, sec. 2, vo/. 2,
pl. 4, p. 201, pl. 51, figs. 3-4.
1931. lt1ercenaria yokoyamai
KURODA: In
Ho:VIMA's Shilwno-Chyubu Clzisitsusi p.
58, pl. 6, fig. 39. (In Japanese).
1936. 1lfercenaria yokoyamai OTUKA: ]our. Ceo/.
Soc. fa pan, vol. 43, p. 724, pl. 13, figs.
la-b.
1936. Venus (Chione) yokoyamai NoMURA andFossil Species of Genus Mercenaria from the Cenozoic Deposits of Hokkaido
HATAI: Saito Ho·OII Kai Mus. Res. Bull.,no. 10, p. 126, pl. 14. figs. 3-4.
1937. Venus (C.) yokoyamai NOMURA andHAT AI: Saito Ho.on Kai i'rfus. Res. Bull.,no. 13, p. 134.
1938. Ve11us (M.) yokoyamai OJNOMIKADO:] our. Geol. Soc. ] apan., val. 45. p. 672.
1939. Venus (C.) yokoyamai No:\IURA andHAT AI: JaPan. ]our. Ceo!. Geogr., vol.
16. no. 1-2. p. 5 and 55.
1940. Mercenr11·ia chitaniaua OTUKA: }apmt.
]our. Ceo(. Geogr. vnl. 17. ttos. 1-2. pp.
95-96, pl. 11. figs 9-12.
19-10. Mercenaria chifa11iatw NoMURA: Sci. Rep.
Tohoku Imp. Univ., vo/. 21. no. 1. pp.
260-261, pl. 33, fig 17.

YOKOYAMA at firs\· thought that the
specimens found in Fujina beds (1923)
were the same as the !{ecent species M.
stimpsoni: afterwards, however, he gave
the name J\f. chitania11a to a form from
Horinouchi beds (1926). His originaldescription is as follows :" The shell is rather large, thick andmoderately convex. It is ovately trigonal in outline, somewhat longer thanhigh and very inequilateral, the anteriorside being only about of one-half theposterior. The surface of all the specimens is much worn, but this much is certain, that it is radiately costulated, withcostulae numerous. close, flattish, broader than interspaces and occasionallycrossed by coarse lines of growth. The
beaks are moderately swollen with theend pointed and curved in. A distinct
lunula is present, cordate in outline andbounded by a sharp ridge on each side.
Dentition unknown, so that the genericdenomination remains to be confirmed."
This species is very closely allied, inthe outline and the sculpture, to the
Recent species, JVI. stimpsoni (Gouw ),but it has a higher shell with a larger
umbonal area, and a broader, cordiform
lunule, than the latter.

167

established by J.
(1927), taking as type a
specimen from the Dainichi beds, hasbeen long accepted since, but as a resultof our studies we believe it very possible that the two species, M. clzitaniana
and yokoyamai, are identical, the different
appearance of the surface of the shell
being due to the weathering of theformer. Consequently, the specimens,
hitherto called !vf. yokoyamai in various
geological and paleontological publications, must be regarded as synonymouswith 1l1. chitanimza. Besides, the sp~ci­
mens YoKoYAMA referred to as M.
stimpsoni from the Fujina beds, also
are JV[. chitaniana.
The specimens from Hokkaido arestrongly variable in form: especially, therange of variation in convexity andtest-thickness L> so great that sometimes
it appears as if they were some otherforms.
The specimens, figured here, Pl. 22, figs.
2a-b, represent very common forms, andthe one, figured Pl. 22, figs. 5:t-b is an
extraordinary specimen which is strongly
convex, and has a very thick test.
!vf.

yokoyamai,

MAKIYAMA

Dimensions :-(in mm)
length
50.0

€0.7
67.6
75.·1
57.0
5:H

Height Thickness
21.8
44.5
54.0
59.0
21.2
53.0
64.7
51.0
30.2
46.7
33.6

Left valve
Both valves
Right valve
Both valves
Both VJ!ves
Both valves

Occurrence :-The Sekitan-sawa, Atsunai,
Otsu-mura, Tokachi Province; Honbetsu formation (Pliocene), U.H. Loc.
Reg. No. 2001 (U.H.=Department of
Geology and Mineralogy, Faculty of
Science, Hokkaiclo University): theBochinosawa, Atsunai, Otsu-mura,
Tokachi Province; Honbetsu formation (Pliocene), U.H. Loc. Reg. No.

168lchiro HAY AS AKA and Satoru UOZUMI

2002: the upstream region of the
Nishci-mappu-sawa, a branch of the
Uryu-gawa, Ishikari Province; Foroshin formation (Miocene). U.H. Loc.
Reg. No. 5014: the Okumigisawa, abranch of the Haboro-gawa, Tomamaigun, Teshio Province : Chikubetsu formation (Miocene), U.H. Loc. Reg. No.
5016: at the junction of the Zunisensawa and the Haboro-gawa, Tomamaigun, Teshio Province ; Chikubetsu
formation (Miocene), U.H. Loc. Reg.
No. 5020: Oginai, Namewakka-mura,
Hidaka Province; Noya formation(Miocene), U.H. Loc. Reg. No. 5015:
the up-stream region of the Monbetsugawa. Hirotomi, lburi Province; Kawabata formation (Miocene), U.H. Reg.
No. 5018.
Repository :-U.H. Reg. No. 5858, 1130411310.

J\ferceuaria Y-iizulwi (KASEHARA)
1937. l'CtlliS (Chiot!C) y-iizukai KANEIIARA:]our. Gcol. Soc. ]apm1. ro/. 44, 110. -15. pp.
794-795, pl. 25, figs. 3, 4·.

KANEHARA's original description is asfollows:"Shell large, heavy, slightly longer
than high, inequilateral, subtrigonal in
outline. Beaks fairly prominent, strongly turned inward and forward, situatedabout one-fifth the length of shell fromthe anterior end.
Posterior dorsal
margin long and rather strongly convex
in about a third of its length. beginningat umbone : nearly straight below this.
Posterior end more acutely rounded
than the anterior. Posteror-ventral margin gently rounded and passes into
strongly arcuated anterior ventral margin. Antero-dorsal margin short, strongly· excavated in front of beak. Umbone
broadly rounded at its base. Surface

sculptured by numerous conspicuousconcentric lines of growth and medium
fine closely crowded radial ribs. Ventral margin crenated internally. Lunule
well-defined, depressed, cordate, as longas high, extending two-thirds the lengthof antero-dorsal margin sculptured concentrically only. Escutcheon well-defined
as long, narrow area which is depressedat more than right angle to main surface of shell : surface smooth except forfine concentric lines of growth. Hinge
plate fairly heavy. Ligamenta! groove
rather deep. On left valve, posteriorcardinal somewhat elongated, situatedon top of nymph plate: middle cardinalbifid and anterior high, bluntly pointed.
Of the three cardinals of the rightvalve, anterior fairly thin, sharp andsmall : middle feebly bifid, posterior not
elongated."
KASEHARA's type specimen shows verystrong convexity, and have thick tests,
but it seems to be a special form of
this species, probably adapted to a
special ecological condition.
The specimens, figured here, Pl. 22,
figs. 3-4, are rather common forms andwith less convexity and thinner test
than the type specimen.

Dimemious :-(in mm)
I~ength57.0
55.1

Ht>ight
53.0
53.2

Thickness
13.5
21.0

Rillht valve

Left valve

Occurrence:- The upstream region of
the Neseimappu-sawa, a branch of the
Uryu-gawa, Ishikari Province; Poroshin
formation (Miocene), U.H. Loc. Reg. No.
5014: the Tanno-sawa. a branch of the
Abirashinai-gawa, Omagari, Teshio Province: Chikubetsu formation (Miocene);
U.H. Loc. Reg. No. 5019.
Reposit01·y :-U.H. Reg. No. 11239
11311, 11318 (Type specimen preserved

Fossil Specic·s of Genus Mercenaria from the Cenozoic Deposits of Hokkaido

in the Geological Survey of Japan, wasdestroyed during the World War II. thespecimen, U.H. Reg. No. 11311. is designated here as the Neotype.)
The Miocene and Pliocene species M.
chitaniana is rather variable in the outline and sculpture: this is also true ofthe form found only in the Miocene,
identified with M. y-iizukai. Certain
paleontologists maintain that the two
species are not distinguishable, because
the wide ranges of form variation of
the two overlap in certain features, anddo not allow to draw a line of demarcation between them. On examining thespecimens from Hokkaido, however, thewriters believe that the two forms are
generally distinct: 111. Y· iizukai has ahigher shell, its anterior dorsal being
very short, steeply slopin6 downward,
and the anterior part is not produced.
The writers feel that the present species
has same relation to jlf. clzitaniana as
Jl;f. cllitaniana has to M. stimpsoui.
According to KAI'EHARA's paper ( 1937 ),the type specimen came from the same
hori7.on of the Chikubetsu formation(Miocene), and he maintains that theform from the Chikubetsu formation, M.
chitaniana, previously mentioned by
YoK<WAt'.lA (1927). was this very species.
But it is not known for certainty
whether YoKoYAMA's specimen is reallythe same species or not, only from thejudgement on the ligures in the paperof YoKOYAMA: the two species, M
chitatJiana and M. y-iizukai occurred
together in this formation.

l\1ercenaria stimpsoni (Gouw)
1862. Ve11us stimpsoni Gour.o: Otica concholo·
gica p. 169.
1881. Vemts(Merctmaria) stimpsoni BRAUKS,
Mem. Sci. Dept., Tokio Daigaku, no. 4,
p. 40, pl. 5, fig. 21.

169This species is common in the seasaround Hokkaido, and it was recorded
as fossil from the Fureb?.tsu, the Teshio
and the Okada formations in the Uryu
coal field by M. YoKoYAMA (1931, 1932),
and in the Takikawa formations by S.
NoMURA (1935). But the exact horizons
in which YoKOYAl\IA's and NoMURA's
specimens occurred, are not certain.
It is quite likely that YoKoYA:\IA confused the Okada formation with theother formation: we doubt very muchwhether it really occurred in the Okada
beds. On the other hand, the horizon
which was considered by S. NoMuRA as
the horizon of this species is not the

981
961
94
92
90

H/L

88
86

64

•
•

•

..

....

!1.

"l:f
~

••• ....
"}!·~• • 'fi

82

0

E

80

~

'76

76

••
• • •• =..
""• • ...
•®

<D ® ®®

Text-Fig. 1. Graph showing ratios of height toin the three species, M. stimPsoni, chitallia11a
and y-iizukai.

len~-:th

1:
2:
3:
4:
5:
6:
7:
8:
9:

Chikubetsu formation (Miocene)Poro~hin formation (Miocene)
Etaibetsu formation (Miocene)
Honbetsu formation (Pliocene)
Poroshin formation (Miocene)
Chikubetsu formation (Miocene)
Honbetsu formation (Pliocene)
Kaigarasawa formation (Pliocene)
Recent specimens of Hokkaido.

lchiro HAYASAKA and Satoru UoZUl\.11170

Takikawa formation but the Togeshita
formation: Takikawa formation is notdeveloped in that vicinity.
As far as is known, it is very improbable that this species extends down to
the Kawabata Sf'ries (Miocene).
The relations between the closely
allied species, .l'rf. chitatzia11a and M. yii"zukai are shown in the following
graph.
Occurrence :-Shishinai, Tobetsu-mura,
Ishikari Province ; the Shishinai formation (Pleistocene), U.H. Loc. No. 5017:
the Sekitan-sawa, Atsunai, Otsu-mura,
Tokachi Province : Honbetsu formation(Pliocene), U.H. Loc. No. 2001: The
Kaigara-sawa, Otobe-mura, Nishi-gun,
Oshima Province: Setana formation(Pliocene), U.H. Loc. No. 1001.
Reposi:ory :-U.H. Reg. No. 6354, 10253,
11314, 11315, 11316.
A-ferce11aria sigaramie11sis (l\1,\KIYAI\lA)
1927. Ve11us sigaramic11sis 1\!AKIY Al\!A: Chikyu(The Globe), vol. 8, p. 185, pl. 3, fig. 7 (insomewhat variable in outline. Reaks
strongly forward, prominent, curved inand touching : anterior dorsal very
short, steeply sloped : anterior end
slightly produced, smoothly rounded,passing to ventral margin without any
angulation : posterior dorsal long, slightly convex and nearly horizontal, posterior end very broadly rounded. Lunule
fairly large, strongly depressed, circularin form, sculptured by coarse crowded
lamellae. Escutcheon well defined depressed at an angle a little more than at aright angle with the outer surface ofthe shell. Surface of the shell coveredby the concentric lines that are a little
broader than interspaces : they look
more or Jess prominent in unweatheredspecimens.
Surface of weathered specimens radially sculptured: radial ribs fine and close:
ventral margin internally crenulate:
the radials are internal and are notshown on well-preserved specimens. Pallial sinus slightly ascending and pointed
in front. Hinge unknown.

Japanese).
1931. !vfercenaria sigaramie11sis KURODA :InHOMMA's Shimmo-Citubu Chishitsushi. pt.
·1. p. 58, pl. 7. fig. 48.

No comprehensive description has been
given of this species, although it was
first introduced by J. MAKIYAMA (1927)
as a new species " Venus si'garamiensis ",the specimen having been an ill-preserved one. Subsequently it was transferred to the Genus ftferce1lan·a by T.
KURODA (1931).
The specimens determined to be thisspecies, and figured on the plate camefrom the Poroshin formation in Central
Hokkaido.
Hokkaido specimens are characterized
as follows:
Shell rather large in size, fairly heavy
and solid, transversely elliptical. andDimensions :-(in mm.)
Length63 :~71.1

Height61.3
51.0

Thickness
39.0
54.5

Occur:·ence :-The upstream region of
the Neseimappu-sawa, a branch of the
Uryu-gawa, Ishikari Province; Poroshin
formation. U.H. Loc. Reg. No. 5014.
Repository :-U. H. Reg. No. 11312,
11313.
This species is quite distinct from all
the hitherto known Japanese species: inthe outline it is characterized in being
lower in proportion to length; in thecircular form of the lunule: ligament
being placed a little more posteriorly
than in other forms in which it is almost
behind the umbo.
This species is very variable in theFossils Species of Genus Mercenaria from the Cenozoic Deposits of Hokkaido

convexity of the valves : the specimens
figured Pl. ~2. figs. la-b are common,and the one figured Pl. 22, figs. 6a-b isan abnormal form having a great convexity.
References
BRAU!\S D. (1881). Geology of the Environsof Tokio. Mem. Sci. DePt .. Tokio Daigaku,
110. 4.
GoULD. A. (1862). Otica concho/ogica.
KA:"EHARA, K. (1937). On Some Tertiary Fossil Shells from Hokkaido (Yesso), ]aPml.
]our. Gcol. Geogr., vol. 14, nos. 3-4.
KURODA. T. (1931). Fossil Mollusca in F.
Ho:-IMA's
Shinauo·CimiJu Chishitsushi,
Part 4.
MAKIYAMA, ]. (1927a), Molluscan Fauna of
the Lower Part of the Kakegawa Series
in the Province of Totf,mi, Japan. llfem.
Coli. Sci., Kyoto Imp. llniv. ser B. vol. 1,
110.

--,

1.

(1927b), Preliminary Report on the
Tertiary Fossils from Kamimanochi-gun,Shinano., Cflikyu (The Globe), vol. 8 no.
2 (in Japanese).
NmtURA. S. and HATAI, K. (1936). Fossils
from the Tanagura beds in the Vicinity of
the Town Tanagura, Hukusima-Ken. Northeast !Ionsyu. Japan. Saito Ho·on Kai
Mus. Res. Bull .. no. 10.
- - and -(1937). A list of the Miocene 1\IolJusca and Brachiopoda collected fromthe Region lying North of the Nanakita
River in the Vicinity of Sendai. Rikuzen

171

Province, Jap1n. Saito Ho-on Kai. Mus
Res. Bull., uo. 13.
- - and - - (1939). Fossil Mollusca from the
Neogene of lzumo. Japan. JaPan. ]our.

Geoi. Geogr., vol. 16. nos. J-2.
Nm.IURA. S. (1940). Molluscan Fauna of thel\loniwa Shell hed exposed along theNatori-gawa in the Vicinity of Sendai.
Miyagi Prefecture, Japan. Sci. Rept. To·
hoku. Imp. Univ .. scr. 2, vol. 21.
O!NOMIKADO, T. (1938), Neogene Shells fromthe Vicinity of the City of Takasaki.
Gumma·ken, ]our. Ceo/. Soc. ]apau. vol.
45, nn. 539.
OTUKA, Y. (1936), Pliocene ·Mollusca froml\langanzi in Kotomo-mura, Akita Prefecture, Japan. jour. Geol. Soc. Japan, vol.
43, 110. 516.
- - ( 1940), Miocene Mollusaca from Teshio
Province. Hokkaido. ]apau. ]our. Geol.
Gcogr. vol. 17, nos. 1-2.
YoKOYAMA, M. (1923), On Some Fossil Mol·lusca from the Neogene of Izumo. ] aPan.
] our. Geol. Geogr. t•ol. 2, 110. 1.
- - (1926), Tertiary Mollusca from Southern
Totomi. ]our. Fac. Sci., ImP. l!niv. Tokyo.,sec. 2, val. 1. Pl. 9.
- - (1927), Tertiary Shells from the Coal
Field of Haboro. Teshio. ]our. Fac. Sci.,
Imp. U1ziv. Tokyo., sec. 2. vol. 2, Pl. 4.
(19:31). Neogene shells from Karafto and
Hokkaido. ]our. Fac. Sci. Imp. Univ.
Tokyo., sec. 2, vol. 3. Pl. 4.
(1932). Tertiary J\Iollusca from the Coalfield of Uryu, lshikari. ]our. Fac. Sci.
Imp. Univ. Tol1yo., sec. 2, vo/. 3, pt. 6.

172

Ichiro IIA Y ASAKA aud Satoru UOZUMI_PUBLICATIONS RECEIVED (7)Gazin, C. I.. : The 'fillodonta:
An
Early . Tertiar)' Order of Mammals.
Smiths. 1\-fiscell. Coli. Vol. 121, No. 11(1953).
.
1052.. Cooper, G.A. et al. : Permian Fauna at
El Antimonio, Western Sonora, l'VIcxico.
Ibid .. Vol. 119, No. 2 (1953).
1053. Blake, S.F. : The Pleistocene Fauna of
Wailes Bluff and L~ngleys Bluff. Mary·land. Ibid. Vol. 121. No. i2 (1953).
1054. Stirton, R.A.: A Ne\v Genus of Inter·
atheres from the Miocene of Colombia.
Uoiv. Calif. Pub!. Geol. Science, Vol.
29, No. 6 (1953).
1055. Stenzel, H. B.: The Geology of Henry~
Chapel Quadrangle, Northeastern Che·
rokkee County, Texas. Univ. Texas
Publ. No. 5305 (1953).
1os6, JI[!JRJ&'Et~~~ (tfi$[f1J"DitliJ) ~un~-~-~
1051.

w
1057.

Gesamt·Verzeichnis. des Senckenberg:
Schriften Senckenberg·Buch fur 19U1952 (1953).
1058. ~'Jllii!l::k$Jl!!.$Jl'ii!M-~~15- ( 1'1 ~*·fl!f: No. 4)
1953.

1059.
1060.
1061.
1062.
1063.
106·1.
1065.
1066.

1067.
1068.

1069.
. 1070.
1071.

'l'tifi;li>l~iiif~~itt!H:jt 32 ~ (1953 Dec.)
Annales de Ia Societe Geologique dePologne. Vol. XXII, Fasc. 2 (1952).
;:';im:k~~~iiliiVf~'faW Vol~ 2, t-fo. 32.
~i:::kll!!.M~ Ser. IV, Vol. VIII, No. 4(1954, March).
f!~·-kk*2~ Ser. B, No. 4 (195t March).
1i~Wfb No. 33 (195-l, M')rch)
Jour. Earth S~i., Nagoya Univ., Vol..2;
No. 1, 1954.
Lc:o Hendricks : Correlation , between
Surface and Subsurface Sections
theEllenburger Group of Texas. Univ.
Texas, Bureau of Economic Geol., Rept.
Invest.. No. 11.
Senckenbergiana. Bd. 34, Nr. 4-6, 1954.
Kielan. Zofia: Les Trilobites Meso·
devoniens des Mont> de Saints-Croix
Palaeontologia Polonica .. l"!'o·. 6 (195•1).
U..,(b7;:!1i!.¥:m:it'ff.lW No. 3, 19S3 ...
No.4. 1954.
van Dyke, Edwin C.: The Coleopteraof _the Galapagos Islands. Calif. Acad.
Sci., Occ. Paper, No .. 22 (1953).

of.

Explanation of Plate 22
Figs. la-b. Mercmaria sigaramiensis (MAKIYAMA): U.l!. Reg. No. 11312 a, Side view of a rightvalve; b, dural view of same.
Figs. 2a-b. Mercenaria chitaniaua (YoKoY AM,\): U.H. Reg. No. 11308. a, Side view of a left
valve; b, dorsal view of same.
Fig. 3. Mercenaria y-iizukai (KANEIIARA): U.H. Reg. No. 11311. (Neutype).
Fig. 4. Mercetzaria y-iizukai (KANEIIARA): U.H. Reg. No. 11239.
Figs. 5a-b. Merceizaria chitaniana (YoKoYAMA) var.: U.li. Reg. No. 11305. a, Side view of aright valve; b, dors'll view of same. This specimen is an abnorm3l form of this species :it bas a large convexity and very thick test.
Figs. 6a-b. Mercenaria sigaramiemis (MAI<IYAMA) var.: U.H. Reg. No. 11313. a, Side view of aright valve; b, dorsal view of same. This individual seems to be a special form of thisspecies, probably adapted a special ecological condition.

HAYASAKA & U ozuMI: Mercenaria from Hokka ido,

PLATE 22

S. K u MANo Photo.

Trans. Proc. Palaeont. Soc. Japan, N.S., No. 15, pp. 173-178. Pl. 23, Oct. 15, 1954

253. PATINOPECTEN KOBIYAMAI, A NEW MIOCENESCALLOP FROM THE JOBAN COAL-FIELD, JAPAN.*Y ASUHIKO KAlVIADA
Nagasaki University, Nagasal1i, Japan'lit!f!:J?iifllft€ r:j:llfi!lt~H.Jl: ~ v.>$Tf{{ Patinopecten kobiyamai:o~.\o'.9tl::lt~T.~/i:;tf~t;tll),j,ffflll~~z:fl:'ii}·~ ~7t:EEI!"l:?i ~lll :!I: a~ Ti ~.l'Uf.l: H1Ht t..1:: ~:It !3.11:11 ~fi1U: l- c: litH!X L.t.: o 3t flil.l1l!.1ii\'i; :?,.H
v.>r:j:l ill IN' .1: UffJi l *Vff-mi<: f'llj£ Li!}.;, ~~o~:r~:il·;, -*flfo;: Vertipecten Vf,f-:::> #J:!H: 11, )fit:P. ~ r.r;l .0·*'·a: -111 llii L 1:: o

~

Ill

~

~

position shown in the annexed table.
The writer wishes to add that the
Kabeya formation is a correlative of
the Honya formation of the TairaOnahama area in this coal.field.
The shell bed of the Kabeya siltstone
is well-developed in the northern partof the Ishimori area. Some molluscan
fossils are found in this formation froma few places other than the above.cited
two localities.

Introduction
The new fossil scallop herein describedwa!" collected from a small cliff in thevalley about 500 meters east of Naka·yama, Ono-mura, Iwaki-gun, Fukushima
Prefecture by Mr. Hajime KomYAMA,
teacher at the Mining Department of
the Taira Technical High School in
Taira City, Fukushima Prefecture andby the writer. The shell bed whichyielded the scallop is called by Mr.
KoBJYAMA the Ishimori shell bed. This
horizon is also exposed along the roadcut about 700 meters west of Mizujina,
Kusano-mura, Iwaki-gun in the same
Prefecture. At these two localities, thepredominating rock consists of coarsegrained sandstone with intercalated fossil molluscs. The Ishimori shell beds
are included in the Kabeya siltsone .of
Messrs. S. SATO and H. MATSUI (1951,
p. 47) which occupies the stratigraphicalAcknowledgements
The writer is indebted to Mr. Hajime
KoBIYAMA of the Mining Department of
the Taira Technical High School, Taira
City, Fukushima Prefecture, for his kindcollaboration in the field and for his
gift of his previous collection for study.
The writer also appreciates the helpful
suggestion of the following persons whoread the manuscript, Professor Shoshiro* Read Feb. 28. 1953: received July 19. 1954.
173

Yasuhiko KAMADA

174

Stratigraphic Column in the Ishimori Area, Joban Coal-field
Thicknessin meters

Group
name

Formation name

Geological
age

70+

Our a

Yamadakominato siltstone
Nagi sandstone

Miocene--~unconformity ~260350Omori tuff
Izumizaki conglomerate andagglomerate
Kobana sandstone
Kabeya siltstone
Ishimori agglomerate

KusanoMiocene-------190200

Kameno·o shale
Mizunoya siltsone andsandstone
Goyasu sandstone

Yunagaya

Miocene---unconformity
170+

Shiramizu( = Uchigo)

Shirasaka siltstone
Asagai sandstone
Iwaki sandstone

Oligocene--------------fault-----(After S. SATo and II. MATsUI, 1951)

and Professor Kotora HATAI of the
Department of Geology, Faculty of
Education, Tohoku University, Sendai.
The writer is indebted to Departmentof Education of the Japanese Government for the Grant in Aid for Fundamental Scientific Reserch which enables
the present study.
Description of Species
Family Pectinidae
Genus Patinopecten DALL, 1898
Map showing the fossil localities ( ~ ) in the
Joban coal·field.

Pati11opecten DALL, 1898. TrmiS. Wagner Free
I11st. Sci. Phi/ad., Vol. 3, p. 695.

Pati1wpecten lwbiyamai KA!\IADA, n. sp.
HANZAWA and Mr. Tamio KoTAKA of theInstitute of Geology and Paleontology

Plate 23, figures 1-4.

Patinopecten kobiyamai, a New Miocene Scallop from the Joban Coal-field, Jap:m

Shell moderate in size, averaging
about 85 mm in height in adult, rather
higher than long, inequivalved, nearly
equilateral, right valve somewhat ventricose, the left valve flat to slightly convex, margins smoothly rounded, sides
only slightly concave above.
Right
valve with 5-6 strong, broadly rounded
ribs, most elevated at its central part,
where ribs are slightly wider than theinterspaces, gradually broadening andbecoming rather flat-topped ventrally.
Of the radial ribs, posteriormost one
low and narrow, sometimes splitting
into several obsolete! riolets; interspaces
round-bottomed and sometimes provided
with faint interstitial threads, wholesurface of test marked with faint concentric growth lines. Hinge-line straight,
slightly shorter than one-half of shelllength. Anterior auricle slightly longer
than posterior one, surface of bothmarked with tine growth lines and fouror more radial riblets, byssal notch
shallow but distinct ; posterior auricle
similar to anterior one, its extremity
rectangular. Left valve with 6 roundedor roughly roof-shaped radial ribs, on
the antero- and postero-dprsJ.l margins,
the ribs are weaker than the others
which become well defined with sharpedges in the younger part of shell, whilerounded near ventral margin. Interspaces between the ribs round-bottomed,
wider than ribs and usuallY covered
with microscopic cross-hatching network
and with concentric growth lines more
weakly developed than on right valve,moreover with weakly developed, rounded, closely spaced intercalary threads
extending to as far as near central partof shell. Auricles similar to those ofright valve, except for lacking byssal
notch. Apical angle 90°.

Dimensions (in mm) :-175

Height Length Depth Hinge-length-------·HolotypePara type

85
89
85
85

65
52

80
78
79.5
83
83
62
50

21

27
20
23
36

20
12

Comparison :-This new species bears
some resemblance to Patinopecten kimurai (YOKOYAMA)=?. murayamai (YoKoYAMA), P. kimurai tiganouraensis(N ..\KAMVRA), P. ugoensis <HAT AI and NisJYAMA) and P. subyessoensis (YoKOYAMA),
but may be distinguished from them as tobe mentioned below. This species may
be distinguished from P. kimurai whichranges from the Honya formation of the
Yunagaya group up to the lower partof the Taga group in the Joban coalfield by the different convexity of theright valve, more flattened left valve,less number of radial ribs and more
weakly developed radial threads in theinterspaces ; from P. kimurai tiganouraensis, which is closely allied to the prec
sent species, from the Miocene of Shiogama, Miyagi Prefecture, by its smaller
size and less degree of the apical angle;
from P. ugoensis by having threads inthe interspaces, by the asymmetricalconvexity of the valves, having microscopic cross-hatched ornamentation on
the left valve, and less number of radialribs ; from P. subyessoensis from the
Miocene of South Saghalin, by its smaller size, less number of ribs and by thepresence of threads in the interspaces.
Remarks :-A well-preserved specimen
which was collected by Mr. H. KoBJYAMA
from the Nakwama formation of ShimaYamaguchi, Takaku-mura, Iwaki-gun,
Fukushima Prefecture and shown infigures 3a and 3b in Plate 23, may be

176

Yasuhiko KAMADA

referred to the present new species,
although it is smaller in size and of lessconvexity. The surface of the younger
part of the left valve less than 30 mm
in size is covered with minute crosshatching network, while the older partof the valve is marked with minor
radial threads not only on the ribs but
also in the interspaces between the ribs,
their numbl'r amounting to 90 on thewhole valve. The radial threads consistof an imbrication of minute scales. The
last-cited characteristics of the radial
threads have not been noticed in any
other known species of Patinopecfen.
These features of the radial threads are
not observed distinctly on the specimensfrom lshimori. GRANT aad GALE (1931,
p. l!i8) established a new genus Vertipecten by designating Pecten nevadames CoNRAD as the genotype. They distinguishedthe new genus from the genus Pectenby the characteristic features of theradial threads with imbricated scales as
is seen on Pecte11 11evadamts CoNRAD.
In that occasion, they held the viewthat VertZPecten is in a close relation·
ship with Patinopecten and that " it may
be found more convenient to consider
Vertipectm merely as the ancestal section of Patitropectett." The present new
species is convex in the right valve andis much flattened in the left, while thereverse is the general case in Vertipecten.
But the present new species seems topossess the characters of both PatinaPecten and Vertipecten and to occupy
an intermediate position between them.
It may be possible to consider that thepresent form is a link conneding thetwo genera just quoted, however, thematerial at hand seems to be premature
for conclusive remarks.
Since the characters of the present
new species may neither be assigned toPatinopecfetz nor Vertipectetz in strict

sense and since the specimens may bereferred to no known genus. it seems
worthy to establish a new subgenericor generic name for it. However, owing
to that sufficient specimens are required
to study the interior featurQs and thestability of its surface characters, thewriter withholds erecting a new genericname until such an opportunity arrives.
The specific name of this new species
is dedicated to 1\lr. Hajime KoBIYA:\IA,
who kindly directed the writer to thefossil locality and who offered his specimens for study. It may also be addedthat his father the late Nobuo KoBIYA~lA
was also interesterl in collecting fossils
and he also collected this new scallopfrom the Ishimori shell-bed in May of1932. which is now in the Saito Ho-on
Kai Museum, Sendai, Japan (SHM coli.
cat. no. 2305 ).

Localites and horizons :IGPS* Joe. no. Fs-23; About 500 m east of
Nakayama, Ono-mura, lwaki-gun, Fukushima
Prefecture. (Taira). Lat. 37° 061 1611 N., Long.
140° 541 51 11 E. Type locality. Miocene Kabcya
formation. IGPS coli. cat. no. 72963. H. KoBIYAMA andY. KA.MADA coli.
IGPS Joe. no. Fs-37: Shima-Yamaguchi,
Takaku-mura, Iwaki-gun, Fukushima Prefecture. (Taira). Lat. 37"001 4·2 11 N., Long. 140°55'
2711 E. Miocene Nakayama formation. IGPS
coli. cat. no. 72964. II. KoniYAI\tA coli.
IGPS Joe. no. Fs-36; Kamori-saku. J(amitakaku, Iino-mura. lwaki·gun, Fukushima Prefecture. (Taira). Lat. 37°00' 1211 N.. Long. 140°55'
4911 E. Miocene Nakayama formation. IGPS coli.
cat. no. 72965. Y. KAMADA coli.

Distribution of similar species :-The
following distribution is that of specimens closely resembling the present new
species but are not identical.

* IGPS, abbreviation for Institute of Geology
and Paleontology, Sendai, Japan.

Patinopectcm kobiyamai, a New Miocene Scallop from the Joban Coal-field, Japan
1) West coast of Motoura River, Nishi·
Anecha, Hagifuse-mura, Uraga-gun, Hidaka
Province, Hokkaido. IGPS coli. cat. no. 50972.
K. IGARASHI coli.
2) Shimo-Myoga. Miyakawa·mura. Kuji-gun,lbaragj Prefecture. IGPS coli. cat. no. 28444.
T. lZUMITANI coli.
3) Soeguni, Nishium'i-mura, Suzu-gun. Ishikawa Prefecture. IGPS coli. cat. no. 61482.
MATSUSIIIMA coli.
4) Fujitoge, Tabanematsu-mura, Kanuma·
gun, Fukushima Prefecture. Dept. Geol. Coli.
Educ. Tohoku Univ. Reg. no. 325. K. HoNDA
coli.

References
AR:->or.o, R., (1906). Tertiary and Quaternary
Pectens of California; United States Geol.
Surv., Prof. Paper No. 47. pp. 1-146. pis.
2-53, 1 map.
DALL, W. H., (1898), Contributions to the
Tertiary Fauna of Florida. Pt. 4. ;Wagner Free lnst. Sci. Pili/adelphia, Vol.
3, pp. 571-916, pis. 23-35.
GRANT, U.S. IV and GALE, H.R.. (1931), Cata·
Iogue of the Marine Pliocene and Pleisto-

177

cene Mollusca of California: hfem. San
Diego Soc. Nat. Hist., Vol. J, pp. 1-1046.
pis. 1-32.
HATAI, K. and NISIYAMA, S., (1939). Paleontological Notes on Certain Japanese S:al·lops: ]our. Geol. Soc. Japan. Vol. 46, tUJ.
544, pp. 37-46, 3 text·figs.
NAKAMURA. M., (1940), On Some Pectinidae
Fossils from the Miocene Deposits of theTomiya Block, Miyagi·ken. Northeast
Honshu, Japan; Japan. four. Geol. Geogr.,Vol. 17, nos. 1-2, pp. 1-15, 2 pis.
SATO, S. and MATSUI, H .. (1951), Preliminary
Report on the Ishimoriyama District.
)oban Coal·field, Fukushima Prefecture ;Bull. Geol. Surv. JaPan, Vol: 2, 110. 7, pp.
43-51. 5 text-fig~.
YoKOYAMA, M .. (1925), Molluscan Remains
from the Uppermost Part of the )o-Ban
Coal-Field; ]our. Col/. Sci., Imp. U11iv.,
Tokyo, Vol. 45, art. 5, pp. 1-34, pis. 1-6.
- - , (1926), Fo.sil Mollusca from the Oilfields of Akita; ]our. Fac. Sci.. lmp.
Uniu, Tokyo, Sec. 2, vol. 1, Pt. 9, pp.
377-389, pis. 44-45.
- , (1930), Tertiary Mollusca from South
Karafuto; Ibid .. Sec. 2. vor: 2, pt. 10, pp.
407-418. p:s. 77-80.

178

Yasuhiko KAMADA

PUBLICATIONS RECEIVED (8)1072. Barneby, R.C.;
A Revision of theNorth American Species of Oxytropis
DC. Proc. Calif. Acad. Sci .. Ser. 4, Vol.
27. No. 7. 1952.
1073. Groody, T., Loukashkin. A., and N.
Grant : A Preliminary Report on the
Behavior of the Pacific Sardine CSardi·
nops caerulea) in an electrical field.
Ibid., Ser. 4. Vol. 27, No.· 8 (1952).
1074. Hanna. G.D. : Geology of the Continen·
tal Slope off ~ntral California. Ibid.,
Ser. 4. Vol. 27. No. 9 (1952).
1075. Church. C.C.:
A New Species ofForaminifera of the Genus Discorbis
dreadged off the coast of Californi:l.
Ibid .. Ser. 4, Vol. 27, No. 11 (1952).
Hertlein, L.G. : Description of a New
Pelecypod of the Genus Lima from Deepwater off Central California. Ibid., Ser.
4, Vol. 27, No. 12 (1952).
Smith, A.G. : Shells from the Bird
Guano of Southeast Farallen Island.

California, with description of a new
species. Ibid., Ser. 4, Vol. 27. No. 13(1952)
Smith, A.G. & Hanna. G. D.: A Rare
Species of Chiton from Pioneer Sea·
mount off Central California. Ibid .. Ser.
4. Vol. 27. No. 14 (1952).
Goodwin, D.G.: Some Decapod Crusta·
cea dreadged off the Coast of Central
California. Ibid .. Ser. 4. Vol. 27, No. 15(1952).
1076. Follett, W.I.: Annoted List of Fishes
obtained by the California Academy of
Sciences during six cruises of the U.S.S
l\Iulberry conducted by tlie United
Sates Navy off Central California in
1949 and 1950. Ibid., Ser. 4, Vol. 27,
No. 17 ( 1952).
1077. Gressitt, J.L.: The Tortoise Beetles of.China (Chrysomelidae. Cassidinae) Ibid.,
Ser. 4. Vol. 27, No. 16 (1952).

Explanation of Plate 23
Pali1lOPecten kobiyamai KA:O.IADA, n. sp.

Fig. 1a ·c. Holotype. Loc. About 500 m. east of Nakayama, Ono·mura, Iwaki-gun, Fukushima Prefecture. Kabeya formation ; Miocene.
a. Exterior of right valve.
b. Exterior of left valve.
c. Profile of both valves. anterior view.
Fig. 2. Referred specimen. Loc. Kamori·saku, Kamitakaku. lino·mura, lwaki·gun, Fukushima Pre·
fecture. Nakayama formation. Miocene. Plastotype of exterior of right valve.
Fig. 3a-b. Referred specimen. Lee. Shima-Yamaguchi, Takaku·mura, Iwaki-gun, Fultushima Pre·
fecture. N:1kayama formation, Miocene.
a. Exterior of right valve.
b. Exterior of left valve.
(All figures in natural size)

K AMADA :Patt'nopecten kobiyamai n. sp.

Photo. by K. K u M AGAIPLA TE23

Trans. Proc. Palaeont. Soc. Japan, N.S .. No. 15, pp. 179-182. Pl. 24. 2 text·figs .. Oct. 15, 1954

254. A GIGANTIC FUSULINID SPECIES FROM THE
KITAKAMI MASSIF, NORTHEASTERN JAPAN.*RYUZO TORIYAMA
Department of Geology, Kyushu University, Fukuokat.:o=!U:UJ:It!!rl€fo:#tM'.IJ!im: Jf!~E; 0 *~tJ:rli:lt!!.it/H.!.~fMJN!.!ll. Lepidolina? gigantea n. sp. Hill£ t,!l!; Ill ~ --The purpose of this paper is to describe a gigantic species of fusulinid
foraminifer found by Professor MINATo
of Hokkaido University in the Permian
exposed in the southern part of theKitakami massif, Northeastern Japan.
All the materials available to me areso poorly preserved that they are notadequate for detailed precise micropaleontological study. Nevertheless thefact, I 0952) described twenty four species of eleven genera because the Permian rocks of the Kitakami massif arevery important, being regarded as thestandard of the Upper Paleozoic of thiscountry.
Through his study on the Usuginu
conglomerate, clarified MI:-!ATo (1944)
the geohistorical condition of the areain the Late Permian time. According to
him the sedimentary basin of this area
was gradually changed from an open
sea condition in the Kanokura epoch to
an inland-sea condition in the Toyoma
epoch. It is natural to consider thatsuch a condition that muddy facies wereincreasing might have been unfavourable
to fusulinid foraminifers. It is, there-

fore, not probable to take an assumptionthat the occurrence of this unusual species might be imputable to the special
condition of the environment.
On the other hand, it is generally
recognized that the developing of large
shell was the positive direction of the
progressive evolutionary trend in fusulinid shell, and that the latest representatives of Neoschwagerininae andFusulinittae had very thin and almost
structureless single layer of spirotheca.
Therefore, it is beyond doubt that thisunusual large species was in the latest
stage of phylogeny; and it is most probable to assume that the occurrence of
Lepidolina? gigantea n. sp. is one example of orthogenetic development or
program evolution, namely, this species
had attained the unusual size of shellregardless of the enviroment which was
gradually changing to rather unfavourable condition for fusulinid foraminifers.
I wish to express my most sincere
gratitude to Professor M. MINATO of
Hokkaido University for the opportunity
to study his collections, and to Professor
M. L. THoMPSON of University of
Wisconsin for critical reading of themanuscript.

* Read Oct. 9, 1954; received July 19, 1954
179

Ryuzo TORIYAl\L\

180

•

0

A·

~. .

•.

0

0

302.

Fig. l-Geological Map of the environ of Katchizawa, Setamai·mura. Kesen·gun,lwate Prefecture, Northeastern Japan. (After M. Mll\ATO, 1942)
A.

Clayslate and Limestone

B. P seudosch wageri11a· Limestonec. Shale bed, conglomerate in thelowest part
D. Sandstone bed
E. Chaetetes-Limestone (Fusulinella·limestone)
F. Sandstone bed
G. Coral-Limestone
H. Sandstone bed
I. Schalstein bed
J. Clayslate bed
K. Schalstein bed
L. Clayslate bed
M. Unclassified bed
Koh,.Kofugane;

Ka

}
}

Sa

.. Kanokm'a Series (contain·
ing Yabeina·Limestone)... Sakamotozawa Series

Na ......... Nagaiwa Series

On .. : ...... Onimaru Series

Oh ........ Ohdaira Series

Kat,·Katchizawa; Ko,·Kotsubo;

Kan,·Kanokura·yama

A Gigantic Fusulinid Species from the Kitakami Massif, Northe:Jstern Japan

Lepidolina? gigantea ToR tYA~IA,
new species
Pl. 24

Descriptiou :-This species has a muchlarger size and more numerous volutions
than any known species of neoschwagerinids. The volutions number 24 or
more, attaining at least a length of 2lmm
and a width of 15 mm. The volume ofthe shell is estimated to have been
more than 5,000 cubic millimeters.
The external form of the shell is notexactly known for parts of all available
specimens are missing. The specimen
here illustrated, and the most nearlycomplete available, is diagonally cut.
The proloculus seems to be rather
large in size, though its diameter cannot
be measured accurately. The volutions
expand rapidly and almost uniformly.
The spirothcca seems to consist of
only a single homogeneous layer, but insome portions of the outer volutions avery thin but opaque layer can be seen.
In spite of the careful observation underFig. 2.

181high magnification of the microscope, I
have found no alveolar structure either
in the spirotheca or in the septa andseptula.
Characteristics of the septal structure
are not clearly known, as there is no
exactly oriented section available. Under
the microscope, the illustrated specimen
shows two sets of septula. They obviously are the downward deflection of
the lower part of the spirotheca. In
the inner volutions of the shell, bothsepta and septula arc difficult to observe.
In the out<>r volutions four or more,and even as many as seven, axial septula are intercalated between adjacentsepta. All of the septula are not pendant-shaped in cross section and equalin length as in Sumatrina or Afghatze/la.
In the outer volutions, especially in thelast one or two volutions where thestate of the preservation seems to bebest, septula are so short that: they looka coarse keriotheca.
The following measurements in milli·meters are of the illustrated specimen:

A part of outer volutions, showing
spiro theca and septula. x 20.

182

Ryuzo ToRIYAMA

Half
Volution Diameter
0
?
1
0.35
2
0.72
3
1.07
4
1.33
1.70
5
6
1.96
7
2.21
2.44
8
2.77
9
3.02
10
3.28
11
3.54
12

Volution
13
14
15
16

17
18
19
20
21
22
23
24

Half
Diameter
3.76
4.21
4.54
4.87
5.17
5.54
5.79
6.13
6.49
6.83
7.12
7.53

Remarks :-I am uncertain as to what
genus in the subfamily Neosclzwageri;nitzae the present species belongs. Furthermore, I have never before seen such·a large neoschwagerininicL It is unfortunate that I have been able to secureneither an exactly oriented axial nor an
oriented sagittal section from the mate·rial at my disposal. It seems most proba}Jle that the present species is refera'ble to the genus Lepidolina LEE.
: There is no species in the subfamily
Neosclzwagerinitzae which can be compared with this species in its numerous
volutions, rapid expansion of shell, andthe characters of septa and septula.
Locality and Horizmz :-Lepidolina?
gigantea, n. sp. was found at Kanokurazawa, Setamai, Kesen-gun, Iwate Prefecture, associated with Pseudo/usulina
japonica (GuMBEL) and Lepidolina? spp.

Band C.
The illustrated specimen will be deposited in the paleontological collection of
Department of Geology and Mineralogy,
Hokkaido University, Japan (No. 185-3).

References
MINATO, M., (19•t2). Unconformity of the
Pre-Sakamotozawa (Pre-Sakmarian) in the
Kitakami-Mountainland, Northeast Japan:
Jour. Geo/. Soc. Japan. Vol. 49. No . .581,
pp 47-72.
- - , (19H), Stratigraphische Stellung desUsuginu-Konglomerate,mit
besonders
Berucksichtung des Toyoma·Meeres, eines
Binnenmeeres der spateren Permi.;chenZeit in Kitakami·Get.irge, Jap3n: Jour.
Geol. Soc. JaPall, Vol. 51. No. 609. pp. 169187 (Japanese with German Resume) Vol .
.53, Nos. 622-627. pp. ll2-113 (Abstract
with fossil list).
ToRJYAMA, R .. (1947), On Fusulinid Fossils
from the 1\itakami Mountainland. foum.
Geol. Soc. Japa11- - . (1952), Permian Fusulinids from the
Kitakami Mountainland, Northeast Japan:
Mem., Fac. Sci., Kyuslm Univ., Ser. D .. Vol.
Ill, No . .1, pp. 127-156.
[Postscript]:
The manuscript of this paper was completed in 1951 while I was in Madison,
Wisconsin, and I had expected that it
would be published before my paper of1952 was published. It is my regret that
this paper has not been published until
today.

Expla~ation of

Plate 24

LePidolina? giga11tea ToRIYAMA. n. sp. Diagonal section (185-3), x 10.
CoJlected from Kanolwra-zawa, Setamai, Kesen-gun, Iwate Prefecture.

R. ToRIY AMA : G£gantic jusuUnd.

PLATE 24

R. ToRlYAMA Photo.

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