I C U SNewsletter
Volume 12

Number3

Oct. to Dec. 2012

International Center for Urban Safety Engineering
Institute of Industrial Science, The University of Tokyo

RAPID URBANIZATION AND URBAN SAFETY ISSUESAMID MINING BOOM: A CASE IN MONGOLIA
By Yasuyoshi Ichihashi
Visiting Professor, International Center for Urban Safety Engineering
Institute of Industrial Science, The University of Tokyo
This year’s USMCA was held
in Ulaanbaatar, the capital city ofMongolia (see article on p.4). One ofthe particular features of this year’s
symposium was that there weremany Mongolian participants, mostof whom discussed urban safetyissues in Mongolia, particularly in
Ulaanbaatar.
This short article briefly sums up
main discussions of the issues in
Mongolia, adding some historicaland geopolitical backgrounds, andattempts to make some suggestions
for possible solutions in the future.
Fast economic growth
The economic progress inMongolia in the recent years has
been remarkable. Its most powerfuldriving force has been the greatly
heightened international attention onmineral resources development suchas coal, copper, gold, rare metals or
uranium, and the increased in-flowof foreign capital into the mining
sector. It is also pointed out thatthe recent rapid growth in Chinese
economy has stirred up demand forthese resources.
Mongolia has taken steady steps
towards democratization since
the early 1990s, with Japan andother major donors have been
rendering assistances. Throughout

View of Ulaanbaatar City: Population of the city became appreciably five times during last thirty years.

(%)

Yaer

2001

2002

2003

2004

2005

20

2006

GrowthTerms
GDP GrowthGDP
Rates
inRates
Realin Real
Terms(%)

15GDP
GrowthRates in
Real Term

1.0%

4.0%

5.6%

10.7%

7.3%

Yaer

2007

2008

2009

2010

2011

20

8.6%

1510
10 5
5

GDP
GrowthRates in
Real Term

10.2%

8.9%

-1.3%

6.4%

GDP Growth Rates inReal Terms(%)

0

0

17.3%

-5 1
-5

2

3

4

5

6

7

8

9

10 11

2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 (year)()

GDP Growth Rates in Real Terms

this process, Mongolia has creatednecessary investment environment,
including
legal
instruments,
institutional set-ups, and humanresources development, althoughstill not perfect.
Growth rates of the Mongolian
economy are shown in the table andfigure above. In parallel with this,population has been migrating to thecapital city. as shown in the tableand figure below.
Rapid urbanization
Historically for a very longtime, Mongolians are nomads with
virtually no experiences in market
economy.
During the socialist
times, industrialization evolved toa certain extent -- light industrial
product factories built, capital city
constructed, and policies suchas collectivization of nomads
promoted. In 1990, nevertheless, 60
to 70% of the whole population still
lived nomadic lives, and populationin the capital city remained as small
as about 500 thousand. In otherwords, Mongolia has not faced realserious urban safety issues to date.
Due to the price hike of thenatural resources since around 2004,
Mongolia experienced trade surplus

Page 2

the Chinese economy, Mongolia
managed to overcome the crisis.
In October 2009, the long-awaited
development contract with Canadianand British-Australian companies on
South-Gobi copper and gold mine
was concluded, and then Mongolia
came back to the growth path. In
2011, growth rate recorded as highas 17.5%.

as well as fiscal surplus for the firsttime ever in the country’s history.
Export of copper to China was themain cause. Thereafter, mining
boom arose in Mongolia, followedby construction rush in Ulaanbaatar,
including high-rise buildings.
Such “bubbles” came to an end
around 2008 to 09. After the Lehman
shock, copper price fell down due
to a temporary recession in China,
with Mongolia also experiencing
economic crisis in 2009. Thanks tothe assistance given by international
donors including Japan, and tocomparatively rapid recovery of

Total
Population
Ulaanbaatar
Population% off capitallpop. In total

Dangers of rapid growth
Such process of economic
development, on the other hand,brought large strains associated with

1956

1969

1979

1989

(in thousand)
2010
2000

845.5

1017.11197.61595.02373.52754.7

118.4

223.7

267.4

402.3

760.1

1154.3

14.0

22.0

22.3

25.2

32.1

41.9

(Person in thousand)
3,000
2,500

Total Population

2,000

Ulaanbaatar Population

1,500
1,000
500
0
1956

1969

1979

1989

2000

Population in Mongolia & Ulaanbaatar. 1956-2010

ICUS Newsletter Vol. 12, No.3

2010 (year)rapid urbanization. Discrepancy
widened between the arising new
rich and middle class, who can enjoy
the fruits of the mining industry
development, and low-income strata
who migrates to the capital fromcountryside.
Urban population
concentration, gaps between urban
and rural sectors as well as gaps
inside urban area are commonly
observed in many Asian countries,
and Mongolia is of no exception.
Travelers to Ulaanbaatar will easily
see what is called the “ger” area, -areas where people live in nomad’s
tents, with no proper electricity,water supply, or sewage installation.
Infrastructure building did not catch
up with the pace of rapid population
concentration to the capital. Air
pollution due to inappropriate coalburning during the winter season
in the “ger” area, insufficient watersupply and sewage system, degradedriver and underwater quality due tofactory effluent, are deteriorating
living conditions in the capital.
Insufficient primary and secondary
school classrooms, as well as
deterioration of health and medical
service quality, are also salient.
Increased number of vehicles makes
roads always congested.
Future city risks
At the symposium, and also
at the general assembly of the
Asian Seismological Commission,
held also in Ulaanbaatar prior
to the symposium, Mongolian
seismologists discussed possibilities
of a magnitude 7 level earthquake
around Ulaanbaatar, as well as greatrisks involved thereby of collapse ofmany buildings in the city. Not only
the old buildings and infrastructures,

built during the socialist times arerisky, but also those new buildings
completed in the recent years arefacing risks of collapse because
many of them were constructed inaccordance with the old buildingcode introduced from the Soviet
Union in the socialist years.
There are also newly built “illegal”
buildings, which don’t even follow
the building code. If any big
earthquake should strike at all,particularly during the severe winterseason, hot water supply through thecollective heating system may stop,
emergency food and water supply
may become short, transportationand communication system may beparalyzed, and so forth. Huge urban
safety risks are to be faced.

important for policy planners as wellas capital city residents. Efforts in thisarea by Mongolia at every stratumof the society, and international
cooperation to such efforts are alsoof growing importance.
Japan, having long experiencesof natural disasters, can provide
knowledge and technologies, and isregarded as one of the best partners inthis field. Bilateral programs agreed
upon at the Mongolian President’s
visit to Japan in 2010 also clearly
indicated this. It is indeed hoped
that, taking the opportunity of the
USMCA 2012, academic/researchlevel cooperation would be enhanced
further.

Countermeasuresagainst earthquake
disasters

Generalobservations
andrecommendationsforfuturesolutions, obtained from theparticipants of the symposium, aresummarized in the following five
points, and have been conveyed
to the Mongolian authorities byProfessor Kimiro Meguro.

The Mongolian government has
been taking steps, in cooperation
with JICA and others, to incorporate
disasterprevention/mitigation
aspect into the capital city’s masterplanning, to draw up hazard map on
the basis of damage estimation, andintroducing “passporting system” tojudge possible damage to individual
buildings, and so on. But all theseactions have started only recently,
and much has yet to be done.
In the future, further developmentof mineral resources is being
planned, which is likely to trigger
further population expansion in thecapital. Ulaanbaatar has alreadybecome a “mega city” for a nation
like Mongolia, though not exactly inthe terminology of a global standard.
Urban safety and disaster prevention
measures became increasingly

Suggestions for Mongolia[Recommendations for the future](1) Conversion from polarization
model (concentration to Ulaanbaatar)
to dispersion model in urbanization.
(2) Improvement in urban road
network and grade-up of its
maintenance/repair work.
(3) Urban planning in considerationof fault locations, ground foundation
structure conditions, geomorphologicalconditions, etc.
(4) Improvement in water resourcesmanagement(5) Establishment of urban safety/
disaster information/enlightenment
center in Ulaanbaatar.

ICUS Newsletter Oct. to Dec. 2012

Page 3

USMCA 2012 held in Ulaanbaatar, Mongolia
By Y. Ichihashi

The 11th International Symposium
on New Technologies for Urban
Safety of Mega Cities in Asia
(USMCA 2012) was held from
October 10 to 12 in Ulaanbaatar,
Mongolia.
USMCA 2012 wasjointly organized by ICUS, theMayor of Ulaanbaatar City, andMongolian University of Science andTechnology (MUST), with support
from the President of Mongolia.
The two-day symposium program
included 5 keynote speakers, a poster
session with 27 poster presentations,and 10 parallel sessions with 57 oralpresentations. A total of 149 people,
including both speakers and audience
representing 14 countries, joined thisyear’s symposium,.
Inauguration of the symposium waschaired by Mr. D. Battulga, Speakerof the Ulaanbaatar City Parliament,
and the message from the Presidentof Mongolia was read out by Mr.
P. Tsagaan, the Head of the Officeof the President. Opening speeches
were delivered by Mr. E. Bat-Uul,
the Mayor of Ulaanbaatar City,
Mr. T. Shimizu, the Ambassadorof Japan to Mongolia, and Dr. K.
Meguro, Director and Professor of
ICUS. Keynote speakers included
Prof. B. Damdinsuren, President ofMongolian University of Science andTechnology, Dr. Y. Yasuoka, Center
for Research and Development
Strategy, Japan Science andTechnology Agency, Mr. Y.
Ichihashi, ICUS visiting professor,
Dr. S. Demberel, Research Center
for Astronomy and Geophysics,
Mongolian Academy of Science,and Dr. T. Uomoto, Chief Executiveof Public Work Research Institute,Japan.
Following last year’s modality,
this year’s symposium also featured
a poster presentation session. Posters
covering a variety of topics were on
display, and many participants joined
the presenters in lively discussions.
Oral presentations were given in
10 parallel sessions which covered
topics including: risk assessment,
disaster response and recovery,planning and development of urban
infrastructure systems, development
and application of sustainable

technologies, urban flood risk
management in changing climate,
and application of geospatial
technologies.
At the end of the symposium, theExcellent Young Researcher Award– prepared by ICUS to encourage theactivities of young researchers – waspresented by Dr. U. Sukhbaatar.
On the third day of the symposium,a field trip around Ulaanbaatar washeld. The tour visited Sun Road(8.4km road renovation project
by Japanese ODA), Sun Bridge(895m bridge and approach road
construction project by JapaneseODA), and thermal power plant No.4
(assisted by grant and loan programsof Japanese ODA).
USMCA 2013 will be held in
Hanoi, Vietnam, from October 9 to
11, 2013. Please check the ICUS
website for future updates andannouncements.

The winners of the Excellent Young Researcher Award at USMCA 2012
Poster presentation award:
Dr. N. H. Giang, National University of Civil Engineering University, Vietnam: “Sliding
disaster in Vietnam and a new proposed design method of reinforced soil wall”
Ms. X. Xu, The University of Tokyo, Japan: “Vulnerability assessment of snow disasterbased on traffic system: A case study of Chenzhou City in Hunan, China”
Oral presentation award:
Dr. M. W. Henry, Hokkaido University, Japan: “Disaster information collection by Thaiand foreigners during the 2011 Thai flood”
Mr. K. Ikuta, The University of Tokyo, Japan: “An analytical investigation of applicabilityof mechanical anchorage system to beam-column joint by 3D discrete model”

USMCA 2012 participants in fron of Parliamanet House of Mongolia

Page 4

ICUS Newsletter Vol. 12, No.3

Open Seminar “Amazon Forest from Space”
By H. Sawada

Prof. Haruo Sawada, ICUS,
and his colleagues organized theopen seminar “Observation of
Amazon Forest from Space” on
17 October, 2012. This seminar
focused on the research project of
the Carbon Dynamics in Amazon
Forest (CADAF), supported by
JST/JICA, Science and Technology
Research Partnership for Sustainable
Development.
Greenhouse gas emission fromdeforestation was recognized as
one of the key issues at the “COP13
of United Nations Framework
Conservation on Climate Change(UNFCCC)” in 2007. Amazon
forest stores the world’s largest
amount of carbon, thus deforestationof Amazon forest has become one ofthe prime global issues.
Under these situations, a fouryear project (2010-2013) was
launched, with the aim to develop
an evaluation technique on a largescale carbon dynamics of Brazilian
Amazon forests. The leading groupis composed of: Forestry and Forest
Products Research Institute (FFPRI,Japan), the University of Tokyo(UT, Japan), National ResearchInstitute of Amazon (INPA, Brazil)
and National Research Institute ofSpace (INPE, Brazil). Prof. Sawada
conducts the remote sensing study“Mapping of Carbon Dynamics
in Amazon Forest”, collaboratingwith INPA and INPE. The remotesensing group mainly works on thefollowing subjects: diversity of site
environment in Amazon, forest
structural parameters on remotesensing data and mapping of forest
biomass distribution in Amazon.
The midterm evaluation of theresearch was successfully ranked in
the project in August 2012, althoughsome delays were caused due toflight permission.

Forest Cover Map derived from MODIS satellite

One keynote speech and four
reports were presented at theseminar. The guest keynote speaker,
Dr. Yosio E. Shimabukuro, Principal
Researcher of the National ResearchInstitute of Space (INPE), introduced
their deforestation monitoring
system, Programa Despoluição de
Bacias Hidrográficas and Detecção
de Desmatamento em Tempo Real,in the Amazon. PRODES uses
Landsat data for detecting deforested
area in a year and updating forest
distribution map. DETER is used
to detect deforestation activities
in a short period of time using
Moderate Resolution Imaging
Spectroradiometer data (250m
ground resolution).
Dr. Moriyoshi Ishizuka, Forestry
and Forest Products ResearchInstitute (FFPRI), summarized theprogress of the CADAF project.
Dr. Renpei Suwa, FFPRI, showed
the achievement of field data
analysis.
Dr. Egidio Arai, INPE, focused on
the recent remote sensing technology
for forest monitoring.
Mr. Yoshito Sawada, IIS,
emphasized the role of MODIS
satellite for monitoring naturalenvironment in global scale. Prof.
Sawada concluded the seminar,
focusing on carbon stock estimationof the whole Amazon forest, andexplained about the integration ofvarious kinds of information.
About 60 participants keenly
listened and asked many questions
on research technologies and recent
situations of the Amazon forest.

Keynote speakers, Dr. Suwa, FFPRI and Dr. Shimabukuro, INPE

ICUS Newsletter Oct. to Dec. 2012

Page 5

RNUS: Starting collaboration with YTU, Myanmar
By A. Kawasaki

Responding to the upcoming rapid
development of economy and society
in Myanmar, RNUS is exploring thepossibility of research collaboration
withYangonTechnological
University (YTU), the most historicengineering school in the country.
After the first meeting at YTU in
September, 2012 and the continuous
discussions in the following months,
we have reached an agreement
to offer a special lecture series
at YTU, titled "Introduction to
Adaptive Technologies in Disaster
Management". The series covers
geospatial technologies (i.e. GIS
and remote sensing), disastermanagement,
infrastructure

YTU campus

Lecture by Prof. Sawada

management (i.e. geotechnical andgeoenvironmental
engineering),
and concrete material and structure.
These emerging technologies must
to be covered by graduate students
in civil engineering and archtecture/urban planning course so as toprepare for the coming rapid land
and infrastructure developmentin Myanmar. However, YTU hadlacked human resources to teachthese subjects. Eight faculties
from IIS, mainly from ICUS, havedecided to offer continuous lectures
at YTU within a whole semester
from December 2012 to March
2013. In addition, joint research
for further collaboration in disasterand infrastructure management inYangon is being planned.

Feasibility study on disaster information
dissemination system at Bangladesh with BNUS
By S. Kondo, A. Kawasaki and M. Ohara

Our research group tries to develop
a disaster information dissemination
system in rural and agricultural areas
where support from the national
and local governments cannot be
expected.
This time, we conducted a fieldsurvey with BNUS members on
current
disasterinformation
dissemination in the rural areas of
Bangladesh. In December, Drs.
Kawasaki and Kondo with two
students visited Dhaka and Manikganj
on the west side of Dhaka.
In Dhaka, we conducted interviews
with some national institutions. We
found that disaster management
system for cyclone is different fromthat of flood disaster in terms of, forexample, the organization responsible
and involvement of volunteers.
Several methods for information

Page 6transmission to citizens using
mobilephoneshave
beendeveloped in Bangladesh. People
contact information center to get
voice information, transmitting
information directly to the person
in charge by SMS, and transmitting
short messages directly to mobile
phones around base stations.
Although people of the surveyed
village live without electricity, theyuse mobile phones. They charge
their phones from solar panels.

Since literacy rate of the villagers islow, there is a limit to disseminate
disaster information by text. “So oneof a Public Trust, CEGIS (Center
for Environmental and Geographic
Information Services) has developed
a flag system to imform the change
in the river level upstream without
text.”
We will continue with our research
activities, and hope to propose asystem as we follow the trends ofmobile phones.

Interview at CEGIS

Field survey at Manikganj

ICUS Newsletter Vol. 12, No.3

The First ACF Technical Board/ Technical Committees Meeting
By K. Nagai

Asian Concrete Federation (ACF)
held the First ACF Technical Board/Technical Committees Meeting in
Pattaya, Thailand, on October 26,
2012.
One of the aims of the committee
is to propose the design code ofreinforced concrete, Asian Concrete
Model Code (ACMC), in the Asian
region. The committee has takenover the activities of International
Committee on Concrete Model
Code for Asia (ICCMC), which wasestablished in 1994 and merged with
ACF in 2010. The Chairman is Dr.

Technical Board Meeting(photo by ACF)

T. Uomoto, former director of ICUS
and presently Chief Executive of
Public Works Research Institute.
Prof. Yokota, Visiting Professor,
and Associate Prof. Nagai, bothfrom ICUS, also joined the meetingas committee members.
The three technical committees
that constitute the board cover the
majority of concrete material andstructure fields as follows:
TC1: Design
TC2: Materials and Construction
TC3: MaintenanceThe discussion featured proposed
design codes, mainly based on the
country code, Japanese, Thailand
and Vietnamese codes. They will
be arranged to fit the concept of the
ACMC and published after approval
processes are completed.

ICUS Activities (Travel and Award)
October – December
TravelDate
Date
Sept.30Sept.30Oct.7
Oct.7
Oct.7-12
Oct.7-12
Oct.13-31
Oct.13-31
Oct.23-28
Oct.23-28

Name
Name
Dr. Kawasaki
Dr. Kawasaki
All ICUS staff
All
staff
Dr. ICUS
KawasakiDr. Nagai
KawasakiDr,Dr, Nagai

CountryCountry
ThailandThailandMongolia
Mongolia
ThailandThailandThailandThailandNov.3-10
Nov.3-10

Prof. Sawada
Prof. Sawada

BrazilBrazilDr. Kawasaki
Dr. Kawasaki
Prof. Sawada
Prof. Sawada
Dr. Kawasaki
Dr. Kawasaki
Prof. Meguro
Prof. Meguro
Dr. Numada
Dr. Numada

ThailandThailandCambodia
Cambodia
Myanmar
Myanmar
Korea
Korea
China
China

Prof. Sawada
Prof. Sawada
Dr. Kawasaki
Dr. Nagai
KawasakiDr.
Dr. Nagai
Nagai
Dr.
Dr.
Dr. Nagai
KawasakiDr.
Kawasaki
& Dr.
Kondo
&
Dr.
Kondo
Dr. Kawasaki
Dr. Kawasaki

Myanmar
MyanmarPhilippines
Philippines
China
China
Singapore
Singapore
Thailand &Thailand&Bangladesh
Bangladesh
Myanmar
MyanmarNov.7Nov.7Dec.25
Dec.25
Nov.12-18
Nov.12-18
Nov.12-15
Nov.12-15
Nov.13-15
Nov.13-15
Nov.16-19
Nov.16-19
Nov. 24Nov.
Dec.824Dec.8
Nov.25-28
Nov.25-28
Dec.3-4
Dec.3-4
Dec.5-7
Dec.5-7
Dec.5-12
Dec.5-12
Dec.17-20
Dec.17-20

Award
Date
Date
Oct.11
Oct.11

Nov.3
Nov.3
Dec.4
Dec.4
Dec.7
Dec.7
Dec.7
Dec.7

Name
Name
Ms. X.Xu (Kato Lab.)
Ms. X.Xu (Kato Lab.)
Ms. Yasmin Bhattacharya
Ms. Yasmin(KatoLab.) Bhattacharya(Kato Lab.)
Dr. Nagai
Dr. Nagai
Dr. Nagai
Dr.
Mr. Nagai
Saleem M. Umair
Mr.
SaleemM. Umair(MeguroLab.)(Meguro Lab.)

City
City
Bangkok
Bangkok
Ulaanbaatar
Ulaanbaatar
Bangkok
Bangkok
Bangkok
Bangkok
Iraty
Iraty
Curitiba
Curitiba
Foz do Iguacu
Foz do Iguacu
Bangkok
Bangkok
YangonYangonTaunggyiTaunggyi
Cheju
Cheju
HongKong
HongKong
YangonYangonManilaManilaHongKong
HongKong
Loei, Dhaka,
Loei,
Dhaka,
Manikganj
Manikganj
YangonYangonCategory
Category
Symposium
Symposium
Investigation
Investigation
SeminarSeminarInvestigation
Investigation
LectureLectureWorkshopWorkshop
Visit
Visit
Investigation
Investigation
Symposium
Symposium
Conference
Conference
LectureLectureVisit
Visit
Symposium
Symposium
WorkshopWorkshopHearing
Hearing
LectureLectureAwardward for YoungPoster PresentationAAward
Poster Presentation Award for YoungResearcher
Researcher
Best Poster Presentation Award
Best Poster Presentation Award
Best Paper Award
Best Paper Award
IPA Research Grand Award
4th
GrandforAward
4th IPA Research
Excellent
Paper Award
Young
Excellent
Paper Award for Young
Researchers
Researchers

Purpose
PurposeOperation of RNUS & lecture
Operation of RNUS & lecture
USMCA2013
USMCA2013
O
peration of RNUS & lectureO
peration of RNUProgram
S & lecture
AUN/SEED-Net
AUN/SEED-Net Program
Carbon Dynamics of Amazonian Forest
Carbon Dynamics of Amazonian Forest
Operation of RNUS & lecture
Operation of RNUS & lecture
Mekong River Basin
MekongRiver Basin University
Yangon Technological
YangonTechnological University
Lake Inlay
Lake
Inlay
Computational
Design in Engineering (CODE2012)
Computational
Designin Engineering
International
Conferenceon Civil(CODE2012)
Engineering and2ndnd
on Civil Engineering and
2 International
Building
MaterialsConference(CEBM2012)
Building Materials (CEBM2012)
Yangon Technological University
Yangon Technological University
World Bank
World
Bank
4th
th Asia-Pacific Young Researchers & Graduates Symposium
Asia-PacificYoung
Researchers & Graduates Symposium
IPA
International
Workshop
44th
4th IPA International Workshop
Disaster information dissemination system
Disaster information dissemination system
Yangon Technological University
Yangon Technological University
USMCA2013
USMCA2013

Organization
Organization

The 31stst Institute of Social Safety Science
The 31 Institute of Social Safety Science
Asia-Pacific Young Researchers & Graduates
The 4thThe
4th Asia-Pacific Young Researchers & Graduates
Symposium
Symposium Press-in Association
International
International
Press-inSymposium
Associationon Earthquake
The 1stst International
International
Symposiumon Earthquake
1
The
Engineering
Engineering

ICUS Newsletter Oct. to Dec. 2012

Page 7

Editor’s note…
It was the first USMCA symposium
to be held in a parliament house. We
are truly grateful to the Mongolian
government for allowing us totake part in such a memorable
occasion. I believe it to be a signof Mongolia’s high expectations
towards the symposium on urban
safety management.
My last visit to Mongolia was
about fifteen years ago. It was for the
purpose of conducting field survey
after the big forest fire in 1996. WhenI visited Mongolia this October, I

felt that everything had changed somuch and that I cannot compare mypast memories with the city as it istoday, particularly the Ger area. We
certainly hope that the outcome of
the USMCA symposium will leadto positive effects in the sustainable
development of Ulaanbaatar city.
It is fantastic that the series oflectures by ICUS professors havestarted at Yangon Technological
University (YTU) in Myanmar.
When I visited YTU three years
ago, there was no sound in thecampus. However, when I visited
YTU as the first professor of thelecture series in last December,the place was filled with happy
voices of young students. BothYTU and Mandalay Technological
University are very much interested
in human development through theireducation programs for engineers.
Both Mongolia and Myanmar
are developing extremely fast.
Appropriate safety management
should be introduced for the healthy
growth of cities. We do hope andwill be more than glad to continue
and strengthen the relations withthese countries.
By H. Sawada

USMCA 2013: Oct 9-11 in Hanoi, Vietnam
The 12th International Symposium on New Technologies for Urban Safety of Mega Cities in Asia (USMCA 2013)
will be held in Hanoi, Vietnam on October 9-11, 2013.

Deadlines: Abstract
June 15, 2013
		
Full Paper Sept. 1, 2013
Further information is available at the USMCA 2013 official website: http://www.usmca2013.vn/

International Center for Urban Safety Engineering (ICUS)
Institute of Industrial Science, The University of Tokyo
4-6-1 Komaba, Meguro-ku, Tokyo 153-8505, Japan
Tel: (+81-3) 5452-6472, Fax: (+81-3) 5452-6476
http://icus.iis.u-tokyo.ac.jp

The purpose of ICUS is to identify, investigate, and resolve issues towards therealization of sustainable urban systems for the prosperity and safety of society
considering challenging socio-economic problems.