PVS Evaluation mission report
Chinese Taipei

April
2019

Dr Barry Stemshorn (TL)
Dr Ana Afonso

OIE PVS Evaluation mission report_Chinese Taipei_January 2020

OIE PVS EVALUATIONREPORT OF THE
VETERINARY SERVICES OF
CHINESE TAIPEI(15-26 April 2019)

Dr Barry Stemshorn (Team Leader)
Dr Ana Afonso (Technical Expert)
Dr Thanawat Tiensin (Trainee Expert)

Disclaimer
This mission has been conducted by a Team of OIE PVS Pathway experts authorised by the
OIE. However, the views and the recommendations in this Report are not necessarily thoseof the OIE.
An Approval and confidentiality form is provided by the OIE along with this Report where thelevel of confidentiality can be selected by the country.

World Organisation for Animal Health12, rue de Prony
F-75017 Paris, FranceChinese Taipei

OIE PVS Evaluation – 2019

Contents
PART I: EXECUTIVE SUMMARY ...........................................................................................................1
I.1

Introduction ..................................................................................................................................1

I.2

Key findings of the evaluation ...................................................................................................1

I.3

Key recommendations ................................................................................................................8

PART II: CONDUCT OF THE EVALUATION ....................................................................................... 13
II.1

OIE PVS Tool: method, objectives and scope of the evaluation ......................................... 13

II.2

Context of the evaluation ......................................................................................................... 14

II.3

Organisation of the evaluation ................................................................................................ 31

III.1

Fundamental component I: Human, physical and financial resources .............................. 35

III.2

Fundamental component II: Technical authority and capability ......................................... 59

III.3

Fundamental component III: Interaction with stakeholders............................................... 118

III.4

Fundamental component IV: Access to markets ................................................................ 136

PART IV: APPENDICES ..................................................................................................................... 153
Appendix 1: Terrestrial Code references for Critical Competencies ........................................... 153
Appendix 2: Glossary of terms ........................................................................................................ 159
Appendix 3: Country information (geography, administration, agriculture and livestock) ....... 163
Governance ........................................................................................................................................ 163
Appendix 4: Timetable of the mission; sites/ facilities visited and list of persons met orinterviewed ......................................................................................................................................... 169
Appendix 5: Air travel itinerary ........................................................................................................ 223
Appendix 6: List of documents used in the PVS evaluation......................................................... 225
Appendix 7: Organisation of the OIE PVS evaluation of the VS of Chinese Taipei .................... 237

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List of acronyms, abbreviations and/or special terms
ADDC

Animal Disease Diagnostic Centre

ADIB

Animal Drug Inspection Branch (within AHRI)

AFA

Agriculture and Food Agency

AHIS

Animal Health Information System

AHRI

Animal Health Research Institute (within COA)

AMR

Anti-microbial Resistance

APEC

Asia-Pacific Economic Cooperation

APQC

Animal and Plant Quarantine Center (within BAPHIQ)

ASF

African Swine Fever

ATRI

Agricultural Technology Research Institute

BAPHIQ

Bureau of Animal and Plant Health Inspection and Quarantine (within COA)

BSE

Bovine spongiform encephalopathy

BSMI

Bureau of Standards, Metrology and InspectionCA

Competent Authority

CAS

Certified Agricultural Standards

CD/FB

Conservation Division, Forestry Bureau (within COA)

CIQS

Customs Immigration and Quarantine and Security

COA

Council of Agriculture (Executive Yuan 1)

CSF

Classical Swine Fever

CVL

Central Veterinary Laboratory

CVO

Chief Veterinary Officer

DAI

Department of Animal Industry (within COA)

DVS

Director of Veterinary Services – Chief Veterinary Officer (CVO)

EPA

Environmental Protection Agency

ESRI

Endemic Species Research Institute (within COA)

FA

Fisheries Agency (within COA)

FBO

Food Business Operators

FMD

Foot and Mouth Disease

GHP

Good Hygiene Practices

GMP

Good Manufacturing Practices

HPAI

Highly Pathogenic Avian influenza

IHRInternational Health Regulations

JEE

Joint External Evaluation

LADIAsLocal Animal Disease Inspection Authorities

1 The Executive Yuan is the executive branch of the government of Chinese Taipei.

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LADIA

Local Disease Control Centre

LGAD

Local Government Agriculture Department

LIMS

Laboratory Information Management System

LRI

Livestock Research Institute (within COA)

MIA

Meat Inspector Assistant

MOEA

Ministry of Economic Affairs

MOHW

Ministry of Health and Welfare (Executive Yuan)

MOST

Ministry of Science and Technology (Executive Yuan)

NAIF

National Animal Industry Foundation

NCHU

National Chung Hsing University

NCYU

National Chiayi University

NPUST

National Pingtung University of Science and Technology

NTU

National Taiwan University

OIE

World Organisation for Animal HealthPC

Physical Containment

PTNE

Professional and Technical National Examination

PVS

Performance of Veterinary Services

R&D

Research & Development

SH

Slaughterhouse

TCDC

Taiwan Centers for Disease Control (within MOHW)

TCSB

Toxic and Chemical Standards Bureau

TFDA

Taiwan Food and Drug Administration (within MOHW)

TSC

Technical Services Centre (within NAIF)

TVMA

Taiwan Veterinary Medical Association

TVMAHIA

Taiwan Veterinary Medicine and Healthcare Industry Association

VA

Veterinary Authorities

VIC

Veterinarian in Charge

VMI

Veterinary Meat Inspector

VMP

Veterinary Medicinal Products

VPH

Veterinary Public HealthVS

Veterinary Service(s)VSBVeterinary Statutory Body

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Acknowledgements
The OIE PVS Evaluation Team expresses its gratitude to the Government of Chinese Taipei
and to its Delegate to the OIE and Chief Veterinary Officer, Dr Wen-Jane Tu, for the invitation
to perform this OIE PVS Evaluation.
Special thanks are also due to Hsiao-Mei Chow (Lucy), Deputy Director, Animal HealthInspection Division who took on the challenging assignment of serving as the primary contact
point for the OIE PVS Team. Lucy assembled a team of staff from BAPHIQ and the Agricultural
Technology Research Institute (ATRI) who developed an excellent package of well
documented background information, accompanied the team throughout the mission fromarrival to departure, and replied with well documented replies to our many questions.
This team comprised:
From BAPHIQ:
•
•
•
•
•
•
•

Dr Hwa-Tsung Sung (Watson) - Consultant and former CVO
Huang-Lin Kao (Larry) - Deputy Director, Animal Quarantine Division
Yueh-Ping Lin (Augusta) - Section Chief, Animal Quarantine Division
Yu-Bin Chou (Eileen) - Specialist, Animal Health Inspection Division
Chung-Ching Lin - Specialist, Animal Health Inspection Division
Ying-Chen Tsai - Associate Specialist, Animal Health Inspection Division
Yi-An Chen (Venus) - Project Assistant, Animal Health Inspection Division

From ATRI:• Sheng-Fu Hsu - Researcher• Pao-Hsia Lin - Research Assistant• Ming-Chang Lee - Associate Researcher• Tsung-Hsun Hsieh - Research Assistant• Chu-Ching Hsu - Research Assistant• Chiung-Yin Hsu - Research AssistantSpecial thanks are offered to Venus for her daily guidance for the team during site visits, andto Chung-Ching Lin and colleagues for coordinating the compilation of documents and written
responses to our many questions during and following our mission.
The OIE PVS Team is also grateful to the many other public, not for profit and private sector
organizations agencies for receiving our Team during site visits, including their hospitality andgenerous sharing of information on their work.

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PART I: EXECUTIVE SUMMARY
I.1

Introduction

Following a request to the OIE from the Government of Chinese Taipei, an evaluation of theVeterinary Services based on the OIE PVS (Performance of Veterinary Services)
methodology was conducted in April 2019 by a team of three independent OIE certified PVS
evaluators.
The evaluation began with meetings in Taipei with Dr Wen-Jane Tu, Deputy Director General,
OIE Delegate and Chief Veterinary Officer of the Bureau of Animal Health and Plant
Inspection and Quarantine (BAPHIQ) and senior BAPHIQ officials. This was followed by ameeting with Minister Chi-Chung Chen and Deputy Minister Jin-Cheng Huang of the Councilof Agriculture, Executive Yuan. During this meeting African Swine Fever prevention andemergency preparedness were understandably identified as top national priorities.
A formal opening meeting was then held with the CVO, senior BAPHIQ officers and officials
from the Ministry of Health and Welfare and other interested public agencies 2.
The OIE PVS Team then visited sites and institutions of the public, private and not-for-profit
sectors in cities and rural areas of Chinese Taipei and discussed relevant matters withgovernment officials, public and private sector veterinarians, livestock producers, traders,consumers and other stakeholders.
The mission concluded at BAPHIQ headquarters in Taipei with a closing meeting at which theoverall findings of the evaluation were discussed with officials from the same agencies that
attended the opening meeting.
For those less familiar with Chinese Taipei, background information is provided in Appendix
3, including country maps, geographical and climate information, human and livestock
population and general economic data.

I.2

Key findings of the evaluation

I.2.A Human, physical and financial resources
Staffing
The Veterinary Services of Chinese Taipei enjoy a strong resource base of
professionals trained at internationally recognized veterinary colleges in the country
and overseas. Excellent veterinary educational establishments (VEE) provide a solid
foundation on which to strengthen a national programme to train veterinary
paraprofessionals in accordance with OIE Guidelines.
While the majority of public sector veterinary positions are filled, there is a need toassess current and future requirements including those of the private sector. New
demands to prevent and respond to emerging epizootics such as African Swine Fever(ASF), to manage Foot and Mouth Disease (FMD)-free zones, and to address antimicrobial resistance (AMR) and other issues in a collaborative One Health mode
require enhanced expertise and capacity at central levels as well as greater front-line
capacity at border points and for coverage of remote rural areas to meet the needs ofsmallholder farms.
2 Forestry Bureau, Animal Health Research Institute (AHRI), National Taiwan University (NTU), Animal Technology
Research Institute (ATRI), National Animal Industry Foundation (NAIF), Taiwan Food and Drug Administration(TFDA, Department of Animal Industry (DAI) and the Taiwan Center for Disease Control (TCDC).

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There is effective management of public sector veterinarians at national and regional
levels with formal job classifications, performance reviews, recruitment, rotation andpromotion procedures.
There is a formal and consistent approach to the training and management of veterinary
paraprofessionals (VPP) for meat inspection. A proposal has been developed tostrengthen the training, certification and supervision of veterinary assistants working in
the private sector. Continuing education is mandatory for veterinarians and somecategories of VPP in the public and private sectors.
Policy and Management
The national Veterinary Authority (BAPHIQ) has a direct and effective chain ofcommand within its own structure from headquarters to officers at border posts. For
animal health and food safety programmes an effective chain of command runs fromthe CVO to BAPHIQ’s regional branches and administratively separate local
governments and not-for-profit organizations (NPOs), notably the Agricultural
Technology Research Institute (ATRI) and the National Animal Industry Foundation(NAIF) that perform delegated functions.
Partnerships amongst veterinary and public health authorities are advanced. Theseoccur at the national, regional and local levels. Ongoing efforts are required to maintainand strengthen effective vertical and horizontal coordination amongst these agencies.
This is particularly important in the case of vertical coordination (chain of command) toaddress the challenges posed by the current epidemic of ASF in Asia 3, 4.
Regular evaluations guide plans to adapt to emerging priorities such as securing andmaintaining freedom from FMD, preventing an incursion of ASF, and implementing anational AMR action plan. BAPHIQ’s Deputy Director General (CVO) has proposed tostrengthen this work through systematic evaluations of policies and measures basedon risk assessment and international standards.
Technical Independence
Chinese Taipei has a strong foundation for technical independence with Civil Service
Ethics Offices at central and regional levels that serve as independent observers,
promote ethical behaviour and provide an ombudsman service. Senior BAPHIQ
officials understand the importance of “fearless advice” when briefing political leadersand make use of OIE standards and risk analysis in this work. Evidence of technicalindependence was noted on commissioned services such as meat inspection.
Rotations of top officials every three years also serves to maintain their independence.
Resources
The national Veterinary Authority (VA) enjoys exceptional infrastructure with someminor exceptions, and adequate operational and human resources funding. The same
appears to be true for local government agencies and the private sector based on
smaller samples. Strategies to adapt to national budget restraints, such as the use of
not-for-profit organizations (NPOs) to limit the number of public servants for functions
like meat inspection, laboratory services and training, have been successful to date.
Effective systems are in place for emergency funding and compensation.

3

The Economist May 25, 2019: https://www.economist.com/china/2019/05/25/african-swine-fever-hits-chinahome-of-half-the-worlds-pigs?frsc=dg%7Ce
4 The Guardian June 6, 2019: https://www.theguardian.com/world/2019/jun/06/millions-of-pigs-culled-across-asiaafrican-swine-fever-spreads-thailand-?CMP=Share_iOSApp_Other

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I.2.B Technical authority and capability
Laboratories
Chinese Taipei has internationally recognized science capacity in a world classlaboratory network. This is centred around the Animal Health Research Institute (AHRI)
and extends to research and service laboratories operated by ATRI and NAIF as wellas Animal Disease Diagnostic Centers at 4 veterinary colleges and sample collection
and screening laboratories operated by some Local Animal Disease Inspection
Authorities (LADIAs). A diagnostic reporting system feeds into an Animal Health
Information System that serves the national VA.
The laboratory network includes OIE reference centres for classical swine fever (CSF)
and two diseases of shrimp. Through AHRI, the network has established linkages withinternational reference laboratories on new and emerging diseases. AHRI operates an
Exotic Animal Disease Laboratory which is a strictly isolated and negative-pressurized
PC3 facility.
While funding is stable, in some instances, questions arose as to whether thelaboratories are used to full capacity. In assessing the full return on investment, onemust bear in mind the laboratory contributions to the national economy through theemployment and foreign exchange revenues from the commercialization of vaccines
they have developed. There is also a significant contribution to national economic andfood security in having the capacity to deal quickly with a major epizootic or food safety
crisis through surge capacity in laboratory testing and/or the rapid development ofvaccines that may not be commercially viable for production by the private sector.
All major laboratories have certified quality assurance programmes, including AHRI,
Animal Drug Inspection Branch (ADIB), ATRI, Animal Disease Diagnostic Centres(ADDC) and Technical Services Centre (TSC). Key exceptions are the laboratories
operated by LADIAs for screening tests (e.g. RBPT proficiency) and submission ofsamples to the main diagnostic laboratories.
Risk Analysis
Risk analysis is used to make decisions on imports and trade agreements with partners
as well as for the design of surveillance programmes. An Animal Health Information
System supports epidemiological analyses and disease control and prevention
measures. Committees of experts are used to develop independent science-based risk
assessments. Information on risk assessments is provided to stakeholders,international agencies and trading partners through publications, meetings and by
posting reports on a web site in the case of the Taiwan Food and Drug Administration(TFDA).
Quarantine and border security
There are well-resourced border control and quarantine services with extensive publicawareness and information campaigns. Effective coordination is practiced with several
agencies (Customs, TFDA, police, coast guard) to reduce import risks.
Animal Health
Chinese Taipei has effective passive and active disease surveillance and reporting
systems from the city/county/township to central levels, with good evidence of negativeand positive reports being generated and disseminated, including to the public healthsector and other stakeholders and internationally through the OIE. Web-based
reporting systems are currently operational and user-friendly. Active surveillance
programs are undertaken for rabies, FMD, Highly Pathogenic Avian influenza (HPAI),
tuberculosis, brucellosis and Bovine Spongiform Encephalopathy (BSE).

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OIE PVS Evaluation – 2019

Adequate legislative provisions and financial arrangements exist for disease
prevention, control, and eradication, including compensation. The VA promotes farmer
awareness and cooperation (e.g. recent cases of FMD, ASF and HPAI).
Disease prevention and control systems address priority areas including:•

ASF: Priorities are prevention and emergency preparedness, including
simulation exercises. Questions were raised about risks posed by assembly ofpigs at auction markets and swill feeding despite control measures in place.
There were also questions about whether surveillance might be strengthened
for smallholder farms and whether the VA should rely on health declarations
from farmers rather than certificates from veterinarians for livestock movement.

•

HPAI: Questions arose about surveillance and control for smallholder farms andwhether a review of prevention and control programmes might be warranted.

•

FMD: Good progress has been made on zoning and work is underway tocomplete and maintain recognition of freedom without vaccination.

•

Rabies: Effective inter-agency collaboration and good science havedocumented a previously unknown presence of rabies in ferret badgers.
Surveillance, vaccination, dog population control, and awareness campaigns
are in place.

Food Safety
Regulations, authorization and supervision procedures for establishments producing
food of animal origin are defined and sufficient resources are allocated. Good
coordination exists between BAPHIQ and TFDA at central and local levels but could
be further strengthened. There is a need to simplify procedures and to continue
developing inter-operative information systems to apply one health approaches toimprove public health.
Ante- and post-mortem inspection meets international standards at all
slaughterhouses. Active investigations and a penalty system are in place to combat
Illegal slaughtering.
NPOs (ATRI and NAIF) are “commissioned” under a formal delegation process to
conduct slaughterhouse meat inspection training and operations and related foodsafety activities. This provides technical and scientific resources without compromisingtechnical independence while limiting the number of public service positions required.
Veterinary Drugs/Biologicals and AMR
A comprehensive regulatory framework exists for registration and inspection ofveterinary medicinal products and to control their use. Chinese Taipei has capacity todevelop and produce vaccines and an appropriate cold chain. These are important
assets if emergency vaccination is required and support reduced use of antimicrobials.
Growth promoters are being delisted and the policy is supported by industry.
Development of a comprehensive pharmacovigilance programme would complement
existing registration and other controls on veterinary medicinal products.
A task force involving several government agencies and private stakeholders is in place
as well as initial baseline studies for control of AMR. A National AMR Action Plan has
been drafted but needs to be finalised.

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OIE PVS Evaluation – 2019

Animal Feed
A comprehensive system is in place to register and inspect all feed production
establishments, including “on farm” feed production. In addition, chemical andmicrobiological controls are in place for feed produced in the country or imported. The
VA, other agencies and contracted NPOs play roles in feed safety and good
coordination exists. Swill feeding of pigs poses a disease risk despite controls in place.
Identification & Traceability
All animal farms are given unique identifiers by the VA. The VA has access to an
information system that provides GPS coordinates and other information on animal
farms. Cattle, sheep and goats have unique ID and pigs are given serial numbers at
auction or prior to slaughter. Movement of poultry to slaughter requires a healthcertificate from a veterinarian, while for livestock only a health declaration is required
from the farmer raising questions noted previously. The official VA requirements aresupplemented by additional private standards.
The use of new smart technology for labelling and traceability of food products is very
impressive and comprehensive. Further experience with the recall of products to test
the system’s effectiveness is needed.
Animal Welfare
Animal welfare regulations are in place for production, transport, and slaughter oflivestock and poultry. Actions are now required to strengthen implementation of theseregulations and to monitor performance. Additional animal husbandry welfare
standards are being driven by market demand. A program of training and certificationof animal handlers is in place.

I.2.C Interaction with stakeholders
Communication, consultation & joint programs
The VA/VS have effective communication with all stakeholders using strategies fordifferent audiences that are professionally developed. Social media is used to share
information, raise awareness and consult stakeholders and the general public. Crisis
communication is defined with clear procedures and coordination amongst the various
governmental agencies. Education, especially of the younger generation, on issues
such as conservation of biodiversity is remarkable. These measures create strong
stakeholder engagement and public support.
Poultry and livestock associations are well organized and influential. The VA consults
them frequently and there are joint policies. Care is required and exercised to ensurethat the VA maintains its technical independence.
Delegation to NPOs (ATRI and NAIF) for functions ranging from risk assessment tomeat inspection and residue monitoring is an effective use of public private
partnerships and enhances engagement of stakeholders.
Management of the Veterinary Profession
An effective certification/licencing regime exists for veterinarians. Certification ofveterinarians is done by BAPHIQ following a national accreditation exam andsubsequent licensing requires membership in the local veterinary medical association.
Prior to 2009 certification of veterinary assistants was also performed by BAPHIQ and
LADIAs on the basis of their education, a national exam and work experience. Work
has been proposed to re-establish an accreditation regime and to strengthen the
training and supervision of Veterinary Assistants.

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The Taiwan Veterinary Medical Association is the accreditation body for mandatory
continuing education. A separate education and licencing regime for veterinary
paraprofessionals is operated by ATRI and NAIF for meat inspection.

I.2.D Access to markets
Legislation
Comprehensive legislation and supporting regulations and procedures exist and are
enforced for most areas of the veterinary domain. Questions arose about whether there
are sufficient legal specialists for updating of legislation and to support compliancepromotion and enforcement of priority programmes (e.g. ASF, HPAI, FMD, AMR).
Trade
The VA actively participates in meetings with international organizations and trading
partners and implements evolving standards. International certification procedures
require vertical and horizontal collaboration amongst multiple agencies.
Plans exist to complete the OIE process for recognition of FMD free zones without
vaccination.
Compartmentalisation should be developed to protect food security and markets from
disease outbreaks.
Enhanced audit/evaluation measures may assist to ensure the effectiveness of zones
and compartments if and when established.

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Table 1: Summary of OIE PVS evaluation results
PVS summary results of Chinese Taipei
I. HUMAN, PHYSICAL AND FINANCIAL RESOURCES
I.1.A. Staffing: Veterinarians and other professionals
I.1.B. Staffing: Veterinary paraprofessionals
I.2.A. Competency and education of veterinarians
I.2.B. Competency and education of veterinary paraprofessionals
I.3. Continuing education
I.4. Technical independence
I-5. Planning, sustainability and management of policies and programmes
I-6.A. Internal coordination (chain of command)
I-6.B. External coordination (including the One Health approach)I-7. Physical resources and capital investment
I-8. Operational funding
I-9. Emergency funding
II. TECHNICAL AUTHORITY AND CAPABILITY
II-1.A. Access to veterinary laboratory diagnosis
II-1.B. Suitability of the national laboratory infrastructures
II-1.C. Laboratory quality management systems
II-2. Risk analysis and epidemiology
II-3. Quarantine and border security
II-4.A. Passive surveillance, early detection and epidemiological outbreak
investigation
II-4.B. Active surveillance and monitoring
II-5. Emergency preparedness and response
II-6. Disease prevention, control and eradication
II-7.A. Regulation, inspection, authorisation and supervision of
establishments for production and processing of food of animal origin
II-7.B. Ante- and post mortem inspection at slaughter facilities andassociated premises
II-8. Veterinary medicines and biologicals
II-9. Antimicrobial Resistance and Antimicrobial Use
II-10. Residue testing, monitoring and management
II-11. Animal feed safety
II-12.A. Premises, herd, batch and animal identification, tracing andmovement control
II-12.B. Identification, traceability and control of products of animal origin
II-13. Animal welfare
III. INTERACTION WITH STAKEHOLDERS
III-1. Communication
III-2. Consultation with stakeholders
III-3. Official representation and international collaboration
III-4. Accreditation/authorisation/delegation
III-5. Regulation of the profession by the Veterinary Statutory Body (VSB)
III-6. Participation of producers and other stakeholders in joint programmes
III-7. Veterinary clinical services
IV. ACCESS TO MARKETS
IV-1.A. Integrity and coverage of legislation and regulations
IV-1.B. Implementation of and compliance with legislation and regulations
IV-2. International harmonisation
IV-3. International certification
IV-4. Equivalence and other types of sanitary agreements
IV-5. Transparency
IV-6. Zoning
IV-7. Compartmentalisation
NA: Not Applicable

7

Result
2019
5
3
5
3
4
5
4
4
4
5
5
5
5
5
3
5
5
4
4
5
5
5
5
4
2
5
4
5
4
4
5
5
5
5
4
5
5
4
4
5
4
4
5
5
NA

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OIE PVS Evaluation – 2019

Key recommendations

I.3.A Human, physical and financial resources
To improve their human, physical and financial resources, the VS should consider thefollowing recommendations:Staffing
 Commission a thorough study on evolving workforce needs 5 to inform BAPHIQ,
the Taiwan Veterinary Medical Association (TVMA) and the veterinary
education establishments (VEE) of current and future needs for veterinarians
and veterinary paraprofessionals (VPP) in both the public and private sectors.
The study must include coverage of remote rural areas and smallholder farms
and take account of the need to address emerging regional and globalpressures such as ASF, zoonoses, AMR and food safety.
 Priority should be assigned to a national initiative to develop a “Veterinary
Medical Assistant System” that would establish standardized training,accreditation and supervision for Veterinary Assistants, and which should beconsistent with OIE Guidelines 6.
Policy and Management
 Consistent with a perspective articulated by the CVO, broaden and strengthen
the use of evaluations and audits to systematically review the effectiveness andefficiency of programmes using approaches such as “value for money audits” 7.
Priority programme areas would include the vertical coordination (chain ofcommand), disease prevention and control, food safety, border operations andlaw enforcement.
 Continue to strengthen systems and activities that support an effective chain ofcommand and collaboration amongst public health, animal health, and foodinspection sectors at both local and national levels to enhance food safety andimprove outbreak investigation capabilities. Measures to consider include
formal reviews under the afore-mentioned enhanced audit/evaluation regime.
Resources
 Maximize the return on investment from Chinese Taipei’s national science andmanagement capacity by:• continuing to develop commercially viable products such as a Porcine
Reproductive and Respiratory Syndrome (PRRS) vaccine based on apatented technology that has generated employment and foreignexchange,• using Chinese Taipei’s vaccine certification and production capacity toensure that the country is positioned to be an early adopter of much

5 An example of such a study is available from Australia - see: https://www.voced.edu.au/content/ngv%3A77334

and https://www.voced.edu.au/content/ngv%3A77335
6 OIE Guidelines for Veterinary Paraprofessionals – see:

http://www.oie.int/fileadmin/Home/eng/Support_to_OIE_Members/pdf/A_Competence.pdf
andhttp://www.oie.int/fileadmin/Home/eng/Support_to_OIE_Members/pdf/AF-CoreCV-ANG.pdf
7 Value for Money Audits” - see: http://publications.gc.ca/collections/Collection/FA3-30-2000E.pdf andhttp://www.auditor.on.ca/en/content/annualreports/arreports/en16/v1_300en16.pdf

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OIE PVS Evaluation – 2019needed products such as an effective ASF vaccine if/when one becomes
available 8,• offering international support in veterinary science and programmemanagement and leadership to less developed countries throughinternational development programmes, including possible collaboration
with OIE.
 Incorporate cost-benefit analysis as appropriate into high level decision-making
including for major capital investments.

I.3.B Technical authority and capability
Laboratories
To improve their technical authority, capability and impact, the VS should consider thefollowing recommendations: As noted above, the impressive scientific and diagnostic capacity of thisnetwork could be used to support less developed countries a) for laboratory
diagnostic work and b) for the management and operation of a diagnostic
network spanning central and local governments.
 Review laboratory testing programmes to balance costs and workload while
maintaining the technical excellence required to develop and apply vaccine andtesting methods and to provide surge capacity for responses to national
emergencies.
 LADIA laboratories that provide veterinary services should participate in thenational quality management systems and be provided with the required
human, training and technical resources.
Risk Analysis
 Consider enhancing capacity for advanced training on risk analysis.
 Continue to apply risk analysis and cost-benefit analyses in reviewing disease
control and food safety programmes.
 BAPHIQ should consider publishing risk assessment reports on a website
similar to the policy and process adopted by TFDA.
Quarantine and Border Security
 Review and where warranted improve the inspection facilities and sample
collection areas at warehouses to preserve an effective cold chain.
 Include border operations in the proposed enhanced audit and evaluation
approaches.
Animal Health Review and enhance the Animal Health Information System (AHIS) to provide
a fully integrated information system operating in real-time to capture thereporting and investigation of suspect diseases and the results of diagnostic
testing.
 Assess risks, and as required strengthen controls and surveillance at all(including small-scale) abattoirs, livestock markets, and poultry wholesalemarkets with clear guidelines for sampling of animals rejected on the basis of
8 Reports on ASF vaccine research- see: https://www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2019/05/190507110426.htm andhttps://www.reuters.com/article/us-china-swinefever-vaccine-idUSKCN1SU0L4

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poor health, including veterinary presence at livestock and poultry markets witha focus on inspection and passive surveillance.
 Ensure that active surveillance sampling plans cover the full spectrum of farmand production types, including smallholder farms.
 Consider reviewing the cost-benefit of undertaking high levels of active
surveillance for endemic diseases of limited economic impact.
 Review current HPAI prevention/control programmes to define objectives andrequired tools and measures.
 Review the reliance on farmers’ declarations for livestock movement andconsider adding information from movement documents (health certificates forpoultry and health declaration for livestock) to the animal health management
system.
 Consider establishing a training/simulation programme on emergency
preparedness and response for all staff including top national officials and local
authorities as well as stakeholders according to their roles. Similarly, consider
additional contingency plans for key risks including possible emerging diseases.
Food Safety
 Strengthen risk-based sampling and inspection plans for food business
operators.
 Develop baseline studies of foodborne pathogens on farms.
 Continue to strengthen coordination and sharing of information between the
Taiwan Centers for Disease Control (TCDC), TFDA, and Council of Agriculture(COA) to facilitate rapid identification and control of foodborne illness andprevention of food contamination and disease outbreaks.
 Assess the risks for cross contamination of carcasses by automatic eviscerationand inspection by cutting vs palpation.
Veterinary Drugs/Biologicals and AMR
 Develop and implement a pharmacovigilance programme.
 Further employ technical capacity to support regional and international researchand development of Veterinary Medicinal Products (VMP).
 Approve and implement the National AMR action plan.
 Work to further improve links amongst surveillance systems for foodborne
pathogens and AMR organisms. Review robustness of the surveillance plan for
AMR in the animal sector (prior to slaughterhouses) and consider integrating
human health information.
Animal Feed Assess and eliminate risks of swill feeding through policies to carefully manageand eradicate the practice.
Identification & Traceability
 Conduct periodic audits on the effectiveness of identification and traceability
procedures, in coordination with TFDA.
 Conduct simulation exercises and/or a review of a relevant food safety incident
to verify the effectiveness of traceback/traceforward and product recall
protocols.

10Chinese Taipei

OIE PVS Evaluation – 2019

Animal Welfare Continue implementing animal welfare programmes, including action toaddress non-compliance issues and the establishment of regular audits andreviews.

I.3.C Interaction with stakeholders
To improve their interaction with stakeholders, the VS should consider the following
recommendations:
Communication, consultation & joint programs
 As the veterinary authorities actively seek input from interested parties on policy
issues it is important to ensure that the views of smaller producers are also
captured.
 Chinese Taipei has the technical competency and capacity to provide animportant contribution to animal health and welfare and should continue tostrengthen its international collaboration activities to this end.
 Priority should continue to be assigned to training personnel while audit results
and surveillance inspection findings should continue to be analysed to guidepolicies and procedures.
Management of the Veterinary Profession
 Establish educational programmes, a certification regime and rules andresponsibilities for the regulation of veterinary paraprofessionals in accordancewith OIE standards.

I.3.D Access to markets
To improve their access to markets, the VS should consider the following
recommendations:
Legislation
 Develop/amend legislation to set standards for and require the registration ofveterinary paraprofessionals.
 Ensure sufficient legal professionals are available by drawing on resources of
COA to keep current the Acts and regulations required by the VA.
 Consider strengthening audit and evaluation of compliance promotion andenforcement for priority programmes such as ASF, HPAI, FMD and AMR.
Trade
 Seek ways to enhance the coordination of work and the flow of information
amongst inspection agencies for import/export certification and consider ecertification.
 Enhance engagement of interested parties if and when required for expanded
trade in the region and more broadly.
 Maintain the current FMD free zones with vaccination and proceed with plans
to establish and seek official recognition for an FMD free zone without
vaccination. To that end:
• Ensure that staffing at field level and movement control posts is adequate
to support an FMD-free zone without vaccination, and11

Chinese Taipei

OIE PVS Evaluation – 2019

• Consider enhanced audit/evaluation of prevention and control measures
to support the FMD free zones.
 A policy and regulations for compartmentalisation should be established toprotect domestic food production and export markets and to prevent and control
disease spread in the event of an emergency outbreak of a disease such as
ASF.

12

Chinese Taipei

OIE PVS Evaluation – 2019

PART II: CONDUCT OF THE EVALUATIONAt the request of the Government of Chinese Taipei, the Director General of the OIE appointed
an independent OIE PVS team consisting of Dr Barry Stemshorn (Team Leader), Dr Ana
Afonso (Technical expert), and Dr Thanawat Tiensin (Trainee Expert) to undertake anevaluation of the veterinary services of Chinese Taipei. The evaluation was carried out from
15-26 April 2019.
The evaluation was carried out with close reference to the OIE standards contained in
Chapters 3.1., 3.2., 3.3. and 3.4., and in other chapters as relevant, of the OIE Terrestrial
Animal Health Code (the Terrestrial Code), using an interim version of the OIE PVS Tool - 7th
Edition, 2019 9 to guide the process. Relevant Terrestrial Code references are referenced foreach Critical Competency in Appendix 1.
This report identifies the strengths and weaknesses of the veterinary services of Chinese
Taipei as referenced to the OIE standards. The report also makes some generalrecommendations for actions to improve performance.

II.1

OIE PVS Tool: method, objectives and scope of the evaluation

To assist countries to establish their current level of performance, form a shared vision,
establish priorities and carry out strategic initiatives, the OIE provides an evaluation tool called
the OIE Tool for the Evaluation of Performance of Veterinary Services (OIE PVS Tool 10) which
comprises four fundamental components:

Human, physical and financial resources
Technical authority and capability
Interaction with stakeholders
Access to markets

These four fundamental components encompass 45 Critical Competencies, for each of which
five qualitative levels of advancement are described. For each Critical Competency, a list ofsuggested sources of verification was used by the OIE PVS Team to help determine the levelof advancement.
A glossary of terms is provided in Appendix 2.
The report follows the structure of the OIE PVS Tool incorporating the descriptions and levelsof advancement for each Critical Competency.
The objective and scope of the OIE PVS Evaluation includes all aspects of the veterinary
domain relevant to the OIE Terrestrial Animal Health Code and the quality of Veterinary
Services.

9 The final version of the OIE PVS Tool - 7th Edition has been published in April 2019. The interim version used for

the PVS Evaluation mission in Chinese Taipei is very similar to the final version and the results of the mission
should be considered as valid and comparable as those from missions undertaken with the final version.
10 Available at http://www.oie.int/solidarity/pvs-evaluations/oie-pvs-tool/13

Chinese Taipei

II.2

OIE PVS Evaluation – 2019

Context of the evaluation

II.2.A Availability of data relevant to the evaluation
A list of documents received by the OIE PVS Team before and during the PVS
Evaluation mission is provided in Appendix 6. All documents and pictures listed inAppendix 6 are referenced to relevant critical competencies and provide material
evidence for the levels of advancement and related findings.
The following table provides an overview of the availability of the main categories of
documents or data needed for the evaluation, taking into account the requirements set
out in the OIE Terrestrial Code.
Table 2: Summary of data available for evaluation
Data available
in the publicdomainMain document categories
 Animal census:
o at 1st administrative levelo at 2nd administrative levelo at 3rd administrative levelo per animal species
o per production systems
 Organisations chartso Central level of the VSo 2nd level of the VS 3rd level of the VS Job descriptions in the VS
o Central levels of the VSo 2nd level of the VS 3rd level of the VS
 Legislations, regulations, decrees …
o Animal health and public healtho Veterinary practiceo Veterinary statutory bodyo Veterinary medicines and biologicals
o Official delegation
 Veterinary census
o Global (public, private, veterinary, paraprofessional)o Per levelo Per function
 Census of logistics and infrastructure Strategic plan(s) Operational plan(s) Activity reports
 Financial reports
 Animal health status reports
 Evaluation reports
 Procedures, registers, records, letters …

Dataaccessible
only on siteor on request

x
x
x
x
x
x
x
x
x
x
x
x
x
x
x
x
x
x
x
x
x
x
x
x
x
x
x

14

Data
not available

Chinese Taipei

OIE PVS Evaluation – 2019

II.2.B General organisation of the Veterinary Services
1.

Competent authorities for animal health in Chinese Taipei

The Council of Agriculture (COA) is the competent authority of the agricultural affairs
in Chinese Taipei. The Department of Animal Industry in the Council is responsible forthe management and protection of animals. Under the Council, the Bureau of Animal
and Plant Health Inspection and Quarantine (BAPHIQ) is responsible for veterinary
administration including inspection and quarantine of animal and plant health; AHRI is
responsible for animal disease diagnosis, setting up standard for disease diagnosis,
evaluation of testing ability of other laboratories for disease diagnosis, and assay foranimal health products; and the Forestry Bureau is responsible for wildlife management
and conservation.
Important non-veterinary service authorities in the Central Government under the
Ministry of Health and Welfare are the Center for Disease Control (CDC) which is
responsible for zoonoses and the Food and Drug Administration (TFDA) which is incharge of hygiene and food safety. Under COA the Department of Animal Industry (DAI)
is responsible for regulation and control of animal feed while aspects related withmedicated animal feed are under BAPHIQ’s responsibility.
Figure 1: Executive Yuan: Council of Agriculture and Ministry of Health and Welfare

15Chinese Taipei

OIE PVS Evaluation – 2019

Central and regional levels of the national Veterinary Authority (BAPHIQ)
The headquarters of the national Veterinary Authority is BAPHIQ 11 (please refer toFigure 2). The Bureau has 1 Director General, 2 Deputy Director Generals (one eachfor animal and plant affairs), 1 Chief Secretary, 6 Divisions (Animal Quarantine Division,
Animal Health Inspection Division, Meat Inspection Division, Plant Quarantine Division,
Plant Protection Division, and Planning Division), 1 Animal and Plant Quarantine
Center, and 4 administrative offices (Secretariat, Accounting office, Personnel office,and Civil Service Ethics Office).
Figure 2: Organisational structure of the national Veterinary Authority BAPHIQ

The

main

veterinary

responsibilities

of

the

BAPHIQ

Headquarters

are:

•

Establish, implement, and oversee policies, regulations, programmes, andprojects concerning the health inspection and quarantine of animals, inspectionof livestock and poultry slaughtered, medicines and sanitary materials foranimals, and veterinary public health issues;•

Establish, implement, and oversee policies, regulations, programmes, andprojects concerning the management of the animal health inspection andquarantine personnel and veterinarians;•

Research and development of technology and technical services on animal
health inspection and quarantine; establish, implement, and supervise
techniques, procedures, and methods concerning health inspection andquarantine of animals and the management of livestock and poultryslaughtered;•

Epidemic reporting, information collection, risk analysis, technical consultation,and consultation services for domestic and foreign health inspection andquarantine of animals and the management of livestock and poultryslaughtered;

11 Address: 9F., No. 100, Sec. 2, Heping W. Rd., Zhongzheng Dist., Taipei City

16

Chinese Taipei

OIE PVS Evaluation – 2019•

Inspection and treatment of imported and exported animals, and products oflivestock, poultry, and aquatic animals;•

Issuance of certificates, inspection, management, and supervision forimportation and exportation of animals and their products;•

Management and training of the personnel for animal health inspection andquarantine, as well as livestock and poultry slaughtered;•

Other issues concerning the health inspection and quarantine of animals andmanagement of livestock and poultry slaughtered.

In addition, the Bureau has 4 branches (the Keelung Branch, Hsinchu Branch,
Taichung Branch, and Kaohsiung Branch) near the international airports and harbours,with a total of 17 inspection stations (Figure 3).
Figure 3: Location of BAPHIQ Headquarters, 4 Branches, and 17 Inspection
Stations

17Chinese Taipei

OIE PVS Evaluation – 2019

Figure 4: Organisation chart of Hsinchu Branch 1 of 4 BAPHIQ Branches

The main veterinary responsibilities of the Branches are:•

The quarantine of the importing and exporting animals, and their products aswell as other quarantine items;•

Oversight of livestock and poultry slaughter operations and inspection services;•

Issuance, inspection and management of the quarantine certificate of animals
and their products; the meat inspection certification of livestock and poultryslaughtered, and the inspection/certification of imported and exported meats;•

Inspection at the production sites for exporting animals and their products;•

Detection and reporting of animal diseases and information on livestock andpoultry slaughtered;•

Assist in supervising the activities for health inspection on animals by the local
agricultural competent authority;•

Other issues concerning health inspection and quarantine of animals; and the
management of livestock and poultry slaughtered.

Information systems
1.

Animal Health Information System (AHIS) (https://ahis.baphiq.gov.tw/app/)

AHIS serves BAPHIQ, LADIAs and their laboratories. A contact in each LADIA has
been assigned to collect health information based on the diagnostic results fromlaboratories to provide the current disease information and early warning informationfor BAPHIQ and neighbouring LADIAs. This system is restricted to BAPHIQ, LADIAs
and Laboratories personnel.

18Chinese Taipei

OIE PVS Evaluation – 2019

Sub-systems of AHIS are described as follows (PME1):
a. Animal disease reporting system
For the LADIAs to report current animal disease information, record the survey andreceive testing results for the epidemiological studies. The system, built in 1997, hasbeen continuously improved for the past decade. It facilitates the information exchange
among BAPHIQ and LADIAs.
b. Farm Integrated Information management system
Built to integrate/ synchronize the farm information in 4 sub-systems of AHIS, which
are:i) Animal disease geographic information system,
Enable BAPHIQ and LADIAs to understand the geographic location of the infected
premises (IP). All animal production units are registered. Lists of livestock or poultry
farms located in control area of the IP can be taken from the system. Movement control
and further epidemiological investigation can be implemented.
ii) Animal disease surveillance information management system,
Lists sampled livestock farms, the testing results and other relevant information. The
surveillance data on AI including migratory birds, Rabies, FMD, and other major animal
diseases are recorded.
iii) Livestock farm’s disease inspection Information management system
The national survey data of livestock farms are recorded and updated regularly. Thissystem can provide basic information of livestock farms for disease inspection, whichfacilitate follow-up data analysis, tracking and application.
iv) FMD vaccination management system.
This system Integrates with “livestock farm’s disease inspection Information
management system” and “pig farm information” from NAIF. LADIAs can record thecurrent information on the distribution and vaccination of FMD.
c. Sheep pox and goat pox vaccination information system
To prevent the spread of an outbreak of sheep pox and goat pox in 2009, a vaccination
programme was established. LADIAs keep records of vaccinations and manage thevaccine stocks.
d. Auction market hygiene and health management system
Built for implementing FMD control measures in the field, namely auction market’s selfdefence and disinfection procedures, this system simplifies communication andreporting. Auction markets and slaughterhouses enter information on hygiene
management and animal health conditions in the slaughterhouse, and the information
concerning FMD immune Certificate collection, false case reporting and handling.
e. Rabies vaccination management system
The system was built to support rabies vaccination and understanding of the distributionof dogs and cats in each Municipality/City/County. Information on pet animal owners
and their pet’s information on rabies vaccination can be retrieved. The monthly and19

Chinese Taipei

OIE PVS Evaluation – 2019

annual statistical data including the total number of vaccinated and unvaccinated petsin each Municipality/City/County can be generated automatically. This information canbe used for LADIAs and BAPHIQ to track and control the rabies vaccination status.
f. Tracking management system for dogs and cats in and out of outlying islands
To reduce the probability of rabies invasion from mainland China through the "MiniThree-Links" policy channel, it is necessary to strengthen the management andmonitoring of dogs and cats entering and leaving the outlying islands. This systemprovides the basic information of dogs and cats in and out of Kinmen, Matsu andPenghu areas including their residences, vaccination status and photos for tracking
management.
k. Management system for cattle selling to Chinese Taipei from Kinmen
The system is built in accordance with the “Directions of fresh boneless beef selling toChinese Taipei from Kinmen” and “Directions of fresh bovine offal and its products
selling to Chinese Taipei from Kinmen” to control the necessary procedures for sale ofcattle carcasses and products to Chinese Taipei. The Kinmen County Government and
BAPHIQ can file and manage the cattle information, disease testing results, batch
number of beef cuts and packaging, quantity etc.

2. Food Safety Information Systems
There are two important but separate food safety information platforms (E110):a)
Meat Inspection Information Web: Also known as the Livestock and poultryslaughtering and meat inspection management system, it is managed by the Meat
Inspection Division of BAPHIQ. Its components and users are described in Figure 5.
The web link is: https://miweb.baphiq.gov.tw/sso/SSOlogin.asp
A user password is required for access.
b)
Food Safety Cloud Platform: This is managed by TFDA and the Food Safety
Office.
Its components and users are described in Figure 6.
The web link is: https://www.fda.gov.tw/tc/fdadobook/index.html

20Chinese Taipei

OIE PVS Evaluation – 2019

Figure 5: Meat Inspection Information Web (E129a)Figure 6: Food Safety Cloud Platform (E129b)

21

Chinese Taipei

OIE PVS Evaluation – 2019Local Veterinary Authorities
There are twenty-two Local Animal Disease Inspection Authorities (LADIAs). Theirlocations are shown in Figure 7 and a typical organization chart is presented in Figure
8.
Figure 7: Locations of the 22 LADIAs

Figure 8: Organisation chart of Pintung Local Animal Disease Inspection Authority

22Chinese Taipei

OIE PVS Evaluation – 2019

Laboratories
Government Laboratories
The AHRI is the national veterinary laboratory responsible for a wide range ofdiagnostic and research activities on animal health and veterinary biologics. Throughits Animal Drugs Inspection Branch, AHRI is mainly responsible for the inspection andassay of animal health products.
Eighteen of 20 Local Animal Disease Inspection Authorities (LADIAs) operatelaboratories; the exceptions are Lienchiang County and Chiayi City. These laboratories
collect samples and perform pathological and microbiological screening tests fordiseases. In addition, 5 LADIAs (Changhua, Yunlin, Chiayi, Tainan, and Kaohsiung)
have fish disease diagnostic centres.
The ATRI performs screening tests on quarantined imported animals for serum
antibodies against Foot-and-mouth disease and is responsible for monitoring microbial
contamination and antimicrobial resistance on slaughterhouses and farms.
Animal Disease Diagnostic Centers (ADDCs) in Departments of Veterinary Medicine atfour Universities conduct screening tests for Avian Influenza and African Swine Fever.
The Department of Veterinary Medicine, College of Veterinary Medicine, National
Chung Hsing University and the Department of Veterinary Medicine, College of
Veterinary Medicine, National Pingtung University of Science and Technology are
responsible for rabies screening tests.
Figure 9: Local Veterinary Authorities and Laboratories

23

Chinese Taipei

OIE PVS Evaluation – 2019

Figure 10: AHRI and Laboratory Network – with sample and reporting pathways

Laboratories authorized by the Veterinary Authority are operated by:a. The National Animal Industry Foundation with its:•

Technical Service Centre and•Poultry Health Centres located in 4 universities: Northern Division Laboratory at
National Taiwan University (NTU), Central Division Laboratory at National Chung
Hsing University (NCHU), Chianan Division Laboratory at National Chiayi
University (NCYU) and Southern Division Laboratory at National Pingtung
University of Science and Technology (NPUST)

b. The Agricultural Technology Research Institute
There are three OIE Reference laboratories:•

Hog cholera reference lab in Hog Cholera Division, AHRI•

Shrimp White Spot Disease and shrimp Acute Hepatopancreas Necrosis Diseaseat National Cheng Kung University.

There are ADDCs in Departments of Veterinary Medicine in 4 Universities: NTU, NCHU,
NCYU and NPUST.

24

Chinese Taipei

OIE PVS Evaluation – 2019

Figure 11: Distribution of official and private laboratories in Chinese Taipei

1.

Competent authorities for Food Safety in Chinese Taipei

The “Consumer Protection Act” and the “Act Governing Food Safety and Sanitation”
provide the food safety regulatory framework implemented by several government
agencies, including:1) The Executive Yuan Office of Food Safety that was established following amajor food safety scandal in 2014 12 . It operates at the highest level ofgovernment to coordinate the work of central and local authorities to preventand handle major food safety incidents.
2) TFDA is the national competent authority for food safety administration andinspection services under the “Act Governing Food Safety and Sanitation”. It
cooperates with local governments on food safety issues and inspections andcertifies fish products exported to the United States.
3) The Toxic and Chemical Substances Bureau (TCSB) convenes expert groupmeetings on chemical hazards in food according to the “Toxic Chemical
Substances Control Act”.

12 https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Food_safety_incidents_in_Taiwan#2014:Gutter_oil_incident25Chinese Taipei

OIE PVS Evaluation – 2019

Figure 12: Roles and relationships of official organizations in Food Safety

2.

Veterinary Education System

Five universities offer training in Veterinary Medicine:
1. School of Veterinary Medicine, National Taiwan University (contains NTU-ADDC)
2. Department of Veterinary Medicine, College of Veterinary Medicine, National Chung
Hsing University (contains NCHU-ADDC)
3. Department of Veterinary Medicine, College of Veterinary Medicine, National Chiayi
University (contains NCYU-ADDC)
4. Department of Veterinary Medicine, College of Veterinary Medicine, National Pingtung
University of Science and Technology (contains NPUST-ADDC)
5. Department of Post-Baccalaureate Veterinary Medicine, Asia University (4-year postgraduate programme)

26

Chinese Taipei

OIE PVS Evaluation – 2019

Figure 13: The Five Veterinary Education Establishments

3.

Border (Import/Export) and Internal Movement Controls

Figure 14: Relationship of BAPHIQ to the other border inspection agencies

27

Chinese Taipei

OIE PVS Evaluation – 2019

Figure 15: Location of Border inspection posts (airports, sea ports, landcrossings)

A. The Keelung Branch has 6 inspection stations (1-6) including one airport (2)B. The Hsinchu Branch has 2 inspection stations (7-8)
C. The Taichung Branch has 4 inspection stations (9-12) including one airport (9) andone seaport (10)
D. The Kaohsiung Branch has 5 inspection stations (13-17) including one seaport (13)and one airport (14)Internal animal movement control points
All Poultry are required to have a “Poultry Health Certificate” before sale for slaughter.
The certificate is issued by the farm veterinarian and the animals must be inspected by
the veterinary inspector at arrival to the slaughterhouse.
Livestock (pig, cattle and sheep) transported to auction markets or to slaughterhouses
must be accompanied by a “Livestock Health Statement” issued by the livestock farmer
to the person-in-charge at the entrance of the auction market and/or to theslaughterhouse veterinary inspector. The livestock are then allowed for auction orslaughter, after the statement is inspected by the afore-mentioned officials.

Officially recognized disease control zones 13
During the 85th General Session of the World Assembly of OIE Delegates in 2017, thezone covering Chinese Taipei’s main island, Penghu and Matsu of Chinese Taipei was
officially recognized by the OIE as free from FMD with vaccination.
During the 86th General Session of the World Assembly of OIE Delegates held in 2018,
the zone covering Kinmen County of Chinese Taipei was officially recognized by the
OIE as free from FMD with vaccination.
There are special provisions to control the movement of animals and animal products
between these zones.

13 see Map in CC IV-7

28

Chinese Taipei

OIE PVS Evaluation – 2019

II.2.C Animal disease occurrence
At the time of this evaluation Chinese Taipei was on high alert for ASF due to theextraordinary outbreak in the region and most importantly its devastating effects on the
People’s Republic of China14. Risks to Chinese Taipei include the arrival of carcassesof piglets across the strait15.
Information on animal disease occurrence from the OIE website (see Table 3).
Table 3: Disease status of the country

14 E129: https://www.economist.com/china/2019/05/25/african-swine-fever-hits-china-home-of-half-the-worlds-

pigs?frsc=dg%7Ce
15 PME5: https://www.taiwannews.com.tw/en/news/3649343

29

Chinese Taipei

OIE PVS Evaluation – 201930

Chinese Taipei

II.3

OIE PVS Evaluation – 2019

Organisation of the evaluation

II.3.A Timetable of the mission
Appendix 4 provides a list of key persons met; the timetable and maps of the mission
and details of the facilities and locations visited by the OIE PVS Team. Appendix 5
provides the air travel itinerary of team members.

II.3.B Categories of sites and sampling for the evaluation
Table 4 lists the categories of sites relevant to the evaluation and the number of eachcategory of site in the country. It indicates how many of the sites were visited. While
every effort was made to visit a representative sample of sites, by force of circumstancein a highly developed country there was a bias toward larger institutions andestablishments, with small production units and retail markets underrepresented.

31

Chinese Taipei

OIE PVS Evaluation – 2019

Table 4: Site sampling

Climatic zone
Topographical zone
Agro-ecological zone
1st administrative level
2nd administrative level

Terminology or names
used in the country
Sub-tropical, tropical zones
Mountains, hills, terraces, plains, basins
Zone (Köppen climate classification scheme)
National
Municipalities
Cities/ Counties

3rd administrative level
Central (Federal/National) VS
1st level of the VS

Internal division of
the1st level of the VS
2nd level of the VS

Districts/Townships
National/Central government
Council of Agriculture (COA)
Bureau of Animal andDept. of Animal
Plant Health Inspection
Industry of COA
and Quarantine(BAPHIQ) of COA
Divisions
Division(Animal Health Inspection, (Animal Welfare)
Animal Quarantine,
Meat Inspection)
BAPHIQ-Branches
Municipalities/Cities/Counties (Field level of VS)

3rd level of the VS
Veterinary organisations (VSB,
unions)Field level of the VS(animal health)(2nd level of VS)
Private veterinary sector
Production sector
Import and wholesale sector
Retail sector
Other partners involved
National, Regional and local
labs

Associated, accredited andother labs

Township OfficeTaiwan Veterinary Medical Associations
Local Animal Disease Inspection Authorities(LADIAs)(Municipalities/Cities/Counties-Animal Disease
Control Centers/ offices, etc.)
Licensed Veterinary Hospitals
Licensed factories of manufacture
Licensed dealers of medicine for animal use
Licensed holders of medicine for animal use
Taiwan Veterinary Medicine & Health Industry
Associations
Animal Health Research Institute (AHRI)
AHRI- Animal Drugs Inspection BranchLivestock Research Institute (LRI)
Animal Disease Diagnostic Centers of Veterinary
universities
Agricultural Technology Research Institute (ATRI)
National Animal Industry Foundation (NAIF)
Technical Service Center /NAIF-Poultry HealthCenter (4 Divisions)
Screening laboratories of LADIAs

32

Numberof sites
2
5
7
1

Actualsampling
2
5
4
1

6

6

16

5

368

23

1

1

2

2

4

4

4

2

22

3*

135/198

1

23

1

22

3*

1759
42
216
1915

3*
2*
2*
4

9

1

3

2*

4

2

1
1
4

1*
1
1

18

1

Chinese Taipei

OIE PVS Evaluation – 2019

ANIMAL AND ANIMAL PRODUCTS MOVEMENT CONTROL

Bordering countries
Airports and seaports border
posts
Main terrestrial border posts
Minor terrestrial border posts
Quarantine stations for importor export
Internal check points
Live animal markets
Zones, compartments

None
Inspection Stations (Airports, Harbours)*4 Branch offices of BAPHIQ – Quarantine
sections
None
None
BAPHIQ- Animal and Plant Quarantine Center(APQC) / Quarantine stations (live animals)
Internal Inspection Stations(Outlying islands: Penghu/ Matsu/ Kinmen)
Livestock Auction Markets
Zones (Taiwan, Penghu and Matsu) / (Kinmen)

Number ofsites-

Actualsampling
-

17
4

2
2

-

-

22

2*

3
23
2

0
※
2
1

PUBLIC HEALTH INSPECTION OF ANIMALS AND ANIMAL PRODUCTS
Export slaughterhouses
National market
slaughterhouses
Local market slaughterhouses
Slaughter areas/slabs/points
On farm or butcher’sslaughtering sites
Processing sites (milk, meat,
eggs, etc)
Retail outlets (butchers, shops,
rest.)
Veterinary university
Veterinary paraprofessional
schools
Veterinary researchorganisations
Agricultural Chamber /organisation
National livestock farmers
organisations
Local livestock farmers
organisations
Other stakeholder/consumer
organisations
Animal feed production site

Export slaughterhouses

6

1*

Slaughterhouses

174

2*

-

-

-

-

-

-

641
88
75

2*
1
1

17,714

3*

5

2*

-

-

5

4*

National Animal Industry Foundation (NAIF)

1

1

Taiwan livestock/ poultry associations

39

2

Local livestock/ poultry associations

199

1

Consumer foundations/ organizations

3

1

ANIMAL FEED SAFETY
Licensed manufacturers of animal feed

147

1

Processing sites

meat
milk
egg

Retail outlets
TRAINING AND RESEARCH ORGANISATIONS
Veterinary universities
AHRI, ATRI, Endemic Species Research Institute(ESRI), Taipei Zoo, Livestock Research Institute(LRI)
STAKEHOLDERS’ ORGANISATIONS※ Due to expected poor weather conditions during the monsoon season, sites located on outlying
islands (Penghu/ Matsu/ Kinmen) are not scheduled to be visited.
※ Sites that have multiple roles in relation to the Sampling scale of PVS are marked with ”*”, which
result in the overlap numbers in the column of Actual sampling

33

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OIE PVS Evaluation – 2019

PART III: RESULTS
RECOMMENDATIONS

OF

THE

EVALUATION&GENERAL

This evaluation identifies the strengths and weaknesses of the veterinary services, and makes
general recommendations, across the four main fundamental components of the PVS tool:

FUNDAMENTAL COMPONENTS
1.

HUMAN PHYSICAL AND FINANCIAL RESOURCES

2.

TECHNICAL AUTHORITY AND CAPABILITY

3

INTERACTION WITH STAKEHOLDERS

4.

ACCESS TO MARKETSThe activities of the Veterinary Services are recognised by the international community and by
OIE Members as a ‘global public good’. Accordingly, it is essential that each country
acknowledges the importance of the role and responsibilities of its Veterinary Services andgives them the human and financial resources needed to fulfil their responsibilities.
This OIE PVS Evaluation examined each Critical Competency under the 4 fundamental
components, listed strengths and weaknesses where applicable, and established a current
level of advancement for each critical competency. Evidence supporting this level included
interviews and field observations associated with the mission, and also documentary evidence,as listed in Appendix 6. General recommendations are provided where relevant.
The current level of advancement for each Critical Competency is shown in cells shadowed ingrey (15%) in the table.

34

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OIE PVS Evaluation – 2019

III.1 Fundamental component I: Human, physical and financial
resources
This component of the evaluation concerns the institutional effectiveness and sustainability of
the VS as demonstrated by the levels of human, physical and financial resources available
and their efficient application. It comprises fourteen critical competencies:
Critical Competencies:
I-1 Professional and technical staffing of the Veterinary Services (VS) ......................... 36
A. Veterinary and other professionals (university qualified) ........................................ 36
B. Veterinary paraprofessionals ...................................................................................... 38
I-2 Competency and education of veterinarians and veterinary paraprofessionals ..... 41
A. Veterinarians ................................................................................................................. 41
B. Veterinary paraprofessionals ...................................................................................... 43
I-3 Continuing education (CE) ............................................................................................. 45
I-4 Technical independence ................................................................................................ 46
I-5 Planning, sustainability and management of policies and programmes .................. 48
I-6 Coordination capability of the Veterinary Services ..................................................... 50
A. Internal coordination (chain of command)................................................................. 50
B. External coordination (including the One Health approach) ................................... 52
I-7 Physical resources and capital investment ................................................................. 54
I-8 Operational funding ........................................................................................................ 56
I-9 Emergency funding ......................................................................................................... 58

Terrestrial Code References:
Points 1-7, 9, 11 and 14 of Article 3.1.2. on Fundamental principles of quality: Professional judgement / Independence /Impartiality / Integrity / Objectivity / Veterinary legislation / General organisation / Procedures and standards / Human andfinancial resources.
Point 4 of Article 3.2.1. on General considerations.
Article 3.2.2. on Scope.
Points 1 and 2 of Article 3.2.3. on Evaluation criteria for the organisational structure of the Veterinary Services.
Point 2 of Article 3.2.4. on Evaluation criteria for quality system: “Where the Veterinary Services undergoing evaluation…
than on the resource and infrastructural components of the services”.
Article 3.2.5. on Evaluation criteria for human resources.
Points 1-3 of Article 3.2.6. on Evaluation criteria for material resources: Financial / Administrative / Technical.
Article 3.2.10. on Performance assessment and audit programmes.
Article 3.2.12. on Evaluation of the veterinary statutory body.
Points 1-5 and 9 of Article 3.2.14. on Organisation and structure of Veterinary Services / National information on humanresources / Financial management information / Administration details / Laboratory services / Performance assessment
and audit programmes.

35

Chinese Taipei

I-1

Professionalandtechnical staffing oftheVeterinary
Services (VS)The appropriate level ofstaffing of the VS to allow for
veterinaryandtechnical
functions to be undertaken
efficiently and effectively.
A.

Veterinary and otherprofessionals(university qualified)

The appropriate level ofstaffing of the VS to allow for
veterinary
and
other
professional functions to beundertaken efficiently andeffectively.

OIE PVS Evaluation – 2019

Levels of advancement
1.

The majority of positions requiring veterinary or other professional skills
are not occupied by appropriately qualified professionals.

2.

The majority of positions requiring veterinary or other professional skills
are occupied by appropriately qualified professionals at central andstate/provincial levels.

3.

The majority of positions requiring veterinary or other professional skills
are occupied by appropriately qualified professionals at local (field)
levels.

4.

There is a systematic approach to defining job descriptions and formal,
merit-based appointment and promotion procedures for veterinarians
and other professionals.

5. There are effective procedures for formal performance assessment andperformance management of veterinarians and other professionals.

Terrestrial Code reference(s): Appendix 1
Findings:
The number of veterinarians by area of practice is presented in Figure 16 (E5). Sixty-fourpercent are employed in private practice, the vast majority serving companion animals.
Nineteen percent perform public sector regulatory functions.
In the public sector, most positions for veterinarians are filled at BAPHIQ HQ, Branches andborder posts (Baseline document PME1 (pages 74-76). The same is true for LADIAs despitea somewhat higher vacancy rate for certain counties, and for townships with 128 of 136
positions filled (E5; E82) as well as for Township levels (E82).
Each farm has a “contract veterinarian” to provide clinical services. In an emergency LADIAs
have authority to conscript these veterinarians to assist with disease control activities.
Officials reported that new workload demands are placing strains on existing staff capacity.
For example, a new post for X-ray screening of high-risk passenger hand luggage will need
new staff at the international airport in Taipei. ASF surveillance/prevention and FMD zoning
activities were reported to be straining the capacity of front-line field and border personnel
while new demands for specialized expertise for information systems and to address issues
such as AMR and One Health in collaboration with partners requires added expertise at centrallevels. BAPHIQ senior officials confirmed these observations in a note following discussions
at the closing meeting (E108).
An interview with a BAPHIQ human resources officer and colleagues provided assurance thatjob descriptions and formal appointment/promotion procedures are in place for public servantsand sample documents were provided (E44a-c). Appointments are made in three ways: 1.
Entry Examinations, 2. Promotions and 3. Transfers. Examinations (veterinary and public
service) are used for initial appointments. Promotions within the 13 levels are based on resultsof annual performance assessment ratings on annual assessments over at least a three-year
period. Transfers are done through applications in response to advertised opportunities.

36

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OIE PVS Evaluation – 2019

Figure 16:

Strengths:
 Well defined human resource management systems
 Data available on public sector positions staffed and vacant
Weaknesses:
 There are growing requirements as a result of region-wide epizootics (e.g. ASF) andplans for more stringent FMD zoning without vaccination (E108).
 No formal data on current and future workforce demands in the private sector.
Recommendations: A thorough study on evolving workforce needs 16 is a priority to inform BAPHIQ, TVMA
and the veterinary faculties of current and future needs for veterinarians and VPP in
both the public and private sectors, taking account of the need to address emerging
regional and global pressures such as ASF, AMR and food safety traceability.
 Meanwhile, urgent needs may need to be addressed by special new funding orreallocation of resources within the VS or VA.
Evidence (as listed in Appendix 6): PME1 (pages 74-76); E5; E44a-c; E82; E107; E108

16 An example of such a study is available from Australia:

https://www.voced.edu.au/content/ngv%3A77334
https://www.voced.edu.au/content/ngv%3A77335

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Chinese Taipei

B.

OIE PVS Evaluation – 2019

Veterinary
paraprofessionals

The appropriate level ofstaffing of the VS to allow for
veterinary paraprofessional(according
to
the
OIE
definition) functions to beundertaken efficiently andeffectively.
This covers OIE veterinary
paraprofessional categories
having trained at dedicatededucational institutions withformal qualifications which
are recognised by thegovernment or the VSB.

Levels of advancement
1. The majority of positions requiring veterinary paraprofessional skills are
not occupied by personnel holding appropriate qualifications.
2. Some positions requiring veterinary paraprofessional skills are occupied
by personnel holding appropriate qualifications. There is little or noveterinary supervision.
3. The majority of positions requiring veterinary paraprofessional skills areoccupied by personnel holding appropriate qualifications. There is avariable level of veterinary supervision.
4. The majority of veterinary paraprofessional positions are effectively
supervised on a regular basis by veterinarians.
5. There are effective management procedures for formal appointment andpromotion, as well as performance assessment and performance
management of veterinary paraprofessionals.

Terrestrial Code reference(s): Appendix 1
Findings:
Most of 124 veterinary para-professional positions in the public sector at BAPHIQ HQ and
Branches, border posts and LADIAs are filled by persons having had appropriate preemployment and/or on the job training (PME1 pages 74-76; E136). In addition, 396 VPP
employed by NAIF to perform meat inspection receive formal training from ATRI, certification
by BAPHIQ (E106) and operate under the supervision of veterinarians (E51).
A significant number of veterinary assistants 17 provide support services 18 to the 56% of
Chinese Taipei’s veterinarians who work in private companion animal practice (E5, E131), the
8% who work in private food animal practice (E5) as well as public institutions such asuniversity clinics and a large, well-equipped hospital at the Taipei Zoo. Of these:•

1689 persons were issued a Veterinary Assistant Certificate by BAPHIQ on the basis of
having passed a “Junior” Professional and Technical National Examination (PTNE) for
veterinary personnel before 2009.

•

366 of the 1689 holders of Veterinary Assistant Certificates also obtained both a Certificate
of Veterinary Assistant Practice Qualification (from BAPHIQ) and a Veterinary Assistant
Practice License (from LADIAs), allowing them to “perform diagnosis, treatment,
inspection; issue diagnosis certificates; and write prescriptions independently without theguidance of a veterinarian” (E134, E135). These licences are granted on the basis of work
experience of 4 to 5 years or more under the guidance of veterinarians and as verified andconfirmed by LADIAs (E130, E135). This authority does not include certification of
documents issued by veterinarians on behalf of the Veterinary Authority.

17 estimated as 4,000 to 5,000 based on 2013 statistics (E131)
18 described as “counter registration, assisting in clinical diagnosis, assisting in instrument operation, caring for

inpatient animals, and cleaning and maintaining hospitals.” (E13138

Chinese Taipei

OIE PVS Evaluation – 2019•

The remaining 1,323 holders of Veterinary Assistant Certificates work only under theguidance of a veterinarian and “shall not issue diagnosis certificates, write prescriptions or
issue certifications of relevant documents” (E135).

•

No Veterinary Assistant Certificates have been issued by BAPHIQ since 2009 when the
Junior PTNE for Veterinary Assistants was suspended (E134, E135, E137).

•

Concerns have been expressed that “…there are no regulations concerning veterinary
paraprofessionals in Taiwan, causing some veterinary paraprofessionals to accidentally
violate the Veterinarian Act without knowing it, when they are assisting in veterinary
services.” (E131).

The PVS Team was advised that “BAPHIQ has collected information in response to veterinaryand social demand and invited TVMA and veterinary schools to discuss ‘How to establish a
Veterinary Medical Assistant System’ and the policies on veterinary paraprofessionals (VPPs)”(E131, 134, 135). As set out in a Draft Policy and Discussion on VPP (E131), reforms modelledupon examples from leading countries in Asia, Europe and the Americas would occur in threephases:1. Establish a Veterinary Assistant Registration and Certification System (Initial Process)2. Setting up departments or courses for veterinary assistants in universities with curricula
emulating British and American systems (Mid-Term Process), and3. Establish a national examination system for professional animal medical assistants(Late Process).
Strengths:
 Standardised veterinary supervision exists for VPP meat inspectors and other VPP in
the public sector (E136).
Weaknesses:
 Since 2009 persons who graduated and began work as veterinary assistants have notbeen certified by BAPHIQ following suspension of the PTNE for Veterinary Assistants
that was last held in 2008.
 On the basis of work experience 366 of the Veterinary Assistants certified by BAPHIQ
prior to 2009 on the basis of a “Junior PTNE” (VPP1) went on the obtain Veterinary
Assistant Practice Licenses to “perform diagnosis, treatment, inspection; issue
diagnosis certificates; and write prescriptions independently without the guidance of aveterinarian”.
Recommendations: Priority should be assigned to a national initiative to develop a “Veterinary Medical
Assistant System” that would establish standardized training, accreditation andsupervision for Veterinary Assistants and which should be consistent with OIE
Guidelines 19.

19 OIE Guidelines for Veterinary Paraprofessionals – see:

http://www.oie.int/fileadmin/Home/eng/Support_to_OIE_Members/pdf/A_Competence.pdf
andhttp://www.oie.int/fileadmin/Home/eng/Support_to_OIE_Members/pdf/AF-CoreCV-ANG.pdf

39

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OIE PVS Evaluation – 2019

Evidence (as listed in Appendix 6): PME1 (pages 74-76); E51; E74; E106; E130, 131, 134,
135, & 137); field visits to the Taipei Zoo and private clinics

40

Chinese Taipei

I-2

Competency andeducation ofveterinarians andveterinary
paraprofessionals

The capability of the VS toeffectively carry out theirveterinary and technicalfunctions, as indicated by thelevel and quality of thequalificationsof
their
personnel in veterinary andveterinary paraprofessional
positions.
A.

Veterinarians

This references the OIE Day
1andadvancedcompetencies, and the OIE
model core curricula forveterinarians

OIE PVS Evaluation – 2019

Levels of advancement
1. The veterinarians’ knowledge, skills and practices, are of a variable
standard that allow only for elementary clinical and administrative
activities of the VS.
2. The veterinarians’ knowledge, skills and practices are of a uniform
standard sufficient for accurate and appropriate clinical andadministrative activities of the VS.
3. The veterinarians’ knowledge, skills and practices are sufficient for all
professional/technical activities of the VS (e.g. surveillance, treatment
and control of animal disease, including conditions of public healthsignificance)
4. The veterinarians’ knowledge, skills and practices are sufficient for
specialised technical activities (e.g. higher level epidemiologicalanalysis, disease modelling, animal welfare science) as may beneeded by the VS, supported by post-graduate level training.
5. The veterinarians’ knowledge, skills and practices are subject toregular updating, and are internationally recognised such as throughformal evaluation and/or the granting of international equivalence withother recognised veterinary qualifications.

Terrestrial Code reference(s): Appendix 1
Findings:
There are 5 veterinary colleges (VEE) of which 4 offer a 5-year program, and the 5th offers a
4-year programme for students admitted with a baccalaureate. All graduates of VEE mustcomplete a national professional and technical examination to be eligible for certification andlicencing by their local veterinary association. Two universities visited have recognition fromother countries in the region: Hong Kong and Malaysia (E35; E78), as well as Macau in thecase of NTUVM (E35). Deans of the veterinary colleges are discussing proposals to increase
the duration of DVM training to a 6-year programme and whether to seek formal accreditation
under a broader European or North American regime.
Rigorous mandatory continuing education requirements exist for veterinarians in the public andprivate sectors (E5; E89) to ensure that regular updating occurs (see CC I-3).
The rich undergraduate curricula, post-graduate programmes and international partnershipsof the VEE provide advanced training and expertise in many areas as evidenced by site visits
and presentations from two of the five VEE (E35; E78).
State, University and NPO laboratories and research institutes provide rich scientific andtechnical capacity for advanced diagnostic services, epidemiology, risk analysis andproduction of veterinary biologicals (E8; E9; E10).
The VEE visited have excellent veterinary hospital teaching facilities and students follow arotation program of internship during its undergraduate studies that gives the opportunity tocomplement theoretical teaching with practice in the various curriculum domains.
All veterinary graduates must pass a national exam to be certified by BAPHIQ and obtain alicence to practice.

41

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OIE PVS Evaluation – 2019

Strengths:
 Advanced, internationally recognised VEE and veterinary science capacity at state
institutions – notably AHRI.
 Mandatory CE for both public and private sector veterinarians
Weaknesses:
 None in evidence
Recommendations: Maximize the return on investment from the national science and management capacity
by offering international support in veterinary science and programme management
and leadership to less developed countries through international development
programmes 20, including possible collaboration with OIE.
 Encourage an initiative of the VEE Deans to broaden international recognition of their
VEE
Evidence (as listed in Appendix 6): E5; E8, E9, E10; E35; E38; E51; E78; E89; site visits andinterviews with Deans of Veterinary Schools at NTUVM and NCHU

20 Themes of Taiwan’s International Cooperation and Development Fund cover all of the elements of “One Health”:
Environment, Public Health and Agriculture (including quarantine and certification). See:
http://www.icdf.org.tw/ct.asp?xItem=5265&CtNode=29856&mp=2

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Chinese Taipei

B.

OIE PVS Evaluation – 2019

Veterinary
paraprofessionals

This references the OIE
Guidelines on Competencies
for
Veterinary
Paraprofessionals, including
categories of animal health(on farm, at markets orborders), veterinary publichealth(inslaughterestablishments)
andlaboratory diagnostics who
are recognised by thegovernment or the VSB,
havingreceived
formaltraining and qualifications
from dedicated educational
institutions.

Levels of advancement
1. Positions requiring veterinary paraprofessional skills are generally
occupied by those having no formal training or qualifications fromdedicated educational institutions.
2. The training and qualifications of those in positions requiring veterinary
paraprofessional skills is of a variable standard and allows for thedevelopment of only basic competencies.
3. The training and qualifications of veterinary paraprofessionals is of afairly uniform standard that allows the development of some specificcompetencies (e.g. vaccination on farms, meat hygiene control, basic
laboratory tests).
4. The training and qualifications of veterinary paraprofessionals is of a
uniform standard that allows the development of more advanced
competencies (e.g. blood and tissue sample collection on farms,
supervised meat inspection, more complex laboratory testing).
5. The training and qualifications of veterinary paraprofessionals is of a
uniform standard and is subject to regular evaluation and/or updating.

Terrestrial Code reference(s): Appendix 1
Findings:
Veterinary paraprofessionals in Chinese Taipei serve the VS in a number of specialized roles
such as meat inspection, laboratory analyses, laboratory animal care, field inspections andsample collection for poultry health, veterinary medical products and residues (E136; E130:“Table of Personnel in reference to VPP categories”),
Approximately 400 veterinary para-professionals are employed by NAIF to perform meat
inspection (CCI-1.B and CCII 7B) following standardized formal training from ATRI, an exama certificate issued by BAPHIQ and continuing education (see CC II-7.B and E106).
Handlers involved in animal transportation and slaughter receive training on animal welfare.
BAPHIQ advises that “Veterinary Assistants in Chinese Tapei are educated and trained in
vocational high schools, studying in the Department of Veterinary Medicine/ Animal Husbandry
and Health Protection. Students receive 3 years of professional training related to animalhusbandry and basic veterinary medicine.” (E-130).
Veterinary Assistants are also trained on the job perform important and, in some cases,
specialized roles in private and public clinics, hospitals and other services to support
veterinarians who work in private practice serving companion and food animals (E5) – see
CCI-1.B.
Since the PTNE was suspended for Veterinary Assistants in 2009 (see CC I-1.B), “BAPHIQ
has collected information in response to veterinary and social demand and invited TVMA
and veterinary schools to discuss ‘How to establish a Veterinary Medical Assistant System’
and the policies on veterinary paraprofessionals (VPPs)” (E131, 134, 135).

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OIE PVS Evaluation – 2019

Deans of veterinary colleges have since been discussing proposals to develop formal training
programmes for VPP 21. As set out in a Draft Policy and Discussion on VPP (E131; see CC I1.B), reforms modelled upon examples from leading countries in Asia, Europe and theAmericas would include setting up departments or courses for Veterinary Assistants inuniversities with curricula emulating British and American systems and establishing a national
examination system for professional animal medical assistants.
Strengths:
 Systematic training and certification of meat inspectors by ATRI and BAPHIQ.
 Recognition by BAPHIQ, VEE Deans, TVMA and government officials that a needexists for a comprehensive, standardized approach to the training, accreditation andsupervision of VAs.
Weaknesses:
 As reported by TVMA in 2014 (E-131 / VPP-6) there are needs for initial, mid-term andlonger term actions to strengthen of the education, certification and supervision ofveterinary medical assistants.
Recommendations: As set out under CCI-1.B, priority should be assigned to a national initiative to develop
a “Veterinary Medical Assistant System” that would establish standardized training,accreditation and supervision (E131) and which should be consistent with OIE
Guidelines 22.
Evidence (as listed in Appendix 6): E5; E34; E51; E106; E130 & 131; field visits to the Taipei
Zoo and private veterinary clinics; interviews with Deans of VEE at NTUVM and NCHU.

21 Discussion during briefing at NCHU April 22nd
22 OIE Guidelines for Veterinary Paraprofessionals – see:
http://www.oie.int/fileadmin/Home/eng/Support_to_OIE_Members/pdf/A_Competence.pdf
andhttp://www.oie.int/fileadmin/Home/eng/Support_to_OIE_Members/pdf/AF-CoreCV-ANG.pdf

44

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I-3

OIE PVS Evaluation – 2019

Levels of advancement

Continuing education(CE)

The capability of the VS tomaintain, update and improve
the knowledge, attitudes andskills of their personnel,
through an ongoing staff
training and development
programme assessed on aregular basis for relevanceandtargetedskillsdevelopment.

1. The VS have no access to veterinary or paraprofessional CE.
2. The VS have access to CE (internal and/or external training) on an
irregular basis but it does not take into account needs, or new informationor understanding.
3. The VS have access to CE that is reviewed and sometimes updated, but
it is implemented only for some categories of veterinary professionals
and paraprofessionals.
4. The VS have access to a CE programme that is reviewed annually andupdated as necessary, and is implemented for all categories ofveterinary professionals and paraprofessionals.
5. The VS have up-to-date CE that is implemented or is a requirement for
all relevant veterinary professionals and paraprofessionals and is subject
to dedicated planning and regular evaluation of effectiveness.

Terrestrial Code reference(s): Appendix 1
Findings:
A robust and mandatory continuing education (CE) regime for all veterinarians in the public
and private sectors and veterinary assistants who hold a license to practice is managed by the
Taiwan Veterinary Medical Association (E5; E89). Veterinarians must complete more than 120
credits every 6 years for continuing education, with 80-90% being in their professional field
and 10-20% in the areas of professional quality and/or management and related regulations(E89). Licensed veterinary assistants must also undertake continuing education (120 credits)and renew their practicing licenses every 6 years according to the “Veterinary Act” (E-130).
Meat Inspector Assistants, like the Veterinary Meat Inspectors, receive six hours of in-service
training each year (E13).
An information system is available to manage training and record registration. The mandatory
continuing education covers topics such as updates on regulatory requirements, ethical issues
and animal welfare.
Strengths:
 Mandatory CE is administered by TVMA for all veterinarians and licensed Veterinary
Assistants.
 Meat Inspector Assistants and Veterinary Meat Inspectors are provided with annual inservice training.
Weaknesses:
 As reported under CCs I-1.B and I-2.B there are needs to strengthen of theaccreditation and education of veterinary medical assistants.
Recommendations: Strengthen the CE for veterinary assistants in concert with the proposed strengtheningof the regime for training, accreditation and supervision of VPP (see CCs I-1.B, I-2.B
and E131).
Evidence (as listed in Appendix 6): E5; E10; E12; E13; E20; E35; E78a; E89, E130, E131

45

Chinese Taipei

I-4

OIE PVS Evaluation – 2019Technical
independence

The capability of the VS tocarry out their duties withautonomy and without undue
commercial,financial,hierarchicalandpolitical
influences that may affecttechnical decisions in amanner contrary to theprovisions of the OIE (and of
the WTO SPS Agreement
where applicable).

Levels of advancement
1. The technical decisions made by the VS are generally not based on
scientific considerations.
2. The technical decisions consider scientific evidence, but are routinely
modified based on non-scientific considerations.
3. The technical decisions are based on scientific evidence but are subject
to review and occasional modification based on non-scientificconsiderations.
4. The technical decisions are made and generally implemented inaccordance with scientific evidence and the country’s OIE obligations(and with the country’s WTO SPS Agreement obligations whereapplicable).
5. The technical decisions are based on a high level of scientific evidence,
which is both nationally relevant and internationally respected, and are
not unduly changed to meet non-scientific considerations.

Terrestrial Code reference(s): Appendix 1
Findings:
BAPHIQ has Civil Service Ethics Offices at Headquarters and Branch levels staffed by officersof the Executive Yuan that are independent of BAPHIQ (PME1; E6; E104). They serve as“observers” and play roles similar to that of an ombudsperson to ensure that ethical rules arerespected as set out in a comprehensive regulatory framework (E103a-e). They also offer“promotional” activities to educate staff (E104).
The technical independence of meat inspectors employed by an arms-length NPO was evident
in the establishment of an office separated from that of the inspected establishment and byinspector wearing clothing with a BAPHIQ logo.
The risk of outright corruption is relatively low as Chinese Taipei ranks a respectable 31st of
180 countries rated by Transparency International, just after Portugal in 30th place and aheadof some European countries.
OIE’s experience with national reporting by Chinese Taipei is positive (PME8).
While there are strong and engaged industry interest groups (see CC III-6), top officials of
BAPHIQ are well versed in the principles of providing honest advice to political leaders. In
doing so they make regular use of the well-established national capacity for risk assessments(see CC II-2) that are supported by a strong national expertise in veterinary science that canoffer nationally relevant advice (see CC II-1). The CVO observed that the OIE and otherinternational standards and codes are helpful in making the case for technical independence
on key decisions.
A policy of moving senior officials every 3 years to a new post in government departments
supports technical independency and promotes awareness of needs of the broader service
and interdepartmental collaboration.
As is appropriate in a functioning democracy, there are times when legitimate value
judgements must be made by political authorities on decisions involving conflicting public
interests, after taking due account of scientific advice regarding risks.

46

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OIE PVS Evaluation – 2019

Strengths:
 Civil Service Ethics Offices
 Strong national track record on transparency as rated by OIE
 Experienced senior officials conscious of principles supporting technical independence Strong capacity in risk assessment supported by an internationally recognizedveterinary science community.
Weaknesses:
 None in evidence
Recommendations:
 N/AEvidence (as listed in Appendix 6): PME1; PME8; E6; E56; E103a-e; E104; visit to BAPHIQ
Branch Office.

47

Chinese Taipei

I-5

Planning,
sustainability andmanagement ofpolicies andprogrammes

The capability of the VS
leadership and organisation
to develop, document andsustain strategic policies andprogrammes, and also toreport on, review and evolve
them, as appropriate overtime.

OIE PVS Evaluation – 2019

Levels of advancement
1. Policies and programmes are insufficiently developed and documented.
Substantial changes to the organisational structure and/or leadership ofthe VS frequently occur (e.g. annually) resulting in a lack of sustainabilityof policies and programmes.
2. Some basic policy and programme development and documentation
exists, with some reporting on implementation. Sustainability of policies
and programmes is negatively impacted by changes in the politicalleadership or other changes affecting the structure and leadership of theVS.
3. There is well developed and stable policy and programme
documentation covering most relevant areas. Reports on programme
implementation are available. Sustainability of policies and programmes
is generally maintained during changes in the political leadership and/orchanges to the structure and leadership of the VS.
4. Policies or programmes are sustained, but also reviewed (using datacollection and analysis) and updated appropriately over time throughformal national strategic planning cycles to improve effectiveness andaddress emerging concerns. Planning cycles continue despite changes
in the political leadership and/or changes to the structure and leadershipof the VS.
5. Effective policies and programmes are sustained over time and thestructure and leadership of the VS is strong and stable. Modification to
strategic and operational planning is based on a robust evaluation or
audit process using evidence, to support the continual improvement ofpolicies and programmes over time.

Terrestrial Code reference(s): Appendix 1
Findings:
Annual reports of BAPHIQ reflect a gradual and managed evolution of policies and plans overthe 4-year period from 2014-2017 (E43a-d; E110a&b)
BAPHIQ has an internal audit unit that evaluates projects, for example annual assessments of
epizootic prevention measures for 2015-2017 (PME1 Annexes 38-40). It also performed anassessment of Global Health Safety, an integrated approach to prevention and treatment of
infectious diseases (PME1, Annex 41).
BAPHIQ officials advised that the regular evaluation reports lead to modifications to strategicand operational plans to optimize performance and adapt to emerging priorities such as
securing and maintaining internationally recognized freedom from FMD without vaccination,
preventing an incursion of ASF that is spreading through the region, and implementing anational AMR action plan (E109; E110b).
BAPHIQ’s Deputy Director General and CVO also offered the perspective (E1, slide 30) that
evaluation can be applied to “Establish systematic evaluations of policies/measures withfeedback” and “Evaluate policies implemented with risk assessment and international
standards”. This approach calls for what has become known in some public sector

48

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OIE PVS Evaluation – 2019

management circles as “value for money audits” 23 . This would support continuous
improvement of the effectiveness and efficiency of programmes in areas such as disease
prevention and control, food safety, border operations and law enforcement.
Strengths:
 Active audit and evaluation unit at BAPHIQ headquarters
 Consistency in polices and plans as they evolved over the period 2014-2017
 BAPHIQ perspective on expanded use of programme evaluation.
Weaknesses:
 No evidence of the use of formal cost-benefit analyses in decision making regarding
regulatory policies or asset management.
Recommendations: Broaden and strengthen the use of programme evaluation as envisaged by the CVO
to complement project evaluations and audits and to systematically review policies andmeasures to improve the effectiveness and efficiency of programmes in priority areasof disease prevention and control, food safety, border operations and law enforcement.
 Incorporate formal cost-benefit analysis as appropriate into high level decision making.
Evidence (as listed in Appendix 6): PME1 Annexes 38-40 and 41; PME3; E1 slide 30; E43ad; E46; E47; E94; E109; E110b

23 http://publications.gc.ca/collections/Collection/FA3-30-2000E.pdf

http://www.auditor.on.ca/en/content/annualreports/arreports/en16/v1_300en16.pdf

49

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I-6

A.

Coordination
capabilityoftheVeterinary Services
Internal coordination(chain of command)The
capabilityoftheVeterinary
Authority
tocoordinate their mandated
activities with a clear chain ofcommand, from the centrallevel (the Chief Veterinary
Officer or equivalent), to thefield level of the VS, asrelevant to the OIE Codes(e.g. surveillance, disease
control,foodsafety,emergency
preparedness
and response).

OIE PVS Evaluation – 2019

Levels of advancement
1. There is no formal internal coordination and the chain of command is
not clear.
2. There are internal coordination mechanisms for some activities but the
chain of command is not clear.
3. There are internal coordination mechanisms and a clear and effective
chain of command for some activities, such as for export certification,
border control and/or emergency response.
4. There are formal, documented internal coordination mechanisms anda clear and effective chain of command for most activities, including
surveillance (and reporting) and disease control programmes.
5. There are formal and fully documented internal coordination
mechanisms and a clear and effective chain of command for all
activities, and these are periodically reviewed/audited and updated tore-define roles and optimise efficiency as necessary.

Terrestrial Code reference(s): Appendix 1
Findings:
The national veterinary authority (BAPHIQ) has a direct and effective chain of command within
its own structure from headquarters to officers at border posts.
For animal health and food safety programmes an effective chain of command is in place fromthe CVO through its regional Branches to:a) local government authorities (LADIAs) and hence to farm level veterinarians and local
establishments for a wide range of animal health and food safety programmes, andb) meat inspection staff employed by NAIF at slaughter plants under well-defined contracts,
policies and procedures.
Ongoing work is required to maintain effective internal coordination linking these agencies,
especially those with administrative independence such as local governments and NAIF. Thisis done by a number of systems and activities:•

Shared information systems (PME1 pages 116-119):
 Animal Health Information Management System and 14 modules (PME1 pages
E25; https://ahis.baphiq.gov.tw/app/ ) Animal Drugs Management Service Platform(https://am.baphiq.gov.tw/AP/cLogin.aspx)
 Animal Quarantine Management Platform for Imports and Exports
 Livestock and Poultry Slaughtering and Meat Inspection Management System withseven modules
 Veterinary Public Health (Meat Inspection)
 Food Safety Cloud Platform (E110a)•

A well-defined disease reporting system (E2),50

Chinese Taipei

OIE PVS Evaluation – 2019•

Standardized protocols – e.g. for meat inspection: principles of supervision (E107a),
distribution of responsibilities (E107b) and rules of the meat inspector (E107c),•

Branding and independent systems – (e.g. meat inspectors employed by NAIF wear lab
coats with a BAPHIQ logo and operate from an office with a separate physical space andinformation system linked to BAPHIQ,•

Shared continuing education and coordination meetings as reported in PME-1 pages 201202, E116.b•

Tasks Forces established under the Central Emergency Operations Centre (E116b)•

Project and program audits – e.g. for animal health, meat inspection and border control
programs and supporting activities (surveillance, traceability and communications) (E109;
E110b).

Strengths:
 Effective professional networks and supporting information systems
 Clearly defined animal health and food safety programmes and reporting protocols
 Active audit and evaluation programme.
Weaknesses:
 Administrative separation between BAPHIQ and delegated authorities (LADIA) andNAIF) will always require attention to maintain the effective chain of command.
Recommendations: Continue to invest in and strengthen systems and activities that support an effective
chain of command, including formal reviews under an enhanced audit/evaluation
regime (see CC I-5).
Evidence (as listed in Appendix 6): PME1; E1, E2; E80; E99; E107a-c; E109; E110a&b; E116
a&b (IR-Q15); E117

51

Chinese Taipei

B.

External
coordination(including the One Healthapproach)

The capability of the Veterinary
Authority
tocoordinate
its
resources and activities at all levels
with other government authorities
with responsibilities within theveterinary domain, in order toimplement all national activities
relevant to the OIE Codes,
especially those not under the
direct line authority of the Chief
Veterinary Officer (or equivalent).
Relevant authorities include otherministries
andCompetent
Authorities, such as government
partners in public health (e.g.
zoonoses, food safety, drug
regulation
andanti-microbial
resistance), environment (e.g.
wildlife health), customs and borderpolice (e.g. border security),
defence/intelligence(e.g.
biothreats), or municipalities/local
councils
(e.g.
local
slaughterhouses, dog control).

OIE PVS Evaluation – 2019

Levels of advancement
1. There is no external coordination with other government
authorities.

2. There are informal external coordination mechanisms for some
activities at national level, but the procedures are not clear
and/or external coordination occurs irregularly.

3. There are formal external coordination mechanisms with clearly
described procedures or agreements (e.g. Memoranda ofUnderstanding) for some activities and/or sectors at the national
level.
4. There are formal external coordination mechanisms with clearly
described procedures or agreements at the national level for
most activities (such as for One Health), and these areuniformly implemented throughout the country, including atstate/provincial level.

5. There are external coordination mechanisms for all activities,
from national to field, and these are periodically reviewed andupdated to re-clarify roles and optimise efficiency.

Terrestrial Code reference(s): Appendix 1
Findings:
Ongoing work is required to ensure effective coordination amongst many agencies that fallunder the following Ministries: COA; Ministry of Health and Welfare (MOHW); Customs
Immigration and Quarantine Service (CIQS); Ministry of Science and Technology (MOST);
Finance; Economic Affairs and Industry. Of particular relevance are:
 COA with its responsibilities for BAPHIQ; AHRI/ADIB; DAI; CD/FB & EPA, and MOHW with responsibilities for TCDC & TFDA.
Other partners include local governments, the 5 veterinary colleges, not for profit organizations(ATRI and NAIF), other NGOs and actively engaged private sector stakeholders (see CC III_6).
Within COA a key relationship between BAPHIQ and AHRI provides scientific advice to support
policy development by BAPHIQ (E23 slide 7) within a broader collaboration between these
institutions on animal health and quarantine issues (E20, Table 7.1).
Chinese Taipei has an advanced organizational structure for its VS that includes two important
not for profit agencies (ATRI and NAIF) to which key functions are delegated (see CC III-4).
These arrangements offer many benefits but also adds a bit of complexity to the usualhorizontal coordination requirements.

52

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OIE PVS Evaluation – 2019

Building on the Global Health Security Agenda 24 and a review of its own capacity, Chinese
Taipei’s leadership moved to strengthen coordination amongst agencies of COA, the Ministryof Health and Welfare (MOHW), the Ministry of Science and Technology (MOST), andAcademia, to develop a 4-year-program “Global Health Security – Integrated prevention andcontrol research on infectious diseases”. This was intended to combine the disease prevention
ability and R&D ability of various departments, with goals to “prevent in advance”, “early
detection” and “quick and effective response” (E109). An evaluation report on the Global
Health Security program documents the collaboration amongst 19 participating agencies(PME1b Annex 41).
A National AMR Action Plan has been drafted and a number of important initiatives have beenlaunched (see CC II-9) but is the plan has not yet been formally approved (E101a).
Chinese Taipei organised and voluntarily received an unofficial Joint External Evaluation in
2016. The report observes that “Taiwan is doing an excellent job in meeting most of the IHR
goals.” However, after noting that “…for some indicators in which a lower capacity is evident,
it is often only a small part of a criterion that is missing”, it observes that “…closer collaboration
between the human public health, animal health, and food inspection sectors at both the local
and national levels would enhance food safety and improve outbreak investigation capabilities
in Taiwan.” In light of this JEE finding it must be noted that BAPHIQ’s vision includes improving
inter-sectoral collaboration and closing of gaps between agencies (E1, slide 30).
Strengths:
 Inter-agency commitment to the Global Health Security Agenda
 An unofficial JEE report was commissioned and offers constructive recommendations.
 A national AMR Action Plan has been drafted.
Weaknesses:
 There are opportunities to strengthen collaboration amongst public health, animal
health, and food inspection officials at local and national levels as recommended by
the unofficial JEE and to finalize and implement the draft AMR Action Plan.
Recommendations: Finalise and fully implement the National AMR Action Plan
 Continue to strengthen collaboration amongst public health, animal health, and foodinspection officials at local and national levels to enhance food safety and improveoutbreak investigations. This could include the use of relevant OIE tools. 25
Evidence (as listed in Appendix 6): PME1 Annex 41; E3; E74; E84; E94; E99; E101a; E102;
E109; E117; E127

24 https://www.ghsagenda.org
25 OIE coordination tools for inter-agency coordination:

https://www.oie.int/en/solidarity/options-for-targeted-support/one-health-integration/
http://www.oie.int/fileadmin/Home/fr/Media_Center/docs/pdf/WHO_OIE_Operational_Framework_Final2.pdf

53

Chinese Taipei

I-7

Physicalresources
andcapitalinvestment

The access of the VS tofunctional and well-kept
physical resources including
buildings,
transportation,
information technology (e.g.
internet access), cold chain,
and
other
necessaryequipment or structures. This
includeswhethermajor
capitalinvestment
isavailable.

OIE PVS Evaluation – 2019

Levels of advancement
1. The VS have no or unsuitable physical resources at almost all levels
and maintenance of existing infrastructure is poor or non-existent.
2. The VS have suitable physical resources at national (central) level andat some state/provincial levels, but maintenance, as well as
replacement of obsolete items, occurs rarely.
3. The VS have suitable physical resources at national, state/provincial
and some local levels but maintenance, as well as replacement ofobsolete items, occurs irregularly.
4. The VS have suitable physical resources at all levels and these areregularly maintained. Major capital investments occur occasionally to
improve the VS operational infrastructure over time.
5. The VS have suitable physical resources at all levels (national,
state/provincial and local levels) and these are regularly maintained
and updated as more advanced items become available. Major capital
investments occur regularly to improve the VS operational capability
and infrastructure.

Terrestrial Code reference(s): Appendix 1
Findings:
Site visits throughout the country confirmed that the physical infrastructure of offices,transportation, IT and laboratories at the national, regional and local levels of the public,
academic and private sectors is for the most part exemplary. The OIE Team observed wellequipped and maintained government and university facilities, private clinics and livestock
production and slaughter facilities as well as offices, IT and transport systems of the national
and local VA and laboratories of the state agencies, NPOs and academia (see CC II-B). At
some regional and local establishments of the public sector there were signs of relatively minor
needs for maintenance of well used facilities, but these were not such as to impede
performance.
Details of the physical resources of BAPHIQ Headquarters and Branches are provided in
PME1 pages 96-102 and Annexes 45-47. An inventory of major laboratory equipment andfacilities for AHRI and ADIB are provided in E20, pages 20-24. All equipment and vehicles arebarcoded to facilitate inventory updates.
Some laboratories visited were unusually well resourced, most notably an analytical chemistrylaboratory with an array of expensive analytical equipment for residue detection, despite arelatively small volume of samples to be tested. This raised questions about the costeffectiveness of the investment (which may be justified by maintenance of surge capacity
required that would be required for a national emergency), and whether the sample volume
was sufficient to maintain technical prowess (see CC II-1.B).
Vehicle maintenance costs for BAPHIQ (HQ and Branches), LADIAs and official laboratories
are provided (PME1 pages 112-114)
An example of recent priority capital investment is provided with a 3-year programme todevelop bird quarantine barns for NTD 22 million over the period 2015-2017 (PME1 page 111).

54

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OIE PVS Evaluation – 2019

Strengths:
 Excellent facilities and equipment at national regional and local levels
 Inventory control and records in place
Weaknesses:
 Is the testing volume sufficient to warrant all capital investments and maintainexpertise, or would a more centralized approach be warranted in some cases?
Recommendations: Continue to maintain and renew these important resources as required.
 Factor cost-benefit analysis into decision making regarding major capital investments.
 Review laboratory testing programmes to balance costs and workload while
maintaining required technical excellence and surge capacity for responses to national
emergencies (see CC II-1.B).
Evidence (as listed in Appendix 6): PME1 and Annexes cited; E20; E25; Visits to AHRI, ADIB,
ATRI, NAIF, 2 universities, LADIAs and private sector establishments (see Appendix 4).

55

Chinese Taipei

I-8

OIE PVS Evaluation – 2019

Operational funding

The ability of the VS to access
operational
resources
adequate for their plannedand continued activities (e.g.
salaries,
contracts,
fuel,vaccines,diagnostic
reagents, personal protective
equipment, per diem orallowances for field work).

Levels of advancement
1. Operational funding for the VS is neither stable nor clearly defined anddepends on irregular allocation of resources.
2. Operational funding for the VS is clearly defined and regular, but isinadequate for their required baseline operations (e.g. basic disease
surveillance, disease control and/or veterinary public health).
3. Operational funding for the VS is clearly defined and regular, and isadequate for their baseline operations, but there is no provision for new
or expanded operations.
4. Operational funding for new or expanded operations is on a case-bycase basis, and not always based on risk analysis and/or benefit-cost
analysis.
5. Operational funding for all aspects of VS activities is generally adequate;
all funding, including for new or expanded operations, is provided via atransparent process that allows for technical independence, based onrisk analysis and/or cost-benefit analysis.

Terrestrial Code reference(s): Appendix 1
Findings:
Operational funding for the VA and programmes of the public, academic and private sectors is
generally adequate. Budgets are approved annually by the Legislative Yuan based on
submissions from the national VA (BAPHIQ) via the COA. There is a separate budget process
for the local governments. The budget proposal includes items under 4 categories: Social
development projects, public infrastructure, science and technology development andoperational budget.
Budget allocations over the three years 2016-2018 for BAPHIQ, LADIAs and AHRI present a
stable picture (PME1 pages 103-105; E1 slide 25).
Fees are collected for selected services such as drug registrations and meat inspection.
Formulas for retention of revenues by BAPHIQ are set under regulations governing thedifferent functions served and vary from case to case. In the case of meat inspection BAPHIQ
can retain for its budget 70% of the annual overtime charges that are paid by the inspected
establishments (E116 Q23).
BAPHIQ strategic plans over 4 years (2017-18) reflect evolving priorities that are in line withthe changing issues and risks (see CC I-5). Together with regular project assessments thisprovide a sound management basis for risk- and performance-based budget decisions.
Important investments over the past 2 years include:
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
6.
7.

“One Health research project”“Research Center for Avian Influenza Control and Prevention (RCAICP)”“Rabies vaccine development programme”“Research and development of animal medicine technology”“New equipment and facilities for birds quarantine and isolation”“Improvement program of animal quarantine technical skills”“Improvement program of meat inspection technical skills

56

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OIE PVS Evaluation – 2019

A current example of evolving functions that require new resourcing in the public sector is the
new requirement for X-ray inspection at international airport arrivals of the luggage of high-risk
passengers from countries with ASF. This has been addressed in the short term throughpartnerships and reallocations to provide the required additional personnel and operational
funds – a need that should now be addressed through the regular budgeting process.
Strengths:
 Adequate funding that reflects evolving priorities and risks
Weaknesses:
 Increased use of formal cost-benefit analysis could be considered.
Recommendations: Continue to strengthen capacity to budget for evolving risks and optimum performance,
including use of formal cost-benefit analyses (see CC I-5, I-7 and II-2).
Evidence (as listed in Appendix 6): PME1; E1; E116; interviews and evidence cited in CC I-5

57

Chinese Taipei

I-9

OIE PVS Evaluation – 2019

Emergency funding

The capability of the VS toaccess extraordinary financial
resources in order to respondto emergency situations or
newly emerging issues, asmeasured by the ease withwhich
contingency
andrelatedfunding(i.e.
arrangementsforcompensation of producers inemergency situations) can bemade rapidly available whenrequired.

Levels of advancement
1. No emergency funding arrangements exist.
2. Emergency funding arrangements with limited resources have been
established, but these are inadequate for likely emergency situations(including newly emerging issues).
3. Emergency funding arrangements with limited resources have been
established; additional resources may be approved but approval isthrough a political process.
4. Emergency funding arrangements with adequate resources have been
established; their provision must be agreed through a non-politicalprocess on a case-by-case basis.
5. Emergency funding arrangements with adequate resources have been
established and their rules of operation documented and agreed withinterested parties.

Terrestrial Code reference(s): Appendix 1
Findings:
A well-defined regime for emergency funding is set out in law – a process that would haverequired stakeholder consultation (CC IV-1). There is an established pre-approved reserve
and a contingency process with which it may be supplemented. There are three sources offunding (PME1 page 108):
1. The “Statute for Prevention and Control of Infectious Animal Disease” (PME1, Annex 49)
stipulates that the loss of animals and other costs resulting from disease control measures
shall be compensated at prices set by a valuation committee organized by the local
competent authority (municipal, county or city).
2. Under the “Disaster Prevention and Protection Act”, expenditures needed to implement
disaster prevention and protection shall be duly funded. When the budget is insufficientadjustments can be made by local governments.
3. The Central Government can respond to a major natural disaster by providing relief funds
to all levels of Local Government. When the budget for a major disaster is insufficient, thelocal Governments shall report it to the competent authority of the central government or
Executive Yuan for assistance (BAPHIQ in the case of veterinary issues).
Compensation and Evaluation Standards for the valuation committees described under item 1
above are set out in regulations (PME1, Annex 50). Prescribed forms are available for
evaluation of dairy cattle, pigs and poultry (PME1, Annexes 51-52). In the case of AI
compensation is 100% of the valuation, providing an excellent incentive for reporting.
Strengths:
 Compensation for costs of disease control based on an evaluation that reflects local
conditions.
 National and local funding that can adapt to extreme requirements.
Weaknesses:
 None in evidence.
Evidence (as listed in Appendix 6): PME1 and Annexes 49-53; interview with BAPHIQ
Finance official April 18, 201958

Chinese Taipei

OIE PVS Evaluation – 2019III.2 Fundamental component II: Technical authority and capability
This component of the evaluation concerns the authority and capability of the VS to develop
and apply sanitary measures and science-based procedures supporting those measures. It
comprises eighteen critical competencies.
For all sections of this chapter, the critical competency includes collaboration with relevant
authorities, including other ministries and Competent Authorities, national agencies anddecentralised institutions that share authority or have mutual interest in relevant areas.
Critical Competencies:
II-1 Veterinary laboratory diagnosis .................................................................................... 61
A. Access to veterinary laboratory diagnosis ................................................................ 61
B. Suitability of the national laboratory system ............................................................. 63
C. Laboratory quality management systems (QMS) ...................................................... 65
II-2 Risk analysis and epidemiology .................................................................................... 66
II-3 Quarantine and border security..................................................................................... 69
II-4 Surveillance and early detection ................................................................................... 72
A. Passive surveillance, early detection and epidemiological outbreak
investigation ....................................................................................................................... 72
B. Active surveillance and monitoring ............................................................................ 77
II-5 Emergency preparedness and response ...................................................................... 80
lI-6 Disease prevention, control and eradication .............................................................. 82
II-7 Animal production food safety ...................................................................................... 85
A. Regulation, inspection (including audits), authorisation and supervision of
establishments for production and processing of food of animal origin .................... 85
B. Ante- and post mortem inspection at slaughter facilities and associatedpremises ............................................................................................................................. 89
II-8 Veterinary medicines and biologicals ........................................................................... 94
II-9 Antimicrobial Resistance (AMR) and Antimicrobial Use (AMU).............................. 100
II-10 Residue testing, monitoring and management ........................................................ 104
II-11 Animal feed safety ....................................................................................................... 107
II-12 Identification, traceability and movement control ................................................... 110
A. Premises, herd, batch and animal identification, tracing and movement
control ............................................................................................................................... 110
B. Identification, traceability and control of products of animal origin ..................... 113
II-13

Animal welfare ......................................................................................................... 115

Terrestrial Code References:
Chapter 1.4. on Animal health surveillance.
Chapter 1.5. on Surveillance for arthropod vectors of animal diseases.
Chapter 2.1. on Import risk analysis.
Chapter 2.2. Criteria applied by the OIE for assessing safety of commodities.
Chapter 6.11. on Risk analysis for antimicrobial resistance arising from the use of antimicrobial agents in animals
Points 6, 7 and 9 of Article 3.1.2. on Fundamental principles of quality: Veterinary legislation/General Organisation/Procedures andstandards.
Point 1 of Article 3.2.4. on Evaluation criteria for quality systems.
Point 3 of Article 3.2.6. on Evaluation criteria for material resources: Technical.
Points 1 and 2 of Article 3.2.7. on Legislation and functional capabilities: Animal health, animal welfare and veterinary publichealth/Export/import inspection.

59

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OIE PVS Evaluation – 2019

Points 1-3 of Article 3.2.8. on Animal health controls: Animal health status/Animal health control/National animal disease reporting systems.
Points 1-5 of Article 3.2.9. on Veterinary public health controls: Food hygiene/Zoonoses/Chemical residue testing programmes/Veterinary
medicines/Integration between animal health controls and veterinary public health.
Sub-point f) of Point 4 of Article 3.2.10. on Veterinary Services administration: Formal linkages with sources of independent scientificexpertise.
Article 3.4.12. on Human food production chain.
Points 2 and 5-7 of Article 3.2.14. on National information on human resources/Laboratory services/Veterinary legislation, regulations andfunctional capabilities/Animal health and veterinary public health controls.
Chapter 4.1. on General principles on identification and traceability of live animals.
Chapter 4.2. on Design and implementation of identification systems to achieve animal traceability.
Chapter 4.12. on Disposal of dead animal.
Chapter 6.2. on Control of biological hazards of animal health and public health importance through ante- and post-mortem meat
inspection.
Chapter 6.3. on Control of hazards of animal health and public health importance in animal feed.
Chapters 6.7. to 6.11. on Antimicrobial resistance.
Chapter 7.1. Introduction to the recommendations for animal welfare.
Chapter 7.2. Transport of animals by sea.
Chapter 7.3. Transport of animals by land.
Chapter 7.4. Transport of animals by air.
Chapter 7.5. Slaughter of animals.
Chapter 7.6. Killing of animals for disease control purposes.

References to Codex Alimentarius Commission standards:
Code of Hygienic practice for meat (CAC/RCP 58-2005).
Code of Hygienic practice for milk and milk products (CAC/RCP/ 57-2004).
General Principles of Food Hygiene (CAC/RCP 1-1969; amended 1999. Revisions 1997 and 2003).
Guidelines for Risk Analysis of Foodborne Antimicrobial Resistance (CAC/GL 77-2011).
Code of Practice to Minimize and Contain Antimicrobial Resistance (CAC/RCP 61-2005).

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II-1 Veterinary
diagnosis
A.

OIE PVS Evaluation – 2019laboratory

Access to veterinary
laboratory diagnosis

The authority and capability of
the VS to access laboratory
diagnosis in order to identify
and report pathogenic andother hazardous agents that
can adversely affect animals
andanimalproducts,
including those relevant topublic health.

Levels of advancement
1. Disease diagnosis is almost always conducted by clinical means only,with no access to or little use of a laboratory to obtain a correct diagnosis.
2. For major animal diseases and zoonoses of national importance, and forthe food safety of animal products, the VS have access to and use alaboratory to obtain a correct diagnosis.
3. For animal diseases and zoonoses present in the country, and for animal
feed safety and veterinary AMR surveillance, the VS have access to anduse a laboratory to obtain a correct diagnosis.
4. For animal diseases of zoonotic or economic importance not present in
the country, but that exist in the region and/or that could enter thecountry, the VS have access to and use a laboratory to obtain a correct
diagnosis.
5. In the case of new and emerging diseases in the region or worldwide,
the VS have access to and use a network of national or internationalreference laboratories (e.g. an OIE or FAO Reference Laboratory) toobtain a correct diagnosis.

Terrestrial Code reference(s): Appendix 1
Findings:
An effective diagnostic network spanning central, regional and local laboratories operates
throughout the country – see Figures 9 & 10 in section II.2.B. It is anchored by AHRI and
extends to local levels through 22 LADIAs with local laboratories that conduct basic screening
tests (e.g. brucellosis RBPT and bacteriology). A very effective transport /road systemfacilitates rapid submission of samples to more specialised laboratories.
A diagnostic reporting system set out in Figure 10 feeds into the Animal Health Information
System (see CC II-4).
The laboratory network includes OIE reference centres for CSF and two diseases of shrimp.
AHRI operates an Exotic Animal Disease Laboratory which is a strictly isolated and negativepressurized P3 laboratory (E24).
Through AHRI the network has established linkages with international reference laboratories
in Japan, France, Germany and the USA on new and emerging diseases (PME1; E8). In 2013
AHRI scientists and wildlife colleagues discovered and characterized a new strain of rabies
virus in Formosan ferret badgers – that may have been present but undetected for 50-100
years. (E3; E4).
Strengths:
 Effective laboratory network spanning the country and able to diagnose existing andemerging diseases.
Weaknesses:
 None in evidence61Chinese Taipei

OIE PVS Evaluation – 2019

Recommendations: The impressive scientific and diagnostic capacity of this network could be used tosupport less developed countries through collaborative arrangements, including with
the OIE.
Evidence (as listed in Appendix 6): PME1; E1-4; E8; E9; E10; E11; E20-25; E32A&B; E35;
E38; E78; E99; visits to AHRI, LADIA and university laboratories (see Appendix 4).

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B.

Suitability
national
systemOIE PVS Evaluation – 2019ofthelaboratoryThesustainability,
effectiveness, safety andefficiency of the national(public and private) laboratory
system (or network), including
infrastructure,equipment,
maintenance, consumables,
personnel
andsamplethroughput, to service theneeds of the VS.

Levels of advancement
1. The national laboratory system does not meet the needs of the VS.
2. The national laboratory system partially meets the needs of the VS, but
it is not sustainable, as the management and maintenance of resources
and infrastructure is ineffective and/or inefficient. Laboratory biosafety
and biosecurity measures do not exist or are very limited.
3. The national laboratory system generally meets the needs of the VS.
Resources and organisation are managed effectively and efficiently, but
funding is insufficient for a sustainable system, and limits throughput.
Some laboratory biosafety and biosecurity measures are in place.
4. The national laboratory system generally meets the needs of the VS,
including for laboratory biosafety and biosecurity. There is sufficient
sample throughput across the range of laboratory testing requirements.
Occasionally, it is limited by delayed investment in certain aspects (e.g.
personnel, maintenance or consumables).
5. The national laboratory system meets all the needs of the VS, hasappropriate levels of laboratory biosafety and biosecurity, and is efficientand sustainable with a good throughput of samples. The laboratory
system is regularly reviewed, audited and updated as necessary.

Terrestrial Code reference(s): Appendix 1
Findings:
AHRI is extraordinarily well resourced and serves as a central hub for a system comprisingother sophisticated and very well-resourced laboratories of ATRI, NAIF, universities (ADDCs)
and the LADIAs (PME1; E20).
The management of infectious biomaterials in animal and inspection laboratories in AHRI,
which includes a P3 facility for exotic animal diseases (E24), and its Branch ADIB, is based on
the “Regulations for management of infectious biomaterials in animal” and “Regulations for
management of inspection organization of animal infectious disease” announced by COA, arein accordance with Article 12-1 and Article 12-2 of the “Statute for Prevention and Control of
Infectious Animal Disease”. In addition, the laboratory for zoonoses must comply with aregulation “Governing Management of Infectious Biological Materials”.
The range of laboratory tests available at AHRI is set out in an Institutional overview prepared
for this evaluation (E20 pages12-15) including the work performed for passive and active
surveillance and disease control programs many of which have been subject to audits (see CC
I-5).
Some laboratories visited were unusually well resourced, most notably an analytical chemistrylaboratory with an impressive array of expensive analytical equipment for residue detection,
despite a relatively small volume of samples to be tested. This raised questions about the costeffectiveness of the investment (which may be justified by maintenance of surge capacity
required that would be required for a national emergency), and whether the sample volume
was sufficient to maintain technical prowess.
Some might question the sustainability of such a sophisticated laboratory network forveterinary research and diagnostic work. Nevertheless, despite national financial challenges,

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OIE PVS Evaluation – 2019

Chinese Taipei has managed to protect this important resource that meets significant national,
regional and global needs, including a) capacity to respond to national or regional emergencies(e.g. a major food poisoning event requiring analytical chemistry or a new infectious diseaserequiring rapid vaccine development that might not be a viable commercial proposition), andb) contributes significantly to national GDP through its commercial development of researchfindings such as a new PRRS vaccine that created of 33 high paying jobs and generated
millions of NTD in foreign exchange earnings (see CC II-8). Chinese Taipei and its VA are to
be commended for maintaining this capacity. At the same time there may be room withoutcompromising scientific excellence or capacity, to gain efficiencies to provide resources forother national priorities of the VS.
Strengths:
 A well-resourced network with AHRI serving as a central hub for a system comprisinglabs of ATRI, NAIF, universities (ADDCs) and the LADIAs
Weaknesses:
 Need to ensure the sustainability of a costly laboratory network.
Recommendations: As recommended under CCII-1, The impressive scientific and diagnostic capacity ofthis network could be used to support less developed countries through collaborative
arrangements.
 Consider opportunities to gain efficiencies without compromising scientific excellenceor the surge capacity required to respond to a major emergency.
Evidence (as listed in Appendix 6): PME1; E1-4; E8; E9; E10; E11; E20-25; E32A&B; E35;
E38; E78; E99; visits to AHRI, LADIA and university laboratories (Appendix 4).

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C.

Laboratory
quality
management systems(QMS)

The quality and reliability ofveterinary laboratory testing
servicing the public sector VSas assessed by the use offormal QMS including, but notlimited to, attainment of ISO
17025 accreditation
andparticipation in proficiency
testing programmes.

OIE PVS Evaluation – 2019

Levels of advancement
1. No laboratories servicing the public sector VS are using formal QMS.
2. One or more laboratories servicing the public sector VS, including the
major national animal health reference laboratory, are using formal QMS.
3. Most major laboratories servicing the public sector VS are using formal
QMS. There is occasional use of multi-laboratory proficiency testing
programmes.
4. All the laboratories servicing the public sector VS are using formal QMS,
with regular use of multi-laboratory proficiency testing programmes.
5. All the laboratories servicing the public sector VS are using formal QMS
systems, which are regularly assessed via national, regional orinternational proficiency testing programmes.

Terrestrial Code reference(s): Appendix 1
Findings:
The laboratories of AHRI and its Animal Drugs Inspection Branch are ISO 17025 certified.
These laboratories have had more than 50 analyses certified by the Taiwan Accreditation
Foundation, including for example a test for serum antibodies against bovine brucellosis, avirus neutralization test for FMD, an hemagglutination-inhibition test for Newcastle Disease,and a test for Dried Lapinized Hog Cholera Vaccine (PME1).
The same is true for ATRI and NAIF that participate in testing for regulatory systems and formal
disease control programmes.
As is often the case, formal QMS are lacking in many clinical and research laboratories in theprivate sector and at universities. Brucellosis RBPT screening tests performed by LADIAs are
not subject to proficiency testing (on site interviews and correspondence with BIPAHQ).
LADIAs equipped with laboratories perform some basic analyses on site (e.g. Rose Bengal
screening tests for brucellosis), depending on the needs of the livestock, poultry, andaquaculture farms. The majority of samples are sent directly to other relevant laboratories(ones with formal quality management systems) for testing (E111).
Strengths:
 Extensive use of accreditation and proficiency testing programmes by all central andregional laboratories that serve the VA.
Weaknesses:
 QA systems need to be developed for laboratories of the LADIAs.
Recommendations: LADIA laboratories providing veterinary services to agricultural-reliant cities/ counties
should be prioritized and encouraged to join the quality management systems with
provision of the required human, training and technical resources.
Evidence (as listed in Appendix 6): PME1 pg 125; E8-11; E26-27; E32a&b; E33e-h; E36; E35;
E38; E39a-c; E54a&b; E55a&b; E78; E99; visits to AHRI, LADIA and university laboratories(see Appendix 4). Reports and site visits to central, regional and local laboratories of the state,
universities and NPOs (see Appendix 4); Post mission correspondence with BAPHIQ re LADIA
labs.

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II-2 Risk analysis
epidemiology

OIE PVS Evaluation – 2019

andThe authority and capability of
the VS to base its risk
management
andrisk
communication measures onrisk
assessment,
incorporating
sound
epidemiological principles

Levels of advancement
1.

Risk management and risk communication measures are not usually
supported by risk assessment.

2.

The VS compile and maintain data but do not have the capability to carryout risk analysis. Some risk management and risk communication
measures are based on risk assessment and some epidemiologicalprinciples.

3.

The VS compile and maintain data and have the policy and capability tocarry out risk analysis, incorporating epidemiological principles. The
majority of risk management and risk communication measures are
based on risk assessment.

4.

The VS conduct risk analysis in compliance with relevant OIE standards
and sound epidemiological principles, and base their risk management
and risk communication measures on the outcomes of risk assessment.
There is a legislative basis (e.g. legal instrument) that supports the useof risk analysis.

5.

The VS are consistent and transparent in basing animal health andsanitary measures on risk assessment and best practice epidemiology,
and in communicating and/or publishing their scientific procedures andoutcomes internationally.

Terrestrial Code reference(s): Appendix 1
Findings:
The Veterinary Services, under their legal authorities to protect animal health and food safety,
implement risk analysis, particularly for exotic diseases and food safety, and use the results ofrisk assessment to prioritise risk management and risk communication measures. These
include active surveillance sampling (HPAI sampling nearby poultry outbreaks, FMD samplingfor official recognition of disease free zones, rabies sampling in wildlife), meat inspection(HACCP), and sampling at slaughterhouses for
Salmonella, Campylobacter jejuni,
Campylobacter coli and Listeria monocytogenes (for sanitary decision making on measures),and X-ray scanning of passenger’s hand baggage at airports to prevent smuggling of pork
products from ASF affected countries (see CC II-3). To minimise risks, Chinese Taipei adopts
stringent mitigation measures specified by international standards, for instance prevention andcontrol measures of FMD, HPAI, rabies, and ASF.
BAPHIQ officers responsible for risk analysis include 4 division chiefs, 9 technical officers in
the Animal Health Inspection Division, and 10 technical officers in the Animal Quarantine
Division. BAPHIQ has commissioned ATRI to conduct risk assessments for importing animals
and animal products through a risk assessment expert team (Figure 17). In this way wellresourced and technically strong import risk assessments for animal health and food safety
led by BAPHIQ draw upon the expertise of ATRI, AHRI, NAIF and universities as well as formal
and informal discussions with consumers, industries and other stakeholders.
Scientists at AHRI and other institutions have published extensively on their work on diseases
such as endemic rabies, CSF, and have contributed to OIE’s recognition of FMD free-zones
with vaccination. Chinese Taipei is also active in sharing information and assessments throughinternational channels offered by OIE, WTO and WHO despite unique diplomatic challenges.
Reporting to OIE is regular and thorough (see CC IV-5 and PME8). Regular meetings are heldwith trading partners under auspices of WTO (see CC III-3) and bilaterally (CC IV-2).

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OIE PVS Evaluation – 2019

Figure 17: The procedures of risk assessment in VA of Chinese Taipei

Risk analysis principles are used to make decisions on imports and trade agreements withpartners as well as to design surveillance programs (e.g. AI, FMD, rabies, and ASF active
surveillance programmes).
The farm biosecurity programme uses a risk management approach to identify and manage
on-farm risks. This is also supported by early notification of animal health issues. Farmer
compliance with risk mitigation measures such as vaccination programmes and farmbiosecurity is high.
In addition to the risk analysis procedure implemented by BAPHIQ for animal health andquarantine issues, TFDA conducts risk assessments for the importation of food products ofanimal origin. The results are regularly published on the TFDA website26, including a list of the
Risk Analysis Committee members as well as the meeting records.
While work on risk analysis is done at VEE and NPOs, there is no indication of a formal postgraduate training programme in risk analysis. Advanced training is acquired ‘on the job’ or
through overseas training. Though effective, there may be benefits in developing a more formal
advanced training programme in risk analysis to support all levels of the VS according to theirneeds.
Strengths:
 A committee of risk assessment experts is used to develop independent science-basedrisk assessments.
 Risk analysis is effectively used to manage animal quarantine risks by BAPHIQ.
 Robust risk-based disease surveillance and control programmes are in place.
 Highly transparent process implemented by TFDA for imports of food products ofanimal origin; Risk assessments are regularly published on the website, including thelist of Risk Analysis Committee members and meetings records.
26 https://www.fda.gov.tw/TC/siteList.aspx?sid=7725

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OIE PVS Evaluation – 2019

Weaknesses:
 There may be opportunities to enhance advanced training in risk analysis including theuse of cost-benefit analyses.
Recommendations: Consider enhancing capacity for advanced training on risk analysis
 Continue to apply risk analysis including cost-benefit analyses in reviewing disease
control and food safety programmes as recommended in CCs I-5 and II-6.
 BAPHIQ should consider publishing risk assessment reports on a web site similar tothe policy and process adopted by TFDA.
Evidence (as listed in Appendix 6): PME1 and Annexes 76 &135; E1; E2; E4; E7; E8; E10;
E23; E32a; E32b; E35; E94.

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OIE PVS Evaluation – 2019II-3 Quarantine and bordersecurity
The authority and capability of
the VS to operate to preventthe entry of diseases andother hazards of animals andanimalandveterinary
products into their country.

Levels of advancement
1. The VS cannot apply any type of quarantine or border security
procedures for the entry of animals, animal products and veterinary
products with their neighbouring countries or trading partners.
2. The VS can establish and apply minimal quarantine and border security
procedures, or the VS only apply quarantine and border security
procedures effectively at some official entry points via border posts.
3. The VS can establish and apply quarantine and border security
procedures based on import protocols and international standards at all
official entry points via border posts, but the procedures do not
systematically address illegal activities relating to the import of animals,
animal products and veterinary products.
4. The VS can establish and apply effective quarantine and border security
procedures which systematically address legal pathways and illegal
activities (e.g. through effective partnerships with national customs andborder police).
5. The VS can establish, apply and audit quarantine and border security
procedures which systematically address all risks identified, including
through collaboration with their neighbouring countries and trading
partners.

Terrestrial Code reference(s): Appendix 1
Findings:
Chinese Taipei has an effective animal quarantine and border security programme. BAPHIQ
is the authority responsible for animal and plant health inspection and quarantine services.
Quarantine and border security (including import and export permits) are centralized functionsof the VA with a direct chain of command from BAPHIQ Branches to the Director General of
BAPHIQ (see CC I-6.A).
Policies for live animal and animal product quarantine are developed by the BAPHIQ, with
implementation by the BAPHIQ Branches and inspection stations. In addition, BAPHIQ
cooperates with other border authorities including Customs Administration and Coast Guard
Administration to prevent and investigate smuggling of animals and animal products into
Chinese Taipei. BAPHIQ also works jointly with TFAD for food safety quarantine andinspection activities at airports and seaports. Collaboration with Customs, police, and TFDA iseffective. Regular meetings are held between relevant institutions at provincial level andinternationally with trading partners.
BAPHIQ has 4 Branches including Keelung Branch, Hsinchu Branch, Taichung Branch, andKaohsiung Branch which are located near the international airports and seaports, with a totalof 17 Inspection Stations throughout Chinese Taipei (Figure 3). BAPHIQ border inspectors
benefit from appropriate physical resources including computers, as well as data management
systems and continuing education.
There are 22 quarantine stations/facilities for importing live animals:•

The Animal and Plant Quarantine Center (APQC), BAPHIQ,

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OIE PVS Evaluation – 2019•

2 quarantine centres for dogs and cats at National Chung-Hsing University and
NPUST, and•19 private quarantine premises for poultry (company owned farms).

The import of animals and animal products into Chinese Taipei shall be handled in accordancewith the “Quarantine Requirements for the Importation of Animals and Animal Products”. These
stipulate conditions to be set out in the animal health quarantine certificate issued by theexporting country. When necessary, consultation with the exporting country on the contents of
the quarantine certificate of animal health is carried out.
Risk analysis is conducted to determine allowed, managed or prohibited importation of animals
and animal products into Chinese Taipei. BAPHIQ officials examine the animal disease statusof the country of origin and the performance of the veterinary services as part of the risk
assessment. They actively use the European Rapid Alert System for Food and Feed as a third
country to notify of food safety risks.
Once animals arrive in Chinese Taipei, they shall be held at quarantine stations/facilities. The
quarantine periods are stipulated in the “Statute for Prevention and Control of Infectious Animal
Diseases”. For example, cloven-hoofed animals shall be quarantined for 15 days, singlehoofed animals and fowls shall be quarantined for 10 days, carnivorous animals (except fordogs and cats) shall be quarantined for 21 days. Dogs and cats imported from rabies epidemic
area shall be quarantined for 7 days. Moreover, samples shall be collected and tested forimportant diseases during the quarantine period as required by law.
A three-tiered quarantine audit control system at the Branch level was described as consistingof an annual external audit to supplement internal audit controls on top of routine supervision(E94). Annual reviews are conducted by the Risk Assessment Expert Team (see CC II-2)
including visits to BAPHIQ Branches and inspection stations.
In addition, Taoyuan International Airport and Kaohsiung Harbour were designated as ports
under the 2005 International Health Regulations (IHR), and were subject in 2011 and 2013 toreviews by experts from Japan and Australia to confirm that they meet or exceed IHR 2005
requirements (E94).
The serious epidemic of ASF in the region, and in particular the significant presence of thedisease in mainland China2, poses a serious challenge to the VA and VS of Chinese Taipei
that will strain even the most robust safeguards (PME5; PME6).
Chinese Taipei’s border control and quarantine service is supported by strong publicawareness and information campaigns. The risk from the illegal import of products is mitigatedby an active awareness campaign with posters, fliers, ‘giant detector dog dress-up suits’, andsignage at entry/exit ports. Quarantine detector dogs operate at all major airports and seaports.
The numbers of quarantine detector dogs are being increased and those dogs are well trained
and tested regularly. Flights are risk-assessed, based on their origin and history of detections.
Dog activity is increased as required.
During the visit at Taoyuan International Airport, hand baggage scanning was being carriedout in a risk-based manner focused on passengers from ASF affected countries who must also
walk across a disinfection carpet. BAPHIQ Branch officers and police at Taoyuan International
Airport inspect all passengers to identify higher risk materials and pork products for inspection.
BAPHIQ has a history of suspending imports following changes to animal health status andassessed risk. For instance, poultry products and live bird imports have been prohibited70

Chinese Taipei

OIE PVS Evaluation – 2019

following outbreaks in HPAI affected countries. Likewise, imports of pig products have beenprohibited after outbreaks of FMD and ASF. In addition, BAPHIQ effectively manages otherquarantine threats, for example, by ensuring that all aircraft and ship waste is destroyed byincineration.
Strengths:
 Well-resourced and effective border security and quarantine services with supporting
information systems.
 Strong public awareness and information campaigns at the border inspection posts andother media.
 Risk analysis is used to identify risk and implement mitigation measures.
Weaknesses:
 No specific docking areas for inspection of refrigerated trucks/containers to ensure
continuity of the cold chain for frozen animal products.
Recommendations: Review and where warranted improve the inspection facilities and sample collection
areas at warehouses to preserve an effective cold chain.
 Include border operations in the enhanced audit and evaluation approaches proposed
under CC I-5.
Evidence (as listed in Appendix 6): PME1 and Annexes 8, 11, 16, 85; PME2; PME3 (a-d);
PME6; E1; E2; E7; E14; E22; E32a&b; E35; E60-63; E64a&b; E71-73; E78; E94; E95;
PAA5; PAA7

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OIE PVS Evaluation – 2019II-4 Surveillance and early
detection
The authority and capability of
the VS to determine, verify
and report on the sanitary
statusoftheiranimalpopulations, including wildlife,
in a timely manner.
A.

Passive surveillance,
early detection andepidemiologicaloutbreak investigation

A surveillance system basedon a field animal healthnetwork capable of reliably
detecting (by clinical or post
mortem signs), diagnosing,reporting and investigating
legally notifiable diseases(andrelevant
emerging
diseases) in a timely manner.

Levels of advancement
1. The VS have very limited passive surveillance capacity, with no formal
disease list, little training/awareness and/or inadequate national
coverage. Disease outbreaks are not reported or reporting is delayed.
2. The VS have basic passive surveillance authority and capacity. There isa formal disease list with some training/awareness and some national
coverage. The speed of detection and level of investigation is variable.
Disease outbreak reports are available for some species and diseases.
3. The VS have some passive surveillance capacity with some sample
collection and laboratory testing. There is a list of notifiable diseases withtrained field staff covering most areas. The speed of reporting andinvestigation is timely in most production systems. Disease outbreak
investigation reports are available for most species and diseases.
4. The VS have effective passive surveillance with routine laboratory
confirmation and epidemiological disease investigation (including tracing
and pathogen characterisation) in most animal sectors, and covering
producers, markets and slaughterhouses. There are high levels ofawareness and compliance with the need for prompt reporting from all
animal owners/handlers and the field VS.
5. The VS have comprehensive passive surveillance nationwide providing
high confidence in the notifiable disease status in real time. The VS
routinely report surveillance information to producers, industry and otherstakeholders. Full epidemiological disease investigations are undertaken
in all relevant cases with tracing and active follow up of at-risk
establishments.

Terrestrial Code reference(s): Appendix 1
Findings:
Chinese Taipei has an efficient disease reporting system from the city/county/township to
central level, with obligations to notify that include farmers as well as veterinarians, and goodevidence of negative and positive reports being generated and disseminated, including to the
public health sector and other stakeholders and internationally through the OIE. The webbased reporting systems are currently operational and user-friendly,
The VS have an extensive field network of veterinarians and veterinary paraprofessionals
operating at the different administrative levels – city/county/township level, slaughterhouses,
and veterinary clinics with full national coverage with all livestock producers in regular contact
with the high number of fully qualified field veterinarians.

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OIE PVS Evaluation – 2019Local Animal Disease Inspection Authorities (LADIAs)
The LADIAs are responsible for surveillance and risk management targeting Chinese Taipei’s
legally notifiable diseases, listed as Class A 27, B28 and C 29 based on their socio-economic,
health and trade impacts (PME1 pages 146-148). Together these cover 71 of the 116 OIE
listed diseases.
There are clear legal provisions on these listed notifiable diseases and the requirement toreport under the Statute for Prevention and Control of Infectious Animal Diseases. BAPHIQ
has developed biosecurity and animal protection standards targeting each of the major
livestock species and the LADIA and township veterinarians are responsible for conducting
annual inspections of every cattle, pig and poultry farm for awareness and compliance, as wellas conducting disease investigations and disease control activities for the listed diseases.
LADIA veterinarians also undertake official inspections relating to veterinary drug distribution
and use, drug residues in farm animals and feed safety. Additionally, there are 1-2
veterinarians who provide regular services at the township level (the lowest local authority) inmost of townships in Chinese Taipei, and these include regular visits to all farms 30.
NAIF veterinary inspectors at slaughterhouse
BAPHIQ commissions the work on meat inspection to NAIF. Veterinary inspectors and meat
inspectors (veterinary paraprofessionals) are employed by NAIF under supervision of the
BAPHIQ Branch. Veterinary inspectors are responsible for the monitoring of slaughterhouses
to ensure that their operations meet the required hygiene standards and that only meat fit forhuman consumption is released for sale in the market. Qualified veterinary inspectors are
stationed at the slaughterhouses to perform meat inspection (ante- and post-mortem), animal
welfare inspection and other related duties, including monitoring the operation ofslaughterhouses.
Private veterinarians
Private veterinarians are also available at the city/county/township level in Chinese Taipei toprovide services to farmers. Regulations require each poultry farm to have a contract
27 Foot and Mouth Disease, Classical Swine Fever, Sheep Pox and Goat Pox, Newcastle Disease, Rinderpest,

Peste Des Petits Ruminants, Contagious Bovine Pleuropneumonia, Lumpy Skin Disease, Rift Valley Fever, African
Horse Sickness, African Swine Fever, Highly Pathogenic Avian Influenza (HPAI),
28 Rabies, Bovine Brucellosis, Bovine Tuberculosis, Bovine Spongiform Encephalopathy, Caprine And Ovine
Brucellosis, Anthrax, Pseudorabies (Aujeszky’s disease), Leptospirosis, Q Fever, Paratuberculosis, Vesicular
Stomatitis, Bluetongue disease, Bovine Anaplasmosis, Bovine Babesiosis, Bovine Genital Campylobacteriosis,
Enzootic Bovine Leucosis, Haemorrhagic Septicaemia, Infectious Bovine Rhinotracheitis, Caprine
Arthritis/Encephalitis, Maedi-Visna, Contagious Caprine Pleuropneumonia, Enzootic Abortion of Ewes (Ovine
Chlamydiosis), Scrapie, Equine Encephalomyelitis (Eastern, Western, Venezuelan), Glanders, Japanese
Encephalitis, Swine Transmissible Gastroenteritis, Swine Trichinellosis, Porcine Reproductive and Respiratory
Syndrome (PRRS), Swine Vesicular Disease, Nipah Virus Encephalitis, Avian Infectious Bronchitis, Avian Infectious
Laryngotracheitis, Duck Virus Hepatitis, Fowl Cholera, Fowl Typhoid, Infectious Bursal Disease (Gumboro disease),
Marek's disease, Avian Mycoplasmosis (M. Gallisepticum), Avian Chlamydiosis, Pullorum disease, Low Pathogenic
Avian Influenza (H5/H7 Subtype) (LPAI), West Nile Fever, Rabbit Haemorrhagic Disease, Red Sea Bream Iridoviral
Disease, Taura Syndrome, White Spot Disease, Yellowhead Disease, Infectious Hypodermal and Hematopoietic
Necrosis, White Tail Disease.
29 Vesicular Exanthema, Bovine Ephemeral Fever, Malignant Catarrhal Fever, Contagious Pustular Dermatitis (Orf),

Waterfowl Parvovirus Infection, Duck Virus Enteritis, Salmonella Enteritidis, Grouper Iridoviral Disease, Grouper
Nervous Necrosis Virus Infection.
30 Intervention from Yueh-Ping Lin (Augusta) during closing meeting.

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Chinese Taipei

OIE PVS Evaluation – 2019veterinarian who provides animal health and inspection services regularly. A contract poultry
veterinarian also issues the poultry health certificate when poultry are moved to a wholesale
poultry market or slaughterhouse. Small animal clinics and hospitals are available and provide
care to local pets.
With a large number of veterinarians operating at field level and in regular contact withproducers, a strong compensation scheme, and excellent awareness amongst farmers,
Chinese Taipei’s passive surveillance system is generally strong. Livestock and poultry
farmers monitor mortality, morbidity and production rates daily and are required to contact theirveterinary service if changes occur above a certain threshold.
At slaughterhouse ante- and post-mortem livestock and poultry disease data is collected andreported through a web-based reporting system. This contributes to the animal health passive
surveillance dataset as managed by BAPHIQ. Slaughterhouse surveillance is a rich source ofanimal health data, especially passive surveillance for tuberculosis and Avian Influenza. When
combined with field surveillance reports the information gathered can provide a more complete
picture of the nation’s animal health status.
According to the Statute for Prevention and Control of Infectious Animal Diseases (Article 6),
BAPHIQ as the central competent authority officially divides the notifiable animal infectious
diseases into 3 categories (Types A, B and C) which total 71 of the current 116 OIE listed
diseases.
According to Article 17 of the regulations on the “Statute for Prevention and Control of
Infectious Animal Disease”, a veterinarian who discovers an animal which is suspected or
possibly infected of category A animal infectious diseases or category B and C of major
zoonotic animal diseases, shall report to the LADIA-in-charge within 24 hours. Upon receiving
the report, the LADIA shall take actions immediately and report to BAPHIQ. In case of a major
zoonotic infectious disease, then the BAPHIQ should report to TCDC.
The Animal Health Information System (AHIS) (https://ahis.baphiq.gov.tw/app/) provides anationwide surveillance and notification system of animal diseases at the city and county levelto improve prevention, control or eradication programmes for priority diseases in Chinese
Taipei. A contact person in each LADIA has been assigned to collect animal health information
based on the diagnostic results from laboratories to provide the current disease informationand early warning information for BAPHIQ and its neighbouring LADIAs. In addition, the animal
disease geographic information system enables BAPHIQ and LADIAs to understand thegeographic locations of the infected premises (IP). The list of livestock or poultry farms locatedin control area of the IP can be print out from the system. Movement control and further
epidemiological investigation can be implemented.
In Chinese Taipei, several sub-systems of AHIS are also developed and used as follow:-

Animal disease reporting system for the LADIAs to report current animal disease
information,
Farm Integrated Information management system,
Animal disease geographic information system enable BAPHIQ and LADIAs tounderstand the geographic locations of animal farms,
Animal disease surveillance information system,
FMD disease vaccination management system,
Livestock farm’s disease inspection Information management system,
Sheep pox and goat pox vaccination information system,

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-

-

-

OIE PVS Evaluation – 2019

Auction market hygiene and health management system,
Rabies vaccination management system,
Tracking management system for dogs and cats in and out of outlying islands,
Management system for cattle selling to the main island from Kinmen,
Animal drugs management service platform,
Animal quarantine management platform for imports and exports,
Livestock and poultry slaughtering and meat inspection management system.

Figure 18: Disease reporting system and chain of command in Chinese Taipei

Strengths:
 A very impressive field veterinary network with full national coverage, regular farm
visits, high levels of farmer awareness and the availability of compensation.
 Impressive early detection, as demonstrated particularly for AI in poultry.
 Well-resourced diagnostic laboratories.

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Weaknesses:


Several sub-systems of the Animal Health Information System (AHIS) are in use but it
was not clear if they capture information from all databases at slaughterhouses, AHRI,ATRI and LADIAs.

 Slaughterhouse passive surveillance data may not feed into the national animal healthsurveillance/reporting system.
Recommendations:

Review and enhance the AHIS to provide a fully integrated information system
operating in real-time to capture the reporting and investigation of suspect diseases
and the results of diagnostic testing.

 Continue to encourage immediate reporting, sampling and appropriate laboratory
testing for any suspected category A disease, supported by stakeholder participation
through training, awareness, joint programmes, communication and consultationbuilding on the exemplary work on ASF vigilance.


Review and as required strengthen passive surveillance at small-scale abattoirs,
livestock markets, and poultry wholesale markets with clear guidelines for sampling ofanimals rejected on the basis of poor health, including veterinary presence at livestock
and poultry markets with a focus on inspection and passive surveillance (roles thatmight be delegated to NAIF or private veterinarians with appropriate training andobligations for inspection and reporting).

Evidence (as listed in Appendix 6): PME1 and Annexes 19, 57, 58, 63, 63-66, 76-81, 122124), PME5; E1; E2; E4; E7-E10; E17; E20; E22-E25, E32a&b; E35; E68; E71; E74; E78;
E80; E84; E85; E86; E88; E94; E97; E98

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B.

OIE PVS Evaluation – 2019

Activesurveillance
and monitoring

Surveillancetargetingaspecific disease, infection or
hazard to determine its
prevalence,measureprogress in disease control or
support the demonstration of
diseasefreedom(withpassive surveillance), mostoften in the form of preplanned
surveyswithstructured samplingandlaboratory testing.

Levels of advancement
1. The VS have no active surveillance programme.
2. The VS conduct active surveillance for one or a few diseases, infectionsor hazards (of economic or zoonotic importance), but the surveillance is
not representative of the population and the surveillance methodology is
not revised regularly. The results are reported with limited analysis.
3. The VS conduct active surveillance using scientific principles and OIE
standards for some diseases, infections or hazards, but it is not
representative of the susceptible populations and/or is not updated
regularly. The results are analysed and reported to stakeholders.
4. The VS conduct active surveillance in compliance with scientificprinciples and OIE standards for some diseases, infections or hazards
which is representative of all susceptible populations and is updated
regularly. Results are routinely analysed, reported and used to guide
further surveillance activities, disease control priorities, etc.
5. The VS conduct ongoing active surveillance for most significant
diseases, infections and hazards and apply it to all susceptible
populations. The results are routinely analysed and used to guidedisease control and other activities.
The active surveillance
programmes are regularly reviewed and updated to ensure they meetcountry needs and OIE reporting obligations.

Terrestrial Code reference(s): Appendix 1
Findings:
The VS implement national active surveillance programmes for a number of priority animal
diseases in Chinese Taipei. This provides a strong and detailed understanding of the national
animal health status. Priority diseases requiring active surveillance are those for which
eradication/elimination is the target (e.g. FMD, rabies, HPAI, ASF, tuberculosis, brucellosis,
CSF, bovine ephemeral fever, and BSE).
Active surveillance programmes are developed at the national level by BAPHIQ with clearly
detailed procedures for sampling, laboratory diagnosis, data management and reporting.
However, counties/cities also have the flexibility to conduct their own surveillance programmes
for other diseases with guidance of BAPHIQ. BAPHIQ and AHRI develop sampling frames forthe active surveillance programmes. For example, BAPHIQ currently implements active
surveillance of farms for notifiable AI and FMD. LADIAs and township veterinarians divide theareas to identify which animal farms they will visit regularly. LADIAs and township veterinarians
will then collect samples to achieve the required active surveillance of the target population.
The VS are seeking in the future to use their active surveillance programmes to recover official
free status for several significant diseases: FMD, CSF, Avian Influenza, PRRS and rabies.
A summary of some key national active surveillance programmes, implemented in Chinese
Taipei is as follows:
Foot-and-mouth disease:
Serological surveillance has been carried out since the outbreaks of foot-and-mouth diseaseof serotype O in 1997. Neutralizing antibodies and antibodies against non-structural proteins

77Chinese Taipei

OIE PVS Evaluation – 2019in pigs, cattle, and goats are measured to monitor herd immunity and virus activity in the field,
respectively. In 2017, OIE officially recognised the main island, Penghu and Matsu islands ofChinese Taipei as FMD free zones with vaccination, and in May 2018, Kinmen island wasofficially recognized as FMD free zone with vaccination (see CC IV-7).
African swine fever:
Surveillance has been carried out since the occurrence of ASF outbreaks in China in August
2018. Real-time polymerase chain reaction and polymerase chain reaction are used to detectspecific viral DNA in smuggled pork products at ports of entry (airports and seaports) and deadpig carcasses washed ashore from the mainland (PME5).
Avian influenza:
Faecal samples of wild birds collected in wetlands are collected by non-governmentalorganizations and submitted to AHRI for isolation and subtype identification of avian influenza
viruses. Birds found dead are also submitted to AHRI for detection of avian influenza virus.
Serological surveillance of poultry and waterfowl is carried out to monitor the prevalence of
avian influenza virus in the field.
Bovine ephemeral fever:
Serological surveillance is carried out to measure neutralizing antibody titers in cattle
population, and thus to monitor herd immunity against bovine ephemeral fever.
Active surveillance of Rabies:
Brains of suspect rabid dogs, cats and other animals euthanized at animal shelters are
sampled by local animal disease control centres (LADIAs) and submitted to the AHRI for rabies
surveillance. Serological surveillance on sera sampled at veterinary clinics is conducted tomonitor vaccination coverage and protective immunity among companion animals.
Bovine spongiform encephalopathy:
Cattle which are sick, weak, and showing neurological disorders are the target of sampling.
The surveillance indicates that Chinese Taipei remains a risk-controlled country for BSE.
Strengths:
Well-structured surveillance, prevention and control programmes for priority animal
diseases based on strong public-private partnerships, with results analysed, reported
and used to guide further surveillance activities, disease control priorities.

 Well-resourced for sampling and laboratory diagnosis.
Routine active surveillance for priority diseases.

 Existence of a good disease reporting system.
Weaknesses:
 Sampling plans may not fully represent all sub-populations or production types (e.g.
small holder farms) for all diseases such as lower priority endemic diseases.
Recommendations: Ensure that sampling plans cover the full spectrum of farm and production types,
including smallholder farms.

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OIE PVS Evaluation – 2019

 Review disease surveillance and control programmes for diseases such as
salmonellosis in poultry production and at slaughter facilities to ensure that the designis scientifically sound and based on risk analysis.
 Consider reviewing the cost-benefit of undertaking high levels of active surveillance forendemic diseases of limited economic impact (see CC I-5).
Evidence (as listed in Appendix 6): PME1 and Annexes 19, 57, 58, 63-66, 76, 77-81, 122124), PME5; E1-E4; E7-E10; E17; E20-E25; E32a&b; E35; E68; E71; E74; E78; E80;
E84-E86; E88; E94; E97; E98

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Chinese Taipei

II-5 Emergency
preparedness
response

OIE PVS Evaluation – 2019

Levels of advancement
andThe authority and capability of
the VS to be prepared andrespond rapidly to a sanitary
emergency threat (such as asignificant disease outbreakor food safety emergency).

1. The VS have no field network or established procedure to determine
whether a sanitary emergency threat exists or the authority to declaresuch an emergency and respond appropriately.
2. The VS have a field network and an established procedure to determine
whether a sanitary emergency threat exists, but lack the legal andfinancial support to respond effectively. The VS may have basic
emergency management planning, but this usually targets one or a few
diseases and may not reflect national capacity to respond.
3. The VS have the legal framework and financial support to respondrapidly to sanitary emergency threats, but the response is not wellcoordinated through an effective chain of command. They have national
emergency management plans for some exotic diseases, but they are
not updated/tested.
4. The VS have the legal framework and financial support to respondrapidly to sanitary emergencies through an effective chain of command(e.g. establishment of a containment zone). The VS have national
emergency management plans for major exotic diseases, linked tobroader national disaster management arrangements, and these areregularly updated/tested such as through simulation exercises.
5. The VS have national emergency management plans for all diseases ofconcern (and possible emerging infectious diseases), incorporating
coordination with national disaster agencies, relevant Competent
Authorities, producers and other non-government stakeholders.
Emergency management planning and response capacity is regularly
tested, audited and updated, such as through simulation exercises thattest response at all levels. Following emergency events, the VS have aformal ‘After Action Review’ process as part of continuous improvement.

Terrestrial Code reference(s): Appendix 1
Findings:
Once initial detection and reporting of a significant disease outbreak has been made,emergency planning and response in Chinese Taipei is highly advanced with detailed
contingency plans in place for FMD, HPAI, CSF, and ASF. Upon suspicion and after
confirmation, emergency responses were effective as illustrated for HPAI and FMD.
Chinese Taipei has comprehensive and technically sound national contingency plans for the
major emergency animal disease threats including FMD, CSF, ASF and HPAI. The
contingency plans for prioritised diseases were made available and presented during themission,A disaster management and response plan for animal and plant diseases is formulated
according to the “Disaster Prevention and Protection Act” and “Statute for Prevention andControl of Infectious Animal Diseases”. Good legislative powers are available to take actions
including mandatory reporting, investigation and sampling, movement restrictions and mobile
checkpoints, quarantine, culling, seizing animals and animal products, compensation, carcass
disposal and disinfection.
Multiple simulation exercises and training sessions have been conducted at the national andlocal levels by BAPHIQ, BAPHIQ Branches, and LADIAs.

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Chinese Taipei has demonstrated capacity to rapidly respond to and successfully eradicate
recent emergency disease outbreaks including HPAI (several outbreaks over the last decade).
It has also dealt effectively with the discovery of a form of endemic rabies in ferret badgers(see CC II-6).
The discovery of rabies in Chinese Taipei led to “after-action” measures including the creation
and work of a “Rabies Central Epidemic Command Centre” at the very highest level (theExecutive Yuan. This led evaluations on “Strengthening animal epidemic prevention” in 2017and meetings of a rabies epidemic prevention inter-ministerial team to “review effectivenessand appropriateness of the notification procedures” (PME1b, Annex 40; E109 item 30, page18).
ASF has never been detected in Chinese Taipei, but the country is on high alert and would
seem to be well prepared. However, it should remain vigilant and further enhance its
preparedness (see Recommendations below).
A network of field veterinarians at the municipality/city/county/township level are available toassist emergency management and response. Networks exist with generic emergency
response agencies and other groups such as the military, police, ATRI and NAIF to provide
additional manpower. An effective national chain of command facilitates rapid and consistentdecision making during an emergency response.
Emergency funding is available and a compensation mechanism in place as described in CC
I-9 – Emergency funding.
Strengths:
 Demonstrated success in control/eradication of disease outbreaks (e.g. FMD, HPAI).
 Strong legislative provisions and financial arrangements, including for compensation.
 Regular simulation exercises in all municipalities/cities/counties.
Weaknesses:
 None in evidence
Recommendations: In light of current special risks such as ASF, consider strengthening training/simulation
programmes on emergency preparedness/response for officials and staff at all levels:
Executive Yuan, BAPHIQ and partner agencies, local authorities and stakeholders
including small-holder farms according to their roles. This should assure that staff andpartners at all levels fully understand their legal responsibilities and authority to act.
 Develop additional contingency plans for other key risks including possible emerging
diseases as appropriate.
Evidence (as listed in Appendix 6): PME1 and Annexes 40; 60-72; PME5; E1- E4; E7; E8;
E10; E17; E23; E26; E32a&b; E45; E71; E80; E88; E94; E98; E109

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Chinese TaipeilI-6 Disease prevention,
control anderadication
The authority and capability of
the VS to control or eradicate
nationally important diseases
present in the country, suchas through a combination of
vaccination,
domestic
movement
control,establishingcontainment
zones, biosecurity measures(including farm biosecurity),
isolation
and/orculling/stamping out.

OIE PVS Evaluation – 2019

Levels of advancement
1. The VS have no capability to implement animal disease prevention,
control or eradication programmes.
2. The VS implement prevention, control or eradication programmes forsome diseases and/or in some areas or populations31, but with little orno epidemiological, risk-based planning or evaluation of their efficacy
and efficiency.
3. The VS implement prevention, control or eradication programmes forsome priority diseases in some areas or populations. There is variableepidemiological, risk-based planning and evaluation of efficacy andefficiency, with limited progress towards programme goals.
4. The VS implement nationwide prevention, control or eradication
programmes for priority diseases with a high level of epidemiological,
risk-based planning, and continual evaluation of efficacy and efficiency.
They have or are progressing towards OIE official recognition of disease
control programmes for relevant diseases. They can demonstrate some
progress towards programme goals in reducing or eradicating disease.
5. The VS implement national control or eradication programmes for all
priority diseases with scientific evaluation of their efficacy and efficiency
consistent with relevant OIE international standards. They candemonstrate clear progress towards programme goals in reducing or
eradicating disease, including achieving or progressing towards official
recognition of freedom from relevant diseases.

Terrestrial Code reference(s): Appendix 1
Findings:
Disease control planning and implementation in Chinese Taipei is well resourced andcomprehensive. The VS has implemented animal disease prevention, control, and eradication
programmes over the past decades. Diseases are categorised into Category A, B, and C
diseases as described in CC II-4A. Priority diseases include rabies, FMD, CSF, ASF, Avian
Influenza, tuberculosis, brucellosis, and BSE.
The VS has the authority and capability to control or eradicate nationally important diseases.
Animal health legislation (Statute for Prevention and Control of Infectious Animal Diseases)
provides the authority to prevent, control and eradicate diseases in Chinese Taipei. LADIAs
conduct annual inspections to ensure biosecurity measures are in place on all livestock farms.
In Chinese Taipei, BSE, African Swine Fever (ASF), African horse sickness (AHS), Peste despetits ruminants (PPR), Contagious Bovine Pleuropneumonia (CBPP), Bluetongue, andLumpy Skin Disease have never been detected.
A summary of the national disease control and eradication programmes, implemented in
Chinese Taipei with the comprehensive surveillance programmes (see CC II.4) is described
below:

31 One may need to cross-reference this CC with CCs on Zoning and Compartmentalisation as appropriate.

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FMD (Category A)
A zoning approach is used for the FMD control and eradication programme. Other tools used
are: vaccination, farm biosecurity, movement controls, serological testing, passive and active
surveillance, and clinical inspection. In 2017 the FMD vaccination rate was 97.3%. Since July
2018, Taiwan, Penghu and Matsu islands have ceased FMD vaccination. Although Kinmen
island is a non-endemic area, the local government provides funds to farmers for vaccination.
The vaccine is given to pigs at 12 weeks of age and to cattle at 4 months of age. In 2017, OIE
officially recognized Taiwan, Penghu and Matsu islands as FMD free zones with vaccination.
In May 2018, Kinmen island was officially recognized as FMD free with vaccination.
Brucellosis and Tuberculosis (Category B)
Cattle are regularly tested for brucellosis (serological) and TB (tuberculin skin test) with afrequency depending on the history of disease prevalence in the area. Positive animals are
slaughtered, and laboratory confirmation undertaken. In 1947 brucellosis was detected in cattle
in Chinese Taipei. Since 1962, the VS has implemented control strategies (test and removal)
for eliminating serological positive cattle and goats. As a result, brucellosis has been controlled
and eliminated since 1989. In 2017, 19,253 cattle on 503 farms and 8,995 goats on 250 farms
were tested for brucellosis with negative results.
CSF (Category A)
In 1957 Chinese Taipei developed the Lapinized Philippines Cornell (LPC) strain vaccine. Afterusing LPC vaccines in pigs the prevalence of CSF was reduced from 8-9% to 0.02%. According
to the monitoring and surveillance data of AHRI, no case of CSF has been detected since2007. Since then, passive surveillance for CSF has continued, and no CSF virus has been
detected.
HPAI (Category A)
In 2015, H5 (subtypes H5N2, H5N3, and H5N8) of highly pathogenic avian influenza virusesof clade 2.3.4.4. were first identified in Chinese Taipei. Approximately, 5 million poultry on
1,004 farms were infected and culled. Goose was the main affected species and the industry
was almost wiped out during the 2015 epidemic. The H5N2 virus is still being detectedperiodically. In February 2017, a highly pathogenic avian influenza of H5N6 virus was identified
in a dead duckling in eastern Taiwan of Chinese Taipei and spread to 12 other poultry farms.
No human case of H5 Avian influenza virus infection has been detected in Chinese Taipei. The
Government of Chinese Taipei (Executive Yuan) has set up a Central Avian Influenza
Command Centre chaired by the Premier. The members of the Centre include COA, TCDC
and other related Authorities. Several stringent measures have been implemented to preventand control HPAI in Chinese Taipei.
Rabies (Category B)
Since 1961 Chinese Taipei had been recognized as a rabies free country. In 2013, 3 cases ofrabies were confirmed in ferret-badgers. Since then, the VS has launched targeted wildlife
pathogen surveillance to study rabies in ferret-badger and other wild animals. Researchers
conduct experiments air-dropping baits into broad-leaved forest and bamboo forest to study
the ecology of ferret-badgers. Prevalence and transmission of rabies have been monitoredcontinuously. Oral rabies vaccination for ferret-badgers has been developed.
Rabies vaccination has been provided to public and private animal shelters for dogs and cats.
These activities can increase the overall rate of vaccination coverage.

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Strengths:
 Strong, effective national disease control and eradication programmes with good
government and industry partnerships in implementing disease control programmes.
 Successful control programmes have reduced the prevalence levels of a number ofendemic diseases including bovine tuberculosis, brucellosis, CSF, and HPAI.
 Demonstrated success in control and eradication programme by obtaining OIE official
recognition for FMD free zones with vaccination.
Weaknesses:
 None in evidence
Recommendations: Review the efficiency and effectiveness of priority disease control programmes, including
cost-effectiveness (see CC I-5).
Evidence (as listed in Appendix 6): PME1 and Annexes 3, 4, 63, 64, 67, 70-81, 138, 139;
PME2; PME4a-c; PME5; E1-E4; E7; E8; E10; E11; E16; E17; E21; E23-E26; E32a&b; E35;
E48; E58; E60; E74; E78; E80; E81a-c; E83-E86; E88; E90; E91; E94; E96-E98

84Chinese Taipei

II-7 Animal
safetyOIE PVS Evaluation – 2019

production

food

The authority and capability of the
VS to assure the safety of food ofanimal origin for domestic andexport markets
A.

Regulation, inspection(including audits),
authorisation andsupervision of
establishments for
production and processingof food of animal origin

The authority and capability of the VS
to establish and enforce sanitary andfoodhygienestandards
forestablishments that produce andprocess food of animal origin,including slaughter, rendering, dairy,
egg, honey and other animal productprocessing establishments.
Includestheregulation,
initialauthorisation of establishments, andtheongoing
inspectionofestablishments
andprocesses,
including the identification of andresponse to non-compliance, basedon HACCP principles. It includes
external
coordination
betweenCompetent Authorities as may berequired.

Levels of advancement
1. Regulation,authorisation,andinspectionofrelevant
establishments and processes are generally not undertaken in
conformity with international standards.
2. Regulation, authorisation and inspection of relevant establishments
and processes are undertaken in conformity with international
standards in some selected premises (e.g. export premises).
3. Regulation, authorisation and inspection of relevant establishments
and processes are undertaken in conformity with international
standards in large premises supplying major cities and/or thenational market.

4. Regulation, authorisation and inspection of relevant establishments
and processes are undertaken in conformity with international
standards for premises supplying the national and local markets.
There are some reports of dealing with non-compliance.

5. Regulation, authorisation, inspection and audit of relevant
establishments and processes (and coordination, as required) are
undertaken in conformity with international standards at all
premises. There are documented cases of the identification andeffective response to non-compliance.

Terrestrial Code reference(s): Appendix 1

Findings:
Under the overall supervision of a national Office of Food Safety (Figure 12, Part II.2.B),
BAPHIQ is responsible for the food safety aspects of raw agriculture materials on farms,
registration and inspection of slaughterhouses, and registration of pesticides and VMP. The
TFDA of the MOHW is responsible for all other aspects of food safety of products of animal
origin. The Environment Protection Agency (EPA) is responsible for actions to prevent
contamination of primary production environment. Interagency coordination is ensured by afood safety committee whose board is composed by MOHW, COA and EPA (Figure 12).
Food safety management principles are based on the registration of food business operators(FBO), food traceability and a three-tier control system consisting of: 1) self-testing andmonitoring based on HACCP, 2) third party certification and 3) government inspection. A total
number of 448,006 food businesses are registered: 3% import, 9% manufacturing, 48% retailand 40% catering.
The responsibilities of BAPHIQ and TFDA regarding approval and inspection of establishmentsfor products of animal origin (excluding fish) are summarised in Table 5.

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OIE PVS Evaluation – 2019

Table 5: BAPHIQ and TFDA competencies
Approval of establishments

Inspection of
establishments
and supervision

BAPHIQ -COA
Slaughterhouses
Slaughterhouses
cutting plants
Slaughterhouses
Slaughterhouses
cutting plants

with

with

TFDA – MOHW
Meat cutting plants
Processing (dairy, meat, eggs)
Storage FBO
Retail FBO
Meat cutting plants
Processing (dairy, meat, eggs)
Storage FBO
Retail FBO

An annual plan for inspection of establishments is defined by TFDA and implemented at the
local level. TFDA analyses the results of monitoring and violations over the years, adjusting
the categories of animal products targeted annually and the corresponding inspection items.
All FBO must comply with the same provisions whether their products are for export or for the
local market.
BAPHIQ advises that TFDA supervises local health bureaus to include traditional markets andretailers into the monitoring programs in the market in accordance with the principles andcarries out random sampling (E130). “High-violation or high-risk manufacturers who have test
results of unqualified products in the past are prioritized for inspection to confirm thecompliance of their products.” (E130).
Regulations for Good Hygiene Practices and a legal requirement for HACCP systems is inplace for almost all food safety businesses. An audit protocol (E133) and other relevant foodsafety material is available on the TFDA web site:
https://translate.google.com/translate?hl=en&sl=auto&tl=en&u=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.fda.go
v.tw%2FTC%2Fsite.aspx%3Fsid%3D9409“Certified Agricultural Standards” (CAS) is a third-party certification scheme based on
traceability requirements, monitoring of supplies, and CAS inspection in marketed food.
Food import control is done at borders and consists of document verification followed by onsite inspection and sampling. Sampling (2-100%) is based on assessed risk (international
alerts, post-market surveillance, etc). All food products are inspected by TFDA officers while
meat products are inspected both by TFDA and BAPHIQ. Illegal products from cargo or
passenger baggage are confiscated, burned or disinfected.
Documents required for export of animal products from Chinese Taipei are issued inaccordance with Article 36 of the “Statute for Prevention and Control of Infectious Animal
Diseases”, Article 36 of the “Enforcement Rules of Statute for Prevention and Control of
Infectious Animal Diseases” and the “Standard operation procedures of quarantine animal andplant declaration”. If the importing country requires a veterinary certificate these are issued by
BAPHIQ.
Food safety inspectors from TFDA and local health authorities are generally university
graduates (microbiology, food technology…) hired through a civil service examination andtrained in the job. A program for CE is in place.
Visits to a dairy products and egg processing (washing and packing) facilities provided
evidence of authorities’ inspection for approval and visits performed by the TFDA and by local
health authorities with adequate frequency. Detailed checklists to assess compliance with
Good Manufacturing Practices (GMP) and HACCP requirements are used. Checklists and86

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OIE PVS Evaluation – 2019

report templates are available but are only sent to establishment when non-compliance isobserved in which case corrective actions are requested. Timelines for corrections are given
depending on severity of issues. Local health authorities have the authority to halt FBO
activities. No reports were available on site during the visits but were provided after.
Adequate coordination mechanisms between on farm checks (e.g. dairy farms inspected by
LADIAs) and FBO inspection and supervision are in place as well as records of traceability forsuppliers. When an issue is identified by TFDA that may have origin in the primary production,
BAPHIQ and LADIA officials are informed, LADIA will investigate and inform TFDA if there is
the need to recall products. Coordination with other police and prosecutors is in place for foodsafety investigations and a “food safety communication platform” was created to support interagency collaboration (E110a).
Rendering facilities are inspected together by the livestock division of DAI, the public healthbureau, EPA, Police and LADIA. The LADIA certifies plants and transport vehicles and ensuresthe daily inspection. The rendering facilities report all data daily to the BAPHIQ food safety
information system. A monitoring of rendering plants for surveillance of emerging diseases inlivestock is in place.
An active surveillance programme for monitoring of microorganisms in meat has been
conducted in slaughterhouses since 2000. It includes isolation, identification and analysis of
Salmonella, Campylobacter jejuni and Listeria monocytogenes. Coverage of high-riskslaughterhouses should be improved based on the value of the reference table in “the guidancemechanism of microorganism control in slaughterhouse”.
Although case and epidemic management procedures are developed with the veterinary
authorities, evidence of coordination amongst the relevant competent authorities regarding theoccurrence of human foodborne illness and potential linkages to food of animal origin, including
actions of the VA was scarce. For example, there was no evidence of joint foodborne outbreak
investigations and recall despite the existence of procedures. A 2016 JEE report (E102) that
also looked at this issue reported that while “TFDA and TCDC work well together, there seems
to be less collaboration at both the national level between TCDC and COA and the local level
between public health and agricultural authorities”.
While a TFDA presentation on traceability of foods makes no mention of CoA (E110c slide 9)
or a link to the information systems of the VA (BAPHIQ), BAPHIQ advises that in 2014,
BAPHIQ, TCDC and TFDA established “PulseNet Taiwan” 32 - a platform to share theinspection information (E130, E132), and that:“It has been used as the basis for formulating appropriate prevention and control
measures on mid-stream food processing catering and the downstream health care.
Moreover, BAPHIQ could also benefit from the feedbacks of the platform andstrengthen the biosecurity measures on upstream farms, while improving the
microbiological monitoring and related disinfection procedure in slaughterhouses.”
The monitoring of microbiological contamination at farms slaughterhouses and production
facilities is ongoing however it is difficult to assess the surveillance reliability. A whole genome

32https://www.cdc.gov.tw/En/EpidemicTheme/Detail/hQ4XhaZAzUmNe2ksY4tjMA?archiveId=lh8powD

u9kYudBT8kWIVTw

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OIE PVS Evaluation – 2019sequence database on foodborne pathogens from samples at farm and slaughter is being
developed by ATRI and can contribute to faster and more effective investigations of foodborne
outbreaks.
Strengths:
 A thorough regulatory framework for food safety focused on protection of public healthand aspects of animal disease surveillance covers all FBO supplying the export,
national and local markets.
 Clear definition of roles and responsibilities and coordination mechanisms in place Three-tier control systems involving self-controls (HACCP and GMP) and third-party
certification
Weaknesses:
 Complex coordination mechanisms involve multiple authorities at both central and local
levels Surveillance is mainly based on random rather than risk-based sampling for mostproducts/FBO
 A programme for surveillance of foodborne zoonoses is still under development anddoes not yet adequately cover primary production.
Recommendations: Develop baseline studies of foodborne pathogens on farms.
 Continue to strengthen coordination and sharing of information between TCDC, TFDA,
and CoA to facilitate rapid identification and control of foodborne illness and preventionof food contamination and outbreaks stemming from contamination.
Evidence (as listed in Appendix 6): PME1 and Annexes 11, 13, 41, 83, 86 & 89; E10; E11;
E14; E16; E48; E58; E60; E65a-d, E66; E67; E85; E94; E97; E98; E102; E110a; E115 (19);E116 (IR-Q3); E119(Q36); E129a&b; E130; E132; E133

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Chinese Taipei

B.

Ante- and post mortem
inspectionatslaughterfacilities and associatedpremises

The authority and capability of the
VS to implement and manage theante-mortem inspection of animals
destined for slaughter and the postmortem inspection of carcases andmeat products at slaughter facilities
and associated premises, including
to ensure meat hygiene and safety,
and for the collection of information
relevant to livestock diseases andzoonoses.
This includes standards relating toveterinary
andveterinary
paraprofessional supervision andinspection, and protocols applied forante- and post-mortem inspection
findings,
based
on
HACCP
principles. It includes external
coordination between Competent
Authorities as may be required.

OIE PVS Evaluation – 2019

Levels of advancement
1. Ante- and post-mortem inspection is generally not undertaken in
conformity with international standards.
2. Ante- and post-mortem inspection with collection of disease
information is undertaken in conformity with international
standards only in selected premises (e.g. export premises).
3. Ante- and post-mortem inspection with collection of disease
information is undertaken in conformity with international
standards for export premises and the major abattoirs in the larger
cities and/or producing meat for distribution throughout thenational market.
4. Ante- and post-mortem inspection with collection of disease
information is undertaken in conformity with international
standards for all slaughter facilities producing meat for export,
national and local markets.
5. Ante- and post-mortem inspection with collection of disease
information is undertaken in conformity with international
standards at all premises (including municipal, community, and on
farm slaughtering and distribution) and are subject to periodic
audits.

Terrestrial Code reference(s): Appendix 1
Findings:
Ante and post-mortem inspection at slaughter is regulated by the “Animal Industry Act”,“Establishment standards for slaughterhouse” (set by COA, Ministry of Economic Affairs(MOEA) and EPA), “Regulations for meat inspection” (set by COA and MOHW) and“Regulations for slaughter operation”.
The competent authority is BAPHIQ’s Meat Inspection Division, its 4 branches and 17 stations.
The Division is responsible for the approval and registration of establishments, supervision ofsanitary management, implementation of plant meat inspection, training and audit of staff
performance and the investigation of illegal slaughtering, cutting, processing, transport andsale of uninspected meat.

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Figure 19. Meat inspection framework

There are 174 slaughterhouses in Chinese Taipei (114 poultry, 58 livestock, 2 poultry andlivestock). Please refer to Annex 1 of Document PM-1 (Appendix 6) for the locations of theseslaughterhouses. A Livestock and poultry slaughtering and meat inspection management
system 33 managed by Meat Inspection Division of BAPHIQ is available with the SH registration
number, number of inspection staff, number of animals inspected per year, inspection fee
overtime charged per year, and the number of branch office auditing for SH and supervision(PME1 page 118).
The TFDA and local health authority staff (70 TFDA food inspectors and 172 inspectors of theMunicipal/City/County governments) inspect meat processing plant/cutting plants, the sourceof meat, and the meat inspection stamp on slaughtered carcasses and relevant documents.
They ensure fresh meat products comply with HACCP, Good Hygiene Practices (GHP) andother relevant standards.
Hygiene inspectors are responsible for the collection of samples for monitoring of
microorganisms in livestock and poultry slaughterhouses. ATRI performs the laboratory
analysis and baseline investigation of carcass surface contamination (poultry, livestock) andwater samples.
Local government health authorities are responsible for investigation of illegal slaughter andmeat retail stores.
Meat inspection staff at slaughterhouses are: veterinary in charge (VIC) (selected by BAPHIQ
to supervise the performance of all meat inspectors), veterinary meat inspector (VMI) (trained
33 https://miweb.baphiq.gov.tw//sso/SSOlogin.asp (account/password required to access beyond opening page)90

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OIE PVS Evaluation – 2019and certified by BAPHIQ), meat inspector assistant (MIA) (performs inspection under VMI
control, trained and certified by BAPHIQ). Hiring of meat inspectors (248 VMIs and 420 MIAs)
was formally delegated by BAPHIQ to NAIF. A program of training was formally delegated to
ATRI.
Responsibilities for BAPHIQ, BAPHIQ Branch offices, NAIF, Chief Regional Inspector, VIC,
VMI and MIA are described in official guidelines. Principles for BAPHIQ supervision for meat
inspectors include a template for supervision. Detailed management rules for meat inspectors
include rules for employment and dismission, task attribution and transfer, salary and bonus,
working conditions, retirement, assessment and promotion, welfare safety and health.
Figure 20: Meat inspection flowchart

Animal movements to auction and/or slaughter are only possible with a health certificate forpoultry (issued by the farm veterinarian) or a health declaration for livestock (issued by thefarmer). Animals can move from an auction at one slaughterhouse to a distant slaughterhouse(PAA4). The farm data are linked to the BAPHIQ “Uniform Farm ID Number”. Before
slaughtering, VIC shall check the construction and facilities, including hygiene and disinfection.
Some deficiencies regarding hygiene (common unloading and rendering material area, accessto birds and other pests and open drainage) were observed in the SH visited.
Veterinarians check the health status, numbers of animals and health declaration or certificate
of livestock and poultry waiting for slaughtering (ante-mortem). The process of slaughtering
can only start after documentation and ante-mortem check. Meat inspectors examine thecarcasses and viscera (post-mortem inspection). Rejections are recorded by hand andinformation is transferred to the BAPHIQ meat inspection IT system at the end of the slaughter

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shift. In the case of poultry, labelling for slaughter inspection is based on each lot – a lotcorresponding to 1 farm /pavilion/day, or approximately 3300 chickens. The BAPHIQ
inspection label contains a QR code that provides information on the farm of origin. If the
product is repacked (e.g. at a supermarket) the packer may replace the label with their own
label but must preserve traceability. Carcases are chilled in chlorinated water 25-50ppm.
Rejected carcasses are sprayed blue.
Livestock are marked with an “INSPECTED AND PASSED” symbol. The inspection BAPHIQ
code provides the number of the slaughterhouse and the inspection date. Those which do notpass the inspection are condemned according to the relevant regulations and marked.
If unknown pathological lesions are detected, meat inspectors can send the sample to the
Veterinary Medicine Department of one of the 4 universities with an ADDC or ATRI for
pathological examination and confirmation.
All information regarding: farm of origin, animals’ ante and post-mortem inspection
observations, slaughterhouse and staff management is recorded in the livestock and poultryslaughtering and meat inspection management system (Meat Inspection Information Web, asystem accessible for registered staff). A slaughter certificate can be issued from this system.
A national program “strengthening and maintenance plan for livestock and poultry slaughtering
management system” is available and audited yearly.
In none of the slaughterhouses visited were records of emergency slaughter available,
although inspectors informed the team that a separate procedure is used when needed.
Strengths:
 Thorough regulatory framework covering all slaughterhouses supplying export,
national and local markets.
 Technical competency and strategic vision of the Competent Authority – BAPHIQ’s
Meat Inspection Division Well-staffed body of meat inspectors through an innovative public private partnership(NAIF) with technical independence ensured by training, audit and management
 Clear definition of roles and responsibilities and coordination mechanisms in place
amongst the different agencies involved and supported by interoperable IT systems.
 Continuous education of meat inspectors, laboratory and scientific technical support
staff and validation processes for post mortem inspection in place.
 Three tier control systems involving self-controls (HACCP and GMP) and third party
certification.
 High awareness of stakeholders about the need for biosecurity measures to preventand control animal diseases.
Weaknesses:
 Livestock movement on the basis of a health declaration by livestock farmers insteadof a health certificate by a veterinarian.
 Movement of animals between auction markets (concentration points) andslaughterhouses creates a disease transmission risk.

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Recommendations: Assess risks for transmission of animal disease through current farm- auction slaughter movements.
 Assess the risks for cross contamination of carcasses by automatic evisceration andinspection by cutting vs palpation.
Evidence (as listed in Appendix 6): PME1 and Annexes 1, 2, 19, 20, 55, 82,166,175-177; E1;
E10; E11; E13; E32a; E34; E49; E50; E51; E52; E60; E85; E86; E91; E94; E96; E97; E98;
E106; E107; E112; E115(16); E117 (M1-M2-M3); E118(M4-M5); E119(q11); E129a; PAA4;
PAA6

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OIE PVS Evaluation – 2019II-8 Veterinary medicinesand biologicals
The authority and capability of
the VS to regulate veterinary
medicines, and biologicals, inorder to ensure their quality
and safety, as well as their
responsible and prudent use,
including as medicated feed.
This includes the marketing
authorisation/registration,
import, manufacture, quality
control, export, labelling,
advertising, distribution, sale(includes dispensing) and use(includesprescribing)ofthese products.

Levels of advancement
1. The VS cannot regulate veterinary medicines and biologicals.
2. The VS have some capability to exercise regulatory and administrative
control over the import, manufacture and market authorisation(registration) of veterinary medicines and biologicals to ensure theirsafety and quality, but cannot ensure their responsible and prudent use
in the field.
3. The VS exercise effective regulatory and administrative control for themarket authorisation of veterinary medicines and biologicals and havesome capacity to regulate to ensure their responsible and prudent use in
the field, including reducing the risk from illegal imports.
4. The VS exercise comprehensive and effective regulatory andadministrative control of all aspects of veterinary medicines andbiologicals, including market authorisation, responsible and prudent use
in the field, and reducing the risks of illegal distribution and use.
5. The control systems for veterinary medicines and biologicals are
regularly audited, tested and updated when necessary, including via aneffective pharmacovigilance programme.

Terrestrial Code reference(s): Appendix 1
Findings:
The “Animal Drug Administration”, “Regulations for Registration of Veterinary Drugs”,“Veterinary Drugs Use Regulations”, “Regulation of the sale and use of veterinary prescription
medicines” and” Veterinarian Act” constitute the regulatory framework for the licencing,production, sale and use of VMP.
Market authorization
BAPHIQ is responsible for the inspection and registration of VMP. All VMP including drugs andvaccines must be approved by BAPHIQ (Article 12 of the “Animal Drug Control Act” and“Regulations for Registration of Veterinary Drugs”). New drugs applications are submitted to
the Veterinary Drug Technology Review Committee for review of technical documents andclinical trials. The required submission must include documentation on ingredients, production
procedure, quality control, safety, efficacy and relevant information, and a sample. In addition,
VMP manufacturers must meet the standards: “Establishment Standards for Veterinary Drugs
Manufacturers” and “Guidelines of Good Manufacture Practice (GMP) for Veterinary Drugs
Manufacturers”.
ADIB cooperates with BAPHIQ to register animal health products, inspect ingredients andverify product’s specification, analysis certification, accelerated product stability test, andsafety test for injection. If the sample and documentation are in conformity, BAPHIQ willapprove the label, the packing insert, and issue the product license. Approximately 190
requests are processed every year. Authorization validity is 5 years. There is no mutual
recognition of other country’s registration/authorization.

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Figure 21: Market authorisation for VMP

An animal Drugs Management Service Platform (https://am.baphiq.gov.tw/AP/cLogin.aspx)
has been established to record the local and imported animal health product license’s
information.
Labelling
Product package label and packing insert must describe the name of the drug, license number,ingredients and contents, efficacy, withdrawal period, expiration date, and the manufacturer’s
information including name and address.
Manufacturers GMP inspection
The animal health products manufacturers must conform to “Guidelines of Good Manufacture
Practice (GMP) for Veterinary Drugs Manufacturers”. Records of product manufacturing,processing, packaging, storage and distribution should be kept in a clear and easy-to-evaluatemanner.
GMP requirements include the need to have a system to record customer complaints andinvestigations on complaints of adverse effects or reduced effectiveness but an official
pharmacovigilance system is not implemented.
During manufacture, transport, national inspection, selling and use the vaccine and its diluentsshould be stored and transported within the required temperature range.
The Medical and Pharmaceutical Industry Technology and Development Centre wascommissioned by BAPHIQ under the “Guidance and improvement for manufacture and quality
control of animal health product manufacturer”, to conduct annual GMP inspections of
manufacturers.
Taipei has 37 pharmaceuticals and 7 biologicals manufacturers. All are inspected periodically.

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Quality control
In 2016, a VMP assessment plan was implemented including preliminary review of theregistration for animal drugs, risk assessment of approved veterinary drugs, collection andupdating of the international standards for veterinary drug residues, and establishment of rapid
tests for veterinary drugs and related compounds. The investment funds were NTD 19 million
in 2016, NTD19.4 million in 2017, and NTD16.2 million in 2018.
BAPHIQ has established the “Enhance plan of animal medicine inspection, regulation
enforcement, and awareness campaign”, and the “Monitor programme for marketed animal
medicines”. These cover:a. Quality control: Inspect general animal drugs and biologics in the market and checkthe label of these products.
b. Veterinary drugs dealer management: Handle the registration files and establish
database on animal health product dealers’ information and enforce regulations.
c. Joint investigation & enforcement of counterfeit and banned veterinary drugs:
The LADIAs cooperate with the Judicial Authorities or the central competent authorities
in the investigation and enforcement of illegal veterinary drug tracing, and enforce
penalty or transfer it to the Judicial Authorities or the Central Competent Authorities,
according to the law.
d. Promotion of safe and proper medication: Held seminars for proper medication,
explain the harm of counterfeit drugs, educate on how to identify illegal drugs. The
target audiences of the seminars were animal drug manufacturers, dealers (including
ornamental fish non-prescription drug dealers), feed production industries as well as
livestock, poultry and aquaculture farmers.
e. Inspection on the location of animal drugs used: The LADIAs visit animal drug
manufacturers, dealers, feed establishments and other places where veterinary drugs
are used. They inspect bulk chemicals, look for counterfeit and banned veterinary drugs(such as Nitrofuran, Chloramphenicol and Beta-agonists), and promote the proper useof prescription medicines. A system to reward whistle blowers is in place.
Manufacturers provide data on production and sale as well as traceability
documentation.
f. ADIB analyses random samples from the market collected every year by LADIAs
to detect counterfeit and illegal ingredients in VMP.
g. Yearly surveillance programme for medicated feed additives: About 350 samples
are collected by LADIAs and are analysed by AHRI.
The results of the inspection of VMP are submitted to the BAPHIQ for audit and administrative
procedures (penalties).
Under the “Veterinary Drugs Control Act”, the manufacturer or importer shall apply to the
LADIAs-in-charge for batch-by-batch sampling tests of their veterinary biologics within 14 days
after clearing the customs with all tariffs paid. The LADIAs-in-charge shall assign personnel tocheck the transport and storage conditions of the veterinary biologics. Randomly collected
samples are sent to ADIB for inspection according to the category of veterinary biologics andthe “Standards for Veterinary Drugs”.

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After the veterinary biologics have passed the sample testing, the LADIAs-in-charge shallcheck the quantities and identify the products with a seal of approval. The product then can besold on the market.
All analytical procedures are certified by international quality standards and results recordedin electronic systems.
Management and use of the prescription and non-prescription VMP:
According to Article 10 of the “Veterinarian act”, a practicing veterinarian shall not issue adiagnosis certificate or write a prescription without personally performing the diagnosis and/or
treatment.
In accordance with the "Veterinary Drugs Use Regulations", the use of veterinary prescription
drugs prescribed by a veterinarian shall comply with the “Standards of veterinary prescription
medicine sale and use”. Non-veterinarian prescription drugs can be used according to the
product label and packing insert approved by the BAPHIQ.
Prescription drugs and their use are divided into 3 categories: Category A: is limited to be used by the licensed veterinarian.
 Category B: can only be used under the supervision of a licensed veterinarian. It
includes vaccines and bacterins administered by injection.
 Category C: can be used by animal owners, animal producers and feedestablishments based on veterinarian's prescription. It includes vaccine and bacterinwith routes of administration other than injection (Intranasal, ocular and oral etc.).
Off-label use is permitted with veterinary prescription and is commonly used by small animal
practitioners. Own formulation is not allowed.
Medicated feed additives used for growth promotion or improvement of feed efficiency are nonprescription drugs. The use of these additives shall comply with the target animal, purpose,
administration route, dosage, withdrawal period and precautions described in the “MedicatedFeed Additives Use Regulation”. According to Article 5 of “Veterinary Drugs Use Regulations”,
the medicated feed additives can only be used by the registered animal feed establishments
and feedstuffs for personal on-farm use which conform to the “Feeds Control Act.”
An education campaign for farmers is in place for safe drug use and includes information on
the regulatory framework.
Sale and distribution
Prescription drugs shall not be bought or sold without the prescription of a practicing
veterinarian except for:a. The process of wholesale, import, export by veterinary drug manufacturers andwholesalers.
b. Purchases by animal hospitals, clinics, academic research units and LADIAs. Strict
controls for legally regulated drugs were observed at the Taipei Zoo clinic (PAA1) andPet hospitals visited (PAA2). All VMPs used in veterinary clinics and hospitals arerecorded (PAA3) but it was not clear if they are included in LADIA’s inspections.
The veterinary drug distributors shall follow the product’s recommendation to store, deliver andhandle the unstable or vulnerable products carefully. Moreover, the distributors should have97

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proper storage places and equipment for such products. Most farmers (livestock poultry) havefridge/freezer to store vaccines. The distributors shall inform the purchasers of the animal
species, dosage, incompatibility, side effects, withdrawal period and other precautions of the
product sold. Distributors should deal with any case of adverse drug reactions properly andnotify the LADIAs-in-charge.
Although adverse reactions must be “properly handled” and notified to LADIAs by the VMP
manufacturer there is no formal pharmacovigilance system.
Research and development:
In 2018, to support innovation in animal health, BAPHIQ formulated a draft “Standard of
herbals for animal medicine and feed addictive inspection and registration” and “Chinese
traditional herbals manufacturing”. The investment fund was NTD 2.5 million in 2018.
ATRI’s division of animal medicine conducts animal vaccine research and efficacy verification
services for pig and poultry vaccines. Under this state-supported system of research andtechnology development vaccines that might otherwise not be available due to limited market
size are developed in response to stakeholder demand including to face emergency
epidemics. A positive spin-off is the development of products for international markets.
Several swine vaccines and testing methods were developed, leading to 9 Chinese Taipei
patents and 17 foreign patents. The laboratory is currently developing a ferret badger oral
rabies vaccine. In the case of a PRSS vaccine, after securing a US patent, sales in Chinese
Taipei and the region have allowed employment of 33 staff in a modern production facility(E69) and generated export sales in 2016-18 of 7.7, 11.0 and 27.2 million NTD (E70).
Developments on international regulations related to veterinary biologicals and reports fromEU CVMP, UK VMD and USA FDA pharmacovigilance are integrated on a platform forregistration and document reviews of veterinary drugs.
All manufacturers with a legitimate registration certificate must join the TVMHA(http://tavm.industry.org.tw) within a month of start-up. The association represents 53
members who produce raw materials, biologicals and pharmaceuticals. The national
government has co-financed the application of GMP in the industry. TVMHA is invited to review
draft regulations and assess their suitability. It collaborates with government agencies on thedissemination and promotion of regulations, training and education, investigation of noncompliances and collection of data.
Strengths:
 Thorough regulatory framework on all aspects of authorisation/registration, import,
manufacture, quality control, export, labelling, advertising, distribution, sale (includes
dispensing) and use (includes prescribing) of VMP.
 Adequate systems and technical competence for control of manufacturing, distribution
and use of VMP.
 Good coordination between local administration and central services.
 Research and development capability both in the government and private sector todevelop VMP in high quality international recognised facilities.

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Weaknesses:
 Lack of an official pharmacovigilance programme that can support registration andquality inspection of VMP.
 No mutual recognition of authorization/registration regimes of other countries.
Recommendations: Develop and implement a pharmacovigilance programme.
 Further promote its own technical excellence to support regional and international
research and development in VMP.
Evidence (as listed in Appendix 6):
PME1, PME 1 Annexes 7, 12, 14/96; 15-16, 18, 92- 95; 97-105,108-118,125,127,131,161-162;
E2; E6; E22; E32a; E38; E48; E57; E71; E87; E98, E115(12); E118(5-1, 5-2,7-2, 7-30;
E119(Q13, Q52); PAA2-3

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II-9 Antimicrobial
Resistance (AMR) andAntimicrobial
Use (AMU)
The authority and capabilityof the VS to manage AMU
and AMR, and to undertakesurveillance and control ofthe development and spreadof AMR pathogens in animal
production and animal origin
food products, via a One
Health approach.

OIE PVS Evaluation – 2019

Levels of advancement
1. The VS cannot regulate or control AMR and AMU, and have notdeveloped or contributed to an AMR action plan covering theveterinary domain.
2. The VS are contributing or have contributed to a national AMR
action plan. The action plan has initiated some activities tocollect AMU/AMR data or control AMR e.g. awarenesscampaigns targeting veterinarians or farmers on the prudent
use of antimicrobials. The use of antimicrobials for growthpromotion is discouraged.
3. The VS have defined a national AMR action plan in coordination
with the Public Health authorities and other stakeholders, andare implementing some AMU/AMR surveillance andregulations. The use of antimicrobials for growth promotion isprohibited.
4. The VS are implementing a comprehensive AMR action plan
based on risk, including AMR surveillance of the most important
pathogens for animal health or food-borne diseases, themonitoring of AMU, and the prudent use of antimicrobials inanimals (especially the use of critically important
antimicrobials). The use of antimicrobials for growth promotion
does not occur.
5. An effective national AMR action plan covering the veterinary
domain is regularly audited, reviewed and updated by the VSwith the Public Health authorities and other stakeholders, using
the results of AMR surveillance. The scale and type of
antimicrobial usage in animals poses minimal risk of AMR andalternative solutions for the control of diseases in animals arebeing implemented.

Terrestrial Code reference(s): Appendix 1
Findings:
Antimicrobial Use
The Chinese Taipei regulation on VMP authorization requires that dossiers for registration of
new antimicrobials provide information on annual sales/use in approved countries, side effects,
mechanisms for cross resistance and AMR data, importance for treating animal diseases andcomparable trial data using at least one common /effective antibiotic. Registration of new
fluoroquinolones was recently suspended, and oral application banned.
A veterinary prescription is required for most antimicrobials, farmers are required to keepprescriptions for 2 years.
AMU data collection is conducted at customs (import of raw materials and VMP) and bypharmaceutical companies. Records of use of raw materials, production of final formulations(by product licence no. lot) and sale (by product licence no. lot, customer type and ID andquantity sold) are kept and reported to BAPHIQ’s central electronic system every 6 months.

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AMU can be estimated by using the formula:
AMU = (Previous period stock in manufacturer) + (Import) + (Domestically produced
active principles) + (Stock in manufacturers) – (Export)
BAPHIQ produces annual reports (OIE reporting option 1) 34 and the information is reported to
OIE.
BAPHIQ has produced various brochures, handouts, and promotional materials for animal
producers, veterinarians and industry on prudent use of antimicrobials. BAPHIQ also holds
lectures and launched an awareness campaign to enhance understanding of antibacterial
agents and appropriate animal drug use.
An animal vaccine development roadmap and other initiatives such as improved biosecurity
on farm are in place to promote AM alternatives.
Antimicrobials for growth promotion
In 2000, in order to control AMR in livestock and poultry, the COA and MOHW reached anagreement that COA shall start to gradually phase out animal antimicrobials in feed.
BAPHIQ priority delisting is based on a review of drug use in other countries, drugs having
higher risk to human health (medically important drugs for human medical use) and information
on drugs causing cross-resistance in both human and animal. 36 medicated feed additives
have been banned to date.
According to Article 4 of the “Regulations of the use of drugs for animals”, there are only 9“animal use only” drugs that can be used as medicated feed additives: 1.Apramycin
2.Avilamycin 3.Bicozamycin 4.Enramycin 5.Flavomycin (Bambermycin) 6.Nosiheptide
7.Sulfamethazine 8.Tiamulin and 9.Tylosin.
Using the formula above, the total AMU in feed can be estimated but not the use by animal
species.
The total of AM used in feed was 141,049 Kg in 2015, 126,389 Kg in 2016 and 136,192 Kg in2017. A small reduction of Vancomycin Resistant Enterococcus has been observed after
removal of Avoparcin, but resistance to Kanamycin is stable.
AMR surveillance
In 2006, to understand the effectiveness of the antimicrobial ban policy and to comply with the
OIE code, COA initiated an animal AMR surveillance programme in poultry, swine and cattle,
with a budget that ranged from NTD 3 million to 7.5 million per year.
Since 2017, BAPHIQ has collaborated with TCDC (MOHW), and MOST to carry out a “OneHealth Research Project”. This conforms to the Global Health Security Agenda (GHSA)
scheme and one of its goals is to fight AMR by developing intensive multidisciplinary
collaborations and appropriate prevention strategies. In this inter-ministerial project, COA
invested NTD 15.9 million per year to support a whole genome sequencing study of WHO
priority pathogens that includes Salmonella, MCR-1 Escherichia coli, and Extended Spectrum
Beta-Lactamase-producing microorganisms. It also supports AMR surveillance of Salmonella
isolated from carcasses, risk assessment of animal drugs, and drug resistance in animal
34 http://www.oie.int/fileadmin/Home/eng/Our_scientific_expertise/docs/pdf/AMR/A_AMUse_Guidance_2018.pdf

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coccidiosis. A whole genome sequence (WGS) platform is available allowing for studies on
phylogenicity (data sharing and outbreak response and a warning system for AMR genes).
In this surveillance programme, faecal samples are collected from pig, chicken and cattle farms
for detection of drug resistant bacteria. E. coli, Enterococci and other indicator organisms, aswell as zoonotic pathogens (such as Salmonella and Campylobacter) are monitored every
year. Determination is made by minimum inhibition concentration in accordance withinternational standards of the Clinical and Laboratory Standards Institute 35 . To ensure thereliability of the test, ATRI has established a quality control system and participates in aninterlaboratory minimal inhibition proficiency test each year.
Monitoring of drug resistance in livestock and poultry is based on the OIE’s recommendation.
The following antimicrobials are monitored: 1. Aminoglycosides, 2. Cephalosporin, 3.
Glycopeptides, 4. Lincosamide, 5. Lipopeptides, 6. Macrolides, 7. Penicillins, 8. Phenicols, 9.
Polypeptides, 10. Quinolones and 11. Tetracyclines
The annual surveillance results for animal drug resistance have been collected in the annual
report of BAPHIQ 36 and are a reference for future policy development.
The unofficial 2016 IHR Joint External Evaluation recommended that Chinese Taipei further
improve connections between surveillance systems for foodborne pathogens and AMR
organisms and expand efforts to test for AMR in the animal sector prior to slaughter to ensurethat resistance can be traced back to farms.
TCDC monitors and manages antibiotic resistance in humans and the use of antibiotics. For
the monitoring of drug-resistant microorganisms, TCDC is currently focusing on thesurveillance of drug-resistant microorganisms such as CRAB, CRKP, CRPA, VRE and MRSA.
TCDC has put in place several AMR control initiatives:
1) Multichannel surveillance on multi-drug resistant organisms - laboratory data fromclinical isolates since 2017, surveillance at hospitals (more than 100 enrolled in 2018),
a nosocomial infection surveillance system since 2007, the inclusion of AMR
microorganisms(CRE, VISA, VRSA and Candida auris) in the national notifiabledisease surveillance system and research projects focusing on WHO priority
pathogens.
2) National Antimicrobial Stewardship Programme operating since 2013 that focuses onrational use of AM and infection control.
3) Hospital accreditation and inspection related to the management of AMR.
4) Communication and education including e-learning, guidelines and handbooks,
targeting health care workers and the general public5) Hosted the 2018 Asian Pacific Economic Cooperation (APEC) conference on strategies
against evolving threats from AMR 37
6) In response to emergent AMR (mcr-1, ST11 CR-HvKP) TCDC invited human andanimal sectors to participate in response meetings and activities.
35 https://clsi.org/standards/products/veterinary-medicine/documents/
36 https://www.baphiq.gov.tw/view.php?catid=2962
37 https://aimp2.apec.org/sites/PDB/Lists/Proposals/DispForm.aspx?ID=2102

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National AMR control plan
To control the occurrence and spread of AMR, BAPHIQ and TCDC are finalizing a draft
National Action Plan on AMR 2020-2024. The strategic National Action Plan on AMR aims todecrease the risk for AMR in a collaborative way with stakeholders.
Strengths:
 A system to collect information on AMU is in place and data is reported to the OIE.
 A gradual delisting of antimicrobials in feed as growth promoters is ongoing since 2006
and the policy is supported by the industry and public.
 Awareness regarding prudent use of antimicrobials and AMR is high among all involved
stakeholders thanks to well-developed communication, and stakeholder engagementin the development and implementation of policies.
 Chinese Taipei has capacity for AMR detection and reporting, which began in 2006.
There are multiple systems for surveillance of resistant organisms in the human healthand animal health sectors and extensive laboratory capacity.
 Chinese Taipei uses OIE standards to conduct surveillance of AMR and to monitor
indicator bacteria within the animal sector. Testing is conducted in accordance with ISO
17025 and the Clinical and Laboratory Standards Institute requirements.
 A Whole Genome Sequence platform is available allowing for studies on phylogenicity:
data sharing and outbreak response and a warning system for AMR genes.
Weaknesses:
 Additional coordination at the laboratory level is needed between the human health andagricultural sectors.
 Sharing of data and bacterial isolates and susceptibility information could be improved
among TCDC, Taiwan Food and Drug Administration (TFDA), and COA.
 As noted by the JEE (E102) monitoring for AMR at slaughterhouses and farms provides
only a small window into resistance patterns. Trace-back to affected farms and removalof animals with resistant organisms from the food supply does not occur.
 Implemention of the National AMR action plan was adjusted to 2020-2024 due tobudget considerations.
Recommendations: Approve and implement the National AMR action plan.
 Work to further improve connections amongst surveillance systems for foodborne
pathogens and AMR organisms.
 Review robustness of the surveillance plan for AMR in the animal sector (prior toslaughterhouses).
Evidence (as listed in Appendix 6):
PME1, PME1 Annex 105; 106, 119,120,121; E16; E18; E32a; E76; E101; E102, E118(5),E119 (Q15, Q46, Q47

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II-10

Residuemonitoring
management

OIE PVS Evaluation – 2019

testing,and

The capability of the VS toundertake residue testing andmonitoring programmes forveterinary medicines (e.g.
antimicrobials
andhormones),chemicals,pesticides,
radionuclides,
heavy metals, etc. andrespond appropriately toadverse findings.

Levels of advancement
1. No residue testing for animal products is being undertaken.
2. Some residue testing is being undertaken, such as for research or pilot
purposes and/or it is conducted only on specific animal products forexport.
3. A comprehensive residue monitoring programme is conducted for all
animal products for export and some for domestic consumption basedon limited risk analysis. Documented protocols exist for preventing
residue risks (e.g. withholding periods for veterinary drugs) and for
responding to breaches of Maximum Residue Limits.
4. A comprehensive residue monitoring programme is conducted for all
animal products for export and domestic consumption based on risk
analysis. Effective protocols both reduce residue risks and respond tobreaches of Maximum Residue Limits, including traceback and follow up.
5. The residue monitoring and risk management programme is subject toroutine quality assurance and regular evaluation/audit.

Terrestrial Code reference(s): Appendix 1
Findings:
A comprehensive national residue testing, monitoring and management programme is in placethrough coordinated actions of several agencies with the following roles and responsibilities:
TFDA: is responsible for the chemical residues inspection methods and the “Standard
operation procedure and regulations of chemical analysis methods for food”. In recent years,
TFDA has taken part in the Food Analysis Performance Assessment Scheme (FAPAS) led by
the Central Scientific Laboratory of the United Kingdom. TFDA develops the annual postmarket monitoring programmes for aquatic products, eggs, livestock, poultry meat and dairy
products. These programmes include monitoring of heavy metals (methyl mercury, lead,
cadmium, copper and tin), mycotoxins (aflatoxin M1) and veterinary drug residues in markets
and are implemented by joint-inspections with the local government Public Health Bureaus. In
the time available the PVS Team was unable to formally assess the sampling frame. The
number of non-compliant cases is very small in products of animal origin. When a positive
result is obtained increased sampling is done on products from the source of the positive
sample.
Under the “Feed control act”, the Department of Animal Industry is responsible for the feed
residue monitoring plan. The Municipalities/Cities/Counties governments randomly sample
premises according to the annual required sample size. Analyses include beta-agonists,sulpha drugs, pesticides, heavy metals (such as lead, arsenic, cadmium, and mercury),
peroxide value, melamine, and aflatoxin. The DAI supervises the activities of local
governments and is responsible for enforcing penalties when non-compliance is detected.
Laboratories that are certified by the Taiwan Accreditation Foundation (TAF), such as the Feed
Analysis Centre, the Livestock Research Institute (LRI); the Taiwan Agricultural Chemicals andToxic Substances Research Institute and the Technical Service Centre of NAIF werecommissioned to perform chemical residue tests on animal feed.

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BAPHIQ is responsible for drug quality monitoring in livestock and poultry farms, at slaughterand for the monitoring of β-agonists and drug residues from pig hair in pork auction markets
and farms. The monitoring plan for veterinary drug residues in farms is defined by BAPHIQ
using an expert panel taking account of previous non-compliant findings and relative risks ofthe chemical substances.
LADIA’s inspectors collect samples from livestock and poultry farms, meat markets andslaughterhouses. These include pig serum, pig hair, cattle serum, goat serum, chicken meat,egg, duck meat, duck eggs, goose, and raw milk to be tested for target chemicals (e.g.
tetracycline, chloromycetin, penicillin and β-agonists). In 2016, 38,820 samples were tested
with an average pass rate of 99.94%. In 2017, 40,668 samples were tested.
A clear protocol for follow up of cases where drug residues are found either on farm animals
or animal products is in place including retests and penalties along with evidence of
implementation (E115(6)).
A meeting is held by BAPHIQ with LADIAs and NAIF twice a year to review the sampling
program. BAPHIQ has created an expert working group to review the veterinary residues
monitoring plan based on analytical results and the animal production status.
The Technical Service Centre of NAIF has 4 teams (document management, drug residue,
biology, chemistry), state of the art laboratories and 86 staff including 17 livestock farminspectors. It is fully accredited by TAF and TFDA and provides services to COA, BAPHIQ,
Agriculture and Food Agency (AFA) and FA as well as private companies. Proficiency testingwith international organizations is in place.
Drug residue surveillance is commissioned by BAPHIQ and includes 183 drugs and 126
pesticides residues, samples are collected by NAIF (Pig hair and blood from farms, auction
markets and slaughterhouses or LADIAS from poultry farms and raw milk). Results arereported to BAPHIQ. When non-compliance is detected on animals or products they are held
for investigation and retest. If the results are confirmed investigation on suppliers of illegal
drugs are pursued.
Comprehensive testing programmes are in place for residue monitoring in both domestic andimported feeds. Feed samples are collected by NAIF (on farm feed) or Agriculture departmentsof municipalities (feed mills) or BAPHIQ branches (at ports).
TSC also provides training and education for on farm feed production households, farm owners
and feed mills. TSC is an accredited laboratory (ISO/IEC 17025) for food and non-food testing.
Strengths:
 Residue testing programme includes all animal origin products (imports, domestic
consumption and for export) and feed.
 Roles and responsibilities of various governmental agencies are clear and well defined.
 Excellent laboratory network and quality assurance systems in place.
 Protocols to recall products and investigate breaches of Maximum Residue Limits arein place.
Weaknesses:
 None in evidence

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Recommendations: Review sampling frame for food and feed based on test accuracy and historicalsurveillance results to ensure effectiveness.
Evidence (as listed in Appendix 6): PME1 and Annexes 12. 16, 124-129; E12; E65a; E80;
E93; E98; E99; E100; E115(6); E118(23-7); E118(23-7); E119(Q16); E119(Q24)106

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OIE PVS Evaluation – 2019II-11 Animal feed safety
The authority and capability of the
VS to regulate animal feed safety
e.g. processing, handling, storage,
distribution and use of bothcommercial and on-farm produced
animal feed and feed ingredients.
This includes feed safety risks suchas swill feeding, feeding byproducts, ruminant feed bans, theuse of antimicrobials in feed, as wellas managing risks of microbial,
physical and toxin contamination offeed.

Levels of advancement
1. The VS cannot regulate animal feed safety.
2. The VS have some capability to exercise regulatory andadministrative control over animal feed safety.
3. The VS exercise regulatory and administrative control for most
aspects of animal feed safety.
4. The VS exercise comprehensive and effective regulatory andadministrative control of animal feed safety.
5. The control systems are regularly audited, tested and updated
when necessary.

Terrestrial Code reference(s): Appendix 1
Findings:
Regulatory framework:
Feed and feed additives shall comply with the “Feed Control Act”. Medicated feed shall comply
with the “Veterinary Drugs Control Act”. Under these laws a comprehensive regulatory
framework is in place for all aspects concerning animal feed safety (E15).
Feed management program
The feed management program includes the registration and inspection of feed production
establishments/mills, registration of products, sampling and analysis of feed and raw materials
and traceability requirements.
A feed mill standard is in place including GMP requirements. All feed production
establishments, including on farm feed production, are registered. Feed mills producing
medicated feed have special requirements to avoid cross contamination. The Local Agriculture
offices audit feed mills for GMP certification every 2 years, corrective actions are recorded andcommunicated to the Department of Animal Industry that only reissues a certificate after
guarantee that corrections were made. Establishments are inspected at least twice a year.
The DAI is responsible for the inspection, identification and registration of genetically modified
feeds and feed additives, and the management of the border inspection of imported feeds.
Starting in 2019, the inspection of imported of feeds will be carried out by BAPHIQ.
Safety limits of contaminants are established and reviewed by experts and industry. According
to the relevant provisions of the “Feed Control Act”, the DAI draws up the annual monitoringand sampling plan, and assigns the local agriculture office of the Municipality, County or City
to carry out inspections according to the planned target numbers. Supervision and sampling
are strengthened for high risk operators and products.

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Figure 22: Feed monitoring program

Samples are sent to designated labs (E93) that report results to the local Agriculture Bureau.
If samples are positive for drug residues the LADIA is informed and investigations are
conducted according to the “Veterinary Drug Control Act”. If other undesirable substances aredetected the local Agriculture Bureau will execute an administrative order of non-complianceaccording to the Feed control act (fine, recall and destruction of products).
BAPHIQ is responsible for the monitoring of medicated feed based on the “Animal Drug Control
Act”, “Management measures for the sale and use of veterinary drugs”, and “Veterinary Drugs
Use Regulations”. BAPHIQ supervises LADIAs to implement drug management, sets up
annual inspection plans (priority is given to feed establishments having records of noncompliances, newly established feed establishments and feed establishments not been visited
for a while), provides industry advice and produces a “Drug Safety Instruction manual” for feedestablishments.
LADIAs are responsible for investigations of use of prescription and non-prescription drugs infeed establishments. Feed establishment that violate the regulations and cause crosscontamination of drugs due to mismanagement will receive penalties.
Traceability and record keeping
According to Article 8 of the “Feed Control Act”, feed establishments and distributors should
record the source of the feed additive used and records of feed and feed additives produced
and sold. All evidence must be kept for 5 years according to the “Management measures fortraceability and tracking of feed and feed additives”.
Swill feeding
Kitchen waste can be used for pig feeding and must comply with EPA regulations. Swill feedingis still practiced for production of “black pig” (local breeds). The VA and producers are aware

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OIE PVS Evaluation – 2019of the risks associated with this practice and a policy to discourage it was put in place withsupport of the producers. Producers were provided with financial and technical support(Department of Animal Health Industries) to install on-farm thermal (90°C) treatment stations
for swill. Nevertheless, the transition can be difficult for smallholder farms that may be assisted
by government compensation to cease production. Producers that do not perform thermal
treatment are prosecuted. Pingtung district has 140 farms that still use swill feeding, thesefarms were inspected 4 times since Nov 18 by LADIA, EPA and AHI.
Feeding by-products
Blood and bone meal are not used for ruminant feed production. About 100 samples ofruminant feed are taken for animal protein detection under the annual monitoring plan. There
was no case of non-compliance in the last three years (2017-2019). Most animal protein
sources are imported.
Ruminant feed bans
A ruminant feed ban has been in place since 2001. The feed monitoring program includes
analytical controls for presence of mammalian protein in ruminant feed.
Strengths:
 Comprehensive regulatory framework for registration of animal feed production
establishments and feed management program including traceability requirements.
 Regular inspections and controls are carried out with collaboration between different
governmental agencies.
 Updated list of establishments.
Weaknesses:
 Swill feeding can constitute a risk for animal diseases transmission in spite ofrequirements for thermal treatment.
Recommendations: Continue to develop and implement policies and measures to eliminate risks of swill
feeding.
Evidence (as listed in Appendix 6): PME1, PME1Annexes 18; 98; 99, 130-131; E8; E15; E38;
E87; E92; E93; E97; E98; E99; E119(Q21, Q32, Q34)

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II-12 Identification,
traceability
andmovement control
A.

Premises, herd, batchandanimalidentification, tracing
and movement control

The authority and capability of
the VS, in coordination withproducersandotherstakeholders, to regulate theidentification of animals, totrace their history andlocation(s), and to control
domestic movements for the
purpose of animal disease
control, food safety, trade orother legal requirements
under the VS mandate.

OIE PVS Evaluation – 2019

Levels of advancement
1. The VS do not have the authority or the capability to regulate theidentification of animals, either individually, by batch, or by premises, orto trace and control their movements.
2. The VS can identify some animals by premises or location and control
some movements, using traditional methods, and can demonstrate theability to deal with a specific problem (e.g. to trace sampled or vaccinatedanimals for follow up, or to prevent theft).
3. The VS implement a system for animal identification, traceability andmovement control for specific animal sub-populations (e.g. for export, atborders, specified zones or markets) as required for traceability and/or
disease control, in accordance with international standards.
4. The VS implement appropriate and effective animal identification,
traceability and movement control procedures for some animal species
at national level, in accordance with international standards.
5. The VS carry out periodic audits of the effectiveness of theiridentification, traceability and movement control systems. They havebeen demonstrated as effective in dealing with a problem (e.g. tracing a
disease outbreak, residue or other food safety incident).

Terrestrial Code reference(s): Appendix 1
Findings:
Identification and traceability are regulated by the following laws and regulations:•“Statute for Prevention and Control of Infectious Animal Diseases” and the enforcement
rules,•“Animal Industry Act”,•“Agricultural Products Market Transaction Act”, and•“Verification Management Measures for Good/Traceable Agricultural Products.

The resulting programmes are as follows:
A. Animal production premises registration
All animal production premises are registered by the DAI. Registration of farms follows acommon inspection by the appropriate local authority.
B. Livestock(a) Beef Cattle
Since November 2012 DAI has implemented the “Domestic Beef Traceability System”. The
system connects the individual ear tag number of cattle with the farm of origin,slaughterhouse and market traceability system.
(b) Dairy cattle and dairy goats
All dairy cattle older than one year are tattooed at the livestock farm with an “epidemic
prevention number” less than 7 digits. The first and second numbers are the year and110

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Country/City codes; the remaining numbers are the animal number. Calves are identified
with ear tags with the same number within 1 week after birth.
A case of successful traceback of bovine TB is reported (E109).
All goats are either tattooed or marked with an ear tag. As with cattle, the first numbers are
the year and County/City codes and the remaining digits are the goat number.
(c) Pigs
At auction market animals are tattooed with an 8-digit code that allows for individual
identification. To identify the farm of origin, COA assists meat markets to collect the“certificate for pig from single farm” from farmers, based on the “Agricultural Products
Market Transaction Act”. All information on individual pigs and its farm of origin can be
retrieved froma domestic
fresh
pork
traceability
information
network(http://farm.naif.org.tw/).
The FMD vaccination program ended July 1st, 2018. Since then farmers must issue a“Livestock Health Statement” before transporting their animals (pigs, cattle, goats) to a meat
market or slaughterhouse. If the contents of the statement are incomplete, the VIC shallnotify the LADIAs. If the health certificate has not been attached or invalid, the farmer canbe fined between NTD 50 thousand to 1 million, according to Article 28-1 of the “Statute forPrevention and Control of Infectious Animal Disease”.
(d) Poultry
Starting from January 23, 2015, poultry farmers must submit a health certificate issued by
the poultry farm veterinarian before transporting poultry to a slaughterhouse. If the healthcertificate has not been issued or is invalid, the farmer would be fined as described above
for livestock.
The certificate includes information on the species, quantity and farm origin. A case of AI
was found at slaughter, trace back investigations were made, and the farm of origin
identified.
Furthermore, every batch of native chicken for slaughter must be transported with both thehealth certificate on the “cage” and a “farm of origin mark” since October 2017. The codeon the “mark” is used to identify and track the source. There are three wholesale markets
for native chicken in Chinese Taipei. Market management is done by local government andsupervised by LADIAs.
The poultry health certificate must be checked by the VIC at the slaughterhouse. If thecontents of the certificate are incomplete, the VIC notifies the LADIA to carry out theinspection.
Information on movement control is reported by fax and does not use the animal healthmanagement system.
(e) Dogs and cats
Under the Animal Protection Act, owners shall register the birth, acquisition, transfer, loss
and death of a pet with the LADIA or certified non-governmental organization. After
registration, the pet can receive an ID tag from the LADIA and a microchip is implanted.
According to the announcement of the Municipalities/Cities/Counties Government, dogs,
cats, and artificially raised carnivores must be vaccinated for rabies when they reach 3-111

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months of age and booster vaccinations are required every year. The owner will receive avaccination certificate and a tag. LADIAs manage the animal information through the“Rabies vaccination management system” and send a vaccination reminder to the petowners every year.
Strengths:
 Effective identification system to trace animal history, location and distribution for
purposes of animal disease control, food safety, and trade.
 Interoperability of animal/premises identification management systems with animal
disease management systems and food product market traceability
Weaknesses:
 Livestock movement documents are declarations issued by farmers, not veterinarians
Recommendations: Integrate the information from movement documents (health certificates for poultry andhealth declaration for livestock) into the animal health management system.
 Consider the implementation of health certificates issued by veterinarians (notdeclarations by farmers) for livestock movement.
Evidence (as listed in Appendix 6): PME1, PME1 Annex 132,133; E13; E32a; E76; E81 a-c;
E85; E86; E91; E96; E97; E118-(29); E119(Q30, Q50, Q55)

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B.

Identification,
traceability
andcontrol of products ofanimal originThecapabilityoftheVeterinary
Authority,
incoordination with Competent
Authorities (such as foodsafety authorities) and otherstakeholders as appropriate,to achieve whole-of-chain
traceability, including theidentification, tracing andcontrol of products of animal
origin for the purpose of foodsafety, animal health or trade.

OIE PVS Evaluation – 2019

Levels of advancement
1. The VS do not have the capability or access to information to identify or
trace products of animal origin.
2. The VS can identify and trace some products of animal origin, bycoordination between Competent Authorities, to deal with a specificproblem (e.g. high risk products traced back to premises of origin).
3. The VS have implemented procedures to identify and trace someproducts of animal origin, in coordination with Competent Authorities, forfood safety, animal health and trade purposes, in accordance withinternational standards.
4. The VS have implemented national programmes enabling them toidentify and trace all products of animal origin, and respond to threats, incoordination with Competent Authorities, in accordance withinternational standards.
5. The VS periodically audit the effectiveness of their identification andtraceability procedures, in coordination with Competent Authorities. The
procedures have been demonstrated as being effective for traceback
and response to a relevant food safety incident (e.g. foodborne zoonoses
or residue incident).

Terrestrial Code reference(s): Appendix 1
Findings:
Traceability of food products including traceability systems for raw materials, semi products,
end products, the use of electronic uniform invoices, and the declaration of traceability
information are regulated by the “Act Governing Food Safety and Sanitation” (Art. 9).
The obligation of food traceability relies on food businesses operators that must establish
traceability systems and electronically share their traceability information to the official
traceability system, “Ftracebook” (https://ftracebook.fda.gov.tw/). The food traceability system(E110c) is the result of an inter-ministerial collaboration between the MOHW, Ministry of
Economic Affairs and Ministry of Finance. Every food business has a log in associated to its
registration number. The information to describe product flow is defined by the competentauthority. All trading information is included in electronic uniform invoices.
The food traceability management information system (“Ftracebook”), the registration platformof food businesses (“Fadenbook”), the Product Management Distribution system (PMDS), theImported Food Inspection system (IFI) and the sampling and testing management systemconstitute the “Foodcloud”; an integrated system that covers all aspects of food safety (seeFigure 6 and E129b).
Private operators such as supermarket chains have developed their own traceability andlabelling standards as well as fidelity card systems that allow for quick recall if necessary.
All meat livestock and poultry carcasses, viscera or their packaging containers that were
inspected and passed shall be marked with the “INSPECTED AND PASSED” (Annex 176),
symbol at slaughterhouse. The inspection BAPHIQ code for livestock contains the number ofthe slaughterhouse and the inspection date. Livestock will also have the individual identifier

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OIE PVS Evaluation – 2019code per animal. Offal sold for human consumption does not have individual identification(animal identification).
The poultry inspection symbol contains a QR code with coded information on slaughterhousenumber, line and date of slaughter, and information on the farm of origin. The labelling forslaughter inspection is placed for each lot. A lot corresponds to 1 farm /1 pavilion/1 day. If the
product is repacked (e.g. at supermarket) the packing label must keep traceability. Rejectedcarcasses are sprayed blue.
Identification of all animals at slaughterhouse makes traceback of farm of origin possible if ananimal disease is diagnosed at auction/slaughter.
The QR Code of poultry products can be scanned by mobile phone making all information(farm of origin, inspection information and any additional certifications such as Verification
Management Measures for Good Agricultural Products or Verification Management, Measures
for Traceable Agricultural Products) available to the consumer.
The inspection mark must be maintained for the products traceability along the supply chain
even when meat is sold unpacked as in traditional markets. The team visited traditional
markets and could observe that traceability was not always maintained.
Dairy and egg products establishments have access to the Ftracebook. Larger companies
upload their information on origin and distribution once a month, smaller companies more
often.
Strengths:
 Comprehensive traceability system for all food products of animal origin including
information for raw materials, semi-products, and end products.
 Integrated food safety information system that allows for integration, analysis and audit
of food safety data.
 Use of smart technologies to provide maximum access of information to consumers.
Weaknesses:
 Absence of traceability marks on meat products in traditional markets.
Recommendations: Conduct periodic audits of the effectiveness of identification and traceability
procedures, in coordination with TFDA.
 Conduct simulation exercises and/or a review of a relevant food safety incident to verify
the effectiveness of traceback/traceforward and product recall and learn lessons for
improvement.
Evidence (as listed in Appendix 6): PME1 and Annexes 176; E85; E86; E91; E96; E97; E110c;
E117; E118; E118(M8a-M8b-M9); E119(Q31)114

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OIE PVS Evaluation – 2019

Animal welfare

The authority and capability of the
VS to legislate and implement the
animal welfare standards of the
OIE as published in the Terrestrial
Code.
This requires consultation andcoordination with Competent
Authorities,
non-governmentalorganisations
and
other
stakeholders, as appropriate.

Levels of advancement
1. There is no national legislation or regulations on animal welfare.
2. There is limited national legislation or regulations on animal welfare
covering some of the OIE standards, with limited stakeholder or
public awareness.
3. The national legislation and regulations on animal welfare covermost OIE standards, with some awareness programmes andimplementation, but are in conformity with international standards
in only some sectors (e.g. for the export sector).
4. Animal welfare programmes, supported by suitable legislation andregulations, are being implemented in conformity with relevantinternational standards and are applied to most sectors and species
with stakeholder and public awareness. Documented complianceprogrammes, including consequences for non-compliance areavailable.
5. Animal welfare programmes, supported by suitable legislation andregulations, are being implemented in conformity with relevantinternational standards. Comprehensive national programmes areapplied to all sectors and species with the active involvement of
stakeholders. The animal welfare programmes, including noncompliance issues, are subject to regular audit and review, with
documented cases of responding effectively to non-compliance.

Terrestrial Code reference(s): Appendix 1
Findings:
Legislative framework and responsibilities
The regulatory framework is the Animal Protection Act (last amended 2018/12/26) and 26
related sub-regulations and administrative rules 38 that establish general provisions,
responsibilities and penalties. Enforcement rules are established for pets, wildlife animal
rescues and management, animal transportation and management, standards for humaneslaughter of livestock and poultry, and care and use of laboratory animals 39.
The VA are currently revising the regulatory framework to align with international standards.
The Animal protection section of the DAI is responsible for drafting, coordinating andsupervising the implementation of animal protection policies and regulations and international
cooperation and communication activities. The Forestry Bureau is responsible formanagement of issues related with wild and conservation animals.
The training of staff is mentioned in Article 13.3 of Animal Protection Act. ATRI is responsible
for training of animal transport and livestock slaughterhouse staff (604 workers in 2018). An
examination is obligatory to obtain the licence issued by Local Agriculture Council authorities.
Continuous education is also required for VMI and MIA. The same procedure will be applied
for poultry handlers for whom training but not certification has begun.

38 https://law.coa.gov.tw/GLRSnewsout/EngLawContent.aspx?lan=C&id=305
39 http://law.coa.gov.tw/GLRSnewsout/EngLawQuery.aspx

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Compliance is verified by a variety of means such as use of checklists for inspection oftransportation and slaughter operations, or review, approval and implementation of animal use
protocols in laboratories. Consequences for non-compliance can include interruptions ofslaughter operations, refusal of experimental protocols, and penalties consistent withregulations.
Animal Transportation and Management Regulations
Poultry and livestock are covered by the regulations on animal transport and management.
Private standards are also available. Farmers that adhere to farm welfare standards candisplay it in the label of their products.
There are guidelines for 3 different types of egg production systems (environmental enriched
cage, indoors on floor, and free range) and respective stocking density, guidelines for animalhusbandry and space allowance for different stages in pig production (breeding-boar,
pregnant/ lactation sow, gilt and meat production-suckling piglet, weaner, grower, and finisher).
The “Animal Transportation and Management Regulations” specify the means of transportation
and related precautions for pigs, cattle, and sheep. Regulations include definitions of minimum
space per animal, temperature limits and provision of water. Welfare during transport is lessof a concern than in some countries due to short distances travelled.
Animal producers’ associations have been consulted on the drafting of regulations and support
policy dissemination.
Humane slaughter
Regulations cover all aspects of the slaughter of livestock and poultry in slaughterhouses:
loading, unloading, holding, restraint, stunning, and bleeding of animals. Inspection for
approval of slaughterhouses includes inspection of animal welfare conditions. A check list foranimal welfare at slaughterhouse is available and can be used for inspection for the various
livestock and poultry species. The check list includes controls at unloading, holding pen,stunning bath, bleeding and others.
Controls during slaughtering include stunning equipment controls and animal-based indicators(e.g. pupilar reflex). Meat inspectors have the authority to stop slaughtering if conditions are
not respected.
A few slaughterhouses are licenced for Halal religious slaughter. Stunning is still done even in
Halal slaughter.
In the slaughterhouses visited there were no stunning inspection controls being performed.
Laboratory animals
According to Article 16 of the Animal Protection Act, institutions using animals for scientificapplications shall set up a panel for the care and use of laboratory animals within the institution.
The Institutional Animal Care and Use Committee (IACUC) of laboratory animals supervises
all animal experiments. Copies of IACUC permits were available (E29, E30, E79). Training isavailable for laboratory animal management and care.
The guide for care and use of laboratory animals provides specifications for the welfare oflaboratory animals, personnel for a laboratory animal facility, IACUC membership andsupervision of care and use of laboratory animals.

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Pet registration
Pets should be registered with microchips implanted within 4 months of age. An update of theregistration is required if the pet is transferred to another owner, lost, or dies. The owner islegally responsible for the pet welfare and breeding control. Establishment of animal shelters
is also included in the content of the regulation
Enforcement is ensured by LADIA offices in municipalities. Taipei animal protection inspectors
specifically handle animal welfare issues, conduct inspections of pet clinics and hospitals,
investigate cases of poor animal welfare and have the authority to prosecute offenders.
The animal facilities at the animal quarantine centre are designed to ensure good welfare fordifferent animal species in quarantine (dogs, cats, cattle, pigs, birds, horses, ….). All animals
undergo veterinary health checks and if any disease occurs are given clinical treatment at thequarantine, vet clinic or NTU depending on severity. No records from inspection or audits fromthe animal welfare unit.
Wild animals
In both visited rescue centres, a very high level of attention to animal welfare, management
and environmental enrichment was observed. Animal handlers receive animal welfare training
and the centres follow IACUC regulations. A protocol for euthanasia based on an AVMA
guideline 40 is in place.
Working animals
Dogs working at airport quarantine services can only work up to 4,5h a day and must have a
break every 30 min.
Strengths:
 An animal welfare regulatory framework covering all production animals, pets, wild
animals and laboratory animals is in place.
 Regulations were developed in consultation with producers’ associations.
 Private welfare certification systems are in place for some species/production systems.
 Roles and responsibilities on animal welfare protection are well defined.
 Checklists and enforcement rules are in place for most/all animal welfare situations.
 Training, certification and continuous education on animal welfare matters is available
for animal handlers.
Weaknesses:
 Implementation of animal welfare regulations is ongoing but not completed.
Recommendations: Continue implementing animal welfare programmes, including action to address noncompliance issues and the establishment of regular audits and reviews.
Evidence (as listed in Appendix 6): PME1; E19; E28; E29; E30; E32a; E33; E38; E40a&b;
E71; E74; E76; E77; E79; E80; E84; E85; E88; E96; E97; E111; E115; E123; E124; E125;
E126

40 https://www.avma.org/KB/Policies/Documents/euthanasia.pdf

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III.3 Fundamental component III: Interaction with stakeholders
This component of the evaluation concerns the capability of the VS to collaborate with andinvolve non-government stakeholders including the private sector, Non-Government
Organisations (NGOs) and civil society organisations (including consumer organisations) in
the implementation of programmes and activities. This also includes relevant state-owned
enterprises, research institutions, universities and other training establishments.

Critical Competencies:
III-1

Communication ............................................................................................................. 119

III-2

Consultation with stakeholders ................................................................................... 122

III-3

Official representation and international collaboration ............................................ 125

III-4

Accreditation/ authorisation/ delegation .................................................................... 127

III-5

Regulation of the profession by the Veterinary Statutory Body (VSB) ................... 129

III-6

Participation of producers and other stakeholders in joint programmes .............. 132

III-7

Veterinary clinical services .......................................................................................... 134-------------------------------------Terrestrial Code References:
Points 6, 7, 9 and 13 of Article 3.1.2. on Fundamental principles of quality: Veterinary legislation/Generalorganisation/Procedures and standards/Communication.
Point 9 of Article 3.2.1. on General considerations.
Points 2 and 7 of Article 3.2.3. on Evaluation criteria for the organisational structure of the Veterinary Services.
Sub-point b) of Point 2 of Article 3.2.6. on Administrative resources: Communications.
Article 3.2.11. on Participation on OIE activities.
Article 3.2.12. on Evaluation of the veterinary statutory body.
Points 4, 7 and Sub-point g) of Point 9 of Article 3.2.14. on Administration details/Animal health and veterinary public healthcontrols/Sources of independent scientific expertise.
Chapter 3.3. on Communication.
Point 4 of Article 3.4.3. on General principles: Consultation.
Article 3.4.5. on Competent Authorities.
Article 3.4.6. on Veterinarians and veterinary paraprofessionals.

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III-1 Communication
The capability of the VS to
keepnongovernment
stakeholders
aware
and
informed, in a transparent,
effective and timely manner,ofVS
activities
andprogrammes,
andofdevelopments
inanimalhealth, animal welfare andveterinary public health.
This competency includes
communication with all nongovernment
stakeholders,
including livestock farmer,
meat sector, dairy sector andtrading groups, as well as
relevant NGOs and thegeneral public, such as via
communication
campaigns
and the media, including
social media.

Levels of advancement
1. The VS do not inform stakeholders of VS activities and programmes.
2. The VS have informal communication mechanisms with somestakeholders e.g. with the larger commercial livestock or relatedcompanies.
3. The VS maintain a dedicated and specialist communications function
which communicates with stakeholders occasionally, but it is not always
up-to-date or pro-active in providing information.
4. The VS contact point or unit for communication provides up-to-date
information to most relevant stakeholders. This information is alignedwith a well developed communications plan, and accessible via theInternet and other appropriate channels targeted to the audience, andcovers relevant events, activities and programmes, including duringcrises.
5. The VS have a well-developed communications plan, and regularly
circulate information to all relevant stakeholders, well targeted to theaudience via the full range of communications media, including social
media. The VS regularly evaluate and revise their communications plan.

Terrestrial Code reference(s): Appendix 1
Findings:
According to Section 6 of the “Freedom of Government Information Law”, policy and otherrelevant governmental information related to people's rights must be openly available.
Communication with stakeholders is required during both the drafting and implementation ofpolicies. Stakeholders include internal and external agencies, professional representation
organizations and the public. If a proposed regulation has an impact in either a government
agency or a particular stakeholder group it must be discussed with the interested parties,
including consultation of experts or holding seminars and public hearings when necessary. If
an increase of the personnel or the budget of local self-governing groups occurs, they also
must be consulted. As of January 1, 2017, the draft of any law or order must be openly available
and be published on the “Public Policy Network Participation Platform” for at least 60 days tocollect public opinion.
The VS have a well-structured communication strategy consistent with the OIE code, and acommunications focal point has been appointed. Regular assessment of communication
strategies and content efficacy are performed every 6 months.
Dedicated communication training is available for senior officials. Media lines are prepared,
and good coordination mechanisms exist amongst various government agencies, including the
Office of Food Safety of the Executive Yuan, TCDC, TFDA, EPA, Customs Administration,
Coast Guard Administration, Prosecution Authority, and LADIAs. A protocol for crisis
communication is established.
The food safety contact person for the COA is the Agriculture and Food Agency, responsible
for the integration and transmission the relevant information for the COA. The Animal Health119Chinese Taipei

OIE PVS Evaluation – 2019

Inspection Division of the BAPHIQ is responsible for collecting relevant information for
BAPHIQ.
TFDA and food related associations hold regular meetings through the food industry alliancecommunication platform.
BAPHIQ’s animal health inspection affairs unit is responsible for animal disease, veterinary
affairs and animal drugs management. The unit communicates with local authorities, farmers,
veterinarians, pharmaceutical manufacturers and public. Communication is through official
documents, announcements, plans, reports, e-mails, telephone, faxes, newsletters, websites
and social networks. The use of popular @Line groups is very common to ensure informal
communication between the authorities but also with stakeholders. The BAPHIQ web site andother official pages are well organised, easy to search, regularly updated and provide
information, links and access to official systems.
The BAPHIQ promotes a series of professionally designed public and animal health awarenesscampaigns, examples are the campaigns on ASF, rabies and AMR but also activities relatedwith conservation of endemic species. Promotional signs, electronic boards, posters anddisposal boxes for animal and animal products are placed at the passenger immigration office
at international airports and ports. Brochures and folding guides are also available for the public
at the offices of each BAPHIQ’s branch. Provision of educational activities in schools educates
students on the importance of animal and plant health and quarantine.
Regular or non-regular industry seminars, animal quarantine liaison meetings, national antiepidemic liaison meetings, joint visits and various official meetings are held. In case of an
emergent animal epidemic, experts and relevant agencies are invited to form a special panel
to plan future strategy. When there is the need for communication with the public a discussion
with LADIAs, industries, veterinary organizations and other relevant organizations is supported
either through meeting or web-conferencing (online).
In case of animal health epidemics, a system for daily update of available information by anassigned specialist, a pipeline for quick release of information and the building and maintainingof a dedicated website and hotline are used to communicate with relevant departments andthe public to ensure sustainable and effective communication.

120

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OIE PVS Evaluation – 2019

Figure 23: Awareness and Education Campaigns

Strengths:
 A well-structured active communication programme consistent with all elements
required of level 5.
Weaknesses:
 None in evidence
Evidence (as listed in Appendix 6): PME1 and Annexes 22, 30-32, 88, 90, 132-133, 135;
PME3; E1; E2; E3; E6; E7; E31; E38; E60; E74; E75; E76; E77; E118(5-1, 5-2, M10, M11, 61); E119 (Q5); E127

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Chinese Taipei

III-2 Consultation
stakeholders

OIE PVS Evaluation – 2019

withThe capability of the VS toconsult effectively with nongovernment stakeholders on
VS policies and programmes,and on developments inanimal health and food safety.
This competency includes
consultation with all nongovernment
stakeholders,
including livestock farmer,
meat sector, dairy sector andtradinggroupsor
associations, as well asinterested
NGOsandmembers of the public.
Unlike communication (CCIII1), consultation is two way
andshouldinvolvemechanisms that not only
inform, but actively seek
views of consulted parties, forconsideration and response.

Levels of advancement
1. The VS have no mechanisms for consultation with non-government
stakeholders.
2. The VS maintain informal channels of consultation with some nongovernment stakeholders (e.g. only the larger commercial livestock or
related companies)
3. The VS hold formal consultations with non-government stakeholders,
usually represented by industry groups or associations.
4. The VS regularly hold workshops and meetings with non-government
stakeholders, who are organised to have broad representation, such as
through elected, self-financed industry groups or associations.
Consultation outcomes are documented and the views of stakeholders
considered and occasionally incorporated.
5. The VS actively consult with all non-government stakeholders, including
representatives of smaller producers, regarding current and proposed
policies and programmes, developments in animal health and foodsafety, and proposed interventions at the OIE, Codex Alimentarius
Commission, WTO SPS Committee, etc. The consultation results inimproved, better adapted activities and greater stakeholder support.

Terrestrial Code reference(s): Appendix 1
Findings:
Extensive lists of national organizations are available for veterinarians, livestock owners,
producers and others involved in livestock and poultry production, including minor species(PME1 pages 207-208). These are organized by area of interest:
A. Veterinary Drug Associations:
B. Veterinary Medical Associations:
C. Associations related to animal quarantine
D. National organizations, institutions involved in slaughter health inspection
E. National organization related to animal husbandry and the veterinary industry
As described in CC-III.1, consultation is mandatory if a new policy may have an impact on agroup of stakeholders. The VA have established formal contact points with several stakeholder
organizations and a schedule of regular meetings on issues related to the development ofveterinary legislation, policies and programmes.
Regular meetings are scheduled with the following groups composed of experts,
representatives of relevant associations and relevant authorities:
 The advisory group on swine fever, foot-and-mouth disease and important swine
diseases Expert guidance group on herbivorous animal diseases
 High pathogenic avian influenza prevention and control working group122

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OIE PVS Evaluation – 2019

 Expert meeting on rabies epidemic prevention measures
 Counselling meeting of Animal Drug Control act
 Technical review committee for animal drugs
 Animal quarantine risk advisory group, Advisory committee on animal epidemic prevention and quarantine
Examples of stakeholders’ contributions are:1) participation of the Swine Producers association in the policy and implementation FMD-freezones without vaccination,2) the CFCT contribution to the Consumers Protection Act of 1994 and the amendment of theFood Safety Act of 2014 and3) the consultation with veterinary drug manufacturers, non-governmental veterinary medicine
and breeding associations for an ongoing revision Veterinary Drug Act.
Animal producers are politically influential and have direct access to the Minister and otherdecision makers. The Swine producer’s association also participates in the BAPHIQ review
meetings for FMD (E48) and ASF on epidemiological monitoring, biosecurity and prevention.
The Consumers Association has an expert committee on food related issues and is active on
issues such as the finding of Fipronil in eggs and the ban of beef from the USA - examples
mentioned during the team visit. After the incident Fipronil was removed from the approved listof pesticides.
The Taiwan Feed Industry Association is responsible for a feed quality safety counsellinggroup composed of industry and research experts. The group provides advice on managementof medicated feed.
A Food Safety Coordination Task Force was organized by the Executive Yuan in accordancewith Article 2-1 of the “Governing Food Safety and Sanitation Act”. The president of the Task
Force is the Prime Minister. The Office of Food Safety, TCDC, TFDA, COA, EPA, experts andnon-government groups and consumer groups are members of the Task Force. Conferences
are held routinely every 3 months. A special meeting may be held when there is need tocoordinate an incident or crisis related to food safety. The task force coordinates food safety
risk analysis and management, establishing early warning and audit systems of food safety
and hygiene, and other coordination, supervision, promotion and investigations of food safety.
The Central Epidemic Control Centre produces minutes documenting joint rabies meetings(E115, Q8).
Stakeholders are also consulted on the development of international norms. BAPHIQ will study
the draft of OIE’s Terrestrial and Aquatic Animal Health Codes, distribute the information to
relevant institutions, organizations and industrial associations and publish information on theirwebsite for public comments. Subsequently, the comments collected will be reflected in
Chinese Taipei’s submission to the OIE.
Strengths:
 Non-government stakeholders are consulted on VS policies and programmes, bothduring planning and drafting as well as implementation

123Chinese Taipei

OIE PVS Evaluation – 2019 Legal provisions are in place for consultation of interested stakeholders and citizens ingeneral The private sector is well organized and has capacity to provide relevant input to VS
policies and programmes.
Weaknesses:
 None in evidence
Recommendations: As consultation is a legal requirement and the veterinary authorities actively seek input
from many non-governmental stakeholders it is important to ensure that the views ofsmaller producers are adequately captured and considered.
Evidence (as listed in Appendix 6): PME1 and Annexes 13, 136 & 137; E2; E5; E32; E48;
E57; E58; E59; E115 (Q8); E118(annex6.3); E119 (Q5); E127

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III-3 Official representation
andinternational
collaboration
The capability of the VS toregularly
andactively
participate, coordinate andprovide follow-up on relevant
meetings and activities ofregional and internationalorganisations including theOIE, Codex Alimentarius
Commission,
WTO SPS
Committee, WHO, FAO andRegional
Economic
Communities.

OIE PVS Evaluation – 2019

Levels of advancement
1. The VS do not participate in or follow up on relevant meetings or activities
of regional or international organisations.
2. The VS sporadically participate in relevant meetings or activities and/or
make a limited contribution.
3. The VS actively participate in the majority of relevant meetings andactivities, and provide some feedback to national colleagues.
4. The VS consult with non-government stakeholders and take into
consideration their opinions in developing papers and making
interventions in relevant meetings and in following up on meetingoutcomes at national or regional level.
5. The VS consult with non-government stakeholders to provide leadership,
to ensure that strategic issues are identified, and to ensure coordination
among national delegations as part of their participation in relevant
meetings, and follow up on meeting outcomes at national and/or regional
levels. The VS collaborate internationally by sharing information andassisting to build capacity where appropriate.

Terrestrial Code reference(s): Appendix 1
Findings:
Chinese Taipei is not a member of UN agencies such as Codex Alimentarius Commission,
WHO and FAO. In the WTO, Chinese Taipei is called the “Separate Customs Territory of
Taiwan, Penghu, Kinmen and Matsu (Chinese Taipei), and has been a member since 2002.
Chinese Taipei‘s VA delegation attended 6 regular meetings of the Committee on Sanitary andPhytosanitary (SPS) of the World Trade Organization (WTO) from 68th session to 73rd session
in the last two years. Also, the officials attended relevant thematic meetings and workshops on
the margins of the Committee meetings.
Although not a member of WHO Chinese Taipei undertook a separate, unofficial IHR Joint
External Evaluation process in 2016.
BAPHIQ supports the Taiwan Veterinary Medical Association to represent Chinese Taipei inits ongoing participation in the World Veterinary Association (WVA), Federation of Asian
Veterinary Associations (FAVA), Federation of Asian Small Animal Veterinary Associations(FASAV), and World Small Animal Veterinary Association (WSAVA).
Chinese Taipei has been an OIE member or participant since 1954 with active engagement at
both regional (http://www.rr-asia.oie.int/about-us/members/list-view/) and global levels.
Chinese Taipei provides OIE reference laboratories for CSF and two aquatic animal diseases.
It has a very high level of transparency with immediate notifications, follow-up reports, regular
six monthly and annual reports. Chinese Taipei provides active contributions to thedevelopment and updated of the aquatic and terrestrial codes and manuals. A long list of
events was organized with the OIE regional office including a recent event on ASF. Chinese
Taipei has nominated 8 focal points who regularly participate in meetings and workshops fortheir respective areas.

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OIE PVS Evaluation – 2019

Relations with many international partners are established both at scientific and commercial
levels. Chinese Taipei proactively organizes annual meetings with trade partners.
Examples of scientific collaborations are the Taipei zoo’s collaboration with international zoo
associations, ADIB collaboration with veterinary drug authorities and inspection agencies from
US, Australia, Japan, NL, South Korea, Vietnam and Thailand. International collaboration is
also evident with international standards being applied and certified for examples in the
production of veterinary vaccine and medicines, and standards for laboratory animal
production facilities.
Links to international organizations are available at the BAPHIQ website(https://www.baphiq.gov.tw/en/view.php?catid=5950) along with updates on the diseasesituation in other countries and WTO/SPS agreements.
Strengths:
 Well organized, scientifically competent and active contributions to international
activities in the veterinary domain.
 Consultation with other government agencies and non-governmental stakeholders
when relevant and feedback provided.
 Updated policies and programs to ensure harmonization with international standards.
Weaknesses:
 None in evidence.
Recommendations: Chinese Taipei has the technical competency and capacity to provide an important
contribution to animal health and welfare and should continue its international
collaboration activities to this end.
Evidence (as listed in Appendix 6): PME1 and Annexes 138-158; E38; E74, E118(3),E119(Q17)126

Chinese Taipei

III-4 Accreditation/authorisation/delegation
The authority and capability ofthe public sector of the VS toaccredit/authorise/delegate to
private sector or NGO
expertise(e.g.
privateveterinarians
andlaboratories, animal welfareNGOs), to carry out official
tasks on its behalf, usually via
a formal agreement (i.e.
public-private partnership).

OIE PVS Evaluation – 2019

Levels of advancement
1. The public sector of the VS has neither the authority nor the capability toaccredit/authorise/delegate official tasks to the private sector or NGOs.
2. The public sector of the VS has the authority and capability toaccredit/authorise/delegate official tasks to the private sector or NGOs,
but there are currently no accreditation/authorisation/delegation
activities.
3. ThepublicsectoroftheVS
develops
accreditation/authorisation/delegation programmes for certain tasks
using formal agreements, but these activities are not routinely reviewed.
4. The public sector of the VS develops and implements
accreditation/authorisation/delegation programmes using formal
agreements, and these activities are routinely reviewed to maintainstandards and manage performance.
5. The public sector of the VS carries out audits of its
accreditation/authorisation/delegation programmes, in order to maintainthe trust of their trading partners and other stakeholders.

Terrestrial Code reference(s): Appendix 1
Findings:
Baseline
The general legal provisions for entrusting activities from the veterinary authorities are included
in more than one of the veterinary domain legal act, such as Article 29 of the “Animal Industry
Act”.
Several programs have been delegated/commissioned to private sector or semi-governmentalorganizations:Yearly surveillance plan for avian influenza is performed by the 4 poultry healthsections from NAIF that collect the serum samples, throat swabs and cloacal swabs,
and do the screening test for Avian Influenza.



ATRI carries out the screening tests of blood samples collected from auction markets
and farms for monitoring FMD and CSF. About 40,000 samples are tested every year.



ATRI is responsible for the foodborne pathogen monitoring programme and pulse net
database maintenance as well as the platform for registration of veterinary drugs
applications.



The Medical and Pharmaceutical Industry Technology and Development Centre
performs GMP inspections.



The activities of detector dogs (detection of animal and plant and their products ininternational airports and post offices) are entrusted to the Animal and Plant HealthPrevention and Quarantine and Inspection Development Association since January
1, 2019.

The national Taiwan Veterinary Medical Association manages continuing educationfor veterinarians in accordance with the law.

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OIE PVS Evaluation – 2019



NAIF trains and hires meat inspectors (VI and MIA) for slaughter inspection (Article
29 of the “Animal Industry Act”)



NAIF’s Poultry Health Section works on screening tests for avian influenza.

The delegation of meat inspection tasks to NAIF is a particularly interesting and effective
manner to ensure meat inspection to all slaughterhouses and technical independence
insurance by the veterinary authority. The NAIF tasks are as follows:a. Hiring personnel to inspect the slaughter hygiene to ensure the meat hygiene for
consumers.
b. Promoting in-service education for inspectors to improve the professional skills andsurveillance effectiveness and to improve the level and system of slaughter by various
trainings.
c. Conducting training courses for the qualification of veterinarians and assistants forslaughter hygiene.
d. Quality control of inspection for slaughter hygiene, pathological diagnosis, andmonitoring of the safety process for slaughter hygiene.
e. Strengthening and maintaining the management system for slaughter hygiene.
f. Promoting of the “pass-mark” for slaughter hygiene.
The coordination and supervision of delegated tasks is ensured by clear procedures andeffective information management systems such as the one for meat inspection record offindings and management of meat inspection personnel (Figure 5).
Supervision for meat inspection performance evaluation is conducted frequently.
Delegated animal health activities such as sampling and testing for AI, FMD or ASF issupervised by BAPHIQ and external quality system certification and proficiency testing is
performed.
GMP inspections are also audited by ADIB-BAPHIQ.
Strengths:
 Regulatory framework in place for delegation/authorization/commissioning of official
tasks.
 Supervision of delegated official tasks is ensured by clear protocols, regular inspections
and coordination meetings and sophisticated information management systems.
Weaknesses:
 None in evidence.
Recommendations: To ensure the best performance of delegated tasks audit but also training of involved
personnel is extremely important. Audit results and surveillance inspection data should
continue to be analysed to guide policies and procedures reviews.
Evidence (as listed in Appendix 6): PME1 and Annexes 159-166; E32 a-b; E49; E50, E115(3)128Chinese Taipei

III-5 Regulationoftheprofession
bytheVeterinary
Statutory
Body (VSB)
The authority and capacity of
the VSB to effectively andindependently
maintaineducational and professional
standards for veterinarians
andveterinary
paraprofessionals.
Regulation includes licensing
or registration of thoseveterinarians and veterinary
paraprofessionals that meeteducational standards, andthe ongoing oversight of theirprofessional competence andconduct.

OIE PVS Evaluation – 2019

Levels of advancement
1. There is no VSB.
2. The VSB regulates veterinarians only within certain sectors of theveterinary profession and/or does not systematically apply educational
standards or disciplinary measures.
3. The VSB regulates veterinarians in all sectors of the veterinary
profession setting educational standards and applying disciplinary
measures.
4. The VSB regulates veterinarians in all sectors and some veterinary
paraprofessionals in a transparent manner. It has defined one or more
specific categories of veterinary paraprofessional and their qualifications
for initial and ongoing registration.
5. The VSB regulates and applies disciplinary measures to veterinarians
and veterinary paraprofessionals in all sectors throughout the country.
Veterinarians and veterinary paraprofessionals are required toundertake continuing education to maintain their professional
registration.

Terrestrial Code reference(s): Appendix 1
Findings:

In Chinese Taipei the functions the certification and management of veterinarians andVeterinarian Assistants are carried out not by an autonomous VSB as described by OIE 41
but rather by government authorities, including the Examination Yuan (Ministry of
Examination) BAPHIQ and LADIAs in collaboration with the Taiwan Veterinary Medical
Association.
The Veterinarian Act (https://law.moj.gov.tw/ENG/LawClass/LawAll.aspx?pcode=M0130001 )provides authority to register practicing veterinarians and veterinary assistants, establish
practicing standards and establish the veterinary medical association, the operation of whichis partially regulated by the “Civil Association Act”.
(https://law.moj.gov.tw/ENG/LawClass/LawAll.aspx?pcode=D0050091
The authorities/functions of a VSB are performed by the above-mentioned government
agencies, and principally BAPHIQ’s central services that provide certification and standards ofprofessional conduct and competence for veterinarians. The Taiwan Veterinary Medical
Association (TVMA) conducts continuing education (CE) and provides credit recognition with
the involvement of 22 local, independent VMAs, in which a certified veterinarian or veterinary
assistant must first be registered to acquire license to practice.
The Professional and Technical National Examination (PTNE) for veterinarians includes
competency tests on veterinary pathology, pharmacology, laboratory diagnosis, generaldiseases, infectious diseases and veterinary public health. An average score of 60/100 is

41 Focus on Veterinary Statutory Bodies, Dec 2014 at:

http://www.oie.int/fileadmin/vademecum/pdf/Veterinary%20statutory%20bodies.pdf

129Chinese Taipei

OIE PVS Evaluation – 2019required for accreditation. Once they are accredited, to comply with the Veterinarian Act
veterinarians must apply to BAPHIQ for a veterinary certificate submitting their PTNE
certificate. After certification the veterinarian can apply to a local veterinary association formembership and to local governments for practice registration.
A PTNE for Veterinary Assistants was suspended in 2009 (E134, E135). Consequently
Veterinary Assistants have not been certified by BAPHIQ since that time (see CC I-1.B).
While the Taiwan Veterinary Medical Association (TVMA) is an independent institution, it does
not exercise full authority over the registration and management of veterinarians. Veterinary
registration and management of veterinarians are responsibilities shared by BAPHIQ and theTVMA. The legislated roles of the two organizations are summarized in the table 6.
Neither BAPHIQ nor TVMA have the authority or capacity to establish and apply educational
and technical standards for veterinary paraprofessionals, with the exception of meat inspectionin which case education has been delegated from BAPHIQ to ATRI and oversight of standards
and conduct is exercised by NAIF as the employer and BAPHIQ as the regulatory authority.
Table 6: Authorities/functions in relation to VSB

Professional conduct rules are defined by the Veterinary Act. No major violations have been
recently reported. The main violations in the past have been incomplete procedures for issuinga poultry health certificate and in updating a practice registration. The number of cases in thelast three years was 96 in 2016, 241 in 2017 and 140 in 2018.
Veterinarians must undergo continuing education and renew their practice licenses every 6
years. “Regulations of Governing Veterinary Practice Registration and Continuing Education”(RGVPRCE) was formulated in December 2016 according to Article 5.4 of the Veterinarian
Act. BAPHIQ is responsible for implementing RGVPRCE. The TVMA is authorized by BAPHIQ
to serve as the accreditation body for continuing education courses and credits.
The TVMA has played a role in solving legal issues between clients and veterinarians
according to interview of a companion animal veterinarian.

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OIE PVS Evaluation – 2019

Professional and technical examinations are only available for qualification of veterinarians.
VPP are not certified through a national examination. MIA are trained and approved by NAIF
under BAPHIQ delegation.
Strengths:
 Government authorities, including the Examination Yuan, the Ministry of
Examination, BAPHIQ, and LADIAs regulate and can apply disciplinary measures toall veterinarians.
 Veterinarians and VPP are required to undertake continuing education (see CC I-3).
Weaknesses:
 The VSB is not an autonomous body as described by the OIE38.
 Veterinary Assistants have not been certified by BAPHIQ since suspension of the
PTNE in 2009.
Recommendations: As set out under CCI-1.B, priority should be assigned to a national initiative to develop
a “Veterinary Medical Assistant System” that would establish standardized training,accreditation and supervision (E131) and which should be consistent with OIE
Guidelines 42.
 Consider ways to strengthen the autonomy of the regime for regulating the veterinary
profession in accordance with OIE guidance38.
Evidence (as listed in Appendix 6): PME1 and Annexes 164-165 & 174; E5; E43a-d; E57;
E89; E116(IR-Q12); E119(Q10), E131, E134, 135

42 OIE Guidelines for Veterinary Paraprofessionals – see:
http://www.oie.int/fileadmin/Home/eng/Support_to_OIE_Members/pdf/A_Competence.pdf
andhttp://www.oie.int/fileadmin/Home/eng/Support_to_OIE_Members/pdf/AF-CoreCV-ANG.pdf

131

Chinese Taipei

III-6 Participationofproducers and otherstakeholders in joint
programmes
The capability of the VS todevelop joint programmes(public-private partnerships)with producers and nongovernment stakeholders todeliveranimalhealth,veterinary public health, foodsafety and/or animal welfare
outcomes.

OIE PVS Evaluation – 2019

Levels of advancement
1. Producers and other non-government stakeholders do not participate injoint programmes.
2. Producers and other non-government stakeholders are informed ofprogrammes by the VS and informally assist the VS in programmedelivery in the field (e.g. industry groups helping to communicate theprogramme with their membership).
3. Producers and other non-government stakeholders formally participate
with the VS in the delivery of joint programmes and advise of neededchanges and improvements.
4. Representatives of producers and other non-government stakeholders
actively partner with the VS to plan, manage and implement joint
programmes.
5. Producers and other non-government stakeholders contribute resources
and may lead the development and delivery of effective joint
programmes with the VS. They also actively participate in their regularreview, audit and revision.

Terrestrial Code reference(s): Appendix 1
Findings:
Producers and other non-governmental stakeholders have an important role on the planningand delivery of joint programs in animal health. For example, the “Veterinary Management
Plan” (PME1 Annex 168) includes the activities of the National Taiwan Veterinary Associationand the role of the Swine Association in the plan for prevention of foot-and-mouth disease.
The Chinese Taipei Swine Association participates in the programme for disinfection of animaltransport vehicles (under a programme co-financed by BAPHIQ and producers), organizes thetransport of dead animals from members’ farms to rendering, contributes to their drafting of
regulations and distribution of information from the VA and participates/co-organizes ASF
simulation exercises. Training has been organized for farmers on emergency vaccination.
LADIAs and NAIF cooperate with Poultry Health Sections set up by four universities and the
Poultry, Duck and Goose Associations Republic of China, the ROC Turkey Association, and
the Wild Bird Society of Taipei, to assist in sampling of poultry and wild birds, and for thepromotion and organization of conferences on various biosafety and avian health issues.
Development of improved biosecurity (e.g. netting of open house farms) is financed 50% by
farmers and 50% by government.
The Taiwan Veterinary Medicine & Health Industry Association, Taipei Commercial
Association of Feed and Animal Health Products, Taoyuan Commercial Association of Feedand Animal Health Products, Taichung Commercial Association of Feed and Animal Health
Products, Kaohsiung Commercial Association of Feed and Animal Health Products, andKaohsiung Veterinary Association engage in disseminating regulations for animal healthproducts.
Taipei zoo collaborates with authorities on a rescue centre (Forestry Bureau) and zoonotic andepidemiological diseases monitoring programmes for zoo quarantine and rescue animals (AI,ND, rabies, ferret distemper, MERS-CoV, TB, brucellosis and toxoplasmosis). When a diseaseis suspected it is communicated to the LADIA of Taipei City. Training for animal protection
inspectors is provided by the Taipei zoo (120 person/yr.),132

Chinese Taipei

OIE PVS Evaluation – 2019

ATRI board members include government officials, academics and agricultural enterprisegroups. Its budget is based on government grants and self-raised funds (fees for services).
ATRI‘s Animal Technology Laboratory is developing a ferret badger oral rabies vaccine incollaboration with four Chinese Taipei Universities, the Endemic Species Research Institute,
AHRI, and Industry.
The Endemic Species Research Institute (ESRI) has joint programmes with local authorities,
wildlife conservation groups and the general public for rescue of injured animals and training
is provided by ESRI on rescue procedures. The institute is financed by government grants but
also private funding, e.g. from religious organizations.
ESRI has an ongoing project for ASF (rewarding for hunters for survey of wild boars), and also
for disease surveillance in bats (http://www.batinfo.org/home/members/join-bat-nanny) underwhich bats collected are sent to AHRI.
Strengths:
 Many examples of joint programmes between government agencies and nongovernmental organizations, including farmers and NGOs.
 Some of the joint programs are co-financed.
Weaknesses:
 None in evidence.
Recommendations: Continue investing on education and engagement programmes that contribute toeffective animal health surveillance.
Evidence (as listed in Appendix 6): PME1 and Annex 168; E32a -b; E35; E48; E57; E58; E74;
E84, E115 (18)133

Chinese Taipei

III-7

Veterinary
services

OIE PVS Evaluation – 2019clinical

The availability and quality ofveterinary clinical services tomeet the needs of animal
owners,includingtheiraccess to animal disease or
injurydiagnosis
andtreatment.

Levels of advancement

1. There are no/few clinical services provided from either the public or
private sector.
2. Clinical services are available to animal owners in some areas but thequality and coverage (i.e. access to qualified veterinarians and/or
veterinary paraprofessionals) is highly variable.
3. Clinical services are available to most animal owners via the public
and/or private sector. In rural areas this is delivered mostly byveterinary paraprofessionals with some formal training and someveterinary supervision – but providing only basic clinical diagnosis andtreatment.
4. Clinical services are available to all animal owners via an efficient
network of veterinary clinics, including in rural areas, serviced byqualified veterinarians assisted by veterinary paraprofessionals.
Diagnoses are generally made prior to treatment, including withsupporting laboratory tests where appropriate and professional
standards are maintained by a well-functioning VSB.
5. Clinical services are available to all animal owners through qualified
veterinarians, with appropriate facilities, diagnostic equipment andtreatments, and the opportunity for specialist referral if required.

Terrestrial Code reference(s): Appendix 1
Findings:
According to the baseline information provided, the number of practicing veterinarians in
Chinese Taipei was 5,039 with a total of 1,759 animal clinics/hospitals up until December 25,
2018. Clinics and hospitals are well distributed across the country (PME1, Annex 167).
According to Article 5 of the “Veterinarian Act” and the Veterinary Registration and Continuing
Education Measures, a veterinarian shall receive continuing education and renew his or herpractice license every six years by presenting of credits from continuing education courses.
This is done to ensure the quality of the practice.
All veterinary clinics are registered with local veterinary authorities – LADIAs that also perform
regular inspections including controls of veterinary drugs use. The licence has 5 years validity
and costs NTD 1000, renewal is free.
Referral centres for different clinical specialities for both large and small animals are available
at universities and private hospitals. NTU veterinary hospital is a referral centre for oncology,
rehabilitation, ophthalmology, exotic animals and orthopaedic surgery. Excellent facilities andequipment, are available in the private sector. Even for wild animals very specialised and wellequipped clinical service is available. Access to laboratory diagnosis is also very good
The coverage of veterinary services is enough for both pet and production animal population.
The size of the country and a good transport network allows for easy access to referral centres.
Even in Pingtung county that has the largest farm animal population all farms have a contracted
veterinarian. Some veterinarians provide service to large number of farms and clinical services
are offered by feed companies but also by drug vaccine manufacturers. In case of need
LADIAS can provide clinical services to support farmers. Feed companies (CCP and ELANCO)

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OIE PVS Evaluation – 2019provide clinical services for customers in collaboration with NAIF and or Universities forlaboratory diagnostic
Strengths:
 Excellent clinical service coverage with world class equipment and facilities at top
clinics for companion animals and wildlife.
 Continuous education requirement in place for registered veterinarians and inspectionof clinics and hospitals
Weaknesses:
 None in evidence
Recommendations: Continue with collaboration between private public sector and academic/research
institutions to reinforce referral centres that can provide service also at the international
level
Evidence (as listed in Appendix 6): PME1, PME1 Annex 167; E35; E74; E76; E77

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OIE PVS Evaluation – 2019III.4 Fundamental component IV: Access to markets
This component of the evaluation concerns the authority and capability of the VS to provide
support by demonstrating the overall integrity of its animal health and veterinary public healthsystem in order to access, expand and retain regional and international markets for animals
and animal products.

Critical Competencies:
IV-1Legislation and regulations ......................................................................................... 137
A. Integrity and coverage of legislation and regulations ............................................ 137
B. Implementation of and compliance with legislation and regulations ................... 140
IV-2International harmonisation ......................................................................................... 142
IV-3International certification ............................................................................................. 144
IV-4Equivalence and other types of sanitary agreements ............................................... 146
IV-5Transparency ................................................................................................................. 148
IV-6Zoning ............................................................................................................................ 149
IV-7 Compartmentalisation ................................................................................................. 151-------------------------------------Terrestrial Code References:
Points 6, 7 and 9 of Article 3.1.2. on Fundamental principles of quality: Veterinary legislation/Generalorganisation/Procedures and standards.
Points 1 and 2 of Article 3.2.7. on Legislation and functional capabilities: Animal health, animal welfare and veterinary publichealth/Export/import inspection.
Points 1 and 3 of Article 3.2.8. on Animal health controls: Animal health status/National animal disease reporting systems.
Sub-point g) of Point 4 of Article 3.2.10. on Veterinary Services administration: Trade performance history.
Article 3.2.11. on Participation in OIE activities.
Points 6 and 10 of Article 3.2.14. on Veterinary legislation, regulations and functional capabilities/Membership of the OIE.
Chapter 3.4. on Veterinary legislation.
Chapter 4.3. on Zoning and compartmentalisation.
Chapter 4.4. on Application of compartmentalisation.
Chapter 5.1. on General obligations related to certification.
Chapter 5.2. on Certification procedures.
Chapter 5.3. on OIE procedures relevant to the Agreement on the Application of Sanitary and Phytosanitary Measures ofthe World Trade Organization.
Chapters 5.10. to 5.12. on Model international veterinary certificates.

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IV-1 Legislation
regulations

OIE PVS Evaluation – 2019

andThe effectiveness of veterinary
legislation and regulations.
A.

Integrity and coverage oflegislation
andregulations

The authority and capability of
the VS to develop or update
veterinary legislation to ensure
its quality and coverage of theveterinary domain.
This competency covers thequality of legislation considering
the principles of legal drafting, its
impact, and suitability for
implementation.
This competency includes formal
collaboration with other legal
drafting professionals, otherrelevant
ministries
andCompetent Authorities, national
agencies and decentralised
institutions that share authority or
have mutual interest in relevant
areas of the veterinary domain. It
alsocoversstakeholder
consultation
relevanttoveterinary legislation.

Levels of advancement
1. National veterinary legislation is lacking, out-dated or of poor quality.
The VS do not have the authority or capability to develop or update
legislation and regulations.
2. Veterinary legislation and regulations cover some fields of theveterinary domain. The VS, working with legal professionals, havesome authority and capability to develop or update national
legislation and regulations.
3. Veterinary legislation and regulations cover most fields, including incollaboration with relevant Competent Authorities. The VS, working
in formal partnership with legal professionals, have the authority andcapability to develop or update national legislation and regulations,
including via consultation with stakeholders, to ensure its legal quality
and applicability.
4. The VS have national (and sub-national where relevant) veterinary
legislation and regulations covering the entire veterinary domain. The
VS have the authority and the capability to develop or update national(and sub-national) legislation and regulations, using a formal
methodology which considers consultation with stakeholders,regulatory impact, legal quality and applicability, and international
standards.
5. The VS have comprehensive and current national (and sub-national
where relevant) veterinary legislation and regulations that covers theentire veterinary domain. The VS regularly evaluate and update theirlegislation and regulations with reference to ongoing effectivenessand changing international standards and science.

Terrestrial Code reference(s): Appendix 1
Findings:
Veterinary legislation in Chinese Taipei is comprehensive, for the most part up to date andcovers all major domains. BAPHIQ, as the National Veterinary Authority, has the required
mandate and capacity to develop appropriate laws and regulations. The Legal Affairs Unit of
BAPHIQ has two legal professionals as permanent staff responsible for drafting new legislation
and regulations with support of veterinary and technical staff.
BAPHIQ has a number of committees that may be contacted in the drafting and review
process. To draft new legislation, consultations and discussions are organized with therelevant industry associations and other stakeholders, providing an opportunity to modify thedraft material. The legislation is then made available for public comment.
The committees for the drafting and review of veterinary legislation or regulations include:- BAPHIQ legal and technical staff- Scholars and experts- Governments of Municipalities/Cities/Counties- National Taiwan Veterinary Medical Association

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Other relevant authorities (e.g. TFDA, TCDC)

The process of drafting and reviewing veterinary legislation has several steps:- Legal Affairs Committee of the COA- Executive meeting of the COA- Review meeting of Executive Yuan (Chaired by the Minister without Portfolio)- Yuan Sittings of Executive Yuan
- Yuan Sittings of Legislative Yuan
The structure of the legislation is laws (Acts) with subordinate legislation (Regulations,
Guidelines and Standards). The VS make full use of these legislative instruments to operateand control relevant veterinary activities.
The main Acts of Chinese Taipei and their subordinances in the veterinary domain are listed
as follows. This list of legislation is available on the BAPHIQ’s website.
-

Statute for Prevention and Control of Infectious Animal Diseases-

Veterinarian Act
o Specifications for registration of practicing veterinarians, practice standards andestablishment of veterinary medical associations-

Civil Associations Act
o General specifications for the establishment of the veterinary medical
associations-

Animal Industry Act
o Establishment Standards for Slaughterhouses (jointly by COA, MOEA & EPA)o Regulations for Meat Inspection (jointly by COA & MOHW)o Regulations for Slaughter Operationo Governing Food Safety and Sanitation Act
o Regulations on Good Hygiene Practice for Food (GHP)o Regulations on Food Safety Control System-

Feed Control Act
o Regulations for the Use of Feed Additives and for Traceability of Feed and Feed
Additiveso Standards for the establishment of a feed factoryo Regulations for registration of feed vendoro Substances prohibited from use of animal feed and feed additives-

Animal Protection Act
o Multiple regulations governing animal shelters, performing animals, working
dogs, animal protection training, rewards reporting violation of the Animal
Protection Act, and animal transportation and management-

Disaster Prevention and Protection Act
o Executive regulations of central and local governmentso Special regulations for the transportation of animals/products between islands

The VS work closely with the relevant competent authorities such as other line ministries andnon-profit organizations, particularly MOHW, TFDA, Customs, specific agencies such as the
Department of Animal Industry, AHRI, NAIF, and ATRI. Legislation is in place requiring

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collaboration and cooperation of the respective ministries and non-profit organizations to
support food safety related work.
Internal quality of legislation and regulation is satisfactory. However, the VS have not enoughdedicated professional legal staff to regularly update the necessary regulations according to
BAPHIQ officers. A larger pool of legal professionals is understood to be available in COA andmight provide the required support.
External quality of new legislation and regulation is usually achieved by a process which
includes consultation with stakeholders and publication/communication of drafts.
No legislation exists covering veterinary para-professionals which leads to a lack of standards
except for meat inspectors at slaughterhouses who are trained by ATRI and employed andsupervised by NAIF.
Veterinary legislation and regulations are generally updated as the national context changes
and with reference to international standards.
All veterinary legislation affecting trade is submitted to WTO for review. Public hearings andtarget consultations are required during drafting stage (CC-III.2).
An example of updates of veterinary legislation to ensure harmonization with international
standards was the revision of BSE standards in October 2018.
Strengths:
 Comprehensive legislation and supporting regulations and procedures.
Weaknesses:
 Insufficient dedicated legal human resources to regularly update legislation andregulations.
Recommendations: Develop/amend legislation to set standards for and require the registration of veterinarypara-professionals (see CC III-5)
 Ensure sufficient legal professionals are available by drawing on resources of COA tokeep current the Acts and regulations required by the VA.
Evidence (as listed in Appendix 6): PME1 and Annexes 4, 18, 95, 98, 99, 170-175, 17; PME2;
PME3 (a-d); E1; E2; E5; E6; E7; E12; E13; E14; E15; E17; E19; E28; E49; E61; E62; E65c;
E66; E80; E94; E98

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B.

Implementation of andcompliancewithlegislation
andregulations

The authority and capability of
the VS to ensure compliancewithlegislation
andregulations
acrosstheveterinary domain throughcommunications
andcomplianceinspection
activities.
This competency includes
formal collaboration withother relevant ministries andCompetent
Authorities,
national
agenciesanddecentralised institutions thatshare
responsibility
for
implementation,or havemutual interest in relevant
areas.

OIE PVS Evaluation – 2019

Levels of advancement
1. The VS have no or very limited programmes or activities to communicate
or ensure compliance with legislation and regulations.
2. The VS implement some programmes or activities comprising targetedcommunications and awareness raising on stakeholder legal obligations,but conduct few inspection and compliance verification activities.
3. Veterinary legislation is implemented through a programme ofcommunications and awareness raising, and through formal,
documented inspection and compliance verification activities. The VS
undertake some legal action/initiate prosecution in instances of noncompliance in most relevant fields of activity.
4. Veterinary legislation is implemented across the entire veterinary domain
and is consistently applied. The VS work to minimise instances of noncompliance through multiple means, including through targetedcommunications, incentives and appropriate legal processes. They havedocumented reports of dealing with non-compliance.
5. Legislative or regulatory compliance programmes are regularly
subjected to audit and review by the VS or external agencies.

Terrestrial Code reference(s): Appendix 1
Findings:
In Chinese Taipei, veterinary legislation is generally well understood and implemented in thefield by BAPHIQ staff, LADIA staff, other competent authorities responsible for food safety andcustoms, NPOs and relevant stakeholders with whom there is effective coordination (see CCs
I-6.A&B). During the field mission it was observed (through reports, field visits, and interviews)
that legislation is generally well implemented.
The Veterinary Authority and broader VS have strong programmes of communication at
national and local levels to increase awareness and compliance with legislation. For example,
the risk of illegal import of products is mitigated by an active awareness campaign with posters,
fliers, ‘detector dog dress-up suits’, announcements by airline crew on arriving flights andsignage at entry/exit ports (See CC II-3).
The Veterinary Public Health Sections of LADIAs regulate and control the local supply anddistribution of veterinary drugs. To ensure the proper distribution and effective use of veterinary
medicines, sites are visited and guidance provided on their storage, sale and use throughveterinary clinics and drug stores for both livestock and companion animals. These distributors
are inspected and their facilities licensed. Monitoring and control of veterinary drug residues infarm animals is carried out by ADDC and the veterinary drug residues are tested by an NAIF
laboratory. Non-compliance of veterinary drug residues is infrequent.
LADIAs and Local Veterinary Medical Associations have authority to investigate and tosuspend or prohibit practice by veterinarians at the local level.
According to the “Animal Industry Act”, a person in violation of the illegal slaughter regulations
shall be punished and fined accordingly by the Municipal/City/County government.

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No regular audits of legislative compliance were reported by the VS or external parties.
Figure 24: Veterinary drug control inter-agency collaboration

Strengths:
 When and wherever necessary the VS implements legislation and apply penalties.
 High levels of public awareness and compliance with government programmes.
 VS staff have authority for entry, inspection and seizure and can obtain the order of amagistrate and be supported by the police if necessary.
Weaknesses:
 Audit and review of legislation could be strengthened in concert with initiatives
proposed under CC I-5.
Recommendations: Consider strengthening audit and evaluation of compliance promotion and enforcement
for priority programmes (e.g. ASF, AI, AMR) as part of the initiatives recommended
under CC I-5
Evidence (as listed in Appendix 6): PME1 and Annexes 6, 10, 19, 125; PME2; PME3 (a-d);
E1; E2; E5; E6; E7; E12 to 17; E19; E28; E49; E61; E62; E65c; E66; E80; E94; E98; E109;
E118

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IV-2 International
harmonisation
The authority and capability of
the VS to be active in theharmonisation of national
regulations
andsanitarymeasures to ensure they take
into account international
standards, and/or related
regional
directives
orguidelines.

Levels of advancement
1. National regulations and sanitary measures under the mandate of the
VS do not take into account international standards.
2. The VS are aware of gaps, inconsistencies or non-conformities innational regulations and sanitary measures as compared to international
standards, but do not have the capability or authority to rectify the
problems.
3. The VS monitor the establishment of new and revised international
standards, and periodically review national regulations and sanitary
measures in response.
4. The VS harmonise their regulations and sanitary measures, and candemonstrate a level of alignment with changing international standards.
The VS also review and comment on the draft standards of relevantintergovernmental organisations, and work through regionalorganisations, where available, to ensure better harmonisation withinternational standards.
5. The VS actively and regularly participate at the international level in theformulation, negotiation and adoption of international standards, and use
the standards to regularly harmonise national legislation, regulations andsanitary measures.

Terrestrial Code reference(s): Appendix 1
Findings:
BAPHIQ participates actively in relevant international meetings such as the OIE General
Session and other OIE conferences or meetings. BAPHIQ monitors the establishment of new
and revised international standards and periodically reviews national legislation, regulations
and sanitary measures to harmonise these, as appropriate, with international standards.
Chinese Taipei participates actively in the review of OIE documents and includes consultation
with interested parties for input on proposed changes to the Code. Bilateral annual meetings
are organized with trading partners, recently with Australia, Canada, EU, Finland, France,
Hungary, Japan, Netherlands, New Zealand, Poland, UK, and the USA. Chinese Taipei
actively negotiates with its trading partners over sanitary requirements. Generally, these arebased on the OIE Codes.
Chinese Taipei is not a member of Codex Alimentarius.
Strengths:
 Active participation in international meetings such as the OIE.
 Active participation in a review of the OIE Code.
 Discusses issues with stakeholders if considered relevant and important.
 Independently conducted an unofficial JEE of IHR implementation in 2016.
Weaknesses:
 Limited legal staff dedicated to VS legislation and international standards may constrain
comprehensive harmonisation and updating.
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Recommendations: Consider strengthening BAPHIQ’s legal unit to increase capacity to meet the needs of
the VA (see CC IV-1).
Evidence (as listed in Appendix 6): PME1 and Annexes 3, 140, 141, 170 & 171; PME2; PME3(a-d); E1; E2; E5; E6; E7; E38; E94; E98

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IV-3 International certification
The authority and capability of
the VS to reliably certify animals
and animal products, and related
services and processes under
their mandate, for export, in
accordancewithnationallegislation
andregulations,international
standards
andimporting country requirements.
This refers to the country’s
veterinary export certification
processes. Issues such as: thelegislative basis, format andcontent of veterinary certificates;
who signs certificates and theconfidence they have in what
they are certifying; and theoutcome in terms of meetinginternational standards and/or
importing country requirements
to facilitate exportation should all
be considered.

Levels of advancement
1. The VS have neither the authority nor the capability to certify animals
and animal products for export.
2. The VS have the authority to certify certain animals and animal
products for export, but are not always in compliance with national
legislation and regulations, and international standards.
3. The VS develop and carry out certification for certain animals, animal
products, services and processes for export under their mandate incompliance with international standards.
4. The VS develop and carry out all relevant certification programmes
for all animals, animal products, services and processes for export
under their mandate in compliance with international standards.
5. The VS carry out audits of their certification programmes, in order tomaintain national and international confidence in their system.

Terrestrial Code reference(s): Appendix 1
Findings:
The production of animals and animal products is mainly for domestic needs and exports arelimited. International certification is carried out by BAPHIQ Branch offices under policies set by
BAPHIQ Headquarters. TFDA is the competent authority for food safety and is responsible forfood administration and inspection services in accordance with the “Act Governing Food Safety
and Sanitation”. TFDA is also responsible for the certification of exported food products ofanimal origin as agreed with importing countries. The “regulation for the on-site inspection of
birds for exportation” is established by BAPHIQ. Based on this regulation, registration of farms,
supervision, and testing of birds are required according to the requirements from the importing
country. The animal quarantine certificate is issued if the farm has met the requirements of theimporting country, after being confirmed by the BAPHIQ Branch office.
For exportation of livestock and poultry, BAPHIQ collaborates with the importing country to set
up the quarantine requirements. AHRI and laboratories of the 4 veterinary colleges support
BAPHIQ with the testing. The animal quarantine certificate is issued if the farm has met therequirements of the importing country, after being confirmed by the BAPHIQ Branch office.
Import-export quarantine facilities are managed or owned BAPHIQ, universities or approved
private sector operators. Three quarantine facilities were visited during the field mission. The
quarantine premises have excellent physical resources, procedures and records. Quarantine
facilities exist for all types of animals ranging from wildlife to reptiles and birds, including petsand livestock. All exporting quarantine premises are under the control of public veterinarians.
Animal products exported from Chinese Taipei are mostly processed food. BAPHIQ
cooperates with the TFDA to issue the export certificate based on the requirements of the144

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importing country. BAPHIQ is responsible for animal health while the TFDA is responsible forfood safety. The TFDA cooperates with local governments to inspect animal productmanufacturers. The process includes self-inspection, traceability of food and related products,
Hazard Analysis and Critical Control Points (HACCP) methods, Good Hygienic Practice, andproduct labelling.
In Chinese Taipei, an internationally approved certification system is in place for animals andanimal products including livestock/poultry farms, slaughterhouses, and processing plants.
Chinese Taipei has a comprehensive programme for animal disease surveillance with a list of
notifiable diseases and requirements for early reporting. This programme is supported byample resources to complete the necessary verification, examination and laboratory testing tosupport the certification of animals and products for international trade. All official tests are
performed in accredited laboratories using accredited tests and all quarantine procedures
comply with international standards (including international health certificate issuance).
Currently, Chinese Taipei exports pet birds, pigs, aquatic animals, processed meat, eggs andegg products, dairy products, and aquatic products to 18 countries.
All import certificate requirements are available on BAPHIQ website and changes are always
communicated to traders and export countries.
Strengths:
 International certification process is well established.
 Accredited tests for official controls.
Weaknesses:
 Coordination is required amongst BAPHIQ, TFDA, local government VA and fieldveterinarians (see CCs I-6.A&B).
 Some indications of a shortage of veterinarians in the field (see CCI-1.A), both in animaland veterinary public health, that may limit the capacity of the VS to certify someproducts/activities to support an expanded export market.
Recommendations: Review the certification process to seek ways to enhance the coordination of work andflow information amongst inspection service agencies.
 Consider the development and introduction of e-certification.
Evidence (as listed in Appendix 6): PME1 and Annexes 42, 132, 133; PME2; E1; E2; E7;
E22; E80; E94

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IV-4 Equivalence and other typesof sanitary agreements
The authority and capability of the
VS to apply flexibility in negotiating,
implementing
andmaintaining
equivalence and other types ofsanitary agreements with trading
partners.
As a reference, Article 4 of the WTO
SPS Agreement:
Members shall accept the sanitaryor phytosanitary measures of otherMembers as equivalent, even if
these measures differ from their own
or from those used by otherMembers trading in the same
product, if the exporting Member
objectively demonstrates to theimporting Member that its measuresachieve the importing Member's
appropriate level of sanitary or
phytosanitary protection. For thispurpose, reasonable access shallbe given, upon request, to theimporting Member for inspection,
testingandotherrelevant
procedures.

Levels of advancement
1. The VS have neither the authority nor the capability to negotiate
or approve equivalence or other types of sanitary agreementswith other countries.
2. The VS have the authority to negotiate and approve equivalenceand other types of sanitary agreements with trading partners, but
no such agreements have been implemented.

3. The VS have implemented equivalence and other types ofsanitary agreements with trading partners on selected animals,
animal products and processes.
4. The VS actively pursue the development, implementation andmaintenance of equivalence and other types of sanitaryagreements with trading partners on all matters relevant toanimals, animal products and processes under their mandate.
They publish their existing sanitary agreements in the publicdomain.

5. The VS actively work with stakeholders and take account ofdevelopments in international standards, in pursuing equivalenceand other types of sanitary agreements with trading partners.

Terrestrial Code reference(s): Appendix 1
Findings:
BAPHIQ has several sanitary agreements with trading partners for animals and animal
products and negotiates health certificates for export and import requirements with otherforeign authorities. An adequate system for reporting notifiable diseases and a strong
laboratory network give good confidence to trading partners. Existing sanitary measures(import and quarantine requirements) and regulations are publicly available on BAPHIQ’s
website. A web-based information system is also in place and available for trading partners(including import/export/transit certification). The FMD free zones with vaccination have been
officially recognized by OIE and trading partners, and Chinese Taipei can export pork and pork
products to other countries.
Chinese Taipei imports large quantities of agricultural products and foods of animal origin andhas in place risk mitigation measures. Control is based on agreements requiring appropriate
standards and strict management of the import of live animals and animal products by
BAPHIQ. Chinese Taipei has developed sanitary agreements with a number of countries for arange of products from several countries including many EU countries, USA, Canada,
Australia, New Zealand, China, Japan, Thailand, Vietnam. In addition, BAPHIQ organizes
regularly meetings with other countries including Australia, Canada, EU, Finland, France,
Hungary, Japan, Netherlands, New Zealand, Poland, UK, US, etc.

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However, equivalence agreements have not been negotiated with regional trading partners
because of political constraints. Since Chinese Taipei is not a major exporter of terrestrial
animals and animal products, the VS may not be driven to seek such agreements.
The import and quarantine requirements of Chinese Taipei are available in the public domain
at the BAPHIQ’s website 43.
Strengths:
 Strong policy protecting animal health status.
 Chinese Taipei has developed sanitary agreements with a number of countries for arange of products.
Weaknesses:
 More could be done in collaboration with stakeholders if warranted by trade needs andstrategies, such as a possible the future use of compartments (see CC IV-8).
Recommendations: Enhance engagement of interested parties if and when required for expanded trade in
the region and more broadly.
Evidence (as listed in Appendix 6): PME1; PME2; PME3 (a-d); E1; E2; E7

43 https://www.baphiq.gov.tw/en/view.php?catid=5985

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IV-5 Transparency
The authority and capability of
the VS to notify the OIE,
WTO, trading partners andother relevant organisationsof
its
diseasestatus,regulations
andsanitarymeasures and systems, inaccordance with establishedprocedures, as applicable tointernational trade.

Levels of advancement
1. The VS do not notify.
2. The VS occasionally notify.
3. The VS notify in compliance with the procedures established by theseorganisations.
4. The VS regularly and actively inform stakeholders of changes in diseasestatus, regulations and sanitary measures and systems, as applicable tointernational trade.
5. The VS, in cooperation with their stakeholders, carries out reviews or
audits of their notification procedures.

Terrestrial Code reference(s): Appendix 1
Findings:
Chinese Taipei regularly fulfils its notification obligations with OIE (PME8), WTO and trading
partners. Chinese Taipei also regularly communicates to stakeholders its animal health status
and reports both immediately and routinely as required to the OIE World Animal Health
Information System (PME8) and to other international partners. WTO has been notified ofmodifications to relevant regulations. The OIE focal point and WTO enquiry point have been
appointed by BAPHIQ. Stakeholders are regularly informed about changes in regulations anddecisions on the prevention and control measures of relevant diseases through the networks
described in CC III-2. Relevant regulations, notifications, and disease status are available atthe BAPHIQ’s website44.
With a strong field network of registered government and private veterinarians at the county
and township levels having close regular contact with livestock farmers, as well as a very
comprehensive active surveillance programme, BAPHIQ has a strong and constantly updated
knowledge of its animal disease status for the purposes of national and international reporting.
Strengths:
 Staff formally appointed for notification roles.
 Strong animal health surveillance system.
 Strong field network of registered government and private veterinarians.
Weaknesses:
 None in evidence.
Recommendations: Enhance reviews of notification procedures in cooperation with relevant stakeholders
in context of overall approach to audit and evaluation recommended under CC I-5.
Evidence (as listed in Appendix 6): PME1 and Annexes 3, 6, 8, 138, 139, 140, 141; PME2;
PME3 (a-d); PME8; E1; E2; E7; E17; E94; E98

44 https://www.baphiq.gov.tw/en/index.php

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IV-6 Zoning
The authority and capability of
the VS to establish andmaintain disease free zones,
asnecessary
andinaccordance with the criteria
established by the OIE (andby the WTO SPS Agreement
where applicable).
Where a country has no needfor or interest in developing
disease free zones and has
not initiated such a process,thiscriticalcompetency
should be assessed as “NonApplicable” (N/A).

Levels of advancement
1. The VS do not have the authority or capability to initiate theestablishment of disease free zones.
2. The VS have identified a geographical animal sub-population or subpopulations as candidates to target a specific health status suitable forzoning.
3. The VS are implementing biosecurity and sanitary measures with theintention of establishing a disease free zone for selected animals andanimal products.
4. The VS have established at least one disease free zone of selectedanimals and animal products with collaboration from producers and otherstakeholders in alignment with OIE standards.
5. The VS can demonstrate the scientific basis for any disease free zone
and have gained recognition by OIE and/or trading partners that theymeet the criteria established by the OIE (and by the WTO SPS
Agreement where applicable).

Terrestrial Code reference(s): Appendix 1
Findings:
Chinese Taipei has established two zones officially recognized by OIE as free of FMD withvaccination (Figure 25). In 2017 a zone covering Chinese Taipei’s main island, Penghu andMatsu islands gained recognition as an FMD free zone with vaccination. In 2018, a second
zone covering Kinmen County was recognized as free zone from FMD with vaccination.
Chinese Taipei (Chinese Taipei’s main island, Penghu and Matsu) and Kinmen are two
separate FMD free areas with vaccination. Movement control measures for animal and animal
products between the 2 zones or areas are established to prevent and control the spread ofanimal diseases from animals and animal products.
The relevant regulations for movement control and inspection have been established including1) the “Regulations for inspection of animals and animal products shipped in or out Kinmen or
Lienchiang County” and 2) the “Regulations for inspection of cloven-hoofed animals in or out
Penghu County”.
Chinese Taipei is now in the process of seeking freedom from FMD without vaccination for
Taiwan main island, Penghu and Matsu. This work is straining staff capacity for surveillanceand supervision in the field and at movement and border control posts (E108).

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Figure 25: Two zones recognized by OIE as free of FMD with vaccination

Strengths:
 Good surveillance programme for FMD.
 Movement control regulations governing the 2 FMD Zones.
 FMD vaccines are locally produced.
Recommendations: Maintain the FMD free zones with vaccination and establish/apply for official
recognition for an FMD free zone without vaccination.
 Ensure that staffing at field levels and movement control posts is adequate to support
an FMD-free zone without vaccination.
 Consider enhanced audit/evaluation of prevention and control measures to support the
FMD free zones.
Evidence (as listed in Appendix 6): PME1 and Annexes 3, 140, 141, 170 & 171; PME2; PME4(a-c); PME7; E1; E2; E94; E98; E108; E113; E114

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IV-7 Compartmentalisation
The authority and capability of
the VS to establish andmaintaindiseasefreecompartments in accordancewith the criteria establishedby the OIE.
Where a country or its
relevant animal industries
have no need for or interest in
developing
diseasefreecompartments and neither
party
has
initiatedorconsidered such a process orpartnership,
thiscriticalcompetency
shouldbeassessedas“NonApplicable” (N/A)

Levels of advancement
1. The VS do not have the authority or capability to initiate theestablishment of disease free compartments. 45
2. The VS can identify animal sub-populations as candidate establishmentswith a specific health status suitable for compartmentalisation, in
partnership with interested stakeholders.
3. The VS, working in close partnership with interested stakeholders,
ensure that planned biosecurity measures to be implemented will enable
the establishment and maintenance of disease free compartments forselected animals and animal products.
4. The VS collaborate with producers and other stakeholders to define
responsibilities and undertake actions that enable the establishment andmaintenance of disease free compartments for selected animals andanimal products, including a national government certification andaccreditation system.
5. The VS can demonstrate the scientific basis for disease freecompartments and have gained recognition by other countries that theymeet the criteria established by the OIE (and by the WTO SPS
Agreement where applicable).

Terrestrial Code reference(s): Appendix 1
Findings:
Not Applicable as compartmentalisation is currently not applied in Chinese Taipei.
Nevertheless, many of the key elements are in place: the VS has a registration system and database of animal census which can identify animal
sub-populations as candidate establishments with a specific health status suitable forcompartmentalisation.
 Some poultry and pig production facilities observed during field mission have very highbiosecurity management systems that would make them good candidates for disease freecompartments.
 The VS has close collaboration with the private sector, producers’ associations and otherstakeholders which can support establishment of compartments.
BAPHIQ has initiated discussion with stakeholders in the aquaculture sector including toadvance the compartmentalisation concept.
Existing legislation would need to be reviewed and perhaps revised to ensure that it would
support compartmentalisation.
Strengths:
 Available registration system and animal census database.

45 If the VS has the authority and capability but chooses not to implement compartmentalization, this CC should berecorded as “not applicable at this stage”

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 Strong private sector biosafety and management capacity in selected production
facilities.
 Good collaboration with the private sector, producers’ associations and otherstakeholders.
Weaknesses:
 NA
Recommendations: Consideration should be given to a policy for compartmentalisation to protect domestic
food production and export markets in case of an emergency disease outbreak.
 Review of relevant legislation to support implementation of compartmentalisation.
 Assess to what extent compartments might protect domestic and other markets from
disease outbreaks.
Evidence (as listed in Appendix 6): PME1; PME7; E1; E2; E7; E97; E113

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PART IV: APPENDICES
Appendix 1: Terrestrial Code references for Critical Competencies
CriticalCompetencies

I-1.A
I-1.B
I-2.A
I-2.B

I-3

I-4

I-5

I-6.A
I-6.B

I-7

I-8
I-9

Terrestrial Code references Points 1-5 of Article 3.1.2. on Fundamental principles of quality:
Professional judgement/Independence/Impartiality/Integrity/Objectivity.
 Points 7 and 14 of Article 3.1.2. on Fundamental principles of quality:
General organisation/Human and financial resources.
 Article 3.2.5. on Evaluation criteria for human resources.
 Article 3.2.12. on Evaluation of the veterinary statutory body.
 Points 1-2 and 5 of Article 3.2.14. on Organisation and structure of
Veterinary Services/National information on humanresources/Laboratory services.
 Points 1, 7 and 14 of Article 3.1.2. on Fundamental principles ofquality: Professional judgement/General organisation/Human andfinancial resources.
 Article 3.2.5. on Evaluation criteria for human resources.
 Sub-point d) of Point 4 of Article 3.2.10. on Veterinary Services
administration: In-service training and development programme forstaff.
 Point 9 of Article 3.2.14. on Performance assessment and audit
programmes.
 Point 2 of Article 3.1.2. on Fundamental principles of quality:
Independence.
 Point 1 of Article 3.2.3. on Evaluation criteria for the organisational
structure of the Veterinary Services.
 Point 9 of Article 3.2.14. on Performance assessment and audit
programmes.
 Points 6, 7 and 9 of Article 3.1.2. on Fundamental principles of quality:
Veterinary legislation/General organisation/Procedures and standards.
 Article 3.2.2. on Scope.
 Points 1 and 2 of Article 3.2.3. on Evaluation criteria for theorganisational structure of the Veterinary Services.
 Point 4 of Article 3.2.10. on Performance assessment and audit
programmes: Veterinary Services administration.
 Point 2 of Article 3.2.4. on Evaluation criteria for quality system:“Where the Veterinary Services undergoing evaluation… than on the
resource and infrastructural components of the services”.
 Points 2 and 3 of Article 3.2.6. on Evaluation criteria for material
resources: Administrative / Technical.
 Point 3 of Article 3.2.10. on Performance assessment and audit
programmes: Compliance.
 Point 4 of Article 3.2.14. on Administration details.
 Points 6 and 14 of Article 3.1.2. on Fundamental principles of quality:
Veterinary legislation / Human and financial resources.
 Point 1 of Article 3.2.6. on Evaluation criteria for material resources:
Financial.
 Point 3 of Article 3.2.14. on Financial management information.

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I-11

II-1.A
II-1.B
II-1.C

II-2

II-3

II-4.A
II-4.B

II-5

II-6

OIE PVS Evaluation – 2019

 Points 7, 11 and 14 of Article 3.1.2. on Fundamental principles ofquality: General organisation / Documentation / Human and financial
resources.
 Point 4 of Article 3.2.1. on General considerations.
 Point 1 of Article 3.2.2. on Scope.
 Article 3.2.6. on Evaluation criteria for material resources.
 Article 3.2.10. on Performance assessment and audit programmes.
 Point 9 of Article 3.1.2. on Fundamental principles of quality:
Procedures and standards.
 Point 1 of Article 3.2.4. on Evaluation criteria for quality systems.
 Point 3 of Article 3.2.6. on Evaluation criteria for material resources:
Technical.
 Point 5 of Article 3.2.14. on Laboratory services.
 Chapter 2.1. on Import risk analysis
 Chapter 6.11. on Risk analysis for antimicrobial resistance arising fromthe use of antimicrobial agents in animals
 Points 6 and 9 of Article 3.1.2. on Fundamental principles of quality:
Veterinary legislation / Procedures and standards.
 Point 2 of Article 3.2.7. on Legislation and functional capabilities:
Export/import inspection.
 Points 6 and 7 of Article 3.2.14. on Veterinary legislation, regulations
and functional capabilities / Animal health and veterinary public healthcontrols.
 Points 6, 7 and 9 of Article 3.1.2. on Fundamental principles of quality:
Veterinary legislation / General organisation / Procedures andstandards.
 Points 1-3 of Article 3.2.8. on Animal health controls: Animal healthstatus / Animal health control / National animal disease reporting
systems.
 Sub-points a) i), ii) and iii) of Point 7 of Article 3.2.14. on Animal health:
Description of and sample data from any national animal diseasereporting system controlled and operated or coordinated by the
Veterinary Services / Description of and sample reference data fromother national animal disease reporting systems controlled andoperated by other organisations which make data and results available
to Veterinary Services / Description and relevant data of current official
control programmes including:… or eradication programmes for
specific diseases.
 Chapter 1.4. on Animal health surveillance.
 Chapter 1.5. on Surveillance for arthropod vectors of animal diseases.
 Points 6, 7 and 9 of Article 3.1.2. on Fundamental principles of quality:
Veterinary legislation / General organisation / Procedures andstandards.
 Points 1-3 of Article 3.2.8. on Animal health controls: Animal healthstatus / Animal health control / National animal disease reporting
systems.
 Sub-point a) of Point 7 of Article 3.2.14. on Animal health andveterinary public health controls: Animal health.
 Points 6, 7 and 9 of Article 3.1.2. on Fundamental principles of quality:
Veterinary legislation / General organisation / Procedures andstandards.

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II-7.A
II-7.B

II-8

II-9

II-10

OIE PVS Evaluation – 2019

 Points 1-3 of Article 3.2.8. on Animal health controls: Animal healthstatus / Animal health control / National animal disease reporting
systems.
 Sub-point a) of Point 7 of Article 3.2.14. on Animal health andveterinary public health controls: Animal health.
 Chapter 4.12. on Disposal of dead animal.
 Points 6, 7 and 9 of Article 3.1.2. on Fundamental principles of quality:
Veterinary legislation / General organisation / Procedures andstandards.
 Article 3.4.12. on Human food production chain.
 Points 1-5 of Article 3.2.9. on Veterinary public health controls: Food
hygiene / Zoonoses / Chemical residue testing programmes /Veterinary medicines/ Integration between animal health controls andveterinary public health.
 Points 2, 6 and 7 of Article 3.2.14. on National information on humanresources / Veterinary legislation, regulations and functional
capabilities / Animal health and veterinary public health controls.
 Chapter 6.2. on Control of biological hazards of animal health andpublic health importance through ante- and post-mortem meat
inspection.
 Chapter 6.3. on Control of biological hazards of animal health andpublic health importance through ante- and post-mortem meat
inspection.
 Chapter 6.6 – The role of VS in food safety systems.
 Points 6 and 9 of Article 3.1.2. on Fundamental principles of quality:
Veterinary legislation/Procedures and standards.
 Points 3 and 4 of Article 3.2.9. on Veterinary public health controls:
Chemical residue testing programmes/Veterinary medicines.
 Sub-point a) ii) of Point 6 of Article 3.2.14. on Animal health andveterinary public health: Assessment of ability of Veterinary Services
to enforce legislation.
 Chapter 6.7. on Introduction to the recommendations for controlling
antimicrobial resistance Chapter 6.8. on Harmonisation of national antimicrobial resistancesurveillance and monitoring programmes
 Chapter 6.9. on Monitoring of the quantities and usage patterns of
antimicrobial agents used in food-producing animals
 Chapter 6.10. on Responsible and prudent use of antimicrobial agentsin veterinary medicine
 Chapter 6.11. on Risk analysis for antimicrobial resistance arising fromthe use of antimicrobial agents in animals
References to Codex Alimentarius Commission standards:
 Guidelines for Risk Analysis of Foodborne Antimicrobial Resistance(CAC/GL 77-2011)
 Code of Practice to Minimize and Contain Antimicrobial Resistance(CAC/RCP 61-2005).
 Points 3 and 4 of Article 3.2.9. on Veterinary public health controls:
Chemical residue testing programmes / Veterinary medicines.
 Sub-points b) iii) and iv) of Point 7 of Article 3.2.14. on Veterinary
public health: Chemical residue testing programmes / Veterinary
medicines.

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 Chapter 2.2 – Criteria applied by the OIE for assessing the safety ofcommodities.
References to Codex Alimentarius Commission standards:
 Guidelines for the Design and Implementation of National Regulatory
Food Safety Assurance Programmes Associated with the Use of
Veterinary Drugs in Food Producing Animals (CAC/GL 71-2009)
 Glossary of Terms and Definitions (Residues of Veterinary Drugs inFoods) (CAC/MISC 5-1993)
 Maximum Residue Limits (MRLs) and Risk Management
Recommendations (RMRs) for Residues of Veterinary Drugs in Foods(CAC/MRL 2)
 Code of Practice to Minimize and Contain Antimicrobial Resistance(CAC/RCP 61-2005)
 General Standard for Contaminants and Toxins in Food and Feed
(CODEX STAN 193-1995)
 Code of Practice Concerning Source Directed Measures to ReduceContamination of Foods with Chemicals (CAC/RCP 49-2001)
 Guidelines for Risk Analysis of Foodborne Antimicrobial Resistance(CAC/GL 77-2011).
 Code of Practice to Minimize and Contain Antimicrobial Resistance(CAC/RCP 61-2005).

II-11

II-12.A
II-12.B

II-13

III-1

III-2

III-3

 Chapter 6.3. on Control of hazards of animal health and public healthimportance in animal feed.
 Chapter 6.10.8 – Responsibilities of animal feed manufacturers
 Point 6 of Article 3.1.2. on Fundamental principles of quality:
Veterinary legislation.
 Chapter 4.1. on General principles on identification and traceability oflive animals.
 Chapter 4.2. on Design and implementation of identification systems toachieve animal traceability.
 Section7 on Animal Welfare
 Farm animal welfare (including humane on farm, transport andslaughter conditions) - 7.2., 7.3., 7.4. 7.5., 7.6., 7.9., 7.10., 7.11, 7.13.;
Use of animals in research and education- 7.8.; Stray Dog Population
Control - 7.7.; Welfare of working equids- 7.12.
 Point 13 of Article 3.1.2. on Fundamental principles of quality:
Communication.
 Sub-point b) of Point 2 of Article 3.2.6. on Administrative resources:
Communications.
 Point 4 of Article 3.2.14. on Administration details.
 Chapter 3.3. on Communication.
 Point 13 of Article 3.1.2. on Fundamental principles of quality:
Communication.
 Point 2 of Article 3.2.3. on Evaluation criteria for the organisational
structure of the Veterinary Services.
 Point 4 and Sub-point g) of Point 9 of Article 3.2.14. on Administration
details and on Sources of independent scientific expertise.
 Chapter 3.3. on Communication.
 Article 3.2.11. on Participation on OIE activities.
 Point 4 of Article 3.2.14. on Administration details.

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III-4

III-5

III-6

III-7

IV-1.A
IV-1.B

IV-2

IV-3

IV-4

OIE PVS Evaluation – 2019

 Points 6, 7 and 9 of Article 3.1.2. on Fundamental principles of quality:
Veterinary legislation / General organisation / Procedures andstandards.
 Point 7 of Article 3.2.3. on Evaluation criteria for the organisational
structure of the Veterinary Services.
 Article 3.4.5. on Competent Authorities.
 Point 6 of Article 3.1.2. on Fundamental principles of quality:
Veterinary legislation.
 Point 9 of Article 3.2.1. on General considerations.
 Article 3.2.12. on Evaluation of the veterinary statutory body.
 Article 3.4.6. on Veterinarians and veterinary para-professionals.
 Points 6 and 13 of Article 3.1.2. Fundamental principles of quality:
Veterinary legislation / Communication.
 Points 2 and 7 of Article 3.2.3. on Evaluation criteria for theorganisational structure of the Veterinary Services.
 Point 7 of Article 3.2.14. on Animal health and veterinary public healthcontrols.
 Point 4 of Article 3.4.3. on General principles: Consultation.
 Chapter 1.4. on Animal health surveillance.
 Chapter 1.5. on Surveillance for arthropod vectors of animal diseases.
 Points 6, 7 and 9 of Article 3.1.2. on Fundamental principles of quality:
Veterinary legislation/Procedures and standards.
 Points 1-3 of Article 3.2.8. on Animal health controls: Animal healthstatus/Animal health control/National animal disease reporting
systems.
 Points 4 of Article 3.2.9. on Veterinary public health controls:
Veterinary medicines.
 Points 6, 7 and 9 of Article 3.1.2. on Fundamental principles of quality:
Veterinary legislation / General organisation / Procedures andstandards.
 Points 1 and 2 of Article 3.2.7. on Legislation and functional
capabilities: Animal health, animal welfare and veterinary public health/ Export/import inspection.
 Point 6 of Article 3.2.14. on Veterinary legislation, regulations andfunctional capabilities.
 Chapter 3.4. on Veterinary legislation.
 Point 6 of Article 3.1.2. on Fundamental principles of quality:
Veterinary legislation.
 Article 3.2.11. on Participation in OIE activities.
 Points 6 and 10 of Article 3.2.14. on Veterinary legislation, regulations
and functional capabilities/Membership of the OIE.
 Points 6, 7 and 9 of Article 3.1.2. on Fundamental principles of quality:
Veterinary legislation/General organisation/Procedures and standards.
 Point 2 of Article 3.2.7. on Legislation and functional capabilities:
Export/import inspection.
 Sub-point b) of Point 6 of Article 3.2.14. on Veterinary legislation,
regulations and functional capabilities: Export/import inspection.
 Chapter 5.2. on Certification procedures.
 Chapters 5.10. to 5.13. on Model international veterinary certificates.
 Points 6 and 7 of Article 3.1.2. on Fundamental principles of quality:
Veterinary legislation/General organisation.

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IV-5

IV-6

IV-7

OIE PVS Evaluation – 2019

 Sub-point g) of Point 4 of Article 3.2.10. on Veterinary Services
administration: Trade performance history.
 Chapter 5.3. on OIE procedures relevant to the Agreement on the
Application of Sanitary and Phytosanitary Measures of the World
Trade Organization.
 Point 6 of Article 3.1.2. on Fundamental principles of quality:
Veterinary legislation.
 Points 1 and 3 of Article 3.2.8. on Animal health controls: Animal
health status/National animal disease reporting systems.
 Chapter 5.1. on General obligations related to certification.
 Point 6 of Article 3.1.2. on Fundamental principles of quality:
Veterinary legislation.
 Chapter 4.3. on Zoning and compartmentalisation.
 Point 6 of Article 3.1.2. on Fundamental principles of quality:
Veterinary legislation.
 Chapter 4.3. on Zoning and compartmentalisation.
 Chapter 4.4. on Application of compartmentalisation.

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Appendix 2: Glossary of terms
Terms defined in the Terrestrial Code that are used in this publication are reprinted here forease of reference.
Animalmeans a mammal, reptile, bird or bee.
Animal identificationmeans the combination of the identification and registration of an animal individually, witha unique identifier, or collectively by its epidemiological unit or group, with a unique group
identifier.
Animal identification systemmeans the inclusion and linking of components such as identification of establishments orowners, the person(s) responsible for the animal(s), movements and other records withanimal identification.
Animal Traceability
means the ability to follow an animal or group of animals during all stages of its life.
Animal welfare
means the physical and mental state of an animal in relation to the conditions in which it
lives and dies.
Antimicrobial agent
means a naturally occurring, semi-synthetic or synthetic substance that exhibits
antimicrobial activity (kill or inhibit the growth of micro-organisms) at concentrations
attainable in vivo. Antihelmintics and substances classed as disinfectants or antiseptics
are excluded from this definition
Biosecurity
means a set of management and physical measures designed to reduce the risk of
introduction, establishment and spread of animal diseases, infections or infestations to,from and within an animal population.
Border Post
means any airport, or any port, railway station or road check-point open to international
trade of commodities, where import veterinary inspections can be performed.
Casemeans an individual animal infected by a pathogenic agent, with or without clinical signs
Compartment
means an animal subpopulation contained in one or more establishments under acommon biosecurity management system with a distinct health status with respect to a
specific disease or specific diseases for which required surveillance, control andbiosecurity measures have been applied for the purposes of international trade.
Competent Authority
means the Veterinary Authority or other Governmental Authority of a Member, having the
responsibility and competence for ensuring or supervising the implementation of animal
health and welfare measures, international veterinary certification and other standards and159

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recommendations in the Terrestrial Code and the OIE Aquatic Animal Health Code in thewhole territory.
Containment Zone
means a defined zone around and including suspected or infected establishments, taking
into account the epidemiological factors and results of investigations, where control
measures to prevent the spread of the infection are applied.
Diseasemeans the clinical and/or pathological manifestation of infection.
Emerging diseasemeans a new occurrence in an animal of a disease, infection or infestation, causing asignificant impact on animal or public health resulting from:a. change of a known pathogenic agent or its spread to a new geographic area or
species; orb. previously unrecognised pathogenic agent or disease diagnosed for the first time.
Epidemiological Unit
means a group of animals with a defined epidemiological relationship that shareapproximately the same likelihood of exposure to a pathogenic agent. This may be
because they share a common environment (e.g. animals in a pen), or because ofcommon management practices. Usually, this is a herd or a flock. However,an epidemiological unit may also refer to groups such as animals belonging to residents
of a village, or animals sharing a communal animal handling facility. The epidemiologicalrelationship may differ from disease to disease, or even strain to strain of the pathogenic
agent.
Establishment
means the premises in which animals are kept.
Feedmeans any material (single or multiple), whether processed, semi-processed or raw,
which is intended to be fed directly to terrestrial animals (except bees).
Hazardmeans a biological, chemical or physical agent in, or condition of, an animal or animal
product with the potential to cause an adverse health effectInternational veterinary certificate
means a certificate, issued in conformity with the provisions of Chapter 5.2. of the
Terrestrial Animal Health Code, describing the animal health and/or public healthrequirements which are fulfilled by the exported commodities.
Laboratory
means a properly equipped institution staffed by technically competent personnel under
the control of a specialist in veterinary diagnostic methods, who is responsible for thevalidity of the results. The Veterinary Authority approves and monitors such laboratories
with regard to the diagnostic tests required for international trade.
Meatmeans all edible parts of an animal.

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Monitoringmeans the intermittent performance and analysis of routine measurements andobservations, aimed at detecting changes in the environment or health status of a
population.
Notifiable diseasemeans a disease listed by the Veterinary Authority, and that, as soon as detected orsuspected, must be brought to the attention of this Authority, in accordance with national
regulations.
Official Veterinarianmeans a veterinarian authorised by the Veterinary Authority of the country to perform
certain designated official tasks associated with animal health and/or public health andinspections of commodities and, when appropriate, to certify in conformity with theprovisions of Chapters 5.1. and 5.2. of the Terrestrial Code.
Outbreakmeans the occurrence of one or more cases in an epidemiological unit.
Risk analysis
means the process composed of hazard identification, risk assessment, risk management
and risk communication.
Risk assessment
means the evaluation of the likelihood and the biological and economic consequences ofentry, establishment and spread of a hazard within the territory of an importing country.
Risk communication
Means the interactive transmission and exchange of information and opinions throughout
the risk analysis process concerning risk, risk-related factors and risk perceptions and risk
assessors, risk managers, risk communicators, the general public and interested parties.
Risk managementmeans the process of identifying, selecting and implementing measures that can beapplied to reduce the level of risk.
Sanitary measuremeans a measure, such as those described in various Chapters of the Terrestrial Code,destined to protect animal or human health or life within the territory of the OIE Member
from risks arising from the entry, establishment and/or spread of a hazard.
Surveillancemeans the systematic ongoing collection, collation, and analysis of information related toanimal health and the timely dissemination of information so that action can be taken.
Terrestrial Codemeans the OIE Terrestrial Animal Health Code.
Veterinarianmeans a person with appropriate education, registered or licensed by the relevant
veterinary statutory body of a country to practice veterinary medicine/science in thatcountry.

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Veterinary Authority
means the Governmental Authority of a Member Country, comprising veterinarians, otherprofessionals and paraprofessionals, having the responsibility and competence for
ensuring or supervising the implementation of the animal health and welfare measures,international veterinary certification and other standards and recommendations in the
Terrestrial Code in the whole territory.
(Veterinary) legislationmeans laws, regulations and all associated legal instruments that pertain to the veterinary
domain.
Veterinary paraprofessional
means a person who, for the purposes of the Terrestrial Code, is authorised by theveterinary statutory body to carry out certain designated tasks (dependent upon the
category of veterinary paraprofessional) in a territory, and delegated to them under the
responsibility and direction of a veterinarian. The tasks for each category of veterinary
paraprofessional should be defined by the veterinary statutory body depending on
qualifications and training, and according to need.
Veterinary Services
means the governmental and non-governmental organisations that implement animal
health and welfare measures and other standards and recommendations in the Terrestrial
Code and the OIE Aquatic Animal Health Code in the territory. The Veterinary Services
are under the overall control and direction of the Veterinary Authority. Private sector
organisations, veterinarians, veterinary paraprofessionals or aquatic animal healthprofessionals are normally accredited or approved by the Veterinary Authority to deliver
the delegated functions.
Veterinary statutory bodymeans an autonomous regulatory body for veterinarians and veterinary paraprofessionals.
Wildlifemeans feral animals, captive wild animals and wild animals.
Zone
means a clearly defined part of a territory containing an animal subpopulation with adistinct health status with respect to a specific disease for which required surveillance,
control and biosecurity measures have been applied for the purpose of international trade.

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Appendix 3: Country information (geography, administration,
agriculture and livestock)
Governance
Chinese Taipei is a democratic country with a directly elected President. The central
government consists of five branches presenting the separation of five powers. The fivebranches are Executive Yuan, Legislative Yuan, Judicial Yuan, Examination Yuan, and Control
Yuan (Figure 26). These are:a. Executive Yuan: Executive Yuan is the highest administrative organization. It is politically
responsible for Legislative Yuan in accordance with the Constitution. Executive Yuan conducts
all administrative affairs. There are several central administrative ministries or councils under
its jurisdiction. The Council of Agriculture (COA) is one of them at the ministry level and
BAPHIQ belongs to it. The responsibility of BAPHIQ is veterinary administration. The Animal
Health Research Institute (AHRI) COA is a national laboratory, responsible for animal diseasediagnosis, setting up standard for disease diagnosis, evaluation of testing ability of otherlaboratories for disease diagnosis, and assay for animal health products.
b. Legislative Yuan: Legislative Yuan is the highest legislative body, for resolutions of legal
cases, budget proposals, treaties, and other important matters. The annual budgets, legal,
acts, statutes and regulations must all be passed by Legislative Yuan.
c. Judicial Yuan: The Judicial Yuan is the highest judicial organization with 15 chief justices.
They interpret the constitution and the regulations by conference method. Moreover, they
constitute the constitutional court for cases of presidential and vice-presidential impeachment
and the unconstitutional dissolution of political parties.
d. Examination Yuan: The Examination Yuan is the highest examination organization and thehighest competent authority for the public sector personnel system. Moreover, it is in chargeof the national professional and technical professional qualifications and also in charge of theirtraining and education.
e. Control Yuan: The Control Yuan is the highest control organization of the Country andexercises the powers of impeachment, censure, and audit.
Figure 26: The 5 Branches of the Central Government of Chinese Taipei

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Political Administration
There are 6 municipalities, 3 cities, and 13 counties as shown in Figure 27:•

Municipalities: Taipei City, New Taipei City, Taoyuan City, Taichung City, Tainan City,and Kaohsiung City.

•

Cities: Keelung City, Hsinchu City, and Chiayi City.

•Counties: Yilan County, Hsinchu County, Miaoli County, Changhua County, Nantou
County, Yunlin County, Chiayi County, Pingtung County, Hualien County, Taitung
County, Penghu County, Kinmen County, and Lienchiang County.

Figure 27: Political Administration – 22 local governments

Livestock Production
Livestock farming in Chinese Taipei has grown steadily into a mainstay of the agricultural
sector thanks to technical innovations and increased demand for animal-protein foods. In 2015,
total production amounted to approximately NT$163 billion (US$5.11 billion), accounting for34.32 percent of Chinese Taipei’s total agricultural production value. Imports of livestock
products, including meat and offal, increased by 19.92 percent year-on-year to 428,850 tonnes
in 2015, while exports of these products plunged by 35.66 percent year-on-year to 6,740
tonnes. 46

46 ROC Year-Book 2016:

https://english.ey.gov.tw/cp.aspx?n=D558EBF449B7C570

164

Chinese Taipei

OIE PVS Evaluation – 2019

Figure 28: Value of livestock and poultry production to agriculture national
GDP.

Over the past decade, the livestock industry has undergone restructuring to raise its global
competitiveness through strategic business alliances, enhanced disease surveillance andmeat inspection systems, and development of national brand names. Farmers have worked
with the government to strengthen common procurement mechanisms for stock feed as wellas to seek alternative feed ingredients and formulas. Accredited meat inspectors andveterinarians employed by the Bureau of Animal and Plant Health Inspection and Quarantine
under the COA conduct inspections of slaughterhouses nationwide.5

Geography
Topography: Chinese Taipei has 5 major types of landforms: mountains, hills, terraces,basins, and plains, as shown in Figure 29. Mountain areas cover the majority of Chinese
Taipei. The mountain ranges are parallel to the east coast. Hills are mostly located on the westside of Central Mountain Range. Terraces used to be alluvial fans, formed by ground lifting
and river cutting. Terraces are mainly located in western Chinese Taipei. Basins are scatteredamong mountains, hills, and terraces. Plains were formed by river alluviation and are mainly
located in western Chinese Taipei.

165

Chinese Taipei

OIE PVS Evaluation – 2019

Figure 29: Topography of Chinese Taipei

Figure 30: Chinese Taipei is divided into 7 agro-ecological zones

166

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OIE PVS Evaluation – 2019

Table 7: Data summary for geography, agriculture and livestock
Geographic features: see Figures 29 and 30
Demographic data•

Human Population: 23,572,000•

Average density: 731 per km2

Current livestock census data

Animals
species
Swine
CattleGoats
Deer
Chickens
Ducks
Geese
Turkeys

Total
Number5,432,676
147,152
144,733
18,151
96,001,000
7,925,000
862,000
83,000

Animal and animal product trade data
Data for 2018 are available in Baseline Document PME1 pages 62-65
Economic data

National GDP
National budget
Output value of livestock and poultry toGDPEconomic value of livestock population
Annual public sector contribution toagriculture
Annual budget of the Veterinary Services

NTD 17,501,181 million (2017) 47
N/A
0.53% (2017)
N/A
NTD 178,460,468,000
NTD

47 Directorate General of Budget, Accounting and Statistics:

https://www.dgbas.gov.tw/ct.asp?xItem=33338&ctNode=3099&mp=1

167

2,730,648,000

Chinese Taipei

OIE PVS Evaluation – 2019168

Chinese Taipei

OIE PVS Evaluation – 2019

Appendix 4: Timetable of the mission; sites/ facilities visited and list of persons
met or interviewed
Timetable of the mission
Part I. Northern area
The First Week (April 15, 2019 - April 21, 2019)
Assessor: Dr. Barry Stemshorn (BWS) / Dr. Ana Afonso (AA) / Dr. Thanawat Tiensin (TT)DateTime Assessor Route Location No. Activities/ Presenter/ Institution/ Organiation/ Sites
AM AllW
Courtesy meeting with the Minister of Council of Agriculture (COA)★ Opening Meeting
Bureau of Animal and Plant Health Inspection and Quarantine (BAPHIQ)
1 Forestry Bureau, COA
PM
2 Animal Health Research Institute (AHRI)
3 Agricultural Technology Research Institute (ATRI)
4/15(Mon)
Taipei4 National Animal Industry Foundation (NAIF)
5 School of Veterinary Medicine of National Taiwan University (NTU)
6 Taiwan Food and Drug Administration, MOHW (TFDA)
7 Department of Animal Industry, COA
8 Taiwan Centers for Disease Control, MOHW (TCDC)
All AllWNew
4/16(Tue)2 AHRI
day
TaipeiAM AllW
Taipei5 School of Veterinary Medicine and Veterinary Teaching Hospital, NTU
4/17(Wed) PM
Miaoli
9 Animal Drugs Inspection Branch, AHRI (ADIB)
Miaoli3 ATRIAM AllW
Taipei★ Meeting with BAPHIQ officers/ NAIF with Meat Inspection Division
Taipei10 R.O.C. Swine Association
4/18(Thr) PM
Taipei11 Taiwan Veterinary Medicine & Health Industry Association
Taipei
12 Poultry Association Republic of China
Taipei13 Consumers ‘Foundation, Chinese Taipei
AM AllW
14 Hsinchu Branch, BAPHIQ
4/19(Fri)
Taoyuan(CIQS at Taoyuan Int. Airport)

169

Chinese Taipei

PMAM
4/20(Sat) PM
4/21(Sun) AM

OIE PVS Evaluation – 2019

AA/TT
BWS
All
All
All

A
B
W
W
W

Taoyuan 15
Taoyuan 16
Taoyuan 17
Taipei18
New
19
TaipeiTaipei
20

Kuang Chuan Dairy Co., LTD
Reber Genetics Co., Ltd -Manufacturer of animal vaccines
Animal and Plant Quarantine Center, BAPHIQ (APQC)
Taipei Zoo
TZUOO-ANN Veterinary Hospital
Carrefour Store

Site visits●Whole team●Route A●Route B●Opening/ Closing meeting●Presentation only170

Chinese Taipei

OIE PVS Evaluation – 2019

Timetable of the mission (cont.)
Part II. Central / Southern area
The Second Week (April 22, 2019 - April 24, 2019)
Part III.
The Second Week (Cont.) (April 25, 2019 - April 26, 2019)
Assessor: Dr. Barry Stemshorn (BWS) / Dr. Ana Afonso (AA) / Dr. Thanawat Tiensin (TT)DateTime Assessor Route Location No. Activities/ Presenter/ Institution/ Organisation/ Sites
AM BWS/TT A
21 College of Veterinary Medicine and Veterinary Teaching Hospital,
Taichung
National Chung Hsing University (NCHU)
A
22 Animal Disease Control Center (ADCC) of Changhua County /Changhua
Huatan Township office*
PM BWS/TT A
Changhua 23 Changhua Chicken Association
4/22(Mon)A
Chiayi24 Agribiz Corporation (Chiayi wholesale sector)-Importer of VM
AM AA
BNantou25 Endemic Species Research Institute (ESRI)
B
Nantou26 Nantou Meat Market Corporation – Live pig auction market
PM AA
B
27 Charoen Pokphand Enterprise (CPE) (Taiwan) Co., Ltd.
Nantou-Poultry slaughterhouse/ Poultry processing plant
AM AA
A
28 China Chemical & Pharmaceutical (CCP) Co., Ltd.
Tainan-Manufacturer/ Importer of pharmaceuticals
BWS/TT B
29 Shanhua Animal Shelter,
TainanAnimal Health Inspection and Protection Office of Tainan City
B
Tainan30 Taiwan Veterinary Medical Association (TVMA)
B
Tainan31 Loving Kindness Animal Hospital- including VM retail4/23(Tue) PM BWS/TT B
Kaohsiung 32 Kaohsiung City Gangshan Dist. Meat Market– Live pig auction market
AAA
33 Feed production plant ofKaohsiung
Charoen Pokphand Enterprise (CPE) (Taiwan) Co., Ltd.
All
W
Kaohsiung 34 Kaohsiung Branch, BAPHIQ(CIQS at Kaohsiung Harbor)
35 with Animal Quarantine Station and Animal Disease Control Center (ADCC)
of Kinmen County
4/24(Wed) AM All
W
Pingtung 36 Cha I Shan Foods Co., Ltd.-Swine slaughterhouse/
171Chinese Taipei

OIE PVS Evaluation – 2019PM
4/25(Thr)
4/26(Fri)All Allday
AM/ AllPM

W
W

Pingtung
Pingtung
Pingtung

Pork export slaughterhouse/ Pork processing plant
37 Dawushan Egg Farm
38 Animal Disease Control Center (ADCC) of Pingtung County
39 NAIF- Technical Service Center (NAIF-TSC)

Taipei-

Preparation of preliminary findings and draft summary by assessors

Taipei★

Presentation of preliminary findings and draft summary by assessors
Closing meeting

Site visits●Whole team●Route A●Route B●Opening/ Closing meeting●Presentation only172

Chinese Taipei

OIE PVS Evaluation – 2019

Detailed itinerary of the PVS Mission in Chinese Taipei
April 13 (Saturday)
Arrival of the expert teamApril 14 (Sunday)
Evening reception:
18:00-20:00
Briefing of the objective and process of the mission

Location
TaipeiPart I. Northern area
The First Week (April 15, 2019 - April 21, 2019)
April 15 (Monday)
08:30-09:00

Hotel to COA

09:00-10:00

Courtesy meeting with the Minister of Council of Agriculture (COA)

10:00-12:00

12:00-13:30

Opening Meeting:
Introductory presentation of the PVS Evaluation and overall PVS pathway ofOIEPresenter: expert teamst
1 session: Overall review of veterinary services (VS) in Chinese Taipei
Topic - the organizations and responsibility of VS in Chinese Taipei
Presenter - Bureau of Animal and Plant Health Inspection and Quarantine (BAPHIQ)
2nd session: Animal health inspection and quarantine
Topics - VS regarding animal health inspection, animal quarantine, registration andverification of veterinarians and veterinary medicine, veterinary education as well as
conservation and surveillance of wildlife
Presenters - BAPHIQ 【Divisions of Animal Health Inspection, Animal Quarantine】, Forestry Bureau
Lunch

173

Location
Howard Civil Service International
House/ Taipei
COA/ Taipei

BAPHIQ/ Taipei

Chinese Taipei

13:30-15:30

15:30-16:00

OIE PVS Evaluation – 2019

Opening meeting (Cont.):
3rd session: Introduction of laboratories (Lab) at all levels
Topics - VS regarding national labs, university labs and accredited labs

Presenters - Animal Health Research Institute (AHRI), School of Veterinary Medicine
of National Taiwan University (NTU), Agricultural Technology Research Institute(ATRI) and National Animal Industry Foundation (NAIF)
Participator: Livestock Research Institute (LRI)th
4 session: Food and feed safety
Topics - VS regarding food safety, feed safety, residue control, meat inspection
Presenters - Taiwan Food and Drug Administration (TFDA), Department of AnimalIndustry, BAPHIQ 【Divisions of Animal Health Inspection and Meat Inspection】
Participator: Office of Food Safety, Executive Yuan
Break

16:00-17:30

Opening meeting (Cont.):
5th session: Zoonotic diseases and antibiotic resistance (AMR)
Topics - VS regarding prevention and surveillance of zoonotic diseases as well as
AMR
Presenters - Center for Disease Control (TCDC), BAPHIQ 【Division of Animal
Health Inspection】
6th session: Animal welfareTopics - VS regarding animal welfare
Presenter - Department of Animal Industry

17:30-18:00

BAPHIQ to the hotel

18:00-20:30

Welcome banquet

Howard Civil Service International
House/ Taipei

174

Chinese Taipei

OIE PVS Evaluation – 2019175

Chinese Taipei

OIE PVS Evaluation – 2019

April 16 (Tuesday)
09:00-10:30

Hotel to AHRI

10:30-12:00
12:00-13:30
13:30-15:30
15:30-16:00
16:00-17:30
17:30-19:30

Animal Health Research Institute (AHRI)Lunch
AHRI (Cont. )Break
AHRI (Cont. )Dinner

19:30-20:30

AHRI to hotel

Location
Howard Civil Service
International House/ Taipei

New Taipei

Howard Civil Service
International House/ Taipei

April 17 (Wednesday)
09:30-10:00

Location
Howard Civil Service
International House/ Taipei

Hotel to NTU

12:00-13:00
13:00-14:30
14:30-16:00
16:00-16:30
16:30-18:00
18:00-19:30

School of Veterinary Medicine and Veterinary Teaching Hospital, National Taiwan
University (NTU)
Lunch
NTU to ADIB
Animal Drugs Inspection Branch, AHRI (ADIB)ADIB to ATRI
Agricultural Technology Research Institute (ATRI)
Dinner

19:30-21:00

ATRI to hotel

10:00-12:00

Taipei

MiaoliHoward Civil Service
International House/ Taipei

176

Chinese Taipei

OIE PVS Evaluation – 2019

April 18 (Thursday)
08:30-09:00

Location
Howard Civil Service
International House/ Taipei

Hotel to BAPHIQ

10:30-11:30
11:30-13:00
13:00-14:00
14:00-14:20
14:20-15:20
15:20-15:40
15:40-16:40

Meeting with BAPHIQ officers
1) human resources 2) internal audit/evaluation
3) budget/finances
4) capital assets management
R.O.C. Swine Association
Lunch
Taiwan Veterinary Medicine & Health Industry Association (TVMHIA)
Break
Poultry Association Republic of China (PARC)
NAIF to Consumers’ Foundation
Consumers’ Foundation, Chinese Taipei

16:40-17:00

Consumers’ Foundation to hotel

09:00-10:30

BAPHIQ/ Taipei

NAIF/ Taipei

TaipeiHoward Civil Service
International House/ Taipei

April 19 (Friday)

Location

08:30-10:00

Hotel to Hsinchu Branch, BAPHIQ

Howard Civil Service
International House/ Taipei

10:00-12:30
12:30-13:30
13:30-14:30
14:30-15:00

Hsinchu Branch, BAPHIQ (CIQS at Taoyuan Int. Airport)
Lunch
Hsinchu Branch, BAPHIQ (Cont.)
Hsinchu Branch, BAPHIQ to visiting sites separately
A
Kuang Chuan Dairy Co.,
Reber Genetics Co., Ltd.
LTD
Transfer by car
Animal and Plant Quarantine Center, BAPHIQ (APQC)

15:00-16:00
16:00-16:15
16:15-17:00

177

B

TaoyuanChinese Taipei

OIE PVS Evaluation – 201917:00-18:30

Dinner

18:30-19:30

Visiting sites to hotel

Howard Civil Service
International House/ Taipei

178

Chinese Taipei

OIE PVS Evaluation – 2019

April 20 (Saturday)

Location
Howard Civil Service
International House/ Taipei

09:30-10:00

Hotel to Taipei Zoo

10:00-12:00
12:00-13:30
13:30-14:10
14:10-16:10

Taipei Zoo
Lunch
Taipei Zoo to veterinary hospital
TZUOO-ANN Veterinary Hospital

16:10-17:10

Arrive at hotel/ DinnerTaipei

New Taipei
Howard Civil Service
International House/ Taipei

April 21 (Sunday)
10:30-11:00
11:00-12:00
12:00-13:30
13:30-16:00
16:00

Howard Civil Service
International House/ Taipei

Hotel to Carrefour Store
Carrefour Store in Nei-hu
Lunch
Carrefour to hotel in Taichung
Arrive at hotel

TaipeiHoward Prince Hotel/ TaichungPart II. Central / Southern area

The Second Week (April 22, 2019 - April 24, 2019)
April 22 (Monday)
B:08:30-09:30
A:08:50-09:30

Hotel to visiting sites separately

09:30-10:30

A
College of Veterinary
Medicine and Veterinary
Teaching Hospital, National
Chung Hsing University(NCHU)

Location
Howard Prince Hotel/ TaichungRoute A

B

Route BTaichung

Endemic Species Research Institute (ESRI)

Nantou179

Chinese Taipei

10:30-11:00
11:00-12:00
12:00-13:00
13:00-13:40
13:40-14:40
14:40-16:00

OIE PVS Evaluation – 2019

NCHU to ADCC
Animal Disease Control
Center (ADCC) of Changhua
CountyLunch
ADCC to CCA
Changhua Chicken
Association (CCA)
CCA to Agribiz Co.

16:00-17:00

Agribiz Corporation(Chiayi wholesale sector)

17:00-18:00

Dinner

18:00-19:20

Restaurant to hotel

Changhua

ChiayiLunch
ESRI to auction market
Nantou Meat Market Corporation(Live pig auction market)
Auction market to CPE Co.
Charoen Pokphand Enterprise (CPE)(Taiwan) Co., Ltd. -Poultry slaughterhouse/
Poultry processing plant
Dinner
GUAN-ZI-LING TOONG MAO
SPA Resort/ Tainan

180

Chinese Taipei

OIE PVS Evaluation – 2019

181

Chinese Taipei

OIE PVS Evaluation – 2019182

Chinese Taipei

OIE PVS Evaluation – 2019

April 23 (Tuesday)

Location

B:07:50-08:30

GUAN-ZI-LING TOONG MAO SPA
Resort/ Tainan

Hotel to visiting sites separately
A:09:20-10:00
A

10:00-11:00

China Chemical &Pharmaceutical (CCP) Co.,
Ltd.

08:30

09:30
09:30

10:20

Animal shelter to TVMA
Tainan

10:20

11:10

Taiwan Veterinary Medical Association(TVMA)

11:10

12:00

Loving Kindness Animal Hospital(including VM retail)11:00-12:00

CCP to TVMA
(meet up with route B
for Lunch)

12:00-13:00

Lunch

13:00-13:40

Restaurant to visiting sites separately

13:40-14:40

B
Shanhua Animal Shelter, Animal HealthInspection and Protection Office of
Tainan City

A

B

183

KaohsiungChinese Taipei

OIE PVS Evaluation – 2019

Kaohsiung City Gangshan Dist. Feed production plant of Charoen Pokphand
Meat Market
Enterprise (CPE) (Taiwan) Co., Ltd.
(Live pig auction market)

14:40-16:00

Auction market to KaohsiungBranch, BAPHIQ

Feed production plant to Kaohsiung Branch,
BAPHIQ

16:00-17:00

Kaohsiung Branch, BAPHIQ (CIQS at Kaohsiung Harbor with Animal Quarantine
Station and Animal Disease Control Center of Kinmen County)

17:00-17:50
18:30-20:30

Arrive at hotel
Dinner

The Ambassador Hotel/ Kaohsiung

184

Chinese Taipei

OIE PVS Evaluation – 2019185

Chinese Taipei

OIE PVS Evaluation – 2019

April 24 (Wednesday)

Location

07:30-08:30
08:30-09:30

Hotel to Cha I Shan Foods Co., Ltd.
Cha I Shan Foods Co., Ltd.
-Swine slaughterhouse/ Pork export slaughterhouse/
Pork processing plant

09:30-10:00

Cha I Shan Foods Co., Ltd to Dawushan Egg Farm

10:00-11:00

Dawushan Egg Farm

11:00-13:30

Egg Farm to ADCC/ Lunch

13:30-14:30

Animal Disease Control Center (ADCC) of Pingtung County

14:30-14:40

ADCC to NAIF- Technical Service Center

14:40-15:40

National Animal Industry Foundation (NAIF) - Technical Service Center

15:40-20:30

Pingtung to Taipei/ Dinner

The Ambassador Hotel/ Kaohsiung

Pingtung

Howard Civil Service International
House/ Taipei

186

Chinese Taipei

OIE PVS Evaluation – 2019187

Chinese Taipei

OIE PVS Evaluation – 2019

Part III.
The Second Week (Cont.) (April 25, 2019 - April 26, 2019)
April 25 (Thursday)
Whole day-

Location

Preparation of preliminary findings and draft summary by assessors
PVS team on call at HQ

Howard Civil Service International House/
Taipei
BAPHIQ/ Taipei

April 26 (Friday)
09:00-09:30
09:30-12:00
12:00-13:30
13:30-15:00

15:30-17:30

Howard Civil Service International House/
TaipeiHotel to BAPHIQ
Presentation (Brief preview) of preliminary findings and draft summary
by assessors
Lunch
Presentation (Brief preview) of preliminary findings and draft summary
by assessors (cont.)
Closing meeting (Cont.)Participators: Office of Food Safety, BAPHIQ 【 Divisions of Animal Health

BAPHIQ/ Taipei

BAPHIQ/ Taipei

Inspection, Animal Quarantine and Meat Inspection】, Department of AnimalIndustry, Forestry Bureau, AHRI, LRI, TFDA, TCDC, NTU, ATRI, and NAIF

17:30-18:00
18:00-20:00

BAPHIQ to restaurant
Farewell banquet

20:00-20:30

Restaurant to hotel

Taipei
La Marée/ Taipei
Howard Civil Service International House/
Taipei

April 27 (Saturday)
Departure of the expert team

188

Chinese Taipei

OIE PVS Evaluation – 2019

Map of the Sites/ facilities visited during the mission
Dates of the PVS Mission: April 15, 2019 - April 26, 2019

Site visits●Whole team●Route A●Route B●Opening/ Closing meeting●Presentation only

MAP OF THE COUNTRY INDICATING TRAVEL AND FIELD
VISITS MADE DURING THE MISSION BY THE TEAM (I.E.
INCLUDING SPLITTING OF THE TEAM FOR TRAVEL TO THE
FIELD)

189

Chinese Taipei

OIE PVS Evaluation – 2019

Sites/ facilities visited and list of persons met or interviewed
Assessor: Dr. Barry Stemshorn (BWS) / Dr. Ana Afonso (AA) / Dr. Thanawat Tiensin (TT)Assessor(s)
All
All
All

Location &Jurisdiction

Institution – Agency – Group- Association

Person(s) met andinterviewed

Position

Taipei

Council of Agriculture,
Executive Yuan (COA)Council of Agriculture,
Executive Yuan (COA)
Bureau of Animal and Plant
HealthInspection
andQuarantine, COA (BAPHIQ)
Bureau of Animal and Plant
HealthInspection
andQuarantine, COA (BAPHIQ)
Animal Health Inspection
Division, BAPHIQ
Animal Health Inspection
Division, BAPHIQ
Animal Health Inspection
Division, BAPHIQ
Animal Health Inspection
Division, BAPHIQ
Veterinary Administration
Section, Animal HealthInspection Division, BAPHIQ
Veterinary Administration
Section, Animal HealthInspection Division, BAPHIQ
Veterinary Administration
Section, Animal HealthInspection Division, BAPHIQ

Chi-Chung Chen

Minister

Jin-Cheng Huang

Deputy Minister

Wen-Jane Tu

Deputy Director General

Watson Sung

Consultant

Jung-Pin Hsu

Division Director

Lucy Chow

Deputy Director

Yvonne Y.F. Liu

Senior Specialist

Chung-Hwei Yao

Senior Specialist

Cheng-Ta Tsai

Section Chief

Hui-Mei ShihSpecialist

Ying-Chen Tsai

Associate Specialist

TaipeiTaipeiTaipeiTaipeiBWS

TaipeiTaipeiTaipeiAA/TT

TaipeiTaipeiTaipei190

Chinese Taipei

BWS/TTOIE PVS Evaluation – 2019

TaipeiTaipeiTT

TaipeiTaipeiTaipeiAA/TT

TaipeiTT

TaipeiAA/TT

TaipeiTaipeiTaipeiTaipeiTaipeiTaipeiAll

Animal Health Inspection
Section, Animal HealthInspection Division, BAPHIQ
Animal Health Inspection
Section, Animal HealthInspection Division, BAPHIQ
Animal Health Inspection
Section, Animal HealthInspection Division, BAPHIQ
Animal Health Inspection
Section, Animal HealthInspection Division, BAPHIQ
Veterinary Drug Section,
Animal Health Inspection
Division, BAPHIQ
Veterinary Drug Section,
Animal Health Inspection
Division, BAPHIQ
Veterinary Drug Section,
Animal Health Inspection
Division, BAPHIQ
Animal Quarantine Division,
BAPHIQ
Animal Quarantine Division,
BAPHIQ
AnimalQuarantine
Technology Section, Animal
Quarantine Division, BAPHIQ
AnimalQuarantine
Technology Section, Animal
Quarantine Division, BAPHIQ
Meat Inspection Division,
BAPHIQ
Meat Inspection Division,
BAPHIQ
191

Nien-Nung Lin

Section Chief

Ching-Tzong
Chen

Specialist

Yu-Bin Chou

Specialist

Yi-An Chen

Project AssistantYing-Ping Ma

Specialist

Cheng-Jou Chan

Specialist

Yi-Ming Huang

Associate Specialist

Ming-Hsing Peng

Division Director

Huang-Lin Kao

Deputy Director

Yueh-Ping Lin

Section Chief

Yen-Ting Chan

Specialist

Rocky Lin

Division Director

Chih-Hsien Lin

Deputy Director

Chinese Taipei

TT

OIE PVS Evaluation – 2019

TaipeiTaipeiTaipeiTT

Taipei
New Taipei

BWS

New Taipei
Miaoli

MiaoliTaipeiTT

TaipeiBWS

TaipeiTaipeiTaipeiPingtung
Pingtung

Meat Inspection Technical
Section, Meat Inspection
Division, BAPHIQ
Meat Inspection Technical
Section, Meat Inspection
Division, BAPHIQ
Conservation Division,
Forestry Bureau, COA
Conservation Division,
Forestry Bureau, COA
Animal Health ResearchInstitute, COA (AHRI)
Epidemiology Division, AHRI

Ying-Kai Chang

Section Chief

Chuan-Wei Tung

Specialist

Chia-Jun Weng

Technical Specialist

Yu-Chang Yang

Associate Technical
Specialist
Director general

Animal Technology
Laboratories, Division ofAnimal Industry, ATRI
Animal Technology
Laboratories, Division ofAnimal Industry, ATRI
National Animal Industry
Foundation (NAIF)
National Animal Industry
Foundation (NAIF)
National Animal Industry
Foundation (NAIF)
National Animal Industry
Foundation
National Animal Industry
Foundation
Technical Service Center,
NAIF
Technical Service Center,
NAIF

Shih-Ping Chen

Research Scientist/ Division
Chief
Principal Researcher

Ming-Chang Lee

Associate Researcher

Chuang-Chin Chiu

CEO

Hsu-Chang Wang

Deputy CEO

Jenny Huang

Senior Specialist

Ta-Jen Cho

Section Chief

Yu-Chen Yeh

Officer

Su-Lien Kuo

Chief of TSC

Tzu-Han Su

Technical Analyst

192

Chwei-Jang Chiou
Fan LeeChinese Taipei

OIE PVS Evaluation – 2019

TaipeiBWS

TaipeiTaipeiAA/TT

TaipeiAA/TT

TaipeiTaipeiTaipeiTaipeiTaipeiAA/TT

TaipeiTaipeiTaipeiTaipeiTaipeiTaipeiTaipeiSchool of Veterinary
Medicine, NTU
School of Veterinary
Medicine, NTU
School of Veterinary
Medicine, NTU
Food Safety Division, TFDA,
MOHW
Food Safety Division, TFDA,
MOHW
Food Safety Division, TFDA,
MOHW
Northern Center for Regional
Administration, TFDA, MOHW
Animal Protection Section,
Department of AnimalIndustry, COA
Farm Management Section,
Department of AnimalIndustry, COA
Division of Acute infectious
Diseases, TCDC, MOHWDivision of Planning and
Coordination, TCDC, MOHW
Center for Diagnostics andVaccine Development, TCDC,
MOHW
Division of Infection Control
and Biosafety, TCDC, MOHW
Epidemic Intelligence Center,
TCDC, MOHWDivision of Acute infectious
Diseases, TCDC, MOHW
Animal Industry Division, LRI,
COA
193

Chian-Ren Jeng

Professor & Dean

Hui-Wen Chen

Associate Professor

Hui-Wen Chang

Assistant Professor

Jen-Ting Wei

Deputy Director

Ying-Hsien Fu

Section Chief

Yun-Hsiang Yang

Associate Reviewer

Ya-Chun Yang

Section Chief

Peter C.H. Chen

Senior Technical Specialist

His-Chia Chen

Technical Specialist

Chin-Hui Yang

Director

Pei-Chun Chuang

Associate Researcher

Su-Lin Yang

Associate Researcher

Wei-Hui Chou

Technical specialist

Elle Shuwan Jian

Specialist

Hsiang-Tzu Li

Professional Nurse

Ming-Yang Tsa

Assistant Researcher

Chinese Taipei

OIE PVS Evaluation – 2019

Miaoli
Miaoli
Miaoli
Miaoli
Miaoli

Agricultural Technology
Research Institute (ATRI)
Agricultural Technology
Research Institute (ATRI)
Agricultural Technology
Research Institute (ATRI)
Agricultural Technology
Research Institute (ATRI)
Agricultural Technology
Research Institute (ATRI)

194

Sheng-Fu Hsu

Researcher

Pao-Hsia Lin

Research Assistant

Tsung-Hsun Hsieh

Research Assistant

Chu-Ching Hsu

Research AssistantChiung-Yin Hsu

Research AssistantChinese Taipei

OIE PVS Evaluation – 2019

Field visits, meetings and interviews
Assessor(s) Location & Institution – Agency – Group Jurisdiction Association
All

All

All
All
All
All
All

TaipeiTaipeiTaipeiTaipeiTaipeiTaipeiTaipei
Miaoli
MiaoliAll

Miaoli
Miaoli

Bureau of Animal and Plant HealthInspection and Quarantine, COA(BAPHIQ)
Bureau of Animal and Plant HealthInspection and Quarantine, COA(BAPHIQ)
Animal Health Inspection Division,
BAPHIQ
AnimalQuarantine
Division,
BAPHIQ
Animal Health Inspection Division,
BAPHIQ
Animal Health Inspection Division,
BAPHIQ
Animal Health Inspection Division,
BAPHIQ
Agricultural Technology ResearchInstitute (ATRI)
Agricultural Technology ResearchInstitute (ATRI)
Agricultural Technology ResearchInstitute (ATRI)
Agricultural Technology ResearchInstitute (ATRI)

Person(s) met andinterviewed

Position

Wen-Jane Tu

Deputy Director General

Watson Sung

Consultant

Lucy Chow

Deputy Director

Yueh-Ping Lin (Augusta)

Section Chief

Yu-Bin Chou (Eileen)

Specialist

Ying-Chen Tsai

Associate Specialist

Yi-An Chen (Venus)

Project Assistant

Sheng-Fu Hsu

Researcher

Pao-Hsia Lin

Research AssistantMing-Chang Lee

Associate Researcher

Tsung-Hsun Hsieh

Research Assistant※During the field visits, PVS team (Listed above) accompanied the OIE expert team and participated in the discussions.

195

Chinese Taipei

Asses-sor(s)All

OIE PVS Evaluation – 2019

Location & Institution – Agency – Group Jurisdiction Association

Person(s) met andinterviewed

Position

New Taipei

Chwei-Jang
Chiou
Tsung-Wen Hsu

Director general

Chien-Yuan Huang

Chief secretary

New Taipei
New Taipei
New Taipei
New Taipei
New Taipei
Pingtung
New Taipei
New Taipei
New Taipei
New Taipei
New Taipei
New Taipei

Animal Health ResearchInstitute (AHRI)
Animal Health ResearchInstitute (AHRI)
Animal Health ResearchInstitute (AHRI)
Biologics Division, AHRI
Biologics Division, AHRI
Biologics Division, AHRI
Biology Division, AHRI
Biology Division, AHRI
Biology Division, AHRI
Epidemiology Division, AHRI
Epidemiology Division, AHRI
Epidemiology Division, AHRI
Epidemiology Division, AHRI
Epidemiology Division, AHRIHog Cholera Division, AHRI

Chun-Hsien Tseng
Ai-Ping Hsu
Yen-Lin Li
Chien Tu
Chien-Chih Wu
Yi-Ping Lu
Fan Lee
Ming-Shiuh Lee
Yu-Ju Lin
Yen-Ping Chen
Jen-Chieh Chang
Ming-Chung Deng

New Taipei
New Taipei

Hog Cholera Division, AHRIHog Cholera Division, AHRI

Chia-Yi Chang
Chu-Hsiang Pan

Researcher and division chief
Associate researcher
Associate researcher
Researcher and division chief
Associate researcher
Associate researcher
Researcher and division chief
Researcher
Associate researcher
Associate researcher
Associate researcher
Associate researcher and division acting
chief
Associate researcher
Associate researcher

New Taipei
New Taipei
All
All
All
All
All
All
BWS/AAAll

196

Deputy director general

Chinese Taipei

Asses-sor(s)OIE PVS Evaluation – 2019

Location & Institution – Agency – Group Jurisdiction Association

Person(s) met
andinterviewed

Position

TaipeiSchool of Veterinary Medicine

Professor & Dean

All
All

TaipeiTaipeiTaipeiSchool of Veterinary Medicine
School of Veterinary Medicine
School of Veterinary Medicine

AA
All
All
All

TaipeiTaipeiTaipei
MiaoliAll

MiaoliSchool of Veterinary Medicine
School of Veterinary Medicine
School of Veterinary Medicine
Animal Drugs Inspection
Branch, AHRI (ADIB)
Department of Biological Assayand Research, ADIB, AHRI
Department of Biological Assayand Research, ADIB, AHRI
Department of Chemical Assayand Research, ADIB, AHRI
Department of Chemical Assayand Research, ADIB, AHRI
Department of experimentanimal and Research, ADIB,
AHRI
Department of experimentanimal and Research, ADIB,
AHRI
Department of experimentanimal and Research, ADIB,
AHRI
Department of Biological Assayand Research, ADIB, AHRIChian-Ren
Jeng
Chau-Hua Chi
Hui-Wen Chen
Hui-WenChang
Ya-Pei Chang
Pin-Huan Yu
Jin-Ming Liu
Shiu-Ru Yeh
Chun-Ta Lin

Chief

I-Ting Ko

Assistant Research Fellow

Wen-Hua Lin

Chief

Yu-Hsien Chen

Assistant Research Fellow

Chia-Chen
Chang

Chief

Chun-Yi
ChiangAssistant Research Fellow

Jen-Hun Tsa

Assistant Research Fellow

Chun-Ta Lin

Chief

All

MiaoliTT/BWS
All

Miaoli
Miaoli
MiaoliTT

MiaoliAll

MiaoliAll

Miaoli

197

Professor & Director
Associate Professor
Assistant Professor
Assistant Professor
Assistant Professor
Chief Resident
Director

Chinese Taipei

All

OIE PVS Evaluation – 2019

MiaoliAA

MiaoliAll

Miaoli

Miaoli

MiaoliAll

MiaoliAll

Miaoli

BWS/AA

Miaoli

MiaoliAll

Miaoli

Agricultural Technology
Research Institute (ATRI)
Department of Animal
Technology Laboratories, ATRIDivision of Animal Medicine,
Department of Animal
Technology Laboratories, ATRIDivision of Animal Resources,
Department of Animal
Technology Laboratories, ATRIDivision of Animal Resources,
Department of Animal
Technology Laboratories, ATRIDivision of Animal Industry,
Department of Animal
Technology Laboratories, ATRIDivision of Animal Industry,
Department of Animal
Technology Laboratories, ATRIDivision of Animal Industry,
Department of Animal
Technology Laboratories, ATRIDivision of Animal Technology,
Department of Animal
Technology Laboratories, ATRIDivision of Animal Industry,
Department of Animal
Technology Laboratories, ATRI

Jiunn-Horng
Lin
Jyh-Shiun Lin

Vice President

Zeng-Weng
Chen

Chief

Wen-Der Fang

Chief

Jen-Wei Lin

Researcher

Shih-Ping
Chen

Principal Researcher

Chen-Yuan
Liao

Senior Researcher

Ming-Chang
Lee

Associate Researcher

Sheng-Fu Hsu

Researcher

Kai-Chun
Chang

Associate Researcher

198

Director

Chinese Taipei

Assessor(s)Location & Institution – Agency – Group Jurisdiction Association

BWS/AA Taipei
AA
TaipeiTaipeiTaipeiTaipeiAll

TT

TaipeiTaipeiTaipeiTaipeiTaipeiTaipeiTaipeiTT

BWS/TT

MiaoliTaipeiTaipeiTaipeiTaipeiTaipeiAA
AA

OIE PVS Evaluation – 2019

TaipeiTaipeiPlanning Division, BAPHIQ
Planning Division, BAPHIQ
Diagnosis and Identification Section,
Planning Division, BAPHIQ
Diagnosis and Identification Section,
Planning Division, BAPHIQ
Research and Evaluation Section
Planning Division, BAPHIQ
Personnel office, BAPHIQ
Accounting office, BAPHIQ
Accounting office, BAPHIQ
Secretariat, BAPHIQ
National Animal Industry Foundation(NAIF)
National Animal Industry Foundation(NAIF)
National Animal Industry Foundation(NAIF)
Agricultural Technology ResearchInstitute(ATRI)
Meat Inspection Division, BAPHIQ
Meat Inspection Division, BAPHIQ
Meat Inspection Division, BAPHIQ
Animal Health Inspection Division,
BAPHIQ
Animal Health Inspection Division,
BAPHIQ
R.O.C. Swine Association
R.O.C. Swine Association

Person(s) met andinterviewed

Position

Chih-Hung Lin
Wan-Ju Lee
Sheng-Kuang Wang

Director
Senior Executive Officer
Section Chief

Jiunn-Yaw Lin

Specialist

Luo-Sheng Huang

OfficerPang-Hsin Tang
Chao-Hui Chen
Jia-Chun Zhang
Zhu-Jing Deng
Jenny Huang

Secretary
Director
Executive Officer
Clerk
Senior Specialist

Ren-Jheng Fang

Director

You-Ci Yang

Chief

Huo-Yuan Chou

Associate Researcher

Rocky Lin
Chih-Hsien Lin
Ying-Kai Chang
Yvonne Y.F. Liu

Director
Deputy Director
Section Chief
Senior Specialist

Ching-Tzong Chen

Specialist

Jin- Sheng Jhang
Chien-Yung Pan

Secretary general
Vice Secretary general

199

Chinese Taipei

AA

TaipeiAll

TaipeiAll

TaipeiAll

TaipeiTaipeiTaipei

All
BWS
AA
AA/TT

New Taipei
New Taipei
New Taipei
TaipeiTaipeiAll

TaipeiTaipeiAll

TaipeiTaipeiOIE PVS Evaluation – 2019

Animal Health Inspection Division,
BAPHIQ
Taiwan Veterinary Medicine &Healthcare Industry Association
Taiwan Veterinary Medicine &Healthcare Industry Association
Taiwan Veterinary Medicine &Healthcare Industry Association
Animal Health Inspection Division,
BAPHIQ
Animal Health Inspection Division,
BAPHIQ
Poultry association republic of china
Poultry association republic of china
Poultry association republic of china
National Animal Industry Foundation
Animal Health Inspection Division,
BAPHIQ
Consumers’ Foundation, Chinese
TaipeiConsumers’ Foundation, Chinese
TaipeiConsumers’ Foundation, Chinese
TaipeiConsumers’ Foundation, Chinese
TaipeiNien-Nung Lin

Section Chief

Hsien-Ta Li

Chairman

Kelvin Chen
Chih-Chang Kuo

Special Assistant
To Chairman
General Secretary

Yvonne Y.F. Liu

Senior Specialist

Cheng-Jou Chan

Specialist

Chien-Pei Wang
Yu-Chen Ho
Tzu-Jung Chung
Jenny Huang
Ching-Tzong Chen

Secretary general
Director
Commissioner
Senior Specialist
Specialist

Li-Fen Lei

ChairmanRong-Dar Wu

Secretary General

Ming-Ju Chen

Food committee

Lily Ou Yang

Executive Secretary200

Chinese Taipei

Asses-sor(s)

TT/AA

TT/AA

OIE PVS Evaluation – 2019

Location &Jurisdiction

Institution – Agency – Group Association

Person(s) met and interviewed

Position

Taoyuan

HC-BAPHIQ

Jung-Huei Ko

Director

Taoyuan

HC-BAPHIQ

Song Lin

Deputy Director

Taoyuan

HC-BAPHIQ

Wan-Te Hsu

Secretary

Taoyuan

Animal Quarantine Section, HCBAPHIQ
Animal Quarantine Section, HCBAPHIQ
Animal Quarantine Section, HCBAPHIQ
Animal Quarantine Section, HCBAPHIQ
Customs Administration,
Ministry of Finance Taipei
Customs
Customs Administration,
Ministry of Finance Taipei
Customs
National Immigration Agency
Aviation Police Bureau, National
Police Agency, Ministry of theInterior
Northern Regional Center,
Centers for Disease Control
Northern Regional Center,
Centers for Disease Control
Northern Regional Center,
Centers for Disease Control
Northern Center for Regional
Administration, Food and Drug
Administration

Chung-Yu Lee

Section Chief

Jenn-Haur Chiou

Technical Specialist

Dai-Yen Lee

Technical Specialist

Hui-Chuan Pan

Associate Technical Specialist

Xin-Ping Wen

Officer

Ruei-Shiang Tsai

Officer

Hung-Chieh Lin
Jeng-Mei Su

Caption
Officer

TaoyuanTaoyuanTaoyuanTaoyuanTaoyuanTaoyuanTaoyuanTaipeiTaipeiTaipeiAA

Taipei201

Kun-Bin Wu
Mei-Jung Chen

Center Director
Section Chief

Sue-Jing Chang

Medical Officer

Shih Chun Nan

Associate Technical Specialist

Chinese Taipei

OIE PVS Evaluation – 2019

TT/AA

TaipeiTT/AA

Taoyuan

TT/AA

Taoyuan

TT/AA
AA
TT/AA

TaoyuanTaoyuanTaoyuanTaipeiAA

TaoyuanTaipei

BWS
BWS
BWS

All

TaoyuanTaoyuanTaoyuanTaoyuanTaipeiTaoyuanTaoyuanTaoyuanAll

TaoyuanTaoyuanTaoyuan

Animal Quarantine Division,
BAPHIQKUANG CHUAN DAIRY CO.,LTD
Ta-Yuan Plant
KUANG CHUAN DAIRY CO.,LTD
Ta-Yuan Plant
Animal Protection Office,Animal Protection Office,Animal Protection Office,Northern Center for Regional
Administration, Food and Drug
Administration
Department of Public Health,Taoyuan
Animal Health Inspection
Division, BAPHIQ
Reber Genetics Co., Ltd.
Reber Genetics Co., Ltd.
Reber Genetics Co., Ltd.
Animal Protection Office
Animal Health Inspection
Division, BAPHIQ
Animal and Plant Quarantine
Center, BAPHIQ
Animal and Plant Quarantine
Center, BAPHIQ
Animal and Plant Quarantine
Center, BAPHIQ
Animal and Plant Quarantine
Center, BAPHIQ
Animal and Plant Quarantine
Center, BAPHIQ
Animal and Plant Quarantine
Center, BAPHIQ

202

Chun-Yao Chiu

Specialistjaho-jo-Ku

Assistant Manager

Eric Hsu

Assistant Project Manager

Tao-Ming Chu
De-Chi Wang
Chuan-Chuan Lin
Hung-Shin YI

Section Chief
Section Chief
Associate technical specialist
Officer

Chien -Min
Lee
Heng-Yi Wu

Public Health Inspector

Tsung-Yen Wu
Carol Wu
Yao-Ting TsengYing-Hao Chan
Cheng-Jou Chan

Assistant Manager
Manager
Section Manager
Director
Specialist

Shian-Jyue Du

Director

Huang-Pin Yang

Specialist

Chung-Yu Huang

Specialist

Shih-Hung Chang

Associate Specialist

Shu-Chun Hsieh

Associate Specialist

Yow-Yang Lai

Associate Specialist

Specialist

Chinese Taipei

OIE PVS Evaluation – 2019

TaoyuanYi-Mei Ouyang

Associate Specialist

Mu-Chuan Hsu

Associate Specialist

TaipeiAnimal and Plant Quarantine
Center, BAPHIQ
Animal and Plant Quarantine
Center, BAPHIQ
Planning Division, BAPHIQ

Chih-Hung Lin

Director

Location &Jurisdiction

Institution – Agency – Group Association

Person(s) met and interviewed

Position

TaipeiTaipei Zoo

Jason SC Chin

Director

All

TaipeiTaipeiTaipei Zoo
Taipei Zoo

Joe JC Guo
Sera YH Lai

Chief Vet
Assistant researcher

All

TaipeiTaipeiTaipei Zoo
Taipei Zoo

Tina TY Chen
Li-Hsin Wu

Research AssistantLaboratory technician

TaipeiTaipei City Animal Protection
OfficeDepartment of Education, Taipei
City Government
Department of Education, Taipei
City Government
Tzuooann animal hospital Minimally invasive surgery
centerTzuooann animal hospital Minimally invasive surgery
centerTzuooann animal hospital Minimally invasive surgery
centerTzuooann animal hospital Minimally invasive surgery
centerChing-Ann Wu

Team Chief

Yi-Cheng Huang
Susan Kuo

Sub-division
Chief
Section AssistantSian-Jie Ciou

Director

Yu-Jui Chang

DoctorRoya Chen

DoctorYung-Wen Mo

Manager

TaoyuanAsses-sor(s)
All

All

TaipeiTaipeiAll

All

New Taipei

New Taipei

New Taipei

New Taipei

203

Chinese Taipei

OIE PVS Evaluation – 2019

New Taipei City Government
Animal Protection and HealthInspection Office
New Taipei City Government
Animal Protection and HealthInspection Office
Animal Health Inspection
Division, BAPHIQ

Shu-Yun Yin (Saron Yin)

Section Chief

Meng-Chien
Lin

Associate Technical Specialist

Cheng-Ta Tsai

Section Chief

Location &Jurisdiction

Institution – Agency – Group Association

Person(s) met and interviewed

Position

TaipeiCarrefour TM StoreAngel Chiu

Store Manager

AA/TT
All

TaipeiTaipeiCarrefour TM Store
Carrefour Public Affairs andServices Division

Michelle Mc Chen
Matthew CHANG

Regional Hygiene Manager
Taipei North Region Manager

All

Taipei

Department of Health Taipei City
Government
Department of Health Taipei City
Government

Ching-Yao Huang

Specialist

Nien-Pin Tsou

Sanitation Inspector

Location &Jurisdiction

Institution – Agency – Group Association

Person(s) met and interviewed

Position

Taichung

College of Veterinary Medicine,National Chung Hsing University
Department of Veterinary
Medicine, College of Veterinary
Medicine, National Chung Hsing
University
Animal Disease Diagnosis
Center, College of Veterinary
Medicine, National Chung Hsing
University

Chao-chin Chang

Dean

Peng-Wen Chan

Chairman

AA/TT

New Taipei

New Taipei

Taipei
Asses-sor(s)Taipei
Asses-sor(s)BWS/TT
BWS/TT

BWS/TT

Taichung

Taichung

204

Jiunn-Wang Liao
Director

Chinese Taipei

TT

OIE PVS Evaluation – 2019

Taichung

Taichung

Taichung

Taichung
Taichung
BWS/TT

Changhua
Changhua
Changhua
Changhua
Changhua
Changhua
Changhua
Changhua
Changhua

Department of Veterinary
Medicine, College of Veterinary
Medicine, National Chung Hsing
University
Radiology, Veterinary Medical
Teaching Hospital, College of
Veterinary Medicine, National
Chung Hsing University
Veterinary Medical Teaching
Hospital, College of Veterinary
Medicine, National Chung Hsing
University
Animal Quarantine Section,
TCBAPHIQ
Animal Quarantine Section,
TCBAPHIQ
Animal Disease Control Centerof Changhua County
Animal Disease Control Centerof Changhua County
Animal Disease Control Centerof Changhua County
Animal Disease Control Centerof Changhua County
Animal Disease Control Centerof Changhua County
Animal Disease Control Centerof Changhua County
Animal Disease Control Centerof Changhua County
Animal Disease Control Centerof Changhua County
Animal Disease Control Centerof Changhua County

205

Hui-Ying Chiu

Assistant Professor

Kuan-Sheng Chen

Head

Ming- Yuan Wang
Veterinarian

Ling-Jhuan Ju

Associate Technical Specialist

Ting Lo

Associate Technical Specialist

Meng-Chin Tung

Director

Yi-Mei Hsieh

Secretary

Mei-Jhu Chen

Chief

Tsang-Wei Cheng

Chief

Chia-Ling Weng

Chief

Ming-Hsing Liao

Chief

Shu-Hua Huang

Chief

Jia-Lin Lai

Associate Technical Specialist

Sih-Ting Hong

Associate Technical Specialist

Chinese Taipei

OIE PVS Evaluation – 2019

Changhua

Changhua County Government

Chen-Kou Lai

Secretary General

ChanghuaPing-Sen Chen

Director

Yu-Fen Cheng

Veterinarian

Chien-I Huang

Veterinarian

Changhua

Department of Agriculture,
Changhua County Government
Beidou Township office,Changhua County
Huatan Township office,Changhua County
Animal Farms in Changhua

Ching-Ching Chen

Farm contract veterinarian

Changhua

Animal Farms in Changhua

Feng-Yuan Chen

Farm contract veterinarian

Taichung

Ling-Jhuan Ju

Associate Technical Specialist

Ting Lo

Associate Technical Specialist

Changhuai

Animal Quarantine Section,
TCBAPHIQ
Animal Quarantine Section,
TCBAPHIQ
Changhua Chicken Association

Wen-Long Hsieh

President

Changhuai

Changhua Chicken Association

Johnson Hsiao

Executive Secretary

Chiayi

Agribiz Corporation

Chien-Tai ChuangVice General Manager

Chiayi

Agribiz Corporation

Chin-He Kuo

Manager

Chiayi
Chiayi

Agribiz Corporation
Chiayi Inspection Station,
TCBAPHIQ

Wei-Sheng Chou
Mei-Jy Shush

Assistant Manager
Specialist

TaipeiAnimal Health Inspection
Division, BAPHIQ
Endemic Species ResearchInstitute
Endemic Species ResearchInstitute
Endemic Species ResearchInstitute

Wei-Lun Chen

Associate Specialist

Jia-Dong Yang

Director

Hsi-Chi Chang

Chief of division and Seniorresearcher
Associate researcher

Changhua
BWS/TT

ChanghuaTaichung
BWS/TT

BWS/TTAA

NantouNantouAA

NantouFang-Tse Chan

206

Chinese Taipei

AA

AA

AA

OIE PVS Evaluation – 2019

NantouWildlife Rescue and ResearchCenter (WRRC)
Endemic Species ResearchInstitute
Wildlife Rescue and ResearchCenter (WRRC)
Endemic Species ResearchInstitute
Wildlife Rescue and ResearchCenter (WRRC)
Endemic Species ResearchInstitute
Wildlife Rescue and ResearchCenter (WRRC)
Endemic Species ResearchInstitute
Wildlife Rescue and ResearchCenter (WRRC)
Endemic Species ResearchInstitute
Wildlife Rescue and ResearchCenter (WRRC)
Department of Forestry andNatural Resources, National
Chiayi University
Division of Animal Industry,
Department of Animal
Technology Laboratories, ATRI
Nantou Meat Market Corporation

NantouNantou Meat Market Corporation

Tien-Kuei-Yang

Manager

NantouNantou Meat Market Corporation

Chen-Cheng Chien

Veterinarian

NantouNantou Meat Market Corporation

Su-Chiu Chiang

Chief

NantouNantouNantouNantou

AA

AA

AA

AA
AA

NantouChiayi

Miaoli

207

Kuei-Hsien Lin

Assistant researcher

Chi-Feng Tsai

Assistant researcher

Shun- Ting Hsiao

Project assistant/veterinarianTong-Pei Hsieh

Project assistant

Yun-Ling Tsai

Project assistantJian-Nan Liu

Assistant Professor

Chen-Yuan Liao

Senior Researcher

Yi-Hsiung Chou

General Manager

Chinese Taipei

AA

OIE PVS Evaluation – 2019

NantouNantou Meat Market Corporation

Wen-Yi Tu

Clerk

NantouNantou Meat Market Corporation

Ying-Ju Chen

Clerk

NantouNantou Meat Market Corporation

Chieh-Ling Chen

Technician

NantouNantou Meat Market Corporation

Shu-Hui Liao

Technician

NantouChia-Yung Tang

Director

Kuo-Hsiang Chang

Chief

Jhih-Rong Liao

Chief

Kuo-Hui Hsu

Chief

Lin-Chu Tsai

Technical Specialist

Kuo-Yang Chen

Specialist

Pei-Erh Lin

Director

Chih-Hsien Lin

Deputy Director

Ying-Kai Chang

Section Chief

NantouNantou County Animal Disease
Control Center
Nantou County Animal Disease
Control Center
Nantou County Animal Disease
Control Center
Nantou County Animal Disease
Control Center
Nantou County Animal Disease
Control Center
Meat Inspection Section,
TCBAPHIQ
National Animal Industry
Foundation
Meat Inspection Division,
BAPHIQ
Meat Inspection Division,
BAPHIQ
Charoen Pokphand Taiwan

Wei-Yueh Chang

Senior Vice President

NantouCharoen Pokphand Taiwan

Chatree Rachatasomboon

Senior Vice President

NantouCharoen Pokphand Taiwan

Shu-Chang Liao

Vice President

NantouCharoen Pokphand Taiwan

Yu-Sheng Hsiao

General Manager

NantouCharoen Pokphand Taiwan

Yi-ching Chen

General Manager

NantouCharoen Pokphand Taiwan

Jui-Ming Yang

Assistant Manager

NantouNantouNantouNantouAA

Taichung
Taichung

AA

TaipeiTaipei

AA

AA

208

Chinese Taipei

AA
AA
AA

OIE PVS Evaluation – 2019

NantouCharoen Pokphand Taiwan

Chien-De Sung

Veterinarian

NantouCharoen Pokphand Taiwan

Chun-Hsiung Wu

Veterinarian

NantouNantou County Animal Disease
Control Center
Central Center for Regional
Administration, Food and Drug
Administration
Nantou county government
Public Health Bureau
Nantou county government
Public Health Bureau

Chia-Yung Tang

Director

Liang-Zi

Technical Specialist

Hsieh Ling Hua

Section chief

Lin Su Sui

Technical Specialist

Location &Jurisdiction

Institution – Agency – Group Association

Person(s) met and interviewed

Position

TainanCCPC Tainan Plant I

Tien-Pao Chen

Adviser

TainanCCPC Tainan Plant I

Ming-Sheng ChanVice President

TainanCCPC Animal Health Division
Sales Department
CCPC Quality Assurance
Division
CCPC Tainan Plant I

Jason Wang

Director

Jhong-You
Yen
Tun-Jen Tu

Director

CCPC Tainan Plant I Inj & Sol
Section
CCPC Animal Health DivisionMarketing Department
Tainan City Animal HealthInspection and Protection Office
Kaohsiung City Gangshan Dist.
Meat Market
Kaohsiung City Gangshan Dist.
Meat Market

Ming-Hsun Wu

Section Manager

Chester HouSpecialist

Hong-Ming Chen

Associate Technical Specialist

Ying-Po Lin

Director

Jung-Pei Chiang

Deputy director

Taichung

NantouAA
Asses-sor(s)
AA
AA
AA
AA

NantouTainanTainanAA
AA
AA
BWS/TT

TainanTainanTainanKaohsiung
Kaohsiung

209

Plant Director

Chinese Taipei

OIE PVS Evaluation – 2019

Kaohsiung
BWS/TT

Kaohsiung
Kaohsiung
Kaohsiung
Kaohsiung
Kaohsiung
Kaohsiung
Kaohsiung
Kaohsiung
Kaohsiung

BWS/TT

TaipeiTaipeiTT

TainanTainanTainanTainanKaohsiung City Gangshan Dist.
Meat Market
National Animal Industry
Faundation(NAIF)
Kaohsiung City Animal
Protection Office
Kaohsiung City Animal
Protection Office
Kaohsiung City Animal
Protection Office
Kaohsiung City Animal
Protection Office

Lee-Chieh Huang

Veterinarian

Nan-Hong Lee

Veterinarian Director

Yun-Yen Huang
Kun-Sung Yeh

Project Assistant *at auction
marketDirector

Chia-Hung Sun

chief

Hsin-Yi Yeh

Technician

Kaohsiung City Animal
Protection Office
Meat Inspection Section, KHBAPHIQ

Cheng-Ching Lee

Technician

Tsung-Jen Lee

Section Chief

Meat Inspection Section, KHBAPHIQ
Meat Inspection Section, KHBAPHIQ
Meat Inspection Division,
BAPHIQ
Meat Inspection Division,
BAPHIQ
Tainan City Animal HealthInspection and Protection Office
Tainan City Animal HealthInspection and Protection Office
Tainan City Animal HealthInspection and Protection Office
Tainan City Animal HealthInspection and Protection Office

Sheng-Yu Ho

Technical Specialist

Chia-Chuan Tseng

Associate Technical Specialist

Chih-Hsien Lin

Deputy Director

Ying-Kai Chang

Section Chief

Ming-Pin Wu

Director

Wei-Chao Chuang

Deputy Director

Kun-Chou Yen

echnical Specialist

Jhen-Kai Hong

Technical Specialist

210

Chinese Taipei

OIE PVS Evaluation – 2019

Tainan
BWS/TTTT

TainanTainanTainanTainanTainanTainanTT
BWS/TT

TainanTainanTainanTainanTainanTainanTainanTainan

BWS/TT

Taipei
Kaohsing

Tainan City Animal HealthInspection and Protection Office
Tainan City Animal HealthInspection and Protection Office
Tainan City Animal HealthInspection and Protection Office
Tainan City Animal HealthInspection and Protection Office
Tainan City Animal HealthInspection and Protection Office
Tainan City Animal HealthInspection and Protection Office
Tainan City Animal HealthInspection and Protection Office
Tainan City Animal HealthInspection and Protection OfficeTaiwan Veterinary Medical
Association
Loving Kindness Internation
Technology CO.,LTD.(L.K Group)
Taiwan Veterinary Medical
Association
Taiwan Veterinary Medical
Association
Loving Kindness Internation
Technology CO.,LTD.(L.K Group)
Tainan City Animal HealthInspection and Protection Office
Tainan City Animal HealthInspection and Protection Office
Animal Health Inspection
Division, BAPHIQ
Charoen Pokphand Enterprise
Kaohsing Plant

211

Jia-Ling Chang

Chief

Chun-Nan Chou

Chief

I-Chang Chou

Chief

Hsing-Chun Hsu

Chief

Chien-Ning Hung

Chief

An-He Xu

Associate Technical Specialist

Chun Hoi Tik Heidi

Employed Translator

Chao-I Chiang

Chief

Pei-Chung Chen

President

Pei-Chung Chen

President

Chin-Ching Lee

Secretary General

Ping-Hsuan Liu

Secretary

Hui-Ping Yan

Director of management

Hui-Gi Xie

Associate Technical Specialist

Hsiu-Hua Yang

OfficerCheng-Ta Tsai

Section Chief

Yu-Ching Chen

General Manager

Chinese Taipei

OIE PVS Evaluation – 2019

Kaohsing
AA

Chao-Ren Chen

General Manager

Clare P.Y.Feng

General Manager

Ko-Chi Liu

Associate

Wen-Hua Liu

Associate

Yen-Der Chou

Associate

Lih-Feng UengManager (Veterinarian)

Wen-Chu Chang

Manager (Veterinarian)Chin-Chuan TsaiManager

Yi-Chun Chen

Associate Specialist

Chiu-Mei Yu

Associate Specialist

His-Chia Chen

Technical Specialist

Kaohsiung

Charoen Pokphand Enterprise
Kaohsing Plant
Charoen Pokphand Enterprise
Kaohsing Plant
Charoen Pokphand Enterprise
Kaohsing Plant
Charoen Pokphand Enterprise
Kaohsing Plant
Charoen Pokphand Enterprise
Kaohsing Plant
Charoen Pokphand Enterprise
Kaohsing Plant
Charoen Pokphand Enterprise
Kaohsing Plant
Charoen Pokphand Enterprise
Kaohsing Plant
Kaohsiung City Government
Agriculture Bureau
Kaohsiung City Government
Agriculture Bureau
Farm Management Section,
Department of Animal Industry,
Council of Agriculture, Executive
Yuan
KH-BAPHIQ

Shuei-li Fu

Director General

Kaohsiung

KH-BAPHIQ

Shun-His Ning

Deputy Director

Kaohsiung

KH-BAPHIQ

Tzu-Ching Wang

Secretary

Kaohsiung

Animal Quarantine Section, KHBAPHIQ
Animal Quarantine Section, KHBAPHIQ
Kaohsiung Harbor Inspection
Station, KH-BAPHIQ

Kang-Ming Mo

Section Chief

Tsung-Hsiu Fang

Associate Technical Specialist

Pei-Yu Wu

Chief of Inspection Station

Kaohsing
Kaohsing
Kaohsing

AA

Kaohsing
Kaohsing
Kaohsing
Kaohsing
Kaohsing
Kaohsing

AA

AA

All
AA

Taipei

Kaohsiung
Kaohsiung212

Chinese Taipei

AA
AA
BWS

OIE PVS Evaluation – 2019

Kaohsiung

Kaohsiung Harbor Inspection
Station, KH-BAPHIQ
Meat Inspection Station, KHBAPHIQ
Kinmen Inspection Station, KHBAPHIQ
Kinmen County Animal and Plant
Disease Control Center
Southern Branch, CGA, OAC

Meng-Chih Shen

Technical Specialist

Tsung-Jen Li

Section Chief

Bing-Tsai Chen

Chief of Inspection Station

Tsui-Ling Wang

Section Chief

Chih-Yuan Wang

Officer of CGA

Coast Patrol Corps 5 of Southern
Branch, CGA, OAC
Coast Patrol Corps 5 of Southern
Branch, CGA, OAC
Xiaokang Branch of Kaohsiung
Customs
Southern Center for Regional
Administration, TFDA
Kaohsiung Harbor Police
Department (KHPD), National
Police Agency, Ministry of theInterior
Gaoming Container Terminal

Chen-Wei Yu

Squard Leader

Tzu-Pei Wang

Officer

Shih-Jay Chang

Section HeadYa-Hsiang Wang

Associate Technical Specialist

Chung- Yi Chen

Officer of KHPD

Ching-Shun Hsu

Manager

TaipeiAnimal Quarantine Division,
BAPHIQ

Chun-Yao Chiu

Specialist

Location &Jurisdiction

Institution – Agency – Group Association

Person(s) met and interviewed

Position

Pingtung

CHA I SHAN FOODS CO., LTD.

Kuo-Hsun Chen

President

Pingtung

CHA I SHAN FOODS CO., LTD.

Chi-Hung Hsu

Director

Pingtung

CHA I SHAN FOODS CO., LTD.

Wei-Ping Chang

Factory Sub-Chief

Pingtung

CHA I SHAN FOODS CO., LTD.

Ssu-Chi Lin

Assistant Manager

Kaohsiung
Kaohsiung
KinmenKaohsiung
Kaohsiung
KaohsiungTT
AA

Kaohsiung
Kaohsiung
Kaohsiung

Kaohsiung
All
Asses-sor(s)
All

TT

213

Chinese Taipei

All

OIE PVS Evaluation – 2019

Pingtung

CHA I SHAN FOODS CO., LTD.

George Chang

Vice General Manager

Pingtung

CHA I SHAN FOODS CO., LTD.

Kiratamekin Panuwat

Technician

Pingtung

Ming-Sui Kao

SuperintendentTsai-Fang Chen

Veterinarian Director

Ching-Chia Chang

Associate Technical Specialist

Shu-Ying Lee

Section chief

Shu-Chen Tang

Associate Technical Specialist

Yu-Lin Cho

Santitary
inspector

Tsung-Jen Lee

Section Chief

Sheng-Yu Ho

Technical Specialist

Chia-Chuan Tseng

Associate Technical Specialist

Chih-Hsien Lin

Deputy Director

Ying-Kai Chang

Section Chief

Jung-Pin Hsu

Division Director

Pingtung

Taiwn Frozen Meat Packers
Association
National Animal Industry
Faundation(NAIF)
Food And Drug Administration
South Center for Regional
Administration
Food Safety section, Public
Health Bureau, Pingtung County
Government
Food Safety section, Public
Health Bureau, Pingtung County
Government
Food Safety section, Public
Health Bureau, Pingtung County
Government
Meat Inspection Section, KHBAPHIQ
Meat Inspection Section, KHBAPHIQ
Meat Inspection Section, KHBAPHIQ
Meat Inspection Division,
BAPHIQ
Meat Inspection Division,
BAPHIQ
Animal Health Inspection
Division, BAPHIQDAWUSHAN EGG FARM

Chao-Cheng Wang

Assistant Manager

Pingtung

DAWUSHAN EGG FARM

Jenny Chen

Supervisor

Kaohsiung
Kaohsiung

Pingtung

Pingtung

Pingtung

Kaohsiung
Kaohsiung
Kaohsiung
All

TaipeiTaipei

BWS/TT
TT/AA
All

Taipei214

Chinese Taipei

All

TT/AA

TT

OIE PVS Evaluation – 2019

Pingtung

DAWUSHAN EGG FARM

Hunter Chuang

Manager

Pingtung

DAWUSHAN EGG FARM

Shang-Chiang Wei

General Manager

Pingtung

DAWUSHAN EGG FARM

Neng-Heng Wei

Manager

Pingtung

Pingtung County Government
Animal husbandry
Pingtung County Government
Agriculture Office
Pingtung County Animal Disease
Control Center (ADCC)
Pingtung County Animal Disease
Control Center (ADCC)
Pingtung County Animal Disease
Control Center (ADCC)
Animal Health Inspection
Division, BAPHIQ
Pingtung County Animal Disease
Control Center (ADCC)
Pingtung County Animal Disease
Control Center (ADCC)
Pingtung County Animal Disease
Control Center (ADCC)
Pingtung County Animal Disease
Control Center (ADCC)
Pingtung County Animal Disease
Control Center (ADCC)
Pingtung County Animal Disease
Control Center (ADCC)
Pingtung County Animal Disease
Control Center (ADCC)
Pingtung County Animal Disease
Control Center (ADCC)
Pingtung County Animal Disease
Control Center (ADCC)

Kai-Yuan Shih

Section Chief

Chen-Chia Chang

Associate Specialist

Yu-Shiang Peng

Section chief

Wen-Hui Lin

Section chief

Pei-Hung Tsai

Associate technical specialist

Ching-Tzong Chen

Specialist

Yung-Wen Lee

Director

Cheng-Mao Chen

Section chief

Hsiao-Chun Hui

Section chief

Wen-Hui Lin

Section chief

Yu- Hisiang Peng

Section chief

Y-Hong LI

Associate technical specialist

Chia-jung Liang

Associate technical specialist

Yu-Ju Chen

Associate technical specialist

Chi-Hsien Tsai

Associate technical specialist

Pingtung
PingtungAll

Pingtung
Pingtung
TaipeiPingtung

TT
AA
TT
TT/AA
TT
TT

Pingtung
Pingtung
Pingtung
Pingtung
Pingtung
Pingtung
Pingtung
Pingtung

215

Chinese Taipei

OIE PVS Evaluation – 2019

Pingtung
TT

TT/AA
TT/AA
All
AA/TT
All
TT

All

Cai-Ling Chen

Associate technical specialist

Pei-Hung Tasi

Associate technical specialist

Pingtung

Pingtung County Animal Disease
Control Center (ADCC)
Pingtung County Animal Disease
Control Center (ADCC)
Chaozhou Township Offices

Ying-Chong Lu

Township Veterinarian

Pingtung

Animal Farms in Pingtung

Ming-Lien Lee

Farm contract veterinarian

Pingtung

Animal Farms in Pingtung

You-Der Chen

Farm contract veterinarian

Pingtung

Technical Service Center, NAIF

Su-Lien Kuo

Chief of TSC

Pingtung

Technical Service Center, NAIF

Yueh-E ChenManager

Pingtung

Technical Service Center, NAIF

Tzu-Han Su

AnalystPingtung

Technical Service Center, NAIF

Wei-Hsin Wang

Assistant

TaipeiNational Animal Industry
Foundation
National Animal Industry
Foundation
National Animal Industry
Foundation
National Animal Industry
Foundation

Chuang-Chin Chiu

CEO,
NAIF
Senior specialist,
NAIF
Section Chief

Pingtung

TaipeiTaipeiTaipei

Jenny Huang
Ta-Jen Cho
Yu-Chen Yeh

216

Officer,NAIFChinese Taipei

Asses-sor(s)OIE PVS Evaluation – 2019

Location &Jurisdiction

Institution – Agency – Group Association

Person(s) met and interviewed

Position

Taipei

Bureau of Animal and Plant
Health Inspection andQuarantine, COA (BAPHIQ)

Wen-Jane Tu

Deputy Director General

Taipei

Bureau of Animal and Plant
Health Inspection andQuarantine, COA (BAPHIQ)

Watson Sung

Consultant

TaipeiAnimal Health Inspection
Division, BAPHIQ

Jung-Pin Hsu

Division Director

TaipeiAnimal Health Inspection
Division, BAPHIQ

Lucy Chow

Deputy Director

TaipeiAnimal Health Inspection
Division, BAPHIQ

Yvonne Y.F. Liu

Senior Specialist

TaipeiAnimal Health Inspection
Division, BAPHIQ

Chung-Hwei Yao

Senior Specialist

Taipei

Veterinary Administration
Section, Animal HealthInspection Division, BAPHIQ

Cheng-Ta Tsai

Section Chief

Taipei

Veterinary Administration
Section, Animal HealthInspection Division, BAPHIQ

Hui-Mei ShihSpecialist

Taipei

Veterinary Administration
Section, Animal HealthInspection Division, BAPHIQ

Ying-Chen Tsai

Associate Specialist

217

Chinese Taipei

OIE PVS Evaluation – 2019

TaipeiAnimal Health Inspection
Section, Animal HealthInspection Division, BAPHIQ

Nien-Nung Lin

Section Chief

TaipeiAnimal Health Inspection
Section, Animal HealthInspection Division, BAPHIQ

Ching-Tzong Chen

Specialist

TaipeiAnimal Health Inspection
Section, Animal HealthInspection Division, BAPHIQ

Yu-Bin Chou

Specialist

TaipeiAnimal Health Inspection
Section, Animal HealthInspection Division, BAPHIQ

Yi-An Chen

Project AssistantTaipei

Veterinary Drug Section, Animal
Health Inspection Division,
BAPHIQ

Ying-Ping Ma

Specialist

Taipei

Veterinary Drug Section, Animal
Health Inspection Division,
BAPHIQ

Cheng-Jou Chan

Specialist

Taipei

Veterinary Drug Section, Animal
Health Inspection Division,
BAPHIQ

Yi-Ming Huang

Associate Specialist

TaipeiAnimal Quarantine Division,
BAPHIQ

Ming-Hsing Peng

Division Director

TaipeiAnimal Quarantine Division,
BAPHIQ

Huang-Lin Kao

Deputy Director

218

Chinese Taipei

BWS

BWS

OIE PVS Evaluation – 2019

TaipeiAnimal Quarantine Technology
Section, Animal Quarantine
Division, BAPHIQ

Yueh-Ping Lin

Section Chief

TaipeiAnimal Quarantine Technology
Section, Animal Quarantine
Division, BAPHIQ

Yen-Ting Chan

Specialist

TaipeiMeat Inspection Division,
BAPHIQ

Rocky Lin

Director

TaipeiMeat Inspection Division,
BAPHIQ

Chih-Hsien Lin

Deputy Director

TaipeiMeat Inspection Technical
Section, Meat Inspection
Division, BAPHIQ

Ying-Kai Chang

Section Chief

TaipeiMeat Inspection Technical
Section, Meat Inspection
Division, BAPHIQ

Chuan-Wei Tung

Specialist

TaipeiConservation Division, Forestry
Bureau, COA

Chia-Jun Weng

Technical Specialist

TaipeiConservation Division, Forestry
Bureau, COA

Yu-Chang Yang

Associate Technical Specialist

New Taipei

Animal Health ResearchInstitute, COA (AHRI)

Chwei-Jang Chiou

Director general

New Taipei

Epidemiology Division, AHRI

Fan LeeResearch Scientist/ Division
Chief

New Taipei

Hog Cholera Division, AHRI

Ming-Chung Deng

Associate researcher anddivision acting chief219

Chinese Taipei

BWS

BWS

OIE PVS Evaluation – 2019

Miaoli

Division of Animal Medicine,
Department of Animal
Technology Laboratories, ATRI

Zeng-Weng Chen

Chief

MiaoliAnimal Technology
Laboratories, Division of AnimalIndustry, ATRI

Shih*Ping Chen

Principal Researcher

MiaoliAnimal Technology
Laboratories, Division of AnimalIndustry,ATRI

Ming-Chang Lee

Associate Researcher

TaipeiNational Animal Industry
Foundation (NAIF)

Chuang-Chin Chiu

CEO

TaipeiNational Animal Industry
Foundation (NAIF)

Hsu-Chang Wang

Deputy CEO

TaipeiNational Animal Industry
Foundation (NAIF)

Jenny Huang

Senior Specialist

TaipeiNational Animal Industry
Foundation

Ta-Jen Cho

Section Chief

TaipeiNational Animal Industry
Foundation

Yu-Chen Yeh

Officer

Pingtung

Technical Service Center, NAIF

Su-Lien Kuo

Chief of TSC

Pingtung

Technical Service Center, NAIF

Tzu-Han Su

Technical Analyst

TaipeiSchool of Veterinary
Medicine, NTU

Chian-Ren Jeng

Professor & Dean

TaipeiSchool of Veterinary Medicine,
NTU

Hui-Wen Chen

Associate Professor

220

Chinese Taipei

BWS

BWS

OIE PVS Evaluation – 2019

TaipeiSchool of Veterinary Medicine,
NTU

Hui-Wen Chang

Assistant Professor

TaipeiFood Safety Division, TFDA,
MOHW

Jen-Ting Wei

Deputy Director

TaipeiFood Safety Division, TFDA,
MOHW

Ying-Hsien Fu

Section Chief

TaipeiFood Safety Division, TFDA,
MOHW

Yun-Hsiang Yang

Associate Reviewer

TaipeiNorthern Center for Regional
Administration, TFDA, MOHW

Ya-Chun Yang

Section Chief

TaipeiAnimal Protection Section,
Department of Animal Industry,
COA

Peter C.H. Chen

Senior Technical Specialist

Taipei

Farm Management Section,
Department of Animal Industry,COA

I-Hsin Su

Specialist

Taipei

TCDC, MOHW

Jen-Hsiang Chung

Deputy Director General

Taipei

Division of Planning and
Coordination, TCDC, MOHW

Pei-Chun Chuang

Associate Researcher

TaipeiCenter for Diagnostics andVaccine Development, TCDC,
MOHW

Su-Lin Yang

Associate Researcher

Taipei

Division of Infection Control andBiosafety, TCDC, MOHW

Wei-Hui Chou

Technical specialist

221

Chinese Taipei

OIE PVS Evaluation – 2019

TaipeiEpidemic Intelligence Center,
TCDC, MOHWElle Shuwan Jian

Specialist

Taipei

Division of Acute infectious
Diseases, TCDC, MOHW

Hsiang-Tzu Li

Professional Nurse

TaipeiAnimal Industry Division, LRI,
COA

Ming-Yang Tsa

Assistant Researcher

Miaoli

Agricultural
Technology Sheng-Fu Hsu
Research Institute (ATRI)

Researcher

Miaoli

Agricultural
Technology Pao-Hsia Lin
Research Institute (ATRI)

Research AssistantMiaoli

Agricultural
Technology Tsung-Hsun Hsieh
Research Institute (ATRI)

Research Assistant222

Chinese Taipei

OIE PVS Evaluation – 2019

Appendix 5: Air travel itinerary
Assessor

Date

From

To

Flight no.

Departure

ArrivalAna AfonsoApril 13
April 14
April 26
April 27

Milan
Bangkok
TaipeiBangkok

Bangkok
TaipeiBangkok
Milan

TG 941
TG 634
TG 635
TG 940

14:05
07:10
20:05
00:40

05:55
11:50
22:50
07:35

B. Stemshorn

April 12April 12April 27
April 27
April 28/29

OttawaVancouverTaipeiVancouverCalgary

VancouverTaipeiVancouverCalgary
OttawaAC 357AC 017AC 018
AC 216
AC 352

07:00
11:00
15:55
15:15
19:15

09:11
14:15
11:50
17:38
00:58

T. Tiensin

April 12April 13
April 27
April 28

Rome
Bangkok
TaipeiBangkok

Bangkok
TaipeiBangkokRome

TG 945
TG 634
TG 635
TG 944

13:55
07:10
20:05
00:20

05:45
11:50
22:50
06:50

223

Chinese Taipei

OIE PVS Evaluation – 2019

224

Chinese Taipei

OIE PVS Evaluation – 2019

Appendix 6: List of documents used in the PVS
evaluation
E = Electronic version

H = Hard copy version

P= Digital picture

Author / Date / ISBN
/ Web

Related Critical
Competencies

BAPHIQ, 2019/03/18
246 pp
BAPHIQ, 2019/03/18
Index provided on PME1
pages 14-24
Files are mostly available
in Mandarin, and with
Google Translation for
those listed below
Animal Epidemic
Prevention TeamAll

Strengthening animal epidemic
prevention in 2016 - Project evaluation
reportAnimal Epidemic
Prevention Team

I-5

Strengthening animal epidemic
prevention in 2017 - Project evaluation
reportAnimal Epidemic
Prevention Team

I-5

Global Health Safety-Integrated
Prevention and Treatment of Infectious
Diseases Project 2017self-assessment report
BAPHIQ HQ Division Responsibilities

Animal Epidemic
Prevention Team

I-5
I-6.B

Ref

Title

PME1
a
PME1
b
Annex
es

Baseline Documents to be Provided in
Advance of a PVS Mission
177 Annexes to the Baseline
Documents PME1

PME1
b
Annex
38
PME1
b
Annex
39
PME1
b
Annex
40
PME1
b
Annex
41
PME2

Strengthening animal epidemic
prevention in 2015 - Project evaluation
reportPRE-MISSION DOCUMENTS

Web site 48

PME3
a-d

BAPHIQ regional web sites

BAPHIQ

PME4
a-c
PME5

FMD Zoning reports

BAPHIQ and OIE

Dead piglet found on New
Taipei beach amid fears ofAfrican Swine Fever
Taiwan 49 tightens border inspections
against African swine fever

Taiwan News 2019/03/02
https://www.taiwannews.com.tw/en/news/3649343
Taiwan Today
2019/01/18
https://taiwantoday.tw/ne
ws.php?unit=2,6,10,15,18&post=148991

PME6

All

I-5

I-5
II-3
II-6
III-1
IV-1 to IV-6
I-5
II-3
III-1
IV-1, IV-2
IV-4; IV-5
II-6
IV-6
II-4
II-5
II-6

II-3
III-1

48 https://www.baphiq.gov.tw/en/view.php?catid=11612
49 Although the official OIE terminology is Chinese Taipei, as these are the country’s own reference

documents, we have retained their actual name in referencing them. This applies to all of Appendix 6.

225

Chinese Taipei

PME 7
a-o o
PME8

E1

OIE PVS Evaluation – 2019

FMD Zoning reports

BAPHIQ/OIE

Summary on disease reporting andtransparency. Diseases of terrestrial
animals
MISSION DOCUMENTS
Overall Review of Veterinary Services(VS) in Taiwan

OIE World Animal Health
Information and Analysis
Department. 08/02/2019

IV-6
IV-7
I-4
IV-5

Dr. Wen-Jane Tu, Chief
Veterinary Officer &Deputy Director General,
BAPHIQ 2019/04/15
Nien-Nung Lin, Section
Chief of Animal HealthInspection Division,
BAPHIQ, 2019/04/15
Nien-Nung Lin, Section
Chief of Animal HealthInspection Division,
BAPHIQ 2019/04/15
Cheng-Ta Tsai
2019/04/15

All

I-1.A&B
I-2.A&B
I-3
III-5
III2, IV2
IV-1A&B
I4
III1
II-8
II-9
IV-1A&B
IV2
I2
II-2 to II-6, II11
III1
IV-1 to IV-6

E2

Overview of Animal Health Inspection in
TaiwanE3

Forestry Bureau Briefing

E4

Surveillance programs of Wildlife &Strategic Plan for Rabies Management
in Taiwan

E5

Veterinary Administration in Taiwan

Ying-Chen Tsai,
Associate Specialist,
Animal Health Inspection
Division, BAPHIQ
2019/04/15

E6

Introduction to Management and Recent
Activities on Veterinary Medicinal
Products

Dr. Yvonne Y. F. Liu
Animal Health Inspection
Division, BAPHIQ
2019/04/15

E7

Animal Quarantine System in Taiwan

Ming-Hsing Peng,
Director, Animal
Qurantine Division

E8

Animal Health Research Institute: The
National Veterinary Laboratory

AHRI 2019/04/15

E9

Diagnostic System

E10

Introduction of ATRI (Agricultural
Technology Research Institute)

School of Veterinary
Medicine, National
Taiwan University
Ming-Chang Lee, DVM,
ATRI, 2019/04/15

E11

Presentation for the Evaluation of
Performance of Veterinary Services

National Animal Industry
Foundation, 2019/04/15

E12

Veterinary Drug Residue Program for
Livestock Serum, Swine Hair, Poultry
Meat, Milk and Eggs on Farms

Yi-Ming Huang, BAPHIQ
2019/04/15

226

All

I-6.B
II-1.A
II-2
II-4, II-6,III1
II-1.A
II-2
II-4 to II-6

II-1 A,B&C
II-2
II-4 to II-6
II-8
II-1 A,B&C
II-4
I-2, I-3
II-1 A,B&C
II-2
II-4 to II-8
II-1a&b, III-6
I-1, I-2
II-1a&b, II-6, II-7,
III-6
I-3
II-10
IV-1A&B

Chinese Taipei

E13Management of meat inspection in
Taiwan

E14

Food Safety Management in Taiwan

E15

Feed Hygiene and Safety Management

E16

Zoonoses & AMR Control

E17

Current Notification Mechanism for
Zoonoses-Take AI as an Example

E18

Antimicrobial Resistance (AMR) andAntimicrobial Use (AMU) in Animals
Current Situation of Animal Welfare
Promotion and Governance Priorities

E19

E20

An institutional overview for the
Evaluation of Performance of Veterinary
Services

E21

Introduction of Biologic Division for the
Evaluation of Performance of Veterinary
Services
Biology Division, Animal HealthResearch Institute

E22

E23
E24

OIE PVS Evaluation – 2019

Chih-Hsien Lin, Deputy
Director, Meat Inspection
Division BAPHIQ
2019/04/15
Jen-Ting Wei, Deputy
Director, Food Safety
Division, Taiwan Foodand Drug Administration
2019/04/15
Hsi-Chia Chen,
Department of AnimalIndustry, Council ofAgriculture 2019/04/15
Centers for Disease
Control, Taiwan,
2019/04/15
Ching-Tzong Chen,
Animal Health Inspection
Division, BAPHIQ,
2019/04/15
Ying-Ping Ya, BAPHIQ,
2019/04/15
Animal Protection
Section, Department of
Animal Industry, COA,
2019/04/15
Animal Health ResearchInstitute, Council ofAgriculture (AHRI)
2019/04/15 41 pp(AHRI) 2019/04/16

Epidemiology Division, AHRI and Animal
Disease Diagnostic Center
Hog Cholera Division AHRIChien Tu, SeniorResearcher & Chief,
AHRI, 2019/04/16
AHRI, 2019/04/16
AHRI, 2019/04/16

E25

Responses to the questions and List ofevidence requested by the OIE expertsof PVS evaluation in Taiwan

AHRI, 2019/04/25

E26

Procedures for wearing personal
protection equipment
Laboratory Accreditation Certificates
AHRI Biologics Division: forISO 17025 plus numerous products andassaysAnimal Protection Act

AHRI, 2019/04/25

E27

E28

E29

Affidavit of Approval of Animal Use
Protocols:

2019/04/25

Amended 2018-12-26
Laws and Regulations
Database of the republicof China
AHRI, 2019

227

II-7B
II12A
IV-1A&B
II-3
II-7
II-13
IV-1A&B
II-11
IV-1A&B

II-6
II-7
II-9
II-4, II-5, II-6,
IV-1A&B
IV-5
II-9
II-13
IV-1A&B

I-3
I-7
II-1.A&B
II-4, II-5
II-6b
II-1.A&B
II-4 to II-6
II-1.A&B
II-3, II-4, II-5
IV-3
II-1.A&B, II-2
II-4 to II-6
II-1.A&B,
II-4, II-6
I-6A&B
I-7
II-1.A&B, II-4, II-5
II-6, II-8
II-1.C
II-5. II-6
II-1.C

II-13
IV-1A&B

II-13

Chinese Taipei

OIE PVS Evaluation – 2019a) Manufacture of lapinized Hog
Cholera vaccineb) Quality control of vaccine test
E30

Application for animal experiment - A
sample of application form
Pig important disease
Immune planning (a presentation for
producer education)
Agricultural Technology ResearchInstitute (ATRI), 2014-2017 Annual
Report

AHRI, 2019

II-13

AHRI, 2019

III-1
III-6

ATRI

E32b

ATRI: an Institutional Overview

E33 ahE34

Quality Certification Documents from
TAF (ISO), TFDA, IACUC and AAALAC
Slaughter hygiene inspection
veterinarian and assistant qualification
training course
Overview: School of Veterinary
Medicine, National Taiwan University(NTUVM)

Shih-Ping Chen, ATRI,
2019/04/17
ATRI, various dates

II-1.A,B & C
II-2 to II-9
II-12
II-13 (productlabelling)
III- 1 to III4, III-6
Idem

E31

E32a

E35

H35

E36

E37
E38

School of Veterinary Medicine, National
Taiwan University. Brochure on
curriculum and senior faculty
ISO 17025 Certificate for NTUVM
Zoonoses Research Centre P2-Plus
Core Laboratory
IACUC Crtificate for NYUVM
Animal Drugs Inspection Branch, AHRI
(introduction), including:

ATRI, 2019

NTUVM 2019/04/17

NTUVM
http://www.vm.ntu.edu.tw/
DVM_Eng/
TAF dated Sept 22, 2019and valid until May 6,
2021
Unable to translate
IADIB/AHRI 2019/04/17-Department of Biologics Assay andResearch
Department of Chemical Assay andResearch

H38
E39 ac

E40
a&b
E41
E42
a&b

Department of Experimental Animal
Research
Registration of Veterinary Biologicals –summary of regulatory requirements
ISO Certificates for ADIB from TAF for
ISO 17025 (medicines) and AFNOR(France) for ISO 9000 (SPF eggs andrabbits)
Copies of a) IACUC audit meeting
minutes and b) Approval of an animal
use protocol
Inspection flow using LIMS for aveterinary vaccine
Definition of a new vaccine and fee
structure for a new vaccine

II-1.C
II-13
I-2.B
II-7.B
I-2.A, I-3
II-1.A-C
II-2. II-3
II-4B, II-6
III-6
I-2.A
II – 2II - 6II-1.C

II-13
I-2.A
I-3
II-1.A,B&C
II-11
II-13
III-1
III-3
III_6
II-8
IV-2

ADIB 8 slides, 2019/04/17

II-8

TAF

II-1.CADIB (*not translated)
2109/04/18

II-13

ADIB 2019/04/18

II-8

ADIB 2019/04/18(fee structure nottranslated)

II-8

228

Chinese Taipei

E43ad

E44 ac

E45

E46
E47

E48

OIE PVS Evaluation – 2019

BAPHIQ Annual Reports 2014-2017 (ad)Summaries of Policy & Strategic Plans
translated for 2016 and 2017
Human Resource documents:

BAPHIQhttps://www.baphiq.gov.tw/view.php?catid=2962

I-5

BAPHIQ, 2019/04/18

I-1.A

Job Description Level 3

English translations

Job posting internal
Performance review form
Animal and plant epidemic disasterprevention and rescue businessplan:Emergency and DisasterContingency Planning for
Animal and Plant Disease
Epidemics
List of Performance Check Projects
Performance Check Project Report:
Techniques and warnings for monitoring
wild waterfowl and avian influenza virus
surveillance in high-risk areas
Current Situation of Swine Industry in
TaiwanExecutive Yuan
Agricultural Committee.
UndatedII-5

BAPHIQ Internal Audit
Unit 2019/04/18
BAPHIQ Internal Audit
Unit 2019/04/18

I-5

ROC Swine Association
2019/04/18

I-5

E49

Animal Industry Act

Council on Agriculture
2010/11/24

E50

Principles of Responsibility Distributionsfor Meat Inspection System

BAPHIQ

E51

Principles of BAPHIQ Supervision for
Meat Inspectors

E52

The “INSPECTED AND PASSED”
Symbol (Livestock)
NAIF Annual Report
NAIF Poultry Health Center ISO
Certifications (Chinan & Northern)
NAIF Technical Services Center TFDA
and TAF (ISO) Certfications
NAIF Funding Transparency Project(identifies sources of funds, NAIF
Directors and projects funded)
Taiwan Veterinary Medicine &Healthcare Industry Association:
Introduction

BAPHIQ 2019/04/18

II-6
III-2, III-6
II-7 A&B
II-7.B
III-4
IV-1 A&B
II-7.B
III-4
IV-1
I-!,A&B
I-2.A&B
II-7.B
III-4
II-7.BTAF current dates

II-1.CTAF current dates

II-1.C

2019/03/08

I-4
III-4

Kelvin Chen, Special
Assistant 2019/04/18

E58

Introduction, Service and Cooperative
Relationship between Government
Agencies of Poultry Association
Republic of China

E59

Consumer’s Foundation, Chinese Taipei

WANG JIAN PEI Serves
as Secretary-General of
Poultry Association
Republic of China
2019-04-18
Li-Fen Lei, Chairperson
Consumer’s Foundation
2019/04/18

II-8
III-2
III-5
III-6
II-6
II-7
II-8
III-2
III-6
III-2

E53
E54
a&b
E55
a&b
E56
a&b
E57

229

Chinese Taipei

OIE PVS Evaluation – 2019

E60

Veterinary Services In BAPHIQ Hsinchu
branchAlfred Chiou, Technicalspecialist, DVM, BAPHIQ
2019/04/19

E61

Oral replies from TFDA to questions
regarding airport inspections
Regulations of Inspection of Imported
Foods and Related Products
Inspection & Sampling Quantity ofFoods and Related Procedures
TFDA Protocols for inspection of:• Imported foods• Imported beef

TFDA 2019/04/19

MOHW 2018/10/19(not translated)

II-3

Kuang Chuan Dairy
Introductory presentation
The Establishment Standards ofConstruction and Equipment of a
Food Factory
Act Governing Food Safety andSanitation
TFDA HACCP Checklist

Kung Chung Dairy
2018/04/19
MOHW 2018/09/27

II-7.A
II-10
II-7.A

MOHW 2018/10/24

II-7.A
IV-1A&B
II-7.A

E62
E63
E64
a&b

E65a
E65b

E65c
E65d
E65e
E66

MOHW 2018/10/19
TFDA 2019/04/19

TFDA 2019/04/19(not translated)
TFDA 2019/04/19

The food traceability system – notesfrom TFDA
Factory Management Act

II-3
II-6
II-7A&B
III-1
II-3
IV-1
II-3
IV-1A&B
II-3

II-12.B

Ministry of Economic
Affairs
2018/10/18
Taoyuan Local Health
Authority(not translated)
2019/04/19
BAPHIQ 2019/04/19

II-7.A
IV1A&B

Tsung-Yen Wu, Reber
Genetics 2019/04/19
Reber Genetics
2019/04/19
APQC, BAPHIQ,
2019/04/19

II-8

Statistics of quarantined animals(species and numbers) in 2018
Fees charged by APQC
Taipei Zoo Veterinary Office Introductory
Presentation

APQC 2019/04/19

II-3

APQC 2019/04/19
Taipei Zoo 2019/04/20

II-3
I-1.B, I-6.B
II.4, II-6, II-13
III-, III-3, III-6
III-7

E75 aeZoo Welfare Check-lists for five
separate facilities

II-13
III-1

E76

Tzuoo-Ann animal hospital minimallyinvasive surgery center
New Taipei City, Taiwan
Projects with our Government:
Tzuoo-Ann animal hospital minimallyinvasive surgery center

New Taipei City LADIA.
2019/04/20(illustrated but nottranslated)
Dr. Hsien-chieh Chiuienchieh 2019/04/20

E67

Food processing plant_GHP (Goodhygiene practice for foods) checklist

E68

Surveillance of Dairy Farms for
Tuberculosis and Brucellosis
Reber Genetics Co., Ltd Taoyuan Plant.
Introductory Presentation
Export sales data for Reber Genetics
PRRS vaccine
Animal and Plant Quarantine Center(APQC): An Introduction to the Animal
Isolation and Quarantine

E69
E70
E71

E72
E73
E74

H76

Dr. Jeff Chang
2019/04/20j230II-7.A

II-4

II-8
II-3, II-4, II-5
II-13

II-9, II-13,
III-1,
III-7
II-7
II-13

Chinese Taipei

E77 afDocuments regarding supervision ofveterinary clinics

E78
a-d

National Chung-Hsing University
College of Veterinary Medicine:

OIE PVS Evaluation – 2019

New Taipei City LADIA.
2019/04/20(not translated)
NCHU CVM Dean
2019/04/22

Introductory Presentation:
Disease surveillance in rescued androad-killed wildlife Rabies Screening
Laboratory

III-5
II-13
I-2.A
I-3
II-1.A-C
II-3
II-4A&B
II-6

Government Funding
E79

E80

National Chung-Hsing University
Laboratory Animal Care and Use
Committee Establishment andManagement Measures
Animal Disease Control Center of
Changhua County
Introductory presentation

NCHU 2019/04/22

II-13

Chia-Lin Lai 2019/04/22

I-6.A
II-4 to II-6
II-10, II-13
III-4
IV-1.A&B
IV-3
II-6
II-12.A

E81 acForms used by LADIA fora. Animal health inspection
b. Livestock health statementc. Poultry health certificate

E82

Human Resource Investigation ofTownships in 13 Counties
AgriBiz Corporation presentation onwholesale import and distribution ofveterinary medicines and vaccines
Performance of Veterinary Services(PVS) on Wildlife Rescues andResearch Center
Nantou County Agricultural Products
Marketing Co., Ltd. – presentation

BAPHIQ April 2019

I-1.A

AgriBiz CEO 2019/04/22

II-6
II-8

Endemic Species
Research Institute (ESRI)
2019/04/22
2019/04/22

E86

Charoen Pokphand Poultry
Slaughterhouse

2019/04/22

E87

China Chemical & Pharmaceutical
Co.,Ltd. Animal Health Division
Introductory presentation
Shanhua Animal Shelter
Introductory presentation
Introduction of Taiwan Veterinary
Medical Association
Introductory presentation
Loving Kindness Animal Hospital
Introductory presentation
Kaohsiung City Gangshan Dist. Pork
Meat Market

CCPC 2019/04/23

I-6.B
II-4A&B, II-6
II-13
II-4A&B, II-6
II-7.A&B
II-12.A&B
II-13
III-6
II-4A-B, II-6
II-7.A&B
II-12.A&B
II-13
III-6
II-8
II-11
IV-1
II-4A&B, II-5,
II-6, II-13
I-2A
I-3
III-5
II-6
III-7
II-6
II-7.A&B

E83

E84

E85

E88
E89

E90
E91

Dr. Pin-Jung Chen
Chairman, TVMA
Pei-Chung Chen
2019/04/23
Director
2019/04/23

231

Chinese Taipei

OIE PVS Evaluation – 2019

Introductory presentation
E92

II-12.A&B
II-13
II-9
II-11

Feed production plant of Charoen
Pokphand Enterprise (CPE)Introductory presentation
Feed Hygiene and Safety
Monitoring Flowchart

CPE 2019/04/23

Department of AnimalIndustry 2019/04/23

II-10
II-11

E94

Kaohsiung Branch of BAPHIQ
Introductory presentation

BAPHIQ 2019/04/23

I-5, I-6.B
II-2, II-3
II-4&5
II-6, II-7A&B
IV-1 to IV-3
IV-5, IV-6

E95

Kao Ming Container Terminal
Introductory presentation

Kao Ming Container
Terminal Corp 2019/04/23

II-3

E96

Cha I Shan Foods Co., Ltd
Pingtung Factory, swine slaughterhouseand processing. Introductory
Presentation
Cha I Shan Foods Co., Ltd
Corporate Brochure

Cha I Shan Foods Co.,Ltd
2-19/04/24

E97

Dawushan Egg Farm

Dawushan Livestock
Products Co. Ltd
2019/04/24

E98

Introduction of the Pingtung County
Animal Disease Control Center (ADCC)

Pingtung ADCC
2019/04/24

E99

Introduction of Technical Service
Center, NAIF

Tzu-Han, Su
2019.04.24

E100

VM Residue Traceback report on goatmilk
National AMR action plan 2019-2023(draft)NAIF TSC 2019/04/24(Not translated)
BAPHIQ, 2019

II-6
II-7.A&B
II-12.A&B
II-13
II-6
II-7A&B
II-12A&B
II13
II-4A&B, II-6
II-7.A&B
II-11
II-12.A&B
II-13
IV-7
1-6.A&B
II-4 to II-8, II-10
IV-1A&B, IV-2
IV-5, IV-6
II-1.A,B,C
I-6.A&B
II-8
II-10
II-11
II-10

Table of Contents (English)
National AMR action plan 2019-2023(draft)IHR Joint External Evaluation of Taiwan

BAPHIQ, 2019

II-9

University of Pittsburgh
Medical Center, Centerfor Health Security
June 21 – July 1, 2016

I-6.B
II-7A
II-9

Regulations regarding public service
ethics:a. Ethics Units and Officers
b. Conflicts of Interestc. Property Declarationd. Integrity and Ethics Directions

Laws and Regulations
Database of the Republicof China

I-4

E93

H96

E101a

E101b

E102

E103
a-e

Cha I Shan Foods Co.,Ltd
undated

232

I-6B
II-9

Chinese Taipei

OIE PVS Evaluation – 2019e. Enforcement Rules
E104
E105

Q/A on Civil Service Ethics Offices
Reduction of Concomitant Infections in
Pigs by the use of PCV2 Antigen

E106

Training course for the qualification ofmeat inspection assistant.

E/H?/1
07
E108
E109
E110
a,b&c

BAPHIQ 2019/05/08
United States Patent (10)Patent No.: US 7,829,274
B2Fachinger et al. (45) Dateof Patent: Nov. 9, 2010
ATRI 2019/04/30

I-4

Management Rules of Meat
Inspector under Meat Inspection
Program

BAPHIQ 2019/04/xx

I-6.A
II-7.B

Human Resource requirement of Taiwan
VS
Use of project and program audit andevaluation reports for planning purposesa. Report on Food Safety Cloud (ITsystem)b. Report on use of programmeevaluation as a basis for modficiations tostrategic and operational plans (English
translation of excerpt from BAPHIQ
2019 Strategic Plan)c. Introduction of Taiwan’s Food
Traceability System

BAPHIQ 2019/05/13

I-1.A&B
IV-6

BAPHIQ 2019/05/13

I-5, I-6A&B, IV1B

a&b

a&b:
II-7.AQ/A re quality assurance in LADIA
Laboratories
Information of slaughterhouses in
Taiwan (total 174)
Oral replies from BAPHIQ to questions
regarding compartmentalisation andzoningUpdate on FMD and Avian Influenza

APHIQ 2019/05/13

BAPHIQ 2019/05/15

II-8

I-1.B
I-2.B
II-7B

b: I-5
I-6A
II-7B
c Tsung Hsi Wu, TFDA

c: II-12.b
E111
E112
E 113

E114
E115

Document requests_checklist with
DropBox links

E116
a&b

a. Responses to multiple
Information Requests
b. Supplement re chain ofcommandBAPHIQ information
systemBAPHIQ officers (during
the field mission)
Ming-Hsing Peng
BAPHIQ April 2018
BAPHIQ PVS Team
2019/05/03

BAPHIQ PVS Team
2019/05/20

E117

Response to Food Safety Information
requestBAPHIQ PVS Team
2019/05/23

E118

Responses to questions about audit andevaluation, compliance cases, chain ofcommand (field implementation)…

BAPHIQ PVS Team
2019/05/13

II-1.C
II-13
II-7.B
IV-6
IV-7
IV-6
IV-7
Multiple
II7A&B
II-10
II-13
III-2
III-4
Multiple
I-6A
III-5

I-6.A&B
I-7
II-7A&B
II-12B
1.5, IV-1.B
II-7B
II-9
II-10

233

Chinese Taipei

OIE PVS Evaluation – 2019

E119

Respones to questions from Ana…

BAPHIQ PVS Team
2019/05/20

E120

Food Borne Disease Surveillance(Chinese)
Food Borne Disease Surveillance; Tableof contents in English
Regulation for_Management of
Veterinary Prescription Drugs
a: Chineseb: English Google Translation
Guidelines for animal welfare-friendly
Production System_Laying hens.
Chinese
Guidelines for animal welfare-friendly
Production System Swine. Chinese
Guidelines for the Humane Slaughter ofLivestock and Poultry.
ChineseRegulation for Animal Transportation;
Animal Protection Act. Chinese
List of Regular Meetings held by
BAPHIQ (Animal Health Inspection
Division)

TCDC 20180201

II-12A&B
III-1
III-2
II-7A&B
II-10
II-11
II-12A
III-1 to 3
III-5
II-7.ATCDC 20180201

II-7.ABAPHIQ
1999/11/03

II-8

DAI 2015/12/31

II-13

DAI 2017/06/13

II-13

DAI 2008/09/25

II-13

DAI 2019/03/14

II-13

BAHIQ, 2019/0523

I-6.B
III-2
III-6

Food borne disease ppt excerpt(English)Food Safety Information systems: a.
Meat Inspection
b. TFDA
Complementary Information Regarding
CC Level. Comments and Suggestions
Draft Policy and Discussion on VPP

TFDA staff

II-7.ABAPHIQ

II-7.A, II-7.B

BAPHIQ 2019/11/08

I-1.B, I-2.B, I-3
I-7.A, III-5, IV-7
I-1.B, I-2.B
III-5

E121
E122

E123

E124
E125

E126
E127

E128
E129
a&b
E130
E131 /
VPP-6

E132
E133

E134
E135
E136
E137
PAA1
PAA2
&3

Introduction to PulseNetTaiwan
Food Safety Monitoring ProgramInternal Audit Operation Procedures
Replies to e-mail dated 23 November
2019
Replies to e-mail dated 03 December
2019
Table of Personnel in reference to VPP
categories in Chinese Taipei
Regulations for the Senior and Junior
PTNE of Veterinary Personnel
Locked drug cabinet at Taipei Zoo
Drug storage and records at private
veterinary clinic

Anon and undated (mostrecent reference 2016).
40 pp. Translation
provided by BAPHIQ
2020/01/07.
BAPHIQ December 2019

I-7.A

TFDA undated

I-7.A

BAPIQ 2020/01/07

I-1.B, I-2.B, III-5

BAPIQ 2020/01/07

I-1.B, I-2.B, III-5

BAPHIQ VPP-18
2019/11/07
BAPHIQ. Amended Oct.
18th 2006
Ana Afonso, April 2019
Ana Afonso, April 2019

I-1.B, I-2.B, III-5

234

I-1.B, I-2.B, III-5
II-8
II-8

Chinese Taipei

PAA4Transit Document from auction toslaughter point

PAA5

Custom’s seal for shipping containers

PAA6

Checklist for poultry slaughter
inspections
On line application for import permit

PAA7

OIE PVS Evaluation – 2019

Ana Afonso, April 2019.
Nantou pig auction
market.
Ana Afonso, April 2019#3533
Ana Afonso, April 2019
#3495
BAPHIQ web site
Ana Afonso, April 2019
#3277

235

II-7.B

II-3
II-7.bII-3

Chinese Taipei

OIE PVS Evaluation – 2019236

Chinese Taipei

OIE PVS Evaluation – 2019

Appendix 7: Organisation of the OIE PVS evaluationof the VS of Chinese Taipei
Assessors Team:oooTeam leader:Technical expert:
Observer/Trainee:

Dr. Barry Stemshorn
Dr. Ana AfonsoDr. Thanawat Tiensin

References and Guidelines:ooTerrestrial Animal Health Code (especially Chapters 3.1. and 3.2.)
OIE PVS Tool for the Evaluation of Performance of VS Human, financial and physical resources, Technical capability and authority,
 Interaction with stakeholders, Access to markets.

Dates: 15-26 April 2019
Language of the report: English
Subject of the evaluation: VS as defined in the Terrestrial Animal Health Codeoo

Not Inclusive of aquatic animals
Inclusive of other institutions / ministries responsible for activities of VS

Activities to be analysed: All activities related to animal and veterinary public health:
o

o
o
o
o
o
o

Field activities:
 Animal health (epidemiological surveillance, early detection, disease control, etc)
 quarantine (all country borders),
 veterinary public health (food safety, veterinary medicines and biological,
residues, etc)
 control and inspection,
 others
Data and communication
Diagnostic laboratories
Research
Initial and continuous training
Organisation and finance
Other to be determined…

Persons present and sites visited: see Appendix 3
Procedures:ooooConsultation of data and documents
Field trips subject to national circumstancesInterviews and meetings with VS staff and stakeholders,
Analyse of practical processes

Provision of assistance by the evaluated countryooooCompletion of missing data as possible
Translation of relevant document as possible
Administrative authorisation to visit designated sites to extent possible
Logistical support if possible

Reports:ooa fact sheet or PowerPoint will be presented at the closing session
a report will be sent to the OIE for peer-review no later than one month after the mission

237

Chinese Taipeioo

OIE PVS Evaluation – 2019the current levels of advancement with strengths, weaknesses and references for eachcritical competence will be described,
general recommendations may be made in agreement with the VS.

Confidentiality and publishing of results
The results of the evaluation are confidential between the country and the OIE and may only
be published with the written agreement of the evaluated country.

238