The Comprehensive Picture of Resource Management
Clarified by the Activity of Resource Management Unit
in Niigata Chuetsu-oki Earthquake
Reo KIMURA*1, Keiko TAMURA*2, Shingo YAMAMOTO*3 and Haruo HAYASHI*4*1

Assistant Professor, Graduate School of Environmental Studies (Disaster Management Office),
Nagoya University, Nagoya, Aichi, Japan*2
Associate Professor, Research Center for Natural Hazards and Disaster Recovery,
Niigata University, Niigata, Japan*3
Section Chief, Disaster Management Policy Office,Hyogo Prefecture Government, Hyogo, Japan*4Professor, Research Center for Disaster Reduction Systems,Disaster Prevention Research Institute, Kyoto University, Kyoto, Japan1. Introduction
In order to realize high quality disasterCommander
management many organizations involved
COMMAND
指揮調整
have to cooperate.
The Incident
指揮調整
COMMAND
Command System (ICS), all-hazard
incident management concept in the United On-site Staff
Command Staff
States, is the systematic tool for the
FINANCE/OPERATIONSPLANNING
LOGISTICS
財務管理
事案処理
情報作戦
command, control, and coordination of an
ADMINISTRATION
資源管理
事案処理
情報作戦
資源管理
庶務財務
FINANCEOPERATIONSPLANNING
LOGISTICS
emergency response. (Figure 1)
ICS
allows agencies to work together using
Human
Material
Financial
Informationcommon terminology and operating
Resource
Resource
Resource
情報ヒトモノカネ
procedures for controlling personnel,facilities, equipment, and communications
Figure 1 Five capital functionsat an incident scene.
of incident command system
In the ICS concept comprehensive
Resource Management is a key management principle that implies that all assets and personnel during an event
need to be tracked and accounted for. It can also include processes for reimbursement for resources, asappropriate; unfortunately in Japan this concept is not understood especially by the local government, who must
be the coordinator of resource management in the impacted area.
At 10.13am on July 16 2007 (JST), the Chuetsu-oki Earthquake struck in Niigata Prefecture, registering amagnitude (M) of 6.8. Yamamoto (the officer in Bureau of Disaster Prevention at that time), who recognized theneed for having the resource management function in Niigata Prefecture Disaster Management Headquarter, asked
the researcher team and the supporter team from other prefectures to come and establish the Resource
Management Unit as one function of Niigata Prefecture Disaster Management Headquarter.[1]2. Activity of Resource Management Unit
The Research & Support Team had operated from July 21st to August 31st. The procedure of the operation is
as follows 1) collect information about human and material resources which came from the outside of theorganization, 2) organize information based on the necessary items to receive resources from the outside of theorganization and send them into the section or organization, 3) design and construct the database of Resource
Management Unit and input the real data, 4) respond to the sections’ or organizations’ requests, which needed tohave dispatched personnel. As the result of the activity we collected 39,205 data including 11,444 about human213

１ Collecting datagovernment-academia
operation

Housing
Housing
Develop
Develop-ment-ment
Division
Division
Municipal
Municipal
Affairs
Affairs
Division
Division
ReliefReliefSupplies
Supplies
Unit
Unit

２ Numbering and Organizing the data
３ Constructing the database
４ Responding sections’ request

Food
Food
Unit
Unit

Materials of disaster management
headquarter meeting・・・

1

Supplementary budget

Figure 2

7,000

Disastermanagement
headquartermeeting

About 40,000 datafor one month

The activity of Resource Management Unit

Number of the support of material resources

100%

6,000

80%

5,000

70%
60%

4,000

50%
3,000

40%
30%

2,000

20%
1,0006,000

Fuel

Wwater tank truck

OthersTransport machine

Water vessel

Baby goods

Beverage

Bug killer

Goods in bed

Outlet goods

Goods in kitchen

Shelter materials

0%

Medical goods

Water

Operation materials

ClothesFigure 3

Electric goods

Building material

Ice pillars

Food product0

Goods in bathroom

10%

Pareto analysis (Material resources)

Number of the support of human resources

100%

5727

情報件数
累積比率(%)

cumulative rate of human resources
5,000

90%
80%
70%

4,00060%
2884

3,000

50%
40%

2,00030%

1456
1157

20%

1,00010%13568

116214

Pareto analysis (Human resources)

Disaster management

Emergency response

祉Assistance to industry

investigators of thedamage

victims’ direct
assistance

Personnel for restore
the lifeline

Figure 4

Volunteer Management0%

旧0

Medical staff or welfare
participants

References[1] Wang, L., Hayashi, H., Kimura, R.
and Tamura, K., “Suggestion ofEffective
Systemfor
Resource
Management － Based on Participant
Observation of Logistics Operations in
Niigata-Prefecture
atthe2007
Niigata-ken Chuetsu-Oki Earthquake ”,
Journal of Social Safety Science, No.10,
pp.543-552, 2008.

90%

情報件数
cumulative rate of material resources
累積比率(%)

Eating utensils

3. Introduce the Result Clarified by
the Activity of Resource Management
UnitTheactivityofResource
Management Unit clarified how muchhuman and material resources were in
the impacted area. It was the first timethat those kinds of analysis had been
done in the history of disastermanagement. The figure 3 and 4
showed the result of Pareto analysis on
Resource
Management
Unit,
astatistical technique in decision making
that is used for selection of a limited
number of tasks that produce significant
overall effect.
Material
Resources:
Sanitary
Materials accounted for 24.8% (6,650)
of all material resources used for thevictims’ assistance.
Ice pillars
accounted for 10.2% (2,723), which let
victims cool in the shelters. Human
Resources: Medical staff or welfare
participants accounted for50.0% (5,727)
of all human resources supported
victims or administrative staff in theimpacted area.
The personnel for
restore the lifeline accounted for 25.2%(2,884). The victims’ direct assistancedid 12.7% (1,456) and investigators ofthe damage did 10.1% (1,157).

HealthHealthandandWelfare
WelfareDivision
Division

Sanitary materials

resources, 26,817 about material
resources and 944 about others. (Figure2)