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Cutaneous Blood Flow Increased by CO, Water Foot
Bathing Visualized with Laser Doppler Imaging
Shoichi OKOUCHI+, Daisuke TAKEZAKI+, Hideyuki OHNAMI+, Yuhki SHYUTOH+
Shigeo IKEDA+, Yukio KENJO,, and Yuhkoh AGISHIFaculty of Engineering, Hosei University,
Integral Co., LTD
Research Institute for Health Resort Medicine+Abstract
Artiﬁcial CO, spring water (CO, concentration of +,*** ppm) and tap water wereprepared in the temperature range of -.; to .,; for foot bathing. Laser doppler imaging
of cutaneous blood ﬂow in the foot immersed for foot bathing made it possible tovisualize the two-dimensional spatial variation of the perfusion while being not only
noninvasive but also non-touch. Therefore, it reduced the risk of inﬂuence on skinperfusion mechanically, being di#erent from the method used so far. This method
revealed that the cutaneous blood ﬂows by CO, water foot bathing were increased fromnearly two to four times in comparison with those by tap water foot bathing.
In Japan, natural CO, spring waters are rare. However, we proposed that development of a co-generation system with hydrogen cell evolved exothermic heat, and hydrogen and carbon dioxide gases makes it possible to prepare and perform easily artiﬁcial
CO, bathing therapy, with a reductive characteristic analogous to natural spring water,
at home and elsewhere.
Key words : CO, thermal spring water, Laser doppler imaging, Cutaneous blood ﬂow,
Visualization, Fuel cell.
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.(/0< .,OFig. . Cutaneous blood ﬂows of foot by CO, bathing(CO, concentration of +,*** ppm) and tap waterbathing for a ,- years old female.

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(+330) : Spotaneous laser doppler ﬂux distribution in ischemic ulcers and the e#ect ofprostaoids ; A crossover study comparing the acute action of prostaglandin E+ andlloprost vs saline, /+, ,3῍-2.

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Fullerton, A., Serup, J. (+33/) : Laser doppler image scanning for assessment of skin irritation.,
Elsner, P., Maibach HI (eds), Irritant Dermatitis. New Clinical and Experimental Aspects.
Current Problems in Dermatology, ,-, +/3῍+02, S. Karger, Basel, Switzerland.

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Wardell, K., Jakobsson, A. and Nilsson G. E. (+33-) : Laser doppler perfusion imaging bydynamic light scattering, IEEE Trans. Biomed. Eng., .*, -*3῍-+0.

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into red by natural CO, bathing (temperature : -.ῌ andCO, concentration : +,-** ppm)

Fig. , Laser doppler imaging of cutaneous blood ﬂow offoot measured in air.

Fig. - Laser doppler imaging of cutaneous blood ﬂow of foot after CO, bathing (CO, concentrationof +,*** ppm) and tap water bathing of ten minutes for a ,- year old female.

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Fig. / Laser doppler imaging of cutaneous blood ﬂow of foot by CO, bathing(CO, concentration of +,*** ppm) and tap water bathing at -.ῌ for a ,year old female.

Fig. 2 Diagrammatic representation of relationships between ORP and pH innatural and artiﬁcial CO, spring water, in human skin, and in tap water.

19