DIGITAL TRANSFORMATION DEPARTMENT
Taxonomy 2018

Taxonomy 2018
Version 0.7 –16/01/2018

Project/Service
StatusDRAFT

Approved by owner

MJ

Magnus Jaensson

EUIPN OC

Authors

MF

Mike Foley

EUIPN OC

MJ

Magnus Jaensson

EUIPN OCJM

Mona Jarmer

EUIPN OCAB

Andra But

EUIPN OC

TC

Thom Clark

EUIPO

AS

Alison Zuger

WIPO

WN

Willie Neys

BOIP

BM

Benoit Motteau

INPI (F)Contributors

DIGITAL TRANSFORMATION DEPARTMENT
Taxonomy 2018

Revision History

Version

Date

Author0.1

07/08/2017

MF

First draft

0.2

30/08/2017

MF

First revision of first draft

0.3

01/09/2017

AB

Update of first draft

0.4

12/09/2017

MJ

Final revision of first draft

0.5

10/01/2018

MHJ

Update0.6

11/01/2018

MF

Revision

0.7

16/01/2018

MHJ

Finalisation

Taxonomy 2018

Description

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TABLE OF CONTENTS
1.

INTRODUCTION — PURPOSE OF DOCUMENT ........................................................................ 4

2.

TAXONOMY .................................................................................................................................. 5
2.1
2.1.1

Nature of the Group Title ................................................................................................... 5

2.1.2

Deletion of Groups ............................................................................................................ 6

2.1.3

Taxonomy relation to sources ........................................................................................... 6

2.1.4

Proposing changes ........................................................................................................... 7

2.1.5

Conclusion ......................................................................................................................... 7

2.1

The purpose of the Taxonomy .............................................................................................. 7

2.2

The history of the Taxonomy................................................................................................. 8

2.3

Taxonomy yearly update workflow process .......................................................................... 8

2.3.1
2.4

4.

Update cycle...................................................................................................................... 8
Principles of the Taxonomy ................................................................................................. 12

2.4.1

General Taxonomy principles ......................................................................................... 122.4.2Grouping principles ......................................................................................................... 12

2.4.3

Structuring principles ....................................................................................................... 13

2.4.4Group linkage .................................................................................................................. 13

2.5
3.

Regarding Taxonomy changes ............................................................................................. 5Group Titles — purpose and function ................................................................................. 13

TAXONOMY 2018 ....................................................................................................................... 15
3.1

Proposed changes implemented ........................................................................................ 15

3.2

Proposed changes not implemented .................................................................................. 17

ANNEX – VISUALISATION OF CHANGES ............................................................................... 49

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1. Introduction — Purpose of Document
This document presents the changes to Taxonomy, both Group Titles and structure, for the 2018
version.
The document is also highlighting issues with Taxonomy, the Taxonomy process and any
developments regarding governance. The section is in this document, Taxonomy 2018, dedicated toclarify certain basic principles in reference to the changes and evolution of Taxonomy.
The changes to the Taxonomy set out in this document are primarily required because of theintroduction of the 11.18 version of the Nice Classification, which entered into force on 1 January
2018.
Proposals for revision of Taxonomy have been provided by participating trade mark offices. A
number of cases were made on the basis of making a Group Title fit within the scope of the class, orto put it another way, making the Group Title ‘class specific’. This is a significantly different approachto the principles upon which Taxonomy was created, and has worked in the past. If these changes
were to be implemented, it would require a significant reworking of the fundamentals of Taxonomy,
rewording and consequently translation of the Group Titles, and changes to the principles of
Taxonomy. For this reason, proposals made based on making Group Titles ‘class specific’ have notbeen implemented in the 2018 iteration.
This document will present:• Changes resulting from the 11.18 version of the Nice Classification;• Changes resulting from proposals received from participating trade mark offices;• The reasoning to support the changes;• The final changes to the structure for 2018;• Timelines for implementation and process.

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2. Taxonomy
2.1 Regarding Taxonomy changes
For the Taxonomy to stay relevant and useful it must constantly evolve with the market reality. For
this the yearly update process has been put into place. However, the changes on Taxonomy must
be done to improve Taxonomy, to make it current, simpler to use and to assure the original functions
and benefits – to organise, navigate and maintain of the content of the data source. As the functionof Taxonomy is not primarily in classification the changes must not be made based on classification
issues.

2.1.1 Nature of the Group Title
Group Titles are not terms of goods and services. The purpose of the Group Titles is to describe thecontent of the group, and sub-groups and thereby enable Taxonomy to function and easily be used.
The purpose is not to describe the goods or services of a trade mark application/registration.
This means that the wording of the Group Titles must not be assessed from the perspective ofclassification, vagueness or if the content could exist in other classes. The principles of assessing
Taxonomy Group Titles are:
A. Does the Group Title cover the natural meaning of all terms within the group, including subgroups (current content)?
It is a necessity that terms are covered by the natural meaning of the Group Title, otherwise
it will not be possible to find them and the structure will no longer be consistent.
B. Does the Group Title cover the natural meaning of terms that belongs to the same market
sector (potential content)?
The HDB, and other terminology sources of Goods and Services constantly develops andadd new terms. Restrictive Group Titles results in terms not being able to be Taxonomisedin the group that is natural from the market perspective.
For instance, by specifying the content to dedicated materials (where the class is not
exclusive) or with targeted groups – such as industry or household – market evolutions
where new composite materials evolve or the distinction between household use andindustrial use becomes blurred, would require further changes to Taxonomy. This would
cause inconsistencies, confusion and constant changes and unnecessary updates to theTaxonomy.
3.

Is the Group Title concise and suitable for implementation?
Primarily in TMclass and efiling, but also the TMC, Similarity, Back-office assessment andcomparison functions, and potentially other tools. These implementations require that theGroup Titles be short enough and general enough that one comprehends the meaning at a
glance without having to read in detail.
Furthermore, the length and complexity of a Group Title highly determines the design andusability of the implementations. Long and complex Group Titles minimises the benefits andgains of the implementations.

4.

Is the Group Title specific enough in the context of the Taxonomy?
The Group Titles are always, from the Taxonomy perspective, presented in context of thehierarchy. By taking the parent into consideration the Group Title can be more efficient andmore easily comprehended. Repetition of qualifications throughout a Taxonomy hierarchy is

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inefficient, unnecessarily complex and user unfriendly as the Group Titles becomes
unnecessarily long and over-comprehensive.
Thus, a Group Title assessed in isolation could contain goods and services in other groups
or other classes, but from the context of the hierarchy the specificity should be adequate.
It is naturally beneficial if the Group Title is specific enough to function as a description in a list of
goods and services. However, this benefit must not govern the development and evolution of
Taxonomy.

2.1.2 Deletion of Groups
The Groups of the Taxonomy represent a specific and distinguishable market sector, and werecreated for the purpose of categorising the terms within each Nice class into more manageable
units. The Group Titles were created as a description of the content of each group.
So, each group represents a market sector and as long as the market sector can be distinguishedthe group should remain to cluster the relevant terms – this is the purpose and function of
Taxonomy. If a market sector disappears or merges with another the existence of the group should
be reviewed and the hierarchy adapted to the changing market.
However, groups must not be deleted based on the Group Title – if the Group Title is not appropriate
it can be amended.

2.1.3 Taxonomy relation to sources
Taxonomy was created and developed with only one consideration – that it would be applicable toany terminology source based on the Nice Classification. With purposed functions of organisation,navigation and maintenance Taxonomy could be applied to any classification databased withimmediate benefits for users and offices alike. Even though Taxonomy was based in HDB it is not
exclusive to HDB and must be distinguished from HDB in its evolution and updates.
The HDB and other classification resources, have rules and practices that determine and govern thecontent of the database. As the databases – the content – and Taxonomy has completely different
purposes the rules and practices of the database must not be mixed and forced on Taxonomy. For
example, issues that are concerned with the content that should not be assessed in the context of
Taxonomy are:•Multiple goods or services
Due to the nature and purpose of the Group Titles it is sometimes necessary that thesecontain more than a single good or service. As the Group Title must cover everything
within the group the linguistic limitations sometimes require multiple goods/services to be
included in the title to get the complete and accurate coverage – there is no single
expression that can fully describe the market sector.

•

Acceptability in a list of goods and services
With the Group Titles primarily concerned with the functionality and usability of
Taxonomy it is natural that the acceptability of the Group Titles as a term of goods andservice must be separated.
The interest of using Taxonomy in organising, structuring and simplifying the source ofgoods and services terminology is spreading and more Office and collaborative initiatives
are evaluating Taxonomy. Whether or not a Group Title can be used in a list of goods

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and services must only be determined in the context of the respective database or
jurisdiction. Within the context of the Harmonised Offices is to be determined by thevoting process of the HDB if a Group Title should be designated as acceptable or not.
As the Taxonomy is spread and applied to more databases of goods and services terminology, thebenefits of Taxonomy will also increase, in particular, in comparing terminology within the same
market sector between different regions and jurisdictions. Increased use also simplifies themaintenance of a trade mark portfolio for users and simplifies the comparison of marks coming
through the Madid system. It is therefore a gain to have as many offices implement Taxonomy as
possible, and for this to succeed Taxonomy must continue to be applicable on any source based on
Nice Classification.

2.1.4 Proposing changes
Proposals for changing Taxonomy must be clear and precise. Identifying a problem cannot be
regarded as a proposal for change; there must also be a solution. To ensure that the proposedchange is properly understood by the analysis team it should contain the current situation and thefuture situation. The following information should be contained in a proposal – current and proposed:• Group Title of the group• Super-group and sub-groups of the affected group• Scope of terminology content in the affected group
A proposed change to Taxonomy should also always include a justification. The justification should
state the improvements resulting from the change – how the Taxonomy becomes better, moreaccurate, etc., and the benefits of the update.

2.1.5 Conclusion
The purpose of Taxonomy differs from the purpose of a database of terms and therefore the criteria
and assessment of Taxonomy must be made within the context of the purpose of Taxonomy. It isnecessary that the Group Title covers everything currently in the group as well as possible additions
that in the near future. Furthermore, the titles must be short and concise or the benefits are lost. With
the potential benefits of application of Taxonomy to goods and services terminology sources on aninternational level it must not be based and adapted for one source only.
That Taxonomy is not perfect is obvious, changes will be needed when inaccuracies are identified,or a market changes or shifts. However, changes to Taxonomy must be based on the context of
Taxonomy and within the context it was contrived and built. If non-taxonomy aspects start to dictate
the Taxonomy evolution the benefits and justification will erode and disappear.
2.1 The purpose of the Taxonomy
The primary purpose of Taxonomy is to navigate the content of terminology databases based on the
Nice Classification. Taxonomy was created for users to find the most suitable terms. For thispurpose, the functions of the Taxonomy are:
1. To guide the user through the correct path through a large set of terms that, in many cases,
are irrelevant to the application of the user;
2. To provide a logical and structural mapping of each class;
3. To provide an overview of the complete content of the class.

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2.2 The history of the Taxonomy
As the number of terms in the Harmonised Database (HDB) increased, it became clear that a
database system more elaborate than the flat 45 classes of the Nice Classification would be required
to ensure effective navigation of the terminology and management of revisions.
Various systems for the organisation of databases, such as the patent classification, EU
procurement classification and the International Customs Classification were investigated. However,none could accommodate the breadth of terminology or size of the HDB, whilst also meeting one ofthe primary requirements of any new system — that it respects the Nice Classification and be
sufficiently adaptable to include the yearly changes and updates agreed by the Nice Union.
The result was the development of the taxonomised market-based group hierarchy that now
structures the HDB.
Taxonomy evolved out of cooperation between the EUIPO, the Swedish Office, the UK Office and
the German Office. The expertise and advice of WIPO proved invaluable in both the creation and thevalidation of Taxonomy. The result is that every class structure and placement of the goods andservices from the Alphabetical List in the Taxonomy structure has been agreed with the WIPO
International Bureau classification experts. Subsequently, every national and regional trade markoffice in the European Union became involved, each giving their opinions and validation of theimplementation. User Associations were also involved and able to comment and propose
improvements.
This cooperation continues with each update of the Taxonomy as it reflects new versions andeditions of the Nice Classification.

2.3 Taxonomy yearly update workflow process

2.3.1 Update cycle
The revision of Taxonomy structure and Group Titles is managed by the European Union Intellectual
Property Network Operation Centre (EUIPN OC). Revision is undertaken over a yearly cycle, endingon 1 January each year, with the implementation of a new version of the Taxonomy, coinciding with
the implementation of the next version or edition of the Nice Classification.
Outside of this cycle, the EUIPN OC reviews the Taxonomy structure and Group Titles as part of acontinuous quality improvement process.

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Proposal period
The Update Cycle starts on 1 January each year, when a 6-month period opens for proposals forrevision to the Taxonomy structure and Group Titles to be made. This period ends on 1 July.
Proposals received after 1 July will be saved for the next revision cycle, unless in exceptional
circumstances they are required in order to correct an error, or to avoid or resolve an issue.
A. Proposals
The identification of changes to the Taxonomy structure or any Group Titles required (or consideredappropriate) as a result of a new version or edition of the Nice Classification will be the responsibilityof the EUIPN OC.
Other proposals for changes to the Taxonomy structure or Group Titles should be sent by email to
the EUIPN OC at HDB@euipo.europa.eu. Proposals may be made by any interested party.
In all cases, any proposal for changes to the Taxonomy structure or any of the Group Titles must be
supported by an explanation of why the change is required and/or what it is intended to achieve.
Where a proposal is to create a group below another, the resulting group is referred to as a
‘Subgroup’, for the purposes of this document.

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Proposal for the addition of a new GroupAll proposals should be justified, clearly stating the benefits of the change and why it
would be an improvement to the current structure.
Proposals to create a new Group must state:o the Nice class,o the proposed new Group Title.
Where the proposal is to create a Group below another (for convenience referred to as a
‘Subgroup’), the proposal must state:o the Nice class,o the proposed new Subgroup Title,o where the Subgroup is to be included in Taxonomy (the ‘parent’).
The division, amalgamation or repositioning of Groups or Subgroups in the Taxonomy
structure should be regarded in the same way as the creation of a new Group or
Subgroup.

•

Proposal to change a Group or Subgroup Title
Proposals to change a Group Title or Subgroup Title must state:o the Nice class of the affected Group or Subgroup Title,o the existing Group or Subgroup Title to which the proposal relates,o the new Group or Subgroup Title to which the proposal relates,o any Subgroups to be linked.

•

Proposal for deletion of a Group or Subgroup
Proposals for deletion of a Group or Subgroup must state:o the Nice class of the affected Group or Subgroup,o the existing Group or Subgroup Title(s) to which the proposal relates,o the proposed taxonomisation of any Subgroups and/or terminology connected to theGroup or Subgroup proposed for deletion.

B. Review of proposals
After the proposal period closes on 1 July, the proposals will be collated and analysed by the EUIPN
OC. The analysis will identify related proposals, to avoid any conflicting or contradictory outcomes.
Proposals will be reviewed by the EUIPN OC during June, which is known as the ‘review period’ in
the Update Cycle.
•

Proposal not implemented
A proposal cannot be implemented where the EUIPN OC finds it to be incomplete (in thatit lacks the required information set out above), is unclear in what is being proposed, or if
the proposal is clearly against the agreed principles of the Taxonomy.

•

Incomplete proposal
If a proposal does not include all the information required, the EUIPN OC will send an
email to the proposer, indicating what information must be provided for the proposal to beconsidered and taken forward.
o The proposer will have until a deadline set out in the email to provide the required
information.
o Failure to provide a response (or the provision of an incomplete response) will resultin the proposal being set aside until the next Taxonomy Update Cycle.

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Unclear proposal
Where the EUIPN OC is unclear as to what is being proposed they will send an email tothe proposing party setting out what the problem is.
o The proposer will have until a deadline set out in the email to provide the required
information.
o Failure to provide a response (or the provision of an incomplete response will resultin the proposal being set aside until the next Taxonomy Update Cycle).

•

Proposal contrary to the ‘principles’ of the Taxonomy
If a proposal is considered by the EUIPN OC to be contrary to the agreed principles of
the Taxonomy, an email will be sent to the proposing party setting out what the problem
is.
o The proposer will have until a deadline set out in the email to provide the required
information.
o Failure to provide a response or providing a response that the EUIPN OC does notconsider to justify the proposal going forward will result in the proposal being
rejected.

C. Proposals document
The EUIPN OC will compile a document setting out all proposals. This will be prepared and sent to
WIPO, the National Offices and participating User Associations (the stakeholders) for theirconsideration.
The document will set out each proposal, providing the following details:• origin of the proposal,• the Class number related to the proposal,• the nature of the proposal (new Group/Subgroup, change to Group or Subgroup Title,deletion of Group or Subgroup Title),• new Group Title (where the proposal is to create this),• new Subgroup Title (where the proposal is to create this),• original Group/Subgroup Title (where the proposal is for revision),• revised Group/Subgroup Title (where proposal is for revision),• position in the Taxonomy (including ‘parent and/or Subgroups),• supporting comments from the proposer,• any comments from the EUIPN OC.
D. Translations
In parallel with sending the proposal document to the stakeholders, the EUIPN OC will coordinate
the translation of the proposals.
E. Review by stakeholders
The stakeholders will review the proposals and may provide feedback on any proposal. Comments
must be sent by email to HDB@euipo.europa.eu by the deadline set in the communication.
Comments received after the deadline cannot be included in the workflow process.
F. Final proposals document
Following the closure of the stakeholders’ review period, the proposals and related comments will becollated and analysed by the EUIPN OC. The analysis will identify related proposals, in order toavoid any conflicting or contradictory outcomes.
A draft document of changes will be sent to stakeholders. This document will set out the changes
implemented and those not implemented, in each case with the reasons for the outcome. A deadline
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will be set for the option to reject any proposal in the draft document. If more than 50 % of theparticipating Offices reject a proposal in the draft document, it will not be implemented and the
document will be changed to reflect the outcome of the final approval.
The change document will become finalised on 1 January and published in TMclass news section
shortly thereafter.
2.4 Principles of the Taxonomy
During development and subsequent updates, a number of principles of Taxonomy were developedby the team maintaining Taxonomy. These principles aim to establish the function of Taxonomy andhow it evolves, and is based on the original foundation upon which Taxonomy was created.
A fundamental principle of Taxonomy is that it is consistent with the Nice Classification system. With
the introduction of each new version and edition of the Nice Classification, Taxonomy will beanalysed to see if any changes are necessary to ensure consistency and correctness in relation to
the Nice Classification.
2.4.1 General Taxonomy principles
1. The Taxonomy will adhere to the current Nice Classification system, including theGeneral Remarks and the decisions of the Committee of Experts.
2. The primary principle of Taxonomy is user-friendliness and usability.
3. Each class will have a hierarchy, populated by database terms (i.e. terms that are in theHDB).
4. The top level of each hierarchy will be the class number; this level will not contain any
terms.
5. Each class will contain at least one further level of groups.
6. Each group will have a title which should, if possible, be a term that is acceptable within
the HDB.
7. The number of levels is defined by the complexity of the class (having regard toprinciple 2 above).
8. The taxonomy must be flexible, and can change. Additions and changes can be made at
any level.
9. A Group Title must be a database term if the parent has a database term as its title (i.e.
there cannot be an unacceptable term as a title below an accepted title).
10. A Group Title cannot have multiple parents.

2.4.2 Grouping principles
1. A Taxonomy group is a collection of terms from the HDB sharing similar characteristics.
2. Groups must (as far as possible) divide goods and services into distinguishable groups
as they are divided in the market.
3. In determining ‘market divisions’, regard will be given to the principles from the ‘Canon’case determined by the Court of Justice of the European Union (29/09/1998, C-39/97,
Canon, EU:C:1998:442) in addition to the following criteria:− characteristics;− purpose;− simplicity/complexity;− target consumers;− sales channels.
4. Groups and their titles must be exhaustive as well as precise; there shall be no groups
specified as ‘others’.
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5. The Taxonomy structure and Group Titles will be based on the content of the HDB.
6. The Taxonomy structure in each Nice class will have regard to its usability.
7. In a hierarchical structure, a Group Title must linguistically cover all groups and terms
below it.
8. Terms belonging to a market sector that is too small to warrant an individual group shallbe included in the parent group.

2.4.3 Structuring principles
The real benefit will be gained from the Taxonomy by the ordering of Groups into a hierarchicalstructure. The development of the groups and the structuring of the hierarchy must go hand-in-hand,to ensure a Taxonomy that is fit for purpose and user-friendly.

2.4.4 Group linkage
This relates to the relationships between Groups.
1. All links must be vertical (i.e. non-vertical connections are not links).
2. In the case of an item with multiple links, no link is more important than another; they all
have equal weight.
3. Every item must have at least one link going up. Terms may only have links up. Groups
may have links both up and down.
4. If a term belongs to several groups, those groups must be on different branches of thehierarchy of that class.
These principles have not yet been approved or officially endorsed by any participating office. With
the expansion of Taxonomy to non-EU offices, they must be reviewed and reworked to adapt to the
expanded use.
2.5 Group Titles — purpose and function
The purpose of Taxonomy Group Titles is to give a full and complete description of the content of thegroup, including lower level groups and their content. At the same time, to ensure the usability of
Taxonomy it is vital that the Group Titles are as concise as possible. Long Group Titles prevent
quick and easy understanding of the content of the group and thus negate the purpose of
Taxonomy.
A quick glance should make it apparent for the user where to start and what terms are included inthat group. As the navigation proceeds, vertically and horizontally, the Group Titles must, where
possible, give a logical and structural mapping to ensure simple navigation.
Another aspect of Group Titles is that they must be predictive, meaning that they can accommodate
terminology not yet in the databases or even in the market. Constrictive Group Titles would preventnew terms from being taxonomised, because there would be no group in which to include them, andthis would require constant changes to the Taxonomy, which would be detrimental to theconsistency of Taxonomy usage.
The Group Titles also have secondary benefits, such as:
1. Potentially providing the same scope of protection as all terms included in the group;
2. Placing terms in a broader context and categorisation, giving a better understanding andpotential predictions of interpretation and decisions;
3. Providing indications about similarity of goods and services because of the group towhich they belong, as well as analogous comparisons in databases and decisions.

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Nevertheless, these benefits, even though clearly beneficial for all stakeholders, must be secondary
to the primary objective. As the definition of precision of terms of goods and services, determinationof the scope of protection and comparisons of goods and services differs between Offices, allowing
these benefits to dictate the creation and formulation of Group Titles would endanger the usability
and simplicity that has been the root of its success.
Consequently, acceptability of a Group Title in lists of goods and services (for any legal jurisdiction)must and will be secondary, especially with the potential adoption of the Taxonomy by non-EU trade
mark offices, to usability and quickness of understanding.

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3. Taxonomy 2018
As previously stated, a fundamental principle of Taxonomy is that it adheres to the NiceClassification system. An analysis of the changes to the Nice Classification resulting from theintroduction of the 11.18 version of the Nice Classification did not identify any need for changes to
the Taxonomy.
There were proposals for change to the Taxonomy received from Offices. These are listed below in
two parts:
1. Changes implemented
2. Changes not implemented
The changes have been reviewed and agreed with WIPO and EU national and regional trade markoffices.
3.1 Proposed changes implemented
Class

OriginOriginal

Change1

BOIP

Filtering media of chemical and nonchemical substances included in the class

Filtering materials [chemical, mineral,vegetable and other unprocessed materials]

Justification"Included in the class" seems to us an indication that the term is too vague; therefore, thisGT should not be selectable for classification purposes. We prefer Filtering materials[chemical, mineral, vegetable and other unprocessed materials].

EUIPN OC
Analysis

It is more specific and more related to Nice than the current wording.

Class

OriginOriginal

Change1

BOIP

Chemical compositions and materials foruse in cosmetics

Chemical compositions and materials foruse in the manufacture of cosmetics

Justification

Proposal: "Chemical compositions and materials for use in the manufacture ofcosmetics".

EUIPN OC
Analysis

The proposal more closely relates to the wording used in the biggest component of theGroup content.

Class

OriginOriginal

Change1

BOIP

Photographic film

Photographic film, not exposed

Justification"Photographic film, non exposed".

EUIPN OC
Analysis

The proposal brings the Group Title more in line with the Nice classification. However, theGroup covers “Photographic films”; “Cinematographic films” and “Sensitized films” ingeneral when un-exposed. (Nice uses both “unexposed” and “not exposed”). To cover thecontent the Group Title could be worded “Sensitised films, unexposed” which would follow
the wording in the sister Group “Sensitised paper”.

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Class

OriginOriginal

Change2

BOIP

Metal in foil and powder form

Metal in foil and powder form for use inpainting, decorating, printing and art

Justification

Proposal: "Metal in foil and powder form for use in painting, decorating, printing and art"
(otherwise too vague because of class 6).

EUIPN OC
Analysis

The proposal brings the Group Title into line with Nice. It still accurately describes thecontent.

Class

Original

7

OriginINPI (FR) Construction equipment

ChangeConstruction machines

Justification

Too vague to define the nature of "construction equipment".

EUIPN OC
Analysis

The word “construction” incorporates “building” in its meaning so there is nothing gainedby changing this, particularly as not all of the content is for building. The word “equipment”
is capable of covering goods in different classes; see Collins “a set of tools, devices, kit,
etc, assembled for a specific purpose, such as a soldier's kit and weapons”. Most of thecontent of the Group is qualified as being a “machine” and if not a machine would likely
be in another class, so this would seem to be a word that more accurately and clearly
describes the content.

Class

OriginOriginal

Change21

EUIPO

Articles for clothing and footwear

Articles for the care of clothing and footwear

Justification

Change.

EUIPN OC
Analysis

The current Group Title does not describe the content of the Group.

Class

Original

36

OriginINPI (FR) Fundraising and sponsorship

ChangeFundraising and financial sponsorship

Justification

Too vague to define the type of "sponsorship".

EUIPN OC
Analysis

The definition of “Sponsorship” is “Financial support received from a sponsor” so that it is“financial” is implicit in the word. However, Nice specifically mentions “Financial
sponsorship” so the proposal would make the financial aspect implicit and align with Nice

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3.2 Proposed changes not implemented
Class

OriginOriginal

Change1

BOIP

Chemical preparations and materials forfilm, photography and printing

Chemical preparations and materials for film
treatment, photography and printing

Justification

Proposal "chemical preparations and materials for film treatment, photography andprinting".

EUIPN OC
Analysis

The Group covers more than chemicals for treatment of films – it also covers films bothphotographic and sensitised which would not be apparent from the proposed wording
which does not encompass such goods. As worded the “Chemical preparations reads
though into the “photography and printing” which further excludes goods within the Group
content.

Class

OriginOriginal

Change1

BOIP

Growing media, fertilizers and chemicals
for use in agriculture, horticulture andforestry

Growing substances, fertilizers andchemicals for use in agriculture, horticulture
and forestry

Justification"Media": we suggest "growing substances, fertilizers and chemicals for use in agriculture,horticulture and forestry".

EUIPN OC
Analysis

The term “growing media” is defined as “…a substance through which plant roots growand extract water and nutrients” It therefore can means the same as “substance(s)”.
However, when used the word “substance” has a more restrictive definition “…A particularkind of matter with uniform properties” which is not the same as “Media”. The word“substance” would not cover all Group content.

Class

OriginOriginal

Change1

BOIP

Chemical substances, chemical materials
and chemical preparations, and naturalelements

Chemical substances, chemical materials andchemical preparations and natural elements,
for use in manufacture and industry

Justification

Proposal: "Chemical substances, chemical materials and chemical preparations andnatural elements, for use in manufacture and industry"EUIPN OC
Analysis

The Group covers more than goods “for use in manufacture and industry”, for example“Chemical additives”, “Anti-freeze for vehicle cooling systems”, “Chemicals for use infarming”, “Chemicals for scientific use”. Adding the qualification “for use in manufacture
and industry” excludes these and many other types of goods in the Group content

Class

OriginOriginal

Change1

INPI (FR)Compositions for fire extinguishing andprevention

Chemical compositions fire extinguishingand prevention

Justification

Too vague to define the nature or the type of the "compositions".

EUIPN OC
Analysis

Nice does not limit the “Fire extinguishing compositions” to being “chemical” and“Fireproofing preparations” to being “Chemical” so the current Group Title moreaccurately reflects Nice.

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Class
1

OriginOriginal

Chemical substances, chemical materials
INPI (FR) and chemical preparations, and naturalelements

ChangeChemical substances, chemical materials
and chemical preparations

Justification

Too vague to define the nature of the "natural elements".

EUIPN OC
Analysis

Deleting an element of a Group Title without proposing something to take its place leaves
it open as to where the goods covered by the deleted element sit within the Taxonomy.
This cannot add to the clarity or usefulness of the Taxonomy.

Class

OriginOriginal

Change2

BOIP

Dyes, colorants, pigments and inks

Dyes, colorants and pigments

Justification"Inks" not OK; class 16 also possible.

EUIPN OC
Analysis

There is a diverse range of “inks” in Class 2 which would be difficult to encapsulate in aGroup Title without use of an impermissible negation. These “inks” are not “Dyes,
colorants or pigments” and removing “inks” from the Group Title will make the content
less apparent.

Class

OriginOriginal

Change2

BOIP

Coatings

Coatings (paints)

Justification

Proposal: "Coatings (paints)".

EUIPN OC
Analysis

The proposal would not reflect the content of this Group, for example, it excludes “oils”
and “resins”, so adding “paints” to the Group Title will make the content less apparent.

Class

OriginOriginal

2

BOIP

Paints and washes

ChangeJustification

NOT OK: washes = too vague

EUIPN OC
Analysis

The term “wash” describes a particular type of water based paint. Although it can appear
in other types of goods this is always with a word defining the nature such as “Facialwashes”, “Cattle washes”, etc., Add this to the fact that the “washes” are defined by theparent group as being “coatings” there seems sufficient clarity not to require a change.

Class

OriginOriginal

Change2

BOIP

Preservatives

Preservatives for wood

Justification

Proposal: "Preservatives for wood" (otherwise too vague).

EUIPN OC
Analysis

The Group content encompasses much more that preservatives for wood, for example“Anti-rust oils”, “preservatives for masonry” etc. The proposal would have the effect of
excluding a significant proportion of the content.

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Class
2

OriginOriginal

INPI (FR) Preservatives

ChangeDeleteJustification

Too vague to define the nature or the type of the "preservatives".

EUIPN OC
AnalysisIf the Group is deleted – where do “Preservatives” sit in the Taxonomy? Having no groupwould not improve the transparency of the content.

Class

Original

2

OriginINPI (FR) Dyes, colorants, pigments and inks

ChangeDyes, colorants, pigments and inks except
chemical, cosmetics and paper stationery
products

Justification

Too vague: can belong to different classes.

EUIPN OC
Analysis

Whilst it is better if the Group Titles reflect the class content, they are not for classificationand therefore do not always (or have to) do this. Additionally, negations in the Group
Titles are to be avoided.

Class

OriginOriginal

Change3

BOIP

Essential oils and aromatic extracts

Essential oils and not edible aromatic
extracts

Justification"Aromatic extracts" = too vague; class 30 also possible ==> proposal "Essential oils andnot edible aromatic extracts.

EUIPN OC
Analysis

The Group content encompasses aromatic extracts that are edible, for example “Essential
oils for food flavouring”, “Flavour enhancers for food [essential oils]” etc. The proposal
would have the effect of making the Group content unclear.

Class

OriginOriginal

Change3

BOIP

Skin, eye and nail care preparations

Cosmetic skin and eye care preparations,nail care preparations

Justification

Proposal: "Cosmetic skin and eye care preparations, nail care preparations".

EUIPN OC
AnalysisThat the Group “Skin, eye and nail care preparations” sits below “Body cleaning andbeauty care preparations” qualifies the groups below as being for such purposes, or inother words, that they are “cosmetic”. Although the proposal adds the definition of“cosmetic”, it still does not align with Nice which refers to the class content as being “nonmedicated”.

Class

OriginOriginal

Change3

BOIP

Hair preparations and treatments

Hair care preparations and cosmetic hairtreatments

Justification

Proposal: "Hair care preparations and cosmetic hair treatments".

EUIPN OC
AnalysisThat the Group “Skin, eye and nail care preparations” sits below “Body cleaning andbeauty care preparations” qualifies the groups below as being for such purposes, or in

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other words, that they are “cosmetics” for “care”. Even so, the proposal only adds thedefinition of “cosmetic” to “treatments” and leaves the “Hair care” unqualified. This creates
ambiguity and open to question whether all hair care preparations are in this Group,
medicated and non-medicated.
Class

OriginOriginal

Change4

BOIP

Lubricants and industrial greases, waxes
and fluids

Lubricants and industrial greases, waxes
and oils

Justification

Proposal: "Lubricants and industrial greases, waxes and oils". "The fluids mentioned inclass 4 are lubricants or industrial oils".

EUIPN OC
Analysis

It is not correct that “The fluids mentioned in class 4 are lubricants or industrial oils". The
Group includes “Additives (Non-chemical -) for lubricants", “Cutting fluids” which can be“oil-water emulsions”, “Non-slip dressings for belts” which are not an oil or grease. The
proposal would have the effect of making the Group content unclear.

Class

OriginOriginal

Change5

BOIP

Dental preparations and articles, andmedicated dentifrices

Material for dentists, medicated dentifrices
and medicated dental preparations

Justification

Proposal: "Material for dentists, medicated dentifrices and medicated dental
preparations".

EUIPN OC
Analysis“Materials for dentists” does not describe the Group content; it describes goods that arepresumably “for use by dentists in dentistry”. The current Group Title more clearly andaccurately describes the content.

Class

OriginOriginal

5

BOIP

Sanitary preparations and articles

ChangeJustification

Those terms are too vague. See e.g. "Cleansers for intimate personal hygiene purposes,
non-medicated" and "Sanitary preparations being toiletries" in class 3.

EUIPN OC
Analysis

No proposal for change. The term “Sanitary” means “Relating to the conditions that
affect hygiene and health” and adequately describes the Group content including theterms mentioned in “justification”

Class

OriginOriginal

5

BOIP

Medical and veterinary preparations andarticlesChangeJustification

Too vague.

EUIPN OC
Analysis

No proposal for change. The term “Medical and veterinary preparations” is part of theclass heading and adequately describes both the class and the Group content. If thesuggested vagueness is with “articles” then this should be explained and an alternative
proposed. In the absence of this there can be no action.

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Class

OriginOriginal

Change5

BOIP

Diagnostic preparations and materials

Diagnostic preparations and materials, formedical and veterinary use

Justification

Proposal: "Diagnostic preparations and materials, for medical and veterinary use".

EUIPN OC
AnalysisThat the Group “Diagnostic preparations and materials” sits below “Medical and veterinary
preparations and articles” qualifies the groups below as being for such purposes, or inother words, that they are “medical and veterinary preparations/articles”, so no need forfurther qualification.

Class

OriginOriginal

Change5

BOIP

Medical dressings, coverings andapplicators

Medical dressings, paddings and applicators

Justification

Proposal: "Medical dressings, paddings and applicators".

EUIPN OC
Analysis

Changing the word “coverings” to “paddings” would have the effect of excluding goods
which are not strictly dressings or “padding” (such as “Adhesive plaster”, “Adhesive films
for medical use”, “Sponges for healing wounds”) from the described content.

Class

OriginOriginal

Change5

BOIP

Pest control preparations and articles

Pest control preparations and articles
containing those preparations

Justification"Pest control articles" is too broad. "Mouse traps" is a product in class 21. Proposal: "Pestcontrol preparations and articles containing those preparations" (like mothballs)

EUIPN OC
Analysis

There are “articles in the content of this Group. Some articles contain “pest control”
preparations, (flea collars) whereas others (Fly paper) do not so the proposal does notwork for the content.

Class

Original

5

OriginINPI (FR) Sanitary preparations and articles

ChangeSanitary preparations and articles except
bodily products

Justification

Too vague: can belong to different classes.

EUIPN OC
Analysis

The term “Sanitary” means “Relating to the conditions that affect hygiene and health” andadequately describes the Group content including the terms mentioned in “justification”.
Apart from being a negation (which is to be avoided) the proposed text excludes“sanitary” goods that are for bodily use such as “Lubricant gels for personal use”. Deletingthe “Sanitary” Group would require a restructuring of the Groups below.

Class

Original

5

OriginINPI (FR) Pest control preparations and articles

ChangePest control preparations

Justification

Pest control articles is too vague; it can also include traps (class 21).

EUIPN OC

There are “articles” in the content of this Group that correctly fall within the class. Not

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AnalysisClass
5mentioning “articles” leaves a question of where they go in the taxonomy.
OriginOriginal

ChangeDiagnostic preparations and materials for
medical use

INPI (FR) Diagnostic preparations and materials

Justification

Too vague to define the nature of the good.

EUIPN OC
Analysis“Diagnostic preparations and materials” is below “Medical and veterinary preparations
and articles”. This qualifies the groups below as being for such purposes, so no need forfurther qualification. The proposal also excludes “veterinary”.

Class

Original

5

OriginChangeINPI (FR) Pharmaceuticals and natural remedies

Pharmaceuticals remedies

Justification

Too vague to define the meaning of "natural remedies" and wrong translation.

EUIPN OC
Analysis

If “Natural remedies” is deleted from the Group Title, where do goods such as the “Barksfor pharmaceutical purposes” and “Naturally derived antimicrobials for dermatologicaluse” sit in the Taxonomy? Having no group would not improve the transparency of thecontent.

Class

OriginOriginal

Change6

BOIP

Containers, and transportation andpackaging articles, of metal

Containers and transportation and packaging
holders of metal

Justification

Proposal: "Containers and transportation and packaging holders of metal".

EUIPN OC
Analysis

The proposed change makes it unclear whether the “containers” are included in the“transportation” qualification. Additionally, the content of the Group is wider than goods
that are “packaging holders”, for example “Loading pallets” do not “hold”. The proposal
therefore excludes Group content that is adequately covered by the existing Group Title.

Class

OriginOriginal

Change6

BOIP

Dispensers, of metal

Dispensers (containers) of metal

Justification

Proposal: "Dispensers (containers) of metal".

EUIPN OC
Analysis

Dispenser has the meaning of “…a machine or container designed so that you can get anitem or quantity of something from it in an easy and convenient way.” So in the context ofthe class (and taking account that this Group is below “Containers, and transportation andpackaging articles, of metal”), the Dispensers do not need qualification as “containers”.

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Class

OriginOriginal

Change7

BOIP

Pumps, compressors and fansCompressors

Justification

NOT OK. Pumps and fans are too broad for a GT as they appear in several classes.
Besides, this GT contains 3 kinds of products and therefore it should not be selectable asa classification term. Proposal: "Compressors". Possibly "Pumps and fans, not included inother classes", but we are not in favour of it.

EUIPN OC
Analysis

If “pumps” and “fans” are taken out of the Group Title, where do they get taxonomised?
The negation mentioned is not a permissible way to express a Group.

Class

OriginOriginal

7

BOIP

Engines, powertrains, and machine parts,and controls for the operation of machines
and engines

ChangeJustification

Too vague.

EUIPN OC
Analysis

Why is the Group Title too vague – is it a particular part or the whole? There is no
proposal to remedy the perceived vagueness so no action can be considered.

Class

OriginOriginal

Change7

BOIP

Opening and closing mechanisms

Electric opening and closing mechanisms

Justification

Proposal: "Electric opening and closing mechanisms".

EUIPN OC
Analysis

The Group content covers more than “electric”, for example “hydraulic”, “pneumatic”
which would be excluded by the proposal.

Class

OriginOriginal

Change7

BOIP

Exterior clearing and cleaning equipment

Exterior clearing and cleaning apparatus

Justification

Proposal: "Exterior clearing and cleaning apparatus".

EUIPN OC
Analysis

The definition of “apparatus” (Collins: Apparatus is the equipment, such as tools andmachines, which is used to do a particular job or activity) shows that the proposal tochange “equipment” to “apparatus” makes no difference. In the absence of any reasoned
justification there seems no need to change.

Class

OriginOriginal

7

BOIP

Machines, tools and apparatus for fastening Tools, other than hand-operated, machines
and joining
and apparatus for fastening and joining

ChangeJustification

Proposal: "Tools, other than hand-operated, machines and apparatus for fastening andjoining".

EUIPN OC
Analysis

Negations such as “other than” are not a permissible way of wording Group Titles. The
wording proposed is also ambiguous in that it is not clear the exclusion “other than handoperated” extends to what follows, for example, “other than machines and apparatus”.

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Additionally, as the Group “Machines, tools and apparatus for fastening and joining” sits
below the Group “Machines and machine tools for treatment of materials and for
manufacturing” this links the tools to being “machine tools”.
Class

OriginOriginal

Change7

BOIP

Filtering machines, separators andcentrifuges

Centrifuges and separators

Justification

NOT OK. Filtering machines is too broad for a group title as they appear in several
classes. Besides, this GT contains 3 kinds of products and therefore it should not be
selectable as a classification term. Proposal: "Centrifuges and separators". Possibly"Filtering machines, separators and centrifuges, not included in other classes", but we are
not in favour of it.

EUIPN OC
Analysis

Filtering machines” is a Nice term showing such goods as being in Class 7 with noasterisk. It must therefore be clear enough and specific only to Class 7.

Class

OriginOriginal

Change7

BOIP

Printing and bookbinding machines

Printery and bookbinding machines

Justification

Proposal: "Printery and bookbinding machines" (to avoid confusion with printers in class9).

EUIPN OC
Analysis“Printery” describes “an establishment in which printing is carried out” (Collins) so cannot
describe the class or Group content. Collins also notes it as “used rarely” so is unlikely to
be clear to users.

Class

OriginOriginal

Change7

BOIP

Textile and leather sewing equipment

Textile and leather sewing apparatus

Justification

Proposal: “Textile and leather sewing apparatus".

EUIPN OC
Analysis

The definition of “apparatus” (Collins: Apparatus is the equipment, such as tools andmachines, which is used to do a particular job or activity.) shows that the proposal tochange “equipment” to “apparatus” makes no difference. In the absence of any reasoned
justification there seems no need to change.

Class

OriginOriginal

Change7

BOIP

Food and beverage processing andpreparation machines and apparatus

Food and beverage processing andtreatment machines

Justification

Proposal: "Food and beverage processing and treatment machines" (deletion of
apparatus and preparation to avoid confusion withe goods in class 11).

EUIPN OC
Analysis

It is not clear what (if any) food “preparation” machines and apparatus are in Class 11?

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Class

OriginOriginal

Change7

BOIP

Welding and soldering equipment

Welding and soldering apparatus

Justification

Proposal: "Welding and soldering apparatus".

EUIPN OC
Analysis

The definition of “apparatus” (Collins: Apparatus is the equipment, such as tools andmachines, which is used to do a particular job or activity.). Accordingly, the proposal tochange “equipment” to “apparatus” makes no difference. In the absence of any reasoned
justification there seems no gain in changing.

Class

OriginOriginal

Change7

BOIP

Construction equipment

Building machines

Justification

Proposal: "Building machines".

EUIPN OC
Analysis

The word “construction” incorporates “building” in its meaning so there is nothing gainedby changing this, particularly as not all of the content is for building.

Class

Original

7

OriginINPI (FR) Exterior clearing and cleaning equipment

ChangeExterior clearing and cleaning machines

Justification

Too vague to define the nature of "exterior cleaning and cleaning equipment".

EUIPN OC
Analysis

Not all of the content can be defined as being a “machine” – they can be “attachments”.

Class

Original

7

OriginINPI (FR) Welding and soldering equipment

ChangeWelding and soldering machines

Justification

Too vague to define the nature of "Welding and soldering equipment".

EUIPN OC
Analysis

Not all of the content can be defined as being a “machine” – see “Blow pipes being partsof gas cutting apparatus”, “Gas-operated welding apparatus”, “Soldering lamps”, etc, so
the proposal would have the effect of excluding content, including “parts”.

Class

Original

7

OriginINPI (FR) Textile and leather sewing equipment

ChangeTextile and leather sewing machines

Justification

Too vague to define the nature of : "Textile and leather sewing equipment".

EUIPN OC
Analysis

Not all of the content can be defined as being a “machine” – see “Sewing robots”, “Pedal
drives for sewing machines” so the proposal would have the effect of excluding content.

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Class
7

OriginOriginal

INPI (FR) Opening and closing mechanisms

ChangeDeleteJustification

Too vague to define the nature or the type of "opening and closing mechanisms".

EUIPN OC
Analysis

Deleting a Group Title without putting something forward to replace it leaves a question ofwhere the Group content sits within the structure. This does not improve the clarity or
usefulness of the Taxonomy.

Class

OriginOriginal

Change8

BOIP

Hygienic and beauty implements forhumans and animals

Hygienic and beauty instruments forhumans and animals

Justification

Proposal: "Hygienic and beauty instruments for humans and animals" (to avoid confusion
with class 21).

EUIPN OC
Analysis

In Collins, an “implement” is defined as “…a tool or other piece of equipment” whereas an“instrument” is “…a tool or device that is used to do a particular task, especially ascientific task.” Accordingly, the proposal will makes no difference (it may even make thecontent less clear given the usual linkage to “science”). In the absence of any reasoned
justification there seems no gain from changing.

Class

OriginOriginal

Change8

BOIP

Food preparation implements, kitchen
knives and cutting implements, cutlery foreatingFood preparation instruments, kitchen
knives and cutting instruments, not electric,
cutlery for eating

Justification

Proposal: "Food preparation instruments, kitchen knives and cutting instruments, notelectric, cutlery for eating" (to avoid confusion with classes 7 and 21).

EUIPN OC
Analysis

In Collins, an “implement” is “…a tool or other piece of equipment” whereas an“instrument” is “…a tool or device that is used to do a particular task, especially ascientific task.” Accordingly, the proposal will makes no difference (it may even make thecontent less clear given the usual linkage to “science”). In the absence of any reasoned
justification there seems no need to change.

Class

OriginOriginal

8

BOIP

Cutting, drilling, grinding, sharpening andsurface treatment hand tools

ChangeJustification

O.K. as a GT, but we doubt whether it doesn't contain several different products andshould therefore not be selectable as a classification term.

EUIPN OC
Analysis

This is a matter for all offices – they have previously considered and decided thisquestion.

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Class
8

OriginOriginal

Food preparation implements, kitchen
INPI (FR) knives and cutting implements, cutlery foreatingChangeKitchen knives and cutting implements,
cutlery for eating

Justification“Food preparation implements" is too vague; it can also include containers in class 21.

EUIPN OC
Analysis

Deleting part of a Group Title without putting something forward to replace it leaves aquestion of where the Group content sits within the structure. This does not improve theclarity or usefulness of the Taxonomy. Where do the items that are not “knives”, “cutting
implements” or “cutlery” go in the Taxonomy?
On the question of potentially covering “Containers”, the definition of “implements” is “A
tool or other piece of equipment” which does not describe a container.

Class

Original

ChangeINPI (FR) Hair styling appliances

Delete8

OriginJustification

Hair styling appliances is too vague; it can also include hairbrushes (class 21).

EUIPN OC
Analysis

Deleting a Group Title without putting something forward to replace it leaves a question ofwhere the Group content sits within the structure. This does not improve the clarity or
usefulness of the Taxonomy.

Class

OriginOriginal

Change8

INPI (FR)

Hygienic and beauty implements forhumans and animals

DeleteJustification

Too vague to define the nature or type of "Hygienic and beauty implements for humans
and animals".

EUIPN OC
Analysis

Deleting a Group Title without putting something forward to replace it leaves a question ofwhere the Group content sits within the structure. This does not improve the clarity or
usefulness of the Taxonomy.

Class

OriginOriginal

9

BOIP

Information technology and audio-visual,
multimedia and photographic devices

ChangeJustification

O.K. as a GT, but we doubt whether it doesn't contain several different products andshould therefore not be selectable as a classification term.

EUIPN OC
Analysis

This is a matter for all offices – they have previously considered and decided thisquestion.

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Class

OriginOriginal

9

BOIP

Apparatus, instruments and cables forelectricity

ChangeJustification

Not selectable.

EUIPN OC
Analysis

This is a matter for all offices – they have previously considered and decided thisquestion.

Class

OriginOriginal

9

BOIP

Scientific research and laboratory
apparatus, educational apparatus andsimulators

ChangeJustification

O.K. as a GT, but we doubt whether it doesn't contain several different products andshould therefore not be selectable as a classification term.

EUIPN OC
Analysis

This is a matter for all offices – they have previously considered and decided thisquestion.

Class

OriginOriginal

9

BOIP

Measuring, counting, alignment andcalibrating instruments

ChangeJustification

O.K. as a GT, but we doubt whether it doesn't contain several different products andshould therefore not be selectable as a classification term

EUIPN OC
Analysis

This is a matter for all offices – they have previously considered and decided thisquestion.

Class

Original

9

OriginINPI (FR) Diving equipment

ChangeDiving equipment excepted spearguns andscuba flippers

Justification"Diving equipment" is too vague; it can also include "spearguns" and "scuba flippers" inclass 28.

EUIPN OC
AnalysisDiving equipment describes the equipment used for diving – it does not cover “spearguns”
which are for hunting. The “flippers” are not in Class 9 and are used for diving but also forother purposes which is why they are classified differently. Apart from being undesirable,
a negation to avoid potential uncertainty with one item seems somewhat unnecessary.

Class

OriginOriginal

Change9

INPI (FR)Data processing equipment andaccessories (electrical and mechanical)

Data processing equipment (electrical andmechanical)

Justification

Too vague to define the nature or the type of "data processing accessories".

EUIPN OC
Analysis

Deleting part of a Group Title without putting something forward to replace it leaves aquestion of where the Group content sits within the structure. This does not improve theclarity or usefulness of the Taxonomy. Where do “Computer peripheral devices” that are

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not for data processing per se go in the Taxonomy?

Class

OriginOriginal

Change10

BOIP

Diagnostic, examination, and monitoring
equipment

Diagnostic, examination and monitoring
equipment for medical use

Justification

Proposal: "Diagnostic, examination and monitoring equipment for medical use" to beconsistent with the other specifications in class 10.

EUIPN OC
Analysis

The Group “Diagnostic, examination, and monitoring equipment” sits below “Medical andveterinary apparatus and instruments” so is already qualified by reference by its parent.

Class

Original

10

OriginINPI (FR) Surgical and wound treating equipment

ChangeSurgical and surgical wound treating
equipment

Justification

Too vague to define "wound treating equipment".

EUIPN OC
Analysis

There are items in the content of this Group that are for non-surgical wound treatment.
The proposal would exclude these and make the Taxonomisation unclear and uncertain.

Class

OriginOriginal

Change10

INPI (FR)Diagnostic, examination, and monitoring
equipment

Medical diagnostic, examination, andmonitoring equipment

Justification

Too vague to define the nature of "Diagnostic, examination, and monitoring equipment";
can also include the monitoring instruments in class 9.

EUIPN OC
Analysis

The Group “Diagnostic, examination, and monitoring equipment” sits below “Medical andveterinary apparatus and instruments” so is already qualified by reference by its parent.

Class

OriginOriginal

Change11

BOIP

Food and beverage cooking, heating,cooling and treatment equipment

Food and beverage cooking, heating andcooling apparatus

Justification

Proposal: "Food and beverage cooking, heating and cooling apparatus" (deletion oftreatment to avoid confusion withe goods in class 7).

EUIPN OC
Analysis

The “treating” element of the Group Title covers activity that is not clearly “cooking”,“heating” or “cooling”, for example “Apparatus for making foam while heating milk”, “Fooddehydrators” and “Heated display units” which would have no place without the term“treatment”. The proposal also changes “equipment” to “apparatus”. The definition of“apparatus (Collins: Apparatus is the equipment, such as tools and machines, which isused to do a particular job or activity.). Accordingly, the proposal to change “equipment”
to “apparatus” makes no difference. In the absence of any reasoned justification there
seems no gain in changing.

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Class

OriginOriginal

Change11

BOIP

Regulating and safety accessories for water Regulating and safety fittings adapted forand gas installations
water and gas installations

Justification

Proposal: "Regulating and safety fittings adapted for water and gas installations”.

EUIPN OC
Analysis“Regulating accessories for water or gas apparatus and pipes”, “Regulating and safety
accessories for water apparatus” and “Regulating and safety accessories for gas
apparatus” are all Nice terms. The Group Title is closely aligned with these so seem to bea perfectly good to describe the content.

Class

OriginOriginal

11

BOIP

Igniters

ChangeJustification

Too broad: could it not be classified as being parts of central heating installations?

EUIPN OC
Analysis

The group content covers more than igniters for central heating; see the Nice term
“Friction lighters for igniting Bunsen burners”.

Class

OriginOriginal

11

BOIP

Sanitary and bathroom installations andplumbing fixtures

ChangeJustification

O.K. as a GT, but we doubt whether it doesn't contain several different products andshould therefore not be selectable as a classification term.

EUIPN OC
Analysis

This is a matter for all offices – they have previously considered and decided thisquestion.

Class

OriginOriginal

11

INPI (FR)Regulating and safety accessories for water Regulating and safety apparatus for waterand gas installations
and gas installations

ChangeJustification

Too vague the nature of "Regulating and safety accessories for water and gas
installations".

EUIPN OC
Analysis“Regulating accessories for water or gas apparatus and pipes”, “Regulating and safety
accessories for water apparatus” and “Regulating and safety accessories for gas
apparatus” are all Nice terms. The Group Title is closely aligned with these so seem to bea perfectly good to describe the content.

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Class

OriginOriginal

Change11

INPI (FR)Food and beverage cooking, heating,cooling and treatment equipment

Food and beverage cooking, heating andcooling equipment

Justification"Food and beverage treatment equipment" is too vague; it can also include "Slicing
machines (Electric -) for large scale food processing" in class 7.

EUIPN OC
Analysis

The “treating” element of the Group Title covers activity that is not clearly “cooking”,“heating” or “cooling”, for example “Apparatus for making foam while heating milk”, “Fooddehydrators” and “Heated display units” which would have no place without the term“treatment”. As for it encompassing “slicing”, the definition of “Treatment” (…involves
putting a particular substance onto or into it, in order to clean it, to protect it, or to give it
special properties) would appear to exclude this possibility.

Class

Original

12

OriginINPI (FR) Parts and fittings for land vehicles

ChangeParts and fittings for land vehicles includedin this class

Justification"Parts and fittings for land vehicles" is too vague; it can also be in class 7.

EUIPN OC
AnalysisIf the Taxonomy were an aid to classification (which it is not) then the proposal would be
relevant, although saying “included in this class” does nothing other than say what is
implicit without such text.

Class

Original

12

OriginINPI (FR) Parts and fittings for water vehicles

ChangeParts and fittings for water vehicles includedin this class

Justification"Parts and fittings for water vehicles" is too vague; it can also be in class 7.

EUIPN OC
AnalysisIf the Taxonomy were an aid to classification (which it is not) then the proposal would be
relevant, although saying “included in this class” does nothing other than say what is
implicit without such text.

Class

Original

12

OriginINPI (FR) Parts and fittings for air and space vehicles

ChangeParts and fittings for air and space vehicles
included in this class

Justification"Parts and fittings for air and space vehicles" is too vague; it can also be in class 7.

EUIPN OC
AnalysisIf the Taxonomy were an aid to classification (which it is not) then the proposal would be
relevant, although saying “included in this class” does nothing other than say what is
implicit without such text.

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Class
12

OriginOriginal

INPI (FR) Parts and fittings for vehicles

ChangeParts and fittings for vehicles included inthis class

Justification"Parts and fittings for vehicles" is too vague; it can also be in class 7.

EUIPN OC
AnalysisIf the Taxonomy were an aid to classification (which it is not) then the proposal would be
relevant, although saying “included in this class” does nothing other than say what is
implicit without such text.

Class

OriginOriginal

14

BOIP

Other articles of precious metals andprecious stones, and imitations thereof

ChangeJustification

Too vague.

EUIPN OC
Analysis

Not stated why it is too vague. It describes the content of the Group. Recognising that it
lacks certain clarity the term is not selectable as a classification term.

Class

OriginOriginal

Change15

BOIPMusical accessories

None

Justification

Too vague as a term: should not be selectable.

EUIPN OC
Analysis

Does not say why it is too vague. On the ability to select the offices have previously
considered and decided this question.

Class

Original

ChangeINPI (FR) Musical accessories

Delete15

OriginJustification

Too vague to define the nature or the type of "musical accessories".

EUIPN OC
Analysis

Deleting a Group Title without putting something forward to replace it leaves a question ofwhere the Group content sits within the structure. This does not improve the clarity or
usefulness of the Taxonomy. Where do items such as “Conductor’s batons”, “Music
stands” and “Tuning forks” go? They are not “musical instruments.

Class

OriginOriginal

16

BOIP

Disposable paper products

ChangeJustification

Too vague

EUIPN OC
Analysis

Not stated why it is too vague. It describes the content of the Group. Recognising that it
lacks certain clarity the term is not selectable as a classification term.

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Class
16

OriginOriginal

INPI (FR) Arts, crafts and modelling equipment

ChangeDeleteJustification

Too vague to define the nature or the type of "Arts, crafts and modelling equipment".

EUIPN OC
Analysis

Deleting a Group Title without putting something forward to replace it leaves a question ofwhere the Group content sits within the structure. This does not improve the clarity or
usefulness of the Taxonomy.

Class

Original

16

OriginINPI (FR) Educational equipment

ChangeTeaching materials except apparatus

Justification

Too vague to define the nature or the type of "Educational equipment"

EUIPN OC
Analysis

The definition of “Materials” (Collins) is “the equipment necessary for a particular activity”,
so the proposal would appear to have no effect or benefit.

Class

OriginOriginal

17

BOIP

Unprocessed and semi-processed materials
included in the class, not specified for use

ChangeJustification

Too vague.

EUIPN OC
Analysis

Not stated why it is too vague. It describes the content of the Group. Recognising that it
lacks certain clarity the term is not selectable as a classification term.

Class

OriginOriginal

17

BOIP

Finished or semi-finished goods, ofmaterials included in the class, specified foruse

ChangeJustification

Too vague.

EUIPN OC
Analysis

Not stated why it is too vague. It describes the content of the Group. Recognising that it
lacks certain clarity the term is not selectable as a classification term.

Class

OriginOriginal

17

BOIP

Synthetic and composite materials

ChangeJustification

Too vague.

EUIPN OC
Analysis

Not stated why it is too vague. It describes the content of the Group. Recognising that it
lacks certain clarity the term is not selectable as a classification term.

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Class

OriginOriginal

17

BOIP

Molds

ChangeJustification

Too vague.

EUIPN OC
Analysis

Not stated why it is too vague. It describes the content of the Group. Recognising that it
lacks certain clarity the term is not selectable as a classification term.

Class

OriginOriginal

17

BOIP

Statues and works of art

ChangeJustification

Too vague.

EUIPN OC
Analysis

Not stated why it is too vague. It describes the content of the Group. Recognising that it
lacks certain clarity the term is not selectable as a classification term.

Class

OriginOriginal

17

BOIP

Coverings

ChangeJustification

Too vague.

EUIPN OC
Analysis

Not stated why it is too vague. It describes the content of the Group. Recognising that it
lacks certain clarity the term is not selectable as a classification term.

Class

OriginOriginal

Change17

INPI (FR)Shock-absorbing and packing materials,
vibration dampers

Shock-absorbing and packing materials of
rubber or plastics, vibration dampers

Justification

Too vague to define the type of "packing materials"; it can also be in class 16.

EUIPN OC
Analysis

The proposal excludes a lot of Group content such as “Articles made of synthetic rubber
for use in vibration attenuation”, “Packing [cushioning, stuffing] materials of rubber
or plastics”, “Low-density polyurethane foam for packing”, “Extruded polystyrene pellets
for packing”. The question of “classifiability” of “class specificity” is not something thatconcerns the Taxonomy.

Class

Original

17

OriginINPI (FR) Adhesive tapes, strips, bands and films

ChangeDeleteJustification

Too vague to define the type of "Adhesive tapes, strips, bands and films" ; it can also be
in class 16 (adhesive bands and films) and 26 (bands).

EUIPN OC
Analysis

Deleting a Group Title without putting something forward to replace it leaves a question ofwhere the Group content sits within the structure. This does not improve the clarity or
usefulness of the Taxonomy. The question of “classifiability” of “class specificity” is not
something that concerns the Taxonomy.

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Class

OriginOriginal

18

BOIP

Leather and imitation leather, pelts andhides, and goods made thereof

ChangeJustification

Too vague.

EUIPN OC
Analysis

Not stated why it is too vague. It describes the content of the Group. Recognising that it
lacks certain clarity the term is not selectable as a classification term.

Class

Original

18

OriginINPI (FR) Luggage, bags, wallets and other carriers

ChangeLuggage, bags, wallets

Justification

Too vague to define the type of "other carriers"; it can also be in class 12 and 22.

EUIPN OC
Analysis

Deleting part of a Group Title without putting something forward to replace it leaves aquestion of where the Group content sits within the structure. Where would goods such as“Baby carriers [slings or harnesses]”, “Business card cases” and “Carriers for suits, shirts
and dresses” be placed? This does not improve the clarity or usefulness of theTaxonomy. The question of “classifiability” of “class specificity” is not something thatconcerns the Taxonomy.

Class

OriginOriginal

19

BOIP

Unprocessed and semi-processed materials
included in the class, not specified for use

ChangeJustification

Too vague.

EUIPN OC
Analysis

Not stated why it is too vague. It describes the content of the Group. Recognising that it
lacks certain clarity the term is not selectable as a classification term.

Class

OriginOriginal

19

BOIP

Statues and works of art made of materials
such as stone, concrete and marble,
included in the class

ChangeJustification"Such as" too vague; "included in the class" seems to us an indication that the term is toovague; therefore, this GT should not be selectable for classification purposes.

EUIPN OC
Analysis

The “such as” is necessary to encompass “Statues and works of art” made of comparable
materials. The “included in the class” limits additions to synonymous products appropriate
to the class. The ability to select this term is a matter that has been decided by all offices.

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Class

Origin19

Original

ChangeWood and artificial wood

Wood for construction and artificial wood

Justification

Too vague to define "natural wood" ; it can also be in class 31.

EUIPN OC
Analysis

Qualifying the “Wood” as being “for construction” has the effect of excluding content suchas “Hobby wood”, “Rough-sawn timber”, “Timber mouldings”, “Balsa wood”.

Class

OriginOriginal

20

BOIP

Non-metallic hardware

ChangeJustification

Too vague.

EUIPN OC
Analysis

Not stated why it is too vague. It describes the content of the Group. Recognising that it
lacks certain clarity the term is not selectable as a classification term.

Class

OriginOriginal

BOIP

Statues, figurines, works of art andornaments and decorations, made ofmaterials such as wood, wax, plaster orplastic, included in the class20

ChangeJustification"Such as" too vague; "included in the class" seems to us an indication that the term is toovague; therefore, this GT should not be selectable for classification purposes.

EUIPN OC
Analysis

The “such as” is necessary to encompass “Statues and works of art” made of comparable
materials. The “included in the class” limits additions to synonymous products appropriate
to the class. The ability to select this term is a matter that has been decided by all offices.

Class

OriginOriginal

20

BOIP

Unprocessed and semi-processed materials
included in the class, not specified for use

ChangeJustification

Too vague

EUIPN OC
Analysis

Not stated why it is too vague. It describes the content of the Group. Recognising that it
lacks certain clarity the term is not selectable as a classification term.

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Class

OriginOriginal

Change20

INPI (FR)Beds, bedding, mattresses, pillows andcushions

Beds, bedding except linen, mattresses,
pillows and cushions

Justification

Too vague to define the type of "bedding"; it can also be in class 24.

EUIPN OC
Analysis

The purpose of the Taxonomy is to be able to navigate the content efficiently and not forclassification. This means that whilst it is desirable to have “class-specific” Group Titles
this is not a requirement. Apart from being a negation (which is to be avoided if possible)
the proposed wording excludes goods that are not in the class so does not add to theclarity. Also, it must be remembered that the Group “Beds, bedding, mattresses, pillows
and cushions” sits below “Furniture and furnishings” so is qualified by the higher level
Group (which does not encompass “bed linen”).

Class

OriginOriginal

21

BOIP

Statues, figurines, plaques and works of art,
made of materials such as porcelain, terracotta or glass, included in the class

ChangeJustification"Such as" too vague; "included in the class" seems to us an indication that the term is toovague; therefore, this GT should not be selectable for classification purposes.

EUIPN OC
Analysis

The “such as” is necessary to encompass “Statues and works of art” made of comparable
materials. The “included in the class” limits additions to synonymous products appropriate
to the class. The ability to select this term is a matter that has been decided by all offices.

Class

OriginOriginal

21

BOIP

Gardening articles

ChangeJustification

Too vague.

EUIPN OC
Analysis

Not stated why it is too vague. It describes the content of the Group. Recognising that it
lacks certain clarity the term is not selectable as a classification term.

Class

OriginOriginal

21

BOIP

Brushes and other articles for cleaning,brush-making materials

ChangeJustification"Other articles" too vague; should not be selectable.

EUIPN OC
Analysis

Not stated why it is too vague. The “other articles” referred to are qualified as being either“brushes” or articles for cleaning. The Group Title describes the content of the Group. The
ability to select this term is a matter that has been decided by all offices

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Class

OriginOriginal

21

BOIP

Cosmetic and toilet utensils and bathroom
articlesChangeJustification"Bathroom articles" too vague; should not be selectable.

EUIPN OC
Analysis

Not stated why it is too vague. The ability to select this term is a matter that has been
decided by all officesClass

OriginOriginal

21

BOIP

Articles for animals

ChangeJustification

Too vague.

EUIPN OC
Analysis

Not stated why it is too vague. It describes the content of the Group. Recognising that it
lacks certain clarity the term is not selectable as a classification term.

Class

OriginOriginal

21

BOIP

Articles for clothing and footwear

ChangeJustification

Too vague.

EUIPN OC
Analysis

Not stated why it is too vague. It describes the content of the Group. Recognising that it
lacks certain clarity the term is not selectable as a classification term.

Class

OriginOriginal

21

BOIP

Glasses, drinking vessels and barware

ChangeJustification"Barware" too vague; should not be selectable.

EUIPN OC
Analysis

Not stated why it is too vague. It is a recognised term that describes both the “glassware”
and other equipment used in a bar such as “Corksrews”, “Ice pails”, “Cocktail shakers”
and “Cocktail stirrers” The ability to select this term is a matter that has been decided by
all offices.

Class

Original

21

OriginINPI (FR) Cleaning articles

ChangeCleaning materials

Justification

Too vague to define the type of "Cleaning articles"; it can also be in class 3

EUIPN OC
Analysis

Setting aside that the Taxonomy is not intended for classification purposes (meaning thatGroup Titles do not necessarily have to be class-specific), the proposal does not make an
improvement in clarity. “Materials” means “…the articles or apparatus needed to make or
do something”, whereas “Article” means “.a particular item or object”. As “materials”
encompasses “apparatus” this will likely cause confusion with other classes. The more
specific meaning of “articles” describes the content (Group and Class) more accurately.

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Class
21

OriginOriginal

INPI (FR) Dental cleaning articles

ChangeDental cleaning articles knowing
toothbrushes and floss

Justification

Too vague to define the type of "dental cleaning articles"; it can also be in class 3.

EUIPN OC
Analysis

The Taxonomy is not intended for classification purposes (meaning that Group Titles do
not necessarily have to be class-specific). That said, the proposal is not understood. If theintention was to limit the Group to “toothbrushes” and “floss” this will have the effect of
excluding content such as “Oral irrigators”, “Dental baths” and “Dental floss dispensers”.

Class

OriginOriginal

Change21

INPI (FR)Brushes and other articles for cleaning,brush-making materials

Brushes and brush-making materials

Justification

Too vague to define the nature or the type of "other articles for cleaning"; it can also be inclass 3.

EUIPN OC
Analysis

The Taxonomy is not intended for classification purposes, meaning that Group Titles do
not necessarily have to be class-specific. That said, the proposal to remove “other articles
for cleaning” will have the effect of excluding content not being “brushes” or for making
such goods, for example, ”Abrasive pads for kitchen purposes”, “Basins”, “Pails”, “Antistatic cloths”, etc.

Class

OriginOriginal

Change21

INPI (FR)Cosmetic and toilet utensils and bathroom
articlesDeleteJustification

Too vague to define the nature or the type of "Cosmetic and toilet utensils and bathroom
articles"; it can also be in class 3, 20.

EUIPN OC
Analysis

The Taxonomy is not intended for classification purposes, meaning that Group Titles do
not necessarily have to be class-specific. That aside, the proposal to delete the Group
without proposing anything to replace it will leave a question over where in the Taxonomy
content such as “Baby baths”, “Bath sponges”, Babies’ potties” should be recorded.

Class

OriginOriginal

22

BOIP

Goods made of textile and fibers

ChangeJustification

Too vague

EUIPN OC
Analysis

Not stated why it is too vague. It describes the content of the Group. Recognising that it
lacks certain clarity the term is not selectable as a classification term.

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Class

OriginOriginal

Change22

INPI (FR)

Tarpaulins, awnings, tents, and unfitted
coverings

Tarpaulins, awnings and tents

Justification

Too vague to define the nature or the type of "unfitted coverings"; it can also be in class 6,
17, 22, 27.

EUIPN OC
Analysis

The Taxonomy is not for classification purposes, meaning that Group Titles do not need
to be class-specific. That aside, the proposal to delete the “unfitted coverings” without
proposing anything to replace it will leave a question over where content such as “”Covers
for swimming pools”, “Groundsheets” and “Vehicle covers [unshaped]” sit within theTaxonomy.

Class

OriginOriginal

24

BOIP

Wall hangings

ChangeJustification

Add: textile.

EUIPN OC
Analysis

The Class (and therefore Group) covers “Textiles and substitutes for textiles”. It isquestionable whether adding “substitutes” would make the Group Title any clearer.
Additionally, account must be taken that the “Wall hangings” Group sits below the “Textile
goods, and substitutes for textile goods” so the qualification applies to the Group.

Class

OriginOriginal

26

BOIP

Accessories for apparel, sewing articles anddecorative textile articles

ChangeJustification"Accessories" too vague: should not be selectable.

EUIPN OC
Analysis

The Group Title describes the content of the Group – without the “accessories” wherewould the items go that are neither for sewing or decorative textile articles? The ability toselect this term is a matter that has been decided by all offices.

Class

OriginOriginal

Change28

INPI (FR)Festive decorations and artificial Christmas
trees

Artificial Christmas trees

Justification

EUIPN OC
AnalysisTaxonomy 2018

Too vague to define the nature or the type of "Festive decorations"; it can also be in class16, 20, 30, 31.
The Group Title describes the content of the Group – without “Festive decorations” wherewould the items go that are not “Christmas trees”, for example, “Christmas tree
decorations”, “Christmas stockings”, “Artificial snow”.

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Class
28

OriginOriginal

INPI (FR) Hunting and fishing equipment

ChangeDeleteJustification

Too vague to define the nature or the type of "Hunting and fishing equipment"; it can also
be in class 8, 25.

EUIPN OC
Analysis

The Taxonomy is not for classification purposes, meaning that Group Titles do not need
to be class-specific. That aside, the proposal to delete a Group without proposing
anything to replace it will leave a question over where content sits within the Taxonomy. Itshould also be remembered that the Group is qualified as being “”Sporting articles andequipment”; the content of the parent Group.

Class

Original

29

OriginINPI (FR) Oils and fats

ChangeComestible oils and fats

Justification

Too vague to define the type of "Oils and fats"; it can also be in class 3, 4.

EUIPN OC
Analysis

The Taxonomy is not for classification purposes, meaning that Group Titles do not need
to be class-specific. Additionally, the wording matches that used in the Class Heading.
This aside, the proposal to add the “comestible” (which means “edible” or an “item offood”) will still leave a question as to whether this includes content such as “”Cooking oils”
and “Cooking fats”.

Class

Original

29

OriginINPI (FR) Fish, seafood and molluscs

ChangeFish, seafood and molluscs not live

Justification

Too vague to define the type of "seafood and molluscs"; it can also be in class 31.

EUIPN OC
Analysis

The Taxonomy is not for classification purposes, meaning that Group Titles do not need
to be class-specific. Additionally, that the Nice Class Heading simply refers to “Fish” (nomention of “not live” or even mention shellfish/molluscs) doesn’t seem to create aproblem.

Class

OriginOriginal30

BOIP

Convenience food and savory snacks

ChangeJustification

Too vague.

EUIPN OC
Analysis

Not stated why it is too vague. It describes the content of the Group. Recognising that it
lacks certain clarity the term is not selectable as a classification term.

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Class

OriginOriginal

30

BOIP

Baked goods, confectionery, chocolate anddesserts

ChangeJustification

Too vague.

EUIPN OC
Analysis

Not stated why it is too vague. It describes the content of the Group. Recognising that it
lacks certain clarity the term is not selectable as a classification term.

Class

Original

31

OriginINPI (FR) Flowers

ChangeNatural flowers

Justification

Too vague to define the type of "flowers"; it can also be in class 26, 28, 30.

EUIPN OC
Analysis

The Taxonomy is not for classification purposes, meaning that Group Titles do not need
to be class-specific. This aside, the proposal to add the “natural” would be consistent with
the Group “Natural turf”. However, the Group is already qualified as “Agricultural andaquacultural crops, horticulture and forestry products” from the main group.

Class

OriginOriginal

35

BOIP

Commercial trading and consumer
information services

ChangeJustification

Too vague.

EUIPN OC
Analysis

Not stated why it is too vague. It describes the content of the Group. Recognising that it
lacks certain clarity the term is not selectable as a classification term.

Class

OriginOriginal

35

BOIP

Business assistance, management andadministrative services

ChangeJustification

We think these are different services and therefore this GT should not be selectable as aclassification term

EUIPN OC
Analysis

The Group Title describes the content of the Group. The ability to select this term is amatter that has been decided by all officesClass

OriginOriginal

35

BOIP

Retail and wholesale services

ChangeJustification

Too vague.

EUIPN OC
Analysis

Not stated why it is too vague. It describes the content of the Group. Recognising that it
lacks certain clarity the term is not selectable as a classification term.

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Class

OriginOriginal

Change36

BOIP

Loan and credit, and lease-finance services Loan and credit and lease-finance services

Justification

Comma redundant?

EUIPN OC
Analysis

The comma serves to separate two connected services; “loan” and “credit” from “leasefinance” which is a distinct service. Removing the comma would really make sense (oradd any clarity) as it would leave “Loan and credit and lease-finance services”

Class

OriginOriginal

Change36

BOIP

Financial transfers and transactions, andpayment services

Financial transfers and transactions andpayment services

Justification

Comma redundant?

EUIPN OC
Analysis

Strictly speaking the Group Title could be better worded as “Financial transfers,
transactions and payment services”. However, the comma separates “payment” from the“Financial transfers and transactions”. This enables the “payment” to cover services suchas “Payment administration” “Negotiation for the collection of cheques and bills of
payment “ which are not a Financial transfer or a transaction per se.

Class

Original

36

OriginINPI (FR) Real estate services

ChangeReal estate services (real estate agencies)

Justification

Too vague to define the type of "Real estate services".

EUIPN OC
Analysis“Real estate services” covers services relating to land or buildings”, including “real estateagency”. A “Real estate agency” is defined as “…a business that arranges the selling,
renting, or management of homes, land, and buildings for their owners”. The content goeswider than “arranging of selling, renting or management”, for example, “Landmanagement” and “Provision of finance for property development”,.

Class

Original

36

OriginINPI (FR) Card services

ChangeDebit and credit card services

Justification

Too vague to define the type of "card services".

EUIPN OC
Analysis

The content covers services such as “Charge card services”, “Automated banking
services relating to charge card transactions”, “Discount card services” which would be
excluded by the proposed Group title. The Group Title (and its content are qualified by theparent Group which reads “Financial transfers and transactions, and payment services”.

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Class
36

OriginOriginal

INPI (FR) Securities and commodities trading services

ChangeSecurities and commodities trading services(stock exchange services)

Justification

Too vague to define the type of "Securities and commodities trading services".

EUIPN OC
Analysis

A stock exchange is defined as “A market in which securities are bought and sold”.
Qualifying the services in the way proposed would exclude related services such as“Financial clearing”, “Provision of information relating to stock brokerage”, “Custodian
services for shares”.

Class

OriginOriginal

Change37

BOIP

Installation, cleaning, repair andmaintenance

None

Justification

Too vague

EUIPN OC
Analysis

Not stated why it is too vague. It describes the content of the Group. Recognising that it
lacks certain clarity the term is not selectable as a classification term.

Class

OriginOriginal

Change37

BOIP

Extermination, disinfection and pest control

Extermination, disinfection and pest control
not for agricultural purposes

Justification

add: not for agricultural purposes

EUIPN OC
Analysis

The proposal would bring the Group Title more into line with the Nice class content, but tobe exact should say “other than for agriculture, aquaculture, horticulture and forestry.”
However, negations are generally to be avoided. As “Disinfecting” is a service listed in
Nice in Class 37 the Group Title would have to avoid the “other than” applying to this, so
the proposal does not, in any event work.

Class

OriginOriginal

37

BOIP

Cleaning and care of fabric, textile, leather,
fur and goods made thereof

ChangeJustification

We think "care of" could also be a service in class 40.

EUIPN OC
Analysis“Care” means “to look after … and keep them in a good state or condition”- so to maintainin its original form. Class 40 covers the “…processing, transformation or production…” sochanging the physical characteristics. So “care” is not a term that describes services inClass 40 (the word does not appear in this class either in the HDB or Nice).

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Class

OriginOriginal

Change39

BOIP

Navigation (positioning, and route andcourse plotting)

Navigation (positioning, route and course
plotting)

Justification"And" after comma redundant?

EUIPN OC
Analysis

The word “Navigation” is defined as “the skill or process of plotting a route and directing aship, aircraft, etc, along it” (Collins). It does not obviously cover “positioning”. The “and”
serves to indicate that in this case there are two elements “position” plotting and“course/route” plotting.

Class

OriginOriginal

39

BOIP

Rescue, recovery, towing and salvage
services

ChangeJustification"Rescue" is also part of a Group Title in class 45.

EUIPN OC
Analysis

The “Rescue” in this class is below the Group “Transport” so is defined and differentiatedby this.

Class

OriginOriginal

40

BOIP

Custom manufacture and assembly
services

ChangeJustification

Too vague.

EUIPN OC
Analysis

Not stated why it is too vague. It describes the content of the Group. Recognising that it
lacks certain clarity the term is not selectable as a classification term.

Class

OriginOriginal

40

BOIP

Treatment and transformation of materials

ChangeJustification

Too vague.

EUIPN OC
Analysis

Not stated why it is too vague. It describes the content of the Group. Recognising that it
lacks certain clarity the term is not selectable as a classification term.

Class

OriginOriginal

Change40

BOIP

Printing, and photographic andcinematographic development

Printing, photographic and cinematographic
development

Justification"And" after comma redundant?

EUIPN OC
Analysis

The comma separates “Printing” from the “development”. Otherwise it would read“Printing development” alongside “Photographic and cinematographic development”.

Taxonomy 2018

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Class

OriginOriginal

Change41

BOIP

Organisation of conferences, exhibitions
and competitions

Organisation of conferences, exhibitions
and competitions other than for commercial
purposesJustification

Add: other than for commercial purposes

EUIPN OC
Analysis

Exclusions such as proposed are generally not considered an acceptable way ofdescribing Group content; they say what isn’t, not what is covered. Besides this, theGroup “Organisation of conferences, exhibitions and competitions” falls under the parent“Education, entertainment and sport services” which qualifies the content of the Group as
being for such purposes, or in other words, “other than for commercial purposes”.

Class

OriginOriginal

Change41

BOIP

Audio, video and multimedia production,and photography

Audio, video and multimedia production andphotography

Justification

Comma before "and" redundant?

EUIPN OC
Analysis

The comma separates the “Audio, video and multimedia production” from thephotography. Otherwise it would read “Audio, video and multimedia production” and“Audio, video and multimedia photography”.

Class

OriginOriginal

42

BOIP

Rental of computer hardware and facilities

ChangeJustification"Rental of (computer) facilities" too vague.

EUIPN OC
Analysis

Not stated why it is too vague. It describes the content of the Group. Recognising that it
lacks certain clarity the term is not selectable as a classification term.

Class

Original

42

OriginINPI (FR) Surveying and exploration services

ChangeDeleteJustification

Too vague to define the nature or the type of "Surveying and exploration services".

EUIPN OC
Analysis

A proposal to delete a Group without proposing anything to replace it will leave a question
over where content sits within the Taxonomy. It should also be remembered that theGroup and its content is qualified as being “Science and technology services“; the content
of the parent Group.

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Class

OriginOriginal

43

BOIP

Nurseries, day-care and elderly carefacilities

ChangeJustification"Facilities" too vague.

EUIPN OC
Analysis

Not stated why it is too vague. It describes the content of the Group. Recognising that it
lacks certain clarity the term is not selectable as a classification term.

Class

OriginOriginal

43

BOIP

Event facilities and temporary office andmeeting facilities

ChangeJustification"Facilities" too vague.

EUIPN OC
Analysis

Not stated why it is too vague. It describes the content of the Group. Recognising that it
lacks certain clarity the term is not selectable as a classification term.

Class

OriginOriginal

Change43

INPI (FR)Event facilities and temporary office andmeeting facilities

DeleteJustification

Too vague to define the nature or the type of "Event facilities and temporary office andmeeting facilities".

EUIPN OC
Analysis

A proposal to delete a Group without proposing anything to replace it will leave a question
over where content sits within the Taxonomy. It should also be remembered that theGroup and its content is qualified as being for the provision of “Temporary
accommodation“, the content of the parent Group.

Class

OriginOriginal

45

BOIP

Safety, rescue, security and enforcement
services

ChangeJustification"Rescue" is also part of a Group Title in class 39.

EUIPN OC
Analysis

The “Rescue” in Class 39 is qualified as being “Transport” by association with its parent
Group.

Class

OriginOriginal

45

BOIP

Personal and social services

ChangeJustification

Too vague.

EUIPN OC
Analysis

Not stated why it is too vague. It describes the content of the Group. Recognising that it
lacks certain clarity the term is not selectable as a classification term.

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As can be seen the proposals that have not been implemented fall into three categories ofjustification:
1. That the Group Title could be interpreted as including goods or services in other classes— also described as ‘too broad’,
2. The Group Title is ‘too vague’.
In some cases, the proposal is for the deletion of an entire Group or part of a Group without any
alternative wording being made, or proposing where the content of the Group to be deleted shouldsit. Such proposals for deletion (in whole or part) cannot be considered.
A number of proposals have been made on the basis that the Group Title:
1. Could encompass goods or services in other classes — also described as ‘too broad’,
2. Is ‘too vague’.
3. Should not be a selectable term (in TMclass)
The first two raise the question of whether Group Titles must only (and clearly) describe goods orservices that fall within the related class. The consequence of these proposals is that if Group Titles
must be class specific, there will need to be a detailed review, and the potential rewording of manyGroup Titles goes well beyond those identified.
Requiring Group Titles to be worded so as to only and clearly describe goods or services in therespective class would not only be against the principles of the Taxonomy (which separates
Taxonomy Group Titles from the classification) but also inconsistent with the HDB itself, which has
many terms that are not so qualified. In the HDB, and by extension the Taxonomy, the class number
is considered to add the necessary precision without any need for cumbersome qualifications. In theTaxonomy, each Group Title adds to the understanding of the hierarchy.
The Group Titles were created for navigating the HDB. They are not designed for the purpose ofclassification, which means that classifiability is never an issue for Group Titles. This mirrors the
purpose of the Nice Class Headings, in relation to which the General Remarks state:‘The indications of goods or services appearing in the class headings are general indications relating
to the fields to which, in principle, the goods or services belong.’
The General Remarks go on to say that for correct classification, the Alphabetical List should be
consulted.
The third basis for proposals concerns the acceptability of Group Titles as classification terms andtheir ability to be selected and used. Such proposals are not changes that are seen as required to
improve the Taxonomy and are a matter to be proposed and considered by offices within the
Harmonised Workflow.

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Unprocessed
plastics

Photographic film,
not exposed

Chemical preparations
and materials for film,
photography and printing

Sensitised paper

Filtering materials[chemical, mineral,vegetable and otherunprocessed materials]

Chemicalcompositions andmaterials for use inscience

Starches for use
in manufacturing
and industry

Chemical and organic
compositions and substances
for the treatment of leather
and textile

Unprocessed
artificial andsynthetic resins

Chemicalcompositions forwater treatment

Salts for industrial
purposes

Chemicalcompositions foruse in construction

Chemical substances,chemical materials andchemical preparations,and natural elements

Chemicalcompositions andmaterials for use in
the manufacture ofcosmetics

Growing media and Detergents for use
fertilizers, chemicals
in manufacture
for use in agriculture,and industry
horticulture andforestry

Compositions forfire extinguishingand prevention

Adhesives for use
in industry

Class 1

Fillers for vehicle
body and tyrerepairPutties, and fillers
and pastes for use
in industry
Chemical and organic
compositions for use in the
manufacture of food andbeverages

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4. Annex – visualisation of changes

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