SUGISAKAMASANORI

Journal of Advances in Artificial Life Robotics
Vol. 4(4); March (2024), pp. 236–243
ON LINE ISSN 2435-8061; ISSN-L 2435-8061
https://alife-robotics.org/jallr.html

International Journal

Advances in Artificial Life Robotics
ICAROB series
Editor-in-Chief
Masanori Sugisaka
Co-Editor-in-Chief
Takao Ito

ISSN 2435-8061
Publisher Masanori Sugisaka(Global Register of Publishes)
regstrated in Jan, 25, 1996
Handadai Higashi 2-8-4, Oita, 870-1108, Japan

Research Article

RFID-Integrated Prototype for Enhanced Shopping Experience
for the Elderly
Mastaneh Mokayef1, Muzaiyanah Binti Hidayab1, MHD Amen Summakieh1, M.K.A Ahamed Khan1, Kim Soon Chong1,
Chin Hong Wong2, Chua Huang Shen3, Abdul Qayyum4

Department of Electrical and Electronic Engineering, Faculty of Engineering Technology and Built Environment, UCSI University, Kuala Lumpur, 56000,
Malaysia
2
Maynooth International Engineering College, Fuzhou University, Fujian, China
3
Department of Electrical & Electronics Engineering, UOW Malaysia University, Utropolis Glenmarie, Shah Alam, Malaysia
4
National Heart and Lung Institute, Imperial College London, UK
1

ARTICLE INFO
Article History
Received 23 November 2023
Accepted 27 August 2024
Keywords
Smart shopping trolley
Elderly citizen
Smartphone
UM
Public health

ABSTRACT
A prototype that attempts to enhance senior citizens' weekly shopping experiences has been created as aresult of this research. Seniors no longer have to use their physical strength to push or pull the shopping cart
because the system monitors their every move. This is accomplished by estimating the user's walking
direction and distance using a variety of sensors, such as a magnetometer and gyroscope. Furthermore, WiFi
fingerprinting is used to pinpoint the user's location. Experiments have been carried out, and the system's
overall functionality and tracking accuracy have produced satisfactory results. The smart shopping trolley
concept has been designed to improve senior citizens' experience by addressing the unique challenges they
face during the regular and necessary process of grocery shopping. The goal has been to increase seniorcitizens' comfort and convenience when shopping by integrating sensor-based solutions and tracking
technologies. The successful results of the trials have confirmed the viability and efficacy of this strategy forsustainable practices in public health.
© 2022 The Author. Published by Sugisaka Masanori at ALife Robotics Corporation Ltd.
This is an open access article distributed under the CC BY-NC 4.0 license(http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0/).

technology make it simple to scan items as they are added
to the trolley. The gathered data can be sent to the counter
via ZIGBEE communication, cutting down on theamount of time people must wait in lines. Additionally,
the use of RFID technology in smart trolleys can increase
security by facilitating cashless transactions.
Recent research has focused on enhancing shopping
experiences
through
RFID-integrated
systems,
particularly for elderly individuals. These systems aim to
improve efficiency, reduce physical strain, and provide
contactless purchasing options [1]. One prototype tracks
elderly shoppers' movements using sensors and WiFi
fingerprinting, eliminating the need to push or pull
shopping trolleys [2], [3]. Another system, KONARK,
utilizes RFID-equipped carts to enable faster checkouts
and real-time purchase tracking, while also providing
valuable data on customer interests to store owners [4].
The integration of RFID and sensor networks has shownpromise in developing in-home elder healthcare systems,

1. Introduction
Shopping can be particularly challenging for seniorcitizens, especially when it involves buying groceries.
Many elderly individuals prefer to shop for themselves,
even though options like helpers and online shopping areavailable, and they rely on assistance for carrying theirbags home. The rise of the Internet of Things (IoT) andits extensive use in wireless communication is a direct
result of the growing interest in integrating different
systems, driven by technological advancements. In avariety of electronic gadgets and technologies, including
smartphones, smart cars, smartwatches, and even smart
homes, the word "smart" has grown in popularity. In
keeping with this development, the ideas of "smart
trolleys" and "smart shopping" have surfaced to offer
seniors useful assistance. Smart trolleys with RFID

Corresponding author’s E-mail: mastaneh@ucsiuniversity.edu.my, URL: https://www.ucsiuniversity.edu.my/236

addressing the needs of an aging global population [5].
These technologies offer potential solutions for
improving accessibility, reducing direct contact during
pandemics, and enhancing overall shopping experiences
for elderly consumers [1], [2], [6].
Furthermore, IoT standards must be implemented inorder for purchased items, payment systems, and datacollection to all work together successfully. Thisguarantees seamless connectivity and interoperability
between the different elements that make up thepurchasing process. The wireless telecommunicationsindustry is witnessing a sharp increase in the Internet ofThings (IoT) domain [7], [8]. Its goal is to free computersfrom direct human intervention so they can communicate
with their environment and obtain information about
objects and devices [9]. According to a report [10],Moderate data transmission speeds, low cost, andfrequency range operation between 100MHz and 5.8GHz
define Internet of Things. This development in wirelesstechnology provides consumers with an adaptable andaffordable communication option. A recent report [11],[12]. O’Neill in [13] predicted that by the year 2020,
There will be 50 billion or more internet-connected
devices, which will lead to an abundance of features.
Research into the creation of smart shopping concepts has
increased as a result of the growing need for convenient
shopping experiences and the rising demand fortechnology. Fundamental functionalities such as tracking
the user, navigating shopping routes, and preventing
collisions with obstacles are integrated into these carts.
With the use of this technology, elderly people should nolonger have to deal with the physical strain andchallenges that come with shopping, making theexperience more comfortable and joyful. One of the main
goals in the development of smart shopping trolleys has
been the advancement of autonomous navigation.
Scholars have been investigating diverse methodologies
to facilitate self-navigating smart shopping trolleys. An
automated smart cart system for contemporary shopping
malls, for instance, was showcased, along with methods
controlled by Android applications [7]. Thanks todevelopments in autonomous navigation, elderly people
can now navigate the store without using their hands
because the trolleys can now move on their own. The useof intelligent shopping carts in senior care offers anumber of significant improvements and advantages.
Other recent reports in [14], [15] describe a
microcontroller-based smart trolley system for megamalls. Instead of having to wait in line to check out,
customers can use a barcode scanner to automaticallyscan products and view running totals on an LCD display.
The significance of RFID-based trolleys is underscoredby a comprehensive analysis of 136 published papers in
Scopus, highlighting the pivotal role these technologies
play in enhancing efficiency and functionality withinvarious industries. These studies collectively emphasize
the transformative impact of RFID technology on
inventory management, supply chain logistics, andcustomer service. The integration of RFID systems introlleys has shown substantial improvements in tracking,monitoring, and managing goods, leading to streamlined
operations and reduced errors. This not only bolsters
productivity but also contributes to sustainable practices
by minimizing waste and optimizing resource allocation.
In alignment with the United Nations Sustainable
Development Goals (SDGs), particularly SDG 12(Responsible Consumption and Production), the adoptionof RFID-based trolleys promotes resource efficiency,transparency in supply chains, and sustainableconsumption patterns. By utilizing RFID technology introlleys, organizations can enhance operational efficiency
while advancing sustainable practices that align with
global objectives for responsible consumption andproduction. Fig.1 illustrates the distribution of thesepublications
in
the
last
two
decades.

Fig.1 Scopus indexed publications since 2004. (scopus
generated graph)
As depicted in Fig.1, from 2004 to 2014, there is a
gradual increase in the number of publications. Thissuggests a growing interest and research in RFID-based
smart trolleys during this period. Between 2014 and 2020,
there is a more pronounced upward trend, indicating asignificant boost in research and development activities.
The peak in 2020 suggests heightened activity or
breakthroughs in this field. After reaching a peak in 2020,
there is a sharp decline in 2021. This could be due tovarious factors such as market saturation, shifts inresearch focus, or external factors like economic
downturns. However, there is a recovery noted in 2022,
followed by a slight drop in 2023 but stabilizing in 2024.
The overall trend from 2004 to 2024 shows an increasing
trajectory, indicating that RFID-based smart trolleys havegained considerable attention over the years and continue
to be a relevant topic of research. The publications in [16],[17], [18] indicates that the use of smart trolley is an areathat is continuously evolving, with interest levels
fluctuating but generally on an upward trend. This
reflects the growing recognition of the potential
applications and importance of this technology inenhancingthe
shopping
experiencethroughtechnological innovations. The analysis suggests that theinterest in RFID-enabled smart trolleys is dynamic, withperiods of highs and lows, but an overall increasing
trajectory. This points to the growing awareness of thevalue this technology can bring in improving the237

shopping experience for consumers, as technologicaladvancements continue to shape and refine thecapabilities of these smart systems. The analysis
highlights that the field of RFID integration in smart
trolleys is one that is continuously being explored anddeveloped, with researchers and industry players
recognizing the significant impact it can have on
enhancing the shopping journey for customers. The
fluctuating, but generally rising, interest levels indicatethat this technology is gaining traction and momentum asa means to leverage technological innovations to create
more seamless and convenient shopping experiences.

functional and non-functional requirements for the smart
trolley. They then move on to system architecture design,
creating a high-level blueprint of the smart trolley system,
including both hardware and software components. The
software design follows, where algorithms are developed
for motor control, RFID tag reading, and overall system
logic. User interface design is the next step, where theresearchers create an intuitive interface for users tointeract with the trolley. Finally, a design review isconducted to ensure all components are properly
integrated and the design meets the initial requirements.
The fabrication and testing phase begins with theconstruction of a physical prototype, where the teambuilds the trolley structure and integrates all the hardware
components. They then assemble the hardware,
meticulously ensuring proper wiring and connections. A
comprehensive testing plan is developed to evaluate thefunctionality of the smart trolley. The researchers
conduct initial tests to verify motor control, RFID reading,and overall system integration, followed by user testingin real-world scenarios. The final step involves analyzing
the test results, identifying areas for improvement,
implementing necessary modifications, and re-testing thesystem to ensure all issues are resolved.

This paper presents an innovative smart shopping
trolley design. The key feature of the proposed smart
trolley is that it eliminates the need for users to physically
push or pull the cart. Instead, the smart trolley is designed
to autonomously follow the user, making the shopping
experience much easier and more convenient.
Researchers have developed a novel smart shopping cartthat addresses a common pain point - the effort required
to maneuver a traditional shopping trolley. By designing
the trolley to automatically follow the user, the team hassought to alleviate the burden on shoppers, particularly
the elderly or those with physical limitations. At the heartof this smart trolley is the capability to track the user's
movements and trajectory, and automatically adjust thetrolley's position and direction accordingly. This
innovative approach aims to enhance the overall
shopping journey, freeing up the user's hands and energy
to focus on their shopping tasks rather than the physicalexertion of pushing a cart. The introduction of this smart
shopping trolley concept represents a meaningful step
forward in improving the shopping experience throughthe integration of advanced technologies. By designing atrolley that can independently follow the user, theresearchers have sought to create a more seamless andeffortless shopping experience for consumers.

2.1. Micro Controller Unit (NodeMCU)
In this project, the main controller used is the
NodeMCU micro-controller with the integrated WiFi
module. An open-source Lua-based firmware called
NodeMCU is used for the ESP8266 WiFi SoC from
Espressif, and it features an on-module flash-based
SPIFFS file system. C programming language is used forthe implementation of the NodeMCU, simplifying its use
in IoT projects. The key reason for the selection of the
NodeMCU is its integrated WiFi module, which allows
for seamless connectivity and integration with thebroader Internet of Things (IoT) ecosystem [19], [20].
The open-source platform of the NodeMCU, which runson the Lua programming language, has been based on the
ESP8266 WiFi system-on-a-chip (SoC) from Espressif, aleading manufacturer of IoT-focused microcontrollers.
The SPIFFS (Smart Persistent File System) has beenutilized for on-module flash-based file storage on the
NodeMCU. The decision to use the NodeMCU in thisproject reflects the desire to leverage an IoT-centric
microcontroller that offers built-in WiFi capabilities,
allowing for seamless integration with various IoT
applications and services. Furthermore, the C
programming language implementation of the
NodeMCU has been found to be a user-friendly andaccessible option for developing IoT-based projects,
enabling the researchers to more efficiently architect andimplement the control systems for the smart trolley.

2. Methodology
The process of developing an RFID-based smart
shopping trolley can be broken down into three main
phases: hardware interface, design process, andfabrication and testing. In the initial hardware interface
phase, the researchers begin by carefully selecting anappropriate microcontroller, such as an Arduino or
Raspberry Pi, based on factors like processing power,
input/output capabilities, and compatibility with RFID
modules. Next, they integrate DC motors, choosing thembased on the required torque and speed for the trolley, anddesign a suitable mounting system. An H-Bridge dual
motor driver is then chosen and integrated to control the
direction and speed of the DC motors. The circuit
schematic is designed to connect the microcontroller,
motors, and H-Bridge, with the implementation of PWM
for speed control. Finally, the RFID module is integrated,ensuring proper communication with the microcontroller.
The design process phase starts with a thoroughrequirement analysis, where the team defines the

2.2. DC motor
A DC motor in use would have just two terminals.
These terminals lack polarity because their only means of238connection is a coil. Only the motor's direction willchange if the connection is reversed.

connectivity and the smartphone-based control interface
have transformed the traditional shopping trolley into a
more intelligent and user-friendly companion, enhancing
the overall shopping experience for the end-user. Yet, wedidn’t just prioritize convenience. Ensuring the safety ofboth the user and the trolley was also a priority for us. In
order to enhance the safety features of the smart shopping
trolley, an ultrasonic sensor has been integrated right at
the front of the device. This sensor is essential inpreventing mishaps and potential damage from abrupt
stops or collisions. The ultrasonic sensor detects soundwaves by bouncing them off objects and then listening forthe echoes that return. The sensor measures the distance
between the trolley and any obstacles in its path precisely
by analyzing the time it takes for the sound waves totravel and return. This enables the trolley to use thesignals it sends and receives to modify its movement andprevent any collisions. The smart shopping trolley now
combines the ease of smartphone-controlled Wi-Fi
technology with the extra security and safety features
thanks to the integration of the ultrasonic sensor. The
sensor's ability to detect and respond to obstacles in thetrolley's path ensures a secure and seamless shopping
experience for the user. With this added layer of safety,
the smart shopping trolley aims to provide users with areliable and confident shopping companion. The
integration of the ultrasonic sensor, alongside thesmartphone-controlled
Wi-Fi
functionality,has
transformed the traditional shopping trolley into a more
intelligent and user-friendly solution, effortlessly guiding
the user through the store while avoiding obstacles along
the way. In essence, this smart shopping trolley project
has been designed to enhance the overall shopping
experience by offering both convenience and safety,
giving users a sense of control and peace of mind
throughout their shopping journey. The operation ofultrasonic sensor has been shown in Fig. 2.

2.3. Inertial gyro sensor
To help us monitor rotation, we have incorporated agyroscope—a specialized sensor—into our suggested
design. The accelerometer that is integrated into thissensor is pretty smart; it measures the speed at which an
object moves in a straight line. Thus, the gyroscope
provides information on the angular rotation of the user,
whereas the accelerometer provides information on theuser's linear movement. We can precisely detect andcomprehend the user's movement by merging these two
sets of data. This sensor is ideal for our project because it
is affordable and small, which is another fantastic feature.
We wanted to make sure that the parts we selected areboth reasonably priced and functional.
2.4. H-Bridge dual motor controller L298N
The motor's current flow must be reversed in order tocontrol the direction in which the motor rotates. The mostpopular way to accomplish that is with an H-Bridge
circuit. Four switching components, either transistors or
MOSFETs, make up an H-Bridge circuit. The motor ispositioned in the middle, creating an H-shaped
arrangement. The direction of the current flow and,
consequently, the direction in which the motor rotates canbe altered by simultaneously activating two switches. The
L298N is utilized in this project as a dual H-Bridge motor
driver, enabling simultaneous control of two DC motors'
speeds and directions.
3. Design and fabrication
In the world of shopping trolleys, various types havebeen introduced over the years. However, a moreadvanced solution has been developed through thisproject - a smart shopping trolley that aims to bring
unprecedented convenience to the shopping experience.
The key innovation lies in the integration of Wi-Fi
technology, which allows users to control the shopping
trolley using their smartphone. Through a real-time WiFi connection established between the trolley's microcontroller and the user's smartphone, seamless guidance
and navigation of the trolley have been made possible.
All the user needs to do is install a dedicated app on theirsmartphone and use it to send commands to the microcontroller via the Wi-Fi signal. This effortless interaction
between the user and the trolley is akin to having apersonal assistant catering to one's shopping needs.
Imagine the ease of simply tapping a few buttons on yourphone to direct the trolley to your desired destination
within the store. This level of control and conveniencehas been made a reality through the technologicaladvancements incorporated into this smart shopping
trolley project. The seamless integration of Wi-Fi

Fig.2 Obstacle detection via ultrasonic sensor
Fig. 2 depicts the working principle of an ultrasonicsensor used for obstacle detection. The key componentsof this system are the transmitter and the receiver. The
transmitter, a small rectangular device with a red dot, is
responsible for emitting ultrasonic waves, represented by
the curved lines radiating outward. As these waves
encounter an obstacle, such as an object or another entity,239

they bounce back, creating a reflected wave or echo,
which is then detected by the receiver - another small
rectangular device similar to the transmitter. The
reflected waves, shown as dotted lines returning to thesensor, symbolize the ultrasonic waves bouncing off theobject and reaching the receiver. By measuring the time
it takes for the waves to travel and return, the sensor canaccurately determine the distance between the device andthe obstacle, as indicated by the markings on thehorizontal line. This seamless integration of sound wave
transmission, reflection, and distance calculation allows
the ultrasonic sensor to detect and respond to any
obstacles in its path, enabling the system to adapt andnavigate accordingly.
In order to properly integrate the ultrasonic sensor into
the shopping trolley, the necessary electrical connections
must be established. This involves connecting the power
supply (VCC) and ground (GND) pins of the sensor to a
5V power source, ensuring the sensor receives therequired power. Additionally, the trigger input (Trig) pin
is linked to a digital output on the trolley's
microcontroller, which is responsible for initiating theultrasonic wave transmission. Correspondingly, the echo
(Echo) pin is connected to a digital input on the
microcontroller, allowing it to detect and process thereflected ultrasonic waves. This integration of thesensor's power, trigger, and echo connections with thetrolley's microcontroller enables the seamless operationof the obstacle detection system, allowing the trolley toadapt its movement and ensure a safe shopping
experience for the user.
A particular method is used to calculate the exact
distance between the shopping trolley and any obstacles
that are detected. This entails briefly pulsing theultrasonic sensor's trigger pin to a high level, usually forten microseconds. The system then waits for a high-levelsignal to be detected on the echo pin following this trigger
pulse. The time it takes for ultrasonic sound waves tomove from the sensor to the obstruction and back again
is represented by the duration of this high-level echo
signal. The system can precisely calculate how close thetrolley is to the identified obstacle by examining this
response time and the length of the echo signal. The
trolley's ability to measure distance enables it to detectand steer clear of obstacles, providing users with aseamless and safe shopping experience. Here's how to
calculate the distance:
𝐷𝐷 = 𝑇𝑇 × 𝜗𝜗 = 𝑇𝑇 × 0.034𝑐𝑐𝑐𝑐/µ𝑠𝑠

Fig.3 Schematic creation for the envisioned
trolley
The Node MCU, which is well-known for its 16-bit
RSIC and energy efficiency, is used as a controller
because of its convenient WiFi module and integrated
ESP-12, which simplify the control procedure. The CPU
clock speed of the ESP-12 is 80MHz, with a maximum
value of 160MHz possible. The DC motors are connectedto the microcontroller via the L298N motor controller. A
9V battery is used in parallel to power the microcontroller
and the L298N motor controller. The movements of thetrolley are defined by the programming of the controller,
as shown in Table 1.
Table1: Motor control instruction
Motor Movement
Turn right
Turn Left
ForwardBackward

Right moto
NA
High
Low
High

Left motor
High
NA
High
Low

The control commands are transmitted to themicrocontroller via the application developed using the
MIT App Inventor. The block functionality of thedesigned application is illustrated in Fig. 4. The
underlying working principles of an ultrasonic sensor
deployed for the purpose of obstacle detection are herein
expounded upon. A detailed dissection of the system's
constituent elements is warranted to elucidate the sensor's
modus operandi. The component responsible for emitting
the ultrasonic waves is identified as the transmitter,depicted as a compact, rectangular device with aprominent red dot, ostensibly denoting the point of soundemission. These outward-traveling waves, represented by
the curved lines emanating from the transmitter,
constitute the original sound impulses. When these waves
encounter an object, or obstacle, in their path - in this case,a dark gray cubic form - they are reflected, generating theechoed waves illustrated by the dotted lines returning to
the sensor. The receiver, a complementary compact(1)

Where D is a distance , T is a time and ϑ is the speed ofsound.
The prototype layout is illustrated in Fig. 3. As depictedin this diagram, the microcontroller unit, two motors,
motor controller, and ultrasonic sensor, areinterconnected as the primary elements of our suggested
configuration.
240

4. Conclusion and Future Work

rectangular component akin to the transmitter, is tasked
with the detection of these reflected waves.

A smart shopping cart specifically designed forsenior care has been successfully designed,
manufactured, and tested. The outcomes have been
extremely satisfying, proving that the suggested
solution is effective. With the use of cutting-edge
technology, the smart trolley can identify the gait
patterns of senior citizens and follow them on its own.
This eliminates the need for users to push or pull thetrolley physically, making shopping more
comfortable and convenient. It has been determinedthat there is room for future development andexpansion of the smart shopping trolley. The
incorporation of GPS technology is one potential areaof future investigation. Instead of being restricted toindoor use, the GPS-enabled trolley can precisely
determine its location both indoors and outdoors,
simplifying user navigation and facilitating thetrolley's return to its initial position. With thisimprovement, users would have even more flexibility
and convenience, which would improve theeffectiveness and enjoyment of their shopping trips.
To sum up, the intelligent shopping cart designed forsenior care has demonstrated encouraging outcomes,
providing a convenient and support-oriented methodof shopping. Future versions of the trolley could
benefit from the addition of GPS technology, which
would increase its adaptability and functionality andgive senior shoppers a more comfortable andseamless shopping experienceFig.4 The controlling function block of the app
The construction of the suggested prototype is depicted
in Fig. 5.

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Authors Introduction
Dr. Mastaneh Mokayef
She holds a PhD from WCC at UTM,
Malaysia. She is serving as an
Assistant. Prof. at UCSI University.
She is a member of IET She received
the Global Distinguished Young
Scientists Award from IEEE IAS
2023.

Ms. Muzaiyanah Hidayab
She completed the bachelor degreefrom UKM in 2009. Her researchinterests
includesArtificial
Intelligent and microcontroller
system design.

Mr. MHD Amen Summakieh
He earned a B.Eng. degree (Hons.)
and his master’s degree incommunication and electronics
engineering from UCSI University,and MMU respectively. he is anIEEE HKN member.

Dr. M. KA. Ahamed Khan
He completed his B.Eng studies inElectronics and Communication
Engineering and pursued studies inElectronics and Control Engineeringin India. He later received a Diploma
in Drives and Controls from Woo
Sun in Korea in 2014. His academic
journey culminated in a Ph.D.
program in the United States in
Robotics, Power Electronics, and Controls. He is
acknowledged as a Professional Engineer (PEng) in the
USA and holds the designation of a Chartered Engineer(CEng) in the UK. Moreover, he is a Senior member of theIEEE in the USA and a member of MIET in the UK.

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Dr. Kim Soon Chong

He earned his Bachelor ofEngineering, Master of Science, andDoctor of Philosophy degrees inelectrical and electronic engineeringfrom UKM in 2012, 2015, and 2019,respectively. Presently, he holds the
position of Assistant Professor in the
DepartmentofComputerEngineering (Artificial Intelligence)
at UCSI Kuala Lumpur, situated within the Faculty ofEngineering Technology and Built Environment. His
research centers on fields like medical signal processing
and instrumentation.
Dr. Chin Hong Wong

He works as a Lecturer at MaynoothInternational Engineering College
at Fuzhou University in China. His
doctoral degree in Electrical andElectronic
Engineering
wasobtained from USM in 2017. His
research pursuits primarily revolvearound energy harvesting andcontrol systems.

Mr. Chua Huang Shen (Mason)
He has dedicated the majority ofhis professional career to UOWMalaysia KDU, where he currently
holds the position of SeniorLecturer in Electronics andElectrical Engineering with a keen
focus on embedded systems,
renewable energy, and bio-energy.
He obtained his academic
foundationfromesteemed
institutions, earning a Master of Science from the
University of Belfast in 2004 and, previously, a BEng
(Hons) in Electronics and Control Systems from the
University of Liverpool John Moore in 2002. Currently, heis actively engaged in pursuing a Ph.D. in engineering from
Universiti Tunku Abdul Rahman (UTAR), further
enriching his knowledge and expertise.
Dr. Abdul Qayyum

He obtained his Ph.D. in Electricaland Electronics Engineering from
UTP, Malaysia. His doctoral work
focused on developing deeplearning algorithms for estimating
the depth of vegetation and trees
near power lines for TNB and SESB
under KeTTHA Malaysia. Prior tothis, he completed his bachelor's
degree in computer engineering and a Master's inElectronic Engineering in Pakistan. Currently, he serves asa Postdoctoral Researcher at Burgundy University inFrance, where his research involves utilizing deep learningtechniques for analyzing cardiac MRI images.

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