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iiBibliography[1] Adobe Systems Inc. (Glenn C. Reid). PostScript Language Program Design. Addison-Wesley, Reading, MA, 1988.
This so-called “Green Book” introduces programming techniques for designing eﬃcient PostScript programswith the help of examples in the areas of typesetting text, constructing graphics, writing calculators, debugging programs, etc. These directly usable examples accomplish specific practical tasks and have been carefully
designed and debugged to show in detail how the language works. Each of the fifteen chapters addresses a specific aspect of top-to-bottom program design or problem solving and contains some useful advice. Available
electronically fromhttp://partners.adobe.com/public/developer/ps/sdk/sample/index_psbooks.html[2] Adobe Systems Inc. PostScript Language Tutorial and Cookbook. Addison-Wesley,
Reading, MA, 1985.
This so-called “Blue Book” has a Tutorial section with numerous annotated examples and short programs,
and a Cookbook section which is a collection of useful techniques and procedures for the PostScript language.
Available electronically fromhttp://partners.adobe.com/public/developer/ps/sdk/sample/index_psbooks.html[3] Adobe Systems Inc. “Encapsulated PostScript File Format Specification (Version3.0)”. Technical Note 5002, 1992.
This technical note details the Encapsulated PostScript file (EPSF) format, a standard format for importingand exporting PostScript language files among applications in a variety of heterogeneous environments. The
EPSF format is based on and conforms to the document structuring conventions (DSC) [4].
http://partners.adobe.com/public/developer/en/ps/5002.EPSF_Spec.pdf[4] Adobe Systems Inc. “PostScript Document Structuring Conventions Specification(Version 3.0)”. Technical Note 5001, 1992.
This technical note defines a standard set of document structuring conventions (DSC), which will help ensurethat a PostScript document is device independent. DSC allows PostScript language programs to communicate
their document structure and printing requirements to document managers in a way that does not aﬀect the
PostScript language page description.
http://partners.adobe.com/public/developer/en/ps/5001.DSC_Spec.pdf

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BIBLIOGRAPHY[5] Adobe Systems Inc. PostScript Language Reference Manual, Third Edition. Addison-Wesley, Reading, MA, 1999.
This so-called “Red Book” describes the syntax and semantics of the complete PostScript language. The book
documents the imaging model and the graphics, fonts, device, and rendering operators. Available electronically fromhttp://www.adobe.com/products/postscript/pdfs/PLRM.pdf[6] Adobe Systems Inc. PDF Reference (Version 1.6), Fifth Edition. Addison-Wesley,
Reading, MA, 2005.
This is the specification of Adobe’s Portable Document Format (PDF). The book introduces and explains all
aspects of the PDF format, including its architecture and imaging model (allowing transparency and opacity
for text, images, and graphics), the command syntax, the graphics operators, fonts, and rendering, and therelation between PostScript and PDF.
http://partners.adobe.com/public/developer/en/pdf/PDFReference16.pdf[7] Alfred V. Aho, Monica S. Lam, Ravi Sethi, and Jeﬀrey D. Ullman. Compilers:
Principles, Techniques and Tools, Second Edition. Addison-Wesley, Reading, MA,
2007.
This book is the standard reference about compiler construction and is widely regarded as the classic definitive
compiler technology text. It not only provides a thorough introduction to compiler design but it also shows
how to apply compiler technology to a broad range of problems in software design and development. Thissecond edition includes the most recent developments in compiling. See also
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Compilers:_Principles,_Techniques_and_Tools[8] Dwight Aplevich. “Circuit_macros”. MAPS, 31:19–24, 2005.
This article describes macros for drawing electrical circuits.

On CTAN at: graphics/circuit_macros[9] Wolfgang Appelt. “Typesetting chess”. TUGboat, 9(3):284–287, 1988.
This article describes how TEX can be used to typeset chess games and chess diagrams.
http://www.tug.org/TUGboat/Articles/tb09-3/tb22appelt.pdf[10] Gustavo S. Bustamante Argañaraz. makecirc: A
circuit diagrams drawing.

 library for electrical

This manual is the documentation of makecirk, alibrary containing diverse symbols for use in(electric) circuit diagrams. The system can be easily integrated in LATEX documents and combined with otherdrawings and graphics.
On CTAN at: graphics/metapost/contrib/macros/makecirc/MakeCirc-en.pdf



[11] Jon Bentley and Brian Kernighan. “Grap — a language for typesetting graphs”.
Computing Science Technical Report 114, AT&T Bell Laboratories, Murray Hill, NJ,
1984.
Grap is a language for describing graphical displays of data. It provides automatic scaling, labeling of axes,
some programming constructs, and a macro facility. It is intended primarily for including graphs in documents prepared for the Unix operating system. Document available electronically as:
http://cm.bell-labs.com/cm/cs/cstr/114.ps.gz[12] Piotr Bolek. “This article presents and patterns”. TUGboat, 19(3):276–283, 1998.
 macros for defining and using patterns.

http://www.tug.org/TUGboat/Articles/tb19-3/tb60bolek.pdf
On CTAN at: graphics/metapost/contrib/macros/mpattern[13] Anne Brüggemann-Klein and Derrick Wood. “Drawing trees nicely with TEX”.
Electronic publishing — origin, dissemination and design, 2(2), 1989.
This article describes a solution to the tree-drawing problem that integrates an excellent tree-drawing algorithm implemented as a TEX package (TreeTEX). Also available on pages 185–206 of [18].

[14] Włodzimierz Bzyl. “The Tao of fonts”. TUGboat, 23(1):27–40, 2002.



This article presents a new technique for creating fonts. It is based on, and is able to produce
Type 1 and Type 3 fonts.
http://www.tug.org/TUGboat/Articles/tb23-1/bzyl.pdf

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BIBLIOGRAPHY[15] David Carlisle. “Packages in the “graphics” bundle (The LATEX3 Project)”, 2006.
Part of the LATEX distribution, the documentation describes a collection of LaTeX packages for: producing
color, including graphics (e.g., PostScript) files and how to rotate and scale objects.
On CTAN at: latex/required/graphics/grfguide.pdf[16] Bill Casselman. Mathematical Illustrations. A manual of geometry and PostScript.
Cambridge University Press, Cambridge, United Kingdom, 2005.
This book shows how to use PostScript for producing mathematical graphics at several levels of sophistication. It discusses some of the mathematics involved in computer graphics and gives some hints about goodstyle in mathematical illustration. After providing a short introduction to the basic features of the PostScript
language, the author describes several 2-D and 3-D graphics techniques and algorithms. The appendices deal
with more technical matters (see http://www.ams.org/notices/200701/rev-roegel.pdf for a detailed review).
http://www.math.ubc.ca/~cass/graphics/manual/[17] Adrian F. Clark. “Halftone Output from TEX”. TUGboat, 8(3):270–274, 1987.
This article presents results that the author obtained while doing experiments with halftone production on an
early laser printer device.
http://www.tug.org/TUGboat/Articles/tb08-3/tb19clark.pdf[18] Malcolm Clark, editor. TEX Applications, Uses, Methods. Ellis Horwood, Chichester, 1990.
Papers from the 1988 TEXeter Conference.

[19] Pierre Duplan, Roger Jauneau, and Jean-Pierre Jauneau. Maquette et mise en page,
Fifth Edition. Electre - Éditions du Cercle de la Librarie, Paris, 2004.
This book (in French) presents the results of an analysis by the authors of the layout of over 400 documents—
on paper as well as on screen. From this study they derive a set of fundamental rules for making a graphicalcomposition look well balanced geometrically and color-wise. The importance of fully integrating image andtext is emphasized. When designing for the Internet its space- and timeless communication aspects should befully integrated from the start.

[20] Hagen Eck and Sepp Küblbeck. “Generating Feynman graphs and amplitudes with
FeynArts 3”. Computer Physics Communications, 140:418–431, 2001.
This article describes FeynArts (http://www.feynarts.de/), a Mathematica package that can be used forthe generation and visualization of Feynman diagrams and amplitudes. The main features of version 3 are:generation of diagrams at three levels, user-definable model files, support for supersymmetric models, andpublication-quality Feynman diagrams in PostScript or LaTeX.
http://arxiv.org/abs/hep-ph/0012260[21] Philippe Esperet and Denis Girou. “Coloriage du pavage dit « de Truchet »”.
Cahiers GUTenberg, 31:5–18, 1998.
This article presents the results of a contest to solve an algorithmic problem on tiling of a plane. A presentation of the main answers received is followed by an implementation of the algorithms inandPSTricks.
http://www.gutenberg.eu.org/pub/GUTenberg/publicationsPDF/31-girou.pdf



[22] James D. Foley, Andries van Dam, Steven K. Feiner, and John F. Hughes. Computer
Graphics, Principles and Practice, Second Edition. Addison-Wesley, Reading, MA,
1990.
This standard reference work is one of the most comprehensive and authoritative in the field of computer
graphics. Current concepts as well as practical applications are dealt with. The text also provides a thoroughpresentation of the mathematical principles of geometric transformations and viewing. Lecture notes on computer graphics are available from van Dam’s web site
http://www.cs.brown.edu/courses/cs123/lectures.shtml[23] Shinsaku Fujita and Nobuya Tanaka. “XΥMTEX (Version 2.00) as Implementation of
the XΥM Notation and the XΥM Markup Language”. TUGboat, 21(1):7–14, 2000.
This article presents some of the new features added in versions 1.01 and 2 of XΥMTEX. Version 2 implements
the XΥM notation, a linear notation for representing organic structures. The XΥM notation removes layout databy virtue of the newly introduced concepts of yl-function, substitution derivation, atom derivation, and bondderivation. The article also describes the XΥMML markup language. It shows how XΥMML markup can be used
for representing organic structures and how it translates into the XΥM notation, which, in turn, can be typeset
with XΥMTEX.
http://www.tug.org/TUGboat/Articles/tb21-1/tb66fuji.pdf

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BIBLIOGRAPHY[24] Shinsaku Fujita and Nobuya Tanaka. “Size reduction of chemical structural
formulas in XΥMTEX (Version 3.00)”. TUGboat, 22(4):285–289, 2001.

This article shows how XΥMTEX system (Version 3.00) provides a method for permitting the size reduction of
structural formulas within the scope of the LATEX picture environment and the epic package.
http://www.tug.org/TUGboat/Articles/tb22-4/tb72fuji.pdf[25] Shinsaku Fujita. “XΥMTEX for drawing chemical structural formulas”. TUGboat,
16(1):80–88, 1995.
This article introduces XΥMTEX, a package consisting of a set of LATEX style files. The package has been developed for drawing a wide variety of chemical structural formulas. Its commands oﬀer an ensemble of systematic arguments for specifying substituents and their positions, endocyclic double bonds, and bond patterns.
In some cases, they have an additional argument for specifying hetero-atoms on the vertices of heterocycles. As a result of this systematic feature, XΥMTEX fits perfectly well in the device-independent concept of
TEX.
http://www.tug.org/TUGboat/Articles/tb16-1/tb46fuji.pdf[26] Shinsaku Fujita. “XΥMTEX: a macro package for typesetting chemical structural
formulas”, 2006.
The manual of successive XΥMTEX versions as well as information about the latest developments are available
from the URL
http://imt.chem.kit.ac.jp/fujita/fujitas3/xymtex/indexe.html[27] Federico Garcia. “On musical typesetting: Sonata for TEX andTUGboat, 24(2):169–182, 2003.

 , Op. 2”.

In this article the author explains why he thinks that existing typesetting systems for music cannot cope withseveral aspects of music compostion, such as new music and its non-standard representation, musicology,
which needs some parts of a score to be circled, highlighted, tied together, etc. He first details the nature ofmusical typesetting with the problem of horizontal spacing, line breaking, and the use of glue. He then shows
how his program TEXmuse deals with the challenges mentioned and ends with a description of its implementation.
http://www.tug.org/TUGboat/Articles/tb24-2/tb77garcia.pdf[28] Hubert Gäßlein and Rolf Niepraschk. The pict2e - package, 2004.
This new package extends the existing LATEX picture environment, using the familiar technique of driver
files.
On CTAN at: macros/latex/contrib/pict2e/[29] Frans Gerritsen. Evolution in Color. Schiﬀer Publishing Ltd, West Chester, PA,
1988.
This book is an overview of the theory of color from antiquity to the present. Thanks to its many illustrations
the book clearly explains how the concept of color perception evolved over the ages. More information on
color is on Bruce MacEvoy’s Web page (http://www.handprint.com/HP/WCL/wcolor.html) or Charles
Poynton’s color Web page (http://www.poynton.com/ColorFAQ.html).

[30] Ovidiu Gheorghieş. “An Introduction to MetaUML: Exquisite UML Diagrams in”. MAPS, 32:2–15, 2005.



This article provides an introduction to the MetaUML package, afor drawing UML diagrams.
On CTAN at: graphics/metapost/contrib/macros/metauml[31] Denis Girou. pst-fill—A PSTricks package for filling and tiling, 2006.
This is the documentation of a PSTricks-based package for filling and tiling areas or characters.
On CTAN at: graphics/pstricks/contrib/pst-fill/[32] Luís Nobre Gonçalves. “FEATPOST and a Review of 3D  Packages”.
volume 3130 of Lecture Notes in computer Science, pp. 112–124. Springer-Verlag,
Berlin, Germany / Heidelberg, Germany / London, UK / etc., 2004.



This article is a description of FEATPOST, a
package for 3-D graphics.
On CTAN at: graphics/metapost/contrib/macros/featpost/doc[33] Luís Nobre Gonçalves. “FEATPOST macros”, 2004.
Manual of the

FEATPOST macros for 3-D graphics.
On CTAN at: graphics/metapost/contrib/macros/featpost/latex/macroMan.texiich-end.tex,v: 1.24
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BIBLIOGRAPHY[34] Michel Goossens and Eric van Herwijnen. “The elementary Particle Entity Notation (PEN) scheme”. TUGboat, 13(2):201–207, 1992.
This article introduces a scheme for marking up elementary particle names in LATEX and SGML. The scheme
assures the typographic correctness of the printed symbols. It also allows automatic extraction of information
about the entities used in the text.
http://www.tug.org/TUGboat/Articles/tb13-2/tb35goossens.pdf[35] Michel Goossens, Sebastian Rahtz, Eitan M. Gurai, Ross Moore, and Robert S.
Sutor. The LATEX Web Companion: Integrating TEX, HTML, and XML. AddisonWesley, Reading, MA, 1999.
This book teaches (scientific) authors how to publish on the Web or other hypertext presentation systems,
building on their experience with LATEX and taking into account their specific needs in fields such as mathematics, non-European languages, and algorithmic graphics. The book explains how to make full use of the
Adobe Acrobat format from LATEX, convert legacy documents to HTML or XML, make use of math in Web
applications, use LATEX as a tool in preparing Web pages, read and write simple XML/SGML, and produce
high-quality printed pages from Web-hosted XML or HTML pages using TEX or PDF.

[36] Michel Goossens and Vesa Sivunen. “LATEX, SVG, Fonts”. TUGboat, 22(4):269–280,
2001.
This article gives a short overview of SVG and points out its advantages for describing in a portable way thegraphics content of electronic documents. The conversion of Type 1 font instances into SVG outlines is described, and it is shown how these SVG font glyphs can be used in SVG instances of documents typeset with
TEX.
http://www.tug.org/TUGboat/Articles/tb22-4/tb72goos.pdf[37] Timothy G. Greenwood. “International cultural diﬀerences in software”. Digital
Technical Journal, 5(16):8–20, 1993.
Throughout the world, computer users approach a computer system with a specific set of cultural requirements. In all cultures, they expect computer systems to accommodate their needs, including when interactingwith computers through written language where culture influences the way computer systems must operate.
The article gives examples of various national conventions for the presentation of date, time, and numbers.
It then explains how the design of an adequate user interface must take into account these conventions in theway it uses images, color, sound, and in the overall layout of the screen. The author concludes that successful
computer systems must respond to the multicultural needs of users.
http://www.hpl.hp.com/hpjournal/dtj/vol5num3/vol5num3art1.pdf[38] Branko Grünbaum and Geoﬀrey Sheppard. Tilings and Patterns. W.H. Freeman,
New York, 1987.
This is the definitive book on ways to tile the two-dimensional plane. The authors treat well-known periodic
tilings such as those in a bathroom, the patterns of bricks on walls, or the wonderful geometries created byIslamic artists. They also describe aperiodic tilings, such as Penrose tiles, which use a five-way symmetry tocover the plane without ever repeating; Amman constructs using a four-way plan to define tiles that forevercreate new patterns; and spiral tiles, which are perfectly regular, but diﬀerent at every scale. For more on
tilings see:
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Category:Tiling[39] Eitan M Gurari. TEX and LATEX: Drawing and Literate Programming. McGraw-Hill,
New York, 1994.
This book describes device-independent tools for drawing figures with (LA)TEX. Supported are drawing basic
shapes, such as lines, rectangles and Bézier curves, as well as utilities for producing more complex graphs,
such as charts and diagrams. Also described are packages that allow (LA)TEX to support literate programming.

[40] Eckhart Guthörlein. “Object-Oriented Graphics with MetaObj”. MAPS, 31:77–86,
2005.
This article is an introduction to the package, and provides some interesting examples.

[41] Roswitha T. Haas and Kevin C. O’Kane. “Typesetting chemical structure formulaswith the text formatter TEX/LATEX”. Computers and Chemistry, 11(4):251–271, 1987.
This article describes how to incorporate chemical structure diagrams into compuscripts prepared with LATEX.
With the help of some 30 LATEX macros it is easy to typeset common structural fragments such as branchingpatterns and alicyclic and heterocyclic rings. These macros permit optional substituents and multiple bonds.
Fragments from diﬀerent macros can be combined.

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BIBLIOGRAPHY[42] Hans Hagen. “Pretty printing TEX, MetaPost, Perl and JavaScript”. MAPS, 20:286–
289, 1998.
This article explains that, although one has to use CWEB-like environments for real pretty printing of sources,
TEX can also do a rather good job. CONTEXT’s verbatim environment has pretty printing built in, and either
specific colors or fonts can be used.
http://www.ntg.nl/maps/pdf/20_43.pdf[43] Hans Hagen. metafun, 2002.



This is the metafun manual. The metafun system provides an interface between
and TEX.
The required TEX macros are included in CONTEXT, and thecode comes with metafun.
definitions can be easily integrated in TEX code, thus adding large graphThanks to metafun,
ics capabilities to TEX. Available electronically fromhttp://www.pragma-ade.com/general/manuals/metafun-p.pdf





[44] J. Hagen and A. F. Otten. “PPCHTEX: typesetting chemical formulas in TEX”.
TUGboat, 17(1):54–66, 1996.
This article describes PPCHTEX, a package for typesetting chemical formulas with a multi-lingual interface. The manual is at the URL http://www.pragma-ade.com/general/manuals/mp-ch-en.pdf. The
package can use PICTEX or PSTricks, is compatible with other macro packages, and falls back on a few genericcontext modules. It supports typesetting chemical structure formulas like six-rings at diﬀerent sizes, parts ofwhich can be reused. It also can deal with reaction mechanisms.
http://www.tug.org/TUGboat/Articles/tb17-1/tb50hage.pdf[45] Brian Hamilton Kelly. “Some macros to draw crosswords”. TUGboat, 11(1):103–
119, 1990.
This is a description of a package to typeset crossword diagrams.
http://www.tug.org/TUGboat/Articles/tb11-1/tb27kelly.pdf[46] Andy Hammerlindl, John Bowman, and Tom Prince. Asymptote, 2005. Version
0.76.
The manual of the Asymptote system, a system similar to, is available electronically fromhttp://asymptote.sourceforge.net[47] John D. Hobby. “A user’s manual for ”. Computing Science Technical
Report 162, AT&T Bell Laboratories, 1992.

  The
system implements a picture-drawing language very much like Knuth’s
except that it outputs PostScript commands instead of bitmaps.
is a powerful language for
producing figures for documents targetted to PostScript output devices. It provides easy access to all featuresof PostScript and it includes facilities for integrating text and graphics. The appendix of this user’s manualand. The document is available electronicallyexplains the diﬀerences betweenas:http://cm.bell-labs.com/cm/cs/cstr/162.ps.gz

  [48] John D. Hobby. “Drawing graphs with ”. Computing Science
Technical Report 164, AT&T Bell Laboratories, 1993.



This report describes a graph-drawing package that has been implemented as an extension to thegraphics language, which has a powerful macro facility for implementing such extensions. A few
new language features to support the graph macros are introduced. The proposed features for generating andmanipulating pictures allow the user to perform actions that would be diﬃcult to achieve in a stand-alone
package. The document is available electronically as:
http://cm.bell-labs.com/cm/cs/cstr/164.ps.gz

[49] Alan Hoenig. TEX Unbound: Strategies for Fonts, Graphics, and More. Oxford
University Press, New York, 1998.
This book describes how to produce good typography with LATEX, in particular how to set up and make properuse of PostScript fonts, and create high-quality graphics illustrations with TEX-friendly methods. It contains
many examples and summaries of procedures to follow. The book starts with a good overview of TEX, LATEX,, and, explaining how they all fit together. The second part of the book describes TEX’s font mechanisms. The author does not limit himself to a description of how to set up a standard
font family, but includes a lot of more advanced material. Examples included are using special eﬀect fonts,
specifying font families that contain alternate character sets or symbols, integrating high-quality commercial
fonts, and typesetting mathematics with fonts other than the original TEXfonts (there is a 30-page overview
on how to combine available mathematics font families with various often-used typefaces). The final part of  

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the book discusses graphics applications, in particular
mfpic.

  , , PSTricks, PICTEX, and[50] Jan Holeček and Petr Sojka. “Animations in pdfTEX-generated PDF: A new methodfor directly embedding animation into PDF”. volume 3130 of Lecture Notes incomputer Science, pp. 179–191. Springer-Verlag, Berlin, Germany / Heidelberg,
Germany / London, UK / etc., 2004.
This article describes a method for producing real animations within a PDF file.

[51] Andrew D. Hwang. “ePiX: A utility for creating mathematically accurate figures”.
TUGboat, 25(2):172–176, 2004.
This article describes ePiX, a collection of command line utilities for creating mathematically accurate, logically structured, camera-quality 2- and 3-dimensional figures and animations in LATEX. ePiX provides a bridge
between the powerful numerical capabilities of C++ and the high-quality typesetting of LATEX.
http://www.tug.org/TUGboat/Articles/tb25-2/tb81hwang.pdf[52] International Organization for Standardization, Geneva, Switzerland. Quantities
and Units (Parts 0 to 13), 1992. International Standard ISO 31-0:1992.
Part 0: General principles (1992, Amd 1:1998, Amd 2:2005); Part 1: Space and time (1992, Amd 1:1998); Part
2: Periodic and related phenomena (1992, Amd 1:1998); Part 3: Mechanics (1992, Amd 1:1998); Part 4: Heat
(1992, Amd 1:1998); Part 5: Electricity and magnetism (1992, Amd 1:1998); Part 6: Light and related electromagnetic (1992, Amd 1:1998); Part 7: Acoustics (1992, Amd 1:1998); Part 8: Physical chemistry and molecular(1992, Amd 1:1998); Part 9: Atomic and nuclear physics (1992, Amd 1:1998); Part 10: Nuclear reactions andionizing (1992, Amd 1:1998); Part 11: Mathematical signs and symbols for for use in the physical sciences
and technology (1992, Amd 1:1998); Part 12: Characteristic numbers (1992, Amd 1:1998); Part 13: Solid statephysics (1992, Amd 1:1998).

[53] International Organization for Standardization, Geneva, Switzerland. SI Units andRecommendations for the Use of their Multiples and of Certain Other Units, 1992.
International Standard ISO 1000:1992.
[54] International Organization for Standardization, Geneva, Switzerland. Information
Technology—Computer graphics – Metafile for the Storage and Transfer of Picture
Description Information, 1999. International Standard ISO 8632:1999.
Part 1: Functional specification (1999, Cor 1:2006); Part 2: Character Encoding (1999); Part 3: Binary encoding(1999); Part 4: Clear text encoding (1999). In part freely downloadable fromhttp://isotc.iso.org/
livelink/livelink/fetch/2000/2489/Ittf_Home/PubliclyAvailableStandards.htm[55] International Union of Pure and Applied Chemistry. Nomenclature of Organic
Chemistry. Pergamon, Oxford, 1979.
Many recommendations on organic and biochemical nomenclature, symbols and terminology, etc. are available at the IUPAP Web site:
http://www.chem.qmul.ac.uk/iupac/[56] International Union of Pure and Applied Physics. “Symbols, units, nomenclatureand fundamental constants in physics”. Physica, 146A:1–67, 1987.
Information is available on the IUPAP Web site (www.iupap.org). The IUPAP Report number is 25. For thelatest on the values of fundamental constants consult the NIST website:
http://physics.nist.gov/cuu/Constants[57] Johannes Itten. The Art of Color: The Subjective Experience and Objective Rationale of Color. Wiley, New York, 1974.
The author introduces two approaches to understanding the art of color. Subjective feelings and objective
color principles are described in detail and clarified by color reproductions.

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BIBLIOGRAPHY[58] Bogusław Jackowski. “A
1995.

 -eps interface”. TUGboat, 16(4):388–395,  This article explains that one of the best features of the TEX/
system is its openness, i.e., its capability of collaboration with other systems. This is illustrated by presenting a-to-PostScript
kernel with the necessary definitions for translating the deinterface, mftoeps, based on ascription of graphic objects fromto PostScript. The PostScript output code is written to a filefrom which it can be extracted. Two utilities that address the task of further manipulation ofgraphics objects in PostScript are described.
http://www.tug.org/TUGboat/Articles/tb16-4/tb49jack.pdf

        [59] Laura E. Jackson and Herbert Voß. “Die mathematischen Funktionen von PostScript”. Die TEXnische Komödie, 1/02:40–47, 2002.
This article summerizes all PostScript functions that can be used to calculate mathematical expressions andcan be used with the \psplot macro from the PSTricks package bundle.

[60] Laura E. Jackson and Herbert Voß. “Die plot-funktionen von pst-plot”. Die
TEXnische Komödie, 2/02:27–34, 2002.
This article describes the use of the plotting macros of pst-plot from the PSTricks package bundle. It gives
examples for plotting mathematical functions and external data files that can be read by a special macro.

[61] Richard Jackson, Lindsay MacDonald, and Ken Freeman. Computer Generated
Color: A Practical Guide to Presentation and Display. Wiley, New York, 1994.
This book oﬀers practical advice on how to use color eﬀectively for presentation on computer screens and forprinting on paper.

[62] François Jalbert. “MuTEX user’s guide”, 1989.
MuTEX, based on work for their Master’s Thesis by Andrea Steinbach and Angelika Schofer, is a set of macros
allowing TEX to typeset beautiful music.
http://icking-music-archive.org/software/mutex/[63] Christophe Jorssen and Herbert Voß. The pst-circ - package, 2004.
pst-circ is a package built above PSTricks and, in particular, pst-node. It can easily draw current dipoles, sometripoles, and quadrupoles used in elecronic or electric theory.
On CTAN at: graphics/pstricks/contrib/pst-circ/[64] Christophe Jorssen. pst-math - a PSTricks package for mathematical function,
2004.
PostScript lacks a lot of basic operators. pst-math provides all the operators in a PostScript-header file. In
addition, sinc, gauss, gammaln, and bessel are implemented (only partially for the latter). pst-math is designed
essentially to work with pst-plot but can be used in whatever PostScript code.
On CTAN at: graphics/pstricks/contrib/pst-math/[65] Deane B. Judd and Günter Wyszecki. Color in Business, Science, and Industry,
Second Edition. Wiley, New York, 1963.
The perception of color permeates our daily lives. The color of soil, vegetables, fruit, meat, textiles, minerals,
the sky, or a human face, informs us about their value or state. Color management is an essential tool toeﬀectively control all aspects of color in the commercial process.

[66] David Kastrup. preview-latex, 2003.
preview-latex allows appropriately selected parts of a LATEX document to be formatted and displayed withinyour Emacs editor, allowing you to view what it looks like while still allowing you to edit it.
On CTAN at: support/preview-latex/[67] Brian Kernighan. “PIC — a graphics language for typesetting”. Computing Science
Technical Report 116, AT&T Bell Laboratories, Murray Hill, NJ, 1984.
Pic is a language for drawing simple figures on a typesetter. The basic objects in pic are boxes, ellipses, lines,
arrows, arcs, spline curves, and text. These may be placed anywhere, at positions specified absolutely or interms of previous objects. Pic is a troff preprocessor.
Document available electronically as:
http://cm.bell-labs.com/cm/cs/cstr/116.ps.gz

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BIBLIOGRAPHY[68] Uwe Kern. Color extensions with the xcolor package, 2006.
Provides easy driver-independent access to several kinds of color tints, shades, tones, and mixes of arbitrarycolors. It allows a user to select a document-wide target color model and oﬀers complete tools for conversion
between eight color models. Additionally, there is a command for alternating row colors and repeated nonaligned material (like horizontal lines) in tables.
On CTAN at: macros/latex/contrib/xcolor/[69] Jörg Knappen. “Changing the appearance of math”. In Zlatuška [140], pp. 212–216.
Mathematical typesetting is based on many conventions, which can vary by country and by area of scientificactivity. In particular American and European mathematics and physics journals often use diﬀerent notations for identical items. The author presents his “European math” package, which makes it easy to adapt thenotation needed for publishing in a given journal.

[70] Donald E. Knuth. The TEXbook, volume A of Computers and Typesetting. AddisonWesley, Reading, MA, 1986.
This book is the definitive user’s guide and complete reference manual for TEX.

[71] Donald E. Knuth. TEX: The Program, volume B of Computers and Typesetting.
Addison-Wesley, Reading, MA, 1986.
This book contains the complete source code for the TEX program, typeset with several indices.

[72] Donald E. Knuth. The   Book, volume C of Computers and Typesetting.
Addison-Wesley, Reading, MA, 1986.
This is the user’s guide and reference manual for
fonts.

  , the companion program to TEX for designing[73] Donald E. Knuth.  : The Program, volume D of Computers andTypesetting. Addison-Wesley, Reading, MA, 1986.
This book contains the complete source code listing of the   program.

[74] Donald E. Knuth. Computer Modern Typefaces, volume E of Computers andTypesetting. Addison-Wesley, Reading, MA, 1986.
This book depicts graphically more than 500 Greek and Roman letterforms, together with punctuation marks,
numerals, and many mathematical symbols. The
code to generate each glyph is given andcode, all characters in the Computer
it is explained how, by changing the parameters in theModern family of typefaces can be obtained.

    [75] Donald E. Knuth. “Fonts for digital halftones”. TUGboat, 8(2):135–160, 1987.
This article explains how small pictures can be “typeset” on raster devices in a way that simulates the screensto generateused to print fine books on photography. This article describes an experiment withhalftone fonts to create such pictures on laser printers.
http://www.tug.org/TUGboat/Articles/tb08-2/tb18knut.pdf

  [76] Helmut Kopka and Patrick W. Daly. Guide to LATEX, Fourth Edition. Addison-Wesley, Reading, MA, 2004.
This introductory book, which shows how to begin using LATEX to create high-quality documents, serves also
as a handy reference for all LATEX users. The book covers the LATEX 2ε standard and provides many details,
examples, exercises, tips, and tricks. It goes beyond the base installation by describing important contributed
packages that have become essential to LATEX processing. This book can be advantageously complemented by
The LATEX Companion [83].

[77] Gerard Kunkel. Graphic Design with PostScript. Scott, Foresman, Glenview, IL,
1990.
This book is a hands-on guide to using PostScript containing complete coded examples for many practically
relevant applications, including (pseudo) 3-D eﬀects for graphs, etc.

[78] Leslie Lamport. LATEX: A Document Preparation System, Second Edition. AddisonWesley, Reading, MA, 1994.
This book is the definitive user’s guide and reference manual for LATEX 2ε written by LATEX’s original author.

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BIBLIOGRAPHY[79] Michael J. S. Levine. “A LATEX graphics routine for drawing feynman diagrams”.
Computer Physics Communications, 58:181–198, 1990.
This article describes a package that uses LATEX’s picture environment for drawing Feynman diagrams. The
package and its manual are available
On CTAN at: macros/latex209/contrib/feynman[80] Manuel Luque. The pst-vue3d - package, 2004.
Three-dimensional objects like cubes, spheres, and others can be viewed from diﬀerent points. The distribution includes a comprehensive set of examples of usage.
On CTAN at: graphics/pstricks/contrib/pst-vue3d/[81] M. P. Maclenan and G. M. Burns. “An approach to drawing circuit diagrams for text
books”. TUGboat, 12(1):66–69, 1991.
This article describes a library of pictograms, which are defined using macros embodied in PICTEX. These
pictograms are used to create applications that enable high-definition circuit diagrams to be easily includedin TEX documents.
http://www.tug.org/TUGboat/Articles/tb12-1/tb31maclenan.pdf[82] Henry McGilton and Mary Campione. PostScript by Example. Addison-Wesley,
Reading, MA, 1992.
This book first introduces the basic concepts of PostScript language (paths, graphic states, text, clipping, transformations, arcs, curves, and images). It then presents a set of tools to construct fonts, patterns, forms, andmanage your printing environment. PostScript Level 2 issues such as patterns, forms, images, composite fonts,
halftones, and color models are covered. With its many hands-on exercises and step-by-step instructions, thisbook becomes a genuine toolkit, for building eﬀective PostScript programs.

[83] Frank Mittelbach, Michel Goossens, Johannes Braams, David Carlisle, and Chris
Rowley. The LATEX Companion, Second Edition. Addison-Wesley, Reading, MA,
2004.
This book describes over 200 LATEX packages and presents a whole series of tips and tricks for using LATEX in
both traditional and modern typesetting, in particular how to customize layout features to your own needs—
from phrases and paragraphs to headings, lists, and pages. It provides expert advice on using LaTeX’s basic
formatting tools to create all types of publication, from memos to encyclopedias. It covers in depth important
extension packages for tabular and technical typesetting, floats and captions, multi-column layouts, includingreference guides and discussion of the underlying typographic concepts. It details techniques for generating
and typesetting indexes, glossaries, and bibliographies, with their associated citations.

[84] Alun Moon. “Digital Illumination”. TUGboat, 24(1):18–22, 2003.

   

This article explains how Donald Knuth’s programs TEX and() have made digital typography and calligraphy a reality. The author, an amateur calligrapher in Celtic artwork, explores how
these tools can be used for digital illumination. He shows some nice examples of knotwork and keypatterns
that he was able to draw.
http://www.tug.org/TUGboat/Articles/tb24-1/moon-celtic.pdf[85] Jens-Uwe Morawski. piechartMP: Drawing pie-charts with MetaPost, 2002.



This is the manual for the piechartMPpackage.
On CTAN at: graphics/metapost/contrib/macros/piechartmp[86] Santiago Muelas. “A macro routine for writing text along a path in MetaPost”.
MAPS, pp. 103–113, 2000.



This article describes a general macro written in purefor putting any text using any font overany path. The routine is explained in detail and some graphics examples are given.
http://www.ntg.nl/maps/pdf/25_14.pdf
On CTAN at: graphics/metapost/contrib/macros/txp[87] Antal Nemcsics. Colour Dynamics: Environmental Colour Design. Prentice Hall,New York, 1993.
The book defines color dynamics and their eﬀects on the environment. After explaining the fundamentals ofchromatics (color spaces, color vision, color harmony) the psychosomatic eﬀects of color, such as the relation
between color and space, color and function, and color and illumnination, are discussed.

[88] Rolf Niepraschk. “Anwendungen des LATEX-pakets preview”. Die TEXnische
Komödie, 1/2003:60–65, 2003.
This article describes how PostScript-related code can be integrated into sources, which will be compiled with
pdfLATEX.

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BIBLIOGRAPHY[89] Jan Nieuwenhuizen and Han-Wen Nienhuys. “MusiXTEX pre-processor—using
TEX and the MusiXTEX macro package to write parts and scores of music”, 1996.
Deprecated package, replaced by LilyPond.

http://icking-music-archive.org/software/mpp/[90] A. C. Norris and A. L. Oakley. “Electronic publishing and chemical text processing”.
In Clark [18], pp. 207–225.
This article describes strategies to combine high-quality computer-based scientific typesetting of chemical
structures with low cost. Results are reported of how to interface an interactive chemical editor with PostScript
and TEX.

[91] Thorsten Ohl. “Drawing feynman diagrams with LATEX andputer Physics Communications, 90:340–354, 1995.

 ”. Com-This article describes FeynMF, a package for easy drawing of professional-quality Feynman diagrams with(or). Most diagrams are drawn satisfactorily from the structure of the graph(or) iswithout need for manual intervention. Nevertheless all the power ofavailable for the more complicated cases or for fine tuning the layout.
http://www.cpc.cs.qub.ac.uk/summaries/ADCD_v1_0.html

    [92] Thorsten Ohl. “feynMF, Drawing Feynman Diagrams with LATEX and ”, 1996.



-

Some information is available at the URL http://xml.cern.ch/textproc/feynmf.html.
On CTAN at: macros/latex/contrib/feynmf[93] Premshree Pillai. infix-postfix.py, 2003.
This package provides a solution with Python for an Infix–Postfix converter.
http://aspn.activestate.com/ASPN/Cookbook/Python/Recipe/228915[94] Sunil Podar. “Enhancements to the picture environment of LATEX”. Technical
Report 86-17, Dept. of Computer Science, State University of New York, Stony
Brook, NY, 1986.
This report describes the epic macros, which extend the capabilities of LATEX picture without requiring new
facilities.
On CTAN at: macros/latex/contrib/epic/picman.tex[95] Sebastian Rahtz. “The Protestant Cemetery, Rome”. Opuscula Romana, 16:149–
167, 1987.
This article discusses a study undertaken under the auspices of the Unione Internazionale degli Istituti diArcheologia, Storia e Storia dell’Arte in Roma.

[96] Michael Ramek. “Chemical structure formulae and x/y diagrams with TEX”. In
Clark [18], pp. 227–258.
Macros are presented to easily generate chemical structure formulae and x/y diagrams. Plain TEX and a DVI
driver that can handle rules are suﬃcient to generate the graphics output.

[97] Denis Roegel. “Creating 3D animations with
283, 1997.
This article describes the”. TUGboat, 18(4):274– 3d package for representing and animating objects in space.

http://www.tug.org/TUGboat/Articles/tb18-4/tb57roeg.pdf
On CTAN at: graphics/metapost/contrib/macros/3d[98] Denis Roegel. “
41:5–16, 2001.

, l’intelligence graphique”. Cahiers GUTenberg,

This article, in French, explains the advantages of a text-oriented approach to graphics, as provided by thelanguage.
http://www.gutenberg.eu.org/pub/GUTenberg/publicationsPDF/41-roegel.pdf



[99] Denis Roegel. “Space geometry with
2001.

”. TUGboat, 22(4):298–314,

This article describes the author’s package for drawing space geometry figures in.
http://www.tug.org/TUGboat/Articles/tb22-4/tb72roeg.pdf

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BIBLIOGRAPHY[100] Denis Roegel. “ 23(1):93–100, 2002.

: Very high-level objects in”. TUGboat,

This article summarizes the main features of,apackage for manipulating graphics in a structured way.
http://www.tug.org/TUGboat/Articles/tb23-1/roegel.pdf
On CTAN at: graphics/metapost/contrib/macros/metaobj[101] Denis Roegel. “Kissing Circles: A French Romance in26(1):10–17, 2005.
This article describes”. TUGboat, macros for drawing the Apollonian gasket, a well known fractal.

http://www.tug.org/TUGboat/Articles/tb26-1/tb82roegel.pdf[102] Denis Roegel. The





tutorial and reference manual, 2007.



This is the
manual, describing a
package for the manipulation of structured
objects, boxes, trees, matrices, connections, etc.
On CTAN at: graphics/metapost/contrib/macros/metaobj[103] Tom Rokicki. “Driver Support for Color in TEX: Proposal and Implementation”.
TUGboat, 15(3):205–212, 1994.
This article presents a new implementation of color support, with a proposal for an initial standard for colorand color-like specials. Examples show the diﬃculties to be addressed when supporting color. An implementation of a driver providing a solution to these problems is described.
http://www.tug.org/TUGboat/Articles/tb15-3/tb44rokicki.pdf[104] Kristoﬀer H. Rose and Ross Moore. “XY-pic reference manual. version 3.7”, 1999.
This document describes in detail the capabilities of the XY -pic package for typesetting graphs and diagrams in
TEX. The package works with most TEX formats, including plain TEX, LATEX, and AMS-LATEX. Several stylesof input for various diagram types are supported; they all share a mnemonic notation based on the logicalcomposition of visual components. The electronic version of the manual is distributed with the package.
On CTAN at: macros/generic/diagrams/xypic/xy-3.7/doc/xyrefer.pdf[105] Kristoﬀer H. Rose. “How to typeset pretty diagram arrows with TEX—design
decisions used in XY-pic”. In Zlatuška [140], pp. 183–190.
This article gives a non-technical overview of how to draw arrows with TEX, and in particular with the author’s
XY-pic system. The article shows how a large variety of arrows can be obtained by combining a few special
fonts.

[106] Kristoﬀer H. Rose. “XY-pic user’s guide. version 3.7”, 1999.
XY-pic is a package for typesetting graphs and diagrams with TEX. This user guide concentrates on how totypeset matrix-like diagrams. The electronic version of the manual is distributed with the package.
On CTAN at: macros/generic/diagrams/xypic/xy-3.7/doc/xyguide.pdf[107] Zalman Rubinstein. “Chess printing via
10(2):170–172, 1989.

  and TEX”. TUGboat,  This article presents a-TEX system to enable printing chess positions with ease by incorporating them in arbitrary TEX output. The chess board is integrated with the chess pieces.
http://www.tug.org/TUGboat/Articles/tb10-2/tb24rubinstein.pdf[108] Rod Salmon and Mel Slater. Computer Graphics — Systems & Concepts. AddisonWesley Europe, Amsterdam, 1987.
A practical guide to the construction and implementation of computer graphics systems. The basic principles for building such systems for a range of 2-D and 3-D applications are explained. The Graphical Kernel
System (GKS) is treated in detail and its characteristics are compared with those of other systems, including
PostScript. Aspects of human–computer interaction, equipment, and systems design are discussed.

[109] Andreas Scherer. “Smoothing augmented paths in20(2):142, 1999.

”. TUGboat,

This article shows a slight change to thegraph package in order to produce smooth curves ingraphs drawn from data.
http://www.tug.org/TUGboat/Articles/tb20-2/tb63gibb.pdf

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BIBLIOGRAPHY[110] Angelika Schofer and Andreas Steinbach. “Automatisierter Notensatz mit TEX”.
Technical report, Rheinische Friedrich-Wilhelms-Universität, Bonn, 1987.
This report, which combined and updated the content of the masters theses of both authors, demonstrated thatmusic typesetting was possible. Their mutex package was rather limited, and is hardly ever used nowadays.
However, it inspired Daniel Taupin, who took up the baton, and developed MusixTEX (see Ref. [116]).
On CTAN at: macros/mtex[111] Claus Schönleber and Frank Klinkenberg-Haaß. “Goldene Schnittmuster”. mcExtra, 2:21–25, 1995.
This article covers metalic alloys, non-periodic tilings and Penrose-tilings.

[112] Don Simons. “PMX, a preprocessor for MusiXTEX. Version 0.92”, 1995.
PMX facilitates typesetting music scores and parts that have an almost professional appearance. It is easierto learn than MusiXTEX, of which it is a preprocessor. PMX automatically takes care of grouping notes, selecting groups of notes to be beamed, defining beam heights and slopes, spreading the entire piece evenly
over specified numbers of systems and pages, and inserting extra spaces where needed to make room for
accidentals, flags, dots, and new clefs. Note values, rests, ornaments, slurs, and limited text strings canbe specified. Every voice in every bar must have exactly the correct number of beats in the current meter,
but you may change the meter at the beginning of any measure, with or without printing the new time signature. PMX checks the timings and other aspects of the input for consistency before generating its output.
http://icking-music-archive.org/software/pmx/pmx250.pdf[113] Ian Stewart. “Ungewöhnliche Kachelungen”. Spektrum der Wissenschaft, p. 114,
2001.
This article explains how, starting with a very simple construction, one can get very complicated tilings andpatterns.
http://www.wissenschaft-online.de/spektrum/index.php?action=rubrik_detail&artikel_id=5811[114] Sebastian Tannert and Andreas Tille. “The CIRC package”, 2005.
This is a description of CIRC, a tool for typesetting circuit diagrams and block schematics. The package defines
a large set of electrical symbols including resistors, capacitors, and transistors, which can be connected withand the symbol set can be easily extended
wires in a very easy way. All symbols are drawn withby the user.
On CTAN at: macros/generic/diagrams/circ/circ.pdf

  [115] Till Tantau. The TikZ and PGF Packages.
PGF is a TEX macro package for generating graphics. It is platform- and format-independent. It comes with auser-friendly syntax layer called TikZ. It is somewhat less powerful than PSTricks, which can use the full powerof the PostScript language (e.g., for inline function plotting) and has a nice library of extra packages for specificapplication areas. However, it works together with most important TEX backend drivers, including pdftex(which is not directly possible with PSTricks) and dvips. Moreover, since it is a recent development, its syntax
is somewhat more consistent that PSTricks’. The home page is at http://sourceforge.net/projects/
pgf/. On CTAN at: graphics/pgf/doc/generic/pgf/version-for-pdftex/en/pgfmanual.pdf[116] Daniel Taupin, Ross Mitchell, and Andreas Egler. “MusiXTEX, using TEX to write
polyphonic or instrumental music, Version T.113”, 2005.
MusiXTEX is a set of TEX macros to typeset orchestral or polyphonic music. This guide contains a technical anddetailed description of all features of the system. The main author of MusiXTEX, Daniel Taupin, passed awayin 2003. Two years later the MusiXTEX community decided to help keep his excellent work alive and current
by assembling a new release (T.113), correcting various minor bugs, updating some references and providing
dynamic links to archived versions where possible. No new functionality was introduced but a few additional
packages were added to the basic distribution.
http://icking-music-archive.org/software/musixtex/musixdoc.pdf[117] Daniel Taupin. “MusicTEX: using TEX to write polyphonic or instrumental music”.
In Zlatuška [140], pp. 257–272.
This article gives a short overview of MusicTEX, a set of (LA)TEX macros to nicely typeset polyphonic, instrumental, or orchestral music. Many voices or instrument lines, as well as up to four staﬀs per voice aresupported. Several note sizes, most usual ornaments, and such features as grace notes and cadenzas are alsoavailable. It is explained that the major typesetting diﬃculty resides in the handling of glue and of breaking
lines when meeting irregular music and slurs.

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BIBLIOGRAPHY[118] Daniel Taupin. “MusicTEX: using TEX to write polyphonic or instrumental music”.
TUGboat, 14(3):203–211, 1993.
This article is a short introduction to MusicTEX, a set of TEX and LATEX macros to typeset polyphonic, instrumental or orchestral music. It handles an important number of instruments or voices (up to nine) andstaﬀs (up to four for each instrument). Most usual ornaments are available, including several note sizes, gracenotes, and cadenzas. Several staﬀ sizes can coexist in the same score to combine full-size staﬀs with smaller“reminder” staﬀs. The LATEX version is not suited for producing full scores but it can be used to typeset music excerpts in musicographic texts. Special attention has to be given to glue and line breaking in the case of
irregular music and slurs.
http://www.tug.org/TUGboat/Articles/tb14-3/tb40musictex.pdf[119] Daniel Taupin. “Using TEX andboat, 14(3):196–202, 1993.

  to build complicated maps”. TUG-

The article descibes the procedure to publish a catalog of 1500 crags and climbable rocks in France. All relevant
information, such as name, location, and importance, are stored in a large TEX master file. The marks and theirassociated text, as well as their optimal position are calculated from these data and are superimposed on a map.
generated in
http://www.tug.org/TUGboat/Articles/tb14-3/tb40taupin-maps.pdf

  [120] Daniel Taupin. “MusiXTEX, even more beautiful than MusicTEX for music typesetting”. In Wietse Dol, editor, “Proceedings of the 9th European TEX Conference,
September 4–8 1995, Arnhem, The Netherlands”, pp. 351–358. Nederlandstalige
TEX Gebruikersgroep, 1995.
This article is a description of MusiXTEX as a new music typesetting package derived from MusicTEX.
MusiXTEX is a three-pass system and produces more beautiful scores than MusicTEX, which was a one-passsystem. The first pass performs a rough TEXing which reports the spacings of each music section, the second pass uses an external program to compute optimal note spacings, and the third pass lets TEX include
this information to typeset the final score. This results in more visually attractive slurs and regularly spaced
notes.
http://www.ntg.nl/maps/pdf/E_23.pdf[121] Daniel Taupin. “MusicTEX, using TEX to write polyphonic and instrumental music,
Version 5.17”, 1996.
This is a deprecated package. Use MusiXTEX instead. Old files are still available at the URL
http://icking-music-archive.org/software/musictex/[122] Piet Tutelaers. “A font and a style for typesetting chess using LATEX or TEX”. TUGboat, 13(1):85–90, 1992.

  The author decribes how he built a 26-character chess font with. The font consists of a chessboard and separate sets of black and white chess pieces and empty squares. The TEX macros for typesetting
chess using the font are described.
http://www.tug.org/TUGboat/Articles/tb13-1/tb34tutelaers.pdf[123] Gabriel Valiente Feruglio. “Typesetting commutative diagrams”. TUGboat,
15(4):466–484, 1994.
This article presents a review of macro packages for typesetting commutative diagrams, which are comparedaccording to several criteria, such as capability to produce complex diagrams, ease of use, quality of the output
diagrams, readability of the documentation, installation procedures, resource requirements, availability, andportability. The compatibility of the diﬀerent macro packages is also analyzed.
http://www.tug.org/TUGboat/Articles/tb15-4/tb45vali.pdf[124] Kees van der Laan. “Typesetting bridge via LATEX”. TUGboat, 10(1):113–116, 1989.
Macros and a bidding environment for typesetting bridge card distributions and bidding sequences are described complemeted by examples borrowed from the bridge literature.
http://www.tug.org/TUGboat/Articles/tb10-1/tb23laan.pdf[125] Kees van der Laan. “Tiling in PostScript and
MAPS, 19:39–67, 1997.
This article describes programs for various tilings, both in  — Escher’s wink”.

  and in PostScript.
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BIBLIOGRAPHY[126] Timothy Van Zandt and Denis Girou. “Inside PSTricks”. TUGboat, 15(3):239–246,
1994.
The macro-commands of the PSTricks package oﬀer impressive additional capabilities to (LA)TEX users, bygiving them direct access to much of the power of PostScript, including full support for color. The article
describes the implementation of a few of the features of PSTricks (version 0.94).
http://www.tug.org/TUGboat/Articles/tb15-3/tb44tvz.pdf[127] Timothy Van Zandt. “PSTricks user’s guide”, 1993.
This is the oﬃcial PSTricks documentation.

http://tug.org/PSTricks/doc/pst-usrfull.pdf[128] Timothy Van Zandt. PSTricks - PostScript macros for Generic TEX, Documented
Code, 1997.
PSTricks is a collection of PostScript macros that is compatible with most TEX macro packages, including Plain
TEX and LATEX. Included are macros for color, graphics, rotation, and overlays. This is the documented code.
There is also a User’s Guide and a read-me file.
On CTAN at: graphics/pstricks/doc/code/pst-code.pdf[129] Timothy Van Zandt. The multido package, 2004.
Fixed-point arithmetic is used when working on the loop variable, so that the package is equally applicable ingraphics applications like PSTricks as it is with the more common integer loops.
On CTAN at: graphics/pstricks/base/generic/[130] Boris Veytsman and Leila Akhmadeeva. “Drawing Medical Pedigree Trees with TEX
and PSTricks”. The PracTEX Journal, 2006(4).
The package provides a set of macros based on PSTricks to draw medical pedigrees according to the recommendations for standardized human pedigree nomenclature. The drawing commands place the symbols on a
pspicture canvas. An interface for making trees is also provided.
http://tug.org/pracjourn/2006-4/veytsman[131] Herbert Voß and Jana Voß. “The plot functions of pst-plot”. TUGboat, 224:314–318, 2001.
Plotting of external data records is one of the standard problems of technical–industrial publications. Veryoften the data files are imported into gnuplot, provided with axes of coordinates and further references andfinally exported to LATEX. This article explains ways to get proper data plotting without using external applications.
http://www.tug.org/TUGboat/Articles/tb22-4/tb72vossplot.pdf[132] Herbert Voß. “Three-dimensional plots with pst-3dplot”. TUGboat, 22-4:319–
329, 2001.
There exist several packages for plotting three-dimensional graphical objects. This article describes
pst-3dplot, which is similiar to the pst-plot package for two dimensional objects, mathematical functions anddatafiles.
http://www.tug.org/TUGboat/Articles/tb22-4/tb72voss3d.pdf[133] Herbert Voß. The pstricks-add - package, 2006.
This package collects together examples that have been posted to the PSTricks mailing list, together with some
additional features for PSTricks . The package also includes additions and bugfixes for PSTricks, pst-plot,
pst-node and pst-tree.
On CTAN at: graphics/pstricks/contrib/pstricks-add/[134] Herbert Voß. The pst-3dplot - package, 2006.
A package using PSTricks to draw a large variety of graphs and plots, including 3-D math functions. Data canbe read from external data files, making this package a generic tool for graphing within TEX/LATEX without theneed for external tools.
On CTAN at: graphics/pstricks/contrib/pst-3dplot/[135] Herbert Voß. PSTricks: Grafik für TEX und LATEX, Fourth Edition. DANTE –Lehmanns, Heidelberg/Hamburg, 2007.
This book explains all keywords and macros of the basic packages of the PSTricks bundle uing examples. A lotof the additional packages including pst-vue3d, pst-3dplot or pst-eucl, are also mentioned.

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BIBLIOGRAPHY[136] Helene Wanske. “Notenproduktion im Umbruch. Gedanken zur gegenwärtigen
und zukünftigen Musikalienherstellung”. In Hans-Joachim Koppitz, editor,“Gutenberg-Jahrbuch 1990”, pp. 237–243. Gutenberg-Gesellschaft, Internationale
Vereinigung für Geschichte und Gegenwart der Druckkunst e.V., Mainz, Germany,
1990.
[137] Jan V. White. Color for the Electronic Age. Watson-Guptil Publications, New York,
1990.
This book is about the functional use of color in charts, graphs, typography, and pictures. It shows how color
can be used as a practical and eﬃcient tool to focus attention, explain relationships, and analyze data; howcolor helps the reader comprehend information faster; and how it can establish identity by associating a certain color with a given element thus easing recognition and turning information into knowledge. Colors canhave psychological and emotional eﬀects, carry cultural connotations, and must thus be used with great care.
With the help of hundreds of “right” and “wrong” examples the author shows practically and clearly whatworks and what does not in many of the important areas of written communication.
Useful rules about color patterns can also be found on the Web in Susan Fowler’s “Color and patterns”(http://www.fast-consulting.com/color/cp_toc.htm), Jan White’s “Full color” (http://www.
insideoutdesign.com/full_color.pdf), Ann L. Wiley’s “Eﬀective color” (http://www.tec.ufl.
edu/~kdtn/effcol.pdf), or Aries Arditi’s “Eﬀective color contrast” (http://www.lighthouse.org/
color_contrast.htm).

[138] Michael J. Wichura. The PICTEX Manual. Number 6 in TEXniques: publications for
the TEX community. TEX Users Group, Providence, RI, 1987.
This book describes the PICTEX language. The syntax of each command is fully detailed. With the help ofmany examples it is explained how to setup a graph, draw rules, lines, curves, dots and dashes, and generate
shadings. Inclusion of PICTEX pictures in a page, the rotation of images, and how to use LATEX and PICTEX
together are described. The level of reader understanding can be tested with the help of several dozen exercises,
whose answers are included in an appendix.

[139] Michael J. Wichura. “Macros for drawing PiCtures”. TUGboat, 9(2):193–197, 1988.
This article is a short overview of PICTEX, a collection of TEX macros that let TEX users easily instruct TEX totypeset beautiful pictures, and in particular mathematical figures, as a part of their books.
http://www.tug.org/TUGboat/Articles/tb09-2/tb21wichura-pictex.pdf[140] Jiříc Zlatuška, editor. EuroTEX ’92: Proceedings of the 7th European TEX Conference, Prague, Czechoslovakia, September 14–18, 1992. Masarykova Universita,
Brno, 1992.

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Indexes
General Index . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 837
  and  . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 879
PSTricks . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 897
XY-pic . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 919
People . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 924

The index has been split into five parts. We start with a general index that covers all
entries apart from those of the three large graphics languages, , PSTricks, and
XY-pic, that are described in chapters 3, 5, and 7 respectively. These three languages eachhave their own separate index, in order to do justice to the specific terms they use to denotetheir native constructs. This also helps the reader to avoid mistakenly finding a solution
oﬀered by one language when creating a graphic in one of the other languages. Important
general concepts are additionally cross-referenced from the general index. We end with anindex of authors.
To make the indexes easier to use, the entries are distinguished by their “type”, and thisis often indicated by one of the following “type words” at the beginning of the main entry ora sub-entry:
boolean, counter, document class, env., file, file extension, font, key, key value,
option, package, program, rigid length, or syntax.
The absence of an explicit “type word” means that the “type” is either a LATEX “command”
or simply a “concept”.
Use by, or in connection with, a particular package is indicated by adding the package
name (in parentheses) to an entry or sub-entry. There is one “virtual” package name, tlgc,
that indicates commands introduced only for illustrative purposes in this book.
A blue italic page number indicates that the command or concept is demonstrated in
an example on that page.

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INDEXES

When there are several page numbers listed, bold face indicates a page containing important information about an entry, such as a definition or basic usage.
When looking for the position of an entry in the index, you need to realize that, when
they come at the start of a command or file extension, both the characters \ and . are ignored. All symbols come before all letters and everything that starts with the @ character
will appear immediately before A.

BZ0Z0ZKS
7
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g
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5

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6

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General Index

Symbols! syntax (xcolor), 731, 732\! (LilyPond), 665!! syntax (xcolor), 735!!+ syntax (xcolor), 735!![num] syntax (xcolor), 732, 735"..." syntax(abc), 608(pic), 19’ syntax(LilyPond), 661, 662(MusiXTEX), 592(abc), 603’’ syntax(LilyPond), 661, 665(MusiXTEX), 592’’’ syntax(LilyPond), 661, 663, 665(MusiXTEX), 592\( (pst-pdf), 800(" syntax (M-Tx), 655(...) syntax(LilyPond), 663, 664, 665(M-Tx), 654, 655(PMX), 634, 635–638, 648(abc), 607, 608(2 syntax (abc), 605(3 syntax (abc), 605(4 syntax (abc), 605(5 syntax (abc), 605(6 syntax (abc), 605(7 syntax (abc), 605(8 syntax (abc), 605(~...)~ syntax (M-Tx), 655\) (pst-pdf), 800)( syntax (M-Tx), 655* syntax (cwpuzzle), 704, 705+ syntax(PMX), 623, 624, 625(m-ch-en), 544(texmate), 683, syntax(LilyPond), 661, 662(PMX), 624, 625(abc), 603- syntax(LilyPond), 663(M-Tx), 655(PMX), 623, 624, 625, 628(abc), 607, 608, 611(m-ch-en), 544(xcolor), 731, 732\- (circ), 579-- syntax(LilyPond), 665(M-Tx), 655. syntax(MusiXTEX), 594(PMX), 624, 625(abc), 607(cwpuzzle), 704, 705

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838 (Symbols). syntax (cont.)(printsudoku), 710(sudoku), 709(xcolor), 733\. (circ), 579.PE syntax (pic), 17, 583.PS syntax (pic), 17, 583.c syntax (pic), 19.n syntax (pic), 19.ne syntax (pic), 19.nw syntax (pic), 19.se syntax (pic), 19.sw syntax (pic), 19.| syntax (LilyPond), 661, 662.||. syntax (LilyPond), 661, 662/ syntax (abc), 608: syntax(LilyPond), 661, 662(PMX), 631(xcolor), 732:: syntax(M-Tx), 654(abc), 603:| syntax(LilyPond), 661, 662(M-Tx), 654(abc), 603, 604:|: syntax (LilyPond), 661, 662; syntax (xcolor), 732< syntax(M-Tx), 658(MusiXTEX), 592(PMX), 624, 625(abc), 604, 605<. syntax (M-Tx), 658<...> syntax (LilyPond), 663, 665<< syntax (abc), 604, 605<<...>> syntax (LilyPond), 664, 665<<< syntax (abc), 604= syntax(MusiXTEX), 592(abc), 605> syntax(M-Tx), 658(MusiXTEX), 592(PMX), 624, 625(abc), 604, 605(colortbl), 751\> (LilyPond), 665>. syntax (M-Tx), 658>> syntax (abc), 604, 605>>> syntax (abc), 604? syntax (PMX), 629\[ (texmate), 680, 681, 682, 683, 686

GENERAL INDEX[...] syntax(LilyPond), 663, 664, 665(M-Tx), 654(PMX), 631, 632, 634(abc), 608(cwpuzzle), 704, 705(texmate), 680, 681–683, 686, 687[...]/ syntax (LilyPond), 664[1 syntax (abc), 603, 604[2 syntax (abc), 603, 604[j syntax (PMX), 633\# (texmate), 681–683& syntax (MusiXTEX), 591, 596^ syntax(LilyPond), 663(MusiXTEX), 592, 593(abc), 605, 607(chemsym), 517^^ syntax (abc), 605~ syntax(M-Tx), 657(abc), 607(colortbl), 751\ syntax (abc), 604, 608{" syntax (M-Tx), 655{...} syntax(M-Tx), 655, 657(abc), 607{~...}~ syntax (M-Tx), 655{} syntax (cwpuzzle), 704, 705}{ syntax (M-Tx), 655, 657_ syntax(LilyPond), 663, 664(M-Tx), 655(MusiXTEX), 592, 593(abc), 605, 611(chemsym), 517__ syntax (abc), 605\] (texmate), 680, 681]-[ syntax (PMX), 632][ syntax (PMX), 632]j syntax (PMX), 633‘ syntax(MusiXTEX), 592(dvips), 35| syntax, 668(LilyPond), 661, 662(M-Tx), 654, 657(MusiXTEX), 591, 596(abc), 601, 603, 604, 605, 607, 608(cwpuzzle), 704, 705(sudoku), 709(texmate), 680, 681, 683, 686|. syntax (LilyPond), 661, 662

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GENERAL INDEX(Symbols–A) 839|: syntax(LilyPond), 661, 662(M-Tx), 654(abc), 603|] syntax(M-Tx), 654(abc), 601, 603, 604, 605, 607, 608|| syntax(LilyPond), 661, 662(M-Tx), 654(abc), 603
0-0 syntax (texmate), 686
0-0-0 syntax (texmate), 683
1,4-dibromobenzene, 521, 523
10pt option (beamer), 753
12pt option (beamer), 753
14pt option (beamer), 753
17pt option (beamer), 753
20pt option (beamer), 753
3-D, seeand PSTricks index
8pt option (beamer), 753
9pt option (beamer), 753

@@+ syntax (M-Tx), 658, 659@- syntax (M-Tx), 658@< syntax (M-Tx), 658@= syntax (M-Tx), 658@> syntax (M-Tx), 658@^ syntax (M-Tx), 658@v syntax (M-Tx), 658

A
A syntax (PMX), 630\A (circ), 577, 581
a syntax (PMX), 625, 631
Aa syntax (PMX), 643
Ab syntax (PMX), 632, 643
abbreviations, scientific texts, 513.abc file extension, xxxi
abc env. (abc), 612, 614, 615
abc language, xxviii, 600–615, 654
abc package, 612–615
abc notation system, see music scores (abc2mtex)
abc2midi program, 610, 648
abc2mtex program, 590, 600–612, 662\abcinput (abc), 612, 615
abcm2ps program, 602, 610, 611, 614, 615, 617
abcPlus language, 600, 609, 610, 617, 648.abcplus file extension, xxxi
Abp syntax (PMX), 633
absorption, color, 717
accents (musical), 592, 607
LilyPond, 663\acciaccatura (LilyPond), 663, 664
accidentals (musical)
attaching to note names, 622
examples, 592
positioning, 624, 628
symbols, 605
Acrobat Distiller program, 797, 798
actions, slides, 770
active option (pst-pdf), 800\ACtoDC (circ), 578
Ad syntax (PMX), 643\adamantane (ccycle), 531
additive color space, 715
addpgf key (chessboard), 669
addpieces key (chessboard), 669
ADJ syntax (m-ch-en), 544, 545
Adobe Acrobat program, 21
Adobe Reader program, 12, 804, 817
Adobe Illustrator program, 1, 4, 21
Adobe Photoshop program, 17
Ae syntax (PMX), 643\afterb (texmate), 686\afterno (texmate), 686\afterw (texmate), 686
againcovered key (beamer), 768\againframe (beamer), 759, 761\ahead (texmate), 681, 682, 683
AI syntax (PMX), 643
Ai syntax (PMX), 643
AlDraTex package, 15\alert (beamer), 761, 771, 790, 791
alertblock env. (beamer), 778, 779
algorithmic display drawings, 5algorithmic structural drawings, 5alignment
nucleotide sequences, 548–550
peptide sequences, 548–550
aliphat package, 520, 532
aliphatic compounds, 532, 533
all option (beamer), 753\allabreve (MusiXTEX), 592
allegro (musical), 646
allegro vivace (musical), 644\allmatchspecial(texshade), 548(textopo), 552\allowdisplaybreaks (beamer), 759
allowdisplaybreaks key (beamer), 759
allowframebreaks key (beamer), 759, 782
allowsframebreaks key (beamer), 759
alltt package, 790\alt (beamer), 768
altenv env. (beamer), 770
alto syntax (LilyPond), 661, 664\altoclef (MusiXTEX), 592

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840 (A–B)

GENERAL INDEX\Amp (circ), 578\ampere (SIunits), 514, 515, 516\amperemetresecond (SIunits), 516
amsmath package, 752, 753, 759
amssymb package, 515
amstex package, 517
amsthm package, 753\analysistop (texmate), 686\AND (circ), 578
angle key (graphicx), 28, 31, 32\animate (beamer), 774\animatevalue (beamer), 774
animation, see
indexanimation, slides, 774
annotations, see also commentaries
chemical formulas, 547
chess, 675
music scores, 657, 658
timing diagrams, 573
anthracene derivatives, 525\anthracenev (carom), 524, 525
Ap syntax (PMX), 636, 643\appendix (beamer), 779\applyshading (textopo), 552
Ar syntax (PMX), 643\Arc (curve2e), 47, 50
arc (pic), 17
arcs (Feynman diagrams)
edges, 572
segments with arrows, 560
aromatic carbocycles, 525\arpeggio (MusiXTEX), 592
arpeggio (musical), 629
array env., 8, 737
array package, 737, 764\arrayrulecolor (colortbl), 741, 742, 745, 746, 749–751\arrayrulewidth rigid length, 742
arrow (pic), 17\ArrowArc (axodraw), 558, 560\ArrowArcn (axodraw), 558\ArrowLine (axodraw), 558, 559–561
arrowsFeynman diagrams, 559–561
styles, 44
timing diagrams, 575
art graphics, 4, 22
article option (beamer), 753
article document class, xxxi
AS syntax (PMX), 643
As syntax (PMX), 643
aspect ratio, keeping, 29, 31, 38\at (circ), 580
atan (pic), 19\AtBeginPart (beamer), 780
atom derivation, 539

atoms, aligning with bonds, 546\atpin (circ), 580, 581\atto (SIunits), 515\author (beamer), 754, 757, 761\autoBeamOff (LilyPond), 663
AutoCAD program, 17, 21
automata, see
and PSTricks index
automata drawings, 15
Av syntax (PMX), 643
axodraw package, 555, 558–561

B
B syntax (m-ch-en), 542, 544
b key (beamer), 759, 781
b syntax (PMX), 635, 637\B2Text (axodraw), 558
babel package, 515
Bach musical example, 590, 610backgammon, 696, 697, 698
background syntax (beamer), 794, 795
background color, documents, 723, 724, 725
background canvas syntax (beamer), 792, 795\backturn (MusiXTEX), 592\bar(LilyPond), 661, 662(MusiXTEX), 591, 594–596, 599
bar package, 15
bar charts, see
and PSTricks index
bar codes, see PSTricks index
bars (musical)
changes, 654
double, 603
repeats, 603, 639
symbols, 603, 639
thick, 603
thin, 603
Bars/line: syntax (M-Tx), 652
Bartok musical example, 596
base units, 514
basic option (circ), 577, 578
basic duration (musical), 622\bass (MusiXTEX), 596
bass syntax (LilyPond), 661, 665\bassclef (MusiXTEX), 592
bb key (graphicx), 28, 29, 30\bbetter (texmate), 680, 681\BBox (axodraw), 558\BBoxc (axodraw), 558\BCirc (axodraw), 558
beamer option (beamer), 753
beamer document class, xxxi, 752, 753, 754–758, 759, 760–796
beamerboxesrounded env. (beamer), 775, 776, 778
beamercolorbox env. (beamer), 775, 776, 777, 794\beamergotobutton (beamer), 784, 785
beamerouterthemesidebar package, 774

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GENERAL INDEX(B) 841

beamerpauses counter (beamer), 788\beamertemplatearticlebibitems (beamer), 782\beamertemplatebookbibitems (beamer), 782
beams (musical)
grouping notes, 606
jumping staves, 633
LilyPond, 663
M-Tx, 654, 655
MusiXTEX, 597
PMX, 631, 632, 633
xtuplets, 627, 628\becquerel (SIunits), 514\beforeb (texmate), 686\beforeno (texmate), 686\belo (texmate), 683\benzofuranev (hetarom), 530\benzofuranevi (hetarom), 530\benzoxazolev (hetarom), 530\benzoxazolevi (hetarom), 530
bes syntax (LilyPond), 662, 663\betteris (skak), 678
Bézier curves
cubic, 47
quadratic, 46, 47\bfseries (chessfss), 671
bg key (beamer), 776, 778, 794
bg package, 696–698\Bi (chemsym), 518\bibitem (beamer), 782
bibliographies, slides, 782
bibtex program, 801, 806\bicycheph (ccycle), 531\bicychepv (ccycle), 531\bid (tlgc), 702
bidding env. (bridge), 699, 701, 702\bigboard (bg), 697
bigger option (beamer), 753
bioinformatics, see also scientific texts
membrane protein topology plots, 551–553
nucleotide sequencesaligning, 548–550
highlighting, 548–550
sequence fingerprints, 550
shading, 548–550
peptide sequencesaligning, 548–550
highlighting, 548–550
sequence fingerprints, 550
shading, 548–550\bishop (chessfss), 672\black (igo), 691, 692–695
black syntax (xcolor), 722, 726“black box” drawings, 3, 4
black-and-white, 721\blackbar (bg), 696, 697\blackcube (bg), 697\blackname (texmate), 683\blackonmove (bg), 697\blackpoint (bg), 696\blackstone (igo), 695
blending color, 737\BLens (circ), 580, 581
blobs (Feynman diagrams), 566
block env. (beamer), 777, 778, 779
block environments, slides, 778, 779
block body syntax (beamer), 778
block title syntax (beamer), 778
blocks (musical), 622
blue syntax (xcolor), 722, 723, 726, 727\bluefbox (tlgc), 26
bm2font program, 7\bmove (skak), 679\bname (texmate), 685, 686
board games, see backgammon, see chess, see Go\boardcaption (bg), 696, 697, 698\boardfont (chessfss), 673
boardfontencoding key (chessboard), 669\boardsymbol (chessfss), 673
bodyCol syntax (beamer), 776
bonds (chemical)aligning atoms or molecules, 546
between C atoms, 542
derivation, 539
description, 543
directions, 535, 536
identifiers, 544
modifiers, 522
border key (chessboard), 669\bornane (ccycle), 531\bottomdiagramnames (texmate), 686
bounding box
aspect ratio, keeping, 29
clipping graphics to, 29, 30
comments, 25, 28
draft mode, 25, 29, 30
final mode, 25
fitting to graphics, 26, 27
height, 28, 29, 32\includegraphics syntax, 28–32
resizing, 27
rotated material, hiding, 25
rotating, 27, 31, 32
scaled material, hiding, 25
scaling, 27, 29
specifying, 28, 30
trimming space, 28, 30
viewports, 28, 30
width, 28, 29
BoundingBox (PostScript), 25, 26, 28, 34, 35
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842 (B–C)

GENERAL INDEX

box option (circ), 577\Boxc (axodraw), 558
boxes, see also frames
colored, in documents, 723, 724
slides, text in, 775, 776\boxit (MusiXTEX), 592\bracket (MusiXTEX), 592\break (LilyPond), 661\breve (LilyPond), 663
bridge package, 699–702
bridge (card game)bidding, 702
dealing, 699, 700, 701
bridge.tex file (bridge), 699, 700
broken musical rhythms, 604
brown syntax (xcolor), 726\BSplit (circ), 580, 581\BText (axodraw), 558\BTri (axodraw), 558\BUF (circ), 578\bundle (circ), 579\bupperhand (texmate), 680\bzdrh (carom), 521, 523, 524, 525, 534, 535, 536\bzdrv (carom), 521, 522, 524, 525, 536

C
C syntax(PMX), 639(m-ch-en), 544\C (circ), 577
c key (beamer), 759, 781
c option (beamer), 753\C2Text (axodraw), 558
C: syntax(M-Tx), 656(abc), 608, 610\ca (MusiXTEX), 593, 594, 595\caesura (MusiXTEX), 592
calc program, 21
calculations, drawing tools for, 1calendars, see PSTricks index\Cam (circ), 580, 581\candela (SIunits), 514
captions
chess, 684–686
Go board, 694
carbocycles, 524
carbocyclic compounds, 527
CARBON syntax (m-ch-en), 541, 542\CArc (axodraw), 558, 560
card games
bridgebidding, 702
dealing, 699, 700, 701
suits, representing, 698, 699

caret (^), sharp symbol, 605
carets (^^), double flat symbol, 605
carom package, 520, 524
CB syntax (m-ch-en), 541\cbezier (pict2e), 46, 47\CBox(axodraw), 558(tlgc), 733\CBoxc (axodraw), 558\cbreath (MusiXTEX), 592\cc (circ), 579, 581\cca (MusiXTEX), 593, 594, 595\ccccl (MusiXTEX), 592, 594\ccccu (MusiXTEX), 592, 594\cccl (MusiXTEX), 592, 594\cccu (MusiXTEX), 592, 593
cchess package, 687–690
cchessboard.tex file (cchess), 688\CCirc (axodraw), 558\ccl (MusiXTEX), 592, 593, 594, 595\ccu (MusiXTEX), 592, 593, 594, 595
ccycle package, 520, 530\cdfl (MusiXTEX), 592
cdot option (SIunits), 515\cdsh (MusiXTEX), 592\Cel (circ), 577\cellcolor (colortbl), 741, 748, 749
cells (table), color, 741\cellsize(createsudoku), 711(printsudoku), 710(solvesudoku), 711\celsius (SIunits), 514
center key (beamer), 777\centerto (circ), 581\centi (SIunits), 515, 516.cfg file extension (graphics), 25\cfl (MusiXTEX), 592
CGM language, 13
CGM (Computer Graphics Metafile), 13
CGM-Open Consortium, 13\CH (chemsym), 517\chair (ccycle), 531\changeunitlength(xymtexps), 538, 539, 540(xymtex), 538
character-based diagrams and pictures, 13
charges on atoms, 524, 526
and PSTricks index, see graphs
charts, see also
ChemDraw program, 21
chemeqn env. (chemist), 540\chemical (m-ch-en), 541, 542, 543–545, 546, 547
chemical bonds, see bonds (chemical)

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GENERAL INDEX(C)

chemical formulas, see also scientific texts
1,4-dibromobenzene, 521, 523
aliphatic compounds, 532, 533
annotation, 547
anthracene derivatives, 525
aromatic carbocycles, 525
atom derivation, 539
bonds
aligning atoms or molecules, 546
derivation, 539
description, 543
directions, 535, 536
identifiers, 544
modifiers, 522
carbocycles, 524
carbocyclic compounds, 527
charges on atoms, 524, 526
combinations, 543
command syntax, 520–522
configuration, 540
conformations, 540
conventions, 520
cyclohexane chair forms, 531
decaline derivatives, 525
definitions, 543
derivation, 539
elements, symbols for, 512
endocyclic bonds, 523
ethylene derivatives, 533
four-member carbon cycles, 528
furanoses, 532
fused five- and six-member rings, 530
fused rings, 524
fusing ring units, 536
handidness of substituents, 522, 531, 535
heterocyclic compounds, 528–530
indane derivatives, 528
inside paragraphs, 547
lower-order cycles, 527, 528
Periodic Table of the Elements, 519
phenanthrene derivatives, 525
polymethylene commands, 538
PostScript output, 537, 538
pyranoses derivatives, 532
reaction schemes, 540
stereochemical compounds, 530–532
stereochemistry eﬀects, 538
steroid derivatives, 525, 526
structures
atoms, aligning with bonds, 546
basic commands for, 541, 542
bond identifiers, 544
bonds, 543
bonds, aligning atoms or molecules, 546
chemical bonds, 542

843

chemical formulas (cont.)
combinations, 544, 545
combining, 534
complex, 534, 535
libraries of, 543
molecules, aligning with bonds, 546
moving, 544, 545
positioning, 544, 545
reaction equations, 545
rotating, 544, 545
substructures, 543
substitution derivation, 539
tetrahedral compounds, 532, 533
tetrahedron carbon configurations, 533
tetraline derivatives, 525
three-member carbon cycles, 528
tricyclic carbocycles, 525
trigonal units, 532, 533
chemical symbols, 517, 518
chemist package, 537, 540
chemstr package, 520
chemsym package, 512, 517, 518, 519
chess$ (dollar sign), comment indicator, 678
board
annotations, 675
displaying, 674, 675, 676, 677
hiding pieces, 676
highlighting, 676
next move indicator, 676
printing, 675
size, 675
specifying, 674–677
captions, 684–686
Chinese, 687, 688–690
pieces, 688
coloring the board, 668, 669
diagrams
adjusting layout, 686, 687
typesetting, 684, 685, 686
documenting a game, 679
ending games, 683
FEN (Forsyth-Edwards-Notation), 674
fonts
Figurine symbols, 671
generic mechanism, 669–673
list of, 670
normal characters, 671
selecting, 672, 673
switching, 672
informational symbols, 674
moves
error detection, 678
printing, 677
recording, 675

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GENERAL INDEX

chess (cont.)
specifying, 677, 678
style, changing, 679
nested variations, 679
notationcommentaries, 681, 682
overview, 680–683
threats, 681
variations, 680, 682, 683
online resources, 687
overview, 668
setting up position, 684
starting games, 683
titles, 683
chess package, 668, 677, 680, 687, 690, 691\chessboard (chessboard), 669
chessboard package, 668, 669, 673\chessevent (texmate), 683
chessfss package, 668, 669–673, 674, 678, 680\chessopening (texmate), 683\chl (MusiXTEX), 592
chmst-ps package, 537
chords (musical)
abc2mtex, 608
LilyPond, 663
M-Tx, 656, 657
MusiXTEX, 594
PMX, 628, 629\chu (MusiXTEX), 592
CIE (Commission Internationale de l’Eclairage), color spaces,
715\cinnolinev (hetarom), 530\cinnolinevi (hetarom), 530\circ, 39
circ package, 576–582\circle, 43(curve2e), 49(pict2e), 43, 45, 47
circle (pic), 17\circle*, 43(pict2e), 43, 45\circleit (MusiXTEX), 592
circlesdrawing, 45
circuit env. (circ), 578, 581\cl (MusiXTEX), 592, 593, 599\clear (igo), 694, 695\cleargoban (igo), 694\cleargobansymbols (igo), 692, 695
clearing, Go board, 694\clef (LilyPond), 661, 664, 665
clef changes (musical), 639
clefs (musical), 592, 653\cline (colortbl), 741
clip key (graphicx), 28, 29, 30

clipping graphics to bounding box, 29, 30
clockwise option (rotating), 42\club(bridge), 701, 702(tlgc), 699\clubsuit, 698, 699\Clue (cwpuzzle), 705, 706\clue (crosswrd), 703, 704\cluefont(createsudoku), 711(printsudoku), 710(solvesudoku), 711
cmy option (xcolor), 721
cmy syntax (xcolor), 728, 729
cmyk option (xcolor), 721
cmyk syntax(color), 720(xcolor), 720, 723, 725, 727–730
CMYK (Cyan, Magenta, Yellow, Black) color, 715, 719\cna (MusiXTEX), 592\Co (chemsym), 518
collision option (chemsym), 517
color
absorption, 717
adding tone, 731
additive color space, 715
and light, 714
and readability, 718
black-and-white, 721
blending, 737
categories of (PostScript), 715
color package
defining colors, 726–728
options, 720–722
overview, 719, 720
Commission Internationale de l’Eclairage, 715
complement, specifying, 731
contrast, 718
core model, 732
Crayola colors, 719
cultural connotations, 716
defining
assigning to names, 734, 735, 736
sets of colors, 727
single colors, 726, 727
device color spaces, 715
error warnings, 721
expressions
current color, 733
extended, 732
PSTricks, 733
standard, 732
Feynman diagrams, 567
four-color harmonics, 718
Grassman’s Law, 714

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GENERAL INDEX

color (cont.)
harmonic color circle, 717
harmonies, 717, 718
intensity, 718
masking, 737
mixing, 731
models supported, 719
monochrome, 721
overview, 719, 720
primary colors, 717
purity, 718
saturation, 717
secondary colors, 717
series, 734, 735, 736
shading, 731
slides, see slides (color)special color spaces, 715
spectrum, displaying, 729
subtractive color space, 715
symbolic values, 716
tables, see tables, color
text
documents, 725
slides, 775, 776
tables, 745, 748
theories, 714, 715
three-color harmonics, 718
three-color theory, 714
tinting, 731
two-color harmonics, 718
undefined colors, 721
within documents
background, 723, 724, 725
colored boxes, 723, 724
lists, 724
mixing colors, 723, 725
named colors, 725
portability, 723
special concerns, 725
specifying by color model, 722
specifying by name, 722
stored boxes, 725
tables, 724
text inside a box, 725
xcolor packagecolor models, 728–730
extended specification, 734
options, 720–722
overview, 719, 720
Young-Helmholtz Law, 714\color(beamer), 788, 789(colortbl), 741(color), 741, 744, 745(curve2e), 48–50

(C)

845

\color (cont.)(xcolor), 720, 722, 723, 725
color key
(beamer), 795(chessboard), 669
color package, 719–722, 726, 728, 730, 737
color models
CIE color spaces, 715
CMYK (Cyan, Magenta, Yellow, Black), 715, 719
gray, 719
HSB (Hue, Saturation, Brightness) color, 715, 719
HSV (Hue, Saturation, Value) color, 715
namedbehavior options, 721
in LATEX documents, 725
support for, 719
overview, 715
RGB (Red, Green, Blue) color, 715, 719
target, specifying, 730
xcolor package, 728–730
color.cfg file (xcolor), 720
color.pro file (dvips), 725\colorbox(color), 743, 744, 746, 749(xcolor), 720, 723, 724, 729, 733
colordvi package, 719
coloremph key (chessboard), 669\colorlet (xcolor), 726, 727, 730\colorseriescycle (xcolor), 734
colortbl package, 720, 721, 737–751
colsep key (beamer), 777
colsep* key (beamer), 777\column (beamer), 781
column env. (beamer), 780, 781\columncolor (colortbl), 737, 738, 739, 741, 746–748, 750, 751
columns env. (beamer), 780, 781
columns (table), color, 738, 747\columnwidth rigid length, 33
comma (,), octave indicator, 603
command key (graphicx), 29
commentaries, chess, 681, 682, see also annotations
Commission Internationale de l’Eclairage (CIE), color spaces,
715
complementary color, specifying, 731
complex numbers, representing, 49, 50
complex vertices (Feynman diagrams), 567
Composer: syntax (M-Tx), 651, 652
compound time signatures (musical), 605
Comprehensive TEX Archive Network, see CTAN
compress option (beamer), 753
computer generated drawings, 5Computer Graphics Metafile (CGM), 13\connection (circ), 581
contrast, 718\conttimingcounter (timing), 573

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846 (C–D)

GENERAL INDEX

convert program, 806\COOH (chemsym), 517\copyfromgoban (igo), 694, 695
copying, Go board, 694, 695\copytogoban (igo), 694, 695\CopyVect (curve2e), 49, 50
Corel Draw program, 1corollory env. (beamer), 769
cos (pic), 19\coulomb (SIunits), 514\coulombpercubicmetrenp (SIunits), 516
counterclockwise option (rotating), 42\COval (axodraw), 558\cql (MusiXTEX), 592\cqu (MusiXTEX), 592
Crayola colors, 719\Crdexa (tlgc), 701\crdima (bridge), 699, 700, 701
createsudoku package, 710–712
crossword env. (crosswrd), 703
crosswords{} (curly braces), empty cell indicator, 704, 705
classical puzzles, 705, 706
creating, 702, 703, 704, 705
external puzzle generation, 709
fill-in puzzles, 707
layout adjustment, 708
number puzzles, 707, 708
crosswrd package, 702–704
CRZ syntax (m-ch-en), 546\csh (MusiXTEX), 592
CTAN (Comprehensive TEX Archive Network)archived files, finding and transferring, 813
description, 810
files, from the command line, 814
TEX file catalogue, 811
web access, 810, 811, 812, 813, 814\CText (axodraw), 558\CTri (axodraw), 558\cu (MusiXTEX), 592, 593, 594, 595
cubic Bézier curves, 47
cultural connotations of color, 716
curly braces ({})
around arguments (musical), 596
empty crossword cell indicator, 704, 705
grace notes (musical), 607
currentsection key (beamer), 783
currentsubsection key (beamer), 783\Curve(axodraw), 558(curve2e), 47, 48, 49
curve2e package, 47–50
curvesBézier
cubic, 47

curves (cont.)
quadratic, 46, 47
drawing, 47, 48–50
curves package, 15, 47\Cvar (circ), 577
cwpuzzle package, 704–708, 709
cyan syntax (xcolor), 722, 726
Cyan, Magenta, Yellow, Black (CMYK) color, 715, 719\cyclobutane (lowcycle), 527, 528
cyclohexane chair forms, 531\cyclohexaneh (carom), 523, 524, 527, 535\cyclohexanev (carom), 522, 523, 524, 527, 535, 538\cyclopentaneh (lowcycle), 526, 527\cyclopentanehi (lowcycle), 527\cyclopentanev (lowcycle), 526, 527\cyclopentanevi (lowcycle), 526, 527\cyclopropane (lowcycle), 528\cyclopropaneh (lowcycle), 527\cyclopropanehi (lowcycle), 527\cyclopropanev (lowcycle), 527, 539\cyclopropanevi (lowcycle), 527

D
D syntax (PMX), 638\D (circ), 577
d syntax(M-Tx), 654(PMX), 624, 625“d” in integrands, 513
D"..." syntax (PMX), 638
D<...D> syntax (PMX), 638\DANTE (tlgc), 729
darkgray syntax (xcolor), 726\DashArrowArc (axodraw), 558\DashArrowArcn (axodraw), 558\DashArrowLine (axodraw), 558\DashCArc (axodraw), 558\DashCurve (axodraw), 558\dashed (circ), 579
dashed (pic), 19\dashhasheddash (xymtexps), 538\DashLine (axodraw), 559\date (beamer), 754, 757, 761
date in head/foot syntax (beamer), 777
DB syntax (m-ch-en), 544\Dcap (circ), 577
dcolumn package, 737\dcqu (MusiXTEX), 592
dd syntax (PMX), 624, 625\ddummy (texmate), 682\deca (SIunits), 515\decaheteroh (hetarom), 529\decaheterohi (hetarom), 529\decaheterov (hetarom), 529, 530\decaheterovb (hetarom), 529

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GENERAL INDEX(D) 847\decaheterovi (hetarom), 529\decaheterovt (hetarom), 529
decaline derivatives, 525\decalineh (carom), 524, 527\decalinev (carom), 524, 527\decalinevb (carom), 527\decalinevt (carom), 527\decamethylene (methylen), 538\decamethylenei (methylen), 538\deci (SIunits), 515\DeclareGraphicsExtensions (graphics/graphicx), 33, 34\DeclareGraphicsRule (graphics/graphicx), 29, 34, 35
dedicated drawing tools, see drawing tools (dedicated).def file extension (graphics/graphicx), 24\defconsensus (texshade), 548
define (pic), 19\definechemical (m-ch-en), 543\definecolor(color), 743, 747, 748, 751(xcolor), 720, 721, 726, 727, 734\definecolorseries (xcolor), 734, 735, 736\definecolorset (xcolor), 727, 728
definition env. (beamer), 769
definitions env. (beamer), 769\DEP (MusiXTEX), 592\depth (graphics/graphicx), 38
depth key (graphicx), 29
derivation, 539
derived units, 514
description env. (beamer), 786
device color spaces, 715\DFF (circ), 579\dhqu (MusiXTEX), 592
dia program, 1, 6
\Diagram (feyn), 556, 557\diagram (texmate), 684\diagramcache (texmate), 685\diagrammove (texmate), 686\diagramnumber (texmate), 686
diagrams, see also graphs
character-based, 13
typesetting, 16\diagramsign (texmate), 685\diam(bridge), 702(tlgc), 699\diamondsuit, 698, 699\dimethylene (methylen), 538\dimethylenei (methylen), 538\ding (pifont), 724
direction key (beamer), 775\DirFromAngle (curve2e), 49, 50
Disable: syntax (M-Tx), 652
displaymath env. (pst-pdf), 800
displaymath option (pst-pdf), 800

dissolves, slides, 774, 775
diversity package, 549\DividE (curve2e), 49\DividECurve (curve2e), 49, 50\dmass (circ), 580
document env., xxxi
documentation, see also online resources
command-line interface, 815
panel interface, 816
search by name, 815
search by product, 816
texdoc, 815
texdock, 816\documentclass, xxxi
dollar sign ($), comment indicator (chess), 678\dontindentwhite (bg), 698\dontshowcube (bg), 697, 698\dontshowmoves (bg), 698\dontshownumbers (bg), 697\doqu (MusiXTEX), 592
dotted notes (musical), 622
dotted rhythms (musical), 604\dottedline (epic), 521
double bars (musical), 603
double flat symbol (musical), 605
double quotes ("..."), guitar chords, 608\doublerulesepcolor (colortbl), 742, 751
doublets (musical), 605
doubly dotted notes (musical), 622
down (pic), 19
down fermata ornaments (musical), 630\downbow (MusiXTEX), 592\downtrio (MusiXTEX), 592
dp key (beamer), 777
dpic program, 583\dqu (MusiXTEX), 592
DR syntax (m-ch-en), 544
draft key (graphicx), 29, 30
draft option(beamer), 753(graphics/graphicx), 25(pst-pdf), 800
DraTex package, 5, 15
drawing graphic objects, see graphics languages, seemanipulating graphic objects
drawing tools (dedicated), see also graphics languages
calculations, 1
Corel Draw, 1
dia, 1for plotting, 2, 17
gnuplot, 17
Maple, 2
Mathematica, 2
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848 (D–E)

GENERAL INDEX

drawing tools (dedicated) (cont.)
Octaviz, 2
Octplot, 2
overview, 1, 2
xfig, 1drawing types
algorithmic display, 5algorithmic structural, 5
art graphics
choosing a language for, 22
description, 4“black box”, 3, 4
computer generated, 5derived from textual representation, 5
free-hand pictures, 3, 4
object-oriented, 4, 5
overview, 3–6
photographs, 4
self-contained object-oriented, 4single object, 3, 4
\drumclef (MusiXTEX), 592\ds (MusiXTEX), 592, 594\dtetrastereo (aliphat), 533\Dtext (circ), 581\Dtrigonal (aliphat), 533\dtrigonal (aliphat), 533\dtrigpyramid (xymtexps), 540\duevolte (MusiXTEX), 592\dummy (texmate), 681, 682
duration key (beamer), 775
duration of musical notes, 622, 662
Dusty Miller musical example, 608
dvi2svg program, 13
dvipdf option(graphics/graphicx), 24(xcolor), 721
dvipdf program, 24
dvipdfm option(graphics/graphicx), 24(pict2e), 43(xcolor), 721
dvipdfm program, 24, 797, 798, 803
dvipdfmx option (xcolor), 721
dvipdfmx program, 797–799, 803, 804, 806
dvips option(graphics/graphicx), 24(pict2e), 43(xcolor), 721
dvips program, xxviii, 11, 16, 17, 24, 25, 558, 614, 618, 637, 719,
721, 722, 725, 797–801, 803–806
dvips.def file (graphics/graphicx), 24
dvipsnames option (xcolor), 721, 727
dvipsone option(graphics/graphicx), 24(xcolor), 721

dvipsone program, 17, 24
dvisvg program, 13
dvisvgm program, 13
dviwin option(graphics/graphicx), 24(xcolor), 721
dviwin program, 24
dynamic key (beamer), 767
dynamical marks (musical), 638

Ee syntax (PMX), 625, 628
E: syntax (abc), 602, 608
EB syntax (m-ch-en), 544\EBox (axodraw), 558\ECO (texmate), 683
edges (Feynman diagrams), 572
eepic package, 17, 20, 511, 521, 522
electrical circuits, see
and PSTricks index
electronic box symbols, 578
electronics diagrams
drawing position, moving, 580
electronic box symbols, 578
font for, 576–582
gate symbols, 578
integrated circuit symbols, 579
interactive generation, 586
junctions, 579
m4 macro processor, 583–585
npn transistor, 581
optics, 581
pin connections, 579
symbol connections, 579
symbols, 577
trigger symbols, 578\elemskip rigid length (MusiXTEX), 595, 597, 602
ellipse (pic), 17, 19
emphfields key (chessboard), 669\empty, xxxi
emTeX program, 24
emtex option(graphics/graphicx), 24(xcolor), 721
Enable: syntax (M-Tx), 652
encapsulation, 35, 36
Encore program, 588\endextract (MusiXTEX), 594, 596
endocyclic bonds, 523\endpiece (MusiXTEX), 594, 599
engineering drawings, see bioinformatics, see chemical formulas,see Feynman diagrams, see scientific texts\enotes (MusiXTEX), 591, 594–596, 599
enpassant package, 670\ensuremath, 699
enumerate env. (beamer), 770, 786

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GENERAL INDEX(E–F) 849

envcountsec option (beamer), 753
environment key (beamer), 759
Environment Variables), 63, 64
TEX (epic package, 15, 511, 520–522, 537
ePiX language, 20
ePiX program, 20.eps file extension, 35(graphics/graphicx), 35
EPS (Encapsulated PostScript), 35, 36
epsfig package, 42
epstopdf program, 804, 806
eqnarray env. (pst-pdf), 800
equal sign (=), natural symbol (musical), 605
equation env. (pst-pdf), 800
EQUILIBRIUM syntax (m-ch-en), 542, 546
ER syntax (m-ch-en), 544
etex program, 14\ethanestereo (aliphat), 533\ethylene (aliphat), 533
ethylene derivatives, 533\Ethylenev (aliphat), 533\ethylenev (aliphat), 533\ETri (axodraw), 558
evince program, 12\exa (SIunits), 515
example env. (beamer), 769
exampleblock env. (beamer), 778, 779
examples, this book, xxxi, xxxiii
Excel program, 21
exclamation points (!!), color expression, 732\ExecuteOptions, 25
expression marks (musical), 657, 658
ext key (graphicx), 29
external vertices (Feynman diagrams), 564\extrarowheight rigid length (array), 738–741
extsizes package, 753

F\f (MusiXTEX), 599
f syntax (PMX), 624, 625, 631, 636
fact env. (beamer), 769
family key (beamer), 793
family* key (beamer), 793
FAQs (Frequently Asked Questions), 809, see also online
resources\farad (SIunits), 514\fboxrule rigid length (xcolor), 723, 724\fboxsep rigid length (xcolor), 724, 748
fc syntax (PMX), 625\fcolorbox (xcolor), 720, 723, 724\fdmass (circ), 580\feature (texshade), 549\featureslarge (texshade), 549\femto (SIunits), 515\femtobarn (hepunits), 516
FEN (Forsyth-Edwards-Notation), 674\fenboard(skak), 674, 675–677(texmate), 684\fermatadown (MusiXTEX), 592\Fermataup (MusiXTEX), 592\fermataup (MusiXTEX), 592\Feyn (feyn), 557\feyn (feyn), 555–557
feyn package, 555–558
FeynArts package, 555
feynman package, 555
Feynman diagrams, see also scientific texts
arc segments with arrows, 560
arrows, 559–561
direct use ofcommands, 572
font for, 555–557
history of, 555
immediate modearcs, 572
definition, 563
diagrams in equations, 570
edges, 572
freezing diagrams, 570
labels, 571
loop diagrams, 569
overview, 569–572
overview, 561–563
photons, 561
PostScript, 558–561
transformers, 572
vertex dots, 560
vertex mode
algorithmic layout, 563–569
blobs, 566
coloring diagrams, 567
complex vertices, 567
definition, 563
external vertices, placing, 564
fill styles, 564
freezing a diagram, 567
internal vertices, 566
labels, 567, 568, 569
line styles, 565
line thickness, 566
line-drawing keywords, 566
polygon keywords, 567, 568
vertex styles, 564
vertex-drawing keywords, 567
vertices, as dots, 566
vertices, connecting, 565
zigzag lines, 559, 560
feynmf package, 561–572
feynmp package, 562, 572

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GENERAL INDEX

ff syntax (PMX), 625
ffc syntax (PMX), 625\fff (circ), 579
fg key (beamer), 776, 794, 795\figfont (chessfss), 670, 671\figsymbol (chessfss), 671
figure env. (beamer), 780
figures, slides, 780
Figurine chess symbols, 671
file extensions
search order, 33, 34
specifying, 29, 34, 35
file name parsing, suppressing, 29
file type, specifying, 34
filecontents* env., 710
fill styles (Feynman diagrams), 564
fill-in puzzles, 707, see also crosswords
final option(graphics/graphicx), 25(pst-pdf), 800
Finale program, 588\fingerprint (texshade), 550
finite state diagrams, see
and PSTricks index
firstsection key (beamer), 783
FIVE syntax (m-ch-en), 542\fivefuseh (fusering), 537\fivefusehi (fusering), 537\fivefusev (fusering), 537\fivefusevi (fusering), 537\fiveheteroh (hetarom), 529\fiveheterohi (hetarom), 529\fiveheterov (hetarom), 528, 529, 539\fiveheterovi (hetarom), 529\fiveunitv (hetarom), 534\fiveunitvi (hetarom), 534\fla (MusiXTEX), 593\flageolett (MusiXTEX), 592
flat symbol (musical), 605
Flats: syntax (M-Tx), 652, 656
flow program, 16
flow charts, 16, see also
index
flow language, 16\fmf (feynmf), 561, 565, 567–572\fmfblob (feynmf), 566\fmfblobn (feynmf), 566\fmfbottom (feynmf), 565\fmfbottomn (feynmf), 565\fmfcmd (feynmf), 572\fmfcurved (feynmf), 565\fmfcyclen (feynmf), 565, 572\fmfdot (feynmf), 561, 566, 568, 569\fmfdotn (feynmf), 566, 570
fmffile env. (feynmf), 562\fmffixed (feynmf), 569, 570\fmffreeze (feynmf), 567, 569, 570





fmfgraph env. (feynmf), 568, 569
fmfgraph* env. (feynmf), 561, 568, 570–572\fmfi (feynmf), 569, 570\fmfiequ (feynmf), 569\fmfipair (feynmf), 570\fmfipath (feynmf), 569, 570\fmfiv (feynmf), 569, 570\fmflabel (feynmf), 568, 570\fmfleft (feynmf), 561, 565, 569–572\fmfleftn (feynmf), 565, 568, 569\fmfn (feynmf), 565\fmfpen (feynmf), 566\fmfpoly (feynmf), 567\fmfrcyclen (feynmf), 565\fmfright (feynmf), 561, 565, 569–572\fmfrightn (feynmf), 565, 568, 569\fmfstraight (feynmf), 565\fmfsurround (feynmf), 565\fmftop (feynmf), 565\fmftopn (feynmf), 565\fmfv (feynmf), 566\fmfvn (feynmf), 566\fmpolyn (feynmf), 567.fmt file extension (abc), 612
foiltex package, 719
fontenc package, 752
fonts
cchess46 (cchess), 688
chess
Figurine symbols, 671
generic mechanism, 669–673
list of, 670
normal characters, 671
selecting, 672, 673
switching, 672
electronics diagrams, 576–582
feyn (feyn), 555–557
Feynman diagrams, 555–557
gosign50 (go), 691
optics diagrams, 576–582
skaknew (skak), 673
slides, 758
Symbol (pstricks), 250
timing diagrams, 573
ZapfDingbats (pstricks), 249, 250
footline syntax (beamer), 773, 777\footnote (beamer), 789
footnotes, slides, 789
Forsyth-Edwards-Notation (FEN), 674
FOUR syntax (m-ch-en), 542
four-color harmonics, 718
four-member carbon cycles, 528\fourhetero (hetarom), 528, 529
fractals, see
and PSTricks index
fragile key (beamer), 759, 790, 791

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GENERAL INDEX(F–G)\Frame (cwpuzzle), 704, 705\frame (beamer), 754, 758, 761
frame env. (beamer), 754, 758, 759, 761, 776, 784, 790
frame key (beamer), 789, 790\frameblock (texshade), 549
frames, see also boxes
slides, creating, 758
text in slides, 775, 776\framesubtitle (beamer), 759
framesubtitle syntax (beamer), 794\frametitle (beamer), 754, 755, 759
frametitle syntax (beamer), 794
free-hand pictures, 3, 4
freezing a Feynman diagram, 567, 570
Frequently Asked Questions (FAQs), see online resources\from (circ), 580
from (pic), 19\frompin (circ), 580, 581\fullboard (bg), 697\fullincr (bg), 698\furanose (hcycle), 532, 539
furanoses, 532
fused five- and six-member rings, 530
fused rings, 524
fusering package, 537
fusing ring units, 536

G\G (circ), 578\G2Text (axodraw), 558
game env. (bg), 696, 697, 698
games, see backgammon, see bridge, see chess, see crosswords,
see Go, see Sudoku\gapchar (texshade), 550
gastex package, 15
gate option (circ), 577
gate symbols, 578\gauss (hepunits), 516\GBox (axodraw), 558\GBoxc (axodraw), 558\GCirc (axodraw), 558\generalmeter (MusiXTEX), 596, 599\generalsignature (MusiXTEX), 593, 596\generategrid (createsudoku), 711\genfile (createsudoku), 711
gensud.sud file (createsudoku), 711\geometricskipscale (MusiXTEX), 595
geometry, see
and PSTricks index\getproblem (solvesudoku), 711\getsequence (textopo), 551, 552\GeV (hepunits), 516.gf file extension (feynmf), 563
gftopk program, 563
ghostscript program, xxv, xxvi, xxviii, 11, 12, 798
ghostview program, xxvi, xxviii, 10, 36, 804

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851

\GHz (hepunits), 516\giga (SIunits), 515
GIMP program, 4, 17
gis syntax (LilyPond), 662
GIVES syntax (m-ch-en), 546
global A options (musical), 643\GlueArc (axodraw), 558\Gluon (axodraw), 558\GND (circ), 581
gnuplot program, 17, 18
Gogoban (board)
captions, 694
clearing, 694
copying, 694, 695
displaying, 693, 694
rotating, 695
size, 694
history of, 690, 691
stonesidentifying, 692
placing, 691, 692, 693
typesetting, 695
go package, 690, 691\gobansize (igo), 693\gobansymbol (igo), 692, 693, 694\gosign (tlgc), 691\GOval (axodraw), 558
gpic program, 16, 17, 19, 583, 584
grace notes (musical){} (curly braces), 607~ (tilde), 607
in xtuplets, 627
LilyPond, 663
PMX, 627, 629, 630
gracings (musical), 607
grad syntax (xcolor), 734–736
gradients (table), color, 747, 748\gram (SIunits), 516
graphic objects
conflicting requirements, 3
definition, 2
drawing, see graphics languages, see manipulating graphic
objects
manipulating, see manipulating graphic objects
typesetting, 2, 3graphics
elements, SVG, 12
files, including, see including graphics files
rotatingbounding box, 27, 31, 32
graphic objects, 39–42\includegraphics keys, 29
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GENERAL INDEX

graphics (cont.)
scalingbounding box, 27, 29
graphic objects, 37\includegraphics keys, 29, 30
text, 37
slides, 792
systems, typesetting, 2, 3graphics package, 2, 3, 7, 8, 10, 23–27, 30, 33–40, 791
graphics languages, see also drawing tools
AlDraTex package, 15
DraTex package, 15
CGM (Computer Graphics Metafile), 13
character-based diagrams and pictures, 13
choosing, 21, 22
diagrams, typesetting, 16
ePix, 20flow language, 16
for basic objects, 17, 18, 19, 20
for plotting, 17, 18
gnuplot, 17
pic, 17, 19
graphsdrawing, 17, 18
typesetting, 16
kernel drawing language, 16
LATEX picture mode extensions, 15, 16
, see
index
PDF (Portable Document Format), 11, 12
pic, 17–20
PICTEX, 13, 14
pictures, 17–20
pictures from fonts, 13
PostScript, 10, 11
PSTricks, see PSTricks index
structured drawing, 20
SVG (Scalable Vector Graphics), 12, 13
TEX-based, 13–17
WebCGM, 13
XY-pic, 16graphics.cfg file (graphics/graphicx), 25\graphicspath (graphics/graphicx), 33
graphicx package, 23–25, 28–42, 800
graphs, see also
, PSTricks, and XY-pic index, see also
diagrams, see also plotting
drawing, 17, 18
graphics languages
drawing, 17, 18
typesetting, 16
histogram, 14
pie chart, 15
typesetting, 16
GRASS program, 21
Grassman’s Law, 714
Gray option (xcolor), 721



Gray syntax (xcolor), 728, 729\gray (SIunits), 514
gray option (xcolor), 721
gray syntax(color), 720(xcolor), 720, 723, 728–730
gray color model, 719\grcl (MusiXTEX), 592\grcu (MusiXTEX), 592
green syntax (xcolor), 722, 726, 727\gregorianCclef (MusiXTEX), 592\gregorianFclef (MusiXTEX), 592
grid key (beamer), 794
grids, see
and PSTricks index\GText (axodraw), 558\GTri (axodraw), 558
guitar chords, 608, 611, 612
guitar diagrams, drawing, 612
gunzip program, 35\Gvar (circ), 578

H
H syntax (PMX), 636\H (chemsym), 517\h (chemsym), 517
h syntax (PMX), 631, 632, 636\ha (MusiXTEX), 593\halfboard (bg), 697\halfincr (bg), 698\hand(bridge), 700–702(tlgc), 699
handidness of substituents, 522, 531, 535
handout option (beamer), 753\hanthracenev (lowcycle), 527\hanthracenv (carom), 524
harmonic color circle, 717
harmonies, color, 717, 718\HBLens (circ), 580\hbox, 725
hcycle package, 520, 532
headerCol syntax (beamer), 776
headings (table), color, 748\heart(bridge), 702(tlgc), 699\heartsuit, 698, 699\hecto (SIunits), 515\height (graphics/graphicx), 38
height (pic), 19
height key (graphicx), 29, 31, 32
helicalwheel env. (textopo), 551, 552
helixwheel env. (textopo), 552
help, see online resources\henry (SIunits), 514

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GENERAL INDEX(H–I) 853

hepnicenames package, 512, 560
heppennames package, 512, 560\heptamethylene (methylen), 538\heptamethylenei (methylen), 538
hepunits package, 516, 517\hertz (SIunits), 514
hetarom package, 520, 528, 530, 534
hetaromh package, 520, 528, 534
heterocyclic compounds, 528–530\hexamethylene (methylen), 538\hexamethylenei (methylen), 538\hflipgoban (igo), 695
HH syntax (PMX), 636\hhline(colortbl), 751(hhline), 750
hhline package, 737, 742, 750
hide key value (beamer), 753
hideallsubsections key (beamer), 783\hideconsensus (texshade), 548
hideerrors option (xcolor), 721\hidelegend (textopo), 553\hidemoves (skak), 677, 678, 679\hidenumbering (texshade), 549
hideothersubsections key (beamer), 783
hiderotate option (graphics/graphicx), 25\hiderowcolors (xcolor), 740
hidescale option (graphics/graphicx), 25\hideTMlabels (textopo), 551
hiding/showing
chess pieces, 676
slidesalternative text, 769
opaqueness, 768
slide elements, 767
specific rows, 765
successive columns, 763
successive rows, 763
transparency, 768
high-energy physics, units, 516\highlight (skak), 676
highlighting
chess, 676
nucleotide sequences, 548–550
peptide sequences, 548–550
slides, parts of elements, 771
table elements, with color, 745, 749, 750
text in tables, 744
highlydynamic key (beamer), 767
hiresbb key (graphicx), 28
hiresbb option (graphics/graphicx), 25
HiResBoundingBox (PostScript), 25, 28\hl (MusiXTEX), 592, 593\hline (colortbl), 741
How To Ask Questions The Smart Way, 810\Hpause (MusiXTEX), 592\hpause (MusiXTEX), 592, 594, 599\hpausep (MusiXTEX), 592\hphenanthrenev(carom), 524(lowcycle), 527\HR (tlgc), 26\hs (MusiXTEX), 592
HSB option (xcolor), 721
HSB syntax (xcolor), 728, 729
Hsb syntax (xcolor), 728, 729
hsb option (xcolor), 721
hsb syntax(color), 720(xcolor), 720, 728, 729
HSB (Hue, Saturation, Brightness) color, 715, 719\HSLens (circ), 580
HSV (Hue, Saturation, Value) color, 715
ht key (beamer), 777, 794
HTML option (xcolor), 721
HTML syntax (xcolor), 728, 729\htopin (circ), 579, 581\hu (MusiXTEX), 592, 593, 594\HVLens (circ), 580\hyperlink (beamer), 784, 785\hyperlinkappendixend (beamer), 786\hyperlinkappendixstart (beamer), 786\hyperlinkdocumentend (beamer), 786\hyperlinkdocumentstart (beamer), 786\hyperlinkframeend (beamer), 786\hyperlinkframeendprev (beamer), 786\hyperlinkframestart (beamer), 786\hyperlinkframestartnext (beamer), 786\hyperlinkmovie (beamer), 774\hyperlinkmute (beamer), 774\hyperlinkpresentationend (beamer), 786\hyperlinkpresentationstart (beamer), 786
hyperlinks, slides, 784–818\hyperlinkslidenext (beamer), 786\hyperlinkslideprev (beamer), 786\hyperlinksound (beamer), 774
hyperref option(beamer), 753(xcolor), 721
hyperref package, 721, 753, 783, 798, 803–805\hypertarget (beamer), 783, 784, 785
hyphen (-), tie symbol, 607, 608

I
I syntax (PMX), 648\I (circ), 577
i syntax (pic), 19
I: syntax (abc), 608\ib (MusiXTEX), 599\ibbu (MusiXTEX), 597

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GENERAL INDEX\ibl (MusiXTEX), 596, 597\ibu (MusiXTEX), 596, 597
ic option (circ), 577\ifont (texmate), 687
ignorebg key (beamer), 777
ignoreonframetext option (beamer), 753
igo package, 691–695\igobreakafterdiagram (igo), 694\igocircle (igo), 692\igocross (igo), 692, 695\igofontsize (igo), 693, 694\igonone (igo), 691, 692\igosquare (igo), 692, 695\igotriangle (igo), 692, 695\iiclose (texmate), 687\iiiclose (texmate), 687\iiifont (texmate), 687\iiiopen (texmate), 687\iiopen (texmate), 687
illustrations, see drawing
Illustrator program, 586
image file location, specifying, 33
ImageMagick program, 7, 17
images, see drawing\imidazolev (hetarom), 530\imidazolevi (hetarom), 530
immediate mode (Feynman diagrams)
arcs, 572
definition, 563
diagrams in equations, 570
edges, 572
freezing diagrams, 570
labels, 571
loop diagrams, 569
overview, 569–572\Impulse (circ), 578
inactive option (pst-pdf), 800\includegraphics(beamer), 791, 792, 794(graphics), 26, 27, 33–35(graphicx), 24, 25, 28, 30–32, 33–35\includegraphics*(graphics), 25, 27(graphicx), 28
including graphics files
aspect ratio, keeping, 29, 31
bounding box
aspect ratio, keeping, 29
clipping graphics to, 29, 30
comments, 25, 28
draft mode, 25, 29, 30
final mode, 25
fitting to graphics, 26, 27
height, 28, 29, 32\includegraphics syntax, 28–32

including graphics files (cont.)
resizing, 27
rotated material, hiding, 25
rotating, 27, 31, 32
scaled material, hiding, 25
scaling, 27, 29
specifying, 28, 30
trimming space, 28, 30
viewports, 28, 30
width, 28, 29
commands, inserting, 35
declarations, 33–35
default key values, setting, 32, 33
draft mode, 25, 30
encapsulation, 35, 36
file extensions
search order, 33, 34
specifying, 29, 34, 35
file name parsing, suppressing, 29
file type, specifying, 34
final mode, 25height, 28, 29, 31, 32
image size, 29\includegraphics syntax, 25–32
location of image files, 33
options, 24, 25
rotated material, hiding, 25
rotation, 29, 31, 32
scaled material, hiding, 25
scaling, 29, 30
scaling factor, 29, 30
trimming space, 28, 30
viewports, 28, 30
width, 28, 29, 31
indane derivatives, 528\indaneh (lowcycle), 527\indanehi (lowcycle), 527, 528\indanev (lowcycle), 526, 527, 528\indanevi (lowcycle), 527
Indent: syntax (M-Tx), 651, 652\indentwhite (bg), 698\indolev (hetarom), 530\indolevi (hetarom), 530\indolizinev (hetarom), 530\indolizinevi (hetarom), 530\inffont (chessfss), 673\infsymbol (chessfss), 673
inputenc package, 752, 753\insertbackfindforwardnavigationsymbol (beamer),773\insertdocnavigationsymbol (beamer), 773\insertframenavigationsymbol (beamer), 773\insertframenumber (beamer), 777\insertframesubtitle (beamer), 794\insertlogo (beamer), 776, 777iich-end.tex,v: 1.24
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GENERAL INDEX(I–L) 855\insertsectionnavigationsymbol (beamer), 773\insertshortdate (beamer), 777\insertshortframetitle (beamer), 759\insertslidenavigationsymbol (beamer), 773\insertsubsectionnavigationsymbol (beamer), 773\inserttotalframenumber (beamer), 777\inst (beamer), 761\institute (beamer), 761\instrumentnumber (MusiXTEX), 596
instruments (musical)
clefs, 621
definition, 617
names, 621
number of, 596, 619
integrated circuit symbols, 579
intensity, color, 718
internal vertices (Feynman diagrams), 566
International System of Units (SI), 512–516
internote spacing (musical), 602\invfemtobarn (hepunits), 516\invisible (beamer), 768, 784
invisible key (beamer), 767
invisibleenv env. (beamer), 770\invpicobarn (hepunits), 516\islurd (MusiXTEX), 597\isluru (MusiXTEX), 596, 597, 599\isobenzofuranev (hetarom), 530\isobenzofuranevi (hetarom), 530\isoindolev (hetarom), 520, 530\isoindolevi (hetarom), 530\isoquinolinev (hetarom), 530\isoquinolinevi (hetarom), 530\isotope (isotope), 518
isotope package, 518\isotopestyle (isotope), 518\isoxazolev (hetarom), 530\isoxazolevi (hetarom), 530\item (beamer), 770, 786, 787, 788
itemize env. (beamer), 771, 772, 786, 787\itenu (MusiXTEX), 599\IvaR (circ), 577\ivfont (texmate), 687

J
j syntax (PMX), 631\JKMSFF (circ), 579\joule (SIunits), 514, 516\jouleperkilogramkelvinnp (SIunits), 516.jpeg file extension (pst-pdf), 806\junction (circ), 579
junctions, 579

K
K syntax (PMX), 640, 641

K type slurs (musical), 636
K: syntax (abc), 601, 603, 604–606\kat (SIunits), 514
keepaspectratio key (graphicx), 29, 31, 32\keepreducing (solvesudoku), 711\kelvin (SIunits), 514, 516\kemtkn (chemsym), 517
kernel drawing language, 16\key (LilyPond), 662, 663–665
key (musical)
changes, 641
LilyPond, 662
notation, 601
signature, 620
keyval package, 33\kilo (SIunits), 515\kilogram (SIunits), 514\kilogrampersecondcubicmetrenp (SIunits), 516\king (chessfss), 672\kinveV (hepunits), 516\knight (chessfss), 672\kqu (MusiXTEX), 592

L
L syntax (PMX), 642\L (circ), 577\l (MusiXTEX), 592
l syntax (PMX), 625, 631, 633, 637, 641\l... (MusiXTEX), 594
L: syntax(M-Tx), 655, 659, 660(abc), 601, 603, 604\La (circ), 577
lab apparatus, see PSTricks index\label (beamer), 783, 785
label key (beamer), 759, 761\labelregion (textopo), 553
labelsFeynman diagrams, 567, 568, 569, 571
slides, 785
timing diagrams, 573\labelstyle (textopo), 553
large option (skak), 675\largeboard(cchess), 690(skak), 675\largegoban (igo), 694\larw (timing), 575\Laser (circ), 580, 581
last syntax (xcolor), 734\lastmove (skak), 679
latex program, 797, 800, 801, 803, 804, 806
LATEX files, obtaining
web access, 810, 811, 812, 813, 814\LED (circ), 577

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GENERAL INDEX

left (pic), 19
left key (beamer), 777\leftdiagramturn (texmate), 686\leftrepeat (MusiXTEX), 592\leftrightrepeat (MusiXTEX), 592
leftskip key (beamer), 777, 794
libcct.m4 file (pic), 583\lifthpause (MusiXTEX), 592\liftpause (MusiXTEX), 592
light, and color, 714
lightgray syntax (xcolor), 726
LilyPond language, 661–665
LilyPond program, xxviii, 661–665
LilyPond notation system, see music scores (LilyPond)\LinAxis (axodraw), 559\LINE (curve2e), 47, 48–50\Line(axodraw), 559(curve2e), 47, 48–50\line, 43(curve2e), 47, 48–50(pict2e), 43, 44
line (pic), 17
line graphics
arrow styles, 44
Bézier curves
cubic, 47
quadratic, 46, 47
circles, 45
curves, 47, 48–50
limitations, 42, 43
ovals, 45, 46
overview, 42, 43
radii, specifying, 45, 46
representing complex numbers, 49, 50
slope arguments, 44
line styles (Feynman diagrams), 565
line-drawing keywords (Feynman diagrams), 566
lines (musical)
breaks, 642
definition, 617
lines (rules), see also connections
stylesFeynman diagrams, 564, 565, 566
thickness, 566
tables, color
adding, 748
inside the table, 749
partial, 751
selected, 750
whole table, 741
width, 751\linethickness, 47(pict2e), 44, 45, 46(timing), 576\linewidth rigid length, 33
linewidth key (chessboard), 669
linguistics, see PSTricks and XY-pic index
list env., 724
list items, slides, 786–788
listings package, 790
lists, colored, 724\lmoiety (chemstr), 522, 526\ln (circ), 579\loadgame (skak), 679
locant package, 520.log file extension (feynmf), 562, 567\LogAxis (axodraw), 559
logical circuit diagrams, see XY-pic index
logical meter (musical), 620\logo (beamer), 776, 777, 792, 794
logos, slides, 776, 777\longa (LilyPond), 663\LongArrow (axodraw), 559\LongArrowArc (axodraw), 559\LongArrowArcn (axodraw), 559
longtable package, 517, 737, 742
loop diagrams (Feynman diagrams), 569\loopextent (textopo), 552, 553\loopfoot (textopo), 553
lowcycle package, 520, 526
lower key (beamer), 778
lower-order cycles, 527, 528\lppz (MusiXTEX), 592\lpz (MusiXTEX), 592\lpzst (MusiXTEX), 592\lsf (MusiXTEX), 592\lsfz (MusiXTEX), 592\lsqu (MusiXTEX), 592\lst (MusiXTEX), 592\ltetrahedralS (aliphat), 540\ltrigona (aliphat), 533.ltx file extension, xxxi
ltxarrows option (pict2e), 44.ltxb file extension, xxxi
\lumiunits (hepunits), 516.ly file extension, xxxi
(LilyPond), 665\lyl (chemstr), 535, 536
lyrics (musical)
global adjustment, 653
M-Tx, 659, 660
PMX, 647

Mm syntax (PMX), 629, 630, 631, 640
M type slurs (musical), 637, 638
m-ch-en package, 541–547
M-Tx notation system, see music scores (M-Tx)
M-Tx language, xxviii, 616, 617, 651–660

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GENERAL INDEX(M) 857

M-Tx program, 647.m4 file extension, xxxi
m4 program, 576, 583, 584
M: syntax (abc), 601, 604, 605, 606
magenta syntax (xcolor), 722, 726
magnifying glass eﬀect, see PSTricks index\mainline (skak), 677, 678, 679\major (LilyPond), 663–665\makeatletter, xxxii, xxxiii\makeatother, xxxii, xxxiii\makebarchess (texmate), 680\makebarother (texmate), 680\makebox
zero-width, 37(cwpuzzle), 705
makecirc package, 576\makediagrams (texmate), 685, 686\makediagramsfont (texmate), 686\makegametitle (texmate), 683
makeindex program, 806\maketitle (beamer), 754, 757, 761
manipulating graphic objects
aspect ratio, keeping, 38
height, changing, 38, 39, see also bounding box
line graphics
arrow styles, 44
circles, 45, see also circles, see also ovals
cubic Bézier curves, 47
curves, 47, 48–50
limitations, 42, 43
ovals, 45, 46
overview, 42, 43
quadratic Bézier curves, 46, 47
radii, specifying, 45, 46
representing complex numbers, 49, 50
slope arguments, 44
resizing, 38, 39
rotating
LATEX box, 39–42
reference point, 40–42
scaling, 37
width, changing, 38, 39
Maple program, 2markfields key (chessboard), 669
markfile key (chessboard), 669
markstyle key (chessboard), 669
masking color, 737
Mathematica program, 1, 21
mathematical functions, symbols for, 512
mathematical plots, see PSTricks index\mathrm, 512
MATLAB program, 2matrices, see PSTricks and XY-pic index\maxovalrad (pict2e), 45, 46
mechanical drawings, see
index



mediumqspace option (SIunits), 515
mediumspace option (SIunits), 515\mega (SIunits), 515
membrane protein topology plots, 551–553
language, 21, see also
index
, see
index
package, see
index
, see
index
meter (musical)
abc notation system, 601
changes, 640, 654
logical, 620
M-Tx, 654
PMX, 640
representation, 620
Meter: syntax (M-Tx), 651, 652\meterC (MusiXTEX), 592\meterfrac (MusiXTEX), 596, 599\meterplus (MusiXTEX), 592
methylen package, 537\metre (SIunits), 514, 516\metron (MusiXTEX), 592\Mev (hepunits), 516\MeVoverc (hepunits), 516\meVoverc (hepunits), 516\MeVovercsq (hepunits), 516
mfpic package, 21, 583\MHz (hepunits), 516\micro (SIunits), 515, 516.mid file extension (PMX), 648\middlecube (bg), 696, 697
MIDI language, 610, 647–649, 660
MIDI mnemonics, 649\milli (SIunits), 515
minus sign (-), color expression, 732\Mirror (circ), 580, 581\mirrorgoban (igo), 695
mixing color, 731\mode (beamer), 760, 796\mode* (beamer), 753, 796\mole (SIunits), 514, 516
molecules, aligning with bonds, 546\momentum (feyn), 556, 557
monochrome, 721
monochrome option (xcolor), 721\Mordent (MusiXTEX), 592\mordent (MusiXTEX), 592
MOV syntax (m-ch-en), 544\move (bg), 697, 698
move (pic), 19
mover option (skak), 676\moverel (circ), 580
moveroff option (skak), 676\movie (beamer), 774
movies, slides, 774

  






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i“tlgc2” — 2007/8/17 — 15:24 — page 858 — #40ii858 (M)

GENERAL INDEX

Mozart example, 651.mp file extension, xxxi
mpost program, 637\mrad (hepunits), 516\MRs (textopo), 551, 553.mtx file extension, xxxi
\multicolumn, 701(colortbl), 737, 739\multido (multido), 45
multimedia package, 774\MultVect (curve2e), 49, 50
music env. (MusiXTEX), 594, 595, 596, 599
music scores, overview, 587–589
music scores (abc2mtex)
abc notation system, 600’ (right quote), octave indicator, 603(...), slur symbol, 607, 608, (comma), octave indicator, 603- (hyphen), tie symbol, 607, 608= (equal sign), natural symbol, 605[] (square brackets), chord symbols, 608"..." (double quotes), guitar chords, 608{} (curly braces), grace notes, 607~ (tilde), grace notes, 607^(caret), sharp symbol, 605^^(carets), double flat symbol, 605_ (underscore), flat symbol, 605__ (underscores), double flat symbol, 605
accents, 607
accidentals, 605
bar symbols, 603
bars, 603
beams, 606
broken rhythms, 604
changing key, 606
chords, 608
compound time signatures, 605
dotted rhythms, 604
double bars, 603
doublets, 605
Dusty Miller example, 608
fiddler instructions, 607
gracings, 607
guitar chords, 608
information fields, description of, 601, 602
information fields, table of, 602
internote spacing, 602
key, 601
lowercase letters, 603
meter, 601
musical information, 601
note length, 601, 603, 604
note pitch, 603
order of symbols, 608
pitch, 603, 604

music scores (abc2mtex) (cont.)
quadruplets, 605
repeat symbols, 603
sequence number, 602
slurs, 607
song title, 602
staccato marks, 607
tempo, 602
ties, 607
triplets, 605
uppercase letters, 603
writing source, 601
abcPlus extensions, 609–612
Bach example, 610
external programs, calling, 615
guitar chords, 611, 612
guitar diagrams, drawing, 612
including in LATEX documents, 612–614, 615
overview, 600
PostScript definitions, 612
writing to PDF, 614
music scores (LilyPond)
accents, 663
chords, 663
notes
accents, 663
beams, 663
chords, 663
duration, 662, 663
grace notes, 663
key, 662
notation, 661
ornaments, 664
pitch, 662
slurs, 663, 664
triplets, 664
ornaments, 664
rests, 663
running LilyPond, 665
slurs, 663, 664
source language, 661–665
triplets, 664
music scores (M-Tx)
annotations, 657, 658
bar changes, 654
beams, 654, 655
body of file, 654–658
chords, 656, 657
clefs, 653
expression marks, 657, 658
horizontal adjustment, 658
instruments, definition, 617
lines, definition, 617
lyrics, 659, 660
global adjustment, 653

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i“tlgc2” — 2007/8/17 — 15:24 — page 859 — #41

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GENERAL INDEX(M) 859

music scores (M-Tx) (cont.)
meter changes, 654
Mozart example, 651
overview, 651, 652
pickups, 654
preamble of file, 652, 653
slurs
blind, 655
broken, 655
description, 654, 655
dotted, 655
notation, 654
staves, 617, 652
symbols, definition, 617
systems, definition, 617
vertical adjustment, 658
voice
definition, 617
labels, 653
spacing after, 653
words, definition, 617
music scores (MusiXTEX){} (curly braces), around arguments, 596
Bach example, 590
Bartok example, 596
beams, 597
chords, 594
commands, 592
instruments, number of, 596
notescommands, 595
pitch, 590, 593
spacing, 595
symbols, 592, 593, 594
timing, 590
preprocessors, 615, 616, 617
running MusiXTEX, 597, 598, 599
slurs, 597
source structure, 591
type sizes, 596
music scores (PMX)% (percent sign), comment indicator, 619
allegro, 646
allegro vivace, 644
blocks, 622
body of file, 621
horizontal spacing, manual adjustment, 643
inline TEX commands, 646
instruments
clefs, 621
definition, 617
names, 621
number of, 619
key signature, 620
lines, definition, 617

music scores (PMX) (cont.)
logical meter, 620
lyrics, 647
meter representation, 620
MIDI, 647
MIDI mnemonics, 649
notation, all voices
bar symbols, 639
bars, 639
global A options, 643
key changes, 641
line breaks, 642
meter changes, 640
page breaks, 642
page layout, 642
page numbering, 642
repeats, 639
text blocks, 641
title blocks, 641
voltas, 640
notation, staves
accidentals, 622, 624, 628
arpeggio, 629
basic duration, 622
beams, 631, 632, 633
beams for xtuplets, 627, 628
chords, 628, 629
clef changes, 639
definition, 617
dotted notes, 622
doubly dotted notes, 622
down fermata ornaments, 630
duration of notes, 622
dynamical marks, 638
grace notes, 629, 630
grace notes, in xtuplets, 627
height, 620
horizontal displacement, 624
note parameters, 624, 625
notes, 622, 623, 624
number of, 619
octaves, 623
on staves, 622–624
ornaments, 630, 631
parameters, 623, 624, 625
pitch, 622
pointed rhythms, 624
rests, 625, 626
slurs, 634–638
staccato ornaments, 630
stems, 623, 624
tenuto ornaments, 630
ties, 634, 635, 637
xtuplets, 626, 627, 628iich-end.tex,v: 1.24
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i“tlgc2” — 2007/8/17 — 15:24 — page 860 — #42ii

860 (M–N)

GENERAL INDEX

music scores (PMX) (cont.)
notes
accidentals, 622, 624, 628
basic duration, 622
dotted, 622
doubly dotted, 622
duration, 622
grace notes, 629, 630
horizontal displacement, 624
octaves, 623
on staves, 622–624
parameters, 623, 624, 625
pitch, 622
pointed rhythms, 624
stems, 623, 624
numerical parameters, 619, 620
output path, 621
overview, 618
page height and width, 642
pages, number of, 620
parts of, 619
pickup bar length, 620
pickups, 620
PMX commands, 650
preamble of file, 619, 620, 621
signature, 620
splitting apart, 647, 648
structure of a score, 619
symbols, definition, 617
systems
definition, 617
indentation, 620
number of, 620
voice, definition, 617
words, definition, 617
music scores (TEX)
inline commands, 646
overview, 589, 590
with
, 666
music scores (TEXmuse), 666
MusicTEX package, 589
musixflx program, 595, 597, 599, 618
musixlyr.tex package, 647, 659, 660
musixpss program, 637
MusiXTEX package, xxvi, xxviii, xxxi, 588, 589–599, 602, 615–617,
623, 628, 634, 635, 646–648, 658, 660, 661
MusiXTEX notation system, see music scores (MusiXTEX).mx1 file extension (MusiXTEX), 597, 598, 599.mx2 file extension (MusiXTEX), 597, 598
myhexagon.sty file (tlgc), xxxiii\MyRot (tlgc), 39

  Nn syntax (PMX), 624, 625
Name: syntax (M-Tx), 651, 652

named syntax(color), 720(xcolor), 720, 722, 727
named colors
behavior options, 721
support for, 719
within documents, 725\nameseq (texshade), 549\namesit (texshade), 549\namesrm (texshade), 549\NAND (circ), 578\nano (SIunits), 515\naphdrh (carom), 524, 525, 535, 536\naphdrv (carom), 524, 525\naphdrvb (carom), 525\naphdrvt (carom), 525
nassflow package, 15
natheight key (graphicx), 28
natural option (xcolor), 721
natural symbol (musical), 605
natwidth key (graphicx), 28
navigation bar, slides, 772, 773, 774
navigation symbols syntax (beamer), 773, 777\nbb (MusiXTEX), 599
nc syntax (PMX), 625
nesting chess variations, 679
netpbm program, 7
nets, drawing, 15\newcolumntype (array), 738\newgame(skak), 674, 675, 678, 679(texmate), 683
NEWMAN syntax (m-ch-en), 542
news groups, 810, see also online resources\newton (SIunits), 514
Newtonian mechanics symbols, 580\nextdiagrambottom (texmate), 685, 686\nextdiagramtop (texmate), 685, 686\nfet (circ), 577
nicefrac package, 513\nl (circ), 581
noamsthm option (beamer), 753\nobarnumbers (MusiXTEX), 599\nodiagrammove (texmate), 686\nodiagramnames (texmate), 686\nodiagramnumber (texmate), 686\nodiagramturn (texmate), 686\nonaheteroh (hetarom), 529\nonaheterohi (hetarom), 529\nonaheterov (hetarom), 520, 529, 530\nonaheterovi (hetarom), 529, 539\nonamethylene (methylen), 538\nonamethylenei (methylen), 538
nopstricks option (pst-pdf), 800\NOR (circ), 578

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i“tlgc2” — 2007/8/17 — 15:24 — page 861 — #43

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GENERAL INDEX(N) 861

normal option (skak), 675
normal text syntax (beamer), 795\normalboard(bg), 697, 698(cchess), 690(skak), 675\normalgoban (igo), 694\normalsize (LilyPond), 663
notation (chess)commentaries, 681, 682
overview, 680–683
threats, 681
variations, 680, 682, 683
notation (musical), see also music scores (abc2mtex)
all voices
bar symbols, 639
bars, 639
global A options, 643
key changes, 641
line breaks, 642
meter changes, 640
page breaks, 642
page layout, 642
page numbering, 642
repeats, 639
text blocks, 641
title blocks, 641
voltas, 640
stavesaccidentals, 622, 624, 628
arpeggio, 629
basic duration, 622
beams, 631, 632, 633
beams for xtuplets, 627, 628
chords, 628, 629
clef changes, 639
definition, 617
dotted notes, 622
doubly dotted notes, 622
down fermata ornaments, 630
duration of notes, 622
dynamical marks, 638
grace notes, 629, 630
grace notes, in xtuplets, 627
height, 620
horizontal displacement, 624
note parameters, 624, 625
notes, 622, 623, 624
number of, 619
octaves, 623
on staves, 622–624
ornaments, 630, 631
parameters, 623, 624, 625
pitch, 622
pointed rhythms, 624

notation (musical) (cont.)
rests, 625, 626
slurs, 634–638
staccato ornaments, 630
stems, 623, 624
tenuto ornaments, 630
ties, 634, 635, 637
xtuplets, 626, 627, 628\notationOff (skak), 675
notationoff option (skak), 675\notationOn (skak), 675
notationon option (skak), 675
noteedit program, 588\NOTEs (MusiXTEX), 595\NOTes (MusiXTEX), 595, 599\NOtes (MusiXTEX), 591, 595, 596, 599\Notes (MusiXTEX), 591, 594, 595, 596, 599\notes (MusiXTEX), 591, 595, 596, 599
notes option (beamer), 753
notes (annotations), see annotations, see commentaries
notes (musical)
accents (LilyPond), 663
accidentals, 622, 624, 628
basic duration, 622
beams, 663
chords (LilyPond), 663
commands, 595
describing staves, 622, 623, 624
dotted, 622, 624
doubly dotted, 622
duration, 622
LilyPond, 662, 663
examples, 592
grace notes{} (curly braces), 607~ (tilde), 607
in xtuplets, 627
LilyPond, 663
PMX, 627, 629, 630
horizontal displacement, 624
internote spacing, 602
key (LilyPond), 662
length, 601, 603, 604
notation, 661
octaves, 623
on staves, 622–624
ornaments (LilyPond), 664
parameters, 623, 624, 625
accidentals, 624, 625
beam inhibit, 624, 625
dotted notes, 624, 625
shift of position, 624, 625
stems, 624, 625
xtuplets, 625

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i“tlgc2” — 2007/8/17 — 15:24 — page 862 — #44ii862 (N–O)

notes (musical) (cont.)
pitch
abc2mtex, 603, 604
LilyPond, 662
MusiXTEX, 590
specifying, 593, 622
pointed rhythms, 624
slurs (LilyPond), 663, 664
spacing, 595
stems, 623, 624
symbols, 592, 593, 594
timing, 590
triplets (LilyPond), 664\noteskip rigid length (MusiXTEX), 595\NOTesp (MusiXTEX), 595\NOtesp (MusiXTEX), 595, 599\Notesp (MusiXTEX), 595\notesp (MusiXTEX), 595
notheorems option (beamer), 753
notightpage option (pst-pdf), 800\npn (circ), 577, 581\NRSFF (circ), 579\Nterm (textopo), 553
nucleotide sequencesaligning, 548–550
highlighting, 548–550
sequence fingerprints, 550
shading, 548–550\NULL (circ), 579
number puzzles, 707, 708, see also crosswords
numbers, symbols for, 512\nv (circ), 579\nvmos (circ), 577

O\O (chemsym), 517
o( syntax (PMX), 630, 631o) syntax (PMX), 630, 631
o+ syntax (PMX), 630, 631
o. syntax (PMX), 630, 631
o.: syntax (PMX), 630
O: syntax (abc), 608
o: syntax (PMX), 630
o> syntax (PMX), 630, 631oˆ syntax (PMX), 631
o_ syntax (PMX), 630, 631
o˜ syntax (PMX), 630\oa (circ), 581
ob syntax (PMX), 630, 631
object-oriented drawings, 4, 5
oc syntax (PMX), 630, 631\octamethylene (methylen), 538\octamethylenei (methylen), 538
Octave program, 2Octave: syntax (M-Tx), 652

GENERAL INDEX

octaves (musical), 623
Octaviz program, 2\octfindown (MusiXTEX), 592\octfinup (MusiXTEX), 592
Octplot program, 2
oe? syntax (PMX), 630, 631
oef syntax (PMX), 630, 631
oef? syntax (PMX), 631
oen syntax (PMX), 630, 631
oen? syntax (PMX), 631
oes syntax (PMX), 630, 631
oes? syntax (PMX), 630, 631
of syntax (PMX), 630, 631
ofd syntax (PMX), 630, 631
OFF syntax (m-ch-en), 546
og syntax (PMX), 630, 631\OH (chemsym), 517\ohm (SIunits), 514
oldgate option (circ), 577\oldGclef (MusiXTEX), 592\OM (circ), 581
om syntax (PMX), 630, 631
ONE syntax (m-ch-en), 542, 546
online access to CTAN, 810, 811, 812, 813, 814
online resources
Adobe Illustrator, 1
Adobe Photoshop, 17
archived files, finding and transferring, 813
automata diagrams, 15
CGM-Open Consortium, 13
CTAN (Comprehensive TEX Archive Network), 810
web access, 810, 811, 812, 813, 814
dedicated drawing tools, 1, 2
documentationcommand-line interface, 815
panel interface, 816
search by name, 815
search by product, 816
texdoc, 815
texdock, 816
DVI to SVG conversion, 13
FAQs (Frequently Asked Questions), 809
files, getting from the command line, 814
How To Ask Questions The Smart Way, 810
nets, drawing, 15
news groups, 810
PDF viewers, 12plotting programs, 17
program files, obtaining
web access, 810, 811, 812, 813, 814
TEX file catalogue, 811
TEX files, 810
TEX user groups, 817, 818
TUG home page, 810, 811\only (beamer), 766, 767, 775, 780, 785, 786, 792

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i“tlgc2” — 2007/8/17 — 15:24 — page 863 — #45

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i

GENERAL INDEX(O–P) 863

only key value (beamer), 753\onlyenv (beamer), 769
onlyenv env. (beamer), 769, 770
onlyslideswithnotes key value (beamer), 753
onlytextwidth key (beamer), 781\onslide (beamer), 763, 764, 765, 767\OO (chemsym), 517
op syntax (PMX), 630, 631\opaqueness (beamer), 767, 768
opaqueness, slides, 768
openoffice program, 21
optics option (circ), 577
optics diagrams, see also
and PSTricks index
example, 581
font for, 576–582
symbols, 580
Options: syntax (M-Tx), 652\OR (circ), 578
orange syntax (xcolor), 726
origin key (graphicx), 28, 33, 40, 41
original option (pict2e), 43
ornaments (musical)
description, 630, 631
example, 630
LilyPond, 664
table of, 631\oscillograph (circ), 578
oscilloscope channels, see PSTricks index
oT syntax (PMX), 630, 631
ot syntax (PMX), 630, 631
oT0 syntax (PMX), 630
oT1 syntax (PMX), 630
oTO syntax (PMX), 631
oTt syntax (PMX), 630, 631
ou syntax (PMX), 630, 631\Oval (axodraw), 559\oval, 43(pict2e), 43, 45, 46
ovals, drawing, 45, 46
overlayarea env. (beamer), 770
overlays, slide, see slides (color), overlay specification
overprint env. (beamer), 770
ox syntax (PMX), 630, 631\oxazolev (hetarom), 530\oxazolevi (hetarom), 530\oxqu (MusiXTEX), 592
oztex option (pict2e), 43

P
P syntax (PMX), 642\P (chemsym), 517
packages
PICTEX, 5, 13, 14, 541
XY-pic, xxvi, xxviii, 5, 9, 16, see also XY-pic index
XΥMTEX, 520–540

packages (cont.)
abc, 612–615
AlDraTex, 15
aliphat, 520, 532
alltt, 790
amsmath, 361, 483, 484, 752, 753, 759
amssymb, 515
amstex, 517
amsthm, 753
array, 737, 764
arrayjob, 322
axodraw, 555, 558–561
babel, 124, 515
bar, 15, 162
beamerouterthemesidebar, 774
bg, 696–698
bridge, 699–702
calc, 323
carom, 520, 524
cchess, 687–690
ccycle, 520, 530
chemist, 537, 540
chemstr, 520
chemsym, 512, 517, 518, 519
chess, 668, 677, 680, 687, 690, 691
chessboard, 668, 669, 673
chessfss, 668, 669–673, 674, 678, 680
chmst-ps, 537
circ, 576–582
color, 215, 216, 235, 304, 719–722, 726, 728, 730, 737
colordvi, 719
colortbl, 720, 721, 737–751
createsudoku, 710–712
crosswrd, 702–704
curve2e, 47–50
curves, 15, 47
cwpuzzle, 704–708, 709
dcolumn, 737
diagram, 482
diagxy, 482
diversity, 549
DraTex, 5, 15
eepic, 17, 20, 511, 521, 522
emp, 120, 121, 167
enpassant, 670
epic, 15, 511, 520–522, 537
epsfig, 42
extsizes, 753
feyn, 555–558
FeynArts, 555
feynman, 555
feynmf, 120, 561–572
feynmp, 120, 562, 572
foiltex, 719
fontenc, 752

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i“tlgc2” — 2007/8/17 — 15:24 — page 864 — #46ii864 (P)

GENERAL INDEX

packages (cont.)
fp, 458
fusering, 537
gastex, 15, 438, 439
go, 690, 691
graphics, 2, 3, 7, 8, 10, 23–27, 30, 33–40, 72, 277, 791
graphicx, 23–25, 28–42, 800
hcycle, 520, 532
hepnicenames, 512, 560
heppennames, 512, 560
hepunits, 516, 517
hetarom, 520, 528, 530, 534
hetaromh, 520, 528, 534
hhline, 737, 742, 750
hyperref, 721, 753, 783, 798, 803–805
ifthen, 136, 323, 503
igo, 691–695
infix-RPN, 430
inputenc, 752, 753
isotope, 518
keyval, 33, 217
listings, 790
locant, 520
longtable, 517, 737, 742
lowcycle, 520, 526
m-ch-en, 541–547
makecirc, 576
makeplot, 430
mathptm, 65
methylen, 537
mfpic, 21, 52, 120, 122–136, 139, 583
mproof, 73, 74
mpsproof, 73, 74
multido, 216, 458, 459
multimedia, 774
MusicTEX, 589
MusiXTEX, xxvi, xxviii, xxxi, 588, 589–599, 602, 615–617,
623, 628, 634, 635, 646–648, 658, 660, 661
musixlyr.tex, 647, 659, 660
nassflow, 15
nicefrac, 513
paralist, 683
pict2e, 7, 15, 42–47, 511
pictexwd, 14
pifont, 724
polymers, 537
ppchtex, 541–547
preview, 458, 800–802
printsudoku, 710–712
psfrag, 5psgo, 691
pspicture, 47, 511
pst-3d, 216, 388–400
pst-3dplot, 217, 234, 313, 388, 400–416
pst-all, 216, 313

packages (cont.)
pst-asr, 217, 424
pst-bar, 450
pst-barcode, 453
pst-blur, 449, 450
pst-calendar, 452
pst-circ, 309, 435
pst-coil, 216, 455, 456
pst-dbicons, 445
pst-eps, 216, 457
pst-eucl, VIII, 426
pst-fill, 216, 255, 257, 383–387
pst-fr3d, 388, 447
pst-fractal, 456, 457
pst-func, 427
pst-geo, 437, 438
pst-gr3d, 388, 447
pst-grad, 216, 448
pst-infixplot, 429, 430
pst-jtree, 425
pst-labo, 433
pst-lens, 452
pst-light3d, 447
pst-map2d, 438
pst-map2dII, 438
pst-map3d, 438
pst-map3dII, 388, 438
pst-math, 224, 428, 429
pst-node, 214, 216, 313, 334–366, 379, 424
pst-ob3d, 388, 446
pst-optic, 434
pst-osci, 434
pst-pdf, 457, 458, 797, 800–803, 805, 806
pst-pdgr, 431
pst-plot, 214, 216, 266, 313–334, 400, 406, 424, 426
pst-poly, 431
pst-slpe, 449
pst-spectra, 432
pst-stru, 436
pst-text, 216, 451
pst-tree, 214, 216, 366–382, 424
pst-uml, 442, 443
pst-view3d, 400
pst-vue3d, 388, 393, 445
pst-xkey, 217, 310–312
pstcol, 215
pstricks, 213–466, 515, 797, 800
pstricks-add, 224, 257, 318, 323, 418–424
rotating, 42, 392
rrgtrees, 424, 425
sfg, 442
SIstyle, 513
SIunits, 513–516
sizeredc, 537
skak, 668, 669, 673–679, 680, 682

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GENERAL INDEX(P) 865

packages (cont.)slashed, 557
SliTEX, 752
solvesudoku, 710–712
sudoku, 709, 710
texmate, 668, 669, 673, 679, 680–687
texshade, 547–550, 552
textopo, 547, 551–555
tikz, 5timing, 572–576
tlgc, 835
ucs, 753
uml, 443
units, 513
unitsdef, 513
vaucanson-g, 439, 440
xcolor, 7, 215, 216, 235, 258, 304, 406, 713, 719–737, 740,
747, 753
xkeyval, 217, 310
xq, 688xyling, 491
xymtex, 520, 537
xymtexps, 537
xymtx-ps, 537
xytree, 491
padding key (chessboard), 669\pagecolor (xcolor), 720, 725
Pages syntax (M-Tx), 655
pages (musical)
breaks, 642
layout, 642
numbering, 642
Pages: syntax (M-Tx), 652
paralist package, 683\parbox, 37, 40
parens ((...)), slur symbol, 607, 608
parent key (beamer), 778, 793\part (beamer), 779
part key (beamer), 782, 783
Part: syntax (M-Tx), 652\pascal (SIunits), 514\PAUSe (MusiXTEX), 592\PAuse (MusiXTEX), 592\pause(MusiXTEX), 592, 594(beamer), 763, 764, 765, 783\pausep (MusiXTEX), 592
pausesections key (beamer), 782, 783
pausesubsections key (beamer), 783\pawn (chessfss), 672
PBM (portable bitmap) format, 7
pbmtopk program, 7
PCTeX program, 11

pctex32 option(graphics/graphicx), 24(xcolor), 721
pctex32 program, 24
pctexhp option(graphics/graphicx), 24(xcolor), 721
pctexhp program, 24
pctexps option(graphics/graphicx), 24(xcolor), 721
pctexps program, 24
pctexwin option(graphics/graphicx), 24(xcolor), 721
pctexwin program, 24
PDF language, 11, 12.pdf file extension (pst-pdf), 806
pdfcrop program, 804
pdfinfo program, 804
pdflatex program, xxvi, xxviii, 6, 7, 797, 800, 801, 803, 805, 806
PDFs
creating
dvipdfm program, 798–800
dvipdfmx program, 798–800
from LATEX, 803–807
from PostScript, 800, 801, 802, 803
music scores, 614
overview, 797
pst-pdf package, 800, 801, 802, 803
description, 11, 12
viewers, 12
vs. PostScript, 11, 12
pdftex option(graphics/graphicx), 24(pict2e), 43(xcolor), 721
pdftex program, 14, 24, 618, 721, 797, 798
pdftops program, 806\PED (MusiXTEX), 592\pentamethylene (methylen), 538\pentamethylenei (methylen), 538
peptide sequencesaligning, 548–550
highlighting, 548–550
sequence fingerprints, 550
shading, 548–550\per (SIunits), 516
percent sign (%), comment indicator, 619
Periodic Table of the Elements, 519
pertab.tex file (chemsym), 517\peta (SIunits), 515\pfet (circ), 577
pgfborder key (chessboard), 669\pgfdeclareimage (beamer), 776, 777, 792

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GENERAL INDEX\pgfuseimage (beamer), 777, 792
pgn2ltx program, 687
phenanthrene derivatives, 525\phenanthrenev (carom), 524, 525
photographs, 4\Photon (axodraw), 559, 561\PhotonArc (axodraw), 559
photons (Feynman diagrams), 561
physics option (circ), 577
physics diagrams, see
index\PianoStaff (LilyPond), 665.pic file extension, xxxi
pic language, 17–20
pic program, 17, 583, 585
pickups (musical), 620, 654
bar length, 620\pico (SIunits), 515\picobarn (hepunits), 516
pict2e package, 7, 15, 42–47, 511
PICTEX package, 5, 13, 14, 541
pictexwd package, 14
picture env., xxvii, 5–7, 9, 15, 16, 19, 20, 44, 520, 534, 541, 555,
568, 573, 797(axodraw), 559(cwpuzzle), 705, 708(pict2e), 42
pictures, see also drawing
character-based, 13
from fonts, 13
photographs, 4
pic language, 17–20
pie charts, see
index\piece (cchess), 688, 689, 690
piececolor key (chessboard), 669
pifont package, 724
pin connections, 579\Pinhole (circ), 580, 581
pitch (musical)
abc notation system, 603
abc2mtex, 603
LilyPond, 662
MusiXTEX, 590, 593
PMX, 622.pk file extension (feynmf), 563
placement, see positioning
plain key (beamer), 759, 792
plotting, see also graphs
drawing tools for, 2, 17
gnuplot, 17, 18
programs for, 17
PLUS syntax (m-ch-en), 546
plus sign (+), color expression, 732\PM (circ), 580
PMX language, xxviii, 616, 617, 618–649, 651–654, 656, 657, 659,
660





.pmx file extension, xxxi
(PMX), 618, 647
PMX notation system, see music scores (PMX)
PMX: syntax (M-Tx), 652
pmxab program, 590, 618–649, 651
pmxaerr.dat file (PMX), 618.png file extension (pst-pdf), 806\pnp (circ), 577
Poet: syntax (M-Tx), 652
pointed rhythms (musical), 624\Polar (circ), 580, 581
polygon keywords (Feynman diagrams), 567, 568\polyline (curve2e), 47, 49
polymers package, 537
polymethylene commands, 538
portable bitmap (PBM) format, 7\position (texmate), 682, 684
position env.
(bg), 696, 697, 698(cchess), 688, 689, 690
postit syntax (beamer), 776
PostScript
description, 10, 11
drivers, 11
Feynman diagrams, 558–561
from TEX DVI, 11
PDFs from, 800, 801, 802, 803
viewing, 10, 11
vs. PDF, 11, 12
PostScript language, 10, 11
postscript env. (pst-pdf), 802\power (SIunits), 516\PP (chemsym), 517\pp (LilyPond), 664
ppchtex package, 541–547\Pr (chemsym), 517\pr (chemsym), 517\preparediagram (texmate), 685
prepmx program, 651–660
presentation option (beamer), 753
presentations, see slides
preview package, 800–802\PreviewEnvironment (pst-pdf), 801
primary colors, 717\printarrow (skak), 676\printboard (bg), 697, 698
printingchess board, 675
chess moves, 675, 677\printknightmove (skak), 676
printsudoku package, 710–712
program files, obtaining
web access, 810, 811, 812, 813, 814
prologue option (xcolor), 721
proof env. (beamer), 753, 769

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GENERAL INDEX(P–R) 867

\protect (igo), 695\providecolor (xcolor), 726, 727, 728\providecolorset (xcolor), 727, 728.ps file extension (graphics/graphicx), 35
ps option (skak), 676.ps.bb file extension (graphics/graphicx), 35.ps.gz file extension (graphics/graphicx), 35
ps2eps program, 615
ps2epsi program, 615
ps2pdf program, 797, 801–806
ps2pdf13 program, 804, 805
psfrag package, 5\psframebox (xcolor), 733
psgo package, 691
psmatrix env. (pst-pdf), 800
pspicture env. (pst-pdf), 800
pspicture package, 47, 511
pst-eucl package, VIII
pst-pdf package, 797, 800–803, 805, 806\pst@object (pst-pdf), 800
pstarrows option (pict2e), 44
PSTricks, see PSTricks index
pstricks option (pst-pdf), 800
pstricks package, 515, 797, 800\pt (MusiXTEX), 594\pteridinev (hetarom), 530\pteridinevi (hetarom), 530\PText (axodraw), 559.ptx file extension, xxxi
\purinev (hetarom), 520, 530\purinevi (hetarom), 530
purity of color, 718
purple syntax (xcolor), 726\put(curve2e), 48, 49(cwpuzzle), 705
Puzzle env. (cwpuzzle), 704, 705, 707, 708\PuzzleBlackBox (cwpuzzle), 708\PuzzleClueFont (cwpuzzle), 708
PuzzleClues env. (cwpuzzle), 705\PuzzleFont (cwpuzzle), 708\PuzzleHook (cwpuzzle), 705, 708\PuzzleLetters (cwpuzzle), 708\PuzzleLettersText (cwpuzzle), 708\PuzzleNumberFont (cwpuzzle), 708\PuzzleNumbers (cwpuzzle), 708
puzzles, see crosswords, see Sudoku\PuzzleSolution (cwpuzzle), 705, 706, 708\PuzzleUnitlength rigid length (cwpuzzle), 708\PuzzleUnsolved (cwpuzzle), 705
PuzzleWords env. (cwpuzzle), 707\PuzzleWordsText (cwpuzzle), 707\pvmos (circ), 577\pyranose (hcycle), 532
pyranoses derivatives, 532\pyrazinev (hetarom), 524, 530\pyrazolev (hetarom), 530\pyrazolevi (hetarom), 530\pyridazinev (hetarom), 530\pyridazinevi (hetarom), 530\pyridinev (hetarom), 530\pyridinevi (hetarom), 530\pyrimidinev (hetarom), 530\pyrimidinevi (hetarom), 530\pyrrolev (hetarom), 530\pyrrolevi (hetarom), 530
Python program, 661

Q\Q (circ), 577
Q: syntax (abc), 602, 610\qa (MusiXTEX), 593, 594, 595\qb (MusiXTEX), 596, 597, 599\qbezier, 46, 47(pict2e), 46, 47\qbeziermax, 46\ql (MusiXTEX), 592, 593, 596, 597, 599\qlp (MusiXTEX), 599\qp (MusiXTEX), 592, 594, 599\qqs (MusiXTEX), 592\qs (MusiXTEX), 592\qu (MusiXTEX), 592, 593, 594–596, 597
quadratic Bézier curves, 46, 47
quadruplets (musical), 605\queen (chessfss), 672\quinazolinev (hetarom), 530\quinazolinevi (hetarom), 530\quinolinev (hetarom), 530\quinolinevi (hetarom), 530\quinoxalinev (hetarom), 530\qupp (MusiXTEX), 592

R
R syntax(PMX), 639(m-ch-en), 542, 544\R (circ), 577, 581
r syntax (PMX), 625, 626, 628\r... (MusiXTEX), 594
R: syntax (abc), 608
radii, specifying, 45, 46
rand (pic), 19\rarw (timing), 575\rawboard (bg), 697
Rb syntax (PMX), 639, 640
rb syntax (PMX), 625, 626
RD syntax (PMX), 639, 640
Rd syntax (PMX), 639, 640
Rdl syntax (PMX), 640iich-end.tex,v: 1.24
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i“tlgc2” — 2007/8/17 — 15:24 — page 868 — #50ii868 (R–S)\Re (chemsym), 517\re (chemsym), 517
reaction equations, 545
reaction schemes, 540\reactrarrow (chemist), 540
read key (graphicx), 29, 34
readability, and color, 718\reciprocal (SIunits), 516
rect (pic), 19
red syntax (xcolor), 722, 726, 727\reduceallcells (solvesudoku), 711\reducedsizepicture (xymtex), 538\reflectbox (graphics/graphicx), 37\relative (LilyPond), 662–665
repeat symbols (musical), 603
repeats (musical), 639\RequirePackage, xxxii\resetcolorseries (xcolor), 734, 735, 736\resigns (texmate), 683\resizebox(graphics/graphicx), 38, 39(graphics), 27\resizebox* (graphics/graphicx), 38, 39
resizingbounding box, 27
graphic objects, 38, 39
text, 38, 39\restoregame (skak), 679
rests (musical), 592, 625, 626
LilyPond, 663\reverseallabreve (MusiXTEX), 592\reverseC (MusiXTEX), 592
RGB option (xcolor), 721
RGB syntax (xcolor), 728, 729
rgb option (xcolor), 721
rgb syntax(color), 720(xcolor), 720, 722, 727–729, 732
RGB (Red, Green, Blue) color, 715, 719\rh (MusiXTEX), 594
right (pic), 19
right key (beamer), 777\rightdiagramturn (texmate), 686\rightrepeat (MusiXTEX), 592
rightskip key (beamer), 777, 794
Rl syntax (PMX), 640
Rlr syntax (PMX), 640
rm syntax (PMX), 625, 626\rmoiety (chemstr), 522\rook (chessfss), 672\roqu (MusiXTEX), 592
Rosegarden program, 588
ROT syntax (m-ch-en), 544, 545
rotate env. (rotating), 42

GENERAL INDEX\rotatebox(graphics/graphicx), 36, 39, 40(graphics), 27(graphicx), 24, 33, 39, 40, 42
rotated material, hiding, 25\rotategoban (igo), 695\rotategobanleft (igo), 695\rotategobanright (igo), 695
rotatingbounding box, 27, 31, 32
chemical structures, 544, 545
Go board, 695
graphic objects, 39–42\includegraphics keys, 29
reference points, 40–42
rotating package, 42rounded key (beamer), 777, 778\rowcolor(colortbl), 739, 740, 741, 747, 748, 750, 751(xcolor), 763, 765\rowcolors (xcolor), 740, 741, 751, 763, 765
rows (table), color
alternate, 739, 740
selected, 746
rp syntax (PMX), 625, 626\rpcubed (SIunits), 516
rpo syntax (PMX), 625, 626\rq (MusiXTEX), 596
Rr syntax (PMX), 640\rsqu (MusiXTEX), 592\rtetrahedralS (aliphat), 540\rText (axodraw), 559\rtrigonal (aliphat), 533\Rvar (circ), 577\ryl (chemstr), 535, 536
RZ syntax (m-ch-en), 542, 543, 544
Rz syntax (PMX), 640

S
S syntax (m-ch-en), 544\S(chemsym), 517(circ), 577
s syntax(LilyPond), 662(PMX), 624, 625, 630, 634, 648
sample.sud file (tglc), 710, 711
saturation, 717\savegame (skak), 679
SB env. (chemsym), 517
SB syntax (m-ch-en), 544
Sb env. (amstex), 517\sbox, 725
sc syntax (PMX), 625
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GENERAL INDEX(S)

scale key (graphicx), 29, 30\scalebox(beamer), 774(graphics/graphicx), 37(graphics), 27
scaled material, hiding, 25\scaletopo (textopo), 551, 553
scalingbounding box, 27, 29
graphic objects, 37\includegraphics keys, 29, 30
text, 37
scaling factor, 29, 30
Scheme program, 661
scid program, 687
science diagrams, see PSTricks index
scientific texts, see also bioinformatics, see also chemical
formulas, see also Feynman diagrams
abbreviations, 513
chemical elements, symbols for, 512
chemical symbols, 517, 518
consistency, 512“d” in integrands, 513
electronics diagrams
drawing position, moving, 580
electronic box symbols, 578
examples, 581, 582
font for, 576–582
gate symbols, 578
integrated circuit symbols, 579
interactive generation, 586
junctions, 579
m4 macro processor, 583–585
pin connections, 579
symbol connections, 579
symbols, 577
trigger symbols, 578
mathematical functions, symbols for, 512
Newtonian mechanics symbols, 580
numbers, symbols for, 512
optics diagrams
experimental setup, 581
font for, 576–582
symbols, 580
state names, symbols for, 513
symbols, 512
table of, 512
timing diagrams
annotation, 573
arrows, 575
customizing, 576
fonts, specifying, 573
labels, 573
overview, 572–576
separation between lines, 576

869

scientific texts (cont.)
signal lines, 573
symbols argument, 573, 575
timing values, 573
vertical line adjustment, 576
vertical lines, 576
unitsbase, 514
combining, 516
derived, 514
high-energy physics, 516
prefixes, 514
SI (International System of Units), 512–516
spacing between, 515
symbols for, 512
typeset style, 515
wave names, symbols for, 513
Scientific Word program, 24
scor2prt program, 647\ScrL (circ), 580, 581\ScrTL (circ), 580\sDEP (MusiXTEX), 592\second (SIunits), 514, 516
secondary colors, 717\section (beamer), 779
sectioning commands, slides, 779
sections key (beamer), 783
sectionstyle key (beamer), 783\segno (MusiXTEX), 592\selectcolormodel (xcolor), 730
self-contained object-oriented drawings, 4
semiverbatim env. (beamer), 790, 791
sep key (beamer), 776, 777\seqtype (texshade), 549\sequence (textopo), 551, 553
sequence fingerprints, 550
series key (beamer), 793, 794
series* key (beamer), 793\setbeamercolor (beamer), 760, 776, 778, 793, 794\setbeamercovered (beamer), 760, 767\setbeamerfont (beamer), 778, 788, 789, 793, 794\setbeamertemplate (beamer), 773, 774, 777, 778, 793, 794,
795
\setboardfontfamily(chessfss), 673(skak), 675\setboardfontsize (chessfss), 673\setchessboard (chessboard), 669\setchessfontfamily(chessfss), 673(skak), 678, 679(texmate), 683, 686\setclef (MusiXTEX), 596\SetColor (axodraw), 559\setends (texshade), 548–550

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870 (S)\setfigfontfamily(chessfss), 670, 671(skak), 678\setfigstyle (chessfss), 672\setinffontfamily (chessfss), 673\setkeys(graphicx), 33(keyval), 33\SetOffset (axodraw), 559\SetPFont (axodraw), 559
setpieces key (chessboard), 669\SetScale (axodraw), 559\SetScaledOffset (axodraw), 559\setstaffs (MusiXTEX), 596\setsudrandom (createsudoku), 711\setTextDecresc (LilyPond), 664, 665\settextfigchars (chessfss), 672\settextfigfontfamily (chessfss), 672\settextfiglanguage (chessfss), 672\setupboard (skak), 675\setupchemical (m-ch-en), 541, 545\setvolta (MusiXTEX), 592\setvoltabox (MusiXTEX), 592\SetWidth (axodraw), 559\sh (MusiXTEX), 593\shadincolors (texshade), 550
shadingcolor, 731
nucleotide sequences, 548–550
peptide sequences, 548–550\shadingmode (texshade), 549, 550
shadow key (beamer), 776, 777, 778\Shake (MusiXTEX), 592\shake (MusiXTEX), 592\Shakel (MusiXTEX), 592\Shakene (MusiXTEX), 592\Shakenw (MusiXTEX), 592\Shakesw (MusiXTEX), 592
shape key (beamer), 789, 793
shape* key (beamer), 793
sharp symbol (musical), 605
Sharps: syntax (M-Tx), 652, 658, 660\shift (circ), 580, 581
shortenstart key (chessboard), 669\shortstack (igo), 693–695
show key value (beamer), 753\showall (skak), 676, 677\showallbut (skak), 676, 677\showboard(skak), 675, 676–678(texmate), 680, 684\showconsensus (texshade), 548\showcube (bg), 696, 697
showerrors option (xcolor), 721\showfullgoban (igo), 693

GENERAL INDEX\showgoban (igo), 692, 693, 694, 695
showing, see hiding/showing\showinverseboard (skak), 675\showlegend (texshade), 550
showmover key (chessboard), 669\showmoverOff (skak), 676\showmoverOn (skak), 676\showmoves (bg), 698\shownames (texshade), 549\shownumbers (bg), 696, 697\showonly (skak), 676, 677\showonlyblack (skak), 676\showonlywhite (skak), 676\showrowcolors (xcolor), 740\showruler (texshade), 549
shrink key (beamer), 759
SI (International System of Units), 512–516
Sibelius program, 588
sidebar left syntax (beamer), 773
sidebar right syntax (beamer), 777
sidewaysfigure env. (rotating), 42
sidewaystable env. (rotating), 42\sievert (SIunits), 514
signal lines, 573
sin (pic), 19
single-object drawings, 3, 4
SIstyle package, 513\SIunits (SIunits), 515
SIunits package, 513–516
SIunits.cfg file (SIunits), 516
SIX syntax (m-ch-en), 542\sixfuseh (fusering), 537\sixfusehi (fusering), 537\sixfusev (fusering), 537\sixfusevi (fusering), 537\sixheteroh (hetarom), 529\sixheterohi (hetarom), 529\sixheterov (hetarom), 523, 528, 529\sixheterovi (hetarom), 529\sixunitv (hetarom), 534
Size syntax (M-Tx), 655
size key (beamer), 778, 793, 794
size* key (beamer), 793
Size: syntax (M-Tx), 652
sizeredc package, 537\sk (MusiXTEX), 595
skak package, 668, 669, 673–679, 680, 682\SkakOff (texmate), 680, 682\slashed (slashed), 557
slashed package, 557\SLens (circ), 580, 581\slide (MusiXTEX), 592
slides document class, 713

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GENERAL INDEX(S)

slides (color)choosing colors, 756
creating, 754–758
fonts, 758
frames, creating, 758
hiding/showing, see slides (color), overlay specification
macros, 758
main features, 752
modes, 752
options
beamer class, 752
conditional, 760
frame environment, 759
presentation structure, 758, 759, 760, 761
styles, 754
tables, 780
templates, 754
themes, 754–757
title pages, 761
titles, 759
slides (color), overlay specification
actions, 770
animation, 774
bibliographies, 782
block environments, 778, 779
boxed text, 775, 776
colored text, 775, 776
creating, 763
definition, 760, 762
dissolves, 774, 775
dynamic text, holding static, 770
figures, 780
footnotes, 789
for existing LATEX environments, 769
framing text, 775, 776
graphics, 792
hiding/showing
alternative text, 769
opaqueness, 768
slide elements, 767
specific rows, 765
successive columns, 763
successive rows, 763
transparency, 768
highlighting parts of elements, 771
hyperlinks, 784–818
labels, 785
list items, 786–788
logos, 776, 777
movies, 774
multiple columns, 780
navigation bar, 772, 773, 774
overlay areas, 770
preformatted text, 790, 791
sectioning commands, 779

871

slides (color), overlay specification (cont.)
sound, 774
source code representation, 791
specifying, 765
table of contents, 782
tables, 780
text styles, 789
transitions, 774, 775
verbatim text, 790, 791
video, 774\sline (timing), 574, 576
SliTEX package, 752
slope arguments, 44
slurs (musical)
abc2mtex, 607
blind, 655
broken, 655
description, 654, 655
dotted, 655
K type, 636
LilyPond, 663, 664
M type, 637, 638
MusiXTEX commands, 597
notation, 654
PMX, 634, 635, 636–638\small(LilyPond), 663(chessfss), 671
small option (skak), 675\smallaltoclef (MusiXTEX), 592\smallbassclef (MusiXTEX), 592\smallboard(bg), 696, 697(cchess), 690(skak), 675, 678
smaller option (beamer), 753\smallgoban (igo), 694\smallmusicsize (MusiXTEX), 596\smalltrebleclef (MusiXTEX), 592
solvesudoku package, 710–712
song title, 602\sound (beamer), 774
sound, slides, 774
source code representation, slides, 791
SPACE syntax (m-ch-en), 546
Space syntax (M-Tx), 655
space, trimming, 28, 30
Space: syntax (M-Tx), 652, 659, 660\spade(bridge), 700, 702(tlgc), 699\spadesuit, 698, 699\special, 6–8, 9, 15–17, 20, 22, 35, 583, 690, 797(tpic), 583(xcolor), 719

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GENERAL INDEX

special color spaces, 715
spectrum, displaying, 729\sPED (MusiXTEX), 592\spind (circ), 580\spinu (circ), 580
spline (pic), 17, 19\spring (circ), 580
SPSS program, 21
sqrt (pic), 19\squ (MusiXTEX), 592\square(SIunits), 516(aliphat), 532
square brackets ([])
chord symbols (musical), 608\squared (SIunits), 516\squaremetrepersquaresecondnp (SIunits), 516
squeeze key (beamer), 759
SR syntax (m-ch-en), 544\SS (chemsym), 517
ss syntax (PMX), 624, 625
ssc syntax (PMX), 625\ST (circ), 578
staccato marks (musical), 607
staccato ornaments (musical), 630\Staff (LilyPond), 665
Start: syntax (M-Tx), 652\startchemical (m-ch-en), 541, 542, 543–546\startextract (MusiXTEX), 594, 596\startpiece (MusiXTEX), 594, 599
state names, symbols for, 513
staves (musical)
accidentals, 622, 624, 628
arpeggio, 629
basic duration, 622
beams, 631, 632, 633
beams for xtuplets, 627, 628
chords, 628, 629
clef changes, 639
defining, 652
definition, 617
dotted notes, 622
doubly dotted notes, 622
down fermata ornaments, 630
duration of notes, 622
dynamical marks, 638
grace notes, 629, 630
grace notes, in xtuplets, 627
height, 620
horizontal displacement, 624
note parameters, 624, 625
notes, 622, 623, 624
number of, 619
octaves, 623
on staves, 622–624

staves (musical) (cont.)
ornaments, 630, 631
parameters, 623, 624, 625
pitch, 622
pointed rhythms, 624
rests, 625, 626
slurs, 634–638
staccato ornaments, 630
stems, 623, 624
tenuto ornaments, 630
ties, 634, 635, 637
xtuplets, 626, 627, 628\stemDown (LilyPond), 663\stemNeutral (LilyPond), 663\stemNeutraltiny (LilyPond), 663
stems (musical), 623, 624\stemUp (LilyPond), 663
step key (beamer), 795
step syntax (xcolor), 734, 736
stereochemical compounds, 530–532
stereochemistry eﬀects, 538\steroid (carom), 524, 526
steroid derivatives, 525, 526\steroidchain (carom), 524
stillcovered key (beamer), 768\STINV (circ), 578\stopchemical (m-ch-en), 541, 542, 543–546\storegame (skak), 679\structure (beamer), 788, 789
structure syntax (beamer), 789
structured drawing, 20
structures, chemical
atoms, aligning with bonds, 546
basic commands for, 541, 542
bonds
aligning atoms or molecules, 546
chemical, 542
description, 543
identifiers, 544
combinations, 544, 545
combining, 534
complex, 534, 535
libraries of, 543
molecules, aligning with bonds, 546
moving, 544, 545
positioning, 544, 545
reaction equations, 545
rotating, 544, 545
substructures, 543
Style: syntax (M-Tx), 651, 652\styleA (skak), 679
styleA option (skak), 679\styleB (skak), 679
styleB option (skak), 679\styleC (skak), 679

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GENERAL INDEX

styleC option (skak), 679
stylesarrows (pict2e), 44
chess moves, 679
fills, 564, 565
lines
Feynman diagrams, 564, 565, 566
thickness, 566
slide text, 789
slides, 754
units typeset, 515
vertices, 564, 565
SUB syntax (m-ch-en), 544, 545\subsection (beamer), 779
subsectionstyle key (beamer), 783\substfont (xymtexps), 540\substfontsize (xymtexps), 540\substitutecolormodel (xcolor), 730
substitution derivation, 539\subtitle (beamer), 761
subtractive color space, 715
sud.out file (solvesudoku), 711
Sudoku, 709–711, 712\sudoku(createsudoku), 711(printsudoku), 710(solvesudoku), 711
sudoku env. (sudoku), 710
sudoku package, 709, 710
sudoku-block env. (sudoku), 709, 710\sudokuformat (sudoku), 709, 710\sudokusize rigid length (sudoku), 709, 710\sudokusolve(createsudoku), 711(solvesudoku), 711
SVG language, 12, 13
SVG (Scalable Vector Graphics), 12, 13
svgnames option (xcolor), 721
svgnames* option (xcolor), 721\symbishop (chessfss), 671\symbol, 691
symbolschemical diagrams, 512, 517, 518
electronics diagrams
connections, 579
electronic box, 578
gate, 578
integrated circuits, 579
state names, 513
table of, 577
trigger, 578
wave names, 513
mathematical functions, 512
musical(...), slur symbol, 607, 608(S–T) 873

symbols (cont.)- (hyphen), tie symbol, 607, 608= (equal sign), natural symbol, 605[] (square brackets), chord symbols, 608^(caret), sharp symbol, 605^^(carets), double flat symbol, 605_ (underscore), flat symbol, 605__ (underscores), double flat symbol, 605
accidentals, 605
bar symbols, 603, 639
definition, 617
notes, 592, 593, 594
order of, 608
repeat, 603
Newtonian mechanics, 580
numbers, 512
optics diagrams, 580
scientific texts, 512
units, 512
wave names, 513
symbols argument, 573, 575\symking (chessfss), 671\symknight (chessfss), 671\sympawn (chessfss), 671\symqueen (chessfss), 671\symrook (chessfss), 671
Systems syntax (M-Tx), 655
systems (musical)
definition, 617
indentation, 620
number of, 620
Systems: syntax (M-Tx), 652

T
T key (beamer), 781
t key (beamer), 759, 781
t option (beamer), 753
T: syntax (abc), 601, 602, 603, 606, 608
tabbing env., 688, 701
table env. (beamer), 780
table option (xcolor), 721, 737
table of contents, slides, 782\tableofcontents (beamer), 752, 782, 783
tables, color
cells, 741
columns, 738, 747
entire table, 743
gaps between lines, 742
gradients, 747, 748
headings, 748
highlighting elements, 745, 749, 750
light text on dark background, 744
lines (rules)
adding, 748
inside the table, 749

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tables, color (cont.)
partial, 751
selected, 750
whole table, 741
width, 751
rows
alternate, 739, 740
selected, 746
slides, 780
text, 745, 748
titles, 748
tabular env., 8, 39, 702, 737, 741(texmate), 680
tabular* env. (colortbl), 737\takecube (bg), 698
TB syntax (m-ch-en), 544\tb (MusiXTEX), 599\tbl (MusiXTEX), 596, 597\tbu (MusiXTEX), 596, 597
Tc syntax (PMX), 641
tcidvi option(graphics/graphicx), 24(xcolor), 721
templates, slides, 754
tempo (musical), 602\temporal (beamer), 768
tenor syntax (LilyPond), 661
tenuto ornaments (musical), 630\tera (SIunits), 515\tesla (SIunits), 514\tetrahedral (aliphat), 532, 535, 540
tetrahedral compounds, 532, 533
tetrahedron carbon configurations, 533
tetraline derivatives, 525\tetralineh (carom), 524, 525\tetralinev (carom), 524, 525\tetralinevb (carom), 525\tetralinevt (carom), 525\tetramethylene (methylen), 538\tetramethylenei (methylen), 538\tetrastereo (aliphat), 533\TeVovercsq (hepunits), 516.tex file extension (PMX), 621
tex program, 618, 637
TEX file archives, 810, see also CTAN
TEX files, obtaining
web access, 810, 811, 812, 813, 814
TEX, interfaces
generating graphics, 8, 9graphic hooks\special commands, 9
built-in commands, 8
fonts, 8graphics integration\special commands, 6, 7

GENERAL INDEXTEX, interfaces (cont.)
fonts, 7, 8
half-tones, 7, 8
manipulating graphics, 8
overview, 6
TEX-based drawing languages, 13–17
texdoc program, 815, 816
texdoctk program, 815–817
texmate env. (texmate), 680
texmate package, 668, 669, 673, 679, 680–687
texshade env. (texshade), 548, 549, 550
texshade package, 547–550, 552\Text (axodraw), 559–561
text
blocks, 641
colored, inside a box, 725
in documents, 725
resizing, 38, 39
scaling, 37
slidesalternative, 769
boxed, 775, 776
colored, 775, 776
framing, 775, 776
holding static, 770
preformatted, 790, 791
styles, 789
verbatim, 790, 791
tablescolor, 745, 748
light on dark background, 744\textbf (beamer), 788, 789\textbishop (chessfss), 671, 672\textcolor (xcolor), 720, 722, 723, 724\textit (beamer), 788, 789\textking (chessfss), 671\textknight (chessfss), 671, 672\textmove (bg), 698
textopo env. (textopo), 551, 552, 553
textopo package, 547, 551–555\textpawn (chessfss), 671\textpiece (cchess), 688, 689\textqueen (chessfss), 671\textrm (beamer), 788, 789\textrook (chessfss), 671\textsf (beamer), 788, 789\textsl (beamer), 788, 789
textstyle option (SIunits), 515
texttopo env. (textopo), 551
Textures program, 11, 17, 24
textures option(graphics/graphicx), 24(xcolor), 721\textwidth rigid length (beamer), 777.tfm file extension, 666

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GENERAL INDEX\tgqu (MusiXTEX), 592
thebibliography env. (beamer), 782
themes, slides, 754–757
then (pic), 19
theorem env. (beamer), 753, 769\thicklines(curve2e), 49(pict2e), 45
thickqspace option (SIunits), 515
thickspace option (SIunits), 515\thinlines(curve2e), 48–50(pict2e), 45
thinqspace option (SIunits), 515
thinspace option (SIunits), 515\Threat (texmate), 681, 682\threat (texmate), 681, 682
THREE syntax (m-ch-en), 542
three-color harmonics, 718
three-color theory, 714
three-member carbon cycles, 528\threefuseh (fusering), 537\threefusehi (fusering), 537\threefusev (fusering), 537\threefusevi (fusering), 537\threehetero (hetarom), 523, 528\threeheteroh (hetarom), 529\threeheterohi (hetarom), 529\threeheterov (hetarom), 529\threeheterovi (hetarom), 529
tHsb syntax (xcolor), 728, 729\THz (hepunits), 516
Ti syntax (PMX), 641
ties (musical), 607, 637
PMX, 634, 635
tightpage option (pst-pdf), 800
tikz package, 5\til (timing), 573
tilde (~), grace notes, 607\timadjust (timing), 576\time (LilyPond), 663, 664, 665\times (LilyPond), 664\timescalefactor (timing), 576
timing env. (timing), 573, 574
timing package, 572–576
timing diagrams
annotation, 573
arrows, 575
customizing, 576
fonts, specifying, 573
labels, 573
overview, 572–576
separation between lines, 576
signal lines, 573
symbols argument, 573, 575(T) 875

timing diagrams (cont.)
timing values, 573
vertical line adjustment, 576
vertical lines, 576
timing values, 573\timingcounter (timing), 573\tin (timing), 573, 574
tinting, 731\TinveV (hepunits), 516\tiny (LilyPond), 663
tiny option (skak), 675\tinyboard(skak), 675, 677(texmate), 686\title (beamer), 754, 757, 761
title blocks (musical), 641
title pages, slides, 761
Title: syntax (M-Tx), 652\titlepage (beamer), 761
titleschess, 683
slides, 759
tables, 748\tnote (timing), 573, 574
to (pic), 19\toD (texmate), 685\toD* (texmate), 685, 686\togglenumbers (bg), 697
top key (beamer), 795\topdiagramnames (texmate), 686\totalheight (graphics/graphicx), 38
totalheight key (graphicx), 29, 32
totalwidth key (beamer), 781
tpic program, 583, 584
trans option (beamer), 753\transblindshorizontal (beamer), 774\transblindsvertical (beamer), 774\transboxin (beamer), 774\transboxout (beamer), 774\transdissolve (beamer), 774, 775\transduration (beamer), 774
transfig program, 13\transglitter (beamer), 774
transitions, slides, 774, 775
transparency, slides, 768
transparent key (beamer), 767\transsplithorizontalin (beamer), 774\transsplithorizontalout (beamer), 774\transsplitverticalin (beamer), 774\transsplitverticalout (beamer), 774\transwipe (beamer), 774\treble (MusiXTEX), 596
treble syntax (LilyPond), 661, 664\trebleclef (MusiXTEX), 592
trees, see
and PSTricks index

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876 (T–V)

GENERAL INDEX\triazinev (hetarom), 530\triazinevi (hetarom), 530
tricyclic carbocycles, 525
trigger symbols, 578
trigonal units, 532, 533\Trille (MusiXTEX), 592\trille (MusiXTEX), 592
trim key (graphicx), 28, 29, 30\trimethylene (methylen), 538\trimethylenei (methylen), 538
trimming space, 28, 30
triplets (musical), 605
LilyPond, 664
troff program, 17
TrueTeX program, 24
truetex option(graphics/graphicx), 24(xcolor), 721\tslur (MusiXTEX), 596, 597, 599
Tt syntax (PMX), 641\ttfamily (beamer), 764
TUG home page, 810, 811\turn (MusiXTEX), 592
turn env. (rotating), 42
turtle graphics, see
index
two-color harmonics, 718
type key (graphicx), 29, 35
typesetting, overview, 2, 3
typographic conventions, this book, xxix, xxxi

U
\U (circ), 577
u syntax(PMX), 625, 631, 633, 634, 636(abc), 607
U: syntax (M-Tx), 657, 658
ucs option (beamer), 753
ucs package, 753
UML diagrams, see
and PSTricks index\uncover (beamer), 767, 768, 785
uncoverenv env. (beamer), 770\underline, 672
underscore (_), flat symbol (musical), 605
underscores (__), double flat symbol (musical), 605\unit(SIunits), 515, 516(hepunits), 516\unitlength rigid length(curve2e), 48(pict2e), 45, 46(timing), 573
unitsbase, 514
combining, 516
derived, 514

units (cont.)
high-energy physics, 516
prefixes, 514
SI (International System of Units), 512–516
spacing between, 515
symbols for, 512
typeset style, 515
units key (graphicx), 40, 42
units package, 513
unitsdef package, 513\upbow (MusiXTEX), 592
upper key (beamer), 776, 778\uppz (MusiXTEX), 592\Uptext (MusiXTEX), 599\uptrio (MusiXTEX), 592\upz (MusiXTEX), 592\upzst (MusiXTEX), 592\usebeamercolor (beamer), 794\usebeamerfont (beamer), 777, 794\usebeamertemplate (beamer), 777\usecolortheme (beamer), 758\usefonttheme (beamer), 758, 760\usegoban (igo), 694, 695\useinnertheme (beamer), 758
usenames option (xcolor), 721\useoutertheme (beamer), 758, 773\useouthertheme (beamer), 758\usepackage, xxxii(beamer), 754, 758
usepdftitle option (beamer), 753\usesymfig (chessfss), 672\usetextfig (chessfss), 672\usetheme (beamer), 758, 760\usf (MusiXTEX), 592\usfz (MusiXTEX), 592\usk (SIunits), 515, 516\ust (MusiXTEX), 592
utf8 option(beamer), 753(inputenc), 753\Utrigonal (aliphat), 533\utrigonal (aliphat), 533\Uvar (circ), 577

VV syntax (PMX), 640\V (circ), 577
v syntax (abc), 607
V: syntax (abc), 610\var (texmate), 682, 683\var* (texmate), 682\variation (skak), 677, 678, 679
variations env. (texmate), 682, 683
variations* env. (texmate), 682\VariationsEnvironment (texmate), 683

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GENERAL INDEX(V–X) 877

\VECTOR (curve2e), 47, 50\Vector (curve2e), 47, 48\vector, 43(curve2e), 47, 48(pict2e), 43, 44, 46\VectorARC (curve2e), 50\VectorArc (curve2e), 50\verbrotating output, 42(beamer), 790
verbatim env., 13(beamer), 790\Vertex (axodraw), 559, 560
vertex dots (Feynman diagrams), 560
vertex mode (Feynman diagrams)
algorithmic layout, 563–569
blobs, 566
coloring diagrams, 567
complex vertices, 567
definition, 563
external vertices, placing, 564
fill styles, 564, 565
freezing a diagram, 567
internal vertices, 566
labels, 567, 568, 569
line styles, 564, 565
line thickness, 566
line-drawing keywords, 566
polygon keywords, 567, 568
vertex styles, 564, 565
vertex-drawing keywords, 567
vertices, as dots, 566
vertices, connecting, 565
vertex styles (Feynman diagrams), 564, 565
vertex-drawing keywords (Feynman diagrams), 567\vertexlabel (feyn), 557
vertical shading syntax (beamer), 795
vertices (Feynman diagrams), 565, 566\vflipgoban (igo), 695
video, slides, 774
viewport key (graphicx), 28, 29, 30
viewports, 28, 30
violet syntax (xcolor), 726\visible (beamer), 768, 791
visibleenv env. (beamer), 770
vlabellift key (chessboard), 669\VLens (circ), 580\vline (colortbl), 741
vmode key (beamer), 777, 794
voice (musical)
definition, 617
labels, 653
spacing after, 653\volt (SIunits), 514, 515
voltas (musical), 640

VTeX program, 11, 24, 797
vtex option(graphics/graphicx), 24(pict2e), 43(xcolor), 721\vtopin (circ), 579, 581
Vx syntax (PMX), 640

W
W syntax (PMX), 630
W. syntax (PMX), 643
w.eps file (tlgc), 26
W: syntax (abc), 608
w: syntax (abc), 611\wall (circ), 580
watermarks, see PSTricks index\watt (SIunits), 514, 516\wattpersquaremetresteradiannp (SIunits), 516
wave syntax (xcolor), 728, 729
wave names, symbols for, 513\wbetter (skak), 678
wd key (beamer), 776, 777, 794\wdecisive (texmate), 682
WebCGM, 13\weber (SIunits), 514\wedgehashedwedge (xymtexps), 538, 539\welo (texmate), 683
wget program, 814\wh (MusiXTEX), 592, 593, 594\white (igo), 691, 692–695
white syntax (xcolor), 722, 723, 726\whitebar (bg), 697\whitecube (bg), 697\whitename (texmate), 683\whiteonmove (bg), 696, 697, 698\whitepoint (bg), 696\whitestone (igo), 695\whp (MusiXTEX), 592\width (graphics/graphicx), 38
width (pic), 19
width key
(beamer), 778, 792(graphicx), 28, 29, 31–33\wire (circ), 579\withidea (texmate), 681\wmove (skak), 679\wname (texmate), 685, 686\Word (cwpuzzle), 707
words (musical), 617\writegame (solvesudoku), 711\writepuzzle (printsudoku), 710\wwire (circ), 579

X
X syntax (PMX), 632, 633, 643

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GENERAL INDEX

yellow syntax (xcolor), 722, 724, 726\yocto (SIunits), 515\yotta (SIunits), 515
Young-Helmholtz Law, 714\yqu (MusiXTEX), 592

x key (graphicx), 40, 41
x syntax (PMX), 625, 627, 628, 630
x11names option (xcolor), 721
X: syntax(PMX), 643(abc), 601, 602, 603, 608
XCircuit program, 576, 586
xcolor option (beamer), 753
xcolor package, 7, 713, 719–737, 740, 747, 753.xcp file extension (xcolor), 721
xdvi option (pict2e), 43
xdvi program, 24
xetex option (xcolor), 720, 721
xetex program, 798, 803
xfig program, 1, 6, 13, 21, 586\xglobal (xcolor), 726
xiangqi chess, 687, 688–690\XNOR (circ), 578\XOR (circ), 578
xpdf program, 12, 804
xq package, 688\xqu (MusiXTEX), 592
xtuplets (musical), 626, 627, 628
XΥMTEX package, 520–540
xymtex package, 520, 537
xymtexps package, 537
xymtx-ps package, 537
XY-pic package, xxvi, xxviii, 5, 9, 16, see also XY-pic index

Z
Z syntax (m-ch-en), 544
z syntax(PMX), 628(abc), 603, 604, 607\z... (MusiXTEX), 594
Z0 syntax (m-ch-en), 544, 546\zbreve (MusiXTEX), 592\zcharnote (MusiXTEX), 599\ZD (circ), 577\zepto (SIunits), 515\zetta (SIunits), 515\zh (MusiXTEX), 594\ZigZag (axodraw), 559, 560
zigzag lines (Feynman diagrams), 559, 560
zlib program, 799\zlonga (MusiXTEX), 592\zmaxima (MusiXTEX), 592\znotes (MusiXTEX), 595\zq (MusiXTEX), 596\zqb (MusiXTEX), 596\zw (MusiXTEX), 594\zwq (MusiXTEX), 592

Yy key (graphicx), 40, 41

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i“tlgc2” — 2007/8/17 — 15:24 — page 879 — #61ii and SymbolsA\( (pst-pdf), 800\) (pst-pdf), 800++ syntax (
), 52
), 52
+-+ syntax (), 54– syntax (), 54.. syntax (), 114_T (3-D extensions
animations, 209
cubes, 210
curve intersections, computing, 211
globes, 209
hexagonal meshes, 210
labels in space, 211
files, creating, 209
overview, 207
packages for, 208–212
perspective projection, 208
physics diagrams, 209
projected segments, 211
requirements, 207
3DLDF program, 211, 212
package, 68, 207–209
3d
package, 208
3dgeomabs (), 56
Acrobat Distiller program, 797, 798
active option (pst-pdf), 800
activities, UML
beginning, 187
constructing, 187
ending, 187
Activity (metaUML), 187
Actor (metaUML), 187
actors, 187), 143, 146, 150, 176
addto (
\addtocounter (mfpic), 136
Adobe Reader program, 804, 817
Adobe Illustrator program, 65, 137, 138aﬃne transforms
mfpic, 136
language, 53), 101–103
align key ()
alignment (boxes
horizontal, 101
horizontal separation, 102
mixed objects, 102, 103vertical, 101, 103
within frames, 104




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880 (A–B)

alignment () (cont.)
trees, 107, 108
analytical curves (mfpic), 133), 53, 142, 191, 205
angle (
angle key (), 86
angle dimensions (mfpic), 127angleA key (), 85, 87–92, 94, 177), 85, 87, 88–91, 92, 94
angleB key (animation
3d package, 208
m3d package, 209
techniques, 156, 157
annotations
mfpic, 134
drawings, 134
pictures, 61–64, 65\arc (mfpic), 127, 128
arcangle key (), 86
arcangleA key (), 85, 88, 93
arcangleB key (), 85, 88, 93
arclength (), 142, 191
arcs
mfpic, 128, 88
arctime (), 142arm key (), 86
armA key (), 85, 89–91, 177
armB key (), 85, 89–91\arrow (mfpic), 127, 132, 135
arrowsmfpic
drawing, 132
length, 132
shape, 132
cmarrows, 188connections (), 87
arrows key (), 84, 85, 87, 94, 118geometry, 195
associations, UML, 186augment (graph), 161, 162, 164, 167, 169
AutoCAD program, 137
autogrid (graph), 158, 159, 163, 165–167\axes (mfpic), 123, 124, 127, 128, 130, 131, 132axes, drawing (mfpic), 128\axis (mfpic), 128\axisheadlen rigid length (mfpic), 128, 132\axismarks (mfpic), 129

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B
babel package, 124
bar package, 162
bar charts
mfpic, 130
graph, 162, 163, 164, 166\barchart (mfpic), 130, 131base (exteps), 156
basic objects, 82, 83
battery (makecirc), 197, 199), 62, 163, 165
bbox (
bcircle (metafun), 74\bclosed (mfpic), 127, 132
Begin (metaUML), 187, 188), 68, 72
beginchar (begineps (exteps), 156), 72, 73, 80, 156
beginfig (begingraph (graph), 157, 158, 169), 87, 88
Bézier curves (Bézier paths (mfpic), 128
bibtex program, 801, 806
Bigbrace (cmarrows), 189
bigbrace (cmarrows), 189
Biggbrace (cmarrows), 189
biggbrace (cmarrows), 189
bitmap (.gf) output files, 69, 70), 60
black (
block drawing, 177
package, 177
blockdraw
blue (), 60), 150
bluepart (blurred eﬀects, 152\bmarks (mfpic), 129
Bond graphs, 177), 53, 56
boolean (border key (
), 85
), 85
bordercolor key (), 61
bot syntax (), 67, 150
bounded (bounding box (mfpic), 124
BoundingBox (PostScript), 72
class), 95, 96, 99
Box (box-line diagrams, 178–180, 181), 85, 92
boxdepth key (boxes)
alignment (centering, 103
horizontal, 101
horizontal separation, 102
mixed objects, 102, 103vertical, 101, 103
within frames, 104
empty, 82, 83
package, 57, 75, 76, 79–81, 177
boxes), 85, 92
boxheight key (boxit (boxes), 76, 77, 78
boxjoin (boxes), 76, 77, 78, 79), 85, 92, 93
boxsize key (bpath (), 77, 78, 79), 61–63, 95, 157, 158, 159, 162, 164btex (\btwnfcn (mfpic), 133

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buildcycle ((B–C) 881), 165

closedC
capacitor (makecirc), 196, 197, 198, 199, 201
capacitors, 196
captions, centering, 124, 134
card boxes, 180\cbclosed (mfpic), 132
Celtic artwork, 148centering (mfpic)
captions, 124, 134
ellipses, 128
symbols, 129
centerto (makecirc), 198, 199, 200, 202
centreof (makecirc), 196, 198, 199, 202\chartbar (mfpic), 130
class), 114
Circle (\circle (mfpic), 127, 128
circleit (boxes), 76, 77, 78, 79
circlesconnections (), 92
diagrams, 179
diameter (mfpic), 132
drawing (mfpic), 128
filled and centered, 129
filling (mfpic), 132
nine points circle of a triangle, 190
wedge of (mfpic), 129
circmargin (boxes), 76, 79), 98, 100
circmargin key (circular), 98–100
containers (gradients, 143, 144
Class (metaUML), 181, 182, 183–186
classrelations (UML diagrams), 184
templates (UML diagrams), 183
classStereotypes (metaUML), 183
ClassTemplate (metaUML), 183
clearing (mfpic)
closed objects, 133
symbols, 124), 81
clearObj (\clearsymbols (mfpic), 124
clink (metaUML), 186), 63, 143, 145, 148, 150, 206
clip (\clipmfpic (mfpic), 124), 67, 150
clipped (clipping
figures (mfpic), 124tools, 148
clipping (exteps), 156

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


objects
clearing, 133
filling, 133
polygons (mfpic), 129
closefrm (), 67\closegraphsfile (mfpic), 125
closing objects
mfpic, 132
language, 54
cmarrows
package, 188
CMYK color, 75
coilarm key (), 86
coilarmA key (), 85, 94
coilarmB key (), 85, 94
coilaspect key (), 85, 94
coilheight key (), 85, 94coilinc key (), 85, 94
coils, connections (), 94
coilwidth key (), 85, 94
color
mfpic, 127
CMYK, 75
drawings, 127
graying, 75
labels, 120
vs.
, 60
transparency, 75
color (), 60, 64, 79, 209
commands (mfpic), 127
comments (mfpic), 134
Comprehensive TEX Archive Network, see CTAN
connect env. (mfpic), 126, 132, 133connections ()
arcs, 88
arrow style, 87
behind objects, 90
Bézier curves, 87, 88
circles, 92
coils, 94
curved boxes, 93
double straight line, 87
inside boxes, 92, 93
labels for, 95
line starting point, 87
line style, 86
line thickness, 86
looping lines, 91, 92
multi-segment lines, 89–91
overview, 84–86
rounded corners, 93
straight lines, 86, 87
zigzags, 94
connectors, diagrams, 180
Container (class), 104

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882 (C–D)

containers ()
circular, 98–100
description, 95
double-walled
box, 99, 100
circle, 100
ellipsis, 100
elliptical, 98–100
margins, 96, 97
oval boxes, 96
polygons, 97
rounded corners, 96
simple box, 95
square box, 95
contour (), 143, 150
control points, 53
convert program, 806
coordinate dimensions (mfpic), 127
coordinate system, specifying (mfpic), 126
coords env. (mfpic), 136
Corel Draw program, 137, 138
cosd (), 53, 195
CTAN (Comprehensive TEX Archive Network)archived files, finding and transferring, 813
description, 810
files, from the command line, 814
TEX file catalogue, 811
web access, 810, 811, 812, 813, 814
ctext (makecirc), 200, 201
cubes, 210
curl (), 54, 55
current (makecirc), 197, 199, 201, 202
currentpen (), 146currentpicture (), 62, 65, 66, 155, 156, 176\curve (mfpic), 127, 128, 136
curved box connections (), 93
curvesfunction drawing, 168, 169
intersections, computing, 211
language
3-D, 57, 58
controlling, 55
drawing, 54
path data, 53
polar coordinates, 169
through points (mfpic), 128
cutafter (), 77, 78, 79
cutbefore (), 77, 78, 79
cycle (), 54, 56, 161, 162, 164\cyclic (mfpic), 128





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







D




Dalign key (), 107, 110, 111, 114\darkershade (mfpic), 132
dashed (), 79, 86, 88, 157, 158, 162

dashed lines (mfpic), 133
dashes (expressg), 180
dashes (mfpic)
gap between, 131, 133
length, 132
length of, 131
lines, 133
spacing, 132\dashlen rigid length (mfpic), 131–133\dashlineset (mfpic), 132\dashspace rigid length (mfpic), 131–133
data types,
language, 53
DBox (
class), 99
debugging figures (mfpic), 125
def (
), 57
defaultdx (boxes), 76
defaultdy (boxes), 76
defaultfont (), 61, 79, 163, 165, 174
defaultscale (), 61, 62, 78, 79, 163, 165–167
DefinePattern (piechartMP), 175, 176
diagrams
block drawing, 177
Bond graphs, 177
box-line, 178–180, 181
card boxes, 180
circles, 179
connectors, 180
diamond boxes, 180
embedding in LATEX, 120, 121, 122
flow charts, 177, 181
graphs, 176
index boxes, 180
ovals, 179
relations, 180
rounded boxes, 179
slanted rectangles, 179
diamond-shaped boxes, 180
diode (makecirc), 197, 199, 202
dir (), 54, 55, 77–79
direction (), 142, 205
disadvantages, 139
displaymath env. (pst-pdf), 800
displaymath option (pst-pdf), 800
distance dimensions (mfpic), 127\doaxis (mfpic), 128
documentation, see also online resources
command-line interface, 815
panel interface, 816
search by name, 815
search by product, 816
texdoc, 815
texdock, 816
dotlabel (), 61dotlabels (), 62\dotlineset (mfpic), 132

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dots (shading), gap between (mfpic), 131, 133, 134\dotted (mfpic), 127, 133dotted lines (mfpic), 133
double-walled containers ()
box, 99, 100
circle, 100
ellipsis, 100
doublearrow (cmarrows), 189
doubleline key (), 85, 87, 88, 94
doublesep key (), 85
dpi (dots per inch), 70
draft option (pst-pdf), 800\draw (mfpic), 133, 134
draw (), 54, 55, 56, 76, 84, 87, 158, 189
draw_hatched_band (hatching), 150
draw_Obj (), 114, 118
drawarrow (), 77, 78, 79, 84, 87, 189
drawBINARY (expressg), 178
drawBOOLEAN (expressg), 178
drawboxed (boxes), 76, 77, 78
drawboxes (boxes), 76, 77
drawcardbox (expressg), 180
drawcirclebox (expressg), 179, 181\drawcolor (mfpic), 127
drawCOMPLEX (expressg), 178
drawdashA (expressg), 180
drawdashcircle (expressg), 179
drawdashellipse (expressg), 179
drawdashO (expressg), 180
drawdashOA (expressg), 180
drawdblarrow (), 77
drawdiamondbox (expressg), 180, 181
drawEXPRESSION (expressg), 178
drawGENERIC (expressg), 178
drawGEVENT (expressg), 179
drawindexbox (expressg), 180
drawing
animation, 156, 157
blurred eﬀects, 152
boxescommands for, 76
committing to the page, 76
joining, 77
labeling connections, 78, 79
relationships between, 76
Celtic artwork, 148
circles, 74
circular gradients, 143, 144
clipping, 148
diamonds, 74
gradients, 143, 144
grids, 147, 148–150
hatching, 148–150
lines
creating grids, 147

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

drawing (cont.)
hiding, 145
repeating, 147morphing, 152
multipaths, 145
parallel gradients, 143, 144
pathsinterrupting, 145, 146
multipaths, 145, 146
patterns, 147–150
PostScript commands, 155, 156rounded corners, 75
simplified paths, 75
squarescreating grids, 147
repeating, 147
squeezing shapes, 74
text along a curve, 142
tilings, 147–150
transparency, 150, 151
turtle graphics
classic style, 153
turtle style, 153, 154
drawing (mfpic)
aﬃne transforms, 136
analytical curves, 133angle dimensions, 127
annotations, 134
arcs, 128
arrowheads
drawing, 132
length, 132
shape, 132axes, 128bar charts, 130
basic commands, 128–130
Bézier paths, 128
bounding box, 124centering
captions, 124, 134
ellipses, 128
symbols, 129
circlesdiameter, 132
filling, 132
simple, 128
clearing
closed objects, 133
symbols, 124
clipping figures, 124closed polygons, 129
closing open objects, 132
color, 127
commands, 127
comments, 134iich-end.tex,v: 1.24
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884 (D–E)

drawing (mfpic) (cont.)
coordinate dimensions, 127
coordinate system, specifying, 126
curves through points, 128
dashed lines, 133
dashesgap between, 131, 133
length, 132
length of, 131
spacing, 132
debugging figures, 125
distance dimensions, 127
dots (shading), gap between, 131, 133, 134dotted lines, 133
figure modifiers, 132, 133
filled centered circles, 129
filling closed objects, 133
functions, 133
global modifiers, 132
grids, 129
hash marks, length of, 131
hatching, line spacing, 131, 133, 134
joining objects, 126labels, 124, 134line segments, 129
looping, 136
mode, 123
mode, 124
modifiers, 127
numbering pictures, 126
object outlines, 133
options, 124, 125
pen, setting width, 132
pie charts, 131
plotting functions and parametric curves, 133, 135
pretty printing, 137
primitives, 126
processing, 123
rectangles, 129
regular polygons, 129
repetitive, 134
reversing objects, 133
rotating objects, 133, 135
shading, dot spacing, 131, 132, 134
size, specifying, 126
spirals, 136
symbolic names, 129
syntax, 125–127
unit length, basic, 132
wedge of a circle, 129
drawINTEGER (expressg), 178
drawLEVENT (expressg), 179, 181
drawLOGICAL (expressg), 178
drawnormalCA (expressg), 180
drawnormalCD (expressg), 180

  

drawnormalD (expressg), 180
drawnormalDCA (expressg), 180
drawnormalF (expressg), 180
drawnormalOA (expressg), 180
drawnormalOD (expressg), 180
drawNUMBER (expressg), 178
drawObj (), 81, 82, 83, 95, 177
drawObject (metaUML), 182, 183, 186–188
drawObjects (metaUML), 183, 184, 185–187
drawoptions (), 148drawovalbox (expressg), 179, 181
drawREAL (expressg), 178
drawroundedbox (expressg), 179
drawSTRING (expressg), 178
drawthickO (expressg), 180
drawunboxed (boxes), 76, 77, 79
dual bar charts, 164
duplicateObj (), 117.dvi file extension (), 63
dvipdfm program, 797, 798, 803
dvipdfmx program, 797–799, 803, 804, 806
dvips program, 62, 65, 797–801, 803–806
dvitomp program, 63
dx key (), 96, 100, 104dy key (), 96, 100, 104







E
electrical circuits
capacitors, 196
centering elements, 198
centering text, 200–202
command syntax, 199
element abbreviations, 198
element types, 199
elements of, 196–199
inductors, 196
pin connections, 200
resistors, 196
symbols, 196, 197, 198
wiring type, 198\ellipse (mfpic), 128, 136
ellipsescentered, 128
in a parallelogram, 191
elliptical containers (), 98–100
emp env. (emp), 121
emp package, 120, 121, 167
empcmds env. (emp), 121
empdef env. (emp), 121
empfile env. (emp), 121
empgraph env. (emp), 122\empprelude (emp), 122
empty boxes (), 82, 83
EmptyBox (class), 82, 83, 95\empuse (emp), 121

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End (metaUML), 187, 188
), 72
end (
endchar (), 68, 72
endeps (exteps), 156), 65, 72, 73, 80
endfig (endfor (), 52, 55
endgraph (graph), 157, 158, 169
EntryPoint (metaUML), 188
EPS output files, 72, 73
epsdrawdot (exteps), 156
epstopdf program, 804, 806
eqnarray env. (pst-pdf), 800
equation env. (pst-pdf), 800
etex (), 61–63, 95, 157, 158, 159, 162, 164), 56, 204
exitif (ExitPoint (metaUML), 188, 137, 138
expr (), 57
expressg
package, 177, 178, 181, 182
extendObjLeft (), 108extendObjRight (), 108, 109
extensiblebrace (cmarrows), 189
extepspackage, 155

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




F




fanlinearc key (), 114fanlinestyle key (), 114
FAQs (Frequently Asked Questions), 809, see also online
resources\fcncurve (mfpic), 128featpost
package, 207, 209
feynmf package, 120
feynmp package, 120
figure modifiers (mfpic), 132, 133
file input/output, 67, 68
fill (), 56, 76, 150, 151, 158\fillcolor (mfpic), 127
fillcolor key (), 83, 104, 114
filled (), 67
filled key (), 83, 96, 98, 100, 104, 114
fills (mfpic)
centered circles, 129
closed objects, 133
fills, closed objects, 133
final option (pst-pdf), 800
finite state diagram, 79
fit key (), 97, 98, 100, 102, 103, 177
flipping trees (), 110floor (), 53
flow charts, 177, 181
font files, 69
fonts
encoding, 65
magsteps, 70, 71
PostScript, 71










fonts (cont.)
size, 70, 71
for (), 52, 55, 59, 66, 150
forever (), 56, 204
format (graph), 159
fractals
Hilbert’s curve, 194
Koch flake, 105, 104, 105, 194, 195
Sierpiński’s curve, 194
Verhulst diagrams, 195
frame (graph), 158, 159, 160–162, 164–166
framecolor key (), 83, 104framed key (), 82, 83, 104framesaligning boxes (), 104graphs, 158, 159
trees (), 112, 113
framestyle key (), 177framewidth key (), 83
Frequently Asked Questions (FAQs), see online resources
fullcircle (), 63, 66, 74, 165
fulldiamond (metafun), 74
fullsquare (metafun), 74\function (mfpic), 123, 124, 133
functionsdrawing, 168, 169
plotting (mfpic), 133, 135

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G
\gclear (mfpic), 133, 134
gdata (graph), 160, 161, 162, 163, 165, 166, 167
gdotlabel (graph), 158
gdraw (graph), 157, 158, 160, 162, 164–166, 169
gdrawarrow (graph), 158
gdrawdblarrow (graph), 158
generator (makecirc), 197, 199
geometriesyr16
package, 192
geometry
art, 195
ellipse in a parallelogram, 191
fractals, 194, 195
golden ratio, 192
hand-drawn figures, 192
Hilbert’s curve, 194
nine points circle of a triangle, 190
plane, 190, 191, 192
space, 192
Verhulst diagrams, 195.gf file extension (), 69–71\gfill (mfpic), 127, 131, 133, 134
gfill (graph), 159, 160, 161–165, 167
gftopk program, 70
ghostscript program, 798

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886 (G–I)

ghostview program, 804
glabel (graph), 157, 158, 162–167, 169
global modifiers (mfpic), 132
globes, 209
gnuplot program, 137
golden ratio, 192
gpdatapackage, 167
gradients, tools, 143, 144
grap program, 157
graphpackage, 75, 122, 157, 158, 159, 162,
167–169
graphics package, 72graphicx package, 800
graphsbar charts, 162, 163, 164, 166
Bond, 177
data files
comment lines, 167
reading, 160–162
dual bar charts, 164frames, 158, 159
grids, 158, 159
inserting in LATEX, 167
labelsaligning, 173
annotations, 134
creating, 159, 160
pie charts, 173, 174
positioning, 173
shifting, 173, 174
overview, 157, 158
pie charts
drawing, 165, 171–173
height, 171
labels, 173, 174
observation angle, 171
oﬀsets, 171
radius, 171
segments, 170, 171, 172, 175, 176
setup for, 174, 175
text handling, 174
scales, 158, 159
text, printing, 167
ticks, 158, 159
types of, 162–167
graying, 75
green (), 60
greenpart (), 150\grid (mfpic), 129
grid(exteps), 156(graph), 158, 159
grids
mfpic, 129
from lines, 147

grids (cont.)
from multiple base patterns, 147from squares, 147
graphs, 158, 159
ground (makecirc), 197, 199





H

halign key (), 116hand-drawn figures, 192
hash marks, length of (mfpic), 131\hashlen rigid length (mfpic), 129, 131\hatch (mfpic), 131, 133
hatch_match (hatching), 149
hatchfill (hatching), 149, 150
hatching
hatch macro, 148
hatching package, 149, 150
line spacing (mfpic), 131, 133, 134
hatching
package, 149
hatchoptions (hatching), 149\hatchspace rigid length (mfpic), 131, 133
HBox (
class), 100, 102, 106
hbsep key (), 102, 107, 110, 111\headlen rigid length (mfpic), 132\headshape (mfpic), 132
help, see online resources
hexagonal meshes, 210
hexagonaltrimesh (featpost), 210
HFan (
class), 113, 114
hideleaves key (), 110–114
hiding/showing lines, 145
Hilbert’s curve, 194
History (metaUML), 188
hookleftarrow (cmarrows), 189
hookrightarrow (cmarrows), 189
horizontal
box alignment (), 101box separation (), 102fans, trees (), 113, 114, 115
How To Ask Questions The Smart Way, 810
HRazor (class), 82, 114
hsep key (), 102, 108–113, 118
hyperlinks, slides, 797–818
hyperref package, 798, 803–805

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I
ifthen package, 136
image (), 95, 146, 148, 149, 163, 165, 176
imesh (makecirc), 199, 202
impedance (makecirc), 197, 199, 202, 137, 138
inactive option (pst-pdf), 800
index boxes, 180
inductor (makecirc), 196, 197, 198, 199, 200

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inductors, 196), 163, 165
infont (init_numbers (graph), 159
initlatex(latex), 64(makecirc), 196
input (), 67, 75internal structures, 65, 66, 67
interpath (), 152interpolpackage, 167interpolate (metafun), 152interpolating (), 167
intersectionpoint (), 191intersectiontimes (), 148, 205
introspection, 66, 67
item (metaUML), 186
itick (graph), 158, 159




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
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




J
joining objects (mfpic), 126.jpeg file extension (pst-pdf), 806
junction (makecirc), 197, 199, 200–202



K
kindofcube (featpost), 210, 211
Koch flake, 105

L









labangle key (), 95, 119
labcard key (), 119labcolor key (), 119, 120
labdir key (), 95, 118, 119
labdist key (), 95
Label (piechartMP), 170, 173, 174label (), 61, 64, 78, 119, 158, 200
labelinspace (featpost), 211labeloffset (), 61labelsmfpic, 124, 134
color, 120
connections (), 95
erasing beneath, 120graphsaligning, 173
creating, 159, 160
positioning, 173
shifting, 173, 174
in pictures, 61, 62, 63, 64, 65
in space, 211, 118, 119, 120, 124
on graphs (mfpic), 134
pie charts, 173, 174
positioning, 119






labels (cont.)
rotating, 120
shifting, 120), 119, 120
laberase key (), 118, 119
labpathid key (labpathname key (), 119), 95
labpic key (), 119
labpoint key (), 95, 119
labpos key (), 119, 120
labrotate key (labshift key (), 119, 120), 108, 110–113
Lalign key (lamp (makecirc), 197, 199
package, 64, 196
latex
latex program, 797, 800, 801, 803, 804, 806
LATEX files, obtaining
web access, 810, 811, 812, 813, 814
package, 64
latex.mp
package, 59, 64, 151
latexMPlcircle (metafun), 74\lclosed (mfpic), 132
lefthalfarrow (cmarrows), 189), 52, 66, 78, 79, 142
length (), 61
lft syntax (libraries
boxes package, 75–79
metafun package, 74, 75\lightershade (mfpic), 132
linear equations, solving, 53), 81
linear transformation (), 85, 93, 94
linearc key (), 85, 88–93
linecolor key (linescreating grids, 147
hiding, 145
repeating, 147segments (mfpic), 129), 87
starting point (styles (
), 86
), 86
thickness (UML diagrams, 185\lines (mfpic), 127, 129, 135), 85, 86, 88, 93
linestyle key (), 86, 88, 94
linetension key (), 85, 88
linetensionA key (), 85, 88
linetensionB key (), 85, 86, 88–94
linewidth key (link (metaUML), 184, 185, 188
llcircle (metafun), 74), 150llcorner (), 61llft syntax (lltriangle (metafun), 74\lmarks (mfpic), 129.log file extension (mfpic), 124


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ii AND  

888 (L–M)

 language (cont.)

looping
mfpic, 136
commands, 56
connection lines, 91, 92), 91, 92lines (
loopsize key (), 85, 91
lrcircle (metafun), 74
lrt syntax (), 61
lrtriangle (metafun), 74

controlling, 55
drawing, 54
path data, 53
data types, 53
description, 52, 53
drawing commands, storing, 53
linear equations, solving, 53
looping commands, 56
macrosarguments, 59
default behavior, 59
defining, 57–60
key=value pairs, 59, 60
parameters, 57
string evaluation, 57
types of, 57
variable names, 57
pair data, 53
path data, 53
paths, transforming, 56
pen data, 53
pens, 53, 55
picture data, 53
point representation, 53
segments, 53
straight lines, drawing, 54
transform data, 53, 56
mode (mfpic), 123
metafunpackage, 61, 73–75, 138, 143, 151, 152
Metagraf program, 209
package, 80–120
basic objects, 82, 83
box alignment
centering, 103
horizontal, 101
horizontal separation, 102
mixed objects, 102, 103vertical, 101, 103
within frames, 104concepts, 81
connections
arcs, 88
arrow style, 87
behind objects, 90
Bézier curves, 87, 88
circles, 92
coils, 94
curved boxes, 93
double straight line, 87
inside boxes, 92, 93
labels for, 95
line starting point, 87
line style, 86
line thickness, 86





M


m3d
package, 209
macros,languagearguments, 59
default behavior, 59
defining, 57–60
key=value pairs, 59, 60
parameters, 57
string evaluation, 57
types of, 57
variable names, 57
magsteps, 70, 71
makecirc
package, 196, 198
makeindex program, 123, 806
makempx program, 63
makepen (), 53
Manhattan paths, 184
mapstoarrow (cmarrows), 189
margins, containers (), 96, 97
mathptm package, 65
matlabpackage, 167
matpos (), 118Matrix (class), 115
mcangle (), 118mcangles (), 118mcarc (), 118), 118mcarcbox (mcbox (), 118
mccircle (), 118mccoil (), 118mccurve (), 118mcdiag (), 118mcdiagg (), 118mcline (), 84, 118), 118mcloop (mczigzag (), 118meains (makecirc), 197, 199
mechanical drawings, 203
message (), 68
language, 51–167
aﬃne transforms, 53
closing objects, 54
control points, 53
curves
3-D, 57, 58


  
 


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ii AND    package (cont.)

looping lines, 91, 92
multi-segment lines, 89–91
overview, 84–86
rounded corners, 93
straight lines, 86, 87
zigzags, 94
containers
circular, 98–100
description, 95
double-walled box, 99, 100
double-walled circle, 100
double-walled ellipsis, 100
elliptical, 98–100
margins, 96, 97
oval boxes, 96
polygons, 97
rounded corners, 96
simple box, 95
square box, 95
description, 80
empty boxes, 82, 83
fractals, 104, 105labels, 118, 119, 120
linear transformation, 81
principles, 80
recursive objects, 104, 105
treesaligning, 107, 108
flipping, 110
framing, 112, 113
horizontal fans, 113, 114, 115
left to right, 109
mixed directions, 110
mixed objects, 111
overlapping subtrees, 111
overview, 105
right to left, 108
root at the bottom, 109
separating, 111vertical fans, 113, 114, 115
mode (mfpic), 124
MetaUML
package, 181
metric (.tfm) output files, 69\mfpdefinecolor (mfpic), 128\mfpic (mfpic), 124, 125
mfpic env. (mfpic), 124, 125, 126, 135
mfpic package, 52, 120, 122–136, 139\mfpicdebugfalse (mfpic), 124\mfpicdebugtrue (mfpic), 124\mfpicdraft (mfpic), 125\mfpicfinal (mfpic), 125\mfpicnowrite (mfpic), 125\mfpicnumber (mfpic), 126\mfpicunit rigid length (mfpic), 126, 132


(M–N) 889

\mfpverbtex (mfpic), 124
mft program, 137
mftoepspackage, 138
mode, 69, 70), 69
mode (
mode_setup (), 70
modifiers (mfpic), 127morphing, 152
motor (makecirc), 197, 199.mp file extension (), 63
mpattern
package, 148
mpcircpackage, 196, 203
mpos (), 118mproof package, 73, 74), 72.mps file extension (mpsproof package, 73, 74
mpt program, 137
mptopdf program, 73, 75
mptotex program, 63.mpx file extension (), 63
Mreadpath (graph), 167
multi-segment lines (), 89–91
multipaths, 145

  






N\name (mfpic), 129
name key (), 85, 119naming output files, 70
nb (), 116, 117
ncangle (), 89, 90
ncangles (), 89, 90, 91
ncarc (), 88, 93
ncarcbox (), 85, 92, 93
ncbar (), 88, 89, 177
ncbox (), 85, 92, 93
nccircle (), 84, 92), 94
nccoil (nccurve (), 85, 87, 88
ncdiag (), 90
ncdiagg (), 90
ncline (), 84, 86, 87, 95, 119, 177
ncloop (), 85, 90, 91
nczigzag (), 94
new_Box (
), 81
), 81
new_Box_ (new_Circle (), 114
new_HFan (), 114
new_HFan_ (), 114
new_RBox (), 114
newBox (), 81, 95, 96, 100, 101, 102–104, 114, 177
newCircle (), 86, 99, 104, 177
newContainer (), 104\newcounter (mfpic), 136
newDBox (), 99, 100
newDEllipse (), 81, 100, 112, 113


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890 (N–P)

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

newEllipse (), 98, 100, 104, 113, 177), 82
newEmptyBox (newHBox (), 100, 101, 102), 114
newHFan (newHRazor (), 82, 83, 102
newMatrix (), 115, 116, 117), 96, 97, 102, 103, 177
newPolygon (newPTree (), 105
newRandomBox (), 83
newRBox (), 96, 104, 114
newRecursiveBox (), 104
news groups, 810, see also online resources
newTree (), 105, 107, 108–113), 102, 103
newVBox (), 114
newVFan (newVonKochFlake (), 105), 82, 83, 103
newVRazor (nine points circle of a triangle, 190\nocenteredcaptions (mfpic), 124\noclearsymbols (mfpic), 124\noclipmfpic (mfpic), 124
nodesep key (), 86
nodesepA key (), 85, 87, 92, 93
nodesepB key (), 85, 87, 92, 93\nomplabels (mfpic), 124\nooverlaylabels (mfpic), 124
nopstricks option (pst-pdf), 800
normaldeviate (), 53
notightpage option (pst-pdf), 800\notruebbox (mfpic), 124
ntreepos (), 120
nullpen (), 53
nullpicture (), 66, 150
numbering pictures (mfpic), 126
numeric (
), 53











O







Obj (
), 81, 84, 114, 118, 120
object outlines (mfpic), 133
ObjLabel (), 118, 119observation angle, pie charts, 171
offset key (), 86
offsetA key (), 85, 87, 90, 91, 120
offsetB key (), 85, 87, 91, 120
oﬀsets, pie charts, 171
oldtexarrow (cmarrows), 189
online access to CTAN, 810, 811, 812, 813, 814
online resourcesarchived files, finding and transferring, 813
CTAN (Comprehensive TEX Archive Network), 810
web access, 810, 811, 812, 813, 814
documentationcommand-line interface, 815
panel interface, 816
search by name, 815

online resources (cont.)
search by product, 816
texdoc, 815
texdock, 816
FAQs (Frequently Asked Questions), 809
files, getting from the command line, 814
How To Ask Questions The Smart Way, 810
news groups, 810
program files, obtaining
web access, 810, 811, 812, 813, 814
TEX file catalogue, 811
TEX files, 810
TEX user groups, 817, 818
TUG home page, 810, 811
open objects, closing, 132\opengraphsfile (mfpic), 124, 125
optical drawings, 204, 205, 206
origin (), 160, 161
otick (graph), 158, 159, 166
OUT syntax (), 158output files
bitmap (.gf), 69, 70
EPS (Encapsulated PostScript), 72, 73
metric (.tfm), 69
naming, 70
PDF (Portable Document Format), 72, 73
oval box containers (), 96
ovals, 179
overlapping subtrees (), 111\overlaylabels (mfpic), 124




P



pair (), 53, 56, 60, 84\parafcn (mfpic), 133, 136parallel gradients, 143, 144parallelarrows (cmarrows), 189
paralleloppositearrows (cmarrows), 189
paralleloppositelefthalfarrows (cmarrows), 189
paralleloppositerighthalfarrows (cmarrows), 189
parametric curves, plotting, 133, 135
path (), 53, 55, 56
pathCut (metaUML), 185
pathfillcolor key (), 85
pathfilled key (), 85
pathHorizontal (metaUML), 185
pathManhattanX (metaUML), 184
pathManhattanY (metaUML), 184
pathofstraightline (featpost), 211
pathpart (), 66, 150
paths
between object centers, 186
between objects, 185
Bézier, 128
interrupting, 145, 146
multipaths, 145, 146

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ii AND  (P) 891

paths (cont.)
transforming, 56
UML diagrams
arbitrary, relations between, 184
between object centers, 186
between objects, 185lines, 185
Manhattan, 184
rectangular, 184
stair-like, 184, 185
pathStepX (metaUML), 184
pathStepY (metaUML), 184
pathVertical (metaUML), 185
patterns, 147–150.pdf file extension (pst-pdf), 806
PDF output files, 72, 73
pdfcrop program, 804
pdfinfo program, 804
pdflatex program, 797, 800, 801, 803, 805, 806
PDFs
creating
dvipdfm program, 798–800
dvipdfmx program, 798–800
from LATEX, 803–807
from PostScript, 800, 801, 802, 803
overview, 797
pst-pdf package, 800, 801, 802, 803
pdftex program, 797, 798
pdftops program, 806\pen (mfpic), 127, 132, 134
pen (
), 53
pencircle (), 53, 55, 56, 79, 162
penslanguage, 53, 55
setting width (mfpic), 132
pensquare (), 166perspective projection, 208
physics diagrams, 209
pic (boxes), 76, 77, 79
pic language, 75
pickup (), 55, 56, 79, 162, 166
picture (), 53, 62, 63, 65, 66, 95, 146, 206
picture env., 797(emp), 121
picturesannotating, 61, 62, 63, 64, 65
numbering, 126
size, specifying, 126
text in, 61–64, 65
pie charts
mfpic, 131
drawing, 131, 165, 171–173
height, 171
labels, 173, 174
observation angle, 171












pie charts (cont.)
oﬀsets, 171
radius, 171
segments, 170, 171, 172, 175, 176
setup for, 174, 175
text handling, 174
PieChart (piechartMP), 170, 171, 172–174\piechart (mfpic), 131
PiechartBBox (piechartMP), 176
piechartMPpackage, 143, 170, 176\piewedge (mfpic), 131
pin connections, 200), 69, 70.pk file extension (package, 74, 75
plain
plane geometry, 190, 191, 192\plot (mfpic), 125
plot (graph), 158\plotnodes (mfpic), 125\plotsymbol (mfpic), 124, 125, 129
plotting functions and parametric curves (mfpic), 133, 135\plrfcn (mfpic), 133\plrregion (mfpic), 133, 134.png file extension (pst-pdf), 806\point (mfpic), 124, 125, 129, 132), 78, 79, 142
point (
point representation, 53\pointdef (mfpic), 129
pointfilled boolean (mfpic), 132\pointfillfalse (mfpic), 125\pointfilltrue (mfpic), 125\pointsize rigid length (mfpic), 129, 132
polar coordinates, 169
class), 97
Polygon (\polygon (mfpic), 129
polygons
closed, 129), 97
containers (regular, 129\polylines (mfpic), 129), 97, 102, 103, 177
polymargin key (), 84, 86
pos key (), 81, 84–86, 87
posA key (posB key (), 81, 84–86
positioning labels
connections, 95
overview, 119
PostScript
commands, 155, 156
fonts, 65
PDFs from, 800, 801, 802, 803
postscript env. (pst-pdf), 802
pretty printing (mfpic), 137
preview package, 800–802\PreviewEnvironment (pst-pdf), 801



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ii AND  

892 (P–S)

previewing
characters, 69
drawings, 73, 74
primitives (mfpic), 126
printing text, 167
PrivatePattern (piechartMP), 176
program files, obtaining
web access, 810, 811, 812, 813, 814
projected segments, 211
prologues (), 64, 65
ps2pdf program, 797, 801–806
ps2pdf13 program, 804, 805
psfonts.map file (dvips), 65
psmatrix env. (pst-pdf), 800
pspicture env. (pst-pdf), 800
pst-pdf package, 797, 800–803, 805, 806\pst@object (pst-pdf), 800
pstricks option (pst-pdf), 800
pstricks package, 797, 800




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
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





R
radius, pie charts, 171
Ralign key (), 109–113
random number generators, 203
RandomBox (class), 83
randomized (metafun), 74
rbox_radius key (), 96
rboxespackage, 76
rboxit (rboxes), 76
rcircle (metafun), 74
rdrawarrow (), 84
readfrom (), 67, 68
rebindrelativeObj (), 108, 109
rebindVisibleObj (), 112, 113\rect (mfpic), 129
rectangles
slanted, 179
with corners (mfpic), 129
rectangular paths, 184
recursive objects (), 104, 105
RecursiveBox (class), 104
red (
), 60
redpart (), 150reflectedabout (), 62\regpolygon (mfpic), 129
regular polygons (mfpic), 129
relations, diagrams, 180
repeating lines, 147
repetitive drawings (mfpic), 134
resistor (makecirc), 196, 197, 198, 199, 200, 201
resistors, 196\reverse (mfpic), 133
reversing objects (mfpic), 133
rheostat (makecirc), 197, 199
righthalfarrow (cmarrows), 189










\rmarks (mfpic), 129
rncangle (), 118rncangles (), 118), 118rncarc (rncarcbox (), 118rncbar (), 118), 118
rncbox (rnccoil (), 118rnccurve (), 118rncdiag (), 118rncdiagg (), 118rncline (), 118rncloop (), 118), 118rnczigzag (), 55, 56, 63, 162–165
rotated (rotatedabout (), 62, 194), 56
rotatedaround (rotateObj (), 81\rotatepath (mfpic), 133
rotatinglabels, 120
objects (mfpic), 133, 135round (), 161rounded boxes, 179
rounded corners ()
connections, 93
containers, 96
rpathHorizontal (metaUML), 185
rpathManhattanX (metaUML), 184
rpathManhattanY (metaUML), 184
rpathVertical (metaUML), 185
rt syntax (), 61running, 68–73













S





scaled (), 55, 56, 62, 63, 66, 74, 79, 162, 163, 165, 166), 81, 104, 105, 107–112, 113, 117
scaleObj (scales, 158, 159
scantokens (), 57, 68, 160, 161–165, 166, 167
science and engineering drawings
electrical circuits
capacitors, 196
centering elements, 198
centering text, 200–202
command syntax, 199
element abbreviations, 198
element types, 199
elements of, 196–199
inductors, 196
pin connections, 200
resistors, 196
symbols, 196, 197, 198
wiring type, 198
mechanical drawings, 203
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ii AND  (S–T) 893

science and engineering drawings (cont.)
random number generators, 203
simulation, 203\sclosed (mfpic), 132\sector (mfpic), 129
Segment (piechartMP), 170, 171–174, 176segments
language, 53
pie charts, 170–172, 175, 176projected, 211
SegmentState (piechartMP), 171, 172, 173, 174), 155, 156
setbounds (setcoords (graph), 160\setcounter (mfpic), 136), 84, 86
setCurveDefaultOption (), 110, 114
setObjectDefaultOption (setrange (graph), 160, 161, 162, 163, 166, 167\setrender (mfpic), 126
SetupColors (piechartMP), 173, 174
setupLaTeXMP (latexMP), 64
SetupName (piechartMP), 175
SetupNumbers (piechartMP), 174
SetupPercent (piechartMP), 170, 174, 175
SetupText (piechartMP), 174, 175
SetupValue (piechartMP), 175\shade (mfpic), 127, 131, 133\shadespace rigid length (mfpic), 131–133
shading, dot spacing (mfpic), 131–133, 134), 56, 62, 66, 142
shifted (shifting labels, 120
shortaxisarrow (cmarrows), 189), 82, 83
show_empty_boxes (Sierpiński’s curve, 194
simplified (metafun), 75
simulation, 203), 53
sind (
slanted rectangles, 179
slides (color), overlay specification
hyperlinks, 797–818
smoothed (metafun), 75
source (makecirc), 197, 199, 201, 202
space geometry, 192
spatialhalfcircle (featpost), 209\special, 797), 155, 156
special (spirals (mfpic), 136), 53, 195
sqrt (
square box containers (), 95
squarescreating grids, 147
repeating, 147
squeezed (metafun), 74
stair-like paths, 184, 185
State (metaUML), 187, 188

states, UML
composite, 188
defining, 187
internal transitions, 188
special, 188
stateTransitions (metaUML), 188), 55, 205
step (
stereotypes, UML, 183straight lines
connections (), 86, 87
drawing, 54
string (), 53, 142
stroked (), 66, 67
stylesarrows, 188
linesconnections, 86
thickness, 86
turtle graphics
classic, 153
turtle, 153, 154
subpath (), 146substring (), 142
suffix (), 57
switch (makecirc), 197, 199
symbolic names (mfpic), 129
symbols
centered, 129
clearing, 124
electrical circuit diagrams, 196, 197, 198
syntax (mfpic), 125–127






























T


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
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
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T_ (
), 118tailarrow (cmarrows), 189
TC (), 114, 118), 118Tc (tcangle (), 118tcangles (), 118\tcaption (mfpic), 124, 134, 135
tcarc (), 118tcarcbox (), 118tcbox (), 118tccircle (), 118), 118tccurve (
tcdiag (), 118tcdiagg (), 118tcircle (metafun), 74
tcline (), 84, 118
tcloop (), 118
Template (metaUML), 184
template objects, UML, 184
tension (), 54, 78, 79
Terminate (metaUML), 188
TEX (TEX), 64

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894 (T–U)



TEX
package, 64
TEX file archives, 810, see also CTAN
TEX files, obtaining
web access, 810, 811, 812, 813, 814
texarrow (cmarrows), 189
texdoc program, 815, 816
texdoctk program, 815–817
textalong a curve, 142centering, 200–202
in pictures, 61, 62, 63, 64, 65
pie charts, 174
printing, 167
text (), 57, 59
textext (latexMP), 64
textual (
), 67
Tf (
), 96, 114.tfm file extension (), 61, 70
thelabel (), 62, 63, 142, 206
ticks, 158, 159
tightpage option (pst-pdf), 800
tiling, 147–150
time (), 68\tlabel (mfpic), 134, 135\tmarks (mfpic), 129
Tn (
), 82
top syntax (), 61
Toval_ (
), 98
Tr_ (
), 96
transform (), 53transformer (makecirc), 197, 199, 202
transistor (makecirc), 197, 199, 201
transparency, 75, 150, 151
Tree (
class), 86, 106, 113
treemode key (), 108–113, 118
trees ()
aligning, 107, 108
flipping, 110
framing, 112, 113
horizontal fans, 113, 114, 115
left to right, 109
mixed directions, 110
mixed objects, 111
overlapping subtrees, 111
overview, 105
right to left, 108
root at the bottom, 109
separating, 111vertical fans, 113, 114, 115
tripplearrow (cmarrows), 189
troff program, 64, 65, 75
tropicalglobe (featpost), 209
true (), 56
TUG home page, 810, 811\turn (mfpic), 134, 136












\turtle (mfpic), 129
turtle graphics
classic style, 153
turtle style, 153, 154
twoheadarrow (cmarrows), 189
twowayarrow (cmarrows), 189
twowaydoublearrow (cmarrows), 189
twowayoldarrow (cmarrows), 189
txp
package, 142

U



Ualign key (), 109, 110
ulcircle (metafun), 74
ulft syntax (), 61
ultriangle (metafun), 74
UML diagrams
activities
beginning, 187
constructing, 187
ending, 187
actors, 187
arrows, 188
associations, 186
between object centers, 186
between objects, 185
braces, 188class relations, 184class templates, typesetting, 183
overview, 181
paths
arbitrary, relations between, 184
between object centers, 186
between objects, 185lines, 185
Manhattan, 184
rectangular, 184
stair-like, 184, 185
rectangular, 184
sample, 181
stair-like, 184
statescomposite, 188
defining, 187
internal transitions, 188
special, 188
stereotypes, defining, 183
template objects, creating, 184
use cases, 186
unfill (), 56, 151, 163, 165, 206
uniformdeviate (), 53, 204, 210
unit length, basic (mfpic), 132
unitcircle (metafun), 74
unitdiamond (metafun), 74\unitlength (emp), 121
unitsquare (), 74, 75, 151, 153

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







unitvector (), 191), 55
until (
upto (), 56
urcircle (metafun), 74), 142, 150
urcorner (urt syntax (), 61
urtriangle (metafun), 74
use cases, UML, 186
Usecase (metaUML), 186\usecenteredcaptions (mfpic), 124\usemetapost (mfpic), 124\usemplabels (mfpic), 124\usetruebbox (mfpic), 124Vwhatever (), 160, 162, 166, 190\whiledo (mfpic), 136
white (), 60
wire (makecirc), 196, 198, 199–202
wireU (makecirc), 200, 202
wiring type, 198
withcolor (), 62, 66, 74, 79, 149, 158, 159,
161–163, 165, 167
withdots (), 88, 162
within (), 66, 67, 146, 150
withpen (), 158
write (), 68




X













valign key (), 116vardef (), 57, 78class), 100, 102, 106
VBox (
vbsep key (), 103verbatimtex (), 63, 124, 175
Verhulst diagrams, 195vertical fans, trees (), 113, 114, 115
VFan (
class), 113, 114
viewcentr (featpost), 209
visible key (), 85
VonKochFlake (class), 105
VRazor (class), 83, 114
vsep key (), 110–113
VTeX program, 797\xaxis (mfpic), 128
xetex program, 798, 803\xmarks (mfpic), 129, 130
xpart (), 53, 56, 198
xpdf program, 804
xscaled (), 149.gf (bitmap) output files, 69, 70.tfm (metric) output files, 69




Y
\yaxis (mfpic), 128\ymarks (mfpic), 129
ypart (), 53, 56, 198
yscaled (), 55, 149




W

Z

wedge of a circle (mfpic), 129
wget program, 814

zigzag lines (zlib program, 799

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nion

The LATEX

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“tlgc2” — 2007/8/17 — 15:24 — page 897 — #79

ii

PSTricks

Symbols\( (pst-pdf), 800(-) key value (pstricks), 261\) (pst-pdf), 800)-( key value (pstricks), 261* key value (pstricks), 252**-** key value (pstricks), 261*-* key value (pstricks), 261*0 key value (pstricks), 267*D key value (pstricks), 270, 271*L key value (pstricks), 270, 271*R key value (pstricks), 270, 271*U key value (pstricks), 270, 271+ key value (pstricks), 252- key value (pstricks), 261-) key value (pstricks), 263, 264-<< key value (pstricks), 260-> key value (pstricks), 259, 260, 262, 264-] key value (pstricks), 260, 264-o key value (pstricks), 264<-> key value (pstricks), 261<<- key value (pstricks), 260<<->> key value (pstricks), 261> syntax (pst-node), 356>- key value (pstricks), 260>-< key value (pstricks), 261>>-<< key value (pstricks), 261[-] key value (pstricks), 261\jobname.tmp file (pst-tree), 376{ } (curly braces), 304^ syntax (pst-node), 356_ syntax (pst-node), 356]- key value (pstricks), 260]-[ key value (pstricks), 261]-o key value (pstricks), 260]-| key value (pstricks), 260| key value (pstricks), 252|*-|* key value (pstricks), 261|-| key value (pstricks), 261|<->| key value (pstricks), 261|>-<| key value (pstricks), 261
3-D coordinates, 219
3-D parallel projections
3-D lines, 402
boxes, 404
circles, 405
coordinate axes, specifying, 401, 402
dotted lines, 402
ellipses, 405
keywords foraxes labels, moving, renaming, 413
circular arcs, 412
coordinate system rotation, 410
dimension scale, changing, 411
drawing style, 414, 415
edge appearance, 412
elliptical arcs, 412
hidden lines, drawing, 415, 416
list of, 410
plane, specifying, 413
plot points, 411

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“tlgc2” — 2007/8/17 — 15:24 — page 898 — #80ii898 (Symbols–A)

PSTricks

3-D parallel projections (cont.)
positioning the origin, 414
spherical coordinates, 416
suppressing coordinate axes, 411
plotting mathematical functions and data, 407–409
rectangles, 404
spheres, 406
square, 403
triangle, 403
3-D representation
buttons, 447
framed objects, 447
geometric objects, 445, 446
grids, 447
hidden lines or surfaces, 445
keywords, 395
light eﬀects, 447
normal vector direction, 397–399
rotating, 397, 399
shading, 394
sides hiding sides, 397
types of objects, 393
view angle, 397
viewpoint, 395, 396, 397
views, 219, 397
3-D views, 219@\@ifnextchar, 328Aa key value (pst-tree), 380\AAJ (rrgtrees), 425
absolute key value (pstricks), 235, 239
absorption key (pst-spectra), 432
absorption spectra, 432
Acrobat Distiller program, 797, 798
active option (pst-pdf), 800
Add key value (pstricks), 252addfillstyle key (pstricks), 253, 257\addto@pscode (pstricks), 292, 305
Adobe Reader program, 804, 817
affected key (pst-pdgr), 431
algebraic key (pstricks-add), 423
alignment, tree node labels, 379, 381, 382
all key value (pst-plot), 315, 318, 319
Alpha key (pst-3dplot), 401, 408, 409, 410, 411\AltClipMode (pstricks), 276\altcolormode (pstricks), 304
amplitude1 key (pst-osci), 434
amsmath package, 361
angle key (pst-node), 297, 299, 300, 343, 349, 351, 352
angleA key (pst-node), 342–345, 346, 348, 349, 351, 352, 360,
361

angleB key (pst-node), 338, 342–345, 348, 349, 351, 352, 353,
360, 361
anglesconnections, 351
in arguments, 218
specifications, 218, 302
Apollonius circles, 456
arcangle key (pst-node), 341, 347, 349, 351, 355
arcangleA key (pst-node), 349, 351
arcangleB key (pst-node), 349, 351
arced box connections, 347\ArcL (vaucanson-g), 440
arcs
3-D parallel projections
circular, 412
elliptical, 412
bent lines, 238
commands for, 241, 242
ellipses, 243
separation, 247
arcsep key (pstricks), 247, 248
arcsepA key (pstricks), 247
arcsepB key (pstricks), 247\ARG (rrgtrees), 425
arm key (pst-node), 341, 349, 351, 352, 360
armA key (pst-node), 343, 344, 349, 351, 352, 360
armB key (pst-node), 344, 345, 349, 351, 352
armB key value (pst-node), 342
array env., 361\arraycolsep rigid length, 364
arrayjob package, 322\arraystretch, 364
ArrowA (PostScript), 294, 295
ArrowB (PostScript), 294, 295
ArrowFill key (pstricks-add), 418, 419, 420
arrowinset key(pstricks-add), 419(pstricks), 260, 262
ArrowInside key (pstricks-add), 418, 419, 420
ArrowInsideNo key (pstricks-add), 419
ArrowInsideOffset key (pstricks-add), 419
ArrowInsidePos key (pstricks-add), 419
arrowlength key (pstricks), 260, 262
arrowscreating your own, 264, 265
custom style, 295, 418, 419, 420
inside lines and curves, 419
keywords for, 260–264, 418
length, 262
line termination, 259, 260, 261, 263
notch depth, 262
pre-defined, 259–261
round bracket termination, 263
rounded ends, 261
scaling factor, 264iich-end.tex,v: 1.24
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PSTricks

arrows (cont.)
size, 261
square bracket termination, 263
strut width, 263
transparent, unfilled, 419
unfilled, inside, 420\arrows (pstricks), 294, 295
arrows key (pstricks), 235, 237, 259, 260, 262–264
arrowscale key (pstricks), 260, 263, 264, 365, 419
arrowsize key (pstricks), 260, 261, 262
art, geometry, 456, 457
Asterisk key value (pstricks), 252
asterisk key value (pstricks), 252\attributeof (pst-dbicons), 445
auto key value (pst-fill), 386
automata, 438, 439–442
aux file (pst-tree), 376
axes
3-D parallel projections
labels, moving, 413
renaming, 413
specifying, 401, 402
suppressing, 411
plots
origin, 316
specifying, 319
axes key value (pst-plot), 314, 315
axesstyle key (pst-plot), 314, 315, 316, 321, 322, 391, 392Bb key value (pst-tree), 380
B+ key value (pstricks), 252
B-cp key value (tlgc), 265
BALLON key (pst-labo), 433
Bar key value (pstricks), 252\Bar (pst-3d), 390
bar charts, 450
bar codes, 453
barstyle key (pst-bar), 450
baseColor key (pst-fractal), 456
Basterisk key value (pstricks), 252
bbd key (pst-tree), 370, 378
bbh key (pst-tree), 370, 378
bbl key (pst-tree), 370, 378
bbllx key (pst-eps), 457
bblly key (pst-eps), 457
bbr key (pst-tree), 370, 378
bburx key (pst-eps), 457
bbury key (pst-eps), 457
Bdiamond key value (pstricks), 252
beamer document class, 440\begin@AltOpenObj (pstricks), 307\begin@ClosedObj (pstricks), 307\begin@OpenObj (pstricks), 307\begin@SpecialObj (pstricks), 307

beginAngle key (pst-3dplot), 405, 410, 412, 416
belowtext key (pst-pdgr), 431
bending lines, 238
Beta key (pst-3dplot), 401, 408, 409, 410, 411
Bézier curvesconnections, 345, 352
drawing, 244, 245, 291\bhpBox (tlgc), 274
bibtex program, 801, 806
black key value (pstricks), 216, 235
blank spaces, tree nodes, 369\blue (pstricks), 216
blue key value (pstricks), 216, 221, 232
blur key (pst-blur), 450
blurradius key (pst-blur), 450
blurred shadows, 450
Bo key value (pstricks), 252
BoldAdd key value (pstricks), 252
BoldAsterisk key value (pstricks), 252
BoldBar key value (pstricks), 252
BoldCircle key value (pstricks), 252
BoldDiamond key value (pstricks), 252
BoldHexagon key value (pstricks), 252
BoldMul key value (pstricks), 252
BoldOplus key value (pstricks), 252
BoldOtimes key value (pstricks), 252
BoldPentagon key value (pstricks), 252
BoldSquare key value (pstricks), 252
BoldTriangle key value (pstricks), 252
Boolean keys, 311, 312
border key (pstricks), 235, 239, 281, 346, 347
bordercolor key (pstricks), 235, 239
borders, 239
bottom key value (pst-plot), 315, 320
bounding boxes
creating, 220, 221
shifting, 221–223
tree nodes, 378
boxes, see also frames% (percent sign), comment character, 277
3-D parallel projections, 404
clipping, 274, 275, 276
commands for, 271–273
connection lines
drawing, 346, 347
size, 353
diamond-shaped, 273
double frame, 272
equilateral triangle, 273
framing, 270
ignoring spaces, 277
internal margins, 270
isosceles triangle, 273
keywords for, 270, 271
math, 278, 279

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i“tlgc2” — 2007/8/17 — 15:24 — page 900 — #82ii

900 (B–C)

PSTricks

boxes (cont.)
oval-shaped, 273
rotating, 276, 277
scaling, 276, 277
separation, 270
shadows, 272
simple, 271
size, 270, 273, 274
triangular frames, 271, 273
verbatim, 278, 279
boxfill key value (pstricks), 253, 255, 257
boxfill option (pst-fill), 383
boxsep key (pstricks), 270, 273
boxsize key (pst-node), 346, 347, 349, 353, 355
Bpentagon key value (pstricks), 252
br key value (pstricks), 267
bracketlength key (pstricks), 260, 263, 265
Bsquare key value (pstricks), 252
Btriangle key value (pstricks), 252
Bullet key value (pstricks), 252buttons, 3-D, 447
B| key value (pstricks), 252

C
C key value (pst-node), 362, 363
C syntax (pstricks), 260, 261
c key value (pst-node), 362
c syntax (pstricks), 260, 261
C-C key value (pstricks), 261
c-c key value (pstricks), 261
calc package, 323
calendars, 452
Cartesian coordinates, 224–226, 296
cc syntax (pstricks), 260
cc-cc key value (pstricks), 261
ccurve key value (pst-plot), 332, 333, 334
cells, matrices
empty cells, nodes for, 363
names, 364
spacing, 364
changeOrder key (pstricks-add), 422
charts, see graphs
Circle key value (pstricks), 252\Circle (tlgc), 255, 257
circle key value (pst-node), 362, 363\circledipole (pst-circ), 435\circlenode (pst-node), 338, 363
circles
3-D parallel projections, 405
center, specifying, 241, 242
degrees in, specifying, 218
fills, 241
keywords for, 247–249
overview, 240
sectors, 242

CircMultiply key value (tlgc), 250
CircPlus key value (tlgc), 250
circularconnection lines, 346
nodes, 337, 338, 350
civil engineering analysis, 436\CLAUSE (rrgtrees), 425\clipbox (pstricks), 274, 275
clipping boxes, 274, 275, 276\closedshadow (pstricks), 289, 290\closepath (pstricks), 284
closepath (PostScript), 284, 294
closing paths, 284
cm-> key value (tlgc), 264
cm-cm key value (tlgc), 264
cm-cp key value (tlgc), 264
cmyk key (pst-lens), 452\Cnode (pst-node), 338, 350–352, 363, 365\cnode (pst-node), 273, 337, 338, 351, 353–361\cnodeput (pst-node), 338\code (pstricks), 234, 280, 292, 293–295, 305, 327
coilaspect key (pst-coil), 455
coilheight key (pst-coil), 455
coils, 455
coilwidth key (pst-coil), 455
color
conflicts, resolving, 304
fills, 255
gradients, 448–450
lines, 235
overview, 216
setting, 295\color, 216
color package, 215, 216, 235, 304
colsep key (pst-node), 362, 363–365
columns, matrices
combining, 362
hooks, 362
width, 365
comma key (pstricks-add), 418
command summary, 459–466
commands, 219, 220comment indicator, percent sign (%), 277
commenting out grids, 230, 231
components
basic packages, loading, 215, 216
color, 216
kernel, 214, 215
Comprehensive TEX Archive Network, see CTAN
connections, see also lines, see also nodes
labelsabove the line, 357–359
below the line, 357–359
horizontal center, 359
middle of line, 353, 354iich-end.tex,v: 1.24
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i“tlgc2” — 2007/8/17 — 15:24 — page 901 — #83ii(C–D) 901

PSTricks

connections (cont.)
on specified segments, 355
on the line, 357–359
positioning, 357–359
relative position, 356
rotating, 354, 357
short forms, 356
vertical center, 359
package description (pst-node), 334, 335
pst-coil, 455
to node center, 347, 348
to node edge
angle, 351
arced box, 347
Bézier curves, 345, 352
box lines, 346, 347
box size, 353
circular lines, 346
curved, 341, 351
diagonal lines, 342, 343
gradient angle, 351
looped lines, 345, 352
multiple per node, 360, 361
parallel lines, 353
railroad diagrams, 345
segment arms, 352
segmented line, 342, 344
segments, counting, 355
segments, maximum number of, 354
separation from nodes, 350, 351
straight line, 341
continuum spectra, 432
convert program, 806\coor (pstricks), 293, 294
coordinates
3-D, 219
3-D parallel projections, rotating, 410
angle specifications, 302
axes, specifying, 401, 402
calculating with PostScript, 296, 297, 298
Cartesian, 296
default, 219, 296
determining, 296
double, 298, 299
overview, 223, 224
plotting functions and data, 314
polar, 296
relative translations, 299, 300
saving and restoring, 288, 305
units, calculating, 421, 422\CORE (rrgtrees), 425
Corners key (pst-ob3d), 446
CornersColor key (pst-ob3d), 446
cornersize key (pstricks), 233, 235, 238, 239\cput(pst-node), 338(pstricks), 269, 272
crosshatch key value (pstricks), 253, 255–257, 258
crosshatch fills, 255
crosshatch* key value (pstricks), 253, 255
crossing lines, 239
CTAN (Comprehensive TEX Archive Network)archived files, finding and transferring, 813
description, 810
files, from the command line, 814
TEX file catalogue, 811
web access, 810, 811, 812, 813, 814
curly braces ({ }), 304
curvature key(pst-plot), 333(pstricks), 247, 248, 249
curve key value (pst-plot), 323, 332, 333
curved line connections, 341, 351, 369, 376
curvesarc separation, 247
Bézier, 244, 245, 291
coordinates relative to current point, 292
curvature control, 247
gradients, 248, 249
keywords for, 247–249
mathematical plots, closing, 333
overview, 240
parabolas, 245
pen behavior, 240
points, displaying, 237
smoothBézier curves, 244, 245
overview, 244
through a list of points, 245, 246\curveto (pstricks), 291, 292
curveto (PostScript), 291, 295
cyan key value (pstricks), 216\CylindreThreeD (pst-vue3d), 445

D
D key value (pstricks), 270, 271
d key value (pstricks), 269
darkgray key value (pstricks), 216, 235
dash key (pstricks), 235, 236, 300
dashed key value (pstricks), 220, 221, 235, 236, 240, 281, 300, 302
dashed lines, 235, 240\dashedV (tlgc), 280
dashes, 236\Data (tlgc), 328
dataError.dat file (tlgc), 328, 329\dataplot (pst-plot), 323, 325\dataplotThreeD (pst-3dplot), 409
deceased key (pst-pdgr), 431
Decran key (pst-vue3d), 445iich-end.tex,v: 1.24
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i“tlgc2” — 2007/8/17 — 15:24 — page 902 — #84ii902 (D–E)\def, 328
\define@boolkey (pst-xkey), 311\define@key (pst-xkey), 311, 312\definecolor (color), 235, 258, 259\definecolorseries (xcolor), 459\defineTColor (pstricks-add), 257\DefList (pst-asr), 424\degrees (pstricks), 218, 219, 296, 297
degrees, specifying for circles, 218
dia key value (pst-node), 362, 363
diagonal connections, 342, 343, 377
diagrams
ER, 442–445
graphsrotating, 327
within text, 439–442
UML, 442–445
Diamond key value (pstricks), 252diamond key value (pstricks), 252diamond* key value (pstricks), 252diamond-shaped boxes, 273, 339
diamonds, 233\dianode (pst-node), 339, 363
diﬀerential equations, plotting, 424\dim (pstricks), 292, 293
dimen key
(pst-node), 344(pstricks), 235, 237
dimension keys, 312
dimension scale, changing, 411\diode (pst-circ), 435
dirA key (pst-jtree), 425
displaymath env. (pst-pdf), 800
displaymath option (pst-pdf), 800\displaystyle (tex), 278\Distillation (pst-labo), 433
dIter key (pst-fractal), 456, 457
dl key value (pstricks), 269\DoCoordinate (tlgc), 329
documentation, see also online resources
command-line interface, 815
panel interface, 816
search by name, 815
search by product, 816
texdoc, 815
texdock, 816\dolinks (rrgtrees), 425\DontKillGlue (pstricks), 223, 303
dot key value (pst-node), 362, 363
dotangle key (pstricks), 251, 252
dotGrid key value (tlgc), 228, 229\dotnode (pst-node), 339, 340, 363
dots
as nodes, 340
defining, 250, 251

PSTricks

dots (cont.)
definition, 249, 250
keywords for, 251
pre-defined styles, 251
rotating coordinates, 252size, 251
dots key value (pst-plot), 332, 333
dotscale key (pstricks), 236, 238, 251, 252, 298, 300, 302, 340
dotsep key (pstricks), 235, 236
dotsize key (pstricks), 236, 238, 250–252, 340
dotstyle key (pstricks), 249, 250–252, 298, 340
dotted key value (pstricks), 221, 235, 236, 240, 281, 300
dotted lines, 235, 236, 240, 402
double coordinates, 298, 299
double frame boxes, 272
double lines, 236
doublecolor key (pstricks), 235, 236, 241
doubleline key (pstricks), 235, 236, 238, 269, 281
doublesep key (pstricks), 235, 236, 241
dr key value (pstricks), 269
draft option (pst-pdf), 800
drawCoor key (pst-3dplot), 402–404, 411\drawedge (gastex), 439
drawing key (pst-3dplot), 410, 411\drawloop (gastex), 439
drawStyle key (pst-3dplot), 410, 414, 415, 416
duplicate macro names, 458
dvipdfm program, 797, 798, 803
dvipdfmx program, 797–799, 803, 804, 806
dvips program, 305, 306, 797–801, 803–806
Dx key (pst-plot), 224, 315, 317, 318, 324, 325
dx key (pst-plot), 315, 317, 318, 319, 324, 325
Dy key (pst-plot), 315, 317, 318
dy key (pst-plot), 315, 317, 318, 319E
ecurve key value (pst-plot), 332, 333, 334
ED (PostScript), 365\edef (tex), 304
edge key (pst-tree), 370, 376, 377\EdgeL (vaucanson-g), 440
edges, 3-D parallel projections, 412
electrical circuits, pst-circ package, 435
element key (pst-spectra), 432
ellipses
3-D parallel projections, 405
arcs, 243
drawing, 243
keywords for, 247–249
overview, 240
sectors, 243, 244
embedangle key (pst-3d), 395, 399
emission spectra, 432
emnode key (pst-node), 362, 363\empty, 380iich-end.tex,v: 1.24
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PSTricks\end@ClosedObj (pstricks), 307\end@OpenObj (pstricks), 307\end@SpecialObj (pstricks), 307
endAngle key (pst-3dplot), 405, 410, 412, 416
endX key (makeplot), 430
endY key (makeplot), 430\entity (pst-dbicons), 445.eps file extension (pst-eps), 457
epstopdf program, 804, 806
eqnarray env. (pst-pdf), 800
equation env. (pst-pdf), 800
equilateral triangle boxes, 273
ER diagrams, 442–445
error margins, mathematical plots, 329
error messages, mathematical plots, 330
Euclidean geometry, 426\everypsbox (pstricks), 278, 359
extensions, lines, 234

Ff key value (pst-node), 362, 363\FanEnd (rrgtrees), 425
fanned tree nodes, 369
fansize key (pst-tree), 370
FAQs (Frequently Asked Questions), 809, see also online
resources\fbox, 270, 272\fboxrule rigid length, 272\fboxsep rigid length, 270, 272
female key (pst-pdgr), 431\file (pstricks), 280, 294\fileplot (pst-plot), 323, 324, 325\fileplotThreeD (pst-3dplot), 408, 409
files, inserting, 294\fill (pstricks), 285, 286
fill (PostScript), 285
fillangle key (pst-fill), 384
fillcolor key (pstricks), 220, 233, 253, 254–256, 285, 289, 338,
392
fillcycle key (pst-fill), 384, 385
fillcyclex key (pst-fill), 384, 385, 387
fillcycley key (pst-fill), 384, 385
fillloopadd key (pst-fill), 383, 384, 386, 387
fillloopaddx key (pst-fill), 384, 386
fillloopaddy key (pst-fill), 384, 386
fillmove key (pst-fill), 384, 385
fillmovex key (pst-fill), 384, 385, 386
fillmovey key (pst-fill), 384, 385, 386
filloopadd key (pst-fill), 386
fills, see also tiling
automatic vs. manual, 383, 386
circles, 241
color, 255
complex patterns, 386
creating your own, 257

fills (cont.)
crosshatch, 255
debugging, 387
horizontal lines, 254
keywords for, 253, 383–387
line color, 257
line distance, 256
line gradient, 257
line width, 256
overview, 253
package description (pst-fill), 383
paths, 285
rotating patterns, 384
row/column shifting, 385
simple patterns, 383
solid, 254
standard styles for, 253
tile separation, 384
vertical lines, 254
whitespace, 256with graphics, 387
with objects, 255
without marginal lines, 286
fillsep key (pst-fill), 384
fillsepx key (pst-fill), 384, 385
fillsepy key (pst-fill), 384, 385
fillsize key (pst-fill), 384, 386
fillstyle key(pst-fill), 383–387(pstricks), 220, 233, 253, 254–257, 279, 281, 284, 285, 289,
392, 448, 449, 451
final option (pst-pdf), 800
finite state diagrams, 438–442
floating point number keys, 312
Flower key value (tlgc), 250\fmark (gastex), 439\fnode (pst-node), 340, 350, 363\focalPoint (tlgc), 310, 311
four corner node definition, 336
fp package, 458
fractals, 456, 457
frame key value (pst-plot), 314–316
framearc key (pstricks), 233, 235, 238, 239, 258, 271, 272
FrameBoxThreeDColorHSB key (pst-fr3d), 447
FrameBoxThreeDOn key (pst-fr3d), 447
frames, see also boxes
3-D objects, 447
boxes, 270
nodes, 340, 350
rounded corners, 238, 239
framesep key (pstricks), 270, 271, 272
framesize key (pst-node), 340, 349, 350\FrameThreeD (pst-vue3d), 445\FRectangle (tlgc), 383
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PSTricks\FSquare (tlgc), 383
full key value (pst-plot), 315, 320\func (tlgc), 406

G
gangle key (pstricks), 233, 235
gastex package, 438, 439
geographical representations, 438
geometric objects, 3-D, 445, 446
geometry
Apollonius circles, 456
fractals, 456, 457
Koch flake, 456
Mandelbrot set, 456
Phyllotaxis, 457
Sierpinski triangle, 456
ghostscript program, 330, 798
ghostview program, 804
glue, 303
gnuplot program, 330
gradient angle connections, 351
gradients
color, 448–450
curves, 248, 249
graphics package, 277
graphicx package, 800
graphs, see also diagrams, see also plotting
rotating, 327
within text, 439–442
gray key value (pstricks), 216
green key value (pstricks), 216, 241\grestore (pstricks), 285, 286, 288, 290
grestore (PostScript), 276, 284, 285, 286, 305, 306
gridcolor key(pst-gr3d), 447(pstricks), 226, 227, 228
griddots key(pst-plot), 332(pstricks), 226, 227, 228
gridlabelcolor key (pstricks), 227
gridlabels key (pstricks), 227, 228, 394
grids
3-D, 447
Cartesian coordinate system, 224–226
commands, defining new, 228commenting out, 230, 231
creating, 225
embellishing pictures, 229, 230
highlighting, 226labelsfont size, 227
positioning, 225, 226
lines
color, specifying, 226, 227dotted, 226, 227

grids (cont.)
width, specifying, 226
overview, 224–226
subdivisions
creating, 227, 228line color, 228line width, 228
gridstyle key value (pstricks), 222
GridThreeDNodes key (pst-gr3d), 447
GridThreeDXPos key (pst-gr3d), 447
GridThreeDYPos key (pst-gr3d), 447
gridwidth key (pstricks), 226, 227, 228\gsave (pstricks), 285, 286, 288, 290
gsave (PostScript), 276, 284, 285, 286, 305, 306

H
Hénon attractor, 326, 327
hatchangle key (pstricks), 253, 254, 255–257
hatchcolor key (pstricks), 253, 255, 256, 257, 279, 285
hatchsep key (pstricks), 253, 256, 279
hatchsepinc key (pstricks), 253, 256
hatchwidth key (pstricks), 253, 255, 256, 279, 285
hatchwidthinc key (pstricks), 253, 255, 256\hbox (tex), 270
header files, 302, 303
help, see online resources
Hexagon key value (pstricks), 252
hexagons, 308, 309
hidden lines
3-D, 445
algorithms, 414
drawing, 415, 416
hidden surfaces, 3-D, 445
hiddenLine key (pst-3dplot), 406, 410, 411, 414
hiding/showing tick marks, 316
high level macros, 309, 310
highlighting grids, 226
hlines key value (pstricks), 253, 254, 255, 256, 257, 281
hlines* key value (pstricks), 253, 254, 255
hooklength key (pstricks-add), 418
hookwidth key (pstricks-add), 418
horizontal lines, fills, 254
How To Ask Questions The Smart Way, 810
href key (pst-node), 348, 349
HRInner key (tlgc), 308, 309\ht (tex), 229–231
hyperlinks, slides, 797–818
hyperref package, 798, 803–805

Iiangle key (gastex), 439\IBox (tlgc), 229–231\ifcase, 322
ifthen package, 323

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PSTricks

illustrations, see pictures
images, see pictures\imark (gastex), 439
inactive option (pst-pdf), 800
infix (algebraic) notation, 429, 430
infix-RPN package, 430\infixtoRPN (pst-infixplot), 430
information theory, 439–442\Initial (vaucanson-g), 440
inner key value (pstricks), 237\input (tex), 214
integer keys, 312
intensitycolor key (pst-circ), 435
intensitylabelcolor key (pst-circ), 435
intensitywidth key (pst-circ), 435
invisibleLineStyle key (pst-3dplot), 410, 415
isosceles triangle boxes, 273
isosceles triangles, 233

keywords (cont.)
suppressing coordinate axes, 411
3-D representation, 395
arrows, 260–264, 418
boxes, 270, 271
circles, 247–249
curves, 247–249
dots, 251
ellipses, 247–249
fills, 253, 383–387
lines, 234
nodes, 370–378
polygons, 234
pspicture environment, 221–223
PSTricks, summary, 459–466
symbols, 251
trees, 370–378\KillGlue (pstricks), 223, 303
Koch flake, 456

JL\jobname (pst-tree), 376.jpeg file extension (pst-pdf), 806\jtlong (pst-jtree), 425\jtree (pst-jtree), 425

K
key key (pst-dbicons), 445
key/value interface
Boolean keys, 311, 312
defining commands with, 310–312
defining new keywords, 311
dimension keys, 312
floating point number keys, 312
integer keys, 312
low-level declaration, 310–312
real number keys, 312
string keys, 312
key/value specification, 217
keyval package, 217
keywords
3-D parallel projections
axes labels, moving, renaming, 413
circular arcs, 412
coordinate system rotation, 410
dimension scale, changing, 411
drawing style, 414, 415
edge appearance, 412
elliptical arcs, 412
hidden lines, drawing, 415, 416
list of, 410
plane, specifying, 413
plot points, 411
positioning the origin, 414
spherical coordinates, 416

L key value (pstricks), 270, 271
l key value(pst-node), 362(pst-tree), 380(pstricks), 269
lab apparatus, 433
labels3-D parallel projection axes, moving, 413
centering on objects, 269
commands for, 267
connections
above the line, 357–359
below the line, 357–359
horizontal center, 359
middle of line, 353, 354
on specified segments, 355
on the line, 357–359
positioning, 357–359
relative position, 356
rotating, 354, 357
short forms, 356
vertical center, 359
coordinate axes, 268
directions, short forms, 238
grids
font size (labels), 227
positioning, 225, 226
overwriting, 267
plots
axis origin, 316
axis, specifying, 318
fonts (labels), 318
hiding, 316
omitting, 319

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PSTricks

labels (cont.)
origin, hiding, 319
placing, 315
point of origin, 316
spacing, 317
symbols as, 322, 323
text as, 322, 323
points in a graphic, 268
reference points, 266
rotation angle, 266
tree nodesaligning, 379, 381, 382
creating, 379
examples of, 380
positioning, 378
separation, 381
labels key (pst-plot), 315, 318, 319–322
labelsep key (pstricks), 240, 265, 268, 314, 315, 318, 345, 357
latex program, 797, 800, 801, 803, 804, 806
LATEX files, obtaining
web access, 810, 811, 812, 813, 814
lB key value (pstricks), 267
lb key value (pstricks), 229, 231, 267
lengtharrows, 262
ticks, 321
unitsconverting to TEX, 293setting and changing, 217\lens (pst-optic), 434
lenses, 434
lensGlass key (pst-optic), 434
LensMagnification key (pst-lens), 452
lensScale key (pst-optic), 434
levelsep key (pst-tree), 370, 372, 373, 374, 375–377, 382
liftpen key (pstricks), 235, 240, 282, 283, 286–288
light eﬀects, 3-D, 447
lightgray key value (pstricks), 216, 223
LightThreeDColorPsCommand key (pst-light3d), 447
line key value (pst-plot), 323, 332, 333
lineAngle key (pstricks-add), 418
linear rays, 434
linearc key (pstricks), 232, 235, 238–240, 343, 345, 352, 355,
360
lineColor key (pst-3dplot), 402
linecolor key(pst-node), 346, 347(pstricks), 219, 231–234, 235, 236, 239, 241, 281, 283, 285,
296, 298
linejoin key (pst-3dplot), 234, 410, 412
lines, see also connections, see also paths
3-D parallel projections, 402
bending, 238
borders, 239

lines (cont.)
color
fills, 257
grid subdivisions, 228
user defined, 235
crossing, 239
custom styles, 282, 283, 285–291
double, 236
drawing, 231, 232
end markings, 237, 238
extensions, 234
fills, distance, 256from current point, 285–291
gradient fills, 257
grids
color, specifying, 226, 227dotted, 226, 227
width, specifying, 226
hidden line algorithm, 414
hidden, drawing, 415, 416
keywords for, 234
mathematical plots, customized, 328
positioning, 237
stylescustom, 282, 283, 285–291
dashed, 235, 236, 240
dotted, 235, 236, 240, 402
fills, 256
grid subdivisions, 228
solid, 235
width, 228, 256
width, 228, 234, 256
zigzag, 455
lines key value (pst-plot), 330linestyle key (pstricks), 220, 235, 236, 276, 285, 315, 316, 332\lineto (pstricks), 291
lineto (PostScript), 291, 294
linetype key (pstricks), 235, 240
linewidth key (pstricks), 220, 230, 232, 234, 235, 236, 239, 241,
248, 249, 251, 259, 261, 262, 268, 269, 281, 285
linguistics, 424, 425
Lissajou figures, 332\listplot(pst-plot), 323, 325, 326, 327(pstricks-add), 421\listplotThreeD (pst-3dplot), 409\loop (pstricks-add), 422
looped connection lines, 345, 352
looping, 422\LoopL (vaucanson-g), 440\LoopN (vaucanson-g), 440\LoopS (vaucanson-g), 440
loopsize key (pst-node), 344, 345, 349, 352
loose key (pst-tree), 373
low level macros, 307–309

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PSTricks

lozenges, horizontal, 233
LR (restricted horizontal Left-Right) mode, 269
lrbox env., 276

Mmacrosassigned to tree node edges, 377
duplicate names, 458
high level, 309, 310
low level, 307–309
special, 303–307
magenta key value (pstricks), 216, 235, 279
magnifying glass eﬀect, 452\makeatletter, 264, 365\makeatother, 264, 365\makebox, 337
makeindex program, 806
makeplot env. (makeplot), 430
makeplot package, 430
male key (pst-pdgr), 431
Mandel key value (pst-fractal), 456
Mandelbrot set, 456
mapCountry key (pst-geo), 438
maps, 438
markZeros key (pst-func), 427
math boxes, 278, 279
mathematical plots
adding values to data points, 327
curves, closing, 333
customized lines, 328
data delimiters, 324
data file, size limits, 325
error margins, 329
error messages, 330
external data, 324
functions, 332
Hénon attractor, 326, 327
Lissajou figures, 332
loading data records, 328
maximum upper/lower deviations, 328
package description (pst-plot), 323, 324, 325, 326
plot points, 334
plot style, 332, 333, 334
printing, 330
relative mean power values, 331
rotating a graph, 327
RPN (Reverse Polish Notation), 329
saving data records, 328
stack system, 329
symbols in data files, 324
tab characters, 324
third degree parabola with inverse function, 331
watermarks, 326

mathematics
drawing polygons, 431
Euclidean geometry, 426
infix (algebraic) notation, 429, 430
plotting matlab files, 430
plotting special functions, 427
Poisson distribution, 427
PostScript extensions, 428
RPN (Reverse Polish Notation), 430\mathrm, 361
matlab files, plotting, 430
matrices
nodes
cell names, 364
cell spacing, 364
column width, 365
combining columns, 362
empty cells, nodes for, 363
node type, defining, 363
overview, 361
positioning, 364
row spacing, 364
row/column hooks, 362
plotting, 422
mcol key (pst-node), 362, 364
medical pedigrees, 431
middle key value (pstricks), 237
minipage env., 393
mirrors, 434
mnode key (pst-node), 362, 363, 364
mnodesize key (pst-node), 362, 364, 365
Moiré eﬀect, 258
monohedral tiling, 383
Month key (pst-calendar), 452\movepath (pstricks), 290\moveto (pstricks), 283, 284, 291, 292
moveto (PostScript), 283, 294\mrestore (pstricks), 288\msave (pstricks), 288
Mul key value (pstricks), 252\multidipole (pst-circ), 435\multido (multido), 236, 258, 296, 458, 459
multido package, 216, 458, 459\multips (pstricks), 269, 298\multirput(pst-fill), 383(pstricks), 267, 268, 269
mv key (pst-dbicons), 445\myCoil (tlgc), 269\myGrid (tlgc), 229

N\n? put (pst-tree), 380
nab key value (pst-node), 349, 355
nAdjust key (gastex), 439

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PSTricks

nAdjustdist key (gastex), 439
name key (pst-node), 361, 362, 363, 364
nameX key (pst-3dplot), 410, 413
nameY key (pst-3dplot), 410, 413
nameZ key (pst-3dplot), 410, 413
naming nodes, 335\naput (pst-node), 343, 356, 357, 358
nArrow key (pstricks-add), 418\nbput (pst-node), 345, 355, 356, 357, 358\nc???? (pst-node), 340\ncangle (pst-node), 343, 344, 351, 355\ncangles (pst-node), 344\ncarc (pst-node), 273, 337, 341, 350, 351, 355\ncarcbox (pst-node), 346, 347, 353, 355\ncbar (pst-node), 343, 352, 355, 360, 377, 378\ncbox (pst-node), 346, 353, 355\nccarcbox (pst-node), 346\nccircle (pst-node), 345, 346, 355\nccurve (pst-node), 338, 345, 351, 352, 355, 360, 361
nccurve key (pst-node), 338\ncdiag(pst-node), 341, 342, 343, 355(pstricks-add), 418\ncdiagg (pst-node), 342, 343, 355, 377\ncline (pst-node), 230, 231, 335, 336, 338–340, 341, 342, 345,
349–351, 353–359, 362–365, 370, 374\ncloop (pst-node), 344, 345, 352, 354, 355\ncput (pst-node), 230, 231, 344, 345, 353–356, 357, 358, 359, 374\ncputicon (pst-uml), 442\ncSE (pst-uml), 442\ncSXE (pst-uml), 442
ncurv key (pst-node), 345, 349, 352
ncurvA key (pst-node), 349, 352
ncurvB key (pst-node), 349, 352
nEnd key (pstricks-add), 418
nesting nodes, 335\newcommand, 228\newif, 311\newpath (pstricks), 284
newpath (PostScript), 284\newpsfontdot (pstricks), 250, 251\newpsobject (pstricks), 228, 280\newpsstyle (pstricks), 222, 228, 279, 280\newpssytle (pst-3dplot), 414
news groups, 810, see also online resources\newtier (pst-asr), 424
nil tree nodes, 368
Nmarks key (gastex), 439
Nmr key (gastex), 439\node (gastex), 439
nodealign key (pst-node), 362, 364\nodeBetween (tlgc), 337
nodes
center, determining, 335, 336
center, moving, 348, 349

nodes (cont.)
circular, 337, 338, 350
connections, 455
connector separation, 350, 351
defined radius, 337
diamond shaped, 339
dots, 340
four corner definition, 336
frames, 340, 350
in a matrix
cell names, 364
cell spacing, 364
column width, 365
combining columns, 362
empty cells, nodes for, 363
node type, defining, 363
overview, 361
positioning, 364
row spacing, 364
row/column hooks, 362
in running text, 337
multiple connections, 360, 361
naming, 335
nesting nodes, 335
oval shaped, 339
placing, 335
plotting curves, 336
positioning, 336, 337, 361
radius, setting, 338
simple, 335
symbol size, 340
treesblank spaces, inserting, 369
bounding boxes, 378
command names, 367
curved connectors, 369, 376
diagonal connectors, 377
distance between, 372–376
fanned, 369
keywords for, 370–378
level separation, 375, 376
macros, assigned to edges, 377
nil, 368
order, changing, 371
predecessors, 367–369
reference points, setting, 368
reserving space for, 368
sets of branches, combining, 370
successors, 367–369
tree direction, specifying, 371
types, 367
trees, labelsalignment, 379, 381, 382
creating, 379
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PSTricks

nodes (cont.)
positioning, 378
separation, 381
triangular, 339
nodesep key (pst-node), 251, 297, 299, 300, 335, 336, 340, 341,
343, 346, 348, 349, 350, 351, 353–356, 359, 360,
362–364, 368, 374
nodesepA key (pst-node), 349, 350, 360
nodesepB key (pst-node), 349, 350, 360, 368, 374, 377
nodeWidth key (pst-geo), 438
none key value(pst-node), 349, 355, 362, 363(pst-plot), 314, 315, 316, 318, 319(pstricks), 220, 235, 236, 253, 276, 289, 290
nopstricks option (pst-pdf), 800
normal key (pst-3d), 395, 397
normal vector direction, 3-D, 397–399\NormalCoor (pstricks), 219, 296
normaleLatitude key (pst-vue3d), 445
normaleLongitude key (pst-vue3d), 445
notightpage option (pst-pdf), 800
noxcolor option (pstricks), 215, 216
npos key (pst-node), 344, 345, 349, 354, 357, 358, 442\nput (pst-node), 344, 357, 359
nrot key (pst-node), 344, 345, 349, 354, 358, 442
nStart key (pstricks-add), 418
nStep key (pstricks-add), 418\NUC (rrgtrees), 425
Nw key (gastex), 439

online resources (cont.)
program files, obtaining
web access, 810, 811, 812, 813, 814
TEX file catalogue, 811
TEX files, 810
TEX user groups, 817, 818
TUG home page, 810, 811
onset key (pst-asr), 424
oo-oo key value (pstricks), 261\openshadow (pstricks), 289, 290
operation key (pst-osci), 434
Oplus key value (pstricks), 252
oplus key value (pstricks), 252\OPR (rrgtrees), 425
optical systems, 434
origin key(pst-3dplot), 410(pstricks), 223, 224, 281
origin (3-D), positioning, 414
origin of ordinates, translating, 286
oscilloscope channels, 434
Otimes key value (pstricks), 252
otimes key value (pstricks), 252
outer key value (pstricks), 235, 237
oval key value (pst-node), 362, 363
oval-shaped boxes, 273, 339\ovalnode (pst-node), 339, 342, 345, 348, 352, 353, 363
Ox key (pst-plot), 315, 316
Oy key (pst-plot), 315, 316, 317Oo key value (pstricks), 251, 252
o-o key value (pstricks), 261
object types, 307
objects, as fills, 255
offset key (pst-node), 297, 299, 300, 349, 353, 354, 355, 360
offsetA key (pst-node), 349, 353, 360
offsetB key (pst-node), 349, 353, 360
online access to CTAN, 810, 811, 812, 813, 814
online resourcesarchived files, finding and transferring, 813
CTAN (Comprehensive TEX Archive Network), 810
web access, 810, 811, 812, 813, 814
documentationcommand-line interface, 815
panel interface, 816
search by name, 815
search by product, 816
texdoc, 815
texdock, 816
FAQs (Frequently Asked Questions), 809
files, getting from the command line, 814
How To Ask Questions The Smart Way, 810
news groups, 810

P
p key value (pst-node), 362, 363\parabola (pstricks), 224, 245
parabolas, 245
parallel connection lines, 353\parametricplot (pst-plot), 330, 332\parametricplotThreeD (pst-3dplot), 405, 407, 408\parbox, 272, 389, 393
paths, see also lines
closing, 284
creating, 284
deleting, 284
filling, 285
moving, 290
stroke, 284, 285\pc???? (pst-node), 348\pcangle (pst-node), 348\pcangles (pst-node), 348\pcarc (pst-node), 348\pcarcbox (pst-node), 348, 353\pcbar (pst-node), 348\pcbox (pst-node), 348\pccurve (pst-node), 348, 360iich-end.tex,v: 1.24
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PSTricks\pcdiag(pst-node), 348(pstricks-add), 418\pcdiagg (pst-node), 348\pcline (pst-node), 251, 348\pcloop (pst-node), 348.pdf file extension (pst-pdf), 806
PDF files, 458
pdfcrop program, 804
pdfinfo program, 804
pdflatex program, 457, 458, 797, 800, 801, 803, 805, 806
PDFs
creating
dvipdfm program, 798–800
dvipdfmx program, 798–800
from LATEX, 803–807
from PostScript, 800, 801, 802, 803
overview, 797
pst-pdf package, 800, 801, 802, 803
pdftex program, 797, 798
pdftops program, 806
pen behavior, 240
Pentagon key value (pstricks), 252
pentagon key value (pstricks), 252
pentagon* key value (pstricks), 252
percent sign (%), comment indicator, 277
period1 key (pst-osci), 434
perspective projection, see tilting
phB key (pst-asr), 424
PHI key (pst-vue3d), 445
Phyllotaxis, 457
picture env., 223, 303, 797
pictures, embellishing with grids, 229, 230
placement, see positioning
plain option (pstricks), 215
plane key (pst-3dplot), 410, 413, 414
plot points, 3-D parallel projections, 411
plotpoints key (pst-plot), 224, 330, 332, 334, 405, 406
plotstyle key (pst-plot), 224, 323, 324–327, 330–334, 411
plotting, see also graphs
coordinate system, 314
coordinate units, calculating, 421, 422
diﬀerential equations, 424
labelsaxis origin, 316
axis, specifying, 318
fonts, 318
hiding, 316
omitting, 319
origin, hiding, 319
placing, 315
point of origin, 316
spacing, 317
symbols as, 322, 323
text as, 322, 323

plotting (cont.)
looping, 422
mathematical plots
3-D parallel projections, 407–409
adding values to data points, 327
curves, closing, 333
customized lines, 328
data delimiters, 324
data file, size limits, 325
error margins, 329
error messages, 330
external data, 324
functions, 332
Hénon attractor, 326, 327
Lissajou figures, 332
loading data records, 328
maximum upper/lower deviations, 328
package description (pst-plot), 323, 324, 325, 326
plot points, 334
plot style, 332, 333, 334
printing, 330
relative mean power values, 331
rotating a graph, 327
RPN (Reverse Polish Notation), 329
saving data records, 328
stack system, 329
symbols in data files, 324
tab characters, 324
third degree parabola with inverse function, 331
watermarks, 326
matlab files, 430
matrices, 422
package description, 313
special functions, 427
step functions, 423
ticks
axes, specifying, 319
axis origin, 316
hiding, 316
length, 321
point of origin, 316
position, 321
size, 322
style, 320, 321.png file extension (pst-pdf), 806\pnode (pst-node), 230, 231, 299, 300, 310, 336, 337, 363, 436
pointscurrent, moving, 283
curves, displaying, 237
displaying, 237, 238
Poisson distribution, 427
polar coordinates, 296
polarplot key (pst-func), 427
polygon key value (pst-plot), 332, 333iich-end.tex,v: 1.24
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PSTricks

polygons, see also pecific polygons
drawing, 232, 431
keywords for, 234
PolyNbSides key (pst-poly), 431
pOrigin key (pst-3dplot), 414
PosAngle key (pst-eucl), 426
positioning
labelsconnections, 357–359
tree nodes, 378
lines, 237
nodes, 336, 337, 361
PostScript% (percent sign), comment character, 265
code, in PostScript output, 292, 305, 306, 307
coordinates, converting to TEX, 293, 294
mathematical extensions, 428
PDFs from, 800, 801, 802, 803
sending information to TEX, 365, 366
stack state, saving, 286
postscript env. (pst-pdf), 802predecessor tree nodes, 367–369
preview package, 458, 800–802\PreviewEnvironment (pst-pdf), 801
printing plots, 330
printValue key (pst-func), 427.pro file extension (pstricks), 302
program files, obtaining
web access, 810, 811, 812, 813, 814\protect (pst-node), 335, 337
ps2pdf program, 797, 801–806
ps2pdf13 program, 804, 805\psaddtolength (pstricks), 218\psAppolonius (pst-fractal), 456\psarc (pstricks), 241, 242, 247, 248, 281, 302, 344\psarcn (pstricks), 241, 242, 247, 281, 344\psArrowCivil (pst-stru), 436\psaxes(pst-plot), 224, 266, 276, 314, 315–327, 329–334, 391, 392,
459
(pstricks-add), 418\psbarchart (pst-bar), 450\psbarcode (pst-calendar), 453\psbarscale (pst-bar), 450\psbezier (pstricks), 244, 245, 282, 290, 291\psBinomialN (pst-func), 427\psboxfill (pst-fill), 255, 257, 383, 384–387\psCalDodecaeder (pst-calendar), 452\psCalendar (pst-calendar), 452\psccurve (pstricks), 246, 336\pscharpath (pst-text), 450\pscircle (pstricks), 234, 238, 241, 247, 255, 257, 259, 275, 308,
309
\pscirclebox(pst-node), 338\pscirclebox (cont.)(pstricks), 269, 270, 272\psclip (pstricks), 276
psclip env. (pstricks), 259, 275, 276\psCoil (pst-coil), 455\pscolhook (pst-node), 362\pscolhook???? (pst-node), 362\pscurve (pstricks), 245, 246, 248, 249, 282, 283, 284\pscustom (pstricks), 234, 240, 276, 280, 281–290, 293, 294, 295,
305, 327, 436\psdblframebox (pstricks), 271, 272\psdiabox(pst-node), 339(pstricks), 273\psdiamond (pstricks), 233\psdot (pstricks), 236, 249, 250–252, 296, 298, 300, 302, 339\psdot* (pstricks), 252\psdots (pstricks), 249, 250, 282, 296\psecurve (pstricks), 246\psedge (pst-tree), 369, 376\psellipse (pstricks), 239, 243\psellipticarc (pstricks), 243\psellipticarcn (pstricks), 243\psellipticwedge (pstricks), 244\pserrorLine (tlgc), 329\psFArrow (pst-fractal), 456\psFern (pst-fractal), 456\psforeach (pstricks-add), 422\psFractal (pst-fractal), 456\psfractal (pst-fractal), 456\psframe (pstricks), 232, 233, 237, 238, 239, 267, 270, 303, 306,
340, 383, 393\psframebox (pstricks), 258, 270, 271, 272, 274, 278, 279, 352,
448, 449\psgraph (pstricks-add), 421
psgraph env. (pstricks-add), 421\psgrid (pstricks), 225, 226, 227–230, 282, 324, 325, 331\psHexagon (tlgc), 307, 308, 309\pshlabel (pst-plot), 318, 322\psKochflake (pst-fractal), 456\pslabelsep rigid length (pstricks), 240\psLame (pst-func), 459\pslbrace (pstricks), 304\psline (pstricks), 218, 219, 231, 232, 234–236, 237, 238, 239,
247, 259–263, 268, 281–283, 291, 299, 300, 302, 365\psline* (pstricks), 220\pslinecolor (pstricks), 220\pslinewidth (pstricks), 235, 261, 263\psmathboxfalse (pstricks), 278\psmathboxtrue (pstricks), 278
psmatrix env.
(pst-node), 361, 362–365(pst-pdf), 800\psMatrixPlot (pstricks-add), 422\psovalbox (pstricks), 270, 272, 273, 339

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PSTricks\psPhyllotaxis (pst-fractal), 456, 457
pspicture env.
(pst-pdf), 800(pstricks), 218, 220–223, 225, 229, 303, 457
pspicture environment
bounding boxes
creating, 220, 221
shifting, 221–223
keywords for, 221–223
missing values, determining, 221
whitespace between commands, 223
pspicture* env. (pstricks), 220, 275\psPlot (pst-infixplot), 429\psplot (pst-plot), 224, 276, 283, 285–289, 306, 323, 330, 331,
333, 334, 428\psplotDiffEqn (pstricks-add), 423, 424\psplotImp (pst-func), 427\psplotThreeD (pst-3dplot), 406, 407, 411\pspolygon(pst-plot), 320, 333(pstricks), 232, 237, 238, 248, 271, 310\pspolygonbox (pst-poly), 431\pspred (pst-tree), 369, 376, 379\psPTree (pst-fractal), 456, 457\psrbrace (pstricks), 304\psrowhook (pst-node), 362\psrowhook???? (pst-node), 362\psrunit (pstricks), 218\psscalebox (pstricks), 277\psscaleboxto (pstricks), 277\psset (pstricks), 217, 218, 232, 259, 311, 418\pssetlength (pstricks), 218\psshadow (pst-3d), 388, 389\psshadowbox(pst-tree), 378(pstricks), 272, 378\psSier (pst-fractal), 456\psspan (pst-node), 361, 362\psspectrum (pst-spectra), 432\psStep (pstricks-add), 423\pssucc (pst-tree), 369, 376, 379
pst-3d package, 216, 388–400
pst-3dplot package, 217, 234, 313, 388, 400–416
pst-all package, 216, 313
pst-asr package, 217, 424
pst-bar package, 450
pst-barcode package, 453
pst-blur package, 449, 450
pst-calendar package, 452
pst-circ package, 309, 435
pst-coil package, 216, 455, 456
pst-dbicons package, 445
pst-dots.pro file (pstricks), 250, 302
pst-eps package, 216, 457
pst-eucl package, 426

pst-fill package, 216, 255, 257, 383–387
pst-fr3d package, 388, 447
pst-fractal package, 456, 457
pst-func package, 427
pst-geo package, 437, 438
pst-gr3d package, 388, 447
pst-grad package, 216, 448
pst-infixplot package, 429, 430
pst-jtree package, 425
pst-labo package, 433
pst-lens package, 452
pst-light3d package, 447
pst-map2d package, 438
pst-map2dII package, 438
pst-map3d package, 438
pst-map3dII package, 388, 438
pst-math package, 224, 428, 429
pst-node package, 214, 216, 313, 334–366, 379, 424
pst-node.pro file (pstricks), 302
pst-ob3d package, 388, 446
pst-optic package, 434
pst-osci package, 434
pst-pdf package, 457, 458, 797, 800–803, 805, 806
pst-pdgr package, 431
pst-plot package, 214, 216, 266, 313–334, 400, 406, 424, 426
pst-poly package, 431
pst-slpe package, 449
pst-spectra package, 432
pst-stru package, 436
pst-text package, 216, 451
pst-tree package, 214, 216, 366–382, 424
pst-uml package, 442, 443
pst-view3d package, 400
pst-vue3d package, 388, 393, 445
pst-xkey package, 217, 310–312\pst@arrowtable (pstricks), 264\pst@checknum(pst-xkey), 312(pstricks), 312\pst@def (pstricks), 307\pst@getcoor (pstricks), 310\pst@getint(pst-xkey), 312(pstricks), 312\pst@getlength(pst-xkey), 312(pstricks), 312\pst@object (pstricks), 253\pst@Verb (pstricks), 305\pst@object (pst-pdf), 800
pstcol package, 215
PstDebug key (pst-fill), 384, 387\PstDie (pst-ob3d), 446\pstextpath (pst-text), 451\PstFrameBoxThreeD (pst-fr3d), 447

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PSTricks\PstGridThreeD (pst-gr3d), 447\pstheader (pstricks), 302, 303\psTilt (pst-3d), 389, 390, 391, 392\pstilt (pst-3d), 389, 390, 391, 392\psTilt{30}{\Bar} (pst-3d), 390\pstilt{30}{\Bar} (pst-3d), 390\pstInterLL (pst-eucl), 426\PstLens (pst-lens), 452\PstLightThreeDGraphic (pst-light3d), 447\PstLightThreeDText (pst-light3d), 447\pstPlanePut (pst-3dplot), 413–415\PstPolygonNode (pst-poly), 431\pstProjection (pst-eucl), 426
psTree env. (pst-tree), 366\pstree (pst-tree), 366, 367–382\pstree,TC,Toval (pst-tree), 372\pstRelationship (pst-pdgr), 431\pstriangle (pstricks), 233\pstribox(pst-node), 339(pstricks), 271, 273
pstricks option (pst-pdf), 800
pstricks package, 213–466, 797, 800
PSTricks packages, see 3-D parallel projections, see 3-D
representation, see specific packages, see arrows, seeconnections, see fills, see nodes, see plotting, see
sciences, see trees
pstricks-add package, 224, 257, 318, 323, 418–424
pstricks.pro file (pstricks), 302, 305, 307, 365
pstricks.sty file (pstricks), 215
pstricks.tex file (pstricks), 214, 215\PSTricksfalse (pstricks), 303\PSTricksOff (pstricks), 303\PSTricksOn (pstricks), 303\pstScalePoints (pstricks-add), 421\pstThreeDBox (pst-3dplot), 404, 415, 416\pstThreeDCircle (pst-3dplot), 405\pstThreeDCoor (pst-3dplot), 401, 402–416\pstThreeDDot (pst-3dplot), 402, 403–405, 411, 416\pstThreeDEllipse (pst-3dplot), 404, 405, 412, 416\pstThreeDLine (pst-3dplot), 402, 403\pstThreeDNode (pst-3dplot), 402\pstThreeDPut (pst-3dplot), 401, 402, 414\pstThreeDSphere (pst-3dplot), 405, 406\pstThreeDSquare (pst-3dplot), 403, 404\pstThreeDTriangle (pst-3dplot), 403, 412\PSTtoEPS (pst-eps), 457\pstTriangle (pst-eucl), 426\pstVerb (pstricks), 221, 224, 234, 303, 305, 306\pstverb (pstricks), 280, 303, 305, 306\pstverbscale (pstricks), 221, 305\psunit (pstricks), 218, 292\psverbboxfalse (pstricks), 279\psverbboxtrue (pstricks), 279\psvlabel (pst-plot), 318, 322\pswedge (pstricks), 237, 242, 244\psxunit (pstricks), 218\psyunit (pstricks), 218, 222

Q\qdisk (pstricks), 224, 241, 268, 282\qline (pstricks), 232, 282

R
R key value(pst-node), 362, 363(pstricks), 270, 271
r key value(pst-node), 362, 363(pst-tree), 380(pstricks), 269\radians (pstricks), 218, 219
radius key(pst-node), 338, 349, 350, 351, 352(pst-tree), 366, 369–374, 376, 379–382
railroad diagrams, 345\raisebox, 221
rand (PostScript), 298
RandomFaces key (pst-ob3d), 446
rB key value (pstricks), 267
rb key value(pst-node), 353(pstricks), 267
rbracketlength key (pstricks), 260, 263
rC key value (pstricks), 231\rcoor (pstricks), 294, 295\rcurveto (pstricks), 292
rcurveto (PostScript), 292\readdata(pst-3dplot), 409(pst-plot), 325, 328, 329\readpsbardata (pst-bar), 450
real number keys, 312
rectangles
3-D parallel projections, 404
horizontal, 232, 233\red (pstricks), 216
red key value (pstricks), 216
ref key(pst-node), 349, 353(pst-tree), 368\reflectbox (graphics), 277
refrigerantBoulles key (pst-labo), 433\relationshipbetween (pst-dbicons), 445
relative key value (pstricks), 235, 239
relative mean power values, 331\resetOptions (pstricks-add), 424
restricted horizontal Left-Right (LR) mode, 269\rlineto (pstricks), 291

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PSTricks

rlineto (PostScript), 291, 294\Rnode (pst-node), 336, 348, 349, 359–361, 363\rnode(pst-node), 299, 335, 336, 337, 341–348, 352, 353, 355, 360,
363, 364(pst-tree), 374–377
rot key (pst-node), 349, 356, 357\rotate (pstricks), 287
rotate (PostScript), 287\rotatebox (graphicx), 277, 397
Rotatedown env. (pstricks), 277\rotatedown (pstricks), 276
Rotateleft env. (pstricks), 277\rotateleft (pstricks), 276
Rotateright env. (pstricks), 277\rotateright (pstricks), 276
rotating
3-D objects, 397, 399
boxes, 276, 277
connection labels, 354, 357
coordinate system, 410
dot coordinates, 252
fill patterns, 384
graphs, 327
objects, 287
symbols, 252
text, 392
rotating package, 392
rows, matrices, 362, 364
rowsep key (pst-node), 362, 364, 365\rPERIPH (rrgtrees), 425
RPN (Reverse Polish Notation), 329, 430\rput (pstricks), 229–231, 261, 266, 267, 268, 269, 271, 299, 331,
341, 342, 355, 368
rrgtrees package, 424, 425\Rrnode (pst-node), 360
runit key (pstricks), 218, 296

S\savedata (pst-plot), 328
savingcoordinates, 288, 305
data records, 328
PostScript stack state, 286\sbox, 229\scale (pstricks), 287, 288
scale (PostScript), 287
Scalebox env. (pstricks), 277\scalebox (graphics), 277
Scaleboxto env. (pstricks), 277\ScalePoints (pst-plot), 326
scalingboxes, 276, 277
objects, 287

sciencesabsorption spectra, 432
civil engineering analysis, 436
continuum spectra, 432
electrical circuits, 435
emission spectra, 432
geographical representations, 438
lab apparatus, 433
lenses, 434
linear rays, 434
maps, 438
medical pedigrees, 431
mirrors, 434
optical systems, 434
oscilloscope channels, 434
sectors
circles, 242
ellipses, 243, 244
SegmentColor key (pst-3dplot), 406
segmented connections
arms, 352
counting, 355
drawing, 342, 344
maximum number of, 354
SegmentSymbol key (pst-eucl), 426
setcmykcolor (PostScript), 298\setcolor (pstricks), 295
setlinejoin (PostScript), 234, 294, 412
setlinewidth (PostScript), 294
sfg package, 442\sfgbranch (sfg), 442\sfgcurve (sfg), 442\sfgnode (sfg), 442\sfgtermnod (sfg), 442
shading2-D
as highlighting, 239, 240
boxes, 272
custom styles, 289
packages, 388, 389
3-D, 394
shadow key (pstricks), 233, 235, 239, 240, 272–274, 281, 303
shadowangle key (pstricks), 233, 235, 239, 240, 289, 303
shadowcolor key (pstricks), 233, 235, 239, 289, 303
shadows
as highlighting, 239, 240
boxes, 272
custom styles, 289
packages, 388, 389
shadowsize key (pstricks), 235, 239, 289, 290, 303
shift key (pstricks), 221, 222
shortput key (pst-node), 273, 349, 355, 356, 359
showbbox key (pst-tree), 370
showbox key (pst-tree), 378
showFP key (tlgc), 311

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PSTricks

showgrid key (pstricks), 222, 223
showing, see hiding/showing
showorigin key (pst-plot), 315, 319, 323
showpoints key (pstricks), 235, 237, 238, 243, 281, 323, 326,
327, 330, 331, 334, 405
Sierpinski triangle, 456\skiplevel (pst-tree), 382\skiplevels (pst-tree), 382
skiplevels env. (pst-tree), 382
slanting, see tilting
slides (color), overlay specification
hyperlinks, 797–818
smooth curves
Bézier curves, 244, 245
overview, 244
through a list of points, 245, 246
solid key value (pstricks), 220, 235, 236, 253, 255, 279, 283, 285
solid fills, 254
SolidAsterisk key value (pstricks), 252
SolidDiamond key value (pstricks), 252
SolidHexagon key value (pstricks), 252
SolidOplus key value (pstricks), 252
SolidOtimes key value (pstricks), 252
SolidPentagon key value (pstricks), 252
SolidSquare key value (pstricks), 252
SolidTriangle key value (pstricks), 252
space
as fill, 256
between commands, 223
ignoring/preserving, 277, 303
inserting, 304\space(pst-tree), 374(tex), 304\special, 797(tex), 214, 280, 292, 302, 303, 304, 306
special.pro file, 305\SpecialCoor (pstricks), 219, 296, 298–300, 302, 310, 336, 337,
347, 348, 365
SpericalCoor key (pst-3dplot), 410
spheres, 3-D, 406
spherical coordinates, 416
SphericalCoor key (pst-3dplot), 411, 416
spotX key (pst-3dplot), 410, 413
spotY key (pst-3dplot), 410, 413
spotZ key (pst-3dplot), 410, 413
Square key value (pstricks), 252
square key value (pstricks), 251, 252
square* key value (pstricks), 252
squares, 3-D parallel projections, 403
stack system, 329
startX key (makeplot), 430
startY key (makeplot), 430\State (vaucanson-g), 440
step functions, 423

915

StepType key (pstricks-add), 423
straight connection line, 341
string keys, 312\stroke (pstricks), 284, 285
stroke (PostScript), 284, 294
stroke, paths, 284, 285
style key
(pst-calendar), 452(pst-jtree), 425(pstricks), 229, 258, 279
styles3-D parallel projections, 414, 415
arrows, 295, 418, 419, 420
dots, 251
fills, 253
lines
custom, 282, 283, 285–291
dashed, 235, 236, 240
dotted, 235, 236, 240, 402
fills, 256
grid subdivisions, 228
solid, 235
width, 228, 256
mathematical plots, 332, 333, 334
shadows, 289
symbols, 251
symbols, pre-defined, 251
ticks, 320, 321
user-definedclosed curves, concatenating, 281
defining, 279, 280
fills, 281
lines, 281
PostScript output, 280
subgridcolor key (pstricks), 227, 228
subgriddiv key(pst-plot), 332(pstricks), 227, 228
subgriddots key (pstricks), 227, 228
subgridwidth key (pstricks), 226, 227, 228
successor tree nodes, 367–369\swapaxes (pstricks), 287, 288
swapaxes key (pstricks), 224, 232, 281
swapping axes, 288
syB key (pst-asr), 424
symbols
defining, 250, 251
definition, 249, 250
in data files, 324
keywords for, 251
pre-defined styles, 251
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PSTricks

Ttab key value (pst-node), 349, 355, 356
tab characters, 324\tabcolsep rigid length, 272
tablr key value (pst-node), 349, 355, 356
tabular env., 272\taput (pst-node), 356, 358
tbarsize key (pstricks), 260, 262, 263, 352\tbput (pst-node), 356, 358\TC (pst-tree), 366, 367, 369–371, 373, 374, 376, 378–382\Tc (pst-tree), 367, 378–382\TCircle (pst-tree), 367\Tcircle (pst-tree), 367, 371–373\Tdia (pst-tree), 367\Tdot (pst-tree), 367
tensioncolor key (pst-circ), 435
tensionlabelcolor key (pst-circ), 435
tessellation, see tilingTEX% (percent sign), comment character, 265
getting information from PostScript, 365, 366
TEX file archives, 810, see also CTAN
TEX files, obtaining
web access, 810, 811, 812, 813, 814
texdoc program, 815, 816
texdoctk program, 815–817
textalong a path, 451
rotating, 392
shapes, 448–450
slanting, 392\text (amsmath), 361\textcolor, 216\Tf (pst-tree), 367\Tfan (pst-tree), 368, 369, 370
THETA key (pst-vue3d), 445
third degree parabola with inverse function, 331
thislevelsep key (pst-tree), 370, 374, 376, 379, 380
thistreefit key (pst-tree), 370, 372, 373
thistreenodesize key (pst-tree), 370, 373, 374
thistreesep key (pst-tree), 370, 372, 379, 380\thput (pst-node), 358, 359
three dimensional, see 3-D\ThreeDput (pst-3d), 393, 394, 397, 399, 446
ticks
axes, specifying, 319
axis origin, 316
hiding, 316
length, 321
point of origin, 316
position, 321
size, 322
style, 320, 321
ticks key (pst-plot), 315, 319, 320
ticksize key (pst-plot), 315, 321, 322

tickstyle key (pst-plot), 315, 320, 321, 322
tight key (pst-tree), 373
tightpage option (pst-pdf), 800
tiling, 383, see also fills
tiling option (pst-fill), 383, 386
tilting, 390–392\tlput (pst-node), 356, 358\Tn (pst-tree), 367, 368
tndepth key (pst-tree), 380, 381
tnheight key (pst-tree), 380, 381
tnpos key (pst-tree), 380, 381
tnsep key (pst-tree), 380, 381
tnyref key (pst-tree), 380, 381, 382\TOP (rrgtrees), 425
top key value (pst-plot), 315, 320\Toval (pst-tree), 366, 367, 369–380\Tp (pst-tree), 367
tpos key(pst-node), 349, 356(pst-tree), 378\TR (pst-tree), 367, 368, 369, 374, 377\Tr (pst-tree), 367, 368, 374–377
transforms, see specific transforms\translate (pstricks), 286, 287–290
translate (PostScript), 286
transparency, 257, 258
TransparentMagenta key value (tlgc), 279\transy (pst-calendar), 453
treefit key (pst-tree), 370, 372
treeflip key (pst-tree), 370, 371, 372
treemode key (pst-tree), 367, 370, 371, 372, 374–377, 379, 380,
382
treenodesize key (pst-tree), 367, 370, 373, 374
trees
general syntax, 366
nodes
blank spaces, inserting, 369
bounding boxes, 378
command names, 367
curved connectors, 369, 376
diagonal connectors, 377
distance between, 372–376
fanned, 369
keywords for, 370–378
level separation, 375, 376
macros, assigned to edges, 377
nil, 368
order, changing, 371
predecessors, 367, 369
reference points, setting, 368
reserving space for, 368
sets of branches, combining, 370
successors, 367–369
tree direction, specifying, 371
types, 367

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PSTricks

trees (cont.)
nodes, labelsaligning, 379
alignment, 381, 382
creating, 379
examples of, 380
positioning, 378
separation, 381
skipping levels, 382
treesep key (pst-tree), 369, 370, 372, 373, 380–382\Tri (pst-tree), 367
tri key value (pst-node), 362, 363
Triangle key value (pstricks), 252
triangle key value (pstricks), 251, 252
triangle* key value (pstricks), 252, 298
triangles, 3-D parallel projections, 403
triangular frames, 271, 273
triangular nodes, 339
trimode key(pst-node), 339(pstricks), 270, 271, 273\trinode (pst-node), 339, 363\trput (pst-node), 356, 358
Tshadowangle key (pst-3d), 388, 389
Tshadowcolor key (pst-3d), 388, 389, 390, 391
Tshadowsize key (pst-3d), 388, 389\tspace (pst-tree), 369\Ttri (pst-tree), 367
TUG home page, 810, 811\tvput (pst-node), 358
tx@NodeDict (PostScript), 365
type key (pst-fractal), 456

verbatim env., 277
verbatim boxes, 278, 279
vertical lines as fills, 254
view angle, 3-D objects, 397
viewangle key (pst-3d), 395, 397, 399
viewpoint key (pst-3d), 393, 394, 395, 396, 397, 398, 399
viewpoint, 3-D objects, 395, 396, 397
views (3-D), order of, 397
visibleLineStyle key (pst-3dplot), 410, 415
vlines key (pstricks), 392
vlines key value (pstricks), 253, 254, 255, 256, 279, 281, 285
vlines* key value (pstricks), 253, 254, 255
vref key(pst-node), 348, 349, 360(pst-tree), 381\vspace (pst-tree), 366
VTeX program, 365, 797

Wwatermarks, 326\wd (tex), 229–231
wget program, 814
white key value (pstricks), 216, 235
whitespace, see space\wire (pst-circ), 435\WORD (rrgtrees), 425\WorldMap (pst-geo), 438\write (tex), 304
writing objects into files, on the fly, 457

U
U key value (pstricks), 270, 271
u key value (pstricks), 269
ul key value (pstricks), 269
uml package, 443
UML diagrams, 442–445\umlArgument (uml), 443\umlAttribute (uml), 443\umlClass (pst-uml), 442\umlSchema (uml), 443\umlSubClass (uml), 443
unit key (pstricks), 218, 262, 269\uput (pstricks), 224, 230, 231, 268, 300, 320, 331, 333
ur key value (pstricks), 269\usebox, 229–231\usepackage, 215

Vvaucanson-g package, 439, 440
VCPicture env. (vaucanson-g), 440\verb, 277, 279

X
x key value(pst-plot), 315, 318, 319(pstricks), 252
xAxisLabel key (pstricks-add), 421
xAxisLabelPos key (pstricks-add), 421
xbbd key (pst-tree), 370, 378
xbbh key (pst-tree), 370, 378
xbbl key (pst-tree), 370, 378
xbbr key (pst-tree), 370, 378–380
xcolor package, 215, 216, 235, 258, 304, 406
xEnd key (pstricks-add), 418
xetex program, 798, 803
xgap key (pst-asr), 424
xkeyval package, 217, 310
xLines key value (pst-3dplot), 414
xMax key (pst-3dplot), 401, 410, 411
xMin key (pst-3dplot), 401, 410, 411
Xnodesep key (pst-node), 297, 300, 349, 350, 351
XnodesepA key (pst-node), 349, 350
XnodesepB key (pst-node), 349
xpdf program, 804
xPlotPoints key (pst-3dplot), 407, 408
xPlotpoints key (pst-3dplot), 406, 410, 411, 415

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918 (X–Z)

PSTricks

yMax key (pst-3dplot), 401, 410, 411
yMin key (pst-3dplot), 401, 410, 411
Ynodesep key (pst-node), 297, 300, 349, 350, 351, 361
YnodesepA key (pst-node), 349, 361
YnodesepB key (pst-node), 349
yPlotpoints key (pst-3dplot), 406, 407, 410, 411, 415
yStart key (pstricks-add), 418
yThreeDunit key (pst-3dplot), 410, 411
yunit key (pstricks), 218, 224, 227, 296, 298, 306
ywidth key (pst-fractal), 456
yxLines key value (pst-3dplot), 414

xStart key (pstricks-add), 418
xStep key (pstricks-add), 418
xThreeDunit key (pst-3dplot), 410, 411
xunit key (pstricks), 218, 224, 227, 296, 298, 323
xWidth key (pst-fractal), 456
xyAxes key (pstricks-add), 418
xyDecimals key (pstricks-add), 418
xyLines key value (pst-3dplot), 414Yy key (pst-plot), 319
y key value (pst-plot), 315, 318, 319
yAxisLabel key (pstricks-add), 421
yAxisLabelPos key (pstricks-add), 421
Year key (pst-calendar), 452
yellow key value (pstricks), 216
yEnd key (pstricks-add), 418
yLines key value (pst-3dplot), 414Oo Kr,m
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zlib program, 799
zMax key (pst-3dplot), 401, 410, 411
zMin key (pst-3dplot), 401, 410, 411
zThreeDunit key (pst-3dplot), 410, 411

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XY-picSymbols! syntax, 472, 473, 488, 489, 494" syntax, 494"..." syntax, 470’ syntax, 480, 482, 494(..,..) syntax, 470(0.xx) syntax, 482* syntax, 468–470, 471, 472, 473, 475, 476–478, 481, 488, 503** syntax, 470, 471, 472, 475, 476, 477, 498+ syntax, 468, 471, 473, 475++ syntax, 471, 473, 485+= syntax, 473, syntax, 469- syntax, 473, 480, 487– syntax, 473/.../ syntax, 472/^.../ syntax, 472/_.../ syntax, 472/d.../ syntax, 485/l.../ syntax, 486, 487/r.../ syntax, 470, 486/u.../ syntax, 485: syntax, 470, 487; syntax, 470, 477, 479< syntax, 471, 504, 505<..,..> syntax, 469<<<< syntax, 482= syntax, 470, 473, 479, 494> syntax, 471, 504, 505? syntax, 471, 475, 476?! syntax, 471?< syntax, 471?>>> syntax, 471[F] syntax, 468, 469, 471–473, 474, 478, 479, 485, 486, 488, 500[o] syntax, 471, 473, 475, 479, 485, 488, 499& syntax, 468, 475, 481, 487\ccross, 504\ctwist, 504\cccompositemap, 493\cclowertwocell, 493\cctwocell, 493\ccuppertwocell, 493^ syntax, 478, 480, 494, 502, 506~ syntax, 495, 507, 509~* syntax, 476, 496, 497, 499, 507, 508~** syntax, 476~: syntax, 497, 498, 499, 507, 508~< syntax, 496, 498, 499~<> syntax, 496, 497–499~<< syntax, 496, 497~= syntax, 496, 499, 500, 508~> syntax, 496, 497, 499, 507, 508~>< syntax, 496, 497~>> syntax, 496, 497\\, 468, 473, 481_ syntax, 478, 480, 494, 506‘ syntax, 480, 482, 490, 494| syntax, 480, 504, 505
0 syntax, 470, 478
1 syntax, 478

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920 (Symbols–D)

XY-piccommutative diagrams (cont.)
pullbacks, 484
square, 482, 483
triangular, 483
Comprehensive TEX Archive Network, see CTAN
connections, 470, 471\croplattice, 503
crossings
knots, 504, 505
links, 504, 505\crv, 475, 476
CTAN (Comprehensive TEX Archive Network)archived files, finding and transferring, 813
description, 810
files, from the command line, 814
TEX file catalogue, 811
web access, 810, 811, 812, 813, 814
curly braces ({ }), 477
curve option, 468, 474, 475, 479, 500, 503
curves, 475, 476

2 syntax, 478
2cell option, 493
3 syntax, 478@@ syntax, 472, 478@*[F] syntax, 486, 487@*[r] syntax, 481, 482@{*} syntax, 472, 473@{+} syntax, 472, 475, 476@{–} syntax, 470, 471, 500, 501@{-} syntax, 470, 471, 488, 490, 498, 499@{.} syntax, 470, 471, 498, 499@{<<} syntax, 471@{==} syntax, 476@{=} syntax, 470, 497@{>} syntax, 471@{o} syntax, 472@{x} syntax, 472@‘{...} syntax, 479, 508@H syntax, 486, 487@M syntax, 486@R syntax, 486@W syntax, 486, 487

DA
Adobe Reader program, 817
all option, 468, 478
amsmath package, 483, 484\ar, 468, 472, 478, 479–481, 485, 486, 488, 494, 495, 500–503
arc option, 500
arcs, 501, 502
arrow option, 468, 478, 479, 480, 481, 487, 495, 503
arrowscustom, 478, 479, 480
in commutative diagrams, 481–484

B
braids, 509

C
C syntax, 472
category theory, 509
circles, 500, 501\circuit (private), 489, 490
CMacTeX program, 468
cobordism of Morse theory, 510
color option, 468, 474
commutative diagrams
3 x 2 diagrams, 484
3 x 3 diagrams, 484
annotations, 483
cubical, 481
description, 481

D syntax, 472
diagram package, 482
diagxy package, 482
documentation, see also online resources
command-line interface, 815
panel interface, 816
search by name, 815
search by product, 816
texdoc, 815
texdock, 816
drawingarcs, 501, 502
arrowscustom, 478, 479, 480
in commutative diagrams, 481–484
braces, 477
brackets, 476, 477, 478
braids, 509
category theory, 509
circles, 500, 501
cobordism of Morse theory, 510
connections, 470, 471
constructing pictures, 468
curves, 475, 476
ellipses, 500, 501
extensions, 468
features, 468
frames, 476, 477, 478
globular 3-morphisms, 509
graphic notions, 467
graphsbasic principle, 487
hidden layers, 489

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XY-pic(D–K) 921

drawing (cont.)
input layers, 489
linguistics trees, 491, 492
logical circuit diagrams, 489, 490
neural network diagrams, 488, 489
output layers, 489
tree branching, 488
kernel, 467
knots
crossings, 504, 505
joins, 505–508, 509
lattices, 502, 503
links
crossings, 504, 505
joins, 505–508, 509
matrix-like diagrams
3 x 2, 484
3 x 3, 484
annotations, 483
command syntax, 480
commutative diagrams, 481–484
finite state diagrams, 485, 486, 487
homology, 484
pullback eﬀect, 484
square, 482, 483
stack diagrams, 485, 486, 487
modules, 468
object margins, 473
objectsbounding box, 473
definition, 468
dropping, 471, 472, 473
edge, 473
shifting, 472
sizing, 473
options, 468
pentagonal sphere, 510
polygons
3-D, 498
cubes, 499
general form, 495
hexagons, 496, 497
nesting, 499
perspective drawings, 498
positionsabsolute, 469
definition, 467
initial, 469
specifying, 469, 470
spline curves, 475, 476
string diagram, 510
text, in pictures, 473
two-cell diagrams, 493–495
web structures, 502, 503\drop, 502, 503

E\ellipse, 490, 500, 501, 502
ellipses, 500, 501\endxy, 469, 479\entrymodifiers, 485

F
FAQs (Frequently Asked Questions), 809, see also online
resources
frame option, 468, 474, 476, 477, 479
frames, 476, 477, 478
Frequently Asked Questions (FAQs), see online resources\frm, 472, 476, 477, 478, 507

G
globular 3-morphisms, 509
graph option, 468, 487, 488, 506
graphsbasic principle, 487
hidden layers, 489
input layers, 489
linguistics trees, 491, 492
logical circuit diagrams, 489, 490
neural network diagrams, 488, 489
output layers, 489
tree branching, 488

H\hcap, 506
help, see online resources
hidden graph layers, 489
How To Ask Questions The Smart Way, 810
hyperlinks, slides, 809–818

Iifthen package, 503\ifthenelse (ifthen), 503\iiixii (diagxy), 484\iiixiii (diagxy), 484
import option, 474
input graph layers, 489

J
joins
knots, 505–508, 509
links, 505–508, 509

K
kernel, 467
knot option, 478, 503\knotholesize, 507, 508iich-end.tex,v: 1.24
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922 (K–R)

knots
crossings, 504, 505
joins, 505–508, 509

L
L syntax, 472\labelstyle, 494, 504–508
LATEX files, obtaining
web access, 810, 811, 812, 813, 814\latticeA, 503\latticeB, 503\latticebody, 502, 503
lattices, 502, 503\latticeX, 503\latticeY, 503
Lc syntax, 476
line option, 468, 474
linguistics trees, 491, 492
links
crossings, 504, 505
joins, 505–508, 509
logical circuit diagrams, 489, 490

Mmatrix option, 468, 478, 480, 481, 487
matrix-like diagrams
3 x 2, 484
3 x 3, 484
annotations, 483
command syntax, 480
commutative diagrams, 481–484
finite state diagrams, 485, 486, 487
homology, 484
pullback eﬀect, 484
square, 482, 483
stack diagrams, 485, 486, 487\morphism (diagxy), 482, 483

Nnesting, polygons, 499
neural network diagrams, 488, 489\newdir, 470, 481, 482\newgraphescape, 488, 489, 490
news groups, 810, see also online resourcesO
object margins, 473\objectmargin rigid length, 496
objectsbounding box, 473
definition, 468
dropping, 471, 472, 473
edge, 473
shifting, 472
sizing, 473

XY-pic\objectstyle, 494, 497, 499, 504, 507, 508\omit, 493, 494, 495
online access to CTAN, 810, 811, 812, 813, 814
online resourcesarchived files, finding and transferring, 813
CTAN (Comprehensive TEX Archive Network), 810
web access, 810, 811, 812, 813, 814
documentationcommand-line interface, 815
panel interface, 816
search by name, 815
search by product, 816
texdoc, 815
texdock, 816
FAQs (Frequently Asked Questions), 809
files, getting from the command line, 814
How To Ask Questions The Smart Way, 810
news groups, 810
program files, obtaining
web access, 810, 811, 812, 813, 814
TEX file catalogue, 811
TEX files, 810
TEX user groups, 817, 818
TUG home page, 810, 811
output graph layers, 489

Ppentagonal sphere, 510
pic program, 487\place (diagxy), 483
poly option, 495, 507
polygons
3-D, 498
cubes, 499
general form, 495
hexagons, 496, 497
nesting, 499
perspective drawings, 498\POS, 480, 486, 488, 490
positioning
absolute, 469
definition, 467
initial, 469
specifying, 469, 470
program files, obtaining
web access, 810, 811, 812, 813, 814
ps option, 475\pullback (diagxy), 484

R
R syntax, 472\restore, 486, 487, 488, 490, 507
rotate option, 468, 474, 489\rrtwocell, 494, 495

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XY-pic\rtwocell, 493, 494

S\save, 486, 487, 488, 490, 507
slides (color), overlay specification
hyperlinks, 809–818\SloppyCurves, 476
spline curves, 475, 476\splinetolerance, 476\Square (diagxy), 483\square (diagxy), 482, 483
square brackets ([]), 476, 477, 478
string diagram, 510(R–Y) 923

\vcross, 504\vloop, 508, 509\vover, 504, 506, 508\Vtrianglepair (diagxy), 483\vtwist, 504\vunder, 504

W
web option, 502
web structures, 502, 503
wget program, 814

T

X

TEX file archives, 810, see also CTAN
TEX files, obtaining
web access, 810, 811, 812, 813, 814
texdoc program, 815, 816
texdoctk program, 815–817
text, in pictures, 473
tile option, 474
tips option, 468, 474, 481\Tree (xyling), 491
tree branching, 488
TUG home page, 810, 811\turnradius, 487
two-cell diagrams, 493–495\twoar (diagxy), 483\txt, 473

\xoverv, 508\xtwocell, 493, 494, 495\xunderv, 507, 508, 509\xy, 469
xy env., 469, 495\xybox, 497, 502, 503\xyconnect (xytree), 492\xygraph, 487, 488, 489, 490, 506–508\xylattice, 502
xyling package, 491\xymatrix, 468, 480, 481, 482, 485, 486, 493–495\xynode (xytree), 491, 492\xyoption, 468\xypolygon, 495, 496–499, 507\xypolyname, 499\xypolynode, 497, 499, 507, 508\xypolynum, 497\xytree (xytree), 492
xytree package, 491

U
U syntax, 472\UseAllTwocells, 493, 494\UseCompositeMaps, 493\UseHalfTwocells, 493\UseTwocells, 493, 495

V\vcap, 507

Y\yynode (xytree), 491, 492\yytree (xytree), 492

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i

PeopleAbraham, Paul, 709
Akhmadeeva, Leila, 431
Aplevich, Dwight, 203, 583
Apollonius, 192, 194
Appelt, Wolfgang, 668
Arnold, Doug, 491
Bächle, Dirk, 687
Barnard, Frederick R., 1
Barr, Michael, 482
Bauke, Heiko, 518
Beccari, Claudio, 47
Beitz, Eric, xxxiv, 547, 551
Berners-Lee, Tim, 12
Berry, Karl, 69
Bibby, Duane, 7
Bleser, Joachim, 15
Bolek, Piotr, 148Bos, Victor, 691
Braams, Johannes, 15
Brown, Terry, 16
Buckley, Andy, 512, 516, 560
Burton, Terry, 453
Bustamante Argañaraz, Gustavo S.,
196, 576

Carlisle, David, 7, 47, 557, 719, 737
Charpentier, Jean-Côme, 429
Cho, Jin-Hwan, 798
Cholewo, Tomasz, 203
Chupin, Maxime, III
Clark, Adrian, 8
Clark, James, 17
Coulon, Jean-Pierre, 588
Coxeter, Harold Scott MacDonald,
192
Díaz, José Luis, 64, 196
Dahlgren, Mats, 517
Deutsch, L. Peter, 11
Diamantini, Maurice, 442
Dirr, Ulrich, xxxiv, 673
Duggan, Angus, 7Dunker, Rainer, 647, 659
Dupuis, Étienne, 691
Edwards, Tim, 586
Egler, Andreas, 589
Ekola, Tommy, 188
Els, Danie, 513
Esser, Thomas, 815, 816

Fairbairns, Robin, 809, 810
Finston, Laurence D., 211, 212
Fischer, Ulrike, xxxiv, 668, 669
Frampton, John, 424, 425
Fraser, James, III
Frischauf, Adrian, 13
Fujita, Shinsaku, 520
Gäßlein, Hubert, xxxiv, 43, 457
Gabo, Naum, 57, 58
Garcia, Federico, xxxiv, 666, 668, 680
Gardner, D. J., 424
Gastin, Paul, 15, 438
Geisler, Martin, 194
Gheorghieş, Ovidiu, 181
Giese, Martin, 449
Gieseking, Martin, 13
Gilg, Jürgen, xxiv
Girou, Denis, 214, 431, 446, 447, 452,
457
Gjelstad, Ellef, 443
Gonzato, Guido, 609
Gray, Norman, 555
Gregorio, Enrico, 612
Gurari, Eitan M., 15

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925

PEOPLE

Hàn, Thế Thành, 24, 798
Haas, Roswitha T., 518
Hafner, Jim, 719
Hagen, Hans, 73, 138, 520, 541
Hamilton Kelly, Brian, 702
Happel, Patrick, 513
Heﬀeron, Jim, 810
Heldoorn, Marcel, 513
Hilbert, David, 52, 194
Hirata, Shunsaku, 798
Hobby, John, 21, 71, 75, 80, 157
Hoenig, Alan, 52, 56
Hoﬀmann, Torben, 668, 673
Hwang, Andrew D., 20
Jackowski, Bogusław, 138, 149
Jalbert, François, 589
Jeﬀrey, Alan, 65
Jorssen, Christophe, 428, 429, 434,
435
Jørgensen, Palle, 155
Kane, Kevin C., 518
Kelley, Colin, 17
Kern, Uwe, xxxiv, 719
Kernighan, Brian, 17
Kiﬀe, Thomas, 468
Kinch, Richard, 24
Kneifl, Stanislav, 636
Knuth, Donald, 6–9, 51, 137, 698
Koch, Helge von, 105, 194
Kołodziejska, Hanna, 691
Krysztofiak, Claudia, xxxiv
Lamers, Jürgen, 687
Lamport, Leslie, 7, 8
Lauda, Aaron, xxxiv, 509
Laurie, Dirk, 590, 616, 647, 651, 659
Leathrum, Thomas E., 122
Leech O’Neale, Susan, xxxiv
Leilich, Jens, 572
Lesenko, Sergey, 24
Lester, Paul Martin, 1
Levine, Michael, 555
Lindenmayer, Aristid, 154
Lombardy, Sylvain, 439
Luecking, Daniel H., 73, 122
Luque, Manuel, 433, 434, 437, 445,
452

Maclaine-cross, Ian, 15, 47
Matarazzo, Giuseppe, 436, 437
Mattes, Eberhard, 24
May, Ludwig, 572
May, Wolfgang, 445
Milne, James, 481
Mitchell, Ross, 589
Mittelbach, Frank, 7, 688
Moon, Alun, 148
Moore, Ross, xxxiv, 16, 467, 488
Morawski, Jens-Uwe, 59, 60, 64, 170
Morimoto, Hiroaki, 637
Muelas, Santiago, 142, 209

Sarlat, Jean-Michel, IV, 195
Schöpf, Rainer, 810
Scherer, Andreas, 167
Schmid, Hanspeter, 442
Schmittbuhl, Arnaud, 432
Schnell, Andreas, 14
Schofer, Angelika, 589
Sendoukas, Hippocrates, 24
Sierpiński, Wacław, 52, 194
Simons, Don, 590, 616, 618
Smith, Brian, 13
Sowa, Friedhelm, 7
Steinbach, Andrea, 589

Navarria, Janice, xxxiv
Neugebauer, Gerd, 702, 704
Newton, Isaac, 714
Nienhuys, Han-Wen, xxxiv, 661
Niepraschk, Rolf, 43, 457
Nieuwenhuizen, Jan, 661
Nobre Gonçalves, Luís, 209

Tannert, Sebastian, 576
Taupin, Daniel, v, vi, 589, 591, 592
Tidefelt, Henrik, 177
Tille, Andreas, 576
Tobin, Geoﬀrey, 122
Tutelaers, Piet, 668

Ohl, Thorsten, 120, 555, 561, 566
Oswald, Urs, 194
Otten, A. F., 520, 541
Phan, Anthony, II, 66, 150, 209
Pianowski, Piotr, 138
Pipping, Nils Johan, 193
Podar, Sunil, 15
Poulain, Christophe, 148, 192
Rahtz, Sebastian, 7, 42
Ramek, Michael, 518
Raymond, Eric, 810
Reichert, Axel, 513
Richer, Jacques, 688
Richter, Jörg, 696
Ristow, Alan, 450
Rodriguez, Dominique, 423, 426
Roegel, Denis, 80, 207, 208
Rokicki, Tom, 11, 24, 65
Rose, Kristoﬀer H., 16, 467
Rowley, Chris, 7
Rubinstein, Zalman, 668
Ruedas, Thomas, 816
Ryćko, Marek, 138

Un, Koaungli, 491
van der Laan, Kees, 57, 58, 147, 699,
701
Van Zandt, Timothy, 214, 448, 451,
455, 458
Verhulst, Ferdinand, 195
Vermaseren, Jos, 555, 558
Veytsman, Boris, 431
Vieth, Ulrik, 67, 137, 167
Vila-Forcen, Jose-Emilio, 430
Voß, Herbert, 214, 434, 435, 437, 453
Vogel, Ralf, xxxiv, 491
Vulis, Michael, 11, 797
Walshaw, Chris, 600, 654
Wanske, Helene, 587
Weinhold, Stephan, 688
White, Jan, 742
Wichura, Michael, 13
Wicks, Mark A., 24, 798
Williams, Graham, 811
Williams, Thomas, 17
Wilson, Peter, 178, 181, 710
Wyart, Damien, xxxiv
Wythoﬀ, Willem Abraham, 192
Yang, Yang, 167
Young, Thomas, 714

Sabo, Rudolf, 13
Sakarovitch, Jacques, 439

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2007/06/15
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