Phishing Activity Trends
Report for the Month of June, 2007
Summarization of June Report Findings► In the June 2007 report the APWG introduces a brand-domain pairs measurement (page 4) which combines thestats for all of Q2 based on brands phished, unique domains, unique URLs and the new unique domain/brand pairs
metric which counts the unique instances of a domain being used to target a specific brand. ► The number of unique
phishing websites detected by APWG was June was 31,709 in June 2007, a drop of nearly 6,000 from May. ► June
saw a decrease in the number of hijacked brands to 146, a slight drop from May. The APWG also noted during thisreporting period increasing numbers of online brokerages being phished, a cohort that includes both equities trading
websites and full-service mutual fund companies. ► The number of unique phishing reports submitted to APWG inJune was 28,888, an increase of over 5,000 reports from May. ► Financial Services continue to be the most targetedindustry sector at 95.2% of all attacks in the month of June. The APWG notes that more government agencies, suchas US and UK tax authorities, are being phished along with more social networking websites.

Phishing Defined and Report Scope
Phishing is a form of online identity theft that employs both social engineering and technical subterfuge to steal
consumers' personal identity data and financial account credentials. Social-engineering schemes use 'spoofed' emails to lead consumers to counterfeit websites designed to trick recipients into divulging financial data such asaccount usernames and passwords. Hijacking brand names of banks, e-retailers and credit card companies, phishers
often convince recipients to respond. Technical subterfuge schemes plant crimeware onto PCs to steal credentials
directly, often using key logging systems to intercept consumers online account user names and passwords, and tocorrupt local and remote navigational infrastructures to misdirect consumers to counterfeit websites and to authentic
websites through phisher-controlled proxies that can be used to monitor and intercept consumers’ keystrokes.
The monthly Phishing Activity Trends Report analyzes phishing attacks reported to the Anti-Phishing Working Group(APWG) via its member companies, Global Research Partners, the organization’s website at
http://www.antiphishing.org and email submission to reportphishing@antiphishing.org. The APWG phishing attack
repository is the Internet’s most comprehensive archive of email fraud and phishing activity. The APWG additionallymeasures the evolution, proliferation and propagation of crimeware drawing from the independent research of ourmember companies. In the second half of this report are tabulations of crimeware statistics and reportage on specificcriminal software detected by our member researchers.

Statistical Highlights for June 2007••••••••••

Number of unique phishing reports received in June:
Number of unique phishing sites received in June:
Number of brands hijacked by phishing campaigns in June:
Number of brands comprising the top 80% of phishing campaigns in June:
Country hosting the most phishing websites in June:
Contain some form of target name in URL:
No hostname; just IP address:
Percentage of sites not using port 80:
Average time online for site:
Longest time online for site:

Anti-Phishing Working Group
http://www.antiphishing.org ● info@antiphishing.org

28888
31709
146
14United States
16.1 %
6%1%
3.8 days
30 daysMethodology
APWG is continuing to refine and develop our tracking and reporting methodology. We have recently re-instated thetracking and reporting of unique phishing reports (email campaigns) in addition to unique phishing sites. An email
campaign is a unique email sent out to multiple users, directing them to a specific phishing web site, (multiplecampaigns may point to the same web site). APWG counts unique phishing report emails as those in a given monthwith the same subject line in the email.
APWG also tracks the number of unique phishing websites. This is now determined by unique base URLs of thephishing sites.
APWG is also tracking crimeware instances (unique software applications as determined by MD5 hash of thecrimeware sample) as well as unique sties that are distributing crimeware (typically via browser drive-by exploits).

Phishing Email Reports and Phishing Site Trends for June 2007
The total number of unique phishing reports submitted to APWG in June 2007 was 28,888, an increase of over 5,000
reports from the previous month. This is a count of unique phishing email reports received by the APWG from thepublic, its members and its research partners.

The Phishing Attack Trends Report is published monthly by the Anti-Phishing Working Group, an industry and law
enforcement association focused on eliminating the identity theft and fraud that result from the growing problem of phishing,crimeware and email spoofing. For further information, please contact APWG Deputy Secretary General Foy Shiver at404.434.7282. Data and analyses for the Phishing Attack Trends Report has been donated by the following companies:

Anti-Phishing Working Group
http://www.antiphishing.org ● info@antiphishing.org

The number of unique phishing websites detected by APWG was 31,709 in June 2007, a decrease of nearly 6,000
from the month of May

Top Used Ports Hosting Phishing Data Collection Servers in June 2007June saw a continuationof HTTP port 80 being
the most popular port
used at 98.80% of allphishing sites reported.

Anti-Phishing Working Group
http://www.antiphishing.org ● info@antiphishing.org

2nd Quarter 2007 Brand-Domain Pairs Measurement
The following chart combines statistics for all of Q2 based on brands phished, unique domains, unique domain/brandpairs and unique URLs. Brand/domain pairs count the unique instances of a domain being used to target a specificbrand. Example: if several URLs targeting a brand - but are hosted on the same domain - this brand/domain pairwould be counted as one instead of several. Forensic utility: If the number of unique URLs is greater than
the number of brand/domain pairs, it indicates many URLs are being hosted on the same domain to target the samebrand. Knowing how many URLs occur with each domain indicates the approximate number of attacking domains abrandholding victim needs to locate and neutralize. Since Phishing-prevention technologies (like browser and emailblocking) require the full URL, it is useful to understand the general number of unique URLs that occur per domain.
"In June, we saw a 15% decrease in the number of unique URLs hosting phishing sites. Because it is important toreport on the full aspect of the phishing phenomenon, we are now including three additional metrics in our reports: thenumber of brands phished, the number of domains used in the unique phishing URLs, and the number of branddomain pairs," said Laura Mather, Ph.D., senior scientist at MarkMonitor and APWG Managing Director of Operational
Policy. "Comparing June's data with May's shows that there were both fewer brands phished in June and fewer URLs
used for phishing. Since April we have seen a continued decrease in the average number of URLs used to target
each brand. The number of URLs per brand is still high compared to this time last year, though, indicating thattechnologies like browser blocking and blocking phishing emails at the inbox continue to be successful."Unique URLs
Unique Domains
Unique Brand-Domain Pairs
Unique Brands
URLs per BrandApril55643
66377622174
319.79

May
37438
5967
7092
149
251.26Anti-Phishing Working Group
http://www.antiphishing.org ● info@antiphishing.org

June
21709
6006
7359
146
217.18Brands & Legitimate Entities Hijacked By Email Phishing Attacks in June 2007
Number ofReported Brands
June 2007 saw a drop in
hijacked brands to 146.
The APWG notes that there
is a continuing trend forbanks and credit unions to betargets and that they areseeing more brokerages
being phished.

Most Targeted Industry Sectors in June 2007
Financial Services continue to be
the most targeted industry sectorat 95.2% of all attacks in themonth of June. APWG notes that
more US and UK tax authorities
are being phished along withmore social networking websites.

Anti-Phishing Working Group
http://www.antiphishing.org ● info@antiphishing.org

Web Phishing Attack Trends in June 2007
Countries Hosting Phishing Sites
In June, Websense® Security Labs™ saw the United States remain on the top of the list for countries hosting
phishing websites with 31.95%. The rest of the top 10 breakdown is as follows: Republic of Korea 10%, Poland
6.88%, Russia 6.55%, Bangladesh 4.03%, India 2.84%, Japan 2.58%, Germany 2.56%, France 2.057%, Romania
1.75%.

PROJECT: Crimeware
Crimeware Taxonomy & Samples According to Classification in June 2007
PROJECT: Crimeware categorizes crimeware attacks as follows, though the taxonomy will grow as variations inattack code are spawned:

Phishing-based Trojans - Keyloggers
Definition: Crimeware code which is designed with the intent of collecting information on the end-user in order tosteal those users' credentials. Unlike most generic keyloggers, phishing-based keyloggers have tracking components
which attempt to monitor specific actions (and specific organizations, most importantly financial institutions and online
retailers and ecommerce merchants) in order to target specific information, the most common are; access to financial
based websites, ecommerce sites, and web-based mail sites.

Anti-Phishing Working Group
http://www.antiphishing.org ● info@antiphishing.org

Phishing-based Trojans – Keyloggers, Unique Variants in June

Phishing-based Trojans – Keyloggers, Unique Websites Hosting Keyloggers in June

Anti-Phishing Working Group
http://www.antiphishing.org ● info@antiphishing.org

Phishing-based Trojans – RedirectorsDefinition: Crimeware code which is designed with the intent of redirecting end-users network traffic to a location
where it was not intended to go to. This includes crimeware that changes hosts files and other DNS specificinformation, crimeware browser-helper objects that redirect users to fraudulent sites, and crimeware that may install a
network level driver or filter to redirect users to fraudulent locations. All of these must be installed with the intention ofcompromising information which could lead to identify theft or other credentials being taken with criminal intent.
Along with phishing-based keyloggers we are seeing high increases in traffic redirectors. In particular the highest
volume is in malicious code which simply modifies your DNS server settings or your hosts file to redirect either somespecific DNS lookups or all DNS lookups to a fraudulent DNS server. The fraudulent server replies with “good”
answers for most domains, however when they want to direct you to a fraudulent one, they simply modify their nameserver responses. This is particularly effective because the attackers can redirect any of the users requests at anytime and the end-users have very little indication that this is happening as they could be typing in the address on theirown and not following an email or Instant Messaging lure.

Phishing-based Trojans & Downloader’s Hosting Countries (by IP address) in June
The chart below represents a breakdown of the websites which were classified during June as hosting malicious codein the form of either a phishing-based keylogger or a Trojan downloader which downloads a keylogger.
The United States continues to be the top hosting country with 48.02%.
The rest of the breakdown was as follows; China 12.73%, Russia 12.19%, Italy 9.52%, Brazil 4.6%, France 3.42%,
Republic of Korea 3.1%, Malaysia 2.67%, Germany 2.03%, Canada 1.71%.

Anti-Phishing Working Group
http://www.antiphishing.org ● info@antiphishing.org

Phishing Research Contributors

dMarkMonitor

PandaLabs

Websense Security Labs

MarkMonitor is the global leader
in delivering comprehensive
online corporate identity
protection services, with a focus
on making the Internet safe foronline transactions.

PandaLabs is an international
network of research andtechnical support centersdevoted to protecting users
against malware.

Websense Security Labs mission
is to discover, investigate, andreport on advanced internet
threats to protect employee
computing environments.

For media inquiries please contact Peter Cassidy, APWG Secretary General at 617.669.1123 or
pcassidy@antiphishing.org; Cas Purdy at 858.320.9493 or cpurdy@websense.com; and Te Smith at 831.818.1267 orTe.Smith@markmonitor.com.

About the Anti-Phishing Working GroupThe Anti-Phishing Working Group (APWG) is an industry association focused on eliminating the identity theft and fraudthat result from the growing problem of phishing and email spoofing. The organization provides a forum to discussphishing issues, define the scope of the phishing problem in terms of hard and soft costs and consequences, andshare information and best practices for eliminating the problem. Where appropriate, the APWG will also look to share
this information with law enforcement.
Membership is open to qualified financial institutions, online retailers, ISPs, the law enforcement community, andsolutions providers. There are more than 1700 companies and government agencies participating in the APWG andmore than 2900 members. Note that because phishing attacks and email fraud are sensitive subjects for manyorganizations that do business online, the APWG has a policy of maintaining the confidentiality of member
organizations.
The website of the Anti-Phishing Working Group is http://www.antiphishing.org. It serves as a public and industry
resource for information about the problem of phishing and email fraud, including identification and promotion ofpragmatic technical solutions that can provide immediate protection and benefits against phishing attacks.
The APWG, a 501c6 tax-exempted corporation, was founded by Tumbleweed Communications and a number ofmember banks, financial services institutions, and e-commerce providers. It held its first meeting in November 2003 in
San Francisco and in June 2004 was incorporated as an independent corporation controlled by its steering committee,
its board of directors and its executives.

Anti-Phishing Working Group
http://www.antiphishing.org ● info@antiphishing.org