New International Framework for Disaster Risk Reduction

Yuichi Ono
Assistant Director and Professor
International Research Institute of Disaster Science
Tohoku University

1Promote International Movement on Disaster RiskReduction- Too late to respond to disasters- Paradigm shift to reduce disaster risks

2Bitter lessons learnt from the 1970 East
Pakistan Cyclone
producedCyclone Preparedness Programmein Bangladesh - 1971

Cyclone Preparedness Program
Early Warning System, flags and loud speakers,
International Cooperation, Shelter, Evacuation,
Public Awareness and Education, Volunteers,
Community-based strategy, traditional knowledge,
protecting animals, etc.

The Pakistan/Bangladesh Tragedy
triggered a new global
movement to manage disasters
fromDisaster management
toDisaster reduction

1990-99 International Decade of Natural Disaster Reduction(IDNDR) --- with a secretariat for a 10-year term
1992 Department of Humanitarian Affairs (DHA) establishedand the UNDRO was united
1997 Office for the Coordination of Humanitarian Affairs(OCHA) established and the DHA was united

1994 Japan hosted a first World Conference on Disaster
Reduction in Yokohama --- Yokohama Strategy and Plan ofAction --- culminating the IDNDR movement
Late 1990s IDNDR malfunctioned (then, WB, IFRC, UNDP –struggled for supremacy)

2000- International Strategy for Disaster Reduction (ISDR)

2000- International Strategy for Disaster Reduction(ISDR)
2005 Japan hosted a second World Conference on
Disaster Reduction in Kobe, Hyogo Framework forAction2015 Japan hosted a third World Conference on
Disaster Risk Reduction in Sendai, Sendai
Framework for Disaster Risk Reduction (refinedframework and targets)Value of the SFDRR
A negotiated document though the UN process- committed by 187 countries

Sendai Framework for Disaster Risk Reduction 2015-2030
Adopted by 187 countries at the World Conference on
Disaster Risk Reduction, 18 March 2015

I.

Preamble

II. Expected outcome and goal
Seven targets

III. Guiding principles
IV. Priorities for action
Priority 1: Understanding disaster risk
Priority 2: Strengthening disaster risk governance to manage disaster risk
Priority 3: Investing in disaster risk reduction for resilience
Priority 4: Enhancing disaster preparedness for effective response,
and to “Build Back Better” in recovery, rehabilitation and reconstruction

V. Role of stakeholders
VI. International cooperation and global partnership

9Targets
17. To attain the expected outcome, the following goal must be pursued:
Prevent new and reduce existing disaster risk through the implementation of
integrated and inclusive economic, structural, legal, social, health, cultural,educational, environmental, technological, political and institutional
measures that prevent and reduce hazard exposure and vulnerability todisaster, increase preparedness for response and recovery, and thus
strengthen resilience.
The pursuance of this goal requires the enhancement of the implementation
capacity and capability of developing countries, in particular the least
developed countries, small island developing States, landlocked developing
countries and African countries, as well as middle-income countries facing
specific challenges, including the mobilization of support throughinternational cooperation for the provision of means of implementation inaccordance with their national priorities.

10Adopted targets in the Sendai Framework for Action
18. To support the assessment of global progress in achieving the outcome and goal of this framework, sevenglobal targets have been agreed. These targets will be measured at the global level and will be complemented
by work to develop appropriate indicators.
National targets and indicators will contribute to the achievement of the outcome and goal of this framework.
The seven global targets are:(a) Substantially reduce global disaster mortality by 2030, aiming to lower average per 100,000 global
mortality between 2020-2030 compared to 2005-2015.

(b) Substantially reduce the number of affected people globally by 2030, aiming to lower the average global
figure per 100,000 between 2020-2030 compared to 2005-2015.
(c) Reduce direct disaster economic loss in relation to global gross domestic product (GDP) by 2030.
(d) Substantially reduce disaster damage to critical infrastructure and disruption of basic services, among them
health and educational facilities, including through developing their resilience by 2030.
(e) Substantially increase the number of countries with national and local disaster risk reduction strategies by
2020.
(f) Substantially enhance international cooperation to developing countries through adequate and sustainablesupport to complement their national actions for implementation of this framework by 2030.
(g) Substantially increase the availability of and access to multi-hazard early warning systems and disasterrisk information and assessments to the people by 2030.
11

Where is science in the SFDRR?
Who wants to commit in the implementing the SFDRR inthe area of science and technology?
APRU!

IRIDeS!

12

DEAL!

13

Linkage with Science and Priorities for action
Guiding principles 19(g) Disaster risk reduction requires a multi-hazard approach and inclusive riskinformed decision-making based on the open exchange and dissemination ofdisaggregated data, including by sex, age and disability, as well as on easily
accessible, up-to-date, comprehensible, science-based, non-sensitive risk
information, complemented by traditional knowledge;
Priority 1: Understanding disaster risk
National and Local level(h) To promote and improve dialogue and cooperation among scientific andtechnological communities, other relevant stakeholders and policymakers inorder to facilitate a science-policy interface for effective decision-making indisaster risk management;
Global and regional levels(a) To enhance the development and dissemination of science-based
methodologies and tools to record and share disaster losses and relevant
disaggregated data and statistics, as well as to strengthen disaster risk
modelling, assessment, mapping, monitoring and multihazard early warningsystems;
14Linkage with Science and Priorities for action(g) To enhance the scientific and technical work on disaster risk reduction andits mobilization through the coordination of existing networks and scientificresearch institutions at all levels and in all regions, with the support of the United
Nations Office for Disaster Risk Reduction Scientific and Technical Advisory
Group, in order to strengthen the evidence-base in support of theimplementation of the present Framework; promote scientific research on
disaster risk patterns, causes and effects; disseminate risk information with thebest use of geospatial information technology; provide guidance onmethodologies and standards for risk assessments, disaster risk modelling andthe use of data; identify research and technology gaps and set
recommendations for research priority areas in disaster risk reduction; promoteand support the availability and application of science and technology todecision-making; contribute to the update of the publication entitled “2009
UNISDR Terminology on Disaster Risk Reduction”; use post-disaster reviews asopportunities to enhance learning and public policy; and disseminate studies;15

Linkage with Science and Priorities for action
V. Role of stakeholders
36 (b) Academia, scientific and research entities and networks to focus on thedisaster risk factors and scenarios, including emerging disaster risks, in themedium and long term; increase research for regional, national and local
application; support action by local communities and authorities; and support theinterface between policy and science for decision-making;

VI. International cooperation and global partnership
Means of implementation
47. To achieve this, it is necessary(b) To enhance access of States, in particular developing countries, to finance,
environmentally sound technology, science and inclusive innovation, as well as
knowledge and information sharing through existing mechanisms, namelybilateral, regional and multilateral collaborative arrangements, including theUnited Nations and other relevant bodies;16

Linkage with Science and Priorities for action
Support from international organizations
48. To support the implementation of the present Framework, the following isnecessary:(c) The United Nations Office for Disaster Risk Reduction, in particular, to support the implementation,
follow-up and review of the present Framework by: preparing periodic reviews on progress, in particular
for the Global Platform for Disaster Risk Reduction, and, as appropriate, in a timely manner, along withthe follow-up process at the United Nations, supporting the development of coherent global andregional follow-up and indicators, and in coordination, as appropriate, with other relevant mechanisms
for sustainable development and climate change, and updating the existing web-based Hyogo
Framework for Action Monitor accordingly; participating actively in the work of the Inter-Agency andExpert Group on Sustainable Development Goal Indicators; generating evidence-based and practicalguidance for implementation in close collaboration with States and through the mobilization of experts;
reinforcing a culture of prevention among relevant stakeholders through supporting development ofstandards by experts and technical organizations, advocacy initiatives and dissemination of disasterrisk information, policies and practices, as well as by providing education and training on disaster risk
reduction through affiliated organizations; supporting countries, including through national platforms ortheir equivalent, in their development of national plans and monitoring trends and patterns in disaster
risk, loss and impacts; convening the Global Platform for Disaster Risk Reduction and supporting theorganization of regional platforms for disaster risk reduction in cooperation with regional organizations;leading the revision of the United Nations Plan of Action on Disaster Risk Reduction for Resilience;
facilitating the enhancement of, and continuing to service, the United Nations Office for Disaster Risk
Reduction Scientific and Technical Advisory Group in mobilizing science and technical work on disasterrisk reduction; leading, in close coordination with States, the update of the publication entitled “2009
UNISDR Terminology on Disaster Risk Reduction”, in line with the terminology agreed upon by States;
and maintaining the stakeholders’ commitment registry;
17Tohoku University’s commitments

1. Global Centre for Disaster Statistics
2. World Bosai Forum18

1. Global Centre for Disaster Statistics
Launch of the Global Centre for Disaster Statistics
during the WCDRR in Sendai (15 March 2015)19

Global Centre for Disaster Statistics)☆Aiming at practical research, global contribution

To be operational from April 2015 in partnership withUNDP

UNISDR

UNDP

Tohoku Univ. IRIDeS
Global Centre forDisaster Statistics
 National data assembly Archive mechanism
 Analysis (adding values) Generating DRR policy with partners

Countries
Build nationaldisaster statistics
systemDRR Policy making materials

Providing user-friendly data to the public as much aspossible

Partners

Disaster damage
and loss data

Assist generating
disaster statistics
system at thecountry level
using a tool suchas DesInventor

Technical assistancebased on Japaneseexperiences

Contribution to the post2015 DRR Framework
in monitoring targets
and indicators
Standardization on
disaster statistics/data
Global Assessment
ReportESCAP Asia and Pacificregional driver

JICA
ADRC
ICHARM
IRPetc.

Future Actions after the UN WCDRR(2)•World Bosai Forum (tentative)- Continue discussions generated during the 3rd United Nations World Conference on Disaster Risk Reduction.
- Theme: The broad setting of disaster risk reduction and recovery- Periodic meetings (once every two years) in Tohoku and Sendai to contribute to the efforts for disaster risk reduction in Japan and overseas
while continuing the support for the recovery of Tohoku.
- Planning creative events such as plenary meetings, symposiums and exhibition and think together with the government, international agencies
including the United Nations, companies, academia, NGOs and citizens- Collaboration with ISDR and Global Risk Forum (Davos)
Association of Pacific RimUniversities (APRU) MultiHazards Program2121