2018/3/13

National Taiwan University

1

— 1—

Prof. Harold Yih-Chi Tan
Director of Center for Weather Climate and Disaster Research
Professor of National Taiwan University

2

— 2—1

2018/3/13

3

— 3—

Cooperation of University and Local Government

4— 4—• The local government is concerning more fordamages brought by disasters in Taiwan.
• The capacity and manpower of local government
is not enough to implement full disasterprevention in the community level without thehelp from outside resources.
• Universities in Taiwan have the capability ofdelivering non-structural methods and help local
government develop community resilience.

2

2018/3/13

Goals of Resilience community【Identify Disaster Potential】•Types of disaster?
•Locations? Extents? Impact?

【Reduce Disaster Occurrence】•Problems and strategies?

【Enhance Response Capacity】•Skill training•Evacuation timing and routes•Equipment【Organize Response Team】•Members recruitment•Tasks assignment【Raise Public Awareness】•Education•Knowledge instruction

Step 1 Preliminary Study of the community

5— 5—

6— 6—

Identify and visit the key man
who could help promote theresilience community

Identify where disasters
could happen and wherepeople could hide whendisasters do happen,3

2018/3/13

Step 2 Initiation and Activation
1.

7

— 7—

Raise public awareness through disaster cases in Taiwan orworldwide, such asTyphoon Morakot triggered landslide in Siaolin Village, Taiwan.
311 earthquake in Japan

72.

Successful cases ofresilience community
in Taiwan

Step 2 Initiation and Activation

8

— 8—

Introduction of local environment and disaster potential

Location of the community
DF214
Debris flow
Potential flooding area4

2018/3/13

Step 3 Site Survey and Strategy Development

9— 9—In order to let the local residents know more about their risks
from disasters, we plan the survey routes and lead them tostudy the environment with the company of experts andprofessionals.
Debrisflow

Site Survey

ShelterFlooding area

Shelter
9

Step 3 Site Survey and Strategy Development
Strategy Development

10— 10 —2 Mapping photos

1 Sorting photos
4 Experience sharing

3 Strategy discussion

5

2018/3/13

Step 4 Education and Training

Wound dressing demonstration11— 11 —

Operating fire extinguisher

Self operation

Lecture of debris flow

Step 4 Education and Training

12— 12 —Organize Response Team Commander
Deputy Commander

許添坤

Executive Secretary

陳孟佳

秦錦雲
PatrolChief：
鄭進友
Crew：
簡素丹
黃正俊
李明星
許 蜜

evacuation

Chief：李健章
Crew：
李金和李潘葉黃賴花黃金花李南敦賴 甘楊李清香Preparedness

Caringlogistics

Chief：
黃良達Crew：黃鎗成嚴春生黃棟卿
徐文讓
沈江瑞

Chief：林秀貞
Crew：
蔡賴麗雲高蔡純美
朱吳美
丁文琇
謝秀蘭
林朝春
李 蝦

Chief：
鄭 足
Crew：
黃美玉鍾亮風嚴 粉高詹世嬌高陳玉琴

6

2018/3/13

Step 4 Education and Training

13— 13 —Disaster Prevention Map

Evacuation
Direction

13

Step 5 Drill of Disaster Prevention

14— 14 —PatrolCaring

EvacuationRefuge7

2018/3/13

Step 6 Achievement Presentation

15— 15 —16— 16 —~ 2006

8

2018/3/13

17— 17 —

Frequency of the extreme rainfall induced by typhoons(the top 20 of the rainfall index between 1970 and 2009)
2000XANGSANE 2001NARI 2001TORAJI 2002NAKRI 2004MINDULLE
2005HAITANG 2007KROSA 2008SINLAKU 2008JANGMI
2008KALMAEGI 2009MORAKOTyear

1990YANCY
1996HERB 1998ZEB

1987LYNN
1989SARAH

1973NORA
1974BESS
1978ORANCDR(2010)

Overview
The frequency of the extreme rainfall
induced by typhoons
Before 2000: once per 3~4 years
After 2000: once per yearFrequency

Typhoon Xangsane (2000)

18— 18 —Railway

9

2018/3/13

19— 19 —The map of levee, pumping systems around Taipei city

Pumping Station

20— 20 —10

2018/3/13

21— 21 —

2001 NARI Typhoon –Taipei Metro Subway

Work flow of Weather Monitoring
Aware offormation of
typhoons

Dailysummary

18 hours before theforecasted typhoon’s
Grade 7 wind affect area
may hit the coast ofTaiwan

The high
possibility oftyphoon hitting
Taipei

TyphoonWarning ofland fall

EOClaunch

TyphoonWarning
on the sea

Level 2Two times a dayof information
providingTwo times a dayof information
providing

Level 1

Dismiss of typhoon warning

Flooding season
weather watch

Daily weather water

Birth ofTyphoon

24 hours before theforecasted typhoon’s
Grade 7 wind affect area
may hit the distance of 100
km measured from thecoast of Taiwan

22— 22 —

Videoconferencing

112018/3/13

Video Conference23— 23 —

We provide video conference during Typhoon season

Integrated heavy rainfall or Typhoon info

雷達回波

24

— 24 —

雨量
地面天氣圖

紅外線衛星雲圖

500hPa高度場、渦度場及風場

可見光衛星雲圖

700hPa高度、垂直速度、濕度

板橋探空圖
地面風速、流場
水汽頻道衛星雲圖

850hPa高度、溫度、濕度及風場

122018/3/13

25— 25 —

Climate change scenario
IDown scaling
Modified design hyetograph
Flood routingI
LeveeA
Social and economical
Drainage systemsA
situation A,Eland subsidence
A,E
Inundation simulationI
Sea wallASea

V=F(I,A,E)

Storm surge analysisI

Ensemble Cluster Rainfall Forecasting（Typhoon Nalgae 2011）26— 26 —

72hr-cluster- cumulative rainfall forecasting
Observed(mm)(10/01~10/03)

Initial time 9/30 08:00 LT

9/30 20:00 LT

72hr-lead time-typhoon path prediction13

2018/3/13

Ensemble rainfall -Typhoon Saola27— 27 —

4 times/day, 22 members (16 finished)
Average of 16 members
Day 1 8/2 20:00-8/3 20:00

Start for simulation: 08/2 14:00
Day 1 8/3 08:00-8/3 20:00
Day 1 8/2 20:00-8/3 08:00

Day 2 8/3 20:00-8/4 20:00

Day 3 8/2 20:00-8/3 20:00

TTFRI-Typhoon Saola28— 28 —• 16 of 22 members of TTFRI finished• Lead time 72 hrs (Total simulation time =78 hrs., but needs about 6 hrs.
to run simulation)• Rainfall used for flood simulation 8/1 20:00-8/2 20:00, duration=24hr,
Average of Top 5 of 16 members
6050m m /hr

403020100
1 3 5 7 9 11 13 15 17 19 21 23 25 27 29 31 33 35 37 39 41 43 45 47 49 51 53 55 57 59 61 63 65 67 69 71 73 75 77
Tim e(hr)

8/1 20:00- 8/2 20:00
Average of Top 5: 350mm/24hr

14

2018/3/13

29— 29 —

Dynamic potential flood map
during 24 hours with 600mm rainfall

Yuanshantze Flood Diversion

30— 30 —

Site Description
East Sea

15

2018/3/13

Yuanshantze Flood Diversion

31— 31 —

1. For the criterion of 200-yr return
period flood protection, 1,620
cms is the design flood discharge,
diverting discharge is 1,310 cms,
and 310 cms is released to thedownstream of the river.
2. Main structures:(1) Flood outlet
Flood outlet
Sluice way
6m(W)×3m(H) 8m(W)×2.5m(H)(2) Sluice way(3) Fish way

(1)

(2)
(3)

(3)

Yuanshantze Flood Diversion

32— 32 —

184m (L)，EL. 62.5m
Side
weir
Still and sediment
80m(L)×3m(H) ，EL. 63m
detention BasinOrgee(靜水池)
weir16

2018/3/13

Diversion tunnel(L= 2.48 km, D=∮12m，S=1%)

33— 33 —8m(L) ×4m(W)12mConclusion

34— 34 —• By cooperation between the local government
and universities to promote the resilience
community,• The local government could strengthen its
connection to districts and community;CentralGovernment• The university could put its non-structural

Local
government

methods into practice;• The community could learn to deal withcatastrophic disasters by helping
themselves before the government canfurther assist them.

District
Community
Community is the basic
and the most importantlevel for disastermanagement

172018/3/13

35— 35 —Thanks foryour attention
yctan@ntu.edu.tw18