The Roles of Archiving and Memorialisingin Disaster Risk Reduction
Sébastien Penmellen BoretInternational Research Institute of DisasterSciences
Tohoku University人

Archiving

Remembering

LIVINGMEMORY人

DRR人

Teaching人

ARCHIVING DISASTERS

1. Michinoku Shinrokuden
Digital Archives Project“Michinoku” = Former Region“Shin” = Earthquake
The Great East Japan Earthquake“Roku” = Record“Den” = traditions, lessons

Our Missions
Earthquake

Records

Digital records :various forms ofresources

Tohoku University
IRIDeS

Lessons &Traditions
Recovery support
Tokai-Tonankai-Nankai
Earthquake countermeasures

Disaster Events &Activities

MoviesTextsPhotos

Oralrecords

Collaboration

Victims, Local Gov‘t, NPO

Cooperation

Industry, government,
academiaOver 120 institutions

5

10 Basic Concepts of “Michinoku Shinrokuden”
1Collect a wide range of information such as oral accounts, written records, personal histories, andlocal knowledge, and so without limiting the possibilities for their future uses.

2

Build an interactive system which will grow and evolve to fit the needs of its users.

3

Prepare a database allowing to gather data about earlier and future disasters within the region ofTohoku as well as information about the Great East Japan Disaster4

Cooperate with other institutions with earthquake disaster archives used for social services.

5

Disseminate the information needed for disaster prevention and emergency
responses .

6

Publish quasi-real-time updates on the progress of rehabilitation and reconstruction programs
being carried out in post-disaster areas, including chronological and geographical accounts (fromthe coast to inland parts of the Tohoku region).

7

Raise global standards with disaster archives

8

Collaborate with disaster prevention and response systems of universities, research institutions,
governmental agencies, and private companies in order to support their disaster relief
preparations and countermeasures.

9

Provide educational information about disaster prevention and mitigation via
innovative environments such as e-Learning.

10

Create employment within the area of Tohoku.
6

Dispatching surveyors
Aim■ A feature of the Great East Japan Earthquake:
A wide range of affected area
→ Solution: carrying out comprehensive andcontinuous fieldwork.
Characteristics■Collecting information among 15 coastal
areas and local governments, Miyagi Prefecture■ job creation in affected area

7

Contents collection
3.11

One Year

Two YearPhotograph bysurveyors
Season1

30,000photographs

Season2

25,000photographs

Season3

40,000photographs

Season4

Cooperation with libraries of affected areas
Cooperation library
Iwate Pref. Library
Miyagi Pref. Library
Fukushima Pref. LibrarySendai City Library
Iwate University Library
Tohoku University Library
Fukushima University Library
Kobe University Libraryand others.

Investigative report, disaster recovery plans,reconstruction reports, free papers,
short-publications, leaflets
Activity logs, Letterzine( newsletters?), Public relations magazines,
experience note, private correspondence and other writtencommunications.
http://www.library.tohoku.ac.jp/shinsaikiroku/

9Data Archived by “Michinoku Shin-Roku-Den”
Information TypeDocument
Data

Movie &Image Data

Audio Data

OthersProvided Format(s)Data Size (number)

Library Data

DB Dump Format

Approx. 85GB（few files）

Research & Survey Reports

PDF，RawApprox. 45GB（few hundred files）

Official Documents

PDF

Calculating （few thousand files）

Free Papers, Community Documents, Flyers

Raw

Calculating （few thousand files）

School Papers、Bulletins、PR Brochures

Raw

Calculating （few hundred files）

３D Movies

Movie file format

Approx. 100GB （few files）

Arial Photographs （Vertical and Diagonal）

Image file format(s) &Web Service

Approx. 5TB（few hundred files）

Local Photographs（Before and After）

Image file format(s)Approx. 3TB（few hundredthousand files）

360°Images

Image file format(s)Approx. 60TB（few hundred files）

Satellite Images

Image file format(s)Approx. 120GB（few hundredfiles）

Disaster-Related Event Footages

Movie file format(s)Approx.1TB（dozen files）

Tsunami Simulation CGs

Movie file format(s)Calculating （few files）

Disaster Narratives

Audio file format(s)Calculating（few thousand files）

Statistical Information

Excel format(s)Calculating （few hundred files）

Laser Measurement Data (Arial & Ground）

Original structural format

Approx. 5TB（few hundred files）

３D City Modeling

Calculating

Tsunami simulation

Street View by Tohoku University

Record period
First time Jun. 2011, Second time Nov. 2011
Third time Jun. 2012, Fourth time Nov. 2012

Street View by Tohoku University

3 month after

7 month after

15 month after

DIVIDENDSFROMDISASTER RECORDSSinrokuden Searchβ1.0

120,000 items

15
http://search.shinrokuden.irides.tohoku.ac.jp/shinrokuden/Disseminating information and Social Media

http://www.facebook.com/imawo.tsutaetaiCollaboration

Harvard UniversityJDArchive

Technicalcollaboration

Newspaper company

Provision ofRecord

National Diet Library17

Collaborations

Reischauer Japan Institute, Harvard University（6/12）

Reischauer Institute （Left: building，right: entrance）

Prof. THEODORE C. BESTOR and Prof. Imamura signing the agreement between the two instutes

Lecture by first year students
using Harvard University JDArchive多賀城市 × 東北大学

Miyagi Prefecture Association of the Great East
Japan Disaster Archives【参加プロジェクト / 運営団体】
・3がつ11にちをわすれないためにセンター (仙台市生涯学習課, せんだいメディアテーク)
・20世紀アーカイブ仙台 (NPO法人20世紀アーカイブ仙台)
・envisi (有限会社ダ・ハ プランニング・ワーク)
・仮設商店街アーカイブ (日建設計ボランティア部)・三陸アーカイブ減災センター（株式会社エムビーディー）
・震災文庫（宮城県図書館）
・東北アーカイブ (NPO法人東北アーカイブ)
・多賀城市震災経験・記録伝承事業 (宮城県多賀城市)
・日本社会情報学会災害情報支援チーム (大妻女子大学社会情報学部, 東北大学大学院文学研究科)
・東日本大震災を語り継ぐプロジェクト (東松島市図書館)
・東松島市いちおしマップ ほか(東松島市社会福祉協議会)
・みちのく震録伝（東北大学災害科学国際研究所）
・閖上の記憶（地球のステージ）

MEMORIALIZINGDISASTERS人

Monuments

人

Ceremonies

Remembering
Disasters

人

Disaster
Heritage

Storytelling人

MONUMENTS&CEREMONIESContribution of Memorials to
Disaster Risk Reduction• Mourning the victims: Grief care

• Commemorative ceremonies: Social solidarity• Remembering the disaster: Disaster prevention

Hiroshima (1945/1954)

9/11 (2001/2011)

Katrina (2005/2008)

Sichuan (2008/2013)

MEMORIALSFORTHE GREAT EAST JAPAN DISASTER

Survey of Japan 2011 Tsunami Memorials

Japan Google maps: https://mapsengine.google.com/map/edit?hl=en&authuser=0&mid=zOcO0WvuvmUQ.kfYO9X6CSnOs

Junior High School of Yuriage (2013)

Jizo Project, Buddhist Memorial Statue,
750 Victims of Yuriage (2014)

The Memorial Monument
for the Victims of Natori City (2014)

DISASTER HERITAGE

The Thousand-Year Hills of Hope,
Iwanuma City (2014)

Iwanuma

Disaster Management Building,Minamisanriku Town (2014)

STORYTELLING

Storytelling in Japan• Hiroshima, Nagasaki and Kobe have tradition ofdisaster story telling known as ‘kataribe’• From healing process to disaster prevention• From spontaneous to structured narratives• People walk with maps, create apps, and accompany
visitors in memorial museums• From amateur (free) to professionalization (fee)Kataribe

Kataritsugi
SymposiumThis is the third time inTohoku after the 2011
Tohoku Earthquake, Mrs.
Takeshita is performing
public readings in order tohand down the memories
and resilient, living hopesof the disasters.

“Kataritsugi”=Lessons tradition

March, 201353

DISASTER RISK REDUCTION

• StoryTelling• Sharing
Lessons• Memorial
Monuments• Disaster
Heritage
Sites• DigitalArchives• Research

Rebuilding

Education

DRR

Trauma• Memorial
Ceremonies• Mental Care

THANK YOU!
boret@irides.tohoku.ac.jp
REMEMBERINGDISASERTS.COM