共生応用化学コース・第15研究室（有害廃棄物管理棟）
指導教官：町田 基（教授），天野佳正（助教）

15 lab., Applied Chemistry and Biotechnology(Facility of wastewater treatment)
Staff:
Motoi Machida (Prof.), Yoshimasa Amano (Asst. Prof.)

研究分野：
環境化学，環境工学（汚染物質の除去および水質浄化 ）研究のキーワード：
栄養塩（窒素・リン），重金属，有害汚染物質（有機物），活性炭，活性炭素繊維，物理化学賦活，イオン交換
表面構造制御（表面積，細孔容積，表面官能基）
富栄養化，湖沼，アオコ，ミクロキスティス，群体形成，浮揚性制御，藻類の優占化，藻類の種変遷機構，実験室培養，導水法，アレロパシー効果

Research field (Water environment)

N P
Development
ofremoval
method of algal blooms using
cyanobacterial buoyancy

How remove algal
blooms appearedDevelopment of highperformance adsorbent
for removal of pollutants

How prevent dischargeof pollutants

RecycleN P

Establishment of algal
blooms control method
using allelopathic effect

Exploitation of novel method ofdilution for removal of algal blooms

How control algal blooms appearance
accompanying eutrophication Preparation of high performance-activated carbons

High surface area
～1000 m2/g or more

Moisture (humidity)

Treatments to remove
various pollutants
Ionic ions

2-Naphthol

Methylene blue
Low molecule pollutants

Heavy metals
Huge molecule pollutants Control of pore size of activated carbon
2-Naphthol (MW: 144)

methylene blue (MW: 320)
Tannic acid (MW: 1700)

Expandingpore size

Micropore-AC (< 2 nm)
Mesopore-AC (> 2 nm)(commercial AC)
By expanding pore size (pore volume) via ZnCl2 treatment, hugemolecule pollutant such as tannic acid could be adsorbed.

 Introduction of acidic functional groups

Oxidized AC

HNO3 oxidation
NH2
H3 N

CH3NN

H3 NN

N

NH2N

H2NNNHNO

CH3SO3OSO3COOOSOHCOO

M2+By introducing surface functional groups (-COOH, -SO3H),
the adsorption amount of cationic ions could be enhanced.

 Quaternization of activated carbon fiber

NN-enriched (N: 20.9 wt%)
polyacrylonitrile ACF

Heatactivation

PYROMEX

H3PO4

H2PO4-

HPO4-

HPO4+N(≡ N – Q)
OH------＋＋＋＋＋＋＋－－－ππ
π－－π－－ππ

8ST’M20control

OH-PO43-

OHOH-

By quaternization of ACF, phosphateadsorption was enhanced compared tocontrol.

 Development of novel dilution method using river waterfor control of algal blooms (Microcystis)
Environmental factors
Numerical analysis Amount of dilution
 Nutrient conc.
Experimental verification
Characteristics of dominance between
Microcystis and competitor (diatom)
Inflow water volume (%)

Development of prediction
model for Microcystis

Determination of dilution conditions
for control of Microcystis in lakes

Bothe species suppressed
50
4030Diatoms
dominance

20

Algal blooms
dominance

1000

12

3

45

Nitrogen conc. (mg-N/L)

Nutrientconc.

Prediction of dominance between
Microcystis and competitor (diatom) Control of Microcystis using allelopathic substances(allelochemicals) produced by Cyalotella• Cultivation• Growth
Metabolite(allelochemicals)
Microcystis cell density(×106 cells/mL)

Diatom（Cyclotella）

Filtrate of Cyclotella(Allelochemicals)

86Cyclotella produced
allelochemicals thatcontrols Microcystis

4200% 50% 100%

Microcystis Content of filtrate (%) ofCyclotella medium A novel approach for Microcystis removal by enhancing
colony formation and buoyancy
Upper
layer
Extracellularpolysaccharides (EPS)

Lower
layer
Cyanobacterial blooms
EPS

Microcystis

Isolated EPS

ControlEPSadded・EPS amount：high・Colony formation：strong・Buoyancy：strong
・EPS amount：low
・Colony formation：weak・Buoyancy：weak+ + ++ Ca2+ ++ ++––––––– ––––––– – –––––––––––––––––+ + ++ Ca2+ ++ ++

–
–
–
– –
–––
– – – –––
– – – – –––––– –––––––– ––––EPS

Floatedcells

Cyanobacterial blooms(Microcystis)

Cross-linked reaction of Ca2+

- Colony size expansion- Promotion of buoyancy