ຟঐজ॔থॼୢఐপ৾‫ق‬৐਋‫ؙك‬ஶୁ
2024年 2月8日実施
㹙Ϩ㹛
[1] (1) (c)(2) (b)(3) (a)(4) (d)(5) (b)[2] the Japanese wolf[3] (a) 9 㢌ࡢࢽ࣑࣍ࣥ࢜࢜࢝࡜㸪ᰘ≟ࢆྵࡴ 11 㢌ࡢ᪥ᮏ≟ࡢ᏶඲࡞ࢤࣀ࣒
(b) (a)ࡢࢤࣀ࣒ࢆ㸪㸦࢟ࢶࢿ㸪ࢥ࣮ࣚࢸ㸪ࢹ࢕ࣥࢦ㸪࣑࢜࢜࢝㸪ࡑࡋ࡚⌧௦ࡢୡ⏺୰ࡢ≟࡞࡝㸧࢖ࢾ⛉ࡢࡉࡲࡊࡲ࡞ື≀࡟ࡘ࠸࡚ධᡭྍ⬟࡞ࢤࣀ࣒࡜ẚ㍑ࡋࡓࠋ
(c) ࢽ࣑࣍ࣥ࢜࢜࢝ࡣ㸪௚ࡢ≟ࡸ࣑࢜࢜࢝࡜ࡣ༊ูࡉࢀࡿ⊂❧ࡋࡓࢢ࣮ࣝࣉ࡛࠶ࡿࡇ࡜
ࡀ᫂ࡽ࠿࡟࡞ࡗࡓࠋ
[4] ࢖ࢾࡀᐙ␆ࡉࢀࡓሙᡤࡣᮾ༡࢔ࢪ࢔࠿ࢩ࣋ࣜ࢔໭ᮾ㒊ࡢ࠸ࡎࢀ࡛࠶ࡿ࠿ࡢㄽதࡀ࠶ࡿ
࡜ࡇࢁ㸪ࢸࣛ࢖ࡢ◊✲ࡣࡑࡢ࠸ࡎࢀ࠿࡛࠶ࡿࡇ࡜ࢆ♧ࡋ࡚࠾ࡾ㸪すḢࡸ୰ᮾ࡜࠸ࡗࡓᆅ
ᇦ࡛ࡣ࡞࠸ࡇ࡜ࢆ⿬௜ࡅ࡚࠸ࡿࠋ㸦92 Ꮠ㸧
[5] dogs㸺ㅮホ㸼ࢽ࣑࣍ࣥ࢜࢜࢝ࡢ㉳※࡟ࡘ࠸࡚ㄽࡌࡓⱥᩥࠋ౛ᖺ㏻ࡾ㸪ᮏᩥ୰࡛ྲྀࡾୖࡆࡽࢀࡓ◊✲ࡢᡭ⥆ࡁࡸ⤖ᯝ࡟ࡘ࠸࡚ㄽ㏙ࡍࡿၥ࠸ࡀฟ㢟ࡉࢀࡓࠋ[4]ࡣ 100 Ꮠ࡜ࡸࡸ㔜ࡵࡢㄽ㏙࡛࠶ࡿࡀ㸪ཧ↷ࡍ࡭ࡁ⟠ᡤࡣ᫂ⓑ࡛࠶ࡾ☜ᐇ࡟ᅇ཰ࡋ࡚࠾ࡁࡓ࠸ၥ㢟ࠋ㸺ゎㄝ㸼
[1] (a) reach Japanࠕ᪥ᮏ࡟ࡓ࡝ࡾ╔ࡃࠖ࡜࠸࠺⾲⌧࠿ࡽ routeࠕ⤒㊰ࠖࢆ㑅ࡪࠋ(b)ࠕ㸦⤯⁛ࡋࡓ࡜㸧⪃࠼ࡽࢀ࡚࠸ࡓࠖ࡜࠸࠺ཷࡅ㌟ࡢព࡟ࡋ࡞࠸࡜㏻ࡽ࡞࠸ࠋ
(c) ᮏẁⴠ➨ 1 ᩥࡢグ㏙ࢆぢࢀࡤ⮬᫂ࠋ(d) share A with BࠕA ࢆ B ࡜ඹ᭷ࡍࡿࠖࢆၥ࠺࡚࠸ࡿࠋ(e) ✵ᡤᚋࢁ࡟ࡣྡモྃࡋ࠿Ꮡᅾࡋ࡞࠸ࡓࡵ㸪๓⨨モࡢ despite ࡋ࠿ᩥἲⓗ࡟୙ྍࠋ[2] ᣦ♧ㄒ it ࡣࡶࡕࢁࢇ๓ฟࡢ༢ᩘྡモࢆᣦࡍࡀ㸪ࡑࢀ࡟ຍ࠼㸪ࡇࡢᩥ❶ࡑࡢࡶࡢࡀࢽ࣑࣍ࣥ࢜࢜࢝ࡢ㉳※࡟ࡘ࠸࡚⣣ゎ࠸ࡓࡶࡢ࡛࠶ࡿࡇ࡜ࡀㄞࡵ࡚࠸ࢀࡤᐜ᫆ࠋ
[3] (a) ➨ 5 ẁⴠ➨ 1ࠥ2 ᩥ࡟グ㍕࠶ࡾࠋ(b) ➨ 5 ẁⴠ➨ 3 ᩥ๓༙࡟グ㍕࠶ࡾࠋ
(c) ➨ 5 ẁⴠ➨ 3 ᩥᚋ༙ࠥ➨ 4 ᩥ࡟グ㍕࠶ࡾࠋ
[4] ➨ 7 ẁⴠࡢ㸪ୗ⥺㒊௨㝆᭱ᚋࡲ࡛ࡢグ㏙ࢆࡶ࡜࡟ࡲ࡜ࡵࢀࡤࡼ࠸ࠋ
[5] ➨ 1 ẁⴠ᭱⤊ᩥࡢ a vanished population of gray wolves in East Asia that also gave
rise to modern dogs ࡀࣄࣥࢺ࡜࡞ࡿࠋ㹙ϩ㹛
[1] (c)[2] (c)[3] (d)[4] (d)Ѝ(b)Ѝ(e)Ѝ(a)Ѝ(f)Ѝ(c)[5] [C][6] (d)[7] (c)[8] (b)㸪(e)㸺ㅮホ㸼ࢫࣆ࣮ࣝ࢜ࣂ࣮㸦⮬↛ᐟ୺࠿ࡽ⮬↛ᐟ୺࡛࡞࠸⏕≀࡬࢘࢖ࣝࢫࡀ┤᥋࠺ࡘࡿࡇ࡜㸧࡟ࡘ࠸࡚ㄽࡌࡓⱥᩥࠋ་Ꮫⓗෆᐜ࡛࠶ࡿࡀ㸪㧗ᗘ࡟ᑓ㛛ⓗ࡞ㄒᙡࡀ౑ࢃࢀ࡚࠸ࡿࢃࡅ࡛ࡣ࡞࠸ࡓࡵẚ㍑ⓗྲྀࡾ⤌ࡳࡸࡍ࠸ࡔࢁ࠺ࠋᙧᘧࡣ࠸ࡎࢀࡶ㑅ᢥᘧࠋ㸺ゎㄝ㸼
[1] ᮏᩥ඲యࡢ㊃᪨㸪࠶ࡿ࠸ࡣ≉࡟➨ 6 ẁⴠ➨ 1 ᩥࡢ “Finding enough food can helpprevent spillovers” ࢆㄞࡳྲྀࡿࡇ࡜࡛ṇ⟅࡟⮳ࢀࡿࠋ[2] (2a)ࡣ immune systemࠕච␿⣔ࠖ࡟ࡘ࠸࡚ゐࢀ࡚࠸ࡿࡓࡵ㸪⑓ཎయࢆᑒࡌ㎸ࡵࡿ࡜࠸࠺
ព࿡࡛࠶ࡿࡇ࡜ࡀ᥎ ࡛ࡁ㸪(a)࡜(c)ࡀೃ⿵࡟࡞ࡿ㸦keep ࠥ in check ࡛ࠕࠥࢆᢚไࡍࡿࠖ
㸧
ࠋ㏫᥋ࡢ But ࢆ㊬࠸ࡔ(2b)ࡣࡑࢀ࡜ࡣ㏫ࡢព࿡ྜ࠸࡟࡞ࡿࡣࡎ࡞ࡢ࡛㸪triggerࠕࠥࡢᘬࡁ㔠࡟࡞ࡿࠖࡀ㐺ࡍࡿࠋ[3] ᚋࢁ࡟ such as climate and habitat ࡜࠸࠺౛♧ࡀ࠶ࡿࡇ࡜࠿ࡽุ᩿ࡍࡿࠋ
[4] (a)㸸ࠕ㣗࡭≀ࢆồࡵ࡚᳃ࢆཤࡿࠖ࡜࠶ࡿࡢ࡛㸪ࡇࢀࡢ๓࡟㣗࡭≀ࡀ୙㊊ࡍࡿ࡜࠸࠺ෆᐜࡀᚲせ Ѝ (e)ࡢᚋࢁ࡜ุ᩿࡛ࡁࡿࠋ
(b)㸸This climate eventࠕࡇࡢẼೃୖࡢฟ᮶஦ࠖࡢᣦࡋ♧ࡍࡶࡢࡀ๓࡟ᚲせ Ѝ El Niñoࠕ࢚ࣝࢽ࣮ࢽࣙ⌧㇟ࠖ࡟ࡘ࠸࡚㏙࡭ࡓ(d)ࡢᚋࢁ࡜ุ᩿࡛ࡁࡿࠋ
(c)㸸these farms ࡢᣦࡋ♧ࡍࡶࡢࡀ๓࡟ᚲせ Ѝ ၏୍ farms ࡟ࡘ࠸࡚ゝཬࡋࡓ(f)ࡢᚋࢁ࡜ุ᩿࡛ࡁࡿࠋࡇࡢ᫬Ⅼ࡛㸪(e)Ѝ(a)㸪(d)Ѝ(b)㸪(f)Ѝ(c)ࡣ☜ᐃࠋ(b)ࡢ hotter and drier ࡞Ẽೃࡣ㸪(e)ࡢ
ࡼ࠺࡞⤖ᯝ࡟ࡘ࡞ࡀࡿࡇ࡜ࡀ᥎ ࡛ࡁࡿࡓࡵ㸪(d)Ѝ(b)Ѝ(e)Ѝ(a)ࠋࡉࡽ࡟㸪(f)ࡢࠕ᭱⤊ⓗ࡟㏆ࡃࡢ㎰ሙ࡟⮳ࡿࡶࡢࡶ࠸ࡿ࠿ࡶࡋࢀ࡞࠸ࠖࡣ㸪(a)ࡢ⛣ືࡢ⤖ᯝ࡜ᤊ࠼ࡿࡇ࡜ࡀ࡛ࡁࡿࡓࡵ㸪ࡇࡇ࡛ゎ⟅ࡀᐃࡲࡿࠋwind up ࡣࠕ(ព࡟཯ࡋ࡚)⤖ᒁࠥࡍࡿࡇ࡜࡟࡞ࡿ, ᭱ᚋ࡟ࡣࠥ࡟⮳ࡿࠖ࡜࠸࠺ព࿡ࡢ⾲⌧ࠋ
[5] ᮏᩥ୰ࡢ this shift ࡜࠸࠺⾲⌧ࢆぢ࡚㸪ࡑࡢ┤๓࡟࠶ࡿ[D]ࢆ㑅ࡧࡓࡃ࡞ࡿࡀ㸪[C]࡜[D]࡟ᣳࡲࢀࡓᩥࡢ “they now spent more time near farms in search of food” ࡣ㸪“hungrybats shifted their behavior” ࡢලయⓗෆᐜ࡛࠶ࡿࡇ࡜ࡀ᥎

࡛ࡁࡿࠋࡲࡓ㸪“Withouttheir main food source” ࡣ㸪[C]ࡢ๓ࡢᩥࡢ “This reduced the number of trees thatflower in winter” ࢆཷࡅ࡚ࡢグ㏙࡜⪃࠼ࡿࡢࡀ⮬↛࡞ࡢ࡛㸪ࡇࡢⅬ࠿ࡽࡶ[C]࡟⿵࠺ࡢ
ࡀጇᙜ࡜ゝ࠼ࡿࠋ
[6]ࠕ࣮࢜ࢫࢺࣛࣜ࢔ࡣ㸪͐͐ேࠎࡀ⮬↛ᆅᇦࢆ◚ቯࡋ࡚࠸ࡿሙᡤࡢ୍ࡘ࡟㐣ࡂ࡞࠸ࠖ࡜࠸࠺Ꮠ⩏㏻ࡾࡢព࿡ࡀᤊ࠼ࡽࢀࢀࡤᐜ᫆࡟ゎࡅࡿࠋ
[7] [1]ࡢゎㄝ࡜ࡶ㛵㐃ࡍࡿࡀ㸪ࡇ࠺ࡋࡓື≀ࡀ⑓ཎయࢆᣑᩓࡋ࡚ࡋࡲ࠺ࡢࡣ㸪ᙼࡽࡢ㣗≀ࡀ୙㊊ࡋࡓሙྜ࡛࠶ࡿࠋ
[8] (a) ➨ 2 ẁⴠ᭱⤊ᩥ࡟▩┪ࠋ(b) [1]ࡢゎㄝ㏻ࡾ㸪ᮏᩥ඲యࡢㄽ᪨࡟ྜ⮴ࡍࡿࠋ(c) ➨ 5 ẁⴠ➨ 4 ᩥ࡟ Eucalyptus ࡟ࡘ࠸࡚ࡣゝཬࡀ࠶ࡿࡀ㸪such as ࠥ ࡜༢࡞ࡿ౛♧࡜ࡋ࡚ᣲࡆࡽࢀ࡚࠸ࡿࡔࡅ࡛࠶ࡗ࡚㸪“primarily feed on” ࡜ࡲ࡛ゝ࠸ษࢀࡿ࢚ࣅࢹࣥࢫ
࡟Ḟࡅࡿࠋ

2

(d) ➨ 3 ẁⴠ➨ 3ࠥ4 ᩥࡼࡾ㸪75%࡜࠸࠺ᩘᏐࡣ㤿࡟ឤᰁࡋࡓሙྜࡢ⮴Ṛ⋡࡛࠶ࡗ࡚㸪ே࡟ឤᰁࡋࡓሙྜࡢ್࡛ࡣ࡞࠸ࠋ(e) ➨ 5 ẁⴠࡢㄽ᪨࡟ྜ⮴ࡍࡿࠋ㹙Ϫ㹛
[1] (1) (a)(2) (a)(3) (c)(4) (c)[2] (d)㸺ㅮホ㸼୚࠼ࡽࢀࡓࢩࢳ࢚࣮ࣗࢩࣙࣥ࡟ᑐᛂࡍࡿⱥᩥ࡜ࡋ࡚ṇࡋ࠸ࡶࡢࢆ㑅ࡪၥ㢟ࠋၥ㢟ᩥ࡟ “interms of grammar, logic and context” ࡜࠶ࡿ㏻ࡾ㸪ᩥἲ࣭ᩥ⬦ࡢ୧㠃࠿ࡽ㐺ษ࡞ࡶࡢࢆ⤠ࡾ㎸ࡴᚲせࡀ࠶ࡿࡇ࡜࡟ὀពࡍࡿࠋ㸺ゎㄝ㸼
[1] (1) (a) ṇᩥࠋqueue ࡣ line ࡢࣃࣛࣇ࣮ࣞࢬ࡛ࠕิࠖࡢពࠋ(b) stand for ࡣࠕࠥࢆ㇟ᚩࡍࡿࠖࡢព࡞ࡢ࡛୙㐺ࠋ(c) “You are not sure if ... or not” ࡜࠸࠺ၥ㢟ᩥࡢ᮲௳࡟ᩚྜࡋ࡞࠸ࠋ
(d) come for shopping ࡜࠸࠺⾲⌧ࡣ࡞࠸ࠋcome shopping ࡞ࡽࡤྍࠋ(2) (a) ṇᩥࠋ(b) make up for ࠥ ࡣࠕࠥࡢᇙࡵྜࢃࡏࢆࡍࡿࠖࡢព࡛࠶ࡿࡀ㸪ᣦ♧ㄒ it ࡣ┤๓ࡢ༢ᩘྡモ㸪ࡍ࡞ࢃࡕ my ID card ࡜࡞ࡿࡓࡵ୙㐺ࠋ(c)ࠕఱ࠿ᡭ⥆ࡁࡣᚲせ࡛ࡍ࠿㸽ࠖ࡜࠸࠺ព࿡࡟࡞ࡿࡀ㸪ᣢཧᚲ㡲ࡢ ID ࣮࢝ࢻࢆᛀࢀࡓ࡜࠸࠺᫬Ⅼ࡛ఱࡽ࠿ࡢᡭ⥆ࡁࡀᚲせ࡞ࡢࡣ⮬࡛᫂࠶ࡾ㸪᭱ࡶ㐺ษ࡞⟅࡜ࡣゝ࠸ࡀࡓ࠸ࠋ(d) advice ࡣࠕᛅ࿌㸪ຓゝࠖࡢព࡛࠶ࡾ㸪᭱ࡶ㐺ษ࡞⟅࡜ࡣゝ࠸ ࡀࡓ࠸ࠋ(3) (a) help you for the dishes clean ࡀወጁ࡞⾲⌧ࠋhelp you with the dishes ࡛࠶ࢀࡤ㏻ࡿࠋ(b) be about toVࠕ௒࡟ࡶࠥࡋࡼ࠺࡜ࡍࡿࠖࡢㄗ⏝ࠋcleaningЍclean ࡛࠶ࢀࡤྍࠋ(c) ṇᩥࠋ(d) then ࡣ᥋⥆モ࡛ࡣ࡞ࡃ๪モ࡛࠶ࡿࡓࡵ㸪⠇࡝࠺ࡋࢆ⤖ࡪࡇ࡜ࡣ࡛ࡁ࡞࠸ࠋ
(4) (a)ࠕࠥࡲ࡛࡟ࠖࢆ⾲ࡍᮇ㝈ࡢ by ࡜ࠕࠥࡲ࡛ࠖࢆ⾲ࡍ⥅⥆ࡢ until ࢆ౑࠸㐪࠼࡚࠸ࡿࠋ(b) ࡲࡗࡓࡃຮᙉࢆࡋ࡚࠸࡞࠸࡜࠸࠺≧ἣタᐃ࡟ᩚྜࡋ࡞࠸ࠋ(c) ṇᩥࠋ
(d) nothing ࡣ௦ྡモ࡛࠶ࡾ㸪homework ࢆಟ㣭ࡍࡿࡇ࡜ࡣ࡛ࡁ࡞࠸ࠋ
[2] ࣓࣮ࣝࡢᮏᩥ࠿ࡽ㸪ྎ㢼ࡢࡓࡵ࢟ࣕࣥࣉࡢ᪥௜ࡀᨵࡵࡽࢀࡓࡇ࡜ࡀㄞࡳྲྀࢀࡿࠋ࠙⥲ホࠚグ㏙ᘧ㛗ᩥ㸩㑅ᢥᘧ㛗ᩥ㸩ṇᩥ㑅ᢥ࡜࠸࠺౛ᖺ㏻ࡾࡢ኱ၥᵓᡂࠋ90 ศ࡜࠸࠺ヨ㦂᫬㛫࡟ẚࡋ࡚ศ㔞ࡣ᥍࠼ࡵ࡛࠶ࡾ㸪ࡌࡗࡃࡾ⭜ࢆᤣ࠼࡚ྲྀࡾ⤌ࡴࡇ࡜ࡀ࡛ࡁࡓ࡛࠶ࢁ࠺ࠋ୍ḟ㏻㐣ࣛ࢖ࣥࡣ㸪70%⛬ᗘ࠿ࠋ
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