List of Dissertation Abstract （Environment and Natural Sciences Earth and Ecology Course）
NameSupervisor

Title
Altitudinal canges in maximum

Yuto ISAWA

Akiko
SAKAI

height and height at maturity,with effects of competitive
species - a study on subalpine
conifers on Minami-Alps
Fossil cold-seep authigenic
carbonates and the depositional

Tomohiro

Ryuichi

ICHIKAWA

MAJIMAenvironment －A case study ofthe Lower Pleistocene Koshiba
Formation exposed at SegamiShmin-No-Mori, Yokohama City－Abstract
Decrease in tree size with altitude rise is predicted from life history theory due to adaptive change oflife history schedule. However, most of the reports is for pure forests, unknown in the case of mixedforests. Therefore, the above theory was examined in the case of Minami-Alps National Park whereconiferous mixed forests spread. As a result, in the presence of competing species, there werepossibility that: 1) the adaptive change such as schedule of resource allocation to reproduction wereweakened; 2) in order to overcome the competition to sun light, growth was prioritized.
I studied lithofacies and authigenic carbonates of the core from the ancient cold-seep site of theKoshiba Formation (the Lower Pleistocene) exposed on the Segami-Shimin-No-Mori, Yokohama City.
I found a conglomerate bed in the core depth 5.00～5.20ｍ that is composed of authigenic carbonate
gravels and chemosymbiotic bivalve fragments within the matrix concreated by authigenic carbonate
minerals, based on the lithofacies and XRD analysis. This occurrence suggests that the seep site hadsuffered an explosive gas charge and the seepage had continued thereafter.
Recently, many satoyama ecosystems have a problem of abandonment due to population decline moreFactors maintaining biodiversity
Yuki

Takehirounder the nature-oriented parkIWACHIDO

SASAKIuse of satoyama ecosystems inurbanized landscapes

than disappearance due to rapid urbanization. In this research, we focused on nature-oriented park useof satoyama ecosystems for securing biodiversity conservation as one means to respond toabandonment, and examined the differences in diversity and species composition in agricultural use
and its factor. Although we showed the possibility of conserving biodiversity by implementing
moderate management of park use, it is necessary to pay attention to the fact that possibility differs
depending on the taxa.
It is required to make fine-grained polycrystalline rock if we reproduce the phenomena in deep

Yuki

Masahiro

KAGAWAISHIKAWA

Sintering of xenolith from
Kurose alkali basalt, SouthwestJapan

underground in a laboratory experiment so that we elucidate the mechanism of earthquakes and plate
tectonics. In this study, sintering experiments were carried out to create fine-grained polycrystalline ofxenolith from deep underground. After milling, crystalline of xenolith decreased. But after hotpressing was carried out at high temperature and high pressure, the crystalline increased and we could
obtain fine-grained polycrystalline xenolith.

Comparison of shell morphology
YoshitakaRyoji

KAWAKAMI

WANI

between Late Cretaceousammonoid Gaudryceras
tenuiliratum with different
habitats
Authigenic carbonate precipitatedin and around the burrows — AHidetomo

Ryuichi

SHIMIZU

MAJIMAcase study of the ancient seep siteof the Middle Pleistocene
Kakinokidai Formation (Kazusagroup) at Kawayatsu, Kimitsu
City, JapanThe ontogenetic trajectories of septal spacings in Gaudryceras tenuiliratum that occurred from theYezo Group in Hokkaido were analyzed and compared between different environments. The results
suggested that the ontogenetic trajectories of septal spacings in G. tenuiliratum were not affected by
the difference of habitat environments. On the other hand, the ontogenetic trajectories of septal
spacings changed through the geological times. These changes were possibly affected by the change ofshell shapes in G. tenuiliratum.
Methane derived authigenic carbonate concretions occur from the Middle Pleistocene Kakinokidai
Formation, a forearc basin fill sequence, exposed at Kawayatsu area, Kimitsu City, Japan. The
authigenic carbonates precipitate around and within the burrows that are identified withThallasinoides. Aragonite precipitated in the burrow as a geopetal-like structure, high-magensian
calcite and dolomite in the matrixes around the burrow. The occurrences of microcoprolites Palaxius
and isolated callianassid propodus evidently suggest that the burrows were produced by callianassid
decapods. I reconstruct a carbonate precipitation processes on the basis of both the influences of theanaerobic oxidation of methane and callianassid activities.
In this research, we focused on "indirect cultural ecosystem services" via media. We gathered

Indication of indirect culturalKousuke

Takehiro

ecosystem services using

TACHIBANA

SASAKI

Japanese nature programs : bigdata mining approach

information of NHK 's nature programs and examined the relationship between the geographicaldistribution of the program and the environmental / social factors. In addition, we analyzed theprogram content sentences using the text mining method. As a result, we found that the program wasrelatively located in the mountainous area. Our results implied that the value of nature added byhumans formalizes their perceptions of nature. It is important to think about indirect culturalecosystem services that will increase in the future as the lifestyle changes more modernization.
Cuttlefishes (Sepiidae) accretionary form septa within their cuttlebones throughout ontogeny. The
septal distances were measured in five species of modern Sepiidae and the ontogenetic trajectories ofKazuki

Ryoji

Analysis of the septal distance inNOBA

WANI

the cuttlebone of Seppidae

the septal distance was compared in this study. The results demonstrated that the ontogenetic
trajectories of the septal distance can be divided into three types. These types are consistent with thegenetic classification with DNA analyses in the previous study. This consistency suggests that theontogenetic trajectories of the septal distance in Sepiidae can be used as an indicator of the closenessof the genetic lineage.

TakashiShinji

FUSHIMASHIMODE

Estimation of egg production rateof Calanus sinicus frompreserved samples

Calanus sinicus is one of the dominant planktonic copepods in coastal zooplankton communities andplays an important role of the secondary production in the mid latitude area of the NW Pacific.
Investigating egg production of Calanus sinicus is important. Our purpose is to propose a model forestimation of C. sinicus EPR from preserved samples.
In recent years, damage to forest ecosystems by sika deer(Cervus nippon) has been reported
throughout Japan. It is thought that similar damage is occurring in Aya UNESCO Eco Park, Miyazaki

YutaAkiko

HORIGUCHI

SAKAI

Deflection transition ofPrefecture. In this study, it is suggested that clear-cutting of planted forests under the feeding pressure

vegetation under feeding pressure of sika deer increases the prevalence of Daphniphyllum macropodum, resulting in biased transition ofof sika deer (Cervus nippon)

vegetation. In addition, as a result of examining the growth and reproduction characteristics
of Daphniphyllum macropodum, it has been suggested that the stable state is maintained in thedominant forest of Daphniphyllum macropodum.

Kayo

Masahiro

YOSHIDAISHIKAWA

Sintering of fine grain
polycrystals using naturalenstatite

In order to deform by diffusion creep, sintering experiments were carried out to prepare fine grained
enstatite polycrystals. By using a bead mill pulverizer, natural enstatite single crystals was pulverized
to the order of 0.1 μm. By sintering the bead mill pulverized powder under atmospheric pressure, wesucceeded in sintering a polycrystalline enstatite having a particle size on the order of 0.1 μm to 1. μm.
C. sinicus is known to spawn during night. However, in Sagami Bay, our recent preliminary study

Yuji

ShinjiYOSHINAGA SHIMODE

Strategy of egg spawning of theraised possibility that C. sinicus spawns eggs during both day and night. To investigate the possibility,

planktonic copepod Calanus

this study examined strategy of egg spawning of C. sinicus in Sagami Bay. Our result suggests thatsinicus in Sagami Bay, Japan

strategy of C. sinicus might is chosen by depth of possibly hatch, opportunity of feeding and pressureof predator.