Emergent Matter Science

RIKEN Center for
Emergent Matter Science

www. c e m s. ri k e n. j p

The Science of Emergent Matter“Emergence” refers to the phenomenon in which a number of elements that arebrought together gain proper ties that could not be predicted from the individualelements. For example, when a large number of electrons become stronglycorrelated, they can give rise to extremely strong electrical and magnetic action that
could not be predicted from the actions of a single electron. Additionally, by linking
together a large number of molecules, it is possible to create materials with newfunctionalities that were not possessed by the individual molecules. In this way,
when par ticles such as electrons or molecules gather together, they can give rise tosurprising materials and functions that could not be predicted simply as anaggregation of the original constituent elements. The science that attempts toelucidate the principles of emergent phenomena and create new materials andfunctions based on these principles is known as emergent matter science.

Strong Correlation Physics

Supramolecular Chemistry

Quantum Information Electronics

A strongly correlated electronsystem is a state in which vast
numbers of electrons mutuallyinteract. By leveraging andcontrolling the movements ofthese electrons, it is possible tofabricate materials that havepowerful energy properties,
such as very low consumption,
minimal electricity loss, and ahigh conversion ratio.

Supramolecular assemblies
are complexes made ofmolecules which have novel
functions that their individual
molecules do not. By
synthesizing molecules andassembling them regularly,
such architectures with new
function can be designed.

Quanta are the smallest unit ofmatter-like mass, and canbehave both like waves andpar ticles. By developing
technologies to control thequantum state, it is possible tocreate quantum computersand quantum devices thatprocess information extremely
securely and with extremely
low energy consumption.

RIKEN Center for Emergent Matter Science
2-1 Hirosawa, Wako, Saitama 351-0198, Japan
Tel: +81-(0)48-462-1111(Switchboard Number) Email: cems@riken.jp

Copyright© RIKEN. All rights reserved. Printed in Japan.

RIKEN 2015-055 July 2015

ronic devices
tDeveloping extremecell y low-energy e of energy
highly-efficient cionsro lle c tAchievingeio n a n d c o n v
Strong Correlation Physics

Supramolecular Chemistry

Building a sustainable society that can co-exist in harmony
with the environment is a challenge for all of humanity
A crucial first step in achieving this is to resolve our energy problems. To do this, we must develop ways to produce energy efficiently, without
putting a burden on the environment, and also reduce our consumption of energy to the absolute minimum possible. We must develop
breakthrough technologies that make it possible to achieve things undreamt of with the science of the past. The Center for Emergent Matter

Quantum Information Electronics

Science (CEMS), by taking a pioneering role in the new field of emergent matter science, aims to establish a firm basis for solving our energy
problems and to aid in the establishment of a better society.
Director, Yoshinori Tokura

The Center for Emergent Matter Science (CEMS) brings together leading scientists inthree areas—physics, chemistry, and electronics—to elaborate the principles ofemergent phenomena and to open the path to potential applications

Strong Correlation Physics

Supramolecular Chemistry

Quantum Information ElectronicsCEMS carries out research in three areas: strong correlation physics, supramolecular chemistry, and quantum informationelectronics. It incorporates more than 200 researchers from around the world, organized into approximately 30 research groups
and teams. There are other leading centers around the world working in each of the three individual disciplines covered byCEMS, but nowhere in the world is there a center that brings the three together in one place. In order to create a sustainable
society that can co-exist with the natural environment, cooperation among the fields of physics, chemistry, and electronics iscritical. Bringing these three areas together allows “emergent phenomena” to take place within the center’s research as well,making possible breakthroughs in research that could not be predicted from the outset.

Topological currents

Strongly correlated electronics

Thermoelectric conversion

Optical actuators

Supramolecular photovoltaics

Aquaplastics

Coherent computers

Quantum devices

Quantum computers

Electrons within a solid create
beautiful geometrical patterns inmomentum space. This is related
to electron functions such as
topological currents, where there
is no energy loss.

Strongly correlated electrons canquickly change between metal andinsulator with tiny stimuli. This canbe used for non-volatile memory(ReRAM) with high speed/density
and low energy loss.

By controlling strongly correlated electrons, it is possible tocreate materials that efficiently
convert heat to electricity andvice versa.

Polymers incorporating parts thattransform in response to light are
regularly ordered, allowing thedevelopment of functional materials for efficient light-to-mechanical energy conversion.

The efficiency of organic film
solar cells is improved bycreation of organic semiconducting polymers using fused polycyclic aromatics with high mobility
carriers (electrons and holes).

Aquamaterials, which areplastics and rubbers composedalmost entirely of water, arebeing further developed intomaterials that have a minimal
environmental load.

Quantum-state controls in
integrated superconducting
circuits, consisting of qubits,
resonators, waveguides, etc.,
enable quantum information
processing and ultimate
low-noise signal detection.

By using carbon nanotubes, it ispossible to build extremely small
devices that maximize quantum
effects, such as double quantum
dot devices.

By constructing qubit circuits
formed from the electron spin of
semiconducting quantum dots, it
is possible to conduct logicalcalculations with quantum manipulation and error correction.