Thermal No. 4 January 31, 2022

Thermal No. 4 January 31, 2022
5. University System

IsraelMember of ICHMT, AIHTC(1) Overview(Israel Standard Time, IST: UTC+2, Population: 9.5 million)
1. Major Societies
There are no organizations strictly related to heat and mass transfer.
AEAI – The Association of Engineers, Architects and Graduates in Technological
Sciences in Israel is the national umbrella organization representing its members inIsrael. The Association aims to foster the development and improvement of humanresources and technological expertise in all fields of industry.
https://www.aeai.org.il/about-english/
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Association_of_Engineers_in_Israel
Within the Association of Engineers there are professional societies in various
technological fields, including Mechanical Engineering and Chemical Engineering.
2. Major Meetings
There are no national meetings on heat transfer and thermalsciences, but these subjects are integrated in the following
annual or bi-annual major meetings held in Israel, where special
tracks and sessions on heat and mass transfer are included andpresented prominently:
ICME - Israeli Conference on Mechanical Engineering
IICHE - Meeting of the Israel Institute of Chemical Engineers
IMEC - Israeli Materials Engineering Conference
COMCAS – International Conference on Microwaves,Communications and Electronic Systems.
3. Major Journals
There are no Israeli journals on heat and mass transfer. Israeli researchers in all fields of science andengineering publish their works in well-established English-language international journals and serve on theireditorial boards.

4. Education (Undergraduate/Graduate School)- Elementary School, 6 years; Junior High School, 3 years; High School, 3 years.
- Undergraduate Studies in Engineering, 4 years (Undergraduate Studies in Sciences, 3 years).
- In general, the first semester starts in late October (after the Jewish Holy Days), while the second
semester starts in late February.
- Most of undergraduate education is carried out by using English-language textbooks.
- Senior students engage in final projects (undergraduate theses) by doing experimental/theoreticalstudies under their supervisors from academia or industry.
- Master course is usually 2 years, for outstanding students there are fast Bachelor-Master tracks(5 years), a thesis is mandatory.
- Doctor course is 4 years for full-time students, and may take more time. There are direct MasterDoctor tracks for outstanding students.

- The Council for Higher Education (CHE) is the official authority for higher education in Israel anddetermines policy for the higher education system.
- The CHE was founded pursuant to the Council for Higher Education Law, 1958, as an independentand unaffiliated statutory corporation. It was established in order to separate Israel’s political systemfrom its higher education system, to prevent interference with academic freedom.
- In Israel, higher education may beobtained from universities or colleges(the latter usually do not haveadvanced degrees, and cannot award
Ph.D. in any case).
- According to CHE, there are ten
universities in Israel.
- The academic ranks are lecturer, seniorlecturer, associate professor and full professor.
- At all ranks, faculty members are usuallyindependent and run their own research group (similar to the US university system).
- Tenure is commonly awarded after 5-7 years since the appointment.
- The mandatory retirement age for faculty members is 68. Usually, the retired professors are awarded
an “emeritus/ emerita” title, and continue active research.
6. Foundations of Scientific Research- The Israel Science Foundation is the main body supporting breakthrough basic
science in Israel, based on scientific excellence within the different fields ofknowledge, in a wide variety of funding opportunities.
- The Ministry of Science, Technology and Space promotes projects toencourage research and is focused on leading strategic infrastructure research.
- The Israel Innovation Authority, an independent publicly funded agency, wascreated to provide a variety of practical tools and funding platforms aimed ateffectively addressing the dynamic and changing needs of the local andinternational innovation ecosystems.
- The Ministry of Energy is responsible for all of Israel's energy sectors and its
natural resources, including electricity, fuel, LPG, natural gas, conservation ofenergy, petroleum explorations, minerals, earth science and marine researchand more.
7. Major Public/Private Research Institutes- Most major laboratories in thermal sciences and heat transfer are in the universities.
- Active research in thermal field takes place also in the Nuclear Research Center Negev and in thedefense sector companies.
8. AddendumHebrew (‫ﬠִ ְב ִרית‬, [ivˈʁit] or [ʕivˈɾit]) is a Northwest Semitic languageof the Afroasiatic language family. Modern Hebrew is the official
language of the State of Israel. Hebrew serves as the only truly
successful example of a dead language that has been revived.
by Neima Brauner (ICHMT, AIHTC) and Gennady Ziskind (ICHMT, AIHTC)

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