ᶧਛᶋㆆᶧṢᒻ⁁䈎䉌䈱ᶧ-ᶧ⇇㕙ᒛജ䈱᷹ቯ⎇ⓥઍ⴫⠪㩷 ᄢ㒋ᄢቇᄢቇ㒮Ꮏቇ⎇ⓥ⑼㩷 ․છഥᢎ㩷 ਛᧄ዁༹1. ✜⸒‛⾰䈱⴫㕙䉇ઁ䈱‛⾰䈫䈱⇇㕙䈪䈍䈖䉎⇇㕙⃻⽎䈲䇮㊄ዻ♖㍰䊒䊨䉶䉴䇮⚛᧚⵾ㅧ䈲൩⺰䈱䈖䈫䇮䉣䊧䉪䊃䊨䊆䉪䉴䇮කቇ䇮ක≮䇮↢ൻቇ䉁䈪䈅䉌䉉䉎ಽ㊁䈮䈍䈇䈩㊀ⷐⷞ䈘䉏䈩䈇䉎䈖䈫䈲๟⍮䈱੐ታ䈪䈅䉎 1,2)䇯䈖䈱䉋䈉䈭䈖䈫䈎䉌⇇㕙⃻⽎䈱ℂ⸃䈱䈢䉄䈮⇇㕙⃻⽎䉕ᡰ㈩䈜䉎⇇㕙ᒛജ䈱᷹ቯ䈏ᢙᄙ䈒䈭䈘䉏䈩䈐䈢䈏䇮⃻࿷䈮䈍䈇䈩䉅ฦ᷹ቯᴺ䈮䈲ⵝ⟎․᦭䈱⺋Ꮕ䈏ᱷሽ䈚䈩䈇䉎䇯䈠䈖䈪䇮ᧄ⎇ⓥ䈪䈲ᶧ૕䈫ᶧ૕䈱⇇㕙ᒛജ䋨ᶧ䋭ᶧ⇇㕙ᒛജ䋩䈮⌕⋡䈚䇮㜞♖ᐲ
᷹ቯᴺ䈱㐿⊒䈭䉌䈶䈮᷹ቯ䉕ㅢ䈛䈩ᶧ䋭ᶧ⇇㕙⃻⽎ℂ⸃䈱⿷䈏䈎䉍䉕ᓧ䉎䈖䈫䉕⋡⊛䈫䈜䉎䇯㩷 ᶧ䋭ᶧ䈱⇇㕙ᒛജ䉕᷹ቯ䈜䉎ᣇᴺ䈫䈚䈩䈲ᶧ૕ਛ䈱ᶧṢ䈱ᒻ⁁䈎䉌▚಴䈜䉎ᣇᴺ䈏♖ᐲ䈏⦟䈒䇮ㆡ↪ᕈ䉅ᐢ䈇ᣇᴺ䈫䈚䈩↪䈇䉌䉏䈩䈐䈢䇯ၮ᧼਄䈮㕒ᱛ䈚䈢ᶧṢ䉕ⷰኤ䈜䉎㕒Ṣᴺ
䋨Fig. 1 (a)䋩䇮᳓ᐔ䈭ᐔ㕙ਅ䈮㕒ᱛ䈚䈢ᶧṢ䉕ⷰኤ䈜䉎᝝Ṣᴺ䋨Fig. 1 (b)䋩䈏䈠䈱଀䈪䈅䉎䇯䈚䈎䈚䈭䈏䉌䇮Ṣ䈏ၮ᧼䈭䈬䈫ធ⸅䈜䉎႐ว䇮ᶧṢ䈏ၮ᧼⴫㕙䈱☻ᐲ䈮ᓇ㗀䉕ฃ䈔䇮ᶧṢ䈏⌀䈱ᒻ⁁䈎䉌ᱡ䉂ᱜ䈚䈇ᶧṢᒻ⁁䉕ᓧ䉌䉏䈝䇮᷹ቯ♖ᐲ䈏ૐਅ䈜䉎䈖䈫䈏໧㗴䈫䈭䈦䈩䈇䉎 2)䇯
(a)(b)
LiquidDropletSolid substrate(c)PlateDropletLiquidDropletLiquidFig. 1 㩷 Measurement method for interfacial tension between droplet and liquid. (a) Sessile
drop method, (b) captive drop method and (c) present method.
䈠䈖䈪ᧄ⎇ⓥ䈲ᶧ૕ਛ䈮ᶋㆆ䈘䈞䈢ᶧṢ䉕↪䈇䈩䇮䈠䈱ᶧ㕙ਅ䈱ᶧṢᒻ⁁䈎䉌䇮⇇㕙ᒛജ䉕᷹ቯ䈜䉎น⢻ᕈ䉕ᬌ⸛䈜䉎䈖䈫䉕⋡⊛䈫䈚䈢䋨Fig. 1 (c)䋩䇯ᶋㆆ䈘䈞䈢ᶧṢ䈱႐ว䇮ធ⸅䈜䉎‛⾰䈲ሽ࿷䈞䈝䇮⌀䈱ᶧṢᒻ⁁䈏ⷰኤน⢻䈪䈅䉎䇯䈠䈱䈢䉄ᣢሽ䈱㕒Ṣᴺ䉇䇮᝝Ṣᴺ䈫Ყセ䈚䈩᷹ቯ♖ᐲ䈱ᩰᲑ䈱ะ਄䈏ᦼᓙ䈘䉏䉎䇯ᧄ⎇ⓥ䈪䈲⇇㕙ᵴᕈ೷䉕฽䉃᳓ṁᶧ㕙ਅ䈮ᒻᚑ䈘䉏䉎ᶋㆆ䈭䈢䈰ᴤ䈱ᶧṢᒻ⁁䉕೑↪䈚䈩䇮⇇㕙ᒛജ䉕᷹ቯ䈜䉎䈖䈫䉕⹜䉂䈢䇯䉁䈢䇮ห᭽䈱ⷰὐ䈎䉌ᶧ૕㕙਄䈮ሽ࿷䈜䉎ᶧ૕ਅ䈱᳇ᵃᒻ⁁䈎䉌ᶧ૕䈱⴫㕙ᒛജ䈱᷹ቯ䉕⹜䉂䈢
(Fig. 2 (c))䇯䈖䈱႐ว䉅਄ㅀ䈱⇇㕙ᒛജ᷹ቯ䈫ห᭽䈮㕒Ṣᴺ(Fig. 2 (a))䉅䈚䈒䈲᝝䉧䉴ᴺ(Fig.
2 (b))䈫Ყセ䈚䈩㕖ធ⸅䈱䈢䉄᷹ቯ䈱♖ᐲ਄᣹䈏ᦼᓙ䈪䈐䉎䇯㧙㧙

(a)

(b)

(c)

Liquid 2

Plate

Gas

Gas bubble

Gas bubble

DropletLiquid 1

LiquidSolid substrate

Fig. 2 㩷 Measurement method for surface tension between droplet and liquid. (a) Sessile drop
method, (b) captive gas bubble method and (c) present method.
2. ේℂ 3)৻⥸䈮⴫㕙ᒛജ V 䉕䉅䈤 R 䈍䉋䈶 R c 䈱ਥᦛ₸ඨᓘ䈪ઍ⴫䈘䉏䉎ᦛ㕙䉕᦭䈜䉎ᶧ૕䈱ᶧ㕙䈮૞↪䈜䉎࿶ജᏅ 'P 䈲ᰴ䈱 Laplace 䈱ᑼ䈮䉋䉍ਈ䈋䉌䉏䉎䇯'P V 1 R  1 Rc 㩷 㩷 㩷 㩷 㩷 (1)㊀ജ႐ਛ䈪㊀ജ䈫ု⋥䈮⟎䈎䉏䈢ᐔ᧼਄䈮䈅䉎ᶧṢ䈲 Fig. 2 䈮␜䈜䉋䈉䈭ᒻ⁁䈫䈭䉍䇮Fig.
3 䈱䉋䈉䈮 x, z ᐳᮡ䉕䈫䉎䈫㊀ജ䈫࿶ജ䈱䊋䊤䊮䉴䈮䉋䉍 Laplace 䈱ᑼ䈲(2)䈱䉋䈉䈮䈭䉎䇯V 1 R  1 Rc'Ug h  z  'P0 㩷 㩷 㩷 㩷 㩷 (2)'U 䈲㕒Ṣ䈫᳇૕䈱ኒᐲᏅ䇮 g 䈲㊀ജടㅦᐲ䇮 h 䈲㕒Ṣ䈱㜞䈘䈪䈅䉎䇯 R, R c 䈲䈠䉏䈡䉏࿑䈱ᐔ㕙䈱ਛ䈮䈅䉎ᦛ㕙䈱ਥᦛ₸ඨᓘ䈫䈠䉏䈮ု⋥䈭ਥᦛ₸ඨᓘ䈪䈅䉎䇯 'P0 䈲㗂ὐ䈮䈍䈔䉎㕒Ṣ䈱ౝ䈫ᄖ䈱࿶ജᏅ䈪䇮㗂ὐ䈱ਥᦛ₸ඨᓘ b 䈮䉋䉍 'P0Ძ⚦▤ቯᢙ D 2

2V b 䈫⴫䈘䉏䉎䈱䈪䇮(2)ᑼ䈲V / g  'U 䉕↪䈇䈩ᰴ䈱䉋䈉䈮䈭䉎䇯
1 R  1 Rch  z D 2  2 b 㩷 㩷 㩷 㩷 㩷 (3)ᐞ૗ቇ⊛䈭㑐ଥ䈎䉌(3)ᑼ䈲એਅ䈱 3 䈧䈱ㅪ┙ᓸಽᣇ⒟ᑼ䈪⴫䈘䉏䇮Ṣ䈱ᢿ㕙䈱ベㇳᦛ✢䈲ㅪ┙ᓸಽᣇ⒟ᑼ䉕⸃䈇䈢䉅䈱䈮⋧ᒰ䈜䉎䇯dx R  cos I  dI 㩷 㩷 㩷 㩷 㩷 (4)dz  R  sin I  dI 㩷 㩷 㩷 㩷 㩷 (5)R 1 ^q3 q1  z  q2  sin I / x ` 㩷 㩷 㩷 㩷 㩷 (6)q1 h, q2 2 / b, q3 'Ug / VI 䈲Ṣ䈱ベㇳ਄䈱ὐ x, z 䉕ㅢ䉎ᴺ✢䈫ਛᔃゲ䈱੤䉒䉎ⷺ䇮 q1 , q 2 , q3 䈲ベㇳᦛ✢䉕᳿䉄䉎⋧੕䈮⁛┙䈭䊌䊤䊜䊷䉺䈪䈅䉎䇯ᶧਛሽ࿷䈜䉎ၮ᧼਄䈱ᶧṢ䈪䈲 'U 䈲 2 䈧䈱ᶧ૕䈱ኒᐲᏅ䈪⟎䈐឵䈋䉌䉏(Fig. 3 (a))䇮ᶋㆆ䈜䉎ᶧṢ䈪䈲 'U 䈲 2 䈧䈱ᶧ૕䈱ኒᐲᏅ䈪⟎䈐឵䈋䉌䉏䇮ኒ
ᐲᏅ 'U 䇮㊀ജ g 䈱㗄䉕ㅒะ䈐䈮䈜䉎䈖䈫䈮䉋䈦䈩ℂ⺰⊛ᒻ⁁䈏⴫⃻䈪䈐䉎(Fig. 3 (b))䇯䉁䈢䇮ᶋㆆ䈜䉎ᶧ૕ਅ䈱᳇ᵃ䈱ℂ⺰⊛ᒻ⁁䈲ኒᐲᏅ 'U 䇮㊀ജ g 䈱㗄䉕ㅒะ䈐䈮䈜䉎䈖䈫䈪ᓧ䉌䉏䉎(Fig. 3 (c))䇯

㧙㧙

(a)

(b)
z(c)
T

L2Tx, zhI

L2x

Rg

L2hRc

L1Rc

IR

L1x

Fig. 3gxx, z

Rc

Gas

h

I
L1zg

Rx, zzSchematic diagram of droplet in liquid.

3䋮ታ㛎ᣇᴺ
3.1. ᶋㆆᶧṢ䉕೑↪䈚䈢䈭䈢䈰ᴤ䋭᳓ṁᶧ㑆䈱⇇㕙ᒛജ᷹ቯᶋㆆᶧṢ⹜ᢱ䈫䈚䈩䈭䈢䈰ᴤ䇮Უᶧ⋧⹜ᢱ䈫䈚䈩⇇㕙ᵴᕈ೷䉕 1%฽䉃⿥⚐᳓᳓ṁᶧ䉕૶↪䈚䈢䇯੍஻ታ㛎䈮䉋䉍 Fig. 1 (c)䈱䉋䈉䈮䈭䈢䈰ᴤ䈏䈅䉎⒟ᐲ౉䉍ㄟ䉖䈣⁁ᘒ䈪᳓ṁᶧ㕙䉕ᶋㆆ䈜䉎䈖䈫䉕⏕⹺䈚䈩䈇䉎䇯ታ㛎ⵝ⟎䈱ᮨᑼ࿑䉕 Fig. 4 䈮␜䈜䇯50 x 50 x 50 mm 䈱䉲䊥䉦䉧䊤䉴䉶䊦䈮᳓ṁᶧ䉕ḩ䈢䈚䇮䈭䈢䈰ᴤ䉕ᶋㆆ䈘䈞䉎䇯ᶋㆆ䈘䈞䈢䈭䈢䈰ᴤ䈲᳓ṁᶧ䈱䈗䈒䉒䈝䈎䈭ኻᵹ䈮䉋䈦䈩䉅⒖േ䈜䉎䈢䉄䇮䉧䊤䉴䉶䊦਄ㇱ䈱䉧䊤䉴᧼䈮ข䉍ઃ䈔䈢 Cu 䊪䉟䊟䈮䉋䉍ᶋㆆᶧṢ䉕଻ᜬ䈚䈢䇯㔓࿐᳇䈫䈚䈩 Ar 䉧䉴 100 mL/min (s.t.p.)䉕ᵹ䈚䈢䇯㔓࿐᳇᷷ᐲ䈲 23 oC 䈪䈅䉎䇯䉧䊤䉴䉶䊦ᮮ䈮⸳⟎䈚䈢 LED 䈮䉋䉍䈧䈒䉌䉏䉎ᶋㆆᶧṢ䈱䉲䊦䉣䉾䊃௝䉕ᦸ㆙䊧䊮䉵䉕ข䉍ઃ䈔䈢 CCD 䉦䊜䊤䋨SONY: XCD-SX90䋩䉕ㅢ䈚䈩䊂䉳䉺䊦↹௝䈫䈚䈩 PC 䈮ข䉍ㄟ䉖䈣䇯ੑ୯
ൻಣℂ䉕ᣉ䈚䈢↹௝䈎䉌ベㇳ䊂䊷䉺䉕ขᓧ䈚䇮Laplace 䈱ᑼ䈮䉋䈦䈩ឬ䈎䉏䉎ℂ⺰ᦛ✢䈫䊂䊷䉺䈏৻⥌䈜䉎䉋䈉䈮 Krylov 䉌 4)䈱㐿⊒䈚䈢⸘▚䉸䊐䊃䉕૶↪䈚䈩⇇㕙ᒛജ䉕᳿ቯ䈚䈢䇯⇇㕙ᒛജ▚಴ᤨ䈮૶↪䈚䈢ኒᐲ䈲䇮᳓ṁᶧ䈲᳓䈫䈚䈩 0.997538 g/cm3 5)䇮䈭䈢䈰ᴤ䈲੍஻ታ㛎䈮䉋䉍ᓧ䉌䉏䈢 0.9106 g/cm3 䈪䈅䉎䇯

Fig. 4Schematic diagram of experimental apparatus.

㧙㧙

3.2. ᶋㆆᶧ૕ਅ䈱᳇ᵃ䉕೑↪䈚䈢᳓ṁᶧ䈱⴫㕙ᒛജ᷹ቯ㩷 ⴫㕙ᒛജ᷹ቯᶧ૕䈫䈚䈩਄ㅀ䈱⇇㕙ᵴᕈ೷ 1%䉕฽䉃⿥⚐᳓᳓ṁᶧ䇮䉁䈢䇮ᶋㆆᶧ૕䈫䈚䈩䉲䊥䉮䊮䉥䉟䊦䋨ା⿧ൻቇᎿᬺᩣᑼળ␠䋺KF-96-10cs䇮Ყ㊀ 0.935䋩䉕↪䈇䈢䇯⇇㕙ᒛജ᷹ቯ䈫ห᭽䈱ታ㛎ⵝ⟎䈮䈍䈇䈩䉲䊥䉦䉧䊤䉴䉶䊦䈮᳓ṁᶧ䉕ḩ䈢䈚䈢ᓟ䇮਄ㇱ䈎䉌䉲䊥䉮䊮䉥䉟䊦ᶧ૕䉕⪭ਅ䈘䈞䉎䇯䈖䈱䈫䈐䇮↢ᚑ䈚䈢᳇ᵃ䈲᳓ṁᶧ⴫㕙䈮⤑䉕ᒻᚑ䈚䈢䉲䊥䉮䊮䉥䉟䊦䈮ㆤ䉌䉏䇮䉲䊥䉮䊮䉥䉟䊦䈫᳓ṁᶧ䈱㑆䈪 Fig. 2 (c)䈱䉋䈉䈮଻ᜬ䈘䉏䉎䇯᠟ᓇ䊡䊆䉾䊃䈍䉋䈶↹௝ಣℂ䉲䉴䊁䊛䈲⇇㕙ᒛജ᷹ቯ䈫ห᭽䈪䇮᠟ᓇ䈚䈢᳇ᵃᒻ⁁䈎䉌 Krylov 䉌 4)䈱⸘▚䉸䊐䊃䉕↪䈇䈩᳓ṁᶧ䈱⴫㕙ᒛജ䉕᳿ቯ䈚䈢䇯⸘▚䈮૶↪䈚䈢᳓ṁᶧ䈱ኒᐲ䈲᳓䈫䈚䈩 0.997538 g/cm3 䈪䈅䉎䇯
4. ታ㛎⚿ᨐ
4.1. ᶋㆆᶧṢ䉕೑↪䈚䈢䈭䈢䈰ᴤ䋭᳓ṁᶧ㑆䈱⇇㕙ᒛജ᷹ቯ
Figure 5 (a)䈮᳓ṁᶧਛ䉕ᶋㆆ䈜䉎䈭䈢䈰ᴤᶧṢ䈱䉲䊦䉣䉾䊃௝䉕␜䈜䇯䈭䈢䈰ᴤ䈏᳓ṁᶧ㕙ਅ䈪ᶧṢᒻ⁁䉕ᒻᚑ䈚䈩䈇䉎䈱䈏⏕⹺䈪䈐䉎䇯ᶋㆆᶧṢ଻ᜬ䈮↪䈇䈢 Cu 䊪䉟䊟䈲䉒䈝䈎䈮ᶧṢ䈮ଚ౉䈚䈩䈇䉎䉅䈱䈱䇮2 䈧䈱ᶧ૕䈱⇇㕙䈮䈲⥋䈦䈩䈍䉌䈝ᶧṢᒻ⁁䈮ᓇ㗀䈲෸䈿䈚䈩䈇䈭䈇䈖䈫䈏䉒䈎䉎䇯䉧䊤䉴䉶䊦䈱ᐩ㕙஥䈎䉌᠟ᓇ䈚䈢ᶋㆆᶧṢ䉕 Fig. 5 (b)䈮␜䈜䇯ᶧṢᒻ⁁䉕ᱡ䉄䉎ⷐ࿃䈏䈭䈇䈢䉄ᶧṢ䈲⌀౞䈪䈅䉎䇯(a)(b)

Cu wireCu wireOil

Oil

Water solution

Fig. 51 mm

Water solution

1 mmObservation of oil droplet in water solution. (a) Side view and (b) bottom view.

ᶧṢᒻ⁁䈎䉌▚಴䈚䈢䈭䈢䈰ᴤ䈫᳓ṁᶧ䈱⇇㕙ᒛജ䈱ᤨ㑆ᄌൻ䉕 Fig. 6 䈮␜䈜䇯᷹ቯ䈲䈭䈢䈰ᴤᶧṢ䉕᳓ṁᶧ㕙਄䈮ᒻᚑ䈘䈞䈢 10 ಽᓟ䈎䉌㐿ᆎ䈚䇮᷹ቯ䉕㐿ᆎ䈚䈢ᤨ㑆䉕 0 䈫䈚䈩䈇䉎䇯㐿ᆎ⋥ᓟ䇮⇇㕙ᒛജ䈲 0.6 mN/m 䉕␜䈚䇮ᤨ㑆䈫౒䈮ᓢ䇱䈮Ⴧട䈚䈩䈇䉎䋨Fig. 6 (a)䋩䇯৻ᣇ䇮㐿ᆎ䈎䉌 60 ಽᓟ⇇㕙ᒛജ䈲 1 mN/m ⒟ᐲ䈪৻ቯ୯䉕ข䈦䈩䇮ᐔⴧ⁁ᘒ䈮㆐䈚䈩䈇䉎䉅㧙㧙䈱䈫ᕁ䉒䉏䉎䋨Fig. 6 (b)䋩䇯60 ~ 65 ಽ䈪䈱ᐔဋ୯䉕䈭䈢䈰ᴤ䈫᳓ṁᶧ䈱ᐔⴧ⇇㕙ᒛജ䈫䈚 1.00mN/m (ᮡḰ஍Ꮕ + 0.004 mN/m)䉕ᓧ䈢䇯ᧄ⎇ⓥ䈪䈲 1 mN/m એਅ䈱䉒䈝䈎䈭⇇㕙ᒛജ䈱ᄌൻ䉕ᱜ⏕䈮᷹ቯ䈜䉎䈖䈫䈮ᚑഞ䈚䈩䈍䉍䇮ᶋㆆᶧṢ䉕೑↪䈚䈢⇇㕙ᒛജ᷹ቯᴺ䈏㜞♖ᐲ᷹ቯ
ᴺ䈫䈚䈩น⢻ᕈ䈏䈅䉎䈖䈫䈏䉒䈎䉎䇯Fig.7 䈲⇇㕙ᒛജ䈫หᤨ䈮᷹ቯ䈚䈢᳓ṁᶧ㕙ਅ䈪䈭䈢䈰ᴤᶧṢ䈏ᶧ㕙䈫䈭䈜ⷺᐲT䈱ᤨ㑆䈮ኻ䈜䉎ᄌൻ䈪䈅䉎䇯㐿ᆎ⋥ᓟ䈲 135 o ㄭற䈱୯䉕䈫䉍䇮䈠䈱ᓟᤨ㑆䈏⚻䈧䈫⇇㕙ᒛജห᭽৻ቯ䈱୯䋨131.7 o, ᮡḰ஍Ꮕ + 0.67 o䋩䉕䈫䈦䈩䈇䉎䇯
(a)

(b)
1.2

Interfacial tension (mN/m)Interfacial tension (mN/m)

1.2

10.8

0.6
0123Time (min)41
1.00 mN/m
0.80.660

56162
63Time (min)64

65

Fig. 6

Interfacial tension between oil and water solution. (a) 0 to 5 min and (b) 60 to 65 min.

(a)

(b)
140

135

135
Angle T 

130o

130

125

120
0131.7

RAngle T R

140

125

1Fig. 7

2
3Time (min)

45120
60

6162
63
Time (min)64Time dependence of Angle T. (a) 0 to 5 min and (b) 60 to 65 min.

㧙㧙

65

4.2. ᶋㆆᶧ૕ਅ䈱᳇ᵃ䉕೑↪䈚䈢᳓ṁᶧ䈱⴫㕙ᒛജ᷹ቯ㩷 䉲䊥䉮䊮䉥䉟䊦䈫᳓ṁᶧ䈱㑆䈮଻ᜬ䈘䉏䈢᳇ᵃ䉕 Fig. 8 䈮␜䈜䇯࿕૕‛⾰䈭䈬䈮ធ⸅䈜䉎䈖䈫䈭䈒᳇ᵃ䈏ሽ࿷䈚䈩䈇䉎䈖䈫䈏ⷰኤ䈘䉏䉎䇯䈖䈱᳇ᵃᒻ⁁䈎䉌᳞䉄䈢⴫㕙ᒛജ䈲 26.64 mN/m䈪䈅䉍䇮⴫㕙ᒛജ 72.28 mN/m (23 oC)䈱᳓䈮⇇㕙ᵴᕈ೷䉕 1 %ട䈋䈢୯䈫䈚䈩ᅷᒰ䈭ᢙ୯䈪䈅䉎䈫⠨䈋䉌䉏䇮ᧄᚻᴺ䈮䉋䉍⴫㕙ᒛജ᷹ቯ䈏น⢻䈪䈅䉎䈖䈫䈏䉒䈎䉎䇯Fig. 9 䈲਄ㅀ䈚䈢ᶋㆆᶧṢ䉕೑↪䈚䈢䈭䈢䈰ᴤ䋭᳓ṁᶧ㑆䈱⇇㕙ᒛജ᷹ቯ䈮䈍䈔䉎ฦᒛജ䈱㊒䉍ว䈇䉕␜䈚䈩䈇
䉎䇯Vws 䈲᳓ṁᶧ䈱⴫㕙ᒛജ䇮Vo 䈲䈭䈢䈰ᴤ䈱⴫㕙ᒛജ䇮Jo/ws 䈲䈭䈢䈰ᴤ䈫᳓ṁᶧ䈱⇇㕙ᒛജ䇮T1 ( = 180o - T)䇮T2 ( = 180o - T)䈲䈠䉏䈡䉏᳓ṁᶧ㕙ਅ䉅䈚䈒䈲ᶧ㕙਄䈪᳓ṁᶧ㕙䈮ኻ䈜䉎䈭䈢䈰ᴤᶧṢ䈱䈭䈜ⷺ䈪䈅䉎䇯䈖䉏䉌䈲ᱜᒏቯℂ䈎䉌એਅ䈱 Dupre 䈱㑐ଥᑼ䈏ᓧ䉌䉏䉎䇯V wssin(T1  T 2 )Vosin T 3J o ws
sin T 4(7)䈭䈢䈰ᴤ䈱⴫㕙ᒛജ䈲ᢥ₂[6]䈎䉌ᧄታ㛎᷷ᐲ䈪 30.9 mN/m6)䇮ᧄ⎇ⓥ䈪᳿ቯ䈚䈢Vws 26.64
mN/m䇮Jo/ws 1.00 mN/m䇮T( = 180 - T) 48.3 o 䈫(7)ᑼ䈎䉌ⷺᐲT䈲 1.4 o (T R)䈫᳞䉁䉎䇯ᧄታ㛎♽䈪䈲䈖䉏䉌䈱ᒛജ䈱୯䇮ⷺᐲ䈮䉋䉍ᐔⴧ㑐ଥ䈏ᚑ䉍┙䈦䈩䈇䉎䈖䈫䈏䉒䈎䈦䈢䇯

VwsTT
Jo/wsVoGasT
OilGas bubble
Water solutionT

1 mmFig. 8 Observation of gas bubble between
silicon oil and water solution

 Water solution
㩷 Fig. 9

Equilibrium of various tensions.

5. 䉁䈫䉄ᧄ⎇ⓥ䈲㜞♖ᐲ⇇㕙ᒛജ᷹ቯᴺ䈱⿷ដ䈎䉍䈫䈚䈩䇮ᶧ㕙䉕ᶋㆆ䈜䉎ᶧṢ䈱ᶧ㕙ਅ䈪䈱ᶧṢᒻ⁁䈎䉌⇇㕙ᒛജ䉕᷹ቯ䈜䉎ᣇᴺ䉕⇇㕙ᵴᕈ೷฽᦭᳓ṁᶧ䈮䈍䈔䉎ᶋㆆ䈭䈢䈰ᴤ䉕೑↪
䈚䈩⹜䉂䈢䇯1 mN/m ⒟ᐲ䈱䉒䈝䈎䈭⇇㕙ᒛജ䈱୯䈮ኻ䈚䈩䇮㜞♖ᐲ䈪᷹ቯ䈜䉎䈖䈫䈏น⢻䈪䈅䉎䈖䈫䉕⷗಴䈚䈢䇯䉁䈢䇮ᶧ㕙䉕ᶋㆆ䈜䉎ᶧ૕ਅ䈮଻ᜬ䈘䉏䈢᳇ᵃ䈱ᒻ⁁䈎䉌ᶧ૕䈱⴫㕙ᒛജ䈱᷹ቯ䈏น⢻䈪䈅䉎䈖䈫䉕⷗಴䈚䈢䇯㧙㧙⻢ㄉᧄ⎇ⓥ䈲 JFE21 ਎♿⽷࿅䈱⎇ⓥഥᚑ䈮䉋䉎䉅䈱䈪䈅䉍䇮ᗵ⻢䈱ᗧ䉕⴫䈜䉎䇯ෳ⠨ᢥ₂[1] ะ੗ᬮብ䋺 “㜞᷷Ⲣ૕䈱⇇㕙‛ℂൻቇ”, 䉝䉫䊈ᛛⴚ䉶䊮䉺䊷, ᧲੩䋨2007䋩.
[2] Krister Holmberg: “Handbook of Applied Surface and Colloid Chemistry” Volume 1 & 2,John Wiley & Sons, Ltd., Hoboken (2002).
[3] ↰ਛᢅብ: 䈸䈊䉌䉃, 8 (2003), 161.
[4] A. S. Krylov, A. V. Vvedensky, A. M. Katsnelson and A. E. Tugovikov: Journal ofNon-Crystalline Solids, 156-158 (1993), 845.
[5] ᣣᧄൻቇળ✬䋺 “ൻቇଢⷩ”, ਣༀ, ᧲੩ (1973).
[6]㩷 ᣣᧄᴤൻቇળ✬䋺㩷 “ᴤ⢽ൻቇଢⷩ”, ਣༀ, ᧲੩ (1971).

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