ollege & University Educators

ON CUEbe,r. 1993

JALT N-SIG

Newsletrer
Vol L. Issue 2

COI{TEh{TSPage
From The Chair

Gillian Kay

1Call for Contributions

EditorzCornmittee Members - Contact Inforrnation

J

Annor:ncementsll.?

Conference Report

Gail Jackson

5

Feature: Eleckonic Mail

Thomas Robb

6

Pull-out Feafi.ue: Graduate Sardy

Monty Vierra

10

Feature: Plight of Foreign Teachers

Steve McCarty

L4

Found in Translation

MichaelH. Fox

16Book Review

Gail Jaclcson

18Book Review

Willetta Wyatt Silva

20

Conference Announcement

22

From the Chair.IALT '93 in Omila
CUE ABMCUE s frst annual br:qrng,ss m":q"g will be held at the JALT'93 ccn:ference at Scnric Ciry in Omiya or
Saturday Sth October in Room 701. All members and anyone intercsted in tle groulp's acLvides at.tncor:raged_to attend- We will introduce tht gto,tp to newcorners, review the y-ar'Jactivities and disquss
the agenda fo'r the ssrning year.

.IALT Annual Genenal Business Meeting

This will be at 6.00 pm on Sunday 10th Octobor in the Hall. At this rrpeting, it will be decided wbether orgotl:e SIGs get a vote at ExCcrm. At iast I'ear's AGBM, the motion to give N-SIGs representation at
ExCom was naffowly defeated, so please come and vote for the N-SIGs.

N -SIG Hospitality Room
CUE members who can volunteer to help staff *re CUE desk in the N-SIG Hospitaliry Roorn for one or twohourl &:ring !t_re conf-erence, please put yor:r na$p on the sign-up sheet in tlle Hbspitality Room as eady as
possible. Staffing a desk it g"of way to meet otber_c_ollege teachers, and is aiso very e-ffective in?
errcouraging ngw peopp to join tbe-grou?. CUE N-SIG
F. also been given respcrnsibility fm clearing up
the room onMcmday aftemoon, and any help offeredwill be greatiy appreciated.

Presentations

qW -ill nrct be sponsoring q speaker for Omiya, but there no doubt will be many presentations
relevant to
CUE members. Reports on these will be welcome for the next issue of ON CUE.

CUE Representation at Tokyo .TALT Conference
On Sr:nday,2l"! November, CtlE wiil be repleryntqd b}, Car! Adams, of To\yo Inten:ational University,
giving a one hour w^orkshgn on'Reflectivc Teaching in University Classes'. This will explore
ryho ryill-be

the roles leamers a''d teachsrs often tai<e in language lea:ning / teaching that n:ay help or hinder eff'ective
langr:age leamin- g in the University setting. A few short activities wiil-demonstrate tLe objectives ofreflective teaching and leaming. Practical suggestions onways of oeating a more cpen cornnr:nicalive
app'roach-even in large university classes, as well as how to dcveicp and evaluate leamer entered tasia will-Pe

considered.

,
CUE Representatives Wanted For .IALT Regional Conlerences
It would be good if CIIE merebers attending JALT mini-conferences in tbeir area could volunteer toetc., available from our publicity officer,
1eq1esenj CIJE-by taking sample copies of otr newsletter, posters,
itf$y J.ones, fol the hospitality roorr where tlrere is one, -and helping to stalf it if possibti. tvtembers who
would lik" !9 represent C{IE by speaking at regional conferences or JALT"94, please contact theProgramme Chair, Michaei Fox.

Visit to Mombusho

q A.ptlgtis y_e_ar, t visjled the Ministry of Education, and spoke wirh Mr. Sato, Kensbn Koqr0 Kakari cho,of the K6t6 KyoiF" SVoF+ Kikaku Ka.(Bureau of higber education, planning department, training
exchange sectio! ghief) hdr. Sato has very kindly offeredto be contacted 6y foreign teachers at Japanese-lvlr.
national r:niversities for advice and infointion-relati'g to tbeir position
sito is volunteering thisservice unofficially, out of-goodwill, so please k""p oqr:ests clear and brief. He is able to answer qri""i",only jrog-those employed_in national.r:niversitiei, aid prefers to corrrmunicate in Japa',"s,s. t witt Uemeetilg \li l"tq ag3.m.orl Fri{y :tn October, to present-him with a copy of this ne.wsierter, and discuss
yays qyhich Mombusiro and C'IIE nighr cooprraie.
If uly CIJE T'embers are willing and able to ofier advie to college reacbers is F'nglis\ ON CLIE wouid. beglad to bear from you with information for our readers on how yoit may be co.ntacied.
GiIIian Kayt

From the Editor:
CAI

I FOR CONTR I FUT ONSI

Our work at college level includes a vaniety of tasks. f{embens ane invited
to contnibute articles on infor'mation on topics which will help otherteachens in thein work.

Possibie areas might include:

1. contract, salary, netinement pay given when you leave your^ pos jtion,

insurance and pension.

2. The administrative stnucture of Japanese colleges.
3. Reseanch, holiday, sick, mater nlty and home leave.
4. Research Gnants.
5. Articles by membens on the theony and practice of teaching language atcollege lev.el,

6. Abstnacts of your^ own on other author's pubiished wor k.
7. Teaching ideas useful for college level classes,
B. News of relevant pnesentations, confenences, meetings in your^ anea.

9, Of fer^s / nequests fot^ cooperation with nesearch, giving presentations,writing articles or shaning of teaching materials.

10. Reviews of nelevant books, videos, teaching mater^ials, pnesentations.
I L Relevant newspapen or mag azine articles, to be neproduced as they
are, on with commentary.
Please send contr^ibutions on abstracts to me. lwill also be editing a
special edition of The Language Teachen,. and would like to hear frommembens who are intenested in contr-ibutino to this too,

' 6i//ian Kay''-'_--_ -r:.-i.

Comm ittee flembers: Contact
I nform ati on

Chair^ & Newsletter'
Gi ll ian KaY
English Depar'tment
Toyama Pledicai And
Phar'maceuti cal Univensi tY

2630 Sugltani
Toyama City 930-01(H) tel / f ax: rc764 41- 1614(W) tel /f ax: rc764J 34-5043

Tokyo 206
Tel: @425) 3l-l9l I

Fax: (0423) 3l-1919

Committee Positions Open- Newsletter producen/distt'ibutor- Ylembenship Secnetary (requines

knowledge of databases)
Please contact Gillian by mai1,
phone on fax or come to the ABt"1 in0miya.

Tneasuner

Genenal queries or comments, andTakayama College
I 155 Shimobayashi-cho
Takayama City, Gifu 506

to Gillian. Completed member'ship
ouestionnaines also to me.
flichael would litce to hean from

Gail Jackson

Tel: (0577) 32-4440
Fax: (0577) 32-4081
Prognammes

llichael H. Fox
Hyogo Women's College
2301 ShinzaikeH

iraoka-cho

Kakogawa
Hyogo 675-0 I

Tel: (0794) 24-0052
Fax: ( 0794 26-2365

Publicity

J.B. Jones

contnibutions for the newsletter

CUE members interested in

speaking on college-nelated topics
at negional and national
confenences, and fnom thepnogramme chains of conf erenceswishing to feature 5lG sPeakens.
flembers who can voiunteer tostaff the CUE desk at regional or
national conferences Pleasecontact Jeffney. Our" Treasurer',
Gail has an announcement in thisissue about renewing CUE
membenship. The Chair would liketo thank all committee membens
for thein hard wor'k in helPing to
make CUE an active and effecLive
organisation,

Komazawa Women's College
Sakahara 238

lnashiro-shi?

Trea surer's

Announcement
A word on renewing yourCUE membership.

The Decemben 1992 issue of
T.L.T stated that "current NSIG membens are remindedthat the Y1000 fee paid

touch with other CUE
membens. lf you would liketo change any of yout^
details, f ill in oniy yoUt^
name and the parts to be changed.

towards newsletter
expenses and so on isannual, and should be
r'enewed when paying
negulan JALT dues".
Aligning our^ JALT and N-StG
dues is an ef f icient,pnactical suggestion. paying

JALT And N-SIG
membenships at the sametime will always ensure oun
currenl membershiP status.
Also as college anduniversity educatons, wemay be able to subnrit our
neceipts f or JALT and N-SlG
dues to our college fonne jmbunsement, cal ling

I am interested in wr^itino
an anticle fon ON CUE aOoui
contracts f or gaik ok.t11ink..ttoshi at national

universities. I would like tohean from other. gaikokuJin
k,t oshi with copies of theircontnacts and questions theywould I ike answened.

Ed: Members are invited t6 use thiscolumn to seek collaboration withevenything'annual dues', At
the veny least, there will
only be one expir'y date totheir nesearch or writing.

nem ember^l

CUF-Tips
I RS Never Forgets
The Amenican lntennal

6ai / -/atkson (Tneasuren)

Membership Database
CUE now has about I 00

membens, Prof essional
details of 43 of theseappean in the current
flembenship Database. An
updated issue is being
planned, so if you faven't

yet f illed in the member'shipquestionnaire, pleaseconsider doing so. (Ther e isa copy in this newsletter,)This will bning you in closer

I

would also be intenested inneaning f nom anyone who
would like to cooperate in
the writing of the ar^ticle.
6i//ian R'ay

Revenue Service announced
it is allowing Amer-icans

living abnoad to, filedelinquent back tax returns
without losing the
US$70,000 per annum

exclusion or having to pay
penalities and/or interest.
To qualif y, write "f iledpensuant to rev. pr^oc. 92-BI"

at the top of your neturn.
Contact the Amenican
Embassy in Totcyo fon more
information. Sharpn bbrpae

tf

CUE AT KOBE

0n Xay Bth and 9th,,Lhe-CUE N SIG was nepnesented at the JALT Spr:ing r93 Confer'ence
in Kobe by Gillian Kay, Wayne Johnson and Gail Jackson. The beautiful city of Kobe
was the ideal location to hold a spnlng confenence. The pnofusion of azaleas lining thestneets and the cosmopolitan atmosphene of the clty was nevitallzing.
Among the Saturday af tennoon presentations we attended were Richard Smith's'.vsvslrznaneqe for^ I azy Peopie: Independent Leanning', where a numben of suggestions were
given to combat the sometimes frustrating expenience of leanning Japanese, and Peter
Wannen's'Extended Famlly Relational Effects on a Bilingual Chlld', where the effects
of using both Japanese and English in the presenten's home on the linguistic
rlorrolnnmonf
nr hiS yOUng SOn Wene pnesented. The afternoon ended With a Well
vl
vvvwlvvrrtvrlu
attended N-SlG Roundtable whene a number of N-SlG Coordinators gave bnief talks onthenrnnoqe2ndvrr\ actlvjties of thein specjai intenest gr^oup. CUE N-SlG was pnesented
Lr rv vvr
vvuv
by Gillian. For those who opted to particlpate, Satur'day evening was topped-off witha Xexican buffet at a near^by nestaur^ant. The N-SlG Coordinatons also met over dinnen
to discuss the nole of the N-SlGs in JALT.
On Sunday, much of our^ time was spent at the CUE N-SlG Hospitality Room table. We
ar'e pleased to nepont that CUE gained nine new membensl lt was exciting to see somuch interest in"the CUE N-SlG, and to have a chance to talk with so many CUE
member's. Also, it was extnemely helpful to talk with othen N-SlG Officens about thevarious duties involved in handllng N-SlG affairs. We are all leanning from each othen,:Kenneth Rose's'Using Authentic Video in the Classnoom: The basics', and EveretteToombsl and Alex Shishin's'Non-Tnaditional Gnaduate Study for'Language Teachens tn
Japan' wene among the pr^esentations we attended on Sunday. The conference
concluded w ith a well-attended panel discussion.

In addition to the many good presentations, othen positive features of the confenence
wene the excellent publishens' displays, inf ormational displays set-up by JALT
National, Chaptens, N-5lGs and Univensity pr'ognams, and the excellent coffee sold
rlrrninntha
nnnf
gnenge- a f'eal ljf e SaVef
vur
vvrrl
tltY
ltrv
!

But per^haps the most valuable aspect of the JALT Spning'93 Confenence was theopportunity to talk to (and laugh with) colleagues tn a relaxed atmosphere about theissues we all encounter as language teachens in Japan. These contacts enrlch the CUE
N-S16. Actua11y, some of the ar^ticles written fon this newsletten c0me fnom contacts
made at the confenencel
JALT gives us the oppontunlty to come together^ as a pnofession, and the N-SlGs glve
us the vehicle to explone oun areas of special pnofesslonai andpe.Lsonal intenest.
Future conferences will only be made betten by our commiLment to attendance andpar.ticipation to show oul suppont and enthusiasm for the professional umbnella that
JALT and the N-SlGs provide us.
6ai/ -/atkson Takayama Junior College

5

Sharing Information through Electronic Mail
Thomas Robb (aka trobb@ksuics.kyoto-su.acjp)

KYoto SangYo Universit], ,.

:The purpose of CIIE is to share information about teaching at the university level inJapan and this newsletter is one means of achieving that goal. Here,I would like tointroduce yet another means -- electronic mail, or "e-mail" for short.

Before going into specifics, a general introduction to e-mail is in order for those notfamiliar wi{r it. First, e-mail is not the same as a fax! A facsimile is a picturecomposed of numerous small dots. Probably close to 100 dots are needed just totransmit the letter'.A" by fax. E-mail sends raw computer data. The letter'A' is sent
as a simple 8-bit code. Further, faxes are sent over regular telephone lines, whilee-mail is sent over a completely separate network that links virtually every major

university,library, company and governmental organization in the world. Faxes costmoney while e-mail, believe-it-or-not, is FREE to many users, perhaps even you!
Each university pays a flat fee for a dedicated telephone line connecting their
computer to that of another university, which, in turn, is connected to yet anotheruniversify, ad infinifitm.. In this manner, a worldwide network universities and otherinstitutions are connected to each other permanently. There are actually two
independent networks, BITNET and the Internet, but they are interconnected;
messages easily move from one network to the other. Many universities areconnected to both.

To use e-mail you sign up at your computer center for an account, which gives you'mailbox' space on the computer and an account number (often your first or lastname) which serves as your address. Alt incoming mail waits in your mailbox until
you 'log on' to read it from a terminal somewhere in your school, or from your own
personal computer via a modem. It costs nothing to transmit a message from a school
terminal, but from home you will have to invest in a modem (about Y30,000) and pay
the normal telephone connection costs to your university's mainframe computer.

But what can e-mail do that faxes or regular mail (called "snail-mail" by e-mail users)6

cannot do? One advantage is that you can send mail virtually instantly to anyone who
has an e-mail account. Secondly, you can share information with a vast number of.....
iike-ininded individuals by sending a single message to a special "list." For example,
TESL-L is the name of a service that emanates from City University of New York, towhich some 1500 ESL/EFL professionals in 49 countries subscribe. In a nutshell, thecomputer at CIlIrfY keeps a list of all of the subscribers. Anytime someone wants to
ask something, reply with their own opinion on a current issue, etc., they need only
send one message to TESL-L in Nerv York. The CI-INY computer then relays themessage to all 1500 users, who can then read it and reply if they have something tocontribute to the conversation.
Recent discussions have focussed on evaluating writing, optimal class size, sfudent

e-mail penpal exchanges, ways to teach vocabulary, grammatical correctness, using
cartoons in class, and world literature in English.

For people looking for jobs or wanting to discuss employment issues, there is anotherlist called 'TESLIB-L" which is the "Jobs and Employment" sub-list of TESL-L,
There are other sublists for CALL, Materials Writers,Intercultural Communication,
Intensive English Programs and several other specialized areas.

A survey of TESL-L subscribers was recently carried out by Jozef Horvath, a member
in Pegs, Hungary. Some of the replies reveal how networking can benefit teachers,

particularly those isolated from other professional contactsOne subscriber answered the question "What do you like best about TESL-L" thus:.I like the networking aspects better than the pure discussions. Networking
gives us a fast, cheap way to exchange information. For example, last year
and this year many people were able to arrange roommates for TESOL andother conferences through contacts on email. It is also a good way t9 learn
about conferences, new textbooks, bibliographic references, new software,and on and on...

Thq answers of three subscribers, to the question 'T{ow has being a member changed

your teaching?" are also instructive:.I have modified some of my techniques in teaching writing as a result.

a. Also, since I teach graduate courses in TESOL, I have been able to learn.

about many valuable resources through the list.

.For me it's the difference between being all alone, and having a chance to
ask for and get advice and ideas. ALL the new ideas I've put into practice in

my classroom have come from here.

.I'm not so sure how much it's changed my teaching, but it does sharpen
one's interest in research, both personal and professional. I'm also inspired
to write on some topics after reading a discussion. In the case of plagerism,

I had started a paper last June, but after the discussion on the list,I changed
the focus to what I see as being a more critical problem.
In addition to being a resource for teachers, e-mail can also be used by your students.
The students in my composition classes at Kyoto Sangyo, lor example, have electronic
penpals in New York, Texas, Hawaii and Hong Kong to whom they write on a regularbasis. For those rvho want to know more, there's a file called '?ENPAL ADVICE"on TESL-L whiih contains basic information on setting up a penpal exchange.

People who do not have access at their own institution are not necessarily left out.
The Private University Computer Association (Shijoukyou) sponsors a service thatallows you to receive an account number. You can access your account from home or
school using your personal computer with a modem, oflten connecting to a local
telephone number through one of the national commercial packet data services. There
are also commercial services which are linked to the Internet such as CompuServe

which you can subscribe to through NiftyServe. Major computer stores sell a sign up

kit for about Y8000.
Learning to use e-mail is not without its frustrations, mind you. There are manydifferent types of computers, and the software that you must learn to de3l with in order
to send and receive mail varies considerably in its ease of use. I[ you have difficulties,
just ask someone else in your school who is more experienced for help. We were all
beginners at one time or another!

Once you have access to either the Internet or Bitnet, you can subscribe to TESL-L ora-ny of the branches by sending a message to: LISTSERV@CU\ryVM.CLINry.EDU

I

your ownwith the following message: suB TESL-L my-fu11-name. Be sure to enterline" blank. Also note that !{STSERV lacks-a final 'e'
full name. Leave the "subject.--.=-t-= - -'.--- that isn't a tYPo!
See you on-line soon!

--ooooo-years but has been fiddling with
Thomas Robb has been using e-rnail for about threeand executive secretary ofcomputers for about twenty years. He is past president
English majors
JALT and is currently on the Executive Board of TESOL. He teaches
at Kyoto SangYo UniversitY.

Some snippets of messages from a single day
Date: Thu,23 Sep 1993 09:31:33 EST
From: FJ7921 <EJ792IAD@ROOT.INDSTATE.EDU>
Subjecfi some musical suggestions

I've had a few queries about what music I actually use in my comp. classrooms and how I use it. So I thought I'dsend out a list with a hopefully brief explanation. . .

Date: Thu,23 Sep 1993 13:35:00 EDT
From: Nicole Keshav <nico1e@RESEARCH.ATT.COM>
Subjecf Evaluations
Charlotte, please tell us about your project to develop a new student evaluation of ESL teachers, and I would like to
see tre results when they are ready. IIas Butte Community College always had an evaluation form, or are you creati
a new one?

Date: Thu,23 Sep 1993 14:16:00 CDT
From: Larissa Zakletskaia <LARISSAZ@MACC.WISC.EDU>
Subject 3 language acquisition

I am a graduate student and I am interested in nniting a paper about the third or fourth language acquisition. Is it thesame as a second language acquisition? Can anyone on a list please give me some references from the available
literature that can be applicable to this topic?

Date: Thu,23 Sep 1993 13:52:45 -0500
From: Michele <MSHEA@SMCVAX.BITNET>
Subject Summary Writing Synopsis
Hello, and thanls to all those who sent replies to my query of last June for help in teaching summary writing. There
were several replies, and many helpful comments. I was able to use some of your ideas in the classroom, and I havesaved the others for future use.

I had beeninterested in the use of video as texl I

an outline technique (derived from more thanSources of Information For Graduate study
Compiled by Monty Vierra
To help those teachers who are interested in^prrr-suing
furtlrer academic study, particularlv
in EFI-' I ha'e prepared tJrg fonowing iirt ot'itrrlrmitioi-so*?s.
ofpartial listing' If vog send othe*or.i*r, care.of"o*#,"iliJ
GEa;;;,'h;ipublished in a future issue.

;ti*o#fuiled-andThis list begins*q Tg,riEral programs that usr:ally require ful1-tirne srudy and goes top ar t- time pro gram

ffi;uYrtr#s, and therr to- ttoo- to ai ti*a= Jirr^#".li#}ig' nro**,"""_l'
only sor:rces, and u.ti"gG--a*r"trnean ttor

"ovd'isl. For ESL/EFL prograrns in the U.S.:
1600 Cameron Street, Suite 300
Alexandria,V A 22314 USA
Tel. 703-836-0774

2. For ESL/EFL programs in the U.K.:
Engli sh Langua ge-Infonnation Unit
The British Ccurcil
10 Spring Gardens
London SW1A 2BN, England IJK

3' For information on traditional programs in other countries, csntact'
your rcspective consulates or you-undErgraduate alma mater.
Fo,r ncrr_-traditional progralns by cor:ntry see #9 &lo*.

4. For non-traclitional programs throughout the world:

Bear's cui€tgESning}o+-Ig$tiorfu Co[ele Degrees, 1lth
editiors byJohn Bear. ISBN:It can *&p{Eog}l!"gla:niya & Man:zen, or directly fron Ten
Speed Press, p O BoxJl23, Berkcley, CA 947d7 USA.-"O-S-gttS-24S-b

Also: John

B""T'ir!frntiog S ervicel

Santa Rosa, CA gSeZ USA
Tel. 7O7-539-6466

5. For programs in Japan run by accrecritecl2 u.s. coileges anrJ
universities:

Colunbia University Teachers College

clo Sirrul Academyl-S-17 Roppongi

Minato-kq Tokyo 106

TeL 03-3592-g}4j,

Univers ity

yamamoto)
clo _Georgetown$awarjular (Attn-: Ms.
Intemational Education Center
5-2-13 Sendagaya
Shibuya-lnr, Tokyo

151.

endorsing

TeL 03-3350-7691
10

Schooi for International Trainine

clo Edmonds Community College J-"p*4-3-5 Ohashi-cho
Nagata-kq Kobe 653

TeL 078-6314860

Temple University JapanTESOL kogramDirector
3-35-2 Takadanobaba

Shinjuku-ku, Tokyo 169

TeL 03-5330-6288

For RSA diplomas in Japan that are run under British auspices:
The AssitentDhector
The British Ccurcil
Cambridge Englisle S chool
2Kagvr:zds l-chon:eShinjuku-kq Tolcyo 162

TeL 03-3235-8011

Language Resources
Taiyo Bldg. 6F
1 -2 Kitanagasa-dori, S-chome
Chuo-kq Kobe 650

Tek 078-382-0394

For other programs in Japan:
JapanTirnes
Educaticrnal kograms
Central P.O. Box 144.352'

Tokyo 100-91

TeL 03-3453-0210

Newport University Japan
Shiga Bldg.
18-1 Shinjulq 2-chrome
Shinjuku-ku, Tokyo 160

TeL 03-359-7635

lvlcKendree College Japan
2-12-3 Yoyogi

Tokyo

TeL 03-3373-8071

8. For external studies in linguistics or teaching EFL:
University of Sr:rrey
Departnent of Linguistic and International Studies
Guildford, Sr:rrey GU2 5)C{, trngland

Tel: 0483- 571281

University of S outhern Qr:eensland
Deparbnent of Higber Edrcation
Post Office Darling Heiglrts
Toowoomba 4350
Queensland,

Tel: 6l-76-312100

UK

Australia

9. For other external programs:
AUSTRALIA
Deakin University
S tudent Administration
Geelong, Victoria 3217
Ar:stralia

Telz 052-27-1190

ll

CANADA

openka:Tilg Agency

82080

PO BoxBurnaby, BC VsC

Cana&

NB: Undergraduare only;

n---.rfl--_'i.
canadians only

6Jg

COSTA RICA
Universidad Es tatal a Dis tancia
Calle 23 B 25, Av. 108
SanJose, Costa

Rica

TeL 25-8788

GERIvIANY
Fernuniversitat
Feithstrasse I52
D-580O, Hagen

Gefnlany

TeL 02331-gO41

The NETHERLANDS
Op.n University of the Netherlands
PO Box 2960
NL-64O1, Heerlen

Netheria::ds

Tel: O45.713334

NEWZEALAND
Massey University
Centre for University Extramural Sntdies

lqyate Bag_11555

NB: Mainly for New Znalandets

Paliberston Nocth
NewZealand

SOUTH AFRICAUNISA
The Registrar (Academic)

University of South Africa
PO Box 392, Preto'ria
South

Africa0001

Tel: 012-42m 4I2I
(postgraduate)

UNITED STATESCalifomia State University - DominguezHiils
1000 E. Victocia Street
TeL 213-516-3743
Carson, CA 9c747
USA ${Aprograminhurnmities)
Edison State College
101 West State
Trentorg
06808-1176

NJ

Street

TeL @9-984-1150

USA (undergradi:ate degrees only)

10. Corresponclence stucly through U. S. universities, colleges andhigh schools:

fne naepenaent Stu*y Catatog, NUCE
Through Correspondenoe S tudy
4th Editic,n, 1989, eds. J.H. Wells & B.C. Ready. ISBN: 0-87866-757-I
Possibly available tbrough ti:e Natimal University Continuing Edr:cation
Association, O4e Dr:pont Circle, Washington, DC, USAtL

11. For possible computer access to the Open University OK):

Open University
WaltonHall
MiltonKey"r:es MK7 6A.A, England tIK
Telnet to ACSVAX.OPEN.AC.UK (137.108.48.127), log in user rrame
ICDL

L2. For Ph.D. programs:
The Fielding h:stinrte
2112 Santa Barbara Street
Santa Barbara, CA 93105-3538 USA

The Union Institute
Admissioru Office
The Crradr:ate School
440 East lvtcMillan S treet
Cincir:nati, OH 45206 -1947 USA
Cf. Bear's Guide and. note 2 b"lo*.
Notes:
1 I hu'tt" seen a copy of tbe kind of infcrrnation p,rovided by this consulting service. It isdetailed covering much more grourd than does the Guide. The report-also included
information on financial aid. The recipient and I agreo that it is a pretty good deal for themoney, apqrolln-ratgly US$50. Rernember, the more the specifrc question you ast the
mo're specific the infcrmation you will receive.
z "Acc:''edihtion" is the system used in the United States to make sure that colleges anduniversities meet certain standards. This system is not nq by the governrnent,-but byregional associations, made qp of tle member colieges and universities. With accreditation
generally goes wider acceptance of a student's work. Noto, thougtq that while someschools may not be accredite4 they may have good programs.
Aclorcwledgements
f9llqrying
contributedtothis list: NelsonEinwaechter, Hirsoshima JALT; Greglhelgop_leJewell, Shizuoka JALT; Paul Stapleton, Hok&aido JALT; Alex Shishin and EveretteToombs, Kobe JALT; The British Cour:cil, Tokyo.
The. compilel,Mgnty Vierra, taught on the English conversation drcuit for five years in Japan.
During that time, he worked on an extermal MA through CalState, Dominguez Hiils. He recbnfly

moved to Taiwan, and be be reacfred at the following address for further information: Kang Nin!
Street, Lane 91, No. 12-3, Chutung 310, Taiwan, ROC. Monty Mena will be giving a presentation
entitled 'Distance Learining Serves Teadrers and Students' on Sunday 1Oth October B - 4pm in
Room 701, JALT'93.

t3

The Plight of Foreign Teachers at National Universities.
Translation and Commentary by Steve McC arty
Kagawa Junior College Professor

JALT Bilingualism N-SIG Chair

An article entitled "National Universities not Internationalizing" (trFfr'fL€* r}trtt+
Kokusarka susumanu kokurifs u daigaku) was seen by millions of readers on May 12, 1gg3 in the
The translation"Bunka" (flO column of the vemacular daily Asahi Shimbun (ff n #ffi)
below consists of direct quotations and paraphrase of the main points. Commentary on the situation,
as it pertains to the role of foreign faculty in Japanese education generally, is identified as such.
"Ten years have transpired since public universities embarked on the road to open regular faculty
positions of Kyoju (#W) , Iokyoju (W*W) and Koshi (ffiffi) to foreigners. Regular faculty(WF Kyoin) have increased to 201, but the road to intemationalization remains distant," according

to staff writer Yoichi Uemaru. The accompanying graph shows that Garkokujin Kyoshi (ti-tr #ffi) , casually hired foreign instructors, often on a one-year contract basis, have also increased from
311 to 364 n that time.
Comment: Regular foreign faculty are called Gaikokujin Kyoin, so there is no escaping categoricaltreatment based on nationality, but the non-classroom roles of an educator are denied by the title

kyoshi or' teacher even while professorial credentials are demanded.
The article goes on to say that nine universities such as Todai and Kyushu U. have all 201 of theregular foreign faculty: 30 Kyoju, 175 Jokyoju and 56 Koshi. Among these are 55 Americans, 35
Chinese and 34 Koreans [including those bom in Japan]. Yet the other 45 out of 54 national
universities and research institutes have none.
"From inside as well as outside Japan the criticism has been raised that scholarship has always beensomething universal transcending national borders."
Comment: If this recognition were to imbue the mission of Japanese universities, it might not benecessary, as the title of the article implies, to equate foreign faculty '.vith intemationalizaticn.
Uemaru writes, inequality remains,Though the above consideration inspired the 1982

law,

particularly with regard to the terms of employment. At only a few national universities is the tenure
track open to foreigners, which has provoked strong criticism.
Comment: A contract is not to be welcomed in this country, as it provides not for job security but for
the next turn of the revolving door.

Out of about 37,000 national university faculty, the above-mentioned20l represent a mere 0.5Vo.
By comparison, at private universities almost 3Vo of.I,466 regular faculty members are foreigners.
,'Ar Jochi Daigaku (Sophia U.) which has cosmopolitanism (trFAtS kokusaisef as its distinctive
feafure, 118 out of533 regular faculty are foreigners."
At national universities foreigners enter a system where the number of slots is limited by law. The
question has always been whether posts would be passed to foreigners at Japanese universities whereItrthe sense of factional affiliation and cultivating connections based on cornmon academic origins (+ffi+ /1ffi. gakubarsu ya jimmyaku) is strong. Prof. Kazuyuki Kitamura is quoted as saying, "unless the-mostly their own graduates is broken down, letting in a breeze from outside,
prediSposition to hire

universities will not intemationalize."
Comment: The next subheading uses non-standard Japanese, perhaps ironically, in emphasizng"Even now, 'hired gun' treatment." The word suketto is a bit outdated but is sometimes applied toforeign pro baseball players. The Chinese character for assistance is normally followed by hiragana@l c L) , but here the final syllable is changed back into the character for person (ffi. )v) ,(H ) or amateur.
Further commenr: Part-time insrructors (tFH9lffiffi HijokinKosh0 including Japanese nation-

as is standard for example in the word shiroto

als are also a kind of sukeffo, hired to teach courses the regular faculty cannot cover. There is noaltemative but to hire outside people of lower status to play a limited role, hence the irony ofelevating the hiragana to a person.
Mombusho decides the quota for each national university, Uemaru continues. Among the temporary
hires are not a few Japan veterans. Their experience and achievements are valued, so their contracts
are extended. But centering around these veterans, Mombusho sent shock waves through national
universities by requesting concrete hiring plans, that is, to specify when contracts terminate.

Foreign instructors hearing of this asked, "Why can't we be seen as anything but gaijin 01" 4 ,7)?
Isn't internationalization to see people as individual human beings?" Domestic sources added that it
could have international repercussions to cut foreign intellectuals familiar with Japan in order to saveon personnel costs."
Regarding this a Mombusho spokesman said, "With budgets limited, if the same educational
outcome results, we want them to hire young people" who cost less. It is not a directive to terminate
contracts, he explained, but rather to scrutinize automatic extensions.
The reporter finalty asks whether or not the suketto role of foreign teachers unchanged since the

Meiji Period is suitable to the present age.
:.
daigaku) were enabted by(trtf.
kokkorifsu
Jt+
Concluding comment: All public universities
the 1982law to grant tenure to foreign faculty, but the option has been implemented at only nine top
national universities. Foreign educators need to articulate the case, preferably in Japanese, thatexperience does result in better education as well as professional and community level involvement.

Nevertheless, the article reviewed here could be important as a sort of gaiatsu (fi'El
embarrassing the govemment into doing the right thing or discontinuing the wrong thing.

t5

Found in Translation
SPECIAL PROVISORY LAW FOR THE EI-lPLOYMENT OFFOREIGN FACULTY IN NATIONAL AND PUBLIC
ury I vERS I Tt ES

Enacted September l,

l9gj. Law *rg9

Article 1:n{;.law is to perrrit tlre employrnent_of fo'reigrrers as faculty at national and,publig, universities for the P-urposes of educatioq the advancement of resear"f,contribution to international exhange in academia.

*afuticle 2:
Clause 1:
National and.public ruriversities uray enrploy foreigners- those not possessine
nationality, a s kyg-Ju- gofes s oi>, jokyOj, <as sociate
Iry31rqt"fi ;;;;?
koshi <lecturer>; here on all shall be referreh to ai tcyoin <**ityi.
Clause 2:

Ky6.q -\oempioyed in accordance with clause 1 roay not be obstnrcted. frosr
participating"ry
T ry ry6j"1gi or other administrative and decisior *"ti"g i;"di;;of the university for the given reason *rat they are foreigners.
Clause 3:
Thc employment period of kyoin employed in accordaace with clause 1 is to be
determined according to the administrative organisation of the univeruitl. --Article 3:
Clause 1:
Ilrstitutions goverred by fte National University Establishrnent Law ffokgritsu-Gatrcco Secchi Ho) may employ foreigners as staff to offer advioe ot *.*oenquirieslo lhq staffor chiefs of bodies within tbe institutionrcgarding important
rnatters of adninis tration
Clause 2:
The provisions me_ntioned in Article 2; clause 3 shall apply to those hired as staff
in the preeding-claryg. In this case, 'the administrativi-organisation of trre
r:niversity' rnentioned in Article 2;-clause 3 shall be read to-mean'those possessing
appointive powffs according to Mombusho Law,.

Article 4:
Foreigners pursuing education or research shall not be obstructed from gaining
ernployrnent according to the contractual terms of the Governrnent Offr&ah dct.
6okka Kosruin Ho).

t6

ADDENDTJN{-

These laws shali be enacted from the date of publication.

The'administrative organisation of the r:niversity' mentior:ed in Article 2;-clause 3, shat! be assumed for a given period pftirne to be the galarcho inaccordance with the hyogikai .Board 6f Trustees>.

Translator's notes- These laws have been amencled since their first introduction in 1993 and its

trxesent contents are c'trrent fromJuly lst, 1992.

- Regarding Article 3; clause 1, this clause is rather vague and seems to imlpy
that foreigners may be employed outside tlle scope of ky6in. My gr:ess is that thisprobably refers to research institutes attached to the university.

- Regarding futicle 4, all empioye€s of national and public universities are
considered to be govemrnent employees. To work for the govefirrnent, one must
be a Japaneso citizen. The pr:rpose of this clause is to circumvent this law.
The translatq and the r:ewsletter welc-ome any qr:estions, quandaries, comments,
criticisms or flrmours regarding this translation and any h:own application of its
contents. These laws appear to be an abbreviation of a longer law. Please beadvised that from the standpoint of jursprudence, the laws written in the Japanese
language carry weight in the corrts.
Translated by Miclnel H. Fox, Hyogo Women's College.

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academia, and ciu3exi_.l"rcserirth aiia-ii?6ti eluEiiibn:, .The'setection-froteSi
ress toro stagdatestasn4lg o1.theon,tne . ;.Tnd'iCteiii6h*fro6itl
for,h11i,{fli*the."qyi,i.,o'it:fl..'rdrt<rrio;...
br;;p;urc3jr"cogr,
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shiiurd-be an .o,p9ii'tiie,.l,iirbiirii'trrat gu,'dtl;te;;ftilondiict'=rgea'-sihobtd'io piict'^ in'u,rti"n"a-aiurc"tecours6s for,ph.D,,isrude{ti.;ftgm-" ttrg[alifilv-!.o,rmry4 knowredge
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iridrii than bne iristitu: ;:,53O' rdin!'to thi idijort. The gioul-': .,5J{f,;'$;;!1!i;iiilt;+"ffistoirdu[r=siid ,.fre.h,rouiiii#$i." advised schools to let up selictioir n""a"aio_tr"tp*a;i-i,ilifULqlhtprp"ithe reptirt crilr. ctimmittees ttrut,"rro*-itr"g--ifiy.. ffi;;* jobs-fulfill..thci5pdugatiq'Lal,itoworkharderiohire 'cvaluations'ofapplicants. ' . j:.,-;'' il;;;achaneinsworld-.-.,J;'.:::fl:j;positiors'':rTiilil.l;itrt'Xl,T"'fu*#iiil"rl","TTitiTlt*'u";ir:1,.r'v.'rJ yrvrv!university
profes- ureurj.rl
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ises universities universities, incfuding one rhar went icadJ*"i"*Lgilii;lili'igg-i :;;'oveFeas'-dime'""i;;l?

BOOK REVI EW

by Charles l. Kelly & Lawnence(papenback, A4 size)

Kehby.

l99l 217pp y2000

Reviewed by 6ail Jackson, Takayama Junior College

At the JALT'95 spring confenence in Kobe, I was fortunate tomeet Lany Kelly, English converation instnucton at Aichi
lnstitute of rechnology, Toyota city. A few days later
received a copy of his textbook, "pr-actical rhings',, coauthoredwith his brother, Charles.
I"Practical rhings" is a textbook divided into f ifteen sections
and designed for^ college level beginner to intermediate Enqlishconvensation ciasses. Although the text focuses on theinterests of college age learners, it is curnenily being used inhighschool classes to prepane students for homestays abnoad,and I have used the book in a conver'sation class at a
community education program. The book uses American
Eng I i sh.

Larny necognises that all teaching matenials require theteachen to make some compr omises- that is to adapt themateriai to the learners' levels of ability and motivation. This
text is no exception, but a topical format, rathen than a lesson
for-mat, makes it easy for" the teacher to be pnescriptive inmatching the material to the interests of the students. For
example, the 'Travel survival' section is ideal for students ofany age planning to go abr'oad f or travel or homestay. Thissection could be easily expanded into a mini-course, using
supplementary games and activities. The back of the booti isactually a checken-board which can be used to teach students
an Engiish game. A handout sheet with typed-up rules isprovi ded.
Having gnown up in Japan, Larny and charles have used theirunique perspective to tailor the activities to ref lect theJapanese cultunal frame of reference. For example, theactivity 'American customs' states that when meetingsomeone 'questions about age, weight, salary or why a personr8

is not married, are considened too personal'. Many of theactivities r:efer to experiences ('Trip to Nara') and situationg('Train Station') that students can really nelate to. Japanese
students can really f eel at home using this textbook.

,

The 'Discussion' section creatively presents topics such as'Family', 'Classroom' and 'Video Rental Shop' using open ended
questions as well as close ended compnehension questions toengage students at different ability levels. The 'manga'- like
illustrations, contnibuted by the author's animation club
students, are humorous, but occasionally stereotypical.
However, the effect jS attention getting!
Thene are also sections dedicated to drill and practice andbasic skill acquisition. 'Getting Personal', 'Pair Practice' and'Functioning in English' will help develop the basics. There isalso a'Wniting'section for integration of writing skills into a
cohversation curriculum.

Finally, "Practical Things" stands up to the 'English teachin$ inJapan tests of f ire!' We all recognise 'those moments...' before
class when you need a quick plan... when you look out at your"sleeping students and realise'l need to go in a different
direction with this lesson nowl'... when YOU feel the need for adose of something fresh and new. "Pnactical Things" hasnescued me at such critical moments.

The authors developed "Pnactical Things" in their own search
for a'user fniendly' textbook. lt can be the basis for an entire
conver'sation course, or a supplementary resource. The highly
f lexible array of ideas and activities allows the teachen
fneedom to choose. I had been searching for such an adaptableand'fun to use'resource. "Thanks to a chance meeting at the
Kobe Spring Conference, my sealch is overFon more information about Pnactical 'Things for lmprbving
Your Conversational Ability please contact the authons:

Lawrence Kelly and Charles Kelly
P.0 Box 94, Higashi - Ku
Nagoya, Japan 461
Tel: 052 932 4020l?

How High is the Glass Ceiling?
(contributed by wi.iletta wyattsitva, phD)

one of the motivating factor-s that has red totheof cUE is the yearning of professionars to becomedeveropment
fuil,
contributing partners in the Japanese educational
endeavour.
However', it is apparent that there u.. ,un/bannjers
thatprohibit access to egalitarian participation.
These barniers
can severely modify professional productivity
creating what iscommonry known in business management as
the grass-.uiring.

As oun onganisation systematically attempts toaddness thosebar"riens, it is herpfur to undenstand the dirf icurties
that thosein the conporate sector^ have expenienced in confrontinf
ir.,."
glass ceiling. A keen observer of this phenomenon
isLester.
Thur^ow, one of America's most infruentiar economists,
andDean of xlT's sloan school of flanagement. ln
his latest book,"Head to Head" ( l), he commentson the natune of management
pnactices common to U.s and Japanese business.
He notes thedirricurties that American businessmen have in becomingi.'u,piayers, based on the numben of managers
rrotoing top
pos it ions:

sixty-nine pencent of the senior manager-s of Japanesesubsidiaries in Amenica ane Japanese (2). rn .ont.u.i,
only twenty percent of senion managers of American
subsidiaries in Japan ane Amenican. Amenicanmanagens
wonking f or Japanese f irms usuaily f ind thatther e iJ a'
promotion ce!ring beyond which they cannot
go, Even theJapanese l"linistry of International irade
and Industr^ysees the ceiling.
The perceived excrusion from decision making
andstrategic pianning, the absence of. training andmanagement deve.lopment prognams and theappar-entof caneer opportunities discounage even the most royaLrack
and detenmined (foreign) individuars from rong-term
c.mmitment to the (Japanese) company,.. whire it
isdoubtful that the full integration of overseas executives
into the management infrastructure of the pu..ni
company is possibre without some degnee of famiriarity
with the Japanese ranguage, effor-ts t6 rearn the runguug.

20were n0t neally appreciated (by the Japanesecompanies)... flost Japanese f irms recruit U.S executive
or senior managers without negard to the individual's
caneer aspiration, or without a longtenm plan as to whatthese individuals may do in the future. (i)To put it bluntly, Americans aren't par't of the Japanese
team. (4, 5) They hit the 'glass ceiling' earlier, and even
if they technically hold top positions, they often don't
have the decision-mat<,ing power that they would have inan American firm, (6)Ed: lt is inter^esting to note the parallels between the businessand educational wor'lds. Foreign teachers in Japanese colleges
may also find that they hit the glass ceiling early, or never
have the opportunity to explone its heights.
References(1) ' Thurrow, Lester 1992
Head To Head

William l"lorrow & Company N.Y N.Y p121-122

Q) flof fat, Susan 1990

Should You Work for the Japanese?
Fortune, December 3. p 107(3) Pucik, Vladimir 1990
Amenican l"lanagens, Japanese bosses
Journal of Japanese Trade and lndustny No.6: 40(4Noble, Kenneth I 9BB
American Executives Finding out about Japaneseflanagement as Employees
The New Yor k Times, January 24th.

(5) Fucini, Joseph J & Fucini, Suzy 1990
Working for the Japanese
New York Pness, New York p I(6) Culture Shock at Home: Working for a Foreign BossBusiness Week, Dec lTth 1990 pBl

2l

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TOYAMA CTTY
JAPAN 930{1Please wriue legiblY Eo ensure
Ehe accuracY of Your daLabase
informaEion. Then Please return:'Membership Database Questionnaire
Name

HOME Address (optional

FAX-e-Mail

Telephone
Name of institution

Deoartment

Facul

WORK Address
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Best Way to Contact You

Title of your position (circle)

Kyojulprofessor sennin koslrilassistant professor

J o lq oj ul associate pro fessor

gaikokujinlqoshtlforeigninstructor otherIs your institution (circle)

2yr I 4yr

national / private / pubiic

Non-Japanese sponsor or affiiiation ?

If your institution has a particular emphasis, i.e., nursing, social work, technology, pleasestate it:S ubjects/Classes

taughtPosition held

Name of JALT chapter

To what other JALT N-SIG (s), if any, do you belong, and state any official position(s) you
may hold within it (them)?
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you would