In Memoriam: Professor Arthur E. Bergles (1935–2014), the Pioneering Advocate of Enhanced Heat
Transfer and Energy Conservation

1“Day after day, day after day, /We stuck, nor breath nor motion; /As idle as apainted ship /Upon a painted ocean. //Water, water, everywhere, /And all theboards did shrink; /Water, water, everywhere, /Nor any drop to drink.” The Rimeof the Ancyent Marinere, in Seven Parts by the English poet Samuel Taylor
Coleridge, written in 1797–1798 and published in the first edition of LyricalBallads, W. Wordsworth and S. T. Coleridge, printed for J. & A. Arch, etc.,London, 1798 (also see later edition published by Duckworth, London, 1920).
2In fact, the present day advanced enhancements represent a third-generation heattransfer technology [2], with exciting new frontiers yet to be explored and isindeed a growing field [3] that has in essence truly been defined by Professor
Bergles.
Contributed by the Heat Transfer Division of ASME for publication in theJOURNAL OF HEAT TRANSFER. Manuscript received June 17, 2014; final manuscript
received June 17, 2014; published online October 27, 2014. Assoc. Editor: Terry
Simon.

Journal of Heat Transfer

Art started his academic career at MIT, first as Research Staff
at the National Magnet Laboratory, and in 1963 as the Ford Assistant Professor in Mechanical Engineering before moving to theGeorgia Institute of Technology as Professor in 1969. In 1972, hebecame Chair of Mechanical Engineering at Iowa State University(ISU) and was named the Anson-Marston Distinguished Professorof Engineering in 1981. After stepping down as chair in 1983, hecontinued to direct the Heat Transfer Laboratory at ISU until his
move to Rensselaer Polytechnic Institute (RPI) in 1986. At RPI,he was appointed Clark and Crossan Professor of Engineering andlater served as Dean of Engineering (1989–1992), but in 1997, ill
health forced him to retire. In the preceding year, he was felicitated with a Festschrift [4] and a 2-day symposium in his honor at
Georgia Tech. Even in his so-called “retirement,” however, Artremained very active as the Clark and Crossan Professor of Engineering, Emeritus, at RPI, with an adjunct appointment as Glenn
L. Martin Institute Professor of Engineering at the University ofMaryland, and as Senior Lecturer in Mechanical Engineering atMIT. He continued to write papers, give seminars, interact withresearchers around the world, travel to conferences, and muchmore, and would often remark, “I’m still doing what I was doing
before I retired, but now I don’t get paid for it.”
Art’s research in heat transfer was multifacetted and multidisciplinary and covered a variety of engineering systems and allmodes of heat transfer processes. Most significantly, in his pioneering and extensive work on enhanced heat transfer, many of
his fundamental experimental and theoretical investigations werealways conducted in the context of practical applications, and theneed to move research results to industrial practice. He was a very
early investigator of, and advocate for, improved microelectronics
cooling. He worked in boiling, condensation, and laminar and turbulent single-phase flows, and his passion for fundamental andapplied research was further anchored by a strong interest in history; he wrote several papers on the history of heat transfer [5].
Besides his many seminal, ground breaking original research
articles, his writings also included numerous well-received review
papers that provided guidance for other researchers who wereseeking newer directions.
Relative to this latter effort and highlighting Art’s conviction ofencouraging younger colleagues and for ensuring a meaningful
future of heat transfer education and research, he and the late Professor Warren Rohsenow (MIT) very generously endowed andestablished the Bergles–Rohsenow Young Investigator in Heat
Transfer Award in 2003. This ASME society-level annual award
has been given to 10 outstanding young professors to date. Moreover, Art and Penny endowed the Bergles Professorship in Thermal Science in 1997 in the Department of Mechanical Engineering at Iowa State University to attract or retain an outstanding
senior faculty member. This shared commitment to scholarshipand research, with gifts from friends, faculty, colleagues, and corporations, also led to the endowment of the Dr. Arthur E. Bergles
Scholarship in 1996 upon the occasion of his retirement from
Rensselaer. His passion for education and fostering the careers ofyoung scientists is eminently reflected in the fact that he was an advisor for 82 thesis students, and that he also volunteered his time toserve on numerous fellowship and award selection committees. Art’sresearch with students and colleagues resulted in more than 400papers, 26 books, and over 400 invited lectures around the world.
Art Bergles was acknowledged as one of the world’s leading
experts in the thermal sciences, and numerous honors, awards,

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To accentuate the imperatives oftackling the multitude of engineering aswell as socio-economic issues attendant
to the energy–water nexus, he would often paraphrase the dilemma of the poetSamuel T. Coleridge,1 “Energy andwater everywhere, but not a drop…….”
The viability of heat transfer, and therefore enhancement or augmentation ofheat transfer, in addressing the engineering challenges of this “energycrisis,” to use the popular idiom of the1970 s, was foremost on his mind, andhe tirelessly advocated the need for conservation along withresearch and application of advanced enhancement techniques inall heat and mass transfer systems. Because of his own pioneeringwork, which was extensive and spanned the spectrum of verysmall (micro/miniscale heat sinks, compact exchangers, etc.) tovery large (power boilers, steam condensers, refrigerant heatexchangers, etc.) thermal systems, the field of heat transfer
enhancement grew rapidly [1] and came to be regarded globally
as a second-generation heat transfer technology.2 Arthur E. Bergles, or Art as he was known to us and his multitude of friends
and colleagues all over the world, passed away on Monday, March17, 2014, after an extended battle with a malignant brain tumor.
He was 78 and leaves us a legacy of an exemplary, more than
five-decades-long career marked with educational innovations,seminal and path breaking scientific contributions, and extensive
professional service.
Art was born in New York City on August 9, 1935, to Edward
and Victoria Bergles, who had immigrated to the USA from Austria. A self-taught engineer, Edward and his family moved toRhinebeck, NY, where he completed building a hydroelectric
power plant in 1938, which ran almost continuously for 47 years,
with Art’s help, producing 25 kW power; clearly Art’s introduction to and interest in engineering developed at a very early age.
After schooling at a one-room schoolhouse, and subsequently theRhinebeck Central School System, where he graduated as a valedictorian and earned his Eagle Scout, Art joined Massachusetts
Institute of Technology (MIT) in 1953 to study Mechanical Engineering. At MIT, he received his combined SB and SM degrees in
1958, and subsequently his Ph.D. in 1962, all in Mechanical Engineering, with an intervening year spent as a Fulbright Scholar atthe Technical University in Munich, Germany. While at MIT, hemet his future wife, Priscilla (Penny) Maule, who was then working in the Magnet Laboratory, and they got married in 1960. He
earned his P.E. (Mechanical Engineering) in the State of Massachusetts in 1965.

120101-2 / Vol. 136, DECEMBER 2014

and Penny had celebrated their 50th wedding anniversary on June
19, 2010, and while he was also an avid golfer and enjoyed driving his vintage Corvette, they had shared interests in swimming,snorkeling, skiing, and gardening. He was always in the midst ofchange, embraced it, and engaged in it with remarkable alacrity.
More than a decade ago, while equating his life’s journey with theart of riding a bicycle, he had commented that “if you do not keep
peddling, you will fall.” He surely pedaled far in a truly exceptional and inspirational journey; RIP Arthur E. Bergles!

References[1] Bergles, A. E., and Manglik, R. M., 2013, “Current Progress and New Developments in Enhanced Heat and Mass Transfer,” J. Enhanced Heat Transfer, 20(1),pp. 1–15.
[2] Bergles, A. E., 1999, “Enhanced Heat Transfer: Endless Frontier, or Mature andRoutine?,” J. Enhanced Heat Transfer, 6(2–4), pp. 79–88.
[3] Manglik, R. M., Dongaonkar, A. J., and Rajendran, S., 2013, “The Limitations ofCompiling the Global Literature on Enhanced Heat and Mass Transfer,”
J. Enhanced Heat Transfer, 20(1), pp. 83–92.
[4] Manglik, R. M., and Kraus, A. D., 1996, Process, Enhanced and Multiphase
Heat Transfer, Begell House, New York.
[5] Bergles, A. E., 1981, “Heat in History: Two-Phase Flow and Heat Transfer,1756–1981,” Heat Transfer Eng., 2(3–4), pp. 101–114.
[6] Jensen, M. K., Manglik, R. M., Bar-Cohen, A., Hartnett, J. P., and Minkowycz,W. J., 1996, “Professor Arthure E. Bergles on his 60th Birthday,” Int. J. Heat
Mass Transfer, 39(10), pp. 2007–2008.
[7] Manglik, R. M., 2001, “A Pioneer, Advocate, and Articulator of the Science andEnginceering of Enhanced Heat Transfer: Professor Arthur E. Bergles on His
65th Birthday,” J. Enhanced Heat Transfer, 8(2), pp. 73–76.
[8] Manglik, R. M., Hartnett, J. P., and Minkowycz, W. J., 2006, “Professor Arthur
E. Bergles on his 70th Birthday,” Int. J. Heat Mass Transfer, 49(3–4), pp.
447–448.
[9] Manglik, R. M., Bar-Cohen, A., Jensen, M. K., Ravigururajan, T. S., Salmon, W.
C., de Carvalho, R. D. M., Belden, D. L., and Minkowycz, W. J., 2010, “In Celebration of the Seventy-Fifth Birthday of Professor Arthur E. Bergles,” Int. J.
Heat Mass Transfer, 50(21–22), pp. 4341–4342.

R. M. Manglik
ASME Fellow
University of Cincinnati,Cincinnati, OH 45221-0072
M. K. Jensen
ASME Fellow
Rensselaer Polytechnic Institute,Troy, NY 12180
A. Bar-Cohen
ASME Honorary Member
University of Maryland,College Park, MD 20742
Z. H. Ayub
ASME Fellow
Isotherm, Inc.,
Arlington, TX 76001

Transactions of the ASME

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and felicitations marked his distinguished career. Besides being
elected to the NAE (1992), he was also inducted in the Polish Society of Theoretical and Applied Mechanics (1987), UK Royal
Academy of Engineering (2000), Academy of Sciences and Artsof Slovenia (2001), and Italian National Academy of Sciences(2003). He was Fellow of the ASME, AAAS, AIChE, ASEE, and
ASHRAE, and associate Fellow of AIAA; was awarded four honorary professorships (University of Ljubljana, Slovenia, 1997;
Technical University of Denmark, 1998; Beijing Polytechnic University, 2001; and St. Petersburg State Polytechnic University,Russia, 2008); and received Honorary Doctorates from the University of Porto, Portugal (1998), Rand Afrikaans University,
South Africa (1999), and Sapienza – Universita di Roma, Italy(2009). He was honored with all the major awards in heat transfer
that included the ASME Heat Transfer Memorial Award, AIChE
D. Q. Kern Award, ASME-AIChE Max Jakob Award, ICHMT Luikov Medal, Nusselt–Reynolds Prize, ITherm Achievement Award,
ASHRAE’s F. Paul Anderson Medal and Holladay Distinguished
Fellow Award, and the International SFT Award by the French
Thermal Society, among many others. Underscoring the very highesteem that his many friends and colleagues held for Art, he wasfelicitated multiple times in celebration of his birthdays [6–9] andextensive contributions to research, education, and service.
Not only did Art pursue education and research passionately
but he also gave back to the community by being very active in
professional organizations. He was named a Life Member of
ASEE and ASHRAE, and 50-Year Member of ASME. Moreover,some of his achievements and recognitions in professional service
included: President of ASME (1990–1991); Honorary Member of
ASME (1996) (its highest recognition); ASME Medal (2000);
ASME Board of Governors; and ASEE Benjamin Garver Lamme
Medal (1987), among others. He served a 6-year term as theNational Research Council (NRC) Liaison for the Mechanical Engineering Section of the NAE. He was a regular member of theNRC panel to select Ford Doctoral Fellows, a member of the Visiting Committee in Mechanical Engineering at Maryland, a member of the Engineering Advisory Committee at the University ofConnecticut, chaired numerous committees in ASME, AIChE,ASHRAE, ASEE, ICHMT, and the National Science Foundation,and served as editor or editorial board member of virtually all theprominent archival journals in heat transfer and thermal scienceengineering. Moreover, He served on the Board of Directors ofthe MIT Club of Cape Cod for 4 years, cochaired the MIT Classof 1957 50th Reunion, and was elected President of the Class. Art
also served as the President of the Osterville, MA, Rotary Clubfor 2010–2011. In an insightful reflection of the past and contemporary times for thermal sciences and engineering, Art had constantly held “the future to be bright for heat transfer,” and especially for enhancement of heat transfer, as the essential role of theassociated advanced research and engineering is unquestionable
in the renewed global urgency of addressing energy and energy–
water nexus issues.
On a more personal note, Art Bergles is survived by his wife
Penny, two sons (Eric and Dwight), and five grandchildren. Art