Does environment affectmode choice of Yokohama
citizens?
- Looking from a point of slope of the city
Hyewon Namgung, Nur Diana Safitri, Li Shuangjin
Hiroshima University-Team B

INTRODUCTION• Yokohama (横浜) is Japan's second largest
city and the most populous municipality ofJapan.
• Area : 437.4 km²• It lies on Tokyo Bay, south of Tokyo, inthe Kantō region of the main islandof Honshu. It is a major commercial hub of
the Greater Tokyo Area.
• Even this city is very large city, the portionof elderly people is about 24%2INTRODUCTION

3• To make a sustainable city, new policy for the city is needed• Understand the transportation behavior of the residents• Also understand the environment factor and peopleʼs mode
choice and their actual utility of the mode

4MODE CHOICE BY GENDER
CarBusRailBicycle

Walk

100%
90%
80%

% NUMBER

70%
60%
50%
40%
30%

Car

20%
10%0%Female

MaleGENDER

5MODE CHOICE BY AGE
CarBusRailBicycle

Walk

100%
90%
80%

% NUMBER

70%
60%
50%
40%
30%

Car

20%
10%
0%
<3030-40

40-50
AGE>50OD of Yokohama residents

6

OBJECTIVE

7

Objective:• To determine travel behavior between actual and predicted behavior.
MNL for Mode
ChoiceCarTrain
Bike

WalkVariable

Bus

DescriptionAge

1 = > 40 years old;
0 = othersMale

1 = male;0 = others

Travel Time

Continuous variable

Slope

Continuous variable

Fare

Continuous variable

MNL

8

Model Equation (Overall):Vcar= 0.0572 - (0.0101*Xtime) + (0.1030*Xmale)

Vtrain= 0.0410 - (0.0101*Xtime) + (0.0669*Xmale) + (0.0015*Xfare)

Vbike= 0.7424‒ (0.0101*Xtime) + (0.5174*Xmale) - (0.0013*Xslope) (0.0003*Xdistance)Vbus= -0.6951 ‒ (0.0101*Xtime) + (0.0015*Xfare)Vwalk= -(0.0101*Xtime) - (0.1076*Xmale) - (0.0299*Xslope)Deviation of Predicted and Actual Mode
ModePredicted

Actual

Car

74

512

Bike

499

211

Rail

528

528

Bus

041

Walk

89230

MNL
C1 Constant (Car)
C2 Constant (Train)
C3 Constant (Bike)
C4 Constant (Bus)Time
Male (Car)
Male (Train)
Male (Bike)
Male (Bus)
Slope (Bike)
Slope (Walk)Distance (Bike)
Fare
Sample size
LL0LL1
rho-squareadjusted rho-square

9
Estimate
0.05720.04100.7424-0.6951-0.0101
0.10300.06690.5174-0.1076-0.0013-0.0229-0.00030.0015ALLt value
0.61100.40076.9113-8.7955-9.3909
0.95460.60934.5696-1.1333-0.4127-6.8366-8.14386.48881522-2449.57-1977.83
0.193
0.187

***
***
***

***

***
***
***

AGE >40
Estimate t value-0.1630 -0.7225
0.54682.36501.79377.4835-6.3777 -98.6128-0.0476 -12.7132
1.9375 13.8583
1.9562 14.4814
0.77544.79633.1749 16.7980
0.00210.4720-0.0022 -0.5229-0.0005 -6.0517
0.0003
1.1650564-1541.84-911.572
0.409
0.400

*
***
***
***
***
***
***
***

***

AGE <=40
Estimate t value-0.9781 -2.2335-0.7863 -1.8081
0.99281.9348-0.4896 -1.2920-0.0087 -5.9679
3.26386.52351.8074
3.52730.77931.46041.6211
3.48200.00260.3154-0.0090 -2.0493-0.0007 -3.7428
0.00071.6338958-907.723-601.806
0.337
0.323

*.
.
***
***
***
***
*
***

Conclusion and Future work

10- Slope of the roda really affects to the mode choice, especially for walking- Especially, middle age or older are affected more
- Therefore, it would be important to see older peopleʼs aspect toward slopechange and their mode choice- Also, as the residents show high actual utility in walking, need to make awalkable environment in the city

Thank you