特定非営利活動法人


ヒマラヤ保全協会

第 16 回 山岳エコロジースクール報告書〜ネパール・ヒマラヤのエコツアー〜
テーマ「環境保全-世界の屋根ヒマラヤを守れ！-」

ç Í
I.

o Y } k ...................................................................................................... 4II.

ƱƲÑ¡Ö¢ÖÏgˇ

`HTh?

` H T h ....................................... 61.

³ · Ö Ï n ̏ ʖ h Þ ʭ Ͷ ʦ  ʎ ş X ` H .......................................................... 62.

̏ʖhn΋

3.

ɕɈ¼ÑÍÅhȓİkdHfˇ

4.

³ · Ö Ï n ʥ ɽ  þ δ X j M  ê ɿ X ` H ....................................................... 6

5.

³·ÖÏnƔɏÕȚ̊kdHfˇ

6.

͎ H ʝ M X ` H .......................................................................................... 77.

̏ Ĥ  ̨ d } ˀ X ` H ................................................................................. 7III.

º  Ö Ï ¯ Ò Ö  n ˳ ɉ -­ Ö § ¾ Ö ¢ - ......................................................... 81.

ʗ N ʮ n Ŝ Τ ʓ .......................................................................................... 8

ŎH?ɮȤkdHfˇ

` H .................................................... 6` H .......................................................... 6` H .......................................................... 7ʜ̚n`}nʗNʮnŜΤʓμSξρν .................................................................................... 82.

¸ Ã Í É Ĉ ě Ľ ø n ɽ ĳ ............................................................................... 8NbhˤʣV`̖ʮ̨ƔμHξυν .................................................................................... 8¸ÃÍÉĈěĽønȓİnǳĮă̨`μNξσν ................................................................... 83.

Ɨ Ț ......................................................................................................... 9
United Missions kƹȚh³·ÖÏìnȘƗμSξςν ...................................................... 9ȦɀìoʹïȚǙLόμHξων .............................................................................................. 94.

Ã   ¢ ® n d } G h ................................................................................. 9Ã¢®MɨX`d}GhμSξσν .................................................................................... 95.

Ɣ ɏ ....................................................................................................... 10°Ï©ÈÓ 1 Ȧʿ?Ɣɏ̨Ɣ?̘̺nėʥh³·ÖÏnȚ̊kdHfμNξυν .................... 10
hziHɯŖnƔɏ̨ƔμHξφν......................................................................................... 10ƔǂKIUhkʉƪZʥǙμSξτν ............................................................................... 106.

° Ï © È Ó Ʉ n ʥ ɽ Ȟ ķ ............................................................................. 10ʡūnȞķhkLPþδZμNξ1ν ................................................................................ 10ʪƆnǔĬĤȂo³·ÖÏ~Ȧɀ~ŏYμHξρπν ............................................................. 11ÚɄ vs ÛɄόλμHξχν ................................................................................................... 11Ʉnɣ͢ŎǴμSξχν .......................................................................................................... 11
˚Ίnɟ̌UhkȅdżǷμSξφν ...................................................................................... 11ɄnìhnÄÖ¬ÓgʥnŸMNR`μNξχν ............................................................. 12³·ÖÏn̗̄nǯHμSξρςν ......................................................................................... 12°Ï©ÈÓɄnìAMȦAnʥɽg;̩ZThμSξων .................................................... 127.

À Ö Å ¢ ¬  ........................................................................................... 12
ƪX°Ö¶¢jĚɄhÀÖÅ¢¬ėnƜȤhnģøHμHξτν ......................................... 12ÀÖÅ¢¬ėnƜȤμSξυν ............................................................................................. 13ŽZOĕǎƉƈn͂hoμHξψν ..................................................................................... 13°Ï©ÈÓ 2 ȦʿȞķnͲHƙǫX`μNξφν ................................................................ 13ǽιX`μNξψν .......................................................................................................... 13̏ĤnɄkͣePh¬Ó8.

ËÓMÚM »ÄL̨ÅÍˍønƒŪμSξψν .............. 14« Ö Î £ Å .............................................................................................. 14³·ÖÏì~ΞŦì~Ȧɀì~̐YÈÎÓÁÖμHξρν................................................ 14ǧŰêȑo®ÐªÓánəX{nrhdμHξςν .......................................................... 14§®·±(ʋɷ)gnrhhNμHξσν ................................................................................... 15̬ĘɗoΛƾkƀĥgGμNξςν ..................................................................................... 15°Ï©ÈÓɄkKR«ÖÎ£ÅwnȽǖμSξρπν .......................................................... 15ΉʵhʤŲĈěkdHfǡc`ThμNξτν ....................................................................... 15°Ï©ÈÓÅÍnƦɅĒώȦɀnIkʵƯώμSξρρν .................................................... 169.

º  Ö Ï ¯ Ò Ö  n z h } .......................................................................... 16

I V.

Ņ į ̄ n ǫ Ǩ ............................................................................................ 17V.

1.

ɀǑk^nìn`}kj? ˑ M ģ Ʌ  T h  ̨ d R f H N ` H ........................ 172.

³ · Ö Ï n ì A o ÿ  Ȼ  g H  n L ........................................................... 18
Ġ ˃ ......................................................................................................... 20





I.

+0)


 ǂ

ȹ

ȦL  ǂȹ  ȦkLRf˟  šƱƲÑ¡Ö¢ÖÏμ³·ÖÏÕ¸ÃÍÉn«ÖνΉĐ
XzX`@íšn¬ÖÃoīš
hŏɛnDʤŲĈě ÞʭnƮɐ¸ÃÍÉƕλEgX`@Ȧ˔oÛn̥nͪgX`@

 ³·ÖÏoΜ˗oƩVHŦg
ZM?ɛAj̧˭Mė΂ʸkd{TzfH`}?Þʭg~ch~ŽɛǣkƠ|ūůhjc¼Ó¸Ïkfμ̋Ǘo¨ÍÎ  2νfHzZ@ūʣƔÕū͑ƔÕìΨƔÕʥǬƔÕɯċƔÕūʢʝʣƔjinHͿż˒ƔnÆªh~jcfK?Þʭg~ch~P̿ɍÕˉ˙VfHūůnrhdg~GzZ@ˑ`boTnʓkɹʿX?TnūůDƀ̏ʖnƔɏEhXfɽʨXfƱƲÑ¡Ö¢ÖÏΉĐX
fNzX`@TTg̯IDƀ̏ʖEhoìΊuPȁʖVX?̦ɺȞȩɿk̏ʖhìΊhƣƳV\ngojP?ìΊȍʖn×͹gGhHIǡǨk~heHfɽĳZZ}fHzZ@ ¢ÖÏīĻn®ÐªÓgo?ŷƀjƱAnȭ̓kũĊV̯̝ƃIyiǫĳXzX`@Ͱáo?¸ÃÍÉĈěĽø³·ÖÏæĴƫΆn°Ï¶¶¯ÖÏ¼ÓVṋ̻MG?ʡūnɛƐ

ˇThMgNfhf~Ⱥǩ́gX`@^nǗÀÖÅ¢¬X`°Ï©ÈÓɄgoƙk`PVn˲δZThMgNzX`@³·ÖÏ̺MgNjHæg?əX}`Ri~GΌʭǫYzX`@³·ÖÏ̺~chĲǐXfLÀÖÅ¢¬X`Lc`ɯMXzZ@ÀÖÅ¢¬ėnƜȤhIb
hRno˳ɚƀźgX`X?~chǅH˥ŤnɄìhÄÊ±ÖËÓZɟøMGpLc`h~K~HzX`@ XLX?̯̝oͪYjPf~ǜoͪYIk~ǫYzX`@ƐĄͱohf~LHP?TnƐͱn˞ΦMƀNPjcf~ʂJjHIkǜLΧcfHzZ@ ¸ÃÍÉĈěĽøo?°Ï©ÈÓɄg?ɕɈÕɔɈĈěáǜhX?^kÄĢʣæɗPJ`ʤŲĈě¼Ñ¡®KTjcfHzX`@LO`ȬΊnágn̨Ɣg?z`äƓac``}ɀɑʸjɕɞjiogNz\gX`M?^n¼Ñ¡®o̐ŖʃLc`gZ@ íǗnrhdn̾ΤhXfo?°Ï©ÈÓɄnìAhˑ`bhMÄÖ¬ÓKTjIhN?ˇ
cfHǧŰ΀kƶMGh̸XŎHkΌʭMʥYng?æīkǧŰĜȺnð˱{dPcfKP
hHngojHLhK~HzZ@ °Ï©ÈÓɄo?¸ÃÍÉĈěĽøM  ǂL¼Ñ¡®oY}`ɄgG
nʹVoˑ`bhf~G``LP|LJHfPaV?z`ºÖÏ¯ÒÖkěΜʸkUĽĭH`aNzX`@TTkȩ̲XfɄnʹVkǜLǫ̓nǩ̥XzZ@?°Ï©ÈÓɄ





II.

¤¥=CfEjFAjd%ê5&

25& ®ÐªÓnΉƊkėacfŅį̄ěŚMdiH?
DƱƲÑ¡Ö¢ÖÏgˇ
`HThEhHI¬ÖÃg?ÏÖ¼Õ­¢ªËÓKTjH?^n˳ɉôÛnIkΨúΡʿħkȝʣX`@ RTjd*ôÙ&mãăá9×Õ¸ÃÍÉnƀ̏ʖˀk̨f{`H@Õ¸ÃÍÉnΓƀj̏ʖþδX`H@Õ2 ˬnƱA̏Ĥnʿg̨f{`H@Õ®ÃÓ¯gÞʭͶʦ̨`H@ ôÙ&*ć85

Ð¾)"$ê5Õ

³·ÖÏnìAh̏ʖʤŲhn΋ŎH̨f{`HÕʡūnìAMʤŲnźķʋȰķkdHfiIǡcfHLˇÕ

³·ÖÏnágɛAjɮȤnȳX̨f?ɬ͝Xf{`H@ÕζǉkcfiaRʥɽMźnL̨f{`H@ÕʡŪoý{RkĜƒgojPf?êɿMƊzcfHnLˇÕɮȤǣnͲHƙΑkǫYf{`H@

`H@

`H@

 ÉÆXfBb^&º)"$ê5Õízgn¼ÑÍÅnǳɉ̨f{`H@Õ

ɕɈXfHūůMinIjʟǬkjLˇÕȓİhHI~nMƙΑinIk̡jfHnL̨f{`H@Õ

³·ÖÏnìMȓİkdHfiIǡcfHnLˇÕɕɈMinIk̡jfHLˇÕ

³·ÖÏnìAoɕɈkƣXfinIj̃JȅcfHLˇ

`H@

`H@

`H@
`H@

 RTjd*àÓ9sċ(4oÔÕ

³·ÖÏnìAhêɿX`H@Õ

³·ÖÏnìMȦɀnThin˔ǉˇcfHnL̨f{`H@Õ

³·ÖÏ̺gNaR̪J@Õ

³·ÖÏnìAnȦAnȳXþδX`H@Õ

³·ÖÏnʥɽɛǌμ®ÐhLν̨f{`H@Õ

³·ÖÏnͺƸh͠ɄnȳXnͲHn_Hf{`H@Õ

³·ÖÏnͭsˇÕ

³·ÖÏnΫʥɽþδX`H@Õ

³·ÖÏnȦAn̏˵̏͗nʥɽþδXf{`H@

`H@



`HTh?

Õ

³·ÖÏn͠ɄMȀJfHŜΤhoÿLˇ

`H@

Õ

żŦn¸®Ç´MʡūnìkinIjǓΟÝJfHnLˇÕ³·ÖÏˍøgnʪƆnǁˠoόÕìŊnͺƸwnɿĚkdHfʡ΁inIkXfǹJfHnLˇÕ³·ÖÏnìAoÿəX{ÕŞshXfʥɽXfHLˇ

³·ÖÏnƐĄ`bo  ȦinIkͯUXfHnLˇÕ³·ÖÏnƔɏoinIjǶjnLˇÕ

³·ÖÏnȚ̊kdHf?Ț̊ĪǉkdHfˇÕ³·ÖÏnƔɏn˖Ψz`oĪǉkdHfˇ

`H@
`H@
`H@

 ÿÜ
Õ

³·ÖÏgƹhLƿƐhLɋnG~nMɡXH@ ô9ú"0èÕín̏ĤnȳX̨d}ˀX`H@



`H@

`H@

 RTjd*Èi¼ò)"$ê5
Õ

`H@

`H@

III.

V;jdOgjA*ðÇ -MjHYjF- ÏÖ¼Õ­¢ªËÓn˳ɉuzJf?Ņį̄ō̏M?®ÐªÓá^XfɄgnÀÖÅ¢¬ákºÖÏ¯ÒÖKTjH?̨`̆H`

X`Th­Ö§Ö¯k̲͞X`@^

n˳ɉȏɖ³ª®hHIȡɸdLcfΨúΡʿħkôÛnIkȝʣX`@ Úä*ĊØÛù*0*Úä*ĊØĎSĐĒď
ÐÎwn®ÐªÓnͩág?̚ūʗHfHn̨`@j]ʗHfHnL°ÏÕ¶µ¯ÖÏɭkƧm`hT?̚ʗPh?^nʗR`̚M̉ȟkjcf?ɎήnG̚MoJfP
LahHI@^Xf?^nɎήnG̚oƜʯMΫx^Ia@`aX?̚ʗPThkcfȠXPʥJfNfH̕~ʗHfXzIThMŜΤah°ÏÕ¶µ¯ÖÏɭo̯c`@μ (8,   $496*, ° Ï Õ ¶ µ ¯  Ö Ï ɭ  "1(*,  Ð Î w n ® Ð ª  Ó  n ͩ á#,*46+,6$ν

 U\b`v|r*Ó:&ïÞ7öäúĎHĐĖď

Õ̖n̊fȡ ƩVH˖oÂª®k?ƀNH˖oūɕJXf^nǗ?Âª®k˓Z@ ȦáoÅ

ÑgˀƥȦĘͷR?žoÅ

ÑżZ@

Õ̖n͌Ź ɉɞo #7?onȾɇo #7 yig͌ŹVfH@ÕɕɞȹL  ȹkLRf?ʥɽ͈LkZ`}k?Ʉì`bM̡I@
 ǳȾo?ƜƜĝjin`}nɃȾ?ƜʯnJV?ºÏÖ«?̟hXfĂʨV@


ÕíǗ


ÄÓn̖ȾM^ad ǂo? LɄg  ØɀʿȆZ@μ(8,    "1(*,°Ï©ÈÓɄϋ̖ʮ $496*,%V?̖ʮˤʣì  #,*46+,6ν

U\b`v|r*º*³u9úĎNĐĔď Ð·±L§®·±wnͩán©®ÐɄkƟc`M?ƆnìM % Vk̸XLRfNfǫ̓nǩͥxfH`@ ! n̒Vo?TIHc`ʡūn±Ö£kŎ\f?ˮLHǶzg˭ȨPȓİ̡j
Jf?ǫ̓nǩ~ùJPHn΋ćkjThahǡc`@! 

! n̒VhHIno

TIHIʓkGhǡc`@Ɔnìn˞ΦMhf~ŀ͉ʸgX`@̟ͮvÑÖ¼~ʡŪĂfHhHIn̆Hf?āaRgojP?^nǗnnȡɸ~XcLùcfHnLhǫYzX`@ ÖɄkoKYHVMHf?Ġ˃hc`@¸ÃÍÉĈěĽøM  ǂΊʡūn±Ö
£kǟJ?Ó·®kȨP?̧ɲkˢJ?ȠXHȐɒ̡H?^MǳĮXfHLT^?TT
zgǫ̓XfHnahǡc`@
μ+(8,     7496*,Ɔnì 51(*,©®ÐɄ 6,*46+,6 ν ¼
United Missions )36¦¼&RTjdp*»ĎSĐēď Ð·±½n®ÐªÓnͩákñnǋ˦ʝkzOfȚøMGc`@dP
aM?Ě

oñnǋʝhŏY

ŊXNhTkoĺƑɊnÃÖMGc`@ °ÏÕ¶µ¯ÖÏɭkh?^o &3/8,+/77/437 nȚøahHI@^nūůko?Î¢®ȚǙoŽPjH^IaM?¸Ó¯ÖȚLÎ¢®Țwn *43:,68ȘƗZZ}fH^Ia@&3/8,+/77/437 oȓİdLcf?ȘƗZZ}fHhHI@ ȓİĨʨXfȘƗV\Thko?ͲřǫǫY@XLX?ͨk̃Jp?̏nȞķȋffzg~?ȓİǝ̧hZ?ĥƙjʡʟMGnL~XjH@
μ (8,     $496*, ° Ï Õ ¶ µ ¯  Ö Ï ɭ  "1(*,  Ð · ± w n ® Ð ª  Ó  n ͩ á#,*46+,6$ν¿Ãp+æq¼­ěĎHĐĚď ¸ÃÖÏėʥhÏ¶µ¯ÖÏVkŏY͑ŜŉR`@ȦɀìnŽPoʕː̀̄ahˢJh?
hf~εHfH`@XLX³·ÖÏ~̗Hìnákʕː̀̄MųJfN`hΰZP}`@ ˑnʚo?ɫȼ?K˲śJfHμɪnïŵkőLcfaM?ùjHhǡc`ng˂ʰνh
̯Ih?íǉoΰ˻kƀNPȉcf?¸Ó¯ÖȚ~ïȚ~D7(2,7(2, EhnTh@ÀÖÅ¢¬ėo¸Ó¯ÖȚaL?ˋLk?ɫȼ?ːɓμnIjhTνh͹ƮnĚ
ʥR?KαʔN?KˎŊȌΏX?K̔

XfHƍo?ˑnʚh;jc`@ɫȼ?ˑ~̨Į˃úgǸŎ\`@μ(8,    "1(*,°Ï©ÈÓɄ $496*,Ï¶µ¯ÖÏVμ©ÈÓ¯ÍVnʚν?
¸ÃÖÏėʥ #,*46+,6ν \><FN*"0&\><FNÏ"0&ĎSĐĔď §®·±wn®ÐªÓnͩánΙĉɌko?Ã¢®nÃÖMŽPɨVfH`@z`?
GǋʝnŴΜkoÃ¢®n¢ÑÖÓMƀNPɨVfH`@ĞƝoP̪JfHjHM?
DΝŘjPXf˃nǁřojHEhHIĞƝgGc`@Vk?®ÐªÓnͩáko?Ŷ`ƜƮ
MGc`@°ÏÕ¶µ¯ÖÏɭkh?^nƜoƔɏnėʥn~ngGc`M?^nėʥnǥƐMÃ¢®nŇƣșękH``}k?ƜMÃ¢®kˊŶV`nahHI@μ (8,     $496*, ° Ï Õ ¶ µ ¯  Ö Ï ɭ  "1(*, § ® · ± w n ® Ð ª  Ó  n ͩ á#,*46+,6$ν È
PdI_h 1 ¿çÈú

øý*yà&RTjd*¼ò)"$ĎNĐĖď ÀÖÅ¢¬ėgɣ͢ŉR`@»ÄbhKɪVhKʚVhËÖÏŒMƜȤgG@»ÄMƔɏwdfHcfP`@Í¢oωnÍ¢gz[ȱVkKiH`@ÖÎ˩nƐĄMƀƦnIgHpcfH`@ÖÎ˩nƐĄoþMƀNP?̋~ζLc`@ɏΆėʥMūʣnȍɗXfH`@ĲǐoəXHόhƆnƐìPHk̆H`ìh~əXHhHcfH`@

˭ˀghf~ŋǪXHŀ͉gX`@{j×ì×ì̏Ʒ˯îXfPfɣ͢XfP`@ ƐĄnƔʥ?Ǆ˕ŧLζɏ  ǂzg×ȃXfHIjƔɏgGc`@ ̇ŚƛkɒĞV?̘̺nėʥLʙH̀ͅȅbLRzX`@Ț̊nŜΤoVzWzjŜΤ
M;jcf͔NfHThgGcf?ȚƛnʡűHPcf~ȘŝgNjHh̯cfH`@ŨȴȦ
ģL\OkHc`

̫MȚ̊IRfHjHLȚ̊nƀĥVLcfHjHhHIThac`@

μ+(8,    7496*,̘̺nėʥ 51(*,Ɣɏ 6,*46+,6 ν&.'Ñ*ÈúĎHĐėď
ÄÖÍVkƔɏɒĞXf~I@ʡŪ?Ɣɏo  ǂʥzgaM?Ʌǂo  ǂʥȠ̴ZåƘ
hnTh@ȍɗák~΋[ȚƛnǷΉR?ȈȄZng?ʥǙ`bnɯț\fXzHǦH
hǡI@ʥǙ`boǤ[LX^IkȈȄͤXfP?ˑ`bk̐ŖɼAnIa@ ėʥȡo?ūĔnȡ~Hp?ɾͳVf͓õVȡ~HhnTh@ėʥnrhėʥkƔɏnȘŝʓɲ}M?×š?¸ÃÖÏ

X`aRgo?ŜΤʓȇSThoΖXHM?Țƛn

ȱVMɯkjc`ȧùJ`@Ǘg?čΙnŋ̌ǣ~GThǡHģX?ǦLc`Lj?hǡc`@ ȚɃo?ėʥȡMœŖXf͵gHXH@¸ÃÖÏėʥo?ƔɏnʡʟkŁɟǫȅb?Șŝ
ˣ̨dRIhXfHIg?ʙǜkˑ`bkǩ̨ɲ}fN`?̻ȩXfP`

XfP

`@
μ (8,   "1(*,° Ï © È Ó Ʉ ϋ Ɣ ɏ  $496*,Ä Ö Í V  ? ¸ Ã Ö Ï ė ʥ  #,*46+,6ν

¨9&)Õ¢6à­ĎSĐĕď
 °Ï©ÈÓɄnƔɏk̡c`hN?̇Śƛg?̘̺nėʥh̸X`@^nėʥkh?Ț̊n͑ζ}IhXf~ñņŢM͸ηZnahHI@˲ʆʸk͋XHƐi~o?ƔɏnȬΊżkoƜæıđXjPfojjHX?ƔɏnjHŨȴȦko?đNkģfHƐi~~H@z`?
Ț̊ŉRfHjH̫o?Ț̊n;̧ǣʣ̭XfK[?Ɛi~MȚ̊;̧ahǡcfHf~?
Ɣɏkͪ\jHna@^n`}?ƔǂKIUhkʥǙoʉƪXfHP@TnŜΤoȚ̊aRnŜΤgojP?ñnɛAj̧ŢM΋ćXfHna@μ(8,   $496*,̘̺nėʥ "1(*,Ɣɏ #,*46+,6$ν PdI_hÄ*àÓ½Ý*½9&)sċ6ĎNĐ1ď ®ÐªÓMƊzcf?īšnìMǫY`æo?̏Ĥ~scP

ZʓMŽLc`@ ̏ĤohkLPȞķþδXf̨IhǡH?¸Ó¯Öǌg®Ð̷Xf{`@Ȧɀn®ÐoɴHʝko×ḫ̂jHgǸΊgɻJM?¸Ó¯Öǌo^IoHLjLc`@% VMTTn
ìoɫȦΩŕkĚRgojHL?ɰgɻjHȡMÜʑhHIȆȕMtc`GfozcfHhǡI@XLX¶«MςdGnMÜȩgGc`@ Ϋæk΋Xfo?ÃÖÏȤnɄg©¾ª§Ó»Ðª¯MģjiΫȞķgoƚn±Ö£kǟJ?
ȞķMĚ

zYcfH@

μ+(8,   51(*, ÐÎnƞ 6,*46+,6 νâ*«·+RTjd1¿Ã1ĎHĐĒđď
 ɄɮnȡAhnÄÖ¬ÓZɟøMGc`@³·ÖÏg~?ʪƆnĤȂo?ʞkȩˋkoĤLfHjHhnTh@`a?ƆǣMācfP`Uάo˾ŖXHh×ìnʪǣM̯c`hN?ȦɀnøˍnʪǣΎμʞkǂͻnȡνLP̆L?
DƆǣkʘf~c`K̙o˾ŖXHEhHIǩ̨kͽúXfHf˞cfXzc`@ĤȂVfH
jPf~?Z{ĤRoVfHIa@ûX?³·ÖÏgo?͠āɗoʪǣnðæg?ȦɀhoʱjIa@μ(8,    "1(*,°Ï©ÈÓɄϋǅű $496*,Ʉìnʪǣ #,*46+,6ν

kÄ vs lÄěčĎHĐĘď
Ð·±ŏɛ?ÚɄhÛɄMG°Ï©ÈÓɄ@ ÚɄo?ĔLGc`M?ʥɽM

ĆĨjÛɄMǗLģɅ@Ɣɏ~ôīoÚɄkGc`hn

Th@ ÚhÛgo?bchX`ƣǼǩ̈́nIj~nMGXP?ÚɄ̳`Αnʙǜjɣ͢nɛ
Ɛk~̥fH`Ia@ Kˌkīž?Țc`³·ÖÏnºÖ¦ÓDÐªÓºÎÎEhD¡È·Ó?®ÌμΤŐÜȩνEȉdNgǿΚX`@μ(8,    "1(*,°Ï©ÈÓɄϋÚɄ $496*,% V #,*46+,6ν

Ä*ÎĀ´ĎSĐĘď
 °Ï©ÈÓɄnÚkGÐªɄw̡c`@°Ï©ÈÓɄgnɣ͢ŏɛÐªɄg~ʽƀjɣ͢ŉR`@oY}k?©Éh͇ȟʣhªÖaV`@^nǗ¨Ï¶Ö®hÑ

Ö~aV`@

ΫæXfHhɄnì`bM̏ʖkΔzcfN`@ÐªɄnì`bo?°Ï©ÈÓɄhibnyIMHHLjih̆HfNf?°Ï©ÈÓɄhnƣǼǩ̈́|NaXkXfH`@z`?ßnė˜k̡cf?ÐªɄkƼcfNf~?ǸŃPK~fjXXf?ǝɧkɄkhi}IhXfHnǫY`@
μ(8,    "1(*,ÐªɄ #,*46+,6$ν

íĆ*Ìó&)¸"µĎSĐėď
 °Ï©ÈÓɄnƜkÿ͛LILMc`M?ǡc`Tho?͹Ʈnɟ̌UhkżǷMGhHITha@ăJp?ª©Ókoª©ÓnżǷMGcf?ơƛkoơƛnżǷMG@z`®ÐoΕ`űǶkGng?®Ðk~®ÐnżǷMG@^n`}?ȦɀnƜnIkʠ΋hHI  dnżǷMGcf?^TLágɟ̌MĤLfHPngojP?ɟ̌UhkżǷȅb? dn̯JkŽPnżǷMƒŪZngG@^Xf?^nżǷěfkľë΃MLRfH@μ(8,   "1(*,ÀÖÅ¢¬ėnƜ #,*46+,6$νÄ*p&*]jL;hB%à*ĎNĐĘď ɄnìhnÄÖ¬ÓX`@ȦΠnǃ\oɢI`c`

Kic`

hHcfH`@«ÖÎ£Å;̩ZhñJȡ~NR`M?ɄnìoʁżkdHfoyhiˇjHIgGc`@ȾM
IJnoIXHhHcfH`@ɀǑk^IahǡIL?Ʉnìkoñn͵Ǿ̈o΢kIL
gHnaIL@^ók̃J?Ȑɒƙ̡ZnM % VnǔĬgGhǫY`@ɄnǂͻnȡoȚ̊ŉRfHjH@̏ĤMǡcfH`ǨĒɄnìoÿ~ˇjLc`@^TgɽĳXf

H % VoɀǑkZUHhǡI@żŦìM`PVɅæoHHægGhǡcfH^IaM?
^hŏȬkƐĄͱk̦ɺwnGTMMǐzcfɄLģf̡Pì~ųJhǡI@z`iiΉʵͬ}IhHIì~ģfPhǡI@ Tn ! oɔɈĈěnĥŊLɄȗȓXfHng?^TgH[Ʉìhnǩ̨nͲHMģfPhǡHzZ@«ÖÎ£ÅnʵƯkcf̦ɺLnȞķMɿĚX?ƐĄMΕfHP@ΉʵhɔɈĈěn¶ÍÓ¢?LYh

oTLƀźkjcfHPngojHhǫYzX`@μ+(8,    51(*,ÄÖ¬Ó 6,*46+,6νRTjd*÷ñ*²ĎSĐĒēď ÀÖÅ¢¬ȸǗnžk?ÀÖÅ¢¬ėnƜg?ÄÖÍh^nņìnƆnƐnÖÃ  ɦ?Ɣ

ʥB ǂʥCh?»ÖÃʡŪÂÍkýgHh̸X`@^nƆnƐ`bM̯Iko?³·ÖÏoPjPf?ȦɀMHHh̯cfHf?³·ÖÏwnƃȻǫhȦɀwnǰȀHfHnǫY`@z`?ǕƆ`bo­¢MƇNah̯cfH`@z`?KXk~ɯͻcfH@³·ÖÏn̗̄~?Ȧɀn̗̄h̃JfHThkoƀƶMjP?^J?³·ÖÏnʡʟkǯHȀ
HfHIa@μ(8,    $496*,ÄÖÍh^nņì "1(*,ÀÖÅ¢¬ėnƜ #,*46+,6$ν

PdI_hÄ*p¿*àÓ%Ąû6&ĎSĐĚď ɄìhnÄÖ¬Ónág?°Ï©ÈÓɄnìAMȦAnʥɽg;̩ZThkdHf͑ŜX`@Gʪǣo?U{ĢʣɔɈĈějin¼Ñ¡®?^nñk~«ÖÎ£Å;̩XfHhˢJ`@z`?ħnʪǣo?ȦAn͠āɗ;̩XfHhˢJ`@ Ǘ̄nǩ̨oΛƾk˪ǛgN@ìA̬ƢXfHf~?͠āɗXfHìAP̨LRX?
Żȡkjh?Ɛi~`b~×˸k͠āɗXfHn̨LR@^kƣXf?ī̄oiyi;̩XfHLȦƾʥɽn̬ƢLoĤLjLc`@μ(8,    $496*,Ʉì "1(*,ÄÖ¬Ó #,*46+,6$ν Zj^FL<¢PjSF({Ä&Zj^FL<y*¾&*~rĎHĐĕď

 °Ï©ÈÓɄkĩ˅X?ɣ͢øűnɄnǅűw@Ʉì`bMƇƄjʿgTb̨fHf?ʿnűkţ@HNj³·ÖÏ̺gȈȄZThkj

ʐďXfK[?ÉjɳMģ@ ^nǗ?ÀÖÅ¢¬ėwɒĞV`M̽MƜìLĤL[?z`ěP̘̺MͪYjHIgÜƖM×ɯkųZ@ʹǞX^Iac`X?ȬΊȅfĀX`PjLc`ng?¡¢©ÈÖgDKʻɻHǸùHzZLEhZh?DƀÙƂE{`Hj¡¢©ÈÖMͤcfN`ng?DɻʒXf~HHg
ZLEh̆Hf{@rhͪ˰Jf˴cfHhɻʒɟn̍ɰɟšXfPfƮÚkǀV\f~ I@ɻʒɟMGjf?bchscP@μ(8,    "1(*,°Ï©ÈÓɄϋÀÖÅ¢¬ė $496*, 43,  #,*46+,6ν

Zj^FL<y*¾ĎSĐĖď ÀÖÅ¢¬ėgâkˁǸXfP`noÄÖÍ ɦhHIƆnƐgG@ÄÖÍkƜȤɚǳ
̆Hf{`hT?ʚ?ɪ?Ɖ?ĕ?ƈ?ÄÖÍnƎ ÔȹMH^Ia@bj{k?ƜȤɚǳ
kdHf

šyĭHf{`M?ÄÖÍnƂoģfTjLc`@ ÀÖÅ¢¬ėoPìM̽~HjHThMGc`M?ÄÖÍk̆Hf{`hT?ͣPkýg
HˏʚnƜk̡cfHnahHI@μ(8,   $496*,ÄÖÍ "1(*,ÀÖÅ¢¬ėnƜ #,*46+,6$ν6x©*þ&+ĎHĐęď ÀÖÅ¢¬ėo?ÃμKɪVnǩgŐīoÜȩνh©ÈÓ¯ÍVμ  ɦÕƆǣνMýgH@©ÈÓ¯ÍVnƂo¡Í¹kðæk̡cfHngÜŪ@ ƜkoȫžŜ[?̓AjìMɅf?^nǉkDKɪVEDKʚVEDƈEjih˯îXfP
M?ÿaLƜȤMŽZO@XL~ŏƬoXfHjH@^TwƪX̘̺M̸\©ÈÓ¯ÍVnKʚV?Ï¶µ¯ÖÏɭMʶű@ǕoɦgǂʥzgXLƔɏk̡LjLc`M? ǂΊ?ÏºűμŦŐοūŐŏNň[νgđN?̘̺
̪J^Ia@ζ̠ũμ~XPo̎nʴɯνn`}?ÂÍnʴ΍g  ÔȹĚ΍X?K΁MjPjcf
Xzc`^Ia@^nǕk̆PhTkh?DɪEoD́ʣnɪEac`ac`DƈnƐĄEac`?DƈEoDǎnƏE

@DǚƉƈEDƌEDʧEjio³·ÖÏ̺kojHXH@ˑnã

XH³·ÖÏ̺goƜȤɚǳǻȒZno?Lj

ΖXHng?ͩáL̓ĂPn́}?³·

ÖÏn̥ʡnðȡg?^n΋ć̪J`@μ(8,    "1(*,°Ï©ÈÓɄϋÀÖÅ¢¬ė $496*,©ÈÓ¯ÍV?Ï¶µ¯ÖÏV #,*46+,6ν

PdI_h 2 ¿ç½*Ă9±ĎNĐėď ÐªɄw̡c`Ȭ?×˸k̡c`»ÄMȚ˒ȶ¾Ñ¾Ñj}`^IYX`?ÓRchpX`?̔Ϋx`?˝g̅?Ȧɀgo˶ƣ̨jH̡ĳͫʵXfH`@ ÚnɄnìͱȍʖkìMΔzcfPhHc`LYgª®ÀÖÅjΘŤɯac`@ɻʒkdHfoƆnìnðæXH@ņͱMɅf{jg×˸kɻʒX`@ɻʒnǗ?˝n̝g̑ācfƴkɿX`?ÇÃ®hHIƉƈnƆnƐM?Lzg˝nʺĥ?ZUH̑ācf?Ω͙~āc

fP`@ ®ÍÓ¼~ȦɀnÖÅo³·ÖÏk~GIgʽÚMc`@³·ÖÏnƐo`P

zXP?̏ĤMȚJ`ͭs~ȥk̪JfəXgH`@ žko®Ðn΅MjPj?ʚ̫MȏXšcfH`@®Ðk΅Zno®ÐȅdƜM΁ȅbhHIThn̶gGThkɯMdH`@μ+(8,    51(*,ÐªɄ 6,*46+,6 ν

¶5Č9ĎNĐęď ɏΆėʥhÑÖέgHh?̏ĤMɅfHLƐĄͱoΔ}`XP?ͼcfHɏΆėʥnɝgͦƭ^IkZcfH`@^Tg?ǽ

ιȚJ`M?{jƜnǸùHhLMGc`XP?̫ĥnȁXdRkjcfXzc`L~XjH@ 

μ(8,    "1(*, »ÄnƜ?#,*46+,6 νô*Ä)ā#&LhDahk6 -W]?4ú6^bër*-ĎSĐęď ÐªɄgǸŃH~fjXŉRf?°Ï©ÈÓɄkƼcfHhNnThgG@ÐªɄkd
HfN`°Ï©ÈÓɄnƆnƐn»Äo?ÐªɄkHhNoǝɧk̏ĤnɄkƼ\IhX
fN`@^Xf?°Ï©ÈÓɄkͣePkdf?ǕƆoɢI`HaX`¬Ó o?˞HaX`

Xf?

ËÓMǘAkÚMcfNfHIgGc`@?̏ĤnǶưZĜŏþkƼhHIƖǜǫoƀNHnahǡI@TTk?ÅÍˍønƒŪnƀNVǫY`@μ(8,    "1(*,ÐªɄLƼͩá #,*46+,6$ν

 KjcG^
RTjdp1ĉp1¿Ãp1õ6@_ch[jĎHĐĒď
ÐÎnÑª¡gģøc`ΞŦì®ÐªÖLÖÅk̹`@®ÃÓ£LÂÍkɅ
Ͱá?H`hTgʪǣ`bM˿McfH`ʾΜ@DÿXfHnaIόEhɯkjcfH`M³·ÖÏgìɯnÖÅXH@ΞŦì`b~ÏÖÏNbh̪JfHjLc`~nnłƺÏÖÏ
gʽ

ÚM@

ŻΫǗ?°ÏÕ¶µ¯ÖÏɭ?ɀűnÏÖÏȚ@ÖÅo¤ÑnIjʷhκnÃȆgoYNì  ˱n©ÖÅg̡H?

ΐn˘kĚ?̏Ĥn©ÖÅn̓nÃȨPjPX?

ȸǗn͒HÃėkĚp?ĵbhj@jLjLǡIűǶkÃoYRjLc`¬±ªh΢̎γĂX`

h?

?ζǉj

Ó¼ÏjMƅMʃPìMΔznMĤL@˳ƫ®ÐªÓĦȦnʳÇ´h~\[? ÖÅ̡c`@TnÖÅ?¹ÎÉÖ¯nńŭg~GXH@μ(8,  

 "1(*,ÐÎ $496*,ΞŦì®ÐªÖ #,*46+,6ν¯o¹+NeJ@hBn*Ë/*,&"ĎHĐēď
ÐÎʵc`ZQǗnÚ

ŬM?˳ɚ?ǢgǥMN`M?ǭkd?ŗŔ~̜b˅P@ɔnáͬ|`}?ȯͯO[ɯĤPɥPThMgN`@ ÍÓ©Ȕ`}k˛bƟc`°Ó§Ó¬nÐ¢®ÍÓgo?Ȧɀì®ÐªÖnÿ˱LM÷
ǱXfH`@`z`zΒoŎ\`ª¼Ïnø̸M̆N̪JnG̯̺ac`ngŸLRh?

¢Ó¡°¹μ´ÏÖνLɅ`hnTh@Ó¯ȣ̡X`Ǘ?³·ÖÏkĚ`Ó¯kǵc`Ǘ?¶ÓÍ­ª?zÊjiɆľ¡ƵXH@®ÐªÓoÓ°¼Ï

° zg̡P^Ia@ΆH÷Ȯhcf~ˍøkǵZHĸɠnȚ̊ĪǉˍøʤŲǡHģX?

ǲLXP?z`ƪX̀zXPǡc`@ ˑM¾Ð¢®̣Ͱn®ÐªÓk̡PTh̸Zh?Ǖn¯MHPdL¯¶¢X
fP`@TIHc`ƩVjThM®ÐªÓnəX{nrhda@μ (8,     "1(*, ° Ó  § Ó ¬   $496*, ´ Ï   Ö ì ® Ð ª  Ö h   ¯#,*46+,6ν 

HNTQ(ÖÒ)%*,&&ĎHĐĔď Û

hoHJΆHͰn˲f§®·±wĩ˅@Ñª¡gɰ˅k˅ȷJHWʋɷw@Ěʍȟo #7@Ȧɀŏɛ?ʍkĚīkþɻInMɿēXH@ˈ˗{nʀɜodGc`M?TnȦo  dn{kʍMǏfH`@ìgĚcfHhɿȲjȦɀ̺gʪǣM̸XLRfN`@ÿg~ƀƔļɗǗ  ǂΊ?Ȧɀký{ǂīkƼŦX`hnTh@^nǕȵP?TTnĚʍȟn  ͹oūĔnƔɏkƟòVfH@z`ʀɜnʍo?ȦȷgǏ?ʄȌ~VfH@ǆn²Ï²Ïǫoɷ͑k~naILόλÐhoǫY[?Ñª¡gÈÒÖʀs`M?z`rhdȣnǡHģMųJ`@μ (8,     "1(*, § ® · ±  $496*, § ® · ± ģ ͘ Â  Í Ū ý n ³ · Ö Ï ì ʪ ǣ#,*46+,6νüzÊ+Ĉ§)%6ĎNĐēď ÂÖ§Ön¹ÓVh´ÓVhƞkdHfLƪX̸X`@¹ÓVkoìnǥƐMHf¹ÐÓ¬nƔɏkͪcfHfʥɽ͏Mhf~LLLƀźhKcXcfH`@³·ÖÏoŦMɟ̌
XfHjH^IjngǐHThoHJjHRi?șǈMƖƘX`ÂÖ§ÖĽødPcfȦɀ̺n®ji~ā?~ch̡NZHʤŲkZp̬Ęƚ~ųJhǡI@¹ÓVo̘̺~Xx

ĭ~GÂÖ§ÖVjng?Ľøg×ȃXf˯îZp?¯ÕÂÖ§Ön͑~ÚM

ngojHaIL@^XfÑª¡kdHf~?ȦɀnūĔn̬ĘĽønIkɄ͕J`ĿügøŎX`

Xf?ÄĢʣjinǅůʸƣǟMɲ}æ̸XŎJp?Ä~ZPjPjng

ojHLό ®ÐªÓÏÖ®g×dn˱Ŏji@
μ+(8,     7496*,¹ÓV 51(*,Ð·±nƞ 6,*46+,6 ν

PdI_hÄ)6KjcG^-*Â¬ĎSĐĒđď ɄìhnÄÖ¬ÓnΑk?ȸǗk?°Ï©ÈÓɄíǗiIX`HL?ɄnƦɅĒkdHf͑
ŜX`@GɄìoȦɀnIkʵƯZThahˢJ`@͑ŜěþͪXfǫY`ThoɄnʵƯwnǩɡMǐHTha@^n`}k?«ÖÎ£ÅwȽǖXfH@^n`}?żnìΊM?ʤŲĈěȭ̬Ĉě?ȞķĈěji̵JIh~?ɄnʵƯkdjMjRpɄnìAoŇǟXjHa
Ih̃J`@μ(8,    $496*,Ʉì "1(*,ÄÖ¬Ó #,*46+,6$ν

ąå&ßv|)"$®!&ĎNĐĕď
 °Ï©ÈÓɄw̡Pͩá?ɰĭʵΙǶāåƘū̨`@NHj̏ʖMɨcfH`M?ěfŶ
V?ÓÎÖ®kjIa@hf~ɨǠaM?³·ÖÏnìM˲ʆʵƯZkoǝ̧jȢ̴gGhǡI@ʡŪnȦɀɠ˨nǺ̢ĂJp?G˔ǉȭ̬kͻǮX`ɰĭʵΙǶ~āngo
jHaIL@ΉʵhʤŲĈěibLɘǉkɲ}æoʡūnìAk̛͊ÝJfXzI@¶ÍÓ¢ň

jMMǝ̧gG@ʡūnìo¶ÍÓ¢hHcf~ΖXHhǡI@ !?!?ėͬŦn

ǔĬo?̏ĤnŦn˲δʥLXf?³·ÖÏMʤŲkͻǮX`Ήʵ̡jJIk̨ƕ?Ǹİ

RZThgojHgXILό Īǉ̬Ęƚ͢JþĪMXcL

hhncfHjHnk̬ĘɗkΣc`˲ʆoÜƖƘkjcfXzI@aLʡŪnʟɶMGRjng?³·ÖÏkhcfÿMƀĥjnLșǈM~IƪX̃ Jf̡ĳkIdpHHhǡI@
μ+(8,   7496*,°ÏÕ¶µ¯ÖÏV 51(*,§®·± 6,*46+,6 ν

PdI_h^b*¡Åw Ĝ¿Ã*3)å£ĜĎSĐĒĒď ɄìhnÄÖ¬ÓnΑk?ȸǗk?°Ï©ÈÓɄíǗiIX`HL?ɄnƦɅĒkdHf͑
ŜX`@GɄìoȦɀnIkʵƯZThahˢJ`@͑ŜěþͪXfǫY`ThoɄnʵƯwnǩɡMǐHTha@^n`}k?«ÖÎ£ÅwȽǖXfH@^n`}?żnìΊM?ʤŲĈěȭ̬Ĉě?ȞķĈěji̵JIh~?ɄnʵƯkdjMjRpɄnìAoŇǟXjHa
Ih̃J`@μ(8,    $496*,Ʉì "1(*,ÄÖ¬Ó #,*46+,6$ν V;jdOgjA*.&0 ºÖÏ¯ÒÖo?īĻn¸ÃÍÉϏ®ÐªÓhǗĻn°Ï©ÈÓɄÀÖÅ¢¬nçdnű
ΜkKHfKTj`@ ¸ÃÍÉϏ®ÐªÓgo?ƀNjζǉƶ˲δXjM?éʙƻLζƱƻÕɱΗƻzgn¸ÃÍÉn̏ʖʤŲnŽɛǣƙþδZThMgN`@¼Ó¸Ïgn˄ȻoZpXLc`@z`TTo®ÐªÓnÆªgG?ÞʭáL®ÐªÖMGdzcfNfH`}?ɆɺìÌÖÑª·ìjiɛAjŦAnìAhģøH?êɿZThMgN`@®ÐªÓÕÑª¡goΞŦìh`nXPͭvThMgN`@ °Ï©ÈÓɄgoɤkʱȞķþδZThkjc`@̯̝~̂ǭ~bMIágÄÊ±ÖËÓXfHPThoƀź|[LXHThgG@XLX?ToƙΑkTnūkNfÀÖÅ¢¬XfĦ}fLThgG?oʡűkɅjRpLjH@ z`?ÑÖ¶ÏķʤŲˊŶkVVf?TnɄnƦɅoHc`HinIkjnaIL@ƐĄ`bn˞Φ{fHhƦɅǯIhh~k?jhLTn˭Ɂj˚ΊnT\jHLhK~I@ ˑ`bȦɀìkÿMgNnL@¸ÃÍÉĈěĽøo^n×ăX}XfHM?íšnLO
`ȬΊaRgo^ṋˢǛThogNjH@ƱƲÑ¡Ö¢ÖÏgn͍;jþδNcLR
kXf?TLZZ|xNͰˡXcLLMJfHN`H@



 

IV.

ñ*±° Ãª)*p*0)(5ì~Å6&9ú"$




 Þʭ×ζHƱMinPHζHn
L̏ĤnʿgˋL}`HhHIΆǂnſLjJIh?¾Ð¢®
̣Ͱgn®ÐªÓ̰ʬá?ſn`}aRgojP?ìn`}kÿ
LgNjHLh?uhǡHdH`n
M?íšn¢§­«ÖkŅįZNcLRhjzX`@ ³·ÖÏo?ˑkhcfěPȿˇnÞʭ@ģʵīkåďˇ̈́ƪXg~̞JIh?ðæoŽǞɘ}f

HzX`M?ťȶίgČ`³·ÖÏkdHfnª¤ȜğhūʢnɥNȡÿhL̼{hKXzX`@ÀÖÅ¢¬ėgÄÊ±ÖËÓh`}khĶ}`DȣnȆƶXø̸ƽEo?ȶǇaHvȏXšc`M̨dL[?³ª®g~Ě̛ǖbοŪǊĥhnTh@ģʵīnšnĲǐøg~ɀìnĲǐÜ͗gÜƖɨXjM?ģʵnȦ͢JzX`@ ®ÃÓ£n˚ʌkÛ˛c`ˆΊL?̤Ȗnͫ˷@DġzYHEnrh̯kdNìA?ʫnɛ

Ɛ@Σg~HjHnk̛ʝͮaLhK΁̧ɲX`
jnLθXcqjXac`?Í?ʛ?͙?¶?͙̏͜MvdL@Ȏɯ¢koΈŊXzX`M?§ËÓoƒŪˇ\`}~\[k»Ó»ÓΪpXfH`

Öó~͎Hʝ~΁Υoêʇǣ@ÿaLəXHhTkɅ`IgZ@ ÂÍLȜȦn®ÐªÓ˲f?°Ï©ÈÓɄw@ͩá?Tzg  MÂÖ®XfN`
ɄíǗnɽĳÎjiȚJfH`aNzX`@ɕɈaRgojP?ǸZN˫nĪāU{ĢʣŜΤwnň

˱{?ɰͰnǍN͡{?©Ö£n͌ŹˠAɽĳ~ɛAhnTh@K΁aRʊZngo

jP?^nŨūnìAnʥɽȘŝʿʸhX?VkG˔ǉ͚ͰknhūĔ~XPoöɗkƋ̱
XfHPhHIň

˱{ȡkĜǫ̪JzX`@̯̝g̥Zno˧ĿgZM?¼Ñ¡®nǩ́?

^nŨūnìAkɐɯP?ʣ̭Xf~Hƙ̡Xf~IThoƀźjThahǡHzZ@ °Ï©ÈÓɄgo?Ʉì`bnɣ͢ŉR?̖ʮƔɏn̨Ɣ?ÀÖÅ¢¬ͪXfɄnʥɽŮΊ̨\fH`aNzX`@ɨǠjMɕɞnȬȽgojP?̖ɕJāɗynƪX̡c`a
RgX`ng?~IƪXȬΊLRfKǸùHMgNphǡHzX`@ z`Ʉɮhnêɿøgo?̯̺nŜΤLL?ʃP̸\jLc`nMɨǠgX`@`hJp?Ɣɏn  ǂʥȠ̴VzZM?^nǗnȚ̊ŉR`ƐĄ`bn̡NėìɃnɽʨĝþʸk̃Jf
HL?z`?żŦìMTnɄkɅTho?
D̒HThEahKcXcfHzX`M?ĝþʸkÿM̒HnL?ǦHThojHnLji?~IƪXʃP̆PThMgNphǡHzX`@`a?ǧŰ
΀nͲH~ø̸MͬzjLc`ńŢnrhdgojHLhǡHzX`@ÿMǦHhHIRgojH
ngZM?^I̯c`ǩŖgo?Ƥ·ĤͿgnȆƨ̄nǝ̧ǣǫYzX`@ Tn«ÖkŅįX?³·ÖÏn×͹goG

zZMʡʟŮΊ̨ThMgNzX`@ǕnÓ¼ÏjʥɽnðȡkĜǫX?ȦɀgHLkŽPnʕβj~nkŤzfʥNfHLˠ?̃JV\
zX`M?³·ÖÏnìAn`}kÿMgNnLo?ƙo?ʼAĤLjPjcfHzZ@³·ÖÏwɅǂz`̡PåƘgZng?^zgk?cP?YcP

ÿMgNnL̨ɘ}`HhǡcfHzZ@ RTjd*p+t9Á:%6*$ ˑoƀƔn¥Ä°ÖÏgʵƯͩÚŦnʡʟ̾Τ?^Xf^n̾Τ̭ɵZ`}k̡fHΉʵƔvDΉʵƔEƔgNzX`@^nIjĲǐXfƀƔ

ǂkj

zZM?

HʵƯͩÚŦkyhi̡c`ThMj
Lc``}?íšn $ kʩX͡{zX`@ɂÚn˚̀͖J`ʡƙèǫgȊJ`HhHI
ǡHMG

zX`@

 ³·ÖÏkĩ˅XfLo̤Ȗnͫ˷gX`@
ˑoʵƯͩÚŦhŗpñnŦk~̡c`T
hMG

zZM?o³·ÖÏkoɛAj̾ΤMGIkǡzX`@Ͱo­ÁgȝďVfHhoHHM`P?ĉŌɟoɟ̌
XfK[?͙nȎɯ¢oͽP?[chčΙ
XfHzX`@`a?^nThoǭfX
zJpƀX`ŜΤgojP?ýgHìsh~^jkŜΤ̩XfHjHngojHLhǡ
HzZ@~chƀNjŜΤo˲ʆnʵƯahǡ

HzZ@³·ÖÏkKR˲ʆʵƯkdHf̃
J`hN?
D TnŦoɉ`Xf˲ʆʸkʵƯZThoŋ̌jnLόEhHIʲŜȀL[koHz\@³·ÖÏoŦŨMƱǒj`}?êȪk
oʹXfHz\@`hJÿLʥʦXf~?^ƀ΀kͧ͟ZʁͮnIjǸɩʨHTh
MgNz\@Ó¯jig̡fH % ʨH`®¦ÖhoǡHzZM?^n`}koȚ̊nĖƙMǝ̧kjÓæɗ̡IngGpŋ̌azZ@`aX?³·ÖÏkoÞʭͶʦkʶ΄VIj̬Ę͐ʏMŽPƒŪXzZ@^n`}?̬Ęɗkąƒ\WJz\@ TTzg³·ÖÏn˲ʆʵƯkdHfͥxfNzX`M?^oíšn«Ög³·ÖÏnìAn
˲ʆʵƯwnàAjlʅȻǫY`LgZ@ °Ï©ÈÓɄgnɄìhnÄÖ¬ÓnΑk?ȦAnʥɽnág;̩ZThoÿLkdHf͑ŜXzX`@Gʪǣo?ȦAn͠ɗΫæ;̩XfHh̯HzX`@TnˢJoǨƘXfH`


~ngG

?UP̏ʖjˢJgX`@hTMħnʪǣo?ʤŲĈěn¼Ñ¡®«ÖÎ£Å

;̩XfHh̯HzX`@^Tg?ɄkżŦìMɅThkdHfiIǡILh͑ŜXzX`@Zh^nʪǣo?ˑ`bMɄkɅf?êɿZIjThoHHThah̯HzX`@êɿəX|hHIĎΜ~GhoǡHzZM?ʵƯn`}n«ÖÏhXfn«ÖÎ£ÅwnȽǖMħnĎΜkoGhǡHzX`@^n`}ȸǗk?ɄnƦɅĒkdHf͑ŜX`hT?ȦɀnIkʵƯZThah̯cfHzX`@ z`?°Ï©ÈÓɄgnÀÖÅ¢¬nȸǗnȦkˑhŏÞónƆnƐ
`boìh̸XzX`@ǕƆ

ìh~  ɦīǗg?ˑhoǂ~ͣPɛAjTh̸XfPzX`@ǕƆ`bo?D³·ÖÏoβʿg?Ȧɀo̒HEhHITh̯cfHzX`@­¢MƇNg?KXkɯͻǕƆ`boȦɀn̗̄hƀƶojHhǫYzX`@`a?˽LfHʟɶMͲI`}k?̏ĤnŦkǯHǫYfHnahǡHzZ@ ̸oīǗXzZM?Ð·±w®ÐªÓXfHͩák?ñnǋʝkzOf?ȚøMǋc
fHzX`@̨`ʿoñnǋʝhźjHngZM?^nĚŊnIjhTkoĺƑɊMG

zX`@ŏ̡XfH`°ÏÕ¶µ¯ÖÏɭkh^o &3/8,+ /77/437 nǋf`ȚøahHI
ThgX`@&3/8,+ /77/437 MinIjThXfHnLĝþʸkoˇz\M?ȓİȅcfPhŏȬk?³·ÖÏnìAnÎ¢®ȚwnȘƗZZ}fH^IgZ@Î¢®ȚǙozaƪȜa^IgZM?ìAn¸Ó¯ÖȚLÎ¢®ȚwnȘƗ˅AhZZ}fH^Ig
Z@ȓİhȘƗȀNŎ\kX`ȓİnGȡkoƪAnʲŜǫYzZM?Ʉìn̩ʓk˛fp?

̏nȞķȋffzg~ȓİMɡXHhHIĥƙjʡƙMGnL~Xz\@ HLk³·ÖÏnìAM˲ʆʸjʵƯʅȻXfHLkdHfôÚ

dnăȇSzX`@íšnȣgˑoȦɀìhXf?ibL̯JpȓİZĎnìΊhXf?³·ÖÏnìAMÿȻgH
nLkdHf̏Ĥjk̃Jf{zX`@³·ÖÏnìAo˲ʆʵƯȻgHhHInoǫY

zX`M?^˃kŉRfȓİZhHInoiILh~ǡHzZ@ìAnȻ{ȓİnákH
Lk˱{ĚfHPnL@ínˑko˳̀Mģ\jHΖXHŜΤgZ@



V.

}é





    º¡À¬Ïkf¨Ï¶Ö®Ϋx         ¸ÃÍÉnžȩRμ¼Ó¸Ïkfν







®ÐªÓÕÑª¡kf÷Ǳ        ʎΉnÈ°nīg ®ÐªÓodeP








 °Ï©ÈÓɄn̖ʮkĩ˅   ̖ȾnÞ̸Z  =ƁŦnʮ>̡PμÐɄϊ°Ï©ÈÓÚɄν







=ƁŦnß>μ̋ǗoÓ°¼Ï°Õ¢ϊ ύν       =ƁŦnß>kf÷Ǳ







   °Ï©ÈÓɄnʹVhÄÖ¬Ó      ˺̂X`=ÐªÓºÎº>n¨Ó¢ǿΚ
¼Ó¸ÏL¨ÍÎn_|μȼȦhƁūM˼jZ×ƀ¢¿§ÏM̨νî  ¤¥=CfEjFAjdÀʵ̡Ȧ  ǂ  ȹ Ȧ˹ΔÕʵ̡̄ʞƘΛŠĨɽĳɸì¸ÃÍÉĈěĽøF  Ɇëͺʈ͆ĹóAȾ   ÃÑÉÏµ«  
2(/1/.*053<))3,05 %'   .885;;;/.*0(5(346-