COUNTRY REPORT OF CAMBODIADISASTER MANAGEMENT
By Leng Heng An (Mr.), Assistant to Secretary General,
National Committee for Disaster Management (NCDM),
Royal Government of Cambodia & Visiting Researcher of
Asian Disaster Reduction (ADRC VR 2013 B)

February 2014
Kobe, JAPAN1

Disclaimer
This report was compiled by an ADRC visiting researcher (VR) from ADRC
member countries.
The views expressed in the report do not necessarily reflect the views of
the ADRC. The boundaries and names shown and the designations usedon the maps in the report also do not imply official endorsement or
acceptance by the ADRC.

2

CONTENTS

Page

1. GENERAL INFORMATION ABOUT CAMBODIA ………………..……………………4

2. NATURAL HAZARDS IN CAMBODIA…….……………………………………………5

3. DISASTER MANAGEMENT SYSTEM…………………………………………………12

4. PROGRESS OF THE IMPLEMENTATION OF HYOGO FRAMEWORK FOR
ACTION (HFA)……………………………………………………………………………….17

5. RECENT MAJOR PROJECTS ON DISASTER RISK REDUCTION………………..21

6. ADRC COUNTERPART……………………………………………………………….....22

ANNEXES………………………………………………………………………………23

REFERENCES………………………………………………………………………….27

3

1. GENERAL INFROMATION ABOUT CAMBODIA
1.1 Geography, Topography & Land
Kingdom of Cambodia (Cambodia) is geographically situated in Southeast Asian region
and bordered with Vietnam to the east, Thailand to the west, and Lao PDR to the north andGulf of Thailand to the south (Latitude: 10°- 15°N, Longitude: 102° - 108°E).
Topographically, Cambodia is deep and plain at the middle, surrounded by mountain andplateaus and in the southwest lies the coastal area.

Cambodia has the land area of 181,035 square kilometers. 500 kilometers of MekongRiver bisects Cambodia, and roughly 80% of Cambodia’s land is in lower Mekong basin,
which their livelihood depend largely on agricultural production. Tonle Sap Lake, one of theworld largest lakes, is situated in the mid-west of the country.
1.2 Climate
Tropically humid, the climate is dominated by monsoon with two seasons: rainy seasonfrom May to October and dry season from November to April. The average temperature isfrom 21 to 36 °C. The months with the lowest temperature are December and January
while the months with the highest temperatures April and May.

4

1.3 Population
Cambodia has the population of 15 million (UN, 2010), comprised of Khmer 90 per centand other 10 per cent including ethnic minorities: Cham, Chinese and Vietnamese andindigenous and mountainous tribes.
1.4 Religion
Thearavada Buddhism is the official religion in Cambodia which is practiced by 95 percentof the population-- just like that of Thailand, Burma, Sri Lanka, and the rest follows Islam,
Christianity and animism.
1.5 Government
Cambodia is Constitutional Monarchy and has adopted Parliamentary Representative
Democracy. The Prime Minister is elected in majority vote among 123 members of the
National Assembly, who are elected every five years in the general election and officiallyappointed by the king. The Prime Minister of Cambodia is the head of government while
the King is the head of state. The current king is His Majesty King Norodom Sihamoni, andthe current Prime Minister is H.E Samdech Hun Sen.
1.6. Administrative Division in Cambodia

Administratively, the country is divided into 24 provinces and one capital city, District Level:
159 districts, 8 Khans & 26 cities, and 1621 communes. Phnom Penh, the capital city of
Cambodia is the political, socio-economic and cultural center of Cambodia.
1.7 Economy
Cambodian currency is KHMER Riel (1 USD~ 4000 Riels). Cambodian economy largely
relies on agriculture production (rice, rubber, fish, corn, wood, vegetables, cashew nuts…),
tourism sector, light industry (textiles & shoes production) and construction.

2. NATRUAL HAZARDS IN CAMBODIA
2-1. Natural Hazards Likely to Affect the Country
Disasters are inseparable from economic, social and environmental features of Cambodia.
The country experiences almost all types of hydro-meteorological hazards such as floods,
drought, heavy storms (or typhoon), fire incidents and epidemics. Most geographicalregions of the country (i.e. Riverine Central Plains, coastal ecosystems and Dangrek
mountain range in the north and Cardamom mountains in the southwest) are exposed to
one or more of these hazards. Additionally, climate change is expected to increase the5frequency, intensity and severity of these extreme natural events. As the majority of
Cambodians are farmers and their livelihoods mainly depend upon subsistence agriculture,
the vulnerability of people living in rural areas is very high and may continue to rise,requiring improved preparedness and planning.
The mighty Mekong River that enters the country from Laos and Great Tonle Sap Lake inthe middle created the unique flooding feature, and most typhoons originate from theSouth China Sea towards the south and southeast across Vietnam and Southern China.
2.1.1 Floods

Cambodia is one of the five countries located along the Mekong River, and its landscapeconsists of rolling plains and lowland. During the monsoon season, Cambodia experiences
flash floods usually after heavy rainfall. The provinces of Battambang, Kampong Chnang,Kampong Speu, Kampong Thom, Kampot, Kandal, Pursat and Rattanakiri are regularly hit
by flash flooding. The second type of flood, the much slower but prolonged flooding, iscaused by the overflow of Tonle Sap river and Mekong tributaries, inundating the provincesof Kampong Cham, Kratie, Kandal, Prey Veng, Stung Treng, Svay Rieng and Takeo.

62.1.2 Droughts

Compared to floods, drought is arguably less understood and researched making it difficult
to generate national and international response. The drought condition – primarily a resultof erratic rainfall – is exacerbated by limited coverage of irrigation facilities (the current
coverage is around 20%).

Drought in Cambodia is characterized by loss of water sources caused by the early end or
delays in expected seasonal rainfall. Drought severely affects farming productivity
especially among rice growing communities who rely solely on rain or river-fed irrigation.
Low agricultural yield due to extended drought has increased indebtedness of families andcontributed to widespread food shortages.
2.1.3 Typhoons

Tropical cyclones are the most costly meteorological disasters affecting East Asia and thePacific with, on average, 27 tropical cyclones affecting some parts of the region each year
(Chan 2008, quoted in WB 2013). Some typhoons and tropical depressions that reachIndochina do not weaken over the land and produce torrential rainfall and extensive
flooding in Cambodia. Typhoon becomes most damaging when it hits during the flooding
season (September-October) as it causes heavy precipitation events.

72-2. Recent Major Disasters
2.2.1 Flood in 2011 & 2013
In 2011, floods affected 350,000 households (over 1.5 million people) and 52,000
households were evacuated. 18 out of 24 provinces in Cambodia were affected; 4provinces along Mekong River and Tonle Sap were worst hit. 250 people lives were deadand 23 people sustained injuries in the floods in 2011. 431,000 hectares of transplanted
rice fields were affected and 267,000 hectares of rice fields were damaged.
925 kilometers of the national, provincial and urban roads were affected and 360
kilometers of the roads were damaged. The 2011 floods caused an estimated loss at 630
million USD.

In 2013, floods affected 20 out of 24 provinces, 377,354 households and claimed 168 lives
and forced 31,314 households to evacuate themselves to safe areas.
Compared to floods in 2011, floods in 2013 appear to have been less extensive in scale,although in some provinces the impact – including number of evacuated families, damaged
crops, damaged infrastructure – was more significant due to a combination of factors suchas: unexpected gravity of the floods, both in extent and intensity, longer time for waters torecede, repeated floods and flash floods, limited preparedness undertaken in advance andlimited early warning.

8Source: NCDM

2.2.1 Droughts from 2009-2012
In 2009, 13 provinces out of 24 provinces were affected by severe droughts. 57,965
hectares of rice crops were affected and 2,621 hectares were destroyed.
In 2010, 12 provinces out of 24 provinces were affected by severe droughts. 14,103
hectares of transplanted rice were affected by droughts; 3,429 hectares of transplanted
rice seedlings and 5,415 hectares of subsidiary crops were damaged.

In 2011, drought affected 3804 hectares of rice fields and destroyed 53 hectares. In 2012,
drought hit 11 out of 24 provinces, affected 14,190 hectare of rice fields and destroyed
3151 hectares.

9

Source: NCDM

2.2.3 Typhoon Ketsana in 2009
On 29 September 2009, Cambodia was hit by Typhoon Ketsana. 14 out of 25 provinces
were hit by the typhoon, and it affected 180,000 households, killed 43 people and injured
67 people.

10

Storm occurences and casualties caused by storms from 200 to 2011

Legends:
Blue: Causualties; Red: Number of times of storm occurences
Th

Legends: Blue: Causualties; Red: occurence frequencies(Source: NCDM)

2.2.4 Lightning Strikes
Lightning strikes claim human lives and livestock and destroyed house and facilities mainlyin the rural areas. In 2011, Lightning strike killed and injured 165 and 149 and 101 people
and injured 72 people in 2012.
Lightening Strikes occurences and casualties caused by storms from 2000 to 2011

Legends: Blue: Causualties; Red: occurence frequencies(Source: NCDM)

11

3. DISASTER MANAGEMENT SYSTEMThe Royal Government of Cambodia considers disaster management as a key componentof its social and economic planning. Floods and droughts have caused serious damage
and loss to Cambodia, and endanger the Royal Government’s efforts to enhance theeconomy and well-being of Cambodian society. Cambodia’s resources are very limited
and these have to be shared across a wide range of development programs such as roads
and bridges, and relief for affected communities. It is clear that natural calamities haveworsened poverty in Cambodia and thus effective disaster management would be an
important contribution to poverty reduction.
Following the adoption of Hyogo Framework of Action, Cambodia developed the National
Action Plan and Strategy on Disaster Risk Reduction 2008-2013 to deepen its efforts to
reduce disaster risks. The following diagram presents the country’s disaster management
policy development:

1995: NCDM set up
under sub-decree
No.54 ANKR-BK

June 1994
Drought
Sept 1996
Flood

Feb 2002: sub-decree
NS/RKT/0202/040
defines more clearly
the mandate andstructure of NCDM

2005: Cambodia signed
the Hyogo Framework
for Action

Jan 2002:
Drought
August 2002:
Flood

August1999
Flood

2006: CCDM March 2009: the SNAP
established by for DRR (2008-2013) is
Sub decreelaunched officiallyn°61 HNK

April 2005
Drought

Oct 2009
TyphoonKetsana

August 2011
Flood

August 2001
Flood
July
2000
Flood

3.2 Disaster Management Plan, Policy and Strategy

3-1. Legal System and Framework
NCDM Mechanism structure has been established from the national level down to thecommune and village levels in conformity with Sub-decree No. 30 ANKR.BK, dated April09, 2002 on the Organization and Functioning of the National and Sub-National
Committees for Disaster Management; Sub-decree No. 61 ANKR.BK, dated June 29, 2006
on the establishment of the Commune Committee for Disaster Management (CCDM);

12

Direction No. 315 NCDM, dated July 21, 2010 on the establishment of the Village Disaster
Management Team (VDMT) for the implementation of CBDRM.
Law on Disaster Management was drafted and will be submitted to the National
Assembly for enactment by 2014.
+ National Strategy Development Plan (NSDP) 2009-2013; Strategic National Action
Plan for Disaster Risk Reduction (SNAP) 2008-2013 & National Action Plan for
Disaster Risk Reduction 2014-2018 (drafted & adopted by 2014)
National Strategic Development Plan (NSDP) Update 2009-2013 and the Strategic
National Action Plan on Disaster Risk Reduction (SNAP) 2008-2013 work as theoverarching frameworks, and provide strategic direction to disaster risk management forthe country. The Royal Government of Cambodia (RGC) has invested considerably to
reduce disaster risks through its regular development programmes at national and subnational levels.
Following the establishment of National Committee on Disaster Management (NCDM) in2005 and adoption of SNAP in 2008, the RGC has emphasised systematic and proactive
efforts in DRR. The country has achieved remarkable knowledge and skills to live withdisaster risk. Cambodia endorsed the Hyogo Framework for Action (HFA) in 2005 thatprovides a systematic and strategic approach to reduction of vulnerability and risk todisasters.
The current SNAP comes to an end in 2013. The independent assessment of SNAP has
taken stock of key achievements, challenges and gaps of the strategic plan. Building onthese and other evidence and learning, this National Action Plan on Disaster Risk
Reduction (NAP-DRR) is developed for 2014-2018.
+ Community Based Disaster Risk Management (CBDRM) Strategy
CBDRM is a strategy that builds upon existing capacities and coping mechanisms ofcommunities to collectively design and implement appropriate and doable long-term risk
reduction and disaster preparedness plans. The strategy involves the participation of local
actors, particularly vulnerable communities, who actively work to identify causes ofvulnerability and actions to mitigate the impact of vulnerability from these natural disasters.
Additionally, the strategy empowers communities towards long-term capacity to adapt.
With recurrent drought and flooding and threats from other natural disasters in Cambodia,
CBDRM is seen as the way forward in minimizing enormous loss of life, property and13

livelihood. In Cambodia, the government considers CBDRM as an integral part of its ruraldevelopment program to alleviate poverty

3-3 Structure of Disaster Management
National Committee for Disaster Management (NCDM) is established for overall
coordination for disaster management. Cambodia has set up necessary legal, policy andinstitutional foundations for disaster management. Headed by the Prime Minister, NCDM
was set up in 1995 that consists of 22 members from different Ministries, Cambodian
Armed Forces, and Civil Aviation Authority as well as representatives of Cambodian Red
Cross.
The NCDM Secretariat, which is the locus of disaster management for the country, was set
up to lead and coordinate disaster management affairs and to provide support to NCDM.
As part of the decentralization process, disaster management institutions such as
Provincial Committee for Disaster Management (PCDM), District Committee for Disaster
Management (DCDM) and Commune Committee for Disaster Management (CCDM) havebeen set up to lead disaster management at their respective levels. Village Disaster
Management Group (VDMG) is also in place as the lowest level body for disastermanagement.

National Committee for Disaster Management

CabinetFinancial
Inspection Unit

NCDM
Secretariat

DM Working Teamof Ministries/
Institutions*

Provincial-Municipal Committee
for Disaster Management (PCDM)

PCDM Secretariat

District Committee
for Disaster Management (DCDM)

DCDM
Secretariat

Commune Committee
for Disaster Management (CCDM)

CCDM
Secretariat

Village Disaster
Management Group(VDMG)

14

* DM Working Team of Ministries/ Institutions

Each ministry/ institution has established the Disaster Working Group of the
Ministry/Institution in order to boast the spirit of self-reliance in participating and solving
disaster. It is responsible for coordinating all activities involving Disaster Preparedness,
Response and Rehabilitation.
3.4.1 Roles and Responsibilities of NCDM General Secretariat:

NCDM General Secretariat has the following roles and responsibilities:
Roles and Responsibilities of the NCDM General Secret-

To ensure the continuity and functioning of the National Committee for Disaster
Management administration-

To conduct research into the flood, drought, storm, wildfire, epidemics prone areas
and other hazards and prepare Preparedness and Emergency Response plans.

-

To instruct the provincial/municipal, district, commune, committee for Disaster
Management and relief communities about work and technical skill that are thebasis for collection of disaster data for damage and need assessment and prepare
rehabilitation and reconstruction programmes of damaged infrastructure in coordination with institutions, UN agencies, IOs, and NGOs concerned-

To formulate a technical skill training programme for officials who serve Disaster
Management functions in provinces, municipalities, district, precinct, and relief
communities within the framework of training in and out of the country-

To coordinate work with Ministries/Institutions concerned, local authorities, UN
agencies, IOs, and NGOs in order to evacuate vulnerable people to haven and toprovide them with security, public education, Emergency Response and otherprogrammes-

To give opinion of the documents related to Disaster Management and the lettersof consent.

-

To sum the report up and submit it to the National Committee for Disaster
Management.

3.4.2

Departments under NCDM General Secretariat

The General Secretariat of the National Committee for Disaster Management has 5
departments. The organizational chart below illustrates the departments under the
General Secretariat and line bureaus of each department.

15

Each department has following roles and responsibilities:
The responsibilities of the Department of Administration and Finance shall be:
1. Department of Administration and Finance-To administer and circulate the National Committee for Disaster Managementadministrative documents-

To sum up the National Committee for Disaster Management work and otheractivities-

To govern the National Committee for Disaster Management civil servants-

To collect the needs, formulate a budget proposal, plan a programme of expense,
tract and remind of its execution-

To coordinate the National Committee for Disaster Management budget line andexpenses-

To administer immovable property, movable object, stock of goods and its
inventory16

2. Department of Information and Relations
The responsibilities of the Department of Information and Relations shall be:-

To follow weather information, and meteorology and hydrology situation-

To write and compile disaster news-

To issue information regarding various disasters occurring in and out of the country
through bulletin and broadcasting system-

To produce disaster posters and leaflets-

To prepare report on hydrology and meteorology situation in collaboration withspecialized Ministries/ Institutions and broadcast the warning of the emergency,
needs and measures-

To communicate with foreign countries and IOs regarding disaster work.
3. Department of Emergency Response and Rehabilitations-

To establish a command structure in emergency operation according to the
National Policy for Disaster Management upon receiving information on disasterpredictions-

To prepare a prevention/ mitigation/ emergency relief plan, and labor rehabilitation
and rehabilitation programmes-

To coordinate the research into hazards, services, emergency relief, safety,
security, evacuation, and shelters with Ministries/ Institutions concerned, UN
agencies, IOs, and NGOs-

To conduct damage and needs assessment and lead the operation when
emergency happens
4. Department of Preparedness and Training

The responsibilities of the Department of Preparedness and Training shall be:-

To prepare equipment, materials and supplies for emergency response-

To formulate plans and programmes for training human resources who serve
Disaster Management function at the National/ Local level-

To choose the candidates who participate in the training course in and out of thecountry-

To educate and disseminate Disaster Preparedness to the local communities andthe affected people-

To publish pictorial documents related to Disaster Preparedness and Mitigation.

17

5. Department of Search and Rescue
The responsibilities of the Department of Search and Rescue shall be:-

To coordinate work with the Secretariat of State for Civil Aviation and
Ministries/Institutions concerned in order to conduct the activities in conformity withthe organized legislative procedure-

To prepare a plan and submit it to the High-Command of the Royal Cambodian
Armed Forces regarding the use of means and SAR intervention forces-

To receive and dispatch information on aircraft/ ship accident and request
principles, implementing regulations and instructions from the National Committee
for Disaster Management related to the coordination of search and rescue-

To issue official announcement of the crash site when the information is double
checked-To prepare modality and conduct the SAR operation in collaboration with theneighboring country according to agreement on Search and Rescue-

To collaborate with Emergency Coordination Center of State Secretariat of Civil
Aviation and identify SAR mission.

4. PROGRESS OF THE IMPLEMENTATION OF HYOGO FRAMEWORK OF
ACTION (HFA)The progress to date of implementation of each of HFA priorities of action is listed below:
1. Priority for Action 1: Ensure that disaster risk reduction is a national and local
priority with a strong institutional basis for implementation- Finalization and improvement the draft of disaster management law to besubmitted for approval.
- Establishing and strengthening disaster management mechanisms by determining
the organization and functioning of the national, sub-national, and local levels tomatch with the actual situation.
- Developing the policy guideline, legal instrument and legal framework to support
the disaster risk reduction activities.
- Mainstreaming the disaster risk reduction into policy guidelines and development
plans at all levels.

18

2. Priority for Action 2: Identify, assess and monitor disaster risks and enhanceearly warning- Conducting the risk assessment at national, sub-national, and local levels.
- Developing the vulnerability and hazard maps.
- Developing the disaster data management system.
- Recording, analysing, and disseminating the disaster losses information.
- Setting up the early warning system (EWS) on hazards for Sangkat-commune,
particularly communities exposed to hazards.
- Designating the focal points for the Emergency Operation Centre (EOC) at nationaland sub-national levels.
- Developing the capacity of technological research and analyse, forecasting natural
hazards map and other hazards which vulnerable to the disaster impacts.
- Improving the existing data for further assessment, monitoring and early warning inconformity with the regional and international levels.
- Strengthening capacity of recording, analysing, summation, disseminating, andexchanging information, statistics, and general methodology for hazard
assessment and monitoring.
3. Priority for Action 3: Use knowledge, innovation and education to build a cultureof safety and resilience at all levels- Collecting, compiling, and disseminating the knowledge and information on
hazards, vulnerabilities, and capacities to the people in order for building theculture of prevention and disaster resilience.
- Providing simple, understandable and protective information on disaster risk to thepeople who exposed to hazards.
- Developing the Sangkat-commune disaster risk reduction plans.
- Strengthening the cooperation and promoting the partnership among the relevant
stakeholders including the professional in socio-economy for disaster risk
reduction.
- Promoting the utilization, implementation and accessing new information,communication, space technology and other services, including the interpretationof satellite maps.
- Developing a guide manual on disaster risk reduction for utilization at local
community, sub-national and national levels.

19

- Preparing the international standard terminologies on disaster risk available innational language for utilization in specialized institutions, training materials, andpublic awareness programmes.
- Integrating the disaster risk reduction concept and disaster preventive programme
into the curriculums of school and higher education institution.
4. Priority for Action 4: Reduce the underlying risk factors- Mainstreaming the disaster risk reduction related to climate change into thestrategy on disaster risk reduction and climate change adaptation.
- Mainstreaming the disaster risk reduction plan into the health, education,
agriculture, forestry and fishery, and rural development sectors.
- Promoting hazard resilience of communities in the droughts, floods, storms, andother hazards prone areas which caused the people’s livelihoods declined.
- Strengthening the disaster recovery plan including the socio-psychology training
programme in reducing the adverse impact on victim mentality, particularly
women and children in post-disaster.
5. Priority for Action 5: Strengthen disaster preparedness for effective response at
all levels- Developing the preparedness plan for emergency response and updating thecontingency plan to be effective at all levels.
- Forming up the emergency response coordinating teams.
- Forming up the search and emergency rescue teams.
- Forming up the disaster assessment coordinating teams.
- Developingapropercoordinatingprocedure

inconformity

with

ASEAN

Coordinating Centre for Humanitarian Assistance on Disaster Management (AHA
Centre) and implementing the ASEAN Agreement on Disaster Management andEmergency Response (AADMER) effectively.
- Promoting the disaster preparedness simulation exercise, including the real
exercise and victim evacuation in order to ensure the rapid and response andtimely receiving the important relief to the needs of the affected localities.
- Reserving fund for the emergency response.
- Building the safe areas by equipping with bathrooms, latrines, and shelters forhuman beings and animals.
-20

6. RECENT MAJOR PROJECTS ON DISASTER RISK REDUCTION
5.1 Project Implementation and Bird Flu Prevention (Avian and Human
Influenza Control and Preparedness Emergency Project -AHICPEP)This project was funded by the World Bank and implemented by three institutions withdifferent resposibities, but with the same purpose and goal of supporting
implementation of the national plan on Avian and Human Influenza. The three involved
institutions are comprised of the Ministry of Agriculture, Forestry and Fisheries,
responsible for animal health, the Ministry of Health, responsible for human health and
NCDM, responsible for inter-ministerial cooperation for preparedness and prevention of
epidemics and pademics and coordination of implmentation of the common plan. The
project came into effect on 06 August 2008 and was concluded on 31 December 2011.

5.2 Implementation of Post-Ketsana Reconstruction Project
The Ministry of Rural Development and NCDM implemented the post ketsana,
immediate restoration and reconstruction project (World Bank loan). The goal of the
project was the restoration of the physical infrastructure damaged by Ketsana storm in
2009, including rural roads, bridges, cultverts, hand pump wells and lavatories in theprovinces of Siem Reap, Banteay Meanchey, Battambang, Kampong Cham, Kampong
Thom and Kampong Chhnang for the period of five years, starting from 2011 to 2014,
implemented by the Ministry of Rural Development. The project also dealt with capacity
in disaster management of the Royal Government of Cambodia, regarding effective
prevention, emergency response and reconstruction after disasters, implemented by
NCDM.

5.3 Disaster Risk Reduction and Climate Change Adaptation Cooperation for2013-2015 between NCDM and Caritas Cambodia
The project was aimed at promoting disaster risk reduction and strengthening the
preparedness, prevention, emergency response and rehabilitation as well as inbuilding capacity of the committee’s officials at sub-national level.

5.4 Strengthening National and Sub-national Capacity to Implement Disaster
Management towards Increased Community Resilience

Funded by the European Commission Directorate General for Humanitarian aid andCivil Protection (DG ECHO), the National Committee for Disaster Management(NCDM) in collaboration with Plan International Cambodia (Plan) and World Vision21

Cambodia (WVC) are currently implementing the CONSORTIUM PROJECT“Strengthening

National

andSub-national

Capacity

to

Implement

DisasterManagement towards Increased Community Resilience”( Project Duration: 1st of June2012 to the 30th of November 2013). The goal of the project is to increase resilience ofvulnerable people including children and women living in the most disaster-affectedareas in Cambodia. The project’s main objective is to contribute to an “Enhanced
coordination and increased collaboration among NCDM and partners resulting from thedevelopment of partnership guidance (ToR, Action Plan, etc.) and disastermanagement related documents”.
5.5 Disaster Risk Reduction (DRR) Forum

Coordinated and chaired by NCDM and attended by various stakeholders working in
the field of disaster management, DRR forum is held quarterly, aiming to enhancedisaster management in Cambodia through improved information sharing, coordinationof initiatives and joint action to promote the highest possible standards and disasterrisk reduction practices to reduced suffering and losses of the affected population fromdisaster.

6. ADRC COUNTERPART
National Committee for Disaster Management, Royal Government of Cambodia
Contact Person: HE Mr. PONN Narith, Secretary General
Contact Address: St. 516, Tuol Sangke, Phnom Penh, Cambodia
Email: ncdmsecretariat@gmail.com
Tel & Fax: (855) 23 882 605

22

ANNEXES
Annex 1: Implementation Direction No. 315 NCDM, dated 21st July 2010
Implementation Guideline for the Commune committee for Disaster Management inCommunity-Based Disaster Risk Management and Integration of Avian and human
Influenzas
1. Prepare the Institutional Mechanism to Ensure the Disaster Risk Management---

Identify the activity and take part in coordination livelihood and rescue thepeople’s lives the vulnerable from the hazards such as avian and human
influenza.
Prepare the early plan to associate with non-governmental organizationand private sector for the emergency response as well as the Disaster Risk
Reduction (DRR).
Integrate the disaster risk reduction into the development plans and otherprograms.

2. Be Aware of the Risk and Outline Activity- Monitor and evaluation the disaster risk reduction and enhance the early
warning.
Understanding of the existing risk and outline are necessary for reducing
the vulnerability that caused by the natural hazards and epidemic such asavian and human influenza. Having such understanding the early warning
activities that serve the vulnerable people such be laid out. The available
plan should be carried out while obtained hazard information.
3. Be Raised the Awareness on Disaster Preparedness
The disasters could be reduced to a great extent whenever people are aware of
the measures that they have to be abided by and we must provide them with:-

The relevant information on disaster risk and protection means, especiallyfor people living in the high risk areas.
Strengthen the emergency management networks and enhance thecooperation among the stakeholder.
Establish or strengthen the community-based disaster risk management(CBDRM) program.
Disseminate and raise the public awareness.

4. Be Risk Deducted- The reduction is mainly base on the foundation factors (Hazard,
Vulnerability and Capacity)
Example: The settlement of local community where located in the hazard
vulnerable areas.
5. Be Prepared and Ready for Effective Response- Conduct a exercise on the plan for using during the emergency- Establish the emergency fund in order to support the emergency response
and rehabilitation- Conduct an exercise on evacuation, search and rescue

23Annex 2: PROVINCIAL COMMITTEE FOR DISASTER MANAGEMENT (PCDM)
At each province, a provincial committee for disaster management is established,comprising of the following membership: the Provincial Governor is the President, a deputy
provincial governor as the Vice-President, the heads of relevant Provincial departments
and the Director of the Provincial/Municipal Red Cross are members, entrusted with thefollowing responsibilities:-

To implement the National Policy for Disaster Management,-

To prepare guideline and support the activities of the District Committee forDisaster Management,-

To make recommendation to the National Committee for Disaster Management on
the activities of the institutions concerned and Cambodian Red Cross, theassistance of the international and national organizations that participate inDisaster Prevention, Preparedness, Emergency, Response and Rehabilitation,-

To write a report and submit it to the National Committee for Disaster Management
regarding damage and make a budget proposal, a proposal of equipment,materials, means of transport and intervention forces for action in the event ofdisasters,-

To conduct disaster management training programs to build capacity of officials
performing disaster management functions, with technical skills and to conduct
public education programs related to disaster management at local communities.

Annex 3: DISTRICT COMMITTEE FOR DISASTER MANAGEMENT (DCDM)
At each district/, a district committee for disaster management is established, comprising of
the following membership, the District Governor is the President, a deputy district governor
is the Vice-President, the chiefs of relevant offices within the district and the district subbranch chief of Cambodian Red Cross are members, entrusted with the following
responsibilities:-

To implement the National Policy related to Disaster Management-

To select officials to participate in training courses on Disaster Management at thenational or provincial/ municipal levels-

To prepare and disseminate disaster information to the public-

To forward report on damage and needs to the Provincial Committee for Disaster
Management-

To lead operations during disaster including relief assistance, evacuation, shelter,and medical supplies-

To forward the summary report on operation and relief assistance to the Provincial
Committee for Disaster Management.

24Annex 4: Implementation Direction No. 315 NCDM, dated 21st July 2010
Network of Emergency Coordination at Commune Level

25

VDMG Composition:-

Village Headman (Chief)-

Village Assistant (Female)______________

Deputy Chief-

Village Health Support Team____________

Member-Village Animal Health Agent____________

Member-Village Cambodian Red Cross Volunteer__

Member-Other two more members base upon the village deemed necessary

26

REFERENCES:
1. HE Samdech Hun Sen, 2004, Address at the Sixth International Meeting of Asian
Disaster Reduction Center and the Third Meeting of the Secretariat of International
Strategy for Disaster Reduction, Phnom Penh, 02 February 2004
2. Abhas K. Jha, et al. 2013. Strong, Safe, and Resilient A Strategic Policy Guide forDisaster Risk Management in East Asia and the Pacific. World Bank. 2013
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