A better future for nuclear
Presentation to the Japan Nuclear HRD Network AnnualMeeting
10 February 2016

Presentation Title
Name, Job Title

Presentation ContentA better future for nuclear
Patricia Wieland, Head of WNU

A global network committed to enhancing
international education and leadership in the peacefulapplications of nuclear science and technology

A better future for nuclear
Patricia Wieland, Head of WNU

3

The WNU values
WNU provides excellent education by:• Promoting lifelong learning and networking opportunities• Continuous improvement of performances and outcomes• Fostering international collaboration for expanding learning networks• Maintaining diversity in learning environments, cultures and people• Providing equal opportunities and fair treatment in all programmes• Clear and fast communications• Using creativity and innovation in engaging fellows, faculty, and collaborators• Being passionate to manage the programmes with utmost efficiency• Demonstrating integrity, teamwork, professionalism, respect and leadership

A better future for nuclear
Patricia Wieland, Head of WNU

WNU Programmes

SummerInstitute

Radiation
Technologies
SchoolShort Course

NuclearSchool ofEnglish Course UraniumProductionNuclear Olympiad
A better future for nuclear
Patricia Wieland, Head of WNU

WNU Summer Institute2016 Marks the WNU’s 12th Anniversary• 2005: Idaho Falls, US• 2006: Stockholm, Sweden• 2007: Daejeon, Korea• 2008: Ottawa, Canada• 2009 - 2014: Oxford, UK• 2015: Uppsala, Sweden• 2016: Ottawa, Canada
A better future for nuclear
Patricia Wieland, Head of WNU

WNU Summer Institute Alumni Assemblies
Vienna, 2012

Oak Ridge, 2014

Beijing, China, 18-22 April 2016
A better future for nuclear
Patricia Wieland, Head of WNU

WNU Short coursesMongolia
TurkeyJordanChina
Singapore

BrazilSouth Africa
Argentina

A better future for nuclear
Patricia Wieland, Head of WNU

535 participants in 2015

South Korea
Malaysia

Nuclear English Course• Learn English in a nuclearspecific context• Based on the book:
Nuclear English, by Serge
GorlinA better future for nuclear
Patricia Wieland, Head of WNU

WNU Press

A better future for nuclear
Patricia Wieland, Head of WNU

A better future for nuclear
Patricia Wieland, Head of WNU

What has the world learned from Japan?

A better future for nuclearPatricia Wieland, Head of WNU

16

What has the world learned from Japan?
Many essentials for the quality of life: health, education, security, foodTechnology develops fast andindustry attends thedemand due to the JapaneseIndustrial Revolution

The lean manufacturing took
over the mass production

A better future for nuclear
Patricia Wieland, Head of WNU

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Inspiration: Toyota Production System

The key managerial values and attitudes needed to sustain continuous improvement in the long run.

1. Challenge: Having a long term vision of the challenges: “what we need to learn”
2. Kaizen: It is never good enough, no process can ever be thought perfect, so operations must be
operations must be improved continuously, striving for innovation and evolution.
3. Genchi Genbutsu: Going to the source to see the facts directly to make the right decisions.
decisions.
4. Respect: Taking every problem seriously, and making every effort to build mutual trust.
trust.
5. Teamwork: Team problem-solving. The idea is to develop and engage people through theirthrough their contribution to team performance.

A better future for nuclear
Patricia Wieland, Head of WNU18

Customer focus approach, flexibility
The key to Toyota’s success is the customer-focus that
requires quick reactions when consumer tastes changes.
Flexibility - Several different models can be produced on thesame assembly line.
As the market grows and shifts so quickly, Toyota was able torespond and anticipate where things are going

A better future for nuclear
Patricia Wieland, Head of WNU

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A case study on leadership and decision making during emergencies

THE RADIOLOGICAL ACCIDENT
IN GOIANIA, BRAZIL, 1987
A better future for nuclear
Patricia Wieland, Head of WNU

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Timeline 1987

13/9
Cs sourcestolen29/9
3pm callCNEN

29/9
6pm team
dispatched

01/10 main
piece
shielded

Clean upwork

31/12 –
emergency
is overRight Decisions
are easier to be communicatedduring a radiological emergency

#1: Phases & Actions•• evacuation
evacuation•
control• control ofof thethe spreadspread ofofcontamination
contamination•• protection
protection ofof thethe teamteam•
medicalcare• medical care•• leadershipleadershipphase 2•• cleanclean upup•
protection• protection ofof thethe teamteam•
population
screening• population screening•• medical
medical carecare•
• wastewaste management
management

Emergency is over!!

phase 1phase 3•• decontamination
decontamination ofof small
small spots
spots•
environmental
control• environmental control•• wastewaste repository
repository•
newregulations,• new regulations, collection
collection ofof disused
disusedsourcessources•• Liability
Liability andand compensationcompensation scheme
schemeTop Priorities•

Care of the affected population•

Return to normal situation:••

Set up infrastructure ($): equipment, materials, logistics•

Define clean up criteria•

Define location for the waste from the clean up•

Network for collaboration : private, state, national and internationalorganizations with honest intentions

Communicate with victims, public, media, emergency workers, politicians,
other regulators

400 emergencyworkers

Great Leaders (andcommunicators) make thedifference

Rex Nazareth
CNEN
President

Rozental
CNEN Director
for Licensing
and Control“Goiania citizen”

#3: Where are the pieces ofthe source??

93 g#4: Clean up criteria

Equity = good for you, good for meBackground level. It was not possible to defend
any reference level above the bkg

Daily limit for workers : 1.5 mSv

#5: How to show results?
After remediation, doses are
below 1 mSv/year
10-6 means something to you?

Doses at scrapyard III.
Ref. CNEN/IRD

#6: Keep it high: Communication
with emergency workers•

Different groups, perceptions, skills, health, etc.

•Overnight meetings•

Clean up criteria•

Psychological and health support needed•

Training on communications

#7: Logistics: Suitablematerials for safety#8: Waste Repository Site Selection
3.500 m3 waste repository:
The provisory became permanent

About
10 yearslater

Photo: P. Pavlicek- IAEA

#9: The right to know what is happening
is acknowledged, but safety first!

#10: Public commotion requires sometimes
unconventional solutions

What if there were victims?

emergency
Doesn’t help

YES, PLEASE

Approved clean up criteriax

Delayed decisions

x

Political/electoral speechesxEmergency workers strike for better

beforehand
Network for safety and socialsalaries

Operationally experienced andx

“Rolling heads” threat

credible leadersx

Academic discussions

Open support from high levelx

Bad infrastructure

Reliable infrastructurex

Distance from victims

SolidarityxNGO’s with non-calibrated detectors

NGO’s fair collaboration

How safe is safe enough?
Effective safety paradigm
A natural disaster caused a nuclear
plant to go wrong in Japan, killing
nobody as a result of radiation

enforced the political idea of closureof German nuclear industry.

A chemical explosion in Tianjin,
China, kills about 200 people

result no effect on German chemicalindustry.

Ensure global nuclear safety
Confidence in management of nuclear technology andoperations
Stakeholder trust
Risks in perspective

Leadership41

Time for an effective safety paradigm

The alternatives to nuclear are far
more dangerous – even including
accidents

Paul Scherrer Institut 1998:
considering 1943 accidents withmore than 5 fatalities
The role of nuclear energy
Agneta Rising, Director General42Coal mine disaster (Soma, Europe, 2014)

Deepwater Horizon oil spill Mexico Gulf (2010)
Gas Explosion Near TransSiberian Railway Kills Hundreds(1989)The role of nuclear energy
Agneta Rising, Director GeneralChallenges for leadership development“Seniormanagement
shoulddevelop and maintain leadership competenciesa)Definitionof the emergency
phasesat all levels in the organization….” IAEA Safety Standardsb) Face the uncertainties about the causes of the emergency and how to overcomethem•
Typical characteristics of leadersc) Deal with experts contradictory reports, specially those about epidemiologic studiesd) Communication with government leaders, parliament, media, international peers,•Identification of potential leaders for emergency situationsorganizations, internal staffwith
national defenseand otherorganizations
collaboratingto respond•e) Coordination
Creation ofsuitableenvironment
forleadershipdevelopment
to the emergency•f) Fatal
Preparing
andandmotivating
leaders transboundary- the role ofimpact,
HumanResources
victims, foodwater contamination,
unexpected

Department
issuesg) Mobilize suitable RH and financial supporth) Compensation for population lossesi) Clean up criteria: how safe is safe enoughA better future for nuclear
Patricia Wieland, Head of WNUConsiderations on senior management
technical knowledge“Senior management should develop and maintain leadership competencies
at all levels in the organization….” IAEA Safety Standards

Definitionof the emergency
phaseshave the minimum knowledge and be•a) The
decisionmaker shouldb) Face the uncertainties about the causes of the emergency and how to overcome

able to form inferences about the causal connections of events
them

• and
Typicalcharacteristics
ofreports,
leaders
relevant
characteristicof thethosecontext.
c) Deal on
withtheexperts
contradictory
specially
about epidemiologic studiesd) Communication
withgovernment leaders,parliament,media, international
peers,and
andunnecessary
protective
measuresare avoided•• Excessive
Identificationof
potential leaders
for emergency
situationsorganizations, internal staff

the decision making process is faster when the senior manager

withnational defense
and otherorganizations
collaborating
to respond•e) Coordination
Creation ofsuitable
environment
forleadershipdevelopment
to thefamiliarity
emergency with the installations and good understandinghas•f) Fatal
Preparing
andandmotivating
leaders transboundary- the role ofimpact,
HumanResources
victims, foodwater contamination,
unexpectedof the principles of radiation protection.
Department
issues•g) Lessons
learnedfrom
past support
accidents ( IAEA summary reports).
Mobilize suitable
RH andfinancialh) Compensation for population lossesi) Clean up criteria: how safe is safe enoughA better future for nuclear
Patricia Wieland, Head of WNUConsiderations on senior management
technical knowledge

Clear and concise publications and web
links with easy and understandable
essential topics - Apps
Visit to all nuclear installations

High level seminars about lessons learned frompast accidents

A better future for nuclear
Patricia Wieland, Head of WNUConsiderations on senior management
skills: communications and crisismanagement• Since day 1 of an emergency, the senior managers need be able
to talk to the media.
• Foster open communication within the organization and to keep
emergency workers moral high, motivation the team in
extraordinary stressful situation.
• It is fundamental to know the legal competencies and the role ofeach other organization collaboration in the emergency response,with which the senior manager is more likely to interact

A better future for nuclear
Patricia Wieland, Head of WNUConsiderations on senior management
skills: communications and crisis
management
Media training, including TV live interviews

Emergency simulation exercises and public
hearings
Role-playing sessions with professional actors tolearn how to deal with people that react
aggressively or panic

Listen to first hand experience

Keep international network

A better future for nuclear
Patricia Wieland, Head of WNUConsiderations on senior management
attitudes for crisis management
Transparency and openness to listen to concerns
Focus to solve the situation
Demonstrate responsible actions towards safety and population
Caringwell being
Quick thinking
Self-confidence and keep belief to nuclear energy
Do not underestimate the situation and care about the people
Continuously monitor the emergency response
A better future for nuclear
Patricia Wieland, Head of WNU

Nuclear energy = clean, affordable, reliable

THE ROLE OF NUCLEAR
ENERGY
A better future for nuclear
Patricia Wieland, Head of WNU

50

IEA 2°C Scenario: Nuclear is Required to Provide the Largest Contribution
to Global Electricity in 2050

The role of nuclear energy
Agneta Rising, Director General

Source: International Energy Agency© 2015 Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development‹#›Highest level of construction intwenty five years: 66 reactors worldwide
RussiaChina

824

China 2015:
8 reactors began todeliver electricity
6 new construction starts

6FranceBelarus

Chinese Taipei

21 Finland
2USA

Argentina

1BrazilPakistan

512India

4South Korea

14Slovakia
A better future for nuclear
Patricia Wieland, Head of WNU

23UAE
Japan
Source IAEA January 2016
A.Rising presentation

The role of nuclear: Substantial growthrequired to meet demand in IEA 2°C scenario

TWh
9000

680
GW

7000
5000

11% ofgeneration

930
GW

3000

1000
0396GW

150 GW

GW
1000 17% of800 generation
6004006500 TWh

8000 TWh200
Retirements

Additions

0-1000-2002014

2050
53

The role of nuclear energy
Agneta Rising, Director General

Source: IEA-NEA, 2015, Technology Roadmap: Nuclear Energy, Paris: OECD-IEA: p. 22;
IEA, 2015, Energy Technology Perspectives 2015, Paris: OECD-IEA

Increase accessibility to nuclear energy

Nuclear industry must play its role
• Keep nuclear competitive, deliver on time and to budget.
• Build confidence among its stakeholders about the reliable,
affordable and clean nature of nuclear energy.

54The role of nuclear energy
Agneta Rising, Director General

The global nuclear industry: identify barriers, engage
in dialog, develop key actions• Level playing field: Establish a level playing field for all lowcarbon technologies, valuing not only environmental
qualities, but also reliability and grid system costs.
• Harmonise regulatory processes: enhance standardisation,
harmonise and update global codes and standards.
• Effective safety paradigm: Ensure global nuclear safety.
Confidence in management of nuclear technology andoperations. Stakeholder trust. Risks in perspective.
The role of nuclear energyAgneta Rising, Director General56

Why Inter-regional cooperation• Withdue consideration to the diversity of cultures and context, as well as to faircompetition, knowledge sharing among peers contributes to the sustainable developmentof nuclear industry in different countries• Intergovernmental organizations and international trade associations facilitate the shareof views and leading practice. The advantage of international networking with peers is
incommensurable in a globalized market• To meet the needs of nuclear professionals within this expanding nuclear industry, theWORLD NUCLEAR UNIVERSITY can draw on its network of international organizations,academia, research centers and industry to provide a range of educational and training
programmes around the world.

58

The WNU SummerInstituteHow to Achieve the Objectives
Present cutting-edgeknowledge and broadinternational perspective
on nuclear topics

Expose participants to theworld’s leading thinkers on
nuclear applications
Enable participants to experience
practical teamwork with peersfrom many nations
Inspire participants to commit themselves toadvancing nuclear science and technology
60

SI CurriculumContent (270 h)
Global Setting
Nuclear Industry
Law, Safety, Security, Safeguards
Leadership, communication, project management

Methodology
20% Lectures
45 % Workshops, interactive platforms, simulations, mini forums
15 % Technical visits
10 % Invited leaders presentations
10% Network for Nuclear Innovations

61

WNU SI 2015 classThe WNU SI Alumni Network

Deadline for Applications: 12 February
2015

A better future for nuclear
Patricia Wieland, Head of WNU

Take away points••••

A better future for nuclear
Patricia Wieland, Head of WNU

The world learned with Japan
how to produce with quality andefficiency. Any solution can befound here.
Training for emergency
situations is different fromclassroom traditional – special
skills and attitudes are required
The world needs more clean,reliable and affordable energy,
but change is needed, in termsof effective safety paradigm,
level playing field andharmonized regulatory process
In a globalized world,international network can help
to prepare future leaders.

Thank You!

www.world-nuclear-university.org
Facebook: World Nuclear University
patricia.wieland@world-nuclear.org

A better future for nuclear
Patricia Wieland, Head of WNU