γ ⣔ࢫࢸࣥࣞࢫ㗰ࡢ 3 ḟඖᚤᵓ㐀ゎᯒ◊✲௦⾲⪅ ஑ᕞ኱Ꮫ኱Ꮫ㝔ᕤᏛ◊✲㝔ᮦᩱᕤᏛ㒊㛛 ෸ᩍᤵ ᑎす ு1㸬⥴ゝ 㕲ࡣࠊᡃࠎࡢఫࡴᆅ⌫ࡢᆅ⾲࡛ࠊ㓟⣲ࠊࢣ࢖⣲ࠊ࢔࣑ࣝࢽ࣒࢘࡟ḟ࠸࡛ከࡃᏑᅾࡍࡿඖ⣲࡛࠶ࡾࠊ㕲࡟ࡉࡲࡊࡲ࡞ඖ⣲ࢆῧຍࡍࡿࡇ࡜࡛స〇ࡉࢀࡿ㕲㗰ᮦᩱࡣ⌧௦♫఍ࡢᇶ┙ᮦᩱ࡜࡞ࡗ࡚࠸ࡿ 1)ࠋࢫࢸࣥࣞࢫ㗰ࡣࠊࠕ⪏㣗ᛶࠖࠕ⪏⇕ᛶࠖࠕព໶ᛶࠖࠕప ≉ᛶࠖࠕຍᕤᛶࠖ࡞࡝ࡢඃࢀࡓ≉ᛶࢆ᭷ࡋࠊࣇ࢙ࣛ࢖ࢺ⣔ࠊ࣐ࣝࢸࣥࢧ࢖ࢺ⣔ࠊ࣮࢜ࢫࢸࢼ࢖ࢺ⣔ࠊ࣮࢜ࢫࢸࢼ࢖ࢺ࣭ࣇ࢙ࣛ࢖ࢺ⣔ࠊᯒฟ◳໬⣔࡟኱ูࡉࢀࡿࠋࡇࡢ࠺ࡕࠊ࣮࢜ࢫࢸࢼ࢖ࢺ⣔㸦௨㝆γ ࡜⾲グ㸧ࢫࢸࣥࣞࢫ㗰ࡣࠊ⪏㣗ᛶࡸᘏᛶࠊ㠎ᛶ࡟ᐩࡳࠊࡲࡓᗈ࠸ ᗘ⠊ᅖ࡛ඃࢀࡓᶵᲔ≉ᛶࢆ♧ࡍ࡯࠿☢ᛶࡸప ⬤ᛶࡀ࡞࠸ࡇ࡜➼࠿ࡽࠊᐙᗞ⏝ရࢆࡣࡌࡵᘓ⠏⏝ᮦࠊ⮬ື㌴ࠊ
㕲㐨㌴୧⏝ᮦ࡞࡝⏘ᴗศ㔝࡟ᗈࡃᬑཬࡋ࡚࠸ࡿ㸦ࡑࡢ㟂せࡣ඲ࢫࢸࣥࣞࢫ㗰ࡢ 6 ๭ࢆ㉸࠼ࡿ㸧2-5)ࠋ
 ࡇࢀࡽඃࢀࡓ≉ᛶࢆ᭷ࡍࡿ γ ⣔ࢫࢸࣥࣞࢫ㗰࡛ࡣ࠶ࡿࡀࠊ⎔ቃ࡟ࡼࡗ࡚ࡣᛂຊ⭉㣗๭ࢀࡸᏍ㣗ࠊ⢏⏺⭉㣗࡞࡝ࡢᒁ㒊⭉㣗⌧㇟ࡀ㉳ࡇࡿ 6)ࠋࡲࡓࠊ㗰ࢆ⁐᥋ࡍࡿ㝿ࡢຍ⇕᫬࡟ CrⅣ໬≀⏕ᡂ ᗘᇦ࡟࡞ࡿ࡜ࠊFig. 1 ࡟♧ࡍࡼ࠺࡟⤖ᬗ⢏⏺࡟ Cr ࢆ୺ᡂศ࡜ࡍࡿ M23C6࡜࿧ࡤࢀࡿⅣ໬≀ࡀᯒฟࡋࠊࡑࡢ㏆ഐ࡛ࡣ Cr Ḟஈᒙࡀᙧᡂࡉࢀࡿࠋࡑࡢ㝿ࠊCr ⃰ᗘࡀ୙ືែࢆ⥔ᣢࡍࡿࡓࡵࡢ Cr ⃰ᗘ㸦12%㸧ࢆୗᅇࡿ࡜⪏㣗ᛶࡀపୗࡋࠊࡑࡢ⤖ᯝ⭉㣗ࡀⓎ⏕ࡍࡿ㸦⢏⏺⭉㣗㸧ࠋCr Ḟஈᇦࡀᙧᡂࡉࢀࡓ≧ែࡣ㗦ᩄ໬࡜࿧ࡤࢀࡿࠋ 㗦ᩄ໬ࡋࡓ γ ⣔ࢫࢸࣥࣞࢫ㗰ࡢ⢏⏺⭉㣗ࢆ㜵Ṇࡍࡿࡓࡵ࡟ࡣࠊ⢏⏺࡟ M23C6 ࡀᯒฟࡋࡓ㗰ࢆ 1273 K ௨ୖࡢ㧗 ࡟෌ຍ⇕ᚋᛴ෭ࡍࡿฎ⌮㸦⁐య໬ฎ⌮㸧ࢆ⾜࠺ᚲせࡀ࠶ࡿࠋࡇࡢฎ⌮࡟ࡼࡗ࡚ࠊᯒฟࡋࡓ M23C6 ࡣ෌ࡧẕ┦୰࡟⁐ࡅ㎸ࡳ Cr Ḟஈᒙࡀᾘኻࡋࠊ⢏⏺⭉㣗࡟ᑐࡍࡿឤཷᛶࡀపῶࡍࡿࠋࡲࡓࠊᐇ⏝ୖ⁐య໬ฎ⌮ࡀᅔ㞴࡞ሙྜࡣࠊ㗰୰ࡢⅣ⣲ྵ᭷㔞ࡀప࠸పⅣ⣲㗰ࢆ౑⏝ࡍࡿ࠿ࠊCr ࡼࡾࡶⅣ⣲࡜ࡢぶ࿴ຊࡀᙉ࠸ Ti ࡸ Nb ࢆῧຍࡋࠊ㗰
୰ࡢⅣ⣲ࢆ TiC ࡲࡓࡣ NbC ࡢᙧ࡛ணࡵᏳᐃ໬ฎ⌮ࢆ᪋ࡋࡓ㗰✀ࡀ౑⏝ࡉࢀࡿ 7)ࠋNb ῧຍFig.1 Schematic image of welded part in austenitic stainless steel㸫㸫㗰ࡣࠊ⪏㣗ᛶࡸ⪏⇕ᛶࡀ㧗ࡃࠊ໬Ꮫࣉࣛࣥࢺࡢ㓄⟶ࡸ࣎࢖ࣛࡢ⇕஺᥮ჾ࡞࡝࡟౑⏝ࡉࢀ࡚࠸ࡿ 8)ࠋ
 Nb ῧຍ㗰࡛ࡣࠊẕ┦୰࡬ࡢ Nb ཎᏊࡢᅛ⁐ࡸ Nb ࢆ୺ᡂศ࡜ࡍࡿᯒฟ≀ࡢ⏕ᡂ࡟ࡼࡾᮦᩱࡢᙉᗘࡀྥୖࡍࡿࡇ࡜ࡀ▱ࡽࢀ࡚࠸ࡿ 9-12)ࠋ౛࠼ࡤࠊ⤖ᬗ⢏ࢧ࢖ࢬࡣ⁐య໬ ᗘ࡟౫Ꮡࡍࡿࡀ 13,14)ࠊNb ཎᏊ࡟ࡼࡿࢻࣛࢵࢢຠᯝࡸ NbC ࡟ࡼࡿࣆࣥࢽࣥࢢຠᯝ࡟ࡼࡾ෌⤖ᬗ㏿ᗘࢆ㐜ᘏࡉࡏࡿࡇ࡜ࡀྍ⬟࡜࡞ࡿ 15-17)ࠋࡑࡢ⤖ᯝࠊ⤖ᬗ⢏ࡢᚤ⣽໬ࢆಁ㐍ࡍࡿࡇ࡜ࡀྍ⬟࡜࡞ࡾࠊ㠎ᛶࡸᘬᙇࡾᙉᗘࡢྥୖࡀᮇᚅ࡛ࡁࡿ 18,19)ࠋࡉࡽ࡟ࠊNbC ࡢᏑᅾࡣᯒฟᙉ໬ࡸᛂຊ࡟ࡶ኱ࡁ࡞ᙳ㡪ࢆཬࡰࡍࡇ࡜ 20)ࠊNbC ࡢᯒฟࡀ M23C6 ࡢᯒฟࢆㄏⓎࡍࡿࡇ࡜ 21)ࠊࡲࡓ
ᅛ⁐య୰ࡢ C 㔞ࡢపୗࡀᡂᙧᛶࢆᨵၿࡍࡿ 22)࡞࡝ࡢሗ࿌ࡀ࠶ࡿࠋࡇࡢࡼ࠺࡟ࠊඖ⣲ࡢῧຍࡸ➨஧┦ࡢᯒฟ࡟ࡼࡗ࡚ẕᮦࡢ≉ᛶࢆᨵ㉁ࡍࡿࡇ࡜ࡀ࡛ࡁࡿࡀࠊ
㗰ࡢ࣐ࢡࣟ≉ᛶࢆ⌮ゎࡋࠊ᭦࡟㧗ࡵ࡚࠸ࡃࡓࡵ࡟ࡣヨᩱ୰ࡢᯒฟ≀࡞࡝ࡢᚤᵓ㐀ࡢ▱ぢࢆᚓࡿࡇ࡜ࡀ㠀ᖖ࡟㔜せ࡜࡞ࡿࠋ ᚤᵓ㐀ࡢゎᯒࡣࠊࡇࢀࡲ࡛㉮ᰝᆺ㟁Ꮚ㢧ᚤ㙾㸦Scanning Electron MicroscopyࠊSEM㸧ࡸ㉮ᰝ㏱㐣ᆺ㟁Ꮚ㢧ᚤ㙾㸦Scanning Transmission Electron MicroscopyࠊSTEM㸧➼ࡢᡭἲࢆ⏝࠸ࠊ୍⯡ⓗ࡟ࡣ஧ḟඖⓗ࡟⾜ࢃࢀ࡚࠸ࡿࠋࡇࢀ࡟ᑐࡋ࡚ࠊ⤌⧊ࢆ 3 ḟඖⓗ࡟ゎᯒࡍࡿᡭἲࡀ㏆ᖺ኱ࡁࡃ㐍ᒎࡋ࡚ࡁ࡚࠾ࡾࠊᮦᩱ㛤Ⓨศ㔝ࡢࡳ࡞ࡽࡎࠊ་ᏛࠊᆅᏛࠊ㖔≀ࠊᶵᲔࠊ⯟✵Ᏹᐂ࡞࡝ከᒱ࡟ࢃࡓࡿศ㔝࡛ᒎ㛤ࡉࢀ࡚࠸ࡿࠋ3 ḟඖほᐹࡣࠊFig. 2 ࡟♧ࡍࡼ࠺࡟ዟ⾜ࡁࢆṇ☜࡟ᢕᥱࡍࡿࡇ࡜ࡀ࡛ࡁࡿࡓࡵࠊ2 ḟඖ࡛ࡣᤊ࠼ࡽࢀ࡞࠿ࡗࡓ᝟ሗࡶᚓࡿࡇ
࡜ࡀ࡛ࡁࡿࠋ᥮ゝࡍࡿ࡜ࠊ⤌⧊ࢆ 3 ḟඖⓗ࡟ᢕᥱࡋ࡞ࡅࢀࡤ≀యࡢᙧែࡸ✵㛫ศᕸࢆṇࡋࡃホ౯ࡍࡿࡇ࡜࡟ࡣ࡞ࡽ࡞࠸࡜ࡶゝ࠼ࡿࠋࡇࢀࡲ࡛࡟ሗ࿌ࡉࢀ࡚࠸ࡿ୺࡞ 3 ḟඖゎᯒἲࢆ
Table1 ࡟♧ࡍࠋ3 ḟඖ࢔ࢺ࣒ࣉ࣮ࣟࣈ㸦3 Dimensional Atom Probeࠊ3DAP㸧ἲ 23,24)ࠊ
(S)TEM ࢺࣔࢢࣛࣇ࢕ἲ 25-27)ࠊ㞟᮰࢖࢜ࣥࣅ࣮࣒㸦Focused Ion BeamࠊFIB㸧ἲ࡜ SEMἲࢆ⤌ࡳྜࢃࡏࡓ FIB-SEM ࢩࣜ࢔ࣝࢭࢡࢩࣙࢽࣥࢢἲ 28,29) ࠊගᏛ㢧ᚤ㙾㸦OpticalMicroscopyࠊOM㸧ࢩࣜ࢔ࣝࢭࢡࢩࣙࢽࣥࢢἲ 30)࡞࡝ࡀ࠶ࡾࠊࡑࢀࡒࢀࡢᡭἲ࡟࠾࠸࡚ศ
ゎ⬟࡜ほᐹ㡿ᇦ࡟≉ᚩࡀ࠶ࡿࠋࡑࡢࡓࡵࠊほᐹᑐ㇟ࡢࢧ࢖ࢬࡸ⤌ᡂ࡞࡝ࠊᑐ㇟࡜ࡍࡿᮦᩱࡸせồࡉࢀࡿ᝟ሗ࡟ᑐࡋ࡚⿦⨨ࡸᡭἲࢆ㐺ษ࡟౑࠸ศࡅࡿࡇ࡜ࡀ㔜せ࡛࠶ࡿࠋFig.2 Difference of microstructures observation in 2D and 3D㸫㸫

Table 1 Kinds of 3D observation method 31)

 Nb ῧຍ㗰࡟࠾࠸࡚ࡶࠊᯒฟ≀ࡢᯒฟᣲືࡸศᩓ≧ែࡣ SEM ࡸ(S)TEM ➼ࢆࡣࡌࡵ࡜ࡍ
ࡿࡉࡲࡊࡲ࡞ 2 ḟඖⓗゎᯒᡭἲ࡟ࡼࡾᩘከࡃゎᯒࡉࢀ࡚ࡁ࡚࠸ࡿࡀ 32-35)ࠊFig. 2 ࡟♧ࡍࡼ࠺࡟ᯒฟ≀ࡢᙧែ➼ࢆ 3 ḟඖⓗ࡟ᵓ㐀ゎᯒࡍࡿࡇ࡜ࡀ࡛ࡁࢀࡤ࣐ࢡࣟⓗ࡞≉ᛶ࡜⤌⧊ࡢ┦㛵࡟ᑐࡍࡿ⌮ゎࢆࡼࡾ୍ᒙ῝ࡵࡿࡇ࡜ࡀ࡛ࡁࡿࠋࡑࡇ࡛ࠊᮏ◊✲࡛ࡣ Nb ῧຍ㗰ࢆ 3 ḟඖゎᯒࡋࠊ⢏⏺ᯒฟ≀ࡢศᩓ≧ែࡸᙧែࡢ᝟ሗࢆᚓࡿࡇ࡜ࢆ┠ⓗ࡜ࡍࡿࠋ2㸬ᐇ㦂᪉ἲ2-1 ⇕ฎ⌮᮲௳࡜ヨᩱ‽ഛ ᮏᐇ㦂࡟౑⏝ࡋࡓ Nb ῧຍ㗰ࡣࠊᅽᘏᚋࡢཌࡳ 5 cm ⛬ᗘࡢࣂࣝࢡ≧࡛ࠊTable 2 ࡟♧ࡍ໬Ꮫ⤌ᡂࢆ᭷ࡍࡿࠋᮏ◊✲࡛ࡣ Fig. 3 ࡟♧ࡍ᮲௳࡛ヨᩱࢆస〇ࡋࡓࠋࡲࡎࠊヨᩱࢆྲྀࡾᢅ
࠸ࡸࡍࡃࡍࡿ┠ⓗ࡛ཌࡉࢆ 1 mm ⛬ᗘࡲ࡛ᅽᘏࡋࠊࡑࡢᚋࠊ1573 K ࡛ 3.6 ks ࡢ⁐య໬ฎ⌮ࡋᚋࠊ1173 K ࡛ 10.8 ks ࡛Ᏻᐃ໬ฎ⌮ࢆ᪋ࡋࡓࠋSEM ⏝ヨᩱࡣࠊ1 mm×1 mm ࡢࢧ࢖ࢬ࡟ษࡾฟࡋࡓᚋࠊFIB ධᑕഃ㠃࡜⾲㠃ࢆࣂࣇ◊☻ࡋࠊTEM ⏝ヨᩱࡣ Automatic power
control Model 120㸦Fischione ♫〇㸧ࢆ⏝࠸࡚ 90%ࡢ㓑㓟࡜ 10 %ࡢ㐣ሷ⣲㓟ࡢᾎ୰࡛㟁ゎ◊☻ࢆ⾜ࡗࡓࠋ
Table 2 Composition of sample㸫㸫

Fig.3 Condition of sample preparation

2-2 ゎᯒ᪉ἲ ヨᩱࡢ 3 ḟඖほᐹࡣࠊFIB-SEM ࢆ⏝࠸ࡓࢩࣜ࢔ࣝࢭࢡࢩࣙࢽࣥࢢἲ࡟ࡼࡾほᐹࡋࡓࢹ࣮ࢱࢆ 3 ḟඖ෌ᵓ⠏ࡍࡿࡇ࡜࡟ࡼࡾྲྀᚓࡋࡓࠋ
FIB-SEM ࢩࣜ࢔ࣝࢭࢡࢩࣙࢽࣥࢢἲ࡜ࡣࠊ
Table 1 ࡟♧ࡋࡓࡼ࠺࡟ 3 ḟඖ෌ᵓ⠏ീࡢྲྀᚓ᪉ἲࡢ୍ࡘ࡛࠶ࡾࠊOM ࢩࣜ࢔ࣝࢭࢡࢩࣙࢽࣥࢢἲࡼࡾࡶศゎ⬟ࡀ㧗ࡃࠊTEM ࢺࣔࢢࣛࣇ࢕ἲࡼࡾࡶᗈ࠸ࢧࣈ࣐࢖ࢡ࣓࣮ࣟࢺࣝ࠿ࡽ࣑࣓࣮ࣜࢺࣝࡢ࣮࢜ࢲ࣮࡛ࡢほᐹ࡟ඃࢀࡿࠋࡲࡓࢳࣕࣥࣂ࣮ෆ࡟ᤄධ࡛ࡁࡿヨᩱࢧ࢖ࢬ࡛࠶ࢀࡤほᐹࡀẚ㍑ⓗᐜ᫆࡟⾜࠼ࠊ☢ᛶᮦᩱࡸ⏕యᮦᩱ࡞࡝ TEM ほᐹ࡟୙ྥࡁࡢᮦᩱ࡟ᑐࡋ࡚ࡶไ⣙ࡀᑡ࡞࠸࡜࠸࠺≉㛗ࡀ࠶ࡿࠋᮏἲ࡟ࡼࡿほᐹീࡢゎീᗘࡣࠊx-y 㠃ࡣ SEM ⿦⨨ࡢศゎ⬟࡟౫Ꮡࡋࠊz ᪉ྥࡣヨᩱࡢࢫࣛ࢖ࢫཌࡳ࡟౫Ꮡࡍࡿࠋࡇࡢࡇ࡜࠿ࡽࠊᚲせ࡞࣎ࢡࢭࣝศゎ⬟ࡸྲྀᚓయ✚ࢆไᚚࡋࡸࡍ࠸ࡇ࡜ࡶ≉㛗࡜ࡋ࡚ᣲࡆࡽࢀࡿ 28)29)36)(37)ࠋ
 ᮏ◊✲࡛ࡣࠊᮏἲࢆ⏝࠸࡚㐃⥆ⓗ࡟᩿㠃 SEM ീࢆྲྀᚓࡋ࡚ 3 ḟඖྍど໬ࢆ⾜ࡗࡓࠋసᴗᡭ㡰ࢆ Fig. 4 ࡟♧ࡍࠋձ ),% ࡢ *Dࣅ࣮࣒࡟ࡼࡾヨᩱࡢ᭱⾲㠃ࡢ୍ᐃཌࡳࢆ๐ࡿࠋղ ⌧ࢀࡓ᪂ࡋ࠸᩿㠃ࢆ 6(0 ࡛ほᐹࡍࡿࠋճ ձ࡜ղࡢᕤ⛬ࢆ⧞ࡾ㏉ࡋ࡚ྠど㔝ࡢ㐃⥆᩿㠃 6(0 ീࢆྲྀᚓࡍࡿࠋմ ྲྀᚓࡋࡓ㐃⥆ 6(0 ീࢆ 3& ୖ࡛  ḟඖྍど໬ࡍࡿࠋ

Fig.4 Schematic image of FIB-SEM slice-sectioning tomography method㸫㸫

3㸬⤖ᯝ࡜⪃ᐹ
3-1 3 ḟඖほᐹ FIB-SEM ࢩࣜ࢔ࣝࢭࢡࢩࣙࢽࣥࢢἲ࡟ࡼࡾᚓࡽࢀࡓ㐃⥆᩿㠃 SEM ീࡢ୍㒊࡜ࠊほᐹࡋࡓ㒊ศࡢㄝ᫂ᅗࢆࡑࢀࡒࢀ Fig. 5(a)࡜(b)࡟♧ࡍࠋࡇࡢど㔝࡛ࡣ⢏⏺ୖࡢᯒฟ≀ࡀẕ┦ࡼࡾࡶ⃰࠸ࢥࣥࢺࣛࢫࢺ࡛Ꮡᅾࡋ࡚࠸ࡿࡇ࡜ࡀศ࠿ࡿࠋࡇࡢ᩿㠃ീࡢ࠺ࡕࠊ⢏⏺㠃ࡀྍど໬㡿ᇦࡢഃ㠃࡜ᖹ⾜࡜࡞ࡿࡼ࠺࡟㉥࠸ᅄゅ࡛ᅖࢇࡔ㡿ᇦ㸦ᶓ 1.5 μm, ⦪ 3.5 μm, ዟ⾜ࡁ 4.5μm㸧࡟࠾ࡅࡿ⢏⏺ᯒฟ≀ࢆ PC ୖ࡛❧యⓗ࡟ྍど໬ࡋࡓࠋ 3 ḟඖ෌ᵓ⠏ࢆ⾜࠺ࡓࡵ࡟౑⏝ࡋࡓ㐃⥆᩿㠃 SEM ീࡢ୍ᯛࢆ Fig. 6(a)࡟♧ࡍࠋࡇࡇ࡛ࠊῐ࠸ࢥࣥࢺࣛࢫࢺࡢ⤖ᬗ⢏ࢆ⢏ Aࠊ⃰࠸ࢥࣥࢺࣛࢫࢺࡢ⤖ᬗ⢏ࢆ⢏ B ࡜ࡍࡿࠋ⢏ A ࡜⢏ Bࡢ㛫ࡢ⢏⏺ᯒฟ≀ࢆ 3 ḟඖ෌ᵓ⠏ࡋࡓ࡜ࡇࢁࠊFig. 6(b)࡟♧ࡍࡼ࠺࡟ 124 ಶࡢᯒฟ≀ࡀᚓࡽࢀࡓࠋࡇࡢྍど໬ࡋࡓ box ෆࡢ xࠊ㹷ࠊz ᪉ྥࡣ Fig. 6(b)୰࡟♧ࡋ࡚࠸ࡿࠋ

(b)

(a)

၄ੀभෲল੟

၄৔भ๶಍ऩෲল੟
၄৔भ႗পऩෲল੟
1 μm

1 μm

Fig.5 Cross-sectional SEM image (a) and explanations of the observed area

(a)

(b)

⢏A

⢏Bzzx

1 μmx

1 μm

yFig.6 Cross-sectional SEM image of grain boundary at x-z plane(a) and3D-structure of the precipitations at the grain boundary(b)㸫㸫

3-2 ⤫ィฎ⌮ ᚓࡽࢀࡓ⢏⏺ᯒฟ≀࡟ࡘ࠸࡚ࠊࣇ࢙ࣞᚄ࡟࠾ࡅࡿ᪉఩࣋ࢡࢺࣝࢆ⤫ィⓗ࡟ฎ⌮ࡍࡿࡇ࡜ࢆヨࡳࡓࠋࡇࡢ࡜ࡁࠊඹศᩓࡢᅛ᭷್࠾ࡼࡧᅛ᭷࣋ࢡࢺࣝࡢᴫᛕࢆ⏝࠸ࡓࠋ3 ḟඖ࡛࠶ࡿࡇ࡜ࢆ⪃៖ࡋ࡚ 3×3 ࡢඹศᩓ⾜ิ A ࢆ⨨ࡁࠊA ࡟ᑐࡋ࡚ 0 ࡛ࡣ࡞࠸ኚ᥮࣋ࢡࢺࣝ x ࡀ࠶ࡿ࡜ࡍࡿ࡜ࠊ㸦㸯㸧ᘧࡀᡂࡾ❧ࡘࠋ ൌ ɉ                        㸦㸯㸧 ࡇࡇ࡛ࠊλ ࡣ A ࡢᅛ᭷್ࠊx ࡣᅛ᭷࣋ࢡࢺ࡛ࣝ࠶ࡿࠋ࣎ࢡࢭࣝࢹ࣮ࢱࢆඹศᩓ⾜ิ A ࡜ᤊ࠼ࡿ࡜ࠊᗈ⩏࡛ࡣ λ ࡣኚᙧࡢ኱ࡁࡉࠊx ࡣኚᙧࡢ᪉ྥ࡜⪃࠼ࡽࢀࡿࠋࡋࡓࡀࡗ࡚ࠊ㸦2㸧ᘧ࡛ᐃ⩏ࡉࢀࡿኚᩘ A ࢆ⪃࠼ࡿ㸦X,Y,Z ࡣྛ࣎ࢡࢭࣝࡢ఩⨨㸧ࠋ ൌ  ൅  ൅                      㸦2㸧 ศᩓࡀ᭱኱࡜࡞ࡿ aࠊbࠊc ࢆᑟฟࡍࡿࡇ࡜࡛ࠊ᭱ࡶᩓࡽࡤࡿ㝿ࡢᗘྜ࡜᪉ྥࢆỴᐃࡍࡿࡇ࡜ࡀ࡛ࡁࠊࣇ࢙ࣞᚄ a ࡟࠾ࡅࡿ xࠊyࠊz ᪉ྥࡢᅛ᭷࣋ࢡࢺࣝࡀồࡵࡽࢀࡿࠋࣇ࢙ࣞᚄ c࡟࠾ࡅࡿᅛ᭷࣋ࢡࢺࣝ࡟ࡘ࠸࡚ࡣࠊྠᵝ࡟᭱ࡶᩓࡽࡤࡾࡢᑡ࡞࠸㝿ࡢᗘྜ࡜᪉ྥ࡟ࡼࡾ
(d,e,f)ࢆồࡵࡿࡇ࡜ࡀ࡛ࡁࡿࠋࣇ࢙ࣞᚄ b ࡢᅛ᭷࣋ࢡࢺࣝࡣࠊᚓࡽࢀࡓ(a,b,c)࡜(d,e,f)ࡢ┤஺ᡂศ࠿ࡽồࡵࡽࢀࡿࠋ ୖ㏙ࡋࡓᐃ⩏࡟ࡼࡿ⤫ィࢆ⏝࠸࡚ᡂ㛗᪉ྥ࡟ࡼࡿᯒฟ≀ࡢุูࢆ⾜ࡗࡓࠋࣇ࢙ࣞᚄ a ࡟
࠾ࡅࡿ z ᪉ྥࡢᅛ᭷࣋ࢡࢺࣝ(Evector-az)࡜ࣇ࢙ࣞᚄ b ࡟࠾ࡅࡿ x ᪉ྥࡢᅛ᭷࣋ࢡࢺࣝ(Evector-bx)ࡢศᕸᅗࢆ Fig. 7 ࡟♧ࡍࠋศᩓ≧ែࡀ≉ᐃࡢሙᡤ࡛ᐦ࡛࠶ࡗࡓࡇ࡜࠿ࡽࠊᩘ
್࡟ࡼࡗ࡚ࡋࡁ࠸್ࢆタࡅࠊ3 ✀㢮࡟Ⰽศࡅࡋࡓࠋࡇࡢᩘ್࡟ࡼࡾࠊࣇ࢕ࣝࢱ―ࢆ࠿ࡅ࡚෌ᵓ⠏ࢆ⾜ࡗࡓീࢆ Fig. 8 ࡟♧ࡍࠋFig. 7 ࡟࠾࠸࡚㣕ࡧᆅⓗ࡟Ꮡᅾࡋศู࡛ࡁ࡞࠿ࡗࡓࣉ
ࣟࢵࢺⅬࡣࠊFig. 8 ࡟࠾࠸࡚㉥࡛♧ࡉࢀࡿᯒฟ≀࡛࠶ࡿࠋࡇࢀࡽࡣ༑ศᡂ㛗ࡋ࡚࠸࡞࠿ࡗ
ࡓࡓࡵࠊࣇ࢙ࣞᚄࡢᅛ᭷࣋ࢡࢺࣝ࡟ࡼࡿഴྥࡀ⌧ࢀ࡚࡞࠿ࡗࡓࡶࡢ࡜⪃࠼ࡽࢀࡿࠋࡑࡢ௚

Fig.7

Distributions of characteristic vector of Feret's diameter a and b forz-direction and x-direction, respectively㸫㸫

121 ಶࡢᯒฟ≀࡟ࡘ࠸࡚ࡣࠊᡂ㛗࣋ࢡࢺࣝࡢ⤫ィⓗ࡞ฎ⌮࡟ࡼࡾࡣࡗࡁࡾ࡜ㄆ㆑ࡍࡿࡇ࡜
ࡀ࡛ࡁࡓࠋ

1 μm
Fig.8 3D image reconstructed after filtration of characteristic vector

3-3 3 ḟඖീࡢᵓ⠏ Fig. 9(a)࡟ 3 ḟඖ෌ᵓ⠏ീࡢほᐹ᪉ྥࢆᅗ♧ࡋࠊࡇࢀࡽࡢほᐹ᪉ྥ࠿ࡽほᐹࡋࡓ㯤Ⰽࡢᯒฟ≀ࡢศᩓ≧ែࢆ Fig. 9(b)࡟ࠊ㟷Ⰽࡢᯒฟ≀ࡢศᩓ≧ែࢆ Fig. 9(c)࡟ࠊ⥳Ⰽࡢᯒฟ≀ࡢศᩓ≧ែࢆ Fig. 9(d)࡟♧ࡍࠋx ᪉ྥほᐹ࠿ࡽ࡝ࡢᯒฟ≀⩌ࡶ⢏⏺࡜ᖹ⾜࡞ y-z 㠃ୖ࡛ࡢᗈࡀࡾࡀ୍␒኱ࡁࡃࠊ⢏⏺࡟ἢࡗ࡚ᡂ㛗ࡋ࡚࠸ࡿᵝᏊࡀࢃ࠿ࡿࠋࡋ࠿ࡋ࡞ࡀࡽࠊz ᪉ྥほᐹ࡛ࡣ⢏⏺࡟ἢࡗ࡚ᡂ㛗ࡋ࡚࠸ࡿ㟷Ⰽࡸ⥳Ⰽࡢᯒฟ≀⩌࡟ẚ࡭ࠊ㯤Ⰽࡢᯒฟ≀⩌ࡔࡅࡀ⢏ A࡜⢏ B ࢆᶓ᩿ࡍࡿࡼ࠺࡟ఙࡧ࡚࠸ࡓࠋࡉࡽ࡟ࠊy ᪉ྥほᐹ࠿ࡽ㯤Ⰽࡢᯒฟ≀⩌ࡣ⢏⏺࡜ᖹ⾜࡟ᡂ㛗ࡋ࡚࠸ࡿࡢ࡟ᑐࡋࠊ㟷Ⰽࡢᯒฟ≀⩌ࡣ⢏ B ഃ࡟ࠊ⥳Ⰽࡢᯒฟ≀⩌ࡣ⢏ A ഃ࡟ࠊ⢏⏺࠿ࡽഴ࠸࡚ᡂ㛗ࡋ࡚࠸ࡿࡇ࡜ࡀࢃ࠿ࡗࡓࠋ ࡇࡇ࡛ࠊ⢏⏺ᯒฟ≀ࡢ㔜ᚰ఩⨨ࢆ Fig. 10 ࡟♧ࡍࠋྛⰍࡢᯒฟ≀ࡢศᩓ≧ែࡀ೫ࡗ࡚࠸
࡞࠸ࡇ࡜࠿ࡽࠊᯒฟ≀ࡢ㓄ิ࡟つ๎ᛶࡀ࡞࠸࡜࠸࠼ࡿࠋࡲࡓࠊ⢏ෆᯒฟ≀࡜ࡢ┦㛵ᛶࢆㄪ࡭ࡿࡓࡵࠊFig. 11 ࡟ 1 ࡘࡢ{111}㠃࡟஌ࡗࡓ⢏ෆᯒฟ≀ࢆྍど໬ࡋࡓീࢆ♧ࡍࠋ⢏ෆ࡟Ⓨ⏕ࡋࡓ㌿఩ࡣ⢏⏺࡬ᢤࡅ࡚࠸ࡃᛶ㉁ࢆᣢࡘࡇ࡜࠿ࡽࠊ㌿఩ࡣ⢏ෆᯒฟ≀ࡢ࡞ࡍ㠃࡜ࡪࡘ࠿ࡿሙᡤ࡟ሁ✚ࡍࡿ࡜⪃࠼ࡽࢀࡿࡀࠊ⢏ෆほᐹ࠿ࡽࡣ≉ᐃࡢᯒฟ≀⩌ࡀඃඛⓗ࡟Ꮡᅾࡋࡓࡾ⢏⏺ᯒฟ≀ࡀᐦ㞟ࡋ࡚ᏑᅾࡋࡓࡾࡍࡿᵝᏊࡣぢࡽࢀ࡞࠿ࡗࡓࡇ࡜࠿ࡽࠊᯒฟ≀ࡢ㉳Ⅼ࡜⢏ෆ࠿ࡽࡢ㌿఩࡟┦㛵ࡣ࡞࠸࡜⪃࠼ࡽࢀࡿࠋ㸫㸫z্਱௴௄(b)(a)

1 μmx্਱௴௄y্਱௴௄zxy(c)

(d)
1 μm

1 μm

Fig.9 3D image after reconstruction(a), precipitates seen in fig. 8 as yellow(b),blue(c), and green(c)

1 μm

Fig.10 Center of gravity for precipitates㸫㸫

Fig.11 Correlations of precipitates around grain boundary
Table 3 Estimated information from 3D observations້౦भෲল੟ණ

ஒ౦भෲল੟ණ

෤౦भෲল੟ණ

଻ਯ

5436

31

਴಑৬஋(106 nm3)

1.19

1.45

1.68

਴಑a/b

1.84

1.40

2.01

਴಑a/c

3.10

2.95

4.75

਴಑b/c

1.68

2.37

2.37

 ࡇࢀࡽࡢᯒฟ≀⩌ࡈ࡜ࡢಶᩘࠊᖹᆒࡢయ✚ࡸ㛗ࡉࡢẚ⋡ࢆ Table 3 ࡟♧ࡍࠋ㯤Ⰽࡢᯒฟ≀⩌ࡣಶᩘࡀ୍␒ከ࠸ࡇ࡜࠿ࡽ᭱ࡶ᰾⏕ᡂࡋࡸࡍࡃࠊ⥳Ⰽࡢᯒฟ≀⩌ࡣᖹᆒࡢయ✚ࡀ᭱ࡶ኱ࡁ࠸ࡇ࡜࠿ࡽ᭱ࡶᡂ㛗ࡋࡸࡍ࠸࡜࠸࠺ࡇ࡜ࡀศ࠿ࡗࡓࠋ㛗ࡉࡢẚ⋡ࡢ⤫ィ࠿ࡽࠊ㟷Ⰽࡢᯒฟ≀⩌࡟࠾࠸࡚ࡣ a/b ࡸ a/c ࡀ᭱ࡶᑠࡉ࠸ࡓࡵࠊ3 ࡘࡢ୰࡛᭱ࡶ⌫య࡟㏆࠸ࡇ࡜ࡀศ࠿ࡿࠋᚑࡗ࡚⢏⏺࡜࠸࠺㠃Ḟ㝗࡟ᑐࡋ࡚ᗈࡀࡾࢆᣢࡗ࡚ᡂ㛗ࡋࡼ࠺࡜ࡋࡓࡓࡵ࡟ᡂ㛗⋡ࡶᝏࡃ࡞㸫㸫ࡾࠊ᭱ࡶయ✚ࡀᑠࡉ࠿ࡗࡓ࡜⪃࠼ࡽࢀࡿࠋࡲࡓࠊᖹᆠࡉࢆ⾲ࡍ b/c ࡟࠾࠸࡚ࠊᙧែࡢ㜈್
ࢆ 2.0 ࡜ࡍࡿ࡜ࠊ㯤Ⰽࡢᯒฟ≀⩌ࡣᲬ≧ࡢࠊ㟷Ⰽ࡜⥳Ⰽࡢᯒฟ≀⩌ࡣᯈ≧ࡢᯒฟ≀࡛࠶ࡿ࡜ศู࡛ࡁࡿࠋ ௨ୖࡢ⤖ᯝ࠿ࡽࠊ⢏ෆ࠿ࡽࡢ㌿఩ࡢሁ✚࡟ࡼࡿᙳ㡪ࡣ࡞࠸࡜⪃࠼ࡽࢀࡿࡇ࡜࠿ࡽࠊ⢏⏺
ᯒฟ≀ࡢ⏕ᡂࡣ⢏⏺ୖ࡟ࡶ࡜ࡶ࡜Ꮡᅾࡋ࡚࠸ࡓḞ㝗ࢆ㉳Ⅼ࡜ࡋ࡚࠾ࡾࠊࡑࡢᚋࡢᡂ㛗㐣⛬࡟ࡼࡗ࡚ᙧែࡢᕪ␗ࡀ⏕ࡌࡓ࡜⪃࠼ࡽࢀࡿࠋCube-Cube ࡢ㛵ಀࢆᣢࡘᯒฟ≀࡜ẕ┦࡟࠾࠸࡚ᯒฟ≀ࡣ∦ഃࡢ⤖ᬗ⢏࡜ᩚྜᛶࢆᣢࡗ࡚ᯒฟࡍࡿࡇ࡜ࡣ▱ࡽࢀ࡚࠾ࡾࠊᐇ㝿࡟ M23C6 ࡜γ ⣔ࢫࢸࣥࣞࢫ㗰࡟࠾࠸࡚ࡶྠᵝࡢࡇ࡜ࡀほᐹࡉࢀ࡚࠸ࡿ 38)ࠋࡋࡓࡀࡗ࡚ࠊᮏᐇ㦂⤖ᯝ࡛ぢࡽࢀࡓ㟷Ⰽࡢᯒฟ≀⩌ࡣ⢏ A ࡜⥳Ⰽࡢᯒฟ≀⩌ࡣ⢏ B ࡜ᩚྜᛶࢆࡶࡗ࡚ᯒฟࡋࡓࡓࡵࠊࡑࢀࡒࢀࡶ࠺∦ഃࡢ⤖ᬗ⢏᪉ྥ࡟ᙇࡾฟࡋ࡚࠸ࡓ࡜⪃࠼ࡽࢀࡿࠋ⢏⏺࠿ࡽࡢഴࡁࡀ㟷Ⰽ࡜⥳Ⰽࡢᯒฟ≀⩌࡛␗࡞ࡿࡢࡣࠊᩚྜᯒฟࡋ࡚࠸࡞࠸᪉ࡢ⤖ᬗ⢏ࡢ᱁Ꮚ࡜ࡢᩚྜᛶࢆ཯ᫎࡋࡓ⤖ᯝࠊ⊂⮬ࡢഴࡁࢆᣢࡗࡓࡓࡵ࡛࠶ࡿࠋࡲࡓࠊ㯤Ⰽࡢᯒฟ≀⩌ࡣ཮᪉ࡢ⤖ᬗ⢏࡜ᩚྜࡋ࡚࠸࡞࠸ࡓࡵࠊ⢏⏺ୖ࡟Ꮡᅾࡋ࡚࠸ࡿ┤⥺≧ࡢ᱁Ꮚ࣑ࢫࣇ࢕ࢵࢺ࡟ࡼࡿ✵㝽ࢆ཯ᫎࡋࠊ⣽㛗ࡃᡂ㛗ࡋࡓ࡜⪃࠼ࡽࢀࡿࠋ
4㸬⤖ゝ ᮏ◊✲࡛ࡣࠊFIB-SEM ࢩࣜ࢔ࣝࢭࢡࢩࣙࢽࣥࢢἲ࡟ࡼࡾ Nb ῧຍ㗰࡟࠾ࡅࡿ⢏⏺ᯒฟ≀ࡢศᩓ≧ែࡸᙧែࡢ 3 ḟඖⓗ࡞ゎᯒࢆ⾜ࡗࡓࠋྲྀᚓࡋࡓ 3 ḟඖീࢆᇶ࡟⤫ィⓗ࡞ゎᯒࢆ⾜࠸ࠊᯒฟ≀࡜ࡋ࡚ࡣᲬ≧ᯒฟ≀ࡀ 1 ✀㢮ࠊᯈ≧ᯒฟ≀ࡀ 2 ✀㢮ࡢィ 3 ✀㢮ࡢᯒฟ≀⩌࡟኱ูࡉࢀࡿࡇ࡜ࡀศ࠿ࡗࡓࠋᯒฟ≀ࡢᙧែࡸศᩓ≧ែࡣẕ┦࡜ࡢᩚྜᛶࡀ㛵ಀࡋ࡚࠸ࡿ࡜⪃࠼ࡽࢀࠊ2 ✀㢮ࡢᯒฟ≀⩌ࡣẕ┦࡜ᩚྜᯒฟࡋࡓࡇ࡜࠿ࡽ⢏⏺࡟࡚∦ഃࡢ⤖ᬗ⢏࡟ᙇࡾฟࡋࠊ1 ✀㢮ࡢᯒฟ≀⩌ࡣ⢏⏺཮᪉ࡢ⤖ᬗ⢏࡜ᩚྜᛶ࡞ࡃᯒฟࡋࡓࡇ࡜࠿ࡽ᱁Ꮚ࣑ࢫࣇ࢕ࢵࢺࡢ✵㝽࡟ἢࡗ࡚ᡂ㛗ࡋࡓࡶࡢ࡜⪃࠼ࡽࢀࡿࠋࡲࡓࠊࡇࢀࡽ᰾⏕ᡂࡣࠊᡂ㛗᪉఩ࡈ࡜ࡢᯒฟࡢつ๎ᛶࡀ࡞࠸ࡇ࡜ࡸ⢏ෆࡢ㌿఩ࡢᙳ㡪ࢆཷࡅ࡚࠸࡞࠸࡜⪃࠼ࡽࢀࡿࡇ࡜࡞࡝࠿ࡽࠊ⢏⏺࡟Ꮡᅾࡋ࡚࠸ࡓḞ㝗ࡀ㉳Ⅼ࡟࡞ࡗ࡚࠸ࡿࡶࡢ࡜᥎ ࡉࢀࡿࠋㅰ㎡ ᮏ◊✲ࡣࠊබ┈㈈ᅋἲே JFE21 ୡ⣖㈈ᅋࡢᢏ⾡◊✲ຓᡂ㸦2015 ᖺᗘ㸧ࡢຓᡂࢆཷࡅ࡚
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