rometry Symposium(EA-AMS 8)

The 8th East Asia
Agenda&Abstacts
Accelerator Mass Spectrometry
Symposium (EA-AMS 8)

Sakata Hirata Hall, Nagoya University
Nagoya, Japan
December 3-6, 2019
December 3-6, 2019
Hirata Hall, Nagoya University
Japan

B

The 8th East Asia Accelerator Mass Spectrometry Symposium

Contents
Welcome from the EA-AMS 8 Organizing Committee ............................ i
Committees ..............................................................................................ii
General Information ................................................................................iii
Access to Nagoya University, Higashiyama Campus ............................... iv
Traffic Guide Map .................................................................................... v
Schedule Overview ................................................................................. vi
Presentation Schedule
Monday / Tuesday agenda ....................................................................viii
Wednesday agenda ................................................................................ ix
Thursday / Friday agenda ........................................................................ x
Poster session ........................................................................................ xi
Presentation Guide and Proceedings .....................................................xiii
Abstracts
Oral presentation ................................................................................... 1
Poster presentation................................................................................ 43CDThe 8th East Asia Accelerator Mass Spectrometry Symposium

Welcome from the EA-AMS 8 Organizing Committee
It is our pleasure to welcome you to the 8th East Asia Accelerator Mass Spectrometry

Symposium (EA-AMS 8) held in Nagoya, Japan.
The EA-AMS symposium started at Tsukuba University, Japan in 2006, by Japanese,

Korean and Chinese AMS groups to encourage and promote AMS studies in East Asian
countries. Since then, this symposium has held continuously almost every two years, and thelatest symposium was held in Guilin, China, with almost 100 participants from ten countries.
Following success of EA-AMS 7, we gathered together in Nagoya.

We organize nine oral sessions (40 presentations) and two poster sessions (42 presentations)in this symposium on the topics of new AMS facilities, advances in AMS techniques as well
as studies on cosmogenic isotope analysis, and applications of AMS on various fields. Active
discussion is very welcome and we hope the EA-AMS 8 will be a kick off of new expansion
for all participants.
In the Mid-conference One-day Trip, we plan to visit the Tono Geoscience Center (TONO),
Japan Atomic Energy Agency (JAEA) and Toyota Kaikan Museum. At the TONO, you can see
5 MV tandem Pelletron type accelerator installed by NEC and a new compact AMS system.
You can experience the automobile production processes at the Toyota Kaikan Museum. Afterthe One-day Trip, you will enjoy the Gala Dinner at a traditional Japanese restaurant.
We wish all participants to keep academic interests and enjoyable experiences in Nagoya.

iThe 8th East Asia Accelerator Mass Spectrometry Symposium

Committees
Scientific Committee

Organizing Committee

BURR, George
FINK, DavidISEE, Nagoya University
NAKAMURA, Toshio (Chair)HE, Ming

KITAGAWA, Hiroyuki

HONG, Wan
HUA, Quan
IMAMURA, Mineo

MINAMI, Masayo
MIYAKE, Fusa
YAMANE, Masako

JULL, A.J. Timothy
KIM, Joon-Kon

Tono Geoscience Center, JAEA
KOKUBU, Yoko

JIANG, Shan

LI, Hong-Chun
MATSUZAKI, Hiroyuki

FUJITA, Natsuko
WATANABE, Takahiro

PARK, Junghun
SASA, Kamikazu
SHEN, Hongtao
XU, Xiaomei
ZHOU, Weijian

ii

The 8th East Asia Accelerator Mass Spectrometry Symposium

General Information
Conference Venue
All the sessions and ice breaker are held at Sakata Hirata Hall on the ground floor of the Science
South Building (A in the campus map) in Higashiyama campus, Nagoya University.
Conference Badge
Conference registration badge must be attached to attend all sessions, ice breaker, coffee breaks,
lunches, and social events during the conference.
Coffee breaks & Lunches
Daily coffee breaks and lunches are provided as a part of the conference participation fee.
Coffee and snacks are served during the morning and afternoon coffee breaks at the entrance
area of Sakata Hirata Hall in the Science South Building (A in the campus map). Lunch is servedin Restaurant “Universal Club” (B in the campus map). In order to receive lunch vouchers, youmust show your conference badge.
Social Program
・Pre-Conference Ice Breaker (December 2 (Mon), 16:00-18:00)
We welcome you to the Pre-Conference Ice Breaker, held at the SakataHirata Hall (A in the campus map). The reception will include lightsnacks and drinks. Please enjoy it. A registration booth will be open at
the Ice Breaker.
・Mid-Conference One-day Trip (December 5 (Thu), 8:30-17:30)
We visit Geoscience Center(TONO) , Japan Atomic Energy Agency
and Toyota Kaikan Museum. At the TONO, you can see 5 MV tandem
Pelletron type accelerator (NEC, US) and at the Toyota Kaikan Museum,
you can see the automobile production processes. Registrants should
gather at the point C in the campus map at 8:20 AM Thursday morning.
Buses will depart Nagoya University at 8:30 AM.
・Gala Dinner (December 5 (Thu), 18:00-20:00)
After the Md-Conference One-day Trip, the buses directly go to therestaurant, “THE KAWABUN NAGOYA.” Those who do not attend the
Trip should gather directly at the restaurant until 18:00. The Gala Dinner
will be held at the restaurant. A selection of delicious Japanese cuisinecourse will be served.
THE KAWABUN NAGOYA website:
https://www.thekawabunnagoya.com/thekawabunnagoya/・Post-Conference One-day Field Trip (December 7 (Sat), 8:30-18:30)
We visit Fukui prefectural Varve Museum for seeing Lake Suigetsu
varves, and Wakasa Mikata Jomon Museum for seeing artefacts from
Jomon Period. This is a special event and is not included in the full
package.
iii

The 8th East Asia Accelerator Mass Spectrometry Symposium

Access to Nagoya University, Higashiyama Campus
From Centrair (Central Japan International Airport):
Get on the Meitetsu Train and get off at Kanayama Station. It takes about 30 min by Rapid
Limited Express, and costs 830 JPY. There are a variety of destinations, but every train
stops at Kanayama Station. We advise you to get on “Rapid Limited Express (fastest)” or“Limited Express (second fastest)”. Kanayama Station is the second stop for Rapid Limited
Express, and the seventh stop for Limited Express. The both types are operated every 30 min
in the daytime. (Operating hours, approx. 5:30–23:00.) The ticket for a reserved seat (called“μ-ticket”) costs additional 360 JPY, which you can pay on the train.
At Kanayama Station, walk to the Subway Kanayama Station (subway station number M01/
E01) and take the Subway Meijo Line (counter clockwise) to Nagoya Daigaku Station (M18).
It takes 20 min, and costs 270 JPY. In the daytime, subways operate every 10 min for the
Meijo Line. The shuttle bus from Airport to Nagoya downtown (Sakae area) is also available(60 min).
From Nagoya Station (subway station number H08/S02/AN01):
Get on the Subway Higashiyama Line to Motoyama Station (station number H16/M17)
for 15 min, and then transfer to the Subway Meijo Line to Nagoya Daigaku Station (M18)
for 3 min. It takes about 35 min including wasted time for transfer, and costs 270 JPY. In thedaytime, subways operate every 5 min for the Higashiyama Line, and every 10 min for the
Meijo Line.
If you use a taxi to Nagoya University directly, it takes about 30 min and costs about 2,500
JPY. Please specify the destination as “Subway Nagoya Daigaku Station”.
From Sakae Station (subway station number H10/M05)
Get on the Subway Higashiyama Line to Motoyama Station (H16/M17). Then, transfer tothe Subway Meijo Line (clockwise) and get off Nagoya Daigaku Station (M18). It takes about
30 min including wasted time for transfer, and costs 240 JPY.

iv

The 8th East Asia Accelerator Mass Spectrometry Symposium

Traffic Guide Mapv

The 8th East Asia Accelerator Mass Spectrometry Symposium

Schedule Overview
Dec. 2
Dec. 3
Dec. 4
Time
Mon
Tue
Wed
8:20
8:40
9:00
Registration
9:20
New facility and status
9:40
report I
10:00
10:20
Coffee and tea
10:40
Pre-session
11:00
New facility and status
11:20
report II
11:40
12:00
Lunch
12:20
Lunch
12:40
13:00
Opening / Welcome talk
13:20
13:40
14:00
Space and earth
New facility and status
14:20
environmental science I
report III
14:40
15:00
15:20
Coffee and tea
Coffee and tea
15:40
16:00
AMS development /16:20
Technical development /Space and earth
16:40
Heavy nuclides
environmental science II
Registration
17:00 / Ice Breaker
17:20
17:40
18:00
Poster session
18:20
Poster session
18:40
19:00
19:20
19:40
20:00

Dec. 5Thu

Dec. 6Fri

General AMS application /Carbon-14 age calibration
and archaeologicalapplication
Coffee and tea

Space and earth
environmental science III
Business meeting / Closing

MidConference
One-day
Trip

Gala Dinner(THE KAWABUNNAGOYA)

Dec. 7 (Sat) 8:30-18:30：
Post-Conference One-day Trip to Varve Museum and Wakasa Mikata Jomon Museumvi

The 8th East Asia Accelerator Mass Spectrometry Symposium

NOTES

vii

The 8th East Asia Accelerator Mass Spectrometry Symposium

Presentation Schedule
MONDAY, DECEMBER 2, 201916:00 Registration
Ice Breaker

TUESDAY, DECEMBER 3, 20198:40 Registration

Pre-session
Chair: T. Nakamura

9:40 PRE-01

Progress in AMS and Opportunities for Applications with long-lived
Radionuclides

H.-A. Synal

10:00 PRE-02

Latest results of the MILEA system - a new 300 kV multi-isotope
AMS facility

A.M. Müller, S. Maxeiner, M. Christl, P. Gautschi, H.-A. Synal, C.
Vockenhuber, and L. Wacker

10:20 PRE-03

New Developments for the MC-SNICS Ion Sources at NEC

M. Sundquist, R. Kitchen, T. Hauser, E. Alderson, A. Gajeski, K.
Kearney, S. McNamer, A. O'Conner, A. O'Dwyer, M. Sandlin, and M.
Stodola10:40 PRE-04

Recent Progress in Positive Ion Mass Spectrometry (PIMS) forRadiocarbon Measurements

M. Sundquist, S.P.H.T. Freeman, R. Shanks, C. McIntyre, P. Salou, K.
Kearney, R. Kitchen, T. Hauser, R. Bosch, and E.C. Alderson

11:00 PRE-05

Low energy 14C and multi-element HVE AMS systems

G. Scognamiglio, M. Klein, N. Podaru, and D. Mous

11:20 PRE-06

Performance of the HVE 1 MV AMS system for the analysis ofactinides and beryllium

G. Scognamiglio, M. Klein, N. Podaru, G. Domínguez, D. Mous, Q.
Liu, and X.L. Zhao

11:40 Lunch at Universal Club
13:00 Opening

T. Nakamura

Welcome talk

K. Kusano

Session 1: Space and earth environmental science I
Chair: D. Fink
13:20 O-01
KeynoteEvidence for solar-flare and other cosmic-ray events in the C recordin tree rings and in other records

A.J.T. Jull, F. Miyake, and I. Panyushkina

14:00 O-02
InvitedSimulation of Δ14C peak in AD 775 using MCNPX and Estimation of

J. Park, J.-W. Seo, W. Hong, G. Park, K. Sung, Y.J. Park, and Y.-J.
Kim

14

the occurrence time of the C peak in AD 775 Δ C values in subannual tree rings
14

14

14:20 O-03

Variation of cosmogenic 10Be for cosmic ray event in 〜5480 BCfrom Antarctic Dome Fuji ice core

K. Kanzawa, F. Miyake, Y. Tada, K. Horiuchi, K. Ohtani, K. Sasa, Y.
Motizuki, K. Takahashi, Y. Nakai, H. Motoyama, and H. Matsuzaki

14:40 O-04

Variations of Beryllium-10 and Chroline-36 deposition flux at
Tsukuba, JapanY. Ochiai, K. Sasa, Y. Tosaki, T. Takahashi, M. Matsumura, and K.
Sueki

15:00 O-05

Distribution of atmospheric concentrations of 7Be and 10Be in themarine boundary layer

T. Yamagata, H. Nagai, and H. Matsuzaki

15:20 Coffee and tea

Session 2: Space and earth environmental science II
Chair: H.-C. Li
15:40 O-06

Study on the natural iodine isotope system: a consideration fromiodine geochemical cycle

H. Matsuzaki

16:00 O-07

Screening for Radionuclide Contamination from the Fukushima
Accident by Iodine-129 Measurement in Corals from Baler

16:20 O-08

Radiocarbon Releases from the Fukushima Dai-ichi Nuclear Power
Plant

S.J. Limlingan, A.T. Bautista VII, A.M. Jagonoy, J.M. Racho, B.J.
Arcilla, M.M. Bauyon, J.D. Valdez, H. Kusuno, E. Dumalagan Jr.,
F.P. Siringan, and H. Matsuzaki
S. Xu, B. Chen, Y. Lang, G. Cook, S. Freeman, and P. Naysmith

16:40 O-09

Atmospheric 14CO2 time series from Point Barrow, Alaska: ending of
the “Bomb Radiocarbon Period” in the Northern Hemisphere

17:00

Poster sessionviii

X. Xu, J.C. Walker, S. Newman, and S.E. Trumbore

The 8th East Asia Accelerator Mass Spectrometry Symposium

WEDNESDAY, DECEMBER 4, 2019
Session 3: New facility and status report I
Chair: H. Matsuzaki
9:00 O-10
KeynoteThe status report of AMS at CIAE

M. He, Q. Zhao, Y. Bao, Q. You, S. Su, S. Jiang,.Y. Hu, Y. Pang, Y.
Zhang, K. Li, X. Wang, S. Wu, F. Wang, and Q. Meng

9:40 O-11
InvitedPresent status and application studies in GXNU-AMS Lab

H. Shen, Z. Zhao, Z. Li, M. Liu, M. Qi, S. Wei, Y. Bao, M. He, K.
Sasa, and S. Jiang

10:00 O-12
Invited

Progress report and some applications of the NTUAMS Lab during
2017-2019

H.-C. Li, S.-C. Kang, C.-Y. Chou, and T. Chang

10:20 Coffee and tea

Session 4: New facility and status report II
Chair: H. Shen
10:40 O-13
Invited

Status Report of Current Performance of KIGAM AMS Laboratory

W. Hong, J. Park, G. Park, Y. Park, and K. Sung

11:00 O-14
InvitedCurrent status of 6MV AMS Research at KIST

G.-H. Lee, M.-S. Oh, S.E. Song, J.H. Song, J.A. Eliades, J. Kim, J.Y.
Kim, S.R. Seo, and B.-Y. Yu

11:20 O-15

Status of KOMAC-AMS

Y.-S. Cho, K. Choe, Y.S. Ha, and K.-R. Kim

11:40 O-16

AMS for New drug development support at KRICP in KIRAMS

J. Song, S. Dueker, C. Yeo, S. Bae, J.B. Park, and J. Shim

12:00 Lunch at Universal Club

Session 5: New facility and status report III
Chair: J.-K. Kim
13:20 O-17

Status of the MALT-AMS system and analysis of environmental
nuclides produced by the human nuclear activity

13:40 O-18

Progress of Ultrasensitive Detection Techniques for the 6 MV multinuclide AMS System at the University of Tsukuba

14:00 O-19

Present status of JAEA-AMS-TONO in 2019

H. Matsuzaki, H. Tokuyama, T. Yamagata, Y.S. Tsuchiya, H. Kusuno,
M. Toya, M. Kawamoto, T. Tanii, Y. Miyake, K. Nakashoji, and A.T.
Bautista VII
K. Sasa, T. Takahashi, M. Matsumura, Y. Ochiai, T. Matsunaka, A.
Sakaguchi, H. Shen, and K. Sueki

ecember 3, 17:00 - 18:40 Tuesday, December 3, 17:00 - 18:40
14:20 O-20
A status report on a Single Stage Accelerator Mass Spectrometry aty, December 4, 17:20 - 18:40 Wednesday,
December4, 17:20- 18:40
the Atmosphereand Ocean
Research
Institute, The University of

N. Fujita, A. Matsubara, M. Miyake, T. Watanabe, Y. Saito-Kokubu,
M. Kato, N. Okabe, N. Isozaki, C. Ishizaka, T. Nishio, A. Nishizawa,
A. Shimada, and N. Ogata
Y. Yokoyama, T. Aze, Y. Miyairi, C. Sawada, Y. Ando, S. Izawa, andY. Uenoity and status
reportNew
facility and status
report14:40 O-21
Radiocarbon dating
at TheUniversity of Tokyo
PostersessionM. Yoneda, H. Ozaki, and T. Omori

on

Poster session

Tokyo

new compact radiocarbon AMSP-01(MIni CArbon
DAtingradiocarbon
System) AMS
Z.(MIni
Hongyan,G. Yao,L. Chenghong,
A new compact
CArbonDAting
System) and L.
Z. Huayu
Hongyan, G. Yao, L. Chenghong, and L. Huayu
15:00 O-22
14
T. Nakamura, M. Minami, H. Oda, A. Ikeda, M. Yamane, M. Nishida,
Present
status andapplication
studiesUniversity
with3,HVE
C -AMS
system at
Tuesday,
December
17:00
18:40
cently installed at Nanjing University
recently
installed
at Nanjing
Y.
Wakasugi,R.
Sato, H. Sawada, and H. Kitagawa
Nagoya University Wednesday,(2017/18/19) December 4, 17:20 - 18:40
esearch and performance with YU-AMS
system and performance with YU-AMS
T. Moriya,system
M. Takeyama, H. Sakurai, H. Miyahara,
H.H. Sakurai, H. Miyahara, M. Ohyama, H.
P-02 Research
T. Moriya, M.
M. Ohyama,
Takeyama,
Saitoh, Y. Okada, and F. Tokanai
Saitoh, Y. Okada, and F. Tokanai
15:20 Coffee and tea

New facility and status reportatus report of the compact AMSP-03
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at GIG,
CASof the compact AMS
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Zhu, Z.atCheng,
P. Ding, N. Wang, Y. Sun,
G. Zhang,and P.
C.Ding,Shen N. Wang, Y. Sun, G. Zhang, and C. ShenreportGIG, CAS
S. Zhu,Z. Cheng,
P-01
A new compact
radiocarbon
AMS(MIni CArbon DAting System)
Z. Hongyan, G. Yao, L. Chenghong, and L. Huayu
Session 6: AMS development/ Technicaldevelopment/ Heavy
nuclidesALT Accelerator Report 2019 P-04 MALT Accelerator Report
H. Tokuyama,
H. Matsuzaki,
H.Tokuyama,
Kusuno, M.
T.
2019
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Y. Tsuchiya,
H. Kusuno, M. Toya, T.
recently
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Chairs: W. Hong
Yamagata, M. Kawamoto, L. Zhen, Y. Qi,Yamagata,
L. Wang, T.
Q. Yang,L. Zhen, Y. Qi, L. Wang, T. Tani, Q. Yang,
M.Tani,Kawamoto,
15:40 O-23
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M.Y.K.
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Y. Pang,Gong, T.
Y. Moriya,
Bao,
Q. You,K.
Li,K.
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Su,H.
and
P-02AMS
Researchandperformancewith YU-AMS
M. Takeyama,
Sakurai, H. Miyahara
Y. Miyata,
A. Horiuchi,
YoshidaMiyata,N. J.Miyauchi,
A. Horiuchi,
andResearch on Miniaturized
Measurementof 129I N. Miyauchi,
Y. Hu
Saitoh,Y.
Okada,
andF.
Tokanai
New Accelerator Mass Spectrometry
Qingdao National
X. Wang,
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GIG, CAS
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EnergyAMS
forP-03
Be andAl at
Tianjin
University
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Technology,
China
LaboratoryforMarineScienceandofTechnology,
China

16:20 O-25
Limits of sensitivity in
Actinides
AMS
Child, M. Froehlich,
Koll,
Wallner, and
P-04
MALT
Accelerator
H.A.
Matsuzaki,
Y. Tsuchiya, H. Kusu
atus of the QNLM-AMS
facilityP-06
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processblankassessment
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Xu, Y.2019
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and X.Hotchkis,
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H.Tokuyama,
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Wang
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Yamagata,
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Kawamoto,
L. Zhen, Y. Qi, L. Wang
14
14small sized samples
forC
analysis
of
small
sized
samplesforC
analysis
B. Yang, R. Kazemi, and A.M. Smith
16:40 O-26
Cryogenic trapping of CO2 in the presence of other gases
Y. Miyata, N. Miyauchi, A. Horiuchi, and K. Yoshurrent status of the compact-AMS
system
at PaleoLabo
Ltd.
S. Itoh,
M. at
Sato,
M.LaboHirota,Z.Ltd.
Lomtatidze,
Yamagata,
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P-07
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statusof Co.,
the compact-AMS
system
Paleo
Co.,
S. H.
Itoh,
M. Sato,and
M. Hirota,
Z. Lomtatidze, H. Yamagata, and K.
P-05
A New
Accelerator
Spectrometry
Facilityin Qingdao
National
X.Yamagata,Wang, S. H.
Sun,
Y. Xue, and17:00 O-27
The sample preparationand the
ICP-MSand AMSMassmeasurementof
L. Zheng,
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M. Toya, T.
Tokuyama,and H.
Q. SongNakamura
Nakamurauranium at MALT
Yang China
Laboratory for Marine Science and Technology,
erformance of a newly installed MICADAS
at the Ocean
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X. Ning,
X. Xu, H. Li,
M. H.
Zhao
P-08 Performanceof a University
newly installedZ.MICADAS
at the Ocean
University
Z. andWang,
Zhang, X. Ning, X. Xu, H. Li, and M. Zhao
P-06 Status of the QNLM-AMS facility and the process blank assessment
S. Sun, L. Xu, Y. Xue, H. Song, and X. Wang
China
17:20 Poster session of China
of small sized samples for 14C analysis
X. Ning,
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M. ZhaoP-09
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Zhang,
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MICADASinstalled atintroduction
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Ocean University
Nakamura
MS program in Tianjin University
Y. Lang, L. Cui, K. Dong, M. Zhang, J. Zhong,andL.S.Cui,
Xu K. Dong, M. Zhang, J. Zhong, and S. Xu
P-10 AMS program in Tianjin University
Y. Lang,
P-08 Performance of a newly installed MICADAS at the Ocean University
Z. Wang, H. Zhang, X. Ning, X. Xu, H. Li, and M
Y.-C.
Fu,CaF
W.-J.
P. Cheng, and L. Zhang
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new capability for 41Ca analysisP-11
using CaF
atcapability
the Xi'an-AMS
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for 41of
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l development

3

3

P-09

Technical development

OUC-CAMS：An introduction of the MICADAS installed at the
Ocean University of China

H. Zhang, X. Ning, Z. Wang, X. Xu, H. Li, and M

AMS programin Tianjin
University
Y. Lang,Cui, K. Dong, M. Zhang, J. Zhong, an
Study of Surface Stripper for theP-12
AMS A
SystemaP-10
Footprint
A. AMS
Matsubara,
N.withFujita,and K. Kimura A. Matsubara, N. Fujita,
Study withof Surface
Stripperfor the
Systema Footprint
and K.L.Kimura
low 2 m × 2 m
below 2 m × 2 m
P-11 A new capability for 41Ca analysis using CaF - at the Xi'an-AMS
Y.-C. Fu, W.-J. Zhou, P. Cheng, and L. Zhang
n Source development at the compact
at PKUdevelopment at the compact
X.F. Ding,
D.P.
P-13 AMS
Ion Source
AMS
at Fu,
PKUL.P. Zhou, and3 K.X. Liu
X.F. Ding, D.P. Fu, L.P. Zhou, and K.X. Liuix developed
performance report of the automatic
machinedeveloped
atautomatic
C. Sawada,
Y. Yokoyama,
Y. Miyairi,T. Sawada,
Aze
P-14 pressing
A performance
reportof thepressing
machineat andC.
Y. Yokoyama, Y. Miyairi, and T. Aze
Technical
development
e Atmosphere and Ocean Research Institute,
The University
ofthe Atmosphereand Ocean
Research Institute, The University ofThe 8th East Asia Accelerator Mass Spectrometry Symposium

THUSDAY,DECEMBER
5,20192019
AY,DECEMBERDECEMBER
THUSDAY,
2019
DECEMBERY,
THUSDAY,
5,5,2019
DECEMBER
5,5,2019

8:20
Mid-Conference
One-day
Trip
Mid-Conference
8:20
One-day
Mid-ConferenceTrip
One-day
Trip
Mid-Conference
8:20
One-day
8:20
Mid-Conference
Mid-ConferenceTrip
One-day
One-day
Trip
Trip

18:00
Gala
Dinnerat
THE
KAWABUNNAGOYAGala
Dinnerat
18:00
THE
KAWABUNGala
DinnerNAGOYAat
THE
KAWABUNNAGOYAala Dinner
at18:00
THE
18:00
KAWABUN
Gala
Gala
DinnerDinnerNAGOYA
at
at
THE
THE
KAWABUNKAWABUNNAGOYA
NAGOYAFRIDAY,DECEMBER
6,20192019, DECEMBERFRIDAY,2019
DECEMBER
DECEMBERFRIDAY,
6,6,2019
DECEMBER
6,6,2019

Session
7:General
GeneralAMS
application/ Carbon-14
age
calibration
andarchaeologicalapplication
Session7:7:General
GeneralSession
SessionAMS
application/ Carbon-14
AMS
application
agecalibration
calibration/ Carbon-14
andage
archaeologicalcalibration
andapplicationarchaeologicalapplication
essionAMS
application
7:7:General/ Carbon-14
AMS
applicationage/ Carbon-14
andage
archaeologicalcalibration
andapplicationarchaeologicalapplication

Chairs:
Zhou
Chairs:W.W.
Zhou

Chairs:W.
Zhou
Chairs:
Zhou
Chairs:Chairs:
W.W.
W.
Zhou
Zhou

9:00
O-28
Constraining
the
age
of
Aboriginal
rock
art
using
cosmogenic
Be-10
D.
Fink,
G.
Cazes,
R.H.
Fülöp,
andA.T.
Codilean
O-28
Constraining
9:00
O-28
the
age
Constraining
Aboriginal
rock
the
art
age
of
Aboriginal
cosmogenic
rock
Be-10
art
using
cosmogenic
D.
Fink,
Be-10
Cazes,
R.H.
D.
Fülöp,
Fink,
G.
Cazes,
A.T.
Codilean
R.H.
Fülöp,
andA.T.
Codilean-28
Constraining
9:00
9:00
O-28
O-28
the
age
ofof
Constraining
Aboriginal
Constraining
rock
the
the
art
age
age
using
ofusingofAboriginal
Aboriginal
cosmogenic
rock
rock
Be-10
art
art
using
using
cosmogenicD.
cosmogenic
Fink,
G.G.
Be-10
Cazes,
Be-10
R.H.
D.
Fülöp,
D.
Fink,
Fink,
and
G.and
G.
Cazes,
A.T.
Cazes,
Codilean
R.H.
R.H.
Fülöp,
Fülöp,
and
and
A.T.
A.T.
Codilean
CodileanKeynoteandAl-26
datingofrocksheltercollapseintheKimberleyregion,Keynote and
and
Al-26
datingKeynoterockandshelter
Al-26
collapsedatinginrocktheKimberley
sheltercollapseregion,theKimberleyregion,eynoteAl-26
datingKeynoteKeynote
ofof
rock
and
shelter
and
Al-26
Al-26
collapsedatingdating
of
inof
of
rock
the
rock
Kimberley
sheltersheltercollapsecollapseregion,
inin
in
the
the
Kimberley
Kimberleyregion,region,Australia
Australia
Australia
Australia
Australia
Australia

O-29-29
Invitednvited
O-30
-30

9:40
O-29
Expansion
anddemiseoftheAngkorian
Khmer
Q.
Hua,
M.
Hendrickson,
D.
Penny,
D.
Cook,
and
T.
Hall
Expansion
9:40
O-29
and
demiseof
ExpansiontheAngkoriananddemiseKhmerof
EmpiretheAngkorian
Khmer
EmpireQ.
Hua,
Hendrickson,
D.
Hua,
Penny,
Hendrickson,
D.
Cook,
and
T.
Penny,
Hall
Cook,
and
Hall
Expansion
9:40
9:40
O-29
and
O-29
demiseof
Expansion
ExpansiontheAngkorianandanddemiseKhmer
demiseofEmpireofthetheAngkorianAngkorian
Khmer
Khmer
EmpireEmpireQ.Empire
Hua,
M.M.
Hendrickson,
Q.Q.
Q.
D.
Hua,
Hua,
Penny,
M.M.
M.
Hendrickson,
D.
Hendrickson,
Cook,
and
D.
T.D.
D.
Penny,
Hall
Penny,
D.D.
D.
Cook,
Cook,
and
and
T.T.
T.
Hall
Hall
InvitedInvitedInvitedInvited
10:00
O-30
Radiocarbon
datingAncient
LoulanCity
Radiocarbon
10:00
O-30
datingAncient
Radiocarbon
LoulanCity
datingAncient
LoulanCity
Radiocarbon
10:00
10:00
O-30
O-30
datingAncient
Radiocarbon
Radiocarbon
LoulanCity
datingdatingAncient
Ancient
LoulanLoulan
City
City

Xu,
and
B.B.
Xu,
and
Z.Z.
GuGu

B.
Xu,
and
Z.
Gu
Xu,
and
Gu
B.B.
B.
Xu,
Xu,
and
and
Z.Z.
Z.
Gu
Gu

10:20
Coffeeandtea
Coffee
and
tea
10:20
Coffee
and
tea
offee
and
tea
10:20
10:20
CoffeeCoffee
and
and
tea
tea

Session8:Space
Space
and
earth
environmental
science
Session8:8:SpaceSpaceandand
Sessionearth
8:environmental
and
earth
scienceenvironmentalIII
science
IIIIII
essionSessionearth
8:environmental
Space
and
earth
scienceenvironmentalIII
scienceIII

Chair:
Hua
Chair:Q.Q.
Hua

Chair:Q.
Hua
Chair:
Hua
Chair:
Chair:
Q.Q.
Q.
Hua
Hua

10:40
O-31
A
long
time-scale
record
of
East
Asian
monsoonrainfall
from
W.
Zhou,
W.J.
Beck,
X.
Kong,
and
F.
Xian
10:40
O-31
long
time-scale
O-31
recordoflong
Easttime-scale
Asianmonsoonrecordofrainfall
East
Asian
from
monsoonrainfall
W.
Zhou,
from
W.J.
Beck,
W.
Kong,
Zhou,
and
W.J.
F.
Xian
Beck,
Kong,
and
Xian
10:40
10:40
-31
AA
long
time-scale
O-31
O-31
record
AA
of
A
long
long
East
time-scale
Asiantime-scalemonsoonrecordrecordofrainfall
of
East
East
Asian
from
Asian
monsoonmonsoonrainfallW.
rainfall
Zhou,
from
from
W.J.
Beck,
X.X.
W.
Kong,
W.
Zhou,
Zhou,
and
W.J.
F.
W.J.
Xian
Beck,
Beck,
X.X.
X.
Kong,
Kong,
and
and
F.F.
F.
Xian
Xian
Keynote10
KeynoteKeynote10
10
10
eynoteKeynoteKeynote
10
10 10
10Be
Chineseloess
Chineseloess
Chineseloess
Chineseloess
Chineseloess
loess
BeBe Chinese
Be
BeBe

O-32
-32

O-33
-33

O-34
-34

11:20
O-32
A
high-resolution
radiocarbon
datingsand-loesssequenceat
Yulin,
Y.
Gu,
H.
Lu,
H.
Zhang,
C.
Liang,andJ.
Wu
high-resolution
11:20
O-32
radiocarbon
high-resolution
datingsand-loessradiocarbon
sequence
datingYulin,
sand-loesssequence
Y.
Gu,
at
Lu,
Yulin,
Zhang,Y.
C.
Gu,
Liang,
Lu,
and
H.
J.
Zhang,
Wu
Liang,andWuAA
high-resolution
11:20
11:20
O-32
O-32
radiocarbon
AAA
high-resolution
high-resolution
datingsand-loessradiocarbon
radiocarbon
sequence
datingdatingat atYulin,
sand-loesssand-loesssequenceY.
sequence
Gu,
H.
atH.
Lu,
at
Yulin,
Yulin,
H.H.
Zhang,Y.C.
Y.
Gu,
Liang,
Gu,
H.H.
H.
Lu,
and
Lu,
H.J.
H.
Zhang,
Wu
Zhang,C.C.
C.
Liang,
Liang,
and
and
J. J.
J.
Wu
Wu
north-central
China
and
East
Asian
wintermonsoonvariations
north-central
China
and
north-central
East
Asian
winterChinamonsoonandEastvariations
Asian
wintermonsoonvariations
north-central
China
and
north-central
Eastnorth-central
Asian
winterChina
Chinamonsoon
and
and
East
East
variations
Asian
Asian
winterwintermonsoonmonsoonvariations
variations
11:40
O-33
14
Z.
Niu,
and
W.
Zhou
11:40
O-33
14
Z.
Niu,
and
14
W.
14ZhouZhou Z.Z.
Niu,
and
Zhou
14
11:40
11:40
O-33
O-33
14and
Z.
Niu,
and
14
W.
14
Z.
Niu,
Niu,
and
and
W.W.
W.
Zhou
Zhou
Determining
diurnalfossil
fuel
CO
CO
by
ΔCO
CO
Determining
diurnalfossilDetermining
fuelCO
diurnalbiologicalfossil
fuel
CO
by
CO
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CO
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and
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ΔCO
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22Δ
2 and
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222Δ
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2 222 22observationoncertainsummerandwinterdays
atChineseobservation
certainsummerobservation
andon
wintercertaindays
summerat
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Chineseobservationonon
certainsummerobservation
observation
andon
winteroncertaincertaindays
summeratsummerChineseandandwinterwinter
days
days
at at
at
ChineseChinesebackgroundsites
backgroundsites
backgroundsites
backgroundsites
backgroundbackground
sites
sites
12:00
O-34
H.
Kitagawa,
W.
A.
Hayashida,
andK.
Takemura
12:00
O-34
14
14 14
14
Kitagawa,
W.
Hong,
A.
Kitagawa,
Hayashida,
W.
and
Hong,
K.
TakemuraA.
Hayashida,andTakemura
12:00
12:00
O-34
O-34
14Chemometric
14of
H.H.
Kitagawa,
W.
Hong,
H.
A.H.
H.
Kitagawa,
Hayashida,
Kitagawa,
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W.
Hong,
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Hayashida,
Hayashida,
and
and
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12:20
Businessmeeting
Businessmeeting
12:20
Businessmeetingusiness
meeting
12:20
12:20
Business
Businessmeeting
meeting
Closing
Closing
Closinglosing
Closing
Closingx

The 8th East Asia Accelerator Mass Spectrometry Symposium

Poster session
Tuesday, December 3, 17:00 - 18:40
Wednesday, December 4, 17:20 - 18:40

New facility and status report
P-01

A new compact radiocarbon AMS (MIni CArbon DAting System)
recently installed at Nanjing University

Z. Hongyan, G. Yao, L. Chenghong, and L. Huayu

P-02

Research and performance with YU-AMS system

T. Moriya, M. Takeyama, H. Sakurai, H. Miyahara, M. Ohyama, H.
Saitoh, Y. Okada, and F. Tokanai

P-03

Status report of the compact AMS facility at GIG, CAS

S. Zhu, Z. Cheng, P. Ding, N. Wang, Y. Sun, G. Zhang, and C. Shen

P-04

MALT Accelerator Report 2019

H. Tokuyama, H. Matsuzaki, Y. Tsuchiya, H. Kusuno, M. Toya, T.
Yamagata, M. Kawamoto, L. Zhen, Y. Qi, L. Wang, T. Tani, Q. Yang,
Y. Miyata, N. Miyauchi, A. Horiuchi, and K. Yoshida

P-05

A New Accelerator Mass Spectrometry Facility in Qingdao National
Laboratory for Marine Science and Technology, China

X. Wang, S. Sun, Y. Xue, and H. Song

P-06

Status of the QNLM-AMS facility and the process blank assessment

S. Sun, L. Xu, Y. Xue, H. Song, and X. Wangof small sized samples for 14C analysis
P-07

Current status of the compact-AMS system at Paleo Labo Co., Ltd.

S. Itoh, M. Sato, M. Hirota, Z. Lomtatidze, H. Yamagata, and K.
Nakamura

P-08

Performance of a newly installed MICADAS at the Ocean Universityof China

Z. Wang, H. Zhang, X. Ning, X. Xu, H. Li, and M. Zhao

P-09

OUC-CAMS：An introduction of the MICADAS installed at the
Ocean University of China

H. Zhang, X. Ning, Z. Wang, X. Xu, H. Li, and M. Zhao

P-10

AMS program in Tianjin University

Y. Lang, L. Cui, K. Dong, M. Zhang, J. Zhong, and S. Xu

P-11

A new capability for 41Ca analysis using CaF3- at the Xi'an-AMS

Y.-C. Fu, W.-J. Zhou, P. Cheng, and L. Zhang

Technical development

Poster session

P-12

A Study of Surface Stripper for the AMS System with a Footprint
below 2 m × 2 m
Tuesday, December 3, 17:00 - 18:40

A. Matsubara, N. Fujita, and K. Kimura

P-13

Ion Source developmentWednesday,at the compact
AMS at PKU
December4, 17:20 - 18:40

X.F. Ding, D.P. Fu, L.P. Zhou, and K.X. Liu

P-14

A performance report of the automatic pressing machine developed at
C. Sawada, Y. Yokoyama, Y. Miyairi, and T. Aze
Newfacilityand status
report of
the Atmosphere and Ocean
Research
Institute,
The UniversityTokyo
P-01 A new compact radiocarbon AMS (MIni CArbon DAting System)
Z. Hongyan, G. Yao, L. Chenghong, and L. Huayu

P-15
P-16

recently
installed at Nanjing
Development of an automated systemfor conventional
ABA University K. Sung, W. Hong, G. Sung, Y. Park, J. Park, and G. Park
treatment
P-02 Research and performance with YU-AMS system
T. Moriya, M. Takeyama, H. Sakurai, H. Miyahara, M
Saitoh,R.
Y.Sato,Okada,
F. Tokanai
H.A. Takahashi, H. Handa, M. Minami,
andandT. Nakamura
New procedure of CO extraction for radiocarbon analysis of DIC in
2

P-03 Statusof the Survey
compactwater samples at Nagoya University
andreport
GeologicalofAMS
Japanfacility at GIG, CAS
P-04

S. Zhu, Z. Cheng, P. Ding, N. Wang, Y. Sun, G. Zhan

MALT Accelerator Report 2019

H. Tokuyama, H. Matsuzaki, Y. Tsuchiya, H. Kusuno
Yamagata, M. Kawamoto, L. Zhen, Y. Qi, L. Wang, TSpace and earth environmental science
Y. Miyata, N. Miyauchi, A. Horiuchi, and K. Yoshida
P-17 Halogen isotopes analysis P-05
in Greenland
dome ice Masscore Spectrometry Facility
M. Toya,Matsuzaki,
K. Horiuchi,
Y. Iizuka,
A.T.Y.Bautista
VII,
A NewSE
Accelerator
inH.
Qingdao
National
X. Wang,
S. Sun,Xue, and
H.L.
Song
Wang, andW. Xiao
Laboratory for Marine Science and Technology,
China
P-18

M.processYamane,Y. Yokoyama,
K.Xu,
Takemura,
H. and X. Wang
Statuswithof theQNLM-AMS
facilityofand theblankassessmentH. Matsuzaki,
S. Sun, L.
Y. Xue, and
H. Song,
Interpreting 10Be records inP-06
sedimentsa chemometricanalysis
Kitagawa
14
optical propertiesof small sized samples for C analysis

P-19

Y. Hou,W. Zhou,
P. Cheng,
Tracing study and source analysis
of atmosphericfuel CO2 by system
P-07 Current
status offossil
the compact-AMS
at PaleoLabo Co.,
Ltd. and X.
S.Xiong
Itoh, M. Sato, M. Hirota, Z. Lomtatidze, H. Yamag
radiocarbon and air pollutants in Xi'an, China
Nakamura
P-08

Performance of a newly installed MICADAS at the Ocean Universityof China

Z. Wang, H. Zhang, X. Ning, X. Xu, H. Li, and M. Zh

P-09

OUC-CAMS：An introduction of the MICADAS installed at the
Ocean University of China

H. Zhang, X. Ning, Z. Wang, X. Xu, H. Li, and M. Zh

P-10

AMS program in Tianjin University

Y. Lang, L. Cui, K. Dong, M. Zhang, J. Zhong, and S

P-11

A new capability for Ca analysis using CaF3 at the Xi'an-AMS
41-

Y.-C. Fu, W.-J. Zhou, P. Cheng, and L. Zhang

Technical development
P-12

A Study of Surface Stripper for the AMS System with a Footprint
below 2 m × 2 m

A. Matsubara, N. Fujita, and K. Kimura

P-13

Ion Source development at the compact AMS at PKU

X.F. Ding, D.P. Fu, L.P. Zhou, and K.X. Liu

P-14

A performance report of the automatic pressing machine developed at
xi Institute, The University of
the Atmosphere and Ocean ResearchTokyo

C. Sawada, Y. Yokoyama, Y. Miyairi, and T. Aze

December 4, 17:20 - 18:40

Thereport
8th East Asia Accelerator Mass Spectrometry Symposium
y and status

w compact radiocarbon AMS (MIni CArbon DAting System)
ntly installed at Nanjing University

Z. Hongyan, G. Yao, L. Chenghong, and L. Huayu

arch and performance with YU-AMS system

T. Moriya, M. Takeyama, H. Sakurai, H. Miyahara, M. Ohyama, H.
Saitoh, Y. Okada, and F. Tokanais report of the compact AMS facility at GIG, CAS

S. Zhu, Z. Cheng, P. Ding, N. Wang, Y. Sun, G. Zhang, and C. Shen

Carbon-14 age calibration and archaeological application

LT Accelerator Report 2019
H. Tokuyama, H. Matsuzaki, Y. Tsuchiya, H. Kusuno, M. Toya, T.
P-20 Potential 14C excursions in the available radiocarbon calibration curve
J. Pawlyta, and A. Rakowski
Yamagata, M. Kawamoto, L. Zhen, Y. Qi, L. Wang, T. Tani, Q. Yang,data
Y. Miyata, N. Miyauchi, A. Horiuchi, and K. Yoshida
P-21Spectrometry
Applicationsof Miyakeeffect inconstructionX.ofWang,absolute
M. Krąpiec, J. Pawlyta, and D. Wiktorowski
ew Accelerator Mass
Facilityin Qingdao
National
S. Sun, Y. Xue, andA.
H.Rakowski,Songdendrochronologicalscale
ratory for Marine Scienceand Technology, China

P-22 facility
M. andHakozaki,
F. Miyake, and T. Nakamura
BER
5, 2019
THUSDAY,DECEMBER
2019blanks of theQNLM-AMS
and994
the14process
S. Sun,Japanese
L. Xu, Y.trees
Xue, H. Song,X. Wang
775 andC5,event
in theassessmenttree-rings of northern

14
dating ofTrip
a shrine pavilion and offerings at Abushina
Y. Saito-Kokubu, T. Nisio, N. Fujita, and A. Matsubara
ce One-day
Trip
8:20P-23
Mid-Conference
mall
sized samples
for
CRadiocarbon
analysis One-day
shrine in Gifu prefecture, Japanstatusof18:00
the compact-AMS
Paleo Labo NAGOYACo., Ltd.
S. Itoh, M. Sato, M. Hirota, Z. Lomtatidze, H. Yamagata, and K.
Nent
THE
NAGOYAKAWABUNNAGOYA
Gala Dinnersystem
at THEatKAWABUN
Nakamura
P-24 AMS 14C dating on Collagen, TOC and carbonate
C.-Y. Chou, H.-C. Li, S.-C. Kang, and T. Changof bone and toothormance of a newly installed
MICADASat the Ocean
Z. Wang, H. Zhang, X. Ning, X. Xu, H. Li, and M. Zhao
samples
at the NTUAMSLabUniversity
R 6, 2019FRIDAY, DECEMBER 6, 2019hina
P-25 The spatial distribution of shell 14C ages in China.
P. Cheng, and J. Dong
plication
eneral AMS/ Carbon-14
application
Sessionage
7:
Carbon-14
AMS
age
and
calibrationarchaeologicalapplication/ Carbon-14
applicationarchaeologicalageX.
calibration
application
and X.
archaeological
H. Zhang,Ning, Z. Wang,
Xu, H. Li, andapplication
M. Zhao
C-CAMS：An
introductionof/ calibration
theGeneral
MICADASinstalled
at the andP-26 Radiocarbon dating and diet analysis of cremated bones excavatedM. Minami,
S. Wakaki,
and T. Nakamura
Chairs:W. Zhou
Chairs:H.
W.Mukumoto,
Zhou
Chairs: W. Zhou
n University of China
fromarchaeologicalsites
inofJapan
f program
Aboriginaltheage
9:00ofartAboriginal
O-28
using
cosmogenicrock
Constraining
art Be-10
using cosmogenic
the age
D. Fink,
Aboriginal
Be-10
G. Cazes,rock
D.
R.H.
Fink,
art
using
G. Cazes,andcosmogenic
A.T.
R.H.
CodileanFülöp,
Be-10 and
D. Fink,
CodileanCazes,andR.H.S.Fülöp,Snstraining
inrockTianjin
University
Y.Fülöp,Lang,
L. Cui,K.
Dong,
M. A.T.
Zhang,
J.G.
Zhong,
Xu and A.T. Codilean

ck
Al-26
shelterdatingcollapseof rockin Keynote
theshelter
Kimberley
collapse
andregion,
Al-26
in the dating
Kimberleyof rockregion,shelter collapse in the Kimberley region,
41
Y.-C. Fu, W.-J. Zhou, P. Cheng, and L. Zhang
stralia
Australia
AMS
application
w capability forGeneral
Ca analysis
using
CaF - at the Xi'an-AMS
3pansionof the Angkorianand demise
9:40P-27
KhmerofO-29the Empire
Angkorian
Khmer and
EmpiredemiseQ. Hua,of theM.
AngkorianHendrickson,
Hua,
Khmer
D.M.
Penny,
EmpireHendrickson,
Cook,D.
andPenny,
T. HallQ.
Cook,
Hua, M.
andHendrickson,
T.
D.Minami,
Penny, D.and
Cook,
and T. Hall
A plan Expansion
on accurate
radiocarbon
datingof Q.
ivory
products
inD.Japan
andT.D.
Nakamura,
H.Hall
Koike, M.
S. Nishida
Poster session
sessionPoster session
Invitedestimation of the original areas for providing ivory for legal
evelopment

of B.
ivory
diocarbon
ncientLoulandating10:00
CityAncient
O-30Loulan
City
Radiocarbon
datingAncient
Xu,products
andLoulan
Z. Gu City
B. Xu,and Z. -Gu
Tuesday,
December3, 17:00
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The 8th East Asia Accelerator Mass Spectrometry Symposium

Guides for Presentation and Proceedings
Posters:
The size of the presentation board is 170 cm high and 120 cm wide. Posters can be on theboard from the start (Tuesday morning) till the end (Friday 13:00) of the symposium. After
Friday 13:00, all posters leaving on the board will be shredded.
Oral Presentations:
Please bring your own computer for presentation. If it is impossible to bring it, please consult
to the EA-AMS 8 organizing committee in advance.
Keynote lectures: 35 min + 5 min for Q&A (40 min in total).
Invited and other oral presentations: 15 min + 5 min for Q&A (20 min in total).

Proceedings:
All presenters have an opportunity to publish short paper (2-4 pages, written in English
or Japanese) in the Proceedings of the 22nd Japanese symposium on Accelerator Mass
Spectrometry (JAMS-22). We are planning to publish the Proceedings by April, 2020. We
welcome submission of proofread manuscript from all the participants, using a web online
system (https://www.nendai.nagoya-u.ac.jp/eaams8/proceedings.html) by February 28, 2020.

xiii

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NOTES

xiv

Abstracts
Oral presentation

1

The 8th East Asia Accelerator Mass Spectrometry Symposium

Pre-session
PRE-01

Progress in AMS and Opportunities for Applications with long-lived Radionuclides
Hans-Arno Synal
Laboratory of Ion Beam Physics, ETH Zurich, Building HPK, Otto-Stern-Weg 5, 8093 Zurich, Switzerland*Corresponding author. E-mail: synal@phys.ethz.ch
The technical evolution of Accelerator Mass Spectrometry (AMS) instrumentation over the last ten years

has boosted research with radioactive tracers in global environment. Of course, 14C has been and still is theby far most important AMS nuclide but there is a great potential for applications of 10Be, 26Al, 36Cl, 41Ca,

129

I, and actinides measurements. Today, 1+ charge state is primarily used in case of 14C detection, molecularinterferences are destroyed in multiple collisions with He stripper gas atoms, and a high yield of atomic ions isreached at energies of a few hundred keV, only. Thus, instruments develop towards lab size or table-top devices
and performance has improved with respect to overall detection efficiency and reproducibility of measurement

conditions. In addition, the advent of hybrid ion source accepting sample materials as CO2 in a He carrier gas
stream [1] enabled the analysis of microgram sized samples making compound specific analyses possible.

He stripping has the potential to down size instruments for measurements of other radionuclides, too [2]. For

the 10Be/10B pair, a significant isobar separation capability can be achieved already at particle energies of lessthan 1 MeV, by using passive absorber techniques and exploiting the quite large difference in energy loss ofthese isobar [3]. Apart from this, only nuclides that are not interfered by nuclear isobars can be detected withnew compact instruments. Modern simulation technique allows to optimize their designs and replace traditional

accelerator technology by high-voltage platforms driven by commercial HV power supplies. These developments
have launched the wide spread use of AMS in various research fields and has resulted in a boom of new AMS
facilities which impact the wide variety of applications of AMS in modern research.

The recent technical development will be summarized and examples on specific applications will be discussed

to highlight future perspective of research with long-lived radionuclides.
Keywords: AMS; Radiocarbon; Long-lived radionuclides
References[1] S. Fahrni et al., NIM B 294 (2013) 320-327.
[2] K. Fifield et al., NIM B 223-24 (2004) 802-806.
[3] A. Müller et al., NIM B 268 (2010) 2801-2807.

2

The 8th East Asia Accelerator Mass Spectrometry Symposium

Pre-session
PRE-02

Latest results of the MILEA system - a new 300 kV multi-isotope AMS facility
Arnold Milenko Müller1*, Sascha Maxeiner1, Marcus Christl2, Philip Gautschi2, Hans-Arno Synal2,
Christof Vockenhuber2, Lukas Wacker2

1
2

Ionplus AG, Lerzenstrasse 12, 8953 Dietikon

Laboratory of Ion Beam Physics, ETH Zurich*Corresponding author. E-mail: mueller@ionplus.ch
In 2018 a prototype version of a new compact multi-isotope AMS instrument, the so-called MILEA (Multi

Isotope Low Energy AMS), was taken into operation at the Laboratory of Ion Beam Physics at ETH Zurich incollaboration with Ionplus. The system operates at accelerator voltages below 300 kV and is dedicated to themeasurement of 10Be, 14C, 26Al, 41Ca (biomedical applications), 129I and actinides (Pu, U, Th and others).

In the course of developing MILEA, various technological and ion optical concepts of the well-established

MICADAS and Tandy spectrometers were combined and refined for the application in this new multi-

isotope system. Moreover, new approaches and developments have been implemented in order to optimize theperformance for all nuclides. Consequently, a very small system footprint could be realized (3.5×7m2).

A MICADAS type Cs-sputter ion source is used for the extraction of all elements, followed by an 90

electrostatic deflector and a 90 magnet, which constitute the low energy spectrometer. The accelerator consistsof a vacuum insulated terminal supplied by a 300 kV cascade [1]. In order to optimize the measurement
performance, ion beam transmission and background for all nuclides, the design of the stripper is crucial [2].

Since the focusing properties of the high energy accelerator stage depends on the charge state and themolecular fragmentation after the stripper, a quadrupole triplet lens was installed to achieve optimal beamcoupling to the HE spectrometer, which consists of a 90 magnet, 120 ESA and 110 magnet. Finally, a highresolution ΔE-Eres gas ionization chamber equipped with a removable absorber cell is mounted at the back end.

Extensive tests and experiments have been performed in order to determine and demonstrate themeasurement performance of the system for the mentioned radionuclides. Based on these findings acommercial version of the MILEA facility has been established by Ionplus. An overview of the most importantsystem features will be given and the latest results obtained will be presented and discussed.
Keywords: multi-isotope; low-energy; AMS
References[1] S. Maxeiner et al., NIM B 439 (2019) 84-89.
[2] S. Maxeiner et al., NIM B 361 (2015) 237-244.

3

The 8th East Asia Accelerator Mass Spectrometry Symposium

Pre-session
PRE-03

New Developments for the MC-SNICS Ion Sources at NEC
Mark Sundquist, Richard Kitchen, Thilo Hauser, Eric Alderson, Andrew Gajeski, Kenneth Kearney,
Shaun McNamer, Allan OʼConner, Aislinn OʼDwyer, Mark Sandlin, Mark Stodola
National Electrostatics Corp (NEC), USA*Corresponding author. E-mail: sundquist_m@hotmail.com
We will describe and report performance of new NEC equipment to enhance the convenience, precision,and reliability of the over 160 existing and new MC-SNICS ion sources[1] . This equipment includes a

microprocessor-controlled MC-SNICS indexer controller, an electric cathode press, an absolute position
system for the MC-SNICS, a gas sample hub (GSH), and an automated gas ampoule transfer system (AGATE).
The MC-SNICS variations, their applications, and other new developments will be discussed.
Keywords: MC-SNICS; indexer; cathode; press
References[1] G.A. Norton et al., Proceedings of North Eastern Accelerator

Personnel, Santa Fe, New Mexico, October 16019, 1991, Singapore: World Scientific, 1992, pp. 295-301

4

The 8th East Asia Accelerator Mass Spectrometry Symposium

Pre-session
PRE-04

Recent Progress in Positive Ion Mass Spectrometry (PIMS) for Radiocarbon Measurements
Mark Sundquist1, Stewart P.H.T. Freeman2, Richard Shanks2, Cameron McIntyre2, Pierre Salou3,
Kenneth Kearney1, Richard Kitchen1, Thilo Hauser1, Robert Bosch1, Eric C. Alderson1

1
2
3

National Electrostatics Corp (NEC), USA

Scottish Universities Environmental Research Centre (SUERC) AMS Laboratory, UK
Pantechnik S.A., France*Corresponding author. E-mail: sundquist_m@hotmail.com
We will present recent performance data from the PIMS system at SUERC, along with the description andstatus of new complementary instruments to facilitate and automate direct CO2 radiocarbon measurements,

including a CO2 Gas Sample Hub (GSH) and an Automated Gas Ampoule Transfer Engine (AGATE).
Keywords: PIMS; radiocarbon; CO2; hub, ampoule

5The 8th East Asia Accelerator Mass Spectrometry Symposium

Pre-session
PRE-05

Low energy 14C and multi-element HVE AMS systems
G. Scognamiglio*, M. Klein, N. Podaru, D. Mous
High Voltage Engineering Europa B.V., Amersfoort, The Netherlands*Corresponding author. E-mail: info@highvolteng.com
Two new sub-MV accelerator mass spectrometers based on vacuum insulated accelerators were designed,

manufactured and tested by High Voltage Engineering.

The first is dedicated to 14C measurements [1]. The system features a low-memory hybrid SO110-C sputter

ion source, an injector magnet, an accelerator operating at a terminal voltage of 210 kV, an analyzer magnet,
an electrostatic analyzer (ESA) and a gas ionization chamber (GIC), and has a total footprint of 3.0 m x 2.7 m.

Both low- and high-energy mass analyzers use temperature compensated permanent magnets. Several feedback
loops ensure stable beam position in both the low- and high-energy side, eliminating effects of long-term drifts(e.g. temperature) on the analysis result. Novel to 14C AMS, the accelerator terminal is equipped with a so-called charge state selector (CSS). Following the stripping process in the accelerator, ions with charge state 1+
have the highest yield and are used for the AMS measurement. In conventional systems, 12C and 13C ions ofother charge states undergoing charge exchanges within the second acceleration stage are the dominant sourcesof measurement background. The CSS filters out these contributions, resulting in a 14C/12C background ratio of

5 · 10 -16.

The second system is a multi-element AMS apparatus for 10Be, 14C, 26Al, 129I, and actinides, featuring the

SO-110C ion source, a low-energy spectrometer with ESA and analyzing magnet, and a high-energy analyzer

comprising one ESA, two analyzing magnets and a GIC. For all elements, the accelerator runs at 300 kV. The
system footprint is 6.9 m x 5.0 m.

We will discuss the performance of both AMS systems and highlight the technical features enabling low

background measurements.

Keywords: Low-energy AMS; radiocarbon; multi-element
References[1] M. Klein, N. Podaru, D. Mous. A novel dedicated 14C AMS system. Radiocarbon (2019), in press.

6

The 8th East Asia Accelerator Mass Spectrometry Symposium

Pre-session
PRE-06

Performance of the HVE 1 MV AMS system for the analysis of actinides and beryllium
G. Scognamiglio1*, M. Klein1, N. Podaru1, G. Domínguez1, D. Mous1, Q. Liu2,3, X.L. Zhao2,3High Voltage Engineering Europa B.V., Amersfoort, The Netherlands
Interdisciplinary Research Center of Earth Science Frontier, Beijing Normal University, China
3
Institute of Earth Environment, Chinese Academy of Science, China
12*Corresponding author. E-mail: info@highvolteng.com
HVE has designed, manufactured and tested an AMS system with two new high-energy detection beamlines,
supporting analyses of elements from 3H to 244Pu at 1 MV terminal voltage [1].
The beam is created in a hybrid, low-memory sputtering SO-110C ion source. The injector has an ESA and ahigh-resolution magnet. The 1 MV Tandetron™ accelerator features a special stripper geometry with a differential
pumping arrangement and two turbo-molecular pumps. Either Ar or He can be selected as stripper gas. The highenergy spectrometer comprises a first analyzing magnet, an ESA, and two detection beamlines. Each of these lines
features a magnet, a gas ionization chamber and other components for beam focusing or background suppression.
The first beamline is dedicated to 10Be AMS. A SiN degrader foil is placed in front of a high-acceptance magnet(30 mrad), providing a 10B suppression of 4 orders of magnitude. The beam interaction with the foil results incharge state distribution, angular straggling and energy straggling, which convert in beam losses. However, due tothe magnet high acceptance, the overall efficiency (including both charge state yields and optical losses) is up to
20%. A set of vertical steerers following the degrader foil suppresses interfering 10B ions which charge-exchange
between the foil and the detector, resulting in a background in the low 10-16 level.
The second beamline is designed for actinides AMS, which requires the cyclical measurements of several
isotopes in the detector. All the analyzing components (magnets and ESA) in the beamline for actinides havea bouncing capability, allowing a fast sequential measurement of the isotopes to the measuring device. The
transmission through the accelerator is 30% with He stripping, and the 236U/238U background ratio is 8 · 10-15. This
beamline supports the AMS measurement of 3H, 14C, 26Al, 41Ca, and 129I.
The magnets have been designed and built by HVE to meet the requirements of the different beamlines (highresolution, high angular acceptance for the 10Be beamline, bouncing capability and transport of 244Pu at 1 MV for
the actinides beamline). Optical aberrations are minimized by high-order corrections.
Acknowledgements
The project was supported by the Interdiscipline Research Funds of the Beijing Normal University(2017NJCB03) and the Special Funds to Coordinate Development of World-class Universities and First-classDisciplines Construction by Ministry of Finance of the People's Republic of China.
Keywords: AMS; multi-element; magnet design
References[1] M. Klein, D. Mous, Q. Liu, X.-L. Zhao, W. Zhou. A 1 MV AMS system for the analysis of actinides. Nucl.
Instr. Meth. B, 439:100-104 (2019).
7

The 8th East Asia Accelerator Mass Spectrometry Symposium

Space and earth environmental science I

KeynoteO-01

Evidence for solar-flare and other cosmic-ray events in the 14C record in tree rings and in other records
A J Timothy Jull1,2*, Fusa Miyake3, Irina Panyushkina4
Department of Geosciences, University of Arizona, Tucson, Arizona USA
Isotope Climatology and Environmental Research Centre, Institute for Nuclear Research, Debrecen, Hungary
3Institute for Space-Earth Environmental Research, Nagoya University, Nagoya, Japan
4
Laboratory for Tree-Ring Research, University of Arizona, Tucson, Arizona USA
1

2*Corresponding author. E-mail: jull@email.arizona.edu
Various 14C excursions apparently caused by an increase of incoming cosmic rays on a short time scale foundin the Late Holocene have generated widespread interest and have been reproduced in many different tree-ringrecords [1-4]. These excursions at AD 774-775 AD 993-994 are well-documented but with an increasing numberof studies using annual 14C analysis a range of new structures are being revealed. This includes rapid increase
events such as at 660 BC [5,6] likely also due to extreme solar proton events (SPE). However, other types ofchange in 14C production may be due to a mix of SPE and different phenomena, such as around 5480 BC [3]and 815 BC [7] . A proposed event about 3371 BC [8] was also attributed to SPE effects, but this has not yet
been confirmed in other records. Recently, Dee et al. [9] and Terrasi et al. [10] have explored possible supernova
effects, although evidence for 14C production from supernovae is still unclear. A diverse range of processes
have the potential to effect cosmic-ray flux, including solar events, gamma-ray bursts, geomagnetic shifts andsupernova. Such studies are providing a wealth of new information through which to characterize new ʻeventsʼ in
14
C structure and to begin to understand the processes behind them. This research has much modern relevancein terms of understanding solar-climate forcing as well as the potential damages to technology brought about
by events such as solar flares. These effects are also highly relevance to dating using the current international
radiocarbon calibration curve based on decadal data. The difference in the shape of a calibration curve basedon annual data demonstrates potential to improve the calibration process using annually-derived data, but also
indicates that error ranges will likely be increased with a more noisy curve which features the range of structuralvariability. In addition to the possible effects on radiocarbon calibration, the records of cosmic events observed
using other radionuclides (e.g. 10Be and 36Cl) in ice cores (10Be and 36Cl) and the long-term record on the Moon
are also instructive for our understanding of solar cosmic-ray variability.
Keywords: carbon-14; solar flares; supernovae; calibration
References[1] F. Miyake et al., Nature 486 (2012) 240-242.
[2] F. Miyake et al., Nature Communications 4 (2013) 1748.
[3] F. Miyake et al., PNAS 114 (2017) 881-884.
[4] U. Büntgen et al., Nat. Commun. 9 (2018) 3605.
[5] J. Park et al., Radiocarbon 59 (2017) 1147-1156.

[6] P. OʼHare et al., PNAS 116 (2019) 5961-5966.
[7] A. J. T. Jull et al., Geophys. Res. Lett 41 (2014) 3004-3010.
[8] F. Y. Wang et al., Nat. Commun. 18 (2017) 1487.
[9] M.W. Dee et al., Radiocarbon 59 (2017) 293-302.
[10] G. Terrasi et al., Radiocarbon, submitted.
8

The 8th East Asia Accelerator Mass Spectrometry Symposium

Space and earth environmental science I

Invited

O-02

Simulation of Δ14C peak in AD 775 using MCNPX and Estimation of the occurrence time of the 14C
peak in AD 775 Δ14C values in sub-annual tree rings
Junghun Park1*, Jeong-Wook Seo2, W. Hong1, G. Park1, Kilho Sung1, Yong Jin Park1, Yo-Jung Kim2
1

2

Korea Institute of Geoscience and Mineral Resources (KIGAM), 124 Gwahang-no, Yuseong-gu, Daejeon 34132,
Korea

Chungbuk National University, Chungdae-ro 1, Seowon-Gu, Cheongju,Chungbuk 28644, Korea*Corresponding author. E-mail: junghun@kigam.re.kr
Since Δ14C peak (M12) in AD775 was measured annually by Miyake et al. [1], many researchers have beeninterested in this theme. The M12 and AD 993/4 become thought to be from Solar Proton Event (SPE), since10

Be/36Cl measured in polar ice cores [2]. In this study first GCR and SPE was simulated using MCNPX codeand recent measured SPE and GCR energy spectrum. Energy spectrum related to SPE softer than those related

to GCR, so 14C production heights from SPE are higher than those from GCR according to MCNPX simulation.

This difference can suggest a clue for which one is more plausible between SPE and GCR. Second I introduce
the Δ14C values in early- and latewood from AD 762–776 Zelkova serrata tree rings from Bangu-dong, Ulsan,South Korea (35°33'N, 129°20'E). The half-oxidation time of 14C was estimated from a detailed analysis of asmall bomb peak in AD 1962. Based on the half-oxidation time, the Δ14C rise in the latewood, but not in theearlywood, of AD 774 in Finland, and the absence of a Δ14C rise in both the early- and latewood of AD 774 in
South Korea, the 14C spike production was estimated to occur from late April to mid-June in AD 774.

Keywords: M12; sun-annual tree rings; SPE, MCNPX
References[1] F. Miyake et al., Nature 486 (2012) 240-242.
[2] F. Mekhaldi et al. Nat. Commun. 6 (2015) 8611.

9

The 8th East Asia Accelerator Mass Spectrometry Symposium

Space and earth environmental science I
O-03

Variation of cosmogenic 10Be for cosmic ray event in ~5480 BC from Antarctic Dome Fuji ice core
Kayo Kanzawa1*, Fusa Miyake1, Yuma Tada1, Kazuho Horiuchi2, Kou Ohtani2, Kimikazu Sasa3,
Yuko Motizuki4, Kazuya Takahashi4, Yoichi Nakai4, Hideaki Motoyama5, Hiroyuki Matsuzaki6

Institute for Space-Earth Environmental Research, Nagoya University, Nagoya 464-8601, Japan
Graduate school of Science and Technology, Hirosaki University, Hirosaki 036-8561, Japan
3
Accelerator Mass Spectrometry Group, University of Tsukuba, Tsukuba 305-8577, Japan
4
RIKEN Nishina Center, Wako 351-0198, Japan
5
National Institute of Polar Research, Tokyo 190-8518, Japan
6
The University museum, University of Tokyo, Tokyo 113-0032, Japan
1

2*Corresponding author. E-mail: kanzawa@isee.nagoya-u.ac.jp
Cosmogenic nuclides, such as 10Be, 14C and 36Cl, are produced by interactions between cosmic ray particles
and atmospheric atoms. After productions of these nuclides in the atmosphere, they are stored in archive samples,e.g., tree rings for 14C and polar ice sheets for 10Be and 36Cl. Therefore, cosmogenic nuclides data in these archive
samples would record cosmic ray intensities in the past.
A rapid and quite large increase of 14C concentrations around 5480 BC was found by annual 14C analyses usinga bristlecone pine sample (~5480 BC event) [1]. An increase rate of 14C concentrations for the ~5480 BC event
is 17‰/8 years, which is a much rapider change compared with normal annual 14C variations including large 14C
increases during several grand solar minima. The 14C variation is also different from other cosmic ray events
shown in cosmogenic data, i.e., the 774/775, 993/994 (992/993), and ~660 BC events [2-4]. Several hypotheses
for an origin of the ~5480 BC event have been proposed, i.e., a sudden decrease of solar magnetic activity and an
occurrence of consecutive extreme Solar Proton Events (SPEs), however, further investigations are necessary to
specify the origin.
To investigate the origin of the ~5480 BC event, we analyzed 10Be concentrations in Antarctic Dome Fuji
ice cores with quasi-annual resolution. We prepared BeO samples, and carried out AMS measurements at the
University of Tokyo (MALT-AMS). We found a large increase of 10Be concentrations in 1–2 years around 5468
BC (+10yrs/-15yrs). Although this 10Be increase might have the same origin with the ~5480 BC event, we could
not confirm a similarity between 10Be and 14C variations before and after the rapid increase due to a lack ofmeasurement period of 10Be data. In order to fully cover the period of the ~5480 BC event taking into account theage error, we are going to analyze 10Be for a longer time period (~100 years in total) in the future.
Keywords: Cosmogenic nuclides; Beryllium-10; Cosmic ray event
References[1] Miyake et al., PNAS 114 (2017) 881.
[2] Miyake et al., Nature 486 (2012) 240.
[3] Miyake et al., Nat. Commun. 4 (2013) 1748.
[4] Park et al., Radiocarbon 59 (2017) 1147.
10

The 8th East Asia Accelerator Mass Spectrometry Symposium

Space and earth environmental science I
O-04

Variations of Beryllium-10 and Chroline-36 deposition flux at Tsukuba, Japan
Yuta Ochiai1*, Kimikazu Sasa1, Yuki Tosaki2, Tsutomu Takahashi1, Masumi Matsumura1, Keisuke Sueki1
1

2

Accelerator Mass Spectrometry Group, Tandem Accelerator Complex, University of Tsukuba, 1-1-1 Tennodai,
Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-8577, Japan

Hydrogeology Research Group, Geological Survey of Japan, National Institute of Advanced Industrial Scienceand Technology (AIST), AIST Tsukuba Central 7, 1-1-1 Higashi, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-8567, Japan*Corresponding author. E-mail: ochiai.yuta.sp@alumni.tsukuba.ac.jp
Beryllium-10 (half-life: 1.35 Ma) and Chlorine-36 (half-life: 0.301 Ma) are cosmogenic nuclides, that are

produced by nuclear reactions between cosmic rays and elements consisting of the earth. The deposition fluxesof cosmogenic Beryllium or Chlorine were expected to be used for the atmospheric tracer or indicator of cosmic

ray intensity. However, variations of fluxes were complicated because of the contribution to various factors suchas the local atmospheric conditions. Long term measurements were needed to clarify the trends of fluxes. We
had collected monthly rainwater samples at Tsukuba, Japan during 2014-2018 and analyzed Beryllium-10 and

Chlorine-36 with accelerator mass spectrometry at UTTAC. The deposition flux of Beryllium-10 ranged from67±2 to (1.16±0.02)×103 atoms m-2 s-1, and averaged (4.42±0.04)×103 atoms m-2 s-1. The deposition flux of

Chlorine-36 ranged from 2±1 to (1.4±0.1)×102 atoms m-2 s-1 and averaged 30±1 atoms m-2 s-1. The fluxes in thisstudy were higher than the estimated value of Beryllium (350-400 atoms m-2 s-1[1]) or global mean productions(Beryllium-10, 290 atoms m-2 s-1[1]; Chlorine-36, 25 atoms m-2 s-1[2]). The meteorological conditions like

precipitation amounts would affect the deposition amounts. The Beryllium-10 deposition flux had the correlation
with the Chlorine-36 (r = 0.6, p < 0.05). The behavior of Beryllium-10 would be similar to that of Chlorine-36 in

the environment. The ratio of Beryllium-10 to Chlorine-36 averaged 23±2, which was higher than the estimatedratio of 11.6 based on the production rate [2]. The re-suspended soils were possibly to be caused by the highratio because soils have a high level of Beryllium-10 concentration (e.g. 2×108 atoms g-1 in Japan [3]). In thispresentation, we would report the variations of the Beryllium-10 and Chlorine-36 deposition flux in detail and thecorrelations with the solar activity.

Keywords: Beryllium-10; Chlorine-36; rainwater; flux; variation; AMS
References[1] U. Heikkila, Ph. D Thesis, ETH Zurich (2007).
[2] S. V. Poluianov et al., J. Geophys. Res-Atoms. 121(13) (2016) 8125-8136.
[3] Y. Maejima et al., Nucl. Instrum. Meth. B. 223-224 (2004) 596-600.

11

The 8th East Asia Accelerator Mass Spectrometry Symposium

Space and earth environmental science I
O-05

Distribution of atmospheric concentrations of 7Be and 10Be in the marine boundary layer
Takeyasu Yamagata1,2*, Hisao Nagai2, Hiroyuki Matsuzaki1
1
2

The University Museum, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo 113-0032, Japan
College of Humanities and Sciences, Nihon University, Tokyo 156-8550, Japan*Corresponding author. E-mail: yamagata@chs.nihon-u.ac.jp
The distribution of atmospheric concentrations of 7Be (Half-life 53.3 days) and 10Be (Half-life 1.36 Ma) inmarine boundary layer was investigated using a high-volume air sampler onboard of several cruises of the R/V

Hakuho-maru. The cruises are 1) KH94-4 in the Western Pacific in 1994, 2) KH96-5 in the Eastern Indian Ocean
in 1996, 3) KH03-1 in the Eastern South Pacific in 2003, 4) KH04-5 in the Southern Pacific in 2004, 5) KH09-

5 in the Western Indian Ocean and 6) KH12-4 in the North Pacific in 2012. The concentration of 7Be in samples
were measured using by HPGe detectors. The concentration of 10Be were measured using 10Be-AMS system on

MALT, The university of Tokyo.

Low 7Be concentrations were observed in the Antarctic low-pressure zone between 40º and 50º and theEquatorial region. High 7Be concentration were observed between 20º and 30º in both hemispheres. Temporalvariations of the concentration of 7Be in each cruise were corresponded with the variations of atmosphericpressure. It caused the low 7Be concentration that the extreme low pressure in Antarctic low-pressure zone

inhibit a downward flux from upper troposphere. The updraft by Hadley cell in equatorial zone makes low 7Be

concentration in equatorial zone. Only the equatorial region at coastal area in India, high 7Be concentrations wereobserved that caused by high vertical convection by Indian monsoon. The atomic ratio of 10Be/7Be for a tracer ofstratosphere aerosols were high between 20º and 60º in the Southern Hemisphere. In the Northern Hemisphere,
the 10Be/7Be didnʼt show the latitudinal distribution like the Southern Hemisphere but it showed a seasonalvariation which was high from February to June similar to the variation at Tokyo [1].
Keywords: 10Be; 7Be, Atmosphere; Aerosols; Ocean
References[1] Yamagata et al., Nucl. instr. meth. Phys. Res. B, 445 (2019) 265-270.

12

The 8th East Asia Accelerator Mass Spectrometry Symposium

Space and earth environmental science II
O-06

Study on the natural iodine isotope system: a consideration from iodine geochemical cycle
Hiroyuki Matsuzaki
Micro Analysis Laboratory, Tandem accelerator, The University Museum, The Universiy of Tokyo 2-11-16 Yayoi,
Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 113-0032, Japan*Corresponding author. E-mail: hmatsu@um.u-tokyo.ac.jp
Before 1950ʼs, the sources of iodine-129 (half-life = 15.7 myr) are limited to those of natural processes, i.e.,
the interaction of cosmic ray and the spontaneous fission of naturally existing uranium. The production rateshould not have been changed drastically for long time, and geochemical circulation time of iodine is generally
shorter than its half-life, people has been considering there has been an equilibrium isotopic ratio (129I/127I) in a
steady state, that enables “dating” with this isotope system like 14C/12C system. U. Fehn and J. Moran proposed
1.5×10-12 as the equilibrium 129I/127I ratio based on the measurements of seafloor sediments around the Northand the South American continents. They and their followers had determined “isotope ages” of several brinesand pore waters associated with gas hydrates. Typical age calculated from the iodine isotopic ratio was around50 million years, however in most cases the “geologic age” of the mother strata were much younger, typically
few million years.
To examine this discrepancy, the author previously measured the iodine isotopic ratio of deep sea water in
the Indian ocean, which was thought to preserve pre-anthropogenic environment, and found one order smaller
results than Fehn and Moran value, i.e., 129I/127I = 2.0×10-13.
To interpret this result, the author examined the geochemical cycle of iodine again. Though there are few data
about not only the dynamics of iodine in various geochemical sites (atmosphere, shallow ocean, deep ocean, sea
floor sediments, land soil, biomass, etc.) but also the abundance, a steady state with incomplete iodine mixing
between ocean and sediments resulting in different isotopic ratio is possible with certain parameters of iodine
dynamics. The dating using iodine isotopic ratio (129I/127I) is not simple and the interpretation of the observed
ratio should be more careful.
This presentation is an update report of that presented in EA-AMS7 including more detailed consideration
about the iodine geochemical cycle.
Keywords: 129I; Iodine isotope system; iodine geochemical cycle

13The 8th East Asia Accelerator Mass Spectrometry Symposium

Space and earth environmental science II
O-07

Screening for Radionuclide Contamination from the Fukushima Accident by Iodine-129
Measurement in Corals from Baler
S.J. Limlingan1*, A.T. Bautista VII1, A.M. Jagonoy1, J.M. Racho1, B.J. Arcilla1, M.M. Bauyon1, J.D. Valdez1,
H. Kusuno3, E. Dumalagan Jr.2, F.P. Siringan2, H. Matsuzaki3

Philippine Nuclear Research Institute, Department of Science and Technology, Diliman, Quezon City, 1101,
Philippines
2
Marine Science Institute, University of the Philippines, Diliman, Quezon City, 1101, Philippines
3
Micro Analysis Laboratory, Tandem Accelerator (MALT), The University Museum, The University of Tokyo,
Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo, 113-0032, Japan
1*Corresponding author. E-mail: sophiajobien@gmail.com
Following the Fukushima Daiichi nuclear power plant accident of 2011, excessive amounts of toxic radioactive

fallout material was deposited into the Pacific Ocean, consequently posing health risks to exposed individuals.

Subsequent transport of this discharge material via circulation in the Pacific Ocean may eventually bring theradionuclides within the vicinity of Philippine coastal communities, possibly endangering marine life, aquatic

livelihood, and domestic health. The research study was thus commenced to assess the degree and geographicalextent of locally relevant contamination with the use of iodine-129 as an environmental proxy for anthropogenic
radionuclide transport. In this study, we present a time series profile of 129I/(stable)127I isotopic ratios in coral
cores from the first of three target sites along the northeastern seaboard of the Philippines[1]. Coral cores werecollected from Baler, Aurora, age-modeled, and subsequently subsampled per annual growth band. Iodine

was then extracted from the calcium carbonate coral matrix via multi-stage solvent extraction procedures andanalyzed via Accelerator Mass Spectrometry (AMS) and Inductively Coupled Plasma Mass Spectrometry (ICPMS)[2]. 129I/127I peaks corresponding to historical nuclear events such as the extensive above-ground bomb testingin the Pacific Proving Grounds (1952, 1954, 1956, 1958, 1962) and the Chernobyl Accident of 1986 (1998, with
12-year time lag) were clearly observed. Moreover, peaks from the Fukushima fallout may have been observed ataround 2014, suggesting a three-year transport period via the Kuroshio Recirculation Gyre (KRG). However, withhigh background 129I/127I levels in recent years (2000 – 2010) as well as the possibility of the signal coming fromradioactive material being transported by the North Equatorial current (NEC), further validation from the studyʼs
two other geographical sites is still necessary.

Keywords: iodine-129; Fukushima; coral; nuclear accident
References[1] A.T.V. Bautista et al., J. Environ. Radioact. 164 (2016) 174-181.
[2] A.T.V. Bautista et al., Anal. Methods. 164 (2017) 174-181.

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The 8th East Asia Accelerator Mass Spectrometry Symposium

Space and earth environmental science II
O-08

Radiocarbon Releases from the Fukushima Dai-ichi Nuclear Power Plant
Sheng Xu1*, Biying Chen2, Yunchao Lang1, Gordon Cook2, Stewart Freeman2, Philip Naysmith2
12

Institute of Surface-Earth System Science (ISESS), Tianjin University, 92 Weijin Road, Tianjin 300072, China

Scottish Universities Environmental Research Centre (SUERC), East Kilbride G75 0QF, UK*Corresponding author. E-mail: sheng.xu@tju.edu.cn
Radiocarbon activities have been measured in annual tree rings from Japanese cedar trees (Cryptomeria

japonica) collected at various sites ranging from 1–50 km northwest, southwest, south and north of the
Fukushima Dai-ichi nuclear power plant (FDNPP). The 14C specific activity varied from 280 Bq/kg C in 2010

to 226 Bq/kg C in 2015. The elevated 14C activities in the 2009 and 2010 rings confirmed 14C discharges during

the routine operations of the FDNPP, whereas those activities that were indistinguishable from background in

2012–2015 coincided with the permanent shutdown of the reactors after the accident in 2011. High-resolution
14

C analysis of the 2011 ring indicated 14C releases during the Fukushima accident.

The resulted 14 C activity decreased with increasing distance from the FDNPP, in particular along thenorthwest direction. The maximum 14C activity released during the period of the accident was measured 42

Bq/kg C above the natural ambient 14C background in northwest direction. Our findings indicate that, unlike

other Fukushima-derived radionuclides (i.e., 129I, 131I, 134 Cs, 137Cs), the 14 C released during the accident is

indistinguishable from ambient background beyond the local environment (~30 km from the FDNPP).
Furthermore, the resulting dose rate to the local population from the excess 14 C activities is negligible
compared to the dose from natural/nuclear weapons sources.
Keywords: 14C release; tree ring; Japanese cedar; FDNPP

References[1] R. Carbon et al., Nucl. Instr. Meth. Phys. Res. B 361 (2020) 324-328.

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Space and earth environmental science II
O-09

Atmospheric 14CO2 time series from Point Barrow, Alaska:
ending of the “Bomb Radiocarbon Period” in the Northern Hemisphere
Xiaomei Xu1*, Jennifer C. Walker2, Sally Newman3, Susan E. Trumbore1,4
KECK CCAMS Facility, Department of Earth System Science, University of California, Irvine, CA 92697-3100,
USA
2
André E. Lalonde AMS Laboratory, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, Ontario, K1N 6N5, Canada
3
Division of Geological and Planetary Sciences, California Institute of Technology, Pasadena, CA 91125, USA
4
Max Planck Institute for Biogeochemistry, 07745 Jena,Thuringia, Germany
1*Corresponding author. E-mail: xxu@uci.edu
The distribution rate and pattern of the bomb 14C produced by nuclear weapons testing during late 1950s –early 1960s has provided a unique opportunity for tracing carbon exchanges in all compartments of the global
carbon cycle, and for studying atmospheric dynamics as well. The atmospheric 14CO2 content peaked around1964 which almost doubled the natural level, then since the Test Ban Treaty it has been decreasing as a result of
CO2 cycling between atmospheric, oceanic and terrestrial carbon reservoirs, and by fossil fuel CO2 emissions. In
this century, the dilution of 14CO2 content by fossil fuel CO2 emissions has become the major controlling factor in
determining the atmospheric 14CO2 decreasing trend.
Long-term observations of 14 C variation in atmospheric CO2 exist for only a few locations. We report
here a continuous, high precision and high temporal resolution Δ14CO2 record obtained at the Point Barrow
Observatory, Alaska (71°N, 157°W) from 2003 to 2019. Sample collection was through the NOAA/ESRL flask
sampling network program, which enables us to compare radiocarbon data with other trace gases and isotopes,
including CO, CO2 mixing ratios and δ13C and δ18O of CO2. There are distinct seasonal cycles of Δ14CO2 in thisrecord, with a broad minimum around Mar-Apr and a maximum in Sep-Oct with an amplitude of ~7‰. During
the collection period, Δ14CO2 decreased almost linearly by ~4.3‰/year, and it is passing 0‰ in 2019, indicating
ending of the “Bomb Radiocarbon Period” in the Northern Hemisphere.
This iconic event is of global significance because the artificial “aging” of the atmosphere may affect theradiocarbon applications in many different scientific disciplines. Also, given the modeling work of Graven [1]the observed 14CO2 data indicate that we are following the worst-case scenario in fossil fuel CO2 emissions
trajectories - the “business-as-usualʼ emissions (RCP8.5).
Keywords: bomb-radiocarbon; CO2; fossil fuel
References[1] Graven (2015) Impact of fossil fuel emissions on atmospheric radiocarbon and various applications ofradiocarbon over this century. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States ofAmerica, Vol:112, ISSN:1091-6490, Pages:9542-9545.

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The 8th East Asia Accelerator Mass Spectrometry Symposium

New facility and status report I

Keynote

O-10

The status report of AMS at CIAE
Ming He*, Qingzhang Zhao, Yiwen Bao, Qubo You, Shengyong Su, Shan Jiang, Yueming Hu, Yijun Pang,
Yuxuan Zhang, Kangning Li, Xiaoming Wang, Shaoyong Wu, Fangfang Wang, Qi Meng
China Institute of Atomic Energy, P.O.Box275(50), Beijing 102413, China*Corresponding author. E-mail: heminghhy@163.com, minghe@ciae.ac.cn
There are four AMS systems at CIAE which include a large AMS system and three miniaturized AMS

systems. The large AMS system(HI-13 AMS system) is set up 30 years ago. The miniaturized AMS systems
are set up recent years.

The HI-13 AMS system is based on a big accelerator which can working at terminal voltage of 12MV. There

are two beam lines for AMS measurement. Base on the HI-13 AMS system more than 10 radionuclides such as

10

Be, 36Cl,41Ca, 53Mn,60Fe have been measured.

The three miniaturized AMS systems are home-made system which include a single stage AMS (SS-AMS)

system , an Heavy ion tandem AMS (HIT-AMS) and an Multi-nuclides tandem AMS system (MNT-AMS).

The SS-AMS is working at terminal of 0.2MV. Based on the SSAMS system, the measurement technique of
14

C and 3H have been established. The HIT-AMS is working at terminal voltage of 0.35MV, Based on the HIT-AMS system, the measurement methods for heavy nuclides (such as 129I, 236U, 239Pu) have been developed, andthe results shown that the system have excellent performance. The MNT-AMS is working at terminal voltage

of 0.30MV, the 14C, 26Al, 41Ca and 129I will be measured with this system. the detail information for the AMS
systems and some applications will be introduced.

This work is supported by the national natural Science foundation of China under grant number of11875326,11575296,11675269.

Keywords: miniaturized AMS systems; status report; 14C; 129I; 239Pu

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The 8th East Asia Accelerator Mass Spectrometry Symposium

New facility and status report I

Invited

O-11

Present status and application studies in GXNU-AMS Lab
Hongtao Shen1*, Zhenchi Zhao1, Zhaomei Li1, Mingji Liu1, Mingli Qi1, Siyu Wei1, Yiwen Bao2, Ming He2,
Kimikazu Sasa3, Shan Jiang2123College of Physics and Technology, Guangxi Normal University, Guilin Guangxi 541004, China
China Institute of Atomic Energy, Beijing 102413, China

University of Tsukuba, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-8577, Japan*Corresponding author. E-mail: shenht@gxnu.edu.cn
GXNU-AMS, a compact 14 C accelerator mass spectrometer, jointly developed by the Chinese Instituteof Atomic Energy and Guangxi Normal University was installed and commissioned in Guangxi Normal

University. Without the traditional mode of SF6 pressure tank, The terminal of the system was designed as anopen insulated high voltage platform, which reduces the construction size of the traditional accelerator to beabout 2.5×4.5 square meters. Helium gas stripping was used to eliminate the interference of molecular ions, andthe maximum operating voltage was 230KV. At present, the measurement accuracy of the instrument is 0.5%,

and the measurement sensitivity is 14C/12C≈5×10-15 (measurement background is 45,000 years), which can meetthe measurement requirements in the fields of life sciences and archaeology. In this paper, the experimental

conditions and the lowest possible energy of GXNU-AMS were discussed, as well as several interesting
application studies in GXNU-AMS group were presented.
Keywords: status; GXNU-AMS; 14C; low energy

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The 8th East Asia Accelerator Mass Spectrometry Symposium

New facility and status report I

Invited

O-12

Progress report and some applications of the NTUAMS Lab during 2017-2019
Hong-Chun Li*, Su-Chen Kang, Chun-Yen Chou, Tingyi Chang
Department of Geosciences, National Taiwan University, Taipei 10617, Taiwan*Corresponding author. E-mail: hcli1960@ntu.edu.tw
Established in 2013, the NTUAMS Lab owns a 1MV HVEE Tandetron model 4110 Bo accelerator mass

spectrometer (AMS) and four graphitization lines. During Nov. 2017 to Oct. 2019, we have run a total of 2349
targets, including 176 OXII, 209 BKG (background for organic carbon samples), 147 NTUB (background forinorganic carbon samples), and 144 inter-comparison samples. The mean 14C/12C and 13C/12C ratios of OXII
for 14C3+ measurements are (1.043±0.088)E-12 (n = 170) and (9.291±0.123)E-3 (n = 170), showing strong

correspondence of 14C/12C variations to the AMS maintenance. The mean 14C/12C ratios of BKG and NTUB are(6.006±2.331)E-15 and (5.754±2.338)E-15, respectively. Every batch sample measurement has contained 2-3
known age inter-comparison samples distributed by Glasgow University. The most frequently measured inter-comparison samples, FIRI-L (Consensus value: 2505 yr BP) and VIRI-L (Consensus value: 2234 yr BP), givemean measured ages of 2465±78 (n = 51) and 2222±109 (n = 45), respectively. About 1670 application samples

have been measured during the past two years for geological, geographical, oceanographic and archaeologicalstudies. Among those AMS 14C applications, the most significantly academic studies include chronologicalconstruction of stalagmites, dating problem of peat samples, dating comparison of multiple components of bone

samples, and dating of tree-ring cellulose. Through our efforts, many young (Holocene in age) stalagmites withlow U and high Th contents especially stalagmites from Altai mountains in Siberia and caves in northeast China
have obtained reliable chronologies. High-resolution and detailed AMS 14C dating on peat cores allows us tofind out the cause and mechanism of old carbon influence on peat 14C dating. The measurement of δ14C records
in tree-ring from Philippines and a 40-year Tridacna gigas from South China Sea provides us information about

nuclear bomb 14C mixing in the atmosphere and ocean. From these studies, a total of 33 SCI journal papers and3 MS theses have been published during the past two years. On the maintenance record of our AMS machine, afault on the GVM due to dust contamination caused a major repair during the past two years.
Keywords: NTUAMS; OXII and background; inter-comparison; applications

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The 8th East Asia Accelerator Mass Spectrometry Symposium

New facility and status report II

Invited

O-13

Status Report of Current Performance of KIGAM AMS Laboratory
Wan Hong1,2*, Junghun Park1, Gyujun Park1, Yongjin Park1, Kilho Sung1
1
2

Korea Institute of Geoscience and Mineral Resources (KIGAM), 124 Gwahak-ro, Yuseong-gu, Daejeon, Korea
University of Science and Technology Korea (UST), 127 Gajeong-ro, Yuseong-gu, Daejeon, Korea*Corresponding author. E-mail: whong@kigam.re.kr
In autumn of 2007, a 1 MV AMS machine was installed at KIGAM. For the last 12 years, KIGAM AMS

has dedicated to research fields such as dominantly earth science, archaeology, anthropology, biomass,criminal investigation, medical science and sitology.

For the sample treatment, an automatic reduction system were developed in 2009. This machine hastreated more than 33,000 samples so far by only one operator. A ten-fold oxidation system for carbonate by
wet chemistry was also developed in 2014. This system is applied not only to calcium carbonate but also tobarium carbonate, strontium carbonate and air samples. For the last two years, ABA Chembot, an automatedsystem for ABA treatment, was developed. Details of this system will be presented at the poster session in thisconference.

For the data process, a database system called AMS db was introduced in 2009. All the samples should be

registered in the data base, and then the database issues sample codes. AMS db semi-automatically collects
most data produced for the sample in our lab. AMS db also automatically calculates radiocarbon ages fromraw data, and makes an analysis report. These all are feasible thanks to our unique sample code structure,
which implies types of samples and plays a key role in automatic calculation of blanks and oxalic values aswell as unknown sample ages. Since very beginning in the history of KIGAM AMS lab, the sample code wasdesigned with taking automatic calculation into consideration.

For the review of results, an AMS data management program, Cheeseburger, was developed in 2011.

Cheeseburger is a tiny program (443 kBytes) to collect data needed in age calculation from multiple raw filesof AMS and makes a data table. With the table, Cheeseburger calculates radiocarbon ages with errors, blankvalues, oxalic values, and the detection limit of the AMS system with the statistical information of the wholemeasurement, so that the performance and the stability of the AMS machine can be figured out. Cheeseburger

can be used to inspect the measurement results because the program provides graphs of data such as C-14
counts. In-situ inspection of the measurement provides important information to control the sophisticatedconditions of AMS system, and thus enhance the efficiency of AMS measurement. In 2019, Cheeseburger was

upgraded to version 7.0 to calibrate a radiocarbon age using Bayesian calculation and IntCal13 data set as well
as Korean tree-ring data set.

Keywords: KIGAM AMS Lab; Status report

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The 8th East Asia Accelerator Mass Spectrometry Symposium

New facility and status report II

Invited

O-14

Current status of 6 MV AMS Research at KIST
Gwan-Ho Lee1, Min-Seok Oh2, Seong Eun Song3, Jong Han Song1, John A. Eliades1, Joonkon Kim1,
Jae Yoel Kim1, Seo Ra Seo1, Byung-Yong Yu1*

Advanced Analysis Center, Korea Institute of Science and Technology, Seoul 02792, Korea
Department of Stem Cell Biology, School of Medicine, Konkuk University, Seoul 143-701, Korea
3
Department of Pharmacy, Integrated Science and Engineering Division, Yonsei University, Incheon 21983, Korea
1

2*Corresponding author. E-mail: injayu@gmail.com
Since The accelerator, which can raise the maximum acceleration voltage up to 6 MV, was completely set

up in 2012 at Korea Institute of Science and Technology, Advanced Analysis Center (KIST AAC), various
services and researches have been mainly carried out in applications of accelerator mass spectrometry.
Currently, six elements (14C, 10Be, 26Al, 36Cl, 41Ca and 129I) can be analyzed by KIST 6 MV AMS, and we
confirmed that the machine background of each isotope is sufficiently low.

Briefly, the applications, using KIST AMS, can be divided into four: 1) Age dating of various samples withradiocarbon, 2) Geological studies including paleoclimate restoration through 10Be measurement accumulated

in marine sediment and estimation of exposure age of rock using 10Be and 26Al measurement, 3) Environmental

field research to build environmental changes related to the radiation pollution of the sea around the Korean
Peninsula measuring 129I and 36Cl, and 4) Biomedical research.

Especially, AMS has been mainly used for biomedical application research since 2014. In order to preventcross contamination of 14C within age dating samples and biomedical samples which generally have highconcentration of 14C, biomedical samples pretreatment system have been established in different building.

Professionals and equipments, which candirectly perform non-clinical testing, are prepared for various
biological samples.

The researches based on microdosing and nanotracing technique had been mainly used in conducting

biomedical application studies. Various researches were conducted in KIST AMS over the last 6 years:

quantification of endogenous substances in body, evaluation of distribution of stem cell therapeutics, PK

studies on high potency or highly variable drug, PK studies in the brain of candidates for Alzheimer disease
treatment, quantification of drug metabolites (known), and quantification of biopharmaceuticals (antibodies orprotein drug) in blood and tissues and brain distribution of CNS-related drugs that are difficult to measure due
to BBB (Blood Brain Barrier).

Keywords: AMS; Current status; Biomedical Applications

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The 8th East Asia Accelerator Mass Spectrometry Symposium

New facility and status report II
O-15

Status of KOMAC-AMS
Yong-Sub Cho*, Kyumin Choe, Yeong Su Ha, Kye-Ryung Kim
Korea Multi-purpose Accelerator Complex, Korea Atomic Energy Research Institute, 38180, Korea*Corresponding author. E-mail: choys@kaeri.re.kr
The accelerator mass spectrometry (AMS) facility at Seoul NationalUniversity (SNU-AMS) [1,2], which

was installed in 1998 and lateroperated, was relocated to KOMAC (Korea Mluti-purpose Accelerator

Complex) located in Gyeongju, Korea. Commissioning is underway after the radiation safety permission havebeen obtained for the transferred 3-MV tandem accelerator (Tandetron, HVE). Much effort has been put into

restarting, such as replacing outdated and damaged parts, and the basic operation of the accelerator has beenverified. A carbon-14 AMS experiment is underway at 1.2 MV to verify the integrity of the device. In addition,
we are conducting AMS target fabrication experiments using the newly prepared chemistry lab and sample
preparation systems moved from Seoul National University. It also plans to promote MPS (Multi Purpose

System) using two ion sources (SNICS and Duplasmatron) and switch magnets from Seoul National University.
It will be used mainly for high energy ion beam irradiation and ion beam analysis.The long-term plan takes
into account the AMS of other nuclides, eg actinides, which are needed to support the research of the KAERI(Korea Atomic Energy Research Institute). This report presents the current progress and future plans.

Acknowledgments: The authors would like to thank ProfessorJong-Chan Kim, a pioneer of AMS in Korea, forallowing the transfer of this system and for his helpful advice.
Keywords: SNU-AMS; KOMAC-AMS; 3-MV Tandetron
References[1] J. C. Kim et al., Nucl. Instr. Meth. Phys. Res. B 172 (2020) 13-17.
[2] J.C. Kim & C.J. Bae, Radiocarbon 52 (2010) 483-492.

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The 8th East Asia Accelerator Mass Spectrometry Symposium

New facility and status report II
O-16

AMS for New drug development support at KRICP in KIRAMS
Jinho Song1, Stephen Dueker1,2, Changsu Yeo1, Soo hyeon Bae1, Jung Bae Park1, Jaehoon Shim1*
12

Korea institute of Radiological & Medical Sciences, Seoul 01812, Republic of Korea
Biocore, Seoul 08511, Republic of Korea*Corresponding author. E-mail: jshim@kirams.re.kr
There are at least 130 AMS instruments distributed around the globe, with only a few dedicated tobiomedical AMS. Biomedical AMS is used to support “tracer” studies where a “dose” enriched in 14 C isadministered to a test subject (or laboratory animal) and the appearance and disappearance of the 14C label

monitored over time. The most well-known application of these tracers is for low 14C mass balance Absorption

Distribution Metabolism and Elimination or ADME studies, which are performed to define the biological fate
and metabolism of the investigational drug. Other clinical applications include sub-therapeutic microdosing

and absolute bioavailability (i.v. microdose) investigations that take advantage of the very limited animal

testing required before human microdosing. The high sensitivity of AMS reduces the radioactive burden given
to test subjects, making 14C ADME studies more inclusive of all sub-populations (pediatrics, women, infirmed

subjects). Given the potential of AMS for drug development, the Korean Government invested into a drug
research center that has both AMS and Positron Emission Tomography as the core tools. These two radioactive

tracer platforms are being applied to facilitate clinical (and preclinical) development of new drug candidates.
This presentation will show the recent operational activity of the 0.5 MeV NEC AMS with gas accepting andgraphite ion sources set up at Korean Institute for Radiological and Medical Research (KIRAMS). Whilevalidation was completed this year, the instrument was installed in and displayed stable ion beam currents

since July 20th, 2018. Since its initial set-up, the instrument has analyzed biological samples and the paletteof standards consisting of graphite blanks, C3, C8, Oxalic acid II and secondary standards of Ox12 and Ox100

prepared at Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory. The results post validation are presented as mean

distribution plots with standard deviations. The instrument background 14C/12C ratio was less than 1e-15 and theverified dynamic range up to our currently highest standards of 101 Modern. The instrument post validation
has supported two animal mass balance studies, both have an HPLC component. In summary, the KIRAMSAMS instrument is qualified and performing measurements for drug development in Korea. Optimization of
the gas ion sources is the next stage in the AMS development. The facility is available to researchers from any
Country in collaborative or fee-for-service models.

Keywords: AMS; microdosing; 14C; drug development

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The 8th East Asia Accelerator Mass Spectrometry Symposium

New facility and status report III
O-17

Status of the MALT-AMS system and analysis of environmental nuclides
produced by the human nuclear activity
Hiroyuki Matsuzaki1*, Hironori Tokuyama1, Takeyasu Yamagata1, Yoko S. Tsuchiya1,
Haruka Kusuno1, Miwako Toya1, Marina Kawamoto1, Tomoki Tanii1,
Yasuto Miyake2, Kazuhiro Nakashoji3, Angel VII T. Bautista4
Micro Analysis Laboratory, Tandem accelerator, The University Museum, The Universiy of Tokyo 2-11-16
Yayoi, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 113-0032, Japan
2
RIKEN
3
Dream Incubator, inc.
4
Philippine Nuclear Research Institute1*Corresponding author. E-mail: hmatsu@um.u-tokyo.ac.jp
MALT (Micro Analysis Laboratory, Tandem accelerator, The University of Tokyo) is a micro analysis
laboratory using the ion beams generated by a tandem electrostatic accelerator. In the beam analysis techniques(Nuclear Reaction Analysis, Elastic Recoil Detection Analysis, Particle Induced X-ray Emission, etc), the seedof the ion beam is produced at the MC-SNICS negative ion source and accelerated to the proper energy by the
5UD Pelletron tandem accelerator made by NEC (National Electrostatics Corporation). Dedicated detection
chambers for each analysis method are equipped at the end of beam lines. Special equipment for AMS(Accelerator Mass Spectrometry) is also installed including sequential injection system, high resolution mass
analysis system, multi faraday cups, beam slits, and detectors. The maximum terminal voltage of the accelerator
is 5.0 MV which enables multi nuclides AMS system, i.e., 10Be, 14C, 26Al, 36Cl and 129I. Recently 236U AMS
system was also developed.
Among many applications of AMS, the environmental assessment related to human nuclear activities isessential. Several nuclides produced by the uranium-fission or neutron activation are important targets of
AMS such as 14C, 36Cl, 129I, and 236U. Initiating with nuclear weapon testing anthropogenic nuclides began to be
distributed in the earth environment and dynamically transferred by atmospheric and marine circulation stillin today. Following the weapon testing, spent nuclear reprocessing plants had started to release nuclides into
the environment. The historical aspect (time course variation of distribution) of nuclides diffusion is recorded
in natural archives such as coral and ice core. Even in the same archives, different nuclides show different timecourse profiles reflecting their production/transportation characteristics. Currently we are analyzing coraland ice core by the collaboration with Philippine Nuclear Research Institute. From these analyses, we have
gradually revealed the contrast of the isotope systems between of natural and of anthropogenic. We think thisfeature is the clearest definition of the “Anthropocene”.
The advantageous of AMS arises from the combination of negative ion source and tandem accelerator.
Recently many ideas not depending on the conventional technical construction. As such a technique, we focus
on the Laser Photo Detachment. We have made a test-bench beam line for the interaction between negative ionsand strong continuous laser.
Keywords: 129I; 36Cl; 236U; 14C; AMS; Laser Photo Detachment
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The 8th East Asia Accelerator Mass Spectrometry Symposium

New facility and status report III
O-18

Progress of Ultrasensitive Detection Techniques for the 6 MV multi-nuclide AMS Systemat the University of Tsukuba
Kimikazu Sasa1*, Tsutomu Takahashi1, Masumi Matsumura1, Yuta Ochiai1, Tetsuya Matsunaka1,2,
Aya Sakaguchi1, Hangtao Shen1,3, Keisuke Sueki1

Accelerator Mass Spectrometry Group, Tandem Accelerator Complex, University of Tsukuba, 1-1-1 Tennodai,
Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-8577, Japan
2
LLRL, Kanazawa University, Nomi 923-1224, Japan
3
College of Physics, Guangxi Normal University, Guilin 541004, China
1*Corresponding author. E-mail: ksasa@tac.tsukuba.ac.jp
The 6 MV Pelletron tandem accelerator was designed and constructed for multi-nuclide AMS at the
University of Tsukuba in 2016 [1]. It has two MC-SNICSs for the routine measurement. A five-electrode Δ
E−E gas ionization detector is installed on the end station of the rare-particle detection system. We havedeveloped ultrasensitive detection techniques for 10Be, 14C (graphite and CO2), 26Al, 36Cl, 41Ca, 90Sr and 129I in
isotopic-ratio ranges from 10 -9 to 10 -16. In the case of 36Cl AMS, we developed the sulfur removal method to
reduce 36S contamination. AgCl samples are pressed into an AgBr backing in a large Cu sample cathode (6mm diameter) in order to reduce 36S contamination [2]. 36Cl measurements are performed with a carbon foil
(4.8 micro g cm-2) and an 8+ charge state at 6.0 MV, with 36Cl8+ being injected into the detector at 54.0 MeV. 36Clbeam transmission is ~10%. The back ground of 36Cl AMS has been improved to 36Cl/Cl ~10 -16 as the resultof improved isobaric separation techniques. 41Ca and 90Sr were also detected by the 6 MV multi-nuclide AMS
system for the first time in Japan. Especially, the background of 41Ca AMS is reached to 41Ca/Ca ~3 × 10-15. The
ion source can extract CaF3- beam currents up to 500 nA from CaF2 materials. 41Ca5+ with a total energy of 32.5
MeV is clearly measured by the ionization detector [3]. For 90Sr-AMS, a 88SrF3- beam can be extracted about
500 nA from a SrF2 sample mixed with PbF2 powder in the Al cathode from the MC-SNICS. 90Zr8+ and 90Sr8+
can be separated in two-dimensional spectrum by the gas-ionization detector with the total beam energy of 51.7
MeV. 90Sr is detected in isotopic ratio ranges from 10−9 to 10−13. 90Sr AMS background is achieved 90Sr/Sr ~6 ×
10-13.
36
Cl and 129I were measured most frequently in order to investigate the radioactive contamination in rainwaterand soil samples, caused by the Fukushima Daiichi Nuclear Power Plant accident. 10Be and 36Cl were also
applied for the tracer of cosmic ray events and variations of solar activity. In this presentation, we will report on
the status and progress of AMS techniques with the 6 MV tandem accelerator after 3 years operation.
Keywords: Facility report; 6MV tandem; Multi-nuclide AMS
References[1] K. Sasa et al., Nucl. Instr. Meth. B 361 (2015) 124-128.
[2] S. Hosoya et al, Nucl. Instr. Meth. B 438 (2019) 131-135.
[3] K. Sasa et al., Nucl. Instr. Meth. B, 437 (2018) 98-102.

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New facility and status report III
O-19

Present status of JAEA-AMS-TONO in 2019
Natsuko Fujita1*, Akihiro Matsubara1, Masayasu Miyake2, Takahiro Watanabe1, Yoko Saito-Kokubu1,
Motohisa Kato2, Nobuaki Okabe2, Nobuhiro Isozaki2, Chika Ishizaka2, Tomohiro Nishio1,
Akimitsu Nishizawa2, Akiomi Shimada1, Nobuhisa Ogata1

1
2

Japan Atomic Energy Agency, Jorinji Izumi-cho, Toki, 509-5102, JapanPESCO Co., Ltd., Tokiguchi Minami-machi, Toki, 509-5123, Japan*Corresponding author. E-mail: fujita.natsuko@jaea.go.jp
JAEA-AMS-TONO has been in operation at the Tono Geoscience Center, Japan Atomic Energy Agency(JAEA) since 1998. It has applied to research into deep underground environments for R&D program related
to the geological disposal of High-Level Radioactive Waste (HLW), and has also been used by researchers
from universities and other institutes for studies of geoscience and environmental science under the commonuse facility program of JAEA.

The AMS system is a versatile system based on a 5 MV tandem Pelletron type accelerator (National

Electrostatics Corp., US). The system has been used for the routine measurement of carbon-14 (14 C),

beryllium-10 (10Be) and aluminium-26 (26Al). In order to improve the efficiency of graphitization, theautomated graphitization equipment (AGE 3, Ionplus, Switzerland) has been installed in 2017. In addition, theroutine measurement of iodine-129 (129I) has been started since fiscal year of 2019. Iodine isotope ratio (129I/127I)

is a useful for estimation of sources and ages of deep groundwater such as fossil salt water, which is one of
the indicators to assess geological disposal in coastal areas. The total measurement time and total number ofsamples exceeded 25,000 hours and 20,000, respectively.

Recently, the samples are increased for R&D program supporting development of technology for geologicaldisposal of HLW. Therefore, a new AMS system (4103Bo-AMS, High Voltage Engineering, Europa B.V.,
Netherlands) will be introduced in fiscal year of 2020.
Keywords: JAEA-AMS-TONO; 14C; 10Be; 26Al; 129I

26

The 8th East Asia Accelerator Mass Spectrometry Symposium

New facility and status report III
O-20

A status report on a Single Stage Accelerator Mass Spectrometry at the Atmosphereand Ocean Research Institute, The University of Tokyo
Yusuke Yokoyama1,2,3*, Takahiro Aze1, Yosuke Miyairi1, Chikako Sawada1, Yuka Ando1, Satomi Izawa1 andYoshiko Ueno1

1

2

3

Atmosphere and Ocean Research Institute, The University of Tokyo, 5-1-5 Kashiwanoha, Kashiwa, Chiba
277-8564, Japan

Department of Earth and Planetary Science, Graduate School of Science, The University of Tokyo, 7-3-1 Hongo,
Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 113-0033, Japan

Department of Biogeochemistry, Japan Agency for Marine-Earth Science and Technology, Natsushima 2-15,
Yokosuka, Kanagawa, 237-0061, Japan*Corresponding author. E-mail: yokoyama@aori.u-tokyo.ac.jp
The NEC 250kV single-stage AMS (YS-AMS) was installed in March 2013 at the Laboratory for

Accelerator Mass Spectrometry (LAMS), Atmosphere and Ocean Research Institute, The University of Tokyo.
It is the first single-stage AMS system installed in Japan. The system is equipped with a 40 solid sample ion
source (MC-SNICS-II), sequential injection system at low energy mass spectrometry side, open air 250kV

high energy deck including helium gas stripper which acts as a molecular dissociation, analyzing magnet,
electrostatic analyzer, sequential post-accelerator deflector, and final detector. Our routine 14C measurements

were started from August 2013, and have been keeping a high operational availability. During this period,
the cumulated accelerator operation time is over 45,000 hours. We have performed more than 500 runs andacquired data more than 10,000 samples. The YS-AMS system is used for wide ranges of fields including earthscience, paleoenvironmental science, marine science to fisheries science.
Keywords: Single Stage AMS

27

The 8th East Asia Accelerator Mass Spectrometry Symposium

New facility and status report III
O-21

Radiocarbon dating at The University of Tokyo
Minoru Yoneda, Hiromasa Ozaki, Takayuki Omori
Laboratory of Radiocarbon Dating, The University Museum, The University of Tokyo*Corresponding author. E-mail: myoneda@um.u-tokyo.ac.jp
The University of Tokyo established the Laboratory of Radiocarbon Dating as a university facility in 1970.
Since 1985, AMS is applied for measuring 14C in cooperation with MALT (Micro Analysis Laboratory, Tandem
accelerator). In February 2014, a compact-AMS with 0.5 MV tandem accelerator (National Electrostatics Corp.)
was installed at an exhibition hall in The University Museum. Since December 2014, our AMS system andpreparation laboratory is rendering measurement service for many projects in The University of Tokyo.
The preparation lab provides several applications specialized for radiocarbon dating. The sample screenings
using EA, FT-IR, and XRD are available for quality controls of bone, plant remains, and carbonates. Recently
we have established a new target preparation protocol using an original semi-automated purification system,
including an elemental analyzer (Vario ISOTOPE Select, Elementar Analyzersysteme GmbH) and a singleboard micro-controller (Auduino Mega, Arduino.cc). The automated system, which has high flexibility regardinga sample volume and reduction methods takes 18 minutes for CO2 purification typically. It made possible tomeasure about 1600 unknown samples in the last fiscal years.
Under the favor of this flexibility, we succeeded in the routine measurements of smaller samples up to 100
ugC, achieving a similar accuracy and precision of 1mgC regular target. In the case of micro samples lessthan 250 ugC, the target preparation requires specialized reaction vessels and reaction conditions, and the data
corrections employ the sample size matching with standard and background. The minimum amount of less than
100 ugC is still experimental, but the ultra-micro scales are acceptable up to 30 ugC so far.
Because our lab is running as a service lab for the university members, we have substantially involved in someprojects, not just for measurement. For example, the dating of human materials from prehistoric cemetery reveals
some aspects of sociological stratification in the Jomon (Neolithic) period of Japan in addition to the change indietary habits influenced by environmental fluctuations. Some more applications will be shown in this talk anddiscuss the direction of reasonable collaboration between AMS labs and researchers who interpret radiocarbon
data.
Keywords: Radiocarbon dating, archaeology; micro-scale analysis; geosciences

28

The 8th East Asia Accelerator Mass Spectrometry Symposium

New facility and status report III
O-22

Present status and application studies with HVE 14C AMS system at Nagoya University (2017/18/19)
Toshio Nakamura1*, Masayo Minami1, Hirotaka Oda1, Akiko Ikeda1, Masako Yamane1, Masami Nishida1,
Yuki Wakasugi1, Rina Sato2, Hitoshi Sawada3, Hiroyuki Kitagawa1

1
2
3

Institute for Space-Earth Environmental Research, Nagoya University, Nagoya 464-8601, Japan
Graduate School for Environmental Studies, Nagoya University, Nagoya 464-8601, Japan
School of Science, Nagoya University, Nagoya 464-8601, Japan*Corresponding author. E-mail: nakamura@nendai.nagoya-u.ac.jp
A Model 4130-AMS by High Voltage Engineering dedicated to 14C measurements was delivered to Nagoya

University in 1996/97. Acceptance tests of its performance were completed in 1999, and a routine operation
started in mid-2000. The number of targets measured was 330, 1430, 2077, 1003, 1,979, 1679, 1772, 1115,

1339, 866, 1300, 1701, 1449, 1634, 1351, 1741, 1156, 466, 900, 1345 and 622 in each year from 1999 to 2019,respectively, and total number of targets by the end of October 2019 is 27,254. We describe the maintenanceprocesses of the AMS system as well as application studies in 2017-2019.

Major problems in 2017-2019 are; (1) two big sparks damaged the solid state RF driver for the high voltage

generation. A RF-coil at the final part of the high-voltage power supply unit was broken; (2) a power supply

unit for loading electrical current to adjust accurately the current for the recombinator magnet was in trouble.
A resistor located at the end of the current supply circuit was burnt out; (3) a high-voltage spark damaged theelectrical board used to control high voltage; (4) during the usual measurement, 12C3+, 13C3+ and 14C3+ decreased

gradually in about 10 minutes. The current of 13C3+ decreased from 200nA to 5nA. We opened the accelerator

tank and discovered that a timing belt to drive the power generator for supplying electric power to a terminal
TMP was broken; (5) a high-voltage spark destroyed the IC-chip mounted on the control board of high voltage;(6) a Faraday cup in front of the ionization detector was in trouble. We checked the Faraday cup equipment

and found out that the cup was disconnected from the pneumatic cylinder for controlling the cup position; (7) acomputer system for controlling the AMS apparatus suspended sometimes, maybe by a heat problem of CPU;(8) a telemeter card in the ion source that controls the rotation of the wheel loaded with targets was in trouble.

A capacitor to stabilize DC+5V from the power circuit on the card was broken; (9) a light guiding pathway

in the ion source to monitor the target movement was disturbed by aluminum fragment dust. Owing to thisinterruption, correct exchange of the targets was impossible.

In application programs we dated many samples in cultural property, archeological, geological andcarbon-cycling research fields from Japan as well as overseas. Some application results are discussed in this
symposium.

Keywords: AMS; radiocarbon; high-voltage-spark; beam-transmission; ion-source-cleaning; terminal-TMP

29

The 8th East Asia Accelerator Mass Spectrometry Symposium

AMS development
O-23

Research on Miniaturized AMS Measurement of 129I
ZHAO Qing-zhang , HE-Ming*，PANG Yi-jun，GONG-Jie，BAO Yi-wen，YOU Qu-bo，
LI Kang-ning，SU Sheng-yong，HU Yue-ming

China Institute of Atomic Energy, P.O. Box 275(50), Beijing 102413，China*Corresponding author. E-mail: heminghhy@163.com, minghe@ciae.ac.cn
Based on the Heavy ion tandem AMS (HIT-AMS) with a terminal voltage of 0.35MV which independently

designed and constructed by China Institute of Atomic Energy, the 129I measurement method has been carriedout. The high efficiency, high precision and high sensitivity measurement method have been developedby systematic studies on ion transport, gas stripping, charge state selection, background elimination, etc.

At present, the transmission efficiency of better than 50%, the measurement accuracy of 0.4%, and themeasurement sensitivity of 129I/127I=1×10 -14 have been realized with the AMS system.
Keywords: 129I; Heavy ion tandem AMS; high efficiency; high accuracy

30

The 8th East Asia Accelerator Mass Spectrometry SymposiumTechnical development
O-24

Low Energy AMS for 10Be and 26Al at Tianjin University
Kejun Dong* , Sheng Xu, Yunchao Lang
Institute of Surface-Earth System Science, Tianjin University, Tianjin 300072, China*Corresponding author. E-mail: kejun.dong@tju.edu.cn
Beryllium-10 and Aluminum-26 have been widely used in many fields such as geological dating, galactic

chemical evolution and solar system formation etc. The Accelerator Mass Spectrometry (AMS) is currently

the ideal method for the measurement of 10Be and 26Al due to the longer half-life and lower naturally occurring
content in real samples. In general, the measurement of both species requires a larger AMS system to suppress

isobaric background interference of 10B and 26Mg. However, these analyses are very expensive due to the highcomplexity of AMS system. A smaller facility offers an economical cost due to its high efficiency and compact
design. A compact 14C low energy AMS system extended for 10Be and 26Al (XCAMS) was installed at Tianjin

University in October 2017. For 10Be AMS, the system was gradually smoothed and optimized based on aseries of standard, blank and real samples measurement in the past two years. For 26Al AMS, different batchesof measurements are carried out separately with different materials of aluminum compounds, MgO, Ag andNb, to study the Al- beam current and background interferences. Powder of Ag and Nb were added in different
mass ratios to aluminum compounds and MgO, respectively. The experimental strategy, program and initial
experimental results will be presented in this contribution.
Keywords: 10Be; 26Al; Low Energy AMS

31

The 8th East Asia Accelerator Mass Spectrometry Symposium

Heavy nuclides
O-25

Limits of sensitivity in Actinides AMS
M.A.C. Hotchkis1*, D.P. Child1, M. Froehlich2, D. Koll2, A. Wallner2,3, M. Williams4
ANSTO, Lucas Heights, NSW 2234, Australia
Department of Nuclear Physics, The Australian National University, ACT 2601, Australia
3Helmholtz-Zentrum Dresden-Rossendorf (HZDR), Helmholtz Institute for Resource Technology, 01328 Dresden, Germany
4
University of Wollongong, Wollongong, NSW 2500, Australia
1

2*Corresponding author. E-mail: mah@ansto.gov.au
The VEGA AMS system at ANSTO, based on a 1MV tandem accelerator, was custom-designed to achieve thehighest possible sensitivity for high mass isotopes [1]. It incorporates multiple medium-resolving power analysing
elements: one magnetic element for the injected negative ions, followed by magnetic, electrostatic and second
magnetic elements for positive ions after acceleration. This design, with mass and energy resolving powers in
the range 500 to 1000, separates isotopes and suppresses backgrounds that may originate from a variety ofion species. The gas stripper in the high-voltage terminal is key both to system efficiency and to backgroundsuppression. Helium gas stripping is used, providing around 40% ion yield to the most abundant charge state (3+).
The stripper pressure must be sufficient to break up all molecules while minimising the scattering angle of theions as they undergo charge-changing collisions. Our recent work [1] has demonstrated that the VEGA sputter ion
source (MC-SNICS) can achieve greater than 1% efficiency for production of plutonium oxide negative ions andso overall sensitivity at the level of a few hundred atoms in a sample is possible.
We are involved in a number of projects requiring high sensitivity and low backgrounds. Examples include(1) the detection of 244Pu of extraterrestrial origin in deep oceanic ferromanganese crusts [2,3]; (2) radioecologyof plutonium in the environment of former nuclear test sites [4,5]; (3) detection of nuclear signatures for nuclear
safeguards and forensics; (4) use of Pu in global fallout as a chrono-marker in environmental studies [6]; (5)measurement of platinum-group-element isotope ratios in meteorites; (6) evaluation of the radio-purity ofmaterials for use in dark matter searches.
Each of these projects presents their own particular challenges. In some cases, sensitivity is limited bybackground from scattered ions of species other than the one of interest. In other situations, cross-contamination
between samples, in the sample prep lab or ion source, limits sensitivity. Other projects or previous uses oflaboratories may leave residual contamination. For stable and very long-lived species, such as PGEs and major
uranium isotopes, the ubiquity of those species at low levels in almost all materials sets limits to sensitivity.
Keywords: Actinides, 244Pu; uranium; detection limits
References[1] M.A.C. Hotchkis et al., Nucl. Instr. Meth. B 438 (2019) 70 .
[2] A. Wallner et al., Nat. Commun. 6 (2015) 5956.
[3] A. Wallner et al., to be published.
[4] M.P. Johansen et al., J. Environ. Radioact. 151 (2016) 387.
[5] M.P. Johansen et al., Sci. Tot. Environ. 691 (2019) 572.
[6] E. Field et al., Quat. Geochronol. 43 (2018) 50.
32

The 8th East Asia Accelerator Mass Spectrometry SymposiumTechnical development
O-26

Cryogenic trapping of CO2 in the presence of other gases
Bin Yang*1, Roxana Kazemi2 and A.M. Smith1
1
2Australian Nuclear Science and Technology Organisation, Locked Bag 2001, Kirrawee DC, NSW 2232, Australia
UR Ice Core Lab University of Rochester 2020, USA*Corresponding author. E-mail: bin.yang@ansto.gov.au
The preparation of radiocarbon targets for accelerator mass spectrometry (AMS) begins with the production ofCO2 gas from the sample carbon. The preparation steps may be broadly grouped as combustion, water stripping(desorption) and hydrolysis. These steps can introduce considerable quantities of other gases into the apparatus.
For instance, at ANSTO we combust samples at 900℃ in sealed tubes using CuO as a source of oxygen. For

certain sample types considerable nitrogen can be evolved. Desorption of water involves the use of a carriergas, often argon or helium, from which the sample CO2 must be separated. We have observed that the cryogenic
separation of CO2 from these gas mixtures can take considerably longer than trapping an equivalent amount ofpure CO2. If sufficient time is not allowed for complete trapping of the CO2 there is the potential for isotopic

fractionation in the target.

We performed experiments to determine how the trapping time is affected by the gas composition and thedegree of fractionation when inadequate time is allowed for complete CO2 collection. These experiments were
undertaken on our Micro Conventional Furnaces (MCF) [1]. We mixed CO2 separately with H 2, He, CH4,

N2 and O2 at different concentrations. We then trapped the CO2 by freezing it into the MCF cold finger at-150℃, recording the change of pressure with time. In order to be trapped, the CO2 must diffuse through theapparatus to the cold finger. The presence of other gases hinders this process. We conclude that the trapping
time is proportional to the square root of the molecular reduced-mass multiplied by the molecular collisioncross-section of mixed gas. This result confirms that helium is the best choice of carrier gas to transfer CO2

since it has a small mass and molecular cross-section and so slows the trapping of CO2 the least. To study

fractionation, we compared the measured pMC for samples that were prepared by partial trapping of pure CO2

as well as CO2 from a gas mixture. This experiment revealed that, in each case, the degree of fractionation was
only determined by proportion of the CO2 that was trapped. However, as much longer times are required totrap the same proportion of CO2 in a gas mixture care must be taken to ensure sufficiently long trapping times

are used to guarantee complete trapping.

Keywords: Radiocarbon; CO2; gas mixtures; separation; fractionation
References[1]Bin Yang & A.M. Smith, Radiocarbon 59 (2017) 859–873.

33

The 8th East Asia Accelerator Mass Spectrometry Symposium

Heavy nuclides
O-27

The sample preparation and the ICP-MS and AMS measurement of uranium at MALT
Li Zheng, Hiroyuki Matsuzaki*, Miwako Toya, Takeyasu Yamagata, Hironori Tokuyama, Qiuyu Yang
MALT (Micro Analysis Laboratory, Tandem accelerator), The University Museum, The University of Tokyo,
Yayoi 2-11-16, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 113-0032, Japan*Corresponding author. E-mail: hmatsu@um.u-tokyo.ac.jp
The Micro Analysis Laboratory, Tandem accelerator (MALT) at The University of Tokyo is in process

to the measurement of uranium AMS. Presently, MALT has implemented a sample preparation using theco-precipitation method and 236U AMS with a gas ionization chamber detector. The Time-of-Flight (TOF)

detection system is under construction for the further improvement of sensitivity. This paper focuses on thedescription of sample preparation of uranium, the analysis of uranium concentration using ICP-MS, and themeasurement of 236U/238U atom ratio using AMS. Moreover, two design proposals of TOF system assembly at

MALT will be introduced.

Keywords: Uranium-236; Co-precipitation; Time-of-Flight; AMS; ICP-MS

34

The 8th East Asia Accelerator Mass Spectrometry Symposium

General AMS application

KeynoteO-28

Constraining the age of Aboriginal rock art using cosmogenic Be-10 and Al- 26 dating of rockshelter collapse in the Kimberley region, Australia
David Fink1, Gaël Cazes1,2, Reka Hajnalka Fülöp1,2, Alexandru T. Codilean2
1
2

Australian Nuclear Science and Technology Organisation (ANSTO), Menai 2234, Australia
School of Earth and Environmental Sciences, University of Wollongong, Wollongong NSW 2522, Australia*Corresponding author. E-mail: fink@ansto.gov.au
The Kimberley region, northwest Australia, possesses an extensive and diverse collection of aboriginalrock art that potentially dates to more than 40,000 years ago. However, dating of such art using conventional
techniques remains problematic. Here, we develop a new approach which makes use of the difference inproduction rates of in-situ 10Be and 26Al between intact rock walls and exposed surfaces of detached slabs

from rock art shelters to constrain the age of Aboriginal rock-art. In the prevailing sandstone lithology of theKimberley region, open cave-like rock shelters with cantilevered overhangs evolve by collapse of unstable,

partially rectangular, blocks weakened typically along joint-lines and fractures. On release, those slabs
which extend outside the rock face perimeter will experience a higher production rate of cosmogenic 10Be

and 26Al than the adjacent rock which remains intact within the shelter.The dating of these freshly exposedslabs can help reconstruct rock-shelter formation and provide either maximum or minimum ages for therock art within the shelter. The calculation of the timing of the event of slab release is strongly dependent
on the local production rate, the new shielding of the slab surface and the post-production that continues on

the ceiling sample at the matching point. The horizon, ceiling and slab shielding are estimated by modellingthe distribution of neutron and muon trajectories in the irregular shaped rock-shelter and slab using 3D

photogrammetric reconstruction from drone flights and a MATLAB code modified from G. Balco, 2014

to estimate attenuation distances and model the production rate at each sample. Five rock-art sites havebeen dated and results range from 9.8±1.9 ka to 180.8±22.3 ka. Within the context of regional landscapegeomorphology, these rock shelter formation ages give new insights into the contrasting modes of landscapeevolution in the Kimberley, and the importance of episodic escarpment retreat overprinted by passive basinwide denudation which from numerous previous measurements are as low as 1-5 mm/ka (i.e. averaging

timescales of ~400 kyr). A large number of similar sites in the region have been mapped and are potential
candidates for this new approach which can constrain the controversial relative chronology of the various.
Keywords: cosmogenic nuclides; rock art dating; Kimberely

35

The 8th East Asia Accelerator Mass Spectrometry Symposium

Carbon-14 age calibration and archaeological application

Invited

O-29

Expansion and demise of the Angkorian Khmer Empire
Quan Hua1*, Mitch Hendrickson2, Dan Penny3, Duncan Cook4, Tegan Hall3
1
2
3
4

Australian Nuclear Science and Technology Organisation, Lucas Heights, NSW 2234, Australia
Department of Anthropology, University of Illinois-Chicago, Chicago 60607, United States
School of Geosciences, University of Sydney, NSW 2006, Australia

National School of Arts, Australian Catholic University, Virginia, QLD 4014, Australia*Corresponding author. E-mail: qhx@ansto.gov.au
The Angkorian Khmer Empire was the most influential political entity in Southeast Asia, flourishing fromapproximately the 9th to the 15th centuries CE (traditionally 802-1431). During its zenith between the 11th and13th centuries, the Khmer Empire was expanded and covered most of the mainland Southeast Asia. Angkor, thecapital district of this medieval Khmer Empire, is known as the largest low-density pre-industrial city on earth

sustaining a population of up to 750,000 people. Despite its size, power and ostentatious wealth, 19th century

European visitors found most of the Angkor region utterly abandoned. This paper presents an overview on thecontribution of AMS radiocarbon dating to the study of expansion and demise of the medieval Khmer Empire,
which we have carried out.

Our research included extensive chronological study of the iron production site of Tonle Bak using charredwood fragments and botanical remains collected in trenches, which were excavated at multiple locations acrossthe site. Tonle Bak is situated south of the large Phnom Dek iron ore source in north-central Cambodia. Our
hypothesis is that Angkorʼs expansion is directly related to increased access over Phnom Dek. We also employed

sediments collected from Angkorian temple moats and water reservoirs, and their chronologies to explore
issues of occupation at the study sites. Such information together with hydrological information obtained from a

14

C-dated stalagmite in southern lowland Cambodia provided important insights into the decline of the ancient

Angkorian Empire.

Keywords: Radiocarbon; Angkor; Cambodia; archaeology; iron smelting

36

The 8th East Asia Accelerator Mass Spectrometry Symposium

General AMS application
O-30

Radiocarbon dating Ancient Loulan City
Bing Xu*, Zhao yan Gu
Institute of Geology and Geophysics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, No. 19, Beitucheng Western Road, Chaoyang
District, 100029, Beijing, China*Corresponding author. E-mail: bingx@mail.iggcas.ac.cn
The discovery of the ancient city of Loulan in Xinjiang, China, at the beginning of the twentieth century

was of great significance for understanding the evolution of culture and civilization in Inner Asia. However,

due to the lack of systematic chronological studies, the history of this ancient city remain unclear, particularly
the date of its construction and abandonment. Here, we present the results of the first systematic radiocarbon

dating carried out on artifacts from ancient Loulan. Our results show that human activity began as early as
350 cal B.C., flourished during the interval from the first to 4th century A.D., and completely disappeared

around 600 A.D. Most of the buildings in the city were constructed during the Eastern Han dynasty rather

than in Wei/Jin dynasty, as previously indicated by excavated documents and letters. The development
and flourishing of Loulan coincided with the interval of high ice accumulation and meltwater supply fromsurrounding mountains. The city began to decline and was finally abandoned following an abrupt decreasein ice accumulation and meltwater supply (Yao et al., 1996; Lauterbach et al., 2014), suggesting that natural

climate change was the major factor responsible for the abandonment of Loulan city.
Keywords: Loulan City; Radiocarbon dating; climate change

37

The 8th East Asia Accelerator Mass Spectrometry Symposium

Space and earth environmental science III

KeynoteO-31

A long time-scale record of East Asian monsoon rainfall from Chinese loess 10Be
Weijian Zhou1,2,3*, J. Warren Beck4*, Xianghui Kong2, Feng Xian1,2
1

2

3

4

State Key Laboratory of Loess and Quaternary Geology, Institute of Earth Environment, Chinese Academy of
Sciences, Xi'an 710061, China

Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Accelerator Mass Spectrometry Technology and Application, Xi'an AMS Center of
IEECAS and Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an 710061, China

Center for Excellence in Quaternary Science and Global Change, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Xi'an 710061,
China

Department of Geosciences, University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ 85721, USA*Corresponding author. E-mail: weijian@loess.llqg.ac.cn; wbeck@physics.arizona.edu
The East Asian monsoon is an essential element for the Asia-Pacific hydrological circulation system. Therefore,

great efforts have been made in the reconstruction of monsoonal paleorainfall by using different geologicalrecords to understand the East Asian monsoon development. However, the differences between these records have
led to debates on the mechanisms that drive the East Asian monsoon intensity. Taking aiming at this question, in
2007, we firstly quantitatively reconstructed an 80-ka paleorainfall record by using the cosmogenic 10Be flux andproposed that the Asian Monsoon was closely related with the summer solar insolation differential between the
Northern and Southern Hemispheres. Based on this work, in early 2019, we reworked in the field of Baoji loess-paleosol sequences, to quantitatively reconstruct a much longer time-scale record of paleorainfall from loess 10Be.
This paleorainfall record shows clear orbital precession frequencies, and meanwhile is highly correlated with

global ice-volume variations. The results further verify that the East Asian monsoon is governed by the summer

solar insolation differential between the Northern and Southern Hemispheres, which can also influence global ice
volume via monsoon dynamics. This view challenges the conventional Milankovitch theory to some extent.
Keywords: Asian monsoon; Loess 10Be; Paleorainfall

38

The 8th East Asia Accelerator Mass Spectrometry Symposium

Space and earth environmental science III
O-32

A high-resolution radiocarbon dating sand-loess sequence at Yulin, north-central China andEast Asian winter monsoon variations
Yao Gu1, Huayu Lu2*, Hongyan Zhang3*, Chenghong Liang4, Jiang Wu5
Laboratory of AMS Dating and the Environment, School of Geography and Ocean Science, Nanjing University,
Nanjing 210023, China*Corresponding author. E-mail: huayulu@nju.edu.cn
Eolian deposits in the sand-loess transition zone in Northern China are good terrestrial archives to investigate

past climate changes and eolian dust activities. However, lack of accurate and high-resolution chronologies

hindering our ability to interpret climate proxy. In this study, based on 44 radiocarbon ages and compared with
10 pairs of luminescence dating ages, we establish a millennial to multi-centennial resolution chronology ofloess-sand record at Yulin, north-central China in order to reconstruct East Asian winter monsoon variations. The

aeolian sand and dust accumulation rate is a direct proxy indicator of the East Asian winter monsoon intensity

and is controlled by both vegetation and wind strength. The increased sediment accumulation rate corresponded

to strengthened winter monsoon events. Based on the independent timescale, we find up to 13 winter monsoon
strengthened events over the past 14 ka, providing a millennial to multi-centennial record of East Asian monsoon

variations. These winter monsoon events are dominated by the cold events in high-latitude, presenting new
evidence that high-latitude forced the rapid winter monsoon change during Holocene.
Keywords: loess; radiocarbon dating; OSL; Asian monsoon

39

The 8th East Asia Accelerator Mass Spectrometry Symposium

Space and earth environmental science IIIO-33

Determining diurnal fossil fuel CO2 and biological CO2 by Δ14CO2 observation on certain summer
and winter days at Chinese background sites
Zhenchuan Niu1,2*, Weijian Zhou1,212State Key Laboratory of Loess and Quaternary Geology, Institute of Earth Environment, Chinese Academy of
Sciences, Xiʼan, China

CAS Center for Excellence in Quaternary Science and Global Change*Corresponding author. E-mail: niuzc@ieecas.cn
Diurnal atmospheric Δ14 CO 2 was measured on two consecutive days in summer and winter, 2016 at

Shangdianzi, Linʼan and Luhuitou regional background sites, and at Waliguan global background site in China.

The objectives of this study were to determine diurnal fossil fuel CO2 (CO2ff) and biological CO2 (CO2bio)

concentrations, and then to ascertain the factors influencing them. Evident CO2ff inputs (0 – 33.0±1.4 ppm) were
found, with some small morning and afternoon rush hour signals. Particularly, the trajectory transitions of longrange transport of air masses influenced CO2ff variations. Diurnal CO2bio showed violent variations (-20.9–113.3ppm), with high values at night and low or negative values during the daytime. Some negative CO2bio during

12:00−18:00 even resulted in atmospheric CO2 drawdown over background level. These results might help
to understand the roles of fossil fuel sources and biological sources on atmospheric CO2 diurnal variations at

Chinese background sites.

Keywords: CO2; biological and fossil fuel sources; 14C

40

The 8th East Asia Accelerator Mass Spectrometry Symposium

Space and earth environmental science III
O-34

Chemometric Analysis of 14C and Fourier Transform Infrared Spectra to improve the chronology ofLake Biwa sediment core
Hiroyuki Kitagawa1*, Wan Hong2, Akira Hayashida3, Keiji Takemura4
Institute for Space-Earth Environmental Research, Nagoya University, Nagoya 464-8601, Japan
Korea Institute of Geoscience & Mineral Resources (KIGAM), Daejeon 305-350, Republic of Korea
3
Department of Environmental Systems Science, Doshisha University, Kyotanabe 610-0394, Japan
4
Kyoto University, Kyoto 606-01, Japan
1

2*Corresponding author. E-mail: hiroyuki.kitagawa@nagoya-u.jp
Lacustrine sediment cores contain high-resolution records of past environmental changes. However, theinterpretation of the records has been often hampered by low dating resolution. High-resolution chronologies ofsediment cores are crucial for elucidating the timing of short-term climatic events in the past and for comparing
climatic changes at local, regional and global scales.
Sediment core chronologies covering the past 50 ka are mostly based on the radiocarbon dates of which are madeon terrestrial plant remains such as wood fragments, seeds and leaves. In most case, a proper number of terrestrial
plants are not often available. Investigators have hopeless dated bulk sediment samples and chemically separated
fractions such as the humic acid (alkali-soluble) and humin (alkali insoluble) fractions of bulk sediment. However
14
C dates of these samples have provided invaluable information which is not simply for chronology purposes.
Radiocarbon age of bulk sediment can be influenced by several factors, for example such as 1) reservoir effectof aquatic organic matters by dissolved carbon originating from 14C-dead calcareous rocks or decomposed organic
matters in sediments, and 2) incorporation of pre-aged organic matters from the drainage basin. In freshwaterlakes, the latter may cause more serious problem to obtain deposition age. Some investigators have adjusted
the radiocarbon ages of bulk sediments by comparison between the radiocarbon ages of bulk sediments andterrestrial plant remains collected from the same stratigraphic horizons and by the N/C ratio-based correction.
The combination of radiocarbon dates from terrestrial plant remains and bulk sediments successfully improved
the resolution of sediment core chronologies, but they were in limited cases. An alternative approach for adjusting
radiocarbon ages from bulk sediments to the deposition ages. Physical, chemical and even sediment propertiesof lake sediments have been investigated by means of the chemometric analysis of Fourier transform infrared(FTIR) spectra. The chemometric analyses such as principal component regression (PCR) and partial least squares
regression (PLSR) can be used to reveal masked information from the complicate FTIR spectra without the needfor a priori assignments. We have examined a FTIR spectra-based ajustments of radiocarbon age offset of bulk
sediments to quantify the contribution of aged organic matters on lake sediments which relate to radiocarbon age
offset of bulk sediments. This approach applied to a Lake Biwa sediment core which appropriate materials forradiocarbon dating was not generally available. We introduce the unique approach and discuss the effectiveness andlimitation about it.
Keywords: Age-depth model; TOC; FTIR; Chemometrics
41

42

Abstracts
Poster presentation

43

The 8th East Asia Accelerator Mass Spectrometry Symposium

New facility and status report 
P-01

A new compact radiocarbon AMS(MIni CArbon DAting System) recently installed at Nanjing University
Zhang Hongyan*，Gu Yao，Liang Chenghong，Lu Huayu
Laboratory of AMS Dating and the Environment, School of Geography and Ocean Science, Nanjing University,
Nanjing 210023, China*Corresponding author. E-mail: hongyan@nju.edu.cn
A compact Accelerator Mass Spectrometer system (MIni CArbon DAting System) accompanied by a Stable

Isotope Ratio Mass Spectrometer (MAT253 plus) has been installed at School of geography and ocean science,
Nanjing University in December, 2018. The NJU-MICADAS is equipped with a 200 kV tandem accelerator

employing helium stripping, which gives a transmission up to 47%, a cesium sputter ion source capable ofaccepting both solid and gas cathodes, and a state of the art gas ionization detector. Accuracy of radiocarbon
measurement and other related parameters of MICADAS were reported by Hans-Arno Synal in 2007 [1]. The

NJU-MICADAS has also reached or better than these parameters and has been tested and verified for acceptanceby peer experts on installation site. In this symposium, measurement of different samples and running status of
our AMS in the past year will be reported. Radiocarbon dating results of some previously dated samples fromother AMS laboratory or samples of generally known age will also be presented.
Keywords: Nanjing University; MICADAS; running status
References[1] H.A. Synal et al., Nucl. Instr. Meth. B 259 (2007) 7–13.

44

The 8th East Asia Accelerator Mass Spectrometry Symposium

New facility and status report 
P-02

Research and performance with YU-AMS system
Toru Moriya1*, Mirei Takeyama1, Hirohisa Sakurai2, Hiroko Miyahara3, Motonari Ohyama4,
Hisako Saitoh5, Yasushi Okada6, Fuyuki Tokanai1,2

Center for Accelerator Mass Spectrometry, Yamagata University, Yamagata 999-3101, Japan
Faculty of Science, Yamagata University, Yamagata 990-8560, Japan
3
Humanities and Sciences / Museum Careers, Musashino Art University, Tokyo 187-8505, Japan
4
Botanical Gardens, Tohoku University, Miyagi 980-0862, Japan
5
Department of Legal Medicine, Graduate School of Medicine, Chiba University, Chiba 260-8670, Japan
6
Wooden sculpture Cultural properties Conservation laboratory, Nagoya 465-0083, Japan
1

2*Corresponding author. E-mail: moriya@sci.kj.yamagata-u.ac.jp
In 2009, Yamagata University (YU) installed an AMS (YU-AMS) system in Kaminoyama Research Institute.

This AMS system is based on a 0.5 MV Pelletron accelerator (CAMS) developed by National Electrostatics

Corporation. The system consists of a multicathode negative ion source generated by cesium sputtering (MC-SNICS)
for converting the sample to negative carbon ions, a 45 electrostatic spherical analyzer (ESA), a 90 bending magnet
with a biased chamber for sequential injection, an acceleration tube (NEC 1.5SDH-1), a 90 analyzing magnet, offset
Faraday cups for measuring 12C and 13C beam currents, a 90 ESA, and a solid-state detector (SSD) for counting
the 14C beams. This AMS system is the first AMS system installed in a university in northern Japan (Tohoku–

Hokkaido region). In March 2014, a second automated graphitization line and a second ion source on the AMS
system were installed. The automated graphitization line consists of an elemental analyzer (EA, Vario MICRO
cube, Elementar), stable isotope ratio mass spectrometer (IRMS, Isoprime), and a glass vacuum line. The

automated graphitization line can be used to treat more than 2,400 samples per year. The EA in the automatedsystem is a useful tool for combusting and producing CO2 gas from samples. However, this method is not

appropriate for shell and coral samples, because the EA combusts not only calcium carbonate (CaCO3) but any
organic carbon incorporated in the sample. Thus, a phosphoric acid treatment system was installed in the glass

vacuum line for shell and coral sample treatments. In 2018, approximately 3,000 samples are measured using the
YU-AMS system. The most commonly measured samples were wood. The second and third most commonlymeasured samples were charcoal and soil, respectively, which were mainly extracted from historical remains. In
this conference, we report the status of the YU-AMS system.

Keywords: YU-AMS; Automated graphitization line; radiocarbon dating

45

The 8th East Asia Accelerator Mass Spectrometry Symposium

New facility and status report 
P-03

Status report of the compact AMS facility at GIG, CAS
Sanyuan Zhu1*, Zhineng Cheng1, Ping Ding2, Ning Wang2, Yanmin Sun1, Gan Zhang1, Chengde Shen2
12State Key Laboratory of Organic Geochemistry, Guangzhou Institute of Geochemistry, Chinese Academy of
Sciences, Guangzhou, 510640, China

State Key Laboratory of Isotopic Geochemistry, Guangzhou Institute of Geochemistry, Chinese Academy of
Sciences; Guangzhou, 510640, China*Corresponding author. E-mail: zhusy@gig.ac.cn
The NEC 0.5 MV compact accelerator mass spectrometer was installed in April, 2014 at Guangzhou Instituteof Geochemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences. Routine 14C measurement was performed since September,2015. Up to now, more than 5000 samples include standard and background samples have been measured in our
AMS system. Here we present the performance of GIG-CAMS. 100-150 μ A beam current can be extracted fromion source and kept about 45 minutes with the sample size of 0.8-1 mg graphite. 80-110 μ A 12C-, 25-35 μ A 12C+
and 300-400 nA 13C+ can be regularly obtained. More than 600,000 14C counts can be detected from an regularsize OXII graphite sample (1 mg) with 12-16 runs. The background of processed graphite sample are about 1.3
pMC for 10 μg graphite and 0.16 pMC for 1 mg graphite, respectively. The uncertainty of routine measurement isbetter than 0.5% for modern samples.
Keywords: AMS; radiocarbon

46

The 8th East Asia Accelerator Mass Spectrometry Symposium

New facility and status report 
P-04

MALT Accelerator Report 2019
H. Tokuyama*, H. Matsuzaki, Y. Tsuchiya, H. Kusuno, M. Toya, T. Yamagata, M. Kawamoto, L. Zhen, Y. Qi,
L. Wang, T. Tani, Q. Yang, Y. Miyata, N. Miyauchi, A. Horiuchi, K. Yoshida

Micro Analysis Laboratory, Tandem accelerator, the University of Tokyo, Bunkyo-ku 113-0032, JAPAN*Corresponding author. E-mail: htoku@um.u-tokyo.ac.jp
MALT (Micro Analysis Laboratory, Tandem accelerator, the University of Tokyo), currently belonging to the

University Museum, has been in operation as a research and educational facility with a tandem accelerator since
1994. The accelerator of MALT is a 5UD Pelletron tandem van de Graaf (produced by National Electrostatics

Corporation, USA) and max terminal voltage is 5MV. In addition to AMS, NRA (Nuclear Reaction Analysis),

ERDA (Elastic Recoiled Detection Analysis) and PIXE (Particle induced X-ray Emissions) systems are alsoavailable, and about two third of the total accelerator operating time is usually spent for AMS measurement. The
number of ongoing research projects is around 30, and over 20 projects of them are using AMS system.

Although we have had many small troubles due to the deterioration of apparatus, the annual operating time

has been maintained around 5,000 hours since 2003. Also recently, not only small troubles but some serious

ones have occurred frequently. In 2018 alone, critical malfunctions occurred in a circulating water chiller system
and a power supply for analyzing magnet, and moreover a compressor of insulation gas recovery unit broke into

pieces owing to the overuse and the defect of maintenance. After that, in this July, power supplies of electrostatic
quadrupole lens inside the accelerator tank were broken down. Because we couldnʼt open the tank and repair

them, we modified the beam line under the tank to install extra magnetic quadrupole lens.

In fiscal 2019, from April to October, the accelerator operating time has reached almost 3,600 hours. Goingon at this rate, the annual time will reach to over 6,000 hours for this year. However, troubles around accelerator
are gradually increasing and the compressor has not been repaired yet. In order to maintain and improve theperformance and availability of MALT, it will get more and more important to secure a sufficient budget andspare apparatus to repair a defective part immediately, and to renew old apparatus before it gets out of order.
Keywords: Tandem accelerator; Pelletron

47

The 8th East Asia Accelerator Mass Spectrometry Symposium

New facility and status report 
P-05

A New Accelerator Mass Spectrometry Facility in Qingdao National Laboratory for Marine Scienceand Technology, China
Xuchen Wang1,2, Shuwen Sun1, Yuejun Xue1, Hongying Song1
1

2

Center for Isotope Geochemistry and Geochronology, Qingdao National Laboratory for Marine Science andTechnology, Qingdao, China

Key Laboratory of Marine Chemistry Theory and Technology, Ministry of Education, Ocean University of
China, Qingdao, China*Corresponding author. E-mail: xcwang@qnlm.ac
A new accelerator mass spectrometry (AMS) facility has been established in the Center for Isotope

Geochemistry and Geochronology at Qingdao National Laboratory for Marine Science and Technology (QNLM)

in Qingdao, China. The AMS system is a 0.5 MV Model 1.5SDH-1 pelletron accelerator, manufactured by the
National Electrostatics Corporation (NEC) in USA. The AMS system was installed and passed the acceptancetests in November 2018. It has the capability for high precision measurements of 14C, 26Al and 10Be. The AMS

facility is also supported by a laboratory of stable isotope ratio mass spectrometer (IRMS) and a modern
sample preparation laboratory with an automated graphitization system of AGE3, manufactured by Ionplus
of Switzerland. The Center for Isotope Geochemistry and Geochronology at QNLM, with additional major

instruments such as TIMS and MC-ICP-MS, is the first such integrated facility in China and is dedicated toprovide quality services for isotope and radiocarbon dating measurements for marine science and environmental
studies in the years to come.

Keywords: AMS facility; Isotope; Geochronology; National Laboratory

48

The 8th East Asia Accelerator Mass Spectrometry Symposium

New facility and status report 
P-06

Status of the QNLM-AMS facility and the process blankassessment of small sized samples for 14C analysis
Shuwen Sun1*, Liping Xu1, Yuejun Xue1, Hongying Song1, Xuchen Wang1,2
1

2

Center for Isotope Geochemistry and Geochronology, Pilot National Laboratory for Marine Science andTechnology (Qingdao), Qingdao, 266000, China

College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Ocean University of China, Qingdao, 266000, China*Corresponding author. E-mail: swsun@qnlm.ac
The QNLM-AMS facility is based on the National Electrostatics Corporation 500 kV 1.5SDH-1 Compact

Accelerator Mass Spectrometer for 14C, 10Be, and 26Al (NEC XCAMS). The QNLM-AMS facility is additionallyequipped with an Automated Graphitization Equipment (AGE3) coupled with an Elemental Analyzer (EA) and a
Carbonate Handling System (CHS2), which simplify the graphitization protocol for 14C measurement.

At the initial operation stage, the QNLM-AMS provides a precision of 0.83% for 10Be measurement performed

with three BeO samples with a known 10Be/9Be ratio of 2.5×10 -12, and a background value of 4.2×10 -15 withthree dead BeO samples. For 26Al analysis, a precision of 0.13% has been achieved with four Al2O3 samples witha known ratio of 5.0×10-11. A background value of 1.4×10-14 has been obtained with four dead Al2O3 samples.

Up to now, the QNLM-AMS mainly runs for 14C analysis. The precision of 14C/12C for the Oxalic Acid II (OXII)

is better than 0.3%, and the background 14C/12C ratios of coal and carbonate (IAEA-C1) standard are less than

3×10 -15 and 2×10 -15, respectively. With regard to the pre-treatment of samples for 14C measurement, different

preparation protocols have been investigated and the procedural blanks have been assessed. Here, we present our
initial results of process blanks during preparation of different samples types.
Keywords: new facility; blank assessment

49

The 8th East Asia Accelerator Mass Spectrometry Symposium

New facility and status report 
P-07

Current status of the compact-AMS system at Paleo Labo Co., Ltd.
Shigeru Itoh1*, Masanori Sato1, Masasi Hirota1, Zaur Lomtatidze2, Hideki Yamagata2, Kentaro Nakamura2
1
2

AMS Dating Facility, Paleo Labo Co., Ltd.
Tokai Branch, Paleo Labo Co., Ltd.

*Corresponding author. E-mail: itoh@paleolabo.jp
Paleo Labo Co. Ltd., a private company in Japan installed a compact 14C-AMS system in November 2004.

The system was designated as CAMS-500 (NEC, U.S.A.) and is based on a 500 kV Pelletron accelerator. It
was designed very compact so that the beam tuning components are simple with only one Einzel lens, threesteerers, one ESA (electrostatic analyzer) and two analyzing magnets. In order to estimate every measurement,

we simultaneously measure the standard samples of IAEA C1 and C7. The results of standard samples measured

during this one year. Average and standard deviation (1 sigma) of pMC value of each standard sample were 0.153±0.045 pMC (consensus value: 0.00±0.02 pMC), 49.53±0.21 pMC (consensus value: 49.54±0.13 pMC). These

results also show very stable and high precision measurements. Since its installation, a total of 47,907 samples(35,398 unknown samples and 12,509 standard and test samples) have been measured until the end of September
2019. We report the current status of our AMS system.
Keywords: 14C-AMS; Compact AMS

50

The 8th East Asia Accelerator Mass Spectrometry Symposium

New facility and status report 
P-08

Performance of a newly installed MICADAS at the Ocean University of China
Zicheng Wang2, Hailong Zhang1,2, Xiaoyan Ning2, Xiaomei Xu3, Hongchun Li4, Meixun Zhao1,2*
1

2
3

4

Key Laboratory of Marine Chemistry Theory and Technology, Ministry of Education/Ocean University of
China radioCarbon Accelerator Mass Spectrometry Center (OUC-CAMS), Qingdao, 266100, China

Institute for Advanced Ocean Study, Ocean University of China, Qingdao, 266100, China

Keck Carbon Cycle AMS Laboratory, Department of Earth System Science, University of California, Irvine,
California 92697-3100, USA

Department of Geosciences, Taiwan University, Taipei 10617, China*Corresponding author. E-mail: maxzhao@ouc.edu.cn
An automatic graphitization system (AGE 3) and gas ion source interface (GIS) with a compact mini carbon

dating system (MICADAS) dedicated to measuring 14C content in small samples were installed at the Ocean

University of China in May of 2019. Using the AGE 3, we have made a total of more than 300 targets from OXII

standards, backgrounds, known-age samples and peat plants during the past few months. The mean Fm value of
OXII measurements on 1 mg size of carbon is 1.3407±0.0031 (n = 45). The average Fm value of 14C-free phthalicanhydride (PhA) is 0.0020±0.0016 (n = 38) which yields a total background including combustion, graphitizationand machine value equivalent to at least 50000 14C yr BP. Measurements of IAEA reference materials withvarious 14C contents showed good agreements with the consensus values. Performance of the gas ion source

coupled with the GIS was tested with two CO2 introduction units: the elemental analyzer and the breakseal
cracker. Those tests show that 10~100 μgC of CO2 can produce a 12C (low energy) ion beam on the order of

10~15 μ A during counting time ranging from 4 to 15 minutes. The precision of the gas measurements on modern
samples of about 100 μgC is around 8‰, and the blank is older than 40000 14C yr BP.
Keywords: Radiocarbon; Gas ion source; Graphite

51

The 8th East Asia Accelerator Mass Spectrometry Symposium

New facility and status report 
P-09

OUC-CAMS：An introduction of the MICADAS installed at the Ocean University of China
Hailong Zhang1,2, Xiaoyan Ning2, Zicheng Wang2, Xiaomei Xu3, Hongchun Li4, Meixun Zhao1,2*
1

2
3

4

Key Laboratory of Marine Chemistry Theory and Technology, Ministry of Education/Ocean University of
China radioCarbon Accelerator Mass Spectrometry Center (OUC-CAMS), Qingdao, 266100, China

Institute for Advanced Ocean Study, Ocean University of China, Qingdao, 266100, China

Keck Carbon Cycle AMS Laboratory, Department of Earth System Science, University of California, Irvine,
California 92697-3100, USA

Department of Geosciences, Taiwan University, Taipei 10617, China*Corresponding author. E-mail: maxzhao@ouc.edu.cn
A compact mini carbon dating system (MICADAS) dedicated to measuring the 14C content in small samples

was installed at the Ocean University of China in May of 2019. The installation also included an automatedgraphitization equipment (AGE), a gas ion source interface system (GIS) and a carbonate handling system (CHS

2). The MICADAS operates at around 200 kV with carbon ion stripping in helium leading to a transmission
efficiency of about 47%. The hybrid ion source works with both graphite target and CO2 gas. The versatile gasinterface system (GIS) ensures steady gas transfer from two different inlets: a cracker for CO2 in glass ampoules
and an elemental analyzer for combusting organic matter to CO2. High-precision δ13C results are conveniently
obtained by an IRMS through a split of CO2 from the GIS. The MICADAS coupled with the GIS could measure
CO2 gas from ~10 to 100 μgC and measure graphite targets from 0.5 to 1 mgC produced by the AGE. The 12C-HE

beam current of a regular OXII target is above 35 μ A under Cs temperature of 150℃, with 14C counts >500,000

during 25 minutes measurement. The capability of running ultra-small CO2 gas samples by MICADAS opens up

the door to various applications of compound specific radiocarbon analysis (CSRA).
Keywords: Radiocarbon; Gas ion source; Graphite; Carbonates

52

The 8th East Asia Accelerator Mass Spectrometry Symposium

New facility and status report 
P-10

AMS program in Tianjin University
Yunchao Lang*, Lifeng Cui, Kejun Dong, Maoliang Zhang, Jun Zhong, Sheng Xu
Institute of Surface-Earth System Science (ISESS), Tianjin University,
92 Weijin Road, Tianjin 300072, China*Corresponding author. E-mail: yunchao.lang@tju.edu.cn
A 0.5MV tandem accelerator mass spectrometry (AMS) system for 10Be, 14C and 26Al, which was manufactured

by National Electrostatics Corp. (NEC), has been installed in October 2017 at ISESS of Tianjin University, China(TJU-AMS). Its design follows that of previously commissioned NEC compact 14C-only AMS systems. The

difference from that design is an extension of the rare-isotope section with a 45 magnet and a two-anode gas-

ionisation detector, to provide additional filtering for 10Be. Such rare-isotope beamline extension has not affected
precision of 14C measurement.

10

Based on the repeated measurements of a series of standard and blank samples, the precisions for 14C/12C,

Be/9Be and 26Al/27Al can generally reach 0.3%, 3% and 3%, respectively. The detection limit of the system has

been achieved to be 4×10-16 for 14C/12C, 2×10-15 for 10Be/9Be and 6×10-15 for 26Al/27Al. In addition, the precision of

the 13C/12C ratio can be routinely <0.3% in the conditions of wide range of the 12C- beam currents. This advantage

allows us to use the on-line AMS-measured 13C/12C for correction of carbon isotope fractionation.

The TJU-AMS system has opened new research fields in Tianjin University. For example, 14C has been widelyused as a powerful dating method and tracer/proxy for studies in archaeology, Earth science and environmental
science; In-situ 10Be and 26Al have been applied to date the exposure age and burial age, and to quantify theerosion rates in different spatial scales; (3) meteoric 10Be has been combined with in-situ 10Be for studies of thecatchment erosion.

In this presentation, a detailed description of configuration and routine performance conditions of the TJU-AMS system will be given. Some case applications of cosmogenic radionuclides will be also reported.
Keywords: AMS; 14C; 10Be; 26Al; Tianjin University
References[1] R. Carbon et al., Nucl. Instr. Meth. Phys. Res. B 361 (2020) 324-328.

53

The 8th East Asia Accelerator Mass Spectrometry Symposium

New facility and status report 
P-11

A new capability for 41Ca analysis using CaF3- at the Xiʼan-AMS
Fu Yun-Chong1,2*, Zhou Wei-Jian1,2, Cheng Peng 1,2, Zhang Lu-yuan1,212State Key Laboratory of Loess and Quaternary Geology, Institute of Earth Environment, Chinese Academy of
Sciences, Xi'an 710075, China

Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Accelerator Mass Spectrometry Technology and Application, Xi'an AMS Center,
Xi'an 710061, China*Corresponding author. E-mail: fuyc@ieecas.cn
The analysis of 41Ca can be quantified by measuring the ratio 41Ca/ 40Ca, where Ca is the total calcium. At

present, ratios of 41Ca/ 40Ca ≤ 10-11 can only be measured by accelerator mass spectrometry (AMS). The sensitivity

is mainly limited by the interference of the isobar 41K. With compact AMS (≤1 MV), abundance sensitivitiesof 10-11 to 10-12 have been demonstrated, but this may necessitate the measurement of 39K to correct for the 41K
background. With a 3 MV AMS, the dE/dx method can still be used to partially separate 41Ca from 41K. In thiswork, a new capability for 41Ca analysis has been tested at the Xiʼan-AMS. Ca4+ was chosen to achieve a balanced

performance between 41Ca/ 41K separation and transmission efficiency. A 41Ca/ 40Ca background level of near 10-13

was achieved without the need for 41K correction. This new analytical capability at our facility was then applied

to 41Ca tracer samples from our studies on the “White Jade” land snail shells, in which 41Ca was used as a tracer

for studying the absorption rate of calcium.

Keywords: 41 Ca; Xi’an-AMS; Calcium absorption rate

54

The 8th East Asia Accelerator Mass Spectrometry SymposiumTechnical development
P-12

A Study of Surface Stripper for the AMS System with a Footprint below 2 m × 2 m
Akihiro Matsubara*, Natsuko Fujita, Kenji Kimura
Tono Geoscience Center, Japan Atomic Energy Agency, Jorinji Izumi-cho, Toki 509-5102, Japan.
*Corresponding author. E-mail: matsubara.akihiro@jaea.go.jp
State of the art technology for downsizing AMS systems has reached a stage in the development of 14C-AMS

systems with a footprint below 2 m × 2 m (the energy range around 45 keV without an accelerator) [1]. In sucha small system, higher background would be a major problem, which is mainly due to poor vacuum conditions
originated from a gas stripper used to destroy interference molecules such as 12CH2, 13CH. As the system isgetting more compact, the position of the gas stripper becomes closer to a magnetic filter, reducing space for

installing an adequate pump to maintain better vacuum inside the magnetic filter. The residual gas atoms inside
the magnetic filter act targets for collisions, which would be a source of the background.

Based on ion–surface interactions, a novel stripper technique, which would be termed “surface stripper”, wasproposed as a gas free stripper by Matsubara et al. [2]. Under grazing angle incidence of ions on a single crystal
surface, the ions are specularly reflected by a repulsive planer potential of the first atomic plane. During thereflection, the ions interact with surface electrons, which may result in charge transfer and dissociation of thoseinterference molecules. In addition, the specular reflection not only ensures suppression of beam loss caused bylarge angle scattering, but also is of advantage to avoid damage to the crystal surface.

As a preliminary step of a feasibility study on this novel stripper technique, a numerical study has been started

with the aim to reveal the charge transfer and dissociation efficiencies of the technique. The trajectory of 14C

specularly reflected from a crystal surface was calculated. In this calculation, we employed the crystal surfaceof SnTe(001) that has been commonly used in the study of ion–surface interactions. It was found that in the caseof incident energy of 45 keV and incident angle of 1.5 with respect to the surface, the electron density integrated
along the trajectory can be equivalent to that in the He-gas stripper of 0.4 μg/cm2 that is sufficient for destroying

interference molecules. This suggests that the present technique can provide sufficient molecular suppression
comparable to the gas stripper.

Keywords: Downsized AMS (DAMS); Gas-Free; Surface Stripper
References[1] H.-A. Synal, et al., Nucl. Instr. Meth. Phys. Res. B 294 (2013) 349-352.
[2] A. Matsubara, et al., Nucl. Instr. Meth. Phys. Res. B 437 (2018) 81-86.

55

The 8th East Asia Accelerator Mass Spectrometry SymposiumTechnical development
P-13

Ion Source development at the compact AMS at PKU
X. F. Ding1, D. P. Fu1, L. P. Zhou2, K. X. Liu1*
12State Key Laboratory of Nuclear Physics and Technology & Institute of Heavy Ion Physics, School of Physics,
Peking University, Beijing 100871, China

Laboratory for Earth Surface Processes, Department of Geography, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China*Corresponding author. E-mail: kxliu@pku.edu.cn
The National Electrostatics (NEC) 40-sample MC-SNICS ion source at the PKUAMS laboratory was put into

operation in September 2004. Following the idea of John Southon at UCI and with the help of NEC, we changed
the original conical ionizers to spherical ionizers in 2008, which improve the focusing of Cs beam obviously.

Recently, based on the beam optics, we have further replaced the extractor and pre-acceleration assemblies. In

this presentation, we introduce the new structure with modified ion source and the improved performance of the

14

C measurements.

Keywords: Ion source; extractor; Spherical ionizer

56

The 8th East Asia Accelerator Mass Spectrometry SymposiumTechnical development
P-14

A performance report of the automatic pressing machine developed at the Atmosphere andOcean Research Institute, The University of Tokyo
Chikako Sawada*, Yusuke Yokoyama, Yosuke Miyairi, Takahiro Aze
The Atmosphere and Ocean Reserach Institute, The University of Tokyo, Chiba 277-8564, Japan*Corresponding author. E-mail: c.sawada@aori.u-tokyo.ac.jp
A single-stage AMS (SSAMS) is equipped with open air 250 kV high energy deck without high voltage parts

with pellet-chain and accelerator tank. Thus the SSAMS can be operated in much more stable fashion compared

to larger machine. Improvement of the stability for ion beam generated at the ion source is therefore able tocontribute improvement of radiocarbon measurements in particular achieving uniform conditions of target
graphite at the ion source[1]. The issues were raised since graphites were pressed manually and placed into the
MC-SNICS. However fluctuations have been observed during the various measurements. Hence an automatedsample graphite pressing system was developed at Atmosphere and Ocean Research Institute, The University ofTokyo in 2017. In this presentation, we will report the details of the system as well as the results obtained fromSSAMS for those samples prepared by new apparatus.

Keywords: single-stage AMS; Radiocarbon dating; Automatic pressing
References[1] Yokoyama et al., Nucl. Inst. Meth. Phys. Res. B 455 (2019) 311-136.

57

The 8th East Asia Accelerator Mass Spectrometry SymposiumTechnical development
P-15

Development of an automated system for conventional ABA treatment
Kilho Sung1, Wan Hong1, Giseok Sung2, Yongjin Park1, Junghun Park1, Gyujun Park1
1

2

Korea Institute of Geoscience and Mineral Resources (KIGAM), 124 Gwahak-ro, Yuseong-gu, Daejeon,
Republic of Korea

Carbon Analysis Lab (CAL), 25 Taejeon-ro 114beon-gil, Dong-gu, Daejeon, Republic of Korea*Corresponding author. E-mail: sungkh85@gmail.com
KIGAM AMS laboratory developed an automated chemical treatment system named “Aba Chembot” for aconventional ABA(acid-base-acid) method for woods and charcoals which are the most frequently requested

samples for radiocarbon age dating. The purpose of developing the Aba Chembot is as follows. First of all,the ABA treatment usually takes between 300 and 360 min to process 12 samples. And we have measured

over 32,000 samples for a past decade, and 25% of them were treated by ABA treatment. It attempts to reduce
processing time through the Aba Chembot to increase the number of samples that can be processed per day.
Secondly, it is to eliminate the error of the experiment caused by human error because it is difficult to perform
experiments accurately and consistently.

The Aba Chembot processes 12 samples at a time and consists of five parts: acid, base solutions and distilledwater supplying units, a drainage system for solutions, heating system, a stirrer for shaking during reaction and asystem control unit. This system is connected to a computer and operated through program developed by our lab.
The samples is treated by acid solution at 80℃ for 30 minutes and rinsed by distilled water three times and thesame process conducted by base solution and acid solution again. The whole process is operated automaticallyand it takes only 120 minutes, so the 36 samples can be treated in a day. The wood background material samples
treated by Aba Chembot and the average 14C/12C ratios of 48 samples marked 1.8×10-15.
Keywords: automated system; radiocarbon; ABA treatment

58

The 8th East Asia Accelerator Mass Spectrometry SymposiumTechnical development
P-16

New procedure of CO2 extraction for radiocarbon analysis of DIC in water samples
at Nagoya University and Geological Survey of Japan
Hiroshi A. Takahashi1*, Hiroko Handa1, Masayo Minami2, Rina Sato3, Toshio Nakamura2
1
2
3

Geological Survey of Japan, AIST, Tsukuba 305-8567, Japan

Institute for Space–Earth Environmental Research, Nagoya University, Nagoya 464-8601, Japan
Graduate School of Environmental Studies, Nagoya University, Nagoya 464-8601, Japan*Corresponding author. E-mail: h.a.takahashi@aist.go.jp
For radiocarbon analysis of DIC in water samples, carbon extraction is required. A bubbling procedure known

as the WOCE (World Ocean Circulation Experiment) method is the most widely used for water preparation, but
it is difficult to be adapted to various water samples, such as groundwater and hot-spring water. Therefore, we

employed other procedures, that is, carbonate precipitation (Nagoya Univ.) and headspace gas purge (Geological

Survey of Japan). The reasonable 14C results have been obtained using these procedures, while they have many

minor problems. Hence, we established new procedure of CO2 extraction from water at both laboratories, and wewill present it on the EA-AMS symposium.

New procedure was basically improved from the headspace gas purge method that had been employed at the

Geological Survey of Japan. The problematic points for the headspace gas purge method are as follows: (1) alarge amount of water enters in vacuum system, (2) helium carrier gas is needed, and (3) water amount extracted

at once is less than 50 mL owing to limitation of vial size (100 mL). To solve these problems, glass vial waschanged to flask (100-500 mL) attached by septum joint with ultra-torr fitting. CO2 extracted from water samples

to headspace of flask was introduced without using the carrier gas by expanding to vacuum line from extraction

flask due to pressure gradient. We obtained the high CO2 yield to be ca. 97-98% at the both laboratories. The

background of carbon contamination was negligible. Time required for CO2 extraction has been shortened to 30
minutes for one water sample by the new procedure. Because this procedure can suppress the water intrusion to
the vacuum system, the evacuation between treatments became shorter.
Keywords: Radiocarbon; DIC; CO2 extraction; new procedure

59

The 8th East Asia Accelerator Mass Spectrometry Symposium

Space and earth environmental science
P-17

Halogen isotopes analysis in Greenland SE dome ice core
Miwako Toya1, Hiroyuki Matsuzaki1*, Kazuho Horiuchi2, Yoshinori Iizuka3,Angle VII.T. Bautista4, Lezhi Wang1, Wei Xiao1
Micro Analysis Laboratory, Tandem accelerator, University Museum, University of Tokyo, Tokyo 113-0033, Japan
Faculy of Science and Technology, Hirosaki University, Hirosaki 036-8560, Japan
3
Institute of Low Temperature Science, Hokkaido University, Sapporo 060-0819, Japan
4
Department of Science and Technology, Philippine Nuclear Research Institute, 1101, Quezon City, Philippines
1

2*Corresponding author. E-mail: hmatsu@um.u-tokyo.ac.jp
Cl (Half life: 3.01×105 yr) is long lived radio isotope which is produced by the neutron activation of 35Cl.
In 1950ʼs and 1960ʼs, vast amount of 36Cl was produced due to a number of atmospheric nuclear bomb testing.
In contrast to 129I (Half life: 1.57×107 yr) , 36Cl is merely released from spent fuel reprocessing plant. The timecourse profile of 36Cl recorded in ice core will be totally different from 129I. The objective of this study is toclarify the contrast of time course variation of 36Cl and 129I recorded in the same ice core.
The ice core sample used in this work was taken from SE dome located in the southeast Greenland (7.18°
N, 36.37°W, 3170 m a.s.l.) in 2015 [1]. It covers from year 2015 to 1955 with high time resolution [2]. Major
elemental concentration and oxygen isotope data were already analyzed in details [3]. We obtained samples
corresponding from 2007 to 1956. We divided into two for each numbering sample, one is for 129I analysis and theother for 36Cl. 129I profile from 1976 to 1977 was already analyzed by one of the authors [4].
This study analyzed 36Cl from 1965 to 1956 just covering the “bomb peak”. 36Cl profile for Greenland ice core
was previously once analyzed for Dye 3 station [5]. However it is first time that 36Cl and 129I are analyzed fromthe same ice core. We found the bomb peak of 36Cl but there is a little discrepancy with the 129I peak timing. Thisshould be due to the difference of transportation mechanism.
In this work, complete data set of stable iodine concentration of this core was obtained. Since the concentrationof iodine was quite low as the order of 0.01ppb, all samples were once oxidized to be iodate and then measured
by ICP-MS after properly diluted. One prominent peak was found and this is coincides to the Sodium peak of
the ice core. The time course variation shows the gradually increase towards present which is consistent with theother studies [6,7].
36

 Cl; 129I; Accelerator Mass Spectrometry; Greenland ice core; Nuclear weapons testing; iodine concentration
Keywords: 36
References[1] Y. Iizuka et al., Bulletin of Glaciological Research 34 (2016) 1-10.
[2] R. Furukawa et al., J. of Geophysical Research: Atmospheres 122 (2017) 10873–10887.
[3] Y. Iizuka et al., J. of Geophysical Research: Atmospheres 123 (2018) 574-589.
[4] A.T. Bautista VII et al., J. of Environ. Radioactivity 184-185 (2018) 14-21.
[5] H.-A. Synal et al., Nucl. Instr. Meth. B 52 (1990) 483-488.
[6] C.A. Curvas et al., Nat. Commun. 9 (2018) 1452.
[7] M. Legrand et al., PNAS 115 (2018) 12136-12141.
60

The 8th East Asia Accelerator Mass Spectrometry Symposium

Space and earth environmental science
P-18

Interpreting 10Be records in sediments with a chemometric analysis of optical properties
Masako Yamane1*, Yusuke Yokoyama2, Hiroyuki Matsuzaki3, Keiji Takemura4, Hiroyuki Kitagawa1
Institute for Space–Earth Environmental Research, Nagoya University, Nagoya 464-8601, Japan
Atmosphere and Ocean Research Institute, University of Tokyo, Kashiwa 277-8564, Japan
3
The University Museum, University of Tokyo, Bunkyo-ku 113-0032, Japan
4
Graduate school of Science, Kyoto University, Kyoto 606-8501, Japan
1

2*Corresponding author. E-mail: yamane@nendai.nagoya-u.ac.jp
The interpretation of 10Be records from lake sediment cores is problematic because the 10Be source changes

with time. The secular 10Be variations from lake sediment cores can be constrained by the contribution of
the different 10Be source which is likely influenced by climatic and environmental changes on local, regionaland global scale. To interpret 10Be records in lake sediments in detail, it is crucial to clarify the time-varying

change in the contribution of 10Be source in sediments supplied from different pathways such as eolian deposit

and loading from the catchment area. In this study, we introduce a unique approach to infer the time-varying
change in contribution of different sediment source using a chemometric analysis of Fourier transform infrared

spectrometer spectrum. We applied this approach to a ~50 ka 10Be record from a well-dated Lake Biwa sedimentcore. We discuss the potential for interpreting 10Be in lake sediment cores in relation to the climatic andenvironmental changes.

Keywords: 10Be; lake sediment; chemometric analysis; FTIR

61

The 8th East Asia Accelerator Mass Spectrometry Symposium

Space and earth environmental science
P-19

Tracing study and source analysis of atmospheric fossil fuel CO2 by radiocarbon and air pollutantsin Xiʼan, China
Yaoyao Hou1,2*, Weijian Zhou1,2,3, Peng Cheng1,2, Xiaohu Xiong1,21

23State Key Laboratory of Loess and Quaternary Geology, Institute of Earth Environment, Chinese Academy of
Sciences, Xi'an 710061, China

Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Accelerator Mass Spectrometry Technology and Application, Xi'an AMS Center of
IEECAS and Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an 710061, China

Center for Excellence in Quaternary Science and Global Change, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Xi'an 710061,
China*Corresponding author. E-mail: houyy@ieecas.cn
AMS-14C is an effective way to quantify CO2 emitted by fossil fuel consumption in cities. We used self-

designed active absorption system with a molecular sieve to continuously collect atmospheric CO2 samples fromJanuary 2016 to January 2017 in Xiʼan, China. During the study period, the atmospheric Δ14C in Xiʼan fluctuatedsignificantly, ranging from (-1.00±2.84) ‰ to (-187.25±3.62) ‰. The concentrations of CO2ff also showedsignificantly seasonal variations, and varied from 6.91±1.94 μmol·mol−1 (July 2016) to 105.60±3.09 μmol·

mol−1 (January 2017). We also observed that CO2ff shared a similar trend over study period with air pollutants andwas correlated with air pollutants. By the relationships between CO2ff and air pollutants, this study qualitatively

analyzed the main sources of CO2ff in different seasons. Due to the different atmospheric diffusion conditions,in spring and summer, CO2ff at the sampling site may be mainly affected by industrial coal combustion, while inautumn and winter, mainly by vehicles emissions.
Keywords: 14C; fossil fuel CO2; Xi'an

62

The 8th East Asia Accelerator Mass Spectrometry Symposium

Carbon-14 age calibration and archaeological application
P-20

Potential 14C excursions in the available radiocarbon calibration curve data
Jacek Pawlyta, Andrzej Rakowski
Institute of Physics – Centre for Science and Education, Silesian University of Technology, Gliwice, Poland*Corresponding author. E-mail: jacek.pawlyta@polsl.pl
It has been supported by numerous works following Miyake discovery, that there were some rapid changes in 14C

concentration in the atmospheric carbon dioxide. Although the origins of these changes are not well recognized,

they are of the radiocarbon community attention because of the potential use in precise radiocarbon dating.

Previously published results of researches suggest that the changes have been observed for periods no longer thancouples of years with the amplitude of several per miles and rise time of a year or less. We made a survey ofavailable data used to build IntCal'13 radiocarbon calibration curve. Datasets which are potentially suitable for theinvestigations of rapid 14C were selected. For some periods of time we tried searching for potential atmospheric 14C

concentration excursions. We will present the results of our investigations.
Keywords: calibration curve; Miyake effect; radiocarbon

63

The 8th East Asia Accelerator Mass Spectrometry Symposium

Carbon-14 age calibration and archaeological application
P-21

Applications of Miyake effect in construction of absolute dendrochronological scale
Andrzej Rakowski1, Marek Krąpiec2, Jacek Pawlyta1, Damian Wiktorowski2
1

2

Institute of Physics - Center for Science and Education, Silesian University of Technology, Konarskiego 22B str.,
44-100 Gliwice, Poland

AGH University of Science and Technology, Mickiewicza Av. 30, 30-059 Krakow, Poland*Corresponding author. E-mail: andrzej.rakowski@polsl.pl
Miyake et al. [1,2,3] described a sudden increase of radiocarbon (14C) concentration in annual tree rings ofJapanese cedar (Cryptomeria japonica) and Hinoki cypress (Chamaecyparis obtusa) between AD 774 and 775 andbetween AD 993 and 994. In both analysed periods, the sudden increase was observed almost in a single year. Dueto the characteristic of the sharp increase in radiocarbon concentration that occurs in this phenomenon, and due tothe global character of this effect, it is possible to use it for accurate dating of annual tree rings, using radiocarbon

method. In practice, linking the relative dendrochronological dating and radiocarbon analysis of annual growthrings is possible to use “Wiggle matching” technique to precise determination of the calendar age of samples ofpine, from the floating pine chronology (2U_02A) for central Poland. Absolute dating chronology 2U_02A covering

227 year, determined on the basis of 50 individual sequences is of great importance for archaeology of the early
Middle Ages. This is particularly important for polish history, as during the period covered by this chronology,

evolutionary changes occurred, such us the transition from tribal organization to the state organization and theemergence of a series of fortified towns, which dendrochronology dating without pine standard is difficult. So far,summarized standard curves for pine in Poland date back from the present to 1106 AD for Gdańsk Pomerania [4]and 1091 AD for Lesser Poland [5] and does not include the Xth century AD.
Keywords: miyake effect; calibration curve; dendrochronology; AMS
References[1] F. Miyake et al., Nature 486 (2012) 240-242.
[2] F. Miyake et al., Nature Communications 4 (2013) 1748.
[3] F. Miyake et al., Radiocarbon 56 (2014) 1184-1194.
[4] A. Zielski (1994) UMK, Torun (in Polish).

[5] E. Szychowska-Krąpiec, Folia Quaternaria 79 (2010) 1–124.

64

The 8th East Asia Accelerator Mass Spectrometry Symposium

Carbon-14 age calibration and archaeological application 
P-22

775 and 994 14C event in the tree-rings of northern Japanese trees
Masataka Hakozaki1*, Fusa Miyake2, Toshio Nakamura2
12

National Museum of Japanese History, Sakura 285-8502, Japan

Institute for Space-Earth Environmental Research, Nagoya University, Nagoya 464-8601, Japan*Corresponding author. E-mail: hakozaki@rekihaku.ac.jp
The carbon-14 surge event in AD775 was discovered in the tree-rings of Yakusugi from southern Japan (Miyake
et al. 2012), and later reproduced on 27 species of trees around the world (Büntgen et al. 2018). Such a carbon-14

surge event can be applied to determine the absolute age of floating tree-ring sequences. We call this carbon-14

spike matching. As an example, we dated the 10th century eruption of Mt. Baitoushan in China / North Korea as
AD946 (Hakozaki et al. 2018).
Currently, we are constructing a tree-ring chronology in a northern Japan area based on oxygen isotope ratio.

However, because of its historical background, the northern Japan area lacks long-lived trees. Therefore, thechronology has not been continuous data yet, and absolute ages for several time intervals are not determined. Inorder to determine the absolute age, we tried to reproduce the carbon-14 events of AD775 and AD994 using thetree-ring samples that components of the chronology. As a result, the AD775 event was clearly reproduced. The
AD994 event was less clear than the trees in southern Japan, but was generally consistent with the rest of theworld. The absolute age of our tree-ring chronology was determined as AD417-1595.
Keywords: ; Miyake Event; dendrochronology; northern Japan

65

The 8th East Asia Accelerator Mass Spectrometry Symposium

Carbon-14 age calibration and archaeological application
P-23

Radiocarbon dating of a shrine pavilion and offerings at Abushina shrine in Gifu prefecture, Japan
Yoko Saito-Kokubu*, Tomohiro Nisio, Natsuko Fujita, Akihiro Matsubara
Tono Geoscience Center, Japan Atomic Energy Agency, Jorinji, Izumi-cho, Toki, GIFU 509-5102, Japan*Corresponding author. E-mail: kokubu.yoko@jaea.go.jp
Abushina shrine in Gifu, Japan has many precious cultural properties. Radiocarbon dating of a shrine pavilion

and offerings at the shrine was conducted by using JAEA-AMS-TONO, as requested by the shrine parishioners.

Samples were pieces of woods collected from the shrine pavilion and the offerings of two lion masks, a donatednameboard of a curtain and a board of a woodcut print made for a charm.

The obtained ages of the shrine pavilion were 1642-1951 cal AD, though it is known that the latest

rehabilitation was 1202 y. This suggests that the shrine pavilion was rebuilt after Edo Period. The obtained
ages of the lion masks, a donated nameboard and the board were 1408-1466 cal AD, 1332-1444 cal AD, 1673-

1697 cal AD and 1667-1955 cal AD, resupectivly. The ages of the lion masks were consistent with those etchedon thee masks. On the other hand, the age of the donated nameboard was not corresponding to devoted time of
the curtain. This shows that the donated nameboard was remade to pass on a record of the dedication for future

generations because of the dedication in commemoration of the birth of Mr. Ranmaru Mori, who was one of thefamous samurai in Azuchi-Momoyama Period. The age of the board shows that the board was used after Edo
Period.

Keywords: Radiocarbon dating; Shrine pavilion; Offerings; JAEA-AMS-TONO

66

The 8th East Asia Accelerator Mass Spectrometry Symposium

Carbon-14 age calibration and archaeological application
P-24

AMS 14C dating on Collagen, TOC and carbonate of bone and tooth samples at the NTUAMS Lab
Chun-Yen Chou, Hong-Chun Li*, Su-Chen Kang, Tingyi Chang
Department of Geosciences, National Taiwan University, Taipei 10617, Taiwan*Corresponding author. E-mail: hcli1960@ntu.edu.tw
Bone and tooth samples are often used for AMS 14C dating in archaeology. However, many such samples were

not enough to extract collagen which is considered as the most reliable material for dating. Depending on thepreservation conditions, collagen in bones and teeth is often decay or lost through time. Many previous studies
have setup dating criterions for bone samples, such as C/N, δ15N and δ13C, etc. Practically, accurate age is not

required in many studies, e.g., Holocene or Pleistocene in age would be important for interpreting conclusions

in early human settlement in China. In this study, we first establish our dating procedure for bone samples bypractice dating a modern bovine bone collected from field in Sichuan Province of China. The collagen extraction
method is adapted from Brock et al. (2010) and Dunbar et al. (2016). The average pMC of the collagen is 104.481±0.855% (N = 7). The pMC value of the TOC of the bovine bone is 106.88±0.81%. A human bone and human

tooth from Yinxu archaeological site at Anyang City, Henan Province which had a known age of Late Shang

Dynasty (1146-1046 BC, or 2996-3096 cal. yr BP) were used to check our dating procedure. The AMS 14C agesof the collagen and TOC of the bone and TOC of the tooth are 3015±100, 2655±115 and 2990±100 (cal. yr BP),

respectively, showing the collagen of the bone and the TOC of the tooth have very close to the known age, but the
TOC of the bone is younger than the collagen. AMS 14C dates of collagen and TOC of animal tooth from fourcaves in south China show that the TOC ages are less than 50% younger than the collagen ages within Holocene,

no more than one order magnitude younger even for late Pleistocene samples. All the 14C ages of the collagen and

TOC of the animal and human teeth from the four caves are younger than 40,000 yr BP, reflecting the humansettlements could not be as early as 90-150 ka which was determined by U-series dating on speleothems of thestratum.

Keywords: collagen; bone; 14C; AMS; dating

67

Carbon-14 age calibration and archaeological application
P-25

The spatial distribution of shell 14C ages in China.
Peng Cheng1,2*, Jibao Dong1
1

2

The State Key Laboratory of Loess and Quaternary Geology, Institute of Earth Environment, Chinese Academyof Sciences (IEECAS), Xi'an 710061, China

Xiʼan AMS Center of IEECAS, and Shaanxi Provincial Key Laboratory of Accelerator Mass Spectrometry andApplication, Xi'an 710061, China*Corresponding author. E-mail: chp@ieecas.cn
The use of the aragonite shells for 14C dating is restricted by the well-known limestone problem, many

researchers only consider the effect of snail size on absorption of calcium carbonate, ignore the growing
environment of snail. In order to further elucidated the possibility of land snail shells for radiocarbon dating,the modern land snail shells were collected from middle part of China to Hainan Island in this work. In the
carbonate area, distributed in northern China, the snail shell age is relatively old, ranging from 2400 to 400 years.
However, in the no carbonate area, distributed in southern China, shell 14C dating results show modern origin.

In southern China, soluble salt and carbonate in the soil were leached out, and the calcium content was about 1 %,The favorable growth environment in the south encourages snails to eat a lot of plants to make up for the lackof calcium. therefore, there are many modern carbons from plants in the shell, Brazilian et al., 2017 also foundthe shell were not affected by old carbon in Brazil. Brazil is in the subtropical region, and the living habits ofsnails are relatively similar to those in the southern China. Whether the shell can be used as a reliable 14C dating

material, not depends on the size of snail but on the growing environment of snail. In the no carbonate area,

reliable 14C dating can be achieved by using the terrestrial fossils shell discovered in the strata and archaeologicalsites.

Keywords: shell; Radiocarbon

68The 8th East Asia Accelerator Mass Spectrometry Symposium

Carbon-14 age calibration and archaeological application
P-26

Radiocarbon dating and diet analysis of cremated bones excavated from archaeological sites in Japan
Masayo Minami1*, Shigeyuki Wakaki2, Hikari Mukumoto3, Toshio Nakamura1
1
2

3

Institute for Space-Earth Environmental Research, Nagoya University, Nagoya 464-8601, Japan

Kochi Institute for Core Sample Research, Japan Agency for Marine-Earth Science and Technology (JAMSTEC),
Kochi 783-0093, Japan

Graduate School of Environmental Studies, Nagoya University, Nagoya 464-8601, Japan*Corresponding author. E-mail: minami@isee.nagoya-u.ac.jp
Radiocarbon dating and dietary analysis were performed on cremated bones excavated from two archaeologicalsites in Japan. The samples used are the remains of Jokei, a Buddhist monk (AD 1155–1213), found in an urn fromthe Jisho-in Temple, Nara Prefecture, Japan, and several cremated bones excavated from the Ishibotoke-daniarchaeological site in the Binman-ji Temple, Shiga Prefecture, Japan. The Ishibotoke-dani site, which is divided into
7 areas of A to G, is a large medieval grave used from the 13th to the 16th century. It is estimated that influential
people from the region were buried in the site.

The cremated bones of Jokei were analysed for eight bone fragments of different colors (black, gray, and white).

The white fragments had the highest apatite crystallinity and the lowest Ba concentrations. The calibrated date of

the white bone fragments is 1152–1216 cal AD, consistent with Jokeiʼs lifespan, showing these fragments provide
reliable 14C ages. Meanwhile, the black and gray fragments, which probably experienced lower temperaturesduring cremation, had lower apatite crystallinity and higher Ba concentrations. These results indicate thatbioapatite in white cremated bone is resistant to diagenetic alteration, while bioapatite in black and gray bones isaffected by soil contamination [1]. The Sr/Ca and δ88Sr dietary analyses using the white bone fragments of Jokei

suggested his vegetarian diet. The result is consistent with the religious precept that meat eating was prohibitedfor monks under Mahayana Buddhism.

The white cremated bones from the Ishibotoke-dani site had high apatite crystallinity and low Ba concentrations,

showing that they may have been exposed to high temperatures and are resistant to diagenetic alteration. The 14C
ages of the white bones from the A and D areas were similar, ranging from 716±36 BP to 738±34 BP, and thosefrom the F area varied largely from 651±37 BP to 896±36 BP. The bone from the G area showed the youngest 14C

age of 579±38 BP. The results show that the 14C ages of cremated bones in the Ishibotoke-dani site are different by
the burial areas. Meanwhile, the diet analysis of the bones by Sr/Ca and δ88Sr showed that their trophic level was
higher than Jokei, indicating that the influential people in the medieval period ate meats as well as vegetables.
Keywords: Radiocarbon dating; diet analysis; cremated bones
References[1] Minami et al., Radiocarbon (2019) DOI: https://doi.org/10.1017/RDC.2019.97
69

The 8th East Asia Accelerator Mass Spectrometry Symposium

General AMS application
P-27

A plan on accurate radiocarbon dating of ivory products in Japan andestimation of the original areas for providing ivory for legal international trading of ivory products
Toshio Nakamura1*, Hiroko Koike2, Masayo Minami1, Shin Nishida3
Institute for Space-Earth Environmental Research, Nagoya University, Nagoya 464-8601, Japan
University Museum, University of Kyushu, Fukuoka 812-8581, Japan3
School of Education, Miyazaki University, Miyazaki 889-2192, Japan
1

2*Corresponding author. E-mail: nakamura@nendai.nagoya-u.ac.jp
In East Asia, personal seals made of animal tusk, stone or wood are widely used, and among these raw
materials, ivory is considered to have the highest value. However, in 1973, the Washington Convention (Convention
on International Trading in Endangered Species of Wild Fauna and Flora: CITES) gave rise to global prohibitionon the trading of endangered species of wild fauna and flora, both living and dead as well as any products
made thereof. Elephants were among the endangered species that became protected by the convention. Japan
entered into CITES in 1980. About Asian elephant, international trading of elephant tusk and its products from/
into Japan was prohibited, except those items purchased prior to 1975 according to CITES prohibition. About
African elephant, international trading of elephant tusk items was prohibited unless they were imported before
1990. Use of 14C contents to determine the age of ivory has therefore become important in trade to verify thata given ivory product was not harvested later than 1975 for Asian elephant and 1990 for African elephant, if no
official documentation exists to prove the age of the sample. Atmospheric concentrations of 14C produced by
nuclear bomb tests between 1945 and 1963 show unique secular variations from 1955 to present. These secularvariations can be successfully used in age estimations of natural carbonaceous materials formed by incorporating
atmospheric CO2 during this time frame [1].
However, the age of the ivory products does not prohibit completely the international ivory-product tradingfor African elephant. In 1999 and 2008, legal import of ivory was conducted into Japan from the countriesof Republic of Botswana, Republic of Namibia, Republic of Zimbabwe, and Republic of South Africa. The
four countries locate southern end of African Continent and elephants may have grown up with different foodresources in the four countries compared with those in other northern African countries. The analysis of food
habits based on the stable isotope ratios 13C, δ15N, δ18O and δ34S of collagen materials extracted from bones ortusks (teeth) of animals provided great success recently [2]. The isotope analysis provides us useful information
about local climate or vegetation conditions for food resources at the locations where those animals have grown
up. The DNA sequence analysis is also planned for distinct identification of grown up areas of the elephants. This
project is just started to confirm legal international trading of ivory products from/into Japan.
Keywords: radiocarbon; bomb-produced radiocarbon; stable isotope ratio CITES; elephant tusk; tusk
formation age
References[1] T. Nakamura et al., Nucl. Instr. Meth. Phys. Res. B361 (2015) 496-499.
[2] H. Koike, The Quarter. Res. (Daiyonki-kenkyu), 56 (4) (2017) 149-168. (in Japanese)70

The 8th East Asia Accelerator Mass Spectrometry Symposium

General AMS application
P-28

Radiocarbon ages of organic carbon in sediments, suspended particles, and benthic invertebrates
in Otsuchi Bay, northeastern Japan
Naomi Satoh1*, Hideki Fukuda1, Masato Hirose2, Yosuke Miyairi1, Yusuke Yokoyama1, Toshi Nagata1
1

2

Atmosphere and Ocean Research Institute, The University of Tokyo, 5-1-5, Kashiwanoha, Kashiwa-shi, Chiba
277-8564, Japan

School of Marine Biosciences, Kitasato University, 1-15-1, Kitasato, Minami, Sagamihara, Kanagawa 252-0373,
Japan*Corresponding author. E-mail: sato.0120@aori.u-tokyo.ac.jp
Aged organic matter in soils is transported to estuarine and coastal environments, where it can be assimilated by

microbes [1]. This suggests that, via the microbial food chain, the aged organic carbon might support the productionof benthic invertebrates in coastal habitats. To test this hypothesis, we used radiocarbon (Δ14C) to investigate theage of organic carbon assimilated by benthic invertebrates in Otsuchi Bay, the Pacific coast of the northeasternJapan. We determined the Δ14C of benthic invertebrates, belonging to 13 taxa including filter feeders (that ingest

particles suspended in seawater) and deposit feeders (that ingest particles comprising sedimentary deposits), andthe two forms of organic matter in their surrounding environments; i.e. sedimentary organic matter (SOM) andsuspended particulate organic matter (POM) in the water column. Dissolved inorganic carbon (DIC) in the bay

water was also analyzed to estimate the possible range of Δ14C signatures of aquatic primary producers including
phytoplankton and benthic algae. The Δ14C values of invertebrates varied in the range of –9.8 to 42‰, while thoseof DIC ranged from 3.2 to 35‰. Although the lower Δ14C values of invertebrates were outside the range of Δ

14

C for DIC, they are within the lower range of reported Δ14C values for DIC in Otsuchi Bay, the lowest value of–57‰ being observed during the intrusion of 14C-depleted, Oyashio water in winter [2]. The Δ14C values of SOM

and POM varied much more widely than DIC depending on location and season, with the ranges of –321 to 30‰(3046 years B.P to modern) and –150 to 4.0‰ (1240 years B.P. to modern) for SOM and POM, respectively. The

analysis of the relationships between Δ14C, carbon stable isotope signature and C/N ratio suggested that SOM was
the mixture of modern carbon derived from terrestrial vascular plants and the old carbon presumably derived fromsedimentary rocks, and POM was the mixture of modern carbon derived from marine phytoplankton and aged soilorganic carbon. Thus, despite the fact that the Δ14C signatures of SOM and POM clearly indicated a significant

transport of aged organic carbon from its catchment to Otsuchi Bay, benthic invertebrates in this bay appeared toassimilate only modern carbon originated from contemporaneous autotrophs.
Keywords: Radiocarbon; food source; benthic invertebrate
References[1] McCallister et al., Limnology and Oceanography 49 (2004) 1687-1720.
[2] Satoh et al., Journal of Oceanography 75 (2019) 349-358.
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Radiocarbon ages of POC, DOC, and DIC in ground ice in Siberian permafrost
Rina Sato1*, Masayo Minami2, Go Iwahana3, Tetsuya Hiyama2
12
3

Graduate school of Environmental Studies, Nagoya University, Nagoya 464-8601, Japan

Institute for Space-Earth Environmental Research, Nagoya University, Nagoya 464-8601, Japan
International Arctic Research Center, University of Alaska, Fairbanks, USA*Corresponding author. E-mail: sato.rina@g.mbox.nagoya-u.ac.jp
The ground ice in permafrost is receiving attention as a useful tool for paleoenvironment reconstruction

in northeast Siberia and north central Alaska. For understanding of past climate changes and hydrologicalenvironmental changes preserved in the ground ice, it is important to determine the accurate formation age ofground ice. In order to investigate which carbon component is most suitable for determination of the formation
ages of ground ice, we measured 14C ages of carbon components of particulate organic carbon (POC), dissolved

organic carbon (DOC), dissolved inorganic carbon (DIC) in ground ice samples in permafrost at Syrdakh and
Churapcha, near Yakutsk city in Russia. The DOC was divided into three particle-size fractions of 0.7 μm−10kDa, 10 kDa−3 kDa, and ＜3 kDa, and the 14C ages of three fractions were measured.

The 14C ages of POC in the ground ice samples, 40−27 kyr BP, were approximately 10,000 years older thanplant ages of 24−22 kyr BP. The 14C ages of DOC were different by molecular size: the 0.7 μm−10 kDa and 10

kDa−3 kDa fractions showed 28−19 kyr BP, similar to those of plants, whereas the ＜3 kDa fraction showedyounger ages of 19−12 kyr BP, which were similar to those of DIC, 18−12 kyr BP.

From these results, the POC is likely to have older age due to the influence of redeposition of organic carbon

with old age [1], and is not good for use on determining the formation age of ground ice. Meanwhile, the coarse

fraction of DOC could be useful for obtaining the true age of ice formation. The DIC and the fine fraction of
DOC could show any age except the ice formation age, such as the age of permafrost thawing due to abrupt

northern hemispheric warming at the Bølling/Allerød, (~14,6 kyr BP) [2]. The cause of age difference in threecarbon components in ground ice will be discussed.

Keywords: Radiocarbon age; grond ice; permafrost; DOC
References[1] Lachniet et al., Quaternary Research 78 (2012) 217–225.
[2] Köhler et al., Nat. Commun. 5 (2014) 5520.

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A 129I/127I data collection of marine biota
Haruka Kusuno*, Hiroyuki Matsuzaki, Miwako Toya, Hironori Tokuyama
Micro Analysis Laboratory, Tandem Accelerator, the University of Tokyo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 113-0032, Japan*Corresponding author. E-mail: kusuno@um.u-tokyo.ac.jp
I (half-life 15.7 million years) has been produced by cosmic-ray production and natural fission processes in129

natural environment. After nuclear age, huge amount of anthropogenic 129I was released during nuclear weapons
testing and operations of nuclear facilities. Isotopic ratio of 129I divided by stable iodine (129I/I) in surface seawaterhas varied several digits after nuclear age [1]. Since iodine is a biophile element, anthropogenic 129I was taken inbiosphere and 129I/I would also be changed compared before nuclear age.

In this study 129I/I data was obtained for 123 biota samples which are collected from the northeast Atlantic

Ocean, the Pacific Ocean, and the east Indian Ocean. Most of biota samples were collected on Japanese researchcruises carried out on the north west Pacific Ocean, and the other samples such pelagic fish and old ones were
provided by Environmental Specimen Bank (es-BANK), Ehime University, Japan. Year of sampling distributes
from 1966 to 2014. 129I/I ratio was measured by Accelerator mass spectrometry (AMS), and inductively coupledplasma mass spectrometry (ICP-MS) at Micro Analysis Laboratory, Tandem Accelerator (MALT), the Universityof Tokyo.

Isotopic ratio of biota showed latitude dependence as that of seawater reported by literatures [e.g. 1, 2]. Isotopic

ratio of fish from the northeast Atlantic Ocean drastically increased from 2×10-10 before 1993 to 8×10-8 to 2

×10-7 after 1996. This is related to liquid discharge from spent nuclear fuel reprocessing plants [3]. The lowest

value, 8×10-12, was detected with a fish collected at the western coast of Argentina in 1978. 129I/I of other samples
from the Southern Hemisphere collected in 1978-2005 distributed 1×10-11 to 3×10-11 (n = 6).

We also measured 129I/I of iodide and iodate in seawater samples and compared them with 129I/I of biota

samples collected at same station. As a result, 129I/I of iodide agreed with that of biota. This suggests iodide isbiophile chemical form in the ocean.

Those results show 129I/I of biota represents their habitat environment and iodide would be a clue forunderstanding iodine system in marine biosphere.
Keywords: Iodine-129; marinebiota; seawater
References[1] P. He et al., Nucl. Instr. Meth. Phys. Res. B 294 (2013) 537-541.
[2] H. Nagai et al., Nucl. Instr. Meth. Phys. Res. B 361 (2015) 680-684.
[3] X. Hou et al., Anal. Chim. Acta 632 (2009) 181-196.

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Preliminary test for 129I measurement of CaCO3 samples in JAEA-AMS-TONO
Takehiro Mitsuguchi1*, Nobuaki Okabe2, Masayasu Miyake2, Akihiro Matsubara2, Natsuko Fujita1,
Takahiro Watanabe1, Yoko Saito-Kokubu1

1
2

Tono Geoscience Center, Japan Atomic Energy Agency, Jorinji, Izumi-cho, Toki, Gifu 509-5102, JapanPESCO Co., Ltd., Tokiguchi-minami-cho, Toki, Gifu 509-5123, Japan*Corresponding author. E-mail: mitsuguchi.takehiro@jaea.go.jp
A preliminary test for AMS 129I measurement of CaCO3 samples was performed using a tandem Pelletron AMS

system at Tono Geoscience Center, Japan Atomic Energy Agency (JAEA-AMS-TONO). An annually-banded

coral collected from Con Dao Island, Vietnam, was used for this test. The procedure of the test was as follows: (1)an annual-band sample of AD 1946-47 (in the pre-nuclear-test period) from the coral was treated with 1% HCl
for removal of its surface portion, resulting in ~8% weight loss of the sample; (2) the treated sample was dissolvedin 17% H3PO4 solution; (3) a small aliquot from the sample solution was used for 127I measurement by ICP-MS;(4) the Woodward iodine standard dissolved in Na2SO3(aq) was added as a carrier to the sample solution; (5)iodine was extracted from the solution by solvent extraction and back-extraction using n-hexane and Na2SO3(aq),respectively, resulting in an aqueous phase with extracted iodine; (6) AgNO3(aq) was added to the aqueous phaseto obtain AgI precipitate; (7) the AgI precipitate was mixed with Nb powder and then pressed into a copper

cathode for 129I measurement by JAEA-AMS-TONO. A blank test of this procedure was also made to evaluate thebackground 129I effect in the sample preparation. Results we obtained were as follows: (1) the background 129I/127I

ratio was [4.3±0.1] x 10-14 (n = 3) and (2) the background-corrected coral 129I/127I ratio was [1.53±0.76] x 10-12 (n= 4); the latter value was calculated after excluding two abnormally high and low values (originally n = 6). The

coral 129I/127I ratio is generally in agreement with previously-reported values of AD 1946 and 1947 coral annual
bands in Con Dao Island ([1.51±0.13] x 10-12 and [0.96±0.21] x 10-12, respectively: Chang et al., 2016), suggestingthat AMS 129I measurement of CaCO3 samples has been generally established in JAEA-AMS-TONO. This study

was carried out, under a contract with the Agency of Natural Resources and Energy of METI (the Ministry of

Economy, Trade and Industry of Japan), as a part of a R&D program for advanced research on long-term stabilityof geological environment.

Keywords: iodine-129; CaCO3; coral geology geochemistry74

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Iodine-129 time series records from coastal Taiwan
G.S. Burr1*, Hiroyuki Matsuzaki2, Bo-Shian Wang3, Haruka Kusuno2, Hironori Tokuyama2, Yamagata Takeyasu2123

National Taiwan University, Department of Geosciences, NTU Research Center for Future Earth, No. 1 Sec. 4
Roosevelt Road, Taipei 10617, Taiwan

MALT (Micro Analysis Laboratory, Tandem accelerator), The University Museum, The University of Tokyo,
Yayoi 2-11-16, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 113-0032, Japan

Taiwan Ocean Research Institute, National Applied Research Laboratories, No.196, Henan 2nd Rd., Qianjin
Dist., Kaohsiung City 801, Taiwan*Corresponding author. E-mail: strotherburr@ntu.edu.tw
This study presents preliminary 129I/127I time series data from three coastal sites from Taiwan, collected every

two weeks. These include sites at: 1) National Sun-Yat Sen University, Kaohsiung (southwest coast), 2) Zhuwei
Fishing Village, Taoyuan (northwest coast), and 3) Yehliu Geopark (northeast coast). Measured 129I/127I values

at Kaohsiung range from (35−61)×10 -12; and those from Zhuwei range from (43−82)×10 -12, with a distinct

seasonal change observed at the latter site, with lower values during winter and higher values in the spring. We
have also documented 129I/127I values from five surface ocean sites in the South China Sea, collected during thesummer of 2018. These are more tightly clustered, with an average 129I/127I value of (49.6±2.4)×10-12. Seawater

I time series and vertical profiles in the ocean reflect differences in the 129I content of different water masses

129

and surface ocean circulation. 129I is very sensitive to upwelling because surface water 129I/127I values are about 50
times higher in surface waters, as compared to deep water. Seasonal (summer) upwelling is known to occur along

the west coast of Taiwan in the summer. Hence, the bimonthly time series measurements that we are gathering
should show this effect. The broader goals of the project include 129I measurements on freshwater, soils andorganic matter. We have begun testing a wet chemical technique to extract iodine from these materials.
Keywords: 129I; seawater; coral; radiotracer; time series

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Holocene activity of the Sagiriko fault detected from sediment cores and a ground penetratingradar profiling, Izu Peninsula, central Japan
Haruo Kimura1*, Toshimichi Nakanishi2, Mei Yukawa1, Takashi Hosoya3, Sung Ki-Suck4, Wan Hong5
Geosphere Science Sector, Central Research Institute of Electric Power Industry, Abiko 1646, Abiko, Chiba 2701194, Japan
2
Tono Geoscience Center, Japan Atomic Energy Agency, Jorinji Izumi-cho, Toki, Gifu 509-5102, Japan
3
Chuo Kaihatsu Corporation, Nishi-Aoki, Kawaguchi, Saitama 332-0035, Japan
4
Carbon Analysis Lab Co., Ltd., 25, Taejeon-ro 114beon-gil, Dong-gu, Daejeon, Republic of Korea
5
Geochemical Analysis Center, Korea Institute of Geoscience & Mineral Resources, Gwahak-ro, Yuseong-gu,
Daejeon 34132, Republic of Korea
1*Corresponding author. E-mail: kimura@criepi.denken.or.jp
The Mj=7.3 1930 Kita-Izu earthquake ruptured the N-S trending Kita-Izu fault zone, which is also called as

the Tanna fault zone. The fault zone is located in the Izu Peninsula, northern tip of the Izu-Bonin-Mariana arc,and it consists of many sinistral strands and some conjugate dextral ones. The Sagiriko fault located to the southof the Kita-Izu fault zone also consists of N-S trending strands and conjugate ones. A N-S trending strand of

the Sagiriko fault is ruptured during the 1930 earthquake, but Holocene activity of the conjugate E-W trending

strands of the fault have not been revealed. We analyzed the near-surface structure profiled by ground penetratingradar (GPR) and radiocarbon ages of two drill cores to estimate Holocene activity on the Sagiriko fault. In orderto detect detailed location of the fault trace on the surface, we first carried out aerial photograph interpretationand field observation before the GPR and drilling surveys. A ground-penetrating radar profile, which length

was about 170 m, was recorded across the fault trace and drilling sites. The drilling sites were distributed inboth blocks on the strand of the Sagiriko fault in the study area. The GPR data were collected by common-

offset modes using 50 MHz GPR systems (pulseEKKO PRO made by Sensors and Software Inc.), and the station
spacing was 0.4 m. Furthermore, we carried out wide-angle measurements, and acquired common mid-point

ensembles at the both sides of the fault trace to estimate the electromagnetic wave velocity used in the depth
conversion of the GPR sections. The GPR sections after careful data processing show detailed structure above a

depth of about 8 m. We interpreted several horizons showing the past seismic events. The horizons were dated by

AMS radiocarbon ages of plant fragments and organic soil samples in the drilled cores. The horizons explain the

Holocene activity of the E-W trending strand of the Sagiriko fault in the study area. This work was started as a
research project funded by the Izu Peninsula UNESCO Global Geopark. This study was partially funded by theJapan Society for the Promotion of Science Kakenhi grant number JP18K03768.
Keywords: active fault; ground penetrating radar; radiocarbon

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Radiocarbon age offsets of plants and shells in the Holocene sediments from the Lake Harutori,
Pacific coast of Hokkaido, northeast Japan
Toshimichi Nakanishi1*, Wan Hong2, Kiyoyuki Shigeno3, Futoshi Nanayama4,5
Tono Geoscience Center, Japan Atomic Energy Agency, Jorinji Izumi-cho, Toki, Gifu 509-5102, Japan
Geochemical Analysis Center, Korea Institute of Geoscience & Mineral Resources, Gwahak-ro, Yuseong-gu,
Daejeon 34132, Republic of Korea
3
Meiji Consultant Co. Ltd., Chuo-ku, Sapporo 064-0807, Japan
4
Geological Survey of Japan, Advanced Industrial Science & Technology, Higashi, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-8567, Japan
5
Implementation Research and Education System Center for Reducing Disaster Risk, Graduate School of Scienceand Technology, Kumamoto University, Chuo-ku, Kurokami, Kumamoto 860-8555, Japan
1

2*Corresponding author. E-mail: nakanishi.toshimichi@jaea.go.jp
In order to identify the chronological changes of the marine reservoir effect in the northeast Japan, theradiocarbon ages of 10 pairs of marine shells and terrestrial plants were measured from one core obtained oflagoon lake sediments[1,2]. This lake locates where the one of highest values were detected in East Asia region.
This core of 12.6 meters length was obtained in the central part of the frozen lake in winter, which faces on
the Oyashio cold current. This drilling site locates on a tectonic active region in the southwestern Kuril arc
associated by the oblique subduction of the Pacific Plate under the Okhotsk Plate[3]. Based on analyses oflithology, molluscan assemblages, and radiocarbon dating, we interpreted three units in order of decreasing age:transgressive tidal flat, transgressive lagoon, deltaic lagoon sediments. The lagoon sediments consisted thinsilt layers of varve with terrestrial plant fragments and intercalating some event deposits such as 22 sand layers
by tsunamis and 6 volcanic ashes[1,2]. The structure was clearly imaged by a core scanning of a computed
tomography (CT) and X-ray fluorescence (ITRAX). The reservoir ages of 10 pairs were obtained from thetransgressive tidal flat to deltaic lagoon sediments in the past 9,000 years. Using the chronological change inthe reservoir effect, the Lake Harutori sediments will be correlated with the Holocene sediments from the othercoastal area around southwestern Japan[4,5,6,7] and South Korea[8,9,10]. The core scanning of CT and ITRAX
was performed under the cooperative research program of Center for Advanced Marine Core Research, Kochi
University (Accept No. 18B061). This study was partially funded by the Japan Society for the Promotion of
Science Kakenhi grant number JP18H01310.
Keywords: Reservoir effect; Lagoon, radiocarbon; Lake Harutori
References[1] Nanayama et al., Nature 424 (2003) 660-663.
[2] Soeda & Nanayama, Journal of Geography (Chigaku-Zassi) 114 (2005) 626-630. (Japanese with English Abstract)[3] Kimura, Geology 14 (1986) 404-407.
[4] Nakanishi et al., Radiocarbon 59 (2017a) 423-434.
[5] Nakanishi et al., Radiocarbon 59 (2017b) 1737-1748.
[6] Nakanishi et al., Radiocarbon (2019a) doi: 10.1017/RDC.2019.114.
[7] Nakanishi et al., Radiocarbon (2019b) doi: 10.1017/RDC.2019.129.
[8] Nakanishi et al., Nucl. Instr. Meth. Phys. Res. B 294 (2013) 573-578.
[9] Nakanishi et al., Nucl. Instr. Meth. Phys. Res. B 361 (2015) 670-679.
[10] Nakanishi et al., Quaternary International 447 (2017c) 3-12.
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Marine reservoir effects in transgressive sediments from the Miyazaki Plain,southeast coast of Kyushu, Japan
Toshimichi Nakanishi1*, Masakazu Niwa1, Nobuaki Okabe2, Motohisa Kato2, Akihiro Matsubara1, Natsuko Fujita1
1
2

Tono Geoscience Center, Japan Atomic Energy Agency, Jorinji Izumi-cho, Toki, Gifu 509-5102, Japan
Pesco Co. Ltd., Tokiguchi-minami-cho, Toki, Gifu 509-5123, Japan*Corresponding author. E-mail: nakanishi.toshimichi@jaea.go.jp
To identify the chronological changes of the marine reservoir effect in the Miyazaki Plain, southeast Kyushu,

Japan, the radiocarbon ages of 9 pairs of marine shells and terrestrial plants were measured from transgressive

sediments. This core with length of 30 meters was obtained from the southern part of the Miyazaki Plainin southeastern Kyusyu Island, which faces on the Kuroshio warm current. This drilling site locates in an

uplift area associated by the subduction of the Philippine Sea Plate [1,2] . Based on analyses of lithology,

molluscan assemblages, and radiocarbon dating, we interpreted seven sedimentary units in order of older age:
fluvial channel, estuary, prodelta, 7.3 ka tsunami [3] deposit, delta front, delta plain, and artificial soil. Thesepaleoenvironmental changes had been clearly associated by the stronger marine influence than a previous drillingcore [4] at ca 9 km upper stream from the coast line along this plain. Reservoir ages of 9 pairs from the estuary

to delta plain facies were measured, and they were correlated with the values from transgressive lagoon

sediments [4]. Using the chronological change in the reservoir effect, the Miyazaki plain sediments will bealso correlated with the Holocene sediments from the other coastal area around southwestern Japan [5,6,7]. This

study was partially funded by the Kakenhi grant number JP18H01310 from the Japan Society for the Promotionof Science.

Keywords: Reservoir effect; radiocarbon dating; Miyazaki, lagoon
References[1]Nagaoka, The Quaternary Research (Daiyonki Kenkyu) 25 (1986) 139-163.
[2]Hasegawa et al., Chikyu monthly/special 69 (2018) 55-63.

[3]Nanayama & Maeno, Island Arc 28 (2019) e12291.
[4]Nakanishi et al., Radiocarbon (2019a) doi: 10.1017/RDC.2019.114.

[5]Nakanishi et al., Radiocarbon 59 (2017a) 423-434.
[6]Nakanishi et al., Radiocarbon 59 (2017b) 1737-1748.

[7]Nakanishi et al., Radiocarbon (2019b) doi: 10.1017/RDC.2019.129.

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Bomb Δ14C record of a Tridacna gigas from South China Sea:
chronology and paleoceanography studies
Chia Yen Lin, Hong Chun Li*
Department of Geosciences, National Taiwan University, Taipei 106, Taiwan*Corresponding author. E-mail: hcli1960@ntu.edu.tw
A Tridacna gigas shell collected from South China Sea was used for studying “nuclear bomb 14C activity” insurface ocean water. The shell is about 20 kg in weight with 72 cm in length, 37 cm in width and max thicknessof 15 cm. Along a sampling track (Track A, 13 cm long) in the relatively transparent area, a total of 30 samples

have been taken for AMS 14C dating. Another sampling track (Track B, 6.5 cm long) was taken in the relatively

non-transparent area, with 13 AMS 14C dating samples. Up to date, a total of 21 AMS dates show that all samples
contain nuclear bomb signal (percentage of modern carbon (pMC) ranging from 102.9% to 114.94%). The
highest pMC (114.94%) appeared at 7.9 cm from the inner side of Track A, which reflected the year of 1975 C.E.

according to the Δ14C curves of coral records in South China Sea. Based on the Δ14C value of the oldest layer(outer most part) of the shell, being 62.9‰, the shell should be younger than 1964 C.E.. Thus, the shell would

provide an about 50-year record. Interestingly, a Δ14C trough appeared at 4.5 cm from the inner side of Track

A, which may indicate a Δ14C depletion of the surface seawater due to lower 14C water mixing. 210Pb dating on

the shell shows very low 210Pb activity, so that no chronology information from the 210Pb dating. Future works of
Mg/Ca, Sr/Ca, δ18O and δ13C as well as lamination counting will help us to understand years, surface seawatertemperature, and ocean current mixing in the study area.
Keywords: Bomb carbon; AMS dating; Biological shell

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Small sample graphitization for 14C dating using EA-AGE3 at JAEA-AMS-TONO
Takahiro Watanabe1*, Yoko Saito-Kokubu1, Natsuko Fujita1, Chika Ishizaka2, Tomohiro Nishio1,2,
Akihiro Matsubara1,2, Masayasu Miyake2, Nobuhiro Isozaki2, Akimitsu Nishizawa2

1
2

Tono Geoscience Center, Japan Atomic Energy Agency
PESCO Co., Ltd.

*Corresponding author. E-mail: watanabe.takahiro46@jaea.go.jp
Geochronological and geochemical data play an important role in consideration for the possibility of

deep underground utilization such as geological disposal. Accelerator Mass Spectrometry is widely used forradiometric dating of geological samples. However, improvement in efficiency of sample preparation techniques
and trace analysis are needed for high-time resolution dataset. To improve in efficiency of sample preparation

techniques and trace analysis, the elemental analyzer and automated graphitization equipment 3 (EA-AGE3;

EA, Elementar AG; AGE3, IonPlus AG) were installed at the Toki Geochronology Research Laboratory, Tono
Geoscience Center, Japan Atomic Energy Agency. In this study, small amount graphitization of international

standard reference materials (IAEA-C4, C5, C7 and NIST-SRM4990C, less than 0.1 mg carbon) for radiocarbon

dating was tested by the EA-AGE3. For the trace analysis, radiocarbon measurements were performed by the
AMS system (15SDH-2, National Electrostatics Corporation). In this study, AMS beam adjustment was also
performed with small amount standards. The radiocarbon concentrations of the standard materials were good

agreement with the consensus values by the international radiocarbon conference within ±2 sigma [1,2].
Because the volume of geological samples is usually limited, small sample graphitization is valuable technique.

These results indicate that the EA-AGE3 could be a rapid and useful method for preparation in the small amountanalyses by AMS.

Keywords: JAEA-AMS-TONO; 14C; AGE3; EA; Graphitization
References[1] Stuiver, Radiocarbon 25 (1983) 793-795.
[2] Rozanski et al., Radiocarbon 34 (1992) 506-519.

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1.2-MV Carbon AMS Experiment in KOMAC-AMS
Kye-Ryung Kim, Yeong Su Ha, Kyumin Choe, Yong-Sub Cho
Korea Multi-purpose Accelerator Complex, Korea Atomic Energy Research Institute*Corresponding author. E-mail: kimkr@kaeri.re.kr
The accelerator mass spectrometry(AMS) facility at Seoul National University (SNU-AMS) was transferred

to Gyeongju KOMAC (Korea Mluti-purpose Accelerator Complex) and is under commissioning. However, they
have not been in operation for a long time and some equipments are aging, failing to increase the acceleration

voltage of the tandem accelerator (3-MV Tandetron, HVE) to the rated voltage of 3 MV. Increasing to 3 MV

required time for replacement of some parts, it was decided to perform AMS at low terminal voltage to verify theperformance of the equipment and the availability of the sample preparation system. Carbon +3 is advantageous
above 2 MV, while carbon +2 shows higher charge exchange efficiency below 2 MV. Therefore, the terminal

voltage was set to 1.2 MV at the maximum charge exchange efficiency for carbon +2, and carbon AMS was

performed. With the newly prepared chemistry lab at KOMAC and the sample preparation system relocated fromSeoul National University, we are producing targets for standard carbon samples such as oxalic acid. This poster
presents the results of this experiment and discusses the usefulness of the prepared facility.
Keywords: SNU-AMS; KOMAC-AMS; Carbon AMS

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AMS Preteatment Method for Biosample Analysis in KRICP
Chang Su Yeo1, Jin Ho Song1, Stephen Dueker1,2 and Jae Hoon Shim1*
12

Korea Institutes of Radiological & Medical Sciences, 75, Nowon-ro, Nowon-gu, Seoul, Korea
BIO-CORE, 20, Digital-ro 31-gil, Guro-gu, Seoul, Korea*Corresponding author. E-mail: jshim@kirams.re.kr
We describe all the major procedures adopted by the Korea Radio Isotope Center for Pharmaceuticals (KRICP)
for the generation of graphite in sealed tubes, largely following the method of Ognibene et al.[1] This processincluded the whole procedure, sample preparation, graphite production, accelerator mass spectrometry (AMS)

measuremnt and data processing, but this presentation focuses on chemical pretreatment methods that applies
to both our research and commercial activities. There are several steps to chemical pretreatment methods suchas sample pretreatment, sealing and oxidation, CO2 transfer, reduction and targeting. We have studied someconditions by changing the oxidation and reduction parameters. Experiments were conducted to find the optimal

conditions by varying the amount of copper oxide during the oxidation process. In the reduction process, theexperiment was carried out while varying the amounts of zinc and iron. Reduction was carried out using various
amounts of zinc and iron. Finally, we reduce the CO2 trap time by changing the system to a CO2 transfer device.

These procedures led to an optimal sample for 14C AMS analysis. With optimization of our chemical ratios andtime parameters, we can easily make 300 samples per week using a single operator. The KIRAMS laboratory
provides complete analytical services, including advice on sample selection, sample preparation and analysisof the resulting 14C data, and will be mergeing these tools with more traditional tools to create a complete
microdosing/microtracing center.

Keywords: 14C; pre-treatment; AMS; microdosing
References[1]T. Ognibene et al., Anal. Chem. 75 (2003) 2192–2196.

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Assessing problems of AMS 14C dating on peat samples by dating Carex species
Sneha Kashyap1, Hong-Chun Li1*, Hai-Long Zhang2, Zi-Cheng Wang2, Xiao-Yan Ning
Department of Geosciences, National Taiwan University (NTU), Taipei 106, Taiwan

1
2

Key Laboratory of Marine Chemistry Theory and Technology of the Ministry of Education, Ocean Universityof China (OUC), Qingdao, Shandong 266100, China*Corresponding author. E-mail: hcli1960@ntu.edu.tw
JCA core (92 cm) taken from Jinchuan Mire in Jilin Province, China for studying environmental changes

during the late Holocene. AMS 14C, 210Pb and 137Cs methods provide average 0.09 cm/yr sedimentation rate overthe last 1050 years. Previous AMS 14C dating on mixed Sphagnum and herb plants of JCA showed significant
lower Δ14C values than the corresponding atmospheric Δ14C during 1950-2017 CE, with the maximum δ14C of
160±1.5‰ at 6.5 cm depth. In this study, Carex lehmanii has been picked-up from every cm of JCA for AMS

14

C dating. A total of 51 successful dates from 45 horizons of JCA were generated. Four samples dated by bothAMS Labs at NTU and OUC, showed similar results. Other 13 horizons dated by OUC Lab fit with the resultsof NTUAMS Lab very well, indicating the results are reliable. All samples above 12 cm depth contain “bombC” signal, with the highest δ14C value of 216.8±1.7‰ at 5.5 cm depth and larger fluctuations than previous

14

results. Below 21 cm depth, the chronology of JCA was determined by Bacon model using 12 AMS 14C dates ofplant remains (Li et al., 2019). All 14C dates of Carex samples above 85 cm depth are older (5 to 219 years range)
than the modeled ages at the corresponding depths. Below 85 cm depth (850 yr BP), five Carex dates not only
younger than the modeled ages at the corresponding depths, but also younger than the Carex dates between 80

cm and 85 cm depths. Our hypothesis on the discrepancies between the Carex ages and the modeled ages is thatthe old carbon in the dissolved CO2 (DIC) uptaken by Carex is a function of (1) decomposition of peat plants indeeper layers which is related to plant species and climatic conditions; (2) groundwater table which is related toclimatic conditions and drilling sites; (3) micro–topographies (hummocks, lawns and hollows) of the peat growth.

Since JCA was from shallow site at NE Jinchuan Mire, it is possible that the above factors were not in favor ofold carbon influence about 850 yr BP. As the peat continuously accumulated, factors (1) and (2) would cause
variation of old carbon influence on the Carex 14C ages. The Carex AMS 14C dates will help us not only to refine
previous age model of JCA, but also to understand hydroclimatic information recorded by JCA.
Keywords: 14C dating; peat; Carex; NE China

83

The 8th East Asia Accelerator Mass Spectrometry Symposium

General AMS application
P-41

Chronology construction of a stalagmite from southwest China
by 14C, 230Th/U and 210Pb dating methods
Ming-Qiang Liang1, Hong-Chun Li1*, Horng-Sheng Mii2, Zhi-Bang Ma3
1
2
3

Department of Geosciences, National Taiwan University, Taipei 106, Taiwan

Department of Earth Sciences, National Taiwan Normal University, Taipei 106, Taiwan

Key laboratory of Cenozoic Geology and Environment Institute of Geology and Geophysics Chinese Academyof Science, Beijing 100029, China*Corresponding author. E-mail: hcli1960@ntu.edu.tw
A 65 cm long stalagmite, MJP, from Majiaping town in central Guizhou of China was first dated by MC-ICPMS 230Th/U dating method. The 230Th/U dates from 5 horizons show ages ranging from 4596±1257 to 9320

±8622 a, with very large uncertainties and some reversal sequences due to low U content (238U = 63-96 ppb) andhigh Th content (232Th = 4.3-117 ppb). The stalagmite is not suitable for 230Th/U dating. A total of 88 samples
with sampling thickness of 1-2 mm were taken from various depths of MJP for AMS 14C dating. Up to date,48 successful 14C dating results show that calibrated 14C ages range from 1445±110 yr BP to 8595±190 yr BP,

with very good age sequences (only 2 dates have slightly reversal). These dates form a polynomial equation: y =1675+27x-0.0483x2+0.000036x3 (R2 = 0.996), where y is age (yr BP) and x is depth (mm). The high R2 value

indicates that dead carbon influence (DCI) was relatively constant, and the AMS 14C dating results are muchbetter than those of 230Th/U dating results. However, the 14C dating indicates that the surface stalagmite has anage of 1445±110 yr BP. Whether this is an initial age caused by DCI through the stalagmite remains a question.

A total of 14 210Pb measurements (Po method) from the top 20 mm show that only the surface (0-1 mm) sample
has significant 210Pb activity (2.923 dpm/g). Two 210Pb measurements are 0.48 and 0.45 dpm/g at 1-2 mm and3-4 mm depths, respectively. The rest of 210Pb measurements are less than 0.1 dpm/g which is the detection limit.
The 210Pb dating results cannot provide a confident decay trend. In fact, the 14C ages show three linear trends:

0-3 mm (1450-2000 yr BP) with a slope of 167.2 yr/mm (R2 = 0.909); 3-200 mm (2100-5560 yr BP) with a slopeof 19.5 yr/mm (R2 = 0.984); and 200-650 mm (5850-8600 yr BP) with a slope of 6.6 yr/mm (R2 = 0.982). We
suspect that the initial 1450-yr 14C age only appears in the upper 3 mm layer in the stalagmite. The 14C dates areable to establish the chronology of the stalagmite. The higher growth rate of the stalagmite during the middle
Holocene suggested that the climatic conditions were wet and warm.
Keywords: Stalagmite; 14C; 230Th/U; 210Pb; Chronology

84

The 8th East Asia Accelerator Mass Spectrometry Symposium

General AMS application
P-42

Using 14C dated stalagmite records to reconstruct paleoclimate change in South Siberia
You-Syuan Chen1, Hong-Chun Li1*, Jian-Jun Yin2, Horng-Sheng Mii3, Tatiana Blyakharchuk4, Chuan-Chou Shen1
1234

Department of Geosciences, National Taiwan University, No.1 Roosevelt Road, Section 4, Taipei 10617, Taiwan
Key Laboratory of Karst Dynamics, Institute of Karst Geology, CAGS, Guilin, China
Department of Earth Sciences, National Taiwan Normal University, Taiwan

Institute of monitoring of climatic and ecological systems of the Siberian Branch of Russian Academy of science(IMCES SB RAS). Akademicheski ave 10/3. Tomsk 634034. Russia*Corresponding author. E-mail: hcli1960@ntu.edu.tw
The high latitude region such as Siberia is very sensitive to climate change, especially under the current

warming. However, the human impact and natural variability of the climatic changes in Siberian regions are
not clear due to limited high-resolution records. Thus, paleoclimate reconstruction for understanding naturalvariabilities and human influences in such regions is important. In this study, we report three stalagmite recordsof two caves (L1 and L2 from Lunnaya Cave: 52º40.729ʼN, 88º43.854ʼE, 481 m a.s.l.; H1 from Nadezhda Cave:

52º38.872ʼN, 88º39.194ʼE, 550 m a.s.l.) in Altai mountain, South Siberia. Very low U content (238U <100 ppb)
and radiogenic Th content (230Th /232Th < 10) of stalagmites H1 and L2 resulted in unsuccessful 230Th/U dating.

Instead, we used AMS 14C dating (totally 64 dates) to construct the age models. In addition, we used 210Pb dating,

230

Th/U dating, and average growth rate method to estimate the dead carbon influence (DCI) in the stalagmites.

After removing the DCI, these three stalagmites covered a depositional record of the last 13 thousand years. The

growth rates of these stalagmites ranged from 0.02 mm/yr to 0.4 mm/yr under different conditions, showing fast
growth rates under warm/wet conditions and low rates or even hiatuses during cold and dry episodes. Base on thegrowth rates and stable isotope records, we identified three major cold and dry periods (5.1-6.7 kyr BP, 1.6-2.5
kyr BP, and Little Ice Age) and two major warm and wet periods (13 kyr BP, and 1.0-1.5 kyr BP). The cold anddry conditions during the above periods may link to the enhance of Siberia High. The 2.5 kyr BP cold and dry
event was probably the cause of the decline of Scythian Culture.
Keywords: Stalagmite; AMS 14C dating; Paleoclimate; Siberia

85

The 8th East Asia Accelerator Mass Spectrometry Symposium

NOTES

86

The 8th East Asia Accelerator Mass Spectrometry Symposium

NOTES

87

The 8th East Asia Accelerator Mass Spectrometry Symposium

NOTES

88

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○ スマートフォンやタブレットからも情報を確認できます。
○ インターネットに接続すれば、社外からも確認できます。
○ 災害時などに人の居場所や入退情報が一目で確認できます。

手間をかけずに
入退室時間と線量を記録したい

在室者表示例2019年7月9日 火曜日

現在の在室者数 ４名◆ 利 用 シ ー ン

氏 名〇サーバー室や特殊管理区域等の在室者管理〇緊急・非常時の在室人数や在室者の管理〇誰がどの部屋に滞在しているかの管理〇離れた場所の在室状況の管理〇滞在時間の管理〇最終退室者の管理〇入室が「出来る人」「出来ない人」の管理〇入室が「出来る時間」「出来ない時間」の管理

入室時間 入室場所

近藤太郎

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Corporate Information
PESCO supports the operation of the Pelletron accelerator and the dating analysis at The Tono
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