䝇䝔䜱䞁䞉䜶䜲䝗䝸䜰䞁

Stine Willum Adrian⢭Ꮚᥦ౪䛾䛧䛯䛯䛛䛺ᐇ㊶䇶ᅜቃ䛻䛚䛡䜛೔⌮䇷

Subversive Practices of Donor Sperm 䇵 Ethics on The Border੠ࢢ఑‫ڛ‬͹͖ͪͪ͢͵ࣰભʗࠅ‫ڧ‬Ͷ͕͜Ζྛཀྵʗ
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8

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Issues Regarding Commercial Sperm Banks from The Ethical, Gender and Social Perspectiveཤ༽ΝΌ͛Ζഃշద͵ࣰભʤఴ֋ʥΝ়ղ͢ɼͨΗΝ௪͢ͱɼҲൢ͹٠࿨͹஦Ͳྛཀྵͳ೟ࣟ͠ΗΖ‫و‬൥ద͵ިম͗ʹ͹Γ͑ͶߨΚΗͱ͏Ζ͹͖Ͷͯ͏ͱ͕࿫͢͢Ήͤɽͨ͢ͱɼʹ͑ΏͮͱυϱϜʖέ͹੠ࢢώϱέ͹੠ࢢ఑‫͗ڛ‬৶བΝಚͱͪ͘͹͖ɼΉͪࠅͶΓͮͱҡ͵Ζ೟͍ࣟ͗Ζ஦Ͳʹ͹Γ͑Ͷ‫و‬൥ద͵ިম͗ߨΚΗɼͨΗ͗ʹ͹Γ͑Ͷ͞ΗΉͲ͹‫ྭ׵‬Ν෶ͤΓ͑͵ࣰભ΃ͳͯ͵͗ͮͱ͘ͱ͏Ζ͹͖Ώɼ఑‫ڛ‬੠ࢢΏਫ਼৫ςʖϨηφͪͬ͗ࠅ‫ڧ‬Νӿ͓Ζ͞ͳͲًͮ͞ͱ͏Ζ࿨૬ͲͺɼʹΞ͵‫و‬൥͹รԿً͗͘Ζ͹͖ͳ͏͑͞ͳͶͯ͏ͱ΍͕࿫͢͢Ήͤɽ‫ڂݜ‬͹๏๑ͺɼ੠ࢢώϱέͲ੠ࢢ͗౜݃ฯଚ͠Ηɼ෾ྪ͠ΗΖͳ͞Θ͖ΔɼͨΗ͗੊ֆద͵൤ജ΃ͳఴ֋͠Ηͱ͏͚ΉͲΝ௧੽͢Ήͪ͢ɽυϱϜʖέɼϦʖϫρϏ࿊߻ʤ̜̬ʥ
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͹‫و‬੏͹รߍͶ੠ࢢώϱέͺଲԢͤΖචགྷ͍͗ΕɼͨΗͶԢͣͪ੠ࢢ͹ঐ඾Կ͹ࣰભΏ੠ࢢ͹ਫ਼ࢊ͗‫ݳ‬Ηͱ͘Ήͪ͢ɽΉͪࢴ͗ϓΡʖϩχϭʖέΝ͢ͱ͏ͪέϨωρέ͹ηνρϓΏਫ਼৫ҫྏΝ‫ٽ‬ΌͱΏͮͱ͚ΖਕʓͶ΢ϱνϑϣʖ௒ࠬΝߨ͏Ήͪ͢ɽ͞͹௒͖ࠬΔɼ‫و‬੏͹รԿͺɼυϱϜʖέ͹෈ೝ࣑ྏέϨωρέ͹఑‫ڛ‬੠ࢢ͹ཤ༽Ͷ͕͏ͱ΍॑གྷ͵ༀׄΝՎͪ͢ͱ͏Ζ͞ͳ͗Κ͖ΕΉͪ͢ɽࣰ͑ͪ͢͞ৄద͵ࣁྋͶ‫ͱ͏Ͱخ‬ɼຌๅࠄͲͺɼ੠ࢢ఑‫ڛ‬ΝΌ͛Ζިম͗ɼΩϪϱʀώϧρχ͗͏͑ͳ͞Θ͹෼࣯దʀ‫ݶ‬ઈదߨҟɼͤ͵Κͬ੼Ξ๧Ν͚ͯΖͪΌ͹ਐରɼٗढ़ɼ‫و‬൥͗Ҳ஗ͤΖͳ͞ΘͶ͕͏ͱɼ‫و‬൥੓͗ʹ͹Γ͑Ͷ࠸ߑ஛͠ΗΖ͹͖Νࢴͪͬ͗ཀྵմͤΖͪΌ͹Ҳͯ͹伶ͳ͵Ζ͞ͳΝࣖ͢ͱ͏Ήͤɽਫ਼৫ٗढ़ͶͺࠫพదͶ͵ΖՆ೵੓΍͍ΕΉͤ͗ɼਫ਼৫ٗढ़Ν௪͢ͱ੊ֆΝߡ͓Ζͳɼʹ͑ͪ͢ΔາཔΝΓΕ໎Ζ͚ࠫพ͹ঙ͵͏੊ֆͶร͓ͱ͏͚͞ͳ͗Ͳ͘Ζ͹͖ɼͨ͹ϐϱφΝ༫͓ͱ͚ΗΖ͞ͳͶ΍͵ΕΉͤɽ$EVWUDFW
Sperm donation is an old reproductive technology. However, as it challenges preconceived
understandings of family, sexuality, race, normality, kinship and relatedness, thetechnology continues to create political, ethical and regulative controversies globally.
Questions such as to whom sperm donation should be available, how should sperm donors be
categorized and selected, how can issues of kinship and relatedness be organized, and how
can donation be performed without health risks, continues to be raised. As Danish private
sperm banking has emerged, these negotiations are entangled with the global sales of sperm
across national borders, and fertility travelers crossing of borders to obtain treatments.
Drawing on two ethnographic fieldworks ten years apart in a Danish sperm bank and in
Danish fertility clinics, this presentation will inquire into how normative negotiations, that in
public debates are perceived as ethics, takes place through subversive practices of sales anduses of donor sperm across the Danish border. In this presentation I am going to unpack how
these normative negotiations take place asking: How do different perceptions of what
constitute responsible sperm donation unfold through normative negotiations and subversive
practices, and how does changes of norms take place as controversies emerge when donatedsperm and fertility travelers cross borders?
9䝇䝔䜱䞁䞉䜶䜲䝗䝸䜰䞁

Stine Willum Adrian⢭Ꮚᥦ౪䛾䛧䛯䛯䛛䛺ᐇ㊶䇶ᅜቃ䛻䛚䛡䜛೔⌮䇷

Subversive Practices of Donor Sperm 䇵 Ethics on The Border

Methodologically, I have followed the sperm in the bank from cryopreservation andcategorization to the global sales of sperm. The practices of commodification and productionof sperm has emerged as the banks have had to navigate in changing regulations in Denmark,the EU and abroad. The regulative changes likewise have played an important role in how
sperm donation is used in the Danish fertility clinics where I have carried out fieldwork andinterviewed staff and fertility travelers seeking treatment. Drawing on this empirical material,
I show how negotiations of sperm donation enable us to understand how QRUPDWLYLW\bV
constantly becomes reconfigured in the meeting of bodies, technologies and norms of making
babies, or what Karen Barad has termed material-discursive practices. At the same time as
this presentation is illustrative of how reproductive technologies include discriminatory
potentials, conceiving the world through reproductive technologies also raise questions thatshow that worldings may take place in promising and less discriminatory ways.

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10

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Issues Regarding Commercial Sperm Banks from The Ethical, Gender and Social Perspectiveؔ͹ਕ޽द੠ʤ',ʥͶ‫ͱؖ͢‬ͺɼυϱϜʖέͫ͜Ͳ͵͚ք֐Ͳ΍͏͚͖ͯ͹รԿ͍͗ΕΉͪ͢ɽࢴͺ੠ࢢώϱέ͹έϨΨηʀ΢ϱνʖψεϥψϩͳ͏͑ͳ͞ΘͲɼΦηόήϧϓΡρέ ຿ଔࢿָ͹෾໼͹௒ࠬΝ࠸;࢟ΌͪΚ͜Ͳͤ͗ɼͨ͹ͳ͘Ͷɼ͞͹੠ࢢώϱέ͹‫و‬ໝ͗֨୉ͪͫ͢͜Ͳͺ͵͚ɼࣰࡏͶࣰࢬ͠Ηͱ͏Ζ͞ͳΏࡠ‫ࣙۂ‬ର΍୉͚͘รΚͮͱ͏Ζ͞ͳͶ‫͘Ͱـ‬Ήͪ͢ɽ͞͹੠ࢢώϱέʤέϨΨηʀ΢ϱνʖψεϥψϩʥ͹ϧϱοϩʖϞͲɼࢴ͗ͬΒͮͳαʖϐʖΝӁΊ͵͗Δ͚ͯΘ͏Ͳ͏Ζͳɼηνρϓ͹̏ਕ͗ࢴ͹Ά͑ͶཔΉ͢ͱɼ࠹ۛͲͺέϨωρέͫ͜Ͳ͵͚ͱɼঃ੓ΏΩρϕϩͳ͏ͮͪ‫ݺ‬ਕ͹‫ٮޒ‬Ͷ΍੠ࢢΝ൅ૻ͢ͱ͏ͱɼʹ͑Ώͮͱ‫ݺ‬ਕ͹‫ޒ‬‫ٮ‬Ͷ੠ࢢΝ൤ജ͢ͱ͏Ζ͹͖ͳ͏ͮͪΓ͑͵࿫Ν͢ͱ͚ΗΉͪ͢ɽ͞͹ηνρϓͺɼ͑ͪ͢͞੠
ࢢ͹͞ͳΝɼ๼ԦͲΓ͚எΔΗͱ͏Ζ ',< ͹οΥʖϱవ͹娖-HP RJ )L[|͵Ξͫͳ৓஌Ν‫͏ͱͮݶ‬Ήͪ͢ɽ͞͹੠ࢢώϱέ͗  ೧ͶɼΓ͑Ώ͚ ',< ν΢ϕ͹੠ࢢ͹ঐ඾Ν֋൅͢ͱ൤ജ࢟͢Όͪͳ͏͑͹ͺો੘Δ͢͏͞ͳͫͳɼࢴͺ൶͹৓஌Ͷ঺͏͵͗ΔɼͨΞ͵͞ͳΝࢧͮͱ͏Ήͪ͢ɽͨ͹ࠔԦय࿊߻ʤ(8ʥͲͺɼҫࢥͶ൤ജ͠Ηͪ఑‫ڛ‬੠ࢢͺɼਕ͹ࡋ๖ͳ͢ͱ೟ࣟ͠ΗΉͪ͗͢ɼ‫ݺ‬ਕͶ൤ജ͠Ηͪ৖߻ͺঐ඾ͳ͢ͱ೟ࣟ͠ΗɼͨΗͩΗҡ͵Ζ‫و‬ଉ͗న༽͠Ηͱ͏Ήͪ͢ɽ(8 ͗અཱི͠Ηͪ໪ద͹ҲͯͶɼՅ໏ࠅ͹ؔͲͺࣙ༟Ͷঐ඾ΝҢಊͤΖ͞ͳ͗Ͳ͘ΖΓ͑ͶͤΖͳ͏͑͞ͳ͍͗ΕΉͪ͢ɽͲͤ͹Ͳɼଡ͚͹ࠅ͹෈ೝ࣑ྏέϨωρέͲ࣑ྏΝण͜Ζ͞ͳ͗Ͳ͘͵͏ϪθϑΠϱΏεϱήϩ͹ঃ੓Ͷɼ͞͹੠ࢢͳ͏͑ঐ඾Ν߻๑దͶ൤ജͤΖ͞ͳ͗Ͳͪ͘Κ͜ͲͤɽϓΥϝωηφ‫ؖ‬࿊͹ช‫ݛ‬Ν‫ݡ‬Ήͤͳɼࣙ୒Ͳߨ͑द੠ͳ͏͑͹ͺࣰͺੴ͖ΔߨΚΗͱͪٗ͘ढ़
Ͳ͍ΕɼҫྏॊࣆंΏՊ෗ௗ੏ౕ΃͹ேકͲ͍Ζͳ‫ݶ‬ΚΗͱ͏Ήͪ͢ɽͨ͹ࠔɼਫ਼৫‫;ٶ‬Ҫఽࢢ޽ָͶఏ߇ͤΖϓΥϝωηφ͹ࠅࡏϋρφϭʖέૌ৭ʰϓΡϱϪʖζʱʤ),155$*(ʥͺɼ֦ࠅͲ‫׈‬൅͵ϓΥϝωθϞӣಊΝఴ֋͢ɼ৿͢͏ਫ਼৫ٗढ़࣏͗ʓͳ֋൅͠Ηͱ͏ΖࣆସΝ൹൓͢ͱ͏Ήͪ͢ɽͲͤ͗Ҳ๏Ͳͺɼͨ͹ϟϱώʖ͗ϪθϑΠϱΏಢਐঃ੓Ͷ৿ળ͵੠ࢢΝ఑‫ͤڛ‬Ζ஋੓͹ูॄΝૌ৭͢ͱ‫׈‬ಊ͢ͱ͏ͪ͞ͳ΍Γ͚எΔΗͱ͏Ήͤɽࢴࣙਐ΍ɼࣙ୒Ͳ͹ࣙ‫ހ‬द੠Ͷ‫ؖ‬࿊ͤΖϓΥϝωηφ͹ྼ࢛Ͷͯ͏ͱஎͮͱ͏ͪ͹Ͳɼͨ͹౲࣎ͺ͑͞͏ͮͪ ',< ν΢ϕ͹৿͢͏੠ࢢঐ
඾ͳ͏͑΍͹ΝɼҫࢥΏਫ਼৫ٗढ़͹֋൅Ͷ‫ߨͱؖ͢‬ΚΗͱ͏ΖϓΥϝωηφ͹൹൓ͳಋͣΓ͑Ͷɼࣙ‫ހ‬द੠Ͳ͘Ζঐ඾ͳ͢ͱ͹੠ࢢͺ୦ҫྏԿͳ͏͑Γ͑ͶΊ͵ͦΖ͹Ͳͺ͵͏͖ͳࢧͮͪΕ͢ͱ͏Ήͪ͢ɽͲͺɼࣙ୒Ͳ͹ࣙ‫ހ‬द੠ͺ੠ࢢࢊ‫ۂ‬͹ঐ‫ۂ‬ԿͶ‫ࠒ͘ת‬ΉΗͱɼͨ͹੕࣑దՆ೵੓Νࣨͮͱ͢Ήͮͪ͹Ͳ͢Β͖͑ɽ͞Η͗ʹ͹Γ͑ͶรΚͮͱ͏͖ͮͪͳ͏͑͞ͳͺΉͪ‫͕Ͳޛ‬࿫͢͢Ήͤ͗ɼ݃࿨͖Δ‫ͻ͓ݶ‬ɼ͑͞͏ͮͪ ',< ν΢ϕ͹੠ࢢঐ඾ͳ͏͑͹ͺɼϦʖϫρϏ಼Ͳ͖͵Ε୉͘͵੕࣑ద࿨૬͹దͳ͵ΕΉͪ͢ɽυϱϜʖέ͹఑‫ڛ‬੠ࢢͺɼυϱϜʖέʀυδ΢ϱʤ'DQLVK'HVLJQʥͳ͖ɼϪβͳ͖ɼ͍Ζ͏ͺϗʖαϱͳ͖ɼͨ͑͏ͮͪ΍͹ͳดΞͲࠅࡏదͶΓ͚எΔΗͪ༎ड़ঐ඾Ͷ͵ͮͱ͏Ήͤɽͳͺ‫ݶ‬ͮͱ΍ΏͺΕ఑‫ڛ‬੠ࢢͺҲൢద͵ঐ඾ͳͺҡ͵ΕΉͤɽ੠ࢢώϱέͳ఑‫ڛ‬੠ࢢͳ͏͑͹ͺඉ৙Ͷ߶ౕͶ઒໵Կ͠Ηͱɼ͖͢΍ϩʖοϱԿ͠Ηͱ͏Ήͤ͗ɼυϱϜʖέͫ͜Ͳ͵͚ଠ͹ࠅͲ΍ɼࠕͲ΍੕࣑ɼྛཀྵɼ‫و‬੏Ͷͯ͏ͱ͹࿨૬͗କ͏ͱ͏Ήͤɽͨ͹ഐ‫ܢ‬Ͷͺɼ఑‫ڛ‬੠ࢢΝ࢘༽ͤΖͳ͏͑͞ͳͺɼՊଔɼιέεϣΠϨτΡɼਕझɼਜ਼৙੓ɼ਎ଔͶͯ͏ͱɼࠕΉͲ͍ͮͪ઎೘؏Ͷே΋΍͹Ͳ͍Εɼ৙Ͷഓ۰ࢢ͗મ୔͠Ηɼχψʖ͹ଚࡑΝߡ͓ͥͶ࢘༽ͤΖ͞ͳ͗Ͳ͘Ζ͖ΔͲͤɽ఑‫ڛ‬੠ࢢΝ࢘༽ͤΖ৏Ͳɼ৯ʓ͵ٛ໲͗ड़ͱ͘Ήͤɽྭ͓ͻɼ੠ࢢ఑‫ڛ‬Νཤ༽Ͳ͘Ζਕ͹ড়݇Ώɼ੠ࢢχψʖ͹෾ྪʀમ୔͹๏๑ͳ͏͑͹ͺʹ͍͑Ζ΄͖͘ɼ਎ଔ‫ܐؖ‬Ώਕͳਕͳ͹‫ؖ‬࿊੓͹໲ୌ11䝇䝔䜱䞁䞉䜶䜲䝗䝸䜰䞁

Stine Willum Adrian⢭Ꮚᥦ౪䛾䛧䛯䛯䛛䛺ᐇ㊶䇶ᅜቃ䛻䛚䛡䜛೔⌮䇷

Subversive Practices of Donor Sperm 䇵 Ethics on The Borderͳ͏͑͹ͺʹ͹Γ͑Ͷ੖ཀྵͪ͢Δྒྷ͏͹͖ɼχψʖ͹ಙ໌੓ΝगΖ΄͖͘ʹ͖͑ɼ݊߃৏͹Ϩηέ͵͢Ͷχψʖ఑‫ڛ‬Νण͜ΖͶͺʹ͑ͪ͢Δྒྷ͏͹͖ɼ͑͞͏ͮͪ՟ୌ͗͏ͯ΍ड़ͱ͘Ήͤɽ͵͹Ͳɼࠕյ͹ϕϪκϱτʖεϥϱͲͺɼࢴͺ͞Η͖Δफ़΄Ζٛ໲Ͷͯ͏ͱɼ͕࿫Ν͢ͱ͏ͪ͘͏
ͳࢧ͏Ήͤɽ
ࢴ͗‫ৼؖ‬Ν์͏ͱ͏Ζ‫ڂݜ‬τʖϜʗ‫و‬൥ΝΌ͛Ζިমͬ͘Ξͳ੻೜Ν࣍ͮͱ੠ࢢ఑‫ڛ‬Νߨ͑ͪΌͶͺɼ༹ʓ͵ߑ੔གྷોΝߡ͓͵͜Ηͻ͏͜ΉͦΞɽͪͫ͞͹ߑ੔གྷોͶ‫ؖ͢‬Ή͢ͱ΍ɼΏͺΕҡ͵Ζқ‫͗ݡ‬ଡ਼͍Εɼ͞͹Γ͑͵қ‫ݡ‬ͺ͏ΚΑΖॊ
པ͖Δ͍Ζ‫و‬൥Ͷ‫͚Ͱخ‬Γ͑͵ިমͳ͖ɼ͍Ζ͏ͺॊཔ͹‫و‬൥ΝշͤΓ͑͵ߨҟͳ͏͑΍͹Ν௪ͣͱɼʹ͹Γ͑Ͷқ‫ॄ͗ݡ‬༁ɼ͍Ζ͏ͺ෾͖Ηͱ͏͚͹͖Ν‫͚͏ͱݡ‬චགྷ͍͗ΕΉͤɽΉͪɼ఑‫ڛ‬੠ࢢΏ෈ೝ͹࣑ྏΝण͜Γ͑ͳͤΖਕ͗ࠅ‫ڧ‬Νӿ͓ͪͳ͘Ͷɼ౲ષͨΗͶ߻Κͦͱ࿨૬ً͗͞
ΕɼͨΗͳͳ΍Ͷɼॊཔ͖Δ͍Ζ‫و‬൥ͳ͏͑΍͹͗ʹ͹Γ͑ͶรԿͤΖ͹͖ɼ͑͞͏ͮͪ͞ͳ͖
ΔΉ͕ͥ࿫ͪ͢͏ͳࢧ͏Ήͤɽࢴͺɼʰ‫و‬൥ΝΌ͛Ζިমʱɼͤ͵Κͬ఑‫ڛ‬੠ࢢͶΉͯΚΖ‫و‬൥ΝϗʖηͶͪ͢ިমͳ͏͑΍͹Ͷ‫͍͗ັڷ‬ΕΉͤɽͨΗͶͺ͏͚͖ͯཀྵ༟͍͗ͮͱɼΉͥɼ੠ࢢ఑‫ڛ‬Ͷ‫ͱؖ͢‬ɼࠅՊ੕ࡨͳ͏͑
΍͹͗ઊ͓ͥรԿ͢ͱ͏Ζ͖ΔͲͤɽΉͪɼ຿ؔ͹੠ࢢώϱέͺɼࣙ෾ͪͬ͹ജΕ৏͝Ν৵ͻͤͳ͘Ͷ๑ద‫و‬੏ͳ͏͑΍͹Ν͖͏͚͛ͮͪΕɼ͍Ζ͏ͺ͞͹๑ద‫و‬੏Ν൹൓͢Γ͑ͳͪ͢Ε΍͢Ήͤɽ͠ΔͶঃ੓ΏΩρϕϩ͗ɼࣙ෾ͪͬ͗ेΞͲ͏ΖࠅͲͺण͜Ζ͞ͳ͗Ͳ͘͵͏Γ͑͵࣑ྏɼ͍Ζ͏ͺ߻๑దͲͺ͵͏࣑ྏΝཤ༽͢Γ͑ͳ͢ͱɼࠅ‫ڧ‬Ώ‫ڧ‬ֆતΝӿ͓Ζͳ͏ͮͪ͞ͳ΍͍ΕΉͤɽͨ͢ͱ຿ؔ͹έϨωρέ͹ྡজ‫ݳ‬৖Ͳͺɼ࣑ྏ͹Ψϕεϥϱͳ͏͑ͫ͜Ͳͺ͵͚ͱɼʹ͹Γ͑͵ਕͶ࣑ྏΝ఑‫͖͘΄ͤڛ‬ɼͨ͹ড়݇Ͷͯ͏ͱΪ΢χϧ΢ϱΝࡠΖΚ͜Ͳͤ͗ɼͨ͞Ͳ΍༹ʓ͵ިম͗ߨΚΗΉͤɽͲͤ͹Ͳɼࢴͺ‫و‬൥ΝΌ͛ΖިমͶ‫ৼؖ‬Ν࣍ͮͱ͏ΉͤɽυϱϜʖέͳ͖ (8 ͲࣰࡏͶࣰࢬ͠Ηͱ͏ΖϕϫιηͺɼೖຌΝͺͣΌ੊ֆͲ΍ఴ֋͠Ηͱ͏ΉͤɽͲͤ͹Ͳɼ‫و‬൥ΝΌ͛Ζިমͺଡ͚͹৖߻ɼ‫ع‬ଚ͹‫و‬൥ΝഃշͤΖΓ͑͵ިম΃ͳรΚͮͱ͏͘ΉͤɽͲͺͨΗͺʹ͹Γ͑ͶรΚͮͱ͏͚͹Ͳ͢Β͑ɽͨΗΝմ͘໎͖ͤͪΌͶɼυϱϜʖέ͹఑‫ڛ‬੠ࢢͳ੠ࢢώϱέ͹ྼ࢛Ͷͯ͏ͱ঱఼Ν౲ͱͱɼΉ͕ͥ࿫ͪ͢͏ͳࢧ͏Ήͤɽ੠ࢢώϱέͶ‫ͱؖ͢‬ͺɼಝͶ༹ʓ͵෵ࡸ͵གྷો͗ʹ͹Γ͑Ͷ݃;෉͏ͱ͏Ζ͖ͳ͏͑͞ͳΝߡྂͤΖච
གྷ͍͗Ζ͖ࢧ͏ΉͤɽͨΗͶͯ͏ͱ΍ৰΗͱ͏͘Ήͤɽͨ͢ͱυϱϜʖέ͹੠ࢢώϱέ͹ήϫʖώϩԿ͹ྼ࢛ͺɼඉഓ۰ंؔ͹ਕ޽द੠Ͷ‫ؖ‬࿊͢ͱɼ‫و‬൥͹ިম͗ʹ͹Γ͑Ͷ‫ݳ‬Ηͱ͖ͪ͘Νߡ
͓ΖҲͯ͹ड़൅఼ͳ͢ͱɼͳͱ΍ྒྷ͏ࣆྭͶ͵Ζͳࢧ͏Ήͤ͹Ͳɼͨ͹͞ͳ΍մઈͪ͢͏ͳࢧ͏
ΉͤɽϓΥϝωηφՌָٗढ़‫͑͏ͳڂݜ‬෾໼͍͗ΕΉͤ͗ɼͨ͞Ͳ͹ࢴ͹‫ৼؖ‬ͺɼ‫و‬൥ΝΌ͛Ζިম
Ͳ໲ୌࢻ͠ΗΖɼՁΝ೟ΌΖ͹͖ɼ೟Ό͵͏͹͖ͳ͏ͮͪ٠࿨Ώɼ͍Ζ͏ͺͨ͹Γ͑͵಼༲͗ʹ͹Γ͑Ͷ͢ͱ٠ୌͶ৏͗ͮͱ͚Ζ͹͖ͳ͏͑͞ͳͲͤɽΉͪɼඉഓ۰ंؔ͹ਕ޽द੠ࣰ͗ભ͠Ηͪͳ͘ͶखΕ೘ΗΔΗΖ͞ͳΏഋঈ͠ΗΖ͞ͳ͗ɼ݃‫݃ͪͮ͏͑ʹۃ‬ՎΝ΍ͪΔͤՆ೵੓͍͗Ζ͹͖ɼͨ͑͏ͮͪͳ͞ΘͶ΍ࢴͺ‫͍͗ັڷ‬ΕΉͤɽ͞͹Γ͑Ͷࢴ͗‫ৼؖ‬Ν์͏ͱ͏Ζ͞ͳͶͯ͏ͱ৯ʓ͵͞ͳΝஎΖͪΌͶͺɼΦηόήϧϓΡʖ͹ϓΡʖϩχϭʖέʤࡠ‫ࡱ؏ۂ‬ʥͶௗ‫غ‬దͶ‫ؖ‬༫ʀॊࣆͤΖචགྷ͍͗ΕΉͤ͢ɼΉͪ࣎ؔ͹‫ܨ‬գͳͳ΍Ͷ‫و‬൥Ͷ‫ʹͱؖ͢‬͹Γ͑͵ިম͗͵͠Η
12

IGS 䜸䞁䝷䜲䞁䝉䝭䝘䞊䠄⏕Ṫ㡿ᇦ䠅䠎䠌䠎䠍ᖺ䠓᭶䠎᪥䠄㔠䠅㛤ദၟᴗⓗ⢭Ꮚ䝞䞁䜽䛻㛵䛩䜛ၥ㢟䇷೔⌮䞉䝆䜵䞁䝎䞊䞉♫఍ⓗഃ㠃䛛䜙䇷

Issues Regarding Commercial Sperm Banks from The Ethical, Gender and Social Perspectiveͱ͏͚͖ͳ͏͑͞ͳΝҲͯҲͯԣ͓͠ͱ͏͚චགྷ͍͗ΕΉͤɽύϧΤΥ΢ʤ'RQQD+DUDZD\ʥΏώϧρχʤ.DUHQ%DUDGʥͺɼ੊ֆͺ෼࣯దࢆຯ͵੊ֆͳ͢ͱड़‫ͤݳ‬Ζ͞ͳΝཀྵմͤΖΠϕϫʖοΝ๏๑࿨ͳ͢ͱࡀ༽͠Ηͪ๏ʓͲͪ͢͜ʹ΍ɼࢴͺ൶ঃͪͬ͹ཀྵ࿨Ͷঙ͵͖ΔͥӪ‫ڻ‬Νण͜ͱ͏Ήͤɽ఑‫ڛ‬੠ࢢͶ‫ͤؖ‬Ζ‫و‬൥ΝΌ͛Ζިম͹‫ڂݜ‬Ν௪͢ͱɼٗढ़ɼ΢ϱϓϧɼഓ۰ࢢɼηνρϓɼঃ੓ɼ࣑ྏ஦͹ঃ੓ͳΩρϕϩɼ‫ع‬੔εητϞͳϟυΡΠɼ͑͞͏ͮͪ΍͹͗ඉഓ۰ंؔ͹ਕ޽द੠͹ड़‫ݳ‬Ͷʹ͹Γ͑͵Ӫ‫ڻ‬Ν༫͓͖ͪͳ͏͑͞ͳΝࢴͺ‫ݗ‬౾͢Ήͪ͢ɽ͞͹Γ͑Ͷॊཔ͖Δग
ΔΗͱͪ͘‫و‬൥ͳ͏͑΍͹ͺɼ੠ࢢώϱέɼͨ͢ͱ੠ࢢ఑‫ࣰͪͮ͏ͳڛ‬ભΏߨҟͳ͏ͯ΍‫ؖ‬Κͮͱ͘ͱ͏Ήͤɽ۫ରదͶͺࠕյͺɼυϱϜʖέ͹੠ࢢώϱέͳ෈ೝ࣑ྏέϨωρέͲ  ೧ؔͳ͏͑‫ؔغ‬Νֶͱͱߨͮͪɼ್ͯ͹ϓΡʖϩχϭʖέ͹݃ՎͶ‫ͱ͏Ͱخ‬࿫Ν਒Όͪ͏ͳࢧ͏ΉͤɽυϱϜʖέ͹੠ࢢώϱέͬ͞Δͺࠕ͹υϱϜʖέ͹ɼ͍Ζ੠ࢢώϱέ͹༹ࢢ͵ΞͲͤ͜ʹ΍ɼ͞͞ͲߨΚΗΖघॳͺඉ৙Ͷ઒໵దͲͤɽ੠ࢢώϱέͺָਫ਼ΝูॄͤΖͪΌͶɼસͱ͹कགྷ͵୉ָ͍͗Ζ֙Ͷ‫ॶڂݜ‬Νॶ༙͢ͱ͏Ήͤɽ੊ֆ஦Ͷ੠ࢢΝ༎ड़ͤΖͪΌͶɼχψʖͺͬ͘Ξͳͪ͢ϕϫιηΝ‫ͱܨ‬મ୔͠Η͵͜Ηͻ͏͜ΉͦΞ͢ɼҪఽ੓࣮‫׳‬Ώɼ͍ͳ੓‫״‬ઝ঳͹ηέϨʖωϱή΍ण͜͵͜Ηͻ͵ΕΉͦΞɽͨΗͶɼ͞͹੠ࢢ͹඾࣯ɼͤ͵Κ࣯ͬͶͯ͏ͱͺɼ੠ࢢ͗౜݃͠ΗΖ઴‫ޛ‬Ͷ‫͠ৄݗ‬ΗΉͤɽ੠ࢢχψʖ͹੠ࢢ͹࣯͗ɼਅ੧ͪ͢ͳ͘Ͷͺྒྷ͖ͮͪ͹Ͷɼ౜݃‫ޛ‬Ͷͨ͹඾࣯͖͗͵ΕఁԾ͢ͱɼ
ͨΗ͗൓໎ͤΖ͞ͳͺ௟͢͏͞ͳͲͺ͵͏͖ΔͲͤɽ͞͹੠ࢢͺɼ੊ֆ஦͹έϨωρέΏɼ͍Ζ͏ͺ΢ϱνʖϋρφΝղ͢ͱ൤ജ͠ΗΉͤ͗ɼ൤ജ઴͹ঙ͵͚ͳ΍̔ϴ݆ؔͺ੠ࢢώϱέ͹஦Ͳฯ؇͠ΗΉͤɽ
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Subversive Practices of Donor Sperm 䇵 Ethics on The Border͘ʰ஦ԟ੠ࢢ۞ߨࡔ஄ʱͳ‫ͻݼ‬ΗΖ੠ࢢώϱέ͗અཱི͠Ηͱ͏Ήͪ͢2ɽ͞͹஦ԟ੠ࢢώϱέͺαϘϱύʖΰϱͶ͍ΖҲൢ֋‫ۂ‬ҫ޴͜͹‫ॶڂݜ‬͹Ҳ෨ͳ͢ͱӣӨ͠Ηͱ͏Ήͪ͢3ɽͨ͢ͱɼ෈ೝ࣑
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Issues Regarding Commercial Sperm Banks from The Ethical, Gender and Social PerspectiveέϨΨηऀͲ΍౲ષχψʖ͹෾ྪͳ͖ɼ͍Ζ͏ͺχψʖ఑‫ڛ‬ͶଲͤΖ͍ΖҲఈ͹ߡ͓๏ͺ͍ͮͪΚ͜Ͳͤ͗ɼͨ͑͏ͮͪ෾ྪ๏๑Ώߡ͓๏ͺɼ஦ԟ੠ࢢώϱέͳಋͣΓ͑͵΍͹Ͳͪ͢ɽέϨΨηऀͺɼਐௗͳ͖໪͹৯ͳ͖ର‫ܗ‬ɼേ͹৯ɼਕझ͵ʹ͹න‫ܗݳ‬Ͷ‫ͱ͏Ͱخ‬χψʖΝ෾ྪ͢ͱ͏
Ήͪ͢͢ɼΉͪྈ๏͹੠ࢢώϱέͳ΍݄ӹ‫ͳܗ‬৮‫ۂ‬Ͷ‫ͤؖ‬Ζ৚ๅ΍ౌ࿧͢Ήͪ͢9ɽͪͫ͞͞Ͳ࠹΍॑གྷ͵͞ͳͳ͢ͱஎͮͱ͕͏ͱ͏ͪͫͪ͘͏͹ͺɼ͞͹ࠔͺસͱ͹χψʖ͗ಙ໌ѽ͏ͫͮͪͳ͏͑͞ͳͲͤɽ͞͹ಙ໌੓Ͷ‫ͱؖ͢‬͹๑ཱͳ͏͑΍͹ͺΉͫଚࡑ͢ͱ͏ΉͦΞͲͪ͢͢ɼҲ෨͹຿ؔέϨωρέͲͺɼεϱήϩ͹ঃ੓ͳϪθϑΠϱ࣑͗ྏΝण͜ͱ͏ͪͳ͏͑͞ͳͺΚ͖ͮͱ͏Ζ͹Ͳͤ͗ɼͨΗͲ΍Ήͫ੠ࢢ఑‫ڛ‬ͺकͶϖτϫιέεϡϩ͹Ωρϕϩ͗ཤ༽ͤΖ΍͹ͫͳ͏͑೟͍ࣟ͗ΕΉͪ͢ɽͨ͹ͪΌ͖ɼඁືͶͪ͢Εɼ͍Ζ͏ͺಙ໌੓ͳ͏͑͞ͳ͗ɼ
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ͱ࠹વ͹ཤӻͳ͵ΖͳࢧΚ͵͏͵Δɼͨ͹ࢢ͗ਫ਼ΉΗΖ͹Ͷɼ฾਎͗ʹ͑Ώͮͱೝ৹͖ͪ͢Ͷͯ͏ͱɼࢢʹ΍Ͷ‫ͱͮݶ‬ͺ͵Δ͵͏ʱͳ͏͑΍͹Ͳͪ͢ɽ͍ͳχψʖ͹ಙ໌੓ͳχψʖ৚ๅ͹ඉ֋ࣖ͗݃;෉͜ͻɼऀճద͵෗ͳ͢ͱ͹੻೜͗‫͖͠ڶ‬ΗΖ͞ͳͺ͵͏ͫΘ͑ͳ͏͑΀͑Ͷߡ͓ΔΗ
ͱ͏Ήͪ͢͹Ͳɼ͞ΗΔͺඉ৙Ͷ‫ݽک‬Ͷ݃;෉͜ΔΗͱ͏Ήͪ͢ɽ͞͹ࠔɼχψʖ͹ϜροϱήͺҫྏηνρϓͶΓͮͱߨΚΗɼ෗਎ͳ͵Ζਕ͹ಝ௅ʤ‫ͪݡ‬໪͵ʹʥͳࣇΖ͞ͳΝ‫غ‬ଶ͢ͱϜροϱή͠Ηͱ͏Ήͪ͢ɽέϨΨηΏ஦ԟ੠ࢢώϱέͺɼ͑ͪ͢͞ཀྵ༟͖Δࣙ୒Ͳ͹ࣙ‫ހ‬द੠༽͹੠ࢢͺ఑‫ͥͦڛ‬ɼ෈ೝ࣑ྏέϨωρέͶ௜ં൤ജ͢ͱ͏Ήͪ͢ɽυϱϜʖέͶ͕͜Ζਫ਼৫ึঁٗढ़Ͷ‫ͤؖ‬Ζ࠹ॵ͹๑ཱυϱϜʖέͶ͕͜Ζਫ਼৫ึঁٗढ़Ͷ‫ͤؖ‬Ζ࠹ॵ͹๑ཱͺ  ೧Ͷࢬߨ͠ΗΉͪ͗͢ɼͨ͹‫ޛ‬ɼ
੠ࢢ఑‫ڛ‬͹໲ୌً͗ͪ͘Ӫ‫ڻ‬Νण͜ͱɼ ೧ͳ  ೧Ͷ୉͚͘րਜ਼͠ΗΉͪ͢ɽ੠ࢢώϱέΏ੠ࢢ఑‫͑͏ͳڛ‬͹ͺɼ΍͑ͤͲͶೖ৙Կ͠Ηͱ͏ΖΓ͑͵ٗढ़Ͳͪ͢͢ɼ ೧͹๑ཱͲͺΓΕ߶ౕ͵ਫ਼৫ٗढ़͹ѽ͏΍ͤͲͶଲেͳ͵ͮͱ͏Ήͪ͢ɽͪͫɼͨΗͲ΍੠ࢢ఑‫ڛ‬͹ཤ༽Ν୯Ͷ‫ڒ‬Նͤ΄͖͘ͳ͏͑໲ୌͺɼ٠ճͲඉ৙Ͷ୉͘͵࿨૬Ν‫;ݼ‬Ήͪ͢ɽυϱϜʖέͲͺɼεϱήϩ͹ঃ੓ΏϪθϑΠϱঃ੓ͪͬ΃͹࣑ྏͺͤͲͶ΍͑Ձ೧΍ߨΚΗͱࣰͪ͘੹͍͗ͮͪ͹Ͳͤ͗ɼ٠ճͲ͹٠࿨͹஦Ͳͺɼ਎ଔ‫ܐؖ‬ɼιέεϣΠϨτΡɼՊଔ͹‫ܙ‬ରͳ͏ͮͪ͞ͳ͗ྛཀྵద͵໲ୌͳ͢ͱ࿨ͣΔΗͱɼ࠹शదͶͺϪθϑΠϱͳεϱήϩ͹ঃ੓Ν෈ೝ࣑ྏ͖Δঈ֐ͤΖͳ͏͑͞ͳ
Ͷ͵ͮͱ͢Ή͏Ήͪ͢ɽ࠹शద͵౦ධͲͺΆͳΞʹ͹ࠅճ٠ҽ͗ɼ෗਎͹͏͵͏ՊఋͶਫ਼ΉΗΖ͞ͳͺɼࢢʹ΍Ͷͳͮͱ͹࠹વ͹ཤӻͶͺ͵Δ͵͏ͳߡ͓ͱ͏ͪ͹Ͳͤɽ͑͞͏ͮͪ٠࿨Ͷ‫Ͱخ‬͏ͱً૴͠Ηͪ͞͹๑Ҍ͹಼༲ͳ͏͑͹ͺɼຌ౲Ͷࢧ͏΍‫ر‬Δ͵͏Γ͑͵಼༲Ͳͪ͢ɽ͞͹๑ཱͲͺɼϪθϑΠϱΏεϱήϩ͹ঃ੓Ͷ෈ೝ࣑ྏΝߨͮͪҫࢥͺɼ൞ࡓͶ‫ؖ‬༫ͪ͢΍͹ͳΊ͵ͤͳ͏͑Γ͑Ͷ‫و‬ఈ͠ΗΉͪ͢ɽͪͫ͑͞͏ͮͪ๑ཱ͗Ͳͪ͘͞ͳͶΓͮͱɼ‫ٱ‬Ͷɼ୯΍͗߻๑దͶ఑‫ڛ‬੠ࢢΝ࣑࢘ͮͪྏΝण͜ΔΗͱɼ‫و‬੏Νण͜͵͏Γ͑͵৖ΝࡠΖͪΌͶͺʹ͑ͪ͢Δྒྷ͏͹9,QWHUYLHZZLWK2OH6FKRX
15䝇䝔䜱䞁䞉䜶䜲䝗䝸䜰䞁

Stine Willum Adrian⢭Ꮚᥦ౪䛾䛧䛯䛯䛛䛺ᐇ㊶䇶ᅜቃ䛻䛚䛡䜛೔⌮䇷

Subversive Practices of Donor Sperm 䇵 Ethics on The Border͖ͳɼͨ͑͏ͮͪ͞ͳͶखΕૌ΋ӣಊ͹͖ͮ͘͜Ͷ΍͵ΕΉͪ͢ɽࠕյ͹͞͹๑ཱͶଲ͢ͱ੕࣑ద߇٠ΝͺͣΌͱͪ͢͹͗ɼϪθϑΠϱ͹ঁࢊࢥͫͮͪωʖψʀηφʖέͲͤ10ɽͨ͢ͱɼ͞͹๑ҌͲ໎Δ͖Ͷ͵ͮͪΓ͑͵͑͞͏ͮͪ෈଎͹ࣆସͶଲԢͤ΄͚ɼ ೧ͶʰηφʖέʀέϨωρέʱΝઅཱི͢Ήͪ͢ɽ੠ࢢ͹൤ജͺҫࢥͶ‫ݸ‬ఈ͠Ηͱ͏Ήͪ͢͹ͲɼέϨΨη΍ҫྏ‫ؖؽ‬Ͷ͖͢੠ࢢΝ൤ജͲ͘ΉͦΞɽͨ͞Ͳηφʖέͺɼ஧ղं͹ༀ໪ΝՎͪ͢ͱ͚Ηͨ͑͵ҫࢥΝูॄ͢Ήͪ͢ɽ͞͹Ҳ࿊͹घॳͺɼηέϨʖωϱή͠Ηͪ఑‫ڛ‬੠ࢢΝϪθϑΠϱͳεϱήϩ͹ঃ੓Ͷ఑‫ͤڛ‬Ζͳ͏͑ɼຌ౲ͶࠕΉͲ͹‫و‬൥ΝഃշͤΖΓ͑͵ͨ͑͏ͮͪߨ
ҟ͗ɼ੠ࢢώϱέͳηφʖέʀέϨωρέ͹࿊‫ܠ‬ͶΓͮͱߨΚΗͪͳ͏͑ྭͶ͵ΕΉͤɽ͞͹ωʖψʀηφʖέ͠Ξͳ͏͑͹ͺɼঁࢊࢥͳ͢ͱ͹‫ݩܨ‬΍࣍ͮͱΔͮ͢Ύ͏Ήͪ͢͢ɼϓΥϝωθ
ϞӣಊͶ΍ৰ൅͠Ηͱ͏Ήͪ͢͹Ͳɼঃ੓͹ਫ਼৫Ͷ‫ؖ‬࿊ͤΖҫྏͶଲ͢ͱ͹൹൓ͳ͏͑΍͹Νఴ֋͢ͱɼΉͪࣙ͟ਐ͹έϨωρέͲͺɼࠕΉͲͳͺҡ͵ΖΓ͑͵ҫྏ‫ڧ؂‬Ν఑‫͢ڛ‬Γ͑͢ͱ͏Ήͪ͢ɽ۫ରదͶ‫ͳ͑ݶ‬ɼωʖψʀηφʖέ͠Ξͺඉ৙ͶϨϧρέηͪ͢ฉҕ‫ـ‬Νࣙ͟෾͹έϨωρέ͹஦ͶࡠΕ͖ͪͮͪΚ͜ͲͤɽಝͶɼঃ੓Ͷ঱఼Ν౲ͱΓ͑ͳ͢Ήͪ͢ɽ۫ରదͶͺɼঃ੓͗έϨωρέ͹ηνρϓͳͬ͘Ξͳ࿫Ν͢ͱɼೝ৹͹६ඍΝͤΖͪΌͶඉ৙Ͷଡ͚͹࣎ؔΝ֮ฯ͢ͱ͏Ήͪ͢ɽ
ηφʖέʀέϨωρέͺυϱϜʖέ͹‫و‬੏͹֐Ͳ‫׈‬ಊ͢ͱ͏ͪͪΌɼҫࢥ͗ॊΚ͵͜Ηͻ͵Δ͵͏‫و‬੏ͳͺҡ͵Ζ੠ࢢ఑‫ڛ‬͹ྛཀྵదࣰભΝ࠸ߡͤΖ৖͗ਫ਼ΉΗΉͪ͢ɽͨ͹େΚΕͶɼಋέϨωρέͺಢࣙ͹ྛཀྵదΪ΢χϧ΢ϱΝࡨఈ͢Ήͪ͢ɽ
ʤ$GULDQʥɽͨ͹Ҳྭ͗ɼಙ໌
Ͳ͵͏χψʖ͹ཤ༽Ν఑Ҍͪ͢͞ͳͲͤɽ‫͗ٮޒ‬ඉಙ໌͹χψʖ͖Δ͹੠ࢢΝ‫س‬๮ͤΖ৖߻ɼηφʖέʀέϨωρέͺธࠅ͖Δ੠ࢢΝ༎೘͢Ήͪ͢ɽ
ηφʖέ͠Ξͺଡ͚͹ϟυΡΠͲ൅‫͠ݶ‬Ηͱ͏ͪ͹ͲɼηφʖέʀέϨωρέ͹ଚࡑࣙର΍ͤ͛Ͷ๼ԦΏଠ͹ϦʖϫρϏঀࠅͲΓ͚எΔΗΖΓ͑Ͷ͵ΕΉͪ͢ɽηφʖέ͠Ξ͗͑͞͏ͮͪ੕
࣑ద൅‫͖ͳݶ‬ɼ͍Ζ͏ͺ‫׈‬ಊΝ‫׈‬൅Կͦ͠Ζ஦ͲɼυϱϜʖέͲͺεϱήϩ͹ঃ੓ΏϪθϑΠϱ
Ωρϕϩ΍࣑ྏΝण͜ΔΗΖՆ೵੓͍͗ΖΞͫͳ͏͑қࣟ͗߶Ήͮͱ͘Ήͪ͢ɽ͞͹౲࣎ɼ࠹઎୼͹ৼཀྵऀճ‫ߨ͗ڂݜ‬ΚΗͪΞͲͤ͜ʹ΍ɼͨ͹‫Ͳڂݜ‬ͺεϱήϩϜδʖͶ͵
Ζ͞ͳΝમ୔ͪ͢ঃ੓Ώɼಋ੓Ѭ͹Ωρϕϩ͹ՊଔͲүͮͪࢢʹ΍ͪͬ͗ɼͨ͑Ͳͺ͵͏ࢢʹ΍ͪͬͶർ΄ͱ྾ͮͱ͏Ζ͞ͳͺ͵͏ɼͳ͏͑͞ͳΝࣖͤଡ͚͹ৄ‫͗ڎ‬఑‫͠ڛ‬ΗΉͪ͢ɽ‫͓׷͏ݶ‬Ηͻɼεϱήϩ͹ঃ੓ͳϪθϑΠϱ͹Ωρϕϩ͹࣑ྏΝ‫ͤࢯے‬Ζͳ͏ͮͪ͞ͳΝࢩ࣍ͤΖΓ͑͵Ռָదυʖνͺ͵͖ͮͪ͹Ͳͤɽ͠ΔͶ͞͹Γ͑͵࿫͗ϦʖϫρϏ͹ಋ੓Ѭं͹αϝϣωτΡͶ
ఽΚΖͳɼΓΕଡ͚͹ϦʖϫρϏ͹ঃ੓͗ηφʖέʀέϨωρέͶ࣑ྏΝण͜ͶཔΖΓ͑Ͷ͵ΕΉͪ͢ɽͨ͹਼೧‫ޛ‬Ͷͺଠ͹ঁࢊࢥ͗ӣӨͤΖέϨωρέͶ΍ɼΓΕଡ͚͹‫ं׳‬͹๏ʓ͗ॄΉΖΓ͑Ͷ͵ΕΉͪ͢ɽΠϟϨΩͳ͏͑͹ͺɼ఑‫ڛ‬੠ࢢΝ੊ֆ஦Ͷ༎ड़͢఑‫ڛ‬੠ࢢͶଲͤΖࣙࠅ಼͹ऩགྷΝࣙࠅ಼Ͳ࿭
͑͞ͳ͗Ͳ͘Ζɼ੊ֆͲ༏Ҳ͹ࠅ͵͹Ͳͤ͗ɼ ೧େҐ߳ɼΠϟϨΩ͹‫͗ٮޒ‬ηΩϱζψϑΠਕ͹Պ‫ܧ‬Ͷ߻͑੠ࢢχψʖΝ‫ٽ‬ΌͱέϨΨηऀͶαϱνέφͤΖΓ͑Ͷ͵ͮͱ͏Ήͪ͢11ɽ౲࣎έ

10

KWWSZZZVWRUNNOLQLNGNQLQDVWRUNVEHUHWQLQJ

11&RUUHVSRQGHQFHZLWK2OH6FKRX16

IGS 䜸䞁䝷䜲䞁䝉䝭䝘䞊䠄⏕Ṫ㡿ᇦ䠅䠎䠌䠎䠍ᖺ䠓᭶䠎᪥䠄㔠䠅㛤ദၟᴗⓗ⢭Ꮚ䝞䞁䜽䛻㛵䛩䜛ၥ㢟䇷೔⌮䞉䝆䜵䞁䝎䞊䞉♫఍ⓗഃ㠃䛛䜙䇷

Issues Regarding Commercial Sperm Banks from The Ethical, Gender and Social PerspectiveϨΨηऀͺɼ‫س‬๮͹ਐରΏ༲ࢡ͹ಝ௅Ν࣍ͮͪ੠ࢢχψʖ͹੠ࢢΝέϨωρέͶ௜ં൤ജͤΖͫͫͮͪ͜͹Ͳͤ͗ɼͨ͹౲࣎ΠϟϨΩ͹έϨωρέͺɼ੠ࢢΝ߬೘ͤΖ‫ٮޒ‬ͺҡ੓Ѭं͹Ωρϕϩͫͫ͜ͳ͏͑೟ࣟΝ࣍ͮͱ͏Ήͪ͢ɽ͞Η͗έϨΨη͗χψʖ͹ϕϫϓΡʖϩΝࡠͮͱɼ͖͢
΍΍ͮͳଡ͚͹৚ๅΝౌ࿧ͤΖ͞ͳͲɼϕϫϓΡʖϩΝ֨௃͢Γ͑ͳ͏͑Γ͑Ͷ݀ΌΖ͖ͮ͘͜Ͷ͵ΕΉͪ͢12ɽ ೧ͶͺέϨΨηʀ΢ϱνʖψεϥψϩͺɼʰηΩϱζψϑΠʀέϧ΢Ψώϱ
έʱͳ͏͑੠ࢢώϱέΝΠϟϨΩͲઅཱི͢Ήͪ͢ɽ͞͹ηΩϱζψϑΠʀέϧ΢ΨώϱέͺυϱϜʖέ͖Δ੠ࢢΝ༎೘͢ͱɼΠϟϨΩ͹‫΃ٮޒ‬͹൤ജΝ֋࢟͢Ήͪ͢ɽχψʖࣙରͺಙ໌Ͳͪ͢
͗ɼͪͫ๼Ԧ͹ਈ࿫Ͷ‫͘Ͱخ‬Ή͢ͱɼʰϨφϩώ΢Ϋϱήʱͳ͏͑໌઴͹ϔϧϱχ͗ɼ͞͹ηΩϱζψϑΠਕχψʖɼ͍Ζ͏ͺ఑‫͠ڛ‬Ηͪ੠ࢢͶ෉͜ΔΗΉͪ͢ɽήϫʖώϩ͵ఴ֋͗ϫʖΩϩ͵͞ͳͶ΍Ӫ‫ڻ‬Ν༫͓ΖέϨΨη͹ธࠅࢤ৖΃͹਒ड़ͺɼήϫʖώϩ͵༎ड़͗υϱϜʖέ͹੠ࢢώϱέ͹ϫʖΩϩϩʖοϱͶʹ͹Γ͑͵Ӫ‫ڻ‬Ν༫͓͖ͪΝࣖͤ޹ྭͳ‫͓ݶ‬ΖͲ͢Β͑ɽธࠅͶ੠ࢢΝ༎ड़ͤΖࡏɼέϨΨηͺธࠅ͹གྷ‫ͤٽ‬ΖηέϨʖωϱή‫خ‬६Ν࢘༽͢͵͜Ηͻ͵ΔͥɼΉͪಋऀͺΓΕ৆ࡋ͵χψʖϕϫϓΡʖϩΝ༽қ͢͵͜Ηͻ͵ΕΉͦΞͲͪ͢ɽ‫ࡑݳ‬ɼυϱϜʖέ͹຿ؔ੠ࢢώϱέͺɼ੊ֆ֦ࠅ͹Ϊ΢χϧ΢ϱΏ‫و‬੏ͳҲ஗ͤΖͨ͹ࠅ͹ηέϨʖωϱή‫خ‬६Ͳ‫ۂ‬ແΝߨͮͱ͏Ήͤɽ΍ͳ΍ͳ͞͹Γ͑Ͷχψʖ͹৆ࡋ͵ϕϫϓΡʖϩΝ༽қͤΖͳ͏͑͹ͺɼΠϟϨΩࢤ৖ͶଲԢ
ͤΖͪΌͶड़པͱͪ͘͹Ͳͤ͗ɼͪͫ͞Η͗࢟Ήͮͪ͞ͳͶΓͮͱɼυϱϜʖέ͹஦Ͳ΍ɼ੠ࢢ఑‫ڛ‬Ͷ‫ࠕͱؖ͢‬ΉͲ͹ߨҟΏࣰભΝ෶ͤΓ͑͵৿͢͏झྪ͹ߨҟɼࣰભ͗‫ݡ‬ΔΗΖΓ͑Ͷ͵ΕΉͪ͢ɽέϨΨηʀ΢ϱνʖψεϥψϩͺ౲ॵɼΠϟϨΩࢤ৖޴͜Ͷ৚ๅྖ͹ଡ͏ϕϫϓΡʖϩΝ࣍ͯχψʖΝϕʖϩ͢ͱ͏Ήͪ͗͢ɼ͞͹෨໵Ͷ‫ͤ߻ڟ‬Ζͳ͞Θ͗‫ݳ‬Ηͱ͘Ήͪ͢ɽ ೧ɼ‫͵ͳۂة߻ڟ‬Ζ੠ࢢώϱέɼʰόϩυΡρέʀέϧ΢Ψώϱέʱ͗અཱི͠ΗΉͪ͢ɽ͞͹ώϱέͺʰϦʖϫρϏ੠ࢢώϱέʱͳ͏͑໌઴Ν෉ͪ͜ΤΥϔγ΢φΝ಍೘͢ͱɼಋͣΓ͑Ͷ੠ࢢΝ൤ജ͢ͺͣΌɼ͞͞ͲͺΠϟϨΩ๏ࣞ͗ࡀ༽͠ΗΉͪ͢ɽͯΉΕগཔྈ਎Ͷ͵ΖͲ͍Θ͑ਕͪͬͶɼ௜ં͞͹఑‫ڛ‬੠ࢢΝജΕࠒΞͲɼ‫خ‬ຌద͵ϕϫϓΡʖϩΝ΍ͯχψʖ͖ɼΓΕଡ͚͹৚ๅ͗ౌ࿧͠ΗͪϕϫϓΡʖϩΝ࣍ͯχψʖ͹͏ͥΗ͖Νͨ͹ਕͪͬࣙਐ͗મ୔͢ͱ΍͏͏ͳ͏͑Γ͑͵࢕ૌΊΝࡠͮͪ͹ͲͤɽέϨΨη΍‫߻ڟ‬ଠऀͶෝͣ͜ͳɼͤ͛ͶಋͣΓ͑͵ΠϟϨΩ
๏ࣞΝࡀ༽͢Ήͪ͢ɽ͠ΔͶɼϦʖϫρϏ੠ࢢώϱέͺɼηφʖέʀέϨωρέΏυϱϜʖέͲঁࢊࢥ͗‫ܨ‬ӨͤΖଠ͹έϨωρέͶɼΓΕଡ͚͹৚ๅ͗ౌ࿧͠ΗͪϕϫϓΡʖϩΝ࣍ͯχψʖ͹੠ࢢ͹఑‫ڛ‬Ν࢟ΌΉͪ͢ɽ ೧Ͷ͵ΖͳɼϦʖϫρϏ੠ࢢώϱέɼόϩυΡρέʀέϨΨηώϱέͺɼք֐ͫ͜Ͳͺ͵͚ͱஏ‫ݫ‬͹ঁࢊࢥέϨωρέͶ΍ඉಙ໌͹χψʖΝ়ղ͢Ήͪ͢ɽͨ͹ࠔɼҫࢥ͗ॱग͢͵͜Ηͻ͵Δ͵͖ͮͪυϱϜʖέ͹๑ཱͲͺɼඉಙ໌੓ͳ͏͑͹ͺΉͫ߻๑Ͳͺ͵͖ͮͪ͹ͲͤɽͨΗͶ΍͖͖ΚΔͥɼঁࢊࢥ͹έϨωρέΏɼ͍Ζ͏ͺ੠ࢢώϱέࣙରͺɼਫ਼৫ึঁͶ‫ͤؖ‬Ζ๑ཱ͹‫و‬੏ଲেͶͺ͵ͮͱ͏͵͖ͮͪ͹Ͳɼ͑͞͏ͮͪߨҟ͗ࠅ͖ΔࢯΌΔΗΖͳ͏͑͞ͳͺ͍ΕΉͦΞͲͪ͢ɽυϱϜʖέͲϪθϑΠϱΏεϱήϩ͹ঃ੓΃͹఑‫ڛ‬੠ࢢ͹࢘༽Ͷɼҫࢥ͗‫ؖ‬༫͢͵͚12,QWHUYLHZZLWK2OH6FKRX
17䝇䝔䜱䞁䞉䜶䜲䝗䝸䜰䞁

Stine Willum Adrian⢭Ꮚᥦ౪䛾䛧䛯䛯䛛䛺ᐇ㊶䇶ᅜቃ䛻䛚䛡䜛೔⌮䇷

Subversive Practices of Donor Sperm 䇵 Ethics on The Border͵ͮͱ͖Δ  ೧Άʹ‫ޛͪͮܨ‬ɼ͞͹ਫ਼৫ࢩԋͶ‫ͤؖ‬Ζ๑ཱ͗րਜ਼͠Ηɼ ೧Ͷͺ৿͢͏‫و‬੏͗ࢬߨ͠ΗΉͪ͢13ɽͨ͢ͱɼ͞͹  ೧͹৿͢͏‫و‬੏͹ࢬߨ͹ͳ͘ͶͺɼϪθϑΠϱͳεϱήϩ͹ঃ੓͹ͪΌ͹੠ࢢ఑‫͗ڛ‬Ήͪ࠸;୉͘͵࿨఼ͳ͵ΕΉͪ͢ɽ͖͢͢ɼ࠹शద͵౦ධͲͺ͞͹Γ͑͵ঃ੓ͪͬ͹ͪΌ͹࣑ྏͶ‫ͱؖ͢‬ͺ΍ɼޮదࣁۜΝ౦೘ͤΖͳ͏͑͞ͳͲ݀஥͢Ήͪ͢ɽ͑͞͏ͮͪրਜ਼͹ͦ͏Ͳɼঁࢊࢥ͗ॶ༙ͤΖ‫ݺ‬ਕ‫ܨ‬Ө͹έϨωρέ͗෈གྷͶ͵Ζ͹Ͳͺɼͳ͏ͮͪ
қ‫ݡ‬΍͍ͮͪ͹Ͳͤ͗ɼࣰࡏͶͺͨ͑͏ͮͪ͞ͳͶͺ͵ΕΉͦΞͲͪ͢ɽηφʖέʀέϨωρέ
Ν‫؜‬ΌɼঁࢊࢥΏଠ͹ҫྏ઒໵Պ͗֋‫ͪ͢ۂ‬຿ؔ͹έϨωρέͺɼࠅࡏదͶͨ͹ஏҒΝ͖ͮ͢Εཱི֮͢ͱ͏ͪ͹Ͳɼ͠ΔͶࣆ‫ͱ͢ͳۂ‬͹੔ௗΝਲ਼͝Ήͪ͢ɽࣰࡏͶɼଡ਼͹৚ๅ͗ౌ࿧͠ΗͪϕϫϓΡʖϩͳ͖ɼඉಙ໌͹χψʖ͹મ୔ͳ͏͑͞ͳ͗Ն೵Ͷ͵ͮͱ͘Ήͪ͢ɽͲ΍ͨ͑͵ͮͱ΍ɼҫࢥͪͬͺɼࣙ෾Ͳ࣑ྏͪ͢ঃ੓ΏΩρϕϩͶඉಙ໌͹χψʗΝ͖࢘͑͵ʹ͹મ୔ࢸΝ఑‫ͤڛ‬Ζͳ͏͑͞ͳͺ๑దͶͺ೟ΌΔΗͱ͏ΉͦΞͲͪ͢ɽϟυΡΠ͹Ӫ‫ڻ‬υϱϜʖέ͹੠ࢢ͹༎ड़ࢊ‫͗ۂ‬൅ఴ͢ɼυϱϜʖέͶߨ͚෈ೝ࣑ྏྃߨं͗ଁ͓Ζ஦ɼ͞͹Ϩφϩʀώ΢ΫϱήʤυϱϜʖέ͖ΔΏͮͱ͚Ζ఑‫ڛ‬੠ࢢʥͶ‫ͱؖ͢‬ϟυΡΠͲ͢ͻ͢ͻखΕ৏͝
ΔΗɼք֐ϟυΡΠͲ΍ๅಕ͠ΗΉͪ͢ɽͨΞ͵஦ɼ ೧ͳ  ೧ͶͺɼυϱϜʖέࠅ಼ͫ͜Ͳ͵͚ɼࠅࡏదͶ΍໲ୌͳ͵Ζ  ͯ͹ड़པࣆ͗࿫ୌͳ͵ΕΉͪ͢ɽ͞ΗΔͺɼ౜݃ฯଚ੠ࢢ͹‫ݺ‬ਕ‫΃ٮ‬͹൤ജΏ఑‫ڛ‬͹‫ࢯے‬Ͷ΍Ӫ‫ڻ‬Ν༫͓ͪड़པࣆͲͤɽ
 ೧ɼ͞͹ਫ਼৫ึঁٗढ़Ͷ‫ͤؖ‬Ζ࠹৿͹๑ཱ͗ࢬߨ͠ΗΖ਼ुؔ઴Ͷɼਈ‫ܨ‬તңञ঳  ‫ܗ‬ɼ1) ͳ͏͑ɼ͑͞͏࣮ͮͪබ͍͗Ζ͹Ͳͤ͜ʹ΍ɼ͞͹ΫϡϨΠͲ͍ͮͪχψʖͶ‫ͤؖ‬Ζωϣʖη‫͗ࣆى‬ɼࠅӨ͹ޮ‫ڠ‬τϪϑοϡϱϋϩͲ๎ӫ͠ΗΉͪ͢ɽ ೧ΉͲͶ͞͹χψʖ͹੠ࢢ఑‫ڛ‬Ͳ  ਕ͹ࢢʹ΍͗ஂਫ਼͢ͱ͏ͪ͹Ͳͤ͗ɼͨ͹͑ͬঙ͵͚ͳ΍̗ਕ͹ࢢʹ΍͗͞͹ 1) Ͷጸ‫׳‬͢ͱ͏ͪ͹Ͳͤɽ౲‫ۃ‬΍͞͹ࣆ݇Ͷͯ͏ͱͺΓ͚எͮͱ͏Ήͪ͢͢ɼ‫ؖ‬࿊ͤΖ੠ࢢώϱέ΍͞͹ࣆྭ͹݃ՎͶ‫ͤؖ‬Ζ‫಼ڂݜ‬༲Ν൅න͢Ήͪ͢ɽ͖͢͢͞͹ࣆ݇ͺɼϟυΡΠͲ͠ΔͶ୉ʓదͶๅಕ͠Ηͪ͹Ͳɼ͞͹χψʖ͖Δਫ਼ΉΗͪࢢʹ΍ͪͬ͹ଡ͚͹਎ͺɼ੠ࢢώϱέͶΓΖ৚ๅ؇ཀྵ͹๏๑Ͷͯ͏ͱඉ৙ͶౘΕΉͪ͢ɽ͞͹ࣆ͖݇͗ͮ͘͜ͳ͵ͮͱɼ੠ࢢώϱέ͹ঐ‫ۂ‬దཤӻ͗༑઎͠Ηͪͦ͏Ͳɼ৚ๅ͗෈న઀Ͷ؇ཀྵ͠Ηͪ͹Ͳͺ͵͏͖ͳ͏͑ٛ࿯ΝϟυΡΠ͗ๅಕ͢Ήͪ͢ɽๅࠄ͠Ηͪҡ฾‫ܓ‬఍͹਼͗ඉ৙Ͷଡ͖ͮͪ͞
ͳɼΉͪ੠ࢢ఑‫ڛ‬ͶΓͮͱஂਫ਼ͪ͢ࢢʹ΍΃͹߶͏Ϫϗϩ͹৚ๅ֋ࣖɼ͍Ζ͏ͺۛ਎‫׭‬ͶଲͤΖ෈҈ɼͨΗ͖Δ݄ଔ‫ܐؖ‬ɼ͍Ζ͏ͺҪఽ੓࣮‫׳‬͹ະԈͶଲͤΖ෈҈͗ૌΊ߻Κͮ͠ͱɼӪ‫ྙڻ‬͹୉͘͏ϟυΡΠๅಕͶͺ֪޹͹ࡒྋΝ఑‫ͤڛ‬Ζ͞ͳͶ͵ΕΉͪ͢ɽ ೧͹ॡͶɼ͞͹੠ࢢώϱέͺΉͪࠅࡏద͵ωϣʖηͲखΕ৏͝ΔΗΉͪ͢ɽ͞͹ͳ͘Ͷ൅න͠Ηͪ‫Ͳࣆى‬ͺɼ΢άϨη͹൷ܸద͵ίʖηͶ঱఼͗౲ͱΔΗΉͪ͢ɽ݆̒  ೖ෉͹ΪʖυΡ

13

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18

IGS 䜸䞁䝷䜲䞁䝉䝭䝘䞊䠄⏕Ṫ㡿ᇦ䠅䠎䠌䠎䠍ᖺ䠓᭶䠎᪥䠄㔠䠅㛤ദၟᴗⓗ⢭Ꮚ䝞䞁䜽䛻㛵䛩䜛ၥ㢟䇷೔⌮䞉䝆䜵䞁䝎䞊䞉♫఍ⓗഃ㠃䛛䜙䇷

Issues Regarding Commercial Sperm Banks from The Ethical, Gender and Social PerspectiveΠϱࢶ͹‫ݡ‬ड़͢ͺ࣏͹Γ͑͵΍͹Ͳͪ͢ɽʰ ࡂ͹ঙঃ͗ɼ฾਎͗߬೘ͪ͢఑‫ڛ‬੠ࢢͲೝ৹Ν‫ک‬གྷ͠Ηͪʱ
ʤ|*LUOIRUFHGWREHFRPHSUHJQDQWZLWKGRQRUVSHUPERXJKWE\PRWKHU|ʥͳ͏͑‫ݡ‬ड़͢Ͳͤɽ͞͹฾਎ͺࣙ෾͹཈ঃͶड़ࢊͦ͠ΖͪΌͶɼ਼յͶΚͪͮͱೝ৹ͤΖΓ͑Ͷ࢕޴͜ͱ͏ͪͳ͏͑͞ͳ͗൓໎͢Ήͪ͢ɽ͞͹ঙঃ͗ड़ࢊͪ͢ͳ͘ͶͺɼঙঃͺΉͫ  ࡂͶ͵ͮͪͻ͖ͮΕͲͪ͢ɽ฾਎ͺυϱϜʖέ͹੠ࢢώϱέ͹੠ࢢΝ࢘༽͢ͱࣙ୒Ͳ͹द੠Νࣰߨͪ͢͞ͳ͖Δɼ
΢άϨηͳυϱϜʖέ͹ྈ๏͹ϟυΡΠͺɼࣙ୒Ͳ͹ࣙ‫ހ‬द੠ͳ͏͑ߨҟࣙରΝྛཀྵద͵؏఼͖Δ࿨ͣΉͪ͢ɽυϱϜʖέͲͺɼυϱϜʖέྛཀྵ඲٠ճ͹ϟϱώʖͳɼυϱϜʖέ෈ೝ࣑ྏ‫ڢ‬ճ͹ճҽ͗ɼ෈ೝ࣑ྏ͹઴ͶͺΉͥࢢʹ΍ΝүͱΖ೵ྙ͗ඍΚͮͱ͏Ζ͖ʹ͖͑Ν‫ͳͫ͘΄ͤৄݗ‬͏͑͞ͳΝɼ஦ৼద͵٠࿨͹Ҳͯͳ͢ͱ఑ً͢Ήͪ͢ɽ൶ΔͺɼࢢүͱͶన͠͵͏ঃ੓Ͷͺɼҫྏηνρϓ࣑͗ྏΝ఑‫ͫ͏͵͢ڛ‬Θ͑ͳߡ͓ɼࣙ୒Ͳ͹ࣙ‫ހ‬द੠Ͷ‫ؖ‬࿊ͤΖ‫ݺ‬ਕജഛΏ఑‫ڛ‬Ν‫ے‬
ࢯͤΖΓ͑क௃ͪ͢͹Ͳͪ͢ɽ(8 ͹ࡋ๖ૌ৭Ͷ‫ͤؖ‬Ζࢨྫ͖͢͢ɼ઎ఖ͕࿫ͪ͢͢ 1) ͹ࣆྭͳ͖΢άϨη͹  ࡂͲೝ৹ͪ͢ঙঃ͹ࣆྭͫ͗͜ཀྵ༟Ͳɼ
੠ࢢ͹‫ݺ‬ਕ൤ജͶଲ͢ͱ͹ൕଲқ‫͗ݡ‬ड़ͱͪ͘Κ͜Ͳͺ͍ΕΉͦΞɽυϱϜʖέͲͺ (8 ͶΓΖਕ͹ࡋ๖ͳૌ৭Ͷ‫ؖ‬࿊ͤΖࢨྫ͹րਜ਼Ҍ͗ɼ ೧͹वͶυϱϜʖέ٠ճͶ఑ड़͠ΗΉͪ͢ɽ(8ͶΓΖ͞͹ਕ͹ࡋ๖ͳૌ৭Ͷ‫ؖ‬࿊ͤΖࢨྫͳ͏͑͹͗ࢬߨ͠Ηͪഐ‫ܢ‬Ͷͺɼਕ͹ࡋ๖‫;ٶ‬ૌ৭͹࢘༽Ͷ‫( ͱؖ͢‬8 ͗݊߃ͳ҈સΝ֮ฯ͢Γ͑ͳͪ͢ࢨྫͲͤɽ఑ड़͠Ηͪրਜ਼ҌͲͺɼकͶ 1)
͹Γ͑͵঳ྭ͹൅ਫ਼Ν༩๹͢ɼͨΗ͖Δ༙֒ࣆে͹ๅࠄΝ֮ฯͤΖͪΌ͹ɼφϪʖγϑϨτΡʤ௧੽Ն೵͵͞ͳʥ͹‫ک‬ԿͶ঱఼Ν౲ͱͪ҈સ࿨ͳ͏͑΍͹͗ͨ͹஦ৼΝ੔͢ͱ͏Ήͪ͢ɽ఑ड़͠Ηͪ๑ҌͶͺɼ࣏͹Γ͑Ͷॽ͖Ηͱ͏Ήͪ͢ɽԦयҗҽճͳՅ໏ࠅͺɼ‫ݺ‬ਕ΃͹ૻ෉ͳ͏͑ߨҟ͗ਕ͹ૌ৭Ͷ‫ؖ‬࿊ͤΖࢨਓͶ६‫͏ͱ͢ڎ‬Ζ͖ʹ͖͑ٛ໲Ν์͏ͱ͏Ήͪ͢ɽঙ͵͚ͳ΍ɼ൤ജͳླྀ௪͗
͞Η͖ΔଁՅͪ͢ͳ͘Ͷɼ‫ݺ‬ਕ΃͹൤ജͶ͕͏ͱɼ༙֒ࣆেΏ਄ࠃ͵෯ࡠ༽
ΝਅࠄͤΖ੻೜ΝՎͪͤ͞ͳ͗Ͳ͘Ζ͖ʹ͖͑͗ٛ໲ࢻ͠Ηͱ͏Ήͤɽ͞͹๑ҌΝ୴౲ͪ͢ॶௗͶૻΔΗͪޮ௎ճ͹αϟϱφͲͺɼ๑ཱࡠ੔࣎͹঴ு͹ϟϠΏɼ๑ชͶ൹൓ద͵੕࣑Պ͹क௃͵ʹɼʰ҈સʱҐ֐͹Ձ͖͗໲ୌͶ͵ͮͱ͏ΖΓ͑Ͳͪ͢ɽྭ͓ͻυϱϜʖέਫ਼৫ึঁҫྏ‫ڢ‬ճͺɼҫྏॊࣆं͗‫ؖ‬༫ͤΖ͞ͳͲ఑‫ڛ‬੠ࢢ͹҈સ੓͗߶ΉΖͳ͏͑Γ͑Ͷߡ͓ɼ๑ཱ͹րਜ਼Νસ໚దͶࢩ࣍͢ͱ͏Ήͪ͢ɽࣰ͖͢͢ࡏͶͺɼ෈ೝ࣑ྏ͹ҫࢥ͗ɼঃ੓͗ࣙ
‫ހ‬द੠Ͳ͘͵͚ͤΖΓ͑ͶͤΖ͞ͳͲɼࣙ෾ͪͬ͹ࡔ੕ద‫;ٶ‬৮‫ۂ‬৏͹ཤӻ͗୴ฯ͠ΗΖͳ͏͑Γ͑Ͷߡ͓ͪՆ೵੓Ν൳ఈͤΖ͞ͳͺͲ͘ΉͦΞɽ͞͹͞ͳΝพ͹ֱౕ͖Δ‫ݡ‬Ζͳɼ(8 ͗υϱϜʖέ͹੠ࢢώϱέͶϪθϑΠϱΏεϱήϩ͹ঃ੓Ͷ੠ࢢΝ൤ജͤΖ͹ΝΏΌΖΓ͑ɼѻྙΝ͖͜ͱ͏ͪͳ‫͓ݶ‬Ήͤɽ౲‫ۃ‬ͺ͞͹๑ཱ͗ɼεϱήϩ͹ঃ੓ͳϪθϑΠϱ͹‫ݘ‬ཤΝक़ঘͦ͠Ζ͞ͳͶ‫͗ܪ‬Ζͳ͏͑͞ͳͺ೟ࣟ͢ͱ͏ͪͺͥͲͤ͢ɼ/*%74͹ਕʓ͹‫ݘ‬ཤΝࢩԋͤΖૌ৭Ͳ͍Ζʰ/*%7 υϱϜʖέʱͳ‫ͻݼ‬ΗΖ஄ରΏɼεϱήϩϜδʖΝࢩԋͤΖυϱϜʖέ͹ͨ͹ଠ͹஄ର
19䝇䝔䜱䞁䞉䜶䜲䝗䝸䜰䞁

Stine Willum Adrian⢭Ꮚᥦ౪䛾䛧䛯䛯䛛䛺ᐇ㊶䇶ᅜቃ䛻䛚䛡䜛೔⌮䇷

Subversive Practices of Donor Sperm 䇵 Ethics on The Border΍ɼ͞͹๑ཱͶଲ͢ͱͺൕଲқ‫ݡ‬Νන໎͢Ήͪ͢ɽ‫ݺ‬ਕ൤ജ͹ঐ඾͖ͫΔ҈સΝฯ্ͤΖ͞ͳ͗Ͳ͘͵͏ͳ͏͑΀͑Ͷ‫͑ݶ‬͹ͺɼ੠ࢢͶଲ͢ͱ‫و‬੏Νన༽ͤΖͪΌ͹ඉ৙Ͷ੕࣑ద͵૤ࡠͲ͍Ζͳ΍‫͓ݶ‬Ήͤɽࣰࡏ͞͹Γ͑͵‫و‬੏͗͵͜Ηͻɼ੠ࢢͺঐ඾ͳ͢ͱѽΚΗΖΚ͜Ͳ͖ͤΔɼ(8 ͹ྛཀྵద‫;ٶ‬๑ద͵ࠅ‫ڧ‬Νӿ͓ͱࣙ༟ͶҢಊͤΖ͞ͳ͗Ͳ͘ΖΓ͑Ͷ͵Ζ͖ΔͲͤɽέϨΨηͺҫྏ͹઒໵Պͳͺ‫ٱ‬͹ཱི৖Νखͮͱɼͨ͹஧ղं͗ঙ͵͏Άʹɼೝ৹Ώ͍Ζ͏ͺ‫د‬‫ܙ‬ɼҪఽద͵බ‫ـ‬͹ๅࠄ͹Ϫϗϩ͗߶ΉΖͫΘ͑ͳक௃͢Ήͪ͢ɽ͖͢͢͞ΗͺΉͪɼ຿ؔ͹੠ࢢώϱέ͗ೝ৹͹঳ྭΏɼ༙֒ࣆে͹ๅࠄ͹੻೜Νෝ͑͞ͳͶ͵Ζͳ͏͑͞ͳ΍қັ͢ͱ͏Ήͪ͢ɽΉͳΌͳ͢ͱࠕյࢴͺɼ‫و‬൥ద͵ިম͗ɼࢴ͗ഃշదࣰભͳ‫΁ݼ‬΍͹͹‫ܙ‬ΝͳΖ͞ͳ͍͗Ζ͞ͳͳ͏͑͞ͳ
Ν࿨ͣΉͪ͢ɽ๑దʀྛཀྵద͵‫ڧ‬ֆતͶேક͢ɼͨ͢ͱรԿΝଇͤ͞ͳͶ͵ΕΉͪ͢ɽ఑‫ڛ‬੠ࢢ͹ཤ༽ंɼέϨωρέɼ੠ࢢώϱέɼͨ͢ͱࠅՊͺɼௗ೧ͶΚͪΕɼ఑‫ڛ‬੠ࢢ΃͹Πέιηͳͨ͹ࣰભ๏๑Ͷͯ͏ͱ‫و‬൥ద͵ިমΝߨͮͱ͘Ήͪ͢ɽʹ͹Γ͑͵਎ଔద‫͵ܐؖ‬Δण͜೘ΗΔΗΖ
΄͘Ͳ͍Εɼʹ͹Γ͑͵‫͵ܐؖ‬Δण͜೘ΗΔΗΖ΄͘Ͳͺ͵͏ͳ͏ͮͪ͞ͳ΍٠࿨͠Ηͱ͘Ήͪ͢ɽ͍Ζқັɼൿ೓͵͞ͳͳ‫͓ݶ‬Ζ͖΍͢ΗΉͦΞ͗ɼυϱϜʖέࠅ಼֐͹ϪθϑΠϱͳεϱήϩ͹ঃ੓Νण͜೘ΗΉͦΞͳ͏ͮͪࠫพద͵ѽ͏͍͕͖͗ͮͪ͝Ͳɼ຿ؔ͹੠ࢢώϱέɼͨΗ͖Δ
຿ؔ͹ঁࢊࢥ͗‫ܨ‬ӨͤΖ෈ೝ࣑ྏέϨωρέɼͨΗ͖ΔυϱϜʖέͲͺ๑ཱ৏͹ྈ਎ͳͺ೟ΌΔΗͱ͏͵͏Γ͑͵Ωρϕϩɼ͑͞͏ͮͪ‫ंܐؖ‬͹๏ʓ͗કྲྀదͶघΝૌ΋Γ͑Ͷ͵ͮͪΚ͜Ͳͤɽ੠ࢢ఑‫ڛ‬͹‫ؖ‬࿊Ͳ‫ͳ͑ݶ‬ɼ຿ӨԿɼঐ඾ԿɼͨΗ͖Δ੕࣑‫׈‬ಊ͗ૌΊ߻Κ͠Ζ͞ͳͲɼ͞͹‫ع‬ଚ͹ΏΕ๏Ν෶ͤΓ͑͵‫׈‬ಊ͗υϱϜʖέΏଠ͹ϦʖϫρϏঀࠅͲ਼೧ؔ͹͑ͬͶड़‫͘ͱ͢ݳ‬Ήͪ͢͢ɼͨΗͶɼ‫وͳߨ׵‬੏͹รߍΝ੔ޯͦ͠Ζཀྵ༟Ͷ΍͵ΕΉͪ͢ɽಝͶಝජͤ΄͘͵͹ͺɼ(8͹‫و‬੏Ώࠅ಼๑Ν͚͛Εൊ͜ͱɼঃ੓͗ࠅ‫ڧ‬Νӿ͓ͱ෈ೝ࣑ྏΏ੠ࢢΝཤ༽ͪ͢Εɼ఑‫ڛ‬੠ࢢ͗ࠅ‫ڧ‬Νӿ͓ͱ൤ജ͠ΗͪΕͤΖࠕɼ৿͚͢ड़‫੊͢ݳ‬ֆదͶൡӭ͢ͱ͏Ζ෈ೝ࣑ྏ‫ۂ‬ֆͶͳͮͱɼ͑͞͏ͮͪ࿊‫͗ܠ‬ඉ৙Ͷ॑གྷ͵ༀׄΝՎͪ͢ͱ͏Ζͳ͏͑͞ͳͲͤɽ͞͹Γ͑͵รԿ͹Ҳྭͳ͢ͱɼυϱϜʖέ͹੠ࢢώϱέͳঁࢊࢥ͗‫ܨ‬ӨͤΖέϨωρέ͗Ձ೧΍͹ؔɼ‫و‬੏Νण͜͵͏Γ͑͵‫׈Ͳؔۯ‬ಊͤΖ͞ͳ͗Ͳͪ͘ɼ͖ͫΔඉಙ໌͹χψʖ͗఑‫ͤڛ‬Ζ੠ࢢ͹६ඍʀ࢘༽͗Ն೵Ͷ͵ͮͪͳ͏͑ࣆࣰ͗‫͝ڏ‬ΔΗΉͤɽࣰࡏυϱϜʖέͲͺ͞͹͞ͳ͍͗ͮͪͪΌͶɼࠕౕͺҫࢥ͗ඉಙ໌χψʖΝ࢘༽ͤΖમ୔ࢸΝಚΖͳ͏ͮͪ͞ͳ͗Ն೵Ͷ͵ͮͱ͏ͮͪΚ͜Ͳͤɽ ೧͹υϱϜʖέͲ͹๑ཱࢬߨ͹݃Վɼࣙ༟Կͳ‫و‬੏Կ͹ྈ๏ࣰ͗ࢬ͠ΗΉͪ͢ɽಙ໌੓ͳχψʖ৚ๅ͹ϪϗϩͶ‫ͱؖ͢‬ͺɼ࣑ྏΝण͜Ζਕ͗݀ఈͤΖ͞ͳ͗Ͳ͘ΖΓ͑Ͷ͵ͮͪҲ๏ɼ੠ࢢώϱέͳঁࢊࢥॶ༙͹෈ೝ࣑ྏέϨωρέͺɼ‫ࡑݳ‬ɼҫࢥͳಋͣ๑ཱͶΓͮͱ‫و‬੏͠Ηͱ͏Ήͤɽ੠ࢢώϱΫϱήͳ੠ࢢ఑‫ڛ‬͹ࠕΉͲͶ͍ͮͪߨҟΝഃշͤΖΓ͑͵ߨҟࣰભ͗ఴ֋͠Ηͪգఖɼ͑͞͏ͮͪ΍͹ΝմੵͤΖ͞ͳͲɼ༩଎Ͳ͘͵༹͖ͮͪʓ͵য়‫ڱ‬Ώ෵ࡸ͵য়‫ڱ‬ԾͲɼ৯ʓ͵‫و‬൥࣏͖͗Δ࣏΃ͳౌ৖͢ͱͪ͘ͳ͏͑͞ͳ͗໎Δ͖Ͷ͵ΕΉͤɽ͞Ηͺ‫و‬൥ΝΌ͛ΖިমͳɼͨΗ
͖Δ‫ߨݳ‬Ν෶ͤΓ͑͵ߨҟͳ͏͑΍͹͗ɼʹ͹Γ͑Ͷ͢ͱ۫ରద͵݃ՎΝ΍ͪΔ͖ͪ͢ͳ͏͑͞
ͳ΍ࣖࠨ͢ͱ͚ΗΉͤɽͨ͢ͱɼਕͳਕͳ͹‫ܐؖ‬੓Ͷ‫ͤؖ‬Ζިম͗ɼ࣎ؔ͹‫ܨ‬գͳͳ΍Ͷ‫܃‬Εศ
20

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Issues Regarding Commercial Sperm Banks from The Ethical, Gender and Social Perspective͠Ηͱͪ͘ͳ͏͑͞ͳΝཀྵմ͢͵͜Ηͻ͏͜ΉͦΞ͢ɼΉͪɼ͞͹Γ͑͵รԿΝྼ࢛ద͵ชຼͲ΍ཀྵմ͢͵͜Ηͻ͏͜͵͏ͳ͏͑͞ͳɼͨ͹͞ͳΝͬ͘Ξͳԣ͓͠ͱ͕͚චགྷ͍͗ΕΉͤɽ‫͏ݶ‬‫͓׷‬Ηͻɼ͑͞͏ͮͪ͞ͳΝͬ͘Ξͳԣ͓͠Ζɼ೟ࣟ͢ͱ͕͚͞ͳͶΓͮͱɼࠕΉͲΉͫ౶͓Δ
Ηͱ͏͵͏Γ͑͵ٛ໲΍ଡ͚ड़ͱ͚Ζ͞ͳͶ͵ΕΉͤɽ͠ΔͶɼ͞͹υϱϜʖέ͹ඉഓ۰ंؔ͹ਕ޽द੠ͶΉͯΚΖഃշద͵ߨҟࣰભͶ‫ͤؖ‬Ζ෼‫͑͏ͳޢ‬͹ͺɼ੠ࢢ఑‫ࣙڛ‬ରͺ߶ౕ͵ٗढ़Ͳͺ͵͏Ͷ͢ͱ΍ɼ੊ֆద͵ϕϫιηɼٗढ़͹รԿɼ৿͢͏ऀճదགྷ‫ٽ‬Ν௪ͣͱɼυϱϜʖέͲͺଠ͹ࠅͳಋ༹Ͷ͞͹‫و‬൥Ͷ‫ͤؖ‬Ζ࿨૬͗କ͚ͫΘ͑ͳ͏͑͞ͳΝࣖ͢ͱ͏Ήͤɽ‫ࡑݳ‬͹੊ֆద͵໲ୌͺɼғષͳ͢ͱՊଔͳ͏͑֕೨ͳ݃;෉͏ͱ͏Ήͤɽ઎਒ࠅͲͺΓΕଡ͚͹ୱਐ੊ଵ͗ਫ਼ΉΗͱ͘ͱ͏Ήͤ͢ɼ఑‫ڛ‬੠ࢢ͹ऩགྷ͹ଁՅͶΓͮͱՊ෗ௗద͵Պଔߑଆ͗੔Εཱིͪ͵͚͵Ζͳ͏ͮͪՆ೵੓΍ɼΉͤΉͤड़ͱ͘ͱ͏ΉͤɽҪఽࢢ‫ࠬݗ‬͹৿͢͏‫ࠬݗ‬Ϗϧξ΢Ϟͳಙ໌੓͹໲ୌͺɼগཔదͶͺ͠ΔͶ‫ٺە‬੓͹߶͏໲ୌͶ͵ΖՆ೵੓΍͍ΕΉͤɽࢴ͖ΔͺҐ৏Ͷ͵ΕΉͤɽ͟੫௎͍Ε͗ͳ͑͟͡͏Ήͪ͢ɽ

21䝇䝔䜱䞁䞉䜶䜲䝗䝸䜰䞁

Stine Willum Adrian⢭Ꮚᥦ౪䛾䛧䛯䛯䛛䛺ᐇ㊶䇶ᅜቃ䛻䛚䛡䜛೔⌮䇷

Subversive Practices of Donor Sperm 䇵 Ethics on The Border

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Issues Regarding Commercial Sperm Banks from The Ethical, Gender and Social Perspective23䝇䝔䜱䞁䞉䜶䜲䝗䝸䜰䞁

Stine Willum Adrian⢭Ꮚᥦ౪䛾䛧䛯䛯䛛䛺ᐇ㊶䇶ᅜቃ䛻䛚䛡䜛೔⌮䇷

Subversive Practices of Donor Sperm 䇵 Ethics on The Border

24

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Issues Regarding Commercial Sperm Banks from The Ethical, Gender and Social Perspective25

䝇䝔䜱䞁䞉䜶䜲䝗䝸䜰䞁

Stine Willum Adrian⢭Ꮚᥦ౪䛾䛧䛯䛯䛛䛺ᐇ㊶䇶ᅜቃ䛻䛚䛡䜛೔⌮䇷

Subversive Practices of Donor Sperm 䇵 Ethics on The Border

26

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Issues Regarding Commercial Sperm Banks from The Ethical, Gender and Social Perspective27䝇䝔䜱䞁䞉䜶䜲䝗䝸䜰䞁

Stine Willum Adrian⢭Ꮚᥦ౪䛾䛧䛯䛯䛛䛺ᐇ㊶䇶ᅜቃ䛻䛚䛡䜛೔⌮䇷

Subversive Practices of Donor Sperm 䇵 Ethics on The Border

28

IGS 䜸䞁䝷䜲䞁䝉䝭䝘䞊䠄⏕Ṫ㡿ᇦ䠅䠎䠌䠎䠍ᖺ䠓᭶䠎᪥䠄㔠䠅㛤ദၟᴗⓗ⢭Ꮚ䝞䞁䜽䛻㛵䛩䜛ၥ㢟䇷೔⌮䞉䝆䜵䞁䝎䞊䞉♫఍ⓗഃ㠃䛛䜙䇷

Issues Regarding Commercial Sperm Banks from The Ethical, Gender and Social Perspective29䝇䝔䜱䞁䞉䜶䜲䝗䝸䜰䞁

Stine Willum Adrian⢭Ꮚᥦ౪䛾䛧䛯䛯䛛䛺ᐇ㊶䇶ᅜቃ䛻䛚䛡䜛೔⌮䇷

Subversive Practices of Donor Sperm 䇵 Ethics on The Border

30

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Issues Regarding Commercial Sperm Banks from The Ethical, Gender and Social Perspective31䝇䝔䜱䞁䞉䜶䜲䝗䝸䜰䞁

Stine Willum Adrian⢭Ꮚᥦ౪䛾䛧䛯䛯䛛䛺ᐇ㊶䇶ᅜቃ䛻䛚䛡䜛೔⌮䇷

Subversive Practices of Donor Sperm 䇵 Ethics on The Border

32

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Issues Regarding Commercial Sperm Banks from The Ethical, Gender and Social Perspective33䝇䝔䜱䞁䞉䜶䜲䝗䝸䜰䞁

Stine Willum Adrian⢭Ꮚᥦ౪䛾䛧䛯䛯䛛䛺ᐇ㊶䇶ᅜቃ䛻䛚䛡䜛೔⌮䇷

Subversive Practices of Donor Sperm 䇵 Ethics on The Borderౌஅं়ղητΡϱʀ:ʀΦ΢χϨΠϱࢱητΡϱʀΤΡϧϞʀΦ΢χϨΠϱࢱͺυϱϜʖέͶ͍ΖΨʖϩϚʖ୉ָ͹τέόਕྪָָՌ͹०‫گ‬दͲ͍ΖɽΦ΢χϨΠϱࢱͺऀճָंͳ͢ͱ͹‫ݩܨ‬Ν੷ΊɼηΤΥʖυϱ͹Ϩϱεϥʖϒϱή୉ָζΥϱξʖ‫ڂݜ‬ՌͲϓΥϝωηφ 676 ͳชԿ෾ੵ͹ദ࢞ߺΝखಚͪ͢ɽΦ΢χϨΠϱࢱͺɼҫྏٗढ़͹຿ଔࢿͳϓΥϝωηφཀྵ࿨ΝɼชԿ෾ੵɼྛཀྵɼ๑ཱͳ݃;ͯ͜ɼָࡏదͶ‫ڂݜ‬ΝͤͤΌͱ͏Ζɽͨ͢ͱਫ਼৫ٗढ़ͳਫ਼ͳࢰʤೝ৹ʀड़ࢊΏ஦ઊΏໍ͹͕ΚΕʥɼζΥϱξʖɼިࠫ੓ɼ
ٗढ़ྛཀྵ͹໲ୌΏɼ຿ଔࢿదघ๑Ν‫ڂݜ‬ଲেͶ͢ͱ͏Ζɽͨ͢ͱɼਫ਼৫ٗढ़Ͷ‫ͤؖ‬Ζ͏͚͖ͯ͹ใ‫ׇ‬ద͵຿ଔָదϓΡʖϩχϭʖέΝ௪͢ͱɼಝͶυϱϜʖέ͹੠ࢢ͹ήϫʖώϩԿͳɼ఑‫ڛ‬੠ࢢΝ‫ٽ‬ΌͱυϱϜʖέΝ๜ΗΖ෈ೝ͹ਫ਼৫φϧϗϧʖ͹ଁՅͶͯ͏ͱɼௗ೧ͶΚͪͮͱ‫ͱ͢ڂݜ‬͘ͱ͏Ζɽ%LRJUDSKLFDOQRWHVRI'U6WLQH:LOOXP$GULDQ
Stine Willum Adrian is an Associate Professor in Techno-Anthropology at Aalborg University,
Denmark. She is trained as a sociologist and holds a PhD in feminist STS and cultural
analysis from the Department of Gender Studies, /LQNØSLQJ University, Sweden. $GULDQbV
work is interdisciplinary joining ethnography of medical technologies and feminist theory with
cultural analysis, ethics and law. Her research interests lie in questions concerning
reproductive technologies of life and death, gender, intersectionality, ethics of technologies,
and ethnographic methods. Adrian has carried out several comprehensive ethnographic
fieldworks of reproductive technologies, not least she has for years studied the globalizationof Danish sperm and the increase in fertility travelers coming to Denmark for donor
sperm. She published so many Journal articles and book chapters.
She published so many Journal articles and book chapters. (e.g.)$GULDQ 6 :   5HWKLQNLQJ 5HSURGXFWLYH 6HOHFWLRQ 7UDYHOLQJ 7UDQVQDWLRQDOO\ IRU 6SHUP

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Issues Regarding Commercial Sperm Banks from The Ethical, Gender and Social Perspective

35