Issue No. 22, December 2023

ISBN 978-9966-124-73-9

NEWSLETTERTECHNOPOLICY AFRICAThe Official Newsletter of the African Technology Policy Studies Network (ATPS)

COVER ARTICLESREVOLUTIONIZINGAGRICULTURE

READ MORE
This article shares how AI and IoT offer promisingsolutions to enhance smallholder farmers' resilienceagainst climate variability....pg 4

By Dr. Betsy Muriithi

READ MORE
This article explores how the corporate landscape ischanging as Africa embraces the digital era, presenting
a fertile ground for technical developments....pg 9

DIGITALSAFEGUARD
By Mwyne Peter

1

CONTENTS
Editorial Team
Editor in Chief:
Prof. Nicholas Ozor
Editor:Susan Aquila Mburu
Contributors:
Dr. Betsy Muriithi
Mr. Mwyne Peter
Dr. Landry Signé
Ms. Conjesta Kadege
Ms. Kariithi Anne Wanjiku

ATPS Vision:
To use Science, Technology, and Innovation (STI) as a means forachieving sustainable development in Africa
ATPS Mission :To improve the quality of Science, Technology, and Innovation(STI) systems research, policy, and practice by strengthening
the capacity for STI knowledge generation, dissemination, anduse for sustainable development in Africa
Overall Objective:
To build Africa’s capability in Science, Technology, andInnovation for sustainable development
ATPS Motto:
Building Africa’s capabilities in Science, Technology, andInnovation policy research, policymaking, and policy
implementation for sustainable development.
Inside:Chairman’s Message.............................................................................2
Executive Director’s Message.............................................................3
Revolutionizing Agriculture: Empowering Smallholder Farmers with IoT
and Responsible AI..........................................................................................................4

Design & Layout:
Susan Aquila Mburu & Ian Njuguna

Digital Safeguard: Safeguarding African Businesses in the
Digital Age..........................................................................................9Investment in science and technology is key to an African
economic boom....................................................................................11
Communication Strategies for Advancing Science, Technology,
and Innovation in Africa........................................................................14
Interview................................................................................................16
News at a Glance.......................................................................... .......18
Photo Gallery.......................................................................................20

Chairman’s Message

2

Prof. Crispus Kiamba,
Chairman, ATPS Board of Directors
As we approach the close of another impactful year, it

Together,

we

have

brings me great pleasure to address you in my capacity

collaborativeenvironment

as the Chairman of the Board of Directors of the ATPS.

groundbreaking

research

This has been a year marked by resilience, collaboration,

contributions to the socio-economic development ofand forward-thinking initiatives within our vibrantour continent.

community of researchers, policymakers, private sector

The success of our projects, our engagement withactors, and innovators among others.

globalThroughout the year, ATPS has continued its unwaveringresearchers and innovators on the international stage

commitment to fostering science, technology, andunderscore the positive impacts that ATPS is making.

innovation for sustainable development in Africa. Our

These achievements are a testament to the dedication

projects have not only addressed critical challenges but

and hard work of each member of our dynamic teamhave also illuminated new pathways toward a brighterand network.

future for our continent.

Looking ahead, as we step into a new year filled with

I am delighted to extend my heartfelt congratulations topromises

our esteemed Executive Director, Prof. Nicholas Ozor,

commitment to leveraging science, technology, andon his well-deserved promotion to Professor. Prof.

innovation to address the pressing challenges facing

Ozor's dedication, leadership, and visionary approach

Africa. Together, we can shape policies that propel us

have played a pivotal role in steering ATPS to new

towardheights. Under his exemplary guidance, ATPS hastechnologically advanced future.

continued to thrive, achieving remarkable milestones

As we celebrate our achievements, let us also reflect

and garnering international recognitions.

on the work that lies ahead. Together, we will continue

As we celebrate Prof. Ozor's achievements, let us also

to drive positive change and make meaningfulacknowledge the entire ATPS team for their unwavering

contributionscommitment to advancing science, technology, andtechnology, and innovation in Africa.

innovation in Africa.

Wishing you all a joyful festive season and apartners,

andacreatedandthepossibilities,

more

to

a

that
and

let

us

prosperous New Year 2024!

meaningful

of

renew

inclusive,advancement

andfosters

recognition

sustainable,

thedynamic

of

our

our

and

science,Executive Director’s Message

3

Prof. Nicholas Ozor,
Executive Director, ATPSAs we draw near to the close of 2023, it is with immense

Moreover, I had the privilege of participating in the 'Science

enthusiasm that I share the remarkable milestones we have

Granting Councils Initiative (SGCI) Annual Forum and theachieved together at the African Technology Policy Studies

Global Research Council (GRC) Sub-Saharan Africa Regional

Network (ATPS). This year has been a testament to our

Meeting, hosted in Mombasa, Kenya from November 13th to

dedication to innovation and adaptability.

17th, 2023. This event brought together representatives fromIn 2023, we have successfully introduced several new programs

over thirty countries to deliberate on key issues such as

and initiatives, showcasing our commitment to addressing theScience, Technology, and Innovation (STI), climate change, andevolving needs of stakeholders in the Science, Technology, andthe vital role of funding agencies in funding research andInnovation (STI) ecosystem across Africa and beyond. Ourinnovation development in the participating countries as well

proactive approach has seen the launch of more than fiveas policymaking and implementation. At the heart of the 2023

impactful projects aimed at tackling societal challenges,

Annual Forum was a Masterclass on research funding flows,

including issues bordering on agriculture, food and nutrition

providing valuable insights into the complex landscape of

security, innovation, skills and youth employment, climate

funding from various sources. The session aimed to equipchange and environment, artificial intelligence development

Scienceanddeployment,

researchandinnovation

funding,

policymaking and implementation, and gender equality andOur outreach efforts have expanded significantly, creating
connections

withCouncils(SGCs)

withconcreterecommendations to effectively manage research agendas andfoster partnerships.
I want to express my gratitude to all our stakeholders and thesocial inclusion among others.

meaningful

Grantingabroader

communityofinnovators, researchers, and thought leaders in the STI
landscape. We are proud to report that our partnerships withkey stakeholders have been strengthened, amplifying ourcollective impact on the STI ecosystem.
I was honored to represent ATPS at the African Union Consultative
Meeting on Science, Technology, and Innovation Strategy for Africa(STISA) 2034. This pivotal gathering, which took place from the 7th
to the 8th of November 2023 in Cape Town, South Africa, wasdedicated ATPS team for their unwavering commitment andsupport. It is your passion and hard work that continue to drive
our mission forward, and I am confident that together, we willachieve even greater milestones in the coming years. In a
special way I want to thank our consortium of donors for theircontinued support to the ATPS Strategy, Programs andInterventions that aim to use STI as a means for achieving
sustainable development in Africa.
As we approach the festive season and the dawn of a new year,
I extend my warmest wishes to each one of you. May the

focused on shaping the Science, Technology, and Innovation

holiday season be filled with joy, reflection, and moments oflandscape for our continent over the next decade. Together withrejuvenation. Here's to a Happy Festive Season and a New Yearesteemed participants, we are actively engaging in drafting thefilled with growth, prosperity, and collaborative success.

strategy that will guide Africa's development through STI fromThank you for your ongoing dedication to advancing science,

2024 to 2034.

technology, and innovation in Africa.

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Revolutionizing Agriculture:
Empowering Smallholder
Farmers with IoT and
Responsible AI
By Dr. Betsy Muriithi, Research Fellow at iLab Africa,
Strathmore University, Nairobi, Kenya.

Introduction
In the ever-evolving landscape of agriculture and food security, smallholder farmers in Africa stand as
key players in maintaining local economies and securing essential nourishment. In Kenya, smallholder
production on farms of less than 2 hectares is responsible for about 80% of the nation’s agricultural
output. Smallholder farmers are highly dependent on rainfed farming systems, which leaves them highly
susceptible to unpredictable weather and climate patterns due to climate change posing a substantial
obstacle to their productivity and livelihoods.
One of the means to climate-proof the agriculture sector is the development of agro-weather
forecasting, monitoring, and dissemination tools. Access to accurate weather information significantly
impacts agricultural decision-making. Farmers armed with precise weather data can optimise planting
and harvesting activities, leading to improved crop yields and reduced losses. Moreover, climate
forecasts contribute to vulnerability reduction against droughts and extreme weather, thereby
enhancing food security and livelihoods. Additionally, integrating indigenous knowledge with scientific
data has been shown to increase the adoption and effectiveness of early warning messages.
Our analysis of a sample of smallholder farmers in Nambale and Butula Sub-counties in Busia County
found significant barriers to access and use of weather and climate information services. The main
challenges were categorised as access-related barriers and utilisation-related barriers. Access-related
barriers included issues such as no access channels, and poor network coverage among others assummarised in Figure 1.

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Figure 1 Barriers to accessing weather and climate information.

In terms of utilisation of weather and climate information services, language and literacy-related barriers
are the major challenges cited by smallholder farmers sampled summarised in Figure 2. The majority also
felt that the information provided was not relevant to their needs making it difficult to apply in theirfarming practices.

Figure 2 Barriers to using weather and climate information.
Overall, the lack of access to localized and usable weather and climate data renders them highly vulnerable
to sudden shifts in weather conditions and hinders their ability to adapt to climate change. These
challenges need to be addressed to secure the future of the nation's food system in the wake of climatechange.

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The Promise of AI and IoT in Agriculture
The synergy of Artificial Intelligence (AI) and Internet of Things (IoT) technologies is being used to address
various challenges in agriculture head-on. The convergence of Artificial Intelligence (AI) and Internet ofThings (IoT) technologies offers a potential solution to enhance crop yield, production monitoring, andsustainable agriculture practices, all of which are crucial for ensuring food security. The potential of AI andIoT applications in smart agriculture is being explored extensively, to revolutionize precision farming
practices and have demonstrated the capacity to transform various aspects of agriculture, including soil
monitoring, precision seeding, smart irrigation, predictive analytics, and disease detection.
Focusing on weather and climate information, on the one hand, IoT technologies have actualised thetransition from traditional macro-infrastructures that rely on expensive weather stations to mini weather
stations using cheaper wireless sensor networks that can be deployed at the farmer level. Theseaffordable devices equipped with various sensors offer real-time data collection and transmission, which
can empower farmers with localized and cost-effective weather data, enabling informed decisions andeffective resource allocation. Moreover, smallholder farmers have access to readily available mobile
phones that can be utilised in disseminating the forecasts at the local level. Therefore, Large Language
Models can be leveraged to build conversational agents that disseminate information via chatbots in thepreferred language of smallholder farmers to increase the uptake of information by reducing literacy andlanguage barriers. Thus, we aim to contribute to this active area of research of empowering smallholder
farmers with affordable IoT-enabled weather stations and AI-driven climate information services. Byenhancing climate resilience and offering accurate weather forecasting, this research seeks to mitigate
climate-related challenges and improve agricultural productivity.

The Mini-Weather Station System
The mini-weather station system comprises a mini-weather station that collects data from a 20km radius
on different weather parameters, which include temperature, UV index, humidity, and light using sensors.
The collected data is transferred to an online database and made available through a website and a mobile
application.
The mini weather station design experimented with different materials to ensure the costs are maintained
at a suitable level as depicted. 3D printed casings are often utilised in previous studies however, due tothe limited printers in the country, this appreciates the cost substantially. Therefore, a design withelectrical casing was developed with AB-testing to be conducted once substantial data has been collected.
Additionally, to make it self-sustainable a solar panel of 5v 11 mAh is used to charge a 5 V battery.

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Figure 3 3D printed casing

Figure 4 Electrical box casing

The data from the mini weather stations is collected, analysed, and visualised on a web application basedon Microsoft Power BI. The application allows for remote monitoring of the devices in terms of signal
strength, battery power, and weather readings.

Figure 5 Web application showing the device status and readings page.
The mobile app is an integral part of disseminating information to smallholder farmers. It includes aninterface to display the readings and weather forecasts as well as a voice-based advisory. The voiceadvisory process that takes in a user input specifying the crop of interest, say "maharagwe" (beans) for
instance, the tool employs the HuggingFace Mbaaza Speech-to-Text (STT) model, to transcribe the user's
spoken Swahili into text.

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Figure 6 Daily weather andforecast page of the mobile
application

Figure 7 The voice-based agroadvisory interface

Conclusion
In conclusion, AI and IoT offer promising solutions to enhance smallholder farmers' resilience against
climate variability. While challenges in access and utilization persist, innovative approaches demonstrate
the potential to revolutionize weather information dissemination. Empowering smallholder farmers withaccurate and localized data is crucial for securing the future of food systems in the face of climate change.
The successful integration of AI-driven tools with IoT-based weather stations has shown how data-driven
insights can empower smallholder farmers.
The salient features of our solution include maintaining local development and using sustainable materials
to ensure the devices are not restrictive to local community-based organisations in terms of cost.
Additionally, the deployment of interactive voice response systems in local languages further promotes
inclusivity and user-friendly access, addressing barriers posed by limited digital literacy. The devices are
currently deployed at Machakos, KALRO headquarters and KALRO Muguga farm offer lessons that will
provide a solid foundation for future deployments in regions of Busia, enabling the refinement andoptimization of the system based on real-world experiences. Specifically, 20 mini-weather stations will be
deployed in Butula and Nambale Sub-counties in Lwanikha, Kisoko, Bulwani and Bukhalalire Villages.

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Safeguarding African
Businesses in the Digital Age

By Mwyne Peter, a cybersecurity visionary dedicated tosafeguarding digital landscapes. He is passionate about
fortifying defenses and implementing proactive strategies in
the constantly evolving cyber world.

The corporate landscape changes as Africa embraces the digital era, presenting a fertile ground fortechnical developments. However, with these advancements come new concerns—cybersecurity threats.
Due to the exponential development in technology adoption, businesses across the continent havebecome key targets for cyberattacks, presenting a complicated web of difficulties that require fosteredaction.
An article published by the Daily Nation reports on a survey that the business, trade, and commerce
sectors at 23.1 percent are vulnerable to cybercrimes, impacting the Kenyan economy from small
businesses to large trade operations. Governmental bodies are not spared at 14.0% posing risks to public
services and national security.

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A notable incident that recently echoed across the continent involves a cyberattack that happened to
Naivas, a big retail chain store in Kenya. According to the Senate ICT commission, Naivas might face a Kes 5
million penalty for failing to report a data breach within 72 hours, as mandated by the Data Protection Act
of 2019. According to Immaculate Kassait, Data Commissioner, from the Office of Data Protection
Commission, the incident resulted in data loss due to the illicit transfer of 611GB of personal data, as wellas harming Naivas' reputation. Experts recommend creating strong security measures, timely reporting,personnel training, data protection rules, and regular monitoring to avoid such breaches.
The varied character of cyberattacks in Africa is caused by a variety of variables. Among these is thepervasive lack of cybersecurity awareness and skills within firms. Many businesses struggle with obsolete IT
infrastructure, making them more vulnerable to intrusions. The lack of effective cybersecurity rules andprocedures exacerbates the situation, leaving firms vulnerable to possible assaults.
Nonetheless, opportunities exist for African enterprises to strengthen their cyber defenses in the digitalage. Defined by continual improvements, the importance of cybersecurity for African enterprises cannot
be stressed enough. The ever-changing threat landscape needs proactive steps to increase awareness andfortify defenses. While activities like conferences, workshops, and campaigns are important, a holistic
approach is required to cultivate a resilient cybersecurity culture.
Navigating the African cybersecurity landscape requires a comprehensive plan. This entails integrating
various elements such as tailored training programs, collaborative information sharing, expert engagement,
practical exercises, regulatory education, continuous monitoring, cultural assimilation, risk assessments,
incident response drills, and the use of advanced technologies. This multimodal cybersecurity approachenables businesses to build their digital defenses, allowing them to protect their assets and thrive in atechnologically advanced environment.
A continual commitment to keeping software and systems up todate with the most recent security updates dramatically improves
an organization’s resistance to known vulnerabilities. Regularsecurity audits and penetration testing, serve as preventative
measures, identifying and correcting flaws before malicious actors
exploit them. Investment in strong cybersecurity solutions, such as
firewalls and encryption technologies, is critical.
Developing a comprehensive cybersecurity incident response strategy is critical for effectively mitigating
the aftermath of an attack, and limiting downtime and financial damages. Working with cybersecurity
specialists to analyze threats, develop solutions, and provide continuing support can help strengthen an
organization’s security posture.
Cybersecurity is no longer a peripheral concern, but rather an indispensable necessity for African
enterprises of all sizes. Companies may protect their operations, maintain their reputation, and foster
client trust by proactively bolstering their defenses. As technology evolves, it is critical to be watchful andagile in cybersecurity efforts in order to outmaneuver changing threats.

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Investment in science and technology is key to an
African economic boom

By Dr. Landry Signé from Cameroon. He is the Founding
Co-Director of Globalization 4.0 and Fourth Industrial
Revolution Initiative at Thunderbird School of Global
Management and Fellow at Stanford University’s Center
for African Studies.

The African continent represents 20 percent of the earth’s surface and is home to 1.3 billion people—
likely reaching 2.53 billion people by 2050. It boasts 60 percent of the world’s arable lands, large swathesof forests, 30 percent of the world’s reserve of minerals, and the youngest population of any continent.
Yet, despite these riches, it produces only 3 percent of global GDP, accounts for less than 3 percent ofinternational trade (mainly primary commodities and natural resources), and shoulders 25 percent of the
global disease burden. The picture is particularly bleak when it comes to research and innovation: Africa
contributes just 2 percent of world research output, accounts for only 1.3 percent of research spending,and produces 0.1 percent of all patents.
How can a continent that has fueled the world’s industrial revolutions, that helped drive the dominanceof the mobile phone industry, and whose large store of rare earth minerals is integral to the global green
energy transition tolerate such dismal statistics?
A lack of investment in science and technology has undermined Africa’s economic transformation at boththe structural level (the shift of workers and resources from low- to higher-productivity sectors) and thesectoral level (the growth of productivity within sectors). This lack of investment has had far-reachingconsequences: Without the economic and scientific infrastructure necessary for innovation, thecontinent has continued to rely on the colonial development model of resource extraction, which is bothunsustainable and largely responsible for its debilitating poverty and aid dependency. These challenges
have been compounded by economic fragmentation, as smaller markets constrain the long-term
investments and patient capital that would foster innovation and drive technology transfer in the context
of globalization.
The silver lining is that there is potential here with a growing recognition by policymakers of the role thatscience and technology can play in achieving national development goals and transforming Africa’s
economic growth story. Moreover, given the positive correlation between growth and environments thatbeget competition and innovation, competitiveness must be fostered.

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Thus, African countries must create an enabling environment through pro-innovation, pro-science, and protechnology policies dedicated to overcoming barriers related to regulation, corruption, and investment,
while enabling private-sector innovation, adaptation, and adoption. At the same time, African governments
must also invest in creating an ecosystem that facilitates investment in science and technology in a waythat will not just accelerate discovery but allow innovations to enter the marketplace more quickly.
The tide of Africa’s brain drain must be reversed by creating a world-class education and research
infrastructure that will keep the best minds on the continent and attract new ones.
Bridging the skills deficiency gap in science, technology, and innovation is vital to unlocking Africa’s
potential and accelerating economic growth and prosperity. The best-trained, most talented researchers
gravitate to environments where their work is leveraged by modern equipment, reliable utilities, andsufficient funding for supplies—and, perhaps most critically, where they can benefit from the presence ofother talented people.
Thus, the tide of Africa’s brain drain must be reversed by creating a world-class education and research
infrastructure that will keep the best minds on the continent and attract new ones. Already, South Africa
leads the way here, with a robust research system comprised of excellent universities and science facilities
that allow it to be a full-fledged contributor to the global scientific community and an integral participant ininternational collaborations.

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As human talent is developed across the continent, investment in research, science, and innovation will
increase dramatically across various sectors, including manufacturing, which will be a significant factor in
helping Africa realize its development potential and narrow its income and welfare gaps. Business-tobusiness spending in manufacturing in Africa is projected to reach $1 trillion by 2050—a trend that createsa massive opportunity for the continent’s overall growth.
Creating an ecosystem where scientific culture can be central to economic transformation andpolicymaking decisions is a long-term investment that must not be at the mercy of either political or
business cycles. Success will require effective tripartite (public-private-academia) collaborations andpartnerships that will need to be sustained over time. If Africa can do this in the era of the African
Continental Free Trade Area, the benefits of science, technology, and innovation can be marshaled for
greater economic, social, and environmental sustainability, both on the continent and beyond.
As human talent is developed across the continent, investment in research, science, and innovation will
increase dramatically across various sectors, including manufacturing, which will be a significant factor in
helping Africa realize its development potential and narrow its income and welfare gaps.

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Communication Strategies for Advancing Science,
Technology, and Innovation in Africa

By Conjesta Kadege Communications Specialist at
Stamigold Biharamulo Mine, Tanzania

In the dynamic landscape of Africa's socio-economic development, the role of science, technology, andinnovation (STI) has emerged as a pivotal force driving progress. As we navigate the challenges andopportunities presented by the 21st century, effective communication becomes an indispensable tool infostering a climate where STI can flourish, ultimately propelling Africa towards sustained growth andprosperity.

The Power of Clear Communication in STI
At the heart of any successful STI
initiative

lies

the

accessible,

need

and

for

clear,

widespreadcommunication. Bridging the gap between
scientists, policymakers, businesses, andthe general public is crucial for creating
an environment where innovative ideas
can be shared, refined, and implemented.
One key aspect of this communication isthe ability to convey complex scientificconcepts in a way that resonates withdiverse audiences.
Scientists and researchers play a pivotal role in this process. By embracing effective science
communication practices, they can demystify intricate ideas and make them relatable to policymakers andthe public. This not only ensures a more informed and engaged society but also garners support for
research endeavors that have the potential to transform industries and improve lives.

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Enhancing Collaboration through Strategic Communication
The collaborative nature of STI requires a concerted effort in communication to break down silos andencourageinterdisciplinary

collaboration.

Initiatives

thatpromotedialogue

betweenscientists,

policymakers, and industry leaders can foster an ecosystem where knowledge flows seamlessly, leading togroundbreaking innovations.
Strategic communication also extends to international collaboration. Africa's STI community can benefit
immensely from forming global partnerships. Communicating effectively on an international scale opens
doors to shared resources, diverse perspectives, and collaborative projects that can accelerate progress.
Initiatives like joint research programs, technology transfer agreements, and cross-border innovation hubs
can be communicated strategically to attract global attention and participation.

Harnessing the Power of Digital Communication
In an era dominated by digital connectivity, leveraging technology for communication is paramount.
Embracing digital platforms can amplify the reach and impact of STI initiatives. Social media, for instance,
offers a direct channel to engage with a broad audience, share success stories, and create awareness about
the importance of STI in driving development.
Furthermore, digital communication facilitates the democratization of information. Online platforms can beused to disseminate research findings, provide access to educational resources, and connect experts withaspiring innovators. By harnessing the power of the internet and digital media, Africa can ensure that STIrelated information reaches even the remotest corners of the continent.

Championing Inclusivity in Communication
In an era dominated by digital connectivity, leveraging technology for communication is paramount.
Embracing digital platforms can amplify the reach and impact of STI initiatives. Social media, for instance,
offers a direct channel to engage with a broad audience, share success stories, and create awareness about
the importance of STI in driving development.
Furthermore, digital communication facilitates the democratization of information. Online platforms can beused to disseminate research findings, provide access to educational resources, and connect experts withaspiring innovators. By harnessing the power of the internet and digital media, Africa can ensure that STIrelated information reaches even the remotest corners of the continent.

Conclusion
Communication stands as a linchpin in the pursuit of advancing science, technology, and innovation for
Africa's socio-economic development. As we navigate the intricate web of progress, strategic and inclusive
communication emerges as a powerful catalyst, propelling the continent towards a future where innovation
knows no bounds. By embracing a culture of effective communication, Africa can harness the full potentialof its scientific prowess, ushering in an era of transformative growth and prosperity.

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An Interview with the Global Huawei ICT
Competition Winner on the Development of
Cardio-Intelligent Monitoring Systems

1. Introduce yourself and tell us the course you are pursuing.
I am Kariithi Anne, a final year student at Jomo Kenyatta University ofAgriculture and Technology currently in my final year pursuing abachelors degree BSc. Electronics and Computer Engineering. I am atech enthusiast, UI developer, and embedded systems Engineer.
Kariithi Anne Wanjiku,Electronics & Computer/Embedded
Systems Engineer

2. Your innovation on the cardio-intelligent monitoring system (ICMS) saw you win the Global Huawei ICT
Competition. Can you tell us about the inspiration behind the development of this system?
ICMS was birthed by a group of friends in August 2022. We identified a gap in the health sector and we thought
to bring our brains together and help solve it. Currently, cardiovascular disease has been the leading course ofdeath in the country and globally contributing to at least 25% of all admissions in Kenya and 13% of all deathsin Kenya back in 2019 as reported by WHO. Other than the increase in mortalities, it is also a burden to thesefamilies in terms of resources required to seek medical attention. It was therefore prudent to come up with asolution that addressed the problems stated above among others.
3. The cardio-intelligent monitoring system utilizes advanced algorithms. Could you explain how thesealgorithms work and their significance in monitoring and analyzing vital signs?
Our device is three parts in one robust system that allows doctors to monitor their patients remotely. We havean embedded systems side, a machine learning aspect, and the frontend side. We leveraged the use of
Artificial Intelligence to allow us to make predictions on the patients’ vitals specifically the ECG. An ECG showsthe electrical activities of the heart from which doctors can asses and see whether the heart's rhythm isnormal or not. The model is therefore in a position to do the same and it also has some classification
algorithms which will classify the data as either normal or not, learn from its past data, and be in a position topredict future conditions. This will help reduce mortality rates as future heart problems will be identified intime before they happen. Interesting right?

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4. Could you share some of the challenges your team faced during the development process, and how you
overcame them?
The biggest challenge that we encountered was access to patient data within our hospitals in Kenya. We dounderstand there is privacy to be looked into, but we thought hospitals would be more receptive to being
part of the research process and not just the finished product. However, I would like to thank our supervisor
Mr. Phillip Oyier who helped us get the necessary compliance documents which allowed full cooperation
with hospitals contributing to the general success of our project.
Another challenge was the lack of a Printed Circuit Board (PCB) in Kenya. As I had mentioned, our systems
also involve an embedded system, which is the physical monitoring device. We designed PCB schematics forthe electrical outlook of the product and were forced to send these files to China to get our boards
fabricated.
5. Being the only female member of the team, how has your experience and what advice do you have forother young women considering a career in science, technology, and innovation?
I would say that there is no such thing as a male-dominated field. I see where that is coming from, however, I
believe that with will and effort, women are also as smart and as able to thrive in the so-called maledominated field. My teammates were open to working with me and I was also the team leader, that speaks alot I should say. My advice to other young women who might feel threatened, I say to you don’t. We have thebrains; we know our skills and our potential and we are as much entitled to be in these fields as our fellow
men. Therefore, my parting shot to all women would be, let us not shy away from great opportunities, let’s
always be willing to put the best versions of ourselves out there and thrive; because we are capable.
6. Can you share any plans or developments your team has in mind for the cardio-intelligent monitoring
system?
We have started repackaging our product and making it as easy to use for the target audience. We want toscale it down to a wearable device, like a wristwatch, a patch that can be sown in clothes and are working tointegrate it into the pacemakers for more accurate and quality monitoring. We would also like to work with all
potential partners, hospitals, and governments to bring ICMS to market and help us curb the high mortality
rates due to cardiovascular disease.
7. In your opinion, how can the academic and research community better support and encourage young
innovators like yourself, especially in the fields of science, technology, and innovation?
This can be achieved through the inter-collaboration of different institutes in coming up with platforms thatallow students and youth, in general, to pitch their innovations and get support into transitioning these ideas
into actual products. However, I must say that young innovators should also put themselves out there, boldly
pitch their ideas, and leverage the hackathons or small competitions that are arranged locally by schools or
NGOs.

+254 020 2714092@atpsnetworkhttps://atpsnet.org/

17

News at a Glance

https://atpsnet.org/

ATPS Executive Director Advocates for Africa's STI
Future at AU Consultative Meeting18

In a significant stride towards shaping the future of Science,
Technology, and Innovation (STI) in Africa, Prof. Nicholas Ozor,
the Executive Director of the African Technology Policy
Studies Network (ATPS), represented the organization at theAfrican

Union

Consultative

Meetingonthe

Science,Technology, and Innovation Strategy for Africa (STISA) 2034.
The pivotal gathering, held from the 7th to the 8th ofNovember 2023 in Cape Town, South Africa, brought together
stakeholders from across the continent to draft the strategy
that will guide Africa's STI landscape for the next decade. The
original 10-year STISA strategy, launched in 2014, played acrucial role in propelling Africa's technological advancement
over the past decade. As it nears its conclusion in 2024, the

ATPS Executive Director Prof. Nicholas Ozor
speaking at the African Union Consultative
Meeting on Science, Technology, andInnovation Strategy for Africa (STISA) 2034 on
8th November 2023 in Cape Town, South Africa.

need for a new roadmap that aligns with the continent's
evolving needs and priorities becomes increasingly evident.

Prof. Ozor, renowned for his expertise in STI
research and policy in Africa, actively contributed tothis significant process. His participation not only
represents

ATPS

but

also

underscores

theorganization's commitment to advancing sustainable
STI for development in Africa.
At the heart of Professor Ozor's advocacy is thepush for policies and strategies that foster thegrowth of Africa's STI sector.
Prof. Ozor and other participants at STISA 2023 pose for a group
photo on 8th November 2023 in Cape Town, South Africa

This proactive approach aims to address the pressing societal challenges facing the continent and ensure that Africa
remains a leader in global innovation.
As the meeting progresses, stakeholders from diverse backgrounds are collaboratively defining strategies and priority
areas that will pave the way for a more innovative, technologically advanced, and sustainable future for Africa.
Professor Ozor's involvement reflects ATPS's dedication to being at the forefront of shaping Africa's STI landscape,driving positive change and innovation for sustainable development.
The ATPS community eagerly awaits the outcomes of this consultative meeting, recognizing the potential impact on
Africa's future trajectory in Science, Technology, and Innovation.

+254 020 2714092@atpsnetworkhttps://atpsnet.org/

News at a Glance

https://atpsnet.org/

Prof. Nicholas Ozor Attains Professorship
Milestone in Public Policy
In a momentous academic achievement, Professor Nicholas Ozor,
the Executive Director of the African Technology Policy Studies
Network (ATPS), has reached the prestigious rank of Professor of
Public Policy. Widely respected in academic circles, Prof. Ozor
holds a double Ph.D., with one in Agricultural Extension from the
University of Nigeria and another in International & Rural
Development from the University of Reading, United Kingdom.
His stellar expertise and significant contributions in the realm of
Science, Technology, and Innovation (STI) policy have built upon
the successes of his predecessors, positioning ATPS as Africa's
foremost STI Policy Think Tank. Throughout his illustrious career,Prof. Ozor has played pivotal roles in various internationally
ATPS Executive Director Professor
Nicholas Ozor.

funded research projects, encompassing critical areas such as
STI, agriculture and food systems, climate change, policy
development, technology management, and private sector
engagements.

Prof. Ozor's dedication to advancing sustainable development initiatives in Africa is exemplified by his
successful efforts in securing over 60 million USD in grants. A prolific academic, his body of work
comprises over 150 articles published in reputable international peer-reviewed journals and othermultimedia platforms, leaving a substantial impact in both academic and practical spheres.
A celebratory dinner held to mark Prof. Ozor's academic milestone was attended by his family, including
his wife and three children, as well as esteemed colleagues and partners. During the event, Professor Ozor
was praised as a visionary leader who has consistently guided the organization to greater heights.
As Prof. Ozor assumes his new role as a Professor of Public Policy, ATPS eagerly anticipates benefitingfrom his extensive knowledge and experience. The organization looks forward to continuing its journey ofdriving positive change and sustainable development across the African continent, particularly in utilizing
research evidence to inform policy and practice.

+254 020 2714092@atpsnetworkhttps://atpsnet.org/

19

Photo Gallery

https://atpsnet.org/

20

The Heads of Research Councils and Coordinators from Burkina Faso, Côte d'Ivoire, Senegal, Ghana, and Sierra
Leone, along with ATPS and AUST partners in the SRIFA Project, convened at the Science Granting Councils
Initiative (SGCI) Annual Forum and the Global Research Council (GRC) Sub-Saharan Africa Regional Meeting on
November 14, 2023, in Mombasa, Kenya.

ATPS Executive Director Prof. Nicholas Ozor, ATPS Postdoctoral Research Officer Dr. Cynthia Nwobodo, and ProfessorPeter Onwualu of the African University of Science & Technology (AUST) posing for a photo during the Science Granting
Councils Initiative (SGCI) Annual Forum and the Global Research Council (GRC) Sub-Saharan Africa Regional Meeting.

Participants at the LULUCF Research workshop pose for agroup photo on 26th September 2023.

+254 020 2714092

Prof. Nicholas Ozor, the Executive Director of the African
Technology Policy Studies Network (ATPS) delivering a
keynote presentation during the Land Use, Land Use Change
and Forestry (LULUCF) Impacts in Sub-Saharan Africa
workshop on 26 September 2023, in Ghana.

@atpsnetworkhttps://atpsnet.org/

Photo Gallery

https://atpsnet.org/

21

Participants at the “Design by Inclusion” workshop for the Gender Innovation Challenge Project held on November 8-9,2023, at Enziani Town, Nsukka, Enugu, Nigeria

ATPS Staff, partners from Initiative Prospective Agricole et Rurale (IPAR), Senegal, and West African Green Economic
Development Institute (WAGEDI), Nigeria during a SCALE Project implementation meeting held on 14th December 2023

+254 020 2714092@atpsnetworkhttps://atpsnet.org/

Photo Gallery

https://atpsnet.org/

22

ATPS Executive Director Prof. Nicholas Ozor participating in apanel discussion on “Re-imagining University Ecosystems for the
Future” during the Dissemination Conference of the Accelerating
Entrepreneurship Support in Universities (AESU) program at
Mercure hotel in Nairobi on 23rd November 2023.

Prof. Nicholas Ozor contributing his insights during the theDissemination Conference of the Accelerating
Entrepreneurship Support in Universities (AESU) program.

ATPS Research Officer Wentland Muhatia and ATPS
Communication & Outreach Officer Susan Mburu also
attended the Dissemination Conference of the Accelerating
Entrepreneurship Support in Universities (AESU) program.

Prof. Nicholas Ozor receives a gift from Charity Njimu of
Riara University for his contribution during the Dissemination
Conference of the Accelerating Entrepreneurship Support in
Universities (AESU) program.

Prof.Nicholas Ozor, the Executive Director of the African
Technology Policy Studies Network (ATPS) during an interview
on the “Business Check Show” on KBC National Broadcast in
Kenya.

+254 020 2714092

Business Check Show host O'Brien Kimani, Prof. Nicholas Ozor,
Executive Director of the African Technology Policy Studies
Network (ATPS), and Dr. Joseph Sang from Jomo Kenyatta
University of Agriculture and Technology (JKUAT) pose for a
photo after a live interview on the TV show.

@atpsnetworkhttps://atpsnet.org/

National Chapter Coordinators

https://atpsnet.org/

Australia

Cell: +237-99841433

Ghana

Mr. David Doepel

Email: silawrence2011@gmail.com or

Dr. Fred Amu-Mensah

Chair, Africa Research Group,

ndesoatpscamnet@rocketmail.com

Senior Research Scientist CSIR

Murdoch University

Water Research Institute90 South Street Murdoch

Cote d’Ivore

P.O. Box M.32

Western Australia 6150

Prof. Arsène Kouadio,

Accra, Ghana

Tel: +61418912287

Associate Professor, University ofTel: +233-24-4748197

Email: d.doepel@murdoch.edu.au

Abid- jan-Cocody ; Researcher,+233-26-4748197

CIRES Director, Laboratoire de

Email: obeyie@gmail.com

Benincroissance Economique

Dr. Roch L. Mongbo

Executive Director, Institut pour leSenior Lecturer & Researcher Director of

Dével- oppement (IPD),

LADyD (Lab for Social Dynamics andCoordinator, ATPS Côe d’Ivoire,

Development Studies)

Coordinator, RIA Côte d’Ivoire,

Universite’ d’Abomey-Calavi,

Fellow Researcher, AERC, Poverty

Benin 02 BP 778 Gbe’gamey

Eco- nomic Policy (PEP),

Cotonou, Benin

Cocody, Boulelevard Latrille

Tel: +229-21360126

08 B.P. 1295 Abidjan 08, Côte

Cell : +229-95966446 / 97374797

d’Ivoire

Email: roch.mongbo@fsa.uac.bj or

Tel : +225 22 44 60 99

rochl_mongbo@yahoo.com or

Fax: +225 22 48 82 84

roch.mongbo@cebedes.org

Mobile : +225 07 98 46 80 /Kenya
Dr. Stephen Karimi
Director of Qulity Assurance,
National Commission for Science,
Technology and Innovation(NACOSTI)P.O Box 30623, 00100
Nairobi, Kenya
Tel: +254727923357
Email: karimisteve@gmail.com
Lesotho05 95 97 91
Botswana

E-mail: arsene.k@ipd-ci.org

Mr. Abraham Mathodi

arsenekk@yahoo.fr

P.O Box 550203, Mogoditshane,arsenekouadio@hotmail.com

Mr. Denis Sekoja Phakisi
Acting National Coordinator
Manufacturing Manager Loti Brick
P.O. Box 8008, Maseru 100,

Botswana.

LesothoCell: +26772449035

Egypt

Tel: +266 5885 3389

Email: amathodi@gmail.com

Ms. Manal Moustafa SamraFax: +266 22310071

Mobile: +20 01014467049

Email: ds.phakisi@lycos.com

Burkina Faso

Email: mmsamra@gmail.com

Dr. Aminata Kabore

Liberia

BP 8645 Ouagadougou 04

Dr. Wollor Emmanuel Topor

Burkina Faso

Ethiopia

National Coordinator

Tel: +226 70 38 56 99/ 78 95 93 89

Mr. Wondwossen Belete,

Acting Deankab.amina@yahoo.fr

Managing Director,

College of Science and Technology

Society for Technology Studies

University of Liberia

P.O.Box 25453, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia

Tel: + 231-6875802

Cameroon

Mobile: (+251)911886709

Email: wollortopor@yahoo.com

Prof. SylvesterNdeso Atanga

Email: wondwossenbel@yahoo.com

Senior Visiting Lecturer, Epidemology

stsethiopia@gmail.com& Public Health

MalawiDr. Kingdom M. Kwapata

Faculty of Health Sciences Universityof BueaGambiaP.O. Box 63 South West Province

VacantLecturer,
Molecular Genetics and Biotechnology for
Horticulture and Forest Crops

Republic of Cameroon

Lilongwe University of Agriculture and Natural

Tel: + 237-653774599/ 243094176

Resources
Bunda College, P.O. Box 219, Lilongwe, Malawi
Tel: +265 999195477
E-mail: kwapata@yahoo.com+254 020 2714092@atpsnetworkhttps://atpsnet.org/

National Chapter Coordinators
Mali
Dr. Sidiki Gabriel Dembele
Agrochimie/Agroforesterie et Fertilité des sols
Bureau Ouest-Africain d’Appui Organisational et de Technologies Appropiées
B.P. E 3730, Bamako,MaliTél. : (223) 226 2012
Fax : (223) 226 2504
Cell : (223) 71 3806
Email: sidikigabriel@hotmail.com/
ousmanenia2000@yahoo.fr

MoroccoProf. Dr. Saïd Boujraf
National Coordinator
Clinical Neurosciences Laboratory
Faculty of Medicine and Pharmacy,
University of Fez,
BP. 1893; Km 2.200, Sidi Hrazem
Road, Fez 30000, MoroccoTel: +212 667 780 442
Fax: +212 535 619 321
E-mail: sboujraf@gmail.com

https://atpsnet.org/

Extension University of Nigeria

Sudan

Nsukka, Enugu State Nigeria

Mrs. Nadia Hassan Sidahmed

Tel: +234 8037006968

Economic Studies Department

Email: madukwemichael@yahoo.com;

Industrial Research & Consultancy

michael.madukwe@unn.edu.ng

Cen- tre (IRCC), Sudan
Tel: +249 911449106

Prof. Femi Olokesusi

Email: nadiahsh@yahoo.co.uk

Nigerian Institute for Social and Economic Research (NISER)

Swaziland

P.M.B 5 UI Post OfficeProf. Musa Dube

Oyo Road, Ojoo, Ibadan, Nigeria

Senior Lecturer Faculty of Agriculture

Tel: 234-8023322052/ 8073132917

University of Swaziland

Fax: +234 2 2413121

Luyengo Campus

Email: femioloke@yahoo.com

Tel: +268 527 40 21
Cell: +268 618 15 79

RwandaP. O. Luyengo,Swaziland

Dr. Marie-Christine Gasingirwa,

Email: madube@uniswa.sz

Director General, Science, Technology
and Research,

Tanzania

Ministry of Education,Rwanda.

Dr. Amos Nungu

Mobile: +250 785068350

Director General

Email: cgasingirwa@mineduc.gov.rw

Tanzania Commission for Science andTechnology

SenegalP.O Box 4302, Dar-es-Salaam

Mozambique

Dr. Papa Alioune Sarr NDIAYE

Tel: +255222774023

Eng. Lourino Alberto Chemane

Professeur titulaire de Classe

Email: amos.nungu@costech.or.tz;

ICT and Planning Advisor

exceptionnelle

amos.nungu@gmail.com

Executive Secretariat, ICT Policy

Ecole Supérieure Polytechnique

Commission

AuroelBairro da Coop

UgandaUniversité Cheikh Anta Diop de

Rua Particular Dr. Antonio de

Dr. Engr. John Okuonzi

Mobile: (+221) 77 634 58 88

Almeida 61 R/C Direito, Maputo

National Coordinator

Email: papaas.ndiaye@ucad.edu.sn

Kyambogo University

Moçambique

Faculty of Engineering, Department of

Tel: +258 21 309398

Sierra Leone

Fax: +258 21 302289

Electrical and Electronic Engineering,

Prof. Kelleh Gbawuru Mansaray

Cell : +258 82 3110700

P.O Box 1, Kyambogo, Kampala, Uganda

Deputy Vice Chancellor

Email: chemane@infopol.gov.mz

Tel: +256 782 353034

Fourah Bay College – University of

Email: jokuonzi@kyu.ac.ug or

Sierra Leone

okuonzijohnie@yahoo.com

Namibia

Phone: +232 78476527

Surveyor Uzochukwu Okafor

Email : Kelleh.mansaray@usl.edu.sl

Surveyor- Generalmansaraykg@gmail.com

Mrs. Martha Ada Ugwu

Directorate of Survey and Mapping
Ministry of Land Reform

South Africa

Tel: +264(0)2965036

Professor Mark Swilling

Mobile: +264811223311

Stellenbosch University,

Email: uzo.okafor@mlr.gov.na

Private Bag X1, Matieland, 7602, South Africa

NigeriaProf. Michael C. Madukwe
Professor, Department of Agricultural+254 020 2714092

United Kingdom
National Coordinator
Kent, ME5 7SF, UK
Tel: +447909327708
Email: martha.ugwu@nhs.net

Cell: +27(0)83-459 7417
Tel: +27(0)21-881 3196
Fax: +27(0)21- 881 3294
Email: swilling@sun.ac.za@atpsnetworkhttps://atpsnet.org/

National Chapter Coordinators

https://atpsnet.org/

United States of America

ZambiaZimbabwe

Dr. Anthony C Ikeme

Prof. FrancisYamba

Mr. Benson Zwizwai

National Coordinator President & CEO

Director, Centre for Energy

Economics Department, University

Clintriad Pharma Services

Environment and Engineeringof Zimbabwe

102 Pickering Way, Suite 200

Zambia (CEEEZ) Ltd,P. O. Box Box M.P. 167,

Exton, PA 19341

176 Parirenyatwa Road

Mount Pleasant, Harare

Tel: 484.753.3405

Suite B. Fairview, P/B E721

Tel: +2637772494902

Cell: 215.380.9920

Lusaka, Zambia

Mobile: +263776413357

Fax: 610.384.5455

Tel: +260977856167

Email: bmutzwizwai@yahoo.com

Email: aikeme@clintriad.com

Email: ceeez@zamnet.zm
ceeez2015@gmail.com+254 020 2714092@atpsnetworkhttps://atpsnet.org/

For further information contact:
African Technology Policy Studies Network (ATPS)
8th Floor, Chancery Building, Valley Road
P.O. Box 10081-00100, Nairobi, Kenya
Tel: +254 20 271 4092
Email: info@atpsnet.org
https://atpsnet.org/+254 020 2714092@atpsnetworkhttps://atpsnet.org/