雪氷チーム

Snow Engineering Team

雪氷災害の減災技術に関する研究
Research on Technologies for Reducing Snow and Ice Disasters

近年、局地的な多量降雪や暴風、暖気の流入による冬期の異常高温の発生など気象変化が激しくなる中、雪氷災害が激甚化し発生形態も変化しています。
しかし、このような雪氷災害の発生条件等については不明な事項が多く、それらの解明や対策技術に関する研究が強く求められています。そこで、国民生活や経済活動への影響を緩和し、より安全・安心な社会の実現に貢献するため、以下の研究に取り組んでいます。
Climatic changes have become more extreme in recent years, and people have suffered from extraordinarily intense localized
snowfall, storms and abnormally high temperatures in winter caused by the arrival of warm air. Snow and ice disasters havealso become increasingly serious and diverse. However, the conditions under which these disasters occur are not fully
understood. Research into them and study on disaster countermeasures are strongly demanded. To mitigate the effects ofsnow and ice disasters on citizens’ lives as well as on economic activities and to help ensure a safer and more comfortableliving environment, the Cold Region Road Engineering Research Group has been pursuing the studies shown below.

気象変動の影響による雪氷環境の変化に関する研究

Study on Changes in Snow- and Ice-Related Weather Conditions with Respect to Climate Change
気象変動に伴う冬期気象の変化・特徴を解明し、変動が増大する雪氷気候値・雪▲激甚化する雪氷災害（2010.1 えりも町）
Snow- and ice-related disasters have intensified.
(Jan. 2010, Erimo)

暴風雪による吹雪視程障害予測技術の開発に関する研究
Study on the Development of Technology for Forecasting Snowstorm-induced Poor Visibility

吹雪視程障害の予測技術を開発し、吹雪時にドライバーや道路管理者にリアルタ氷災害のハザードマップを提示します。

イムに情報提供をすることで、吹雪時の安全性を高めます。

Changes in winter weather are analyzed in relation to climate change, and thecharacteristics of these changes are elucidated. We make hazard maps that show thelikelihood of snow- and ice-related disasters and the climatic conditions, which haverecently been undergoing great changes.

To enhance road safety, technology for forecasting snowstorm-induced poor visibility isdeveloped for real-time information provision to drivers and road administrators.

全道吹きだまり量分布（30年確率値）
Volume of Snow Settled at Snowdrifts in Hokkaido(30-year probability value)（cm/ 年 )(cm/year)

5432
10-1

凡例-2

単位：m3

Legend50以上

50 ≧ X

40以上 − 50未満

40 ≦ X ＜ 50-430以上 − 40未満

30 ≦ X ＜ 40

20以上 − 30未満

20 ≦ X ＜ 30-520未満＜ 20

一般国道Nat'l-highway-3▲年最深積雪の増減傾向Changes in annual maximum snow depth▲ソフト的な吹雪災害対策
Software-based safety measures against
snowstorm disasters▲吹雪の視界情報」の試験公開（「北の道ナビ」HPサイト）
Test version of the “Snowstorm Visibility” page
(Northern Road Navi website)▲雪氷気候値マップの例
A map with snow- and ice-related climatic data

冬期の降雨等による雪崩対策技術に関する研究

Study on Technology to Mitigate Avalanches Caused by Rain in Winter
冬期の降雨や気温上昇等に伴い発吹雪による危険度評価等の対策技術に関する研究
Study on Technologies for Assessing Risks Caused by Snowstorms
北海道での通行止め要因の多数を生する雪崩に関して、気象及び積雪の占める吹雪に関して、危険度要因の影険度評価技術を開発します。

通しての連続的な吹雪危険度評価技条件を明らかにし、湿雪雪崩災害の危Concerning avalanches caused byrainfall and/or temperature rises in
winter, relevant conditions are analyzed
in terms of weather and snow
accumulation, and technology isdeveloped for risk assessment of wetsnow avalanches.

響度を定量的に解明し、路線全体を術を開発します。

▲湿雪雪崩の発生例
Example of a wet snow avalanche

Regarding snowstorms, whichconstitute the majority of the causes forroad closures in Hokkaido, the risk
factors are quantitatively analyzed interms of the contribution of each factor,
and technology is developed forcontinuously assessing the risk of asnowstorm along an entire route.

▲路線での吹雪障害
Blowing-snow-induced hindrance

吹雪危険度評価

Snowstorm risk assessment

移動気象観測車で連続的なデータを取得し、危険要因を定量化

集落Community
農地
Farmland
防雪柵
Snow fence

Continuous data are collectedby a weather observation
vehicle, and risk factors arequantiﬁed.

▲レーダー降水量Precipitation detected by weather radar▲雪崩危険度評価のイメージ
Risk assessment of avalanches (rendering)

安全・快適

北の道

Safe, pleasant driving on Northern Roads▲移動気象観測車
Weather observation vehicle

独立行政法人土木研究所 寒地土木研究所

樹木Trees

吹雪危険度snowstorm risk
大 High中 Moderate
小 Low

路線としての連続的な吹雪危険度評価
Continuous assessment ofsnowstorm risk
along an entire route

Incorporated Administrative Agency Public Works Research Institute Civil Engineering Research Institute for Cold Region