www.atpsnet.org
Issue No 011

December 2017

ISBN 978-9966-030-94-8

AFRICAThis is the official newsletter of the African Technology Policy Studies Network (ATPS)

Highlights:
ATPS Participates in the Third United Nations Environment
Assembly (UNEA-3)
Harnessing Solar PV Technology for Africa

Technology Roadmaps in Ethiopia: Turning Policy Statements
into ActionAfrican Technology Policy Studies Network (ATPS)

www.atpsnet.org

ATPS Vision:
To use Science, Technology and Innovation (STI) as a means for achieving sustainable development in
Africa.
ATPS Mission:
To improve the quality of science, technology and innovation (STI) systems research, policy and practice by strengthening capacity for STI knowledge generation, dissemination, and use for sustainable
development in Africa.
Overall Objective:
To build Africa’s capabilities in science, technology and innovation for sustainable development.
ATPS Motto:
Building Africa’s capabilities in science, technology and innovation policy research, policymaking andpolicy implementation for sustainable development.

INSIDE• ATPS Participates in the Third UN Environment Assembly(UNEA-3)•

RECIRCULATE Project Partners’ Visit to the ATPS•

ATPS Hosts the 2017 Science Granting Councils

EDITORIAL TEAM
Editor in Chief:
Dr. Nicholas Ozor

Initiative’s Annual Forum in Livingstone, Zambia

Editor:•Harnessing Solar PV Technology for Africa

Sharon Anyango•

ATPS Conducts Training for Farmers and Extension AgentsContributors:

in Kenya on the Use of the LandInfo Mobile App

Dr. Cheikh Mbow•

Africa the Reservoir of Natural Resource Potential aroundProf. Sylvestor Ndeso Atanga
Kum Christian Tegha

the World: A Reflection from LiberiaEng. Arnold Swal•

Towards Achieving SDG 3: Good Health and Well-being

Louis Masuko•

The State of Climate Change in Cameroon•

Technology Road Maps in Ethiopia: Turning Policy

Gift Gana

ATPS Appoints New Board Members•

Opportunities

Wondwossen Belete
Kum Christian Tegha

Statements into Action•

Amb. Momo Duduboy Taylor, Jr

Alfred Nyambane
Design and Layout:
Sharon Anyango2www.atpsnet.org

Chairman’s Message

CHAIRMAN’S MESSAGEA

cursory look at the content of newsletters issued by
ATPS in the year 2017 should help even those who
may not be familiar with what this organization isabout, to begin to get an idea of the vast scopeand complexity of issues that the ATPS wishes to undertake,in the hope of helping African governments and institutions
formulate effective policies.
To help give focus to its activities, the ATPS Board, staff
and network members spent significant time in 2017 in
implementing part of the ATPS Phase VII and Phase VIII
Strategic Plans (launched in September 2017). The new ATPS
Phase VIII Strategic Plan is aligned to the study, development
and formulation of polices that will promote domestication of
the Agenda 2063 of the African Union as well as the attainmentof the UN’s Sustainable Development Goals. The new Strategic
Plan provides a roadmap for ATPS towards attaining its visionof using Science, Technology and Innovation (STI) as a means
for achieving sustainable development in Africa.

Mr. Chuma IkenzeThis year we also commenced steps to revamp and expand thenumber of ATPS Board of Directors. The process is still ongoingand I am optimistic that during the first quarter of 2018 weshall have a full Board to work in the different sub-committees.
These new developments will create a more engaged Boardand improve the governance of ATPS.

While looking into the future and in the spirit of reflection thatis usually associated with this time of the year, I am happy tomention some of our successes in 2017 and key contributors
to these successes. ATPS and its partners launched a twoyear regional project on, “Bridging Climate Information Gaps
to Strengthen Capacities for Climate Informed DecisionMaking.” The project aims to support selected Africancountries with adequate climate information and strengthen
their institutional capacities in order to integrate climate
information and best practices to inform decision-making at
policy and practice levels.

In the coming year, our focus will be to strengthen our local
chapter networks. While it may be said that ATPS activities are
fairly well known within scientific/academic communities inmost of the countries in which we have our local chapters, wecan, at best, claim moderate awareness/recognition among
government functionaries in these countries. Awareness of
the activities and goals of ATPS within the private sector is stillless in our representative countries. We call upon all of you to
support us in this endevour as we seek for more partnershipsthat will help us promote the formulation of effective policies
including those that drive and affect social and economic
developments at national and regional levels.

During the quarter, ATPS in partnership with Scinovent Centre
and others successfully organized the Science Granting
Councils Initiative (SGCI) Annual Forum under the theme,
Networking Africa’s Science Granting Councils (SGCs). The
project aims to strengthen capacities of SGCs to support
research and evidence-based policies that contribute toeconomic and social development in the Continent. The
Forum took place from 22-25 November 2017 in Livingstone,
Zambia.

I take this opportunity to wish every reader my warmest
greetings and a happy New Year 2018.

Mr. Chuma Ikenze,
CEO Kenzel, LLC,
Chair, ATPS Board of Directors

We also continued with our work in out-scaling the award
winning LandInfo technology in Africa. We acknowledge
the financial support we have received from the African
Development Bank (AfDB) and the African Forum for
Agricultural Advisory Services (AFAAS) to build the capacity offarmers and extension agents on the use of the technology
in Nakuru County, Kenya. The LandInfo app is a community
driven app that produces accurate soil and climatic
information that empowers farmers, extension agents andland-use planners to make farm decisions for improving
agricultural productivity and climate change resilience..

3

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EXECUTIVE DIRECTOR’S MESSAGE

ED’s Message

Amillion thanks to all of you who supported ourwork in 2017. During this year, ATPS recorded
tremendous achievements in fulfilling its Vision –to use science, technology and innovation (STI) as ameans for achieving sustainable development in Africa; Mission– to improve the quality of STI systems research, policy andpractice and Objective – to build Africa’s capabilities in STI for
sustainable development.
Highlights of major achievements during the year 2017 arebriefly described below:
At the beginning of the year, ATPS was again ranked among the
Top Think Tanks in Africa receiving specific rankings as the best
think tank network, think tank with the best use of the internet,
best advocacy think tank and the best transdisciplinary
research think tank. ATPS was also ranked tops as the best
managed think tank, top science and technology think tank,think tank with the most significant impact on public policy,
and best regional studies center among many others. Thisrankings are contained in the 2016 Global Go To Index report
released by the University of Pennsylvania, USA under theThink Tank and Civil Societies Program.

Dr. Nicholas Ozor
Hope identified four thematic priorities and five Programmatic
priorities for implementation during the five year period. The
thematic priority areas include: Agriculture, food and nutrition;
Energy; Climate change and environmental management;
and Health innovations. On the other hand, the programmatic
priorities which cut across the thematic areas of focus include:
STI policy research, policymaking and advocacy; Training,sensitization and capacity building, Youth and gender
empowerment; Knowledge brokerage, management andcommercialization and Intra-Africa and global collaborations
and partnerships. We are soliciting for supports from donors
and development partners to enable us fully implement the
US$ 30 million Plan. We pledge to ensure value for money
received for the implementation of our strategic plan.

ATPS received two major separate grants from theInternational Development Research Center (IDRC) (and its
partners the Department for International Development(DFID) and the National Research Foundation (NRF)) and theAfrican Development Bank (AfDB). While the IDRC projectfocuses on networking Africa’s Science Granting Councils(SGCs) and other science system actors to strengthen theircapacities to support research and evidence based policies
that contribute to economic and social development on thecontinent under the Science Granting Councils Initiative (SGCI)
implemented across 15 countries in sub-Saharan Africa (SSA),
the AfDB project aims at bridging climate information gaps tostrengthen capabilities for informed decision-making which is
implemented in 5 African countries. Progress has already been
made in the various projects. In November 2017 we convened
about 200 delegates in Livingstone, Zambia to discuss on
issues relating to ‘public-private partnerships in research andinnovation in Africa’ under the SGCI. Prior to that, a masterclasspaper was commissioned on the topic to experts in the areaand presented during the year’s annual forum event. On theother hand, the AfDB project was launched in September 2017
in an event well attended by over 100 delegates comprised of
ATPS Board members, donors, and other stakeholders drawn
from the governments, researchers, private sector and civilsociety actors. A capacity building programme on the useof LandInfo mobile technology was conducted for over 120
farmers and extension agents in Nakuru County, Kenya underthe AfDB project.

ATPS also entered into partnership agreements with various
like-minded organisations in Africa. These were formalised
through the signing of MoUs with these organisations.
There was also a change in the leadership at the ATPS Board of
Directors. Mr. Chuma Ikenze was appointed as the new Chairof ATPS Board taking over from Prof. Shaukat Abdulrazak
who served for seven years as the ATPS Chair of Board andsubsequently retired from the Board. We are very grateful toProf. Shaukat for his many years of dedicated service to the
ATPS. Additionally, we also welcomed three new members
to the ATPS Board. They are: Dr. Catherine Adeya Weya, Prof.
Crispus Makau Kiamba and Mr. Ralph Richard von Kaufmann.
They are to strengthen the Board composition according to
the ATPS Article of Association.
Finally, the ATPS has revamped its website. It is now morerobust and user friendly and will aid in increasing continuous
conversation between ATPS and its board members, National
Chapter Coordinators, ATPS members, Donors, Stakeholders
and the public at large. We look forward to your continued
engagements and supports for the ATPS in 2018.

During the year, ATPS concluded its consultative processes
with relevant stakeholders and launched its Phase VIII Strategic
Plan 2017-2022. The Strategy which is tagged the Strategy of

4

Dr. Nicholas Ozor,
Executive Director, ATPS

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UNEA-3

ATPS PARTICIPATES IN THE THIRD UNITED NATIONS ENVIRONMENT ASSEMBLY (UNEA-3): FUNDING SCIENCE FOR A POLLUTION-FREE WORLD: HOW AFRICA CAN CLOSE THE FUNDING GAP

From Left: Dr. Cheikh Mbow, Dr. Nicholas Ozor, Dr. Erica Key, Mr. Ibrahim Thiaw and Dr. Fatima Denton, panelists during the discussion on“Funding Science for a Pollution Free World: How Africa can close the Science-Funding Gap.”

Dr. Cheikh Mbow
Executive Director, International START Secretariat,
1440 G Street NW, Washington, DC 20009 USA

and practice. Funding research should be seen in that regard
as a productive investment: returns today pave the way for amore robust future, improving quality of life, expanding thejob market, increasing revenue streams, informing sustainable
development, and sourcing a trained and motivated workforce (safeguards and chaperoning development).

R

Session Framing and Rational:
esource mobilization for sustainability science is animperative in Africa’s today development agenda tomeet the ambitious Sustainable Development Goals
and the goals of the AU-Agenda 2063. These policy
frameworks among others, seek to ensure economic prosperity, political stability, and social justice for all citizens throughefficient use of resources. Environmental sustainability is central to these goals and requires cooperation among actors andexperts to collaboratively address and plan for action. UNEA-3
focused our attentions on the immediate and pervasive harmsof pollution; but the same approaches leveraging science,business, and society can be applied to other areas of criticalneed conundrums facing in Africa that need substantial, starting with the principle of substantive investment in science totrigger positive change.
Funding challenges is both about developing capacities tofund-raise and the ability to use funding to develop research
capacities leading to implementation and enforcement of policies. It is also about domestic resource mobilization (Publicand Private) to engage research institutions into regional andglobal partnerships such as the Belmont Forum group. It has
been proven that aid and other flows from external sources
will not be sufficient to support research needs. Certainly,
leveraging external funds provides an overture towards new
possibilities, but it’s the long-term investment from local
sources that sustain not only the activity but also shape policy

The projection shows that 40% of the global youth will be in
Africa by 2050. Natural resources of which Africa has many(geological, forest, arable lands, water, solar), could be usedsustainably to be both an asset to its peoples and, through informed choices, a basis for lifting the economies of the poor
countries. The growing urbanization of Africa would be able tomeet the increased demand of products and services without
negatively impacting the environment and climate. Funding
on knowledge and innovation, stressing the need to partner
the people with other professionals and policy makers to maximize the returns of these investments for business, was thecentral topic of this conversation, and we strived to respond to
the set of questions below.

Questions for the Panel and Interaction with the
Public:••5

How to identify the priorities across the multifaceted African region, bringing co-existing communities to work on
common interest, future science and policy programmingand establish proper governance for research in Africa?
Are the current opportunities for funding research in Africa enough to establish links to connect African priorities
with global/regional funding frameworks?

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UNEA- 3How do efforts to diversify sources of funding relate toeach other and how Belmont Forum can bring benefits
to funding bodies in Africa by joining our Collaborative
Research Actions (CRAs)?
How to identify the best practices, lessons learned andchallenges for conducting integrated research in Africa,and how Belmont Forum can help facilitate such practices
in the region?

be continuously monitored and understood throughtransdisciplinary knowledge for better policy action.
•
Managing complexity is always knowledge-intensive andrequires short and long-term solutions, synergies andtrade-offs, policy-coherence and criteria for assessing success and failures, consolidating stewardship for long term
engagement.
•
Environmental Pollution is a compelling example in thatregard and requires understanding the sources, drivers
and modulating factors of poverty conditions in Africa.
Addressing the impacts of environmental pollution onhuman health, economic growth—losses in investment
and financial capital, inhibition of productivity, threat on
human wellbeing, jeopardy on natural capital—are allserious impediments to sustainable development andshould be a strong concern in all development polices.
•
A resilient future and strong nation-state building requires partnerships among scientists, policy-makers, andthe development sector, working collaboratively andfollowing sustainability pathways. Options, alternatives
and scenarios underscored by local context are neededin production systems and consumption patterns to sustain green industry and green infrastructures, and not theleast retrofitting and adjusting previous policies.
For all these emerging challenges, the session recommended
that mobilizing financial resources, starting with incentivizing
domestic funding of research, building commitments towards
research funding goals, sourcing policy development, implementation, and compliance schemes, and nurturing local
capacity through partnerships with associated research infrastructure are near-term goals that will enable the longer-termsustainable development pathways. A framework should be
developed in Africa to facilitate access to funding for science
with support of institutions such as the Belmont Forum. Science should be seen as a safeguard for de-risking development options and as a strategic investment for sustainability.
Leveraging funding from local sources including from the private sector is a necessity and not an option for African sovereignty.

Panelists:
•

•

•

•

•
•

Dr. Erica Key, Executive Director of the Belmont Forum
Secretariat, presented its activities, and focused on theadvancement of transdisciplinary, multilateral scientificresearch to inform human action.
Dr. Fatima Denton, Director of a natural resource management division (Special Initiatives Division) at the UN Economic Commission for Africa, addressed the type of science that is needed to address sustainability challenges
in Africa and pollution in particular, as well as the policy
implications.
Dr. Nicholas Ozor, Executive Director of the African Technology Policy Studies Network (ATPS), presented current
opportunities in building transdisciplinary networks ofresearchers, policymakers, private sector actors, and civilsociety in Science, Technology and Innovations for Africa’s
sustainable development.
Dr. Ibrahim Thiaw, Deputy Executive Director for theUnited Nations Environment Program and Assistant Secretary-General of the United Nations, who discussed the
major challenges in the science-policy-business dialogue.
Dr. Cheikh Mbow, Executive Director of START-International, moderated the session.
Dr. Edouard Michel, Future Earth Secretariat. Rapporteur

1. Emerging issues and inputs to UNEP and Belmont
Forum
The session recognized that support for Sustainability Science
training and implementation is critical for building coherent
pathways for transformations to sustainability and resilient African societies.
•
Knowledge is embedded in all economic and development sectors and is very much linked to research, quality
education, training and jobs, but also to locally-designed
actionable innovation, fueled by discoveries for rapid,
place-based social transformation in Africa.
•
Scientific Knowledge becomes an economic sector by itself and requires substantial investment for training, jobs
for the youth, innovations and infrastructures adapted to
the local development needs.
•
Africa’s sustainable development goals cannot be
achieved without addressing the complex sustainability challenges. Both societies and the environment arechanging fast, with convoluted relations that need to

2. Key Recommendations Relevant to UNEA-3 andBelmont Forum••

6

There is no sustainability science without a multi-stakeholder approach (active and pro-active co-design processes). Africa may need to establish a funding framework
to enable producers and users of knowledge to meet andadvance sustainability science-based actions for Africa.
The pressing pollution-related challenges raised in thissession, because they require policy-relevant knowledge,
innovation and regulation, bear the potential to accelerate the priority setting and mechanisms to convene all
relevant stakeholders together in order to define the best
appropriate agendas and adequate funding mechanisms.

www.atpsnet.org••

RECIRCULATE•

Africa is not short on talented scientists nor lacking knowledgeable stakeholders. Connecting these informed andempowered groups maximizes return on, making science
production a collaborative political endeavor to foster awhole policy landscape, incentives and regulations, thatare coherent and oriented toward knowledge production
for sustainability.
Several programmatic fronts need to be addressed simultaneously: research infrastructure, training and curriculathat address local issues; professional development forgreen jobs/youth, cooperative intra-regional agendasetting at relevant levels and with relevant stakeholders
including the business community.

••

Suggested Actions for Strengthening the SciencePolicy Interface:•

Capacity Building: Most countries in Africa face the need tobring science to various decision scales starting from local
communities. Efforts on capacity building need to be inclusiveand formalized to improve application of science at scale.

Coherent policy frameworks which others require cohesive policy action that favor synergies, reduce competition and spur cross-sectoral dialogue and new behaviors.
Best practices and values for a positive momentum ofscience development within Africa. There are many initiatives being implemented, such as the recent STI Strategy
for Africa (African Union) and burgeoning local citizenscience initiatives that engage the populace while mainstreaming science.
Knowledge Translation that brings further value to funded science by making it broadly intelligible and transferrable. This requires knowledge brokering networks invarious domains to foster a sustainable dialogue withinsociety.
Promote Transdisciplinarity as an innovative way oforganizing research bringing all stakeholders to work
together to identify research challenges and develop expected outcomes together, so that the results are useful
and applicable. This creates a space for the developmentof truly sustainable processes both in the format and in
the expected impacts.

RECIRCULATE PROJECT PARTNERS’ VISIT TO THE ATPS
The Principal Investigator and Co-PIs of the RECIRCULATE
Project are: Prof. Nigel Paul, Dr. Akanimo Odon, Prof. Kirk Semple and Dr. Paul Mckenna. They visited the ATPS secretariat office on 7th September 2017 to discuss details of the project, its
aims, expectations and the role of ATPS.
The RECIRCULATE project aims to understand how African
eco-innovation systems works, how they differ from European models, and what new innovations would be needed toachieve SDG 8 (Decent work and economic growth) and SDG
13 (Climate action). The main objective is to build the capacity of Africa’s eco-innovation community and assist African
research organizations to pioneer change aimed at delivering a safe circular water economy for Africa and to develop
a long-term strategy to maintain and expand the scope andremit of the UK-Africa knowledge transfer on eco-innovation
for achieving SDGs.

RECIRCULATE Project partners and the ATPS team held a meeting todiscuss the modalities on how the project will be implemented. The
meeting was held at the ATPS Secretariat Office, Nairobi, Kenya.

The Lancaster University, UK through its Centre for
Global Eco-Innovation is leading other partners including the ATPS in the implementation of a projecttagged RECIRCULATE - Driving eco-innovation in Africa: capacity-building for a safe circular water economy. ATPS
is a phase 2 partner which mainly comprises of high quality,
research-led institutions. Other Phase 2 partners include: Botswana International University of Science and Technology, The
National Commission for Science and Technology (Malawi),and the Copperbelt University Zambia.

The project will majorly work with communities and businesses across Africa to pilot solution for safe water use. The idea is
to turn sewage into a safe sustainable fertilizer by using heatto kill pathogens.
ATPS Research Assistant Mr. Alfred Nyambane has been nominated to attend training on Knowledge Exchange and Exchange Management, which is scheduled to take place fromJanuary 2018 at Lancaster University, Ghana.

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SGCI

ATPS HOSTS THE 2017 SCIENCE GRANTING COUNCILSINITIATIVE’S ANNUAL FORUM IN LIVINGSTONE ZAMBIA

Dr. Nicholas Ozor, ATPS Executive Director addressing delegates during the 2017 Science Granting Councils Initiative’s Annual Forum in
Livingstone, Zambia.

A

By Alfred Nyambane
TPS in partnership with Scinovent Centre and otherpartners in Zambia and Malawi organized the 2017
Science Granting Councils Initiative’s Annual Forumfrom 22 – 23 November 2017 in Livingstone, Zambia. The event was themed, “Effective public – private partnerships for Research and Innovation.” ATPS was represented by:
Dr. Nicholas Ozor- ATPS Executive Director, Dr. Ernest Acheampong-ATPS Senior Research Officer and Mr. Alfred NyambaneATPS Research Officer.

focus and research interest priorities from both the public andprivate sectors. This problem is widespread and affects bothdeveloped and developing countries alike, different countries
have come up with different ways to counter these challenges
for instance, in Netherlands the government through a “Top
Priority Sectors Approach” identified the country’s top 9 sectors and created incentives and support structures to facilitatecompetitiveness and position them as global players in theirrespective value chains while in Costa Rica, the Ministry of Science and Technology and ICT champions agenda setting andleads other sectoral ministries in scouting for private sector
research needs before making international calls to address
them.

Prof. Nkandu Luo, Minister of Higher Education, Zambia emphasized that it is time for Africa to give priority to research,science and technology. Additionally, Africa has to use its capacity to come up with research based evidence which in turnwill influence policymaking.

Institutional Architecture/Infrastructure and Governance Patterns

The Forum was guided by the commissioned paper on the
topic, “Effective public – private partnerships for Research andInnovation: Perspectives for African Science Granting Councils” by Prof. Banji Oyeyinka. Dr. Bertha Vallejio and two key
discussants, Dr. Khamal Battacharya, the Chief Innovation Officer, Safaricom Ltd, Kenya and Prof. Stuart Tarbener from the
Research Council of the United Kingdom gave their perspectives on the paper.

Institutions determine code of behavior by defining what is
acceptable and what is not. Additionally, they set rules within which social actors operate. The architecture of the rules
could be formal as in contracts or informal as in Memoranda
of Understanding (MoUs) for example, cases were highlighted
where individuals within organizations circumvented formal
structures such as outreach offices and entered into deals withprivate sector actors. Similarly, in some cases actors attempted
to re-interpret and assign different meanings to clauses in thecontracts while in other cases sheer complexity of contracts
hindered rather than facilitated the partnerships.

Issues and Messages from the Commissioned Paper
Research Prioritization and Agenda-Setting
Private Public Partnerships (PPPs) are undermined by different8www.atpsnet.org

SGCI

A cross-sectional view of delegates present during the 2017 Science Granting Councils Initiative‘s Annual Forum in Livingstone, Zambia.

Funding Models/ Mobilizing Domestic Resources for
R&D

Another political economy question is the extent to which
the Private Public Partnerships (PPP) for research and innovation fit in with the current policies and practices. For example, it was noted that a number of countries have enacted
Private Public Partnership laws but these are geared more towards large infrastructure projects in water, roads and energy
amongst others. To what extent is research and innovation
covered in these laws? Are there entry points for research andinnovation? These issues were flagged as necessary for further
interrogation and reflection. Participants observed the needfor robust PPP engagement frameworks in countries wherethese were lacking and how the SGCI could support their establishment.

Most Sub-Saharan countries are under-investing in R&D compared to their counterparts in other regions of the world.
Many are yet to reach the continental targets of 1% of GDP,even though there have been ambitious declarations fromcountries such as Kenya to invest up to 2% of GDP; failure
to meet the targets notwithstanding. Lessons from Europe
shows that Horizon 2020 as a funding mechanism requires
a formal MoU between the applicants and the private sector
as a pre-condition for funding. It also focuses on projects thatshow pre-market products/technologies that are nearly readyfor commercialization.

The discussions on how to harness the potential and powerof public – private partnerships for stimulating research andinnovation in Africa is “an on-going conversation” and it isexpected that the Annual Forum ignited the debate and provided the initial flames to keep this discussion ongoing. It isalso expected that through sharing lessons and best practices,
the SGCs will take lead in promoting public – private partnerships and the Science Granting Councils Initiative through its
four thematic areas will support their efforts at realizing thesedreams.

Political Economy/Contexts
The reliance on personalities presents challenges especiallywith change of governments and administrations when people either change roles or are transferred. South Africa exhibits well structured institutions for negotiating PPP contracts
however, it may take up to two years to enter into contracts
with the government. Similar institutions (contracts) are interpreted differently depending on the country one is dealing
with. For instance, in some contexts, the contracts are seen
as “aspirational” – outlining what could be achieved together
rather than “litigational” – providing the do’s and don’ts that
could end up in legal suits. In other words, the contracts are
assigned “meanings” and could be re-interpreted. These contextual issues define the stability and fluidity of partnerships
as well as the speed and predictability of the contracts, theirenforcement and attendant ease of doing business in the different countries.

The event was funded by the International Development Research Centre (IDRC), Department for International Development (DFID) and National Resource Foundation (NRF) South
Africa. The Forum brought together about 120 people from 25
countries, including Heads of Research Councils (HoRCs), SGC
coordinators, researchers, policymakers, private sector actors
and civil society representatives.

9www.atpsnet.org

Solar PVHARNESSING SOLAR PV TECHNOLOGY FOR AFRICA

Solar Panels.

By Louis Masuko, Executive Director
Eng. Arnold Swai, Managing Director
ICANNEX CONTRACTORS LTD

society it becomes technology. Figure 1 graphically shows
this relationship.

pproximately 1.1 billion people in Africa do nothave access to electricity and the average kWhconsumption per year is <500kWh per capital. A
number of factors which have contributed to theseunsavory characterization include: cost of electricity transmission and distribution, limited electricity generation capacityand population density which is below 50 households per
square meter.

This article therefore focuses on the technology component,
while scientific research should be encouraged and carriedout on the African continent, it is also important that Africa
harnesses the technology available to light and power its
households and industries.

A

Harnessing renewable energy has been taunted as the panacea in particular solar energy. This is primarily because Africa
lies in what is generally referred to as the Solar Zone, receiving
between 2800 and 3500 hours of sunshine per year on average and global horizontal radiation of between 4-7.5 kWh/M2.
Two key success factors in exploiting this advantage are science and technology however, the boundary between these
two is so blurred that many use the two interchangeably. For
the purpose of this article it is important that the boundary is
explained with passionate clarity to afford the reader the opportunity to clearly follow this discussion.
According to Webster’s New Collegiate Dictionary, Science isthe knowledge attained through the study, practice or generaltruths of operation of the general laws especially as obtained
and tested through the scientific method. In simple terms science refers to all systematic research carried out by scientists
upto the prototype stage. The Oxford dictionary defines technology as the application of scientific knowledge for practical purposes. In other words, when the product of science isapplied to solve societal problems or to generate benefits forLighting Africa through Solar Technology
In TechnoPolicy Africa Newsletter Issue 009, Mr. Kingsley
Ukoba focused on how the science component would contribute to electrifying Africa by exploiting off-grid electrification which normally takes different forms that are collectively
referred to as renewable energy; examples of renewable energy include: hydro-power; wind-power; biomass and PV solar.
This article will concentrate on the solar PV energy which has
attracted a number of initiatives from both outside and within Africa with the aim of lighting up African households andindustries. Some of these initiatives include: Africa Development Bank Group Initiative; Lighting Africa Initiative (WB) and
Energy Africa Initiative (UK). There are three appropriate technologies that can be harnessed to provide electricity in rural
homes and businesses; their selection depends mainly on thedispersion of the households and load profile. These three appropriate technologies include Pico products (lanterns, solar
PV lamps, desk lights), Stand Alone Solar Home Systems (SHS)
and Mini grids.

Pico Products
Pico products are basically very small solar power systems that
do not exceed 20Wp and are mainly suitable for very low income households because the initial cost is low and ownership is10

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Solar PV

Applied Research

Development

Prototype ProductProduct

Production
Mass Production

Figure 1

Product Sample
Social Change

Mini Grid

immediate. They provide an entry point for both private suppliers and the community. Additionally, they eliminate the useof kerosene for lighting and also reduce the exposure to carbon dioxide and carbon particularly for women and children.
Increased lumens compared to kerosene and wood lighting
reduces pressure on eye sight. They also improve security
when family members go out at night to relieve themselves or
to attend to any other activities for instance, checking on livestock. While these are cheap and affordable even to the low
income households, their value proposition to households
can be noted above limited.

Stand Alone Solar Home System (SHS)
Regions with a population density of less than 50 household
per square meter are characterized by scattered population
covering large areas. For the national grid and mini grid technologies this entails higher connection costs due to longer
distribution lines. In such situations, the stand alone systems
can be a better solution.
The Solar Home Systems (SHS) are generally stand alone systems that are usually installed on the premises that they utilize
power eliminating transmission and distribution costs. These
range from as small as 20Wp to as big as 720Wp. However, forlack of economies of scale the total cost of energy remains
relatively high for the targeted market segments. As a result,many small installations (<100Wp) find their way into privatehousehold market and those >100Wp are mainly installed togovernment employee households, classrooms, police stations, schools laboratories, clinics, health centers, hospitalwards and operating theatres funded by donors, international
development partners and government. The challenge of science on the continent is therefore to continue developing the
PV and battery technologies that further reduce prices whileat the same time increasing efficiency and reliability.
SHS’s value proposition goes beyond those of Pico products.
SHS over and above, create income generation opportunities
for small business such as saloons, phone charging, internet
and stationary shops. This technology also helps improve
services at clinics, health centers and hospitals by providing
power for maternity services. Additionally, they provide accessto police stations; increase study time at secondary schools
and electrification of dormitories is expected to increase theenrolment of students; and teaching of science subjects isenhanced through electrification of rural school laboratories.
The business model of Pay As You Go (PAYG) which has been
introduced by private suppliers has also helped create credit
opportunities for rural households and reduce initial capital
investment.

A mini-grid is generally defined as a set of electricity generators and possibly, energy storage systems interconnected to
distribution network that supply the entire electricity demandof a localized group of customers’ charged either per kWh consumed or per maximum power amount (W). The size of mini
grids mainly ranges from 6kW to 10MW depending on the demand profile of each targeted area, when choosing mini gridtechnology it is important to look at its availability, reliability
and affordability. For this reason, hybrid mini grids combinedwith solar PV panels, battery bank and genset, powered mainly by diesel are usually the most competitive technical solution. Current calculations of life-cycle costs show that hybridmini-grids are also cost effective and this translates into competitive prices to the consumers.
Mini-grids provide capacity for both domestic appliances andlocal businesses, and have the potential to become the mostpowerful technological approach for accelerated rural electrification. Mini-grids offer an optimal solution for utilizing
localized renewable energy resources. Many locations offer
excellent natural conditions for the use of solar photovoltaic(PV). Over and above the value proposition of the first twosolar technology options mini grids is that they solve storage
and distribution problems, customers have the option of using electricity for cooking hence reducing deforestation, theyeliminate the need for high initial investment, provides opportunities for business development (industries such as millingand shelling, water pumping, freezing and drying, welding
and carpentry), customers can use appliances such as irons,
refrigerators and blowers amongst others. Lastly, the Pay As
You Use business model means customers only pay for what
they need. Challenges in Mini Grid operations include: securing payment and collection, recovering operating expenses(OPEX) and capital expenditures (CAPEX), reciprocity with local communities, close match of supply and demand, size andtechnology determination, ensuring long term service provision, consumers’ ability to pay, consumers’ willingness to pay,cover operation & maintenance costs and cover capital costs
According to the Alliance for Rural Electrification (ARE), translating the great technical potential of the hybrid mini grid into
real success stories on the ground has turned out to be extremely challenging. The bottlenecks for sustainable successof mini-grids are not technologies, but financing, management, business models, maintenance, sustainable operations,and socioeconomic conditions. These are technologies thatcan be harnessed to power households and industries in rural Africa, continued scientific inquiry into these technologies,
particularly in Africa is required to improve on the pricing, efficiency and reliability. There is need to also support scientificresearch and harness these technologies from local, continental and international financial institutions.

11www.atpsnet.org

LandInfo Mobile App

ATPS CONDUCTS TRAINING FOR FARMERS AND EXTENSIONAGENTS IN KENYA ON THE USE OF THE LANDINFO MOBILE APP

Farmers and extension agents pose for a group photo during the LandInfo mobile app training workshop in Nakuru County, Kenya on day one.

By Sharon AnyangoThe African Technology Policy Studies Network (ATPS)
successfully organized the LandInfo mobile app
training workshop for farmers and extension agentsat the Nakuru Agricultural Training Center in Nakuru
County, Kenya from 8th to 9th November 2017. The workshop brought together approximately 120 farmers and extension agents from Molo, Njoro, Naivasha, Gilgil, Kuresoi South,
Kuresoi North, Subukia, Rongai, Bahati, Nakuru Town West andNakuru Town East sub-counties.
The workshop aimed at building the capacity of agriculturalextension agents and farmers on the use and application of
the LandInfo app for the collection of valuable information(climatic and soil) so as to make informed farm decisions thatwill improve agricultural productivity and climate change resilience.
Mr. Fredrick Owino gave the opening remarks on behalf of theCounty Directorate of Agriculture in Nakuru Mrs. Grace Kirui.
He expressed confidence on the potential of the LandInfo
app to assist farmers and extension agents in Nakuru County
through the provision of accurate soil and climate informationfor effective decision-making in Agriculture, land use and climate change adaptation.
Dr. Nicholas Ozor, ATPS Executive Director expressed optimism that the adoption and use of the app will contributesignificantly to improved agricultural productivity and climatechange resilience by providing reliable information on soil
and climate which will support decision-making on sustainable land management practices.
The LandInfo app enables farmers and extension agents to12

deepen their knowledge on the biophysical characteristics ofsoils; with knowledge on annual average rainfall and temperature, farmers are able to plan their farming enterprises adequately to avoid losses due to climate variability and hence
improve agricultural productivity and climate change resilience.
The LandInfo mobile app is a product of the Land Potential
Knowledge System (LandPKS) project, which was developed
through a collaborative effort by the ATPS and the UnitedStates Department of Agriculture’-Agricultural Research Service (USDA-ARS) and other partners. The app has been successfully used in Samburu, Baringo, Kisumu, Meru Counties andits associated conservancies with initial focus being identifying and prioritizing areas for restoration of perennial grasses
and monitoring of livestock carrying capacity on land plus thecrop production potential of resettlement areas.
ATPS has been building the capacities of farmers and extension agents in Kenya to deploy the technology in their farmoperations. The Agriculture, Fisheries and Food Authority(AFFA) of the Ministry of Agriculture contracted the ATPS totrain 100 of their technical agents in Kenya on the use of theapp. In December 2016, ATPS trained 50 farmers and extension agents at Kaguru Agricultural Training Centre in Nkubu,
Meru County, Kenya through the financial support of the African Forum for Agricultural Advisory Services (AFAAS).
In 2016, ATPS won the coveted Climate Information PrizeAward. ATPS received the Wazo Prize for its success in promoting the use of the LandInfo app for improved agricultural
productivity. The LandInfo training workshop in Nakuru was
supported by the African Development Bank (AfDB) under the
Clim-Dev Special Fund and the African Forum for Agricultural
Advisory Services (AFAAS).

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Natural Resources

AFRICA THE RESERVOIR OF NATURAL RESOURCEPOTENTIAL AROUND THE WORLD (A REFLECTION FROM
LIBERIA)

Workers extracting minerals from a mining ore.

By Amb. Momo Duduboy Taylor Jr
Founder/Executive Director
ASESNRPOL INC

A

s a Liberian founding Chapter member of ATPS, I
would like to draw the attention of readers of thispublication to the quantity of natural resources
belts in Liberia which include diamonds, gold, iron,uranium, copper, bauxite, petroleum, cocoa beans, rubber,
timber (woods) and tropical fruits that are dominant in Liberia
yet they remain under-explored. As a Country in the tropicalforest belt, there are lots of opportunities that calls for investors’ attention. A Country with 4.5 million population has agreat potential and increasing investment opportunities that
can help to the change the World.
The young generation are in professions that are less focus
based and have an infinitesimal contribution towards the natural resources sector. One of the major issues so far has beenfear for technical disciplines majorly sciences and the long period it takes for one to reach top.
The Association of Scientists Engineers and Sustainable Natural Resource Professional of Liberia (ASESNRPOL INC) has been
tremendously working with institutions by encouraging andbuilding over ten thousand students from various primaryand secondary schools in Liberia to focus their careers in thefield of Science, Engineering and Natural Resource Management. There is an increasing curve in the evolution of otherprofessionals yet focus areas remains a challenge.

ASESNRPOL INC is prepared to work with any investment companies in Africa or around the World in following procedures leading to exploring any of the above
listed natural resources in Liberia. The institution has few
grounded Petroleum Geophysicists, Petroleum Engineers,
Petroleum Geo-Scientists, Geologists, Petroleum & Natural
Resources Lawyers, Environmental Lawyers, Environmental
Economists, Environmental and Safety Specialists, Chemical
Engineers, Mining Engineers, Mechanical Engineers, Exploration Geologist, Exploration Geophysicists, ArcGIS Specialists, Petrologists, Bio-Scientists, Civil Engineers, ElectricalEngineers, Biomedical Engineers and Energy Economists.
Our contributions toward improving the economy will give direct benefit to our citizens thus making our resources not be
a curse but blessings from God to this generation and generations to come.

Amb. Momo Duduboy Taylor Jr.

13

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SDG 3

TOWARDS ACHIEVING SDG 3: GOOD HEALTH AND
WELL-BEING

Dr. CADx is a computer-aided software package that assists doctors and health workers to diagnose medical images accurately.

By Sharon AnyangoT

he 2014 Ebola outbreak in West Africa was the deadliest on the continent. The Ebola virus spread rapidly
and hit three countries namely Guinea, Sierra Leone
and Liberia. Unfortunately, it led to the death of approximately 70% of the people infected with the virus because
the continent was caught unawares; many people had neverheard about the disease and the emergency response systemat that time were very slow. It was also difficult to curb the
spread of the disease as initial tests would take upto five days
and when the results were out, the symptoms were similar
to flu and malaria hence patients were being treated for thewrong diagnosis.
Since the first Ebola outbreak, there have been a lot of reflections on how to improve the health system in Africa. The 2015
UN Global Sustainable Development Goals has health as a key
component to ensure sustainable development and also to
reduce poverty. SDG 3 focuses on good health and well-being
with an aim of ensuring healthy lives and promoting wellbeing for all at all stages. The major objective is to reduce maternal rate, the rate of communicable diseases and epidemics
such as AIDS, and tuberculosis. Additionally, it is expected in
the coming fifteen years that countries will strengthen theircapacities to detect early warning signs and also respond to
emergency cases.
The Ebola crisis led to the development of various technologies in the health sector to correctly diagnose diseases andoverall save lives of those living in places which are far awayfrom hospitals. A lot of innovations have since come up, forinstance the FieldLab which has been developed by two Mas-

ters students at Rhodes University, South Africa is a solar-powered lab in a box which is able to carry out DNA analysis, centrifugation and is also able to accommodate additional parts
like a microscope and a thermocycler. The test for viruses isdone the same way as in a laboratory in a building. The Field
lab is portable and it enables health workers to attend to patients in remote areas like in conflict driven areas or places
which are distance away from the hospital.
Dr. CADx is another new innovation that has taken global stage
and won various accolades. Developed by Mr. Gift Gana from
Zimbabwe, Dr. CADx is a software package that assists doctors
and health workers to diagnose medical images more precisely and accurately. Dr. CADX responds to the low number ofradiologists on the continent which has forced general healthpractitioners to interpret medical images who at times failto interpret the images correctly leading to wrong diagnosis
which may result in health complications or even death.
The number of radiologists in Africa is still very low. South Africa boasts of 497 radiologists and 685 radiographers while
Kenya prides itself with 248 registered radiologists which isthe second highest in Africa. Apparently, 14 African countries
do not have any radiologist, which is alarming. There is needfor national governments to invest in the field of radiology inAfrican countries and open room for more to join the profession. The few radiologists available often render their services
to private hospitals because of good pay and availability ofequipment. This denies the poor people the right to healthcare because of the cost factor. Another solution is the incubation of health innovations which are contributing to thehealth system in Africa. Good health and good sense are twoof life’s greatest blessing.

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Interview
5. The number of radiologists in Africa is still low; the ratioof one radiologist in Africa is to a million people while in
the USA the ratio is 1: 9,000. In your opinion what needs
to be done to increase the number of radiologists in thecontinent?
The simplistic answer is that greater investment has to bemade to train and retain more radiologists. The challenge toachieve this is that Africa economies have to grow to affordthat which will be a long process. So, in the interim capacitating non-radiologist doctors with tools like Dr. CADx will go along way to fill the gap.

Mr. Gift Gana
1. Please tell us about your innovation on Dr. CADx andwhy you chose that name?
Dr. CADx, is a computer aided diagnostic system that helps
doctors to diagnose medical images more accurately and at alow cost. This will help reduce the human errors that have direconsequences to patients and drives up medical costs.
CADx is an acronym for Computer Aided Diagnosis. So, thename is saying this is an artificial intelligence assistant doctor
called CADx.
2. What is the niche you realized in Zimbabwe that madeyou and your team develop Dr. CADx?
The problem that we are tackling is that there is a serious
shortage of radiologists, especially in developing countries for
instance, in Zimbabwe there are only 17 radiologists to caterfor a population of about 16 million and none of them work inpublic hospitals that serve majority of the population and thisis the same scenario across many African countries.

6. Is Dr. CADx designed to be used only by radiologists?
Can non-radiologists also use it to interpret medical images for instance a patient who has received his/her medical
report from the doctor?
Dr. CADx is designed for use by both radiologists and non-radiologists as far as regulations in different jurisdictions permit.
As noted earlier, there are very few radiologists in Africa and so
the intended user in that setting are other doctors.
7. What are the advantages and disadvantages of using
Dr. CADx?
The advantages of Dr.CADX is that it is very fast in interpretation of medical images, highly scalable, improved accuracy
and its cost is low. The disadvantage is that it lacks common
sense though at a lower rate it can sometimes miss the obvious
8. It has been more than a year since you developed Dr.
CADx in August 2016; are there any challenges you faced
along the way and what has been your major lesson?
The key to a highly accurate CADx system is a good quality
training data and this can be a challenge to find or compile.
Major lesson has been when it comes to data, quality is more
important that quantity.

3. How does Dr. CADx work?
Dr. CADx uses state-of-the-art deep learning algorithms toperform image recognition which rapidly and accurately interpret medical images. Deep learning is a technology that simulates how the human brain works to teach itself by learningfrom a large set of exemplars, in this case to recognise disease
patterns in images. Dr. CADx is an easy to use software application through which the doctor simply uploads the image foranalysis and in less than a minute gets the diagnosis resultswith a high accuracy.
4. How accurate is Dr. CADx in diagnosing medical images
and does it takes up the role of radiologists?
In our development tests, we have achieved 92% accuracy indiagnosis of TB through chest X-rays, 84% for breast cancer using mammograms and 88% for a set of 5 diseases (TB, lung
Mr. Gift Gana receives an award for his innovation Dr. CADx whichcancer, pneumonia, emphysema and cardiomegaly) in chest
emerged tops during the 2016 ICT Innovation Fund in Zimbabwe.
X-rays. Dr. CADx is meant to be a tool in the hands of radiologists and other doctors to augment and not replace them.
15

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Interview

Mr. Gift Gana through his innovation Dr. CADx has received various accolades globally. In 2017 Mr. Gana received the
Al Medical Imaging Visionary Leadership Award in Cape Town, South Africa and he was nominated to the 2017 Innovation Prize for Africa which was held in Accra, Ghana . Mr. Gana is also the leading global innovator according to the 2017
Disrupt 100 Index.

Mr. Gift Gana receives the Al Medical Imaging Visionary Leadership Award from Frost & Sullivan in Cape Town, South Africa.

9. What is your take on STEM education in Africa, Have weachieved the intended goal and what more needs to bedone?
Our experience has been that finding the right technical expertise is not a stroll in the park, this is an indication that westill need to do more instead of being passive. I have offered
to mentor students at a local university in deep learning as
they undertake their final year projects thereby helping themto gain the skills required in the market.
10. Dr. CADx will soon be available on laptops and tablets.
Are there plans to also incorporate it in mobile phones as
currently the number of smart phone users in the continent stands at 293.8 million ?
Yes, we plan to have Dr. CADx available across all devices.
11. How will Dr. CADx be used in hospitals especially in therural areas where there is low Internet connectivity?
We will offer an offline version in addition to a cloud based
solution to cater for areas with poor connectivity.
12. Do you have the intentions of partnering with the Ministry of Health in Zimbabwe so that Dr. CADx will be available in all public hospitals?
Yes.

13. Is the innovation currently available only in Zimbabwe?
The solution is not yet available for routine clinical use anywhere. We are preparing for our first clinical trial in Zimbabwe,
and we are currently looking for partnerships to conduct trials
in other countries.
14. Dr. CADx has received various accolades not limited
to being named as a leading Global Innovator in the 2017
Disrupt 100 Index and the 2017 Al Medical Imaging Visionary Innovation Leadership Award. What have been the lessons so far and what is your team’s vision in the next five
years?
The path of an entrepreneur is a hard one and getting an accolade is one of those things that says someone acknowledges
what we are doing. In five years’ time, I expect our solution to
be positively impacting tens of millions of patients and wehelp provide them with more accurate diagnoses.
15. What is your message to upcoming innovators?
Things usually take longer and cost more than originallyplanned, but you just have to keep on it.
16. Your favourite quote?
Keep on keeping on.

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Climate Change

THE STATE OF CLIMATE CHANGE IN CAMEROON

Forest vegatation cover in Cameroon.

By Prof. Sylvester Ndeso Atanga- ATPS National
Chapter Coordinator Cameroon
Kum Christian Tegha- Research Coordinator, ATPS
CameroonCameroon is a country blessed with natural resources
but it is heavily dependent on revenues generated
from oil, timber, and agricultural products which
could undermine sustainable growth in future if
alternative economic activities are not sought. The country
also has other unexploited mineral resources such as bauxite,
natural gas, iron and cobalt.
Climate change affects Cameroon’s development because of
its consequences which will change the fate of many generations to come and particularly its impact on the poor if no appropriate measures are taken. The adverse effects of climaticchange to which Cameroon is exposed to are already exerting
considerable stress on important sectors from which revenue
for development is generated such as agriculture and exploitation of natural resources. This poses a serious threat to national development and poverty reduction.
The climate of Cameroon has been heavily variable over thelast several decades often with very high amplitudes. Climatic
factors in Cameroon already limit the availability of freshwaters which causes decreased crop yields, land degradation,
poor economic growth, and large social problems such as the
spread of diseases. To overcome these climate change challenges, unprecedented efforts are needed based on insights
in natural, social, economic, political, and health sciences. The
support of decision-making processes based on a thoroughunderstanding of all related processes is mandatory to overcome this pressing problem.
Climate Change in Cameroon

As a result of its geographical position, Cameroon has a great
diversity in ecosystems and climates. It is traditionally divided
into 5 agro-ecological zones that broadly follow the cut-up of
its natural regions:•
Coastal plain with a coastal and mountainous facade. It ischaracterized by the “Cameroonian” moist equatorial climate and has the highest rainfall in the country.
•
South Cameroon Plateau, South and East, a tropical rainforest environment with a very dense hydrographic network.
•
The High Plateau Zone; covering the North West and West
Regions, it is an upland region with a monsoon equatorial
climate. It is the country’s 2nd “water shed”.
•
The Guinean High Savannah in the Centre of the country with Sudano-Guinean vegetation on the Adamawa
plateau is the country’s 1st “Catchment Area”. Many majorrivers take their rise from here.
•
The Sudano-sahelian zone in the North with savannah
vegetation and semi-arid climate.
Cameroon is 5th among the richest African countries in termsof biodiversity. The country’s forests host 40% of African animal species representing 48% of mammals, at least 54% ofbird species, 50% of the continent’s known amphibians, 30%75% of reptiles, 42% of identified African butterflies, and at
least 21% of its fishery resources. Cameroon has two maintypes of climate: the equatorial and tropical climate which are
influenced by altitude and the monsoon winds. Cameroon
also exhibits all major climates of the African continent popularly known as “Africa in miniature”. The South and Southwest
Cameroon contains coastal and rainforest regions that arecharacterised by hot and humid conditions, the mountains in
the North West and West of Cameroon have a mild climate,
and the Northern desert regions are hot and dry. The annual
average temperatures vary from 20°C to 28°C and increase as17

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one moves northwards. The country has one main rainy season and rainfall varies with distance from the sea, altitude
and latitude, dropping as one moves from the sea (7500mm)
to the interior 2500 mm, and from the south (2000 mm) to
the north (550 mm). Cameroon is therefore experiencing a
number of diverse climate change impacts that vary between
different regions of the country. The average temperaturesin Cameroon have been on the rise since 1930 with a net increase 0.95°C between 1930 and 1995; the average rainfall has
also decreased by over 2% per decade since 1960, although
the dense rainforest region continues to include some of thewettest places on earth. These changes have been linked to
extreme weather conditions across the country. The Northern
Sudano-Sahelian region is experiencing increased incidencesof drought and desert advancement that have scorched large
expanses of land, whilst the Southwest coastal and rainforest regions have experienced increased periods of prolonged
rainfall that have led to flooding, with landslides in the Northwestern Region. Cameroon is a country of extreme contrasts
and climate change is expected to make these differencesmore pronounced.
Future Prediction of Climate Change in Cameroon
The average annual temperature has risen by 0.7°C since 1960
and corresponds to an increase of 0.15°C per decade. It is
predicted to increase between 1.5°C and 4.5°C by 2100 witha 1.6°C to 3.3°C rise in coastal zones and a 2.1°C to 4.5°C risein the Northern region. However, there is evidence to suggestthat this temperature rise could in fact reach as high as 2°C by
2060 if something is not done (mitigation). The average annual rainfall in Cameroon has fallen by approximately 2.2%
per decade ( 2.9 mm per month) since 1960. Some studies
and models predict that the average rainfall will continue todecrease, leading to a prolonged dry season in the Northern
region as the three month rainy season common to that area
migrates south. Desert conditions are expected to dominate
the Northern region by 2100. Decreased rainfall and increased
temperatures are also expected to decrease run off by up to
21%, subsequently drying up feeder rivers and streams acrossthe country. It is predicted that Lake Chad which border Cameroon will be nearly completely dried up by 2060 with devastating consequences on the ecosystem and biodiversity in theregion. Cameroon is also expected to experience the impactsof sea level rise over the next Century along the coast.
Expected Social and Environmental Impacts of Climate
Change in Cameroon
Vulnerability varies with natural region. The main climatechange risks were evaluated for each natural region. The
northern region is characterized by drought, violent winds,
floods and landslides and slips, to which erosion can be included. In the Adamawa, a region naturally exposed toseismic and volcanic risks, landslides caused by heavy rains

Climate Change
and the existing relief energy (gravity) constitute the most recurrent risk. To this can be added the risk of erosion caused byover grazing. The Western highlands for their part are characterized in literature by the risk of gas emissions from lakes,
Monoun and Nyos, due to heavy rainfall and the sheer seriousness of the same climate risks as those in the Adamawa
plateau. The South Cameroon plateau, on the contrary, will
witness heat waves resulting from global warming. These
shall be added to flooding, landslides and erosion. Lastly, inthe coastal region, intense and abundant rainfall will cause
recurrent flooding, mass movements and erosion. Based on all
the information collected and analysed, the northern part of
Cameroon seems to be most vulnerable to climate change inthe country, followed by the coast and the Western highlands.
The South Cameroon plateau appears to be the least affected, but care must still be taken because of deforestation, forestry and mining which jeopardises conservationand can accelerate the above mentioned threats.
The agricultural sector in Cameroon due to its high sensitivity as a result of availability of water, erosion and flooding, it
shall be the most affected by climate change in Cameroon.
Similarly, energy production is entirely dependent on the hydrological system and considering the influence of the availability of energy resources on the other development sectors,
the vulnerability of the main rivers’ regimes will have a major
impact on the development of the country as a whole. As aconcern especially to human groups; the main vulnerability
factor is poverty in peri-urban areas, in addition to mass exodus from rural areas to urban areas which already face a hugedemographic pressure from youths and vulnerable classes
seeking better living conditions. The forest sector is also ofgreat economic importance, second only to oil production.
However, unregulated logging in some areas is contributing
to the effects of climate change and causing irreparable environmental damage. As temperatures continue to rise these
impacts are expected to become more profound throughout
the century. Low adaptive capacity: the poorest populations
in areas sensitive to climate change like in theSudano -Sahelian zone and the coastal areas are already struggling to copewith current extreme weather events and climate variability.
The greater frequency and severity of climate shocks is repeatedly eroding coping capacity in most of these areas.
The Need for Adaptation
In Cameroon, development and livelihood systems are stillclosely linked to environmental services given the minisculetransitional changes from land-based economy in diversification of asset portfolios. This complex pattern of dependence
on natural resources increases the risks, unpredictability anduncertainties surrounding human livelihood as the natural
resource systems remain sensitive to changes brought about
by climate. Thus, the vulnerability of the forest ecosystems toclimate impacts ultimately creates risks to the livelihoods of18

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Climate Change

forest-dependent communities and to national development
and economic activities linked to forests. Invariably, adaptation of both the ecological aspects (the forest ecosystem itself ) and the social aspects (the people and their livelihoods,
which depend on the forest resources) of the coupled system
becomes inevitable. It is still against this backdrop that it isbelieved that forests can equally serve as an entry point foradaptation. However, a study commissioned by the United
Nations Institute for Training and Research (UNITAR) revealed
that many African countries including Cameroon do not takeclimate change as a key priority in their decision-making processes and long-term forest management plans. In addition,
despite its importance, forests are not also fully captured in
the national development planning processes especially intheir roles for climate change and poverty reduction strategies. Therefore, it is necessary to develop institutional and policy interventions necessary to facilitate the incorporation ofclimate change into forestry such as practical guidance. Such
institutional and policy interventions should increase the roleof forests in local and national development and facilitate thedevelopment of livelihood adaptation strategies on a framework of forest ecosystems.

Cameroon’s Government Response to Climate Change
The Cameroon’s government response to climate change has
been mixed. The country is active at the international and regional levels in a number of processes, such as her participation in the Central African Forests Commission (CAFCOM orCOMIFAC), established in 2005 as part of a commitment tosustainable forest management in the Congo Basin. Regionalawareness on climate change has been established in linewith the opportunities presented by emerging carbon markets and financial incentives for voluntary reductions in national deforestation rates. Through CAFCOM, Cameroon has
played an important role in contributing to the developmentof the REDD+ option, in particular with regards to avoiding
deforestation and forest degradation, and also the enhancement of carbon stocks in protected areas. At the national level
the government’s response to climate change is much lessclear. Political discourse around climate change has not yet
emerged in Cameroon despite the country’s high level international commitments.
Adaptation

Mitigation and Option Strategies: Summary of strategic options per agro-ecological zone
Forest with bimodal rainfall zone

Moist forest withmonomodal rainfall zone

High plateauszone

Guinea highsavannah zone

Sudano Sahelian zone

Competitive agriculture that respects the forests and natural resources shall be promoted
Green agriculture(agro-forestry,composting, etc.)

+++

+++

++

Integration of arable
cultivation/livestock

+

++

+++

+++

+++

Accompanying measures (microcredit,
training, etc.)

+

++

+

+

+++

Energy sources are diversified to reduce pressure on wood
Improved stoves/
ovens

+

++

+++

+++

Planting for purposesof energy supply

+

+

+++

+++

Alternative energies

+

++

++

++

+++

+++

The growth in the carbon stock shall be favoured through sustainable forestry

RIL

+++

+++

•

Improvement of
performance

+++

+++

•

Reinforcementof protected area
management

++

+

+

+++

++

•

Afforestation,
reforestation

+

++

+++

++

+++

++

+

+

++

•
Forest monitoring ++++ to +++: from least to most important.

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Climate Change

Adaptation to climate change in Cameroon is still very timid
and takes place in two methods. Endogenous methods whichcome from the population facing the climate change risk, andother measures from the various administrative sectors andpersonal notes from experts. The Endogenous methods varywith natural region and type of activity in each region. The useof improved breeds, modification of the agricultural calendar,
the fight against bush fires, dispersal of livestock, construction of dykes, transhumance, planting of trees, improvementof seed conservation, diversification of activities, reduction offood rations, construction on piles, recycling of wastes, creation of community forests are the main adaptation measures
adopted by the population in the different natural regions. Regarding institutions, adaptation options involve the total control of water, diversification of crops, reactivation of reforestation programmes, vulgarization of fodder banks, constructionof soil protection and restoration structures, climate risk management, domestication of some wild species, etc. The cost ofadaptation measures cannot be estimated at this stage.
Cameroon REDD+ Strategy
Cameroon supports the initiative to reduce emissions fromdeforestation and forest degradation and wishes that forest
conservation and sustainable management efforts be taken
into account. To this effect, an adjustment factor has to be defined and taken into consideration in the calculation and reduction carbon emissions. Cameroon opts for the implementation of a market mechanism where all efforts at reduction
can be evaluated in terms of carbon credit that can be tradedon the carbon market.

Cameroon’s GHG emission as estimated in the year 2000 revealed that total emissions amounted to 40,985.43 Gg of CO2
as compared to an absorption of 107,672.06 Gg. The inventory
thus shows that GHG emission (excluding Land Use, Land-use
change and Forestry (LULUCF) stands at 29,571 Gg of CO2 Eq.
Inclusion of the LULUCF sector will raise these emissions to
29,599 Gg CO2 Eq. and absorptions of about 76,582 Gg CO2
Eq. (-76 582 Gg Eq. CO2), amounting to a net absorption of
46,983 Gg CO2 Eq. (- 46 983 Gg CO2 Eq.). Generally speaking,Cameroon is therefore a GHG sink with a capacity to absorb
46,983 Gg CO2 Eq. Table 2 shows a list of the technologies per
sector used in Cameroon.

Institutional Strategies
The UNFCCC requires each country to have a National Focal
Point and a National Climate Change Committee, both ofwhich are already established in Cameroon in the Ministryof Environment and Nature Protection and Sustainable Development (MINEPDED). In 2005 the government provided
a First National Communication to the UNFCCC and in 2010
prepared a set of Nationally Appropriate Mitigation Actions(NAMAs). The administrative leadership for climate change iscurrently situated in MINEPDED and is coordinated through amonitoring unit (Cellule du Monitoring) headed by the UNFCCC focal point. The unit is staffed by the Ministry and includes
civil servants from a range of backgrounds including livestock
and agriculture, satellite geometry, environmental businessdevelopment, and communications specialists. Current activities are focused on the REDD+ and mitigation with little focus

Energy

Waste

LULUCF

Agriculture

Livestock

Hydro-electricity,
micro hydroelectricity
plant

Incinerator

Reforestation

Irrigation

Rational pasturemanagement

Thermal plant (oil)Methanisation

Reforestation

Organic manure

Transhumance

Power generators

Waste recycling

Protected area

Water reservoir

Animal vaccination
andhealth monitoring

Solar

CompostingResting

Terrace cultivation

Crossbreeding

Fuel wood

Waste sorting

Bushfires control

HedgesUse of agriculturalresidues as animal
feed

Biomass

Effluent water
treatment

Rational pasturemanagement

Improved fallowing
with legumes

Use of industrial
residues as animal
feed

Butane gas

Filtration of industrial effluent waters

Forest management Mineral fertilisers
units

BiogasPurification plants

Forest cartography
and zoning

Improved
fireplaces

Community forest

Fight against
erosionFossil fuelCommunity forest

Contour ploughing

Thermal plant (gas)Agroforestry

Multicropping andrelated forms

20

Biotechnology

www.atpsnet.org
focus on adaptation. Despite reports of strong technical leadership and awareness on climate change from the Focal Point,
the capacity of this unit to drive the climate change agenda
beyond its own immediate activities and workplace has been
limited thus far. As the coordinating ministry for the environment and the nature protection, MINEPDED is mandated to coordinate climate change at the Ministry level. To date MINEPDED has been slow to convene ministries and build momentum
for climate change across government. Although a number ofline ministries, for example the Ministry of Agriculture, are becoming increasingly aware of the impacts of climate change
they are currently unable to identify how it should be mainstreamed across their sector programmes. Lack of capacity forcosting at the sector and national levels is also evident acrossgovernment departments.
Research and Systematic Observation: Cameroon has a
Ministry of Research and a Department of National Meteorology. Since 2011, MINEPED has rehabilitated about twenty
meteorological stations to facilitate the collection of climate
data. A national climate change observatory has been set up
in the ministry. The main stakeholders in the area of systematic observation and research on climate change in Cameroon
include:•The Agence pour la Sécurité de la Navigation Aérienne en
Afrique et à Madagascar (ASECNA);•The Department of National Meteorology (DMN); ONACC,
MINRESI, and Cameroon’s Universities. Research in Cameroon is appreciable but only a handful of institutions
have an activity scope that more or less deals with climatechange outside CIFOR, ICRAF, IRD and CIRAD

Climate Change
and the delays faced in establishing this unit. Concern was
also expressed that the creation of ONACC under the existing
Climate Change Unit in MINEP could result in climate change
being monopolised by a small number of actors who could
act as gatekeepers to information and resources for climatechange in the future assessments, air quality safeguards, andthe preservation of local ecosystems and natural resources.
Looking at Cameroon’s national development plan, the Vision
2035, which focuses on the need for improved governance,enhanced economic growth, employment, and increased social unity and development, it does not address the impacts
and challenges of climate change although general reference
is made on the need for climate change to be considered innational and regional development issues. As a result, themedium-term Growth and Employment Strategy (GESP) fails
to adequately include climate change in the country’s development plan. Alongside gender and specific groups the GESP
states that “the effects of climate change will be examined in
the planning, programming and budgeting phases, in orderto sufficiently mainstream them in the economic and social
development process”. This is not yet happening and there isno government leadership on how this mainstreaming should
begin to take place. Political leadership and commitment forclimate change will need to be scaled up significantly if climatechange is to become embedded across sector programmes.

From the major policy documents in Cameroon and other relevant policy texts, press releases and government statements,
reviewed for this paper, the First and Second National Communication (NC) submitted to UNFCCC in 2005 and 2016 respectively are the only documents that deal directly with theLegislative Strategies
issues of climate change. The first NC mostly focused on mitigation aspects and related issues while the Second National
Early at its launch in 1992, Cameroon signed the UNFCCC con- Communication of the country dealt successively with GHG
vention and ratified it in 2004, thereby signifying its readiness inventories, the country’s ability to mitigate GHG emissions,
to contribute to the reduction of greenhouse gas (GHG) emis- vulnerability to climate variation, and climate change adaptasions. The UNFCCC provided the basis for concerted interna- tion, Shortcomings and Constraints Observed in the Impletional action to mitigate climate change and to adapt to its mentation of UNFCCC. Several shortcomings can prevent or
impacts. Its provisions were far-sighted, innovative and firmly slow down the implementation of the UNFCCC in Cameroon.
embedded in the concept of sustainable development.
•
Regarding law and regulations, there are difficulties in the
In 2006 the government launched a National Environment
operationalization of ONACC (National Climate ChangeManagement Plan (NEMP), this was the first legislation to be
Observatory).
introduced that has strict environmental requirements includ- •At the institutional level, the national structure in charge
ing environmental impacts. In December 2009, the Presidentof implementing the Convention has not yet been given
signed a decree that set out the functions of a newly createdan adequate financial and material capacity to fulfil its
National Observatory on Climate Change (ONACC) which is
UNFCCC mission.
established under MINEPDED. This indicated a level of political •Awareness on the developmental stakes of climate“buy-in” for climate change previously not experienced at thechange is insufficient and because of this, the “climate
national level, although the Decree has yet to be passed andchange” dimension has not yet been taken into accountat the time of writing ONACC is not yet operational. MINEP’ssome of the national development policies and strategies
Climate Change Unit reports that it is already undertaking a(GESP, PRSP).
number of activities that fall under ONACC, without having •From the technical perspective, lack of sufficient and deadditional resources for these tasks. Donor and civil society rependable data and qualitative and quantitative shortage
spondents expressed frustrations around the ONACC processof national technical expertise, and insufficient nature of
21 financial contributions is a major challenge.

www.atpsnet.org

ATPS National Chapter Coordinator Column

Financial, Technical and Human Resource Needs. Some ofthese needs identified include:•
Funding for the implementation of priority projects;•

Operational capacity building for institutions and experts; Information and education of the public.

TECHNOLOGY ROADMAPS IN ETHIOPIA: TURNINGPOLICY STATEMENTS INTO ACTION

The Chinese built Ring road in Ethiopia.

By Wondwossen Belete
ATPS National Chapter Coordinator, Ethiopia

T

he Science, Technology and Innovation Policy of Ethiopia was approved by Cabinet in 2012. This policy
focused on the absorption and adaptation of established practices to suit local resource endowments
and market prospects. This is reflected in the policy’s vision
which is stated as: “to entrench the capabilities which enable
rapid learning, adaptation and utilization of effective foreigntechnologies by the year 2022/23.” The policy strategies aredesigned to support the acquisition; diffusion and upgradingof technologies that already exist in more technologically advanced countries.
To turn the vision into concrete action, different activities andprograms have been implemented over the last five years.
One of these is the development of a series of roadmaps indifferent technology areas by outlining performance targets,
pathways, priorities and time frames for technology transfer
and local technological capability building. The roadmaps areintended to facilitate the process of national innovation system building. They are expected to guide technology investment decisions by identifying critical technologies and22

technology gaps, and also identifying ways to leverage R&D
investments. The technology roadmaps visualize potential
trajectories to be followed in order to go from the current
state to a desired future state. They aim to ensure that links
among tasks and priorities for action in the near, medium andlong term are clearly outlined.
The roadmaps are shown both at macro and micro levels to
make decisions easier and facilitate the transfer of selected
technologies. For each product or service the roadmaps show
the product type, alternative technologies, the mode of transfer and the time frame for the transfer. (See Table 1)
The technology road mapping process was led by the Ministry of Science and Technology. Technical committees which
comprises of experts in different technology fields were established to develop the roadmaps. Members of these committees were drawn from government agencies, researchorganizations and academic institutes. In order to develop
the technology roadmaps, experts established baseline conditions in each sector and analyzed the current state of thetechnology which put into consideration the social, technolo-

www.atpsnet.org

ATPS National Chapter Coordinator Column

1. Livestock technology

2. Environment technology

3.Meat technology

4. Information and communication technology(ICT)

5.Crop technology

6.Fertilizer technology

7. Sugar technology

8. Leather technology

9. Irrigation technology

10. Cement technology

11. Coffee technology

12. Road technology

13. Textile & garment tech- 14. Chemical technology
nology15. Pharmaceutical technology

16. Construction technology

17. Metal technology

19. Energy technology

20. Railway technology

18. Mines technology

gical, economical, environmental and political drivers byidentifying and listing opportunities and threats for eachsector. Key factors that affect the process of technology
transfer and development such as government policies anddemand conditions were examined. Trends that are likely tolead to new policies were also considered. The technologies
identified were mainly based on ideas which came up during
technical sessions of experts and inputs obtained from fieldvisits. Additional inputs for the development of the roadmaps
were obtained from stakeholder engagement and professional
opinions of national and international experts.
The development of the technology roadmaps is acommendable job. However, achieving the roadmaps’ goals
requires commitment to action from key decision makers andstakeholders. The true measure of success is whether or not
the roadmaps are implemented and the priorities are addres-

sed therefore, the roadmaps should be communicated toconvey key messages and key stakeholder groups need tobe reached and engaged. It is also necessary to re-evaluate
technology pathways at regular intervals and adjust theroadmaps.

Mr. Wondwossen Belete
ATPS National Chapter Coordinator,
Ethiopia23

www.atpsnet.org

ATPS Board Members

ATPS APPOINTS NEW BOARD MEMBERS

Prof. Crispus Makau Kiamba

Dr. Catherine Adeya WeyaThe ATPS management congratulates Prof. Crispus
Makau Kiamba, Dr. Catherine Adeya Weya and Mr.
Ralph Richard von Kaufman for their appointment
as members of the ATPS Board of Directors. Their appointment was officially approved by other members during
their Board meeting in September 2017.
Prof. Kiamba is currently in the School of Built Environment,
University of Nairobi, Kenya. He has previously served as theChief Executive Officer at the Commission for Higher Education, Kenya and he is a former Vice-chancellor of the Universityof Nairobi, Kenya. He has also served as the Permanent Secretary in the Ministry of Higher Education, Science and Technology, Kenya (2008-2013) and Ministry of Science and Technology, Kenya (2006-2008). Prof. Kiamba is currently a member of
the Technical Support Teams of the two World Bank affiliatedprojects: the African Higher Education Centres of Excellence(ACE) Project and the Partnership for Skills in Applied Sciences,
Engineering and Technology (PASET).

Mr. Ralph Richard von Kaufmann

Bank; Forum for Agricultural Research in Africa; International
Livestock Research Institute (ILRI)-Kenya, Botswana, Nigeria
and Ethiopia. Additionally, he has also served as the Director
for Capacity Strengthening Facility Coordinator at the Universities, Business and Research in Agricultural Innovation (UniBRAIN). Mr. Kaufmann core interests are in the field of businessincubation, foresign, controlled environment agriculture andlivestock.
Other ATPS board members include: Prof. Oyebanji Oyeyinka
Oyelaran, Dr. Peggy Oti-Boateng, Dr. El Tayed Mustafa and
Mr. Chuma Ikenze. ATPS Executive Director, Dr. Nicholas Ozor
serves as an ex-officio member and Secretary to the Board.
The ATPS management welcomes them and pledges to support to them in order to steer ATPS forward towards becoming
the leading international centre of excellence and reference inscience, technology and innovation systems research, training and capacity building, communication and sensitization,knowledge brokerage, policy advocacy and outreach in Africa.

Dr. Catherine Adeya Weya is an Information Specialist withover 20 years of experience in the ICT research sector, having
worked for agencies like UNU-INTECH in Netherlands. She hasdone various research projects including Industrial Clusters
and Innovation Systems in Africa. Dr. Weya is a member of the
Editorial board for Journal of Perspectives on Global Development & Technology and she has ever been appointed to takeup the role of being a judge during the Vision 2030 ICT Innovation Awards and the Innovation Prize for Africa.
Mr. Ralph Richard von Kaufmann is currently an associate consultant at the African Agribusiness Incubators Network (AAIN).
He has previously worked at Leeds University; University of
Nairobi; Kenya Agricultural Finance Corporation; Botswana
Ministry of Agriculture; Botswana National Development24

www.atpsnet.org

Opportunities

OPPORTUNITIESCall for Participants: Air Pollution in Emerging Mega-Cities:
Sources, Evolution and Impacts
The British Council’s Researcher Links programme, offered under the Newton Fund is pleased to invite Early Career
Researchers (ECRs) based in UK, Kenya and South Africa to participate in a five-day workshop on air pollution in emerging
mega-cities in Africa. The workshop is being coordinated by Lancaster University (UK), African Technology and Policy Studies(Kenya), and North West University (South Africa).
The workshop aims to:•
Establish the current state of science and future needs of the atmospheric research community in order to address thegrowing issue of air pollution, climate change and their impacts on the society in and around emerging mega-cities;•
Introduce Early Career Researchers (ECRs) to a wide range of techniques and skills required to pursue cutting edge,transformative atmospheric research;•
Raise awareness of the need for transdisciplinary co-produced research to holistically tackle the challenges of the UN
Sustainable Development Goals;•
Establish a cohort of ECRs engaged in chemistry-climate and air pollution research in UK, Kenya and South Africa, whohave the potential to become future research leaders;•
Facilitate cross-boundary networking and identify common experience on which to build future collaborative
partnerships with fellow ECRs, established scientists, policy makers and stakeholders.
The workshop will be facilitated by established researchers and practitioners who will also act as mentors to participating
ECRs. The event will take place from Monday 16 April - Friday 20 April 2018 at the African Technology Policy Studies
Network (ATPS), Nairobi, Kenya.

APPLICATION: The application form is available at https://atpsnet.org/projects/call-for-participants/ . The form should
be completed and returned to the relevant country contact by Sunday 18th February 2018.
For applicants in Kenya: Send to Alfred Nyambane, ATPS (anyambane@atpsnet.org)
For applicants in UK: Send to Dr. Kirsti Ashworth, LU (k.s.ashworth1@lancaster.ac.uk)
For applicants in South Africa: Send to Roelof Burger, NWU (Roelof.Burger@nwu.ac.za)

Opportunities for Women Entrepreneurs in ATPS Network
The African Women Entrepreneurship Cooperative (AWEC) is inviting applications from women entrepreneurs and businessowners from any country in Africa and members of the ATPS network; there are no restrictions on the business industries
represented. According to the Global Entrepreneurship Monitor Africa produces more women entrepreneurs than any
other region in the world however, they face barriers that threaten to undermine innovation and growth. Some of thesechallenges include: -unequal access to financial management training and capital; lack of networking opportunities, lack ofhigh-quality, affordable and online learning options; and unequal access to business education and management training.
The AWEC aims to build a pan-African community of women entrepreneurs and business owners, empowering them withstrategy, leadership and business management skills needed for growth and economic advancement.
Participants MUST be ready to commit themselves for a 12-month training program.
Applications are open from 31st January 2018 to 14th February 2018.
For more information on how to apply please visit https://www.thecge.net/awec/

25

www.atpsnet.org

Photo Gallery

LANDINFOMOBILE- APP
TRAINING
IN NAKURU,
KENYA
PHOTO GALLERY
ClimateInformation
Prize 2016

Mr.Dr.
Frederick
Owino
fromATPS
the County
Directorateof Agriculture
NicholasOzor,
Executive
Director
NakuruCounty,Kenya
welcomes
participants
totheLandInfo
making his address to the audience.
mobile app training workshop.

Participants in the field using the LandInfo mobile app todetermine the biophysical characteristics of soil in Nakuru
County, Kenya.

Participants testing the soil sample at Nakuru Agricultural
Training Centre in Nakuru County, Kenya.

ATPS team that participated in the two- day training
workshop in Nakuru County, Kenya.

A cross-sectional view of participants during the classroom
session of the two- day training workshop in Nakuru County,
Kenya.

Dr. Nicholas Ozor (Right) awards a certificate to a participant
for having successfully completed the LandInfo mobile app
training workshop in Nakuru County, Kenya.

26

www.atpsnet.org

Photo Gallery

UN SCIENCE POLICY BUSINESS FORUM

From Left: Dr. Cheikh Mbow, Dr. Nicholas Ozor, Dr. Erica Key,Mr. Ibrahim Thiaw and Dr. Fatima Denton, panelists during thediscussion on, “Funding Science for a Pollution Free World: How
Africa can close the Science-Funding Gap.”

Dr. Nicholas Ozor, ATPS Executive Director addressing delegatesat the UNEA-3 Belmont Forum Breakfast session.

A delegateaskinga question
the UNEA-3
Belmont
Dr.
NicholasOzor
amongduring
key invited
guestsat
Forum
Session.
the event.

Dr. Cheikh Mbow moderating the panel discussion on ,”Funding Science for a Pollution Free World: How Africa can close the
Science-Funding Gap.”

Dr. Cheikh Mbow engaging delegates who attended the UNEA3 Belmont Forum Session.

A cross-sectional view of delegates present at the UNEA-3
Belmont Forum Session.

27

www.atpsnet.org

ATPS National Chapter Coordinators

ATPS NATIONAL CHAPTER COORDINATORS

Australia
Mr. David Doepel
Chair, Africa Research Group, Murdoch
University
90 South Street
MurdochWestern Australia 6150
Tel: +61418912287
Email: d.doepel@murdoch.edu.au
Benin
Dr. Roch L. Mongbo
Senior Lecturer & Researcher
Director of LADyD (Lab for Social
Dynamics and Development Studies)
Universite’ d’Abomey-Calavi,Benin
02 BP 778 Gbe’gamey
Cotonou, Benin
Tel: +229-21360126
Cell : +229-95966446 / 97374797
Email: rmongbo@intnet.bj or
Rochl_mongbo@yahoo.com
Botswana
Dr. John Mothibi
Lecturer, Faculty of Engineering &Technology
University of Botswana
P/Bag 0061
Gaborone, Botswana
Tel: +267 3554348
Fax: +267 3952309
E-mail: mothibij@mopipi.ub.bw
Burkina Faso
Dr. Benoit Kabore
Université de Ouagadougou
01 BP 4487
Ouagadougou 01
Burkina Faso
Tel: 226 812008/380715
Email: benkabor2003@yahoo.fr

Cameroon
Prof. Sylvester Ndeso Atanga
Senior Visiting Lecturer, Epidemology &Public HealthFaculty of Health Sciences
University of Buea
P.O. Box 63
South West Province
Republic of Cameroon
Tel: + 237-653774599/ 243094176
Cell: +237-99841433
Email: silawrence2011@gmail.com
or ndesoatpscamnet@
rocketmail.com

Cote d’Ivore
Prof. Arsène Kouadio,
Associate Professor, University of
Abidjan-Cocody ; Researcher, CIRES
Director, Laboratoire de croissance
Economique
Executive Director, Institut pour leDéveloppement (IPD),
Coordinator, ATPS Côe d’Ivoire,
Coordinator, RIA Côte d’Ivoire,
Fellow Researcher, AERC, Poverty
Economic Policy (PEP),
Cocody, Boulelevard Latrille
08 B.P. 1295 Abidjan 08, Côte d’Ivoire
Tel : +225 22 44 60 99
Fax: +225 22 48 82 84
Mobile : +225 07 98 46 80 /05 95 97 91
E-mail: arsene.k@ipd-ci.org
arsenekk@yahoo.fr
arsenekouadio@hotmail.com
Egypt
Ms. Manal Moustafa Samra
Focal Point Coordinator
45 Noubar Street, Bab El-Louk
8th Floor, Apt 29,Cairo
Egypt
Tel: +20105005284
Email: mmsamra@gmail.com

Ethiopia
Mr. Wondwossen Belete,
Ag. National Coordinator
Director of Intellectual Property
Protection and Technology Transfer,
Ethiopian Industrial Property
Organization (EIPO)
Email: wondwossenbel@yahoo.com
GambiaVacantGhana
Dr. Fred Amu-Mensah
Senior Research Scientist
CSIR Water Research Institute
P.O. Box M.32
Accra, Ghana
Tel: +233-24-4748197
Fax: +233 21 77 7170
Email: assabil@aim.com orobeyie@gmail.com

28

Kenya
Mr. Kenneth Williams Aduda
Senior Research Fellow
Jaramogi Oginga Odinga University
P.O. Box 201 - 40601
Bondo, Kenya
Tel: +254 057 - 2501804
Fax: +254 057 - 2523851
Email: adudakenwo@gmail.com
Lesotho
Mr. Denis Sekoja Phakisi
Acting National Coordinator
Manufacturing Manager
Loti Brick
P.O. Box 8008, Maseru 100, Lesotho
Tel: +266 5885 3389
Fax: +266 22310071
Email: ds.phakisi@lycos.com
Liberia
Dr. Wollor Emmanuel Topor
National Coordinator
Acting Dean
College of Science and Technology
University of Liberia
Tel: + 231-6875802
Email: wollortopor@yahoo.com
Malawi
Kingdom M. Kwapata
Bunda College, P.O. Box 219,
Lilongwe, Malawi
Tel: +265 999195477
E-mail: kwapata@yahoo.com
Mali
Dr. Sidiki Gabriel Dembele
Agrochimie/Agroforesterie et Fertilitédes sols
Bureau Ouest-Africain d’Appui
Organisational et de Technologies
Appropiées
B.P. E 3730, Bamako, Mali
Tél. : (223) 226 2012
Fax : (223) 226 2504
Cell : (223) 71 3806
Email: sidikigabriel@hotmail.com orousmanenia2000@yahoo.fr
MoroccoProf. Saïd Boujraf
National Coordinator
Director of the Clinical Neuroscience
Laboratory
Department of Biophysics and Clinical
MRI Methods

www.atpsnet.org

ATPS National Chapter Coordinators

ATPS NATIONAL CHAPTER COORDINATORS

Faculty of Medicine and Pharmacy,
University of Fez
BP. 1893; Km 2.200, Sidi Hrazem Road,Fez 30000, MoroccoTel: +212 667 780 442
Fax: +212 535 619 321
E-mail: sboujraf@gmail.com

MozambiqueEng. Lourino Alberto Chemane
ICT and Planning Advisor
Executive Secretariat, ICT Policy
Commission
Bairro da Coop
Rua Particular Dr. Antonio de Almeida
61 R/C Direito, Maputo
MozambiqueTel: +258 21 309398
Fax: +258 21 302289
Cell : +258 82 3110700
Email: chemane@infopol.gov.mz
Namibia
Surveyor Uzochukwu Okafor
Surveyor- General
Directorate of Survey and Mapping
Ministry of Land Reform
Tel: +264(0)2965036
Mobile: +264811223311
Email: uzo.okafor@mlr.gov.na
NigeriaProf. Michael C. Madukwe
Professor, Department of Agricultural
Extension
University of Nigeria
Nsukka, Enugu State
Nigeria
Tel: +234 42 771019
Fax: +234 42 771500
Cell: +234 803 700 6968
Email: madukwe@hotmail.com or
madukwemichael@yahoo.com
Prof. Femi Olokesusi
Nigerian Institute for Social andEconomic Research (NISER)
P.M.B 5 UI Post Office
Oyo Road, Ojoo, Ibadan, Nigeria
Tel: 234-8023322052/ 8073132917
Fax: +234 2 2413121
Email: femioloke@yahoo.com
RwandaDr. Marie-Christine Gasingirwa,
Director General, Science, Technology
and Research,

Ministry of Education, Rwanda.
Email: cgasingirwa@mineduc.gov.rw

Sierra Leone
Mr. Chris Squire
Head, Dept of Mechanical Engineering
Fourah Bay College
University of Sierra Leone
Mount Auroel
PMB Freetown Sierra Leone
Tel: +232 22 227831
Fax: +232 22 227453
Cell: +232 76 610600
Email: squirechris15@yahoo.com
SenegalDr. Papa Alioune Sarr Ndiaye
ESP BP 15475 DAKAR Fann
SénégalTél : Bureau (221) 864 54 18
Fax : (221) 864 21 43
Domicile (221) 820 23 88
Cellulaire (221) 634 58 88
Email : papaas.ndiaye@ucad.edu.sn or
papealiounen@yahoo.fr
South Africa
Professor Mark Swilling
Stellenbosch University, Private Bag X1,
Matieland, 7602, South Africa
Cell: +27(0)83-459 7417
Tel: +27(0)21-881 3196
Fax: +27(0)21 - 881 3294
Email: swilling@sun.ac.za
Sudan
Mrs. Nadia Hassan Sidahmed
Economic Studies Department
Industrial Research & Consultancy
Centre (IRCC) Sudan
Tel: +249 911449106
Email: nadiahsh@yahoo.co.uk
SwazilandProf. Musa Dube
Senior Lecturer
Faculty of Agriculture
University of Swaziland
Luyengo Campus
P. O. Luyengo, Swaziland
Email: madube@uniswa.sz
Tanzania
Dr. Hassan Mshinda
Director General
Tanzania Commission for Scienceand Technology

29

P.O. Box 4302,
Dar-es-Salaam Tanzania.
Email: hmshinda@costech.or.tz
United Kingdom
Mrs. Martha Ada Ugwu
National Coordinator
59 Highgrove Road
Walderslade, Chatham
Kent, ME5 7SF, UK
Tel: +4401634310389/07985476289
Email: Martha.ugwu@yahoo.co.uk
or Martha@ugwu.fsworld.co.uk
UgandaEng. John Okuonzi
National Coordinator
Kyambogo University
Faculty of Engineering, Department ofElectrical and Electronic Engineering,
P.O. Box 1, Kyambogo, kampala, uganda
Tel: +256 782 353034
Email: jokuonzi@kyu.ac.ug or
okuonzijohnie@yahoo.com
United States of America.
Dr. Anthony C Ikeme
National Coordinator
President & CEO
Clintriad Pharma Services
102 Pickering Way, Suite 200
Exton, PA 19341
Tel: 484.753.3405
Cell: 215.380.9920
Fax: 610.384.5455
Email: aikeme@clintriad.com
ZambiaMs Lilian ZULU
Coordinator, Centre for Energy
Environment and Engineering Zambia(CEEEZ) Ltd, 176 Parirenyatwa Road
Suite B. Fairview, P/B E721
Lusaka, Zambia
Tel/Fax: +260 211 223118
Email: ceeez@zamnet.zm or
lmunyeka@yahoo.com
Zimbabwe
Mr. Benson Zwizwai
Economics Department, Universityof Zimbabwe
P. O. Box 880 Harare, Zimbabwe
Tel: +263 772494902
Fax: +263 4 333345
Cell: +263 912245614
Email: bmutzwizwai@yahoo.com

African Technology Policy Studies Network (ATPS)
8th Floor, Chancery Building, Valley Road
P.O. Box 10081-00100, Nairobi, Kenya
Tel: +254 20271 4092; Fax: +254 20 2714028
Email: info@atpsnet.org
Url: http://www.atpsnet.org
Skype: ATPS Network

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