Asia Oceania Group on Earth Observations- Networking networks Hiroyuki Muraoka

Professor, Gifu University, JapanChair, ILTER East Asia and Pacific regional network
Technical Advisor, MEXT - Japan
Coordination Board, AOGEO
Programme Board, GEO

11th APBON Workshop / 26-28 June 2019 / Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia

“Takayama” site (Gifu University & AIST, Japan)

TKY (Deciduous broadleaf) 1993~
Betula, Quercus, Magnolia, Acer,

Forest CO2 flux

CO2 flux

Tree phenology
Canopy spectral property
In-situ remote sensing

Physiology

TKC (Evergreen coniferous) 2005~ Canopy leaf photosynthesis
Cryptomeria, Chamaecypris

Canopy access

Biomass

Soil Carbon

International Long-Term Ecological Research Network
Participating
Organization of GEO

44 member networks
Mirtl et al. (2018) STOTENILTER-EAP

East Asia and Pacificregional network

8 membernetworks

Kim et al. (2018) Ecol Res

Vietnam is preparing to join.

Group on Earth Observations(GEO)
GEO Vision
To realize a future wherein
decisions and actions,for the benefit of humankind,
are informed by coordinated,comprehensive & sustained
Earth observations & information.

Member states（105）Participating Organizations（127）Global Earth Observation System of Systems(GEOSS)Asia Oceania Group on Earth Observations(AOGEO)
Asia-Oceania region

Complex geographic characteristics
Large population (60% of the world)
Climate change drasticallyNatural disasters occur frequently
Unbalanced socioeconomic development
Deteriorating ecosystems

Asia-Oceania GEOSS Initiative (2017-2019 GWP)

A regional cooperation program on Earth observation with broad involvement
Strengthen comprehensive ability of Earth observation and applications forsustainable development at regional level.

Development of Earth Observations,
Community of Practice,
Capacity Building and Engagementin Asia Oceania region
2005-2015
GEOSS Asia Pacific Symposium

1st GEOSS-AP Symposium (Jan 2007, Tokyo)
2nd GEOSS-AP Symposium (Apr 2008, Tokyo)
3rd GEOSS-AP Symposium (Feb 2009, Kyoto)
2016-2025
4th GEOSS-AP Symposium (Mar 2010, Bali)
5th GEOSS-AP Symposium (Apr 2012, Tokyo)
6th GEOSS-AP Symposium (Feb 2013, Ahmedabad)
7th GEOSS-AP Symposium (May 2014, Tokyo)
8th GEOSS-AP Symposium (Sep 2015, Beijing)
9th GEOSS-AP Symposium (Jan 2017, Tokyo)
10th GEOSS-AP Symposium (Sep 2017, Hanoi)
11th GEOSS-AP Symposium (Oct 2018, Kyoto)
12th AOGEO Symposium (Nov 2019, Canberra)

AOGEOSS Workshop

1st AOGEOSS Workshop (May 2018, Deqing)
2nd AOGEOSS Workshop (Apr 2019, Jakarta)

GEOSS-AP Symposia

Asia Oceania GEO (2020-2022)
AOGEO will engage regional stakeholders, including
national agencies and regional intergovernmentalorganizations, in global GEO activities and coordinate
implementation of GEO activities within the AO region.

1.
2.

3.
4.

5.

AOGEO will also:
identify regional needs for EO applications andconveying these to global GEO activities;
facilitate regionally coordinated EO activities andutilize available infrastructure, resources and capacity
to develop integrated and sustained observations in
the AO region;
provide a platform for regional countries to advancedata sharing and services;
promote dialogue, communications and cooperation
among the AOGEO Members and other participants, aswell as with other Regional GEOs; andsupport sound decision-making at local, national andregional scales by making maximum use of EO dataand information.

TG1: GEOSS Asian Water Cycle Initiative (AWCI)
Platform on Water Resilience and DisastersTransdisciplinary

3. Societal
BenefitCreation

Community ofPractice

Policy-making

futureInterdisciplinary

2. ModelDevelopment

present
Societal Change(land use , population)

pastMonitoring
Identification

Integrated Risk Assessment
1. DataArchiving

DamageHazardSocio-Economic

International Cooperation

Capacity Building

Prediction

Climate ChangeTG2: Asia Pacific Biodiversity Observation Network (AP-BON)

10

TG3: The GEO Carbon and GHG Initiative (GEO-C)

TG4: Ocean, Coasts and Islands
GEOSS-AP Ocean Data Networking System

12

TG 5: Agriculture and Food Security – Asia-RiCE

Market Monitor is published by FAO.AMIS on
monthly basis to assess international agricultural
market situation and outlook of wheat, maize,
rice, and soybeans.

http://www.asia-rice.org

Asia-RiCE (Asia Rice Crop Estimation & Monitoring) program led by JAXA with CNES and more than 20 Asian Space agencies and Ministries ofAgriculture with International organization such as ASEAN/AFSIS, UN/FAO, IRRI from 2013 to enhance rice production estimates through theuse of Earth observation satellites data (POC: Sobue.shinichi@jaxa.jp, ohyoshi.kei@jaxa.jp, Thuy.letoan@cesbio.cnes.fr)
IDTarget Agricultural Products

Requirements of EO data for operational use

P1

Rice Crop Area
Estimates/Maps

Wall-to-wall observation with SAR dual polarization with Opticals (week –bi-weekly - monthly) : Indonesia, Vietnam/Cambodia and Thailand/Laoprojects

P2

Crop Calendars/Crop GrowthStatus

Mid/coarse resolution opitcal frequent observation (MODIS, GCOM-C,Landasat, Sentinel-2, etc.) with SARs weekly

P3

Crop Damage Assessment

Very High resolution SAR and Optical timely under international disasater
charter, Sentinel Asia, etc.

P4Agro-meteorologicalInformation ProductsDaily Mid/coarse resolution optical, passive microwaver and PR withgeostatinary met sat frequent observation (MODIS, Sentinel, GCOM-C/W,GPM, Himawari, etc.)

P5Production Estimation andForecasting

Data fusion, data integration with ground base observation / statisticalinformation and crop models

GEOGLAM wasendorsed by the G20
Summit, aims toenhance regionaland global
agricultural
production estimates
through the use ofEarth observations

Plant Age(days)

Vietnam Data Cube starting from GEOSS-AP(Hanoi, September 2017) by VNSC/VAST

Time series rice crop growth monitoring for top 10 Indonesia
main rice regions by ALOS-2 with MOA

Rice crop monthly outlook using agro-met
information and agriculture expert knowledge

Key Joint Activities in 2017-2019
Meetings and Capacity building
9th, 10th, 11th GEOSS Asia PacificSymposium
1st and 2nd AOGEOSS Workshop
Pilot case studies
Mekong River Basin
Himalayas
Pacific islands

Mapping analysis onEngagement Priorities

11th GEOSS-AP Symposium (Oct 2018, Kyoto)

2nd AOGEO Workshop(Apr 2019, Jakarta)

Mapping APBON contribution to SDGs and Paris Agreement on Climate Change(11th GEOSS-AP symposium, October 2019, Kyoto, Japan)

Diagram:© Paris Agreement subgroup
GEO Programme BoardMapping APBON contribution to SDGs and Paris Agreement on Climate Change(11th GEOSS-AP symposium, October 2019, Kyoto, Japan)

What are the actual delivery (or contribution) to thesegoals?
Opportunities of cross-disciplinary activities in Asia andOceania region?
How do we proceed/promote at local and regional
scales, and then share with other regions?
Diagram:© Paris Agreement subgroup
GEO Programme BoardAOGEO
Integrated
PriorityStudies

Map: AOGEO
Coordination BoardAOGEO Integrated Priority Studies
Thematic areas
Water resources and management
Disaster resilience
Biodiversity and ecosystems
Food security… and their interactions
Methodology
Field observation• survey• sensors
Satellite observations
Models

The ideas will be shared withAOGEO at 12th AOGEO Symposium(2-4th November 2019, Canberra)

Please put any keywords/existing information ofproducts etc. on this table (or any other styles)
which might be helpful to discuss andcommunicate with AOGEO
Terrestrial

Mekong River
Basin• Dam and fish
species diversity

Pacific islands

Himalayas

Fresh water• Plant and animalbiodiversity
hotspots

Marineand coasts

Collaborations of communities
for shared objectives

Moss et al. (2010) Nature

Muraoka et al. 2012

Your ideas, participation andcollaborations are welcome.
Hiroyuki Muraoka(muraoka@green.gifu-u.ac.jp)
Coordination Board, Asia Oceania GEO
https://aogeoss.org/en/

Climate observations and biodiversity & ecosystem observations
GCOS (Global Climate Observing System)

Ecosystem functions

Essential Climate Variables

Ecosystem integrity
Ecosystem
Integrity

Ocean

Essential Biodiversity Variables
Essential Biodiversity Variables

Ecosystem structure

TerrestrialEnergybudget

Ecosystem processes

Atmosphere

GEO BON

Matterbudget
Ecosystemfunction

Waterbudget

Haase et al. (2018) STOTEN

ILTER - East Asia and Pacific regional network
TopicsBiodiversity
Carbon cycle
Nutrient cycle
Ecohydrology…etc.
ILTER Initiatives
N Initiative
Tea Composition…etc.

150 sitesKey Thematic Activities in 2017-2019 : Task Groups
AOGEO Task Groups

Global programs

Asian Water Cycle Initiative (AWCI) GEOGLOWS
Asia Pacific Biodiversity
Observation Network (APBON)GEO BONGEO Carbon and GHG Initiative(GEO-C)

GEO-C

Ocean, Coasts and Islands (OCI)Blue Planet

Asia Rice Crop Estimation &Monitoring (Asia-RiCE)GEOGLAM

Environmental Monitoring andAssessment
Disaster Resilience

GEO-DARMA

Himalayan GEOSSGEO-GNOME

DIAS

GCI

ODC

GCI

Coordinated observations/experiments/analyses forinterdisciplinary research, outreach and development.
ILTER-EAP sites

https://deims.org/map/

AP BON sites

AsiaFlux and OzFlux sites

Concerted, operational biodiversity and ecosystemobservations

Research sites
Multiple observations
Integration

Manual fieldsurveySensor
networks

Satellite
imagery
Ecosystem
modelsClimate change
Observing and predicting Ecosystem
structure and functions for sustainability
Biodiversity

Ecosystem functions

Muraoka et al. 2012

Biodiversity and ecosystems are the basisof our environment

Tackling cross-cutting issues by networking
Moss et al. (2010) Nature(Azote Images for Stockholm Resilience Centre)
http://www.stockholmresilience.org/research/researc
h-news/2017-02-28-contributions-to-agenda2030.html

Societal Benefit Areas
Biodiversity andEcosystem
Sustainability

Disasterresilience

Energy and Mineral
Resources
Management

Climate cuts acrossthere areas

Food Security andSustainable
Agriculture
Infrastructure
and Transport
Management

Water
Resources
Management

Public Health
Surveillance
Sustainable
UrbanDevelopment

Aichi Targetsand SDGs

Our interests and approach
What are the hypotheses for long-term research under conditions ofincreasing atmospheric CO2, climate change and societal change?
How do we develop our research to tackle those hypotheses?
What are the gaps and challenges of cross-scale and multidisciplinary approach?
Short term

Gas exchange
Ecosystem
Biodiversity

Climate extremes
Disturbance
Photosynthesis
Respiration
Physiology
Morphogenesis

Atmospheric CO2
Climate change

Changes

C allocation Plant
reproduction

Plant growth
C sequestration

Phenology

Long termSuccession(plant species, soilmicrobes)

Satellite observations
Model simulations
Open-field experiments
Trace gas measurements
Ecological process obs.

What and how do we deliver our scientific findings to the broad Earth Observation
community, and contribute to sound decision making?

Phenology of leaf and canopy photosynthesis(Muraoka et al. 2010, J. Plant Res)

Future prediction (warming exp. and model)(Muraoka, unpublished)

LAIREGPP

NEP(Kuribayashi et al. 2016, Int. J. Biometeorology)

Forest canopy obs. by in-situ
and satellite RS

ILTER site network & data
DEIMS: Dynamic Ecological Information Management System

https://data.lter-europe.net/deims/

Connecting observations
by linking networks

Muraoka et al. (2012)
Yamano et al. (2014)