SENDAI
Towards a Disaster-Resilient andEnvironmentally-Friendly City

Disaster-Resilient and Environmentally-Friendly City

Aiming to Make Sendai a ‘Disaster-Resilientand Environmentally-Friendly City’
Having experienced the Great East Japan Earthquake, we once again
realized that cities are exposed to a variety of disaster threats. Basedon the lessons learned from this disaster, Sendai City is proceeding tobuild a ‘Disaster-Resilient and Environmentally-Friendly City,’ which will
be prepared for threats from future disasters and climate change.

Urban Development

With the affluent environment of Sendai, the City of Trees, as our base,
we are promoting ‘urban development’ by improving the resilience ofinfrastructure and energy supplies as well as promoting ‘human capacity
building’ that will help support disaster prevention activities in local
communities. We focus on ‘mainstreaming disaster risk reduction’,
while incorporating both this and environmental considerations into
every policy, and maintaining a high level of security and safety in the
lives of our residents and in our economic activities, in addition tomaintaining the city’s comfortable living environment.

Human Capacity Building

While passing on our experiences and lessons learned from the Great
East Japan Earthquake to future generations and nurturing our residents’disaster risk reduction culture, we will continue to share informationon our various efforts. We will communicate efforts carried out by
local communities, NPOs, businesses and research institutions bymaking use of the domestic and international networks that werecreated through hosting the Third United Nations World Conference
on Disaster Risk Reduction in Sendai in March 2015.

Disaster resil
Resilience
Recovery cap

Experiences and lessons
learned from post-disasterrecoveryDisaster-Re
and Environme
Friendly Citya secure fu

History of building Sendai
as an environmental city the City of Trees

Low carbon

Global environment

Sharing information throughout
Japan and the world

Contributing to the world’s disaster prevention

Sending Out Information and Establishing a City Brand

We will focus on contributing to the world’s disaster risk reduction culture
and establishing a city brand for a comfortable living environment anda high level of disaster preparedness.
Outline of the Great East Japan Earthquake and the Damage Sustained
On March 11, 2011, Sendai City was struck by a tremendous earthquake of magnitudeof 9.0 that occurred off the Sanriku coast of northern Japan. The earthquake recorded
a maximum of 6 upper (on the Japan Meteorological Agency seismic intensity scale)in Sendai. The tsunami devastated the coastal areas of eastern Sendai. The city’s hilly
northwestern areas and their surroundings suffered significant landslides thatdamaged residential areas.
On the other hand, central Sendai did not suffer major damage such as that from thecollapse of buildings or widespread fires; however, within the total municipal area,
about 140,000 houses were either severely or partially damaged, or totally collapsed.
The disaster led us to face re-emerging challenges specific to urban areas, which
include the operation of the evacuation centers where, at its peak, more than 100,000
people accounting for 10% of the city population stayed after the earthquake, providing
short-term accommodation for stranded commuters who could not return home after
the disaster, and responding to the needs of the elderly and people with disabilities.
Casualties: 904 deceased, 27 missing, 2,275 injured (as of March 1, 2017)
Damage to buildings : 30,034 totally destroyed, 27,016 severely damaged,
82,593 partially damaged, 116,046 minor damage (as of September 22, 2013)
Tsunami flooding : 8,110 households affected (including 1,160 farming households)

02

5 km

Damage to residential areas：5,728 lots

Sendai Station

Severely damaged residential areas

silient
ntallyfor
ture

Disaster prevention andenvironment-focused urban
development

Ease oflivingLiving environment
Natural environment
Urban environment•Developing resilient infrastructure•A city with self-sustaining energy•Building a low carbon city

Disaster prevention andenvironment-focused ‘humancapacity building’•Educating people on disaster prevention•Improving community resilience•Disaster recovery memorial

Promotion of exchange activities andeconomic investments

culture and establishing a city brand

The main conference of the WCDRR was
attended by over 6,500 participants, including
25 heads of state, over 100 ministerial-level
delegates and the Secretary-General of theUnited Nations, representing government
delegations from 185 countries, 49intergovernmental organizations, 188
non-governmental organizations, and 38
international organizations. The public forum
events, such as symposiums and exhibitions,were attended by a total of over 150,000
participants. The WCDRR in Sendai was oneof the largest international conferences heldby the United Nations in Japan.
Other events were held including study toursof the disaster-affected areas, excursions andre c e p t i o n s i n c o o p e r a t i o n w i t h t h e s i x
prefectures of the Tohoku Region.

Sendai Tobu Road acted as an embankment

10km

Disaster-Resilient and Environmentally-Friendly CityIn May 2011, two months after the disaster,Sendai City announced their hope to host theUnited Nations World Conference on Disaster
Risk Reduction to convey their experiencesof the disaster and the recovery of thedisaster-affected areas. In December 2013,
the United Nations General Assembly passed
a resolution to hold the conference in Sendai,
and it was held from 14 to 18 March 2015.

Urban Development

acity

The Third United Nations World Conference on Disaster Risk Reduction (WCDRR)

Visitors at the Tohoku Reconstruction and
DRR Pavilion (Sendai Mediatheque)Human Capacity BuildingienceStudy tour (Soma City, Fukushima Prefecture)

Closing ceremony (Sendai International Center)

Sending Out Information and Establishing a City Brand

Disaster recovery efforts•Restoring the livelihood of people
affected by the disaster• Multiple defenses against tsunamis•Agricultural rehabilitation and green
regeneration

The Sendai Framework for Disaster Risk Reduction 2015 -2030
The Sendai Framework is the outcome document of the WCDRR and a successor to
the Hyogo Framework for Action 2005-2015 that was adopted at the Second United
Nations World Conference on Disaster Risk Reduction held in Hyogo Prefecture in 2005.
Many countries have started to implement measures for disaster risk reduction based on
the Sendai Framework for Disaster Risk Reduction, an international guideline up to 2030.
As the city where this framework was adopted, we are improving tangibles such as
essential utilities and other infrastructure as well as promoting disaster risk reduction on
the community level where a variety of residents, including children, elderly people,
women and those with disabilities, play a main role in the efforts.

Flooded area: 4,523 ha
Flooded area

Features of the Sendai Framework① Global targets such as reducing the mortality rate from global disasters were agreed
upon for the first time
② New ideas, such as mainstreaming disaster prevention, pre-disaster investment to be
used in measures for disaster prevention and disaster risk reduction, and theconcept of ‘Build Back Better’ were presented③ Emphasis on roles of various relevant stakeholders (refer to page 12), including
women, children and the private sector to take a preventive approach to prevent
disaster and reduce disaster risk

03

Sendai – Disaster-Resilient and Environmentally-Friendly City

Urban Development Resilient Urban Infrastructure Planning with a Vision for the Future

Addressing ‘Build Back Better’ in
Urban Infrastructure that Supports Everyday Life

Disaster-Resilient and Environmentally-Friendly City

Sendai City is implementing disaster risk reduction measures for a variety ofurban utility systems, both in terms of knowledge and know-how, and interms of equipment and facilities. These projects include restoration of thewastewater treatment facilities that suffered damage from the Great East
Japan Earthquake and providing support for improving the earthquake
resilience of houses and apartment buildings.
In addition, along with making urban utilities resilient, we are promoting
programs for energy-saving measures and the wider use of renewable energy.
From both the aspects of disaster risk reduction and environment protection,
we aim to contribute to advancing the establishment of a sustainable society.

1

Human Capacity Building

Urban Development

Before the disaster, the Minami-Gamo Wastewater
Treatment Plant had been treating about 70% of
Sendai’s sewage. On March 11, 2011, a tsunami ofover 10 meters in height hit the plant and caused
catastrophic damage with building structures broken,
its machinery and electrical facilities submerged or
swept away, and transmission towers collapsed,
resulting in the shutdown of sewage treatment functions.
It was imperative to restore the plant promptly, since it
was indispensable to the everyday lives of the residents
in Sendai. Along with removing debris from the tsunami
and restoring the facilities and equipment at the plant,
we held discussions on how to implement quick
recovery. In September 2011, a restoration policy wasdecided to restore the plant with better functions than it
had previously. It took one year to complete the designof a new plant. The plant was constructed in aroundthree years while successfully reducing construction
time from the average of ten years that are usuallyrequired to complete such projects.

Efforts to improve earthquake resilience

Sending Out Information and Establishing a City Brand

Pacific Ocean

Restoration of Minami-GamoWastewater Treatment Plant● Improving the earthquake resilience of sewage
pipelines in the combined sewer system area.
● Construction of the Third Minami-Gamo Main Line● Improving the earthquake resilience of wastewater
treatment plants and pumping stations
Sewage pipeline

Small-scale hydroelectric
power generation system

Final sedimentation tankMinami-Gamo Wastewater Treatment Plant flooded
by the tsunami on March 11, 2011

A new plant with energy saving features and low environmental impact
The primary and final sedimentation tanks
are a two-tray system and the compact
reactor tanks are installed underground.
The plant is elevated to handle tsunamisof Tokyo Peil* (T. P.) plus 10.4 meters inheight and the building doors arewater-tight so that the plant is able toresist a tsunami the size of the one that
hit Sendai after the Great East Japan
Earthquake.
In the event of a blackout, a wastewater
treatment and discharge line is secured toallow the minimum treatment anddischarging of wastewater without using a
pump. A solar power generation system
has been installed, as well as a small
Inquirieshydroelectric power generation system toreduce dependence on commercial power
supply.
An approach of ‘Build Back Better’ isbrought to the Sendai Framework. With
this approach, recovery from the disasterdoes not simply involve rebuilding thedamaged facilities and equipment topre-disaster standards, but includes bothrestoration and improvements to them tocope with future disasters.
The Minami-Gamo Wastewater Treatment
Plant has been reconstructed based on
this approach.
*Tokyo Peil (T. P.) refers to the average sea level of Tokyo Bay,

which sets the standard for sea level height in Japan.

Minami-Gamo Wastewater Treatment Plant, Construction Bureau kos011170@city.sendai.jp

in Earthquake Resilience of2 Improvements
Underground Sewage Facilities
Pre-improvement

Post-improvement

04

With the aging and deterioration of thesewer facilities, road collapses haveoccurred due to faulty sewage pipes in
addition to equipment failures occurring at
wastewater treatment plants andpumping stations. The total length of the
sewage pipelines in Sendai are 4,684km,
and about 200km of the pipeline has
exceeded its service life, and such cases
are expected to increase in the future.
Inquiries

Improving the earthquake resilience of the
sewage pipeline is an effective way todelay deterioration due to aging. Also,
improving the earthquake resilience of thewastewater treatment plants and pumping
stations together with their renewal,
contributes to reducing costs. In this way,scheduled improvements to theearthquake resilience of facilities havebeen progressing.

Sewerage Planning Section, Construction Bureau ges011210@city.sendai.jp

Business
3 Sewerage
Continuity Plan

Disaster-Resilient and Environmentally-Friendly City

This business continuity plan consists of two parts,
namely ‘Earthquakes and Tsunamis’ and ‘Heavy
Rainstorms.’ The plan was formulated to mitigate thedamage and recover quickly from such disasters. It
predetermines responses and actions that staff members
should take when a disaster occurs.
When the 2011 disaster occurred, quick initial responses
were available. This was due to the fact that the sewage
disaster response manual had been created in FY 2006
and development of a sewerage business continuity plan
began in 2010.
Inquiries
Sewerage and Pipeline Coordination
Section, Construction Bureau ges 011120@city.sendai.jp

Management of
4 AssetSewerage BusinessSolar power generation panels

Pump and blower building

Reactor tanks

Primary sedimentation tank

Setting tank building

What is asset management?
Asset management is the process of planning, managing
and implementing construction and maintenance
operations to gain the maximum effect from assets(facilities) that are owned by organizations. When creating
this scheme, an understanding of the present status ofservice and an estimate of potential operational risks are
required. This is then followed by determining thestandards for establishing the target objective andpriorities of operations. The final step is implementation ofcontinued improvements.

Urban Development

Minami-Gamo Wastewater Treatment Plant after restoration

Japan’s first ISO 55001 asset management system certification
important projects and estimate cost overthe long term. By doing this we run
projects steadily and efficiently, and ensure
the safety of the facilities.
Investigations so far indicate that sewage
pipes can be used for about 1.5 times theirstandard service life and sewage facilities
for about 1.5-2 times theirs. We predictthat reducing the number of renewals willlead to a reduction in costs. Immediately
a f t e r t h e d i s a s t e r, w e w e re a b l e t oefficiently survey the damage using theasset management system.

Human Capacity Building

Layout of the Wastewater Treatment Plant

The pipeline division of Sendai City’s
sewerage department received Japan’s
first international standard ISO 55001 AssetManagement System Certification in FY 2013.
Improvement of most of the sewage
facilities in Sendai had been completed by
FY 2008. In future, it will be necessary to
promote measures against disasters suchas earthquakes and inundation in addition
to facility maintenance and renovation. In
spite of limitations to budgets andpersonnel resources, by utilizing asset
management we prioritize the mostConveying experiences and lessons learned to the world

Inquiries

world through technical cooperation with
the City of Izmir in Turkey and to Latin
American countries by accepting trainees
and implementing other programs relating
to disaster risk reduction and asset
management.

Business Planning Section, Construction Bureau ken010020@city.sendai.jp

Improvements in the Earthquake Resilience of Wooden
Houses and Apartment Buildings

Improvements in the disaster
preparedness of apartment buildings

At the time of the Great Hanshin
Earthquake in 1995, wooden houses
built before the earthquake resilient
building codes were introduced in 1981
were seriously damaged and many
people were killed as a result. Learningfrom this disaster, Sendai City has been
improving the earthquake resilience ofcity-owned buildings (about 99%
completed as of the end of 2016), as

In 2013, Sendai City set up a ‘Certification
program for apartment buildings withimproved disaster preparedness in
Sendai - t he C i t y o f Tr e e s.’ The Cit y
also formulated ‘Guidelines for creating adisaster preparedness manual forapartment buildings,’ which is used as
reference when a apartment building
association of owners make rules fordisaster preparedness and prevention.

Inquiries

Sending Out Information and Establishing a City Brand

Technical cooperation with the City of Izmir in Turkey

With the cooperation of the Ministry ofLand, Infrastructure, Transport andTourism and the Japan International
Cooperation Agency (JICA), Sendai City isconveying valuable experiences andlessons learned from the disaster to thewell as subsidizing the fee forearthquake resilience inspection andthe renovation of wooden houses andapartment buildings. In addition, the Cityis providing advice based on the resultsof the inspection.
This program has improved theearthquake resilience of 2,206 wooden
houses and two apartment buildings in
total over 13 years from 2004 to 2016.

‘Apartment Building
with Improved Disaster
Preparedness in Sendai the City of Trees’ Certificate

Improvements in the earthquake resilience of wooden houses: Construction Guidance Section, Urban Planning Bureau tos009420@city.sendai.jp
Improvements in the earthquake resilience and disaster preparedness of apartment buildings: Housing Policies Section, Urban Planning Bureau tos009430@city.sendai.jp

05Sendai – Disaster-Resilient and Environmentally-Friendly City

Urban Development Safety Measures for the Eastern Coastal Areas

Multiple Defenses to Minimize
Tsunami Damage

Disaster-Resilient and Environmentally-Friendly City

Sendai City suffered tremendous damage from the tsunami during the Great East Japan Earthquake.
Based on our experiences, we are making efforts to support the recovery of the eastern coastal areas from thetsunami damage and build more resilient communities.
To achieve this goal, we are developing measures to ensure safety and security in case of a ‘once-in-severalhundred-years’ tsunami by combining three approaches.
Said approaches involve creating multiple defenses at a number of facilities to prevent tsunami damage,evacuation from a tsunami, and the relocation of residents to safer areas.

1 Elevated Road

Urban Development

Construction to elevate a prefectural roadrunning approximately 10km north-south
through the coastal areas is progressing onschedule with completion expected by theend of FY 2018. The road will be elevated by
6m using, in part, tsunami sand and mud
deposits, and debris from the earthquake
and tsunami disaster. In this way, if a tsunami
as devastating as that which occurred
during the Great East Japan Earthquake
were to occur, the elevated road would act
as a coastal levee together with the coastal
disaster prevention forests to considerably
mitigate flood damage.

Cross-section view(conceptual image)

Defense against a tsunami of the largest scale

Inland relocation

Residential area
SendaiTobu Road

Evacuation facilities

Evacuation road

Defense against a tsunami that occurs once every few decades
to once every hundred years or more

Evacuation hills
Coastal disaster prevention forest

Shiogama-Watari
Prefectural Road

Elevated road

Coastal leveeParks (hills)

Beach
Sea

Teizan canal

Bird’s-eye view map

Human Capacity Building

Na
na
kit
aR
ive
r
Inquiries
Southern Road Construction
Section, Construction Bureau ken010180@city.sendai.jp

Tozai Subway Line

2 Coastal Levee

Di
sa
ste
r

Arahama Area

Sh
iog
am
a-W
ata
ri P
ref
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Ro
ad

Sen
dai
Tob
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oad

Sending Out Information and Establishing a City Brand

Natori River

Ris
kA
rea

Gamo Area

First, to prepare for a tsunami that may occur
frequently (once every several decades toonce every hundred years or so), welaunched a project to construct a coastal
levee of about 9km in length and a height ofT. P. plus 7.2m, jointly with the national
government and the Miyagi Prefectural
government. The levee was completed in
March 2017. The levee is designed so that, inthe event of a tsunami that exceeds our
expectations, the breakdown or collapse timeof the levee can be extended or the
possibility of its total collapse can be reduced.

Ido Area

Fujizuka Area

Coastal levee, river levee, etc.

Inquiries
Agricultural Administration Planning
Section, Economic Affairs Bureau kei008110@city.sendai.jp

06

Coastal disaster prevention forest
Evacuation roads

Elevated road

Evacuation hills

Disaster risk area (Inland relocation)

Disaster prevention collective relocation movements

Photo taken in May 2017

Evacuation facilities

Inland relocated residential area
Tobu Road evacuation stairs

Coastal Disaster

Inquiries
Park Management Section,
Construction Bureau ken010220@city.sendai.jp

Evacuation hill (Fujitsuka area)

Evacuation hill (upper) and Kaigan Park (lower) (Arahama area)

4 Evacuation Roads
Construction of the three main roads on theevacuation route from the elevated road to
the Sendai Tobu Road will be completed
by the end of FY 2018, allowing people
and cars to smoothly evacuate from a
Inquiries

tsunami. Other city roads will be improved
to function as evacuation routes by
installing evacuation guide signposts,
partially widening roads at crossing points,
and implementing other measures.

Urban Development

We are rebuilding coastal disaster prevention
forests and improving Kaigan Park to restore thenatural environment and landscape around thecoastal areas, in addition to revitalizing the coastal
areas to make them new and attractive spots forsocial interactions.
The development of Kaigan Park includes
construction of various sections, with the Gamodevelopment area as a ‘sports zone’ , the Arahama
development area as a ‘recreation zone’ , the Ido
development area as a ‘play zone’, and the Fujitsuka
development area as a ‘nature zone’.
A hill 10-15m in height designed for temporary
evacuation has been built in each of these zones,
allowing for the evacuation of nearby residents andvisitors up to the hills when a tsunami strikes. In FY
2016, the Fujitsuka development area of Kaigan
Park, was completely opened, and the Gamo andArahama development areas in July 2017. The Ido
development area is undergoing improvements
toward its scheduled opening in FY 2018.

Disaster-Resilient and Environmentally-Friendly City

Forest3 Prevention
and Evacuation Hills

Southern Road Construction Section, Construction Bureau ken010180@city.sendai.jp

5 Evacuation Facilities

Easy-to-use structures andemergency supplies for evacuees

With the lessons learned from the Great
East Japan Earthquake, we are offeringvarious emergency services that include
preparing indoor spaces to protect

Outdoor tsunami
evacuation stairs at
Okada Elementary School

Sendai Tobu Road evacuation stairs

Inquiries

Human Capacity Building

evacuees from cold weather andhypothermia as well as installing slopes forwheelchairs and strollers to provide easy
access for the elderly and those withwalking disabilities. We have stockpiled
electric generators, blankets, water,
foodstuffs, portable toilets, etc. with the
expectation that evacuees would stay atthe evacuation centers for around 24 hours.

Cooperation with the private sector

Sendai City has concluded an “Agreement
for use of temporary tsunami evacuation
shelters” with the private sector. East
Nippon Expressway Company Limited
constructed evacuation stairs at fivelocations that provide access to Sendai
Tobu Road.

Sending Out Information and Establishing a City Brand

Tsunami evacuation tower at Nakano 5-chome

In areas which may experience flooding
from a tsunami, we constructed a total of
13 evacuation facilities, including six
towers, five buildings with fire corps’
stations, and two sets of outdoor tsunami
evacuation stairs for existing elementaryand junior high schools. The evacuation
tower in Nakano 5-chome is a two-story
steel-framed structure that stands over 6m
above the ground, allowing 300 people toevacuate at any given time.

Disaster Prevention Planning Section, Crisis Management Department kks000120@city.sendai.jp

Inland Relocation(Disaster Prevention Collective Relocation Promotion Project)
In addition to constructing or improving
a variety of facilities to prevent damage
from tsunamis, we implemented arelocation promotion project for 1,540
households to move from thedesignated disaster risk areas wheretsunamis are expected to flood theInquiries

land up to a height of 2m.
Sendai City is promoting effective
utilization of land purchased fromresidents who moved out to relocatedsites in order to create new value andattractiveness for the land.

Rokugo area

Near the Tago-nishi area

Post-disaster Reconstruction and City Planning Section, Urban Planning Bureau tos009140@city.sendai.jp

07

Sendai – Disaster-Resilient and Environmentally-Friendly City

Urban Development City Development Planning to Address Self-Sustaining Energy

Aiming to Produce Energy Locally for
Local Consumption

Disaster-Resilient and Environmentally-Friendly City

Conventional large, centralized energy systems were shown to be vulnerable during the Great East
Japan Earthquake.
Sendai City is actively creating a base for disaster-resistant, energy-efficient decentralized energy
sources and introducing renewable energy sources, as well as promoting cutting-edge research anddevelopment of next-generation energy sources with low environmental impact.

1 Disaster Prevention Solar Energy System

Conceptual image of the system

Introduction of the system to designated refuge areas

Urban Development

Immediately after the disaster, electricity,
gas and gasoline supplies weresuspended, causing various problems
during the initial disaster response such as
the operation of evacuation centers.
By the end of FY 2017, based on our
experiences of the disaster, we will haveintroduced a solar power generation
system combined with a storage battery
to 196 facilities, including elementary andjunior high school buildings, which areused as designated refuge areas during adisaster. With this system, a stand-alone
power supply is secured when a disasteroccurs while reducing CO2 emissions inregular circumstances.
During power outages, electricity issupplied from the system during the day
and from the storage battery during thenight. This allows operation of information
communications equipment such as
disaster prevention radios and televisions
as well as lamps.

Light

Wireless emergency
radio

Storagebattery
Power outlet

Gymnasium
Solar panel

System features

Night-time

Daytime
Human Capacity Building

Television

Regularcircumstances

Electricity generated by solar power is suppliedand contributes to the reduction of CO2 emissions.

When the storage battery is in a state ofdischarge, it is charged overnight.

During power
outages

Electricity generated by solar power is supplied
while concurrently storing it in a storage battery.

Electricity charged during the day is supplied.

School building

Storage battery with a longer use-life Conceptual image of storage battery control

Sending Out Information and Establishing a City Brand

There was concer n that, due to thefeatures of the storage battery, its use-life
would be shortened by keeping it fully
charged for a long period of time inpreparation for power outages.
To address this problem, we intend to
make the storage battery use-life longer
by paying close attention to control
battery operation as well as shaving peak
power consumption and effectively using
solar power generation.

Electricity generated/
electricity consumed

Generated power data
Power consumption data

Data analysis and creation of
charging-discharging pattern
Charging-discharging
pattern

Data acquisition unit

Storage battery
control system

Charging-discharging
pattern

Storage battery

Introduction to private facilities
Sendai City subsidizes half of the costrequired (up to 10 million Yen) to installrenewable energy systems at private
facilities which are designated as regional
disaster response centers in the event of

a disaster in accordance with the Sendai
City Regional Disaster Prevention Plan.
S e nd a i City s u bs idized s even s u chfacilities between FY 2013 and FY 2016.

Solar panels (Asuto-Nagamachi Kobuta-no-Shiro Nursery School)08

Tago-nishi Eco Model Town

2 Eco Model Town ProjectThe ‘Eco Model Town Project’ addresses
the issue of developing a town where
necessary energy is self-produced in an
efficient manner without excessively
depending on specific energy sources.
An energy management system has been
introduced to efficiently supply electricity
generated through a variety of methods
combining solar panels, storage batteries,

1

A private business is implementing a ten-year
town management project which supplies
electricity and water* and also provides aservice to visualize the amounts of electricity
generated and consumed.
*Water supply is only in Tago-nishi

2

Even in the event of a blackout, electricity issupplied to a meeting hall for residents locatedon the premises. The meeting hall is used as aplace for residents to gather and also as ashort-term evacuation area during disasters.

Disaster-Resilient and Environmentally-Friendly City

■ Features■ Advantages for residents

and gas co-generation systems* (producing
electricity and hot water from city gas).
The system is now operating at the disasterreconstruction municipal housing units
and detached houses in the Tago-nishi area
and the disaster reconstruction municipal
housing units in the Arai-higashi area.
*The gas co-generation system is used only
in Tago-nishi.

■ Putting a model of energy-saving activity
into practice through visualization→ Reducing utility costs■ Supplying electricity to the meeting hallduring a disaster→ Securing a disaster response center■ Raising disaster prevention awarenesson the local community level→ Mutual support between membersof the local community

Urban Development

Disaster reconstruction
municipal housing‘Visualization’of electricity

Solar power
generation

Solar panels

Visualization ofelectricity
consumption leads toa rise in energy-saving
awareness.

Human Capacity Building

Visualization of electricity
consumption leads to a risein energy-saving awareness.

Stable electricity supply
through an efficient
combination of energy
sourcesCo-generation‘Visualization’of electricity

Disaster reconstruction municipal housing area
Energy centerCollective powerreceiving device

Fuel cells forresidential use

Storage battery

SolarpanelsCollecting and managing information on
the demand/supply status of each household

Detached housing area

Electricity supply (collective)

Collecting and managing informationon the demand/supply status

Electricity supply (individual)

Energy management system

Conceptual image of the Eco Model Town (Tago-nishi district)

Storage Storage

Storage battery

Meeting hallLamppost

Electricity

Communication

Sending Out Information and Establishing a City Brand

Energy Creation Research and3 Next-generation
Development Program
Subsidy program for projects promoting the creation of new energy
Sendai City subsidizes facilities that
produce/supply clean and stable energy or
those that conduct research and development
and/or conduct demonstration tests on
next-generation energy sources. The subsidy

corresponds to the amount of their fixed asset
taxes for a maximum of up to 5 years. In
addition, if five or more new, full-time
employees are employed, the subsidy isincreased by 600,000 yen per new employee.

A combined electricity and heat supply system project using wood biomass
for electricity sales and heat utilization (FY 2016 Keiwa Kogyo Corporation)

Research on a groundbreaking, next-generation energy source produced from algae
With the joint collaboration of the Universityof Tsukuba and Tohoku University, Sendai
City is promoting a research project on“algal biomass” that aims to produce
petroleum from household wastewater.
We constructed the “Sendai Minami-Gamo
Biomass Technological Development
Laboratory” and an outdoor pilot plant on
t h e p re m i s e s o f t h e M i n a m i - G a m oInquiries

Wastewater Treatment Plant, and haveconducted research on culturing algae
using wastewater and oil extraction andpurification.
In collaboration with private businesses,
Sendai City is advancing its research anddevelopment projects based on results
obtained thus far.

Outdoor algae biomass pilot plant

Disaster-Resilient and Environmentally-Friendly City Promotion Office, City Planning Policy Bureau mac001640@city.sendai.jp

09Sendai – Disaster-Resilient and Environmentally-Friendly City

Human Capacity Building

Improving Community-Driven Disaster Prevention

Tackling Community Disaster Prevention throughSelf-Help, Mutual Aid, and Public AssistanceDisaster-Resilient and Environmentally-Friendly City

Damages from disasters cannot be reduced only by tangible
measures such as the construction and improvement of facilities.
Individual residents’ preparations for disasters in their daily lives
as well as mutual support between members of the community
played an important role in reducing damage from the Great
East Japan Earthquake.
‘Self-help’ by individuals to secure safety for themselves andtheir families, ‘mutual aid’ by members of the local communities tosupport one another, and ‘public assistance’ from the government
are integrated in a coordinated way to support disaster prevention
and disaster risk reduction.

Self-Help

Individual residents willtake action to securesafety for themselves
and their families during
a disaster.

1 Sendai City Disaster Prevention Plan

Urban Development

In 2013, two years after the disaster, thisp l a n w a s re v i s e d b y i n c o r p o r a t i n g
additional policies, including ‘disaster risk
reduction’ to minimize damage from adisaster, focusing attention on the needsof people requiring assistance during adisaster, and the promotion of genderequality, into the basic policy.
To promote ‘mutual aid’ activities undertaken
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in local communities, the plan was divided
into ‘Self-help and Mutual Aid’ and ‘Public
Assistance’ to specifically envisage whatkind of activity is required for each party.
In this plan, ‘Self-help and Mutual Aid’
describes activities by individual residents
and neighborhood associations, and‘Public Assistance’ describes Sendai City
programs.

Mutual Aid

Local organizations
such as neighborhood
associations will takeaction to secure thesafety of their local
communities during adisaster.

PublicAssistanceThe government will work to
improve tangible aspects ofdisaster prevention such as
infrastructure and facilities aswell as intangible aspects suchas ‘self-help,’ ‘mutual aid.’

Disaster Prevention Planning Section, Crisis Management Department kks000120@city.sendai.jp

Human Capacity Building

2 Community Initiatives for Prior Preparations
Community-based evacuation center operation manual

Sending Out Information and Establishing a City Brand

The disaster brought to light various
p ro b l e m s i n t h e e v a c u a t i o n c e n t e r
operation system. Thus, when reviewing
the Sendai City Disaster Prevention Plan,
we created an Evacuation Center Operation
Manual based on feedback from local
residents, who participated in the operationof evacuation centers at the time of thedisaster, and from facility operators.
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Using this manual, three parties, namely,community organizations, Sendai City andfacility operators, are working together tocreate a tailored manual for each community.
Out of 193 designated refuge areas,
191 areas created their own operation
manual as of the end of August 2017, which
led to enhanced awareness of disasterprevention in each community.

Disaster Prevention Planning Section, Crisis Management Department kks000120@city.sendai.jp

Junior high school students serving hot meals

Comprehensive disaster preparedness drills to improve the capacity ofresidents and communities to deal with disasters
Sendai City aims to realize ‘disasterprevention’ with the collective strength of
its residents in order to protect their lives
f ro m l a r g e - s c a l e e a r t h q u a k e s a n dtsunamis. This is allowed by carrying out
d i s a s t e r p re v e n t i o n d r i l l s b a s e d o n‘self-help’ ‘mutual aid’ and ‘public
assistance’ in a well-balanced manner
throughout the year.
From FY 2017, as a citizen-oriented disaster
preparedness drill, Sendai City has
started conducting the Shake Out drill on‘Residents Disaster Prevention Day’ onJune 12 every year. Taking shelter under adesk at the workplace or school all at
once in the event of an earthquake is part
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10of one of the drills to help you to protect
yourself. At business establishments andat home, emergency items for disasters
are checked to see if they are in sufficient
supply. During the ‘Disaster Prevention
Week’ in early September, we carry out
disaster preparedness drills to prepare forthe possibility of stranded commuters
based on a scenario of interruption of all
public transportation.
In addition, the comprehensive disasterprevention drills in each area aim at further
improving disaster prevention capabilities
through fostering new leaders for the drills,
and members of local communities play acentral role in these efforts.

Disaster Risk Reduction Promotion Section, Crisis Management Department kks000130@city.sendai.jp

Confirmation of evacuation routes

of Sendai City Community Disaster3 Development
Preparedness Leaders

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developing new leaders and holding‘back-up’ training sessions.
*The abbreviation is for Sendai Bosai (disasterprevention) Leader

Disaster imagination training

Drill to rescue people from a collapsed building

Lecture on the basics of evacuation center operation

Disaster-Resilient and Environmentally-Friendly City

In order to improve voluntary disasterprevention organizations and the disasterprevention capacity of the entire Sendai
area, Sendai City started an independent
training program in FY 2012 to develop
Sendai City Community Disaster
Preparedness Leaders (SBL)*. About five
SBLs will take a central role in each‘Alliance of Neighborhood Associations’ inthe city. 638 participants (including 154
women) have attended the training during
the five years up to FY 2016.
In the future, we will raise the awarenessof SBL, involving more women and youth
in this program, and enhance mutual
cooperation between SBLs in addition to

Disaster Risk Reduction Promotion Section, Crisis Management Department kks000130@city.sendai.jp

4 The Local Community Helps Residents in Need

Inquiries
Social Affairs Section, Public
Health and Welfare Bureau fuk005320@city.sendai.jp

Help card

Help cardA ‘help card’ is available for people withdisabilities to make it easier for them to ask

Inquiries
Disabled Planning Section, Public
Health and Welfare Bureau fuk005330@city.sendai.jp

Welfare evacuation center

To cope with the difficulty of living indesignated refuge areas, the welfare
evacuation center is a secondary evacuation
center made available for the elderly, people
with disabilities or other people who requireassistance during a disaster.
Sendai City is developing a system torespond to the individual needs of people
requiring assistance. This is being done byincreasing the number of welfare facilities
that have agreements with the City toallow their facility to be used as welfare
evacuation centers, as well as providing
necessary materials and equipment, andemergency supplies. There were 115
welfare evacuation centers in Sendai as ofthe end of September 2017.

Urban Development

This registration system provides local
community organizations with informationon people who require assistance such asconfirmation of their safety or the need forhelp in evacuating. It allows each
community to create their own evacuation
support system. People who requireassistance during a disaster must apply
for registration. 12,283 persons wereregistered as of June 2017.

for attention or help when a disaster or
problem occurs or in an emergency.
It is the size of a business card withinformation on their emergency contacts,
names of hospitals/clinics they are
consulting with, and the support they require.
We encourage people requiring assistanceduring a disaster to use the help card andto apply for the registration system.

Human Capacity Building

Registration system for people
requiring assistance during a disaster

Inquiries
General Affairs Section, Public
Health and Welfare Bureau fuk005010@city.sendai.jp

Sendai City encourages each household
to stock a minimum of a weeks’ worth of fooditems, drinking water, and daily commodities
as well as medical supplies. We are also
stockpiling supplies for the public as partof our disaster preparedness policy.
Sendai City has stockpiled food (six meals )and drinking water ( 2L) for two days for a
maximum of 106,000 evacuees. The
City also has items used by women,elderly people, and babies and infants

such as powdered milk, disposable diapers,
and tent-style private rooms stored in
evacuation centers and ward offices. Also,
we have 101 community disaster prevention
centers with warehouses of disasterprevention materials and equipment.
Simplified disaster prevention materials
and equipment are provided for areas without
centers. When a disaster occurs, people canuse the stockpile of various types of equipment
for voluntary disaster prevention activities.

Sending Out Information and Establishing a City Brand

5 Substantial Stockpiling of Emergency Supplies

Community disaster prevention center’s warehouse

Use of emergency supplies
In 2010, Sendai City introduced a ‘runningstock system’ to stockpile goods fordisasters- the first case that this system
was introduced in an ordinancedesignated city. Under this system, thegoods that the city has purchased, such
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as disposable diapers, sanitary items, andtoilet paper are put in the distribution routeof sales companies and stored in theirwarehouses as part of emergency supplies,
and, in times of disaster, the goods aresent to evacuation centers. This system

has the advantages of saving costs andnot needing a warehouse to store goods.
Immediately after the Great East Japan
Earthquake, these stockpiled goods were
provided to each evacuation center
according to this system.

Disaster Prevention Planning Section, Crisis Management Department kks000120@city.sendai.jp

11Sendai – Disaster-Resilient and Environmentally-Friendly City

Human Capacity Building

New Disaster Risk Reduction Participants

Disaster Risk Reduction Initiatives
by Various Stakeholders*

Disaster-Resilient and Environmentally-Friendly CityTo effectively promote disaster risk reduction measures, it is necessary
for all concerned persons and agencies such as governments,
businesses, community-based organizations, and research institutes,
to actively work together. We are promoting disaster risk reduction
measures by ‘stakeholders’* that include all residents from children to
the elderly, irrespective of gender or nationality, the presence orabsence of disabilities, so that they can live in safety and security.
*Stakeholders refer to concerned parties that cover a wide range of individuals and groups such as civil society, local communities,

academic organizations, and businesses. The Sendai Framework adopted at the WCDRR, newly indicates the importance of empowering women,
youth, and having them take a leading role in disaster risk reduction.

of Sendai’s
1 Promotion
Disaster Prevention Education

Urban Development

In order to convey lessons learned fromthe Great East Japan Ear thquake tochildren in present and future generations,Sendai has striven, since soon after thedisaster, to nurture children’s capacity tothink, judge, and act in times of disaster sothat they will have the capacity to takeaction to help themselves and others.
Inquiries

Supplementary
Readers for Disaster
Prevention Education

Creating a disaster prevention map

Educational Supervision Section, Educational Bureau kyo019120@city.sendai.jp

Human Capacity Building

Workshop on Disaster Risk Reduction,
2 Sendai‘Shelters for Everyone’Sending Out Information and Establishing a City Brand

The various problems women faced in
evacuation centers at the time of thedisaster were often due to the fact thatt h e re w e re o n l y a s m a l l n u m b e r o f
women participating in the decisionm a k i n g p ro c e s s w i t h re g a rd t o t h eoperation of evacuation centers. Thus,
in collabo ration wit h resid ents, theSendai Gender Equal Opportunity
Foundation created a workshop
program called ‘Shelters for Everyone’that employs the female viewpoint in theoperations of evacuation centers. This
Inquiries

3

Gender Equal Opportunity Section, Community Affairs Bureau sim004180@city.sendai.jp

Measures for Stranded Commuterswith Cooperation from Businesses

At the time of the Great East Japan Earthquake,public transportation was suspended andmany people could not return to their homes.
Confusion resulted from non-residents whorushed to nearby evacuation centers,
making it impossible for local residents to
get into their designated centers.
Using this as a lesson, Sendai City plans
to collaborate with organizations andbusinesses to use train stations, hotels,commercial facilities, and university
campuses as temporary lodgings when adisaster occurs. It is expected that, aroundtransport hubs such as JR Sendai Station,
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12

program has been implemented at civic
centers and adult education classes sothat various persons, especially women,
can take part in local disaster prevention
activities on a routine basis.
In the program, participants discuss
solutions using actual problems that
occurred in the evacuation centers. They
realize that others have viewpoints andthoughts that would not occur to them. As
a result, they will realize that solutions thatsuit everybody can be produced by sharing
each other’s knowledge.

This reading material
was created to raisechildren’s awarenessabout disaster risk
reduction and develop
their ability to judge and act.
The material contains stories ofchildren who experienced the disaster as well as
questions about what to do in an emergency thatwill lead children to develop their independence.
It consists of three separate volumes, one for 1st to 3rdyear elementary school students, one for 4th to 6thyear elementary school students, and the third forjunior high school students, so as to deepen theirunderstanding according to their developmental stage.

about 14,000 people will be unable toreturn home during a major disaster in the
future. The city will cater for these people
at these sites.
A ‘liaison council’ was established byconcerned parties located around JR
Sendai Station. In May 2014, they drew up
policies to cope with stranded commuters.
They include stopping commuters fromgoing home all at once and specifying
the measures that people must take,and roles and responsibilities during adisaster, as well as holding disaster drills
on a regular basis.

Disaster Risk Reduction Promotion Section, Crisis Management Department kks000130@city.sendai.jp

Disaster prevention workshop

Drills for stranded commutersand Research Conducted by the International
4 Investigation
Research Institute of Disaster Science (IRIDeS), Tohoku University
constructing an archive of the disaster,and handing out the ‘Disaster Prevention
Handbook for Everyone.’ IRIDeS are also
carrying out emergency surveys in Japanand overseas so that this knowledge cancontribute to the restoration of Tohoku andthe mitigation of damage from disasters
throughout the world.
Based on an agreement with Sendai City,
IRIDeS has drawn up a disaster prevention
plan for the Sendai area. They have also
developed tsunami evacuation measures
such as the creation of hazard maps,
m a d e i m p ro v e m e n t s t o e v a c u a t i o ncenters, and continues to hold workshops
to help residents make evacuation maps.

Disaster-Resilient and Environmentally-Friendly City

Field survey on the 2016 Kumamoto Earthquake

The International Research Institute ofDisaster Science (IRIDeS) was establishedat Tohoku University in April 2012, one
year after the disaster. It is involved in a
new field of interdisciplinary research to
study responses to low-probability ‘mega
disasters’ that cannot be handled
effectively with a traditional disasterprevention or disaster risk reduction
system. IRIDeS is made up of researchers
working in various fields that include
literature, science, engineering,
informatics, and medicine. IRIDeS
conducts a wide range of activities suchas explaining the outbreak mechanisms of
massive earthquakes and tsunamis,

Establishment of the Global Centre for Disaster Statistics
Tohoku University established the Global Centre for Disaster Statistics in March 2015 incollaboration with the United Nations Development Programme (UNDP). By accumulating
and analyzing disaster statistics on fatalities and economic losses caused by disasters.
The center aims to contribute to the planning of disaster risk reduction and development
policies for countries and regions as well as implementing the Sendai Framework. A project
to collect disaster damage and loss data is in progress in seven countries includingIndonesia and Myanmar.
Inquiries

Public Relations Office, IRIDeS koho-office@irides.tohoku.ac.jp

Urban Development

Giving a class in the Philippines

to Foreign Residents and5 Assistance
Visitors during a Disaster

Disaster prevention video in 12 languages(produced by Sendai Tourism, Convention
and International Association)
Inquiries

International Association.
Also, the center has a registry of foreign
language volunteers who provide
assistance during a disaster. As part oftheir training, volunteers participate incommunity disaster drills and play the roleof an interpreter for foreign residents.

Disaster prevention education
for foreign residents
I n o rd e r t o r a i s e f o re i g n re s i d e n t s ’awareness of disaster preparedness andto provide smooth support to themduring a disaster, Sendai City sends out
disaster prevention information throughthe distribution of disaster prevention
pamphlets and DVDs in different
languages, and provides disaster
preparedness drills and training for newly
arrived foreign residents. In addition, we
broadcast programs of disaster
preparedness talks featuring foreign
residents and bite sized disaster prevention
advice in different languages throughcollaboration with an FM radio station.

Sendai Disaster Multilingual Support Center
immediately after the disaster (March 2011)

Sending Out Information and Establishing a City Brand

When a large scale disaster occurs,
Sendai City sets up the Disaster
Multilingual Support Center to support
foreign residents and visitors who may beunable to obtain sufficient information
due to language difficulties or differencesin customs. Its operation is managed by
the Sendai Tourism, Convention and

Human Capacity Building

Setting up the Sendai Disaster Multilingual Support Centerand foreign language volunteers for disaster response

Volunteers interpreting how to perform CPR
at a community disaster prevention drillInternational Relations and Planning Section, Culture and Tourism Bureau kik002040@city.sendai.jp

Disaster Preparedness Course in Japanese-language Classes
Since FY 2017, Sendai City has been providing adisaster preparedness course targeting foreign
residents who are studying Japanese-language
classes at shimin centers. With an interpreter’s
assistance, they are able to learn about
Japanese disaster terms, how to use a storm

and flood hazard map and understand thecontent of disaster information such as disasteradvisories released from the city.
As of September 2017, this course has been
held five times thus far, with a total of 117 foreign
residents having attended the course.

13

Sendai – Disaster-Resilient and Environmentally-Friendly City

Sending Out Information and Establishing a City Brand

Our messages

Conveying Our Experiences and Memories of the Great East
Japan Earthquake to the Future and the World

Disaster-Resilient and Environmentally-Friendly CityAs the number of Sendai residents who have not experienced the Great
East Japan Earthquake increases, we need to remember our experiences
and the lessons learned from the disaster so that we can prepare ourselves
for future disasters.
Therefore, we must keep our memories, knowledge, and the grief we felt
Exterior of Arahama Elementary Schoolin a form that can be handed down to future generations.
Sendai City aims to pass on memories of the disaster through the
management of memorial facilities and the archiving of videos andphotographs in collaboration with residents and community groups.
As a city where the Sendai Framework was adapted at the Third UN
World Conference on Disaster Risk Reduction, we are committed topassing on our experiences and lessons learned from the disaster, thus
contributing to disaster prevention and disaster risk reduction in the world.

Urban Developmentof the Great East Japan Earthquake :1 Ruins
Sendai Arahama Elementary School

Sending Out Information and Establishing a City Brand

Human Capacity Building

Sendai City is preserving the Arahama Elementary
School building as a tsunami memorial, so as topass on the lessons learned from this disaster tofuture generations while striving to reduce theimpact of the damage and casualties that may
occur in the event of a tsunami. The memorial has
been open to the public since April 2017.
Located about 700m inland from the coastline,
Arahama Elementary School was attended by 91
students before the 2011 disaster. Although thetsunami flooded the school building with water up
to the second floor, 320 persons, including
students, teachers and staff of the school andnearby residents who had evacuated to thebuilding, were all safely rescued.
Inside the school building, visitors learn about thetremendous damage that can occur during a tsunami
through photos of destroyed classrooms and photos
taken immediately after the tsunami struck theschool in 2011. There are also DVDs on the historyof the Arahama area and materials that recall theelementary
school before the disaster so that these
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memories can be conveyed to future generations.
Inquiries

Exhibition room, 4th floor:
Memories of Arahama from March 11, 2011

Exhibition room, 4th floor: History and Culture of Arahama, and Memories of Arahama Elementary School

Disaster-Resilient and Environmentally-Friendly City Promotion Office, City Planning Policy Bureau mac001605@city.sendai.jp

2 Sendai 3/11 Memorial Community Center

Exhibition room, 2nd ﬂoor

At the eastern terminus of the Tozai Subway
Line, located inside Arai Station, is the
Sendai 3/11 Memorial Community Center.
The center opened in February 2016 as aplace to archive items so they can be used
to pass on the experiences and lessons
learned from the 2011 disaster. The 1st floor
is a ‘communication space’ that provides
information on the eastern coastal areas
affected by the tsunami using maps andslides. On the 2nd floor, there is an exhibition
room where visitors can see and learn about
the destruction wrought by the tsunami andInquiries

14

earthquake, the progress made thus far in
our restoration and reconstruction efforts,and scenes of the eastern coastal areas
before the disaster. There is also a studioused for holding workshops or other civic
activities on the same floor. The rooftop is
utilized as a space to rest.
The Memorial Community Center is not onlya facility for displaying exhibits but also aplace where people from all walks of life,
including residents, residents’ groups andNPOs, are able to gather and take part invarious activities and build new relationships.

Sendai 3/11 Memorial Community Center office@sendai311-memorial.jp

In May 2011, the ‘Remember 3/11
Center’ (also known as ‘Wasuren!’ ) wasestablished at Sendai Mediatheque as abase for recording information about thedisaster and the recovery andreconstruction process from it, with thecollaboration of residents, experts, artists,and center staff.
Videos, photos, and sound clips of what
was seen and heard by people in various
disaster situations are organized andkept as ‘Chronicles of the Disaster:
Residents’ Collaborative Archive’ after
properly managing the information rights.
The records can be viewed on the center
website or borrowed from libraries, andare sometimes exhibited or screened. In
addition, meetings to discuss the disasterusing videos, photos, and sound clips areheld. By the end of July 2017, a total of
495 videos, 2,840 photos, and 54 soundclips have been released on the website,
some of which have been translated into
English.

Disaster-Resilient and Environmentally-Friendly City

3 Remember 3/11 Center

Photo exhibition ‘March 12: Hajimari no Gohan(Meals that mark a new start)’(in collaboration with the Remember 3/11 Archive)

Exhibition – Life Post Disaster(Jointly hosted with the executive committee for the
Fukushima Disaster Ruins Preservation Project)

Activity Support Department, Sendai Mediatheque office@smt.city.sendai.jp

Urban Development

Inquiries

Hallway, 1st floor

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experience, and the responses we took to
future generations. The report was sent tomunicipalities throughout Japan.
‘Road to Recovery SENDAI’ includes
interviews on reconstruction efforts by
various people and groups, such as
Sendai residents, local community groups,
NPOs, private companies and volunteers,
who played a driving role in reconstruction.
Both reports have been released on theofficial website of Sendai City.

Post-Disaster Reconstruction Department, City Planning Policy Bureau
som000300@city.sendai.jp

5 Sendai Symposium for Disaster Risk Reduction and the Future
In March Sendai City annually holds the‘Sendai Symposium for Disaster Risk
Reduction and the Future’ so that Sendai
residents’ strong awareness of disaster
preparedness will continue after the Third
UN World Conference on Disaster Risk
Reduction. The symposium also acts as aplatform for people working on disasterreconstruction and in disaster risk reductionin the Tohoku region to gather in Sendai
and make presentations on their efforts
and work to further exchanges. Challenges
of disaster preparedness in local
communities and future directions fordisaster risk reduction are addressed
through theme sessions such as: ‘passing
on the disaster experience,’ and ‘raising
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next-generation leaders to work for disaster
preparedness for local communities infuture.’ This forum also includes exhibitions
and mini-presentations.

Activity report by junior high school students

Disaster-Resilient and Environmentally-Friendly City Promotion Office, City Planning Policy Bureau
mac001605@city.sendai.jp‘Sendai City’s Five-year Recovery Records from the Disaster’ (upper)and ‘Road to Recovery SENDAI’ (lower)

Sending Out Information and Establishing a City Brand

We published the ‘Sendai City’s Five-year
Recovery Records from the Disaster’ which
compiles our efforts for post-disasterreconstruction and disaster risk reduction
over five years from the outbreak of thedi s a ste r u ntil th e c o mpl eti o n of th ereconstruction plan as scheduled. We hopethat this report will be of help for disaster
preparedness in the future by passing down
the challenges we encountered during thedisaster, the lessons we learned from thisHuman Capacity Building

4 Publication of Chronicles of the Post-Disaster Period

Sending Out Information
through Presentationsat International Conferencesand Hosting Study Tours
To contribute to disaster risk reduction, Sendai
City makes presentations at domestic andinternational conferences, and actively hosts study
tours for people involved in disaster prevention
from domestic and international organizations andcompanies. They include training programs for
JICA and other municipalities’ staff.

The Fifth Session of the Global Platform forDisaster Risk Reduction (Cancun, Mexico)15

City of Sendai
Disaster-Resilient andEnvironmentally-Friendly City
Promotion Office
3-7-1 Kokubuncho, Aoba-ku, Sendai 980-8671 Japan
Tel: +81-(0)22-214-8098
Fax: +81-(0)22-214-8497
E-mail: mac001605@city.sendai.jp
http://sendai-resilience.jp/en/
Issued in November 2017