No.102 (March 2009)

高等教育研究叢書

REVIEWS IN HIGHER EDUCATION

102

アメリカのアドバンスト・プレイスメント・プログラム

Advanced Placement Program in the United States:
Present and Future of the Educational Articulation

アメリカのアドバンスト・
プレイスメント・プログラム

高等教育研究叢書102 2009年 ３ 月― 高大接続の現状と課題―

小川 佳万・小野寺 香―高大接続の現状と課題 ―
小川佳万・小野寺香

RESEARCH INSTITUTE FOR
H I G H E R E D U C AT I O N
HIROSHIMA UNIVERSITY

ISBN978-4-902808-48-3

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高等教育研究開発センターࠕࡔ࡝ࠞߩࠕ࠼ࡃࡦࠬ࠻࡮ࡊ࡟ࠗࠬࡔࡦ࠻࡮ࡊࡠࠣ࡜ࡓ㧙 㜞ᄢធ⛯ߩ⃻⁁ߣ⺖㗴 㧙ዊᎹ ૫ਁ࡮ዊ㊁ኹ 㚅ᐢፉᄢቇ㜞╬ᢎ⢒⎇ⓥ㐿⊒࠮ࡦ࠲࡯ߪߒ߇߈

ࠕࡔ࡝ࠞߩࠕ࠼ࡃࡦࠬ࠻࡮ࡊ࡟ࠗࠬࡔࡦ࠻࡮ࡊࡠࠣ࡜ࡓ㧔AdvancedPlacementProgram㧦AP ࡊࡠࠣ࡜ࡓ㧕ߪ㧘ቇᬺᚑ❣߇ఝ⑲ߥ㜞ᩞ↢ߦኻߒߡᄢቇ 1㧙2 ᐕᰴ࡟ࡌ࡞ߩ⑼⋡ࠍጁୃߔࠆ
ᯏળࠍਈ߃㧘ߘߩ⹜㛎⚿ᨐ߇⦟ᅢߢ޽ࠇ߫㧘ᄢቇߩන૏ߣߒߡ⹺ቯߐࠇࠆో☨ⷙᮨߩࡊࡠࠣ࡜
ࡓߢ޽ࠆ‫ ߩߎޕ‬AP ࡊࡠࠣ࡜ࡓߪ㧘᝼ᬺ߇㜞ᩞᢎຬߦࠃߞߡታ〣ߐࠇ㧘⹜㛎ߪࠞ࡟࠶ࠫࡏ࡯࠻
ߦࠃߞߡ▤ℂߐࠇ㧘න૏ߪᄢቇߢ⹺ቯߐࠇࠆߚ߼㧘㜞ᄢធ⛯㧔ㅪ៤㧕ࠍ⠨߃ࠆ႐ว㧘㕖Ᏹߦ⥝๧ᷓ޿ࡊࡠࠣ࡜ࡓߢ޽ࠆߣ⸒߃ࠆ‫ߚ߹ޕ‬㧘ఝ⑲ߥ㜞ᩞ↢߳ߩᢎ⢒㧘ᄢቇߢߩᢎ㙃ᢎ⢒㧘ᢎຬߩ
ജ㊂ะ਄╬ߩ໧㗴ࠍ⠨߃ࠆ㓙ߦ߽㧘ߘࠇߪᄙߊߩ␜ໂࠍᣣᧄߦឭଏߒߡߊࠇࠆ࡙࠾࡯ࠢߥ߽ߩ
ߢ޽ࠆߣ⸒߃ࠆ‫ࠎࠈߜ߽ޕ‬㧘ᣣᧄߢߪ೨଀߇ߥߊ㧘߆ߟߘࠇࠍߘߩ߹߹ᣣᧄߢዉ౉ߔࠆߎߣߪ
࿎㔍ߢ޽ࠆߎߣ߽⏕߆ߢ޽ࠆ߇㧘ᣣᧄߢ㜞ᄢធ⛯㧔ㅪ៤㧕߿୘ᕈߦᔕߓߚᢎ⢒߳ߩ㑐ᔃ߇㜞߹ࠆߦߟࠇߡ㧘AP ࡊࡠࠣ࡜ࡓߩ⃻⁁߿⺖㗴ࠍᱜ⏕ߦᛠីߔࠆߎߣߪ੹ᓟ߹ߔ߹ߔ㊀ⷐߦߥߞߡ
ߊࠆߣ⠨߃ࠄࠇࠆ‫ޕ‬㩷 ㄭᐕ㧘ᣣᧄߢߪ㜞ᄢធ⛯㧔ㅪ៤㧕ߦ㑐ߔࠆ⼏⺰߇߹ߔ߹ߔ⋓ࠎߦߥߞߡ߈ߡ޿ࠆ‫ߩߘޕ‬㓙ߦ㧘ߎߩ AP ࡊࡠࠣ࡜ࡓ߇⚫੺ߐࠇࠆߎߣ߽޽ࠆ߇㧘ߘߩᖱႎ߇޽߹ࠅᶐㅘߒߡ޿ࠆߣߪ⸒߃ߥ޿
ߩ߇⃻⁁ߢ޽ࠆ‫⺰੺⚫ߚ߹ޕ‬ᢥߢ޽ߞߡ߽㧘╙৻ߦౝኈ߇ㇱಽ⊛ߢ޽ߞߡၮᧄ⊛ߥᖱႎ߇᳿ቯ
⊛ߦਇ⿷ߒߡ޿ࠆߎߣ㧘╙ੑߦߘࠇࠄߩᖱႎ߇ฎߊ㧘ㄭᐕߩᄌൻ߇ࠞࡃ࡯ߐࠇߡ޿ߥ޿㧘ߣ޿
߁㊀ⷐߥ໧㗴߇޽ࠆ‫ޕ‬AP ࡊࡠࠣ࡜ࡓߣ޿߁න⺆ࠍ⡞޿ߚߎߣߩ޽ࠆᢎ⢒㑐ଥ⠪ߢ޽ߞߡ߽㧘ᄢቇᢎຬ߇㜞ᩞߦ಴ะ޿ߡ᝼ᬺࠍⴕ߁㧘޿ࠊࠁࠆ‫ޟ‬಴೨᝼ᬺ‫╩߇ߣߎࠆ޿ߡߒࠫ࡯ࡔࠗࠍޠ‬⠪ߩ⚻㛎߆ࠄ᣿ࠄ߆ߦߥߞߚ‫ߚ߹ޕ‬㧘⋥ធ⪺⠪ߦ‫ޟ‬㜞ᩞߩᢎຬ߇ᜂᒰߔࠆ᝼ᬺ߇ߥߗᄢቇߩන૏
ߦߥࠆߩ߆‫╬ޠ‬㧘ߐ߹ߑ߹ߥ⇼໧ࠍ๒ߔࠆవ↢ᣇ߽޿ߚ‫ޕ‬㩷ᧄฌᦠߪ㧘AP ࡊࡠࠣ࡜ࡓߦ㑐ᔃࠍ߽ߟ⎇ⓥ⠪߿ᢎຬ߇㧘ߘߩో૕௝ࠍᛠីߢ߈㧘߆ߟᓐࠄߩߐ߹ߑ߹ߥ⇼໧ߦ╵߃ࠄࠇࠆࠃ߁ߦᱜ⏕ߢ᦭⋉ߥᖱႎࠍឭଏߔࠆߎߣࠍ⋡ᜰߒߚ߽ߩߢ޽ࠆ‫ޕ‬╙ 1 ┨ߢ㧘AP ࡊࡠࠣ࡜ࡓࠍℂ⸃ߔࠆߚ߼ߩ㧘ࠕࡔ࡝ࠞߩ㜞ᩞᢎ⢒ߦ㑐ߔࠆၮᧄ⊛ߥᖱႎࠍឭ
ଏߒߚᓟ㧘╙ 2 ┨ߢߪ㧘AP ࡊࡠࠣ࡜ࡓ߇ߤߩࠃ߁ߦ⊒ዷߒߡ߈ߚߩ߆ߦߟ޿ߡ᭎ⷰߔࠆ‫⛯ޕ‬ߊ╙ 3 ┨ߢߪ㧘㜞ᩞߦ߅ߌࠆ AP ࡊࡠࠣ࡜ࡓߩ᝼ᬺߦߟ޿ߡ⾗ᢱߦၮߠ޿ߡౕ૕⊛ߦㅀߴ㧘╙
4 ┨ߢߘߩ᝼ᬺߩᚑᨐࠍ᷹ࠆ AP ⹜㛎ߩౝኈߦߟ޿ߡ⸒෸ߔࠆ‫ߦࠄߐޕ‬㧘╙ 5 ┨ߢߪ㧘AP ⹜㛎⚿ᨐࠍᄢቇ஥߇ߤߩࠃ߁ߦන૏⹺ቯߔࠆߩ߆ߦߟ޿ߡ⹦ㅀߒ㧘ᦨᓟߦ╙ 6 ┨ߢ㧘ߎ߁ߒߚ APࡊࡠࠣ࡜ࡓߩਥߥലᨐ߿⺖㗴ߦߟ޿ߡ߹ߣ߼ࠆ‫ޕ‬એ਄ߩߣ߅ࠅ㧘ᧄᦠࠍㅢ⺒ߔࠆߎߣߦࠃߞߡ㧘⺒⠪ߪ AP ࡊࡠࠣ࡜ࡓߦ㑐ߔࠆၮᧄ⊛߆ߟᦨ㊀ⷐ੐㗄ࠍ✂⟜ߢ߈ࠆߎߣߦߥࠆ‫ޕ‬ߥ߅㧘ᧄᦠߪ AP ࡊࡠࠣ࡜ࡓߦ㑐ߔࠆᦨᣂߩേะࠍߢ߈ࠆߛߌᐔᤃߥ⴫⃻ߢ⺑᣿ߒ㧘ᱜ⏕ߦવ߃ࠆߎߣࠍᦨᄢߩ⋡⊛ߣߒߡ޿ࠆߚ߼㧘2000 ᐕએ㒠ߩേะࠍኻ⽎ߣߒߚ‫ޕ‬ᖱႎߩ಴ᚲߪ㧘ࠞ࡟࠶ࠫࡏ࡯࠼߆ࠄ಴ ߐࠇߚႎ๔ᦠ߿࠙ࠚࡉ਄ߩᖱႎߩઁ㧘AP 㑐ㅪߩ⺰ᢥ㧘ߐࠄߦߪࠕࡔ࡝

―ⅰ―ࠞߩᢎ⢒ಽ㊁ߢቯ⹏ߩ޽ࠆో࿖⚕ EducationWeek ߿ TheChronicleofHigherEducationߩ⸥੐ߢ޽ࠆ‫ߩࠄࠇߎߦ․ޕ‬ᣂ⡞ߪ㧘ᢎ⢒ߦ㑐ߔࠆᦨᣂേะࠍᛠីߔࠆߦߪㆡಾߥᖱႎḮߢ޽ࠅ㧘ᧄᦠၫ╩ߩ਄ߢ᦭⋉ߣߥߞߚ‫ޕ‬߽߁৻ߟߩᖱႎḮߪ⃻࿾ᩞߢ෼㓸ߒߚ⾗ᢱߢ޽ࠆ‫╩ޕ‬⠪ߪᐘㆇߦ߽ߎߎᢙᐕࠕࡔ࡝ࠞߩቇᩞ
ࠍߒ߫ߒ߫⸰໧ߔࠆᯏળߦᕺ߹ࠇ㧘ዊቇᩞ߆ࠄ㜞ᩞ߹ߢ㧘౏┙࡮⑳┙ቇᩞ㧘౒ቇ࡮೎ቇᩞߥߤ
ߩ⃻⁁߿ᡷ㕟േะߦߟ޿ߡ⺞ᩏߒߡ߈ߡ޿ࠆ‫߫ߒ߫ߒޕ‬ᜰ៰ߐࠇࠆߎߣߢ޽ࠆ߇㧘ᢎ⢒೙ᐲ߇Ꮊ߿ቇ඙ߦࠃߞߡዋߥ߆ࠄߧ㆑޿߇޽ࠆߎߣౕ߽૕⊛ߦࠊ߆ߞߡ߈ߚߚ߼㧘ᧄᦠߢ੐଀ߣߒߡ
ขࠅ਄ߍࠆࠕࡔ࡝ࠞߩ㜞ᩞߪ㧘ࠞ࡝ࡈࠜ࡞࠾ࠕᎺࡠࠨࡦ࠯࡞ࠬ⛔วቇ඙㧔LosAngelesUnified
SchoolDistrict㧕ౝߩ╩⠪߇⸰໧ߒߚ㜞ᩞ 4 ᩞߣߒ㧘ߘߎߢ෼㓸ߒߚ⾗ᢱࠍ߽ߣߦ᣿ࠄ߆ߦߒ
ߡ޿ߊߎߣߦߔࠆ‫ߩߎޕ‬ὐߦ㑐ㅪߒߡ㧘᧲ർᄢቇᄢቇ㒮ᢎ⢒ቇ⎇ⓥ⑼ਥ௅ߩ࿖㓙ࠪࡦࡐࠫ࠙ࡓ
‫ޟ‬㜞ᩞᢎຬߩᣣ☨Ყセ‫ ࠍޠ‬2007 ᐕ 3 ᦬ߦ㐿௅ߒ㧘หቇ඙߆ࠄ㜞ᩞߩవ↢ᣇࠍ߅๭߮ߒߡ㧘ᗧ⷗੤឵ߢ߈ߚߎߣߪ㧘ᧄᦠߩၫ╩ߦ޽ߚߞߡ㕖Ᏹߦ᦭⋉ߢ޽ߞߚߎߣ߽⸥ߒߡ߅߈ߚ޿‫ޕ‬ᦨᓟߦ㧘ᧄᦠߩၫ╩ߦ޽ߚߞߡߪ㧘ߐ߹ߑ߹ߥੱ‫߅ߩޘ‬਎⹤ߦߥߞߚ‫⪺౒ޕ‬⠪ߩዊ㊁ኹ㚅ߐࠎߪ㧘ᧄੱߩၫ╩ᜂᒰ┨ߛߌߢߪߥߊ㧘ᢥ₂⺞ᩏߦ߽ᄢ޿ߦ⽸₂ߒߡߊࠇߚ‫ߚ߹ޕ‬㧘ᩞᱜߦ޽ߚߞߡߪ㧘ᄢቇ㒮↢ߩᐔਛ㉿ᒎߐࠎ㧘㜞ᯅᢥᐔߐࠎߦ߽߅਎⹤ߦߥߞߚ‫ߪᦠᧄޕ‬ዊᦠߦߔ߉ߥ
޿߇㧘AP ࡊࡠࠣ࡜ࡓ㧘ߐࠄߦߪ㜞ᄢធ⛯໧㗴ߦ㑐ᔃࠍᜬߟੱ‫ߦޘ‬ዋߒߢ߽ᓎߦ┙ߟߎߣ߇ߢ
߈ࠇ߫ᐘ޿ߢ޽ࠆ‫ޕ‬

2008 ᐕ 11 ᦬ ઄บ ⪺⠪ࠍઍ⴫ߒߡ   ዊᎹ૫ਁ






―ⅱ―

目

次

はしがき
小川 佳万 ·················· ⅰ

第１章

高校教育と AP プログラム
小川 佳万 ·················· 1

第２章

AP プログラムの発展と支援
小野寺 香 ·················· 17

第３章

AP 科目の授業
小川 佳万 ·················· 37

第４章

AP 試験と結果
小野寺 香 ·················· 51

第５章

大学の単位認定小川 佳万 ·················· 69

第６章

AP プログラムの効果と課題
小野寺 香 ·················· 81╙㧝┨ 㜞ᩞᢎ⢒ߣ AP ࡊࡠࠣ࡜ࡓዊᎹ ૫ਁ
㧔᧲ർᄢቇ㧕
㧝㧚ߪߓ߼ߦ
 ࠕࡔ࡝ࠞߩࠕ࠼ࡃࡦࠬ࠻࡮ࡊ࡟ࠗࠬࡔࡦ࠻࡮ࡊࡠࠣ࡜ࡓ㧔AdvancedPlacementProgram㧦AP ࡊࡠࠣ࡜ࡓ㧕ߪ㧘ቇᬺᚑ❣߇ఝ⑲ߥ㜞ᩞ↢ߦኻߒߡᄢቇ 1㧙2 ᐕᰴ࡟ࡌ࡞ߩ⑼⋡ࠍጁୃߔࠆ
ᯏળࠍਈ߃㧘ߘߩ⹜㛎⚿ᨐ߇⦟ᅢߢ޽ࠇ߫㧘ᄢቇߩන૏ߣߒߡ⹺ቯߐࠇࠆో☨ⷙᮨߩࡊࡠࠣ࡜
ࡓߢ޽ࠆ‫߇⋡⑼ޕ‬ᄢቇᢎ⢒࡟ࡌ࡞㧔৻⥸ᢎ⢒࡟ࡌ࡞㧕ߢ޽ࠅ㧘↢ᓤߩ⹜㛎⚿ᨐߦࠃߞߡߪᄢቇ
஥߇න૏ߣߒߡ⹺ቯߔࠆߣ޿߁ᗧ๧ߢ㧘ߘࠇߪ⇼޿ߥߊ㜞╬ᢎ⢒ߩ৻ㇱಽߢ޽ࠆ‫ߒߛߚޕ‬㧘APࡊࡠࠣ࡜ࡓߩ᝼ᬺߪ㜞ᩞ㧔HighSchool㧕ߢ㧘㜞ᩞ↢ࠍኻ⽎ߦ㧘㜞ᩞᢎຬ߇ᜂᒰߔࠆߣ޿߁ᗧ
๧ߢ㜞ᩞᢎ⢒㧔ᓟᦼਛ╬ᢎ⢒㧕ߩ৻ㇱߦ⚵ߺㄟ߹ࠇߡ޿ࠆߣ޿߁㕙߽૬ߖᜬߞߡ޿ࠆ‫߽߆ߒޕ‬㧘AP ⑼⋡ߩጁୃߪ㧘ᄢቇㅴቇߩ㓙ߦ᦭೑ߦ௛ߊߣ޿߁ᗧ๧ߢ㧘↢ᓤ୘ੱߦߣߞߡ߈ࠊ߼ߡ㊀ⷐߥ㜞ᩞᢎ⢒ߩ৻ㇱߣߥࠆ‫ߦࠄߐޕ‬㧘หࡊࡠࠣ࡜ࡓߪ㧘ߘߩቇ⠌ᚑᨐࠍ᷹ࠆ⹜㛎㧔AP ⹜㛎㧕ࠍ㧘ᄢቇߢ߽㜞ᩞߢ߽ߥ޿ࠞ࡟࠶ࠫࡏ࡯࠼㧔CollegeBoard㧕߇▤ℂߒߡ޿ࠆߣ޿߁ὐ߽࡙࠾࡯ࠢ
ߢ޽ࠆ‫ࠅ߹ߟޕ‬㧘ో☨ߩฦ㜞ᩞߢߘࠇߙࠇ AP ⑼⋡ߩ᝼ᬺ߇ⴕࠊࠇߡ޿ࠆ߇㧘ߘߩᚑᨐߪో࿖
౒ㅢߩ AP ⹜㛎ߦࠃߞߡ᷹ࠄࠇߡ޿ࠆߩߢ޽ࠆ‫ޕ‬ ᧄ┨ߢߪ㧘ߎߩ࡙࠾࡯ࠢߥ AP ࡊࡠࠣ࡜ࡓࠍℂ⸃ߔࠆ਄ߢߘߩ೨ឭߣߥࠆᖱႎߦߟ޿ߡ⸒෸
ߒߡ޿ߊߎߣߦߔࠆ‫ߕ߹ޕ‬㧘ࠕࡔ࡝ࠞߩᢎ⢒೙ᐲ߿㜞ᩞߩ᭎ⷐࠍ⺑᣿ߒߥ߇ࠄ㧘㜞ᩞᢎ⢒⺖⒟ߩߥ߆ߢߩ AP ⑼⋡ߩ૏⟎ߠߌߦߟ޿ߡ᣿ࠄ߆ߦߒߡ޿߈ߚ޿‫ߡߒߘޕ‬ᓟඨߢߪ㧘ߎߩ AP ࡊࡠࠣ࡜ࡓࠍ▤ℂߒߡ޿ࠆࠞ࡟࠶ࠫࡏ࡯࠼ߩ᭎ⷐߦߟ޿ߡ⸒෸ߔࠆ‫ޕ‬๟⍮ߩߣ߅ࠅ㧘ࠕࡔ࡝ࠞߩ
ᢎ⢒೙ᐲߪᎺߦࠃߞߡ㧘߹ߚቇ඙㧔SchoolDistrict㧕ߦࠃߞߡᄙ᭽ߢ޽ࠅ㧘ࠕࡔ࡝ࠞߩౖဳ⊛ߥᢎ⢒೙ᐲ߿㜞ᩞᢎ⢒ࠍㅀߴࠆߎߣߪ࿎㔍ߢ޽ࠆߚ߼㧘ਥߣߒߡࠞ࡝ࡈࠜ࡞࠾ࠕᎺࡠࠨࡦ࠯࡞
ࠬ⛔วቇ඙㧔LosAngelesUnifiedSchoolDistrict㧕ߩ㜞ᩞ㧔౏┙㧕ࠍ੐଀ߣߒߡౕ૕⊛ߦ⺑᣿ߒߡ޿ߊߎߣߦߔࠆ‫ޕ‬㧞㧚ࠕࡔ࡝ࠞߩ㜞ᩞ㧔㧝㧕ᢎ⢒೙ᐲ ࠕࡔ࡝ࠞߦ߅޿ߡᢎ⢒ߦ㑐ߔࠆᮭ㒢ߪᎺߦ޽ࠅ㧘ߘߩᎺߪᢎ⢒ߦ㑐ߔࠆᮭ㒢੐㗄ߩᄙߊࠍቇ
඙㧔SchoolDistrict㧕ߦᆔ⼑ߒߡ޿ࠆ‫ߩߘޕ‬ቇ඙ߢߪᢎ⢒ᆔຬળ㧔BoardofEducation㧕߇ᢎ⢒ߦ㑐ߔࠆᗧᕁ᳿ቯࠍⴕߞߡ޿ࠆ‫ޕ‬ᣣᧄߦ߽ฦᏒ↸᧛ߦᢎ⢒ᆔຬળ߇ሽ࿷ߔࠆߚ߼㧘ᣣᧄߩᏒ―1―↸᧛㧔෸߮ᢎ⢒ᆔຬળ㧕ߩ⁁ᴫ߆ࠄࠕࡔ࡝ࠞߩቇ඙㧔෸߮ᢎ⢒ᆔຬળ㧕ࠍ㘃ផߒ߇ߜߢ޽ࠆ߇㧘ࠕࡔ࡝ࠞߩฦቇ඙ߪ⽷Ḯࠍ߽ߟߚ߼㧔⼾߆ߥቇ඙ߣ⽺ߒ޿ቇ඙߇ᔅὼ⊛ߦሽ࿷ߒߡ޿ࠆ㧕㧘ቇ඙ߏߣߩ⁛┙ᕈ߇㜞ߊ㧘ㄭ㓞ߢ߽⇣ߥߞߚ᡽╷ࠍታᣉߒߡ޿ࠆߩߢᵈᗧ߇ᔅⷐߢ޽ࠆ‫ࠅ߹ߟޕ‬㧘ࠕࡔ࡝ࠞߩᢎ⢒೙ᐲߪ㧘Ꮊ߅ࠃ߮ቇ඙ߦࠃߞߡ⇣ߥߞߡ޿ࠆߣ޿߁․ᓽ߇޽ࠆ‫ߚߒ߁ߘޕ‬ὐࠍ೨ឭߣߒߡࠕࡔ࡝ࠞߩቇᩞᢎ⢒೙ᐲࠍ␜ߒߚ߽ߩ߇㧘એਅߩ࿑ 1㧙1 ߢ޽ࠆ‫ޕ‬࿑㧝㧙㧝 ࠕࡔ࡝ࠞวⴐ࿖ߩቇᩞ♽⛔࿑಴ᚲ㧕ᢥㇱ⑼ቇ⋭✬‫ޡ‬2003 ⻉ᄖ࿖ߩᢎ⢒ߩേ߈‫ޢ‬2004 ᐕ‫ޕ‬Ყセ⊛ࠪࡦࡊ࡞ߦ␜ߒߡ޿ࠆߎߩ࿑ 1㧙1 ߆ࠄߢ߽ߐ߹ߑ߹ߥߎߣ߇ࠊ߆ࠆ‫߫߃଀ޕ‬㧘ᄙ᭽ߥࠕࡔ࡝ࠞߩቇᩞᢎ⢒೙ᐲߦ߅޿ߡ߽㧘ೋ╬࡮ਛ╬ᢎ⢒ߪ 12 ᐕ㑆ߣ޿߁ὐߢߪ৻⥌ߒߡ޿ࠆߎߣߢ޽ࠆ‫⟵ߪߢࠞ࡝ࡔࠕޕ‬ോᢎ⢒Ბ㓏ߢ߽㘧߮⚖߿ේ⚖⇐⟎㧔⇐ᐕ㧕ߩភ⟎ߪ⃟ߒߊߥ޿߇㧘ᢎ⢒೙ᐲ਄ߪ㧘ᣣᧄߣห᭽㧘18 ᱦߢਛ╬ᢎ⢒ࠍ⚳߃ࠆߎߣߦߥࠆ‫ߡߒߘޕ‬ਛ╬ᢎ⢒⚳ੌᓟߪ㧘ᄢቇ㧔ቇ჻⺖⒟㧕
㧘ᄢቇ㒮㧔ୃ჻࡮ඳ჻⺖⒟㧕߳ߣធ⛯ߒߡ޿ߊ‫ޕ‬―2―ߚߛߒ㧘ೋ╬࡮ਛ╬ᢎ⢒Ბ㓏ߩ 12 ᐕ㑆ߩ඙ಾࠅᣇߪᎺ㧔ቇ඙㧕ߦࠃߞߡᄙ᭽ߢ޽ࠅ㧘ᣣᧄ߿᧲ࠕࠫࠕ⻉࿖ߢ৻⥸⊛ߥ 6㧙3㧙3 ೙ߪ㧘ࠕࡔ࡝ࠞߢߪᄙᢙᵷߢߪߥ޿‫ޕ‬࿑ 1㧙1 ߢߪ㧘Ꮐ߆ࠄ 6㧙3㧙3 ೙㧘6㧙6 ೙㧘8㧙4 ೙㧘4㧙4㧙4 ೙ߩ 4 ࡄ࠲࡯ࡦ߇␜ߐࠇߡ޿ࠆ߇㧘ઁߦ߽ 6㧙2㧙
4 ೙㧘5㧙3㧙4 ೙߇ሽ࿷ߒߡ޿ࠆ‫ߦ․ޕ‬㧘ㄭᐕߩേะࠍ⸒߃߫ 5㧙3㧙4 ೙߇Ⴧടߒߡ߈ߡ޿ࠆ‫ޕ‬ߒߚ߇ߞߡ㧘㜞ᩞߦὶὐࠍวࠊߖࠇ߫㧘3 ᐕ೙ߣ 4 ᐕ೙߇ሽ࿷ߔࠆߎߣߦߥࠆ߇㧘ࡠࠨࡦ࠯࡞
ࠬ⛔วቇ඙ߢߪ㜞ᩞ㧔౏┙㧕ߪ 4 ᐕ೙ߢ޽ࠆ‫ߡߞ߇ߚߒޕ‬㧘㜞ᄢធ⛯ࠍ⠨߃ࠆ㓙ߦ㊀ⷐߣߥࠆቇᐕߪ㜞ᩞ╙ 4 ቇᐕ㧔╙ 12 ቇᐕ㧕ߣߥࠆ‫ߒߛߚޕ‬㧘AP ⑼⋡ߪ㜞ᩞ 3 ᐕ↢㧔╙ 11 ቇᐕ㧕ߢ߽ᄙߊ߇ጁୃߒߡ߅ࠅ㧘AP ⹜㛎߽ฃߌߡ޿ࠆ‫⛔ࠬ࡞࠯ࡦࠨࡠߪࠇߎޕ‬วቇ඙ߛߌߩ․ᓽߢߪߥߊ㧘ో࿖⊛ߥ௑ะߢ޽ࠆ‫ޕ‬߹ߚ㧘ࠕࡔ࡝ࠞߢߪ㧘৻⥸ߦ㜞ᩞ 1 ᐕ↢㧘2 ᐕ↢ߣ޿߁๭߮ᣇࠃࠅ߽㧘╙ 9 ቇᐕ↢㧔the9th
grade㧕߿╙ 10 ቇᐕ↢ߩࠃ߁ߦ㧘╙ 12 ቇᐕ߹ߢߩㅢߒ⇟ภߢ๭߫ࠇࠆߎߣ߇ᄙ޿‫ߪࠇߎޕ‬㧘ੱ‫ߩޘ‬⒖േ㧔ᒁ⿧ߒ㧕߇㗫❥ߢ޽ࠅ㧘࿾ၞߦࠃࠅ㧘޽ࠆ޿ߪห৻࿾඙ߢ߽౏┙ߣ⑳┙ߦࠃࠅᢎ⢒Ბ㓏ߩ඙ಾࠅᣇ߇⇣ߥߞߡ޿ࠆߎߣࠍ⠨ᘦߒߚ⸒޿ᣇߢ޽ࠆߣᕁࠊࠇࠆ‫ޕ‬ߐࠄߦ㧘࿑ 1㧙1 ߢߪ㧘⟵ോᢎ⢒Ბ㓏ࠍ 9 ᐕ㑆ߣߒߡ⴫␜ߒߡ޿ࠆ߇㧘ో☨ߢ⛔৻ߐࠇߡ޿
ࠆࠊߌߢߪߥߊ㧘9 ᐕ㑆߆ࠄ 12 ᐕ㑆߹ߢᎺߦࠃߞߡ⇣ߥߞߡ޿ࠆߎߣ߽ᵈᗧ߇ᔅⷐߢ޽ࠆ‫․ޕ‬ߦ㧘ዊቇᩞ౉ቇ೨ߩᐜ⒩࿦㧔Kindergarten㧕ߩ 1 ᐕ㑆ࠍ⟵ോᢎ⢒ߦߒߡ޿ࠆᎺ㧔ቇ඙㧕߽ሽ࿷ߒߡ޿ࠆ‫⛔ࠬ࡞࠯ࡦࠨࡠޕ‬วቇ඙㧔ࠞ࡝ࡈࠜ࡞࠾ࠕᎺ㧕ߩ႐วߪᦨ߽㐳޿ࠤ࡯ࠬߢ޽ࠅ㧘㜞ᩞතᬺ߹ߢ㧘ߔߥࠊߜ 18 ᱦ߹ߢ߇⟵ോᢎ⢒Ბ㓏ߢ޽ࠆ‫ߒߛߚޕ‬㧘ㄭᐕߢߪ⾰଻⸽ߩⷰὐ߆ࠄࠞ
࡝ࡈࠜ࡞࠾ࠕ㜞ᩞතᬺ⹜㛎㧔CaliforniaHighSchoolExitExamination㧕߇ታᣉߐࠇߡ޿ࠆ
ߚ߼㧘⟵ോᢎ⢒Ბ㓏ߢ޽ߞߡ߽ 18 ᱦߦߥࠇ߫⥄േ⊛ߦ㜞ᩞࠍතᬺߢ߈ࠆࠊߌߢߪߥߊ㧘තᬺߦᔅⷐߥ 230 න૏ࠍḩߚߒߚ߁߃ߢߘߩ࠹ࠬ࠻ߦวᩰߒߡ޿ߥߌࠇ߫㜞ᩞࠍතᬺߔࠆߎߣ߇ߢ
߈ߥ޿‫ޕ‬㧔㧞㧕㜞ᩞߩᐕ㑆ࠞ࡟ࡦ࠳࡯ ࠕࡔ࡝ࠞߩቇᩞߪ㧘9 ᦬߆ࠄᣂቇᦼ߇ᆎ߹ࠅ㧘⠉ᐕ 6 ᦬ߦᐕᐲ߇⚳ੌߔࠆߎߣ߽౒ㅢߒߡ޿ࠆ‫ ߡߒߘޕ‬7 ᦬ߣ 8 ᦬ߪ㐳޿ᄐભߺߢ޽ࠆ‫ߩߎޕ‬ᄐભߺߪ㧘↢ᓤ߫߆ࠅ߆㧘ᢎຬߦߣߞߡ߽ቢ
ోߥભᥜߣߥࠅ㧘ߘߩઍࠊࠅ⛎ᢱ߇ᡰᛄࠊࠇߥ޿ߎߣ߇৻⥸⊛ߢ޽ࠆ‫ߒߛߚޕ‬㧘ࡠࠨࡦ࠯࡞ࠬ
⛔วቇ඙ߩ႐วߪ㧘ભᥜᦼ㑆ߢ߽⛎ᢱ߇ᡰᛄࠊࠇߡ޿ࠆ‫ޕ‬ߘߒߡ㧘ߎߩ 9 ᦬߆ࠄ 6 ᦬ߦ߆ߌߡߩౕ૕⊛ߥ㜞ᩞߩࠞ࡟ࡦ࠳࡯ࠍ␜ߒߚ߽ߩ߇⴫ 1㧙1 ߢ޽ࠆ‫ߪ⴫ߩߎޕ‬㧘ࡠࠨࡦ࠯࡞ࠬ⛔วቇ඙ߩ A 㜞ᩞ㧔౏┙㧕ߩ 2006㧙07 ᐕᐲߩ߽ߩߢ޽ࠅ㧘ࠕࡔ࡝ࠞߩ㜞ᩞߩ᝼ᬺᣣߣભᬺᣣߩ᭎ᴫࠍℂ⸃ߦߔࠆߩߦᓎ┙ߟ‫ޕ‬A 㜞ᩞߢߪ㧘ᣣᤨ߇Ფᐕᄙዋ
೨ᓟߔࠆߦߒߡ߽߶߷ߎߩࠞ࡟ࡦ࠳࡯ߢㆇ༡ߐࠇߡ޿ࠆ‫ޕ‬߹ߕ㧘ߎߩ A 㜞ᩞߩ 2006 ᐕߩᣂቇᦼߪ 9 ᦬ 5 ᣣ߆ࠄᆎ߹ࠆ߇㧘৻ㅳ㑆೨ߩ 8 ᦬ 29 ᣣߣ 30ᣣ߇‫ޟ‬੐೨⊓㍳ᣣ㧔ᣂ౉↢࡮࿷ᩞ↢ߣ߽ߦ⊓ᩞߒߡᚻ⛯߈ࠍⴕ߁ᣣ㧕‫ߞ߇ߚߒޕࠆ޿ߡߞߥߣޠ‬ߡᢎຬߩ 1 ᐕߩ઀੐ߩᆎ߹ࠅ㧘ߟ߹ࠅ੐ോ૞ᬺ߿᝼ᬺḰ஻ߪߎߩᣣ߆ࠄߣ޿߁ߎߣߦߥࠆ‫ޕ‬―3―⴫㧝㧙㧝 # 㜞ᩞߩᐕ㑆ࠞ࡟ࡦ࠳࡯㧔㧙㧕੐೨⊓㍳ᣣ

8 ᦬ 29㧘30 ᣣ᝼ᬺ㐿ᆎ

9 ᦬ 5 ᣣભ⻠ᣣ

10 ᦬ 2 ᣣᓳຬァੱߩᣣ

11 ᦬ 10 ᣣᗵ⻢⑂ભᬺ

11 ᦬ 23㧘24 ᣣ౻ቄભᬺ

12 ᦬ 18 ᣣ㧙1 ᦬ 5 ᣣࠠࡦࠣ’Ꮷ⺀↢ᣣ1 ᦬ 15 ᣣ↢ᓤ⥄↱ᣣ

2 ᦬ 5 ᣣᤐቇᦼ㐿ᆎᣣ

2 ᦬ 6 ᣣᄢ⛔㗔ߩᣣ

2 ᦬ 19 ᣣᤐቄભᬺ

4 ᦬ 2㧙6 ᣣᚢᓎ዁౓⸥ᔨᣣ

5 ᦬ 28 ᣣ᝼ᬺᦨ⚳ᣣ

6 ᦬ 21 ᣣ಴ᚲ㧕A 㜞ᩞߢ෼㓸ߒߚ⾗ᢱࠃࠅ‫ޕ‬ ᰴߦᵈ⋡ߔߴ߈ߎߣߪ㧘ߎߩ⴫ߩᣂቇᦼ㧔⑺ቇᦼ㧕㐿ᆎ߇ 9 ᦬ 5 ᣣߢ޽ࠅ㧘ᤐቇᦼ㐿ᆎ߇ 2
᦬ 6 ᣣߣߥߞߡ޿ࠆߎߣߢ޽ࠆ‫ࠅ߹ߟޕ‬㧘A 㜞ᩞߪ 2 ቇᦼ೙ࠍណ↪ߒߡ޿ࠆߎߣࠍᗧ๧ߔࠆ‫ޕ‬ቇᦼߪቇ඙ߢ⛔৻ߐࠇߡ޿ࠆߩߢቇ඙ౝߩઁߩ㜞ᩞߢ߽ห᭽ߢ޽ࠆ‫ߡߒߘޕ‬㧘ભᬺᦼ㑆ࠍᏅߒᒁߊߣ㧘ฦቇᦼߪ 19 ㅳ㑆ߩ᝼ᬺᣣߢ᭴ᚑߐࠇߡ޿ࠆߎߣ߽ߎߩ⴫߆ࠄ᣿ࠄ߆ߦߥࠆ‫ࠅ߹ߟޕ‬㧘ᐕ㑆 38 ㅳߣ޿߁ߎߣߦߥࠆ‫ޕ‬߹ߚ㧘Ფㅳߩ᝼ᬺᣣߪ᦬ᦐᣣ߆ࠄ㊄ᦐᣣ߹ߢߢ޽ࠅ㧘࿯ᦐᣣߣᣣᦐᣣ߇ભᬺᣣߣߥࠆߎߣ߽
ቇ඙ߢ⛔৻ߐࠇߡ޿ࠆ‫ ⴫ߩߎޕ‬1㧙1 ߦ⸥ߐࠇߡ޿ࠆ‫ޟ‬ᓳຬァੱߩᣣ‫ޟ߿ޠ‬ᗵ⻢⑂‫ߪ╬ޠ‬㧘࿖ߩ␸ᣣߢ޽ࠅ㧘ߎߩቇ඙ߦ㒢ࠄߕߤߩ౏┙ቇᩞ߽ભᬺᣣߣߥࠆ㧔⑳┙ቇᩞߩ႐วߪᔅߕߒ߽␸
ᣣ㧛ભᬺᣣߦߥࠆߣߪ㒢ࠄߥ޿㧕‫ࠇߘޕ‬એᄖߩભᬺᣣߪ㧘ㅪ⛯ߒߚ߽ߩߣߒߡ㧘‫ޟ‬౻ቄભᬺ‫ߣޠ‬‫ޟ‬ᤐቄભᬺ‫ޕࠆ޽߇ޠ‬೨⠪ߪ㧘ᐕᧃᐕᆎߩ㊀ⷐߥⴕ੐ࠍ฽ࠎߢ޿ࠆߚ߼ 19 ᣣ㑆ߦ෸߱Ყセ⊛㐳޿߽ߩߣߥߞߡ޿ࠆ‫ޕ‬ᓟ⠪ߪ㧘೨ᓟߩ࿯ᦐᣣ㧘ᣣᦐᣣࠍട߃ߡ 9 ᣣ㑆ߩભᬺߣߥߞߡ޿ࠆ߇㧘⑺ቇᦼߢߩਛભߺߣߥࠆ‫ޟ‬౻ቄભᬺ‫ߣޠ‬ห᭽ߦ㧘ᤐቇᦼ߽‫ޟ‬ᤐቄભᬺ‫⸳ࠍޠ‬ቯߔࠆߎߣߦࠃߞ
ߡ㧘↢ᓤߦ‫৻ޟ‬ᕷߟ߆ߖࠆ‫߁޿ߣޠ‬ᗧ๧߇޽ࠆࠃ߁ߢ޽ࠆ‫ޕ‬ߐࠄߦ㧘ߎߩ⴫ߦߪ␜ߐࠇߡ޿ߥ޿߇㧘ᐕ 14 ᣣ㑆㧘ౕ૕⊛ߦߪἫᦐᣣߩඦᓟߩᢎຬ⎇ୃߩߚ߼ߦቇᩞో૕ߢ⍴❗᝼ᬺߦߥߞߡ޿ࠆ‫ ߪࠇߎޕ‬A 㜞ᩞߦ㒢ߞߚߎߣߢߪߥߊߤߩ㜞ᩞߦ߽ሽ࿷ߔࠆ߽ߩߢ޽ࠆ‫ޕ‬

―4―㧟㧚ࠕࡔ࡝ࠞߩᢎ⢒⺖⒟
㧔㧝㧕ㆬᛯ೙ߣන૏೙ ࠕࡔ࡝ࠞߩ㜞ᩞࠍ⸰໧ߒߚ㓙ߦ㧘⺕߽߇ᦨೋߦᗵߓࠆᣣᧄߣߩᄢ߈ߥ⋧㆑ὐߪ㧘‫ޟ‬1 ᐕ 2 ⚵‫ޠ‬ߣ޿߁ࠃ߁ߥࠢ࡜ࠬ߇ሽ࿷ߒߥ޿ߎߣߢ޽ࠆ‫ޕ‬ઍࠊࠅߦ㧘ฦᢎຬ߇ߘࠇߙࠇߩᢎቶࠍ⥄ಽߩᢎቶߣߒߡ▤ℂߒ㧘ߘߎߢᲤᣣ᝼ᬺḰ஻߿᝼ᬺࠍታ〣ߒߡ޿ࠆ‫ޕ‬ᢎቶߩ㓈ߦߪᢎຬ⥄りߩ᧍߿ࠦࡦࡇࡘ࡯࠲╬߽஻߃ઃߌࠄࠇ㧘╵᩺ߩណὐ૞ᬺ߽ߎߎߢⴕߞߡ޿ࠆ‫ޕ‬ᣣᧄߩࠃ߁ߦ⡯ຬቶ߇ሽ࿷ߒߥ޿ߚ߼㧘ᢎຬߪൕോᤨ㑆ߩ߶ߣࠎߤࠍ⥄ಽߩᢎቶߢㆊߏߔߎߣߦߥࠆ‫ޕ‬ࡠࠨࡦ࠯࡞ࠬ⛔วቇ඙ߩⷙቯߢߪ㧘ᢎຬߪㅳ 25 ᤨ㑆ߩ᝼ᬺࠍⴕ߁ߎߣ߇᳞߼ࠄࠇߡ޿ࠆߚ
߼㧘᝼ᬺᤨ㑆߇ 1 ᣣ 6 ᤨ㒢ߩ㜞ᩞߩ႐ว㧘Ფᣣ 5 ᤨ㒢ಽߩ᝼ᬺࠍⴕ޿㧘1 ᤨ㒢ߪ᝼ᬺߩḰ஻╬ߩᤨ㑆ߦలߡࠆߎߣߦߥࠆ‫ޕ‬᝼ᬺᤨ㑆ߦߥࠆߣ㧘↢ᓤ߇ᢎຬߩᢎቶߢฃ⻠ߒ㧘⚳ੌߔࠆߣㅌ಴
ߔࠆߎߣߦߥߞߡ޿ࠆ‫ࠅ߹ߟޕ‬㧘ᢎຬߢߪߥߊ㧘↢ᓤ߇⒖േߔࠆᣇᑼߢ޽ࠆ‫ޕ‬ㅒߦ⸒߃߫㧘↢ᓤߦߪᣣᧄߩࠃ߁ߥ⥄ಽ㆐ߩᢎቶ߇ߥ޿ߚ߼㧘ⓨ޿ߚᤨ㑆╬ߪ㧘ࠞࡈࠚ࠹࡝
ࠕߢㆊߏߔߎߣ߇᥉ㅢߢ޽ࠆ‫ߚ߹ޕ‬㧘ᑈਅߦ୘ੱߩ⩄‛ࠍ଻▤ߢ߈ࠆࡠ࠶ࠞ࡯߇஻߃ઃߌࠄࠇ
ߡ޿ࠆߩ߽ࠕࡔ࡝ࠞߩ㜞ᩞߩ৻⥸⊛ߥ․ᓽߢ޽ࠆ‫ߡߒߘޕ‬㧘ᄢቇߩ⻠⟵ߩࠃ߁ߦ↢ᓤ⥄り߇᝼ᬺࠍㆬᛯߔࠆߚ߼㧘ᢎቶౝ߇⇣ቇᐕߩ↢ᓤߢ᭴ᚑߐࠇࠆߎߣ߽⃟ߒߊߥ޿‫߇ࠬ࡜ࠢޕ‬ሽ࿷ߒߥ޿ߎߣߦ↱᧪ߔࠆ↢ᓤ߳ߩᓇ㗀ߦߟ޿ߡߪ㧘ࡊ࡜ࠬ㕙㧘ࡑࠗ࠽ࠬ㕙ߣ߽ߦ޽ࠈ߁߇㧘ߎࠇ߇ࠕࡔ࡝ࠞߩ㜞ᩞߩᄢ߈ߥ․ᓽߩ৻ߟߢ޽ࠆߣ⸒߃ࠃ߁‫ޕ‬
ߐࠄߦ㊀ⷐߥ․ᓽߣߒߡᜰ៰ߢ߈ࠆߎߣߪ㧘↢ᓤߩቇജᏅߩ໧㗴ߢ޽ࠆ‫⟵ޕ‬ോᢎ⢒Ბ㓏ߢߪߥ޿ᣣᧄߩ㜞ᩞߪ㧘૗ࠄ߆ߩㆬᛮ⹜㛎㧔౉ቇ⹜㛎㧕߇ሽ࿷ߒߡ޿ࠆߚ߼㧘ฦ㜞ᩞౝߩ↢ᓤߩቇജ᏷߇Ყセ⊛ዊߐ޿‫ઁޕ‬ᣇ㧘ࠕࡔ࡝ࠞߩ㜞ᩞ㧘․ߦ⟵ോᢎ⢒Ბ㓏ߢ޽ࠆࡠࠨࡦ࠯࡞ࠬ⛔วቇ඙ߩࠃ߁ߥ㜞ᩞߢߪ㧘ߘ߁ߒߚ૗ࠄ߆ߩㆬᛮ⹜㛎ࠍ⚻ߡ↢ᓤ߇౉ቇߒߡ޿ࠆࠊߌߢߪߥ޿ߩߢᓐ
ࠄߩቇജᏅ߇ᭂ߼ߡᄢ߈޿ߣ޿߁․ᓽ߇޽ࠆ‫ߚ߹ޕ‬㧘↢ᓤฦੱߩᏗᦸㅴ〝߽ᄙ᭽ߢ޽ࠅ㧘ዞ⡯Ꮧᦸ⠪߽ᄢቇㅴቇᏗᦸ⠪߽ߣ߽ߦ࿷☋ߒߡ޿ࠆ‫ߦࠄߐޕ‬ᄢቇㅴቇᏗᦸ⠪ߢ߽㧘ᔒᦸᄢቇߪߐ߹
ߑ߹ߢ޽ࠅ㧘↢ᓤฦੱߪᔒᦸᩞߦ⷗วߞߚ࡟ࡌ࡞ߩቇ⠌ࠍߔࠆᔅⷐ߇޽ࠆ‫ߚߒ߁ߎޕ‬ℂ↱߆ࠄ߽㧘㜞ᩞ஥ߪ᝼ᬺ⑼⋡ࠍㆬᛯ೙ߦߒߡ޿ࠆߩߢ޽ࠆ‫ޕ‬ ↢ᓤߩ᝼ᬺ⑼⋡ߩㆬᛯߦ㑐ߒߡ㊀ⷐߥᓎഀࠍᨐߚߔߩ߇㧘ฦ㜞ᩞߦⶄᢙൕോߒߡ޿ࠆࠬࠢ࡯
࡞ࠞ࠙ࡦ࠮࡜࡯ߢ޽ࠆ‫ޕ‬ᣣᧄߩ㜞ᩞߩࠃ߁ߦࠢ࡜ࠬᜂછ߇ሽ࿷ߒߥ޿ࠕࡔ࡝ࠞߩ㜞ᩞ↢ߦߣߞߡ㧘ࠬࠢ࡯࡞ࠞ࠙ࡦ࠮࡜࡯ߪ㧘ᖠߺ੐ߩ⋧⺣⋧ᚻߣ޿߁ᓎഀߛߌߢߪߥߊ㧘ቇᬺ㕙ࠍ฽߼ߚ㧘޿ࠊࠁࠆ‫ޟ‬ᜂછ‫ߩޠ‬ᓎഀࠍᜂߞߡ޿ࠆ‫ޕ‬B 㜞ᩞߩࠤ࡯ࠬߢߺࠇ߫㧘ࠞ࠙ࡦ࠮࡜࡯1 ੱ߇ᩞౝߩ
↢ᓤࠍ 100 ੱ߆ࠄ 200 ੱฃߌᜬߜ㧔ฦࠞ࠙ࡦ࠮࡜࡯ߦߪ㧘ࠕ࡞ࡈࠔࡌ࠶࠻㗅ߦᜂᒰ↢ᓤ߇ᯏ᪾⊛ߦഀࠅᝄࠄࠇߡ޿ࠆ㧕㧘ᓐࠄߩጁୃ⁁ᴫࠍ࠴ࠚ࠶ࠢߒߡ޿ࠆ‫ߩߘޕ‬ℂ↱ߪ㧘ᓐࠄ߇ᧄᒰߦ㜞ᩞතᬺ߿ᄢቇㅴቇߦᔅⷐߥ᝼ᬺ⑼⋡ࠍጁୃߒߡ޿ࠆ߆ߤ߁߆ࠍ࠴ࠚ࠶ࠢߔࠆੱ߇޿ߥ޿ߣ㧘✚න૏ᢙߪḩߚߒߡ޿ࠆߦ߽㑐ࠊࠄߕතᬺߢ߈ߥ޿ߣ޿ߞߚࠤ࡯ࠬ߇಴ߡߊࠆ߆ࠄߢ޽ࠆ‫ߚ߹ޕ‬ᄙ
᭽ߥ᝼ᬺ⑼⋡߇ឭଏߐࠇࠆ⁁ᴫߢߪ㧘↢ᓤฦੱߩ࡟ࡌ࡞ߦ޽ߞߚ᝼ᬺ⑼⋡ࠍጁୃߒߡ޿ࠆ߆ߣ
޿߁໧㗴߽ᭂ߼ߡ㊀ⷐߢ޽ࠆ‫ޕ‬หߓฬ⒓ߩ⑼⋡ߢ޽ߞߡ߽ A ߿ B ߣ޿ߞߚ⇣ߥࠆ࡟ࡌ࡞߇ឭଏ

―5―ߐࠇߡ߅ࠅ㧘ጁୃߔߴ߈⑼⋡ࠍ㑆㆑߃ࠆߎߣ߽⠨߃ࠄࠇࠆ߆ࠄߢ޽ࠆ‫߼ߚߩߎޕ‬㧘B 㜞ᩞߢߪ⑼⋡ጁୃߦߟ޿ߡߪ㧘ࠞ࠙ࡦ࠮࡜࡯ߣ੐೨ߦ⋧⺣ߒ㧘ᓐࠄߩᛚ⹺ࠍᓧߚ਄ߢጁୃߔࠆߎߣߦߥ
ߞߡ޿ࠆ‫ߚ߹ޕ‬㧘ቯᦼ⊛ߥ㕙⺣એᄖߦ߽㧘ࠞ࠙ࡦ࠮࡜࡯߇㧘଀߃߫ቇᬺਇᝄߩళ୥߇⷗ࠄࠇࠆ
↢ᓤࠍ⊒⷗ߔࠇ߫㧘ߘߩ↢ᓤࠍ๭ࠎߢේ࿃ߩⓥ᣿ߣᡷༀߩߚ߼ߩࠕ࠼ࡃ߽ࠗࠬߒߡ޿ࠆ‫ޕ‬ߎߩࠃ߁ߦ㧘↢ᓤ⥄りߩㆬᛯࠍၮᧄߣߔࠆࠕࡔ࡝ࠞߩ㜞ᩞᢎ⢒⺖⒟ߢ޽ࠆ߇㧘ߘ߽ߘ߽ో☨⛔৻ߩᢎ⢒⺖⒟ߪሽ࿷ߖߕ㧘Ꮊ߇ᢎ⢒⺖⒟ߦߟ޿ߡࠟࠗ࠼࡜ࠗࡦࠍ␜ߒ㧘ታ⾰⊛ߦߪቇ඙߇ߘ
ࠇࠍ▤ℂ࡮ᛚ⹺ߒߡ޿ࠆߎߣ߽ߘߩ․ᓽߣߒߡ᜼ߍࠄࠇࠆ‫┙౏ߡߞ߇ߚߒޕ‬㜞ᩞߩ႐ว㧘තᬺߦᔅⷐߥන૏ᢙߪቇ඙ߏߣߦ⇣ߥࠅ㧘ࡠࠨࡦ࠯࡞ࠬ⛔วቇ඙ߩ႐วߪ㧘એਅߩ⴫ 1㧙2 ߩࠃ߁ߦߥߞߡ޿ࠆ‫ޕ‬⴫㧝㧙㧞 ࡠࠨࡦ࠯࡞ࠬ⛔วቇ඙ 㜞ᩞතᬺߦᔅⷐߥන૏ᢙ

ᢎ⑼

㜞ᩞතᬺߦᔅⷐߥන૏

␠ળ㧔#  න૏

⧷⺆㧔$㧕 න૏

ᢙቇ㧔%  න૏

ታ㛎⑼ቇ㧔&  න૏

ᄖ࿖⺆㧔'㧕ߥߒᤋ௝࡮⥰บ⧓ⴚ㧔(  න૏ᔕ↪ᛛⴚ න૏ㆬᛯ㧔)㧕 න૏૕⢒ න૏଻ஜ න૏࡜ࠗࡈࠬࠠ࡞ න૏಴ᚲ㧕LosAngelesUnifiedSchoolDistrict 2003 20032007GraduationRequirements
andMinimumCollegeAdmissioňAG̍Requirements㧔ㇱಽ㧕
ߎߩ⴫ 1㧙2 ߩߣ߅ࠅ㧘ࡠࠨࡦ࠯࡞ࠬ⛔วቇ඙ߩ႐ว㧘㜞ᩞතᬺߦᔅⷐߥ✚න૏ᢙߪ 230 න૏ߢ޽ࠆ‫ߒߛߚޕ‬㧘තᬺᤨ߹ߢߦ 230 න૏ߘࠈߞߡ޿ࠇ߫ࠃ޿ߣ޿߁ࠊߌߢߪߥߊ㧘╙ 9 ቇᐕߩ⚳ੌᤨߦߪ 55 න૏㧘╙ 10 ቇᐕ⚳ੌᤨߦ 110 න૏㧘╙ 11 ቇᐕ⚳ੌᤨߦߪ 170 න૏ࠍขᓧߒ
ߡ޿ߥߌࠇ߫㧘ේ⚖⇐⟎㧔⇐ᐕ㧕ߐߖࠆߎߣߦߥߞߡ޿ࠆ‫ޕ‬තᬺߦ㑐ߒߡ߽߁৻ὐᵈᗧ߇ᔅⷐߥߎߣߪ㧘230 න૏ࠍḩߚߔߎߣߦട߃ߡ㧘ࠞ࡝ࡈࠜ࡞࠾
ࠕ㜞ᩞතᬺ⹜㛎㧔CaliforniaHighSchoolExitExamination㧕ߦวᩰߔࠆᔅⷐ߇޽ࠆߎߣߢ
޽ࠆ‫ߪࠇߎޕ‬㧘㜞ᩞතᬺߩ⾰଻⸽ߩⷰὐ߆ࠄ‫⺆⧷ޟ‬㧔࿖⺆㧕‫ޟߣޠ‬ᢙቇ‫ߩޠ‬ၮ␆⊛ߥቇജࠍߺࠆ
⹜㛎ߢ޽ࠆ߇㧘╙ 10 ቇᐕߢ 1 ࿁㧘╙ 11㧘12 ቇᐕߢߘࠇߙࠇ 3 ࿁ߩฃ㛎߇น⢻ߢ޽ࠆ‫↢ޕ‬ᓤ

―6―ߦࠃߞߡߪ╙ 10 ቇᐕߩᲑ㓏ߢᣧ‫ߣޘ‬วᩰߔࠆࠤ࡯߽ࠬ಴ߡߊࠆ߇㧘ߥ߆ߦߪ╙ 12 ቇᐕߢߩ 3࿁⋡ߩ⹜㛎ߢ߽วᩰߦ㆐ߒߥ޿↢ᓤ߽಴ߡߊࠆ‫ߩߎޕ‬႐วߪ㧘ᱷᔨߥ߇ࠄතᬺߢ߈ߥ޿ߎߣߦ
ߥࠆ‫ޕ‬
ߘߒߡߎߩ⴫ 1㧙2 ߩߣ߅ࠅ㧘ᢎ⑼ߩ㗔ၞࠍ 11 ߦಽߌߡߘࠇߙࠇᔅⷐන૏ᢙࠍ⸳ߌߡ޿ࠆߎ
ߣ߽ᵈ⋡ߦ୯ߔࠆ‫ߚ߹ޕ‬㧘ߎߩ⴫ࠍߺࠇ߫᣿ࠄ߆ߥࠃ߁ߦ㧘‫ޟ‬ᄖ࿖⺆‫߇ޠ‬තᬺන૏ߣߒߡߪ⸳ߌ
ࠄࠇߡ޿ߥ޿ߎߣߪᣣᧄߣᄢ߈ߊ⇣ߥߞߡ޿ࠆ‫ࠅ߹ߟޕ‬㜞ᩞතᬺߩߚ߼ߛߌߢ޽ࠇ߫‫ޟ‬ᄖ࿖⺆‫ޠ‬ࠍቇ߱ᔅⷐ߇ߥ޿ߎߣߦߥࠆ‫ߒߛߚޕ‬㧘ᓟㅀߔࠆߣ߅ࠅ㧘ᄢቇㅴቇߣߩ㑐ଥߢ‫ޟ‬ᄖ࿖⺆‫ߪޠ‬ጁୃߒߡ߅ߊᔅⷐ߇޽ࠆߩߢ㧘ታ㓙ߦߪᄙߊߩ↢ᓤ߇‫ޟ‬ᄖ࿖⺆‫߽ޠ‬ቇ⠌ߒߡ޿ࠆ‫ߩߎޕ‬ὐߦ㑐ㅪߒߡ㧘ᢎ⑼ߩߥ߆ߦߪ㧔A㧕ߣ߆㧔B㧕߇ઃߖࠄࠇߡ޿ࠆ߽ߩ߇޽ࠆ߇㧘ߎࠇࠄߩࠕ࡞ࡈࠔࡌ࠶
࠻ߪ㧘ᄢቇㅴቇߩ㓙ߦᔅⷐߦߥߞߡߊࠆᢎ⑼㗔ၞߢ޽ࠆߎߣࠍᗧ๧ߔࠆ‫ߩߎޕ‬ὐ߽ᓟㅀߔࠆ߇㧘৻⸒ߢ⸒߃߫㧘‫ޟ‬ᔕ↪ᛛⴚ‫ޟ߿ޠ‬૕⢒‫ߪޠ‬㜞ᩞතᬺߩߚ߼ߦߪᔅⷐߢ޽ࠆ߇㧘ᄢቇㅴቇߦ޽ߚߞ
ߡߪ㧘㜞ᩞᤨઍߩᚑ❣ᐔဋὐ GradePointAverageGPA ߩߥ߆ߦߪ฽߹ࠇߥ޿ߩߢ޽ࠆ‫ޕ‬ ᢎ⑼ߦߟ޿ߡߺࠆߣ㧘‫␠ޟ‬ળ‫ౕߩ߆ߥߩޠ‬૕⊛ߥ⑼⋡ߣߒߡ㧘A 㜞ᩞߩ႐ว㧘‫ޟ‬਎⇇ผ‫ޠ‬
㧘
‫ࠕޟ‬
‫ޟ‬ታ㛎
ࡔ࡝ࠞผ‫ޠ‬㧘‫ޟ‬࿾ℂ‫ޠ‬㧘‫ࠞ࡝ࡔࠕޟ‬᳃ਥਥ⟵ߩේℂ‫ ╬ޠ‬13 ⑼⋡߽ឭଏߐࠇߡ޿ࠆ‫ߚ߹ޕ‬㧘⑼ቇ‫ߪߣޠ‬ᣣᧄߩ‫ޟ‬ℂ⑼‫⋧ߦޠ‬ᒰߒ㧘ౕ૕⊛ߥ⑼⋡ߣߒߡߪ㧘‫ޠ‛↢ޟ‬
㧘‫ޟ‬࿾ቇ‫ޠ‬㧘‫ޟ‬ൻቇ‫ޠ‬㧘‫‛ޟ‬ℂ‫ޠ‬╬ߢ޽ࠅ㧘ᣣᧄߣᄢᏅߥ޿‫ޕ‬‫ޟ‬ᤋ௝࡮⥰บ⧓ⴚ‫ߥࠢ࡯࠾࡙ߪޠ‬ᢎ⑼ߣ⸒߃ࠆ߇㧘ౕ૕⊛ߥ⑼⋡ࠍߺࠆߣ㧘‫ޠࡦࠗࠩ࠺ޟ‬㧘‫ޠⴚ⟤ޟ‬
㧘‫ޠࡓ࡞ࠖࡈޟ‬㧘‫ޠࡁࠕࡇޟ‬㧘‫ޠ࡯࠲ࠡޟ‬㧘‫ޟ‬Ṷ഍‫╬ޠ‬㧘ᣣᧄࠃࠅ߽߆ߥ
ࠅᄙ᭽ߥ⧓ⴚࠍㆬᛯߢ߈ࠆࠃ߁ߢ޽ࠆ‫ޕ‬‫ޟ‬ᔕ↪ᛛⴚ‫ޟߪߣޠ‬౮⌀‫ޠ‬㧘‫ޠࡦࠗࠩ࠺ޟ‬㧘‫╬ޠࡠࡊ࡯ࡢޟ‬㧘ࠦࡦࡇࡘ࡯࠲ߣ㑐ଥߒߚ߽ߩ߇ᄙ޿߇㧘ߎߎߦߪ‫⥄ޟ‬േゞᢛ஻‫ᧁޟ߿ޠ‬Ꮏ‫߽ޠ‬฽߹ࠇߡ޿ࠆ‫ޕ‬
ߎߩᢎ⑼߽߆ߥࠅᄙᓀߢ޽ࠆߎߣ߇ࠊ߆ࠆ‫ߚ߹ޕ‬㧘‫଻ޟߪޠ࡞ࠠࠬࡈࠗ࡜ޟ‬ஜ‫ߦޠ‬ㄭߊ㧘␠ળ↢ᵴ਄⍮ߞߡ߅ߊߴ߈ߎߣࠍቇ߱ᢎ⑼ߣߥߞߡ޿ࠆ‫ޕ‬ߐࠄߦ㧘න૏ᢙߦᵈ⋡ߔࠆߣ㧘ᢎ⑼ߣߒߡߪ 40 න૏ࠍᔅⷐߣߔࠆ‫⺆⧷ޟ‬㧔࿖⺆㧕‫߽ᦨ߇ޠ‬㊀
ⷞߐࠇߡ޿ࠆߎߣ߇ࠊ߆ࠆ‫ޟ߇ࠖ࠹࡝ࡁࠗࡑޕ‬ᄙᢙ‫ࠍޠ‬භ߼ࠆቇᩞ߇ᄙ޿ࡠࠨࡦ࠯࡞ࠬ⛔วቇ඙ߦ߅޿ߡ㧘
‫ޠ⺆⧷ޟ‬㊀ⷞߩᆫ൓߇ߎߩὐ߆ࠄ߽⷗ߡขࠇࠆ‫ޕ‬਄ㅀߒߚߣ߅ࠅ㧘ߘߩ৻ᣇߢ‫ޟ‬ᄖ࿖⺆‫ߪޠ‬තᬺන૏ߦߪ฽߹ࠇߡ޿ߥ޿ߣ޿߁ὐ߽⥝๧ᷓ޿‫ߚ߹ޕ‬㧘‫⺆⧷ޟ‬㧔࿖⺆㧕‫ߦޠ‬Ყߒߡ‫ޟ‬ᢙቇ‫ߩޠ‬න૏߇ࠊߕ߆ 20 න૏ߢ޽ࠅ㧘ߎߩᢙሼߪ᳿ߒߡᄙ޿߽ߩߢߪߥ޿‫ޕ‬ ߹ߚ㧘ㆬᛯ೙ࠍ෻ᤋߒߡ㧘‫ޟ‬ㆬᛯ‫ޠ‬㗔ၞ߇ 70 න૏߽භ߼ࠄࠇߡ޿ࠆߎߣ߽ߘߩ․ᓽߣߒߡᜰ
៰ߢ߈ࠆ‫ޕ‬ᓟㅀߔࠆߣ߅ࠅ㧘ᄢቇㅴቇࠍᏗᦸߔࠆ↢ᓤߦߣߞߡߪ㧘ߘߩߚ߼ߩጁୃ᧦ઙࠍḩߚߔᔅⷐ߇޽ࠅ㧘ታ㓙ߪ‫ޟ߿ޠ⺆⧷ޟ‬ᢙቇ‫ࠍ╬ޠ‬ጁୃߔࠆߎߣߦߥࠆ߇㧘ߘߩ৻ᣇߢ㧘ᄙ᭽ߥㅴ〝Ꮧᦸߣᄙ᭽ߥቇജߩ↢ᓤ߇࿷☋ߔࠆ⟵ോᢎ⢒Ბ㓏ߩ㜞ᩞߩ႐ว㧘ߎߩ‫ޟ‬ㆬᛯ‫ߩޠ‬න૏ࠍ‫ޟ‬ᤋ௝࡮⥰บ⧓ⴚ‫ޠ‬㧘‫ޟ‬ᔕ↪ᛛⴚ‫ޟ߿ޠ‬૕⢒‫ޠ‬ᢎ⑼ߩߥ߆ߩ⑼⋡ߢḩߚߔ↢ᓤ߽޿ࠆ‫ࠎࠈߜ߽ޕ‬තᬺߔࠆߚ߼ߦߪ⴫ 1㧙2 ߩන૏ၮḰࠍḩߚߒߡ޿ࠇ߫ߤࠎߥ⑼⋡ࠍㆬᛯߒߡ߽ࠃ޿ߩߢ޽ࠅ㧘ታ㓙ߦߪ㧘ࠬࠢ࡯࡞ࠞ࠙ࡦ࠮࡜࡯ߣ዁᧪ߩㅴ〝߿ᧄੱߩቇᬺᚑ❣ࠍ߽ߣߦ⋧⺣ߒߥ߇ࠄౕ૕⊛ߥ
⑼⋡ࠍㆬᛯߒߡ޿ߊߎߣߦߥࠆߩߢ޽ࠆ‫ޕ‬―7―㧔㧞㧕ᄢቇㅴቇߩߚ߼ߩጁୃⷐઙ ᣢㅀߩߣ߅ࠅ㧘ࠕࡔ࡝ࠞߩ㜞ᩞᢎ⢒⺖⒟ߩ․ᓽߩ৻ߟߣߒߡᜰ៰ߢ߈ࠆߎߣߪ㧘ㆬᛯ೙߇ၮ
ᧄߢ޽ࠆߣ޿߁ߎߣߢ޽ࠆ‫ߒߛߚޕ‬㧘ቢోߥ⥄↱ㆬᛯ೙ߢߪߥߊ㧘㜞ᩞතᬺߩߚ߼ߦߪ㧘ฦᢎ⑼ߢ᳞߼ࠄࠇࠆන૏ᢙࠍߘࠇߙࠇḩߚߒߡ޿߆ߥߌࠇ߫ߥࠄߥ޿ߎߣ߽ߺߡ߈ߚ‫ߩߎޕ‬ὐߦ㑐ㅪߒߡ㧘ᄢቇㅴቇߩߚ߼ߦߪ㧘ߎߩතᬺⷐઙߣߪ೎ߦᄢቇ஥߇᳞߼ࠆⷐઙ߽ḩߚߒߡ߅߆ߥߌ
ࠇ߫ߥࠄߥ޿ߎߣ߽ᵈᗧ߇ᔅⷐߢ޽ࠆ‫ࠅ߹ߟޕ‬㧘ߎࠇߪᄢቇߦ಴㗿ߔࠆߚ߼ߩ೨ឭ᧦ઙߣߥࠆ
⴫㧝㧙㧟 ᄢቇㅴቇߩߚ߼ߩ♽೉೎ጁୃⷐઙ
ᢎ⑼

ࠞ࡝ࡈࠜ࡞࠾ࠕᄢቇ♽೉

␠ળ㧔A 

2 ᐕ㑆ጁୃ㧔‫ޟ‬਎⇇ผ‫ޠ‬or‫ࠞ࡝ࡔࠕޟ‬ผ‫ޠ‬or‫ࠞ࡝ࡔࠕޟ‬᳃ਥਥ⟵ߩේℂ‫ޠ‬㧕⧷⺆㧔B㧕

4 ᐕ㑆ጁୃ㧔‫ޟ‬ᄢቇḰ஻⧷⺆‫߽ޠ‬฽߻㧕ᢙቇ㧔C 

3 ᐕ㑆ጁୃ㧔‫ޟ‬ઍᢙ㧝‫ޠ‬㧘‫ޟ‬ᐞ૗‫ޠ‬㧘‫ޟ‬ઍᢙ㧞‫ޠ‬㧘ࠃࠅᄙߊߩጁୃࠍផᅑ㧕ታ㛎⑼ቇ㧔D 

2 ᐕ㑆ጁୃ㧔ࠃࠅᄙߊߩጁୃࠍᅑബ㧕ᄖ࿖⺆㧔E㧕2 ᐕ㑆ห৻⸒⺆ጁୃ㧔ࠃࠅᄙߊߩጁୃࠍᅑബ㧕ᤋ௝࡮⥰บ⧓ⴚ㧔F

หߓ㗔ၞߢ 2 ࠮ࡔࠬ࠲࡯ጁୃ

ㆬᛯ㧔G㧕

ᢙ㧘⧓㧘⧷㧘⑼㧘ᄖ㧘␠ߩ߁ߜ਄⚖ࠦ࡯ࠬ 1 ᐕ㑆એ਄ߩጁୃ

ᢎ⑼

ࠞ࡝ࡈࠜ࡞࠾ࠕᎺ┙ᄢቇ♽೉

␠ળ㧔A 

2 ᐕ㑆ጁୃ㧔‫ޟ‬਎⇇ผ‫ޠ‬or‫ࠞ࡝ࡔࠕޟ‬ผ‫ޠ‬or‫ࠞ࡝ࡔࠕޟ‬᳃ਥਥ⟵ߩේℂ‫ޠ‬㧕⧷⺆㧔B㧕

4 ᐕ㑆ጁୃ㧔‫ޟ‬ᄢቇḰ஻⧷⺆‫߽ޠ‬฽߻㧕ᢙቇ㧔C 

3 ᐕ㑆ጁୃ㧔‫ޟ‬ઍᢙ㧝‫ޠ‬㧘‫ޟ‬ᐞ૗‫ޠ‬㧘‫ޟ‬ઍᢙ㧞‫ޠ‬㧘ࠃࠅᄙߊߩጁୃࠍផᅑ㧕ታ㛎⑼ቇ㧔D 

2 ᐕ㑆ጁୃ㧔ࠃࠅᄙߊߩጁୃࠍᅑബ㧕ᄖ࿖⺆㧔E㧕2 ᐕ㑆ห৻⸒⺆ጁୃᤋ௝࡮⥰บ⧓ⴚ㧔F

หߓ㗔ၞߢ 2 ࠮ࡔࠬ࠲࡯ጁୃ

ㆬᛯ㧔G㧕

ᢙ㧘⧓㧘⧷㧘⑼㧘ᄖ㧘␠ߩ߁ߜ਄⚖ࠦ࡯ࠬ 1 ᐕ㑆ߩጁୃ

ᢎ⑼

⑳┙ᄢቇ♽೉

␠ળ㧔A 

‫ޟ‬਎⇇ผ‫ޠ‬㧘‫ࠞ࡝ࡔࠕޟ‬᳃ਥਥ⟵ߩේℂ‫ޠ‬㧘ᄢቇḰ஻ㆬᛯ⑼⋡ฃ⻠ࠍᅑബ⧷⺆㧔B㧕

4 ᐕ㑆ጁୃ㧔‫ޟ‬ᄢቇḰ஻⧷⺆‫߽ޠ‬฽߻㧕ᢙቇ㧔C 

Ფᐕ‫ޟ‬ᄢቇḰ஻ᢙቇ‫ߩޠ‬ጁୃታ㛎⑼ቇ㧔D 

3 ᐕ㑆߆ࠄ 4 ᐕ㑆ߩጁୃᄖ࿖⺆㧔E㧕

3 ᐕ㑆߆ࠄ 4 ᐕ㑆ߩጁୃᤋ௝࡮⥰บ⧓ⴚ㧔F

ㆬᛯ⑼⋡ߣߒߡᛒ߁

ㆬᛯ㧔G㧕

㑐ᔃߩ޽ࠆಽ㊁ߩᄢቇḰ஻ㆬᛯ⑼⋡಴ᚲ㧕LosAngelesUnifiedSchoolDistrict(2003)20032007GraduationRequirementsandMinimumCollegeAdmission“AG”Requirements ㇱಽ 

―8―߽ߩߢ޽ࠅ㧘⴫ 1㧙3 ߪࡠࠨࡦ࠯࡞ࠬ⛔วቇ඙ߩ޽ࠆࠞ࡝ࡈࠜ࡞࠾ࠕᎺߩᄢቇㅴቇߩߚ߼ߩⷐ
ઙࠍ␜ߒߚ߽ߩߢ޽ࠆ‫ޕ‬ ๟⍮ߩߣ߅ࠅ㧘ࠞ࡝ࡈࠜ࡞࠾ࠕᎺߩ㜞╬ᢎ⢒㧔౏┙㧕ߪ 3 ࠲ࠗࡊ㧘ߔߥࠊߜᄢቇ㒮ᢎ⢒ߦജࠍ౉ࠇࠆࠞ࡝ࡈࠜ࡞࠾ࠕᄢቇ㧔UniversityofCaliforniaUC㧕♽೉㧘ቇㇱᢎ⢒ߦജࠍ౉ࠇࠆ
ࠞ࡝ࡈࠜ࡞࠾ࠕᎺ┙ᄢቇ㧔CaliforniaStateUniversity㧕♽೉㧘࿾ၞ૑᳃ߦᐢߊ㐷ᚭࠍ㐿޿ߚ
2 ᐕ೙ߩࠦࡒࡘ࠾࠹ࠖࠞ࡟࠶ࠫ㧔CommunityCollege㧕♽೉ߦಽ㘃ߐࠇߡ޿ࠆ‫┙⑳ߡߒߘޕ‬ᄢቇ߽ඳ჻⺖⒟ߦജࠍ౉ࠇࠆᄢቇ߆ࠄ 2 ᐕ೙ߩᄢቇ߹ߢᄙ⒳ᄙ᭽ߢ޽ࠆ߇㧘Ꮊߩ▤ロᄖߣ޿߁ᗧ
๧ߢ 1 ߟߩ♽೉ߣ⠨߃ࠇ߫㧘ว⸘ 4 ߟߩ♽೉ߦಽߌࠄࠇࠆ‫ ⴫ޕ‬1㧙3 ߪ㧘ߘߩ߁ߜߩ 3 ߟߩ♽೉ߦߟ޿ߡߩጁୃⷐઙࠍ␜ߒߚ߽ߩߢ޽ࠆ‫߅ߥޕ‬㧘ߎߩ⴫ߦ␜ߐࠇߡߥ޿ࠦࡒࡘ࠾࠹ࠖࠞ࡟࠶
ࠫߩ႐วߪ㧘18 ᱦએ਄߽ߒߊߪ㜞ᩞතᬺ㧘߽ߒߊߪ㜞ත⾗ᩰ߇޽ࠇ߫౉ቇߢ߈ࠆߎߣߦߥߞߡ
޿ࠆ‫ߡߞ߇ߚߒޕ‬㧘ታ⾰⊛ߦጁୃⷐઙߪߥ޿ߎߣߦߥࠆ‫ޕ‬ ਄⸥⴫ߩᢎ⑼ߦߟ޿ߡߪ㧘⴫ 1㧙1 ߩ႐วߣၮᧄ⊛ߦหߓߢ޽ࠆ߇㧘ᢎ⑼ߣߒߡ⸥ߐࠇߡ޿
ࠆߩߪ㧘ࠕ࡞ࡈࠔࡌ࠶࠻㧔A㧕߆ࠄ㧔G㧕ߩߟ޿ߚ߽ߩߛߌߢ޽ࠅ㧘‫ޟ‬૕⢒‫଻ޟ߿ޠ‬ஜ‫ߪޠ‬฽߹ࠇߡ޿ߥ޿‫ޕ‬ᄢቇ౉ቇ⠪ㆬᛮߢߪ㜞ᩞߢߩᚑ❣⸽᣿ᦠ߽㊀ⷐߥ್ᢿ᧚ᢱߣߥࠆ߇㧘ߘߩਛᔃߪ
ᚑ❣ᐔဋὐ㧔GradePointAverageGPA㧕ߢ޽ࠆ‫ߩߎޕ‬႐วߩᐔဋὐߪ㧘
㧔A㧕㗔ၞ߆ࠄ㧔G㧕㗔ၞᢎ⑼ߩᐔဋὐߣߥࠆ‫ࠅ߹ߟޕ‬㧘㜞ᩞතᬺߦᔅⷐߢ޽ߞߚ‫ޟ‬૕⢒‫଻ޟ߿ޠ‬ஜ‫ߩޠ‬ᚑ❣ߣߪή㑐ଥߢ޽ࠆߎߣߦߥࠆ‫ޕ‬ 㜞ᩞතᬺߩߚ߼ߩᔅⷐන૏ᢙߣߪ⇣ߥࠅ㧘ᄢቇㅴቇߩߚ߼ߩጁୃⷐઙߦ㑐ߒߡߪ㧘‫ ⺆⧷ޟ‬4ᐕ㑆ߩጁୃ‫ޠ‬㧘‫ޟ‬ᢙቇ 3 ᐕ㑆ߩጁୃ‫ߦ߁ࠃߩޠ‬ᄙߊߩጁୃࠍ᳞߼ߡ޿ࠆߎߣ߇ࠊ߆ࠆ‫ࠅ߹ߟޕ‬㧘ᄢቇㅴቇࠍ⋡ᜰߔ↢ᓤߪ㧘ߎߜࠄߩᄢቇㅴቇⷐઙࠍ⠨ᘦߒߥ߇ࠄ⑼⋡ࠍጁୃߒߡ޿ߊߎߣߦߥ
ࠆ‫ޕ‬㜞ᩞතᬺⷐઙߩߥ߆ߦ޽ߞߚ‫ޟ‬ㆬᛯ⑼⋡‫ߩޠ‬㗔ၞ߽⥄↱ㆬᛯߣ޿߁ࠃࠅߪ㧘ታ㓙ߪ߶ߣࠎߤ߇‫ޟ‬ᄢቇḰ஻ㆬᛯ⑼⋡‫ޟ߿ޠ‬਄⚖ࠦ࡯ࠬ‫ߢޠ‬ၒ߼ࠄࠇࠆߎߣߦߥࠆ‫ߡߞ߇ߚߒޕ‬㧘㜞ᩞතᬺⷐઙߩ㧔A㧕߆ࠄ㧔G㧕ߩᢎ⑼ߦߟ޿ߡߪ㧘ᄢቇㅴቇߩߚ߼ߩጁୃⷐઙࠍḩߚߔㆊ⒟ߢ⥄ὼߦන૏߇ḩߚߐࠇࠆߎߣߦߥࠆ‫ ⴫ޕ‬1㧙3 ߩጁୃⷐઙࠍ⷗ࠆ㒢ࠅ㧘‫ޟ‬ᢙቇ‫ߪޠ‬Ფᐕ‫ޟ‬ᄢቇḰ஻ᢙቇ‫ޠ‬ߩጁୃࠍ᳞߼㧘‫ޟ‬ታ㛎⑼ቇ‫ޟ߿ޠ‬ᄖ࿖⺆‫ ߽ޠ‬3 ᐕ㑆߆ࠄ 4 ᐕ㑆ߩጁୃࠍ᳞߼ߡ޿ࠆߎߣ߆ࠄ᣿
ࠄ߆ߥߣ߅ࠅ㧘3 ߟߩ♽೉ߢ৻⇟ⷐ᳞߇㜞޿ߩߪ‫┙⑳ޟ‬ᄢቇ‫ޕࠆ޿ߡߞߥߣޠ‬‫ࠕ࠾࡞ࠜࡈ࡝ࠞޟ‬ᄢቇ♽೉‫ߪޠ‬㧘ᣣᧄߢ߽⦟ߊ⍮ࠄࠇߚࠞ࡝ࡈࠜ࡞࠾ࠕᄢቇࡃ࡯ࠢ࡟࡯ᩞ
㧔UniversityofCaliforniaBerkeley㧕߿ࠞ࡝ࡈࠜ࡞࠾ࠕᄢቇࡠࠨࡦ࠯࡞ࠬᩞ㧔Universityof
CaliforniaLosAngeles㧕╬㧘ඳ჻⺖⒟ࠍ᦭ߔࠆ޿ࠊࠁࠆ⎇ⓥᄢቇߢ޽ࠆ‫৻ߩߘޕ‬ᣇߢ㧘‫࡝ࠞޟ‬ࡈࠜ࡞࠾ࠕᎺ┙ᄢቇ♽೉‫ߪߣޠ‬㧘ࠞ࡝ࡈࠔࠝ࡞࠾ࠕᎺ┙ᄢቇࡠࠨࡦ࠯࡞ࠬᩞ㧔CaliforniaState
UniversityLosAngeles㧕╬㧘ᄙߊߪୃ჻⺖⒟߹ߢ᦭ߔࠆ߇㧘ቇㇱᢎ⢒ਛᔃߩ 4 ᐕ೙ᄢቇߢ޽
ࠆ‫ߡߞ߇ߚߒޕ‬㧘ጁୃⷐઙࠍ⷗ߚ႐ว㧘଀߃߫‫ޟ‬ᄖ࿖⺆‫ߢޠ‬㧘ࠃࠅᄙߊߩጁୃࠍᅑബߒߡ޿ࠆ
ߩߪ‫ࠕ࠾࡞ࠜࡈ࡝ࠞޟ‬ᄢቇ♽೉‫ޕࠆ߆ࠊ߇ߣߎࠆ޽ߢޠ‬ ߒ߆ߒߥ߇ࠄ㧘ߎ߁ߒߚጁୃⷐઙࠍḩߚߒߚ↢ᓤోຬ߇Ꮧᦸߩᄢቇߦㅴቇߢ߈ࠆࠊߌߢߪߥ
޿ߎߣ߽ᵈᗧ߇ᔅⷐߢ޽ࠆ‫ޕ‬಴㗿ߦ޽ߚߞߡߪ㧘ጁୃ⁁ᴫࠍ␜ߒߚᚑ❣⸽᣿ᦠߦട߃ߡ㧘ᣣᧄ―9―ߢ߽Ყセ⊛⍮ࠄࠇߚㆡᕈ⹜㛎ߢ޽ࠆ SAT㧔ScholasticAssessmentTest㧕߽ߒߊߪ ACT
㧔AmericanCollegeTest㧕ߩᚑ❣߇ᔅⷐߢ޽ࠆ‫ޕ‬SAT ߦߪ I ߣΤ߇޽ࠅ㧘I ߪᕁ⠨ജ࠹ࠬ࠻ߢ‫ޟ‬ᛕ್⊛ᕁ⠨ജ‫ޠ‬㧘‫ޠࠣࡦࠖ࠹ࠗ࡜ޟ‬㧘‫ޟ‬ᢙቇ‫ࠄ߆ޠ‬᭴ᚑߐࠇ㧘Τߪ޿ࠊࠁࠆ⑼⋡࠹ࠬ࠻ߢ 20⑼⋡ߩߥ߆߆ࠄᄢቇ஥߇ᜰቯߔࠆ߽ߩࠍฃ㛎ߔࠆߎߣߦߥࠆ‫৻ޕ‬ᣇ㧘ACT ߪ‫ޠ⺆⧷ޟ‬㧘‫ޟ‬ᢙቇ‫ޠ‬㧘‫ޠࠣࡦࠖ࠺࡯࡝ޟ‬㧘ߘߒߡ‫ޟ‬ℂ⑼‫ ߩޠ‬4 ߟߩ㗔ၞ㧔2005 ᐕ߆ࠄ࡜ࠗ࠹ࠖࡦࠣ⹜㛎߇ࠝࡊ࡚ࠪࡦ
ߣߒߡടࠊࠆ㧕ߢ᭴ᚑߐࠇࠆㆬᛯᑼ⹜㛎ߢ޽ࠆ‫ߩࠄࠇߎޕ‬ㆡᕈ⹜㛎ߦߪ㐳޿ᱧผ߇޽ࠅ㧘⎇ⓥ
㐿⊒߽ㅴࠎߢ޿ࠆߚ߼㧘ߘࠇߙࠇߩᮡḰൻߐࠇߚὐᢙࠍ੕឵ߢ߈ࠆ઀⚵ߺ߇ᢛߞߡ߅ࠅ㧘ᄢቇ஥߽಴㗿ߦ޽ߚߞߡߩⷐ᳞ὐࠍ␜ߒߡ޿ࠆ‫߫߃଀ޕ‬㧘‫ࠕ࠾࡞ࠜࡈ࡝ࠞޟ‬ᄢቇ♽೉‫ߪߢޠ‬㧘SAT
Σ߽ߒߊߪ ACT ߣ 3 ߟߩ SATΤ࠹ࠬ࠻ߩ⚿ᨐࠍ᳞߼ߡ޿ࠆ‫ޕ‬‫ࠕ࠾࡞ࠜࡈ࡝ࠞޟ‬Ꮊ┙ᄢቇ♽೉‫ޠ‬ߩ႐วߪ㧘SATΣ߽ߒߊߪ ACT ߛߌࠍឭ಴ߔࠇ߫ࠃߊ㧘ᓟ⠪ߪࠝࡊ࡚ࠪࡦߣߥߞߡ޿ࠆ‫ߎޕ‬ߩὐߢ߽㧘‫ࠕ࠾࡞ࠜࡈ࡝ࠞޟ‬ᄢቇ♽೉‫ߩޠ‬ᣇ߇㧘ࡂ࡯࠼࡞߇㜞޿ߎߣ߇ࠊ߆ࠆ‫ޕ‬ ߘߒߡᄢቇ஥ߪ㧘ߎߩ SATI ߿ ACT ߩὐᢙࠍ㧘㜞ᩞߩ GPA㧔㧔A㧕߆ࠄ㧔G㧕㗔ၞ㧕ߣㅪേߐߖࠆߎߣߦࠃߞߡၮḰὐࠍ⸳ቯߒߡ޿ࠆ‫ࠕ࠾࡞ࠜࡈ࡝ࠞޕ‬Ꮊߩ౏┙ᄢቇߩ႐ว㧘Ꮊ᳃ߣ㕖Ꮊ᳃ߢߪ౉ቇၮḰ߇⇣ߥߞߡ޿ࠆ߇㧔ᒰὼߩߎߣߥ߇ࠄ㕖Ꮊ᳃ߩᣇ߇㜞ߊ⸳ቯߐࠇߡ޿ࠆ㧕㧘଀߃߫㧘‫ࠕ࠾࡞ࠜࡈ࡝ࠞޟ‬ᄢቇ♽೉‫ߪߢޠ‬㧘GPA ߇ 2.80㧙2.84 ߩ↢ᓤߪ㧘SAT ߩ✚วὐ߇ 4640એ਄ᔅⷐߢ޽ࠆߎߣ߇␜ߐࠇߡ޿ࠆ㧔GPA2.80 ᧂḩߩ↢ᓤߪ SAT ⹜㛎⚿ᨐߦ㑐ࠊࠄߕ಴㗿⾗ᩰߥߒ㧕‫ޕ‬SAT ߢߪߥߊ㧘ACT ฃ㛎⠪ߩ႐ว߽ห᭽ߦၮḰὐ߇⸳ߌࠄࠇߡ޿ࠆ‫ޕ‬ㅒߦ GPA ߇㜞‫࡝ࠞޟ‬ߊ 3.45㧙3.49 ߩ↢ᓤߪ㧘SAT ߩ✚วὐ߇ 3128 ὐ޽ࠇ߫಴㗿ߢ߈ࠆߎߣߦߥࠆ‫৻ޕ‬ᣇ㧘ࡈࠜ࡞࠾ࠕᎺ┙ᄢቇ♽೉‫ߩޠ‬႐ว㧘GPA2.0 ᧂḩߩ↢ᓤߪห᭽ߦ಴㗿⾗ᩰ߇ߥ޿ߎߣ߇␜ߐࠇ
ߡ߅ࠅ㧘SAT ߩ✚วὐ߽㧘਄⸥ߩ‫ࠕ࠾࡞ࠜࡈ࡝ࠞޟ‬ᄢቇ♽೉‫▚ߚߞߥ⇣ߪߣޠ‬಴ᣇᴺߢⴕߞߡ޿ࠆ‫ޕ‬ ߘߒߡ㊀ⷐߥߎߣߪ㧘ߎࠇࠄߩ㜞ᩞߢߩጁୃⷐઙ㧘GPA㧘SAT ╬ߩᚑ❣ߪ㧘ᄢቇ౉ቇߩߚ߼
ߩᔅⷐ᧦ઙߢ޽ߞߡ߽චಽ᧦ઙߢߪߥ޿ߎߣߢ޽ࠆ‫᦭ߦ․ޕ‬ฬᄢቇߦㅴቇࠍᏗᦸߔࠆ↢ᓤߪ㧘ߎࠇࠄએᄖߦ߽㧘ఝ⑲ߐࠍ␜ߔ․⸥੐㗄߇ᔅⷐߦߥࠆ‫↢߿࠷࡯ࡐࠬޕ‬ᓤળᵴേ╬ߦ߅޿ߡ㗼⪺ߥᚑ❣ࠍᱷߒߡ޿ࠆߣ߆㧘ቇᬺ㕙ߢߩࠦࡦ࠹ࠬ࠻ߢ౉⾨╬߇޽ࠇ߫ᄢቇ౉ቇߦ᦭೑ߦ௛ߊߎߣ
ߦߥࠆ‫ߒߛߚޕ‬㧘ᄙߊߩ↢ᓤ߇ߘߩࠃ߁ߥࠦࡦ࠹ࠬ࠻ߦෳടߢ߈ࠆࠊߌߢߪߥ޿ߚ߼㧘㜞ᩞߢߩጁୃߦ߅޿ߡ㧘਄⚖ࠦ࡯ࠬࠍࠃࠅᄙߊጁୃߒ㧘㜞޿ቇജࠍ᦭ߒߡ޿ࠆߎߣࠍ␜ߔߎߣ߽ലᨐ
⊛ߢ޽ࠆ‫ߡߒߘޕ‬㧘ߘࠇ߇ AP ࡊࡠࠣ࡜ࡓߣᄢ߈ߊ㑐ଥߔࠆߎߣߦߥࠆ‫ޕ‬AP ⑼⋡ߪ㧘ᄢቇ 1㧙2 ᐕᰴ࡟ࡌ࡞ߩ᳓Ḱߢ޽ࠅ㧘ߘߩ⑼⋡ࠍጁୃߒߡ޿ࠆߎߣߪ㧘ߔߢߦᄢቇߢᢎ⢒ࠍฃߌࠄࠇࠆቇജ᳓Ḱߢ޽ࠆߎߣࠍ⸽᣿ߔࠆߎߣߦߥࠆ‫ߚ߹ޕ‬㧘ߘߩ AP ⹜㛎ߦวᩰߒߡ޿ࠆߎߣߪ㧘ᄢቇߩන૏ࠍߔߢߦ㜞ᩞᲑ㓏ߢขᓧߒߚߎߣࠍᗧ๧ߒ㧘↢ᓤߦߣߞߡ߽᧪ߚ
ࠆᄢቇ↢ᵴߦ߅޿ߡᅢࠬ࠲࡯࠻ࠍಾࠇࠆߎߣࠍᗧ๧ߔࠆ‫ࠅ߹ߟޕ‬㧘ᄢቇ౉ቇ⸵นߦ㑐ߒߡ߽㧘౉ቇᓟߩන૏ขᓧߦ㑐ߒߡ߽㧘AP ࡊࡠࠣ࡜ࡓߪੑ㊀ߩᗧ๧ߢ᦭↪ߥߩߢ޽ࠆ‫ޕ‬ㄭᐕ㧘AP ࡊࡠࠣ࡜ࡓ߇ో☨ฦ࿾ߢ᥉෸ߒ㧘᜛ᄢߒߡ޿ࠆߩߪએ਄ߩࠃ߁ߥℂ↱ߦࠃࠆ㧔ߎߩὐߦ㑐ߒߡߪ╙
2 ┨ߢ⹦ㅀߔࠆ㧕‫ޕ‬― 10 ―

㧔㧟㧕㜞ᄢធ⛯ AP ࡊࡠࠣ࡜ࡓߪ㧘ห৻㜞ᩞౝߦߐ߹ߑ߹ߥቇജߩ↢ᓤ߇࿷☋ߒ㧘ㆬᛯ೙ࠍၮᧄߣߔࠆᢎ⢒ⅣႺਅߦ߅޿ߡ㧘ఝ⑲ߥ㜞ᩞ↢ߦᄢቇ࡟ࡌ࡞ߩ᝼ᬺࠍឭଏߔࠆߎߣࠍᗧ࿑ߒߚ߽ߩߢ޽ࠆ‫ߎޕ‬ࠇߪ㧘৻⥸ߦ㜞ᄢធ⛯ߩ৻ᣇ╷ߢ޽ࠅ㧘㜞ᩞߣᄢቇߩᢎ⢒⺖⒟ࠍ޿߆ߦࠬࡓ࡯࠭ߦធ⛯ߐߖࠆߩ߆ߣ޿߁⺖㗴߳ߩ৻ߟߩ⸃᳿╷ࠍ␜ߒߡ޿ࠆߣ⸒߃ࠆ‫ߚߒ߁ߎޕ‬ขࠅ⚵ߺߪ㧘߽ߜࠈࠎ APࡊࡠࠣ࡜ࡓߛߌߢߪߥߊ㧘૗⒳㘃߽ሽ࿷ߒߡ޿ࠆ‫ޕ‬
଀߃߫㧘AP ࡊࡠࠣ࡜ࡓߣห᭽ߦ㧘ਥߦఝ⑲ߥ↢ᓤߦኻߔࠆࡊࡠࠣ࡜ࡓߣߒߡߪ㧘࿖㓙ࡃࠞࡠ࡟ࠕ㧔InternationalBaccalaureate㧦IB㧕߇޽ࠆ‫ᧄߦࠬࠗࠬޕ‬ㇱࠍ⟎ߊ࿖㓙ࡃࠞࡠ࡟ࠕᯏ᭴
߇᝼ਈߔࠆ࠺ࠖࡊࡠࡑߪ㧘ᄢቇ౉ቇ⾗ᩰߣߒߡ࿖㓙⊛ㅢ↪ᐲ߽㜞ߊ㧘࿖㓙ቇᩞࠍਛᔃߦᣣᧄߢ
߽ IB ↪ߩ᝼ᬺ߇ታ〣ߐࠇߡ޿ࠆ‫ޕ‬ߎߩ࠺ࠖࡊࡠࡑࡊࡠࠣ࡜ࡓߦෳടߔࠆࠕࡔ࡝ࠞߩ↢ᓤᢙߪ㧘
2008 ᐕߦ 4 ਁ 9,091 ੱࠍ⸥㍳ߒ㧘ㄭᐕჇട௑ะ߇ߺࠄࠇࠆ‫ޕ‬ ৻ᣇ㧘⡯ᬺᛛⴚᢎ⢒ࠦ࡯ࠬߩ㜞ᄢធ⛯ࠍ⋡ᜰߒߚࡊࡠࠣ࡜ࡓߣߒߡߪ㧘࠹ࠢ࡮ࡊ࡟࠶ࡊ㧔Tech
Prep㧕߇޽ࠆ‫ߪࠇߎޕ‬㧘ࠠࡖ࡝ࠕḰ஻ᢎ⢒ߩ৻ᒻᑼߢ޽ࠅ㧘ߎߩᣇ㕙ߩ㜞ᩞߢឭଏߐࠇࠆ᝼ᬺ
⑼⋡ࠍጁୃߔࠆߎߣߦࠃߞߡ㧘㜞ᩞߣࠦࡒࡘ࠾࠹ࠖࠞ࡟࠶ࠫߩੑ㊀ߩන૏ࠍขᓧߔࠆߎߣ߇ߢ
߈ࠆ߽ߩߢ޽ࠆ‫ޕ‬2005㧙06 ᐕᐲߢ 1 ਁ 7,000 ੱએ਄ߩ㜞ᩞ↢߇ෳടߒߡ޿ࠆ‫ޕ‬ ߐࠄߦ㧘Ꮊ࡟ࡌ࡞ߢ߽ห᭽ߩࡊࡠࠣ࡜ࡓ߇ታᣉߐࠇߡ޿ࠆ‫߫߃଀ޕ‬㧘ࡢࠪࡦ࠻ࡦᎺߩ࡜ࡦ࠾
ࡦࠣ࡮ࠬ࠲࡯࠻㧔RunningStart㧕ࡊࡠࠣ࡜ࡓߣࠞ࠶࡟ࠫ࡮ࠗࡦ࡮ࠩ࡮ࡂࠗࠬࠢ࡯࡞㧔College
intheHighSchool㧕ࡊࡠࠣ࡜ࡓ߇᜼ߍࠄࠇࠆ‫ޕ‬೨⠪ߪ㧘㜞ᩞ↢߇ਥߦࠦࡒࡘ࠾࠹ࠖࠞ࡟࠶
ࠫߢ㐿⻠ߐࠇࠆ᝼ᬺ⑼⋡ࠍጁୃߒ㧘ߘࠇߦࠃߞߡ㜞ᩞߣᄢቇߩන૏ࠍขᓧߢ߈ࠆࡊࡠࠣ࡜ࡓߢ
޽ࠆ‫ޕ‬2006㧙07 ᐕᐲߦ߅޿ߡ㧘1 ਁ 6,540 ੱ߇หࡊࡠࠣ࡜ࡓߦෳടߒߡ޿ࠆߣ޿߁‫ߚ߹ޕ‬㧘ᓟ⠪ߪ㧘᝼ᬺ߇㜞ᩞߢⴕࠊࠇࠆߎߣ߿ᄢቇߩන૏ߣߒߡ⹺ቯߐࠇࠆߣ޿߁ὐߢ AP ࡊࡠࠣ࡜ࡓߦ
ㄭ޿‫ࠍࡓ࡜ࠣࡠࡊߩߎޕ‬ផㅴߒߡ޿ࠆߩߪ㧘ో☨ੑ㊀⊓㍳ࡄ࡯࠻࠽࡯ࠪ࠶ࡊㅪว㧔TheNational
AllianceofConcurrentEnrollmentPartnershipNACEP㧕ߢ޽ࠆ߇㧘ࡢࠪࡦ࠻ࡦᎺ╬ߢ᥉෸ߒߟߟ޽ࠆᲑ㓏ߢ޽ࠅ㧘߹ߛో☨࡟ࡌ࡞ߦߪ⥋ߞߡ޿ߥ޿‫ޕ‬ AP ࡊࡠࠣ࡜ࡓߪ㧘ᄢቇ࡟ࡌ࡞ߩ᝼ᬺࠍ㜞ᩞߢⴕ޿㧘⹜㛎ߢ৻ቯએ਄ߩᚑ❣ࠍ෼߼ࠇ߫ᄢቇ
ߩන૏ߣߒߡ⹺ቯߐࠇࠆߣ޿߁ὐߢ㧘਄ㅀߩࡊࡠࠣ࡜ࡓߣૃߡ޿ࠆㇱಽ߇ᄙ޿߇㧘ߘߩ㐿ᆎߪ
1955 ᐕߣᦨ߽ᱧผߩ޽ࠆࡊࡠࠣ࡜ࡓߢ޽ࠆ‫ߚ߹ޕ‬㧘ᐕ㑆ߩฃ㛎⠪ߪ㧘2005㧙06 ᐕᐲߦ߅޿ߡ
130 ਁੱએ਄ߣઁߩࡊࡠࠣ࡜ࡓߣᲧߴߡ⟲ࠍᛮ޿ߡ޿ࠆ‫ߡߞ߇ߚߒޕ‬㧘⃻࿷㧘ᢎ⢒⺖⒟ߩ㜞ᄢធ⛯ࠍ⠨߃ࠆ႐ว㧘ߘߩઍ⴫ߣߒߡ AP ࡊࡠࠣ࡜ࡓ߇ขࠅ਄ߍࠄࠇࠆߩߪᩮ᜚ߩ޽ࠆߎߣߥߩ
ߢ޽ࠆ‫ޕ‬

㧠㧚#2 ࡊࡠࠣ࡜ࡓߩ⋡⊛ߣ▤ℂ
㧔㧝㧕#2 ࡊࡠࠣ࡜ࡓߩ⋡⊛㜞ᄢធ⛯㧔ㅪ៤㧕੐ᬺߪᣣᧄߢ߽ㄭᐕ⋓ࠎߦታᣉߐࠇ㧘㜞ᩞ↢߇ᄢቇߢ⻠⟵ࠍฃߌߚࠅ㧘ᄢቇߩᢎຬ߇㜞ᩞߢ⻠Ṷࠍߒߚࠅߒߡ޿ࠆ߇㧘ㇱಽ⊛߆ߟන⊒⊛ߥ࡟ࡌ࡞ߩၞࠍ⿥߃ߡ޿ߥ޿ߣ

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޿߁໧㗴ࠍଐὼߣߒߡᛴ߃ߡ޿ࠆ‫ⷰߚߒ߁ߘޕ‬ὐ߆ࠄߺࠇ߫㧘50 ᐕએ਄ߩᱧผࠍ᦭ߒ㧘ో☨ߦ᥉෸ߒߚ AP ࡊࡠࠣ࡜ࡓߪ㧘ߘߩ᝼ᬺ߇㜞ᩞߢⴕࠊࠇ㧘ᚑ❣⹏ଔߪࠞ࡟࠶ࠫࡏ࡯࠼㧘න૏⹺ቯߪᄢቇ߇ⴕ߁ߣ޿߁ὐߢ㧘㜞ᄢㅪ៤ࠍ⠨߃ࠆ႐ว㧘㕖Ᏹߦ⥝๧ᷓ޿ࡊࡠࠣ࡜ࡓߢ޽ࠆߣ⸒߃
ࠆ‫ޕ‬ߘ߽ߘ߽ߎߩ AP ࡊࡠࠣ࡜ࡓߪ㧘ࡈࠜ࡯࠼⽷࿅ߦࠃࠆᢎ⢒ᝄ⥝ၮ㊄㧔Foundforthe
AdvancementofEducation㧕ߩេഥߩ߽ߣ 1950 ᐕઍೋ㗡ߦ㐿ᆎߐࠇߚੑߟߩ⎇ⓥ߆ࠄᆎ߹ߞߚ߽ߩߢ޽ࠆ‫ޕ‬৻ߟߪ‫⥸৻ޟ‬ᢎ⢒ߦ㑐ߔࠆ㜞ᩞߣᄢቇߩ⎇ⓥ㧔SchoolandCollegeStudyofGeneral
Education㧕‫⎇ߩߎޕࠆ޽ߢޠ‬ⓥߪ㧘ࠕࡦ࠼࡯ࡃ࡯㧔AndoverAcademy㧕㧘ࠛࠢࠬ࠲࡯㧔Exeter
Academy㧕㧘ࡠ࡯࡟ࡦࠬࡆ࡞㧔LawrencevilleAcademy㧕ߩ㜞ᩞ 3 ᩞߣ㧘ࡂ࡯ࡃ࡯࠼㧔Harvard
University㧕㧘ࡊ࡝ࡦࠬ࠻ࡦ㧔PrincetonUniversity㧕㧘ࠗࠛ࡯࡞㧔YaleUniversity㧕ߩᄢቇ 3ᩞߦࠃߞߡㅴ߼ࠄࠇߚ߇㧘㜞ᩞᓟඨߩ 2 ᐕ㑆ߣᄢቇ೨ඨߩ 2 ᐕ㑆ߩᢎ⢒⺖⒟ߦߟ޿ߡቇ⠌ౝኈ
߇㊀ⶄߒߡ߅ࠅ㧘ᤨ㑆ߩᶉ⾌ߣ↢ᓤߩ჻᳇ૐਅࠍ໧㗴ὐߣߒߡᜰ៰ߒߚ‫ߚ߹ޕ‬㧘㜞ᩞ 4 ᐕ↢㧔╙ 12 ቇᐕ㧕߇ᄢቇᢎ⢒࡟ࡌ࡞ߩቇ⠌ࠍߔࠆߎߣ߇ߢ߈ࠆࠃ߁ߦࠞ࡝ࠠࡘ࡜ࡓࠍ⺞ᢛߒ㧘ߐࠄߦ೔㆐ᐲ࠹ࠬ࠻ߢᅢᚑ❣ࠍ޽ߍߚ↢ᓤߦߟ޿ߡߪ㧘ᄢቇߢߩ㘧߮⚖ࠍน⢻ߦߔࠆߎߣ߽൘๔
ߒߡ޿ࠆ‫⎇ߩߎޕ‬ⓥળߦෳടߒߚࡔࡦࡃ࡯ߩᩞฬ߆ࠄ᣿ࠄ߆ߥࠃ߁ߦ㧘ᓐࠄߪቇജߩ㜞޿↢ᓤߩ჻᳇ࠍ⛽ᜬߐߖ㧘ቇജࠍߐࠄߦ㜞߼ࠆߎߣߦਥߚࠆ㑐ᔃ߇޽ߞߚߎߣ߇ࠊ߆ࠆ‫᦭ߦ․ޕ‬ฬᄢቇߦߣߞߡߪ㧘ቇജߩ㜞޿↢ᓤ߇ᄢቇߢߩቇ⠌Ḱ஻߇ᢛߞߚ⁁ᘒߢ౉ቇߔࠆߎߣ߇ℂᗐߢ޽ࠅ㧘ߘߩߚ߼ߩᣇ╷ߣߒߡᄢቇ࡟ࡌ࡞ߩౝኈࠍవขࠅߒߡቇ⠌ߐߖࠆߎߣߦࠃߞߡ⍮⊛ᗧ᰼ࠍૐਅ
ߐߖߥ޿ࠃ߁ߦߔࠆߎߣߪᦸ߹ߒ޿ߣ⠨߃ߡ޿ߚߩߢ޽ࠆ‫ޕ‬߽߁৻ߟߪ‫ޟ‬ఝ╬↢ߩ౉ቇ⸵นߦ㑐ߔࠆ㜞ᩞߣᄢቇߩ⎇ⓥ㧔SchoolandCollegeStudyof
AdmissionwithAdvancedStanding㧕‫⎇ߩߎޕࠆ޽ߢޠ‬ⓥߪ㧘㜞ᩞ 12 ᩞߣᄢቇ 12 ᩞߩઍ⴫⠪߆ࠄߥࠆᆔຬળߦࠃߞߡㅴ߼ࠄࠇߚ߇㧘ࠝࡂࠗࠝᎺߦ޽ࠆࠤੑࠝࡦᄢቇ㧔KenyonCollege㧕߇ߘߩਛᔃߣߥߞߚߩߢ㧘ߘߩឭ⸒ߪࠤ࠾ࠝࡦ࡮ࡊ࡜ࡦ㧔KenyonPlan㧕ߣ๭߫ࠇߡ޿ࠆ‫ޕ‬ߎߩࠤ࠾ࠝࡦ࡮ࡊ࡜ࡦ߽೨⠪ߩ⎇ⓥߣห᭽ߦ㧘ࠕࡔ࡝ࠞߩᢎ⢒೙ᐲߪቇജఝ⑲ߥ↢ᓤߩᤨ㑆ࠍᶉ⾌ߒߡ޿ࠆߣᜰ៰ߒ㧘㜞ᩞߦ߅޿ߡᄢቇ࡟ࡌ࡞ߩࠞ࡝ࠠࡘ࡜ࡓࠍ㐿⊒ߔࠆᔅⷐᕈࠍਥᒛߒߚ‫ޕ‬ߘߩᓟߩ 1952 ᐕߦࠤ࠾ࠝࡦ࡮ࡊ࡜ࡦߩ߽ߣߢ㜞ᩞ 7 ᩞࠍኻ⽎ߣߒ㧘11 ⑼⋡ߦߟ޿ߡ AP ࡊࡠߎߜࠄߩ⎇ⓥ߽ቇജߩ㜞޿↢ᓤߦ㑐ᔃࠍ␜ߒߡ޿ࠆ߇㧘․ߦ㜞ᄢធ⛯໧㗴㧘ࠣ࡜ࡓࠍ⹜ⴕߒߚ‫ޕ‬ߟ߹ࠅ㜞ᩞߩᢎ⢒⺖⒟ߣᄢቇߩ৻⥸ᢎ⢒࡟ࡌ࡞⺖⒟ߩㅪ⛯ᕈߦᒝ޿㑐ᔃࠍ␜ߒ㧘⺖⒟਄ߩ㊀ߥࠅࠍߢ߈ࠆߛߌήߊߘ߁ߣߒߚขࠅ⚵ߺߢ޽ߞߚߎߣ߇ࠊ߆ࠆ‫ޕ‬ߎ߁ߒߚ⎇ⓥߩ⚿ᨐ⺀↢ߒߚ AP ࡊࡠࠣ࡜ࡓߪ㧘㜞ᩞߦ߅ߌࠆቇ⠌ౝኈߣᄢቇߩߘࠇߣߩ㊀ⶄࠍㆱߌ㧘߹ߚᗧ᰼ߩ޽ࠆఝ⑲ߥ㜞ᩞ↢ߦኻߒߡ಴᧪ࠆߛߌᣧ޿Ბ㓏ߢߘߩ⢻ജߦวߞߚ࡟ࡌ
࡞ࠍቇ⠌ߢ߈ࠆࠃ߁ߦ㧘㜞ᩞߣᄢቇߪㅪ៤ߔࠆߴ߈ߢ޽ࠆߣ޿߁⚿⺰ߦ㆐ߒߚߎߣ߆ࠄ↢߹ࠇߚ߽ߩߢ޽ߞߚ‫ߡߞ߇ߚߒޕ‬㧘หࡊࡠࠣ࡜ࡓߩኻ⽎ߪఝ⑲ߥ㜞ᩞ↢ߢ޽ߞߚߎߣߪ⏕⹺ߒߡ߅ߊᔅⷐ߇޽ࠆ‫ޕ‬૛ജߩ޽ࠆ㜞ᩞ↢߇ᄢቇߩ৻⥸ᢎ⢒࡟ࡌ࡞ߩቇ⠌ࠍߔࠆߎߣߪ㧘ᓐࠄߦߣߞߡ

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ᤨ㑆ߩ᦭ല⊛ߥᵴ↪ߢ޽ࠅ㧘ᄢቇߢᧄᩰ⊛ߦ᝼ᬺࠍฃߌࠆߚ߼ߩḰ஻Ბ㓏ߦ߽ߥࠆ‫ࠅ߹ߟޕ‬㧘AP ࡊࡠࠣ࡜ࡓߪఝ⑲ߥ㜞ᩞ↢ࠍኻ⽎ߣߒߚ㧘㜞ᩞߣᄢቇߩធ⛯㑐ଥࠍᡷༀߔࠆߚ߼ߩᣇ╷ߦઁߥࠄߥ޿ߩߢ޽ࠆ‫ߚ߹ޕ‬㧘ੑߟߩ⎇ⓥ߇㜞ᩞߣᄢቇߩදജߦࠃߞߡㅴ߼ࠄࠇߚߣ޿߁ߎߣߪ
ᵈ⋡ߔߴ߈ߎߣߢ޽ࠆ‫↢ޕ‬ᓤߩ⢻ജߦᔕߓߚᢎ⢒ߩታ⃻ࠍ⋡ᜰߔߦߪ㜞ᩞᢎ⢒㧘޽ࠆ޿ߪᄢቇ
ᢎ⢒ߩ޿ߕ߆৻ᣇ߆ࠄ⺰ߕࠆߴ߈ߢߪߥߊ㧘෺ᣇߩ⺖⒟ࠍᨵエߦߣࠄ߃ࠆߎߣ߇ᔅⷐߛ߆ࠄߢ
޽ࠆ‫ޕ‬
એ਄ߩੑߟߩࡊࡠࠫࠚࠢ࠻߿ታ㛎ߩ⚿ᨐࠍฃߌߡ㧘1955 ᐕ߆ࠄࠞ࡟࠶ࠫࡏ࡯࠼ College
Board㧦ᱜᑼฬ⒓ߪ TheCollegeEntranceExaminationBoard ߇㧘AP ⹜㛎ࠍ㐿ᆎߒߚ‫ߘޕ‬ߒߡߐ߹ߑ߹ߥㇱಽ⊛ᡷ㕟ߪ޽ࠅߥ߇ࠄ߽㧘ၮᧄ⊛ߥ઀⚵ߺࠍ⛽ᜬߒߡ⃻࿷߹ߢ⛮⛯ߒߡታᣉߐࠇߡ߈ߡ޿ࠆ‫߽߆ߒޕ‬㧘⃻࿷Ფᐕ 100 ਁੱߩ㜞ᩞ↢㧘ߔߥࠊߜ 6㧑ߩ㜞ᩞ↢߇৻ߟએ਄ߩ AP⑼⋡ࠍฃ⻠ߒ㧘⚂ 1 ਁ 5,000 ᩞ㧘ߔߥࠊߜ⚂ 60㧑ߩ㜞ᩞ߇৻ߟએ਄ߩ AP ⑼⋡ࠍឭଏߒߡ޿ࠆ
߶ߤో☨ߩቇᩞߦᶐㅘߒߡ߈ߡ޿ࠆߩߢ޽ࠆ‫ޕ‬㧔㧞㧕ࠞ࡟࠶ࠫࡏ࡯࠼
ߎ߁ߒߚ AP ࡊࡠࠣ࡜ࡓࠍ▤ℂㆇ༡ߒߡ޿ࠆߩߪ㧘ࠞ࡟࠶ࠫࡏ࡯࠼ߣ޿߁᳃㑆ߩ㕖༡೑࿅૕ߢ޽ࠆ‫ߩߎޕ‬࿅૕ߪ㧘ߐ߹ߑ߹ߥ᳃㑆⽷࿅ߩ⽷᡽ᡰេࠍฃߌߥ߇ࠄ࠾ࡘ࡯࡛࡯ࠢ㧘ࡢࠪࡦ࠻ࡦ
DC㧘ߘߒߡࡃ࡯ࠫ࠾ࠕᎺߩ࡟ࠬ࠻ࡦ㧔Reston㧕ߦࡔࠗࡦࠝࡈࠖࠬࠍ᭴߃㧘ో☨ߩฦ࿾ၞߦ 6ߟߩ࿾ၞࠝࡈࠖࠬ߇޽ࠆ‫ޕ‬ࠞ࡟࠶ࠫࡏ࡯࠼ߪ 1900 ᐕߦ⸳⟎ߐࠇ 100 ᐕએ਄ߩᱧผࠍ᦭ߒߡ޿ࠆ߇㧘ߘߩ⸳⟎⋡⊛ߪ㧘ᄢቇ߳ߩ౒ㅢ౉ቇ⹜㛎ࠍߟߊࠆߎߣߦ޽ߞߚ‫ߪࠇߘޕ‬㧘19 ਎♿ᓟඨ㧘ධർᚢ੎ᓟߩࠕࡔ࡝ࠞߢ
ߪ㧘ᄢቇ౉ቇၮḰߩ⸳ቯߦߟ޿ߡ⺰੎߇⛯޿ߡ߈ߚߚ߼ߢ޽ࠆ‫⺰ߚߒ߁ߎޕ‬੎ߩㆊ⒟ߢᮡḰ࠹ࠬ࠻ߩዉ౉߇ᬌ⸛ߐࠇ㧘ߘߩ▤ℂ⽿છ⠪ߣߒߡࠞ࡟࠶ࠫࡏ࡯࠼߇⸳⟎ߐࠇߚߩߢ޽ࠆ‫߇ߚߒޕ‬ߞߡ㧘ߎߩࠞ࡟࠶ࠫࡏ࡯࠼ߪ⃻࿷ߐ߹ߑ߹ߥ੐ᬺࠍⴕߞߡ޿ࠆ߇㧘ᦨ߽⍮ࠄࠇߡ޿ࠆ߽ߩߪᄢ
ቇ౉ቇ⠪ㆬᛮߦᵴ↪ߐࠇࠆ SAT ⹜㛎ߩ▤ℂㆇ༡ߢ޽ࠆߎߣߪ⸒߁߹ߢ߽ߥ޿‫ߩ࠻ࠬ࠹ߩߎޕ‬ฃ㛎⠪ߪ㧘Ფ⑺㧘౻㧘ᤐߩ࠹ࠬ࠻ߦᐕ 100 ਁੱࠍ⿧߃ࠆ߶ߤߩᄢⷙᮨߥ߽ߩߢ޽ࠆ‫ޕ‬ߚߛߒ㧘⹜㛎ߩෳട⠪ᢙߣ޿߁ὐߢߺࠇ߫㧘SAT ࠃࠅ߽ᄢⷙᮨߥ߽ߩ߇ AP ⹜㛎ߢ޽ࠆ‫ޕ‬2005
㧙06 ᐕᐲߦ߅޿ߡ⹜㛎ߩෳട⠪㧔ߚߛߒᑧߴੱᢙ㧕ߪ⚂ 230 ਁੱߢ޽ࠅ㧘SAT ߩ୚એ਄ߣߥ
ࠆ‫ߩߎޕ‬ᢙሼ߇␜ߔߣ߅ࠅ㧘AP ࡊࡠࠣ࡜ࡓߪ㧘᝼ᬺࠍታ〣ߔࠆᄙᢙߩ㜞ᩞࠍᏎ߈ㄟߺ㧘߹ߚߘߩ⹜㛎⚿ᨐࠍන૏⹺ቯߔࠆᄢቇߦ߽ᄙᄢߥᓇ㗀ࠍਈ߃ߡ޿ࠆߣ޿߁ὐߢ㧘SAT ห᭽ߎߜࠄ߽
ࠞ࡟࠶ࠫࡏ࡯࠼ߩ㊀ⷐߥ੐ᬺߩ৻ߟߢ޽ࠆߣ⸒߃ࠆ‫ޕ‬߹ߚ㧘ห⒳ߩ⹜㛎ߣ޿߁ὐߢ㧘ᄢቇ࡟ࡌ࡞⹜㛎ࡊࡠࠣ࡜ࡓ㧔CollegeLevelExamination
Program㧦CLEP㧕߽㊀ⷐߢ޽ࠆ‫⹜ޕ‬㛎⚿ᨐߦࠃࠅᄢቇߩන૏߇ขᓧߢ߈ࠆߣ޿߁ὐߢߪ APࡊࡠࠣ࡜ࡓߣૃߡ޿ࠆ߇㧘ߎࠇߪ␠ળੱ߿એ೨ᄢቇ↢ߢ޽ߞߚ⠪߇㧘ᄢቇߦ㧔ౣ㧕౉ቇߔࠆ㓙ߦ㧘ቇㇱᢎ⢒Ბ㓏ߢߩ⥄ಽߩቇജ࡟ࡌ࡞ࠍ᣿ࠄ߆ߦߔࠆߎߣࠍ⋡⊛ߣߔࠆ࠹ࠬ࠻ߢ޽ࠆ‫ޕ‬ᄢቇᢎ⢒ࠍ޽ࠄࠁࠆੱ‫ߦޘ‬㐿᡼ߒ㧘ߒ߆߽ࠕࠢ࠮ࠬߒ߿ߔߊߔࠆߣ޿߁ὐߢ㕖Ᏹߦ㊀ⷐߥ࠹ࠬ࠻ߢ

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޽ࠆߣ⸒߃ࠆ‫ޕ‬ߐࠄߦ㧘ᄢቇㅴቇ⠪߳ߩ⽷᡽េഥߦ㑐ㅪߒߚ࠹ࠬ࠻ߦ߽ࠞ࡟࠶ࠫࡏ࡯࠼ߪ㑐ࠊߞߡ޿ࠆ‫ోޕ‬࿖ ᅑ ቇ ㊄ ⾗ ᩰ ⠪ ⹜ 㛎 㧔 Preliminary SATNational Merit Scholarship Qualifying Test
=PSATNMSQT? ߪ㧘ߎߩᅑቇ㊄ࠍᏗᦸߔࠆ↢ᓤߩߚ߼ߩ࠹ࠬ࠻ߢ޽ࠅ㧘ߎࠇࠍᏗᦸߔࠆ↢ᓤߩฃ㛎ࠍ⟵ോઃߌߡ޿ࠆ‫ޕ‬ߎߩࠃ߁ߦߐ߹ߑ߹ߥ੐ᬺࠍታᣉߒߡ޿ࠆࠞ࡟࠶ࠫࡏ࡯࠼ߢ޽ࠆ߇㧘ߘߩ㊀ⷐ੐㗄ߪ㜞ᩞ߿ᄢቇ╬ߩᢎຬ߿ࠕ࠼ࡒ࠾ࠬ࠻࡟࡯࠲࡯ߢ᭴ᚑߐࠇߚℂ੐ળ߇᳿ቯߒߡ޿ࠆ‫ߩ࠼࡯ࡏࠫ࠶࡟ࠞޕ‬ળຬߪ㧘1900 ᐕߩ⊒⿷ᒰೋ 12 ᄢቇߦߔ߉ߥ߆ߞߚ߇㧘1 ਎♿⚻ㆊߒߚ⃻࿷ߢߪ⚂ 3,900 ߩቇᩞ߿ᄢቇ߇ળຬߣߒߡฬࠍㅪߨߡ޿ࠆ‫౉ޕ‬ળߦߪℂ੐ળߢߩᛚ⹺ࠍᔅⷐߣߔࠆ߇㧘ߎߩળຬߪ
ᄢ߈ߊ 3 ⒳㘃ߦಽߌࠄࠇࠆ‫ޕ‬࿶ୟ⊛ᄙᢙࠍභ߼ࠆ╙৻ߩ࠲ࠗࡊߪ㜞ᩞ߿ᄢቇ╬ߩᯏ㑐ߢ޽ࠅ㧘╙ੑߩ࠲ࠗࡊߪ㜞╬ᢎ⢒ᯏ㑐ࠍ᧤ߨߡ޿ࠆᄢቇࠪࠬ࠹ࡓ㧘╙ਃߩ࠲ࠗࡊߪߘࠇએᄖߩᢎ⢒㑐ㅪ࿅૕ߢ޽ࠆ‫ޕ‬ળຬߣߒߡ᳞߼ࠄࠇࠆၮḰ߇࠲ࠗࡊߏߣߦ⇣ߥࠅ㧘ᒰὼߩߎߣߣߒߡ㜞ᩞ߿ᄢቇߦߪ SAT ߿ AP ࡊࡠࠣ࡜ࡓߩⓍᭂ⊛೑↪߇᳞߼ࠄࠇߡ޿ࠆ‫ޕ‬ߐࠄߦ㧘ᄢቇㅴቇࠍ⋡ᜰߔ㜞ᩞ↢߇ᄢቇㆬ߮ߩߚ߼ߦෳᾖߔࠆ‫ޡ‬ᄢቇࠟࠗ࠼㧔College
Handbook㧕‫߽ࠄߜߎޕࠆ޿ߡࠇߐⴕ⊒ࠄ߆࠼࡯ࡏࠫ࠶࡟߽ࠞޢ‬㧘ᄢቇߦ㑐ߔࠆᖱႎឭଏߣ޿߁
ࠞ࡟࠶ࠫࡏ࡯࠼੐ᬺߩ৻ߟߢ޽ࠆ߇㧘․ߦᦨㄭߢߪ㧘ࠗࡦ࠲࡯ࡀ࠶࠻ߢߩᖱႎ⊒ାߦ߽ജࠍ౉
ࠇߡ߈ߡ޿ࠆߚ߼㧘ࡀ࠶࠻਄ߢࠨ࡯ࡆࠬࠍฃߌࠄࠇࠆࠃ߁ߦߥߞߡ޿ࠆ‫ࠃߖߦࠇߕ޿ޕ‬㧘ࠞ࡟࠶ࠫࡏ࡯࠼ߪ㧘Ფᐕ 700 ਁੱߩ↢ᓤߣߘߩ଻⼔⠪㧘2 ਁ 3,000 ߩ㜞ᩞ㧘3,500 ߩᄢቇߦኻߒߡ㧘ߐ߹ߑ߹ߥࡊࡠࠣ࡜ࡓࠍㅢߒߡᡰេࠍⴕߞߡ޿ࠆ‫ߩߎޕ‬ᢙሼ߇␜ߔߣ߅ࠅ㧘ࠞ࡟࠶ࠫࡏ࡯࠼ߪ
㜞ᩞߣᄢቇߩធ⛯ߩ㗔ၞߢᭂ߼ߡ㊀ⷐߥᓎഀࠍᨐߚߒߡ޿ࠆ࿅૕ߢ޽ࠆߣ⸒߃ࠆߩߢ޽ࠆ‫ޕ‬㧡㧚߅ࠊࠅߦ
 એ਄ᧄ┨ߢߪ㧘AP ࡊࡠࠣ࡜ࡓࠍℂ⸃ߔࠆ਄ߢᔅⷐߣߥࠆࠕࡔ࡝ࠞߩ㜞ᩞᢎ⢒ߩ᭎ⷐߦߟ޿
ߡ㧘ਥߦࡠࠨࡦ࠯࡞ࠬ⛔วቇ඙ࠍ੐଀ߣߒߡౕ૕⊛ߦ⺑᣿ߒߡ߈ߚ‫ߚ߹ޕ‬㧘AP ࡊࡠࠣ࡜ࡓߩ
▤ℂ࿅૕ߢ޽ࠆࠞ࡟࠶ࠫࡏ࡯࠼ߦߟ޿ߡ߽᭎ⷐࠍㅀߴߡ߈ߚ‫ޕ‬ᣣ☨ߩ㜞ᩞߦߪᒰὼߩߎߣߥ߇ࠄߐ߹ߑ߹ߥᏅ⇣߇ሽ࿷ߔࠆ߇㧘AP ࡊࡠࠣ࡜ࡓߣߩ㑐ଥߢ㊀ⷐߥ⋧㆑ὐߪ㧘㜞ᩞ߇ 3 ᐕ೙ߢߪߥߊ 4 ᐕ೙ߢ޽ࠅ㧘㜞ᄢធ⛯ߩ৻ᣇ╷ߢ޽ࠆ AP ࡊࡠࠣ࡜ࡓߣ⋥ធ㑐ଥߔࠆቇᐕߪ 4 ᐕ↢㧔╙ 12 ቇᐕ㧕ߢ޽ࠆߎߣߪᵈᗧߒߡ߅ߊᔅⷐ߇޽ࠆ‫ޕ‬ቇᦼ߽࠮ࡔࠬ࠲࡯೙߇ᄙߊ㧘ࡠࠨࡦ࠯࡞ࠬ⛔วቇ඙ߩ႐ว㧘1 ࠮ࡔࠬ࠲࡯ߪ 19 ㅳߢ޽ࠆߎߣ
߇᣿ࠄ߆ߦߥߞߚ‫ࠎࠈߜ߽ޕ‬㧘ቇᩞߦߪߐ߹ߑ߹ߥⴕ੐߇޽ࠆߩߢ㧘19 ㅳోߡ߇᝼ᬺᤨ㑆ߣ޿߁ࠊߌߢߪߥ޿ߦߒߡ߽㧘ߘࠇߦㄭ޿ᢙሼ߇ታ㓙ߩ᝼ᬺㅳߣߥࠈ߁‫ޕ‬߹ߚ㧘ࠕࡔ࡝ࠞߩ㜞ᩞߪ㧘ᄢቇߣห᭽㧘1 ᐕ 2 ⚵ߣ޿߁ࠃ߁ߥࠢ࡜ࠬ߇ሽ࿷ߖߕ㧘↢ᓤฦੱ߇᝼ᬺࠍㆬᛯߒߡ޿ߊߣ޿߁ㆬᛯ೙ࠍၮᧄߣߒߡ޿ࠆ‫ߡߒߘޕ‬㧘ࡠࠨࡦ࠯࡞ࠬ⛔วቇ඙ߩࠃ߁
ߦ㜞ᩞතᬺ߹ߢ߇⟵ോᢎ⢒Ბ㓏ߢ޽ࠆ႐ว㧘౏┙ቇᩞౝߦߪቇജ⊛ߦᄙ᭽ߥ↢ᓤ߇࿷☋ߒ㧘ㆬ

― 14 ―

ᛯ೙ߦߖߑࠆࠍᓧߥ޿ߣ޿߁໧㗴߽ᛴ߃ߡ޿ࠆ‫ޕ‬޿ߕࠇߦߖࠃ㧘AP ⑼⋡ߪߎ߁ߒߚㆬᛯ⑼⋡ߩ৻ߟߣߒߡ૏⟎ߠߌࠄࠇߡ޿ࠆߎߣߦߥࠆ‫ޕ‬ߚߛ㧘ฃ⻠ࠍᏗᦸߔࠆ↢ᓤ߇ߺߥߎߩ AP ⑼⋡ࠍฃߌࠄࠇࠆࠊߌߢߪߥߊ㧘ࠞ࠙ࡦ࠮࡜࡯ߣߩ
⋧⺣ߦࠃߞߡ⸵นࠍฃߌߚ⠪ߛߌ߇ฃߌࠄࠇࠆࠃ߁ߦߥߞߡ޿ࠆ‫ߪߩࠆ߃⸒ߦ⊛⥸৻ޕ‬㧘ቇᬺᚑ❣߇⧐ߒߊߥ޿႐วฃ⻠ߪ⸵นߐࠇߥ޿‫ߡߞ߇ߚߒޕ‬㧘↢ᓤ߇ AP ⑼⋡ࠍጁୃߒߡ޿ࠆߎߣ
ߪ㧘ߘߩ↢ᓤߪ㜞ᩞߢߩᚑ❣߇⦟ᅢߢ޽ࠆߎߣࠍ␜ߒߡ޿ࠆ‫ޕ‬ㄭᐕߩጁୃ⠪Ⴧടߦߪ㧘ᄢቇ౉ቇ⠪ㆬᛮߦ߅޿ߡߘߩጁୃᱧ߇᦭೑ߦ௛޿ߡ޿ࠆߎߣ߇ߘߩ৻ߟߩⷐ࿃ߣߒߡ᜼ߍࠄࠇࠆ‫޿ޕ‬ߕࠇߦߖࠃ㧘Ფᐕᑧߴ 230 ਁੱ߇ AP ⹜㛎ࠍฃߌߡ޿ࠆ㧔AP ⑼⋡ጁୃߩߺߩ↢ᓤᢙࠍട߃ࠇ
߫㧘ߘߩᢙߪߐࠄߦჇടߔࠆ㧕ߎߣߦ㐓ߺࠇ߫㧘㜞ᩞ↢ߦߣߞߡ AP ࡊࡠࠣ࡜ࡓߪ߽ߪ߿․೎
ߥሽ࿷ߢߪߥߊߥࠅߟߟ޽ࠆ‫ޕ‬AP ࡊࡠࠣ࡜ࡓߩዉ౉⚻✲ࠍߺࠇ߫᣿ࠄ߆ߥߣ߅ࠅ㧘ర᧪ቇജ
ఝ⑲ߥ৻ㇱߩ↢ᓤߛߌࠍኻ⽎ߦߒߚࡊࡠࠣ࡜ࡓߢ޽ߞߚߦ߽㑐ࠊࠄߕ㧘⃻࿷ߢߪ߆ߥࠅ᜛ᄢߒ
ߡ޿ࠆߣ⸒߃ࠆ‫ ߦ߁ࠃߩߤޕ‬AP ࡊࡠࠣ࡜ࡓ߇᜛ᄢߒߡ߈ߚߩ߆ߦߟ޿ߡߪ㧘ᰴ┨ߢ᣿ࠄ߆ߦ
ߒߡ޿ߊߎߣߦߒߚ޿‫ޕ‬‫ޣ‬ᵈ‫ޤ‬1 ࠕࡔ࡝ࠞߢߩᓟᦼਛ╬ᢎ⢒Ბ㓏㧔ਥߣߒߡ╙ 9 ቇᐕ߆ࠄ╙ 12 ቇᐕ߹ߢ㧕ߩቇᩞฬ⒓ߪ㧘ᔅߕߒ߽٤٤High School ߢ⛔৻ߐࠇߡ޿ࠆࠊߌߢߪߥߊ㧘ࠕࠞ࠺ࡒ࡯㧔Academy㧕߿࡜࡯࠾ࡦ
ࠣ࠮ࡦ࠲㧔Learning Center㧕㧘ߐࠄߦනߦࠬࠢ࡯࡞㧔School㧕╬㧘ᄙ⒳ᄙ᭽ߢ޽ࠆ‫߇ߚߒޕ‬ߞߡ㧘ᒰ⹥ቇᩞ߇╙ 1 ቇᐕ߆ࠄ╙ 12 ቇᐕߩ߁ߜߤߩቇᐕߩ↢ᓤࠍᢎ⢒ߔࠆᯏ㑐ߢ޽ࠆߩ߆
ࠍ߹ߕߪ⏕⹺ߔࠆᔅⷐ߇޽ࠆ‫ߪߢᦠᧄޕ‬㧘ᣣᧄੱߦ৻⇟㚔ᨴߺ߇޽ࠆߣ޿߁ℂ↱߆ࠄ㧘╙ 9ቇᐕ߆ࠄ╙ 12 ቇᐕࠍኻ⽎ߣߔࠆቇᩞߩฬ⒓ࠍ㧘ࡂࠗࠬࠢ࡯࡞ߣࠞ࠲ࠞ࠽⴫⸥ߖߕߦ㧘㜞ᩞ
㧔High School㧕ߦ⛔৻ߔࠆߎߣߦߔࠆ‫ޕ‬2ᢥㇱ⑼ቇ⋭✬‫ޡ‬2003 ⻉ᄖ࿖ߩᢎ⢒ߩേ߈‫ޢ‬2004 ᐕ‫ޕ‬
3 College Board (2008). The 4th Annual AP Report to the Nation. ߎߩ࡟ࡐ࡯࠻ߢߩ⴫ࠍߺࠆ
ߣ㧘ᄙߊߪ╙ 11 ቇᐕ㧘╙ 12 ቇᐕߢ AP ⹜㛎ࠍฃ㛎ߒߡ޿ࠆ߇㧘╙ 10 ቇᐕߦ߽㧘↟ߛߒߊߪ╙ 9 ቇᐕߢ߽ฃ㛎ߒߡ޿ࠆ↢ᓤ߇޿ࠆߎߣ߇ࠊ߆ࠆ‫ޕ‬
4 B High School (2004). 2004-2005 Student Handbook.
5 B 㜞ᩞߢ෼㓸ߒߚ⾗ᢱࠃࠅ‫ޕ‬
6 A 㜞ᩞߢ෼㓸ߒߚ⾗ᢱࠃࠅ‫ޕ‬
7 C 㜞ᩞߢߩᩞ㐳ߣߩࠗࡦ࠲ࡆࡘ࡯ࠃࠅ‫ޕ‬
8 B High School (2004). 2004-2005 Student Handbook.
9
Los Angeles Unified School District (2006). Model of High School Student’s Schedule toMeet Graduation Requirements.
10
B High School (2004). 2004-2005 Student Handbook.
11 Ibid.
12 A 㜞ᩞߢ෼㓸ߒߚ⾗ᢱࠃࠅ‫ޕ‬
13 B High School (2004). 2004-2005 Student Handbook.

― 15 ―

14ߚߛߒ㧘ߎߩ 4640 ߣ޿߁ᢙሼߪ SAT ߩว⸘ὐߘߩ߽ߩߢߪߥߊ㧘ᄢቇ஥ߩ⸘▚ᑼ㧔޿ࠊࠁࠆ௑ᢳ㈩ὐ㧕ߦၮߠ޿ߡ▚಴ߐࠇߚὐᢙߢ޽ࠆ‫ޕ‬
㧔B High School (2004). 2004-2005 Student

Handbook.㧕

Ibid.
16 Ibid.
17 International Baccalaureate Organization (2008). The International Baccalaureate
North America.
<http://www.ibo.org/ibna/actionkits/documents/Introduction_001.pdf>
18 ᴡวਭ‫ ╙ޟ‬9 ┨ ࡢࠪࡦ࠻ࡦᎺߦ߅ߌࠆ㜞ᄢធ⛯ࡊࡠࠣ࡜ࡓ‫ޠ‬‫੹ޡ‬ᓟߩᓟᦼਛ╬ᢎ⢒ߩ࿷ࠅᣇߦ㑐ߔࠆ⎇ⓥ‫ޢ‬࿖┙ᢎ⢒᡽╷⎇ⓥᚲ㧘2007 ᐕ㧘391 㗁‫ޕ‬
19 ห਄㧘391㧙394 㗁‫ޕ‬
20 ൎ㊁Ḯ㗬ᒾ‫ޡ‬㜞ᄢㅪ៤ߣߪ૗߆‫ޢ‬ቇ੐಴ 㧘2004 ᐕ‫ޕ‬
21 College Board (2008). The History of the AP Program.
<http://apcentral.collegeboard.com/apc/public/program/history/8019.html>
22Ibid.
23 Ꮉญੳᔒ‫☨ޟ‬࿖ߩࠕ࠼ࡃࡦࠬ࠻࡮ࡊ࡟ࠗࠬࡔࡦ࠻࡮ࡊࡠࠣ࡜ࡓ‫ޠ‬‫ޡ‬ᣣᧄᲧセᢎ⢒ቇળ♿ⷐ‫ޢ‬
10 ภ㧘1984 ᐕ㧘96 㗁‫ޕ‬24 College Board (2008). The History of the AP Program.
<http://apcentral.collegeboard.com/apc/public/program/history/8019.html>
25 Ꮉญੳᔒ‫☨ޟ‬࿖ߩࠕ࠼ࡃࡦࠬ࠻࡮ࡊ࡟ࠗࠬࡔࡦ࠻࡮ࡊࡠࠣ࡜ࡓ‫ޠ‬‫ޡ‬ᣣᧄᲧセᢎ⢒ቇળ♿ⷐ‫ޢ‬
10 ภ㧘1984 ᐕ㧘100 㗁‫ޕ‬
26 College Board (2008). Office.
<http://www.collegeboard.com/about/association/offices.html>
27
Brubacher, J.S and Rudy, B. W. (1997). Higher Education in Transition. Transaction
Publishers. pp.241-263.
28College Board (2008). About Us.
<http://www.collegeboard.com/about/index.html>
29
Ibid.
15

― 16 ―

╙㧞┨ AP ࡊࡠࠣ࡜ࡓߩ⊒ዷߣᡰេ

ዊ㊁ኹ 㚅
㧔᧲ർᄢቇ㧕
㧝㧚ߪߓ߼ߦ ╙ 1 ┨ߢ⸒෸ߒߚߣ߅ࠅ㧘AP ࡊࡠࠣ࡜ࡓߪ৻ㇱߩఝ⑲ߥ㜞ᩞ↢ࠍኻ⽎ߣߒߡ㧘ᓐࠄߩ౞Ṗߥ㜞ᄢធ⛯ࠍଦߔߎߣࠍ⋡⊛ߣߒߡ޿ߚ‫ߡߞ߇ߚߒޕ‬㧘ࠞ࡟࠶ࠫࡏ࡯࠼߇ AP ࡊࡠࠣ࡜ࡓࠍ㐿ᆎߒߚᒰೋ㧘หࡊࡠࠣ࡜ࡓߦෳടߒߡ޿ߚߩߪᚑ❣ఝ⑲ߥ৻ㇱߩ㜞ᩞ↢ߩߺߢ޽ߞߚߣ⸒߃ࠆ‫ޕ‬ߘߩᓟߎߩࡊࡠࠣ࡜ࡓߪ㧘ో☨ฦ࿾ߦ㗅⺞ߦ᥉෸ߒ㧘ᄙߊߩ㜞ᩞ߇หࡊࡠࠣ࡜ࡓߦෳടߔࠆࠃ
߁ߦߥߞߡ޿ߊ‫ߦࠄߐޕ‬㧘AP ࡊࡠࠣ࡜ࡓߩ㐿ᆎ߆ࠄ߅ࠃߘ 50 ᐕࠍ⚻ߚ⃻࿷ߢߪ㧘ታ㓙ᭂ߼ߡᄙߊߩ↢ᓤ߇ෳടߒߡ޿ࠆ‫ޕ‬AP ࡊࡠࠣ࡜ࡓ߇᜛ᄢߒߡ޿ߊߎߣߪ㧘ࠃࠅᄙߊߩ㜞ᩞ↢߇หࡊࡠࠣ࡜ࡓߦࠕࠢ࠮ࠬߢ߈ࠆ
ߎߣࠍᗧ๧ߒ㧘ࡊࡠࠣ࡜ࡓߩ‫ޟ‬᳃ਥൻ‫ߡߒߣޠ‬⢐ቯ⊛ߦ⹏ଔߢ߈ࠃ߁‫ࠄ߇ߥߒ߆ߒޕ‬㧘޽ߊ߹ߢᚑ❣ఝ⑲ߥ৻ㇱߩ↢ᓤࠍኻ⽎ߣߒߚࡊࡠࠣ࡜ࡓߢ޽ࠆߣ޿߁หࡊࡠࠣ࡜ࡓߩᧄ᧪ߩ⿰ᣦࠍ⠨ᘦߔࠇ߫㧘ߎߩ᜛ᄢࠍᚻ᡼ߒߢ༑߱ߎߣ߽ߢ߈ߥ޿ߢ޽ࠈ߁‫ޕ‬ታ㓙㧘AP ࡊࡠࠣ࡜ࡓߩ⾰ߩૐਅߣ޿ߞߚ໧㗴߽ߒ߫ߒ߫ᜰ៰ߐࠇߡ޿ࠆ‫ޕ‬ߎߩࠃ߁ߦߐ߹ߑ߹ߥน⢻ᕈߣ໧㗴ὐࠍᛴ߃ߡ޿ࠆ AP ࡊࡠࠣ࡜ࡓߢ޽ࠆ߇㧘᜛ᄢ߽ߒߊߪ
᥉෸ߣ޿߁ᣇะߢ⊒ዷߒߡ߈ߚߎߣߪ⇼޿ߩߥ޿੐ታߢ޽ࠆ‫ ߚߒ߁ߎߪߢ┨ᧄޕ‬AP ࡊࡠࠣ࡜ࡓߩ᜛ᄢ㕙ߦὶὐࠍ޽ߡ㧘ߘߩ㐿ᆎ߆ࠄ⃻࿷ߦ⥋ࠆ߹ߢ㧘․ߦߘߩෳട⠪ᢙߣ⑼⋡ᢙߩផ⒖߆
ࠄ᜛ᄢߩ᭎ᴫࠍౕ૕⊛ߥᢙሼࠍㅢߒߡ᣿ࠄ߆ߦߔࠆ‫ ࠎࠈߜ߽ޕ‬AP ࡊࡠࠣ࡜ࡓ߇᜛ᄢߒߡ߈ߚ
⢛᥊ߦߪ㧘ጁୃᏗᦸ⠪ߩჇടߣ޿ߞߚ↢ᓤ஥ߩⷐ࿃߽޽ࠆ߇㧘▤ℂ⠪ߢ޽ࠆࠞ࡟࠶ࠫࡏ࡯࠼߿
ㅪ㇌᡽ᐭ╬ߩ㐳ᦼߦࠊߚࠆ᜛ᄢᡰេ╷߽㊀ⷐߥⷐ࿃ߢ޽ࠆߣ⸒߃ࠆ‫ߩߎޕ‬ὐߦߟ޿ߡౕ߽૕⊛ߦ⸒෸ߔࠆߎߣߦߒߚ޿‫ޕ‬㧞㧚#2 ࡊࡠࠣ࡜ࡓෳട⠪ߩჇട㧔㧝㧕ෳട⠪ᢙߩផ⒖
╙ 1 ┨ߢ⸒෸ߒߚߣ߅ࠅ㧘㜞ᩞߣᄢቇߩធ⛯ߦߟ޿ߡᬌ⸛ߒߚࠤੑࠝࡦ࡮ࡊ࡜ࡦߩ߽ߣߢ APࡊࡠࠣ࡜ࡓߩ⹜ⴕ߇⚳ੌߔࠆߣ㧘ࠞ࡟࠶ࠫࡏ࡯࠼ߪ 1955 ᐕߦหࡊࡠࠣ࡜ࡓߩㆇ༡ࠍᧄᩰ⊛ߦ㐿ᆎߒߚ‫ޕ‬ᒰೋߘࠇߪቇᬺ߇ఝ⑲ߥ৻ㇱߩ㜞ᩞ↢ߩߺࠍኻ⽎ߣߒߡ޿ߚ߇㧘ߘߩᓟࡊࡠࠣ࡜ࡓ
߳ෳടߔࠆ↢ᓤᢙߪჇടߩ৻ㅜࠍߚߤࠅ㧘AP ࡊࡠࠣ࡜ࡓߪ⃻࿷ߦ⥋ࠆ߅ࠃߘ 50 ᐕ㑆ߦ⪺ߒ޿⊒ዷࠍㆀߍߡ߈ߡ޿ࠆ‫ޕ‬― 17 ―

AP ࡊࡠࠣ࡜ࡓߩ⊒ዷߦߟ޿ߡߪ㧘AP ⹜㛎ߦෳടߔࠆ㜞ᩞᢙ㧘AP ⹜㛎ߩฃ㛎⠪ᢙ㧘ߘߒߡAP ⹜㛎ߩᚑ❣ߦᔕߓߡන૏⹺ቯ╬ࠍⴕ߁ᄢቇᢙߩ഍⊛ߥჇട߆ࠄ⷗ࠆߎߣ߇ߢ߈ࠆ‫ޕ‬એਅߩ⴫ 2㧙1 ߪߎࠇࠄࠍ␜ߒߚ߽ߩߢ޽ࠆ‫ޕ‬⴫㧞㧙㧝 #2 ⹜㛎ෳടᢙ

ᐕᐲ

㜞ᩞᢙ

↢ᓤᢙ

ฃ㛎⠪ᢙ

ᄢቇᢙ

1955㧙56

104

1,229

2,199

130

1960㧙61

1,126

13,283

17,603617

1965㧙66

2,518

38,17850,104

1,076

1970㧙71

3,342

57,85074,4091,382

1975㧙76

3,937

75,651

98,898

1,580

1980㧙81

5,253

133,702

178,159

1,955

1985㧙86

7,201

231,378

319,224

2,125

1990㧙91

9,786

359,120535,186

2,587

1995㧙96

11,712537,428

843,423

2,895

2000㧙01

13,680844,741

1,414,387

3,199

2005㧙06

16,0001,339,282

2,312,611

3,638

಴ᚲ㧕College Board (2008). Annual AP Program Participation 1956-2007.
<http://apcentral.collegeboard.com/apc/public/repository/2007_Annual_Participation.pdf >ࠍ߽ߣߦ╩⠪૞ᚑ‫ޕ‬
ߎߩ⴫ 2㧙1 ߪ㧘AP ⑼⋡ߢߪߥߊ AP ⹜㛎ࠍၮḰߦ␜ߒߚᢙሼߢ޽ࠅ㧘ߘߩ⹜㛎ߦෳടߒߚ
‫ޟ‬㜞ᩞᢙ‫ޠ‬㧘AP ⹜㛎ߦෳടߒߚ‫↢ޟ‬ᓤᢙ‫ ߣޠ‬AP ⹜㛎ߩ‫ޟ‬ฃ㛎⠪ᢙ‫ޠ‬㧘AP ⹜㛎ߩ⚿ᨐࠍන૏ߣ
ߒߡ⹺ቯߔࠆ‫ޟ‬ᄢቇᢙ‫ ࠇߙࠇߘࠍޠ‬5 ᐕߏߣߦ␜ߒߚ߽ߩߢ޽ࠆ‫↢ޕ‬ᓤ 1 ੱ߇ⶄᢙ⑼⋡ߩ AP⹜㛎ࠍฃ㛎ߔࠆ႐ว߇⃟ߒߊߥ޿ߚ߼㧘‫↢ޟ‬ᓤᢙ‫ޟࠅࠃޠ‬ฃ㛎⠪ᢙ‫߇ޠ‬ᄙߊߥߞߡ޿ࠆ‫޿⸒ޕ‬឵߃ࠇ߫㧘‫ޟ‬ฃ㛎⠪ᢙ‫ߪޠ‬ᑧߴ‫↢ޟ‬ᓤᢙ‫ޕࠆ޽ߢޠ‬਄⸥⴫ 2㧙1 ߆ࠄ㧘߹ߕฦ㗄⋡ߩᢙሼߩિ߮߇ᭂ߼ߡᄢ߈ߊߥߞߡ޿ࠆߎߣ߇ߘߩ․ᓽߣߒ
ߡ᜼ߍࠄࠇࠆ‫ޕ‬‫↢ޟ‬ᓤᢙ‫ߦޠ‬㑐ߒߡߪ㧘AP ࡊࡠࠣ࡜ࡓ߇㐿ᆎߐࠇߚ‫ޟ‬1955㧙56‫ޠ‬ᐕᐲߦߪࠊߕ
߆ 1,229 ੱߢ޽ߞߚ߇㧘ߘߩᢙߪᐕ‫ޘ‬Ⴧടߒ⛯ߌ㧘‫ޟ‬1980㧙81‫ޠ‬ᐕᐲ߹ߢߦߪ 10 ਁੱࠍ⿥߃ߚ‫ޕ‬߹ߚ㧘ߘߩ 5 ᐕᓟߩ‫ޟ‬1985㧙86‫ޠ‬ᐕᐲߦߪߐࠄߦ⚂ 10 ਁੱჇടߒ㧘20 ਁੱࠍ⿥߃ߡ޿ࠆ‫ߒޕ‬߆߽㧘ߘߩᓟ߽‫↢ޟ‬ᓤᢙ‫ߪޠ‬Ⴧ߃⛯ߌߡ߅ࠅ㧘‫ޟ‬1995㧙96‫ޠ‬ᐕᐲߦߪ 50 ਁੱࠍ⿥߃㧘‫ޟ‬2005㧙
06‫ޠ‬ᐕᐲ߹ߢߦ 100 ਁੱࠍ߽਄࿁ߞߡ߈ߡ޿ࠆ‫ޕ‬৻ᣇ㧘AP ⹜㛎߳ߩෳട‫ޟ‬㜞ᩞᢙ‫ߩޠ‬Ⴧട߽⪺ߒ޿‫ޕ‬‫ޟ‬1955㧙56‫ޠ‬ᐕᐲߦࠊߕ߆ 104 ᩞߢ޽ߞߚ߇㧘5 ᐕᓟߦߪ߅ࠃߘ 10 ୚ߩ 1,126 ᩞ߹ߢჇടߒߡ޿ࠆ‫ߦࠄߐޕ‬㧘ߘߩ 5 ᐕᓟߩ‫ޟ‬1965― 18 ―

㧙66‫ޠ‬ᐕᐲߦߪ 2,518 ᩞߣߥࠅ㧘5 ᐕ㑆ߢ AP ⹜㛎ߦෳടߒߚ‫ޟ‬㜞ᩞᢙ‫ ߪޠ‬2 ୚એ਄Ⴧടߒߡ
޿ࠆ‫ߡߒߘޕ‬㧘ᣧߊ߽‫ޟ‬1995㧙96‫ޠ‬ᐕᐲ߹ߢߦߘߩᢙߪᄢบߩ 1 ਁᩞࠍ߽⿥߃ߡ߈ߡ޿ࠆߩߢ
޽ࠆ‫ޕ‬
ߐࠄߦ㧘㜞ᩞ஥ߛߌߢߪߥߊ㧘AP ⹜㛎ߩᚑ❣ߦၮߠ޿ߡᄢቇߩන૏ߣߒߡ⹺ቯߔࠆ‫ޟ‬ᄢቇᢙ‫߽ޠ‬ห᭽ߦჇടߒߡ߈ߚ‫ޕ‬‫ޟ‬1955㧙56‫ޠ‬ᐕߩᤨὐߢߪࠊߕ߆ 130 ᩞߩߺߢ޽ߞߚ‫ޟ‬ᄢቇᢙ‫ޠ‬߇㧘10 ᐕᓟߩ‫ޟ‬1965㧙66‫ޠ‬ᐕᐲߦߪᣧߊ߽ 1,000 ᩞࠍ⿥߃ߡ޿ࠆ‫ߡߒߘޕ‬㧘ߘߩᓟ߽ AP ⹜㛎ߩᚑ❣ߦၮߠ޿ߡන૏⹺ቯ╬ࠍⴕߥ߁‫ޟ‬ᄢቇᢙ‫ߣޘ⌕ߪޠ‬Ⴧടߒ⛯ߌ㧘20 ᐕᓟߩ‫ޟ‬1985㧙
86‫ޠ‬ᐕᐲߦߪ 2,000 ᩞ㧘ߐࠄߦߘߩ 15 ᐕᓟߩ‫ޟ‬2000㧙01‫ޠ‬ᐕᐲߦߪ 3,000 ᩞࠍ⿥߃㧘‫ޟ‬2005
㧙06‫ޠ‬ᐕᐲߩ 3,600 ᩞߦ߹ߢ⥋ߞߡ޿ࠆ‫ߩߎޕ‬ᢙሼߪ㧘⚂ 4,000 ᩞߣ⸒ࠊࠇࠆࠕࡔ࡝ࠞߩᄢቇ
ᢙ߆ࠄߔࠇ߫㧘ߘߩ߁ߜߩ⚂ 9 ഀ߇ AP ⹜㛎⚿ᨐߦၮߠ޿ߡන૏⹺ቯ╬ࠍⴕߞߡ޿ࠆߎߣࠍᗧ
๧ߔࠆ‫ߩߎޕ‬ὐߢ AP ࡊࡠࠣ࡜ࡓߪ㜞ᩞ஥ߛߌߢߪߥߊ㧘ᄢቇ஥߳ߩ᥉෸߽⪺ߒ޿ߣ⸒߃ࠆ‫ޕ‬ߎߩࠃ߁ߦ AP ࡊࡠࠣ࡜ࡓߪ㧘ᒰೋߏߊዋᢙߩ㜞ᩞߣᄢቇ߆ࠄ಴⊒ߒߥ߇ࠄ߽㧘⪺ߒ޿᜛ᄢࠍㆀߍߡ߈ߡ޿ࠆ‫ߡߒߘޕ‬㧘ߘߩㆊ⒟ߢో☨࡟ࡌ࡞ߩࡊࡠࠣ࡜ࡓ߳ߣ⊒ዷߒߡ߈ߚߩߢ޽ࠆ‫ޕ‬ߐࠄߦ㧘⃻࿷߽ AP ࡊࡠࠣ࡜ࡓߩෳട⠪ߪჇടߒ⛯ߌߡ߅ࠅ㧘੹ᓟߘࠇ߇ߤߎ߹ߢჇ߃ࠆߩ߆
ᵈ⋡ߦ୯ߔࠆ‫ޕ‬㧔㧞㧕ࡎ࡯ࡓࠬࠢ࡯࡞ߣ #2 ࡊࡠࠣ࡜ࡓ
 AP ࡊࡠࠣ࡜ࡓ߳ෳടߔࠆ↢ᓤߩੱᢙ߇ߎࠇ߹ߢ㘧べ⊛ߦჇടߒߡ߈ߚߎߣߪ㧘ߔߢߦ⴫ 2
㧙1 ߢ␜ߒߚ߇㧘ߘࠇߦ઻ߞߡᣂߒ޿࠲ࠗࡊߩ㜞ᩞ↢߇ࡊࡠࠣ࡜ࡓߦෳടߒߡ߈ߡ޿ࠆߎߣ߽
ᵈ⋡ߦ୯ߔࠆ‫ ⴫ޕ‬2㧙2 ߪ㧘㜞ᩞߩ࠲ࠗࡊ೎ߦ AP ⹜㛎ฃ㛎⠪ᢙߩផ⒖ࠍ 2000 ᐕߣ 2005 ᐕߣߢᲧセߒߚ߽ߩߢ޽ࠆ‫ߪߢࠞ࡝ࡔࠕޕ‬㜞ᩞࠍಽ㘃ߔࠆ㓙㧘ᕁᗐ࡮ା᧦ߩ⥄↱ߣቇᩞᢎ⢒߇੎ὐൻߔࠆߎߣ߇޽ࠆߚ߼㧘‫ޟ‬ቬᢎ♽‫ߡߖߐ┙⁛ࠄ߆ޠ┙⑳ޟࠍޠ‬ಽ㘃ߔࠆߎߣ߇ߒ߫ߒ߫ߺࠄࠇࠆ
߇㧘⴫ 2㧙2 ߽ߘࠇߦᓥߞߚ߽ߩߢ޽ࠆ‫ߦ⥸৻ߚ߹ޕ‬ዋᢙߢ޽ࠆߚ߼ߦ㜞ᩞߩಽ㘃ߦ⊓႐ߒߡߎߥ޿ߩ߇‫߇ࠆ޽ߢޠ࡞࡯ࠢࠬࡓ࡯ࡎޟ‬㧘ߘࠇߢ߽ㄭᐕჇട₸߇㗼⪺ߣ޿߁ߎߣߢ⴫ߢߪಽ㘃ߐࠇߡ޿ࠆ‫ߪޠ࡞࡯ࠢࠬࡓ࡯ࡎޟߩߎޕ‬㧘ਥߦᕁᗐ࡮ା᧦⊛ߥℂ↱߆ࠄᣢሽߩቇᩞ߳ߩㅢቇࠍ
ᜎุߒ㧘ኅᐸࠍ‫ޟ‬ቇᩞ‫ࠆߔߣޠ‬ᢎ⢒ᒻᘒߢ޽ࠆ‫ߚߒ߁ߎޕ‬ᢎ⢒ᒻᘒࠍᱜⷙߩቇᩞᢎ⢒ߣห╬ߦᛒ߁ߎߣ߇น⢻߆ߤ߁߆ߦߟ޿ߡ㧘߹ߚⷫࠍ‫ޟ‬ᢎຬ‫ࠆߔߣޠ‬ὐ߆ࠄᢎຬߩ⾰ߦ㑐ߒߡ㧘ߐࠄߦቇ඙ߩᢎ⢒⺖⒟ߦᓥߞߡ޿ࠆߣߪ㒢ࠄߥ޿ߣ޿߁ὐ߆ࠄᢎ⢒ౝኈߩ⾰଻⸽ߦ㑐ߒߡⵙ್ߢ߽੎
ࠊࠇߡ߈ߚ߇㧘⃻࿷ᄙߊߩᎺߢߎߩᢎ⢒ᒻᘒࠍᱜⷙߩቇᩞᢎ⢒ߣห╬ߦᛒ޿㧘౏⊛ᡰេ߽ⴕࠊ
ࠇߡ߈ߡ޿ࠆ‫ޕ‬⴫ 2㧙2 ߆ࠄ᣿ࠄ߆ߥߎߣߪ㧘ቇᩞߩ࠲ࠗࡊߦ㑐ࠊࠄߕ AP ⹜㛎ࠍฃ㛎ߔࠆ↢ᓤߩᢙߪ 2000
ᐕ߆ࠄ 2005 ᐕߦ߆ߌߡჇടߒߡ޿ࠆߎߣߢ޽ࠆ‫ޕ‬‫ޠ┙౏ޟ‬㜞ᩞߦ߅޿ߡ 2000 ᐕߦ AP ⹜㛎ࠍฃ㛎ߒߚ↢ᓤߩᢙߪ⚂ 102 ਁੱߢ޽ߞߚߩ߇㧘2005 ᐕߦߪ⚂ 176 ਁੱ߹ߢჇടߒߡ߅ࠅ㧘‫౏ޟ‬┙‫ޠ‬㜞ᩞߦ߅޿ߡ㗼⪺ߥ AP ࡊࡠࠣ࡜ࡓߩ᜛ᄢ߇⷗ߡขࠇࠆ‫ߒߛߚޕ‬㧘Ⴧടߩഀวߣ޿߁ὐ߆
ࠄߔࠇ߫‫ߩޠ࡞࡯ࠢࠬࡓ࡯ࡎޟ‬ᣇ߇ߐࠄߦ⪺ߒ޿‫ޕ‬2000 ᐕߦ AP ⹜㛎ࠍฃ㛎ߒߚ‫ࠢࠬࡓ࡯ࡎޟ‬― 19 ―

࡯࡞‫↢ߩޠ‬ᓤߪࠊߕ߆ 410 ੱߢ޽ߞߚ߇㧘2005 ᐕߦߪ߅ࠃߘ 3 ୚ߣߥࠆ 1,282 ੱߦ߹ߢჇട
ߒߡ޿ࠆߩߢ޽ࠆ‫ޕ‬⴫㧞㧙㧞 㜞ᩞߩ࠲ࠗࡊ೎ߦߺߚ #2 ⹜㛎ฃ㛎⠪ᢙߩផ⒖㜞ᩞߩ࠲ࠗࡊ

AP ⹜㛎ࠍฃ㛎ߒߚ↢ᓤߩᢙ
2000 ᐕ

2005 ᐕ

౏┙

1,020,015

1,759,296

⑳┙

133,516

176,324

ቬᢎ♽

71,353

112,835

ࡎ࡯ࡓࠬࠢ࡯࡞

410

1,282

ߘߩઁή⸥౉

17,028

15,308

಴ᚲ㧕Education Week, April 26, 2006. More Home Schoolers Taking Advanced Placement Tests.

ߎߩࠃ߁ߦ AP ⹜㛎ࠍฃߌࠆ‫↢ߩޠ࡞࡯ࠢࠬࡓ࡯ࡎޟ‬ᓤᢙ߇Ⴧടߒߚਥߚࠆⷐ࿃ߪ㧘⥄ಽ㆐
ߩఝ⑲ᕈࠍో☨౒ㅢ⹜㛎ߢ޽ࠆ AP ⹜㛎ߩᚑ❣ߢ␜ߔߎߣߦࠃߞߡ㧘․ߦㆬᛮᕈߩ㜞޿ᄢቇ߳ߩ౉ቇߩน⢻ᕈࠍ㜞߼ࠃ߁ߣ⹜ߺߡ޿ࠆߎߣ߇᜼ߍࠄࠇࠆ‫ޕ‬‫↢ߩޠ࡞࡯ࠢࠬࡓ࡯ࡎޟ‬ᓤߪ㧘SAT╬ߩᚑ❣ࠍឭ಴ߔࠆߎߣߦߥࠆߦߒߡ߽㧘ᒰὼߩߎߣߥ߇ࠄ GPA ߦ⋥ធ㑐ଥߔࠆ㜞ᩞߢߩᚑ❣⸽᣿ᦠࠍᜬߚߥ޿‫߼ߚߩߘޕ‬㧘ᓐࠄ߇ቇᬺ㕙ߢఝࠇߡ޿ࠆߣ޿߁ߎߣࠍ SAT એᄖߢ⸽᣿ߔࠆ
߽ߩࠍ߽ߟߎߣߪ㧘ߘࠇߛߌᄢቇ౉ቇ⠪ㆬᛮߩ㓙ߦ᦭೑ߦ௛ߊߩߢ޽ࠆ‫ޕ‬߽߁৻ߟߩჇടⷐ࿃ߣߒߡߪ㧘‫↢ߩޠ࡞࡯ࠢࠬࡓ࡯ࡎޟ‬ᓤ߇ AP ⑼⋡ࠍጁୃߢ߈ࠆࠃ߁ߥⅣႺ
߇ᢛ஻ߐࠇߡ߈ߚߎߣ߇᜼ߍࠄࠇࠆ‫ޕ‬AP ⑼⋡ߪၮᧄ⊛ߦ㜞ᩞߢⴕࠊࠇߡ޿ࠆߚ߼㧘ࡎ࡯ࡓࠬࠢ࡯࡞ߩ↢ᓤ߇ AP ⹜㛎ߦะߌߡߘߩḰ஻ቇ⠌ࠍߒߚ޿ߣ⠨߃ࠆ႐ว㧘AP ⑼⋡ߩᤨ㑆ߛߌ㜞ᩞߦ಴ะߊᔅⷐ߇޽ࠆ‫ߒߛߚޕ‬㧘ቇᩞߢߩᢎ⢒ࠍᜎุߒߡ޿ࠆ‫↢ߩޠ࡞࡯ࠢࠬࡓ࡯ࡎޟ‬ᓤߦߣߞߡ㧘ߎࠇߪ߆ߥࠅฃߌ౉ࠇ㔍޿໧㗴ߢ޽ࠆ‫⁁ߚߒ߁ߎޕ‬ᴫߩ‫ޟ‬ᢇ਎ਥ‫߇ߩߚߞߥߣޠ‬㧘ㄭᐕࠗࡦ࠲࡯ࡀ࠶࠻ߩ᥉෸ߣߣ߽ߦ⊓႐ߒߚࠝࡦ࡜ࠗࡦࠦ࡯ࠬߢ޽ࠆ‫ߞⴕࠍ࡞࡯ࠢࠬࡓ࡯ࡎ߽ࠄ⥄ޕ‬ߡ޿ࠆ࡝࠶࠴ࡑࡦᄦᆄ㧔Susan㧒HowardRichman㧕߇ㆇ༡ߔࠆ PA ࡎ࡯ࡓࠬࠢ࡯࡜࡯࠭㧔PA
Homeschoolers㧕ߪ㧘ࠝࡦ࡜ࠗࡦࠦ࡯ࠬߩ೑ଢᕈࠍ↢߆ߒߡ㧘ㄭᐕหࡎ࡯ࡓࠬࠢ࡯࡜࡯࠭߳ߩ
⊓㍳⠪ᢙࠍᕆㅦߦિ߫ߒߡ߈ߡ޿ࠆ‫߼ߚߩߘޕ‬㧘ታᢙߪ㕖Ᏹߦዋᢙߢ޽ࠆߦߒߡ߽㧘ࡎ࡯ࡓࠬࠢ࡯࡞ߩ↢ᓤߩ AP ⹜㛎ฃ㛎⠪ᢙߪ੹ᓟߐࠄߦჇടߒߡ޿ߊߣ⠨߃ࠄࠇࠆ‫ޕ‬㧔㧟㧕ࠝࡦ࡜ࠗࡦ #2 ⑼⋡߽ߜࠈࠎ㧘ᤨ㑆ߣ႐ᚲߦ೙㒢ߩߥ޿ࠝࡦ࡜ࠗࡦࠦ࡯ࠬߩኻ⽎߇ࡎ࡯ࡓࠬࠢ࡯࡞ߩ↢ᓤߦ㒢ቯߐࠇࠆᔅⷐߪߥ޿‫ޕ‬ቇᩞߦ࿷☋ߒߡ޿ࠆ↢ᓤߢ޽ߞߡ߽㧘ቇᩞߢ㐿⻠ߐࠇߡ޿ߥ޿ AP ⑼⋡ߩ― 20 ―

ቇ⠌ߩߚ߼ߦ㧘޽ࠆ޿ߪቇᩞߢጁୃߒߡ޿ࠆ AP ⑼⋡ߩℂ⸃ࠍߐࠄߦᷓ߼ࠆߚ߼ߦࠝࡦ࡜ࠗࡦ
AP ⑼⋡ࠍ೑↪ߒߚ޿ߣ⠨߃ߡ߽ਇᕁ⼏ߢߪߥ޿‫ޕ‬10 ᐕ߶ߤ೨߹ߢߪ㧘ࡢࠪࡦ࠻ࡦᎺࠪࠕ࠻࡞
ߦᧄ␠ߩ޽ࠆࠕࡍ࠶ࠢࠬ࡜࡯࠾ࡦࠣ㧔ApexLearning㧕␠߇ߎߩಽ㊁ࠍ⁛භߒߡ޿ߚ߇㧘5 ᐕ߶ߤ೨߆ࠄࠝࡦ࡜ࠗࡦ AP ⑼⋡ߩᏒ႐ߪ㧘༡೑࿅૕ߣ㕖༡೑࿅૕ࠍߣ߽ߦᏎ߈ㄟࠎߢ߆ߥࠅᚑ
㐳ߒߡ߈ߡ޿ࠆ‫ޕ‬଀߃߫㧘㆙㓒࿾ᢎ⢒ߢ᦭ฬߥ࠙ࠖࠬࠦࡦࠪࡦᄢቇࡑ࠺ࠖ࠰ࡦᩞߪ㧘ቇ඙ߣ౒หߢ࠙ࠖࠬࠦࡦ
ࠪࡦ AP ㆙㓒ᢎ⢒ࠦࡦ࠰࡯ࠪࠕࡓ㧔WisconsinAdvancedPlacementDistanceLearningConsortium㧕ࠍ⸳ߌ㧘Ꮊౝߩ㜞ᩞ↢߇ AP ⑼⋡ࠍጁୃߔࠆߎߣࠍଦߒߡ޿ࠆ‫ޕ‬หᎺߩ㜞ᩞߢߪ㧘AP ⑼⋡߇ឭଏߐࠇߡ޿ߚߣߒߡ߽ߘߩ⑼⋡ᢙߪ 1 ߟ߆ 2 ߟߢ޽ࠆቇᩞ߇ᄙߊ㧘߹ߚో૕ߩ 4
ಽߩ 1 ߩ㜞ᩞߢߪోߊឭଏߐࠇߡ޿ߥ޿ߩ߇ታᖱߢ޽ߞߚ‫⁁ߥ߁ࠃߩߎޕ‬ᴫߦ㐓ߺߡ㧘AP ⑼⋡ߦෳടߔࠆᯏળࠍᜬߚߥ޿↢ᓤ߇ㆬᛮᕈߩ㜞޿ᄢቇ߳ߩ౉ቇࠍᏗᦸߔࠆ႐ว㧘AP ⑼⋡ߩጁୃᱧߢਇ೑ߦߥࠄߥ޿ࠃ߁ߦߣߩ㈩ᘦ߆ࠄ⊓႐ߒߚߩ߇㧘࠙ࠖࠬࠦࡦࠪࡦ AP ㆙㓒ᢎ⢒ࠦࡦ࠰࡯ࠪࠕࡓߥߩߢ޽ࠆ‫ ߪࠇߘޕ‬3 ᐕ㑆ߢ 100 ਁ࠼࡞ࠍ⾌߿ߔᏂᄢߥࡊࡠࠫࠚࠢ࠻ߢ޽ࠅ㧘ߘߩ߁ߜߩ⚂ 56 ਁ࠼࡞ߪㅪ㇌ᢎ⢒⋭߆ࠄ੤ઃߐࠇ㧘ᱷࠅߩ㗵ߪ࠙ࠖࠬࠦࡦࠪࡦᄢቇࡑ࠺ࠖ࠰ࡦᩞߣ
࠙ࠖࠬࠦࡦࠪࡦᄢቇࠪࠬ࠹ࡓ߇⽶ᜂߔࠆߎߣߦߥߞߡ޿ࠆ‫ޕ‬৻ᣇ㧘ࡠࠨࡦ࠯࡞ࠬ⛔วቇ඙ߩ㜞ᩞ↢ߣ⋥ធ㑐ଥߔࠆߣ⠨߃ࠄࠇࠆߩߪ㧘UC ࠞ࡟࠶ࠫࡊ࡟
࠶ࡊࠝࡦ࡜ࠗࡦ㧔UCCollegePrepOnline㧕ߢ޽ࠆ‫ޕ‬ห␠ߪࠨࡦ࠲ࠢ࡞࡯࠭㧔SantaCruz㧕ߦᧄㇱࠍ⟎߈㧘ࠞ࡝ࡈࠜ࡞࠾ࠕᄢቇࠪࠬ࠹ࡓߣ౒หߢᎺో૕ߩࡃ࡯࠴ࡖ࡞࡜࡯࠾ࡦࠣࠍታᣉߒ
ߡ޿ࠆ‫߽߆ߒޕ‬㧘↢ᓤ߇ࠝࡦ࡜ࠗࡦ AP ⑼⋡ࠍࠃࠅᵴ↪ߒ߿ߔ޿ࠃ߁ߦ㧘MP3 㖸ᭉࡊ࡟࡯ࡗ࡯㧔iPods ╬㧕ߦ࠳࠙ࡦࡠ࡯࠼ߢ߈ࠆࠃ߁ߥᎿᄦ߽ⴕߞߡ޿ࠆߩߢ޽ࠆ‫ߚߒ߁ߎޕ‬Ꮏᄦ߽޽ߞߡ㧘ห␠ߩ AP ࠝࡦ࡜ࠗࡦ⑼⋡ࠍጁୃߔࠆ↢ᓤᢙߪ 2005㧙06 ᐕᐲߦߪ 797 ੱߢ޽ߞߚߩ߇ 2006
㧙07 ᐕᐲߦߪ 1872 ੱ߹ߢჇടߒߡ߈ߡ޿ࠆ‫ޕ‬ߎߩࠃ߁ߦࠝࡦ࡜ࠗࡦ AP ⑼⋡ߪㄭᐕᕆỗߦᚑ㐳ߒߡ߈ߡ߅ࠅ㧘AP ࡊࡠࠣ࡜ࡓߩߐࠄߥࠆ᜛
ᄢߩน⢻ᕈߪࠝࡦ࡜ࠗࡦࠦ࡯ࠬߣᄢ޿ߦ㑐ଥ߇޽ࠆߣߐ߃⸒߃ߘ߁ߢ޽ࠆ‫ࠬ࡯ࠦࡦࠗ࡜ࡦࠝޕ‬ߩ೑ὐߪ㧘ቇᩞ஥߇ឭଏߢ߈ߥ޿⑼⋡ࠍ⵬߁ߎߣ߇ߢ߈ࠆߎߣߦ޽ࠆ‫ߜࠊߥߔޕ‬㧘ⷙᮨߩዊߐ
޿㜞ᩞߢߪੱ᧚߿⾗Ḯߦ೙㒢߇޽ࠆߚ߼㧘AP ⑼⋡ࠍචಽߦឭଏߔࠆߎߣߪ࿎㔍ߢ޽ࠅ㧘৻ᣇᄢ߈ߥ㜞ᩞߢ޽ߞߡ߽㧘ᤨ㑆ഀߩㇺวߢ↢ᓤߪᏗᦸߔࠆోߡߩ AP ⑼⋡ࠍጁୃߢ߈ࠆࠊߌߢߪ
ߥ޿‫ߒ߆ߒޕ‬㧘ࠝࡦ࡜ࠗࡦࠦ࡯ࠬࠍᵴ↪ߔࠇ߫㧘ᤨ㑆߿႐ᚲߦ೙㒢ߐࠇࠆߎߣߥߊ⥄ಽ߇Ꮧᦸߔࠆ AP ⑼⋡ࠍోߡጁୃߔࠆߎߣ߇น⢻ߦߥࠆߩߢ޽ࠆ‫ޕ‬ߐࠄߦ㧘ⅣႺߩᢛ஻ߣ޿߁ὐߢߪ㧘AP ⁛ቇ⠪↪ߩᢎ᧚㐿⊒߽ㅴ߼ࠄࠇߡ߈ߡ޿ࠆߎߣ߽ᵈ⋡ߦ୯ߔࠆ‫ޕ‬AP ⹜㛎ࠍฃ㛎ߔࠆ೨ឭߣߒߡ AP ⑼⋡ߩጁୃ߇⟵ോઃߌࠄࠇߡ޿ߥ޿ߚ߼㧘ߥ߆ߦߪ⁛ቇߢ⹜㛎ߦ⥃߻↢ᓤ߽޿ࠆ㧔ߎߩὐߦߟ޿ߡߪ╙ 4 ┨ߢ⹦ㅀߔࠆ㧕‫ߡߞ߇ߚߒޕ‬㧘AP ࡊࡠࠣ࡜ࡓߩ▤ℂ࿅૕ߢ޽ࠆࠞ࡟࠶ࠫࡏ࡯࠼ߪ㧘ߎߩࠃ߁ߥ↢ᓤ߽Ⓧᭂ⊛ߦ AP ⹜㛎ࠍฃ㛎ߔࠆߎߣ߇ߢ߈ࠆࠃ߁ߥᡰេࠍⴕߞߡ޿ࠆߩߢ޽ࠆ‫߫߃଀ޕ‬㧘ㆊ෰ߩ AP ⹜㛎ߩ໧㗴߇෼߼ࠄࠇߚ
CDROM ࠍ 1 ⑼⋡ߦߟ߈ 49 ࠼࡞ߢ⽼ᄁߒߚࠅ㧘ㆊ෰ߦ಴㗴ߐࠇߚోߡߩ AP ⑼⋡ߩ⸥ㅀᑼ໧

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㗴߿㧘AP ⑼⋡ࠍ‫ޟ‬ᄖ࿖⺆‫ޠ‬㧘‫ޟ‬ᢙቇ࡮ൻቇ‫ޠ‬㧘‫ޟ‬ᱧผ࡮␠ળ⑼ቇ‫ ߩޠ‬3 ߟߩಽ㊁ߦಽߌߡ㧘ߘࠇ
ߙࠇߩಽ㊁ߩ AP ⹜㛎ߦ⥃߻਄ߢߩᵈᗧ੐㗄߿ౕ૕⊛ߥࠕ࠼ࡃࠗࠬࠍ࠙ࠚࡉ਄ߦឝタߒߡ޿ࠆ‫ޕ‬

㧟㧚#2 ⑼⋡ᢙߩჇട
㧔㧝㧕ᣂߒߊዉ౉ߐࠇߚ⑼⋡ࠞ࡟࠶ࠫࡏ࡯࠼߇ AP ࡊࡠࠣ࡜ࡓࠍ㐿ᆎߒߚ 1955 ᐕᒰᤨߩ AP ⑼⋡ߪ‫ޟ‬૞ᢥ‫ޠ‬㧘‫⧷ޟ‬ᢥቇ‫ޠ‬㧘‫ޠ⺆ࡦ࠹࡜ޟ‬㧘‫ޠ⺆ࠬࡦ࡜ࡈޟ‬㧘‫ޠ⺆࠷ࠗ࠼ޟ‬㧘‫ޠ⺆ࡦࠗࡍࠬޟ‬㧘‫ޟ‬ᢙቇ‫ޠ‬㧘‫‛↢ޟ‬ቇ‫ޠ‬㧘‫ޟ‬ൻቇ‫ޠ‬
㧘
‫‛ޟ‬ℂ
ቇ‫ޠ‬
㧘
‫ޟ‬ᱧผ‫ ߩޠ‬11 ⑼⋡ߢ޽ߞߚ߇㧘ߘߩᓟࠞ࡟࠶ࠫࡏ࡯࠼ߪቇ↢ߩ࠾࡯࠭߿␠ળ⁁ᴫߦᔕߓߡ AP ⑼⋡ࠍᓢ‫ߦޘ‬Ⴧടߐߖߡ߈ߚ‫߫߃଀ޕ‬㧘1996 ᐕߦ‫⸘⛔ޟ‬ቇ‫ޠ‬
㧘1997 ᐕߦ‫ޟ‬ⅣႺ⑼ቇ‫ޠ‬㧘
2000 ᐕߦ‫ੱޟ‬ᢥ࿾ℂቇ‫ޠ‬㧘2001 ᐕߦ‫ޟ‬਎⇇ผ‫ޠ‬
㧘2006 ᐕߦߪ‫࡮⺆ࠕ࡝࠲ࠗޟ‬ᢥൻ‫߇ޠ‬ᣂߚߦAP ⑼⋡ߣߒߡㅊടߐࠇߡ޿ࠆ‫ߚ߹ޕ‬㧘‫ޟ‬ਛ࿖⺆࡮ᢥൻ‫ޟ߿ޠ‬ᣣᧄ⺆࡮ᢥൻ‫ ߚߞ޿ߣޠ‬AP ⑼⋡߽ 2007 ᐕ߆ࠄឭଏߐࠇߡ߅ࠅ㧘ߐࠄߦ੹ᓟߪ㧘‫࡮⺆ࠕࠪࡠޟ‬ᢥൻ‫߽ޠ‬ㅊടߐࠇࠆ੍ቯߢ޽ࠆ‫ޕ‬‫ޟ‬AP ⛔⸘ቇ‫ߪߡ޿ߟߦޠ‬㧘߽ߣ߽ߣᄙߊߩቇ↢߇ᄢቇߢߘࠇࠍጁୃߒߡ޿ߚߎߣ߆ࠄᄢ߈
ߥ㔛ⷐ߇⷗ㄟ߹ࠇࠆ߽ߩߢ޽ߞߚ‫ޕ‬ታ㓙㧘ߘߩੱᢙߪᐕ‫ޘ‬Ⴧടߒߡ߅ࠅ㧘1990 ᐕ߆ࠄ 2000
ᐕ߹ߢߩ 10 ᐕ㑆ߢᄢቇߦ߅޿ߡ
‫⸘⛔ޟ‬ቇ‫ޠ‬ߩࠦ࡯ࠬࠍฃ⻠ߔࠆቇ↢ᢙߪ 45㧑߽Ⴧടߒߡ޿ࠆ‫ޕ‬ߎߩࠃ߁ߥ⁁ᴫߦ㐓ߺߡ㧘ࠞ࡟࠶ࠫࡏ࡯࠼ߪ‫⸘⛔ޟ‬ቇ‫ࠍޠ‬ᣂߚߥ AP ⑼⋡ߣߒߡ 1996 ᐕߦዉ౉ߒߚߩߢ޽ࠆ‫ޕ‬‫ޟ‬AP ⛔⸘ቇ‫ߪࠬ࡯ࠦߩޠ‬㧘࠺࡯࠲ߩ෼㓸㧘ಽᨆ㧘ߘߒߡಽᨆ⚿ᨐࠍ߽ߣߦ⚿⺰ࠍዉߊߚ߼ߩၮᧄ⊛ߥࠬࠠ࡞ࠍりߦߟߌࠆߎߣࠍ⋡⊛ߣߒߡ߅ࠅ㧘ߎࠇࠄߩࠬࠠ࡞ߪ␠ળ⑼ቇ߿଻ஜቇ㧘ߘߒߡࡆࠫࡀࠬ╬ࠍኾ᡹ߔࠆ㓙ߦᔅⷐߣߐࠇࠆ‫ߚ߹ޕ‬㧘ൻቇ߿Ꮏቇࠍኾ᡹ߔࠆ႐
วߪ㧘਄⚖࡟ࡌ࡞ߩ⛔⸘ቇߩ⍮⼂߇ᔅⷐߦߥߞߡߊࠆߚ߼㧘ߘߩḰ஻Ბ㓏ߣߒߡ߽‫ޟ‬AP ⛔⸘ቇ‫ࠍޠ‬ጁୃߔࠆߎߣߪ᦭ലߥߩߢ޽ࠆ‫ߦ߁ࠃߩߎޕ‬㧘‫ޟ‬AP ⛔⸘ቇ‫ߪޠ‬ᄙ᭽ߥቇ໧ಽ㊁ߢᵴ߆ߔߎߣ߇น⢻ߥ⑼⋡ߢ޽ࠆߣ⸒߃ࠆ‫ޕ‬ᰴߦ㧘‫ޟ‬AP ⅣႺ⑼ቇ‫ߪޠ‬㧘ㅪ㇌᡽ᐭ߇㜞ᩞ↢ߩᢙቇߣℂ⑼ߩቇജะ਄ࠍ⁓޿ߣߔࠆ᡽╷ࠍታᣉߔࠆਛߢ㧘ᣂߚߥ AP ⑼⋡ߣߒߡዉ౉ߐࠇߚ‫ߚ߹ޕ‬㧘ᄢቇߦ߅ߌࠆ‫ޟ‬ⅣႺ⑼ቇ‫ߪࠬ࡯ࠦߩޠ‬㧘
࿾ℂቇ߿↢‛ቇ㧘ߘߒߡⅣႺቇ╬ߩⶄᢙߩቇ⑼ߦࠃߞߡឭଏߐࠇߡ߅ࠅ㧘ᄙߊߩಽ㊁߆ࠄ߽ߣ߽ߣᵈ⋡ߐࠇߡ޿ߚ⑼⋡ߢ޽ߞߚߎߣ߽㧘‫ޟ‬ⅣႺ⑼ቇ‫ ߇ޠ‬AP ⑼⋡ߣߒߡᣂߚߦㅊടߐࠇߚⷐ࿃
ߢ޽ࠆ‫ߒߛߚޕ‬㧘ߎߩࠃ߁ߦឭଏߔࠆቇ⑼߇⇣ߥࠇ߫㧘㊀ὐࠍ⟎ߊ࠻ࡇ࠶߽ࠢߘࠇߙࠇ⇣ߥߞߡߊࠆ‫߫߃଀ޕ‬㧘↢‛ቇ⑼ߦ߅޿ߡߪ⑼ቇ⊛ේℂ߿ಽᨆࠍᒝ⺞ߒ㧘⎇ⓥⷐ⚛ࠍ฽߻⑼ቇ⊛ߥࠦ࡯ࠬࠍឭଏߔࠆ৻ᣇ㧘࿾ℂቇ⑼ߢߪ␠ળቇ޽ࠆ޿ߪ᡽ᴦቇ⊛஥㕙߆ࠄⅣႺቇࠍᒝ⺞ߔࠆࠦ࡯ࠬ
ࠍឭଏߒߡ޿ࠆ‫ޕ‬㜞ᩞ↢ߩᢙቇߣℂ⑼ߩቇജะ਄ࠍ⋡ᜰߔㅪ㇌ߩേ߈ߩਛߢዉ౉ߐࠇߚ‫ޟ‬APⅣႺ⑼ቇ‫ߪޠ‬㧘೨⠪ߩ⑼ቇ⊛ߥ஥㕙ࠍᒝ⺞ߒߚࠦ࡯ࠬߣߥߞߡ޿ࠆ‫ޕ‬߹ߚ㧘‫ޟ‬AP ੱᢥ࿾ℂቇ‫ߪޠ‬㧘ੱ㑆ℂ⸃߿࿾ℂቇߦ㑐ߔࠆ૕♽⊛ߥౝኈࠍቇ⠌ߔࠆߣหᤨߦ㧘
ߘࠇࠄࠍ⑼ቇ⊛ⷞὐ߆ࠄಽᨆߔࠆߎߣࠍ⋡⊛ߣߒߚ⑼⋡ߢ޽ࠆ‫ޕ‬AP ⑼⋡ߣߒߡ‫ੱޟ‬ᢥ࿾ℂቇ‫ޠ‬ࠍᣂߚߦዉ౉ߒߚ⢛᥊ߦߪ㧘਄ㅀߩ‫ޟ‬ⅣႺ⑼ቇ‫ߣޠ‬ห᭽ߦ㧘↢ᓤߩ⑼ቇ⊛ᕁ⠨ജߩ⊒㆐ࠍ⋡ᜰߒߚߎߣ߇޽ࠆ‫ޕ‬AP ࡊࡠࠣ࡜ࡓߦ‫ੱޟ‬ᢥ࿾ℂቇ‫ࠍޠ‬ᣂߒߊ⸳ߌࠆߎߣߦࠃߞߡ㧘ᢥ♽⑼⋡ߩ

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ቇ⠌ߦ߅޿ߡ߽↢ᓤߩ⑼ቇ⊛ᕁ⠨ജࠍ㎊߃ࠆߎߣ߇ߘߩ⁓޿ߢ޽ߞߚ‫ޕ‬ߐࠄߦ㧘‫ޟ‬AP ਎⇇ผ‫߇ޠ‬ᣂߚߦዉ౉ߐࠇߚ⢛᥊ߦߪ㧘ࠣࡠ࡯ࡃ࡞ൻ߇ㅴⴕߔࠆߥ߆ߢ㧘਎⇇ߦ⋡ࠍะߌ᏷ᐢ޿ⷞ㊁ࠍᜬߟߎߣ߇㜞ᩞ↢ߦ᳞߼ࠄࠇࠆࠃ߁ߦߥߞߚߎߣ߇᜼ߍࠄࠇࠆ‫ߚ߹ޕ‬㧘ᄢቇߦ߅ߌࠆ‫ޟ‬਎⇇ผ‫߇ࠬ࡯ࠦߩޠ‬㕖Ᏹߦ⚦ಽൻߐࠇߡ޿ࠆߎߣ߽ AP ⑼⋡ߦ‫ޟ‬਎⇇ผ‫߇ޠ‬ㅊടߐࠇߚⷐ࿃ߩ৻ߟߢ޽ࠆ‫ޕ‬ᄢቇߦ߅ߌࠆ਎⇇ผࠦ࡯ࠬߪ㧘ᐕઍ߿࠹࡯ࡑߩ㆑޿ߦࠃࠅᄙ⒳ᄙ
᭽ߥ߽ߩߣߥߞߡ޿ࠆ‫߼ߚߩߘޕ‬㧘ᄢቇ߳౉ቇᓟ㧘ߎߩࠃ߁ߥᄙ᭽ߥࠦ࡯ࠬߩਛ߆ࠄ⥄ಽߩ㑐ᔃߦวߞߚࠦ࡯ࠬࠍ⷗ߟߌ಴ߔߎߣߪቇ↢ߦߣߞߡ࿎㔍ߢ޽ࠆ‫ߚߒ߁ߎޕ‬໧㗴ࠍ⸃᳿ߔࠆߚ߼㧘‫ޟ‬AP ਎⇇ผ‫ߪޠ‬ᄢቇߢឭଏߐࠇࠆߐ߹ߑ߹ߥ‫ޟ‬਎⇇ผ‫ࠍޠ‬ᐢߊᵻߊࠞࡃ࡯ߒߚ߽ߩߣߥߞߡ
޿ࠆ‫ޕ‬ቇ↢ߪ㧘㜞ᩞߢ‫ޟ‬AP ਎⇇ผ‫ࠍޠ‬ጁୃߔࠆߎߣߦࠃߞߡ㧘ᄢቇ౉ቇᓟߔߋߦ⥄ಽ߇㑐ᔃࠍᛴߊ‫ޟ‬਎⇇ผ‫ࠍࠬ࡯ࠦߩޠ‬ㆬᛯߢ߈ࠆࠃ߁ߦߥࠆߩߢ޽ࠆ‫ޕ‬ߘߒߡ㧘2006 ᐕߦዉ౉ߐࠇߚ‫࡮⺆ࠕ࡝࠲ࠗޟ‬ᢥൻ‫ߪޠ‬㧘ࠞ࡟࠶ࠫࡏ࡯࠼߇ AP ࡊࡠࠣ࡜ࡓࠍ
㐿ᆎߒߚ 1955 ᐕએ᧪ೋ߼ߡㅊടߒߚᄖ࿖⺆⑼⋡ߢ޽ࠅ㧘ߘߩᓟ‫ޟ‬ਛ࿖⺆࡮ᢥൻ‫ޠ‬㧘‫ޟ‬ᣣᧄ⺆࡮ᢥൻ‫߽ޠ‬ㅊടߐࠇߡ߈ߡ޿ࠆ‫ߩߎޕ‬௑ะߪ㧘㜞ᩞᢎ⢒ߦ߅޿ߡᄙᢥൻਥ⟵߿ᄙ⸒⺆ਥ⟵ࠍផㅴߔࠆߣ޿߁ࠞ࡟࠶ࠫࡏ࡯࠼ߩ౏⚂߆ࠄߔࠇ߫ᒰὼߩߎߣߢ޽ࠆߣ߽⷗ߡขࠇࠆ‫ߚ߹ޕ‬㧘2002
ᐕߦㅪ㇌ᴺߢ޽ࠆ‫ߩߤޟ‬ሶ߽⟎߈෰ࠅߦߒߥ޿㧔NoChildLeftBehind㧕‫ޠ‬ᴺ߇ᚑ┙ߒߚߎߣߦࠃߞߡ㧘↢ᓤߩ⧷⺆ߣᢙቇߩ೔㆐ᐲࠍ㜞߼ࠆᔅⷐ߇↢ߓߚߚ߼㧘ᄙߊߩ㜞ᩞ߇ᣂߚߥᄖ࿖⺆
߿ㆬᛯ⑼⋡ࠍប߃ࠆ௑ะߦ޽ࠆ߇㧘ߎ߁ߒߚ௑ะߦ৻⍹ࠍᛩߓߚ޿ߣ޿߁ᗧ๧߽޽ࠆࠃ߁ߢ޽
ࠆ‫ޕ‬ߒ߆ߒ㧘ઁߩ AP ⑼⋡ߣߪ⇣ߥࠅ㧘ᄖ࿖⺆ߩ AP ⑼⋡ࠍᣂߚߦ⸳⟎ߔࠆߦߪ޿ߊߟ߆ߩ࿎㔍߇઻߁ߎߣߣߥߞߚ‫ޟ߫߃଀ޕ‬ਛ࿖⺆࡮ᢥൻ‫ߦޠ‬㑐ߒߡߪ㧘ࠞ࡟࠶ࠫࡏ࡯࠼߇ 2004 ᐕߦⴕߞߚ⺞ᩏߦࠃࠇ߫㧘ᄙߊߩ㜞ᩞ߇‫ޟ‬ਛ࿖⺆࡮ᢥൻ‫ ߩޠ‬AP ⑼⋡ࠍ⸳ߌࠆߎߣߦ㑐ᔃࠍ␜ߒߚ߇㧘ߘߩᤨὐߢታ㓙ߦਛ࿖⺆ߩ⑼⋡ࠍឭଏߒߡ޿ࠆ㜞ᩞߩᢙߪ޽߹ࠅߦ߽ዋߥ߆ߞߚߩߢ޽ࠆ‫ޕ‬ߘߎߢ㧘ࠞ࡟࠶ࠫࡏ࡯࠼ߪ㧘‫ޟ‬ਛ࿖⺆࡮ᢥൻ‫ࠍޠ‬ᜂᒰߔࠆᢎຬ߿↢ᓤࠍኻ⽎ߣߒߚ 5 ᐕ㑆ߩࡊࡠࠣ࡜ࡓࠍ⸘↹ߒߚ‫ߦ৻╙ޕ‬㧘ታ㓙ߦਛ࿖߆ࠄ‫ޟ‬ਛ࿖⺆࡮ᢥൻ‫ߩޠ‬ᢎຬࠍ᜗߈㧘3 ᐕ㑆ࠍᦼ㒢ߣߒ㧘ࠕࡔ࡝ࠞߩೋ╬ਛ╬ቇᩞᢎຬߣߒߡ㓹߁ߎߣࠍ⸵นߒߚ‫ߡߞࠃߦࡓ࡜ࠣࡠࡊߩߎޕ‬ਛ࿖ੱᢎຬߪ㧘Უ࿖ߩ⸒⺆ߣᢥൻߦߟ޿ߡߩኾ㐷⊛⍮⼂ࠍࠕࡔ࡝ࠞߩ↢ᓤ߿ቇᩞߦឭଏߒ㧘2009 ᐕ߹ߢߦ 250 ੱߩਛ࿖ੱᢎຬ߇㈩⟎ߐࠇࠆ੍ቯߢ޽ࠆ‫╙ޕ‬ੑߦ㧘ਛ࿖⺆ߩᢎຬ㙃ᚑߩࡊࡠࠣ࡜ࡓ
ࠍ૞ᚑߒ㧘ߘߩߚ߼ߩᅑቇ㊄೙ᐲ߽⸳ߌߚ‫ޕ‬ೋ╬ਛ╬ቇᩞߩਛ࿖⺆ᢎຬߩ఺⸵ࠍขᓧߔࠆߚ߼
ߩᄢቇߩࠦ࡯ࠬߦ࿷☋ߔࠆ⠪ߪ㧘ᅑቇ㊄ࠍฃ⛎ߢ߈ࠆࠃ߁ߦߒߚߩߢ޽ࠆ‫ߚ߹ޕ‬㧘ᢎຬߩ⎇ୃ೙ᐲ߽⸳ߌ㧘ਛ࿖⺆ࠍᜂᒰߔࠆࠕࡔ࡝ࠞੱߩᢎຬߪ㧘ਛ࿖ᢥൻߦ㑐ߔࠆ⍮⼂ࠍ㜞߼ࠆߚ߼ߦ㧘ਛ࿖ߢߩᄐᦼ⻠⠌ߦෳടߢ߈ࠆߎߣߣߥߞߚ‫ޕ‬2006 ᐕߦߪ㧘60 ੱߩᢎຬ߇ߎߩ⎇ୃߦෳടߒ㧘2010 ᐕ߹ߢߦ⚂ 500 ੱߩᢎຬ߇ෳടߔࠆ੍ቯߢ޽ࠆ‫╙ޕ‬ਃߦ㧘↢ᓤࠍኻ⽎ߣߒߚࡊࡠࠣ࡜ࡓ
ߣߒߡਛ࿖ߢߩࠨࡑ࡯ࠠࡖࡦࡊ߇޽ࠆ‫ߡߞࠃߦࠇߎޕ‬㧘ࠕࡔ࡝ࠞߩ㜞ᩞ↢ߪ⋥ធਛ࿖ߩᢥൻߦ
⸅ࠇ㧘⥄ࠄߩ⸒⺆ࠬࠠ࡞ࠍะ਄ߐߖ㧘ߘߩᓟߩ‫ޟ‬AP ਛ࿖⺆࡮ᢥൻ‫⹜ߩޠ‬㛎ߢ㜞ᓧὐࠍ₪ᓧߔࠆߚ߼ߩ␆ߦචಽߥࠅ߁ࠆ߽ߩߣᦼᓙߐࠇߡ޿ࠆ‫ޕ‬― 23 ―

㧔㧞㧕⃻࿷ߩ #2 ⑼⋡ߎ߁ߒߡ㧘ࠞ࡟࠶ࠫࡏ࡯࠼ߪㄭᐕᄖ࿖⺆⑼⋡ࠍჇടߐߖࠆߎߣߦࠃߞߡ㧘⃻࿷ 37 ⑼⋡ߩ AP⑼⋡ࠍឭଏߒߡ޿ࠆ‫ޕ‬એਅߩ⴫ 2㧙3 ߪ㧘ߎࠇࠄ 37 ⑼⋡ߩౕ૕⊛ߥ⑼⋡ฬߣ㧘2006 ᐕߦ߅ߌࠆ AP ⹜㛎ฃ㛎⠪ᢙ㧘ߘߩ⑼⋡ࠍ㐿⸳ߔࠆ㜞ᩞߩᢙࠍ␜ߒߚ߽ߩߢ޽ࠆ‫ޕ‬‫ࡦ࠹࡜ޟ‬ᢥቇ‫ޠ‬㧘‫࠹࡜ޟ‬ࡦ㧧࠙ࠚ࡞ࠡ࡝࠙ࠬ‫ ߩޠ‬2 ⑼⋡㧘‫ޟ‬2D ࠺ࠩࠗࡦ‫ޠ‬㧘‫ޟ‬3D ࠺ࠩࠗࡦ‫ޠ‬㧘‫ ߩޠ↹✢ޟ‬3 ⑼⋡㧘‫ޟ‬ᖱႎ⑼ቇ A‫ޠ‬㧘‫ޟ‬ᖱႎ⑼ቇ AB‫ ߩޠ‬2 ⑼⋡ߦߟ޿ߡߪ㧘ߘࠇߙࠇ AP ⹜㛎ฃ㛎⠪ᢙ㧘AP ⑼⋡ࠍ㐿⸳ߔࠆ㜞ᩞߩᢙࠍ߹ߣ߼ߡ⸘਄ߒߡ޿ࠆ‫ߚ߹ޕ‬㧘‫ޟ‬ਛ࿖⺆࡮ᢥൻ‫ޟߣޠ‬ᣣᧄ⺆࡮ᢥൻ‫ ߩޠ‬2 ߟߩ⑼⋡ߦ㑐ߒߡߪ 2007 ᐕ߆ࠄዉ౉ߐࠇߚߚ߼㧘ߘߩᢙ୯ߪ⸥タߐࠇߡߥ޿‫ޕ‬⴫㧞㧙㧟 ⃻࿷ߩ #2 ⑼⋡ฬ⑼⋡ෳട⠪ᢙ 㜞ᩞᢙ⑼⋡⧷⺆࡮૞ᢥ

256,722

8,168

ᖱႎ⑼ቇ A⧷ᢥቇ࡮૞ᢥ

281,111

11,904

ᖱႎ⑼ቇ ABࡈ࡜ࡦࠬ⺆

21,572

3,501

ࡈ࡜ࡦࠬᢥቇ

2,009

࠼ࠗ࠷⺆ෳട⠪ᢙ 㜞ᩞᢙ
19,601

2,491

ᓸⓍಽ AB

197,181

11,526478

ᓸⓍಽ BC58,603

4,371

5,139

1,320

⛔⸘ቇ

88,237

4,464

ࠬࡍࠗࡦ⺆

101,473

6,322

ൻቇ

87,465

6,493

ࠬࡍࠗࡦᢥቇ

14,287

1,415

ⅣႺ⑼ቇ

44,698

2,225ࠗ࠲࡝ࠕ⺆࡮ᢥൻ

1,597

311↢‛ቇ

131,783

8,111

8,177

1,153‛ℂቇ B

50,987

4,082‛ℂቇ C㧧㔚᳇ቇ࡮⏛᳇ቇ

10,481

1,401࡜࠹ࡦᢥቇ
࡜࠹ࡦ㧧࠙ࠚ࡞ࠡ࡝࠙ࠬ
ਛ࿖⺆࡮ᢥൻ‛ℂቇ C㧧ജቇ

24,480

2,619ᣣᧄ⺆࡮ᢥൻ

ࡑࠢࡠ⚻ᷣቇ

52,599

2,622

㖸ᭉℂ⺰

11,8092,074ࡒࠢࡠ⚻ᷣቇ

33,092

2,189

⧓ⴚผ

17,977

1,364ࠕࡔ࡝ࠞผ

311,000

10,465࡛࡯ࡠ࠶ࡄผ

91,040

4,194

਎⇇ผ

84,143

2,849

Ყセ᡽ᴦቇ

12,742

1,041ࠕࡔ࡝ࠞ᡽ᴦቇ

143,980

5,982

2D ࠺ࠩࠗࡦ



3D ࠺ࠩࠗࡦ

26,402

✢↹



ᔃℂቇ

101,221

ੱᢥ࿾ℂቇ

21,003

3,709
3,860
890 





಴ᚲ㧕College Board (2007). Advanced Placement Report to the Nation 2007.ࠍ߽ߣߦ╩⠪૞ᚑ‫ޕ‬

― 24 ― ⴫ 2㧙3 ߆ࠄ㧘AP ⑼⋡ߪ‫࡮⺆⧷ޟ‬૞ᢥ‫ޟ߿ޠ‬ᓸⓍಽ AB‫ߩ⋡⑼ࠢ࠶ࡒ࠺ࠞࠕࠆࠁࠊ޿ߩ╬ޠ‬ߺߥࠄߕ㧘‫ޟ‬㖸ᭉℂ⺰‫ⴚ⧓ޟ߿ޠ‬ผ‫⋡⑼ⴚ⧓ߥ߁ࠃߩޠ‬㧘‫ޟ‬ᔃℂቇ‫ޟ߿ޠ‬ᖱႎ⑼ቇ㧭‫╬ޠ‬᏷ᐢ޿
ಽ㊁ߦࠊߚߞߡ޿ࠆߎߣ߇ࠊ߆ࠆ‫߽ߡߺࠍߌߛ⋡⑼⺆⸒ޕ‬㧘‫ޠ⺆⧷ޟ‬એᄖߦ‫ޠ⺆ࠬࡦ࡜ࡈޟ‬㧘‫࠼ޟ‬ࠗ࠷⺆‫ޠ‬
㧘‫ޠ⺆ࡦࠗࡍࠬޟ‬㧘‫࡮⺆ࠕ࡝࠲ࠗޟ‬ᢥൻ‫ޠ‬㧘‫ޟ‬ਛ࿖⺆࡮ᢥൻ‫ޠ‬㧘‫ޟ‬ᣣᧄ⺆࡮ᢥൻ‫ࠞ౐ߩޠ‬࿖ߩ⸒⺆ߦߟ޿ߡߩ AP ⑼⋡߇޽ࠆ‫ߚ߹ޕ‬㧘‛ℂቇ߽㧘‫‛ޟ‬ℂቇ B‫ޠ‬㧘‫‛ޟ‬ℂቇ C㧧㔚᳇ቇ࡮⏛᳇ቇ‫ޠ‬㧘‫‛ޟ‬ℂቇ C㧧ജቇ‫߁޿ߣޠ‬ਃߟߩಽ㊁ߦಽ߆ࠇߡ߅ࠅ㧘৻ߟߩ⑼⋡ߩਛߢ߽ࡃ࡜ࠛ࠹ࠖߦንࠎ
ߛ߽ߩߣߥߞߡ޿ࠆ‫ޕ‬ᰴߦ㧘AP ⹜㛎ߩฃ㛎⠪ᢙߦᵈ⋡ߔࠆߣ㧘2006 ᐕߦ߅޿ߡ AP ⹜㛎ߩฃ㛎⠪߇ᦨ߽ᄙ߆ߞߚ
⑼⋡ߪ‫ࠞ࡝ࡔࠕޟ‬ผ‫ߢޠ‬㧘31 ਁ 1,000 ੱ߽ߩ↢ᓤ߇ฃ㛎ߒߡ޿ࠆ‫ߡ޿⛯ޕ‬ੑ⇟⋡ߦᄙ޿ߩߪ‫⧷ޟ‬ᢥቇ࡮૞ᢥ‫ߢޠ‬㧘28 ਁ 1,111 ੱߣߥߞߡ޿ࠆ‫ߡߒߘޕ‬㧘‫࡮⺆⧷ޟ‬૞ᢥ‫ ߩޠ‬25 ਁ 6,722 ੱ㧘‫ޟ‬ᓸⓍಽ AB‫ ߩޠ‬19 ਁ 7,181 ੱ㧘‫ࠞ࡝ࡔࠕޟ‬᡽ᴦቇ‫ ߩޠ‬14 ਁ 3,980 ੱ߇⛯޿ߡ޿ࠆ‫ߦ߁ࠃߩߎޕ‬㧘AP ⹜㛎ฃ㛎⠪ᢙ߇ᄙ޿ߩߪ㧘ࠕࡔ࡝ࠞߦ㑐ㅪߔࠆᢥ♽⑼⋡ߢ޽ࠆߎߣ߇ࠊ߆ࠆ‫ޕ‬৻ᣇ㧘ㅒߦฃ㛎⠪ᢙ߇ዋߥ޿⑼⋡ߪ‫࡮⺆ࠕ࡝࠲ࠗޟ‬ᢥൻ‫ߢޠ‬㧘1,597 ੱߒ߆ AP ⹜㛎ࠍฃ㛎ߒߡ޿ߥ޿‫ޕ‬ฃ㛎⠪ᢙ߇ᦨ߽ᄙ޿ 31 ਁੱߩ‫ࠞ࡝ࡔࠕޟ‬ผ‫ߣޠ‬Ყߴࠆߣ㧘ߘߩᏅߪᱧὼߣߒߡ
޿ࠆ‫ޕ‬ᰴߦฃ㛎⠪ᢙ߇ዋߥ޿ߩߪ‫ࠬࡦ࡜ࡈޟ‬ᢥቇ‫ߢޠ‬ฃ㛎⠪ᢙߪ 2,009 ੱߢ޽ࠆ‫ࠇߘߡߒߘޕ‬ߦ⛯ߊߩߪ‫ ߩޠ⺆࠷ࠗ࠼ޟ‬5,139 ੱ㧘‫ࡦ࠹࡜ޟ‬㧧࠙ࠚ࡞ࠡ࡝࠙ࠬ‫ ߩޠ‬8,177 ੱߣߥߞߡ޿ࠆ‫ߎޕ‬ߩߎߣ߆ࠄ㧘AP ⹜㛎ߩฃ㛎⠪ᢙ߇ዋߥ޿ߩߪਥߦᄖ࿖⺆ߦ㑐ߔࠆ⑼⋡ߢ޽ࠆߎߣ߇ࠊ߆ࠆ‫ޕ‬ߎߩὐߪ㧘ࠞ࡟࠶ࠫࡏ࡯࠼஥ߩᗧ࿑߇චಽߦታ⃻ߐࠇߡ޿ߥ޿ߣ⸒߃ࠃ߁‫ޕ‬ߎߩࠃ߁ߥ௑ะߪ㧘AP ⑼⋡ࠍ㐿⸳ߔࠆ㜞ᩞߩᢙߦߟ޿ߡ߽ห᭽ߦߺࠆߎߣ߇ߢ߈ࠆ‫ޕ‬AP ⑼⋡ࠍ㐿⸳ߒߡ޿ࠆ㜞ᩞᢙ߇ᦨ߽ᄙ޿ߩߪ㧘‫⧷ޟ‬ᢥቇ࡮૞ᢥ‫ ߢޠ‬1 ਁ 1,904 ᩞ߇㐿⸳ߒߡ޿ࠆ‫⛯ޕ‬޿ߡᄙ޿ߩߪ‫ޟ‬ᓸⓍಽ AB‫ ߩޠ‬1 ਁ 1,526 ᩞ㧘‫ࠞ࡝ࡔࠕޟ‬ผ‫ ߩޠ‬1 ਁ 465 ᩞ㧘‫࡮⺆⧷ޟ‬૞ᢥ‫ߩޠ‬8,168 ᩞߣߥߞߡ޿ࠆ‫৻ޕ‬ᣇ㧘AP ⑼⋡ࠍ㐿⸳ߔࠆ㜞ᩞᢙ߇ᦨ߽ዋߥ޿ߩߪ㧘‫࡮⺆ࠕ࡝࠲ࠗޟ‬ᢥൻ‫ ߢޠ‬311 ᩞ㧘ߘߒߡ‫ࠬࡦ࡜ࡈޟ‬ᢥቇ‫ ߩޠ‬478 ᩞ㧘‫ੱޟ‬ᢥ࿾ℂቇ‫ ߩޠ‬890 ᩞ߇ߘࠇߦ⛯޿ߡ޿ࠆ‫ޕ‬ᄖ࿖⺆⑼⋡ߩ႐ว㧘ߘߩ⑼⋡ࠍᜂᒰߢ߈ࠆᢎຬ߇ታ㓙ߦ㜞ᩞߦሽ࿷ߔࠆ߆ߤ߁߆߇㊀ⷐߥ᳿߼ᚻߣߥࠅ㧘ߘߩ⛘ኻᢙ߇ਇ⿷ߒߡ޿ࠆߎߣ߇ߎߎ߆ࠄផኤߢ߈ࠆ‫ޕ‬㧔㧟㧕⑼⋡೎ߦ⷗ߚෳട⠪ᢙߩჇട
 1950 ᐕઍߦࠞ࡟࠶ࠫࡏ࡯࠼߇ AP ࡊࡠࠣ࡜ࡓࠍ㐿ᆎߒߡ߆ࠄ⃻࿷ߦ⥋ࠆ߅ࠃߘ 50 ᐕ㑆ߢ㧘AP ࡊࡠࠣ࡜ࡓ߳ෳടߔࠆ↢ᓤߩᢙߪ഍⊛ߦჇടߒߡ߈ߚߎߣߪߔߢߦ⴫ 2㧙1 ߢ␜ߒߚ‫ߎߎޕ‬ߢߪ㧘AP ࡊࡠࠣ࡜ࡓߩో 37 ⑼⋡ߩਛ߆ࠄਥߥ⑼⋡ߦᵈ⋡ߒ㧘ߘߩ AP ⹜㛎ฃ㛎⠪ᢙߩ 2003
ᐕ߆ࠄ 2007 ᐕ߹ߢߩ㑆ߩᄌൻࠍ⷗ࠆߎߣߦߔࠆ‫ ⴫ޕ‬2㧙4 ߪ㧘AP ࡊࡠࠣ࡜ࡓߩ 37 ⑼⋡ߩਛ߆ࠄ‫⧷ޟ‬ᢥቇ࡮૞ᢥ‫ޠ‬㧘‫ޠ⺆ࡦࠗࡍࠬޟ‬㧘‫ޟ‬ᔃℂቇ‫ޠ‬㧘‫ޟ‬ᓸⓍಽ AB‫ޠ‬㧘‫‛↢ޟ‬ቇ‫ޠ‬㧘‫ࠞ࡝ࡔࠕޟ‬ผ‫ޠ‬㧘‫ࠕޟ‬ࡔ࡝ࠞ᡽ᴦቇ‫ࠍޠ‬ㆬ߮㧘2003 ᐕ߆ࠄ 2007 ᐕ߹ߢߩ AP ⹜㛎ฃ㛎⠪ᢙߩផ⒖ࠍ␜ߒߚ߽ߩߢ޽ࠆ‫ޕ‬
⴫ 2㧙4 ߆ࠄࠊ߆ࠆߎߣߪ㧘2003 ᐕ߆ࠄ 2007 ᐕߦ߆ߌߡߤߩ⑼⋡ߦߟ޿ߡ߽ AP ⹜㛎ࠍฃ― 25 ―

㛎ߒߚ↢ᓤᢙߪჇട௑ะߦ޽ࠆߎߣߢ޽ࠆ‫ޕ‬‫ߦޠ⺆ࡦࠗࡍࠬޟ‬㑐ߒߡߪ 2006 ᐕ߆ࠄ 2007 ᐕߦ߆ߌߡ⧯ᐓߩᷫዋ߇⷗ࠄࠇࠆ߇㧘ߘߩઁߩ⑼⋡ߦߟ޿ߡߪ৻⽾ߒߡฃ㛎⠪ᢙߪჇടߒߡ޿ࠆ‫ޕ‬⴫㧞㧙㧠 #2 ⹜㛎ฃ㛎⠪ᢙߩផ⒖

2003 ᐕ

2004 ᐕ

2005 ᐕ

⧷ᢥቇ࡮૞ᢥ

229,367

239,493

260,958

281,111

298,478ࠬࡍࠗࡦ⺆

83,81190,82898,245

101,473

101,198

ᔃℂቇ

62,66672,287

87,207

101,221

116,128

ᓸⓍಽ AB

166,821

175,094

185,992

197,181

211,693↢‛ቇ

103,944

111,104

121,446

131,783

144,796ࠕࡔ࡝ࠞผ

242,699

262,906

285,368

311,000

333,561ࠕࡔ࡝ࠞ᡽ᴦቇ

104,636

112,894

129,323

143,980

160,978⑼⋡2006 ᐕ

2007 ᐕ

಴ᚲ㧕College Board (2008). The 4th Annual AP Report to the Nation.ࠍ߽ߣߦ╩⠪૞ᚑ‫ޕ‬



଀߃߫㧘
‫⧷ޟ‬ᢥቇ࡮૞ᢥ‫ߣࠆ⷗ࠍޠ‬㧘2003 ᐕߦ AP ⹜㛎ࠍฃ㛎ߒߚੱᢙ߇ 22 ਁ 9,367 ੱߢ޽ߞߚߩ߇㧘2004 ᐕߦߪ⚂ 1 ਁੱჇടߒ㧘23 ਁ 9,493 ੱߣߥߞߡ޿ࠆ‫ߚ߹ޕ‬㧘2005 ᐕߦߪ 26
ਁ 958 ੱߩ↢ᓤ߇ AP ⹜㛎ࠍฃ㛎ߒ㧘2006 ᐕߦߪ 28 ਁ 1,111 ੱ㧘ߘߒߡ 2007 ᐕߦߪ 29 ਁ
8,478 ੱߣߥߞߡ޿ࠆ‫ޕ‬2003 ᐕ߆ࠄ 2007 ᐕ߹ߢߩ㑆ߦ㧘‫⧷ޟ‬ᢥቇ࡮૞ᢥ‫ ߩޠ‬AP ⹜㛎ࠍฃ㛎ߒߚੱᢙߪ߅ࠃߘ 7 ਁੱჇ߃ߚߎߣߦߥࠆ‫ޕ‬߹ߚ㧘‫ޟ‬ᓸⓍಽ AB‫ߪߡ޿ߟߦޠ‬㧘2003 ᐕߦ߅ߌࠆ AP ⹜㛎ߩฃ㛎↢ᓤᢙߪ 16 ਁ 6,821 ੱߢ޽ߞߚ߇㧘2004 ᐕߦߪ 17 ਁ 5,094 ੱ㧘2005 ᐕߦߪ 18 ਁ 5992 ੱ㧘2006 ᐕߦߪ 19 ਁ 7,181
ੱ㧘ߘߒߡ 2007 ᐕߦߪߘߩᢙߪ 21 ਁ 1,693 ੱߣߥࠅ㧘ߘߩ 4 ᐕ㑆ߢ߅ࠃߘ 4 ਁ 5,000 ੱჇടߒߡ޿ࠆ‫ޕ‬‫ࠞ࡝ࡔࠕޟ‬ผ‫ ߩޠ‬AP ⹜㛎ߩฃ㛎⠪ᢙߪ㧘2003 ߦᐕߪ 24 ਁ 2,699 ੱߢ޽ߞߚ߇㧘2004 ᐕߦߪ 26 ਁ 2,906 ੱ㧘2005 ᐕߦߪ 28 ਁ 5,368 ੱߣᐕ‫ޘ‬Ⴧടߒߡ޿ࠆ‫ߡߒߘޕ‬㧘2006 ᐕߦߪ 30ਁੱࠍ⿥߃ߡ 31 ਁ 1,000 ੱߣߥࠅ㧘2007 ᐕߦߪ 33 ਁ 3,561 ੱ߇ AP ⹜㛎ࠍฃ㛎ߒߡ޿ࠆ‫ޕ‬‫ࠕޟ‬ࡔ࡝ࠞผ‫ߪߡ޿ߟߦޠ‬㧘2003 ᐕ߆ࠄ 2007 ᐕߦ߆ߌߡ㧘1 ᐕߏߣߦ߅ࠃߘ 2 ਁੱߕߟჇടߒߡ
޿ࠆߎߣ߇ࠊ߆ࠆ‫ߦ߁ࠃߩߎޕ‬㧘⧯ᐓߩ଀ᄖࠍ㒰޿ߡ㧘AP ࡊࡠࠣ࡜ࡓో૕ߣߒߡ߽⑼⋡೎ߦߺߡ߽ AP ⹜㛎ߩฃ㛎⠪ᢙߪᕆჇߒߡ޿ࠆߩߢ޽ࠆ‫ޕ‬

㧠㧚#2 ࡊࡠࠣ࡜ࡓߩ᜛ᄢᡰេ
㧔㧝㧕ࠞ࡟࠶ࠫࡏ࡯࠼ߦࠃࠆ㜞ᩞᡰេ AP ⑼⋡ߩጁୃߪ㧘↢ᓤ߇ AP ⹜㛎߿ᄢቇᢎ⢒߳ߩḰ஻ࠍⴕ߁ߩߦᓎ┙ߟߣ⠨߃ࠄࠇࠆ߇㧘ߘ― 26 ―

ߩታ〣ߦߪᒰὼߥ߇ࠄ⾗㊄߇ᔅⷐߣߥࠆߎߣ߽੐ታߢ޽ࠆ‫߼ߚߩߘޕ‬㧘㜞ᩞߣߒߡߪ AP ⑼⋡ߩ㐿⸳ࠍᏗᦸߔࠆ߇㧘⾗㊄ਇ⿷߇ේ࿃ߢ AP ⑼⋡ߩ㐿⸳߿Ⴧട߇ߢ߈ߥ޿㜞ᩞ߽ᄙߊሽ࿷ߔࠆ‫ޕ‬ߘߎߢ㧘ࠞ࡟࠶ࠫࡏ࡯࠼ߪ AP ࡊࡠࠣ࡜ࡓߩ᜛ᄢߦ㑐ᔃࠍᜬߟቇᩞ߿ᢎຬߦኻߒߡ⽷᡽㕙߿ᛛⴚ㕙ߩᡰេࠍⴕ߁ߚ߼ߩੑߟߩ┹੎⊛ߥ⵬ഥ㊄ࠍ⸳ߌߡ߅ࠅ㧘ߘߩ㗵ߪ 50 ਁ࠼࡞એ਄ߦ߽ߩ
߷ߞߡ޿ࠆ‫ޕ‬৻ߟ⋡ߪ AP ࠬ࠲࡯࠻ࠕ࠶ࡊ⵬ഥ㊄㧔APStartUpGrants㧕ߢ޽ࠅ㧘ߎࠇߪ AP ⑼⋡ߩ㐿⸳ࠍᏗᦸߔࠆቇᩞߩᡰេࠍ⋡⊛ߣߔࠆࡊࡠࠣ࡜ࡓߢ޽ࠆ‫ߚ߹ޕ‬㧘ࠞ࡟࠶ࠫࡏ࡯࠼ߪ⽷᡽ᡰេߦട߃ߡ AP ⑼⋡ߩታ〣ߦ㑐ߔࠆࠕ࠼ࡃࠗࠬ╬ߩᛛⴚ㕙ߩᡰេ߽ⴕߞߡ޿ࠆ‫ߩࡓ࡜ࠣࡠࡊߩߎޕ‬ኻ⽎ߣߥࠆߩߪ㧘AP ⑼⋡ࠍోߊឭଏߒߡ޿ߥ޿౏┙㜞ᩞߢ޽ࠅ㧘Ფᐕ 5 ᩞ߹ߢᡰេ߇ฃߌࠄ
ࠇࠆ‫ߚ߹ޕ‬㧘ᡰេࠍฃߌࠆቇᩞߪ 3 ᐕߏߣߦㆬ߮⋥ߐࠇࠆ߇㧘ߘߩ㓙ࠞ࡟࠶ࠫࡏ࡯࠼ߪᰴߩ᧦
ઙߦ⹥ᒰߔࠆ㜞ᩞࠍఝవߒߡㆬ߱ߎߣߦߥࠆ‫ߦ৻╙ޕ‬㧘ో↢ᓤߩ 50㧑એ਄ࠍࡑࠗࡁ࡝࠹ࠖߩ↢ᓤ߇භ߼ࠆቇᩞߢ޽ࠆ߆ߤ߁߆ߣ޿߁ὐߢ޽ࠆ‫╙ޕ‬ੑߦ㧘ૐᚲᓧጀߦ⹥ᒰߔࠆኅᐸߩ↢ᓤ߿㧘ኅᣖߩᐔဋ෼౉߇ㅪ㇌߇ቯ߼ࠆૐᚲᓧၮḰ㧔4 ੱኅᣖߩᐔဋᐕ෼ 3 ਁ 1,800 ࠼࡞㧕એਅߩ↢ᓤ߇ㅢ߁ቇᩞߢ޽ࠆ߆ߤ߁߆ߣ޿߁ὐߢ޽ࠆ‫ޕ‬หࡊࡠࠣ࡜ࡓߦࠃߞߡ⵬ഥߐࠇࠆ㗵ߪ 1 ᩞ޽ߚࠅᦨ㜞 3 ਁ࠼࡞ߢ޽ࠅ㧘ߘࠇߪ AP ⑼⋡ࠍᜂᒰߔࠆᢎຬߩኾ㐷ᕈߩะ਄ߩߚ߼߿㧘ᢎ᧚ߩ⾼౉╬ߦ↪޿ࠄࠇߡ޿ࠆ‫ޕ‬ߚߛߒ㧘ߎߩ AP ࠬ࠲࡯࠻ࠕ࠶ࡊ⵬ഥ㊄ߦࠃߞߡᡰេࠍฃߌࠆቇᩞߪ㧘એਅߦ␜ߔ⟵ോࠍ⽶ࠊߥߊߡߪߥࠄߥ޿‫ߦ৻╙ޕ‬㧘ࡊࡠࠣ࡜ࡓߩኻ⽎ߣߥࠆቇᩞߪዋߥߊߣ߽ 3 ⑼⋡ߩ AP ᝼ᬺࠍ㐿⸳ߒߥߊߡߪߥࠄߕ㧘㐿⸳ߢ߈ߥ޿႐วߪᡰេࠍฃߌࠆ⾗ᩰࠍ೸ᅓߐࠇࠆ‫╙ޕ‬ੑߦ㧘ߘߩ AP⑼⋡ࠍጁୃߔࠆ↢ᓤߪ AP ⹜㛎ࠍᔅߕฃ㛎ߒߥߊߡߪߥࠄߥ޿‫╙ޕ‬ਃߦ㧘AP ࡊࡠࠣ࡜ࡓߦ៤ࠊ
ࠆ੐ോ⡯ຬߪࠞ࡟࠶ࠫࡏ࡯࠼ਥ௅ߩࠕ࠼ࡒ࠾ࠬ࠻࡟࡯࠲࡯࡮࠻࡟࡯࠾ࡦࠣ߿ࠦ࡯࠺ࠖࡀ࡯࠲
࡯࡮࠻࡟࡯࠾ࡦࠣߦෳടߔࠆᔅⷐ߇޽ࠅ㧘ᢎຬ߽ࠞ࡟࠶ࠫࡏ࡯࠼ߦࠃࠆᄐᦼ⻠⠌ߦෳടߔࠆ⟵ോࠍ⽶ߞߡ޿ࠆ‫ޕ‬
2009 ᐕߩ AP ࠬ࠲࡯࠻ࠕ࠶ࡊ⵬ഥ㊄↳⺧ᦠߦࠃࠇ߫㧘ߎߩࡊࡠࠣ࡜ࡓߩታᣉߦߪ྾ߟߩᲑ
㓏߇޽ࠆߎߣ߇ࠊ߆ࠆ‫৻╙ޕ‬Ბ㓏ߪ㧘ቇᩞ߇ห⵬ഥ㊄ߦࠃߞߡᡰេࠍฃߌࠆߎߣ߇ߢ߈ࠆߣ⍮ࠄߐࠇߚ⋥ᓟ߆ࠄᆎ߹ࠆ㧔2009 ᐕ 3 ᦬㧕‫ޕ‬ᢎຬߪᢎຬ⎇ୃ㧔ProfessionalDevelopment㧕ߦෳടߒ㧘AP ⑼⋡ߩߚ߼ߦᔅⷐߥ࠹ࠠࠬ࠻߿ᢎ᧚ࠍ᣿⏕ߦߔࠆ㧔2009 ᐕ 3 ᦬߆ࠄ 8 ᦬㧕‫╙ޕ‬ੑᲑ
㓏ߪᦨೋߩ 1 ᐕ㑆ߢ޽ࠅ㧘ᢎຬߪࠦ࡯ࠬࠪ࡜ࡃࠬࠍࠞ࡟࠶ࠫࡏ࡯࠼߳ឭ಴ߒߚࠅ㧘ᢎ⑼ᦠ╬ߩᢎ᧚ࠍᵈᢥߒߚࠅ㧘↢ᓤ߿଻⼔⠪ߦ AP ࡊࡠࠣ࡜ࡓߦߟ޿ߡߩ⺑᣿ࠍⴕ޿㧘AP ⑼⋡ߦෳടߔࠆ
↢ᓤࠍ൐ߞߚࠅߔࠆ╬㧘3 ߟߩ AP ⑼⋡ࠍታ〣ߔࠆߚ߼ߩḰ஻ࠍⴕ߁‫ߚ߹ޕ‬㧘㜞ᩞߢ㐿⸳ߔࠆ 4ߟ⋡ߩ AP ⑼⋡ࠍ᳿ቯߒ㧘ߘߩ╙৻Ბ㓏ߩḰ஻ࠍⴕ߁‫╙ޕ‬ਃᲑ㓏ߣߒߡߪ㧘2 ᐕ⋡߇ߘߩᦼ㑆ߦᒰߚࠆ‫ᦨޕ‬ೋߩ 3 ߟߩ AP ⑼⋡ߪ㜞ᩞߢታ㓙ߦ᝼ᬺࠍⴕ޿㧘↢ᓤߪ AP ⹜㛎ߦะߌߡቇ⠌ߔࠆ‫ߚ߹ޕ‬㧘ߎߩᲑ㓏ߪ 4 ߟ⋡ߩ AP ⑼⋡ߩ⸘↹Ბ㓏ߢ߽޽ࠆ‫ᦨޕ‬ᓟߩ╙྾Ბ㓏ߪ 3 ᐕ⋡ߦ޽ߚࠅ㧘4 ߟ⋡ߩ AP ⑼⋡߇ߎߩᐕߦ㐿⸳ߐࠇࠆ‫ߚ߹ޕ‬㧘㜞ᩞߪ 5 ߟ⋡ߩ AP ⑼⋡ߩ⸘↹ࠍ┙ߡߥ߇ࠄ㧘ߔߢߦታᣉߐࠇߡ޿ࠆ AP ⑼⋡ߩല₸ൻߦദ߼ࠆ‫ޕ‬AP ࠬ࠲࡯࠻ࠕ࠶ࡊ⵬ഥ㊄ߩࡊࡠࠣ࡜

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ࡓߪ㧘ߎࠇࠄ߇৻ߟߩࠨࠗࠢ࡞ߣߥߞߚ߽ߩߢ޽ࠆ‫ߪߡߒߣ࠼࡯ࡏࠫ࠶࡟ࠞޕ‬㧘ߎߩࡊࡠࠣ࡜
ࡓࠍߡߎߦߒߡฦ㜞ᩞߢታ〣ߐࠇࠆ AP ⑼⋡ᢙ߇Ⴧടߒߡ޿ߊߎߣࠍᦼᓙߒߡ޿ࠆ‫ޕ‬߹ߚ㧘ࠞ࡟࠶ࠫࡏ࡯࠼ߦࠃࠆੑߟ⋡ߩ⽷᡽ᡰេࡊࡠࠣ࡜ࡓߣߒߡ㧘AP ࡈࠚࡠ࡯ࡊࡠࠣ࡜ࡓ
㧔APFellowsProgram㧕߇޽ࠆ‫ߪࠇߎޕ‬㧘વ⛔⊛ߦ AP ࡊࡠࠣ࡜ࡓ߳ߩෳടੱᢙ߇ዋߥ޿ߣ
ߐࠇߡ޿ࠆࡑࠗࡁ࡝࠹ࠖ߿ૐᚲᓧጀߩ↢ᓤ߇ᄙߊ࿷☋ߔࠆ㜞ᩞߦ߅޿ߡ㧘AP ⑼⋡ࠍ⸳ߌࠃ߁
ߣߔࠆᢎຬߦኻߒߡ⽷᡽ᡰេࠍⴕ߁ࡊࡠࠣ࡜ࡓߢ޽ࠆ‫ޕ‬2009 ᐕ㧘ࠞ࡟࠶ࠫࡏ࡯࠼ߪฦ AP ࡈࠚࡠ࡯ᢎຬߦ 1000 ࠼࡞ࠍឭଏߔࠆߎߣߦߥࠆ‫ޕ‬หࡊࡠࠣ࡜ࡓߦࠃߞߡਈ߃ࠄࠇࠆ⵬ഥ㊄ߪ㧘ᢎຬ߇ AP ࡊࡠࠣ࡜ࡓᄐᦼ⻠⠌ߦෳടߔࠆߚ߼ߦᔅⷐߥ⾌↪ߦలߡࠄࠇࠆ߇㧘AP ⑼⋡ߢ↪޿ࠆᢎ᧚╬ࠍ⾼౉ߔࠆߎߣߪߢ߈ߥ޿ߎߣߦߥߞߡ޿ࠆ‫ޕ‬ᄐᦼ⻠⠌ߢߪ㧘ฦ AP ⑼⋡ߦ㑐ߔࠆዷᦸ߿㧘ࠞ࡝ࠠࡘ࡜ࡓߩᄌൻߦߟ޿ߡߩᦨᣂߩᖱႎࠍᓧࠄࠇࠆߚ߼㧘ᢎຬߦߣߞߡߪ⾆㊀ߥ⚻㛎ߣߥࠆ‫ޕ‬ ᰴߦ㧘ࠞ࡟࠶ࠫࡏ࡯࠼ߪ AP ࡊࡠࠣ࡜ࡓߩ⊒ዷߦ⽸₂ߒߚ㜞ᩞߦኻߒߡ⴫ᓆ߿⾨㊄߽⿅ߞߡ߅ࠅ㧘㜞ᩞߦߣߞߡߎࠇߦฃ⾨ߔࠆߎߣߪฬჿߩ₪ᓧߣ߽⋥ធ⚿߮ߟߊߎߣߦߥࠆ‫ߕ߹ޕ‬㧘⴫ᓆߣߒߡߪ㧘ࠞ࡟࠶ࠫࡏ࡯࠼߇ AP ࡊࡠࠣ࡜ࡓߦⓍᭂ⊛ߦขࠅ⚵ࠎߛ㜞ᩞߦኻߒߡᲤᐕ⿅ࠆᅑബ⾨㧔TheInspirationAwards㧕ߣ޿߁⾨߇޽ࠆ‫ߪ⾨ߩߎޕ‬㧘AP ⑼⋡ߩ⊒ዷߦᦨ߽ജࠍᵈ޿ߛ㜞ᩞࠍ⴫ᓆߒ㧘ߘߩขࠅ⚵ߺࠍઁߩ㜞ᩞߦ߽෻ᤋߐߖࠆߎߣࠍ⋡⊛ߣߒߡഃ⸳ߐࠇߚ‫ޕ‬Ფᐕᤐ㧘ࠞ࡟࠶ࠫࡏ࡯࠼ߪ࿖ౝߩ 3 ߟߩ㜞ᩞߦኻߒߡߎߩ⾨ࠍ⿅ࠆ߇㧘ߘߩቇᩞࠍ᳿ቯߔࠆߩߪ
╙ਃ⠪ߩᢎ⢒ኾ㐷ኅ࿅૕ߢ޽ࠅ㧘౏ᐔᕈࠍ଻ߞߡ޿ࠆ‫ߩߎޕ‬ᅑബ⾨ࠍฃ⾨ߒߚ㜞ᩞߢߪ㧘ᢎຬߪ߽ߜࠈࠎ㧘଻⼔⠪߿࿾ၞࠦࡒࡘ࠾࠹ࠖߣ߽ㅪ៤ߒߡ㧘AP ⑼⋡ࠍ⊒ዷߐߖࠆߚ߼ߦⓍᭂ⊛ߥᵴേࠍⴕߞߡ޿ࠆߎߣ߇ᄙ޿‫ޕ‬2007 ᐕߩฃ⾨ᩞߪ㧘ࡧࠔ࡯ࠫ࠾ࠕᎺߩ࠺ࡦࡃࠗ㜞ᩞ㧔DenbighHighSchool㧕ߣ㧘࠹ࠠࠨࠬᎺߩࡉࡠ࠶ࠤࡦ࡝࠶ࠫ㜞ᩞ㧔GWBrackenridgeHighSchool㧕㧘ߘߒߡࡈࡠ࡝࠳Ꮊߩࠬ࠻࡜࠽ࡂࡦ㜞ᩞ㧔StranahanHighSchool㧕ߩ 3 ᩞߢ޽ߞߚ‫ౕߩߘޕ‬૕଀ߣߒߡ࠺ࡦࡃࠗ㜞ᩞࠍขࠅ਄ߍࠆߣ㧘ߎߩ㜞ᩞߪᄙ᭽ߥ↢ᓤߦࠃߞߡ᭴ᚑߐࠇߡ޿ࠆ‫ోޕ‬↢ᓤᢙߪ 1640 ੱߢ㧘ߘߩ߁ߜ 52㧑߇‫↢ޠ♽ࠞ࡝ࡈࠕޟ‬ᓤ㧘6㧑߇‫↢ߩޠࠢ࠶࠾ࡄࠬࡅޟ‬ᓤ㧘
ߘߒߡ 6㧑߇‫↢ޠ♽ࠕࠫࠕޟ‬ᓤߣߥߞߡ޿ࠆ‫ߚ߹ޕ‬㧘ో૕ߩ 45㧑ߩ↢ᓤ߇࡜ࡦ࠴ࡊࡠࠣ࡜ࡓߦ
⹥ᒰߒߡ޿ࠆ‫ߩߎޕ‬㜞ᩞߪਛቇᩞߣㅪ៤ߔࠆߎߣߦࠃߞߡ㧘㜞ᩞߦ౉ቇ੍ቯߩ↢ᓤߦኻߒߡ౉
ቇ೨ߦ⧷⺆߿ઍᢙ╬ߩ⑼⋡ߦߟ޿ߡᄐߦ 5 ㅳ㑆ߩ⺖ᄖࡊࡠࠣ࡜ࡓࠍឭଏߒߡ޿ࠆ‫ࠣࡠࡊߩߎޕ‬࡜ࡓߪਛቇᩞ߆ࠄ㜞ᩞ߳ߩ౞Ṗߥ⒖ⴕࠍଦߔߚ߼ߦ㧘㜞ᩞ↢ߩᲑ㓏ߢᔅⷐߣߐࠇࠆၮ␆⊛ߥቇജࠍචಽߦ㙃߁ߎߣࠍ⋡⊛ߦⴕࠊࠇߡ޿ࠆ‫ߦ߁ࠃߩߘޕ‬ၮ␆⊛ߥቇജࠍචಽߦりߦઃߌߐߖࠆ
ߎߣߦࠃߞߡ㧘AP ⑼⋡ߣ޿߁ᄢቇ࡟ࡌ࡞ߩ᝼ᬺߦኻᔕߢ߈ࠆࠃ߁ߥⅣႺࠍ೨߽ߞߡᢛ߃ߚߎ
ߣ߇⹏ଔߐࠇߚߩߢ޽ࠆ‫ߚ߹ޕ‬㧘AP ⑼⋡ߦᔅⷐߥ⎇ⓥེ᧚ࠍ࿾రડᬺ߇ឭଏߔࠆ╬㧘ࠦࡒࡘ࠾࠹ࠖߩදജ߇޽ߞߚߎߣ߽ᵈ⋡ߦ୯ߔࠆ‫ޕ‬
ߎࠇࠄ 3 ߟߩ㜞ᩞߪ⾨㊄ߣߒߡ 2 ਁ 5,000 ࠼࡞ࠍ㧘ߐࠄߦߘߩઁߩ 5 ߟߩቇᩞ߇ദജ⾨ߣߒߡ⾨㊄ 1,000 ࠼࡞ࠍ₪ᓧߒߡ޿ࠆ‫ߥ߁ࠃߩߎޕ‬ႎ㈽߽㧘ᄙߊߩ㜞ᩞ߇ AP ࡊࡠࠣ࡜ࡓߦෳടߔࠆ৻ߟߩࠗࡦ࠮ࡦ࠹ࠖࡉߦ߽ߥߞߡ޿ࠆߣ⠨߃ࠄࠇࠆ‫ޕ‬ᰴߦ㧘ࠪ࡯ࡔࡦࠬ⾨㧔SiemensAwardsforAP㧕ߣ޿߁⾨߽⸳ߌࠄࠇߡ޿ࠆ‫ߪࠇߎޕ‬㧘ࠞ࡟

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࠶ࠫࡏ࡯࠼߇ࠪ࡯ࡔࡦࠬ␠ߣឭ៤ߒ㧘ᢙቇߣℂ⑼ߩಽ㊁ߦ߅ߌࠆ↢ᓤߩቇജࠍะ਄ߐߖࠆߚ߼
ߦ⸳ߌߚ⾨ߢ޽ࠆ‫ߪࠇߎޕ‬ᢙቇߣℂ⑼ߩಽ㊁ߦ߅ߌࠆ AP ࡊࡠࠣ࡜ࡓ߳ෳടߔࠆ↢ᓤᢙࠍჇ߿
ߒ㧘ࠃࠅᄙߊߩ↢ᓤ߇ߘߩ AP ⹜㛎ߢᅢᚑ❣ࠍ޽ߍߚ㜞ᩞࠍฦᎺߦߟ߈ 1 ᩞㆬࠎߢ⴫ᓆߔࠆ߽
ߩߢ޽ࠆ‫⴫ߡߒߘޕ‬ᓆߐࠇߚ㜞ᩞߪ㧘⾨㊄ߣߒߡ 1,000 ࠼࡞ࠍ₪ᓧߔࠆߎߣߦߥࠆ‫ޕ‬ ߹ߚ㧘ࠞ࡟࠶ࠫࡏ࡯࠼ߪ‫ޡ‬ᐕᰴႎ๔ᦠ㧔AdvancedPlacementReporttotheNation㧕‫ߩޢ‬ߥ߆ߢ㧘Ꮊߏߣߦᦨ߽Ⓧᭂ⊛ߦ AP ࡊࡠࠣ࡜ࡓߦขࠅ⚵ࠎߛ㜞ᩞࠍႎ๔ߒߡ޿ࠆ‫ߪࠇߎޕ‬㧘ቇᩞߦߣߞߡฬ⹷ߥߎߣߢ޽ࠅ㧘ߎࠇ߽ᄙߊߩ㜞ᩞ߇ AP ࡊࡠࠣ࡜ࡓߩ⊒ዷߦዧജߔࠆⷐ࿃ߢ޽
ࠆߣ⠨߃ࠄࠇࠆ‫ޕ‬એ਄ߩࠃ߁ߥࠞ࡟࠶ࠫࡏ࡯࠼ߦࠃࠆⶋ⾨೙ᐲߪ㧘ฦ㜞ᩞߦߣߞߡ⾗㊄₪ᓧߣ޿߁ࠗࡦ࠮ࡦ࠹
ࠖࡉߣߥࠅ㧘AP ࡊࡠࠣ࡜ࡓ߳ߩෳടࠍଦߔലᨐࠍ߽ߟ‫ߚ߹ޕ‬㧘⴫ᓆ⥄૕߇㜞ᩞߩฬჿߦ⋥⚿ߔࠆ߽ߩߢ޽ࠅ㧘ᄙߊߩ㜞ᩞ߇ࡊࡠࠣ࡜ࡓ߳Ⓧᭂ⊛ߦෳടߔࠆⷐ࿃ߣߥࠆߣ⠨߃ࠄࠇࠆߩߢ޽ࠆ‫ޕ‬㧔㧞㧕ࠞ࡟࠶ࠫࡏ࡯࠼ߦࠃࠆ↢ᓤᡰេࠞ࡟࠶ࠫࡏ࡯࠼ߦࠃࠆߎ߁ߒߚᡰេ╷ߪ↢ᓤ୘ੱ߽߳ะߌࠄࠇߡ޿ࠆ‫ޕ‬ࠃࠅᄙߊߩ↢ᓤ߇ APࡊࡠࠣ࡜ࡓߦෳടߔࠆߚ߼ߩࠗࡦ࠮ࡦ࠹ࠖࡉߣߒߡ㧘ࠞ࡟࠶ࠫࡏ࡯࠼ߪ AP ⹜㛎ߢఝ⑲ߥᚑ❣
ࠍ෼߼ߚ⠪ߦኻߒߡ⴫ᓆࠍⴕ޿㧘ߐࠄߦ⾨㊄ࠍਈ߃ࠆ೙ᐲࠍ⸳ߌߡ޿ࠆߩߢ޽ࠆ‫߫߃଀ޕ‬㧘AP
⹜㛎ߢߩᚑ❣ఝ⑲⠪ߦኻߒߡ㧘AP ఝ⑲⾨㧔APScholarAwards㧕ߣࠪ࡯ࡔࡦࠬ⾨㧔SiemensAwardsforAP㧕ߣ޿߁ 2 ߟߩ⴫ᓆࠍⴕߞߡ޿ࠆ‫ޕ‬⴫㧞㧙㧡 #2 ఝ⑲⾨ߣߘߩฃ⾨ੱᢙ

AP ఝ⑲⾨ฃ⾨ੱᢙAPScholar

135,080

APScholarwithHonor

55,318

APScholarwithDistinction

73,925NationalAPScholar

9,603

StateAPScholar

104

DoDEAAPScholar

2InternationalAPScholar

2಴ᚲ㧕College Board (2008). AP Scholar Awards.
<http://professionals.collegeboard.com/k-12/awards/ap-scholar>ࠍ߽ߣߦ╩⠪૞ᚑ‫ޕ‬ ߹ߕ㧘APఝ⑲⾨ߪ㧘ᄙߊߩ⑼⋡ߩ AP ⹜㛎ߢఝ⑲ߥᚑ❣ࠍ෼߼ߚ↢ᓤߦኻߒߡࠞ࡟࠶ࠫࡏ
࡯࠼߇Ფᐕ 10 ᦬ߦ⿅ࠆ߽ߩߢ޽ࠆ‫⾨ߪߦࠇߎޕ‬㊄ߪߥ޿߇㧘ฃ⾨ߒߚ↢ᓤ߇ߘߩᣦࠍᄢቇߦ

― 29 ―

ႎ๔ߔࠇ߫㧘ᄢቇߪߘࠇࠍ౉ቇ⠪ㆬᛮᤨߦఝㆄߔࠆ‫ ߪߦ⾨ߩߎޕ‬7 ⒳㘃޽ࠅ㧘ߘߩ 7 ⒳㘃ߩ⾨
ߣ 2007 ᐕߦߘࠇߙࠇߩ⾨ࠍฃ⾨ߒߚੱᢙࠍ␜ߒߚߩ߇⴫ 2㧙5 ߢ޽ࠆ㧔⾨ฬߪ⸶ߔߣᷙੂߒ߿
ߔ޿ߚ߼એਅේ⺆ߩ߹߹⴫⸥ߔࠆ㧕‫ޕ‬
⴫ 2㧙5 ߦ␜ߔ APScholar ߪ㧘3 ⑼⋡એ਄ߩ AP ⹜㛎ߦ߅޿ߡ㧘3 એ਄ߩᚑ❣ࠍ෼߼ߚ↢ᓤߦ⿅ࠄࠇࠆ⾨ߢ޽ࠆ‫ߪ⾨ߩߎޕ‬ฃ⾨ੱᢙߦ೙㒢߇⸳ߌࠄࠇߡ޿ߥ޿ߚ߼㧘↢ᓤ߇ࡊࡠࠣ࡜ࡓ߳
ෳടߔࠆࠗࡦ࠮ࡦ࠹ࠖࡉߦߥࠅ߿ߔ޿ߣ⠨߃ࠄࠇࠆ‫ޕ‬2007 ᐕߦ APScholar ࠍฃ⾨ߒߚ↢ᓤߪ
ว⸘ 13 ਁ 5,080 ੱߢ޽ࠅ㧘ో૕ߩ AP ⹜㛎ฃ㛎⠪ᢙ 146 ਁ 4,254 ੱߩ߅ࠃߘ 10㧑ߩ↢ᓤ߇
APScholar ࠍฃ⾨ߒߡ޿ࠆߎߣߦߥࠆ‫ޕ‬ᰴߦ APScholarwithHonor ߪ㧘4 ⑼⋡એ਄ߩ AP ⹜㛎ߢ 3 એ਄ߩᚑ❣ࠍ෼߼㧘ߘߩᐔဋᚑ❣߇ 3.25 એ਄ߢ޽ߞߚ↢ᓤߦਈ߃ࠄࠇࠆ‫ ߽ࠇߎޕ‬APScholar ߣห᭽ߦ㧘ฃ⾨ੱᢙߦ਄㒢ߪߥ޿ߚ߼㧘↢ᓤߩෳടࠗࡦ࠮ࡦ࠹ࠖࡉߣߥࠆ‫ޕ‬2007 ᐕߩฃ⾨⠪ߪ 5 ਁ 5,318 ੱߢ㧘APScholar
ࠍฃ⾨ߒߚੱᢙߩ⚂ඨಽߢ޽ࠆ‫ޕ‬
ߐࠄߦ㧘APScholarwithDistinction ߪ㧘5 ⑼⋡એ਄ߩ AP ⹜㛎ߢ 3 એ਄ߩᚑ❣ࠍ෼߼㧘ߘߩᐔဋᚑ❣߇ 3.5 એ਄ߢ޽ߞߚ↢ᓤߦਈ߃ࠄࠇࠆ‫߽⾨ߩߎޕ‬ฃ⾨ੱᢙߦ೙㒢ߪߥ޿‫ޕ‬AP
ScholarwithDistinction ࠍฃ⾨ߔࠆߚ߼ߦߪ APScholarwithHonor ࠃࠅ߽ᅢᚑ❣߇ⷐ᳞ߐࠇࠆߦ߽㑐ࠊࠄߕ㧘ߘߩฃ⾨ੱᢙߪ 7 ਁ 3,925 ੱߢ APScholarwithHonor ࠃࠅ߽߅ࠃߘ
2 ਁੱᄙߊߥߞߡ޿ࠆ‫ޕ‬߹ߚ㧘NationalAPScholar ߪ㧘ᦨૐ 8 ⑼⋡ߩ AP ⹜㛎ߩᚑ❣߇ 4 એ਄ߢ޽ࠅ㧘ోߡߩᐔဋ
ᚑ❣߇ 4 એ਄ߢ޽ࠆ↢ᓤߦਈ߃ࠄࠇࠆ‫ ߪࠇߎޕ‬APScholarAwards7 ⒳㘃ߩߥ߆ߢᦨ߽࡟ࡌ࡞
ߩ㜞޿⾨ߢ޽ࠅ㧘ߒߚ߇ߞߡߘߩฃ⾨⠪߽਄ㅀߩ 3 ߟߩ⾨ߦᲧߴߡዋߥ޿ 9,603 ੱߣߥߞߡ޿
ࠆ‫ޕ‬StateAPScholar ߪ㧘ฦᎺߢᦨ߽ᄙߊߩ⑼⋡ߩ AP ⹜㛎ߦ߅޿ߡ 3 એ਄ߩᚑ❣ࠍ෼߼㧘ߘߩᐔဋᚑ❣߇ 3.5 એ਄ߢ޽ࠆ↵ሶ↢ᓤ 1 ฬߣᅚሶ↢ᓤ 1 ฬߦਈ߃ࠄࠇࠆ‫ޕ‬DoDEAAPScholarߪ㧘࿖㒐⋭ᢎ⢒ᵴേቇᩞ㧔DepartmentofDefenseEducationActivity DoDEA School㧕ߦㅢ߁↢ᓤߢ㧘AP ⹜㛎ߩᐔဋᚑ❣߇ᦨ߽ఝ⑲ߢ޽ߞߚ↵ሶ↢ᓤ 1 ฬߣᅚሶ↢ᓤ 1 ฬߦਈ߃ࠄ
ࠇࠆ‫ᦨޕ‬ᓟߦ InternationalAPScholar ߪ㧘ࠕࡔ࡝ࠞ࿖☋એᄖߩ↢ᓤߢ㧘AP ⹜㛎ߩᐔဋᚑ❣
߇ᦨ߽ఝ⑲ߥ↵ሶߣᅚሶߘࠇߙࠇ 1 ฬߦ⿅ࠄࠇࠆ‫ޕ‬߽߁৻ᣇߩ AP ᢙℂ⾨ߪ㧘․ߦᢙቇߣℂ⑼ߩಽ㊁ߩ AP ⹜㛎ߦ߅޿ߡᚑ❣߇ఝ⑲ߢ޽ࠆ↢ᓤࠍ⴫ᓆߔࠆ߽ߩߢ޽ࠅ㧘ߎࠇࠍฃ⾨ߒߚ↢ᓤߪ 2,000 ࠼࡞޽ࠆ޿ߪ 5,000 ࠼࡞ߩᅑቇ㊄߽₪ᓧߔࠆߎߣ߇ߢ߈ࠆ‫ߪߢࠞ࡝ࡔࠕޕ‬ᢙቇߣℂ⑼ߩቇജࠍะ਄ߐߖࠆߚ߼ߦ㧘଀߃߫ᢙቇ߿ℂ⑼ߩ
AP ࡊࡠࠣ࡜ࡓ߳Ⓧᭂ⊛ߦෳടߔࠆߎߣ߽ଦߒߡ޿ࠆ‫ޕ‬2005 ᐕߦㅪ㇌᡽ᐭߪ㧘ᢙቇߣℂ⑼ߩ
AP ࡊࡠࠣ࡜ࡓߦෳടߔࠆ↢ᓤᢙࠍ 2005 ᐕߩ 38 ਁੱ߆ࠄ 2012 ᐕ߹ߢߦ 150 ਁੱߦჇ߿ߔߎ
ߣࠍት⸒ߒߡ޿ࠆ‫ޕ‬2,000 ࠼࡞ߩᅑቇ㊄ߪ㧘ฦᎺߦ߅޿ߡ 8 ⑼⋡㧔‫ޠ‛↢ޟ‬
㧘‫ޟ‬ᓸⓍಽ BC‫ޠ‬㧘‫ޟ‬ൻቇ‫ޠ‬㧘‫ޟ‬ᖱႎ⑼ቇ AB‫ޠ‬㧘‫ޟ‬ⅣႺ⑼ቇ‫ޠ‬㧘‫‛ޟ‬ℂቇ Cജቇ‫ޠ‬㧘‫‛ޟ‬ℂቇ C㔚᳇ቇ࡮⏛᳇ቇ‫ޠ‬㧘‫⸘⛔ޟ‬ቇ‫ޠ‬㧕ߩ AP ⹜㛎ߢᦨ߽ఝ⑲ߥᚑ❣ࠍ෼߼ߚ↵ሶ↢ᓤ1 ฬߣᅚሶ↢ᓤ 1 ฬߩ⸘ 2 ฬ߇₪ᓧߔࠆߎߣߦߥߞߡ޿ࠆ‫ޕ‬ߐࠄߦ㧘― 30 ―

ᓐࠄߩߥ߆ߢᚑ❣߇ᦨ߽ఝ⑲ߥ↵ሶ↢ᓤ 1 ฬߣᅚሶ↢ᓤ 1 ฬߩ⸘ 2 ฬߪ㧘ߘࠇߦട߃ߡ 5,000
࠼࡞ߩ⾨㊄ࠍᓧࠆߎߣ߇ߢ߈ࠆߩߢ޽ࠆ‫ޕ‬㧔㧟㧕ㅪ㇌᡽ᐭߦࠃࠆᡰេ
ߎߩࠃ߁ߥ AP ࡊࡠࠣ࡜ࡓ᜛ᄢᡰេ╷ߪ㧘ࠞ࡟࠶ࠫࡏ࡯࠼ߛߌߢߪߥߊ㧘ㅪ㇌᡽ᐭ߽ਥߦੑ
ߟߩᡰេ╷ࠍㅢߒߡⓍᭂ⊛ߦ㑐ࠊߞߡ޿ࠆ‫ߪߟ৻ޕ‬㧘⚻ᷣ⊛ߦ࿎㔍ߥ↢ᓤࠍᛴ߃ࠆ㜞ᩞࠍᡰេߔࠆࡊࡠࠣ࡜ࡓ㧔AdvancedPlacementIncentiveProgram㧦APIP㧕ߢ޽ࠆ‫ߪࠇߎޕ‬㧘ࠃࠅᄙߊߩૐᚲᓧጀߩ↢ᓤࠍ AP ࡊࡠࠣ࡜ࡓߦෳടߐߖ㧘ᄢቇㅴቇࠍଦߔߎߣࠍ⋡⊛ߣߒߚ߽ߩߢ
޽ࠆ‫ޕ‬2008 ᐕߦߪหࡊࡠࠣ࡜ࡓߩߚ߼ߦ 1,240 ਁ࠼࡞߇↪ᗧߐࠇߚ‫ޕ‬ᒰὼߩߎߣߥ߇ࠄ㧘⵬ഥ
㊄ߪૐᚲᓧጀߩ↢ᓤ߇ AP ࡊࡠࠣ࡜ࡓߦෳടߔࠆᯏળࠍ᜛ᄢߐߖࠆߚ߼ߦ↪޿ߥߊߡߪߥࠄߥ
޿ߚ߼㧘଀߃߫㧘AP ⑼⋡ࠍᜂᒰߔࠆᢎຬߩ࠻࡟࡯࠾ࡦࠣ㧘࿑ᦠ߿ߘߩઁߩᢎ᧚⾼౉╬߇ߘߩ↪ㅜߣߒߡ⠨߃ࠄࠇࠆ‫ߩࡓ࡜ࠣࡠࡊߩߎޕ‬ഥᚑኻ⽎ߪ㧘࿾ᣇᢎ⢒ዪ㧔LocalEducationAgencies㧕㧘㕖༡೑࿅૕㧘Ꮊᢎ⢒ዪ㧔StateEducationAgencies㧕╬ߢ޽ࠆ‫ޕ‬2006 ᐕߦࡃ࡯ࡒࡦࡂࡓᢎ⢒ᆔຬળߪหࡊࡠࠣ࡜ࡓߦࠃߞߡ 92 ਁ 1,082 ࠼࡞ߩᡰេࠍฃߌ㧘Tapping AcademicPotential TAP ࡊࡠࠫࠚࠢ࠻ࠍⴕߥߞߚ‫ ߩߎޕ‬TAP ࡊࡠࠫࠚࠢ࠻ߪ㧘8 ߟߩ⽺ߒ޿㜞ᩞߦ߅޿ߡ AP ⑼⋡ߦෳടߔࠆ↢ᓤࠍჇടߐߖࠆߎߣࠍ⋡⊛ߣߒߚ߽ߩߢ޽ࠆ‫ޕ‬TAP ߦߪ㧘ᜂᒰ⑼⋡߿ᢎ⢒ቇߦ㑐ߔࠆᢎຬߩ⍮⼂ࠍᒝൻߔࠆߚ߼ߩ࠻࡟࡯࠾ࡦࠣ㧘⧷⺆ߣᢙቇߩಽ㊁ߦ߅ߌࠆࠞ࡟࠶
ࠫࡏ࡯࠼ߩࡕ࠺࡞ࠞ࡝ࠠࡘ࡜ࡓߩታᣉ㧘ߘߒߡ↢ᓤߩࠞ࠙ࡦ࠮࡝ࡦࠣ߿୘ੱᜰዉ߽฽߹ࠇߡ޿
ࠆ‫ޕ‬߽߁৻ߟߪ㧘ૐᚲᓧጀߩ↢ᓤߩߚ߼ߦᎺ߇ AP ⹜㛎ߩฃ㛎ᢱࠍ⢋ઍࠊࠅߢ߈ࠆࠃ߁ߦㅪ㇌᡽
ᐭ߇⵬ഥ㊄ࠍ੤ઃߔࠆࡊࡠࠣ࡜ࡓ APTestFeeProgram ߢ޽ࠆ‫ߡߞࠃߦࠇߎޕ‬㧘Ꮊߪૐᚲᓧ
ጀߩ↢ᓤߢ AP ⹜㛎ࠍฃߌࠃ߁ߣߔࠆ⠪ߩฃ㛎ᢱࠍ⛮⛯ߒߡ⢋ઍࠊࠅߔࠆߎߣ߇น⢻ߣߥࠆ‫ޕ‬╙ 4 ┨ߢ⹦ߒߊㅀߴࠆ߇㧘AP ⹜㛎ࠍฃ㛎ߔࠆߦߪ 1 ⑼⋡ߏߣߦฃ㛎ᢱࠍᡰᛄࠊߥߌࠇ߫ߥࠄ
ߥ޿‫ޕ‬2008 ᐕߦ߅ߌࠆฃ㛎ᢱߪ㧘1 ⑼⋡޽ߚࠅ 84 ࠼࡞ߢ޽ࠅ㧘ฃ㛎ᢱߩᡰᛄ޿߇࿎㔍ߢ⹜㛎ࠍฃߌࠆߎߣ߇಴᧪ߥ޿ૐᚲᓧጀߩ↢ᓤ߽ሽ࿷ߔࠆ‫↢ߥ߁ࠃߩߘޕ‬ᓤߦઍࠊߞߡᎺ߇ฃ㛎ᢱߩ৻ㇱࠍᡰᛄ߁ߎߣߦࠃߞߡ㧘ࠃࠅᄙߊߩ↢ᓤ߇ AP ࡊࡠࠣ࡜ࡓߦෳടߢ߈ࠆࠃ߁ߦߒߡ޿ࠆߩ
ߢ޽ࠆ‫ޕ‬ߐࠄߦ㧘ߣㅪ㇌᡽ᐭߪ㧘ᢙቇߣℂ⑼ߩቇജࠍะ਄ߐߖࠆߚ߼ߦ㧘ᣂߒߊ AP ࡊࡠࠣ࡜ࡓࠍᜂ
ᒰߔࠆᢎຬࠍ࠻࡟࡯࠾ࡦࠣߔࠆߎߣ߿㧘ࠃࠅᄙߊߩ↢ᓤࠍ AP ࡊࡠࠣ࡜ࡓߦෳടߐߖࠆ⸘↹߽┙᩺ߒߡ޿ࠆ‫ࡘࠪ࠶ࡉޕ‬᡽ᮭߩ 2007 ᐕᐲ੍▚ߢߪ㧘ߎࠇࠄߩ⸘↹ߦኻߒߡ 38 ం࠼࡞ࠍᛩ౉ߔ
ࠆࠃ߁⺞ᢛߒߚ‫ޕ‬ᄢ⛔㗔ߦࠃࠆឭ᩺ߢߪ㧘AP ࡊࡠࠣ࡜ࡓ߿࿖㓙ࡃࠞࡠ࡟ࠕ㧔IB㧕ࠢ࡜ࠬߩᢙ
ቇߣℂ⑼ߩᢎຬࠍᣂߚߦ 7 ਁੱჇടߐߖ㧘2015 ᐕ߹ߢߦߎࠇࠄߩ⑼⋡ߩᢎຬࠍߐࠄߦ 3 ਁੱჇ߿ߔߎߣ߇⸘↹ߐࠇߚ‫ޕ‬7 ਁੱߩᣂߚߥ AP ᢎຬߪ㧘ㅢᏱߩ᝼ᬺ⑼⋡ߩ਄⚖࡟ࡌ࡞ࠍᢎ߃ࠆ
ߎߣࠍ⹺߼ࠄࠇߡ޿ߥ޿ℂ⑼߿ᢙቇߩᢎຬࠍ࠻࡟࡯࠾ࡦࠣߒ㧘޽ࠆ޿ߪ‫ޟ‬AP ᢙቇ‫ߩޠ‬ᢎຬ߇‫ޟ‬AP ℂ⑼‫ࠍ⋡⑼ߩޠ‬ᢎ߃ࠄࠇࠆࠃ߁ߦ㧔ߘߩㅒ߽ห᭽㧕࠻࡟࡯࠾ࡦࠣߔࠆߎߣߦࠃߞߡჇຬ

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ߐߖࠆߎߣࠍ⸘↹ߒߡ޿ࠆ‫ޕ‬ ᄢ⛔㗔ߩ⊒᩺ߪ㧘AP ࡊࡠࠣ࡜ࡓߣ IB ߦෳടߔࠆ↢ᓤߩᢙࠍ഍⊛ߦჇടߐߖ㧘߹ߚߎࠇࠄߩ
࠹ࠬ࠻ߦวᩰߔࠆ↢ᓤߩᢙࠍ 2012 ᐕ߹ߢߦ 3 ୚ߦߒ㧘70 ਁੱ߹ߢ೔㆐ߐߖࠆߎߣࠍ⋡ᮡߦߒߡ޿ࠆߩߢ޽ࠆ‫ࡘࠪ࠶ࡉޕ‬᡽ᮭߩ AP ࡊࡠࠣ࡜ࡓ߳ߩᡰេߩᗧ࿑ߪ㧘ᢎ⢒⋭೽㐳ቭߢ޽ࠆ࡞࡯
ࠬ㧔TomLuce㧕ߦࠃߞߡ᣿ࠄ߆ߦߐࠇߚ߇㧘ᓐߪ AP ࡊࡠࠣ࡜ࡓࠍᄢቇߢߩ㧔ߘߒߡ዁᧪߳
ߩ㧕ᚑഞߩ㎛ߢ޽ࠆߣ૏⟎ߠߌߡ޿ࠆߩߢ޽ࠆ‫ޕ‬㧔㧠㧕ߘߩઁߩᡰេ╷ ߎ߁ߒߚᡰេ╷ߪ᳃㑆ߩ࿅૕ߢ߽ⴕࠊࠇߡ޿ࠆ‫ ࠍ଀ߩߘޕ‬2㧘3 ⚫੺ߔࠆߣએਅߩࠃ߁ߦߥ
ࠆ‫ߩࠬ࡜࠳ޕ‬㕖༡೑࿅૕ߢ޽ࠆ AP ࠬ࠻࡜࠹ࠫ࡯␠㧔AdvancedPlacementStrategiesInc.㧕
ߪ㧘㜞ᩞߢߩቇ⠌ߦ߅޿ߡ AP ࡊࡠࠣ࡜ࡓࠍࠃࠅਇนᰳߥ߽ߩߦߔࠆߚ߼ߦ㧘AP ⹜㛎ߢ 3 એ਄ߩᚑ❣ࠍ෼߼ߚ↢ᓤߦႎᅑ㊄ࠍਈ߃ߡ޿ࠆ‫ߦࠄߐޕ‬㧘ႎᅑ㊄ߩኻ⽎ߪ↢ᓤߩߺߥࠄߕ㧘AP⑼⋡ࠍᜂᒰߔࠆᢎຬ߿ᩞ㐳ߦ߹ߢ෸ࠎߢ޿ࠆ‫ޕ‬AP ⑼⋡ࠍᜂᒰߔࠆᢎຬߪ㧘AP ⹜㛎ߦวᩰߒߚ
↢ᓤ 1 ੱߦߟ߈ 100 ࠼࡞߆ࠄ 500 ࠼࡞ࠍฃߌขࠅ㧘ߐࠄߦ૗ᐕ㑆ߦ߽ࠊߚߞߡߘߩᚑ❣߇ะ਄ߔࠇ߫ࡏ࡯࠽ࠬߣߒߡ 500 ࠼࡞߆ࠄ 2,000 ࠼࡞ࠍฃߌࠆ‫ߡߒߘޕ‬㧘ᩞ㐳ߪቇᩞߦ߅޿ߡ AP ⑼⋡ߩ⊒ዷࠍᡰេߒߚߎߣ߇⹺߼ࠄࠇࠇ߫ 1,500 ࠼࡞߆ࠄ 3,000 ࠼࡞ࠍฃߌขࠆߎߣߦߥࠆߩߢ
޽ࠆ‫ޕ‬
߹ߚ㧘࠹ࠠࠨࠬࠗࡦࠬ࠻࡜ࡔࡦ࠻␠㧔TexasInstruments㧕ߪ㧘‫ޟ‬ᢙቇ‫ޠ‬㧘‫ޟ‬ℂ⑼‫ޠ‬㧘‫ߩޠ⺆⧷ޟ‬AP ⹜㛎ߦวᩰߒߚ↢ᓤߦᅑቇ㊄ࠍᡰ⛎ߒ㧘ࡆࠫࡘࠕ࡞ࠕ࡯࠻ࠍᡰេߔࠆ࠾ࡘ࡯࡛࡯ࠢᏒߩ⚵❱ߢ޽ࠆࡐࡠ࠶ࠢࠢ࡜ࠬ࠽࡯⽷࿅㧔PollockKrasnerFoundation㧕ߪ‫ⴚ⧓ޟ‬ผ‫ ߩޠ‬AP ⹜㛎ߢวᩰߒߚ↢ᓤߦႎᅑ㊄ࠍਈ߃ߡ޿ࠆ‫ޕ‬ ߐࠄߦ㧘࠹ࠠࠨࠬᎺߢߪ਄⸥ߩ AP ࠬ࠻࡜࠹ࠫ࡯␠ߦട߃ߡ㧘࠹ࠠࠨࠬᢎ⢒ዪ߽ 1993 ᐕએ
᧪㧘AP ⹜㛎ߢ 3 એ਄ߩᚑ❣ࠍ෼߼ߚ↢ᓤ৻ੱᒰߚࠅߦ 100 ࠼࡞ࠍቇᩞߦഥᚑߒߡ޿ࠆ‫ߩߘޕ‬ࡊࡠࠣ࡜ࡓߪᲤᐕ 2,700 ਁ࠼࡞ࠍ↪ᗧߒ㧘AP ⹜㛎ߩฃ㛎ᢱߩ⵬ഥ߽ⴕߞߡ޿ࠆ‫ߦࠄߐޕ‬㧘࠹ࠠࠨࠬᄢቇߢߪᢎຬߩߚ߼ߦ AP ࡢ࡯࡚ࠢࠪ࠶ࡊ߿࠮ࡒ࠽࡯ࠍ⸳ߌߚࠅ㧘ߘߩߚ߼ߩᚻᒰߡࠍ
⵬ഥߔࠆ⁛⥄ߩࠗࡦ࠮ࡦ࠹ࠖࡉࡊࡠࠣ࡜ࡓࠍⴕߞߡ޿ࠆ‫ߚ߹ޕ‬㧘ࡈࡠ࡝࠳Ꮊߪ㧘AP ⹜㛎ߩᚑ
❣߇ 3 એ਄ߢ޽ࠆ↢ᓤ৻ੱߦߟ߈ᢎຬߦኻߒߡ 50 ࠼࡞ࠍਈ߃ߡ޿ࠆ‫ޕ‬ᚑ❣߇ఝࠇߥ޿ቇᩞߢ
௛ߊᢎຬߦߟ޿ߡߪ㧘৻ੱߩ↢ᓤߢ߽ AP ⹜㛎ߢ 3 ࠍ෼߼ࠇ߫㧘Ფᐕ 500 ࠼࡞ߩࡏ࡯࠽ࠬ߇ਈ
߃ࠄࠇࠆߎߣߢ჻᳇ࠍ㜞߼ߡ޿ࠆ‫ޕ‬ ߐࠄߦ㧘ࠕ࡜ࡃࡑ㧘࡚ࠫ࡯ࠫࠕ㧘ࠤࡦ࠲࠶ࠠ࡯㧘ࡔࠗࡦ㧘ࡀࡃ࠳㧘࠙ࠖࠬࠦࡦࠪࡦߩ 6 Ꮊ߆ࠄ᭴ᚑߐࠇࠆ NationalGovernorsAssociation㧔એਅ㧘NGA ߣ⇛⸥㧕ߪ㧘ࡑࠗࡁ࡝࠹ࠖߩ↢ᓤࠍ฽߻ࠃࠅᄙߊߩ↢ᓤ߇ AP ࡊࡠࠣ࡜ࡓߦෳടߢ߈ࠆࠃ߁ߦߔࠆߎߣࠍ⋡⊛ߣߔࠆࡊࡠࠣ࡜
ࡓࠍታᣉߒߡ޿ࠆ‫ౕޕ‬૕⊛ߦߪ㧘AP ⑼⋡ࠍᜂᒰߔࠆᢎຬߩ࠻࡟࡯࠾ࡦࠣ߿↢ᓤߩ൘⺃㧘ਛቇᩞߩࠞ࡝ࠠࡘ࡜ࡓࠍᒝൻߔࠆߎߣߦὶὐࠍ޽ߡࠆ‫ ߚ߹ޕ‬AP ࡊࡠࠣ࡜ࡓࠍ᜛ᄢߐߖࠆߚ߼ߦ㧘଀߃߫ࠕ࡜ࡃࡑᎺߪ㧘ᢎຬߩ࠻࡟࡯࠾ࡦࠣࠍታᣉߒ㧘ឭଏߔࠆ AP ⑼⋡ࠍჇടߐߖࠆߚ߼ߦ 100― 32 ―

ਁ࠼࡞߽ᛩ⾗ߒߡ޿ࠆ‫৻ޕ‬ᣇ㧘࠙ࠖࠬࠦࡦࠪࡦᎺߢߪ㧘ᣂߚߦ AP ⑼⋡ࠍ⸳ߌߚቇᩞߦߪ↢ᓤ৻ੱߦߟ߈ 300 ࠼࡞ࠍഥᚑߔࠆߣ޿߁᡽╷߽ታᣉߒߡ޿ࠆߩߢ޽ࠆ‫ޕ‬㧡㧚߅ࠊࠅߦ
એ਄ᧄ┨ࠍߣ߅ߒߡ㧘AP ࡊࡠࠣ࡜ࡓ᜛ᄢߩታ⋧ࠍౕ૕⊛ߥᢙሼߦၮߠ޿ߡ⸒෸ߒߡ߈ߚ‫ޕ‬ᧄ┨ࠍ߹ߣ߼ࠆߣએਅߩߣ߅ࠅߦߥࠆ‫ޕ‬╙৻ߦ㧘AP ࡊࡠࠣ࡜ࡓߪߘߩ㐿ᆎ߆ࠄ⃻࿷ߦ⥋ࠆ߹ߢ⪺ߒ޿⊒ዷࠍㆀߍߡ߅ࠅ㧘ߘࠇߪࡊࡠࠣ࡜ࡓߦෳടߔࠆ↢ᓤᢙ㧘㜞ᩞᢙ㧘ᄢቇᢙߩ഍⊛ߥჇട߆ࠄ⷗ࠆߎߣ߇ߢ߈ࠆ‫⧯ޕ‬ᐓߩ଀ᄖࠍ㒰޿ߡ㧘AP ࡊࡠࠣ࡜ࡓో૕ߣߒߡ߽⑼⋡೎ߦߺߡ߽ AP ⹜㛎ฃ㛎⠪ߩᢙߪᕆჇߒߡ޿ࠆߎߣ
߇ࠊ߆ࠆ‫ޕ‬╙ੑߦ㧘AP ࡊࡠࠣ࡜ࡓߩ᜛ᄢߦߪ㧘↢ᓤ஥ߩ⍮⊛㑐ᔃߩ㜞߹ࠅߣ޿߁ⷐ࿃એᄖߦ㧘ᄢቇ౉ቇ⠪ㆬᛮߦ߅޿ߡ AP ጁୃᱧ߇᦭೑ߦ௛ߊߣ޿߁↢ᓤ஥ߩᗧ࿑߽޽ࠆߎߣ߇⏕⹺ߢ߈ߚ‫ߩߎޕ‬ὐߪุቯߐࠇࠆߴ߈ߎߣߢߪߥߊ㧘ዋߒߢ߽ AP ࡊࡠࠣ࡜ࡓࠍ᜛ᄢߐߖࠃ߁ߣࠝࡦ࡜ࠗࡦࠦ࡯
ࠬ߹ߢ⊓႐ߐߖࠆⷐ࿃ߦ߽ߥߞߡ޿ࠆ‫ޕ‬╙ਃߦ㧘ߎߩࠃ߁ߥ AP ࡊࡠࠣ࡜ࡓ⊒ዷߦߪ㧘ࠞ࡟࠶ࠫࡏ࡯࠼㧘ㅪ㇌᡽ᐭ߿᳃㑆࿅૕ߦࠃࠆ
ߐ߹ߑ߹ߥᡰេ╷ߦᡰ߃ࠄࠇߡ޿ࠆߎߣ߽᣿ࠄ߆ߦߥߞߚ‫ޕ‬㔺㛽ߥ‫ޠࡔࠕޟ‬᡽╷ߦᗵߓࠄࠇࠆ
߽ߩ߽฽߹ࠇࠆ߽ߩߩ㧘ߎࠇࠄߩᡰេ╷ߪ⌕ታߦ AP ࡊࡠࠣ࡜ࡓߩ᜛ᄢߦ⚿߮ߟ޿ߡ޿ࠆࠃ߁
ߢ޽ࠆ‫ ࠅ߹ߟޕ‬AP ࡊࡠࠣ࡜ࡓߪ↢ᓤ޽ࠆ޿ߪ␠ળ⊛࠾࡯࠭ߦᔕߓߥ߇ࠄ᜛ᄢߒߡ߈ߚߣ⸒߃
ࠆ‫ߒߛߚޕ‬㧘ࡑࠗࡁ࡝࠹ࠖߩෳട߇Ⴧടߒߚߣߪ⸒߃㧘ᓐࠄߦචಽߥᯏળ߇ਈ߃ࠄࠇߡ޿ࠆߣ
ߪ⸒޿㔍޿‫ߩߎޕ‬ὐߦߟ޿ߡߪ╙ 6 ┨ߢ⹦ㅀߔࠆߎߣߦߔࠆ‫ޕ‬‫ޣ‬ᵈ‫ޤ‬⴫ 2㧙1 ߦߪ␜ߐࠇߡ޿ߥ޿߇㧘⴫ߩᦨᓟߩᐕᐲߩ⠉‫ޟ‬2006㧙07‫ޠ‬ᐕᐲߩ‫↢ޟ‬ᓤᢙ‫ ߪޠ‬146
ਁ 4,254 ੱ㧘‫ޟ‬㜞ᩞᢙ‫ ߪޠ‬16,464 ᩞ㧘‫ޟ‬ᄢቇᢙ‫ ߪޠ‬3,743 ᩞߢ޽ࠅ㧘ߎߩᢙሼߪ㧘ࠕࡔ࡝ࠞߦ
߅޿ߡ 66㧑ߩ㜞ᩞ߇ AP ⹜㛎ߦෳടߒ㧘90㧑એ਄ߩ 4 ᐕ೙ᄢቇ߇ AP ⹜㛎ߩ⚿ᨐߦၮߠ޿ߡ
න૏⹺ቯ╬ࠍⴕߞߡ޿ࠆߎߣࠍᗧ๧ߒߡ޿ࠆ‫ޕ‬㧔College Board (2008). AP Program.
<http://professionals.collegeboard.com/k-12/assessment/ap>㧕
ਅ᧛৻ᒾ‫☨ޟ‬࿖ߦ߅ߌࠆࡎ࡯ࡓࠬࠢ࡯࡞㑐ㅪᴺ೙ߩ⃻⁁ߣ⺖㗴‫ޡޠ‬ᢎ⢒೙ᐲቇ⎇ⓥ‫ޢ‬13 ภ㧘2006 ᐕ㧘217222 㗁‫ޕ‬㐳Ꭸብ૞‫࡞࡯ࠢࠬࡓ࡯ࡎࠆߌ߅ߦࠞ࡝ࡔࠕޟ‬ㆇേߩᚑ㐳ߣᄌኈࡎ࡯ࡓࠬࠢ࡯࡞ᡰេ࿅૕ߩ
ℂᔨߣᵴേಽᨆࠍਛᔃߣߒߡ‫ޡޠ‬Ყセᢎ⢒ቇ⎇ⓥ‫ޢ‬29 ภ㧘᧲ାၴ㧘2003 ᐕ㧘114129 㗁‫ޕ‬ਅ᧛৻ᒾ‫☨ޟ‬࿖ߦ߅ߌࠆࡎ࡯ࡓࠬࠢ࡯࡞߳ߩ౏⊛ᡰេ೙ᐲ̆ࠕ࡜ࠬࠞᎺ FamilyPartnershipCharterSchool ࠍ੐଀ߦ‫ޡޠ‬ᢎ⢒೙ᐲቇ⎇ⓥ‫ޢ‬11 ภ㧘2004 ᐕ㧘172185 㗁‫ޕ‬― 33 ―

4
5
6

Education Week, April 26, 2006. More Home Schoolers Taking Advanced Placement
Tests.
Ibid.

Education Week, April 4, 2007. Students Opting for AP Courses Online.

Ibid.
College Board (2008). Preparing.
<http://www.collegeboard.com/student/testing/ap/prep.html>
9 College Board (2008). The History of the AP Program.
<http://apcentral.collegeboard.com/apc/public/courses/21502.html?type=print>
10 Education Week, December 8, 2004. College Board to Add Japanese to Language
Offerings.
11 College Board (2008). STATISTICS Course Description.
<http://apcentral.collegeboard.com/apc/public/repository/ap08_statistics_coursedesc.pdf>
12 Chronicle of Higher Education, July 12, 2002. Report of Grade Inflation May Be Inflated,
Study Finds.
13 College Board (2008). ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE Course Description.
<http://apcentral.collegeboard.com/apc/public/repository/ap07_envsci_coursedesc.pdf>
14 College Board (2007). Advanced Placement Report to the Nation 2007.
15 Education Week, December 8, 2004. College Board to Add Japanese to Language
Offerings.
16 College Board (2007). Advanced Placement Report to the Nation 2007.
17 Ibid.
18 College Board (2008). AP Grants.
<http://professionals.collegeboard.com/k-12/awards/ap-grants>
19 U.S. Department of Education (2008). Federal TRIO Programs 2008 Annual Low Income
Level.
<http://www.ed.gov/about/offices/list/ope/trio/incomelevels.html>
20 College Board (2008). 2009 COLLEGE BOARD AP START-UP GRANT.
<http://fs18.formsite.com/EquityAccess/form855633340/index.html>
21 College Board (2008). AP START-UP GRANTS.
<http://professionals.collegeboard.com/k-12/awards/ap-grants/start-up>
22 College Board (2008). 2009 COLLEGE BOARD AP START-UP GRANT.
<http://fs18.formsite.com/EquityAccess/form855633340/index.html>
23 Ibid.
24 College Board (2008). AP Fellows Program.
<http://professionals.collegeboard.com/k-12/awards/ap-grants/fellows>
25 College Board (2008). Inspiration Awards.
<http://professionals.collegeboard.com/k-12/awards/inspiration>
26 College Board (2008). Press Releases.
<http://www.collegeboard.com/press/releases/155799.html>
27 Ibid.
28 Ibid.
29 College Board (2008). Awards, Grants, & Financial Aid.
<http://professionals.collegeboard.com/k-12/awards>
78― 34 ―College Board (2008). AP Scholar Awards.
<http://professionals.collegeboard.com/k-12/awards/ap-scholar>
31
Ibid.
32 DoDEA school ߣߪ㧘ァ㓌ߩࡔࡦࡃ࡯߿࿖㒐⋭㧔Department of Defense㧕৻⥸⡯ຬߩሶᒉࠍኻ⽎ߣߔࠆቇᩞߢ޽ࠆ‫ࠞ࡝ࡔࠕޕ‬࿖ౝߢߪ 7 Ꮊ㧔ࠕ࡜ࡃࡑ㧘࡚ࠫ࡯ࠫࠕ㧘ࠤࡦ࠲࠶ࠠ࡯㧘࠾ࡘ࡯࡛࡯ࠢ㧘ࡁ࡯ࠬࠞࡠ࡜ࠗ࠽㧘ࠨ࠙ࠬࠞࡠ࡜ࠗ࠽㧘ࡃ࡯ࠫ࠾ࠕ㧕㧘ࠣࠕࡓߣࡊࠛ࡞࠻࡝
ࠦ㧘ߘߒߡ 12 ࡩ࿖㧔ࡃ࡯࡟࡯ࡦ㧘ࡌ࡞ࠡ࡯㧘ࠗࠡ࡝ࠬ㧘࠼ࠗ࠷㧘ࠗ࠲࡝ࠕ㧘ᣣᧄ㧘㖧࿖㧘ࠝ࡜ࡦ࠳㧘ࡐ࡞࠻ࠟ࡞㧘ࠬࡍࠗࡦ㧘࠻࡞ࠦ㧘ࠠࡘ࡯ࡃ㧕ߦ⸳⟎ߐࠇߡ޿ࠆ‫ޕ‬
㧔DEPARTMENT
OF DEFENSE EDUCATION ACTIVITY (2008). DoDEA Facts.
<http://www.dodea.edu/home/about.cfm?cId=facts>㧕
33 College Board (2008). Siemens Awards for AP.
<http://professionals.collegeboard.com/k-12/awards/siemens-ap>
34 The Chronicle of Higher Education, February 17, 2006. Advanced Placement Test Scores
Drop Slightly, Report Says.
35 U.S. Department of Education (2008). NO CHILD LEFT BEHIND.
<http://www.ed.gov/about/inits/ed/competitiveness/expanding-apip.pdf>
36 Education Week, February 8, 2006. Bush Proposes Math and Science Initiatives.
37 Education Week, February 15, 2006. More Students Taking AP Courses-and Tests.
38 Education Week, July 9, 2003. Program Doles Out Cash to Students Who Pass AP
Exams.
39 Education Week, May 9, 2007. Rigorous Courses, Fresh Enrollment.
30― 35 ―

╙㧟┨ AP ⑼⋡ߩ᝼ᬺዊᎹ ૫ਁ
㧔᧲ർᄢቇ㧕
㧝㧚ߪߓ߼ߦ ╙ 2 ┨ߢ⸒෸ߒߚߣ߅ࠅ㧘AP ࡊࡠࠣ࡜ࡓߩෳട⠪ᢙ㧔AP ⹜㛎ฃ㛎⠪ᢙ㧕ߪ㐿ᆎ߆ࠄ⃻࿷ߦ⥋ࠆ⚂ 50 ᐕ㑆߶߷㗅⺞ߦჇടߒߡ߈ߚ‫ ߦ․ޕ‬2000 ᐕએ㒠ߩჇടߪ⪺ߒߊ㧘ߎࠇߦߪ↢ᓤ஥ߩ࠾࡯࠭ߩ㜞߹ࠅߦട߃ߡ㧘ࠞ࡟࠶ࠫࡏ࡯࠼߿ㅪ㇌᡽ᐭ㧘ߐࠄߦߪ᳃㑆⽷࿅߽ߘࠇߙࠇࠗࡦ࠮ࡦ
࠹ࠖࡉࡊࡠࠣ࡜ࡓࠍታᣉߒߡ߈ߚߎߣ߇ߘߩⷐ࿃ߣߒߡ᜼ߍࠄࠇࠆߎߣߦ߽⸒෸ߒߚ‫ߡߒߘޕ‬㧘ߎ߁ߒߚᄖㇱ߆ࠄߩ೙ᐲ⊛ߥࠨࡐ࡯࠻ߦᡰ߃ࠄࠇߡ੹ᓟ߽ AP ࡊࡠࠣ࡜ࡓ߇᜛ᄢߒߡ޿ߊน⢻ᕈߪචಽ⠨߃ࠄࠇࠆ߇㧘ߘߩࠨࡐ࡯࠻ࠍലᨐ⊛ߦ↢߆ߔߚ߼ߦߪ㧘ࡊࡠࠣ࡜ࡓߩਛりߦ޽ߚࠆᣣᏱߩ᝼ᬺታ〣ߩలታ߇ਇนᰳߢ޽ࠆߎߣߪ⸒߁߹ߢ߽ߥ޿‫ޕ‬ߣߎࠈߢ㧘AP ࡊࡠࠣ࡜ࡓ߇ലᨐ⊛ߦⴕࠊࠇߡ޿ࠆ߆ߤ߁߆ߪ㧘৻⥸ߦో☨⛔৻⹜㛎ߢ޽ࠆAP ⹜㛎⚿ᨐߦၮߠ޿ߡ⹏ଔߐࠇࠆ߇㧘ߘ߽ߘ߽ᣣ‫ޘ‬ታ〣ߐࠇࠆ AP ⑼⋡ߦߟ޿ߡߪ૗߆ࠟࠗ࠼
࡜ࠗࡦߩࠃ߁ߥ߽ߩߪߥ޿ߩߢ޽ࠈ߁߆‫߽ߣࠇߘޕ‬ᢎຬߩⵙ㊂ߦቢోߦછߐࠇߡ޿ࠆߩߢ޽ࠈ
߁߆‫ߚ߹ޕ‬㧘AP ⑼⋡ࠍታ〣ߔࠆᢎຬߦߪ૗߆․೎ߥ⾗ᩰ߇ᔅⷐߥߩߢ޽ࠈ߁߆‫ޕ‬ᧄ┨ߢߪ㧘ߎ߁ߒߚ⇼໧ߦ╵߃ࠆߚ߼㧘AP ⑼⋡ߩ᝼ᬺߦߟ޿ߡߢ߈ࠆߛߌౕ૕⊛ߦ᣿ࠄ߆ߦߔࠆߎߣߦߒߚ޿‫ߕ߹ޕ‬㜞ᩞߩ᝼ᬺ৻⥸ߦߟ޿ߡ⺑᣿ߒ㧘ᰴߦ㜞ᩞᢎ⢒⺖⒟ߩߥ߆ߩ AP ⑼⋡ߦߟ޿ߡౕ૕⊛ߦ⺑᣿ࠍട߃㧘ᦨᓟߦ AP ⑼⋡ࠍታ〣ߔࠆᢎຬߩ⾗ᩰ╬ߦߟ޿ߡ⺰ࠍㅴ߼ߡ޿ߊߎߣߦߔࠆ‫ߪߢ┨ᧄߦ․ޕ‬㧘AP ⑼⋡߇᝼ᬺߩߥ߆ߢߤ߁૏⟎ઃ޿ߡ޿ࠆߩ߆ߦߟ޿ߡౕ
૕⊛ߦ␜ߔᔅⷐ߽޽ࠆߚ߼㧘ࡠࠨࡦ࠯࡞ࠬ⛔วቇ඙ߩ⸰໧ᩞߢߩ⡞߈ขࠅ⺞ᩏߣߘߎߢ෼㓸ߒߚ⾗ᢱߦၮߠ޿ߡ᣿ࠄ߆ߦߒߡ޿ߊߎߣߦߔࠆ‫ޕ‬㧞㧚㜞ᩞߩ᝼ᬺ
㧔㧝㧕ࡠࠨࡦ࠯࡞ࠬ $ 㜞ᩞߩ৻ᣣ ߪߓ߼ߦ㧘㜞ᩞ↢ߪቇᩞߢߤߩࠃ߁ߥ 1 ᣣࠍߔߏߒߡ޿ࠆߩ߆ߦߟ޿ߡ㧘ࡠࠨࡦ࠯࡞ࠬ⛔ว
ቇ඙ߩ B 㜞ᩞࠍ੐଀ߣߒߡએਅߢౕ૕⊛ߦㅀߴߡ޿ߊߎߣߦߔࠆ‫ޕ‬એਅߩ⴫ 3㧙1 ߪߘߩ B 㜞ᩞߩ࠲ࠗࡓࠬࠤࠫࡘ࡯࡞ߢ޽ࠆ‫ޕ‬

― 37 ―

⴫㧟㧙㧝 $ 㜞ᩞߩ࠲ࠗࡓࠬࠤࠫࡘ࡯࡞

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಴ᚲ㧕B High School (2004). 2004-2005 Student Handbook. 24 ᤨ㑆ᮡ⸥ߦୃᱜ ⴫ 3㧙1 ߇␜ߒߡ޿ࠆߣ߅ࠅ㧘B 㜞ᩞߩ 1 ᣣߪ 7 ᤨ 50 ಽ߆ࠄᆎ߹ߞߡ޿ࠆߣ޿߁ὐߢ㧘ᣣᧄߩᄙߊߩ㜞ᩞࠃࠅ߽⧯ᐓᣧ޿‫ޕ‬1 ᤨ㒢߇ 8 ᤨ㐿ᆎߢ޽ࠆ߇㧘ቇ඙ౝߩ C 㜞ᩞߪ 7 ᤨ 30 ಽ߆ࠄᆎ߹ࠅ㧘ઁᎺߢߪ 7 ᤨৼᐲߦ 1 ᤨ㒢߇ᆎ߹ࠆ㜞ᩞ߽ሽ࿷ߒߡ޿ߚ‫ᤨੌ⚳ߚ߹ޕ‬㑆ߪ㧘B 㜞ᩞߩ႐ว 15 ᤨ 8 ಽߢ޽ࠅ㧘․ߦᣧ޿ࠊߌߢߪߥ޿‫ޕ‬ቇ඙ౝߦߪ 16 ᤨบߦ⚳ੌߔࠆ㜞ᩞ߽ሽ࿷ߒߡ
޿ߚ߇㧘ઁߪ 15 ᤨบߢ޽ࠅ㧘ઁᎺߢߪ 14 ᤨߏࠈ⚳ੌߒߡ޿ࠆ㜞ᩞ߽ሽ࿷ߒߡ޿ߚ‫ޕ‬B 㜞ᩞߪ 1 ᣣ 6 ᤨ㒢ߢ޽ߞߚ߇㧘ቇ඙ౝߦߪ 1 ᣣ 7 ᤨ㒢ߩ㜞ᩞ߽ሽ࿷ߔࠆ‫ޕ‬ᣣᧄߩቇᩞߦᘠ
ࠇߚੱ㑆߆ࠄߺࠆߣᄸ⇣ߦᤋࠆߩߪ㧘B 㜞ᩞߩ 1 ᤨ㒢ߩ᝼ᬺ߇ 56 ಽߦ⸳ቯߐࠇߡ޿ࠆߎߣߢ
޽ࠆ‫ߚ߹ޕ‬㧘ቇᩞߦࠃߞߡߪ 1 ᤨ㒢ߣ 2 ᤨ㒢ߩ᝼ᬺᤨ㑆߇ᢙಽ⇣ߥߞߡ޿ࠆߣߎࠈ߽޽ߞߚ‫ޕ‬߽ߜࠈࠎ 1 ᤨ㒢 60 ಽߣ⸳ቯߐࠇߡ޿ࠆ㜞ᩞ߽ሽ࿷ߒߚ߇㧘ߘߩ႐วߢ߽଀߃߫ 8 ᤨ 36 ಽ߆ࠄ
2 ᤨ㒢㐿ᆎߣ޿߁ࠃ߁ߦ㧘࠲ࠗࡓࠬࠤࠫࡘ࡯࡞ߪಽන૏ߦߥߞߡ޿ࠆ‫ޕ‬ભᙑᤨ㑆߽ 10 ಽ㑆ߢߪߥߊ㧘6 ಽ㑆߿ 7 ಽ㑆ߣߥߞߡ޿ࠆ‫ޕ‬ߎߩࠃ߁ߦቇ඙ౝߩ㜞ᩞߢ޽ߞߡ߽ᤨ㒢ᢙ߿ 1 ᤨ㒢ߩᤨ㑆ᢙ╬߇⇣ߥߞߡ޿ࠆߩߪ㧘ߎߩ㗔ၞߪၮᧄ⊛ߦቇᩞߩⵙ㊂੐㗄ߛ߆ࠄߢ޽ࠆ‫ߩߎޕ‬ቇ඙ߢߪᐕ㑆ߩ᝼ᬺᤨ㑆ᢙ╬ߩᄢᨒߪቯ߼ࠄ
ࠇߡ޿ࠆ߇㧘ߘߩᤨ㑆ᢙࠍḩߚߔߩߢ޽ࠇ߫㧘1 ᤨ㒢ߩᤨ㑆ࠍ 56 ಽߦߒࠃ߁߇㧘60 ಽߦߒࠃ߁߇㧘޽ࠆ޿ߪߘࠇએ਄ߦ⸳ቯߒࠃ߁߇ቇᩞ஥ߩ⥄↱ߣ޿߁ߎߣߦߥࠆ‫ޕ‬ ߹ߚ㧘ᣣᧄߩቇᩞߢߪ㧘9 ᤨ 45 ಽߩࠃ߁ߦ 5 ಽන૏ߢㆇ༡ߐࠇࠆߎߣ߇ᄙ޿߇㧘ࠕࡔ࡝ࠞߩ
႐วߪ㧘1 ಽන૏ߢㆇ༡ߐࠇߡ޿ࠆߎߣ߇ࠊ߆ࠆ‫ᤨޕ‬㑆ࠍ 1 ಽߏߣߦ⚦߆ߊ⸳ቯߔࠆߩߪ㧘ቇᩞߩᤨ㑆▤ℂࠍ෩ᩰߦߔࠆߚ߼ߢ޽ࠆ‫ࠅ߹ߟޕ‬㧘10 ᤨ߆ࠄ᝼ᬺ߇ᆎ߹ࠆߣ޿߁ࠃࠅ߽㧘10 ᤨ
2 ಽ߆ࠄ᝼ᬺ߇ᆎ߹ࠆ߶߁߇㧘↢ᓤ߇ 1 ಽ㑆ࠍή㚝ߦߔࠆߎߣ߇ߥߊߥࠆߣ޿߁ℂ↱ߦࠃࠆߩߢ޽ࠆ‫ߡߒߘޕ‬ᢎຬߪ㧘᝼ᬺᤨ㑆ࠍ⍴ߊߔࠆߎߣ߽㐳ߊߔࠆߎߣ߽ߥߊ㧘଀߃߫ 8 ᤨ 56 ಽߦ― 38 ―

᝼ᬺࠍ⚳ੌߔࠆߎߣ߇᳞߼ࠄࠇࠆߩߢ޽ࠆ‫߽ࠇߎޕ‬ฦᢎຬߦᤨ㑆ࠍ෩቞ߐߖࠆߚ߼ߢ޽ࠆߣ⸒߁‫ޕ‬ ߐࠄߦ㧘2 ᤨ㒢⚳ੌᓟߦ‫ޟ‬ᩕ㙃⵬⛎‫ᤨߩޠ‬㑆߇⸳ߌࠄࠇߡ޿ࠆߎߣ߽ᣣᧄߣߪᄢ߈ߊ⇣ߥࠆὐߢ޽ࠆ‫ᦺߪࠇߎޕ‬㘩ࠍᛮߊ↢ᓤ߽ᄙߊ㧘B 㜞ᩞߩ႐ว 13 ᤨ 39 ಽ߹ߢ‫ޟ‬ᤤ㘩‫ᤨߩޠ‬㑆߇ߥ޿ߚ߼㧘ඦ೨ߩ᝼ᬺߩㅜਛߢ㧘ભᙑࠍ౗ߨߚシ޿㘩੐ߩᤨ㑆ࠍ⸳ߌߥ޿ߣⓨ⣻ߢ᝼ᬺߦ㓸ਛߢ߈ߥߊߥࠆߚ߼ߢ޽ࠆ‫ޕ‬1 ᤨ㒢ߣ 2 ᤨ㒢ߩભᙑߪࠊߕ߆ 3 ಽ㑆ߒ߆ߥ޿߇㧘ߎߩ‫ޟ‬ᩕ㙃⵬⛎‫ߩޠ‬ᤨ㑆ߪ 20 ಽ㑆⸳ߌࠄࠇߡ޿ࠆ‫ޟߚߒ߁ߎޕ‬ᩕ㙃⵬⛎‫ᤨߩޠ‬㑆ߩ⸳ቯ߿㧘૗ᤨ㒢ᓟߦᤤ㘩ߩᤨ㑆ߣߔࠆߩ߆ߦߟ޿ߡ߽ቇᩞߩⵙ㊂▸࿐ౝߢ޽ࠆ‫ࠅ߹ߟޕ‬㧘ห৻ቇ඙ౝߩ㜞ᩞߢ޽ߞߡ߽߹ߜ
߹ߜߣ޿߁ߎߣߦߥࠆ‫ޕ‬ ߘߒߡ㧘
‫ޟ‬㤩⺒ߩᤨ㑆‫⸳߇ޠ‬ቯߐࠇߡ޿ࠆߎߣ߽ B 㜞ᩞߩ․ᓽߩ৻ߟߢ޽ࠆ‫ޕ‬B 㜞ᩞߢߪᧄߦⷫߒ߹ߖࠆᤨ㑆ࠍ․೎ߦ⸳ቯߔࠆߎߣߦࠃߞߡ㧘⧷⺆㧔࿖⺆㧕ߩቇജࠍะ਄ߐߖࠃ߁ߣߒߡ
޿ࠆࠃ߁ߢ޽ࠆ‫ᤨߩߎޕ‬㑆ߪ㧘↢ᓤߪߺߥ㕒߆ߦ⌕Ꮸߒߡᧄࠍ㤩⺒ߒߡ޿ߥߌࠇ߫ߥࠄߥ޿ߩ
ߢ޽ࠆ‫ޕ‬ ᤤ㘩ᓟߪ㧘6 ᤨ㒢ߩ᝼ᬺࠍⴕ޿㧘15 ᤨ 8 ಽߦਅᩞߣߥࠆ‫ޕ‬ᣣᧄߩࠃ߁ߦߘߩᓟࠢ࡜ࡉᵴേࠍ
1,2 ᤨ㑆ⴕ߁ߣ޿߁ߎߣߪߥߊ㧘ၮᧄ⊛ߦోຬਅᩞߔࠆߎߣ߽ࠕࡔ࡝ࠞߩ৻⥸⊛ߥ․ᓽߣߒߡ
᜼ߍࠄࠇࠆ‫ޕ‬ᣣᧄߩࠢ࡜ࡉᵴേߪ㧘ࠕࡔ࡝ࠞߩᢥ⣂ߢ⸒߃߫㧘ቇᩞ㗔ၞᄖߩᵴേߢ޽ࠆߣℂ⸃ߐࠇߡ޿ࠆߩߢ޽ࠆ‫ޕ‬ ߥ߅㧘ߎߩ⴫ߪㅢᏱᦼߩ࠲ࠗࡓࠬࠤࠫࡘ࡯࡞ߢ޽ࠅ㧘ቇᩞⴕ੐߇޽ࠆᣣ╬ߢߪ⍴❗ߩ࠲ࠗࡓࠬࠤࠫࡘ࡯࡞ߢㆇ༡ߐࠇࠆ‫ޕ‬㧔㧞㧕ᤨ㑆ഀ ࠕࡔ࡝ࠞߩ㜞ᩞߢߪ 1 ᐕ 2 ⚵ߣ޿߁ࠃ߁ߥࠢ࡜ࠬ߇ሽ࿷ߒߥ޿ߚ߼㧘ᣣᧄߩฦᢎቶߦ⾍ࠄࠇߡ޿ࠆࠃ߁ߥᤨ㑆ഀ⴫ߪሽ࿷ߒߥ޿‫ ╙ߪࠇߎޕ‬1 ┨ߢ⺑᣿ߒߚࠃ߁ߦ㧘↢ᓤߪ⥄ಽ߇ㆬᛯߒߚ
⑼⋡ࠍጁୃߒߦᢎຬߩᢎቶߦ಴ะߊߣ޿߁ᣇᑼࠍߣߞߡ޿ࠆ߆ࠄߢ޽ࠆ‫ޕ‬ቇᩞో૕ߩ᝼ᬺ▤ℂ㧘଀߃߫ 2 ᤨ㒢ߦ⺕߇ߤࠎߥ᝼ᬺࠍⴕߞߡ޿ࠆߩ߆ߦߟ޿ߡߩᛠី╬ߪᩞ㐳߿೽ᩞ㐳ߦࠃߞߡⴕ
ࠊࠇߡ޿ࠆ‫޿⸒ޕ‬឵߃ࠇ߫㧘ᩞ㐳ߪ࠮ࡔࠬ࠲࡯ߏߣߩᢎຬߩࠬࠤࠫࡘ࡯࡞ࠍ߹ߣ߼ߚᦠ㘃ࠍ଻ᜬߒߡ޿ࠆߎߣߦߥࠆ‫ޕ‬ ߎߩᢎຬߩࠬࠤࠫࡘ࡯࡞⴫ߪ㕖Ᏹߦන⚐ߢ޽ࠆ‫ޕ‬ᢎຬߩฬ೨ߩᮮߦ 1 ᤨ㒢߆ࠄ 6 ᤨ㒢߹ߢߩᤨ㑆ߦߤߩ⑼⋡ߩ᝼ᬺࠍߒߡ޿ࠆߩ߆߇৻ⷩ⴫ߦߥߞߡ޿ࠆߛߌߢ޽ࠆ‫ ╙ޕ‬1 ┨ߢࡠࠨࡦ࠯࡞
ࠬߩ㜞ᩞߪ࠮ࡔࠬ࠲࡯೙ࠍណ↪ߒ㧘19 ㅳߢ᭴ᚑߐࠇࠆߣㅀߴߚ߇㧘ߎߩ 19 ㅳ㧔ቇᩞⴕ੐╬߇޽ࠆߚ߼ታ㓙ߦߪߘࠇࠃࠅዋߥ޿ᢙߦߥࠆ㧕ਛࠍㅢߒߡ㧘଀߃߫ A వ↢ߩ 1 ᤨ㒢ߩ᝼ᬺߪᲤᣣ
หߓ⑼⋡ߢ޽ࠆߣ޿߁ߎߣߢ޽ࠆ‫߫߃⸒ߊߔ߿ࠅ߆ࠊޕ‬㧘᦬ᦐᣣ߆ࠄ㊄ᦐᣣ߹ߢ A వ↢ߩ‫⧷ޟ‬ᢥቇ‫ߩޠ‬᝼ᬺߪ㧘Ᏹߦ A వ↢ߩᢎቶߢ 1 ᤨ㒢⋡ߦⴕࠊࠇߡ޿ࠆߣ޿߁ߎߣߢ޽ࠆ‫ޕ‬ᣣᧄߩ႐ว㧘଀߃߫‫⧷ޟ‬ળ⹤‫ߩޠ‬᝼ᬺ߇ㅳ 6 ᤨ㑆޽ߞߚߣߒߡ߽㧘ᦐᣣߏߣߦᤨ㒢ࠍᄌ߃ߡࠕࠢ࠮ࡦ࠻ࠍߟ
ߌߡ޿ࠆ߇㧘ࠕࡔ࡝ࠞߩ㜞ᩞߪ࿕ቯߒߡ޿ࠆߣ޿߁ὐߢᄢ߈ߊ⇣ߥߞߡ޿ࠆ‫↢ޕ‬ᓤ஥ߦߣߞߡ

― 39 ―

ߺࠇ߫㧘੹ቇᦼߩ 5 ᤨ㒢ߪߕߞߣ‫ޟ‬਎⇇ผ‫ߢߣߎ߁޿ߣޠ‬࿕ቯߐࠇࠆߎߣߦߥࠆ‫ޕ‬ ߹ߚ㧘ࡠࠨࡦ࠯࡞ࠬ⛔วቇ඙ߢߪ㧘ᢎຬߪㅳߦ 25 ᤨ㑆ߩ᝼ᬺታ〣߇᳞߼ࠄࠇߡ޿ࠆߚ߼㧘න⚐ൻߒߡ⸒߃߫㧘1 ᣣ 6 ᤨ㒢ߩ߁ߜ㧘5 ᤨ㒢᝼ᬺࠍⴕ޿㧘ᱷࠅߩ 1 ᤨ㒢ߪ᝼ᬺߩḰ஻߿੐ോ૞ᬺߩᤨ㑆ߦలߡࠆߎߣߦߥࠆ‫ޕ‬ ᝼ᬺߪㆬᛯ೙ߢ޽ࠆߚ߼㧘ฃ⻠⠪ᢙߪ᝼ᬺߏߣߦ⇣ߥߞߡ޿ࠆ‫ޕ‬D ᩞߢߩ⾗ᢱ߆ࠄ㧘20 ੱบߩ᝼ᬺ߇ᄙ޿ߎߣ߇᣿ࠄ߆ߦߥߞߚ߇㧘10 ੱบ߆ࠄ 40 ੱบ߹ߢ߆ߥࠅ᏷߇޽ࠆ‫ޕ‬ฦ᝼ᬺߪ 25ੱએਅࠍᮡḰߣߒߡ޿ࠆߣ޿߁ᩞ㐳ߩ⹤ߣߪ⇣ߥࠅ㧘ታ㓙ߩ᝼ᬺߩฃ⻠⠪ߪߘࠇࠃࠅ߽ᄙߊߥ
ߞߡ޿ࠆߩ߇ታᖱߩࠃ߁ߢ޽ࠆ‫ޕ‬ߥ߅㧘᝼ᬺߢߪᢎ⑼ᦠ߇૶↪ߐࠇࠆ߇㧘ߘߩᢎ⑼ᦠߪήఘߢቇᩞ߆ࠄ⾉ߒ಴ߐࠇࠆ‫↢ޕ‬ᓤߪᜰቯߐࠇߚᢎ⑼ᦠࠍᢎ⑼ᦠ߇଻▤ߐࠇߚㇱደߦ಴ะ޿ߡᚻ⛯߈ࠍⴕ޿㧘ᒰ⹥࠮ࡔࠬ࠲࡯߇⚳ੌߔࠆ߹ߢ୫↪ߔࠆߎߣߦߥࠆ‫ࠍࠇߘޕ‬⎕៊ߒߚ႐ว߿ᄬߊߒߚ႐วߪ⋧ᒰઍ㊄ࠍᡰᛄ߁ߎߣߦ
ߥߞߡ޿ࠆ‫ޕ‬㧟㧚㜞ᩞߦ߅ߌࠆ #2 ⑼⋡㧔㧝㧕#2 ⑼⋡ࠕࡔ࡝ࠞߩ㜞ᩞߪ㧘೨▵ߢ␜ߒߚࠃ߁ߥ࠲ࠗࡓࠬࠤࠫࡘ࡯࡞ߢᲤᣣㆇ༡ߐࠇࠆ߇㧘AP ⑼⋡ߪ㧘ၮᧄ⊛ߦㅢᏱߩ᝼ᬺᤨ㑆ౝߦ㐿⻠ߐࠇߡ޿ࠆߎߣߪᵈᗧߔߴ߈ߎߣߢ޽ࠆ‫ࠅ߹ߟޕ‬㧘࿯ᦐᣣ߿ᣣᦐᣣߣ޿ߞߚભᣣ߿㧘․೎ߦ 7 ᤨ㒢⋡߿ 8 ᤨ㒢⋡ࠍ⸳ቯߒߡ AP ⑼⋡ࠍታᣉߒߡ޿ࠆࠊ
ߌߢߪߥ޿ߩߢ޽ࠆ‫ߡߞ߇ߚߒޕ‬㧘1 ᤨ㒢ࠍ 56 ಽߦ⸳ቯߒߡ޿ࠆቇᩞߢߪ㧘AP ⑼⋡߽Ფ࿁ 56
ಽߢⴕࠊࠇߡ޿ࠆ‫ ߡߒߘޕ‬1 ⑼⋡ㅳ 5 ᤨ㒢ಽⴕࠊࠇߡ޿ࠆߎߣ߽৻⥸ߩ⑼⋡ߣห᭽ߢ޽ࠆ‫ޕ‬ ߚߛߒ㧘ߎࠇࠄߩ AP ⑼⋡ߪ⺕߽߇ጁୃߢ߈ࠆࠊߌߢߪߥ޿‫ߞࠃߦ⺣⋧ߩߣ࡯࡜࠮ࡦ࠙ࠞޕ‬ߡ⸵นߐࠇߚ↢ᓤߩߺ߇ฃ⻠ࠍ⸵นߐࠇࠆߎߣ߽ᵈᗧ߇ᔅⷐߢ޽ࠆ‫ޕ‬ጁୃࠍ⸵นߐࠇࠆ߆ߤ߁
߆ߦߟ޿ߡߪ㧘ฦ㜞ᩞߢ৻ᔕࠟࠗ࠼࡜ࠗࡦࠍ⸳ቯߒߡ޿ࠆ߇㧘ᦨ⚳⊛ߥ್ᢿߪ‫ޟ‬ᜂછ‫ߡߒߣޠ‬ߩࠞ࠙ࡦ࠮࡜࡯ߦછߐࠇߡ޿ࠆ‫ߪߦ⊛⥸৻ޕ‬ఝ⑲ߥ↢ᓤߩߺߩጁୃߢ޽ࠆ߇㧘ߤߩ⒟ᐲఝ⑲ߥߩ߆ߦߟ޿ߡߪ୘‫್ߡߞࠃߦࠬ࡯ࠤߩޘ‬ᢿ߇ಽ߆ࠇࠆ႐ว߽޽ࠆ‫ޕ‬ ߹ߚ㧘⃻࿷ AP ⑼⋡ߪోㇱߢ 37 ⑼⋡ߢ޽ࠆ߇㧘ฦ㜞ᩞ߇ 37 ⑼⋡߽ឭଏߒߡ޿ࠆࠊߌߢߪߥ
޿ߎߣ߽⇐ᗧߔࠆᔅⷐ߇޽ࠆ‫ޕ‬ᒰὼߩߎߣߥ߇ࠄ㧘AP ⑼⋡ࠍᜂ߃ࠆᢎຬ߇ሽ࿷ߔࠆ߆ߤ߁߆
߇ AP ⑼⋡㐿⸳ߩᦨᄢߩࡐࠗࡦ࠻ߣߥࠆ‫ ߫߃଀ޕ‬A 㜞ᩞߢ㐿⻠ߐࠇߡ޿ࠆ AP ⑼⋡ߦߪએਅߩ
⴫ 3㧙2 ࠃ߁ߥ߽ߩ߇޽ࠆ‫ޕ‬ ߎߩ⴫ 3㧙2 ߪ 2006㧙07 ᐕᐲߩ߽ߩߢ޽ࠆ߇㧘A 㜞ᩞߢߪ 37 ⑼⋡ਛ 18 ⑼⋡ឭଏߒߡ޿ࠆ
ߎߣ߇ࠊ߆ࠆ‫ޕ‬2008 ᐕߦో☨ߩ AP ⑼⋡ࠍឭଏߒߡ޿ࠆ㜞ᩞߩ 1 ᩞ޽ߚࠅߩᐔဋ㐿⻠ᢙ߇ 9⑼⋡ߢ޽ࠆߎߣࠍ⠨߃ࠆߣ㧘ߎߩᢙሼߪ߆ߥࠅᄙ޿߽ߩߣߥࠆ‫ޕ‬ߚߛߒ㧘ᢎຬ஥ࠬࠤࠫࡘ࡯࡞⴫߆ࠄ᣿ࠄ߆ߦߥࠆ߇㧘ߎ߁ߒߚ⑼⋡ߪⶄᢙ࿁ឭଏߐࠇߡ޿ࠆ
ߎߣ߇ᄙ޿‫ޟߩ⴫߫߃଀ޕ‬AP ࠬࡍࠗࡦ⺆‫ߪޠ‬ฃ⻠Ꮧᦸ⠪߇ᄙߊ㧘ห৻ᢎຬ߇ⶄᢙ࿁หߓ⑼⋡ࠍᢎ߃ߡ޿ࠆߒ㧘ઁߩᢎຬ߽หߓ‫ޟ‬AP ࠬࡍࠗࡦ⺆‫ࠍޠ‬ᜂᒰߒߡ޿ࠆߩߢ޽ࠆ‫ޕ‬― 40 ―

⴫㧟㧙㧞 # 㜞ᩞߢߩ #2 ᝼ᬺ⑼⋡⧷⺆AP ⧷⺆࡮૞ᢥᄖ࿖⺆AP ࡈ࡜ࡦࠬᢥቇ AP ࡈ࡜ࡦࠬ⺆ AP ࠼ࠗ࠷⺆ AP ࠗ࠲࡝ࠕ⺆࡮ᢥൻ AP ࠬࡍࠗࡦᢥቇ AP ࠬࡍࠗࡦ⺆ᢙቇAP ⛔⸘ቇ 

AP ᓸⓍಽ ABBC

ℂ⑼

AP ↢‛ቇ AP ൻቇ 

AP ‛ℂቇ AB 

AP ‛ℂቇ BC␠ળAP ᡽ᴦኅ᡽ቇ AP ࡛࡯ࡠ࠶ࡄผ

ᤋ௝⥰บ⧓ⴚ

AP ⧓ⴚผ AP ࠬ࠲ࠫࠝࠕ࡯࠻ AP 㖸ᭉℂ⺰಴ᚲ㧕A 㜞ᩞߢ෼㓸ߒߚ⾗ᢱࠃࠅ‫ޕ‬ ߹ߚ㧘AP ⑼⋡߇㐿⻠ߐࠇࠆ᝼ᬺᤨ㑆ߪ 1 ᣣߩ߁ߜ 1 ᤨ㒢ߩ߽ߩ߽޽ࠇ߫ 6 ᤨ㒢ߩ߽ߩ߽޽
ࠅ㧘ߘࠇ߇หߓᤨ㒢ߦ㓸ਛߒߡ޿ࠆߣ޿߁ߎߣߪߥ޿‫޿⸒ޕ‬឵߃ࠇ߫㧘AP ⑼⋡ฃ⻠Ꮧᦸ⠪߇ߢ߈ࠆߛߌጁୃߢ߈ࠆࠃ߁ߦ᝼ᬺᤨ㑆ࠍಽᢔߐߖߡ޿ࠆߣ⠨߃ࠄࠇࠆ‫ޕ‬ታ㓙ߦ↢ᓤ߇ฦ AP ⑼⋡ࠍ૗ੱฃ⻠ߒߡ޿ࠆ߆ߦߟ޿ߡߪ㧘D 㜞ᩞߩࠤ࡯ࠬ߆ࠄ᣿ࠄ߆ߦߥ
ࠆ߇㧘ᄙߊ߇ 20 ੱ߆ࠄ 40 ੱߢ޽ࠅ㧘৻⥸ߩ⑼⋡ߣᄢᏅ߇ߥ޿‫ࠄ߆ߎߎޕ‬㧘ห৻ฬ⒓ߩ AP ⑼⋡ࠍ૗࿁ឭଏߔࠆ߆ߦߟ޿ߡߪ㧘AP ⑼⋡ߩ㧔ࠞ࠙ࡦ࠮࡜࡯ߩ⸵นࠍᓧߚ㧕ጁୃᏗᦸ⠪߇ߤߩߊࠄ޿޿ࠆߩ߆ߦࠃߞߡ⺞▵ߒߡ޿ࠆߣ⠨߃ࠄࠇࠆ‫ޕ‬ ߎࠇࠄߩὐ߆ࠄ㧘AP ⑼⋡ߪ৻⥸ߩ᝼ᬺ⑼⋡ߩߥ߆ߦቢోߦ⚵ߺㄟ߹ࠇߡ޿ࠆߎߣ߇ࠊ߆ࠆ‫ޕ‬ߘࠇߪ↢ᓤߦߣߞߡ․೎ߦ⸳ቯߐࠇߚ߽ߩߣ޿߁ࠃࠅߪ㧘ߐ߹ߑ߹ߥㆬᛯ⑼⋡ߩߥ߆ߩ৻ߟߢ
޽ࠆߎߣࠍᗧ๧ߔࠆߩߢ޽ࠆ‫ޕ‬
㧔㧞㧕#2 ⑼⋡ߩ㐿⸳ክᩏߢߪ㧘AP ⑼⋡ߩ㐿⸳ࠍᏗᦸߔࠆ㜞ᩞߪ⥄↱ߦ⑼⋡ࠍ㐿⸳ߢ߈ࠆ߆ߣ޿߁ߣߘ߁ߢߪߥ޿‫ޕ‬― 41 ―

߹ߕߪ㧘੐೨ߩ੐ോᚻ⛯߈߇ᔅⷐߣߥࠆ‫ޕ‬ၮᧄ⊛ߦߪ AP ⑼⋡㐿⸳ߦ޽ߚߞߡߩࠞ࡟࠶ࠫࡏ࡯
࠼ߣߩ㑆ߩ੐ോᚻ⛯߈ߢ޽ࠆ߇㧘ᩞౝߢߪ AP ࡊࡠࠣ࡜ࡓߩᚑഞߩ㎛ࠍីࠆ AP ࠦ࡯࠺ࠖࡀ࡯
࠲࡯ߩㆬቯ૞ᬺ߇޽ࠆ‫ޕ‬AP ࠦ࡯࠺ࠖࡀ࡯࠲࡯ߪ㧘ฦ㜞ᩞߦ߅ߌࠆ AP ࡊࡠࠣ࡜ࡓߩ▤ℂㆇ༡ߩ
⽿છ⠪ߢ޽ࠅ㧘ࠞ࡟࠶ࠫࡏ࡯࠼ߣߩ੐ോㅪ⛊⽿છ⠪ߢ޽ࠆ‫߫߃଀ޕ‬㧘AP ⹜㛎ߩ↳ߒㄟߺ߿ AP⑼⋡ߦᔅⷐߣߥࠆᢎ᧚ߩ⾼౉╬ࠍᜂᒰߔࠆ‫⽿ߚߒ߁ߎޕ‬છ⠪ߦߪ㧘੐ോ⡯ຬ㧘ࠞ࠙ࡦ࠮࡜࡯㧘޽ࠆ޿ߪ AP ⑼⋡ࠍᜂᒰߒߥ޿ᢎຬ߆ࠄㆬ߫ࠇࠆߎߣߦߥࠆ‫ޕ‬ㅒߦ⸒߃߫೑ኂ㑐ଥߩኻ┙ࠍㆱߌࠆߚ߼ߦ㧘 AP ⑼⋡ࠍᜂᒰߔࠆᢎຬߪ AP ࠦ࡯࠺ࠖࡀ࡯࠲࡯ߦߪߥࠆߎߣ߇ߢ߈ߥ޿ߩߢ޽
ࠆ‫ޕ‬
߽߁৻ߟ㊀ⷐߥὐߣߒߡߪ㧘AP ⑼⋡㐿⸳ክᩏ㧔APCourseAudit㧕೙ᐲࠍฃߌࠆᔅⷐ߇޽
ࠆߎߣߢ޽ࠆ‫ ߪࠇߎޕ‬AP ࡊࡠࠣ࡜ࡓߩ⾰ࠍ଻⸽ߔࠆߚ߼ߦ 2007 ᐕ߆ࠄዉ౉ߐࠇߚ߽ߩߢ޽
ࠆ‫ߩߎޕ‬೙ᐲߦࠃߞߡ㧘ฦ㜞ᩞߪ㧘AP ⑼⋡ࠍ㐿⸳ߔࠆ㓙ߦߘࠇࠍᜂᒰߔࠆᢎຬ߇ࠪ࡜ࡃࠬࠍ
ክᩏᆔຬળ㧔audit㧕ߦឭ಴ߒߡክᩏࠍฃߌ㧔ήᢱ㧕㧘AP ⑼⋡㐿⸳ߩ⸵นࠍᓧߥߌࠇ߫ߥࠄߥ
޿‫ߩߘޕ‬ክᩏ೙ᐲࡊࡠ࠮ࠬߪ㧘ᰴߩߣ߅ࠅߢ޽ࠆ‫ޕ‬߹ߕ㧘㜞ᩞߩᢎຬߦࠃߞߡឭ಴ߐࠇߚࠪ࡜ࡃࠬߪ㧘AP ⑼⋡ክᩏቭߦࠃߞߡክᩏߐࠇࠆ‫ޕ‬ክᩏቭߪ㧘ߘࠇ߇ AP ⑼⋡㐿⸳ክᩏ೙ᐲߩቯ߼ࠆ AP ⑼⋡ߩࠞ࡝ࠠࡘ࡜ࡓߩၮḰࠍḩߚߒߡ޿ࠆ
߆ߤ߁߆ࠍክᩏߒ㧘ߘߎߢ⸵น߇ᓧࠄࠇࠇ߫㧘AP ⑼⋡ࠍ㐿⸳ߔࠆߎߣ߇ߢ߈ࠆ‫ޕ‬㜞ᩞ߇ߎߩ⸵นࠍฃߌߡ޿ࠆ߆ߤ߁߆ߪ↢ᓤߩᄢቇㅴቇߦᓇ㗀ࠍਈ߃ࠆߎߣߦߥࠆ‫ޕ‬Ფᐕᄢቇ஥ߪ㧘ฦ㜞ᩞߢታᣉߐࠇߡ޿ࠆ㧔⸵นߐࠇߚ㧕AP ⑼⋡ฬࠍ␜ߒߚ࡝ࠬ࠻ࠍฃߌขࠆߚ߼㧘ߘߩ࡝ࠬ࠻ߦタߞߡ޿ߥ޿႐ว㧘↢ᓤߩᚑ❣⸽᣿ᦠᰣߦ޿ߊࠄߘߩ AP ⑼⋡ጁୃ߇⸥タߐࠇߡ޿ߡ߽⹏ଔߐ
ࠇߥ޿ߎߣߦߥࠆ߆ࠄߢ޽ࠆ‫ޕ‬৻ᣇ㧘AP ⑼⋡ࠍᜂᒰߔࠆᢎຬߦࠃߞߡឭ಴ߐࠇߚࠪ࡜ࡃࠬ߇ክᩏ೙ᐲߩቯ߼ࠆၮḰࠍḩߚߒߡ޿ߥ޿ߣ್ᢿߐࠇߚ႐วߪ㧘਄⚖ክᩏቭߦࠃߞߡౣክᩏ߇ⴕߥࠊࠇࠆ‫ߡߒߘޕ‬㧘ߘߩ਄⚖ክᩏቭ߽ࠪ࡜ࡃࠬ߇ၮḰߦ㆐ߒߡ޿ߥ޿ߣ್ᢿߔࠇ߫㧘ߘߩࠪ࡜ࡃࠬࠍ AP ⑼⋡ߣߒߡ⹺߼ߥ
޿ᩮ᜚ࠍ㧘ࠪ࡜ࡃࠬࠍ૞ᚑߒߚ㜞ᩞᢎຬߦ␜ߔ‫ࠍࠇߘޕ‬ฃߌߚᢎຬߪ㧘ࠪ࡜ࡃࠬࠍ૞ᚑߒ⋥ߒߡክᩏᆔຬળ߳ౣ߮ឭ಴ߔࠆߎߣߦߥࠆ‫ޕ‬߹ߚ㧘ࠪ࡜ࡃࠬࠍౣឭ಴ߒߡ߽ߥ߅㧘ክᩏቭ߇ߘࠇࠍ AP ⑼⋡ߣߒߡ⹺ቯߔࠆߎߣ߇ߢ߈ߥ
޿ߣ್ᢿߒߚ႐ว㧘ࠞ࡟࠶ࠫࡏ࡯࠼ߩઍ⴫ߪߘߩ㜞ᩞᢎຬࠍ๭߮಴ߒ㧘ࠪ࡜ࡃࠬߩᡷༀߦߟ޿
ߡߩౕ૕⊛ߥࠕ࠼ࡃࠗࠬࠍⴕ߁‫ߡߒߘޕ‬㧘ᢎຬߪߘߩࠕ࠼ࡃࠗࠬߦၮߠ߈㧘ౣ߮ࠪ࡜ࡃࠬࠍୃ
ᱜߒߡឭ಴ߔࠆߎߣߦߥࠆ‫ޕ‬
ߚߛߒ㧘AP ⑼⋡ߩࠪ࡜ࡃࠬࠍឭ಴ߢ߈ࠆᯏળߪ 3 ࿁߹ߢߣߐࠇߡ޿ࠆ‫ࠅ߹ߟޕ‬㧘3 ࿁⋡ߦࠪ࡜ࡃࠬࠍឭ಴ߒߡ߽ߘࠇࠍክᩏቭ߇ AP ⑼⋡ߣߒߡ⹺นߒߥ޿႐วߪ㧘ߘߩࠦ࡯ࠬߪߘߩቇᦼ
ߦ AP ⑼⋡ߣߒߡ㐿⸳ߔࠆߎߣߪߢ߈ߕ㧘᧪ቇᦼߦᣂߚߦࠪ࡜ࡃࠬࠍ૞ᚑߒ㧘ឭ಴ߒߥߊߡߪ
ߥࠄߥ޿ߩߢ޽ࠆ‫ߦߺߥߜޕ‬㧘2007 ᐕߦߪ 800 ੱߩᄢቇᢎຬ߇ AP ⑼⋡ߩࠪ࡜ࡃࠬߩክᩏࠍ
ⴕ޿㧘AP ⑼⋡ߣߒߡ⹺߼ࠄࠇߚ߽ߩߪ↳⺧ࠪ࡜ࡃࠬో૕ߩ 3 ಽߩ 2 ߢ޽ߞߚ‫ࠅߥ߆ߪࠇߎޕ‬෩ߒ޿ᢙሼߢ޽ࠆߣᕁࠊࠇࠆ߇㧘ߎ߁ߒߚክᩏ೙ᐲߦࠃߞߡ㧘ᄢቇߩࠕ࠼ࡒ࠶࡚ࠪࡦࠝࡈࠖࠨ

― 42 ―

࡯ߪ㧘↢ᓤߩᚑ❣⸽᣿ᦠߦ⸥タߐࠇࠆ AP ⑼⋡ጁୃᱧࠍ㧘ᄢቇᢎຬߦ⹺߼ࠄࠇߚࠪ࡜ࡃࠬߦᴪ
ߞߡⴕߥࠊࠇߚ᝼ᬺߢ޽ࠆߣା㗬ߢ߈ࠆߎߣߦߥࠆߩߢ޽ࠆ‫ޕ‬ߎ߁ߒߚࠪ࡜ࡃࠬࠍክᩏߔࠆክᩏቭߪ㧘࿷⡯ 3 ᐕએ਄ߩᄢቇᢎຬߢ޽ࠆ߆㧘AP ⑼⋡ࠍᜂᒰߒߚ⚻㛎ߩ޽ࠆ 5 ᐕએౝߩㅌ⡯ᢎຬߢߥߌࠇ߫ߥࠇߥ޿‫ߚ߹ޕ‬㧘਄⚖ክᩏቭߦߪ㧘࿷⡯ 3 ᐕએ਄ߩᄢቇᢎຬ߆㧘AP ⑼⋡ࠍᜂᒰߒߚ⚻㛎ߩ޽ࠆ 3 ᐕએౝߩㅌ⡯ᢎຬ߆㧘߽ߒߊߪୃ჻ภࠍข
ᓧߒߚᢎ⢒ኾ㐷ኅ╬ߢ޽ࠆᔅⷐ߇޽ࠆ‫ࠃߖߦࠇߕ޿ޕ‬㧘AP ⑼⋡ࠍᜂᒰߔࠆ⃻⡯ᢎຬ߇ክᩏቭ
ߣߥࠆߎߣߪߢ߈ߥ޿‫ޕ‬ክᩏቭߪ㧘౏ᐔߥክᩏ߇ⴕ߃ࠆࠃ߁ߦࠝࡦ࡜ࠗࡦ⎇ୃ߇᳞߼ࠄࠇߡ޿
ࠆ‫ߪߢߎߘޕ‬㧘ࠪ࡜ࡃࠬࠍክᩏߔࠆ㓙ߩ᣿⏕ߥၮḰࠍㆡ↪ߢ߈ࠆࠃ߁ߦ⎇ୃߦࠃߞߡ⼂೎ജࠍ⏴ߊߎߣߦߥࠆ‫ޕ‬ክᩏᆔຬળ߳ឭ಴ߔࠆ AP ⑼⋡ߩࠪ࡜ࡃࠬߪ⑼⋡ߦࠃߞߡౝኈ߇⇣ߥߞߡ޿ࠆ‫߫߃଀ޕ‬㧘↢‛ቇߩ AP ⑼⋡ࠍ㐿⸳ߔࠆߚ߼ߦߪ㧘ߘߩ⻠⟵ౝኈߩߺߥࠄߕ㧘ታ㛎ߩ᭴ᚑౝኈ߽⸥ߒߚ߽ߩ
ࠍឭ಴ߔࠆᔅⷐ߇޽ࠅ㧘ߘࠇ߇ AP ⑼⋡ߣߒߡᄢቇᢎ⢒࡟ࡌ࡞ߩ⾰ࠍ⛽ᜬߒߡ޿ࠆ߆߇ክᩏߐ
ࠇࠆ‫ߪ࠼࡯ࡏࠫ࠶࡟ࠞޕ‬㧘AP ⑼⋡ߢ૶↪ߔߴ߈࠹ࠠࠬ࠻߿ߘߩઁߩᢎ᧚ࠍቯ߼ߚࠅ㧘ᢎ᝼ᴺࠍᜰ␜ߒߚࠅߒߡߪ޿ߥ޿߇㧘᝼ᬺౝኈ߇ᄢቇߩන૏ߣߒߡ߰ߐࠊߒ޿࡟ࡌ࡞ߩౝኈߢ޽ࠆ߆
ߤ߁߆ߦ㑐ᔃࠍ␜ߒ㧘ߘߩ࠴ࠚ࠶ࠢࠍክᩏᆔຬળ߇ⴕߞߡ޿ࠆ‫ޕ‬AP ⑼⋡ߩࠞ࡝ࠠࡘ࡜ࡓ⸳⸘
ߣታ〣ߪ㧘ᜂᒰߔࠆᢎຬߩⵙ㊂ߦࠃࠆㇱಽ߇ᄢ߈޿ߩߢ޽ࠆ‫ޕ‬ߎߎߢᵈᗧ߇ᔅⷐߥߎߣߪ㧘AP ⑼⋡ክᩏ೙ᐲߦෳടߒߥ޿㜞ᩞ߽ AP ⹜㛎ࠍታᣉߢ߈ࠆߎߣ
ߢ޽ࠆ‫߫߃⸒ߦࠄߐޕ‬㧘㜞ᩞߢ㐿⻠ߐࠇߡ޿ߥ޿⑼⋡ߩ⹜㛎ࠍฃ㛎ߔࠆߎߣߪ↢ᓤ୘ੱߩ⥄↱ߢ޽ࠅ㧘ㅒߦ AP ⑼⋡ࠍ㜞ᩞߢጁୃߒߡ޿ߡ߽ AP ⹜㛎ࠍᔅߕߒ߽ฃߌࠆᔅⷐ߇ߥ޿ߩߢ޽ࠆ‫ޕ‬ߎࠇߪ↢ᓤߩฃ㛎ᢱߩ⽶ᜂߣ޿߁㕙߆ࠄ߽⠨ᘦߐࠇߡ޿ࠆ‫ ߽ߢࠇߘޕ‬AP ⑼⋡ߩጁୃᏗᦸ⠪߇ᄙ޿ߩߪ㧘ฃ⻠⥄૕ߪήᢱߢ޽ࠆߣ޿߁ὐߣ㧘↢ᓤߩᚑ❣⸽᣿ᦠߦ AP ⑼⋡ߩጁୃᱧ߇޽ࠆߛ
ߌߢ߽ᄢቇ౉ቇ⠪ㆬᛮߩ㓙ߦ᦭೑ߦߥࠆߎߣ߇޽ࠆ߆ࠄߢ޽ࠆ‫ޕ‬ߎߩࠃ߁ߦ㧘AP ⑼⋡㐿⸳ክᩏ೙ᐲࠍ⸳ߌࠆߎߣߦࠃߞߡ㧘AP ⑼⋡ߩ⾰ࠍ৻ቯ࡟ࡌ࡞ߦ଻ߟ
ߎߣߦ⽸₂ߢ߈ࠆߣ⠨߃ࠄࠇࠆ‫ߒ߆ߒޕ‬㧘ታ㓙ߩ AP ⑼⋡߇ࠪ࡜ࡃࠬߦᴪߞߡⴕߥࠊࠇߡ޿ࠆ
߆ߤ߁߆߹ߢߪ࠴ࠚ࠶ࠢߔࠆߎߣ߇ߢ߈ߥ޿‫ߩߎޕ‬໧㗴ࠍ⸃᳿ߔࠆߚ߼㧘ࠞ࡟࠶ࠫࡏ࡯࠼ߪ
2008 ᐕ߆ࠄᄢቇᢎຬߦ㜞ᩞࠍ⸰໧ߐߖߡ߽޿ࠆ‫ޕ‬
㧔㧟㧕#2 ⑼⋡ߩࠟࠗ࠼࡜ࠗࡦ
ᣢㅀߩߣ߅ࠅ㧘ᄢቇ 1㧙2 ᐕᰴ࡟ࡌ࡞ߩౝኈࠍᛒ߁ AP ⑼⋡ߪ㧘㜞ᩞߩᢎຬߦࠃߞߡታ〣ߐࠇࠆ‫ޕ‬᝼ᬺታ〣ߦ޽ߚࠅ㧘AP ⑼⋡ࠍᜂᒰߔࠆᢎຬߪߘߩࠞ࡝ࠠࡘ࡜ࡓ⸳⸘߆ࠄᆎ߼ࠆ߇㧘ߘߩ㓙ߦෳ⠨ߣߥࠆߩ߇ AP ⑼⋡ࠟࠗ࠼㧔APCourseDescriptions㧕ߢ޽ࠆ‫ߪ࠼ࠗࠟߩߎޕ‬㧘APࡊࡠࠣ࡜ࡓߦ฽߹ࠇࠆోߡߩ⑼⋡ߩ AP ⑼⋡ߩࠕ࠙࠻࡜ࠗࡦ߿㧘AP ⑼⋡ߦෳടߔࠆ↢ᓤߩ೔㆐⋡ᮡ╬ࠍ␜ߒߚ߽ߩߢ㧘ࠞ࡟࠶ࠫࡏ࡯࠼ߩ࠙ࠚࡉࡍ࡯ࠫ߆ࠄ߽㑛ⷩ߇น⢻ߢ޽ࠆ‫ޕ‬ߚߛߒ㧘ߎࠇߪ޽ߊ߹ߢ߽ࠕ࠙࠻࡜ࠗࡦߦㆊ߉ߕ㧘ᢎຬ߇ AP ⑼⋡ߩ᝼ᬺࠍ⚵ߺ┙ߡࠆߦ޽ߚߞߡᔅߕߒ߽ߘࠇߦᓥࠊߥߊߡߪߥࠄߥ޿ࠊߌߢߪߥ޿‫ߒ߆ߒޕ‬㧘ߎߩࠟࠗ࠼ߪ㧘AP ⹜㛎― 43 ―

ߩౝኈ߽⠨ᘦߒߚ AP ⑼⋡ߩࠕ࠙࠻࡜ࠗࡦ߇␜ߐࠇߡ޿ࠆߚ߼㧘AP ⑼⋡ࠍᜂᒰߔࠆᢎຬߦߣߞ
ߡߪ᦭↪ߥ߽ߩߣߥࠆ‫ࠆࠇߐ␜ߦߎߎޕ‬ౝኈߪ⑼⋡ߏߣߦ⇣ߥࠆߚ߼㧘એਅߢߪ‫ޟ‬AP ↢‛ቇ‫ޠ‬ࠍ଀ߦߘߩౝኈࠍ␜ߒߡ޿ߊߎߣߦߔࠆ‫ޕ‬⴫㧟㧙㧟 #2 ⑼⋡ࠟࠗ࠼ߩ଀㧔↢‛ቇ㧕᳓A↢๮ߩൻቇ㧔㧣%㧕ࠛࡀ࡞ࠡ࡯ߩ⥄⊒⊛ᄌ឵㉂⚛Σಽሶߣ⚦⢩ 㧔25%㧕ේᩭ↢‛ߣ⌀ᩭ↢‛ߩ⚦⢩
B⚦⢩㧔10%㧕⚦⢩⤑⚦⢩ౝ⚵❱

C⚦⢩ࠛࡀ࡞ࠡ࡯㧔8%㧕⊒㉂ߣ⚦⢩ߩ๭ๆ
శวᚑᷫᢙಽⵚߣ㈩஧ሶᒻᚑ

Aㆮવ㧔8%㧕⌀ᩭ↢‛ߩᨴ⦡૕
ㆮવߩࡄ࠲࡯ࡦ
RNA ߣ DNA ߩ᭴ㅧߣᯏ⢻Τㆮવߣㅴൻ
 㧔25%㧕Bಽሶߩㆮવ⊛․ᓽ㧔9%㧕⓭ὼᄌ⇣࠙ࠖ࡞ࠬߩ᭴ㅧߣⶄ⵾

Cㅴൻ⺰↢‛ቇ㧔8%㧕ㅴൻ⺰ߩᩮ᜚
ㅴൻ⺰ߩࡔࠞ࠾࠭ࡓ
ㅴൻ⺰⊛ࡄ࠲࡯ࡦ

A↢‛ߩᄙ᭽ᕈ㧔8%㧕↢๮ߩᄙ᭽ᕈߦ㑐ߔࠆ⎇ⓥㅴൻ⺰⊛㑐ଥ

Υ↢‛ߣ㓸࿅ 㧔50%㧕Bᬀ‛ߣേ‛ߩ᭴ㅧߣᯏ⢻㧔32%㧕

↢ᱺ૞↪㧘ᚑ㐳㧘⊒⢒
ⅣႺߦኻߔࠆ෻ᔕ
㓸࿅ߩ⊒㆐

C↢ᘒቇ㧔10%㧕ࠦࡒࡘ࠾࠹ࠖߣ↢ᘒ♽ో૕⊛ߥ໧㗴ὐ಴ᚲ㧕College Board (2008). BIOLOGY Course Description.
<http://apcentral.collegeboard.com/apc/public/repository/ap07_bio_coursedesc.pdf>ࠍ߽ߣߦ╩⠪૞ᚑ‫ޕ‬߹ߕ㧘‫ޟ‬AP ↢‛ቇ‫ߩ⋡⑼ޠ‬ౝኈߪਃߟߩಽ㊁ߦಽߌࠄࠇ㧘ߘࠇߙࠇߩ㊀ὐ㗔ၞߪ⇣ߥߞߡ޿ࠆ‫ߜࠊߥߔޕ‬㧘‫ޟ‬ಽሶߣ⚦⢩㧔MoleculesandCells㧕‫ ߇ޠ‬25%㧘
‫ޟ‬ㆮવߣㅴൻ⺰㧔Heredityand― 44 ―

Evolution㧕‫ ߇ޠ‬25%㧘
‫ߣ‛↢ޟ‬㓸࿅㧔OrganismsandPopulation㧕‫ ߇ޠ‬50%ߢ޽ࠅ㧘ߎࠇࠄߩౝኈࠍߐࠄߦ⹦ߒߊ␜ߒߚߩ߇⴫ 3㧙3 ߢ޽ࠆ‫ޕ‬⴫ 3㧙3 ߆ࠄ㧘AP ⑼⋡ࠟࠗ࠼ߪ‫ޟ‬AP ↢‛ቇ‫ߢޠ‬ᢎ߃ࠆߴ߈ౝኈࠍ⹦⚦ߦࠞ࠹ࠧ࡝࡯ൻߒ㧘ߘߩഀว߹ߢ᣿⏕ߦ␜ߒߡ޿ࠆߎߣ߇ࠊ߆ࠆ‫߫߃଀ޕ‬㧘‫ޟ‬ಽሶߣ⚦⢩‫ߪޠ‬㧘ో૕ߩ 25%ࠍභ߼ߡ߅ࠅ㧘ߘࠇߪߐࠄߦ 3 ⒳㘃ߩਅ૏ౝኈ߆ࠄ᭴ᚑߐࠇߡ޿ࠆ‫↢ޟߪ⋡ߟ৻ޕ‬๮ߩൻቇ‫ߢޠ‬㧘ߘߩഀวߪ 7%ߣߥߞߡ޿ࠆ‫ߪߦࠇߎޕ‬㧘‫ޟ‬᳓‫ޠ‬㧘‫⊛⊒⥄ߩ࡯ࠡ࡞ࡀࠛޟ‬ᄌ឵‫ޠ‬㧘‫ޟ‬㉂⚛‫ߚߞ޿ߣޠ‬ౝኈ߇฽߹ࠇࠆ‫ޕ‬ੑߟ⋡ߪ‫⚦ޟ‬⢩‫ߢޠ‬㧘ߘߩഀวߪ 10%ߢ޽ࠆ‫ߦࠇߎޕ‬฽߹ࠇࠆౝኈߦߪ㧘‫ޟ‬ේᩭ↢‛ߣ⌀ᩭ↢‛ߩ⚦⢩‫ޠ‬㧘‫⚦ޟ‬⢩⤑‫ޠ‬㧘‫⚦ޟ‬⢩ౝ⚵❱‫ޕࠆ޽߇ޠ‬ਃߟ⋡ߪ‫⚦ޟ‬⢩ࠛࡀ࡞ࠡ࡯‫ߢޠ‬㧘ߘߩഀวߪ 8%ߢ޽ࠆ‫ߦࠇߎޕ‬฽߹ࠇࠆౝኈߪ㧘‫⊒ޟ‬㉂ߣ⚦⢩ߩ๭ๆ‫ޠ‬㧘‫ޟ‬శวᚑ‫ߚ߹ޕࠆ޽߇ޠ‬㧘‫ߣ‛↢ޟ‬㓸࿅‫ోߪޠ‬૕ߩ 50%ࠍභ߼ߡ߅ࠅ㧘ߘߩౝ⸶ߪ‫ߩ‛↢ޟ‬ᄙ᭽ᕈ‫ ߇ޠ‬8%㧘
‫ޟ‬ᬀ‛ߣേ‛ߩ᭴ㅧߣᯏ⢻‫ ߇ޠ‬32%㧘ߘߒߡ‫↢ޟ‬ᘒቇ‫ ߇ޠ‬10%ߣߥߞߡ޿ࠆ‫ߢߎߎޕ‬㧘‫ޟ‬ᬀ‛ߣേ‛ߩ᭴ㅧߣᯏ⢻‫ ߩޠ‬32%ߪઁߩࠞ࠹ࠧ࡝࡯ߣᲧセߒߡ㜞ߊߥߞߡ߅ࠅ㧘‫ޟ‬AP ↢‛ቇ‫ߩޠ‬ਛߢᦨ߽㊀ⷐᐲߩ㜞޿ౝኈߢ޽ࠆߎߣ߇ࠊ߆ࠆ‫ޕ‬‫ޟ‬ᬀ‛ߣേ‛ߩ᭴ㅧߣᯏ⢻‫ߩޠ‬ౝኈߣߒߡߪ㧘‫↢ޟ‬ᱺ૞↪‫ޠ‬
㧘
‫ޟ‬ᚑ
㐳‫ޠ‬
㧘
‫⊒ޟ‬⢒‫߿ޠ‬㧘‫ߩ‛↢ޟ‬ⅣႺߦኻߔࠆ෻ᔕ‫߇╬ޠ‬฽߹ࠇࠆ‫ޕ‬⴫ 3㧙3 ߦ␜ߒߚ‫ޟ‬AP ↢‛ቇ‫ߩ⋡⑼ޠ‬ౝኈߣߘߩഀวߪ㧘AP ⹜㛎ߦ߽෻ᤋߐࠇߡ޿ࠆ‫╙ޕ‬‫↢ޟ‬
4 ┨ߢ߽⸒෸ߔࠆߎߣߦߥࠆ߇㧘AP ⹜㛎ߦߪᄙ⢇ㆬᛯᑼߩ໧㗴ߣ⸥ㅀᑼߩ໧㗴߇฽߹ࠇ㧘‛ቇ‫ߩޠ‬႐ว㧘ᄙ⢇ㆬᛯᑼߩ໧㗴ߪో૕ߢ 100 ໧ߣߥߞߡ߅ࠅ㧘಴㗴ౝኈߩഀวߪ⴫ߦ␜ߒߚ
ߣ߅ࠅߩഀวߢ಴㗴ߐࠇࠆߎߣߦߥࠆ‫৻ޕ‬ᣇ㧘⸥ㅀᑼߩ໧㗴ߦߟ޿ߡߪ㧘‫ޟ‬ಽሶߣ⚦⢩‫ ࠄ߆ޠ‬1㗴㧘‫ޟ‬ㆮવߣㅴൻ‫ ࠄ߆ޠ‬1 㗴㧘‫ߣ‛↢ޟ‬㓸࿅‫ ࠄ߆ޠ‬2 㗴಴㗴ߐࠇࠆ‫⸥ߥ߁ࠃߩߎޕ‬ㅀᑼߩ໧㗴ߦߪ㧘ℂ⺰⊛ᕁ⠨ജ߿㧘࠺࡯࠲ಽᨆ⢻ജࠍ᷹ቯߔࠆ߽ߩ߽฽߹ࠇߡ߅ࠅ㧘ߎߩὐߢ AP ⑼⋡ߦ߅ߌࠆታ㛎ߩ㊀ⷐᐲߪ㜞޿ߣ⠨߃ࠄࠇࠆ‫ޕ‬ߎߩὐߦ㑐ㅪߒߡ㧘‫ޟ‬AP ↢‛ቇ‫ߪߢޠ‬㧘ᔅߕታ㛎ࠍⴕࠊߥߊߡߪߥࠄߥ޿‫ ߪߢ࠼ࠗࠟޕ‬12⒳㘃ߩታ㛎ࠍⴕߥ߁ߎߣࠍ൘߼ߡ߅ࠅ㧘ߘࠇߙࠇߩታ㛎ߦߟ޿ߡਥߥౝኈࠍ␜ߒߡ޿ࠆ‫ ⴫ޕ‬3
㧙4 ߪ㧘ߘߩ߁ߜ 7 ⒳㘃ߩታ㛎ߦߟ޿ߡ␜ߒߚ߽ߩߢ޽ࠆ‫ޕ‬⴫ 3㧙4 ߆ࠄ㧘‫ޟ‬AP ↢‛ቇ‫ߪߢޠ‬㧘‫ޟ‬㉂⚛ߩ⸅ᇦ෻ᔕ‫ޠ‬㧘‫ޟ‬ᬀ‛ߩ⦡⚛ߣశวᚑ‫ޠ‬㧘‫ޟ‬േ‛ߩⴕേ‫ޠ‬㧘‫ߩ‛↢ޟ‬ㆮવ‫ߚߞ޿ߣ╬ޠ‬᏷ᐢ޿ಽ㊁ߦ㑐ߔࠆታ㛎ࠍⴕ߁ߎߣ߇᳞߼ࠄࠇߡ޿ࠆߎߣ߇ࠊ߆ࠆ‫ޕ‬߹ߚ㧘‫ޟ‬േ‛ߩⴕേ‫ޟ߿ޠ‬ṁ⸃㉄⚛ߣᬀ‛ߩశวᚑ㊂‫ߦ߁ࠃߩޠ‬㧘৻ߟߩ࠹࡯ࡑߦ߅޿ߡⶄᢙߩ
ታ㛎ࠍⴕߥ߁߽ߩ߽ਛߦߪ฽߹ࠇߡ޿ࠆ‫ߦࠄߐޕ‬㧘‫ޟ‬᜛ᢔߣᶐㅘ‫⫳ޟߣޠ‬ᢔ‫ߦ߁ࠃߩޠ‬ౝኈ߇㑐ㅪߒߡ߅ࠅ㧘⍮⼂ࠍᔕ↪ߔࠆߎߣ߇ߢ߈ࠆ߽ߩ߽޽ࠆ‫ޕ‬߹ߚ㧘ࠟࠗ࠼ߦߪ㧘ߘࠇߙࠇߩታ㛎ࠍⴕ߁ߦ޽ߚߞߡ੐೨ߦ↢ᓤ߇りߦߟߌߡ߅ߊߴ߈⍮⼂ߣታ㛎ࠍㅢߒߡ↢ᓤ߇ቇ߱ߴ߈ౝኈ߽␜ߐࠇߡ޿ࠆ‫߫߃଀ޕ‬㧘‫ޟ‬ᬀ‛ߩ⦡⚛ߣశวᚑ‫ߡ޿ߟߦޠ‬ߪ㧘↢ᓤߪታ㛎ࠍⴕߥ߁೨ߦ㧘శวᚑߩࡊࡠ࠮ࠬ㧘ᬀ‛ߩ⦡⚛ߩᯏ⢻㧘శߩᵄ㐳߿ᒝߐߣశว
ᚑߩ㑐ଥ╬ߦߟ޿ߡߩ⍮⼂ࠍりߦߟߌߡ޿ࠆᔅⷐ߇޽ࠆߣߒߡ޿ࠆ‫ߚ߹ޕ‬㧘ߎߩታ㛎ࠍㅢߒߡ↢ᓤߪ㧘᷷ᐲ㧘శߩᒝߐ㧘శߩᵄ㐳ࠍᄌൻߐߖ㧘ߐ߹ߑ߹ߥ᧦ઙߩਅߢታ㛎ࠍⴕ޿㧘ߘࠇߙࠇ
ߩశวᚑ㊂ࠍᲧセߒ㧘ߘߩ㊂߇᧦ઙߦࠃߞߡ⇣ߥࠆℂ↱ࠍ⺑᣿ߔࠆߎߣ߇ߢ߈ࠆࠃ߁ߦߥࠆߎ

― 45 ―

ߣ߇⋡ᮡߣߒߡ␜ߐࠇߡ޿ࠆ‫ߚ߹ޕ‬㧘‫ޟ‬േ‛ߩⴕേ‫ߪߢޠ‬㧘↢ᓤߪታ㛎ࠍⴕߥ߁ߦ޽ߚࠅ㧘↢‛ߩಽᏓߣ㧘↢‛ߩනߥࠆㆇേ㧔kinesis㧕ߣ⿛ᕈ㧔taxis㧕ߩ㆑޿ࠍℂ⸃ߔࠆߎߣ߇᳞߼ࠄࠇࠆ‫ޕ‬ߘߒߡ㧘ታ㛎ࠍㅢߒߡ㧘ቯ૏ⴕേ߿┹੎⊛ⴕേ╬ߩേ‛ߩⴕേߩ஥㕙ࠍ␜ߒ㧘ߘࠇߙࠇߩⴕേ
ߩㆡᔕᕈࠍℂ⸃ߔࠆߎߣ߇⋡ᮡߣߐࠇߡ޿ࠆ‫ߩࠄࠇߎޕ‬ታ㛎ࠍⴕߥ߁ߎߣߦࠃߞߡ㧘࠺࡯࠲ࠍಽᨆߔࠆജ߽ AP ⹜㛎ߢ᷹ቯߐࠇࠆߩߢ޽ࠆ‫ޕ‬⴫㧟㧙㧠 ‫ޟ‬#2 ↢‛ቇ‫߁ߥⴕߢޠ‬ታ㛎ߩౝኈታ㛎ߩ⒳㘃
᜛ᢔߣᶐㅘ
㉂⚛ߩ⸅ᇦ
෻ᔕ

ਥߥౝኈ
⚦⢩⤑ߩࠪࠬ࠹ࡓࠍࡕ࠺࡞ߣߒߡ㧘᜛ᢔߣᶐㅘߩࡊࡠ࠮ࠬߦߟ޿ߡቇ߱‫ߚ߹ޕ‬㧘ᬀ‛ߩ⚵❱ߣ㑐ㅪߒߡ㧘᳓ߦṁ߆ߔ‛⾰ߩỚᐲࠍᄌൻߐߖࠆߎߣߦࠃߞߡ㧘᳓ߩᕈ⾰ࠍቇ߱‫ޕ‬㉂⚛ߩ⸅ᇦ෻ᔕߦࠃߞߡㆊ㉄ൻ᳓⚛߇᳓ߣ㉄⚛߳ಽ⸃ߔࠆߩࠍⷰኤߔࠆ‫ߚ߹ޕ‬㧘ߐ߹ߑ߹ߥ᧦ઙߩ߽ߣߢታ㛎ࠍⴕ޿㧘⊒↢ߒߚ㉄⚛ߩ㊂ࠍ᷹ቯߒ㧘ߘࠇߙࠇߩ෻ᔕߩᄢ߈ߐࠍ᷹ቯ
ߔࠆ‫ޕ‬

ᬀ‛ߩ⦡⚛

ᬀ‛ߩ⦡⚛⚦⢩ࠍಽ㔌ߐߖ㧘߫ࠄ߫ࠄߦߥߞߚ⪲✛૕ߩਛߢ⿠߈ࠆశวᚑߩഀวࠍ᷹ቯߔ

ߣశวᚑ

ࠆ‫ޕ‬

↢‛ߩㆮવ
⫳ᢔേ‛ߩⴕേ

ߐ߹ߑ߹ߥㆮવሶࠍᜬߟ࡚࡚ࠪ࠙ࠫ࠙ࡃࠛࠍ੤㈩ߒ㧘ߘߩ⚿ᨐࠍಽᨆߔࠆ‫࡚࡚࠙ࠫ࠙ࠪޕ‬ࡃࠛએᄖߩ↢‛ࠍኻ⽎ߦታ㛎ࠍⴕߥ߁ߎߣ߽น⢻ߢ޽ࠆ‫ޕ‬‫ޟ‬᜛ᢔߣᶐㅘ‫ߢޠ‬ቇࠎߛ᳓ߩᕈ⾰ࠍ㧘ᬀ‛ౝߩ᳓ߩേ߈ߦᔕ↪ߐߖߡቇ⠌ߔࠆ‫ߚ߹ޕ‬㧘⇣ߥࠆ᧦ઙߩਅߢ⫳ᢔ㊂ࠍ᷹ቯߔࠆ‫ޕ‬A ߢߪ㧘࠳ࡦࠧࡓࠪ߇ⅣႺߩᄌൻߦߤ߁ኻᔕߔࠆ߆ⷰኤߔࠆ‫ޕ‬B ߢߪ㧘࡚࡚ࠪ࠙ࠫ࠙ࡃࠛ
ߩ੤የࠍⷰኤߔࠆ‫ޕ‬ṁ⸃㉄⚛ߣA ߢߪ㧘ߐ߹ߑ߹ߥ᷷ᐲߩ᳓ߦṁߌࠆ㉄⚛Ớᐲࠍಽᨆߔࠆ‫ޕ‬B ߢߪ㧘శߩᒝߐ߇శวᚑ㊂ᬀ‛ߩశวߦߤࠇߊࠄ޿ᓇ㗀ࠍਈ߃ࠆ߆ಽᨆߔࠆ‫ޕ‬

ᚑ㊂಴ᚲ㧕College Board (2008). BIOLOGY Course Description.
<http://apcentral.collegeboard.com/apc/public/repository/ap07_bio_coursedesc.pdf>ࠍ߽ߣߦ╩⠪૞ᚑ‫ޕ‬ߎߩࠃ߁ߦ㧘
‫ޟ‬AP ↢‛ቇ‫ߣ⟵⻠ߪߦޠ‬ታ㛎߇฽߹ࠇߡ޿ࠆ‫ߩߘޕ‬᝼ᬺᤨ㑆ᢙߦߟ޿ߡࠞ࡟࠶
ࠫࡏ࡯࠼ߪ㧘1 ࠮ࡔࠬ࠲࡯ߦߟ߈⻠⟵ߪ 40 ߆ࠄ 50 ᤨ㑆㧘ታ㛎ߦߟ޿ߡߪ 30 ߆ࠄ 40 ᤨ㑆ⴕ߁ߎߣࠍ᳞߼ߡ޿ࠆ‫ߚ߹ޕ‬㧘‫ޟ‬AP ↢‛ቇ‫ߩޠ‬᝼ᬺߢ↪޿ࠆᢎ⑼ᦠߪ․ߦᜰቯߪߐࠇߡ޿ߥ޿߇㧘ᄢቇߩ↢‛ቇኾ᡹ߢ૶↪ߐࠇࠆ߽ߩࠍ↪޿ࠆߴ߈ߢ޽ࠆߣߒ㧘ផᅑߔࠆᧄࠍౕ૕⊛ߦ␜ߒߡ޿
ࠆ‫ߪࠇߎޕ‬㧘ᄢቇߩ᝼ᬺߣߒߡߩ AP ⑼⋡ߣ޿߁૏⟎ߠߌࠍ᣿⏕ߦߔࠆߚ߼ߢ޽ࠆ‫ޕ‬

㧠㧚#2 ߩ᝼ᬺࠍታ〣ߔࠆᢎຬ
㧔㧝㧕ᢎຬߦ᳞߼ࠄࠇࠆ⾗⾰➅ࠅ㄰ߒߦߥࠆ߇㧘AP ࡊࡠࠣ࡜ࡓߪ㧘ᄢቇ 1㧙2 ᐕᰴ࡟ࡌ࡞ߩቇ⠌ౝኈࠍ㜞ᩞ↢ߦ㜞ᩞߩࠠࡖࡦࡄࠬߦ߅޿ߡ㜞ᩞߩᢎຬ߇ᢎ᝼ߔࠆ߽ߩߢ޽ࠆ‫ߡߞ߇ߚߒޕ‬㧘AP ⑼⋡ࠍታᣉߔࠆ߁߃ߢ

― 46 ―

㜞ᩞߩᢎຬ߇ᨐߚߔᓎഀߪᭂ߼ߡᄢ߈ߊ㧘ߘߩᚑุߦߪఝ⑲ߥᢎຬߩሽ࿷߇ࠞࠡߣߥࠆߎߣߪ
᣿ࠄ߆ߢ޽ࠆ‫ޕ‬ࠞ࡟࠶ࠫࡏ࡯࠼ߪ㧘AP ⑼⋡ߩታ〣ߦ㑐ߒߡᢎຬߩഃᗧᎿᄦࠍᒝߊ᳞߼ߡ޿ࠆ‫ߪࠇߘޕ‬㧘↢ᓤߩቇ⠌ߪ಴᧪਄߇ߞߚࠞ࡝ࠠࡘ࡜ࡓߦࠃߞߡࠃࠅ߽߻ߒࠈ㧘ᖱᾲ⊛ߥᢎຬߦࠃߞߡଦㅴߐࠇ
ࠆ߽ߩߢ޽ࠆߣ⠨߃ߡ޿ࠆ߆ࠄߢ޽ࠆ‫ࠅ߹ߟޕ‬㧘AP ⑼⋡ࠍጁୃߔࠆߎߣߦࠃߞߡ↢ᓤ߇ߘߩቇജࠍะ਄ߐߖ㧘AP ⹜㛎ߢᅢᚑ❣ࠍ޽ߍࠆߎߣߦࠃߞߡᔒᦸᄢቇ߳ߣ౞Ṗߦ⒖ⴕߢ߈ࠆ߆ߤ
߁߆ߪ㧘ᢎຬߩജ㊂߇ᒝߊᓇ㗀ࠍਈ߃ࠆߣߺߥߒߡ޿ࠆߩߢ޽ࠆ‫ޕ‬ߢߪ㧘AP ⑼⋡ࠍᜂᒰߔࠆᢎຬߦߪ㧘ౕ૕⊛ߦߤߩࠃ߁ߥ⾗⾰߇᳞߼ࠄࠇࠆߩߛࠈ߁߆‫ࠞޕ‬࡟࠶ࠫࡏ࡯࠼ߪ‫ޡ‬ᢎຬࠬ࠲ࡦ࠳࡯࠼㧔TeacherStandards㧕2005‫ߢ߆ߥߩޢ‬㧘AP ⑼⋡ࠍᜂᒰߔࠆᢎຬߦኻߒߡ㧘ᰴߩ 2 ߟߩኾ㐷ᕈࠍ᳞߼ߡ޿ࠆ‫ޕ‬৻ߟߪ㧘ᜂᒰᢎ⑼ߦ㑐ߔࠆኾ㐷⊛⍮⼂ߢ޽ࠆ‫ޕ‬AP ⑼⋡ߪᄢቇ࡟ࡌ࡞ߩౝኈࠍ㜞ᩞ↢ߦឭଏߔࠆ߽ߩߢ޽ࠆߚ߼㧘ᢎຬߦ߽⼾ንߥ⍮⼂߇ⷐ᳞ߐࠇࠆ‫߃߹〯ࠍߣߎߩߎޕ‬㧘ࠞ࡟࠶ࠫࡏ࡯࠼
ߪ AP ᢎຬߦߟ޿ߡ㧘㑐ㅪಽ㊁ߩ਄⚖ቇ૏㧔ୃ჻ቇ૏એ਄㧕ࠍ଻ᜬߒߡ߅ࠅ㧘ᜂᒰ⑼⋡ߦߟ޿ߡ㕖Ᏹߦ♖ㅢߒߚ⍮⼂ࠍ᦭ߔࠆߎߣ߇ᦸ߹ߒ޿ߣߒߡ޿ࠆ‫ޕ‬ታ㓙ߦ㧘AP ⑼⋡ࠍᜂᒰߔࠆᢎຬ
ߩ߁ߜ㧘697%ߩᢎຬ߇ୃ჻ቇ૏ࠍขᓧߒߡ޿ࠆ‫ߒߛߚޕ‬㧘ߘࠇߪ⛘ኻ⊛ߥ᧦ઙߣ޿߁ࠊߌ
ߢߪߥߊ㧘਄⚖ቇ૏ࠍᜬߞߡ޿ߥ޿ߣ AP ⑼⋡ࠍᜂᒰߢ߈ߥ޿ߣ޿߁ࠊߌߢ߽ߥ޿‫ޕ‬߽߁৻ߟߪ㧘ᢎ⢒ቇߩ⍮⼂ߢ޽ࠆ‫ޕ‬ᢎ⢒ቇߩ⍮⼂ࠍ஻߃ߚᢎຬߪ㧘ࠞ࡝ࠠࡘ࡜ࡓࠍ⁛⥄ߦ㐿⊒ߒߚࠅ㧘ᢎ᝼ᴺࠍᎿᄦߒߚࠅߒߡ㧘↢ᓤߩቇ⠌ᗧ᰼ࠍะ਄ߐߖࠆࡁ࠙ࡂ࠙ࠍりߦߟߌߡ޿ࠆ‫ޕ‬ߒߚ߇ߞߡ㧘ߘߩࠃ߁ߥᢎຬߦᢎ߃ࠄࠇࠆ↢ᓤߪ⹜㛎ߩᚑ❣߇⦟ߊ㧘ᄢቇ߳ߩធ⛯ࠍ౞Ṗߦⴕ߁ߎߣ߇ߢ߈ߡ޿ࠆߣ޿߁‫ߦ․ޕ‬㧘⃻࿷ߩࠃ߁ߦ AP ࡊࡠࠣ࡜ࡓ߇᜛ᄢߒ㧘ࡊࡠࠣ࡜ࡓ߳ෳട
ߔࠆ↢ᓤ߇ᄙ᭽ൻߒߡ޿ࠆ⁁ᴫߦ߅޿ߡߪ㧘↢ᓤߩ୘ᕈߦᔕߓߚᢎ᝼ᴺ߇޿ߞߘ߁㊀ⷐߣߥࠆ‫ޕ‬ߒߚ߇ߞߡ㧘↢ᓤߩ࠲ࠗࡊߦᔕߓߡᢎ᝼ᴺࠍ⺞ᢛߒ㧘↢ᓤ⥄ࠄ߇Ⓧᭂ⊛ߦᄢቇ࡟ࡌ࡞ߩቇ⠌ࠍⴕ߁ࠃ߁ߥᜰዉ߇ߢ߈ࠆᢎຬ߇᳞߼ࠄࠇߡ޿ࠆߩߢ޽ࠆ‫ޕ‬એ਄ߩࠃ߁ߦ㧘AP ⑼⋡ࠍᜂᒰߔࠆᢎຬߦߪ㜞޿ኾ㐷ᕈ߇᳞߼ࠄࠇߡ޿ࠆߎߣ߇ࠊ߆ߞߚ߇㧘ᣂߚߥ⾗ᩰ߇᳞߼ࠄࠇߡ޿ࠆࠊߌߢߪߥ޿ߎߣ߽᣿ࠄ߆ߣߥߞߚ‫ޕ‬ᣂߚߥ⾗ᩰࠍ଻ᜬߒߡ޿ߥ
ߊߣ߽㧘AP ⑼⋡ࠍᜂᒰߔࠆᢎຬࠍᩭߣߒߡ⾰ߩ㜞޿ᢎຬ߇ᄙߊߥࠇ߫㧘㜞ᩞో૕ߣߒߡߩ⾰ߩะ਄߳ߣߟߥ߇ࠆ‫ࠄߥߗߥޕ‬㧘AP ⑼⋡ࠍㆇ༡ߔࠆᢎຬߪ AP ⑼⋡ߩߺࠍᜂᒰߔࠆࠊߌߢߪߥ
ߊ㧘ߘࠇએᄖߩㅢᏱߩ⑼⋡߽ᜂᒰߒߡ޿ࠆߚ߼㧘ߘࠇࠄߩ᝼ᬺߩ⾰߽ะ਄ߐߖࠆߎߣ߇น⢻ߣߥࠆ߆ࠄߢ޽ࠆ‫ߦ߁ࠃߩߎޕ‬㧘㜞ᩞߢ AP ⑼⋡ࠍ㐿⸳ߒ㧘ߘࠇࠍᜂᒰߔࠆ⾰ߩ㜞޿ᢎຬࠍ㙃ᚑߔࠆߎߣ߇ߢ߈ࠇ߫㧘㜞ᩞߦߣߞߡᄢ߈ߥࡔ࡝࠶࠻ߣߥࠆ‫ޕ‬ߘࠇߢߪ㧘AP ⑼⋡ࠍታ〣ߔࠆᢎຬߦኻߒߡ᳞߼ࠄࠇࠆ㜞޿⾰ߣߪ㧘ߤߩࠃ߁ߦၭࠊࠇࠆߩ
ߛࠈ߁߆‫ࠎࠈߜ߽ޕ‬㧘ᜂᒰ⑼⋡ߦ㑐ߔࠆኾ㐷ቇⴚ㔀⹹ࠍ⺒߻ߎߣߦࠃߞߡᜂᒰ⑼⋡ߦ㑐ߔࠆᦨᣂᖱႎࠍᓧࠆ╬㧘ᢎຬ⥄りߩਇᢿߩദജ߿ᢎຬߣߒߡߩ⚻㛎ߪᔅⷐߢ޽ࠆ߇㧘ߎࠇࠄߩઁߦࠞ
࡟࠶ࠫࡏ࡯࠼ߪ㧘AP ⑼⋡ࠍᜂᒰߔࠆᢎຬߣߒߡߩ⾰ࠍะ਄ߐߖࠆߚ߼ߩߐ߹ߑ߹ߥࠨࡐ࡯࠻
ᵴേࠍⴕߞߡ޿ࠆߩߢ޽ࠆ‫ޕ‬― 47 ―

㧔㧞㧕ᢎຬߩ࠻࡟࡯࠾ࡦࠣ
AP ⑼⋡ࠍታ〣ߔࠆᢎຬߦߪ㜞޿ኾ㐷ᕈ߇᳞߼ࠄࠇࠆߎߣߪߔߢߦ␜ߒߚ߇㧘ߎࠇࠄߩᢎຬ
ߩኾ㐷ᕈࠍะ਄ߐߖߚࠆߚ߼ߦ㧘ࠞ࡟࠶ࠫࡏ࡯࠼ߪߐ߹ߑ߹ߥࡊࡠࠣ࡜ࡓࠍ⸳ߌߡ޿ࠆ‫ߚ߹ޕ‬㧘AP ⑼⋡ࠍᜂᒰߔࠆᢎຬߦኻߒߡ㧘ߘࠇࠄߩࡊࡠࠣ࡜ࡓ߳Ⓧᭂ⊛ߦෳടߔࠆߎߣ߽ଦߒߡ޿ࠆ‫ޕ‬એਅߢߪ㧘ߘࠇࠄߩࡊࡠࠣ࡜ࡓߩਛߢ߽㧘․ߦ AP ⑼⋡ࠍታ〣ߔࠆᢎຬߩߚ߼ߩࡢ࡯࡚ࠢࠪ࠶
ࡊߣ㧘ᄐᦼ⻠⠌ߦ㑐ߔࠆౕ૕⊛ߥౝኈࠍ⚫੺ߔࠆߎߣߦߒߚ޿‫ޕ‬೨⠪ߩࡢ࡯࡚ࠢࠪ࠶ࡊߪᰴߩࠃ߁ߥ߽ߩߢ޽ࠆ‫ߪ࠼࡯ࡏࠫ࠶࡟ࠞޕ‬㧘AP ࡊࡠࠣ࡜ࡓߢឭଏ
ߒߡ޿ࠆ⑼⋡ࠍ㧘‫ޠ⺆⧷ޟ‬
㧘‫ޟ‬ᢙቇ࡮ᖱႎ⑼ቇ‫ޠ‬㧘‫ޠⴚ⧓ޟ‬
㧘‫ޟ‬ℂ⑼‫ޠ‬㧘‫␠ޟ‬ળ⑼ቇ࡮ᱧผ‫ޠ‬㧘‫ޠ⺆⸒ޟ‬
㧘ߘߒߡ‫ޟ‬ቇ㓙⊛⑼⋡‫ ߩޠ‬7 ߟߩಽ㊁ߦಽߌߡ㧘ߘࠇߙࠇߩ AP ⑼⋡ࠍᜂᒰߔࠆᢎຬߩኾ㐷ᕈࠍ㜞߼ࠆߚ߼ߩࡢ࡯࡚ࠢࠪ࠶ࡊࠍ⸳ߌߡ޿ࠆ‫ߪߦࡊ࠶࡚ࠪࠢ࡯ࡢߩߎޕ‬㧘AP ⑼⋡ࠍ౞Ṗߦㅴⴕߐߖࠆߚ߼ߩ࠹ࠢ࠾࠶ࠢ߿㧘ߘߩ㓙ߦ↪޿ࠆߴ߈ലᨐ⊛ߥᣇᴺߦߟ޿ߡߩኾ㐷ኅߦࠃࠆ⻠⟵ߣ㧘ࡢ࡯࡚ࠢࠪ࠶ࡊߦෳടߔࠆᢎຬห჻ߢⴕ߁ታ〣ߩ઀ᣇߦߟ޿ߡߩ࠺ࠖࠬࠞ࠶࡚ࠪࡦ߇฽߹ࠇߡ
޿ࠆ‫ߪߢࡦ࡚ࠪ࠶ࠞࠬࠖ࠺ޕ‬㧘ෳടᢎຬ⥄り߇ታ㓙ߦ AP ⑼⋡ߩ᝼ᬺߢ↪޿ߡ޿ࠆ⾗ᢱߩ⚫੺╬ࠍⴕ޿㧘ᢎຬߪ AP ⑼⋡ߩ᝼ᬺታ〣ߦ㑐ߔࠆ᦭ᗧ⟵ߥᖱႎࠍ౒᦭ߔࠆߎߣ߇ߢ߈ࠆߩߢ޽ࠆ‫ޕ‬߹ߚ㧘ઁߩ㜞ᩞߦ߅޿ߡหߓ AP ⑼⋡ࠍᜂᒰߔࠆᢎຬ߇ⴕߞߡ޿ࠆലᨐ⊛ߥᢎ᝼ᴺߦߟ޿ߡᗧ
⷗੤឵ࠍⴕ߁ߎߣߦࠃߞߡ㧘ࠃࠅࠃ޿ᢎ᝼ᴺࠍ↢ߺ಴ߔലᨐ߽ᦼᓙߢ߈ࠆߩߢ޽ࠆ‫ޕ‬ߎߩࡢ࡯࡚ࠢࠪ࠶ࡊ߇ⴕࠊࠇࠆᣣ⒟߿႐ᚲߪ⑼⋡ߦࠃߞߡ⇣ߥߞߡ޿ࠆ‫߫߃଀ޕ‬㧘2009 ᐕߦ߅ߌࠆ‫࡮⺆⧷ޟ‬૞ᢥ‫ߪࡊ࠶࡚ࠪࠢ࡯ࡢߩޠ‬㧘2 ᦬ 7 ᣣߩඦ೨ 8 ᤨ߆ࠄඦᓟ 3 ᤨ߹ߢ㧘ࠞ࡝ࡈࠜ࡞࠾ࠕᎺࡂ࡝࠙࠶࠼ߦ޽ࠆࡃ࡯ࡦࠬ࠲ࠗࡦ㜞ᩞ㧔BernsteinHighSchool㧕ߦ߅޿ߡታᣉߐࠇ
ࠆ‫ߪ↪⾌ޕ‬㧘ࠞ࡟࠶ࠫࡏ࡯࠼ߩળຬߪ 150 ࠼࡞ߢ޽ࠆ߇㧘㕖ળຬߩ႐วߪ 175 ࠼࡞ߣߥࠆ‫ޕ‬
ߎߩᣣ⒟એᄖߦ߽㧘ᐕ㑆ࠍㅢߒߡࡢ࡯࡚ࠢࠪ࠶ࡊߪ⑼⋡ߏߣߦ૗࿁߽ታᣉߐࠇߡ޿ࠆ߇㧘࿾ℂ⊛ⷐ࿃ߦࠃࠅࡢ࡯࡚ࠢࠪ࠶ࡊߦෳടߢ߈ߥ޿ᢎຬ߽޿ࠆߎߣ߇⠨߃ࠄࠇࠆ‫ߥ߁ࠃߩߎޕ‬ᢎຬߦ㈩ᘦߒ㧘ࠞ࡟࠶ࠫࡏ࡯࠼ߪࠝࡦ࡜ࠗࡦߢࡢ࡯࡚ࠢࠪ࠶ࡊߩౝኈࠍ㑛ⷩߢ߈ࠆⅣႺࠍᢛ߃ߡ޿ࠆ‫ޕ‬ࠝࡦ࡜ࠗࡦߦࠃࠆෳടߩ႐ว㧘ߘߩᢱ㊄ߪࠞ࡟࠶ࠫࡏ࡯࠼ળຬ߇ 45 ࠼࡞㧘㕖ળຬ߇ 55 ࠼࡞ߣߥߞߡ޿ࠆ‫ޕ‬ ࠞ࡟࠶ࠫࡏ࡯࠼ߪ AP ⑼⋡ࠍᜂᒰߔࠆᢎຬߩኾ㐷ᕈࠍ㜞߼ࠆߚ߼ߦ㧘ᄐᦼ⻠⠌߽ⴕߞߡ޿ࠆ‫ޕ‬ᄐᦼ⻠⠌ߪ 30 ᤨ㑆એ਄ⴕࠊࠇ㧘ߎߜࠄߩᣣ⒟ߦߟ޿ߡ߽⑼⋡ߦࠃߞߡ⇣ߥߞߡ޿ࠆ‫߫߃଀ޕ‬㧘
2009 ᐕߦ߅ߌࠆ‫ޟ‬AP ↢‛ቇ‫ߩޠ‬ᄐᦼ⻠⠌ߦߟ޿ߡߪ 6 ᦬ 22 ᣣඦ೨ 8 ᤨߦ㐿ᆎߒߡ 6 ᦬ 25
ᣣඦᓟ 4 ᤨߦ⚳ੌߔࠆ੍ቯߢ޽ࠆ‫ޕ‬႐ᚲߪ㧘ࠞ࡝ࡈࠜ࡞࠾ࠕᎺࡌ࡞ࡕࡦ࠻㧔Belmont㧕ߦ޽ࠆࡄࠪࡈࠖ࠶ࠢ AP ⎇ⓥᚲ㧔PacificAPInstitute㧕ߢ޽ࠆ‫ޕ‬ෳടᢱ㊄ߪ㧘30 ᤨ㑆ߩ⻠⠌ߢ 700࠼࡞ߢ޽ࠆ‫ߒߛߚޕ‬㧘ታ㛎ߦ㑐ߔࠆ⻠⠌ߦߟ޿ߡ߽ฃ⻠ߔࠆ႐ว߿㧘✦߼ಾࠅ㧔3 ᦬ 31 ᣣ㧕ᓟߦ↳ߒㄟߺࠍߔࠆ႐วߪ㧘50 ࠼࡞ߩㅊടᢱ㊄ࠍᛄ߁ᔅⷐ߇޽ࠆ‫ߦ߁ࠃߩߎޕ‬㧘⾗ᩰ╬ߩᒻᑼࠃࠅ߽㧘⎇ୃߩలታߦࠃߞߡ㧘AP ⑼⋡ࠍᜂᒰߔࠆᢎຬߩ⾰ࠍะ਄ߐߖࠃ߁ߣߔࠆࠞ࡟࠶ࠫࡏ
࡯࠼ߩᚢ⇛߇ߎߎ߆ࠄ⷗ߡขࠇࠆߩߢ޽ࠆ‫ޕ‬

― 48 ―

㧡㧚߅ࠊࠅߦ
 એ਄ᧄ┨ߢߪ㧘AP ⑼⋡ߩౕ૕⊛ౝኈߣ㧘ߘࠇࠍᜂ߁ᢎຬ⎇ୃߦߟ޿ߡߺߡ߈ߚ‫ޕ‬AP ⑼⋡ߪ᥉Ბߩ᝼ᬺ⑼⋡ߩߥ߆ߦ⚵ߺㄟ߹ࠇߡ޿ߡ㧘․೎ߥᣣࠍ⸳ቯߒߡ᝼ᬺࠍߒߡ޿ࠆࠊߌߢߪߥ޿
ߎߣ㧘߹ߚߘࠇࠍᜂᒰߔࠆᢎຬߪ㧘․ߦᄢቇ߆ࠄᢎຬ߇಴ะߒߡ޿ࠆࠊߌߢߪߥߊ㧘ᒰ⹥㜞ᩞߦൕോߔࠆ㜞ᩞᢎຬߢ޽ࠆߎߣ߽ࠊ߆ߞߚ‫ޕ‬ ⃻࿷ AP ࡊࡠࠣ࡜ࡓߪో☨ߦᶐㅘߒ㧘ᄙߊߩ↢ᓤ߇ෳടߒߡ޿ࠆ‫ߦࠄߐޕ‬㧘ࠞ࡟࠶ࠫࡏ࡯࠼
߿ㅪ㇌᡽ᐭ㧘ߘߒߡߘߩઁߩߐ߹ߑ߹ߥᯏ㑐߇ AP ࡊࡠࠣ࡜ࡓࠍࠃࠅ⊒ዷߐߖࠆߚ߼ߩᡰេ╷ࠍ⻠ߓߡ޿ࠆߎߣߦ㐓ߺࠆߣ㧘หࡊࡠࠣ࡜ࡓ߳ෳടߔࠆ↢ᓤߩᢙߪߎࠇ߆ࠄᦝߦჇടߔࠆߎߣ
߇⠨߃ࠄࠇࠆ‫ߩࠇߙࠇߘޕ‬㜞ᩞߢ㐿⸳ߔࠆ AP ⑼⋡ߩᢙ߽Ⴧ߃ࠆߢ޽ࠈ߁‫ߒ߆ߒޕ‬㧘AP ࡊࡠࠣ࡜ࡓࠍ᜛ᄢߒ㧘ߘߩ⑼⋡ᢙࠍჇടߐߖߡ޿ߌ߫㧘ᒰὼߩߎߣߥ߇ࠄ⾰ߩ໧㗴ߦ⓭߈ᒰߚࠆ‫ޕ‬ߘߩኻ╷ߩ৻ߟߣߒߡࠞ࡟࠶ࠫࡏ࡯࠼߇⻠ߓߡ޿ࠆߎߣߪ㧘AP ⑼⋡ߩࠪ࡜ࡃࠬࠍឭ಴ߐߖ㧘ክᩏߔࠆߎߣߢ޽ࠆ‫ߩߎޕ‬ክᩏࠍࡄࠬߔࠆߎߣߦࠃߞߡߘߩ AP ⑼⋡ߪ౏⊛ߦᛚ⹺ߐࠇߚߎߣ
ߦߥࠅ㧘↢ᓤߩᚑ❣⸽᣿ᦠߢߩ AP ጁୃᱧ߽ᗧ๧ࠍ߽ߟࠃ߁ߦߥࠆߩߢ޽ࠆ‫ޕ‬ ߽ߜࠈࠎ㧘ࠪ࡜ࡃࠬࠃࠅ߽㊀ⷐߥὐߪ㧘AP ⑼⋡ࠍᜂᒰߔࠆᢎຬߩ⾰ߢ޽ࠆ‫࡯ࡏࠫ࠶࡟ࠞޕ‬࠼ߪ㧘ᓐࠄߩኾ㐷ᕈࠍ㜞߼ࠆߚ߼ߦ㧘ࡢ࡯࡚ࠢࠪ࠶ࡊ߿ᄐᦼ⻠⠌ߩᯏળࠍᄙߊ⸳ߌ㧘ߐࠄߦࡢ࡯࡚ࠢࠪ࠶ࡊߦ㑐ߒߡߪ㧘ෳടߢ߈ߥ޿ੱߦ߽ࠝࡦ࡜ࠗࡦߢߘߩౝኈࠍ㑛ⷩߢ߈ࠆࠃ߁᦭ᢱߢ
౏㐿ߒߡ޿ࠆ‫ߡߞࠃߦࠄࠇߎޕ‬ᢎຬߩ⾰ࠍዋߒߢ߽ะ਄ߐߖ㧘ߘࠇ߇ AP ⑼⋡ߩ᝼ᬺታ〣ࠍᡷༀߐߖ㧘ߐࠄߦߪ㜞ᩞᢎ⢒ో૕ࠍะ਄ߐߖࠆߎߣߦߥࠆߣࠞ࡟࠶ࠫࡏ࡯࠼ߪ⠨߃ߡ޿ࠆߩߢ޽ࠆ‫ޕ‬ ߚߛߒ㧘ክᩏ೙ᐲߦࠃߞߡ⹺ቯߐࠇߚ AP ⑼⋡ࠍ㐿⸳ߒߡ޿ߥ޿㜞ᩞߢ߽㧘AP ⹜㛎ࠍታᣉߔࠆߎߣ߇น⢻ߢ޽ࠆߣ޿߁ὐߪ㊀ⷐߢ޽ࠆ‫ ߩߘޕ‬AP ⹜㛎ߦߟ޿ߡߪᰴ┨ߢߺߡ޿ߊߎߣߦߔ
ࠆ‫ޕ‬


‫ޣ‬ᵈ‫ޤ‬A, B, C, D 㜞ᩞߢߩࠗࡦ࠲ࡆࡘ࡯⺞ᩏࠃࠅ‫ޕ‬C 㜞ᩞᩞ㐳߳ߩࠗࡦ࠲ࡆࡘ࡯⺞ᩏࠃࠅ‫ޕ‬
3 B High School (2004). 2004-2005 Student Handbook.
4 A 㜞ᩞߢ෼㓸ߒߚ⾗ᢱࠃࠅ‫ޕ‬
5 College Board (2008). The 4th Annual AP Report to the Nation.
6 College Board (2008). Offering AP.
<http://professionals.collegeboard.com/k-12/assessment/ap/offer>
7 College Board (2007). Advanced Placement Report to the Nation 2007.
8 College Board (2008). Review Process.
<http://apcentral.collegeboard.com/apc/public/courses/teachers_corner/51268.html>
1
2― 49 ―

9

The Chronicle of Higher Education, November 16, 2007. Two-Thirds of AP Courses Pass

Official Muster.
College Board (2008). Review Process.
<http://apcentral.collegeboard.com/apc/public/courses/teachers_corner/51268.html>
11 Education Week, November 29, 2006. College Board Readies Plans For AP Audits.
12 Education Week, July 27, 2005. To Maintain Rigor, College Board to Audit All AP
Courses.
13 Ibid.
14 Education Week, November 29, 2006. College Board Readies Plans For AP Audits.
15 Ibid.
16 College Board (2008). BIOLOGY Course Description.
<http://apcentral.collegeboard.com/apc/public/repository/ap07_bio_coursedesc.pdf>
17 Ibid.
18 Ꮉญੳᔒ‫☨ޟ‬࿖ߩࠕ࠼ࡃࡦࠬ࠻࡮ࡊ࡟ࠗࠬࡔࡦ࠻࡮ࡊࡠࠣ࡜ࡓ‫ޠ‬‫ޡ‬ᣣᧄᲧセᢎ⢒ቇળ♿ⷐ‫ޢ‬
10 ภ㧘1984 ᐕ㧘96 㗁‫ޕ‬
19 College Board (2008). 2005 AP Teacher Standards.
<http://apcentral.collegeboard.com/apc/public/repository/ap05_teacherstandards_46509.
pdf>
20 Ibid.
21 Ibid.
22 Ibid.
23 College Board (2008). Workshop and Summer Institutes.
<http://professionals.collegeboard.com/prof-dev/workshops>
24 College Board (2008). AP Central-Institutes 㧒Workshops-.
<http://apcentral.collegeboard.com/apc/Pageflows/InstitutesAndWorkshops/
VwDetailEvent.do?eventid=5299>
25 PACIFIC AP INSTITUTE (2008). Registration Fees. <http://www.pacificap.org/cost.htm>
10― 50 ―

╙㧠┨ AP ⹜㛎ߣ⚿ᨐ

ዊ㊁ኹ 㚅
㧔᧲ർᄢቇ㧕
㧝㧚ߪߓ߼ߦ
㜞ᩞߢ AP ⑼⋡ࠍጁୃߒߚ↢ᓤߚߜߦߣߞߡᰴߦᓙߞߡ޿ࠆ߽ߩߪ AP ⹜㛎ߢ޽ࠆ‫ߥࠎߤޕ‬⹜㛎ߢ޽ࠇ㧘⹜㛎ࠍฃߌࠆߎߣ⥄૕ߪ⺕ߦߣߞߡ߽✕ᒛࠍᒝ޿ࠄࠇ㧘᳇ᜬߜߩ޿޿߽ߩߢߪߥ
޿‫ߒߛߚޕ‬㧘ߎߩ⹜㛎ߪ㧘නߦ⥄ಽߩജ߇ᄢቇ࡟ࡌ࡞ߦ㆐ߒߡ޿ࠆߩ߆ߤ߁߆߇᣿ࠄ߆ߦߥࠆ
ߛߌߢߪߥߊ㧘ᄢቇ౉ቇ⠪ㆬᛮᤨߦ߅޿ߡ㧘߹ߚᄢቇ౉ቇᓟߩන૏⹺ቯߣ޿߁ὐߦ߅޿ߡߘߩ
ᓟߦᄢ߈ߊᓇ㗀ߔࠆߣࠅࠊߌ㊀ⷐߥ⹜㛎ߣߥࠆ‫ ߦ․ޕ‬AP ⹜㛎ߩᚑ❣ߦࠃߞߡᄢቇߩන૏߇⹺
ቯߐࠇࠇ߫㧘↢ᓤߦߣߞߡߪᤨ㑆⊛ߦ߽⚻ᷣ⊛ߦ߽▵⚂ߔࠆߎߣ߇ߢ߈ࠆ‫ߚ߹ޕ‬㧘ࠞ࡟࠶ࠫࡏ
࡯࠼ߦߣߞߡ߽ AP ⹜㛎ߩ⚿ᨐߪ㜞ᩞ↢ߩቇജߩᛠី߿ AP ࡊࡠࠣ࡜ࡓߩᡷༀߦᓎ┙ߟ᦭⋉ߥ࠺࡯࠲ࠍឭଏߒߡߊࠇࠆᄢ੐ߥ߽ߩߣߥࠆ‫ޕ‬ߎߩ AP ⹜㛎ߪᲤᐕ 5 ᦬ߦታᣉߐࠇࠆ‫ ╙ޕ‬2 ┨ߢ⸒෸ߒߚࠃ߁ߦ㧘⃻࿷ AP ࡊࡠࠣ࡜ࡓ߳ߩ
ෳടᒻᘒߪᄙ᭽ൻߒߡ޿ࠆ߇㧘ߤߩࠃ߁ߥࡊࡠ࠮ࠬࠍ⚻ࠃ߁ߣ߽㧘ߘߩᚑᨐࠍ᷹ቯߔࠆߩߪో
࿖౒ㅢߩ AP ⹜㛎ߢ޽ࠆߣ޿߁ὐߢ౏ᐔᕈࠍ଻ߞߡ޿ࠆ‫ߪߢ┨ᧄޕ‬㧘↢ᓤߦߣߞߡ߽ࠞ࡟࠶ࠫ
ࡏ࡯࠼ߦߣߞߡ߽㊀ⷐߥߎߩ AP ⹜㛎ߦߟ޿ߡ㧘ߘߩࡊࡠ࠮ࠬ߿⹜㛎ౝኈ╬ࠍ⹦⚦ߦ⸒෸ߒߡ
޿ߊߎߣߦߔࠆ‫ޕ‬

㧞㧚#2 ⹜㛎ߩᵹࠇ㧔㧝㧕ฃ㛎ߩᚻ⛯߈AP ⹜㛎ࠍฃߌࠆߦ޽ߚࠅ㧘㜞ᩞߢ AP ⑼⋡ࠍጁୃߔࠆߎߣ߇ߘߩ೨ឭ᧦ઙߣߪߥߞߡ޿ߥ޿
ߎߣߪᵈᗧߔࠆᔅⷐ߇޽ࠆ‫ߡߞ߇ߚߒޕ‬㧘ࡎ࡯ࡓࠬࠢ࡯࡞ߩ↢ᓤ߿ AP ⑼⋡ࠍ㐿⸳ߒߡ޿ߥ޿
㜞ᩞߦ࿷☋ߔࠆ↢ᓤߢ߽ AP ⹜㛎ࠍฃߌࠆߎߣߪน⢻ߢ޽ࠆ‫ߒߛߚޕ‬㧘AP ⹜㛎ߩ↳ߒㄟߺߦߟ
޿ߡߪቇᩞන૏ߢⴕࠊࠇߡ߅ࠅ㧘଻⼔⠪߿↢ᓤ߇⋥ធࠞ࡟࠶ࠫࡏ࡯࠼ߦ↳⺧ߔࠆߎߣߪߢ߈ߥ
޿ߚ߼㧘଀߃߫ࡎ࡯ࡓࠬࠢ࡯࡞ߩ↢ᓤ߿ AP ⑼⋡ࠍ㐿⸳ߒߡ޿ߥ޿㜞ᩞߦㅢ߁↢ᓤߩ႐วߪ㧘ㄭ㓞ߩ㜞ᩞࠍㅢߒߡ↳ߒㄟ߻ߎߣߦߥࠆ‫ޕ‬ቇᩞߦࠃߞߡߪᄖㇱ⠪ߩ AP ⹜㛎ߩઍℂ↳⺧ࠍฃߌઃߌߥ޿ߣߎࠈ߽޽ࠆߩߢ㧘ߘߩࠃ߁ߥ႐วߪߘߩᚻ⛯߈ࠍⴕߞߡ߽ࠄ߃ࠆ㜞ᩞࠍฦ⥄ߢតߔᔅⷐ߇޽ࠆ‫ߚ߹ޕ‬㧘AP ⹜㛎ߩฃ㛎⠪ߩዋߥ޿ቇᩞߪ㧘ㄭ㓞ߩቇᩞߣ౒หߢ⹜㛎ࠍታᣉߔࠆߎ
ߣ߽޽ࠆ‫ޕ‬AP ⹜㛎ߩ↳ㄟߺߩᦨ⚳✦߼ಾࠅߪ 4 ᦬ 10 ᣣߢ޽ࠅ㧘ߎߩᣣࠍㆊ߉ࠆߣ↳ߒㄟ߻㓙ߦ 50 ࠼࡞૛ಽߦᡰᛄࠊߥߊߡߪߥࠄߥߊߥࠆ‫ߚ߹ޕ‬㧘4 ᦬ 17 ᣣએ㒠ߪ↳ߒㄟߺࠍ৻ಾฃߌ

― 51 ―

ઃߌߥ޿ߩߢᵈᗧ߇ᔅⷐߢ޽ࠆ‫ޕ‬㜞ᩞߢ AP ⹜㛎ࠍታᣉߔࠆߦ޽ߚߞߡ㊀ⷐߥᓎഀࠍᨐߚߔߩ߇㧘AP ࠦ࡯࠺ࠖࡀ࡯࠲࡯ߢ޽ࠆ‫ޕ‬╙ 3 ┨ߢ⸒෸ߒߚߣ߅ࠅ㧘AP ࠦ࡯࠺ࠖࡀ࡯࠲࡯ߪ㜞ᩞߦ߅ߌࠆ AP ࡊࡠࠣ࡜ࡓߩ⽿છ⠪ߢ޽ࠅ㧘AP ⹜㛎ߩ↳ㄟߺ㧘AP ⹜㛎⋙〈ቭߩᚻ㈩㧘ฃ㛎ᢱߩᓽ෼╬ࠍⴕߞߡ޿ࠆ‫ߚ߹ޕ‬㧘ࡎ࡯ࡓࠬࠢ࡯࡞ߩ↢ᓤ߿ AP ⑼⋡ࠍ㐿⸳ߒߡ޿ߥ޿㜞ᩞߦㅢ߁↢ᓤߦኻߒߡ AP ⹜㛎ߩᣣᤨ߿႐ᚲ╬ߩᔅⷐߥᖱႎߩឭଏ߿㧘ฃ㛎ᢱߩᓽ෼߽ⴕ߁‫ߩߘޕ‬㓙㧘▤ℂ⾌ߣߒߡㅢᏱࠃࠅ߽㜞޿ฃ㛎ᢱࠍᓐࠄߦኻߒߡⷐ᳞ߔࠆߎߣ߽ߢ߈ࠆ‫ޕ‬
2008 ᐕߦ߅ߌࠆ AP ⹜㛎ߩฃ㛎ᢱߪ 1 ⑼⋡ߦߟ߈ 84 ࠼࡞ߢ޽ࠅ㧘ߘߩ߁ߜ 8 ࠼࡞ߪ▤ℂ⾌
ߣߒߡฦ㜞ᩞߦ⚊߼ࠄࠇߚ߇㧘2009 ᐕߦߪ 86 ࠼࡞߳ߣᄌᦝߐࠇࠆ੍ቯߢ޽ࠆ‫ޕ‬ᒰὼߩߎߣߥ
߇ࠄߎߩ㗵ߪ᳿ߒߡ቟޿߽ߩߢߪߥ޿‫ޕ‬AP ⹜㛎ᒰᣣ㧘ฃ㛎⠪߇╩⸥↪ౕએᄖߦ↪ᗧߔࠆ߽ߩߪ㧘ᤨ⸘㧔ฃ㛎ળ႐ߦᤨ⸘߇ߥ޿႐ว
߇޽ࠆߚ߼㧕
㧘㔚ථ㧔‫ޟ‬ᢙቇ‫ޟ߿ޠ‬ൻቇ‫ޠ‬㧘‫‛ޟ‬ℂቇ‫ޠ‬㧘‫⸘⛔ޟ‬ቇ‫ ߩޠ‬AP ⹜㛎ࠍฃ㛎ߔࠆ㓙ߦᔅⷐߣߥࠆ㧕㧘ID ࠞ࡯࠼㧔࿷☋㜞ᩞ߇ AP ⹜㛎ࠍታᣉߒߥ޿↢ᓤߪᔅⷐ㧕ߣߥߞߡ޿ࠆ‫ޕ‬AP ⹜㛎ߩ⸃╵↪⚕ߦߪ㧘ฃ㛎੍ቯߩᄢቇฬ߽⸥౉ߢ߈ࠆ‫ߩߘޕ‬႐ว㧘↢ᓤߩ AP ⹜㛎ߩᚑ❣ߪ㧘⸥౉ߐࠇߚᄢቇ߳ㇷㅍߐࠇࠆߎߣߦߥࠆ߇㧘AP ⹜㛎ฃ㛎ߩ㓙ߦ⸃╵↪⚕ߦᦠ߆ߥ߆ߞߚᄢቇ߳ᚑ❣
ࠍᓟߢㅍઃߔࠆߎߣ߽น⢻ߢ޽ࠆ㧔ߚߛߒߘߩ႐วߪ᦭ᢱߣߥࠆ㧕‫ޕ‬㧔㧞㧕ฃ㛎ᢱᷫ㗵ភ⟎
╙ 3 ┨ߢ⸒෸ߒߚࠃ߁ߦ㧘㜞ᩞߢ㐿⸳ߔࠆ AP ⑼⋡ࠍጁୃߔࠆߦ޽ߚߞߡ․೎ߦ᝼ᬺᢱ߇⺖ߐࠇࠆߎߣߪߥ޿߇㧘AP ⹜㛎ߦߪ 1 ⑼⋡ߏߣߦ 84 ࠼࡞ߩฃ㛎ᢱࠍᡰᛄࠊߥߌࠇ߫ߥࠄߥ޿‫ޕ‬ߒ߆ߒ㧘ߎࠇ߇⽶ᜂߣߥߞߡ AP ⹜㛎ࠍฃߌࠄࠇߥ޿↢ᓤ߽಴ߡߊࠆ‫߼ߚߩߘޕ‬㧘ࠞ࡟࠶ࠫࡏ
࡯࠼ߪਥߦ࡜ࡦ࠴ࡊࡠࠣ࡜ࡓ㧔NationalSchoolLunchAct ߦḰ᜚ߒߡ㧘․ߦ⚻ᷣ⊛ߦ࿎㔍ߢ޽ࠆߣ್ᢿߐࠇࠆ↢ᓤߦߟ޿ߡߪ㧘1 ⑼⋡ߦߟ߈ 22 ࠼࡞ߩฃ㛎ᢱᷫ㗵ភ⟎ࠍ⻠ߓߡ޿ࠆ‫ߚ߹ޕ‬ߘߩࠃ߁ߥ↢ᓤߦ㑐ߒߡߪ㧘㜞ᩞ஥߽▤ℂ⾌ߣߒߡߩ 8 ࠼࡞ࠍᓽ෼ߒߥ޿‫ߡߞ߇ߚߒޕ‬㧘2009ᐕߦ߅޿ߡߘࠇߦ⹥ᒰߔࠆ↢ᓤߪ 1 ⑼⋡ߦߟ߈ 56 ࠼࡞ߩฃ㛎ᢱࠍᡰᛄ߁ߎߣߢ AP ⹜㛎ࠍฃ㛎ߔࠆߎߣ߇ߢ߈ࠆߎߣߦߥࠆ‫ޕ‬↢ᓤ߇ฃ㛎ᢱߩᷫ㗵ភ⟎ࠍฃߌࠆߚ߼ߦߪ㧘࿷ቇߔࠆ㜞ᩞߩ AP ࠦ࡯࠺ࠖࡀ࡯࠲࡯߇ᰴߩੑ
ߟߩᚻ⛯߈ࠍⴕ߁ᔅⷐ߇޽ࠆ‫ߕ߹ޕ‬㧘ฃ㛎ᢱᷫ㗵ភ⟎ߩኻ⽎ߣߥࠆ↢ᓤߩ╵᩺↪⚕ߦࠝࡊ࡚ࠪ
ࡦ 1 ߆ࠝࡊ࡚ࠪࡦ 2 ߩࡑ࡯ࠢᰣࠍၒ߼ࠆ‫ ࡦ࡚ࠪࡊࠝޕ‬1 ߦ⹥ᒰߔࠆߩߪ㧘ኅᣖ෼౉߇⽺࿎෼౉࡟ࡌ࡞㧔povertyincomelevel㧕ߩ 185㧑ࠍ⿥߃ߥ޿↢ᓤߢ޽ࠆ‫ ࡦ࡚ࠪࡊࠝߡߒߘޕ‬2 ߦ⹥ᒰߔࠆ↢ᓤߪ㧘ኅᣖ෼౉߇⽺࿎෼౉࡟ࡌ࡞ߩ 185㧑ߪ⿥߃ࠆ߇ 200㧑ߪ⿥߃ߥ޿ߎߣࠍᗧ๧ߔࠆ‫ޕ‬ᰴߦ㧘ฃ㛎ᢱᷫ㗵ߩኻ⽎ߣߥࠆ↢ᓤ߇ฃ㛎ߔࠆ AP ⹜㛎ߩᢙࠍ␜ߒ㧘ࠞ࡟࠶ࠫࡏ࡯࠼߳੐೨ߦ
ႎ๔ߔࠆᔅⷐ߇޽ࠆ‫ޕ‬ߚߛߒ㧘㜞ᩞ߇ AP ฃ㛎ᢱᷫ㗵ភ⟎ߩኻ⽎ߣߥࠆ↢ᓤࠍ᳿ቯߔࠆ㓙ߦ࡜ࡦ࠴ࡊࡠࠣ࡜ࡓએᄖ
ߩၮḰࠍ↪޿ࠆߎߣࠍᏗᦸߔࠆ႐วߪ㧘એਅߦ␜ߔၮḰ߇ㅪ㇌ᢎ⢒⋭㧔USDepartmentof― 52 ―

Education㧕ߦࠃߞߡ⹺߼ࠄࠇߡ޿ࠆ‫ޕ‬࡮ኅᣖ߇␠ળ଻㓚ᴺ࠲ࠗ࠻࡞Φࡄ࡯࠻ A ߩ߽ߣߢេഥࠍฃߌߡ޿ࠆ↢ᓤ‫ޕ‬࡮␠ળ଻㓚ᴺ࠲ࠗ࠻࡞ XIX ߩૐᚲᓧ⠪ක≮ᛔഥ೙ᐲߩ߽ߣߢක≮⵬ഥࠍฃߌߡ޿ࠆ↢ᓤ‫ޕ‬࡮ㅪ㇌⺞ᩏዪ㧔USCensusBureau㧕߇᳿ቯߒߚ⽺࿎࡟ࡌ࡞㧔povertylevel㧕ߩ 150㧑ࠍኅᣖ෼౉߇⿥߃ߥ޿↢ᓤ‫ޕ‬⴫ 4㧙1 ߪ㧘ㅪ㇌⺞ᩏዪ߇᳿ቯߒߚ⽺࿎࡟ࡌ࡞ߩ 150㧑ߦ޽ߚࠆኅᣖᐕ෼ࠍ㧘ኅᣖߩੱᢙߏߣ
ߦ␜ߒߚ߽ߩߢ޽ࠆ‫ޕ‬⴫㧠㧙㧝 ⽺࿎࡟ࡌ࡞ߩ 㧑ߦ޽ߚࠆᐕ෼㗵ኅᣖߩੱᢙ

ኅᣖߩᐕ෼

ኅᣖߩ෼౉㧔ࠕ࡜ࠬࠞᎺ㧕ኅᣖߩ෼౉㧔ࡂࡢࠗᎺ㧕1 ੱ

1 ਁ 5,315 ࠼࡞

1 ਁ 9,155 ࠼࡞

1 ਁ 7,625 ࠼࡞2 ੱ

2 ਁ 535 ࠼࡞

2 ਁ 5,680 ࠼࡞

2 ਁ 3,625 ࠼࡞

3 ੱ

2 ਁ 5,755 ࠼࡞

3 ਁ 2,205 ࠼࡞

2 ਁ 9,625 ࠼࡞

4 ੱ

3 ਁ 975 ࠼࡞

3 ਁ 8,730 ࠼࡞

3 ਁ 5,625 ࠼࡞

5 ੱ

3 ਁ 6,195 ࠼࡞

4 ਁ 5,255 ࠼࡞

4 ਁ 1,625 ࠼࡞

6 ੱ

4 ਁ 1,415 ࠼࡞

5 ਁ 1,780 ࠼࡞

4 ਁ 7,625 ࠼࡞

7 ੱ

4 ਁ 6,635 ࠼࡞

5 ਁ 8,305 ࠼࡞

5 ਁ 3,625 ࠼࡞

8 ੱ

5 ਁ 1,855 ࠼࡞

6 ਁ 4,830 ࠼࡞

5 ਁ 9,625 ࠼࡞಴ᚲ㧕College Board (2008). Advanced Placement Program (AP) 2008 Fee Reduction Policy.
<http://professionals.collegeboard.com/profdownload/2008-Fee-Reduction-Policy.pdf>ࠍ߽ߣߦ╩⠪૞ᚑ‫ޕ‬
਄⸥⴫ 4㧙1 ߢߪ㧘8 ੱએਅߩኅᣖߦߟ޿ߡߩߺ㧘ߘߩ⽺࿎࡟ࡌ࡞ߩ 150㧑ߦ޽ߚࠆᐕ෼ࠍ␜
ߒߡ޿ࠆ߇㧘ኅᣖߩੱᢙ߇ 8 ੱࠍ⿥߃ࠆ႐ว㧘1 ੱჇ߃ࠆߏߣߦࠕ࡜ࠬࠞߦߟ޿ߡߪ 6,525 ࠼࡞ࠍ㧘ࡂࡢࠗߦߟ޿ߡߪ 6,000 ࠼࡞ࠍ㧘ߘߩઁߩᎺߦߟ޿ߡߪ 5,220 ࠼࡞ࠍㅊടߒߡ޿ߌ߫㧘ߘߩ㗵߇⽺࿎࡟ࡌ࡞ߩ 150㧑ߦ޽ߚࠆ‫ޕ‬߹ߚ㧘ࠕࡔ࡝ࠞ࿖ౝߩ߶ߣࠎߤߩᎺߢ㧘ߎߩࠃ߁ߥࠞ࡟࠶ࠫࡏ࡯࠼ߦࠃࠆฃ㛎ᢱᷫ㗵ࠍ⵬߁ߚ߼ߩ⵬ഥ㊄ࠍ⸳ߌߡ޿ࠆ‫⵬ߩߘޕ‬ഥ㊄ߩࠪࠬ࠹ࡓߪᎺߏߣߦ⇣ߥࠆ߇㧘ߘࠇߦ㑐ߔࠆᖱႎߪ
Ფᐕᤐߦฦ㜞ᩞߩ AP ࠦ࡯࠺ࠖࡀ࡯࠲࡯ߦㅢ⍮ߐࠇࠆ‫ߚ߹ޕ‬㧘ࠞ࡟࠶ࠫࡏ࡯࠼ߩ࠙ࠚࡉࠨࠗ࠻
ߢ߽㑛ⷩน⢻ߢ޽ࠆ‫ࠕ࠾࡞ࠜࡈ࡝ࠞ߫߃଀ޕ‬Ꮊᢎ⢒ዪ㧔CaliforniaDepartmentofEducationߢߪ㧘ᰴߩੑߟߩࠞ࠹ࠧ࡝࡯ߦ⹥ᒰߔࠆ㜞ᩞ↢ߦኻߒߡ㧘AP ฃ㛎ᢱߩ⵬ഥ㊄ࠍ੤ઃߒߡ޿ࠆ‫ޕ‬৻ߟ⋡ߪ㧘ࠞ࡟࠶ࠫࡏ࡯࠼ߦࠃࠆ AP ฃ㛎ᢱᷫ㗵ߩኻ⽎ߣߥߞߡ޿ࠆ↢ᓤߦኻߒߡߢ޽ࠆ‫ޕ‬ᓐࠄߦኻߒߡ㧘ࠞ࡝ࡈࠜ࡞࠾ࠕᎺߪ AP ⹜㛎 1 ⑼⋡ߏߣߦᦨᄢ 49࠼࡞ࠍ⵬ഥߒߡ޿ࠆ‫ޕ‬ੑߟ⋡ߪኅᣖߩ෼౉߇⽺࿎✢ߩ 185㧑ߪ⿥߃ࠆ߇ 200㧑ߦߪḩߚߥ޿↢ᓤߦኻߒߡߢ޽ࠆ‫ࠜࡈ࡝ࠞޕ‬― 53 ―

࡞࠾ࠕᎺߪ㧘ߎࠇࠄߩ↢ᓤߦኻߒߡ AP ⹜㛎 1 ⑼⋡ߏߣߦᦨᄢ 71 ࠼࡞ࠍ⵬ഥߒߡ޿ࠆ‫ޕ‬ߐࠄߦ㧘ㅪ㇌᡽ᐭߪᲤᐕ AP ࡊࡠࠣ࡜ࡓߦ㑐ߔࠆ⵬ഥ㊄ߣߒߡ㧘AP ⹜㛎ฃ㛎ᢱᷫ㗵ࡊࡠࠣ࡜ࡓ AdvancedPlacementTestFeeProgram ࠍฦᎺߦ੤ઃߒߡ޿ࠆ‫ߪࠇߎޕ‬㧘ૐᚲᓧጀߩᄙ
ߊߩ↢ᓤࠍ AP ࡊࡠࠣ࡜ࡓߦෳടߐߖࠆߚ߼ߦ⵬ഥ㊄ࠍ੤ઃߒߡ޿ࠆᎺߩ⽷Ḯࠍ⵬߁߽ߩߢ޽
ࠆ‫ߥ߁ࠃߩߎޕ‬ㅪ㇌ߦࠃࠆ⵬ഥ㊄ߩലᨐߪᄢ߈ߊ㧘ߎࠇߦࠃߞߡ AP ࡊࡠࠣ࡜ࡓ߳ෳടߔࠆૐ
ᚲᓧጀߩ↢ᓤᢙߪᐕ‫ޘ‬Ⴧടߒߡ߈ߚ‫ ⴫ޕ‬4㧙2 ߪ㧘AP ⹜㛎ࠍฃߌߚ౏┙㜞ᩞߦㅢ߁ૐᚲᓧጀߩ
↢ᓤᢙߩផ⒖ࠍ⴫ߒߚ߽ߩߢ޽ࠆ‫ޕ‬⴫㧠㧙㧞 #2 ⹜㛎ࠍฃߌߚ౏┙㜞ᩞߦㅢ߁ૐᚲᓧጀߩ↢ᓤᢙᐕᐲAP ⹜㛎ࠍฃߌߚૐᚲᓧጀߩ↢ᓤᢙ

1999

87,149

2000

92,083

2001

105,138

2002

132,459

2003

157,334

2004

187,691಴ᚲ㧕U.S. Department of Education (2008). ESEA: Advanced Placement – FY 2006.
<http://www.ed.gov/about/reports/annual/2006plan/edlite-g2eseaadvancedplace.html>

⴫ 4㧙2 ߆ࠄ㧘౏┙㜞ᩞߦ߅޿ߡ AP ⹜㛎ࠍฃߌࠆૐᚲᓧ⠪ጀߩ↢ᓤᢙ߇㧘৻⽾ߒߡჇട௑ะ
ߦ޽ࠆߎߣ߇ࠊ߆ࠆ‫ޕ‬1999 ᐕߦߪ AP ⹜㛎ࠍฃ㛎ߔࠆૐᚲᓧጀߩ↢ᓤߩᢙߪ 8 ਁ 7,149 ੱߢ޽ߞߚ߇㧘2001 ᐕߦߪ 10 ਁੱࠍ⿥߃ߡ޿ࠆ‫ߚ߹ޕ‬㧘2002 ᐕߦߪ 13 ਁੱ߹ߢ㆐ߒ㧘2004 ᐕߦ
ߪ 18 ਁ 7,691 ੱߩ↢ᓤ߇ AP ⹜㛎ࠍฃ㛎ߒߡ޿ࠆ‫ޕ‬1999 ᐕ߆ࠄ 2004 ᐕ߹ߢߩ 5 ᐕ㑆ߢ㧘AP⹜㛎ࠍฃ㛎ߔࠆૐᚲᓧጀߩ↢ᓤߩᢙߪ 2 ୚એ਄Ⴧടߒߡ޿ࠆߩߢ޽ࠆ‫ߦ߁ࠃߩߎޕ‬㧘ࠞ࡟࠶ࠫࡏ࡯࠼㧘Ꮊ㧘ߘߒߡㅪ㇌᡽ᐭߪ AP ⹜㛎ߩฃ㛎ᢱࠍᷫ㗵ߔࠆߎߣߦࠃߞߡ㧘ૐᚲᓧጀߩ↢ᓤߦ߽ߘߩᯏળࠍឭଏߔࠆߣ޿߁㊀ⷐߥᓎഀࠍᨐߚߒߡ޿ࠆߩߢ޽ࠆ‫ޕ‬
㧔㧟㧕#2 ⹜㛎ߩࠬࠤࠫࡘ࡯࡞
AP ⹜㛎ߪ㧘Ფᐕ 5 ᦬ߦో࿖৻ᢧߦታᣉߐࠇࠆ‫ోޕ‬ㇱߢ 37 ߩ AP ⑼⋡߇޽ࠆ߇㧘ࠞ࡟࠶ࠫࡏ
࡯࠼ߪ 2 ㅳ㑆߆ߌߡ㧘ߘࠇࠄోߡߩ⑼⋡ߦߟ޿ߡ⹜㛎ࠍታᣉߔࠆ‫ߒߛߚޕ‬㧘‫ޟ‬2D ࠺ࠩࠗࡦ‫ޠ‬㧘‫ޟ‬3D ࠺ࠩࠗࡦ‫ޠ‬㧘‫ ߩޠ↹✢ޟ‬3 ⑼⋡ߪࠬ࠲ࠫࠝࠕ࡯࠻ߣߒߡ߹ߣ߼ߡหߓᤨ㑆ౝߦ⹜㛎߇ⴕࠊࠇࠆ‫ޕ‬2008 ᐕߩ AP ⹜㛎ߪ 5 ᦬ 5 ᣣ߆ࠄ 5 ᦬ 16 ᣣ߹ߢߩ 2 ㅳ㑆ߦࠊߚߞߡታᣉߐࠇߚ‫ߩߘޕ‬ౕ૕⊛ߥࠬࠤࠫࡘ࡯࡞ࠍ␜ߒߚߩ߇⴫ 4㧙3 ߢ޽ࠆ‫ޕ‬

― 54 ―

表４－３ AP 試験のスケジュール（2008 年）

午前の部（8 時）
5 月 5 日（月） アメリカ政治学

午後の部（12
比較政治学
フランス語

5 月 6 日（火） 情報科学 A

統計学

情報科学 ABスペイン語
5 月 7 日（水） 微積分 AB

中国語・文化微積分 BC
5 月 8 日（木） 英文学・作文
ドイツ語
5 月 9 日（金） アメリカ史

日本語・文化
フランス文学
ヨーロッパ史スタジオアート

5 月 12 日（月） 生物学
音楽理論
5 月 13 日（火） 環境科学

物理学 B

物理学 C:電気学・磁気学

物理学 C；力学
心理学

化学
5 月 14 日（水） イタリア語・文化

芸術史

英語・作文
5 月 15 日（木） マクロ経済学

ミクロ経済学世界史
5 月 16 日（金） 人文地理学
スペイン文学

ラテン文学
ラテン；ウェルギリウス

出所）College Board (2008). Exam Calendar and Fees.
<http://apcentral.collegeboard.com/apc/public/exam/calendar/index.html>をもとに筆者作成。

表 4－3 から，1 日に行われる AP 試験の科目数は 3 つから 5 つとなっていることがわかる。
また，同じ分野の科目は同じ日に実施されていることもわかる。例えば 5 月 7 日の午前中には「微積分 AB」と「微積分 BC」の AP 試験が行われ，5 月 9 日の午前には「アメリカ史」，午
後には「ヨーロッパ史」の試験が実施された。また，5 月 12 日の午後には，「物理学 B」，「物
理学 C：力学」，「物理学 C：電気学・磁気学」の試験が行われている。AP 試験の開始時刻は，午前の部については 8 時からとなっている。午後の部についてはほとんどの科目が 12 時に開始し，「物理学 C:電気学・磁気学」に関しては 14 時から開始する。このように AP 試験の開始
時刻のみ明確に設定されているのは，試験時間が各科目によって異なっているからである。概― 55 ―

して言えば，AP 試験の時間は 2 時間から 3 時間とかなり長いものとなっている。
原則として，受験者はあらかじめ定められた AP 試験の日程で受験するが，やむを得ない事
情があれば，後日行われる追試験を受けることができる。その場合は追加料金として 40 ドルを支払う必要がある。ただし，追加料金を支払わずに追試験を受けられる場合もあり，それはAP 試験の日程が州テストや IB の試験日程と重なった場合，緊急の怪我や病気にかかった場合，選挙や自然災害によって学校が閉校となった場合，そして受験予定の複数の AP 科目の試験日
程が重複した場合である。一方，追加料金 40 ドルを支払う必要があるのは，州テストや IB 以外の試験の日程と AP 試験の日程が重複した場合，申し込みの過程でミスが生じた場合，地方の決定により学校が閉校する場合である。ただし，そのような場合でも，AP 受験料減額措置の対象となっている生徒に関しては，追加料金の 40 ドルを負担する必要はない。
2008 年度の AP 追試験は，5 月 20 日から 22 日までの 3 日間で実施された。その具体的なス
ケジュールを示したのが表 4－4 である。
表４－４ AP 追試験のスケジュール（2008 年）

午前の部（8 時）
5 月 20 日（水） ドイツ語

午後の部（12
比較政治学

マクロ経済学

英語・作文

音楽理論

環境科学

統計学

フランス語

アメリカ政治学

ミクロ経済学アメリカ史

世界史

5 月 21 日（木） 微積分 AB

化学

微積分 BC

中国語・文化情報科学 A

ヨーロッパ史情報科学 AB

人文地理学

フランス文学スペイン語

5 月 22 日（金） 英文学・作文

芸術史

イタリア語・文化

生物学

日本語・文化

ラテン文学

物理学 B

ラテン；ウェルギリウス

心理学

物理学 C；力学

物理学 C：電気学・磁気学

スペイン文学出所）College Board (2008). Late-Testing Schedule.
<http://professionals.collegeboard.com/testing/ap/coordinate/late/schedule>をもとに筆者作成。

― 56 ―

⴫ 4㧙4 ߆ࠄ㧘AP ㅊ⹜㛎ߪ㕖Ᏹߦ࠲ࠗ࠻ߥࠬࠤࠫࡘ࡯࡞ߢታᣉߐࠇߡ޿ࠆߎߣ߇ࠊ߆ࠆ‫ޕ‬ㅢᏱࠬࠤࠫࡘ࡯࡞ߢߪ㧘1 ᣣߦ 3 ߆ࠄ 5 ⑼⋡ߩ AP ⹜㛎߇ⴕࠊࠇߡ޿ߚߩߦኻߒ㧘ㅊ⹜㛎ߢߪ 1ᣣߦߟ߈ 10 ⑼⋡޽ࠆ޿ߪ 12 ⑼⋡߇ታᣉߐࠇߡ޿ࠆ‫ߒߛߚޕ‬㧘⹜㛎ߩ㐿ᆎᤨೞߦߟ޿ߡߪㅢᏱ
ࠬࠤࠫࡘ࡯࡞ߣห᭽ߢ㧘ඦ೨ߩㇱߪ 8 ᤨߦ㐿ᆎߔࠆ‫ޕ‬ඦᓟߪ߶ߣࠎߤߩ⑼⋡ߩ⹜㛎ߪ 12 ᤨߦ㐿ᆎߒ㧘‫‛ޟ‬ℂ C㧦㔚᳇ቇ࡮⏛᳇ቇ‫ߦޠ‬㑐ߒߡߪ 14 ᤨߦ⹜㛎߇㐿ᆎߔࠆࠃ߁ߦࠬࠤࠫࡘ࡯࡞߇
⚵߹ࠇߡ޿ࠆ‫ޕ‬AP ⹜㛎ࠍታᣉߔࠆ႐ᚲߦߟ޿ߡߪߘࠇߙࠇߩ㜞ᩞ߇᳿ቯߒ㧘㜞ᩞߩᢎቶ߿࿑ᦠ㙚㧘޽ࠆ޿ߪࠞࡈࠚ࠹࡝ࠕߢⴕࠊࠇࠆ႐ว߇߶ߣࠎߤߢ޽ࠆ‫ߒ߆ߒޕ‬㧘㜞ᩞߦࠃߞߡߪ㧘଀߃߫ࠦࡒࡘ࠾
࠹ࠖ࠮ࡦ࠲࡯㧘ᢎળ㧘ࡎ࠹࡞㧘౏౒࿑ᦠ㙚㧘޽ࠆ޿ߪㄭ㓞ߩᄢቇࠍ೑↪ߔࠆ႐ว߽޽ࠆ‫ޕ‬

㧟㧚#2 ⹜㛎ߩ▤ℂ
㧔㧝㧕#2 ⹜㛎ߩ૞㗴⠪AP ⹜㛎ߩౝኈߪ㧘╩⸥⹜㛎ߣࡐ࡯࠻ࡈࠜ࡝ࠝߩੑߟߦᄢ೎ߐࠇࠆ‫⹜⸥╩ޕ‬㛎ߦߟ޿ߡߪ㧘‫ޟ‬2D ࠺ࠩࠗࡦ‫ޠ‬㧘‫ޟ‬3D ࠺ࠩࠗࡦ‫ޠ‬㧘‫ ߩޠ↹✢ޟ‬3 ⑼⋡ࠍ㒰ߊోߡߩ⑼⋡ߩ AP ⹜㛎߇⹥ᒰߒ㧘ၮᧄ⊛ߦᄙ⢇ㆬᛯᑼߩ໧㗴ߣ⸥ㅀᑼߩ໧㗴ࠍ฽ࠎߢ޿ࠆ‫ߒߛߚޕ‬㧘⸒⺆⑼⋡ߩ AP ⹜㛎ߦߟ޿ߡߪ╩⸥⹜㛎ߦട߃ߡࠬࡇ࡯ࠠࡦࠣ㧘‫ޟ‬㖸ᭉℂ⺰‫ ߩޠ‬AP ⹜㛎ߦߟ޿ߡߪ㖸ࠍ⡞߈ขߞߡ᱌߁࠹
ࠬ࠻߽ⴕࠊࠇࠆ‫ޕ‬ᄙ⢇ㆬᛯᑼߩ໧㗴ߪ㧘߶ߣࠎߤ߇ 5 ᛯ޽ࠆ޿ߪ 4 ᛯߢ޽ࠅ㧘ᄢቇᢎຬ߇૞㗴ߒߡ޿ࠆ‫৻ޕ‬ᣇ㧘⸥ㅀᑼߩ໧㗴ߪ AP 㐿⊒ᆔຬળ㧔APDevelopmentCommittees㧕ߩࡔࡦࡃ࡯߇૞㗴ߒߡ޿ࠆ‫ޕ‬ߎߩ AP 㐿⊒ᆔຬળߪ㧘ㅢᏱ 6 ੱ߆ࠄ 8 ੱߩ㜞ᩞᢎຬߣᄢቇᢎຬ߆ࠄ᭴ᚑߐࠇߚ⚵❱ߢ޽ࠆ‫ޕ‬߹ߚߎߩᆔຬળߪ㧘⸥ㅀᑼ໧㗴ߩ૞ᚑߩߺߥࠄߕ㧘ᄙ⢇ㆬᛯ໧㗴ߣ⸥ㅀ໧㗴ࠍวࠊߖߚ AP ⹜㛎ో૕ࠍ࠴ࠚ࠶ࠢߒ㧘ߘࠇ߇ AP ⑼⋡ߩ⋡⊛ߦᴪߞߡ޿ߡ৻⽾ᕈߩ޽ࠆ߽ߩߣߥߞߡ޿ࠆ߆ߤ
߁߆ߩክᩏ߽ⴕ߁‫ޕ‬৻ᣇ㧘ࡐ࡯࠻ࡈࠜ࡝ࠝߦࠃߞߡ⹏ଔࠍⴕ߁ AP ⑼⋡ߪ㧘‫ޟ‬2D ࠺ࠩࠗࡦ‫ޠ‬㧘‫ޟ‬3D ࠺ࠩࠗࡦ‫ޠ‬㧘‫ ߩޠ↹✢ޟ‬3 ⑼⋡ߢ޽ࠆ‫ࠍࠝ࡝ࠜࡈ࠻࡯ࡐޕ‬ឭ಴ߔࠆ㓙ߩၮḰߪ㧘AP 㐿⊒ᆔຬળ߇᳿ቯߒߡ
޿ࠆ‫ߦ߁ࠃߩߎޕ‬㧘╩⸥⹜㛎ߢ޽ࠇࡐ࡯࠻ࡈࠜ࡝ࠝߢ޽ࠇ㧘ోߡߩ AP ⹜㛎ߪᄢቇߩᢎຬߣ AP⑼⋡ࠍᜂᒰߔࠆ㜞ᩞߩᢎຬ߇ㅪ៤ߒߡ✎ኒߦ૞㗴ߒߡ޿ߊ‫߼ߚߩߘޕ‬㧘AP ⹜㛎ߪ㜞ᩞ↢߇ᄢቇ࡟ࡌ࡞ߩቇജࠍ᦭ߒߡ޿ࠆ߆ุ߆ࠍ್ቯߔࠆߎߣ߇น⢻ߢ޽ࠆߣ⸒߃ࠆߩߢ޽ࠆ‫ޕ‬
㧔㧞㧕#2 ⹜㛎ߩណὐߣ⹏ଔ
╩⸥⹜㛎ࠍⴕ߁ AP ⹜㛎ߦ㑐ߒߡ㧘ᄙ⢇ㆬᛯᑼ໧㗴ߩណὐߪࠦࡦࡇࡘ࡯࠲ߦࠃߞߡⴕࠊࠇࠆ‫ޕ‬ߘߩ㈩ὐߪ 1 ໧ 1 ὐߣߥߞߡ޿ࠆ߇㧘✚วὐߦ㑐ߒߡߪ㧘5 ᛯߩ໧㗴ߦߟ޿ߡߪᱜ╵ᢙ߆ࠄ⺋╵ᢙߩ 4 ಽߩ 1 ࠍᒁ޿ߡ▚಴ߒߡ޿ࠆ‫ޕ‬㧔ᱜ╵ᢙ 㧙0.25㧔⺋╵ᢙ㧕㧩✚วᓧὐߎߎߢ⺋╵ᢙߩ 4 ಽߩ 1 ࠍᷫߕࠆߩߪ㧘߅ߑߥࠅߦㆬᛯߒߚ႐วࠍ⠨ᘦߒᐔဋߒߡ 0 ߦߥࠆ― 57 ―

ࠃ߁ߦߔࠆߚ߼ߢ޽ࠆ‫ޕ‬ㆬᛯ⢇߇ 5 ߟ޽ࠆߣ߈㧘ߘߩਛ߆ࠄㆡᒰߦ⸃╵ࠍㆬߴ߫ 5 ಽߩ 1 ߇ᱜ╵ߢ㧘5 ಽߩ 4 ߇⺋╵ߢ޽ࠆ㧔଀߃߫ 100 㗴ߥࠄ߫ 20 ᱜ╵㧘80 ⺋╵㧕‫ࠍࠇߎޕ‬਄ߩࠃ߁ߦ⸘▚ߔࠇ߫㧘20㧙0.2580㧩0 ߢ㧘0 ὐߦߥࠆ‫ߩߎޕ‬ᣇᴺߪ㧘‫ޟ‬ᒰߡߕߞ߸߁ߦㆬࠎߢ߽ 20 ὐߪ߽ࠄ߃ࠆ‫߁޿ߣޠ‬ฃ㛎↢ߩ⠨߃ࠍᡷ߼ߐߖ㧘⥄ାࠍ߽ߞߡ⸃ߌࠆ໧㗴ߛߌࠍ╵߃ߐߖࠆߣ޿߁ఝ
ࠇߚ㕙ࠍ߽ߞߡ޿ࠆ‫ޕ‬ห᭽ߦ㧘4 ᛯߩ໧㗴ߩ✚วὐᢙߩ▚಴ߦ޽ߚߞߡߪ㧘ᱜ╵ᢙ߆ࠄ⺋╵ᢙ
ߩ 3 ಽߩ 1 ࠍᒁ޿ߡ޿ࠆ‫ߡߒ߁ߎޕ‬㧘ㆡᒰߦ⸃╵ߒߚ໧㗴߇㧘ᄙ⢇ㆬᛯᑼ໧㗴ߩ✚วᓧὐߦᓇ
㗀ࠍਈ߃ߥ޿ࠃ߁ߦߒߡ޿ࠆߩߢ޽ࠆ‫ޕ‬৻ᣇ㧘⸥ㅀ໧㗴╬ߪ㧘AP ណὐቭ㧔APReading㧕߇ណὐࠍⴕߞߡ޿ࠆ‫ ߩߎޕ‬AP ណὐቭߣߪ㧘߅ࠃߘ 1 ਁੱߩᄢቇᢎຬߣ AP ⑼⋡ࠍᜂᒰߔࠆ㜞ᩞᢎຬ߆ࠄ᭴ᚑߐࠇߡ߅ࠅ㧘ᓐࠄߪᕈ೎㧘ੱ⒳㧘ᢎຬߣߒߡߩ⚻㛎ᐕᢙ╬ߩࡃ࡜ࡦࠬࠍ⠨ᘦߒߡㆬ಴ߐࠇࠆ‫ޕ‬ᓐࠄߪ㧘500 ਁએ਄ߩࠛ࠶࠮
ࠗ㧘ᐢ▸࿐ߦࠊߚࠆ໧㗴㧘࠹࡯ࡊߦ㍳㖸ߐࠇߚ⸃╵㧘ߘߒߡࠬ࠲ࠫࠝࠕ࡯࠻ߩࡐ࡯࠻ࡈࠜ࡝ࠝ
ࠍ⹏ଔߔࠆߚ߼ߦ㧘Ფᐕ 6 ᦬ߦ㓸วߔࠆ‫ࡈ࡯࠴ߩߘޕ‬㧔ChiefLeaders㧕ߪ㧘AP ⹜㛎ߩណὐߦ㑐ߔࠆ⚻㛎߇⼾ንߥᄢቇߩᢎຬ߇ോ߼㧘AP ⹜㛎ߩណὐ߇౏ᐔߢ৻⽾ᕈࠍ଻ߟߎߣߦ⽿છࠍ⽶߁‫ߚ߹ޕ‬㧘ណὐቭߩࡔࡦࡃ࡯ߩㆬ಴߿ណὐၮḰߩᡷༀ㧘ណὐࡊࡠ࠮ࠬߩ⋙〈㧘⹜㛎ߩ⚛ὐࠍ AP⹜㛎ᚑ❣㧔1 ߆ࠄ 5 ߹ߢߩ 5 Ბ㓏⹏ଔ㧕߳឵▚ߔࠆዤᐲߩ᳿ቯ߽ⴕ߁‫ޕ‬ ណὐၮḰߦߟ޿ߡߪ㧘߹ߕߪ AP 㐿⊒ᆔຬળ߇ߘࠇߙࠇߩ⑼⋡ߩ⸥ㅀᑼ໧㗴ߦ㑐ߔࠆណὐၮ
Ḱߩࠟࠗ࠼࡜ࠗࡦࠍ૞ᚑߔࠆ‫ߩߘޕ‬ᓟ㧘ណὐᜰើ⠪ߣ AP ߩኾ㐷ኅ㧔APContent'xperts㧕߇㓸߹ࠅ㧘࡜ࡦ࠳ࡓߦㆬࠎߛ↢ᓤߩ⸃╵ࠍታ㓙ߦណὐߔࠆߎߣߦࠃߞߡࠟࠗ࠼࡜ࠗࡦߩᡷༀࠍⴕ
޿㧘ᦨ⚳⊛ߦ᳿ቯߔࠆ‫ޕ‬AP ⹜㛎ߩ⚛ὐࠍ 1 ߆ࠄ 5 ߹ߢߩ 5 Ბ㓏⹏ଔߦ឵߃ࠆዤᐲߦߟ޿ߡߪ㧘Ფᐕ㧘⸥ㅀ໧㗴ߩណὐ߇⚳ࠊࠆߣ㧘ߘߩᐕߩ⹜㛎ߦ㑐ߔࠆ⛔⸘⊛࠺࡯࠲ࠍ⴫ߒ㧘ߤߩߊࠄ޿ߩ
⚛ὐ߇ AP ⹜㛎ߩᚑ❣ߩ 1 ߆ࠄ 5 ߦ⋧ᒰߔࠆ߆ߣ޿߁ߎߣࠍ᳿ቯߔࠆ‫ޕ‬AP ⹜㛎ߩᚑ❣ࠍ᳿ቯߔࠆ㓙ߦ㧘ᄙ⢇ㆬᛯᑼߩ໧㗴ߣ⸥ㅀᑼߩ໧㗴ߦ߅߆ࠇࠆᲧ㊀ߪ⑼⋡ߦࠃߞߡ⇣ߥࠆ߇㧘ᄙߊߩ႐วߪ߶߷╬ߒߊߥߞߡ޿ࠆ‫ޕ‬ᄙ⢇ㆬᛯᑼ໧㗴ߩਛߦߪ㧘ߘߩᐕߣ⠉ᐕߩὐᢙߩ⛔⸘⊛ᮡḰൻࠍⴕ߁ߚ߼ߦ㧘Ფᐕ಴㗴ߐࠇࠆ߽ߩ߽޽ࠆ‫ޕ‬ࠞ࡟࠶ࠫࡏ࡯࠼ߪ AP ⹜㛎ߩᚑ❣ߦ㑐ߒߡᰴߩࠃ߁ߥ⷗ᣇࠍߒߡ޿ࠆ‫ߕ߹ޕ‬㧘AP ⹜㛎ߩ⚿ᨐ
߇ 5 ߢ޽ࠇ߫㧘ߘࠇߪᄢቇߦ߅ߌࠆᚑ❣ߢ⸒߃߫ A ߦ⹥ᒰߒ㧘ห᭽ߦ 4 ߪ A㧘B 㧘޽ࠆ޿ߪ
B ߦ⹥ᒰߒ㧘ߘߒߡ 3 ߪ B㧘C 㧘޽ࠆ޿ߪ C ߦ⹥ᒰߔࠆ‫ࠅ߹ߟޕ‬㧘ࠞ࡟࠶ࠫࡏ࡯࠼ߪ AP ⹜㛎ߢ 3 એ਄ߩᚑ❣ࠍ෼߼ߚ↢ᓤߦߟ޿ߡߪ㧘ᄢቇ࡟ࡌ࡞ߦ㆐ߒߡ޿ࠆߣ್ᢿߒߡ޿ࠆߩߢ޽ࠆ‫ޕ‬ߒ߆ߒ㧘╙ 5 ┨ߢ⸒෸ߔࠆ߇㧘ၮᧄ⊛ߦ AP ࡊࡠࠣ࡜ࡓߦኻߔࠆฦᄢቇߩᣇ㊎ߪᄢቇߏߣߦ᳿
ቯߐࠇࠆߚ߼㧘න૏ࠍ⹺ቯߔࠆ AP ⑼⋡߿ᚑ❣ߪᄢቇߦࠃߞߡ⇣ߥࠆߩߢ޽ࠆ‫ޕ‬

㧠㧚#2 ⹜㛎ߩ໧㗴㧔㧝㧕‫ޟ‬#2 ࠕࡔ࡝ࠞผ‫⹜ߩޠ‬㛎 ߶ߣࠎߤߩ⑼⋡ߩ AP ⹜㛎ߪ㧘ᄙ⢇ㆬᛯᑼߣ⸥ㅀᑼߩ໧㗴߆ࠄ᭴ᚑߐࠇࠆ╩⸥⹜㛎ߢ޽ࠆߣ޿߁ߎߣߪᣢߦ␜ߒߚ߇㧘ታ㓙ߦ಴㗴ߐࠇࠆ⹜㛎ߪౕ૕⊛ߦߤߩࠃ߁ߥ߽ߩߢ޽ࠈ߁߆‫ߎߎޕ‬― 58 ―

ߢߪ㧘2007 ᐕߦฃ㛎⠪ߩᢙ߇ᦨ߽ᄙ߆ߞߚ‫ࠞ࡝ࡔࠕޟ‬ผ‫ౕߡ޿ߟߦޠ‬૕⊛ߦߺߡ޿ߊߎߣߦߔ
ࠆ‫ޕ‬‫ޟ‬AP ࠕࡔ࡝ࠞผ‫⹜ޠ‬㛎ߩ໧㗴଀㧔ᄙ⢇ㆬᛯᑼ㧕
1.AlexanderHamilton’seconomicprogramwasdesignedprimarilyto A preparetheUnitedStatesforwarintheeventBritainfailedtovacateitspostsintheNorthwest B provideaplatformforthefledglingFederalistParty’s1792campaign C establishthefinancialstabilityandcreditofthenewgovernment D ensurenortherndominanceoverthesouthernstatesinordertoabolishslaveryE winbroadpoliticalsupportforhisowncandidacyin1792


4.Thegraphaboverefuteswhichofthefollowingstatements!
 A ThereweremoreBlackpeoplethanWhitepeopleintheantebellumSouth B Mostsouthernfamiliesheldslaves C Mostsouthernfamilieslivedinruralareas D ThesouthernpopulationwasmuchsmallerthanthatoftheNorth E Slaveholderswereanextremelypowerfulgroup಴ᚲ㧕College Board (2008). UNITED STATES HISTORY Course Description.
<http://apcentral.collegeboard.com/apc/public/repository/ap07_ushist_coursedesc.pdf>

― 59 ― ‫ޟ‬AP ࠕࡔ࡝ࠞผ‫⹜ߩޠ‬㛎ߩ಴㗴▸࿐ߪ㧘࡛࡯ࡠ࠶ࡄੱߦࠃࠆᬀ᳃߆ࠄ⃻࿷ߦ⥋ࠆ߹ߢߩࠕ
ࡔ࡝ࠞߩ᡽ᴦ⚵❱߿ߘߩേะ㧘౏౒᡽╷㧘␠ળ⊛⚻ᷣ⊛ᄌൻ㧘ߘߒߡᄖ੤㑐ଥ╬ߦࠊߚߞߡ޿
ࠆ߇㧘ਥߦ 19 ਎♿߆ࠄ 20 ਎♿ߦ㑐ߔࠆ໧㗴߇ᄙߊ಴㗴ߐࠇࠆ௑ะߦ޽ࠆ‫⹜ޕ‬㛎ᤨ㑆ߪ㧘ో૕
ߢ 3 ᤨ㑆 5 ಽߢ޽ࠆ‫ߜ߁ߩߘޕ‬ᄙ⢇ㆬᛯᑼߩ໧㗴ߦ޽ߡࠄࠇࠆߩߪ 55 ಽ㑆ߢ㧘80 㗴ߩ໧㗴߇಴㗴ߐࠇࠆ‫ޕ‬਄⸥ߩ଀߆ࠄ᣿ࠄ߆ߥߣ߅ࠅ㧘‫ޟ‬AP ࠕࡔ࡝ࠞผ‫⹜ޠ‬㛎ߩᄙ⢇ㆬᛯᑼߩ໧㗴ߪ 5 ᛯߣߥߞߡ߅
ࠅ㧘໧㗴 1 ߩࠃ߁ߦ⍮⼂ࠍ໧߁߽ߩ߇ᄙ޿߇㧘ਛߦߪ໧㗴 4 ߩࠃ߁ߦ㧘ࠣ࡜ࡈࠍߺߡᱜߒߊ࠺
࡯࠲ࠍ⺒ߺขࠅ㧘ಽᨆߔࠆ⢻ജࠍ᷹ቯߔࠆ໧㗴߽฽߹ࠇߡ޿ࠆ‫ޕ‬‫ޟ‬AP ࠕࡔ࡝ࠞผ‫⹜ޠ‬㛎ߩᚑ❣
߇ 3 ߢ޽ࠆߚ߼ߦߪ㧘ᄙ⢇ㆬᛯᑼ໧㗴ߩ 60㧑ߩ໧㗴ߦᱜߒߊ⸃╵ߒߥߊߡߪߥࠄߥ޿‫ޕ‬ ৻ᣇ㧘⸥ㅀᑼ໧㗴ߩᤨ㑆ߪ 130 ಽ㑆ߢ㧘ߘߩౝኈߪࡄ࡯࠻ A ߆ࠄࡄ࡯࠻ C ߹ߢߩ 3 ㇱߦಽ߆ࠇߡ޿ࠆ‫ ࠻࡯ࡄޕ‬A ߪᢥᦠࠍ㗴᧚ߣߒߚࠛ࠶࠮ࠗ໧㗴㧔documentbasedessayquestion㧦
DBQ ߢ㧘ోߡߩ↢ᓤ߇⸃╵ߒߥߊߡߪߥࠄߥ޿‫ ࠻࡯ࡄޕ‬A ߢߪ㧘↢ᓤ߇ࠛ࠶࠮ࠗࠍᦠߊߦ޽
ߚߞߡෳ⠨ߣߥࠆ A ߆ࠄ J ߩ 10 ߩᢥᦠ߇␜ߐࠇߡ߅ࠅ㧘↢ᓤߪߎࠇࠄߩᢥᦠߦ␜ߐࠇߚౝኈ
ߣ㧘⥄ಽ⥄り߇ᜬߞߡ޿ࠆ⍮⼂ࠍ✚วߒߡ㚂የ৻⽾ߒߚࠛ࠶࠮ࠗࠍᦠߊ‫ޕ‬DBQ ߩ⸃╵ᤨ㑆ߪ
45 ಽ㑆ߢ޽ࠆ‫ ࠻࡯ࡄޕ‬A ߩౕ૕⊛ߥ໧㗴ߪ㧘એਅߩߣ߅ࠅߢ޽ࠆ‫ޕ‬ ‫ޟ‬AP ࠕࡔ࡝ࠞผ‫⹜ޠ‬㛎ߩ໧㗴଀㧔⸥ㅀᑼ໧㗴ࡄ࡯࠻ A㧕
1.ࡈ࡜ࡦࠢ࡝ࡦ࡮D࡮࡞࡯࠭ࡌ࡞࠻᡽ᮭ߇ᛂߜ಴ߒߚᄢᕟᘓߦኻߔࠆ᡽╷ࠍಽᨆߖࠃ‫ࠄࠇߎޕ‬ߩ᡽╷ߪ㧘ߤߩࠃ߁ߥὐߢലᨐ߇޽ߞߚ߆‫ߚ߹ޕ‬㧘࡞࡯࠭ࡌ࡞࠻᡽ᮭߪㅪ㇌᡽ᐭߩᓎഀࠍߤߩ
ࠃ߁ߦᄌ߃ߚ߆‫ޕ‬એਅߦ␜ߔ A ߆ࠄ J ߩᢥᦠߩౝኈߣ㧘1929 ᐕ߆ࠄ 1941 ᐕ߹ߢߩᤨઍߦ㑐ߒߡ⥄ಽ߇᦭ߔࠆ⍮⼂ࠍᵴ↪ߒߡ⸃╵ߖࠃ‫ޕ‬
಴ᚲ㧕College Board (2008). UNITED STATES HISTORY Course Description.
<http://apcentral.collegeboard.com/apc/public/repository/ap07_ushist_coursedesc.pdf>ࠍ߽ߣߦ╩⠪૞ᚑ‫ޕ‬໧㗴ߩᜰ␜ߦ߽޽ࠆࠃ߁ߦ㧘ࡄ࡯࠻ A ߩ໧㗴ߦߪ A ߆ࠄ J ߩᢥᦠ߇␜ߐࠇߡ޽ࠆ‫ޕ‬ߘࠇߦߪ㧘࡞࡯࠭ࡌ࡞࠻᡽ᮭߦ㑐ߔࠆ␠⺑߿ᒰᤨߩᤨઍ⢛᥊ࠍ⺑᣿ߔࠆ࡜ࠫࠝ᡼ㅍߩౝኈ╬߇޽ࠆ‫ޕ‬ฃ㛎⠪ߪ㧘ߎࠇࠄߩᢥᦠ߆ࠄ⺒ߺขࠆߎߣ߇ߢ߈ࠆߐ߹ߑ߹ߥᖱႎࠍขࠅ౉ࠇߥ߇ࠄ╵᩺ࠍ૞ᚑߒ
ߡ޿ߊߩߢ޽ࠆ‫ޕ‬৻ᣇ㧘ࡄ࡯࠻ B ߣࡄ࡯࠻ C ߦߪ㧘ߘࠇߙࠇ 2 ߟߩ໧㗴߇฽߹ࠇߡ޿ࠆ‫ޕ‬ฃ㛎⠪ߪ 70 ಽߩ㑆ߦࡄ࡯࠻ߏߣߦ৻㗴ߕߟㆬᛯߒߡ⸃╵ߔࠆ‫ޕ‬ߘߩౕ૕⊛ߥౝኈߣߒߡ㧘ࡄ࡯࠻ C ߩ໧㗴ࠍ␜ߔ‫ޕ‬એਅߩߣ߅ࠅ㧘ߎߎߢߪ໧㗴 4 ߆໧㗴 5 ߩߤߜࠄ߆৻ᣇߦ⸃╵ߔࠇ߫ࠃ޿ߎߣߦߥࠆ‫ߚ߹ޕ‬㧘
ࡄ࡯࠻ C ߢߪ㧘ࡄ࡯࠻ A ߩࠃ߁ߦࠛ࠶࠮ࠗࠍᦠߊߩߦෳ⠨ߣߥࠆᢥᦠߪ␜ߐࠇߥ޿ߚ߼㧘⥄ಽߩᜬߞߡ޿ࠆ⍮⼂ࠍ✚േຬߒߡ⸃╵ߔࠆߎߣߦߥࠆ‫ޕ‬‫ޟ‬AP ࠕࡔ࡝ࠞผ‫⹜ޠ‬㛎ߩᚑ❣ߦභ߼ࠆᄙ⢇ㆬᛯᑼ໧㗴ߣ⸥ㅀᑼ໧㗴ߩὐᢙߩᲧ㊀ߪ 50㧑ߕ

― 60 ―

ߟߢ޽ࠆ‫ߚ߹ޕ‬㧘⸥ㅀᑼ໧㗴ߦߟ޿ߡߪࡄ࡯࠻ A ߩ DBQ ߪ 45㧑ࠍභ߼㧘ࡄ࡯࠻ B ߣࡄ࡯࠻ Cߩੑߟߩࠛ࠶࠮ࠗߪวࠊߖߡ 55㧑ߢ޽ࠆ‫ޕ‬ ‫ޟ‬AP ࠕࡔ࡝ࠞผ‫⹜ޠ‬㛎ߩ໧㗴଀㧔⸥ㅀᑼ໧㗴ࡄ࡯࠻ C㧕
4.ධർᚢ੎߇᡽ᴦ⊛࡮⚻ᷣ⊛⊒ዷߦਈ߃ߚᓇ㗀ࠍ㧘ධㇱ㧘ർㇱ㧘⷏ㇱߩਃߟߩ࿾ၞߩਛ߆ࠄ
ੑߟࠍㆬࠎߢ⺑᣿ߖࠃ‫ᤨޕ‬ઍߪ㧘1865 ᐕ߆ࠄ 1900 ᐕ߹ߢߩ㑆ߦὶὐࠍ޽ߡߡ⸃╵ߖࠃ‫ޕ‬
5. ੱ⒳㑐ଥ㧘ᅚᕈߩᓎഀ㧘ᶖ⾌⠪ㆇേߩਃߟߩਛ߆ࠄੑߟߦ⌕⋡ߒߡ 1920 ᐕઍߣ 1950 ᐕઍߩࠕࡔ࡝ࠞ␠ળࠍᲧセߖࠃ‫ޕ‬
಴ᚲ㧕College Board. (2008). UNITED STATES HISTORY Course Description.
<http://apcentral.collegeboard.com/apc/public/repository/ap07_ushist_coursedesc.pdf>ࠍ߽ߣߦ╩⠪૞ᚑ‫ޕ‬㧔㧞㧕‫ޟ‬#2 ᓸⓍಽ‫⹜ߩޠ‬㛎AP ࡊࡠࠣ࡜ࡓߩᢙቇ⑼⋡ߦߪ‫ޟ‬ᓸⓍಽ AB‫ޟߣޠ‬ᓸⓍಽ BC‫߇ࠆ޽߇ޠ‬㧘‫ޟ‬ᓸⓍಽ BC‫ޟߪޠ‬ᓸ
Ⓧಽ AB‫ߩޠ‬ᔕ↪⑼⋡ߢ޽ࠆ‫⹜ߩࠄࠇߘޕ‬㛎ߪ㧘‫ࠞ࡝ࡔࠕޟ‬ผ‫⹜ߩޠ‬㛎ߣห᭽ߦ㧘‫ޟ‬ᓸⓍಽ AB‫ޠ‬ߣ‫ޟ‬ᓸⓍಽ BC‫ ߩޠ‬AP ⹜㛎߽ 2 ߟߩ࠮࡚ࠢࠪࡦ߆ࠄ᭴ᚑߐࠇߡ޿ࠆ‫ࡦ࡚ࠪࠢ࠮ޕ‬Σߪ㧘ߐ߹ߑ߹ߥ࠻ࡇ࠶ࠢߦ㑐ߔࠆᄙ⢇ㆬᛯᑼߩ໧㗴ߣߥߞߡ߅ࠅ㧘࠮࡚ࠢࠪࡦΤߪ㧘໧㗴⸃᳿⢻ജࠍ᷹ࠆ⸥ㅀᑼߩ໧㗴ߣߥߞߡ޿ࠆ‫⹜ޕ‬㛎ᤨ㑆ߪ㧘ో૕ߢ 3 ᤨ㑆 15 ಽߢ޽ࠆ‫ߜ߁ߩߘޕ‬㧘ᄙ⢇ㆬᛯᑼߩ໧㗴ߪ 105 ಽ㑆ߢ 45 ໧߇಴㗴ߐࠇࠆ‫ޕ‬ᄙ⢇ㆬᛯᑼߩ໧㗴ߪࡄ࡯࠻ A ߣࡄ࡯࠻ B ߦಽ߆ࠇߡ߅ࠅ㧘ࡄ࡯࠻ A ߢߪ 55 ಽ㑆ߦ 28 ໧߇಴㗴ߐࠇࠆ‫ޕ‬ߎߎߢߪ㔚ථࠍ૶↪ߔࠆߎߣߪߢ߈ߥ޿‫ޕ‬৻ᣇ㧘ࡄ࡯࠻ B ߢߪ 50 ಽ㑆ߦ 17 ໧߇಴㗴ߐࠇ㧘㔚ථߩ૶↪߇⹺߼ࠄࠇߡ޿ࠆ‫ޕ‬߹ߚ㧘⸥ㅀᑼߩ໧㗴߽ࡄ࡯࠻ A ߣࡄ࡯࠻ B ߩ 2 ߟߦಽ߆ࠇߡ޿ࠆ‫⹜ޕ‬㛎ᤨ㑆ߪో૕ߢ 90 ಽ㑆ߣߥߞߡ߅ࠅ㧘ว⸘ 6 㗴߇಴㗴ߐࠇࠆ‫ ࠻࡯ࡄޕ‬A ߢߪ 45 ಽ㑆ߦ 3 ໧߇಴㗴ߐࠇ㧘㔚ථߩ૶↪߇⹺߼ࠄࠇߡ޿ࠆ‫ ࠻࡯ࡄޕ‬B ߽ 45 ಽ㑆ߦ 3 ໧߇಴㗴ߐࠇࠆ߇㧘㔚ථߩ૶↪ߪ⹺߼ࠄࠇߥ޿‫ޕ‬߹ߚ㧘⹜㛎㐿ᆎ߆ࠄ 45 ಽ߇⚻ㆊߒ㧘ࡄ࡯࠻ B ߩ໧㗴ࠍ⸃ߊߴ߈ᤨ㑆ߦߥߞߡ߆ࠄ߽ࡄ࡯࠻ Aߩ໧㗴ࠍ⸃╵ߔࠆߎߣߪ⹺߼ࠄࠇࠆ߇㧘ߘߩ㓙ߦ㔚ථࠍ૶↪ߔࠆߎߣߪߢ߈ߥ޿‫ޕ‬AP ⹜㛎ߩᚑ❣ߪ㧘ᄙ⢇ㆬᛯᑼ໧㗴ߣ⸥ㅀᑼ໧㗴ߦหߓᲧ㊀߇⟎߆ࠇࠆ‫ߚ߹ޕ‬㧘‫ޟ‬ᓸⓍಽ AB‫ޠ‬ߩ AP ⹜㛎ߦ㑐ߒߡߪ㧘ߘߩ AP ⹜㛎ߩᓧὐએᄖߦࠨࡉࠬࠦࠕ㧔subscoregrade㧕߽ขᓧߢ߈
ࠆ‫ޟߪࠇߘޕ‬ᓸⓍಽ BC‫⹜ߩޠ‬㛎ࠍฃߌߚ↢ᓤߩ‫ޟ‬ᓸⓍಽ BC‫⹜ޠ‬㛎ߦ߅ߌࠆ‫ޟ‬AB‫ߩޠ‬ౝኈߦ޽ߚࠆㇱಽ㧔⹜㛎ߩ߅ࠃߘ 60%㧕ߩᚑ❣ߦၮߠ޿ߡ᳿ቯߐࠇࠆߎߣߦߥࠆ‫ޕ‬㧔㧟㧕‫ޟ‬#2 ᣣᧄ⺆࡮ᢥൻ‫⹜ߩޠ‬㛎 ‫ޟ‬AP ᣣᧄ⺆࡮ᢥൻ‫⹜ߩޠ‬㛎ߪ㧘ᣣᧄߩᢥൻߦ㑐ߔࠆ⍮⼂߿࡝ࠬ࠾ࡦࠣജ㧘ࡊ࡟࠯ࡦ࠹࡯ࠪ
࡚ࡦജ╬ࠍ฽߻ᣣᧄ⺆ߢߩࠦࡒࡘ࠾ࠤ࡯࡚ࠪࡦ⢻ജࠍ᷹ࠆߎߣࠍ⋡⊛ߣߒߡ޿ࠆ‫⹜ޕ‬㛎ߪోߡࠦࡦࡇࡘ࡯࠲ߦࠃߞߡ▤ℂߐࠇࠆ‫ࠅ߹ߟޕ‬㧘↢ᓤߪࠬࠢ࡝࡯ࡦ਄ߢᣣᧄ⺆ࠍ⺒ߺ㧘ࡋ࠶࠼ࡈࠜ

― 61 ―

ࡦࠍㅢߒߡ⡞߈㧘ࠠ࡯ࡏ࡯࠼ߢᦠ߈㧘ࡑࠗࠢࡠࡈࠜࡦߦะ߆ߞߡ⹤ߔߩߢ޽ࠆ‫ޕ‬ฃ㛎⠪ߪ⹜㛎ਛߦࡔࡕࠍขࠆߚ߼ߦ⚕ࠍ↪޿ࠆߎߣߪߢ߈ࠆ‫ߪࠇߎޕ‬ណὐߦߪᓇ㗀ࠍਈ߃ߥ޿߇㧘⹜㛎ߩ⚳ੌߣหᤨߦ⹜㛎⋙〈ߦࠃߞߡ࿁෼ߐࠇࠆ‫⹜ޕ‬㛎ᤨ㑆ߪ㧘ో૕ߢ 2 ᤨ㑆 15 ಽߢ޽ࠆ‫⹜ޕ‬㛎ౝኈߪ㧘࠮࡚ࠢࠪࡦΣߣ࠮࡚ࠢࠪࡦΤߩ 2 ߟߦಽ߆ࠇߡ޿ࠆ‫ࡦ࡚ࠪࠢ࠮ޕ‬Σߦߪ㧘ᣣᧄ⺆ߩ࡝ࠬ࠾ࡦࠣജࠍ᷹ቯߔࠆࡄ࡯࠻ A ߣ㧘࡝࡯࠺ࠖࡦࠣജࠍ᷹ቯߔࠆࡄ࡯࠻ B ߇޽ࠆ‫ߚ߹ޕ‬㧘࠮࡚ࠢࠪࡦ
Τߪ㧘࡜ࠗ࠹ࠖࡦࠣജࠍ᷹ቯߔࠆࡄ࡯࠻ A ߣ㧘ࠬࡇ࡯ࠠࡦࠣജࠍ᷹ቯߔࠆࡄ࡯࠻ B ߦಽ߆ࠇߡ޿ࠆ‫ ⴫ޕ‬4㧙5 ߪ㧘⹜㛎ౝኈࠍࡄ࡯࠻ߏߣߦ␜ߒߚ߽ߩߢ޽ࠆ‫ޕ‬⴫㧠㧙㧡 ‫ޟ‬#2 ᣣᧄ⺆࡮ᢥൻ‫⹜ߩޠ‬㛎ౝኈ࠮࡚ࠢࠪࡦ
ࡄ࡯࠻ A㧦࠮࡚ࠢࠪࡦ ࡝ࠬ࠾ࡦࠣ
Σࡄ࡯࠻ B㧦໧㗴ߩౝኈ

໧㗴ᢙ

Ყ㊀

⹜㛎ᤨ㑆

25

20 ಽ

35 ߆ࠄ 40 㗴

25

60 ಽ

6 㗴

12.5

10 ಽ

1 㗴

12.5

20 ಽ

4 㗴

12.5

3 ಽ

1 㗴

12.5

7 ಽᣣᧄ⺆ߦࠃࠆ౏౒ࠕ࠽࠙ࡦࠬ߿࡜ࠫࠝ
᡼ㅍ㧘ળ⹤ߥߤࠍ⡞߈㧘ߘߩᓟ⾰໧ߦ╵ 30 ߆ࠄ 35 㗴߃ࠆ‫ޕ‬
ᣣᧄ⺆ߢᦠ߆ࠇߚ E ࡔ࡯࡞߿ᚻ⚕㧘ᣏⴕ࡝࡯࠺ࠖࡦࠣ ౠሶߥߤࠍ⺒ߺ㧘ߘߩᓟ⾰໧ߦ╵߃ࠆ‫ޕ‬ ᣣᧄੱߣળ⹤ࠍߒߡ޿ࠆ႐㕙ࠍᗐቯߒ㧘ࡄ࡯࠻ A㧦೙㒢ᤨ㑆ౝߦᣣᧄ⺆ߢ㄰੐ࠍᦠߊ‫ޕ‬࡜ࠗ࠹ࠖࡦࠣ ૗߆ੑߟߩ‛੐ࠍᲧセߒ㧘ߘߩ㘃ૃὐ߿࠮࡚ࠢࠪࡦ  Τ⋧㆑ὐߥߤࠍᣣᧄ⺆ߢ⺑᣿ߔࠆ‫ޕ‬ ᣣᧄੱߣળ⹤ࠍߔࠆ႐㕙ࠍᗐቯߒ㧘೙㒢ࡄ࡯࠻ B㧦ᤨ㑆ౝߦᣣᧄ⺆ߢ㄰╵ߔࠆ‫ޕ‬ࠬࡇ࡯ࠠࡦࠣ ᣣᧄߩᢥൻߦߟ޿ߡ⁛⥄ߩᗧ⷗ࠍㅀߴ ࠆࡊ࡟࠯ࡦ࠹࡯࡚ࠪࡦࠍⴕ߁‫ޕ‬

಴ᚲ㧕College Board (2008). JAPANESE LANGUAGE AND CULTURE Course Description.
<http://apcentral.collegeboard.com/apc/public/repository/ap08_japanese_coursedesc.pdf> ࠍ߽ߣߦ╩⠪૞ᚑ‫ޕ‬࠮࡚ࠢࠪࡦΣߦ฽߹ࠇࠆࡄ࡯࠻ A ߢߪ㧘ฃ㛎⠪ߪᣣᧄ⺆ߢ⹤ߐࠇࠆ౏౒ࠕ࠽࠙ࡦࠬ߿࡜ࠫࠝ
᡼ㅍߩ৻ㇱࠍ⡞߈㧘ߘࠇߦ㑐ߔࠆ⾰໧ߦኻߔࠆ╵߃ߣߒߡᱜߒ޿߽ߩࠍ྾ߟߩㆬᛯ⢇ߩਛ߆ࠄ
1 ߟㆬࠎߢ⸃╵ߔࠆ‫ߩࠣࡦ࠾ࠬ࡝ޕ‬໧㗴ߪ㧘30 ߆ࠄ 35 㗴߇಴㗴ߐࠇ㧘⹜㛎ᤨ㑆ߪ 20 ಽߣߥߞߡ޿ࠆ‫ ࠻࡯ࡄޕ‬B ߢߪ㧘ᣣᧄ⺆ߢᦠ߆ࠇߚ E ࡔ࡯࡞߿ᚻ⚕ࠍ⺒ߺ㧘ߘࠇ߆ࠄߘߩౝኈߦ㑐ߔࠆ⾰໧ߦ╵߃ࠆ‫ߪ╵⸃ޕ‬㧘྾ߟߩㆬᛯ⢇ߩਛ߆ࠄᱜߒ޿߽ߩࠍ 1 ߟㆬ߱ᒻᑼߣߥߞߡ޿ࠆ‫࡯࡝ޕ‬࠺ࠖࡦࠣߩ໧㗴ߪ㧘35 ߆ࠄ 40 㗴಴㗴ߐࠇ㧘⹜㛎ᤨ㑆ߪ 60 ಽ㑆ߢ޽ࠆ‫ࡦ࡚ࠪࠢ࠮ޕ‬Σߩ⹜㛎ᤨ㑆ߪ 1 ᤨ㑆 30 ಽߢ㧘ว⸘ 70 ໧߇಴㗴ߐࠇࠆ‫ߚ߹ޕ‬㧘AP ⹜㛎ߩᚑ❣ࠍ᳿ቯߔࠆ㓙ߦ⟎߆ࠇࠆᲧ㊀ߪ㧘ࡄ࡯࠻ A ߽ࡄ࡯࠻ B ߽ߘࠇߙࠇ 25㧑ߣߥߞߡ޿ࠆ‫ޕ‬― 62 ―

࠮࡚ࠢࠪࡦΤߪ㧘ో૕⊛ߦ↢ᓤ߇ਥ૕ߣߥߞߡᣣᧄ⺆ࠍᦠ޿ߚࠅ⹤ߒߚࠅߔࠆ⢻ജࠍ᷹ቯߔ
ࠆ‫ߡߞ߇ߚߒޕ‬㧘࠮࡚ࠢࠪࡦΣߩࠃ߁ߦⶄᢙߩㆬᛯ⢇ߩਛ߆ࠄ৻ߟㆬ߱ᒻᑼߢߪߥߊ㧘⥄↱ߦᦠ߈㧘⹤ߔౝኈߣߥߞߡ޿ࠆ‫ߚ߹ޕ‬㧘࠮࡚ࠢࠪࡦΤߢߪ㧘ߘࠇߙࠇߩࡄ࡯࠻ߏߣߦᄢ߈ߊ 2 ߟߩ໧㗴߇฽߹ࠇߡ޿ࠆ‫ ࠻࡯ࡄޕ‬A ߢߪ㧘߹ߕ㧘ᣣᧄੱߣળ⹤ࠍߒߡ޿ࠆ႐㕙ࠍᗐቯߒ㧘⋧ᚻ߆ࠄߩ⾰໧ߦᣣᧄ⺆ߢ╵߃ࠆ໧㗴߇޽ࠆ‫ޕ‬ฃ㛎⠪ߪ㧘⋧ᚻߩ⾰໧ߩᗧ࿑ࠍℂ⸃ߒ㧘ㆡಾߥ㄰੐ࠍ
ߔࠆߎߣ߇᳞߼ࠄࠇࠆ‫ޕ‬໧㗴ߪ 6 㗴ߢ㧘⸃╵ߩ೙㒢ᤨ㑆ߪ 1 㗴ߦߟ߈ 90 ⑽ߣߥߞߡ޿ࠆ‫ޕ‬໧㗴ߩ଀ߪએਅߦ␜ߔ‫ޕ‬‫ޟ‬AP ᣣᧄ⺆࡮ᢥൻ‫⹜ޠ‬㛎ߩ໧㗴଀㧔࠮࡚ࠢࠪࡦΤࡄ࡯࠻ A㧕㧝㧚Respond.
ߘࠇߢߪ㧘ࠃࠈߒߊ߅㗿޿ߒ߹ߔ‫ᦨޕ‬ೋߩ⾰໧ߢߔ‫ޕ‬ᄢቇࠍතᬺߒߡ߆ࠄ㧘ߤࠎߥ઀੐ࠍ
ߒߚ޿ߣ⠨߃ߡ޿߹ߔ߆㧫㧞㧚Respond.
ߘ߁ߢߔ߆‫ߪߢޕ‬㧘ᰴߩ⾰໧ߢߔ‫ޕ‬ᄢቇߪ૗ࠍኾ㐷ߦീᒝߒࠃ߁ߣᕁߞߡ޿߹ߔ߆㧫㧟㧚Describeaspecificexample.
ࠊ߆ࠅ߹ߒߚ‫ޕ‬ᰴߩ⾰໧ߢߔ߇㧘␠ળߦ಴ߡ߆ࠄ޽ߥߚ߇߿ࠅߚ޿઀੐ߩߚ߼ߦ੹㧘ߤࠎߥߎߣࠍߒߡ޿߹ߔ߆㧫㧠㧚Explainyouropinion.
ࠊ߆ࠅ߹ߒߚ‫ޕ‬ᰴߩ⾰໧ߦ޿߈߹ߒࠂ߁‫ߒ߽ޕ‬㧘ᄢቇߦ౉ࠆ೨ߦ 1 ᐕ㑆ભߺ߇ߣࠇࠆߣߒ
ߚࠄ㧘ߤࠎߥߎߣࠍߒߚ޿ߢߔ߆㧫㧡㧚Justifyyouropinion.
޽ߥߚߪ㧘㜞ᩞ↢߇තᬺߒߚᓟ㧘ߔߋߦᄢቇߦ౉ߞߚ߶߁߇޿޿ߣᕁ޿߹ߔ߆‫߽ߣࠇߘޕ‬ᄢቇߦ౉ࠆ೨ߦ৻ᐕ㑆ભࠎߛᣇ߇޿޿ߣᕁ޿߹ߔ߆㧫㧢㧚Askaspecificquestion.
޽ࠅ߇ߣ߁ߏߑ޿߹ߒߚ㧍ߣߎࠈߢ㧘ᣣᧄߩᄢቇߦߟ޿ߡ૗߆⾰໧߇޽ࠅ߹ߔ߆㧫಴ᚲ㧕College Board (2008). JAPANESE LANGUAGE AND CULTURE Course Description.
<http://apcentral.collegeboard.com/apc/public/repository/ap08_japanese_coursedesc.pdf>

― 63 ―

ᰴߦ㧘ࡄ࡯࠻ A ߦ฽߹ࠇࠆ߽߁৻ߟߩ໧㗴ߪ㧘2 ߟߩ‛੐ࠍᲧセߒ㧘ߘߩ㘃ૃὐ߿⋧㆑ὐ╬ࠍᣣᧄ⺆ߢ⺑᣿ߔࠆߣ޿߁߽ߩ߇޽ࠆ‫߫߃଀ޕ‬㧘ᣣᧄ⺆ࠍቇ⠌ߔࠆߎߣߣઁߩ⑼⋡ࠍቇ⠌ߔࠆߎߣࠍᲧセߒ㧘ߘߎ߆ࠄ⷗಴ߐࠇࠆ߽ߩߦߟ޿ߡᣣᧄ⺆ߢᦠߊߣ޿ߞߚౝኈߢ޽ࠆ‫ࠆߔ╵⸃ޕ‬㓙㧘୘ੱ⊛⚻㛎ߦၮߠ޿ߡߘࠇߙࠇߩ㕙ࠍዋߥߊߣ߽ 3 ߟ᜼ߍ㧘ᣣᧄ⺆ߣઁߩ⑼⋡ࠍቇ߱ߎߣ
ߩ㘃ૃὐ߿⋧㆑ὐࠍ᣿⏕ߦߔࠆᔅⷐ߇޽ࠆ‫ߚ߹ޕ‬㧘⥄ಽ߇ᅢ߈ߥᣇࠍㅀߴߡߘߩℂ↱߽␜ߐߥߊߡߪߥࠄߥ޿‫ޕ‬ሼᢙߪ 300 ሼ߆ࠄ 400 ሼએ਄ߢ㧘೙㒢ᤨ㑆ߪ 20 ಽߣߥߞߡ޿ࠆ‫ ࠻࡯ࡄޕ‬A
ߦ฽߹ࠇࠆ࡜ࠗ࠹ࠖࡦࠣߩ໧㗴ߪ⃻࿷ 7 㗴ߢ޽ࠆ߇㧘2009 ᐕ߆ࠄ 4 㗴ߦᷫዋߔࠆ‫ߩߎޕ‬ᄌᦝߪ㧘‫ޟ‬ਛ࿖⺆࡮ᢥൻ‫ ߩޠ‬AP ⹜㛎ߦߟ޿ߡ߽ห᭽ߢ޽ࠅ㧘࡜ࠗ࠹ࠖࡦࠣߩ໧㗴ᢙ߇ 7 ߆ࠄ 4 ߦᷫዋߔࠆ‫ޕ‬৻ᣇ㧘ࡄ࡯࠻ B ߢߪ㧘ᣣᧄੱߣળ⹤ࠍߔࠆ႐㕙ࠍᗐቯߒߡ⋧ᚻߣߩળ⹤ࠍⴕ߁‫ޕ‬ฃ㛎⠪߇⸃╵ߔࠆߩߪ 4 㗴ߢ㧘㍳㖸ߩ೙㒢ᤨ㑆ߪ 20 ⑽ߢ޽ࠆ‫ޕ‬ว⸘ᤨ㑆ߪ 3 ಽߣߥߞߡ޿ࠆ‫ޕ‬એਅߦ␜ߔ໧㗴ߩ଀ߪ㧘ᐫ㐳ߢ޽ࠆጊ↰ߐࠎߣࡄ࡯࠻ߩ઀੐ߦߟ޿ߡ⹤ߒߡ޿ࠆ႐㕙ߢ޽ࠅ㧘ฃ㛎⠪ߪጊ↰ߐࠎߣߩળ⹤߇ࠬࡓ࡯࠭ߦㅴ߻ࠃ߁ߥ㄰╵ࠍⴕ߁ࠃ߁ᔃ߇ߌࠆᔅⷐ߇޽ࠆ‫ޕ‬‫ޟ‬AP ᣣᧄ⺆࡮ᢥൻ‫⹜ޠ‬㛎ߩ໧㗴଀㧔࠮࡚ࠢࠪࡦΤࡄ࡯࠻ B㧕ጊ↰㧦ೋ߼߹ߒߡ㧘ࡈࠔࡒ࡝࡯ࡑ࡯ࠤ࠶࠻ߩጊ↰ߢߔ‫ޕ‬
20 ⑽
ጊ↰㧦੹ߎߜࠄߢߐ߇ߒߡ޿ࠆߩߪㅳᧃ߽᧪ࠄࠇࠆੱߥࠎߢߔ߇㧘᧪ࠄࠇࠆᦐᣣߣᤨ㑆ࠍᢎ߃ߡߊߛߐ޿‫ޕ‬
20 ⑽
ጊ↰㧦ߤߎ߆ࠬ࡯ࡄ࡯ࡑ࡯ࠤ࠶࠻ߩࠃ߁ߥᚲߢ௛޿ߚߎߣ߇޽ࠅ߹ߔ߆‫⚻ߩ࠻ࠗࡃ࡞ࠕޕ‬㛎ࠍ⹤ߒߡߊߛߐ޿‫ޕ‬
20 ⑽
ጊ↰㧦ߘ߁ߢߔ߆‫઀ߩ࠻࠶ࠤ࡯ࡑ࡯ࡄ࡯ࠬߩߎߪߢࠇߘޕ‬੐ߦߟ޿ߡ૗߆⾰໧ࠍߒߡߊߛߐ
޿‫ޕ‬
20 ⑽
಴ᚲ㧕College Board (2008). JAPANESE LANGUAGE AND CULTURE Course Description.
<http://apcentral.collegeboard.com/apc/public/repository/ap08_japanese_coursedesc.pdf>

ᰴߦ㧘ࡄ࡯࠻ B ߦ฽߹ࠇࠆ߽߁৻ߟߩ⺖㗴ߪ㧘ਈ߃ࠄࠇߚ࠻ࡇ࠶ࠢߦߟ޿ߡࡊ࡟࠯ࡦ࠹࡯ࠪ
࡚ࡦࠍⴕ߁ߎߣߢ޽ࠆ‫ᤨޕ‬㑆ߪో૕ߢ 7 ಽ㑆ߢ޽ࠆ‫ߕ߹ޕ‬㧘⥄ಽ߇ࡊ࡟࠯ࡦࠍⴕ߁࠻ࡇ࠶ࠢࠍ
ਈ߃ࠄࠇߚᓟߦ 4 ಽ㑆ߢࡊ࡟࠯ࡦߩḰ஻ࠍⴕ޿㧘ߘߩᓟߩ 2 ಽ㑆ߢߘߩౝኈߩ㍳㖸ࠍߔࠆ‫࠻ޕ‬ࡇ࠶ࠢߩౕ૕⊛ߥ଀ߣߒߡߪ㧘ᣣᧄߩ㘩ᢥൻߦߟ޿ߡ⁛⥄ߩᗧ⷗ࠍㅀߴࠆߣ޿߁߽ߩ߇޽ࠆ‫ޕ‬ߘߩ㓙㧘ᣣᧄߩ㘩ᢥൻߩ଀ࠍᦨૐ 5 ߟ᜼ߍߡࡊ࡟࠯ࡦ࠹࡯࡚ࠪࡦࠍⴕ߁ᔅⷐ߇޽ࠆ‫ޕ‬

― 64 ―

㧡㧚⹜㛎⚿ᨐ㧔㧝㧕ቇᐕ೎ฃ㛎⠪ߩഀว AP ⹜㛎ߩᚑ❣ߪᄢቇߢߩන૏ߣߒߡ⹺ቯߐࠇࠆߣ޿߁ߎߣࠍ⠨ᘦߔࠇ߫㧘ᒰὼ㜞ᩞߩᦨ⚳ቇᐕ㧔╙ 12 ቇᐕ㧕ߩ↢ᓤࠍኻ⽎ߣߒߡ޿ࠆߣ⠨߃ࠄࠇࠆ‫߇ࠈߎߣޕ‬ታ㓙ߦߪߘࠇએ೨ߩቇᐕ
ߢ߽߆ߥࠅߩ↢ᓤ߇ AP ⹜㛎ࠍฃߌߡ޿ࠆ‫ޕ‬એਅߩ⴫ 4㧙6 ߪ㧘AP ฃ㛎⠪ࠍቇᐕߏߣߦߘߩഀ
วࠍ␜ߒߚ߽ߩߢ޽ࠆ‫ޕ‬⴫㧠㧙㧢 ቇᐕ೎ #2 ฃ㛎⠪ߩഀว ╙ 9 ቇᐕ

╙ 10 ቇᐕ

╙ 11 ቇᐕ

╙ 12 ቇᐕ

ߘߩઁ

ੱᢥ࿾ℂቇ

43.3%

18.0%

13.4%

21.5%

3.9%

࡛࡯ࡠ࠶ࡄผ

0.4%

50.4%

16.1%

29.5%

3.6%

⧷⺆࡮૞ᢥ

0.0%

1.5%

81.2%

13.4%

3.8%

↢‛ቇ

0.9%

9.2%

37.4%

48.7%

3.8%

ᓸⓍಽ AB

0.1%

1.3%

18.3%

76.7%

3.7%

ൻቇ

0.1%

5.7%

51.7%

38.9%

3.7%

th಴ᚲ㧕College Board (2008). The 4 Annual AP Report to the Nation.ࠍ߽ߣߦ╩⠪૞ᚑ‫ޕ‬ ⴫ 4㧙6 ߆ࠄ㧘AP ฃ㛎⠪ߪ╙ 11 ቇᐕߣ╙ 12 ቇᐕߩ↢ᓤ߇භ߼ࠆഀว߇ᄢ߈޿ߣ޿߁ߎߣ߇
╙৻ߦࠊ߆ࠆ‫ߪࠇߎޕ‬㧘AP ࡊࡠࠣ࡜ࡓߪᄢቇ࡟ࡌ࡞ߩ⑼⋡ߢ޽ࠅ㧘㜞ᩞߢቇ߱ߴ߈ౝኈࠍචಽߦりߦߟߌߡ޿ࠆ↢ᓤ߇ෳടߔࠆ߽ߩߢ޽ࠆߎߣߦ㐓ߺࠇ߫ᒰὼߩ⚿ᨐߢ޽ࠆߣ⸒߃ࠃ߁‫ޕ‬଀߃߫㧘‫ޟ‬ᓸⓍಽ AB‫ߣࠆߺࠍޠ‬㧘AP ⹜㛎ࠍฃ㛎ߒߚ↢ᓤߩ߁ߜߩ 76.7%߇╙ 12 ቇᐕߩ↢ᓤߢ޽ࠆ‫ߦࠄߐޕ‬㧘ฃ㛎⠪ߩ 18.3%߇╙ 11 ቇᐕߩ↢ᓤߢ޽ࠅ㧘ోฃ㛎⠪ߩ 95%ࠍ 12 ቇᐕߣ 11 ቇᐕߩ↢ᓤߢභ߼ߡ޿ࠆߎߣߦߥࠆ‫ߚ߹ޕ‬㧘‫࡮⺆⧷ޟ‬૞ᢥ‫ ߪߢޠ‬11 ቇᐕߩ↢ᓤߩഀว߇ 81.2%ߣ
࿶ୟ⊛ߦᄙߊ㧘ߐࠄߦ 12 ቇᐕߩ↢ᓤ߇ 13.4%ࠍභ߼ߡ޿ࠆ‫ߡߞ߇ߚߒޕ‬㧘‫ޟ‬ᓸⓍಽ AB‫ߣޠ‬ห᭽ߦ㧘AP ⹜㛎ߩోฃ㛎⠪ߩ߁ߜ߅ࠃߘ 95%ࠍ 12 ቇᐕߩ↢ᓤߣ 11 ቇᐕߩ↢ᓤ߇භ߼ߡ޿ࠆ‫ޕ‬߹ߚ㧘ߘߩഀวߩᄢ߈ߐߦ⒟ᐲߩ㆑޿ߪ޽ࠆ߽ߩߩ㧘‫‛↢ޟ‬ቇ‫ޟ߿ޠ‬ൻቇ‫ ߽ߡ޿ߟߦޠ‬AP ⹜㛎ฃ㛎⠪ߩᄢㇱಽ߇ 11 ቇᐕߣ 12 ቇᐕߩ↢ᓤߣߥߞߡ޿ࠆ‫ޕ‬ ৻ᣇ㧘╙ 9 ቇᐕ߿╙ 10 ቇᐕߩ↢ᓤ߇ᄙߊ AP ⹜㛎ࠍฃ㛎ߒߡ޿ࠆ⑼⋡߽޽ࠆ‫ੱޟߦ․ޕ‬ᢥ࿾ℂቇ‫ ߩޠ‬AP ⹜㛎ฃ㛎⠪ࠍߺࠆߣ㧘ߘߩ 43.3%߇╙ 9 ቇᐕߩ↢ᓤߣߥߞߡ޿ࠆ‫ߡߒߘޕ‬㧘╙ 10ቇᐕߩ↢ᓤߪ 18%ࠍභ߼ߡ޿ࠆߩߢ㧘AP ⹜㛎ฃ㛎⠪ߩ߅ࠃߘ 60%߇╙ 9 ቇᐕߩ↢ᓤߣ╙ 10ቇᐕߩ↢ᓤߣߥߞߡ޿ࠆ‫ߚ߹ޕ‬㧘‫ࡄ࠶ࡠ࡯࡛ޟ‬ผ‫ߦޠ‬㑐ߒߡߪ㧘╙ 10 ቇᐕߩ↢ᓤߛߌߢ 50.4%
ࠍභ߼ߡ޿ࠆ‫ ╙ޕ‬11 ቇᐕ߿╙ 12 ቇᐕߢ‫ࡄ࠶ࡠ࡯࡛ޟ‬ผ‫ ߩޠ‬AP ⹜㛎ࠍฃߌߡ޿ࠆ↢ᓤ߽޿ࠆ߇㧘ߘߩഀวߪ 16.1%ߣ 29.5%ߢ㧘ో૕ߩ߅ࠃߘ 45%ߢߒ߆ߥ޿‫ߦ߁ࠃߩߎޕ‬㧘⃻࿷ߪ╙ 11ቇᐕ߿╙ 12 ቇᐕߩߺߥࠄߕ㧘╙ 10 ቇᐕ߿╙ 9 ቇᐕߩ↢ᓤ߇ฃ㛎ߒߡ޿ࠆ AP ⑼⋡߽޽ࠆ‫ߎޕ‬― 65 ―

ࠇߪ㧘නߦࡊࡠࠣ࡜ࡓ߇᜛ᄢߒߡ߈ߚߎߣߦࠃࠆ⥄ὼ⃻⽎ߢߪߥߊ㧘ࠃࠅᄙߊߩ AP ⹜㛎ࠍฃ㛎ߔࠆߚ߼ߦߪ㧘ዋߒߕߟᣧ޿Ბ㓏߆ࠄฃ㛎ߒߡ߅޿ߚᣇ߇⦟޿ߣ޿߁↢ᓤߩᔃℂ߇௛޿ߡ޿
ࠆ߽ߩߣ⠨߃ࠄࠇࠆ‫ޕ‬㧔㧞㧕ὐᢙߩಽᏓ ߎߩࠃ߁ߦ㧘AP ⹜㛎ߩᄢቇ౉ቇ⠪ㆬᛮ߳ߩᓇ㗀╬߆ࠄ AP ⹜㛎ߩฃ㛎⠪߇Ⴧടߩ৻ㅜࠍߚߤ
ߞߡ޿ࠆ߇㧘↢ᓤߩ㑐ᔃߩ⊛ߢ޽ࠆ AP ⹜㛎ߩᚑ❣ߪߤߩࠃ߁ߥ⁁ᴫߥߩߢ޽ࠈ߁߆‫ߢߎߘޕ‬㧘AP ⹜㛎ߩᚑ❣ߩಽᏓࠍߺࠆߎߣߦߔࠆ‫ ⴫ޕ‬4㧙7 ߪ㧘ฃ㛎⠪ߩᄙ޿ 10 ⑼⋡ࠍㆬ߮㧘AP ⹜㛎ߩᚑ❣ߩੱᢙߩಽᏓࠍ޽ࠄࠊߒߚ߽ߩߢ޽ࠆ㧔ੱ⒳೎ߩಽᏓߪ╙ 6 ┨ߢ⹦ߒߊᬌ⸛ߔࠆ㧕‫ޕ‬⴫㧠㧙㧣 #2 ⹜㛎ᚑ❣ߩಽᏓ⑼⋡ᚑ❣

1

2

3

4

5

ࠕࡔ࡝ࠞผ

20.6%

26.2%

22.2%

19.9%

11.1%

⧷ᢥቇ࡮૞ᢥ

8.7%

30.2%

33.3%

20.9%

7.0%

⧷⺆࡮૞ᢥ

10.9%

30.3%

31.4%

18.3%

9.2%

ᓸⓍಽ AB

25.7%

15.4%

19.1%

18.7%

21.0%

ࠕࡔ࡝ࠞ᡽ᴦቇ

16.1%

32.1%

26.9%

18.9%

6.0%

↢‛ቇ

15.9%

23.2%

21.2%

20.3%

19.3%

ᔃℂቇ

20.8%

13.7%

20.5%

26.2%

18.8%

ࠬࡍࠗࡦ⺆

27.4%

22.4%

19.6%

20.1%

10.4%

࡛࡯ࡠ࠶ࡄผ

22.9%

11.2%

35.9%

18.9%

11.1%

⛔⸘ቇ

24.1%

17.1%

25.4%

21.5%

11.9%

಴ᚲ㧕College Board (2008). The 4th Annual AP Report to the Nation.ࠍ߽ߣߦ╩⠪૞ᚑ‫ޕ‬ ⴫ 4㧙7 ߦ߅޿ߡ㧘⑼⋡ߦࠃࠆᚑ❣ߩಽᏓߦᭂ┵ߥ஍ࠅߪߺࠄࠇߥ޿߇㧘ᄙዋߩ஍ࠅ߇޽ࠆ
ߎߣ߇ࠊ߆ࠆ‫ޕ‬‫ޟ‬ᓸⓍಽ AB‫ޠ‬㧘‫‛↢ޟ‬ቇ‫ޠ‬㧘‫ޟ‬ᔃℂቇ‫ߚߞ޿ߣޠ‬ℂ♽⑼⋡ߪᲧセ⊛ఝ⑲⠪㧔ᚑ❣߇
4 ߣ 5 ߩ↢ᓤ㧕ߩഀว߇㜞޿‫ߛߚޕ‬㧘ߘߩ৻ᣇ‫ޟ‬ᓸⓍಽ AB‫ߪޠ‬ᚑ❣߇ 1 ߩ↢ᓤߩഀว߽㜞ߊ㧘ߢ߈ࠆ࡮ߢ߈ߥ޿߇ߪߞ߈ࠅಽ߆ࠇࠆ⑼⋡ߢ޽ࠆߎߣ߽ࠊ߆ࠆ‫ޕ‬ᰴߦ‫⧷ޟ‬ᢥቇ࡮૞ᢥ‫࡮⺆⧷ޟ߿ޠ‬૞ᢥ‫ޠ‬㧘‫⺆ߚߞ޿ߣޠ⺆ࡦࠗࡍࠬޟ‬ቇ⑼⋡ߩఝ⑲⠪ߩഀวߪᲧセ⊛ዊߐߊ㧘ᚑ❣߇ 2 ߣ 3 ߩ↢ᓤߩഀว߇㕖Ᏹߦᄢ߈޿ߎߣ߇ࠊ߆ࠆ‫ޠ⺆ࡦࠗࡍࠬޟߦ․ޕ‬ߪ 1 ߣ 2 ߩᚑ❣ขᓧ⠪߇⚂ 50%ߦ߽਄ߞߡ޿ߡ㧘↢ᓤߩᢙࠍ⛉ࠆ߆᝼ᬺᣇᴺࠍᡷༀߔࠆ߆ߩᔅ
ⷐ߇޽ࠅߘ߁ߥ⑼⋡ߢ޽ࠆߎߣ߇ࠊ߆ࠆ‫ޕ‬AP ⹜㛎ߩᚑ❣ߦᔕߓߚන૏⹺ቯߪᄢቇߏߣߦ⇣ߥߞߡ޿ࠆ߇㧘ࠞ࡟࠶ࠫࡏ࡯࠼ߪ 3 એ਄ߩᚑ❣ࠍ෼߼ࠇ߫ᄢቇ࡟ࡌ࡞ߦ㆐ߒߡ޿ࠆߣ್ᢿߒߡ޿ࠆ‫ߩߎޕ‬ᜰ㊎߆ࠄߔࠇ߫㧘߆ߥࠅߩ↢ᓤ― 66 ―

߇ AP ⹜㛎ࠍฃߌߚߦ߽㑐ࠊࠄߕ㧘න૏⹺ቯߐࠇߥ޿ߎߣߦߥࠆ‫ߦ․ޕ‬ฃ㛎⠪ᢙ߇৻⇟ᄙ޿‫ࠕޟ‬ࡔ࡝ࠞผ‫ߩޠ‬ᚑ❣ಽᏓߪᲧセ⊛ဋ╬ߦಽ߆ࠇߡ޿ࠆ߇㧘ᚑ❣߇ 1 ߣ 2 ߩഀว߇Ყセ⊛ᄢ߈ߊ㧘ᄢቇߩන૏ߣߒߡ⹺ቯߐࠇߥ޿↢ᓤࠍᄢ㊂ߦ↢ߺ಴ߒߡ޿ࠆߎߣ߇ࠊ߆ࠆ‫ޕ‬ ో૕ߣߒߡ㧘ᚑ❣ఝ⑲⠪ߛߌ߇ߎ߁ߒߚ AP ⹜㛎ߦෳടߒߡ޿ࠆߣߔࠇ߫㧘߽߁ዋߒᚑ❣߇
ఝ⑲ߥᣇ㧔4 ߣ 5㧕ߦ஍ߞߡ߽⦟ߐߘ߁ߢ޽ࠆ߇㧘ߤߩ⑼⋡߽ᚑ❣ಽᏓ߇ 1 ߆ࠄ 5 ߹ߢਁㆉߥ
ߊሽ࿷ߒߡ޿ࠆ‫ߚߒ߁ߎޕ‬௑ะߪ㧘AP ࡊࡠࠣ࡜ࡓߦෳടߔࠆ↢ᓤߩ⾰ߣ޿߁໧㗴એᄖߦ߽㧘
᝼ᬺᣇᴺߩᡷༀ߿࠹ࠬ࠻໧㗴ߩᅷᒰᕈ╬ߐ߹ߑ߹ߥὐߢᬌ⸛ߩ૛࿾ࠍᱷߔ⚿ᨐߢ޽ࠆߣ⸒߃ࠆ
ߩߢ޽ࠆ‫ޕ‬㧢㧚߅ࠊࠅߦ
 એ਄ᧄ┨ߢ AP ⹜㛎ߩౕ૕⊛ߥᚻ⛯߈ߣౝኈߦߟ޿ߡ᣿ࠄ߆ߦߒߡ߈ߚ‫ࠍ࠻ࡦࠗࡐߩߘޕ‬ᢛ
ℂߔࠆߣ㧘એਅߩ 3 ὐߦ㓸⚂ߢ߈ࠆ‫ޕ‬ ╙৻ߦ㧘AP ⹜㛎ߪో࿖౒ㅢߩ⹜㛎ߢ޽ࠅ㧘߆ߥࠅ෩ᩰߦⴕࠊࠇߡ޿ࠆߎߣ߇ࠊ߆ߞߚ‫⹜ޕ‬㛎ߩ૞㗴߆ࠄណὐ߹ߢ㜞ᩞᢎຬߣᄢቇᢎຬߩදജߦࠃߞߡߥߐࠇߡ߅ࠅ㧘ߎߩὐߢ㜞ᄢㅪ៤ߩ✕ኒൻ߇⷗ߡขࠇࠆ‫ߡߒߘޕ‬ᄢቇᢎຬ߽ AP ⹜㛎ߦ㑐ࠊߞߡ޿ࠆߣ޿߁ὐߢᄢቇ஥ߩන૏⹺ቯ
ߩା㗬ᕈࠍᜂ଻ߒߡ޿ࠆߣ⸒߃ࠆߩߢ޽ࠆ‫ޕ‬ ╙ੑߦ㧘AP ⹜㛎ᤨ㑆ߪ 2 ᤨ㑆߆ࠄ 3 ᤨ㑆ߣᲧセ⊛㐳ߊ㧘⹜㛎໧㗴ߪㆬᛯᑼߣ⸥ㅀᑼࠍࡃ࡜
ࡦࠬࠃߊ㈩⟎ߒߡ޿ࠆߎߣ߇⹜㛎໧㗴ߩᬌ⸛߆ࠄ᣿ࠄ߆ߣߥߞߚ‫ޕ‬ណὐᣇᴺ߽㧘ㆡᒰߥ⸃╵߇⹜㛎ᚑ❣ߦᓇ㗀ࠍਈ߃ߥ޿ࠃ߁ߦᎿᄦ߇ߥߐࠇ㧘ቴⷰᕈߣᅷᒰᕈߩߚ߼ߦദജߐࠇߚ߽ߩߢ޽
ࠆߎߣ߽ࠊ߆ߞߚ‫ޕ‬ ╙ਃߦ㧘AP ⹜㛎ߩฃ㛎⠪ߪᦨ⚳ቇᐕߢ޽ࠆ╙ 12 ቇᐕߛߌߢߪߥߊ㧘╙ 11 ቇᐕ߽ᄙߊฃ㛎ߒߡ޿ࠆߎߣ߇ࠊ߆ߞߚ‫ߪࠇߎޕ‬ᄢቇ౉ቇ⠪ㆬᛮߦ߅ߌࠆวᩰߩน⢻ᕈࠍ㜞߼ࠆߚ߼ߦ㧘౉ቇ㗿ᦠࠍឭ಴ߔࠆ╙ 12 ቇᐕએ೨ߦᚑ❣⚿ᨐࠍᚑ❣⸽᣿ᦠߦ෻ᤋߐߖߚ޿ߣ↢ᓤ߇⠨߃ࠆ߆ࠄߢ
޽ࠆ‫ߒߛߚޕ‬㧘AP ⹜㛎⚿ᨐ߆ࠄ᣿ࠄ߆ߥߣ߅ࠅ㧘න૏ߣߒߡ⹺ቯߐࠇߥ޿ 5 Ბ㓏⹏ଔߩ 1㧘2ࠍขᓧߔࠆ↢ᓤ߽ᄙߊሽ࿷ߔࠆߚ߼㧘ᔅߕߒ߽↢ᓤߩᗧ࿑ߤ߅ࠅߩ⚿ᨐߦߪߥߞߡ޿ߥ޿ࠃ߁
ߢ޽ࠆ‫ߪ࠼࡯ࡏࠫ࠶࡟ࠞޕ‬㧘3 એ਄ߩᚑ❣ࠍ෼߼ߚ↢ᓤߪᄢቇ࡟ࡌ࡞ߩቇജࠍ᦭ߔࠆߣ⺑᣿ߒߡ޿ࠆ߇㧘ᄢቇߏߣߦⴕࠊࠇࠆታ㓙ߩන૏⹺ቯߩᣇᴺߦߟ޿ߡߪᰴ┨ߢ⸒෸ߒߡ޿ߊߎߣߦߔ
ࠆ‫ޕ‬


‫ޣ‬ᵈ‫ޤ‬1

College Board (2008). Homeschooled Students.
<http://professionals.collegeboard.com/testing/ap/grades/prepare/homeschool>― 67 ―

2㊄ሶᔘผ‫ޟ‬ఝ⑲ఽߩᢎ⢒̆ࠕࡔ࡝ࠞߩ․೎ㅴ⚖ࡊࡠࠣ࡜ࡓ㧔AP㧕ߦߟ޿ߡ‫ޠ‬‫ޡ‬ቇᩞᢎ⢒⎇ⓥ
ᚲᐕႎ‫ޢ‬42 ภ㧘1998 ᐕ㧘43 㗁‫ޕ‬
3 College Board (2008). Exam Ordering Deadlines.
<http://professionals.collegeboard.com/testing/ap/coordinate/order/deadlines>
4 College Board (2008). Homeschooled Students.
<http://professionals.collegeboard.com/testing/ap/grades/prepare/homeschool>
5 College Board (2008). AP course, exam, and service enhancements.
<http://professionals.collegeboard.com/testing/ap/about/changes>
6 College Board (2008). Grade Reporting Services.
<http://www.collegeboard.com/student/testing/ap/exgrd_rep.html>
7 College Board (2008). Exam Fees and Reductions: 2009.
<http://apcentral.collegeboard.com/apc/public/exam/calendar/190165.html>
8 College Board (2008). Advanced Placement Program(AP) 2008 Fee Reduction Policy.
<http://professionals.collegeboard.com/profdownload/2008-Fee-Reduction-Policy.pdf>
9 College Board (2008). 2007-08 Details by States: AP Exam Fee Assistance.
<http://professionals.collegeboard.com/testing/ap/coordinate/fee-assistance/state>
10 U.S. Department of Education (2008). ADVANCED PLACEMENT TEST FEE
PROGRAM.
< http://www.ed.gov/programs/apfee/index.html>
11 College Board (2008). Course and Exam Development.
<http://apcentral.collegeboard.com/apc/public/courses/2024.html>
12 ዊᨋ㆏ਃ‫ߩࠞ࡝ࡔࠕޟ‬ᢙቇᢎ⢒㧔1㧕̆Advanced Placement Program̆‫ޠ‬‫ޡ‬ਛᄩᄢቇ⺰㓸‫ޢ‬
14 ภ㧘1993 ᐕ㧘27 㗁‫ޕ‬
13 College Board (2008). The 4th Annual AP Report to the Nation.
14 Ibid.
15 College Board (2008). JAPANESE LANGUAGE AND CULTURE Course Description.
<http://apcentral.collegeboard.com/apc/public/repository/ap08_japanese_coursedesc.pdf>― 68 ―

╙㧡┨ ᄢቇߩන૏⹺ቯዊᎹ ૫ਁ
㧔᧲ർᄢቇ㧕
㧝㧚ߪߓ߼ߦ
ࠞ࡟࠶ࠫࡏ࡯࠼ߪ㧘↢ᓤ߇ AP ⑼⋡ࠍቇ⠌ߒߚᚑᨐࠍ᷹ቯߔࠆߚ߼ߦ㧘Ფᐕ 5 ᦬ߦో࿖౒ㅢ
ߩ AP ⹜㛎ࠍታᣉߒߡ޿ࠆ‫ߡߒߘޕ‬ᄢቇ஥ߪ㧘ߘߩᚑ❣ߦၮߠ߈㧘ᓐࠄ߇౉ቇᓟන૏ࠍ⹺ቯߔ
ࠆ‫࠼࡯ࡏࠫ࠶࡟ࠞޕ‬஥ߪ㧘AP ⹜㛎ߩᚑ❣߇ 5 ߩ↢ᓤߦߟ޿ߡߪᄢቇߩᚑ❣ߦ߅޿ߡ A㧘ᚑ❣
߇ 4 ߩ↢ᓤߪ A㧘B 㧘޽ࠆ޿ߪ B ߦ⹥ᒰߒ㧘ߘߒߡ 3 ߪ B㧘C 㧘޽ࠆ޿ߪ C ߦ⹥ᒰߔࠆߣ
ߺߥߒߡ޿ࠆ‫ߒ߆ߒޕ‬㧘ߎࠇߪ޽ߊ߹ߢ߽ࠞ࡟࠶ࠫࡏ࡯࠼ߩ␜ߔၮḰߢ޽ࠅ㧘AP ⹜㛎ߩ⚿ᨐߦኻߔࠆᄢቇ஥ߩኻᔕߪߐ߹ߑ߹ߢ޽ࠆ‫ޕ‬ߢߪ㧘ߎ߁ߒߚࠞ࡟࠶ࠫࡏ࡯࠼ߩၮḰߦኻߒߡᄢቇ஥ߪౕ૕⊛ߦߤߩࠃ߁ߦኻᔕߒߡ޿ࠆߩ
ߢ޽ࠈ߁߆‫ޕ‬೨┨ߢߪ㧘AP ⹜㛎໧㗴߿ᚻ⛯߈ߦߟ޿ߡౕ૕⊛ߦߺߡ߈ߚ߇㧘ᧄ┨ߢߪߘߩᚑ
❣ߦၮߠ޿ߚᄢቇ஥ߩන૏⹺ቯߩ໧㗴ߦߟ޿ߡ⸒෸ߒߡ޿߈ߚ޿‫ߩߢᦠᧄߦ․ޕ‬ਥߥኻ⽎߇ࡠࠨࡦ࠯࡞ࠬ⛔วቇ඙ߩ㜞ᩞߢ޽ࠆߚ߼㧘ᧄ┨ߢขࠅ਄ߍࠆᄢቇ߽ᓐࠄߩᄙߊ߇ㅴቇߔࠆߎߣߦ
ߥࠆࠞ࡝ࡈࠜ࡞࠾ࠕᎺߩᄢቇߣߔࠆ‫ౕޕ‬૕⊛ߥ੐଀ߣߒߡߪ㧘‫ࠕ࠾࡞ࠜࡈ࡝ࠞޟ‬ᄢቇ♽೉㧔UC㧕
‫ޠ‬߆ࠄࠞ࡝ࡈࠜ࡞࠾ࠕᄢቇࡠࠨࡦ࠯࡞ࠬᩞ㧘‫ࠕ࠾࡞ࠜࡈ࡝ࠞޟ‬Ꮊ┙ᄢቇ㧔CSU㧕♽೉‫ࠞߪࠄ߆ޠ‬࡝ࡈࠜ࡞࠾ࠕᎺ┙ᄢቇࡠࠨࡦ࠯࡞ࠬᩞ㧔ߚߛߒⷙ⒟ߪࠞ࡝ࡈࠜ࡞࠾ࠕᎺ┙ᄢቇߢ౒ㅢ㧕
㧘⑳┙ᄢቇ߆ࠄߪࠬ࠲ࡦࡈࠜ࡯࠼ᄢቇࠍขࠅ਄ߍࠆߎߣߦߔࠆ‫ޕ‬㧞㧚ࠞ࡝ࡈࠜ࡞࠾ࠕᄢቇߩ଀
㧔㧝㧕ቇ჻ᢎ⢒⺖⒟
AP ⹜㛎ߩᚑ❣ߦ㑐ߔࠆᄢቇߩኻᔕߪߐ߹ߑ߹ߢ޽ࠆ߇㧘ౕ૕⊛ߦߤߩࠃ߁ߦන૏⹺ቯߒߡ
޿ࠆߩߢ޽ࠈ߁߆‫⇼ߚߒ߁ߎޕ‬໧ὐࠍ᣿ࠄ߆ߦߔࠆߚ߼㧘ߎߎߢߪࠞ࡝ࡈࠜ࡞࠾ࠕᄢቇࡠࠨࡦ
࠯࡞ࠬᩞᢥℂቇㇱ㧔UCLACollegeofLettersandScience㧕ࠍ଀ߦߒߡᬌ⸛ߔࠆߎߣߦߔࠆ‫ޕ‬
หᢥℂቇㇱߪ⚂ 2 ਁ 2,700 ੱߩቇ↢ߣ㧘⚂ 900 ੱߩᢎຬࠍᠩߒߡ߅ࠅ㧘ᄢቇߩߥ߆ߢ߽ᦨ߽ⷙ
ᮨߩᄢ߈޿ቇㇱߢ޽ࠆ‫ޕ‬หቇㇱߩቇ⑼ߦߟ޿ߡߪ㧘ੱᢥ㧘‛ℂൻቇ㧘␠ળ⑼ቇ㧘↢๮⑼ቇߩ 4
ߟߩಽ㊁߆ࠄ᭴ᚑߐࠇࠆ߇㧘৻⥸ᢎ⢒࡟ࡌ࡞ߢߩᔅⷐන૏ᢙߣߘߩ⑼⋡ߪ⴫ 5㧙1 ߦ␜ߔߣ߅
ࠅߢ޽ࠆ㧔⸶ߔߣᷙੂߒ߿ߔ޿ߣߎࠈ߇಴ߡߊࠆߚ߼ේ⺆ߩ߹߹⸥ߔߎߣߦߔࠆ㧕‫ߪ⴫ߩߎޕ‬㧘AP ⑼⋡ߩන૏⹺ቯߣ㑐ଥ߇޽ࠆߚ߼㧘ዋߒ⹦ߒߊ⺑᣿ߒߡ޿ߊߎߣߦߔࠆ‫ޕ‬

― 69 ―

⴫㧡㧙㧝 7%.#ᢥℂቇㇱߦ߅ߌࠆᔅୃ⑼⋡UniversityRequirement EntryLevelWriting ߹ߚߪ EnglishasaSecondLanguage AmericanHistoryandInstitutionsCollegeRequirementWritingRequirementWritingΣ

 

 

WritingΤ QuantitativeReasoning

 

 

ForeignLanguage

 

 

GeneralEducation

FoundationofArtsandHumanities

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

㧔ᦨૐ 15 න૏㧕FoundationofSocietyandCulture㧔ᦨૐ 15 න૏㧕FoundationofScientificInquiry  㧔ᦨૐ 18 න૏㧕಴ᚲ㧕UCLA 2008 .UCLAGeneralCatalog20072008.<http://www.registrar.ucla.edu/catalog/catalog07-08-38.html#pgfId-81142> ࠍ߽ߣߦ╩⠪૞ᚑ‫ޕ‬
⴫ 5㧙1 ߩ‫ޟ‬UniversityRequirement‫ߪޠ‬㧘UCLA ߇ోቇㇱ↢ߦ᳞߼ࠆᔅୃ⑼⋡ߢ޽ࠅ㧘ߘ
ࠇߦߪ 2 ߟߩ⑼⋡㧔‫ޟ‬EntryLevelWriting‫ޟߪ޿ࠆ޽ޠ‬EnglishasaSecondLanguage‫ޠ‬ߩ߁ߜߩߤߜࠄ߆৻ᣇߣ㧘‫ޟ‬AmericanHistoryandInstitutions‫ޠ‬㧕ߩጁୃ߇᜼ߍࠄࠇߡ޿ࠆ‫ޕ‬߹ߕ㧘‫ޟ‬EntryLevelWriting‫ߪߣޠ‬㧘ᄢቇ↢ߣߒߡߩ࡜ࠗ࠹ࠖࡦࠣߩജࠍりߦઃߌࠆߚ߼
ߩ⑼⋡ߢ޽ࠆ‫ޕ‬UCLA ߢቇ߱ߦ޽ߚߞߡߘߩജߪ㕖Ᏹߦ㊀ⷐߢ޽ࠆߚ߼㧘‫ޟ‬EntryLevel
Writing‫ߩޠ‬න૏ߪ UCLA ߳౉ቇߔࠆ೨߆㧘޽ࠆ޿ߪ౉ቇᓟ 1 ᐕએౝߦขᓧߔࠆߎߣ߇⟵ോઃߌࠄࠇߡ޿ࠆ‫ߚ߹ޕ‬㧘ߎߩ‫ޟ‬EntryLevelWriting‫ߩޠ‬න૏ࠍขᓧߔࠆߎߣߪ㧘UCLA ߇ឭଏߔࠆઁߩ⧷⺆ߩࠦ࡯ࠬࠍጁୃߔࠆߚ߼ߩ೨ឭ᧦ઙߣߥߞߡ޿ࠆߚ߼㧘ߎߩන૏ࠍขᓧߒߥߌࠇ
߫ઁߩ⧷⺆ߩࠦ࡯ࠬߩጁୃࠍߔࠆߎߣߪߢ߈ߥ޿‫ޕ‬UCLA ߳౉ቇߔࠆ೨ߦߘߩන૏ࠍขᓧߔࠆߦߪ㧘UCLA ߇ᜰቯߔࠆ⹜㛎ߦ߅޿ߡ৻ቯၮḰએ਄ߩᚑ❣ࠍ෼߼ࠆߎߣ߇ᔅⷐߢ޽ࠆ‫⹜ߩߘޕ‬㛎ߦߪ㧘଀߃߫࿖㓙ࡃࠞࡠ࡟ࠕ㧔IB㧕
㧘SAT㧘UCLA߇ ⁛ ⥄ ߦ ૞ ᚑ ߔ ࠆ ࠹ ࠬ ࠻ 㧔 University of California Analytical Writing Placement‫࡮⺆⧷ޟ‬૞ᢥ‫ޠ‬
Examination㧕╬߇޽ࠆ߇㧘ߎߩਛߦߪ AP ⹜㛎߽฽߹ࠇߡ޿ࠆ‫ⷙޕ‬ቯߦࠃࠇ߫㧘ߩ AP ⹜㛎ߩᚑ❣߇ 3 એ਄ߢ޽ࠇ߫㧘㜞ᩞ࿷ቇਛߦ‫ޟ‬EntryLevelWriting‫ߩޠ‬න૏ࠍขᓧߔ
ࠆߎߣ߇ߢ߈ࠆߎߣߦߥࠆ‫ޕ‬߽߁৻ᣇߩ‫ޟ‬EnglishasaSecondLanguage‫ߪޠ‬㧘Უ⺆߇⧷⺆એᄖߢ޽ࠆᣂ౉↢ࠍኻ⽎ߣߔࠆ⑼⋡ߢ޽ࠅ㧘‫ޟ‬EnglishasaSecondLanguagePlacementExamination‫⚿ߩޠ‬ᨐߦၮߠ޿ߡߘߩන૏ࠍขᓧߢ߈ࠆߎߣߦߥߞߡ޿ࠆ‫ޕ‬‫ޟ‬AmericanHistoryandInstitutions‫ߪޠ‬㧘ㅪ㇌᡽ᐭ߿Ꮊ᡽ᐭߩ⚵❱߿㧘ࠕࡔ࡝ࠞߩᱧผ
ߦ㑐ߔࠆℂ⸃ࠍᷓ߼ࠆߚ߼ߩ⑼⋡ߢ޽ࠆ‫ߡߒߘޕ‬㧘ߎߩන૏ߩขᓧߦ߽ AP ⹜㛎ߩ⚿ᨐࠍ↪޿

― 70 ―

ࠆߎߣ߇น⢻ߢ޽ࠅ㧘‫ࠞ࡝ࡔࠕޟ‬᡽ᴦቇ‫ࠞ࡝ࡔࠕޟߪ޿ࠆ޽ޠ‬ผ‫ ߩޠ‬AP ⹜㛎ߩᚑ❣߇ 3 એ਄ߢ޽ࠇ߫ߘߩන૏߇⹺ቯߐࠇࠆ‫ޕ‬ᰴߦ㧘‫ޟ‬CollegeRequirement㧔LettersandScience㧕‫ߪޠ‬㧘ᢥℂቇㇱ߇⸳ߌࠆᔅୃ⑼⋡ߢ޽ࠆ‫ޟߪߦࠇߎޕ‬WritingRequirement‫ޠ‬㧘‫ޟ‬QuantitativeReasoning‫ޠ‬㧘‫ޟ‬ForeignLanguage‫ޠ‬㧘‫ޟ‬GeneralEducation‫߇ޠ‬฽߹ࠇࠆ‫ޕ‬߹ߕ㧘‫ޟ‬WritingRequirement‫ޟߪߦޠ‬WritingΣ‫ޟߣޠ‬WritingΤ‫߇ࠆ޽߇ޠ‬㧘න૏ߩขᓧ
ߦ AP ⹜㛎ߩ⚿ᨐࠍ↪޿ࠆߎߣ߇಴᧪ࠆߩߪ೨⠪ߩߺߢ޽ࠅ㧘‫࡮⺆⧷ޟ‬૞ᢥ‫ ߩޠ‬AP ⹜㛎ߩᚑ❣
߇ 4 એ਄ߢ޽ࠇ߫ߘߩන૏߇⹺ቯߐࠇࠆ‫ޕ‬‫ޟ‬WritingΤ‫ߦޠ‬㑐ߒߡߪ㧘ᔅߕᄢቇߢጁୃߒߥߌࠇ
߫ߥࠄߥ޿ߎߣߦߥߞߡ޿ࠆ‫ޕ‬‫ޟ‬QuantitativeReasoning‫ߩޠ‬න૏ขᓧߦ߽ AP ⹜㛎ߩᚑ❣ࠍᵴ↪ߔࠆߎߣ߇ߢ߈㧘‫ޟ‬ᖱႎ⑼ቇ AB‫ޠ‬㧘‫ޟ‬ᓸⓍಽ AB‫ޠ‬㧘‫ޟ‬ᓸⓍಽ BC‫ޠ‬㧘‫⸘⛔ޟ‬ቇ‫ ߩޠ‬AP ⹜㛎ߦ߅޿ߡ 3 એ਄ߩᚑ❣ࠍ෼߼ࠇ߫㧘ߘߩන૏ߣߒߡ⹺ቯߐࠇࠆ‫ޕ‬‫ޟ‬QuantitativeReasoning‫ߪߣޠ‬㧘‛੐ࠍត᳞ߒߡ޿ߊ㓙ߦ㧘ਥߦ㊂⊛ߥ㕙߆ࠄࠕࡊࡠ࡯࠴ߒߡ޿ߊಽᨆᣇᴺߢ޽ࠆ‫ޕ‬ᢙሼࠍ૶߁ߣ޿߁ᗧ๧ߢ㧘ᢙቇߣ㑐ଥߩ޽ࠆ AP ⑼⋡߇න૏⹺ቯߩኻ⽎ߣߥߞߡ޿ࠆߩߢ޽ࠆ‫ޕ‬ߦߟ޿ߡߪ㧘
UCLA ߢߪోㇱߢ 34 ߩᄖ࿖⺆ߩ⑼⋡ࠍឭଏߒߡ޿ࠆ߇㧘‫ޟ‬ForeignLanguage‫ޠ‬ᄢቇ߇න૏⹺ቯࠍⴕ߁ AP ⑼⋡ߪ㧘‫ޠ⺆ࡦࠗࡍࠬޟ‬㧘‫ޠ⺆࠷ࠗ࠼ޟ‬㧘‫ޠ⺆ࠬࡦ࡜ࡈޟ‬㧘‫࡮⺆ࠕ࡝࠲ࠗޟ‬ᢥൻ‫ޠ‬㧘‫ޟ‬ਛ࿖⺆࡮ᢥൻ‫ޠ‬㧘‫ޟ‬ᣣᧄ⺆࡮ᢥൻ‫ޠ‬㧘‫ࡦ࠹࡜ޟ‬ᢥቇ‫ޠ‬㧘‫ޕࠆ޽ߢޠࠬ࠙࡝ࠡ࡞ࠚ࠙ࡦ࠹࡜ޟ‬‫ࡦ࠹࡜ޟ‬ᢥቇ‫ߩޠࠬ࠙࡝ࠡ࡞ࠚ࠙ࡦ࠹࡜ޟߣޠ‬න૏ขᓧߩߚ߼ߦߪ㧘AP ⹜㛎ߩᚑ❣߇ 4 એ਄ߢߥߊߡߪߥࠄߥ޿߇㧘ߘࠇએᄖߩ⑼⋡ߦߟ޿ߡߪ AP ⹜㛎ߩᚑ❣߇ 3 એ਄ߢ޽ࠇ߫න૏ߣߒ
ߡ⹺ቯߐࠇࠆ‫ޕ‬‫ޟ‬GeneralEducation‫ߪޠ‬㧘‫ޟ‬FoundationofArtsandHumanities‫ޠ‬㧘‫ޟ‬FoundationofSocietyandCulture‫ޠ‬㧘‫ޟ‬FoundationofScientificInquiry‫ੱޟࠆࠁࠊ޿ߩޠ‬ᢥ‫ޠ‬㧘‫␠ޟ‬ળ‫ޠ‬㧘‫⥄ޟ‬ὼ‫ߩޠ‬
3 ߟߩಽ㊁ߦಽߌࠄࠇࠆ‫ߡߒߘޕ‬㧘‫ޟ‬FoundationofArtsandHumanities‫ޠ‬㧘‫ޟ‬Foundationof‫ޟ‬FoundationofSocietyandCulture‫ߪߡ޿ߟߦޠ‬㧘ᦨૐ 15 න૏ࠍขᓧߒߥߌࠇ߫ߥࠄߕ㧘
ScientificInquiry‫ ߪߢޠ‬18 න૏߇ᔅⷐන૏ߣߥࠆ‫ߒߛߚޕ‬㧘ߎࠇࠄߩಽ㊁ߦ߅޿ߡߪ㧘AP ⹜㛎ߩ⚿ᨐߦၮߠߊන૏⹺ቯភ⟎ߪⴕࠊࠇߕ㧘ᄢቇߩ⑼⋡ࠍጁୃߒߡන૏ࠍขᓧߔࠆᔅⷐ߇޽ࠆ‫ޕ‬
㧔㧞㧕#2 ⹜㛎ߦࠃࠆන૏⹺ቯ
ߘߒߡ㧘ߎࠇ߹ߢ⷗ߡ߈ߚ UCLAᢥℂቇㇱߦ߅ߌࠆᔅୃන૏ߦߟ޿ߡ㧘⹺ቯߐࠇࠆ AP ⹜㛎ߩ⑼⋡ߣᚑ❣㧘ߘߒߡߘࠇ߇UCLAߦ߅޿ߡ⹥ᒰߔࠆ⑼⋡ฬࠍ␜ߒߚ߽ߩ߇⴫5㧙2ߢ޽ࠆ‫ޕ‬⴫ਛߩ‫ޟ‬EW‫ޟߪޠ‬EntryLevelWriting‫ޠ‬㧘‫ޟ‬WΣ‫ޟߪޠ‬WritingΣ‫ޠ‬㧘‫ޟ‬QR‫ޟߪޠ‬QuantitativeReasoning‫ޠ‬㧘‫ޟ‬FL‫ޟߪޠ‬ForeignLanguage‫ߚ߹ޕࠆ޿ߡߒ⴫ࠍޠ‬㧘UCLA ߢߩන૏ߦߪ⹥ᒰ
⑼⋡߇ߥ޿߽ߩ߽฽߹ࠇߡ޿ࠆ‫⧷ޟ߫߃଀ߪࠇߎޕ‬ᢥቇ࡮૞ᢥ‫ߣࠆߺߡ޿ߟߦޠ‬㧘ߘߩ AP ⹜㛎ߦ߅޿ߡ 3 ߩᚑ❣ߣห࡟ࡌ࡞ߩ᝼ᬺߪ UCLA ߢߪឭଏߐࠇߡ޿ߥ޿߇㧘‫ޟ‬EntryLevel
Writing‫ߩޠ‬න૏ߣߒߡߪ⹺ቯߔࠆߣ޿߁ᗧ๧ߢ޽ࠆ‫ߦࠄߐޕ‬㧘ห⑼⋡ߩ AP ⹜㛎ߩᚑ❣߇ 4― 71 ―

એ਄ߢ޽ࠇ߫㧘‫࡮⺆⧷ޟ‬૞ᢥ 3㧔࡟ࡌ࡞㧕‫߁޿ߣޠ‬ฬ⒓ߢ‫ޟ‬EntryLevelWriting‫ޟߣޠ‬WritingΣ‫ߩޠ‬න૏ࠍหᤨߦขᓧߔࠆߎߣ߇ߢ߈ࠆߩߢ޽ࠆ‫ߡߞ߇ߚߒޕ‬㧘AP ⹜㛎ߩᚑ❣߇ 3 ߩ↢ᓤߪᄢቇߢ‫ޟ‬WritingI‫ߩޠ‬᝼ᬺࠍጁୃߒߥߌࠇ߫ߥࠄߥ޿ߎߣߦߥࠆ‫ޕ‬⴫㧡㧙㧞 7%.# ᢥℂቇㇱߦ߅ߌࠆ #2 ߩන૏⹺ቯ
AP⹜㛎

UCLA ߢߩන૏

⹜㛎⑼⋡

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⧷⺆࡮૞ᢥ

3

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UCLA ߢߩන૏

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಴ᚲ㧕UCLA 2008 .UCLAUndergraduateAdmissionRelationswithSchoolsAPCreditCollege
ofLettersandScience. <http://www.admissions.ucla.edu/Prospect/APCreditLS.htm> ࠍ߽ߣߦ╩⠪૞ᚑ‫ޕ‬߹ߚ‫ޟ‬ᄖ࿖⺆‫ߪޠ‬㜞ᩞ↢ߩ߁ߜߦ AP ⹜㛎ߢ 3 એ਄ߩᚑ❣ࠍ෼߼ࠇ߫㧘ᄢቇ౉ቇᓟߩ⽶ᜂ߇シߊߥࠆߎߣ߇ࠊ߆ࠆ‫ߩޠ⺆ࠬࡦ࡜ࡈޟ߫߃଀ޕ‬႐ว㧘AP ⹜㛎ߢ 5 ߩᚑ❣ࠍ෼߼ࠆߣᄢቇߦ
߅޿ߡ‫ ⺆ࠬࡦ࡜ࡈޟ‬6㧔࡟ࡌ࡞㧕‫ߩޠ‬න૏ࠍขᓧߒߚߎߣߦߥࠅ㧘ᤨ㑆⊛૛⵨߇߆ߥࠅ↢߹ࠇࠆߎߣߦߥࠆ‫ޕ‬ߎߩࠃ߁ߦ㧘AP ⹜㛎ߩ⚿ᨐᰴ╙ߢߪᄙߊߩන૏ࠍ㜞ᩞ↢ߩᲑ㓏ߢขᓧߔࠆߎߣ߇ߢ߈ࠆߚ
߼㧘႐วߦࠃߞߡߪ 3 ᐕ㑆ߢᄢቇࠍතᬺߔࠆߎߣ߽น⢻ߦߥࠆ‫ߪࠇߎޕ‬㧘↢ᓤߦߣߞߡᤨ㑆ߣቇ⾌ߩ▵⚂ࠍᗧ๧ߔࠆ‫ߪߩ߽ߚߒ␜ߦ⴫ߩߎޕ‬ᔅୃ⑼⋡ߦߟ޿ߡߢ޽ࠆ߇㧘ᄢቇࠍතᬺߔࠆߚ
߼ߦߪ㧘ߘࠇએᄖߦㆬᛯ⑼⋡ߩන૏߽ᔅⷐߢ޽ࠆ‫߽ߢߎߘޕ‬න૏߇⹺ቯߐࠇࠆ AP ⑼⋡ߪᢙᄙߊ޽ࠅ㧘UCLA ᢥℂቇㇱߢߪࠞ࡟࠶ࠫࡏ࡯࠼߇ AP ⑼⋡ߣߒߡឭଏߒߡ޿ࠆ߶ߣࠎߤߩ⑼⋡ߦߟ޿ߡන૏⹺ቯߩភ⟎ࠍ⻠ߓߡ޿ࠆ㧔⴫ߣߒߡឝタߔࠆߣ㕖Ᏹߦᄢ߈ߥ߽ߩߣߥߞߡߒ߹߁ߩ
ߢഀᗲߔࠆ㧕
‫ޕ‬UCLA ߢߪ㧘ߤߩ AP ⑼⋡߽ㆬᛯ⑼⋡ߣߒߡട߃ࠄࠇࠆߚ߼㧘㜞ᩞߢߤߩ AP ⑼― 72 ―

⋡ࠍጁୃߒߚߣߒߡ߽‫ߩߘޕࠆߥߦߣߎޠ޿ߥߪ៊ޟ‬ᗧ๧ߢ߽㧘㜞ᩞᤨઍߦߢ߈ࠆߛߌᄙߊߩ
AP ⑼⋡ࠍጁୃߒࠃ߁ߣߔࠆߎߣߪℂߦ߆ߥߞߚⴕേߢ޽ࠆߣ⸒߃ࠆߩߢ޽ࠆ‫ޕ‬㧔㧟㧕౉ቇ⠪ㆬᛮᤨߦ߅ߌࠆ㈩ᘦ
 AP ࡊࡠࠣ࡜ࡓ߳ෳടߔࠆߎߣߦࠃߞߡ↢ᓤ߇ᓧࠆࡔ࡝࠶࠻ߪ㧘એ਄ߩࠃ߁ߥ AP ⹜㛎⚿ᨐ߇ᄢቇߢන૏ߣߒߡ⹺ቯߐࠇࠆߎߣߛߌߢߪߥߊ㧘ߘࠇ߇ᄢቇ౉ቇ⠪ㆬᛮߩ㓙ߦ᦭೑ߦ௛ߊߎߣ
ߢ߽޽ࠆ‫ߪࠇߎޕ‬㜞ᩞ↢ߦߣߞߡߪන૏⹺ቯએ਄ߦ㊀ⷐߢ޽ࠆ߆߽ߒࠇߥ޿‫ޕ‬ࠕࡔ࡝ࠞߦ߅޿ߡ 90㧑એ਄ߩᄢቇ߇౉ቇ⠪ࠍㆬᛮߔࠆ㓙ߦ AP ⹜㛎ߩ⚿ᨐࠍ⠨ᘦߒߡ޿ࠆߎ
ߣߪߔߢߦ␜ߒߚ߇㧘޿ߕࠇߩᄢቇߢ߽ AP ⹜㛎ߢᅢᚑ❣ࠍ޽ߍߚ↢ᓤࠍⓍᭂ⊛ߦ⹏ଔߒߡ޿
ࠆ‫ߦࠄߐޕ‬㧘AP ⹜㛎ߩ⚿ᨐߦ㑐ࠊࠄߕ㧘AP ⹜㛎ߩฃ㛎޽ࠆ޿ߪ AP ⑼⋡ጁୃ⥄૕ࠍ⹏ଔߔࠆ
ᄢቇ߽޽ࠆ‫ߚ߹ޕ‬㧘ࠬࡓ࡯࠭ߦතᬺߒߡ޿ߌࠆ↢ᓤࠍㆬᛮߒߚ޿ᄢቇߢߪ㧘AP ⑼⋡ߩࠃ߁ߥᄢቇ࡟ࡌ࡞ߩ⑼⋡ࠍ㜞ᩞߢ⚻㛎ߒߡ޿ࠆ↢ᓤߪᄢቇߩቇ჻ภࠍขᓧߔࠆน⢻ᕈ߇㜞޿ߣ⠨߃㧘㜞ᩞߦ߅޿ߡ AP ⑼⋡ࠍጁୃߒߡ߈ߚߎߣࠍᄢቇ౉⹜ߦ߅ߌࠆᦨ߽㊀ⷐߥⷐ࿃ߣߒߡᝒ߃ߡ޿
ࠆߩߢ޽ࠆ‫ߡߞ߇ߚߒޕ‬㧘ߚߣ߃ AP ⹜㛎ߩ⚿ᨐ߇ 1 ߿ 2 ߢ޽ߞߚߣߒߡ߽㧘AP ⑼⋡ࠍጁୃߒߥ߆ߞߚ↢ᓤࠃࠅ߽ᅢ߹ߒ޿ߣߣࠄ߃ࠆᄢቇ߽޽ࠆߩߢ޽ࠆ‫ ߦ߁ࠃߩߎޕ‬AP ࡊࡠࠣ࡜ࡓ߳
ෳടߔࠆߎߣߪ㧘㜞ᩞ↢ߦߣߞߡ౉ቇ⠪ㆬᛮߩ㓙ߦ᦭೑ߦ௛ߊലᨐ߽ᜬߞߡ޿ࠆߩߢ޽ࠆ‫ޕ‬߹ߚ㧘↢ᓤ߇ AP ࡊࡠࠣ࡜ࡓ߳ෳടߔࠆ೎ߩℂ↱ߣߒߡߪ㧘ᚑ❣ᐔဋὐ㧔GPA㧕ߩ਄᣹ߣ޿
߁ࡔ࡝࠶࠻߇޽ࠆ‫ޕ‬GPA ߣߪ㧘㜞ᩞߦ߅ߌࠆ↢ᓤߩᚑ❣ᐔဋὐࠍ␜ߒ㧘ᄢቇ౉ቇ⠪ㆬᛮߩ㓙ߦ↢ᓤߩวุࠍ᳿ቯߔࠆ㊀ⷐߥᜰᮡߩ৻ߟߣߥࠆ߇㧘ฦ⑼⋡ߩᦨ㜞୯ߪ 4 ὐߢ޽ࠅ㧘ߒߚ߇ߞߡ
ᐔဋὐߩᦨ㜞୯߽ 4 ὐߣߥࠆ‫ߒߛߚޕ‬㧘AP ⑼⋡ߩ႐วߪᦨ㜞୯߇ 4 ὐࠃࠅ߽㜞ߊߥߞߡ޿ࠆ
ߩߢ޽ࠆ‫ޕ‬ታߪߎࠇߪ UCLA ߛߌߩߎߣߢߪߥߊ㧘ࠞ࡝ࡈࠔ࡞࠾ࠕᎺో૕ߩᄢቇߦ㑐ଥߔࠆߎߣߢ޽ࠆ‫߫߃଀ޕ‬㧘AP ⑼⋡ࠍጁୃߒ㧘⌀㕙⋡ߦ᝼ᬺߦ಴Ꮸߒ㧘੍⠌ᓳ⠌߽චಽߦߒߡ޿ߚ↢ᓤߦߪ㧔AP ⹜㛎ߩ⚿ᨐߣߪή㑐ଥߦ㧕㜞ᩞߩᚑ❣⴫ߦ A ߇⸥౉ߐࠇ㧘ߘࠇ߇ 5 ὐߣߒߡࠞ࠙
ࡦ࠻ߐࠇࠆߎߣߦߥࠆߩߢ޽ࠆ‫ ߪࠇߘޕ‬AP ⹜㛎ࠍฃ㛎ߒߚ߆ุ߆ߦ㑐ࠊࠄߕ㧘AP ⑼⋡ࠍጁୃߒߚߎߣߦኻߔࠆࡏ࡯࠽ࠬࡐࠗࡦ࠻ࠍᗧ๧ߔࠆ‫ߡߞࠃߦࠇߎޕ‬㧘1997㧙98 ᐕߦ߅ߌࠆࠞ࡝
ࡈࠜ࡞࠾ࠕᄢቇࡃ࡯ࠢ࡟࡯ᩞߩᣂ౉↢ߩ߁ߜ㧘41㧑ߩ↢ᓤߩ GPA ߩ୯߇ 4 ߢ޽ߞߚߣ޿߁‫ޕ‬߽ߜࠈࠎ㧘㜞ᩞߦ߅ߌࠆోߡߩ᝼ᬺߢ A ࠍ₪ᓧߒߚ↢ᓤ߽޿ߚ߇㧘ᄙߊߪ AP ⑼⋡ߦࠃࠆࡏ࡯
࠽ࠬࡐࠗࡦ࠻߇ട▚ߐࠇߚߚ߼ߦ㧘౉ቇ⠪ㆬᛮߩ㓙ߩ GPA ߇ 4 ߢ޽ߞߚߩߢ޽ࠆ‫↢ߗߥޕ‬ᓤ߇ AP ⑼⋡ࠍጁୃߒߚ߇ࠆ߆ߩࠞ࡜ࠢ࡝߇ߎߎߦ޽ࠆ‫ߡߞ߇ߚߒޕ‬㧘㕖Ᏹߦᄙߊߩ↢ᓤ߇ AP⹜㛎ࠍฃ㛎ߖߕߦ⑼⋡ጁୃߩߺࠍߒߡ޿ߚߣߒߡ߽૗ࠄਇᕁ⼏ߢߪߥ޿‫ޕ‬ታ㓙㧘AP ࡊࡠࠣ࡜ࡓ዁᧪ᆔຬળ㧔TheCommissionontheFutureoftheAdvancedPlacementProgram㧕ߪ㧘⑼⋡߿Ꮊߦࠃߞߡ⇣ߥࠆ߇㧘AP ⑼⋡ࠍጁୃߒߚ↢ᓤߩ߁ߜ 3 ಽߩ 1 એ਄߇ AP ⹜㛎ࠍฃߌߡ޿ߥ޿ߣ 2001 ᐕߦផቯߒߡ޿ࠆߩߢ޽ࠆ‫ޕ‬

― 73 ―

㧟㧚ࠞ࡝ࡈࠜ࡞࠾ࠕᎺ┙ᄢቇߩ଀
㧔㧝㧕ቇ჻ᢎ⢒⺖⒟
 ᰴߦ㧘╙ੑߩ੐଀ߣߒߡࠞ࡝ࡈࠜ࡞࠾ࠕᎺ┙ᄢቇ㧔CSU㧕ࡠࠨࡦ࠯࡞ࠬᩞࠍߺߡ޿ߊߎߣߦ
ߔࠆ‫ࠬ࡞࠯ࡦࠨࡠߩߎޕ‬ᩞߦ㒢ࠄߕࠞ࡝ࡈࠜ࡞࠾ࠕᎺ┙ᄢቇߩቇ჻ߩ⒳㘃ߦߪᢥቇ჻
㧔BachelorofArts㧕㧘ℂቇ჻㧔BachelorofScience㧕㧘㖸ᭉቇ჻㧔BachelorofMusic㧕㧘⡯ᬺᢎ⢒ቇ჻㧔BachelorofVocationalEducation㧕ߩ 4 ⒳㘃߇޽ࠅ㧘ߘࠇߙࠇߩቇ჻ߦߟ޿ߡข
ᓧߔߴ߈න૏ᢙߪ⇣ߥߞߡ޿ࠆ‫ߜࠊߥߔޕ‬㧘ᢥቇ჻ߣ⡯ᬺᢎ⢒ቇ჻ߦߟ޿ߡߪ 180 ߆ࠄ 186 න૏ࠍขᓧߔࠆᔅⷐ߇޽ࠅ㧘㖸ᭉቇ჻ߦߟ޿ߡߪ 189 න૏㧘ℂቇ჻ߦߟ޿ߡߪ 180 ߆ࠄ 204 න૏ࠍขᓧߒߥߊߡߪߥࠄߥ޿‫ޕ‬ ߹ߚ㧘ࠞ࡝ࡈࠜ࡞࠾ࠕᎺ┙ᄢቇߩቇ↢ߪ㧘තᬺⷐઙߣߒߡ 㧘‫ ޟ‬Writing Proficiency
Examination WPE ‫ ߦ ޠ‬ว ᩰ ߔ ࠆ ߎ ߣ ߦ ࠃ ߞ ߡ 㧘‫ ޟ‬Graduation Writing Assessment
Requirement GWAR ‫ࠍޠ‬ḩߚߔᔅⷐ߇޽ࠆ‫ޕ‬ቇ↢ߪ‫ޟ‬WPE‫ࠍޠ‬ฃߌࠆ೨ߦ㧘߹ߕߪ‫⺆⧷ޟ‬101‫ ⺆⧷ޟߣޠ‬102‫ࠍޠ‬ጁୃߒ㧘ᦨૐ C ࠍขᓧߒߥߊߡߪߥࠄߥ޿‫ߡߒߘޕ‬㧘135 න૏ࠍขᓧ
ߔࠆ೨ߦ‫ޟ‬WPE‫ࠍޠ‬ฃߌ㧘วᩰߔࠆᔅⷐ߇޽ࠆ‫ޕ‬135 න૏ࠍขᓧߔࠆ߹ߢߦ‫ޟ‬WPE‫ߦޠ‬วᩰߒߡ޿ߥ޿ቇ↢ߪ㧘ᚑ❣ᦠߦ଻⇐ߣ⸥ߐࠇ㧘‫ޟ‬WPE‫ߦޠ‬วᩰߔࠆ߹ߢߤߩࠦ࡯ࠬࠍጁୃߔࠆߎ
ߣ߽ߢ߈ߥ޿‫ޕ‬‫ޟ‬WPE‫ߦޠ‬ਇวᩰߢ޽ߞߚቇ↢ߪ㧘
‫ޟ‬WPE‫ߒ⺣⋧ߣ࠻ࡦ࠲࡞ࠨࡦࠦߩޠ‬㧘⹜㛎ߢਇ⿷ߒߡ޿ߚὐߦߟ޿ߡ⹤ߒว޿㧘ߘߩਇ⿷ߒߡ޿ࠆㇱಽࠍᱜߔߚ߼ߩഥ⸒ࠍ߽ࠄ߁‫ߩߘޕ‬ഥ⸒ߦၮߠ޿ߡ㧘ቇ↢ߪ‫ޟ‬WPE‫ࠍޠ‬ౣฃ㛎ߔࠆ߆㧘޽ࠆ޿ߪ TheUpperDivisionWriting
Proficiencyࠦ࡯ࠬߢ޽ࠆ UNIV401 ࠍጁୃߔࠆߎߣߦߥࠆ‫ޕ‬ ߘࠇߙࠇߩතᬺ✚න૏ᢙߦ฽߹ࠇࠆ߽ߩߪ㧘‫⥸৻ޟ‬ᢎ⢒㧔General'ducation㧕‫ߩߢޠ‬න૏ߣ
‫ޟ‬ኾ᡹‫ߩߢޠ‬න૏㧘ߘࠇߦ‫ޟ‬ㆬᛯ⑼⋡‫ߩߢޠ‬න૏ߢ޽ࠆ‫ޕ‬‫⥸৻ޟ‬ᢎ⢒‫ ߪߡ޿ߟߦޠ‬72 න૏߇ᔅⷐߢ㧘ߘࠇߪ LowerDivision ࠦ࡯ࠬߢ 60 න૏㧘UpperDivisionTheme㧔㑐ㅪߩ޽ࠆ࠹࡯ࡑ
ߩ⑼⋡ࠍጁୃߔࠆ㧕ߢ 12 න૏ࠍߘࠇߙࠇḩߚߐߥߌࠇ߫ߥࠄߥ޿‫ޕ‬LowerDivision ࠦ࡯ࠬߣ
ߪ㧘100 ߆ࠄ 299 ߩ⇟ภ߇ߟ޿ߚࠦ࡯ࠬࠍᜰߒ㧘UpperDivisionTheme ࠦ࡯ࠬߪ 300 ߆ࠄ
499 ߹ߢߩ⇟ภ߇ߟ޿ߚࠦ࡯ࠬࠍᜰߒߡ޿ࠆ‫ޕ‬ᰴߦ‫ޟ‬ኾ᡹‫ߩߢޠ‬න૏ߦߟ޿ߡߪ㧘ᔅⷐන૏ᢙ߇ኾ᡹ߦࠃߞߡ⇣ߥߞߡ޿ࠆ߇㧘ᦨૐ 60 න૏ࠍኾ᡹߇ᜰቯߔࠆ਄⚖⑼⋡㧔UpperDivision㧦300 ߆ࠄ 499 ߩ⇟ภ߇ߟߊ⑼⋡㧕ߢขᓧߒߥ
ߊߡߪߥࠄߥ޿‫ ߅ߥޕ‬500 એ਄ߩ⇟ภߩࠦ࡯ࠬߪ㧘ᄢቇ㒮↢ะߌߩࠦ࡯ࠬߢ޽ࠆߚ߼ቇ჻⺖⒟ߩቇ↢ߪጁୃߔࠆߎߣ߇ߢ߈ߥ޿‫ޕ‬ ᦨᓟߦ‫ޟ‬ㆬᛯ⑼⋡‫ߪߡ޿ߟߦޠ‬㧘⥄↱ߦㆬ߱ߎߣ߇ߢ߈ࠆ߇㧘තᬺߦᔅⷐߥ✚න૏ᢙ 180 න
૏⒟ᐲ㧔ኾ᡹ߦࠃࠅ⇣ߥࠆ㧕ࠍḩߚߔࠃ߁ߦ৻⥸ᢎ⢒ߣኾ᡹ߢขᓧߒߚන૏ᢙࠍᏅߒᒁ޿ߚಽ
ߛߌขᓧߒߥߌࠇ߫ߥࠄߥ޿ߎߣߦߥࠆ‫ޕ‬
㧔㧞㧕#2 ⹜㛎ߦࠃࠆන૏ߩ⹺ቯ ࠞ࡝ࡈࠜ࡞࠾ࠕᎺ┙ᄢቇߢߪ㧘AP ⹜㛎ߢ 3 એ਄ߩᚑ❣ࠍ෼߼ߚ႐ว㧘9 න૏㧔quarterunits㧕― 74 ―

߹ߢㆬᛯ⑼⋡ߣߒߡߩන૏ࠍ⹺߼ߡ޿ࠆ‫ޕ‬ㆬᛯ⑼⋡એᄖߩ AP ⹜㛎ߦࠃࠆන૏⹺ቯߪ㧘ቇㇱߏߣߦ⇣ߥߞߡ޿ࠆ‫ ⴫ޕ‬5㧙3 ߪ㧘AP ⑼⋡ߣᄢቇߢ⹺ቯߔࠆ⑼⋡ฬߣන૏ᢙࠍ␜ߒߡ޿ࠆ‫ޕ‬⴫㧡㧙㧟 ࠞ࡝ࡈࠜ࡞࠾ࠕᎺ┙ᄢቇߦ߅ߌࠆ #2 ߩන૏⹺ቯ
AP ⹜㛎⑼⋡ᚑ❣

ᄢቇߢߩ⑼⋡㧔න૏ᢙ㧕ㆬᛯ⑼⋡ߣߒ
ߡߩන૏ᢙ

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4ࡒࠢࡠ⚻ᷣቇ⛔⸘ቇ⧷⺆࡮૞ᢥ
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࡜࠹ࡦ㧧࠙ࠚ࡞ࠡ࡝࠙ࠬᓸⓍಽ AB

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55࡜࠹ࡦ 100C 4 ߣ࡜࠹ࡦ 222 4 

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1಴ᚲ㧕CSULA (2008). Admissions General Information.
<http://catalog.calstatela.edu/NXT/gateway.dll?f=templates$fn=default.htm$3.0$vid=calstate:current> ࠍ߽ߣߦ╩⠪૞ᚑ‫ޕ‬ AP ⹜㛎ߩᚑ❣ߦᔕߓߡන૏ߩ⹺ቯࠍⴕ߁႐ว㧘ࠞ࡝ࡈࠜ࡞࠾ࠕᎺ┙ᄢቇߪ㧘1 ⑼⋡ߦ㑐ߒߡ
9 න૏ࠍ⹺߼ߡ޿ࠆߣߎࠈ߇࡙࠾࡯ࠢߢ޽ࠆ‫߼ߚߩߘޕ‬㧘ฃ㛎ߒߚ⑼⋡ߦߟ޿ߡᄢቇߢ⋧ᒰߔࠆ⑼⋡ߩන૏߇ 9 એਅߢ޽ࠆ႐วߪ㧘ߘߩᱷࠅߩන૏ᢙ߇ㆬᛯ⑼⋡ߦട▚ߐࠇࠆ઀⚵ߺߣߥߞߡ޿ࠆ‫߫߃଀ޕ‬㧘⴫ߩ‫⧷ޟ‬ᢥቇ࡮૞ᢥ‫ߣࠆߺࠍޠ‬㧘AP ⹜㛎ߩᚑ❣߇ 3 ߢ޽ࠆ႐ว㧘ߘࠇߦࠃ― 75 ―

ߞߡ‫ ⺆⧷ޟ‬101‫ ߩޠ‬4 න૏ࠍ⹺ቯߐࠇ㧘ᱷࠅߩ 5 න૏ߪㆬᛯ⑼⋡ߩන૏ᢙߣߒߡട▚ߐࠇࠆߎߣߦߥࠆ‫ߚ߹ޕ‬ห৻ AP ⑼⋡ߩ⹜㛎ߩᚑ❣߇ 4 ޽ࠆ޿ߪ 5 ߩ႐ว㧘‫ ⺆⧷ޟ‬101‫ ⺆⧷ޟߣޠ‬250‫ޠ‬ߦߟ޿ߡߘࠇߙࠇ 4 න૏ߩว⸘ 8 න૏ࠍ⹺߼ࠄࠇࠆߚ߼㧘ㆬᛯ⑼⋡ߣߒߡߩ⹺ቯන૏ᢙߪ 1 ߣߥࠆ‫ޕ‬ห᭽ߦ㧘‫ޟ‬ᓸⓍಽ AB‫ߦޠ‬㑐ߒߡߪ㧘AP ⹜㛎ߩᚑ❣߇ 3 ߽ߒߊߪ 4 ߩ႐ว㧘‫ޟ‬ᢙቇ 206‫ޠ‬
ߩ 4 න૏߇⹺ቯߐࠇ㧘หߓ AP ⑼⋡ߩ⹜㛎ᚑ❣߇ 5 ߩ႐วߦߪ‫ޟ‬ᢙቇ 206‫ޟߣޠ‬ᢙቇ 207‫ߦޠ‬ߟ޿ߡߘࠇߙࠇ 4 න૏ߩว⸘ 8 න૏߇⹺߼ࠄࠇࠆߎߣߦߥࠆ‫ߡߒߘޕ‬ᱷࠅ 1 න૏ߪㆬᛯ⑼⋡ߩන૏ߣߒߡ⹺߼ࠄࠇࠆߎߣߦߥࠆߩߢ޽ࠆ‫ޕ‬ ߹ߚ‫⚻ࡠࠢࡒޟ‬ᷣቇ‫ ߩޠ‬AP ⹜㛎ߢ 4 ߽ߒߊߪ 5 ࠍขߞߚ႐ว㧘‫⥸৻ޟ‬ᢎ⢒‫ߊߥߪߢޠ‬㧘‫ޟ‬ኾ᡹‫ߩޠ‬න૏ߣߒߡ⹺ቯߒߡ߽ࠄ߃ࠆߚ߼㧘ߎߎߢߪ⸥ߐࠇߡ޿ߥ޿‫ࠃߖߦࠇߕ޿ޕ‬㧘ࠞ࡝ࡈࠜ࡞࠾ࠕᎺ┙ᄢቇߩ႐วߪ㧘UCLA ߩࠤ࡯ࠬࠃࠅ߽㧘ᄙߊ AP න૏ࠍᄢቇߩන૏ߣߒߡ⹺ቯߒ߽
ࠄ߃ࠆߎߣ߇ࠊ߆ࠆ‫ޕ‬ᄙߊߩ⑼⋡ߩ AP ⹜㛎ߢఝ⑲ߥᚑ❣ࠍߣߞߡ޿ࠆ↢ᓤ߇ߎߩᄢቇߦ౉ቇ
ߒߚ႐ว㧘౉ቇᤨὐߢ߆ߥࠅߩන૏߇⹺߼ࠄࠇ㧘3 ᐕ㑆ߢතᬺߔࠆߎߣ߽ᄞߢߪߥ޿‫ޕ‬㧠㧚ࠬ࠲ࡦࡈࠜ࡯࠼ᄢቇߩ଀
㧔㧝㧕ቇ჻ᢎ⢒⺖⒟
 ߐࠄߦ㧘╙ਃߩ੐଀ߣߒߡࠬ࠲ࡦࡈࠜ࡯࠼ᄢቇࠍขࠅ਄ߍࠆ‫࠼࡯ࠜࡈࡦ࠲ࠬޕ‬ᄢቇߩቇ჻ߦ
ߪ㧘ᢥቇ჻㧔BachelorofArts㧕㧘ℂቇ჻㧔BachelorofScience㧕㧘ߘߒߡᢥℂቇ჻㧔BachelorofArtsandScience㧕߇޽ࠆ‫ߩࠄࠇߎޕ‬ቇ჻ࠍขᓧߔࠆߚ߼ߦߪ㧘ࠬ࠲ࡦࡈࠜ࡯࠼ᄢቇߢዋߥ
ߊߣ߽ 135 න૏ขᓧߒߚ߁߃ߢ㧘㧔ઁᄢቇߢߩන૏ࠍ߽฽߼ߡ㧕180 න૏ขᓧߒߥߊߡߪߥࠄ
ߥ޿‫ߩߘޕ‬ౝ⸶ߪ㧘‫⥸৻ޟ‬ᢎ⢒㧔GeneralEducation㧕‫ޠ‬㧘‫ࠣࡦࠖ࠹ࠗ࡜ޟ‬㧔Writing㧕‫ޠ‬㧘‫⺆⸒ޟ‬
㧔Language㧕‫ޠ‬㧘‫ޟ‬ਥኾ᡹⑼⋡‫ޠ‬㧘‫ޟ‬ㆬᛯ⑼⋡‫ߢޠ‬᭴ᚑߐࠇߡ޿ࠆ‫ޕ‬‫ޟ‬ㆬᛯ⑼⋡‫↱⥄ߪߡ޿ߟߦޠ‬ߦ⑼⋡ࠍㆬᛯߔࠆߎߣ߇ߢ߈ࠆ‫ޕ‬ ࠬ࠲ࡦࡈࠜ࡯࠼ᄢቇߩቇ↢ߪ㧘ࠢࠜ࡯࠲࡯㧔1 ቇᦼ 10 ㅳ㑆㧕ߏߣߦᦨૐ 12 න૏ࠍጁୃߔࠆ
ᔅⷐ߇޽ࠆ‫ߦࠄߐޕ‬㧘ߘߩ߁ߜᦨૐ 9 න૏ߪขᓧߔࠆߎߣ㧘ᦨㄭߩ 3 ࠢࠜ࡯࠲࡯ߦ߅޿ߡᦨૐ
36 න૏ขᓧߔࠆߎߣ㧘GPA ߦߟ޿ߡߪᦨૐ 2.0 ߢ޽ࠆὐࠍḩߚߒߡ޿ߊᔅⷐ߇޽ࠆ‫ߡߒߘޕ‬ߎ߁ߒߚ᧦ઙࠍḩߚߒߡ޿ߊਛߢว⸘ 180 න૏ࠍขᓧߔࠇ߫තᬺߢ߈ࠆߎߣߦߥࠆ‫ޕ‬ ߥ߅㧘‫⥸৻ޟ‬ᢎ⢒‫ߦޠ‬฽߹ࠇࠆ⑼⋡ߪ㧘ᰴߩߣ߅ࠅߢ޽ࠆ‫ߕ߹ޕ‬㧘‫ੱޟ‬ᢥ⑼ቇ᭎⺰‫ߪޠ‬㧘ੱ㘃ߩᕁᗐ㧘ଔ୯㧘ା᧦㧘ഃㅧᕈ㧘ߘߒߡᢥൻߦ㑐ߔࠆീᒝߩၮ␆ࠍ૞ࠅ਄ߍࠆ߽ߩߢ㧘3 ࠢࠜ࡯࠲࡯ㅪ⛯ߩ⑼⋡ߣߥߞߡ޿ࠆ‫ޕ‬‫ޟ‬ኾ㐷ᮮᢿ⑼㧔DisciplinaryBreadth㧕‫ߪޠ‬㧘Ꮏቇ㧘ᔕ↪⑼ቇ㧘
ੱᢥ⑼ቇ㧘ᢙቇ㧘⥄ὼ⑼ቇ㧘ߘߒߡ␠ળ⑼ቇߩಽ㊁ߢߩ⚻㛎ࠍⓍ߻ߎߣߦࠃߞߡ㧘ቇ↢ߩᢎ⢒
ߩ᏷㧔EducationalBreadth㧕ࠍᐢߍࠆࠦ࡯ࠬߢ޽ࠆ‫ߪࠬ࡯ࠦߩࠇߙࠇߘޕ‬ฦಽ㊁ߩ 5 ߟߩࠦ࡯ࠬࠍጁୃߔࠇ߫න૏ࠍขᓧߔࠆߎߣ߇ߢ߈ࠆ‫ޟߦࠄߐޕ‬Ꮢ᳃ᮭᢎ⢒‫ߪޠ‬㧘⇣ߥࠆಽ㊁ߢ 2 ߟߩࠦ࡯ࠬࠍጁୃߔࠆ߆㧘޽ࠆ޿ߪ 2 ߟߩ‫ޟ‬ኾ㐷ᮮᢿ⑼‫ࠍޠ‬ጁୃߔࠆߎߣߦࠃߞߡන૏ࠍขᓧߔ
ࠆߎߣ߇ߢ߈ࠆ‫ޕ‬Ꮢ᳃ᮭߩࠦ࡯ࠬߪ㧘‫ޟ‬㆏ᓼផ⺰‫ޠ‬㧘‫ޠࠖ࠹࠾ࡘࡒࠦ࡞ࡃ࡯ࡠࠣޟ‬㧘‫ࠞ࡝ࡔࠕޟ‬ᢥൻ‫ޠ‬㧘‫࡯࠳ࡦࠚࠫޟ‬ቇ‫ ߩޠ‬4 ߟߩಽ㊁߆ࠄ᭴ᚑߐࠇࠆ‫ޕ‬― 76 ―

㧔㧞㧕#2 ࡊࡠࠣ࡜ࡓߩන૏⹺ቯ
ࠬ࠲ࡦࡈࠜ࡯࠼ᄢቇߪ㧘ࠞ࡟࠶ࠫࡏ࡯࠼ߣㅪ៤ߒߡ AP ࡊࡠࠣ࡜ࡓߩ⊒ዷߦ⽸₂ߒߡ޿ࠆᄢ
ቇߢ޽ࠆߚ߼㧘Ყセ⊛Ⓧᭂ⊛ߦ AP ⹜㛎ߩᚑ❣ߦၮߠ޿ߡන૏ߩ⹺ቯࠍⴕߞߡ޿ࠆ‫ ߩߘޕ‬AP
⹜㛎ߦߟ޿ߡߪ㧘ᚑ❣ߦၮߠ߈ಽ㊁ߏߣߦ 10 න૏߹ߢන૏ࠍ⹺߼㧘ᦨᄢ 45 න૏߹ߢ᳿߼ࠄࠇ
ࠆ‫ޕ‬‫⥸৻ޟ‬ᢎ⢒‫ߦޠ‬฽߹ࠇࠆ⑼⋡ߩߥ߆ߢߪ㧘‫ޟ‬ᄖ࿖⺆‫ޠ‬એᄖߩ⑼⋡ߦ㑐ߔࠆන૏ߪ AP ⹜㛎ߦࠃߞߡขᓧߔࠆߎߣߪߢ߈ߥ޿‫ޟߩߘޕ‬ᄖ࿖⺆‫ ߪߡ޿ߟߦޠ‬AP ⹜㛎ߩᚑ❣߇ 4 ޽ࠆ޿ߪ 5 ߢ޽ࠇ߫㧘UniversityForeignLanguage ߩන૏ߣߒߡ⹺ቯߐࠇࠆ‫ޕ‬AP ⹜㛎ߩᚑ❣ߦࠃߞߡ⹺ቯ
ߐࠇࠆන૏ߪතᬺන૏ߣߒߡ⹺߼ࠄࠇߚࠅ㧘ਥኾ᡹ቇ⑼ߦࠃߞߡߪ㧘ߘߩㆬᛯ⑼⋡ߣߒߡ⹺߼
ࠄࠇߚࠅߔࠆ႐ว߽޽ࠆ‫ޕ‬AP ࡊࡠࠣ࡜ࡓߦࠃߞߡන૏ขᓧߒߚ⑼⋡ߦኻᔕߔࠆ⑼⋡ࠍࠬ࠲ࡦࡈࠜ࡯࠼ᄢቇߢጁୃߒߚ႐วߪ㧘ᄢቇߢߩᚑ❣ࠍఝవߔࠆߣ޿߁ⷙ⒟߽޽ࠆ‫ޕ‬਄ㅀߒߚߣ߅ࠅ㧘AP ⹜㛎ߩᚑ❣ߦࠃߞߡ⹺߼ࠄࠇࠆቇ჻ቇ૏ขᓧߩߚ߼ߩන૏ᢙߪ㧘ᦨ㜞
ߢ 45 න૏ߢ޽ࠆ‫ࠇߘޕ‬એ਄ߩᢙߩන૏ࠍขᓧߒߚ႐ว㧘ࠬ࠲ࡦࡈࠜ࡯࠼ᄢቇߩᚑ❣⸽᣿ᦠߦߪ⸥タߐࠇࠆ߇㧘45 න૏߹ߢߒ߆ቇ჻ภขᓧߩߚ߼ߩන૏ᢙߣߒߡࠞ࠙ࡦ࠻ߐࠇߥ޿‫ࡦ࠲ࠬޕ‬ࡈࠜ࡯࠼ᄢቇߦ߅ߌࠆ AP ࡊࡠࠣ࡜ࡓࠍ฽߻ᄖㇱ߆ࠄߩන૏⹺ቯߪ㧘Ფᐕ⷗⋥ߐࠇࠆ߇㧘2008ᐕߦ߅޿ߡ㧘ࠬ࠲ࡦࡈࠜ࡯࠼ᄢቇ߇න૏⹺ቯࠍⴕ߁ AP ⑼⋡ߪ⴫ 5㧙4 ߩߣ߅ࠅߢ޽ࠆ‫ޕ‬
2008 ᐕߦߪࠬ࠲ࡦࡈࠜ࡯࠼ᄢቇߪ㧘એ਄ߩ 15 ⑼⋡ߩ AP ⹜㛎ᚑ❣ߦᔕߓߡන૏⹺ቯߒߡ਄
⚖ࠢ࡜ࠬ߳ߩ㈩⟎ࠍⴕߞߡ޿ࠆ‫ߕ߹ޕ‬㧘⸒⺆⑼⋡ߦߟ޿ߡߪ㧘‫ޟ‬ਛ࿖⺆‫ޠ‬㧘‫ޠ⺆ࠬࡦ࡜ࡈޟ‬
㧘
‫ࠗ࠼ޟ‬
࠷⺆‫ޠ‬
㧘
‫ޟ‬ᣣᧄ⺆‫ޠ‬㧘‫ ߩޠ⺆ࡦࠗࡍࠬޟ‬5 ⑼⋡ߦ㑐ߒߡන૏ߩ⹺ቯࠍⴕߞߡ޿ࠆ‫ ߩߎޕ‬5 ߟߩ⸒⺆⑼⋡ߩ AP ⹜㛎ߢᚑ❣߇ 5 ߢ޽ࠆ႐วߪ 10 න૏ࠍขᓧߒ㧘㜞޿࡟ࡌ࡞ߩ⑼⋡߆ࠄ಴⊒ߔࠆߎߣ߇ߢ߈ࠆ‫ߒߛߚޕ‬ᡷ߼ߡࠢ࡜ࠬಽߌ⹜㛎ࠍฃߌߥߊߡߪߥࠄߥ޿ߎߣߦߥߞߡ޿ࠆ‫ߚߒ߁ߎޕ‬ὐ߆ࠄ㧘หᄢቇ߇వߩ 2 ᩞߩࠤ࡯ࠬࠃࠅ߽߆ߥࠅࡂ࡯࠼࡞߇㜞޿ߎߣ߇ࠊ߆ࠆ‫ߚ߹ޕ‬㧘AP ⑼⋡ߦߪ㧘⸒⺆ߦ㑐ߔࠆ⑼⋡ߣߒߡ‫ޟ‬ᢥቇ‫߇ࠆ޿ߡߌ⸳߽⋡⑼ߩޠ‬㧘ࠬ࠲ࡦࡈࠜ࡯࠼ᄢቇߩ႐วߪ㧘ߘߩࠃ߁ߥᢥቇߦ㑐ㅪߔࠆ AP ⑼⋡ߦߟ޿ߡߪන૏ߩ⹺ቯࠍߒߥ޿ߣߎࠈ߇࡙࠾࡯ࠢߢ޽ࠆ‫ޕ‬
ᰴߦ㧘ℂ♽ߩ⑼⋡ߦߟ޿ߡߺࠆߣ㧘‫ޟ‬ൻቇ‫ ߩޠ‬AP ⹜㛎ߢ 5 ࠍ₪ᓧߔࠆߣ 4 න૏ࠍ⹺ቯߐࠇ㧘ߐࠄߦᄢቇߢ߽‫ޟ‬ൻቇ‫ࠍࠬ࡯ࠦߩޠ‬ኾ᡹ߔࠆ႐วߪ㧘‫ޟ‬ൻቇ‫ߩޠ‬ೋ⚖ࠦ࡯ࠬࠍ㘧߫ߒߡ਄⚖ࠦ࡯ࠬߢ޽ࠆ 31X ߆㧘ߘࠇએ਄ߩࠦ࡯ࠬࠍጁୃߔࠆߎߣ߇⸵นߐࠇࠆ‫ޕ‬‫ޟ‬ᖱႎ⑼ቇ AB‫ߪޠ‬㧘AP ⹜㛎ߩᚑ❣߇ 4 ޽ࠆ޿ߪ 5 ߢ޽ࠇ߫㧘5 න૏⹺ቯߐࠇ㧘ߐࠄߦᄢቇߢ߽ห⑼⋡ࠦ࡯ࠬࠍጁୃߔࠆ
႐วߪ㧘‫ޟ‬CS106B‫ޟ߆ޠ‬CS106X‫ޠ‬㧘޽ࠆ޿ߪ㧘
‫ޟ‬CS107‫ࠍޠ‬ጁୃߔࠆߎߣ߇ߢ߈ࠆ‫ޕ‬‫ޟ‬ᖱႎ⑼ቇ A‫߽ޠ‬ห᭽ߦ㧘AP ⹜㛎ߩᚑ❣߇ 4 ޽ࠆ޿ߪ 5 ߢ޽ࠇ߫ 5 න૏ࠍ⹺ቯߐࠇ㧘ߐࠄߦᄢቇߢ߽ߘߩ⑼⋡ࠍጁୃߔࠆ႐วߪ‫ޟ‬CS106B‫ޟߪߚ߹ޠ‬CS106X‫ࠄ߆ޠ‬ጁୃߔࠆߎߣ߇น⢻ߢ޽ࠆ‫ޕ‬‫ޟ‬ᓸⓍಽ AB‫ߪޠ‬㧘AP ⹜㛎ߩᚑ❣߇ 5 ߢ޽ࠇ߫ 10 න૏ࠍ⹺ቯߐࠇ㧘ߐࠄߦᄢቇߢᢙቇࠍ
ጁୃߔࠆ⠪ߪ‫ޟ‬MATH51‫ࠄ߆ޠ‬ጁୃน⢻ߢ޽ࠆ߇㧘AP ⹜㛎ߩᚑ❣߇ 4 ߢ޽ࠆ⠪ߦߟ޿ߡߪ㧘5න૏ࠍ⹺ቯߒ㧘ߐࠄߦᄢቇߢ߽ห⑼⋡ࠍጁୃߔࠆ㓙ߪ‫ޟ‬MATH42‫ࠄ߆ޠ‬ጁୃน⢻ߣߥߞߡ޿ࠆ‫ޕ‬

― 77 ―

⴫㧡㧙㧠 ࠬ࠲ࡦࡈࠜ࡯࠼ᄢቇ߇න૏⹺ቯࠍⴕ߁ #2 ⑼⋡
⹜㛎⑼⋡

ᚑ❣

㈩⟎

න૏

ൻቇ

5

CHEM31Xorabove

4

ਛ࿖⺆

5

ࠢ࡜ࠬಽߌ⹜㛎ࠍฃ㛎ߔࠆ‫ޕ‬10

ᖱႎ⑼ቇ AB

4, 5

CS106B,CS106X,orCS107

5

ᖱႎ⑼ቇ A

4, 5

CS106B,orCS106X

5ࡈ࡜ࡦࠬ⺆

5ࠢ࡜ࠬಽߌ⹜㛎ࠍฃ㛎ߔࠆ‫ޕ‬

10

࠼ࠗ࠷⺆

5

ࠢ࡜ࠬಽߌ⹜㛎ࠍฃ㛎ߔࠆ‫ޕ‬

10

ᣣᧄ⺆

5

ࠢ࡜ࠬಽߌ⹜㛎ࠍฃ㛎ߔࠆ‫ޕ‬10

5MATH51

10

4MATH42

54, 5

MATH51

10

3MATH42

55MATH51

10

4MATH42

5

5

PHYSICS25

8

4

PHYSICS23and25

4

ᓸⓍಽ ABᓸⓍಽ BCᓸⓍಽ ABࠨࡉࠬࠦࠕ
‛ℂቇ B
‛ℂቇ C

4, 5

PHYSICS43and45orPHYSICS23and25

4

㧔ജቇ㧕

3

PHYSICS41,43,and45orPHYSICS23and25

4‛ℂቇ C

4, 5

PHYSICS41and45orPHYSICS21and25

5㧔㔚᳇ቇ㧘⏛᳇ቇ㧕

3

PHYSICS41,43,and45orPHYSICS21and25

4‛ℂቇ C

4, 5

PHYSICS45orPHYSICS25

9

㧔ജቇ㧘
㔚᳇ቇ㧘
⏛᳇ቇ㧕

3

PHYSICS41,43,and45orPHYSICS25

8ࠬࡍࠗࡦ⺆

5ࠢ࡜ࠬಽߌ⹜㛎ࠍฃ㛎ߔࠆ‫ޕ‬

10಴ᚲ㧕StanfordUniversity 2008 .StanfordUniversityCeebAdvancedPlacement AP 
Chart200809.
<httpregistrar.stanford.edupdfAPAChartA200809.pdf>ࠍ߽ߣߦ╩⠪૞ᚑ‫ޕ‬৻ᣇ㧘‫ޟ‬ᓸⓍಽ BC‫ ߩޠ‬AP ⹜㛎ߢ 4 ޽ࠆ޿ߪ 5 ࠍ₪ᓧߒߚ↢ᓤߦߟ޿ߡߪ 10 න૏ࠍ⹺ቯߒ㧘ᄢቇߢ߽ጁୃߔࠆ႐วߪ‫ޟ‬MATH51‫ߩࠄ߆ޠ‬ጁୃ߇น⢻ߢ޽ࠆ‫ߡߒߘޕ‬㧘ᚑ❣߇ 3 ߢ޽ߞߚ⠪ߦߟ޿ߡߪ㧘5 න૏ࠍ⹺ቯߒ㧘ᄢቇߢߩጁୃߪ‫ޟ‬MATH42‫ࠄ߆ޠ‬ᆎ߼ࠆߎߣ߇ߢ߈ࠆ‫ߡߒߘޕ‬㧘‫ޟ‬ᓸⓍಽ AB ࠨࡉࠬࠦࠕ‫⹜ߩޠ‬㛎ߢ 5 ࠍ₪ᓧߔࠇ߫ 10 න૏ࠍ⹺ቯߐࠇ㧘ߐࠄߦᄢቇߢ߽ጁୃ
ߔࠆ႐วߪ MATH51 ߆ࠄߩጁୃ߇น⢻ߢ޽ࠆ‫ޕ‬ᚑ❣߇ 4 ߢ޽ࠇ߫ 5 න૏ࠍ⹺ቯߒ㧘ᄢቇߢߩጁୃߪ MATH42 ߆ࠄ㐿ᆎߔࠆߎߣ߇ߢ߈ࠆ‫‛ޕ‬ℂ B ߦߟ޿ߡߪ㧘AP ⹜㛎ߩᚑ❣߇ 5 ߢ޽ࠇ߫ 8 න૏ࠍ⹺ቯߐࠇ㧘ᄢቇߢߪ PHYSICS25 ߆ࠄጁୃน⢻ߢ޽ࠆ‫ޕ‬ᚑ❣߇ 4 ߢ޽ࠇ߫ 4 න૏ࠍ⹺ቯߐࠇ㧘ᄢቇߢߩጁୃߪ PHYSICS23 ߣ 25 ߆ࠄߩጁୃ߇น⢻ߢ޽ࠆ‫ޕ‬ ߎߩࠃ߁ߦࠬ࠲ࡦࡈࠜ࡯࠼ᄢቇߪ㧘AP ⹜㛎ߩᚑ❣ࠍⓍᭂ⊛ߦන૏⹺ቯߒߡ޿ࠆ߇㧘3 એ਄߇― 78 ―

ᄢቇߢන૏ߣߒߡ⹺ቯߐࠇࠆߣ޿߁ࠞ࡟࠶ࠫࡏ࡯࠼ߩᜰ㊎ࠃࠅ߽㧘ࡂ࡯࠼࡞߇㜞ߊߥߞߡ߅ࠅ㧘⧯ᐓߩ଀ᄖࠍ㒰޿ߡ㧘4 એ਄ߢߥ޿ߣන૏ߣߒߡ⹺߼ࠄࠇߥ޿ߣ޿߁෩ߒ޿߽ߩߣߥߞߡ޿ࠆ‫ޕ‬ߎߩࠃ߁ߦหߓ AP ⹜㛎ߩᚑ❣ߢ޽ߞߡ߽㧘ᄢቇߦࠃߞߡᏅ߇޽ࠆߎߣ߇ߎߎ߆ࠄ⷗ߡขࠇࠆ
ߩߢ޽ࠆ‫ޕ‬㧡㧚߅ࠊࠅߦ
એ਄ᧄ┨ߢߪ㧘ᄢቇߢߩ AP ⹜㛎ߩන૏⹺ቯߦߟ޿ߡౕ૕⊛ߦ⸒෸ߒߡ߈ߚ‫ޕ‬ฦᄢቇ߇න૏
ߣߒߡ⸳ቯߔࠆ AP ⹜㛎ߦ߅ߌࠆᚑ❣߿㧘ᄢቇߩන૏ߣߒߡ⹺ቯߔࠆ⑼⋡ߪ߈ࠊ߼ߡᄙ᭽ߢ޽
ࠆ߇㧘એਅߩ․ᓽ߇޽ࠆߎߣ߇ࠊ߆ߞߚ‫ޕ‬╙৻ߦ㧘ᄢቇߦࠃߞߡන૏ߩ⹺ቯߩ઀ᣇ߇߆ߥࠅ⇣ߥߞߡ޿ࠆߎߣ߇ౕ૕⊛ߦ᣿ࠄ߆ߦߥߞ
ߚ‫࠼࡯ࠜࡈࡦ࠲ࠬޕ‬ᄢቇߪ 3 એਅߩᚑ❣ࠍන૏ߣߒߡ⹺ቯߒߥ޿ߣ޿߁ࠃ߁ߦࡂ࡯࠼࡞ࠍ㜞ߊ⸳ቯߒߡ޿ࠆ‫৻ߩߘޕ‬ᣇ㧘ࠞ࡝ࡈࠜ࡞࠾ࠕᎺ┙ᄢቇߢߪ AP ⹜㛎ߢߩ 3 ߩᚑ❣ࠍߢ߈ࠆߛߌ⹺
߼ߡ޿ߎ߁ߣ޿߁ᆫ൓߇޽ࠆߎߣ߇⷗ߡขࠇߚ‫⋧ߚߒ߁ߎޕ‬㆑ߪ㧘AP ⹜㛎ߩᵴ↪ߦ㑐ߒߡᄢቇߦ᳿ቯᮭ߇଻⸽ߐࠇߡ޿ࠆߎߣࠍ␜ߒߡ޿ࠆ‫ߦ߁ࠃߩߎޕ‬㧘ᄢቇ஥ߩᨵエߥኻᔕ߇น⢻ߢ޽ࠆߣ޿߁ߎߣ߽㧘ᄙߊߩᄢቇ߇ AP ࡊࡠࠣ࡜ࡓߦ㑐ࠊߞߡ޿ࠆℂ↱ߩ৻ߟߢ޽ࠆߣ⸒߃ࠆ‫߽ޕ‬ߜࠈࠎߎߎߢߪ⸒෸ߒߥ߆ߞߚ߇ MIT ߿ߘߩઁߩ৻ㇱߩᄢቇߩࠃ߁ߦ㧘AP ⹜㛎⥄૕ࠍା↪ߒߡ߅ࠄߕ㧘AP ⹜㛎ߩᚑ❣ࠍ৻ಾන૏⹺ቯߒߥ޿ߣ޿߁ᄢቇ߽ሽ࿷ߔࠆߎߣߪ⍮ߞߡ߅ߊᔅⷐ
߇޽ࠆ‫ޕ‬╙ੑߦ㧘ࠞ࡟࠶ࠫࡏ࡯࠼ߩ⺑᣿ߩߣ߅ࠅ㧘AP ⑼⋡ߪᄢቇ 1㧙2 ᐕᰴ࡟ࡌ࡞ߢ޽ࠆߚ߼㧘ᄢቇߩන૏⹺ቯ߽ᄙߊߪ‫⥸৻ޟ‬ᢎ⢒‫߆ޠ‬㧘߽ߒߊߪߘࠇߦ㘃ߔࠆ࡟ࡌ࡞ߢ⹺߼ߡ޿ࠆߎߣ߇ࠊ߆ߞ
ߚ‫ߒߛߚޕ‬㧘ᚑ❣ߦࠃߞߡߪ㧘‫ޟ‬ኾ᡹‫ߩߢޠ‬න૏ߣߒߡ⹺߼ߡ޿ࠆᄢቇ߽޽ࠅ㧘߹ߐߦᄢቇߦࠃ
ߞߡߐ߹ߑ߹ߢ޽ࠆ‫ޕ‬╙ਃߦ㧘AP ⹜㛎ࠍฃߌߥߊߡ߽㧘AP ⑼⋡ࠍጁୃߒߡ޿ࠆߎߣ߇ GPA ߩ਄᣹ߦ⽸₂ߒ㧘ᄢቇ౉ቇ⠪ㆬᛮߦ᦭೑ߦ௛ߊߎߣ߽ࠊ߆ߞߚ‫ߊߥ߽ߢ߹߁⸒ޕ‬㜞ᩞ↢ߦߣߞߡᄢቇㅴቇߪ዁᧪ࠍ
Ꮐฝߔࠆੱ↢ߩォᯏߢ޽ࠆ‫߃ࠁࠇߘޕ‬㧘Ꮧᦸߩᄢቇߦ౉ቇߔࠆน⢻ᕈࠍዋߒߢ߽㜞߼ࠆߚ߼ߦ㧘AP ⑼⋡ߩጁୃࠍᦸ߻↢ᓤߩჇടߦߟߥ߇ߞߡ޿ࠆߣ⸒߃ࠆ‫ߦ․ޕ‬ਥዉ⊛ߥᎺ┙࡮⑳┙ᄢቇ߇㧘AP ⑼⋡ߩጁୃࠍ౉ቇ⠪ㆬᛮߩ㓙ߦ೑↪ߔࠆߎߣߪ㧘ฦ㜞ᩞ߇ߘࠇߛߌ AP ⑼⋡ࠍჇ⸳ߒࠃ߁ߣ
േߊߎߣߦߥࠅ㧘ߘࠇ߇⚿ᨐ⊛ߦߘߩᎺߩࠬ࠲ࡦ࠳࡯࠼ࠍ㜞ߊ⸳ቯߔࠆߎߣߦߟߥ߇ࠅ㧘㜞ᩞߦኻߒߡࠃࠅ⾰ߩ㜞޿ࠞ࡝ࠠࡘ࡜ࡓ߿ᢎ᝼ᴺࠍ᳞߼ࠆࡊ࡟࠶ࠪࡖ࡯ߦ߽ߥࠆߣ޿߁ᗧ๧ߢ⢐ቯ⊛ߥ㕙߽޽ࠆࠃ߁ߢ޽ࠆ‫ޕ‬― 79 ―

‫ޣ‬ᵈ‫ޤ‬
College Board (2008). The 4th Annual AP Report to the Nation.
National Association for College Admission Counseling’s 2003 Survey of College
Admission Officers.
3 California State University Institute for Education Reform, The Advanced Placement
Program California’s 1997-98 Experience, 1999, p.12.
4 B High School (2004). Student Handbook.
5 The Chronicle of Higher Education, January 21, 2005. Scholars Say College Admissions
Offices Misuse Advanced Placement Data.
6 California State University Institute for Education Reform, The Advanced Placement
Program California’s 1997-98 Experience, 1999, p.12.
7 Stanford University (2008). Undergraduate Degree Progress and Academic Standing.
<http://registrar.stanford.edu/students/academics/deg_prog_aca_stg.htm?id=1>
1
2― 80 ―

╙㧢┨ #2 ࡊࡠࠣ࡜ࡓߩലᨐߣ⺖㗴

ዊ㊁ኹ 㚅
㧔᧲ർᄢቇ㧕
㧝㧚ߪߓ߼ߦ
 AP ࡊࡠࠣ࡜ࡓߩర᧪ߩ⋡⊛ߪ㧘㜞ᩞᢎ⢒ߣᄢቇᢎ⢒ߩធ⛯ࠍࠬࡓ࡯࠭ߦߐߖࠆߎߣߦ޽ߞ
ߚ‫ߦ․ޕ‬ఝ⑲ߥ㜞ᩞ↢ߦᄢቇ࡟ࡌ࡞ߩᢎ⢒ࠍฃߌࠆᯏળࠍਈ߃㧘ߘߩ⑼⋡ߦኻߔࠆ㑐ᔃࠍ㜞߼ߐߖࠆߣߣ߽ߦᄢቇߩන૏ߣߒߡ߽⹺ቯߔࠆߣ޿߁߽ߩߢ޽ߞߚ߇㧘ㄭᐕߩᄌൻߪ‫ޟ‬ఝ⑲ߥ‫ޠ‬↢ᓤߩ▸࿐߇᜛߇ࠅ㧘╙ 4 ┨ߢߩ AP ⹜㛎ᚑ❣߆ࠄ᣿ࠄ߆ߦߥߞߚߣ߅ࠅ㧘⚿ᨐ߇⧐ߒߊߥ޿
↢ᓤ߽ᄙᢙ޿ࠆߎߣ߇ࠊ߆ߞߚ‫ߦ߆⏕ޕ‬㧘ࠃࠅᄙߊߩ↢ᓤ߇ AP ࡊࡠࠣ࡜ࡓߦࠕࠢ࠮ࠬߢ߈ࠆ
ߣ޿߁ߩߪࡊࡠࠣ࡜ࡓߩ‫ޟ‬᳃ਥൻ‫ߡߒߣޠ‬⢐ቯ⊛ߦ⹏ଔߢ߈ࠆ㕙߽޽ࠆ߇㧘ߘߩ৻ᣇ㧘ᧄ᧪ߩ৻ㇱߩఝ⑲ߥ↢ᓤࠍኻ⽎ߣߔࠆ‫ޟ‬ᚽ⢻ᢎ⢒‫ߩޠ‬㕙ߪ⢛᥊ߦㅌ޿ߚⷰ߇޽ࠆ‫ߚߒ߁ߎޕ‬໧㗴ߦኻߒߡ㧘ࠞ࡟࠶ࠫࡏ࡯࠼߿ᢎ⢒㑐ଥ⠪ߪߤߩࠃ߁ߦ⠨߃ߡ޿ࠆߩߢ޽ࠈ߁߆‫ߪߢ┨ᧄޕ‬㧘AP ࡊࡠࠣ࡜ࡓߩ᜛ᄢߦ઻߁ߐ߹ߑ߹ߥ໧㗴ὐࠍ᣿ࠄ߆ߦߒߥ߇ࠄ㧘AP ࡊࡠࠣ࡜ࡓߩലᨐߣ⺖㗴ߦߟ޿ߡ㧘․ߦᦨㄭߩᣂ⡞⸥੐ࠍ߽ߣߦ⺰ߓߡ޿ߊߎߣߦߔࠆ‫ޕ‬

㧞㧚#2 ࡊࡠࠣ࡜ࡓෳട⠪ߩᄢቇ߳ߩធ⛯
㧔㧝㧕#2 ࡊࡠࠣ࡜ࡓߣᄢቇතᬺ₸ߩ㑐ଥ ࠕࡔ࡝ࠞߩ㜞╬ᢎ⢒ߩ⺖㗴ߩ৻ߟߦ㧘ߘߩතᬺ₸ߩૐߐ߇ᜰ៰ߢ߈ࠆ‫ߪ࠼࡯ࡏࠫ࠶࡟ࠞޕ‬㧘AP ࡊࡠࠣ࡜ࡓߩലᨐߩ৻ߟߣߒߡ㧘ᄢቇතᬺ₸ߩᡷༀߦ߽ᓎ┙ߟߣ޿߁ᦼᓙࠍነߖߡ޿ࠆ‫ޕ‬㜞ᩞ↢ߩ߁ߜ߆ࠄᄢቇ࡟ࡌ࡞ߩౝኈߦ⸅ࠇࠆߎߣߦࠃߞߡ㧘ࠬࡓ࡯࠭ߦᄢቇߩ᝼ᬺߦㆡᔕߔࠆ
ߎߣ߇ߢ߈㧘ߘߩߚ߼ㅜਛߢ࠼ࡠ࠶ࡊࠕ࠙࠻ߔࠆߎߣߥߊᄢቇࠍතᬺߔࠆቇ↢߇ᄙߊߥࠆߣ⠨߃ߡ޿ࠆ߆ࠄߢ޽ࠆ‫ޕ‬⃻࿷㧘ࠞ࡟࠶ࠫࡏ࡯࠼߇AP ࡊࡠࠣ࡜ࡓࠍ㐿ᆎߒߡ߅ࠃߘ50 ᐕ߇⚻ㆊߒ㧘ᄙߊߩ㜞ᩞ↢߇หࡊࡠࠣ࡜ࡓߦෳടߔࠆࠃ߁ߦߥߞߡ޿ࠆ߇㧘ߘߩലᨐߪታ㓙ߦ⴫ࠇߡ޿ࠆߩ
ߢ޽ࠈ߁߆‫ߪߢߎߎޕ‬㧘AP ࡊࡠࠣ࡜ࡓߦෳടߒߚ↢ᓤ߇ታ㓙ߦ࠼ࡠ࠶ࡊࠕ࠙࠻ߔࠆߎߣߥߊ
ᄢቇࠍතᬺߒߡ޿ࠆ߆ߤ߁߆ࠍ㧘࠹ࠠࠨࠬߩ౏┙㜞ᩞࠍතᬺߒߚ↢ᓤࠍㅊ〔⺞ᩏߒߚ࠼ࠕ࠹ࠖ
㧔Dougherty, C.㧕
㧘ࡔࡠ࡯㧔Mellor, L.㧕
㧘ࠫࠛࡦ㧔Jian, S㧕ߩ⎇ⓥ⚿ᨐࠍၮߦ⏕߆߼ࠆߎߣߦߔࠆ‫ ⴫ޕ‬6㧙1 ߪ㧘ᓐࠄߩ⺞ᩏ⚿ᨐߩ৻ㇱߢ޽ࠆ߇㧘↢ᓤࠍ‫ޠ♽ࠞ࡝ࡈࠕޟ‬㧘‫ޠࠢ࠶࠾ࡄࠬࡅޟ‬㧘‫ߦޠੱ⊕ޟ‬඙ಽߒ㧘ߘࠇߙࠇ‫ޟ‬AP ⹜㛎ߩᚑ❣߇ 3 એ਄ߢ޽ߞߚ↢ᓤ‫ޠ‬㧘‫ޟ‬AP ⹜㛎ߩᚑ❣߇ 2 એਅߢ޽ߞߚ↢ᓤ‫ޠ‬㧘‫ޟ‬㜞ᩞߢ AP ⑼⋡ߩጁୃߪߒߚ߇ AP ⹜㛎ߪฃߌߥ߆ߞߚ↢ᓤ‫ޠ‬㧘ߘߒߡ‫ޟ‬AP⑼⋡ߩጁୃ߽ AP ⹜㛎ߩฃ㛎߽ߒߥ߆ߞߚ↢ᓤ‫ߦޠ‬ಽߌߡ㧘ߘࠇߙࠇߩ‫ޟ‬ᄢቇතᬺ₸㧔5 ᐕએ― 81 ―

ౝߦᄢቇࠍතᬺ㧕‫ࠍޠ‬Ყセߒߚ߽ߩߢ޽ࠆ‫ޕ‬⴫㧢㧙㧝 #2 ࡊࡠࠣ࡜ࡓߣᄢቇතᬺ₸ߩ㑐ଥ
 


 

AP ⹜㛎ߩᚑ❣߇
3 એ਄ߩ↢ᓤAP ⹜㛎ߩᚑ❣߇
2 એਅߩ↢ᓤAP ⑼⋡ࠍጁୃߒߚ߇
AP ⹜㛎ߪฃߌߥ߆ߞߚ↢ᓤAP ࡊࡠࠣ࡜ࡓਇෳട
ߩ↢ᓤ

තᬺ₸

53%

37%

30%

10%

㧔5,831 ੱ㧕 ቇ↢ᢙ

92

277

595

4,867

ࡅࠬࡄ࠾࠶ࠢ තᬺ₸

54%

29%

23%

8%

㧔15,176 ੱ㧕 ቇ↢ᢙ

459

1,198

1,704

11,815

තᬺ₸

65%

47%

41%

21%

㧔44,048 ੱ㧕 ቇ↢ᢙ

4,413

3,037

6,214

30,384ࠕࡈ࡝ࠞ♽

⊕ੱ

಴ᚲ㧕Dougherty, C., Mellor, L. and Jian, S. (2006). The Relationship between Advanced Placement
and College Graduation. National Center for Educational Accountability. p.7 ࠍ߽ߣߦ╩⠪૞ᚑ‫ޕ‬ ⴫ 6㧙1 ߆ࠄࠊ߆ࠆߎߣߪ㧘╙৻ߦߤߩੱ⒳ߢߺߡ߽㧘㜞ᩞߢ‫ޟ‬AP ࡊࡠࠣ࡜ࡓਇෳടߩ↢ᓤ‫ޠ‬㧘‫ޟ‬AP ⑼⋡ࠍጁୃߒߚ߇ AP ⹜㛎ߪฃߌߥ߆ߞߚ↢ᓤ‫ޠ‬㧘‫ޟ‬AP ⹜㛎ߩᚑ❣߇ 2 એਅߩ↢ᓤ‫ޠ‬㧘ߘߒߡ‫ޟ‬AP ⹜㛎ߩᚑ❣߇ 3 એ਄ߩ↢ᓤ‫ߩޠ‬㗅ߦ‫ޟ‬ᄢቇතᬺ₸‫߇ޠ‬ૐਅߒߡ޿ߊߎߣߢ޽ࠆ‫଀ޕ‬߃߫㧘‫↢ߩޠੱ⊕ޟ‬ᓤߦߟ޿ߡߺࠆߣ㧘‫ޟ‬AP ࡊࡠࠣ࡜ࡓਇෳടߩ↢ᓤ‫ߩޠ‬තᬺ₸ߪ 21%㧔3 ਁ
384 ੱ㧕ߢ޽ࠆ߇㧘㜞ᩞߢ‫ޟ‬AP ⑼⋡ࠍጁୃߒߚ߇ AP ⹜㛎ߪฃߌߥ߆ߞߚ↢ᓤ‫ ߣࠆߥߦޠ‬41%
㧔6,214 ੱ㧕ߦ߹ߢ਄᣹ߔࠆ‫ߚ߹ޕ‬㧘AP ⹜㛎ࠍฃ㛎ߒߚ႐ว㧘଀߃‫ޟ‬AP ⹜㛎ߩᚑ❣߇ 2 એਅߩ↢ᓤ‫ޟ߽ߡߞ޽ߢޠ‬ᄢቇතᬺ₸‫ ߪޠ‬47%㧔3,037 ੱ㧕ߦ਄᣹ߒ㧘ߐࠄߦ‫ޟ‬AP ⹜㛎ߩᚑ❣߇ 3એ਄ߩ↢ᓤ‫ ߣࠆߥߦޠ‬65%㧔4,413 ੱ㧕߹ߢᕆ਄᣹ߔࠆ‫ߩߎޕ‬௑ะߪ㧘ઁߩ‫ޠ♽ࠞ࡝ࡈࠕޟ‬㧘‫ࡅޟ‬ࠬࡄ࠾࠶ࠢ‫↢ߩޠ‬ᓤߦ߽ᒰߡߪ߹ࠆ‫ޕ‬ߚߛ㧘ߘߩ৻ᣇߢᦨᓟߩ 65%ߣ޿߁ᢙሼࠍߤ߁⸃㉼ߔࠆ߆ߪ್ᢿߩࠊ߆ࠇࠆߣߎࠈߢ޽ࠆ‫ޕ‬ࠞ࡟࠶ࠫࡏ࡯࠼ߦࠃࠇ߫㧘‫ޟ‬AP ⹜㛎ߩᚑ❣߇ 3 એ਄ߩ↢ᓤ‫ߪޠ‬ᄢቇ࡟ࡌ࡞ߦ㆐ߒߡ޿ࠆߣߺߥ
ߒߡ޿ࠆ߇㧘ߘߩᓐࠄߢ޽ߞߡ߽ 65%ߒ߆ 5 ᐕએౝߦතᬺߢ߈ߡ޿ߥ޿‫ߪߣߎߩߎޕ‬㧘଀߃߫AP ⹜㛎ߩᚑ❣್ቯ߇↞޿ߩ߆㧘޽ࠆ޿ߪᄢቇ஥ߩන૏⹺ቯၮḰ߇ో૕⊛ߦ෩ߒ޿ߩ߆╬㧘ߐ߹ߑ߹ߥේ࿃߇⠨߃ࠄࠇࠆ߇㧘ߎߩὐߦߟ޿ߡߪߎࠇએ਄᣿ࠄ߆ߦߢ߈ߥ޿‫ޕ‬߹ߚ㧘ߎ߁ߒߚ௑ะߩߥ߆ߢ‫ޟ‬AP ࡊࡠࠣ࡜ࡓਇෳടߩ↢ᓤ‫ߣޠ‬㧘‫ޟ‬AP ⑼⋡ࠍጁୃߒߚ߇ AP⹜㛎ߪฃߌߥ߆ߞߚ↢ᓤ‫ߩޠ‬තᬺ₸ߩᏅ߇․ߦᄢ߈ߊߥߞߡ޿ࠆߎߣ߇ࠊ߆ࠆ‫ޕ‬‫ޠ♽ࠞ࡝ࡈࠕޟ‬ߩ↢ᓤߦߟ޿ߡߺࠆߣ㧘‫ޟ‬AP ࡊࡠࠣ࡜ࡓߦਇෳടߩ↢ᓤ‫ޟߩޠ‬ᄢቇතᬺ₸‫ ߪޠ‬10%ߢ޽ࠆߩߦ
‫ޟ‬AP ⑼⋡ࠍጁୃߒߚ߇ AP ⹜㛎ߪฃߌߥ߆ߞߚ↢ᓤ‫ ߪࠇߘߩޠ‬30%ߣ㧘ߘߩᏅߪ 20 ࡐኻߒ㧘ࠗࡦ࠻߽޽ࠆ‫ޕ‬ห᭽ߦ㧘‫↢ߩޠࠢ࠶࠾ࡄࠬࡅޟ‬ᓤߩ႐ว߽‫ޟ‬AP ࡊࡠࠣ࡜ࡓਇෳടߩ↢ᓤ‫ޟߩޠ‬ᄢቇතᬺ₸‫ ߪޠ‬8%㧘৻ᣇ‫ޟ‬AP ⑼⋡ࠍጁୃߒߚ߇ AP ⹜㛎ߪฃߌߥ߆ߞߚ↢ᓤ‫ ߪࠇߘߩޠ‬23%ߢ
15 ࡐࠗࡦ࠻ߩᏅ߇↢ߓߡ޿ࠆ‫ࠄ߆ߎߎޕ‬㧘AP ࡊࡠࠣ࡜ࡓ߳ෳടߒߚ↢ᓤߪ㧘଀߃ AP ⹜㛎ࠍ― 82 ―

ฃ㛎ߒߥߊߡ߽㧘ෳടߒߥ߆ߞߚ↢ᓤࠃࠅᄢቇࠍ࠼ࡠ࠶ࡊࠕ࠙࠻ߖߕߦතᬺߔࠆน⢻ᕈ߇㜞ߊߥࠆߎߣ߇⸒߃ߘ߁ߢ޽ࠆ‫޿⸒ޕ‬឵߃ࠇ߫㧘㜞ᩞᤨઍߦዋߒߢ߽ AP ࡊࡠࠣ࡜ࡓߦ㑐ࠊࠆߎߣߢᄢቇߢߩቇ⠌߇Ყセ⊛౞Ṗߦㅴ߻ߩߢߪߥ޿߆ߣផ᷹ߢ߈ࠆ‫ޕ‬
ߐࠄߦ㧘AP ࡊࡠࠣ࡜ࡓ߳ෳടߒߚ↢ᓤߩߺߦᵈ⋡ߒߚ႐ว㧘‫ޟ‬AP ⹜㛎ߩᚑ❣߇ 3 એ਄ߩ↢ᓤ‫ޟߩޠ‬ᄢቇතᬺ₸‫ߦ․ߪޠ‬㜞޿ߎߣ߇⷗ߡขࠇࠆ‫߫߃଀ޕ‬㧘‫↢ߩޠࠢ࠶࠾ࡄࠬࡅޟ‬ᓤࠍ⷗ࠆߣ㧘‫ޟ‬AP ⹜㛎ߩᚑ❣߇ 3 એ਄ߩ↢ᓤ‫ޟߩޠ‬ᄢቇතᬺ₸‫ ߇ޠ‬54%ߢ޽ࠆߩߦኻߒߡ㧘‫ޟ‬AP ⹜㛎ߩᚑ
❣߇ 2 એਅߩ↢ᓤ‫ ߪࠇߘߩޠ‬29%ߣߥߞߡ޿ࠆ‫ߚ߹ޕ‬㧘‫↢ߩޠੱ⊕ޟ‬ᓤߦߟ޿ߡ߽㧘‫ޟ‬AP ⹜㛎ߩᚑ❣߇ 3 એ਄ߩ↢ᓤ‫ޟߩޠ‬ᄢቇතᬺ₸‫ ߪޠ‬65㧑ߢ޽ࠆߩߦኻߒ㧘‫ޟ‬AP ⹜㛎ߩᚑ❣߇ 2 એਅߩ↢ᓤ‫ ߪࠇߘߩޠ‬47%ߣᏅ߇ᄢ߈޿‫ࠄ߆ߣߎߩߎޕ‬㧘AP ࡊࡠࠣ࡜ࡓ߇‫ޟ‬ᄢቇතᬺ₸‫ߩޠ‬ᡷༀߦᓎ┙ߟߚ߼ߦߪ㧘නߦ㜞ᩞ↢߇หࡊࡠࠣ࡜ࡓߦෳടߔࠆߛߌߢߪߥߊ㧘AP ⹜㛎ࠍฃ㛎ߒ 3એ਄ߩᚑ❣ࠍ෼߼ࠆߎߣ߇ߢ߈ࠆࠃ߁ߦ↢ᓤߩቇ⠌ࠍଦߔᔅⷐ߇޽ࠆߎߣ߽ᄢಾߢ޽ࠆߣ⸒߃
ࠆ‫ޕ‬ߚߛߒ㧘એ਄ߩߎ߁ߒߚಽᨆߦߪ⛔⸘⊛ߥ㕙߽฽߼ߡߐ߹ߑ߹ߥⷺᐲ߆ࠄ✚ว⊛ߦ್ᢿߔࠆ
ᔅⷐ߇޽ࠆߚ߼㧘ᒰὼߩߎߣߥ߇ࠄߎߩ⺞ᩏ⚿ᨐߩߺࠍ߽ߞߡ AP ࡊࡠࠣ࡜ࡓ߇‫ޟ‬ᄢቇතᬺ₸‫ޠ‬ߩะ਄ߦᓎ┙ߟߣᢿ⸒ߔࠆߎߣߪߢ߈ߥ޿‫ޕ‬ታ㓙㧘AP ࡊࡠࠣ࡜ࡓߩലᨐࠍ⇼໧ⷞߔࠆᗧ⷗߽
ᄙᢙሽ࿷ߔࠆߩߢ޽ࠆ‫ޕ‬એਅߢߪߎ߁ߒߚ௑ะߩ⎇ⓥࠍ 2, 3 ⚫੺ߔࠆߎߣߦߔࠆ‫ޕ‬
㧔㧞㧕#2 ⑼⋡ߩጁୃߣᄢቇߦ߅ߌࠆᚑ❣ߩ㑐ଥ AP ࡊࡠࠣ࡜ࡓߩᧄ᧪ߩ⋡⊛ߪ㧘㜞ᩞ↢ࠍࠃࠅ౞Ṗߦᄢቇᢎ⢒߳ߣ⒖ⴕߐߖࠆߎߣߢ޽ࠆ‫ޕ‬⸒޿឵߃ࠇ߫㧘㜞ᩞ↢ߩ߁ߜߦᄢቇ࡟ࡌ࡞ߩቇ⠌ࠍⴕ߁ߎߣߦࠃߞߡ㧘ᓐࠄ߇ᄢቇ߳౉ቇߒߚ
ᓟ߽ߘߩ᝼ᬺߦㆡᔕߒ߿ߔߊߔࠆߎߣ߇ AP ࡊࡠࠣ࡜ࡓߩ⋡⊛ߢ޽ࠆ‫߫ࠇߔߣޕ‬㧘ߘߩലᨐߪ㧘ᄢቇතᬺ₸ࠍะ਄ߐߖࠆએᄖߦ㧘ᄢቇߩᚑ❣ะ਄ߦ߽෸ࠎߢ޿ࠆߣផ᷹ߢ߈ࠆ‫ޕ‬AP ࡊࡠࠣ࡜ࡓ߳ߩෳടߩ᦭ήߪ㧘ᄢቇ౉ቇᓟߩᚑ❣ߦᓇ㗀ࠍਈ߃ߡ޿ࠆߩߢ޽ࠈ߁߆‫⺖ߥ߁ࠃߩߎޕ‬㗴ߦขࠅ⚵ࠎߛ⎇ⓥߦߪ㧘1998 ᐕ߆ࠄ 2001 ᐕߦ߆ߌߡ㧘ࠞ࡝ࡈࠜ࡞࠾ࠕᄢቇߩ 8 ߟߩࠠࡖࡦࡄࠬ
ߩ 8 ਁ 1,445 ੱߩᣂ౉↢ࠍኻ⽎ߣߒߚࠞ࡝ࡈࠜ࡞࠾ࠕᄢቇࡃ࡯ࠢ࡟࡯ᩞߩ߽ߩ߇޽ࠆ‫⎇ߩߎޕ‬ⓥߢߪ㧘ቇ↢ߩ౉⹜ᤨߩ࠺࡯࠲ߣ㧘ᄢቇ 1㧘2 ᐕᤨߩ GPA ࠍᲧセ⺞ᩏߒߡ޿ࠆ‫ߪߢߎߘޕ‬㧘AP⹜㛎ߩᚑ❣ߣᄢቇߢߩᚑ❣ߦߪᒝ޿⋧㑐߇޽ࠆ߇㧘AP ⑼⋡ࠍฃ⻠ߔࠆᄙߊߩ↢ᓤ߇ AP ⹜㛎ࠍฃ㛎ߒߡ޿ߥ޿ߣ޿߁໧㗴߽หᤨߦᜰ៰ߒߚ‫ࠅ߹ߟޕ‬㧘AP ⑼⋡ࠍฃ⻠ߒߡ޿ࠆ↢ᓤߩ߁ߜ㧘3
ಽߩ 1 ߽ߩ↢ᓤ߇ AP ⹜㛎ࠍฃߌߡ޿ߥ޿ߣផ᷹ߐࠇ㧘AP ⑼⋡ߩࠃ߁ߥᄢቇ࡟ࡌ࡞ߩ⑼⋡ߦෳടߔࠆ↢ᓤߢ߽㧘⹜㛎ࠍฃߌߥߌࠇ߫㧔ߟ߹ࠅ⹜㛎ߩߚ߼ߩḰ஻ቇ⠌ࠍචಽߦⴕࠊߥߌࠇ߫㧕ᄢቇ౉ቇᓟߦఝࠇߚᚑ❣ࠍ෼߼ࠆ଻⸽ߪߥ޿ߣ޿߁⚿⺰ࠍਅߒߚߩߢ޽ࠆ‫ޕ‬߹ߚ㧘ࡂ࡯ࡃ࡯࠼ᄢቇߩࠨ࠼࡜࡯㧔PhilipM.Sadler㧕ߪ㧘ࡃ࡯ࠫ࠾ࠕᄢቇߩ࠲ࠗ㧔RobertTai㧕ߣ౒ߦ㧘࡜ࡦ࠳ࡓߦㆬࠎߛࠕࡔ࡝ࠞ࿖ౝߩ 63 ߩᄢቇߦ߅޿ߡ౉㐷㧔introductory㧕࡟ࡌ࡞ߩ‫‛ޟ‬ℂቇ‫ޠ‬㧘‫‛↢ޟ‬ቇ‫ޠ‬㧘‫ޟ‬ൻቇ‫ࠍ⋡⑼ߩޠ‬ጁୃߔࠆ 1 ਁ 8,000 ੱߩቇ↢ߩᚑ❣ࠍ⺞ᩏߒߚ‫ޕ‬ߘߩ⚿ᨐ㧘㜞ᩞߦ߅޿ߡ AP ⑼⋡ࠍጁୃߒߡ߈ߚቇ↢ߪ㧘ጁୃߒߡߎߥ߆ߞߚቇ↢ࠃࠅ߽ᚑ❣

― 83 ―

ߪఝࠇߡ޿ߚ߇㧘ߘߩᏅߪࠊߕ߆ߢ޽ߞߚ‫⎇ߩߎޕ‬ⓥߢ߽㧘නߦ AP ⑼⋡ߦෳടߒߚߣ޿߁ߛ
ߌߢߪ㧘ᄢቇ౉ቇᓟ߽ߘߩᚑ❣߇ఝ⑲ߢ޽ࠆߣߪ⸒߃ߥ޿ߎߣࠍᜰ៰ߒߚߩߢ޽ࠆ‫ߚ߹ޕ‬㧘ᓐߪ㧘ㅪ㇌᡽ᐭ߇↢ᓤߩℂ⑼ߩቇജࠍะ਄ߐߖࠆߚ߼ߩᚻᲑߣߒߡ AP ࡊࡠࠣ࡜ࡓࠍᒝ⺞ߒߡ޿ࠆߎߣߦߟ޿ߡ߽ᛕ್⊛ߢ޽ࠆ‫ޕ‬ߐࠄߦ㧘࠹ࠠࠨࠬࠠ࡝ࠬ࠻ᢎᄢቇ㧔TexasChristianUniversity㧕ߩࠢࡠࡊࡈࠚࡦࠬ࠲ࠗࡦ
㧔KristinKlopfenstein㧕ߣ㧘ࡒࠪࠪ࠶ࡇᎺ┙ᄢቇߩ࠻࡯ࡑࠬ㧔M.KathleenThomas㧕ߪ㧘
1999 ᐕߦ࠹ࠠࠨࠬߩ㜞ᩞࠍතᬺߒ 4 ᐕ೙ߩ౏┙ᄢቇ߳౉ቇߒߚ↢ᓤߩ⸥㍳ࠍಽᨆߒߚ‫ޕ‬ಽᨆࠍⴕ߁ߦ޽ߚߞߡ㧘ᓐࠄߪᰴߩੑߟߩ⺖㗴ࠍ⸳ቯߒߚ‫ߪߟ৻ޕ‬㧘㜞ᩞߢ AP ⑼⋡ࠍጁୃߒߚ↢ᓤߪ㧘ጁୃߒߥ߆ߞߚ↢ᓤߣᲧセߒߡᄢቇ 1 ᐕ↢ᤨߦఝࠇߚᚑ❣ࠍ෼߼ߡ޿ࠆ߆ߣ޿߁߽ߩߢ޽
ࠆ‫ߪߟ৻߁߽ޕ‬㧘ᓐࠄ߇ 2 ᐕ↢ߦㅴ⚖ߔࠆ߹ߢߩ࠼ࡠ࠶ࡊࠕ࠙࠻₸ߪ AP ⑼⋡ࠍጁୃߒߡߎߥ
߆ߞߚ↢ᓤߣᲧߒߡૐߊߥߞߡ޿ࠆ߆ߣ޿߁߽ߩߢ޽ࠆ‫ޕ‬ᓐࠄߩಽᨆߩ⚿ᨐ㧘ߘࠇࠄߩ⺖㗴ߦኻߒߡ಴ߐࠇߚ⚿⺰ߪุቯ⊛ߥ߽ߩߢ޽ߞߚ‫⎇ߩߎޕ‬ⓥ⚿ᨐߦࠃࠇ߫㧘ᄢቇߦ߅ߌࠆᚑ❣ߣ࠼ࡠ࠶ࡊࠕ࠙࠻₸ߪ㧘SAT ߩᓧὐ㧘ਔⷫߩቇᱧ߿෼౉㧘㜞ᩞᢎຬߩ⚻㛎ᐕᢙ╬ߣߩ⋧㑐߇ߺࠄࠇߚ߇㧘AP ⑼⋡ߩጁୃᱧߣߪ⋧㑐߇ߺࠄࠇߥ߆ߞߚߩߢ޽ࠆ‫ޕ‬ߎߩࠃ߁ߦ㧘AP ⑼⋡ߩጁୃߣᄢቇߦ߅ߌࠆᚑ❣ߦߪ㑐ଥ߇ߺࠄࠇߥ޿ߣ޿߁⎇ⓥ⚿ᨐ߇ႎ๔ߐࠇߡ߈ߚߚ߼㧘ࠞ࡝ࡈࠜ࡞࠾ࠕᎺߩ౏┙ᄢቇߢߪ AP ⑼⋡ࠍጁୃߒߡ߈ߚ↢ᓤߩ GPA ߦኻߔࠆࡏ࡯࠽ࠬࡐࠗࡦ࠻ࠍᑄᱛߔࠆߎߣ߇⼏ળߢឭ᩺ߐࠇߡ޿ࠆ‫ߩߎޕ‬ឭ᩺ߦኻߒߡߪ㧘ฦᣇ㕙߆ࠄ⾥ุਔ⺰߇಴ߐࠇߡ޿ࠆ߇㧘ᑄᱛߩℂ↱ߣߒߡߪ㧘ࡏ࡯࠽ࠬࡐࠗࡦ࠻ߪᄙߊߩ AP ⑼⋡ࠍ㐿⸳ߔࠆ㜞ᩞߦ࿷☋ߔࠆ↢ᓤߦ᦭೑ߦ௛߈㧘ᐔ╬ߥ┹੎ࠍᅹߍߡ޿ࠆߎߣ߇᜼ߍࠄࠇࠆ‫ޕ‬೎ߩⷺᐲ߆ࠄ⸒߃߫㧘ᄙߊߩ↢ᓤߪ GPA ߩࡏ࡯࠽ࠬࡐࠗࡦ࠻ߩߚ߼ߛߌߦ AP ⑼⋡ࠍጁୃߒߡ޿ࠆ
ߣ޿߁ታᘒࠍᡷༀߔࠆߚ߼ߩឭ᩺ߢ޽ࠆߣ⸒߃ࠆߩߢ޽ࠆ‫ޕ‬

㧟㧚#2 ࡊࡠࠣ࡜ࡓߦෳടߔࠆ↢ᓤߩ⾰
㧔㧝㧕#2 ⹜㛎ᚑ❣ߩૐਅ ߹ߚ㧘AP ࡊࡠࠣ࡜ࡓ߇᜛ᄢߒ㧘ᄙߊߩ↢ᓤ߇ෳടߔࠆࠃ߁ߦߥߞߚߎߣߦࠃࠅ㧘ߘߩ⾰ߩૐਅ߽ᜰ៰ߐࠇߡ޿ࠆ‫ౕޕ‬૕⊛ߦߪ㧘AP ⹜㛎ߢ 3 એ਄ߩᚑ❣ࠍ෼߼ࠆ↢ᓤߩഀว߇ૐਅߒߡ
޿ࠆߣ޿߁ᜰ៰ߢ޽ࠆ‫ ⴫ޕ‬6㧙2 ߪ㧘‫ޟ‬AP ⹜㛎ߢ 3 એ਄ߩᚑ❣ࠍ෼߼ߚ↢ᓤᢙ߇ోฃ㛎⠪ᢙߦභ߼ࠆഀวߩផ⒖‫ ࠍޠ‬2004 ᐕ߆ࠄ 2007 ᐕߦ߆ߌߡੱ⒳ߏߣߦ␜ߒߚ߽ߩߢ޽ࠆ㧔ੱ⒳ฬߪ⸶
ߔߣᷙੂߒ߿ߔ޿ߣߎࠈ߇಴ߡߊࠆߚ߼⴫ߢߪේ⺆ߩ߹߹⸥ߔߎߣߦߔࠆ㧕‫ޕ‬
ߎߩ⴫ 6㧙2 ߆ࠄ㧘AP ⹜㛎ࠍฃߌࠆ↢ᓤߩੱᢙߪ 2004 ᐕ߆ࠄ 2007 ᐕߦ߆ߌߡჇടߒߡ޿
ࠆ߇㧘ߘߩ߁ߜ⹜㛎ߩᚑ❣߇ 3 એ਄ߢ޽ࠆ↢ᓤߩഀวߪ❗ዊ௑ะߦ޽ࠆߎߣ߇ࠊ߆ࠆ‫ޕ‬AP ⹜㛎ߩ‫ޟ‬ฃ㛎⠪ᢙ‫ߣࠆߺࠍޠ‬㧘2004 ᐕߦߪ 156 ਁ 7,259 ੱߩ↢ᓤ߇ AP ⹜㛎ࠍฃ㛎ߒߚ߇㧘2007ᐕߦߪߘߩᢙߪ 195 ਁ 7,424 ੱߣߥߞߡ߅ࠅ㧘3 ᐕ㑆ߢ߅ࠃߘ 40 ਁੱჇടߒߡ޿ࠆ‫ߚ߹ޕ‬㧘‫ޟ‬AP⹜㛎ฃ㛎⠪ᢙ‫ੱࠍޠ‬⒳೎ߦߺࠆߣ㧘ߘߩ⒟ᐲߦ㆑޿ߪ޽ࠆ߽ߩߩ㧘ోߡߩੱ⒳ߩฃ㛎ੱᢙߩჇടࠍߺࠆߎߣ߇ߢ߈ࠆ‫ޕ‬― 84 ―

⴫㧢㧙㧞 #2 ⹜㛎ߢ  એ਄ߩᚑ❣ࠍ෼߼ߚ↢ᓤᢙߩഀวߩផ⒖

ᐕ 㩷

2004

2005

2006

2007

Black
or
AfricanAmerican

MexicanorMexicanAsian, AsianAmerican,
AmericanPuerto Rican,or
other
Pacific
Hispanic,
IslanderLatinoor
Latin
AmericanAmericanIndianor
AlaskaNativeWhite

National
Total

ฃ㛎⠪ᢙ

78,483215,186

182,258

6,867

992,069

1,567,259

ᚑ❣߇ 35 ߩഀว %

29.21

63.26

48.4

44.39

63.61

59.69

ฃ㛎⠪ᢙ

80,444

213,828

179,828

6,891

984,4051,550,475

ᚑ❣߇ 35 ߩഀว %

27.82

63.28

46.53

42.61

63.31

59.15

ฃ㛎⠪ᢙ

94,556

241,692

204,113

7,953

1,046,590

1,690,999

ᚑ❣߇ 35 ߩഀว %

26.66

63.11

45.07

43.67

62.4

58.01

113,590

277,376

240,478

8,970

1,198,053

1,957,424

25.36

63.39

42.89

42.11

62.04

57.27

ฃ㛎⠪ᢙ
ᚑ❣߇ 35 ߩഀว %಴ᚲ㧕㩷 Education Week, February 20, 2008. AP Trends: Tests Soar, Scores Slip.䋨ㇱಽ㧕৻ᣇ㧘‫ޟ‬AP ⹜㛎ߢ 3 એ਄ߩᚑ❣ࠍ෼߼ߚ↢ᓤᢙߩഀว‫ߪߡ޿ߟߦޠ‬㧘ో૕ߢߺࠆߣ 2004 ᐕ߆ࠄ 2005 ᐕߩ㑆ߦ 59.69%߆ࠄ 59.15%ߣࠊߕ߆ߦૐਅߒ㧘ߐࠄߦߘࠇ߇ 2006 ᐕߦߪ 58.01%
ߣߥࠅ㧘2007 ᐕߦߪ 57.27%ߣૐਅߒߡ߈ߡ޿ࠆ‫ࠅ߹ߟޕ‬㧘ߎߩ 3 ᐕ㑆ߢ㧘‫ޟ‬AP ⹜㛎ߢ 3 એ਄ߩᚑ❣ࠍ෼߼ߚ↢ᓤߩഀว‫ߪޠ‬㧘ో૕ߣߒߡ 2.42 ࡐࠗࡦ࠻ਅ߇ߞߚߎߣߦߥࠆ‫ޕ‬ᰴߦ㧘ߘߩഀ
วࠍੱ⒳೎ߦߺࠆߣ㧘‫↢ޠ♽ࠞ࡝ࡈࠕޟ‬ᓤߦߟ޿ߡߪ㧘2004 ᐕߦ 29.21%ߢ޽ߞߚߩ߇㧘2005
ᐕߦߪ 27.82%㧘2006 ᐕߦߪ 26.66%㧘ߘߒߡ 2007 ᐕߦߪ 25.3%ߣᐕ‫ޘ‬ૐਅߒߡ޿ࠆ‫ޕ‬‫ࠬࡅޟ‬ࡄ࠾࠶ࠢ‫↢ߩޠ‬ᓤ߿‫↢ߩޠੱ⊕ޟ‬ᓤ߽ห᭽ߦ㧘ߎߩ 3 ᐕ㑆ߢ AP ⹜㛎ߩ‫ޟ‬ᚑ❣߇ 3 એ਄ߩ↢ᓤߩഀว‫ߪޠ‬ૐਅࠍ⛯ߌߡ޿ࠆ‫ޕ‬‫↢ߩޠࠢ࠶࠾ࡄࠬࡅޟ‬ᓤߦߟ޿ߡߪ㧘2004 ᐕߦߘߩഀว߇ 48.4%
ߢ޽ߞߚߩ߇㧘2007 ᐕߦߪ 42.89%ߣߥߞߡ߅ࠅ㧘‫↢ߩޠੱ⊕ޟ‬ᓤߦߟ޿ߡ߽ 2004 ᐕߦ 63.61%
ߢ޽ߞߚ߽ߩ߇ 2007 ᐕߦߪ 62.04%߹ߢૐਅߒߡ޿ࠆߩߢ޽ࠆ‫ߚ߹ޕ‬㧘‫ࠞ࡝ࡔࠕࡉࠖ࠹ࠗࡀޟ‬ࡦ‫߽ߡ޿ߟߦޠ‬ᐕᐲߦࠃߞߡߪჇടߒߡ޿ࠆ႐ว߽޽ࠆ߇㧘ో૕ߣߒߡߺࠇ߫ߘߩഀวߪ❗ዊ௑ะߦ޽ࠆ‫ޕ‬2004 ᐕ߆ࠄ 2007 ᐕߦ߆ߌߡ㧘AP ⹜㛎ߩᚑ❣߇ 3 એ਄ߢ޽ࠆ‫↢ޠ♽ࠕࠫࠕޟ‬ᓤߩഀวߪᄢ߈ߊߥߞߡ޿ࠆ߇㧘ઁߩੱ⒳ߦ㑐ߒߡߪోߡዊߐߊߥߞߡ߅ࠅ㧘AP ⹜㛎ฃ㛎⠪ో૕ߣߒߡߺߡ߽ߘߩഀวߪ❗ዊߒߡ޿ࠆ‫ޕ‬ ߘߎߢ㧘AP ⹜㛎ߩᚑ❣ߩផ⒖ࠍߐࠄߦ⹦⚦ߦᬌ⸛ߔࠆߚ߼ߦ㧘2004 ᐕ߆ࠄ 2007 ᐕߦ߆ߌߡߩੱ⒳ߏߣߩ AP ⹜㛎ߩᐔဋᚑ❣ࠍ␜ߔߣ㧘⴫ 6㧙3 ߩࠃ߁ߦߥࠆ‫ޕ‬㧔⴫ 6㧙2 ߣห᭽ߦ㧘⴫
ߢߪੱ⒳ฬߪේ⺆ߩ߹߹⸥ߔߎߣߦߔࠆ‫ޕ‬㧕― 85 ―

⴫㧢㧙㧟 ੱ⒳ߏߣߦߺߚ #2 ⹜㛎ᐔဋᚑ❣ߩផ⒖
ੱ⒳

2004 ᐕ

2005 ᐕ

2006 ᐕ

2007 ᐕ

Black or African-American

2.03

1.99

1.96

1.91

Asian, Asian-American, or Pacific Islander

3.04

3.04

3.04

3.05

Mexican or Mexican-American

2.51

2.44

2.42

2.39

Puerto Rican

2.54

2.52

2.5

2.47

Other Hispanic, Latino, or Latin American

2.8

2.72

2.57

2.48

American Indian or Alaska Native

2.45

2.41

2.42

2.39

White

2.99

2.98

2.96

2.95

Other

2.85

2.83

2.79

2.8

Not Stated

2.89

2.88

2.83

2.76

National Total

2.9

2.88

2.85

2.83

಴ᚲ㧕Education Week, February 20, 2008. AP Trends: Tests Soar, Scores Slip.

⴫ 6㧙3 ߆ࠄ㧘AP ⹜㛎ߩᐔဋᚑ❣߽ో૕⊛ߦૐਅߒߡ޿ࠆߎߣ߇ࠊ߆ࠆ‫ߕ߹ޕ‬㧘ฃ㛎⠪ో૕ߣߒߡߩ AP ⹜㛎ߩᐔဋᚑ❣ߪ 2004 ᐕߦ 2.9 ߢ޽ߞߚߩ߇㧘2005 ᐕߦߪ 2.88㧘2006 ᐕߦߪ
2.85 ߣᐕ‫ޘ‬ૐਅߒߡ߅ࠅ㧘2007 ᐕߦߪ 2.83 ߣߥߞߡ޿ࠆ‫ߦࠄߐޕ‬㧘ੱ⒳೎ߦߺࠆߣ㧘‫ࠫࠕޟ‬ࠕ♽‫ޠ‬એᄖߩోߡߩੱ⒳ߦ㑐ߒߡ㧘2004 ᐕ߆ࠄߩ 3 ᐕ㑆ߢᰴ╙ߦ AP ⹜㛎ߩᐔဋᚑ❣߇ૐਅߒߡ߈ߡ޿ࠆߎߣ߇ࠊ߆ࠆ‫߫߃଀ޕ‬㧘‫↢ߩޠੱ⊕ޟ‬ᓤߩ AP ⹜㛎ߩᐔဋᚑ❣ߪ 2004 ᐕߦ 2.99 ߢ޽ߞߚ߇㧘2005 ᐕߦߪ 2.98㧘2006 ᐕߦߪ 2.96㧘ߘߒߡ 2007 ᐕߦߪ 2.95 ߣ㧘ࠊߕ߆ߢߪ޽ࠆ߇
ૐਅࠍ⛯ߌߡ޿ࠆ‫ߚ߹ޕ‬㧘2004 ᐕߦ߅ߌࠆ AP ⹜㛎ᐔဋᚑ❣߇ 2.03 ߢ㧘ઁߩੱ⒳ߣᲧセߔࠆߣᦨ߽ᚑ❣ߩૐ޿‫↢ޠ♽ࠞ࡝ࡈࠕޟ‬ᓤߦߟ޿ߡ߽㧘2005 ᐕߦߪ 1.99㧘2006 ᐕߦߪ 1.96㧘2007
ᐕߦߪ 1.91 ߣߥߞߡ߅ࠅ㧘⏕ታߦᚑ❣ߪૐਅߒߡ߈ߡ޿ࠆ‫ޕ‬ ߹ߚ㧘⴫ 6㧙2 ߣ⴫ 6㧙3 ߆ࠄ㧘AP ⹜㛎ߩฃ㛎⠪ᢙߪჇടߒߡ߈ߡ޿ࠆ߇㧘⹜㛎ߢ 3 એ਄ߩᚑ❣ࠍ෼߼ࠆ↢ᓤߩഀวߣ⹜㛎ߩᐔဋᚑ❣ߪߣ߽ߦૐਅߒߡ޿ࠆߎߣ߇ࠊ߆ࠆ‫࡯ࡏࠫ࠶࡟ࠞޕ‬࠼߿ㅪ㇌᡽ᐭ㧘ߘߒߡᎺߦࠃࠆ⵬ഥ㊄ߩ੤ઃ╬߽޽ࠅ㧘AP ࡊࡠࠣ࡜ࡓߪ᜛ᄢߒ⛯ߌߡ߅ࠅ㧘ࡊࡠࠣ࡜ࡓߦෳടߔࠆ↢ᓤߩᢙ߇ᐕ‫ޘ‬Ⴧടߒߡ޿ࠆߎߣߪ╙ 2 ┨ߢᜰ៰ߒߚ‫ޕ‬ᄙߊߩ↢ᓤ߇ APࡊࡠࠣ࡜ࡓߦෳടߔࠆࠃ߁ߦߥࠇ߫㧘ߘߩᐔဋᚑ❣߇ૐਅߒߡ޿ߊߩߪᒰὼߩߎߣߢ߽޽ࠆ‫ޕ‬ߘࠇߢ߽㧘AP ࡊࡠࠣ࡜ࡓߩ⿰ᣦ߇㧘㜞ᩞ↢ࠍ㜞ᩞᢎ⢒߆ࠄᄢቇᢎ⢒߳౞Ṗߦ⒖ⴕߐߖࠆߎߣ
ߢ޽ࠆߎߣߦ㐓ߺࠇ߫㧘ࡊࡠࠣ࡜ࡓߪ৻ቯߩ⾰ࠍ⛽ᜬߒߥߊߡߪߥࠄߥ޿ߪߕߢ޽ࠆ‫ޕ‬㧔㧞㧕ෳടᯏળߦߟ޿ߡߩੱ⒳㑆ᩰᏅ໧㗴ᣢㅀߩࠃ߁ߦ㧘AP ࡊࡠࠣ࡜ࡓ߳ෳടߔࠆ↢ᓤᢙ߿ቇᩞᢙ߇Ⴧടߒߡ߅ࠅ㧘ߐࠄߦߘߩ⑼⋡߽Ⴧടߒߡ޿ࠆߎߣ߆ࠄ㧘ࠕࡔ࡝ࠞߦ߅޿ߡหࡊࡠࠣ࡜ࡓߪᐢߊ᥉෸ߒߡ߅ࠅ㧘৻⷗ోߡߩ㜞― 86 ―

ᩞ↢ߦኻߒߡߘߩᯏળ߇㐿߆ࠇߡ޿ࠆࠃ߁ߦߺ߃ࠆ‫ߚ߹ޕ‬㧘ࠞ࡟࠶ࠫࡏ࡯࠼ߪ㧘AP ࡊࡠࠣ࡜ࡓߩኻ⽎ࠍ߆ߟߡߩࠃ߁ߦ৻ㇱߩᚑ❣ఝ⑲⠪ߩߺߢߪߥߊ㧘ࠃࠅᄙߊߩ↢ᓤߦߘߩᯏળ߇㐿߆ࠇࠆߴ߈ߢ޽ࠆߣߒߡ޿ࠆ߇㧘ᨐߚߒߡߘࠇߪᯏળဋ╬ߩේೣߦㆡวߒߡ޿ࠆߣ⸒߃ࠆߩߛࠈ
߁߆‫߫߃଀ޕ‬㧘ᱧผ⊛ߦᐔ╬ߥᢎ⢒ᯏળ߆ࠄ㐽߼಴ߐࠇߡ߈ߚੱ⒳ߩ↢ᓤߦኻߒߡ߽ AP ࡊࡠࠣ࡜ࡓ߳ෳടߔࠆᯏળߪචಽߦ㐿߆ࠇߡ޿ࠆߩߛࠈ߁߆‫ߪߢߎߎޕ‬㧘․ߦ‫↢ޠ♽ࠞ࡝ࡈࠕޟ‬ᓤ߿‫↢ߩޠࠢ࠶࠾ࡄࠬࡅޟ‬ᓤߦᵈ⋡ߒ㧘ᓐࠄߩ AP ࡊࡠࠣ࡜ࡓ߳ߩෳട⁁ᴫߦߟ޿ߡᬌ⸛ࠍⴕ߁
ߎߣߦߔࠆ‫ޕ‬ߎߩ໧㗴ߦ㑐ߒߡߪ㧘ࠞ࡟࠶ࠫࡏ࡯࠼߇ೀⴕߔࠆ‫ޡ‬ᐕᰴႎ๔ᦠ 2007㧔ReporttotheNation
2007㧕‫ߢޢ‬㧘ฦᎺߦ߅ߌࠆ㜞ᩞ↢ో૕ߦභ߼ࠆߘࠇߙࠇߩੱ⒳ߩ↢ᓤᢙߩഀวߣ㧘AP ⹜㛎ฃ㛎⠪ߦභ߼ࠆߘߩഀวࠍ␜ߒߡ߅ࠅ㧘⴫ 6㧙4 ߪోᎺߩ߁ߜ AP ⹜㛎ฃ㛎⠪ᢙߩᄙ޿਄૏ 10 Ꮊߩ࠺࡯࠲ࠍᛮ☴ߒߡ૞ᚑߒߚ߽ߩߢ޽ࠆ‫ޕ‬⴫㧢㧙㧠 ‫↢ޠ♽ࠞ࡝ࡈࠕޟ‬ᓤߣ‫↢ߩޠࠢ࠶࠾ࡄࠬࡅޟ‬ᓤߩ #2 ࡊࡠࠣ࡜ࡓෳട⁁ᴫ㩷㩷㩷㩷Black or African Students

Hispanic or Latino Studentsో↢ᓤᢙߦභ߼

AP ⹜㛎ฃ㛎⠪ో↢ᓤᢙߦභ߼

AP ⹜㛎ฃ㛎⠪ࠆഀวᢙߦභ߼ࠆഀว

ࠆഀวᢙߦභ߼ࠆഀว

ࠞ࡝ࡈࠜ࡞࠾ࠕ

7.3%

3.6%

36.4%

30.2%

࠹ࠠࠨࠬ

13.5%

6.9%

35.9%

33.7%

࠾ࡘ࡯࡛࡯ࠢ

14.4%

7.0%

11.8%

11.1%

ࡈࡠ࡝࠳

19.7%

11.0%

20.7%

24.2%

ࠗ࡝ࡁࠗ

13.6%

8.4%

12.3%

11.2%

ࡧࠔ࡯ࠫ࠾ࠕ

24.1%

10.2%

6.2%

5.7%

ࡁ࡯ࠬࠞࡠ࡜ࠗ࠽

27.3%

13.4%

4.6%

3.7%

ࡍࡦࠪ࡞ࡃ࠾ࠕ

11.8%

4.7%

3.4%

2.4%

࡚ࠫ࡯ࠫࠕ

33.1%

20.4%

4.4%

4.0%

ࠝࡂࠗࠝ

11.0%

6.4%

1.5%

1.8%

ࠕࡔ࡝ࠞో૕

13.7%

6.9%

14.0%

14.0%

಴ᚲ㧕College Board (2007). Advanced Placement Report to the Nation 2007. ࠍ߽ߣߦ╩⠪૞ᚑ‫ޕ‬⴫ 6㧙4 ߩਛߢ㧘‫↢ޠ♽ࠞ࡝ࡈࠕޟ‬ᓤߩ AP ࡊࡠࠣ࡜ࡓ߳ߩෳട⁁ᴫߦߟ޿ߡߺࠆߣ㧘ోߡߩᎺߦ߅޿ߡ㧘AP ⹜㛎ฃ㛎⠪ᢙߦභ߼ࠆ‫↢ޠ♽ࠞ࡝ࡈࠕޟ‬ᓤߩഀวߪ㧘ో↢ᓤᢙߦභ߼ࠆߘߩ
ഀวࠍਅ࿁ߞߡ޿ࠆ‫߫߃଀ޕ‬㧘ࠞ࡝ࡈࠜ࡞࠾ࠕᎺߢߪ㧘Ꮊో૕ߩ㜞ᩞ↢ᓤᢙߦභ߼ࠆ‫࡝ࡈࠕޟ‬ࠞ♽‫↢ޠ‬ᓤߩഀวߪ 7.3%ߢ޽ࠆ߇㧘AP ⹜㛎ฃ㛎⠪ߦභ߼ࠆߘߩഀวߪ 3.6%ߦߣߤ߹ߞߡ޿
ࠆ‫ߚ߹ޕ‬㧘࡚ࠫ࡯ࠫࠕᎺߦߟ޿ߡ߽㧘ోߡߩ㜞ᩞ↢ߩ߁ߜ 33.1%߇‫↢ޠ♽ࠞ࡝ࡈࠕޟ‬ᓤߢ޽ࠆ― 87 ―

߇㧘AP ⹜㛎ฃ㛎⠪ߩਛߢ⷗ࠆߣ㧘ߘߩഀวߪ 20.4%ߣߥߞߡ޿ࠆ‫ߦࠄߐޕ‬㧘ࠕࡔ࡝ࠞో૕ߢ
ߺࠇ߫㧘ో↢ᓤᢙߦභ߼ࠆ‫↢ޠ♽ࠞ࡝ࡈࠕޟ‬ᓤߩഀวߪ 13.7%ߢ޽ࠆ߇㧘ߘࠇࠍ AP ⹜㛎ฃ㛎⠪ߢߺࠆߣߘߩ߁ߜߩ 6.9%ߒ߆භ߼ߡ޿ߥ޿‫ޕ‬એ਄ߩࠃ߁ߥᢙ୯߆ࠄߺࠆߣ㧘‫ޠ♽ࠞ࡝ࡈࠕޟ‬↢ᓤ߇ AP ࡊࡠࠣ࡜ࡓߦෳടߔࠆߚ߼ߩᐔ╬ߥᯏળࠍਈ߃ࠄࠇߡ޿ࠆߣߪ⸒޿㔍޿‫ޕ‬ᰴߦ㧘‫↢ߩޠࠢ࠶࠾ࡄࠬࡅޟ‬ᓤߦߟ޿ߡߺࠆߣ㧘‫↢ޠ♽ࠞ࡝ࡈࠕޟ‬ᓤߩ႐วߣᲧセߔࠇ߫㧘AP⹜㛎ฃ㛎⠪ߦභ߼ࠆ‫↢ߩޠࠢ࠶࠾ࡄࠬࡅޟ‬ᓤߩഀว߇ᄢ߈޿ߣ⸒߃ࠆ‫߫߃଀ޕ‬㧘ࡈࡠ࡝࠳Ꮊࠍ
ߺࠆߣ㧘ో↢ᓤᢙߦභ߼ࠆ‫↢ߩޠࠢ࠶࠾ࡄࠬࡅޟ‬ᓤߩഀวߪ 20.7%ߢ޽ࠆ߇㧘AP ⹜㛎⠪ᢙߦ߅ߌࠆߘߩഀวߪ 24.2%ߣߥߞߡ޿ࠆ‫ߚ߹ޕ‬㧘ࠝࡂࠗࠝᎺߦ߅޿ߡ߽㧘ో↢ᓤᢙߩ 1.5%ࠍ‫ࡅޟ‬ࠬࡄ࠾࠶ࠢ‫↢ߩޠ‬ᓤ߇භ߼ߡ޿ࠆ߇㧘AP ⹜㛎ฃ㛎⠪ߦභ߼ࠆᓐࠄߩഀวߪߘࠇࠍ਄࿁ࠆ 1.8%
ߣߥߞߡ޿ࠆ‫ߡߒߘޕ‬㧘ࠕࡔ࡝ࠞో૕ߣߒߡߺࠇ߫㧘ోߡߩ㜞ᩞ↢ߦභ߼ࠆ‫ޠࠢ࠶࠾ࡄࠬࡅޟ‬ߩ↢ᓤߩഀวߣ AP ⹜㛎ࠍฃ㛎ߔࠆ↢ᓤߦභ߼ࠆߘߩഀวߪߤߜࠄ߽ 14.0%ߣ╬ߒߊߥߞߡ޿
ࠆ‫ߒ߆ߒޕ‬㧘ઁߩᎺ㧘଀߃߫ࠞ࡝ࡈࠜ࡞࠾ࠕᎺߦߟ޿ߡߺࠆߣ㧘ో↢ᓤᢙߦභ߼ࠆ‫࠾ࡄࠬࡅޟ‬࠶ࠢ‫↢ߩޠ‬ᓤߩഀวߪ 36.4%ߢ޽ࠆ߇㧘AP ⹜㛎ฃ㛎⠪ᢙߦභ߼ࠆߘߩഀวߪ 30.2%ߢ޽ࠆ‫ޕ‬߹ߚ㧘࡚ࠫ࡯ࠫࠕᎺߦ߅޿ߡ߽㧘㜞ᩞ↢ో૕ߩ߁ߜ 4.4㧑ࠍ‫↢ߩޠࠢ࠶࠾ࡄࠬࡅޟ‬ᓤ߇භ߼ߡ
޿ࠆ߇㧘AP ⹜㛎ฃ㛎⠪ᢙߢߪ 4.0%ߒ߆භ߼ߡ޿ߥ޿‫ߡߞ߇ߚߒޕ‬㧘ࠕࡔ࡝ࠞߩ㜞ᩞ↢ో૕ߩ߁ߜ‫↢ߩޠࠢ࠶࠾ࡄࠬࡅޟ‬ᓤ߇භ߼ࠆഀวߣ㧘AP ⹜㛎ฃ㛎⠪ᢙߦභ߼ࠆߘߩഀวߣ߇╬ߒߊߡ߽㧘ᓐࠄߦ㐿߆ࠇߡ޿ࠆᯏળߩ⒟ᐲߪᎺߦࠃߞߡᏅ߇ߺࠄࠇ㧘‫↢ߩޠࠢ࠶࠾ࡄࠬࡅޟ‬ᓤߦኻߒߡ AP ࡊࡠࠣ࡜ࡓߦෳടߔࠆᯏળ߇චಽߦਈ߃ࠄࠇߡ޿ࠆߣ৻᭎ߦ⸒߁ߎߣߪߢ߈ߥ޿‫ޕ‬㧔㧟㧕ᚑ❣ߩੱ⒳㑆ᩰᏅߎߎߢߪ㧘AP ࡊࡠࠣ࡜ࡓߦෳടߒߡ޿ࠆࡑࠗࡁ࡝࠹ࠖߩ↢ᓤߦᵈ⋡ߒ㧘ߘߩᚑ❣ߩᬌ⸛ࠍⴕ߁ߎߣߦߔࠆ‫ޕ‬ᣢㅀߩߣ߅ࠅ㧘AP ࡊࡠࠣ࡜ࡓߪ㧘㜞ᩞ↢ࠍࠃࠅ౞Ṗߦᄢቇᢎ⢒߳⒖ⴕߐߖࠆߎߣࠍ⋡⊛ߣߒߡ޿ࠆ‫ࠄ߇ߥߒ߆ߒޕ‬㧘ᄙߊߩ㜞ᩞ↢߇ AP ⑼⋡߳ෳടߒ㧘AP ⹜㛎ࠍฃߌࠆߣ޿߁㧘AP ࡊࡠࠣ࡜ࡓ߳ߩ‫ޟ‬ᒻᑼ⊛ෳട‫ࠍޠ‬ଦߒߡ޿ࠆߛߌߢߪ㧘ߘߩ⋡⊛ࠍචಽߦ㆐ᚑߢ
߈ࠆߣߪ⠨߃ߦߊ޿‫ߦ߆⏕ޕ‬㧘↢ᓤ߇ AP ࡊࡠࠣ࡜ࡓߦෳടߒ㧘ᄢቇߩ৻⥸ᢎ⢒⺖⒟ߢⴕࠊࠇ
ࠆ᝼ᬺߩ㔓࿐᳇ߦ⸅ࠇࠆߎߣߪ㧘౞Ṗߥ㜞ᄢធ⛯ߩታ⃻ߦലᨐ⊛߆߽ߒࠇߥ޿‫ߒ߆ߒޕ‬㧘ᧄ᧪AP ࡊࡠࠣ࡜ࡓ߇⋡ᜰߔߩߪ㧘ߘࠇࠃࠅ߽߻ߒࠈቇജ㕙ߢߩ㜞ᄢធ⛯ࠍ౞Ṗߦߔࠆߎߣߢ޽ࠆ‫ޕ‬ߔߥࠊߜ㧘↢ᓤ߇ AP ࡊࡠࠣ࡜ࡓߢᄢቇ࡟ࡌ࡞ߩ᝼ᬺࠍฃߌ㧘ߘࠇߦ⋧ᔕߒ޿ቇ⠌⢻ജࠍりߦߟߌࠆߎߣߢ㧘ࠃࠅ৻ጀ౞Ṗߥᄢቇ߳ߩ⒖ⴕ߇ታ⃻ߢ߈ࠆߩߢ޽ࠆ‫ߡߞ߇ߚߒޕ‬㧘AP ࡊࡠࠣ࡜ࡓ߇↢ᓤߦߣߞߡ᦭ലߦᯏ⢻ߒߡ޿ࠆ߆ߤ߁߆ࠍ್ᢿߔࠆߦߪ㧘AP ࡊࡠࠣ࡜ࡓ߳ߩෳടᯏ
ળߩߺߥࠄߕ㧘ߘߩᚑ❣ߦߟ޿ߡ߽ᬌ⸛ࠍⴕ߁ᔅⷐ߇޽ࠆߣ⠨߃ࠄࠇࠆ‫ޕ‬― 88 ―

⴫㧢㧙㧡 ੱ⒳೎ #2 ⹜㛎ߩᐔဋᚑ❣
Black or African㩷㩷AmericanAsian, Asian

Other Hispanic,

AmericanPacific Islander

AmericanAlaska Native

Indian or

White

National Total

American, or

Latino, or Latinࠕࡔ࡝ࠞผ

1.83

2.87

2.01

2.18

2.84

2.67

⧷ᢥቇ࡮૞ᢥ

2.00

2.94

2.26

2.43

2.99

2.81

⧷⺆࡮૞ᢥ

1.90

2.79

2.09

2.28

2.81

2.63

ᓸⓍಽ AB

1.83

3.09

2.26

2.36

3.03

2.89

ࠕࡔ࡝ࠞ᡽ᴦቇ

1.87

2.77

1.99

2.33

2.84

2.64

↢‛ቇ

1.95

3.32

2.26

2.47

3.09

2.97

ᔃℂቇ

2.11

3.26

2.47

2.73

3.24

3.08

ࠬࡍࠗࡦ⺆

1.84

2.83

3.80

2.27

2.66

3.28

࡛࡯ࡠ࠶ࡄผ

2.08

3.02

2.38

2.60

2.96

2.88

⛔⸘ቇ

1.70

3.03

2.10

2.39

2.90

2.78

ో⑼⋡

1.91

3.05

2.48

2.39

2.95

2.83

಴ᚲ㧕College Board (2008). The 4th Annual AP Report to the Nation. ࠍ߽ߣߦ╩⠪૞ᚑ‫ޕ‬਄ㅀߩࠃ߁ߦ㧘AP ࡊࡠࠣ࡜ࡓ߳ߩෳടᯏળߦ㑐ߒߡߪੱ⒳㑆ߢᩰᏅ߇ߺࠄࠇࠆ߇㧘ߘߩ⑼⋡೎ᚑ❣ߦߟ޿ߡߪߤ߁ߢ޽ࠈ߁߆‫ ⴫ޕ‬6㧙5 ߪ㧘‫ޠ♽ࠞ࡝ࡈࠕޟ‬㧘‫ޠ♽ࠕࠫࠕޟ‬㧘‫ޠࠢ࠶࠾ࡄࠬࡅޟ‬㧘‫ޠࡦࠞ࡝ࡔࠕࡉࠖ࠹ࠗࡀޟ‬㧘‫ޠੱ⊕ޟ‬
㧘ߘߒߡࠕࡔ࡝ࠞో૕ߩ AP ⹜㛎ߩᐔဋᚑ❣ࠍ⑼⋡ߏߣߦ␜ߒߚ߽ߩߢ޽ࠆ‫⴫ޕ‬ਛߩ⑼⋡ߦߟ޿ߡߪ㧘ో 37 ⑼⋡ߩ߁ߜ AP ⹜㛎ߩฃ㛎⠪ᢙ߇ᄙ޿ 10 ⑼⋡ࠍ␜ߒߡ޿ࠆ‫ߚ߹ޕ‬㧘ో⑼⋡ߩᐔဋᚑ❣ߦ㑐ߒߡߪ㧘ࠞ࡟࠶ࠫࡏ࡯࠼߇ឭଏߔࠆ 37 ⑼⋡ో૕ߩᐔဋᚑ❣ࠍ␜ߒߡ޿ࠆ‫ޕ‬⴫ 6㧙5 ߦ␜ߒߚੱ⒳ߩߥ߆ߢ㧘ో⑼⋡ߩ AP ⹜㛎ߩᐔဋᚑ❣߇ᦨ߽㜞޿ߩߪ‫↢ޠ♽ࠕࠫࠕޟ‬ᓤߩ 3.05 ߢ޽ࠅ㧘ࠕࡔ࡝ࠞో૕ߩᐔဋᚑ❣ߩ 2.83 ࠍ਄࿁ࠆ⚿ᨐߣߥߞߡ޿ࠆ‫ޕ‬ᰴߦὐᢙ߇㜞޿ߩߪ‫ߩޠੱ⊕ޟ‬ฃ㛎⠪ߢ㧘ో⑼⋡ߩᐔဋᚑ❣ߪ 2.95 ߣߥߞߡ޿ࠆ‫ߩߎޕ‬ᚑ❣߽߹ߚ㧘ࠕࡔ࡝ࠞో૕ߩᐔဋߢ޽ࠆ 2.83 ࠍ਄࿁ࠆ‫ోࠞ࡝ࡔࠕޕ‬૕ߩᐔဋᚑ❣ࠍ਄࿁ࠆੱ⒳ߪ㧘‫ߣޠ♽ࠕࠫࠕޟ‬‫↢ߩޠੱ⊕ޟ‬ᓤߩߺߢ޽ࠆ‫ޕ‬ਔ⠪ߪ AP ࡊࡠࠣ࡜ࡓ߳ߩෳടੱᢙ߽ᄙߊ㧘ᚑ❣߽㜞޿ߩߢ޽ࠆ‫ޕ‬৻ᣇ㧘ࡊࡠࠣ࡜ࡓ߳ߩෳടੱᢙ߇ዋߥ޿‫ޠࡦࠞ࡝ࡔࠕࡉࠖ࠹ࠗࡀޟ‬㧘‫↢ߩޠࠢ࠶࠾ࡄࠬࡅޟ‬ᓤߦߟ޿ߡߺࠆߣ㧘ో⑼⋡ߩᐔဋᚑ❣ߪߘࠇߙࠇ 2.39 ߣ 2.48 ߢ޽ࠅ㧘ࠕࡔ࡝ࠞో૕ߩᐔဋᚑ❣ࠍਅ࿁ߞߡ޿ࠆ‫ߦࠄߐޕ‬㧘‫↢ޠ♽ࠞ࡝ࡈࠕޟ‬ᓤߦߟ޿ߡߪ㧘ో⑼⋡ߩᐔဋᚑ❣ߪ 1.91 ߢ㧘⴫ߦ␜
ߒߚੱ⒳ߩߥ߆ߢᦨ߽ૐߊ㧘ઁߩੱ⒳ߣᲧセߒߡ߽ᚑ❣ߩૐߐߪ㗼⪺ߢ޽ࠆ‫ޕ‬― 89 ―

⴫㧢㧙㧢 ‫↢ޠ♽ࠕࠫࠕޟ‬ᓤߩ #2 ⹜㛎ᚑ❣೎ੱᢙᚑ❣߇ 1 ߩᚑ❣߇ 2 ߩᚑ❣߇ 3 ߩᚑ❣߇ 4 ߩᚑ❣߇ 5 ߩ

ੱᢙ

ੱᢙ

ੱᢙ

ੱᢙ

ੱᢙ

ࠕࡔ࡝ࠞผ

5,771

7,806

6,721

6,847

4,277

31,422⧷ᢥቇ࡮૞ᢥ

1,978

7,814

8,186

5,750

2,214

25,942⧷⺆࡮૞ᢥ

2,364

8,341

7,206

4,293

1,866

24,070ᓸⓍಽ AB

5,709

3,997

4,967

5,203

6,321

26,197

ࠕࡔ࡝ࠞ᡽ᴦቇ

2,653

5,668

4,717

3,419

1,191

17,648

↢‛ቇ

2,571

4,093

4,317

4,633

5,678

21,292

ᔃℂቇ

2,178

1,448

2,290

3,237

2,843

11,996

ࠬࡍࠗࡦ⺆

983

1,232

1,341

1,050

628

5,234

࡛࡯ࡠ࠶ࡄผ

1,451

1,465

3,372

1,968

1,301

9,557

⛔⸘ቇ

2,740

2,001

3,273

3,319

2,283

13,616㩷㩷ว⸘ੱᢙ಴ᚲ㧕College Board (2008). The 4th Annual AP Report to the Nation. ࠍ߽ߣߦ╩⠪૞ᚑ‫ޕ‬⴫㧢㧙㧣 ‫↢ޠ♽ࠞ࡝ࡈࠕޟ‬ᓤߩ #2 ⹜㛎ᚑ❣೎ੱᢙᚑ❣߇ 1 ߩᚑ❣߇ 2 ߩᚑ❣߇ 3 ߩᚑ❣߇ 4 ߩᚑ❣߇ 5 ߩ

ੱᢙ

ੱᢙ

ੱᢙ

ੱᢙ

ੱᢙ

ࠕࡔ࡝ࠞผ

8,681

4,249

2,119

1,286

387

16,722⧷ᢥቇ࡮૞ᢥ

6,299

8,282

3,540

1,100

190

19,411⧷⺆࡮૞ᢥ

5,917

6,699

2,423

708

162

15,909

ᓸⓍಽ AB

4,929

1,217

1,017

683

388

8,234

ࠕࡔ࡝ࠞ᡽ᴦቇ

3,593

2,851

1,237

486

108

8,275

↢‛ቇ

3,105

1,722

883

574

255

6,539

ᔃℂቇ

3,159

975

1,041

944

311

6,430

ࠬࡍࠗࡦ⺆

953

384

258

142

41

1,778

࡛࡯ࡠ࠶ࡄผ

1,129

498

724

213

67

2,631

⛔⸘ቇ

2,468

669

529

260

74

4,000

㩷㩷

ว⸘ੱᢙ

಴ᚲ㧕College Board (2008). The 4th Annual AP Report to the Nation. ࠍ߽ߣߦ╩⠪૞ᚑ‫ޕ‬ᰴߦ㧘⴫ 6㧙5 ߩߥ߆ߢᚑ❣߇ᦨ߽㜞߆ߞߚ‫↢ޠ♽ࠕࠫࠕޟ‬ᓤߣ㧘ㅒߦᦨ߽ᚑ❣߇ૐ߆ߞߚ
‫↢ޠ♽ࠞ࡝ࡈࠕޟ‬ᓤߦߟ޿ߡ㧘AP ⹜㛎ߩᚑ❣ߏߣߩੱᢙࠍᲧセߒߥ߇ࠄ㧘ߘߩ․ᓽࠍ᣿ࠄ߆
ߦߔࠆ‫߼ߚߩߘޕ‬㧘AP ⹜㛎ߩᚑ❣೎ੱᢙࠍ‫↢ޠ♽ࠕࠫࠕޟ‬ᓤߦߟ޿ߡߺߚ⴫ 6㧙6 ߣ㧘‫ࡈࠕޟ‬࡝ࠞ♽‫↢ޠ‬ᓤߦߟ޿ߡ⴫ߒߚ⴫ 6㧙7 ࠍ↪޿ߡਔ⠪ߩ AP ⹜㛎ߦ߅ߌࠆᚑ❣ߩಽᨆࠍⴕ߁ߎߣߦ
ߔࠆ‫ޕ‬― 90 ―

߹ߕ㧘‫ޟ‬ᓸⓍಽ AB‫ ߩޠ‬AP ⹜㛎ߦᵈ⋡ߔࠆߣ㧘⴫ 6㧙6 ߆ࠄ‫↢ޠ♽ࠕࠫࠕޟ‬ᓤߩฃ㛎⠪ 2 ਁ
6,197 ੱߩ߁ߜ 6,321 ੱߩᚑ❣߇ 5 ߢ޽ࠅ㧘ߘߩੱᢙߪ 1 ߆ࠄ 4 ߹ߢߩᚑ❣ࠍ෼߼ߚ↢ᓤᢙߩߥ߆ߢ৻⇟ᄙ޿ߎߣ߇ࠊ߆ࠆ‫৻ޕ‬ᣇ㧘⴫ 6㧙7 ߢ‫ޟ‬ᓸⓍಽ AB‫ ߩޠ‬AP ⹜㛎⚿ᨐࠍ‫ޠ♽ࠞ࡝ࡈࠕޟ‬↢ᓤߦߟ޿ߡߺࠆߣ㧘ߘߩᚑ❣߇ 1 ߢ޽ࠆ↢ᓤߩᢙߪ 4,929 ੱߣߥߞߡ߅ࠅ㧘2 ߆ࠄ 5 ߩᚑ❣
ࠍ෼߼ߚੱᢙߣᲧセߒߡᦨ߽ᄙ޿‫߽߆ߒޕ‬㧘‫ޟ‬ᓸⓍಽ AB‫⹜ߩޠ‬㛎ࠍฃ㛎ߒߚ↢ᓤߩว⸘ੱᢙ߇
8,234 ੱߢ޽ࠆߎߣ߆ࠄ㧘ඨᢙએ਄ߩ↢ᓤߩᚑ❣߇ 1 ߢ޽ߞߚߎߣߦߥࠆ‫ޕ‬ห᭽ߦ㧘‫↢ޠ♽ࠞ࡝ࡈࠕޟ‬ᓤߦߟ޿ߡߪ㧘‫ࠞ࡝ࡔࠕޟ‬ผ‫⸘⛔ޟߣޠ‬ቇ‫⹜ߩޠ‬㛎ߦ߅޿ߡ߽ߘߩ
ᚑ❣߇ 1 ߩ↢ᓤᢙ߇ᦨ߽ᄙߊ㧘ߐࠄߦ⹜㛎ฃ㛎⠪ᢙߩඨᢙએ਄ߩ↢ᓤߩᚑ❣߇ 1 ߣ޿߁⚿ᨐߢ޽ࠆ‫ޕ‬‫ࠞ࡝ࡔࠕޟ‬ผ‫ ߩޠ‬AP ⹜㛎ฃ㛎⠪ߪ 1 ਁ 6,722 ੱߢ޽ࠅ㧘ߘߩ߁ߜ 7,514 ੱߩᚑ❣߇ 1ߢ޽ࠆ‫ޕ‬‫⸘⛔ޟ‬ቇ‫ߪߡ޿ߟߦޠ‬㧘AP ⹜㛎ߩฃ㛎⠪ᢙߪ 4,000 ੱߢ޽ࠅ㧘ߘߩ߁ߜ 2,468 ੱߩᚑ❣߇ 1 ߣߥߞߡ޿ࠆ‫ߚ߹ޕ‬㧘‫⧷ޟ‬ᢥቇ࡮૞ᢥ‫ޠ‬㧘‫࡮⺆⧷ޟ‬૞ᢥ‫ޠ‬㧘‫ࠞ࡝ࡔࠕޟ‬᡽ᴦቇ‫ޠ‬㧘‫ޠ‛↢ޟ‬
㧘
‫ޟ‬ᔃ
ℂቇ‫ޠ‬
㧘
‫ޠ⺆ࡦࠗࡍࠬޟ‬㧘‫ࡄ࠶ࡠ࡯࡛ޟ‬ผ‫ߦޠ‬㑐ߒߡ߽㧘‫↢ޠ♽ࠞ࡝ࡈࠕޟ‬ᓤߩ႐วߪᚑ❣߇ 1 ߢ޽ߞߚ↢ᓤᢙ߇ᦨ߽ᄙߊߥߞߡ޿ࠆ‫ߦࠄߐޕ‬㧘ߎߩ߁ߜ‫ࡄ࠶ࡠ࡯࡛ޟߣޠ⺆ࡦࠗࡍࠬޟ‬ผ‫ࠍޠ‬㒰޿ߚ⑼⋡ߦߟ޿ߡߪ㧘AP ⹜㛎ฃ㛎⠪ᢙߪ‫↢ޠ♽ࠕࠫࠕޟ‬ᓤᢙ߇‫↢ޠ♽ࠞ࡝ࡈࠕޟ‬ᓤᢙࠍ਄࿁
ࠆ߇㧘⹜㛎ᚑ❣߇ 1 ߢ޽ࠆ↢ᓤᢙߪ‫↢ޠ♽ࠞ࡝ࡈࠕޟ‬ᓤߩᣇ߇ᄙ޿ߎߣ߇ࠊ߆ࠆ‫ޕ‬ߎߩࠃ߁ߦ㧘ਔ⠪ߦ߅޿ߡ⹜㛎ࠍฃߌߚว⸘ੱᢙߦߪ㆑޿߇޽ࠆ߇㧘⹜㛎ߩᚑ❣߇ 1 ߢ޽ߞߚ‫↢ޠ♽ࠞ࡝ࡈࠕޟ‬ᓤߩੱᢙ߇߈ࠊ߼ߡᄙ޿ߎߣ߇ࠊ߆ࠆߩߢ޽ࠆ‫ߚߒ߁ߎޕ‬ὐ߽੹ᓟߩ㊀ⷐߥᬌ⸛⺖㗴ߣߒߡ⊓႐ߒߡߎࠃ߁‫ޕ‬㧠㧚▤ℂㆇ༡਄ߩലᨐߣ⺖㗴㧔㧝㧕ࠞ࡝ࠠࡘ࡜ࡓߩᮡḰൻ╙ 3 ┨ߢ␜ߒߚࠃ߁ߦ㧘㜞ᩞߢ AP ࡊࡠࠣ࡜ࡓߩ᝼ᬺࠍⴕ߁ߦ޽ߚߞߡ㧘ߘߩታ〣ߪᢎຬߩⵙ㊂ߦછߐࠇߡ޿ࠆ‫ߒ߆ߒޕ‬㧘AP ⹜㛎ߩᚑ❣ߦᔕߓߡᄢቇ஥߇න૏ߩ⹺ቯࠍⴕ߁ߎߣ߿㧘↢ᓤߩ AP ⹜㛎ߩᚑ❣߇㜞ᩞߩฬჿߦ⋥⚿ߔࠆߎߣ╬ࠍ⠨ᘦߔࠇ߫㧘AP ⑼⋡ߩ᝼ᬺߪᔅὼ⊛ߦAP ⹜㛎ߦᮡḰࠍวࠊߖߚ߽ߩߣߥࠆߎߣ߇੍ᗐߐࠇࠆ‫ߚ߹ޕ‬㧘╙ 3 ┨ߢ⸅ࠇߚࠃ߁ߦ㧘ࠞ࡟࠶ࠫࡏ࡯࠼ߪ 2007 ᐕ߆ࠄ AP ⑼⋡㐿⸳ክᩏ೙ᐲࠍ⸳ߌ㧘ฦ㜞ᩞߢⴕࠊࠇࠆ AP ⑼⋡ߩࠞ࡝ࠠࡘ
࡜ࡓࠍክᩏߔࠆࠃ߁ߦߥߞߚ‫ߡߞ߇ߚߒޕ‬㧘ߘࠇ߹ߢߪᎺ߿ቇᩞߏߣߦ߫ࠄߟ߈ߩ޽ߞߚࠕࡔ
࡝ࠞ࿖ౝߩࠞ࡝ࠠࡘ࡜ࡓࠍᮡḰൻߔࠆߎߣ߇น⢻ߦߥࠆߣ⠨߃ࠄࠇࠆ‫ޕ‬⃻࿷㧘ࠕࡔ࡝ࠞߢߪᎺߏߣߦ⸳ቯߐࠇߡ޿ࠆࠬ࠲ࡦ࠳࡯࠼ߣᎺ࠹ࠬ࠻߇㧘Ꮊ࡟ࡌ࡞ߩࠞ࡝ࠠ
ࡘ࡜ࡓ࡮ࠬ࠲ࡦ࠳࡯࠼ߣߒߡᯏ⢻ߒߡ޿ࠆ߇㧘ߘߩ⑼⋡ߪ‫ޟߣޠ⺆⧷ޟ‬ᢙቇ‫ߩߘޕ޿ߥ߆ߒޠ‬ὐߢ㧘ߐ߹ߑ߹ߥ⑼⋡ࠍឭଏߔࠆ AP ࡊࡠࠣ࡜ࡓߩᓇ㗀ߪᄢ߈ߊߥߞߡ޿ߊߣ⠨߃ࠄࠇࠆ‫ޕ‬ᄙߊߩ↢ᓤ߇ AP ࡊࡠࠣ࡜ࡓߦෳടߒߡ߅ࠅ㧘ో☨⊛ߥࡊࡠࠣ࡜ࡓߣߥߞߚ⃻࿷㧘ߘࠇ߇࿖࡟ࡌ
࡞ߢࠞ࡝ࠠࡘ࡜ࡓࠍᮡḰൻߐߖࠆᓎഀࠍᨐߚߔน⢻ᕈ߇㜞޿ߣ⠨߃ࠄࠇࠆ‫ߩ࠼࡯ࡏࠫ࠶࡟ࠞޕ‬ࠬࡐ࡯ࠢࠬࡑࡦߢ޽ࠆ࡚ࠫ࡯ࡦ࠭㧔LeeJones㧕ߪ㧘ታ㓙ߦ AP ࡊࡠࠣ࡜ࡓߪ਄⚖࡟ࡌ࡞ߩࠦ
࡯ࠬߦ㑐ߔࠆ໑৻ߩ࠽࡚ࠪ࠽࡞ࠬ࠲ࡦ࠳࡯࠼ߢ޽ࠆߣߐ߃ㅀߴߡ޿ࠆߩߢ޽ࠆ‫ޕ‬― 91 ― ߒ߆ߒ㧘ߘߩࠃ߁ߥലᨐ߇ᦼᓙߐࠇࠆ৻ᣇߢ㧘AP ⑼⋡ߩࠞ࡝ࠠࡘ࡜ࡓߦ㑐ߔࠆᛕ್߽޽ࠆ‫ޕ‬ߔߥࠊߜ㧘ߘࠇ߇ AP ⹜㛎ߢ᳞߼ࠄࠇࠆ⤘ᄢߥ㊂ߩᥧ⸥ߦ㊀߈ࠍ⟎޿ߡ޿ࠆߎߣߦኻߔࠆᛕ್
ߢ޽ࠆ‫ࠞ࡝ࡔࠕޕ‬ᄢቇදળ㧔TheAssociationofAmericanCollegeandUniversity㧕ߪ㧘2002ᐕߩႎ๔ᦠߩਛߢ㧘‫ޟ‬ᄙߊߩᄢቇߪ㧘1 ቇᐕߢ޽ߞߡ߽ࠃࠅᷓߊ㧘ߘߒߡ⎇ⓥߦၮ␆ࠍ߅޿ߚቇ
⠌ࠍㅴ߼ߡ޿ࠆ߇㧘ᄙߊߩ AP ⑼⋡ߪ㧘ᐢ▸࿐ߦࠊߚࠆᥧ⸥߇ߘߩਛᔃߣߥߞߡ޿ࠆ‫᧪ᧄޕ‬㧘㜞ᩞ╙ 12 ቇᐕߩ↢ᓤߪᄢቇߢቇ߱ࠃ߁ߥᷓ޿⍮⼂ࠬࠠ࡞ࠍ㊀ⷞߔࠆߴ߈ߢ޽ࠆ߇㧘ᄙߊߩ↢ᓤߪߘࠇࠍߥ޿߇ߒࠈߦߒߡ޿ࠆ‫ޕ‬‫ߣޠ‬ㅀߴߡ޿ࠆ‫ࠅ߹ߟޕ‬㧘AP ⑼⋡ߪ⍮⼂ߩ⾰ࠃࠅ߽߻ߒࠈ
ߘߩ㊂ࠍ㊀ⷞߒߡ޿ࠆߩߢ޽ࠆ‫ޕ‬ታ㓙㧘AP ⑼⋡ࠍᜂᒰߒߚ⚻㛎ߩ޽ࠆᢎຬߦࠃࠇ߫㧘㒢ࠄࠇߚᤨ㑆ߩਛߢ↢ᓤߩ AP ⹜㛎ߩᚑ❣ࠍะ਄ߐߖࠆߚ߼ߦߪ㧘⍮⼂ࠍᥧ⸥ߐߖࠆᣇᴺ߇ࡌࠬ࠻ߢ
޽ࠆߣ๔⊕ߒߡ޿ࠆ‫ޕ‬ߐࠄߦ㧘ࠃࠅᄙߊߩ⑼⋡ߩ AP ⹜㛎ࠍฃ㛎ߒࠃ߁ߣ㧘ᣧ޿Ბ㓏߆ࠄ AP ⑼⋡ࠍጁୃߒᆎ߼ࠆ
↢ᓤ߇಴ߡ߈ߡ޿ࠆ‫ ⴫ޕ‬4㧙6 ߢ߽␜ߒߚࠃ߁ߦ㧘⑼⋡ߦࠃߞߡߪ╙ 9 ቇᐕߩ↢ᓤࠍኻ⽎ߦ AP⑼⋡ࠍ㐿⸳ߔࠆ㜞ᩞ߽޽ࠆ‫ޕ‬AP ࡊࡠࠣ࡜ࡓߦࠃࠅᄙߊߩ㜞ᩞ↢ࠍෳടߐߖࠆߚ߼ߩദജߪ⒓
⾥ߦ୯ߔࠆ߇㧘ߘࠇߪหᤨߦ㧘AP ⑼⋡ߩ᝼ᬺ߇↢ᓤߩ⥝๧࡮㑐ᔃࠍᒁ߈಴ߒ㧘ᄢቇ߳ߩ౞Ṗ
ߥ⒖ⴕࠍଦߔߚ߼ߩ߽ߩߣ޿߁ࠃࠅ߽㧘නߦ࠹ࠬ࠻ߢᅢᚑ❣ࠍ෼߼ࠆߚ߼ߦᔅⷐߣߥࠆ⍮⼂ࠍᢎ߃ㄟ߻ߚ߼ߩ߽ߩߣߥߞߡߒ߹߁ߎߣ߇ ᔨߐࠇࠆ‫ޕ‬AP ࡊࡠࠣ࡜ࡓߪ㧘⚻ᷣ⊛࿾૏߿ੱ⒳ߦ㑐ࠊࠄߕ㧘ᄙߊߩ↢ᓤߦߣߞߡ㐿᡼ߐࠇࠆߴ߈ߢ޽ࠆ߇㧘╙ 9 ቇᐕߩࠃ߁ߦ㧘㜞ᩞߦ౉ቇߒ
ߚ߫߆ࠅߩᤨᦼ߆ࠄᄢቇ࡟ࡌ࡞ߩ᝼ᬺࠍឭଏߔࠆߎߣߦߪ⇼໧ߩჿ߽޽ࠆ‫ޕ‬ㄭᐕ㧘AP ࡊࡠࠣ࡜ࡓߪ㧘ᢎຬߩⵙ㊂߇޽߹ࠅ⹺߼ࠄࠇߥ޿ߣ޿߁ℂ↱߿㧘↢ᓤߦߣߞߡߪ
ᓧࠆ߽ߩ߇ዋߥ޿ߣ޿߁ℂ↱߆ࠄ㧘AP ࡊࡠࠣ࡜ࡓ߳ߩෳടࠍਛᱛߔࠆ㜞ᩞ߽⊓႐ߒߡ߈ߡ޿
ࠆ‫ߦࠄߐޕ‬㧘2007 ᐕߦࠞ࡟࠶ࠫࡏ࡯࠼߇⸳ߌߚ AP ⑼⋡㐿⸳ክᩏ೙ᐲߩߚ߼ߦ㧘ᢎຬߩ⥄↱ߥ
ᢎ᝼ᴺࠍᅹߍࠆߣߒߡ㧘หࡊࡠࠣ࡜ࡓ߆ࠄ᠗ㅌߔࠆቇᩞ߽Ⴧ߃ߡ߈ߡ޿ࠆ‫ޕ‬ታ㓙 AP ⑼⋡㐿⸳ክᩏ೙ᐲࠍ⸳ߌߚ 2007 ᐕߦߪో૕ߩ 3 ಽߩ 2 ߒ߆⸵นߐࠇߥ߆ߞߚߎߣ߽㧘หࡊࡠࠣ࡜ࡓ߆
ࠄߩ᠗ㅌߦᓇ㗀ࠍਈ߃ߡ޿ࠆߣ⠨߃ࠄࠇࠆ‫ޕ‬ߘߒߡ㧘ߎߩࠃ߁ߦ AP ࡊࡠࠣ࡜ࡓ߆ࠄ᠗ㅌߒߚ㜞ᩞߦߪ㧘AP ࡊࡠࠣ࡜ࡓߣߪ೎ߦቇᩞ⁛⥄ߩᄢቇ࡟ࡌ࡞ߩࠦ࡯ࠬࠍ㐿⸳ߔࠆ㜞ᩞ߽ߺࠄࠇࠆ‫߫߃଀ޕ‬㧘ࠪࠞࠧߦ޽ࠆࡈ࡜ࡦࠪࠬ࡮W࡮ࡄ
࡯ࠞ࡯࡮ࠬࠢ࡯࡞㧔FrancisW.ParkerSchool㧕߇ታᣉߔࠆ‫౒౏ޟ‬᡽╷ࠍߟߊࠆ㧔CreatingPublic
Policy㧕‫ߪߢ⋡⑼߁޿ߣޠ‬㧘ቇ↢ߪ޿ߊߟ߆ߩ࠴࡯ࡓߣߥߞߡㇺᏒ᡽╷ߦߟ޿ߡ⺞ߴ㧘ߐ߹ߑ߹ߥᗧ⷗ࠍᜬߟੱ‫޿ⴕࠍ࡯ࡘࡆ࠲ࡦࠗߦޘ‬㧘ߘߎ߆ࠄࠊ߆ߞߚߎߣࠍᏒߩ⡯ຬߦႎ๔ߔࠆ߽ߩߢ
޽ࠆ‫ߚ߹ޕ‬㧘ࡈࠖ࡜࠺࡞ࡈࠖࠕߦ޽ࠆࠫࡖ࡯ࡑࡦ࠲࠙ࡦ࡮ࡈ࡟ࡦ࠭࡮ࠬࠢ࡯࡞㧔Germantown
FriendsSchool㧕ߢߪ㧘↢ᓤߪ 1 ᐕ㑆ࠍㅢߒߡࠥࡁࡓߦ㑐ߔࠆ⺞ᩏࠍⴕ߁‫ޕ‬ᓐࠄߪ㧘ㆮવሶ╬ࠍᲧセߔࠆߎߣߦࠃߞߡ㧘⇣ߥࠆ↢‛ห჻ߩㅴൻ⊛㑐ଥࠍ⺞ߴࠆߩߢ޽ࠆ‫ߒߛߚޕ‬㧘ߎࠇࠄߪ⃻࿷ߩߣߎࠈᄢቇߩන૏ߣߒߡ⹺ቯߐࠇࠆࠊߌߢߪߥ޿ߚ߼㧘ߘߩ᜛ᄢߪ੹ߩߣߎࠈਇㅘ᣿ߢ
޽ࠆߣ⸒߃ࠆ‫ޕ‬

― 92 ―

㧔㧞㧕ኻ⾌↪ലᨐࠞ࡟࠶ࠫࡏ࡯࠼ߪߎࠇ߹ߢ㧘ቇ↢ߩ࠾࡯࠭߿␠ળ⁁ᴫߦᔕߓߡ㧘AP ࡊࡠࠣ࡜ࡓߣߒߡឭଏ
ߔࠆ⑼⋡ࠍᓢ‫ߦޘ‬Ⴧടߐߖߡ߈ߚ‫ߒ߆ߒޕ‬㧘2008 ᐕ 3 ᦬ 27 ᣣߩℂ੐ળߦ߅޿ߡ㧘2009 ᐕ 5᦬ߦታᣉߐࠇࠆ AP ⹜㛎એ㒠㧘‫࡮⺆ࠕ࡝࠲ࠗޟ‬ᢥൻ‫ޠ‬㧘‫ࡦ࠹࡜ޟ‬ᢥቇ‫ޠ‬㧘‫ࠬࡦ࡜ࡈޟ‬ᢥቇ‫ޠ‬㧘‫ޟ‬ᖱႎ⑼ቇ AB‫ ߩޠ‬4 ⑼⋡ߦߟ޿ߡ㧘AP ⹜㛎ࠍਛᱛߔࠆߎߣࠍ᳿ቯߒߚ‫ޕ‬1950 ᐕઍߦ AP ࡊࡠࠣ࡜ࡓ
߇㐿ᆎߒߡએ᧪㧘ⶄᢙߩ AP ⑼⋡ࠍᑄᱛߒߚߩߪ੹࿁߇ೋ߼ߡߢ޽ࠆ‫ߩ࠼࡯ࡏࠫ࠶࡟ࠞޕ‬೽ળ㐳ߢ޽ࠆࡄ࠶ࠞ࡯㧔TrevorPacker㧕ߦࠃࠇ߫㧘⹜㛎ᑄᱛߩਥߥℂ↱ߪ㧘ߘࠇࠄߩ⑼⋡ߩ AP⹜㛎ࠍฃߌࠆ↢ᓤᢙ߇ዋߥ޿ߎߣߦ޽ࠆ‫ߪ࠼࡯ࡏࠫ࠶࡟ࠞޕ‬㕖༡೑࿅૕ߢ޽ࠆ߇㧘AP ⹜㛎ߩฃ㛎ᢱ߇ࡊࡠࠣ࡜ࡓࠍㆇ༡ߔࠆߦ޽ߚߞߡᔅⷐߣߥࠆ⾆㊀ߥ⽷Ḯߣߥߞߡ߈ߚߩߪ⏕߆ߢ޽ࠆ‫ޕ‬ߎࠇ߹ߢ㧘ෳട↢ᓤᢙߩዋߥ޿ AP ⑼⋡ࠍ⛽ᜬߔࠆߚ߼ߦ㧘AP ⹜㛎ߩฃ㛎⠪ᢙ߇ᄙ޿⑼⋡߆ࠄᓧࠄࠇࠆฃ㛎ᢱߢ⋧Ვߒߡ߈ߚ‫ߒ߆ߒޕ‬㧘ߘࠇ߽㒢⇇ࠍ⿥߃ߚߚ߼ᑄᱛࠍ᳿ቯߒߚߩߢ޽ࠆ‫ޕ‬ઍࠊࠅߦ㧘ߘࠇࠄߦ⾌߿ߒߡ߈ߚ⾗㊄ࠍઁߩ⑼⋡ߦะߌ㧘AP ⑼⋡ࠍ⛽ᜬߔࠆߚ߼ߩᡰេࠍⴕ
߁ߎߣࠍ੍ቯߒߡ޿ࠆ‫ߪ࠼࡯ࡏࠫ࠶࡟ࠞޕ‬㧘㕖༡೑࿅૕ߣߒߡ⾰ߩ㜞޿ᄢቇ࡟ࡌ࡞ߩ AP ⑼⋡ࠍ↢ᓤߦឭଏߔࠆߚ߼ߦߐ߹ߑ߹ߥᡰេࠍⴕߞߡ߅ࠅ㧘↢ᓤ߿ᢎຬ߇ലᨐ⊛ߢ᏷ᐢߊ㊀ⷐߥࠨࡐ࡯࠻ࠍฃߌࠆߚ߼ߦߪ㧘⾗Ḯࠍㆡಾߦഀࠅᒰߡߥߊߡߪߥࠄߥ޿ߩߢ޽ࠆ‫ޕ‬⴫ 6㧙8 ߪ㧘AP ⹜㛎ߩᑄᱛ߇᳿ቯߒߚ 4 ⑼⋡ߦߟ޿ߡ㧘2003 ᐕએ㒠ߩฃ㛎⠪ᢙߩផ⒖ࠍ␜
ߒߚ߽ߩߢ޽ࠆ‫ޕ‬‫࡮⺆ࠕ࡝࠲ࠗޟ‬ᢥൻ‫ߪߡ޿ߟߦޠ‬㧘2006 ᐕ߆ࠄ AP ࡊࡠࠣ࡜ࡓߦᣂߚߦዉ౉
ߐࠇߚߚ߼㧘AP ⹜㛎ߩฃ㛎⠪ᢙߪ 2006 ᐕ߆ࠄ␜ߒߡ޽ࠆ‫ޕ‬⴫㧢㧙㧤 #2 ⹜㛎ߩᑄᱛ߇᳿ቯߐࠇߚ  ⑼⋡ߩฃ㛎ੱᢙߩផ⒖
⑼⋡

2003 ᐕ

2004 ᐕ

2005 ᐕ

ࠗ࠲࡝ࠕ⺆࡮ᢥൻ

2006 ᐕ

2007 ᐕ

1,597

1,642

࡜࠹ࡦᢥቇ

6,645

7,193

7,892

8,177

8,700

ࡈ࡜ࡦࠬᢥቇ

1,862

1,821

1,835

2,009

2,068

ᖱႎ⑼ቇ #$

21,745

20,41419,021

19,601

20,113಴ᚲ㧕College Board (2008). The 4th Annual AP Report to the Nation. ࠍ߽ߣߦ╩⠪૞ᚑ‫ޕ‬ߎߩ⴫߆ࠄ㧘
‫ޟ‬ᖱႎ⑼ቇ‫ޠ‬એᄖߩ 3 ⑼⋡ߦ㑐ߒߡߪ㧘2000 ᐕ߆ࠄ 2007 ᐕߦ߆ߌߡ AP ⹜㛎ߩฃ㛎⠪ᢙߪ৻ᔕჇടߒߡ޿ࠆߎߣ߇ࠊ߆ࠆ‫߫߃଀ޕ‬㧘‫ࡦ࠹࡜ޟ‬ᢥቇ‫ߣࠆ⷗ࠍޠ‬㧘2003 ᐕߩ AP⹜㛎ฃ㛎⠪ߪ 6,645 ੱߢ޽ߞߚ‫ޕ‬2004 ᐕߦߪ 7,000 ੱࠍ⿥߃㧘ߐࠄߦ 2006 ᐕߦߪ 8,000 ੱ߹ߢ㆐ߒ㧘2007 ᐕߦߪ 8,700 ੱߩ↢ᓤ߇ AP ⹜㛎ࠍฃ㛎ߒߡ޿ࠆ‫ߒ߆ߒޕ‬㧘╙ 2 ┨ߢ␜ߒߚ⴫ 2
㧙4 ߣᲧセߔࠆߣ㧘ߎࠇࠄߩ 4 ⑼⋡ߪߘߩฃ㛎ੱᢙ߇߈ࠊ߼ߡዋߥ޿ߎߣ߇ࠊ߆ࠆ‫߫߃଀ޕ‬㧘AP ⹜㛎ࠍฃߌࠆ↢ᓤᢙߩᄙ޿‫ࠞ࡝ࡔࠕޟ‬ผ‫ߣࠆߺߡ޿ߟߦޠ‬㧘2003 ᐕߦߪฃ㛎⠪ᢙ߇ 24 ਁ
2,699 ੱߣߥߞߡ޿ࠆ‫ߚ߹ޕ‬㧘ߐࠄߦᲤᐕ߅ࠃߘ 2 ਁੱߕߟ AP ⹜㛎ฃ㛎⠪ᢙߪჇടߒ㧘2006― 93 ―

ᐕߦߪ 30 ਁੱࠍ⿥߃㧘2007 ᐕߦߪ 33 ਁ 3,561 ੱߩ↢ᓤ߇ฃ㛎ߒߡ޿ࠆ‫ޕ‬2007 ᐕߩ‫ࡦ࠹࡜ޟ‬ᢥቇ‫ ߩޠ‬AP ⹜㛎ฃ㛎⠪ᢙߣᲧセߔࠆߣ㧘߅ࠃߘ 40 ୚ߩ↢ᓤ߇ฃ㛎ߒߡ޿ࠆߎߣߦߥࠆ‫ޕ‬‫ࡈޟ‬࡜ࡦࠬᢥቇ‫ޠ‬ߩ AP ⹜㛎ࠍฃ㛎ߔࠆ↢ᓤᢙ߽ 2003 ᐕ߆ࠄ 2007 ᐕߦ߆ߌߡჇടߒߡ޿ࠆ߇㧘2007
ᐕߦ‫ࠞ࡝ࡔࠕޟ‬ผ‫⹜ߩޠ‬㛎ࠍฃ㛎ߒߚ↢ᓤᢙߣᲧセߔࠆߣ㧘ߘࠇߪ⚂ 160 ಽߩ 1 ߢߒ߆ߥ޿‫ޕ‬৻ᣇ㧘⴫ 6㧙8 ߢ‫ޟ‬ᖱႎ⑼ቇ AB‫ߣࠆߺߡ޿ߟߦޠ‬㧘AP ⹜㛎ߩฃ㛎⠪ᢙߪ 2003 ᐕ߆ࠄ 2007ᐕߦ߆ߌߡᷫዋ௑ะߦ޽ࠆ‫ޕ‬2003 ᐕߩ AP ⹜㛎ฃ㛎⠪ᢙߪ 2 ਁ 1,745 ੱߢ޽ߞߚ߇㧘2005 ᐕߦߪ⚂ 1 ਁ 9,000 ੱ߹ߢᷫዋߒߡ޿ࠆ‫ޕ‬2007 ᐕߦߪ 2 ਁ 113 ੱ߹ߢౣ߮Ⴧടߒߡ޿ࠆ߇㧘ో૕⊛ߦߺࠇ߫ AP ⹜㛎ࠍฃߌࠆ↢ᓤᢙߪᷫዋߒߡ޿ࠆߩߢ޽ࠆ‫ߦ߁ࠃߩߎޕ‬㧘‫ޟ‬ᖱႎ⑼ቇ AB‫ޠ‬ߩ AP ⹜㛎ࠍฃߌࠆ↢ᓤᢙ߇ᷫዋߒߡ޿ࠆⷐ࿃ߩ৻ߟߣߒߡߪ㧘ߘߩ AP ⹜㛎ߩౝኈࠍ᜼ߍࠆ
ߎߣ߇ߢ߈ࠆ‫‛↢ޟ߫߃଀ޕ‬ቇ‫‛ޟ߿ޠ‬ℂቇ‫ޠ‬㧘ߘߒߡ‫⚻ޟ‬ᷣቇ‫ ߩ⋡⑼ߩઁߚߞ޿ߣޠ‬AP ⹜㛎ߢߪᦨవ┵ߩ࠻ࡇ࠶ࠢࠍ㗴᧚ߦߒߡ޿ࠆ߇㧘‫ޟ‬ᖱႎ⑼ቇ‫ ߩޠ‬AP ⹜㛎ߩ߶ߣࠎߤߩㇱಽ߇㧘ࡊࡠࠣ࡜ࡓ⸒⺆ߣߥߞߡ߅ࠅ㧘⍮⼂⊛ߥౝኈߦᰳߌߡ޿ࠆߩߢ޽ࠆ‫ޕ‬એ਄ߩࠃ߁ߦ㧘AP ⹜㛎ߩฃ㛎⠪߇ዋߥ޿ߎߣ߆ࠄ 2009 ᐕએ㒠ߩᑄᱛ߇᳿ቯߐࠇߚ߇㧘4 ⑼⋡ߩ߁ߜ㧘‫࡮⺆ࠕ࡝࠲ࠗޟ‬ᢥൻ‫ߪߡ޿ߟߦޠ‬ౣ㐿ߩน⢻ᕈ߇␜ߐࠇߚ‫ߪߩ߁޿ߣޕ‬㧘‫ࠕ࡝࠲ࠗޟ‬⺆࡮ᢥൻ‫ޠ‬એᄖߩ 3 ⑼⋡ߦߟ޿ߡߪ㧘หಽ㊁ߢ㊀ⶄߔࠆ AP ⑼⋡߇޽ࠆ‫߫߃଀ޕ‬㧘‫ࠬࡦ࡜ࡈޟ‬ᢥቇ‫ߦޠ‬㑐ߒߡߪ㧘‫ ߩޠ⺆ࠬࡦ࡜ࡈޟ‬AP ⹜㛎߇ 2009 ᐕએ㒠߽ታᣉߐࠇࠆ‫ߒ߆ߒޕ‬㧘‫ࠕ࡝࠲ࠗޟ‬⺆࡮ᢥൻ‫ߪߡ޿ߟߦޠ‬หߓಽ㊁ߦ߅ߌࠆ AP ⹜㛎ߪታᣉߐࠇߡ߅ࠄߕ㧘㊀ⶄߔࠆ⑼⋡ߪሽ࿷ߒߥ޿‫ߡߞ߇ߚߒޕ‬㧘‫࡮⺆ࠕ࡝࠲ࠗޟ‬ᢥൻ‫ ߩޠ‬AP ࡊࡠࠣ࡜ࡓߦߟ޿ߡߪ㧘⽷᡽㕙ߢḰ஻߇ᢛ߃߫
ౣ㐿ߔࠆน⢻ᕈ߇޽ࠆߎߣࠍ␜ߒߚߩߢ޽ࠆ‫ޕ‬2009 ᐕ 5 ᦬߹ߢߦ㧘ࠞ࡟࠶ࠫࡏ࡯࠼ߩ⽷᡽㕙ࠍഥߌࠆᣂߚߥࡄ࡯࠻࠽࡯߇⃻ࠇߚ႐ว㧘‫࡮⺆ࠕ࡝࠲ࠗޟ‬ᢥൻ‫ ߪࡓ࡜ࠣࡠࡊߩޠ‬2012 ᐕ 5 ᦬߹ߢᑧ㐳ߔࠆ੍ቯߢ޽ࠆ‫ߪ࠼࡯ࡏࠫ࠶࡟ࠞޕ‬㧘2009 ᐕ 5 ᦬ 1 ᣣ߹ߢߦᄖㇱ߆ࠄߩᡰេࠍฃߌࠆ
ߎߣ߇ߢ߈㧘3 ᐕᑧ㐳ߔࠆߎߣߦߥࠆ߆ߤ߁߆ߪ㧘ᜂᒰᢎຬߦ⍮ࠄߖࠆߎߣߦߥߞߡ޿ࠆ‫ޕ‬㧡㧚߅ࠊࠅߦ એ਄ߩࠃ߁ߦ㧘AP ࡊࡠࠣ࡜ࡓߩ໧㗴ὐߣߪ㧘ߘߩኻ⽎ߣߥࠆ↢ᓤࠍቇᬺᚑ❣ߩఝ⑲ߥ৻ㇱߩ↢ᓤߩߺ߆ࠄ㧘ࠃࠅᄙߊߩ↢ᓤߦᯏળࠍਈ߃ࠃ߁ߣߔࠆߎߣߦ↱᧪ߔࠆ⍦⋫ߩ㗼࿷ൻߢ޽ߞ
ߚߣ⸒߃ࠆ‫ߢ┨ᧄޕ‬᣿ࠄ߆ߦߥߞߚߎߣߪ㧘એਅߩߣ߅ࠅߢ޽ࠆ‫ޕ‬ ╙৻ߦ㧘නߦ AP ࡊࡠࠣ࡜ࡓߦෳടߔࠆߛߌߢߪ㜞ᄢធ⛯ࠍଦߔലᨐߪዊߐ޿‫ߩߢ߹ࠇߎޕ‬⎇ⓥ߆ࠄ᣿ࠄ߆ߢ޽ࠆߎߣߪ㧘AP ࡊࡠࠣ࡜ࡓߪ AP ⑼⋡ߣߘࠇࠍ᷹ࠆ⹜㛎߇࠮࠶࠻ߦߥߞߡߪ
ߓ߼ߡലᨐࠍ⊒ើߔࠆߣ޿߁ߎߣߢ޽ࠆ‫ߦ߆⏕ޕ‬㧘⹜㛎߇ߥ޿ߣߔࠇ߫ AP ⑼⋡ߩ᥉Ბߩ᝼ᬺߦり߇౉ࠄߥ޿ߎߣ߽⠨߃ࠄࠇࠆ‫ ╙ޕ‬4 ┨ߢ⷗ߡ߈ߚߣ߅ࠅ㧘AP ⹜㛎ߪ৻ᄛẃߌߢߪᅢ߹ߒ
޿⚿ᨐߪᓧࠄࠇߥ޿㛽ߩ޽ࠆ໧㗴⟲ߢ޽ࠆ‫ޕ‬᥉Ბ߆ࠄ੍⠌߿ᓳ⠌ࠍߒߚ߁߃ߢߐࠄߦ⹜㛎ኻ╷ࠍਁోߦߒߥߌࠇ߫㧘߅ߘࠄߊ 3 એ਄ߩᚑ❣ߪ෼߼ࠆߎߣ߇ߢ߈ߥ޿ߛࠈ߁‫ޕ‬ቇജะ਄ߣ޿߁
ⷰὐ߆ࠄߔࠇ߫㧘⹜㛎ߪᔅⷐᖡߢ޽ࠆߣ߽⸒߃ࠆߢ޽ࠈ߁‫ޕ‬― 94 ― ╙ੑߦ㧘ࠞ࡟࠶ࠫࡏ࡯࠼ߪ㧘AP ࡊࡠࠣ࡜ࡓࠍනߦ᜛ᄢߐߖࠆߎߣߛߌߢߪߥߊ㧘ࡑࠗࡁ࡝࠹ࠖߦ߽ߘߩᯏળ߇੨ฃߐࠇࠆࠃ߁ߐ߹ߑ߹ߥദജࠍᛄߞߡ޿ࠆ߇㧘⎇ⓥ⚿ᨐ߆ࠄߺࠆߣߎࠇ
߹ߢߩߣߎࠈߘߩෳടᯏળߪੱ⒳㑆ߢဋ╬ߦߥߞߡ޿ߥ޿ߎߣ߇ࠊ߆ߞߚ‫ߚ߹ޕ‬㧘AP ⹜㛎ߩᚑ❣ߦߟ޿ߡ߽㧘‫↢ߩޠࠢ࠶࠾ࡄࠬࡅޟ߿ޠ♽ࠞ࡝ࡈࠕޟ‬ᓤߪ㧘‫↢ߩޠ♽ࠕࠫࠕޟ߿ޠੱ⊕ޟ‬ᓤߦᲧߴߡૐߊߥߞߡ޿ࠆߎߣ߇᣿ࠄ߆ߦߥߞߚ‫ߡ޿߅ߦ⁁⃻ߚߒ߁ߎޕ‬㧘੹ᓟࡑࠗࡁ࡝࠹ࠖߦ
ኻߔࠆᢇ޿ߩᚻࠍߐࠄߦᏅߒિߴߡ޿ߊᣇะߦㅴ߻ߩ߆㧘ߘࠇߣ߽⾰ߩૐਅߩ໧㗴ߦ㑐ᔃࠍᛄߞߡ AP ࡊࡠࠣ࡜ࡓෳട⠪ࠍ⛉ࠆᣇะߦㅴ߻ߩ߆ߪ㧘AP ࡊࡠࠣ࡜ࡓߩ዁᧪ߦߣߞߡᭂ߼ߡ㊀ⷐߥ᳿ᢿߣߥࠈ߁‫ޕ‬╙ਃߦ㧘AP ࡊࡠࠣ࡜ࡓߪ㧘AP ⹜㛎߇‧ᒁജߣߥߞߡࠞ࡝ࠠࡘ࡜ࡓࠍ࿖࡟ࡌ࡞ߢᮡḰൻߔࠆน⢻ᕈ߽ሺࠎߢ޿ࠆߎߣ߇ࠊ߆ߞߚ‫ߒ߆ߒޕ‬㧘ߘߩ৻ᣇߢ㧘AP ⑼⋡ߩࠞ࡝ࠠࡘ࡜ࡓ߇ᄢ㊂ߩౝኈࠍᥧ⸥ߔࠆߎߣߦ㊀ὐࠍ⟎޿ߡ޿ࠆߎߣߦኻߔࠆᛕ್߽޽ࠅ㧘ߎ߁ߒߚᣇะߦᧄᒰߦㅴࠎ
ߢ޿ߊߩ߆ߪ੹ᓟᵈⷞߒ⛯ߌࠆᔅⷐ߇޽ࠆߢ޽ࠈ߁‫ޕ‬޿ߕࠇߦߖࠃ㧘AP ࡊࡠࠣ࡜ࡓ߇ߔߢߦࠕࡔ࡝ࠞߩᢎ⢒ࡊࡠࠣ࡜ࡓߣߒߡ⹺⍮ߐࠇߡ޿ࠆߎ
ߣߪㄭᐕߩᣂ⡞ႎ㆏߆ࠄ߽᣿ࠄ߆ߢ޽ࠆ‫ߩߘޕ‬േะࠍㅊߞߡ޿ߊߣ㧘⢐ቯߔࠆ⠪߇޿ࠆ৻ᣇߢ㧘ߘࠇએ਄ߦߎߩࡊࡠࠣ࡜ࡓߦᛕ್⊛ߥ⠪߇޿ࠆߎߣ߇ࠊ߆ࠆ‫ ߪߣߎߩߘޕ‬AP ࡊࡠࠣ࡜ࡓᡷ㕟߇࿖᳃ߦߣߞߡήⷞߢ߈ߥ޿㑐ᔃ੐ߦߥߞߡ߈ߚߎߣࠍᗧ๧ߒ㧘ⴕ߈⹣߹ࠅᗵߩ޽ࠆࠕࡔ࡝ࠞ
ᢎ⢒ࠍᄌ߃ߡ޿ߊߚ߼ߩᦼᓙ߿น⢻ᕈࠍ߽หᤨߦ⢛⽶ߞߚᭂ߼ߡ㊀ⷐߥࡊࡠࠣ࡜ࡓߢ޽ࠆߣ߽
⸒߃ࠆߢ޽ࠈ߁‫ޕ‬‫ޣ‬ᵈ‫ޤ‬1
2

Education Week, January 5, 2005. Study: AP Courses Alone Don’t Aid College Work.
Education Week, February 15, 2006. Scholars Warn of Overstating Gains From AP
Classes Alone.

3

The Chronicle of Higher Education, January 21, 2005. Scholars Say College Admissions

4

The Chronicle of Higher Education, June 21, 2002. California May Ban Extra Points for

5

The Chronicle of Higher Education, August 2, 2002. College Board Plans to Broaden

6

The Chronicle of Higher Education, June 21, 2002. California May Ban Extra Points for

Office Misuse Advanced Placement Data.
AP Courses.

Mission of Advanced Placement.
AP Courses.

Education Week, January 19, 2005. On Dropping AP Courses.
8 Education Week, February 15, 2006. Scholars Warn of Overstating Gains From AP
7Classes Alone.

The Chronicle of Higher Education, November 23, 2007. High Schools Say No to AP.
10 The Chronicle of Higher Education, November 16, 2007. Two-Thirds of AP Courses Pass
9

Official Muster.

― 95 ―

11
12

The Chronicle of Higher Education, May 2, 2008. Advancing Beyond AP Courses.
Education Week, April 9, 2008. College Board Intends to Drop AP Programs in Four
Subjects.

13

The Chronicle of Higher Education, June 24, 2005. The Decline and Fall of Computer

14

Education Week, April 9, 2008. College Board Intends to Drop AP Programs in Four

15

Science.

Subjects.
College Board (2008). Important Announcement about AP Italian Language andCulture.
<http://apcentral.collegeboard.com/apc/public/courses/teachers_corner/195950.html>― 96 ―

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ISBN978-4-902808-48-3 No.102 (March 2009)

高等教育研究叢書

REVIEWS IN HIGHER EDUCATION

102

アメリカのアドバンスト・プレイスメント・プログラム

Advanced Placement Program in the United States:
Present and Future of the Educational Articulation

アメリカのアドバンスト・
プレイスメント・プログラム

高等教育研究叢書102 2009年 ３ 月― 高大接続の現状と課題―

小川 佳万・小野寺 香―高大接続の現状と課題 ―
小川佳万・小野寺香

RESEARCH INSTITUTE FOR
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HIROSHIMA UNIVERSITY

ISBN978-4-902808-48-3

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