1高知リハビリテーション専門職大学

学力試験

令和 2 年度

一般入試（B 日程）

コミュニケーション英語Ⅰ・Ⅱ

Ⅰ. 次の英文を読んで、以下の 1～5 の問いに答えなさい。
Bacteria: They are invisible1. They are everywhere. And we need them to live.
In our bodies, bacteria outnumber human cells by ten to one. All this bacteria weighs as much as your brain---nearly threepounds (1.3 kilograms). Most bacteria in our bodies are not harmful; in fact, many benefit us in important ways. They help us
digest food. They make important vitamins, and they help fight infections.
But some bacteria can be dangerous. Take, for example, Staphylococcus aureus. It lives in our noses. Usually, it’s harmless;other bacteria in the nose control it. But if Staphylococcus aureus2 travels to another environment, things change. In the skin,for example, it can cause deadly infections.
We can cure most bacterial infections with antibiotics3, but there are problems with this medicine. Antibiotics kill bad, infectioncausing bacteria. But this medicine kills good bacteria in our bodies, too. When we kill the good kind, this can cause other healthproblems. A lack of certain bacteria in the body can make us sick.
So what can we do? We should not use antibiotics very often, say scientists. We can fight infections, but we also need tomaintain helpful bacteria in the body. To help us do this, doctors are now developing “probiotic remedies4.” These new medicines
will return certain bacteria to the body and restore the balance our body needs.
For years, we thought all bacteria were dangerous. Of course, some are. But we are learning that many bacteria keep us
healthy. They live on and within us, and our well-being depends on them.

(註) invisible1, 見えない、目につかないほど小さい
antibiotics3, 抗生物質

1

Staphylococcus aureus2, 黄色ブドウ球菌

probiotic remedies4, プロバイオティク（生菌）療法

線部の英文を日本語になおしなさい。

2 善玉菌は、私たちの健康のためにどのような活動をしていますか、三点について日本語で書きなさい。
3 Staphylococcus aureus が悪玉菌となる状況やそれが引き起こす症状について、日本語で述べなさい。
4

線部の’problems’とはどんな問題ですか、日本語で簡潔に答えなさい。

5 以下の(1)～(3)の英問の答えとして最も適切なものを、a～d の中から選び、その記号を答えなさい。
(1) Which statement about bacteria is true?
a. The bacteria in our brain weigh three pounds.

b. Most bacteria in our bodies are dangerous.

c. We cannot live without bacteria.

d. There are more bacteria in our nostrils than in our throat.

(2) In line 2, it says In our bodies, bacteria outnumber human cells by ten to one. What does this mean?
a. There are more bacteria than human cells.

b. There are more human cells than bacteria.

c. There are ten human cells for every bacteria cell.

d. There are ten bacteria in every human cell.

(3) What can “probiotic remedies” do?
a. Get healthy bacteria back in the bodyb. Fight against some antibiotics

c. Distinguish good bacteria from bad onesd. Increase good and bad bacteria in the body2
Ⅱ. 次の 1～3 の英文を読み、それぞれの質問に答えなさい。
1

Our bodies are designed to survive on very little sugar. Early humans often had very little food, so our bodies learned to bevery efficient in storing sugar as fat. In this way, we had energy stored for when there was no food. But today, most people
have more than enough. So the very thing that once saved us may now be killing us.
(問)2

下線部を、the very thing の内容を明らかにして、和訳しなさい。

In recent years, scientists all around the world have come to a terrifying conclusion. Global warming is a real problem, andone largely caused by human activity. Some researchers believe that the melting of Greenland’s ice, if it continues, could add
at least a meter to global sea level by 2100.
(問)

以下の質問に日本語で答えなさい。
What do some researchers believe will happen by the year 2100?

3

Stress has many effects on your body and brain. Your brain needs oxygen to think. Stress reduces oxygen in your body.
When you laugh, you breathe deeply. When you laugh, your heart rate goes up. More oxygen goes to your brain. The oxygenhelps you think better.
(問)

笑いが思考を活性化する過程を日本語で説明しなさい。

Ⅲ. 次の各英文の( *(1) A big fire ()内に入る最も適切な語(句)を選び、その記号を答えなさい。

* ) out in Australia and a lot of people and animals had to be evacuated.

(A) happened(B) broke(2) It is necessary for young students to ((A) stand(3) Vintage cars are ((A) hardly(4) He is ((C) took*) up with this ever-changing world.

(B) take(C) keep(D) make* ) seen these days because they are extremely expensive to maintain.
(B) weakly(C) usually(D) uneasily* ) at the thought of going to Australia next month.

(A) excite(B) excites(C) excited(5) It’s already 4:30. It’s impossible to finish this work ((A) at(D) made(B) on

Ⅳ. 次の日本文の意味に合うように、【*(D) exciting) half an hour.

(C) for(D) in】内の英単語を並べ替え、2 番目と 4 番目にくる語(句)の記号を答えなさい。

(1) 私に必要なものは、あなたの支援です。
【 ア I / イ is / ウ your / エ what / オ support / カ need 】.
(2) 現在、どのような症状がありますか。
【 ア are / イ what / ウ you / エ experiencing / オ symptoms 】at the moment?
(3) 今までこの薬を飲んだときに何かおかしなことがありましたか。
【 ア ever / イ problems / ウ have / エ had / オ you 】when you take this medicine?
(4) その先生の出身はどちらだと思いますか。
【 ア is / イ the doctor / ウ where / エ do / オ think / カ you】from?
(5) 私が部屋に入ったとき、彼は本を読むことに集中していた。
【 ア his book / イ was / ウ reading / エ on / オ he / カ concentrating 】when I entered the room.

3Ⅴ. 次の英文中の空所 ( 1 )～( 10 ) に入る最も適切な語(句)を、下のア～コから選び、その記号を答えなさい。

この問題は、著作権の関係により公開していません。

ア terrible

イ fever

ウ hospitalization

エ severeオ runny

カ sore throat

キ respiratory

ク virusケ climates

コ milder