Mr. Kenichi Nakanishi
Receiving & Shipping Supervisor
Kyokuto Petroleum Industris, Ltd.
My name is Kenichi Nakanishi. I am working for the Chiba
refinery of Kyokuto Petroleum Industries, Ltd. where the No. 1 Tokyo Bay
Base of PAJ is located. Last year, I took part in the "skill-up" exercise for alarge oil recovery system that was held at that base from the 11th to the13th of May. Today, I would like to say a few words about the experience.
The exercise was carried out on the sea under the command ofCaptain Kjellsen on both the 12th and the 13th. It consisted of practice initems that we were told was on Basic Training Level 1, such as vertical
deployment of the Uni-Boom, maneuver in J formation, left-handed 180
degree turns, Uni-Boom retrieving and stowing, deployment and retrievingof the Transrec 250 large oil skimming system. There were two vessels
involved in the exercise: Shin-Nichi-Maru and Narita-Maru. The ShinNichi-Maru is in the 698-ton class and served as the mother ship carrying
the Transrec system, Uni-Boom, and Uni-Bag. The Narita-Maru is in the240-ton class and served as the tugboat for deployment of the Uni-Boom.
On both the 12th and the 13th, we enjoyed clear skies with winds
and waves that were not strong or high enough to have a significant effecton the exercise.
The program for the morning of the 12th comprised training in theequipment under the direction of Capt. Kjellsen. On the afternoon of the12th and the 13th, there was training for commanders as well. We were
drilled in not only manipulation of the Transrec system and Uni-Boom per
se but also the major portions of commander's training, namely,
maintaining J-formation of the Uni-Boom through skillful operation of both
vessels and executing 180-degree left turns without breaking the Jformation. Prompt skimming of oil spills depends largely on the ability to
execute turning actions without losing a neat J formation of the Uni-Boom.
The 180-degree left turn had to be executed while holding both
vessels at speeds ranging from 0.5 to 1 knot and keeping the angle between
the Uni-Boom’s cross-bridle rope and the hull at 90 degrees. I had apicture of how it was to be done in my mind, but the actual turn did not go
as well. However, I think the second run went a little more smoothly than
the first. Instruction in the use of equipment such as the Transrec system
and Uni-Boom can be provided on land to a certain extent, but this is nottrue of the commander's training, which has to be implemented on the sea.

It was indeed a precious experience.
I must add that, perhaps carried away with enthusiasm, we sailed
out of the bounds of the prescribed exercise zone on the 13th. Getting backin bounds gave us the chance to experience a right-handed 180-degree turn,which was not in the original program. I understand that this type of turncorresponds with Level 2 of Basic Training. Although this was a notch
above the 180-degree left turn, we were allowed to take up the challenge
being advised by Capt. Kjellsen. With the help of the outstanding
navigational expertise of the veteran skippers of both the Shin-Nichi-Maruand Naritamaru, we made the right turn. I am grateful to both of them forgiving us this wonderful extra experience.
We also encountered some trouble during the exercise. The chief
incidents on the 12th were entanglement of the cross-bridle net in the gap
between the reel drum and Uni-Boom during extension, the snagging of thenet on protuberances on the side of the ship, and the cutting of the crossbridle rope, probably due to excessive tension when taking in the Uni-Boom.
The chief one on the 13th was the difficulty encountered when we began
deploying the Transrec’s skimmer and tried to operate by remote control.
The remote control system stopped functioning because the cord was pulledstrongly and the connection became poor, perhaps due to the improper
position of the cord on the deck, and we immediately switched to operationon the Transrec system side panel.
Transceivers were used for communication between the training
leader and the operators of the Uni-Boom and Transrec system. There
were no earphones or headphones, and the loud sound of the power pack
impeded direct contact with the operators. This drove home to us the needfor relay personnel with transceivers.
Naturally, the point is to acquire skills through repeated exercise.
The occurrence of trouble and incidents during the exercise motivates
reviews and repeated practice, with a commensurate improvement in skills.
As such, I think they will serve us in good stead in the actual event.
In sum, we encountered some minor difficulties, but I recall thatCapt. Kjellsen and the system supervisors rated the exercise a success as afirst effort.
Exercise of this type is absolutely necessary, and I hope that more ofus can experience it over the coming years.