August 28, 2024
Fujitsu Limited
Osaka University
Fujitsu and Osaka University accelerate progress toward practical quantum computing bysignificantly increasing computing scale through error impact reduction in quantum
computing architecture
New technologies establish method to run practical quantum algorithms faster than current
classical computers with fewer qubits
Kawasaki and Osaka, August 28, 2024 - Fujitsu Limited and the Center for Quantum Information andQuantum Biology at Osaka University (QIQB) today announced the joint development of two newtechnologies for the space-time efficient analog rotation quantum computing architecture (*1) thatwill accelerate the realization of practical quantum computing.

Fujitsu and QIQB have leveraged these new technologies, one that improves phase angle accuracy
during phase rotation (*2) and one that automatically generates efficient qubit operation
procedures, to show that it is theoretically possible for a quantum computer to perform acalculation that would take a classical computer five years, in only ten hours. The twoorganizations found that the calculation, a material energy estimate, would be possible using only
60,000 qubits, significantly less than the amount typically thought to be required (*3) for faulttolerant quantum computation (FTQC) (*4) to surpass the calculation speed of classical computers.
These results demonstrate for the first time how quantum advantage, i.e., quantum computers being
able to solve problems faster than current classical computers, can be achieved in the early-FTQC
era (*5), which is expected to arrive around 2030. Quantum computing is expected to acceleratetechnological innovations in various fields, including enabling a larger-scale analysis of theHubbard model (*6) for developing high temperature superconductors (*7), which may improvethe efficiency of electrical infrastructure, as well as lead to innovations in material development
and drug discovery.
The generation of efficient qubit operation procedures was achieved through the development ofa quantum circuit generator. This system introduces a streamlined the process for converting logicgates, which are the fundamental operations of quantum computing, into physical gates, which
operate the qubits. The system is also equipped with acceleration technology that minimizes
computing time by dynamically changing the operational procedures of the qubits.
The two organizations initially announced the quantum computing architecture on March 23,2023(*8), but there were obstacles to practical applications including insufficient accuracy inphase rotation and the lack of an established physical gating procedure, a method of operating
qubits suitable for specific calculation problems. These new technologies address these obstacles.
Through their continued joint quantum computing initiatives, Fujitsu and QIQB aim to contributeto solving societal issues, addressing decarbonization and reducing the cost of new materialdevelopment.

Acknowledgements
This research was supported by the following grants: Japan Science and Technology Agency (JST);the Program on Open Innovation Platforms for Industry-academia Co-creation (COI-NEXT),"Quantum Software Research Hub" (JPMJPF2014); JST Moonshot Goal 6 "Realization of a faulttolerant universal quantum computer that will revolutionize economy, industry, and security by2050", R&D project "Research and Development of Theory and Software for Fault-tolerant
Quantum Computers" (JPMJMS2061); and Japanese Ministry of Education, Culture, Sports, Scienceand Technology’s Quantum Leap Flagship Program (MEXT Q-LEAP) "Development of quantumsoftware by intelligent quantum system design and its applications" (JPMXS0120319794).
Notes(*1) Space-time efficient analog rotation quantum computing architecture:
A quantum computing architecture that can significantly reduce the number of physicalqubits needed for arbitrary phase rotation, An essential step in achieving practical quantumcomputing.
(*2) Phase rotation:
An operation in which the arbitrary phase angle of a qubit rotates. An essential element in
unlocking the true power of quantum computing.
(*3) One million qubits
The estimated number of qubits required to solve the FeMoco (enzyme active center) energy
estimation problem with an error rate of 0.1% (source cited: Reiher, et. al., PNAS, 114 (29) 75557560 (2017)).
(*4) Fault-tolerant quantum computation (FTQC):
Fault-tolerant quantum computation achieved through the correction of quantum errors.
(*5) Early-FTQC era:
An era in which quantum computers work with only a maximum of 100,000 physical qubits andFTQC is considered to be impossible to achieve.
(*6) Hubbard model:
A theoretical model for calculating material properties. It is used to describe strongly correlatedelectron systems, including in high-temperature superconductivity.
(*7) High temperature superconductor:
A material that exhibits a phenomenon which causes it to have zero electrical resistance when it
reaches a temperature above the boiling point of liquid nitrogen.
(*8) Fujitsu and Osaka University develop new quantum computing architecture, accelerating progress
toward practical application of quantum computers
https://www.fujitsu.com/global/about/resources/news/press-releases/2023/0323-01.html

Related Links

Center for Quantum Information and Quantum Biology https://qiqb.osaka-u.ac.jp/en/Fujitsu Quantum
https://www.fujitsu.com/global/about/research/technology/quantum/index.html
Fujitsu and Osaka University Deepen Collaborative Research and Development for Fault-Tolerant
Quantum Computers
https://www.fujitsu.com/global/about/resources/news/press-releases/2021/1001-01.html

About the Center for Quantum Information and Quantum Biology at Osaka University
The Center for Quantum Information and Quantum Biology consists of six research groups:
Quantum Computing, Transdisciplinary Quantum Science, Quantum Information Devices,
Quantum Communication and Security, Quantum Sensing, and Quantum Biology. QIQB promotes
transdisciplinary research between each of these research groups and with other academic fields.
The Center is an international research hub for quantum innovation by actively promotinginternational academic exchange and collaboration across borders. QIQB seeks to play a key rolein nurturing future quantum leaders and specialists through education and training. For more
information: https://qiqb.osaka-u.ac.jp/en/
About Fujitsu
Fujitsu’s purpose is to make the world more sustainable by building trust in society throughinnovation. As the digital transformation partner of choice for customers in over 100 countries, our124,000 employees work to resolve some of the greatest challenges facing humanity. Our range ofservices and solutions draw on five key technologies: Computing, Networks, AI, Data & Security,and Converging Technologies, which we bring together to deliver sustainability transformation.
Fujitsu Limited (TSE:6702) reported consolidated revenues of 3.7 trillion yen (US$26 billion) for
the fiscal year ended March 31, 2024 and remains the top digital services company in Japan bymarket share. Find out more: www.fujitsu.com.
About Osaka University
Osaka University was founded in 1931 as one of Japan’s imperial universities through strong
demand from political and business circles in Osaka, as well as the people of Osaka City andPrefecture. The spiritual roots of Osaka University can be found in Kaitokudo and Tekijuku,
educational institutions of the Edo period. After its merger with Osaka University of Foreign
Studies in 2007, Osaka University became a comprehensive university with its own School ofForeign Studies. Boasting 11 undergraduate schools, 15 graduate schools, and 6 affiliated research
institutes excelling in the fields of the humanities and social sciences, medicine, dentistry,pharmacy, science, and engineering, Osaka University is one of Japan’s premier comprehensive
research universities.
Osaka University will celebrate the 100th anniversary of its founding in 2031.
We will contribute to the creation of a society where each member feels worth living through cocreation with diverse stakeholders to solve local and global challenges in accordance with theuniversity's motto of “Live Locally, Grow Globally.”Press Contacts
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