࠯঺ᵑᵎ࠰ᵗஉᵐᵎଐૼܿᬜԗᡀ᧸໎‫ݣ‬ሊңᜭ˟ ᶎᶐᶃᶑᶃᶌᶒᶑ2018ᖺᗘ ➨2ᅇ䝉䝭䝘䞊⅏ᐖᑐᛂ䛾䝬䝛䝆䝯䞁䝖䛸䝸䞊䝎䞊䝅䝑䝥―䝏䞊䝮䛷༴ᶵ䜢஌䜚㉺䛘䜛䛯䜑䛻―᧸ᘓҔᅹ‫ܖٻ‬ఄᅸϠ॰Ӯ⅏ᐖ䛾✀㢮⮬↛⅏ᐖ▷ᮇᆺ䠖ᆅ㟈䚸ྎ㢼䚸❳ᕳ䛺䛹㛗ᮇᆺ䠖ὥỈ䚸᪭㨧䚸␿⑓䚸㣚㣹䛺䛹ேⅭ⅏ᐖ኱つᶍ஺㏻஦ᨾ䠖㣕⾜ᶵ஦ᨾ䚸ิ㌴஦ᨾ䛺䛹኱つᶍ஦ᨾ䠖ⅆ⅏䚸໬Ꮫ⅏ᐖ䚸ᨺᑕ⥺⅏ᐖ㻯㼛㼙㼜㼘㼑㼤㻌㻌㻴㼡㼙㼍㼚㼕㼠㼍㼞㼕㼍㼚㻌㻌㻱㼙㼑㼞㼓㼑㼚㼏㼕㼑㼟㻔」ྜⓗே㐨༴ᶵ 㻕㞴Ẹ䚸ᡓத䚸⣮த䚸䝔䝻䝸䝈䝮䠩䠥䠩䠩䠯䜘䜚૔࣯Ҕၲể໎ܹҔၲ඙ၲ‫ݣ‬ᝋ૔࣯ҔၲҔၲ᝻เίʴՃὉҔᕤԼὉ᝻֥஬ὸҔၲ᝻เίʴՃὉҔᕤԼὉ᝻֥஬ὸ໎ܹҔၲ඙ၲ‫ݣ‬ᝋ૔࣯Ҕၲ ᵴᵱᵌᴾ໎ܹҔၲṼ ỄẼỤờ૔࣯‫ࣖݣ‬ửᙲ൭ẰủỦṼ ᵮᶐᶇᶍᶐᶇᶒᶗί඙ၲΟέ᪯ˮὸဃԡ ᾍ ೞᏡ ᾍ ૢܾ̾ẉỉʴ᧓ỆấẬỦᵮᶐᶇᶍᶐᶇᶒᶗ඙ၲẴỦʴ᧓ửᢠỎЈẴᵮᶐᶇᶍᶐᶇᶒᶗί૔࣯Ҕၲὸί໎ܹҔၲὸ㜰⚄ῐ㊰኱㟈⅏䛻䛚䛡䜛ศᯒ᫬㛫ᖏ➨୍┦➨஧┦➨୕┦Ⓨ⅏ࠥ䠏㼔䠏ࠥ㻞㻠㼔㻞㻠㼔䡚Ṛஸ⪅㻤㻝㻑㻝䠏㻑Ṛஸศᯒ䛂༶᫬ᆺ䛾Ṛ䛃㻔㼕㼚㼟㼠㼍㼚㼠 㼐㼑㼍㼠㼔㻕䛂㑄䛂㑄ᘏᆺ䠋㜵䛞ᚓ䜛Ṛ䛃㑄ᘏᆺ䠋㜵㜵䛞ᚓ䜛Ṛ䛃㻔㼜㼞㼛㼠㼞㼍㼏㼠㼑㼐㻌㼐㼑㼍㼠㼔㻛㻌㻔㼜㼞㼛㼠㼞㼍㼏㼠㼑㼐㼐㼑㼍㼠㼔㻛㼜㼞㼑㼢㼑㼚㼠㼍㼎㼘㼑㻌㼐㼑㼍㼠㼔㻕䛂㐜ᘏᆺ䛾Ṛ䛃㻢㻑㻔㼐㼑㼘㼍㼥㼑㼐㻌㼐㼑㼍㼠㼔㻕㻔㻭㼛㼗㼕㻌㻺㻘㻌㼑㼠㻌㼍㼘㻚㻌㻼㼞㼑㼔㼛㼟㼜㻌㻱㼙㼑㼞㼓㻌㻯㼍㼞㼑㻚㻌㻞㻜㻜㻠㻌㻤㻔㻞㻕㻦㻞㻝㻣㻙㻞㻞㻕

Cumulative Survival Rate in Hanshin-Awaji Earthquake

OthersContusional injury (Crush syndrome)

Head/Neck
Asphyxia/ pressure injury(Aoki N, et al. Prehosp Emerg Care. 2004(2):217177-22)

P 㻼㼡㼞㼜㼛㼟㼑 䠃 㻼㼞㼑㼜㼍㼞㼍㼠㼕㼛㼚APACS ⅏ᐖ⌧ሙ䝞䞊䝆䝵䞁άື䛾┠ⓗ䛸ෆᐜ䛾᫂☜໬䚸᝿ᐃእ䛾᫬䛾‽ഛ䠄ᚰ䜒䠅㻭㼟㼟㼑㼟㼟㼙㼑㼚㼠 䠄䛩䜉䛶䛾⤌⧊䛾ඹ㏻䛧䛯ホ౯ἲ䠅஦ᨾᴫせ䚸⌧ᅾ䛾άື≧ἣ䚸ぢ㎸䜏㈇യ⪅䚸ᛂ᥼せㄳ䛾ุ᩿䠏㼀ື⥺タᐃ 䠍䠅䝖䝸䜰䞊䝆䝫䝇䝖䚸ᦙ㏦ேဨ䠎䠅ᩆㆤᡤ䝇䝨䞊䝇䚸་⒪䝏䞊䝮䠏䠅ᦙฟ㊰䞉ᦙ㏦ᡭẁᦙ㏦ඛ䛷䛒䜛࿘㎶་⒪ᶵ㛵䛾≧ἣC 㻯㼛㼙㼙㼍㼚㼐 䠃 㻯㼛㼚㼠㼞㼛㼘 䠃 㻯㼛㼙㼙㼡㼚㼕㼏㼍㼠㼕㼛㼚㻯㼛㼛㼜㼑㼞㼍㼠㼕㼛㼚 㻒 㻯㼛㼙㼎㼕㼚㼍㼠㼕㼛㼚 㻒 㻯㼛㼘㼘㼍㼎㼛㼞㼍㼠㼕㼛㼚S⌧ሙᣦ᥹ᮏ㒊䛾᭷↓䚸ሙᡤ䚸㈐௵⪅㐃ᦠ䛩䜛⤌⧊䛸ᢸᙜ䛿ㄡ䛛䠛㒊ୗ䜈䛾䝤䝸䞊䝣䜱䞁䜾䚸ୖྖ䜈䛾ㄝ᫂䚸ᐃᮇⓗ䛺㐃⤡䞉㐃ᦠ
㏻ಙᡭẁ䞉↓⥺ᶵ㓄ഛ䞉≧ἣ⌧ሙ䛷䛾䛚஫䛔䛾ኌ䛛䛡䝹䞊䝹䞉☜ㄆ䛾ୖ䛾☜ㄆ㻿㼍㼒㼑㼠㼥㻌䠄䠐㻿䠖㻿㼑㼘㼒㻌㻌㻿㼏㼑㼚㼑㻌㻌㻿㼡㼞㼢㼕㼢㼛㼞㻌㻌㻿㼛㼏㼕㼑㼠㼥䠅䝞䝑䜽䜰䝑䝥యไ䛾☜❧CWAP• C䠄children䠖Ꮚ౪䠅• W䠄women䠖ዪᛶ)• A䠄aged people䠖㧗㱋⪅䠅• P䠄pregnancy, passenger, poorpeople䠖
ዷ፬, ᪑⾜⪅, ㈋ᅔ⪅䠅ࡄ֒‫ݳ‬৖ʤଡ‫ؖؽ‬͹৚ๅ໤ͳ࿊‫ܠ‬ʥ䐟 ᣦ᥹࿨௧⣔⤫䠄⦪䠅䐠 ከᶵ㛵㐃ᦠ䠄ᶓ䠅䐡 ᝟ሗ⥙䛾☜❧⮬ຓ䚸ඹຓ

→→→CommandControl
Communication⾜ᨻ⮬⾨㝲 ᾏಖ䝪䝷䞁䝔䜱䜰ᅜ䞉┴䠄⥲ྜㄪᩚᡤ䠅 䝺䝧䝹ᾘ㜵㆙ᐹ་⒪Command & Control䛿ᣦ᥹⤫ไ䛸䛔䛖䜘䛖䛻Control䛿⤫ไ䛷䛿䛺䛔䛾䛷䛩䛛䠛⤫ไ ‫ ܒ‬ㄪᩚ ‫ ܒ‬㐃ᦠ⌧ᆅㄪᩚᡤ 䝺䝧䝹䠄᫬䛻ᕷ⏫ᮧ⅏ᑐᮏ㒊䠅άື⌧ሙ 䝺䝧䝹⤫ไ 䠙 㐃ᦠㄪᩚ
䐟Unified Command䐠Span of Control䐢Information Management

18✀㢮䛾ᨭ᥼䛩䜉䛝ෆᐜ
Emergency Support Function䠄ESF)
ESF 1
ESF 2
ESF 3
ESF 4
ESF 5
ESF 6
ESF 7
ESF 8
ESF 9
ESF10
ESF11
ESF12
ESF13
ESF14
ESF15
ESF16
ESF17
ESF18

㍺㏦ᨭ᥼(Transportation)㏻ಙᨭ᥼(Communications)බඹᅵᮌ䞉ᢏ⾡ᨭ᥼(Public Works and Engineering)ᾘ㜵ᨭ᥼(Firefighting)⥭ᛴ஦ែ⟶⌮ᨭ᥼(Emergency Management)⿕⅏⪅ᨭ᥼(Mass Care, Housing, and Human Services)㈨※⟶⌮ᨭ᥼(Resources Support)බ⾗⾨⏕䞉་⒪ᨭ᥼(Public Health and Medical Services)ᤚ⣴ᩆຓᨭ᥼(Urban Search and Rescue)᭷ᐖ≀㉁➼༴㝤≀ᑐᛂᨭ᥼(Oil and Hazardous Materials Response)㎰ᴗ䡡ኳ↛㈨※ᨭ᥼(Agriculture and Natural Resources)䜶䝛䝹䜼䞊ᨭ᥼(Energy)἞Ᏻ⥔ᣢ䞉㆙ഛᨭ᥼(Public Safety and Security)㛗ᮇⓗ᚟⯆ᨭ᥼(Long-term Community Recovery and Mitigation)ᗈሗᨭ᥼(External Affairs)䝪䝷䞁䝔䜱䜰䞉⩏᥼㔠䞉ᐤ௜ㄪᩚᨭ᥼(Volunteers & Donations)䝨䝑䝖䡡ᐙ␆ᨭ᥼(Animal Care)⤒Ⴀ䡡㔠⼥ᨭ᥼(Administration and Finance)

18✀㢮䛾཰㞟䞉ඹ᭷䛩䜉䛝᝟ሗ
Essential Elements of Information䠄EEI)

1.㟁ຊ≧ἣ(electricity Grid Status)
2.㒔ᕷ䜺䝇≧ἣ(National Gas Grid Status)
3.ୖỈ㐨≧ἣ(Public Water Grid Status)
4.㐨㊰㏻⾜≧ἣ(Road Status (including Bridges))
5.㕲㐨㐠⾜≧ἣ(Rail Network Status(including Bridges))
6.㐠Ἑ䡡⯟㊰≧ἣ(Navigable Waterways Status)
7.✵ ≧ἣ(Air TransportatonInfrastrusctureStatus)
8.⅏ᐖᑐ⟇ᮏ㒊≧ἣ(Area Command LacationStatus)
9.㞟⤖ᣐⅬ≧ἣ(Staging Area Status)
10.≀㈨ᦙ㏦ᣐⅬ≧ἣ(Points of Distribution Status)
11.ᛂ᥼ேဨཷ௜ᣐⅬ≧ἣ
12.㑊㞴ᣦ♧Ⓨ௧≧ἣ(Joint Reception,Staging,OnwardMovement andIntegration(JRSO) Sites Status)
13.ேⓗ⿕ᐖⓎ⏕≧ἣ(Injuries and Fatalities Status)
14.㑊㞴ᡤ㛤タ≧ἣ(Evacuation Orders Status)
15.䜺䝋䝸䞁䝇䝍䞁䝗㛤タ≧ἣ(Private Sector InfrastrusctureStatus)
16.ᆅ㟈᝟ሗ䡡ᭀ㟢ேཱྀ⥲ᩘ᥎ᐃ᝟ሗ(U.S. Geological Survey Status(e.g. PAGER))
17.㏻ಙ☜ಖ≧ἣ(Communications Status(Public Safety and General Public))
18.⑓㝔ᶵ⬟≧ἣ(hospital Status)䡊䠍䠌 䠛ᦂ䜜䛜཰䜎䜎䛳䛶1᫬㛫䠖⮬ศ䛯䛱䛾Ᏻ඲☜ಖ → ᐙ᪘䚸఍♫䚸㏆㞄
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100᫬㛫
䠖ே࿨ᩆຓ
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10000᫬㛫 䠖᚟⯆άື→ඖ㏻䜚䛷䛿䛺䛟෌⏕䜈䛰䜜䛜䚸䛔䛴䜎䛷䛻䚸䛺䛻䜢䠛䛚䛔䝇䝛⏨䚸௒᪥䜎䛷䛻䚸䝷䝆䝁䞁䜒䛳䛶䛣䛔䛳䛶ゝ䛳䛯䜘䛺䟿

http://vashonbeprepared.org/Partners.aspx

Requirements for command and control• Thee ororganisation
rganisationn sshall hahaveave a command and control system which complies withrelevant legislation andd regulations
g
as well as with the requirements of this standard.

• The organizationgshallll considerr humann factorss in command and control.
• When multiple organizations are involved in the incident response the organization

shall immediately or as fast as possible
possib when the command and control system is set
up clearlyy determine the following:gۛ tthehe lines of command with other organizations,organiactors and involved parties(e.g. designation
gof an incident commander););ۛ a common understanding
g of the mission;
ۛ a common operationalppicture;p;ۛ relations to other organizationsg
not being
g within the line of command;;• A consensuss shshouldhbe sought on overall mission objectives among involved
organizations
gns.

• All of the above issues shall be considered duringg pplanningg and exercises.
• Structures and processes should permit operational decisions to be taken at thethlowest possible level,leand coordination and support offered from the highest
necessaryy level.
• Authority and resources shall be appropriate to this mission.

• The organization
gshall establish an operational information process which consists of:ۛpplanningg and direction;
ۛ collection;;ۛpprocessing
g and exploitation;pۛ analysis
y and pproduction;;ۛ dissemination and integration;gۛ evaluation and feedback.
• NOTE The activities can take place•
simultaneously.

Haruo HAYASHI
Disaster Prevention ResearchInstitute, Kyoto University
䐢Information Managementᡃ䚻䛿⿕⅏⪅䛷䛒䜚䛺䛜䜙䚸ᨭ᥼⪅䛷䛒䜚⥆䛡䛺䛡䜜䜀䛺䜙䛺䛔䛭䛧䛶ⓙ䛥䜣䛻䛿Ᏺ䜛ᐙ᪘䛜䛔䜛䛤㉁ၥ䛜䛤䛦䛔䜎䛧䛯䜙

VKLQ]L>DW@SRSRGQQHMS䈜㼇㼍㼠㼉䜢䠜䛻䛚䛝䛛䛘䛶䛟䛰䛥䛔䚹䜎䛷