Collective Flow and Correlation
with Higher Harmonic Event Plane
ShinIchi Esumi
Inst. of Physics, Univ. of Tsukuba

Higher Harmonics vn and ΦnMulti-particle Correlation with Φn
AMPT model simulation test

CPOD workshop in Wuhan, China, 10/Nov/2011

ShinIchi Esumi, Univ. of Tsukuba

1yv3 and initial fluctuation
Reaction Plane (x-z)

xx

arXiv:1003.0194

zyy

black-disk--> sign-flipping v3
initial fluctuation --> no-sign-flipping v3
CPOD workshop in Wuhan, China, 10/Nov/2011

ShinIchi Esumi, Univ. of Tsukubax2

Event Plane {Reaction Plane} determination in forward rapidity
tracking/PID arm dN/dη RXN

ITS

MPC
BBC

FMD
PID

ZDC
-5

0

5

TPC

V0

T0

ZDC

η

PHENIX

CPOD workshop in Wuhan, China, 10/Nov/2011

ALICE

ShinIchi Esumi, Univ. of Tsukuba

3

Indication of strong non-flipping and weak sign-flipping v3

A: RXN(η>0)
B: BBC(η<0)
C: MPC(η>0)
D: MPC(η<0)
E: BBC (η>0)
F: ZDC (+/{−})

200GeV Au+Au PHENIX Preliminary
CPOD workshop in Wuhan, China, 10/Nov/2011

ShinIchi Esumi, Univ. of Tsukuba

4

Centrality and pT dependences of vn at 200GeV Au+Au

v3 is comparable to v2 at 0~10%
weak centrality dependence on v3
v4{Φ4} ~ 2 x v4{Φ2}
CPOD workshop in Wuhan, China, 10/Nov/2011

charged particle vn : |η|<0.35
reaction plane Φn : |η|=1.0~2.8

All of these are consistent
with initial fluctuation.
ShinIchi Esumi, Univ. of Tsukuba

5Particle dependence of v3 shows
the similar mass-splitting andBaryon / Meson difference like v2.

How the initial geometricalanisotropy was transformed into
the final momentum anisotropy?
arXiv:1105.3928

QM11, PHENIX

ε2

ε3

ε4

QM11, ALICE

Npart.
v3 reflects the collective expansion.

CPOD workshop in Wuhan, China, 10/Nov/2011

ShinIchi Esumi, Univ. of Tsukuba

6

PRC82.034913

v3 breaks the degeneracy
arXiv:1105.3928
KLN
Gla.

Gla.

ε3

v2

ε2

KLN

v3 provides an additional
constraining power on the hydromodel parameters.
Glauber & 4πη/s=1 works better.

v3

CGC-KLN & 4πη/s=2 fails.

B. Alver et. al., Phys. Rev. C82, 034913(2010).
B. Schenke et. al., Phys. Rev. Lett. 106, 042301(2011).
H. Petersen et. al., Phys. Rev. C82, 041901(2010).

CPOD workshop in Wuhan, China, 10/Nov/2011

ShinIchi Esumi, Univ. of Tsukuba

7

Similar vn from 39GeV
up to 2.76TeV A+A

QM11, PHENIX

n=4charged particle vn
via 2-particle corr.

CPOD workshop in Wuhan, China, 10/Nov/2011

ShinIchi Esumi, Univ. of Tsukuba

8

Does v3 explain ridge and mach-cone?

e
g
d
Ri

Δφ(

r ad

)

Mach-ConeΔηridge : long range Δη correlation at near-side
cone : double peak/shoulder at away-side (long in Δη)v3 : initial fluctuation is common over wide range of η
CPOD workshop in Wuhan, China, 10/Nov/2011

ShinIchi Esumi, Univ. of Tsukuba

9The answer is YES with |Δη| gap.

The data are unchanged,
only the interpretations
are being changed.
This has also beenshown by various
experiments.
arXiv:1105.3865

J. Jia, QM11CPOD workshop in Wuhan, China, 10/Nov/2011

ShinIchi Esumi, Univ. of Tsukuba

10Not completely yet, without |Δη| gap.
QM11, PHENIX

v2 BG corrected

v2 ,v3 ,v4 BG corrected
PHENIX preliminary
200GeV Au+Au
0-20%, inc. γ-had.

T. Todoroki, WPCF2011, 21/Sep/2011

CPOD workshop in Wuhan, China, 10/Nov/2011

ShinIchi Esumi, Univ. of Tsukuba

11

Probe the transverse geometry and/or dynamics
with trigger angle selected 2-particle correlation
including the HBT correlation

thin side mach-cone(shoulder region)
φASSO-φTRIG>0

φJet , φTrig.
8

7
6
5
4

near side(triggerdirection)

3
2

1

φJet , φTrig.
8
7
6
5
4
3

φASSO-φTRIG<0away side(head region)2
1

ηJet , ηTrig.
thick side mach-cone(shoulder region)
φASSO-φTRIG<0

CPOD workshop in Wuhan, China, 10/Nov/2011

1

3
2

5
4

7
6

ShinIchi Esumi, Univ. of Tsukuba

812

Observed left/right asymmetry remains
after “the usual/normal” v3 subtraction.
Trigger angle
selection w.r.t.
Φ2 separately
for left(up) /right(down)

out-of-plane
trigger casein-planetrigger case
Trig.

Trigger angle
selected 2-part.
corr. data areplotted in polar
coordinate byrotating Φ2 R.P.
angle as X-axis.
Flow subtracted
yield is shown
radially with base
line.

Trig.

200GeV Au+Au -> h-h, 20-50%(pTTrig=2~4, pTAsso=1~2GeV/c)
v2,v4{Φ2} only subtraction
PHENIX preliminary

Φ2 R.P.

Φ2 R.P.

Trig.
Trig.

surface dominancepenetration dominanceTwo competing processes seen
CPOD workshop in Wuhan, China, 10/Nov/2011

ShinIchi Esumi, Univ. of Tsukuba

13

εfinalM. Lisa, WPCF2011

Geometrical source anisotropy
via HBT measurement
at the end of freeze-out

ε2{Φ2}

ε4{Φ2}

T. Niida, WPCF2011, 20/Sep/2011

CPOD workshop in Wuhan, China, 10/Nov/2011

The "ε2{Φ2} vs ε4{Φ2}" might be different from the"v2{Φ2} vs v4{Φ2}" relation, εn{Φn} is underway.
ShinIchi Esumi, Univ. of Tsukuba

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v2

v1{ΦR.P.}
v2{ΦR.P.}
v3{ΦR.P.}
v4{ΦR.P.}

v1

2ΔΦ2
3ΔΦ3
4ΔΦ4
4ΔΦ2

200GeV Au+Au

vn{Φm }

Res(n) = <cos nΔΦm>

vn{ΦR.P.}

AMPT (string melting) simulationv2{Φ2}
v3{Φ3}
v4{Φ4}
v4{Φ2}
2~4 GeV/c
1~2 GeV/c

v4

v3
ΦmA

ΦmB

η

vn+η/−η {Φm−η/+η } (Δη>3)~21% ~11% ~4% ~0%

CPOD workshop in Wuhan, China, 10/Nov/2011~21% ~11% ~4% ~0%

centrality
ShinIchi Esumi, Univ. of Tsukuba

15

out-of-plane(away from Φn)in-plane(closer to Φn)

AMPT (string melting) simulation
φTrig w.r.t. Φ1

φTrig w.r.t. Φ2Φ1

C2 (= Nreal/Nmix) in radiusΔφ (= φAsso - φTrig) in azimuth

CPOD workshop in Wuhan, China, 10/Nov/2011

200GeV Au+Au
0~4% centrality
pTTrig = 2~4GeV/cpTAsso = 1~2GeV/cφTrig w.r.t. Φ3

Φ2h-h Δφ = φAsso - φTrig
φTrig w.r.t. Φn{Opposite η from A/T}
no flow subtraction
magnified: (C2-1)x2+1

φTrig w.r.t. Φ4

Φ3

Φ4

open blue point : φTrig > Φnsolid red point : φTrig < Φnred/blue lines : φTrig direction
dashed black base line : C2=1
ShinIchi Esumi, Univ. of Tsukuba

16

AMPT (string melting)simulation

φTrig w.r.t. Φ2

φTrig w.r.t. Φ3

C2Ampt - C2Pure Flow : (black/red)

C2Pure Flow (green/blue)

C2Ampt (black/red)in-plane(closer to Φn)open red :φTrig > Φn ampt
blue point :pure flow sim.

4 5

solid black :φTrig < Φn ampt
green point :pure flow sim.

3 6

flow subtraction
red/black point :ampt - pure flow

2 7

pure flow simulation :v2 {Φ2}, v3{Φ3}, v4{Φ4},v5 {Φ5}, v4{Φ2}out-of-plane(away from Φn)
8200GeV Au+Au
11~21% centrality
h-h Δφ = φAsso - φTrig
φTrig w.r.t. ΦnpTTrig = 2~4GeV/cpTAsso = 1~2GeV/c

1 8

8

7
6

1

2

5
4
3

Δφ = φAsso - φTrig

CPOD workshop in Wuhan, China, 10/Nov/2011

7
6
5
4
3
2

1

ShinIchi Esumi, Univ. of Tsukuba

17Summary◆ Higher harmonic event anisotropy vn is consistent withinitial geometrical fluctuation, which seems to befollowed by collective expansion.
◆ vn measurement gives additional constraining poweron the hydro parameters: viscosity and initial condition.
◆ vn measurement provides a different way of explaining
the same experimental observation on ridge andmach-corn structure, which are long in η direction.
◆ There must be some remaining medium response fromthe hard-soft interplay.

CPOD workshop in Wuhan, China, 10/Nov/2011

ShinIchi Esumi, Univ. of Tsukuba

18

Backup slides

CPOD workshop in Wuhan, China, 10/Nov/2011

ShinIchi Esumi, Univ. of Tsukuba

19

|Δη| dependence of vn from LHC-ATLAS
arXiv:1107.1468

CPOD workshop in Wuhan, China, 10/Nov/2011

ShinIchi Esumi, Univ. of Tsukuba

20

|Δη| dependence of (vntrig. x vnasso.)with vn{C2 global fit}, which they call vn factorization in ATLAS

arXiv:1107.1468

CPOD workshop in Wuhan, China, 10/Nov/2011

ShinIchi Esumi, Univ. of Tsukuba

21

AMPT correlation test showssome remaining effects
without|Δη| gap

G-L. Ma, QM11CPOD workshop in Wuhan, China, 10/Nov/2011

ShinIchi Esumi, Univ. of Tsukuba

22

Flow subtracted 2-particle ΔΦ correlation with trigger angle selection in 200GeV Au+Au
out-of-plane

in-planeaverage

0-20%

20-50%

50-93%

200GeV Au+Au -> h-h (pTTrig=2~4GeV/c, pTAsso=1~2GeV/c)v2 (v4{Φ2})-only subtraction
PHENIX preliminary

CPOD workshop in Wuhan, China, 10/Nov/2011

ShinIchi Esumi, Univ. of Tsukuba

23

AMPT (string melting) simulation
φTrig w.r.t. Φ1

φTrig w.r.t. Φ2

φTrig w.r.t. Φ3

φTrig w.r.t. Φ4

C2 (= Nreal/Nmix) in radiusΔφ (= φAsso - φTrig) in azimuth

in-plane(closer to Φn)out-of-plane(away from Φn)

200GeV Au+Au
0~4% centrality
h-h Δφ = φAsso - φTrig
φTrig w.r.t. ΦnpTTrig = 2~4GeV/cpTAsso = 1~2GeV/cno flow subtraction

open blue point :φTrig > Φnsolid red point :φTrig < Φnred/blue lines :φTrig direction
dashed blackbase line :C2=1
Φ1

CPOD workshop in Wuhan, China, 10/Nov/2011

Φ2

Φ3

Φ4

ShinIchi Esumi, Univ. of Tsukuba

24

AMPT (string melting) simulation
Δφ w.r.t. Φ1

Δφ w.r.t. Φ2

Δφ w.r.t. Φ3

Δφ w.r.t. Φ4200GeV Au+Au
0~4% centrality
h-h Δφ = φAsso - φTrig
φTrig w.r.t. ΦnpTTrig = 2~4GeV/cpTAsso = 1~2GeV/cno flow subtraction

C2 = Nreal/Nmix

in-plane(closer to Φn)open red :φTrig > Φnsolid black :φTrig < Φnout-of-plane(away from Φn)

−π

0

π

Δφ = φAsso - φTrig

CPOD workshop in Wuhan, China, 10/Nov/2011

−π

0

π

ShinIchi Esumi, Univ. of Tsukuba

25

AMPT (string melting) simulation
Δφ w.r.t. Φ1

Δφ w.r.t. Φ2

Δφ w.r.t. Φ3

Δφ w.r.t. Φ4

C2 = Nreal/Nmix

in-plane(closer to Φn)200GeV Au+Au
0~4% centrality
h-h Δφ = φAsso - φTrig
φTrig w.r.t. ΦnpTTrig = 2~4GeV/cpTAsso = 1~2GeV/cflow subtraction
with v2{Φ2}, v3{Φ3},v4 {Φ4}, v4{Φ2}open red :φTrig > Φnsolid black :φTrig < Φnout-of-plane(away from Φn)

−π

0

π

Δφ = φAsso - φTrig

CPOD workshop in Wuhan, China, 10/Nov/2011

−π

0

π

ShinIchi Esumi, Univ. of Tsukuba

26

AMPT (string melting) simulation
Δφ w.r.t. Φ1

Δφ w.r.t. Φ2

Δφ w.r.t. Φ3

Δφ w.r.t. Φ4

C2 = Nreal/Nmix

in-plane(closer to Φn)200GeV Au+Au
0~4% centrality
h-h Δφ = φAsso - φTrig
φTrig w.r.t. ΦnpTTrig = 2~4GeV/cpTAsso = 1~2GeV/cflow subtraction
with v2{Φ2}, v3{Φ3},v4 {Φ4}, v4{Φ2} andv5 {Φ5}open red :φTrig > Φnsolid black :φTrig < Φnout-of-plane(away from Φn)

−π

0

π

Δφ = φAsso - φTrig

CPOD workshop in Wuhan, China, 10/Nov/2011

−π

0

π

ShinIchi Esumi, Univ. of Tsukuba

27

AMPT (string melting) simulation
Δφ w.r.t. Φ1

Δφ w.r.t. Φ2

Δφ w.r.t. Φ3

Δφ w.r.t. Φ4

C2 = Nreal/Nmix

in-plane(closer to Φn)200GeV Au+Au
0~4% centrality
h-h Δφ = φAsso - φTrig
φTrig w.r.t. Φnwith |Δη|>1
pTTrig = 2~4GeV/cpTAsso = 1~2GeV/cflow subtraction
with v2{Φ2}, v3{Φ3},v4 {Φ4}, v4{Φ2} andv5 {Φ5}open red :φTrig > Φnsolid black :φTrig < Φnout-of-plane(away from Φn)

−π

0

π

Δφ = φAsso - φTrig

CPOD workshop in Wuhan, China, 10/Nov/2011

−π

0

π

ShinIchi Esumi, Univ. of Tsukuba

28

AMPT (string melting) simulation
Δφ w.r.t. Φ1

Δφ w.r.t. Φ2

Δφ w.r.t. Φ3

Δφ w.r.t. Φ4200GeV Au+Au
11~21% centrality
h-h Δφ = φAsso - φTrig
φTrig w.r.t. ΦnpTTrig = 2~4GeV/cpTAsso = 1~2GeV/cno flow subtraction

C2 = Nreal/Nmix

in-plane(closer to Φn)open red :φTrig > Φnsolid black :φTrig < Φnout-of-plane(away from Φn)

−π

0

π

Δφ = φAsso - φTrig

CPOD workshop in Wuhan, China, 10/Nov/2011

−π

0

π

ShinIchi Esumi, Univ. of Tsukuba

29

AMPT (string melting) simulation
Δφ w.r.t. Φ1

Δφ w.r.t. Φ2

Δφ w.r.t. Φ3

Δφ w.r.t. Φ4

C2 = Nreal/Nmix

in-plane(closer to Φn)200GeV Au+Au
11~21% centrality
h-h Δφ = φAsso - φTrig
φTrig w.r.t. ΦnpTTrig = 2~4GeV/cpTAsso = 1~2GeV/cflow subtraction
with v2{Φ2}, v3{Φ3},v4 {Φ4}, v4{Φ2}open red :φTrig > Φnsolid black :φTrig < Φnout-of-plane(away from Φn)

−π

0

π

Δφ = φAsso - φTrig

CPOD workshop in Wuhan, China, 10/Nov/2011

−π

0

π

ShinIchi Esumi, Univ. of Tsukuba

30

AMPT (string melting) simulation
Δφ w.r.t. Φ1

Δφ w.r.t. Φ2

Δφ w.r.t. Φ3

Δφ w.r.t. Φ4

C2 = Nreal/Nmix

in-plane(closer to Φn)200GeV Au+Au
11~21% centrality
h-h Δφ = φAsso - φTrig
φTrig w.r.t. ΦnpTTrig = 2~4GeV/cpTAsso = 1~2GeV/cflow subtraction
with v2{Φ2}, v3{Φ3},v4 {Φ4}, v4{Φ2} andv5 {Φ5}open red :φTrig > Φnsolid black :φTrig < Φnout-of-plane(away from Φn)

−π

0

π

Δφ = φAsso - φTrig

CPOD workshop in Wuhan, China, 10/Nov/2011

−π

0

π

ShinIchi Esumi, Univ. of Tsukuba

31

AMPT (string melting) simulation
Δφ w.r.t. Φ1

Δφ w.r.t. Φ2

Δφ w.r.t. Φ3

Δφ w.r.t. Φ4

C2 = Nreal/Nmix

in-plane(closer to Φn)200GeV Au+Au
11~21% centrality
h-h Δφ = φAsso - φTrig
φTrig w.r.t. Φnwith |Δη|>1
pTTrig = 2~4GeV/cpTAsso = 1~2GeV/cflow subtraction
with v2{Φ2}, v3{Φ3},v4 {Φ4}, v4{Φ2} andv5 {Φ5}open red :φTrig > Φnsolid black :φTrig < Φnout-of-plane(away from Φn)

−π

0

π

Δφ = φAsso - φTrig

CPOD workshop in Wuhan, China, 10/Nov/2011

−π

0

π

ShinIchi Esumi, Univ. of Tsukuba

32

CPOD workshop in Wuhan, China, 10/Nov/2011

ShinIchi Esumi, Univ. of Tsukuba

33

Au+Au 20-60%, pTtrig=3-4 GeV/c, pTassoc=1-1.5 GeV/c, large |Δη|>0.7
P. Netrakanti, WPCF2011

ψ3 in-plane

1/NtrigdN/dΔφψ2 in-planeSTAR Preliminary

ψ2 out-planeΔφCPOD workshop in Wuhan, China, 10/Nov/2011

STAR Preliminary

ψ3 out-planeΔφShinIchi Esumi, Univ. of Tsukuba

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