September ２０, 2023

Basic writing style for journal references※Literature must be written in English.
１．Journal articles(1) Basic format
Author name ： Journal name， Volume number （Year of publication）， First page number （Language*1*2*3*4*5*6notation）． DOI beginning with https://*7*1 Author name: Provide initials for first and middle names. List all authors; the same applies to the otherreferences listed below.
*2 Use a colon (:) to separate the author name and journal name; the same applies to the other references
listed below.
*3 Journal name: Write the journal names with two or more words in italics using the abbreviation method
based on ISO 4 (do not abbreviate if there is only one word). Please refer to the journal abbreviation
example list.
*4 Volume number: Use the bold format.
*5 Page number: Write only the first page number ([article number] if the page number is not a volumeserial or issue serial page number).
*6 Language notation: Write only if the reference is not in English (the same applies to the other references
listed below).
*7 DOI: Write the reference URL of the DOI beginning with https:// (a period at the end is not necessary).
Notation examples
No.
Notes

Ex. 1

Notation examples
N. Masuko : Tetsu-to-Hagané, 77 (1991), 871 (in Japanese). https://doi.org/10.2355 /tetsutohagane
1955.77.7_871

Citing an article from ourInstitute

A. Laasraoui and J. J. Jonas: ISIJ Int., 31 (1991), 95. https://doi.org/10.2355/isijinternational.31.95
S. Suzuki and K. Suzuki: CAMP-ISIJ, 5 (1992), 1433 (in Japanese).
S. Yamasaki, M. Mitsuhara and H. Nakashima: Bull. Iron Steel Inst. Jpn., 24 (2019), 498 (inJapanese).

Citing an article whose
Ex. 2 language is other thanEnglishCiting an article when
only the page number is
Ex. 3 not provided but thearticle number(same appearance)

L.M. Lenev and I.A. Novokhatskii: Izv. Akad. Nauk. SSSR Met., 3 (1966), 73 (in Russian).
E. Mazanek and M. Wyderko: Stahl Eisen, 89 (1969), 863 (in German).
Y. Qi, D. Yan, J. Gao, J. Zhang and M. Li: Iron Steel, 46 (2011), No.3, 6 (in Chinese).

K. Konstantinou, F.C. Mocanu, J. Akola and S.R. Elliott: Acta Mater., 223 (2022), 117468.
https://doi.org/ 10.1016/ j.actamat.2021.117468（２）Rare formats (The number of listed items may increase depending on the journal’s specifications.)
Author name： Journal name， Volume number （Year of publication）， [Issue number]， First page number*8（Language notation）, ［Media display］． Alternative URL for DOI, （Access date）.
*9＊１０*8 Issue number： This is only required when the page number is for each issue, not when it is a volumeserial. Additionally, for supplements, write “Suppl.”*9 Media display： This is required when the reference to be cited is not on a paper-based medium anddoes not have a DOI or URL. Write the name of the medium, for example, CD-ROM.
*10 URL： If the reference does not have a DOI but has a URL that can identify bibliographic information,
include the access date because it is often not a permanent identifier.

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Notation examples
No.
Notes
Citing an article with
Ex. 4
the issue number
Citing an article with
Ex. 5 display on non-paper
media

Notation examples
C.H. Lin, S. Machida and H. Yoshinari: J. Soc. Nav. Archit. Jpn., 1993 (1993), No.174, 523 (inJapanese). https://doi.org/10.2534/jjasnaoe1968.1993.174_523
S. Suzuki and K. Suzuki: CAMP-ISIJ, 21 (2008), 111, CD-ROM (in Japanese).
[If there is a link to the bibliographic display]

J.S. Kirkaldy: Scand. J. Metall., 20 (1991), 50. http://pascal-francis.inist.fr/vibad/index.php?action=
Citing an article with no getRecord Detail&idt=19831825, (accessed 2022-06-14).
Ex. 6 DOI, but identifiable by[If there is only a PDF link]
URL
P. McMillan: Am. Mineral., 69 (1984), 622. http://www.minsocam.org/ammin/AM69/AM69_622.pdf,(accessed 2023-03-20).

２．Books (includes international conference proceedings in addition to books.)(1) Basic format
Author name ： Book title， Accompanying information， ［Editor name］， Publisher， ［Publisher location］，*1*2*3*4（Year of publication）， Page number （Language notation）． DOI or ISBN
*5*6*7*1 Book title: Unlike the case of journals, do not mention abbreviations. Roman type.
(In the case of a Japanese title with no official English title, describe Japanese title using Hepburnromanization (romaji) and English translation in parentheses should be included.)*2 Accompanying information: Separate the information such as the volume number, revised version, orinternational conference abbreviations in the case of international conference proceedings by commas.
*3 Editor name: Write the name of the editor preceded by “ed. by”. For multiple editors, “et al.” may beused. If the editor and publisher were the same, then list only the publisher.
*4 Publisher location: Not required if it is unknown.
*5 Page number: Write only the first page number (if book serial page numbering is absent, list it foridentifying the page).
*6 Language notation: Write only for non-English references.
*7 DOI or ISBN: Write the URL of the DOI starting with https://. List the ISBN of the book if the DOI isunavailable.
Notation examples
No.
Notes

Notation examples
J. Itami and K. Ushioda: Improvements in the Strength and Reliability of Steels, ISIJ, Tokyo, (1997),
98 (in Japanese).
[Handbook of Iron and Steel]Citing a book publishedEx. １
by our InstituteY. Ogawa: Handbook of Iron and Steel, 5th ed., Vol.1, ISIJ, Tokyo, (2014), 249 (in Japanese). ISBN9784930980809[Nishiyama Memorial Seminar Text]

S. Asai: 153rd and 154th Nishiyama Memorial Seminar, ISIJ, Tokyo, (1994), 89 (in Japanese).
[International conference proceedings]

Ex. 2

Citing a book with aJapanese title

N. Kosaka and Y. Funakawa: Proceedings of the 4th International Symposium on Steel Science 2014,ISSS 2014, ISIJ, Tokyo, (2014), 143.
J. Burke, trans. by K. Hirano and H. Hori: Kinzoku Sohentai Sokudoron Nyumon (The Kinetics ofPhase Transformations in Metals), Kyoritsu Shuppan, Tokyo, (1972), 47 (in Japanese).
[When there are page numbers for each chapter instead of book serial page numbers]

Citing a book with theEx. 3page number

Ex. 4

Citing a book with theeditor’s name

Citing a book with theDOI
Citing a book with theEx. 5ISBNK. Tsutsumi, J. Kubota, A. Hosokawa, S. Ueoka, I. Sumi, H. Nakano and A. Kuramoto: Proceedings ofthe 9th European Continuous Casting Conference, ECCC 2017, The Austrian Society for Metallurgy
and Materials, Leoben, (2017), Chapter 3, 265.
A.D. Rollet, U.F. Kocks, J.D. Embury, M.G. Stout and R.D. Doherty: Proceedings of 8th International
Conference on Strength Metals and Alloys, Vol.1, ICSMA 8, ed. by P. O. Kettunen et al., Pergamon
Press, New York, NY, (1989), 433. https://doi.org/10.1016/B978-0-08-034804-9.50065-6
W.C. Leslie: The Physical Metallurgy of Steels, McGraw-Hill, New York, NY, (1981), 621. ISBN9780070377806

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（２）Rare formats
１） When the name of the translator is known: Write “trans. by” followed by the translator’s name after theoriginal author’s name (see Ex. 2 on the previous table).
２） When the DOI, ISBN, or URL are not known and the reference is not published on a paper medium, list
the type of medium, such as CD-ROM (refer to Ex. 6 listed below).
３） When the page number is not known but the reference has an online version (e.g., proceedings), list theURL instead of the page number and include the access date (refer to Ex. 7 listed below).
４） Databases and software used should not be cited in the references but should be mentioned in thepaper. If they can be cited as references, it is recommended that the notations of Ex. 8 listed below
should be used (database or software name, version, provider name, provider location, (year ofpublication)).
Notation examples
No.
Notes
Citing a book with
Ex. 6 display on non-paper
media
Citing a book provided
Ex. 7 online (e.g.,proceedings)
Citing a database or
Ex. 8 software as areference

Notation examples
K. Tsutsumi, J. Kubota, A. Hosokawa, S. Ueoka, I. Sumi, H. Nkano and A. Kuramoto: Proceedings of
9th European Continuous Casting Conference, ECCC 2017, The Austrian Society for Metallurgy andMaterials, Leoben, (2017), 1032, CD-ROM.
H. Harada and M. Tanaka: Proceedings of 5th International Congress on CO2 Reduction in Steel
Industry, (2020). https://hal.archives-ouvertes.fr/hal-01334718, (accessed 2019-09-25).
TCS Steel and Fe-alloys Database, Ver.10.1, Thermo-Calc Software, Solna, Sweden, (2020).

３．Academic theses
Master’s theses are not accepted as references, but international master’s theses can be accepted as
references if they are open to the public, and their content can be confirmed by the general public.

<Basic format>
Author name： Type of thesis， Name of university， （Year of degree conferment）， Page number,（Language notation）． ［DOI or URL, (access date)］

Notation examples
Notation examples
Y. Kondo: Doctoral Thesis, Tokyo Institute of Technology, (1981), 17 (in Japanese).
K. Nakama: Ph.D. Thesis, Kyoto University, (2014), (in Japanese). https://doi.org/10.14989/doctor.k18276
Ex.

S. Sirakami: Ph.D. Thesis, Tokyo University of Agriculture and Technology, (2017), (in Japanese). http://hdl.handle.net/10636/00001447,(accessed 2020-04-06).
G. Krauss: Sc.D. Thesis, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, (1961). http://hdl.handle.net/1721.1/11317, (accessed 2020-12-07).

4．Standards<Basic format> ※Standards are written according to the following format.
Standard number： Year of enactment， Title of standard （Language notation）．

Notation examples
Notation example
JIS L 1902: 2008, Testing for antibacterial activity and efficacy on textile products (in Japanese).
Ex.

ISO 14404-1: 2013, Calculation method of carbon dioxide emission intensity from iron and steel production -- Part 1: Steel plant with blast
furnace.

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５．Websites
According to the Instructions to Authors, “URL citations that are judged to be continuous and of reliablepublic organizations/agencies are permitted only if documents are not officially published or are difficult toobtain. In such cases, provide the (title of the document), the (publication date), URL, (accessed date).”<Basic format>［Author name］ ： Website title，Website provider， ［“Name of report”］， ［(Report publication date)］，Acquired URL （Language notation），（Access date）．
Notation examples
No.
Notes
When the name of theEx. 1
author is known
When the name of theauthor is unknown
Ex. 2
When the website is inJapanese
When the acquired
citation is obtained fromthe download screen of
the cited report list
Ex. 3
(The name of the report on
the download screen is

Notation examples
T. Furuhara: President's Message, The Iron and Steel Institute of Japan, https://www.isij.or.jp/ about/index.html#message, (accessed 2023-06-02).
Life Cycle Thinking, The Japan Iron and Steel Federation, https://www.jisf.or.jp/business/lca/ lct/index.html (in Japanese), (accessed 2022-05-15).

White Paper, Ministry of the Environment, Government of Japan, “Annual Report on theEnvironment, the Sound Material-Cycle Society and Biodiversity in Japan 2018”, (June 5, 2018),
https://www.env.go.jp/ en/wpaper/index.html, (accessed 2019-07-22).

enclosed in “ ", after thewebsite provider.)When the URL of thereport itself is the source
Ex. 4 (Use the book writing styleinstead of the basic websiteformat.)

GHG Protocol Team and Steering Committee: Corporate Value Chain (Scope 3) Accounting andReporting Standard, World Resources Institute and WBCSD, (2011), https://ghgprotocol.org/
sites/default/files/standards /Corporate-Value-Chain-Accounting-Reporing-Standard_041613_2.
pdf, (accessed 2022-04-15).

６．Others
We introduce other various and easily mistaken notation examples.
Note that “manuscript in preparation,” “submitted,” “to be published,” “unpublished research,” “privatecommunication,” and similar notations are not permitted. Mention it in the text if you wish to cite it.
No.

Notes

Ex. 1

SAE Technical Papers(journal format)

Ex. 2

NIMS Creep Data Sheet(book format)

Notation example
K.Sato, Y.Tokita, M.Ono and A.Yoshitake: SAE Tech. Pap., (2003), 2003-01-0606.
https://doi.org/10.4271/2003-01-0606.
NIMS Creep Data Sheet No.48A, National Institute for Materials Science, Tsukuba, (2012).

D.J. Bacon and P.P. Groves: Fundamentals of Aspects of Dislocation Theory, NBS Special
Publication 317, Vol.1, ed. by J.A. Simmons, R. deWitt and R. Bullough, National Bureau ofFormer National Bureau ofStandards, Washington, DC, (1969), 35.
Ex. 3 Standards publications
M.C. Morris, H.F. McMurdie, E.H. Evans, B.Paretzkin, H.S. Parker, N.C. Panagiotopoulos and(book format)
C.R. Hubbard: Standard X-ray Diffraction Powder Patterns, NBS Monograph 25, Section 18,
National Bureau of Standards, Washington, DC, (1981), 61.
NIST-JANAF

Ex. 4 Thermochemical Tables(book format)
Patents
Ex. 5 *Patent citations are notrecommended

Accepted papers

Ex. 6 (when published without
volume or issue number)

M.W. Chase, Jr.: NIST-JANAF Thermochemical Tables, 4th ed., American Institute of Physics,
Woodbury, NY, (1998), 154.
G.A. Roberts, J.C. Hamanaker, Jr., and L. Pa: Alloy Steels, US Patent, US3117863, (1964).
[When DOI is available]
K. Nishio, R. Matsumoto, H. Utsunomiya, K. Hayashi, Y. Hidaka and M. Sugiyama: Tetsu-toHagané, (2023), (in Japanese). https://doi.org/10.2355/tetsutohagane.TETSU-2023-012[When DOI is unavailable]
K. Nishio, R. Matsumoto, H. Utsunomiya, K. Hayashi, Y. Hidaka and M. Sugiyama: Tetsu-toHagané, (2023), (in Japanese), in press.

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