25th Anniversary of Trilateral Cooperation:
Institutionalizing Collaboration and Promoting
Exchanges for a Brighter Future
Program Booklet

Tuesday, June 18, 2024

Four Seasons Hotel, Seoul

Organized by Trilateral Cooperation Secretariat (TCS)
Supported by The Chosun Ilbo, The Asahi Shimbun, People’s Daily

25th Anniversary of Trilateral Cooperation:
Institutionalizing Collaboration and Promoting
Exchanges for a Brighter Future
Program Booklet

Scan here for
the IFTC 2024
Official Website

Contents
Secretary-General’s Opening Remarks

7

Congratulatory Messages

11

Ministry of Foreign Affairs (MOFA)

12

2. Japan MOFA

14

1. ROK MOFA

12

3. China MOFA

16

Media Sponsors

18

2. The Asahi Shimbun

20

1. The Chosun Ilbo18

3. People’s Daily

22

IFTC 2024

25

Program26

Biographies and summaries

28

2. Session I.

35

1. Opening Session

28

Vision for a Shared Future: Lessons from the Past and the Road Forward

3. Session II.

45

Digital Nexus: In Search of Solution for Descending Mutual Perception in Trilateral
Cooperation

About IFTC and TCS

55

Floor Plan

61

IFTC is TCS’annual flagship event held on a rotational basis among China, Japan, and the Republic of Korea.
The order of the country list follows the rotational principle of the IFTC host country.

Secretary-General’sOpening Remarks

6

7

IFTC 2024 Opening Remarks
Excellencies,

At the recent Trilateral Summit, it was reaffirmed that the stable and long-term

Distinguished panelists,

development of cooperation lies in enhancing trust and friendship throughLadies and gentlemen,people-to-people exchanges and communication. The leaders agreed on several

On behalf of the Trilateral Cooperation Secretariat (TCS), I would like to extend
a warm welcome to all of you for joining the International Forum for Trilateral
Cooperation (IFTC) 2024. I express my heartfelt gratitude, especially to the
Ministries of Foreign Affairs of Korea, Japan, and China, for their unwavering
support in organizing this forum.

initiatives, including expanding the CAMPUS Asia student exchanges to 30,000,
designating next two years as the "Year of Cultural Exchange" with the goalof increasing the number of people-to-people exchanges among the three
countries to 40 million by 2030. Moreover, holding the Trilateral Summit on aregular basis and strengthening the capacity of the TCS will contribute to theinstitutionalization process, ensuring stable and continuous development ofThis year marks the significant milestone of the 25th anniversary of trilateral

LEE Hee-supcooperation among China, Japan, and Korea. Just three weeks ago, on May 27,

TCS Secretary-Generalof four years and five months. This summit paved the way for the restoration

the 9th Trilateral Summit Meeting was also held here in Seoul, after a hiatus

and normalization of trilateral cooperation and laid a foundation for a new leap

trilateral cooperation. Above all, it is most important that the three leaders haveagreed on actively promoting cooperation in areas that directly impact people's
daily lives, such as public health, aging society, digital transformation, disaster
relief and safety, climate change, economic cooperation and trade, and peopleto-people exchanges.

forward. In this context, I believe that this IFTC, held at such a crucial juncture, ismore meaningful and timely than ever before.

I believe that China, Japan, and Korea have the vision and capability to turncurrent challenges into opportunities for development. Trilateral cooperation

Despite enduring political challenges rooted in historical and territorial conflicts,
trilateral cooperation has achieved remarkable growth in various fields suchas economy, trade, culture, and people-to-people exchanges. However, thisquantitative progress has not necessarily led to an improvement in mutual
understanding, respect, and trust among the three countries. In fact, we

is a future-oriented collaboration based on present reality. The areas of
substantive cooperation, where people can enjoy the tangible benefits, should
be examined meticulously like peering through a microscope. On the other
hand, the future direction of cooperation should be viewed expansively, much
like gazing through a telescope into the distant horizon.

witnessed a paradoxical trend where distrust and animosity have grown, further
fueling conflicts. The mutual affinity and trust among the people have beensteadily declining, reaching a concerning level in recent years, with distrust
surpassing 20%. In light of this, I would like to recall a saying by Confucius:"Without trust, one cannot stand" (무신불립/無信不立/无信不立).

Trilateral cooperation is like an orchestra, where stakeholders such as thegovernments, citizens, media, and think tanks collaborate seamlessly tocreate a harmonious future. While embracing our differences, we must pursue
coexistence and harmony, continuously expanding our common denominator ofcooperation through mutual respect.

Recently, China, Japan, and Korea have been facing various global challenges
such as geopolitical tensions, protectionism, supply chain restructuring, climatechange, wars, and declining mutual trust. These challenges indicate thattrilateral cooperation is at a critical turning point.

With this in mind, I look forward to the wisdom and insights that our esteemed
guests and speakers from the three countries as well as from the rest of theworld will share today. I am confident that your valuable contributions will play apivotal role in shaping the direction of trilateral cooperation and advancing the

However, it is worth noting that trilateral cooperation emerged in 1999, in

ongoing development of East Asia and the global community.

response to the Asian Financial Crisis. By nature, it has evolved from efforts
to overcome crises and has continuously grown by turning challenges into

Thank you very much.

opportunities.

8

Secretary-General’s Opening Remarks

9Congratulatory Messages
Ministry of Foreign Affairs (MOFA)
1. ROK MOFA

2. Japan MOFA
3. China MOFAMedia Sponsors
1. The Chosun Ilbo

2. The Asahi Shimbun
3. People’s Daily

10

11

Ministry of Foreign Affairs (MOFA)ROK MOFA

12

Congratulatory Messages

13

Japan MOFA

14

Congratulatory Messages

15

China MOFA

(Translation)
Congratulatory Message
On behalf of the Chinese government, I would like to extend congratulations on
the opening of the International Forum for Trilateral Cooperation (IFTC) 2024.
China, Japan and the ROK are each other's important neighbors and cooperation
partners, and share extensive common interests. This year marks the 25th
anniversary of the trilateral cooperation. Over the past 25 years, the trilateral
cooperation has evolved into one of the most influential mechanisms for
multilateral cooperation in Asia, benefiting the people of the three countries andplaying a key role in promoting peace and prosperity in the region and beyond.
Thanks to our joint efforts, the ninth Trilateral Summit Meeting was successfully
held not long ago. The three countries agreed to deepen cooperation, which
provided stability and certainty needed by the international community in the
midst of turbulence and transformation. I hope that the three sides will work
together to deliver on the consensus reached at the Summit Meeting, and at thesame time, stay committed to the founding mission, set store by the well-being
and future of our peoples as well as long-term goals, keep to the right direction,and lead the trilateral cooperation onto a new journey with a stronger sense of
responsibility and new endeavors.
As a signature project of the Trilateral Cooperation Secretariat (TCS), the IFTC
plays a positive role in enhancing the influence of the trilateral cooperation
through pooling wisdom and strengths and promoting exchanges. I look forward
to in-depth discussions among the participants to provide intellectual support for
the long-term steady development of the trilateral cooperation.
I am confident that with the support of the three countries, the TCS will makeeven greater contributions to enhanced cooperation and lasting friendship among
China, Japan and the ROK.
I wish the IFTC 2024 a full success.
Wang Yi
Beijing, June 18, 2024

16

Congratulatory Messages

17Media Sponsors
Greetings! My name is BANG June-oh, and I am the CEO of The Chosun Ilbo.

01 | The Chosun Ilbo

It is both a great honor and pleasure to offer my congratulations on the opening of the International Forum for
Trilateral Cooperation (IFTC) today, which is all the more significant following the trilateral summit held at the end oflast month. I would like to thank Secretary-General LEE Hee-sup of the Trilateral Cooperation Secretariat and all those안녕하십니까. 조선일보 사장 방준오입니다.

who have worked hard to turn this event into a reality.
Distinguished guests, the beginning of trilateral cooperation between the Republic of Korea, China, and Japan dates지난달 말 한중일 3국 정상회의에 이어 오늘 한중일 3국 협력 국제포럼(IFTC)이 열리게 된

back to 1999. The breakfast meeting of President Kim Dae-jung of the Republic of Korea, Prime Minister Keizo Obuchi것을 기쁘게 생각합니다. 3국 협력사무국 이희섭 사무총장님을 비롯해 이 자리를 마련해주신

of Japan, and Premier Zhu Rongji of China while attending the ASEAN+3 Summit developed into a truly collaborative관계자 여러분께 감사의 인사를 전합니다.

partnership. Since then, the relations among our three countries have undergone many ups and downs due to both내외 귀빈 여러분, 한중일 3국 협력의 역사는 1999년으로 거슬러 올라 갑니다. 아세안 플러스

regional and global issues, from unresolved historical disputes to financial crises and the COVID-19 pandemic.

한중일 정상회의에 참석했던 김대중 대통령, 오부치 케이조 일본 총리, 주룽지 중국 총리가

Our three nations are currently facing new challenges that are expected to bring fundamental change to the조찬회동을 하면서 3국 협력이 태동했습니다. 그후 25년 간 한중일 관계는 많은 부침을international order.

겪었습니다. 과거사 갈등도 있었고, 세계 금융 위기와 코로나 팬데믹 같은 글로벌 차원의First and foremost, the rapid advancement of AI is driving a paradigm shift and reshaping the dynamics of도전도 있었습니다.

international competition. Cooperation among countries is critically needed to seek ways to develop AI in a mannerthat ensures humanity’s wellbeing without threatening its freedom.

지금 한중일 3국은 국제사회 질서의 근본적 변화를 가져올 수 있는 새로운 문제들에 직면해 있습니다.
우선 AI(인공지능)의 빠른 발전은 국가 간 경쟁의 판도를 뒤흔들고 있습니다. AI가 인류의 자유를 위협하지 않고 복지를 향상하는방향으로 발전할 수 있도록 국제사회 차원의 협력이 절실한 상황입니다.
유럽과 중동에서 벌어지고 있는 두 개의 전쟁은 한중일 3국을 포함한 전세계에 정세 불안과 공급망 경색이라는 고통을 안겨주고Furthermore, the ongoing wars in Europe and the Middle East are plaguing the entire world, including our three
countries, by aggravating political instability and disrupting global supply chains.
As such, I believe the theme of this year’s IFTC, “25th Anniversary of Trilateral Cooperation: Institutionalizing
Collaboration and Promoting Exchanges for a Brighter Future,” could not be more timely. Our three nations have the있습니다.

obligation to overcome our differences in viewpoints, protect the peace of the region, and achieve the co-prosperity그런 의미에서 ‘3국 협력 25주년: 협력의 제도화와 교류 증진을 통해 더 밝은 미래로’란 올해 포럼의 주제는 시의적절합니다. 한중일of humanity for a better future.

3국에게는 서로 간의 이견과 차이를 극복하고 지역의 평화를 수호해야 할 의무, 인류의 미래와 공동 번영을 생각해야 할 책무가This year, the Republic of Korea, China, and Japan held their trilateral summit in over four years and five months.

있기 때문입니다.

President Yoon Suk-yeol, Prime Minister Fumio Kishida, and Premier Li Qiang gathered together to discuss solutions마침 올해 한중일 3국은 4년 5개월여 만에 다시 한중일 정상회의를 열었습니다. 윤석열 대통령과 기시다 후미오 총리, 리창 총리가

to the pending issues of the region and international community.
With the resumption of the trilateral summit as momentum, the leaders, governments, and citizens of the Republic한 자리에 모여 지역과 국제사회의 주요 현안을 논의 했습니다.
3국 정상회의 재개를 계기로 한중일 지도자들과 정부, 국민이 서로 간의 간격을 좁히고 AI를 포함한 첨단 기술에 대한 공동 대응,공급망 안보 같은 인류 공통의 문제를 함께 고민해야 할 것입니다. 조선일보는 2011년 한중일 3국 협력사무국 출범 때부터of Korea, China, and Japan must join forces to narrow our differences and reflect on ways to jointly respond to thechallenges posed by cutting-edge technologies such as AI and supply chain disruptions. In this context, I take great
pride in The Chosun Ilbo’s continued contributions as a media partner to providing a valuable platform for trilateral중국 인민일보, 일본 아사히 신문과 함께 미디어 파트너로서 오늘과 같은 귀중한 대화의 장을 제공해왔다는 사실을 자랑스럽게

dialogue through IFTC in collaboration with The People’s Daily of China and The Asahi Shimbun of Japan since the생각합니다.

establishment of the Trilateral Cooperation Secretariat in 2011.

오늘 이 자리에 참석하신 석학과 전문가 여러분들이 3국 협력의 역사를 더욱 빛내 줄 지혜를 함께 나눌 수 있기를 기대합니다

I sincerely hope that the esteemed scholars and experts present here today will create yet another great milestone in
the history of cooperation among our three countries by sharing their knowledge and experience with us.
Thank you.

BANG June-oh
President182024년 6월 18일

The Chosun Ilbo조선일보 사장 방준오June 18, 2024

Congratulatory Messages

19

On the Occasion of the International Forum for Trilateral Cooperation 2024

02 | The Asahi Shimbun

It is my great pleasure to welcome you to the "International Forum for Trilateral Cooperation(IFTC) 2024" in Seoul, thecapital of the Republic of Korea. I would also like to reiterate my deep respect for the efforts and achievements of the「日中韓三国協力国際フォーラム２０２４」に寄せて

Trilateral Cooperation Secretariat (TCS), which has contributed to peace and stability in the East Asian region as well
as friendship and cooperation among our three countries for many years.
As globalization progresses, there are a growing number of global threats and challenges that the international

２０２４年６月１８日

朝日新聞社代表取締役社長 中村 史郎

community as a whole must address, such as poverty, conflicts, terrorism, suppression of human rights, infectious
diseases, environmental destruction, and global warming. However, Russia's military invasion of Ukraine has been
prolonged, and military clashes between Palestinian militants and Israel have claimed more than 30,000 lives, with nosigns of the conflict abating. In the new post-COVID era, the international community, including both developed andこのたび「日中韓三国協力国際フォーラム２０２４」が韓国の首都ソウルで開催されますことを、心からお喜び申し上げます。また、長年にわたり、東アジア地域の平和と安定、三国間の友好と協力に寄与されてきた日中韓三国協力事務局（TCS）のご尽力、ご功績に改めて深く敬意を表します。

developing countries, faces a number of pressing issues that must be addressed across borders. However, the worldis increasingly divided, and the framework of international order appears to be shaky.
Trilateral cooperation among Japan, China and the Republic of Korea began with a breakfast meeting of our leaders on
the occasion of the Association of Southeast Asian Nations Plus Three (ASEAN+3) Summit in 1999 and has continued

グローバル化が進むなかで、貧困や紛争、テロ、人権の抑圧、感染症、環境破壊、温暖化など、国際社会が全体で取りfor a quarter of a century since then. There are difficult political issues between our three countries, and various

チナの武装勢力とイスラエルの軍事衝突では３万人を超える人命が奪われ、なお紛争が収まる気配がありません。ポス

of each other among the citizens of each country. However, grassroots exchange continues. Younger generations, inに直面しているにもかかわらず、世界の分断は進み、国際秩序の枠組みが揺らいでいるよう映ります。

enjoy anime, movies, TV dramas, music, fashion, and more.

会合に始まり、以来、四半世紀になります。三国間には難しい政治課題もあり、また、各種の世論調査によると、それ

Collaboration and Promoting Exchanges for a Brighter Future". As people have begun to travel again after the COVIDの交流は続いています。とくに若い世代は、お互いへの先入観にとらわれず、言語や文化の壁を軽やかに越え、アニメ

Finally, I would like to conclude my congratulatory remarks by wishing for the continued development of the TCS and

組むべき地球規模の脅威や課題が広がっています。しかし、ロシアによるウクライナへの軍事侵攻は長期化し、パレス

public opinion polls indicate that there is much room for improvement in mutual understanding and our impressions

ト・コロナの新たな時代に向け、国際社会は先進国、途上国を問わず、国境を越えて取り組むべき数多くの喫緊の課題

particular, are free from preconceived notions of each other, and easily overcome language and cultural barriers to

日中韓三国の協力は、１９９９年の東南アジア諸国連合（ＡＳＥＡＮ）プラス３の首脳会議に際した日中韓首脳の朝食

During this forum, we will discuss the theme of "25th Anniversary of Trilateral Cooperation: Institutionalizing

ぞれの市民による相互理解やお互いが抱く印象について、改善の余地が大きいと言わざるを得ません。しかし、草の根

pandemic, I believe that this forum is more significant and timelier than ever.

や映画、ドラマ、音楽、ファッションなどを楽しんでいます。

the success of today's Forum. Thank you very much.

本フォーラムでは、「日中韓協力２５周年記念：より明るい未来を形作るための協力の制度化及び交流の促進」をテーマに議論がおこなわれると伺っています。コロナ禍を経て、人々の往来が戻り始めた今、本フォーラムの意義はこれまでにも増して大きく、時宜を得たものだと考えております。

最後になりましたが、日中韓三国協力事務局の益々のご発展と本フォーラムの成功を祈念して、私からの祝辞とさせていただきます。ありがとうございました。（了）

20

NAKAMURA Shiro
President and CEO
The Asahi Shimbun
June 18, 2024

Congratulatory Messages

21

Making Media Contributions to People-to-People Bonds

03 | People’s Daily

On behalf of People’s Daily, I would like to extend hearty congratulations on the opening of the 2024 International
Forum for Trilateral Cooperation, and sincere regards to the Trilateral Cooperation Secretariat for having long beencommitted to promoting trilateral cooperation in various fields.

发挥媒体作用 促进民心相通This year marks the 25th Anniversary of the trilateral cooperation. Over the past 25 years, the development of thetrilateral cooperation has proved that our cooperation is deeply founded and strongly demanded with great potential
and promising future. As a media partner of the International Forum for Trilateral Cooperation, People’s Daily will work值此2024年中日韩合作国际论坛召开之际，我谨代表人民日报社，向论

together with the Asahi Shimbun and Chosun Ilbo to build media consensus, strengthen mutual learning, play therole of the media, release positive reports on the pragmatic trilateral cooperation in various fields and make media坛的召开表示热烈的祝贺！向长期以来致力于推动中日韩三国各领域务实合

contributions to deepening cultural and people-to-people exchanges and strengthening people-to-people bonds.

作的中日韩合作秘书处表示崇高敬意！

I wish the 2024 International Forum for Trilateral Cooperation a full success!

今年正值中日韩合作启动二十五周年。中日韩合作发展历程表明，三国合作具有深厚基础、强劲需求、巨大潜力和广阔前景。作为中日韩合作国际

TUO ZhenPresident

论坛的媒体合作伙伴，人民日报社愿与朝日新闻社、朝鲜日报社一道，凝聚媒体共识，加强互学互鉴,发挥媒People’s Daily

体作用，积极报道三国各领域务实合作成果，为深化三国人文交流、促进民心相通贡献媒体力量。

June 18, 2024

预祝2024年中日韩合作国际论坛取得圆满成功！

人民日报社社长

2024年6月18日

22

Congratulatory Messages

23

IFTC 2024
Program

Biographies and summaries
1. Opening Session

2. Session I. Vision for a Shared Future: Lessons
from the Past and the Road Forward

3. Session II. Digital Nexus: In Search of Solution

for Descending Mutual Perception in Trilateral
Cooperation

24

25

Program
8:45-9:30

Registration

12:45-13:45

Opening Session
Opening

Session II.
Digital Nexus: In Search of Solution for Descending Mutual Perception in Trilateral

Remarks

 EE Hee-sup (이희섭), Secretary-General, TrilateralL
Cooperation Secretariat (TCS)

Congratulatory

KANG Insun (강인선), 2nd Vice Minister, Ministry of Foreign

Remarks

Affairs, ROKMIZUSHIMA Koichi (水嶋光一), Ambassador of Japan to
the Republic of Korea

 ING Haiming (邢海明), Ambassador of China to theX
Republic of Korea

9:30-10:35(65')

Luncheon

KeynoteKIM Sung-hwan (김성환), Chairman, East Asia Foundation;

Speeches

President, Taejae Future Consensus Institute (TFCI);

Cooperation
Moderator

Cooperation, Ministry of Foreign Affairs, ROK

14:00-15:40

Speakers(CCO), Nulunulu.inc

WANG Zhongyuan (王仲远), President, Beijing Academy of
Artificial Intelligence (BAAI)
Discussantthe ROK(UNESCAP), East and North-East Asia Office
Closing Session

WANG Fan (王帆), President, China Foreign Affairs

Break / photo session for VIPs

Ganbold Baasanjav, Head of Office, United Nations
Economic and Social Commission for Asia and the Pacific ITAOKA Shinichi (北岡伸一), Emeritus Professor, The
K
University of Tokyo

10:35-10:50

 HOI Eunmi (최은미), Research Fellow, the Asan InstituteC
for Policy Studies

YAMASHITA Tomohiro (山下智博), Chief Contents Officer(100')

Former Minister, Ministry of Foreign Affairs and Trade ofUniversity (CFAU)

SOHN Jie-Ae (손지애), Ambassador for Cultural

15:40-15:50

Closing
Remarks

 EE Hee-sup (이희섭), Secretary-General, TrilateralL
Cooperation Secretariat (TCS)

Session I.
Vision for a Shared Future: Lessons from the Past and the Road Forward
Moderator

LI Kaisheng (李开盛), Vice President, Shanghai Institutes
for International Studies (SIIS)

10:50-12:30

Speakers

JO Yanghyeon (조양현), Director, Center for JapaneseStudies, IFANS, KNDAMIYAKE Kunihiko (宫家邦彦), Special Advisor to the(100')

Cabinet of Prime Minister KishidaNING Fukui (宁赋魁), Former Chinese Ambassador to the
ROK
DiscussantPeter VAN DER VLIET, Ambassador of the Kingdom of theNetherlands to the Republic of Korea

26

IFTC 2024

27

Biographies and summaries
01 | Opening Session

Opening Remarks

Congratulatory Remarks

LEE Hee-sup

KANG Insun

Secretary-General, Trilateral Cooperation Secretariat (TCS)

2nd Vice Minister, Ministry of Foreign Affairs, ROK

Mr. LEE Hee-sup commenced his diplomatic career at the Ministry of Foreign Affairs, the Republic of Korea, in 1987.

H.E. KANG Insun has been serving as the 2nd Vice Minister of Foreign Affairs of the Republic of Korea since January

His career has spanned various positions, including serving as First Secretary at the Korean Embassy in Japan (1995),

2024. Prior to this esteemed role, she was the Spokesperson for President YOON Suk Yeol and previously held theCounsellor at the Korean Embassy in Bangladesh (1998), and a Visiting Fellow at the Royal Institute of International

position of Secretary to the President for International Public Relations.

Affairs in the UK (2004). He has held significant roles such as Assistant Secretary at the National Security Council(2005), Director of Northeast Asia Division at MOFAT (2006), Minister-Counsellor in Australia (2007), and Ministerat the Korean Embassy in Indonesia (2011). He has also served as strategic positions such as Deputy Secretary for
Foreign Affairs at the Office of the President, ROK (2012), and later held Deputy Secretary for Policy Coordination
at the Office of National Security (2013). In 2014, he was reassigned as a Minister at the Korean Embassy to Japan

Before her transition into public service, Vice Minister KANG had an illustrious career in journalism. She joined the
Chosun Ilbo in 1990, where she excelled in various key roles including Editor of the World News Desk, Member ofthe Editorial Board, and Deputy Managing Editor for Digital Contents and Diplomacy. Her assignments included twotenures in the Washington D.C. Bureau, first as a correspondent from 2001 to 2006 and later as Bureau Chief from2016 to 2021. Additionally, she served as a war correspondent during the Iraq War in 2003.

and later took the helm as Director-General for Global Education and Cooperation at National Human Resources
Development Institute, Ministry of Personnel Management (2019).

Vice Minister KANG completed a Mid-Career Master in Public Administration at the Harvard Kennedy School in 2000
and holds both an M.A. (1990) and a B.A. (1987) in International Relations from Seoul National University.

Prior to his current role as Secretary-General of the Trilateral Cooperation Secretariat, he served as Consul-General at
the Korean Consulate-General in Fukuoka, Japan (2020).
Mr. LEE completed his Bachelor of Arts in Political Science and International Studies at Yonsei University, Seoul, in
1985.

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01 | Opening Session

Congratulatory Remarks

Congratulatory Remarks

MIZUSHIMA Koichi

XING Haiming

Ambassador of Japan to the Republic of Korea

Ambassador of China to the Republic of Korea

Amb. MIZUSHIMA Koichi, born on June 2, 1961, is a distinguished diplomat from Japan. He graduated from theAmb. XING Haiming was appointed as the Ambassador Extraordinary and Plenipotentiary of the People’s Republic ofUniversity of Tokyo with a degree in Law in 1985 and immediately embarked on a career with the Ministry of Foreign

China to the Republic of Korea since 2020. He previously served as the Ambassador of China to Mongolia from 2015 to

Affairs. Over the years, he has held several key positions including First Secretary and Counsellor at the Japanese

2019. Commencing his career as a professional diplomat in 1986, he has been holding various postings in Department

Embassy in the United States, Counsellor at the Japanese Embassy in Ghana, and Director of multiple divisions suchof Asian Affairs in Chinese Foreign Ministry, oversea Chinese missions in the Republic of Korea, the Democratic

as the OECD Division and the Second North America Division.

People’s Republic of Korea and Mongolia. His key postings also include Deputy Director-General of Department of
Asian Affairs in Chinese Foreign Ministry (2011-2015), Minister Counselor of Chinese Embassy in the Republic of

His expertise in diplomacy was further recognized with roles like Deputy Press Secretary and Deputy Director-Generalfor Press and Public Diplomacy, and Deputy Director-General for the Foreign Policy Bureau and Consular Affairs

Korea (2008-2011), and Minister Counselor of Chinese Embassy in the Democratic People’s Republic of Korea (20062008).

Bureau. Amb. MIZUSHIMA also served in significant capacities at the Japanese embassies in Korea and Israel. In 2021,
he was appointed Ambassador to Israel, and in April 2024, he assumed the position of Ambassador to the Republic ofKorea, continuing his dedicated service in advancing diplomatic relations between the two countries.

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01 | Opening Session

Keynote Speeches

Keynote Speeches

KIM Sung-hwan
Chairman, East Asia Foundation
President, Taejae Future Consensus Institute (TFCI)KITAOKA Shinichi

Former Minister, Ministry of Foreign Affairs and Trade of the ROK

Emeritus Professor, The University of Tokyo

H.E. KIM Sung-Hwan was a career diplomat and served as the Minister of Foreign Affairs and Trade of the Republic ofProf. KITAOKA Shinichi is Emeritus Professor of the University of Tokyo and Rikkyo University and currently serves as

Korea from October 2010 to March 2013.

Special Advisor to the President of the Japan International Cooperation Agency (JICA). Dr. Kitaoka's career includes

With a career spanning over 36 years, he held a number of senior diplomatic posts including the Senior Secretary
to the President for Foreign Affairs and National Security and Vice Minister of MOFAT. He was ROK's ambassador toAustria and Permanent Representative to the International Organizations in Vienna and the ROK's Ambassador to
Uzbekistan.

President of JICA (2015-2022), President of International University of Japan (2012-2015), Professor at the National
Graduate Institute for Policy Studies (GRIPS) (2012-present), Professor at the Graduate Schools for Law and Politics of
the University of Tokyo (1999-2004, 2006-2012), Ambassador Extraordinary and Plenipotentiary, Deputy Permanent
Representative of Japan to the United Nations (2004-2006), and Professor at the College of Law and Politics of Rikkyo
University (1985-1997). Dr. Kitaoka's specialty is modern Japanese politics and diplomacy. He obtained his BA (1971)

He was appointed as a Member of the UN Secretary-General’s High-Level Panel of Eminent Persons on the Post-2015
Development Agenda in July 2010.

and his PhD (1976) both from the University of Tokyo. He has published numerous books and articles in Japaneseand English. His major books (in English) are as follows: Self-Respect and Independence of Mind: The Challenge of

After retiring from the Foreign Service, he served as the Chair of Institute for Global Social Responsibility andFukuzawa Yukichi (Japan Publishing Industry Foundation for Culture (JPIC), 2017), The Political History of Modern

Distinguished Visiting Professor at the Seoul National University until March 2015. He also taught at Hanyang

Japan: Foreign Relations and Domestic Politics (Routledge, 2018), From Party Politics to Militarism in Japan, 1924–

University as a Distinguished Professor and served as the Chairman of the Gangwon Art and Culture Foundation.

1941 (Lynne Rienner Publishers in association with JPIC, 2021), GOTŌ SHINPEI, Statesman of Vision: Research, Public

He is now the Chairman of the East Asia Foundation in Seoul and President of the Taejae Future Consensus InstituteHealth, and Development (JPIC, 2021). He received many honors and awards including the Medal with Purple Ribbon(TFCI).

for his academic achievements in 2011.

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Session I.

01 | Opening Session

Keynote Speeches

Vision for a Shared Future: Lessons from the Past and the Road
ForwardModerator

WANG Fan
President, China Foreign Affairs University (CFAU)

LI Kaisheng
Prof. WANG Fan works as a Professor and Ph.D. Supervisor of CFAU. He won the Beijing Outstanding Teachers Award

Vice President, Shanghai Institutes for International Studies (SIIS)

in Higher Education in 2009, and is appointed as Distinguished Professor of “First Class” discipline construction.
Meanwhile, Professor WANG is Executive Vice President of the Chinese Society of International Relations (National
First-class Society), Vice President of the Chinese Association of American Studies (National First-class Society)， andProf. LI Kaisheng is a Senior Fellow and Vice-President of SIIS, Vice-Chairman of the Shanghai

has been granted Special Allowance from the State Council. He is also the Chief Expert of the Central Marxist Theory

Association for American Studies. His areas of expertise include: Chinese foreign strategy, East Asian

Project.

security, Belt and Road Initiative, nontraditional security, and international relations theories. Prof. Li

He received B.A. from Peking University, Master of Laws from University of International Relations, and Ph.D. fromreceived his doctoral degree in International Relations from Graduate School of the Chinese Academy ofChina Foreign Affairs University. He completed postdoctoral studies in World History at Capital Normal University. He

Social Science (GACASS) in 2008. He worked in a state-owned enterprise in his early years and served

was assigned abroad working as a diplomat in Chinese Embassy in the UK.

later in Xiangtan University and the Shanghai Academy of Social Sciences (SASS). In SASS, he was

His research areas mainly include Sino-US relations, China’s diplomacy, international security and major power
security strategy. His representative works are Starting Point: Complex Systems Approach and China’s Diplomatic
Strategy, Great Power Rivalry: the Strategic Logic of Great Power Gambling, China’s Diplomacy, America’s Alliance in
the Asia-Pacific Region, Great Changes: China’s Diplomatic Strategic Choice. Professor WANG edited more than 10
works including An Introduction to International Security. He has directed various research projects including National

appointed successively as the Deputy Director of Think Tank Coordination Office, Deputy Director of
Institute of International Relations, and Director of Organization Department. He has published several
monographs, such as: Identity, National Rejuvenation and China’s Foreign Strategy (2011), Human, Stateand Security Governance (2012), and Third Parties and Conflict Management in East Asia (2018). He has
also published dozens of research articles and a large number of commentaries.

Key Social Science Project, Major Social Science Project, Major Projects of the Ministry of Education of China andBeijing Municipal Level Research Projects.

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Presentation Summary

02 | Session I.

Suggestions for further advancement in KoreaChina-Japan cooperation: Lessons from 25 years of Trilateral cooperation
SpeakerOver the past 25 years, Korea-China-Japan cooperation has shown progress in institutionalization
centered on the trilateral summit and Trilateral Cooperation Secretariat, but has not reached a stablesettlement. Even though the three countries agreed to hold the summit on a regular basis since thefirst agreement to hold it alone and to make it regular in 2008, it has not been able to overcome distrust
due to historical and territorial conflicts, great power politics, and competition for hegemony, and it has

JO Yanghyeonremained irregularly held. This contrasts with the case of ASEAN, which has established annual summit

Director, Center for Japanese Studies, IFANS, KNDA

For the stable development of Korea-China-Japan cooperation, it is important to establish the annual

meetings for more than half a century.
holding of the trilateral summit. Measures to alleviate conflict between the three countries included
declaring a moratorium on historical and territorial conflicts and a separate approach between politicaland diplomatic issues and substantive cooperation issues, but these were not realistic based on

Dr. JO Yanghyeon is a Professor at the Department of Asian and Pacific Studies, and the Director of the Center forpast experience. Therefore, as seen in the case of ASEAN, we must find a way to make the trilateralJapanese Studies, Institute of Foreign Affairs and National Security (IFANS), Korea National Diplomatic Academy. He

summits regular, assuming the existence of bilateral conflict issues. To achieve this, priority must be

received his BA from Seoul National University, and MA and PhD from the University of Tokyo. He was an academic
Associate of the Program on US-Japan Relations, Weatherhead Center for International Affairs, Harvard University

given to creating a consensus that cooperation at the regional level will be maintained even if there areconflicting issues between the two countries, and efforts to maintain that consensus. We must confirm
the continuity of the three governments' policies on trilateral cooperation and continue to express ourin 2011, and a visiting fellow of the East Asian Institute, National University of Singapore in 2018. His research fieldstrong will to maintain the institutional framework of the trilateral summit. One solution is to specify the

includes Japanese foreign policy, international relations and diplomatic history of Asia Pacific. His major publication istiming of the summit as “held in the first half of every year” in an official document (ex. joint statement).

Asian Regionalism and U.S. Asian Policy: International Relations in the Asia-Pacific during the Vietnam War (Universityof Tokyo Press, 2009), which won Masayoshi Ohira Memorial Prize in 2010.

This is because the possibility of holding a conference can be increased by focusing on holding it in thefirst half of the year, avoiding the second half when various international conferences are crowded.
Next, there is a need to strengthen the functions and authority of the Trilateral Cooperation Secretariat.
The role of the ASEAN Secretariat was important in helping Southeast Asian countries with various
conflicting issues maintain and strengthen regional cooperation through the regional organization called
ASEAN. Although TCS was launched in 2011, its role is limited and its identity is ambiguous comparedto the ASEAN Secretariat. In order for TCS to develop into an international organization in name andreality, it needs to expand its autonomy and discretion in terms of budget, personnel, and authority
to function as a control tower for trilateral cooperation like the ASEAN Secretariat. To this end, there
is a need to actively introduce bold and practical measures including △securing financial stability bycreating the Trilateral Cooperation Fund (TCF), △extending the term of office of the Secretariat Board of
Directors from the current 2 years to 3 years, △participation of the Secretariat in various consultative
bodies between the governments of the three countries, and attendance of TCS as an observer at APEC
meetings, etc.

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Presentation Summary

02 | Session I.

Three Proposals for TCS’s Continuity and Innovation
by Kuni Miyake
Speaker

The opening ceremony of the Trilateral Cooperation Secretariat was held on September 27, 2011. At
the ceremony held in Seoul, the first Secretary General of the TCS proudly said, “I hope that the Trilateral
Cooperation Secretariat will grow into a powerful international organization like the European Union (EU) andthe Association of Southeast Asian Nations (ASEAN).” In the 13 years since then, I would like to pay highest
tribute to the Secretariat for the way it has planned and implemented various projects, sometimes patiently,

MIYAKE Kunihiko
Special Advisor to the Cabinet of Prime Minister Kishidasometimes boldly, overcoming many difficulties.
There are three important things for an international organization of this kind. The first is to continue toexist anyway, i.e., continuity in the narrow sense. The main purpose of the continuity of this organization is toestablish a confidence-building mechanism among the three countries, and I believe that this purpose has been
well served.

Prof. MIYAKE Kunihiko is Special Advisor to the Cabinet (Prime Ministers KISHIDA Fumio and SUGA Yoshihide),

The second and greatest challenge is constancy or continuity in the broad sense, that is, the continuation of
our activities from year to year without interruption. The biggest obstacle is that issues are often politicized,

President of the Foreign Policy Institute, a private think-tank in Tokyo, Research Director for foreign and National

regional conflicts are brought into play, and yet, because of the emphasis on consensus, similar less sensitive

Security Affairs at Canon Institute for Global Studies and Visiting Professor at Ritsumeikan University. In 2006-7, heissues are repeated on the agenda year after year.

was Executive Assistant to Mrs. ABE Akie in the Office of the Prime Minister of Japan.

In a joint press release on March 21, 2015, for example, the foreign ministers of the three countries welcomed

Prof. MIYAKE passed the Foreign Service Officer's (senior class) Exam in 1977 and joined the Ministry of Foreign

the ministerial meetings held over the previous two years in various areas, including environment, culture, publichealth, finance, transportation and distribution, auditing, disaster management, earthquake preparedness andAffairs (MOFA) in 1978. From 1978-2005, he served in many capacities at MOFA. Most recently, his positions havepatents in addition to such issues as trade, investment and economic relations among the three countries andincluded: Deputy Director-General of the Middle East Bureau, MOFA; Minister at the Embassy of Japan in Iraq andnegotiations for a possible tripartite FTA. It is not surprising that the agenda for the Trilateral Summit held here

Japan's Representative to the CPA; Charge d'Affaires at the Embassy of Japan in Iraq, Minister at the Embassy ofin May had a similar agenda including (1) human exchange: (2) sustainable development and climate change: (3)economic cooperation and trade: (4) public health and aging: (5) science and technology cooperation and digital

Japan in China; and Directors of Japan-US. Security Treaty Division, First Middle East Division and Second Middle Easttransition: (6) disaster prevention and safety. The list goes on……

Division in MOFA. He graduated from the Law Faculty of the University of Tokyo.

Thus, the second point, while seemingly contradictory to the first, is actually two sides of the same coin.
Finally, the third point must be innovation: the number “three” or a triangle is an extremely stable number,but it is often inwardly closed and not easily expanded outwardly. While maintaining the basic framework ofcooperation among the three countries, and if we really want to make the Tripartite Cooperation like ASEAN or
EU, it is time for us to invite new guests from neighboring countries every year and explore new possibilities for
new areas of cooperation with them. In this sense, the ideas of “3+1” and “3+X” could be a good starter and the“3 + Mongolia” idea on sand storms could be a breakthrough.
Whether or not we can pursue new innovations while maintaining continuity will determine the future of thisunique international organization.

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Presentation Summary

02 | Session I.

The Trilateral cooperation among China, Japan, and the ROK has been developing for 25 years. Looking

Speakerback on the past, the year that impressed me most was 2008. In that year, the first Trilateral Summit
Meeting was held in Fukuoka, Japan. The meeting issued the "Joint Statement on the TrilateralPartnership", which clarified the positioning of the Trilateral partnership and determined the direction
and principles of the trilateral cooperation. It was also in that year that I was serving as the Chinese
ambassador to the ROK, promoting the upgrading of China-ROK relations to a strategic partnership,
which laid a solid foundation for deepening trilateral cooperation.

NING Fukui
Former Chinese Ambassador to the ROK

The Trilateral Cooperation Secretariat (TCS) is an important intergovernmental international organizationin Northeast Asia. While supporting the trilateral consultative mechanisms in various fields, it also holdsa large number of exchange activities each year, playing an important role in promoting exchanges andcooperation in various fields among the three countries. The TCS can mobilize more social resources
to participate in trilateral cooperation and play a more active role in promoting economic and tradeAmb. NING Fukui was born in 1955. He graduated from the Department of Korean Language and Literature at Kim
Il Sung University in the Democratic People's Republic of Korea (DPRK). He joined the Chinese Ministry of Foreign
Affairs (MFA) in 1976 and was in charge of Korean Peninsula affairs for a long time. During the period, he worked at

exchanges, scientific and technological innovation cooperation, cultural exchanges and people-to-people
friendship among the three countries.
The "Joint Declaration of the Ninth ROK-Japan-China Trilateral Summit Meeting" determined the
direction of cooperation in the "six key areas". The three parties reached many consensuses in the fields

the Chinese Embassy in the DPRK twice. He served as Director of the Department of Asian Affairs, Counselor of theof CJK FTA negotiations, supply chain, scientific and technological innovation and digital transformation,

Chinese Embassy in the DPRK, Deputy Director General of the Department of Asian Affairs (in charge of Northeast

sustainable development, etc., and designated 2025-2026 as the China-Japan-ROK Cultural Exchange

Asian affairs), Chinese Ambassador to Cambodia, Ambassador for Korean Peninsula Affairs of the MFA (he served

Year, striving to increase the scale of personnel exchanges among the three countries to 40 million by

as Deputy Head of the Chinese Delegation and Head of the Working Group of the Six-Party Talks during the period),

2030. The TCS can take the implementation of the Joint Declaration as an opportunity to promote thefull restart of 21 ministerial meetings and more than 70 intergovernmental consultation mechanisms

Chinese Ambassador to the Republic of Korea (ROK), Director General of the Department of Boundary and Oceanand explore the establishment of new cooperation mechanisms to help institutionalize cooperation

Affairs of the MFA, and Chinese Ambassador to Thailand. He retired in 2017. From 2018 to 2019, he served as Deputy

among the three countries.

Representative for Korean Peninsula Affairs of the MFA.

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Presentation Summary

02 | Session I.

This contribution will outline three similarities between the EU and East-Asia, and three differences.

DiscussantA first similarity between the EU and East Asia is that both regions have a long history, that
unfortunately is not always a pleasant one. In that sense, we can relate historical to the sensitivities thatare involved in Chinese-Japanese-Korean diplomacy..
A key difference is that in Europe, the formation of the European Union is the direct result of the twoworld wars.

Peter VAN DER VLIET
Ambassador of the Kingdom of the Netherlands to the Republic of Korea

The second similarity between the EU and the TCS is the important role of economic and people-topeople cooperation. Its benefits to the citizens of Europe, in terms of economic prosperity, security andfree movement, have fuelled the EU’s continued development.
A related key difference, however, is that in the story of EU integration, strategic interests and politics
have always been part of the mix.

Amb. Peter VAN DER VLIET commenced his diplomatic career at the Ministry of Foreign Affairs (MOFA), the Kingdom

The third similarity is the importance of institutionalization. The EU proves that to promote integration,of Netherlands, in 1990. His career has spanned various positions, including serving as First Secretary at thecommon institutions are indeed of key importance.

Netherlands Embassy in India (1997), Deputy Head of Mission at the Netherlands Embassy in Jordan (2001), and

But the institutions of the EU have developed over several decades, and are treaty-based. Its member

Head, Division for Political and Legal UN Affairs at the MOFA (2005). He has held significant roles such as Deputy

states have willingly transferred part of their sovereignty to the EU, for their common good. That also

Director, United Nations and International Financial Institutions Department at the MOFA (2008), Head of Department,
Humanitarian Affairs and Human Rights at the Permanent Mission of the Netherlands to the UN (2010), Deputymeans that the EU must be a legal union.
From the above, we can highlight some relevant takeaways for East-Asian cooperation:

Permanent Representative and Head of Development, Humanitarian Affairs and Human Rights at the PermanentFirst, institutionalization is key.

Mission of the Netherlands to the UN (2011), and Director, Multilateral Organizations and Human Rights Department

Second, integration must yield real benefits for the people of the countries involved, including academicof the MOFA(2015).

exchanges, free trade, scientific and technological cooperation, or cultural exchanges.
Third, in addition to the aforementioned topics, you have to find a way to also discuss more sensitive or

Prior to his current role as Ambassador to the ROK, he served as Ambassador to Japan for four years (2019-2023).

political issues.

Amb. VAN DER VLIET completed his Bachelor in Political Science / International relations at Erasmus University,
Rotterdam, in 1988.

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Session II.
Digital Nexus: In Search of Solution for Descending Mutual Perceptionin Trilateral Cooperation

Moderator

SOHN Jie-Ae
Ambassador for Cultural Cooperation, Ministry of Foreign Affairs, ROK

Amb. SOHN Jie-Ae is Korea’s Ambassador for Cultural Cooperation and an invited professor at theGraduate School of International Studies at Ewha Womans University. She also hosts a weekly talk show,“The Globalists” on Korea’s only English-language TV and Radio channel, Arirang TV.
Amb. SOHN comes from a journalism background, having spent 15 years from 1995 to 2010 as Seoul
bureau chief and correspondent for CNN. She then joined the South Korean government, serving as
the spokesperson of the Presidential Committee for the Seoul G20 Summit in 2010 and then as the
Presidential Secretary of the Office of Overseas Public Relations. She was also the President/CEO of
Arirang TV and Radio from 2011 to 2014. Amb. Sohn is married with three daughters.

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Presentation Summary

03 | Session II.

Digital literacy: A Necessity in the Digital
Transformation Era for Building Mutual Understanding
Speaker

We have entered an era where information is readily accessible, thanks to the advancements in internet
technology, media, and the proliferation of digital devices, which have accelerated the process of digitaltransformation. This newfound accessibility allows people to transcend the constraints of time andspace, facilitating direct or indirect engagement with various fields. While this brings about convenience,
speed, and efficiency, it also brings challenges such as accuracy, reliability, bias, and conformity

CHOI Eunmi
Research Fellow, Asan Institute for Policy Studies

with peer groups. Additionally, we must address the issue of information inequality stemming fromdifferences in digital access and adaptation, often referred to as the 'rich get richer, poor get poorer'
phenomenon. The varying levels of information acquisition and utilization among digitally vulnerable or
marginalized groups based on factors like income, education, location, and age give rise to new social
issues. While we may achieve 'efficiency,' it does not necessarily translate to 'effectiveness.' Instances ofsuch challenges are not limited to traditional internet platforms like articles, blogs, YouTube, and social

Dr. CHOI Eunmi received her B.A. from Hankuk University of Foreign Studies, M.A. and Ph.D. in Political Science from
Korea University. Before joining AIPS, Dr. CHOI has worked as a research professor of the Center for Japanese Studies

media but are also evident in recent notable examples such as 'generative AI.'The same trend is apparent in perceptions of other countries as well. Through various digital media
channels, we can access a wealth of knowledge and experiences about different countries without

at the Institute of Foreign Affairs and National Security (IFANS) of Korea National Diplomatic Academy (KNDA), a

the need for physical travel. However, the challenge arises from the reduction or absence of direct

visiting researcher at University of Michigan in United States, Waseda University in Japan and the Sejong Institute,communication and exchange in this process, which can lead to misunderstandings and exposureand a researcher at Ministry of Foreign Affairs of ROK. She served as an external member of the Korea-Japan
Relations T/F of the Presidential Policy Planning Commission (2021), a member of South Korean government’s the
Public-Private Consultative Body to find breakthrough in resolving of the Forced Labor Issues between Korea andto misinformation, thereby negatively impacting rational thinking and mutual understanding.
Additionally, even with limited information, digital media can exacerbate biases and encourage
negative peer conformity. When examining international relations, negative perceptions of othercountries often provoke strong reactions, particularly when bilateral relations are strained. For
example, following Japan's imposition of export restrictions on South Korea in 2019, significant anti-

Japan (2022). Dr. Choi currently serves as a policy advisor to the National Security Council (Office of the President),

Japanese demonstrations erupted in South Korea. During this period, the 'No Japan' movement gained

the Ministry of Foreign Affairs, the Ministry of National Defense, the Peaceful Unification Advisory Council. She also

momentum, even among the younger generation. This phenomenon was driven less by patriotism,lectures at Yonsei University’s Graduate School of International Studies, Korea University’s Graduate School of Policy

nationalism, or pragmatism and more by a form of peer conformity resembling a 'play,' disseminatedthrough social media platforms like Instagram and Facebook. In contrast to 2019, when activities

Studies, and Hankuk University of Foreign Studies as a visiting professor. Her main area of research interest is Korea-

related to Japan, such as travel, cuisine, and brands, were discouraged, by 2024, with improved relations

Japan diplomatic Relations, Japanese Politics & Diplomacy, and multilateral cooperation in Northeast Asia.

between South Korea and Japan, it is not difficult to find young generation actively promoting travel toJapan, Japanese culture, and participating in exchanges between the two countries by themselves.
The proliferation of digital technology presents a dual nature. Its impact, whether positive or negative,
hinges on how it is harnessed and accessed. In today's context, there is a growing necessity for 'digital
literacy.' This term encompasses the capacity to seek, assess, and integrate reliable information
across diverse media platforms, fostering accurate comprehension and articulation of data.
Essentially, it involves the ability to distinguish accurate information, enhance communication throughdigital platforms, and independently utilize digital resources. Establishing a groundwork of mutual
understanding that adapts to evolving trends is paramount.

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Presentation Summary

03 | Session II.

How can we invest in trilateral cooperation for the
Next Generation?
Speaker

Is it true that mutual recognition among these three countries is declining?
These days, young people are always listening to K-pop, watching Korean dramas, enjoying Japanese
anime, and getting immersed in Chinese games and TikTok. They spend a lot of time and money on theirfavorite idols, characters and influencers from these cultures.

YAMASHITA Tomohiro
Chief Contents Officer (CCO), Nulunulu.inc

I believe that virtual travel among the three countries via smartphones is undoubtedly increasing.
Moreover, these youth-oriented contents not only generate significant economic benefits but also havethe wonderful "side effect" of fans supporting what they love, regardless of political beliefs.
As a producer and influencer, I have been thinking about how to maximize this positive "side effect." I
have concluded that adults can create opportunities, give recognition, and provide support behind the

YAMASHITA Tomohiro, the CCO of Nulunulu.inc., was born in 1985 in Sapporo, Hokkaido, Japan, and raised in Otaru,
Hokkaido, Japan. He graduated from Arts Planning Department of Osaka University of Arts.
After graduation, he joined the Sapporo Cultural Arts Foundation. He was in charge of the management of stage
performances such as Japanese traditional entertainment, theatrics, and dance performances.
He moved to China in 2012 and enrolled in the master's program at the Shanghai University Academy of Fine Arts.
During this time, he began engaging in activities related to owned media.
Currently, he works as an influencer with over 6 million followers in China, and also as a content producer involved in
producing Japanese TV programs and advising on the Chinese market expansion for Japanese celebrities.

scenes.
In this respect, we need to gather influencers who resonate with this main idea, make a list of them(creating an influencer bank), and provide them with platforms and opportunities. As a result, they will
naturally engage, interact, understand, and appreciate each other, creating optimized content to sharewith people from different cultural backgrounds.
As the number of influencers who agree with this concept increase and more register in the influencer
bank, this positive idea will gradually spread in three counties.
It is now time to invest in this effort. If we can create a future where young people in Japan, Korea, andChina have their favorite influencers in each country, and these influencers can collaborate to create
content together. I strongly believe our future will be happy.

At the company he represents, Nulunulu.inc, he handles cross-border web promotions and marketing between China
and Japan, management of corporate social media accounts, influencer advertising, inbound-related advertising
activities, and e-commerce business. In recent years, Nululu.inc has been particularly focused on monetizing JapaneseIntellectual Property (IP) in China.
He serves in multiple roles, including Director of the NPO OTARU CREATIVE PLUS, Otaru Sightseeing Ambassador,
Ehime Digital Partner, and Japan-China Friendship Youth Ambassador Tokyo. His work primarily focuses on promoting
mutual understanding between Japan and China.

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Presentation Summary

03 | Session II.

The Impact of AI Development on the Cultures ofChina, Japan, and Korea
Speaker

The development of artificial intelligence (AI) significantly influences the cultural landscapes of China,
Japan, and Korea, manifesting in various aspects:
1. Cultural Dissemination and Exchange: AI-powered translation tools and language processing technologies, such aslarge language models, enhance cultural dissemination and exchange. AI-based recommendation systems suggest
relevant cultural content (e.g., movies, books, music, and news) based on user interests and behavior, enriching

WANG Zhongyuan
President, Beijing Academy of Artificial Intelligence (BAAI)

cultural experiences and promoting intercultural communication among the three countries.
2. Cultural Preservation and Heritage: AI technologies enable the digital preservation and restoration of valuable
cultural heritage. For instance, DeepMind's neural network Ithaca deciphers ancient Greek texts from damaged
artifacts, while VR technology reconstructs and simulates historical sites and traditional cultural activities, offering
immersive experiences in museums.
3. AI-Driven Creativity and Art: AI contributes to the arts, exemplified by Stability AI's painting models that create

Dr. WANG Zhongyuan, President of the Beijing Academy of Artificial Intelligence. He was honored in MIT Technology
Review's "Innovators Under 35" (TR35) in 2018. He has held pivotal positions at renowned companies such as
Kuaishou, Meituan, Facebook, and Microsoft Research Asia, focusing on the development of core artificial intelligence
technologies. He has published over 80 papers at top international conferences and journals, including the famous
American scientific magazine "Nature" AI subsidiary "Nature Machine Intelligence", and won the Best Paper Award at
the top international conference ICDE 2015.WANG Zhongyuan graduated with his bachelor's, master's, and doctoral

unique artworks, showcasing the potential of AI in artistic creation.
4. AI in Education and Learning: AI-supported online learning platforms make global educational resources moreaccessible, promoting the dissemination and sharing of cultural knowledge worldwide.
5. Globalization of Social Media Platforms: AI enhances user experience and content management on social media
platforms, enabling users to share their lives, cultures, and opinions. This fosters mutual understanding, increases
cross-border interactions, and strengthens cultural recognition among the three nations.
6. Social Impact (Public Opinion Analysis and Cultural Diversity): AI analyzes social media and network data to identify

degrees from Renmin University of China in Computer Science, later joining Microsoft Research Asia as a Principal

and address cultural conflicts and misunderstandings, promoting positive cultural exchange and reducing biases

Researcher, where he achieved significant success in projects related to knowledge graphs and conversational robots.

and misconceptions.

While serving as a research scientist at Facebook, he led his team to build one of the most important and the mostadvanced product-level social network knowledge graph entity linking services. In 2018, he returned to China to

In summary, AI's application in social media greatly enhances mutual recognition and understandings
among China, Japan, and Korea, enriching cultural exchange and strengthening emotional connections
and cultural identification. However, attention must be paid to privacy protection and algorithmic bias tojoin Meituan, and within six months, led his team to create the world's largest food and entertainment knowledge

ensure cultural exchange occurs in a fair and safe environment.

graph, "Meituan Brain." He later joined Kuaishou as the Vice President of Technology, responsible for multimedia

Prospects: Collaboration and Researchcontent analysis. In 2024, Dr. WANG Zhongyuan was appointed as the President of the Beijing Academy of Artificial

Establishing AI academic and research collaboration platforms and mechanisms can boost cooperation

Intelligence (BAAI), tasked with overseeing the institute’s comprehensive portfolio. BAAI is among the first in China

in technology, education, and cultural fields among China, Japan, and Korea. This includes promoting

to delve into large-scale model research. As a pioneering research institute, it fosters a comprehensive ecosystem

exchanges and visits among young AI researchers from the three countries and organizing jointthat spans industry, academia, and research. This ecosystem is nurtured through initiatives such as the BAAI Scholars

academic exchange activities in the AI domain, thus enhancing mutual recognition and cooperation.

program, BAAI Conference, BAAI Community, and Qingyuan Club, by convening a blend of scholars and dedicatedfull-time research and engineering teams, the BAAI is dedicated to achieving system-level breakthroughs that posesignificant technical challenges, demand tight engineering collaboration, and require sustained long-term effort.
50

IFTC 2024

51

Presentation Summary

03 | Session II.

The digital transformation has significantly changed the means of communications away from

Discussanttraditional media sources such as newspapers and modern coercive speech trends are concerning as
they increase the likelihood of though echo chambers and stifle debate on multi-faceted issues. In orderto overcome formed biases, positive interactions are a necessity and cross-border exchanges between
states are one of the best mechanisms to facilitate the flow of people, information and ideas whileallowing the positive build of mutual respect and positive relations.

Ganbold Baasanjav

However, it must be noted that there are also generational gaps that cannot be ignored when

Head of Office, United Nations Economic and Social Commission for Asia

attempting to deal with generational perceptions, adults in their 60s for example have a tendency toand the Pacific (UN ESCAP) East and North-East Asia Officeconsume their information through different mediums than younger adults in their 20s and would also
have different perspectives on culture and on trilateral relations based to their historical exposure ofnarratives, people and information.
In terms of repairing divergent perspectives, influencers and other media, can focus on collaborative

Prior to UNESCAP, Dr. Ganbold has worked extensively for the government of Mongolia serving within the country incommon causes rather than overhyping while attention grabbing negative headlines, that polarize andthe Foreign Ministry as well as abroad in a diplomatic capacity. He was most recently the Ambassador-at-large fordrive divisions between people, focusing on debate and constructive criticism for longer term solutions

Sustainable Development at the Ministry of Foreign Affairs of Mongolia (2018-2019). Prior to this, he has served

other than intentionally provoking anger and emotional reactions. Governments can also seek to focus
on more easily achievable interoperable networks through agreed frameworks. Such actions to focus

as the Mongolian Ambassador to the Republic of Korea (2013-2018), Director-General of the Asia and the Pacificon debates featuring different perspectives towards issues, which may not fully resolve the perspective

Department at the Ministry of Foreign Affairs of Mongolia (2008-2013), and the Mongolian Ambassador to Vietnam

divide, acknowledges different approaches towards a problem and potential mitigate the impacts of(2004-2008). Dr. Ganbold has also served as the State Secretary of the Ministry of Foreign Affairs of Mongolia (2001-

inflammatory influencers by building upon a populace that is better informed and well-endowed with2003) and as the Director-General of the Public Affairs Department at the Ministry of External Relations of Mongolia(1998-2000). His earlier career includes overseas diplomatic assignments with the Mongolian Embassy in Pyongyang,
DPR of Korea (1989-1993). Dr. Ganbold was also a part-time lecturer and Dean for the Department of International
Relations, School of Foreign Service, at the National University of Mongolia (1997-2001).
Dr. Ganbold is fluent in English, Korean and Russian, and earned his BA in International Relations from Moscow State

critical reasoning.
There are many sustainable development goals which could be used as a basis framework towards
approaching debate and agreements on common problems where collaboration between states andpeoples can take place, such as in developing resilient cities and communities, share early warning
system, convenience of transport, medical access and much more to focus on together rather thanapart.

Institute of International Relations (MGIMO), Russia an MA in Political Science from University of Hawaii at Manoa, USA
and a PhD in Law from Hankuk University of Foreign Studies, Republic of Korea.
He is married with four children.

52

IFTC 2024

53

About IFTC and TCS

54

55

About IFTCInternational Forum for Trilateral Cooperation (IFTC) is TCS’s annual flagship event that brings together eminent

5th

April 2017scholars/policy makers to share and offer new insights into the political climate, economic cooperation, and socio-cul-Seoul,

Strengthening Trilateral(ROK) HAN Sung-joo, Former Foreign Minister/ Professor

ROK

Cooperation in the Face ofEmeritus at Korea University

New Challenges(Japan) OGURA Kazuo, Former Ambassador to the ROK/

tural ties among China, Japan, and the ROK. IFTC is held on a rotational basis among the three countries, targeted atparticipants of government dignitaries, experts, scholars, business leaders, journalists and civil society leaders fromPresident of the Nippon Foundation Paralympic Support

the three countries. The inaugural IFTC was held by the Ministry of Foreign Affairs of the ROK and Sejong InstituteCenterin Seoul, ROK, in 2011, commemorating the launch of the TCS. The TCS has succeeded the initiative and organized(China) LI Zhaoxing, President of the China Public Diplomacy
Association/ Former Foreign Minister  the IFTC since 2012. In 2015, IFTC has been changed to be held on a rotational basis in the three countries. Due to
6th

COVID-19 outbreak, IFTC 2020 was postponed to 2021.

April 2018

Tokyo,The Opening of a New(Japan) KOMURA Masahiko, Vice-President of LiberalJapan

Chapter for Trilateral

Democratic Party

Cooperation – The Past 10(China) DAI Bingguo, Former State Councilor  

years, the Coming 10 Years(ROK) MOON Hee-Sang, Member and Former Vice Speaker

Past Events
No.

Date

Venue

Theme

N/A

OctoberSeoul,

Toward a New Era of(ROK) LEE Hong-koo, Former Prime Minister  

2011

ROK

Peace and Common(Japan) HATOYAMA Yukio, Former Prime Minister  Prosperity in Northeast(China) TANG Jiaxuan, Former State Councilor  

of the National Assembly/ Former President of The Korea-

Keynote Speakers

Japan Parliamentarian's Union
7th

May 2019

Beijing,

Trilateral Cooperation 3.0 –(China) ZHAO Qizheng, Former Minister of the State Council

China

Charting New Pathways toInformation Office  Shared Vision(ROK) CHUNG Sye-kyun, Member and Former Speaker

Asia – Commemorating theof the National Assembly/ Former Representative of theLaunch of the Trilateral

Democratic Party/ Former Minister of Commerce, Industry

Cooperation Secretariat
1stand Energy

OctoberSeoul,

2012: Year of Transition and(ROK) KIM Sung-hwan, Foreign Minister(Japan) KAWAMURA Takeo, Member of the House of

2012

ROK

the Trilateral Cooperation(Japan) NAKAGAWA Masaharu, Former Minister ofRepresentatives/ Former Minister of Education, Culture,

Education, Culture, Sports, Science and Technology

Sports, Science and Technology/ Former Chief Cabinet(China) LU Shumin, Vice President of Chinese People’s

Secretary

Institute of Foreign Affairs

2ndApril 2014

Seoul,The Unity in Diversity(ROK) KIM Sung-hwan, Chair of SNU Institute for Global

ROK– Fostering East AsianSocial Responsibility/ Former Foreign Minister

Identity & Spirit of(Japan) OGURA Kazuo, Advisor to the Japan Foundation/

Community

Former Ambassador to the ROK

8thApril 2021

Seoul,

In light of the TCS 10-(ROK) BAN Ki-moon, 8th United Nations Secretary General/

ROK

Year Anniversary: The New

Former Minister of Foreign Affairs and Trade of the ROK(Hybrid)

Trilateral Partnership in the
Next Decade

9thJune 2022(China) ZHAO Jinjun, President of China Foreign Affairs
University

Seoul,

Future-Oriented Trilateral(Japan) HIROSE Katsusada, Governor, Oita Prefecture of

ROK

Cooperation: Lasting Peace,Japan(Hybrid)

Common Prosperity, Shared(China) ZHANG Ping, Former Vice Chairman, The National

CulturePeople’s Congress Standing Committee of China(ROK) KIM Hwang-Sik, Chairman, Ho-Am Foundation/

3rd

4th

April 2015

April 2016

Tokyo,

Challenges and(Japan) FUKUDA Yasuo, Former Prime Minister  Japan

Opportunities – Ushering(China) LI Zhaoxing, Former Foreign Minister

into a New Era(ROK) HAN Seung-soo, Former Prime Minister  Beijing,

Deepening Dialogue and(China) XU Jialu, Vice-Chairman of the 9th and 10th NPC

China

Communication, PushingStanding Committee

Trilateral Cooperation to a

(ROK) GOH Kun, Former Prime Minister

New Level(Japan) NIKAI Toshihiro, Chairman of General Council, Liberal
Democratic Party/ Former Minister of Economy, Trade andIndustry56

Former Prime Minister of the ROK
10th

July 2023

Qingdao,

Revitalizing Trilateral(China) WANG Yi, Member of the Political Bureau of the

China

Cooperation in the Post-

Communist Party of China (CPC) Central Committee/

Covid Era: Communication,

Director of the Office of the Foreign Affairs Commission ofConnectivity andthe CPC Central Committee

Community(ROK) KANG Changhee, Chairman of Woonkyung
Foundation/ Former Speaker, National Assembly of the ROK(Japan) KONDO Seiichi, Former Commissioner of Agency
for Cultural Affairs, Government of Japan/ Director, Kondo
Institute for Culture and Diplomacy

About IFTC and TCS

57

TCS main projects

About TCS

• International Forum for Trilateral Cooperation (IFTC)• Trilateral Visionary Group (TVG)

The Trilateral Cooperation Secretariat (TCS) is an international organization established with a vision to promote peace• Trilateral Journalist Exchange Program (TJEP)

and common prosperity among China, Japan, and the Republic of Korea. Upon the agreement signed by China, Japan,• CJK Spirit Word of the Yearand the ROK, TCS was inaugurated in Seoul, ROK, in September 2011.

• TCS Day
• Trilateral Entrepreneurs Forum (TEF)• Trilateral Economic Seminar

Objective

FunctionsContribute to the further promotion of cooperative relations among the three countries• Trilateral Young Rural Leader’s Exchange Program (TREP)

by providing support for the operation and management of the trilateral consultative• Young Ambassador Program (YAP)mechanisms among the parties and by facilitating the exploration and implementation• Trilateral Youth Summit (TYS)

of cooperative projects.

• Trilateral Teacher’s Exchange Program (TTEP)

1

4Provide support for trilateral consultative mechanisms and send
representatives to attend major consultative mechanisms.

Compile trilateral mechanism information into database and publish
annual Progress Report of the Trilateral Cooperation. Conduct research on
important issues related to the Trilateral Cooperation, manage TCS website
and mechanism website, and promote understanding of the Trilateral

TCS participation in the Trilateral Summit

Cooperation.  

• 5th (Beijing, China), 6th (Seoul, ROK), 7th (Tokyo, Japan), 8th (Chengdu,
China), 9th (Seoul, ROK)TCS main research projects• Trilateral Economic Report (TER)

TCS participation in trilateral ministerial meetings (16 areas)• Trilateral Statistics Hub (TSH)• Foreign Affairs, Disaster Management, Economy and Trade, Environment,• Trilateral Common Vocabulary Dictionary / Workbook (TCVD/W)

Agriculture, Intellectual Property Rights, ICT, Science and Technology,
Transport and Logistics, Water Resources, Culture, Education, Health,Sports, Tourism, Personnel Administration

Consultative Board: One Secretary-General and two Deputy Secretaries-General

Structure2
3
58(appointed by each country on a two-year rotational basis)

C ommunicate and coordinate with the three parties and with otherinternational organizations, particularly with other East Asian cooperation
mechanisms.

Explore and identify potential cooperative projects and report the projects to

7th Consultative Board (2023.9-2025.8)
Secretary-General

ROK

LEE Hee-sup

Deputy Secretary-General

Japan

ZUSHI Shuji

Deputy Secretary-GeneralChina

YAN Liang

the relevant consultative mechanisms for adoption. Draft project reports andevaluate project results.

About IFTC and TCS

59

Floor Plan

Organizational Chart

Consultative Board
Secretary-General

Deputy Secretary-General

Deputy Secretary-General
Departments

Political
Affairs

1999.11

History

Economic
Affairs

Social andCultural Affairs

Management
andCoordination

Inception of the Trilateral Cooperation

	1st breakfast meeting among the leaders on the occasion of the 3rd
ASEAN Plus Three Summit (Manila, Philippines)
2008.12Institutionalization of the Trilateral Cooperation

	1st Trilateral Summit independent from the ASEAN Plus Three framework(Fukuoka, Japan)
2009.10

Consensus on a Need for a Permanent Secretariat for the Trilateral
Cooperation

	The three leaders agreed to establish a secretariat for the cooperation
among the three countries at the 2nd Trilateral Summit (Beijing, China)
2010.05 	Memorandum on the Establishment of the TCS	The three leaders adopted the Memorandum on the Establishment of the

Trilateral Cooperation Secretariat at the 3rd Trilateral Summit (Jeju, ROK)2010.12Agreement on the Establishment of the TCS	The three parties signed the Agreement on the Establishment of the

Trilateral Cooperation Secretariat (Seoul, ROK)2011.09

Establishment of the TCS
Opening Ceremony of the TCS (Seoul, ROK)

60

2016

5th Anniversary of the TCS

2021

10th Anniversary of the TCS

61

Floor Plan
3F

Grand Ballroom

7F

09:30 – 15:50

Registration

08:45 – 09:30

LuncheonGrand Ballroom Foyer

12:45 – 13:45

Photo exhibition
Interview Room

VIP Room

6F

Forum

VIP Luncheon

Ara I, II

Secretariat(TCS)
Balcony

Oreum

Speakers' RoomMedia Luncheon

Executive Suite 702

Interview Room (sub.)Balcony

6F

09:00 – 16:00
08:45 – 16:00

Restroom

Restroom

Oreum

07:30 – 16:00

Grand Ballroom Foyer

Oreum
Soom- Secretariat (TCS)

Nuri ballroom II

Registration
08:45 – -16:00
Restroom Restroom- Photo exhibition
12:45 – 13:45

Nuri ballroom I

On timely basis

Restroom

Restroom

Foyer

Soom

BanquetShowroom

Nuri ballroom I

Restroom

Bridal
Room

Oreum

Oreum

3F

BridalRoom

Restroom

Grand Ballroom Foyer- Secretariat (TCS)

Nuri ballroom II- Registration- Photo exhibition

Restroom

Oreum

Oreum

Grand Ballroom Foyer

12:45 – 13:45

BridalRoom

Foyer- Secretariat (TCS)

Lift
Lobby

Lift
Banquet
Lobby
Showroom

Nuri ballroom II- Registration- Photo exhibition
Grand Ballroom

Foyer

Ara

Restroom

Balcony

Lift
Lobby

Soom

Lift
Lobby

Ara I

Ara II- VIP Luncheon
Foyer
Restroom

Nuri ballroom I

Restroom

Grand Ballroom

BanquetShowroom

Ara

Foyer

Ara I

Ara II- VIP Luncheon

Grand Ballroom

7F

Grand Ballroom

Foyer

Grand Ballroom- ForumAra- Luncheon

Ara I

Lift
Lobby

Restroom

Lift
Lobby

- Forum- Luncheon

Lift
Lobby

Lift
Lobby

Ara IIVIP- VIP Luncheon
Restroom

Room

VIP
VIP Room
Room

SUITE 701

- Forum- Luncheon

Reception

SUITE 701

- Interview RoomGrand Ballroom

Lift
Lobby

Lift
Lobby

SUITE 702

SUITE 702
Reception

VIP Room

SUITE 701

Restroom- Interview RoomSUITE 701
Lift
Lobby

Lift
Lobby

VIP
Room

SUITE
702 702
Executive
Suite

SUITE 702

- Speakers' Room
- Media Luncheon- Interview Room (sub)Executive Suite 702
Reception

VIP Room- Interview RoomSUITE 701
SUITE 701

62

SUITE 702

- Speakers' Room
- Media Luncheon- Interview Room (sub)SUITE 702

Executive Suite 702- Speakers' Room
- Media Luncheon- Interview Room (sub)Floor Plan

63

www.tcs-asia.org