Bridging Climate Information Gaps to Strengthen Capacities
for Climate Informed Decision-making

Proceedings of the Regional Climate
Change Dialogue and Training
Workshop for Policymakers andScientists
25-27 June 2018, Nairobi, Kenya

Prepared and Edited by:
Alfred Nyambane
Sharon Anyango
Nicholas Ozor

Organizing Institution
African Technology Policy Studies Network (ATPS)TABLE OF CONTENTS

LIST OF TABLES .......................................................................................................................................... ii
LIST OF FIGURES ........................................................................................................................................ ii
ACKNOWLEDGEMENT .............................................................................................................................. iii
ACRONYMS AND ABBREVIATIONS ........................................................................................................... iv
EXECUTIVE SUMMARY .............................................................................................................................. v

1.

INTRODUCTION ..........................................................................................................................1
1.1 Background to the project .................................................................................................................. 1
1.2 Overall Goal and Objectives of the Regional Dialogue and Training Workshop................................. 2
1.2 Expected Outcomes ............................................................................................................................ 2

2.

OPENING SESSION OF THE TRAINING WORKSHOP .......................................................................3
2.1 Opening Ceremony ............................................................................................................................. 3
2.2 Welcome Remarks from Chief Guests ................................................................................................ 4
2.3 Introductions and Expectations .......................................................................................................... 5
2.4 About the Project and the Implementation Progress ......................................................................... 6
2.6 The Interactive Collaborative Environment (ICE Platform)............................................................... 12
2.7 Analysis of Climate Information System ........................................................................................... 15
2.8 Climate policy analysis and policy making ........................................................................................ 20

3.

MAPPING CLIMATE FUNDING, FORESIGHT STUDIES AND CLIMATE SCIENCE COMMUNICATION .. 24
3.1 Mapping of Climate Funding and Mechanisms ................................................................................ 24
3.2 Foresight Studies and Research Priority Setting in Climate Science and Policymaking.................... 27
3.3 Effective Climate Science Communication ....................................................................................... 32

4.

PARTNERSHIPS, NETWORKING AND CLIMATE CHANGE ADAPTATION AND DIALOGUE ................ 35
4.1 Design and Management of Climate Partnerships and Networks.................................................... 35
4.2 Climate change Adaptation toolkit ................................................................................................... 38
4.3 Climate change dialogue ................................................................................................................... 40
4.4 Key Messages and Resolutions ......................................................................................................... 42

5. CLOSING SESSION .....................................................................................................................45
6. REGIONAL CLIMATE CHANGE DIALOGUE AND TRAINING WORKSHOP EVALUATION ................... 46
ANNEXES .........................................................................................................................................48
Annex I: Programme ............................................................................................................................... 48
Annex II: Participants List ........................................................................................................................ 51
Annex III: Photos ..................................................................................................................................... 55
Annex IV: Evaluation Form...................................................................................................................... 56i

LIST OF TABLES
Table 1: Bridging Climate Information Gaps to Strengthen Capacities for Climate Informed Decisionmaking Project Summary Report .................................................................................................................. 8

LIST OF FIGURES
Figure 1: A conceptual Framework of the ICE platform is as demonstrated below ................................... 13
Figure 2: Value chain linking climate knowledge to Action ........................................................................ 17
Figure 3: Role of the Global Framework for Climate Services and its component pillars .......................... 18
Figure 4: Global climate finance architecture............................................................................................. 25
Figure 5: Distribution of Climate finance .................................................................................................... 26
Figure 6: GCF Business model ..................................................................................................................... 27
Figure 7: Foresights Studies Cycle............................................................................................................... 29
Figure 8: Effective Communication of Climate Science .............................................................................. 33
Figure 9: A complex network of Actors of Climate Change ........................................................................ 36
Figure 10: An illustration of Climate Information Flow .............................................................................. 42
Figure 11: Evaluation of the content of the dialogue and training workshop ............................................ 46
Figure 12: Organization and Facilitation of the Workshop ......................................................................... 46
Figure 13: Logistics and Administrative support......................................................................................... 47ii

ACKNOWLEDGEMENTAs ATPS, we would like to thank our partners Stockholm Environment Institute (SEI) Africa
Centre, IGAD Climate Prediction and Applications Center (ICPAC), Observatoire du Sahara et duSahel (OSS), AGRHYMET Regional Centre (ARC), and the Regional Centre for Mapping Resource
for Development (RCMRD) for their commitment and overwhelming support in theimplementation of the Regional Climate Change Dialogue and Training Workshop. Special
thanks to George Kabaka, Abebe Tadege, Nabil Ben Khatra, Khaoula Jaoui, Samou Kone, Tinni
Seydou, Issaka Lona, Degelo Sendabo, Abdi Gedi, Philip Osano, Elvine Kwamboka and Chidi
Onuoha for their contribution during this event. We would also like to give special thanks to all
the moderators and chairpersons of the sessions led by the ATPS Board Chair Mr Chuma Ikenze,
Mr Ralph Kaufmann, Prof Michael Madukwe, Prof Malachy Okwueze and Dr Victor Ongoma.
We also recognize the effort made by all ATPS staff in organizing this event. May God bless you
all. Lastly, we are grateful to the African Development Bank (AfDB) for their financial support
for implementing the Bridging Climate Information Gaps to Strengthen Capacities for Climate
Informed Decision-making project.

iii

ACRONYMS AND ABBREVIATIONS
ADx

Adaptation Decision Explorer

AF

Adaptation Fund

AfDB

African Development BankARC

AGRHYMET Regional Centre

ATPS

African Technology Policy Studies Network

CDM

Clean Development Mechanism

CDSF

Clim-Dev Special Fund

CERs

Certified Emission Reductions

ENDA

TM Environment Development Action in the Third World

GDPR

General Data Protection Rights

GFCS

Global Framework for Climate Services

GHGs

Greenhouse gases

ICPAC

IGAD Climate Prediction and Applications Center

INDC

Intended Nationally Determined Contributions

NMHSs

National Meteorological and Hydrological Services

OSS

Observatoire du Sahara et du Sahel

RCMRD

Regional Centre for Mapping Resource for Development

SCF

Standing Committee on Finance

SDG

Sustainable development goals

SEI

Stockholm Environment Institute Africa Centre

SEKU

South Eastern Kenya University

SEPAN

Sustainable Energy Practitioners Association of Nigeria

UNFCCC

United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Changeiv

EXECUTIVE SUMMARY
The African Development Bank (AfDB) through its Clim-Dev Special Fund (CDSF), has supported
the African Technology Policy Studies Network (ATPS) in partnership with the Stockholm
Environment Institute (SEI) Africa Centre, IGAD Climate Prediction and Applications Center(ICPAC), Observatoire du Sahara et du Sahel (OSS), AGRHYMET Regional Centre (ARC), and theRegional Centre for Mapping Resource for Development (RCMRD) to implement a projecttagged “Bridging Climate Information Gaps to Strengthen Capacities for Climate Informed
Decision-making in Africa”. The goal of this project is to reduce vulnerability and foster a food‐secure Africa by strengthening the capacities of African countries’ to understand and deploy
appropriate climate information and best practices to inform decision-making and support
development planning. The project focuses on five countries namely: Cameroon, Kenya,
Malawi, Nigeria and Tunisia.
The Regional Climate Change Dialogue and Training workshop brings together delegates drawn
from the target countries representing policy makers, practitioners, researchers and private
sector actors to deliberate on the progress made so far in their countries in regard to climatechange resilience and adaptation. The Regional Climate Change Dialogue and Training
Workshop provided an avenue for sharing experiences and lessons drawn from the different
countries relating to climate change. The overall goal of the regional workshop was to bringdifferent partners and stakeholders with different climate expertise and interest together on
the same platforms to learn, share and connect to understand each other and to promoteclimate information use for decision-making and planning. This included training policy makers,
scientists and other stakeholders on various topics relating to climate information and services
and informing policy recommendations by equipping African stakeholders with adequate
climate information and capacity needed to promote a development pathway that is climateresilient at institutional, national and regional levels.
The chief guest Hon. Samuel Onuigbo, Chairman of the Committee on Climate Change of theFederal House of Representatives, Nigeria noted that the topics discussed were very important
especially to Nigeria and Africa as a whole because better ways on how to bridge climate
information gap in Africa will be shared amongst each other. Dr Alice Kaudia, Environment
Secretary, Kenya in her opening remarks emphasized on the importance of climate Informationand quality research work reaching people at the right time, if information is not delivered at
the right time then the written publications will not have any impact to the public.
As part of the project output, six training modules developed in this project were presented todelegates and the valuable inputs received from them will be incorporated in the final report. A
draft adaptation toolkit was also presented in the forum and there was dialogue amongst
various stakeholder categories/actors across the various topics covered by the presenters andvarious key messages drawn in form of resolutions.

v

1. INTRODUCTION
1.1 Background to the project
The African Development Bank (AfDB) through its Clim-Dev Special Fund (CDSF), has supported
the African Technology Policy Studies Network (ATPS) in partnership with Stockholm
Environment Institute (SEI) Africa Centre, IGAD Climate Prediction and Applications Center(ICPAC), Observatoire du Sahara et du Sahel (OSS), AGRHYMET Regional Centre (ARC), and theRegional Centre for Mapping Resource for Development (RCMRD) to implement a projecttagged “Bridging Climate Information Gaps to Strengthen Capacities for Climate Informed
Decision-making in Africa”. The goal of this project is to reduce vulnerability and foster a food‐secure Africa through the strengthening of African countries’ capacities to understand anddeploy appropriate climate information and best practices to inform decision-making andsupport development planning. The project focuses on five countries (Cameroon, Kenya,
Malawi, Nigeria and Tunisia), which are a representative of the five major geographical regionsin Africa. The selection of each country within a region is also based factors such as being a
regional hub; country that is favourably disposed to climate change policies and institutions;and vulnerability to climate change impacts; and low capacities for adaptation and planning.
Recent interventions through the Intended Nationally Determined Contributions (INDC) set out
the pledges and intentions of these countries on climate change mitigation for the post-2020
period. Despite programmes and initiatives to address climate change issues, these countries
are confronted with gaps on the available climate information and low capacity to collect,analyze, and use robust and reliable climate information to inform decision-making and to
mainstream climate change adaptation and risk measures into national development plans andpolicies.
This project has three main components:(i) Climate information synthesis in selected countries;(ii) Capacity Enhancement and Climate Information Dissemination;(iii) Project management and administration.
The expected outcomes from this project include:(i) Improved national and regional level data collection systems and synthesis for better
deployment in decision making and practice;(ii) Improved capacity of policymakers, scientists, extension agents and farmers to use
climate information and technology tools for adaptation planning and decision making;and(iii) Strengthened information exchange and improved networking among stakeholders
working on climate change adaptation in selected countries.
The direct beneficiaries of this project include: policymakers, climate researchers, practitioners,
extension agents and farmers in the selected countries. The novelty in this project lies inbringing different partners and stakeholders with different climate expertise and interest
together on the same platforms to learn, share and connect to understand each other and topromote climate information use for decision-making and planning.

1The Regional Climate Change Dialogue and Training workshop for policymakers and scientists
was held from 25-27 June 2018 in Nairobi, Kenya. In attendance were policymakers, scientists
and other stakeholders from the target African countries with approximate 50 delegatespresent during the three-day workshop.
1.2 Overall Goal and Objectives of the Regional Dialogue and Training Workshop
The workshop aimed at bringing together different partners and stakeholders with different
climate expertise and interest together on the same platforms to learn, share and connect tounderstand each other and to promote climate information use for decision-making andplanning. This included training policy makers, scientists and other stakeholders on various
topics relating to climate information and services and informing policy recommendations byequipping African stakeholders with adequate climate information and capacity needed topromote a development pathway that is climate-resilient at institutional, national and regional
levels.
The specific objectives of this dialogue and workshop were:i) To facilitate the mainstreaming of climate change issues in regional policy dialogue
aimed at raising awareness on climate change issues,ii) Training, outreach and awareness-raising to increase the use of climate resilient andadaptation best practice at various levels.
iii) Dissemination of project outputs so far produced.
iv) To strengthen understanding use and mastery of climate information and services.
1.2 Expected Outcomesi) Improved capacity of policymakers, scientists, extension agents and farmers to use
climate information and technology tools for adaptation planning and decision making;andii) Strengthened information exchange and improved networking among stakeholders
working on climate change adaptation in selected countries.

22. OPENING SESSION OF THE TRAINING WORKSHOP
2.1 Opening Ceremony
The opening session was chaired by Prof Malachy Okwueze, Vice-Chancellor, Coal City
University, Enugu State, Nigeria and it was moderated by Dr Victor Ongoma, lecturer, South
Eastern Kenya University (SEKU), Kenya.
2.1.1 Opening Remarks from the Chair of the Session- Prof Malachy Okwueze
The Chairman of this session Prof Malachy Okwueze welcomed alldelegates to the workshop. He started his opening remarks withreference to the 2009 Copenhagen Climate Change Conference where
different world leaders, environment ministers and officials came
together to discuss the global effects of climate change. According toProf. Okwueze there were no global agreements but even if there would
have been, some of the agreements made during the conference could
be issues with continental and regional platforms on the implementationof the decisions agreed upon. Prof. Okwueze further expressed optimismthat today more actions on climate change have born results and there is need to haveconcentrated efforts interfacing with various stakeholders to come up with solutions in regards
to climate change. In addition, he noted that the workshop platform would yield results
because it brought together various people with great expertise to dialogue on the current gaps
identified in addressing matters on climate change. Lastly, he commended ATPS and its
partners as well as the African Development Bank (AfDB) for organizing the workshop which is aplatform to yield results and dialogue into action on climate change issues.
2.1.2 Welcome Remarks from the African Technology Policy Studies Network (ATPS)
Dr. Nicholas Ozor, ATPS Executive Director welcomed delegates to the 3day workshop. He emphasized on the importance of dialogue inreference to climate change because in Africa there are low capacities interms of adaptation and therefore there is need have continuous
discussions on how Africa can equip itself well with tools and innovations
to adapt to these changes. He also noted that Africa contributes 10% of
green emissions which is less than 4% yet it tends to bear the greatest
effect of climate change which is being witnessed through flooding anddrought, which have ravaged many parts of Africa. Dr. Ozor further
informed delegates that the Regional Climate Change Dialogue and Training workshop aims toidentify, develop climate information that will enable different categories of actors(policymakers, researchers, members of parliament, media) in the climate change cycle to makeclimate informed decisions. In addition, ATPS in its efforts to address climate change issues are
currently out-scaling the use of LandInfo mobile app across Africa. The LandInfo is a community
driven app that enables users to instantaneously access climatic and soil information andinterprets them in the context of local conditions. In his concluding remarks, Dr. Ozor
introduced other project partners namely: Stockholm Environment Institute (SEI) Africa Centre,
IGAD Climate Prediction and Applications Center (ICPAC), Observatoire du Sahara et du Sahel
3

(OSS), AGRHYMET Regional Centre (ARC), and the Regional Centre for Mapping Resource forDevelopment (RCMRD).
2.2 Welcome Remarks from Chief Guests
2.2.1 Remarks from Hon. Samuel Onuigbo, Chairman of the Committee on Climate Change,
Federal House of Representatives, Nigeria
Hon. Samuel Onuigbo, thanked the project partners for inviting him tothis great workshop. He noted the discussion was very important
especially to Nigeria and by a large extension Africa because theworkshop will address better ways on how to bridge the climate
information gap in Africa. Hon. Onuigbo informed delegates that Nigeria
battle with the issue of Boko Haram problem took so long because thecountry did not take action to tackle climate change for instance, in Lake
Chad millions of people depended on water however due to climatechange, the lake started drying rapidly and proactive action was neither
not deployed properly or information may not have been available at that time. Individuals
without other skills and who previously depended on water from the lake ended up in cities tomake tools for war that are today are being used to cause trouble in Nigeria. Drought anddesertification has also ravaged some parts of Nigeria, there is need to therefore sharescientific information and ensure tools are deployed well to prevent climate change crises. He
further noted that from a legislative angle, Nigeria passed and assented a robust Bill on climatechange which has the potential to help tackle the effects of climate change in the country. He
was optimistic that he will gain new information from the workshop to take back home.
2.2.2 Remarks from Dr. Alice Kaudia, Environment Secretary, Kenya
Dr. Alice Kaudia expressed her joy for being at the workshop to share
her experiences on what she has seen in Africa in regards toenvironmental issues. She emphasized on the importance of climate
information and quality research work reaching people at the righttime, if information is not delivered at the right time then the written
publications will not have any impact to the public. She further urgeddelegates present to identify the nature of the climate information
gaps, how they can bridge the climate information gap and what tools
for climate information can be used and their availability to the public.
Additionally, she also noted that SMEs, innovation and pitching provides opportunities foryoung people to avoid being idle and share information through their work to the public. She
further noted that information needs to reach the end user to see change just as in the mannerpeople use energy and water resources. In her concluding remarks, she noted that the Kenyan
constitution guarantees the right to information, there is also a framework in the climate policy
whereby the president and his deputy are part of the leadership that constitutes climate policy
governance hence a sign of political goodwill. Dr. Kaudia concluded her opening remarks bydeclaring the Climate Change Dialogue and Training Workshop officially open.
4Chief guests during the Regional Climate Change Dialogue and Training workshop; from left Dr Alice
Kaudia, Prof Malachy Okwueze, Dr Nicholas Ozor, Mr Ralph Von Kaufman and Hon. Samuel Onuigbo

2.3 Introductions and Expectations
This session was facilitated by Dr Ernest Acheampong, the project manager who requested
participants to introduce themselves and write their expectations. Some of the expectations
from the delegates include:• To know how climate information affects the business community and the Africanbusiness network• To know how youth will be involved in using climate information• To identify research gaps in the area of climate change and natural resource
management• To find out the most effective communication of research ideas and research• To create network and partnerships for effective research and sharing of information• To learn how climate information can be effectively communicated• To learn about ways of narrowing climate change information gaps
• To ensure that climate information provided is brought down to the end-users both inurban and rural areas of Africa• To deepen understanding and collaboration amongst stakeholders in the area ofknowledge sharing and capacity development.
• To develop capacity to generate climate information relevant to farmers• To learn more of what other players are doing in the area of climate change
5

•
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
•

To learn about technologies and innovations/tools that can be applied in bridging theclimate information gap
To learn how to integrate information and tools and use them to ensure sustainableagriculture and food security in Africa.
To get capability on climate change policy and policy making and effective climate
information communication
To get clear approaches of reaching farmers with climate information
Anticipated impact of information to policy makers and farmers
To find out how to simplify climate information and make it accessible and useful to theend users
To establish ways of using timely climate information to control new and emerging croppests
To network and partner to deliver short skills in climate change and agriculture courses
To understand best practices that can be used to link climate information with policy
Learn how to use climate information for planning and making decisions
Learn how to effectively communicate climate science to non-scientists
To find out how the private sector can participate in these processes.

2.4 About the Project and the Implementation Progress
Presented by Mr Alfred Nyambane, Research Officer-ATPS
This project, Bridging Climate Information Gaps to Strengthen
Capacities for Climate Informed Decision-Making is being
implemented by the ATPS in partnership with SEI, ICPAC, OSS, ARC andthe RCRMD. The project aims to strengthen the capacities of relevant
stakeholders in five countries (Cameroon, Kenya, Malawi, Nigeria, andTunisia) to deepen their understanding and to deploy appropriate
climate information and best practices to inform decision-making. The
aims of the project are to: i) Identify and analyse climate informationneeds synthesis and use; ii) Build the capacity stakeholders to utilize
high quality, demand-driven climate information for adaptation
planning and decision-making; and iii) Facilitate the mainstreaming of climate change issues inregional policy dialogue aimed at strengthening the understanding, use and mastery of climate
information.
In Africa, the production and access to climate information is on the rise nevertheless,consumers face various challenges in the application of climate information due to low qualityof the information products, lack of segregated information at appropriate scales anddifficulties in communicating and interpreting the information for planning and decision
making. There is a clear gap between the capacity of climate scientists to produce policyrelevant information and decision-makers’ need for such information in African countries.
Political and socio-economic factors are instrumental in the access to and uptake of climate
information. Some of the barriers which hinder uptake of climate information include:
institutional mandates, hierarchical structures and lack of adequate incentives. A clear6

understanding of local political contexts is needed to make the communication and use ofclimate information more effective.
The Project is being funded by the African Development Bank (AfDB) under the Clim-Dev specialfund. It is expected after the two-year implementation period there will be Improved capacitiesof stakeholders and institutions to deploy appropriate climate information and best practices
for effective climate-proof policy making and practices, improvement in national and regional
level climate information systems for long-term development and adaptation planning and,strengthened information exchange and networking among stakeholders working on climatechange. Project beneficiaries include: Government agencies and institutions; Researchers andexperts; Policymakers and development planners; Contact farmers and Extension agents andNon-governmental organizations amongst others. Details of the project implementation areprovided in Table 1 below.

7

Table 1: Bridging Climate Information Gaps to Strengthen Capacities for Climate Informed Decision-making Project Summary Report
Output / Activity
As listed in the project document

Status:Complete, Ongoing,
NotstartedComponent One: Climate Information Synthesis
Output 1.1: Technical report on thestate of climate information needs
and services for climate change
mitigation and adaptation in
Cameroon,
Kenya,
Malawi,
Nigeria, and Tunisia
 Activity 1.1.1 Desk Studies on Completed
identification and analysis ofclimate information and needs
On-going
 Activity 1.1.2 Mining of climate
data and information based on
identified needs
On-going
 Activity 1.1.3 Data collection,
synthesis and analysis of highquality climate information
Output 1.2: Web-based Interactive
Collaborative Environment (ICE) forclimate information knowledge
sharing and dissemination
 Activity 1.2.1 Development of the
ICE menus/ platforms

On-going

Work undertaken so far

Issues that need to beaddressed:
Decisions/actions to be
taken

Performance
Indicator

Meansof
Verification

Remarks

ATPS has completed theclimate information andneeds assessment for
Cameroon; RCMRD has
completed the one for
Malawi;OSS
hascompleted the one for
Tunisia; ICPAC for Kenya
and
AGRHYMET
for
Nigeria.
A synthesized report for
the 5 countries has been
produced and is attached
as an output for thiscomponent. The datafrom each country will be
continuously updated as
new information emerges.
The first phase of theconstruction of the ICE
platform consisting of thedevelopmentoftheknowledge repositories,
virtual market for expert
skills,collaborative
working environment, etraining platform and key
performance indicators(KPIs)
hasbeendeveloped.

The partners are jointly
developing 2 papers fromthe synthesized datacollected and mining
other available data to
updatearticlesforsubmission to a peerreviewed Journal in thefield.

One
Assessment
completedby Dec 2017

-Technicalreport-A Publishedjournal article- Report

Technical report on thestateofclimateinformation needs andservices is complete.

Climatedata
andinformation from thedesk studies in the target
countries are currently
being synthesized andwould be used topopulate the knowledge
repositories once theplatform has been fully
developed and launchedonline.

1
ICE
platform
establishedby end ofJuly 2018

Reports
hosted on the
project’s
website and
ICE

The ICE platform isalmost complete.

8

Mining of climate dataand information is ongoing to fill the gaps
identified. Data will bepurchased
wherenecessary. This data
will be analyzed andused to populate theICE platform where
peoplewill
freelyaccess it.

Component Two: Capacity Enhancement and Climate Information Dissemination
Output 2.1 Training modules forpolicymakers and scientists
 Activity 2.1.1 Development oftraining modules for climate
scientists and policymakers
Output 2.2 Policy briefs andproceedings report of a 3-day
regional climate change dialogue
and training workshop forpolicymakers and scientists
 Activity 2.2.1 Organize 3-day
Regional climate change dialogue
and training workshop forpolicymakers and scientists
 Activity 2.2.2 Development of thepolicy briefs and proceedings
reportOutput 2.3 Training Manual for
extension agents and contact
farmers on the use of LandInfo
mobile app
 Activity 2.3.1 Training of Trainers(TOT) for agricultural extension
agents and contact farmers on
LandInfo mobile app use

On-going

Done
On-going

All partners except SEI
were allocated specificmodules that are now
being developed

Draft concept note wasdeveloped and shared.
The activity has been
implemented.

6
Training
modulesdevelopedby June 2018

-Training
moduleDraft modules received
and partners working
to improve them basedon comments received.

The regional workshop
was held in Nairobi from25th to 27th June 2018.

-1
Policybriefdeveloped-1
proceedings
reportcompletedby July 2018

-Proceedings
reports-Concept Note
-Policy briefs

Regional
climatechange dialogue andtraining workshop was
implemented

Other
trainings
forCameroon, Malawi andTunisia will be organizedandconducted
asscheduledintheapproved work plan.

150 Trainingof Trainers(TOT) on theuseof
LandInfo bySeptember
2018.
10
farmers and
20 extension
agents per
country-Training
reports-Progress
reports

ATPS worked withcountry
chaptercoordinatorstoorganize the trainings
both in Kenya andNigeria. Partners wereidentified and thetraining was jointly
organized. In Kenya,
the County Departmentof Agriculture washeavily involved. The
ATPS team made previsits to the county andsub-counties and the
EAs and farmers wereselected. In Nigeria, theUniversity of Nigeria

Drafting of report andpolicybriefshavecommenced.

The LandInfo training
manual was developed
and published.
On-going(Training
in
Kenya
and
Nigeria havebeen
completed)

First drafts shared andpartners working oncomments

Two LandInfo mobile app
training workshops wereorganized and conductedin Nakuru county, Kenya(8-9 November 2017) andNsukka, Enugu State,
Nigeria (28-29 March2018). 120 people weretrained in Kenya andanother 120 extension
agents, contact farmers,
Staff of UNN and Students
were trained in Nigeria.
Prior to the training, a pre9visit was conducted by the
ATPS team in bothcountries to identify
suitable extension agentsand contact farmers for
the LandInfo training.
Output 2.4 ICE for climate
information knowledge exchange
and sharing
 Activity 2.4.1 Management of the
ICE infrastructure

Output 2.5 A robust climate
adaptation toolkit
 Activity 2.5.1 Conduct case studies
through focus group discussion
and dissemination workshops in
Nigeria and Kenya

On-going

On-going
Not Started

This will be a continuous
process to keep updating
and tracking activities on
the platform once it islaunched.

The first case study will be
conducted from 1st May
2018 in Nsukka, Enugu
State
Nigeria.
This
exercise is led by SEI.

Nsukka and the Enugu
State
Agricultural
Development
Programme (ENADEP)
were heavily involved.
The consultant in liaison
with the project team iscompiling data from thetargetcountries
topopulate the ICE platform
once it is completed
before it is officiallylaunched.

1000 visitors
to the ICE
platform by
December
2018

Activities are on course.
First case study in Nigeria
has been done

1 Adaptation
Toolkitdeveloped
by
June
2018

Successfully completed

Reportcompletedby Dec 2018

-Efficiently
running
ICE
platform

The development of
the ICE platform is ongoing. Gathering ofdata and materials
requiredfortheplatform is also ongoing.

-Proceedings
report-RobustClimate
Adaptation
Toolkit

Activities are on-going.
The SEI team isplanning a case study in
Kenya.

-Proceedings
report-Minutesofthe Steeringcommittee
meetings

Successfully completed.
2nd
physicalPSC
meeting
was
conducted on 28th June2018.

 Activity 2.5.2 Synthesis of theadaptation planning reports andits integration into the robust
Climate Adaptation Toolkit
Component Three: Project management and administration
Output 3.1: Project Launch andsteering committee meetings

Output 3.2: Establishment of the
Project implementation team with

Completed/ongoing

Project was launched on
11th September 2017 at
Hilton hotel, Nairobi,
Kenya
First PSC meeting washeld on 12th September
2017 while the second
was held on 28th June2018.
• Tinni Halidou Seydou(AGRHYMET)Permanent
contact
persons for the project10

Successfully doneclear responsibilities
 Activity 3.2.1 Identify teammembers from each collaborating
institution
andassignresponsibilities
 Activity 3.2.2 Provide orientationand deploy staff

Output 3.3 Framework for Project
implementation, procurement anddisbursement
 Activity
3.3.1
Implement
procurement
andfinancialtransactionsforproject
implementation

Completed

CompletedOn-going

seydoutinni@gmail.com
Tel : +227 20 315 316• George Kabaka (ICPAC)
okabaka@icpac.net
Tel: +254 20 387 8340
• Degelo Sendabo(RCMRD)
degelo@rcmrd.org
Tel: +254 723 786161• Nabil Benkhatra (OSS)
nabil.benkhatra@oss.org.tnTel: +216 71 206 633• Philip Osano (SEI-Africa)
philip.osano@sei.org
Tel: +254 207 224 886
The ATPS has alreadytransferred all funds tothe different partners for
all activities in this project.
Eachpartnerhas
acknowledged receipt of
the project funds.

have been identified by
the respective partners.
These
peopleareresponsiblefortheimplementationofactivities assigned to eachof the partners

Activities
are
being
implemented
appropriately. There are
no issues that need to beaddressed here.

-Procurement
plan in place

Activities are
implemented
appropriately

being-Quarterly
Progress
reports-Financial
reports-M&E reports

Submitted on time

Goods and services havebeen
procuredinaccordance with theapproved procurement
plan and AfDB policies.
Output 3.4: Quarterly reports, midterm report and M&E plan Activity 3.4.1 Prepare progressand quarterly reportsformonitoring and evaluation of the
project

On-going

Quarterly report prepared

Reports prepared andsubmitted Quarterly

11

2.6 The Interactive Collaborative Environment (ICE Platform)
Presentation by Mr. Mathew Imulia, IT Consultant- ATPSICE is a brainchild of the ATPS, whose birth was motivated and informedby the need to improve wide dissemination of climate change
information. The ATPS has used its cost effective and efficient
information and knowledge system, an online platform, ICE, to promotewide information dissemination, and to enable stakeholders to interact
and share information and change issues for its valued users. The ICE
platform is viewed as a platform that will offer opportunities for all
stakeholders in the climate sector to participate in information sharing,
aimed at strengthening the capacities of African countries to understand,develop and deploy appropriate scientific knowledge on climate
information access, use and management on the continent (See Figure 1 for conceptual
framework).
The ICE platform comprises a social media platform, a wiki (knowledge repository), a virtual
market place, and enhanced search functionality on adaptation plans, technologies, policies
and different projects. The social media platform is meant to bring together people to exchange
ideas and experiences on climate change. This together with the virtual market place andstreams from other mainstream media will serve to connect stakeholders to selected experts
on climate change from whom they can share ideas on the subject, all for free! The virtual
market place will also aggregate information on available donor funded projects to thestakeholders, as well as provide a chance for stakeholders to list their proposals for prospective
funders to explore. The knowledge repository is a wiki that will serve the purposes ofpromoting file sharing on projects, programmes, adaptation plans and policies on climatechange. Content on the wiki is uploaded freely by users of the platform, and verified by
selected experts before being made publicly available to all users of the site. Chat rooms withprivate chat functionality are also a component/module of the site.
The project is estimated to be 75% complete at the time of presentation. Most modules had
been developed including the social media platforms, user logins (with ability to login throughsocial media accounts), Forum is complete with users able to add threads and create polls. The
knowledge repository is also done with users of the site able to upload content from their local
storage locations and the cloud straight to the forum. Visibility of trainers, administrators,
moderators and users of the platform has also been worked on, with online availability being
denoted by a tiny circle next to the user profile image/name.
Important Links• Facebook: facebook.com/iceplatform• Twitter: @ice_platform• Site: https://atpsice.org

12Figure 1: A conceptual Framework of the ICE platform is as demonstrated below

The pending assignments of the platform include mapping of climate funding mechanism
module, design and management of climate partnership and networks, climate policy, additionof other language packs other than English, and styling the platform through design of an
attractive theme that is appealing to the eye!
The development of the ICE platform also put into consideration the General Data Protection
Rights (GDPR) of its users, a policy that became fully operational on 25th, May, 2018. Security
measures have been put in place to safeguard the site and user information. The site also uses
cookies for purposes of enhancing user experience with the platform (this option is displayed tothe user in the course of interaction with the site). There is an option, with directions, on how
to opt out of our mailing list, and security breaches that may require the attention of the user
are reported in less than 72 hours. For more information on the GDPR policy, kindly visit
https://www.eugdpr.org/
User groups so far accommodated on the platform include Super Moderators, Administrators,
Moderators, Registered, Users awaiting activation and the Banned group. Depending on theuser group one is cleared for, the privileges at stake include:• View• Post Threads• Post Replies• Post Polls

13

This platform will outlive this project and be applied beyond the time-frame of the project. We
also recognize that the continued functioning of ICE requires personnel to man the platform,
hence the project team will continue to liaise with the climate change community to maintain
operations and functionality of this virtual hub. This way, individuals and organizations that did
and did not participate in this amazing project will have the wonderful opportunity of being apart of the discussion on climate change using the ICE online platform. With this tool andothers, the battle on climate change will be ours to lose!
Questions and Discussions
A member asked if institutions for instance universities can have their websites back linked to
the ICE website with the aim of increasing the number of users in the site.
In his response, Mr Imulia, acknowledged the idea to be a noble one and added that the ATPS
network will liaise with relevant institutions with regard to their integration into the system.
He, however, elaborated that ICE, as is currently only permits for individual
registration/membership, but would work on a module that would incorporate groupmembership so as to make this possible.
From a marketing angle perspective, a delegate noted that the ICE platform website is a bit
technical for someone who is not tech-savvy to understand, and that the website was notaesthetically beautiful. The delegate further proposed that there is need to repackage its look
as well information available on the website and there is need for the public to know thebenefits of the site. She further asked on how the ICE platform will be able to compete withother global platforms after the PARIS agreement for instance the NDC partnership, P4G
marketing among others.
Mr Imulia responded by asking for a little patience as the platform was yet to be completed.
He told the delegates that he has been working to get the functionalities of the system right,
before embarking on the beauty of the platform, which he promised to work on in the coming
few weeks. On the issue of marketing, the developer absolved himself through admittance ofbeing so conversant with marketing concepts, but promised to work with other colleagues
within the network to repackage the information about the website in such a manner thatwould sell it to the users. With regard to how the ICE platform will compete against otherglobal platforms, ATPS executive director Dr Ozor said plans would be put in place to ensurethat the moderators and administrators of the platform are experts in the field of climatechange who would be able to gauge quality of content supplied. To be able to guarantee
quality, posts and threads will be first screened before allowing publication for public
viewing.
Participants will be enrolled to the ICE platform to share lessons, practices, contact
professions. The aim is to use the platform as a one-stop shop where people seeking
information on climate change e.g. need an expert develop to assist to help you. Somebody inthe platform will be able to assist you within Africa first then global.
A delegate congratulated the ATPS team for developing the ICE platform, she noted that it is agood platform to showcase African expertise in environmental matters.
14

A member inquired on what mechanism ATPS will use to ensure the quality of content that
goes in to the ICE platform is of good quality.
The ICE framework will have a manager who will be a qualified environmentalist and wellknowledgeable on climate change issues, the manager will ensure information is correct.
Additionally, information will pass through administrators, supper administrators, andmoderators before it is posted to the public.
Membership on the ICE platform will be institutional, mandatory commitment or individual
partnership.
A delegate asked to what extent have the users been involved in the designing process of the
ICE platform.
The ATPS Executive Director Dr. Nicholas Ozor responded to this by saying the idea had been
conceived on a need basis, and it was important to deploy the system for use first before
views of the user could be collected, which would now help further improvement of the
project.
A member asked on about the strategies in place to get the web application usable on mobile
devices.
The web application had been made in such a way that it was responsive and would behave
appropriately across multiple devices including desktop computers, tables, smartphones andothers. However, the web can only be access through a web browser using the domain nameof the website. However, there was an assurance that there were deliberate efforts to get amobile application version of the web application developed after full completion.
2.7 Analysis of Climate Information System
Presentation by Mr George Kabaka- ICPAC
To effectively deliver climate information, it is imperative to ensurethat appropriate functional institutional, technological, andorganizational arrangements are in place to generate, exchange, anddisseminate information nationally, regionally and globally. Establishinga well-structured/ organized climate information system (CIS) is critical
for the effective management of the complex flow of climate
information from data collectors to the end users. A fully functional CIS
aims to lessen the burden of climate information management forclimate information users to make management decisions. It comprises
a physical infrastructure of institutions, centers and computercapabilities, which together with competent human capacity assist in
the development, generation and distribution of a wide range of climate information products
and services to inform decision-making processes across a wide range of climate-sensitive
activities and enterprises. This module has been developed to expose participants to thecomplex nature of relationship between the generation of climate information and thestructures and systems that are put in place to ensure the generation and dissemination of15

accurate data for decision-making. It highlights the important contribution of CIS in enabling
better management of risks associated with climate change, and adaptation to climate change
at all levels, through development and incorporation of science-based climate information andprediction into planning, policy and practice. The analysis of a climate information system is a
step forward towards strengthening the application of climate knowledge in local, regional andglobal decision-making to support adaptation and mitigation practices.
The presentation looked at the climate information and services; the Global Framework for
Climate Services (GFCS) and how climate information services can be used in development
planning. Climate is typically one of many factors one must consider in development planning.
Climate information and services can provide valuable insight along the decision-making
process for instance, in the face of increasingly uncertain climate, achieving medium and longterm development objectives will increasingly depend on climate predictions and the use ofclimate information. Climate-smart development planning can also reduce the impacts ofclimate-related disasters, improve food security, enhance water resource management andbuild resilience.
Climate information refers to the collection and interpretation of observations of the actual
weather and climate as well as simulations of climate in both past and future periods while
climate information is the collection and interpretation of weather and climate data that iscredible, relevant and usable. Climate information services on the other hand, involve theprovision of climate information to assist individuals and organizations in decision making. They
can also be tools and processes that enable decision-makers and user communities to assess,and prevent or prepare for, potential impactful weather and climate events
Some of the global and regional initiatives and strategies require enhanced climate data sharing
and exchange include: the Sustainable development goals (SDGs), Sendai Framework for
Disaster Risk Reduction and the Paris Agreement on climate change.
Data value chain: Information flow that describes a series of steps needed to generate value
and useful insights from data. These steps includes: enhanced data discovery (e.g., capture,storage, organization), integration (e.g., visualization, access), and exploitation (e.g.,transformation, analysis, tailored products and services)
The key stakeholders in climate services include: users, providers, co-producers,
communicators, boundary organizations, enablers and partners. Other stakeholders come fromall GFCS priority areas and pillars and other interested stakeholders.

16Figure 2: Value chain linking climate knowledge to Action

Global Framework for Climate Services (GFCS)The World Climate Conference-3 (WCC-3) held in Geneva in 2009 unanimously decided toestablish a Global Framework for Climate Services (GFCS) to guide the development andapplication of science-based climate information and services in support of decision-making inclimate sensitive sectors. The role of GFCS is to coordinate, facilitate and strengthen
collaboration among institutions to avoid duplication of efforts. It is built through user–provider
partnerships that include all stakeholders.
The GFCS is an end-to-end system that uses observations, technology and scientificunderstanding as inputs for the development of climate services to meet user requirements.
GFCS is designed around five major components or ‘pillars’, User needs are met by each of thepillars as follows: User Interface Platform (Users can make their voices heard through the Platform andmake sure climate services are relevant to their needs) Climate Services Information System (The production and distribution system forclimate data and information products that address user needs)
 Observations and Monitoring (The essential infrastructure for generating the necessary
climate data) Research, Modelling and Prediction (To advance the science needed for improved
climate services that meet user needs)17 Capacity Development (To support the systematic development of the institutions,infrastructure and human resources needed for effective climate services)
Figure 3: Role of the Global Framework for Climate Services and its component pillars

The scope and thrusts of the GFCS include five initial priority areas namely: agriculture and foodsecurity; disaster risk reduction; energy; health, and water.
Characteristics of an effective Climate Producta) Resolution - The resolution of climate information products greatly affects how they canbe understood and interpreted. Resolution by the temporal and spatial scales which
may range from global to local). Temporal scales may range from monthly, to seasonalto geological.
b) Accuracy - The accuracy of weather forecasts has improved over time and today there isa reasonably accurate forecast of the weather in a particular location for up to 7 days inadvance. Climate simulations, models and scenarios are simplified representations of
the future climate and provide information on possible climate impacts.
c) Relevance - Different climate variables are relevant for different sectors and users.
Climate information needs to be aligned with user needs and priorities, hence ofpractical application to decision makers, communities and other stakeholders.
d) Accessibility - Climate information is often highly technical. To be utilized, it needs to beaccessible and easy to interpret by its target users.
e) Cost effectiveness - Achieve long-term objectives with limited resources in the shortterm.

18

Uses of Climate Information
In the agricultural field, climate information can be used during pesticide and herbicide
applications, fertilizer management, farm and irrigation management; Plant and animal pest
and disease control strategies and crop selection. Weather and climate sensitive decisions in
the agriculture and food security value chains for instance, decisions on whether to export andimport of agricultural inputs and products; Identification of extreme weather and climate
hazards that pose risks to agriculture and food security; Identification of populations vulnerable
to weather and climate hazards; and Regulation and laws.
In Disaster Risk Reduction (DRR), there are six priority categories of activities that related to
products and services by NMHSs, and promote widespread implementation of programmes andinitiatives that incorporate climate information and services.
In the energy sector Energy, the main focus areas are in the Identification & Resource
Assessment, Impact assessments (incl. infrastructure and environment), Site Selection &Financing, Operations & Maintenance and Energy Integration.
There have been on-going efforts in the health sector which have helped built experience,learning, and a community of practice to expand upon improving health related issues. Notable
examples include: Heat-health and cold-health early warning systems, including development
and use of climate indices relevant to health outcomes; Early warning systems for vector andwater borne diseases such as malaria, rift valley fever, plague, water borne diseases andmeningitis; and Air quality, pollens and allergens, ultra-violet radiation and their impacts onhuman health, especially in cities;
In this context, NMHSs can provide a range of services to support decisions by water managers
that include: identification of extreme weather and climate hazards that pose water-relatedrisks; identification of populations vulnerable to weather and climate hazards, including thosein the coastal zone; implementation of risk management and emergency preparedness
practices and procedures; development and implementation of water and environmental
policy; and development and implementation of water and flood management policies andstrategies.
Questions and Discussion
A delegate inquired whether the provision of capacity building services is only in ICPAC member
countries or it can extend to other countries. ICPAC’s primary focus on capacity building is at
the 11 member countries, however with good donor funding there may be arrangements toextend capacity building to other countries.
Another delegate commented that there is a lot of climate information at the national howeveraccessing the same information at the grassroot level is difficult because they are few weather
stations additionally the climate information websites available have limited the information
available to the public. In order to ensure climate information reach people there is need for
ICPAC to integrate some of its programs with the County governments because they provide alarge resource in disseminating information and they are directly in touch with citizens. In
19addition, capacity building programs should also be included in the planning processes ofcounty governments in order to mainstream climate information services, if the programs arecaptured in the planning stage it becomes easier to implement them.
Climate change information is required by everybody, a member proposed on the use IT tosegment the different users for the purpose of their different needs for instance, the training
modules can be made available to different stakeholders depending on their interests’ in orderto access climate data/information.
The ICPAC team pointed that they have not yet fully implemented the use of the MRV system
which involves effective measurement, reporting and verification; and they are considering
including it in their programs. In regards to the accuracy of climate information provided by
ICPAC reported that the percentage of accuracy of the forecast provided is about 80% as perverification and assessment. The forecast are probability based however, long terms
projections are actually scenarios (a possible outcome for the future) an understanding theuncertainties associated with the generation of climate scenario is necessary in theinterpretation and use of climate projections.
One delegate was concerned that meteorological institutions have no relevance in the rural
areas because of the method of communication they have adopted over the years. He gave acase study of Nigeria where the meteorological department announces in the media thatpeople living along the coast should vacate yet there is no clear definition of a coast given or
which community should vacate which areas. There is need for information to be given to the
public in a concrete manner so that it can be used well. Giving forecast is a first step and thenext one is taking action, which involves the disaster management and taking action.
The moderator and the chair of the afternoon session were Prof Okwueze and Hon Samuel
Onuigbo respectively took over for the afternoon session. The session involved discussions
around climate policy analysis and policy making.
2.8 Climate policy analysis and policy making
Presented by Mr Alfred Nyambane, Research Officer-ATPS
Reducing vulnerability and fostering a food‐secure Africa throughstrengthening the capacities of African countries’ to understand anddeploy appropriate climate information and best practices to inform
decision-making and support development planning is now a priority.
Some African countries have developed policies that attempt to tackle
environmental issues including climate change but still face serious
challenges in implementing them. Some of the reasons documented
include: lack of capacity in implementation or poorly developed
policies or both. As part of this project outputs, ATPS has developed amodule that provides clear guidance in the development of climate
specific policies across the various sectors (Click here to access the module). It targets
policymakers, practitioners and scientists working in various sectors that are affected by20

climate change in the continent. The module aims to establish a conducive environment forbuilding competence and competitiveness of African nations to achieve highest added value,
efficiency, and productivity in the delivery of goods and services through the use of climate
science and knowledge. In conducting climate policy analysis, the key issues that will be
addressed include:• What are the basic needs, strengths and resources of the nation?
• How can climate science support adaptation and mitigation and sustain a country’s
material base and wealth?
• In which sectors and in what order should a country stake it’s financial and otherresources to promote climate adaptation and mitigation?
• What are the country’s most urgent priority areas that are under the eminent threat ofclimate change?
• How can climate policy informed by climate science assist the country to rationalize thescarce resources and balance its socio economic imperatives?
The module covers vital areas which are presented as units including:i) Overview of the climate policy process;ii) Overview of necessary tools to ensure a successful climate policymaking (datagathering, policy mapping, context assessment, issues in research to policy uptake,effective communication tools, etc.);iii) Institutional aspects of climate policymaking in Africa (institutional arrangements for
successful climate policy formulation, key sectors to consider in climate policy and theinteractions between them);iv) Public engagement in climate policy formulation; Stages in climate policy formulation;andv) Monitoring and evaluation in climate policymaking.
Questions and discussion
After the presentation was made delegates asked various questions concerning the module. Of
particular interest from the delegates was the use of the terms climate policy vis a vis climatechange policy. Some of the delegates felt that the module should have a title that addresses thechallenge of climate change rather that the climate system which cannot be changed. Other
delegates were of the opinion that climate policy encompasses both policies that influence thefunctioning of the climate information system and those that relate to climate change(Adaptation, mitigation and resilience). It was unanimously agreed that the modules shouldhave a section with customized definition of the key concepts used.
There were further discussions regarding laws and policies. It was made clear that a policy is
not a law. However the policy can be drafted and captured in a way that the law is embedded
in it.
Group Work and Presentations
The delegates were divided into three groups to discuss various topics relating to climate policy
making and analysis. Each group was given up to 30 minutes to discuss the topics provided. The
groups would later present their findings to other delegates present during the workshop.
21

The first group discussed the best practices in Monitoring and Evaluation (M&E) that will ensure
effective implementation of climate policy across different sectors and also explained whyevidence based policy making is critical and the short-comings. They started by providing thebest practices which included:• Data generation- Collection of different types of data was seen as very critical in M&E.
The various tools for data collection need to be developed and proper orientation doneto the staff involved in this process to ensure accurate capturing of data.
• Defining indicators- Clear indicators need to be developed and shared with the team in
the M&E plan. The indicators should be robust enough to capture every aspect being
monitored in order to ensure efficiency of data capturing.
• Information sharing- It was also seen as necessary to always share information to therelevant stakeholders as soon as it is collected. This practice will enable the stakeholders
to promptly make decision from a point of information rather than relying on
speculation.
• Impact Evaluation- Periodic evaluation of the M&E plans should be conducted in linewith the changes that may occur. This activity is aimed at revising the plan based on the
new circumstances.
• Timeframe evaluation- Specific time frames should be set for the M&E plans when theyneed to be evaluated. The evaluation should not be randomized as ample time for
implementation is required to gauge efficiency and effectiveness of the plans.
With regard to the importance of evidence –based policy making, it was noted that it allows forreferencing and verification locally hence making its adoption easy and widely accepted.
Evidence based policy making is end-user oriented and therefore very effective. It also leads tochanges in framework for monitoring and evaluation making it precise and targeted. However,there are some shortcomings of evidence based policy making which include: concerns of ahuge disconnect between science and policy application, lack of a systematic data collection
processes and most often unconducive political environment which leads to biasness in
adoption.
Group two was tasked to discuss who among the stakeholders should initiate the climate policy
dialogue and who should keep the conversation going and to provide the reasons why. The
group identified the following as key stakeholders in the process:• Civil society• Academia• Development partners• Law makers• Public sector• Private sector• Government (ministries)• International actors• Collaborative effort• Socially empowered grassroots’ people
22

It was informed that every stakeholder has a crucial part to play in the process, these responses
were based on the dynamics in some countries. The actors have different strengths in different
countries. The civil societies are very strong in some countries while in others you find thegovernments very strong. Some countries even have individuals who have strong personalities
and are able to initiate dialogue through social media and other platforms. To keep theconversation going, you find that activists, strong personalities and role models are able todrive the conversations. The civil society plays a very strong role in keeping conversations
going. However, you also find strong governments keeping conversations going or eveninitiating these conversations. All these depend on the dynamics of the country.
The third group worked on how climate policy instruments can be utilized to strengthen therole of institutions in ensuring effective implementation of climate policy. Some of the policy
instruments identified include:• Taxation and budgeting –through taxing certain services that contribute to greenhouseemissions therefore discouraging such businesses and at the same time promoting
efficient production systems that have close to zero emissions. More can as well be put
in ventures that are green.
• Education (School curriculum revision) and Advocacy- information is key in promoting
climate policy implementation. The higher the number of people reached by the
information the higher the chances of success in implementation of the policies.
• Incentives and disincentives- e.g. banks reducing interest rates for farmers for taking
loans to set up biogas equipment• Licensing and approval processes- Licenses can be issued in order to control certain
activities. This may include issuance of licenses for harvesting wood in government
forests therefore ensuring control. A good approval process should also be installed toensure close control of sensitive projects and proper utilization of natural resources.
• Market instruments – These are also very effective. These may include pricing of goods
and services, introduction of taxes on commodities and services among others.
• Payments for ecosystem services- People and organizations utilizing natural resourcesor benefiting from ecosystem services are made to pay for conservation efforts of such
resources.
• Laws and legislations- Laws and legislation targeting climate action should be enacted
and implemented to the latter.
• Strengthening the capacity of institutions- bodies responsible for implementing climate
policies are supported and strengthened to be able to perform their role properly.
• Availing resources- More resources can be availed to support actions that will promoteclimate change adaptation and resilience
The fourth group tackled the aspect of the important of engaging the public in the process ofclimate policy making and analysis. The public include end users of the products. Usually thepolicy dialogue is dominated by researchers/scientists, policy makers and sometimes the NGOs.
The involvement of the public is important since they are the most affected by the policies andthey are the ones who determine the success or failure of the policies.

233. MAPPING CLIMATE FUNDING, FORESIGHT STUDIES AND CLIMATE SCIENCECOMMUNICATION
Day two of the climate change dialogue and training workshop was chaired by Mr Ralph
Kaufmann, a private sector actor and moderated by Prof Michael Madukwe, from the
University of Nigeria, Nsukka.
3.1 Mapping of Climate Funding and Mechanisms
Presented by Mrs Khaoula Jaoui- OSS
At the global and regional levels, we are witnesses to theestablishment of funds for climate change projects. The challenge formany countries and institutions is the lack of capacity and requisiteknowledge on how to access these climate funds. OSS developed amodule that covers vital areas in the mapping of climate funding
including, sources of funds for specific research priority areas,
eligibility issues, geographical interests, strategies and mechanisms foraccessing funds in the short, medium and long term, and mostimportantly identifying funding suitability for climate change priority
development projects. By using this module it is expected that’s the capacity of countries will
be strengthened on how to access global funding for climate projects. Institutions and countries
will be able to identify appropriate funding sources for climate change projects aimed at
supporting adaptation and mitigation initiatives.
The training module aims to support African national actors to master the concepts related toclimate finance, to strengthen their knowledge on its global architecture and thus increase thechances of mobilizing climate finance.
Why this training module is importanto Climate change threatens global prosperity and development;o Need of aggressive Mitigation actions to reduce global carbon emissions andAdaptation measures for vulnerable countries;o African countries like most developing countries actively engaged in researching,defining and applying strategies for adaptation and mitigation;o Several global frameworks and Funds established to support developing countries(UNFCCC, Paris Agreement, GCF, etc.);o Africa share of climate finance is less than 5% in 2016 (source: Climate Policy Initiative)
Challengeso Multitude of climate funds: in the framework of the UNFCCC, bilateral, multilateral or
privateo Complexity of access to these funds
o Barrier of language for non-English speaking countries
o Climate funds requirements: good knowledge of funds procedures and technicalcapacities to develop bankable projects
o Reinforcing African countries to increase their share of climate funds
24Consensus definition of Climate Finance, according to the Standing Committee on Finance - SCF:
“Climate finance aims at reducing emissions, and enhancing sinks of greenhouse gases and aims
at reducing vulnerability of, and maintaining and increasing the resilience of, human andecological systems to negative climate change impacts.”
According to the UNFCCC agreement, Climate Finance must be:o Mobilised by developed countries;o provided to developing country Parties, taking into account the urgent and immediateneeds of those who are particularly vulnerable to the negative effects of CC;o balanced allocation between adaptation and mitigation;o involved in a transparency context; ando increased new and additional, predictable and adequate.
Mrs Khaoula focused on two funds in her presentation: The Adaptation Fund and the Green
ClimateFund.
Detailsofthat
presentationcanbeaccessedfromhttps://drive.google.com/open?id=1n6fb1HLM4pb1ysG1mIb_p5oCL9zjYO1O.
Figure 4: Global climate finance architecture25

Figure 5: Distribution of Climate finance91%
Mitigation

9%
Adaptation

•
•
•
•

Renewable energy generation
Energy efficiency in industry and buildings
Sustainable transport
AFOLU and livestock management

•
•
•
•
•

Water supply management
Climate Resilient Infrastructures
Coastal protection
Disaster Risk Reduction
AFOLU and natural resources management

The Adaptation Fund
The Adaptation Fund (AF) was established in 2001 and became operational in 2010 to financeconcrete adaptation projects and programmes in developing country Parties to the Kyoto
Protocol that are particularly vulnerable to the adverse effects of climate change. The AF isfinanced with a share of proceeds from the clean development mechanism (CDM) project
activities and other sources of funding. The share of proceeds amounts to 2 per cent of certified
emission reductions (CERs) issued for a CDM project activity. Since 2010 Adaptation projects
funded in more than 76 countries to nearly $ 477 million USD. AF complements other financial
mechanisms established under the UNFCCC:
 Least Developed Countries Fund
 Special Climate Change Fund Green Climate Fund.
The Green Climate FundThe Green Climate Fund (GCF) was formally established in 2010 under the UN Framework
Convention on Climate Change with a mission to support the goal of keeping climate change
below 2 degrees Celsius. The Fund provides support to developing countries to help limit or
reduce their greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions and adapt to climate change. Eligible countries
include developing countries, parties to the Kyoto Protocol, countries particularly vulnerable tothe negative effects of climate change (SID, LDCs, African countries). The supported measures
include adaptation and mitigation projects and the access modalities is direct, regional andmultilateral access.
26

Figure 6: GCF Business model

Questions and Discussion
A delegate on the eligibility process required while applying for various funds presented
especially for those who are not signatories to the Kyoto Protocol. It was informed that eachfund has its own eligibility requirements and specific focus area and result areas. Anotherdelegate asked about the greenhouse emission target to reduce temperatures by 20C. It was
informed that there are indicators provided in the website in terms of tonnes of greenhousegases required to be reduced to achieve the target.
3.2 Foresight Studies and Research Priority Setting in Climate Science and Policymaking
Presented by Dr Chidi Magnus- President, Sustainable Energy Practitioners Association of
Nigeria (SEPAN)
In order to deal with the challenges associated with development
trends, a new culture of future-oriented thinking is needed. Thisapplies also to climate information and climate policymaking processes,
which can be assisted by foresight in various ways. Foresight stresses
the possibility of different futures (or future states) to emerge, as
opposed to the assumption that there is an already given,
predetermined future, and hence highlights the opportunity of shaping
our futures (Havas et al, 2010). Foresight studies when applied toclimate issues helps to: evaluate current policy priorities as well as
potential new policy directions; see how the impact of possible policy
decisions may combine with other developments; inform, support and link policymaking in and27

across a range of sectors; identify future directions, emerging climate risks and opportunities,
new societal demands and challenges as well as anticipate future developments, disruptive
events, risks and opportunities. These scenarios form the key topics under this module.
Research priority setting determines the prospects not only for scientific, but also socioeconomic development. The module covers five criteria for ranking research priority areas(Click here to access the module). These are:• appropriateness that includes ethical and moral issues, availability of pre-existingclimate data, and cultural acceptability;• relevance that includes equity focus and community focus, the size of the problem, andcontributions to the national and sector objectives;• feasibility which embraces capacity of the system to support the research, financial andhuman resources available, and cultural/political environment; impact of researchoutcome which includes opportunity to implement the research, use of the research
results, link of the research to policy decisions, and overall reduction of the problem,
including cost; and• opportunity to strengthen collaboration with partners which includes presence of
capable partners, availability of partner infrastructure and resources, possibility that
potential partners will collaborate to undertake the research, and possibility of greater
research outcome with partner involvement (Sylvia et al., 2015).
Dr Chidi defined foresight studies as processes of anticipation that identifies opportunities andthreats which may arise in mid-to long-term versions of the future. As a way of thinking,foresight also encourages innovation, strategic evaluation and proactive shaping of the future.
Where traditional planning has sought to prevent failures, foresight prioritizes resilience
namely early detection and fast recovery. It allows organization and stakeholder network to
identify the long-term trends which are likely to form their operating environment; as well as
actions which are ‘robust’ across all of the scenarios (that is have a positive or neutral effect),‘tipping points’ or inflection points (whereby the levels at which the momentum for change
outcome look unstoppable) which will have a significant effect on the operating environment.
Foresight studies provides a broad view to be taken of a sector or strategic issues and alsoenable practitioners to relate their sector to wider competitive set, rather than looking
narrowly at their own industry; it also enables a system based view to underpin discussions
about the future, making connections between different interventions and priorities, whichhelps both to identify unintended consequences and also the ‘leverage point’ which might
create large effects through intervention; and the practice ensures the creation and exchangeof shared knowledge between stakeholders. Foresight studies are effectively implemented
through Scenario planning process which is a long term strategy and policy implementation
tool. It is about generating narratives of the future to imagine how the world may evolve andwhat problems, challenges and opportunities could occur. They are useful long-term planning
tools for anticipation and preparation for plausible, possible, probable and desired futures. This
process includes:• Agreement on project question (to define scope);• Identification of long list of relevant ‘drivers of change’;• Prioritization of drivers and filtering for levels of importance and uncertainty;• Identification of scenario axes (based on ‘critical uncertainties’);
28

•
•
•

Development of scenarios;
Testing of scenarios for robustness, and fuller development of scenario narratives; andExploration of strategic implications of scenarios.

This is in contrast to “Forecasting” which creates a narrow view of the future its predictions inlong term forecasting and has increasingly become discredited because most of the predictions
have proved to be incorrect.
There is no doubt that governments have increasingly realized that few contemporary
challenges can be confined to one policy area and a single-issue focus is in many instanceinsufficient. Climate change (the main crux of the matter in the training module) for instance,crosscuts other issues of concern including access to water, agriculture, food security, energy,
and urban planning. Information silos common in highly decentralized and bureaucraticorganizations can hinder the ‘whole- picture’ perspectives. This presents a further challenge forpolicy makers tasked with formulating strategies and policies that effectively addressinterconnected and interdependent problems. In an increasingly complex and rapidly changing
world, the value of future thinking and foresight programmes as long term planning tools in
strategic policy making and implication for sustainable development especially in African
context cannot be over emphasized.
Figure 7: Foresights Studies Cycle

Scanning

Implementing

Understanding

Interpreting

29a) Horizon Scanning
It involves looking across the future landscape taking a broad view, to identify over all changes
which are likely in the external and internal environments. In other words, scanning look at
trends and drivers that are shaping the world including those within and outside a given
context. The main function of futurist here is to collect knowledge about the future, specificallycurrent knowledge that could have influence on the future or ‘insight’. Though horizon scanningthat is both wide and deep, it produces a pool of insights that form one big knowledge baseabout the future.
b) Understanding
It involves making connection between these drivers of change to understand how different
trends connect or collide, to construct the landscape in which an industry sector or organization
will be operating.
c) Interpreting and Formulating versions of the Future
It is the application of a combination of techniques and practices such as identify weak signals,
or emerging strategic issues, casual layered analysis, wild card exercises, participatory method,road mapping, scenario planning, etc.
d) Development /Implementation of Strategic Options for Action
It involves the actions required to respond effectively to the challenges identified.

30

What is Systems Thinking?
Systems-thinking is a complex science requiring one to organize opportunities within a system
to intervene, make impact and these interventions are known as leverage points. To elaborateon this, Dr Chidi facilitated a participatory exercise (Random picking play-and dancing) where
delegates were given pieces of papers with written numbers. Each of the numbers represented
a step in systems thinking. The steps are given below:
1. Get the beat: Before you disturb the systems in any way watch out how it behaves
2. Listen to the wisdom of the system: Aid and encourage the forces and structures that
help the system run itself.
3. Explore your mental models to the open air: Remember that everything you know, andeverything everyone knows is only a model to be subjected to peer-review.
4. Stay humble. Stay a learner: Systems thinking reminds us how incomplete our mental
models are, how complex the world is and how much we don’t know. We must learn by
experiment-by trial and error, error, error( apologies to Buckminster Fuller)
5. Honour and Protect Information: A decision maker can’t respond to information he or
she doesn’t have and can’t respond to information that is inaccurate.
6. Locate Responsibility in a System: Intrinsic responsibility means that the system isdesigned to send feedback about the consequences of decision making and quickly andcompelling to decision makers.
7. Make a feedback Policies for feedback systems: A dynamic, self –adjusting systemcannot be governed by a static, unending policy.
8. Pay attention to what is important, not just what is quantifiable: Do not be stopped by‘if you can define it, measure it’. But no one can precisely measure the all-importantjustice, security, freedom, truth and love.
9. Go for the good of the whole: Don’t maximize parts of the systems or subsystems while
ignoring the whole. Don’t go to the great trouble of optimization (extrapolation). Aim toenhance the total systems properties such as creativity, stability, diversity, resilienceand sustainability.
10. Expand your Horizon: In a tricky, curving, unknown, surprising, obstacle- strewn path,
you need to be watching both the short and long term-the whole system.
11. Expand your Thought Horizon: Defy the disciplines and what you think you are expert
at, follow a system where it leads. It will be sure to lead across traditional disciplinarylines.
12. Expand the Boundary of Caring: It will not be possible in this integrated world for yourheart to succeed if your lungs fail and for Europe to succeed and Africa fails. These aremoral lessons of caring.
13. Celebrate Complexity: The universe is messy. It is non-linear, turbulent and chaotic. It
organizes and evolves. It creates diversity and not uniformity. That’s what makes theworld beautiful and interesting. There is something in human mind that is attracted tomathematical, straight lines and not curves, to whole numbers and not fractions, touniformity and not diversity, to certainties and not mystery (uncertainties).
14. Hold Fast to the goal of Goodness: Public discourse is full of cynicism. It is much easier
to talk about hate than to talk about love. Don’t weigh the bad news heavily than thegood and keep standards absolute313.3 Effective Climate Science Communication
Presented by Mr Tinni Seydou- ARC
Mr Tinni Seydou started his presentation by providing definition of key
concepts such as climate, Weather, Climate change, climate Variability,
Climate system and scenarios, adaptation, mitigation, vulnerability,
resilience among others. Understanding these concepts is key toeffective climate science communication. The rationale for developing
an effective climate science communication strategy is supported by
Sustainable Development Goal (SDG) 13: “Take urgent action to tackle
climate change and its impacts”. The module covers effective
communication with all stakeholders; effective methods ofcommunicating climate information; and the implementation ofresearch programmes to maximize impact on policy and development; and effective
engagement with the media to improve public and policy discourse on climate change.
Critical questions that will guide this module include:• What are the climate information to communicate (Objective)?
• Who is the target audience (Audience)?
• What is the message of communication?
• Is the message for multiple audiences or multiple messages for multiple audiences(Message)?
• What kinds of communication products best capture and deliver the messages (Tools
and products)?
• What channels will be used to promote and disseminate the products (Channels)?
• What communications skills and hardware do one have (Resources)?
• What is your timeline? What opportunities might arise (Timing)?
• How will one know when the communication work is successful?
• What will have changed? How can one assess whether one used the right tools(Feedback)?
But how can climate information help to minimize negative impacts and maximize positive
impacts on our activities? For any climate communication activity, there is a need to define: Basic resources of the activity
 Major climate risks on resources Sub-activities that contribute to the achievement of the activity
 Information requirements (operational / strategic) to: minimize negative impacts
 maximize positive impacts
 The best channels to transmit information: operational strategic

32

Figure 8: Effective Communication of Climate Science

1.

Understanding the climate and its links to development

2. Majors Trends of Current and Future Climate at Global andLocal levels and Impacts
3. Climate services

4. Dissemination of climate information

5. Integrate climate into monitoring and evaluation systems
Figure 8 above shows the ideal steps in effective climate science communication however,every step has its challenges given the context in each of the African countries. These areclearly elaborated in the comprehensive training module and the detailed presentation that canbe found here.
Questions and Discussions
A question was asked by one of the delegates as to who the module is targeted for and thefacilitator promptly responded by giving policy makers, scientists and practitioners as the main
targets for the module.
Delegates also asked about the efforts made towards downscaling data and making it easier for
farmers and other users to contextualize and utilize it. Mr Seydou explained that there havebeen efforts to reach farmers with translated information through extension officers however,
he noted that those aspects are covered in another module or the climate change adaptation
toolkit.
Another delegate suggested that a module on indigenous knowledge should be developed toallow utilization of these critical traditional methods to support climate change adaptation.
As part of the participatory activity, delegates were divided into two groups. The first was given
images depicting various issues of climate variation, climate change adaptation, resilience andother critical terminologies. Delegates had to relate the photos with the key terms as well asclearly define and give differences of the terms.
33

The other group was asked to identify gaps and needs to improve climate information andservices. In the group presentation, it was noted that climate information services involve many
stakeholders, with various needs and various outputs. In most of the countries, National
Meteorological and Hydrological Services are the key providers of climate information. CIS
needs are in areas such as:• Data- Access to data that enhance development of climate information services islimited. The station network in is usually scarce and in some areas not representative tothe local needs. There is need to improve the climate station network and promote
data sharing and access• Information availability Effective climate information system ensures usability of
information, and for information to be usable it has to be available and accessible.
Some of the information does not well reflect the needs of the users to make informed
decision.
• Quality control and user oriented information- There is need to develop and avail useroriented climate information and product through a co-production principle and user
engagement. There is need to ensure quality control of the climate information services
and product through establishment of standards, and through establishment of
coordination framework and platform for climate information.
• Infrastructure- Climate information system involves contribution of various
stakeholders working together. Need for platform for interaction among all stakeholders
and that which can promote communication of climate information.
• Capacity- Delivery of climate information system is hindered by various capacity
limitations in:o Human resource capacity especially in the field of information technology, data
analysis and management, and research.
o Technological resource capacity is limited especially through limitation incomputing data collection, and communication.
o Financial resources-Effective implementation of climate service require financial
resources, limited financing hinders the promotion and development of CIS.

34

4. PARTNERSHIPS, NETWORKING AND CLIMATE CHANGE ADAPTATION AND DIALOGUE
The third day of the training workshop and dialogue was dedicated to discussing aspects ofpartnerships, networking in climate change adaptation. The day’s activities were moderated by
Dr Nicholas Ozor and chaired by Mr Chuma Ikenze.
4.1 Design and Management of Climate Partnerships and Networks
Presented by Mr Degelo Sendabo-RCMRD
The skill to effectively design and manage partnerships and networks
for effective climate information and decision-making in Africa is often
neglected especially with regard to climate change adaptation andmanagement. A training module that aims at building the capacity ofparticipants to understand and apply knowledge in designing andmanaging partnerships for the generation, analysis and dissemination ofclimate information has been developed. It is meant to suit theimmediate and future needs of a particular African country. It explores
partnership and networking strategies between and amongst
institutions and countries that enhance adaptation and mitigation
planning and implementation. Overall, this will enable the stakeholders to increase
opportunities for climate research-policy-practice linkages which will not only lead to the
conducting of demand-driven researches on climate change issues to generate climate data andinformation, but also to translate them into evidence-based policies and programmes tosupport adaptation and mitigation.
The underlying theory of change here is that the training package will lead to climate projects
and programmes that:• are better aligned with national development needs;• provide evidence that is scientifically robust and credible; and• are more effectively communicated to policy and private sector stakeholders.
This in turn will lead to the effective translation of research evidence into development
interventions and policies. This Module is based on the following general assumptions andfacts:• Climate change has different actors in different sectors who can play different roles• There are many classified resourceful stakeholders in the area of climate change• Equipping all stakeholders on climate change related issues networking can be helpful
for planning and decision making• Motivating the stakeholders on the cooperation and partnerships will be helpful formutual benefits• There is duplication of efforts by many actors because they do not have good
networking among the stakeholders.

35Figure 9: A complex network of Actors of Climate ChangeGroup work and presentation
Group-1 Identify all actors in a country in different levels
National Level• Government Ministries (Relevant ministries; water, environment, agriculture)• Technical departments/Agencies (Meteorological departments, directorates of water
resource management, national environmental agencies)• Regulatory departments/oversights (climate change directorate)• Research/technical institutions• Non-state actors (Private sector, NGOs, civil society)
Local government• Local government actors• Non-state actors (NGOs, civil society, CBOs, private sectors)• Representatives of the local communities

36

Regional Level• Intergovernmental/Regional organizations (IGAD)• Regional economic blocks
Group two was tasked to find alternative approaches to develop the Climate Change
stakeholder’s partnership. The group came up with the following:• Purpose of partnership - to add value to individual efforts (civil society, local
government, private organizations, researchers, farmer organizations, CBOs, Media,
chamber of commerce).
• What value - Voice, advocacy, inform, exchange information between the stakeholders,resource lobbying/mobilization.
• All stakeholders to have climate change on their agenda and meet with each other insituations where networks already exist.
• Depoliticize the climate change dialogue, such that once regimes change the dialogue
continues.
• Having autonomous national, regional networks of climate change stakeholders.
• Convince businesses and business groups that green business is profitable and goodbusiness. This will assist in resource mobilization. At present the engagement withbusiness partners is minimal.
Group three worked on approaches of developing a policy that can reduce duplication of efforts
and establishment of climate change forum in a national and local level. Some of theapproaches of developing a policy to reduce duplication of efforts in addressing climate change
are provided below. Duplication of efforts leads to wastage of resources; time, money, humanresources climate issues are interdisciplinary and multidisciplinary.
• Establish and robust legal and policy framework which establish a central
coordination unit: Setting up good governance structures (Bottom –Up approach);clear mandate for all stakeholders.
• Database: Mapping of institutions/actors and their specific areas of focus.
• Communication: Establish platforms for sharing information; conferences, meeting,newsletters, social media, knowledge centers, joint activities and research• Ensure participation of all stakeholders in policy formulation and implementation
Steps of establishment of a foruma) Mapping of actors: their strength, weaknesses, size, location, sector of focusb) Decide of the effective platform for all stakeholders: Annual conferences; media
platform-radio, mobile phones; community meetings; collaborative projects andactivitiesc) Participatory processes in project development and implementation: appreciatedifferent sources of information including citizen science37

4.2 Climate change Adaptation toolkit
Presented by Dr Philip Osano- SEI Africa
The project has conducted one pilot case study in Nigeria. The otherone will be conducted in Kenya. The aim is to develop a robust
adaptation toolkit using information from the case studies to support
adaptation planning and policymaking. The climate adaptation toolkit
developed by the Stockholm Environment Institute (SEI-Africa) will be
adapted to help the selected countries navigate the evolving
architecture of climate information and opportunities for adaptation.
Effective adaptation and climate-resilient development in selected
countries is predicated on proper access to climate information,
financial, technological and human resources (IPCCC, 2014). Adaptation needs will likely begreater in developing regions such as Africa and the failure to implement early adaptation insuch countries will have disproportionate impacts on their vulnerability in the period after 2020
(UNEP, 2014). Evidence from the selected project countries suggests that responses of local
communities to the impacts of extreme climatic events have mostly been reactive instead ofproactive due to their unpreparedness and lack of appropriate adaptation tools. Recent
assessments by the SEI-Africa and other partner institutions reveal the demand for climate
adaptation tools to meet the needs of local communities in several African countries. In 2009, a
study on vulnerability and adaptation assessment in Gambia in Banjul old town conducted byEnvironment Development Action in the Third World (ENDA-TM) highlighted the need toenhance local capacities in the understanding of climate variability and change to better
respond to its adverse effects. One key component in responding to this need was the creation
and access to user-friendly tools which could assist local communities to make climate
adaptation decisions. From 2011 to 2012, ENDA-TM in collaboration with the SEI-Africa
developed a toolkit for vulnerability and adaptation which was successfully tested and refinedfor use by local researchers and adaptation practitioners.
The results of the pilot study and application of the adaptation should be one of the key
advocacy tools for mainstreaming the importance of building climate adaptation and resilience
into national and sectoral plans. It will also provide opportunities to build onto the earlier
outputs of the various adaptation programmes undertaken on the continent. The tools are notprescriptive, intrusive or exhaustive, but aim to provide practical and technical solutions,
including identifying and supporting adaptation as a national priority, among others. The main
outcome of this component will be an improved capacity of climate stakeholders including
policymakers, climate scientists, extension agents and farmers to use climate information foradaptation planning and development decision-making.
Dr Osano in his presentation noted that there are many versions of Toolkits for promoting
adaptation. SEI’s toolkit developed to support adaptation planning at the community level. It
consists of 7 “steps” – each of which can be applied or used independently depending on needs
and context. The aim is to have an explicit link to policy – higher levels of decision making andsensitivity to scale of application.
38

Adaptation Toolkit Components• Resource Mapping- This tool helps to identify or set boundaries to the area you will assess and

•

•

•

•

•

•

maps out available biophysical resources and their spatial distribution. The output is a map showing
the study area, available resources and the geographical distribution and the identification of key
factors that shape the relationships between the social actors and the biophysical resources.
Capacity and Asset Mapping- This tool identifies various capacities, skills and assets in thecommunity/stakeholder group/project site that could be further strengthened. The output is agraphic overview of the available capacities, skills and assets.
Trend Analysis and Historical Disturbance Profile- This tool helps identify climate related
events that have affected the area in the past, either positively or negatively, as a basis forunderstanding current vulnerability. The output is a timeline and a table showing and describing
past events/disturbances at the site, the consequences and the coping strategies.
Current Vulnerability Mapping- This tool helps to establish the degree and range of impacts ofdifferent climate hazards on resources, people, livelihoods and social groups. The output is a picture
showing the main climatic hazards that have affected the area/site and who/what is affected and towhat degree.
Climate Change Perceptions- This tool assess the community perception of climate change. It
helps bring out and make explicit what local people view as being the drivers and consequences ofclimate variability and change. The output is a narrative of varying views on the dynamics of theclimate change phenomenon so that these can be further discussed and compared with theavailable scientific data/information.
Participatory Scenario Building and Back-casting- This tool aids community members to planfor the future and make adaptation decisions based on their past experiences, current capacity andavailable assets, and the vision and goals they have for the future. The output is a consensus view on
possible adaptation options drawing on historical experience and current capacity but with explicit
focus on how things might develop into the future.
Adaptation Screening/ Adaptation Decision Explorer (ADx) - ADx is an adaptation decision
tool to screen adaptation options. Users are able to select several methods to select the mostappropriate and widely preferable adaptation options for their site/locality. The output is a subset
of identified adaptation options that can be prioritized for implementation because they satisfy
multiple criteria and preferences.

Questions and discussion
It was noted that this adaptation toolkit provides a good linkage to the foresights training
module especially with regard to scenario building. An issue on how indigenous knowledge has
been included in the adaptation toolkit and how some of the information can be translated andused locally across Africa was also raised. It was informed that the toolkit incorporates all theknowledge with regard to climate change adaptation particularly indigenous knowledge.
Translation and customization for use is also necessary and that why resource persons will be
required to facilitate this.
There was an overwhelming support and interest in the use of the LandInfo mobile app as atool that can be used in building resilience and adapting to the adverse effects of climatechange. Although there were concerns on the accessibility of smart mobile phones which wasquelled as increasingly, the phones are getting cheaper and network coverage is greatly
improving across Africa.
394.3 Climate change dialogue
Facilitated by Dr Philip Osano-SEI Africa
Dr Philip Osano handed delegates with large sticky notes to write one key/import aspect thatthey think is critical regarding climate change and how best African nations can build resilienceand adapt against its adverse effects. The sheets were collected and categorized as provided
below based on the six modules that were developed.
Analysis of Climate Information Systems• Identify user needs of climate information and develop a CIS that addresses those needs• Develop database to capture and store data that can be shared by all stakeholders andthe public at large• Reduce inter-departmental or organizational turf wars by making climate change issues
a subset of all departmental and organizational planning goals• Give high priority to expanding LandInfo to answer as many questions and the so whatquestions as possible

Climate Policy analysis and Policy Making• Climate change should be integrated into all sectors that affect people in African
Countries.
• Ensure that information for decision making is inclusive and covers the key layers of
stakeholders comprising the grassroot, community, local, state and national levels. It
must be simple to understand and implement.
Effective Climate Science Communication• Develop a climate information App capable of serving as a one stop shop informationbase that can be updated as new information emerges
40

•

•

•
•
•
•
•
•

Information dissemination about climate change should be made easier for theunderstanding/assimilation of majority of the population who dwell in the rural areas bytranslating them into local dialects in small pamphlets and other means ofcommunication
Integrate frequent weather forecast information push and dissemination into national
food systems by use of mobile and other web-based platforms that can relay real-time
info for farmer preparedness for effective value-chains and disaster management
through effective funding mechanisms.
Bridging climate information gaps should be participatory involving even the local
peopleClimate information generated from scientists and researchers should be simplified andtranslated to ensure policy makers and end-users comprehend it for initiating
adaptation and mitigation action
Take the climate information to the lowest level i.e. user who is most affected byclimate change shocks. Explore use of cheap mobile phones to disseminate theinformation and possibly in the local languages.
Develop a module on communication of climate information to rural farmers in Africa
Find a way where all the information collected on climate change can be tailor made tosuit different stakeholders for effective action
Have a platform for sharing experiences related to climate change

Foresight Studies and Research Priority Setting in Climate Science Policymaking• Develop foresight studies as a major tool in long term development planning in climate
science regime in Africa.
Design and Management of Climate Partnerships and Networks• Develop a stronger linked network of actors at the national level to address the issues ofclimate change adaptation and resilience.
• To make linkage between ICE platform and Capacity Development Project CADEP (JICA
project) good practice website with URL to share and disseminate information• Establish a forum for all key actors on climate change through partnership andnetworking.
• Strengthen platforms which will promote information sharing amongst the various
stakeholders on climate change issues.
• Engage better with green business lobbies/advocates• Develop a multi-stakeholder engagement framework to tackle climate change issues
under a policy.
• Design and management of climate information partnership network and establish aforum that brings together all players and stakeholders at regional, national andsubnational levels.
Mapping of Climate Funding Mechanisms• Build capacity in LDCs and other eligible countries to access adaptation and mitigation
funds for instance, the GCF among others.
• Translation of the working documents is important to reach other countries
41

Most of the issues raised hinged upon communication and dissemination of climate
information and the design and management of climate partnerships and networks. Climate
Information Systems were also pointed as critical in ensuring access of quality climate
information and services to ease decision making.
4.4 Key Messages and Resolutions
Presented by Dr Ernest Acheampong-ATPSDr Ernest Acheampong presented a summary of key messages thatcame out of the dialogue during the three-day workshop. It was clearthat the production and access to climate information is on the rise in
Africa countries. Nevertheless, consumers face various challenges in theapplication of climate information due to issues related to the low
quality of the information products, lack of segregated information at
appropriate scales and difficulties in communicating and interpreting
information for planning and decision making. There is a clear gap
between the capacity of climate scientists to produce policy-relevant
information and decision-makers’ need for such information in Africancountries. Political and socio-economic factors are instrumental in the access to and uptake ofclimate information. Barriers to the uptake of climate information include: institutional
mandates, hierarchical structures and a lack of adequate incentives. A clear understanding of
local political contexts is needed to make the communication and use of climate information
more effective. Figure 8 illustrates the general flow of climate information.
Figure 10: An illustration of Climate Information Flow

42

The key messages and resolutions were categorized into three categories: communication,
investment and capacity & foresight.
Communication• Climate information communication is usually the responsibility of formal scientificbodies such as meteorological agencies. However, climate information that reaches end
users is usually excessively technical, ill-matched to their demands and easily leads tomisunderstanding of the uncertainties associated with it.
• The generation and communication of climate information needs to be linked todevelopment processes through integration into sectoral plans and decisions on basic
service delivery.
• Climate information should be service-orientated and integrated into decision making
from national through to the community level.
• The success of bridging climate information gap will depend on the ability toinstitutionalize two-way communication between producers and end- users, so those
who need it can continue to use information over time.
• Processes to engage scientists, policy-makers and practitioners around the uptake ofclimate information into long-term decision-making should be flexible and respond to
stakeholders’ changing needs.
• Establishing partnership and networks creates a common platform for the generation ofwell harmonized and consolidated climate information for decision making.
Investments• Through the effective use of climate information, decision-makers can make investment
and planning decisions that are proactive, durable and robust. Effective use of climate
information also minimizes the risk that decisions will adversely affect – or increase thevulnerability of – other systems, sectors or social groups.
• Long-term climate information is not necessary for every development initiative, but it
will be crucial to the sustainability and effectiveness of many targeted investments andplanning decisions (particularly long-term investments with long-lived implications).
• Organizations responsible for communicating climate science should be aware of thesocial value of the information they provide, and the legitimacy of the goals pursued bypolicy-makers. They must adhere to principles of honesty, precision, transparency andrelevance when communicating climate information.
• Notwithstanding the need for awareness-raising, consideration should be given as towhether efforts to promote medium- to long-term climate information in places where
there is little to no demand from decision-makers are appropriate and ethicallydefensible.
Capacity and Foresight• Funds for Adaptation and mitigation are available, and offer several opportunity for
African countries• African countries must build their capacities (institutional, human resource capacity, andtechnical capacity) to access the various components of the Adaptation fund and Green
Climate Fund.
43

•
•
•

Foresight studies allow countries to effectively plan, organize and implement multiple
climate-proof projects in a coordinated way.
Integration of foresight studies (scenario planning) into the various development
planning is critical to future adaptation and resilience
Foresight studies represents a paradigm shift from the traditional (linear) planning
method due to the growing complexity and uncertainties.

44

5. CLOSING SESSION
The chair of the session Mr Chuma Ikenze announced a slight change in the programme toallow for way forward from Dr Nicholas Ozor and closing remarks before delegates were
presented with certificates of participation. Dr Ozor started by thanking all the delegates forfinding time to participate in the 3 day Regional dialogue and training workshop. He recognizeddelegates who traveled far and wide to attend this event despite having their own personalcommitments and busy schedules. He thanked Hon. Samuel Onuigbo (Chairman of the Climate
Change Committee at the Federal House of representatives, Nigeria) for making time andcommitting three days for this workshop. He also recognized the sacrifice made by ProfMalachy Okwueze (Vice Chancellor of Coal City University, Nigeria). He thanked the project
partners for their good work throughout the implementation of this project and the African
Development Bank for providing funds to implement this important project. Finally he thanked
Dr Alice Kaudia for officially opening the Regional Climate change Dialogue and Training
Workshop and lastly, he wished all the delegates a safe journey to their different destinations.
Mr Chuma Ikenze, Chairman of ATPS Board of Directors was invited to award delegates withcertificates of participation. He was assisted by Mr Ralph Kaufmann and Dr Nicholas Ozor. Mr
Chuma Ikenze in his capacity as the chair of the session and also representing the host ATPS,
also thanked the delegates for putting in their valuable time in this event. The event was
declared officially closed.

45

6. REGIONAL CLIMATE CHANGE DIALOGUE AND TRAINING WORKSHOP EVALUATION
According to the figures shown below, the title and description of the workshop clearly
conveyed its content and objectives and outcomes of the regional workshop were very clear. All
delegates agreed that the workshop was engaging and empowering however in terms of time
allocation delegates had mixed reactions. Majority of the delegates present were satisfied withthe content they received during the three day workshop and the program was well paced
within the allocated time.
Figure 11: Evaluation of the content of the dialogue and training workshop
Content of the Dialogue and Training Workshop
70%
60%
50%
40%
30%
20%
10%
0%
Workshop conveyed
the content

Objectives andOutcomes clear

Strongly Agree

Agree

Workshop Engaging
and Empowering
Moderately Agree

Appropriate Time
Allocated for the
Delivery of content
DisagreeStrongly Disagree

Figure 12: Organization and Facilitation of the Workshop
Organization and Facilitation of the Workshop
70%
60%
50%
40%
30%
20%
10%
0%

Excellent

Good

Mild

Poor

46

Time Management

Needs Improvent

According to figures 11 and 12, 80% of the delegates agreed that the quality of theorganization, facilitation of the training and dialogue content was excellent, the presentations
made during the workshop and the discussions delegates had during the break-out sessions
were excellent as well as the key messages and recommendations made by the delegates.
Lastly, on the time factor 60% of delegates agreed that the time allocated for the presentations
was adequate while 15% of the delegates were of the opinion on the need to increase time forthe presentations.
Figure 13: Logistics and Administrative support
Logistics and Administrative support
70%
60%
50%
40%
30%
20%
10%
0%
Accomodation

Food
ExcellentGood

TravelArrangements
Mild

Poor

Administrative
SupportSecurity

Needs Improvement

With regard to logistics and administrative support, all delegates were satisfied withaccommodation provided during the three day workshop period. The food was good and only a
few were of the opinion that there needs to be improvement which can be attributed todifferent dietary preferences. Delegates agreed that administrative support and support given
were excellent and they also expressed satisfaction on the travel arrangements with a few
noting on the need to improve.
Additionally, delegates noted they were happy to learn more about foresight studies as a longterm planning tool in climate science, the presentations of different modules and the break-out
sessions were very informative, the ICE platform and they also recommendation thepresentations to be shared with the delegates after the workshop.
The least exciting part of the workshop about the workshop according to some of the delegates
was that one delegate felt that the presentations were tailored too much on policy and thetime allocated for presentations and group discussions was little.
Participants urged the organizers of the workshop to circulate the presentations made so as tokeep the conversation ongoing, resource allocation to climate change issues should be given apriority and lastly a delegate was of the opinion that the capacity building course
modules/toolkits should be integrated into long term learning programs in tertiary institutions.
47

ANNEXES
Annex I: Programme

Day 1: Monday 25th June 2018
Chairman: Prof Malachy OkwuezeTime
8:30 am - 9:00 am
9:00 am - 9:30 am

9:30 am - 10:30 am
10:30 am - 10:45 am
10:45 am - 11:15 am
11:15 am – 11:30 am
11:30 am – 11:45 am
11:45 am - 12:30 pm
12:30 am - 1:00 pm
1:00 pm - 2:00 pm
2:00 pm - 2:30 pm
2:30 pm - 3:00 pm
3:00 pm – 3:45 pm
3:45 pm – 4:00 pm
4:00 pm
6:00 pm – 9:00 pm

Moderator: Dr Victor Ongoma
Rapporteur: Ms Ruth Oriama
Activity
Facilitator
Registration
Ms Sharon Anyango
Opening Ceremony
Dr Nicholas Ozor, Executive
Opening Remarks- ATPS Executive Director -African Technology
Director
Policy Studies Network (ATPS)
Opening Remarks- Clim-Dev Special
Fund Coordinator-AfDB
Opening Remarks- Chief Guests
 Hon. Sam Onuigbo- Chairman of theCommittee on Climate Change,
Federal House of Representatives,
Nigeria Dr Alice Kaudia- Environment
Secretary, Kenya
Introduction and Expectations
Dr Ernest Acheampong
Tea/Coffee Break-Group Photo
Project progress presentation
Mr Alfred Nyambane- ATPSMr Mathew Imulia -ATPSICE Platform
Discussions
Analysis of Climate Information Mr George Kabaka and Mr
Systems
Abebe Tadege- IGAD Climate
Prediction and Applications
Discussions
Center (ICPAC)
Lunch BreakClimatePolicyAnalysis
Policymaking
Group work
Plenary and Discussions
Tea/Coffee BreakEnd of Day 1
Networking Cocktail-Roof top

48

and Mr Alfred Nyambane and
Dr Ernest Acheampong-ATPS

ALL

Day 2: Tuesday 26th June 2018
Chairman: Ralph Von KaufmannTime
8:30 am - 9:00 am

Activity
Recap

Moderator: Prof Michael Madukwe
Rapporteur: Mr Alfred Nyambane
Facilitator
Dr Ernest Acheampong

9:00 am - 9:30 am

Mapping of Climate Funding
Mechanisms
Group work and discussions

and Mrs
KhaoulaJaouiObservatoire du Sahara et duSahel (OSS)

9:30 am - 10:30 am

10:30 am - 10:45 am Tea/Coffee Break
10:45 am - 11:15 am Foresight Studies and Research Priority
Setting in Climate Science andPolicymaking
11:15 am - 12:30 pm Group work
12:30 am - 1:00 pm Plenary presentations and discussions
1:00 pm - 2:00 pm
Lunch Break
2:00 pm - 2:30 pm
Effective
ClimateScienceCommunication
2:30 pm - 3:00 pm
Group work
3:00 pm – 3:45 pm
Plenary presentations and discussions
3:45 pm – 4:00 pm
Tea/Coffee Break
4:00 pm
End of Day 2/Networking

Day 3: Wednesday 27th June 2018
Chairman: Chuma Ikenze

Dr Chidi Magnus OnuohaATPS/ President, Sustainable
EnergyPractitioners
AssociationofNigeria(SEPAN)Tinni Seydou and Issaka Lona
- AGRHYMET Regional Centre(ARC)

Moderator: Dr Nicholas Ozor
Rapporteur: Ms Ruth Oriama
Facilitator
Mrs Khaoula Jaoui- OSS

Time
8:30 am - 9:00 am

Activity
Recap

9:00 am - 9:30 am

Design and Management of Climate Mr Degelo Sendabo and Mr
Partnerships and Networks
Agedi - Regional Centre for
MappingResourceforGroup work and discussions
Development (RCMRD)
Tea/Coffee Break

9:30 am - 10:30 am
10:30 am - 10:45 am
10:45 am - 11:30 am
11:30 am - 12:00 pm

Climate change Adaptation toolkit- Dr Philip Osano and Dr RobertPresentation
Ochien’gStockholm
Environment Institute (SEI)
Discussions

12:00 pm – 1:00 pm

Climate change dialogue/ Key issues
49

Dr Philip Osano1:00 pm - 2:00 pm

Lunch Break

2:00 pm - 3:00 pm

Climate change dialogue/ Key issues

Dr Philip Osano

3:00 pm – 3:30 pm

Key Messages and Way forward

Dr Ernest Acheampong

4:15 pm – 4:30 pm

Closing remarks/Vote of thanks

Dr Nicholas Ozor

3:30 pm – 4:00 pm

Award of certificatesALL

4:00 pm – 4:15 pm

Tea/Coffee BreakEnd of the Workshop//Networking

50Annex II: Participants List

51

52

53

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Annex III: Photos

Delegates of the Regional Climate Change Dialogue and Training workshop

Delegates participating in group discussions during the regional workshop
55

Annex IV: Evaluation FormREGIONAL CLIMATE CHANGE DIALOGUE AND TRAINING WORKSHOP EVALUATION FORM 2527 JUNE 2018. NAIROBI, KENYA

Thank you for participating in this event. We would appreciate if you could take a few minutes to share youropinions about the training workshop with us. Your input will help us identify ways that we can enhance thepreparation and learning experience and make improvements in our future events.
Please return this form to the facilitators at the end of the workshop.
Content of the Training Workshop
1. Please rate the following questions based on the content of this training and dialogue. (Tick appropriately)
Strongly
disagree1

Disagree2

Moderately
agree
3

Agree
4

Strongly
agree5a) The title and description of the workshop clearly convey its
contentb) The objectives and outcomes were clearc) The training and dialogue was engaging and empoweringd) The visual aids and handouts are usefule) Given the time allowed, the amount of material covered
was appropriatef) The program was well paced within the allotted time
Organization and Facilitation of the Dialogue and Workshop
2. Kindly provide feedback that will help facilitators/organizers evaluate their efforts. (Tick appropriately)

a)
b)
c)
d)
e)
f)

The quality of the training and dialogue content
The quality of presentations made during the workshop
The quality of open discussion/break-out sessions
Quality of the moderation and facilitation of the sessions
Key messages and recommendations presented
Time allocated for the presentations

56

Excellent

Good

Mild

Poor

1

2

3

4

Needs
improvement
5Logistics
3. Please provide feedback about the logistics arrangements. (Tick appropriately)
Excellent
1
a)
b)
c)
d)
e)

Good

Fair

Poor

2

3

4

Needs
Improvement
5

Accommodation
Food
Travel Arrangements
Administrative support
Security

4. What aspects of this training and dialogue excited you most?
…………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………
…………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………
…………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………
5. What aspects of this training and dialogue were you least excited with?
…………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………
…………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………
…………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………
6. Are there any other comments or suggestions you would like to make?
…………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………
…………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………
…………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………

Thank you for taking time to complete this form

57