An Overview of the Nagaoka Project

Daiji Tanase
Engineering Advancement Association of Japan (ENAA)International Workshop on CO２ Geological Storage , Japan ‘06

Feb. 21st 2004

Presentation Outline• Test Site Overview¾¾¾¾Location, Topography and Geology
Chronicle of Pilot Test
Well Configuration
Geology of Test Site

• CO2 Injection¾¾¾¾Injection Facilities
Sketch of Injection
Main Feature of Injection
Progress of Injection• Monitoring••••

Pressure/Temperature measurement
Time-lapse Geophysical Logging
Time-lapse Cross-well Seismic Tomography
Micro earthquake observation• Simulation Study• SummaryInternational Workshop on CO２ Geological Storage , Japan ‘06

Test Site Overview

Location, Topography and Geology

SiteAquifer

TokyoCopyright © 2002 - 2004 JWA. All Rights Reserved .

Gas Reservoir

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Test Site Overview

Geology : 3D Shape of the Targeted Aquifer
Test Site(ground surface)

Depth(m)N0International Workshop on CO２ Geological Storage , Japan ‘06

6km

Test Site Overview

Chronicle of Pilot Testz JFY 2000 : Site Selection ・・・South Nagaoka Gas Fieldz Drilling of Wells, Well logging and Test of Core Sample
 JFY 2000 : Injection well (IW-1) drilled
 JFY 2001 : Two observation wells (OB-2, OB-3) drilled
 JFY 2002 : One observation well (OB-4) drilledz JFY 2003 : Construction of the Facilities
z FY 2003 – 2004 : Injection of CO2 ・・・10,405t
z FY 2002 – present :Monitoring of CO2
z FY 2000 – present : Simulation Study FY 2000 – 2002 : Simulation prior to the injection start・・・Optimum arrangement of CO2 monitoring etc.
 FY 2003 - present : History matching simulation after the injection start・・・ Long-term CO2 behavior anticipation
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Test Site Overview

Well Configuration
Injection well : IW-1
Observation well :OB-2, OB-3, OB-4
IW-1

OB-2

OB-3

OB-4

IW-1

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Test Site Overview

Well Configuration
Arrangement of Wells at Reservoir Level

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Test Site Overview

Geology of Test Site
Injection wellIW-1

Observation wellOB-2

Observation wellOB-3

Observation well
OB-4pRockCaRockZon-2Zone-3-3Zo
ne-2nZoe-2Zone

Zon
eCapRockCapnZoZon
e-53e-Zone-55e-Net thickness

Net thickness

Net thickness

Net thickness

Cap rock : 134.7m

Cap rock : 134.0m

Cap rock : 131.4m

Cap rock : 131.9m

Zone-2 : 11.9m

Zone-2 : 11.8m

Zone-2 : 12.0m

Zone-2 : 9.0m

Reservoir : 59.5m
Reservoir :59.2m
Reservoir : 59.4m
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Reservoir : 56.5m

CO2 Injection

Liquified CO2 Vessel

Injection Facilities

HeaterLiquified CO2 Vessel
Capacity 95t-CO2
H=18m
D=3.5mBooster Pump

Evaporator Main Pump

Injection Well

Cap Rock

Liquified CO28 ton / 10 ton

Aquifer

Gas7MPa, 34 °C

From Ammonia
Factory: 65km
from the site

Main Pump Heater

Supercritical

Liquid2MPa, -16°C

Injection Well

Booster Pump

Cap RockAquifer
12MPa, 46°C

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CO2 Injection

Sketch of Injection
Observation well

Liquified CO2 Vessel

Injection well

Heater Pump

Tank truck carrying
liquefied CO2Ground level

Depth;approximately
1100 mImpermeable layer(cap rock)

Aquifer 60m thickZone2International Workshop on CO２ Geological Storage , Japan ‘06

12mth ickCO2 Injection

Progress of Injection

StartJuly 7, 2003

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Earthquake
Oct.23, 2004

EndJan. 1, 2005

Monitoringz Measurement (continuously)¾ Pressure & Temperature (well bottom and well head)zTime-lapse Logging (at about one month interval)¾ Induction Log¾ Neutron Log¾ Acoustic Log¾ Gamma Ray Log

zTime-lapse Cross-well Seismic Tomography¾Six times : Before the injection – After the injection

zObservation (continuously)¾ Micro earthquake
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Monitoring

Pressure Measurement

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Monitoring : Time-Lapse Crosswell Seismic Tomography

Crosswell Seismic Tomography
Baseline Survey

Monitoring Survey

BLS

Before injection

Feb. 2003

Injection started

Feb. 2003

MS1

3,200t-CO 2Jan. 2004

MS2

6,200t-CO 2Jul. 2004

MS3

8,900t-CO2Nov. 2004

Injection ended

Jan. 2005

MS4

10,400t-CO2Jan. 2005

MS5

10,400t-CO2Oct. 2005

測定器

ウィンチ

コントローラ－孔中受振器
ハイドロフォンアレイ（２４ｃｈ）

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順次移動

孔中震源
ＯＷＳ

順次移動

Monitoring : Time-Lapse Crosswell Seismic Tomography

Rate of Velocity Reduction
10,400 t

3,200 t

IW-1

IW-1

Max –3.5%

Max –3.0%
OB-3

OB-2

MS1/BLSInternational Workshop on CO２ Geological Storage , Japan ‘06

OB-3

OB-2

MS4/BLS

Monitoring : Time-Lapse Logging

Time-lapse Well Logging

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Monitoring : Time-Lapse Logging

Well Logging and Breakthrough16th logging on May 12 (4,300t-CO2)
No Change
OB-4

13th logging on Feb. 12 (3,500t-CO2)
No Change

17th logging on June 14(5,400t-CO2)•P-wave velocity : decrease 0.33 km/sec, 13%•Neutron porosiry : decrease 6 %14th logging on Mar. 10 (4,000t-CO2)•P-wave velocity : decrease 0.71 km/sec, 28%•Resistivity : increase 0.54 Ohmm
•Neutron porosiry : decrease 10 %

OB-2
OB-3
No Change

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IW-1•Induction Log•Neutron Log•Acoustic Log•Gamma Ray Log

Monitoring : Time-Lapse Logging

Well Logging Result :OB-2 (Vp)

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End of Injection

Monitoring : Time-Lapse Logging

Well Logging Result :OB-2 (Induction)

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End of Injection

Monitoring

Micro earthquake Observation
経過日数 (日)：基準日 2003年7月7日
-38

-8

2252

82

112

142

172 202

232

262

292

322

352 382

412

442

472

502

532

562

592

110
30

11,000100

10,000
圧入ﾚｰﾄ
累計圧入量

90

圧入レート (t/d)

-68

9,000

80
20
70

8,000

60

6,000

50

5,000

40
10
30

4,000

20

2,000

10

1,000

7,000

3,000

0003/01 03/31 04/30 05/30 06/29 07/29 08/28 09/27 10/27 11/26 12/26 01/25 02/24 03/25 04/24 05/24 06/23 07/23 08/22 09/21 10/21 11/20 12/20 01/19 02/18

Start
July 7, 2003日付Earthquake
Oct.23, 2004

EndJan. 1, 2005

zNo correlation between earthquake occurrence and daily injection ratezNo correlation between earthquake occurrence and cumulative injected CO2 amt.
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累計圧入量 (t-CO2)-128 -98

Mid-Niigata Chuetsu Earthquake

Site

Date : 23 Oct. 2004
Time: 17:56
Magnitude: 6.8
Depth: 10 km

Copyright © 2004 NI ED, All rights Reserved.

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Record of Niigata Prefecture Chuetsu Earthquake
2004/10/23 17:56 M6.8
time (sec)N-S(gal)Up – Dn.
(gal)

E-W(gal)

051015202530354045

50

051015202530

3540

45

50

051015202530

3540

45

50

800.0
600.0
400.0
200.00.0- 200.0- 400.0- 600.0- 800.0
800.0
600.0
400.0
200.00.0- 200.0- 400.0- 600.0- 800.0
800.0
600.0
400.0
200.00.0- 200.0- 400.0- 600.0- 800.0

Max：705gal
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Chronicles of Pilot Test and Simulation
Japanese
Fiscal Year
2000

Events・ Geological study
・ IW-1 drilled

Simulation Study
・ Determination of observation welllocations

2001

・ OB-2, BO-3 drilled

2002

・ Pumping test at IW-1

・ Adjustment of well locations

・ Acidizing at IW-1

・ Examination of test plan

2003

・ OB-4 drilled
・ CO2 injection started
・ CO2 breakthrough at OB-2
・ CO2 injection continued

2004

・ CO2 breakthrough at OB-4
・ CO2 injection completed

2005

・ CO2 monitoring continued

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・ History matching・ Long-term prediction of CO2 fateSimulation Study

CO2 Distribution
Gas Saturation after 1000 years

Gas Saturation at the end of injection

●OB-4
●
●OB-3

●IW-1

OB-2

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Removal of Facilities

z Feb. 2, 2005
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Summaryz10,400 tonnes of CO2 was injected into an onshore saline
aquifer within eighteen months in Nagaoka, Japan.
zBy time-lapse logging, we detected the CO2 breakthroughand estimated CO2 saturation history.
zBy crosswell seismic tomography, we could recognize theCO2 distribution in the aquifer.
zUsing the final reservoir model of history matching, longterm fate of the injected CO2 was predicted.
zThe follow-up monitoring in Nagaoka will be continued till
2007.
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