International Workshop on CO2 Geological Storage

Next step of the Nagaoka project（Ｎａｇａｏｋａプロジェクトの今後の展開）

21, February, 2006
ＲＩＴＥ
CO2 Ｓｅｑｕｅｓｔｒａｔｉｏｎ Ｇｒｏｕｐ
Senior ResearcherShigeo Murai and Yasunobu Mizuno

Project OutlinePurpose
Establish a technology that provide stable, safeand long-term underground storage of CO2
emitted from large-scale sources in Japan
PeriodPlaned 2000 – 2004 (5 years)
Extended– 2007 (3 years)

Budget/Expenditures

Nagaoka Pilot Test

US$ ca 32 M for 2000 – 2004 funded by METI
US$ ca 30 M for 2005 – 2007 being proposed to METIInternational Workshop on CO２ Geological Storage , Japan ‘06

Nagaoka pilot test: targets and results
Primary targets

Major results

9Investigation
9Investigationfor
forthethepossibilityofCO
possibility of CO2 2geologicalgeologicalstoragestorageinto
intoanomalous
anomalous
stratum
stratumininJapanJapan

910,400
t-CO2 2waswassuccessfully
successfullyinjected
injectedatatrate
rateofof20-40
20-40
910,400t-CO
t-CO
/day
intoasaline
aquiferof
1,100mdeptht-CO2 2/day into a saline aquifer of 1,100 m depth(July,2003-January,2005)(July,2003-January,2005)
9No
anyCO
CO2 leakage
leakageby
byNiigataNiigataChuetsu
Chuetsuearthquake
earthquake
9Noany2＋9Studyonthe
theundergroundunderground
9Studyonbehavior
ofinjectedbehavior of injectedCO
CO22

9Measurement
9Measurementofofpressurepressureandandtemperaturetemperatureatattop
topandandbottom
bottomofofthe
thereservoir
reservoirformation
formation
9Micro-seismicity
measurement
9Micro-seismicity measurement
9Well
9Welllogging
logging
9Cross-well
9Cross-wellseismic
seismictomography
tomography＋
9Modeling
9ModelingofofCO
CO2 2behavior
behavior

9CO
behaviorwas
wassimulated
simulatedby
byhistory
historymatching
matching
9CO2 2behavior
usingmonitoring
results
using monitoring results

9Safety
9Safetyassessment
assessmentofofCO
CO2 2
injected
injectedundergroundunderground

Basic
Basicknowledge
knowledgeofofaquifer
aquiferstorage
storageininJapan
Japanisisobtained.
obtained.
Test
Testresults
resultsare
areutilized
utilizedfor
forthethedevelopment
developmentofofsafety
safetyassessment
andstorage
potentialevaluation.
assessment and storage potential evaluation.
International Workshop on CO２ Geological Storage , Japan ‘06

Effect of Earthquake
Niigata Chuetsu Earthquake
Main shock: 23 Oct 2004
M6.8 at 10km depth
Seismic intensity: 750km

Injection was automatically stopped at
the main shock.
Iwanohara
Safety inspection was made:site- Surface Inspection- Press & Temp
- Geophysical Logging- Acoustic Borehole Televiewer- Cross Well Seismic Tomography
Injection was carefully resumed after
confirming safety (6 Dec 2004)
injection rate: 40t-CO2/day

20km
Epicenter

Seismicintensity

76+65+54(GSJ, 2004 http://www.gsj.jp/jishin/chuetsu_1023/)
International Workshop on CO２ Geological Storage , Japan ‘06

Time frame of RITE’s R&D project for CO2 geological storage

FY2002

FY2003

FY2004

FY2005

FY2006

FY2007

NagaokaNagaoka pilot
pilot test／Monitoring
test／Monitoring atat Nagaoka
Nagaoka sitesite
Laboratory experiment
Model integration of CO2 behavior

Monitoring technology

Safety Analysis

FY2001

Simulator develoment
Validity and road map
Engineering designing

System analysis
Basic researches

Survey for implementation,
Risk analysis, Public outreach

Geological survey ／Storage potential evaluation

Interim assessment(Interim assessment)International Workshop on CO２ Geological Storage , Japan ‘06

Integrated analysis

FY2000Extended works（FY2005～）• In order to fill the remaining gaps for the implementation ofCCS, the project was extended for at least three years.
• The purpose is to clarify the feasibility of CO2 geologicalsequestration, to present a road map toward actual applications,to establish safety assessment methods and to submit a R&D
plan of CCS demonstration.
Integrated Analysis〔Validity study〕〔Engineeringdesigning〕〔Storagepotentialevaluation〕

Safety Analysis〔Road map〕

〔 Survey forimplementation,
public outreach 〕〔 Riskanalysis〕〔 Model integrationof CO2 behavior〕〔Monitoringat Nagaoka site〕
International Workshop on CO２ Geological Storage , Japan ‘06〔Laboratory experiment〕

R&D Scenario of RITE’s CCS project (FY2005 to FY2007)-from scientific study to technical assessment for implementation of CCSIntegrated Analysis〔Validity study〕 RITE

〔Road map〕 RITE

Analysis of storage potential, cost,consumed energy and mitigating effects
for each storage system〔Engineeringdesigning〕 ENAA
Engineering study of CCS
on the emission sources,
transportation, injection
facilities and etc.

〔Storage potentialevaluation〕 ENAA
Estimation of aquifer
storage potential matchedwith emission sources

Safety Analysis

Submission of road map for theimplementation of CCS〔 Survey for implementation,
Public outreach 〕RITE
Investigation and analysis for theImplementation of CCS in termsof operating regime, regulation,
Public outreach and etc.

〔 Risk analysis〕
RITE
Study and assessment
on safety of CCS andDrafting a guideline
for safety〔 Model integration of CO2 behavior〕
ＲＩＴＥ
Improvement of a prediction model
for underground CO2 behavior〔Monitoring at Nagaoka site〕
ＥNAA
Improvement of simulator using thedata of CO2 monitoring
International Workshop on CO２ Geological Storage , Japan ‘06〔Laboratory experiment〕 RITE
Study on the mechanism of CO2 trappingin porous sand for long time storage, themechanical stability of caprock, and etc.

〔Storage potential evaluation〕
・Revision of CO2 trapping parameter and supposed storage site(area)
under discussion(effective thickness)①②(isolated super critical CO2) (dissolved CO2)

・Gas saturation （Sg):
20% → 50%
・Storage site: including
seismic surveyed area

H2O(porosity)(rock particle)

Storage Potential in Japan：
3.5Gt-CO2 → ca 30Gt-CO2(formation: aquifer of unticline trap)a① super critical CO2: Ef x A x h x φ x Sg /BgCO2 xρ
② dissolved CO2: Ef x A x h x φ x （１－Sg） x RsCO2 xρ

International Workshop on CO２ Geological Storage , Japan ‘06

R&D Scenario of RITE’s CCS project (FY2005 to FY2007)-from scientific study to technical assessment for implementation of CCSIntegrated Analysis〔Validity study〕 RITE

〔Road map〕 RITE

Analysis of storage potential, cost,consumed energy and mitigating effects
for each storage system〔Engineeringdesigning〕 ENAA
Engineering study of CCS
on the emission sources,
transportation, injection
facilities and etc.

〔Storage potential
evaluation〕 ENAA
Estimation of aquifer
storage potential matchedwith emission sources

Safety Analysis

Submission of road map for theimplementation of CCS〔 Survey for implementation,
Public outreach 〕RITE
Investigation and analysis for theImplementation of CCS in termsof operating regime, regulation,
Public outreach and etc.

〔 Risk analysis〕
RITE
Study and assessment
on safety of CCS andDrafting a guideline
for safety〔 Model integration of CO2 behavior〕
ＲＩＴＥ
Improvement of a prediction modelfor underground CO2 behavior〔Monitoring at Nagaoka site〕
ＥNAA
Improvement of simulator using thedata of CO2 monitoring
International Workshop on CO２ Geological Storage , Japan ‘06〔Laboratory experiment〕 RITE
Study on the mechanism of CO2 trapping
in porous sand for long time storage, themechanical stability of caprock, and etc.

〔Validity study〕
Analysis of storage cost

Capture分離・回収& separation

Transportation
輸送

Capture sys.

Gas施設
compressor
圧入

大規模排出源 分離・回収施設

Emission source

ﾊﾟｲﾌﾟﾗｲﾝ
Pipeline
圧送施設
Gas compressor

・Coal power plant：600MW
・Chemical absorption

・100km・14MPaEstimation of current cost
Transportation ２４００¥

Injection
圧入Injection ３２１¥

Formation
地層貯留層Storagelayer

・ERD
・10km offshore
・1,000m depth～6,700¥/t-CO2Capture & Separation 4３３４¥
02000

4000

6000

8000

10000

Cost （¥／t-CO2）

・Improvement of capture liquid・Cost reduction of heat source
・Use of unutilized heat source
・Use of high pressure pipeline
・Increase of injection amount/well
・Optimal selection of injection site, etc.

under discussion

Target of Cost：
3,000¥/t-CO2（ untill 2015 ）International Workshop on CO２ Geological Storage , Japan ‘06

R&D Scenario of RITE’s CCS project (FY2005 to FY2007)-from scientific study to technical assessment for implementation of CCSIntegrated Analysis〔Validity study〕 RITE

〔Road map〕 RITE

Analysis of storage potential, cost,consumed energy and mitigating effects
for each storage system〔Engineeringdesigning〕 ENAA
Engineering study of CCS
on the emission sources,
transportation, injection
facilities and etc.

〔Storage potentialevaluation〕 ENAA
Estimation of aquifer
storage potential matchedwith emission sources

Safety Analysis

Submission of road map for theimplementation of CCS〔 Survey for implementation,
Public outreach 〕RITE
Investigation and analysis for theImplementation of CCS in termsof operating regime, regulation,
Public outreach and etc.

〔 Risk analysis〕
RITE
Study and assessment
on safety of CCS andDrafting a guideline
for safety〔 Model integration of CO2 behavior〕
ＲＩＴＥ
Improvement of a prediction model
for underground CO2 behavior〔Monitoring at Nagaoka site〕
ＥNAA
Improvement of simulator using thedata of CO2 monitoring
International Workshop on CO２ Geological Storage , Japan ‘06〔Laboratory experiment〕 RITE
Study on the mechanism of CO2 trapping
in porous sand for long time storage, themechanical stability of caprock, and etc.

〔 Model integration of CO2 behavior〕
Improvement of a prediction model for underground CO2 behavior
Result of simulation study (～FY2004)
Prediction of CO2 Behavior
CO2 Saturation Distribution
Zone-2 Mid Layer as injection stopped

○OB-4
○OB-3

Current study
1. Monitoring of well logging,cross-well seismic tomography,
and water sampling by CHDT
2. Study on relation between CO2
saturation and acoustic velocity
by Gassmann theory, and on
mechanical property of cap rock3. Study on the CO2 storage
potentiality of flat aquifer, andthe CO2 behavior in shallow
underground formation◎ ○OB-2IW-1

1. Acquisition of more accurate
data at Iwanohara／Nagaoka
2. Basic study on properties ofaquifer and cap rock

International Workshop on CO２ Geological Storage , Japan ‘06

3. Improve the precision of CO2behavior modelR&D Scenario of RITE’s CCS project (FY2005 to FY2007)-from scientific study to technical assessment for implementation of CCSIntegrated Analysis〔Validity study〕 RITE

〔Road map〕 RITE

Analysis of storage potential, cost,consumed energy and mitigating effects
for each storage system〔Engineeringdesigning〕 ENAA
Engineering study of CCS
on the emission sources,
transportation, injection
facilities and etc.

〔Storage potentialevaluation〕 ENAA
Estimation of aquifer
storage potential matchedwith emission sources

Safety Analysis

Submission of road map for theimplementation of CCS〔 Survey for implementation,
Public outreach 〕RITE
Investigation and analysis for theImplementation of CCS in termsof operating regime, regulation,
Public outreach and etc.

〔 Risk analysis〕
RITE
Study and assessment
on safety of CCS andDrafting a guideline
for safety〔 Model integration of CO2 behavior〕
ＲＩＴＥ
Improvement of a prediction modelfor underground CO2 behavior〔Monitoring at Nagaoka site〕
ＥNAA
Improvement of simulator using thedata of CO2 monitoring〔Laboratory experiment〕 RITE
Study on the mechanism of CO2 trapping
in porous sand for long time storage, themechanical stability of caprock, and etc.
International Workshop on CO２ Geological Storage , Japan ‘06

〔 Survey for implementation of CCS 〕
Investigation and analysis in terms of operating regime,regulation, Public outreach and etc.
Results of system analysis (FY2000～FY2004)
1. Study on economics of CO2 geological storage in Japan
2. Risk analysis of extreme case for CO2 leak
3. Study on public acceptance for CO2 geological storage

Current study
1. Study on IPCC-SRCCS
2. Survey on technology,business potential, public
outreach, and political trends
3. Study on legal issue in London
Convention and legal
framework
4. Study on environmental
impact and FEP methodology
5. Case research on consensus
formation, etc
International Workshop on CO２ Geological Storage , Japan ‘06

1. Promoting the understandingof aquifer storage forpolicymaker, business people,
academian, public people, andetc.
2. Preparing the methodologies
of monitoring, environmental
assessment for CCS
technology deployment
3. Accounting for the legal andregulatory issues of long-term
liability, and themethodologies of emission
inventories

METI’s road map of CO2 capture and storage
２００５

２０１０Projection

Chemicalabsorption
MembranePhysical
adsorption■ Storage
method２０２０～

Global-scale
exploitation ofCCS

commercial
IGCC

CCS in the price ofemission credit

Drastic cost reduction of CO2 capture
1,000～2,000￥/ｔ-CO2 for 1Mt-CO2 sacle

Application to LNG plant
Application study■ Capturemethod２０１５

Cost reduction
・Utilization of waste heat・Development ofhigh-efficient absorbent

・Additional cost reduction
・Expansion of additional application

Cost reduction、Scale up

New membrane

New separation method／Application study

Application to chemical plant

Demonstration of CCS process

BasicresearchStart of fullscale CCS

Increase of CO2 amounts

Scientific understanding of CCS

Aquiferstorage

ECBM

Nagaokapilot test
（10,000t-CO2scale）

Simulation study of CO2 behavior
Development of safety assessment method

・Expansion of CCS application
・Reduction of injection cost

Storage potential evaluation

Basic research

Verification of ECBM systemInternational Workshop on CO２ Geological Storage , Japan ‘06(after METI’s road map of technology strategy, 2005)

Next Step of Nagaoka Project

Thank you!

RITE CO2 GeologicalSequestration

International Workshop on CO２ Geological Storage , Japan ‘06