About AJCE
The Association of Japanese Consulting Engineers (AJCE) was established in 1974, andwas approved by the Science and Technology agency of Japan (currently, Ministry of
Education, Culture, Sports, Science and Technology) as a legal entity in 1977.
Representing Japanese consulting engineers, AJCE is a member of the International
Federation of Consulting Engineers (FIDIC).
AJCE strives to enhance the status and competence of private consulting engineers(CEs) who are independent and impartial of manufacturers, contractors and others. By
doing so, AJCE contributes towards the advancement of science and technology,
development of industry, sustainable considerations in built-environment, as well as theenhancement of human safety and welfare.

Address: 3-16-4, Ueno, Taito-ku,
TOKYO 110-0005 JAPANTel : +81-3-3839-8471
Fax: +81-3-3839-8472
Email: info@ajce.or.jp
Web:http://www.ajce.or.jp/en/index.htm

CONTENTS

AJCE and its Activities

Noriaki HIROSE

01

East Japan Disaster- Preliminary Report

AJCE

03

"Liquidated Damages" - Japanese law perspective

Naoki IGUCHI

09

FIDIC Red book 1999 will be applied to public work projects in Japan

Shunji KUSAYANAGI

11

Forty Years, As Sanitary Engineer

Masafumi MIYAMOTO

12

Railway as a Sustainably Developing Industry

Hiroshi TANAKA

13

Present State of Consultant Selection in Japan- Trend of Procurement in Japanese Government

Eiji KAWAKAMI

15

AJCE Activity 2010
Activity of Young Professionals in 2010
Young Professionals Exchange Programme(YPEP)2010-Another success in technical and cultural exchange
AJCE Annual Seminar 2010
- Challenge of Consulting Engineers in the World Market
Expanding Overseas Business for Consulting Firms and an Outline of FIDIC Red Book
- Role and Practice of "The Engineer" -

17
19
20
33
35

Project Accomplishments by AJCE Members

37

Editor's note

55

AJCE Members

NEWS LETTER 2011

AJCE and its Activities
In the subsequent sections, firstly I would like toreview world trend surrounding our industry. To
respond the world trend, mission and role ofconsulting engineers are briefly addressed.
Following this context, Activities of AJCE in 2010
and Future Activities of consulting engineers,role of AJCE in particular, are reported.
World Trend
As a consequence of the profound climatechange observed in recent years, many people
have suffered from either large scale flooding or
serious drought in many places around theworld. We had heavy snowfall this winter inJapan and it paralyzed transportation in thecities and affected the lives of many people. It
is certain that we are living in a time of seachange in world weather, although it is not only
attributable to the issue of CO2 emission. We,
the consulting engineers, should gear up for
natural disasters through our daily activities. In
particular, Japan has a lot of experience which
can be used to combat the various types ofnatural disasters and it is recognized that wehave to contribute to the world society by
sharing and utilizing our effective technology
and accumulated knowledge.

Noriaki HIROSE
President, AJCE
President NIPPON KOEI CO., LTD

First of all, I would like to express my sincere
gratitude for sending heartfelt and encouraging
messages to AJCE on the tragedy occurred on
March 11. We thankfully received sympathy
and condolence from FIDIC president, ASPAC
chair, FIDIC Member Associations and friends of
FIDIC families from all over the world.
Though we are very much heartbroken by theloss of lives and destruction, Consulting
engineers have started forceful restoration
works and are continuing to endeavor
technical supports.
In this News Letter, we included special articles
on East Japan Disasters to deliver messages on
how our member firms are contributing to therestoration of the disaster areas and to support
for community needs.

Our Mission
On the other hand, the demand forinfrastructure development is booming and isbacked by very strong economic activities inemerging countries including those in Asia. The
infrastructure development in developing
countries is realized with the assistance ofvarious funds provided by multilateraldevelopment banks, bilateral corporation
agencies and private investment. Needless tosay, project implementation based oninter national rules and practice is very
important if projects are to be completedsmoothly and successfully. FIDIC and its
member firms are taking key roles in this area. In
Japan, the Japan International Cooperation1

NEWS LETTER 2011

● Young Professional Exchange Program (YPEP)
AJCE and Consult Australia (formerly ACEA)
have maintained a Young Professionals
Exchange Program since 1996. In 2010, six
young Japanese engineers visited Australia andwere provided with on-the-job training inAustralian consulting firms for 3 weeks. Aftercompleting this program successfully, they helda briefing session in Tokyo in November.

Agency (JICA) extends technical and financial
assistance to developing countries as well as toemerging countries for infrastructuredevelopment. JICA encourages the loan
recipient countries to use FIDIC conditions ofcontract for construction of the projects
financed by JICA. AJCE has been promoting
FIDIC contracts in collaboration with JICA for
many years. Last December, JICA organizedtraining workshops and assessment workshops
for Dispute Board Adjudicator with the support
from FIDIC. Based on the outcome of theseworkshops, AJCE is contemplating the creationof National List of Japanese adjudicators in May
this year. AJCE is willing to share our experience
with those countries, especially in Asia, where.
demand for National List is expected to grow.

● FIDIC Contract Seminar
JICA organized seminars on "Contract
Management for International Construction"
based on FIDIC contracts in Tokyo, Jakarta andHanoi. Contract specialists of AJCE member
firms supported the operation of these seminars.
The seminars significantly contributed tocapacity building of staff in developing
countries that are engaged in public
procurement and contract administration, andassisted in the smooth implementation ofJapanese ODA loan projects. In all, about 220
people from 30 countries participated in theseseminars.

Activities of AJCE in 2010
● FIDIC Annual Conference
Last September AJCE sent 40 people
comprising AJCE members and their families to
the FIDIC annual conference in New Delhi. The
delegates provided presentations in several
workshops, introduced, via our exhibition stand,leading-edge technologies developed inJapan and enhanced relationships with othermember associations of FIDIC. During theconference period, AJCE participated in the
General Assembly Meeting of the Asia-PacificRegion of FIDIC (ASPAC).

Future Activities
The investment for new social infrastructure has
slowed down in Japan due to financial
constraints, even though the real demand is stillhigh. It is not certain whether the government
can allocate enough budgets even for thenecessary maintenance and renewal of existing
infrastructure. Under such circumstances, wehave to pass on our accumulated technology
and experience to the next generation andreinforce systems with which our technologicalassets can be improved, in order to cope withlooming natural disasters and to enable theenhancement of economic and social systems.
I fully expect that AJCE will take an active rolein the cultivation of human resources not only inJapan but also in the world.

● AJCE Annual Seminar
AJCE held its annual seminar last July andfocused on the development of theinternational market for Japanese consulting
engineers. The participants, not only fromconsulting firms but also from the public sector
and mass media, held active discussions
concerning business challenges, technicalissues and inherent risks.

2NEWS LETTER 2011

East Japan Disaster- Preliminary Report
Association of Japanese Consulting Engineers (AJCE)
1. Introduction【Magnitude】
1960
Chile Earthquake
2004
Sumatra Is Earthquake
1964
Alaska Earthquake
2011
East Japan Earthquake〜
1995
Hanshin-Awaji Earthquake

At 14:46 March 11, 2011,
It started with slight shakes. Japan has a lot ofearthquakes. There are about 10 earthquakesthat we physically feel significant shakes.
Therefore, at the outset, we felt it was one ofthese earthquakes. However, the shakes did notcease but grew larger. It turned into the large
magnitude that we couldn't stand up. Creaking
sound surrounded over the office.
Fortunately, there were no damages in the AJCE
secretariat. We swiftly accessed internet tocheck real-time earthquake information. Soleinformation was "strong earthquakes hit northeast of Japan". At this point, people in Tokyo did
not know the scale of disasters. People tried tocontact with family members by cell-phones tocheck safety, however, it was not functioning.
Cell-phone providers controlled the systemagainst massive calls that may breakdown theentire system. While holding a cell-phone, we
kept on watching internet about the progress of
information on the scale and magnitude of theearthquake. It started reporting casualties thatseveral hundreds of people were taken away by
Tsunami. Growing severity of disasters wasreported time to time.
And in the next morning, people in Japan wereshocked by watching pictures broadcasted by
TV news. "Is this real ?"

9.5
9.2
9.2
9.0
7.5

【Seismic Intensity, SI】
Amplitude of earthquake shake defined by theJapan Meteorological Agency (JMA). SI tends tobe larger near earthquake center or near-surface
earthquake even at small magnitude. SI is classified
in 10 scales (0〜7):
SI 0〜2：Do not feel shakeSI 3：Feel shakeSI 4：Hanging objects move significantly
SI 5：Unfixed furniture fell down [Tokyo]
SI 6：Difficult to stand, buildings may tilt
SI 7：Wooden house collapsed [Miyagi]【Distribution of Seismic Intensity in East Japan
Earthquake】

2. Earthquake
2.1 Scale of Earthquake
Magnitude, scale of earthquake energy, was 9.0.
It was the 4th worst in the history of observation.
"Seismic Intensity (SI)", unique indicator ofearthquake in Japan recorded SI 5 in Tokyo outof maximum SI 7. Areas exceeding SI 4 thatpeople feel strong shakes extended from the
Hokkaido (northernmost-island of Japan) to Aichi
prefecture (southwest of Japan) affecting a halfof Japan.

[Japan Meteorology Agency]

roads, railways and buildings could withstand theearthquake of magnitude 9 in the areas thatwere not afflicted by Tsunami. It is attributable tothe newly revised standard of earthquake after
Hanshin-Awaji earthquake. Following this revision,
anti-seismic reinforcement has implemented

2.2 Damages by Earthquake
Despite of severe disasters caused by Tsunami as
mentioned in the subsequent section, most of3

NEWS LETTER 2011
【Liquefaction Damage】

since then.
Tokyo recorded Seismic Intensity of 5. Though
there were damages such as fell-down offurniture and cracks in some parts of buildings,
major damages to railways, elevated highways,
etc did not occur. Railways stopped for a while
to secure safety and prevent damages fromaftershocks. Some of railways started in operation
at 9PM, 6 hours after the earthquake. By
midnight, most of railways in Tokyo metropolis
areas went into operation except for East Japan
Railways.
Though there were cracks and damages withinallowable design standards in highways andharbor facilities in the areas where larger
earthquake than Tokyo were observed, collapse
did not occur. This allowed passage of fireengine, self-defense force, police and vehicles
carrying supporting goods to devastated areas.
In addition, buildings such as municipal offices,
schools used for disaster countermeasures could
withstand the earthquake of magnitude 9. Thesebuildings have been serving their role since theearthquake attack.

Uplifted manhole by liquefaction
Photo: Nihon Suido Cosultants

Bumped seawall caused by liquefaction
Photo: Chuo Kaihatsu【Max amplitude of Tsunami】【Max. run-up height】
A Erimo：3.5m
B Miyako：37.9m
B Miyako：over 5m*
C Ofunato ：over 8m*
D Ishinomaki ：over 7.6m*
E Soma：over 7.3m*
F Oharai：4.2m* Max wave height was not measures as tsunami
destroyed titdal gauges.
[Japan Meteorology Agency]【Anti-earthquake design Road bridge】
Two design levels
Level 1：No recovery is necessary to keep functionof structures against several earthquakesthat may occur in service life time
Level 2：Structure do not collapse (some damages
allowed) against significantly large
earthquakes whose occurrence rates issmall. Major important structures such as
trunk roads can be repaired in short time

2.3 Liquefaction
Liquefaction occurred in the bed-town areas ofTokyo and caused stoppage of sewage system.
This area was developed by landfill and locatesin the coastal area of Tokyo bay. Liquefaction
was observed not only in the coastal areas but
also inland housing areas that were developedby landfill over the past riverbed.
3. Tsunami
The largest disaster ever occurred in the history ofJapan is largely attributable to
Tsunami attacks after the earthquake. The
Tsunami exceeded the wave height of 8m andmaximum run-up of 37.9m in elevation in Iwate
prefecture. The maximum wave height ofTsunami were not measured due to destruction[Quick Estimation by the Association of Japanese
Geographers]4NEWS LETTER 2011of tidal station. Tsunami easily overtopped
breakwaters of 8m in height and flew into

residential areas. As consequences, it tore down
and washed out everything.

【Tsunami Disaster】

Minami-Soma City, Tsunami induced water reached
Inland©2011 Google, GeoEye

Minami-Soma City, 2006

【Tsunami Disaster】

Ship drifted by Tsunami was trapped by bridge pierCenter bridge girder was taken away by Tsunami
Photo: Oriental Consultants

Sewage treatment facility blocked by a heap of
rubbleSewage treatment facility tangled by fish nets
Photo: Nihon Suido Consultants5NEWS LETTER 2011
【Tsunami Disaster】

Site of flooded sewage treatment Facility

Flooded sewage treatment facility
Photo: Tokyo Engineering Consultants

4. Degree of Disasters
Number of death and missing persons is morethan 27,000 leading to the most disastrous record.
This number far exceeds Hanshin-Awaji
earthquake disasters occurred in 1995 in which
number of casualties were 6,437. Majority ofcasualties was caused by Tsunami. Afflicted
areas spread over 12 metropolitan, prefecturaland municipal governments.

6. Efforts by AJCE Members
Nippon Koei established disaster countermeasure
headquarters right after the earthquake lead bypresident Mr. Hirose. They started confirming
safety of staffs and family members by utilizing
internal safety check system and emergency
communication network. On Monday 14 th
March, he sent messages to all the firm members.
At the same time, other members of AJCE,
Oriental Consultants, Pacific Consultants, NJS
Consultants, etc have established disastercountermeasure headquarters in the vicinity ofafflicted areas to check safety of firm staffs andtheir family members as well as to investigate
damages.

【Damage Overview】
Death
14,013
Missing persons
13,804
Total
27,817
Total collapse/ burnout/ flush out 62,607
Half collapse/ half burnout
25,193
Number of evacuees: predicted over 450,000[As of 20 April, Police Agency]
Total damage of infrastructure and buildings
16 to 25 trillion Japanese yen[As of 23 March, Cabinet Office]5. Power Shortage
In the subject disasters, Fukushima-1 nuclear
power stations, large scale thermal power
stations in Fukushima and Ibaragi prefectures
were affected by Tsunami attacks and electricity
generation was stopped. As the result ofelectricity failure, shortage of electricity supply
occurred in Tokyo metropolis. Rotating blackout
for about 3 hours was conducted at local
municipalities. In April, blackout was ceased due
to recovery of some power stations and rise in air
temperature leading to less electricity
consumption by heating. However, electricity
shortage continue to exists and power saving
measures has been in operation.

Escalator was stopped for electricity saving.

In subways, some fluorescent bulbs for electricity saving.

6NEWS LETTER 2011
【Portable Water Heater】
Jointly developed by Chodai and Pal corporation.

Pacific Consultants have been working fordamage investigation of roads, bridges, tunnels,
etc. They are further engaging in design anddrafting of recovery countermeasures. Currently
they are requested to participate in committees
in charge of Disaster waste treatment, andEmergent energy measures
Tokyo Engineering Consultants (TEC) conductedflood prediction in Miyagi prefecture in the main
sewage lines, incase of increasing sewage
discharge in the course of sewage system
recovery right after earthquakes. Utilizing theresults of prediction, TEC examines vulnerable
points that need reinforcement. TEC has further
involved in recovery of sewage treatment
facilities and sewage networks.
Oriental Consultants have engaged in disasterrecovery measures such as damage
investigation on national roads and major accessroads as well as inspection of bridges, harbor
facilities.

It contains aluminum bag, heat-inducing agent
and water. After mixing water and heat-inducing
agent in aluminum bag, it generates heat bychemical reactions. It can be used for heating
baby bottle, pet bottle or canned drink.
Temperature in the afflicted areas in March
recorded below 3 degree C. Warm drink wasappreciated at the devastated area where no gas
and electricity were available.

Member firms distributed foods, water andnecessary goods to their firm members andfamily right after the earthquake as well as to thedisaster victims. NJS Consultants donated 120kg
of rice, 350 sets of instant foods to the city of
Sendai. Chodai offered the following goods to
Tohoku University hospital: water, foods, cassetteburners, compressed gas cylinders, and portablewater heaters that were jointly developed by
Chodai and Pal corporation.
And more, AJCE member firms have been
contributing for various recovery and supporting
activities.
Nihon Suido Consultants is engaging in damage
investigation and drafting of recovery plan on
entire sewage system such as pump stations,sewage lines, and sewage treatment facilities.
They are further contributing to damage survey,
geological investigation and designs necessary
for recovery of river function.

Photo :Oriental Consultants

Chodai is conducting bridges damage
inspections. Chuo Kaihatsu Corporation is
working on damage investigation.
7. Transportation Infrastructure Recovering with
Greater Urgency
As mentioned in the preceding section, thesubject earthquake of magnitude 9 was the forthPhoto: Nihon Suido Cosultants

7NEWS LETTER 2011
【Recovery History of Transportation Infrastructure】
100

High Way(Emergency)

Airport(Emergency)

National
Roadearthquake. All of them went in operation after 2
weeks while supporting to deliver goods andpeople in afflicted areas.
Fifty percent of the Tohoku Shinkansen (bullet
train) has recovered its service after 2 weeks ofthe earthquake except for some areas severely
damaged by Tsunami. Sendai Airport flooded by
Tsunami resumed its normal operation on 13 thApril, one month after the Tsunami. Large-scaledisasters like we experienced this time,transportation plays a vital lifeline role. Rapid
recovery of transportation infrastructure has been
contributing significantly in rescuing people anddelivering goods to afflicted areas.

Harbor(Emergency)

Recoverry rate [%]

90
80
70
60
50

Shinkansen

40
30
20
10
0

3/11 3/12 3/13 3/14 3/15 3/16 3/17 3/18 3/19 3/20 3/21 3/22 3/23 3/24 3/25

[Ministry of Land, Infrastructure, Transport andTourism]

8. "GANBAROU NIPPONN" (Hang on Japan)
We received heartfelt and encouraging
messages from FIDIC president, Gregs
Thomopulos and many FIDIC family members. Allof these messages were conveyed to AJCE
members through e-mails and home page. All of
AJCE members are very much cheered up by
friends of FIDIC families. We would like to express
our sincere thanks to you all.
It is our deep sorrow to have many casualties
and countless damages. We are acutely aware
how helpless it is in such circumstances.
However, people in Japan never give up.
"GANBAROU NIPPONN"(Hang on Japan) as
common word, we will surely recover from thedevastation. Members of AJCE as consulting
engineers will be continuously endeavor toachieve swift recovery and realization of disasterresistant city in harmony with nature.

worst in the history of observation. Despite of thestrong magnitude, infrastructures such as roads,
harbors, airports, etc withstood against theearthquake. Owing to exhausting efforts byconcerned parties, emergency vehicles wereable to pass on highways in the next day. After 2
weeks, on 24th March, regular vehicles were able
to pass highways. Fifty percent of harbors
resumed operation one week after the【Emergent Earthquake Advance Report】
Alarm warning system of informing prior arrival ofearthquake via TV, radio and cell-phone thatexceeds magnitude of 5 based on data taken byseismic instruments near the earthquake center.
Average time elapsed from preliminary tremor of P
wave to alarm warning is about 6.4 seconds.
Though lead time before arrival of earthquake isshort after the alarm warning, one can stay awayfrom furniture or unstable objects. Railways aresynchronized with alarm warning system in such amanner that trains will stop immediately at time ofalarm warning to prevent from derailing andoverturn. Elevator will stop automatically at thenearest floor to prevent from containment.
[Japan Meteorological Agency]

Cherry blossom convey spring message
20 April Sendai City

Emergent earthquake advance report on TV

8NEWS LETTER 2011

"Liquidated Damages" - Japanese law perspective

Naoki IGUCHI
Affiliate Member, AJCE
Partner, Anderson Mori & Tomotsune

1. Introduction

word/concept "penalty" does not influence thevalidity of the clause. Furthermore, a contractual
penalty (iyaku-batsu) is valid in Japan. If parties
use the word "penalty" in their contract, it is likely
the court will interpret it as a contractual penalty,
not LDs. In this case, an aggrieved party may
claim actual damages as well as a contractual
penalty.

"Liquidated damages ("LDs")" is one of the mostfrequently discussed issues in the construction law
community. Sometimes, it leads to otherimportant issues like the "principle of prevention,""time at large," etc. However, discussions inconnection with LDs differ in civil law andcommon law. In civil law jurisdictions, once theparties to the FIDIC contracts agree for thegoverning law to be the local law, issues become
different from what is normally discussed, and theparties need to prepare their arguments from adifferent legal perspective. As Japan has been
applying "civil law" since 1898, the Japaneseperspective may help in understanding how
other Asian civil law jurisdictions apply or willinterpret and apply LDs to actual cases.

On the other hand, it should be noted that a LDs
clause may be triggered only if a contractor isliable for its breach of the contract. An
advantage of the LDs clause to the employer islimited to the amount of damages.
3. Case law of common law and Japanese law
In common law, an employer cannot insist on theperformance of a contractual obligation by acontractor if it is itself the cause of the nonperformance ("prevention principle").

2. Civil Code
Article 420, entitled "liquidated damages," sets
forth:

If the employer wishes to recover liquidated
damages for failure by the contractor tocomplete on time in spite of the fact that someof the delay is due to the employer's own fault or
breach of the contract, then the extension oftime clause should provide, expressly or bynecessary inference, for an extension on
account of such fault or breach on the part ofthe employer (Peak Construction (Liverpool) v
McKinney Foundations Ltd).

(1) [T]he parties may agree on the amount of
the liquidated damages with respect tothe failure to perform the obligation. In
such case, the court may not increase or
decrease the amount thereof;(2) [T]he liquidated damages shall notpreclude the demand for performance or
the exercise of the cancellation right;(3) [A]ny penalty is presumed to constituteliquidated damages.

Japan does not have exact precedents similar to
Peak. In stead of relying on "prevention principle,"
Japanese mainstream legal theory provides that,regardless of a LDs clause, a contractor may beable to deny LDs if he can prove that the delay
was caused by the employer's fault. Furthermore,

As can be seen, LDs are clearly legal underJapanese law. The court is prohibited against
increasing or decreasing the amount. Unlike
common law jurisdictions, a party's usage of the9NEWS LETTER 2011
5. What's Next?

even thought a LDs clause is triggered, theSupreme Court of Japan upheld a High Court's
decision to reduce 30% of the amount of LDs
under the "comparative negligence" theory(Furuya v Sugiyama Construction, 172 Minshu
379). Some scholars are quite against theSupreme Court's approach in this case because
it undermines the function of LDs, although it did
not directly interfere with the application of LDs.
However, the Supreme Court's position is wellestablished. It is not sure that this position is basedon or influenced by positions of other civil law
country (France, Germany, etc.) where the court
may interfere to deny or reduce the amount of
LDs.

Japanese major players in the construction
business have adapted themselves tointernational construction law practices, which
had been mainly ruled by the common law. They
noted the difference between common law andcivil law, and separated their legal teams forinternational projects from those for domestic
projects. However, with more projects in newly
developed countries throughout the world, i.e.,
Vietnam, Indonesia, Cambodia, and othercountries in South America and Africa, a "new"problem with handling LDs in civil law jurisdictions
has arisen. It is now time for us to see how theydiffer from the common law and other civil law
jurisdictions.

4. Practice
It is fairly common in Japan to insert a LDs clauseinto commercial contracts. Article 30 of the"General Conditions of Construction Contract(2010)," (the "General Conditions", which havebeen predominantly used in domestic
construction contracts) provides:(1) [I]f the Contactor fails to deliver thepermanent Work within the Contract Timedue to reasons attributable to theContractor, the Owner may, unlessotherwise provided in the Contract, foreach calendar day of delay, make aclaim for liquidated damages against theContractor at the rate of four-ten
thousandths (4/10,000) of the amountdeducting from the Contract Sum anamount equivalent to the portion of theContract Sum that is for the executed
portion of the Work and the inspectedmaterials and building equipment.
These General Conditions correspond with themainstream legal theory in Japan that LDs may
not be triggered if an employer contributed tothe delay; because an employer needs to provethat the delay is "attributable to the Contractor."
In other words, where the completion of work isprevented by an employer, delay should be
attributed to the employer and LDs shall not be
triggered. This logic appears to work similarly tothe common law "prevention principle."10

NEWS LETTER 2011

FIDIC Red book 1999 will be applied to
public work projects in Japan
Dr. Shunji KUSAYANAGI
Affiliate member, AJCE
Professor, Kochi University of Technology

At present, approximately 70 Japanese
consulting firms and more than 100 construction
companies are expanding their business in theinternational construction market places.
Japanese consulting firms keep about US$ 600
million turnover in international markets, which isabout 10% of the volume of the domestic
business. Construction companies, on the other
hand, handle approximately US$ 400 billion worth
per year in domestic markets, but get only US$ 10
billion turnover in international markets. It is only
2% of the business volume of the domestic. The
problem is that the share of business in theinternational market, both in consulting services
and construction projects have been on thesame level since mid 1980s. It means that they
did not increase their competitiveness in theinternational market over the past 25 years. Why
were they reluctant in keeping international
competitiveness although they have welladvanceddesignandconstruction
technologies?
It may be attributable not having appropriate
project management capabilities that are
required for the international construction
market. Most of people who work in theinternational projects feel that their weakness inthe project management is connected to the
management of Contract Administration.
Despite of their long experience in theinternational market, why are they soincompetent? The basic reason may be
attributable to the characteristics of contractsystems in the domestic market. The Construction
Business Act in Japan says that the Owner andthe Contractor shall bona fide (face free andhonestly) execute the contract. The industry has
2 Standard Conditions of Contracts, one forpublic work projects and the other for private
projects. However, both of them are based on
Lump-sum contract. It means that the industry

has only one type of contract that is Lump-sum
contract, no other types.
It is an essential understanding that the Lumpsum type contract will be applied to Design-Build
projects. In Japan, however, it is a common way
that the Lump-sum type contract will be applied
to the design-bid-build projects. Moreover theStandard Conditions of Contract for publicprojects is based on the 2 Parties Execution
System. It has no third party involvement like "theEngineer" in FIDIC conditions of contracts.
The situation has changed now. The Ministry ofLand, Infrastructure, Transport and Tourism (MLIT)
has decided to apply FIDIC Red book 1999 on
the domestic public work projects. Pilot projects
will be implemented starting from the beginningof April 2011. This application will be a significant
issue that will motivate the Mother market of
consulting firms and construction companies for
introducing international business practice. As
the consequences, it can be expected thatinternational competitiveness of consulting firms
and construction companies will increase.
The Mission that we consulting engineers have toachieve is not only raising our competitiveness in
the international market, but also to increase ourvisibility through the fairness, and transparency inthe practice of domestic contracts. It is expectedthat the members of AJCE would initiate thisMission.

Conditions of Contract for Construction [Red book]
First Edition 1999
Left: English
Right: Japanese11NEWS LETTER 2011

Forty Years, As Sanitary Engineer

Masafumi MIYAMOTO
Vice President, AJCE
Vice President, Tokyo Engineering Consultants Co. Ltd.

More than forty years ago, when I graduatedfrom Tokyo University, and joined Tokyo
Engineering Consultants, I had never dreamed
that I would work for a single company
throughout my career. At the very last stage of
my working days, my chance to move out fromthe present company is said to be despairingly
scarce. However, I rather appreciate my services
for the company.

Learning a new idea or methodology is a task foryoung engineer, and I could enjoy hopping
around many places.
Getting to be involved in overseas projects was
my long desire. This was realized in 1976 when I
was given an opportunity to join the Japan
International Cooperation Agency (JICA)'s
mission to Malaysia. This was the first JICA's
sewerage project. It was really a great
opportunity to tap the interesting challenges ofoverseas projects. Luckily, I was seconded
temporary to the other consulting firm to carryout master planning of the project. A few years
later, in 1980, overseas division was created in ourcompany to seek overseas projects funded by
JICA. Luckily again, our firm was successful to get
an overseas project, and I could be a member ofthe project team. Since then I was involved inseveral overseas sewerage projects funded by
JICA. I was also engaged in Cairo wastewater
treatment plant project funded by Overseas
Economic Cooperation Fund (OECF, now
merged with JICA). I was staying in Cairo with myfamily for two years and half to complete
detailed design of a huge wastewater treatment
plant. Unfortunately, Japanese Yen Loan was notrealized for the construction of the plant, I could
not stay for the next phase of the project. It wasa good chance not only for me but also all of myfamily, three young children in particular, toacquaint with foreign culture.

More than forty years of my services are clearly
divided into four phases, i) 1969 to 1980, 11 years,
for domestic division, ii) 1981 to 1995, 14 years, foroverseas division, iii) 1995 to 2005, 11 years,
management for domestic and administration
divisions, and iv) 2005 to present, 5 years
managementforoverseas
division.
Approximately half of my professional career has
been devoted for domestic projects and theremaining for overseas projects. Throughout mycareer, even during managing administration
work, I have been working as a sanitary engineer
specialized in sewerage, wastewater treatment
and water pollution analysis.
When I was involved in domestic projects at earlystage of my career, I was given chances to visit
many cities and regions all over Japan. Most of
the projects in which I was involved were locatedin Tokyo Metropolis and in its neighboring
prefectures. Besides, I visited Nagasaki and Saga
Prefectures in Kyusyu Island, Tottori Prefecture in
Tyugoku Region, Toyama and Ishikawa
Prefectures in Hokuriku Region and Mie
Prefecture in Kinki Region. Sewerage projects
were progressively promoted by the central
government at early 1970s', and a new masterplanning methodology was introduced toenhance implementation of sewerage projects.

I have been a board member of our firm forapproximately 15 years now. Nevertheless, I still
enjoy being a member of the overseas project
team as a sanitary engineer.

12NEWS LETTER 2011

Railway as a Sustainably Developing Industry

Dr. Hiroshi TANAKA
Director, AJCE
President, Tanaka Hiroshi Consulting Engineer Office

1. Introduction
At the opening ceremony of "FIDIC 2009 London
Conference", the Princess Royal Ann provided
international greeting. She said. "In the middle of
18th century the Industrial Revolution including
railway had started from England, and now in the
21st century engineering consultants' innovation
to sustainable development is starting here."In the subsequent sections, I would like tointroduce sustainability and innovation of railway
with its short historical guidance.

categories. The first category is urban train suchas subway, LRT (Light Rail Transport) and MRT(Massive Rail Transit). They operate mainly in themetropolitan area. The second category is highspeed train connecting large cities such as"Shinkansen" in Japan, TGV in France, ICE in
Germany, Euro-train between England andFrance.
3. Main Technical Concepts of High Speed Train in caseof Shinkansen
Recently high speed railway projects are undercontemplation in India, Brazil, Russia, and USA,etc.
Regarding this recent trend on high speed
railway, it is worth re-examine main technicalconcepts which were imposed on constructionof the first Shinkansen that ran between Tokyo
and Osaka.
Chief project engineer was Hideo SHIMA, directorof Japanese National Railways. His supreme
principle was to secure absolute safety
beforehand, no-existence of train-collision indesign, construction and operation stages.
The main technical concepts were as follows:• Construction of truck is on the viaduct or in thetunnel, therefore any railway crossing do notexist.
• The train is composed of electric multiple units.
• The motor mounted in each wheel-shaft is usedas driving power and as braking power.
• The train operation is controlled by ATC(Automatic train control).
• Comprehensive traffic control system isoperated by CTC (Center of traffic control).
• The diagram of train is designed like parallel lineof velocity so as to increase number of trains.
• Trains operate from 6 to 23 o'clock while
keeping maintenance time from 23 to 6
o'clock.

Princess Royal Ann at FIDIC-2009

2. Progress of Railway
After James Watt invented the steam engine in
1769, George Stephenson used a new engine on
the steam-locomotive and his passenger-train
began to serve between Liverpool andManchester in 1830.
In the Industrial Revolution age, stem-locomotive
trains ran in the Europe and North America.
In the half of 20th century, the moreindustrialization developed, the more highways
and airlines spreaded over the world.
Environmental concerns by exhaust gas became
global problem. In this circumstance, theelectrical railway has progressed in two

13

NEWS LETTER 2011
After 5 years of Shinkansen operation, Hideo
SHIMA was awarded "the international prize ofJames Watt" in 1969. It was the 200th year
anniversary of Watt's invention of the steam
engine. This honorable prize is now called asEngineer's Nobel prize.

• Structure of viaduct is reinforced against strong
earthquake in the horizontal direction.
• To further reduce noise, noise protection wall at
both sides of truck and new type of
pantograph are used.
These continuous improvements maintain therecord of zero accident of the travelers since thefirst day of Shinkansen operation in1964. Now thesame technology is introduced in high speed
trains in England, in China, etc.

4. Progress of Shinkansen
In the recent years, Shinkansen has further
improved as followings:• Body of vehicle is made of aluminum to makebody lighter weight while keeping required
strength.
• Electric motor is upgraded from direct current
motor to asynchronous motor connecting withelectronic control system of large capacitysemi-conductors.
• Automatic inclination of body at the curvezone retains train velocity.
• Earthquake prediction and disaster prevention
system is introduced to stop the train before theearthquake hit the train.

Shinkansen at Tokyo Station 2011/02/17

14

NEWS LETTER 2011

Present State of Consultant Selection in Japan-Trend of Procurement in Japanese Government-

Eiji KAWAKAMI
Chair, Quality Based Selection Sub-committee, AJCECTI Engineering Co., Ltd

1. Background
With the collaboration of FIDIC, AJCE has beenpromoting QBS in procurement of public works inJapan. This endeavor contributed significantly forthe establishment of Quality Assurance Act,
enacted April 2005. This Act became the basis tointroducing selection of consultants by technicalproposal (QBS).
Despite of this trend of QBS development, recent
economic down-turn and harmonization among
Multi-lateral Development Banks (MDB)
influenced Japanese Government and ODA
executing entity (JICA) to expand the projectdelivery including QCBS.
This article reports recent trend of consultants'
selection, as to why QCBS was introduced andhow we cope with such development in Japan.
The World Bank initiated procurement by QCBS in1997. The Asian Development Bank (ADB) also
followed QCBS and this trend expanded in many
multi-lateral and bi-lateral development banks.
However, FIDIC has been emphasizing QBS to be
the best procurement method continuously for along time. In particular, Quality Based Selection
for the procurement and consulting services(1997) and the FIDIC Guidelines for the Selectionof Consultants (2003) show the reasons why QBS
should be used in the selection of consultants.
In Japan, with the support of FIDIC, consulting
firms and related associations have been
continuously pressuring governments to selectconsultants for their infrastructure projects bytechnical ability.
As a result, selection of consultant by technicalproposal (QBS) was adopted in 2000 and thisselection method for the procurement ofconsulting service in infrastructure projects has
been implemented mainly by the Ministry ofLand , Infrastructure, Transport and Tourism(MLIT), Government of Japan.

This led the establishment of new law "Act for
Ensuring the Quality of Public Works" (Quality
Assurance Act) April 1, 2005. The law emphasizedthat the quality of the project should be assured
by selecting a contractor or consultant primarily
by quality (qualification and technical proposal).
Recent economic down-turn and harmonization
among MDBs have influenced the public works
procurement as well as Quality Assurance Act inJapan that a bid is evaluated both in Quality
and Cost (QCBS) with due consideration to otherrelevant factors. The cost factor came into theselection process.
2. Initiative of MLIT after enforcement of Quality
Assurance Act
Following the modification of the Quality
Assurance Act, number of projects adopting the
QCBS has increased rapidly. Though QCBS is nota favorable method, it is still a better option than
CBS which has been introduced for a long time.
As the consequences of the modified Quality
Assurance Act, selection method has shifted fromtraditional CBS to QCBS. In the followings are
histories of government initiatives after
enforcement of the Quality Assurance Act:
2005.4 Enforcement of Quality Assurance Act
Trial implementation of both QBS andQCBS started.
QCBS: Ratio of Quality (T): Cost (C) = 1:1,
2:1 and 3:1
2007.4 Low-bid investigation after contract.
The investigation was to check how many
contract winners bid lower than 70% of
the predetermined estimate ofgovernment and to prevent from low
price competition.
2009.3 Guideline for QBS and QCBS was drafted.
2010.4 Enforcement of Quality Assurance Act toprevent low-price bidding.

15NEWS LETTER 2011
4. Challenges and Prospect
After introduction of Quality Assurance Act, thenumber of projects by CBS has reduced. Resultsof the investigation on QCBS shows that quality of
projects by QCBS is better than that of CBS.
Though a large number of local governments are
implementing CBS, some of them have started
introducing QCBS gradually. We consider that
this trend reflect good results of enforcing the
Quality Assurance Act.
However, challenges exist in the following
subjects, so we endeavor to continue dialogues
with government for improvement of consultant
selection.
1. Public Works Projects: QCBS has introduced inplace of CBS, however, QBS should be used
more in Public Works Projects. We have toconsult with our client continuously that QBS isthe best option for quality assurance andshould not be replaced by QCBS.
2. Proper application of consultant selection
method: Application of selection method
differs by each local office. Therefore someguidelines are necessary for consistentselection method.
3. Selection by technical evaluation: In manycases, best technical proposal can not win a
project as the cost factor is relatively high(refer to the Table below). A project that
requires safety, expertise, long-life operation,
etc should be encouraged to introduce QBS.

As low-price bidding continued,
government strengthened pre-evaluation
before contract. If evidence arises as aresult of low-price investigation, technicalscore is reduced.
3. QBS and QCBS Update
CBS : decreasing, QCBS: increasing,
QBS: decreasing(refer to the Table and Figure below)

Type of contracts in 20092009, Solesource contract,
1.3%
2009,
Selection byproposal(QBS),
34.1%

2009, Pricecompetition(CBS),
45.0%

2009,Overall
evaluationcompetition(QCBS),
19.6%

Price competition(CBS)
No. of contracts

8,910

Percentage

51.5%

0.1%

No. of contracts

7,578

Percentage

Selection byproposal
(QBS)
5,112

Sole source
contract

Total

3,266

17,311

29.5%

18.9%

100%

381

6,970

619

15,548

48.7%

2.5%

44.8%

4.0%

100%

No. of contracts

7,823

3,405

5,936

230

17,394

Percentage

45.0%

19.6%

34.1%

1.3%

100%

2007
2008

Overall evaluationcompetition(QCBS)
23

2009

Table Type of Contract, 200916

NEWS LETTER 2011

AJCE Activity 2010 at a glance

J ul yJanuary

AJCE Annual Seminar 【see p33】

AJCE New Year Celebration Party- Challenge of Consulting Engineers in theWorld Market-

OctoberPresentation, FIDIC
2010 New Delhi
Conference

AJCE/CA Young Professionals
Exchange Program YPEP【see p20】

The reporting workshop on
YPEP2010 【see p19】

17

NEWS LETTER 2011

S e pte m b e r
FIDIC 2010 New Delhi Conference" Yakai", Social Networking Event【see p19】- Managing Innovation - The Way Forward

December
Introduction of CE Industry to
University Students【see p19】

Expanding Overseas Business for
Consulting Firms and Outline of FIDIC
Red Book- Role and Practice of "The Engineer" -【see p35】

18

Professional Career
Development Seminar

NEWS LETTER 2011

AJCE Activity 2010

Activity of Young Professionals in 2010
Kazutoshi AKASAKA
Chair, Young Professionals Sub-Committee, AJCE
Nihon Suido Consultants Co.,Ltd.
One year has passed since the Young Professionals(YP) sub-committee (SC) was established. The YP SC
has 3 functions as shown in figure-1 in which the YP
activities in 2010 are shown in red circles.
Topic 1: Activities of YP sub-committee
The YP activities include:- Support training and networking of young engineers
through the participation to FIDIC/ASPAC activities- Promote young consulting engineers' skills to becompetent in the international market- Promote the participation of young engineers inConsulting Industry including students.
Topic 2: YPEP (Young Professionals Exchange Program)
The YPEP continues to grow. It has been operating for
more than 10 years between Japan and Australia. The
trainees from YPEP are now taking major roles in the YP
Sub-Committee. The reporting workshop on YPEP2010
was initiated by the YP sub-committee in October2010. The workshop was very informative.
Topic 3: "Yakai", Social Networking Event
On 3 September 2010, a YP social networking event
was organized and hosted by AJCE YP SC. About 40
YPs from several companies participated and enjoyedcommunication among them. This event provided
opportunity to know activity of AJCE YPs.
Topic 4: Contribution to FIDIC YPF and ASPAC YPF
A member of AJCE YP SC joined to FIDIC YPF SC and
ASPAC YPF SC. We would like to continue positive
contribution to FIDIC YPF activities by sending
representative from AJCE. Mr. Nakajima completed athree-year term. And Mr. Kitano is serving as thepresent SC member since last Sept.
Topic5: Introduction of CE Industry to University Students
YP SC conducted lectures on CE industry and role ofconsultants for University Students.
The lectures were held in Tokyo metropolitan university
on 1 December 2010 and Shibaura Institute ofTechnology on 7 December 2010. Students
participated in the lectures were about 100 and 20
respectively.

Seven of YP SC members lectured on specialized fieldof practice. This event will be carried out continuously.
ObserverEngineering Development Committee
YP Sub-Committee

Chair

FIDIC/ASPAC YPF
1. FIDIC-YPF Activity
2. ASPAC-YPF Activity
3. News Letter
4. Translation Support of
FIDIC News (IFI)
5. Translation/Delivery of
FIDIC News
6. Study of Documents

YP Networking
1. YP Networking
2. Support of YPEP
3. Study meeting etc.
4. Plan/administration of
Events (Site visit etc.)
5. Award for YPs

Public Relations
1. administration of Public
Relations/ Web site
2. Consulting Industrial
Development
3. Secretariat
4. Industry Introduction/
Plan/Support forStudents

Cooperation each other
AJCE-YPG Young Professionals (Optional group)

Figure-1 Function and Organization of YP Sub-Committee

19NEWS LETTER 2011

AJCE Activity 2010

Young Professionals Exchange Programme (YPEP) 2010
-A bridge of friendship connecting Australia and JapanKeiichi KANAI
Chair, Professional Development Promotion Sub-Committee, AJCECTI Engineering Co., Ltd.

Young Professionals Exchange Programme (YPEP)
was established in 1996 according to theMemorandum of Understanding between AJCE
and ACEA (present Consult Australia) to promote
good relationship and friendship between
Japanese and Australian young consulting
engineers, in view of possible future collaboration
among participating firms. In the past 15 years,
more than 100 young engineers from Australia,
New Zealand and Japan attended thisprogramme, and it has been attracting attentionof other organizations like FIDIC, as a good
example of successful overseas training program.
In 2006, after a decade of active andmeaningful exchanges, we added an importantcomponent, "Pre-visit Dialogue", to theprogramme, which requires trainees tocommunicate with host firms' personnel forseveral months before the visit on various issues;
technical, cultural or personal.

The "Pre-visit Dialogue" helps the participants tounderstand each other well in advance and thus
enables the actual training to start much easier.
Last year, 6 Japanese young engineers from 5
consulting firms visited 5 Australian firms in 4 cities
for 3 weeks.
In the post-training meeting held by the 6
trainees to share their experiences with AJCE's
young professionals, they reported that they hadvery stimulating and fruitful 3weeks, full oftechnical exchange, discussion, site-visits,
seminars and entertainment after work, ofcourse. They also reported that they were really
impressed by the difference between two
countries on work environment, work habit andwork-life balance.
I hope that all 6 young professionals will continue
to develop their skills further, capitalizing on the
precious experience, and maintain the networkwith the Australian engineers, which will be theirvaluable asset in the future.
This year AJCE and its member firms will bewelcoming Australian young professionals in
October. I have no doubt that this year's
programme will be a big success again, and add
a new page to YPEP's long outstanding history.

Signing Ceremony of MOU in 1995

Trainees of YPEP 2010
NO.
1

Company

Name

Host Company

OfficeP.T.Morimura & Associates, Ltd.

Takamune Nagata

Steensen Varming

North Sydney

2

CTI Engineering Co., Ltd.

Hidenori Hanahara

Opus International Consultants

Brisbane3

Oriental Consultants Company
LimitedTakayuki Sato

BG&E Pty Limited

Perth

4

CHODAI CO.,LTD

Sumihiro Sawabe

Kellogg Brown & Root Pty Ltd

BrisbaneNihon Suido Consultants Co., Ltd

Kazuhiro Kishi

Arup

Adelaide
Melbourne

CTI Engineering Co., Ltd.

Asuka Ukese

Arup

Adelaide
Brisbane5620NEWS LETTER 2011

AJCE Activity 2010

YPEP 2010 Report
Takamune NAGATAYPEP2010 Trainee
P.T.Morimura & Associates, LTD.

1. Host Company
Steensen Varming (SV), my host company isoriginally a Danish building services engineeringfirm. SV is based in Australia ever since SV
involved in the building services design of Sydney
Opera House in the 1960's. Around 30 staffs workat the main office in Sydney.

remarkable that Green Star, the Australian green
building rating system is used in about 80% of therecent projects completed by SV . Although wehave a similar system called CASBEE in Japan, its
application is much less.
On 13 th October, I went to Canberra. The
National Gallery of Australia has a huge air
handling unit I had never seen before.

The huge AHU at NGA
The main office in Sydney

4. Acknowledgment
Despite of my inexperienced English, I could
pursue the trainings with satisfaction. I owe muchthanks to Steensen Varming for their kindness andhospitality. I would like to extend thanks to CA,
AJCE and PTM. for giving me a precious
opportunity.

2. Pre-visit Training
After the first meeting at AJCE, I sent an e-mail toBarry who was my mentor. I told that I am
interested in the differences in the ways ofbusiness operation between Australia andJapan. It was very difficult to write e-mails in
English as it was my first experience incommunicating English through e-mail. Despiteof this, I thought we could get to know eachother well through the pre-visit training.
3. Visit Training
At SV, I learned various practical matters, theAustralian standards in particular. I compared theenergy standards of Australia with that of Japan.
It was surprising to know that the internal heatloads such as man-made lighting load, etc. aremuch lower than those in Japan. It was also

Engineers of Steensen Varming

21NEWS LETTER 2011

AJCE Activity 2010

YPEP REPORT in 2010
Hidenori Hanahara
YPEP2010 Trainee
CTI Engineering Co., Ltd.

1 Work-Life Balance
What do you think about engineers who have 10
years career? In general, they are called as
young professional engineers. I have beenworking for 10 years in my firm. When it comes tomy specialized field of disaster mitigation
planning, I can advise young engineers. But notengineers' lifestyle. Through this exchange
program, I wanted to learn not only theknowledge about professional work, but also
Australian lifestyle.

site survey.
c) Site Visit: South Bank is located in the rightbank of Brisbane river. As you know, SouthBank is the venue of EXPO88. Now this Area isredeveloped.

Fig2. Kaiapoi Town (north of Christchurch)

2 Overview of Exchange Program(1) Host Company
Opus International Consultants(2) Program
Table1. Schedule of exchange programDate
6 Oct.
~
8 Oct.2010
10 Oct.
15 Oct.2010~
18 Oct.
~21Oct.2010

Contentsu
Gidance
Arrangements(program details)
Blue dog training*a )Site survey*b)(Christchurch in New e
Z aland)Site survey at South Bank*c)
Interview(Disastermanagement, director of QL
D)
Presentation and discussion(in Opus) *d )Fig3. Site Survey in South Bankd) Presentation: Through three weeks of training, I
learned the difference between Japaneseand Australian ways of work-life style. This issue
was presented and discusseda) Safety Training: Learned safety at construction
sites such as BULE DOG TRAINING.
b) Site Survey: On September 4th, an earthquakeof magnitude 7.1 hit Christchurch, NZ. I joined
disaster response team in Opus and went to

Fig4. Presentation of Exchange Program

3 Conclusion
I had valuable experience in work-life balance inAustralia and was encouraged to further nurtureand enhance relationship with my family,colleagues and our clients. Many thanks to Opus,
CTIE, CA and AJCE for providing me a valuable
opportunity and support.

Fig1. Damaged Heritage (need to demolish)

22NEWS LETTER 2011

AJCE Activity 2010

YPEP 2010 REPORT
Takayuki SATOH
YPEP2010 Trainee
Oriental Consultants Company Limited

1. Introduction
I had an opportunity to stay at BG&E for three
weeks in October 2010. This report is on visittraining and pre-visit training in YPEP 2010.
2. Pre-visit Training
Before the visit to Australia, Pre-visit training took
place for smooth implementation of theexchange program. Via E-mail, the training
started from self -introduction, then to specialized
subjects and scheduling of visit-training between
host company and trainee.
3. Visit Training
3-1 About My Host Company
My host company "BG&E Pty Limited" is a highly
skilled group of consulting engineers that is
supported by expert structural and civilengineers. I visited Perth head office for theexchange program. Perth is beautiful city with
mixture of traditional and new buildings.
The office which was rebuilt from a warehouse isvery "cool". In addition, office space is very large
and comfortable, which made me envious.

and exchange opinions. I felt that we need tofollow such a good practice.

Drinking hour in the office2) Projects
During my training, I joined two big projects. One
is GERI (Great Eastern Highway / Roe Highway
Interchange) project. Another one is Gateway
Vision project. GERI project is on the design of
new interchange, and the Gateway Visionproject is on planning and design of new roadlink for Perth airport. I joined site visit, attended
meetings, and made calculation for traffic
analysis.
4. Life in Australia
In the off time, I enjoyed Australia's life with BG&E
staff everyday. I enjoyed dinner at staff's home,drinking hour, climbing, sailing, bike ride, surfing,Fremantle visit and more. It was a precious
experience for me to touch Australia's uniqueculture and lifestyle, and to watch Japan fromanother aspect.

Perth office

3-2 Training Program
1) Working Style
Standard working hours are between 8:30am 5:30pm. However, employees can choose work
hours as long as the total work hour per week issatisfied. Office becomes empty at around 6pm.
I felt the working environment is very different
from Japan.
Staffs' drinking hour is provided in most Friday
afternoon from 5pm. Majority of staffs participate

Dinner at staff's home

5. Acknowledgments
Thanks to everyone in BG&E and CA and AJCE, I
got a great experience and had many fun times.
I hope this program will continue and moreengineers experience this valuable training.

23NEWS LETTER 2011

AJCE Activity 2010

YPEP2010 Report - My experience in Australia Sumihiro Sawabe
YPEP2010 Trainee
CHODAI CO.,LTD

1. Introduction
I had training at KBR as YPEP2010 trainee in their
Brisbane office, Civil Group.
I have given various opportunities and was able
to exchange knowledge through the work in
office, site visit and home stay with David's family.

3. Cultural Experience
I enjoyed visiting pub and Japanese restaurantwith young engineers in KBR and friends afterwork. It was a memorable experience visiting
Koala Garden and whale watching in Gold
Coast. Surely it was one of the Australia's greatest
weekends. Friendly relationship with KBR's staffs
was splendid experience for me.
I stayed in David's house in the second weekendof my training. During this home-stay, I could
explain Japanese culture and custom while
enjoying Australian food.
I cooked myself sometimes as the apartment isequipped with a small kitchen Steaks I bought ina neighboring supermarket were large in size,
tasty and reasonable price as well in comparison
with those in Japanese market.

2. Work Experience
I had training in Civil Group of the Brisbane office,where I assisted the plan of drainage facilities,
and checked the drawings of the LRT design
project in the Gold Coast city. Though I was not
used to make drawings in my work in Japan, ayoung engineer in KBR, Trung helped mydrawings. So I could accomplish assignments. It
was a valuable experience.
I was also able to visit Clem7 Tunnel Control
Center, Brisbane Metropolitan Transport
Management Center (BMTMC) and construction
site of water pipeline (Pringle Hill Tunnel) in
Sunshine Coast. We were able to exchange ITS
technology in Australia and that in Japan. I
recognized the importance of water engineeringin Australia through the site visit.

4. Summary
During YPEP2010 Program, I had much precious
and valuable experience with KBR and made alot of friends.
I thank CA, AJCE, Anna san, David san Leon sanand engineers in KBR Brisbane Office for theirheartfelt hospitality.

Civil Group at KBR Brisbane officeDavid's family

24NEWS LETTER 2011

AJCE Activity 2010

Training Report of YPEP
Kazuhiro KISHIYPEP2010 Trainee
Nihon Suido Consultants Co.,Ltd1. Introduction
I heard about the Young Professionals Exchange
Program in the past, but I was aware that I
wouldn't have a chance to participate in thisprogram because of my ability in English. Despiteof these difficulties, I decided to challenge in thisexchange program because I thought it may be
my last chance to participate in YPEP.
It was quite fortunate that I was selected as a
trainee. I thought it would provide me a golden
opportunity.
In this report, I present pre-visit training and visit
training in Australia and what I learned in thisexchange program.

memorable city for me.
The training in Adelaide was composed of manysight-visits. We visited Glnelg wastewater
treatment plant. It introduces membrane, UV andchlorine water treatment system. We visited South
Australia Water, and Adelaide zoo that employs
rain water recycle system. Further, we visited
Coorong Park by a cruise.
When we visited SA Water, we were lucky to meetwith four staffs in SA Water and we talked about
shortage of water in SA and its countermeasures.
In SA one must pay a fine if he uses sprinklingwater beyond the limit.

2. Pre-visit Training
In pre-visit training, I exchanged E-mail with Hilarysan in ARUP. (She was a trainee in YPEP2009.). As I
didn't have much experience in English E-mail, I
studied a book on English E-mail. This was avaluable experience.
I received reports on water issues in Australia,
covering shortage of water and water recycling.
So I could understand outline of water issues inAustralia before visit training.

Muray movable dam

3. Training in Australia(1)ScheduleOct 5th; Introduction CA, Sydney
Oct 6th-11th; ARUP, Adelaide
Oct 12nd - 21st; ARUP, Melbourne
Oct 22nd; Young summit, CA, Sydney(2) ARUP Adelaide
I had a training at ARUP, Adelaide office. ARUP isa very big international engineering company
whose head office locates in London.
Together with Asuka from CTIE, our training in
Adelaide office was about 1 week.
Adelaide is a state capital in South Australia. There
are many parks covered by grass. It was a very

Dinner with Adelaide staffs

25

NEWS LETTER 2011
(3) ARUP Melbourne
Melbourne is a big city in Australia, and it is wellknown to Japanese .
In Melbourne office, there are 15 staffs who
worked for water group. It is a very big office withmany working groups. My training was about two
weeks. My host was Rhys-san who has worked for
ARUP for two years.

Area of drying sludge in Western WTP

4. What I Learnt in YPEP2010
Through my training, I learnt a difference inwork/life balance between Japanese andAustralian engineers. I think this issue is very hard
for Japanese young engineers.
I felt office in Australian firms was very
composedly. They surprised of our long working
hours. They advised that I should be working
normal during my stay in Australia. I think theyplace priority in spending time with their family.
Further, they try to take long vacation. This may
keep good motivation for work, so they seem nottired.
I was impressed by their friendly culture. Likeshaking hands saying "Nice to meet You!" andcalling colleagues with first name. In Japan ourstyle is bowing and exchange name cards andcalling each other by family name.
I think Australian young engineer stands on equal
position with their client due to their friendly
culture. This is very important practice for pursuingbusiness smoothly.
In the office they talk about various topics. In
Melbourne they have two coffee breaks eachday. They communicate naturally even in shorttime, so I thought coffee breaks were very
wonderful custom.

Rhys-san and Melbourne office that was very large

After we talked about experience in Adelaide, we
discussed about my training plans.
In Melbourne we had many sight-visits, too. We
visited Western Water Treatment Plant (WTP) (verylarge WTP, the area of WTP is 11,000ha!), Eastern
WTP (standard WTP having a recycling water
system.), and tennis parks where they built amembrane plant.
I learned a difference in sludge process between
Japan and Australia. In Japan we use many
processes and try to reduce volume of sludge.
However in Australia their final process is drying
under sunlight and do not reduce volume ofsludge. Sludge drying sites are very large. As
sludge is stable due to digestion process, so its
smell isn't bad.
Australian water recycling guideline describes
various items in detail than that of Japanese.
Perhaps they intend to use wastewater for drinking
in the future. But many Australian don't agree to
use wastewater for drinking now.
On last day in Melbourne I had a chance topresent my outcome in the training. I introduced
Japanese wastewater technology to watergroup's staffs in Melbourne. I felt they wereinterested in Japanese technology such as twostory settling tank.

5. Acknowledgment
I thank ARUP staffs, particularly Hilary-san andRhys-san. I owe many thanks to them. I would liketo extend my thanks to AJCE, CA, our company
and my family.
I hope to contribute in promotion of the YPEP
between Japan and Australia by making use of
my experience in YPEP2010.

26

NEWS LETTER 2011

AJCE Activity 2010

YPEP2010 REPORT
Asuka Ukese
YPEP2010 Trainee
CTI Engineering Co.,Ltd.

1. Introduction.
In YPEP2009, CTI Engineering (CTIE) hosted ayoung engineer from ARUP, Australia. This year, I
participated in YPEP2010.
My host firm, ARUP is an international consulting
company, whose head office locates in the
United Kingdom(UK). About 10,000 employees areworking in 37 countries in the world. As they haveoffices all over the world, they can carry out
projects easily in overseas. In the Australia office,many employees come from various countries
such as UK, Spain, India, China and so on as wellas Australia.
In this year, I had training from 5th to 22nd Octoberat Adelaide and Brisbane offices of Arup.

problems in Australia. My work was to compare
water problems between Australia and Fukuoka
city, Japan.
3. Visit Training in ARUP①. Work Experience
During my training, I visited various project site
such as the Murray River Mouth, wastewater
treatment plant, water desalination plant , zoo,
etc. The most interesting project for me was thewater recycling system in Adelaide.
Adelaide has been facing water shortage as it has
scarce rainfall (about 500mm/yr). It is very
important to use recycled water efficiency.
Treated wastewater is delivered to many buildings,
houses through the pipelines which are distributed
throughout the city of Adelaide. This water is used
for non-drinking purpose, toilet, park, garden, carwash, etc. South Australia Water is thegovernment entity that manages utilization ofwater. They check whether people use water
properly or not every day. I felt the importance ofproper utilization of water. In Japan, as we havesufficient rainfall, we don't usually pay muchattention on this matter.

Picture.1: At ARUP Adelaide office

2. Pre-visit Training.
Hilary was the person in charge of my training whocame to CTIE for YPEP2009 last year. She belongs
to Water Group where I had training. The Group
implements projects in water supply, waste water
treatment, etc.
In the pre-visit dialogue for two months, I
communicated with Hilary about travel schedulein Australia, accommodation, training program,
etc. by e-mail. ARUP gave me assignments on thewater shortage in Murray River and its
countermeasures. Water shortage is serious

Picture.2: Glenelg Wastewater Treatment Plant②. The Life and Water Problems Concerning the
Murray River.

27

NEWS LETTER 2011②. Education of Young Engineers
The rookie employees in ARUP have to taketraining for two years. The contents are
improvement of technical skill communication
with client, etc. I observed that this is similar inJapan.
To become a Chartered Engineer(CEng), they
have to submit the documents on work
experience and undergo an interview. Similarly, it
is very difficult to be qualified as a Professional
Engineer (PEJp) in Japan. YPEP2010 gave me agood hint and motivation to prepare for PEJp.

During my stay in Australia, I watched the TV news
everyday for studying English. Especially, I wasinterested in the Murray River problems. The
Murray River is an important resource of water in
Queensland and South Australia. Recently, inflow
of water is reduced because of less rainfall,
increase of water usage by irrigation, increase ofwater utilization due to population growth. As theresult, water shortage occured in the Murray River.
Some wetlands nearby the River dry up. As acountermeasure, the government of Queensland
has imposed plan to control the usage of water
drawn from the Murray River. As a result, the plan
will cut 800 jobs. Many farmers oppose this plan. I
am anxious to know how the government solves
these problems.

5. Lifestyle in Australia.
During my stay in Australia, I rent an apartment
near the office. I thought that rental fee is high.
Many people are concerned about their health.
They exercise everyday by walking, cycling,boxing, etc. after working.

Picture.3: Water problems in Australia.

4. Pre-visit Training①. Work-Life Balance
Basically, the business hour in ARUP is from 9:00 to
17:00. Some people come to office early morningand go back home early evening. They usually
don't work over time. Most of staffs go back homeby 18:00. This is quite different from our company. I
was impressed that people separate clearly
private life from work. People spend their time with
their family, friends after working as well as
holidays,
I recognized that clients and consultants
cooperate well in a project in flexible and efficientmanner in the course of project development. In
addition, it seems that Engineer's position inAustralia is higher than that of Japan
In Japan, it is a challenge for us that while keeping
good relationship with client, we have toovercome pressure about improvement in qualityof deliverables. We also need to improve work
environment while keeping good motivation,
controlling over time, etc. at the same time. . It
was good opportunity for me to think about worklife balance in the future.

Picture.4: People exercise near river.

6. Acknowledgement
I would like to appreciate CA, ARUP, AJCE, head
office of CTI, river division in Kyusyu branch officeof CTI. Without their support and encouragement,
I couldn't have rewarding experience. I hope thatmany young engineers will have same experiencethrough future Young Professionals Exchange
Program between Australia and Japan.

Picture.5: At ARUP Brisbane office28

NEWS LETTER 2011

AJCE Activity 2010

YPEP2010 Young Summit Report
Asuka Ukese
YPEP2010 Trainee
CTI Engineering Co.,Ltd.

3. Contents of Young Summit
3-1.Work Style and Work-Life balance
We reported difference and similarity in Work-Lifebalance between Australia and Japan as
described in the followings.
(1) Similarity between Australia and Japan• Working hours is 9:00~17:00 including lunch.
• Atmosphere of working (Everyone works
intensively and quietly).

Young Summit was held on the last day of
YPEP2010 in which the details are reported
below..
1. Agenda of Young Summit
Date : 22nd October, Friday
Venue : Consult Australia National Office
Time : 2:00pm Opening
2:10pm Discussions and Presentations
3:20pm Afternoon Tea
3:35pm Discussions and Presentations
5:00pm Closing(2) Difference between Australia and Japan
Firms in Australia• Office space is very large and comfortable.
• Phones don't ring often (Office is very quiet)• Staffs go back home by 6:00pm (In general ,they don't work over time).
• There are many women engineers.
• Overtime work is allocated for additional
holiday.
• All the annual vacation and holidays are paidin case they are not taken. Some people
return salary for additional holidays. Somepeople have few months of vacation.
• Many people change firms or go togovernment entities.
• Position of government staffs and consultants
are almost equal.
• Depend on projects, they are allowed forextension of time and additional cost.
• Specifications are much in detail than that ofJapan. (I saw spec. of about 200pages).
• Engineers can exchange technicalinformation even if they don't belong to thesame company .
• A project scale is large and size of aconsulting firm is also large in general.
• They carry out projects in due considerationof environment.
• Depending on the size of a project, JV orAlliance is formed between consultants and2. Outline of Young Summit
Trainees and young engineers from member firmsof CA joined the Young Summit. Trainees
reported about their training for three weeks. On
the first day of YPEP2010 in Australia, manager ofCA asked us what we wanted to learn during ourtraining. We answered that we wanted to learn
not only technical aspect but also Work-Lifebalance, training for engineers and culture inAustralia as well. At the Young Summit, wereported about our professional training for three
weeks and difference in Work-Life balance , inhouse training between Australia and Japan.

Picture1: Presentation by Mr. Sawabe

29NEWS LETTER 2011
employer. (Alliance is introduced in a big
project like construction of rail road, pipelines, etc.)style between Australia and Japan. Young
engineers in Australia told many times thatJapanese engineers work too much. I think this istrue.

3-2. Qualification and Training(1) Similarity between Australia and Japan• They need qualification of CPEng (Chartered
Professional Engineer) like PEJp (Professional
Engineer Japan)• CPD Program is employed.
• "On the Job Training (OJT)" is exercised.
• Training program for new employees. Training
period is longer than that of Japan.

4. Conclusion
Member of CA said that they were very glad toknow that we could have good experiences intraining for three weeks.
When we started our training in Australia, wewere very afraid that we might face various
difficulties during our training for three weeks inAustralia. But after three weeks of training; we
could learn not only Work-Life balance andtraining of engineers but also had valuable
experience in Australian culture and social life. .
Though we couldn't make impressive English
presentation, we could convey our spirit andmessage to young engineers and CA staffs inAustralia. When we speak in English, mostimportant thing would be to express what wewant, not beautiful speech. Many non-English
speaking foreigners know about this point very
well. We have to peel off our misconception that
"Japanese is shy". We are as competitive as
foreign engineers in technical skills. So let's beproactive as international consultants.

(2) Difference between Australia and Japan
Firms in Australia• Employees need to submit reports about theirprojects and take an oral examination to
become a CPEng.
• In the State of Queensland, if engineers don't
have "RPEQ" certificate, they are not qualified
for a projects.

Picture2: Presentation at Young Summit

3-3. Response of Young Engineers in Australia
Young engineers in Australia showed interest thatJapanese engineers often work over time. Whenone of the trainees showed Japanese engineer's
working hours and life style in a graph, everyone
was very surprised. Many Japanese engineers
take lunch in a very short time (about 15-30
minutes). In addition, they work for a long time.
Engineers in Australia also expressed interest that
deadline of a project is confined in February andMarch in Japan due to disbursement of budget
within a fiscal year. Finally, I thought that we
could jointly learn about difference in working

Picture3: After Young Summit

30NEWS LETTER 2011

AJCE Activity 2010

The report of official event
YPEP REPORT in 2010
Hidenori HANAHARA
YPEP2010 Trainee
CTI Engineering Co., Ltd.

1 Outline of YPEP Activity
YPEP is a program that exchanges the young
engineers mutually between Consult Australia(CA) and Association of Japanese Consulting
Engineers (AJCE). Participants have an
opportunity of working at the host firm whilelearning culture and social life and lots of otherthings in Australia. It began in 1996, and now over
100 professionals participated in this exchange
program. In 2010, 6 Japanese young engineers
had training in Australian consulting firms. The visit
training period was about three weeks.

3) Details of training contents and itinerary.
4) Communication (culture, social life,)
3 Farewell Party
After the Young Summit, we had a dinner in the
nearby restaurant. Of course, all conversation by
the Japanese trainees was in English.
Recently, English is used as an official language ininternational firms. I am certain that all the trainees
will acknowledge this trend.

2 Pre-visit Training
After selection of trainees, we started pre-visit
training. The training was implemented in thefollowings:
1) Exchange of information about trainees andhost firms such as special area of interest.
2) Outline and difference of technologicalstandard between Australia and Japan.

Fig3. Farewell party in the nearby restaurantFig4. KARAOKE

4 Acknowledgements
I would like to thank AJCE, CA, host firms and ourfirms for giving us with splendid opportunity toparticipate in YPEP 2010.
Japan is a host country for YPEP 2011. We hope
Australian trainees will have a wonderfulexperience and discovery in Japan as we had inAustralia.

fig1. Group photo at Sydney

Fig2. Group photo at CA

31

NEWS LETTER 2011

Aussie Beef

My FriendMy Baby?

Chinese?

The reporting workshop on YPEP2010

32

NEWS LETTER 2011

AJCE Activity 2010

AJCE Annual Seminar 2010
-Challenge of Consulting Engineers in the World MarketProfessional Development Committee, AJCE

1. Introduction
AJCE held its annual seminar on 7 July 2010 inTokyo. The seminar was entitled "Challenge ofConsulting Engineers in the World Market",focusing on the way to which Japanese
consulting engineers expand business
opportunities. The number of participants wasapproximately 140 that show a high interest on
this theme.

Challenges on Expanding Consulting Service in the World Market(unit: answers)
0

2

4

6

8

Human Resources

12

14

12

Communication Skills

6

Sales capability

5

Contract Management /Risk Management

5

Cost Competitiveness4

Alliance3
2

Technical Skills
Overseas Bases

10

1(Multiple Answers)

Europe (Engineering News Record), Shares ofconsulting firms in Asian market is approx. 70%.
On the contrary, he commented that share ofJapanese firms is just 6 in top 100. He introduced
the business model called "Infrastructure TeamJapan" in which the government, consultant andcontractor form a team and implement overseas
projects together. This is a way to accomplish
high quality and competence in infrastructuredevelopment while sharing risks by the parties

2. Summary of Questionnaire
At the outset of AJCE seminar, summary of
Questionnaire was conducted prior to theseminar presentation. The Questionnaire was toanalyze challenging issues and to find the waysof their countermeasures on the competence ofJapanese consulting engineers in the world
market The Questionnaire was collected from 17
member firms out of 43.
The Figure shown below indicates typicalchallenges on expanding consulting services in
the world market.
3. Presentations
1) Expansion of Overseas Consulting Service (byMr. Akihiko Hirotani)
The speaker mentioned that approx. 70 % of the
top 200 sales are consulting firms in USA andMr. Akihiko Hirotani

33NEWS LETTER 2011
The speaker also suggested the standardizationof domestic contract with that of FIDIC to accord
with global standard.

The speaker mentioned that consulting engineers
have broad and specialized knowledge fromupstream to downstream of projects, and havehigh potential of developing domestic humanresources as well He stressed his expectation that
it is important to capacity build many people
who are able to manage larger and complex
projects from the upstream to the downstream
stages. From the view point of contractors, heurged that consulting engineers are expected totake into account of the site conditions, costestimation reflecting actual market price, andability of introducing high technology, andimpartial
determinationforsmoothimplementation of projects.

2) Japanese Consulting Industry from a Viewpointof a Foreign Consultant (by Mr. Jean-Pierre
Ragaru)The speaker is the president of a consulting firm
whose office locates in Japan. The firm wasestablished after experiences in several countries
including France. He pointed out thecharacteristics of Japanese consultants basedon his experience.
According to his understanding, Japaneseengineers comply well with standards and codes.
However, they tend to lack application oftheoretical knowledge to figure out the entire
picture. This causes them to remain in groups ofspecialist. In addition, analyses on legal andinsurance aspects are lacking He mentioned thatthe issues to be solved for Japanese consulting
engineers are ambiguity, the slow speed indecision making (where the responsibility lies),and quality control. Language skills are not aprime issue.

Mr. Takashi Nakayama

4. Closing Comments
Although the seminar was held in a limited time, it
was carried out by full enthusiasm of participants.
This shows a high interest of the participants on
the theme.
AJCE annual seminar is one of the mostimportant and visible events. In selecting a topic,
it always follows the major interest of consulting
industry. In the era of globalization, AJCE, thesole member association of FIDIC will continue tobe the leading body to enhance the status ofJapanese consulting industry.

Mr. Jean-Pierre Ragaru

3) Contractor's Expectation from Consulting
Engineers (by Mr. Takashi Nakayama)

34

NEWS LETTER 2011

AJCE Activity 2010

Expanding Overseas Business for Consulting Firms andan Outline of FIDIC Red Book
- Role and Practice of "The Engineer" Professional Development Committee, AJCE

1. Introduction
The Ministry of Land, Infrastructure, Transport andTourism (MLIT) in 2010 determined the major
policies for driving Japanese economic growthand vitality, to strategically promote overseas
businesses of firms in the construction industry. To
implement the policy, a pilot scheme ofinternational order systems and contract
methods used in domestic projects was
examined by the MLIT, as part of the programme
to align domestic standards with global
standards. Therefore, Japanese consultants havebeen growing rapidly concerned about the FIDIC
Red Book which is the global standard for
conducting overseas projects.

professional development committee; and Mr.
Hiromi Hoshi, member of the AJCE international
activity committee.
2. Presentations
1) Implementation of overseas infrastructure
projects by Public-Private Partnerships (by Mr.
Yasuhiro Okumura)Firstly, the speaker explained that the demandfor infrastructure development from 2010 to 2020
in Asia is estimated to be over 8 trillion USD andthat 30 % of the demand would be in the field ofroad construction. The size of the Water
infrastructure market is also expected to morethan double, although it is not expected to be as
big as that of road construction. He pointed outthat Japanese firms need to enter into thesemarkets in cooperation with the public andprivate sectors in overseas markets, as firms in
Europe and the United States have a lead overJapan. Secondly, the speaker cited the Meetingfor Growth Strategy of the MLIT, which is
discussing "the internationalization of construction
and transport industries". To help Japaneseconstruction and transport industries appeal toand develop a presence in the global market,
the MLIT intends to provide the following support:

In response to strong demand, the AJCE held aspecial seminar titled "Expanding Overseas
Business for Consulting Firms and an Outline of
FIDIC Red Book" particularly focused on the Roleand Practice of "The Engineer", on 6 December
2010 in Tokyo, with about 130 participants, mainly
from the consulting industry.

• "political leadership for sales activities with
Public-Private Partnership (PPP)"• "strengthening of organizations and systems"• "aligning of standards such as adapting local
to global standards"• "improvement of the financial mechanism".

The AJCE invited three speakers from the public
and private sectors. These speakers were: Mr.
Yasuhiro Okumura, Director for the International
Engineering, Policy Bureau, the MLIT; Mr.
Yukinobu Hayashi, vice-chairman of the AJCE

In addition, it was cited that: "the Overseas Water
Infrastructure PPP Association" and "the Overseas
Roadway Infrastructure PPP Association" havebeen established to share information, facilitate
the exchange of opinions between the public

35NEWS LETTER 2011and private sectors and support the progress ofprojects in Vietnam and India. Finally, the support
system for overseas development of Japanesefirms was explained.

of "The Engineer" was established in the FIDIC Red
Book of 1973. Then, although the responsibility of"The Engineer" for impartial judgment was clearlystated in the 1987 edition, the level of required
neutrality and fairness of "The Engineer" had been
decreasing. The role of "The Engineer" as an
associate arbitrator was weakened in the 1999
edition. Next, the speaker concretely expounded
the key roles of "The Engineer" in various positions
such as designer and construction manager. In
particular, the task of "The Engineer" as an agentof the outsourcer covers not only what is
technical but also contract management. He
pointed out that this point is significantly different
from that of supervisory staff, inspectors of public
works, and managers of private work in domestic
projects.

2) An Outline of the FIDIC Red Book and the roleof "The Engineer" (by Mr. Yukinobu Hayashi)
The speaker cited the importance of contracts toconstruction projects. These characteristics are:1) Complexity and high degrees of uncertainty
2) Long contract periods3) A tendency for increases in construction
costs and delays in process.
To deal with these problems adequately, quickly,
and correctly, it is essential that 1) the
responsibility and rights of contracting parties areclearly defined in the contract (clarification ofrisk allocation) and 2) there is detailed
documentation of handling processes for when
unforeseen events occur. Furthermore, the types
and features of typical FIDIC contract conditions,especially the outline and background of the
Red Book were explained carefully. Finally, thespeaker showed that "The Engineer" in Red Book
has two roles: as "an agent of the ordering party"
and as "an independent contract manager",and he explained the basic concept of rights ofcomplaint of the contractor in relation to the roleof contract manager.

3. Conclusion
With the shrinking of public investment indomestic markets, many Japanese consultants
have been seeking to expand their overseas
business as one of their main business strategies.
Therefore, it has been crucial that they
understand international contracts, conclude,
and manage them properly. Therefore,
Japanese consultants have been raisingconcerns about obtaining a deep understandingof the FIDIC Red Book to sufficiently prepare forthe introduction of global standardization into
domestic projects.
In these circumstances, the AJCE which is amember of FIDIC strives to widely provide various
seminars, in order to meet the demand ofmember enterprises.

3) Role and Practice of "The Engineer" (by Mr.
Hiromi Hoshi)Firstly, the speaker explained the history anddevelopment of "The Engineer" system. The role

Mr. Yasuhiro Okumura

Mr. Yukinobu Hayashi

36

Mr. Hiromi Hoshi

NEWS LETTER 2011

Project Accomplishments by AJCE Members

Saida Coastal Area Wastewater Project
Principal
Firm(s)NJS Consultants• Related buildings and facilities to WWTP
Project Management Services- Coordination with other relevant authorities- Cost Management- Schedule Management

Project Site Saida in the Republic of Lebanon
ClientCouncil for Development andReconstruction (CDR)

Finance

Japanese ODA Loan

PeriodApril 2001 - March 2008

Type of
Project◆ Planning, Detailed Design andConstruction Supervision of
SewersandWastewater
Treatment Plant◆ Project Management Services

Project Outline
There is a severe shortage of wastewater
treatment facilities in the project area. This has
resulted in the discharge of untreatedwastewater into streams, which consequently
degrades the environment leading to thegroundwater contamination. The Discharge ofthe untreated wastewater flows to the coast andcreates problems in coastal areas that are rich intourism resources.
The objectives of the Project are: (1) to improve
sanitary and environmental conditions for
population of about 0.5 million in 2030; (2) toreduce contamination of groundwater andsurface water; and (3) to reduce the pollution
along the seaside to restore beaches forrecreational use.
Details
Planning, detailed design, and construction
supervision of sewers and waste water treatment
plant (WWTP)- Trunk Sewers (200mm to 900mm x 124km)- WWTP• Preliminary treatment facility (screening andsedimentation)• Pumping station for ocean outfall• Ocean Outfall Discharge

37NEWS LETTER 2011

Project Accomplishments by AJCE Members

AOMORI NEBUTA HOUSE PROJECT
Principal
Firm(s)Molo Design, Canada (Architect)Frank la Rierie, Architects Inc. (Architect)
D/DT Arch. (Architect)
P.T. Morimura & Associates, Ltd.
(M&E Consultant)

Project Site Aomori, Japan
ClientAomori City

PeriodDesign & Construction
2006/9 - 2010/10

Type of
Project

Scheme & detailed design,
Supervision of construction

Exterior

Project Outline
Nebuta House is named for the Aomori Nebuta
Festival, one of the biggest festivals held inJapan. At the centre of Festival activities, it
provides an introduction to local traditions, aswell as serving as a place where local citizens
can participate in daily activities. Its primaryfunction is to enable visitors to experience theunique culture and charms of Aomori, and thefacility makes a strong contribution to thebuilding of the Aomori brand.
The famous lantern floats actually used in the
Aomori Nebuta Festival are exhibited within, inthe main Nebuta Hall. The complex also
comprises multipurpose rooms and an Event Hall
which can be used by local people for a varietyof activities.
The outer appearance is particularly arresting,with 12 meter high ribbons of steel (30cm wide by
9mm thick) forming a screen around the building,each ribbon twisted at a specific angle to create
the unique façade.

©Shigeo Ogawa

Building entrance

Nebuta Hall

Details
Building area:
4,339m2
Total floor area: 6,707m2
Structure:
Steel, Reinforced concrete,
Steel reinforced concrete
Number of floor: 1 basement & 3 storeys
Total costs:
5 billion Yen

Heatpump Ciller Units

38©Shigeo Ogawa

NEWS LETTER 2011

Project Accomplishments by AJCE Members

CONSULTING SERVICES FOR THE PROJECT FOR THE BRIDGE CONSTRUCTION FOR EXPANDEDAGRARIAN REFORM COMMUNITIES DEVELOPMENT IN THE REPUBLIC OF THE PHILIPPINES
Principal
Firm(s)CTI Engineering International Co., Ltd.
CTI-CRSRI Engineering &Environment Co.,Ltd.

people within ARC and outward area. It aims toattain the following benefits:- Reduce vehicle cost for market agricultural
products;- Reduce vehicle operating cost for market
farm inputs and commercial goods;- Reduce vehicle operation cost for trips ofpassenger;- Increase daily traffic of heavy vehicle;- Reduce risk to students regularly crossing theriver going to school; and- Enhance faster mobility/assistance duringcalamity.
The outline of bridge is shown as follows:
Bridge Name :Bazal Bridge
4-span simple PC-I Girder Bridge
Bridge Type :Bridge Length :110.0 (m), 4 @27.500 (m)Approach Road : 182 (m): Malasin side
Length241 (m): Bazal side
Bridge Width :5.4 (m)Project Site Aurora Province, Republic of thePhilippines
ClientDepartment of Agrarian Reform,
Republic of the Philippines

FinanceGrant Aid, Japan

PeriodJuly 2009 - November 2010

Type of
Project

Construction Supervision

Project Outline
This bridge construction project for expanded
ARCs (Agrarian Reform Communities) wasconceptualized within the context ofgovernment's poverty alleviation, food security
and agribusiness development agenda toaddress the unmet demand of ARBs (Agrarian
Reform Beneficiaries) for support services.
Funded by the Grant Aid of Japan's ODA(Official Development Assistance), the Project
aims at i) generating incremental income forfarmer beneficiaries, ii) establishing agrienterprises, iii) upgrading the socioeconomicand environmental conditions, iv) improving themobility of agri-products and living conditions of
the people within and outward areas, and v)
addressing the isolation and other related
disaster problems during heavy rains andtyphoon season.
The Project construction started in November
2009 and was completed in November 2010.
Final Inspection of the Project has completed on
November 14, 2010.

Inconvenient River Crossing (Before Project)

Details
The goal of the Project is to improve the mobilityof agri-products and living conditions of theConvenient/Smooth River Crossing (After Project)39NEWS LETTER 2011

Project Accomplishments by AJCE Members

Consulting Services for Water Environmental and Ecological Plan and
Design for the Guangfo Hopsca Project in the People's Republic of China
Principal
Firm(s)CTI Engineering Co., Ltd.

Project Site Guangdong Province,
Republic of China
Client

New World China Land Ltd.

PeriodJanuary 2010 - May 2010

Type of
Project

Feasibility study
Basic design

Details
Wuhan CTI-CRSRI Engineering & Environment incollaboration with CTI Engineering drafted
rainwater drainage plan and rainwater use in thedevelopment area.
The goal of the Project is to improve the mobilityof agri-products and living conditions of thepeople within ARC and outward area. It aims toattain the following benefits:• Rainwater drainage plan in consideration to
the topography situation;• Study on methods of groundwater level inconsideration to seasonal change of water
cycle;• Basic design of water cycle facilities appliedon purification functions of ecosystems;• Advisory service during construction.

People's

Project Outline
The GuangFo New World Hopsca is the biggest
project as well as the flagship project developedby the New World Group in the GuangFo area.
Hopsca is defined as an integration of hotels,
offices, ecological parks, shopping centers,
convention and apartments into a multifunctional, modern and comprehensive citydimensional space.
Through well-connected plan and unique design,
water system that covered 500 acres water
surface and 4km long lake coastlines from northto south were reconstructed and updated fromthe original Dahao Lake system. Water circulation
and renewal is fulfilled automatically by taking
the advantage of the difference in altitude
between each lake. Moreover, natural wetlands,
constructed wetlands and floating islands wereplanned for purification and improvement of lakewater quality by planting of reeds and lotus,
aiming to form ecological healthy water bodies.
Rain water is utilized in an efficient way, and thus
satisfied the desired water quantity for golfcourse irrigation, road sprinkling and ecologicalwater demand ,thus reduced the flood risk forthe surrounding area in the rainy season. On thewhole, plan and design of the water system
could successfully bring significant economical,
ecological and social interests.

Wuhan CTI-CRSRI Engineering & Environment
Co.,Ltd. has been operating since 2008 underjoint management of CTI Engineering andChangjiang River Scientific Research Institute,(CRSRI), one of the state non-profit-making
scientific research organizations, subordinate to
the Changjiang Water Resources Commission of
the Ministry of Water Resources in China.

Image of cyclic use of water

Ground-breaking ceremony

During construction

40NEWS LETTER 2011

Project Accomplishments by AJCE Members

Second Water Environment Improvement Project of
Ho Chi Minh City, Vietnam (2nd WEIP)
Principal
Firm(s)Table Summary of the project (2nd WEIP)

Nihon Suido Consultants Co., Ltd.

Facilities, items
The length of Canal
improvement
Capacities of drainage
pumping stations
Sewerage service area
Service population in2010
Interceptor Sewer
Combined Sewer
Secondary interceptor
sewer
Capacity of Intermediate
Wastewater Pumping
StationConveyance Sewer
Capacity of Wastewater
Treatment Plant (WWTP)(NSC)

Project Site Ho Chi Minh City, Vietnam
ClientProject Management Unit of Ho Chi
Minh City

Finance

JBIC (JICA) loan

PeriodNovember 2007 - June 2010(extended to July 2011)

Type of
Project◆ Detailed Design◆ Tender Assistance Service

Project Outline
This is the second project of Water Environment
Improvement in HCMC. The project is consistedof 5 packages. The designed facilities areextension or additions to the first project. Outlineof the project is as followed;
1) Review of basic design2) Detailed design of urban drainage
improvement, sewerage development works
3) Preparation of tender documents
4) Assistance in Pre-Qualification Stage and in
Tendering Stage
5) Environment and Resettlement Action Plan
monitoring
Details
Based on Basic Design, Detailed Design includes
existing combined sewer improvement, pumpdrainage improvement, canal improvement,
installation of interceptor sewer, conveyancesewer, intermediate pumping station,
wastewater treatment plant and other facilities.

Capacity, dimension
6.0km
0.8 m3/s and 1.05 m3/s
1,963 ha996,000 people
27.5km34.3km
8.8 km
311.1 m3/min

3.6km
328,000 m3/day

Tendering Assistance
NSC assist the Employer to compile prequalification evaluation report, tender evaluation
report and contact document for each project
package.
nd

2

Area

1st Area

Air view of the area

Present condition of open drainage

Canal

41

NEWS LETTER 2011

Project Accomplishments by AJCE Members

Water Quality Improvement Projects in Taiwan by
Gravel Oxidation Process (GOP)
Principal
Firm(s)◆ Following five facilities along the Danshui River,including Chiang-tsui purification facility, thelargest treatment facility of 57,000m3/day, also
treat satisfactorily with specified performances
within Design Criteria.
◆ Latest challenge has been made at suburb of
Taipei to purify raw domestic wastewater of
4,000m3/day by applying GOP combined withpre-treatment system. This resulted as almost
same level of treatment ability as a sewage
treatment plant. Advantage lies on extremely
lower costs on both initial construction andoperation compared with the ordinary
sewage treatment plants of activated sludge
process.

Nihon Suido Consultants Co., Ltd.
(NSC)

Project Site Great Taipei Metropolitan Area in
TaiwanClientTaipei City and Taipei County

Finance

Local Governmental Budget

Period2005 - 2010

Type of
Project◆ Basic Design◆ Detailed Design◆ Construction Supervision

Project Outline
For the demand on new technology for the riverwater quality improvement by Taipei City, Nihon
Suido Consultants Co.,Ltd. (NSC) participated tothe projects first in 2005 and has worked withlocal partner in Taiwan for the construction of six
river water purification facilities since then. Nanhu
purification plant project is a commemorative
project which started in 2006 and completed in2007 as a first facility based on Gravel Oxidation
Process (GOP) which was originated by NSC
almost three decades ago. Those projects are allcontributing vast comfort to Taipei people who
enjoy the environment with the Danshui River.
Furthermore, NSC made an ambitious attempt toapply this GOP technology to treat raw
wastewater from residential area located on theoutskirts of Taipei. This plant was completed inlate 2010 and treating wastewater with highefficiency beyond expectation.

Danshui Rever(D1)Zhong-Xio

Keelung Rever(D2)Gui-Yang(S)San-Shia WWTP

Dahan River(k1)Nan-Hu(H1)Chiang-Tsui
Hsin-Tein Creek(H2)Show-Lum(K2)Cheng-Mei

Purification Facilities Designed by NSC
南湖橋

放流槽

汚泥槽

Outflow & sludge

tank

基隆河

Nanhu Bridge Keelung River

礫間浄化部

rock layer

Details◆ Nanhu purification, the first constructed facility
in Taipei, has shown good performance toreduce BOD from 50mg/l to 10mg/l and NH4-N
from 20mg/l to 1mg/l at present.

取水部

Intake point

流入水路

driving channel

Observation room

Purification Facilities at Nanhu

42

観察室

NEWS LETTER 2011

Project Accomplishments by AJCE Members

The Construction of Hinheup Bridge
Principal
Firm(s)girders pushing out from the fabrication yard is mostly
controlled on land, thus minimizing the danger of risky
works such as on the pier head. Another advantage iswith the lack of human resources in Laos, this erection
method requires fewer workers.

Oriental Consultants Co., Ltd. JV with
Nippon Koei Co., Ltd.

Project Site Namlik River, Hinheup District,
Vientiane Province, Lao PDR
ClientMinistry of Public Works and Transport

Finance

Japan International Cooperation
Agency (JICA) - Japan's Grant Aid

PeriodSeptember 2007 - January 2010

Type of
Project◆ Basic Design and Detailed Design◆ Tender Assistance◆ Construction Supervision

Project Outline
In Lao PDR, National Route 13 (NR 13) is the nation's
most important North-South International Corridor. It
extends from the capital city of Vientiane to theChinese border at the north end and to the
Cambodian border at the south end. The old Hinheup
Bridge was built in early 1900's during the Frenchcolonial era; however the superstructure of the bridge
was washed away by a flood in 1981. The bridge was
repaired by the Swedish International Development
Agency; however, the obsolete bridge constantly
needs maintenance and cannot fully function with therecent increase of traffic.
Considering such circumstances, the new Hinheup
Bridge was constructed by Japan's Grant Aid
Assistance in order to ensure safe crossing of the
Namlik River. The new bridge is located about 200
metres downstream from the old Hinheup bridge. The
works began in September 2007 and were completed
in January 2010. The total length of the bridge is 195
metres with a width of 10 metres and serves both
vehicle traffic and pedestrians on both sides. Hinheup
District is located about 100 kilometres from Vientiane.
Details
The Oriental Consultants' JV provided the engineering
services for design and construction supervision of thefollowing facilities:◆ 5 Span Continuous PC Box Girder Bridge◆ Bridge Length: 195 m (35+3x45+35), Width: 10 m
◆ Two box type abutments and three RC-wall typepiers
◆ Approach Roads; 755 m=485+270 (Concrete
Pavement)
The PC box girder bridge was erected using the"Incremental Launching Method" which became the"first challenge in Lao PDR". The unique erection with43NEWS LETTER 2011

Project Accomplishments by AJCE Members

THE ZLETOVICA BASIN WATER UTILIZATIONIMPROVEMENT PROJECT
Principal
Firm(s)Oriental Consultants Co., Ltd., with
J-Power, COB◆ Access Road: 20 km in length to the dam◆ SCADA Operation System: connected by
GPRS and an Optical Fiber Network

Project Site North East Region of the Former
Yugoslav Republic of Macedonia
ClientGovernment of the Republic ofMacedonia

Finance

Japanese ODA Loan

PeriodJanuary 2004 - January 2011

Type of
Project◆ Detailed Design◆ Tender Assistance◆ Construction Supervision

Knezevo Dam and Reservoir

Project Outline
In order to improve the poor water supply and to
make maximum use of the water potential of theZletovica River, the Zletovica Basin Water
Utilization Improvement Project was formulated.
This Project was planned to be realized in threephases:- Phase- I: Construction of dam and related
structures, intake structures for water supply,
raw water supply, pipelines and other items- Phase- II: Irrigation System- Phase- III: Structures for electrical power
production
Referring to the current situation, high priority was
given to Phase-I of this project.

Reservoir in WinterConstruction of Asphalt Core

Details
The Oriental Consultants' JV provided services forthe following components:◆ Asphalt Concrete Core Wall Rockfill Dam: 75 m
in height and accumulation with a volume of
23,500,000 m3.
◆ Two intake structures in the Zletovica River:
Discharge capacity of 0.15 m3/sec and 3.15
m 3 /sec (0.65 m 3 /sec for water supply, 2.50
m3/sec for irrigation), respectively.
◆ Raw Water Transmission Pipeline: in total 80 km
in length with steel pipes and FRP pipes

Intake Structure

44

SCADA CentreNEWS LETTER 2011

Project Accomplishments by AJCE Members

The Programme for Reconstruction of the Earthquake-Affected Facilities underJapan's Non-Project Grant Aid 2005 for the Islamic Republic of Pakistan
Principal
Firm(s)Nippon Koei Co., Ltd.
In association with Binko International Ltd.

Project Site

Battagram District, North-West Frontier
Province (NWFP), Islamic Republic ofPakistan

ClientJapan International Cooperation System(JICS)

Finance

Non-Project Grant Aid of Japan

PeriodApril 2006 - August 2010

Type of
Project

Engineering Consulting Services for PQ,
Tender and Construction Supervision

Contract Package 8 (P-8):
Provision of Medical Equipments
Contract Package 9 (P-9):
Reconstruction of 4 BHUs (called as BHU Plus) in District
Battagram
P-9-1: Reconstruction of 4 BHU Plus in District Battagram
P-9-2: Provision of Medical Equipment for BHU Plus

Project Area

Epi-center

Project Outline
Large earthquake, with the magnitude of 7.6 on the
Richter scale, occurred at 8:50 PST on October 8, 2005, at
about 100 km North-Northeast of Islamabad. The
earthquake brought about a number of casualties in theeastern Districts of North West Frontier Province (NWFP)
and Azad Jammu and Kashmir (AJK).
This Project aims to improve health and educational
standards of the people in the Battagram District in the
NWFP by way of reconstruction of hospitals, schools, andbridges (120 sites in total), and procurement of various
medical equipments.
Details
Scope of the Project for the Consultant is to assist JICS in
tendering and construction supervision for the packages
as follows:
Contract Package 1 (P-1)
Urgent Reconstruction of Six (6) Primary Schools
Contract Package 2 (P-2):
Construction of Pre-fabricated Operation Theater,
District Head Quarter (DHQ) Hospital
Contract Package 3 (P-3):
Reconstruction of District Head Quarter (DHQ) Hospital
Contract Package 4 (P-4):
Reconstruction of Rural Health Center (RHC) in Banna
Contract Package 5 (P-5):
Reconstruction of Health Facilities and Schools in Tehsil
Battagram
P-5-1: Reconstruction of CH Thakot, 4 BHUs, and 24
Schools in Tehsil Battagram
P-5-2N:Reconstruction of 5 BHU's and 28 Schools in Tehsil
BattagramContract Package 6 (P-6):
Reconstruction of BHUs and Schools in Tehsil Allai
P-6-1: Reconstruction of 14 Schools in Tehsil Allai
P-6-2: Reconstruction of 13 Schools in Tehsil Allai
P-6-3: Reconstruction of 4 BHUs and 12 Schools in Tehsil
AllaiContract Package 7 (P-7):
Reconstruction of Boys College and High School in
Battagram

Islamabad

Package 3:
Reconstruction of DHQ Hospital

Before Construction

After Construction
Package 6:
Reconstruction of Primary School

45

Package 5:
Reconstruction of BHU

Before Construction

After Construction
Package 7:
Reconstruction of High School

Before Construction

Before Construction

After Construction

After Construction

NEWS LETTER 2011

Project Accomplishments by AJCE Members

Tanjung Priok Access Road Construction Project,
Phase 1
Principal
Firm(s)Joint venture of Nippon Koei Co., Ltd.,
Yachiyo Engineering and five local
firms

Project Site Fringe of Tanjung Priok Port in
Northern Jakarta
Client

The Directorate General ofHighways (DGH) in the Ministry of
Public Work

Finance

Japanese ODA Loan

Period2006 - 2013

Type of
Project◆ Detailed Design◆ Tender Assistance◆ Construction Supervision

Completed Section E-1

Project Outline
Jakarta, the capital of Indonesia is one of themost rapidly urbanizing area in the world with ahigh population growth. However, the rapid
progress of motorization accelerated by rapid
urbanization causes heavy traffic congestions
over the arterial road network. To cope with suchsituation, Access Road Construction Project toTanjung Priok Port ,which is the largest port inIndonesia, is one of the priority projects in thearea to connect Harbor Road and Jakarta Outer
Ring Road (JORR) both under operation

Toll Plaza in Section E-1

Details
The Project details are as follows:- Six lane divided toll road of 26.5 m in total
width and 12.08 km in total length, subdivided
into three sections, namely E-Section (TgPA-E1
and TgPA-E2, 8.05 km), NS-Section (TgPA-NS)
to be connected to the N-S Link of the Intra
Urban Toll Road (0.38 km) and W Section(TgPA-W1 and TgPA-W2, 3.65km) to Harbor
Road .
- Five interchanges- Installation of Traffic Surveillance System (TSS)
Flyover under Construction46

NEWS LETTER 201147

NEWS LETTER 201148

NEWS LETTER 201149

NEWS LETTER 201150

NEWS LETTER 201151

NEWS LETTER 201152

NEWS LETTER 201153

NEWS LETTER 201154

NEWS LETTER 2011

Editor's note

By the time the readers receive this News Letter, Japan will be in full spring. I would like tointroduce some of the articles in this editor's note for drawing your interests.
Mr. Noriaki Hirose was elected as the new President of AJCE by succeeding the immediate pastpresident, Mr. Akihiko Hirotani in May last year. Mr. Hirose delivers messages about the earthquake
and Tsunami disasters occurred on March 11 in which he expresses sincere gratitude for heartfelt andencouraging messages from FIDIC families. He further introduces mission, activities and the prospectof AJCE.
In the subsequent articles, Prof. Kusayanagi and Mr. Iguchi present the topics and trends that arehighly informative and useful in consulting industry. Mr. Miyamoto's long experience as a sanitaryengineer and Dr. Tanaka's article on development of high speed train highlight the contribution ofengineers to the society's needs.
The "Young Professionals Exchange Program" (YPEP 2010) between AJCE and CA, AJCE Annual
Seminar and Special Seminar on "Expanding Overseas Business for Consulting Firms" and consulting
selection by quality could be fundamental and challenging issues among consulting industry inJapan as well as in FIDIC MAs.
In response to President Hirose's message, we added special article on East Japan Disasters. The
earthquake of M9.0 and Tsunami hit Japan and caused massive destructions. A huge number ofpeople are reported dead and missing. We appreciate rescue crews dispatched from all over theworld to the disaster areas, and encouraging messages from FIDIC families. We owe millions of thanks
to you all. We will surely recover from this tragedy as we did in the past.
Ichiro Seko, Chair, Publicity and Relations Committee

AJCE NEWS LETTER April 2011
Publication: ASSOCIATION OF JAPANESE CONSULTING ENGINEERS (AJCE)
3-16-4, Ueno, Taito-ku, TOKYO 110-0005 JAPANTel : +81-3-3839-8471 Fax: +81-3-3839-8472
Email: info@ajce.or.jp Web: http://www.ajce.or.jp
Edit: AJCE Publicity & Relations Committee
Cover: Miho Yamato, Publicity & Relations Committee
Layout: Daioh Co.,Ltd.
1-7-5 Uchikanda Chiyoda-ku, TOKYO 101-0047 JAPANTel : +81-3-3292-1488·1487 Fax: +81-3-3292-1485
http://www.dai-oh.co.jp

55

AJCE Members
40 firms, 169 members, 15 supporting members

Member Firms
A Akeno Corporation
Akiyama Consulting Engineering Office

P Pacific Consultants Co., LTD.
Pegasus Engineering Corporation
Plant Sekkei Co.,Ltd.

C Chodai Co.,Ltd.

P.T.Morimura & Associates, Ltd.

Chuo Kaihatsu Corporation
CTI Engineering Co.,Ltd.
CTI Engineering International Co.,Ltd.
Cooplus Co.,Ltd.
Creative Engineering Research Institute
H Hayabusa Consulting Engineering OfficeHiguchi Consulting Engineering Office
Hiroshi Tanaka Consulting Engineering Office

S Sakurai Giken
T The Japan Electrical Consulting Co.,Ltd.
Toko Engineering Consultants Ltd.
Tokyo Engineering Consultants Co.,Ltd.
Toshihiko Ohmoto Project Consultant
Y Yachiyo Engineering Co.,Ltd.
Yuasa Consulting Engineering Office

I IDEA Consultants Inc.
Ides Inc.
Ikeda Consulting Engineering Office
INGEROSEC Corporation
J Japan Bridge & Structure Institute, Inc.
Japan Port Consultants, Ltd.

Supporting Members
Docon Co.,Ltd.
East Nippon Expressway Company Limited
EBARA ENGINEERING SERVICE Co.,LTD.
ISHIGAKI COMPANY, LTD.
KOBELCOECO-SOLUTIONS Co.,LTD.

K Kiso-Jiban Consultants Co., Ltd.

METAWATER Co.,Ltd.

Kokusai Kogyo Co.,Ltd.

SHIMIZU CORPORATION

Kurosawa R&D Engneering Office

THE SUMITOMO TRUST AND BANKING Co.,LTD.

N Nagatomo Machinery Consulting Engineering OfficeNihon Suido Consultants Co.,Ltd.

Goro Fujie(A&G OFFICE)

Ninomiya Professional Engineer Office

Masaru Kaido(Trett Consulting)Nippon Civic Consulting Engineers Co.,Ltd.

Naoki Iguchi(Anderson Mori & Tomotsune)

Nippon Koei Co.,Ltd.

Noboru Sakuma

NJS Consultants Co.,Ltd.

Shunji Kusayanagi (Kochi University ofTechnology)

O Ootsuka Engineering Office
Oriental Consultants Co., Ltd.
OYO International Corporation

Yoshiko Koizumi
Yoichi Takemura(City-Yuwa Partners)