AFP World News Report 7Makoto Shishido
Kevin Murphy
Mariko Takahashi

photographs byAFP＝時事通信
DVD / Streaming Materials
LESSON 1 : © W
 ILLIAM EDWARDS / AFPTV / DIFFERENT VIEW
PHOTOGRAPHY FOR IBM & PROMARE / IBM &PROMARE / AFPLESSON 2 : © W
 ILLIAM EDWARDS, ARMAN SOLDIN, STUARTGRAHAM / AFPTV / AFPLESSON 3 : © A
 NTOINE DEMAISON, AYHAM KHALAF / AFPTV /AFPLESSON 4 : © T
 INA SMOLE / AFPTV / AFPLESSON 5 : © J
 ÉROME PIN / AFPTV / AFPLESSON 6 : © F
 AYRUZ RAJPAR / AFPTV / AFPLESSON 7 : © S
 OLAN KOLLI / AFPTV / AFPLESSON 8 : © L
 AMBERT NGOUANFO, STUART GRAHAM, DIANASIMEONOVA, FRED DUFOUR / AFPTV / AFPLESSON 9 : © S
 AM KINGSLEY / AFPTV / AFPLESSON 10: © CAMILLE LAFFONT / AFPTV / AFPLESSON 11: © SOLANGE UWIMANA, FABIEN DALLOT, AGNESCOUDURIER, THEO MATTIOLO / AFPTV / QUAIBRANLY / AFPTV/POOL / AFPLESSON 12: © JEREMIE RICHARD / AFPTV / JAKOB CECILHAFSTEINSSON / AFPLESSON 13: © AFPTV / TVNZ / AFPLESSON 14: © RENAUD MASBEYE BOYBEYE / AFPTV / AFPLESSON 15: © RAPHAEL AMBASU / AFPTV / ZION RECORDMEDIA / MONUSCO / ESN / AFPLESSON 16: © RAPHAELLE LOGEROT / AFPTV / AFP

Web 動画・音声ファイルのストリーミング再生について
CD マーク及び Web 動画マークがある箇所は、PC、スマートフォン、タブレット端末において、無料でストリーミング再生することができます。下記 URL よりご利用ください。再生手順や動作環境などは本書巻末の「Web 動画のご案内」をご覧ください。

https://st.seibido.co.jp

音声ファイルのダウンロードについて
CD マークがある箇所は、ダウンロードすることも可能です。下記 URL の書籍
詳細ページにあるダウンロードアイコンをクリックしてください。

https://www.seibido.co.jp/ad692

AFP World News Report 7Copyright © 2024 by Makoto Shishido, Kevin Murphy, Mariko Takahashi
All rights reserved for Japan.
No part of this book may be reproduced in any form
without permission from Seibido Co., Ltd.

はじめに
本書は，AFP-World Academic Archive の映像ニュースで取り上げられた，世界中で起こるさまざまな最新の話題に触れながら，初中級レベルの英語力を養成することを目的としています。英語を聞き，理解する力，英文を読み，内容を理解する力，各課のテーマについて自らの意見を考え，発表をする力を養成するために必要と考える練習問題を，さまざまな工夫を凝らし配列しています。利用する学生が興味を引くような身近な社会の話題について，AFP のニュース映像と読みやすい英文を利用し，基礎的な英語理解力を高めるとともに，英語を聴く力，読む力，意見を述べる力を養成することを主眼とした，初中級者向けの教材です。
本書の構成は下記のような特徴を持っています。
1. Listening は，AFP WAA のニュース映像を各課の話題への導入として利用しています。学生に各課のテーマについて興味を持たせる役割を持っています。
1. Key Word Study は，ニュース映像に出てくる基礎的な重要単語を学ぶことで，話題への理解と単語力の強化を目指します。
2. Listening Practice－First Viewing は，ニュース映像の全体像を理解するための T/F 形式の問題です。
3. Listening Practice 2 は，細かな音の聞き取りを確認するディクテーションの問題です。
4. Comprehension Check－Second Viewing は，さらに詳細な内容を理解しているか確認するための練習問題です。
5. Summary は，映像で紹介されたニュースの要旨を理解しているか，最終的に確認する問題です。音声を聞き，空所を補充する形式となっています。
2. Reading は，英文読解を通じて各課のニュース映像で紹介された問題事例の内容を展開させ，さまざまな意見を紹介するものです。この英文は中心となる話題や意見の提示で，比較的容易に英語で書かれた 280語前後の英文読解です。現代社会で話題となっている諸問題に関する情報を読むばかりでなく，基本的な英語力，単語力，読解力，思考力を身につけることを目指しています。
1. Vocabulary Check は，英文の中で取り上げられている基礎的な英単語の学習です。
2. Comprehension Questions は，英文の内容理解を問う問題です。学生が自ら英語で答える形式の問になっています。
3. Grammar Check は，基本的な文法事項の確認を兼ねた語順整序演習です。
3. Discussion では，学生が積極的に参加する対話型講義への展開として，問題解決型学習（Problem BasedLearning）に基づいた学生の意見を発表させることを目指しております。各課で提示される問題に関して，解決策やその理由について自らの意見をまとめ，個々の学生による発表，グループごとの発表，ディベート形式での討論など指導者の裁量でさまざまな展開が可能であると考えます。
以上 3 部のさまざまな練習問題から，現代社会で話題となっている事柄について英語で考えながら，単語力，聴解力，読解力，文法理解力，発話力，討論力など総合的な英語能力の養成に役立つでしょう。本書を活用し，英語力の一層の向上と，社会におけるさまざまな最新情報に対する正しい理解が図られ，健全な社会生活を送るための一助となることを願います。
最後になりましたが，本書の編集，出版にあたり，ひとかたならぬご尽力を賜った㈱成美堂，萩原美奈子
氏に心より感謝申し上げます。
2023 年 9 月
著者一同5

Contents
リンガポルタのご案内

3

Lesson1

UK (England)First autonomous ship prepares for maiden voyage from UK
自動運転の倫理問題

Lesson2

UK (Scotland)

The seaweed-eating sheep helping tackle climate change
人間の活動と動物の行動への影響

Lesson316South Africa

Video game developers cash in on Africa's booming market
ビジネスのグローバル化、ローカル化

Lesson4923UgandaUgandan children back to school after nearly 2-year COVID closure
オンライン学習へのアクセスの平等

Lesson

530

Portugal

Street art transforms Quinta Do Mocho District in Lisbon
ストリートアートと落書きの境界

Lesson636

UK (England)

Waste not, want not: UK consumers use apps to fight food waste
食品廃棄問題を解決するアプリ

Lesson742

Ethiopia

Ethiopian girls take on gender stereotypes at the skatepark
ジェンダーステレオタイプ、性別の固定概念

Lesson8Africa to press climate finance demands at COP26
気象変動対策と経済レベル
649

UK (Scotland)55

Lesson

9FinlandTourism's gifts and woes for Santa and Sami homeland
地域経済の活性化と文化継承

Lesson1061

Central African Republic

Untapped potential: The Central African Republic develops its agricultural sector
発展途上国への投資 ― 利益とリスク

Lesson68

11FranceGoing home: Europe starts slow return of looted African art
植民地時代の財宝、文化財の所有権

Lesson12

Iceland

Torfaera, the motor sport captivating Iceland
危険を伴うスポーツへの挑戦

Lesson1382

New Zealand

New Zealand outlines plans to tax livestock burps and farts
新税制度 ― 公共サービスと公平な課税

Lesson14

Poverty and activism combine in Chad street theater
格差社会と文化活動

Lesson75

1588

Chad95

RwandaRwandan company transforms gas from "killer lake" into electricity
新エネルギー・代替エネルギーの問題点

Lesson16

Historic German island is nursery for North Sea seals
エコツーリズムと環境保護

102

Germany109
7

Lesson 1

First autonomous ship preparesfor maiden voyage from UK
自動運転技術が進歩しています。自律型の技術を使うことで起こりうる問題や倫理的な問題に対処しつつ，誰もがそのメリットを享受できるようにするにはどうすれば良いでしょうか。

Ⅰ Listening
Word Study −Before Watching the Video−
1 Key
Match each word with its definition.
1. adjustment()

2. autonomous ()3. avoidance()

4. collision()

5. cramped()

6. perspective ()7. predecessor ()8. settler()

9. vessel)

10. voyage)((ａ．先人ｂ．調整

ｃ．観点

ｄ．衝突

ｅ．回避

ｆ．自律型のｇ．移民

ｈ．狭苦しいｉ．船舶

ｊ．航海

Listening Practice 1−First Viewing−

2 Watch the news clip and write T if the statement is true or F if it is false.

(Time 02:28)

1. The Mayflower 400 is an unmanned autonomously navigating vessel.

WEB動画

()

2. Cameras on the boat see a threat and AI plots a new course to avoid a collision.
3. It will be the first unmanned vessel to cross the Pacific Ocean.

()()

4. The team of engineers is aiming at commercial applications of the technology.
5. It may take two weeks for the Mayflower 400 to complete the voyage.

()

()
9

Listening Practice 2WEB動画

3 Listen to the recording and fill in the missing words.
Narrator: The Mayflower 400 is on a(1‑03)

Mayﬂower メイフラワー号（1620年 Pilgrim Fathersを乗せて英国から新大陸のCape Cod へ 66日かけて運んだ船）

collision course. A small boat is inits path. But its cameras see thethreat and its artificial intelligence5plots a new course. Collision avoided. It’s a good result
for software engineer Matthew Shaw who’s monitoring
this sea trial.
Matthew Shaw: It’s very good to see. There’s a lot of work and1

development been10(() ()()())() and it’s nice to see it working in a real-life situation.
Narrator: The Mayflower 400 teamhope it will be the first unmanned
15

unmanned 無人のvessel to navigate across theAtlantic Ocean. Following in thewake of its namesake which took settlers from England

namesake 同名のもの

to America 400 years ago, it will sail from Plymouth,

Plymouth, UK 英国プリマス（1620年メイフラワー号の出港地）
Plymouth, Massachusetts
米国マサチューセッツ州の港町プリマス（1620年メイフラワー号の到着地点）

UK to Plymouth Massachusetts. Meirwen is helping
20

make final adjustments and says there’s a lot of work
still to do before the ship sails in May.
Meirwen Jenking-Rees: It’s possible. It’s just a bit of a2

struggle that we’re ((25)() ()), so we)(haven’t been able to go out in full choppy ocean waves,wind, rain, the full sort of worst-case-scenario stuff
hasn’t been achieved yet.
Narrator: As space for a crew isn’t
needed, the inside of the ship is30

cramped. But there will be room
for several science experiments—
3

measuring sea levels, (10())()()()(), and recording audio to track whale

choppy 三角波の立つ35

populations. The hope is that autonomous ships willallow collection of much more data than manned vessels
alone.
Brett Phaneuf: If we can do that—remaining safe in terms ofother people on the ocean, other ships on the ocean and40

also dealing with whatever the ocean can throw at us
from a weather perspective—[if] the AI systems can dothat, that’s a huge move forward into reducing the cost[if] 映像音声にはないが，文法的に付加した。

of going to sea to collect the data that we need tounderstand the planet better, and that’s really the45

ultimate goal.
Narrator: The ship will be monitoredfrom land using the cameras andsensors aboard and can be remotelycontrolled in an emergency. The

50

AI captain has been trained using thousands of images
and collision avoidance rules that it gradually learnsfrom.
Oliver Thompson: We don’t have to show her every single
boat she’ll ever see for her to know that that particular

55

boat is a boat. There are common features, and thatapplies to the decisions she makes as well. So there are4common features(() () ()) that) (she can apply to all the scenarios she’s in.
60

Narrator: The team say they’re not looking into (()()(()5)()). But if the three-week

voyage is a success, the Mayflower 400 could sail into
the history books, just like its historic predecessor.

11Comprehension Check−Second Viewing−

4 Watch the news clip again and answer the following questions in English.

WEB動画

1. From where to where will the Mayflower 400 sail?
2. Why is the inside of the ship cramped?
3. What is the hope for autonomous ships ?
4. What is the ultimate goal of this autonomous vessel?
5. How has the AI captain been trained to avoid collisions?

5 Summary
Listen to the recording and complete the summary.
1

The Mayflower 400 team wants to send an ((1‑04)) ship across the AtlanticOcean. It will be monitored from land using cameras and sensors. The ship can becontrolled

2) using thousands of images and collision avoidance rules. The team(5) in an emergency, and the AI captain has been(34hopes that the autonomous ship will () more data than a mannedvessel. The ship will sail in May, and the team is not interested in using the technology
5for commercial (). If the voyage is successful, the Mayflower 400 will

make history.

Ⅱ Reading(1‑05)

Autonomous technology, such as drones or driverless cars, is changing all areasof life. As its use expands, it will alter how people live, work, and connect with theworld around them.
One way it will do this is by increasing efficiency. Self-driving cars, for example,
5

will be used throughout the day by different travelers. As the cars are always in use,
it will free parking spaces that could be better used, for instance as parks or housing.
The cars will speak with each other, thus allowing them to drive quicker and arriveat destinations faster. The technology will also improve accessibility. For instance,

12

drones will be able to deliver medical
10

supplies to remote locations or disasterzones. Drones can also be used inother ways, such as for surveying,
photography, or search and rescue missions.
Accessibility also allows more freedom

15for people with disabilities, the elderly,
and those living in remote areas. For
example, robots can bring food, medicine, and other items to people who live inareas without easy access to stores or public transport. As well as increased
efficiency and accessibility, autonomous technology will create new businesses. For

20

example, self-driving cars can be used for ride-sharing services, saving people
money on transport costs. Robots will be used to clean public spaces, security drones
will be used to patrol large areas, and hospitals will use medical robots to performsurgeries.
The introduction of autonomous technology will change things in ways that, for25

now, society cannot fully grasp. But as technology continues to develop, it will
reshape the ways that people interact with their surroundings and the world aroundthem.
(274 words)

Check
1 VocabularyFill in the blanks with the most appropriate word from the list below.
1. Sleep deprivation causes a drop in the (2. The use of filters can () of work.

) the appearance of photos.

3. The pilot had to change the () of the flight due to an emergency.

4. Japanese onomatopoeia is a difficult concept to (5. The team flew a drone to (graspalter).

) the area for potential landslides.
surveydestination

efficiency

13

Questions
2 Comprehension
Answer the following questions in English.
1. How will the use of self-driving cars help people arrive at their destinations
faster?
2. Where can drones deliver medical supplies to improve accessibility?
3. What other examples of the use of drones were mentioned?
4. How are ride-sharing services beneficial for people?
5. What is one use for robots in the medical field?

Check3 Grammar
Unscramble the following words and complete the sentences.
1. The solution to the problem [be, to, situations, could, other, applied].
The solution to the problem [].

2. There is a good network [transport, in, of ,the, cities, all, public, large] in Japan.
There is a good network [] in Japan.

3. The study monitored the participants’ [the, of, throughout, smartphones, use,day].
The study monitored the participants’ [14].

Ⅲ Discussion
インターネットなどを利用し，自動運転と事故を起こした場合の責任について調べましょう。自律型技術を使うことで起こりうる問題や倫理的な問題に対処しつつ，誰もがそのメリットを享受できるようにするにはどうすれば良いでしょうか。自動運転に伴う問題点，その責任の問題の解決方法について検討し，主張，理由など自らの考えをまとめ，発表しましょう。

自動運転の問題点について調べてみましょう。
Manufacturer

Driver / Operator（例）hacker（例）carelessness

malfunction

drunken driving

Discussion Topic

How can we deal with the problems and ethical issues that might come from using
autonomous technology while making sure everyone benefits from its advantages?
MemoOpinion

15