English Abstracts













2S01 Application of nuclear probes and initiation ofmultitracer technique
AMBE, F
(RIKEN)Radiochemical studies through my life are reviewed.
Following hot-atom chemical studies by means of chemical
separation in early days, chemical states of atoms produced by
nuclear decays and reactions were studied by Mössbauer
emission spectroscopy using short-lived source nuclides. For
example, distribution of 119Sn after EC decays of 119Sb and119m
Te in the lattices of SnSb and SnTe was determined.
These results were further utilized to clarify the behavior of
119
Sb and 119mTe recoiled by (p,2n) and (α,2n) reactions in
120
SnSb and 117SnTe, respectively. Chemical states of thesesource nuclides, along with 57Co, adsorbed on the surfaces ofmagnetic oxides were clarified through hyperfine magnetic
interactions revealed on Mössbauer emission spectra.
Perturbed angular correlation of γ-rays was also utilized to
study the chemical states of atoms after nuclear decay, 99Ru in
YBa2Cu3O6.8, for example.
In the last decade at RIKEN, I mainly devoted myself todevelopment of the multitracer technique, that is use of anumber of radioactive nuclides produced by fragmentation oftargets by heavy-ion reactions in order to trace many elements
simultaneously. Chemical procedures to separate multitracers
from different targets were established. All the tracers thus
obtained in the solution are carrier-free. The multitracer
solution contains about 50 elements in case of an Au target, forexample. The multitracers have been applied to the uptake anddistributions of various elements in plants and animals, togeochemical and environmental studies such as complexations
by humic acids and to some basic chemistry of formation of
metallofullerenes. More than 70 papers have so far been
published on the application of multitracer technique.
2S02 Geo- and cosmochemical studies based on nuclear
reactions in nature
HIDAKA, H.
(Grad. School Sci., Hiroshima Univ.)
Isotopic variations caused by nuclear reactions in nature canbe often used to decipher the past history of the geo- andcosmochemical materials and to understand their origins andformation processes. Mass spectrometry provides one of theaccurate methods of measuring the stable and long-lived
isotopes produced in the nuclear reactions.
Recentdevelopments of mass spectrometers make it possible to detect
the isotopes of ultra-trace element with ICP-MS and observe
the isotopes in sub-micro and nano meter region with SIMS.
In this talk, I would like to present the following three topics on
the isotopic characterization of planetary materials:(1)
understanding of nuclear-chemical properties of the Oklo
natural fission reactors and geochemical behaviors of fission
products in geosphere, (2) finding of additional input ofs-process isotopic component and initial abundance ofpresently extinct 135Cs (half-life of 2.0x106 yrs) studied from
Ba isotopic compositions of chondritic meteorites, and (3)geochemical determination of the double beta decay half-life of100
Mo from Ru isotopic analyses of terrestrial molybdenites.
2S03 Spin crossover complexes- scientific significance ofmagnetic behavior and functions
MAEDA Y.
(Kyushu Univ.)

The multi functions of spin crossover iron(III) complexes are
discussed after the basic properties of the spin crossoveriron(III) complexes are introduced. The recent study of thespin crossover is focused on new functions produced by using
spin crossover complexes of Metallomesogens, binuclear metal
complexes and polymeric metal complexes because there havebeen over 70 years since the first report by Cambi and Szegö.
The following topics are discussed in detail.
1. The difference of molecular structure between
heat-excited electronic state and light excited one.
2. Metallomesogens with spin-transition phenomena
3. Reverse spin transition
We expect that practical materials are developed in near future.
2S04 Cosmic origins of life
NAGANUMA, T.
(Grad. School Biosphere Sci., Hiroshima Univ.)
Origin of life on Earth has been contemplated largely withhypotheses counting on indigenous emergence or exogenoustransfer of “life seeds” or panspermia. Comets and meteorites
would serve as life-carrying “panspermian arks” to seedpotentially habitable planets such as prebiotic Earth. Success ofexogenous transfer depends on survivability of life encrusted incomets and meteorites, for example, as interplanetary andinterstellar carriers. Likelihood of survival may be estimated on
the basis of (i) hit rates and intensities of cosmic rays duringtransfer, and (ii) heat and mechanical shock generated by entry
and landing impact. While the latter has been assessed despite
uncertainties (velocity and angle of entry, presence of
atmosphere/ocean, and size of a carrier), the former has been
only conceptually considered. A major concern has been the hitof high-energy but low-frequency rays that react with
comet/meteorite-building materials to generate secondary orsequential radiations, or hadron shower. The energy of hadron
shower radiations may be high enough to damage life inshallow interior, and could be lowered to non-lethal levels indeep interior. Thus the occurrence of internal habitable zones,
or protectable bodies, depends on the frequency and energy of
hit rays and the size of life carriers.
3S01 Chemical studies of rutherfordium and nobelium on
an atom-at-a-time scale
TOYOSHIMA, A.
(Advanced Sci. Res. Center, Japan Atomic Energy Agency)
Chemical studies of element 104, rutherfordium (Rf) andelement 102, nobelium (No) in aqueous solution conducted at
the JAEA tandem accelerator will be presented.
Anion-exchange behavior of 261Rf produced in the 248Cm(18O,5n) reaction was systematically investigated in hydrofluoric
acid and nitric acid mixed solutions using a rapid chemistry
apparatus to elucidate fluoride complexation of Rf. It was
found that Rf forms the hexafluoro complex [RfF6]2- which isthe same species as the lighter homologues Zr and Hf, andformation of the Rf complex is much weaker than that of thehomologues. Oxidation of 255No produced in the 248Cm(12C,5n) reaction was studied using an electrochemistry apparatus
combined with a chromatographic separation techniqueavailable for single atoms. It was substantiated that No2+ is
successfully oxidized to No3+ in α-hydroxyisobutyric acidsolution using the present apparatus.
1H01 Residual radioactivity at Atomic-Bomb dome
SHIZUIMA, K.

( Grad. School Eng., Hiroshima Univ.)
Atomic-Bomb dome was constructed in 1914 as an products
exhibition center. In 1996, A-Dome as well as Miyajima areregistered as world heritages by UNESCO. Many persons areafraid whether residual radioactivity still exists in Hiroshima
and affects people in there. It is clear that residual radioactivity
is negligibly small today, however one can detect
neutron–induced activities from iron samples, bricks andcopper samples in Hiroshima by using high sensitive modern
detectors. We have collected various samples from the A-Domeduring past twice preservation construction. (1) In 1990, thearch shaped iron frame at the top of the A-Dome wasexchanged to new frame. A-bomb exposed iron plates were
sampled. Neutron induced 60Co was observed from the irons
samples.(2) In 2002-2003 during the third preservation
construction, we have sampled copper plates from the
A-Dome. The sample was cut for three pieces and dispensed to
US group. (3) At that time, the ground was excavated toconstruct supports for preservation. Small copper pieces whichwere copper plates covered the Dome were found from theground. Measurement of 63Ni halflife:100y
produced
63
Cu(n,p)63Ni were performed to evaluate fast neutron fluence
from the A-bomb.
1H02 Measurement of 63Ni produced by the Hiroshima
atomic bomb
SHIBATA, S.
(Research Reactor Institute, Kyoto University)
From the analysis of radionuclides produced by thethermal-neutron capture reaction, it was pointed out that thederived neutron spectrum for the Hiroshima atomic bomb isharder than the spectrum given in the Dosimetry System 1986
(DS86). In decommissioning the FM/FF cyclotron at Institutefor Nuclear Study, University of Tokyo, we measured theresidual radioactivities of 55Fe, 60Co and 63Ni. During theprocess of these measurements, it was found that the 63Ni
produced by 63Cu(n,p)63Ni provides a unique measure toestimate the fast-neutron fluence of the Hiroshima atomic
bomb. Thus, as basic nuclear data for the estimation, theexcitation function for 63Cu(n,p)63Ni was measured using p-T,
d-D and d-T neutrons from the 4.5 MV dynamitron accelerator
at Fast Neutron Laboratory of Tohoku University, and the 63Ni
in copper samples exposed by the Hiroshima atomic bomb wasdetermined. The chemical separation scheme for nickel
previously developed in decommissioning the FM/FF cyclotron
was improved. The 63Ni separated from the copper samples
was measured by liquid scintillation method. The results
obtained for the Hiroshima samples are consistent with thevalues calculated by a new Dosimetry System 2002 (DS02).
1H03 Identification of plutonium released from Nagasaki
atomic bomb
Approach of measurement of 240Pu/239Pu isotope ratio by
ICP-MSSAITO-KOKUBU, Y.
(JAEA)
Study of plutonium released from Nagasaki atomic bomb inthe environment provides information for understanding of
behavior and migration of plutonium for several decades,
because the source of the release was evident and Nagasaki is
one of the oldest cities where plutonium was deposited.
Alpha-ray spectrometry of Pu was mainly used to assess theplutonium. However it was difficult to discriminate theplutonium due to atomic explosion in Nagasaki from global
fallout by 238Pu/239+240Pu activity ratio. In this study, 240Pu/239Pu
ratio measured by ICP-MS was used to identify the source of
Pu. Depth profile of the Pu in a sediment core collected at
Nishiyama reservoir, Nagasaki city was determined to obtain
depositional record of the Pu from the atomic bomb for 60
years. The profile revealed that the plutonium from the atomic
bomb was deposited abruptly after the explosion and also
deposited together with that from the nuclear tests. The Pu wasmeasured in surface soils collected around the hypocenter of
the atomic bomb to identify geographical distribution of the Pu
from the atomic bomb. The results of the ratios indicated thatthe plutonium was deposited to about 100 km east from the
hypocenter.
1H04 Dosimetry system for atomic bombs: DS02 anddosimetric calculation after DS02
Endo, S., Tanaka, K.
(Graduated School of Engineering, Hiroshima University1,
Sapporo Medical University2)
The first atomic bomb was dropped in Hiroshima on August
6, 1945, and the second atomic bomb was dropped in Nagasaki
on that August 9. After these, high frequency incidences ofcataract and leukemia were observed on the atomic-bomb
survivors. Dose estimation was necessary to study a radiation
effects on the atomic-bomb survivors. The dosimetric systemwere established as Tentative dosimetric system 1965 (T65D)
in 1965 and Tentative dosimetric system (T57D), 1957.
These were tentative systems and were expected for necessary
modification in the future. It was stated the substantial atomic
bomb dosimetric reevaluation in 1981 and established as
Dosimetry System 1986 (DS86) in 1987. Amounts of neutron
dose was reduced to 1/5-1/9 in DS86 from T65D.
To establish precise dosimetric system after DS86, it wasstarted reevaluation from 2000. The new dosimetric system
2002 (DS02) was established in 2003. In this system,working group in the USA re-calculated source term andradiation transport with recent data. The DS02 is good
accuracy for dose estimation, but It was not an essential change
about the results from DS86. The out line of DS02 is
introduced in this presentation.
After DS02, we made several check for DS02. Recently,
we estimate dose of radiation from activated materials induced
by atomic bomb neutrons. This is for a dose estimation ofearly entrance survivor. The “early entrance survivors” whowere located far away from the hypocenter at the time of theatomic bomb explosion and entered the exposed area later.
Possible exposure of the “early entrance survivors” is due toradiations from activated materials by atomic bomb neutrons.
In this sense, activated materials are the main factor for “early
entrance survivors”.
Dose estimation of radiation from
activated materials by atomic bomb neutrons is introduced as
our recent calculation.
1H05 Assessment of individual radiation dose of atomic
bomb survivors
Nori Nakamura(Radiation Effects Research Foundation)
At ABCC (Atomic Bomb Casualty Commission) and RERF,
a long-term epidemiologic study has been conducted for about
120,000 survivors. The estimated radiation risks derived fromthe study are unprecedented, while it became possible only
because individual doses could be estimated. For this purpose,various parameters were needed; e.g., distance from the
hypocenter and shielding conditions including the type ofhouses, but such information was taken nearly 10 years after
the exposure, which could be a source of uncertainty. The only
possible indices for biological dosimetry are chromosome
aberration frequency in blood lymphocytes and measurement ofbicarbonate radicals in tooth enamel by means of electron spinresonance (ESR). Current summary will be presented.
1A01 Sequential Ion-Exchange Separation for Isotopic
and Quantitative Analyses of Trace Amounts of U, Th, Pb
and Lanthanoid
MIYAMOTO, Y., YASUDA, K., KOKUBU-SAITO, Y.,
MAGARA, M., USUDA, S.
(JAEA)
The authors investigated separation scheme of trace amountsof U, Th, Pb and lanthanoid using an anion-exchange column
to analyse the abundance and isotopic ratio of those elements inenvironmental samples. An ICP-MS calibration standard
containing U, Th, Pb, lanthanoid and the other elements of 50
ng each was used as a sample for this investigation. It was
found that mixed-media of acetic acid, HCl and HNO3 wasgood eluant for the separation of the interested elements,
particularly, the separation of lanthanoid from Th. By using
the mixed-media of 90% acetic acid and 0.5 M - HNO3, alkali
metal and alkaline earth elements, which are mostly major
constituents of environmental samples, were washed out, but
the interested elements were kept on the column bed.
Lanthanoid was completely separated from Th by eluting withthe mixed-media which consist of 80-90% acetic acid, 0.7-0.9
M HCl and more than 0.7 M HNO3. Lanthanoid, Th, Pb andU were eluted sequentially with two types of the mixed-mediaof acetic acid, HCl and HNO3; the mixture of methanol and
HCl; 9M-HCl; 0.1M-HCl. This sequential ion-exchange
separation technique will be applied to isotopic and quantitative
analyses for environmental samples.
1A02 Quality control and uncertainty of measurement inultra-trace analysis of nuclear materials−Toward higher reliability in the safeguards environmental
sample analysis−
USUDA, S.,1 MAGARA, M.,1 ESAKA, F.,1 SAKURAI, S.,1
LEE, C.G.,.1 YASUDA, K.,1 SAITO-KOKUBU, Y.,1 SUZUKI,
D.,1 SHINOHARA, N.,1 MURATA, F.2 (JAEA,1 RADA2)JAEA (Japan Atomic Energy Agency) has been conducting
the environmental sample analysis, which is one of the IAEA’s
safeguards measures. In the analysis, isotope ratios ofultra-trace amounts of nuclear materials (uranium andplutonium) in samples taken from nuclear facilities are
determined to detect ‘environmental signature’ of undeclared
nuclear materials and activities. In order to keep the reliabilityof the measurement results, validation of analytical methods
and estimation of uncertainty of measurement in such
ultra-trace analysis should be properly done in accordance withworldwide standards. In this presentation, the authors reportcurrent activities and future perspectives of achievement of
QA/QC (quality assurance & quality control) including
estimation of uncertainty at CLEAR, a member of the IAEA’s
Network Analytical Laboratories for the environmental
samples.
1A03 Decadal variation of 240Pu/239Pu atom ratios inwater columns of the Japan Sea

YAMADA, M., ZHENG, J.
(Environ. Rad. Effects Res. Group, Natl. Inst. Radiol. Sci.,)
The atom ratio of 240Pu/239Pu is known to be a useful tracer
to identify the sources of plutonium in the ocean. The
objectives of this study are to measure the 239+240Pu activities
and 240Pu/239Pu atom ratios in seawater from the Japan Sea andto discuss the transport processes of plutonium in the oceanic
margin. The 240Pu/239Pu atom ratios were measured with
SF-ICP-MS, which was equipped with a guard electrode toeliminate secondary discharge in the plasma and to enhanceoverall sensitivity. The 239+240Pu inventories were 42.8 Bq m-2
obtained for 1984 and 86.6 Bq m-2 obtained for 1993 in the
Yamato basin. The inventories obtained for 1993 in the
Yamato Basin were about two times higher than that (42.2 Bqm-2) of the expected cumulative deposition density of
atmospheric global fallout at the latitude of 30 – 40°N. The
atom ratios of 240Pu/239Pu showed no notable variation fromsurface to the bottom with an average ratio of 0.24. Thesehigh atom ratios proved the existence of close-in fallout
plutonium originating from the Pacific Proving Grounds.
1A04 Rapid determination of short-lived radionuclides,
241
Pu and 241Am in environmental samples using
SF-ICP-MS
ZHENG, J.,1 YAMADA, M.1(National Inst. Radiol. Sci.1)
Studies on the distribution and behavior of 241Pu and 241Am
in the environment is of great importance for radioecology andenvironmental radioactivity monitoring. Due to the decay of241
Pu, 241Am is continuously increasing and will reach its
maximum activity in the middle of the 21st century. The
activity ratio between 241Pu and 239Pu is a useful tracer forsource identification, similar to 240Pu/239Pu fingerprint, and the241
Pu → 241Am decay study could provide information about
the release time of Pu in the environment. In addition, 241Am is
an ideal geochemical tracer to study the process of particle
scavenging. Recently, we explored the feasibility ofdetermination of 241Pu and 241Am in environmental samples
using sector-field ICP-MS (SF-ICP-MS). We modified theanion-exchange chromatographic separation and purification
procedure for Pu isotopes, with particular emphasis on reducing
the background at m/z 241 as a result of elimination of PbCl+
polyatomic interference using HBr for Pu elution, instead of thecommonly used NH4I-HCl system. Using SF-ICP-MS with ahigh efficiency sample introduction system (APEX-Q), we
achieved a detection limit of 0.5 fg/ml, or ca. 2 mBq/g. For
241
Am, we developed a rapid analytical method using a
selective CaF2 co-precipitation followed by extraction
chromatography to effectively remove sample matrix andpre-concentrate 241Am. Low detection limit of 0.32 fg/g or
0.041 mBq/g, which is better than that of alpha counting, wasachieved. Applications to various environmental samples will
be discussed.
1A05 Simplification of Tritium Measurement in theEnvironmental Water by means of Liquid Scintillation
Counter
SAKUMA, Y.1, OGATA, Y.2(NIFS1, Nagoya Univ.2)
Liquid scintillation counting is now the most popular method to measure thetritium concentration in the low level water samples such as environmental
water samples. In the present environment water in Japan, the tritium
concentration has become lower than 1 Bq/kg-H2O which is within thedetective limit by the low background liquid scintillation counter. Then theelectrolyte enrichment is needed before the liquid scintillation counting. It takes
however much time with a lot of doing to achieve it. In the light of it, we haveinvestigated to introduce new apparatuses and new techniques. As the result, wehave achieved to measure at most 0.02 Bq/kg-H2O with 2 days concentrationand 1,000 min liquid scintillation counting. Using this new procedure, we havemeasured the tritium concentration of several sampling points for five years.
Almost all of samples had the concentration between 0.1 Bq/kg-H2O and 0.5
Bq/kg-H2O.
1A06 An examination of simple purification method forautomatic seawater tritium measurement
1
1
KOFUJI,H.
,AKIHAMA,N.
,SAKUMA,Y.
2
1,KAWAMURA,H.
( Japan Marine Science Foundation 1, National istitute for
Fusion Science2 )The reverse osmosis membrane method as simple and quick
desalination procedure was examined to application forseawater tritium measurement. The RO method is safe andsaving electric power consumption, therefore, the method issuitable for automatic processing. Seawater samples artificial
and sampling from harbor area and open ocean were purified
by hand-operated desalinator (KATADYN Suvivor 06), and apart of desalinated samples was distilled by reduced pressure.
The electro conductivity of the desalination samples was about
0.5 mS/cm, and the salinity of about 99% was removed fromseawater samples salinity 33-34. There was no difference
from desalination sample and distillation sample in the result of
measuring by liquid scintillation counter after sufficient timefrom mixing with scintillator cocktail (Ultimagold-LLT).
And decreasing tendency of chemical luminescence in
immediately measuring after mixing with some scintillator
cocktails (Ultimagold-LLT, Ultimaflo-M, Aquasol2) was alsosimilar to desalination sample and distillation sample. In
these results, the RO method can be applied as purification
method for tritium measurement in the seawater sample.
1A07
Translocation of rhenium in a plant -Use ofrhenium as a chemical analogue of technetiumTAGAMI, K., UCHIDA, S.
(Biospheric assessment for waste disposal, Natl. Inst. Radiol.
Sci.)
Technetium-99 (99Tc) is of potential long-term importance inenvironmental dose assessment because it has a long half-lifeof 2.11x105 y and it is produced by thermal neutron fissions ofuranium-235 and plutonium-239 giving a relatively high fission
yield (ca. 6 %). The most stable chemical form of Tc in thesurface environment is pertechnetate, TcO4-, which has a highavailability for plants. It is well known that Tc is highly
accumulated in plants among non-nutrient elements, however,its retranslocate to other plant parts was not clear. In this study,
therefore, a tracer experiment, growing plants (radish,Raphanus sativus L.) in a nutrient solution culture, was carriedout to compare distributions of Tc and Re (as a chemical
analogue of Tc) in plants, and then, Re translocation in a plant
was studied. The results showed that the Re distribution pattern
in a plant is the same as that of Tc, and both elements werehighly concentrated in leaves through fine roots. The Re in
leaves did not move to other plant parts, that is, Re was fixed in
the leaves and no re-translocation was observed.
1A08
Behavior
Mushroomsofenvironmental

radioactivity

in

KOURA, T., KAWABATA, T., YOSHIMOTO, T.,
KAKIMOTO, H.
(Ishikawa Prefectural Institute of Public Health andEnvironmental Science)
Although it has been more than 20 years from last nuclear
weapon tests in the atmosphere or Chernobyl reactor accident,
adioactive Cesium (Cs-137), which came from above events, isstill detected in some foods. Especially, it is well known thatmushroom shows the high concentration of Cs-137 comparedwith other foods.
In the present study, we investigated the behaviors of
Cs-137 in various kind of wild mushrooms that were collectedin the forest in Nanao city, Noto peninsula, Japan.
We report the difference in concentrations of Cs-137
between species, the uneven distribution of Cs-137 in themushroom’s body and the substratum-to-mushroom transfer
factor (TF) of Cs-137.
In general, the higher concentration of Cs-137 was observedin the upper part of mushroom’s body. The TFs of Cs-137 in
the most of mushrooms were higher than those of K-40.
1B01 Development of Spent Fuel Reprocessing Process bySelective Sulfurization- Study on the Pu Sulfurization by the use of 236Pu Kirishima, A., Nihei, T., Mitsugashira, T., Sato, N.
(Institute of Multidisciplinary Research for Advanced Materials,
Tohoku University)
For the recovery of fissile materials from spent nuclear fuel,a novel reprocessing process based on selective sulfurization
was examined. This process consists of selective sulfurizationof fission products (FPs) and dissolution of sulfurized FPs withdilute acid solution. In this study, the sulfurization behavior of
uranium oxides and doped Pu by CS2 was studied by using
236
Pu tracer. The 236Pu tracer was produced using the reaction
237
Np(γ, n)236mNp →236Pu. An encapsulated 237NpO2 (237Np
was 30 mg) in an evacuated quartz tube was placed behind a Pt
converter, then, irradiated for 10 hours by bremsstrahlung fromthe electron LINAC of Laboratory of Nuclear Science, Tohoku
University, where the average beam energy was 50 MeV. 236Pu
tracer was isolated from 237Np and fission products. The
isolated 236Pu was used for preparation of 236Pu doped U3O8
sample. This sample was sulfurized at 400 , 450
and500
by flowing CS2 gas for 1 hour. After sulfurization, thesample was immersed into 1M nitric acid solution and shaken
for 1 hr at 50 oC. Then, the solution was separated by suction
filtration to determine relative concentration of Pu and U in thesolution by α spectrometry. The results indicate that uraniumand doped plutonium are scarcely sulfurized and dissolved into
1M HNO3 at sulfurization temperature below 500 oC, which isfavorable for the separation of Pu and U from rare earth
elements since those are supposed to be sulfurized anddissolved into 1M HNO3 under this condition.
1B02
Adsorption behavior of f-elements on tertiary
pyridine resin in aqueous alkali metal chloride solution
SUZUKI, T.1, TANAKA, M.1, KOYAMA, S. 2
(Res. Lab. Nucl. Reactor, Tokyo Tech,1 O-arai center., JAEA2)
The tertiary pyridine resin has two functions, one is a weakly
basic anion exchanger and another is a soft donor ligand. These
functions differently appear in different kinds of solutions or
depending on the adsorbing ions. In the present work, theadsorption behavior of f-elements on the tertiary pyridine resin
in aqueous alkali metal chloride solution is investigated byusing chromatographic technique.
It was confirmed that
actinides (An: Am and Cm) were eluted after elution oflanthanides (Ln) , and Cm is eluted before Am. These elution
tendencies are similar to the case of hydrochloric acid system.
On the contrary, it was found that the lighter lanthanides iseluted ahead of the heavier lanthanides except Gd, and thiselution order is quite opposite of the case of hydrochloric acidsystem.
1B03 Separation of Actinide ion based on Electrolytic
extraction by Flow Electrolysis Cell for Rapid Ion Transfer
KITATSUJI, Y.1, OKUGAKI, T.2, KASUNO, M.3, MAEDA,
K.2, KIMURA, T.1, YOSHIDA, Z.1, KIHARA, S.4(JAEA1, Dep. Chem., Kyoto Inst. Tech. 2, Fac. Sci. Tech.,
Ryukoku Univ. 3, Fac. Edu., Kumamoto Univ. 4)
The novel solvent extraction and separation method for
actinide ions based on the electrolytic ion-transfer at theinterface between aqueous and organic solution phases wasdeveloped. Flow Electrolysis Cell for Rapid Ion Transfer(FECRIT) was employed to measure the voltammogram for thetransfer of U, Np and Pu ions between aqueous and1,2-dichlotoethane phases. The cell was consisting of a porous
Teflon tube in which Ag wire was inserted, a Pt wire placedoutside of the tube and an electrolysis vessel. The tube and thePt wire were set in organic solution in the vessel. Aqueous
solution was forced to flow through the narrow gap between
the Ag wire and the tube immersed with organic solution, sothat relatively large area of aqueous /organic solution interface
was formed at the surface of inside of the tube.
Bis(diphenylphosphinyl)methane(BDPPM)orbis(diphenylphosphinyl)ethane (BDPPE) was employed as
ionophore to facilitate the transfer of actinide ions, and transfer
potential for each ions was determined. Based on the results ofvoltammetric studies, the separation of actinide ions such as U,
Np and Pu is feasible by connecting the column electrodesystem prior to FECRIT to control the oxidation state of theions.
1B04 Study on solvent extraction of Eu(III) and Am(III)using dithiocarbamate derivatives.
MIYASHITA, S.,1 SATOH, I., 2 YANAGA, M., 1 OKUNO, K.,
1
SUGANUMA, H.1(Radiosci. Res. Lab., Fac. Sci., Shizuoka Univ., IMR,
Tohoku Univ.)
Dithiocarbamate derivatives such as dibenzylammonium
dibenzyldithiocarbamate(DBzDTC),
didecylammonium
didecyldithiocarbamate(DDDTC),
dioctylammonium
dioctyldithiocarbamate(DODTC)anddi-2-ethylhexylammonium
di-2-ethylhexyldithiocarbamate(EHDTC) were synthesized by the reactions of their secondaryamines with carbon disulfide in diethyl ether. Using thesynthesized dithiocarbamate derivatives, solvent extraction of241
Am(III) and 152, 154Eu(III) were carried out. Trivalentamericium was well extracted by their extractants, but Eu(III)was poor. The distribution ratio (D) of Am(III) increased inorder of DBzDTC > DDDTC  DODTC > EHDTC, when theconcentration of their dithiocarbamate derivatives was 0.050
mol/dm3. And values of DAm(III) and DEu(III) decreased with anincrease of the hydration-ion concentration of aqueous solution.
The slope of log D vs log[H+] was three. Further, the values ofDAm(III) and DEu(III) increased with an increase in theconcentration of DBzDTC in organic phase. The slope of log Dvs log [DBzDTC]org was also three. These results indicat thatthree dithiocarbamate derivatives are required in order toextract Am(III) and Eu(III) into organic phase.
1B05 Measurement of stability constant of lanthanide,americium, curium, and californium in HIBA/acetate
system using capillary electrophoresis and its application toshort-lived nuclides produced with an accelerator
KIKUNAGA, H.,1 KURIBAYASHI, T.,1 YOSHIMURA, T.,1
TAKAHASHI, N.,1 SHINOHARA, A.,1 HABA, H.,2 EZAKI,Y.,2 ENOMOTO, S.,2 MITSUGASHIRA, T.3(Grad. School Sci., Osaka Univ.,1 RIKEN,2 IMR, Tohoku
Univ.,3)For understanding of the effects of difference between 4fand 5f-orbital on chemical bond, we have systematicallyinvestigated the chemical behavior of lanthanide and actinide,
which include those only produced in the nuclear reactions. In
this study, the values of electrophoretic mobility of lanthanide,americium, curium, and californium were measured in
HIBA/acetate system using a capillary electrophoresis
technique. The order of their values agrees with that of theionic radii for tripositive ions with coordination number oflarger than 8, regardless of whether the ions are lanthanide or
actinide. Therefore, the ionic radius of Cm3+ was estimated108.5 ± 20 pm by comparing the mobility of curium with thoseof lanthanide tracers. We also attempted to apply this capillaryelectrophoresis technique to short-lived nuclides produced withan accelerator.
1B06 A relation between mutual separation behavior andstructural parameters in lanthanide 2-hydroxybutyratecomplexes
YOSHIMURA, T., KIKUNAGA, H., SHINOHARA, A.
(Grad. School Sci., Osaka Univ.)
It is important to obtain structural parameters such as bonddistances and bond angles to study about chemical properties ofheavy actinide (An) and lanthanide (Ln) ions. In this study,
structures of lanthanide (except Promethium) and Yttrium
containing 2-hydroxyisobutyrate (HIB-) were identified by
X-ray analysis. The complexes were prepared by the reactionof each lanthanide ion with excess amount of
2-hydroxyisobutyrate in aqueous acetic acid at pH 2-3. X-ray
analysis shows that the one-dimensional polymer[Ln(HIB)3(H2O)] (Ln = Ce-Tb) and the discrete molecularcomplex H[Ln(HIB)4] (Tb-Lu) were afforded. The coordination
number for all of the complexes is eight and sum of the bonddistances decrease with increasing the atomic number to give aline against ionic radius of the lanthanide at C.N. = 8. It isfound that the separation behavior of the lanthanide and sum of
the bond distances has a linear correlation.
1B07
Preparation and crystal structure of U(VI)coordination compound containing 2,2’-bpy ligand
KITAZAWA ,T and KAWASAKI, T(Faculty of Science, Toho Univ.)
Actinoid chemistry is highly related to the reprocessing of
nuclear fuels and treatment of actinoid wastes in the backend
chemistry of today’s operating nuclear power plants. The
fundamental investigation of the bonding the structure anduranium coordination compounds gives important informationin the field of backend chemistry.
A new
U(VI)
coordination
compound(2,2’-bpy)H[UO2(acac)(NO3)2]•(2,2’-bpy) has been prepared.
Crystalstructure
of
the
new

(2,2’-bpy)H[UO2(acac)(NO3)2]•(2,2’-bpy) has been determinedusing a suitable single crystal. 2, 2-bpy molecule is notcoordinated to U(VI) atom.
1B08 Structural Determination of Neptunium Species in
Aqueous Solutions by EXAFS and Quantum Chemical
Calculations
IKEDA-OHNO, A.,1,2 YAITA, T.,1 OKAMOTO, Y.,1
SHIWAKU, H.,1 TSUSHIMA, S.,2 HENNIG, C.2(Quantum Beam Science Directorate, Japan Atomic Energy
Agency,1 Institut für Radiochemie, Forschungszentrum
Dresden-Rossendorf, Germany2)
Neptunium (93Np) is one of the most problematic nuclides in
the nuclear fuel reprocessing process and the following
radioactive waste disposal because of its chemical similarity to
the fissile (i.e. reusable) nuclides of uranium (U) and plutonium(Pu). Proper understanding of the Np behavior in the
reprocessing process or in the migration process on thegeological disposal of radioactive wastes requires vast
fundamental information about the chemical properties of Np
in solutions. As a matter of fact, extensive investigations havebeen carried out for the last several decades to reveal thechemical properties of Np in solution. However, despite a large
number of precedent works, the complex structure of Np
species in solution is still not understood sufficiently. In thepresent study, Np solution samples with different oxidation
states are electrochemically prepared in various aqueous
solutions, and the complex structure of Np species in thesample solutions are determined by EXAFS spectroscopy,
partly with the help of DFT calculations.
1B09
Instrumental neutron activation analysis of
cosmetics
FURUTA, E.1, NAKAHARA, H.2, OKADA, Y.3, MINOWA,
H.4(Ochanomizu Univ.1, Tokyo Metro. Univ.2, Musashi Insti.
Technology3, Jikei Univ.4)
Many cosmetics claiming inclusion of Pt, Au and Ag areavailable through the Internet, one hundred yen shop andspecialty cosmetic shops. The manufactures have to indicate
the ingredients of cosmetics and are not allowed to add theforbidden elements into cosmetics by the regulation. However,these cosmetics don’t have labels of indicating the percentageof the ingredients. So, we analyzed these cosmetics by using
instrumental neutron activation analysis (INAA), and studied
qualitatively by a scanning electron microscope-electron probe
X-ray microanalysis (SEM-EDX). Twelve kinds of samples
and 5 kinds of standard samples were analyzed. The samples
were irradiated in JRR-3 reactor (JAEA) for 10 min at aneutron flux of 5.2×1013n·cm-2·s-1. One sample visually
included gold colored grains, the grains were found to containgold by the SEM-EDX. The size of the gold grains was from 10µm to some mm. One sample, which claims inclusion of
nanometer-size Pt, was analyzed by the SEM-EDX and the Pt
grains sizes were 100-200 nm. For INAA, cosmetics samples
on filter papers could be irradiated after drying up under an
infrared lamp. The lower detection limit of Pt of the standard
sample was 1 ppm under the present experimental condition of
INAA. Some samples contained Pt, Au or Ag as claimed in thelabel by the producer, however, some samples’ Pt were lessthan detection limit contrary to the claiming in the label. The
percentage of the Pt ranged from 1 to 80 ppm among thesamples.

1B10 Neutron activation analysis of Hf in Zr metal using
an internal standard method
Miura, T1., Matsue, H2., Kuroiwa, T1., Chiba, K1.
(National Metrology Institute of Japan, AIST1, Japan Atomic
Energy Agency.2)
Neutron activation analysis with an internal standard method
was applied to the quantification of Hf in high purity zirconium
metal. Zr was used as an internal standard to compensate forin-homogeneity of the neutron flux in an irradiation capsule,
improve the repeatability of gamma ray measurements andlinearity of the calibration curves of Hf.
The effect ofinternal standard to reduce the uncertainties and the comparing
the analytical results to the analytical results by ICP-QMS will
be discussed.
1B11 Measurement of agricultural samples using MPGA
TOH, Y.,1 OSHIMA, M.,1 KOIZUMI, M.,1 FURUTAKA, K.,1
KIMURA, A.,1
MURAKAMI, Y.,2
(Nuclear Science and Engineering Directorate, Japan Atomic
Energy Agency,1 JST Innovation Satellite Ibaraki, Japan
Science and Technology Agency,2)Many of agricultural samples contain large amounts ofhydrogen. Hydrogen emits a 2.2MeV prompt gamma ray in aneutron capture reaction. The low-energy photons due to theCompton scattering of high energy γ-rays from hydrogen
obviously will cause an increase in the background in the lower
region of the γ-spectrum, resulting in a decrease in thedetection limit.
Hydrogen emits only one prompt γ-ray at a time at every
neutron capture reaction. The multiple γ-ray detecting method,which is known as a coincidence method, is widely used innuclear spectroscopy. In this method, only elements which
simultaneously emit two or more prompt gamma ray at a
capture reaction can be measured. Therefore, by applying themultiple γ-ray detection method to PGA, the influence fromhydrogen can be reduced.
MPGA beamline was sealed by silicone rubber. The air inthe beamline was replaced by helium or carbon dioxide in orderto reduce the background from the air. Standard agricultural
samples and polymer samples were measured by MPGA
detector system. PGA and MGPA spectrum was compared.
Advantages of using MPGA include the ability to identify andqualify.
This research was partly conducted as the Practical
Application Research and supported by JST Innovation
Satellite Ibaraki.
1B12
Completion of Multiple Prompt Gamma-ray
Apparatus
OSHIMA, M.,1 TOH, Y.,1 FURUTAKA, K.,1 MURAKAMI,
Y.,2 KIMURA, A.,1 KOIZUMI, M.1( Innovative Nuclear Science Research Group, JAEA,1 JST
Innovation Satellite Ibaraki, JST2 )To achieve the new trace element analysis method ofMultiple Prompt Gamma-ray Analysis ( MPGA ) we havecompleted the construction of the MPGA apparatus, STELLA,at C2-3-2 beam line at the neutron guide hall in JAEA Research
Reactor, JRR-3.
In December 2007, an MPGA system made of eight clover
Ge detectors has been completed, based on NEDO fund. A fast
data acquisition system for this system has been developed andachieved a comparable energy resolution and much faster speedof 6 micro second per event, which is more than ten times
better than the old system. An automatic liquid nitrogen supply
system for Ge detectors and an automatic sample changer
enable the automatic measurement. Furthermore, in FY2007 wehave started another project of Practical Application Researchsupported by JST Innovation Satellite Ibaraki and added two
coaxial type detectors; rapid gamma-ray energy calibration andon-line quantification software is developed as well as
necessary gamma-ray database for them.
In July 2008 we have started the application of STELLA to
MPGA based on the Interorganization Atomic Energy Research
program by University of Tokyo, Toray Research Center and
JAEA. In the talk we present the performance and status of
STELLA as well as those of the apparatus at the new facility of
J-PARC MLF.
This research was partly conducted as the Practical
Application Research and supported by JST Innovation
Satellite Ibaraki. I(The authors) would like to thank Director
Katsutoshi Goto and staff for their assistance.
1B13 Measurement of standard samples by multiple
prompt gamma-ray analysis
Murakami, Y.,1 Oshima, M.,2 Toh, Y.,2 Kimura, A.,2 Koizumi,
M.,2 Furutaka, K.,2 Hatsukawa, Y.,2 Sushida, K.,3 Taniguchi,
M.3(JST Innovation Satellite Ibaraki, JST,1 Innovative Nuclear
Science Research Group, JAEA,2 Inorganic Analysis
Laboratories, TRC3)
Neutron-induced prompt gamma-ray analysis (PGA) isvaluable as a non-destructive multi-elemental analysis. In orderto improve the sensitivity and resolution for the quantificationof trace elements, we have developed Multiple Prompt
Gamma-ray Analysis (MPGA). MPGA is a combination
system of PGA and multiple gamma-ray detection method. In
MPGA, two prompt gamma-rays emitted simultaneously fromeach of the radionuclides in a sample are simultaneously
measured with a multiple gamma-ray detector assembly toconstruct a two-dimensional matrix and the individual nuclides
are measured in a completely separate form without performing
any artificial operation such as chemical separation.
Furthermore, owing to the negligibly low residual radioactivity,
the methods are suitable for analyzing of scarce samples.
We performed measurements of elemental standard samples
by MPGA. As an example of the two-dimensional matrix, thematrix for the reference sample BCR680 is displayed in Fig.1.
Based on the results, we present the characteristic andadvantage of MPGA. The Ge detector system for MPGA wasconstructed at the neutron guide-hall of JRR-3M reactor in
JAEA.
This research was partly conducted as the Practical
Application Research and supported by JST Innovation
Satellite Ibaraki. We would like to thank Director Katsutoshi
Goto and staff for their assistance.
1B14 Analysis of cosmochemical samples by multiple
prompt gamma-ray activation analysis
OURA, Y.1, EBIHARA, M.1, OSHIMA, M.2, TOH Y.2,
KIMURA A.2, KOIZUMI M.2, FURUTAKA K.2(Grad. School Sci. and Engi., Tokyo Metropolitan Univ.1,
JAEA2)We examined multiple prompt gamma-ray activation
analysis (MPGA) apparatus, which was almost completely

constructed in the experimental hall of JRR-3 in 2007, to apply
it for analyzing cosmochemical samples. The sensitivity ofsingle measurement using MPGA apparatus was about 50 times
larger than one of normal PGA apparatus in JRR-3. Several
elemental content ratios in JB-1 and Allende meteorite weretried to be determined by an internal standard method. The
determined Fe/Si and Ti/Si ratios in JB-1 were almost
consistent with recommended values, but for Allende meteorite
the determination values were not so good. Some studies suchas a calculation way of obtaining a net count rate and influenceof a rate of chance coincidence are required to get accurate
determination values. In addition to the examination, strongest
coincidence gamma ray pairs released from some elements
were also found by irradiation of some chemical reagents.
1B15 Neutron Activation Analysis of Marine Samples by
Short-life
FUKUSHIMA, M.,1 CHATT, A .2
(Ishinomaki Senshu Univ.,1Dalhousie Univ. SLOWPOKE-22)
Analyzing trace elements in marine samples has difficulty
because of high concentrations of Na, Cl, Mg, Br, etc. Alsoacid digestion is hard to complete because of the tolerance ofhigh concentrations of polysaccharides in them. For thesereasons, activation analysis was chosen to analysis several
elements in marine samples in this paper. Several elements in
sea mustards on different growing stages, cultivated oysters,
and sea squid were analyzed by neutron activation. Sea
mustards and sea squirt were collected from Onagawa Bay,
Ishinomaki, Miyagi. Cultivated oysters were collected fromseveral bays of Miyagi Pref. and Korea.
Samples were
washed with tap water, then distilled water, and freeze dried
after the separation of each organ.
After pulverizing thedried samples, 0.3 - 0.5 g of powders were sealed in plastic
vials, and irradiated for 5 - 60 seconds in SLOWPOKE-2
Reactor in Dalhousie Univ., Canada.
After 12 sec – 3mincooling time, gamma counting was done by Compton
suppression system.
Six elements, Ag, Al, Br, I, Se, and V,
were determined by the activities of Ag-110 (half life 24.6 s,
657.76 keV), Al-28 (2.24 min, 1778.99 keV), Br-80 (17.68 min,616.3 keV), I-128 (24.99 min, 442.9 keV), Se-77m (17.45 s,
161.93 keV), and V-52 (3.75 min, 1434.08 keV), respectively.
1B16 Aragonite-calcite phase transition of pelagic surface
sediment dated by excess 230Th
SHOZUGAWA, K.,1 KANAI, Y.,2 SANO, Y.,3 MATSUO, M.1(Graduate School of Arts and Sciences, The University ofTokyo,1 National Institute of Advanced Industrial Science andTechnology,2 Ocean Research Institute, The University ofTokyo3)
Aragonite, which originated in biogenic matters, has beenalternated calcite by authigenic effect in deep-sea sediment.
As compared with calcite, crystal structure of aragonite is due
to be unstable slightly. However, the detailed in situ process ofcalcite-aragonite phase transition in sediments, especially thereaction time required for transition has not been clarified. Inorder to elucidate the crystal structure transition of calcium
carbonate by high time resolution, XAFS measurements ofcalcium in pelagic sediment with detailed sedimentation age
were performed in this study. All carbonates for measurement
were low Mg calcite judging from the results of elemental and
XRD analyses; therefore, crystal structures of carbonate in thissediment were calcite or aragonite. Ca K-edge XANES spectraof pelagic sediments of various sedimentation ages weremeasured. The feature of spectrum of sediment whose
sedimentation age was 1.6kyr had a strong resemblance to thatof aragonite. Observed shoulder on K-edge around 4.04keV
was small, and at higher energy region than K-edge, spectrum
had the same feature as that of aragonite. Spectrum of 4.1kyr
sediment was composed of that of aragonite and calcite by 1:1
ratio, and spectrum of 128kyr sediment had the almost samefeature as that of calcite. The sequential spectra variation
resulted from authigenic effect of aragonite-calcite phasetransition, and crystal structure transition from aragonite tocalcite in high time resolution was clarified by thismeasurement.
1B17 High-sensitive measurement of uranium LIII-edge
X-ray absorption near-edge structure (XANES) for thedetermination of the oxidation states of uranium in crustal
materials
Yamamoto, Y.,1 Takahashi, Y.,1 Kanai, Y.,2 Watanabe, Y.,2
Uruga, T.,3 Tanida, H.,3 Terada, Y.,3 Shimizu, H.1(Grad.
SchoolSci.,
Hiroshima
Univ.,1
AIST,2SPring-8/JASRI3)
Uranium LIII-edge XANES spectra for natural rocks at aconcentration range from 0.96 to 124 mg kg-1 were measured
using a log spiral bent crystal Laue analyzer (BCLA) combinedwith a multi-element Ge detector at SPring-8 BL37XU. The
XRF spectra with and without BCLA indicated that U
fluorescence is selectively extracted by using BCLA. It was
found that the quality of the XANES spectra using BCLA isgreatly improved due to reduction of interfering fluorescencefrom major components such as Rb and Sr. The ratio of signal
to background intensities in the U LIII-edge XANES spectra
increased by a factor of 2.9-17 with the use of BCLA, which
greatly lowered the detection limit of U for XANES for the
speciation of uranium in natural samples. In addition, it wasdemonstrated that the fluorescence XANES method coupledwith BCLA enables the speciation of uranium for various
natural samples such as acidic igneous rocks, ferromanganese
nodules, sediments, and some sedimentary rocks such as shaleand limestone.
1B18 Design of Quartz Fusion Furnace for Extraction of
Carbon-14
KUBOTA, T.,1 OHTA, T.,1 MAHARA, Y.,1 NAKAMURA,
T.2(Kyoto University Research Reactor Institute,1 Nagoya
University Center for Chronological Research2)
Cosmogenic radionuclides are produced in rocks dependingon the thick of surface ground covering them, which derives
that erosion rate can be evaluated from the relation of
accumulation and half life of cosmogenic radionuclide. Amongrocks, quartz is chemically stable and abundant in theenvironment and hence it is useful material for evaluation oferosion rate and dating.
In the previous work, we had obtained CO2 gas throughcombustion of graphite with a quartz powder sample collectedfrom deep underground where no cosmogenic C-14 wasproduced and hence the isotopic ratio of the CO2 gas was
expected to agree with that of the graphite. The analysis yieldedthat a carbon recovery of 2 %, a C-14 date of 28,277 yBP and adelta C-13 of -5 per mil.
In this work, the analysis of the graphite, however, yields
that a C-14 date of more than 46,000 yBP and a delta C-13 of-15.1 per mil. These values are quite different from previous

results. We assume that this large difference would be causedby the low carbon recovery rate and then investigate the effectof additive into quartz fusion furnace to increase recovery rate.
As a result, the addition of CuO provides higher recovery rates
and constant isotopic ratios.
1B19 Gas Experiment at Fermilab anti-proton target
stationKINOSHITA, N.,1 MATSUMURA, H.,1 IWASE, H.,1
TOYODA, A.,1 MASUMOTO, K.,1 BESSHO, K.,1 SANAMI,
T.,1 HAGIWARA, M.,1 KASUGAI, Y.,2 MATSUDA, N.,2
IWAMOTO, Y.,2 NAKASHIMA, H.,2 SAKAMOTO, Y.,2
YASHIMA, H.,3 SIGYO, N.,4 ARAKAWA, H.,4
NAKAMURA, S.,5 OISHI, K.,5 LEVELING, A.,6 MOKHOV,
N.,6 BOEHNLEIN, D.,6 VAZIRI, K.,6 LAUTENSCHLAGER,
G.,6 SCHMITT, W.,6 CUPPS, V.,6 KERSHISNIK, B.,6
BENISCH, S.6(KEK,1 JAEA,2 KUR,3 Kyushu Univ.,4 Shimizu Co.,5
Fermilab6)
Various radiations, such as proton, neutron, pion, γ-ray, and
X-ray produced by bombarding high energy beam to a target,
are present in a target station used for high energy nuclear
physics during machine operation. We could assume highenergy accelerator environment as a mimic environment of theupper atmosphere. We investigate transportation behavior of
the nuclides using Fermilab anti-proton target station. 120
GeV-proton beam was introduced to the Inconel 600 target at
Fermilab anti-proton target station. Various radionuclides
which originate from the target and air are present in the target
vault. Particulate and gaseous component were taken to thefilter stack, ADVANTEC 5A filter, Teflon membrane filter
with pore size of 0.1 µm, charcoal filter, andNaCO3-impregnated filter, using an air pump. After sampling,
gamma-spectrometry was carried out. Approximately 70% of
nuclides, produced by activation of air, were collected to themembrane filter, and 5% of other spallogenic nuclides,
originate from target, were collected to the 5A filter. Halogen
was observed in only charcoal filter. No radionuclide was
detected in the NaCO3-impregnated filter. It was confirmed thatthe radionuclides except for halogen migrate together withparticulate material and the halogen migrates as gaseous state.
1P01 Change of concentrations of trace elements andproteins in hepatocyte of mice at early stage of zinc
deficiency
MURAMATSU, W.,1 KAMISHIMA, J.,1 KAWASHIMA, M.,1
YAMANO, Y.,1 SUGANUMA, H.,1 NOGUCHI, M.,2
YANAGA, M.1(Radiosci. Res. Lab., Fac. Sci., Shizuoka Univ.,1 Dept. Bio.,
Fac. Sci., Shizuoka Univ.2)
Concentrations of trace elements and proteins in hepatocyte
of Zn-deficient and control mice were investigated.
Eight-week old male mice of ICR strain were divided into twogroups; one was fed with Zn-deficient diet, and the other with
control diet. After one week of dividing, their livers were
removed and separated into six subcellular fractions by
centrifugal method. Concentrations of ten elements in eachfraction were determined by instrumental neutron activation
analysis. Furthermore, proteins in cytsolic fraction wereseparated into ninety fractions by gel-filtration chromatography.
Then BCA protein assay was carried out for each fraction.
For zinc concentrations in all subcellular fractions, there wereno significant differences between two groups. On the otherhand, cobalt concentrations in several fractions of Zn-deficient
mice were higher than those of control mice. No significant
differences were found for the protein concentrations in eachfraction separated by gel-filtration chromatography.
1P02 Measurement of Iridium using Neutron Activation
Analysis with gamma-gamma Coincidence
HATSUKAWA, Y., OSAWA, T., MATSUE, H.,SEGAWA,
M., OSHIMA, M., TOH,Y.,KIMURA, A., KOIZUMI, M. ,FURUTAKA, K.
(Japan Atomic Energy Agency)
The multiple γ-ray detection method developed for nuclide
quantification has achieved better resolution and sensitivity
than the ordinary singles gamma-ray detection method. The
INAA combined with this method is called NAAMG (Neutron
Activation Analysis with Multiple Gamma ray detection) 1,2)
and has been successfully applied to various fields. In the caseof neutron activation analysis, measurements of γ-rays fromtrace elements are strongly interfered by the γ-rays fromisotopes produced from major elements, e.g., 24Na, 56Mn.
Therefore chemical separation processes are sometimes
required to eliminate the major elements for determination of
the trace elements. Measurements of iridium in geologicalsample were carried out by this method. Samples were
irradiated at the JRR-3. Iridium concentrations in several
standard rock samples and geological samples were alsomeasured by this method. Fifty to one hundred mg of eachsample were sealed in quartz tube and irradiated together withiridium standard.
After irradiation, the γ−γ coincidence ofmultiple γ−-rays from the Ir-192 was measured with the Ge
detectors array, GEMINI-II. Gamma rays from about 10 ppt
of iridium in geological samples can be detected by thismethod.
1M. Oshima, Y. Toh, Y. Hatsukawa, T. Hayakawa, N.
Shinohara, J. Nucl.Sci. Technol. Vol. 39 (2002) 292.
2) Y. Toh, M. Oshima, Y. Hatsukawa, T. Hayakawa, and N.
Shinohara, J. Radioanal. Nucl. Chem. 250 (2001)373.
1P03
Investigation of relation between transition oftideland and vertical distribution of elements by neutron
activation analysis
MOROMACHI, D., MATSUO, M. (Grad. School of Arts Sci.,
Univ. of Tokyo)
The adjacent areas of Yatsu tideland were reclaimed from
1960's to 1970's, so Yatsu tideland was isolated from Tokyo
Bay. After that, a viaduct divided Yatsu tideland into two areas.
We collected sediments vertically in a smaller area of two
divided areas in order to investigate relation between transitionof the tideland and vertical distribution of elements. Using
instrumental neutron activation analysis and prompt
gamma-ray analysis, we got vertical distribution of over thirtyelements. Chemical states of iron were investigated by
Moessbauer spectroscopy. Results of measurement clarified
that vertical distribution of elements changed radically at ca. 20
cm and ca. 40 cm from the surface. According toconcentrations of sulfur and chemical states of iron, sediments
became anaerobic at ca. 40 cm from the surface. This isregarded as influence of reclamation. It is thought that the flowof seawater was weakened by reclamation, and supply ofoxygen was reduced. On the other hand, the sediments became
relatively aerobic at ca. 20 cm. This seems to be influence ofthe construction of viaduct. The separated area became like awaterway, so it is supposed that dissolved oxygen

concentration in water increased, and then became slightly
oxic.
1P04 Study on the separation of Am(III) from Eu(III)using self assembled monolayers (2)KATO, J., 1 YAMAGA, M., 1 SATOH, I., 2 NAKAMURA, T., 3
SUGANUMA, H1(Radiosci. Res. Lab., Shizuoka Univ1., IMR, Tohoku Univ2.,
Fac. of Sci., Shinshu Univ3.)
The adsorption behavior of 152,154Eu(III) and 241Am(III) onto
self assembled monolayers, which are (a) 3-mercaptopropyl
functional silica gel (SAMs(1)) and (b) a reaction product ofSAMs(1) with CS2 (SAMs(2)), was investigated. It was provedthat the adsorption of 152, 154Eu(III) and 241Am(III) onto both
SAMs depends on the pH value in the aqueous phase. Whenthe solution contained 1.0 mol/dm3 sodium nitrate, it was152,
shown that both SAMs had a higher affinity for
154
241
Eu(III) than for Am(III).
1P05 Plutonium records in sediment core from Nagasaki
Bay, JapanSAITO-KOKUBU, Y.,1 MAGARA, M.,1 USUDA, S.,1
SHINOHARA, N.,1 YAMAZAKI, H.,2 YOSHIKAWA, S.,3
MURAKAMI, A.,3 TSUJIMOTO, A.,3 NAGAOKA, S.4(JAEA,1 Kinki Univ.,2 Osaka City Univ.,3 Nagasaki Univ.4)
In this study, depth profiles of 239+240Pu concentration and240
Pu/239Pu ratio in the cores collected from the center of theNagasaki Bay were determined to find depositional records ofplutonium released from Nagasaki atomic bomb and nuclear
tests. Sediments above 1.2 m were analyzed. The 239+240Pu
concentrations were from below detection limit to 3.5 Bq/kg.
The 240Pu/239Pu ratios ranged between 0.05-0.27. Plutonium
was not detected below 1 m. This showed that sediments above
1 m were deposited after the explosion of the Nagasaki atomic
bomb and World War II. Deposition of plutonium released
from the Nagasaki atomic bomb will be also reported in thepresentation. The concentration and the ratio in sediments atthe depth above 1 m increased and their maximums weredetected at about 0.5 m. These results indicated that the profiles
were corresponding to depositional records of plutonium fromthe nuclear tests carried out around the Marshall Islands and theatmospheric nuclear tests.
1P06 Determination of 36Cl in soil samples
TAMARI, M.,1,2 SUEKI, K.,1,2 SASA, K.,1,2 TAKAHASHI,
T.,2 TOSAKI, Y.,2 MATSUSHI, Y.,3 OKI, T.,2 MIHARA, S.,2
NAGASHIMA, Y.,2 KINOSHITA, N.,4 MATSUMURA, H.,4
BESSHO, K.,4
(Pure & Appl. Sci., Univ. Tsukuba,1 AMS Group, Univ.
Tsukuba,2 School Eng., Univ. Tokyo,3 KEK4)
We report an improved sample preparation method formeasuring 36Cl in soil by accelerator mass spectrometry (AMS).
Surface soils contain a lot of organic sulfur, which often leads
to the isobaric interference from 36S in 36Cl-AMS. The leachingprocedure was examined with several ways of Cl extraction,
including different timing and amount of H2O2 addition to theextractant. The amount of residual sulfur in each sample wasanalyzed by 36S counting at final detector per 35Cl beam-current
at ion source. The results showed that the addition of H2O2 tothe extracted solution effectively reduced 36S interference. We
also developed a BaCO3 precipitation method which removes
SO42− ions in the sample solution as a co-precipitation of
BaCO3. Tracer experiments of 35SO42− demonstrated that theBaCO3 precipitation method was effectively, removing morethan 95% of SO42− ions in the solution.
1P07 239,240Pu in the water columns of the Eastern Pacific
SUMI, T.1, KINOSHITA, N.2, YOKOYAMA, A.3,
NAKANISHI, T.3(1Grad. School Nat. Sci. Tech., Kanazawa Univ., 2KEK,
3
Institute of Science and Engineering, Kanazawa Univ.)
The ocean, by virtue of its large surface area, has received amajor share of the fallout Pu. With the aim of understanding
the sinking behavior of Pu in water column, depth distributionsof 239,240Pu, 238Pu were measured in water columns of theEastern Pacific. It was found that 239,240Pu concentration
increased from surface to 600 m and showed low concentrationfrom 1000 m to the bottom. 238Pu was clearly detected in thesouthern hemisphere of the Eastern Pacific. 238Pu in thesouthern hemisphere is attributable to the SNAP-9A accident in
1964.
1P08 Distribution of 241Am concentration in water columnof the eastern Indian Ocean and its adjacent sea in 1997
and eastern Pacific in 2003.
Nagaoka, M.,1 Izumi, T.,1 Sumi, T.,1 Yokoyama, A.,2
Nakanishi, T.,2 Kinoshita, N.,3 Yamada, M.4(Grad. School Nat. Sci. Tech., Kanazawa Univ.,1 Ins. Sci. Eng.,
Kanazawa Univ.,2 KEK,3 NIRS4)
Artificial radionuclide 241Am in the environment is thedaughter of 241Pu from atmospheric weapons testing. In thiswork 241Am concentrations were determined in large-volume
seawater samples collected at eastern Indian Ocean and its
adjacent sea and eastern Pacific. The vertical distributions of
the nuclides were compared with each other for a better
understanding of the behaviour of the nuclides in the marine
environment. In the closed Sulu Sea, the depth profile showedthat 241Am is sinking faster than 239,240Pu. At a station in Indian
Ocean, it is considered that the flow of great ocean conveyor
belt affects the depth profile of 239,240Pu.
1P09 The concentrations of natural radionuclides ingroundwater samples after the Noto Peninsula Earthquake
2007 (a follow-up)
YAMADA, N.,1
UESUGI, M.,1
SHIMIZU, T.,2
3
3
YOKOYAMA, A. , NAKANISHI, T.
(Grad. School Nat. Sci. Tech., Kanazawa Univ.,1 FERMC.,2
Inst. Sci. Engineer., Kanazawa Univ.3)
A ruinous earthquake (M 6.9) struck Noto Peninsula on 25
March 2007. For more than 1 year after the earthquake,groundwater was sampled every month near the earthquake
center to analyze 238U, 234U, 232Th, 230Th, 226Ra, 210Pb and 210Po.
The results are as follows: (1) As for the Th isotopes, they wererarely detected in both places. (2) As for U isotopes, at Monzen
station, 238U and 234U concentrations were high after theearthquake and tended to decrease with time and 234U/238U
activity ratio was higher than 1. At Sugihira station, 238U and234
U concentrations increased gradually with time, but
234 238
U/ U activity ratio was approximately 1. (3) As for Ra, the226
Ra concentrations were about 1 mBq/L at both places. (4) As
for Pb and Po, 210Pb concentrations decreased gradually withtime and much higher than that of U and Ra at both places.
210
Po concentrations were lower than 210Pb concentrations.
These results suggest that the flow pass of groundwater was notchanged largely by the earthquake, but a considerable amountof 222Rn dissolved in ground water system.

1P10 Characterization of Pu isotopes in soils of Gansu innorthwestern China
ZHENG, J.,1 YAMADA, M.,1 WU, F. C.,2 LIAO, H. Q.2(Nat. Inst. Radiol. Sci.,1 Inst. Geochem., CAS2)
We investigated the total 239+240Pu activities and 240Pu/239Pu
atom ratios in surface soils (0-5 cm) in the Kumtag Desert inwestern Gansu Province, and in a soil core sample in Lanzhou
using sector-field ICP-MS. In the surface soils, 239+240Pu
activities in fine particles (<150 µm) were 1.3 to 2.1 times of
those in coarse particles which ranged from 0.005 to 0.157
mBq/g. 240Pu/239Pu atom ratios in the surface soils ranged from
0.168 to 0.192 with a mean of 0.182 ± 0.008. Surprisingly, thismean was like that of a typical global fallout value although the
Kumtag Desert was believed to have received close-in fallout
derived from Chinese nuclear tests mainly conducted in the
1970s. A mean 240Pu/239Pu atom ratio that was like that of atypical global fallout value was also observed in the soil coresample in Lanzhou. In the soil core sample, 239+240Pu activities
in the various layers ranged from 0.012 to 0.23 mBq/g, and theinventory of 239+240Pu (32.4 Bq/m2, 0 -23 cm) was slightly
lower than that expected from atmospheric global fallout (42Bq/m2) at the same latitude. Rapid downward migration of Pu
isotopes was observed in Lanzhou soil core sample layers. The
contribution of top 10 cm layer of surface soils to total
inventory was only 17 %, while the contribution of deeper
layers (10-23 cm) was as high as 83 %. The 239+240Pu activity
levels and 240Pu/239Pu atom ratios in soils in Gansu Province,
China are similar to those in atmospheric deposition samples
collected in the spring season in recent years in Japan; thisfinding supports the hypothesis that the temporal change of239+240
Pu deposition in eastern Asia is controlled by thelong-range transport of suspended soil dust particles originatingfrom the East Asian arid and desert areas.
1P11 The problem and measure on the determination of
Pb-210 and Po-210 in groundwater sample
UESUGI, M., 1 YOKOYAMA, A., 2 NAKANISHI, T. 2
(Grad. School Nat. Sci. Tech., Kanazawa Univ.,1 Inst. Sci.
Engineer., Kanazawa Univ.2)
The Noto-hanto earthquake occurred on March 25th in 2007.
It fact was informed that the radio activity on the ground wasraised up extraordinarily at the center area of the earthquake
place. Therefore, we started to pick up two groundwater
samples in the area, and to determine 210Pb and 210Po in water
every month. The ferric-hydroxide coprecipitation method wasapplied to preconcentration of the water sample. But several
problems were occurred, for example escaping of lead fromferric-hydroxide precipitation and the sorption of polonium tothe inside of a sample container and so on. So, we decided toclarify the condition of the coprecipitation about thepreconcentration of each nuclide. As the matters which effected
to precipitate separation, the species of carrier precipitate, theprecipitate formation and dissolution, and the chemical form
were examined. Also, we reviewed a measure from the blankactivity of carrier reagent, and from the viewpoint of theprocessing of waste liquid.
1P12 Variation in Environmental Radioactivity in Water
at Higashi-Hiroshima, JapanIKUTA, S.1, MATSUSHIMA, A.2, INADA, K.2,
NAKASHIMA, S.2(Fac. Sci., Hiroshima Univ.1 N-BARD, Hiroshima Univ.2)

We have measured environmental radiations of water
samples from the junction point to public sewerage system andKadowaki-Chosetsu Pond in Higashi-Hiroshima Campus,
Hiroshima University for 15 years. Seasonal dependence of theenvironmental radiation for the junction to public seweragesystem was observed. The seasonal dependence was closely
related to the weight of residue of the sample. In the present
study, we picked up 10 water samples from Higashi-Hiroshimacity. The environmental radiations and pH were measured
monthly. The results were discussed from the point of
microbial activity.
1P13 Secular variation of 226Ra/230Th activity ratio in thesummit products from Izu-Oshima volcano, Japan
KURIHARA, Y., TAKAHASHI, M., SATO, J.
(Meiji Univ.)
Observations were carried out on the radioactive
disequilibria among 238U-230Th-226Ra in the summit products ofthe post-caldera eruptions (9th C, 1421 AD, 1552 AD, 1684
AD, 1777-1778 AD, 1951 AD and 1986 AD) from Izu-Oshima
volcano. Uranium and Th isotopes in the products were
determined by isotope dilution method coupled with alpha-ray
spectrometry. Radium-226 was determined by gamma-ray
spectrometry. Activity ratios of 238U/230Th and 226Ra/230Th inthe products were larger than unity, being enriched in 238U and226
Ra relative to 230Th, which was often observed for freshvolcanic products from island-arc volcanoes.
The
concentrations of Th in the products tended to increase from9th C towards 1777-1778 AD, and to decrease towards 1986
AD. The decay-corrected 226Ra/230Th activity ratios in the
products between 9th C and 1777-1778 AD were relatively
constant, and then tended to increase from the 1951 AD
towards 1986 AD. These variations of the Th concentrations
and 226Ra/230Th activity ratios in the summit products suggested
that a new magma was recently supplied to the magma
chamber beneath Izu-Oshima volcano.
1P14 Chemical states of Ca adsorbed on soil in connection
with acid neutralization capacity
YAMANOI, S.,1 SHOZUGAWA, K., 2 MATSUO, M.2(Graduate School of Science, The University of Tokyo., 1
Graduate School of Arts and Sciences, The University ofTokyo.2)
Exchangeable cations play an important role on acidneutralization capacity (ANC) of soil. We have alreadyreported that Ca had the biggest influence on ANC. But Ca ofvarious forms is contained in soil and it is not clearly shown ofwhich form Ca has affected ANC. So in this research we
examined how Ca adsorbed by iron in allophane affected ANC
of soil. Allophane including iron was synthesized according toOssaka’s method. The allophane was stirred for 1 h in 0.01
mol/L calcium hydroxide solution to adsorb Ca ion. 57Fe
Moessbauer spectra were taken in order to know chemical
states of iron. It was found the amount of structural ironincreased and that of surface iron decreased after the reaction.
This result showed that iron adsorbed Ca as inner-spherecomplex. Next, the allophane was stirred for 1 day in pH 4.5
nitric acid to observe the role of iron on ANC. We took 57Fe
Moessbauer spectra and observed the reaction toward the
opposite direction. So it turned out that the iron contained inallophane affected ANC of soil by adsorbing or releasing Ca.
Moreover, extended X-ray absorption fine structure (EXAFS)
spectra on the Ca K edge revealed that the length of Fe-Ca

bond was about 2.5  by analysis for 2nd shell of RSD
spectra.
1P15 Distributions of 3H, 7Be, 22Na, 137Cs and Ra isotopes
in rain water, ground water and river water of the Tedori
River Basin
Inoue, M.,1 Nakano, Y.,1 Fukuyama, T.,1 Kofuji, H.,2
Hamajima, Y.1(LLRL, Kanazawa Univ.,1 Japan Marine Science Foundation2)
Cosmogenic 3H, 7Be, 22Na, global fallout 137Cs and natural
radium isotopes have a wide range of half-lives, various origins,
source materials and geochemical behaviors, and are expected
to be powerful tracers for water flow system. However, withthe exception of radium isotopes and a peculiar case of 137Cs in
a contaminated aquifer, these nuclides have not been studied
due to measurement difficulties using standard γ-spectrometry.
In order to examine the distribution of these nuclides in inland
waters of the Tedori River Basin, Ishikawa Prefecture, rainwater, ground water, river water and coastal water samples
were collected. A simple batch method using Powdex
ion-exchange resin was suitable for rapid treatment of a large
volume (300 L) of ground water even on the sampling sites
without sacrificing yields. Low-background γ-spectrometry
combined with this chemical treatment enabled thedetermination of extremely low-levels of radionuclides ininland water samples. The measurement of these nuclides inwater samples provide new informations on the flow system ofinland water, including residence time, the mixing of
precipitation, and aquifer’s environment in this area.
1P16 Estimation of exposure age from mesaurement of26
Al and 10Be in Abukuma Peneplain
CHO, S.,1 SEKIMOTO, S.,2 TAKAMIYA, K.,2 OKI, Y.,2
SHIBATA, S.,2 SASAKI, T.,1 MATSUZAKI, T.,3 KUBOTA,
T.,2 MAHARA, Y.2(School of Eng., Kyoto Univ.,1 Res. Reactor Inst., Kyoto
Univ.,2 School of Eng., Univ. of Tokyo3)
Cosmogenic 26Al and 10Be produced by cosmic ray
spallation in quartz were measured by accelerator mass
spectrometry (AMS) after chemical separation and purification.
Stable aluminum concentration was measured by the
Inductively Coupled Plasma Atomic Emission Spectrometry(ICP-AES). Preliminary result of these radionuclides
concentrations were obtained. The depth profiles of 26Al/10Be
ratio could suggest the formed process and the post-changes of
the river terrace, which was formed by deposition of theweathered granitic soil, in northern Abukuma Peneplain, Japan.
Also,the extraction method of cosmogenic 14C from quartz has
been developing for the 14C dating of rock.
1P17 Cross section measurements for monoenergetic
neutron-induced reaction at RCNPNINOMIYA, K.,1 OMOTO, T.,1 NAKAGAKI, R.,1
TAKAHASHI, N.,1 SEKIMOTO, S.,2 YASHIMA, H.,2
SHIBATA, S.,2 KINOSHITA, N.,3 MATSUMURA, H.,3
SHIMA, T.,4 CAFFEE, M. W.,5 WELTEN, K. C.,6
SHINOHARA, A.,1 NISHIIZUMI, K.,6
(Grad. School Sci., Osaka Univ.,1 Res. Reactor Inst., Kyoto
Univ.,2 KEK,3 RCNP, Osaka Univ.,4 Dep. of Phys., Purdue
Univ.,5 Space Sci. Lab., Univ. California6)
Cosmogenic nuclides are used as a probe to investigate thehistory of cosmic ray irradiation for extraterrestrial andterrestrial materials. Most cosmogenic nuclides are produced

by neutron-induced reactions. For these studies, accurate
cross section data for neutron-induced reactions are strongly
desired. However, in high-energy regimes (> 100 MeV),
cross sections are poorly known for most elements. In thisstudy, a high-energy neutron irradiation was performed toobtain cross sections for geochemically and cosmochemicallyimportant elements by using 7Li(p, n) reaction at N0 beam line
in RCNP, Osaka University.
We carried out neutron
bombardments with two experimental configurations; 0˚ and
30˚ from primary proton beam direction.
The neutron
spectrum of 0˚ consists of high-energy monoenergetic andlow-energy continuum neutron components, and the neutron
spectrum of 30˚ contains only the latter component. By
subtracting the 30˚ spectrum from the 0˚ spectrum,
quasi-monoenergetic neutron fluence is available.
Theradionuclides produces in these two neutron irradiation wereanalyzed quantitatively by a gamma-ray spectrometry andaccelerator mass spectrometry (AMS). The production rates
for neutron-induced reactions were obtained, and cross sections
for monoenergetic 362 MeV neutron-induced nuclear reaction
were determined.
1P18 Anion-exchange experiments of nuclear reaction
products transported by He/KCl and He/KF gas-jet systems
KASAMATSU, Y.,1 TOYOSHIMA, A.,1 TSUKADA, K.,1
ASAI, M.,1 ISHII, Y.,1 NISHINAKA, I.,1 SATO, T. K.,1 Li,Z.,1 KIKUCHI, T.,1 NAGAME, Y.,1 GOTO, S.,2 HABA, H.,3
AKIYAMA, K.4(JAEA,1 Fac. Sci., Niigata Univ.,2 RIKEN,3 Grad. School Sci.
Eng., Tokyo Metro. Univ.4)
Radioactive nuclides of Nb and Ta were produced in thenat
Zr/natHf(p, xn)Nb/Ta and natGe/natGd(19F, xn)Nb/Ta reactions
at the JAEA tandem accelerator. The reaction products wererapidly transported by He/KCl and He/KF gas-jet transportation
systems to the chemistry laboratory. It was found that thetransport efficiency using the He/KF gas-jet system iscomparable with that by the He/KCl gas-jet system which has
been generally used in the chemical studies on the superheavy
elements. Subsequently, on-line anion-exchange experimentswith 88,90g,90mNb and 170,178Ta were performed in HF/HNO3
solutions. A small physical adsorption of Nb on the surfaces of
the resin and a column was observed when the products weretransported by the KCl aerosols, while better reproducibility ofthe elution of Nb was obtained using the KF aerosols. We
interpret that stable fluoro complexes of Nb are rapidly formedby using the KF aerosols and we can suggest that the He/KF
gas-jet system should be used in the on-line anion-exchange
experiment of the group 5 elements including Db for theinvestigation of the fluoride complexation of these elements.
1P19 Ion-exchange behavior of Zr and Hf as homologuesof Rf in sulfuric acid solution
Li Z.,1 Toyoshima A.,1 Kasamatsu Y.,1 Asai M.,1 Tsukada K.,1
Nagame Y.,1 Haba H.,2
(Advanced Science Research Center, JAEA,1 Nishina Center,
RIKEN2)In the present study, ion-exchange behavior of Zr and Hf in
0.018 – 0.991 M sulfuric acid was studied by a batch method tofind out appropriate experimental conditions for an on-line
experiment of Rf. Cation- and anion-exchange resin, MCI GELCK08Y and CA08Y, were used. The results showed that thecarrier-free radiotracers 88Zr and 175Hf in sulfuric acid werestrongly adsorbed on the cation-exchange resin as well as theanion-exchange one, indicating that cationic and anionicspecies coexist in sulfuric acid media. Ion-exchange behaviorof Zr and Hf was very similar to each other and distribution
coefficients (Kds) of these elements decreased with increasing
sulfuric acid concentration. Adsorption sequence on theanion-exchange resin was Zr > Hf, while that on the
cation-exchange resin was Zr < Hf, confirming that Zr has astronger ability to form sulfate complexes than Hf.
Chromatographic separation between Zr and Hf can be
expected in 0.028 – 0.991 M H2SO4 on CA08Y and 0.087 –
0.991 M H2SO4 on CK08Y in the on-line experiment.
1P20
New apparatus for aqueous chemistry of theheaviest elements
TSUKADA, K., KASAMATSU, Y., ASAI, M., TOYOSHIMA,
A., ISHII, Y., NAGAME. Y.
(Advanced Science Research Center, JAEA)
Aqueous chemistry of element 105, dubnium (Db), is now
being performed at JAEA. The nuclide 34-s 262Db is producedin the 248Cm(19F, 5n) reaction with the cross section of 1.5 nb.
This results in the production rate of about 0.25 atoms per min.
In order to carry out chemical experiments on Db with single
atoms, we need to develop a new device to shorten the time forthe preparation ofsources. A new apparatus based on acontinuous sample preparation and detection system has beendeveloped. For the HPLC system, we modified the ARCA.
There are two pairs of sampling and detection systems, eachhas two sample transport arms on which thin Ta sheets (30 cmlong) are placed. The effluent is continuously collected on thismoving Ta sheet and evaporated. The dried sample issuccessively going into the-particle detection chamberwhere an array of 12 PIN-detectors is installed for each arm.
The sample preparation is accomplished within 20 s. Further,from the measurement of radioactivities in each detector, we
can measure an elution curve of a nuclide for each condition.
The new system enables us to perform cyclic column
chromatographic separations of short-lived 262Db nuclides andautomated detection of-particles.
1P21 Study on reversed phase chromatography with the
TTA extractant for chemistry of Element 104,
rutherfordium (Rf)
ARAKI, M.,1 NANRI, T.,1 TOYOSHIMA, A.,2 YOKOYAMA,
A.3(Grad. School Nat. Sci. Tech., Kanazawa Univ.,1 JAEA,2 Inst.
Sci. Eng., Kanazawa Univ.3)
Application of extraction with TTA is interesting in researchon the solution chemistry of Element 104, rutherfordium (Rf),because it can determine the extraction species. In this work,
we prepared resin containing TTA extractant (TTA-Resin) for
reversed phase chromatography, andinvestigated solvent
extraction behavior of its homologues, Zr and Hf using the
TTA-resin to confirm whether it can be applied for Rf
experiment. The batch extraction experiment was performed tomeasure the distribution ratios (D) by using the tracers of 88Zr
and 175Hf. Besides conventional liquid-liquid extraction was
performed to confirm the extraction species with TTA. We also
checked the equilibrium time of extraction process using theresin, which will be important for application to the Rfexperiment. Result of the batch extraction shows that the Dvalues of Zr and Hf fall suddenly due to formation of Zr or Hf
complex with halide ions if the concentration of [F ]eq or [HCl]comes to be over a certain value. From the conventionalliquid-liquid extraction experiment, the TTA extraction species
were found to be M(TTA)4. The experiment for equilibriumtime of extraction process is under way.
1P22 Cosmic ray BKG reduction system for Ge detector
utilizing thin plastic scintillators and wavelength shifting
fibersHamajima, Y., Furusawa, Y.
(LLRL, Kanazawa Univ.)
In order to reduce the contribution of cosmic ray components
on background of Ge detector by anti-coincidence system, fivethin plastic scitillators (PSs) (180 mm x 200 mm, and 3 mm inthickness; KURARAY SCSN-81) which covered 2π geometry
connected with five wavelength shifting fibers (1 mm indiameter; BICRON BCF-91A) that was coupled to one thin
PMT (1/2”; HAMAMATSU H3165-10) was examined. The
PSs system was inserted into the passive shield of Ge detector.
All events were recorded in list mode. Relative efficiency ofPSs, time spectra, time dependences of coincidence events,
multiple coincidence events, and coincidence andanti-coincidence spectra were tested. Counting rate of PSs, Ge,and coincidence events were roughly 1k, 130 and 50 min-1,
respectively. More than 2 PSs events a Ge event has sometimes
been detected. This thin PSs system was sufficiently thick to
detect cosmic ray components and more than 50% of thoseinduced background reduction will be expected.
1P23 Incident Energy Effect of the Production Yield ofEndohedral 133Xe-Fullerene
WATANABE, S., ISHIOKA, N. S.
(JAEA-QuBS)
Incident energy effect on the production yield of endohedral
133
Xe-fullerene by ion implantation was investigated. Fullerene
targets for ion implantation were made by vacuum evaporationof C60 on Ni foils. Implantation of 133Xe+ ions into the targets
was carried out with an isotope separator at accelerationenergies of 30 keV. For retardation of incident energy, the highvoltage of 15kV was supplied from a retardation power supply
to the fullerene targets. After ion implantation, the fullerenepart on the target was dissolved in o-dichlorobenzene. The
solution was analyzed by high performance liquid
chromatography (HPLC) for determination of endohedral
133
Xe-fullerene. The yield of endohedral 133Xe-fullerene wasdefined as a percentage of the radioactivity of endohedral
133
Xe-fullerene to that of 133Xe implanted into the target. The
yield of endohedral 133Xe-fullerene for 15 keV was about 30%
larger than that of 30 keV. Those energy dependences of the
production yields can be ascribed to the amorphization ofendohedral 133Xe-fullerene. The yields of the endohedral
133
Xe-fullerene should be more increased by decreasing
incident energy.
1P24 Detection of muonic atom formed by muon transfer
process
NAKAGAKI, R.,1 NINOMIYA, K.,1 KUBO, K.,2 ISHIDA,
K.,3 MATSUZAKI, T.,3 MATSUMURA, H.,4 MIURA, T.4
SHINOHARA, A.1(Grad. School Sci., Osaka Univ.,1 ICU,2 RIKEN, 3 KEK4)
Negative muon captured in matter result in the formation ofmuonic atom. Because its Bohr radius is roughly 200 times
smaller than for an electron due to its much larger mass, it
screens nuclear charge. Especially, muonic hydrogen atom has
neutron-like properties because of the strong nuclear screening

by muon. Therefore, a muonic hydrogen atom can penetrate anelectron cloud easily and transfer the muon to the deeper
atomic levels of another atom. Such a capture process is called
transfer capture. Other formation process for muonic atom isdirect capture. In this research, we try to obtain information on
the initial state of captured muon. We measured the muonic Ar
X-ray emitted after the formation of muonic atom in order toreveal initial state of captured muon. The measurements were
performed at RIKEN-RAL muon facility. Argon gas sample
was irradiated to investigate direct capture process.
H2+Ar(0.1%), H2+Ar(0.3%) mixture samples were
measured to investigate transfer process. We analyzed µAr
X-ray intensity of argon gas and mixture gas. Obtained
intensity value of each transition was normalized by 2-1
intensity value. “2-1”represents muonic transition fromprinciple quantum number n=2 to n=1. The measured relative
intensities of muonic 3-2 and 4-2 X-rays for argon are muchlarger than one for mixture. We compared the experimental
value of relative muonic X-ray intensities with the calculated
one and discuss initial state of captured muon.
1P25 State analysis of iron in iron oxide-silica glass
nanocomposites
NOMURA, Y.,1 KAWASE, M.,2 MORIMOTO, S.,3 IKEDA,
Y., 1 SAITO, T.4(Grad. School Sci., Osaka Univ.,1 Nagahama Inst. Bio., 2 Fac.
Pharm., Osaka Ohtani Univ., 3 Radioisotope Res. Center, Osaka
Univ.4)
State analysis was carried out on iron in iron oxide-silica
glass nanocomposites, manufactured by sol-gel processing.
Starting iron compounds were FeSO2, Fe2(SO4)3 and Fe(NO3)3.
Sintering temperatures were tested from 700 to 1000 degrees
Celsius. Samples prepared were then subjected to Mössbauer
spectroscopy at room temperature and 4K and to X-ray
diffractiometry. Magnetization was measured with asuperconducting quantum interference device (SQUID).
Among iron oxides, epsilon phase was dominantly formed in
the samples prepared from iron sulfates, FeSO2 and Fe2(SO4)3,
whereas alpha phase was dominantly formed in that preparedfrom nitrate, Fe(NO3)3. Gamma phase was found in all thesamples tested, nevertheless its particle size was so small that it
showed superparamagnetism. For practical applications such as
magnetic recording, epsilon phase has the most propitious
property; we then conclude that the iron oxide-silica glass
nanocomposite prepared from iron (II) sulfate and sintered at1000 degrees Celsius is the most favorable.
1P26 170Yb Mössbauera spectra of ytterbium(III) oxide
and chloride
TAKAHASHI, T., IMAI, K., ASAKA, Y.
(Dep. of Sci., Toho Univ.)
Ytterbium-170 Mössbauer spectrum of ytterbium(III) oxide
was measured at 20 K using a 170Tm/Al2Tm prepared by aneutron irradiation in JRR-4 TB pipe of Japan Atomic Energy
Agency. The spectrum clearly shows the existence of two
different ytterbium sites assigned to C3 symmetry and C2
symmetry site of Yb2O3. The spectrum is compared to that ofgadolinium(III) oxide measured by 155Gd Mössbauer
spectroscopy.
1P27 57Fe and 155Gd Mossbauer spectroscopic studies of
cyano-bridged Fe(III)-Gd(III) complexes
KITAZAWA, T., SHIMA, Y.

(Faculty of Science, Toho Univ.)
We have been prepareda new cyano-bridged
Fe(III)-Gd(III) hetero-one-dimensional coordination polymer
compound mer-[Fe(CN)3( -CN)3Gd(H2O)(o-phen)2] 3H2O.
We have measured Fe-57 and Gd-155 Mossbauer spectra forthe new compound.
Mossbauer parameters for thiscompounds are associated with the geometries around Fe(III)and Gd(III) atoms in the coordination polymer structure.
1P28 Development of an apparatus to concentrate 188Re
solutions by a multi column system for cancer therapeutic
experiments
HASHIMOTO, K.,1 MOTOISHI, S.,1 SAEKI, H.,2 SORITA,
T.,1 MATSUOKA, H.1(Japan Atomic Energy Agency,1 Radiation Application
Development Association 2)
Rhenium-188 is a useful generator-produced radioisotope fortherapeutic applications because of their energetic beta particles
and gamma rays suitable for imaging. Because the 188W parent
is obtained in a relatively low specific activity from theirradiation of enriched 186W in a reactor, relatively large
volumes of normal saline are required to elute the 188Re fromalumina based 188W/ 188Re generators. In this study, a simple
apparatus for effective concentrations of 188Re solutions fromalumina-based 188W/ 188Re generators was developed by atandem cation (IC-H or OnGuard II H) – anion (QMA SepPak)
column system. Ammonium acetate was used for the elution of
188
Re from the 188W/ 188Re generator. Because the ammonium
cations are exchanged for hydrogen ions through the first cation
column, 188Re was adsorbed to the QMA SepPak without
interfering from acetate anion. Rhenium-188 was eluted fromthe QMA SepPak column with of normal saline after washingwith water. More than 95% of 188Re was recovered in 1 ml ofsaline.
Concentration ratios greater than 50:1 can be achieved with thisapparatus.
1P29 Production of RI for Charged Distribution at the
RIKEN AVF Cyclotron
EZAKI, Y., KAMBARA, T., HABA, H., TAKAHASHI, K.
(RIKEN Nishina Center)
In October 2007, we started a charged distribution of thepurified radioisotopes (RIs) of 65Zn and 109Cd to the generalpublic with the collaboration of Japan Radioisotope Association.
These RIs were produced by the 65Cu(p,n)65Zn and109Ag(p,n)109Cd reactions with a 14-MeV proton beam from the
RIKEN AVF cyclotron. After the irradiation, 65Zn was
chemically separated from the target material by the anion
exchange in a hydrochloric acid system. Cadmium-109 was
separated in the same method as 65Zn after a AgCl precipitation.
The impurities as well as the specific activities of the purified
RIs were evaluated using ICP-MS. As an example, the specificactivities of 65Zn and 109Cd were 410 and 340 kBq/ng,
respectively.
In parallel with the 65Zn and 109Cd productions, we areproducing short-lived RIs with a gas-jet system. As a test
experiment, oxide targets of 89Y, natZr, and 141Pr (about 100µg/cm2 each) electrodeposited on Al backing foils (10 µm)
were irradiated with the proton beam. The recoiling RIs
adsorbed on KCl aerosols were transported with a He carrier
gas to a chemistry laboratory, and were collected on a glass
filter (ADVANTEC GB-100R). With the 11-µA beamirradiation for 60 s, 110, 130, and 43 kBq of 89mZr , 90mNb, and141m

Nd, respectively, were obtained.

1P30 The biodistribution of Riken Multitracer (MT) and
MT-EDTMP, MT-DOTMP in mice
Washiyama, K.,1 Nakamura, R.,2 Koshida, H.,2 Haba, H.,3
Enomoto, S.,3 Amano, R.1(Grad. School Medical Sci., Kanazawa Univ.,1 Fac. Med.,
Kanazawa Univ.2 RIKEN3)
Samarium-153
labelled
ethylenediamine-tetramethylenephosphonic acid (EDTMP) andHolumium-166
labelled
1,4,7,10-tetraazacyclododecane-1,4,7,10-tetramethylenephosphonic acid (DOTMP) have been used for bone pain palliation forbone metastases and myeloablative treatment for multiple
myeloma respectively in nuclear medicine. Both phosphonates
typically accumulated in bone. The usage of these radiolabelled
phosphonates is depending on the half-life, radiation energy,
and decay mode of selected nuclides. In order to examine thepractical applicability of labelled phosphonates, it is important
to investigate their metabolism. The Riken multitracer (MT)technique, which is highly efficient for comparison of many
tracers under same conditions, has been used to investigate thebiodistribution of MT, MT labelled EDTMP and DOTMP in
vivo. Male 8-week-old male ICR mice were grouped andadministered with MT (in saline solution), MT-EDTMP, and
MT-DOTMP. The blood, liver, kidney, small intestine, large
intestine, femur, and brain were excised and weighed. The
uptake rates of several nuclides (57Co, 65Zn, 75Se, 83Rb, 88Zr,
88
Y, 101Rh) in tissues were determined by gamma-ray
spectrometry. The skeletal uptakes of MT-phosphonates except
for 75Se and 83Rb were higher than those in other soft tissues.
The 75Se and 83Rb showed the same behavior to those in MT.
Although the skeletal uptakes of 88Y phosphonates weredecreased comparing to that in MT saline solution, the bone totissue uptake ratios were increased. 88Zr phosphonates were
found to show fast uptake and rapid clearance from soft tissues.
2A01 Vertical profiles of 7Be, 137Cs, 226Ra, 228Ra and 228Th
activities in water samples from the Sea of Japan
Nakano, Y.,1 Inoue, M.,1 Minakawa, M.,2 Tanaka, K.,1
Hamajima, Y.1(LLRL, Kanazawa Univ.,1NRIFS.2)
To study the vertical transports of water masses andparticle matters within the Sea of Japan, a total 81 of water
samples were collected from water columns in the Japan Basin(3700 m depth), the Yamato Basin (2610 m), the Tsushima
Basin (1161 m), the Yamato Rise (367 m), and the coastal areas
along the Japan Islands (65-475 m) in early summer of
2005-2008. By employing a low-background γ-spectrometry
combined with simple coprecipitation processing to small
volumes (20-60 L) of these seawater samples, 137Cs (t1/2 = 30.2y), 226Ra (1600 y), 228Ra (5.75 y), 228Th (1.91 y), and 7Be (53.3d) were determined.
All of these nuclides exhibite quite different trends ofvertical profiles (e.g., activity levels, activity ratios, depth of
maximum activity, and dissolved/particle activity ratio) in eachsite, suggesting interesting features as for the vertical andlateral movements of water masses, the removal mechanisms ofthese nuclides and transport of particle matters within the Sea
of Japan.
2A02 238U/230Th and 226Ra/230Th activity ratios in rhyolitefrom Higashi-Izu monogenic volcano group and Izu arc

volcanoes
TAKAHASHI, M., KURIHARA Y., SATO, J.
(Meiji Univ.)
Observation was made with rhyolitic volcanic rocks erupted
from Kozu-shima, Niijima and Higashi-Izu monogenic volcanogroup for activity ratios of 238U/230Th and 226Ra/230Th. Magma
genesis at the subducting zone is generally inferred to be
induced by the melting of the mantle wedge by the addition of
the fluid derived from the subducting slab. Uranium andradium are highly mobile elements in aqueous fluids relative tothorium, the excess of 238U and 226Ra over 230Th in the arc
volcanic rocks has generally been ascribed to the addition of Uand Ra-rich fluids derived from the subducting slab bydehydration. While the activity ratios of basaltic protucts
from Izu-arc showed 238U/230Th>1 and 226Ra/230Th>1, themajority of rhyolitic products was in equilibrium.
2A03 Deposition of organic iodine to the soil in Yoro area
SHIMAMOTO, Y., 1 TERADA, Y., 2 TAKAHASHI Y. 1
(Grad. School Sci., Hiroshima Univ.,1 SPring-8/JASRI2)
Environmental behavior of iodine is of great importance
related to the release of radioiodine from processing of nuclear
fuel, etc. To understand the fate of radioactive iodine in asoil-water system, it is necessary to know the iodine species
both in soil and water. Soil and soil water samples werecollected at depths of 0, 3, 6, 9, and 12 cm from surface inYoro area, Chiba, Japan. Iodine species in the soil and soil
water were determined by XANES and HPLC-ICP-MS,
respectively. Elemental mapping of iodine in soil particle wasobtained by micro-XRF at SPring-8 BL37XU.
The depth profile of iodine concentration in soil correlates
quite well with that of organic carbon content. XANES
spectra of soil samples were well fitted by the spectrum of
SRHA (Suwannee River humic acid). Elemental mappingshows that iodine is incorporated in organic matter rather thanin iron oxides. Accordingly, most of iodine in soil is
combined with organic matter such as humic substances. In
soil water, 40% of organic iodine and 60% of I- were detected
at 3-6 cm depth, while organic iodine is only several percent at
9-12 cm. Organic iodine plays an important role in the
fixation of iodine in soil.
2A04 Effect of complexation with humic substances and
EDTA on the diffusion of metal ions in water
TAKAHASHI, Y., FURUKAWA, K.
(Grad. School Sci., Hiroshima Univ.)
In this study, the diffusion coefficients of free metal ions (M)and their complexes with HS (M-HS) were compared tounderstand the effect of complexation with HS on the diffusionof metal ions such as Co, Cd, and rare earth elements (REE).
Although the diffusion coefficients of free metal ions depend
on ionic potential, such dependence was not observed in thepresence of HS. Comparing the diffusion coefficients ofmetal complexes with ethylenediaminetetraacetate (EDTA),
fulvic acid, and humic acid showed that the molecular weight(MW), or the size of the ligand, is of primary importance forthe diffusion of M-HS. As a consequence, the diffusion
coefficients of every REE were similar in the presence of HS,
while they were different in the absence of HS due to thedifferent size of each REE. The similarity among the
diffusion coefficients of REE-HS was caused by the muchlarger size of HS compared with each ion. However, thedistribution coefficients of M-HS were not similar among REE,

Cd, and Co. REE and Cd which have higher affinities forlarger MW fraction in HS diffused slower than Co whichfavors smaller MW fraction. The results show that the affinity
for different MW fractions among HS controls the diffusion of
M-HS.
2A05 Studies on the analysis of 129I by AMS and its
application to iodine rich brine samples
MURAMATSU, Y.,1 KASHIWAGI, Y.,1 ITO, E., 1
MATSUZAKI, H.2(Faculty of Science, Gakushuin Univ.,1 MALT, University ofTokyo2)Brine samples with high iodine concentrations are found inseveral places in Japan. It is interesting to note that iodine isoften associated with methane. However, details on the iodine
accumulation process and origin of the brines are not wellknown. Therefore, we have tried to use 129I as a racer to discussgeochemical behavior of iodine. For the analysis of 129I/127I
ratios, iodine fraction was extracted into CCl4 as I2 by theaddition of NaNO2. It was back-extracted into aqueous solution
containing Na2SO3 as iodide. Finally, iodide was precipitatedas AgI. Then the ratio of 129I/127I was determined by AMS at
MALT facility of the University of Tokyo. 129I/127I ratios inbrine samples collected from Chiba prefecture weresuccessively determined. The values obtained from 7
determinations at MALT were (0.173±0.022)x10-12, which
agreed well with our previous data measured at Purdue
University. We are going to introduce our analytical results on
stable and 129I in variety of brine samples.
2A06 Isotopic shifts caused by interaction of cosmic rays
with planetary surface materials
HIDAKA, H.
(Grad. School Sci., Hiroshima Univ.)
Thermalized neutrons arise from the interaction ofhigh-energy cosmic rays (galactic cosmic rays: GCR) withplanetary surface materials. One of the most significant
reactions with neutron is neutron capture reaction of the (n,γ)
type. Because 149Sm, 155Gd and 157Gd have extraordinarily
large thermal neutron capture cross sections, isotopic shifts of
150
Sm/149Sm, 156Gd/155Gd and 158Gd/157Gd resulted from theneutron capture reactions 149Sm(n,γ)150Sm, 155Gd(n,γ)156Gd and157
Gd(n,γ)158Gd, respectively, can be sometimes detected inmeteorites and lunar materials. The production rate ofneutron depends upon the depth of the sample in a large object(or size of an object) and chemical composition of the target
material. Therefore, Sm and Gd isotopic shifts are used tocharacterize the cosmic-ray exposure records of planetary
materials. In this talk, I would like to present two topics on
the neutron capture reactions of lunar regoliths and meteorites
studied from 150Sm/149Sm and 158Gd/157Gd isotopic shifts.
2B01 Magnetic property of the spin-crossover iron(III)compound with structural phase transition
HAYAMI, S.,1 URAKAMI, D.,1 INOUE, K.,1,2 NAKASHIMA,
S.,3 MAEDA, Y.4(Grad. School Sci., Hiroshima Univ.,1 IAMR, Hiroshima
Univ.,2 N-BARD, Hiroshima Univ.,3 Grad. School Sci.,
Kyushu Univ.,4)
Generally, spin-crossover (SCO) iron(III) compounds exhibit
gradual SCO behaviors compared with SCO iron(II)compounds. However, some SCO iron(III) compounds exhibit
abrupt SCO behaviors with thermal hysteresis loop. The abrupt

SCO behaviors with hysteresis loop are corresponding to a firstorder phase transition. For such the compounds, cooperativities
arising from the strong intermolecular interactions exist in thecompounds. Our objective is to design strongly cooperative
SCO assemblies consisting of mononuclear molecules withstrong intermolecular interactions as such π-π stacking orhydrogen bonding, and to find out the photoswitchable
molecules in the compounds with bistability. Here we reportabout LIESST effect for spin transition iron(III) compounds[Fe(acpa)2]PF6 (1), [Fe(acpa)2]BF4 (2) and [Fe(acpa)2]ClO4 (3)(acpa = N-(1-acetyl-2-propylidene)-2-pyridylmethylamine).
The compounds 1 and 2 exhibit gradual SCO behavior at T1/2 =200 K and 290 K without hysteresis loop. On the other hand,the compound 3 exhibits unique magnetic behavior. Before
annealing at 250 K, the compound 3 exhibits gradual SCO
behavior in the temperature range of 260 K – 400 K. However,after annealing at 250 K, the compound 3 exhibits abrupt spintransition at T1/2↑ = 380 K and T1/2↓ = 365 K with hysteresis
loop.
2B02 Structural change and spin-crossover switching
triggered by adsorption and desorption of organic
molecules for the assembled iron complexes bridged by
1,3-bis(4-pyridyl)propane
ATSUCHI, M.,2 NAKASHIMA, S.,1 INOUE, K.2(N-BARD, Hiroshima Univ.,1 Grad. School Sci., Hiroshima
Univ.2)
We synthesized assembled complexes Fe(NCX)2(bpp)2 (X =S (1), Se (2), and BH3 (3)) (bpp = 1,3-bis(4-pyridyl)propane). 3
has a novel 2D interpenetrated structure and shows
spin-crossoverphenomenon.
WesynthesizedFe(NCBH3)2(bpp)2·2(benzene)
(4)
which
is
a
benzene-enclathrated complex of 3, and studied the magnetic
behaviors and structural properties by using Mössbauer
spectroscopy and so on.
4 is in a temperature independent high-spin state. By
releasing benzene in the air, 4 becomes Fe(NCBH3)2(bpp)2.
This guest-free 4 is low-spin state at low temperatures, andindicates a spin-crossover phenomenon. The guest-free 4
enclathrates benzene molecules reversibly by setting in thebenzene atmosphere, returned to the temperature independent
high-spin state. Therefore, 4 displays spin-crossover switching
triggered by adsorption and desorption of organic molecules.
We succeeded to follow a series of spin states change by
Mössbauer spectroscopic measurements.
We revealed that the spin-crossover switching in 4 isaccompanied by the change of assembled structure.
Zn(NCBH3)2(bpp)2·2(benzene) (4’) with the same structure as 4
has 1D chains structure. This result and powder X-ray
diffraction patterns indicated the change of assembled
structure; Fe(NCBH3)2(bpp)2·2(benzene) [1D chains] ↔
Fe(NCBH3)2(bpp)2 [2D interpenetrated structure]. Thermal
study of this change and magnetic behaviors of clathratecomplex including guests except for the benzene are ongoing.
197
2B03
Au Mössbauera spectra of cyclometalated
dinuclear gold compounds having 2-C6F4PPh2
TAKAHASHI,1 T., MIRZADEH, N.,2 BHARGAVA, S.K.,2
BENNETT, M.A.3(Dep. of Sci., Toho Univ.1 School of Applied Sciences, RMIT
Univ.,2.Research School of Chem., Australian National Univ.3)
Gold-197 Mössbauer spectra of cyclometallated digold(I)compound [Au2(µ-2-C6F4PPh2)2] (1) and its derivatives[Au2X(µ-2-C6F4PPh2)2](2)
and[XAu(µ-2-C6F4PPh2)(κ2-2-C6F4PPh2)AuX] (3) are measured at
20 K using a 197Pt/Pt source. The spectra for 1 and 2 indicate thepresence of equivalent gold atoms, whereas spectra for 3 show
absorptions due to two inequivalent gold centres. The plot of
quadrupole splitting against isomer shift indicate that thegold-phosphorus bond in these compounds is less covalent than
the gold-phosphorus bond in protio and methyl analogues.
2B04 Development of in-beam Mössbauer spectroscopyusing an RI beam in HIMAC of NIRSKOBAYASHI, Y.1, KUBO, M. K.2, YAMADA, Y.3, SATO,
W.4, MIHARA, M.4, SATO, S.5, KITAGAWA, A.5 (RIKEN1,
ICU2, Tokyo Univ. of Science3, Osaka Univ.4, NIRS5)
The possibility of the on-line Mössbauer spectroscopy
combined with ion implantation using a radioactive 57Mn (T1/2= 1.45 min) beam in HIMAC of NIRS has been considered.
HIMAC is one of the few accelerators that are able to supply anenergetic RI beam such like 57Mn. The 57Mn was produced by aprojectile-fragmentation reaction of a 59Co (E = 500
MeV/nucleon) primary beam impinging on a 25 mm thick Be
production target. The typical intensity of 57Mn produced in
HIMAC was estimated to be 9.5 104 particle/s, being one
digit less than the amounts obtained by the RIPS in RIKEN
Accelerator Research Facility. The 57Mn nuclei were implanted
into a 1 mm thick Al plate, and were stopped using a Pb
energy-attenuator with an appropriate thickness. The γ-ray
spectra were measured by a Ge detector, and a 57Mn
implantation Mössbauer spectrum was accumulated by agas-filled resonance counter (PPAC), respectively. Theseobtained results suggested that it would be possible to performthe in-beam Mössbauer spectroscopy using a 57Mn beam in
HIMAC.
2B05 Local fields in In-doped ZnO observed by means of
the TDPAC method
Sato, W.,1 Ohkubo, Y.,2 Itsuki, Y.,1 Susuki, H.,3 Morimoto, S.,4
Shinohara, A.,1 Nasu, S.,3
(Grad. School Sci., Osaka Univ.,1 Res. Reactor Inst., Kyoto
Univ.,2 Grad. School Eng. Sci., Osaka Univ.,3 Fac. Pharmacy,
Osaka Ohtani Univ.,4)
Zinc oxide is an intrinsic n-type semiconductor, and it is
known that its conductivity varies with the presence of dilutedopants.
In order to compare and/or contrast physicalproperties observed for the bulk sample with microscopic
information, we applied the time-differential perturbed angularcorrelation method with the 111Cd( 111In) probe to a study of
local fields in 0.05 at.% Indium-doped and undoped ZnO. For
the In-doped ZnO sample, temperature dependence wasobserved for the amplitude and electric quadrupole frequencyof the main component in the TDPAC spectra; whereas thisphenomenon was not observed for the second component. In
addition, the ratio of the two components changes withtemperature. In the present talk, we discuss the probe sites
and the density of conduction electrons at the probe on thebasis of the temperature dependence of the TDPAC spectra.
2B06 Measurement of hyperfine field in metal complexes
and mavicyanin by PAC method using 111Ag probe (II)YAMAZAKI, I.1, NISHIO, M.2, KATAOKA, K.3,
YOKOYAMA, A.3, SATO, W.4, OHKUBO, Y.5(Grad. School Nat. Sci. Tech., Kanazawa Univ.1, Fac. Sci.
Kanazawa Univ.2, Inst. Sci. Eng., Kanazawa Univ.3, Grad.

School Sci., Osaka Univ.4, Res. Reactor Inst., Kyoto Univ5.)
A parent PAC probe of 111Ag, which has a half life of 7.45d
was introduced to TDPAC measurements in order to seek abetter condition for biomolecular study. In the previous work,
we succeeded in measuring the TDPAC spectra of various
complexes and wild-type mavicyanin by using the 111Ag probe,and obtained their electric field gradients . In this study, thecomplex samples with ligands of quinaldate, DDC, oxine and
BHPA were prepared and subject to PAC measurements. The
electric field gradient values obtained from the TDPAC spectra
were compared with the data obtained with other probes of
111
In, 111mCd and 117Cd. The probe dependence of electric field
gradient was discussed from the result.
3A01 Studies on hot atom chemical behavior of energetic
ions in solids (XVI) -Retention behavior of hydrogenisotopes in the tungsten - carbon mixed layerKIDA, K., IGARASHI, E., KIKUCHI, Y., SUZUKI, S.,
INAGAKI, Y., OYA, Y., OKUNO, K.
(Radiosci. Res. Lab., Fac. of Sci., Shizuoka Univ.
In D-T (deuterium-tritium) fusion reactors, the combined
usage of tungsten (W) and carbon (C) has been considered as
the divertor materials to endure the high heat flux from theplasma. Under this condition, some of C will be ionized andimplanted into W with energetic hydrogen isotopes including T.
Therefore, it is expected that the W - C mixed layer would beformed on the surface of divertor during discharged and thechemical behavior of energetic T implanted into the W - C
mixed layer will be required.
In this study, C+ and D2+ were simultaneously andsequentially implanted into W and effects of C implantation on
the retention behavior of D were investigated by means of TDS
and XPS. From the TDS spectra, broad desorption peak wasfound at 800 K for sequentially implanted W. It was suggested
that the desorption peak around 800 K was contributed to C-Dbond because it was reported in our previous study [1]. On theother hand, no C-D bond was observed for simultaneous
implantation due to higher sputtering rate by ions.
[1] H. Kimura, et al.,. Fusion Eng.Des. 2006, 81, 295.
3A02 Studies on hot atom chemical behavior of energetic
ions in solids (XVII) - Dependence of implantation
temperature on chemical behavior of energetic hydrogenisotopes implanted into carbon-contained boron films KURATA, R., YOSHIKAWA, A., INAGAKI, Y., SUZUKI, S.,
OYA, Y. and OKUNO, K.
(Radiosci. Res. Lab., Fac. of Sci., Shizuoka Univ.)
For the first wall of D (deuterium)-T (tritium) fusion reactor,
boronization has been thought to be applied to remove
impurities such as oxygen and carbon. In the fusion
environment, energetic particles including tritium would be
implanted into the boron film. Therefore, it is important tounderstand tritium chemical behavior in carbon-containedboron film from the view point of tritium safety. In this study,
our attention was paid to the role of carbon on tritium trapping
process.
A carbon–contaminated boron film with the carbon
concentration of 35 % was prepared by the plasma CVD
apparatus, and deuterium ions (D2+) were implanted into thefilm with various implantation temperatures. The chemical
states of carbon and boron were evaluated by XPS and thedeuterium desorption behavior was also studied by TDS.
From the D2 TDS spectrum for the sample implanted at room

temperature, it is found that there were three D2 desorption
stages located around 520 K, 700 K and 950 K. It was reported
that these stages were desorption processes of deuterium
trapped as B-D-B, B-D and B-C-D bonds, respectively.
Deuterium retentions as B-D-B and B-D bonds were decreased
with increasing of implantation temperature, while that as
B-C-D bond was constant up to 673K.
These results indicatethat the formation of B-C-D bond would be induced by anon-thermal equilibrium process.
3A03 Studies on hot atom chemical behavior of energetic
ions in solids XVIII - Annihilation behavior of irradiation
defects induced in 14 MeV neutron-irradiated lithium
ortho-silicateKOBAYASHI, M.,1 ISHIKAWA, H1.,SUZUKI, S1.,12
1INAGAKI, Y ., Ochiai, K ., OYA, Y ., OKUNO, K1(Radiosci. Res. Lab., Fac. of Sci., Shizuoka Univ.1, Japan
Atomic Energy Agency2)
In blanket systems for D-T fusion reactors, lithiumcompounds play a role of tritium breeding. Lithium
ortho-silicate (Li4SiO4) is one of candidates for tritium
breeding materials due to its high lithium density and low
radioactivation. From the viewpoint of the establishment oftritium recovery techniques, it is important to elucidate thechemical behavior of tritium produced in Li4SiO4. In this study,
the annihilation behavior of irradiation defects in 14 MeV
neutron-irradiated Li4SiO4 was investigated by means ofElectron Spin Resonance (ESR). These results were comparedwith those of thermal neutron-irradiated sample.
From the results of isothermal annealing experiments, it was
assumed that the annihilation process consisted of two
processes, namely, fast and slow processes. From the Arrhenius
plot of annihilation rate of irradiation defects, the activationenergy for each process in 14 MeV neutron irradiated sample
was determined. From the comparison with slow processes forthermal and for 14 MeV irradiated samples, the activationenergy for thermal neutron-irradiated sample was larger thanthat for 14 MeV neutron-irradiated sample, indicating that, thedensity of irradiation defects influence on oxygen trapped atinterstitial site.
3A04 Long-term variability of plutonium and thorium
isotope depositions observed in Tsukuba
HIROSE, K., IGARASHI, Y., AOYAMA, M.
(Geochem. Res. Dep, Meteor. Res. Inst.)
Monthly depositions of plutonium and thorium isotopes in
Tsukuba, Japan during the period 1990-2007 were determined.
The monthly 239,240Pu deposition showed s typical seasonalvariation with inter-annual variability. Especially, marked
peaks of the 239,240Pu deposition occurred in spring in the 2000s.
The seasonal change and inter-annual variation of the monthly
239,240
Pu deposition are closely related to those of the Kosaevents. High monthly depositions of thorium, which originatesfrom soil particles, were observed in spring as did 239,240Pu. The
230
Th/232Th activity ratios in deposition samples showed large
variability; its higher ratios were observed in early spring.
The higher 230Th/232Th ratios reflect local soils contaminated byuranium originating from fertilizers, whereas the low ratios
occur in lithogenic materials. Therefore, the 230Th/232Th ratios
in deposition allow us to separate local and remote fractions of
the thorium deposition. The results reveal that both local andremote fractions of the thorium deposition showed seasonalvariations with high in spring although the remote fraction isdominant within season. We calculated the local fraction of the239,240
Pu deposition when constant 239,240Pu/232Th ratio ispresumed in local soil particles. The local 239,240Pu deposition
showed a smaller peak in early spring, corresponding to local
dust storm event. The marked high 239,240Pu deposition inspring in the 2000s is attributable to remote fraction,corresponding to the Kosa.
3A05 Distribution of 129I in the surface soil at Rokkasho,
Aomori, Japan
KAKIUCH, H1., IYOGI T1., OHTSUKA Y1., ICHINOHE T2.,HISAMATSU S1(Institute for Environmental Sciences1, Environmental
Research Center2)
The spent nuclear fuel reprocessing plant located in
Rokkasho, Aomori, Japan (40o57’66”N, 141o21’87”E) is ingoing operation tests with actual spent nuclear fuels, andreleases a limited amount of 129I into the surrounding
environment. We have determined 129I concentrations in
uncultivated soil and various cultivated soils at Rokkasho by
AMS, for evaluation of the effects of the release on theenvironmental 129I concentration level. Concentration of 129I in
the uncultivated soil surface showed ca. 1.4 mBq kg-1-dry soil,
and 129I/127I isotopic ratio showed 10-8.
This work was performed under contract with the Aomori
Prefectural Government, Japan.
3A06 Radiocarbon dating of the kohitsugire calligraphies
and the kiwamefuda certificates: On the execution age ofGenji narrative scroll
ODA, H.,1 IKEDA, K.2(Nagoya Univ., 1 Chuo Univ. 2)
Many ancient manuscripts written in Heian-Kamakura
period (9th - early 14th century) had been divided into leaves toappreciate as hanging scrolls. Such ancient paper sheets withelegant calligraphy are called kohitsugire. In this study,
radiocarbon ages of kohitsugire calligraphies attributed to
Asukai
Masatsune(1170-1221),
Imaki-gireandKinginkirihaku-wakanroeisyu-gire, were measured by AMS.
Although they are attributed to Asukai Masatsune according to
the kiwamefuda certificates, it has been commonly accepted inrecent years that they are genuine handwritings of Fujiwara no
Norinaga (1109-1180?). Radiocarbon dating indicated that they
were written from the middle 11th to the late 12th century. It
includes the period when Fujiwara no Norinaga had flourished
as a calligraphist and is too early as Asukai Masatsune’s
handwriting. The national treasure “Genjimonogatari emaki” isa narrative scroll depicting Murasaki Shikibu’s novel “Tale ofGenji” by colorful paintings and graceful calligraphy. A part ofthe calligraphy in “Genjimonogatari emaki” is written by thesame
handwritingas
Imaki-gireandKinginkirihaku-wakanroeisyu-gire. The radiocarbon ages ofthese kohitsugire shows that they were written by Fujiwara no
Norinaga. Therefore, the result also suggests that
“Genjimonogatari emaki” was executed in the late 12th
century.
3A07
Oxidation of nobelium by an electrochemical
approach
TOYOSHIMA, A.,1 KASAMATSU, Y.,1 TSUKADA, K.,1
KITATSUJI, Y.,1 ISHII, Y.,1 TOUME, H.,1 ASAI, M.,1
NAGAME, Y.,1 HABA, H.,2 AKIYAMA, K.,3 OOE, K.,4
SATO, W.,4 SHINOHARA, A.4(Advanced Sci. Res. Center, Japan Atomic Energy Agency,1
Nishina Center for Accelerator Based Sci., RIKEN,2 Grad.
School of Sci. and Engineering, Tokyo Metropolitan Univ.,3
Grad. School of Sci., Osaka Univ. 4)
We will present oxidation of nobelium (No) using anelectrochemistry apparatus combined with a chromatographic
separation technique available for single atoms. Nobelium-255(3.1 min) was produced in the 248Cm(12C,5n) reaction at the
JAEA tandem accelerator. Chromatographic behavior of No ona chemically modified electrode with Nafion perfluoronatedion-exchange
resin
was
investigatedin0.1M
α-hydroxyisobutyric acid (α-HIB) solution. Elution behavior of81
Sr and 162Yb produced by the Ge(12C,xn) and Gd(12C,xn)
reactions, respectively, was also measured in separate
experiments under the same conditions as those of 255No toverify the difference in elution behavior between the divalent(Sr2+) and trivalent (Yb3+) ions. Independently of the applied
potentials, 162Yb3+ was eluted in 0.1 M α-HIB while 81Sr2+strongly adsorbed on the electrode. At the low applied potentialof 0.2 V, 255No was adsorbed on the electrode, indicating that
No is bound in the most stable divalent state. On the other hand,at the higher potential of 1.2 V, 255No was eluted with 0.1 M
α-HIB, showing that No exists as a trivalent ion. These results
demonstrate that No2+ is successfully oxidized to No3+ with thepresent electrochemical approach.
3A08 Cross section measurements for monoenergetic
neutron-induced nuclear reaction of Cu and Nb in theintermediate energy region.
OMOTO, T.,1 NINOMIYA, K.,1 NAKAGAKI, R.,1
TAKAHASHI, N.,1 SEKIMOTO, S.,2 YASHIMA, H.,2
SHIBATA, S.,2 KINOSHITA, N.,3 MATSUMURA, H.,3
SHIMA, T.,4 SHINOHARA, A.,1 NISHIIZUMI, K.5(Grad. School Sci., Osaka Univ.,1 Res. Reactor Inst., Kyoto
Univ.,2 KEK,3 RCNP, Osaka Univ.,4 Space Sci. Lab.,
California Univ.5)
Neutron induced nuclear reaction has no coulomb barrier.
Low energy nuclear reactions induced by the neutrons aredifferent from those by the protons because of large influenceof the coulomb barrier. On the other hand, high energy nuclear
reactions by the neutrons are similar to those by protons due tonegligible effect on the coulomb barrier. However, there are no
experimental data of the reaction cross sections above 100
MeV neutrons. In this study, we tried to determine the crosssections of the reaction products in cupper and niobium forintermediate energy (several hundred MeV) monoenergetic
neutrons. 362 MeV neutrons were produced by bombarding the7
Li target with the 392 MeV proton beam at the N0 course in
Research Center for Nuclear Physics (RCNP), Osaka
University. The cupper and niobium foils were also irradiateddirectly with the proton beam to compare the results of neutron
induced nuclear reactions. The produced radionuclides weredetected with a gamma-ray counting method by using highpurity germanium detectors. We obtained the cross sections of
24 nuclides for neutron-induced nuclear reactions in cupper,
and those of 31 nuclides in niobium. In this presentation, we
report the obtained neutron induced cross sections of cupperand niobium, and compare the results with the previous ones inliterature to discuss the differences between neutron and proton
induced nuclear reactions.
3A09 Liqui-liquid extraction behaviors of Nb and Ta for
Db chemistryHASEGAWA, T.1, GOTO, S.2, NAGAME, Y.3, TUKADA, K.3,
ASAI, M.3, TOYOSHIMA, A.3, KUDO, H1.
(Fac.of Sci., Niigata Univ.1, Center for Inst. Anal., Niigata
Univ.2, JAEA.3)
In order to investigate the chemical property of 105Db, theliquid-liquid extraction behavior of Nb and Ta with thequaternary ammonium salt Aliquat 336 in pure HF and HClsystems has been studied. The liqud-liqud extraction
experiments were performed with a batch method. The aliquat336-1,2-dichloroethane solution and the various HCl or HF
solution containing the radiotracer were shaken in the Teflon
vessel. After centrifuging, an activity of each phase wasmeasured and a distribution coefficient was calculated from theratio of the activity of the organic phase to that of the aqueous
phase. The distribution coefficients of Ta in the Aliquat 336/HF
system were very height as well as those in the previous workby other group.
On the other hand, the extraction of Ta from HCl was very
weak, which was different from the previous results. The
reason for this difference in HCl system may be adsorption of apart of Ta tracer to the polypropylene vessel used in theprevious experiments.
[1] W. Paulus, J. V. Kratz, E. Strub, and S. Zauner, Radiochim.
Acta 84, 69-77 (1999)
3A10 Solvent Extraction of Mendelevium with HTTA in
Carbon Tetrachloride from Hydrochloric Acid
YAHAGI, W.1, OOE, K. 1, FUJISAWA, H. 1, KOMORI, Y. 1,
KIKUNAGA, H. 1, YOSHIMURA, T. 1, SATO, W. 1,
TAKAHASHI, N. 1, KUDOU, Y.2, HABA, H. 2, TOYOSHIMA,
A.3, ASAI, M. 3, NAGAME, Y. 3, ENOMOTO, S. 2,
SHINOHARA, A. 1
(Grad. School Sci., Osaka Univ.1, RIKEN2, JAEA3)
The chemical characters of f-block elements have beenstudied by comparing the distribution ratio (D) of liquid-liquid
extraction for the rare earth elements and the actinide elements
systematically. In this study, the extraction behavior of
mendelevium
(Md)
into
0.1
M
2-thenoyltrifluoroacetone(HTTA)-CCl4
from
0.1
M
NH4Cl-HCl has been studied together with that of thulium
(Tm).
255
Md (T1/2 = 27 min, Eα= 7.327 MeV) and 162Tm(T1/2 = 21.7
min, Eγ = 900 keV) were produced by irradiating a mixed target(248Cm 932 µg/cm2, natGd 84.3 µg/cm2) with a 56.3 MeV 11B
beam at K70 AVF cyclotron in RIKEN. Reaction products
were carried to the chemistry laboratory by the gas-jet system,
collected on a polyester film, and dissolved in 0.1 M
NH4Cl-HCl with either pH 3.05, 3.16, or 3.36. The solution andthe same volume of 0.1 M HTTA-CCl4 were placed in apolyethylene tube and shaken for 20 minutes. The each phase
was isolated, dried up on tantalic dishes, and subjected toa-particle spectrometry.
As a result, the slopes of log D vs. pH plot were 1.42±0.18
for Md and 1.74±0.05 for Tm. The slopes provide the numberof separated protons from HTTA when HTTAs werecoordinated to the metal ion. However three HTTAs werecoordinated to actinide and lanthanide in literature. In our study,
we can not rule out the possibility that the large amount of
NH4Cl affected to the experimental results.
3A11 Observation of etch pit shape in CR-39 with atomic
force microscope for the samples irradiated with 25 MeV
C-12 ionsSUZUKI, D.,1 YOKOYAMA, A.2(Grad. School Nat. Sci. Tech., Kanazawa Univ.,1 Inst. Sci.
Eng., Kanazawa Univ.2)
In this study, we aim to acquire a standard data of therelation between an incident particle and its etch pit shape forparticle identification with a solid-state track detector. The
irradiation experiment of 12C ion was done at the Wakasa wan
energy research center. The irradiated sample was etched for 15
minutes with 6M NaOH solution, and the etch pit was observedwith an atomic force microscope. The depth of etch pit and thedimension of its opening were examined in relation to theincident energy of 12C ion. The depth of etch pit becomesshallower as the incident energy increases. And, the opening
becomes smaller as the energy increases. The behavior agrees
with the expected stopping power depending on the incident
energy of ions. However, it is considered necessary to examine
etching condition etc. because there is a considerable deviationof the shape even in a sample under the same conditions.
3B01
Evaluation of neutron activation in medical
accelerator facilities
MASUMOTO, K., TOYODA, A., NAKAMURA, H., SUZUKI,
T., HAGIWARA, M.
(High Energy Accelerator Research Organizaiton)
The definition and handling of activated material at theaccelerator facilities have been just proceeded to adopt inJapanese regulations. Neutron is a major source of activation insurrounding materials of small accelerators, such as electronlinear accelerators and cyclotrons. In order to evaluate theactivation levels by monitoring neutron flux during operation,
we used personal dosimeter (TLD, CR-39) and activation foils.
It was found that the activation method using Au foils is
sensitive for thermal neutrons. Activity observed in bolts
obtained in the accelerator room is suited for analyzing thehistorical record of activation. Cl-36 AMS is one of the mostsensitive method for the measurement of thermal neutron
fluence in concrete samples. On the other hand, several Monte
Carlo codes are also applied to estimate neutron propagationand neutron activation. It was confirmed these results wereconsistent with the results of activity measurement.
3B02 Neutron Flux Estimation in a Cyclotron Room byGamma-ray Analysis of Bolts
OGATA, Y.1, ISHIGURE, N.1, MOCHIZUKI, S.2, ITO, K.3, HATANO,
K.3, ABE, J.3, MASUMOTO, K.4, NAKAMURA, H.4, MATSUSHITA,
H.4, ITO, Y.5(Nagoya Univ.1, Nagoya Univ. Grad.2, Longevity Sci.3, KEK4,
Nagoya Rehabilitation c.5)
Short half-life nuclides for PET examination are mainly
produced using on site small cyclotrons. Operation of thecyclotron inevitably generates significant quantity of neutrons,
which will potentially activate the cyclotron and surrounding
materials. We tried to estimate the neutron fluxes in cyclotron
rooms via the radioactivity analysis of bolts on wall sockets in
the rooms. The objectives in this study were two cyclotrons;
one was a negative ion type and the other was a positive ion
type, while both cyclotrons were able to accelerate protons anddeuterons up to 18 MeV and 10 MeV, respectively. The boltson the wall sockets in the cyclotron rooms were removed andthe radioactivities were analysed by an HPGe detector. The
results were compared with those measured via the gold foil
activation method. Main nuclides detected in the bolts were64
Cu and 65Zn. The neutron fluxes of both cyclotron rooms

were from 4⋅105 to 2⋅106 cm-2s-1.
The neutron fluxes
estimated from the activities of 64Cu and 65Zn in the bolts
approximately agreed with ones measured via the gold foil
method. It was proved that the radioactive analysis of thosebolts is effective to estimate the neutron flux in cyclotron
rooms.
3B03 Determination of neutron fluxes at the self-shielded
PET cyclotron and the electron liniac apparatus ofTokushima University Hospital using activation foil method
SAKAMA, M.,1 SAZE, T.,2 TANII, T.,1 MAEZAWA, H.,1
MAEDA, K.,3 SATO, K.,4 HONDA, E.,5 NISHITANI, H.,6
MASUMOTO, K.7(School Health Sci., Univ. Tokushima,1 RIC, Univ.
Tokushima,2 SHI Accelerator Service Ltd.,3 Tokushima Univ.
Hospital,4 Department Oral and Maxillofacial, Inst. HBS, Univ.
Tokushima,5 Department Radiology, Inst. HBS, Univ.
Tokushima,6 Radiation Sci. KEK7)
At present, from a radiation safety management point ofview, it has been discussed to construct guidelines on
estimation of neutron fluxes produced via operating various
medical small accelerators and to establish uniformly theclearance system related to having neutron activation effects
into each accelerator facility. That is, it was the aim of thisinvestigation to accumulate the data on estimation basis ofneutron flux measurements at those medical small acceleratorsby an activation foil method. In this work, the neutron fluxes atthe self-shielded PET cyclotron and the electron liniac
apparatus of Tokushima University Hospital have beenmeasured as the medical small accelerator. As a result, for the
self-shielded PET cyclotron, it was found that the thermal
neutron flux is (1.04 0.05) 107 cm-2 s-1 and the fast neutron
fluxes are distributed over the range 1 104 (the neutron energy
En = 9 MeV) to 1 107 (En = 1.5 MeV) cm-2 s-1 into theradiation shelter, and while the thermal neutron fluxes would
be distributed over the range 5.0 101 to 9.9 101 cm-2 s-1 andthen the fast neutron dose leakages were not detected outside
there. For the 6/10MV electron liniac apparatus, it was also
found that the same thermal neutron fluxes would be
distributed all around the liniac room and the measured values
are over the range (1.01 0.18) 103 to (1.32 0.10) 103
cm-2 s-1.
3B04 Process of off-gas generated from the spallation
neutron source (JSNS) in J-PARC
KASUGAI, Y., KAI, T., OHTSU, K., FUTAKAWA, M.,
IKEDA, Y.
(Japan Atomic Energy Agency, J-PARC Center)
Various kinds of the spallation products are generated in the
mercury used as the spallation neutron source (JSNS) at theMaterials and Life Science Facility in J-PARC. In particular,
gas products are accumulated in the gas phase of the mercury
tank in the mercury circulation system. An off-gas processing
system has been installed in order to process the off-gas andenable the gas release to the environment under theconcentration limit of radioactivity. The off-gas processing
system has three functions mainly as follows: (1) Removal of
mercury vapor by a mercury absorption filter, (2) Removal oftritium by a tritium process circulation system, and (3)Reduction of noble gas activities by keeping the gas using a gas
holder for about one year. In this presentation, we report thecalculation of the amount of the radioactive gas product in the
mercury, which is used for the system design as a basis, outlineof the off-gas process and the activity measurement of theoff-gas after the commissioning of JSNS with low power
operation.
3B05 A novel production method of no-carrier-added
64
Cu using chelate exchange method for medical
applications
WATANABE, Sh.1, LIANG, J. X.1, IIDA, Y.2,3, HANAOKA,
H.2,3, WATANABE, Sa.1, ENDO, K.2,3, ISHIOKA, N. S.1(QuBS, JAEA1, Gunma Univ. Grad. Scl. Med.2, Gunma Univ.
21st COE program3)
64
Cu has intermediated half-life and multiple decay mode (β= 19%, β = 39%, EC = 42%). It has been expected to apply
to medical applications. We have produced no-carrier-added
64
Cu via the 64Ni(p,n)64Cu reaction, and we developed
automated apparatus for its production. Generally, an anion
exchange method has been employed in the production.
However, it is difficult to separate radio-cobalt which is
produced by irradiation of enriched-Ni target. The anion
exchange method requests a long column and much solvent inorder to separate 64Cu with high radionuclide purity. Then, it isnecessary to improve the separation method for automatedapparatus. In this study, we develop a novel production method
using chelate exchange separation for medical applications. As
a result, we could separated no-carrier-added 64Cu with highyield (88%) and radionuclide purity (>99%). Obtained 64Cu by
this method has low impurities and high specific activity (655
GBq/µmol), and 64Cu labeled antibodies can be synthesizedwith high labeling yield (86%). These results indicate that thenovel production method can be applied to automatedapparatus for medical applications.
3B06 Emission of CH3T, HT and HTO from StainlessSteel Surface - Effect of Metal Friction and Oxygen HIGAKI, S., MAKIDE, Y.
(Radioisotope Center, The Univ. of Tokyo)
We have reported that the emission of methane occurs by themetal-metal collision or friction of stainless steel (SS) by using
tritium (T) as a tracer. Since the emission of trace amount water
was not detected by the radiogaschromatography (radio-GC),
we introduced a chemical HTO trapping column prior to thecryogenic preconcentration column for radio-GC. T2 gas fortritiation was first introduced into the SS canister whichcontains many small SS balls inside. The canister was heatedand evacuated. The canister was then shaken under the He
atmosphere with O2. The O2 content in He and time of shaking
were varied as the experimental condition. Emitted CH3T and
HT were trapped cryogenically by the column packed withmolecular sieves 13X at liquid nitrogen temperature, and thenmeasured by radio-GC system equipped with a proportionalcounter. Emitted HTO was trapped by a glass column (1/4-incho.d., 8-cm long) packed with Sicapent (desiccant agent which
consists of mainly P2O5), which was then dissolved with waterand measured with a liquid scintillation counting system. The
trapping efficiency of this column in this experimental
condition was confirmed to be nearly 100%. HTO wasobserved under all the experimental conditions, although CH3T
was emitted only with shaking in absence of O2; HT wasemitted only in absence of O2.
3B07
Iron carbide films produced by pulsed laser
deposition
YOSHIDA, H.,1 KOUNO, K.,1 KOBAYASHI, Y.,2

YAMADA, Y.,1
(Tokyo. Univ. of Sci.,1 REKEN.2)
Laser deposition of Fe in acetylene atmosphere producediron carbide films having various compositions. The chemical
properties of iron carbide films were investigated by
Mössbauer spectroscopy and the surface images were observedby scanning electron microscopy. The composition of ironcarbide films changed depending on the pressure of acetylene
atmosphere (2.7 - 130 Pa) and the temperature of Al substrates(300 K and 573 K). The major component of the films
produced at 300 K was found to be a paramagnetic species
independent of the pressure of acetylene atmosphere. The
paramagnetic iron carbide showed a doublet at both 300 K (I.S.
= 0.33 ± 0.02 mm/s, Q.S. = 0.94 ± 0.03 mm/s) and 15 K (I.S
= 0.44 mm/s, Q.S = 0.95 mm/s) confirming that this species
was not magnetic iron oxides, though the Mössbauer
parameters do not accord with those of iron carbides reported
in literatures. When the films were produced at 573 K, thecompositions of the films were different: Fe3C was produced at
2.7 Pa, and paramagnetic species were produced at highpressure. It was found that iron carbide films having various
compositions are produced by changing the substratetemperature and the pressure of acetylene atmosphere.
3B08 Mechanism of formation of Iron oxide thin films
produced by laser deposition in oxygen atmosphere
KOUNO, K., 1 YOSHIDA, H., 1 KOBAYASHI, Y.,
2
YAMADA, Y. 1
(Tokyo Univ. of Science, 1RIKEN. 2)
Iron oxide films were produced by laser-deposition of Fe in
an oxygen atmosphere. The amount of droplets(micrometer-sized Fe particles in Fe vapor) was controlled byshifting the focal point of a Fe metal sample. The compositions
and chemical properties of the iron oxide films were studied by
Mössbauer spectroscopy and the surface morphology wereobserved by SEM. An iron oxide film obtained in 7 Pa oxygen
atmosphere without droplet was constituted of Fe3O4 (two setsof sextet), divalent iron oxide particles (doublet), and trivalentiron particles (doublet). Iron oxide particles were produced by
the reaction of laser vaporized Fe atoms with oxygen moleculesin gas phase, and the following surface reaction and the crystal
growth produced Fe3O4 films. On the other hand, the film
obtained in 7 Pa of oxygen atmosphere with a large number ofdroplets in Fe vapor was constituted of Fe2O3 (sextet), divalentiron oxide particles (doublet), and a-Fe (sextet). In the gas
phase reaction, only the surface of Fe droplets was oxidized
while the inside of the droplet was not oxidized. Therefore, theparticles produced the films consist of a mixture of iron oxides
and neat a-Fe by deposition onto an Al substrate.
3B09 Synthesis and Mössbauer studies of iron-lanthanoid
polynuclear complexes
SAHARA, Y., AKIYAMA, K., KATADA,. M(Grad. Sci. Eng., Tokyo Metropolitan Univ.)
We studied the lattice dynamics of the Fe atom in thelanthanide (Ln) complexes with the ferrocenedicarboxylate (L)ligands by 57Fe Mössbauer spectrometry. Ln2L3 and[Ln(phen)2]2L3 complexes were synthesized and comfirmed by
the elemental analysis and IR spectrometry. As the result of57
Fe Mössbauer measurements, no significant change in theisomer shift (I.S.) and the quatrupole splitting (Q.S.) for both
Eu2L3 and [Eu(phen)2]2L3 complexes were observed in thetemperature range between 80K and room temperature. The

dlnA/dT of Eu2L3 and [Eu(phen)2]2L3 evaluated from the leastsquare fit of the area intensity for each temperature were-0.0044 and -0.0046, respectively. These values are almost
same as each other in spite of the existence of more balky
ligand and are larger than that of the previously reported for the
ferrocenedicarboxylic acid. It is found that the molecularmotion of L in these complexes are smaller than that of H2L.
3B10 Mössbauer study of new electrically conductive
glass
NISHIDA, T. 1,2 and YASUMITSU, H.2(School Human. Orient. Sci. Technol., Kinki Univ.,1 Grad.
School Advanced Sci. Technol., Kinki Univ.2)
NTA glassTM, such as 20BaO 10Fe2O3 70V2O5, iscommercially used as a probe for “ionizer (air cleaner)”.
Electrical resistivity (ρ) of NTA glassTM is decreased from theorder of 106 ~107 Ωcm to several Ωcm after heat treatment at atemperature close to the crystallization temperature (Tc). An
activation energy for the electrical conduction (Ea) decreases
from 0.35 to 0.10 eV after heat treatment. 57Fe Mössbauer
spectra of NTA glassTM show a marked decrease in thequadrupole splitting (Δ) of FeIIIO4 tetrahedra after heat
treatment. These results indicate that a structural relaxation ofglass network, accompanied by an increase in the local
symmetry of distorted FeO4 and VO4 tetrahedra, accompanies adecrease in the Ea and that in the band gap. As a result, thenumber of electrons (polarons) populating the conduction band
will be increased.
Heat treatment of LiFeVPO7 glass also shows a structural
relaxation of the network and a marked decrease in the ρ.
Capacity of lithium-ion battery could be increased from 50 to
150 mAh g-1 when heat-treated LiFeVPO7 glass was used as acathode active material.
3B11 57Fe and119Sn CEMS of SnO2 films implanted with
57
Fe
Nomura, K., Reuther, H., Rykov, A.
(1 School of Eng., the Univ. of Tokyo, 2 Forschungszentrum
Dresden-Rossendorf e. V)
The origin of magnetic interactions in Diluted Magnetic
Semiconductors (DMS) is attracting a great attention as a basic
problem on magnetism[1-2]. In all of these works, the observed
ferromagnetism has been attributed to interactions between themagnetic impurities. We have reported the different types ofmagnetic source in case of Fe doped SnO2 powder [3], and themain source has never been associated to magnetically ordered
defects. The phonon density of states of rutile type structures
was studied by NIS [4]. Here we have made the thin films of
SnO2 implanted with 57Fe and characterized them by 57Fe and119
Sn conversion electron Mössbauer spectrometry (CEMS).
Thin films of Sn1-x57FexO2- were implanted at room
temperature with 1x1017 Fe ions/cm2 and at 300oC with 5x1016
and 1x1017 Fe ions/cm2. In both case, the acceleration energy
was 100 keV. From TRIM calculations of implantation
conditions of 1x1017 Fe ions/cm2 we expected the iron profiles
peaked at about 40 nm with a maximum Fe concentration of
about 10 at. %. Only 5x1016 ions/cm2 of the Mössbauer isotope
57
Fe were implanted while the balance was implanted with 56Fe
ions in the case of the 1x1017 ions/cm2 implantation.
The implanted Fe ions exist as Fe(II) and Fe(III) in SnO2
films, which partially also are reduced into Sn(II) on theimplanted surface layer. The as prepared sample at room
temperature and post-annealed samples did not show Kerrδeffect, but the sample implanted with 1x1017 Fe ions/cm2, whileheated at 300oC, showed Kerr effect although the magnetic
sextets were not observed in 57Fe CEM spectra. The Kerr effectdisappeared after post-annealing. It suggests that the number ofmagnetic defects decreases by absorption of oxygen.
For 5x1016 57Fe ion implanted samples, magnetic
components with broad peaks were observed, but not for
1x1017 Fe ion implanted sample. This suggests that diluted Fe
ions may induce the dilute anti-ferromagnetism or theparamagnetic relaxation because the Kerr effect was not clearlyobserved.
[1] J.M.D.Coey, M. Venkatesan, C.B.Fitzgerald, Nature Mater.
4, 173 (2005).
[2] A. Punnoose, J. Hays, A. Thurber, M. H. Engelhard, R. K.
Kukkadapu, C. Wang, V. Shutthanandan, and S. Thevuthasan,
Phys. Rev. B 72, 054402 (2005).
[3] K. Nomura, C.A. Barrero, J. Sakuma, and M. Takeda, Phys.
Rev. B75, 184411 (2007)[4] A. Rykov, K. Nomura, J. Sakuma, C. Barrero, Y. Yoda,
T.Mitsui, Phys. Rev. B77, 014302 (2008).
3P01 Origin identification of building stone using prompt
gamma-ray analysis
MATSUE, H.,1 OJIMA, H.,2 YOSHIDA, H.,3 ASANO, N.,4
HASEGAWA, S.,4 CHO, A.,5 HATSUKAWA, Y.,5 SEGAWA,
M.,5 OSAWA, T.,5 NUMAO, T.,6 KIMURA, T.,6
FUNAKAWA. I.6(JAEA1, Hitachinaka Techno Center2, Haguro Granite
Association3, Ibaraki Prefectural Industrial Technology Center4,
AIST5, Ibaraki University6)
A lot of cheap foreign building stones compared withdomestic production are used in Japan. The quality evaluationis chiefly performed by the naked eye observation, and themethod of a scientific evaluation has not established it.
Elements in stones are estimated to reflect elemental features of
producing districts. The origin identification method ofbuilding stone using a prompt gamma-ray analysis (PGA) was
examined. PGA was performed at JRR-3 installed at JAEA.
Eleven elements, H, B, Na, Al, Si, K, Ca, Ti, Fe, Sm and Gd
were measured by PGA.
3P02 Analysis of metal concentration in aquatic insect larvae by INAA
MOMOSHIMA, N.,1 SUGIHARA, S.,1 HIBINO, K.,2
NAKAMURA, Y.2(RI Center, Kyushu Univ.,1 Grad. School Sci. Tech.,
Kumamoto Univ.2)
Elemental concentrations of aquatic insect larvae andattached algae in uncontaminated river were analyzed by INAA
with k0-standardization method. The aquatic insect larvae
found were all intolerant species. No significant difference wasobserved on the elemental concentrations of aquatic insect
larvae and the attached algae along the river. Similar elemental
concentrations were observed on the aquatic insect larvae
collected at a fixed sampling point for two years. An analysis
by the ratio matching technique indicated a higher genericrelationship between aquatic insect larvae and attached algaethan river water.
3P03 Instrumental neutron activation analysis ofextractable organohalogens (EOX) in zooplankton and fishsamples collected from the northern North Pacific Ocean
KAWANO, M., MORITA, M.
(Faculty of Agriculture, Department of Environmental

Conservation, Ehime University)
Organohalogen compounds such as DDTs, PCBs and dioxin
related compounds are persistent and ubiquitous in theenvironment, and accumulative and toxic for organisms. Firstly,
these compounds are concentrated in zooplankton and fish inaquatic environment, secondly, are biomagnified among food
web animals as fish-eating organisms, namely marine
mammals and seabirds. Consequently, it is important todetermine the levels and accumulative properties of
halogenated organic compounds in zooplankton and fishsamples in order to understand the environmental behavior of
the compounds. The present study was undertaken toinvestigate the concentrations and residue profiles inzooplankton and fish samples collected in the northern North
Pacific Ocean.
The detectable levels of EOX were presented in the samples:
0.765-1.68 for extractable organochlorine (EOCl), 0.096-0.128
for extractable organobromine (EOBr) and 0.0301-0.0862 forextractable organoiodine (EOI). The concentration order was
EOCl > EOBr > EOI. The concentration ratios (fish /zooplankton) for each halogen were 0.93 (average) and 0.61
(min.) to 1.3 (max.) for EOCl, 0.86 (0.76 – 1.0) for EOBr and0.89 (0.43 – 1.2) for EOI. The results of detail investigation
show the presence of bio-accumulative organic chlorinatedcompounds in the northern North Pacific marine environment.
3P04 Separation of actinides(III) from lanthanides(III) by
extraction
chromatography
using
N,N’-dialkyl-N,N’-diphenylpyridine-2,6-dicarboxyamides
ARISAKA, M., WATANABE, M., KIMURA, T.
(Japan Atomic Energy Agency)
Separation of actinide(III) such as americium and curium
with long-term a-radiotoxicity from high level radioactive
waste containing lanthanide(III) is indispensable to attaintransmutation of actinide(III) successfully.
Extraction
chromatography is one of the promising separation techniques
for recovering small amounts of target components from asolution. In this study, to attain the separation of actinides(III)from lanthanides(III) by extraction chromatography,
N,N’-dialkyl-N,N’-diphenylpyridine-2,6-dicarboxyamides(PDA) was synthesized as the extractants. This extractant
system is prospective to selectively recognize actinides(III)over lanthanides(III) since this has nitrogen donor (pyridylgroup) between two amidic functions.
The extraction
chromatography resin was prepared by contacting XAD4
(amberlite) with a methanol solution of PDA.
The
distribution coefficient, Kd, of M(III) to the resin was measured
by batch method. The Kd of both Am(III) and Eu(III)increased with an increase of HNO3 concentration in the rangeof 2 – 5 M. The separation factor (= Kd(Am)/Kd(Eu)) at 3 M
HNO3 was determined to be 6.9. From the result of column
experiment, it was found that a complete separation between
Am(III) and Eu(III) was archived.
Present study includes the result of “Development of
separation technology of transuranium elements and fission
products by using new extractants and adsorbents” entrusted toJapan Atomic Energy Agency by the Ministry of Education,
Culture, Sports, Science and Technology of Japan (MEXT).
3P05 Back Donation Properties of 5f of Pu and Cm to
Organic Ligands from the Standpoint of Partial Density ofStatesYaita, T.1), Ikeda, T.1), Shuh, D. K.2)

(JAEA.,1 LBNL2)
It is considered that the 5f orbitals of actinides show moreitinerate properties than the 4f ones of lanthanides and however,these shielded by closed 6s and 6p orbitals could notparticipated in chemical bonding with molecular materials likeorganic ligands. However, it has been pointed out that there are
significant differences on the interaction between soft donor
ligands and actinides. In this presentation, the chemicalbonding properties between actinides (Pu, Cm) and ligands andback donation properties of 5f electrons to the ligands on thebasis of experimental partial density of states (PDOS) will betalked.
3P06 Application of imaging plate to measurement of size
distribution of radioactive nano particles using Graded
Screen ArrayKANDA, H., 1 OSADA, N., 1 OKI, Y., 2 YAMASAKI, K., 2
SHIBATA, S. 2
(Grad. School of Eng., Kyoto Univ., 1 Reactor ResearchInstitute, Kyoto Univ.2)
Graded Screen Array (GSA) is often used in order tomeasure a size distribution of radioactive aerosols which are
generated in an accelerator room. In this study, we appliedimaging plate (IP) to measurement of radioactive aerosols
using GSA so that experiments become facile and rapid.
Irradiation was carried out at 46MeV electron linear accelerator
in Reactor Research Institute, Kyoto University. We placed aflexible tube made of stainless steel behind a Ta target, andintroduced the aerosol-free air into the tube at the rate of
5.7L/min. We collected radioactive aerosols by GSA for 20minduring irradiation. The GSA is composed of five wire screens
which have different mesh size and a PTFE filter. IP was
exposed for 20min. From the detected values of IP wecalculated penetration efficiencies for screens and obtained aparticle size distribution by fitting a penetration efficiencies
curve. It was found that geometric median diameter andgeometric standard deviation were 28-31nm and 2.3-2.8,
respectively. It was shown that this system can be applied tomeasurement of size distribution of radioactive aerosols in theaccelerator room.
3P07 X-ray powder diffraction method for determinationof trace asbestos in building materials by SAGA LS
KAWAMURA, H., 1 TAMARI, T., 1 MOTOMURA, M., 1
OHTANI, R., 2 SUMITANI, K., 2 OKAJIMA, T. 2
(KEEA , 1 SAGA-LS2)
Asbestos is widely known to be highly toxic. The inhalationof asbestos fibers can cause serious illnesses, including
mesothelioma and asbestosis. Since the mid 1970s, many usesof asbestos have been banned in Japan. According to theJapanese law, it is necessary to analyze the asbestos
concentration in the building materials in case of thedismantlement. However, it is not easy due to the trace level. In
this investigation, we studied the X-ray powder diffraction
method for determination of trace asbestos in building
materials by synchrotron radiation at Kyushu synchrotron lightresearch center.
3P08 Recent Environmental Tritium Levels at Kyushu
Island, JapanTAMARI, T.,1 KAWAMURA, H.,1 KUWAHARA, Y.,2
TOMO, N.,2 SAKAE, N.,2 OOFUCHIWAKI, H.2(KEEA, 1 Kagoshima Pref. 2)

Recent environmental tritium concentration shows fairly low
level, because a large amount of the tritium released into theatmosphere in early 1960’s by nuclear test has almost
decreased. Also the nuclear power plants are another source oftritium. Two PWRs are under operation at Kagoshima
Prefecture. We present the recent tritium levels of atmospheric
HTO, seawater and precipitation.
Atmospheric HTO were continuously collected each monthat three sampling sites. In this study, the results mean average
concentration of tritium for one month. The tritium levels of
HTO at the site close to PWRs showed slightly higher thanother sites and they are almost same as 1980’s atmospheric
HTO. Seawater samples were also collected at three samplingsites. Tritium levels in seawater close to PWRs were almost
same as control sites, but sometimes showed high levels
presumed to be influence of PWRs. The tritium levels without
influence of PWRs were under 15% of 1980’s seawater. Each
precipitation was collected at Fukuoka City. The difference oftritium levels with each precipitation was for the origin of air
mass.
3P09 Investigation of extracting method of iodine for
129 127
I/ I in natural water samples
Ohta, T.1, Kubota, T.1, Matsuzaki, H.2, Amano, H. 3, Suzuki, T.
3, Ando, A.4, Nakano, T. 5, Mahara, Y.1(Research Reactor Institute, Kyoto Univ.,1 Tokyo Univ.2 ,JAEA.3, Research Institute for Humanity and Nature4,Pusan
Univ.5)The extracting method of I isotopes in brine sample with
129 129
I/ I of 10-13 of order of magnitude was investigated.
Isotopic ratio of 129I/129I in iodine reagent was compared withdifferent purity of NaCl reagent, 99.5 % (Wako Co. Ltd.) and99.999% (Aldrich Co. Ltd.).
The 99.5 % of purity for NaClreagent can be used to obtain 129I/127I ratio of 10-13 of order ofmagnitude in the iodine reagent.
It was confirm thatisotopic ratio of 129I/127I ratio in the iodine reagent and the brinewith ultra low 129I/129I ratio (10-13) can be exactly obtained bysome reagents.
Though the iodine isotopes in the iodine
reagent and the brine was separated by an anion exchange resin
to obtained iodine sample water, the ratio of 129I/129I in thesample water was 10 times higher than that in the iodine
reagent and the brine sample.
The conditioning method forthe anion exchange resin reported literatures was difficult toeliminate ultra small amount of 129I and 127I in the anion
exchange resin, suggesting that the separating method of theanion exchange resin was not preferable for brine sample with
10-13 of ultra low 129I/127I ratio.
3P10 Calculation of 222Rn emanation fraction for soil ofsingle grain structure by Monte Carlo simulation
SAKODA, A.1, HANAMOTO, K.1, ISHIMORI, Y.2,
YAMAOKA, K.1(Grad. Sch. Health Sci., Okayama Univ.1, Ningyo-toge Cent.,
JAEA2)In order to predict the radon emanation fraction of soil, wedeveloped a soil model and calculated the radon emanation
fraction of soil by Monte Carlo simulation. In this model, soil
grains are packed in the simple cubic structure and the radon
emanation fraction was calculated as a function of grain size,
moisture content and radium distribution. As a result, the radon
emanation fraction greatly increased with increasing the grain
size in the range of 10–100µm and then was saturated when the
moisture content was 0%. As the moisture content becamehigher, the radon emanation fraction increased and then was
saturated at smaller grain size. Water in pore enhanced theradon emanation fraction because it plays an important role tostop radon atoms before embedded into adjacent grains. On theother hand, the validity of the present model was evaluated incomparison with some experimental data. Since the model
calculations were comparable with the experimental data, thepresent model would be more practical and available toestimate the radon emanation fraction of soil.
3P11 Chemical compounds and radioactivities in rocks
sampled around radon hot springs
HANAMOTO, K.1, SAKODA, A.1, ISHIMORI, Y.2,
YAMAOKA, K.1(Grad. Sch. Health Sci., Okayama Univ.1, Ningyo-toge Cent.,
JAEA2)The hot spring at Misasa in Japan and the gallery at
Badgastein in Austria are world-famous for radon therapy.
However, the mechanism has not yet been understood because
the internal movement of inhaled radon is not obvious. In thisstudy, for the first step to elucidate the mechanism of the radon
therapy, the chemical compounds of rocks (grain size 250–500µm) sampled at Misasa and Badgastein were identified byinductively coupled plasma-atomic emission spectrometry and
X-ray diffraction. The radium activities and the radon
emanation fractions were then measured using a high-purity
germanium detector and a scintillation cell. As a result, theMisasa rock was probably composed of quartz, albite andmicrocline. The Badgastein rock was probably composed ofquartz and muscovite. The radium activity of the Misasa rock(895 Bq/kg) was much lower than that of the Badgastein rock(7064 Bq/kg). In contrast, the radon emanation fraction of theMisasa rock (28.5%) was much higher than that of the
Badgastein rock (2.1%). This may caused by the difference inradium distribution inside grains. It is known that radium
distribution is one of factors that contribute to the radon
emanation fraction. Radium atoms may localize around thesurfaces of grains of the Misasa rock that was weathered,although they may exist uniformly in grains of the Badgasteinrock that was fresh. This difference possibly reflects the resultof the radon emanation fraction.
3P12 The most suitable measurement of carbon -14 inbioethanols by liquid scintillation counters
NOGAWA N. 1, SUZKI S.1, NAKANISHI T. 2, IGARASHI Y.
2,Radioisotope Center1, The University of Tokyo, Graduate
School of Agricultural and Life Sciences2, The University ofTokyo
Toward the low carbon society, production of bioethanols
prosperous. The bioethanol and ethanol obtained by chemical
synthesis of oil are distinguished by measurement of 14C inethanol with the liquid scintillation counter(LSC).
Radioactivity of 14C in marketed ethanols were measured byusing “OptiPhase HiSafe 2” and “Ultima Gold F” scintillators.
The radioactivity of 14C in ethanols produced by thefermentation method and obtained by the chemical synthesis ofoil is are 14.05 - 14.66 dpm/g C and 0.64 - 0.70 dpm/g C
respectively. Ethanol by chemical synthesis of oil included avery small amount of 14C. For this cause, there are thought thatpollution with modern carbon in chemical synthesis and abackground sample not being reasonable.

3P13
Measurement of atmospheric krypton-85
concentration
INOUE, F.,1 MOMOSHIMA, N.,2 SUGIHARA, S.,2 MAEDA,
Y.,1 SHIMADA, J.,3
TANIGUCHI, M.,4 MAHARA, Y.5(Grad. School Sci., Kyushu Univ.,1 R. I. Center Kyushu Univ.,2
Grad. School Natural Sci., Kumamoto Univ.,3 Research Inst.
Humanity and Nature,4 Research Reactor Inst. Kyoto Univ.5)
One of the most important man-made radionuclides in theenvironment is krypton-85 (Kr-85). This nuclide has beenreleased from nuclear fuel reprocessing plants in Europe andfrom the facility recently started to operate at Rokkasho,
Japan. To analyze atmospheric Kr-85 concentration, weconstructed an apparatus which collect and separate Kr fromother atmospheric component and prepare Kr-85 counting
sample. The apparatus consist in dust filter, molecular sieve
trap, charcoal trap and gaschromatography. Activity of Kr-85 ismeasured with a low-back ground liquid scintillation counterusing quart counting vial. Total error of less than 3% associatedwith Kr-85 determination is achieved. The atmospheric Kr-85
concentration of 1.53±0.04 Bq/m3 was obtained in 2008 at
Fukuoka, Japan, which is within the range reported foratmospheric kr-85 concentration of other places.
3P14 Studies on secular variation of radiocarbon contents
in tree rings (6-8th century) of Yaku cedar by AMS.
UENO, H.,1 MURAMATSU, Y.,1 MATSUZAKI, H.,2 Yoko
Sunohara-Tsuchiya.2(Dept. of Chem., Gakushuin Univ,.1 Faculty of Engineering,
The Univ of Tokyo.2)
Atmospheric radiocarbon (14C) is produced in thestratosphere by cosmic ray reaction with nitrogen. 14C isabsorbed photosynthetically by plants. Since the variation ofcosmic ray intensity is influenced by solar magnetic activity,
the production rate of the 14C should have an inverse
correlation with solar activity. In order to know the secularvariation of 14C concentrations in the atmosphere, we havedetermined 14C/12C ratios in a Yaku cedar (1632 year-old).
Selected annual tree ring samples during 560-800 A.D. wereused. In this period, there is very little data about secularvariation of 14C measured for Japanese samples. In the analysis,
we have developed an apparatus to make graphite targets for
Accelerator Mass Spectrometry (AMS). Using a small sample
size, we could measure 14C/12C ratios with reasonable precision
and accuracy by AMS at MALT, University of Tokyo.
Results obtained in this study agreed with a 14C patternreported by IntCal04 [Reimer et.al. (2004)]. However, if we see
details, our data showed a wide range and a short term trend of
the variation. This is because resolution of our data (single tree
ring measurement) is higher than those of IntCal04 in whichtree rings of ten years were combined. Around 700 A.D., Δ14C
maximum is observed. It is interesting to note that there was acold period around this age, suggesting possible relationships
between the solar activity and the climate.
3P15
The concentration of cosmogenic nuclide in
Tamagawa hot spring
YAMAGATA, T.,1 SAITO, T.,2 MARUYAMA, M.,1 SEKINE,
H.,3 NAGAI, H.,3
SINOHARA, A.,4 MATSUZAKI, H.5(Grad. School of Integ. Basic Sci., Nihon Univ.,1 Dept. Admin.
of Safety and Hygiene, Osaka Univ.,2 College of Humanities
and Sci.,3 Grad. Sci., Osaka Univ.,4 Sch. of Engineering, Univ.

of Tokyo,5)The concentration of 10Be (T1/2 = 1.5 x 106 y) and 36Cl (T1/2 =3.0 x 105 y) in Tamagawa hot spring water were investigatedduring 2003 to 2007. All samples were measured by accelerator
mass spectrometry (AMS) at MALT, the University of Tokyo.
The 10Be concentrations in Tamagawa hot spring water were
(3.6 0.4) x 107 atoms kg-1, which are 7 times higher than
rainwater. The 36Cl concentrations were not determined, since
36
Cl/Cl were below the detection limit of the MALT. The low
atomic ratio of 36Cl/Cl was attributed to volcanic gasses withhigh Cl content. In addition to AMS measurements, stable Be
isotope concentrations were measured by ICP-AES. The 9Be
concentrations in Tamagawa hot spring water were 2.7 0.5
ppb and the atomic ratio of 10Be/9Be were (2.1 0.4) x 10-10.
Tamagawa hot spring water generated from rainwater inunderground by adding volcanic gasses, so it was consideredthat the Be isotopes in Tamagawa hot spring water wereleached from soil and volcanic rock. The 10Be/9Be ratio of
Tamagawa hot spring water ranged between the ratios of soil
(10-8) and volcanic rock (10-11). Assuming simple mixing of
those sources, the Be isotopes in Tamagawa hot spring wascontributed over 98% by volcanic rocks.
3P16 Environmental radioactivity measurement by simple
handmade PHA module for understanding of measurement
procedure
KOFUJI, H.
( Japan Marine Science Foundation )For the purpose of the understanding on the measurement
procedure of radioactivity, simple PHA module was made, andit was applied to the environmental radioactivity measurement.
The assembly of the module was PIC microcontoroller
contained 10bit ADC and some circuits, RS232C format data
was output in list mode for pulse input. Though the accuracy
is low, it has the sufficient performance for the detector of the
low resolution such as NaI(Tl) detector. And, it is possible torecord the data input time by using timer of PC in tens
millisecond unit, it is applicable for time interval analysis suchas 220Rn and 222Rn measurement.
3P17 Study on the reversed phase chromatography in
trace
concentrationforsolutionchemistryofrutherfordium.
NANRI, T.,1 ARAKI, M.,1 NISHIO, M.,2 HABA, H.,3 EZAKI,Y.,3 YOKOYAMA, A.4(Grad. School Nat. Sci. Tech., Kanazawa Univ.,1 Fac. Sci.,
Kanazawa Univ.,2 RIKEN,3 Inst. Sci. Eng., Kanazawa Univ.4)
In order to research about the chlorocomplexation ofrutherfordium, we measured distribution ratios (D) of its
homologues, Zr and Hf with both of the batch method andon-line experiment with micro columns in reversed phase
chromatography. In the experiments, we utilize the resin
containing triisooctylamine as extraction solvent. The batch
experiment was performed by using the tracers of 88Zr and175
Hf. The on-line experiment was performed by using 89mZr.
The results of the batch method show that the measured D
values of Zr are larger than those of Hf in 7.5-10M HCl.
Measured D values with on-line experiment don’t agree withthose by the batch method. It is considered that reaction for theon-line experiment doesn’t come to equilibrium. We need toinvestigate the rate-determining step in the reaction process forthe on-line experiment.

3P18 Preparation of a rotating 248Cm target of GARISKUDOU, Y.,1 HABA, H.,1 OOE, K.,2 KAJI, D.,1 MORIMOTO,
K.,1 SHINOHARA, A.,2 MORITA, K.1(RIKEN Nishina center for Accelerator-Based Science.,1 Grad.
School Sci., Osaka Univ.2)
We plan to study chemical properties of superheavy
elements by using a gas-jet transport system coupled to the
RIKEN gas-filled recoil ion separator (GARIS). In this work,
we studied a procedure to prepare a large and uniform Cm2O3
target by a molecular plating method for irradiations using arotating target system of GARIS. Prior to the 248Cm target, theelectrodeposition conditions were optimized by preparing natGd
targets. Six microliters of 0.1 M HNO3 containing 700 µg ofnat
Gd were mixed with 5.5 mL of 2-propanol, and the mixture
was filled into the electrodeposition cell. The target made inthis study is banana-shaped with the active target area of 2.04
cm2. At the applied voltage of 1000 V, the deposition yields
increase with increasing the time for electrodeposition from
52% at 2.5 min to 100% at > 7.5 min. The uniform target layer
is visually observed, and the average-target thickness is 350-2
10 µg cm for the targets electrodeposited for 7.5 min.
The deposition yields also increase with increasing the applied
voltage from 30% at 200 V to 100% at > 600 V during the
10-min electrodeposition.
The 8 pieces of the target made in this study will be arrangedon the rotating wheel of 100 mm diameter. In the meeting, we
will also report the preparation of the rotating 248Cm target
and its test irradiation with a high-intensity 18O beam.
3P19
The liquid-liquid extraction behavior of Fm
produced by the 238U(16O,4n)250Fm reaction
FUJISAWA, H.,1 OOE, K.,1 YAHAGI, W.,1 KOMORI, Y.,1
TAKAYAMA, L.,1 KIKUNAGA, H.,1 YOSHIMURA, T.,1
TAKAHASHI, N.,1 TAKAHISA, K.,2 HABA, H.,3 EZAKI,Y.,3 ENOMOTO, S.,3 SHINOHARA, A.1(Osaka Univ.,1 RCNP,2 RIKEN3)
The extraction behavior of fermium (Fm) has been
investigated as part of the liquid-liquid extraction experimentof actinoid elements and superheavy elements. Fm wasproduced by the 238U(16O,4n)250Fm reaction using the RCNP
AVF cyclotron. Reaction products recoiling out of the target
were transported to a chemistry laboratory by a He/KCl gas-jet
transport system. Transported products were dissolved in 100µL of hydrochloric acid. Equal volume of 0.1 M
thenoyltrifluoroacetone-carbon tetrachloride solution was
mixed with aqueous solution and the mixture was shaken for 20
min. The distribution ratio was obtained from theradioactivities of the organic and aqueous phases measured bya α-ray spectrometry. To compare the result, lanthanides
terbium (Tb), dysprosium (Dy), and erbium (Er) isotopes were
produced by the cyclotron and distribution ratios were obtainedby the similar way. The distribution ratios of other lanthanoids
were also investigated by using RIKEN multitracers.
The distribution ratios of lanthanoids increase withdecreasing the ion radius and with increasing pH. Although theobtained data for Fm suggests that Fm has different trend fromlanthanoids, conformation of the result requires additional
measurements because the counts of Fm were very few in thisexperiment.
3P20 Study on the synthesis of heavy elements throughnuclear fusion induced by heavy ion on rare earth target.
Asano, A.1, Suzuki, D.1, Nanri, T.1, Yamazaki, I.1, Kaiya, H.2,

Kikunaga, H.3, Takahashi, N.3,
Yokoyama, A.4,
1
( Grad. School Nat. Sci. Tech., Kanazawa Univ., 2Fac. Sci.
Kanazawa Univ., 3Grad. School Sci., Osaka Univ., 4Inst. Sci.
Eng., Kanazawa Univ.)
We performed an experiment for the synthesis of heavy
elements with oxygen-16 and a rare earth nucleus of
thulium-169, the latter of which is a deformed nucleus likemany nuclei of actinides. The formation cross sections ofevaporation residues through the nuclear fusion process were
measured by using a stack technique and a gas-jet technique inthe energy range of 72 to 116 MeV. The cross sections
derived from the radioactivities of the products were comparedwith the theoretical values calculated by ALICE code. As aresult, some notable differences between the experimental
values and the theoretical values were found in the iridium
products.
3P21 Application of laser ionization mass spectroscopy
for gas phase chemistry
SHIGENO, Y.,1 KUDO, H.,1 GOTO, S.2(Department of Chemistry, Facilty of Science, Niigata
university1 Center for Instrumental Analysis Niigata
university2)
In order to study chemical properties of transactinid elements
it is necessary to apply rapid chemistry such as gas phasechemistry. Gas phase chemistry is the method of studying
volatility of complexes of the objective elements. In our group,
the volatile dipyvaloylmethane (DPM) complex have beenstudied. However, their chemical forms have not been makeclear yet. Therefore, the mass spectrometer has been used for
elucidation of their chemical forms. There are two conditionsof ionization for mass spectroscopy. First condition is that theionization has nondestructivity, and the second is
high-selectivity. As the ionization method to satisfy thoseconditions, Resonance Enhanced Multi-Photon Ionization(REMPI) was adopted. In the previous experiments of using an
ion chamber, the result that DPM was ionized with REMPI
method was observed. In the experiments of the mass analysis
with REMPI at the resonance wavelength, m/z=57 and 127(these are the fragment ions of DPM) were strongly observed
and the ratio of strength of m/z=57 to that of 127 was different
from the result of the EI method. The molecular ion of DPM,
m/z=184, was weakly observed. Moreover, measurement of
those ions at various wavelengths was performed.
3P22

cancelled

3P23 Studies on volatile behavior of group-4 elements forthe gas phase chemistry of Rf
GOTO, S.,1 ISHIKAWA, T.,2 KUDO, H.,2 TSUKADA, K.,3
ASAI, M.,3 TOYOSHIMA, A.,3 SATO, T.,3 NAGAME, Y.,3
KAJI, D.,4 HABA, H.4(1 Center for inst. anal., Niigata Univ., 2 Fac. of Sci., Niigata
Univ., 3 JAEA, 4 RIKEN)
Gas phase chemistry has been applied to the chemistry ofsuperheavy elements because it allows separating themcontinuously and rapidly. In order to investigate of thechemical property of Rf, the volatile property of Zr which islighter homologue has been studied in our group. Experimentsof the gas phase chemistry of Zr and Hf were performed at
JAEA and RIKEN. The nuclear reaction products attached tocarbon clusters were introduced into the reaction section kept at

a high temperature. The volatile species produced by reactingwith HCl in the reaction section passed through the isothermalcolumn, and were deposited on the cooling section. After
optimizing the experimental condition, for example the reaction
temperature and the flow rate of HCl, the growth and decay of
the activity of the volatile products was measured. Finally, theisothermal chromatogram for Zr was constructed. The
adsorption temperature of the volatile compound of Zr was
relatively high, and this result was similar to the previous reportof our group.
3P24 Detection for alpha-particles of short-lived franciumwith flow-type liquid-scintillation counter
KOMORI, Y.1, OOE, K.1, YAHAGI, W.1, FUJISAWA, H.1,
TAKAYAMA, L.1, KIKUNAGA, H.1, YOSHIMURA, T.1,
TAKAHASHI, N.1, TAKAHISA, K.2, SHINOHARA, A.1(Grad. School Sci., Osaka Univ.1, RCNP2)
A flow-type liquid-scintillation counter (LSC) was newly
designed for detection of α-particles from heavy elements.
Although a LSC has high detection efficiency but poor energy
resolution, reduction of background is required. A new
method for decreasing β-background based on difference in therange between α and β-particles was developed by using extra
fine Teflon tube. Furthermore, as a test experiments for
detection of short-lived heavy elements, α-particles of 213Fr(T1/2 = 34.6 s) were detected with the flow-type LSC using
extra fine Teflon tube. 213Fr was produced by 209Bi(16O, 4n)reaction using the AVF cyclotron at the Research Center for
Nuclear Physics (RCNP).
The reaction products weretransported to the chemistry laboratory by KCl/He gas-jet andcollected 1 minute on a dissolution apparatus. The collectedisotopes are dissolved with 25 µL of water, mixed with 100 µL
of emulsifying scintillator, flowed into i.d. 0.5 mm Teflon tube.
The α-particles of 213Fr were successfully detected under
reduced background for high energy β-particles.
3P25 Precision measurement of the half-life of Nb-90m
using a gas-jet transport system
Kikunaga, H.,1 Fujisawa, H.,1 Yahagi, W.,1 Shinohara, A.,1
Haba, H.,2 Ezaki, Y.,2 Kasamatsu, Y.,3 Hirose, K.,4 Ohtsuki, T.4(Grad. School Sci., Osaka Univ.,1 RIKEN,2 JAEA,3 LNS,
Tohoku Univ.4)
In order to precisely determine the short half-life of 90mNb,
we have developed a gas-jet transport system on the beam lineof the RIKEN K70 AVF cyclotron. In this study, we
determined the half-life of 90mNb in several of chemical states.
Niobium-90m was produced in the nuclear reaction natZr(p,xn)90mNb. The reaction products recoiling out from the target
were stopped in the helium gas, attached to KCl aerosol
particles, and transported onto a polyester film. They weredissolved in 50 µL of 20 M HF. The solution was placed in apolyethylene tube and subjected to γ-ray spectrometry with a
HP-Ge semiconductor detector. The half-lives of 90mNb were
determined by the reference source method using 137Cs as areference source. To obtain good statistics, the above
procedures were repeated 120 times. As a result, the half-life of
90m
Nb in 20 M HF was found to be 18.97 ± 0.03 s, which isconsistent with the previous value reported by Smend et al. The
other half-lives obtained will be reported at the presentation.
3P26 Studies of extraction behavior of tungsten forchemical studies of seaborgium (element 106)
OOE, K.,1 YAHAGI, W.,1 KOMORI, Y.,1 FUJISAWA, H.,1KIKUNAGA, H.,1 YOSHIMURA, T.,1 SATO, W.,1
TAKAHASHI, N.,1 TAKAHISA, K.,2 HABA, H.,3 KUDOU,
Y.,3 EZAKI, Y.,3 SHINOHARA, A.1(Osaka Univ.,1 RCNP,2 RIKEN3)
The extraction behavior of tungsten (W) under extremely
low concentration was investigated for the chemical studies of
seaborgium (element 106). Tungsten isotopes, 173W (T1/2 =7.6 min) and 174W (T1/2 = 31 min) were produced in thenatnatDy(16O,xn)174W
andGd(22Ne,xn)173W
reactions,
respectively, using RCNP and RIKEN AVF cyclotrons.
Reaction products recoiling out of the target were transported
to a chemistry laboratory by a He/KCl gas-jet transport system.
Transported products were dissolved in 200 µL of hydrochloric
acid. Equal volume of 0.05 M tetraphenylarsonium
chloride-chloroform or 0.05 M Aliquat 336-chloroform
solution was mixed with aqueous solution and the mixture wasshaken for 3 min. The distribution ratio was obtained from theradioactivities of these two phases measured by γ-ray
spectrometry. The distribution ratio was very low (< 10-2) at
0.1-4 M hydrochloric acid and rised steeply at 4-8 Mhydrochloric acid, indicating the formation of chloride
complexes of W.
3P27 Influence of chrome on the formation of β-FeOOH
in aqueous solution analyzed by Moessbauer spectroscopy
Kato, K.,1 Shozugawa, K.,2 Matsuo, M.2(1Graduate School of Science, The University of Tokyo,
2
Graduate School of Arts and Sciences, The University ofTokyo)
Ferric oxyhydroxides (FeOOH) are main components ofcorrosion products of iron. Among the ferric oxyhydroxides
β-FeOOH, which contains chloride ions in its structure, isconsidered to be formed in the coastal area. Although Cr is
often added to steel in order to protect corrosion, influence of
Cr on the formation of β-FeOOH is not well understood.
We have synthesized β-FeOOH from 0.1M FeCl3 solution
with Cr3+ by hydrolysis and analyzed it by Moessbauer
spectroscopy and X-ray absorption fine structure (XAFS). As aresult, three different Fe 3+ sites were found in 57Fe Moessbauer
spectrum at 78K. Quadrupole splitting of the three Fe3+components showed little changes. It implies that the symmetryof β-FeOOH was kept in spite of the addition of Cr. Moreover,radial structural functions (RSFs) of extended X-ray absorption
fine structure (EXAFS) spectra on the Fe K-edge revealed thatthe length of Fe-O and Fe-Fe bond were not affected by theaddition of Cr. These results showed that the fundamental
structures of FeO6 octahedral unit in β-FeOOH were notchanged by the addition of Cr.
3P28 Spin States of Assembled Iron Complexes and Their
Mixed Crystals
DOTE, H.1, ATSUCHI, M.2, INOUE, K.2, NAKASHIMA, S.3(Fac. Sci., Hiroshima Univ.1 Grad. School Sci., Hiroshima
Univ.2 N-BARD, Hiroshima Univ. 3)
We have studied spin-crossover behavior of assembled
complexes. In particular, Fe (NCX)2(bpp)2 (X=S, Se, BH3;
bpp=1,3-bis(4-pyridyl)propane) has very rare structure which is
2Dinterpenetrated,andFe(NCBH3)2(bpp)2
shows
spin-crossover behavior. In the present study, we performed
mixed metals experiment to identify the character of assembled
complexes. In a general way mixed metals experiment reduces
Fe-Fe interaction but now, we pick on the difference of radius
of ion, and we started mixed metals experiment of complex

Fe(NCX)2(bpp)2 with zinc or cobalt. (Ion radius of bivalenthigh-spin iron is 92pm, low-spin is 75pm, bivalent zinc is
86pm, bivalent high-spin cobalt is 88.5pm, low-spin is 79pm.)
We receive structure of complex Fe0.5Zn0.5(NCS)2(bpp)2 isequal to that of Fe (NCS)2(bpp)2 by powder X-ray
crystallography. In M ssbauer spectrum of mixed crystal, two
independent doublets ascribed to Fe(II) HS state are observed,
so that two iron sites are displaced unselectively. The rate ofFe(II) LS of Fe0.5Co0.5(NCSe)2(bpp)2 is larger than that of Fe(NCSe)2(bpp)2. Co is smaller than Fe, so Fe tries to become
small (chemical pressure effect). A fastener effect of long alkyl
chain is usually seen, but chemical pressure of mixed crystals israre. This effect is observed in NCSe complex, but not in NCS
complex. This is derivable from nature of Se which is softer
than S.
3P29 Construction and functional expression of iron(II)spin-crossover metallomesogen
KOJIMA, Y.1, INOUE, K.1, 2, HAYAMI, S.1(Grad. School Sci., Hiroshima Univ.1, IAMR, Hiroshima
Univ.2)
Metallomesogen consists of transition-metal complex andlong alkyl chains. Transition-metal complexes with the
dynamic electronic states express the functionality by the spinstate change. So the complexes with long alkyl chains haveboth the functionality by the spin state and liquid crystallinity.
This time, we attempted the construction of metallomesogen
with switching function by introducing long alkyl chains to thespin-crossover complex.
We synthesized the metallomesogen, [Fe(3Cn-bzimpy)2](BF4)2(n=8~22) newly. [Fe(3C16-bzimpy)2](BF4)2 showed thetransition from solid to B2 mesophase at 331K, the transition
from B2 mesophase to SmA mesophase at 447K and thetransition from SmA mesophase to liquid at 466K. And therelative permittivity of this compound rose at liquid crystal
transition temperature, and in P-E measurement, the compoundshowed hysteresis behavior in B2 mesophase, thus showed
ferroelectricity. In magnetic measurement, the compoundshows spin-crossover phenomenon at liquid crystal transition
temperature. In single-crystal X-ray structure analysis, it was
found that six long alkyl chains of the compound were divided
into two and four. We succeeded in the creation of ferroelectricliquid crystal in the molecular without chiral source and bent
structure.
3P30 Redox control of technetium cluster by the facecapping ligand
MATSUDA, A.,1 YOSHIMURA, T.,1 TAKAYAMA, T.,2
SEKINE, T.,3 SHINOHARA, A.1(Grad. School Sci., Osaka Univ.,1 Daido Inst. of Tech.,2 CAHE,
Tohoku Univ.3)
Octahedral hexanuclear cluster complexes have interesting
optical and redox properties. In this study, redox properties of
two new hexatechnetium complexes with mixed sulfide andbromide as the capping ligand [Tc6(µ3-S7Br)Br6]3-(1) and[Tc6(µ3-S6Br2)Br6]2-(2) are reported.
The complexes 1 and 2 were prepared by the hightemperature reaction of technetium, sulfur, bromine andpotassium bromide. These complexes were separated bycolumn chromatography. The structures were determined bysingle crystal X-ray analysis. The Tc6 octahedral cores are
surrounded by two ligands, sulfide and bromide. Both of thecomplexes 1 and 2 have six bromides as terminal ligand.

The respective redox potentials of the 1 and 2 was measured
by cyclic voltammetry in (Bu4N)PF6-CH3CN. The reducation
potential assignable to Tc5Tc(25e)/ Tc6(24e) process areobserved at –1.0 V (1) and
0.32 V (2), respectively. The
oxidation potentials assignable to Tc6(24e)/ Tc5Tc (23e)process are not observed both for 1 and 2. The reducation
potential of 2 shifts 680 mV more positive than that of 1. The
hexatechnetium complexes become easier to reduce withincreasing the number of capping bromide.
3P31 Electronic phase separation as a root of colossal
magnetoresistanceNémeth, Z.1.3, Homonnay, Z.1, Vértes, A.1,2, Nomura, K.3(1 Eötvös Loránd Univ., 2 Hung. Acad. of Sci. Chem. Res.
Centr., 3Univ. of Tokyo)
Modern data storage systems are dominantly based on therecording and reading of the magnetization of small magnetic
domains. In order to convert the magnetic signal into electronic
pulse, magnetoresistive (MR) materials are essential. The moresensitive the magnetoresistive material is, the higher the densityof stored data and the faster the writing/reading process can be.
In the previous decade, a new class of magnetoresistive
materials were also discovered which show significantly higher
MR around their magnetic ordering temperature. The
advantage is a bulk property of several types of compounds thatis so called colossal magnetoresistance (CMR) .
Typical examples for CMR materials are the doped cobaltate
perovskites, cation disordered double perovskites, or
chalcogenide spinels. The most intriguing fact is that thesematerials differ in composition, crystal structure, andmagnetism each other; still they all show the colossal
magnetoresistance.
In order to elucidate the source of CMR effect, and so to beable to improve magnetoresistive sensitivity, finding a common
feature of CMR materials is essential. In this review we present
our recent studies of the local and bulk electronic/magnetic
properties of several CMR materials. Investigating the effect ofsmall modulations (doping with ions, increasing cation
disorder), we were able to determine that the common point in
the aforementioned CMR materials is a nanoscale electronic
phase separation, which seems to be responsible for theobserved magnetoresistance.