Developing Grid-based Spatial Indicators for
The Territorial Monitoring
Myung-Hwa Hwang1, Mun-Su Shin1†, Bo-Kyeong Lee1
KRIHS

1 Korea Research Institute for Human Settlements, † Presenter

14 November 2018

Contents
Ⅰ. Overview of National Territorial Monitoring Indicators

Ⅱ. Development of Grid-based Accessibility Index
Ⅲ. Simple Application for Decision-making
IV. Discussion

I.

Overview ofNational Territorial Monitoring Indicators

The Framework Act
On The National Land

PolicyGoals

Performance/Outcomes
Indicators

Balanced
Development

CompetitiveNational Land

Environmentoriented
Management

Improvement ofQuality of Life• Depopulation• Small or mediumcities• Access to living
infrastructures• Regional gaps
• …

• SOC supply• Deterioration ofSOC• Land productivity• Use of unusedland• Smart cities• …

• Pollution levels• Use of green
transportationinfra• Mixed use of land
• Safety of nationalland• …

• Accessibility toliving infra• Enjoyment ofcultural activities• Barrier-freelanduse• Safety of daily lives• …

StatusIndicators

4 Aggregation to Grid After Address-based Geocoding
Population Registry System
Birth Year
SexAddress속성 오류불완전성
시차 …

Population Registry
Record + Location

Min. of The Interior & Safety, (MOIS)
Population Registry Information System

Building Address &Centroid

Address-based
GeocodingUp-to-date
Building
MOIS,Address &Road Name
Address Info Sys Geometry

Building Registry
Record + Location

Building Registry System
Parcel CodeBldg Name
Permit Date…
MOLIT
Address
Architecture Info Sys

Birth year, sex, address, X, Y…

Address-based
Geocoding

5Parcel code, bldg name, …,address, X,Y…

Grid-based
Indicators

Underpopulated Areas

Ratio of Old Bldgs

6Ⅱ. Development of Grid-based Accessibility Index 10 kinds of living facilities- There are 10 kinds of living facilities for which we created an indicator- Nursery facilities, transportation facilities, welfare facilities, libraries, sports facilities, culturalfacilities, parks, three kinds of medical facilities

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① Living facilities should be
geographically accessible byeveryone in the territory.
- Everyone should able to use the living
facilities without geographical boundaries.
- It is necessary to find areas wherepeople suffer from a lack of living facilities.

②It is necessary to measure current
status of accessibility to livingfacilities.
- The accessibility index was based on theshortest distance on the Korean roadnetwork.

9 Three types of data
- three types of data needed to analyze grid-based accessibility- First, Road network* Highway, Urban Expressway, National road, Provincial road, etc.
- Second, Facility Locations (Point)* Nursery facilities, Cultural facilities, Transportation facilities, and Welfare facilities, Park, etc.
- Third, Grid data
* Standardized grid provided by the Korea National Geographic Information Institute Tools for analysis- Analysis : Post GIS & Python- Mapping : ArcGIS & QGIS

10 What is Node?
- Points where traffic flow changes, such as intersections, forks, and tunnel entrances- The end of the line
Problems of raw data

NodeLinkHandwork
11 The Nearest point- From here, find the nearest facilities

Node
Link
Facilities
GridCentroid12 The Nearest point- Locate the nearest node from a grid centroid

Node
Link
Facilities
Grid
Centroid13 The Nearest point- Locate the nearest node from the facility

Node
Link
Facilities
GridCentroid14 Measure A + B + C
A : Distance from the grid center point to the nearest node.
B : Distance from the facility to the nearest node.
C : The shortest distance on the link between two nodes.

BNodeCALinkFacilities
GridCentroid

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Ⅲ. Simple Application for Decision-making

 Production of accessibility indices for 10 living facilities on 500m grid
- We analyzed the accessibility indices through the method described above- The darker red areas have the better accessibility to the target facilities.

Accessibility

All nation

Without
uninhabited
area

Minimum
value

16.9m

16.9m

Maximumvalue

31.0km26.3kmAverage

5.2km

3.6km

StandardDeviation

3.89km2.34km<Average>(Administrative unit)

Accessibility to nursery facilities<Standard Deviation>(Administrative unit)17 When Compared to other indicators such as population, the accessibility
index provides more information
Ratio of infant population (0~5yeas old)by distance (%)

Less then 500m

81.1

1km

94.9

2.5km

98.2

Over 2.5km

1.8



18

98.2 % of infants lived
within 2.5km ofnursery facilities.
1.8% of infants turned
out to have difficulties
with accessing
nursery facilities

IV. Discussion

 We do not go from node to node
- The algorithm by which the node is created is not clear- In reality, we start from the nearest road, not from the node Speed related issues- Road links analyzed here have lengths but no information of speed limits andother transportation regulations- When calculating accessibility, we thus calculated only physical distances on
the road network and could not consider travel times in a realty

What about the accessibility analysis in Japan?
If you have a good idea about the issues, please share it!
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Thank You!
KRIHS (http://eng.krihs.re.kr/)
Mun-Su Shin (msshin@krihs.re.kr)