The 8th International Forum on Waterfront and Watershed Restoration(2011/11/11)

8th International Forum on Waterfront and Watershed Restoration
11th-12th November 2011

Prof Dr Aizhong Ding
ading@bnu.edu.cn
College of Water Sciences, Beijing Normal University

STUDY AREA

Xianyang
Xi’an

Feng River

Qinling Mountain

Asian River Restoration Network (ARRN)

http://www.a-rr.net/

The 8th International Forum on Waterfront and Watershed Restoration(2011/11/11)

Characteristics of Feng river basin

Xianyang

Xi’an

Feng River Restoration Project• River Problem Identification▫ River health evaluation▫ Ammonia source tracing▫ Sediment investigation▫ Impact of human activities on river• Pollution Control Technology Development▫ Rural wastewater treatment▫ Community wastewater treatment▫ Solid waste reuse• River Restoration Engineering▫ Ecological engineering▫ Planning and design

Asian River Restoration Network (ARRN)

http://www.a-rr.net/

The 8th International Forum on Waterfront and Watershed Restoration(2011/11/11)

River Problem Identification

BOD5 variations at the monitoring stations from 1986-2009

沣河口BOD（mg/lBOD（mg/l沣峪
2

65432
10

1.5
10.501986 1990 1995 2000 2005 20091986 1990 1995 2000 2005 2009

严家渠三里桥

40BOD（mg/l

BOD（mg/l50302010060504030201001986 1990 1995 2000 2005 20091986 1990 1995 2000 2005 2009

River Problem Identification

NH3-N variations at the monitoring stations from 1986-2009严家渠氨氮（mg/l氨氮（mg/l1.5
10.5
00.6
0.5
0.4
0.3
0.2
0.10

1986 1990 1995 2000 2005 20091986 1990 1995 2000 2005 2009

三里桥

沣峪
1.5
氨氮（mg/l氨氮（mg/l0.80.60.4
0.20

10.501986 1990 1995 2000 2005 2009

Asian River Restoration Network (ARRN)

沣河口1986 1990 1995 2000 2005 2009http://www.a-rr.net/

The 8th International Forum on Waterfront and Watershed Restoration(2011/11/11)

River Problem Identification

NH3-N source tracingo Untreated municipal wastewater NH3-N
δ15N~14.5‰
o Treated industrial wastewater NH3-N
δ15N~3.0‰
o NO3-N δ15N from municipal and agricultural >industrial sourceo NH3-N: 20% from agricultural source

River Problem Identification

Runoff depth (mm)Sediment load (t/ha)

Nitrate load (kg/ha)

P load (kg/ha)

Asian River Restoration Network (ARRN)

Ammonia load (kg/ha)

dissolved P load (kg/ha)
http://www.a-rr.net/

The 8th International Forum on Waterfront and Watershed Restoration(2011/11/11)

River Problem IdentificationNH3-N in wastewater (point source)

20%

57%

4%

tourism

university
campusindustry

0.94mt0.98mt2.77mt19%municipal

River Problem Identification

Cu

8月
6月

402520
15
10
5030
25
20
15
10

5-1 5-2

7

8

9

10

11

12

13

14

15

As

5-1 5-2

78

9

6
4
20
9

10

11

10

11

12

13

14

15

16

3

5-1 5-2

7

8

9

12

13

141516

采样断面

Asian River Restoration Network (ARRN)

101112

13

1415

16

采样断面

Cd2

重 金 属 含 量 (mg/kg)

88

40

8月
6月

1.8
1.6
1.460.00

Fe8月
6月

50.00
重 金 属 含 量 (g/kg)

8月
6月

10760

采样断面

125-1 5-2

80

03

采样断面

3100

20016Cr

8月
6月

120

53

重 金 属 含 量 (mg/kg)

140Pb

8月
6月

35

重 金 属 含 量 (mg/kg)

45403530

重 金 属 含 量 (mg/kg)

重 金 属 含 量 (mg/kg)

Heavy metals in sediment

40.00

1.2
130.00

0.8

20.00

0.6
0.4
0.2

10.00
0.00

0

3
3

5-1 5-2

78

91011

采样断面

1213

14

15

1651

52

78

91011

1213

141516采样断面

http://www.a-rr.net/

The 8th International Forum on Waterfront and Watershed Restoration(2011/11/11)

River Problem Identification

Biological investigation resultsRiver Problem Identification

River health evaluation
1st index

2nd index

1st index

2nd index
NH3-N

velocity
HYDROLOGY

BOD5

WATER
QUALITY

flow

TPstabilityRiver bank

COD

vegetation

community

sediment
HABITATRiver bedmorphology

channelization

integrity

BIOLOGY

sinuosity

sensitivity

connectivity

diatomCategory

5432

1

Score

0≤S<0.8

0.8≤S<1.6

1.6≤S<2.4

2.4≤S<3.2

3.2≤S≤4

Asian River Restoration Network (ARRN)

http://www.a-rr.net/

The 8th International Forum on Waterfront and Watershed Restoration(2011/11/11)

River Problem Identification

wet season
normal flow
dry season

headwater

fengyukoqinduzhen

upstreamyanjiaqusanliqiao

downstream

River Problem Identification

Land use change (1988-2010)

Asian River Restoration Network (ARRN)

http://www.a-rr.net/

The 8th International Forum on Waterfront and Watershed Restoration(2011/11/11)

Pollution Control Technology Development

Rural Wastewater Treatment:
Enhanced pretreatment + constructed wetland

Pollution Control Technology Development

University Campus Wastewater Treatment:
CASS + Reuse

Asian River Restoration Network (ARRN)

http://www.a-rr.net/

The 8th International Forum on Waterfront and Watershed Restoration(2011/11/11)

Pollution Control Technology Development

kitchen paper woods

fiberplastic metalglassstonesoilothers

Pollution Control Technology Development

OFeC

Au
EDX

Fe

Kitchen wastes can be reused as adsorbing material for
wastewater treatment

Asian River Restoration Network (ARRN)

http://www.a-rr.net/

The 8th International Forum on Waterfront and Watershed Restoration(2011/11/11)

Pollution Control Technology Development

Buffer zone for diffuse pollution control

1#

蓄水池

2#

放水闸

4#

3#

5#

River Restoration Engineering

Catchment model application

50000
T P (k g )40000
30000实测值20000

模拟值

10000

200
2 0 2/ 1/0 1
2 0 2/ 3/0 1
2 0 2/ 5/0 1
2 0 2/ 7/0 1
2 0 2/ 9
0 2 /12 0 / 11 /0 1
2 0 3/ 1/03 1
2 0 / 3/0 1
2 0 3/ 5/0 1
2 0 3/ 7/
03 1
2 0 /90 3 /12 0 / 11 /0 1
2 0 4/ 1/0 1
2 0 4/ 3/0 1
2 0 4/ 5/0 1
2 0 4/ 7/0 1
2 0 4/ 9
0 4 /1/ 11/10Asian River Restoration Network (ARRN)

http://www.a-rr.net/

The 8th International Forum on Waterfront and Watershed Restoration(2011/11/11)

industrial pollutant reduction
by 40%

4industrial pollutant reduction
by 60%

USLE_PBMPs

chemical fertilizer reduction
by 50%BMPs

Effectiveness of buffer zone

Ecological engineering

Constructed wetland

Asian River Restoration Network (ARRN)

Ecological engineering

径 流 量 （ m 3 /s ）252004

2005

2006

2007

0

径流量

5

情景1
情景2

30
102520151520

10250
2003

2004

2005

2006

2007

情景3
情景4
情景5
情景6
情景7
情景830
2002

情景5
情景6

情景9年份

35

情景3
情景4

情景7
情景830
2003

56920

1040

University campus pollution
control measures

815152002

municipal pollutant reduction
by 50%

72005情景1
情景210255Industrial pollution control
policy径流量

5径 流 量 （ m 3 /s ）

3030

情景9年份

700

径流量

60

5情景1
情景2501040
15302020
1025030
2002

2003

2004

2005

2006

2007

年份

径 流 量 （ m3/s ）2industrial pollutant reduction
by 20%

Current situation on pollutioncontrol

35TN 削 减 率 （ % ）point source reduction 40% in
2001-2004，2005-2006
constant

40description

TP削 减 率 （ % ）1settings

N H 3 -N 削 减 率 （ % ）scenario

情景3
情景4
情景5情景6
情景7
情景8
情景9

http://www.a-rr.net/

The 8th International Forum on Waterfront and Watershed Restoration(2011/11/11)

Yongding River Catchment

Yellow River Catchment

National scale

Thank you for your attention!

Asian River Restoration Network (ARRN)

http://www.a-rr.net/