Kansai Electric Power’s Global Environmental Action Report 2002

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This report is available on the Internet.(http://www.kepco.co.jp/e/action_e/ac_e.htm)
Please send any inquiry regarding this report to Environmental Management Group, Environmental Considerations Department.

THE KANSAI ELECTRIC POWER CO., INC.
Environmental Management Group, Environmental Considerations Department.
3-22, Nakanoshima 3-chome, Kita-ku, Osaka 530-8270, Japan Phone: 06-7501-0136

The logo featured above is the symbol for
Kansai Electric’s “Environment Month” (June).
It evokes an image of the earth’s beauty andcalls upon us to preserve it.

The Kansai Electric Power Co., Inc.

Taking our resources into consideration, the following ink and paper was used to publish this report.

Kansai Electric Power’s

Global Environmental Action Report 2002
A Well-Balanced Environmental Today and Tomorrow

■Service areas of Japan’s ten electric power companies

Okinawa
Hokkaido

TohokuHokuriku■System Map (As of March 31, 2002)
Otozawa

ChugokuKansaiKurobegawa No.4

JohanaKyushuShimokotori
Tokyo

MiboroChubu

MihamaShikoku

ReinanTakahama
Ohi

MaizuruSeki
Shin-Ayabe

Maruyama

Okutataragi
Okutataragi

Okawachi

Keihoku

Higashi-omi
Nose Nishi-Kyoto
Inagawa
Kisenyama
Yodogawa
KitaHokusetsu
Minami-Kyoto
Osaka

Yamazaki

SeibanAioi
Himeji No.2
Himeji No.1
Ako

Shin-ikoma
Nanko

LegendSakaikoHigashi-Yamato

ShinkiHydropower station
Thermal power station (including under construction)

Tanagawa No.2
SeidanKinokawa
KainanNuclear power station
Substation
Switching Station
Converter Station

Okuyoshino

Kihoku
t
ren
Gobo
cur
t
c
ire neV D n li
50k sio Gobo
±2 nsmistra

500 kV transmission line
275-187 kV transmission line
Tie point with other power companies
Kansai Electric's service area

■Outline of Japan’s ten major power companies (as of March 31, 2002)
Capital

Number ofcustomers(billions of yen) (thousands)

Maximum
power
demand(MW)

Annualpower sales

Annual revenue
from power Number ofsales
employees

System capacity (MW)Hydro

FossilNuclear

Total(millions of kWh) (billions of yen)

Hokkaido Electric Power Co.

114

3,791

5,297

28,848

515

6,275

1,245

3,500

1,158

5,903

Tohoku Electric Power Co.

251

7,567

14,12572,5001,289

13,245

2,452

11,451

2,174

16,077

Tokyo Electric Power Co.

676

26,99164,300275,540

4,988

40,7258,519

34,54817,30860,375

Chubu Electric Power Co.

374

10,10627,500120,858

2,117

18,312

5,213

23,401

3,617

32,231

Hokuriku Electric Power Co.

117

1,973

5,508

24,986

404

5,439

1,812

4,406

540

6,758

Kansai Electric Power Co.

489

12,88933,060139,779

2,471

25,5678,130

17,687

9,768

35,585

Chugoku Electric Power Co.

185

5,144

12,00253,605893

11,053

2,884

8,015

1,280

12,179

Shikoku Electric Power Co.

145

2,854

5,925

25,768

458

6,629

1,125

3,730

2,022

6,877

Kyushu Electric Power Co.

237

8,130

17,06175,327

1,328

14,191

2,371

11,707

5,258

19,336

Okinawa Electric Power Co.
Total

7

758

1,478

6,889

137

1,550

−

1,676

−

1,676

2,599

80,203

182,378

824,100

14,604141,436

33,752

120,12143,125

196,998

In this 10th year since the Rio Earth Summit of 1992, Japan has

aggressively developed a "New ERA Strategy" offinally begun the real challenge of fulfilling its commitment tocomprehensive measures against global warming. As a result

reducing greenhouse gas emissions by 6% of the 1990 levels,of these efforts, we have the lowest level of unit CO2 emissions

by adopting a new "Prospectus on the Promotion of(per 1 kWh of energy used) amongst Japan's power companies

Countermeasures to Global Warming" in March and ratifying

today.

the Kyoto Protocol in June.
With two oil crises and other trying experiences under its belt,

As for the situation in the electric power industry, the speed ofJapan is well ahead of the world in energy conservation today,

reform has further increased since the partial liberalization of

meaning that the task of attaining the greenhouse reduction

power retailing in March 2000. An onslaught of new players

target set forth in the Kyoto Protocol will be very difficult. To

have filed into the marketplace and competition has escalated

attain the set target, all members of society -- businesses,

between differing forms of energy.

residents and governments - must each recognize the role theyAs the electric power industry enters a period of all-out

play and make a concerted effort to reduce the load they placecompetition, Kansai Electric is providing customers with new

on the environment. Our company, too, must stake an evenlevels of reliability and satisfaction by meeting their diversity ofmore aggressive challenge to resolving environmental

needs not only with electricity but other products and services

problems and continue these efforts so as to produce steadfastof the Kansai Electric Power Group. At the same time, we areresults.

strengthening our profitability and corporate structure in aneffort to build a "strong company" that will survive theKansai Electric has long contributed to the development andcompetition.

prosperity of society by delivering a stable and inexpensive
supply of electricity. Additionally, we have always anticipated

Despite the drastic changes in our business environment, it isthe demands of the times and made the utmost effort tostill our duty as an energy company to protect the

improve issues of public interest on the national level, to note"environment" and deliver a stable supply of "energy". And, letglobal environmental problems and energy security. In

us add to that our own "economic" viability. Simultaneously

particular, with regards to global environmental problems, weachieving these "3 E's" of "environment", "energy" andare safely and stably generating nuclear power and have"economic" viability is the condition placed on our futuresustainable development. Fully conscious of our situation,
Kansai Electric will pursue the "best mix" of these "3 E's",
voluntarily and aggressively address local and global
environmental problems, and develop business activities thatwill help build a recycling-based society, in order to maintainyour trust.
This is the 10th edition of our Global Environmental Action
Report since its launch in 1993. I sincerely appreciate yourunderstanding and support, and promise that we will continue
to constructively provide information in the future in order togain your further understanding. Please read this report and let
us know any ideas or advice you might have.

Yohsaku Fuji
President and Director
The Kansai Electric Power Co., Inc.

1

Contents

Outline of Global Environmental Action Report1

Message from the President

2

Contents, Outline of Global Environmental Action Report4

Overview of Kansai Electric■■ Policy on Environmental Preservation (promotion system)

5

Management Policy

We have continually worked to strengthen our structureof policies with regard to the environment. Beginningwith the adoption of the Five Basic Principles of the
Action Plan for Global Environmental Considerations infiscal 1990, we have since adopted a number of othersuch codes of practice and specific plans of action. In
fiscal 2001 we adopted the Eco Action plan as a concrete
action plan and are continuing to work toward
environmental preservation.
In 1995, in particular, we adopted the New Era Strategy
as a set of measures against global warming, to which
we are taking a comprehensive approach.

(Mid-Term Management Policy - In order that “customers will choose the Kansai Electric brand”)
6

Ⅰ 7
8

Reaching for Higher Targets (Some feature activities from fiscal 2001)

Policy, Targets and Performance in Environmental Protection
Environmental Policy and Actions Plans

10 Outline of Eco Action (Companywide Action Plan)
12 Environmental Load
14 Environmental Accounting■■ Environmental Protection Targets and Performance

Ⅱ 17 Environmental Management
18 Environmental Management System
21 State of Environmental Communication
23 Observance of Environmental Regulations

Ⅲ 25

Response to Global Environmental Problems

26 CO2 Emissions Worldwide and in Japan
26 Measures to Reduce CO2 Emissions in the Electric Power Industry■■ Environmental Management

27 Kansai Electric’s Measures to Prevent Global Warming - New ERA Strategy

The company has always worked to educate its
employees so that we would be able to conform to theIS014001 standard, and we are constantly making every
effort to strengthen our internal system of environmental
management and to be able to conform to the ISO14001
standard based on the concept of TQM (Total Quality
Management). We are also working to communicate
with all our stakeholders through various publications
such as this.

27 Outline of New ERA Strategy
27 CO2 Reduction Target
27 The Effect of CO2 Reduction through the New ERA Strategy
28 Efficiency Efficient Utilization of Energy by Society as a Whole
28 Load Balancing
32 Promoting the Spread of Electric Vehicles (EV)
33 Utilizing Untapped Energy Sources
34 Developing and Popularizing New Energy Sources
36 Reduction Reduction of Greenhouse Gas Emission in Electric Power Supply
36 Promoting Nuclear Power Generation
38 Improving and Maintaining Thermal Efficiency of Thermal Power Stations
39 Using LNG
39 Renovating Hydropower Stations
40 Reducing Transmission and Distribution Losses
41 Technological Development with the Goal of Reducing CO2 Emissions
41 Development of Advanced Technology for Next-Generation Energy Supply
43 Reducing Emissions of Greenhouse Gases other than CO2
44 Activities Abroad Activities Carried out Abroad to Prevent Global Warming
45 Research and Development to Expand Natural Resources
48 Looking to Apply Carbon Dioxide Recovery Technology Abroad
48 Activities and Business Feasibility Studies for the Future of the Kyoto Mechanism
50 Developing International Business that Contributes to the Decrease of Global Warming
51 Group Activities Aimed at Future Overseas Operations
52 International Cooperation
52 Protecting the Ozone Layer
2

The Eco Action plans basically set numerical targets
from the perspective of reducing emission of greenhousegases and effectively utilizing energy. Performance isthen reflected on targets set for ensuing years andactivities are improved accordingly. Kansai Electric also
is working hard to develop and upgrade ourenvironmental accounting as a tool for obtaining the best
quantitative understanding of our overall environmentalload and implementing efficient and effective
environmental measures.

■■ Response to Global Environment Problems
We are promoting our New Era Strategy as acomprehensive set of measures on dealing with global
warming problems. Our operations are centered onelectricity produced by nuclear power. At the same time
as reducing the production of greenhouse gases during
the process of supplying energy, we are also working
toward the more efficient use of energy throughout
society as a whole. Such efforts are being made both athome and abroad.

Ⅳ 53 Response to Local Environmental Problems
54 Response to Local Environmental Problems
55 Air Pollution Prevention Measures
57 Water Pollution Prevention Measures
58 Noise/Vibration Control Measures■■ Response to Local Environment Problems
We are also working toward regional environmental
preservation. While continuing to take measures toprevent air and water pollution, we are also respondingby targeting new problems as they arise such as the
adoption of measures toward chemical substances.

58 Obnoxious fume Prevention Measures
58 Chemical Substances Prevention Measures
60 Harmonizing with the Local Environments

Ⅴ 65 Projects and Activities for a Recycling-Based Society
66 Promotion of Measures Concerned with the Recycle of Resources
71 Promotion of Green Purchasing
72 Energy Conservation and Resource Saving Activities with Office Supplies
73 Measures of Radioactive Waste Treatment

Ⅵ 77 Our Relationship with Society
78 Exchange and Cooperation with External Bodies toward Environmental Conservation
78 Spreading Awareness on Saving Energy
79 Everyone’s Eco-Friendly Campaign
79 100,000 People’s Eco-Family Campaign
80 Cooperation with the Local Community
82 Community Relations Facilities
84 Activities to Benefit Local Society
84 Support and take part in Local Events
84 Welfare for the Elderly
84 Welfare for the Physically Challenged■■ Projects and Activities for a Recycling-Based Society
Kansai Electric is aggressively promoting the 3 R’s
initiative and green purchasing in all areas of operation.
We are also searching for the best waste handling andtreatment solutions from waste generation to final
disposal. Recycle rate for fiscal 2001 is a high 87%.

■■ Our Relationship with Society
We are working toward preservation of the environment
through exchange and coordination with the people ofeach area and various organizations. Our aim is to ‘Live
In Harmony with Local Society’. Therefore, apart fromconsiderations of environmental preservation, we arealso concerned with the revitalization of regional areas
themselves, care for the aged and work with thephysically challenged.
We are also working to create a work environment inwhich each and every employee will be keen on theirwork and where they will spontaneously feel the desire
to make a contribution to society.

85 Support for Arts, Culture and Sports
85 Fostering Health in the Young
85 Support for Volunteer Activities by our Staff
86 Safety and Sanitation Activities
86 Aiming to Create a Workplace with Safety and Health in Mind
86 Management of Safety
86 Management of Sanitation

Ⅶ 87 Activities of the Kansai Electric Group88 2010 Group Vision - General Consumer Infrastructure Industry
88 Group-wide Activities

Ⅷ 91 Reference Information

100 Index
102 Independent Opinion on Environmental Report
103 Please give us your thoughts and impressions■■ Activities of Kansai Electric Group
Here, at the Kansai Electric Group, we host conferences
aimed at enabling various people to share information.
These people have been selected from the various
companies within the group to sit on the promotion staffof the Related Company for Global Environmental Project.
We publish and offer material on what various
companies within the group are doing with regard to
eco-business in our Eco-Business News. In this andother ways, we are promoting and supporting work
toward environmental preservation throughout the entire
group.
Environmental protection is an important business topic
of the Kansai Electric Group and we are developing
activities for that as a group.

3

■Company Name:

The Kansai Electric Power Company, Incorporated■Headquarters:

3-3-22 Nakanoshima, Kita-ku, Osaka, 530-8270

Japan has ten major private electric utility companies
which operate independently. Each company produces
and distributes electricity to a specific geographicalregion of Japan. Kansai Electric’s service area is locatedin the central part of the main island Honshu and covers
28,700 km2 (8% of Japan’s total land area). This region,
generally known as Kansai, includes Osaka, Kyoto, andKobe and has a population of 21 million, accounting for
16% of the nation’s total.
Since its establishment, Kansai Electric has emphasized
the development of power sources to meet electricity
demand, which has increased with the growth of theJapanese economy. As of March 31, 2002, the company’s
capacity for hydroelectric power is 8,130 MW, thermal
power 17,687 MW, and nuclear power 9,768 MW, making
the total capacity 35,585 MW, which is 16 times larger
than the initial figure of 2,284 MW in May 1951, when we
began operation. Electricity sold in fiscal 2001 amounted
to 139,779 million kWh, accounting for 17% of the total
power sold in Japan, or the second largest amount inJapan, following the Tokyo Electric Power Co., Inc.

TEL: 06-6441-8821
http://www.kepco.co.jp/■Date of establishment:

May 1, 1951

■Capital:

489,320 million of yen (As of March 31, 2002)■Chairman of
the Board of Directors:

Yoshihisa Akiyama

President and Director:

Yohsaku Fuji

■Business:

Electric power industry■Kansai Electric's Service Area: Osaka Prefecture, Kyoto Prefecture, Hyogo
Prefecture (excluded in Fukuura, Akou City), Nara
Prefecture, Shiga Prefecture, Wakayama
Prefecture, Mie Prefecture and portions of Gifu
Prefecture and Fukui Prefecture■Number of employees ■Annual Power sales(As of end of Fiscal Year)(Fiscal Year)1999

26,248

1999

140,403

2000

25,988

2000

142,852

25,567

2001

139,7790

100,000

2001
0

10,000 20,000 30,000

200,000(Number of people)(Millions of kWh)

■Sales figures■Current profit■Current term net profit ■Gross asset(Fiscal Year)(Fiscal Year)(Fiscal Year)(Fiscal Year)

1999 436

1999

71,668

2000

72,125

1999

25,172

1999

2000

25,814

2000

25,178

2001

2001
0

10,000 20,000 30,000

1,694

2000

1,807
1,635
1,000

0

(100 millions of yen)

954

2001

1,370

0

1,000

2,000

(100 millions of yen)

2001
0

2,000

(100 millions of yen)

70,43450,000100,000(100 millions of yen)

■System capacity(As of end of Fiscal Year)

1999
2000
2001

Thermal power
19,921

Nuclear power
9,768

Hydroelectric power
8,107

（53％）

（26％）

（21％）

37,796

19,561

9,768

8,129

37,458

（26％）

（52％）

10,000

（23％）

（27％）

（50％）

0

（22％）

8,130

9,768

17,68720,00030,00035,58540,000(MW)■Generated Power Supply*(Fiscal Year)

1999
2000
2001
0

Nuclear power
70,388
（46％）

（29％）

Hydroelectric
power
Purchased power
13,880 24,138
153,712（9％） （16％）

Thermal power
45,30670,03641,141

14,42630,215

（45％）

（27％）

（9％）

（19％）

72,31936,167

13,74530,223

（24％）

（9％）

（20％）

（47％）

50,000100,000

150,000*Generated Power Supply contains power supplied to Kansai
Electric by other companies in order to make it easier tounderstand the amount of power delivered to customers, fromgeneration to supply. (See pg. 12.) In each of the listed years,
nuclear power has accounted for more than 50% of all selfgenerated power at Kansai Electric (total of nuclear, thermaland hydroelectric power excluding purchased power).

155,818
152,454200,000(million kWh)

4

Mid-Term Management Policy - In order that “customers will choose the Kansai Electric brand”
In order to adapt to the circumstances following the start of partial liberalization in the power retailing market, Kansai Electric adopted a Mid-Term
Management Policy in April 2000 that will guide the company over the ensuring five years. In line with this Mid-Term Management Policy, Kansai
Electric will continue to innovate business on our existing know-how, technology and human resource foundations and seek new ways to grow in the
21st century, in order that “customers will choose the Kansai Electric brand”.

Our Underlying
Principle ofBusiness

Business at Kansai Electric is strongly rooted in the principles of coexistence and co-prosperity. This is why
we have always sought to increase our value as a company on a base of customer trust and satisfaction.
Those ideals hold as true as ever as we plot a path of future growth and development. Accordingly, in this ageof heightened competition in the energy market, we will continue to stand by our belief that “the customer
comes first” and strengthen our commitment to the customer by injecting “competitiveness” into all
operations.
In the half a century since our founding, Kansai Electric has contributed to the prosperity of society byproviding a stable supply of high quality energy. We have also addressed issues of national interest, to noteenergy security and global environmental problems, with an energy mix of half nuclear power generation.
Now, within a framework of partial liberalization, we will continue our response to these issues, while working
harder to build a business based on fairness and transparency. We want to grow as a company that customers
and investors can trust and will choose.

Important Areasof Action
1

Strengthening products
and services

2
Increasing sales strength3(1) Increase efforts to raise the level of customer service.
(2) Build and develop a product menu to meet diversified needs of customers.
(3) Develop competitive electric equipment.
(4) Promote efforts to deliver a stable supply of good electricity to customers.
(5) Promote business activities of low environmental load.
(6) Quickly adapt to technological innovation such as decentralized power sources.
(7) Strengthen brand strategy.

(1) Ensure the safety of nuclear power.
(2) Gain greater understanding of nuclear
power generation.
(3) Establish a nuclear fuel cycle.
(4) Secure locations for new power plants.

Strengthening costcompetitiveness

4

5

Dealing firmly with issues ofpublic interest, particularly
those related to nuclear energy(i.e., global environmental problems,
energy security, etc.)

Strengthening of overall
power as a group

Business Restructuring and Personnel Development for Policy Promotion
1 Promote business restructuring through IT use.
2 Promote autonomy in business management.
3 Develop personnel to think and act voluntarily and responsibly.
4 Create a lively work environment.

5Since 2000, Kansai Electric has been strengthening company environmental protection activities through a new environmental-specific action plan -- Eco
Action. Eco Action is based on the Five Basic Principles of the Action Plan for Global Environmental Considerations that outlines our environmental policy
and the Global Environmental Action Plan that lays out our plan of action.
Under Eco Action 2001, we voluntarily and aggressively developed activities in all areas of the company and resultantly attained the targets we had set forourselves at the beginning of the year.
Here below are some feature activities from fiscal 2001.

Feature Activities from Fiscal 2001
1. ISO14001 acquisitionpg. 19Our efforts to improve our environmental management systems were
objectively evaluated, resulting in ISO14001 external certification for
the Sakaiko power station and 5 other plants.

2. Improved environmental accounting

pg. 14

Performance in fiscal 2001 was tabulated based on the 2000
Environmental Report Guidelines of the Ministry of the Environment
and, for the first time, environmental efficiency was assessed from therelationship of environmental performance and financial performance.

3. Reduced CO2 emissions

pg. 27

As a result of our New Era Strategy * with its core of nuclear power
promotion, source CO2 emissions per power consumption (sold) were0.26 kg-CO2/kWh, the lowest of Japan's power companies.

5. New overseas undertakings to prevent global warming

pg. 48〜As early projects for the future Kyoto Mechanism *, Kansai Electric
newly took part in an efficiency improvement project for the
Garbadani Power Plant in Georgia ("basic studies for joint project
implementation" sponsored by the New Energy and Industrial
Technology Development Organization [NEDO]) and a rehabilitation
project for the Binga Hydropower Plant in the Philippines ("studies ofglobal environment and plant rehabilitation project" sponsored by theJapan External Trade Organization [JETRO]).
Also, on consignment from the overseas consortium CCP (CO2
Capture Project), Kansai Electric started research at our Nanko
power station into higher efficiency oil extraction by CO2 pumping(into oil fields), using decarborization technology jointly developedwith Mitsubishi Heavy Industries.
Furthermore, we signed the "Institutional Transfer and TechnicalConsulting services for Hydropower Development Project" agreementwith Myanmar Electric Power Enterprise, as hydro power is being
developed to help in the prevention of global warming.

*For "the Kyoto Mechanism" see pg. 94*For more information on our New Era Strategy, see pg. 27.

6. Recycle promotion
4. Support for the Kansai Green Power Fund pg. 35
Kansai Electric constructively supported the Kansai Green Power Fundthat aims to promote the spread of wind and solar power generation,with aid for the 4,500 kW Taikoyama wind power farm in Kyoto
Prefecture and 5 solar power plants for a total capacity of 100 kW.

To help promote the evolution of a recycling-based society, Kansai
Electric formed a Recycle Activity Promotion Committee that isworking to purchase green products and promote a "3 R's" -- reduce,reuse and recycle -- waste initiative by setting cross-company targets
for office supplies, etc.

Our business environment has become even harsher with market liberalization and other advents,
yet, without giving into circumstances, we will continue to set higher targets for ourselves andimprove our activities, in order to maintain the trust of our customers.

Kazuo Sato
Vice President andChairman of the Nuclear Power andGlobal Environment Committee

6

pg. 66〜

Ⅰ
Policy, Targets and Performance inEnvironmental Protection
Kansai Electric continues to improve company
environmental protection activities through voluntarytargets and self-restraint, based on the Five Basic Principlesof the Action Plan for Global Environmental Considerations.

Chapter 1 Contents

8

Environmental Policy and Actions Plans

10 Outline of Eco Action (Companywide Action Plan)
12 Environmental Load
14 Environmental Accounting
16 Eco-efficiency Assessment

7

Policy, Targets and Performance in Environmental Protection
Environmental Policy and Actions Plans

Environmental Policy and Action Plans

Kansaifundamental

environmental problems are presenting a new

Realizing that it has an important responsibility

management policy has always been toElectric's

mostchallenge to modern civilization. To effectively

as an electric utility and energy supplier, Kansai

contribute to the development and prosperity ofaddress them will require integrated

Electric is strongly committed to supporting

the local communities.

international effort.

global environmental preservation while

As part of this commitment, we have undertaken

Not only technological measures, but changes

working to make people's lives morea range of measures to address environmental

in many areas, such as social awareness andcomfortable. In this respect, we are continually

issues in our service area, with particularconsumer lifestyles, need to occur on a global

studying advanced measures for environmental

attention to the needs of each community.

scale. In order to achieve sustainable worldprotection and ways to integrate these into all

Recently, environmental problems causingdevelopment, which will require both economic

aspects of our operations. Our policy is to begin

worldwide damage - global warming, acid rain,development and global environmental

by immediately taking action wherever there isozone layer depletion, vanishing tropical rainpreservation, it is vital for us as global citizens tosomething that can be done.

forests, and the spread of deserts - have clearly"think globally and act locally" in our

become a serious concern. These global

communities.

■Changes Up to Now(Fiscal year)

General Company
Management Policy

Environmental policies

Philosophy

1990

1991

1992

Developing Management
toward the 21st Century

1996〜1999

2000〜

Business Innovation andAction Plans

New Mid-Term Management Policy

Mid-Term
Management Policy

Five Basic Principles of the Action Plan for Global Environmental Considerations (Adopted April 1990)

The Action Plan for Global Environmental Consideration (Adopted April 1991)

Action Guide

Previsions

1995〜

New ERA Strategy

Steady expansion ofactivities

Concrete
Action Plans● Each head office, branch andsubsidiary makes its own newplans each fiscal year.

Mid-Term Action Plan
Promoting long-term activities
that contribute to harmonious
relationship with society● Yearly plans are failing tomeet demands of problems
requiring a long-term
response

Medium ofpromotion

Eco Action
2000

2001

entire company

on course

Evaluation of
Activities

New Mid-Term Action Plan
Promoting long-term activities aimed
at supporting harmonious coexistencewith society● Establish mid-term action plan for● Overall company policy is

8

1993〜1995● Promoted the setting of numerical targets,checks and reviews

global warming, we have also embarked
on international activates● Efforts ranged from grass roots local activities toactual policy on global warming

Global Environmental Project Promotion conference● While strengthening mid-term strategy with regard to● There is a need for an environmental policy which will

respond to urgent management issues such as
the tightening of market competition and the specificimplementation of the Kyoto Mechanism

Power Plant Siting and Global Environment
Promotion Conference

Nuclear Power andEnvironmental Committee

New Mid-term Action Plan for Global

With Eco Action, we are voluntarily andsuch as our Five Basic Principles of the Action

Environmental Considerations (fiscal 1996-1999),

aggressively challenging environmental

Plan for Global Environmental Considerations,created in fiscal 1996, have guided our

problems so as to maintain the trust of everyone.

which we drew up in April 1990, and the Kansai

environmental protection efforts to the present.

Electric's Action Plan for Global Environmental

Owing to major changes in the management

Considerations of 1991. Both of these outline theenvironment, such as the partial liberalization ofenvironmental protection policies that we follow

retail energy sales starting in March 2000, we

in all areas of our business.

revised the Kansai Electric Action Plan for

To further boost our efforts, in fiscal 1993 we

Global Environmental Considerations in fiscal

created the Mid-term Action Plan for Global

2000. At the same time, we created a new plan

Environmental Considerations (fiscal 1993-1995),of action with three-year rolling targets to be set

which outlines concrete action plans based on

annually, Eco Action. This will replace the old

concrete numerical goals. This plan and the

Global Environmental Mid-Term Action Plan.

■System of Environmental Measures
Environmental Polices

Philosophy

Five Basic Principles of the Action Plan for Global Environmental Considerations

1 Reduction of environmental impact
2 Promotion of effective and efficient use of energy and resources
3 Development of advanced technology
4 Coordination of efforts throughout the Kansai Electric Group
5 Creation of a new corporate culture to support harmonious coexistence with the global environment

Action Guide

Action Plan for Global Environment Considerations
Action1Consideration for the Environment in All Areas of Our BusinessMeasures to Deal with

1 Measures to Deal with Global Environment Problems

2 Local Environment Problems

a. Measures to Prevent Global Warming (New ERA Strategy)

a. Measures to prevent air pollution

Efficiency：
Efficient utilization of energy by society as a wholeb. Measures to prevent water pollution
Reduction：
Reduction of greenhouse gas emissions in electric power supply
d. Measures to deal with chemical matters,
Activities Abroad： Activities carried out abroad to prevent global warmingetc.
b. Protecting the ozone layer
Action2

Activities Aimed at Building a Metabolic Society
1 Business Activities Geared Towards the Metabolic Society
2 Earnest Exchange and Cooperation with External Group
3 Raising Employee’s Awareness of Their Responsibility as Global Citizens

Concrete Action Plans

Eco Action

9

Environmental Policy and Actions Plans

This action has taken concrete form in efforts

Policy, Targets and Performance in Environmental Protection
Outline of Eco Action (Companywide Action Plan)

Outline of Eco Action (Companywide action plan)

Results of Eco Action 2001
Item
ResultGoals

Performance evaluation

0.26kg-CO2/kWhApprox. 0.3kg- CO2/kWh(Forecast)

Reduced unit CO 2 emission per power consumed (sold) byefficiently using nuclear power generation.

Improving capacity factor of nuclear power
stations

84.5%

More than 80%

Used nuclear power facilities extensively by ensuring safety andreliability, and working hard to increase work efficiency. Also,
introduced constant cycling at rated thermal output.

Maintaining and improving thermal
efficiency of thermal power stations

42.2%

More than 42%

Increased allocation of high heat efficient combined cycling to
improve overall thermal efficiency. Also, improve operation witholder plants such as by shortening firing time, in order to maintainand improve heat efficiency.

LNG use (the ratio of LNG to thermal fuel)5,290,000 t

Approx. 5,000,000t(consumption)

Attained target. Future targets should be raised to increase
percentage of LNG amongst thermal power fuels.

Output expansion through hydro power
station renovation (kW)(Total from fiscal
1989 to present)

30,452kW

30,452kW

Increased output 700 kW by refurbishing in line with designs.
Future design will be updated in line with demand.

Reduction in overall loss (losses ingeneration, transmission and distribution)

8.3%

Reduce as much as
possible

SF6 gas exhaust control (Rate of Recovery
of Gas on Inspection of Apparatus)

96.4%

Approx. 90%

Reduction of CO2 emissions per unit ofpower consumed (sold)Reduction of Greenhouse gas

Attained high recovery rate owing to effective projects. Will work
to maintain high rate in future and will review annual target if
needed.

① Increase number of(Happy plan, etc) contracts② Increase number of(load heat storage adjustment) contracts

151,000 Contracts
4,697 Contracts

5,000 Contracts③ Promotion of peak-cut-type equipment

235,000 Units

250,000 Units

Introduction of electric vehicles

173 Units

177 Units

Abandoned plans with some vehicles because of maintenanceproblems, thus revised target downward. Will study more
effective ways of promoting environmental considerations withvehicles in the future.

Use of untapped energy sources

11 Districts

11 Districts

Started supply to 1 customer in 2001.

19,000,000 kWh

Increased number of contracts by about 3,800 over previous year
to about 11,800.

548,000,000 kWh

We will contribute to the spreadof new sources of energy bypurchasing excess electricity
generated by photovoltaic power,
wind power, and the burning ofwaste materialSOx

Our company: 0.01 g/kWh(Thermal: 0.04 g/kWh)

Maintaining at current
reduced level

Reduced source unit emission with greater use of LNG units thanprevious year. Will work to maintain level in the future.

NOx

Our company: 0.04 g/kWh(Thermal: 0.13 g/kWh)

Maintaining at current
reduced level

Will work to maintain level in the future.

Improving recycling rate of industrial wastes

87%

More than 90%

Usage rate of 100% recycled copy paper

100%

100%

Increasing installations of Systems Conforming
to ISO standards (in total)

20 Districts

Order in Increase in
Number of Places
Conforming to Standard

Development of 100,000 People's Eco-Family
Campaign

Implemented in all
locationsLeveling
off peakload
Efficient use of energy

Cooperation in helping
spread the use of newenergy sources

Reduction of SOx and NOx
emissions per power
generation

10

Same level as last year

Photovoltaic
power generation
Wind power
generation
Power generation
using waste materials

2,000,000 kWh

140,000 Contracts(time period-based contracts)

Voluntary activities carried out at eachlocation (items decided voluntarily, with efforts
made to achieve over 70% of targets set)

Attained target number of time period-based contracts. Will work
to gain more electric housing ("Happy plan", etc.) contracts.

Revised target downward. Will develop schemes to spread use
and reach target in 2002 and beyond.

Added 2 new contracts for 3 total.
Added 1 new contract for 26 total.

Revised target downward, but outperformed previous year. Will
continue examining ways to improve recycle rate. Reduced
discharge by about 7,000 ton from previous year.

Continued using 100% used copy paper at all business sites.

Shut down 3 thermal power plants last year, but added Ohi,
Tanabe, Himeji and Kurobegawa for total of 20.

Increased voluntary activities in all locations.

Outline of Eco Action (Companywide Action Plan)

Eco Action 2002 (3 Years of Eco Action and Mid-term Action Plan for or Global Environmental Considerations)See page
Fiscal 2002

Fiscal 2003

Fiscal 2004

Goals and plans of action set for the fiscal year 2010

Approx. 0.3kg- CO2/kWh (forecast)In order to achieve the targets set for the electricity industry as a whole (bringing levels of CO2 down to
0.3kg- CO2/kWh per unit of power consumed by the fiscal year 2010), we have set our own target to thislevel. We are now promoting our New ERA Strategy aimed at maintaining and exceeding this target.

pg.27

More than 85%

We will gradually introduce steady cycling at rated thermal output from fiscal 2002, aiming at 85% or moreof nuclear power utilization rate.

pg.36

More than 42%

We will maintain a thermal efficiency of above the current target of 42%.

pg.38

More than 85%(LNG ratio)

While reducing the amounts of electricity produced through burning of thermal fuels, we will make efforts
to heighten the ratio of LNG thermal fuel used, which is excellent from the point of view of the environment.

pg.39

We are continuing to overhaul our hydropower stations, and are planning to achieve an increase in output
amounting to 41,672kW by the fiscal year 2006.

pg.39

We are making the utmost effort to reduce loss in the layout and running of all our facilities.

pg.40

Improve 97% target of electric power industry by 2005.

pg.43

33,872kW

35,172kW

39,072kW

Reduce as much as possible

94%

95%

96%

200,000 Contracts 250,000 Contracts 300,000 Contracts
5,600 Contracts

6,600 Contracts

Will work to increase number of all-electric housing ("Happy plan", etc.) contracts with new menu plan.

7,600 Contracts

pg.28
Develop effective schemes and increase number of contracts.

280,000 Units

292,000 Units
Assess and study introduction of vehicles that reduce environmental load including hybrid and low
emission vehicles (LEV), in addition to electric vehicles.

pg.32

We will continue to promote constructive PR and proposal activities in line with regional development.

pg.33

Contribute more to promotion of new energy sources through voluntary development in line with Special
Measures for Use of New Energy Sources in the Electric Power Industry (RPS Law).

pg.34

We maintain at current reduced level.

pg.55

We maintain at current reduced level.

pg.56

More than 90%

Further promote 3 R's (reduce, reuse and recycle) waste initiative to attain zero waste target in mid to long
term.

pg.66

100%

We will continue to implement our policy of using 100% recycled paper for use as copy paper at all ourplaces of business.

pg.71

We plan to strengthen our environmental management system.

pg.19

We need to increase awareness with regard to the environment. We shall revise our activities in this area.

pg.79

Approx. 170 Units

11 Districts

11 Districts

12 Districts

Purchase of excess electricity produced by solar
power, wind power and waste and cooperation withthe work of the Kansai Green Electricity Fund.
SOx: Maintaining at current reduced level(Reference: An average for the five-year period form fiscal 1997-2001
Our company: 0.03g/kWh Thermal: 0.08g/kWh)NOx: Maintaining at current reduced level(Reference: An average for the five-year period form fiscal 1997-2001
Our company: 0.05g/kWh Thermal: 0.15g/kWh)

Order in Increase in Number ofPlaces Conforming to Standard
Voluntary activities carried out at each location

11

Policy, Targets and Performance in Environmental Protection
Environmental Load

Environmental LoadWe are to deliver electricity to our customers.
Therefore in order to produce good quality
electricity, we have to consume various types of

INPUT

fuel at our power stations (input). In providing
services to our customers, we also consume
gasoline in our vehicles and electricity andPower supply

water in our offices. These are all limited
resources and we do our best to use themwisely by undertaking various measures to keep
the amount of CO2 and other types of industrial

Heavy oil

202 thousand k

Crude petroleum

767 thousand k

pg.28

LNG

5,286 thousand t

Renovation ofhydropower station

Progress towardload leveling

waste (output) produced as a result of ourbusiness activities down to the absolute
minimum.
To help us in our efforts to obtain real reductions
in environmental impact in all our areas of

pg.39

business, we have built up a general picture of
the load our operations exert on the

Other

71 thousand k(converted into heavy oil)environment. As far of possible, we have tried toobtain a quantitative picture in order to bettergrasp and understand the situation.

Nuclear fuel217t-U(weight of uranium before irradiation)

Volume of electricity
used in pumping water

3,451 million kWhVolumes purchased fromother companies
Volume of electricity
33,674 million kWh

Market permeation ofalternative forms of energy(Alternative forms of energy)
Photovoltaic
19 million kWh
Wind power
2 million kWh
548 million kWh
Waste

Reduction of transmission
and distribution loss

pg.34

pg.40

Service activities
Reduction in volume ofelectricity and water used

Electricity

117 million kWh

Water

730 thousand m

Gasoline
Light oil

12

pg.72

3

3,761 k1,159 kIntroduction ofelectric vehicles
pg.32

Environmental Load

Main Areas of Effort toward
Reducing Load on Environment

OUTPUTPower supply
Promoting nuclear
power generation

Volume ofelectricity produced 122,231 million kWh

pg.36

Measures toward environmental
protection at thermal power stations
pg.54

CO2

36.88 million t-CO2

SOx

1,438 tNOx

4,801 tVolume ofindustrial waste
Working on the 3R’s
pg.66

64 thousand t

Volume used
for reclamation
Volume of thermalenergy harvested

53 thousand t

Reduction in volume treated mid-process

2 thousand t

Final volume processed

7 thousand3,t

Volume recycled
as new resource

2 thousand t

Volume of low-level
radioactive waste *1(200 liter drums)

Volume of high-level
radioactive waste *2(glassification)

3,545
62

*1 Net amount produced (Produced amount - Reduced amount)*2 The number of barrels from this company accepted at Rokkasho village, high-level
radioactive waste disposal plant in Aomori prefecture in the fiscal 2001.

Volume of internal consumption andtransmission/
12,675 million kWhdistribution loss
KandenService activities
Volume of electricity sold139,779 million kWh

KandenReduction in exhaustgases from vehicles

Volume of CO2 emissions
from use of vehicles
11,750t-CO2

pg.72

13

Policy, Targets and Performance in Environmental Protection
Environmental Accounting

Environmental Accounting
Kansai Electric introduced environmental accounting in 1999 in order to quantitatively identify the cost and effectiveness of environmental protection efforts. The
ultimate aim is not only to publicize results but also to promote more efficient and more effective environmental protection activities.

Important Matters That Act as the Basis for Conducting Environmental Accounting
1．Base conditions of computations(1) Target period(2) Scope● One fiscal year from April 1, 2001 to March 31, 2002.
● All business activities and operations at Kansai Electric

2．Criteria for calculating environmental protection cost(1) Method for calculating depreciation(2) Criteria for composite spending● Depreciations are not included in audits so as to avoid duplicated investment figures.
● Environmental protection costs are sampled in the following order. [1] Balance computation [2] Pro rate calculation
based on rational criteria [3] Pro rate calculation based on simplified criteria. Costs for buried cable infrastructure
included in III-3. Natural Environment Protection and Harmonization Costs are calculated as 50% of actual cost,because the purpose of burying cables is to maintain scenery and ensure supply.

3．Criteria for calculating environmental protection effect(1) Scope of target effect(2) Method for calculating effect(3) Basis of units● The effect on environmental load and waste generated from our primary business activities (electricity production,
distribution, sales and service activities)● In principle, the environmental protection effect is calculated by a simple comparison against a reference term, thatbeing the previous term.
● Total effect. Individual units are recorded also with CO2, SOx and NOx

4．Criteria for calculating economic effect of environmental protection activities● Real effect based on solid proof. Does not include estimated effects based on hypothetical calculations.
(1) Scope of target effect(2) Method for calculating economic effect● Financially accountable revenue earned from environmental protection measures is included in audits.
[1] Revenue● Results of environmental protection measures are compared against the inevitable if those same measures were not[2] Cost cutting
implemented, and are included in accounting.
5．Other(1) Guidelines to conform by(2) Other important information● In principle, calculations for environmental accounting conform to the 2002 Environmental Accounting Guidelines ofthe Ministry of the Environment, with some considerations being given to the nature and characteristics of theelectric power industry in determining categories, etc.
● There are diverse thoughts on how to sample environmental protection costs in regards to nuclear power generation.
At present, because it is necessary to carefully conduct environmental accounting, the full amount of individual
environmental measures (radiation control and measuring, treatment of radioactive waste, planting projects, etc.)
are recognized and included in accounting.

Results from 2001 Accounting
The environmental balance for 2001 showed

As for environmental protection effect, CO2

Improvement of Our
Environmental Accounting¥38.0 billion in investments and ¥42.9 billion inemissions for both Kansai Electric-produced

Kansai Electric continues to examine ways tooutlays. Investment increased a total of ¥5.6

power and power purchased from otherconduct environmental accounting with nuclear

billion over the previous year because a larger

companies declined 2.66 million t-CO2, while SOx

power generation, as this power source isinvestment was made in pollution prevention

and NOx emissions for Kansai Electric-produced

environmentally effective especially withequipment on account of construction projects

power only fell respectively 1,396 t and 1,322 t

regards to global warming not to mention

for new thermal power stations. Outlays

against the previous year. This is because we

important towards energy security. We want todecreased a total of ¥1.5 billion from thegenerated more electricity by nuclear power

improve both the accuracy of our environmental

previous year because of a reduction in

generation and less by thermal power

accounting and its effective use as a businessmaintenance (repair) costs for pollution

generation than the previous year.

management tool. We are also looking at theprevention equipment, which owes to different

The economic effect from environmental

costs and effects of environmental protection

thermal power stations being either temporarily

protection efforts fell ¥800 million against theactivities of the Kansai Electric Group so as toor permanently shut down.

previous year.

gradually include them in our accounting.
Studies will be launched into testing andeventually introducing an environmental
accounting system for the entire group.

14

Units: 100 million yen

Field

Amount invested

Main items

Expenses

Fiscal 2000 Fiscal 2001 Fiscal 2000 Fiscal 2001
―

―

53.4

46.8

1. Environmental management

Compilation of environmental reports, internal education on the environment, obtainment of
external ISO certification

―

―

0.7

0.8

2. Environmental advertisingMonthly events related to the environment, PR work on saving energy

―

―

2.8

1.5

Ⅰ. Cost of environmental management

3. Labor costs
Ⅱ. Cost of measures against global warming

Purchase of excess electricity from new energy sources, measures toward increasing
thermal efficiency at existing thermal power stations

―

―

49.9

44.5

20.3

1.4

5.6

7.4

274.1

363.9

273.0

267.8

4.9

8.4

24.4

20.5

2. Preventing pollution

Management of measuring levels of radioactivity, research and measurement ofenvironmental concentrations
Measures for preventing air pollution (measures for extracting sulfur and nitrogen), measures
to prevent water contamination

79.5

179.2

187.0

194.9

3. Protecting nature and harmonizing with environment

Underground maintenance, greening

189.7

176.3

61.6

52.4

25.7

8.7

67.9

65.1

Ⅲ. Cost of conservation of regional environment
1. Monitoring and measuring environmental impact

Ⅳ. Cost of building a metabolic society
1. Disposing of and recycling industrial waste

Processing of industrial waste

0.9

2.7

12.9

13.0

2. Disposing of and recycling general waste

Subcontracting recycling of old paper

―

―

0.3

0.3

3. Processing radioactive waste

Processing radioactive waste

24.7

6.0

54.0

51.3

4. Green purchasing

Effective use of insulation material scrap in paving, use of recycled road base material

0.1

0.0

0.7

0.5

Ⅴ. Cost of technological development

Measures against CO2, and Waste Disposal

0.6

0.4

29.2

26.3

3.5

5.8

15.3

15.5
4.9

Ⅵ. Other
1. Living in harmony with local environment and education on environment

Co-sponsorship for groups and events related to environmental conservation

―

―

3.3

2. International efforts

Donations to overseas environmental funds

3.5

5.8

0.3

―

3. Environmental subsidies and donations

Levies on pollution levels

―

―

11.7

10.6

324.2

380.2

444.4

428.9

Total investment during the related period

4,790

4,105

―

―

Total running cost during the related period――

22,45322,061

Total■Effect of environmental protection activities
Field

Items (unit)

Fiscal 2000(A) Fiscal 2001(B)Details

Reference
page

3

6

−

11（Total）

pg.19

CO2 emissions (10,000t-CO2) <emissions per unit of power (kg-CO2/kWh)>*3,954 〈0.28〉

3,688〈0.26〉△266〈△0.02〉

Compared to fiscal 1990△572〈△0.09〉

pg.27

Preventionof airpollution

SOx emissions (t) <emissions per unit of power (g/kWh)>*2,834 〈0.02〉

1,438〈0.01〉△1,396〈△0.01〉 Compared to fiscal 1990△9,805〈△0.08〉

pg.55

NOx emissions (t) <emissions per unit of power (g/kWh)>*6,123 〈0.05〉

4,801〈0.04〉△1,322〈△0.01〉 Compared to fiscal 1990△10,246〈△0.08〉

pg.56

Harmonizing
withenvironment

Extension of underground electric cable (km)

300

186

−

12,550（total）

pg.62

Grid extension (in thousands of km2)

13

46

−

4,116（total）

pg.60

Ⅰ. Environmental management

Premises that have received external ISO certification (number)Ⅱ. Measures for global warming
Ⅲ. Regional
environmental
conservation

Results (B-A)

Ⅳ. Building of metabolic society

Ⅴ. Other effects

177

173

−

−

pg.32

Emissions including industrial waste (thousand t) <percentage of reuse as resource（％）>

71 〈84〉

64〈87〉

△7〈3〉

−

pg.66

Low-level radiation solid waste (200-liter drums)

2,944

3,545

−

114,750（total）

pg.74

Planting of trees (units of 10,000)

3.0

2.9

−

29.4(Since fiscal 1993)

pg.79

Beautification activities (no. of cases)

1,521

1,027

−

5,301(Since fiscal 1996)

pg.79

Introduction of electric vehicles (number of vehicles)*CO2 emission intensity per used (sales) power, SOx and NOx emission intensity per power generation■Economic effect of environmental protection measures

Units: 100 million yen

Field
Income from recycling

Main items
Flue gas desulfurization plaster

Profits
Other

Costs saved−

Fiscal 2000

Fiscal 2001

0.1

0.0

0.3

―

120.0

111.2

Costs saved from energy conservation

Measures to improve the thermal efficiency of thermal power stations*

Costs saved from things like reuse and recycling

Reuse of things like transformers

47.0

46.8

Other

Levies saved on pollution levels

―

1.5

167.4

159.5

Total

*With respect to the thermal efficiency of thermal power stations, the reduction in fuel costs for the corresponding year was calculated from the improvement in thermal efficiency derived byadjustment for the base year for environmental protection effectiveness (CO2, SOx, NOx) and comparison with the fiscal year 1990.
15

Environmental Accounting■Environmental protection costs

Policy, Targets and Performance in Environmental Protection
Environmental Accounting

Eco-Efficiency Assessment
What is Eco-Efficiency?

■Eco-Efficiency (Operating profits ÷ Environmental load), 1990 level = 100%

For the sustainable development of a company,
a company must reduce its environmental load707

while increasing profitability at the same time.

CO2 (For power generated by Kansai Electric)
CO2 (Including power purchased from other companies

This relationship between environmental
performance and financial performance can be

700

00
198

600

50

SOx (For power generated by Kansai Electric)NOx (For power generated by Kansai Electric)

500

expressed as the “Eco-Efficiency” proposed by
the World Business Council for Sustainable
Development (WBCSD).
●Formula
Eco-Efficiency = Value of products and services *1 ÷
Environmental impact *2

104

282

300

200
50

“Generally applicable” index*1 Amount of products, amount of services offered, sales,earnings*2 Amount of energy consumption, amount of greenhousegases emitted, amount of pollutants emitted, amount ofwaste discharged

400

00

100

0 90 91 92 93 94 95 96 97 98 99 00 01(Fiscal Year)0 90 91 92 93 94 95 96 97 98 99 00 01(Fiscal Year)

Along this line of thinking, Kansai Electric
devised a formula for expressing the relationshipbetween the environmental load generated by

450
414
400

Overseas, we have developed a method forour business activities and the economic valueof our business activities (profits), or in other350

words, the economic profit per unit

300

Final treated industrial waste(Kansai Electric)

standardizing environmental load substancesof differing units into a single index by adding
the environmental impact and degree ofenvironmental load.
Because of the nature of our business, in orderto calculate environmental load, we look at theamount of CO2, SOx, NOx and waste. And, to250

damage to living things and ecosystems.
However, because countries cite differing

200

conditions as the pretext for determining

150

calculate economic profit, we use the operating
profits recorded on our accounting balance forenvironmental

Note

performance-calculated

compounding variables and because the100

variables themselves change depending on
the type of thinking that is applied, we will50

business (electric power business).
0

continue to study a standardized approach to90 91 92 93 94 95 96 97 98 99 00 01(Fiscal Year)assessing environmental load throughdiscussions and research in Japan.

Results of Trial Calculations andFuture Directions

in nuclear power generation (see pg. 36) andsystem and examining other potential

thermal power generation (see pg. 38), fuel andapplications of environmental efficiency as aIf we take 1990 to be 100 and express the Eco-equipment measures (see pg. 55 and 56), and the

management index.

Efficiency of fiscal 2001 as an index against

promotion of recycling-based activities based on

fiscal 1990, CO 2 for both Kansai Electric-

the “3 R’s” initiative (see pg. 66).

produced power and power purchased from

Kansai Electric will continue the use of Eco-other companies is 104, SOx 707, NOx 282 andEfficiency as a business indicator for promoting

waste 414, each of which shows anactivities that target both a reduction in

improvement. In all cases, the improvement

environmental load and an increase in economic

owes to a steady reduction in environmental

value, while constantly working to improve theload, which we achieved by improving efficiency

accuracy of our environmental accounting

16

Ⅱ
Environmental Management
Kansai Electric is further upgrading the current
environmental management system based on theconcepts of total quality management (TQM), in order totake efficient and effective action and ensure ourconformity with laws and regulations.

Chapter 2 Contents

18 Environmental Management System
19 Environmental Improvement Activities Based on ISO 14001(Examples from our facilities)
20 Environmental Education
20 Award of Excellence in Environmental Action Promotion
21 State of Environmental Communication
21 Communication with Local Communities
22 Communicating Over the Internet
22 Communicating Through Environmental Reports
23 Observance of Environmental Regulations
24 Environmental Assessment for Power Station Construction

17

Environmental Management
Environmental Management System

Environmental Management System

Environmental management at Kansai Electric■PDCA Cycle

is based on the principle of TQM (total quality
management)*. We set out the “Protocol on
Environmental Management” in April of 1998 in

Nuclear Power andEnvironmental Committee

Environmental
Considerations Dept.

All company divisions,departments, and branches

Quality and Safety
Improvement Audit Dept.

order to further bolster our environmental
management system.

Notify concrete
activity plans
for the entire company*In 1981, we were the first electric power company
to introduce a TQC (total quality control) method. In
1984, we received the Deming Prize. Since then, we
have been pursuing consistent and comprehensive
activities aimed at improving our environmental
performance.

Cycle of Environmental
Improvement Activities

Define environm
ental policy

Establish concrete
activity plans

Review activity results andestablish concrete
activity plans
for the entire company

Evaluate propriety andefficiency of the system

Make the company’s
achievements open to
the public throughthe Global Environmental
Action Report

The Nuclear Power and Environmental
Committee, which is chaired by our company
president and made up of members of

Implement environmental
management activities

management, sets concrete action plans for theentire company of the fiscal year.

Check and review
activity results

All divisions, departments, and branches maketheir own plans and goals. They independently
Collect, check andreview activity results

implement their environmental improvement
activities and check and review the results ofActivities at the bases(see page 19)

these activities.
The Environmental Considerations Department
reports the results of the check-and-review
process to the Nuclear Power andEnvironmental Committee so that these results
can be reflected in the company’s concrete■Organization

action plans for the following year.
President

When necessary, the Quality and Safety
Improvement Audit Department assesses thePlanning, Implementation

appropriateness and effectiveness of theenvironmental management system.
Environmental
Considerations Dept.

Organizational Structure
The Environmental Considerations Department
is the general control center for the operation of
the environmental management system. In alldivisions, departments, and branches, theDepartment has set up organizational

Policy and corporate plan definition
Nuclear Power andEnvironmental Committee
Chaired by the Vice President (Chairman),with participants drawn from the board of
directors and other areas

Quality and Safety
Improvement Audit Dept.

Branch offices, fossil fuel centers

Sales offices

Electric power offices

Technical Research Center

structures and appointed personnel for the
purpose of environmental management.

Other divisions(Responsible for the entire company’senvironmental measures)

Power stations
Environmental TechnicalResearch Center

Construction offices, etc.

To boost independent efforts in all workplaces
throughout the company, we have appointed
about 360 environmental project promotion staff
members, whose job it is to carry out activities
such as internal education and training andexternal public relations for their own part of thecompany.
18

Global Environmental Project
Promotion staff(Approximately 360 staff members)●Promotion of voluntary
activities●Employee education●PR activities

Environmental Management System

Environmental Improvement Activities Based on ISO 14001 (Examples from our facilities)
Create a Comprehensive
Environmental Management
System Compliant with ISO 14001

Specific Operations

In order to enrich the company’s environmental

management system in line4 with the ISO14001

management system, in 1997 we began buildingStandard are putting it into practice.

The following gives information on how thosefacilities that have instituted an environmental

an environmental management system
environmental management standard, starting

Acquiring Outside Recognition To
Foment Greater Understanding

with our thermal power stations and now we

To more objectively evaluate our activities, wehave completed the introduction of this systemapplied for and obtained ISO14001 certification

at all of those stations.

for the Miyazu Energy Research Center in 1999.

As a result, we have seen even greater effort

Following that success, we expanded thetoward saving energy resources along with anumber of facilities receiving outsideheightening of awareness with regard to thecertification to 11 by 2001. In 2002, we launchedenvironment in our staff.

programs to gain our first certification for

Based on this result, we completed thenuclear power stations in Mihama and Ohi.

compliant with ISO 14001, an international

introduction of an environmental management
system at our Mihama Nuclear Power Station,
Ohi Nuclear Power Station, and our electric
power offices at Kishiwada, Tanabe, Himeji and
Kurobegawa.
We will continue to improve our environmental
management system.
■Facilities conforming toISO14001 standard
Type of
Facility
Selfdeclared
ExternallycertificatedPower
offices

Thermal power Nuclear power
stations
stations

0

7

2

4

7

0

Topics■Facilities that have been awarded
external certification
Name of facility
Date of Registration
Miyazu Energy Research Center (Thermal power) March 24, 2000
March 24, 2000
Himeji No. 1 Power Station (Thermal power)
October 27, 2000
Kainan Power Station (Thermal power)
March 23, 2001
Himeji No. 2 Power Station (Thermal power)
March 23, 2001
Kishiwada Electric Power OfficeFebruary 22, 2002
Sakaiko Power Station (Thermal power)
February 22, 2002
Tanabe Electric Power OfficeFebruary 22, 2002
Kurobegawa Electric Power Office
March 29, 2002
Nanko Power Station (Thermal power)
March 29, 2002
Himeji LNG Management Office
March 29, 2002
Himeji Electric Power OfficeRaising Awareness
Nanko Power Station
At the Nanko power station, we are doing
research into maintenance of power
generation and environmental protection
systems, promotion of resource and energy
conservation, waste reduction and flue gas
decarbonization.
In our offices, business waste is being sorted
and raw waste from the cafeteria is being
converted into compost. The compost is
packaged in plastic containers and used ingardening or given away to visitors at events
we sponsor.
In an average year, some 200,000 people visit
our facilities, many of which are elementaryand junior high school students who come tosee what we do. As part of our educational
program, we are teaching people about ouroperations, the environment and theimportance of environmental protection,
through experiments with acid rain andglobal warming.

Environmental Policy●Adopt policy for business sites.
●Make policy known to all personnel.
●Disclose policy to general public.

Plant Manager Review●Examine possibilities of review ofsystem improvements, etc.
●Apply results in following year.
Maintain continuous improvement
attitude and effort.

Himeji Electric Power OfficePlanning●Identify “serious environmental issues”.
●Identify “legal and other obligations”.
●Set “environmental goals and targets”.
●Devise “environmental management
program”.

Inspection & Repairs

Implementation & Operation●Monitor and measure.
Correct problems.
●Conduct internal environmental audits.

●Impart education and training
to employees.
●Communicate with local community.
●Implement and manage activities.

The Himeji electric power office is working
hard to reduce fuel, water and electricity
consumption, purchase green supplies andimprove SF6 gas recovery. The office is also
recycling lumber as a raw material for pulp,
whereas in the past it was burned as waste.

19

Environmental Management
Environmental Management System/State of Environmental Communication

TopicsEnvironmental Education
We plan to promote even greater activity towardon the environment in the workplace anenvironmental protection throughout all ourunderstanding of domestic and international

areas of business. Therefore, we believe it istrends with regard to various environmental

necessary to continually educate our personnel.

issues, a knowledge of the company's own

This is done at each place of work according to

specific measures with regard to each problem

role and level of responsibility, so that eachand the directionality of those measures.

employee may become ever more autonomous

We intend to continue to enhance our employee

and positive in their approach to theeducation program so that we may further

environment.

promote environmental protection, starting by

We will continue to run various internal

giving our staff the practical knowledge to deal

education programs. These will be aimed atwith the requirements and implementation of thegiving each employee in charge of, orISO14001 standard.

responsible for, implementing any given policy■Personnel training and education (Kansai Electric)
ProgramEvery Employee Needs toKnow -- Kishiwada ElectricPower Office
The Kishiwada electric power office thinks it
is important to raise the awareness ofenvironmental problems with every
employee in order to develop environmental
protection activities that will earn thefriendship and understanding of the local
community. The below programs were set upby the Environmental Management Team as
educational activities.

Environmental Problems

PeriodDescription

Imparted to
ISO14001 Office

June
2001

Provide knowledge of ISO requirements and improveskills in environmental sampling, assessment andother special techniques.

Numberparticipants●General education on environmental problems●Education for new staff

ISO14001
Staff Training(Managers chargeof program building
and operation)

30

ISO Related●Special environmental training

Internal
Environmental
Audit Training

Sept.
2001

Provide knowledge of ISO requirements and improveskills in environmental audit techniques, to develop
auditors for sites.

Environmental
Staff Training

Sept.
2001

Provide knowledge of company environmental
policy, environmental problems in and outsidecompany, ISO management techniques, planting, etc.

Business site
auditors(Asst. site managers
and department
managers)New
environmental
staff●Training for chief environmental auditors

22●Training for internal environmental auditors●Training for ISO environmental managers

41

Award of Excellence in Environmental Action Promotion
Since 1992, Kansai Electric has been giving anAward of Excellence to business sites that
implement exemplar environmental activities
through their central and satellite offices, inorder to raise environmental awareness

TopicsSpeeding Up Initiatives By Working with
Other Sections – Imawatari Electric Power Officeamongst the workforce and promote bigger andbetter activities. In addition to citing
environmental performance (reduction ofenvironmental load) for a given year, the award
recognizes overall activities including grassroots
activities that have been implemented for an
extended period of time.

20

Imawatari electric power office has made“aggressive measures in global environmental
protection” important targets in their annual plansand, to promote related efforts, formed a working
group -- Green Work 21 -- that straddles multiple
sections. The entire station is working to attainspecific targets. Green Work 21 has made energy
conservation in business offices a target andcreated a program to attain that target. They
operate as the center for promoting activities bydiscussing ways to implement initiatives andshare environmental information.

Communication with Local Communities
Because our business activities are rooted in

The opinions and needs of supporting

Talks on Energy we stage at branch offices andmany local communities, Kansai Electriccommunities and our customers are treated asaffiliate companies, as well as through Informal

aggressively promotes activities that enable

vital information with which we can improve theTalks on Services held at sales points. And,

face-to-face communication with these

efficiency of our operations. We disseminate

questionnaires are sent to customers so that we

communities. These activities include publishing

this information throughout the company overcan find yet other ways to improve our work.

pamphlets and offering programs to improve

our in-house LAN nicknamed “The Voice of

Kansai Electric is curious to know what people

public understanding of our operations andDanbo”. The network is an efficient way of

think about our operations and environmental

environmental undertakings, as well as our

making everyone aware of what the outside

activities, because people are a good source ofunderstanding and applying the needs of theseworld wants.

ideas for improving what we do best.

communities and our customers towards

Kansai Electric further seeks the views of area

improving our operations.

scholars and opinion-leaders through Informal■ What People Have to Tell Us About the Environment (The Voice of Danbo) Is Reflected in Our Activities●I was interested so I took part in the Environment
Month Symposium sponsored by Kansai Electric in
June 2002. It was really worthwhile. I now want to bea little smarter about the electricity we use everyday
and our way of life.

●When I heard about the Kansai Green Power Fund, I
knew it was a great thing. But, not enough PR has
been done.
●I think the Kansai Green Power Fund is a great
system. I’d like to join and do what I can to help.

To gain widespread cooperation in the Kansai Green Power Fund,
Kansai Electric has launched diverse PR activities including
newspaper ads, radio commercials, and information on the backsideof meter notices for customers. We will continue to promote activities
to help diffuse the use of new energy sources in the future.
（For more information on the Kansai Green Power Fund, see pg. 35.）

●I’d like to see you dedicate more efforts and assets
towards the diffusion of natural energy sources.

●Rather than stage events for a limited amount oftime, I’d like you to provide more opportunities in allsorts of places (public facilities and schools) so that
adults and children alike can become more interested
in the environment.
During Environment Month every June, Kansai Electric sponsors
seminars, plants trees in various communities and stages events sothat the company and residents of surrounding communities can think
about environmental problems. Outside of Environment Month, Kansai
Electric has programs for teaching elementary school children about
the environment in an easy to understand fashion. Kansai Electric
continues to develop educational activities with the hope of gaining
even more interest in environmental problems.
（For more information on cooperation with the Local Community, see pg. 80.）

●I’ve understood it that liberalization in the power
market has invited companies other than Kansai
Electric to generate power, but that would meanbuilding more thermal power plants and spewing
more pollution. I wish more were being done todevelop natural energy sources such as existinghydropower generation and wind power generation.

（●Environmental problems are being talked about bypeople of all grades, so I’d really like it if you heldclasses in the school.

Kansai Electric is involved in the promotion of new energy sources ina number of ways including research and development of solar andwind power generation, the purchase of surplus power from
customers and support for the Kansai Green Power Fund. Also,
rehabilitation projects are systematically underway with hydropower
stations to increase output. Kansai Electric will continue to play aconstructive part in these and other similar activities in the future.
For more information on developing and popularizing New Energy Sources, see pg. 34.
For more information on renovating Hydropower Stations, see pg. 39.

）●I wish you would build PCB treatment facilities as
quickly as possible.
Kansai Electric has plans to build a recycle center for utility poletransformers in Konohana, Osaka. Preparations are currently
underway to start construction on the facility. With guidance fromcompetent authorities and the understanding of the general public, wewill move towards an early completion.
（For more information on the recycle center for utility poletransformers, see pg. 69.）

21

Environmental Management System/State of Environmental Communication

State of Environmental Communication

Environmental Management
State of Environmental Communication/Observance of Environmental Regulations

Communicating Over the Internet
The Internet has proven to be a very convenient

are actively using the Internet to increase

Information and Industry Activation Center.

resource, as many people have been reading

customer trust and better understand customer

Kansai Electric sees the Internet as a useful andour Global Environmental Action Report sinceconcerns. Moreover, the Internet is helping us toresourceful communication tool and we will

we first started publishing it on our website inprovide a wide range of information throughcontinue looking for new effective ways to use it

1998. Also taking advantage of the net’s

links to other websites such as the Voluntaryin the future.

instantaneous and interactive nature, we are

Action Plan page of the Kansai Economic Forumusing it to circulate press-releases on ourthat carries news on environmental activities ofenvironmental activities and provide information

businesses in the Kansai area, as well as theon environmental events we stage, as well as toKansai Green Power Fund that we are

reply to inquiries on our activities via e-mail. We

promoting in cooperation with the KansaiCommunicating Through Environmental Reports
In addition to using the Internet, Kansai Electricis learning what people and customers think■ Comments from Readers and Our Response

through a questionnaire provided at the end of
this environmental report. We use these

Kansai Electric’s Global Environmental Action Report

opinions to improve our environmental activities

How easy it was to readand reporting, which in turn help promote a
better understanding of who we are at Kansai
Electric.

●There was plenty of detail and the text was easy to understand, but there was a
lot of information. (Man, 32 years old)
To gain a better understanding of our environmental protection activities, we were careful to add more details andpresent the information in an easy to understand way. The result was that there was more information overall. To
meet the diverse needs of readers, we have published a digest version of the report as well as made the same
information available over the Internet. In the future, we plan to utilize the Internet even more while also improving
the information we release both in terms of content and quantity.

●Impression of the report●There is a good outline of all activities. It could be even better if the key points
were highlighted. (Man, 37 years old)

Difficult tounderstand1 items
5%
Average
6 items
28%

Easy tounderstand
14 items
67%●Impression of our company’s
work in tackling environmental problems

To make it easy enough to get a grasp of the contained information “at a glance”, we added a table of contents andkey points to each new chapter page in the 2002 report. The summary of Kansai Electric’s 2002 activities are
introduced in “feature activities in 2001”

PR points that should be emphasized more●Your contributions to the local community (Woman, 60 years old)
● Reduced transmission loss (Man, 32 years old)
● Response to demands from the local community (Man, 37 years old)
● Educational activities for elementary school children ((Man, 57 years old)
● Energy consulting activities (Man, 61 years old)
● Environmental protection activities for concerned communities (Other than theeco-business) (Man, 62 years old)
Information that readers felt was lacking in the 2001 report has been added to the 2002 report and other informationthat already existed has been presented in a more concrete way.

Considergood up toConsidervery good

9 items
43%

12 items
57%

Cannot really say or
Cannot say : no answers to these

What Kansai Electric should do in the future about environmental protection●Provide information to enable a correct interpretation of nuclear power. (Man,42 years old)
● Develop clean energies such as LNG and wind power. (Man, 52 years old)
● Put more effort into environmental education. (Man, 54 years old)
● Share information on the eco-business within the group, and utilize technology
and know-how of other group companies. (Woman, 29 years old)
● Become a leader in green procurement. (Man, 63 years old)
● Reduce industrial waste including radioactive waste. (Man, 22 years old)
● Do more to support decentralized energy systems exemplified by micro gas
turbines, fuel cells, etc. (Man, 50 years old)
● Provide environmental information to nearby residents. (Woman, 22 years old)This report describes specific activities in various areas. We will continue referring to reader comments so as toimprove the content of this report.

22

Observance of Environmental Regulations
State of Environmental Communication/Observance of Environmental Regulations

The Environmental Protection Agreement contains the various legal restrictions, bylaws and various items mutually agreed with local bodies
and businesses with regard to the running of our facilities. As yet, there have been no examples of any of these restrictions being broken.

■Main Statutes Regarding to the Environment
Title

Contents (Aims)

Air Pollution Control Law

Restrictions pertaining to emissions of soot, smoke and particulate from the business activities of factories
and business establishments, and also emissions of particulate while buildings are being demolished

Restrictions pertaining to concentration of hydrogen ions and volumes ofchemical and biological oxygen demands, suspended matter, etc.

Material and/or behavior concerned

Water Pollution Control Law

Restrictions pertaining to effluent discharged by factories or establishments into the Public Water Areas orundergroundRestriction pertaining to the maximum permittable levels of noise withinboundaries of factories or other types of work sites

Noise Regulation Law

Restrictions pertaining to noise generated by the operation of factories and other types of work sites as wellas construction work affecting a considerable area

Restriction pertaining to permittable levels of vibration within boundaries offactories or other types of work sites

Vibration Regulation Law

Restrictions pertaining to vibration generated by the operation of factories and other types of work sites aswell as construction work affecting a considerable area

Restriction pertaining to concentrations of offensive odor materials withinboundaries of factories or other types of work sites

Offensive Odor Control Law

Restrictions pertaining to offensive odors generated in the course of business activities at factories or atother places of business

Deals with control of production and processing of domestic wastes andindustrial wastes including ashes and sludge

Waste Management andPublic Cleansing Law

Controls waste discharge and appropriate sorting, storage, collection, transport, recycling, disposal, etc. ofwastes

Deals with control of production and processing of garbage, general wastematerials, ashes and sludge resulting from industrial waste■Main Ordinances
Title

Contents (Aims)

Material and/or behavior concerned

Ordinance Pertaining to the Protectionof Living Environment in Osaka
Prefecture (Osaka Prefecture)

Sets our duty of prefecture and local government, businesses and citizens with regard to protection of thehabitat. Lays down and promotes prefectural policy on this; enforces protection against environmental
pollution

Ordinance Pertaining to the Protection
and Creation of Environment(Hyogo Prefecture)

A comprehensive and planned approach to promoting the protection of a healthy and rich environment; aconsensual policy on behalf of the citizens of the prefecture, based on the unique characteristics of Hyogo
prefecture, toward the creation of a beautiful and comfortable environment

Law on the Protection and Fostering of
the environment of Kyoto Prefecture(Kyoto Prefecture)

Contributes toward the firm establishment of the protection of a rich and comfortable environment in which people
and nature may eco-exist in harmony and enjoy a rich and proud history and culture; and to a healthy and cultural
lifestyle both now and in the future through the creation of a pleasant and comfortable environment in which to live

Ordinance Pertaining to the Preventionof Environmental Pollution in
Wakayama Prefecture

Contributes to the comprehensive and planned promotion of policy toward environmental protection throughthe establishment of basic items of policy on such; thus contributes toward the firm establishment of ahealthy and cultural lifestyle for both now and the future

Ordinance Pertaining to the Preventionof Environmental Pollution in Fukui
Prefecture

Contributes toward the health and protection of the prefectural citizens and the protection of their living
environment by laying down the necessary restrictions and measures to be taken with regard to theprevention of environmental pollution

Mostly equivalent to general laws pertaining to water and the atmosphere. Its
restrictions on waste materials are the same as or stricter than the standard■Main Agreements
Each of our power stations has had an agreement concerning environmental protection between the local governments. Such an agreement
contains stringent values compare to those standards set by laws and ordinances, for the purpose of achieving environmental protection.
Title
Agreement on Pollution Prevention Concerning Construction of Tanagawa No. 2 Power Station
Agreement on Pollution Prevention at Nanko Power Station
Agreement on Pollution Prevention
Agreement on Environmental Protection
Pollution prevention
agreements(As of June, 2002)

Party

Tanagawa No. 2

Osaka Prefecture and Misaki Town

Nanko, Sakaiko, Sanpo, Osaka

Osaka Prefecture

Takasago

Hyogo Prefecture and Takasago City

Himeji No. 1, No. 2

Hyogo Prefecture and Himeji City

Agreement on Pollution Prevention

Aioi

Hyogo Prefecture and Aioi City

Agreement on Environmental Protection

Akoh

Hyogo Prefecture and Akoh City

Agreement on Pollution Prevention

KainanWakayama Prefecture, Kainan City and Wakayana City

Gobo, Gobo No. 2

Wakayama City/Gobo City and Mihama Town

Miyazu Energy Research Center

Kyoto Prefecture and Miyazu City

Agreement on Environmental Protection at Maizuru Power Station

Maizuru

Kyoto Prefecture, Maizuru City and Takahama Town

Agreement on Environmental Protection at Wakayama Power Station

Wakayama

Wakayama Prefecture and Wakayama City

Agreement on Environmental Protection at Gobo Power Station and Gobo No. 2 Power Station
Agreement on Pollution Prevention at the Miyazu Energy Research Center

Title

Safety agreements

Power Plant TargetedPower Plant Targeted

Party

Agreement on Environmental Safety for Area around Nuclear Power Station

MihamaFukui Prefecture and Mihama Town

Agreement on Environmental Safety for Area around Nuclear Power Station

Ohi

Fukui Prefecture and Ohi Town

Agreement on Environmental Safety for Area around Nuclear Power Station

Takahama

Fukui Prefecture and Takahama Town

23

Environmental Management
Observance of Environmental Regulations

Environmental Assessment for Power Station Construction
Since 1973, the Ministry of International Tradestations have been determined additionallyand Industry (MITI) (currently, the Ministry ofunder the Electric Utilities Industry Law.

Economy, Trade and Industry) has required that

Under the new system, environmental

Power Station assessment

an environmental impact assessment be

consideration is required from the early stages(Environmental Impact Assessment Law/Electric Utilities Industry Law)

conducted whenever a power station isof the project, and procedures to judge whether(Screening)

constructed. In accordance with the ministerial

assessment is necessary or not and determine

Establishment ofobjective undertaking

council’s 1977 document entitled “Strengthening

contents and method of the assessment haveof Environmental Impact Reviews in Power Plant

been added. For the construction of power

Siting,” we have carried out 16 environmental

stations, the result of the assessment becomes

assessments to date in order to contribute to

the requirement for the approval of theenvironmental protection.

construction plan.

In 1997, the new Environmental Impact

Moreover, we carry out surveys both during

Assessment Law was passed, and revisions ofconstruction work and after commencement of

the Electric Utilities Industry Law wereoperations in order to ascertain whether

implemented in June 1999. Under thepredicted results and effects of steps forEnvironmental Impact Assessment Law, before

environmental conservation fall in line with

implementing large-scale development projects,

those found in the evaluation report.

corporations conduct their own environmental

Based on this environmental assessment

impact assessment to determine the procedures

system, Kansai Electric will endeavor tofor implementing environmental assessment

construct and operate power plants with

withconsideration to the environment.

consideration

toenvironmental

preservation. Specific procedures for power■Power station assessment system inaccordance with the law

Decision by Minister of Economy,
Trade and Industry(Scoping)

Jugging individually whether or
not an assessment procedure isnecessary for power stations
within the scope determined by
the government ordinances(implementing the environmental
impact assessment by a simple
method)Opinions

Prefectural
governor

Deciding items/method
for assessment

Making the environmental
impact assessment method report

Public announcement/
general inspection

Opinions

Inspection/recommendation
by Minister of Economy,
Trade and Industry

Opinions

Residents

Prefectural
governor

Implementing the environmental
impact assessment

Making the environmental
impact assessment
specifications

TopicsEnvironmental Assessment Prior to
Building Sakai LNG Center

Prior to the start of construction on LNG facilities
and wharf in Sakai LNG Center, Osaka, Kansai
Electric and Kansai Group company Sakai LNG
Co., Ltd. conducted an environmental impact
assessment on the site to ensure the environment
would not be effected by construction.
The assessment examined the current state of air,water, noise, vibrations and other qualities andforecasted the impact on the surrounding
environment. Efforts like these assessments show
how concerned Kansai Electric is about theenvironment and testify to the fact that, as acompany, we are taking concrete measures toprotect the environment.

Public announcement/
general inspection, explanatory meeting

Inspection/recommendation
by Minister of Economy,
Trade and Industry

Making the report ofenvironmental impact
assessment

Residents

Opinions

Prefectural
governor

Opinions

Minister for
the Environment

Minister of
Economy,Trade andIndustry
An order tochange may be issued

Public announcement/
general inspection

Effect on
construction plan
Water sampling in sea area near construction site

Environmental consideration
through assessment report

Application and notification of
approval for construction plan

Note)

24

Opinions

Minister of
Economy,Trade andIndustry
An order tochange may be issued
Approval

Procedures which have been added in accordance withthe enactment or amendment of a law
Clauses complying with assessment report have added toapproval conditions for construction plans.

Ⅲ
Response to Global Environmental Problems
Kansai Electric continues to effectively apply technology
and know-how, and develop a New ERA Strategy ofcomprehensive measures that pursue farther-reachingpotential, in order to reduce the emission of greenhousegases and aggressively challenge global environmental
problems.

Chapter 3 Contents

26 CO2 Emissions Worldwide and in Japan
26 Measures to Reduce CO2 Emissions in the Electric Power Industry
27 Kansai Electric’s Measures to Prevent Global Warming - New ERA Strategy
27 Outline of New ERA Strategy
27 CO2 Reduction Target
27 The Effect of CO2 Reduction through the New ERA Strategy
28 Efficiency

Efficient Utilization of Energy by Society as a Whole

28 Load Balancing
32 Promoting the Spread of Electric Vehicles (EV)
33 Utilizing Untapped Energy Sources
34 Developing and Popularizing New Energy Sources
36 Reduction Reduction of Greenhouse Gas Emission in Electric Power Supply
36 Promoting Nuclear Power Generation
38 Improving and Maintaining Thermal Efficiency of Thermal

Power Stations
39 Using LNG
39 Renovating Hydropower Stations
40 Reducing Transmission and Distribution Losses
41 Technological Development with the Goal of Reducing CO2

Emissions
41 Development of Advanced Technology for Next-Generation

Energy Supply
43 Reducing Emissions of Greenhouse Gases other than CO2
44 Activities Abroad Activities Carried out Abroad to Prevent Global Warming
45 Research and Development to Expand Natural Resources
48 Looking to Apply Carbon Dioxide Recovery Technology Abroad
48 Activities and Business Feasibility Studies for the Future of

the Kyoto Mechanism
50 Developing International Business that Contributes to theDecrease of Global Warming
51 Group Activities Aimed at Future Overseas Operations
52 International Cooperation
52 Protecting the Ozone Layer
25

Response to Global Environmental Problems
CO2 Emissions Worldwide and in Japan / Measures to Reduce CO2 Emissions in the Electric Power Industry / Kansai Electric’s Measures to Prevent Global Warming - New ERA Strategy

CO2 Emissions Worldwide and in Japan

Worldwide CO 2 emissions amounted totransportation sector 21%.

increase of energy consumption per household

approximately 22.9 billion t-CO2 (result for fiscal

Of the increase in CO2 emissions caused byand in number of households in the commercial

1999), with Japan accounting for 5% of the total.

energy generation in each sector since fiscal

sector, as well as the increase in number andLooking at CO2 emissions in Japan by sector, the1990, the industrial sector has seen an increase

size of private cars in the transportation sector.

industry sector accounted for 40%, the domesticof 1%, the commercial sector an increase of

sector (households) 14%, the commercial sector

21% and the transportation sector a marked(offices, other businesses) 12%, and theincrease of 21%. This is mainly due to the■World CO2 emissions
from fossil fuel combustion (Fiscal 1999)■Japan’s CO2 emissions by sector (2000)
Industrial processing(limestone consumption, etc.)
4.3%

U.S.A.
25%

Transportation(cars, ships,
planes, etc.)
20.7%
Total
1,237 million t-CO2

Canada 2%
U.K. 2%Germany 4%
India 4%

Source: Outline of Energy and Economic Statistics 2002
The Institute of Energy Economics, Japan

495

o

en

ergy

related9Commercial(offices,other businesses)
12.3%
Domestic(households)
13.5%

Source:(+21%)

300

4%

et

Italy 2%

RussiaJapan 7%
5%(+1%)
Industry490

Du

Korea 2％

Expansion rate since fiscal 1990
is indicated in parentheses

600

400

China
13%

Mexico 2％
France 2％(Million t-CO2)

500

World’s total
22.9 billion t-CO2
Australia
1%

Others 0.4%
Energy Conversion(Power stations, etc.)
6.9%

3.

Others29%■Japan's CO2 emissions trend by sector (2000)

Waste material (incineration of plastics, etc.) 2.0%

200

318
Commercial and Domestic
263(+21%)(+11%)

100
Industry(factories, etc.)
40.0%

assembled from Ministry of Environment data

0256Transportation
212

EnergyConversion
77
90

86
00

(Fiscal year)

Source : assembled from Ministry of Environment data

Note: ● Figures indicate percentage of total emissions by power
plants allotted to various sectors by their final demand inproportion to their power usage.
● Figures in this graph indicate percentage of total emissions.
● ”Others” includes statistical errors at power distributions aswell as the consumption of lubricants.

Measures to Reduce CO2 Emissions in the Electric Power Industry

The Electric Power Industry's
Environmental Plan of Action

To reduce CO2 emissions resulting from power

The Federation of Electric Power Companies ofgeneration, we must attack the problem fromJapan published the Environmental Plan ofboth the supply side and the demand side.

Action for the Electric Power Industry in

In order to achieve this, electric utility

November 1996, in order to step up voluntarycompanies have taken a number of measures toefforts to solve problems such as global

reduce CO2 emissions per kWh, by working towarming. The forth review was conducted in

CO2 emissions are expected to increase byaround 120%, based on fiscal 1990 levels.

CO2 emissions
Approx. 330 million t-CO2 (120% of that of 1990’s)

achieve the optimum generation capacity mix

September 2001.

with a focus on nuclear power and improve the

The plan sets the following target: “By fiscal＝

We must Attack the Problem from boththe Supply Side and the Demand Side

efficiency of facilities at thermal power stations.

year 2010, we will try to reduce the number ofPower consumption(quantity of electricity consumed)

We are also promoting load leveling to achieve

CO2 emissions per unit of power consumed byApprox. 964 billion kWh (150% of that of 1990’s)

efficient energy use by developing andas much as 20% of the real figure for fiscal year

popularizing equipment that has high energy

1990 (approx. 0.3kg-CO2/kWh)”.

efficiency.

Accordingly, even though gross electric power
output is expected to increase by 150% by 2010,26

×CO2 emissions per unit of power consumed(CO2 emissions unit)
Approx. 0.3 kg-CO2 / kWh (reduced by 20% of that of 1990’s)

Kansai Electric’s Measures to Prevent Global Warming - New ERA Strategy

Promoting load levelingthrough development andpopularization of high-efficiency
electrical appliances■New ERA Strategy

Kansai Electric is actively developing its New
Changeover to thepromotion of theuse of electricallypowered vehicles

ERA Strategy, a comprehensive policy on thefurther reduction of greenhouse gas. We will

Utilizing Untappedenergy sources

Developing andpopularizing
new energy

Efficient utilization of energy
by society as a wholecontinue to explore new possibilities that can be

Efficiency

integrated in this strategy.
Promotingnuclearpower generation

We will continue endeavoring to maintainsustainable development by simultaneously
achieving its goals - the 3Es, which are

Improvingthermalefficiency ofthermalpower stations“Economical Growth” “Energy Security”, and“Environmental Preservation”. We are working
to balance the “E”, “R”, and “A” of our “New

Reduction
Reduction of greenhouse gas
emissions in electric
power supply

ERA Strategy” in order to propel our long-term
endeavor to preserve the global environment.

Activities
AbroadActivities carried out abroad toprevent global warming

Renovatinghydropower
stations

The various measures included in the New ERA
Strategy are described from page 28 onwards.

Developing tropicalrain forest reforestationand mangroveafforestation techniques
in order to expand
CO2 absorption.

Undertaking projects
abroad in order to utilize
the Kyoto Mechanism

Developing fuel gas
decarbonization technology

ERA takes the first letter in the words Efficiency, Reduction, Activities and Abroad. It spells era as it carries themeaning of Kansai Electric pioneering a new age.

■CO2 emissions per unit of power generated
and nuclear / hydropower ratio (2000)

Under the New ERA Strategy, we have set a(100 million kWh) (10 thousand t-CO2)(kg--CO2/kWh)
1,500
1,388 1,404 1,429 1,398
1,319 1,338 1,364 1,374
1,400
1,300
Volume of power consumed (sold)
1,200
1,206 1,227 1,226 1,233(100 million kWh)
1,100
1,000
CO2 emissions per unit of
0.35
0.33
0.33 power consumed (kg-CO2/kWh) 0.35

(kg-CO2/kWh)consumed) utilized (sold) in fiscal 2010 to approx.
0.3kg-CO2/kWh, in accordance with the targets
As a result of the New ERA Strategy, CO 2
emissions per unit of power consumed in fiscal
2001 amounted to 0.26kg-CO2/kWh.

0.31

0.31 0.30

0.26

5,000
4,000

4,261 4,068

0.27 4,316 4,191

3,000
0

3,388

0.26

0.30
0.25

4,103
3,755

0

0.28 0.28
0.25
3,926 3,954

3,569 3,516

3,688

0.20

Volume of CO2 emissions(10 thousand t-CO2)

90 91 92 93 94 95 96 97 98 99 00 01

0(Fiscal Year)

Compared to fiscal 1990, the volume of power
consumed increases by 16%, while the volumeof CO2 emissions reduced by 13%.

0.7
0.59
0.6
0.52
0.44 0.47
0.5
0.4
0.33
0.3
0.21 0.24
0.2
0.1 0.07
0France Canada Kansai
Electric Japan U.K. Italy Germany U.S.
0
12
22
21
24
30
34
20
54
78
1
7
40
60
4
10
60
Nuclear
power
11
80
13
Hydropower(%) 100

Ratio of electric
power generatedof the electric power industry (see page 26).

CO2 emissions per unitof power consumed

emissions per kWh (emissions per unit of power

Volume of power consumed (sold)

number of numerical goals to reduce CO 2

CO2 emissions per unit ofpower generated■Trend of CO2 emissions per unit ofelectric power consumed (sold)
Volume of CO2 emissions

CO2 Reduction Target

Source for foreign countries : Energy Balances of OECD Countries 1999-2000
Source for Japan : survey by the Federation of Electric Power Companies.
Actual results for Kansai Electric for fiscal year 2001.
Compared CO2 emissions per unit of power generated of Kansai Electricto those of Europe and U.S., we are in the third level behind France,high ratio of nuclear power, and Canada, high ratio of hydropower.

The effect of CO2 reduction through the New ERA Strategy
CO2 emissions reduced were approximately 21.8
million t-CO2 less in fiscal 2001 as compared to■CO2 emissions saved
0.7 million t-CO2
Cooperative measures(3.4%)
with local communities, etc.

fiscal 1990 levels and nuclear power generation(10 thousand t-CO2)
6,000

accounted for nearly 90% of the total reduction.

5,000This is equivalent to approximately 2% of

4,000

Development of hydropower 0.6 million t-CO2
resources, etc.
(2.6%)
Improved thermal efficiency 0.7 million t-CO2(3.1%)of thermal power station

Japan’s total CO2 emissions – 1,237 million t-CO2

3,000

Use of LNG

0.9 million t-CO2(4.1%)- in fiscal 2000. Converted into the petroleum

2,000

equivalent, this amounted to an estimated saving

1,000

Improved capacity factorof nuclear power stations

6.4 million t-CO2(29.5%)

of approximately 7.8 million kl of oil (equivalent to0

about 90% of our annual fuel consumption).

2,110

2,120

2,050
2,120

2,030
2,050

2,180

4,261

3,569

3,516
3,569

3,926

3,954
3,926

3,688

90

97

98

99

00

01

New nuclear power stations 12.5 million t-CO2(Ohi No. 3&4)
(57.4%)(Fiscal year)

CO2 emissions

CO2 emissions saved
Note: Percentages are calculated against total amounts.

27

CO2 Emissions Worldwide and in Japan / Measures to Reduce CO2 Emissions in the Electric Power Industry / Kansai Electric’s Measures to Prevent Global Warming - New ERA Strategy

Outline of New ERA Strategy

Response to Global Environmental Problems
Efficiency

Kansai Electric’s Measures to Prevent Global Warming - New ERA Strategy

Efficient utilization of energy by society as a whole

Efficiency
Efficient utilization of energy by society as a whole

Load Balancing

INPUT

Encouraging the Use of Nighttime
Electricity (Less CO2 Emission)

Undertakings for Factories andBuildings

Undertakings with General
Consumers

Power consumption differs during the day andHeat storage systems that run on nighttime

The use of electric water heaters that run onnight because of the increased demand forelectricity are being used more and more in air-nighttime electricity continue to spreadcooling and heating. To close this gap, Kansai

conditioning and industrial processes. Alongsidesteadfast and the number of customers who

Electric is forever trying to use equipment more

this, Kansai Electric has seen a steady rise in thehave contracted time-specific electricity that

efficiently and is recommending to customers

number of customers contracting heat storagelets them take advantage of lower rate nighttime

the use of nighttime electricity, which emits lessto take advantage of the lower rates of nighttime

electricity has increased.

CO2. In other words, we are promoting theelectricity. For example, use of our Eco-Ice Mini

spread and use of equipment and a rating

ice heat storage air-conditioning system issystem* that help to balance load by usingnighttime electricity. The benefits are as

growing amongst customers with offices or■Number of time-specific electricity contract( including “Happy Time”)(Thousands in purchases)
150

stores of some 50 - 200 m2 in floor space.

151

follows.
●Customers use cheaper electricity.
● Kansai Electric uses equipment more
efficiently,which helps lower production■Number of contracts for our heat storage
adjustment systems(Purchases)
5,000

115
100

80
65

4,697

costs.

95

50● Together with our customers, we arecontributing to the fight against global

3,815

4,000
2,804

3,000

warming by getting customers to usenighttime electricity produced with a higher
rate of nuclear power generation which

2,000

0

97

98

99

1,877

00

01
(Fiscal year)

1,392

There has also been a rapid increase in our

1,000

Happy Time rating plan that was introduced inemits less CO 2 than thermal power
001(Fiscal year)

March 2000, as well as all-electric homes that

To promote increased use of heat storage

to being safe, secure and comfortable, and oursystems, the Kansai Electric Group has

low rate Happy Plan. To aggressively promoteconsolidated efforts into “energy-saving

all-electric homes, we launched the Happy■CO2 emissions per unit of power
consumed (sold)consulting services”, with which we are

Package lease system in October 2001.

(kg-CO2/kWh)0.35side of electricity and how to use it smartly. We

generation.
*Kansai Electric has a number rating plans that helpbalance load. (See pg. 94.)0.30

0.29 (0.28)

98

99

00

are both economical and eco-friendly in addition

teaching customers about the environmental
are working with customers to get them to usenighttime electricity through heat storage

0.27 (0.26)

0.25

97

systems and, at least, to efficiently use

0.22 (0.23)

electricity with whatever equipment they have.

0.20■Number of households using “Happy Plan”(Thousands in purchases)
50

48.0

0.15
40
31.3

0.10
30
0

19.5

Daytime(8am-10pm)

20(Average demand over five years from fiscal 1997 to 2001.
Figures in parentheses are for fiscal 2001 only)

10

Daily AverageNighttime(10pm-8am)

0Diagnostic team inspecting customer’s facilities

28

7.4

00
1st half

00
2nd half

01
1st half

01 (Fiscal year)
2nd half

PR with Customers

Eco-Cute, a hot water supply Natural Air-

Kansai Electric introduces activities like these

Conditioning Heat Pump that was jointly

to our customers through events like ourdeveloped

Storage Heat Air Conditioning Fair and Lifestyle

togetherwithappliance

manufacturers. It uses a natural cooling

Kansai Electric’s Measures to Prevent Global Warming - New ERA Strategy

In November 2001, we launched sales of theElectricity Fair.

medium (CO2) and efficiently utilizes energy. On
top of the energy savings and eco-friendliness,running costs are low because it runs at night
when electricity rates are lower. All in all, it is a

Storage Heat Air Conditioning Fair

hot water heater for a new age. We will be
dedicating efforts to diffusing its use.
■Eco-Cute System

HP unit
Fan
Tank

Storage Heat Air Conditioning Fair
Water supply

Heat
exchanger

Electricity

Inflation valve

Compressor

SteamdeviceAtmosphericheat

Hot water supply

Tank unitP■Eco-Cute Features
Item

EcofriendlinessFeatureReplaces CFC with natural
cooling medium (CO2).
●Ozone destruction
coefficient : 0●Global warming factor: 1/1700 of CFC

Energysaving

Heat pump system●Annual average : COP*
3 or higher

Cost

Greatly reduces running costs.
●Special rates available
in Happy Plan
●Highly efficient as equipment(COP of 3 or higher)■Events
Event

Dates

Description

Lifestyle Electricity
April – May
Fair

Proposes affluent lifestyles to families through use of electricity.
(Electric water heaters, IH ranges, Eco-Cute, electric floor heating, etc.)

Storage Heat Air
Conditioning Fair

General proposals on electric energy use such as heat storage systems.

May or June

activities aimed at diffusing use of Eco-Ice and Eco-Ice Mini,
Eco-Ice Campaign May – August PR
which are ice heat storage air-conditioning systems.

All-Electrification
Campaign

Oct. – Dec.

PR activities aimed at popularizing the electric home, centered aroundelectric water heaters, IH ranges, etc.

*COP (Coefficient of Performance) expresses heating/coolingability per unit power consumption. The higher the value,
the more efficient the system. (See pg. 95.)

29

Response to Global Environmental Problems
Efficiency

Kansai Electric’s Measures to Prevent Global Warming - New ERA Strategy

Developing Technology
for Efficient Energy Use
Generating constant output is more energyefficient and economical than starting up andshutting down the power station to adjust to

Efficient utilization of energy by society as a whole■Features of redox flow batteriesHigh output
power capacity

High speed response
Response within 4 m sec or below

Excessive load response capability
under more than twice of the rating

Long-Life

No Loss

Long life for more than 15 years

No standby loss during non-operation

fluctuations between nighttime and daytime
demand.
Accordingly, Kansai Electric is researching andstudying power storage batteries which will
enable nighttime power to be stored during thenighttime and then put to use during thedaytime. In particular, it has been decided to
introduce redox flow batteries at the Kansei
Gakuin University Kobe Sanda Campus in 2001.
This is one of the ways in which we haveachieved the wider use of such batteries.
Furthermore, such batteries can be expected to
be useful in improving voltage dip and forEnvironmentally
Friendly
＋

5+

V /V

Not requires for special management
and qualified personnel because of notusing dangerous substances specified
in Fire Service Law

2+Redox flow batteries

Responding to Business Needs of Customers(Energy Service Business)

To further develop the general energy service

improvements and energy-saving measures.

business, Kansai Electric created Kanden Gas

The company provides a wide range of services

and Cogeneration (Kanden GASCO) in April 2001

from equipment remodeling to energy audits. They

with operations for selling gas and proposing

will continue to propose the most effective systemcogeneration systems to customers.

to customers and provide them with energy

Already, the new company is producing results

services that optimally mix electricity and gas.

factory by 11% through equipment efficiency

30

V /V

3+

tank

Ion exchange film

research further such functions.

reduce energy consumption across their entire

Start up in less than a minute−Electrodes Electrodes

above. Therefore, we are making every effort toaccepted a project from the very first customer to

Cell

4+

helping bring about the load leveling mentioned

especially in the energy service field, having

Quick Start up

Two-way inverter

Electrolyte can be used semi-permanently
No emission of exhaust gases, such as CO2

Simple proceduresfor installation

Normal temperature operation

Loademergency power supply systems, as well as inTopicsEasy maintenancecontrol

Pump

Easy to increase
capacity
Increasing the amount of electrolyte
enable high capacity.
Separated designs of the output part(cell) and capacity part (electrolyte tank)provides high flexibility of its layout.

Kansai Electric’s Measures to Prevent Global Warming - New ERA Strategy

Topics

An Environmentally Friendly Resource Saving Building(The Kobe Kansai Electric Building)

DesignThe Kobe Kansai Electric Building was rebuilt in line with the

Design chosen to blend inwith local environment

concept of having a structure that would be robust against
disaster, highly safe and reliable while exceptionallyenvironmentally friendly and gentle on resources at the same time.
Radio tower = Wind tower

As part of this, by way of being adapted to the environment, it
makes positive use of solar power, well water and other suchnatural energies. It has superb energy-saving capabilities and is
extremely economical, incorporating an air conditioning systemthat utilizes heat storage in order to cut down on CO2 emissions(Eco Ice). In these and other ways it aims to use energy andresources effectively.

Capturing light
Generation of solar power. Solar energy panels capableof generating 18 kW of power.

Capturing wind
Using the wind power capturing via the radio tower,
the whole building may be ventilated

Cutting off heat
The windows are double-glazed. This cuts down on theamount of heat entering and leaving the building, thus
saving the amount of energy required for air conditioning.

Easy flow of energy
100%

Treating energy with respect
The building is designed to allow the effective use ofnature light in providing lighting for the rooms. Lightsensors work to adjust the energy output of lighting
apparatus, allowing energy to be saved.

Diagram of double-glazing
Dry air
Glass

50%

Diagram of light adjustment system

Damp-absorbing material

Treating energy with respect

Treating resources with respect
The filler for the panels in the OA room were createdusing old glass bottles and glass waste rendered into
powder and reconstructed.

Air
inlet

Air conditioner

Air conditioner

OfficeOn construction of the underground foundations(slabs, walls), a high-strength plastic frame wasused so as to raise the rate of possible reuse.

Air conditioner

OfficeOutput of lighting
apparatus

Morning Afternoon Night time TimeThe building uses the Eco Ice system. Demand for air
conditioning has moved 100 % to night time only. Using
the relatively cheaper night time electric power, heatis stored in a tank using a heat pump. This is then usedduring the day to provide air conditioning. This has
allowed drastic cuts in running costs.

OfficeNatural light

Necessary degreeof illumination

Degree of lightSingle-glazing Double-glazing

Air conditioner

OfficeTreating water with respect
Heat storage tank for coolingWell water is used for the air conditioning system
and general use.

Wind flow

Main energy-saving effects
Primary energy consumption
For air
conditioning
Average officebuilding

For lighting
and OA

770

Kobe Kansai
Electric Building

515

586
0

200

400

389
600

800

(MJ/m2 per year)
For pump
and elevator
264

1200

20%
reduction
1400

2(kg-CO2/m per year)
Average officebuilding

264
1000

Volume of CO2 emissions

1600

Stored ice for heat +Lighting system using light sensors
low-temperature air produced
Solar power
Natural ventilation system
Well water used as source of heated water
Use of double-glazing
Construction mainly facing west

55

Kobe Kansai
Electric Building

25%
reduction

40
0

5

10

15

20

25

30

35

40

45

50

55

Achieved an approximately 25%
reduction in emissions of CO2

31

Response to Global Environmental Problems
Efficiency

Kansai Electric’s Measures to Prevent Global Warming - New ERA Strategy

INPUT

Efficient utilization of energy by society as a whole

Promoting the Spread of Electric Vehicles (EV)

opportunities to promote the use of electric

Taking Part in the Kyoto
Public-Car Systemvehicles. In the future, the company will also

The Kyoto Public-Car System* is a programassess performance of other types of low-sponsored by the Japan Electric Vehicle

polluting vehicles, with the intent of building a

Association that makes available for public use

fleet of vehicles that place minimal load on thea number of 電気自動車写真
compact electric vehicles stationed

environment.

at 6 locations around the city of Kyoto.Kansai

Kansai Electric has seized a number ofElectric is taking part in this promising program

EV Utilized at Various Scenes

as it should promote the use and spread of theElectric vehicles are more energy-efficient thanelectric vehicle by allowing drivers of all

gasoline vehicles, as they emit only 1/3 of the

backgrounds to use the vehicles for sightseeing,

amount of CO 2 , even when taking intobusiness and other purposes.

consideration the loss during power generation.

＊

The amount of CO2 emissions is further reduced
when the batteries are charged at night.

http://www.ev-kyoto.com/■Kyoto Public-Car System

At present, Kansai Electric is aggressively
promoting the use of electric vehicles within thecompany. We have also placed 173 electric

station

2-way communication

vehicles (excluding vehicles solely for use on the
Reserve
online.

premises) mainly at five sales offices located in
major cities, and are using them on a daily basis.

Reserve After making reservation,by phone. user picks up vehicle
at nearest station.

After making reservation,user picks up vehicle
at nearest station.

Furthermore, we participate in and present themCommandcenterat a variety of events.
Vehicle station

Reservation records
Vehicle availability

Reservation records
Vehicle availability

Vehicle station
Provides map and traffic info
on area around destination.

2-way communication
Reservation records
Vehicle availability

Vehicle station
EV utilized as a leading car in a marathon race
Supermarket

Topics32

Easier Recharging Will Increase Spread(Development of 100V Charging Stand for Ultra Small EV)

The number of ultra small electric vehicles

But, in conjunction with Tohoku, Hokuriku and(motorized 4-wheel electric vehicles, electric

Kyushu power companies, Park 24 and Japanscooters, electric vehicles for the handicapped,

Storage Battery Co., Ltd, Kansai Electric develop aelectric wheelchairs, etc.) on the road has rapidly

coin-operated charging stand that, locatedincreased as they can be easily charged from anthroughout a city, anyone can easily use to recharge

ordinary 100V household electric outlet. And, they

their parked vehicle. Manufactured on orders by

are expected to spread further.

Japan Storage Battery Co., Ltd, the stand went on

These ultra small electric vehicles have been faced

sale in 2002.

with a few setbacks in that they could travel only a

By locating this stand throughout urban areas such

short distance on a single charge and there wereas in parking garages, electric vehicles can extend

few places in the city where they could betheir traveling range. This should help promote therecharged.

use and spread of electric vehicles.

Charging stand for
ultra small electric vehicles

Motorized 4-wheel electric vehicle

Kansai Electric’s Measures to Prevent Global Warming - New ERA Strategy

INPUT

Utilizing Untapped Energy Sources

A large amount of energy in municipal areas■Projects for Practical Use of Untapped Energy

disappears without being used.
Recycle-type regional heating services which

Areamake effective use of such untapped energy

Energy source
StartedAppliedsystemExampleSystems

contribute to environmental preservation.
We are making efforts to convert untappedenergy from sources such as steam from

Osaka
Nishi Umeda

thermal power stations, waste heat exhausted

Waste heat fromcogeneration

Apr. 1991

A Computer waste heat use

from office buildings and computers, and thedifferences between river or seawater

Osaka
Honjo Higashi

Waste heatfrom computers

Jan. 1992A

supply to the Osaka Konohana Rinkai district

CoolingNakanoshima
6-chome Nishi

Waste heat frombuildings

Nov. 1992

to introduce a regional heating supply thatB
B Building waste heat use
B D

Apr. 1994

district.
■Regional Heating Service Area

Kobe Research Park,
Kanokodai

Wakayama
Marina City

Waste heat frompower stations

Apr. 1994
Extracted steam
from power stations

Jul. 1994

Cooling(Heat recovery)

C Substation waste heat use
E
Cooling
tower(Heat Radiation)

Substation

Waste heat fromcomputers andbuildings(Heat recovery)

A B

Tenjinbashi
1-chomeRiver watertemperature,
waste heatfrom cogeneration

HeatingHP

Heat recovery
heat pump

Nov. 1994

Rinku Town

(Heat recovery)
Hot-water supply

Heat recovery
heat pump

E

South Districtof Sannomiya
Station

Kobe research Park
Kanoko-dai

Cooling

HP

Customer

Honjohigashi Distrit,
Osaka
Nishi Umeda, Osaka
Konohana
OAP, Tenjinbashi 1
Rinkai, Osaka-Chome, Osaka
West District of
Cosmo Square, Nakanoshima 6 Chome
Nanko, Osaka
Kansai International Airport

Kansai International
Airport

Cooling
tower(Heat Radiation)

Hotel, etc.

Building

substations in the Osaka Nakanoshima 3-chome

Osaka Nanko
Cosmo Square

Sea water temperature,
waste heat fromcogeneration andbuildings

HeatingHP

Heat recovery
heat pump(USJ District). Moreover, we are now planningmakes use of river water and waste heat from

(Heat Radiation)(Heat recovery)

temperatures and atmospheric temperatures.
In April 2001, we introduced a regional heat

Cooling
tower

ComputercenterOfficeregional heat supply, by taking advantage of the

D Sea/River water use
D
Sea/River

CoolingHeat source
water

Waste heat from
Rinku Town Area substation and building

CustomerJan. 1996
Marina City,
Wakayama

HP

HeatingHeat pump

B C

Sep. 1996

South of
Sannomiya
Station

Apr. 1999
Waste heatfrom cogeneration

Apr. 2001

E Power station waste heat use
Cooling
tower

A B(Heat Radiation)

Absorption
coolerSteamPowerstationCoolingHeating
Hot-water supply

Customer

Osaka
Konohana Rinkai

Waste heatfrom buildings
and computers

Pressure Regulator

Utility tunnel and pipes

33

Response to Global Environmental Problems
Efficiency

Kansai Electric’s Measures to Prevent Global Warming - New ERA Strategy

Efficient utilization of energy by society as a whole

Developing and Popularizing New Energy Sources

INPUT

Current State of New Energy
Sources■Photovoltaic and wind power introduced

power, hydro power and geothermal power are
called renewable energies as they do not
produce CO 2 in power generation. The

Photovoltaic power generation

Natural energies like photovoltaic power, wind

percentage to which Japan has introduced
mix and the future prospects of increased use
are no less in comparison with other countries.
Of these natural energies, photovoltaic power
and wind power are designated new energies
and efforts to spread their use are being

Wind power generationthese new energies in the primary energy supply(MW)
350 318
300
250
200
139
150
114
100
50
19 13
9
2
1
0
Japan U.S. Germany Italy Holland Spain England Denmark
0
300
485
697 483
2,000
2,417
4,000
3,335
4,245
6,000

8,000
8,753
10,000(MW)
Source: Assembled by Kansai Electric from the IEA PVPS REPORT(Sep. 2001) and WIND POWER MONTHLY (Apr. 2002)

Note: Photovoltaic power as at end of 2000 and wind power as at end of 2001

facilities as well as 1.614 million kWh of windgenerated power from commercial facilities
designed specifically to generate power. This
surplus energy is purchased at the same price(kWh) we sell power to customers at, which is
the least we can do to promote the development
and diffusion of new technologies as well as
provide our support to the early formation of a
new energy power market. Kansai Electric istaking part in a model pricing program
sponsored by NEDO (New Energy and Industrial
Technology Development Organization, theMinistry of Economy, Trade and Industry).

promoted on the national level. Other designated■Purchase of surplus power fromphotovoltaic generation

Activities to Use of New Energies

biomass power generation.

New energies present several problems that

Natural energies like photovoltaic power andneed to be overcome and so they are(Thousand kWh)wind power have the strong point of notconsidered supplementary sources of power

18,000supply. Nevertheless, they carry high

16,000

generating CO2, but on the other hand, energy

expectations as pure domestic sources ofthey are highly susceptible to the weather.

energy and minimal environmental load. Kansai

Presently, the biggest problem is that they cost

Electric, too, is promoting the use and diffusion

more to generate power than other energyof new energies to note photovoltaic and wind

(Purchases)
12,00018,522

11,00010,0009,000

14,00011,793

12,00010,987

8,000
7,000

10,000

6,000

8,000

8,031

5,000
4,000

5,804

6,000

Number of purchases (bar graph)density is low and supply stability unlikely as

Volume of electric power purchased (line graph)

new energies are waste power generation andsources do. Having little primary energy

power generation, while also constructively

resources of its own, Japan is aggressively

adding support to new energy initiatives throughdeveloping the use of these natural energies andthe purchase of surplus power from users andhas in fact introduced more photovoltaic power

donations to the Kansai Green Power Fund.

generation than any other country in the world.

Kansai Electric will also be increasing its

Europe and the USA are introducing andcontribution to the new energy effort byPower Generation Using Waste Materials

promoting wind power generation because ofgenerating clean power within the Kansai

Electric power from waste is generated by using

the vast amount of area where favorable windElectric Group as mandated by the with Special

combustion heat from waste as a heat source.

conditions are found.

Measures for Use of New Energy Sources in the

Since there is no additional burden on theElectric Power Industry (RPS Law) of June 2002

environment from this system, Kansai Electricthat requires power companies to make up apurchases from local governments waste-certain amount of their supply mix with new

generated power at a higher price than surplus

energies.

power from other independent power producers■Rate of introduction of reusableenergy in the primary energy supply
(%)
12
10
8
6
4
2
0

2
11.6 *

*1

4.9

7.0
5.3

6.6 6.9

Japan
US
EU

2,000

3,000
2,000

1,000
1 5
2 12 83
0
92 93 94 95 96 97 98 99 00 01 (Fiscal year)0and at a similar price to Kansai Electric’s unit
selling price.

With new offices, Kansai Electric has been

■Purchase of surplus power from waste
generation

systems. As of the end of FY 2001, we were(Million kWh)600

Source: Assembled by Kansai Electric from documentation provided byGeneral Energy Chosakai's New Energy Meeting

generation accounted for 154 kW at the end of

500

Also, with customers who have introduced
photovoltaic power generation systems and thelike to generate their own power, we have been
buying back their power surplus at their request
since April 1992. In 2001, we purchased 613,000
kW of surplus wind-generated power from two(Purchases)
548
432

400
300
200
100

346 352

40

394
30

277 287179
20 22
152 161
17 19
13 16
11 12

25 26

20
10

Number of purchases (bar graph)

generating 765 kW of power. Wind power

Volume of electric power purchased (line graph)*1 Actual result as at fiscal 1999
*2 Target value set by European Commission

FY 2001.

34

4,000

Photovoltaic and Wind Power Generation
installing photovoltaic power generation

Actual result as at fiscal 1998 Predicted result for fiscal 2010

3,035
4,636
1,569
259
556
2,528
58 5541,454
247

092 93 94 95 96 97 98 99 00 01 (Fiscal year)
Purchasing cities : Osaka, Kyoto, Kobe, Suita, Wakayama,
Toyonaka, Itami, Takatsuki, Sakai, Nishinomiya,
Ibaraki, Akashi, Amagasaki
0■Structure of Kansai Green Power Fund

The Kansai Green Power Fund was created in

Sales of electricity

Use Kansai
Electric's revenue
collection system

October 2000 on a proposal made by Kansai

Purchasing sum

systems, from donations received from ourDonations from
Kansai Electric

customers. Kansai Electric matches the
donations that customers give yen-for-yen.

＊

The Management Committeeof Kansai Green Power Fund

Donators

photovoltaic and wind power generation

Entrust donation

Kansai Electricspread of new energies. The Fund basicallyCenter for Industrial
Renovation of Kansai (CIRK)

Donation form
donators

Electric. It was set up to promote the use andprovides financial aid for the construction of

Kansai Electric’s Measures to Prevent Global Warming - New ERA Strategy

Kansai Green Power Fund

(Kansai area only)
Wind-generated energy,
Solar power for public use
Assistance(Nationwide use)
Wind-generated energy

Certificate testifying to participation

Kansai Electric is collaborating in other＊constructive ways, too, by handling PR activities,
accepting and depositing donations, and more.

■Aid recipients for 2001
(Photovoltaic power generation)
RecipientGreen Power Certification

40 kW

Shiga Prefecture Hikone Engineering
High School (Shiga Prefecture)

20 kW

Shinmeji Tunnel (Hyogo)

20 kW

Kyotanabe Chubu Shimin Center (Kyoto)

10 kW

10 kW

Tatsuno General Health and Welfare
Center (Hyogo)

10 kW

10 kW

Toyooka Jonan Daycare (Hyogo)

10 kW

Inagawa Hokubu Medical Center (Hyogo)

4 kW

Toyooka City Higashi Day Service Center(Hyogo Prefecture)(Wind-generated energy)
Recipient

OutputTaikoyama Wind Power Station

4,500 kW

(Kyoto Prefecture)

Japan Natural Energy* was founded in

As of end of March 2003, Kansai Electric had

November 2000 with capital from 11 power

signed agreements to purchase a total of 35.15

companies including Kansai Electric. The

million kWh of wind power per year from 28

company provides natural energy generation tobusinesses and organizations.

customers who prefer to use natural energy, by■Green Power Certification Systemoutsourcing power generation to natural energy

reduce CO2 emissions, so the customer canadvertise this as their environmental activity.

In 2002, there were no applications to sell windgenerated power to us. All purchased power camefrom photovoltaic power generation.

＊

http://www.natural-e.co.jp

Power generation
outsourcing

Reconsignment
Japan Natural Energy

Green Power
Certification issued

Power generation
reportCustomer’s
power company

Wind power
generation company

Conventional power
supply route

Wind power
generation company

power is one way to conserve energy andCustomer(Business/Organization)

power for part of their power needs. Natural

16.2 kW

Certification by
third party organization

customer, a third party verifies power

showing that they have converted to natural

20 kW

Environmental added-value sales

producers. As part of the contract with theGreen Power Certification to the customer,

Output Capacity

Minakuchi-cho Bandani Higashi
Elementary School (Shiga)

Yao City Kitayamamoto Elementary
School (Osaka Prefecture)

producer. Japan Natural Energy then issues a

Recipient

Output Capacity(Hyogo Prefecture)generation performance of the natural energy■Aid recipients for 2002
(Photovoltaic power generation)

Kyoto Prefectural Uji Water Purification
Plant (Kyoto Prefecture)

Ashiya City Iwazono Elementary School

Japan Natural Energy

http://www.kiis.or.jp

Power trading

Sale of self-generated power

35

Response to Global Environmental Problems
Reduction of greenhouse gas emission in electric power supply

Reduction

Kansai Electric’s Measures to Prevent Global Warming - New ERA Strategy

Reduction
Reduction of Greenhouse Gas Emission in Electric Power Supply

OUTPUT

Promoting Nuclear Power Generation

Improving Capacity Factor of
Nuclear Power Stations

in fiscal 2002 to boost capacity factor of nuclear

Prepared for Nuclear Accident

power stations even higher. Our target is to push

The Law for Measures Against Nuclear

Kansai Electric plans to increase electrical

nuclear power use beyond past highs to 85% orAccidents provides a framework of cooperation

power generation using nuclear energy, a power

more.

that allows national and local governments,

source that does not emit CO2, while making

power companies and related organizations tobuild a defense against nuclear accidents thatcapacity factor of our nuclear power stations.

To Ensure Safety at Nuclear
Power Plants

We have been making every effort to even

Safety is the prime concern of a nuclear power

same law, Kansai Electric has adopted anfurther strengthen our traditionally high level ofplant. That is why the facilities have been

Accident Response Plan that spells out action toquality control and cut down on accidents anddesigned and built with redundant measurestake in a nuclear emergency. Formulatedtrouble occurring at our nuclear power stations.

that safely avert accidents and, in the event ofthrough discussions with local government

At the same time, we are working to maintain

trouble, contain it to as small an area as

offices, the plan is part of efforts to ensure ourreliability at all our facilities and ensure quality

possible. Every possible scenario has been

preparedness in the event of trouble, as Kansai

through the regular inspections that have beentaken into consideration.

Electric continues to build and upgrade ourevery possible effort to improve the reliability andthreaten surrounding areas. In line with thiscarried out over recent years. In addition, we
have brought about greater efficiency byrevamping our operation systems in the various

accident prevention readiness.
■Accident response system

Offsite Center

areas. This means that since fiscal 1997, thecapacity factor at our nuclear power stations has
kept a steady 80% level.

National Nuclear Accident HQParticipation
Nuclear Safety Commission

Kansai Electric continues to promote increased
efficiency in a number of ways, one of which has
during periodic inspections. We will also
introduce steady cycling at rated thermal output

84.2

84.3

80
67.8

70
60

67.7

68.8

50
0

Municipal Field HQ

Municipal Disaster Prevention HQ

Instruction and supervision
Accident containment
First-aid for victims,
Radioactivity
measuring

Police : Surveillance

Fire Department: Fire-fighting,search & rescue

Japan Nuclear Energy Research Institute, othernuclear power station operators : Expert support

Self-defense
Force

Disaster Prevention Organization of Nuclear
power station operators(disaster-prevention operators)

Site of
Accident

radiation levels, Disposalof radioactive materials

84.5

DrillsAs indicated in the Accident Response Plan,

73.8

each nuclear power plant stages drills once a
Targetyear to ensure preparedness in the event of a

85 and overnuclear accident. The national and local
90 91 92 93 94 95 96 97 98 99 00 01 02(Fiscal year)

Topics

36

71.1

81.8
82.0

Nuclear Accident Joint Response Council

Nuclear power station operator

Residents Announcement of■Nuclear power generation capacity factor

Nuclear Accident Expert

Evacuation, “stay indoors”
or other instructions (Mayor)

been to systematically group specialty work

71.3 71.2

Prefectural Disaster Prevention HQ

AdviceWith safety and reliability always as a pretext,(%)
90

Prefectural Field HQ

National Field HQ

governments play an active part in these drills as
they serve to strengthen coordination.

Further Efficiency Improvements Provide Hopesof Increased Output (Steady Cycling at Rated Thermal Output)

Steady cycling at rated thermal output is an

output, when the temperature of seawater is low

operation mode for a nuclear reactor thatas in winter. The mode is designed to maintain

maintains thermal output at the maximum

safety and utilize energy effectively. It also

regulated level. It improves power generation

reduces CO2 emission and is expected to boost

efficiency and thereby increases electricity

output by about 2% a year.

Accident response HQ meeting during emergency
drills at Mihama Power Station

Information-sharing Over NSN

Recently, because of the JCO uranium

On the lessons learned from the critical accident

Activities in Kansai Atomic Power
Information Net-Surfing

processing plant criticality accident and theat the JCO uranium processing facility in

Activities in Kansai Atomic Power Information

exposure of the falsification of data regarding

September 1999, the nuclear power industry

Net-Surfing

MOX fuel at BNFL (British Nuclear Fuels Ltd.),

launched NSN (Nuclear Safety Network)* in

In October 2000, universities and businesses

public trust in the nuclear power industry has

December that same year to ensure safetywith nuclear-related facilities in the Kansai area

declined. There have been delays in the national

across the entire industry. NSN’s major activities

formed Kansai Atomic Power Information Net-

Pluthermal plan and the situation continues toare given below and Kansai Electric is active inSurfing *. The pillar activities of this organization

be tough. In response to this situation, the entirethem as part of the effort to ensure facility safety

aim to enhance the safety of nuclear power andnuclear power industry must regain public trust.

and safe operation at nuclear power plants.

create a proper understanding of it amongst theKansai Electric is taking every opportunity to●Building a safety culture in the nuclear

general public. Since their start, the organization

promote activities to do just this – gain backpower industry

public trust in nuclear power.

Seminars, safety caravans, etc.
●Peer reviews of members

has staged various events and learning
opportunities to provide the general public withcorrect information about the industry, such as

Tours of NPP

Teams of experts visiting and assessing

the “So This Nuclear Power!” exhibition (Fiscal

Seeing is believing. And so, as part of the effort

members’ facilities

year 2000 and Fiscal year 2001) at Kinki

at Kansai Electric to reassure the general publicthat our nuclear power plants are safe, we give

●Sharing and providing information
on nuclear power safety

tours of the facilities.

Sharing trouble information, etc.

The initiative aims to make people more familiar
with nuclear power through displays such as the

University, the “General Open Day” (Fiscal year
2001 and Fiscal year 2002) at the Kumatori
branch of the Nuclear Fuel Industries, Ltd. and“Shibune Summer School” at Mitsubishi Heavy＊

http://www.nsnet.gr.jp

Industries.

actual steam generator from the Mihama station

To commemorate their first year of activity, thewhere cracked steam pipes sent a scareorganization sponsored the Energy Forum with athrough the local community in February 1991.

host of opportunities for the general public tothink about nuclear power and how it is part of

Releasing Information
Over the Internet
Kansai Electric provides a variety of information
on nuclear power through 4 separate corners,

their lives. Kansai Atomic Power Information
Net-Surfing is now looking for ways to

Topicseffectively utilize facilities and human resourcesof members towards gaining public trust andincluding the main feature “Nuclear Power

understanding of nuclear fuel recycling and theGeneration News”, on our website. We

whole span of operations associated withadditional release trouble reports. In fiscal 2001,
there were 2 reports of trouble and 1 notice that

Ohi PS Gets High
Evaluation in Peer Review

we were obliged to release by law. Kansai
Electric will continue the positive approach toproviding information as quickly as possible
through our websites and other channels.

nuclear power.
＊

http://www.kgj-net.com/

Ohi power station was the first Kansai Electricfacility to go through a NSN peer review. The
4-day review lasted from January 22 to 25,
2002. In the review board’s assessment, thepower station was “confirmed to endeavor
concertedly, seriously and faithfully tomaintain and strengthen the safetyassurances of their nuclear power facilities.”

Energy Forum 2001
“Thinking About Your Life and Nuclear Power”

Peer review at Ohi PS

37

Kansai Electric’s Measures to Prevent Global Warming - New ERA Strategy

Activities Aimed at Gaining TrustResponse to Global Environmental Problems
Reduction

Kansai Electric’s Measures to Prevent Global Warming - New ERA Strategy

INPUT

Reduction of greenhouse gas emission in electric power supply

Improving and Maintaining Thermal Efficiency of Thermal Power Stations

Measures to Improve Thermal
Efficiency Using Combined Cycle
Generation

Combined Cycle Generating Systemwith State-of-the-Art Gas Turbines

By improving thermal efficiency at thermal

power generation at Wakayama Power Station,

power stations, we are able to conserve thermal

which is in the construction planning stages,

power which enables us to control CO 2

incorporating state-of-the-art 1500ºC-classemissions. We have introduced highly efficient(combustor exit temperature) gas turbines.

combined cycle generation (thermal efficiency

We expect that this will raise the gross thermal

We are planning to adopt a combined cycle54%) at our Himeji No. 1 Power Station. As aefficiency to the world’s highest level, about 59

result, we have raised the total thermal%, and will reduce CO 2 emissions fromefficiency for thermal power stations byelectricity generation by about 25 % compared

maintaining a high utilization factor.

to conventional LNG power generation.

In combined cycle power generation, hot

Thermal efficiency is shown at a lower heating

exhaust from a gas turbine is routed to a heatvalue.

efficiency.

generation facility.
■Gross thermal efficiency of combined
cycle generating system
Combined cycle plant(Example of Wakayama Power Station)

Gas turbine 40%

method.

Generator output

59%
Fuel
(LNG)
100%

■Kansai Electric’s thermal power grosstransmission thermal efficiency

Steam turbine
19%

41

42.2

fluctuations of normal operation and modified
operation to vary pressure of the boiler’s
super heater according to power output. Testruns after the change confirmed a 1.1%
relative increase in power generation

Unit in a similar fashion during 2002.

■Efficiency change between steadypressure and fluctuating pressure

Steam cooling loss
/other losses 56%

In recent years, we have introduced highly efficient combined
cycle power generation with thermal efficiency of 54 %. By
operating existing equipment, gross thermal efficiency isapproximately 42 % at all thermal power stations.

strong enough to withstand the pressure

success, we plan to remodel the Himeji No. 5

44%

40

89 90 91 92 93 94 95 96 97 98 99 00 01(Fiscal year)

replacing, so we installed a valve that was

Generator output

Fuel
(LNG)
100%

0

the boiler’s super heater was old and neededever case in Japan and, because of theSteam turbine plant

Adoption of
combined cycle

On the Kainan No. 3 Unit, a front-end valve on

efficiency at 50% output. This was the first-

Steam cooling loss
/other losses 41%

(%)

42

stations at low output because of an increaseas high energy loss and low power generation

improve the thermal efficiency of the entire

steam turbine plants, an existing generation

opportunities to run thermal powered powerthat employ a once-through boiler translates

combination of these two generation cycles canmeasures for both equipment and operation at

In recent years, we have had many

But, low output operation with power stations

generate steam to run a steam turbine. Effective

thermal efficiency by adopting improvement

Reduced Loss, Increased
Efficiency (Improved Power
Generation Efficiency of SteadyPressure Once-through Boiler)

in utilization factor of nuclear power plants.

recovery steam generator, where it is used to

We are also working to maintain and improve

Topics

Efficiency (%)
41.0(40.43)
Efficiency(40.43)40.0
in fluctuatingpressure
39.0(38.61)(38.19)

38.0
37.0
36.0
0

(36.77)

Efficiency
at steadypressure(36.47)

33

50

75

100 Output(%)*Ref. : Test-run results from Kainan No. 3 Unit

(Performance test conducted in May 2002)

38

Using LNG

Since carrying out trials with LNG in fiscal 1973,■Amount of LNG consumed

we started importing this fuel, first from(10 thousand t)
600

Indonesia in fiscal 1977, then from Western(%)
100
Consumed

Australia in fiscal 1989, from Malaysia in fiscal

90

Ratio

1995, and from Qatar in fiscal 1999. In fiscal 2001,

549

550

we used a total of 5.29 million tons of LNG. This509

accounts for approximately 88% of fuel used forthermal reactors (heavy oil conversion ratio),

500

70
60

499

50

LNG Shipmaking it the major source of fuel for our450

company. LNG has minimal impact on the

powers like oil and coal. We plan to continue

environment: it contains almost no sulfur or

making LNG our main fuel for our thermal power

nitrogen, and it emits far less CO2 than thermal

49780
546 529

519

stations.

40

448 460 449 445 450

30
20

400
0

10
90 91 92 93 94 95 96 97 98 99 00 01

0(Fiscal year)

INPUT

Renovating Hydropower Stations

It has become increasingly difficult to conductof water, we strive to produce as muchlarge-scale hydropower development, sinceelectricity as possible by using the maximum

undeveloped areas are mainly small in scale.

amount of water for power generation. From

■Increase in hydropower output
from facility renovation(kW)
40,000However, because hydropower is a clean

fiscal 1989 through fiscal 2001, output had

35,000energy resource that is purely domestic, we are

increased to 30,452 kW at hydropower stations

30,000developing this power source as much as

as a result of plant renovation.

possible.

We plan to further increase output by 8,620 kW,

When we replace obsolete facilities in already-or seven units, from fiscal 2002 through fiscal

33,872
Hydropower output

existing power stations, we use more efficient

39,07235,17229,752
27,05225,00020,00017,342
15,00010,876

10,0002004.

30,452

17,842

13,672

7,716
8,416
2,713
4,173
50 3,223
089 90 91 92 93 94 95 96 97 98 99 00 01 02 03 04(Fiscal year)

5,000

water turbines. In rivers with an ample amountLife Cycle CO2 Emissions per unit of power by Type of Electricity Source
The graph on the right gives and compares CO 2
emissions per unit of power by type of electricity
source for Japan.
(Explanation)
It has been calculated taking into account all the energy
consumed, not just the fuel burnt in producing theelectricity. This includes energy consumed in obtaining thebasic fuel for construction of facilities, transportation offuel, refining, use and protection. In calculating forelectricity produced by nuclear energy, we have included
spent fuel that is currently planned for reprocessing
domestically and use in Pluthermal (on the premise of one■Units and comparison of CO2 emissions in Japanby type of electricity source(g-CO2/kWh at sender end)
,200,000 975
88
800
742
608
38
600
519
130
111
400 887
704
478
407
200

Facility use
Fuel consumed
in producing
electricity

53
29
22
15
11
LNG
Photovoltaic Wind Nuclear Geothermal Hydrauliccombined power
power power
power
power
cycle
(Taken from the Report of the Central Research Institute of Electric Power Industry)0

Coal
furnaceOilfurnace

LNG
furnacerecycling only) along with high-level radioactive waste
intended for disposal.
39

Kansai Electric’s Measures to Prevent Global Warming - New ERA Strategy

OUTPUT

Response to Global Environmental Problems
Reduction

Kansai Electric’s Measures to Prevent Global Warming - New ERA Strategy

INPUT

Reduction of greenhouse gas emission in electric power supply

Reducing Transmission and Distribution Losses

Reducing Transmission andDistribution Losses

Introduction of 20 kV Power Lines
Kansai Electric is making efforts to increase and

Adoption of High Efficiency
Transformers

We have managed to reduce and maintain a low

expand the reach of 20 kV class power lines (22To reduce loss from utility pole transformers,

loss ratio for many years now at transmission

kV and 33 kV) that deliver electricity to

Kansai Electric newly purchased transformers

and distribution facilities by developing andcustomers. Because the 20 kV lines carry 3 to 5

with a high saliency silicon steel band andintroducing technology such as higher

times higher voltage than our 6 kV lines, we cannoncrystalline alloy core, which is proven totransmission voltage and greater volumes ofsupply more power while reducing transmission

reduce load (iron) loss. 17,000 of thesepower transmitted and distributed. We willloss at the same time. The lines are used totransformers were purchased in 2001.

continue to work to ensure that distribution

supply special customers who contract 20 kV

Presently, 90% of all transformers are this highfacilities are structured so as to ensure low

supply and high-rise buildings. We also use theefficiency type. The loss reduction effect whentransmission and distribution losses and that we

utility towers for both 6 kV and 20 kV lines soconverted into CO2 emission comes out to aoperate facilities with the same goals.

that infrastructure is efficiently utilized.

roughly 50,000 t yearly.

■Ratio of transmission and distribution
losses■Introduction of high efficiency
transformers■Length of 20 kV power lines

90

3,500
3,000

30.8
2,500

Length (km)

30
20
11.6
10
0

3,151km

Overhead lines
Buried lines

6.2

5.1

5.3

5.1

5.2

1,992km

2,000
1,500
1,000

60

70

80

90

00
01
(Fiscal year)

0

Kansai Electric’s distribution system is built likea grid to enable multiple supply routes fromdiffering power stations and over differing
power lines. Normally, some of the switches areleft open, which radiates electricity. The amountof power line loss varies greatly depending on
which of these switches are left open. Kansai
Electric, therefore, added a low-loss
navigational feature to our automated powerline system that optimally opens and closes
switches on a substation basis so as to keeptransmission loss to a minimum.

40

70
60
50
40
30

10
0
70

75

80

85

90

95

00 01
(Fiscal year)

Efforts to Reduce Transmission
Loss in the Operation ofDistribution Systems

80

20

500

51

Rate of introduction (%)

(%)
40

100

91 92 93 94 95 96 97 98 99 00 01( Fiscal year)Kansai Electric’s Measures to Prevent Global Warming - New ERA Strategy

OUTPUT

Technological development with the Goal of reducing CO2 emissions

Developing Flue Gas
Decarbonization Technology
With the goal of eliminating CO2 from flue gas atthermal power stations, we have been
researching chemical absorption methods since1991, by operating a flue gas CO2 recovery pilot
plant at Nanko Power Station. We havesucceeded in reducing the amount of energy
required to recover CO 2 by using newly
developed absorbent liquids, and we are
evaluating the optimum system configuration
based on these results

Flue gas CO2 recovery pilot plant (Nanko Power Station)

We have applied for a patent for the results ofour research so far in Japan, the United States,
Europe and Asia, and many countries have

■Mechanism of flue gas CO2 recovery
equipment (chemical absorption method)

recognized the patent. Using these results,

dimethyl ether from CO 2 to produce the

Desulfurizationequipment

Also, we are conducting comprehensive CO2
recovering studies, such as synthesizing

Electrostatic
precipitator

Denitrificationequipment

been adopted at Malaysian companies.

hydrogen necessary for synthesis.

Stripper

CO2

BlowerCO2

HeatingstreamLeansolvent

Flue gas CO2 recovery equipment

Fuel

INPUT

Recovered CO2

AbsorberBoilerhighly efficient CO2 recovery equipment has

Exhaust gas

Development of Advanced Technology for Next-Generation Energy Supply

R&D into Next-Generation Fuel Cells■Features of solid oxide fuel cells (SOFC)

Fuel cells chemically react hydrogen and(%)

oxygen to directly produce electricity. They areconversion. Also, since natural gas, methanol,
coal gas and a host of other fuels can be used,fuel cells are a hopeful new power generation
system with widely diverse fuel base. Kansai
Electric is researching several potential nextgeneration fuel cells of high power generation
efficiency and high-level waste fuel utilization,such as solid oxide fuel cells (SOFC) and melted
carbonate fuel cell (MCFC).

Power generation efficiency (Lower heating value)highly efficient with minimal loss in energy

Highly efficient comparedto other decentralized
power sources

60

50

Combined cycle with SOFC

Fused carbonate
fuel cell

SOFC

Phosphoric acid fuel cell

40

Experimental Apparatus for
Solid Oxide Fuel Cell (SOFC)●High power generation efficiency(Low CO2 emission)

Gasoline engine●Simple fuel supply (Internally reformable)

Micro gas
turbineGas turbine●Minimal release of NOx, SOx and SS●High overall efficiency because
uses waste heat

Home use
Business/Communal
home use

20

Large thermal PS

Features of SOFC Systems

Solid polymer
fuel cell
Diesel30

Thermal power
combined cycle●Low noise, low vibrations
Commercial/Industrial use

10
1

10

100

1,000

10,000100,000 1,000,000(kW)

Output41

Response
to Global Environmental Problems
環境保全に関する方針・目標・実Reduction

Kansai Electric’s Measures to Prevent Global Warming - New ERA Strategy

R&D into New Types of Fuel

Reduction of greenhouse gas emission in electric power supply■Transporting hydrogen as chemical hydride

Many new kinds of fuel, kind to the environment,

Production side

are in the process of being developed such as(Factory)

fuel using natural gas as its base). In particular,hydrogen is regarded as the favorite to replace

Hydrogen

Process to extract hydrogenhydrogen, DME (dimethyl ether) and GTL (liquid

HydrogenNatural Gas

oil as a source of energy.

Easy to be transported

6H2
9H2

Synthetic Reformation
6CH4→9H2＋C6H6

3H2

BenzeneHydrogenation

Cyclohexane

C6H6＋3H2→C6H12

C6H12

C6H6

We are carrying out extensive research andinvestigation centered on the possibilities ofhydrogen from the viewpoints of its production,
supply, use and the infrastructure it would
require. For example, as one hydrogen system

Reuse

Transportation

Demand side(site of consumption)

for the future, we are conducting research into a
supply system that would transport hydrogen

Supplied to fuel cellthat had been produced by methane asFuel cellchemical hydride in liquid form at normal

Extract hydrogen

Benzene
C6H6

Hydrogen

Dehydrogenation

Cyclohexane

3H2

C6H12→C6H6＋3H2

C6H12

temperature and pressure. The hydrogen would
then be extracted at the site of delivery andtransferred to fuel cells and so on.

Research on Electric Power Applied
Superconductivity Technology
Superconductivity technology could potentially■Merits and features of super induction motors

Meritsbring about a revolution in all areas of futuresociety. Superconducting generators improve
efficiency over traditional generators and also
improve power system stability. Accordingly,

Improved system stability

Improved motor efficiency

Expanded leading
power factor operation

Smaller & Lighter weight

incorporating superconducting generators leads
to resource conservation by reducing the use offossil fuels and contributes to energy
conservation through improved stability ofelectric power systems, thereby enhancing
transmission capacity.
We are also engaged in basic research to

Features
Doubled wall stack(Nonmagnetic material)

Superconductive field
winding

Ambient temperature damper
Low temperature damper

Helium injection/
drainage unit

TurbineLiquid helium

determine the possibility of applying
superconductivity technology in power
generation apparatus, in preparation for a
superconduction power generation system inthe 21st century, and participating in thegovernment’s superconductivity development
project for the purpose of finding solutions toutilize superconducting generators.

42

Hollow armature winding

Vacuum thermal-insulating layer

Reducing Emissions of Greenhouse Gases other than CO2Emissions of Greenhouse Gases

Reducing emissions of SF6

Kansai Electric has also installed SF 6 gas

At COP3 in Kyoto in December 1997, reduction

SF 6 is a high performance insulating gas.

recovery systems at all business sites (26 in all)goals were determined for greenhouse gases

Because it helps downsize electric equipment

and has greatly improved recovery rate byincluding carbon dioxide (CO2), methane (CH4),

and is safe to humans, it is widely used with

developing a booster called “Kankyo 1”. Kansai

nitrous oxide (N2O), hydrofluorocarbon (HFC),

electric devices such as gas circuit breakers

Electric

perfluorocarbon (PFC), and sixth fluoridationand insulated switchgears. SF6 gas insulator

manufacturers as well as introduce Environment

sulfur (SF6).

greatly reduces the amount of land needed for

1 into more places, in an attempt to improve SF6

CO2 has more emissions than other greenhouse

substations, thus helping make substations morerecovery rate in overhaul work to about 97% bygases, more than 90% of Japan’s total, and over

eco-friendly.

fiscal 2005 and thereby minimize release into the

99% of Kansai Electric’s total.

This equipment, however, is overhauled once

atmosphere.

Apart from CO2, although we do produce small

every 18 years and SF6 gas can escape in theamounts of SF6, which we use in insulation inprocess. Therefore, with the cooperation ofelectrical equipment, we use almost no otherelectric equipment manufacturers in recoveringgreenhouse gases.

and reusing SF 6 gas, Kansai Electric has
reduced the amount of SF6 gas that is released

(%)
100

PFC 0.9%

HFC 1.4%

SF6 0.4%

done. [2] When equipment is retired, equipment
manufacturers use the SF6 gas to charge new
equipment. [3] And, if recovered SF6 does not

SH4 1.7%

meet performance demands, gas manufacturers

CO2(non-energetic cause)
6.2%

destroy it before release.

working

with

18.0

92

90
13.7

13.5

60

60 60

15

10.9

70

50

(t)
97 20

83

80

60

96

60

10
6.1

5.0

5

Emissions (bar graph)

N2O 2.8%

work is recharged into the device after work is

Gas recovery rate (line graph)

Basically, [1] SF6 gas recovered in overhaul

continue■SF6 gas recovery rate during apparatus
inspection

into the atmosphere.
■Emission rate of greenhouse gases
in Japan (Fiscal 2000)

will

0.9
0

95 96

97

98

99 2000 01 02 03 04 05(Fiscal year)

0

CO2 (energetic cause)
86.7%

Note: Emission rate was calculated as carbon dioxide
equivalent (IPCC, 1995), using global warming
coefficient.
Source: assembled from data of Ministry of Environment
SF6 Gas Recovery Systems■Emission rate of greenhouse gases at
Kansai Electric (Fiscal 2001)
SF6 0.1%

TopicsNot Even a Little Bit Escapes(Development of SF6 Gas Recovery Booster, “Kankyo 1”)

Because of structural reasons, the system forrecovering SF6 gas from electric equipment always
contains leftover SF6, so Kansai Electric developed
the “Kankyo 1” as a booster for recovering thisCO2 99.9%

residual SF 6 and ultimately improving overall
recovery rate. This booster unit works in conjunction

Note: Emission rate was calculated as carbon dioxide
equivalent (IPCC, 1995), using global warming
coefficient.

with the main unit to improve SF6 recovery rate to
97% or more.

“Kankyo 1”

43

Kansai Electric’s Measures to Prevent Global Warming - New ERA Strategy

INPUT

Response to Global Environmental Problems
Activities
AbroadKansai Electric’s Measures to Prevent Global Warming - New ERA Strategy

Activities
AbroadActivities carried out abroad to prevent global warming

Activities Carried out Abroad to Prevent Global Warming

The United Nations Framework Convention on

Implementation, and the Clean Development

reduction of greenhouse gas emissions.

Climate Change (UNFCCC) is emphasizing

Mechanism to complement the goals each of

Therefore, we are developing projects overseasinternational cooperation in the fields ofthem set for reduction of greenhouse gasses inin which we can apply technical expertise,technology, funding, and research into climate

their own countries.

experience and know-how of years of researchchange. At the third session, COP3, in 1997 in

Kansai Electric believes the Kyoto Mechanismand development with the aim of applying those

Kyoto, members agreed to introduce the Kyoto

for implementing CO2 reduction projects is an

projects to the Kyoto Mechanism.

Mechanisms Emissions Trading, Joint

feasible cost-effective means for effective■Activities Abroad

Eastern Europe Dexia-FundElec Energy Efficiency
and Emissions Reduction Fund, L.P.

RussiaThermal power plant
Refurbishing

UkraineThermal power plant
Refurbishing

Georgia

Regional heating plant
Refurbishing

Georgia

Thermal power plant
Refurbishing

MyanmarConsulting on hydropower
development

ThailandThailandPhilippines

Hydropower
plant refurbishingPhilippines

Hydropower
wholesaling

Operational improvement forthermal plant

Mangrove Ecosystem
Restoration

Indonesia

Australia

Tropical Rainforest
Restoration

Indonesia

Use of coastal
area ecosystems

Carbon Sequestration by
Forestation and Carbonization

Indonesia

Provincial
electrification

Australia Coal mine rehabilitation

CO2 Reduction
Projects

Forestation
relatedprojects

R&D
Jointly implemented activities,
project feasibility studies

Developing international business

44

Kansai Electric’s Measures to Prevent Global Warming - New ERA Strategy

Research and Development to Expand Natural Resources
Developing Technology to Restore
the Rainforests through Large-scale
Afforestation
Every year, 12.6 million hectares of tropicalrainforest--an area roughly one-third the size ofJapan-- disappear.
Against this background, Kansai Electric andGadjah Mada University in Indonesia have been
carrying out international joint research since
fiscal 1992 under the Tropical Rainforest
Restoration Technology Development Project.
Under this project, researchers make use of thesymbiotic relationship between lauan andmycorrhizal mushrooms in order to raise thenumber and growth rate of the seedlings. So far,they have selected certain mycorrhizal
mushrooms beneficial to the growth of lauan
saplings and developed a method of inoculatinglarge numbers of lauan saplings with thesemycorrhizal mushroom fungi. As well, they have

Pilot plantation Afforestation field test (Sumatra,Indonesia): 30cm lauan seedlings obtained a height of
8m over a 5-year period

Four-month-old saplings (above) have been treatedwith fungi and grow at twice the rate of untreated ones
(right).

found that the fungi have been effective indoubling tree size growth and in increasing thenumber of trees by five times.
The project ended in March 2002 and thePresident of Gadjah Mada University presented■Symbiotic relationship between lauan and mycorrhizal mushrooms

Kansai Electric with a Letter of Appreciation forour contribution.

Effect of mycorrhizal mushrooms

As part of the research follow-up, monitoring●Contribute to growth of the lauan seedlings and planted trees.

continues into fields where agroforestry (A kindof forestation method that manages forest withearning income through selling of farm products
grown among trees while protecting them●Resistant to dryness.
●Not susceptible to disease.
●Not likely to wilt and die.

Symbiotic relationship between lauan
and mycorrhizal mushrooms

against destruction by slash-and-burning, etc.) is

Phosphorus Potassium

conducted.

Mushroom spawn
Root cell■Outline of joint project with Indonesia’s
Gadjah Mada University

Water/
Nutrients

Sugar
Water/
Nutrients

Nitrogen

Water

Contents
Project name

Tropical Rainforest Restoration
Technology Development Project

Participating
Japanesecompanies

Kansai ElectricKansai Environmental Engineering
CenterCooperative body Gadjah Mada University
Project
contents

Develop technology for reforestationof lauan, a native tree, in order torestore the tropical rainforests,
which act to absorb CO2.

Site

Java and Sumatra, Indonesia

Area

Approx. 80ha

Soil

Spawns spread out vertically and horizontallyfrom the roots collecting water and nutrientssuch as phosphorous from the soil, andsupplying them to the roots. Spawns
simultaneously receive sugar from the roots.
Hence, the two live symbiotically.

Duration of the project Fiscal 1992-Fiscal 2001

45

Response to Global Environmental Problems
Activities
AbroadKansai Electric’s Measures to Prevent Global Warming - New ERA Strategy

Developing Technology for
Planting Mangroves in DevastatedLands for the Sake of Local
Improvement

Activities carried out abroad to prevent global warming■Ecology of mangrove forests

Fertilizer, agriculturalchemicals, sand, soil

Mangrove forests have been rapidly
disappearing in Southeast Asia due to expanded
shrimp cultivation and tin mining.

Fish

Organic matter, nutrients

Mangrove*

For four years from 1996 to 1999, the Kansai
Electric Group and the Australian Institute ofMarine Science carried out joint research into
CO2 absorption and fixation of mangrove forests
Algae

Coral reefin Australia and Thailand. This research
revealed that mangrove forests are better atabsorbing and fixing CO 2 than tropicalrainforests. As well, it was discovered that theareas where sea and fresh water meet contain*”Mangrove” is the general term for thickets of salt-resistant plants distributed throughout tropical and subtropical regions in the brackish

waters of coastal and estuarial intertidal regions. In these swamps, leaves and twigs fall continuously from plants, then decay and are
consumed by plankton, which are in turn eaten by fish. Thus, a mangrove swamp plays an important role, forming the center of an
entire food chain.

very little oxygen and thus things like falling
leaves are not decomposed but rather
accumulate as organic carbon. This means thatthese coastal areas hold promise as storage■Outline of project with the AustralianInstitute of Marine Scienceareas for carbon.

■Outline of project with Thailand Royal
Forest Department

Contents

Contents

Project name

CO2 Absorption and Fixation Research
Through the Use of Coastal Ecosystems

Project name

Mangrove Ecosystem Restoration
Reforestation Technology Development Project

Development Project, a joint effort with the Royal

Participating
Japanesecompanies

Kansai ElectricKansai Environmental Engineering
CenterParticipating
Japanesecompanies

Kansai ElectricKansai Environmental Engineering
CenterForest Department in Thailand started in 2000.

Cooperative body Australian Institute of Marine Science

The Kansai Electric Group is now building onthese results in the Mangrove Ecosystem
Restoration

Reforestation

Technology

The aim of this research is to restore themangrove forests, which have been devastated

Project
contents

Project
contents

Development of technology to plant
trees in a devastated mangrove
forest, which is a promising CO 2
pool

Site

Hinchinbrook, Australia;
Chumpon, Thailand

Site

Don Sak and Khanom and otherlocations in Thailand

Duration of the project Fiscal 1996-Fiscal 1999

Area

Approx. 80ha

by industries like shrimp cultivation, and develop
reforestation technology that can sustain the
mangrove forests and thus contribute to the
local improvement in a sustainable way. We are

Cooperative body Royal Forest Department in Thailand

Confirm the coastal areas arehighly effective in absorbing andfixing CO2 and propose measures
to protect coastal ecosystems

Duration of the project Fiscal 2000-Fiscal 2003

planting approximately 250,000 mangrove trees
covering an area of roughly 80ha. In addition, weare looking into the possibility of creating a“Silvo-fishery system” combining forestry andfishery related activities.

●Research results
The carbon fixation capacity of mangrove forests is equal

Annual CO2 fixation amount(t-CO2/ha/year) to or grater than that of tropical rainforest50
44.0
Underground section,
soil
16.9
40
Above-ground section
30
20
10

Khanom forest area, Thailand
25.3
10.6

27.1
20.2

14.7

0
Mangroves(Australia)

46

Mangroves(Thailand)（

Tropical rainforest●from Intergovernmental Panel on
Climate Change (IPCC) guidelines●above-ground section only）

project to sequestrate carbon by forestation

Since October 2000, a group consisting of Kansaienhance the plant growth using mycorrhizal

and carbonization (CFC: Carbon Sequestration

Electric, Japan Coal Energy Center, Idemitsu

mushrooms and charcoal.

Project by Forestation and Carbonization)

Kosan Co., Ltd. and Electric Power Development

commenced in the fiscal year 2002. CFC is aCo., Ltd. has been carrying out a joint Japan-

project to seek to realize sustainable wood

Australia project to develop and test

production and effective atmospheric CO2technologies for growing forests of high CO2

sequestration simultaneously.

fixation capacity on the site of an open-cut coal

Toward this aim, CFC uses plants, which has

mine. The project is run by the New Energies

sequestrated CO 2 by photosynthesis, as

and Industrial Technologies Comprehensive

biomass fuel for power generation and raw

Development Organization (NEDO).

materials of pulps and building materials. The

Since the site in Australia is dry andusage of biomass can reduce the consumption

containsless, it is considered to be difficult toof fossil fuel, which finally leads to effective

rehabilitate vegetation there. Nevertheless,reduction of CO2 emission. CFC also produces

planting trees and growing a forest there would

charcoals, that can sequestrate atmosphericgreatly help to cope with global warming, theCO2 semi-permanently, from the left-over woods

project was launched.

after harvesting and wastes from pulp

Currently, about 13,000 eucalyptus trees haveproducing process and use them as soil

been planted over roughly 28 ha site and growth

conditioner and water treatment materials.

is being monitored.

savannah. Yet, Kansai Electric hopes to makethe most of the technologies it has developed to■Outline of Open-cut Coal Mine
Rehabilitation Project in Australia
Contents
Open-cut Coal Mine Rehabilitation
Project

Participating
Japanesecompanies

Kansai Electric, Japan Coal
Energy Center, Idemitsu Kosan
Co., Ltd., Electric Power
Development Co., Ltd.

Commonwealth Scientific andCooperative body Industrial Research Organization(CSIRO)This research is implemented in Sumatra,Indonesia, on a 190,000ha site with the

Project name

Project
contents

To look into methods for the
rapid planting of forests high in
CO 2 absorbing capabilities inopen-cut coal mine, and todevelop simulations in order toachieve the effective use of suchnew technologies.

Site

Australia’s Ensham and Ebenezer
Mines

Area

Approx. 28ha

Duration of the project Fiscal 2000-Fiscal 2004

■Project Site

cooperation of a local tree planting company
and a pulp company. The research aims for thedevelopment of carbonization technology
through carbonizing left-over woods from thetree planting site and wastes from the pulp
company. It also aims at developing
economically viable project model throughestimating how much usable amount ofPlanting as of December, 2000

As of July, 2002

charcoal can be produced and how muchcarbon can be sequestrated.
Kansai Electric expects this research will help
establish Carbon Sequestration Project andcontribute to reduction of atmospheric CO2
which is causing global warming.
■Outline of Carbon Sequestration Project by Forestation and Carbonization
Contents
Project name

Model Development of Carbon Sequestration
Project by Forestation and Carbonization (CFC)

Participating
Japanesecompanies

Kansai Electric,
Kansai Environmental Engineering
Center

Site overview (May, 2001)■Carbon sequestration by Forestation and Carbonization (CFC)
Forestation(Acacia & Eucalyptus trees
Harvesting

Planting

PT. Musi Hutan Persada, PT.
Cooperative body Tanjungenim Lestali Pulp And Paper
Project
contents

Develop model carbon sequestration
project that simultaneously enables
sustainable wood production andeffective CO2 fixation.

Site

Sumatra, Indonesia

Duration of the project Fiscal 2002-Fiscal 2004

Chip
production

RotationBark,
branches, etc.

Farm land, coconut plantation, etc.

Carbonization
Coconut plantation

Farm land

Biomass-fueled
power generation

Paper& Pulp

Fuel

Waste water
treatment facilities

Charcoal fertilizer

Waste
Soil conditioner

47

Kansai Electric’s Measures to Prevent Global Warming - New ERA Strategy

The study area gets little rain and is classified as

A research aiming at model development of a

Development of Tree-Planting Technology
for Rapid and Reliable Rehabilitation ofOpen-cut Coal Mine

Model Development of Carbon Sequestration
Project by Forestation and Carbonization

Response to Global Environmental Problems
Kansai Electric’s Measures to Prevent Global Warming - New ERA Strategy

Activities
AbroadActivities carried out abroad to prevent global warming

Looking to Apply Carbon Dioxide Recovery Technology Abroad
Research into Possible Overseas
Applications■Research into carbon dioxide recovery
technology applications

In cohort with Mitsubishi Heavy Industries,

Contents

Kansai Electric developed absorption

Project name

CO2 Capture Project (CCP)

technology for efficiently recovering CO2 in flue

Participating
Japanesecompanies

Kansai Electric, Mitsubishi Heavy
Industries, Kvaerner Process
Systems (KPS)

gas from thermal power stations. Its recovery
rate is currently the highest in the world. (see pg.
41.)
Research began in 2001 on consignment from
CCP (CO2 Capture Project, consortium of 8 major
oil companies) and started by searching forways to improve the efficiency of oil extraction
by injecting CO 2 into oil fields. Tests wereconducted at our Nanko power station.

BP Amoco, ENI, Norsk Hydro,
Cooperative body Chevron Texaco, EnCana, Shell,
Statoil, Suncor Energy
Project
contents

Reduce cost of CO 2 fixation by
combining CO2 recovery technology
from Kansai Electric and MHI withmembrane technology from KPS.

Site

Kansai Electric’s Nanko power station■Outline of the project with the Electricity
Generating Authority of Thailand (EGAT)
Contents
Power Plant Thermal Efficiency Improvement / Recovery
Project nameThrough Enhanced Operational Management
Participating Japanese Kansai Electric, Electric Power
Development, Chubu Electriccompanies
Generating Authority of
Cooperative body Electricity
Thailand (EGAT)
The four companies named above have beenpromoting improvement of their power plants’
thermal efficiency, and have developed various
Project
energy-saving techniques. Based on thistechnical experience and expertise, the parties
contents
jointly and cooperatively implement the project toimprove/recover the power plant thermal
efficiency.

Site

South Bangkok Power Station

1996-Fiscal 1999
Duration of the project Fiscal(including monitoring)
Expected effect(project total)

CO2 emission reduction : 40,000t-CO2 /thirty months

Duration of the project Fiscal 2001-Fiscal 2002

Carbon Dioxide Recovery technology is
expected to contribute greatly to the effective
use of CO 2 overseas and subsequently aworthwhile response to global warming.

Activities and Business Feasibility Studies for the
Future Utilization of the Kyoto Mechanism
Participating in Activities Implemented
Jointly (AIJ) Japan Program

Feasibility Studies for Business
Development

The UN Framework Convention on Climate

Looking to drum up future business under the

Change introduced the concept of “joint

auspices of the Kyoto Mechanisms, Kansai

implementation” whereby multiple countries

Electric has conducted four studies under acould work together to reduce emissions ofpublicly recruited feasibility study organized bygreenhouse gases. To promote the idea, Japan

NEDO, including basic studies into combined

created the AIJ Japan Program under which

cycle planning for the Konakovo thermal power

Kansai Electric has implemented two projects: thestation in Russia in fiscal 1998. Kansai Electric“Power Plant Thermal Efficiency Improvement/

also took part in two projects under another

Recovery Through Enhanced Operational

publicly recruited feasibility study called theManagement in Thailand” and the “Installation of

Study for Environment and Plant Rehabilitation

Renewable Energy Supply System in Indonesia”.

Projects that was organized by JETRO (Japan

In both cases, Kansai Electric contributed toExternal Trade Organization), one of which was

improve heat efficiency at the thermal power

the rehabilitation project of the Ambuklao

station and cooperate in the development ofhydropower plant in the Philippines in fiscal

sustainable energy sources, through providing

2000.

Kansai Electric’s technical know-how and, by

In fiscal 2002, Kansai Electric will lock arms withutilizing the knowledge and wisdom of both sides.

Kansai Environmental Engineering Center, one

Making good use of the successful experiencesof Kanden Group companies, to study possibleof these projects, Kansai Electric will study theefficiency improvements to a bagasse-fired

possibility implementing of similar projects

power station in Mauritius under a publicly

whether they could be applicable to Joint

recruited feasibility study organized by NEDO.

South Bangkok Power Station■Outline of the project in Indonesia

Contents
Project nameInstallation of Renewable Energy Supply
Systems in Indonesia*

Participating Japanesecompanies

Kansai Electric, Tokyo Electric

Cooperative body

Project
contents
Site

The Directorate General of Electricity andEnergy Development of the Ministry of Minesand Energy of the Republic of Indonesia (DGEED)
To cooperate in ways contributing tosustainable energy supply through installing
renewable energy supply systems including
the implementation of solar home systems,
microhydropower and hybrid system(photovoltaic and wind power) in rural
areas in Indonesia.

Rural areas in Indonesia
Fiscal 1996-Fiscal 2000 (we have been providing

Duration of the project support for management of maintenance activities
since the beginning of 2001)

Expected effect(project total)

CO2 emission reduction : 1,200 t-CO2 / year

*This project will be implemented in the name of “e7”.

“e7” is a group consisting of some of the world’s major
producers and distributors of electricity, which wasorganized in 1992 to hold global consultations onenvironment issues.

Implementation and the Clean Development
mechanism of the Kyoto Mechanisms.
Explaining the Solar Home System at the local level48

■Outline of the business feasibility study
with Georgia (Fiscal 2000)

Contents
Project name

Basic Study on Reconstruction andModernization of Konakovo Thermal
Power Station

Participating Japanesecompanies

Kansai Electric,
Mitsubishi Corporation

Cooperative body United Power System of Russia

Project
contents

The project would improve the total plant
thermal efficiency of Konakovo Thermal
Power Station by introducing a modern
gas turbine combined cycle power plant
which would substantially reduce theplant’s CO2 gas emissions.

Site

Konakovo Thermal Power Station(suburb of Moscow)■Outline of the business feasibility study
with the Philippines (Fiscal 2001)

Contents

Contents

Project nameRenovation and Rehabilitationof District Heat Supply System

Project name

Binga Hydropower Plant
Rehabilitation Plan in Philippine

Participating Japanesecompanies

Kansai Electric,
Shimizu Corporation

Participating Japanesecompanies

Kansai Electric, NEWJECMinistry of Fuel and Energy,
Cooperative body Tbilisi

Philippine National Power
Cooperative body Company (NPC)

Project
contents

To maintain the proper operation of power
plants, a plan to apply maintenanceexperiences and technologies used at
power plant in Japan to power stations
where sand deposition in reservoirs inprogress is designed

Site

Binga Hydropower Plant(Benguet Province, Luzon Island)

Project
contents

Introduce thermoelectric supply system
into existing heat supply plant and study
ways to reduce energy consumption
across entire plant.

Site

District Heating Plants in Tbilisi

CO2 emission reduction : 2.3 million tExpected effect CO2 / year

Expected effectCO2 emission reduction: 50,000 t-CO2/year(Highest value case where optimum plan forachieving highest reduction in CO2 has beenused)

Konakovo Thermal Power Station (Moscow)

District Heating Plants in Tbilisi, Georgia

Binga Hydropower Plant(Benguet Province, Luzon Island)■Outline of the business feasibility study
with Ukraine (Fiscal 1999)■Outline of the business feasibility study
with the Philippines (Fiscal 2000)■Outline of the business feasibility study
with Georgia (Fiscal 2001))

Contents
Project name

Basic Study on Reconstruction andModernization of Symferopoloskaya
Thermal Power Station

Participating Japanesecompanies

Kansai Electric,
Sumitomo Corporation

Cooperative body Krymenergo

CO2 emission reduction : 260,000 tExpected effect CO2 / year

Contents

Contents

Project nameAmbuklao Hydropower Plant
Rehabilitation Plan

Project name

Basic Study on Reconstruction andModernization of Garbadani Power
Plant in Georgia

Participating Japanesecompanies

Kansai Electric, NEWJECParticipating Japanesecompanies

Kansai Electric, Kawasaki Heavy
Industries, Shimizu Corporation

Philippine National Power
Cooperative body Company (NPC)

Project
contents

The project would improve the total plant
thermal efficiency of Symferopoloskaya
Thermal Power Station by introducing amodern gas turbine combined cycle power
plant which would substantially reduce theplant’s CO2 gas emissions.

Project
contents

In addition to using Japan’s experience andtechnology in repairing stalled hydropower
facilities, plan and carry out measures toquickly get the facilities back up andrunning. Diagnose the facilities and repair
and replace intake mechanisms anddeteriorated machinery

Site

Symferopoloskaya Thermal Power
Station (Crimea)

Site

Ambuklao Hydropower Plant(Benguet Province, Luzon Island)

Cooperative body Ministry of Fuel and Energy

Project
contents

Enable combined cycling by highefficiency gas turbine in 3 seriously aged
steam turbine at power plant, reduceenergy use with improved energy
efficiency and reduce CO2 emissions.

Site

Garbadani Power Plant, Rustabi

CO2 emission reduction : 0.7 million tExpected effect CO2 / year

CO2 emission reduction : 250,000 tExpected effect CO2 / year

CO2 emission reduction: 570,000 tExpected effect CO2/year (total for 3 units)

Symferopoloskaya Thermal Power Station (Crimea)

Ambuklao Hydropower Plant(Benguet Province, Luzon Island)

Garbadani Power Plant, Rustabi

49

Kansai Electric’s Measures to Prevent Global Warming - New ERA Strategy■Outline of the business feasibility study
with Russia (Fiscal 1998)

Response to Global Environmental Problems
Kansai Electric’s Measures to Prevent Global Warming - New ERA Strategy

Activities
AbroadActivities carried out abroad to prevent global warming

Developing International Business that Contributes
to the Decrease of Global Warming
Participate in a Hydropower
Generation Project

invest in energy businesses involved in such

In April of 1998, Kansai Electric decided toInvestment in Dexia-FondElec
Energy Efficiency and Emissions
Reduction Fund, L.P.

participate in a hydropower generation project

Furthermore, in January 2000, our company

candidates for loans from the European Bankin the Philippines. This was the first time that amade the decision to participate in the “Dexia-

for Reconstruction and Development, thereby

Japanese power company committed its

FondElec Energy Efficiency and Emissions

reducing the emission of greenhouse gases atresources to full-scale investments andReduction Fund, L.P.,” an environmental fundthe same time as increasing revenues throughparticipation in an electric power generation

put together by the European Bank for

improved efficiency, while aiming for the

project abroad, known as the San Roque

Reconstruction and Development (investment:

eventual acquisition of emission reduction

Multipurpose Project. This will be one of the

10 million euros). The purpose of this fund is tocredits of greenhouse gases.

areas as electricity, heat supply, and gas supply
in the 26 Eastern European countries which arebiggest hydropower generation projects in thePhilippines, and we are jointly investing and■Outline of the investment fund in Eastern
Europeparticipating in the project with Marubeni Corp.
and Sithe Energies, Inc.

Contents

Furthermore, in August of 2001, we entered into
a consultation contract with Myanma Electric

Name

Dexia-FondElec Energy Efficiency
and Emissions Reduction Fund, L.P.

Investor

European Bank for Reconstruction andDevelopment (project planner), Kansai
Electric, Dexint, Marubeni Corporation,
Electric Power Development Co., Ltd.,
Mitsui & Co,. Ltd.

Power Enterprise (MEPE), to facilitate ourelectric power development projects.
According to this agreement, our company will
be engaged, in technical guidance to Myanma

Investment Manager FondElec (Connecticut, USA)Electric Power Enterprise employees, along with

Project
contents

To invest energy businesses involved inelectricity, heat supply, and gas supply in
Eastern European countries, thereby
reducing the emission of greenhousegases while at the same time increasing
revenues through improvement ofefficiency, eventually aiming for theacquisition of emission reduction credits
of greenhouse gases.

Site of fundEstablished at 71 million
euros.Additional fundraising tomaximum of 150 million euros

Duration

2000-2009 (extended a maximum of two years)

NEWJEC Inc. for the following three-year period.
This project was initiated by the government of
Myanma, being troubled by chronic power
shortages, and employing the country’s richhydropower resources, it will develop power

Construction site for San Roque Projectgeneration plants (12 locations) capable ofgenerating 2 million kW of power in the period
from 2001 to 2005.
We consider that participation in this type of
renewable hydropower development is

LimitedPartners

significant in terms of its contribution to the

Kansai Electric
et al.

mitigation of global warming.

Ceremony for the signing of the Consultant Contract■Outline of the project in the Philippines

Contents

San Roque Multipurpose Project(115MW X 3 Units)

Project name

Implementing
corporation

San Roque Power Corporation*

Companies involved Kansai Electric NEWJEC

Site

CO2 emission reduction:
Expected effect 0.7 million t-CO2/year* Kansai Electric will begin by establishing wholly owned
company Kanden International Co., Ltd., then establish
subsidiary KPIC Singapore Ltd. in Singapore. KPIC
Singapore will invest in San Roque Power Co., Ltd.
50

Investment
proposals

Investment

Investment

Fund

Institutional Transfer andTechnical Consulting Services for
Hydropower Development Projects

Project name

Agno River (northern part ofLuzon Island, Philippines)

Investment
Manager(FondElec)■Outline of the project in Myanmar

Contents

Construct a hydropower plant,
and hand over the ownership of the
Project contents plant to National Power Corporation
after 25 years of operation.

Board ofDirectors
Investment
Committee

Cooperative body

Myanmar Electric Power Enterprise (MEPE)

Project
contents

The Kansai Electric Group will support
Myanmar to develop hydropower
plants and transfer engineering
technique obtained through its overcentury experience by means of OJT(On the Job Training) in Myanmar andtraining programs in Japan.

Site

Sittang Valley and others in
Myanmar.12 sites (2000 MW)

Individual Projects

Scheme for the Investment Fund for EnergyConserving Businesses in Eastern Europe.

The Kansai Environmental Engineering Center is studying the possibility of participating in a number of international projects
and developing business in cohort with Kansai Electric. They are aggressively looking for business opportunities in the fightagainst global warming, which includes their part ownership of carbon trader Natsource.

Participation in Project to Tackle
Global Warming through Forest
Carbonization

Development of Technology for
CO2 Coal Layer Fixation

CO2 fixating conditions and examining diverse

Under the Ministry of Economy, Trade andwill be done and further studies will be

In October 2000, in consideration of future

Industry’s CO2 Fixation and Effective Utilization

launched to look into how the entire system canbusiness activities overseas, the we sent

program that searches for a solution to global

be turned into a project.

researchers to the Research Institute ofwarming, development is moving forward on

monitoring techniques, field verification tests

Innovative Technology for the Earth (RITE),

technology to fixate CO2 recovered from large

which is conducting the Development ofsources by separation in seawater orTechnology for Creating Compound Environment

underground storage. A new development

Measures such as Preventing Global Warming

project started in 2002 is aiming at technology

Through Tree Carbonization. This work is taking

for CO2 coal layer fixation. As the project leader,

place under the framework on guidance

the Kansai Environmental Engineering Center

research related to environmental industry

has guided research done in cooperation withtechnology, which is run by the New Energy andresearch institutes and universities to the steps

Industrial Technology Development Organization

immediately prior to practical application. More

(NEDO). Among the responsibilities of our

specifically, the project involves a series ofmembers are selecting carbon fixing plants andtechnologies that start by compacting CO2

developing effective charcoal compost

separated and recovered from a large source

manufacturing methods.

into a stable fixating coal layer and ultimately■Development of technology for CO2 coallayer fixation
Contents

Contents

Project name

Development of Technology for Creating
Compound Environmental Measures suchas Preventing Global Warming throughthe Carbonization of things like Trees

Implementing
organization

Research Institute of Innovative
Technology for the Earth (RITE)

Development of Technology for
CO2 Coal Layer Fixation

Implementing
organization

Kansai Environmental
Engineering Center

Participating
Kansai Electric, etc
companies, etc.
Project
contents

recovering untapped methane (CH 4 ) that
■Outline of project to create anti-warming
measures through carbonization of things
like trees

Project namereplaces the CO2 in the coal layer as clean
energy. After identifying the mechanism by

Develop technology to fixate CO2 incoal layer and effectively utilize
resulting CH 4 , using mechanism
whereby CH4 replaces CO2 in coal.

Duration of the
Fiscal 2002-Fiscal 2006 (planned)
Project

which CH4 replaced CO2 as well as the optimum■CO2 Fixation in coal layer
CO2 separation and recovery

Gas power station

CO2 separation andrecovery system

CO2
CH4

Kansai Environmental Engineering
Participating
Center Co., Ltd.
companies, etc. Wood Research Institute, Kyoto
University Ebara Corporation

CO2
CH4
CH4 recovery and use

Project
contents

In order to gather, fix, and deactivate large
amounts of CO2, confine carbon long-termby carbonizing the carbon fixed within
plants, and develop effective uses forcharcoal such as purifying water andimproving soil. In addition to this long-term
deactivation of CO 2 , carry out basic
research that will be useful in creating
measures for things like preventing
pollution and protecting the environment.

CH4 replacement
Fixation in coal
Coal layer

Duration of the project Fiscal 2000-Fiscal 2002 (planned)

51

Kansai Electric’s Measures to Prevent Global Warming - New ERA Strategy

Group Activities Aimed at Future Overseas Operations

Response to Global Environmental Problems
Kansai Electric’s Measures to Prevent Global Warming - New ERA Strategy / Protecting the Ozone Layer

Activities
AbroadActivities carried out abroad to prevent global warmingInternational Cooperation
Promoting Worldwide TechnicalCooperation to Contribute toPrevention of Global Warming

Highlights of our Activities

participation in experts’ sessions on global

As a member from the onset of e7 and WBCSD

environmental problems at the World Energy(see below), Kansai Electric has been providing

Conference (WEC) and International Council on

In order to address critical issues the

support for large-scale environmental

Large Electric Systems (CIGRE).

international society are facing today, such as

improvement to developing economies. The

Kansai Electric is also cooperating“global“sustainable

results of these efforts have been reported asinternationally for the global safety of nuclear

development”, it is indispensable to expand

views and experiences from the industrial

power by providing technical support to thecooperation activities to worldwide scale.

sector in many opportunities such as on the

Qinshan nuclear power station in China, for

Expectations are growing for electric utilities

Conference of the Parties (COP) of the UN

example. We believe our support andfurther contribution, since they can especially

Framework Convention on Climate Change.

cooperation can contribute to the development

play a greater role among the private sectors in

Kansai Electric has also played a constructiveof nuclear power.

providing technology transfer related to issuesrole in international discussions, including

warming”

and(such as nuclear generation, energy
conservation and environmental protection, etc).

■e7 (a group of leading electric utilities in the G7 countries)

Based on these circumstances, Kansai Electric

Established

1992

Objective

To play an active role in protecting the global environment and promoting sustainable development
through efficient generation and use of renewable energy sources

aggressively involves in multitude ofinternational projects that can contribute to
mitigate climate change, with an emphasis on●Enhancing the quality of international debate on global environment policy issues by sharing its

Outline ofactivities

using our field-proven technical expertise. Our
activities are consisting mainly of:experiences and perspectives.

●Taking initiative to organize international cooperation for actions to curb and reduce greenhouse gas
emissions in developing countries, such as joint projects in Indonesia and Jordan.
American Electric Power (USA), EDF (France), ENEL (Italy), Hydro Quebec (Canada), Ontario Power
Generation (Canada), RWE (Germany), Tokyo Electric (Japan), Kansai Electric (Japan), Scottish Power (UK)

Membership●Participating proactively in international
associations and groups that seek topromote sustainable energy development●Implementing activities with Developing■WBCSD (World Business Council for Sustainable Development)
EstablishedCountries which aim at reducing Green

1995

House Gas (GHGs) emissions.

WICE (World Institute for Conservation and Environment, established in 1993) and BCSD (Business Council
for Sustainable Development, established in 1990) merged as WBCSD in 1995. It aims to promote world
industry to take a leading role in realizing sustainable development.

Background andobjective●Carrying out Human Capacity Building
activities related to electricity and theenvironment.

Conducting seminars and producing papers that support the WBCSD’s commitment to sustainable
development, such as “Climate and Energy”, “Eco-Efficiency”, “Social Trust”, “Standardization of
calculation method of greenhouse gas emission”

Outline ofactivities
MembershipThis coalition represents about 160 companies from more than 30 countries

Protecting the Ozone Layer
We are taking every possible measure to abolish the use of specified CFCs, with the aim of aggressively■Consumption of CFCs

promoting the Japanese government’s measures to protect the ozone layer.

(t)
9.0
8.0

■Measures to eliminate use of specified CFCs

Specified
CFCs

Measures
New facilities

Existing facilities●Replaced equipment with non-●Mainly AC refrigerant

7.4

7.3

7.0

●Introduces equipment that uses
alternative refrigerants.

CFC type.
● Recovered CFC properly at
equipment inspection.

Consumption of CFCs

Use

8.3

6.0
5.8

5.0
4.0
3.0
2.0
1.0

Specifiedhalons52● Fire extinguishing agent for● Introduced CO 2 and otherpower generation facilities

chemical fire extinguishers.

●Not use except for fires.

0

0.9
92

93

94 95

96

0.0
97

0.4

0.2

0.3

98

99

00
01
(Fiscal year)

0.3

Ⅳ
Response to Local Environmental Problems
Kansai Electric is also searching for greater harmony
between our operations and local environments byplanting greenery, adapting infrastructure to maintainscenery and more.

Chapter 4 Contents

54 Response to Local Environmental Problems
55 Air Pollution Prevention Measures
57 Water Pollution Prevention Measures
58 Noise/Vibration Control Measures
58 Obnoxious fume Prevention Measures
58 Chemical Substances Prevention Measures
60 Harmonizing with the Local Environments

53

Response to Local Environmental Problems
Response to Local Environmental Problems/Air Pollution Prevention Measures

Response to Local Environmental Problems

Kansai Electric long ago started taking action against air and water pollution, and is now also carefully addressing new issues such as chemical pollution. Kansai Electric
is also searching for greater harmony between our operations and local environments by planting greenery, adapting infrastructure to maintain scenery and more.

Environmental protection measures
Air pollution
prevention measures

Water pollution
prevention measures

Noise/vibration
control measures

Obnoxious fumeprevention measures

Chemical substances
prevention measures

Harmonizing with thelocal environments

Reducing sulfur
oxidesIn-plant waste
water treatment

Noise prevention

PRTR

Green zoning
measures

Reducing nitrogenoxidesThermal discharge
impact reduction

Vibration prevention

Dioxins

Electric power
facilities in harmony
with the environment

Reducing
particulates

Oil spill prevention

Soil contamination

Protection ofnatural environment

Monitoring andmeasures ofenvironmental impact

Effective use of
hot water discharge

Emergency measures■Environmental protection system in a thermal power station
In accordance with the Environmental Protection
Agreement, thorough care is taken at thermal power
stations in not only implementing countermeasuresagainst air pollution, water pollution, noise and vibration,

Removal of sulfur oxides

but also in observing how these measures are working.
Removal of sootReduction of noise

Afforestation
Removal of nitrogen oxides

Flue gas
desulfurization
facility

Prevention of oil spills

Steam turbine

Electrostatic
precipitator

Generator

BoilerFlue gas
denitrification
facility
Loading arm

Condenser

Integrated water
treatment facility

Main Switch geartransformer←

Intake of sea water from low depths←

Discharge into water

Reducing the impactof thermal discharge

54

Purification of effluent water

Reducing the impactof thermal discharge

Oil fence

Heavy oil/crudeoil tank

Green zone

Air pollution
prevention measures
Reducing sulfur
oxidesReducing nitrogenoxidesMonitoring and measures ofenvironmental impact

Reducing particulates

Emergency measures

Air Pollution Prevention Measures

Installation of Flue gas
Desulfurization Unit

Because of these efforts, SOx emissions in fiscal
2001 were 0.7% that of fiscal 1965.

Kansai Electric has aggressively researched,systems to remove SOx from flue gas. As of the

As part of the effort to reduce SOx emissions

end of fiscal 2001, 8 such units with anfrom thermal power stations, Kansai Electric isequivalent capacity of approximately 3.02 million

using low-sulfur fuel and has installed

kW have been installed. Kansai Electric is notdesulfurization units to remove SOx from flue

only promoting the use of low-sulfur fuels but itgas. This combination of fuel and facilities

also greatly contributing to environmental

measures has reduced SOx emissions.

protection by reducing SOx emissions.

■SOx emissions and thermal power
generation（t）(Millions of kWh)

300,000

80,00060,000200,000
40,000SOx emissions
Thermal power
generation

100,000
50,000065

Use of Low-Sulfur Heavy Oil andCrude

low-sulfer-content heavy oil and crude. This is
one of the major moves Kansai Electric hastaken to reduce SOx emissions.

Use of LNG and NGL
Kansai Electric uses also liquid natural gas(LNG) and natural gas liquid (NGL), both whichcontain absolutely no sulfur. In 2001, we used
5.29 million tons of LNG for our thermal power
stations, which was approximately 88% of all
fuel we used.

80

85

90

95

0
00 01
(Fiscal year)

The rate of SOx emissions per unit of thermal(Millions of kW)

3,500
Facility capacity (Accumulated)

reduce SOx emissions, Kansai Electric is using

75■Installation of flue gas
desulfurization facilities
3,330 3,330 3,330

3,000
27

2,500

27

28

3,018
30

（%）
35

power generation achieved by Japanese power

30

companies is considerably lower than that of

25

2,000

20

1,500
11
1,000

13 1,380
13
930

15
10

680.5
500

5

0

0
63 65 70

75

80

85

90

95

Development of flue gas desulfurization units

00

01(Fiscal year)

R&D of test plants
R&D for scaling-up
Installation of flue gas wet desulfurization units

Rate of system capacity to allowed output of thermal power station

Because a lower sulfur content in fuel will70

20,000

Thermal power generation

developed and introduced equipment andcombusted and bonds with oxygen (O) in the air.

SOx emissions

Sulfur oxides (SOx) form when sulfur (S) in fuel ismajor Western countries (USA, Germany, UK,
France, Canada and Italy). The Japanese
average is 0.23 g/kWh as opposed to their
combined average of 4.4 g/kWh. Kansai
Electric’s level is 0.04 g/kWh, marking theworld’s highest level.
■SOx emissions per kWh from thermal
power generation(g/kWh)

10
8

8.3

6

5.5
4.6

4

4.2

4.4

3.8
2.3

2

0.23

0

France
1996

U.K.
1996

U.S.
1997

Italy
1995

0.04

Canada Germany Average Japan Kansai Electric
the19961997 sixfor
2001
countries 2000

Sources for foreign countries: OECD Environmental Data compendium/1999,
ENERGY BALANCES OF OECD OUNTRIES 1996-1997
Sources for Japan, survey by the Federation of Electric Power Companies

55

Response to Local Environmental Problems / Air Pollution Prevention Measures

Reducing Sulfur Oxides(SOx)Response to Local Environmental Problems
Air Pollution Prevention Measures / Water Pollution Prevention Measures

Reducing Nitrogen Oxides(NOx)

By implementing the above measures, theannual NOx emissions in fiscal 2001 have been

Reducing Particulates

reduced to approximately 16% compared toNOx is generated when nitrogen in fuel and in

All boilers for crude and heavy oil are equippedfiscal 1974.

the air react chemically with oxygen in the air. It
is said that the higher the combustion
temperature becomes, the more NOx iswith high efficiency electrostatic precipitators in■NOx emissions and thermal power
generation

generated. To reduce NOx emissions, our

40,000NOx emissions

Improving the Combustion
System80,000NOx emissions
Thermal power
generation

30,00060,00020,00040,00010,00020,000To reduce NOx emissions through the0

improvement of the boiler combustion system,

74 75

80

85

90

95

Thermal power generation

following measures.

particulates.

(Millions of kWh)（t）thermal power stations are implementing theorder to achieve the lowest possible level of

00 01(Fiscal year)

three methods are available - the two-stage
combustion method, the exhaust gas

In addition, average NOx emissions per unit ofrecirculation combustion method, and the use ofthermal power generation in Japan is 0.28

low-NOx burners. Kansai Electric has madeg/kWh, a figure considerably lower than the 2.0

improvements on boilers to enable them tog/kWh combined average of the USA, Germany,

simultaneously use both the two-stage

the UK, France, Canada and Italy. Kansai

combustion method and the exhaust gas

Electric’s level is 0.13 g/kWh, marking therecirculation combustion method. For an evenworld’s highest level.

greater reduction in NOx emissions, we havealso installed low-NOx burners, which havebeen developed based on the principles of thesemethods.

■NOx emissions per kWh from thermal
power generation

Use of Fuels with Low Nitrogen
Content
As of the end of fiscal 2001, Kansai Electric hasconverted the boilers at 12 out of 13 existing
thermal power stations to use LNG or high

3.0

2.5

1.9

1.9

periodically taking environmental measurements
using instruments.

0.9

1.0
0.5

0.28
France
1996

U.S.
1997

Canada
1995

U.K.
1996

Particularly with our power stations, we monitor
0.13

Italy Germany Average for Japan Kansai Electric
the1995 1997
2000 2001

six countries
Sources for foreign countries: OECD Environmental Data compendium/1999,
ENERGY BALANCES OF OECD OUNTRIES 1996-1997
Sources for Japan, survey by the Federation of Electric Power Companies

nitrogen.

Kansai Electric is implementing environmental

measures, we are regularly monitoring and

2.0

1.8

1.5

0

Monitoring and Measuring ofSOx, NOx, etc.

order to verify the effectiveness of these
2.2

2.0

quality oils such as NGL, which contain little

Monitoring and Measuring
of Environmental Impact

measures at all of our business sites and, in（g/kWh）

3.0

Electrostatic precipitator (Kainan Power Station)and measure air, water, noise and vibrations inaccordance with agreements made with hosting
governments. Findings (SOx and NOx in flue gas)
are relayed to governmental monitoring centers

Installation of Flue Gas
Denitrification Unitsand measurements (COD and SS of waste

Kansai Electric has focused much effort on the

We also monitor the air and sea area aroundresearch and development of flue gas

power stations to assess the overall

denitrification units to reduce NOx emissions
and on their introduction to plants. As of the end

water) are compiled into reports.

■Installation of flue gas denitrificationunitsof fiscal 2001, we have 35 denitrification units（%）
90(Millions of kW)
18,000
Facility capacity (Accumulated)

16,00076

79

79

10,00080
15,384.5
70
14,714.5
13,893.560
12,804.5
50
9,154.5

8,000

40

71

14,00062

12,000

6,000

2,000
0

30

21

4,000

20

2,516.5
6870

10
0
75

80

85

90

Development of flue gas denitrification units

95

00

01

(Fiscal year)

R&D of pilot plants
R&D of large-scale testing equipment
Installation of flue gas denitrification units

56

Rate of system capacity to allowed output of thermal power station

with a total capacity of 13,894 MW.

environment for problems.

good quality (low-nitrogen content) oil.

All our thermal power stations are equipped

We submit the reduction plans in emergency towith computerized on line systems in which real

relevant prefectural authorities during the early

The “Air Pollution Law” defines an emergency

time observations are possible. In the event offiscal year.

as that in which air pollution reaches the level,

an emergency, appropriate actions are taken

which may cause damage to human health andquickly.

the living environment.

In the photochemical smog emergency, we takeIn such cases, the governors of municipal

measures meeting the local government’s

governments

publicrequest to reduce nitrogen oxides (NOx) byannouncements such as forecasts andwarnings according to the degree of the state of

are

to

issue

■Number of measures taken to
reduce NOx emissions in thephotochemical smog emergency(Number for fiscal year 2001)
Number of photochemicalsmog warnings issued

raising efficiency of denitrification facilities, andNumber of measures taken to
reduce NOx emissions at ourthermal power plants concerned

Forecast

Warning

restricting out put of power and converting to

135

33

26

Water pollution
prevention measures

In-plant waste
water treatment

Thermal discharge
impact reduction

Oil spill prevention

Water Pollution Prevention Measures

In-plant Waste Water
Treatment

Thermal Discharge Impact
Reduction

Oil Spill Prevention

In-plant waste water produced from operations

At thermal and nuclear power stations, turbine

Oil brought in by tankers is unloaded at docking

at thermal power stations contains small

generators are driven by high-pressure, high-facilities on power station sites. To avoid oilamounts of acid, alkali, suspended solids, oil andtemperature steam which is cooled byspills, we use a loading arm, which directly andother substances. Machine cleaning during

seawater in a condenser in order to return it tofirmly connects an intake valve on the pier withannual boiler and turbine overhaul inspections

a liquid state. The temperature rise (thermal

an outlet valve on the tanker.

also produces waste water. All the waste water

discharge) of the seawater is kept at 7ºC or less.

During the unloading of oil, absorbers are kept

is specifically treated based on its respective

In order not to affect sea life, deep-sea intake

on hand, and an oil fence is in place to prevent

condition by using neutralization andand submarine discharge is used, and theiroil from spreading in the rare case that a spill

aggregation/precipitation equipment and oil

locations are carefully selected by theoccurs.

separation equipment for purification. It is thencharacteristics of each station’s location in

When the loading arm is in operation, the area

purified using filtering and adsorption treatment

order to minimize the area in which heatedis under intense surveillance by trained staff. Oil

facilities.

water is dispersed.

retaining dikes are also installed around fuelAlso domestic waste water from employee

tanks to prevent any spilled oil from spreading.

facilities is purified using specifically designed
treatment facilities before being discharged.

Oil fence at unloading dock57

Air Pollution Prevention Measures / Water Pollution Prevention Measuresemergency.

Emergency Measures

Response to Local Environmental Problems
Noise/ Vibration Control Measures/ Obnoxious fume Prevention Measures/Chemical Substances Prevention Measures

Noise/Vibration Control Measures

Obnoxious Fume
Prevention Measures
We deal with the substance ammonia at our

Noise Prevention

Vibration Prevention

In power stations and substations, various

Facilities that may cause vibrations at power

and particulate extraction apparatus anddevices such as draft fans, transformers, turbine

stations and substations are installed on a solid

electrically operated dust chambers. This

generators, and pumps are usually in operation.

base. They are also located as far as possible

equipment functions automatically and works to

To prevent noise, we generally place thesefrom the station's outer boundaries in order tocontinually absorb the appropriate amount offacilities inside buildings. When they must be

minimize vibration levels outside the power

fumes. Ammonia concentrations in the smoke

built outdoors, these facilities are specially

stations.

are kept down to a low level and periodical

power stations, and this gives off noxious fumes.
These ammonia fumes are sucked into smoke

equipped with silencers and soundproof walls tomeasurements of those levels are also carried

minimize noise and are located in isolated

out. These facilities use apparatus that conforms

places in order not to disturb residential areas.

to the technological standards stipulated by“High Pressure Gas Control Law”. Thisequipment is regularly inspected and theappropriate maintenance is carried out toprevent leakage.

Chemical SubstancePrevention Measures
Dioxins

PRTR

Soil contamination

Chemical Substances Prevention Measures■Release, transport and use of PRTR substances (Fiscal 2001)
Use

Substances

PRTR

Quantity
owned(t/yr)

Release (t/yr)

Transported (t/yr)

Public water
area

Soil

Sewerage Waste

Air

2-amino ethanol

Water supply
processing agent

65

＜0.1

0

0

0

0.6

Kansai Electric has been managing chemicalAsbestos(Special type 1 controlled substance)

Piping insulation,
etc.

40

0

0

0

0

40

substances with care for some time. We began

Bisphenol Aepoxy resin

Paint

6.6

0

0

0

0

0

Ethylbenzene

Paint

3.2

3.2

0

0

0

0

we have been publishing our findings in thisXylenePaint, power
generation fuel

80

50

0

0

0

0

report.

Di-chloro-penta-fluoro-propane

Paint

7.3

7.3

0

0

0

0

Styrene

Paint

7.9

0

0

0

0

0

ToluenePaint, power
generation fuel

39

13.0

0

0

0

0

manage chemical substances not only at ourHydrazine

Supply water
treatment

90

0.1

＜0.1

0

＜0.1

＜0.1

facilities but those of affiliates.

BenzenePower generation
fuel

76

＜0.1

0

0

0

0

Trixylenyl phosphate

Power generation
turbine control oil

7.0

0

0

0

0

7.0

Dioxins

Waste incineration

ー

0.030

(mg-TEQ/yr)00voluntary PRTR inspections in 1997 before the
PRTR system * went into effect and, as of 2000,

Kansai Electric has created a register for(HCFC-225)

managing chemical substances subjected to
PRTR Law and is using it to accurately know and

Results from 2001 inspections are shown atright. High release is for ethylbenzene and otherpaints we use to maintain equipment.
Kansai Electric will continue to streamline use ofchemical substances and work to minimize
release into the environment.

(Special type 1 controlled substance)(Special type 1 controlled substance)(mg-TEQ/yr)

7.1(mg-TEQ/yr)* This table omits final owned conditions with type 1 controlled substances (1 t/yr) and special type 1 controlled substance (0.5 t/yr). However, this does not apply to dioxins.
* “0” is indicated when substance was not released.
* “<0.1” indicated release of less than 0.1 t/yr.
* The Release and Transport for dioxins are only for specially designated facilities (e.g., waste incinerators, etc.), so the Quantity owned indicates “-”.

* PRTRThe PRTR (Pollutant Release and Transfer Register)
system requires businesses to identify and report togovernmental authorities the quantity of controlled
substances that they release into the environment, which
the government then discloses to the general public. The
system was enforced with the July 1999 promulgation of
58

94.0

the Bill Concerning Reporting, etc. of Release to theEnvironment of Specific Chemical Substances andPromoting of the Improvements in Their Management.
Under this law, Kansai Electric has had to report togovernmental authorities the known amount of chemical
release and transport every 6 months, since April 2001.

(From WHO-TEF 1998)

SourceSoil Contamination

Released amount
1998

1999

2000

Dioxins are regulated by the Waste Disposal and

1. Release into atmosphere

Public Cleansing Law, and the Law Concerning

General waste incinerators

1,550

1,350

1,019

and Industry, a system of environmental

Special Measures Against Dioxins. These laws

Industrial waste incinerators

1,100

690

555

assessments was introduced for power stations

focus primarily on waste incinerators of an

Small waste incinerators

368〜619307〜509353〜370

in 1997. Kansai Electric has since been

incineration capacity of 50 kg/h or more.

Crematory

2.2〜4.8

2.2〜4.9

2.2〜4.9

investigating soil contamination and is observing

Kansai Electric is working to reduce incineration

Industrially generated
Steelworks electric furnaces

139.9

141.5

131.1

Steelworks sintering processes

113.8

101.3

69.8

Zinc recovery systems

25.4

21.8

26.5

incinerators. In fact, only 35 of the 430

Aluminum alloy manufacture

23.16617.366

16.566

Also, prior to converting land over to other uses,

incinerators that were operating in 1997 are still

Thermal power stations

1.55

1.64

1.71

we do soil tests and take the proper measures

being used.

Other industries

20.4219

12.390912.9877

against contamination as prescribed by the

Moreover, dioxin concentration from these

Cigarette smoke

0.1〜0.2

0.1〜0.2

0.1〜0.2

Environment Agency Regulations on Testing,incinerators is under the regulated level.

Vehicle emissions

1.61

1.61

1.61

Instruction and Operations for Soil and Ground

Furthermore, we conducted voluntary

2. Release into water

12.2

12.3

8.5

Water Pollution.

volume by preventing waste generation andrecycling, while also shutting down many of our

Total

inspections on our thermal power stations andfound the minute amount of dioxins they
released not to have any effect on theenvironment.
We will continue working to reduce the releaseof dioxins by shutting down more incinerators

By order of the Ministry of International Tradeall pertinent laws (Water Pollution Control Law,

3,358〜3,612 2,659〜2,864 2,198〜2,218

Note: Units are g-TEQ/yr.
Ref. : Prepared by Kansai Electric from Records of levels of
Dioxin discharges (Dec. 2001, Ministry of the Environment)■Results of measurements on dioxin
levels in discharged gasses fromthermal power plants in Japan(ng-TEQ/m3N)and properly operating and thoroughlymanaging facilities.

Waste Management and Public Cleansing Law.
PRTR Law, etc.).

And, Kansai Electric is working hard to protect
the environment in accordance with the Soil
Contamination Law that was enacted in May
2005.
As for the planned site for our new power
station in Wakayama, we tested the site

Concentrations in discharged gases

ourselves because it has been used for waste

Oil power

0〜0.0097

landfill. We detected a comparatively high

LNG power

0〜0.0008

concentration of dioxins (max. 25,000 pg-TEQ/g)

Coal power

0〜0.0092

in some of the buried incinerated waste andSource:Record of levels of dioxin discharges (June 2000,
Environmental Agency)
Reference: level of atmospheric concentrations for fiscal year 2000
(Source:was0.0000073-0.001ng-TEQ/m 3 N
Environmental White Paper, fiscal 2002)

sludge. We have sought the advice of experts
and have taken measures to prevent the wastefrom being dispersed in the air or run off bywater. Findings and action have been reported
to governmental authorities and disclosed to the■Results of measurements on dioxin levels in reported facilities anddischarged gases (Fiscal 2001)
Combustion
capacityOver 200kg/h
Waste productincinerator
Over 50kg/h, Less
than 200kg/h

Concentrations of standard value(unit: ng-TEQ/m3N)

general public. In the future, Kansai Electric will

Number of Results of measurements on concentrations
facilities (unit)of dioxins (unit: ng-TEQ/m3N)

510.001 or less80

2

N.D. - 0.015

54

N.D. - 3.8

80

28

0.02 - 17.0

continue seeking the advice of experts and theguidance of governments so as not to effect thesurrounding environment.

N.D. stands for Not Delectable and means that the value is too low to be detected

59

Noise/Vibration Control Measures/Obnoxious fume Prevention Measures/Chemical Substances Prevention Measures■Dioxin release in all Japan

Dioxins

Response to Local Environmental Problems
Harmonizing with
the Local Environments

Harmonizing with the Local Environments

Green zoning
measures

Electric power
facilities in harmony
with the environment

Protection of naturalenvironment

Effective use of
hot water discharge

Harmonizing with the Local Environments

Furthermore, with ecological greening as ourinsects.

theme, we have planted the representative city

In addition, we are also making every effort toflower and city tree at each of our power

create rich, safe and pleasant green areas that

Kansai Electric is helping to build near-natural

stations and have opened these areas up to theeverybody can enjoy in the open spaces aroundforests that are highly effective in preserving theuse of the general public.

our city substations.

environment. To cover the land in forest as

Those efforts of ours have come in for praise,

As at the end of fiscal 2001, we had managed toquickly as possible, we are using an ecologicaland in 1992 the Himeji No. 2 Power Station

create green areas amounting to some 4.12

greening method of planting a dense mix of(thermal power) received the Prime Minister’s

million square meters of space, including thosesaplings of existing species of vegetation.

Award for “excellent green zoning activities”

areas that had been restored as far as possible

As a result, rich forests have grown in green

with the Kainan Power Station (thermal power)

to their original condition after being altered.

tracts of many sites and have now become thereceiving the Trade and Industry Minister’shome to all kinds of wildlife and insects.

Award in 1995.

Our work was announced at International

Moreover, so that the people living around our

Association of Vegetation Science Symposium

power stations might enjoy the green areas theyin Germany in July 2001 where the “ecologicalprovide, we are also working to create an

greening method” we used was highly

environment that will be suitable as a habitat for

Thermal power stations

34%

evaluated for afforestation and planting.

dragonflies, lightning bugs and other such

Nuclear power stations

79%

Substations

32%

Green Zoning Measures

Ecological greening (Ako Power Station)

Building a brook for lightning bugs
(Himeji No. 1 Power Station)■Rate of greening at main electric power
facilities (As at end of fiscal 2001)

Green space in open area around city substation(Uehonmachi Substation)

Rooftop Greening◆Kansai Electric Hospital◆Head Office

A garden (approx. 100 m2) with trees and an

On the third floor of Kansai Electric’s Headarbor was created on the rooftop of the Kansai

Office is a small rooftop greening where

Electric Hospital. A path allows visitors to stroll

evergreen oaks and camellias have been

by beds of seasonal flowers even on

growing since 1975. It makes for a refreshingwheelchair, and there are benches for relaxing.

view in the tight space between buildings.

The garden is used for walking rehabilitation andmeeting people.

Rooftop greening at Kansai Electric Hospital

Rooftop greening at Kansai Electric’s Head Office60

Joint Research in Rooftop Greening Systems(OG Kanden Joint Planning)

Attention has turned to rooftop gardens as one
way to save energy in buildings and lessen theheat-island effect of inner-city areas. Group
company OG Kanden Joint Planning is studying
the possibilities of rooftop greening technologies
as a joint project with Osaka Gas. Symbiotic
technology that Kansai Electric and Osaka Gas
have can be used to actively absorb nutrients andwater in soil and transfer them to plants so thatthey grow healthy and strong in weak soil.
Symbiosis can help plants take root in harshenvironments. It is a hopeful technology forincreasing the development of rooftop gardens
and improving city environments.

Harmonizing with the Local Environments

To p ics■Research into rooftop greening systems
R&D Targets

Topics with Existing Technologies●Poor rooting●Short lived vegetation●Improved rooting●Longer living plants

Limited plants only

Less maintenancerequired

Greater variety of plants
Environmental stress of rooftop gardens●High temperature under exposure to sun●Dry ●Windy

Stress resistance: Weak

Stress resistance: Strong

Shallow roots→Insufficient nutrient and water absorption

Improved rooting→Improved nutrient and water absorption

Shallow soil layer
because of weight restrictions
Existing rooftop
greening technology

Electric Power Facilities in
Harmony with the Environment

Symbiotic greening technology

Furthermore, our Sakaigawa power station built
in Kamitaira, Toyama, is designed to look likethe steep rafter roof houses in the area thatPower Station as an Area Symbol Mark

have been named UNESCO World Heritages.

Our Nanko Power Station has a monument-

Kansai Electric cares about the surrounding

looking smokestack that is well-known as theenvironment and is taking steps to harmonize“Symbol Tower”. Driven by solar cells, it lights

our infrastructure with the beautiful scenery.

up different colors as the seasons go by. The
smokestack of No. 5 and 6 Units of our Himeji
No. 1 Power Station is also something of a

Nanko Power
Stationlandmark in the bay area as special lighting
effects and a flashing strobe signal tidal level, airtemperature and time of day.
These efforts won Kansai Electric the below
award.

SpringHimeji No. 1 Power Station

Summer■Awards won by power stations
PowerstationAward● Color Prize for Public Utilities (Japan Color
Laboratory)

Nanko●International Illumination Design Award (North
America Illumination Institute)

Autumn●Good Design Institution (Ministry of International
trade and Industry)

Himeji No. 1 ●Urban Spectacle Award (Himeji City Government)

Sakaigawa Power Station
Winter61

Response to Local Environmental Problems
Harmonizing with the Local Environments

Substation Designs in Harmony
with Surrounding City Buildings

Eco-friendly Utility Towers andPower Lines

Burying Cables Helps Maintain
Scenery

At substations, radiators and other equipment

When rigging overhead power lines, if towers

With buried cables, we have two basic

are hidden from view and trees are planted toare located near to natural parks, Kansai

positions – to streamline cables in a way

enhance the landscape. The design and color of

Electric dims the brightness of the metal bysuitable for electricity use and to design

the buildings are also coordinated withpainting the towers a dark brown. We also run

systems to match the cityscape. This meanssurroundings.

low reflective cables so as to obscure ourselecting aboveground infrastructure that

For example, the Hoshida Substation (Katanopresence as much as possible and prevent

compliments the forms and colors of the inner-

City, Osaka), which is in a residential area, hasglare.

city without sacrificing our primary

been designed as a low building with the

responsibility of providing a stable supply of

external appearance of a residential house inpower. Through a trilateral cooperative effort

order to blend in with the local environment.

with road authorities and cable companies(group communication company, etc.), Kansai
Electric is our pulling strengths together tocome up with designs that match thepeculiarities of local areas.

Hoshida Substation

Reduced Area Required for
Substations by Using GIS

Low brightness utility tower
Underground power lines (The area around Osaka
International Conference Center)

Reducing the area of a substation not only
reduces the amount land needed to prepare thesite but also promotes a greater coexistencewith the natural environment. Kansai Electric

To p i cs

A Shopping Arcade Reborn

has been successful in reducing substation area
demand by using gas insulated switches (GIS).
A GIS is an electric device such as a breaker
sealed in SF6 gas. It is entirely housed in a metal
casing, so it is smaller than conventional airinsulated devices. Using them, Kansai Electrichas greatly reduced the area of our substations
and, because the overall device is smaller andlighter, we can use the freed up area forplanting, which helps the substation blend inbetter with the surrounding environment.

Nose Substation

62

The Ginza-dori shopping arcade in Tanabe,
Wakayama, stood along a narrow road with nosidewalks despite its booming business andpopularity. With passing cars posing a threat topedestrians, there was an urgent need to ensure
traffic safety.
So, Kansai Electric’s Tanabe office got involved inearnest discussions with Tanabe City and thearcade, and a project was launched by the threeparties to bury power lines.
As a result, the landscape was beautified and thearcade was reborn as a bustling center of activity.
Both the arcade merchants and local residents
greatly appreciated the redevelopment work.
Also, because Kansai Electric has contributed toroad development with excellent projects such as
this, the company was given a Special
Commendation at the All Japan Road Competitionby the Land, Infrastructure and Transportation
Ministry in June 2001.

BeforeAfter

Protection of Natural
Environment

Protection of Endangered Wildlife
When ground preparation for a power station
threatens endangered wildlife, Kansai ElectricHigh voltage overhead cables are strung in all

moves to protect this wildlife by taking

residential districts, between mountains, etc. In

The Area of Undeveloped Land to
Be Modified and its Reduction

mountainous areas, there is a particular concern

We are doing everything we can to conserve the

One such case happened in Maizuru while

about abrasion; rubbing against trees can erode

natural environment in the construction of ourbuilding a power station, it was discovered thatthe sheathing and, in worse cases, start a fire or

power stations by keeping the area of land to be

an extremely rare species of plant, theelectrically shock someone. To avoid this, trees

developed and trees to be removed down to a

Epimedium sempervirens, was growing in area

are periodically cut down in areas near to power

minimum.

that was to be zoned. So, Kansai Electriclines. However, in city areas where greenery is a

For example, we have the Maizuru Powerdecided to transplant it into a natural forest on

major issue, we cannot simply cut down trees

Station, a thermal power station, under

the premises of the power station and watchedthat threaten our cables. That is why Kansai

construction in Maizuru City in Kyoto Prefecture.

it grow from there.

Electric developed an abrasion-resistant

There, part of the land to be used is designatedinsulated cable that ups insulation performanceas Wakasa-wan Quasi National Park. We haveagainst contact with trees. Fortunately, we havetaken advantage of the topographicalbeen able to fell less trees, which is good way toundulations of the site to undertake a two-tierprotect them.

construction. At the same time, by using silokinds of environments – downtown areas,

conservation measures.

storage towers for coal we have managed to■Abrasion-resistant insulated cable

greatly reduce the area of sea needed forreclamation and land to be altered.

Conductor
Insulator
Abrasion signal layer(Yellow)
Abrasive layer
Abrasion-resistant layer

Wider

Moreover, we aim to keep the amount of
deforestation to the minimum by preserving

Epimedium sempervirens

some of the existing trees and tangerineWith regard to hydropower stations, we have

Reduced Use of Rain Forest
Lumberthe Kaneihara power station that will straddle

Reducing the use of machineries made of rainorchards.

Ikagun Kinomoto town in Shiga Prefecture andforest lumber is one way to protect the world’s

Ibi-gun Sakauchimura in Gifu Prefecture. Here,tropical rain forests against destruction. To put

part of the planned site and its surrounding area

this idea to work, Kansai Electric switched fromare designated as belonging to Ibi Prefectural

wood to metallic and metal frames used inPark and are rich in natural beauty. Therefore,

construction work.

an underground design has been chosen for thewaterway and power station itself, with part of
the road being contained in a tunnel. This will
help reduce the area of land that will have to bealtered and keep the impact on the local
environment and wildlife down to a minimum.

Metal frames used to erect a coal silo at the Maizuru
power station

63

Harmonizing with the Local Environments

Protecting Trees with Abrasionresistant Insulated Cable

Response
to Local Environmental Problems
地域環境問題への対応
Harmonizing
with the Local Environments
地域との調和Effective Use of Hot Water
Discharge
Using thermal discharge from thermal and nuclear
power stations, we have been cultivating fish andyoung shellfish with regional characteristics suchas Kuruma prawn and abalone and conducting
research on their growth. We are working toestablish such technology and verify theeffectiveness and safety of thermal discharge. In

Kuruma prawn (Tanagawa No. 2 Power Station,
Miyazu Energy Research Center)

addition to utilizing the technologies we havedeveloped, we are also releasing cultivated fishand shellfish into the ocean, thus helping topromote the local fishery industries.
Also, using the heat energy of thermal discharge
and a heat pump, we are growing orchids at the
Takahama power station and, at our Miyazu
Energy Research Center, test-farming flowers andvegetables found at the core of the local
agricultural industry. We are also testing
proportions for a soil mix made of waste rockwool, fermenting drift wood collected from dam

Abalone fixed to oyster
shells and released(Takahama Power Station)sites and shells. By caring and applying science,
Kansai Electric is helping to promote local
agriculture.

Inspection of strawberry cultivation by related localgroups and farmers(Miyazu Energy Research Center)■Current situation with regard to experimentation and research
Location of activity
Takahama Power Station (1977〜)

Tanagawa No.2 Power Station (1977〜)

Fish and shellfish were released into the sea aroundthe power station as an experiment in breeding andfarming

Miyazu Energy Research Center (1989〜)

Cumulative total released
Total release into
nearby sea area
(cumulative)

Fisheries related
Farming related

64Type of activity

Black abalone
Turbo

800,000
200,000

PrawnsWhite shrimps

34,000,000
64,000,000

Black abalone
Prawns600,000
12,000,000

Takahama Power Station (1979〜)

Experiment in breeding temperate zone plant life●orchids : phalaenopsis, etc

Loaned to public facilities for exhibitions

Miyazu Energy Research Center (1989〜)

Experiment in adapted breeding of plant life
●Ornamental plants: Turkish Bellflower, etc.
●Vegetables: strawberries, etc.

Distributed to visitors viewing harvest

Ⅴ
Projects and Activities for a Recycling-Based Society
Kansai Electric is promoting recycle projects and activities
through initiatives such as our “3 R’s” (reduce, reuse andrecycle) program and green purchasing, while still otheractivities are underway for a midrange goal of completely
eliminating waste for landfill.

Chapter 5 Contents

66 Promotion of Measures Concerned with the Recycle of Resources
66 Working on the “3 R’s”
66 Examples of Effective Resource Use
71 Promotion of Green Purchasing
72 Energy Conservation and Resource Saving Activities with Office Supplies
72 Reduced Use of Electricity and Water
72 Reduction in Exhaust Gases from Vehicles
73 Measures of Radioactive Waste Treatment
73 Monitoring and Measuring of Radioactivity and Radioactive Materials
74 Management of Radioactive Waste
76 Recycling of Used Fuel Pluthermal Plan

65

Projects and Activities for a Recycling-Based Society
Promotion of Measures Concerned with the Recycle of Resources

Promotion of Measures Concerned with the Recycle of Resources
Working on the “3 R’s” -- Reduce, Reuse and Recycle

Examples of Effective Resource Use

3R'sbeen reducing industrial waste generation and

The Production of andRecycling of Industrial Waste

recycling and reusing resources. The waste we

The volume of industrial waste created in thecannot reuse is disposed of properly. Kansai

fiscal year 2001 came to approximately 64,000t,

Working Towards ZERO Emission

Electric will continue promoting the “3 R’s” withshowing a reduction of 10% compared to the

At the Himeji No. 1 and 2 Power Station, we areeven greater thrust as our part in the formation

previous year. Furthermore, the recycled

applying the 3 R’s initiative to waste generated

of a recycling-based society.

resource ratio has maintained a high, 87%.

by the facility with the goal of eliminating waste

Already for some time now, Kansai Electric has

ReduceReduce waste by using less resources,using longer-lasting supplies, etc.

discharge entirely. More specifically, we set up
a “waste sorting station”, are looking into new

Midrange Target

recycling techniques and modified operation to

To completely eliminate the generation
landfill waste

reduce waste. Progress has been good enoughA few of ways Kansai Electric is reducingthat the initiative has been taken up at theresource consumption are by designing

Kainan Power Station, too.

longer-lasting power generation and■ Production and reuse as a newtransmission infrastructure, prolonging

resource of industrial waste

replacement intervals, downsizing equipment
so that less resources are required to make it,

Reuse
Reuse products and parts.
Kansai Electric is working to effectively utilize

189
90

92

88
90

89
80

(Thousands of t)
200

179

90

88

88

167

84

87

132

109
70

100

101
71
64

60
0

93

150

140

94

95

96

97

98

99

00

50

Amount of waste (bar chart)and simplifying packaging.

Recycling rate (line graph)using prefabricated construction techniques

（%）
100

0
01 (Fiscal year)

Waste sorting station

resources by using reusable power generationand transmission equipment, and salvaging
and repeatedly using replaceable machinery.

RecycleWaste water
treatment sludge 2%
Insulator
scraps 2%

The dust and desulfurized gypsum produced asa byproduct of burning heavy crude at ourthermal power stations are being used as
cement filler, fuel and construction material.

Other
10%
Plaster sludge
25%

Waste oil7%

Recycle resources and heat.
Heavy/
crude
oil ashes
4%

Effective Use of Soil Excavatedfor a Substation

looking everywhere to find ways to reduce
waste generation and then, with the waste that

Metal scraps
26%

for construction. Some of the waste we export

concrete from unusable concrete utility poles

overseas is used to make valves.

as aggregate for roadbeds. In fact, we recycle

Kansai Electric’s “3 R’s” initiativewas commended with the
Chairman’s Award (11 total) of
the Reduce, Reuse and Recycle
Promotional Committee.
Award in fiscal 2001
● Development of recyclable low
voltage vinyl insulated cable● Effective use of excavated soil,
lumber, etc.
● Recycling of drift wood, pruned
branches, etc.
(Activity of affiliate)66

is unavoidably produced, employing ourselves torecycle it as building material or crushed stone

Kansai Electric has also diverted waste

almost all of it.

all sorts of waste like excavated soil, fallen trees
and concrete. For that reason, Kansai Electric is

Total emission
64 thousand t
Waste
concrete fromtelegraph poles24%

In preparing the ground for a substation, there’s

Industrial waste
Plaster sludge
Waste water
treatment sludge
Heavy/crude oil ashes
Waste oil
Metal scraps
Waste concrete fromtelegraph poles
Insulator scraps

Recycling rate
100%
76%
100%
73%
97%

Main uses for recycling
Construction materials
Ingredient for cement
Rare metals recovery
Fuel, other
Metal recovery

100%
54%

Road materials

Excavated soil and fallen trees from ground work being
reused for construction

Reduce

Reuse
Repeated Use of Power Meters

In order to prevent loss from heat dispersal atcustomers in our service area to measure theReusing Equipment As Yet
Another Way to Effectively Use
Resources

our thermal power stations, we are covering all

amount of electricity they consume.

Six retired gas turbines from our power stations

our valves and pipes with insulation material.

After a certain tenure of service, we replace thehave been shipped to the USA where they are

We used to have to break up and dismantle such

power meter for our customers. Because of thestill being used effectively to generatematerial on each valve and pipe inspection.

need to effectively use resources, Kansai

electricity.

Therefore, we have started to use block

Electric checks and repairs the replaced power

insulation material that can be dismantled piecemeters and returns them to service. In fact,by piece, allowing for reuse. This helps us to cut

some 1.1 million meters every year are returned

down on the creation of waste from insulation

to service.

materials and to effectively use our resources.

Kansai Electric is doing the same with some 530

About 11 million power meters are used by

Promotion of Measures Concerned with the Recycle of Resources

Changing Over to Block
Insulation Materials

other types of equipment. We are fixing them up
and putting them right back into use.

Gas turbine with a second reused on life

We are also looking to employ other equipmentfrom 15 shutdown small output power stations ofours in stations that are either running or underconstruction.
Insulation material for piping at power station■ Equipment for reuse(representative examples)
Check and repair of power meters

Development of Low Power
Medium Intensity AircraftWarning Light
Standing more than 60 m tall, utility towers arenecessarily equipped with lights to make themvisible to aircraft. Amongst them, incandescentbulbs have been used for these light source of
red flashing light of medium intensity in the past.
Kansai Electric developed a long-lasting light oflow power consumption using a high brightnessreflecting LED as the light source.

Control equipment

Electrical and Circuit breakers
centermeter type Control
Operation command units, etc.
Machinery

Development of Vegetable
Oil Transformer

type

House boilers, Air conditioners
Electrically powered fire fighting pumps
Electrically powered hoists, valves, etc.

This vegetable oil transformer uses ester oil fromrapeseed as the insulating oil. The Vegetable oil
contains no sulfur and readily breaks down into
harmless substances, thereby placing minimalload on the environment. Vegetable oil alsodelivers a better insulating effect than mineral oil
and it has enabled us to downsize thetransformer.

Medium intensity aircraft warning lightof low power consumption

Vegetable oil transformer

67

Projects and Activities for a Recycling-Based Society
Promotion of Measures Concerned with the Recycle of Resources

RecycleMaking Water-permeable
Pavement from Insulator Scraps

New Red Bricks

Whenever power equipment needs repairing,

scraps from our thermal power stations andthere is always a lot of ceramic scraps fromindustrial waste from businesses andbroken insulators. Kansai Electric launched R&D

governments. Using special solidification

into finding effective ways to utilize this insulator

technology, the bricks are formed to a hardness

scraps. As a result, since 1993, this waste hasthat clears safety regulations of the Ministry of

been used to make water-permeable pavements

the Environment without baking (Eco Markthat are effective towards cooling down the heatapproved). In October 2001, Kyosei Co., Ltd. ofisland phenomenon seen in urban areas and it

the Kansai Electric Group started business in therequires little energy to produce. Since 1995,

new bricks making and selling 600,000 in 2001.

other products using the insulator scraps have

The bricks have been used in both public andbeen on sale such as bright-colored asphalt thatprivate constructions. Dischargers and users

keeps road surfaces from getting hot in summer

will build a recycle network in the future to

and wears down little in winter under the abusepromote new business opportunities.

This unbaked red brick is made 80% of insulator

Seemingly warm walkway utilizing unbaked bricks(The area around JR Nishinomiya Station)of snow chains.

■ Effective use of red bricks made from waste
Government,
business, etc.
Waste
byproduct

Project Image

Recycled
product

Intermediate
processing

Water-permeable pavement from insulator scraps(Amagasaki Techno-land)

Introduction of Shell Compactor

KyoseiCo., Ltd.
Generalconsumermarket(HC, gardening)

Unbakedsolidified
product(Resources)

Landfillsite

The water gates of thermal and nuclear power
plants have to be periodically cleaned of

Red Brickadhering and deposited shells. So, Kansai

Made 80% of
recycled resources“Azzan Brix”

Electric introduced equipment that crushes theshells, drains them and very efficiently compacts
the volume to minimize the amount of waste. The
compacted shell matter is being used wisely as

Developing Ways to Recycle
Power Transmission Equipment
These past few years have seen a number of

fertilizer and in other ways.

recycling laws enacted and diverse industrial
sectors establishing their own recycle systems
for the advent of truly recycling-based society.
In November 2000, the Electric Technology
Research Association consisting of powercompanies, manufacturers and academic
scholars launched a special committee on
recycle technology for power transmission
equipment, which is researching ways to reduce
Shell compactor

environmental load across the entire life of
power transmission equipment from raw
material

excavationtomanufacture,

construction, operation, takedown and resource
Before compacting

68

After compacting

recycling.

Recycle
Recycling PCB Waste
technology that generates no combustion gas

a high concentration of PCB, we will study plans

equipment like transformers, was discovered to

and which was highly evaluated by authorities

to adequately treat the PCB by the deadline

be harmful after an outbreak of Kanemi oil

as a practical application. Ultimately, withspecified in the law.

disease in 1968. Since that time, it has been

amendments to the Waste Disposal Law in 1998,

regulated and careful handling is mandatory by

the technology was approved for treating PCB.

law. Kansai Electric keeps it in a special storage

We are building facilities to apply thisfacility.

technology to utility pole transformers which

In 1976, the Waste Disposal Law recognizedcarry a low concentration of PCB. As for highdisposal of PCB by high temperature

voltage transformers and condensers that haveincineration only, but much wasn’t incinerated

Promotion of Measures Concerned with the Recycle of Resources

PCB, an insulating material used with electric

PCB
Now, PCB is a controlled substance. In 1972,
the government ordered the stop of all
production and use. In 1974, with theenactment of the Law Concerning the
Examination and Regulation of Manufacture,etc. of Chemical Substances, it became

for a long time. Then, Kansai Electric and groupprohibited to make, import or even use PCB incompany Kansai Tech Corporation jointly

Japan so PCB has to be kept under strict

developed original chemical processing

control.
In July 2001, the Special Measures Law on the■ PCB stockpile (The end of March 2002)

Promotion of Proper Treatment of PCB was

High voltage transformers
and condensers

5,416

Utility pole transformers

Approx. 160,000

enacted, which built a nation-wide system toconstructively promote the treatment of PCB.
PCB waste storage facility

TopicsRecycling with Original Technology (Recycle Centerfor Utility Pole Transformers)

Kansai Electric has planned the construction of arecycle center to recover and detoxify the insulating
oil in utility pole transformers, which contains though infinitesimal - PCB, and recycle it. We
received approval to build the facilities from Osaka
City in February 2002, as prescribed by the Waste
Disposal and Public Cleansing Law.
We are now constructing the center.

■ Overview of plans
Name
Location
Site area

Recycle Center for Utility Pole Transformers

Targeted
waste

Insulating oil and case of utility poletransformers (Contains minute quantity of PCB.)

Major
facilities

Insulating oil
recycle plant

Case of utility poletransformers recycle plant

TreatmeTreatmentntmethodmethodBreakdown bydechlorination (Organic
alkaline metal
decomposition, t-BuOK)

Hot water
blasting, solvent
washing

1-2 Umemachi, Konohana-ku, Osaka
Approx. 9,000 m
m22

Operating time Continuous 24 hr
Artist's conception of the planned recycle center

Daytime 8 hr

Treatment capacity Approx. 36 k /day Approx. 96 unit/day
2003 2003
Planned startup Fiscal

69

Projects and Activities for a Recycling-Based Society
Promotion of Measures Concerned with the Recycle of Resources / Promoting of Green Purchasing

RecycleRecovering Drift Wood from
Hydropower Stations
Wood carried downriver to the water intake of ourhydropower plants is being collected and sorted in
an attempt to effectively utilize the wood, grass
and leaves.
A driftwood recycle plant in Nakatsugawa City,
Gifu, is processing drift wood and other debris
collected and sorted by our hydropower station

Working at the driftwood recycle plant

along the Kiso River, into products that can beeffectively utilized by people in the local area.
■ Recycle flow of driftwood collected at hydropower station

Substitute litter for livestock
SawdustProcessing

Soil improving agent, etc.
Charcoal

Driftwood

Chips
Processing
Grass and leaves

TopicsFertilizer, etc.

○○
○○
肥料
肥料 ○○
肥料

Grass chips

Recycle Project for Dam-collected Driftwood, etc. (Kanden EL-Farm)Group company Kanden EL-Farm (established■ Kanden EL-Farm business modelin January, 2000) was the first venture born

[Unused Natural Resources]from Kansai Electric’s Entrepreneurial

Dam driftwood, grass and leaves,thinning waste, pruning waste

Opportunity System. They are recycling wood

Waste treatment

and leaves collected by dams, fallen lumber in
the area, wood waste from forest thinningand other organic waste as part of abioregion project. Their R&D efforts have led

Soil
Farm

Kanden EL-Farm’s business model
was given the Good Design Award.

[EL-Farm]
Bioregion1

to a series of recycled driftwood products[Local Area]such as soil improving agent (EL-compo) andRecyclecultured soil (EL-Farm 2). Another strongselling product of theirs is the EL-Pianta Soil improving agent, cultured soil
gardening pot set. Kanden EL-Farm will(EL-compo, EL-Farm 2)

continue to apply the technology and knowhow of the Kansai Electric Group to
developing the recycle business.

Planting base
(EL-Farm 1)

Livestock litter
Fertilizer material(EL-Chip)70(EL-Wood)

Promoting of Green Purchasing
TopicsConstructive
Participation in Local
Community Activities(Mihama PS)

For some time now, Kansai Electric has been

Power Generation Equipment

purchasing energy-efficient electric vehicles,

Kansai Electric sent a questionnaire onenergy-saving equipment like low-loss

environmental protection activities to 160 maintransformers, and eco-label products. However,suppliers (manufacturers with 350 businessin fiscal 1999, these efforts were converted into

sites) and, based on the results, established

a company-wide activity under a new policy ofguidelines on power generation equipment inpromote green purchasing. Every month, they

Green Purchasing Promotion Policy.

June 2002 to broaden our promotion of green

report their green purchasing and releasepurchasing.

related information, and they have joined thePromotion of Measures Concerned with the Recycle of Resources / Promoting of Green Purchasing

Office Supplies

One of major points of environmental
activities at the Mihama Power Station is toGreen Purchase Fukui Net in Fukui. From their

In April 2001, company efforts to protect the

Cooperation with Outside Groups

aggressive efforts, green purchasing rate inenvironment through green purchasing were

Amidst various efforts inside the company,

2001 was about 70% for stationary and 100%

given a boost as Kansai Electric establishedKansai Electric has established relations withfor copy paper.

Green Purchasing Guidelines and set company-

outside groups such as Kansai Economic

They are also doing extensive PR about green

wide purchasing targets.

Federation and Green Purchase Network (GPN).

purchasing, including introducing the concept

Kansai Electric also reported company green

to cooperating companies. We can lookpurchasing activities at the 2001 Green

forward to the Mihama Power Station

Purchasing Forum in Osaka sponsored by GPN.

developing even more their green purchasing■ Green purchases (percentage) and company-wide targets
Item

Purchased

TargetCopy paper

100％

100％

Stationary

51％

50％

Officeequipment

100％

100％

activities.

*Percentages were computed against the number of items. (Fiscal 2001)◆Work Clothes
Kansai Electric adopted uniforms of a fabric

TopicsGreen Purchasing of Recycled Products
in a Closed Recycle System

made from recycled plastic bottles.
Insulating effect, strength and comfort wereRetiring power transmission equipment generates

confirmed in 2000 through quality tests and trial

a large volume of waste plastic in the form ofuse (Eco Mark acquired). The uniforms werecable sheathing and conduit. The waste is being

adopted for all sales offices and power plants inrecycled into new sheathing, conduit and drums

2001 and Kansai Electric purchased 10,000 ofthem.

spools for wire, which Kansai Electric ispurchasing.
To make this effort work, Kansai Electric is doing
LCA (life cycle assessments) that examine the◆Vehicles

environmental impact of products throughout theIn addition to introducing electric vehicles,

entire life cycle of the product from design to

Kansai Electric is switching over from gas anddiesel vehicles to low emission vehicles whenit’s time to renew leases. In 2001, we did this■ Recycled equipment

Cablesdiscard.
■ Waste plastic recycling scheme
Purchase

RetiredConduits

Kansai Electricwith 140 of the 340 vehicles that were replaced.

Waste plastic●Sheathing●Conduit,etc.

In the future, we will continue to pursue thiscourse of replacing our fleet with low emission
vehicles and introducing hybrid vehicles as well.

Supplies products

Recovery

Manufacturer(Recycling)

Processing company(Recycles resources)
Supplies recycle
materials

Drum spools

71Projects and Activities for a Recycling-Based Society
Energy Conservation and Resource Saving Activities with Office Supplies / Measures of Radioactive Waste Treatment

Energy Conservation and Resource Saving Activities with Office Supplies
Reduced Use of Electricity and Water
Electricity and water are indispensable to• Water for daily use is piped to a reusable water

everyday operations, but at business sites,tank after being cleaned and used to irrigate

Kansai Electric is using resources carefully andgreen areas within the power stations.

consolidating efforts to reduce use.

• Waste water that has already been finallyFurthermore, waste water produced on theprocessed is piped to a reusable waste waterpremises of our power stations is recycled tostorage facility to be used in the desulfurization

facilitate effective use and help keepprocess.

■ Flow of main waste water
Desulfurizationequipment

Waste waterfrom plant
Waste waterfrom daily use

General waste water
processing plant

consumption down.

Waste water fromdesulfurization equipment

The following are some of our main efforts in thisarea:Green area
irrigation water

TopicsWhat the Little Man Can Do

Kurobegawa Power Office

Akashi OfficeKansai Electric’s Kurobegawa Power Office,Kansai Electric’s Akashi Office is trying towhich earned ISO14001 certification in February

reduce water use by sprinkling less water on the

2002, is working to reduce electricity use at thesolar printemps unit and installing a imitation

station. Each department has set its own targets.

sound unit for toilets. Yet, the best effort of all

Now, before leaving the office and during lunch

comes from the individual employees. All sorts

break, computers and lights are turned off andof opportunities are being used such as in-house

air-conditioners are appropriately set. Ande-mail, to provide information and raise

periodically,

managers

awareness of conservation and the(department manager or control room manager)

environmental

environment. As a result, the office saved 9.5%

makes checks, to make sure everyone is(433 m3) more water in fiscal 2001 from a year

working hard to attain their targets.

earlier.

Reduction in Exhaust Gases from Vehicles
The staff that drive our company vehicles aretrained to check the air pressure in the tires
before they set off. This means that the vehicles
will consume less fuel when they are moving.
We also encourage our drivers not to leave theirengines running when they park somewhere or
temporarily stop. Additionally, they try to becareful when they park so as not to obstruct
other vehicles. In this way, they avoid causing
traffic congestion, and this helps avoid the
production of excess exhaust gas.
The following shows the amount of fuelconsumed in running vehicles for the fiscal year
2001:

72

■ Amount of fuel consumed in runningvehicles and CO2 emissions
Type of Volume consumed Distance driven Volume of CO2(In thousands of km) emissions (t-CO2)
fuel
(k )
Gasoline

3,761

36,766

8,689

Light oil

1,159

7,726

3,061

Solar printemps unit

Waste waterreuse facility

Waste
water
Reusablewater tank

Measures of Radioactive Waste Treatment
Monitoring and Measurement of Radioactivity and Radioactive Materials
In order to make sure that the amounts of■ Level of radiation encountered in daily life

power stations do not reach a level where they

2.4 Natural dose per person (annual)

may become a problem, radiation and・0.38 from space
・0.46 from the earth
・0.24 from food・1.3 from radon and other such airborne substances

Natural radiation

radioactive materials are monitored.
We keep the volume of radioactive wastetransferred from our nuclear power stations well
below regulatory levels, therefore exposure in
the surrounding public area is less than 0.001

ImpactEffective dose
equivalent(milli-sieverts)

10

1

0.1

0.01

Below 0.001

0.3

mSv/yr. This value is far below the approx. 2.4
mSv/yr that the same public area is exposed to

Dose equivalentfrom nuclear plant
Chest X-ray
1.0(once per year)
Dose limit for general public (annual)(excluding exposure for medical purposes)

Artificial radiation

by natural radiation.

6.9
Chest X-ray by
CT scan■ Evaluation value of radiation in the power station surrounding area

(Milli-Sieverts per year)

Power Station

Fiscal 1997

Fiscal 1998

Fiscal 1999

Fiscal 2000

Fiscal 2001

Mihamabelow 0.001

below 0.001

below 0.001

below 0.001

below 0.001

Takahama

below 0.001

below 0.001

below 0.001

below 0.001

below 0.001

Ohi

below 0.001

below 0.001

below 0.001

below 0.001

below 0.001

Sievert: Unit denoting degree of impact of radioactivity on human body

■ Monitoring Points
Mihama PS
OkuuraExtremity ofpeninsula

Takahama PS
Ohi PS
Units 3 & 4 Water
Ohtaniguchi
discharge
intakegate
Kujiradani
SE border of Guard post Water
property
intakeTakahama Area

Sugahama
HirugaHayaseEL Park Ohi

Tai Takahama PS
Hibiki
Otoumi
Fishing Port
KonouraOguruiWada

Ohi PS

Nyu Medical
ClinicNyu dormitory

Nyu bridge Mihama PS
Takanami Shrine

Ohi Area
Monitoring post

Mihama Area

Sada

GoichiShinjoKatami

OshimaCommunity Center
Kato

MikataNishizu
N

Aogo Takahama
Yushiodai

Hongo
ShikanoKawakami

Obama
Kaminaka
0

5

10km

Natasho73

Energy Conservation and Resource Saving Activities with Office Supplies / Measures of Radioactive Waste Treatment

radiation produced in the running of our nuclear

Projects and Activities for a Recycling-Based Society
Measures of Radioactive Waste Treatment

Management of Radioactive Waste
Radioactive waste is generated in the running ofdried, thickened and filtered. The resulting

hardened and checked for conformity witha nuclear power station, but Kansai Electric

distilled water is reused, while radioactive

national regulations, and then buried

carefully manages this waste and works hard to

substances are monitored to ensure they are ofunderground in the Rokkasho-mura Center forminimize any effects to the environment.

sufficiently low concentration and then released

low level radioactive material.

Gaseous waste produced at our nuclear power

into the sea from the discharge gate. Also, theThough some of the gaseous and liquid waste is

stations is stored in a tank to attenuate thethickened liquor that is leftover is solidified withtreated and released into the environment, theradioactivity. It is then filtered so that radioactiveasphalt and packed in drum cans. These drum

radioactive material in it is sufficiently below

substances are of sufficiently low concentrationcans and others containing solid waste that has

regulatory levels.

before being released from the smokestack.

been reduced in volume by compressing andAnd, of course, we are monitoring forincineration are placed safely in a storage

radioactivity the whole time. Liquid waste isfacility. As necessary, this solid waste is■ Discharge of Radioactive Gaseous and Liquid Waste materials

Gaseous
Waste
Products(Becquerels)

Power Station fiscal 1997 fiscal 1998 fiscal 1999 fiscal 2000 fiscal 2001
Mihama1.6×1010
1.7×1011
2.3×1011
1.4×1010
1.9×1011
11
11
10
11
Takahama 3.7×10
4.2×10
4.0×10
1.6×10
1.8×1010
11
11
10
11
Ohi
6.1×101.2×10
5.7×10
1.5×1010
4.3×10Mihama2.4×106
3.2×106
3.2×105
9.9×104
1.8×106
Takahama 3.8×106
9.9×105
2.7×105
2.7×105
1.8×105Ohi
1.2×105
1.6×105
1.6×105
2.7×105
8.6×105
N.D.
N.D.
N.D.
N.D.
N.D.
Mihama
N.D.
N.D.
N.D.
Takahama
N.D.
N.D.
N.D.
N.D.
N.D.
N.D.
N.D.
Ohi

Rare
Gases

LodineLiquid Waste
Products(except Tritium)(Note 1) Becquerels are units which denote the depletion of one atomic nucleus per second in radioactive material(Note 2) N.D. stands for Not Delectable and means that the value is too low to be detected■ Method for processing of radioactive waste
Ventilation of rooms
Gaseous material
contained in coolant

Stored in tank and radioa
ctivity sufficiently depleted

Gas
Contaminatedwater from washingof work clothing

LiquidStoredin tank

Radioactive particles
passed through liquid
filter and removed
Ion
exchangeresinPrimary coolant

Particles and gases passed
through gaseous filter tocapture and remove radioactive
material

Equipment for dealing withcontaminated water from washing

透過水filtered water
Ion
Concentrated
exchange resin
Evaporated
liquidwater
Evaporated andRadiationlevel check

Expelledfrom flue

Radiationlevel check

Stored intankconcentrated

Water from othermiscellaneous sources

Evaporated andconcentrated

Ion exchange
Concentrated
Reuse
liquidresin
Evaporated water
Evaporated water

Concentrated
liquidSolidification equipment (asphalt, cement)

Put into
drums
Put into
drums

Filter for liquid material
Paper, rags, polythene sheeting,work clothes and other such inflammable material

Seaweed,grasses

Incinerator

Exhaustfumes

Safelychecks bymeans ofsurveys,metersPut into
drums

Hot air→
Ash from
incinerator
Used ion exchange resin

Bury at Rokkasho-muraCenter, Aomori.

Fill with mortar

Waste resin
treatment system

Stored in tank

Waste
concentrated liquid

Treated resin

74

Fish

Stored in tank

Sea bedsediment,
soil
Dust inthe air

Analysis of:Compressed to reduce volume
SolidImpact on the environments
is checked by periodicallyinspecting the surrounding
ecosystem.

Safely stored at
waste storage site

Filter for gaseous material
PackagedContinuous monitoringof radiation levels(monitoring post)

Continuous monitoringof radioactivity

Put into
drums

Solidified materials

Assorted metal waste

Discharged into sea along withseawater used as coolant

Stored in Reuse
tankabout our children and grandchildren, Kansai

power station separates out useful materials like

Electric believes it necessary to properly

uranium. The remaining high level radioactive

manage nuclear waste.

Measures of Radioactive Waste Treatment

The reprocessing of spent fuel from a nuclear

material is carefully stored for around 30 to 50
years to allow it to cool. The policy after that is toultimately bury it at least 300 m below ground.
At present, the Nuclear waste management
Organization of Japan* is making preparations＊

to select a final disposal site. When thinking

http://www.numo.or.jp/■ Processing and disposal of high-level radioactive waste
Generation of waste

Processing

Waste

DisposalCanisterSolidified glass body

Reprocessing

Spent fuelProducts

Storage

Canister

After separating uranium and otheruseful substances from the spent fuelthrough reprocessing, high-level
radioactive waste remains

Enriched, condensed waste fluids
and glass are mixed, creating astable solid substance inside thecanister

The resulting substances are safely
stored to cool for about 30 to 50
years

Eventually, the waste is disposed ofin deep stratums 300 meters
underground■ Disposal site selection process
Selection in stages

The selection process of a final disposal site for nuclear waste is done in 3 steps.

Open final disposal site.

STEP

3
STEP

2
STEP

1

Select sites for final
disposal site.

Select candidate sites fordetailed studies.

Select candidate sites forpreliminary studies.

75

Projects and Activities for a Recycling-Based Society
Measures of Radioactive Waste Treatment

Recycling of Used Fuel Pluthermal Plan
Under the Pluthermal Plan, plutonium which has

Kansai Electric had planned to start using

MOX fuel, but Japan’s basic policy is tobeen collected by reprocessing spent fuel is

Pluthermal at the Takahama Power Station in“reprocess spent fuel and effectively reuse themixed with uranium to form MOX fuel (mixed

1999, but because the MOX fuel data from BNFL

recovered plutonium and uranium.” In line withoxide fuels) and then reused in nuclear reactorsthat year was incorrect, we canceled thethis policy, and with the understanding of local(light-water reactor; thermal reactor). (The word

shipment. It was agreed in July 2000 that the 8communities that host our operations, Kansai“pluthermal” comes from the “plu” of plutonium

rods that were already brought to Takahama

Electric wants to move forward again with theand the “thermal” of “thermal reactor”.)

would be returned to England at the

Pluthermal Plan.

Countries such as Germany, France, and the

responsibility and expense of BNFL. The fuelUnited States have reported successful results

was eventually shipped from Takahama in July

with this program.

2002 with the approval of the US government as

With limited natural resources, Japan’s basic

was required by the Japan – US Nuclear Powerenergy policy is to recycle any spent fuel that

Agreement.

can possibly be reused. In line with this policy,

Pluthermal Plans are basically on hold after theKansai Electric is proceeding with its own

fuel data issue with BNFL and decision in

Pluthermal Plan.

December 2001 to stop processing Comox’s■ Nuclear fuel cycle

Uranium mine

Yellow cake

Uranium ore
Recovereduranium

Refinery
Changeover plant

Uranium hexaflourideHigh-level
radioactive
waste

Facility forprocessing high-level
radioactive waste

Uranium
concentration plant

Plant for reprocessing

Spent fuelUranium
hexaflouride

Plutonium

Low-level
radioactive
waste

Facility forburial of low-level
radioactive waste

Secondarychangeover plant

Nuclearpower plant

MOX
fuel

Uranium
dioxideUranium
fuel
Moldingplant

76

Our Relationship with Society
Kansai Electric values the company’s relationship withpeople and local communities. We will continue to think,work and grow with society, as everyone on our workforce
is a member of that society, too.

Chapter 6 Contents

78 Exchange and Cooperation with External Bodies toward Environmental Conservation
78 Spreading Awareness on Saving Energy
79 Everyone’s Eco-Friendly Campaign
79 100,000 People’s Eco-Family Campaign
80 Cooperation with the Local Community
82 Community Relations Facilities
84 Activities to Benefit Local Society
84 Support and take part in Local Events
84 Welfare for the Elderly
84 Welfare for the Physically Challenged
85 Support for Arts, Culture and Sports
85 Fostering Health in the Young
85 Support for Volunteer Activities by our Staff
86 Safety and Sanitation Activities
86 Aiming to Create a Workplace with Safety and Health in Mind
86 Management of Safety
86 Management of Sanitation

77

Recycling of Used Fuel Pluthermal PlanⅥOur Relationship with Society
Exchange and Cooperation with External Bodies toward Environmental Conservation

Exchange and Cooperation with External Bodies toward Environmental Conservation
Spreading Awareness on Saving Energy
In order to deepen understanding of energy

interesting as possible so that learning about

conservation, Kansai Electric, at the request ofenergy conservation can be more fun for more

local governments, women’s groups, andpeople. At the same time, we have also

consumer associations, cosponsors lectures

established an enjoyable energy-saving

and courses targeted at housewives on thesection on our company’s website entitledbasics of electricity and its efficient use. Our“Energy-saving

widespread education campaigns also include

Challenger” to facilitate the spread of

running special energy conservation

awareness of energy-saving issues.

Solutions:Housewife

supplements in major newspapers and in our
in-house publication and cosponsoring
exhibitions on effective energy use withoutside groups like the Energy Conservation
Center. Furthermore, our meter-readers givecustomers a statement that compares theamount of electricity used each month with thesame month of the previous year.
We also try to make our information pamphlets
and publicity goods as entertaining and

TopicsEnergy-saving Systems Using IT (Home Energy Management System [HEMS])

Together with Matsushita Electric Industries andHitachi, Ltd., Kansai Electric created the venturecompany EL-Quest Company Inc. in November 2001.
EL Quest is doing validation tests*2 on HEMS, a homeenergy demand management system built with IT in
the form of power line communications and AIGIS*1,
a general consumer service that uses a highperformance power meter.
HEMS links home appliances like air-conditioners
into a network, through a power meter made by
Kansai Electric. In addition to enabling users to turnoff lights by remote control and effectively
conserving power by interlocking appliance
operation linked to motion sensor, the systemmonitors power consumption of individual
appliances and the entire house. Information isdisplayed as easy-to-understand graphs and tables.
It is hoped that the system will enhance awarenessof energy conservation and reduce home CO 2
emissions by about 10%.
*1 AIGIS (Advanced Intelligent Gate-keeper for Integrated Service):
General consumer service built around Kansai Electric’s nextgeneration high performance power meter*2 These validation tests are being conducted with a grant from NEDO(New Energy and Industrial Technology Development Organization).

78

Energy conservation pamphlets and publicity goods

Monitored points:
300 (Restricted topartial monitoring)■ Conceptual view of HEMS
Temperature sensor + blinds, fans and air conditioner ※Motion sensor + air conditioner

Controls movement of blinds and fans, aswell as air conditioner load.

Automatically controls air conditioner
when sensor does not detect people
at home.

Data centerCollects and analyzes data.
• Collects data on monitored power.
• Processing for communications withAIGIS, etc.

PHS, cellphone
User can operate home appliancesfrom remote by calling in. View ofhome captured by 180˚ panning camera
can be watched on PHS or cellphone.
AIGIS terminal
Monitors power consumption acrossentire house and acts as a server for datatransfers between outside and inside.
Refrigerator
Monitored for how times opened/closed
and power consumption.
Indoor wiring for lights (Eco-net system)

Information terminal
Displays power consumption andutility rates as graphs and tables.
Can centrally control all connected
devices.

AV equipment

Heat pump water heater ※Shut off by system when notneeded.

Can be turned ON/OFF
monitored from remote.

andEveryone’s Eco-Friendly Campaign
Community Beautification

Since fiscal 1993, all Kansai Electric employees

For some time Kansai Electric has been

have taken part in the Everyone’s 1-2-3

promoting environmental beautification

Campaign, which calls for participants to plant

programs together with the local community.

trees, reduce paper waste, and collect empty

Based on this experience, we have beencans for recycling. For this effort, our company

promoting company-wide environment

received a Ministry of International Trade andbeautification with the cooperation of the local

Industry Award in fiscal 1995 for outstanding

community since fiscal 1996. In fiscal 2001, we

contributions to the promotion of recycling.
This success led to the start in fiscal 1996 of theTree planting with elementary school students

carried out 1,027 such activities to give us acumulative.

New Everyone’s 1-2-3 Campaign, which
comprises the three activities of tree planting,Tree Planting

resource and energy conservation in the office,Kansai Electric is conveying the importance ofand community beautification.

keeping and cultivating greenery by

In fiscal 2000, we started the Everyone’s Eco-transplanting saplings cultivated in our nurseries

Friendly Campaign, in which employeeswith the help of local residents and ourcontinue to contribute to the protection of theemployees. In fiscal 2001, we planted 29,150

local environment through our previous

sapling in school yards, parks and other public

activities by working in cooperation with theplaces. Since 1993, we have planted 293,000

local community.

trees.
Community beautification activity near an office

100,000 People’s Eco-Family Campaign
In addition to efforts in the industrial world, thepurchase eco-friendly products such as

Prospectus on Global Warming Action that wasrecycled toilet paper.

adopted by the national government in March

As of fiscal 2001, each of our business2002 calls upon families and individuals to

locations has been developing volunteer

make a commitment such as to watch TV for

activities and encouraging people to look

one less hour a day or to increase temperature

closer at their lives to see what improvements

setting by one degree for car air-conditioner.

can be made that will help the environment.

We have been promoting the 100,000 People’s

Kansai Electric is trying to spread this initiative

Eco-Family Campaign since fiscal 1998 toto local communities through PR and events.

become environmentally friendly in our homes.

Furthermore, the activities conducted in thisSimple ways to conserve energy include

campaign have received high praise, and inturning off the TV at the mains when not in use,

February 2000, it was chosen for presentation

not running idle car engines and using public

to all attending the G8 forum on the future oftransportation as much as possible.

the environment as one of the best practice

Since fiscal 1999, we decided to promote Green

examples (superior examples) of measures

Purchasing, encouraging everyone toagainst global warming conducted in Japan.

Leaflets (left and middle) and stickers (right) for the
100,000 People’s Eco-Family Campaign

79

Exchange and Cooperation with External Bodies toward Environmental Conservation

Background to Activities

Our Relationship with Society
Exchange and Cooperation with External Bodies toward Environmental Conservation

Cooperation with the Local Community
Symposium on Global
Environmental Issues

Supporting Environmental
Education

Environmental Information
Activities

We regularly hold symposiums, supported by the

For elementary and junior high school students,

To gain the trust of customers with regards toOsaka City and prefectural governments, that

we have produced an animated video titled

our environmental activities, Kansai Electric

focus on global environmental issues. This is an“Mako-chan’s Parrot: What is the Global

provides information in a number of ways andimportant opportunity to consider and act on

Environment?”

globalexplains matters verbally through opportunities

these issues together with the local community.

environmental issues and a booklet titled “Ourlike tours of our power stations. We, therefore,

Friends on the Earth”, an easy-to-understand

are making an effort to ensure the information

guide to the ecology of everyday fauna and flora.

we provide is easy to understand and thatthat

explains

people recognize Kansai Electric as a friendly■ List of environment-related
publications by Kansai Electric

Environmental Month Symposium

Environmental Events andCooperation with Local Governments
During Kansai Electric’s “Environment Month”

environmental themes, such as eco-cooking andrecycling fairs, in exchange and affiliation withthe local community through local governments.

Main contents

timely manner over our in-house TV network andKansai Electric’s
Global Environmental
Action Report

An annual report on
the progress of ourenvironmentrelated activities

intranet.

A well-Balanced
Environment
Today and Tomorrow

An annual report inEnglish on the progressof our environmentrelated activities
Introduction to ourcompany’s work in
tackling environmental
problems

Our Declaration ofConcern for theEnvironment
Grandma’s EarthFriendly Ideas

Presents traditional
earth-friendly wisdom
collected from
community residents

The Eco-Family’s Way
to Live and Be Kind to
the Earth

Q&A format on how
to live in harmony
with the environment

Easy introduction
Our Friends on the Earth to everyday faunaand floraVideosKanden Green Festival

80

Within the company, information is released in a

Title

and “Customer Service Month”, our branches
and offices hold a variety of events withpart of society.

As a business that continues
to care about the environment
Kansai Electric’s activities tofight global environmental
problems

Introduction to
our company’s
work in tacklingenvironmental
problems

Mako-chan’s Parrot What’s the Global
Environment? (animated)

Explanation of global
environmental problems
for the next generation(for elementary school
students)

And, the information goes both ways as wecollect news on advanced environmental
initiatives outside the company and try to identify
trends in local communities and all of society ingeneral, so as to stay abreast of change andadapt our efforts accordingly.

Cooperation with the Global
Environment Forum-Kansai

Cooperation with Kansai
Economic Federation

To protect the environment, it is necessary to

The Global Environment Forum, Kansai* is

The Kansai Economic Federation* has released

weave the ideas and actions of the national andcomposed of people from academic circles,

statements on “Green Purchasing Promotion”

local governments, businesses and grassroots

government offices, businesses, labor unions,and “Summer Energy Conservation Fashion” asorganizations into a partnership. Within these

women’s groups and more. They study global

part of their activities to encourage “Construction

efforts, environmental NPOs have been growing

environmental problems and make proposals onof an Eco-cycled Society and Shift to a New

year after year, giving them today an importanta base of activities run by six subcommittees,

Lifestyle”. This is a key element in their Kansairole in society. Kansai Electric is studying ways

with the ultimate goal of developing

Revitalization Plan adopted in December 1999.

to interact with these organizations so as to“Metabolism-Oriented Society”. Kansai ElectricKansai Electric is an active part of these efforts

know their wants and needs as to the best formsits on each of the subcommittees, developing

as well.

of partnership with us. As a result, we havescenarios on themes of minimizing andforged ties with several groups that understandeffectively utilizing resources and promoting

and are willing to play a constructive part in our

technical cooperation in environmental fields, as

activities.

a contribution from the Kansai area to Asia. The＊

http://www.kankeiren.or.jp/index-j.htm

which is one particular area where Kansai

Support for the Kansai Research
Foundation for Technology
Promotion

Electric is playing a constructive role.

The Kansai Research Foundation for Technology

Forum also supports environmental education,

Promotion* provides support to researchers in＊

http://www.global-kansai.or.jp/navi.htm

the Kansai area in the form of grants for testing,research and international exchange activities
in the field of energy supply and use, andresource recycling. Their ultimate goal is thesustainable development of society that

Class on recycling in cooperation with an NPO

balances human activity with environmental
protection. Since 1995, on the lessons learned
from the Great Hanshin - Awaji Earthquake, they
have also been promoting research into the
Proposals of the Global Environment Forum-Kansai

disaster prevention sciences. In the ten years
since their founding, the Kansai Research
Foundation has receive 631 grant applications,approved 385 and provided the equivalent to¥418.70 million in subsidies. Kansai Electric
helped to found the organization in 1992 and hassince been a major supporter of their work.
＊

http://www.krf.or.jp/

Subsidy presentation ceremony/Denki Shimbun Newspaper

81

Exchange and Cooperation with External Bodies toward Environmental Conservation

Cooperation withEnvironmental GroupsOur Relationship with Society
Exchange and Cooperation with External Bodies toward Environmental Conservation

Community Relations Facilities
In an attempt to provide information on ourelectric utility business and our environmental
preservation efforts and to communicate withlocal residents, community relations facilities
have been built on power station sites, where
people can familiarize themselves with ouroperations and equipment.
Kansai Electric has major plans to build facilities
with exhibits that introduce the public to ourenvironmental policies and where they can see
Guidebook to PR Kan

working models of things like photovoltaic
power generation and thus learn about newenergy sources.

Website guide map

Wakasa Takahama ELdoland

Tropical Wonder

At Wakasa Takahama ELdoland,
Kansai Electric’s community relations
facility, visitors can observe all kindsof tropical plants and various tropicalfish in the Tropical Wonder
greenhouse. Exhibits placed aroundthe site assist in teaching people
about environmental problems andenergy issues.

AddressHours

4-1 Aoto, Takahama-cho, Ohi-gun,
Fukui Prefecture
From 10:00 a.m. to 6:00 p.m.
(winter 5:00 p.m.)(Closed Mon. and Dec. 29 to Jan. 3)*If closing day falls on a national holiday,
following weekday is holiday in lieu.
Open Apr. 29-May 5, Jul. 20-Aug. 31

Contact information Tel: (0770) 72-5890

Mihama Nuclear Power Community Relations Center
The Mihama Nuclear PR center at theMihama Power Station featuresmodels of a nuclear reactor andpower station and various exhibits on
nuclear power, giving visitors the
chance to enjoy while learning.

Address
Hours

Niu, Mihama-cho, Mikata-gun,
Fukui Prefecture
From 9:00 a.m. to 5:00 p.m.
(Closed Dec. 29 to Jan. 3)

Contact information Tel: (0770) 39-1210

Ohiri-kan, EL Park Ohi (Ohi Power Station)
At the Ohiri-kan, visitors can see the actual
workings of a nuclear power station at the
Nuclear Power Theater, a model of a
nuclear reactor containment built to onethird scale. They can also view the plant’s
actual radiation management section
through a glass barrier.
82

Address
Hours

Tsutsumishita 40, Oshima, Ohicho, Ohi-gun, Fukui Prefecture
From 9:00 a.m. to 5:00 p.m.
(Closed Dec. 29 to Jan. 3)

Contact information Tel: (0770) 77-3053

A great place to experience thefreshness of the wilderness in Osaka,
the EL City Nanko community
relations center boasts surrounding
forested hills with walking trails, anopen grass field, and a brook forplaying or relaxing.

AddressHours

7-3-8 Nanko Minami, Suminoe-ku,
Osaka
From 10:00 a.m. to 5:30 p.m.
(Closed 3rd Thurs. of every month, Dec. 29 to Jan. 3)

Contact information Tel: (06) 6613-7458

Tango Watch-kan (Miyazu Energy Research Center)

Aquarium

Darrieus wind turbine
power generator

The Tango Watch-kan community
relations center at the Miyazu Energy
Research Center has an aquariumwith fish and shellfish native to thecoastal areas near the site as well as a“petting pool” where kids can reach inand touch the fish. Visitors can also
see a wind-powered generator andsolar-powered house.

Address
Hours

1001 Oda Shukuno, Miyazu,
Kyoto
From 9:00 a.m. to 5:00 p.m.
(Closed Dec. 29 to Jan. 3)

Contact information Tel: (0772) 25-2026

EL Village Okawachi (Okawachi Power Station)
The EL Village Okawachi community
relations facility has log house stylebuildings that fit in perfectly with thesurrounding mountains and forests.
The buildings house a library wherevisitors can learn about nature andplants of the world and a center where
guests can receive advice on planting
their own flowers and gardens.

AddressHours

34-1 Nitta Hase, Okochi-cho,Kanzaki-gun, Hyogo Prefecture
From 10:00 a.m. to 5:30 p.m.
(Closed 2nd Mon. of every month, Dec. 29 to Jan. 3)

Contact information Tel: (0790) 35-0888

Kurobegawa Electricity Memorial Hall
Let us introduce you to the fierce
beauty of the Kurobe canyon and thedrama of the people who have forgeda life here, the courage and wisdom of
our ancestors. Please see how ourcompany has harnessed hydropower.

AddressHours

483-1, Unazuki-machi, Shimoniik
awa-gun, Toyama Prefecture
From 7:30 a.m. to 6 p.m. 20
April to 30 November
From 9 a.m. to 4 p.m.
December 1 to April 19(closed Tuesdays between
December 1 and April 19)

Contact information Tel: 0765 (62) 1334
83

Exchange and Cooperation with External Bodies toward Environmental Conservation

EL City Nanko (Nanko Power Station)

Our Relationship with Society
Activities to Benefit Local Society

Activities to Benefit Local Society
As a company that lives in step with the local society, we are involved in various types of activity aimed at enabling
us to ‘Live in Harmony with the Local Community’.

Support and Take Part in Local Events
We are involved in the production,transmission and delivery of electricity,
an activity that has deep roots in local
society. We have many head offices,branch offices, headquarters andmoreover sales outlets, electric power
offices and power stations spreadaround various locations. All these
operations work to hold events, support
and take part in local festivals and othersuch events.
Changing the braided rope of“Saino-kami” in Kanzaki-cho(Fukusaki office)

Kobe Luminarie

Welfare for the Elderly
It is predicted that one in every fourcommunities where we operate, such

persons in the year 2020 will be age 65

as providing electric diagnostic

or older. This rapid aging of society isequipment for elderly persons who live

posing all sorts of problems that need toalone. Furthermore, we are making it

be looked at. Already, Kansai Electric is

possible for every individual to lead abuilding general welfare facilities andsafe and secure way of life byworking in other ways to improve

supplying “electricity” that can makewelfare for elderly persons in local

life more comfortable.

Diagnostic equipment for elderly persons who live alone

Welfare for the Physically Challenged
Our wish is for a society in which

we have set up Kanden L-Heart Co., Ltd.

everyone, whether they be physically or

facility as a place where the physicallymentally challenged or not, may

challenged may enjoy doing a variety ofexperience the joy of living. Our

worthwhile work (Multi-Purpose Work

activities here range from thoseCenter for the Severely Physicallyundertaken personally on behalf of the

Challenged).

surrounding community to those where

We want to continue with such work

the entire company is involved in an

into the future as part of our aim for a

event. As one example of such work,“No Barriers Between Hearts” society.

Kanden L-Heart

Lively festival

84Classical concert

Support for Arts, Culture and Sports
may enjoy famous works of classicalvitalize a community and give eachmusic and opera. We also cosponsor

member of that community courage.

the FLASHBOWL series in the Kansai

They serve to uncover new talents andCollegiate

to educate, and they create and widen

Association by way of encouraging

new bonds of exchange between

junior sport. We are taking acommunities.

comprehensive approach toward theEvery year, we hold classic concerts inpromotion of arts, culture and sports ateach community where local citizens

the local level.

AmericanActivities to Benefit Local Society

Arts, culture and sport all serve toFootball

FLASHBOWL

Fostering Health in the Young
Our wish is that children, who will

issues we all face in relation to energy,

shoulder the burden of the next

and we provide classrooms where theygeneration and build the future, may be

may conduct scientific experiments.

raised to be healthy. Therefore, we are

One example of such work is theworking in various ways and throughKanden Youth Soccer Tournament.

exchange to help children to acquire

Together with the Osaka Soccersocial vision; we are working toSociety we annually cosponsor thisengender a rich sensitivity in them. We

event so that children may enjoy soccer

go into the classroom to give informal

at a first-class venue.

KANDEN Youth Soccer Tournamenttalks on the various environmental

Support for Volunteer Activities by our Staff
Many of our staff are involved inThrough such volunteer activities, ourvolunteer work. This work is purely

staff come into contact with many ofvoluntary. They do it because they wish

the local residents. In this way, they

to contribute to the local community. In

gain various perspectives that theyorder to support such work, we have awouldn’t get just from corporate culture

system whereby we allow staff to takeitself. This strengthens their sense oftime off work or be absent during suchbeing a member of the local

activities. We also loan company

community. We hope that this will help

facilities and equipment, and hostthem become good and highly humane

seminars aimed at encouraging suchmembers of society.

KANDEN Volunteer seminar

activity.

85

Our Relationship with Society
Safety and Sanitation Activities

Safety and Sanitation Activities
Aiming to Create a Workplace with Safety and Health in Mind
It goes without saying that for the people who work there,safe and healthy work environment. Therefore, we havethe ability to work in a safe and healthy environment is ofadopted the “Policy on the Management of Safety andthe utmost importance. Recently, we have seen a major

Sanitation” as part of our mid-term policy, and the “Plan for

stiffening in competition in the electricity business.

the Management of Safety and Sanitation” as our plan for

Therefore, if we are to have people choose our company

the coming year.

for their supply of electricity, then it is indispensable that

Fiscal year 2001-2004
Main Points of the Kansai Electric’s Policy on theManagement of Safety and Sanitation
Safety Related
1. Preparation of a solid basis for the
management of safety
2. Encouragement of activities toward boosting
safety in cooperating companies

our staff energetically go about their work with enthusiasm

Safety and Sanitation Activities

and that they display their abilities to the utmost.

As far as company attitude to safety and sanitation goes,

One of our mid-term management policy goals is that of

we are aware that the safety and health of our employees“creating a lively work environment”, and in order toare valuable assets for our company. So, with this in mind,

Sanitation Related

achieve this, not just the company itself, but every single

we are involved in work that puts great emphasis on

employee has joined forces to work toward safety andensuring both. Not only do we strictly observe all thesanitation with the objective of ensuring the safety andrelated legislation on this, such as the Industrial Safety andhealth of all our staff.

Health Law and other related regulations, but we have also

Based on this concept, we are making every effort toset down our own company standards and are involved inpromote safety and health activities aimed at creating a

independent activities toward such goals.

1. Promotion of mental health care for thecompetitive age
2. Promotion of supportive measures toward
personal responsibility for health
3. Strengthening of base for health support
systemManagement of Safety

Management of Sanitation

Education and Events Related to Safety

Measures with regard to Human Factor

Promotion of Mental Health Care

In order to prevent accidents occurring while

A thorough analysis is carried out in the event of

Recently, much attention has been paid to thestaff are carrying out their duties, we provide

an accident occurring and we examine

problem of stress in the workplace and thefacilities and equipment which enable all our

measures aimed at preventing a recurrence.

importance of creating a healthy frame of mind

employees, whoever is carrying out a particularThis activity is carried out throughout the entire

has grown in significance. Therefore, we areoperation, to work in safety. We also provide

company. Particular emphasis is given toward

working to encourage education toward

education and hold events aimed at raisingsuch activity with regard to instances where thedealing with stress and have set up a systemawareness of safety issues. As a result, ourcause of the problem was psychological. For

where people may discuss their problems.

company’s annual rate of accidents at work is

example, one of our policies is to hold regularlower than the national level.
■Annual rate of accidents at work

monthly meetings at all our work places where

2.05
21.95 1.92

2.13 2.07

2.00

small groups meet to discuss the human factor.

We are involved in a number of activities
1.88 1.89

1.75 1.72 1.80

1.82 1.79

National annual rate
1Company annual rate
0.19 0.19 0.15

00.32
0.08 0.04

0.11 0.19 0.11 0.19 0.19 0.09

0.22

89 90 91 92 93 94 95 96 97 98 99 2000 01(Fiscal year)※Annual Rate: Number of hours of work missed
through accident per total of
1,000,000 working hours

Designation System for Drivers

aimed at the prevention of illness resulting

Our company has its own system of designation forfrom personal lifestyles. We offer information

drivers. If an employee is to drive a company vehicle,

on such issues aimed at improving people’s

then they must take a prescribed course. Their

exercise and eating habits: for example, we

driving ability is checked before they are given

provide guidance on health matters and offer

permission to drive, and this is followed up with othersupport to those who wish to give up smoking.

regular tests. The company has a well-developed
policy on the management of safe driving.

Safety Activities Company-wide
Safety activities aimed at improving the managementof safety at cooperating companies and among our
subcontractors take place throughout the entire
Kansai Electric Group. These activities include thesharing of information on safety matters, providing
advice and giving instruction.

86

Promotion of Supportive Measures
toward Personal Responsibility for Health

Ⅶ
Activities of the Kansai Electric Group
特に、2000年3月に導入した「はぴｅ

特に、2000年3月に導入した「はぴｅタイム」（朝夕・休日の家族団らんの時タイム」（朝夕・休日の家族団らんの時タイム」（朝夕・休日の家族団らんの時
Environmental protection
is a group-wide effort at the

間帯をリビングタイムとして料金を割引

る「はぴｅプラン」は、その後、急速にKansai Electric Group.
While doing what we can for the
間帯をリビングタイムとして料金を割引
間帯をリビングタイムとして料金を割引
environment, we will continue to provide customerき）および、それに加えて、オール電化
き）および、それに加えて、オール電化
satisfying products and services so that customers and住宅にしていただくと、さらに割安とな住宅にしていただくと、さらに割安とな
local communities alike recognize us as a “trustworthy andる「はぴｅプラン」は、その後、急速にる「はぴｅプラン」は、その後、急速に
strong” group.

普及しています。（図15参照）

普及しています。（図15参照）き）および、それに加えて、オール電化
住宅にしていただくと、さらに割安とな

特に、2000年3月に導入した「はぴｅ

普及しています。（図15参照）

Chapter 7 Contents

88 2010 Group Vision - General Consumer Infrastructure Industry
88 Group-wide Activities
89 Improving Environmental Management
90 Eco Business Examples

87 83
00

Activities of the Kansai Electric Group2010 Group Vision - General Consumer Infrastructure Industry/Group-wide Activities

2010 Group Vision - General Consumer Infrastructure Industry

The Kansai Electric Group provides a number of■2010 Group vision overview

solutions for the energy-consuming “ambient”

gain their trust. This is the direction we are

Energy solutions

taking to establish a “Kanden Brand” as a“general lifestyle infrastructure industry”. Not

Synergetic effectCustomer

only are we developing “energy”, “lifestyleamenities” and “IT” as autonomous business

Adding value to customer
activities and environments

domains but we are also searching for ways to
Lifestyle solutions

develop the synergies between them.

Lifestyle Amenities

IT solutions

IT Business

Affiliates
Providing support for improving revenue in above business areas

Increasing group revenue on core energy business

important to have customers select services andProviding services for our customers by the whole
Kansai Electric Group

Energy(Core Business)on a core of energy. In developing business, it isGroup-wide Activities

On the Five Basic Principles of the Global

Staff Meetings, etc.

Publication of “Eco-Business News”

Environmental Action Plan that outlines Kansai

To share the latest information on the

To promote efforts to provide information on

Electric’s environmental policy, the Kansai

environment and introduce examples of eco-markets and more, the Kansai Electric GroupElectric Group is united in increasing groupbusiness, staff meetings and report meetings are

publishes a newsletter entitled “Eco-Businessrevenue by promoting the eco-business andheld for the 50 odd members of “Promotional

News”. The purpose is to support new market

strengthening risk management throughStaff for the Related Company Global

development and build eco-business on the

improved environmental management. You canEnvironmental Project” chosen by each groupdiverse environmental technologies and know-

access websites of group companies fromcompany to sit in on the “Conference forhow of group companies.

Links on Kansai Electric’s site.

Promotional Staff for the Related Company
Global Environmental Project” and “Studies
Examples of Activities”. Every sort of opportunity
is being used to strengthen relations with groupcompanies.

Eco-Business News88

Improving Environmental Management
Environmental activities are a key management issue of the Kansai Electric Group. Each group company has introduced an environmental management system
and is developing activities in line with the type and nature of their business. Some of these activities are described below.

ISO14001 Introduction

Example Activities
Kansai Tech Corporation

Ujiden Building Co., Ltd.

“Eco-friendliness” is a high priority issue of

Kansai Tech Corporation has been in the

Waste Reduction Activities

Kinden Corporation as the general electricalenvironment business for some time creating --Ujiden Building has devised a waste collection

equipment business. We have developedfor example – forestation department launched

scheme in cooperation with office buildings

activities for building environmental

in 1972. We spun off our environment businesstenants that targets a higher recycle rate

management systems on a concerted effort

in 2000 and developed several environmental

through waste reduction and proper treatment.

amongst our workforce and a basic policy of

products, one of which was the Support

In fiscal 2001, we were able to recycle 135 t“promoting eco-friendly equipment design and

Software for the PRTR management in(70%) of the 194 t of waste generated from ourconstruction”.

compliance with PRTR law.

three buildings. We are looking for more

Kinden examined, assessed and identified theAs part of recent undertakings for global

effective activities to implement in the future.

environmental impact of our business activities

environmental problems, we have aggressively

and our Osaka and Chubu Offices became thepromoted activities to reduce environmental

first in the industry to acquire ISO14001

load. These efforts gained us ISO14001

certification in September 1999. Since that date,certification for our environment division andwe have gained certification for all of our

Fukuzaki plant in 2002.

business sites in Japan.

Kansai Tech will be playing an increasingly

Together with ISO9001 certification obtained atmore constructive part in promoting activities ofall sites in Japan we will continue to improve

the Kansai Electric Group in the future and willourselves both in terms of product quality andbe looking to earn the trust of society byenvironmental protection, by upgrading andaddressing issues of public interest to notestrengthening our operations to provide

global environmental problems.

“technology you can trust”. While developing

Recycle collection boxes

NEWJEC Inc.

activities to deliver quality and improve theEnvironmental Policy

environment, Kinden wants to keep customers

Strive to reduce our environmental load

Green Procurement Activities

feeling satisfied and secure, and proveand coexist harmoniously with the

NEWJEC Inc. has introduced a program forourselves worthy and useful to society as anatural environment by providing eco-purchasing eco-friendly products and supplies.

company.

friendly technologies and services andIn fiscal 2001, 10% of the paper products

working with customers.

purchased by our offices were green. In fiscal
2002, they want to establish targets for theEnvironmental Policy
Basic Policy

Fukuzaki Plant Action Policy (Excerpt)

entire company and promote green purchasing

Promoting eco-friendly equipment design and●Work to conserve resources and reduce

across the company.

constructionwaste in order to minimize the impact that our

Action Policy●Observe all laws and regulations,business activities have on the environment.
●Proper management of waste

customer requests and in-house rules.

●Resource conservation●Continuously seek improvement by●Energy conservation

having the entire workforce embody andmaintain policy.
●Contribute constructively to environmental
protection activities of customers.

Environmental Load Reduction Activities
1) Waste reduction
2) Waste recycling3) Energy conservation, global warming
prevention4) Water pollution prevention5) Green procurement892010 Group Vision - General Consumer Infrastructure Industry/Group-wide Activities

Kinden Corporation

Activities of the Kansai Electric Group
Group-wide Activities

Eco Business Examples
Kansai Tech Corporation

Kinden Corporation

Kanden Kogyo Co., Ltd.

Dioxin Measuring and Analysis Technology

Energy Conservation Activities

Startup of AC Filter Cleaning BusinessAt our General Engineering Center, Kansai Tech

Following amendments to the Law Concerning

In October 2002, Kanden Kogyo will startis outfitted with state-of-the-art equipment on a

the Rational Use of Energy, Kinden set out tocleaning and recycling medium performancesolid base of high precision measurement andoptimize energy conservation by pulling the host

air-conditioner filters using ultrasonic waves.

analysis technology for diverse fields includingof diagnostic technologies we had (deterioration

Before, used filters were simply thrown away,

pollution diagnostics for water, air and soil, anddiagnostics, energy conservation diagnostics

but calls for environmental protection and the

PCB measurement and analysis. And, weand troubleshooting) into a “energy

cost of replacements cited by customers haveprovide the technology for measuring andconservation promotion technology” package,

made recycling an interesting business. A filter

analyzing dioxins.

and are now developing services from renewal

can be washed 3 to 5 times. The system

As the Law Concerning Special Measures

proposals to planning, installation andmeasures pressure loss and dust removal rate

Against Dioxins stiffened regulations on release

verification.

to confirm the filter is “as good as new” before
being returned to the customer. This new line of

into the air, water and soil, Kansai Tech invested
in more dioxin measurement equipment and■General equipment diagnostic systemestablished a system for providing all theEnergy conservation
diagnostics

Deterioration
diagnostics●Equipment repair and remodeling●Operation management●Maintenance management●Physical deterioration●Economical deterioration●Social deterioration

services from dioxin sampling to analysis.

business should reduce waste to 1/3 - 1/5, while
also save customers their money by reducing
the need to purchase new filters. Kanden Kogyo
wants to develop the business for suction filters
used on gas turbines.

Troubleshooting●Site investigations●Cause identification●Improvement measures

Dioxin measurement and analysis station

Kansai Environmental Engineering Center Co., Ltd.

New Energy Activities

Kanden L-Garden Co., Ltd.

Kinden is also responding to diversified
Using Kansai Electric’s Head Office As a Testing

demands for “wind power generation” and“Tom’s Garden” business

Ground and Showroom for Rooftop Gardens

producing steadfast results by building simpler

Kanden L-Garden runs “Tom’s Garden”

In April 2002, Kansai Environmental Engineering

downsized systems utilizing the strong points ofgardening center whose business is based onCenter opened the K-Sky Garden on the 6th floor

foreign manufactured equipment.

barrier-free access and plant therapy. Tom’s

terrace of Kansai Electric’s Head Office building.

Garden sells saplings, trees and gardening

There, we set up a showroom with two rooftop

supplies, but also proposes garden styles andgardens that consolidate rooftop greening

gardening techniques that anyone can do andtechnologies - “Flower Garden” and “Healing

enjoy including barrier-free gardening for

Garden” - as well as a “Test Area”. The

persons in wheelchairs. Kanden L-Garden also

showroom has on display gardening supplies

develops barrier-free gardening tools such as

and two gardens give customers a good look atwooden flowerbeds for wheelchair riders andwhat a rooftop garden can look like. In the Test

trowels for the physically handicapped. The

Area, we are experimenting with commerciallystore also sells kitchenware, imported interiors

available artificial soil to make objective
analyses and assessments as to suitability.

Sarakitomai (Hokkaido) 1,650 kW X 9 units

and sundries with plant and flower motifs that let
consumers enjoy the plant world even inside thehome.

K-SKY GARDEN
Flower beds and shovels that are easy on the wrist forpeople continued to wheelchairs

90

Ⅷ
Reference Information

Chapter 8 Contents

92 Environmental Load of Thermal Power Stations
94 Third Conference of the Parties for Framework Convention on Climate

Change (Global Warming Prevention Conference in Kyoto: COP3)
94 Plan Menu
95 Working Principle and Performance of Heat Pumps
96 Activities for Providing Information on Electromagnetic Field
97 Publication of the Site Report
98 History of Energy and Environmental Issues

91Reference Information
Environmental Load of Thermal Power Stations

Environmental Load of Thermal Power Stations
Kansai Electric’s thermal power stations are bound not only by laws and regulations but even stricter agreements with local governments. To ensure residents of thelocal communities where we operate can lead a safe and secure life, we measure and report the environmental load of our power stations to hosting governments.

Item

Sakaiko

Osaka

Sanpo

Primary fuel

L/H/C

L/H/B

H/BFG

Emission
per hour(m3N/h)
SOx

77

Nanko

H/C

L

44

587

98

Value agreed to103

9

Not recorded

139

Emission per Value agreed today (t/day)
Actual value

10.1

3.8

1.6

9.3

1.2

0.3

Not recorded

Emission per Value agreed toyear (t/yr)
Actual value

940

615

240

14.2

16.7

Not recorded

APC Law (total emissions)

613

118

66

Value agreed to
Actual value

120

16

Not recorded

Emissionper day(t/day)Value agreed to

7.7

2.2

0.9

Actual value

3.5

0.5

Not recorded

Emissionper year(t/yr)

Value agreed to

1,420

320

Actual value

735.4

42.8

※4

APC Law, ordinances
Emissionconcentration Value agreed to(g/m3N)
Actual value
WPC Law,ordinances

Miyazu Energy
Research Center
H/C
※5

306
112

※4

0.050
0.020
0.005

Discharge
gate

C-oil

D-oil

E-oil

0

4.4

0
492×103m3N

3,020
350.4
※2

67

398

0

12×103m3N

255

Outsidedesignated area
58

144

31

7.2

1.8

3.8

1.1

180

2,100

400

244×103m3N

Not recorded

347.2

219.8

6×103m3N

0.050

0.070

0.030

0.050

0.020

0.020

0.020

0.005

Not recorded

0.005

※4

0.050

Sewerage NO2-oildischarge※3

5.8〜8.6

Not recorded. Shut down 12-15-2001

Air quality
Dust

390

Tanagawa
No. 2

Actual value

Emission
per hour(m3N/h)NOx

APC Law (total emissions)

Tanagawa

5.0〜9.0

※4

37

0.014
0

0.004

5.0〜9.0

5.0〜9.0※3

5.8〜8.6

5.8〜8.6

5.8〜8.6

H ion concentration
Value agreed to
Actual value

Water quality

WPC Law, ordinances
Max.
concentration Value agreed to(mg/l)
Actual value

7.5〜8.3

6.6〜7.8

6.4〜7.7

6.5〜7.512

7.4〜7.9

6.9〜7.4

※3

※4

200

14

7.8〜8.1

6.6〜8.1

6.8〜8.3

1230

6.4〜8.2
※3

15
4

2

7

8

5

2

3

7

7

6.3〜8.1

200

160

200

15

12

2.7

COD

SS

WPC Law, ordinances
Pollutant
Value agreed toload (kg/day)
Actual value

393.2

WPC Law, ordinances

50

Max.
concentration Value agreed to(mg/l)
Actual value

WPC Law, ordinancesMax.
n-hexaneconcentration Value agreed to
extracts(mg/l)
Actual value

55
25

21.7

20.8

7.9
※3

200

※4

90

50

3.4
80

4

5

5

5
※3

10

7

＜1

7

4

3

10

9

200

200

20

9

47

＜1

5

4

5

4

1

＜1

＜0.5

1
＜1

＜1

＜1

＜1

＜1

＜1

＜1

＜1

Note: The Kasugade, Amagasaki Higashi and Amagasaki No. 3 power stations were shut down on December 15, 2001.

※3

200

20

APC Law: Air Pollution Law, WPC Law: Water Pollution Control Law, L: LNG, B: Bituminous coal, H: Heavy oil, C: Crude oil, BFG: Blast Furnace Gas

92

5.8〜8.6

5.8〜8.6＜1

Himeji No. 1
Item

KainanGobo
1〜4u

Primary fuel

SOx

646

Value agreed to

310

264

Actual value

152

197

L

7,800

Value agreed to

Emissionper year(t/yr)

Value agreed to1,760×103m3N

1,390×103m3N

Actual value

218×103m3N

57×103m3N

APC Law (total emissions)

Outside designated area

Outsidedesignated area

Value agreed to

450

110

Actual value

307

60

112

0

L/H/C

H/C

Aioi

Ako

H/C
※1

3,054

H/C
※1

780

344

2,146

58

155

165

180

9

104

108

87

400×103m3N

2,492

885×103m3N 650×103m3N

0.7×103m3N

90.9

10×103m3N 15×103m3N

Actual value

Emissionper day(t/day)Value agreed to

Emissionper year(t/yr)

Value agreed to2,400×103m3N

560×103m3N

Actual value

159×103m3N

10×103m3N

0.070

0.070

0.050

0.010

0.004

0.001

Actual value

APC Law, ordinances
Emissionconcentration Value agreed to(g/m3N)
Actual value
WPC Law,ordinances

Not recorded. Shut down 6-30-2001

Air quality
Dust

APC Law (total emissions)

Emissionper day(t/day)Emission
per hour(m3N/h)
NOx

H/C
※1

Takasago0

OutsideOutsideOutsideOutsideOutsidedesignated area designated area designated area designated area designated area
104

463

320

85

94

55

354

237

44

74

590×103m3N 2,263×103m3N 1,620×103m3N 390×103m3N 340×103m3N
264×103m3N 1,143.7×103m3N 72×103m3N 8×103m3N 22.6×103m3N
0.050

0

Site waste water Main building Tank yard oil
treatment
oil treatment treatment

5.8〜8.6

0.070

0.070

0.050

0.050

0.015

0.015

0

0.005

0.003

0.003

5.8〜8.6

5.8〜8.6

5.8〜8.6

5.8〜8.6

0.050

5.8〜8.6

H ion concentration
Value agreed to
Actual value

Water quality

WPC Law, ordinances
Max.
concentration Value agreed to(mg/l)
Actual value

5.8〜8.6
7.0〜7.8

6

6.7〜7.8

6.2〜7.7

5.8〜8.6

5.8〜8.6

5.8〜8.6

5.8〜8.6

5.8〜8.6

5.8〜8.6

5.8〜8.6

6.4〜8.0

6.5〜7.4

6.5〜7.4

6.4〜8.2

6.0〜8.2

6.8〜7.6

6.5〜7.6

10

160

100

100

100

100

100

10

10

15

15

20

15

15

7

3

2

2

105

102

66

84

15.2

35

34

18

22.4

1.55

2.8

2.4

3.8

4

2

COD

SS

WPC Law, ordinances
Pollutant load
Value agreed to(kg/day)
Actual value

187.7

WPC Law, ordinances

Max.
concentration Value agreed to(mg/l)
Actual value

WPC Law, ordinancesMax.
n-hexaneconcentration Value agreed to
extracts(mg/l)
Actual value

83.6

50

5

0.1

34.4

1.9

5.6

5.8

1.75

15.7

3.5

1.4

2.7

40

200

90

90

90

90

90

20

20

20

20

20

20

20

7

＜1

4

1

3.4

2.4

2.1

1

1

1

5

5

5

5

5

5

2

1

1

1

1.5

1

1

0.1

＜0.1

0.1

0.1

0.1

0.1

0.3

0.1

0.1

※1: k value regulation※2: Value reported to Osaka Prefecture under Guidelines on NOx Reduction from Fixed Sources※3: Value under Osaka Municipal Ordinance on Sewerage Regulations※4: Osaka Prefectural Ordinance on Living Environment Protection※5: Kyoto Prefectural Ordinance on Environmental Protection

93

Environmental Load of Thermal Power Stations

Emission
per hour(m3N/h)H/C

5・6u

HimejiNo. 2

Reference Information
Third Conference of the Parties for Framework Convention on Climate Change (Global Warming Prevention Conference in Kyoto: COP3)/Plan Menu/Working Principle and Performance of Heat Pumps

Third Conference of the Parties for Framework Convention on Climate
Change (Global Warming Prevention Conference in Kyoto: COP3)
Approximately 10,000 people from fields such as

assertions from each country were strongly

At the October 2001 COP7 in Marrakech,

government, NGOs, and media in 161 countries

divided over the goals for greenhouse gas

Morocco, the Marrakech Agreement wasparticipated in the Third Session of the

reduction, the conference ended by adopting

adopted as the legal agreement forConference of the Parties to the UNFCCC (COP3)

the Kyoto Protocol to determine concrete

implementing the Kyoto Protocol.

held in Kyoto, December 1-11, 1997. Althoughnumerical goals for advanced nations.

■Main contents of the Kyoto Protocol
Five years between 2008 and 2012 (Fiscal Phase)

Target gas

CO2, methane, nitrous oxide, HFC, PFC, SF6

Base year

1990 (1995 may also be selected for HFC, PFC, SF6)

Emission
reduction
targetAt least 5% reduction from the base year byadvanced nations as a whole EU 8%, USA 7%,
Japan 6%, Russia 0%, Australia +8%, etc.

Sinks

Resulting from land use change and forestry activities, limited toafforestation, reforestation and deforestation since 1990, were considered.

Kyoto Mechanism

Target period

Emission Trading

The difference between numerical goals and actual
emission can be traded as an “emission right”.

Joint Implementation

If the greenhouse gas reduction project is performed
among advanced nations, emission reductions fromthe project can be transferred and/or obtained.

Clean Development
Mechanism (between
advanced nations anddeveloping nations)

The greenhouse gas reduction project will be performed between
advanced nations and developing nations. Advanced nations can obtain
their reduced amount through a certain authentication procedure.
Developing nations also receive profit from the project activities.

Plan Menu
Contract by Load (L PAC)

Time-specific Electricity Contract

This new type of plan offers five inexpensive

This plan divides, monitors and bills electricity use

electricity rates for customers who efficiently andby daytime (7:00 AM - 11:00 PM) and nighttime (11:00

continuously use electricity. Even greater savings

PM - 7:00 AM) use.

11:00 PMApprox. 1/3 ofnormal rates ※1

Daytimecan be earned by adding the following plans andNighttime

improving load rate.

●Heat storage adjustment●Air conditioning system

Happy Time

●Electric heatingThis plan uses heat storage equipment for hot water※1: Compared to our specific light A unit price※2: Holidays refer to Sundays, holidays
designated under “Law concerning
National Holidays”, January 2 and 3, April
30, May 1 and 2, December 30 and 31.

heaters and other home appliances, and divides
electricity use into “living time’, “daytime” andCooling/heating load per day“nighttime”. Families benefit from the savings of

Reduce facility capacity

Use of stored
cold/heattime-specific rates.

Create and use
cold/heat instantly.
8

Cooling periodNighttime

Slightly more
expensive at
normal rate ※1

18 22 (Hour)

Livingtime
Livingtime
10:00※Conceptual view of cooling/heating by heatstorage air conditioning system

Approx. 1/3 ofnormal rates ※1

Nighttime

17:00

Daytime22

Holidays, etc.※2 23:00

Weekday (Mon. – Sat.) 23:00

Living time

Create and store
cold/heat.

7:00 AM

Slightly more
expensive at
normal rate ※1

7:00

7:00

Cheaper thannormal rate ※1

Happy Plan
The Happy Plan offers further discount forCommercial-use power WE/high voltage power WE

customers with an all-electric house.

Special plan for customers who use a lot electricity
on Saturdays, Sundays and holidays

Happy Plan discount※3= Discount rate (Basic rate + Electricity rate) x 10%(※3: Max. ¥3,000 discount per month)94

Working Principle and Performance of Heat Pumps
Most everyone has seen how warm the air

So, how much energy is needed to pump a

These air-conditioners come as a set of indoor

blown from the outdoor unit is and probably

certain amount of heat?

and outdoor units as shown in the below figure.

been surprised by it. Well, it is warm because it

The amount of heat that is pumped with a

The heating and cooling of this kind of system

is carrying the heat from the refrigerant. That air

certain amount of energy is called thewill be used to explain how a heat pump works.

was blown over the refrigerant to cool it since it“coefficient of performance (COP)”. The heat is

was warmed by compression and expansion.

a multiple of the energy input, so, for example, a①If you spray hairspray for a long time, the canWhat happens is that the refrigerant in the air-

COP of 3 means that 3 times as much heat as thegets cold. It cools as the liquid inside expands.

conditioner captures the heat in the room andenergy that was put into the system is pumped.

The same thing happens in cooling and heating;releases it outdoors. The indoor unit cools andIn recent years, high performance heat pumps

as the refrigerant in the air-conditioner expands,

the outdoor unit releases the heat.

of a COP of 5 and higher have been marketed.

it gets cold. It’s this cooled refrigerant that cools

In other words, the system is pumping indoor

The efficiency of our most recent natural gas-room air.

heat out of the house, hence the name “heatfired thermal power station is about 50% or, in②By the way, to expand air-conditioner

pump”.

other words, about half of all energy we input

refrigerant, it must first be pressurized.

Heating by air-conditioning is the just thecomes back as electricity.

However, if the refrigerant is compressed with a

opposite; it cools the outdoor air in winter. In

With the most recent heat pump of a COP of 5,

motorized pump, it inversely warms as it

short, it steals the heat in the outdoor air andwe can pump 2.5 times the heat with the

expands and does not cool as well.

releases it inside the home. The outdoor unit

electricity we generate: 0.5 x 5 = 2.5.

③So, in order to ensure the refrigerant is coldcools and the indoor unit releases the heat.

What this means is that efficiency is 250% or wewhen expanded, it is cooled (heat is released)

Basically, the refrigerant flows in opposite

get about 2.5 units of heat for every unit ofusing the fan of the outdoor unit before it isdirections when cooling.

energy we use.

expanded.

■Ratio of Useable Energy to Invested
Energy■Working Principle of Heat Pump
Heat
absorption(Cooling)

250%②Compression

5①Expansion(Refrigerant warms)

4(Refrigerant cools)
Indoor unit

Cold refrigerant

Slightly warm refrigerantNozzle3

Indoors
Outdoors
100%

Pump

2.5x efficiency

COP5
(5x)

／

2

／

Slightly cooled
refrigerant50%

Hot refrigerant

Outdoor unit

1

③Heat release
Heat
release(Heating)(Heat released outdoors)
Heat efficiency of most recent natural
gas-fired thermal power station

Third Conference of the Parties for Framework Convention on Climate Change (Global Warming Prevention Conference in Kyoto: COP3) Plan Menu Working Principle and Performance of Heat Pumps

Air-conditioners in most homes are heat pumps.

Efficiency of COP5
air-conditioner (Heat pump)95

Reference Information
Activities for Providing Information on Electromagnetic Field/Publication of the Site Report

Activities for Providing Information on Electromagnetic Field
Newspaper, magazines field, TV and other

Based on a comprehensive evaluation of

from electromagnetic radiation, and Kansai

media sources have reported the effects ofmultiple papers written on the subject ofElectric announced these results to academic

electromagnetic radiation on the environment

electromagnetic field, these reports conclude

societies in Japan.

and health. The issue of whether in fact there isthat there is “no evident to suggest

any kind of effect on our health or not has been

electromagnetic field in the living environment

Based on past reports from experts, Kansai

drawing the interest of the media and thecauses harm to human health”.

Electric has decided, for now, thatgeneral public in Japan since the early part ofAs for the possibility of electromagnetic field“electromagnetic radiation from power

the 1990s. This section of the report introducescausing cancer, UK’s National Radiologicalequipment does not adversely effect humanthe evaluations of experts from inside andProtection Board (NRPB) and the International

health”, but we will continue to study the issue

outside Japan, as well as what Kansai Electric is

Association for Cancer Registries (IACR) bothand provide information.

doing about the situation.

reported in 2001 that there was no conclusive
evidence that would indicate electromagnetic

Effects of Electromagnetic Field

radiation causes cancer.

An electromagnetic field is the combination ofan electric field and a magnetic field, therefore it

Activities at Kansai Electricis generated wherever electricity flows. For this

Until now, Kansai Electric has been collecting

reason, an electromagnetic field is produced notscientific knowledge on the effects of

only around power equipment like power lines

electromagnetic field on health, while also

but also the everyday home appliance such as

publishing pamphlets, producing videos andthe TV, vacuum cleaner and drier.

launching even a website on the subject in an

Reports on the effects of 50/60 Hz

effort to provide the general public with correct

electromagnetic field generated by power

information.

equipment and home appliances have beenWith the objective of gathering scientificallyreleased by the World Health Organization

reliable data, Kansai Electric jointly researched(WHO), the National Academy of Science,

the topic with other power companies from 1996

Japan’s Agency of Natural Resources andto 2000. We continued research on our own fromEnergy, Japan’s Ministry of the Environment and1997 to 2001. These studies failed to did notothers.

produce data that would suggest harmful effects■Reports on Electromagnetic Field from Expert Organizations (1987 - 2001)
Organization

Title of report

Summary

World Health Organization(WHO)

Environmental Health Criteria 69 (1987)●No harmful biological effects were detected under electromagnetic field of 50,000
milli-Gauss, nor any biological effects were detected under 5,000 milli-Gauss.

Agency of Natural
Resources and Energy

Investigative Report into the Effects ofElectromagnetic Radiation (1993)●Presently, no evidence has been found of commercial frequency electromagnetic
field in the living environment having an effect on human health.

Ministry of Environment(formerly Environment Agency)

Investigative Research into the Health Effects ofElectromagnetic Radiation (1995)●Nothing new that would correct the information reported by WHO has
been reported.

The National Academy of
Science

Effects of Electromagnetic Radiation in the Living
Environment on Health (1996)●Current important information does not indicate that electromagnetic
field harms human health.
●In particular, there is no decisive or consistent evidence that would indicate
cancer, harmful effects on nerves or behavior, or any sort of effect on
reproduction and growth from electromagnetic field in the living environment.

Extremely Low Frequency Electromagnetic Field
and the Risk Cancer (2001)●In laboratory tests, sufficient evidence that would indicate electromagnetic
field causes cancer was not obtained, while epidemiological researchsuggested as well that does not cause cancer in general.
●There is some epidemiological evidence suggesting a relationship between highlevel electromagnetic field and infantile leukemia, but the evidence is not strong
enough to justify conclusions that electromagnetic field causes infantile leukemia.

National RadiologicalProtection Board (NRPB)

96

Publication of the Site Report
Alongside the publication of this Global Environmental Action Report 2002, Kansai Electric is releasing
for the first time the Site Report from our Himeji No. 2 Power Station, to report in detail andsubsequently gain a greater understanding of the environmental protection activities of our businesssites amongst residents in the local communities where we operate. Here following is an overview ofthat report.
Himeji No. 2 Power Station

Environmental Report from Himeji No. 2 Power Station (Beetle Power Station)
The Himeji No. 2 Power Station is theMore specifically, the important issues andlargest thermal power station in Kansai

activities are as follows.

■Reduction of CO2 emissions(Promotion of energy conservation)

CO2 reduction

power and a 750,000 m2 site including the
Himeji LNG Management Office. It is known
amongst the local population as the

1 Reduction of CO2 emissions“Beetle” power station because atlas
beetles are raised in a beautiful forest that

●Boiler fuel consumption

was created on the site through “ecological●On-site power consumption

planting” and there are opportunities forpeople to come see them.

4,000
2,000
0

(Promotion of energy conservation)

Activities for Providing Information on Electromagnetic Field/Publication of the Site Report

CO2 reduction by year
(t- CO2/year)
6,000

Electric, with 6 units producing 2,550 MW of19992002 Fiscal year
2000
2001
(Environment Program targets)■Specific activities for attaining
2002 targets
CO2 reduction
Example activity
Reduce fuel consumption
by reducing heating
1,053 t- CO2/year
vapor in fuel oil tanks
Reduce fuel consumption by
reducing power loss with newly 310 t- CO2/year
configured generator stator coil

2 Challenge to zero emission●Promotion of 3 R’s (reduce, reuse
and recycle) initiative■Challenge to zero emission
Recycling ofmajor waste

Waste

Recycle rate

(2001 performance)

EP ash100%

Waste water sludge

100%

Waste fluorescent tubes

100%

Heat insulation50%

Unbaked brick

100%

Material for paperChildren looking
at beetles

The power station has been actively
involved with local environmental protection

Office paper

Use after recycling
Raw material for cement
Raw material for glass wool

from some time and they are aggressively
promoting activities to prevent global
warming and build a recycle-based society.
March 2001 and their entire workforce ismaking a concerted effort to improve
environmental activities.

Recycle target rate

They also acquired ISO14001 certification in

Recycle target rate *
(%)
* 100
80
80
60
60
40
31
20
0
2002 Fiscal year
2000
2001
(Environment program targets)■Specific activities for attaining
2002 targets
In addition to continuing with past efforts,
boost shellfishery, raw garbage, and waste
plastic recycling to 100% (target).

*Recycle target rate = Number of recycled waste
items ÷ All items (35 items)

Working to Protect the Environment in the 21st Century
We have welcomed the start of the 21st century, dubbed the “century of the environment”. To build asustainable recycle-based society, mankind must find ways to reduce environmental load to a greater
extent than what has been done so far.
At the Himeji No. 2 Power Station, we have an environment management system and, from within ourbusiness activities, we are trying to reduce CO2 emissions by promoting energy conservation andaggressively promoting the 3R’s for zero emission. We will continue with our environmental
protection efforts to win the trust and support of local residents.

Yoshitsugu Hota
General Manager, Himeji No. 2 Power Station

97

Reference Information
History of Energy and Environmental Issues

History of Energy and Environmental Issues

Kansai Electric
1950s 1951
1960s 1962
1963

Kansai Electric Power co.,Inc. established.
Direct burning of crude oil begun.
R&D on flue gas
desulfurization begun.

1970s
1971
1972

1973

1974

1975
1977

1979
1980s 1980
1984

1988
1989
1990s 1990

1991

Public Pollution Investigation
Department established.
Exhaust gas reciculation and two-stage
combustion methods introduced.
Use of naphtha begun.
Public Pollution Investigation
Department reorganized as
Environmental Affairs Department.
Use of NGL and LNG begun.
Practical use of flue gas
desulfurization facility begun.
R&D on flue gas denitrification facility begun.
Environmental Month introduced
as an annual event.
General Office of Plant Siting &Environmental Considerations
reorganized
Low-NOx burners introduced.
Flue gas denitrification
facility implemented.
Deming Award for TQC
activities received.

Japan

1962

Law Concerning Flue Gas Control enacted.

1967
1968
1970

Anti-Pollution Basic Measures Law enacted.
Air Pollution Control Law enacted.
Water Pollution Control Law enacted.
Law Concerning Waste Treatment and Cleanup enacted.
Environment Agency established.

1971

1972

1973

1974

Total pollutant load control for
SOx introduced.

1977

Strengthening of Environmental Impact
Reviews in Power Plant Siting
determined by MITI’s Ministerial Council.
Law Concerning Efficient Use ofEnergy enacted.

1979

1981
1984

New corporate management plan
Vision for the Year 2030 released.
“Development of Management toward 1989
21st century” adopted
1990
Global Environmental Project
Promotion Conference established.
Five Basic Principles of Action Plan for
Global Environmental Technology
Research Center opened.
Research and development of flue gas
carbon dioxide recovery system begun.
1991
Kansai Electric’s Action
Plan for Global
Environmental
Considerations adopted.

1992

98

World

Total pollutant load control for NOx introduced.
Details on environmental impact
assessment determined by the Cabinet.

1979

Second oil crisis.
Accident at Three Mile Island Nuclear Power Plant in USA.

1985

Vienna Convention for Protection of
the Ozone Layer adopted.
Accident at Chernobyl Nuclear Power Plant in former USSR.
Montreal Protocol adopted.
Intergovernmental Panel on Climate
Change (IPCC) established.

1986
1987
1988
Ministerial Committee on Global
Environmental Protection established.
Action Program to Arrest Global 1990
Warming adopted.
Global Environmental Forum
Kansai established.

Global Environment Charter adopted
by Keidanren (the Federation of
Economic Organizations).
Law Concerning Promotion of
Reprocessed Resource Use enacted.
Law Concerning Waste Treatment
and Cleanup revised.
Act Charter adopted by Global
Environment Forum Kansai.
Law on Protection of Endangered
Flora and Fauna enacted.

Limitation of Growth Report presented by the Club of Rome.
United Nations Conference on the Human
Environment held in Stockholm.
First oil crisis.

Second World Climate Conference
held (IPCC’s interim assessment
report presented).

1991

Intergovernmental Negotiating
Committee of the Framework
Convention on Climate Change
begun.

1992

United Nations Conference on Environment andDevelopment (UNCED) held in Rio de Janeiro.

Kansai Electric
1990s

1993

Japan

1993
“Action Plan for Innovative
Corporation” adopted.
Kansai Electric’s Mid-Term Action
Plan for Global Environmental
Considerations adopted.
1994

New ERA strategy (Global
Warming Prevention
Measures) formulated.

1995

1996

“New Mid-Term Management
Plan” adopted
Power Plant Sites/ Global
Environmental Promotion
Conference established.
(Global Environmental Project
Promotion Conference abolished.)“Notice of Environmental
Management” established

1996

1998

1997

1998

1999

2000s

2000

Kansai Electric’s Action Plan 2000
for Global Environmental
Considerations revised.
Eco Action 2000 adopted.
Nuclear Power and Environmental
2001
Committee established. (Power
Plant Sites/Global Environmental
Promotion Conference abolished.)
ISO14001 certification acquired atMiyazu Energy Research Centerand Himeji No. 1 power station.
Environment Department reorganized. 2002
Environmental auditing introduced.

World

1994

Framework Convention on Climate
Change (FCCC) effected.

1995

First Conference of Parties (COP1)
to the FCCC.
IPCC Second Assessment Reportpresented.
Second Conference of Parties(COP2) to the FCCC.
ISO Environment Management System
and Environment Auditing established.
UN General Assembly Special Session on Environment.
Third Conference of the Parties for Framework
Convention on Climate Change (Global Warming
Prevention Conference in Kyoto: COP3).
Fourth Conference of the Parties for
Framework Convention on Climate
Change (COP4).

1996

1997

1998

1999

Fifth Conference of the Parties for
Framework Convention on Climate
Change in Bonn (COP5).

2000

Sixth Conference of the Parties for
Framework Convention on Climate
Change in Hague (COP6).

2001

Reconvening of the Sixth Conference of the Parties
for Framework Convention on Climate Change.
IPCC 3rd assessment report presented.
Sixth Conference of the Parties (COP6) to the FCCC in Bonn.
Seventh Conference of the Parties (COP7) to the FCCC in Marrakech.
World Summit on Sustainable Development in Johannesburg.
World Summit on Sustainable
Development in Johannesburg.

Prospectus on the Promotion of efforts 2002
to prevent Global Warming revised.
Soil Contamination Law enacted.
Law Concerning Promotion of Measures
to Cope with Global Warming (Global
Warming Action Law) enacted.
Kyoto Protocol signed.
Special Measures for Use of New Energy Sources inthe Electric Power Industry (RPS Law) enacted.
Law Concerning the Rational Use of Energy amended.
Law for the Recovery and Destruction of CFC fromSpecial Products (CFC Recovery Law) enacted.

History of Energy and Environmental Issues

1995

Temporary Law Concerning the Promotion ofBusiness Activities in Regard to
Economizing the Use of Energy and theUtilization of Recycled Resources adopted.
Basic Environmental Law adopted.
Global Environment Forum-Kansai reorganized.
Action plans for each country presented, basedon Framework Convention on Climate Change.
Basic Environment Plan formulated.
Law on the Classified Collection ofContainer and Packaging Waste, and
the Promotion of Recycling adopted.
AIJ Japan Program launched.
JIS Environment Management System
and Environment Auditing established.
Environmental Action Program ofElectricity Utilities Industry formulated.
Environmental Impact Assessment Law enacted.
Federation of Economic Organization’s Environmental
Autonomy Action Plan formulated.
Electric Utilities Industry Law amended.
Law Concerning the Rational Use ofEnergy amended (enacted April 1999).
Outline for Promotion of Efforts toPrevent Global Warming decided.
Law Concerning Promotion of Measures to Cope with
Global Warming formulated (enacted April 1999).
Basic Policies Relating to Global
Warming determined by Cabinet.
Law Concerning Special Measures
Against Dioxins enacted.
Japan’s PRTR Law enacted.
Accident at JCO uranium processing plant.
Metabolic Society Creation Promotion Law enacted.
Cabinet decision on Basic Environment Plan
Long-term plan regarding research into
nuclear power and development and its
use (New Long-Term Plan) enacted.
Ministry of Environment launched.
Special Measures Law on the
Promotion of Proper Treatmentof PCB enacted.

99

IndexG
pg.10,79

100,000 People’s Eco-Family Campaign
pg.88

2010 Group Vision

Dioxins

pg.58,59

pg.66

3R’s

A
pg.63

Abrasion-Resistant Insulated Cable

Eco-Business news

Air Pollution Prevention Measures

pg.55

Eco-Cute
pg.20

Award of Excellence in Environmental Action Promotion

B

Eco-Efficiency

pg.16

Eco-Ice mini

pg.28
pg.60

Electric Vehicle

pg.15

Capacity Factor of Nuclear Power Stations

pg.10,36

Carbon Sequestration by Forestation and Carbonization (CFC)

pg.47

pg.42
pg.58

pg.44,94

Clean Development Mechanism

pg.96

pg.48

Environmental Loadpg.10,26,27,28,39

Environmental Policy

pg.27

Environmental Protection Cost
pg.38

ESCO Business

pg.79

Community Relations Facilities

Contracts for Heat storage Adjustment Systems

JCO

pg.37
pg44,48,94

Joint Implementation

K
pg.73
pg.79

F

Flue Gas Decarbonization (Unit)
pg.48
pg.51

Dexia-FondElec Energy Efficiency and Emissions Reduction

100

pg.35

Japan Natural Energy
pg.23

Five Basic Principles of the Action Plan for Global

pg.70

pg.50

J

Kankyo 1

pg.43

Kansai Atomic Power Information Net-Surfing
pg.28,94

Development of Technology for CO2 Coal Layer Fixation

Fund, L.P.

pg.19,89

pg.30

Environmental Considerations

Decarborization Technology

ISO14001

pg.18,19

pg.15

Everyone’s Eco-friendly Campaign

D
Dam Driftwood

pg.80

pg.94

Contract by Load (L PAC)

pg.57

In-Plant Waste Water Treatment

pg.22

Evaluation Value of Radiation

pg.82,83

pg.50

I

pg.8,9,19

CO2 Reduction Target

Community Beautification

pg.8,9pg.41

Kansai Economic Federation

pg.81

Kansai Green Power Fund

pg.35,105

Kansai Research Foundation for Technology Promotion
Kobe Kansai Electric Building
Kyoto Mechanism

pg.56

Kyoto Protocol

Flue Gas Desulfurization Unit

pg.55

Kyoto Public-Car System

Fuel Cell

pg.45
pg.41

pg.31

pg.44,48,94

Flue Gas Denitrification Unit

Forestation

pg.78

pg.23

Environmental Protection Agreement

Combined Cycle Generating System

pg.13,75

Home Energy Management System (HEMS)

pg.12

pg.27

Environmental Report

pg.40

pg.21

CO2 Reduction Effect
pg.92

pg.28

Hydropower Generation Project

pg.20

Environmental Ordinances
pg.51

pg.29,95

pg.14

Environmental Management System

pg.47

CO2 Fixation Technology

pg.80

Environmental Information Activities

CO2 Emissions per Power Consumed (Sold)

pg.28,94

Heat Pump

pg.24

Environmental Assessment

Environmental Education

Happy Time

High-Level Radioactive Waste

pg.14

Environmental Accounting

pg.28,94

Happy Plan

High Efficiency Transformer

Environment Month Symposium

Environmental Communication

pg.71

pg.26

pg.28

Happy Package

Heat Storage System

Environmental Accounting Guidelines

Chemical Substance Prevention Measures

COD

pg.64

pg.44,94

Emission Trading

CO2 Fixation

pg.15

pg.10,32,71

Electromagnetic Field

pg.92

H ion Concentration

Electric Power Industry’s Environmental Plan of Action

C

pg.60

H

Effective Use of Hot Water Discharge

pg.62

pg.71

pg.29

Effect of Environmental Protection Activities

pg.37,76

CO2 Capture Project (CCP)

pg.35

pg.43

Greenhouse Gas

Ecological Greening Method
pg.34

pg.18

pg.71,79

Green Zoning Measurespg.88

Economic Effect of Environmental Protection Measures

Closed Recycle Systempg.8,9

Green Purchasing Guidelines

pg.90

Eco Businesses Examples

pg.84

Chemical hydride

Global Environmental Action Plan

Green Purchasing
pg.8,9,10,11

Eco Action
pg.48

Activities Implemented Jointly (AIJ) Japan Program

pg.52

Activities to Benefit Local Society

Burying Cables

pg.81

Green Power Certification System
E7

BNFL

Global Environment Forum-Kansai

Global Environmental Project Promotion Staff

E

Biomass Power Generation

pg.62

Gas Insulated Switches (GIS)
pg.70

Driftwood Recovery

pg.94
pg.32

pg.37

pg.81

L
Life Cycle CO2 Emissions per Unit of Power
LNG

pg.39

pg.10,12,39,55,56

pg.34

Purchase of Surplus Power

T

pg.13

Low Level Radioactive Waste

The Voice of Danbo

R
pg.74

Radioactive Gaseous Waste Materials
pg.46

pg.73

Radioactivity

pg.34
pg.10,34

NGL

pg.8,18

pg.37
pg.75

RPS Law

pg.60,61

pg.34

O

pg.58

Vibration Prevention Measures

pg.66,67

Reuse (3R’s)

Rooftop Gardens

Nuclear waste Management Organization of JapanV
pg.10,39

Renovating Hydropower Stations

Nuclear Power and Environmental Committee
Nuclear Safety Network

pg.10,33

pg.34

Renewable Energy

pg.76

pg.32

Untapped Energy Sources

pg.33

Regional Heating Supply

pg.92

NOx Emission (by power station)

Ultra Small Electric Vehicle

pg.55

Reducing Sulfur Oxides (SOx)pg.58

Noise Prevention Measures

Nuclear Fuel Cycle

pg.56

pg.56

Reducing Particulates

pg.56

Nitrogen Oxides (NOx)

pg.45

U

Reducing Nitrogen Oxides (NOx)

pg.28

pg.79

Tropical Rainforest Restoration Technology

pg.66,67

Reduce (3R’s)

Nighttime Electricity Use

pg.10,40

pg.40

pg.30

Redox Flow Batteries

pg.92

N-Hexane Extracts

pg.18

pg.66

Recycling Rate

pg.55,56

TQM (Total Quality Management)

Tree Planting
pg.69

Recycle Center for Utility Pole Transformers

pg.8,9,27

New Era Strategy

pg.28,94

Transmission Loss

pg.66,68,69,70

Recycle (3R’s)

pg.63

Natural Environment Protection

pg44,94

Time-Specific Electricity Contract

Transmission and Distribution Losses

pg.60

Rate of Greening

New Energy Sources

pg.86

Rate of Accidents at WorkN

on Climate Change (COP3)

pg.74

Radioactive Waste

pg.10,38

Third Conference of the Parties for Framework Convention

pg.74

Radioactive Materials

pg.73

Natural Energy Sources

pg.57

Thermal Efficiency of Thermal Power Stations

pg.74

Radioactive Liquid Waste Materials

pg.5

Mid-Term Management Policy
Monitoring Post

pg.21

Thermal Discharge Impact Reduction

M
Mangrove Reforestation

pg.92

Suspended Substance (SS)

pg.23,58

PRTR System

pg.10,28

Load Balancing

pg.18

Protocol on Environmental Management

Volume of CO2 Emissions

pg.13,26,27

Volume of Industrial Waste

pg.13,66

Volume of Ox Emissions

pg.13,56

Volume of Sox Emissions

pg.13,55

S
W

Obnoxious fume Prevention Measures

pg.58

pg.36

Offsite Center

Safety and Sanitation Activities
Sakai LNG Center

pg.57

Oil Spill Prevention Measures

SF6 Gaspg.24

Solar Printemps

PCB

pg.69

Water Pollution Prevention Measures

pg.59

WBCSD

pg.72

Solid Oxide Fuel Cells (SOFC)
pg.18

Standardized Approach to Assessment of Environmental LoadPeer Review

pg.37

Statutes Regarding to the Environment

pg.23

Wind Power Generation

pg.57

Steady Cycling at Rated Thermal Output

pg.36

Photovoltaic Power Generation

pg.34

Steady Pressure Once-Through Boiler

pg.38

Sulfur Oxides (SOx)

pg.55
pg.42

Pollution Prevention Agreements

pg.23

Superconductivity

Prepared for Nuclear Accident

pg.36

Support and Take Part in Local Events

Promotional Staff for the Related Company Global
Environmental Project

pg.88

Protection of Endangered Wildlife

pg.63

Support for Arts, Culture and Sports
Support for Volunteer Activities

pg.84

pg.34

pg.16

Photochemical Smog Emergency
pg.37,76

pg.84

Welfare for the Physically Challenged

pg.92

SOx Emission (by power station)

pg.57

pg.16,52

Welfare for the Elderly
pg.41

PDCA Cycle

Pluthermal Plan

pg.34

Waste Power Generation

pg.10,43

Soil Contamination

P

pg.86

Z
Zero Emissions

pg.66

pg.84
pg.85

pg.85

Supporting Environmental Education

pg.80

101

Independent Opinion on
Environmental Report

Coaxial Policies for Business andEnvironment Make the Best PracticeThis is the tenth year since the 1992 UN Conference on Environment and Development (Earth Summit) in Brazil.
That Earth Summit adopted the Rio Protocol, Agenda 21 and a number of conventions and declarations. One
was the Framework Convention on Climate Change (FCCC). After that, Conferences of the Parties to the FCCC
were held to discuss schemes for taking action in 2001 and beyond. The general framework was decided in

Takashi Gunjima

the Kyoto Protocol of COP3 in 1997 and an agreement was reached at COP7 in Marrakech, Morocco in 2001.

Professor of Doshisha University

Following this chain of events, Japan signed the Kyoto Protocol and announced a prospectus of domestic
undertakings on June 4 this year.
A decade having passed from the Earth Summit, the World Summit on Sustainable Development (Rio +10
Conference) was held in Johannesburg, South Africa, to assess past progress and promote further action
against global environmental problems. The 21st century has been dubbed the “century of the environment”
and quite imaginably there will be frequent international conferences on the environment, but the effort is now
needed to systematically build the mechanisms for turning awareness into action and take action to steadfast
resolve environmental problems. Needless to say, today’s global environmental problems are tied to activity of
all mankind and it is necessary that not only the producers of economic activity but also the users take action.
Since the reduction of CO2 can bring about greater affluence for all, the entire nation must get involved.
Since the first edition in 1993, Kansai Electric has published this Global Environmental Action Report every
year, making it the tenth edition this year. In publishing it, of obvious concern is to be accurate and to present
the information in an easy to understand format, but also it is very important to provide as much information as
possible. In this report, Kansai Electric has upgraded its overall reporting by continuing with the environmental
auditing of last year, disclosing negative information as well as upgrading environmental information of the
Kansai Electric Group and its social commitments as a company, providing supporting data and covering our
serial release of information over the Internet. Environmental action demands accountability, however
communication on environmental issues in Japan tends to go one way as businesses disclose only
information that works to their advantage and use environmental reports as a PR tool. As the word suggests,
accountability is an “account”; an environmental report should disclose the balance of pluses and minuses forreaders to assess. For that assessment, it is important that an environmental report function as a means ofinteractive communication.
This Action Report is constructively used as a part of environmental education and in seminars within andoutside the company. In addition to its most recent undertakings, our technological innovations with energy
conservation and new energy resources have been explained in detail and reported as an “encyclopedia” ofenvironmental information. Moreover, illustrations and photographs help to promote an understanding of anindustry that requires expert and often difficult-to-comprehend knowledge to know. For anyone interested inreal technology and facts, this is the report to read. Nevertheless, for this report to be easy to understand, itwould have to be written for each individual. Especially if Kansai Electric was to report this information tochildren, it would need an entirely different report.
Today, power companies face a very difficult situation. While they must balance liberalization (competition) in
the name of “cheaper power” with “stable supply” on the one hand, they must find a harmony between“energy and the environment” on the other. It is likely, as we go forward, that the “councils” ofbusinesspeople will approve of coaxial policies for business and environment as the best practice forchallenging these trilemmas.

102

Please give us your thoughts and impressions

FAX: 81-6-6441-3549

To: Environmental Management Group, Environmental Considerations Department, Kansai Electric Power Co., Inc.
Please check the items that most closely match your opinions or impressions.

1

I think this report is:□ Easy to understand□ Average□ Difficult to understandReason:2What do you think about Kansai Electric’s approach to environmental problems?
□ Very good

□ Fairly good

□ Not very good

□ Not good

Reason:3

Was there anything in this report that you want to know more about or are interested in?
(Check all applicable boxes.)
7
17

25

Policy, targets and performancein environmental protection
Environmental management
Response to global
environmental problems

8 □ Environmental policy and specific action plans
12 □ Environmental load

18 □ Environmental management systems

27 □ New ERA Strategy
44 □ Activities Abroad

Cut along dotted line

Response to local environmental problems

65

Projects and activities for arecycling-based society
Our Relationship withSociety

28 □ Efficiency

36 □ Reduction

52 □ Protecting the ozone layar

54 □ Air pollution prevention measures,etc

60 □ Harmonizing with the local environments

66 □ Promoting measures for a recycling-based society

71 □ Promoting of green purchasing

72 □ Energy conservation and resource saving activities with office supplies

73 □ Measures of radioactive waste treatment

78 □ Exchange and cooperation with external bodies toward environmental conservation
84 □ Activities to benefit local society

87 □ Activities of the Kansai Electric Group4

21 □ State of environmental communications

23 □ Observance of environmental regulations

53

77

10 □ Outline of Eco Action

14 □ Environmental auditing

86 □ Safety and sanitary activities

91 □ Reference information

102 □ Opinions of third parties about this report

Comment on the following. List any wishes you may have. (Give a page number if any.)
Was there anything that particularly impressed you or which lacked sufficient information?

Was there any information you felt should be reported again in the future, should be emphasized more or developed as PR?

What should Kansai Electric do for the environment in the future?

5

From what perspective are you reading this report?
□ A customer of the company□ Investor/shareholder□ A party doing business with the company□ Government employee□ Affiliated with an environment-related NPO□ Mass media-related person□ Corporate environment-related person□ Student□ Other (Explain:)

6

From where did you learn about this report?
□ Newspaper/magazine□ The company’s website□ Heard from a friend of acquaintance□ Heard from one of the company’s employees□ Other (Explain:)

Thank you very much for your cooperation. If you do not mind, please also fill in the following information.

Name:

Gender: □ Male □ Female

Age:

Address:
Occupation (Company name or organization):

103

Main Places ofBusiness

Head Office and Branch Offices
Headquarters

3-3-22 Nakanoshima, Kita-ku, Osaka 530-8270

Osaka Kita Branch

3-9-3 Honjohigashi, Kita-ku, Osaka 531-8588

Osaka Minami Branch

3-9-5 Hamaguchinishi, Suminoe-ku, Osaka 559-0006

Kyoto Branch

579 Higashi-shiokojicho, Karasuma Nishi-iru,Shionokoji-dori, Shimogyo-ku, Kyoto 600-8216

Kobe Branch

6-2-1 Kanou-cho Chuo-ku, Kobe 650-0001

Himeji Branch

117 Junishomae-cho, Himeji, 670-8577

Nara Branch48 Omoricho, Nara 630-8548

Shiga Branch

4-1-51 Nionohama, Otsu, 520-8570

Wakayama Branch

40 Okayama-cho, Wakayama 640-8145

Wakasa Affiliated Branch

8 Yokota, 13 Goichi, Mihama-cho, Mikata-gun Fukui 919-1141

Tokai Affiliated Branch

2-27-14 Izumi, Higashi-ku, Nagoya 461-8540

Hokuriku Affiliated Branch

1-2-13 Higashi-denjigatamachi, Toyama 930-8513

Tokyo Affiliated Branch

c/o Fukoku Seimei Building 2-2-2 Uchisaiwai-cho, Chioda-ku, Tokyo 100-0011

Karyoku Centerc/o Dai Building 3-6-32 Nakanoshima, Kita-ku, Osaka 530-6591

06-6441-8821
06-6373-1541
06-6672-1301
075-361-7171

078-391-7211
0792-25-3221

0742-27-1237
077-522-2626
073-422-4150
0770-32-3500

052-931-1521

03-3591-9261

06-6459-0433

Main Sales Offices

104

Kujo Office

06-6582-2881

Kyoto Shimo Office075-341-1111

Kakogawa Office0794-21-3201

Ogimachi Office

06-6373-3131

Fushimi Office075-611-2131

Aioi Office0791-22-0730

Mikuni Office

06-6391-1061

Maizuru Office0773-62-2540

Toyooka Office0796-22-3131

Suita Office

06-6384-1131

Fukuchiyama Office0773-22-3101

Yashiro Office0795-42-0260

Moriguchi Office

06-6908-4731

Miyazu Office0772-22-2112

Takada Office0745-53-1131

Hirakata Office072-841-1131

Obama Office

0770-52-0890

Nara Office0742-36-1201

Takatsuki Office0726-76-3131

Sannomiya Office078-392-6200

Otsu Office077-522-2611

Nanba Office

06-6631-4101

Hyogo Office078-681-3151

Hikone Office0749-22-0080

Higashi Sumiyoshi Office

06-6700-3131

Amagasaki Office

06-6481-3961

Yokaichi Office0748-22-2111

Higashi Osaka Office

06-6787-5011

Nishinomiya Office0798-67-3131

Wakayama Office073-422-8111

Sakai Office0722-38-8681

Akashi Office078-912-2651

Shingu Office0735-22-5211

Kishiwada Office0724-22-4701

Awaji Office

0799-22-0605

Tanabe Office0739-22-1212

Habikino Office0729-56-3381

Sanda Office0795-63-2484

Hashimoto Office0736-32-1245

Kyoto Kami Office075-491-1141

Himeji Office0792-92-3131

Cut along dotted line

076-432-6111

About This Report
Kansai Electric publishes this Global Environmental Action Report to let our customers the many stakeholders who support ourcompany know what our policy and targets are for dealing with environmental problems, and to report on the progress we havemade with related activities.
In publishing this 2002 edition of the report, we reflected heavily on the valuable comments many people offered us in regards to theprevious report and worked hard over the year to make additions and improvements that would foment a better understanding of ourposition on the environment and the action we are taking for it. In the future as well, we will continue to improve our environmental
protection activities as well as this report with the hope of gaining even greater approval of our efforts. We welcome your comments
and any requests you might have in regards to this year's report. You will find a questionnaire at the end of this publication.

Please give us your thoughts and impressions
Major Additions and Improvements to the 2001 Report
This report has been written in detail to help as many people as possible learn of●The 2001 edition of the report drew mainly on the 2000 Environmental Report Guidelines of the Ministry of Environment, but

the efforts
KEPCO
is taking toprotect
Therebe, however,to gain a better understandingof ourenvironmental
policyand thethe environment.
specific activities
wemay
are involved
with, we categorized
and edited our activities aimed at reducing the load we place on the environment into "(our) Response to Global

some points that are hard for the reader to understand, places where theEnvironmental Problems", "(our) Response to Local Environmental Problems" and "Promoting Activities for a RecyclingBased Society".

information is insufficient, or other deficiencies.

We would liketo ask activities,
you to readreportus specific
your frankopinions
and and added as●To help readers better understand
individual
wethishave
triedandto begivemore
in ourdescriptions
best possible concrete examples such as "Topics", photos and charts, and even launched a website where detailed

impressions so that we may use them for future reference. When you have finishedinformation can be viewed.

reading the report, please fill out the questionnaire on the back and fax it to the●We have tried to more constructive this time by disclosing more information and creating several new sections such ascompany’s (pg.
Environmental
Management
Group.Environment" (pg. 63), "2010 Group Vision" (pg. 88),
"Preventing Nuclear Accidents"36), "Protecting
the Natural"Identifying Environmentalof Fossil
Fuel-fired
Plants" (pg.
and"Providing
Information
on Electromagnetic Fields"
We Loadshall besendingsome eco-goods
free92),to allthose
who return
this questionnaire(pg. 96).

Thank you very much.

■Scope of 2002 Report
Environmental Management Group●Period Covered:This report covers fiscal 2001 (April 1, 2001 - March 31, 2002), but anywhere we mention continuing activities orEnvironmental Considerations Department

targets from the past, future plans or the latest information prior to publication of the report, the time period is clearly stated.

Kansai Electric Power Co., Inc.

●Business Scope: This report is on Kansai Electric Power Co., Inc., but it also contains information on the Kansai Electric PowerGroup.

FAX. 81-6-6441-3549●Applicable Fields: In addition to environmental protection, the report also takes a look at society with information concerning
the local community and occupational safety and hygiene.
●Scope of Environmental Impact:This report focuses on the environmental load caused by the production, distribution and sale ofelectricity, and related service activities.

■History of Publication and Next Edition●Kansai Electric has published a Global Environmental Action Report every year since 1993,
therefore this year is our 10th edition. We plan to release a 2003 edition in summer of 2003.
Published in Sept. 2000

■The below tools are also available for your pleasure.
(You can view the below information at our website at●Annual Report●Fact Book

Published in Sept. 2001

http://www.kepco.co.jp/index.htm )●Company Profile

105

Kansai Electric Power’s Global Environmental Action Report 2002

Handing the beautiful earth
down to future generations

Using 100% recycled paper not only protects natural forests but is also significant because
it shows the effective utilization of resources and reduces waste. The soy ink used inprinting this publication contains soybean oil, which makes it more readily biodegradable
than conventional ink and lessens the amount of petroleum solvent in the ink.
Furthermore, a dry printing technique has been used as it does not require steam that can
include alkaline developer or isopropyl alcohol.

This report is available on the Internet.(http://www.kepco.co.jp/e/action_e/ac_e.htm)
Please send any inquiry regarding this report to Environmental Management Group, Environmental Considerations Department.

THE KANSAI ELECTRIC POWER CO., INC.
Environmental Management Group, Environmental Considerations Department.
3-22, Nakanoshima 3-chome, Kita-ku, Osaka 530-8270, Japan Phone: 06-7501-0136

The logo featured above is the symbol for
Kansai Electric’s “Environment Month” (June).
It evokes an image of the earth’s beauty andcalls upon us to preserve it.

The Kansai Electric Power Co., Inc.

Taking our resources into consideration, the following ink and paper was used to publish this report.

Kansai Electric Power’s

Global Environmental Action Report 2002
A Well-Balanced Environmental Today and Tomorrow