‫ ⺰ޣ‬ᢥ‫ޤ‬ᐕႎ ࠲ࠗ⎇ⓥ No.8, 2008 19-33.

‫␠ޟ‬ળߩߚ߼‫ࠆ߈↢ߦޠ‬௯ଛߚߜ̆ർ࠲ࠗ࡮࠴ࠚࡦࡑࠗ⋵ D ኹߩ޽ࠆ௯ଛࠍ੐଀ߣߒߡ̆

Buddhist Monks Living for Society
̆A Case Study of a Buddhist Monk at Wat D, Chiang Mai in Northern Thailand̆ጟㇱ ⌀↱⟤
OKABE Mayumi
As national development has progressed since the 1960s in Thailand, some Buddhist
monks started to be called “development monks”. “Development monk”, however, hasbeen an elusive concept because its meaning varies depending on how, when, and bywhom it is used. In spite of all this, it is still found that there are some young monks who
admire the senior monks as “development monks” and try to become a “developmentmonk” in today’s Thailand. This current situation, therefore, allows a reconsideration of
the approach to “development monks” among the former studies. Instead, this paper
approaches “development monks” from the viewpoint of one young Buddhist monk. It
aims to examine the meaning of “development monks” both at an individual level and at asocial level in present day Thailand.
Considering this case study, it is pointed out that some young monks, for example
monk “I” at Wat D, Chiang Mai, try to work “for society” and identify themselves as“development monks”. Unlike the former senior generation, the young monks work “forsociety” going beyond the relationships among the monks within Sangha community, as
well as the relationships between the monks and the local community. Their attempts,
therefore, could be understood as a process of looking for self-identities under modernity
in contemporary Thai society.

nak phatthana㧕1)ߣ๭߫ࠇࠆࠃ߁ߦߥߞߚ‫ߩߘޕ‬1. ߪߓ߼ߦ㧦⎇ⓥߩ⢛᥊ߣ⋡⊛৻ᣇߢ‫ޟ߅ߥ੹ޔ‬㐿⊒௯‫ޟߪ޿ࠆ޽ޔ߆⺕ߪߣޠ‬㐿

ᧄⓂߩ⋡⊛ߪ‫ޔ‬ർ࠲ࠗߩਛᔃㇺᏒ࠴ࠚࡦࡑࠗㄭ

⊒௯‫ߪߣޠ‬૗߆ߣ޿߁໧޿߇ߥߐࠇࠆࠃ߁ߦ‫ޔ‬‫ޟ‬㐿㇠ߩ D ኹࠍ⥰บߦ‫ߩੱ৻ࠆ޽ޔ‬௯ଛߩᵴേࠍ੐଀

⊒௯‫ߪޠ‬ଐὼߣߒߡߣࠄ߃ߤߎࠈߩߥ޿߽ߩߢ޽

ߣߒ‫ޔ‬௯ଛ⥄りߦߣߞߡ‫ޟ‬㐿⊒௯‫ߪߣޠ‬૗ࠍᗧ๧ࠅ⛯ߌߡ޿ࠆ‫ޔߪߐߥߩࠈߎߤ߃ࠄߣߩߎޕ‬‫ޟ‬㐿⊒ߔࠆߩ߆ࠍ᣿ࠄ߆ߦߒ‫␠߇ߣߎߩߘߚ߹ޔ‬ળ⊛ߦ௯‫޿↪ࠍ⪲⸒ߩߎޔߣ✲⚻ߩ↢⊒ߩ⺆↪߁޿ߣޠ‬ߤߩࠃ߁ߥᗧ๧ࠍ߽ߟ߆ࠍ⠨ኤߔࠆߎߣߢ޽ࠆ‫ޕ‬ࠆਥ૕ߩⶄᢙᕈ߿↪޿ࠄࠇᣇߩᄙ᭽ᕈߦ⿠࿃ߒߡ

1960 ᐕઍએ㒠‫ߪߢࠗ࠲ޔ‬ᕆㅦߦ࿖ኅ࡟ࡌ࡞ߢ࿾

޿ࠆ‫ޕ‬ᰞ੗߽ᜰ៰ߔࠆࠃ߁ߦ‫ޔ‬‫ޟ‬㐿⊒௯‫ߞߋ߼ࠍޠ‬ၞ㐿⊒߇ㅴ߼ࠄࠇࠆਛ‫⪭᧛ޔ‬ㇱߦ߅޿ߡߪ௯ଛߦ

ߡߪ‫⥄ޔ‬⒓ߦㆊ߉ߥ޿႐ว‫ઁޔ‬⒓ߦㆊ߉ߥ޿႐ว‫ޔ‬ࠃࠆ⁛⥄ߩ㐿⊒ᵴേ߇ⴕࠊࠇࠆࠃ߁ߦߥߞߚ‫ޕ‬ᱜ⥄ઁߣ߽ߦ⹺߼ߡ޿ࠆ႐วߥߤ‫࡯ࠤߥ߹ߑ߹ߐޔ‬⏕ߦᐕઍࠍ․ቯߔࠆߎߣߪߢ߈ߥ޿߇‫ߊࠄߘ߅ޔ‬ࠬ߇޽ࠆ㨇ᰞ੗ 2008㧦173-176㨉
‫ޕ‬1970 ᐕઍᧃ㗃߆ࠄ‫ޔ‬ᓐࠄ௯ଛߚߜߪ㐿⊒௯㧔phra― 19 ―

㐿⊒ߩᤨઍ߆ࠄ 40 ᐕ૛ࠅ߇⚻ㆊߒߚ੹ᣣ‫ޔ‬࿾ၞ‫␠ޟ‬ળߩߚ߼‫ࠆ߈↢ߦޠ‬௯ଛߚߜ

2000㧦29㨉‫ߩ࠻࠶࠾ࡇޕ‬ቯ⟵ߦࠃ㐿⊒ࠍⴕ߁௯ଛࠍ‫ޔ‬ᅢࠎߢ‫ޟ‬㐿⊒௯‫ߣޠ‬ฬઃߌࠆߡ޿ࠆ㨇ᰞ੗

ߩߪ‫ޔ‬NGO ߥߤߩ㐿⊒ታ〣⠪ߩߺߥࠄߕ‫ޔ‬௯ଛߚࠆߣ‫ޔ‬㐿⊒௯ߣߪ‫ޟ‬૗߆ߒࠄߩᵴേࠍ᧛ੱߚߜߣߜ⥄りߢ߽޽ࠆ‫ޕ‬ᓐࠄߩਛߦߪ‫ߩࠄ⥄ޔ‬Ꮷࠍ‫ޟ‬㐿ߣ߽ߦදജߒ‫ޔ‬ᓐࠄߩ↢ᵴ᭽ᑼࠍᡷༀߔࠆࠃ߁ߥ

⊒௯‫ߡߒߣޠ‬ઔ޿ߛࠅ‫ޟࠍࠄ⥄ޔ‬㐿⊒௯‫ߣޠ‬ฬਸ਼ㆇേߩ⋡ᮡࠍ߽ߜ‫ߦ⊛⛯⛮ޔ‬ታ〣ߒߡ޿ࠆ௯ଛ߹

ߞߚࠅߔࠆ߽ߩ߇ሽ࿷ߒߡ޿ࠆߩߢ޽ࠆ‫ߎߩߎޕ‬ߚߪ௯ଛߚߜߩߎߣ‫ࠆ޽ߢޠ‬㨇Phinit 1986㧦10㨉‫ޕ‬ߣߪ‫ޔ‬௯ଛߚߜ߇නߦฬߠߌߩኻ⽎ߢ޽ࠆߩߺߥ

߹ߚ‫ޔ‬᡽ᴦ␠ળቇ⠪ߩ࠰ࡦࡉ࡯ࡦߪ‫࠻࠶࡝ࠨޔ‬రࠄߕ‫ޔ‬႐วߦࠃߞߡߪฬߠߌࠆਥ૕‫ޔߚ߹ޔ‬ฬਸ਼㚂⋧ߦࠃࠆ㐿⊒ਥ⟵᡽╷ߣࠨࡦࠟߣߩ㑐ࠊࠅ߆ࠄࠆਥ૕ߦ߽ߥࠅ߁ࠆߎߣࠍᗧ๧ߒߡ޿ࠆ‫ߔߣߛޕ‬‫ޟ‬㐿⊒௯‫ߓ⺰ߡ޿ߟߦޠ‬㨇Somboon 1977㨉‫ޔ‬࿖ኅࠇ߫‫੹ޔ‬ᣣߩ࠲ࠗ␠ળߦ߅ߌࠆ‫ޟ‬㐿⊒௯‫ߋ߼ࠍޠ‬ߩ㐿⊒᡽╷߿ࠨࡦࠟߩᗧะ߆ࠄ⁛┙ߒߡ࿾ၞ㐿⊒ߞߡߪ‫⪺ޔ‬ฬߥ‫ޟ‬㐿⊒௯‫ޔ߿੺⚫ߩޠ‬‫ޟ‬㐿⊒௯‫ߣޠ‬ᵴേࠍⴕ߁௯ଛߣߒߡ‫ޟ‬㐿⊒௯‫ߚ߃ᝒࠍޠ‬޿߁ฬߠߌߩ᡽ᴦᕈࠍᜰ៰ߔࠆߛߌߢߥߊ‫ޔ‬௯ଛ㨇Somboon 1988㨉‫ࡦ࡯ࠤࡦ࡯ࠦޔߦࠄߐޕ‬ᄢቇߪ⥄りߦߣߞߡ‫ޟ‬㐿⊒௯‫ߪߣޠ‬૗߆ࠍ⠨ኤߔࠆᔅⷐ

᧲ർ࠲ࠗߩ㐿⊒௯ߩᵴേߦ㑐ߔࠆ㊂⊛⺞ᩏࠍታᣉ߇޽ࠆߩߢߪߥ޿ߛࠈ߁߆‫ޕ‬ߒߡ޿ࠆ㨇Nonseet and Sak 1991㨉‫ޕ‬ᓐࠄߩ⺞ᩏ࡮

ߘߎߢᧄⓂߢߪ‫⧯ࠆ޽ޔ‬ᚻ௯ଛߩ࡜ࠗࡈࡅࠬ࠻

⎇ⓥߪ‫᧲ޔ‬ർ࠲ࠗߩ᧛⪭ㇱߦ߅޿ߡ‫ޔ‬㐿⊒ᵴേࠍ࡝࡯ࠍขࠅ਄ߍߡ‫ޔ‬௯ଛ୘ੱߩ⚻㛎ࠍ߽ߣߦ‫ޟ‬㐿ዷ㐿ߔࠆ৻ㇱߩ௯ଛߚߜࠍઁߩ௯ଛߚߜߣ඙೎ߒ‫ޔ‬⊒௯‫ߪߣޠ‬૗ࠍᗧ๧ߔࠆ߆ࠍតࠆߎߣߣߔࠆ‫ߎޕ‬‫ޟ‬㐿⊒௯‫ߢ⺆߁޿ߣޠ‬๭߮ᆎ߼ߚೋᦼߩ߽ߩߢ޽

ߩ੐଀ߪ‫ޔ‬᳿ߒߡ⥄ઁߣ߽ߦ⹺߼ࠆ‫ޟ‬㐿⊒௯‫ߢޠ‬ߞߚ‫৻ߩߘߚ߹ޕ‬ᣇߢ‫ޔ‬‫ޟ‬㐿⊒௯‫ߦࠎ⋓ࠍޠ‬ขࠅ਄ߪߥ޿ߒ‫ޟ߇ੱᧄߚ߹ޔ‬㐿⊒௯‫߁޿ߣޠ‬ᒝ޿⥄Ꮖߍߡ߈ߚߩߪ㐿⊒ቇߢ߽޽ࠆ‫ޔߌࠊࠅߣޕ‬ౝ⊒⊛ᗧ⼂ࠍ߽ߟࠊߌߢ߽ߥ޿‫ޔߒ߆ߒޕ‬ᓐߪ‫ߩࠄ⥄ޔ‬⊒ዷ⺰⠪ߚߜߪ‫ޔ‬௯ଛߩ࿾ၞ㐿⊒ᵴേࠍ‫ޔ‬࿖ኅߦᏧࠍ‫ޟ‬㐿⊒௯‫ߣޠ‬ઔ߉‫ߩߘޔ‬Ꮷ߆ࠄ࿾ၞ㐿⊒ߩᵴࠃࠆ⚻ᷣ⊒ዷ৻ㄝୟߩ㐿⊒᡽╷ߦኻߒߡ‫੽ޔ‬ᢎ⊛േࠍ⛮ᛚߒ‫ߚ߹ޔ‬ർ࠲ࠗߦ߅ߌࠆ‫ޟ‬㐿⊒௯‫࠶ࡀޠ‬ᕁᗐߦၮߠ޿ߚ♖␹⊛㐿⊒ࠍ઻߁߽ߩߣߒߡᵈ⋡࠻ࡢ࡯ࠢߩ┙ߜ਄ߍߦዧജߒߚੱ‛ߢ޽ࠆ‫ߩߎޕ‬ߒߚ‫ޔߚ߹ޕ‬ᓐࠄࠍ‫ޟ‬㐿⊒௯‫ߣޠ‬๭ࠎߢ‫ޔ‬ౝ⊒⊛ࠃ߁ߥ੐଀ࠍขࠅ਄ߍࠆߩߪ‫ޔ‬௯ଛ୘ੱ߇੹߹ߐ

⊒ዷߩᜂ޿ᚻߣߒߡ㜞ߊ⹏ଔߒ‫࠽࡯࠲࡞ࠝߩߘޔ‬ߦ‫ޟ‬㐿⊒௯‫ߦ߁ࠃߩߤߣ⺑⸒߁޿ߣޠ‬ะ߆޿ว޿

࠹ࠖࡉߥᕁᗐ߿ᵴേߩౝኈࠍ⚫੺ߒߡ߈ߚ 2)‫ޕ‬ߎࠇߦኻߒߡ‫ޔ‬ᰞ੗ߪᓥ᧪ߩ‫ޟ‬㐿⊒௯‫ߦޠ‬㑐ߔߥ߇ࠄ↢߈ߡ޿ࠆ߆‫ߩߘޔ‬ታ〣ߦធㄭߔࠆߚ߼ߢ

ࠆ⼏⺰߇‫ޔ‬௯ଛߩ␠ળ⊛ᓎഀߦኻߔࠆℂᔨߣ⃻ታ޽ࠆ‫ޕ‬ߣࠍಽൻߒߡ޿ߥ޿ὐࠍᜰ៰ߒ‫ޔ‬‫ޟ‬㐿⊒௯‫࡝ࠨߪޠ‬2. వⴕ⎇ⓥߩᬌ⸛ߣᧄⓂߩⷞᐳ࠶࠻ర㚂⋧ߩਥዉߔࠆ㐿⊒᡽╷ߣࠨࡦࠟߩදജ㑐(1) ‫ޟ‬㐿⊒௯‫ߦޠ‬㑐ߔࠆ⎇ⓥଥߣ޿߁᡽ᴦ࡮␠ળ⊛ࠦࡦ࠹ࠢࠬ࠻ߩ߽ߣߢ಴⃻⎇ⓥ⠪ߩ㑆ߢ‫ޔ‬㐿⊒௯ߣ޿߁⺆߇ೋ߼ߡ૶ࠊࠇ

ߒߚߎߣࠍ⺰ߓߡ޿ࠆ㨇ᰞ੗ 2000㨉
‫ޔߚ߹ޕ‬ᰞ੗ߚߩߪ‫␠ޔ‬ળቇ⠪ࡇ࠾࠶࠻ߦࠃࠆ⪺૞‫ޡ‬࿾ၞ㐿⊒ߪ‫ޔ‬෩ኒߥ⾰⊛⺞ᩏ࡮੐଀Ყセߩᣇᴺ⺰ࠍណ↪ߔߦ߅ߌࠆ௯ଛߩᓎഀ㧔botbat phrasong nai kanࠆᔅⷐᕈࠍਥᒛߔࠆߣหᤨߦ‫ޔ‬ㆊ෰ߩ⺞ᩏ࠺࡯࠲

phatthana chonnabot㧕‫ࠇࠊ⸒ߣࠆ޽ߢߡ޿߅ߦޢ‬ߦၮߠ޿ߡ‫ޟ‬㐿⊒௯‫ߩޠ‬਎ઍߏߣߩ․ᓽࠍឬ߈಴

― 20 ―

࠲ࠗ⎇ⓥ No.8 2008ߒߚ‫⚿ߩߘޕ‬ᨐ‫ޔ‬‫ޟ‬㐿⊒௯‫ߦ⊛ဳౖߡߒߣޠ‬ឬ߆ࠇߞߚߩߦኻߒߡ‫ޔ‬௯ଛߩፏ㜞ߥᕁᗐߦ౒ᗵߒߥ߇

ࠆ௯ଛߩᆫߪߎߣߩ৻㕙ߦㆊ߉ߕ‫⃻ޔ‬ታߩ㐿⊒ታࠄ߽‫ߺߦߜߚߣ߮᧛޿ߥࠇ߈ߒ࡯ࡠࠜࡈࠍࠇߘޔ‬〣ߦ߅޿ߡ‫⥸৻ޔ‬ᐼ᳃ߩᏓᣉࠍ↪޿ߡ␠ળ⾗ᧄࠍ

ࠆℂᗐߣ⃻ታߩ⋧సࠍឬ߈಴ߒߚߎߣߢ޽ࠆ‫ߒޕ‬లታߔࠆኹ㒮ߩᯏ⢻ߪ‫࡯࠲ࡦ࠮࡮ࠖ࠹࠾ࡘࡒࠦޔ‬߆ߒ‫ޔ‬ᱷᔨߥ߇ࠄ‫ޔ‬ᓐᅚߪవㅀߩᗧ⟵એ਄ߦℂ⺰ߣߒߡߩવ⛔⊛ߥᯏ⢻ߦ↱᧪ߒ‫ߩޘੱޔ‬ፏᢘࠍ㓸㕙ߢߩ⽸₂ࠍⴕ߃ߕ‫⚿ޔ‬ᨐ⊛ߦ‫᧲ޔ‬ർ࠲ࠗਛᔃߩ

߼ࠆ௯ଛߩ⢻ജ߽߹ߚવ⛔⊛ߥ߽ߩߢ޽ࠆߣ⚿⺰㐿⊒௯⎇ⓥߦኻߔࠆർ࠲ࠗ

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㛎߆ࠄ໧޿߆ߌࠆⷞὐࠍᰳ޿ߡ޿ࠆ‫ޕ‬వㅀߩࠃ߁

ߒߡ޿ࠆߣ⚿⺰ߠߌߡߒ߹߁ߥࠄ߫‫⾰ᧄߩߣߎޔ‬ߦ‫ޔ‬‫ޟ‬㐿⊒௯‫ߪߣޠ‬ታ૕⊛ߥ᭎ᔨߢߪߥߊ‫ߑ߹ߐޔ‬ࠍ⷗⪭ߣߒ߆ߨߥ޿‫ޔ߫ࠄߥߗߥޕ‬‫ޟ‬㐿⊒௯‫ߜߚޠ‬߹ߥਥ૕ߦࠃߞߡߐ߹ߑ߹ߥ↪޿ࠄࠇᣇࠍߔࠆ޽

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ߎࠈߩߥ޿‫ޟ‬㐿⊒௯‫ࠍޠ‬ታ૕ൻߒߡ⺰ߓࠆࠃࠅ߽‫ޔ‬ߎߣߛ߆ࠄߢ޽ࠆ‫ࠈߒ߻ޕ‬㊀ⷐߥߎߣߪ‫ޔ‬ᓐࠄ‫ޟ‬㐿௯ଛߚߜ߇‫ޟ‬㐿⊒௯‫↪ߦ߁ࠃߩߤࠍ⺑⸒߁޿ߣޠ‬⊒௯‫ߚߒ߁ߘޔ߇ߜߚޠ‬વ⛔⊛ߥᓎഀࠍ↪޿ߡ‫ޔ‬޿ߡ‫ࠆߥ߆޿ޔ‬ታ〣ࠍ↢ߺ಴ߒߡ޿ࠆߩ߆ࠍ⠨ኤߤߩࠃ߁ߦᣂߚߥታ〣ࠍ↢ߺ಴ߒߡ޿ࠆߩ߆ߣ޿

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ࠍ߼ߋࠆ⃻⁁ࠍࠃࠅ᣿ࠄ߆ߦߢ߈ࠆߛࠈ߁‫ޕ‬ᓥ᧪‫᧲ޔ‬ධࠕࠫࠕᄢ㒽ㇱߩੱ㘃ቇ⊛⎇ⓥߪ‫᧛ޔ‬ᝒ߃ߡ޿ࠆߩ߆ߣ޿߁ᓐࠄߩ⸃㉼ߢߪߥ޿ߛࠈ߁

⪭␠ળߦ᥵ࠄߔੱ߮ߣߩ‫੽ޔ‬ᢎߣ♖㔤ାઔߩࠪࡦ

߆‫ޕ‬ߥ߅‫ੱޔ‬㘃ቇߢߪ‫ޟߢ߹ࠇߎޔ‬㐿⊒௯‫ߣ߶߇ޠ‬ࠢ࡟࠹ࠖ࠶ࠢߥቬᢎታ〣ࠍ᣿ࠄ߆ߦߒߡ߈ߚ‫࠲ޕ‬ࠎߤਥ㗴ൻߐࠇߡߎߥ߆ߞߚ߇‫ੱޔ‬㘃ቇ⠪ߩ࠳࡯ࡦࡃࠗࠕߪ‫᧲ޔ‬ർ࠲ࠗࠍ⥰บߦ‫ޔ‬௾␞ߣ᧛⪭ߩ␠࡝ࡦ࠻ࡦߪ‫ޔ‬‫ޟ‬㐿⊒௯‫⥸৻ࠍޠ‬࿷ኅ⠪ߚߜߩ↢ᵴ਎ળ᭴ㅧߩᒻᚑߣߩ⋧੕㑐ଥߦߟ޿ߡఝࠇߚ⎇ⓥࠍ

⇇ߩ஥߆ࠄឬ߈಴ߘ߁ߣߒߚ㨇Darlington 1990㨉‫ޕ‬ᱷߒߡ޿ࠆ㨇Tambiah 1970 ߥߤ㨉‫ੱߥ߁ࠃߩߎޕ‬ᓐᅚߩඳ჻⺰ᢥߪ‫ޔ‬ർ࠲ࠗ࿾ၞߢ‫ޟ‬㐿⊒௯‫ߣޠ‬ฬ㘃ቇ⊛ߥ⎇ⓥߦኻߒ‫↰ޔ‬ㄝߪ‫ޔ‬1970 ᐕઍએ㒠ߩᕆ㜞޿࠴ࠚࡦࡑࠗ⋵ࡔ࡯࡝ࡓ㇭ߩࡊ࡜࠹࡯ࡊࠞ࠙ࠖ

ㅦߥ␠ળᄌൻࠍ⠨ᘦߒ‫ޔ‬ᓥ᧪ߩ਄ᐳㇱ੽ᢎ␠ળߩ

࡯Ꮷࠍ੐଀ߦ‫ޔ‬หᏧߩ㐿⊒ᵴേߦኻߔࠆ᧛߮ߣߩ

⎇ⓥࠍᛕ್⊛ߦᬌ⸛ߒߡ޿ࠆ㨇↰ㄝ⺆ࠅ߿⸃㉼ࠍ⹦⚦ߦ⸥ㅀߒߚ߽ߩߢ޽ࠆ 3)‫ߩߘޕ‬․ߦ࠲ࠗߩ੽ᢎߦ㑐ߒߡߪ‫ޔ‬௯㧙ଶߩ㑐ଥࠍゲߣ⎇ⓥᗧ⟵ߪ‫ޔ‬㐿⊒ߣ੽ᢎߦ㑐ߔࠆవⴕ⎇ⓥߩᄙߊߒߡ‫ޔ‬௯ߪୃⴕߣ௾␞ࠍၫࠅⴕ޿‫ߚ߭ߪߣ߮ੱޔ‬߇‫ޔ‬‫ޟ‬㐿⊒௯‫ߩޠ‬ᕁᗐ߿ᵴേߦߩߺᵈ⋡ߒ߇ߜߢ޽

ߔࠄഞᓼࠍⓍ߻௾␞߿ᘠ⠌⊛ⴕὑࠍ⛯ߌࠆߣ޿ߞ

― 21 ―

1993㧦16㨉‫ޕ‬‫␠ޟ‬ળߩߚ߼‫ࠆ߈↢ߦޠ‬௯ଛߚߜߚવ⛔⊛ߥ੽ᢎߣߪ⇣ߥࠆ੽ᢎㆇേ߇‫ޔ‬ㇺᏒࠍਛߒ‫ޔ‬‫ޟ‬㐿⊒௯‫ߪߜߚޠ‬ᶖ⾌ᢥൻߦ޽߅ࠄࠇߚㆊ೾ߥ

ᔃߦഺ⥝ߒߡ߈ߚߎߣߦᵈ⋡ߒߡ޿ࠆ‫ౕޕ‬૕⊛ߦ᰼ᦸࠍ⥄೙ߒ‫ޔ‬ၫ⌕ࠍ⛘ߟߎߣࠍ᧛ੱߚߜߦ⺑߈‫ޔ‬ߪ‫ޔ‬ੑߟߩᣂ੽ᢎㆇേ㧔࠲ࡑࠞ࡯ࠗㆇേ߅ࠃ߮ࠨ

ߐࠄߦߪ᧛ੱߩ⚻ᷣ⊛⥄┙ࠍዉߊሽ࿷ߢ޽ࠆߣ޿

ࡦ࠹ࠖ࡮ࠕ࠰࡯ࠢㆇേ㧕ߩࠃ߁ߥ‫ޔ‬ᶖ⾌␠ળߦ߅߁㨇ᰞ੗ߌࠆ୘ੱߩ᰼ᦸߦኻᔕߔࠆㆇേ߿‫੽ޔ‬ᢎ⡛⠪ࠍ⺰ߓࠆ਄ߢ‫ޔ‬ᣂߒ޿␠ળㆇേ⺰ࠍ↪޿ࠆὐߪ⥝㧔arahan㧕߳ߩାઔ‫ޔ‬๡‛ߩ᥉෸߅ࠃ߮໡ຠൻߩ

๧ᷓ޿߇‫ߩߘޔ‬㓙ߦߪ‫ޔ‬௯ଛ⥄り߇‫ߚ߹ޔ‬૑᳃ߚേ߈ߥߤࠍขࠅ਄ߍߡ޿ࠆ‫ޟߪߢߎߎޕ‬㐿⊒௯‫ޠ‬ߜ߇‫ޔ‬ㆇേߦߤߩࠃ߁ߦෳടߒߡਥ૕ൻߒߡ޿ߊ

ߪ⋥ធ⊛ߦ⺰ߓࠄࠇߡ޿ߥ޿ߚ߼‫ࠄࠇߎޔ‬ᣂ੽ᢎߩ߆ߣ޿߁ࡒࠢࡠߥࡊࡠ࠮ࠬࠍᬌ⸛ߔࠆᔅⷐ߇޽

ㆇേߣߩኻᲧߦ߅޿ߡ‫ޔ‬‫ޟ‬㐿⊒௯‫ߥ߁ࠃߩߤ߇ޠ‬૏ࠆߛࠈ߁‫੹ޔ߽ߦ߼ߚߩߘߚ߹ޕ‬ᣣߩ࠲ࠗ␠ળߦ

⟎ߠߌߦ޽ࠆ߆ߪቯ߆ߢߥ޿‫ޔߒ߆ߒޕ‬‫ޟ‬㐿⊒௯‫ޠ‬߅ߌࠆ‫ޔ‬‫ޟ‬㐿⊒௯‫ࠆߋ߼ࠍ⺑⸒߁޿ߣޠ‬௯ଛ߿ੱ߮

ߣ๭߫ࠇࠆ௯ଛߚߜ߿‫ޟ‬㐿⊒௯‫ࠍޠ‬ฬਸ਼ࠆ௯ଛߚ

ߣߩታ〣ߩⶄጀᕈࠍ⋴ㆊߔࠆߎߣߪߢ߈ߥ޿ߩߢ

ߜߦߪ‫ޟޔ‬ኹߦዬߡ㘩ߴߡኢߡ޿ࠆߛߌߢߪߛ߼

޽ࠆ‫ޕ‬

1995㧦50-53㨉‫ޔߦ߁ࠃߩߎޕ‬‫ޟ‬㐿⊒௯‫ޠ‬ߛ‫ޟޔޠ‬ᚒ‫ޘ‬௯ଛߪ᧛ੱߦ߅㄰ߒߒߥߌࠇ߫ߥࠄߥ
޿‫ޠ‬‫ߚߞ޿ߣޔ‬ᓥ᧪ߩ௯ଛߩ޽ࠅᣇߦኻߔࠆ⥄⋭ߩ

3. ‫␠ޟ‬ળߩߚ߼‫ࠆ߈↢ߦޠ‬௯ଛᔨ߇‫౒ޔ‬ㅢߩࡕ࠴࡯ࡈߣߒߡ⷗ฃߌࠄࠇࠆ‫ߩߎޕ‬㧙࠴ࠚࡦࡑࠗ⋵ D ኹ௯ଛ I Ꮷߩ੐଀㧙ߎߣ߆ࠄ‫ޔ‬‫ޟ‬㐿⊒௯‫ߩࠟࡦࠨޔߪߣߺ⹜ߩߜߚޠ‬ᱜᧄ▵ߢߪ‫ࠗࡑࡦࠚ࠴ޔ‬ㇺᏒㄭ㇠ߩ࠼࡯ࠗࠨࠤ࠶
⛔ᕈࠍំࠆ߇ߔࠃ߁ߥኻ᛫⊛ㆇേߢߪߥ޿ߦߒࠈ‫ޔ‬࠻㇭ D ኹ㧔ࡑࡂ࡯࠾ࠞ࡯ࠗᵷ㧕ߩ௯ଛ‫ࡂࡑ࡜ࡊޔ‬ᣢሽߩ੽ᢎߦኻߒߡࠃࠅࠃ޿ታ〣ࠍ⋡ᜰߒߚࠁࠆ
࡯࡮ࠗࡦ࠰࡯ࡦᏧ㧔Phra Maha Inson‫ޔ‬એਅ I Ꮷ߿߆ߥㆇേߣߒߡᝒ߃ࠄࠇࠆ‫․ޕ‬ᓽ⊛ߥߩߪ‫੹ޔ‬ߣ⇛㧕ߦ⌕⋡ߔࠆ‫ޔߪ࠲࡯࠺ࠆ޿↪ߢ▵ᧄޔ߅ߥޕ‬ᣣ‫ߩߘޔ‬ㆇേߩ㗔ၞࠍ‫ޔ‬࿾ၞ㐿⊒߿଻ஜ࡮⑔␩ߩ
ਥߦ╩⠪ߩⴕߞߚ⃻࿾⺞ᩏߦࠃߞߡᓧࠄࠇߚ߽ߩ
ಽ㊁ߦ᳞߼ߡ޿ࠆߎߣߢ޽ࠆ‫ޕ‬

ߢ޽ࠆ 6)‫ޔઁߩߘޕ‬D ኹߩ಴‛߿ D ኹ௯ଛࠍኻ

ᣂ੽ᢎㆇേߣ޿߁ⷰὐ߆ࠄ‫ޔ‬‫ޟ‬㐿⊒௯‫ߚߓ⺰ࠍޠ‬߽ߩߦߪ⍫㊁ߣᰞ੗ߩ⺰⠨߇޽ࠆ 5)‫ޕ‬⍫㊁ߪ‫ޟ‬㐿⽎ߣߒߚ⺰ᢥ╬߽⾗ᢱߣߒߡㆡቱෳᾖߒߡ޿ࠆ‫ޕ‬એਅߢߪ‫ ߕ߹ޔ‬I ᏧࠍขࠅᏎߊ␠ળⅣႺߢ޽ࠆ D⊒௯‫࡞ࡃ࡯ࡠࠣࠍޠ‬ൻᤨઍߦ߅ߌࠆ‫⪭᧛ޔ‬ㇱߢߩኹߣ‫ޔ‬వઍ߅ࠃ߮⃻૑⡯ߩᵴേࠍ᭎ⷰߒߚ਄ߢ‫ޔ‬Iᣂ੽ᢎㆇേߩ߭ߣߟߣߒߡ૏⟎ߠߌߡ޿ࠆ㨇⍫㊁
Ꮷߩᵴേࠍ⚫੺ߔࠆ‫ޕ‬
2004㧦62-65㨉
‫ޔߚ߹ޕ‬ᰞ੗ߪ‫ߩ࠴࠶࡞ࡔޔ‬ᣂߒ޿␠ળㆇേ⺰ࠍෳᾖߒ‫⃻ޔ‬ઍ࠲ࠗߣ޿߁ᓟᦼ⾗ᧄਥ(1) D ኹࠍขࠅᏎߊ␠ળⅣႺ
⟵␠ળߦ߅ߌࠆᣂ੽ᢎㆇേߣߒߡ‫ޔ‬ㇺᏒဳᣂቬᢎ
1㧕CD ᧛
㧔࠲ࡑࠞ࡯ࠗኹߣࠨࡦ࠹ࠖ࡮ࠕ࠰࡯ࠢㆇേ㧕ߣ੽࠼࡯ࠗࠨࠤ࠶࠻㇭ߪ࠴ࠚࡦࡑࠗᏒⴝ࿾߆ࠄ⚂ᢎવ⛔ߦࠃࠆ㐿⊒ታ〣㧔㐿⊒௯㧕ࠍขࠅ਄ߍ‫ޔ‬㐿
20km ർ᧲ㇱ߳ㅴࠎߛߣߎࠈߦ૏⟎ߔࠆ㧔࿑㧙1㧕‫ޕ‬⊒௯‫ࠍޠ‬ㄘ᧛ㇱߦ߅ߌࠆᣂ੽ᢎㆇേߣ૏⟎ߠߌߚ㨇ᰞ੗

1995‫࠴࠶࡞ࡔޔ‬1997㨉‫ޕ‬વ⛔⊛ߥ᧛⪭੽ᢎ߇Ꮣᣉߩ㊄㌛⊛ᄙኦࠍ┹߁௑ะߦ޽ࠆߩߦኻ

― 22 ―

࠲ࠗ⎇ⓥ No.8 2008

― 23 ―

‫␠ޟ‬ળߩߚ߼‫ࠆ߈↢ߦޠ‬௯ଛߚߜD ኹߩ޽ࠆ CD ඙ CD ᧛ߩઃㄭߪ‫ޔ‬ฎߊ߆ࠄ࠴

⛯ߌߡᲧਐ಴ኅࠍߒߚ W Ꮷߪ‫ࡦࠨ⋵ࠗࡑࡦࠚ࠴ޔ‬ࠚࡦࡑࠗ㧙࠴ࠚࡦ࡜࡯ࠗ㑆ߩ੤ᤃ࡞࡯࠻ߣߒߡᩕ

ࠟౝㇱߢ⌕ታߦࠠࡖ࡝ࠕࠕ࠶ࡊࠍᚑߒㆀߍ‫ޔ‬1956߃‫ޔ‬ጊᨋ࿾ߦ⥄↢ߔࠆࡒࠕࡦ㧔miang㧕7)ߩႮẃߌᐕߦߪ࠴ࠚࡦࡑࠗᏒౝߩࡉ࠶ࡄ࡯࡜࡯ࡓኹ㧔Wat

⽼ᄁ߇ਥⷐߥ↥ᬺߢ޽ߞߚ‫ޕ‬CD ᧛ߩ㐿ᜏߦߟ޿

Buppharam㧕૑⡯ߣߥߞߚ‫ࡓ࡯࡜࡯ࡄ࠶ࡉޕ‬ኹߩߡߪ‫ޔ‬㓞ធߔࠆ PK ᧛ߩ㐿ᜏ⠪࡮ࠗࡦ࠲࠙ࠜࡦ᳁

૑⡯ࠍോ߼ࠆறࠄ‫ޔ‬W Ꮷߪ‫৻⋵ࠗࡑࡦࠚ࠴ޔ‬Ꮺߩ৻ᣖߦࠃࠆߣ޿߁⺑߇᦭ജߢ޽ࠆ 8)‫ࠜ࠙࠲ࡦࠗޕ‬ㄘ᧛ߢ㐿⊒ᵴേࠍ㐿ᆎߒߚ‫ޕ‬ᵴേߩਥߥౝኈߪ‫ޔ‬ࡦ᳁߶߆࠲ࠗ࡮࡞࡯ᣖߩੱ߮ߣߪ‫ޔ‬19 ਎♿㗃࡜࡯දห⚵วߩ⸳┙‫ޔ‬ዬ૑࿾ߩᢛ஻‫ޔ‬ㄘ᳃ࠣ࡞࡯ࡊߩ

ࡦ࠽࡯₺ᦺߦࠃߞߡࠪ࠶ࡊ࠰࡯ࡦࡄࡦ࠽࡯߆ࠄㅪ

ᡰេ‫↥‛❱ޔ‬ᬺߩផㅴߥߤߢ‫ߩߘޔ‬ᄙߊߪ‫࡯࠼ޔ‬ࠇࠄࠇߚᓟߦ‫ޔ‬⒖૑ࠍ➅ࠅ㄰ߒ‫৻ޔ‬ㇱ߇⃻࿷ߩ࠼ࠗࠨࠤ࠶࠻㇭ߩㄘ᧛࿾ၞߦ㓸ਛߔࠆ㨇Thewan࡯ࠗࠨࠤ࠶࠻㇭ㄝࠅߦቯ૑ߒߚ 9)‫ࡦࠜ࠙࠲ࡦࠗޕ‬2005㧦16㨉‫ޕ‬W Ꮷ߇ D ኹߩ૑⡯ઍⴕࠍോ߼ߡ޿ߚ

᳁߇ CD ᧛ߦᏒࠍ┙ߡߚߎߣ߆ࠄ‫ޔ‬ᰴ╙ߦർ࠲ࠗߩߪ 5 ᐕ㑆ߦㆊ߉ߥ޿߇‫ߩߘޔ‬㑆ߪ‫ࠗ࡯࠼ߦ․ޔ‬ߩᐔ࿾᳃ࠦࡦ࡮ࡓࠕࡦ߿ਛ࿖♽ߩ‛ᄁࠅߚߜ߇㓸ࠨࠤ࠶࠻㇭ߢߩㄘ᧛㐿⊒ᵴേߦ♖ജ⊛ߦขࠅ⚵ࠎ૑ߔࠆࠃ߁ߦߥߞߚ‫⃻ޕ‬࿷ߩ CD ᧛૑᳃ߩਥⷐߥ

ߢ޿ߚ 12)‫ߩߘޕ‬ᓟ‫ޔ‬W Ꮷߦઍࠊߞߡ D ኹ૑⡯ߦ᳃ᣖ᭴ᚑߪࠦࡦ࡮ࡓࠕࡦߢ‫ޔ‬㇭ౝߩਥⷐߥ౏౒ᯏ

ዞછߒߚߩ߇‫⃻ޔ‬૑⡯ߩࡊ࡜࡮ࡐ࡯࠹ࠖ࡜ࡦࠪ࡯

㑐߇ߔߴߡ㓸߹ࠆਛᔃ࿾ߣߥߞߡ޿ࠆ‫ޕ‬ᱷᔨߥ߇Ꮷ㧔Phra Phothirangsi‫ޔ‬એਅ P Ꮷߣ⇛㧕ߢ޽ࠆ‫ޕ‬ࠄ‫ޔ‬D ኹߩᑪ┙ߦ㑐ߔࠆᢥሼ⾗ᢱߪᱷߐࠇߡ޿ߥ

P Ꮷߪ‫ޔ‬1945 ᐕ࠽࡯ࡦ⋵ਛᔃㇱߩ໡ኅߦ↢߹ࠇ޿ߚ߼‫⻠ޔ‬ၴ߿௯ဌߥߤ߇ᑪߡࠄࠇߚᤨᦼߪቯ߆

ߚ‫ޕ‬ῳߪ੽ᢎᓤ‫ޔ‬Უߪࠠ࡝ࠬ࠻ᢎᓤߩኅᐸߢ‫ޔ‬3ߢߥ޿‫ޕ‬વᛚߢߪ‫੽ޔ‬㒚ߩᤨઍߦਐߩ਄ߢ⿠ߎߞ

ੱఱᒉߩ㐳ఱߢ޽ߞߚ P Ꮷߪ‫ޔ‬࿾రߩࡊ࡜ࡀ࡯࠻

ߚਇนᕁ⼏ߥ಴᧪੐߇ D ኹ੽Ⴁߩ✼⿠ߣߐࠇߡ޿

ኹ㧔Wat Phranet㧕ߢኹሶߦߥࠆߣ‫ޔ‬16 ᱦߢᴕᒎࠆ 10)‫ᦨޕ‬ㄭ಴ߐࠇߚ D ኹߩ⾗ᢱߦࠃࠆߣ‫ޔ‬D ኹ಴ኅ‫ޔ‬21 ᱦߢᲧਐ಴ኅߒߚ‫ࠆߥࠄߐޕ‬ᢎ⢒ߩᯏળ

ߪ 1612 ᐕ ߦ ᑪ ┙ ߐ ࠇ ‫ ޔ‬1918 ᐕ ߦ ᵺ ၞࠍ᳞߼ߡ‫ޔ‬1971 ᐕߦ࠴ࠚࡦࡑࠗᏒౝߩࡉ࠶ࡄ࡯࡜

㧔wisungkhammasima㧕11)ࠍฃߌߚߣ⸥ߐࠇߡ޿

࡯ࡓኹߦ⒖ࠅ‫ ߢߎߘޔ‬W Ꮷߣ಴ળߞߚ‫ޕ‬1981 ᐕ‫ޔ‬ࠆ߇‫⾗ߩߤޔ‬ᢱࠍෳᾖߒߚ߆ߪਇ᣿ߢ޽ࠆ

P Ꮷߪ U Ꮷߦઍࠊߞߡ D ኹ૑⡯ߦዞછߒ‫ޔ‬ᢎ⢒㧔㇭㨇Phramaha Ruengsonwong 2001㧦5㨉‫ޕ‬ౝߩਛቇ࡮㜞ᩞߢߩ᝼ᬺ‫ޔ‬ᴕᒎߩ਎ଶ࡮ቬᢎᢎ⢒ߩ᜛ల㧕‫ޔ‬ቬᢎᏓᢎ㧔੽ᢎⴕ੐ߩ㐿௅‫੽ޔ‬ᣣ߿ⴕ੐

2㧕D ኹߩ᭎⇛ߩ㓙ߩ⺑ᴺ‫ޔ‬ᴕᒎߣᲧਐߩߚ߼ߩ⍁ᗐ⸠✵‫ޔ‬࿷ኅD ኹߢߪ‫ޔ‬1976 ᐕߦࡊ࡜࠹࡯ࡊ࡮࠙ࠖࠬ࠶࠹ࠖ

⠪ะߌߩ಴ኅᯏળߩഃ಴‫ޔ‬ᄐቄᴕᒎ಴ኅߩታᣉ㧕‫ޔ‬ࠢࡦᏧ㧔Phra Thep Wisuthikhun‫ޔ‬એਅ W Ꮷߣኹ㒮ᢛ஻㧔ฦ⒳ᣉ⸳ߩᑪ⸳߿ୃᓳ‫ޔ‬ᬀ᮸ߥߤ㧕‫ޔ‬࿾⇛㧕߇૑⡯ઍⴕ߅ࠃ߮࠼࡯ࠗࠨࠤ࠶࠻㇭ࠨࡦࠟ㐳ၞ㐿⊒㧔CD ᧛Ἣ⫋႐ᑪ⸳ߩᡰេ‫ޔ‬D ኹᚲ᦭࿾ߩ

ߦዞછߒߚ‫ ߩߎޕ‬W Ꮷ߇‫⃻ޔ‬૑⡯ߩవઍ૑⡯ߦᒰήఘ⾉ਈ㧕ߥߤ‫ޔ‬ᄙጘߦࠊߚࠆᵴേࠍዷ㐿ߒߡ߈ߚࠆ‫ޕ‬W Ꮷ㧔83 ᱦ㧕ߪ‫࡯ࡔ⋵ࡦ࡯࠰ࡦ࡯ࡎ࡯ࡔޔ‬ߚ 13)‫ߩࠄࠇߎޕ‬ᵴേ߇⹏ଔߐࠇ‫ޔ‬2000 ᐕ‫ޔ‬D ኹࠨ࡝ࠕࡦ㇭಴りߢ‫ޔ‬ᢎ⢒ᯏળࠍ᳞߼ߡ࿾రߢᴕᒎߪ ᢎ ⢒ ⋭ ቬ ᢎ ዪ ߆ ࠄ 㐿 ⊒ ᮨ ▸ ኹ 㒮 㧔 wat಴ኅߒߚᓟ‫ࠗࡑࡦࠚ࠴ޔ‬Ꮢౝߩኹ㒮߳⒖૑ߒߚ‫ޕ‬

phatthana tua yang㧕ߦㆬ಴ߐࠇߚ‫ޕ‬― 24 ―

࠲ࠗ⎇ⓥ No.8 2008

3㧕HIV/AIDS ߩᵹⴕߣ P Ꮷߩขࠅ⚵ߺ߽‫ޔ‬㇭┙∛㒮ߣදജߒߡ‫ޔ‬ᣂࡔࡦࡃ࡯ߦኻߔࠆࠞ

P Ꮷߩ᧪ኹએ㒠‫ޔ‬D ኹߪ࿾ၞ㐿⊒ᵴേߦᾲᔃߥ

࠙ࡦ࠮࡝ࡦࠣ߿‫࡯ࡃࡦࡔޔ‬ห჻ߦࠃࠆኅᐸ⸰໧ࠍ

ኹߣߒߡฬࠍ㚓ߖࠆࠃ߁ߦߥߞߚ‫߽ࠍ⋡▵ߩߘޕ‬ታᣉߒᆎ߼ߚ‫ ߡߒ߁ߎޕ‬P Ꮷߩᆎ߼ߚ HIV/AIDSߚࠄߒߚߩߪ HIV/AIDS ߩᵹⴕߢ޽ߞߚ‫੹ޕ‬ᣣ‫ޔ‬ࠤࠕᵴേ‫࠻࠶ࠤࠨࠗ࡯࠼ߦ․ޔ‬㇭ౝߩ HIV ᗵᨴ⠪P Ꮷߪ‫ޔ‬ർ࠲ࠗߩ௯ଛߩߥ߆ߢᦨ߽ᣧ޿ᤨᦼߦ

ቛ߳ߩኅᐸ⸰໧ߦ‫ޔ‬I Ꮷ߇หⴕߔࠆࠃ߁ߦߥࠆߣ‫ޔ‬

HIV/AIDS ࠤࠕᵴേࠍ㐿ᆎߒߚߣ⸒ࠊࠇ 14)‫ޔ‬P Ꮷ

߿߇ߡ I Ꮷߪ଻ஜ࡮⑔␩ᵴേߦኻߔࠆ㑐ᔃࠍ㜞߼⥄りߦ߽ߘߩ⥄⽶߇޽ࠆ 15)‫ޕ‬NGO ߥߤ߇ਥ௅ߔ

ߡ޿ߞߚ‫ޕ‬ࠆ HIV/AIDS 㑐ㅪߩ࠮ࡒ࠽࡯ߢߪ‫߫ߒ߫ߒޔ‬‫ޟ‬HIV/AIDS ߦᨐߚߔ௯ଛߩᓎഀ‫ࡑ࡯࠹߁޿ߣޠ‬(2) I Ꮷߩ੐଀߇⸳ቯߐࠇ‫ޔ‬P Ꮷ߿ I Ꮷ߇᜗⺧ߐࠇࠆ㨇Phonthip et1㧕⚻ᱧI Ꮷ㧔37 ᱦ㧕ߪ 1971 ᐕ‫ࠕࠖ࠙⋵ࠗࡑࡦࠚ࠴ޔ‬al. 1998㨉
‫ޕ‬
1980 ᐕઍᓟඨ߆ࠄ⁴ᆭࠍ߰ࠆߞߚ HIV/AIDSࡦࡋ࡯ࡦ㇭ߦ↢߹ࠇߚ‫ޕ‬ਔⷫߪ‫࡯ࡑࡦࡖࡒޔ‬㨯ࠪࡖߪ‫ޔ‬ㇺᏒㇱߩ․ቯߩ࡝ࠬࠢࠣ࡞࡯ࡊ㑆ߩߺߥࠄߕ‫ޔ‬ࡦᎺࠃࠅ࠲ࠗ࿖஥ߦ⒖ࠅ૑ࠎߛ࠲ࠗ࡮ࡗࠗ㧔ࠪࡖᰴ╙ߦ‫ޔ‬ᣣ㓹޿ഭ௛⠪߿ㄘ᳃ߩᄙߊ߇᥵ࠄߔㇺᏒࡦᣖ㧕ߢ‫ޔ‬I Ꮷߪੑੱఱᒉߩᰴ↵ߣߒߡ↢߹ࠇߚ‫ޕ‬ㄭ㇠ㇱߢ߽῜⊒⊛ߥᗵᨴ᜛ᄢࠍ᜗޿ߚ‫ࠨࠗ࡯࠼ޕ‬12 ᱦߩߣ߈‫ޔ‬ዊቇᩞ 6 ᐕࠍୃੌߒ‫ޔ‬࿾రߩኹ㒮ߢࠤ࠶࠻㇭߽߹ߚ‫ߥ⊛ဳౖޔ‬࿾ၞߩ৻ߟߢ޽ߞߚ‫ޕ‬ᴕᒎ಴ኅߒߚᓟ‫ࡦ࡯ࡋࡦࠕࠖ࠙ޔ‬㇭ౝࠧ࡯ࡦࡠࡓ

↰ㄝ߇⹦ߒߊ⺰ߓߡ޿ࠆࠃ߁ߦ‫ోޔ‬࿖ߢᦨ߽ᣧߊ

ኹ㧔Wat Kong Lom㧕߳⒖ߞߡീቇߦബࠎߛ‫ޕ‬಴┙ߜ਄߇ߞߚ⥄ഥࠣ࡞࡯ࡊ߇‫ᧂ࠻࠶ࠤࠨࠗ࡯࠼ޟ‬ኅߩℂ↱ߪ‫ߊߥ߽ߢઁޔ‬ᢎ⢒ᯏળߩㅊ᳞ߢ޽ࠆ‫ޕ‬‫ޠ‬੢ੱߩળ㧔klum mae mai amphoe Doi Saket㧕ߘߩᓟ‫ޔ‬16 ᱦߩߣ߈ߦⷫᣖߩ⚫੺ߢ D ኹ߳⒖ߞߢ‫ޔ‬
1989 ᐕߦߎߩ D ኹߢ⚿ᚑߐࠇߚ㨇↰ㄝߚ‫ ߩߘޕ‬2 ᐕᓟߦߪࡑࡂ࡯࠴ࡘ࡜࡯ࡠࡦࠦ࡯ࡦ੽

1999㨉
‫ޕ‬

ᒰೋߪ‫ޔ‬D ኹᚲ᦭࿾ߩήఘዬ૑࿾ၞౝߦ޽ࠆ‫ޔ‬หᢎᄢቇ࠴ࠚࡦࡑࠗᩞߦ౉ቇߒ‫ޔ‬ቬᢎቇࠍቇ߱‫ޕ‬21ળߩ࡝࡯࠳࡯ᅚᕈቛߦ HIV ᗵᨴ⠪߇㓸޿ᆎ߼ࠆᱦߢᲧਐ಴ኅߒߚ㓙ߪ‫ޔ‬P Ꮷ߇᝼ᚓᏧࠍോ߼ߚ‫ޕ‬Iᒻߢࠣ࡞࡯ࡊ߇ᒻᚑߐࠇߚ 16)‫ޕ‬P Ꮷߪ‫ޔ‬ᵴേߩ႐Ꮷߩᄢቇ࿷ቇਛߪ‫࠻࠶ࠤࠨࠗ࡯࠼ߤ߁ࠂߜޔ‬㇭ߥࠍតߒߡ޿ߚᓐ㧛ᓐᅚߚߜߦ‫ޔ‬D ኹᢝ࿾ߩ૶↪ࠍߤㇺᏒㄭ㇠ㇱߢ HIV ᗵᨴ߇῜⊒⊛ߦ᜛ᄢߒߚᤨ

⸵นߔࠆᒻߢᡰេࠍᆎ߼ߚ 17)‫ޕ‬D ኹᢝ࿾ߦ⸳┙ߐᦼߢ޽ࠅ‫ޔ‬P Ꮷ߇ HIV ᗵᨴ⠪ߩᡰេᵴേࠍ㐿ᆎߒࠇ ߚ ‫ ޟ‬ᘏ ᗲ ߣ េ ഥ ߩ ߚ ߼ ߩ ⽷ ࿅ ‫ޠ‬㧔 mulanithiߚᤨᦼߢ߽޽ߞߚ‫ޕ‬I Ꮷߪ‫ޔ‬P Ꮷߩᵴേࠍᚻવ߁ற

khwam metta lae uea ari㧕18)ߦߪ‫ޔ‬ᗵᨴ⠪ߚߜ߇ࠄ‫ޔ‬หᄢቇߩୃ჻⺖⒟ߦㅴቇߒߚ߇‫ߪߦ⊛⚳ᦨޔ‬㓸߹ߞߡ߶߁߈߿⿷᜞߈ࡑ࠶࠻ߩ⵾ㅧ⽼ᄁ‫ޔ‬㓸ળୃ჻⺰ᢥࠍឭ಴ߒߥ޿߹߹ḩᦼㅌቇߒߡ޿ࠆ‫ޕ‬߿࠮ࡒ࠽࡯ࠍ㐿௅ߔࠆࠃ߁ߦߥߞߚ‫ޔߦࠄߐޕ‬P
Ꮷߪ‫ޔ‬ᗵᨴ⠪߿ኅᣖߦኻߔࠆ♖␹⊛ߥബ߹ߒߣ‛2㧕଻ஜ࡮⑔␩ᵴേ

⾰㕙ߢߩេഥ㧔ነㅴ‛ߩ૛ࠅࠍᚻ࿯↥ߦߔࠆ╬㧕૑⡯ߩ P Ꮷ߇ 1990 ᐕߦ㇭ࠨࡦࠟ㐳ߦዞછߒߡ

ࠍ⋡⊛ߦ‫ޔ‬㇭ౝߩ HIV ᗵᨴ⠪ߩ߽ߣ߳⁛⥄ߩኅᐸ߆ࠄߪ‫ⴕࠟࡦࠨޔ‬᡽ߦ㑐ߔࠆળ⼏߿ⴕ੐ߩߚ߼ߦ

⸰໧߽㐿ᆎߒߚ 19)‫ޕ‬หᤨߦᗵᨴ⠪ߩ⥄ഥࠣ࡞࡯ࡊ

ᄙᔔࠍᭂ߼‫ޔ‬HIV/AIDS ࠤࠕᵴേߩ⃻႐ߦ߽ߥ߆

― 25 ―

‫␠ޟ‬ળߩߚ߼‫ࠆ߈↢ߦޠ‬௯ଛߚߜߥ߆⥄ಽߢⴕߊ૛⵨߇ߥߊߥߞߚ‫ޔߢߎߘޕ‬એ೨ᓎߣ޿ߞߚ߶߁߇⋧ᔕߒ޿‫ޕ‬ታ㓙‫ޔ‬I Ꮷ߽⸰໧ߦ

߆ࠄ P Ꮷߩᵴേࠍᚻવߞߡ޿ߚ I Ꮷ߇‫ޔ‬P Ꮷߦઍෳടߔࠆߎߣߪ޽ࠆ߇‫ࠈߒ߻ޔ‬⒘ߢ޽ࠆ‫߫߃଀ޕ‬ࠊߞߡਛᔃ⊛ߦᵴേߔࠆࠃ߁ߦߥߞߚ‫ޕ‬1996 ᐕߦ

2005 ᐕ 8 ᦬㨪2006 ᐕ 3 ᦬ߩ⸰໧ᵴേߢ‫╩ޔ‬⠪߇

ߪ CD ඙ࠛࠗ࠭ᆔຬળ
㧔kammakan AIDS tambonෳടߒߚ 12 ࿁ߩ߁ߜ‫ޔ‬I Ꮷߩෳടߪ 2 ࿁ߦㆊ߉ߥ

CD 㧕‫ ޔ‬2001 ᐕ ߦ ߪ CD ඙ ࡋ ࡞ ࠬ ࠤ ࠕ ᆔ ຬ ળ߆ߞߚ‫ޕ‬

㧔kammakan dulae sukkhaphap tambon CD㧕

I Ꮷߩࠃ߁ߥ௯ଛߪ‫ ߩ⥄⁛ޔ‬HIV/AIDS ࠤࠕᵴ߇⸳┙ߐࠇߚ߇‫ߜ┙ߩߘޔ‬਄ߍߩㆊ⒟ߦ I Ꮷ߽ෳേࠍዷ㐿ߔࠆߣ޿߁ᚻᴺࠃࠅ߽‫ޔ‬㇭┙∛㒮߿⥄ᴦടߒߡ޿ࠆ 20)‫ޕ‬ᓟ⠪ߣ೨⠪ߩ㆑޿ߪ‫ޔ‬ᆔຬળߩ㑐૕ࠍਛᔃߣߒߚ‫ޔ‬‫ࠍޠࠕࠤ࡮ࠖ࠹࠾ࡘࡒࠦޟ‬ᔒะߔᔃ߇ HIV/AIDS ߛߌߢߥߊ‫ޔ‬඙ౝߦ߅ߌࠆ଻ஜ࡮

ࠆ࿾ၞ࡟ࡌ࡞ߢߩᣂߒ޿଻ஜ࡮⑔␩ࠪࠬ࠹ࡓߩ᭴

⑔␩ో⥸߳ߣᐢ߇ߞߡ޿ࠆߎߣߢ޽ࠆ‫ޕ‬▽ߦෳടߔࠆᚻᴺࠍߣߞߡ޿ࠆ 21)‫ޔ߼ߚߩߘޕ‬I

 CD ඙ࡋ࡞ࠬࠤࠕᆔຬળߪ‫ޔ‬㇭┙∛㒮ߩකᏧ‫ޔ‬Ꮷ߇ᵴേࠍⴕߞߡ޿ࠆ߆ࠄߣ⸒ߞߡ‫ࠃߩߡߟ߆ޔ‬⋴⼔Ꮷ‫⥄ޔ‬ᴦ૕⡯ຬ‫଻ޔ‬ஜࡏ࡜ࡦ࠹ࠖࠕ‫ޔ‬ฦ᧛ߩ߁ߦ‫ޔ‬D ኹߩᢝ࿾ߦ HIV ᗵᨴ⠪ࠣ࡞࡯ࡊ߇㗫❥ߦ᧛㐳‫ޔ‬HIV ᗵᨴ⠪‫੽߮ࠃ߅ޔ‬ᢎ௯ߦࠃߞߡ᭴ᚑߐ

಴౉ࠅߔࠆࠃ߁ߥ㘑᥊ߪ߶ߣࠎߤ⷗ࠄࠇߥ޿‫ߒޕ‬ࠇࠆ‫ޕ‬ᵴേౝኈߪ‫ޔ‬ኅᐸ⸰໧ࡊࡠࠫࠚࠢ࠻㧔2002

߆ߒ‫৻ߩߘޔ‬ᣇߢ D ኹߦ㓸߹ࠆߩߪ‫ޔ‬HIV/AIDSᐕ㨪㧕‫ޔ‬਎⇇ࠛࠗ࠭࠺࡯࡮ࠗࡌࡦ࠻ߩ㐿௅㧔Ფᐕࠤࠕᵴേࠍⴕ߁௯ଛߚߜߢ‫ޔ‬ᓐࠄߪ⥄ಽߚߜ߇ᨐ

12 ᦬ 1 ᣣ㧕‫ޔ‬CD ඙ౝߩੱ‫ߩޘ‬ஜᐽ␨㗿ߩߚ߼ߩߚߔߴ߈ᓎഀߪ૗߆‫ࠍ⺰⼏ߚߞ޿ߣޔ‬ᵴ⊒ߦ➅ࠅࠬ࡯ࡊ࠴ࡖ࠲࡯࡮࡞ࠕࡦ㧔suepchata luang㧕௾␞ᐢߍߡ޿ࠆ‫ߩߘޕ‬㓙‫ޔ‬௯ଛߚߜߪ‫ޔ‬D ኹߩ P Ꮷ߿ߩ㐿௅㧔Ფᐕ 1 ᦬㧕‫ޔ‬1 ੱ㧝ࡃ࡯࠷ၮ㊄ߩ⸳┙‫ߥޔ‬‫ࡦࡖ࠵࡯ࡔ⋵ࠗ࡯࡜ࡦࠚ࠴ޟ‬㇭ࠨࡦࠟࠛࠗ࠭⚵ߤ߇޽ࠆ‫߽ᦨޔߜ߁ߩߎޕ‬ਛᔃ⊛ߥᵴേߪኅᐸ⸰❱ ‫ޠ‬㧔 ongkon AIDS khanasong amphoe Mae໧ࡊࡠࠫࠚࠢ࠻ߢ‫ޔ‬ᆔຬળࡔࡦࡃ࡯ߣฦ᧛ߩ଻ஜ

Chan changwat Chiang Rai㧕ߩኅᐸ⸰໧ᵴേࠍ

ࡏ࡜ࡦ࠹ࠖࠕ߇⸰໧࠴࡯ࡓࠍ⚵߻‫⸰ޕ‬໧࠴࡯ࡓߪ‫ޔ‬ᮨ▸଀ߣߒߡขࠅ਄ߍ‫ޔ‬௯ଛߦࠃࠆ଻ஜ࡮⑔␩ᵴ

‫ޟ‬࿎⧰ߦ޽ࠆੱ߮ߣ‫ޠ‬㧔khon thi thuk yak㧕ࠍኻേࠍฦ࿾ߢታᣉߔࠆࠃ߁ଦㅴߒߡ޿ࠆ‫ޕ‬⽎ߣߒ‫ޔ‬CD ඙ౝߩ᧛㧔ో 13 ߆᧛㧕ࠍㅳߦ 1 ߟߕߟ⸰໧ߔࠆ‫ޕ‬ታ㓙ߩ⸰໧ߢߪ‫⼔⋴ޔ‬Ꮷ߇ਥዉᮭࠍ

3㧕௯ଛߩࡀ࠶࠻ࡢ࡯ࠢ૞ࠅ

ីࠅ‫ⴊޔ‬࿶᷹ቯ‫ߩ↪᦯⮎ޔ‬ᜰዉ‫ⴕޔ‬᡽ࠨ࡯ࡆࠬߩ

I Ꮷߪ‫⋵ࠗࡑࡦࠚ࠴ޔ‬ౝߛߌߢߪߥߊ‫ޔ‬ർ࠲ࠗㆡᔕ߇ᬌ⸛ߐࠇࠆ‫ޕ‬I Ꮷ߿ઁߩ௯ଛ߇⸰໧ߦෳട

࿾ၞ৻Ꮺ߿ࡃࡦࠦࠢߥߤ߽߳‫ޔ‬㗫❥ߦળ⼏߿࠮ࡒߒߚ႐วߪ‫ࠍ♻✎ޔߦ߼ߚߩੱ߻ߒ⧰ߦ∛ޔ‬ᚻ㚂࠽࡯ߦ಴߆ߌߡ޿ࠆ‫ޕ‬I Ꮷߪ߆ߟߡ‫ޔ‬HIV/AIDSߦᝬ߈ߟߌߚࠅ‫⚻ޔ‬ᢥࠍ໒߃ߚࠅߣ‫ߩઁޔ‬ᆔຬળߦ㑐ߔࠆ࠮ࡒ࠽࡯ߦෳടߒߚ㓙‫ޔ‬๟࿐߆ࠄ‫ߦઁޟ‬ࡔࡦࡃ࡯ߣߪ⇣ߥࠆᓎഀࠍ⷗ߖߡ޿ࠆ‫ޕ‬

HIV/AIDS ࠤࠕᵴേࠍⴕ߁௯ଛߪ޿ߥ޿ߩ߆㧫 ‫ޠ‬ I Ꮷ߇ߎߩᆔຬળߦ߅޿ߡᚽⷡࠍ⊒ើߔࠆߩߪ‫ޔ‬ߣ⾰໧ߐࠇ‫⚻ߚߒ┆ߦ߃╵ޔ‬㛎ࠍᔓࠇࠄࠇߥ޿ߢ

ታ㓙ߩ⸰໧⃻႐ࠃࠅ߽‫ޔ‬ᆔຬળߩળ⼏ߢᵴേౝኈ

޿ࠆ 22)‫ޔߦߌ߆ߞ߈ࠍߣߎߩߎޕ‬I Ꮷߪ HIV/AIDS߿ᣇ㊎ߦߟ޿ߡ⹤ߒว߁႐㕙ߢ޽ࠆ‫ޔ߼ߚߩߘޕ‬ࠤࠕᵴേࠍⴕ߁ᢙዋߥ޿⍮ੱ௯ଛߦჿࠍ߆ߌᆎ߼‫ޔ‬࡝࡯࠳࡯ࠪ࠶ࡊߩᒝ޿ਥዉ⠪ߣ޿߁ࠃࠅߪ‫⺞ޔ‬ᢛ

2000 ᐕ ߦ ߪ ർ ࠲ ࠗ ࿾ ၞ ৻ Ꮺ ߢ ‫ ␠ ޟ‬ળ ߩ ߚ ߼ ‫ޠ‬― 26 ―

࠲ࠗ⎇ⓥ No.8 2008

㧔phuea sangkhom㧕ߩ઀੐ࠍߔࠆ௯ଛ⚂ 100 ੱ߹ߚ‫ޔ‬I Ꮷߪ‫⥄ޔ‬ಽߩߎࠇ߹ߢߩ઀੐ࠍ‫␠ޟ‬ળࠍ D ኹߦ㓸߼ߚ‫ߩߘޕ‬㓸߹ࠅߪ‫ޔ‬‫ޟ‬ർ࠲ࠗࠦࡒࡘ

ߩߚ߼‫઀ߩޠ‬੐ߣᝒ߃‫ޔ‬P Ꮷߩறࠄߢቇࠎߛ⚻㛎࠾࠹ࠖ㐿⊒௯ࡀ࠶࠻ࡢ࡯ࠢ‫ޠ‬㧔 khrueakhai phra߇಴⊒ὐߛߣℂ⸃ߒߡ޿ࠆ‫ޔߚ߹ޕ‬ᓐߦߣߞߡ‫␠ޟ‬nak phatthana chumchon phak nuea㧕ߩ೨りߣળߩߚ߼‫઀ߩޠ‬੐ߪ੽ᢎߩᨐߚߔߴ߈છോߢ޽ࠅ‫ޔ‬ߥߞߚ‫ޕ‬หࡀ࠶࠻ࡢ࡯ࠢߢߪ I Ꮷ߇ਛᔃߣߥࠅ‫ޔ‬‫ޟ‬௯ଛߢ޽ࠆߎߣߩᗧ๧ߪ‫ࠍ⧰ߩߣ߮ੱޔ‬ᶖṌߐࡑࡂ࡯࠴ࡘ࡜࡯ࡠࡦࠦ࡯ࡦ੽ᢎᄢቇ࠴ࠚࡦࡑࠗᩞ

ߖࠆߎߣ‫੽߇ߘߎࠇߘޔࠅ޽ߢޠ‬㒚ߩᢎ߃ߩᦨ߽

ߩ޽ࠆ‫ࠗࡑࡦࠚ࠴ޔ‬Ꮢౝߩࠬࠕࡦ࠼࡯ࠢኹ㧔Watᩮᐙߢ޽ࠆߣ⠨߃ࠆ‫ޕ‬Suan Dok㧕߿ D ኹࠍ᜚ὐߦ‫ޔ‬ᖱႎ࡮ᗧ⷗੤឵ߩ
ߚ߼ߩ࠮ࡒ࠽࡯߿ળ⼏ࠍ㐿௅ߒߡ޿ࠆ‫ޔߚ߹ޕ‬ർ߆ߟߡߩ⡛ੱߣหߓࠃ߁ߥታ〣ߦ߰ߌࠆߎ

࠲ࠗฦ࿾ߦ޿ࠆࡔࡦࡃ࡯ߩᵴേࠍ⷗ቇߒߚࠅ‫ޔ‬㔀ߣߪߢ߈ߥ޿߇‫ޔ‬ᚒ‫ߪޘ‬ಠੱ‫ޔ‬ଶੱߢ޽ࠆ

⹹ࠍ⊒ⴕߒߚࠅ߽ߒߡ޿ࠆ 23)‫ޕ‬ߎߣ߽߹ߚ੐ታߢ޽ࠆ‫ߩߣ߮ੱޕ‬ᔃࠍシߊ

ߐࠄߦ 2006 ᐕ 1 ᦬ߦߪ‫ޔ‬I Ꮷࠄߪ HIV/AIDSߒ‫ޔ‬ᭉߦߒߡ޽ߍࠆߎߣ߇ߢ߈ࠇ߫‫ࠇߘޔ‬

ߩߺߦ․ൻߒߡ‫ࠗ࠲ޟ‬࿖ࠛࠗ࠭ߦ㑐ߔࠆ௯ଛࡀ࠶

ߢࠃ޿‫ޕ‬ᶔ᭯ߩༀ࿃ༀᨐߦ೔㆐ߔࠆࠃ߁ߥ

࠻ࡢ࡯ࠢ‫ޠ‬㧔khrueakhai phrasong dan AIDS naiታ〣ߪߢ߈ߥߊߣ߽‫ࠍ⧰ߩߣ߮ੱޔ‬ᶖṌߒprathet Thai, Monks Network Working on AIDS

ߡ޽ߍࠆߎߣ߇ߢ߈ߥߊߣ߽‫ࠍ⧰ޔ‬๺ࠄߍ

of Thailand=Mnat 㧕 ࠍ ┙ ߜ ਄ ߍ ߚ ‫ޔ ߪ ࠇ ߎ ޕ‬ࠆ㧔bao bang㧕ߎߣ߇ߢ߈ࠇ߫ߘࠇߢࠃ޿‫ޕ‬

HIV/AIDS ࠤࠕᵴേࠍⴕ߁௯ଛ߇‫ోޔ‬࿖࡟ࡌ࡞ߢ

⍁ᗐߢᶔ᭯ߦ೔㆐ߔࠆߎߣ߇ߢ߈ߡ߽‫ߘޔ‬ㅪ៤ߒ‫ޔ‬੕޿ߦᗧ⷗੤឵ߔࠆ߽ߩߢ޽ࠆ 24)‫ޕ‬ᵴേࠇߪ⥄ಽ৻ੱߛߌߩߎߣߦߔ߉ߥ޿‫ޕ‬ᚒ‫ޘ‬ౝኈߪ‫ޔ‬ෳടࡔࡦࡃ࡯ߩ௯ଛߚߜߩᵴേႎ๔߿‫ޔ‬ߪੱ߮ߣߩ⧰ࠍシᷫߔࠆߎߣࠍᚻવ߁߶߁

ઁቬᢎߩࡀ࠶࠻ࡢ࡯ࠢߣߩᗧ⷗੤ᵹળ‫ޔ‬ㄭ㓞⻉࿖߇᳇ᜬߜࠃߊ‫ޔ‬ᐘߖߢ޽ࠆ‫ޕ‬㧔࡜ࠝࠬ‫ߤߥࡓ࠽࠻ࡌޔ‬㧕ߩ௯ଛߣߩ੤ᵹ࠷ࠕ࡯

㧔2007 ᐕ 9 ᦬ 1 ᣣ I Ꮷ߳ߩࠗࡦ࠲ࡆࡘ࡯㧕ታᣉߥߤߢ޽ࠆ‫ޕ‬ߎߩࠃ߁ߥ⠨߃ࠍ߽ߟ I Ꮷߪ‫ޔ‬‫ޟ‬ർ࠲ࠗࠦࡒࡘ࠾
4㧕I Ꮷߩ⠨߃ߣ⥄りߦࠃࠆ⸃㉼࠹ࠖ㐿⊒௯ࡀ࠶࠻ࡢ࡯ࠢ‫ࠖ࠹࠾ࡘࡒࠦߩޠ‬㐿⊒௯

2005 ᐕ 5 ᦬⃻࿷‫ޔ‬D ኹߦߪᲧਐ 27 ฬ߇ᱛ૑ߒ
ߡ߅ࠅ 25)‫ޔ‬D ኹߪㇺᏒㄭ㇠㇭ߩਛᩭኹ㒮ߣ޿߁᭽ߣߪ‫ޔ‬‫␠ޟ‬ળߩߚ߼‫઀ߦޠ‬੐ࠍߔࠆ௯ଛߩߎߣߢ޽
ࠆߣ⺑᣿ߔࠆ 27)‫ޕ‬⋧ࠍ๒ߒߡ޿ࠆ‫ޕ‬P Ꮷ߇ࠨࡦࠟⴕ᡽ߢᄙᔔߦߥࠆ
ߣ‫઀ߩߢ߹ࠇߎޔ‬੐ࠍᒉሶ௯ଛߚߜߦᒁ߈⛮ߋᔅⷐ߇಴ߡ߈ߚ‫ߤ߶ࠇߎޕ‬ᄙߊߩᲧਐ߇ዬࠇ߫‫ޔ‬I

4. ⠨ኤ㧦‫␠ޟ‬ળߩߚ߼‫ߩߣߎࠆ߈↢ߦޠ‬ᗧ๧Ꮷએᄖߩ௯ଛߦ଻ஜ࡮⑔␩ᵴേࠍᒁ߈⛮ߋߎߣ߽ߎࠇ߹ߢᬌ⸛ߒߡ߈ߚ‫ޔ‬D ኹ௯ଛ I Ꮷߩ‫␠ޟ‬ળน⢻ߢ޽ߞߚߪߕߛ߇‫ޔ‬I Ꮷ߇৻᜼ߦᒁ߈ฃߌߡ

ߩߚ߼‫઀ߩޠ‬੐ߪ‫ޔ‬௯ଛ୘ੱߩ࡟ࡌ࡞ߦ߅޿ߡ‫ޔ‬޿ࠆ‫ߩߘޕ‬ℂ↱ࠍ‫ޔ‬P Ꮷ߽ I Ꮷ߽ߘࠇߙࠇ‫ߩߎޔ‬߹ߚ␠ળ⊛ߥ࡟ࡌ࡞ߦ߅޿ߡ‫ߥ߁ࠃߩߤޔ‬ᗧ๧ࠍ

ಽ㊁ߦ߅ߌࠆ I Ꮷߩ㑐ᔃߩ㜞ߐߦࠃߞߡ⺑᣿ߔࠆ 26)‫ޕ‬߽ߟߩߛࠈ߁߆‫ޕ‬― 27 ―

‫␠ޟ‬ળߩߚ߼‫ࠆ߈↢ߦޠ‬௯ଛߚߜ ᢎ⢒ᯏળࠍ᳞߼ߡ಴ኅߒ‫ⷫޔ‬ᣖߩ⚫੺ࠍ㗬ߞߡߚ߇‫ޔ‬P Ꮷ⥄りߦߣߞߡߪ‫߽ࠇߎޔ‬᏷ᐢߊዷ㐿ߔD ኹߦ߿ߞߡ߈ߚ I Ꮷߦߣߞߡߩ⋥ធ⊛ߥᏧߣߪࠆ‫␠ޟ‬ળߩߚ߼‫઀ߩޠ‬੐ߩ߭ߣߟߢ޽ߞߚ‫ޕ‬P Ꮷ૑⡯ߩ P Ꮷߢ޽ߞߚ‫ ߩߘޕ‬P Ꮷߪ‫ޔ‬‫ޟ‬௯ଛ߇␠ળ

ߩߎࠇ߹ߢߩ‫␠ޟ‬ળߩߚ߼‫઀ߩޠ‬੐߇‫ࠟࡦࠨޔ‬ౝߩߚ߼ߦ઀੐ࠍߔࠆߎߣߪ‫੽ޔ‬㒚߇ೋ߼߆ࠄᲧਐ

ㇱ‫ޔ‬ቬᢎዪ߿ NGO ߥߤ⻉࿅૕߆ࠄ⴫ᓆࠍฃߌ‫ޔ‬Pߦᝤߍߚછോߢ޽ࠆ‫ߣޠ‬ᢿ⸒ߔࠆ‫ߩߘޕ‬ᩮ᜚ߣߥᏧߪ‫ޟ‬㐿⊒௯‫ߣޠ‬๭߫ࠇࠆࠃ߁ߦߥߞߚ߇‫ޔ‬P Ꮷࠆߩߪ‫ޟ‬Ყਐߚߜࠃ‫߅ޔ‬೨ߚߜߪ‫ޔ‬਎⇇ߩੱ‫ߩޘ‬⥄り߇⥄ࠄࠍ‫ޟ‬㐿⊒௯‫ߣޠ‬ฬਸ਼ࠆߎߣߪ᳿ߒߡߥ

ߚ߼ߦᓎ┙ߜ‫ޔ‬ᐘߖߦߥࠆߎߣࠍⴕ޿‫ޔ‬㆏ࠍᱠߺ޿‫⚿ޕ‬ᨐ⊛ߦ‫ޔ‬P Ꮷߩขࠅ⚵ߺߪ‫ޔ‬‫ޟ‬ᘏᗲߦḩߜߚߚ߹߃‫ޠ‬28)ߣ޿߁ਃ⬿ߩਛߩ৻▵ߢ޽ࠆ‫╩ޕ‬⠪߇࡞ࠕࡦࡐ࡯‫ ߟ߽߇ߣ߮᧛߁޿ߣޠ‬P Ꮷߩࠗࡔ࡯ࠫ

૗ᐲ߽⡞߆ߐࠇߚ‫ޔ‬‫ޟ‬௯ଛߪ␠ળߩߚ߼ߦ௛߆ߨ߫

ࠍౣ↢↥ߒ‫ޔ‬࿾ၞ␠ળࠍ⿧߃ߚ◊ାኅ߆ࠄߩᄙ㗵ߥ ࠄ ߥ ޿ ‫ޠ‬㧔 phra tong thamngan phueaߩᏓᣉࠍ߭߈ߟߌ‫ޔ‬D ኹߩ⚻ᷣ⊛❥ᩕࠍ߽߽ߚࠄ

sangkhom㧕ߣ޿߁ P Ꮷߩࡈ࡟࡯࠭ߪ‫ߎߦߐ߹ޔ‬ߒߡ޿ࠆ‫ ߥ߁ࠃߩߎޕ‬P Ꮷߩᵴേߪ‫ޔ‬D ኹ૑⡯߆߁ߒߚᢎ߃ߦၮߠߊ߽ߩߢ޽ߞߚ‫ޔߡߒߘޕ‬P Ꮷߟ࠼࡯ࠗࠨࠤ࠶࠻㇭ࠨࡦࠟ㐳ߣ޿߁‫ޔ‬㇭ࠨࡦࠟ㨯߇ߎߩࠃ߁ߦᒉሶࠍᜰዉߔࠆߩߪ‫ߩࠄ⥄ޔ‬Ꮷߢ޽ࡅࠛ࡜࡞ࠠ࡯ߩ࠻࠶ࡊߣߒߡߩ P Ꮷߩ࿾૏ࠍᡰ߃

ࠆ W Ꮷߦหߓࠃ߁ߦᜰዉߐࠇߡ߈ߚߣ޿߁⚻✲ࠆ߽ߩߢ޽ࠆ‫ޕ‬߇޽ࠆ‫ޕ‬I Ꮷ߇‫␠ޟ‬ળߩߚ߼‫઀ߩޠ‬੐ߦ♖ജ⊛ߦ ߘࠇߦኻߒߡ‫ޔ‬I Ꮷߩ‫␠ޟ‬ળߩߚ߼‫઀ߩޠ‬੐ߪ‫ޔ‬ขࠅ⚵ࠎߢ߈ߚߩߪ‫ޔ‬ߎߩࠃ߁ߥ P Ꮷߣߩ಴ળ޿‫ޔ‬

HIV/AIDS ࠍਛᔃߣߔࠆ࿾ၞ࡟ࡌ࡞ߢߩ଻ஜ࡮⑔

ߐࠄߦߪ D ኹߦ߅޿ߡ W Ꮷ߆ࠄ P Ꮷ‫ޔ‬P Ꮷ߆ࠄ I␩ᵴേߦ㒢ቯߐࠇߡ޿ࠆ‫ޕ‬หߓ D ኹߩ⧯ᚻ௯ଛ

Ꮷ߳‫␠ޟ‬ળߩߚ߼ߩ‫઀ޠ‬੐߇ฃߌ⛮߇ࠇߡ޿ࠆߎ

㧔25㨪35 ᱦ㧕ߩ߶ߣࠎߤߪ‫ޔ‬ቇ჻એ਄ߩቇᱧࠍ᦭

ߣ߇⢛᥊ߣߥߞߡ޿ࠆߩߢ޽ࠆ‫ޕ‬ߒ‫ޔ‬หኹౝߢ૑⡯⒁ᦠ‫ࠝࠫ࡜࡮ࠖ࠹࠾ࡘࡒࠦޔ‬ㆇ I Ꮷ߽߹ߚ‫ޔ‬P Ꮷ߿ W Ꮷߣห᭽ߦ‫ޔ‬‫␠ޟ‬ળߩߚ߼

༡‫ޔ‬㆏ᓼࠠࡖࡦࡊ⋙〈‫ޔ‬ᴕᒎቇᩞߩ▤ℂ࡮ㆇ༡‫ޔ‬ߩ઀੐‫ࠍޠ‬௯ଛߩⴕ߁ߴ߈છോߣ⠨߃‫ߢ߹ࠇߎޔ‬ࡄ࡯࡝⺆ᢎᏧ‫ߩߤߥޔ‬ᓎഀࠍߘࠇߙࠇಽᜂߒߡ޿

Ⓧᭂ⊛ߦ HIV/AIDS ࠍਛᔃߦ࿾ၞ࡟ࡌ࡞ߢߩ଻

ࠆ‫ޕ‬I Ꮷ߽߹ߚ‫⧯ߩઁޔ‬ᚻ௯ଛߚߜߣห᭽ߦ‫ޔ‬ᢎஜ࡮⑔␩ᵴേߦขࠅ⚵ࠎߢ߈ߚ‫ޕ‬⢒ᯏળࠍ᳞߼ߡ಴ኅߒ‫ୃޔ‬჻ภ߳ߩ㆏ߩࠅࠍᱠࠎ

ߒ߆ߒ‫ޔ‬ᓐߩขࠅ⚵ߺߪ‫ޔ‬P Ꮷߩⴕߞߡ߈ߚ‫␠ޟ‬ߛ‫ޔߚ߹ޕ‬ᴕᒎᤨઍ߆ࠄߩ‫⛘ޟ‬ኻߦࡊ࡜ࡑࡂ࡯ߦ

ળߩߚ߼‫઀ߩޠ‬੐ో૕ߩ৻ㇱಽߦㆊ߉ߥ޿‫ޕ‬P Ꮷߥߞߡߺߖࠆ‫߁޿ߣޠ‬ᄞࠍታ⃻ߔࠆߴߊࡄ࡯࡝⺆ߪ‫ޔ‬HIV/AIDS ࠤࠕᵴേࠍ㐿ᆎߔࠆએ೨߆ࠄ‫ޔ‬ᴕ⹜㛎 6 ⚖ߦ߽วᩰߒߚ‫ޔߒ߆ߒޕ‬P Ꮷߩ HIV/AIDSᒎ߅ࠃ߮৻⥸࿷ኅ⠪ߩᢎ⢒ⅣႺߩะ਄ࠍ⋡ᜰߔᵴࠤࠕᵴേࠍᚻવ߁ࠃ߁ߦߥߞߡ߆ࠄߪ‫଻ޔ‬ஜ࡮⑔േߦࠃߞߡ‫ޔ‬ኹ㒮߅ࠃ߮࿾ၞ␠ળߩ㐿⊒ߦജࠍᵈ␩ಽ㊁ߢߩ࿾ၞ㐿⊒ᵴേߦኻߔࠆ㑐ᔃࠍ߹ߔ߹ߔ

޿ߢ߈ߚ‫ޕ‬HIV/AIDS ࠤࠕᵴേࠍ㐿ᆎߒߚߩߪ‫ޔ‬ᷓ߼ࠆࠃ߁ߦߥߞߚ‫ޔ߼ߚߩߘޕ‬D ኹౝ߅ࠃ߮๟

1980 ᐕઍᧃ‫ޔ‬D ኹ๟ㄝߦ߅޿ߡ߽ HIV ᗵᨴ߇᜛ㄝߩ࿾ၞ␠ળߦ߅޿ߡ‫ޔ‬P Ꮷߦઍࠊࠆ଻ஜ࡮⑔␩

ᄢߒ‫ޔ‬ᄙߊߩ AIDS ᖚ⠪߇↢߹ࠇߚߎߣ߇߈ߞ߆

ಽ㊁ᜂᒰߩ௯ଛߣߒߡߩ૏⟎ߠߌࠍ▽߈ߟߟ޽ࠆ‫ޕ‬ߌߢ޽ߞߚ‫ޕ‬P Ꮷߪ┙ߜ਄߇ࠅ‫ޔ‬࿾రߩᗵᨴ⠪⥄ߒ߆ߒ‫੹ޔ‬ᣣ‫ޔ‬D ኹ๟ㄝߩ࿾ၞ␠ળߦ߅޿ߡߺࠄ

ഥࠣ࡞࡯ࡊߩᡰេ߿⁛⥄ߩኅᐸ⸰໧ᵴേࠍ㐿ᆎߒࠇࠆߩߪ‫ߩઁޔ‬ർ࠲ࠗ࿾ၞߣห᭽ߦ‫ޔ‬㇭∛㒮‫⥄ޔ‬― 28 ―

࠲ࠗ⎇ⓥ No.8 2008ᴦ૕‫ޔ‬HIV ᗵᨴ⠪ࠣ࡞࡯ࡊ߿଻ஜࡏ࡜ࡦ࠹ࠖࠕߥ

ㆇേߣ޿߁ࠃࠅ߽‫⁁߁޿ߣࠖ࠹࠾࠳ࡕޔ‬ᴫਅߦ߅ߤߦࠃࠆࠦࡒࡘ࠾࠹ࠖ࡮ࠤࠕࠪࠬ࠹ࡓߩ᭴▽ߢ޽޿ߡਇ⏕ቯߥ⥄Ꮖߣะ߈ว޿‫ޔ‬୘ߩ࡟ࡌ࡞ߢᓥ᧪

ࠆ‫ޕ‬CD ඙ࡋ࡞ࠬࠤࠕᆔຬળߩ⸳┙ߪ‫ߚߒ߁ߎޔ‬ߩ௯ଛߩ޽ࠅᣇߣߩ㑆ߦ⪾⮮ࠍᛴ߃ߚ௯ଛߚߜߩ

േ߈ߩ⃻ࠊࠇߢ޽ࠆ‫ޕ‬௯ଛߚߜߪ⁛⥄ߦᵴേࠍⴕ

ࠕࠗ࠺ࡦ࠹ࠖ࠹ࠖᮨ⚝ߩㆊ⒟ߣߒߡᝒ߃ࠄࠇࠆߩ

߁ࠃࠅ߽‫ࠍࠕࠤ࡮ࠖ࠹࠾ࡘࡒࠦߥ߁ࠃߩߎޔ‬ᔒะߢߪߥ޿ߛࠈ߁߆‫ޕ‬‫ޟ‬㐿⊒௯‫ߩߘޔߪߣޠ‬㓙ߦ௯ଛߔࠆേ߈ߦ‫৻ޔ‬ຬߣߒߡෳടߔࠆߎߣߦࠃߞߡ‫ޔ‬ߚߜߦࠃߞߡ↪޿ࠄࠇࠆ⸒⺑ߥߩߢ޽ࠆ‫ޕ‬ߘߩਛߢߩ⥄ࠄߩᓎഀࠍ⷗಴ߘ߁ߣߒߡ޿ࠆ‫ޕ‬I
Ꮷ߽߹ߚ‫ߥ߁ࠃߩߎޔ‬ᣂߒ޿଻ஜ࡮⑔␩ࠪࠬ࠹ࡓ
᭴▽ߦෳടߔࠆߎߣ߇‫ޔ‬‫␠ޟ‬ળߩߚ߼‫઀ߩޠ‬੐ߣߥ

5. ߅ࠊࠅߦ
਄ᐳ੽ᢎߩ௯ଛߚߜߪ‫↢ޔ‬ᵴߩߐ߹ߑ߹ߥ㕙ߢࠆߣ⠨߃ߡ޿ࠆߩߢ޽ࠆ‫ޕ‬ I Ꮷᦚߊ‫ޔ‬‫ޟ‬P Ꮷߦߪ૑⡯ߣߒߡߩജ㧔barami㧕৻⥸ߩ࿷ኅ⠪ߚߜߣ᣿⏕ߦ඙೎ߐࠇࠆ߇ࠁ߃ߦ‫ޔ‬߇஻ࠊߞߡ޿ࠆ߇‫⥄ޔ‬ಽߦߪߥ޿‫ޠ‬‫ࠃߩߘޔߚ߹ޕ‬੽ᴺࠍ⛮ᛚߔࠆߦ߰ߐࠊߒ޿⠪ߣߥࠅ‫ߘޔߚ߹ޔ‬߁ߥ P Ꮷߦߟ޿ߡ‫ޔ‬I Ꮷߪ‫࡯ࡐࡦࠕ࡞ޟ‬㧔P Ꮷߩߩࠃ߁ߥ௯ଛߩ౒ห૕ߣߒߡߩࠨࡦࠟߪᷡᵺᕈࠍ

ߎߣ㧕ߪᧄᒰߩ㐿⊒௯‫ޟޔޠ‬ᘏᗲߦḩߜߚ௯ଛ‫ߣޠ‬଻ߟߎߣ߇น⢻ߣߥࠆ‫ߩߎޕ‬ᷡᵺᕈߎߘ߇‫ޔ‬࿷ኅઔ޿ߢ޿ࠆ 29)‫ޕ‬I Ꮷߪ‫ޔ‬P Ꮷ߆ࠄฃߌ⛮޿ߛ‫␠ޟ‬⠪ߚߜߦߣߞߡ‫ޔ‬ᓼࠍ↢ߺ಴ߔ⑔↰ߣߒߡࠨࡦࠟ

ળߩߚ߼‫઀ߩޠ‬੐ࠍ‫ޔ‬HIV/AIDS ࠍਛᔃߣߔࠆ଻

ߩ․⾰ߢ޽ߞߚ㨇⍹੗ஜ࡮⑔␩ಽ㊁ߩᵴേߢታ〣ߔࠆߣหᤨߦ‫ޔ‬௯ଛߩ⊛ߦߪ‫ޔ‬ᓐࠄ௯ଛߚߜߪ‫ߦߐ߹ޔ‬௯ଛߢ޽ࠆߣ޿

ࡀ࠶࠻ࡢ࡯ࠢߠߊࠅߦᅁ⿛ߒߡ߈ߚ‫ޕ‬߁ߘߩߎߣߦࠃߞߡ‫ޔ‬‫␠ޟ‬ળߩߚ߼‫ߩޠ‬ሽ࿷ߣߒߡ

ߘࠇ߇‫ޔ‬‫ޟ‬ർ࠲ࠗࠦࡒࡘ࠾࠹ࠖ㐿⊒௯ࡀ࠶࠻ࡢ࡯

1975㨉‫ߩߘޕ‬ᗧ๧ߢℂᔨචಽߥߪߕߢ޽ߞߚ‫ޕ‬ࠢ‫ޔߣޠ‬‫ࠗ࠲ޟ‬࿖ࠛࠗ࠭ߦ㑐ߔࠆ௯ଛࡀ࠶࠻ࡢ࡯ࠢ‫ޠ‬ߒ߆ߒ‫⎇ᧄޔ‬ⓥߩ੐଀ߢขࠅ਄ߍߚ I Ꮷߩࠃ߁ߩੑߟߢ޽ࠆ‫ߥ⚦⹦ߩࠢ࡯ࡢ࠻࠶ࡀߩߘޕ‬ᬌ⸛ߪߥ௯ଛߦߣߞߡߪ‫଻ޔ‬ஜ࡮⑔␩ᵴേࠍⴕ߁ߎߣߎ

೎ߦ⺰ߓࠆᔅⷐߪ޽ࠆ߇‫ޔߥ߁ࠃߩߎޔ‬‫␠ޟ‬ળߩߚ

ߘ߇‫␠ޟ‬ળߩߚ߼‫઀ߩޠ‬੐ߢ޽ߞߚ‫ޔߦ․ޕ‬ർ࠲߼‫઀ߩޠ‬੐ࠍߔࠆ‫ޟ‬㐿⊒௯‫ࠢ࡯ࡢ࠻࠶ࡀߩߜߚޠ‬ࠗߦ߅޿ߡߪ‫ޔ‬1990 ᐕઍඨ߫એ㒠‫ޔ‬HIV/AIDS ࠍൻߪ‫৻ޔ‬ኹ㒮ౝߩ௯ଛ㑆㑐ଥ߿‫ࠟࡦࠨޔ‬ౝߩᏧᒉ฽߼ߚ࿾ၞ࡟ࡌ࡞ߢߩ଻ஜ࡮⑔␩ࠍ߼ߋࠆ⁁ᴫ߇㑐ଥࠍ⿧߃ߚ௯ଛߩߟߥ߇ࠅࠍ᭴▽ߔࠆ߽ߩߢ޽

ᄌൻߒ‫ࠍࠕࠤ࡮ࠖ࠹࠾ࡘࡒࠦޔ‬ᔒะߔࠆേ߈߇㜞ࠆ 30)‫ޕ‬ᓐࠄߪ‫ߎࠆߊߟࠍࠢ࡯ࡢ࠻࠶ࡀߚߒ߁ߎޔ‬߹ߞߡ޿ࠆ‫࠻࠶ࠤࠨࠗ࡯࠼ޕ‬㇭๟ㄝߩ႐วߪ‫ޔ‬㇭ߣߢ‫⃻ޔ‬ઍ␠ળߦ߅޿ߡ௯ଛ߇ᨐߚߔᓎഀߪ૗߆

┙∛㒮‫⥄ޔ‬ᴦ૕‫ޔ‬ᗵᨴ⠪ࠣ࡞࡯ࡊ‫଻ޔ‬ஜࡏ࡜ࡦ࠹

ߣ޿ߞߚߎߣࠍᵴ⊒ߦ⼏⺰ߒߡ޿ࠆ‫ޔߪߢߎߘޕ‬ࠖࠕߥߤߢ᭴ᚑߐࠇࠆࡋ࡞ࠬࠤࠕᆔຬળ߇⸳┙ߐ૗߇‫␠ޟ‬ળߩߚ߼‫߁޿ߣ߆ࠆߥߦޠ‬ਛりࠍ‫⁁ޔ‬ᴫࠇߚߎߣ߇‫ޕࠆ޿ߡߒ⴫ߊࠃࠍ⁁⃻ߩߎޔ‬I Ꮷߦࠍ⷗ߥ߇ࠄ⥃ᯏᔕᄌߦឞߺขࠅ‫ޔ‬௯ଛߣߒߡߩ޽

ߣߞߡߪ‫ޔ‬P Ꮷߩᚻᴺߣߪ㆑ߞߡ‫࠾ࡘࡒࠦߩߎޔ‬ࠆߴ߈ᆫᣇࠍ⥄ಽߚߜߢਇᢿߦౣቯ⟵ߒ⛯ߌߡ޿࠹ࠖ࡮ࠤࠕࠍᔒะߔࠆᣂߒ޿଻ஜ࡮⑔␩ࠪࠬ࠹ࡓ

ࠆߩߢ޽ࠆ‫ ߥ߁ࠃߩߎޕ‬I Ꮷߩታ〣߇␜ߒߡ޿ࠆ

ߩ᭴▽ߦ‫৻ޔ‬ຬߣߒߡෳടߔࠆߎߣ߇‫␠ޟ‬ળߩߚߩߪ‫ޔ‬࿖ኅ߿㐿⊒ߩ⸒⺑ߦන⚐ߦኻ᛫ߔࠆࠃ߁ߥ

߼‫઀ߩޠ‬੐ߥߩߢ޽ࠆ‫ޔߚ߹ޕ‬D ኹߦ߅޿ߡ W Ꮷ‫ޔ‬― 29 ―

‫␠ޟ‬ળߩߚ߼‫ࠆ߈↢ߦޠ‬௯ଛߚߜP Ꮷ‫ޔ‬I Ꮷ߳ߣฃߌ⛮߇ࠇࠆ‫␠ޟ‬ળߩߚ߼‫߈↢ߦޠ‬ࠆ௯ଛߩ޽ࠅᣇߪ‫ޔ‬නߦ D ኹౝߢ⛮ᛚߐࠇߚࠅ‫ޔ‬I Ꮷߩ୘ੱ⊛ߥ⚻㛎ߢ޽ࠆߦߣߤ߹ࠄߕ‫ޔ‬ኹ㒮߿࿾ၞ␠ળࠍ⿧߃ߡർ࠲ࠗ‫ోࠗ࠲ޔ‬࿖ߦᐢ߇ࠆ߽ߩ
ߢ޽ࠆ‫ޕ‬I Ꮷߩ੐଀߇␜ߔࠃ߁ߥ‫␠ޟ‬ળߩߚ߼‫ޠ‬ߩ઀੐ߦ߅޿ߡ‫ޔ‬‫␠ޟ‬ળ‫ ߿ߪ߽ޔߪߣޠ‬I Ꮷߩ޿ࠆD ኹ߿ߘߩ๟ㄝ࿾ၞ␠ળߩ࿾ℂ⊛ᐢ߇ࠅߣߪ৻⥌ߒߥ޿߽ߩߣߥߞߡ޿ࠆ‫ޕ‬ߒ߆ߒ৻ᣇߢ‫ޔ‬D ኹ๟ㄝ૑᳃߆ࠄߺࠇ߫‫ޔ‬I Ꮷ
ߣߪ D ኹߦᄙᢙ޿ࠆ௯ଛߩ৻ੱߦㆊ߉ߕ‫ޔ‬ᓐ߇⠨߃ࠆ‫␠ޟ‬ળߩߚ߼‫઀ߩޠ‬੐ߣ‫ޔ‬૑᳃ߚߜ߇ᦼᓙߔ
ࠆ‫␠ޟ‬ળߩߚ߼‫઀ߩޠ‬੐ߣߩ㑆ߦߪ࠭࡟߇↢ߓߡ޿ࠆߎߣ߽ᗐ௝ߢ߈ࠆ‫ᧄޕ‬Ⓜߢߪ⚕᏷ߩ㑐ଥ਄‫ޔ‬௯ଛߩታ〣ߩߺߦὶὐࠍ޽ߡߡ⠨ኤߒߡ߈ߚ߇‫ޔ‬ߎࠇ߆ࠄߪ‫ޔ‬௯ଛߣ࿷ኅ⠪ߣߩ㑐ଥߣ޿߁㊀ⷐߥὐߦߟ޿ߡ߽⺰ߓߡ޿ߊᔅⷐ߇޽ࠆߣ⠨߃ߡ޿ࠆ‫ޕ‬੹ᓟߪ‫৻ޔ‬ᣇߢ I Ꮷߩࠃ߁ߥ⧯ᚻ௯ଛߚߜ߇‫ޔ‬ߤߩࠃ߁ߦ‫␠ޟ‬ળߩߚ߼‫ޔ޿↪ࠍ⪲⸒߁޿ߣޠ‬Ⓧᭂ⊛ߦ‫ޟ‬㐿⊒௯‫ࠍ⺑⸒߁޿ߣޠ‬೑↪ߒߡ⥄Ꮖ⴫⽎ߒߡ޿ࠆߩ߆ࠍ᣿ࠄ߆ߦߒ‫ઁߚ߹ޔ‬ᣇߢߘ߁ߒߚ
௯ଛߚߜߣ࿷ኅ⠪ߣߩ㑐ଥࠍ⠨ኤߔࠆߎߣߦࠃߞ
ߡ‫੹ޔ‬ᣣߩ࠲ࠗ␠ળߦ߅ߌࠆ࿖ኅ࡮ࠨࡦࠟ࡮ࠦࡒ
ࡘ࠾࠹ࠖߩ㑐ଥࠍ᣿ࠄ߆ߦߒߡ޿߈ߚ޿‫ޕ‬‫ޣ‬ᵈ‫ޤ‬1) ᧄ Ⓜ ߦ ߅ ޿ ߡ ‫ ⺆ ߩ ⺆ ࠗ ࠲ ޔ‬ᒵ ߪ ‫ ࠗ ࠲ ޔ‬ቇ ჻ 㒮㧔ratchabanditsathan㧕ߩ‫ޟ‬㖸ჿߦᓥ߁࠲ࠗ⺆ߩࡠ࡯ࡑሼ⴫⸥ⷙೣ‫ࡑ࡯ࡠߡߞࠄߥߦޠ‬ሼൻߒ‫࠶࡝࠲ࠗߦࠄߐޔ‬ࠢ૕ߢ⸥ߒߡ޿ࠆ‫ޕ‬2) ⷏Ꮉ࡮㊁↰
㧔2001㧕‫ޔ‬㊁ፒ㧔1995㧕‫࡯ࡗ࠲࠶ࡇޔ‬㧔1995㧕‫ޔ‬Seri 㧔1988㧕╬‫⷏ޕ‬Ꮉࠄߪ‫੽ޔ‬ᢎߦᩮߑߒߚࠝ࡞࠲࡯
࠽࠹ࠖࡉߥ੽ᢎ⊛㐿⊒ߩᕁᗐߣታ〣ࠍ‫ޟޔ‬㐿⊒㧔߆޿߶ߟ㧕‫ߣޠ‬๭ࠎߢ޿ࠆ㨇⷏Ꮉ࡮㊁↰ 2001㨉‫ޕ‬3) ࡊ࡜࠹࡯ࡊࠞ࠙ࠖ࡯Ꮷߪᒰᤨ‫ࠗࡑࡦࠚ࠴ޔ‬Ꮢਛᔃㇱ߆ࠄർ߳⚂ 20km ߩࡢ࠶࠻ࡄ࡯࡮࠳࡯࡜࡯ࡇࡠࡓ㧔Wat Pa

Dara Phirom‫࠻࠶࡙ࡑࡦ࠲ޔ‬ᵷ㧕ߩ૑⡯ߢ޽ߞߚ‫ޕ‬หᏧߪ ‫ ޔ‬FEDRA 㧔 Foundation for the Education andDevelopment of Rural Areas㧕ߩઍ⴫ࠍോ߼‫ޔ‬ጊ࿾᳃ߩᢎ⢒ᡰេ߿ㄘ᳃ߩ⽺࿎⸃ᶖߩߚ߼ߩᵴേࠍⴕߞߡ߈
ߚ‫ޔߚ߹ޕ‬᫪ㇱ߽࠳࡯࡝ࡦ࠻ࡦߩ⺰ᢥߦၮߠ߈‫࠹࡜ࡊޔ‬࡯ࡊࠞ࠙ࠖ࡯Ꮷߩ੐଀ࠍ⠨ኤߒߡ޿ࠆ㨇᫪ㇱ 2006㨉‫ޕ‬4) ᧄੱ߽‫ޔ‬ᱧผߣ᡽ᴦߩᗧ๧ߦ㑐ߔࠆ⼏⺰߇ਇචಽߢ޽
ࠆὐࠍ෻⋭ߒߡ޿ࠆ㨇Darlington 1990㧦18㨉‫ޕ‬5) ࠲ࠗߩᣂ੽ᢎㆇേߦ㑐ߒߡߪ‫ޔ‬ᣢߦᢙᄙߊߩ⎇ⓥ߇ߥ
ߐࠇߡ߈ߚ㨇Evers and Sodium 1993‫ ޔ‬Jackson 1989‫ޔ‬Taylor 1990‫ޔ‬Apinya 1993‫ޔ‬Keyes 1989‫ޔ‬ዊ㊁Ỉ 1995߶߆ᄙᢙ㨉‫ޕ‬6) ⃻࿾⺞ᩏߪ‫ޔ‬2004 ᐕ 4 ᦬㨪2006 ᐕ 5 ᦬ߩ⚂ 2 ᐕ㑆߅ࠃ߮ 2007 ᐕ 8 ᦬㨪9 ᦬ߩ㧝߆᦬㑆ⴕߥߞߚ‫ޕ‬ߎߩ߁ߜ‫ޔ‬2005 ᐕ 5 ᦬㨪2006 ᐕ 5 ᦬ߩ 1 ᐕ㑆ߪ‫ޔ‬D ኹߩ޽ࠆ CD᧛ߦߡቯ⌕⺞ᩏࠍⴕߞߚ‫ޔ߅ߥޕ‬2004 ᐕ 4 ᦬߆ࠄߩ 1ᐕ㑆ߪ㧔⽷㧕ᄢ㒋࿖㓙੤ᵹ࠮ࡦ࠲࡯‫ޟ‬ᄢ㒋࡮ࠕࠫࠕࠬࠞ
࡜ࠪ࠶ࡊ‫ߩޠ‬ഥᚑࠍฃߌߚ‫ޕ‬7) ⨥⪲ࠍ⫳ߒߡႮẃߌߦߒߚ߽ߩ‫ޕ‬ർ࠲ࠗߢߪ༵ᅢຠ߿
᧪ቴߩ߽ߡߥߒߦ↪޿ࠄࠇߡ߈ߚ‫ޕ‬8) ࠗࡦ࠲࠙ࠜࡦ㧔1866-1949 ᐕ㧕᳁ߪਔⷫߩઍߦ PK ᧛ㄝࠅ߳ߣ⪭ߜ⌕޿ߚߣ޿߁㨇Anu 2006㧦10-13㨉‫ޕ‬9) ࠼࡯ࠗࠨࠤ࠶࠻㇭ㄭㄝߩ᧛ߩਛߢ‫߽ᦨޔ‬ฎ޿ᱧผࠍ߽
ߟߩߪ LN ᧛ߢ޽ࠆ㨇Koson 1994㧦21㨉‫ޔߚ߹ޕ‬ㄭᐕ‫ޔ‬ห㇭ㄭㄝߩ࠲ࠗ࡮࡞࡯ᣖߩੱ߮ߣߩ㑆ߢ߽ᢥൻવ⛔ߩ଻ሽ߿ᓳ⥝ߩേ߈߇ᵴ⊒ൻߒߡ޿ࠆ‫ޕ‬10) ߘߩਇนᕁ⼏ߥ಴᧪੐ߣߪ‫ޔ‬D ኹߩർ஥ߦ޽ࠆᳰߦ
߹ߟࠊࠆ߽ߩߢ޽ࠆ‫ޕ‬‫ޟ‬㧔೨⇛㧕⬒ᳰߦ⋡ࠍ߿ࠆߣ‫ߎߘޔ‬ߦߪ㓽㓶ߩ┥₺߇㘩ߴ‛ࠍតߒߡᵒ޿ߢ޿ࠆߣߎࠈߢ
޽ߞߚ‫੽ޕ‬㒚ߪ౐⦡ߩశ✢ࠍੑ૕ߩ┥₺ߦะ߆ߞߡㅍࠆ
ߣ‫ޔ‬ਇᕁ⼏ߥߎߣߦ┥₺ߪାઔᔃࠍᛴ޿ߡ‫↵ࠇߙࠇߘޔ‬ᅚߩੱ㑆ߦᄌりߒ‫੽ޔ‬㒚ߦᳰߦດߊ⬒ߩ⧎ࠍ₂਄ߒߚ‫ޕ‬੽㒚ߪߘߩ⬒ߩ⧎ࠍฃߌขߞߚઍࠊࠅߦ‫↵ޔ‬ᅚߦ੽ᴺߣ
㜬ߩᲫࠍ᝼ߌߚ‫ߩߎޕ‬ዊጊߩ਄ߢ‫ޔ‬ᓐࠄߪ␨ࠅࠍㄟ߼ߡ⍹ Ⴁ ࠍ ᑪ ߡ ߡ ‫ ߩ ߘ ޔ‬ਛ ߦ ੽ 㒚 ߩ 㜬 ߩ Ძ ࠍ ၒ ߼ ߚ ‫ޠޕ‬
㨇Phramaha Ruengsonwong 2001㧦5‫ޔ‬Koson 1994㧦
19㨉‫ޕ‬
11) ࠲ࠗߩኹ㒮ߦߪ‫ߩߎޔ‬ᵺၞࠍ߽ߟኹ㒮ߣߘ߁ߢߥ޿
ኹ㒮ߣ߇޽ࠆ߇‫ޔ‬೨⠪ߩߺߦ߅޿ߡࠨࡦࠟ߳ߩട౉௾␞
ߢ޽ࠆᓧᐲᑼࠍၫࠅⴕ߁ߎߣ߇⹺߼ࠄࠇߡ޿ࠆ‫ޕ‬12) W Ꮷߪ੹ᣣ‫ޔ‬‫ߦࠗࡑࡦࠚ࠴ޟ‬ੑੱߒ߆޿ߥ߆ߞߚ㐿⊒௯‫ࠆࠇࠊ⸒ߣޠ‬௯ଛߩ߁ߜߩ৻ੱߢ޽ࠆ‫ޔߪੱ৻߁߽ޕ‬࠳࡯࡝ࡦ࠻ࡦ߇⎇ⓥኻ⽎ߣߒߚࡊ࡜࠹࡯ࡊࠞ࠙ࠖ࡯Ꮷ
ߢ޽ࠆ‫ޕ‬1970 ᐕઍඨ߫㗃߆ࠄหߓࠃ߁ߦ࿾ၞ㐿⊒ᵴേࠍ₸వߒߡ߈ߚੑੱ߇‫⃻ޔ‬࿷ߘࠇߙࠇߩᵷߢࠨࡦࠟ㐳ࠍോ߼ߡ޿ࠆߎߣߪ‫ޔ‬௯ଛߦࠃࠆ࿾ၞ㐿⊒ᵴേߣࠨࡦࠟౝ
ߩ૏㓏਄᣹ߣߩ⥝๧ᷓ޿㑐ଥࠍ␜ໂߒߡ޿ࠆ‫ߩߎޕ‬ὐߦߟ޿ߡߪ೎ߩᯏળߦ⺰ߓߚ޿‫ޕ‬13) P Ꮷߪ‫ࠦࠬࡀ࡙ޔ‬㧔1993 ᐕ㧕‫ࠖ࠙࡯ࠪ࡯ࡃ࡯࡞ࠢޔ‬― 30 ―

࠲ࠗ⎇ⓥ No.8 2008

࠴ࡖࠗ⽷࿅㧔1994 ᐕ㧕‫ࠗ࠲ޔ‬࿖ᢥൻදળ㧔1995㧕‫⿒ޔ‬චሼදળ࠴ࠚࡦࡑࠗ⋵ D ㇭ᡰㇱ㧔2001 ᐕ㧕‫ޔ‬D ㇭ᢥൻදળ
㧔2004 ᐕ㧕ߥߤ߆ࠄฦ⒳ฃ⾨ߒߡ߈ߚ‫ޔߚ߹ޕ‬P Ꮷߪ࠴ࠚࡦࡑࠗ⋵ࠨࡦࠟࠃࠅఝ⑲㇭ࠨࡦࠟ㐳㧔1992 ᐕ㧕‫ࠚ࠴ޔ‬ࡦࡑࠗ⋵ࠨࡦࠟ㐳ࠃࠅఝ⑲ᢎℂቇᩞᢎ⢒ⴕ᡽㐳㧔1994ᐕ㧕ߦㆬ߫ࠇ‫ ߚ߹ޔ‬D ኹߪᢎ⢒⋭ቬᢎዪࠃࠅఝ⑲੽ᢎᣣᦐ ቇᩞ㧔 1997 ᐕ 㧕 ߣߒ ߡ߽ㆬ಴ ߐࠇߚ 㨇 Sathaban
Ratchaphat Chiang Mai 2004㨉‫ޕ‬14) ࠵࡜࡯࠿࠶࠻ߦࠃࠇ߫‫ޔ‬P Ꮷ߇ೋ߼ߡࠛࠗ࠭ߣ಴ળ
ߞߚߩߪ‫ޔ‬D ኹߦᗵᨴ⠪߇಴ኅߦ߈ߚߣ߈ߢ޽ࠆ
㨇Chiranut 1999㨉‫ߚ߹ޕ‬ᶆፒߪ‫ޔ‬P Ꮷߩᵴേ㐿ᆎᤨᦼࠍHIV ᗵᨴ⠪⥄ഥࠣ࡞࡯ࡊ⸳┙ᐕߩ 1989 ᐕߣߒߡ޿ࠆ
㨇ᶆፒ 2002㧦87㨉‫ޕ‬15) ╩⠪ߪ‫ޔ‬P Ꮷ߇‫ޟ‬ᒰᤨߪ HIV/AIDS ࠤࠕᵴേࠍߔࠆ
௯ଛߪ࡞ࠕࡦࡐ࡯㧔ߔߥࠊߜ⥄ಽ⥄り㧕ߛߌߛߞߚ‫ߣޠ‬⺑᣿ߔࠆ႐㕙ߦߒ߫ߒ߫ㆣㆄߒߚ‫ޕ‬16) หળߩ࡝࡯࠳࡯ߪ‫ޔ‬ળߩ⸃ᢔߣߣ߽ߦ᧲ർ࠲ࠗߩ಴
り࿾߳ᚯߞߡߒ߹ߞߚߣ޿߁㧔2005 ᐕ 6 ᦬ 2 ᣣ‫ޔ‬D ኹᚲ᦭࿾ౝߦ޿ࠆ࡝࡯࠳࡯ߩᆂ߳ߩࠗࡦ࠲ࡆࡘ࡯ࠃࠅ㧕‫ޕ‬ߘߩᓟ‫ߩߎޔ‬࿾ၞߢߩᗵᨴ⠪⥄ഥࠣ࡞࡯ࡊߪ⚿ᚑߣ⸃ᢔࠍ➅ࠅ㄰ߒߚ‫⃻ޕ‬࿷ߪ‫࠻࠶ࠤࠨࠗ࡯࠼ޟ‬㇭ᗵᨴ⠪ࡀ࠶࠻ࡢ࡯ࠢ‫ޠ‬
㧔khrueakhai phu tit chuea amphoe Doi Saket㧕߇ᵴേߒߡ޿ࠆ‫ޕ‬17) ࠲ࠗߦ߅޿ߡߪ‫ޔ‬HIV ᗵᨴ⠪ߩ⥄ഥࠣ࡞࡯ࡊᵴേߩ
႐ߪߒ߫ߒ߫ኹ㒮ߢ޽ߞߚ‫ޔߚ߹ޕ‬HIV/AIDS ߣኹ㒮ߣߩ㑐ࠊࠅߦߟ޿ߡߪ‫⥄ޔ‬ഥࠣ࡞࡯ࡊᵴേ߇ኹ㒮ࠍ႐ߣߒߡ೑↪ߔࠆߛߌߢߥߊ‫ޔ‬௯ଛ߇ᵴേߩࠗ࠾ࠪࠕ࠹ࠖࡉࠍ
ߣࠆࠤ࡯ࠬ߿‫ޔ‬ኹ㒮⥄૕߇ᣉ⸳ൻߔࠆࠤ࡯߽ࠬ޽ࠆ㨇ጟ
ㇱ 2004㨉‫ޕ‬18) ߎߩ⽷࿅ߪ‫ޔ‬P Ꮷߩ HIV ᗵᨴ⠪ߦኻߔࠆኡኈߥᘒᐲ
ߦᗵ㌏ࠍฃߌߚࠗࡦ࠼♽࠲ࠗੱ 2 ੱ⚵߇‫ޔ‬500,000 ࡃ࡯࠷ߩነઃࠍⴕߥߞߚߎߣ߇⚻✲ߢ⸳┙ߐࠇߚ‫ޕ‬HIV ᗵᨴ⠪ߩᵴേ߽‫⽷ߩߎޔ‬࿅ᑪ‛ߦߡⴕߥࠊࠇߡ޿ߚ߇‫⃻ޔ‬࿷ߪ⾗㊄េഥ߽ભᱛߐࠇ‫ޔ‬ᵴേߪ․ߦⴕߞߡ޿ߥ޿‫ޕ‬19) 2007 ᐕ 8 ᦬ 31 ᣣ‫╩ޔ‬⠪ߦࠃࠆ P Ꮷ߳ߩࠗࡦ࠲ࡆࡘ
࡯ࠃࠅ‫ޕ‬
20) ⋴⼔Ꮷ S ߦࠃࠇ߫‫࠻࠶ࠤࠨࠗ࡯࠼ޔ‬㇭ߢ HIV/AIDS߇ᵹⴕߒᆎ߼ߚ㗃‫ޔ‬㇭ߩ౏ⴐⴡ↢ዪ‫ޔ‬㇭┙∛㒮‫ޔ‬NGO‫ޔ‬௯ଛࠄ߇⁛⥄ߦᵴേߒ‫ ߦࠄߐޔ‬NGO ߽౉ߞߡ߈ߚߎߣ
߆ࠄ෼㓸߇ߟ߆ߥ߆ߞߚߚ߼‫ߢ⊝ޔ‬㓸߹ࠆ⋡⊛ߢࠛࠗ࠭ᆔຬળࠍ┙ߜ਄ߍߚߣ޿߁㧔2005 ᐕ 10 ᦬ 10 ᣣ‫⼔⋴ޔ‬Ꮷ S ߳ߩࠗࡦ࠲ࡆࡘ࡯ࠃࠅ㧕‫ޕ‬21) ⃻࿷‫ޔ‬‫࠻࠶ࠤࠨࠗ࡯࠼ޟ‬㇭ᗵᨴ⠪ࡀ࠶࠻ࡢ࡯ࠢ‫ޔߪޠ‬㇭┙∛㒮ߩਛߩ࿾ၞක≮‫ޟ‬ᔃߩㅪᏪቶ‫ޠ‬㧔 hong ruamchai㧕߳ߣ᜚ὐࠍ⒖േߒ‫ޔ‬ઍ⴫ߩ A ᳁߇Ᏹ㚢ߒߡ޿ࠆ‫ޕ‬หࡀ࠶࠻ࡢ࡯ࠢߪ‫৻ߦ᦬ޔ‬ᐲ‫∛ޔ‬㒮ౝߩⓨ߈ㇱደࠍ೑↪
ߒߡࡒ࡯࠹ࠖࡦࠣࠍ㐿߈‫ޔ‬ᖱႎ੤឵‫ޔ‬I Ꮷߦࠃࠆ⍁ᗐᜰዉ߿ᤤ㘩ળࠍⴕߥߞߡ޿ࠆ‫ޕ‬22) 2005 ᐕ 3 ᦬ 22 ᣣ‫╩ޔ‬⠪ߦࠃࠆ I Ꮷ߳ߩࠗࡦ࠲ࡆࡘ
࡯ࠃࠅ‫ޕ‬
23) ർ࠲ࠗࠦࡒࡘ࠾࠹ࠖ㐿⊒௯ࡀ࠶࠻ࡢ࡯ࠢߩࡔࡦࡃ࡯
௯ଛߩ৻ੱ߇‫ޔ‬Thailand Research Fund ߩഥᚑࠍฃߌ
ߚߎߣ߇߈ߞ߆ߌߢ‫ޔ‬หၮ㊄ߩ࿾ᣇ੐ോዪ߇௯ଛߩ⺞ᩏᵴേߩ⋧⺣ᓎࠍᒁ߈ฃߌߚ‫ޕ‬ᓟߦ‫ޔ‬Thailand Research
Fund ߩ࿾ᣇ੐ോዪ‫੽ࡦ࡯ࠦࡦࡠ࡯࡜ࡘ࠴࡯ࡂࡑޔ‬ᢎᄢቇ࠴ࠚࡦࡑࠗᩞ‫ޔ‬ർ࠲ࠗࠦࡒࡘ࠾࠹ࠖ㐿⊒௯ࡀ࠶࠻ࡢ࡯
ࠢߩਃ⠪߇ද⼏ߒ‫࡮ࠗ࡜ࡗࠖ࠹࡯ࡐޟޔ‬࿾ၞߩߚ߼ߩ⺞ᩏㅪ៤࠮ࡦ࠲࡯‫(ޠ‬sun prasanngan kan wichai phuea
thongthin Phothiyalai)ࠍ┙ߜ਄ߍߚ‫ࡗࠖ࠹࡯ࡐߩߎޕ‬࡜ࠗ߇‫ޔ‬ർ࠲ࠗࠦࡒࡘ࠾࠹ࠖ㐿⊒௯ࡀ࠶࠻ࡢ࡯ࠢߩᵴേ
ߩࠕ࡟ࡦࠫ߿ᦠ㘃૞ᚑ╬ߩታോࠍ⺧ߌ⽶ߞߡ޿ࠆ‫ޕ‬24) ߎߩࡀ࠶࠻ࡢ࡯ࠢߪ‫ޔ‬NCA㧔Norwegian Church
Aid㧕ߦࠃࠆ‫᧲ޔ‬ධࠕࠫࠕᄢ㒽ㇱߦ߅ߌࠆ↢ᵴߩ⾰ะ਄࠮ࡦ࠲࡯ᡰេࡊࡠࠫࠚࠢ࠻ߩ৻ߟߢ޽ࠆ‫ޕ‬25) ᴕᒎߪ 37 ฬ‫ޔ‬ኹሶ㧔dek wat㧕ߪ 2 ฬ‫ޔ‬૑ߺㄟߺഭ
௛⠪ 4 ฬߢ޽ߞߚ‫ߪࠇߎޔߒߛߚޕ‬㔎቟ዬ೨ߩ࠺࡯࠲ߢ
޽ࠅ‫ޔ‬቟ዬਛߪ߽ߞߣᄙߊߩᲧਐ߇ᱛ૑ߒߡ޿ࠆ‫ޕ‬26) 2007 ᐕ 8 ᦬ 31 ᣣ╩⠪ߦࠃࠆ P Ꮷ߳ߩࠗࡦ࠲ࡆࡘ࡯‫ޔ‬
หᐕ 9 ᦬ 1 ᣣ╩⠪ߦࠃࠆ I Ꮷ߳ߩࠗࡦ࠲ࡆࡘ࡯ࠃࠅ‫ޕ‬27) 2005 ᐕ 3 ᦬ 22 ᣣ‫╩ޔ‬⠪ߦࠃࠆ I Ꮷ߳ߩࠗࡦ࠲ࡆࡘ
࡯ࠃࠅ‫ޕ‬
28) P Ꮷ߇╩⠪ߦ⺑᣿ߒߚ৻▵ߩ‫╩ޔ‬⠪ߦࠃࠆᣣᧄ⺆⸶ߢ޽ࠆ‫ޕ‬
29) 2005 ᐕ 3 ᦬ 22 ᣣ߅ࠃ߮ 2007 ᐕ 9 ᦬ 1 ᣣ‫╩ޔ‬⠪ߦࠃࠆ I Ꮷ߳ߩࠗࡦ࠲ࡆࡘ࡯ࠃࠅ‫ޕ‬30) ࠲ࡦࡃࠗࠕߪ‫߇ࠟࡦࠨޔ‬ㄘ᧛ߣㇺᏒࠍߟߥߋੱ⊛ࡀ࠶࠻ࡢ࡯ࠢߩㅢࠅ㆏㧔avenue㧕ߢ޽ࠆߣㅀߴ‫ޔ‬಴ኅߒߡࠨࡦࠟߩ৻ຬߣߥࠆߎߣߦࠃߞߡ‫ޔ‬ኹ㒮߆ࠄኹ㒮߳ߣࠃ
ࠅࠃ޿ⅣႺࠍ᳞߼ߡ⒖േߒ‫ࠍࡊ࠶ࠕࠕ࡝ࡖࠠޔ‬࿑ࠆ௯ଛ୘ੱߦὶὐࠍ޽ߡߡ⺰ߓߚ㨇Tambiah 1976㧦313-364㨉‫ޕ‬ߒ߆ߒ‫ޟޔ‬㐿⊒௯‫ޔߦ߁ࠃߩޠ‬਎ଶ␠ળߦ߅ߌࠆ໧㗴ߩ⸃᳿ࠍㅢߓߡ‫ޔ‬௯ଛߣߒߡߩ⥄Ꮖࠍᮨ⚝ߔࠆ௯ଛߚߜߩ
ታ〣߿‫ޔ‬ᓐࠄ௯ଛߚߜߩࡀ࠶࠻ࡢ࡯ࠢൻߩേ߈ߦߟ޿ߡ
ߪ⺰ߓߡ޿ߥ޿‫ޕ‬‫ޣ‬ᒁ↪ᢥ₂‫ޤ‬Anu Nuenhat 2006. Adit “Doi Saket”: Sangkhom mueang Chiang Mai 12, Chiang Mai: Wanitda
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⍫㊁⑲ᱞ 2004.
‫ߩࠗ࠲ޟ‬਄ᐳ੽ᢎߣ౏౒ቬᢎ‫ޠ‬ᳰ਄⦟ᱜ߶߆
㧔✬㧕‫ޡ‬ጤᵄ⻠ᐳ╙ 9 Ꮞ ቬᢎߩ᜸ᚢ‫ޢ‬‫ޔ‬pp.51-74.

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