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Fig. 1

Photos of experimental for RSXS measurement at NSRRC:
BL­5 EPU beam line at NSRRC, 4­m elliptically polarized
undulator, two­circle diractometer for ultra high vacuum,and detector composed from CsI photocathode and a chan­neltron.

Fig. 2 Spin interactions in multiferroics. (a) Symmetric spin inter­actions induce polarization through exchange striction. (b)Antisymmetric spin interactions induce polarization throughinverse­Dzyaloshinskii­Moriya interaction or spin current.

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Fig. 3(a) Crystal structure of RMn2O5. (b) AFM ordering peak of
TbMn2O5 with q(1/2, 0, 1/4) and s polarization at hn
639 eV and 30 K plotted in qaqc plane. (c) Photon­energy de­pendence of HWHM and scattering intensity of TbMn2O5
with q(1/2, 0, 1/4) and s polarization at 30 K. Inset
shows scattering geometry with s and ppolarizations for in­cident and scattered photons, respectively.

ÆÝìpÍ¢mÅ èËRc_ÌÎÛÅ é14,16,19,20,27)BäXÍCMn L3 zû[ÅÌ RSXS ªèðs¢CTbMn2
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Fig. 4Temperature dependence of q components of AFM orderingof TbMn2O5: (a), (b) qa component measured with p and spolarizations; (c) qc component. IC and I} correspond to thepeak structures of commensurate ordering and incommen­
surate orderings with incommensurability of qa as }da. In­
tensities normalized to that of the commensurate AFM or­dering at 30 K with s polarization are expressed by means ofcolor. The insets of (a) and (c) are scattering intensities ofqa and qc scans at selected temperatures, respectively.

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294  úËõ Nov. 2009 Vol.22 No.6

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Fig. 6(a) Illustration of crystal structure of LiCu2O2. (b) Scatter­ing geometry with p polarization in ab plane, i.e., scatteringvector q(qa, qb, 0). (c), (d) qa and qb scans at selected
temperatures below 25 K. (e) Temperature dependence ofqb.

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296  úËõ Nov. 2009 Vol.22 No.6

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Fig. 7

Temperature dependence of resonant scattering intensity,
correlation length jab and jc from a cleaved LiCu2O2 (001)with q`((0.5, 0.17, 1), shown in (a), (b), and (c), respec­tively. The inset of (a) illustrates the scattering geometry for
scattering vector q(qa, qb, 1).

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éªC\ÊÌ¿ÍDêÄ¢éBFig. 7 ÍC28 K(b)É¦³êéæ¤ÉÖ· jab ªñÂÌ]Ú_ðÆé±ÈºÌ·xÅÌ q(0.5, qb, 1jmqb`0.17nÌU­xÆÆÉÎ·éB2 ÂÌ Lorentz ÖÅ22.5 K ÈãÌ qab X

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·üú 2 ³IÈXsðÆé±Æð¦µÄ¢éBúËõ Nov. 2009 Vol.22 No.6  297

Fig. 10(a) Bird's eye photo of NSRRC. Red circle shows the area
for constructing TPS. (b) Location of Hsinchu in Taiwan.
(c) Brightness of synchrotron light produced at NSRRC.
(d) Constructing model of TPS.

`FCÔð¦·±ÆC[ 2 ³IZ£¥Cª¥C]Ú_ TN2 æè¢·xÅ¶¶Ä¢é±Æð­©
µ½B±êçÌÏªÍ LiCu2O2 Ìl[_ TN2 ÈãÌ¥CÖ©çO}³êéîêóÔªCÊqXs1/2`FCÌ{¿©ç\z³êéMbvXstÌÅÍÈ­C·£ 2 ³ ICM ¥CðÆé±Æð¾ç©Éµ½BÜ
Fig. 8qab and qc scans of soft X­ray scattering on cleaved LiCu2O2(001) with q(0.5, qb, 1) at various temperatures above
TN1. Curves 1 and 2 in (b) are Lorentzian components ob­
tained from a nonlinear least square tting. All curves areoset vertically for clarity.

½CTN1 ÅÖªÅåÉÈé c ²ûüÌXsªdCªÉðUN·éÌÉsÂÅé±Æª¾ç©ÉÈÁ½B

5. äp NSRRC Ì»óÉiWÉÂ¢ÄÅãÉCÈãÌ¤Ìªèðs¢CßNî X üÌæÌúËõp¤Ì¬Êñªµ¢äp NSRRC ÌîñðÐî·éBäp NSRRC Íäpk¼ÌäpÛó`iTaiwan Taoyuan International Airportj©çÔÅ
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Fig. 9Temperature dependence of correlation length jab above TN2.
The data are tted with an expression j0e2pr/kBT.

¢ÄÍCFig. 10(c)Ìæ¤É¢PxÌõðp¢Ä¢EÅàLÌ¤¬Êðã°Ä¢é{ÝÅèC¢Een©çp¤ÒðåÁÄ¢éB»ÝCäp NSRRC Íù¶Ì
1.5 GeV OÌOüÉC3 GeV ÌVOiTaiwan

Cu L3 [ RSXS ªè ÊÉîÃ ¢ÄCä XÍ LiCu2O2

Photon SourceTPSjðÝ·évæðißÄ¢éiFig.

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10(d)QÆjB2007NÉ\Zðl¾µ½ãC2009N©ç

298  úËõ Nov. 2009 Vol.22 No.6

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HµC2013NÌ®¬ðÚwµÄ¢éBÚ×Í HPihttp://
www.srrc.gov.tw/jðQlÉ³ê½¢BÓ«{¤ÍMÒªm¤õÆµÄäp NSRRC ÝE
i2004.3`2009.3jÉCäps­@ÉæèsÁ½àÌÅ

ÆÈ{ÏõðÌéB¤¯¤ÒÍÈºÌûXÅéFD. J. Huang, S. W. Huang, W. B. Wu, S. L. Cheng, H.­
J. Lin, C. T. CheniÈãCäp NSRRCjCK. S. Chaoið
ÊåjCC.­Y. Moui´ØåjCS. Park, S­W. CheongiÈ
ãCRutgers åjCK. W. Yeh, C. L. Chen, M. K. WuiÈãCAcademia SinicajCH. C. Hsu, F. C. ChouiÈãCä
påCCCMSjBÜ½C¤ðißéãÅC½­ÌLvÈc_ð¸¢½ C.­H. Hsu ¤õiäp NSRRCjCC. H.
Chen ³öCG. Y. Guo ³öCC. D. Hu ³öiÈãCäpåjCÎ´vy³öikåjC¡X~³öiåjC\qDI³öiåHjCT. K. Lee ³öiAcademia Sini­ca), T. A. Kaplan ³öiMichigan BåjCM. Mostovoy
mCJ. van den Brink ³öCD. Khomskii ³öiÈãC
Groningen åjÉ´Óµ½¢BúËõp¤É¨¢ÄÍCäp NSRRC Ìõ¹Ér[CO[vÉ½åÈxð¸¢½BüßÄ´ÓÌÓð¦µ½¢B

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GlM[Á¬í¤@\ ¨¿\¢Èw¤ \¢¨«¤Z^[ ÁC³E­mail: jun.okamotokek.jpêåFÅÌ¨«CGlM[ªõC¤Âî X üUmªðn
2000N 3 åwåw@wn¤ÈmÛöC¹CwmB2001N 4
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úËõ Nov. 2009 Vol.22 No.6  299

Magnetic orderings of multiferroics revealed byresonant soft X­ray magnetic scattering
Jun OKAMOTO

Condensed Matter Research Center, Institute of MSS, KEK
Tsukuba 305_0801, Japan

Abstract Recent reports about gigantic magnetoelectric coupling in frustrated magnets have attracted a
revival of interest in multiferroicity where electric polarization can be induced by spin interactions. We can in­vestigate magnetic orderings originated from specic electronic structures by using resonant soft X­ray mag­netic scattering. We have analyzed magnetic orderings in spin­frustrated multiferroic compound TbMn2O5 by
Mn L 3­edge resonant soft X­ray magnetic scattering and clearly revealed the importance of antisymmetric spin
interaction in the mechanism of multiferroics governed by the Mn 3d spin interactions as well as symmetricspin interaction. We have also studied magnetic orderings in quasi­1D quantum multiferroic LiCu2O2 and foundthat the spin­1/2 Cu2{ ion in LiCu2O2 exhibits a long­range 2D­like spin order in its ground state, which isdeduced from its temperature­dependence of magnetic correlation above T N 2, and that the spin coupling along
the c axis is essential for inducing electric polarization. In the last chapter we make a brief introduction of Tai­
wan NSRRC, which broadcasts plentiful of outputs in soft X­ray synchrotron radiation research.

300  úËõ Nov. 2009 Vol.22 No.6