‫ ⺰ޣ‬ᢥ‫ޤ‬ᐕႎ ࠲ࠗ⎇ⓥ NO.7, 2007 27-53.

࠲ࠗߦ߅ߌࠆ‫ޟ‬᫪ᨋ࿾‫ޠ‬ౝㄘ࿾ᒻᚑ࡮⛽ᜬߩೋᦼ⊛ࡔࠞ࠾࠭ࡓ
Initial Mechanism for the Formation and Maintenance of Unanticipated Farmland
within “Forest Territories” in Thailand
ୖ

ፉ ቁ

ⴕ㧖

KURASHIMA Takayuki
The problematic Thai forestland designation has triggered further forest destruction,
which is contrary to its original purpose. Farmers occupying forestland have succeeded ingaining populist policies from some governments, and the policies have led to further
forest destruction in some “forest territories”. This occurred, in part, because of aproblematic forestland designation system. This paper clarifies how some earlier, andinitially unanticipated, farmlands as well as settlers emerged and remained within“forest territories” in Thailand. It also explains the formation and maintenance as theresult of a rational choice by the forestry administration authority, and outlines the
structure by which the choice became the starting point for the subsequent institutional
contradiction.
Originally, the Thai forestland management system intended to deal with “forest
territories” exclusively. However, the forestland management authority abandoned theoriginal principle in the mid-1970s and adopted another management system. As a result,the management system did not exclude certain early settlers and settlements that had
existed before the national reserved forests were designated, but included them inside thenational reserved forests, although the original principle was designed to compensate
them, and keep them outside the national reserved forests. In short, this initialtransformation of the forestland management system by the forest administration
authority in the mid-1970s is the most important factor explaining how someunanticipated farmlands and settlers, which predated the designations, remained withinthe “forest territories”.
This paper describes this transformation as the result of interactions among threefactors. The first was the failure of a large-scale program that was intended to bring theoriginal system of exclusive forestland management into effect. The second factor
involved the policy needs that arose, and were necessitated by, the introduction of a new,large-scale tree-felling system. The third factor was the influence of democratization in
the mid-1970s, such as the rise of occupant farmers’ and students’ movements.
Considering these factors, the decision of the forest administration authority, i.e., theprinciple transformation of the forestland management system, was rational, especiallyas any bureaucratic authority essentially takes action to profit its own organization andprotect its own vested interests. Paradoxically, however, the decision became a starting
point for the subsequent above-mentioned institutional contradiction for two reasons.
First, the decision ultimately set a lower “barrier” for the defense of “forest territories” inboth institutional and real senses. Second, the decision led to the development of theoccupying farmers’ movements, which was catalyzed by some of the original, andunanticipated, earlier settlers.
㧖ࠞ࠮ࠨ࡯࠻ᄢቇㄘቇㇱࠕࠣ࡝ࡆࠫࡀࠬ࠮ࡦ࠲࡯㧛ⅣႺࡆࠫࡀࠬୃᓳ଻ోᯏ᭴ኾ㐷ኅ― 27 ―

࠲ࠗߦ߅ߌࠆ‫ޟ‬᫪ᨋ࿾‫ޠ‬ౝㄘ࿾ᒻᚑ࡮⛽ᜬߩೋᦼ⊛ࡔࠞ࠾࠭ࡓ

3㧕‫ޕ‬

㧝. ߪߓ߼ߦ

࿖┙౏࿦‫ޔ‬㊁↢േ‛଻⼔඙ߥߤ‫⼔଻ޔ‬ᨋၞࠍਛ޿߹߽ో࿯ߦᐢߊሽ࿷ߔࠆ࿖᦭଻ోᨋ 1㧕߿࿖┙ᔃߦ⃻࿷߽ᐢߊᱷࠆ‫ޟ‬᫪ᨋ࿾‫ޠ‬ౝㄘ࿾߇‫ޔ‬ᄢ߈ߊ౏࿦‫ޔ‬㊁↢േ‛଻⼔඙ߥߤ‫ࠆࠁࠊ޿ޔ‬㨬᫪ᨋ࿾㨭ߩߪੑߟߩ࿑ᑼࠍߣࠅߟߟᒻᚑߐࠇߡ߈ߚߎߣߪ‫ޔ‬ᜰቯᩮ᜚ߣߥࠆᴺ೙ᐲ߇࠲ࠗߢᢛ஻ߐࠇߚߣ⸒߃

ߔߢߦᣧߊ߆ࠄ࠲ࠗ᡽ᐭ⥄り߽⹺߼ߡ޿ߚ੐ታߢ

ࠆߩߪ‫ޔ‬1960 ᐕઍೋ߼ߢ޽ࠆ‫ ࠄ߆ࠇߘޕ‬40 ᐕ૛޽ࠆ[ks 0705(3)/12051 21/5/1984]‫ޕ‬ੑߟߩ࿑ᑼߣ

ࠅ߇⚻ㆊߒߚ⃻࿷‫ߚߒ߁ߎޔ‬ᴺ೙ᐲ߿㗔ၞᜰቯ߇ߪ‫ޔ‬਄ㅀߒߚࠃ߁ߦ‫ޟ‬᫪ᨋ࿾‫ޠ‬ᜰቯ߇ᣢሽㄘ࿾ࠍ

࠲ࠗߩ᫪ᨋ଻ో࡮଻⼔ߦታ㓙ߦߤࠇߛߌነਈߒߡ

ߩߺㄟ߻ᒻߢㅴ߼ࠄࠇߚߣ޿߁߽ߩߣ‫ޔ‬ㅒߦ‫ޟ‬᫪߈ߚߩ߆ߣ໧߃߫‫ޔ‬‫ޟ‬ഞ⟋⋧ඨ߫ߒߡ޿ߚ‫߁޿ߣޠ‬ᨋ࿾‫ޠ‬ᜰቯ࿾ߦㄘ᳃߇ᓟ߆ࠄଚ౉ߒߚߣ޿߁߽ߩ

⹏ଔ߇ᚑࠅ┙ߟ‫ᧄޕ‬Ⓜߢ᣿ࠄ߆ߔࠆߩߪ‫ߩࠗ࠲ޔ‬ߛ‫ߢ߹ࠇߎޔߜ߁ߩߎޕ‬ᣢሽ⎇ⓥ߇ᜰ៰ߒߡ߈ߚ

‫ޟ‬᫪ᨋ࿾‫ޠ‬ᜰቯ߇ߘߩᚲᦼߩ⋡⊛ߦ෻ߒߡ᫪ᨋߩ

ߩߪ‫߇ߤࠎߣ߶ޔ‬ᓟ⠪ߦ㑐ߔࠆⷐ࿃ߩᣇߢ‫ᧄޔ‬Ⓜ

⠹࿾ൻߦ߽➁߇ߞߚ᭴࿑ߩ⊒┵ߦ૏⟎ઃߌࠆߎߣ

ߢ໧㗴ߣߔࠆ೨⠪ߩⷐ࿃ߦߟ޿ߡㅀߴߚ߽ߩߪ‫ޔ‬ߩߢ߈ࠆⷐ࿃ߢ‫ޟޔ‬᫪ᨋ࿾‫ޠ‬ౝㄘ࿾ߩ 2㧕ᒻᚑ࡮⛽ᭂ┵ߦ㒢ቯߐࠇࠆ‫ࠍ଀৻ޕ‬᜼ߍࠇ߫‫࡯࠳ࡦࠔࡧޔ‬ᜬߩೋᦼ⊛ࡔࠞ࠾࠭ࡓߣ๭߮߁ࠆ߽ߩߛ‫ޕ‬ࠡ࡯ࠬ࠻ߪߘߩᢥ₂࡟ࡧࡘ࡯߿⡞߈ขࠅߩ⚿ᨐࠍ࠲ࠗߩ㨬᫪ᨋ࿾㨭ᜰቯᴺ߿ߘࠇߦ߽ߣߠߊᜰቯ㗔␜ߒߟߟ‫ޟߩߢࠗ࠲ޔ‬᫪ᨋ࿾‫ߩޠ‬භ᦭ⷐ࿃ߦߟ޿

ၞߩሽ࿷߇‫ޔ‬᫪ᨋߩ⠹࿾ൻ╬ߦኻߒߡᄢ߈ߥᛥᱛ

ߡ߅ࠃߘᰴߩࠃ߁ߥ⺑᣿ࠍߒߡ޿ࠆ[Vandergeestലᨐࠍ᦭ߒߡ߈ߚߎߣߪ‫ޔ‬㑆㆑޿ߥ޿‫ߒ߆ߒޕ‬ห

1996:166-168,173]‫ޔߕ߹ޕ‬‫ޟ‬᫪ᨋ࿾‫ޠ‬㧔଻ోᨋၞ㧕

ᤨߦ‫ޔ‬ᱧผ⊛ߦ⷗ߡ‫ߚߒ߁ߎޔ‬ሽ࿷߇Ᏹߦᛥᱛല

߳ߩ౉ᬀ߇ᓟ߆ࠄ⿠߈ߚ࿑ᑼߩⷐ࿃ߣߒߡ‫ޔ‬᡽ᐭᨐߛߌࠍ⊒ើߒ⛯ߌߡ߈ߚߩ߆ߣ޿߁ߣ‫ޔ‬੐ታߪߩャ಴↪⇌૞‛ᅑബ╷‫ޔ‬ァߩᴦ቟⛽ᜬ᡽╷‫ޔ‬ౝോߘ߁ߢߪߥ޿‫ޕ‬㑆ធ⊛ߛ߇‫ޟ߇ࠄࠇߘޔ‬᫪ᨋ࿾‫ޠ‬⋭ߩ㑆ធ⊛ߥ౉ᬀଦㅴ╷‫ޔ‬બណ᡽╷ߩᓇ㗀‫ޔ‬1970ౝㄘ࿾߿ߘࠇࠍᎼࠆ᡽╷᳿ቯࠍ੺ߒߡ᫪ᨋߩᣂߚ

ᐕઍߩ᡽ᖱਇ቟ቯߩᓇ㗀‫ޔ‬ᨐߡߪ᫪ᨋዪߩ▤ℂ⢻

ߥ⠹࿾ൻߦ❬߇ߞߚ଀ߪ‫ޔ‬ㆊ෰ߦ޿ߊߟ߆ႎ๔ߐ

ജߩਇ஻ߣ޿ߞߚὐ߹ߢ᜼ߍߡ޿ߚ‫ޔ߇ࠈߎߣޕ‬ࠇߡ޿ࠆ‫ޕ‬ฎߊߪ 1975 ᐕ 4 ᦬ 4 ᣣ㚂⋧઎‫ޔ‬ᣂߒߎࠇߦኻߒߡ‫ޔ‬‫ޟ‬᫪ᨋ࿾‫ޠ‬ᜰቯ㧔଻ోᨋᜰቯ㧕߇ᣢ

ߊߪ 1997 ᐕ 4 ᦬ߩㅢ⒓‫ࠝࠔࠖࠠࡓ࠽ࡦࡢޟ‬᳿⼏‫ޠ‬ሽㄘ࿾ࠍߩߺㄟࠎߛ࿑ᑼߦߥࠆߣ‫⸒ߩߘޔ‬෸㊂ߪ߽‫ޔ‬᫪ᨋߩᣂߚߥ⠹࿾ൻࠍଦߒߚߣᜰ៰ߐࠇࠆ

ߕߞߣᷫࠅ‫ޔ‬੐೨ߩታ࿾⺞ᩏ߇☻㔀ߛߞߚߣ޿߁‫ޔ‬[Phucatkan raiwan 26-27/7/1997, 28/7/1997‫ޔ‬ὶὐߩߕࠇߚⷐ࿃ࠍឭ␜ߔࠆߦ⇐߹ߞߡ޿ߚ‫╩ޕ‬

Nophat 1999:97]‫ߚߒ߁ߎޕ‬๮઎߿᳿⼏ߦߪ‫ޔ‬‫ޟ‬ㄘ⠪߇ߎߩⷐ࿃ࠍ‫ޟ‬ὶὐ߇ߕࠇߡ޿ࠆ‫ߣޠ‬⠨߃ࠆ‫ޔ‬᳃⚵❱ߦࠃࠆ⓭߈਄ߍߩਛߢߩ᳿ቯߛߞߚ‫ޟޔޠ‬᫪

ߘߩℂ↱ߦߟ޿ߡߪߔߋਅߢㅀߴࠆ‫ޕ‬ᨋߩᣂߚߥ⠹࿾ൻࠍ⺃⊒ߒ߁ࠆౝኈߛߞߚ‫޿ߣޠ‬

ᧄⓂߢขࠅ਄ߍࠆ‫ޔ‬ᢙዋߥ޿೨⠪ߩ࿑ᑼߦ⸅ࠇ

߁౒ㅢὐ߇޽ߞߚ߇‫ߩࠗ࠲߽ߘ߽ߘޔ‬ㄘ᳃ㆇേ߇

ߚ߽ߩߩਛߢ‫⸒ߢߎߎ߼੍ޔ‬෸ߔߴ߈ߣ⠨߃ࠆ⺑‫ޟ‬᫪ᨋ࿾‫ޠ‬ౝߩㄘ࿾໧㗴ࠍߘߩⷐ᳞㗄⋡ߦឝߍࠆ᣿ߪੑߟ޽ࠆ‫ߌࠊࠅߣߪߟ৻ޕ‬࿖᦭଻ోᨋၞߩᜰ

ࠃ߁ߦߥߞߚ⢛᥊ߦߪ‫ޔ‬‫ޟ‬᫪ᨋ࿾‫ޠ‬ᜰቯߩᣇ߇ᄙߊ

ቯߦᒰߚࠅ‫઀ߩ␜౏ߩߘޔ‬ᣇߦ໧㗴߇޽ߞߚߣ޿

ߩᣢሽㄘ࿾ࠍߩߺㄟࠎߢ޿ߚߣ޿߁੐ᖱ߇޽ߞߚ

߁߽ߩ[Sayamon 1995:207-212]‫ߪߟ৻߁߽ޔ‬ห᭽― 28 ―

࠲ࠗ⎇ⓥ NO.7 2007ߦ৻ቯߩᮭ೑ࠍ᦭ߔࠆᣢሽㄘ࿾ࠍᓟ߆ࠄክᩏ࡮⺞߽ߘ߽ߩ⎇ⓥ⋡⊛߇ᧄⓂߣ⇣ߥߞߡ޿ߚߎߣ߽޽

ᢛߔࠆߚ߼ߩⷙቯౝኈ࡮ᚻ⛯߈߇ᾘ㔀ߛߞߚߚ߼

ࠆ߇‫⺑ߩࠄࠇߘޔ‬᣿ߪ⃻ታߦ޽ߞߚਛ㑆⊛ߥୃᱜߦ‫ߤࠎߣ߶߇ࠄࠇߘޔ‬ᯏ⢻ߒߥ߆ߞߚߣ޿߁߽ߩ

ㆊ⒟ࠍߣ߫ߒߡ‫ޔ‬නߦ⚿⺰ㇱಽߛߌࠍឭ␜ߒߚߣ

ߛ[Narachoowong 1996:129-137]‫ࡦࡠ࡯࡜ࡘ࠴ޕ‬޿߁ᕈ⾰ߩ߽ߩߛߞߚ‫╙ޕ‬ੑߦ‫ޔ‬ੑ⺑᣿ߪ⏕߆ߦࠦ࡯ࡦᄢቇᴺቇㇱߦឭ಴ߐࠇߚੑߟߩୃ჻⺰ᢥߩ⺋ࠅߢߪߥ޿߇‫ઁޔ‬ᣇߢ‫ߚߞ޽߆ߟߊ޿ޔ‬୘‫ߩޘ‬ਛߦ⷗ࠄࠇߚߎࠇࠄߩ⺑᣿ࠍ‫╩ޔ‬⠪߇㊀ⷐߣ⠨߃ᛛⴚ⺰⊛ߥⷐ࿃ࠍනߦ␜ߒߚߣ޿ߞߚ㘃ߩ߽ߩߢ‫ޔ‬ࠆߩߪ‫߇ࠇߙࠇߘޔ‬㑐ㅪᴺߩⷙቯౝኈࠍචಽߦᢵ

╵߃ߣߒߡߪᔅߕߒ߽ᩭᔃၞࠍ⓭޿ߚ߽ߩߢߪߥ㈨ߒߚ਄ߢឭ␜ߐࠇߡ޿ߚߣ⷗ߥߖࠆ߆ࠄߛ‫࠲ޕ‬߆ߞߚ‫߁⸒ߢߎߎޕ‬ᩭᔃၞࠍ⓭޿ߡ޿ߚ߆ߤ߁߆

ࠗߩ଻ోᨋᴺ߽‫ߩߘޔ‬㗔ၞߩᜰቯߦᒰߚࠅ‫ޘ⻉ޔ‬ߩ್ᢿၮḰߪ‫⬄ߡߒߣ߃╵ޔ‬ὼᕈ߇㜞޿ߣ޿߁ߎ

ߩ⚦⋡ࠍቯ߼ߡ޿ߚ‫ߚߒ߁ߘޕ‬೙ᐲ⊛೨ឭ߳ߩ⸒

ߣߦട߃‫߇ࠇߘޔ‬㐳ᦼߦᷰࠅ⛯޿ߚ⍦⋫ߩ⺑᣿ߣ෸߇⋭⇛ߐࠇࠆ߆‫ߪߊߒ߽ޔ‬චಽߦ〯߹߃ࠄࠇߕ‫ޔ‬ߒߡ৻ቯએ਄ߩ⺑ᓧജࠍᜬߞߡ޿ߚ߆ุ߆ߣ޿߁

ߚߣ߃߫‫ޟ‬㧔࠲ࠗߩ㧕଻ోᨋၞᜰቯߪኾᢿ⊛ߛߞߚ‫ޠ‬ὐߢ޽ࠆ‫ޕ‬[Rigg 1993:281]ߣᦠ߆ࠇߡ߽‫ߩ⺰⼏ߥ߽ߣ߹ޔ‬ኻ࠲ࠗߦ⃻ሽߔࠆ࿖᦭଻ోᨋၞߩ߶ߣࠎߤߪ‫ޔ‬⽎ߦߪߥࠄߥ޿‫ޔߚ߹ޕ‬వߦࡧࠔࡦ࠳࡯ࠡ࡯ࠬ࠻

1964 ᐕ࿖᦭଻ోᨋᴺߦ߽ߣߠ߈ᜰቯߐࠇߚ߽ߩ

ߩ␜ߒߚⷐ࿃ࠍ‫ޟ‬ὶὐߩߕࠇߚ‫߶ޔ߽ߩߚߒߣޠ‬ߛ‫ޕ‬ห᭽ߦ࿖┙౏࿦ߥߤߩ଻⼔ᨋၞ߽‫ޔ‬࿖᦭଻ో߷ห೉ߩℂ↱߆ࠄߛ‫ޕ‬એਅߢ߽⸅ࠇࠆࠃ߁ߦ‫⃻ޔ‬ᨋၞߣߩ㗔ၞ⊛ߥ㊀ⶄᜰቯࠍ೨ឭߣߒߚߎߣߢ‫ޔ‬

ⴕߩ 1964 ᐕ࿖᦭଻ోᨋᴺߪ‫ޔ‬ห㗔ၞᜰቯߩㄦㅦ

ᚻ⛯߈਄ߘߩᜰቯ߇ኈᤃߦߥߞߚߣ޿߁⷗ᣇ߇޽

ൻࠍᦨᄢߩ⋡⊛ߣߒߡ೙ቯ࡮౏Ꮣߐࠇߚ߽ߩߛߞ

ࠆ 4㧕‫ޕ‬࿖᦭଻ోᨋᜰቯᤨߦ⻉‫ߩޘ‬ᮭ೑⺞ᢛ߇ᷣ߹ߚ‫ޔ߼ߚߩߎޕ‬੐೨ߩታ࿾⺞ᩏߦߟ޿ߡߪߘߩ૞

ߐࠇߡ޿ߡ‫ߦ߃ࠁࠇߘޔ‬ᓟߩ଻⼔ᨋᜰቯᤨߦߪߘ

ᬺ࡮ᚻ⛯߈ࠍᄢ᏷ߦ◲⇛ൻߒ‫⇛◲ߩߘޔ‬ൻಽࠍ੐߁ߒߚᚻ⛯߈ߩ⋭⇛߇น⢻ߛߞߚߣ޿߁⸃㉼߽ᚑᓟߩᮭ೑⺞ᢛ૞ᬺߢ⵬߁ߣ޿߁ේೣࠍណߞߚ‫ߒޕ‬ࠅ┙ߞߚ߆ࠄߛ‫⃻ޔ߫ࠇߔߣޕ‬࿷޽ࠆ‫ޟ‬᫪ᨋ࿾‫ޠ‬ߚ߇ߞߡ‫ߥ߁ࠃߩߎޔ‬ᴺߩේೣࠍ೨ឭߣߔࠇ߫‫ޔ‬ᜰቯ࿾ߩᄙߊ߇‫ޔ‬ታ⾰⊛ߦ 1964 ᐕ࿖᦭଻ోᨋᴺ

ࡧࠔࡦ࠳࡯ࠡ࡯ࠬ࠻ߩ᜼ߍߚ‫ޟ‬੐೨⺞ᩏ߇☻㔀ߛߦ߽ߣߠߊ㗔ၞᜰቯߦଐ᜚ߒߡ޿ࠆߣ⸒߁ߎߣ߽

ߞߚ‫ⷐ߁޿ߣޠ‬࿃ߪ‫ޔ‬ర᧪ߩᴺߩᑪ೨ࠍߥ߅ߑࠅ

ߢ߈ࠆ‫ޕ‬1964 ᐕ࿖᦭଻ోᨋᴺߪ‫ߩߘޔ‬೨りߢ޽ࠆߦߒߚ߽ߩߣ⸒߃ߚ‫ޔࠅ߹ߟޕ‬ᴺߩᑪ೨߆ࠄߔࠆ

1938 ᐕ ᫪ ᨋ ⛔ ᴦ ࡮ ଻ ో ᴺ (Praracha banyatߣ‫ో଻ޔ‬ᨋᜰቯ߇ᣢሽㄘ࿾ࠍߩߺㄟࠎߛ໧㗴ߩᧄ

khumkhrong le saguan pa)ߩ㗔ၞᜰቯේೣࠍ

⾰⊛ᚲ࿷ߪ‫ޔ‬੐೨⺞ᩏߩᲑ㓏ߢߪߥߊ‫ޔ‬੐ᓟ⺞ᢛ

180 ᐲᦠ߈ᦧ߃‫ޔ‬㗔ၞౝߦ޽ࠆᣢሽ೑↪࿾ߩᮭ೑ߩᲑ㓏ߩᣇߦ޽ߞߚߩߛ‫ޕ‬

⺞ᢛᣇᴺࠍ੐೨⺞ᢛဳ߆ࠄ੐ᓟ⺞ᢛဳ߳ߣᡷ߼ߚ‫ޕ‬৻ᣇ‫ޔ‬਄⸥ߩੑߟߩୃ჻⺰ᢥਛߩੑ⺑᣿ߦ߽‫ޔ‬ߔߥࠊߜ‫ޔ‬ᜰቯߒࠃ߁ߣߔࠆ㗔ၞߩᮭ೑㑐ଥࠍ੍޿ߊߟ߆ߩὐߢ໧㗴߇޽ߞߚ‫╩ߦ․߽ߢ߆ߥޕ‬⠪߼ᢛℂߒߚ਄ߢ‫ో଻ޔ‬ᨋᜰቯߔࠆߣ޿߁ᒻᑼ߆ࠄ‫ޔ‬߇໧㗴ߣ⠨߃ࠆ੐ᨩߪੑߟ޽ࠆ‫ޔߦ৻╙ޕ‬ฦ⺑᣿߹ߕᦨೋߦ࿖᦭଻ోᨋᜰቯߒ‫ߩߘޔ‬ᓟߢᮭ೑ߩ↳߇ߘࠇߙࠇߩༀᓟ╷⊛ߥㇱಽࠍ߽චಽߦⷒߞߚ਄

๔ࠍฃߌઃߌ‫৻ࠍࠇߘޔ‬ቯߩේೣߩਅߢ⺞ᢛ࡮ಣߢឭ␜ߐࠇߡ޿ߚ⸶ߢߪߥ߆ߞߚߣ޿߁ὐߛ‫ߘޕ‬ℂߔࠆߣ޿߁ᒻᑼߦᡷ߼ߚ‫⚿ߩߘޕ‬ᨐ‫ޔ‬ᓥ᧪ߦᲧ― 29 ―

࠲ࠗߦ߅ߌࠆ‫ޟ‬᫪ᨋ࿾‫ޠ‬ౝㄘ࿾ᒻᚑ࡮⛽ᜬߩೋᦼ⊛ࡔࠞ࠾࠭ࡓ

ߴ‫ޔ‬࿖᦭଻ోᨋၞᜰቯߩࡍ࡯ࠬߪ‫ޔ‬ᩰᲑߦടㅦߒ

᭴࿑ߣ૬ߖߡ‫◲ޔ‬නߦㅀߴࠆ‫ޕ‬એਅߢߪ‫ޔ‬‫ޟ‬㑐ㅪᴺߚ‫ߒ߆ߒޕ‬หᤨߦ‫ޔ‬ㅒߦߘߩᜰቯߩᣇ߇ᄙߊߩᣢ

ߩ᭎⇛‫ޟޔޠ‬ㄘ࿾╬ߩᘒ᭽‫ޟޔޠ‬୘‫ߩޘ‬ᛛⴚ⺰⊛ߥⷐሽㄘ࿾ࠍߩߺㄟߺ‫⁁ߚߒ߁ߘߪߦࠄߐޔ‬ᘒ߇㐳ߊ࿃ߣԘߩ৻ㅪߩ᡽╷࡮᡽ᴦㆊ⒟‫ߩޠ‬㗅ߢ⸒෸ߒ‫ޔ‬⛽ᜬߐࠇࠆߎߣߦ߽ߥߞߚ‫ޔ߇ߣߎߩߎޔߡߒߘޕ‬ᦨᓟߦԙߣԚߦߟ޿ߡ⸥ߔ‫ߦࠄߐߢߎߎޔ߅ߥޕ‬᳃ਥൻᦼࠍਛᔃߦㄘ᳃ㆇേߩᵴജḮߩ৻ߟߣߥࠅ‫ޔ‬⏕⹺ߒߡ߅ߌ߫‫ᧄޔ‬Ⓜߢ⸒߁࿖᦭଻ోᨋ࿾ౝㄘ࿾

භ᦭ㄘ᳃ነࠅߩ᡽╷ᚑ┙ߦ❬߇ߞߚ߫߆ࠅ߆‫ޔ‬᫪ᒻᚑ࡮⛽ᜬߩೋᦼ⊛ࡔࠞ࠾࠭ࡓߣ޿߁ᤨߩ‫ޟ‬ೋᦼᨋߩᣂߚߥ⠹࿾ൻߐ߃߽ᒁ߈⿠ߎߒߚ‫ޕ‬⊛‫ో଻ޔߪߣޠ‬ᨋᜰቯߩᣇ߇ᣢሽㄘ࿾ࠍߩߺㄟߺ‫ޔ‬ߎ߁ߒߚዷ㐿ߪ‫ߩࠗ࠲ޔ‬᫪ᨋⴕ᡽߇‫ޟ‬᫪ᨋ࿾‫ޠ‬ߘߩ⁁ᘒ߇⛽ᜬߐࠇߡ޿ߊࠃ߁ߦߥߞߚ࿑ᑼߩᣇ

▤ℂ೙ᐲࠍዉ౉ߒߚᒰೋߩᕁᖺ߆ࠄߔࠇ߫‫ޔ‬᣿ࠄࠍᜰߔ‫ޔߚ߹ޕ‬࿖᦭଻ోᨋ࿾ౝߦㄘ࿾߇ᒻᚑ࡮⛽߆ߦ⍦⋫ߒߚ੐ᘒߣ⠨߃ࠄࠇࠆ߇‫߽ߘ߽ߘߪߢޔ‬ᜬߐࠇߚ⁁ᘒߣߪ‫ޔ‬1964 ᐕᴺߩ੐ᓟ⺞ᢛේೣࠍ〯ߥߗߎߩࠃ߁ߥ੐ᘒ߇࠲ࠗߢ⿠߈ߚߩ߆‫ᧄޕ‬Ⓜߪ‫ޔ‬߹߃‫ޔ‬නߦห㗔ၞౝߦㄘ࿾߇ታ࿷ߒߡ޿ࠆ⁁ᘒࠍߘߩ┵✜ߩ৻ߟࠍ‫ޟ‬᫪ᨋ࿾‫ޠ‬‫߽ߢ߆ߥޔ‬࿖᦭଻ోᨋ

ᜰߒߡ⸒߁ߩߢߪߥߊ‫⁁ߩߘޔ‬ᘒ߇ర᧪ߩේೣߦ

࿾ౝㄘ࿾ߩᒻᚑ࡮⛽ᜬߩೋᦼ⊛ࡔࠞ࠾࠭ࡓߣ๭ߴ

෻ߒߡ᡽╷⊛ߦኈ⹺ߐࠇߚᲑ㓏ࠍᜰߒߡ⸒߁ߎߣ

ࠆ߽ߩߩਛߦ᳞߼‫ޔ‬᣿ࠄ߆ߦߒࠃ߁ߣ޿߁߽ߩߛ‫ޕ‬ߣߔࠆ‫ޕ‬

ౕ૕⊛ߦߪߎߩ⋡⊛ߩߚ߼ߦਃߟߩߎߣࠍⴕ߁‫ޕ‬࠲ࠗߩ᫪ᨋⴕ᡽ߪ‫ޔ‬1970 ᐕઍߦߘߩ‫ޟ‬᫪ᨋ࿾‫▤ޠ‬

2. ‫ޟ‬᫪ᨋ࿾‫ޠ‬ᜰቯ㑐ㅪᴺߩᱧผ⊛ዷ㐿ߣ⃻ℂᣇᴺߩᩮᐙߦ㑐ࠊࠆ޽ࠆ㊀ᄢߥේೣォ឵ࠍⴕߞ

ⴕᴺߩ᭎ⷐߡ޿ߚ߇‫ޔ‬Ԙߘߎߦ⥋ࠆ৻ㅪߩ᡽╷࡮᡽ᴦㆊ⒟ࠍ‫ޔ‬᫪ᨋⴕ᡽ߦࠃࠆ৻ߟߩวℂ⊛ㆬᛯߩㆊ⒟ߛߞߚߣ

(1) ࠲ࠗߦ߅ߌࠆ᫪ᨋ㐿ნߩᅑബ࡮ㅊ⹺ߩᱧผ

޿߁೨ឭߩ߽ߣߦㄡࠅ‫ߢ⺰⚿ޔ‬ㅀߴࠆߎߣߩ⺰᜚‫ޟ‬1997 ᐕᙗᴺ‫ޠ‬ᚑ┙ߩ┙ᓎ⠪ߣߒߡ߽⍮ࠄࠇࠆࠍ᣿ࠄ߆ߦߔࠆ‫ޕ‬ԙ଻ోᨋᜰቯ߇ᄙߊߩᣢሽㄘ࿾

⪺ฬߥᴺቇ⠪‫⺰ࠆ޽ߪࠢ࠶ࠨࡦ࡯ࠜ࠙࡯ࡏޔ‬ᢥߩࠍߩߺㄟࠎߛ࿑ᑼߩᩮᐩߦ‫ޔ‬᫪ᨋⴕ᡽ߦࠃࠆวℂ

ਛߢ࠲ࠗߦ߅ߌࠆ‫ޟ‬᫪ᨋ࿾‫ޠ‬ᜰቯ㑐ㅪᴺߩᱧผ⊛⊛ㆬᛯߩ⚿ᨐߣߒߡߩ਄⸥ේೣォ឵ߩᓇ㗀߇޽ߞዷ㐿ࠍ‫ޔ‬‫ޟ‬bukbuek㧔㐿ᜏߔࠆ㧕‫ޟߣޠ‬bukruk㧔ਇߚߎߣࠍᜰ៰ߔࠆ‫ޕ‬Ԛᒰᤨߩ࠻࡟࡯࠼ࠝࡈ⁁ᴫਅ

ᴺଚ౉ߔࠆ㧕
‫߁޿ߣޠ‬ੑߟߩࠠ࡯ࡢ࡯࠼ࠍ↪޿ߡ⺑ߢߩ‫ߩߘޔ‬ේೣォ឵‫ޔ‬ㆬᛯ߇ߎߎߢ⸒߁‫ޟ‬೙ᐲ⊛᣿ߒߡ޿ࠆ[Borwornsak 1994]‫ࠨࡦ࡯ࠜ࠙࡯ࡏޕ‬㥿㦉‫ߚߞ޿ߣޠ‬⍦⋫ߒߚ੐ᘒߩ┵✜ߣߥߞߚ᭴࿑

࠶ࠢ߇ߎ߁ߒߚੑ⺆ߢᒝ⺞ߒߚ߆ߞߚߩߪ‫⚿ޔ‬ዪࠍㅀߴࠆ‫ޕ‬ߪᰴߩࠃ߁ߥὐߛ‫ߡ޿߅ߦࠗ࠲ޕ‬᫪ᨋߣߪర᧪‫ޔ‬

ᧄⓂߪ਄ߢ⸒߁Ԙߩ੐ᨩࠍ⸥ㅀߩਛᔃߣߔࠆ߇‫ޔ‬㐿ნ߇ᅑബߐࠇߚ႐ᚲߛߞߚ‫ߩߘޔ߇ࠈߎߣޕ‬ᓟ‫ޔ‬หᤨߦߘߩ೨ឭߣߒߡ‫ޟ‬᫪ᨋ࿾‫ޠ‬ᜰቯ㑐ㅪᴺߩ᭎

ߘ߁ߒߚⴕὑ߇ⷙ೙ߐࠇࠆࠃ߁ߦߥࠅ‫ߦࠄߐޔ‬႐⇛߿‫ޟ‬᫪ᨋ࿾‫ޠ‬ᜰቯ࿾ౝㄘ࿾╬ߩᘒ᭽ߦߟ޿ߡ߽

วߦࠃߞߡߪଚ౉ߔࠆߛߌߢㅱ᝝ߩኻ⽎ߣ߽ߥࠅ᭎ⷰߔࠆ‫ޔߚ߹ޕ‬ᣢሽ⎇ⓥ߇ㅀߴߚࠃ߁ߥ‫ޟ‬᫪ᨋ߁ࠆⓨ㑆߳ߣᄌ⾰ߒߚ‫ߥ߁ࠃߩߎޔߡߒߘޕ‬ᄌ⾰࿾‫ޠ‬ౝㄘ࿾ᒻᚑ࡮⛽ᜬߩ୘‫ߩޘ‬ᛛⴚ⺰⊛ߥⷐ࿃ߦࠍⷙቯߒߡ޿ߞߚ߽ߩ߇‫ޔ‬‫ޟ‬᫪ᨋ࿾‫ޠ‬ᜰቯߦ㑐ㅪߔߟ޿ߡ߽‫ޔ‬Ԙߩ৻ㅪߩ᡽╷࡮᡽ᴦㆊ⒟ࠍ〯߹߃ߚ

ࠆᴺ೙ᐲߛߞߚߣ޿߁‫ߦ߁ࠃߩߎޔߪߢߎߎޕ‬ᓥ― 30 ―

࠲ࠗ⎇ⓥ NO.7 2007᧪⠹࿾࡝ࠩ࡯ࡉߣߒߡ‫ޟ‬㐿ᜏ(bukbuek)‫߇ޠ‬ᅑബ

Kitahara 2003]‫ޕ‬ߐࠇߚⓨ㑆ߛߞߚ᫪ᨋ࿾߇‫ޔ‬ㅒߦ‫ޟ‬᫪ᨋ࿾‫ߒߣޠ‬ߎ߁ߒߚ⎇ⓥߪ‫ޔ‬‫ߢࠗ࠲ޟ‬᫪ߩ㐿ნ߇ᅑബߐࠇߡ

ߡ଻ోߐࠇࠆߴ߈ⓨ㑆߳ߣォ឵ߐࠇߡ޿ߞߚᴺ೙

߈ߚ߆ุ߆‫⥄ޠ‬૕ࠍ‫⋥ޔ‬ធᬌ⸽ߒࠃ߁ߣߒߚ߽ߩ

ᐲ⊛ߥዷ㐿ㆊ⒟ߣ‫ࠆߔ᦭⃻ߦ․ߪߦࠄߐޔ‬㑐ଥᴺߢߪߥ޿‫ࠇߙࠇߘޔߪ޿ࠄߨߩߘޕ‬೎ߩߣߎࠈߦ

ߩౝኈߦߟ޿ߡ߽‫ޔ‬᭎ⷰߒߡ߅߈ߚ޿‫ޕ‬޽ࠆ‫ࠇߙࠇߘޔߒ߆ߒޕ‬೎ߩ࠹࡯ࡑࠍ⺰⸽ߒߡ޿߹ߕ‫ߢࠗ࠲ߣ߽ߣ߽ޔ‬᫪ᨋߩ㐿ნ߇ᅑബ࡮ㅊ⹺

ߊㆊ⒟ߢ‫ޔ‬਄ㅀߩࠃ߁ߥὐ߽ឝߍߡ߅ࠅ‫⚿ޔ‬ᨐߣߐࠇߡ߈ߚߣ޿߁ߩߪ‫ࠢ࠶ࠨࡦ࡯ࠜ࠙࡯ࡏޔ‬એᄖߒߡ‫ޔ‬ฎઍࠕ࡙࠲ࡗᦼߦ࠲ࠗߢ᫪ᨋߩ㐿ნ߇ᅑബߩ⎇ⓥ߆ࠄ߽┍߃ࠆߎߣߛ‫ޔ߫߃ߣߚޕ‬෹᧖ߪ‫ޔ‬ߐࠇߡ޿ߚߎߣ߿‫ߩߘޔ‬ᓟ‫ޔ‬ㄭઍߦߘࠇࠍㅊ⹺ߔ

࠲ࠗߦ⃻ሽߔࠆ໑৻ߩવ⛔ᴺߣߒߡ⍮ࠄࠇࠆਃශ

ࠆࠃ߁ߥᴺ೙ᐲ⊛ᵹࠇ߇޽ߞߚߎߣࠍ␜ߒߡ޿ࠆ‫ޕ‬ᴺౖߩ޽ࠆㇱಽࠍᒁ↪ߒ‫ߡߟ߆ޔ‬࿖ኅ߇⒅⒢෼౉

ർේߦࠃࠆߣ‫ࠗ࠲ޔ‬ㄭઍߩ࿯࿾᡽╷ࠍ⠨ኤߔࠆߩߚ߼ߦ‫ޔ‬᫪ࠍߪߓ߼ߣߔࠆ⨹⭢࿾ߩ㐿ნࠍⓍᭂ

႐วߦ㊀ⷐߣ⷗ࠄࠇࠆ࿯࿾㑐ଥᴺߪ‫ޔ‬1909 ᐕ࿾೛⊛ߦᅑബߒߡ޿ߚߎߣࠍ␜ߒߡ޿ࠆ[෹᧖੤ઃᴺ‫ޔ‬1936 ᐕ࿾೛੤ઃᴺ‫ޔ‬1954 ᐕ࿯࿾ᴺߩਃ

1967:73‫ޔ‬1976:215]‫ࠆ޽ߩߘޕ‬ㇱಽߣߪ‫ޔ‬‫߽⺕ޟ‬૑

ߟߢ޽ࠆ‫ޔ߽ߢ߆ߥޕ‬‫ߩߣޠࡦ࡯࡚࠴࡮ࡊ࠶ࡖ࠴ޟ‬ࠎߢ޿ߥ޿ᧂ㐿ნߩ᫪ᨋේ㊁߇޽ࠆ‫ੱޕ‬᳃ࠍ⺃⥌㑐ଥߢࠃࠅ㊀ⷐߥߩߪᓟੑ⠪ߢ‫╙ߦ․ޔ‬ਃߩ 1954ߒߡ‫ߩߎޔ‬࿯࿾ߢ↢ᵴߐߖ‫ޔ‬࿖ᐶߦ౉ࠆ⒅⒢ࠍჇ

ᐕᴺߪ‫ޔ‬‫ޟ‬භ᦭ψ৻ቯᦼ㑆ߩ೑↪ߦࠃࠆᮭ೑ߩ⊒↢ടߐߖࠇ߫‫ߩߎޔࠇ޽ߢ⺕ޔ‬⠪ߦⶋ⾨ࠍਈ߃ࠆ‫ޠ‬ψᚲ᦭ߣ޿߁‫ޔ‬ᚲ᦭ߩ⛮⿠⊛⊒ዷߩ⏕⹺߅ࠃ߮ฦ

ߣ޿߁ߊߛࠅߢ޽ࠆ‫ޔߚ߹ޕ‬ർේߪ‫ޔ‬‫࡮ࡊ࠶ࡖ࠴ޟ‬Ბ㓏ߦ߅ߌࠆᮭ೑ߩ᣿⏕ൻࠍⴕߥ߁ߎߣߦࠃࠅ‫ޔ‬࠴࡚࡯ࡦ‫ߣޠ‬๭߫ࠇࠆਃශᴺౖߦ߽⷗ࠄࠇߚᘠ⠌㊀ጀ⊛ᮭ೑(߅ࠃ߮ߘߩᮭ೑⸽ᦠ)ߩ૕♽ൻࠍⴕߞ⊛ߥභ᦭ᮭ߇‫ߩߘޔ‬ᓟ‫ޔ‬ᴺ೙ᐲ⊛ߦߤ߁૏⟎ઃߌߚ‫[ޠ‬ർේ 1974:293]‫ޔߚ߹ޕ‬1954 ᐕᴺߪ‫৻ޔ‬ㇱࠄࠇߡ߈ߚߩ߆ࠍ〔ߠߌ‫ ߇ࠇߘޔ‬1936 ᐕᴺ߿ߢᄢ߈ߥᡷ⸓ㇱಽߪ޽ࠆ߽ߩߩ‫⃻ޔ‬࿷߽↪޿ࠄࠇ

1954 ᐕᴺߣ޿ߞߚㄭઍ⊛ߥ࿯࿾ᴺߦ߅޿ߡ৻ᔕ

ߡ޿ࠆ⃻ⴕᴺߢ޽ࠆ‫ ߪߢߎߎޕ‬1954 ᐕ࿯࿾ᴺ߇

ㅊ⹺ߐࠇߚߎߣࠍ␜ߒߡ޿ࠆ[ർේ 2002a‫ޔ‬
2002b‫ޔ‬ᒰೋⷙቯߒߡ޿ߚ‫ޔ‬‫ޟ‬ᚲ᦭ߩ⛮⿠⊛⊒ዷ‫ߩޠ‬࿑㩷 ࿑㪄㪈㩷㪈㪐㪌㪋 ᐕ࿯࿾ᴺ䈮䉅䈫䈨䈒࿾೛䊶࿯࿾⸽ᦠ⊒ⴕ䉁䈪䈱ਥ䈭ᵹ䉏㩷࿯࿾භ᦭㩿๔⍮㪀ᦠ䉸䊷䉮䊷㪈࿯࿾೑↪㩿ᷣ㪀⸽ᦠ䊉䊷䉸䊷㪊䇮䊉䊷䉸䊷㪊䉮䊷࿯࿾ᚲ᦭ᮭ⸽ᦠ
䉼䊞䊉䊷䊃䊶䊁䉞䊂䉞䊮භ᦭⠪䈱๔⍮䉕ฃ䈔䇮㇭䈏⊒ⴕ䈚䈢ฃ㗔ᦠ࿾࿑ઃ䈐䇮䉁䈢䈲ⓨਛ౮⌀࿾࿑ઃ䈐⸽ᦠ

᷹㊂࿾࿑ઃ䈐䈱⸽ᦠᵈ⸥㪑䈖䈖䈪䈲․䈮ᦨ䉅৻⥸⊛䈭࿑ᑼ䈣䈔䉕⸥䈚䈢䇯㩷ᑼߦߟ޿ߡ‫╩ޔ‬⠪ߥࠅߦ◲ẖߦ߹ߣ߼ߚ߽ߩ߽␜

(2) ⁛⥄ߩ‫ޟ‬᫪ᨋ࿾‫ޠ‬ᜰቯ㑐ㅪᴺߩᚑ┙ߣหᴺߦ

ߒߡ߅ߎ߁(࿑-1)‫ޕ‬࿑-1 ౝߦ⸥ߒߚ᭴࿑߿੐㗄ߪ‫ޔ‬߽ߣߠߊᜰቯߩṛࠅ╙ 4 ▵ߢㅀߴࠆ‫ޔ‬࿖᦭଻ోᨋᴺ߇ߤߩࠃ߁ߥේೣ

ᰴߦ‫ޔ‬ㅒߦ᫪ᨋࠍභ᦭‫ޔ‬㐿ნ߆ࠄ଻ో࡮଻⼔ߔߩਅߢ㗔ၞౝߩᮭ೑߿↪⋉ࠍಣℂߒࠃ߁ߣߒߡ޿

ࠆࠃ߁ߥ೙ᐲߪ‫ߦ߁ࠃߩߤޔ‬ዷ㐿ߐࠇߡ߈ߚߩ߆‫ޕ‬ߚߩ߆ߣ޿߁ㇱಽߣ߽㑐ଥߒߡߊࠆ߽ߩߛ‫ޕ‬⚿⺰߆ࠄ⸒߃߫‫ߢࠗ࠲ޔ‬᫪ᨋ߇㗔ၞߣߒߡ଻ోߩ

― 31 ―

࠲ࠗߦ߅ߌࠆ‫ޟ‬᫪ᨋ࿾‫ޠ‬ౝㄘ࿾ᒻᚑ࡮⛽ᜬߩೋᦼ⊛ࡔࠞ࠾࠭ࡓ

ኻ⽎ߣߐࠇߡߊࠆߩߪ‫ߩߘޔ‬㐿ნ߇ᅑബߐࠇߡ߈

[Krom pamai 1996a:61]‫ޕ‬ߚᱧผ߆ࠄߔࠇ߫‫ᦨߣߞߕޔ‬ㄭߩߎߣߢ޽ࠆ‫࠴ޕ‬ߐߡ‫ ߦ߁ࠃߩߎޔ‬1938 ᐕᴺߩ౏Ꮣߪᴺ೙ผ⊛࡯ࠢߩࠃ߁ߥ᫪ᨋౝߩ․ቯ᦭↪᮸ࠍ଻ోߔࠆ೙ᐲ

ߦߪ⏕߆ߦ㊀ⷐߛߞߚߣ⸒߃ࠆ߇‫⃻ߩߘޔ‬ታߩ࿯ߪ‫ޔ‬Ყセ⊛ᣧߊ߆ࠄ⷗ࠄࠇߚ‫ޔߒ߆ߒޕ‬᮸ᧁߛߌ࿾೑↪ߦኻߔࠆᓇ㗀ജߪ‫ߩߤޔ‬⒟ᐲߩ߽ߩߛߞߚ

ߢߪߥߊ‫ߩߘޔ‬ਅߩ࿯࿾߽฽߼‫ޔ‬᫪ᨋ߇‫ޟ‬᫪ᨋ࿾‫ޠ‬ߩߛࠈ߁߆‫ޔ߫߃⸒ࠄ߆⺰⚿ࠅߪ߿ޕ‬1938 ᐕ᫪ᨋ

ߣߒߡᴺ⊛ߥ଻ోߩኻ⽎ߣߐࠇߡߊࠆߩߪ‫޿ߖޔ‬⛔ᴦ࡮଻ోᴺߩ⃻ታߩ࿯࿾೑↪ߦኻߔࠆࠗࡦࡄࠢ

ߗ޿೨਎♿એ㒠ߩߎߣߛߞߚ‫ޕ‬࠻ߪ‫ߡߒߐޔ‬ᄢ߈ߥ߽ߩߢߪߥ߆ߞߚ‫ޔࠄߥߗߥޕ‬߽ߣ߽ߣ⧷㗔ࠗࡦ࠼߿ࡆ࡞ࡑߢᨋോߦ៤ࠊࠅ‫ޔ‬

ߎߩᴺߦ߽ߣߠߊ‫ޟ‬᫪ᨋ࿾‫ޠ‬ᜰቯߩ߁ߜ‫⃻ߦ․ޔ‬ߘߩᓟ‫ޔ‬ೋઍߩ࠲ࠗ᫪ᨋዪ㐳ቭߣߒߡㄫ߃ࠄࠇߚ

႐ߩ࿯࿾೑↪ߦࠃࠅᄢ߈ߥᓇ㗀ജࠍ߽ߚࠄߔ‫଻ޟ‬ࠗࠡ࡝ࠬੱ᫪ᨋቭࠬ࡟ࠗ࠼ߪ‫ޔ‬ᒰೋ߆ࠄ࠲ࠗߢ߽

ోᨋ‫ߩޠ‬ᜰቯߩᣇ߇‫ߤࠎߣ߶ޔ‬ㅴ߹ߥ߆ߞߚ߆ࠄ

࿯࿾ࠍ฽߼‫ో଻ޔ‬ᨋߣߒߡ᫪ᨋࠍ▤ℂߔࠆᣇᑼࠍ

ߛ‫ޔ߫߃ߣߚޕ‬᫪ᨋ⛔ᴦ࡮଻ోᴺ౏Ꮣߩ 1938 ᐕዉ ౉ ߔ ߴ ߈ ᣦ ࠍ ឭ ⸒ ߒ ߡ ޿ ߚ [Chaleum߆ࠄ‫ޔ‬ᣂߚߥ࿖᦭଻ోᨋᴺߦࠃߞߡߎߩᴺ߇ขࠅ

1954:78-122]‫߇ࠇߘޔ߇ࠈߎߣޕ‬ታ㓙ߦᴺ᩺ߣߒ

ᶖߐࠇࠆ 1964 ᐕ߹ߢߩ 27 ᐕ㑆ߦ‫ో଻ޔ‬ᨋߣߒߡߡౕ૕ൻߔࠆߦߪ‫ ࠄ߆ࠇߘޔ‬20 ᐕ㑆ࠍⷐߒ‫ࠄߐޔ‬ᜰቯߐࠇߚ㗔ၞߪో࿖ߢ 201 ࡨᚲ‫ޔ‬࿖࿯ߩ⚂ 6㧑ߦ⃻ታߦᴺߣߥࠆߩߦ‫ ߁߽ޔ‬20 ᐕ૛ࠅࠍⷐߒߚ‫ޕ‬ߦㆊ߉ߥ߆ߞߚ[Bunsong 1985:9]‫ޕ‬ߟ߹ࠅ‫ߢࠗ࠲ޔ‬࿯࿾ߣߒߡߩ‫ޟ‬᫪ᨋ‫⌕ߦో଻ߩޠ‬1938 ᐕ᫪ᨋ⛔ᴦ࡮଻ోᴺߦ߽ߣߠߊ଻ోᨋᜰቯ

⋡ߒߚ⁛⥄ߩ‫ޟ‬᫪ᨋ࿾‫ޠ‬ᜰቯ㑐ㅪᴺ߇౏Ꮣߐࠇߚ

߇޽߹ࠅㅴ߹ߥ߆ߞߚℂ↱ߣߒߡ‫ޔ‬ᰴߩੑὐ߇⠨ߩߪ‫ޔ‬1930 ᐕઍᧃߦߥߞߡߩߎߣߢ‫ޔ‬1938 ᐕ᫪߃ࠄࠇࠆ‫৻ޕ‬ὐ⋡ߪ‫߽ߘ߽ߘޔ‬หᴺߦߪ․ߦ‫଻ޟ‬ᨋ⛔ᴦ࡮଻ోᴺ߇ᦨೋߢ޽ߞߚ[Narachoowongోᨋ࿾‫ޠ‬ᜰቯߦᒰߚࠅ‫ᤨࠅߥ߆ޔ‬㑆ࠍⷐߔࠆᚻ⛯1996:25‫ޔ‬㊀౷ 1997:286,300]‫ޕ‬߈߇⋓ࠅㄟ߹ࠇߡ޿ߚ‫ޔࠅ߹ߟޕ‬ᒰೋߩ೙ᐲ⸳⸘

ߥ߅‫ޔ‬ᱜ⏕ߦߪ‫ߩߎޔ‬ᴺએ೨ߦ߽᫪ᨋࠍ࿯࿾ߏ

߆ࠄߒߡ‫ޔ‬ᘕ㊀ߥᚻ⛯߈ࠍ〯ࠎߢ㗔ၞߩ⸳ቯࠍⴕ

ߣ଻ోߒࠃ߁ߣߒߚ଀ߪሽ࿷ߒߚ‫ޕ‬1996 ᐕߦ✬➏߅߁ߣߔࠆ߽ߩߛߞߚߣ޿߁ὐߛ‫ޕ‬1938 ᐕ᫪ᨋ⛔

ߐࠇߚ‫ޟ‬᫪ᨋዪ 100 ᐕผ‫ޔߣࠆࠃߦޠ‬1937 ᐕ߹ᴦ࡮଻ోᴺߢߪ‫ޔ‬ᜰቯ೨ߦ‫ޔ‬᫪ᨋዪߩߺߥࠄߕ⋵ߢߦో࿖ 83 ࡨᚲ‫ޔ‬㕙Ⓧߦߒߡ 44 ਁ࡜ࠗᒙߩ᫪ᨋ

߿㇭ᒰዪࠍ฽߻ᆔຬળࠍ⸳⟎ߒ‫ߩߘޔ‬႐ߢᜰቯߒ

߇଻ోߐࠇߡ޿ߚߣ޽ࠆ[Krom pamai 1996a:68]‫ޕ‬ࠃ߁ߣߔࠆ㗔ၞౝߩ⑳ੱߩᮭ⋉ߦ㑐ߔࠆ⺞ᩏክ໧ߚߛߒ‫ߩߎޔ‬႐วߩ଻ోᣇᴺߣ޿߁ߩߪ‫ࠎߣ߶ޔ‬߇೨߽ߞߡⴕࠊࠇࠆߎߣߦߥߞߡ޿ߚ‫ޔߚ߹ޕ‬㗔ߤ ߇ 1914 ᐕ ࿾ ᣇ ⛔ ᴦ ᴺ 㧔 Praracha banyatၞࠍ␜ߔ⏕ታߥታ᷹࿾࿑߇ᔅⷐߣߐࠇ‫⃻ߟ߆ޔ‬႐

laksana pokkrhong thongthi pho so 2457㧕ߦ᜚ߦ߽ᜰቯߦవ┙ߞߡႺ⇇ᩇ߿ឝ␜᧼╬߇⸳⟎ߐࠇߞߡ޿ߚߣ⠨߃ࠄࠇ[Thiam 1971:237‫ޔ‬Sayamonߥ ߌ ࠇ ߫ ߥ ࠄ ߥ ߆ ߞ ߚ [Thiam 1971:239 ‫ޔ‬

1995:97]‫ޔ‬1938 ᐕ᫪ᨋ⛔ᴦ࡮଻ోᴺߩࠃ߁ߥ‫ޟ‬᫪

Khambanonda 1972:53]‫ޕ‬ᨋ࿾‫․ߦޠ‬ൻߒߚᴺߦଐ᜚ߔࠆ߽ߩߢߪߥ߆ߞߚ‫ޕ‬ᜰቯ߇ㅴ߹ߥ߆ߞߚੑὐ⋡ߩℂ↱ߪ‫߿⋵ޔ‬㇭ᒰౕ૕⊛ߦߪ‫ޔ‬ฦ࿾ߩ᫪ᨋቭ߇ߘࠇߙࠇߩ⋵⍮੐╬ዪߦᆔຬળߩߚ߼ߦఝవ⊛ߦᣣ⒟ࠍഀࠅᝄࠄߖࠆ

ߦଐ㗬ߒ‫ࠍ␜౏ޔ‬಴ߒߡ߽ࠄ߁ߣ޿߁ᣇᴺߛߞߚ

ࠃ߁ߥ‫ޔ‬ᒝജߥ࿖ኅ⊛᡽╷ᗧᕁ╬߽ߥ߆ߞߚ‫߹ޕ‬― 32 ―

࠲ࠗ⎇ⓥ NO.7 2007ߚ‫߽ߘ߽ߘޔ‬࿖࿯ߩߤࠇߊࠄ޿ࠍ‫ޟ‬᫪ᨋ࿾‫ߒߣޠ‬ో࡮଻⼔ߦะߌߡᴺⷙߩୃᱜ‫ޔ‬ᣂߚߥዉ౉╬ࠍ⻭ߡ଻ో࡮଻⼔ߔࠆߩ߆ߣ޿߁‫ޔ‬ቭ௥⚵❱㑆ߩ⺞ᢛߞߡ޿ߚὐߛ[www.nesdb.go.th/plan/data/plan1-

ߩᜰ㊎ߣߥࠆ᡽╷⋡ᮡߐ߃ሽ࿷ߒߡ޿ߥ߆ߞߚߣ

1]‫ޕ‬߽ߣ߽ߣ࿯࿾ಽ㘃ߣ޿߁᭎ᔨ⥄૕ߪ‫ޔ‬1954 ᐕߦ޿߁ὐߛ‫ޕ‬౏Ꮣߐࠇߚ࿯࿾ᴺߩਛߦ߽ⷙቯߐࠇߡ޿ߚ‫ߛߚޕ‬(3) ࠨ࡝࠶࠻‫ޟ‬㕟๮‫ޠ‬ਅߢߩ‫ޟ‬᫪ᨋ࿾‫ޠ‬ᜰቯ㑐ㅪߒ‫ޔ‬ዋߥߊߣ߽ 1960 ᐕ߹ߢߪ‫⃻߇ࠇߘޔ‬ታߦታⴕ ߐ ࠇ ࠆ ߎ ߣ ߪ ߥ ߆ ߞ ߚ [Khambanondaᴺߩᢛ஻೨਎♿ߦ⿠ߎߞߚ޿ߊߟ߆ߩᱧผ⊛ᄢ੐ઙߩ߁

1972:69,77]‫ޟޔࠅ߹ߟޕ‬᫪ᨋ࿾‫ࠍޠ‬฽߼‫ޔ‬ᄢⷙᮨߜ‫ߩࠗ࠲ࠆߔ᦭⃻ޔ‬㨬᫪ᨋ࿾㨭ᜰቯ೙ᐲߦߣߞߡᦨ

ߥ࿯࿾ಽ㘃߇ࠬ࠲࡯࠻ߔࠆߩߪ‫ޔ‬᣿ࠄ߆ߦࠨ࡝࠶

߽ᄢ߈ߥࠗࡦࡄࠢ࠻ࠍᜬߞߚߩߪ‫ߦࠄ࠻࠶࡝ࠨޔ‬࠻ߩ‫ޟ‬㕟๮‫ޠ‬‫ߩߘޔ‬ᓟߩ╙ 1 ᰴ⚻ᷣ㐿⊒⸘↹ߩ⿠⨲ࠃߞߡᢓⴕߐࠇߚ‫ޟ‬㕟๮‫ޕࠆ޽ߢ)࡯࠲࠺࡯ࠢ(ޠ‬ߣ޿߁ᵹࠇࠍฃߌߡߩߎߣߢ޽ߞߚ‫ޕ‬ታ㓙‫࡝ࠨޔ‬ߥߗߥࠄ‫⋥ߩߘޔ‬ᓟߦᢝ߆ࠇߚ᡽ᴦ૕೙ߩਅߢ‫ޔ‬

࠶࠻ߪ 1960 ᐕߦർㇱߣධㇱࠍᎼ࿁ߒߚ㓙ߦ‫ޔ‬᫪

1990 ᐕઍ߿⃻࿷ߦ߹ߢㅢߓࠆ‫ޟ‬᫪ᨋ࿾‫ޠ‬ᜰቯ㑐ㅪᨋ⎕უߩ⁁ᴫࠍ⋡ߩᒰߚࠅߦߒ‫⾗ޔ‬Ḯߩ⸘↹⊛ߥ

ᴺ߇߶߷ᢛ஻ߐࠇ‫ߪߦࠄߐޔ‬ታ㓙ߩ଻ోᨋ࿾ᜰቯ

೑↪ࠍᔨ㗡ߦ‫ޔ‬࿯࿾ಽ㘃੐ᬺߦߟ޿ߡ⸒෸ߒߚߣ

ߦ㑐ߒߡᄙᄢߥᓇ㗀ജࠍᜬߞߚ࿯࿾ಽ㘃੐ᬺ߇ᢿ

ߐࠇࠆ[Wathana 1971:7]‫ޕ‬ⴕߐࠇߚ߆ࠄߛ‫ޕ‬એਅߢߪ‫ޟߩ࠻࠶࡝ࠨޔ‬㕟๮‫ޠ‬

1960 ᐕ 4 ᦬‫ޔ‬ౝ㑑ߪౝോ⋭ߩឭ಴ߒߚ᩺ߦᴪߞ

ᓟ‫ޔ‬ᒝജߥ࿖ኅ⊛᡽╷ᗧᕁ߇␜ߐࠇ‫߇ࠇߘޔ‬ታ㓙ߡ‫ޔ‬࿯࿾ዪߩ߶߆‫ޔ‬᫪ᨋዪ߿ァߩઍ⴫╬߆ࠄߥࠆߦ࿯࿾ಽ㘃੐ᬺߩᢿⴕ߿‫ޟ‬᫪ᨋ࿾‫ޠ‬ᜰቯ㑐ㅪᴺߩ

࿯࿾ಽ㘃⺞ᩏᆔຬળߩ⸳⟎ࠍ⸵นߔࠆ‫ޔߡߒߘޕ‬ᢛ஻ߦ➁߇ߞߡ޿ߞߚᵹࠇߦߟ޿ߡㄡࠈ߁‫ߒߘޕ‬ߎߩਛᄩߩᆔຬળߩਅㇱᯏ㑐ߣߒߡ‫ޔ‬࿯࿾ಽ㘃⺞ߡ‫ⴕ⃻ޔ߈⛯ߦࠇߘޔ‬ᴺߩౝኈ⊛ⷐὐߦ㑐ߒߡ߽‫ޔ‬ᩏዊᆔຬળ߇ฦ⋵ߦߘࠇߙࠇ⸳⟎ߐࠇߚ‫ޕ‬ታ⾰⊛◲නߦ⺑᣿ߒߚ޿‫ޕ‬ߦߪߎߩዊᆔຬળߣ࿾ᣇⴕ᡽ᒰዪ߇⋵‫ޔ‬㇭࡟ࡌ࡞

1958 ᐕߩࠢ࡯࠺࠲࡯એᓟ‫ߡߞࠃߦࠄ࠻࠶࡝ࠨޔ‬ߢߩ᳿ቯᯏ㑐ߣߥߞߡ‫ౕޔ‬૕⊛ߦߤߎࠍ‫ޟ‬᫪ᨋ‫ޠ‬ᢝ߆ࠇߚ᡽ᴦ૕೙ߪ‫ޟߦ⥸৻ޔ‬㐿⊒૕೙‫޿ࠆ޽ޠ‬ߣߒߡ᳗ਭߦ଻ሽߒ‫ࠍߎߤޔ‬ዬ૑࿾‫ޔ‬ㄘ↪࿾ߣߔߪ‫ޟ‬㐿⊒⁛ⵙ‫ߣޠ‬๭߫ࠇߡ޿ࠆ[ᧃᑝ 2000:114-11

ࠆߩ߆߇ᬌ⸛ߐࠇߚ‫ޕ‬ฦ⋵ߢ᳿ቯߐࠇߚౝኈߪߘ

6]‫ߩߎޕ‬૕೙ਅߦ߅޿ߡ‫ޔ‬ᒰߩ㐿⊒ࠍ᛼ߒㅴ߼ࠆ

ߩᓟ‫ޔ‬ਛᄩߢ߹ߣ߼ࠄࠇ‫ߦ⊛⚳ᦨޔ‬ౝോ⋭߆ࠄౝߚ߼ߩᦨᄢߩᜰ㊎ߣߒߡ␜ߐࠇߚߩ߇‫ޔ‬‫⚻ޟ‬ᷣ㐿⊒㑑ߦ਄↳ߐࠇ‫ޔ‬㑑⼏ߢߩᛚ⹺ࠍᓧߚ[Annap n.d.a‫ޔ‬⸘↹‫ޕࠆ޽ߢޠ‬1959 ᐕߦ⸘↹┙᩺߇⌕ᚻߐࠇ‫ޔ‬ታ

n.d.b]‫ߩߢࠗ࠲ޕ‬࿯࿾ಽ㘃૞ᬺߪߎ߁ߒߚࡊࡠ࠮

㓙ߦߪ 1961 ᐕ߆ࠄࠬ࠲࡯࠻ߒߚߎߩ 6 ࡨᐕ⸘↹ࠬࠍ૗ᐲ߆⚻ߡㅴ߼ࠄࠇߚ߇‫ޟߡߞࠃߦࠇߘޔ‬᳗

߇ߎߎߢ㊀ⷐߥߩߪ‫ޟ߇ࠇߘޔ‬᫪ᨋ‫ߦޠ‬㑐ଥߔࠆਭ ᨋ ‫ ో ଻ ޟ ߪ ߊ ߒ ߽ ޠ‬Ḱ ஻ ᨋ (pa triamkan㗄⋡ࠍዋߥ߆ࠄߕ฽ࠎߢ޿ߚ߆ࠄߛ‫߽ߢ߆ߥޕ‬ᵈsaguan)‫߽ߣޠ‬๭߫ࠇࠆ‫ޔ‬‫ޟ‬࿖ኅߩ⽷↥ߣߒߡ଻ᜬ

⋡ߔߴ߈ߪ‫ޔ‬࿯࿾ಽ㘃੐ᬺࠍᦨఝవߢㅴ߼ࠆߴ߈

ߒߡ߅ߊ᫪ᨋ(pa thi ca raksa wai pen sombatߣߒߡ޿ߚߣߣ߽ߦ‫ޔ‬࿖࿯ߩ 50㧑ࠍ‫ޟ‬᫪ᨋ‫ߒߣޠ‬khong chat)‫ޔ߇ޠ‬࿖࿯ߩඨಽએ਄ࠍⷒ߁ᒻߢ࿾࿑

ߡ଻ోߔࠆᣦࠍ᣿⸥ߒߡ޿ߚὐߣ‫ޟޔ‬᫪ᨋ‫଻ߩޠ‬਄ߦᦠ߈ㄟ߹ࠇߚ‫ޕ‬― 33 ―

࠲ࠗߦ߅ߌࠆ‫ޟ‬᫪ᨋ࿾‫ޠ‬ౝㄘ࿾ᒻᚑ࡮⛽ᜬߩೋᦼ⊛ࡔࠞ࠾࠭ࡓ

ߣߎࠈߢ‫ޔ‬వߦ 1938 ᐕ᫪ᨋ⛔ᴦ࡮଻ోᴺߩਅ

ߦߒ‫⚿ߩߘޔ‬ᨐ‫ో଻ޔ‬ᨋߩᜰቯࠍᭂ߼ߡㄦㅦߦⴕ

ߢ଻ోᨋߩᜰቯ߇ߐ߶ߤㅴ߹ߥ߆ߞߚℂ↱ߣߒߡ‫ޔ‬ߥ߃ࠆࠃ߁ߦߒߚὐߢ޽ࠆ‫ޕ‬ੑߟ଀ࠍ᜼ߍࠆߣ‫ޔ‬ੑߟߩ໧㗴ὐࠍᜰ៰ߒߚ‫ޕ‬੐೨૞ᬺ࡮ᚻ⛯߈ߩᾘ߆ߟߡߪ੐೨ታᣉ߇⟵ോߠߌࠄࠇߡ޿ߚ‫ޔ‬ᜰቯߒ㔀ߐߣ‫ޔ‬࿖ኅ⊛᡽╷ᗧᕁ࡮⋡ᮡߩਇ࿷ߢ޽ࠆ‫ߎޕ‬ࠃ߁ߣߔࠆ㗔ၞౝߦ޽ࠆᣢሽㄘ࿾╬ߦ㑐ࠊࠆᮭ೑ߩ߁ߜ‫ߦ․ޔ‬ੑ⇟⋡ߦ᜼ߍߚⷐ࿃ߪ‫ޔ‬એ਄ߩࠃ߁

⺞ᢛ߇‫ޔ‬ᡷᱜࠍᯏߦᜰቯᓟߢน⢻ߣߥߞߚ‫ޔߚ߹ޕ‬ߥᵹࠇߩਛߢ߶߷ቢోߦ⸃ᶖߐࠇߚ‫ࠇߘޔߚ߹ޕ‬᧦ᢥ߇ㇱಽ⊛ߦᦠ߈឵߃ࠄࠇߚߎߣߦࠃࠅ‫ޔ‬‫ో଻ޟ‬ߩߺߥࠄߕ‫଻ޔ‬ᜬߐࠇࠆߴ߈‫ޟ‬᫪ᨋ‫৻߷߶߇ޠ‬᜼ᨋ‫ޠ‬඙ၞߩ๔␜ߦᒰߚߞߡ೨߽ߞߡឝ␜ߒߥߌࠇ

ߦ․ቯߐࠇߚߎߣߢ‫ᦨޔ‬ೋߩⷐ࿃ߩ৻ㇱߐ߃߽⸃߫ߥࠄߥ޿࿾࿑╬߽‫ߥߊࠃߢߩ߽ߥ⚛◲ߣߞߕޔ‬ᶖߐࠇߚߣ⷗ࠆߎߣ߽น⢻ߛ‫ޔ᧪ᧄޕ‬ฦⴕ᡽⚵❱ߞߚ‫ޔࠅ߹ߟޕ‬એ೨ߩࠃ߁ߦ‫ޔ‬ᱜ⏕ߥ᷹㊂ߦ߽ߣߩᣣᏱᬺോߩว㑆ࠍ❔ߞߡ⸳ቯߐࠇߚᆔຬળߩ႐

ߠߊ߽ߩߢ޽ࠆᔅⷐߪ‫ޔ‬ᔅߕߒ߽ߥߊߥߞߚ

ߢ‫ߣߞ߿ޔ‬วᗧߔࠆ߆ߤ߁߆ߣ޿߁‫ޟ‬᫪ᨋ࿾‫ޠ‬ㆬ

[Thiam 1971:239-241‫ޔ‬Pradit n.d.:36-38]‫ޕ‬ቯߩ૞ᬺ߇‫ޔ‬‫ޟ‬㕟๮‫ޠ‬᡽ᐭߩภ઎৻ਅ‫৻ޔ‬᳇ߦ᛼ߒ߹ߚ‫ ߥ߁ࠃߩߎޔ‬1964 ᐕ࿖᦭଻ోᨋᴺએᄖߦ

ㅴ߼ࠄࠇ‫⚿ߩߘޔ‬ᨐ‫ޔ‬ᜰቯో૕ߦⷐߔࠆᤨ㑆߽⏕߽‫ޔᦼᤨߩߎޔ‬1960 ᐕ㊁↢േ‛଻ో࡮଻ሽᴺߣ

ታߦ⍴❗ߐࠇߚߣ⷗ࠆߎߣ߽น⢻ߛ߆ࠄߛ‫ޕ‬

1961 ᐕ࿖┙౏࿦ᴺߣ޿߁ੑߟߩ㨬᫪ᨋ࿾㨭ᜰቯ㑐ߚߛߒ‫ޔ‬࿯࿾ಽ㘃ߩᢿⴕߦࠃߞߡ⸃ᶖߐࠇߚᦨ

ㅪᴺ߇‫ޔ‬ᣂߚߦዉ౉ߐࠇߚ‫ޕ‬ᰴ㗄ߢౕ૕⊛ߦㅀߴೋߩⷐ࿃(੐೨૞ᬺ࡮ᚻ⛯߈ߩᾘ㔀ߐ)ߣߪ‫ߊ޽ޔ‬ࠆ߇‫ޔ‬࿖᦭଻ోᨋ(ၞ)ߩ႐ว‫ޔ‬1964 ᐕߩ࿖᦭଻ో

߹ߢ߽৻ㇱ(੐೨૞ᬺߩߺ)ߢ޽ࠅ‫ޔ‬ᔅߕߒ߽ోߡ

ᨋᴺ౏Ꮣᓟ‫ߩߘޔ‬ᜰቯ߇৻᜼ߦടㅦߒߡ޿ߞߚ‫ޕ‬ߢߪߥ߆ߞߚ‫ޔ߽ߩ߁޿ߣޕ‬1938 ᐕᴺߦⷙቯߐࠇ

ઁᣇ‫ޔ‬㊁↢േ‛଻⼔඙߿࿖┙౏࿦ߥߤߩ଻⼔ᨋߡ޿ߚ‫ߩੱ⑳ޔ‬ᮭ⋉ߦ㑐ߔࠆ⺞ᩏክ໧ߣ޿߁੐೨(ၞ)ߩ႐ว‫ߩߘޔ‬ᜰቯ߇ᧄᩰ⊛ߦㅴߺᆎ߼ࠆߩߪ‫ޔ‬ᚻ⛯߈ߩᣇߪ‫ޔ‬೎Ბᄌࠊࠆߎߣ߽ߥߊ‫߹߹ߩߘޔ‬߽߁ዋߒᓟߩߎߣߢ޽ߞߚ‫ޔߒ߆ߒޕ‬ዋߥߊߣ߽

᦭ലߛߞߚ߆ࠄߛ‫߃ߣߚޔ߫ࠇߔߣޕ‬࿖࿯ߩඨಽ

ᴺᓞ਄ߪ‫ ߩߎޔ‬1960 ᐕઍೋ߼ߩᤨᦼࠍએߞߡ‫ޔ‬߇㑑⼏᳿ቯߦࠃߞߡ‫ޟ‬᳗ਭᨋ‫ޠ‬ᜰቯߐࠇߚᓟߢ߽‫ޔ‬

߶߷ 1990 ᐕઍߩ᭴ᚑߦ߽Ḱߕࠆ‫ޔ‬࿯࿾ߏߣ‫ޟ‬᫪ߘࠇࠄࠍᴺ⊛᜔᧤ജࠍᜬߟ‫ో଻ޟ‬ᨋ‫ߣ߳ޠ‬ಾࠅᦧᨋ(࿾)‫ࠆߔ⼔଻࡮ో଻ࠍޠ‬ᴺ૕♽߇ᢛ஻ߐࠇߚߎ

߃ߡ޿ߊߦߪ‫ᤨߩࠅߥ߆ߛᧂޔ‬㑆ࠍⷐߔࠆߎߣ߽

ߣߦߥߞߚ‫ޕ‬੍ᗐߐࠇߚ‫ߛߚޕ‬หᤨߦ‫ߢߎߎޔ‬ᵈ⋡ߔߴ߈ߪ‫ޔ‬╙ 1 ᰴ⚻ᷣ㐿⊒⸘↹ౝߦߪ㑐ㅪᴺⷙߩୃᱜ‫ߒ߽ޔ‬(4) ⃻ⴕ‫ޟ‬᫪ᨋ࿾‫ޠ‬ᜰቯᴺߩ᭎ⷐ
ᒁ䈐⛯䈐䇮䈖䈉䈚䈢ᜰቯᴺ䈱᭎ⷐ䉇䈠䈱㊀ⷐὐ䈮㑐ߊߪᣂߚߥዉ౉╬ߣ޿ߞߚߎߣ߽⻭ࠊࠇߡ޿ߚὐ

䈚䈩䉅䇮◲න䈮⸅䉏䈩䈍䈖䈉䇯⴫-1 䈲䇮䉺䉟䈱ਥⷐ䈭ߢ޽ࠆ‫ޕ‬
1964 ᐕ‫ޔ‬᡽ᐭ࡮᫪ᨋዪߪ‫ ߩߢ߹ࠇߘޔ‬1938 ᐕ᫪ᨋ⛔ᴦ࡮଻ోᴺߦઍ߃ߡ‫ޔ‬ᣂߚߦ 1964 ᐕ࿖᦭䇸᫪ᨋ࿾䇹ᜰቯ㗔ၞ䈮㑐䈜䉎ฦᩮ᜚ᴺ䈱ⷙቯ⊛䈭․ᓽ䈮䈧䈇䈩䇮․䈮ᧄ⺰䈪໧㗴䈫䈚䈩䈇䉎ㇱಽ䈮⊛䉕⛉䉍䇮䉁䈫䉄䈢䉅䈱䈪䈅䉎䇯㩷

଻ోᨋᴺࠍ౏Ꮣߒߚ‫ߩߎޕ‬ᴺᡷᱜߦ઻߁ᦨᄢߩࡐ
ࠗࡦ࠻ߪ‫ᤨߚ޿ߡࠇߐߣ߈ߴ߁ߥⴕ߼੍ޔ‬㑆ߩដ߹ߕ‫⴫ޔ‬㪄㪈 ߢ⏕⹺ߔߴ߈ߎߣߪ‫⸵ޟޔ‬นߦࠃࠅน⢻ߥ੐‫ޔߚߒ⸥ߣޠ‬ฦ‫ޟ‬᫪ᨋ࿾‫ޠ‬㗔ၞߩ೑↪ߦ߆ࠆᚻ⛯߈߿૞ᬺࠍᄢ᏷ߦ◲⇛ൻ޽ࠆ޿ߪᓟᑫߒ

― 34 ―

࠲ࠗ⎇ⓥ NO.7 2007

㑐ࠊࠆ․ᓽߢ޽ࠆ‫ᦠߦߎߘޔ߫߃⸒ߢߣߎߣ߭ޕ‬ߪర᧪⚻ᷣ⾗Ḯߩല₸⊛ߥណขߩߚ߼ߦ଻ోߐࠇ

߈ㄟࠎߛࠃ߁ߥⷙቯߩ᦭ή߇‫ో଻ޟࠍࠇߙࠇߘޔ‬ࠆ႐ᚲߛߞߚߣ⸒߃ࠆ‫ߦࠇߎޕ‬ኻߒ‫ޔ‬࿖┙౏࿦߿ᨋ‫⼔଻ޟ߆ࠆߔߣޠ‬ᨋ‫ߩ߆ࠆߔߣޠ‬ᴺ⊛ߥᩮ᜚ߣ㊁↢േ‛଻⼔඙ߩᣇߪ‫⚻ߥ߁ࠃߩߘޔ‬ᷣ⾗Ḯߩណߥߞߚ‫ޕ‬࿖᦭଻ోᨋߩ႐ว‫ᦨޔ‬ೋ߆ࠄߘߩ㗔ၞౝขࠍ೨ឭߣߒߡ߅ࠄߕ‫⾗ߚߒ߁ߘޔ‬Ḯ߽฽߼ߡ㗔ߢߩᧁ᧚╬ߩ⾗Ḯណข߇น⢻ߢ޽ࠅ‫ߩߘޔ‬ᗧ๧ߢၞࠍ߹ࠆߏߣ଻⼔ߒࠃ߁ߣߒߡ޿ߚ‫ޕ‬㩷⴫㪄㪈㩷 䉺䉟䈪䈱ਥ䈭䇸᫪ᨋ࿾䇹ᜰቯ㗔ၞ㩿ᦨ਄Ბㇱ㪀䈫ฦ㗔ၞ䈱ᴺⷙቯ⊛䈭․ᓽ㩷
࿖᦭଻ోᨋ

࿖┙౏࿦

㊁↢േ‛଻⼔඙⸳⟎⋡⊛䊶᫪ᨋ⁁ᘒ䇮ᨋ↥‛䇮ઁ䈱⥄ὼ⾗Ḯ䉕଻⼔䈜䉎㩿㪍᧦㪀䇯䊶ర䈱⥄ὼ⁁ᘒ䈪⛽ᜬ䈚䇮࿖᳃䈱䊥䉪䊥䉣䊷䉲䊢䊮䉇⎇ⓥᵴേ䈮ᓎ┙䈧䉋䈉଻ో䈚䈩䈍䈒䋨㪍᧦䋩䇯

䊶⒳䈱଻⼔䈱䈢䉄䈮䇮㊁↢േ‛䈮቟ో䈭ዬ૑࿾䉕ଏਈ䈜䉎䋨㪈㪎
᧦䋩䇯

㗔ၞౝ䈪
䈱ේೣ

䊶⸵น䈅䉎႐ว䉕㒰䈐䇮࿯࿾䈱ᚲ᦭䊶භ᦭䇮᫪ᨋ䈱㐿ნ䇮Ἣ౉䉏䇮બណ╬䇮㗔ၞ䉕⨹䉌䈜ᅤ૗䈭䉎ⴕὑ䉅⑌ᱛ㩿㪈㪋᧦㪀䇯䊶એਅ䈱⑌ᱛ䋺࿯࿾භ᦭䊶ᚲ᦭䇮㐿ნ䇮Ἣ౉䉏䇯᮸ᧁ䇮ᨋ↥‛╬䉕⨹ᑄ䈘䈞䉎ⴕὑ䇯േ‛䈱ᜬ䈤಴䈚䇮ෂ㒾䈮ᤴ䈜䈖䈫䇯࿯䊶⍹䊶⍾⁁ᘒ䉕⨹ᑄ䈘䈞䉎ⴕὑ╬㩿㪈㪍᧦㪀䇯䊶⁚⁸䊶ណ㓸䇮ଚ౉䇮࿯࿾භ᦭䊶ᚲ᦭䈱⑌ᱛ䇯᫪ᨋ䉇ᬀ‛䈱બណ䊶⎕უ䇮㋕䊶࿯䊶⍹ណข䇮᡼’╬䈱⑌ᱛ䋨㪉㪉䌾㪉㪋᧦䋩䇯

⸵น䈮䉋䉍
น⢻䈭੐

䊶᫪ᨋબណ䇮ᨋ↥‛ណข㪲⑌೙ᧁ䉕฽䉃㪴䋨㪈㪋᧦䋩䇯䊶㋕㋶ᬺ䇮㒻࿯ណขᬺ䇮⎈⍹ᬺ䋨㪈㪍᧦㪀䇯

䋪․䈮⸥タ䈘䉏䈩䈍䉌䈝䇯䊶⎇ⓥ⋡⊛䈪䈱ଚ౉䇮᝝₪䇮ណ㓸䋨㪉㪉䇮㪉㪊᧦䋩䇯䊶⎇ⓥ䉇▤ℂ䈮઻䈉৻ㇱ䈱ᡷᄌⴕὑ㩿㪐㪉ᐕᴺ㪊㪏᧦㪀䇯

䈠䈱ઁ䈱
㊀ⷐ੐㗄

䊶ో䈩㪆৻ㇱ䉕⨹ᑄᨋၞ䈫䈚䇮ㄘ↪
ዬ૑㪲㪉㪇䊤䉟ᧂḩ䇮㪌䌾㪊㪇ᐕ㪴䇮ᬀᨋ㪲㪊㪌䊤䉟ᧂḩ㪴䉕⸵น䇯ૉ䈚䇮࿯
࿾ᴺ♽࿾೛䈫䈲䈞䈝䋨㪏㪌ᐕ╙ਃ㪈㪍᧦䇮ห㪈㪍᧦ઃᏪ㗄䋩䇯䊶ห౏࿦䈫䈚䈢࿯࿾䈲䇮౏౒⚵❱૕䈪䈲䈭䈇䇮ᅤ૗䈭䉎୘ੱ䈱ว
ᴺ⊛䈭ᚲ᦭䇮භ᦭䈏ሽ࿷䈚䈭䈇࿯࿾䈪䈭䈔䉏䈳䈭䉌䈭䈇䋨㪍᧦䋩䇯䊶ห඙䈫䈚䈢࿯࿾䈲䇮౏౒⚵❱૕䈪䈲䈭䈇䇮ᅤ૗䈭䉎୘ੱ䈱วᴺ⊛䈭ᚲ᦭䇮භ᦭䈏ሽ࿷䈚䈭䈇࿯࿾䈪䈭䈔䉏䈳䈭䉌䈭䈇䋨㪈㪎᧦䋩䇯ᵈ⸥䋺ේೣ䇮㪍㪇ᐕઍᒰᤨ䈱ฦೋ 䈱ⷙቯౝኈ䈮䉅䈫䈨䈒䇯ૉ䈚䇮৻ㇱ䈱䇮ᓟ䈮㊀ⷐ䈭ⷙቯ╬䈏ઃട䈘䉏䈢䉅䈱䈮㑐䈚䈩䈲䇮ฬ䇮᧦⇟ภ䈫䈫䉅䈮䈠䉏䉅タ䈞䈢䇯䉁䈢䇮⴫ਛ䇮Ꮐ஥䈱ฦᢛℂ㗄⋡䈲䇮ฦᴺౝ䈮䈠䈉䈚䈢㗄䈏䈅䉎⸶䈪䈲䈭䈒䇮╩⠪䈏ൎᚻ䈮⸳䈔䇮ห᭽䈮╩⠪䈱್ᢿ䈪ᦠ䈐಴䈚䈢䇯಴ᚲ䋺㪚㪸㫅㫐㪸㪲㪈㪐㪎㪎㪴䇮㪲㪉㪇㪇㪇㪴䉕䉅䈫䈮૞ᚑ䇯ᰴߦ‫⴫ޔ‬-1 ߢᒝ⺞ߒߡ߅߈ߚ޿ߩߪ‫ઁߩߘޟޔ‬޽߹ࠅߦ߽ታᘒߣਵ㔌ߔࠆ⁁ᘒߣߥࠅ‫ޔ‬᡽╷⊛ߦߩ㊀ⷐ੐㗄‫ߩޠ‬࿖᦭଻ోᨋㇱಽߩ⸥ㅀߢ޽ࠆ‫ߘޕ‬ߘߩࠃ߁ߥ੐ᘒߦኻಣߔࠆᔅⷐߦㄼࠄࠇ‫ߚ߹ޔ‬ታߎߦ⨹ᑄᨋၞౝߢߩㄘ↪࡮ዬ૑߽น⢻ߣᦠ޿ߚ߇‫ޔ‬㓙ߦ߽ኻಣߒߡ޿ߞߚ⚿ᨐ‫ޔ‬ᣂߚߥ᧦ᢥߩᦠ߈⿷

ߘ߁ߒߚ᧦ᢥ߇᣿ᢥߣߒߡታ㓙ߦᦠ߈ട߃ࠄࠇߚ

ߒ߇ߥߐࠇߚߣ⸃㉼ߢ߈ࠆߩߢ޽ࠆ‫ޕ‬㩷ߩߪ‫ޔ‬1980 ᐕઍඨ߫ߩߎߣߢ޽ࠆ‫ޕ‬࿖᦭଻ోᨋᴺ

߽ߣ߽ߣ 1964 ᐕ࿖᦭଻ోᨋᴺ╙ 16 ᧦ߪ‫ޔ‬᫪ᨋ߇ዉ౉ߐࠇߚ 1960 ᐕઍᒰೋ߆ࠄ‫ޔ‬બណ߿㋕㋶⍹ዪ 㐳 ቭ ߦ ኻ ߒ ߡ ଻ ో ᨋ ౝ ߢ ߩ ‫( ߥ ⊛ ᤨ ৻ ޟ‬penណข╬ࠍ⹺߼ࠆᣦ㩿Ꮐ⸥ߩ⋡⊛ߩߚ߼ߩዬ૑ࠍ฽

kanchuakhrao)‫࡮⋉↪ޠ‬ዬ૑ߥࠄ‫ޔ‬ᅤ૗ߥࠆ୘ੱ߻㪀㩷 ߪߔߢߦᦠ߈ㄟ߹ࠇߡ޿ߚ߇‫ޔ‬ㄘ↪࡮ዬ૑ࠍߦ߽⸵นߔࠆᮭ㒢ࠍਈ߃ߡ޿ߚ㪲Canya 1977:448㪴‫ޕ‬ౕ૕⊛ߦ⸵ߔᣦߪᧂߛ᣿⏕ߥᒻߢߪᦠ߆ࠇߡ޿ߥ

ߚߛߒ‫ޔ‬ㄘ↪ߣߘࠇߦ઻߁ዬ૑ߦ㒢ߞߡ⸒߃߫‫ޔ‬߆ߞߚ‫ޕ‬ㅒߦ⸒߃߫‫ ߣ߽ߣ߽ޔ‬1964 ᐕ࿖᦭଻ో

߿ߪࠅߘࠇߪේೣߣߒߡᢥሼㅢࠅ‫߽ޠߥ⊛ᤨ৻ޟ‬

ᨋᴺߦ߅޿ߡ߽‫৻ޔ‬ㇱߩ⚻ᷣ⾗Ḯߩណข߿ណជࠍ

ߩࠍኻ⽎ߦߒߡ޿ߚߣ⠨߃ࠄࠇࠆ‫ߩߘޕ‬ᩮ᜚ߩ৻⋡⊛ߣߔࠆ႐วࠍ㒰߈‫ޔ‬ၮᧄ⊛ߦߪ‫ޟ‬᫪ᨋ࿾‫ߩޠ‬ߟߪ‫ޔ‬ᰴ‫ߢ▵ޘ‬ዷ㐿ߔࠆౝኈߩਛߦ޽ࠆ߇‫ߣߚޔ‬ឃઁ⊛ߥ▤ℂ߇ᜰะߐࠇߡ޿ߚ‫߇ࠇߘޔߒ߆ߒޕ‬߃߫ઁߦ߽‫ޔ‬࿖᦭଻ోᨋౝߢߩ↪⋉↳⺧ߦኻߒߡ‫ޔ‬― 35 ―

࠲ࠗߦ߅ߌࠆ‫ޟ‬᫪ᨋ࿾‫ޠ‬ౝㄘ࿾ᒻᚑ࡮⛽ᜬߩೋᦼ⊛ࡔࠞ࠾࠭ࡓ

࿖߇ᓽ෼ߔࠆ‫ޟ‬ᢱ㊄㩿kha thamniam㪀‫ޟ߿ޠ‬੐ᬺ⒢㩿kha phakluang㪀‫ߩޠ‬㗵╬ࠍቯ߼ߚ৻ㅪߩ⋭઎߇޽೨▵ߢ‫ߡ޿߅ߦࠗ࠲ޔ‬ਥⷐߥ㨬᫪ᨋ࿾㨭߇ߤߩࠃࠆ‫ޕ‬1982 ᐕߦ౏Ꮣߐࠇߚㄘᬺ࡮දห⚵ว⋭઎ߪ‫ޔ‬߁ߥᤨ㑆⊛⚻✲ߢᜰቯߐࠇߚߩ߆‫◲ޔ‬නߦ⸅ࠇߚ‫ޕ‬‫ޟ‬ㄘᬺ‫ߦ⇵▸߁޿ߣޠ‬ኻߔࠆᢱ㊄ࠍቯ߼ߡ޿ߚ‫ޕ‬ߎߎߢߪߘࠇߦ㑐ߒߡౕ૕⊛ߥ⾗ᢱࠍ␜ߒߡ߅߈

ߒ߆ߒ‫ޔ‬1972 ᐕᤨߩห⒳⋭઎ߦߪ‫ߣޠ⋉↪ߩઁޟ‬ߚ޿‫ޔߚ߹ޕ‬‫ޟ‬᫪ᨋ࿾‫ߩޠ‬ᜰቯߦ઻޿‫ޔ‬ታ㓙ߦߤࠇ޿߁▸⇵ߪ޽ࠆ߽ߩߩ‫ޔ‬‫ޟ‬ㄘᬺ‫߆ߥߪߩ߽߁޿ߣޠ‬ߛߌߩ‫ޟ‬᫪ᨋ࿾‫ޠ‬ౝㄘ࿾╬߇ᒻᚑߐࠇߡ޿ߚߩ߆‫ޔ‬ߞߚ‫ ߦࠄߐޕ‬1965 ᐕᤨߩ⋭઎߹ߢ㆚ࠆߣ‫ޔ‬1972ห᭽ߦ⏕⹺ߒߚ޿‫ޕ‬࿑-2 ߪ‫ޔ‬1958 ᐕએ㒠‫ߢࠗ࠲ޔ‬ᐕߦ޽ߞߚ‫ࠄߔ⇵▸߁޿ߣޠ⋉↪ߩઁޟ‬ሽ࿷ߒߡߤ߁޿ߞߚផ⒖ࠍ⚻ߥ߇ࠄਥⷐߥ‫ޟ‬᫪ᨋ࿾‫ޠ‬㗔ၞ޿ߥ߆ߞߚ㪲Kong catkan thidin pa saguan heng߇ᜰቯߐࠇߡ޿ߞߚߩ߆‫ߪߦࠄߐޔ‬หᦼ㑆ౝߦⴕchat n.d.:㪋㪍㪄㪌㪉㪴‫ޕ‬㩷ߥࠊࠇߡ޿ߚ‫ޟ‬᫪ᨋ࿾‫ޠ‬ౝㄘ࿾╬ߦ㑐ߔࠆ‫ޔ‬ਥߥታᘒ⺞ᩏߩታᣉ߽ߒߊߪߘߩ౏⴫ᤨᦼ(Ԙ㨪Ԝ)╬

3. ⃻ⴕᴺߦ߽ߣߠߊ‫ޟ‬᫪ᨋ࿾‫ޠ‬ᜰቯߩዷ㐿ࠍ␜ߒߚ߽ߩߢ޽ࠆ‫ޕ‬ߣ‫ޟ‬᫪ᨋ࿾‫ޠ‬ᜰቯ࿾ౝㄘ࿾ߩᘒ᭽

߹ߕ‫ޔ‬࿯࿾ಽ㘃੐ᬺߩ੍▚ᦼ㑆ߪ 1966 ᐕᐲ߹㩷 ࿑㪄㪉㩷 䇸᫪ᨋ࿾䇹ᜰቯ㗔ၞ䈱ផ⒖䈫䇸᫪ᨋ࿾䇹ౝㄘ࿾╬䈮㑐䈜䉎ਥ䈭ታᘒ⺞ᩏ䈱ታᣉ䊶౏⴫ᤨᦼ㩿㽲䌾㽶㪀㩷

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㊁↢േ‛଻⼔඙ߩᜰቯࡍ࡯ࠬߪ߆ߥࠅࠁߞߊࠅߣ

ߢߩ✢ᒁ߈૞ᬺߪ߶߷⚳ࠊߞߡ޿ߚ‫ޕ‬ᰴߦ‫ޔ‬వㅀߒߚ߽ߩߛߞߚ߇‫ ߽ߢࠇߘޔ‬1970 ᐕઍએ㒠‫⌕ޔ‬ߒߚࠃ߁ߦ‫ޔ‬1964 ᐕߩᤨὐߢߪ‫଻ࠆߌ߅ߦࠗ࠲ޔ‬ታߦߘߩ㗔ၞࠍ᜛ᄢߒ‫ޔ‬1990 ᐕઍᧃߩᤨὐߢ࿖࿯

ోᨋᜰቯ㕙Ⓧߪ࿖࿯ߩ 6㧑ߦㆊ߉ߥ߆ߞߚ‫߆ߒޕ‬ߩ 15㧑ㄭߊߦ߹ߢߥߞߚ(࿑-2)‫ޕ‬ߒ‫ ⚂߇ࠇߘޔ‬10 ᐕᓟߩ 1975 ᐕߦߪࠁ߁ߦ 30㧑ߢߪ‫ߦ߁ࠃߩߎޔ‬ㅴ߼ࠄࠇߡ޿ߚ㨬᫪ᨋ࿾㨭ᜰቯࠍ⿥߃‫ޔ‬20 ᐕᓟߩ 1980 ᐕઍඨ߫ߦߪ 40㧑⿥ߦ߹ߩਅߢ‫ޟߩ޿ࠄߊࠇߤ޿ߚߞ޿ޔ‬᫪ᨋ࿾‫ޠ‬ౝㄘ࿾ߢ㆐ߒߚ‫ᦨޕ‬ᓟߦ‫ߦࠇߎޔ‬Ყߴࠆߣ‫ޔ‬࿖┙౏࿦߿ߣ๭ߴࠆ࿯࿾߇ᒻᚑߐࠇߡ޿ߚߩ߆‫޿߅ߦࠗ࠲ޕ‬― 36 ―

࠲ࠗ⎇ⓥ NO.7 2007ߡߎߩᚻߩ⺞ᩏߪ‫ޔ‬ታߪ߆ߥࠅᣧߊ߆ࠄⴕߥࠊࠇ

߅ࠃ߮ㄘ↪⁁ᴫߦ㑐ߔࠆታᘒ⺞ᩏߩ⚿ᨐࠍ‫╩ޔ‬⠪ߡ߅ࠅ‫ޔ߽ߢߌߛߚ߈ߢ⹺⏕ޔ‬1964 ᐕ࿖᦭଻ోᨋ

߇ᢛℂߒߡ␜ߒߚ߽ߩߢ޽ࠆ‫ޕ‬࿖᦭଻ోᨋߣ࿖┙ᴺ౏Ꮣ߆ࠄ 10 ᐕએౝߦߔߢߦੑ࿁ታᣉߐࠇߡ޿

౏࿦߇㊀ⶄߒߡ⸥タߐࠇߡ޿ࠆߥߤ‫ߊߦࠅ߆ࠊޔ‬ߚ‫ޔߒߛߚޕ‬ೋᦼߩߎ߁ߒߚ⺞ᩏߪ‫ߩ߽޿ߒ⹦ޔ‬޿ㇱಽ߽޽ࠆ߇‫ޟ߽ߢࠇߘޔ‬᫪ᨋ࿾‫ޠ‬ౝߦ 110 ਁߛߞߚߣߪ޿߃‫ޔ‬㕙Ⓧ⊛ߦ㒢ቯߐࠇ(࿑-2 ਛ‫ޔ‬Ԙ)‫ޔ‬

ᚭ 500 ਁੱએ਄߇ዬ૑ߒ‫ޔ‬150 ਁࡨᚲ 310 ਁ࡜ࠗో࿖ߦ෸ࠎߛ߇‫ޔ‬ኻ⽎߇࿖᦭଻ోᨋၞౝߩ⥄Ꮖ↳૛ࠅߩㄘ࿾߇᜛߇ߞߡ޿ߚߎߣ߇⷗ߡขࠇࠆ‫ޕ‬๔⠪ࠍਛᔃߣߔࠆ߽ߩߛߞߚ(࿑-2 ਛ‫ޔ‬ԙ)‫޿ߣޔ‬⴫-3 ߪ‫ޔ‬᫪ᨋዪ೽㐳ቭߛߞߚੱ‛(ᒰᤨ)߇ 1995߁໧㗴ὐ߽฽ࠎߢ޿ߚ 5㧕‫޿ߛߪߢߎߎޔߢߎߘޕ‬ᐕߦ₺࿖㒐ⴡࠞ࡟࠶ࠫߦႎ๔ߒߡ޿ߚᢙ୯ࠍ‫╩ޔ‬߱ᓟߩ߽ߩߦߥࠆ߇‫ޔ‬Ԛ㨪Ԝߩᤨᦼߦታᣉ߽ߒߊ

⠪߇߹ߣ߼ߚ߽ߩߢ޽ࠆ‫ޕ‬‫ޟ‬࿖┙౏࿦‫▎ޠ‬ᚲߩਛㇱߪ౏⴫ߐࠇߚ⺞ᩏߦ㑐ߒߡߩߺ‫ౕޔ‬૕⊛ߥᒻߢ㗅࿾ᣇߩ✚↪⋉਎Ꮺᢙ߇⓭಴ߒߡ㜞޿‫ޔ‬᳓Ḯᨋၞߣߦ⸒෸ߔࠆߎߣߦߒߚ޿‫ޕ‬ઁߩ଻⼔ᨋၞߪታ㓙ߦߪዋߥ߆ࠄߕ㊀ⶄᜰቯߐࠇ

⴫-2 ߪ‫ޔ‬ౝോ⋭߇ 1990 ᐕߩ㑑⼏ᛚ⹺ߦ߽ߣߠ

ߡ޿ࠆ‫ߚߞ޿ߣޔ‬໧㗴ὐ߽ᜰ៰ߢ߈ࠆ‫ߘޔߛߚޕ‬߈ታᣉߒߚ‫ోࠗ࠲ޔ‬࿖ߦ߅ߌࠆ‫ޟ‬᫪ᨋ࿾‫ޠ‬ౝዬ૑߁ߒߚὐࠍ⠨ᘦߒߚߣߒߡ߽‫ޔ‬ᢙਁ߆ࠄචᢙਁߦ

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ᵈ⸥䋺䊶㪈㪐㪐㪇ᐕ䈱ౝ㑑᳿⼏䈮䉋䉍⌕ᚻ䈘䉏䈢ౝോ⋭⺞ᩏ䈮䉅䈫䈨䈒䈫䈘䉏䉎䇯䊶ᧄ᧪䇮଻ోᨋ䈫࿖┙౏࿦䈱⸥ㅀ䈲೎䇱䈮䈜䈼䈐䈫⠨䈋䉏䉎䈏䇮䉅䈫⾗ᢱ䈏ਔ⠪ว⸘䈚䈎タ䈞䈩䈇䈭䈎䈦䈢䈱䈪䇮䉇䉃䈭䈒䈠䈱୯䈫䈚䈢䇯䊶⴫ਛ䇮ฦ࿾䈱୯䈲䇸଻ోᨋ䊶࿖┙౏࿦䇹䋫䇸᳗ਭᨋ䇹䈱䉅䈱䈫⠨䈋䉌䉏䉎䇯䊶ో࿖ว⸘䈫ฦ࿾⸘䉕ోㇱ⿷䈚䈢୯䈏৻⥌䈚䈭䈇䈏䇮䈖䈖䈪䈲䈠䈱䉁䉁䈫䈚䈢䇯ૉ䈚䇮ฦ࿾⸘䉕ฦ⋵䈱୯䈎䉌▚಴䈜䉎㓙䈮䇮৻ㇱ䇮䈅䈐䉌䈎䈮䈍䈎䈚䈭ᢙ୯䈏䈅䈦䈢䈱䈪䇮䈠䈉䈚䈢ಽ䈲㒰䈇䈩⸘▚䈚䈢䇯಴ᚲ䋺㪢㫉㫆㫄㩷㫋㪿㫀㪻㫀㫅㩷䌛㪈㪐㪐㪊㪴䉕䉅䈫䈮૞ᚑ䇯⴫㪄㪊㩷㪈㪐㪐㪇 ᐕઍඨ䈳ᤨὐ䈪䈱᫪ᨋዪ೽㐳ቭ䈱ႎ๔䈮䉅䈫䈨䈒଻⼔ᨋၞౝ䈱↪⋉਎Ꮺᢙ╬㩷
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ᵈ⸥䋺ฦ଻⼔ᨋၞ䈱✚㕙Ⓧ୯䈲䈠䉏䈡䉏ජ䊤䉟䇯಴ᚲ䋺㪮㪸㫋㪿㪸㫅㪸㩷㪲㪈㪐㪐㪌㪴䈮䉅䈫䈨䈒䇯― 37 ―

㪉㪍㩷㪋㪇㪈

࠲ࠗߦ߅ߌࠆ‫ޟ‬᫪ᨋ࿾‫ޠ‬ౝㄘ࿾ᒻᚑ࡮⛽ᜬߩೋᦼ⊛ࡔࠞ࠾࠭ࡓ

⴫㪄㪋㩷㪈㪐㪏㪇 ᐕઍ䈮଻ోᨋᜰቯ೨౉ᬀ䈫䈘䉏䇮ᜰቯ⸃㒰䉕੍ቯ䈘䉏䈢࿖᦭଻ోᨋၞ䈱᭎ⷐ㩷࿖᦭଻ోᨋว⸘

ᜰቯ⸃㒰੍ቯ㊀ⶄၞᜰቯᢙ㩿ᨋ㪀 㕙Ⓧ㩿ජ䊤䉟㪀㓸⪭ᢙ㩿䊰ᚲ㪀 㕙Ⓧ㩿ජ䊤䉟㪀

ධㇱ

㪋㪍㪎

㪈㪎㩷㪍㪇㪎

㪌㪈㪇

㪈㩷㪌㪊㪊

ർㇱ

㪉㪊㪊

㪍㪊㩷㪐㪎㪎

㪈㩷㪌㪍㪐

㪈㩷㪎㪋㪎

ਛㇱ

㪈㪎㪍

㪉㪐㩷㪉㪊㪋

㪌㪉㪉

㪊㩷㪍㪋㪇

᧲ർㇱ

㪊㪋㪐

㪊㪋㩷㪉㪍㪎

㪈㩷㪎㪌㪋

㪊㩷㪇㪌㪌

ో࿖⸘

㪈㩷㪉㪈㪌

㪈㪋㪌㩷㪇㪏㪎

㪋㩷㪊㪌㪌

㪐㩷㪐㪎㪍

ᵈ⸥㪑㩷䊶ฦ࿾ᣇ୯䈫ో࿖⸘୯䈏৻ㇱ䈪৻⥌䈚䈭䈇䈏䇮䈠䈱䉁䉁䈫䈚䈢䇯䊶ᜰቯ⸃㒰੍ቯၞ䈫䈲䇮ⓨਛ౮⌀䈪㪈㪐㪍㪎ᐕએ೨䈎䉌䈱ሽ࿷䈏⏕⹺䈪䈐䈢ᚲ䈫䈘䉏䉎䇯䊶ว⸘୯䈲㪈㪐㪏㪇ᐕઍᧃᒰᤨ䈫⠨䈋䉌䉏䉎䇯಴ᚲ㪑㩷㪢㫉㫆㫄㩷㫇㪸㫄㪸㫀㩷㪲㪈㪐㪐㪊㪴䈮䉅䈫䈨䈐૞ᚑ䇯෸߱਎Ꮺ߇ᒰᤨ‫⼔଻ޔ‬ᨋၞౝߩ࿯࿾ࠍ↪޿ߡ޿ߚࠇߚᣢሽㄘ࿾ߩ੐ᓟ⺞ᢛᣇᑼ߇ᯏ⢻ߒߥ߆ߞߚ⺑ߎߣ߇ࠊ߆ࠆ‫ޕ‬᣿ߣߒߡ‫ޔ‬ਃߟߩⷐ࿃࡮᭴࿑߇⠨߃ࠄࠇߚߣߒߚ‫ޕ‬

⴫-4 ߪ‫ޔ‬1980 ᐕઍඨ߫ߦ㑑⼏᳿ቯߐࠇߚ޽ࠆࡊ

৻ߟߪ‫ޔ‬࿖᦭଻ోᨋၞߩᜰቯߦᒰߚߞߡ‫౏ߩߘޔ‬ࡠࠫࠚࠢ࠻ߦ߽ߣߠ߈‫ޔ‬1988 ᐕߦ᫪ᨋዪ஥߇࿖᦭

␜ᣇᴺߦ໧㗴߇޽ߞߚߣ޿߁߽ߩ‫ޕ‬ੑߟ⋡ߪ‫ޔ‬ᣢ଻ోᨋᜰቯ⸃㒰੍ቯၞߣߒߡႎ๔ߒߡ޿ߚ‫ޔ‬࿖᦭ሽㄘ࿾ࠍᓟ߆ࠄክᩏ࡮⺞ᢛߔࠆߚ߼ߩⷙቯౝኈ࡮

଻ోᨋၞౝߩ㓸⪭ᢙߣߘߩ↪⋉㕙Ⓧ╬(ฝ஥ߦ⋧ᚻ⛯߈ߩᾘ㔀ߐ߇‫ࠍࠇߘޔ‬ᯏ⢻ਇోߦߒߚߣ޿߁ᒰ)ࠍ␜ߒߚ߽ߩߛ‫ߩߎޕ‬႐วߩ଻ోᨋᜰቯ⸃㒰੍߽ߩ‫ޕ‬ਃߟ⋡ߪ‫ߚߒ߁ߎޔ‬ᣢሽ⎇ⓥߩᜰ៰ߒߡ޿

ቯၞߣߪ‫ޔ‬ⓨਛ౮⌀ߥߤߢ 1967 ᐕએ೨߆ࠄߩሽ

ߚ୘‫ߩޘ‬ᛛⴚ⊛ߥⷐ࿃ߦട߃‫৻ޔ‬ㅪߩ᡽╷࡮᡽ᴦ࿷߇⏕⹺ߢ߈ߚ㓸⪭㧔chumchon㧕ߣߘߩ๟ㄝၞ

ㆊ⒟ߣ㑐ଥߒߚ᭴࿑߇޽ߞߚߣ޿߁߽ߩߛ‫ߩߎޕ‬ࠍ‫ޔ‬࿖᦭଻ోᨋᜰቯએ೨߆ࠄߩ౉ᬀ࿾ߣቯ⟵ߒ‫ޔ‬߁ߜ‫ޔ‬એਅߢߪ‫ߕ߹ޔ‬೨ੑ⠪ߩ୘‫ߩޘ‬ᛛⴚ⊛ߥⷐหᜰቯၞ⸃㒰ߩኻ⽎ߣߒߚ߽ߩߛ‫ߥ߁ࠃߩߎޕ‬ᣇ࿃ߦߟ޿ߡ‫߁߽ޔ‬ዋߒ⺑᣿ࠍട߃ࠃ߁‫ޔߡߒߘޕ‬ᴺߦࠃࠆ౉ᬀ࿾ߦ㑐ߔࠆቯ⟵ߪ‫ޔ‬ታ㓙ߩ଻ోᨋၞ

ߘߩᓟߢᧄⓂߩਥ㗴ߢ޽ࠆਃ⇟⋡ߦ᜼ߍߚ᭴࿑ߦ

ߩᜰቯࡍ࡯ࠬ߆ࠄ߽ࠊ߆ࠆࠃ߁ߦ(࿑-2)‫ޔ‬ᔅߕߒ߽㑐ߒߡ⹦ㅀߒߚ޿‫ޕ‬ታᘒࠍ෩ኒߦ෻ᤋߒߚ߽ߩߢߪߥ޿‫ޔ߇ߛޕ‬ታ㓙

1964 ᐕ࿖᦭଻ోᨋᴺ╙ 12 ᧦߅ࠃ߮╙ 13 ᧦ߪ‫ޔ‬

ߦ 1967 ᐕᤨὐߢᜰቯߐࠇߡ޿ߚ߆ߤ߁߆ߪ೎ߣ

଻ోᨋᜰቯ೨ߩ੐೨⺞ᩏ࡮⺞ᢛࠍቯ߼ߡ޿ߚ 1938ߒߡ‫ޔ‬ዋߥߊߣ߽ 1980 ᐕઍᧃߦ‫ޟ‬࿖᦭଻ోᨋ‫ޠ‬ᐕ᫪ᨋ⛔ᴦ࡮଻ోᴺ╙ 10 ᧦ߦઍࠊࠆᒻߢ‫ޔ‬ᰴߩࠃߣߐࠇߡ޿ߚ㗔ၞౝߦ‫ࠅߥ߆ޔ‬ᣧߊ߆ࠄ৻ቯᢙߩ

߁ߥὐࠍⷙቯߒߡ޿ߚ‫ޕ‬࿖᦭଻ోᨋᜰቯ೨߆ࠄߘ

㓸⪭߇ሽ࿷ߒߡ޿ߚߎߣࠍ␜ߔ⾗ᢱߢ޽ࠆ‫ޕ‬ߩ㗔ၞౝߦᮭ೑ࠍ᦭ߒߡ޿ߚ⠪߿ߘߩ㗔ၞࠍ೑↪
ߒߡ޿ߚ⠪ߪ‫ޔ‬ᜰቯ౏␜ᓟ‫▤ޔ‬ロߩ㇭㐳߿೽㇭㐳

4. ࠲ࠗߦ߅ߌࠆ‫ޟ‬᫪ᨋ࿾‫ޠ‬ᜰቯ࿾ౝㄘ࿾ᒻᚑ࡮
⛽ᜬߩೋᦼ⊛ࡔࠞ࠾࠭ࡓ

ࠍ⚻↱ߒߡ࿖᦭଻ోᨋᆔຬળߦኻߒ‫⾩ޔ‬ఘࠍ⺧᳞ߔࠆߎߣ߇ߢ߈ࠆ‫⺧ޕ‬᳞ߪ࿖᦭଻ోᨋᜰቯߩ౏␜
ᣣ߆ࠄ 90 ᣣએౝߦߥߐࠇߥߌࠇ߫ߥࠄߥ޿‫ߒ߽ޕ‬(1) ࿖᦭଻ోᨋᴺߦ߅ߌࠆᮭ೑੐ᓟ⺞ᢛᣇᑼߩណ

઒ߦหᦼ㑆ౝߦ↳๔ߒߥ޿႐วߪ‫ߩߘޔ‬ᮭ೑ߪ᡼↪ߣ‫ޟ‬᫪ᨋ࿾‫ޠ‬ౝㄘ࿾ᒻᚑߩᛛⴚ⊛ੑⷐ࿃᫈ߐࠇߚ߽ߩߣ⷗ߥߔ‫ޔ߅ߥޕ‬࿯࿾ᴺߦ߽ߣߠߊ

ᧄⓂߢߪ౨㗡ߢ‫ޔ‬1964 ᐕ࿖᦭଻ోᨋᴺߢዉ౉ߐᮭ೑ߩᚲᜬ⠪ߦ㑐ߒߡߪ‫ߩߎޔ‬㒢ࠅߢߪߥ޿‫߹ޕ‬― 38 ―

࠲ࠗ⎇ⓥ NO.7 2007ߚ‫ޔ‬࿖᦭଻ోᨋᆔຬળ߇ឭ␜ߒߚ⾩ఘߦਇ᦯ߩᤨ

ᜰቯ࿾ౝߩᮭ೑⺞ᢛߣߪ‫ޔ‬ਥߣߒߡ࠰࡯ࠦ࡯1 ࠍߪ ‫ ޔ‬ᄢ ⤿ ߦ ਄ ๔ ߔ ࠆ ߎ ߣ ߇ ߢ ߈ ࠆ [CanyaᎼࠆ߽ߩߛߞߚ‫ޕ‬࿯࿾ᴺߦ߽ߣߠߊቢోߥᮭ೑ߣ

1977:446-447]‫ߕ߹ޔߜ߁ߩߎޕ‬೨Ბߢ⸒߁౏␜ᣇ

⷗ߥߐࠇࠆ࠴ࡖࡁ࡯࠻߿ࡁ࡯࠰࡯3 ♽ߩ⸽ᦠࠍ᦭

ᴺߦ㑐ࠊࠆᛛⴚ⊛໧㗴ߣ⋥ធ㑐ଥߒߡߊࠆߩߪ‫ޔ‬ߔࠆ࿯࿾ߩ႐ว‫߇ߎߘޔ‬ᓟ߆ࠄ࿖᦭଻ోᨋၞᜰቯ

‫ޟ‬90 ᣣએౝߦ⥄ࠄ↳๔ߒߥߌࠇ߫‫ޔ‬ᮭ೑ߪ᡼᫈ߐ

ߐࠇߡ߽‫ߡߞࠃߦࠇߘޔ‬ᓇ㗀ࠍⵍࠆߎߣߪߥ߆ߞ

ࠇߚߣ⷗ߥߐࠇࠆ‫߁޿ߣޠ‬ㇱಽߢ޽ࠆ‫ޕ‬ᰴߦᯏ⢻ߚ[Canya 1990:41]‫৻ޔ߇ࠈߎߣޕ‬ᔕวᴺߢߪ޽ߞਇోߩ᭴࿑ߣᦨ߽㑐ଥߒߡߊࠆߩߪ‫ޔ‬‫ޟ‬࿯࿾ᴺߦ߽ߚ߇‫ޔ‬᫪ᨋዪ஥ߦ‫ޟ‬ଥቭ߇භ᦭๔⍮ࠍฃߌઃߌߚ

ߣߠߊᮭ೑ߩᚲᜬ⠪੔‫▎߁޿ߣޠޘ‬ᚲߛ‫ޕ‬නߥࠆฃขࠅ‫[ޠ‬Wanida n.d.a:4]ߣߒ߆⷗ߥߐࠇߥ

਄⸥ߩࠃ߁ߥ‫⥄ޟ‬Ꮖ↳๔‫⾩ޟࠄ߆ޠ‬ఘ‫ࠆ⥋ߦޠ‬߆ߞߚ࠰࡯ࠦ࡯1 ߩ⊒ⴕ࿾ߩ႐ว‫߿࠻࡯ࡁࡖ࠴ޔ‬ࡊࡠ࠮ࠬࠍ૞േߐߖࠆᄢ೨ឭߣߒߡ‫ޔ‬1964 ᐕ࿖᦭ࡁ࡯࠰࡯3 ♽ߩ⸽ᦠࠍᜬߟ࿯࿾ߣߪ‫ߩߘߣߕ⥄ޔ‬

଻ోᨋᴺ╙ 9 ᧦ߪ‫ో଻ޔ‬ᨋᜰቯࠍ౏␜ߔࠆ⋭઎ߩᛒ޿߇⇣ߥߞߚ‫ޔࠅ߹ߟޕ‬නߦ࠰࡯ࠦ࡯1 ࠍᚲᜬ౮ߒߣ଻ోᨋߩႺ⇇Ꮺࠍ␜ߔ࿾࿑ࠍ㇭࡮඙ᓎᚲ‫ޔ‬ߒߡ޿ࠆߣ޿߁ߛߌߢߪ‫ޔ‬࿯࿾ᴺ਄ߩቢోߥᮭ೑

๟ㄝ᧛(muban)ߩឝ␜᧼╬ߦ⾍ઃߔࠆߎߣࠍ⟵ോࠍ᦭ߒߡ޿ࠆߣߪ⷗ߥߐࠇߥ߆ߞߚ߫߆ࠅ߆‫ޔ‬઒ߠߌߡ޿ߚ‫৻ޔߒ߆ߒޕ‬ㇱߩ⎇ⓥ⠪߇ᜰ៰ߔࠆߩ

ߦ࠰࡯ࠦ࡯1 ࠍ࠴ࡖࡁ࡯࠻߿ࡁ࡯࠰࡯3 ♽ߩ⸽ᦠߪ‫ߦ․ޔ‬ㄝႺߦ޽ߞߡ᡽ᐭ߆ࠄߩᖱႎ߳ߩࠕࠢ࠮

ߦᦠ߈឵߃ࠃ߁ߣߔࠇ߫‫․ޔ‬೎ߥᚻ㗅ߣ᧦ઙࠍḩࠬ߇࿎㔍ߢ޽ࠆ㓸⪭(chumchon)╬ߦߣߞߡ‫ޔ‬㇭߳ߚߔߎߣ߽᳞߼ࠄࠇߚ‫ౕޕ‬૕⊛ߦߪ‫࡯ࠦ࡯࠰ޔ‬1ߩ↳๔ᦼ㑆߇ 90 ᣣએౝߢߪ⍴߆ߔ߉ߚߣ޿߁໧

⊒ⴕ࿾߇଻ోᨋߥߤߩ‫ޟ‬᫪ᨋ࿾‫ޠ‬๟ㄝߦ޽ࠆᤨߪ‫ޔ‬㗴ὐߛߞߚ[Sayamon 1995:207-212]‫ޕ‬࿯࿾ዪߣ᫪ᨋዪ߇ขࠅ⚿ࠎߢ޿ߚวᗧ੐㗄ߦೣߞ߹ߚ‫߽ߦઁޔ‬ᒰߩ᫪ᨋዪ⥄り߽‫౏ޟߚߒ߁ߎޔ‬␜‫⥄ޟࠄ߆ޠ‬Ꮖ↳๔‫⾩ޟޔޠ‬ఘ‫ࠬ࠮ࡠࡊࠆ⥋ߣ߳ޠ‬ߡ‫ޔ‬࿯࿾⸽ᦠ⊒ⴕߩนุࠍ್ᢿߔࠆߎߣ߇᳞߼ࠄ
ࠇߚ[Wanida n.d.b:9]‫ޕ‬߇ታ㓙ߦ߁߹ߊᯏ⢻ߒߡ޿ߥ޿ὐࠍฦ⋵߆ࠄߩႎ‫ޟ‬᫪ᨋ࿾(㗔ၞ)ߦ߅ߌࠆ࿯࿾ᚲ᦭ᮭ⸽ᦠ߽ߒߊ

๔ߥߤߦࠃߞߡ⹺⼂ߒߡ߅ࠅ‫⾍ߩ␜౏ޔ‬ઃߣ⥄Ꮖߪ࿯࿾೑↪ᷣ⸽ᦠ⊒ⴕߩߚ߼ߩ⺞ᩏ࡮⸽᣿ⷙቯߦ

↳๔೙ᐲߩ๟⍮ᔀᐩࠍฦ⋵ߦ➅ࠅ㄰ߒㅢ㆐ߒߡ޿

㑐ߔࠆ࿯࿾ዪߣ᫪ᨋዪ㑆ߩวᗧ੐㗄ⷡᦠ‫ߣޠ‬㗴ߐߚ

[ks.0703/3511

22/3/1968,

ks.0703/358

ࠇࠆᢥᦠߪ‫ޔ‬1958 ᐕ‫ޔ‬1981 ᐕ‫ޔ‬1991 ᐕߣਃᐲ಴

13/1/1970, ks.0703/2541 4/3/1970]‫ޕ‬᫪ᨋዪ⥄りߪߐࠇߡ޿ࠆ‫ޕ‬ฦᐕ‫ޟ‬ᒰዪ
⸷߃ߩਛりࠍඨ߫⇼ߞߡ߆߆ߞߡ޿ߚ߇ 6㧕‫ޔ‬ࠆ߇‫౒ߕ߹ޔ‬ㅢߒߡ᣿⸥ߐࠇߡ޿ߚߩߪ‫ޔ‬࿯࿾ዪ‫ޔ‬ߩ౏␜ࠍ⍮ࠄߕ‫ ߡߞ߇ߚߒޔ‬90 ᣣએౝߦ↳๔߽ߢ᫪ᨋዪ‫ߪߚ߹⋵ޔ‬㇭߆ࠄߥࠆวหᆔຬળࠍ⸳⟎ߒ‫ޔ‬߈ߥ߆ߞߚ‫ޔ߁޿ߣޠ‬࿖᳃ߩჿ߇⋵ࠍ⚻ߡ᫪ᨋዪ࠴ࡖࡁ࡯࠻߿ࡁ࡯࠰࡯3 ♽ߩ⸽ᦠ⊒ⴕ߇↳⺧ߐࠇਛ ᄩ ߦ ਄ ߇ ߞ ߡ ߈ ߡ ޿ ߚ ߣ ޿ ߁ [ks.0703/358

ߡ޿ࠆ࠰࡯ࠦ࡯1 ࿾ࠍ⺞ߴ‫⚿ߩߘޔ‬ᨐࠍ⋵⍮੐߹

13/1/1970]‫ޕ‬ߚߪ㇭㐳(೽㇭㐳)ߦႎ๔‫⋵ߦ⊛⚳ᦨޔ‬⍮੐߹ߚߪߢౝኈߩ⇣ߥࠆ▎ᚲ߽಴ߡߊ

৻ᣇ‫ޔ‬ᴺⷙ⊛ߦߪน⢻ߢ޽ߞߡ߽‫߇ࠇߘޔ‬ා੺㇭㐳(೽㇭㐳)߇⸽ᦠ⊒ⴕߩนุࠍ್ᢿߔࠆߣ޿߁߆ ߟ ౉ ࠅ ⚵ ࠎ ߢ ޿ ߚ ߚ ߼ ߦ [Narachoowongߎ ߣ ߛ ߞ ߚ [krom thidin thi 10707/2501

1996:135-137]‫ޔ‬චಽߦᯏ⢻ߒߥ߆ߞߚ࿖᦭଻ోᨋ

8/12/1958 ‫ ޔ‬mt 0609/3/w.9529 27/4/1981 ‫ ޔ‬mt

― 39 ―

࠲ࠗߦ߅ߌࠆ‫ޟ‬᫪ᨋ࿾‫ޠ‬ౝㄘ࿾ᒻᚑ࡮⛽ᜬߩೋᦼ⊛ࡔࠞ࠾࠭ࡓ

0719/w.00010 3/1/1992]‫ߩߎޔߪߢޕ‬႐ว‫ޔ‬วห࡯ࠦ࡯1 ⊒ⴕᒰᤨߩ࿾ᣇ⛔ᴦ⠪߳ߩ⡞߈ขࠅߥߤ

ᆔຬળߪ޿ߞߚ޿૗ࠍ⺞ᩏ࡮⸽᣿ߔࠆߎߣࠍ᳞߼

߆ࠄ‫⺞ޔ‬ᩏ࡮┙⸽ߐࠇߥߌࠇ߫ߥࠄߥ߆ߞߚ‫ޕ‬ࠄࠇߡ޿ߚߩ߆‫ߩߡోޕ‬ᐕߪߥ޿߇‫ޔ‬1991 ᐕߦᦠ߆ࠇߡ޿ߚ⸶ߢ

ߣ᫪ᨋዪߩ޽ࠆᢥᦠߦࠃࠇ߫

(2) ឃઁ⊛଻ోᨋ࿾▤ℂ೨ឭߩ፣უㆊ⒟ߣ‫ޟ‬᫪ᨋ

[ks. 0711/14879 1/8/1980]‫࡯࠰ࠆ޿ߡࠇߐ⺧↳ޔ‬࿾‫ޠ‬ౝㄘ࿾ᒻᚑ࡮⛽ᜬߩೋᦼ⊛ࡔࠞ࠾࠭ࡓ

ࠦ࡯1 ࿾ߩวᴺᕈߩ෩ᩰߥౣ⸽᣿߇᳞߼ࠄࠇߡ޿

1)੐ᓟ⺞ᢛᣇᑼߦࠃࠆឃઁ⊛଻ోᨋ࿾▤ℂߩේೣߚ‫ߩⴕ⃻ޔ߫߃ߣߚޕ‬࿯࿾ᴺ߇ᣉⴕߐࠇࠆ 1954ߣߘߩ፣უ߳ߩ᡽╷⊛ᄾᯏ

ᐕ 12 ᦬એ೨߆ࠄߩ࿯࿾ߩභ᦭࡮೑↪⁁ᴫ߇‫⺧↳ޔ‬ߎߎߢߪ߹ߕ‫ޔ‬೨▵ߢㅀߴߚߎߣߩ߹ߣ߼ߣᧄ▵⠪⥄りߩ૑ቛ߿↰⇌ߩ᭽ሶ‫ޔ‬ㄭ㓞࿾ߩ࿾೛࡮⸽ᦠ

ߢជࠅਅߍࠆㇱಽߩ․ቯࠍ౗ߨߡ‫ޔ‬1964 ᐕ࿖᦭଻ߩ⊒ⴕ⁁ᘒ߿ߘߩ೑↪ታᘒ‫ޔ‬ⓨਛ౮⌀ߩ⸃ᨆ߿࠰

ోᨋᴺߦ߽ߣߠߊᣢሽㄘ࿾ߩ⺞ᢛේೣ߇ర᧪ߤߩ

࿑㪄㪊㩷 ଻ోᨋᜰቯ࿾ౝㄘ࿾╬䉕Ꮌ䉎 㪈㪐㪍㪋 ᐕ࿖᦭଻ోᨋᴺ䈱ᦨೋᦼ䈱ਥ䈭ភ⟎ේೣ㩷ᮭ೑䉕⸽᣿䈜䉎䉅䈱䈱᦭ή䇮ౝኈ

䊉䊷䉸䊷3
䉼䊞䊉䊷䊃

╙ 㪈㪉 ᧦䈮䉅䈫䈨䈒↳๔䈱᦭ή㩿᦭䉍䂾䇮䈭䈚㬍㪀㩷ភ⟎ේೣᜰቯ䈮䉋䉎ᓇ㗀䈭䈚䇯ᓟ䈮଻ోᨋᜰቯ䈱⸃㒰

䂾㬍

䉸䊷䉮䊷1

㬍

⋵ ㇭ 丵࿯ ࿾ ዪ 丵᫪ ᨋ ዪ ว ห ⺞ ᩏ ᆔ ຬ ળ଻ోᨋ ᆔຬળ

䂾

࿯࿾ᴺ䈱ᮭ೑䈮ᦠ឵䈋ᓟ䈮଻ోᨋᜰቯ䈱⸃㒰⾩ఘ᦭䉍䇯ၞౝ䈎䉌ឃ㒰⾩ఘ䈭䈚䇯ၞౝ䈎䉌ឃ㒰
࿯࿾ᴺ䈱ᮭ೑䈮ᦠ឵䈋ᓟ䈮଻ోᨋᜰቯ䈱⸃㒰⾩ఘ᦭䉍䇯ၞౝ䈎䉌ឃ㒰⾩ఘ䈭䈚䇯ၞౝ䈎䉌ឃ㒰଻ోᨋ ᆔຬળ

䂾⾩ఘ᦭䉍䇯ၞౝ䈎䉌ឃ㒰⾩ఘ䈭䈚䇯ၞౝ䈎䉌ឃ㒰䈭㩷 䈚ㅱ᝝䉅᦭䉍䇯⾩ఘ䈭䈚䇯ၞౝ䈎䉌ឃ㒰䇯

㬍ᵈ⸥㪑㪈㪐㪍㪋 ᐕ࿖᦭଻ోᨋᴺ䈱⸃⺑ᧄ䈱ਛ䈮䈲䇮╙ 㪈㪉 ᧦䇮㪈㪊 ᧦䉕਄䈱࿑ᑼ䈫䈲೎᭽䈮⸃㉼䈚䈩䈇䉎䉅䈱䉅䈅䉎䈏䇮䈖䈖䈪䈲࿑䈱䉋䈉䈭䇸ᮭ೑䇹䈮㑐䈜䉎㗄⋡䈮㒢䉍䇮ਅ⸥䈱ᢥ₂╬䈱⸥タౝኈ䉕䉅䈫䈮ᢛℂ䈚䈢䇯㩷಴ᚲ㪑㩷㪚㪸㫅㫐㪸㪲㪈㪐㪎㪎㪑㪋㪋㪍㪄㪋㪋㪎䇮㪈㪐㪐㪇㪑㪊㪐㪄㪋㪋㪴䇮㪧㫉㪸㪻㫀㫋㪲㫅㪅㪻㪅㪑㪏㪌㪄㪈㪈㪍㪴䇮㪮㪸㫅㫀㪻㪸㪲㫅㪅㪻㪅㪸䇮㫅㪅㪻㪅㪹㪴╬䈮䉅䈫䈨䈐╩⠪૞ᚑ䇯㩷― 40 ―

࠲ࠗ⎇ⓥ NO.7 2007ࠃ߁ߥ߽ߩߛߞߚߩ߆ࠍ‫╩ޔ‬⠪ߥࠅߦ⵬⿷࡮ᢛℂ

ᦨߚࠆ߽ߩߢ‫ߪߟ৻ޔ‬᫪ᨋ᧛੐ᬺ╬ࠍᛚ⹺ߒߚ

ߒߚ᭎⇛࿑ࠍ␜ߘ߁(࿑-3)‫ޕ‬࿑-3 ߪ‫࡮࠻࡯ࡁࡖ࠴ޔ‬1974 ᐕ 8 ᦬ߩ㑑⼏᳿ቯ‫ߪߟ৻߁߽ޔ‬ᓟߩ࠰࡯࠻࡯

ࡁ࡯࠰࡯3 ߿࠰࡯ࠦ࡯1 ߩ᦭ήߣ‫ޔ‬1964 ᐕ࿖᦭଻ࠦ࡯੐ᬺߩታ⾰⊛ߥᛚ⹺᳿⼏ߣ⸒߃ࠆ 1979 ᐕ 8ోᨋᴺ╙ 12 ᧦ߦ߽ߣߠ߈⥄ࠄߩᮭ೑߿೑↪ࠍ⥄᦬ߩ㑑⼏᳿ቯߢ޽ࠆ‫ޕ‬Ꮖ↳๔ߒߚ߆ุ߆ߣࠍၮḰߦ‫ᦨޔ‬ೋᦼߦᒰዪ஥߇

‫ޟ‬ᬀᨋ૞ᬺࠍㅴ߼ࠆߚ߼‫߁޿ߣޠ‬ᄢ⟵ฬಽ߽᦭੍ቯߒߡ޿ߚភ⟎ේೣࠍᦠ߈಴ߒߚ߽ߩߢ޽ࠆ‫ޕ‬ߒߡ޿ߚ߇‫ޔ‬೨⠪ߩ᳿⼏ߢ߶߷ೋ߼ߡ‫ߩࠗ࠲ޔ‬᫪৻ㇱᧄᢥߢ⸒෸ߒߡ޿ߥ޿ὐߦߟ޿ߡ߽ᦠ߈⿷

ᨋⴕ᡽ߪ࿖᦭଻ోᨋᜰቯၞౝߦᄢ‫ߟ߆⊛ޘ‬ᜬ⛯⊛ߒߚ߇‫ޔ‬ὐ✢ࠃࠅ਄஥ߦ⸥ߒߚㇱಽ߇೨▵ߢㅀߴߥᒻߢㄘ࿾߇ሽ࿷ߒ⛯ߌࠆߎߣࠍኈ⹺ߒߚ‫ޔߚ߹ޕ‬ߚὐߢ޽ࠆ‫ޔࠅ߹ߟޕ‬࿖᦭଻ోᨋᜰቯߐࠇߚ㗔ၞห᭽ߦߘߩᓟߩ㑐ㅪߔࠆㅢ㆐╬ߢ‫ޔ‬࿑-3 ਛߩ‫ߥޟ‬ౝߩ࿯࿾ߢ‫࡯࠰࡯ࡁ࡮࠻࡯ࡁࡖ࠴ޔ‬3 ߿࠰࡯ࠦ࡯1ߒ‫▎ޠ‬ᚲߩ‫ޟ‬٤‫ޠ‬㗔ၞࠍ߽หኈ⹺ߩኻ⽎ߣߢ߈ࠆࠍ᦭ߒߡ޿ߚ႐ว‫ߩࠇߙࠇߘޔ‬࿯࿾߇ߤߩࠃ߁ߥ

ᣦࠍ␜ໂߒߚ‫ઁޕ‬ᣇ‫ޔ‬ᓟ⠪ߩ᳿⼏ࠍㅢߒߡ߽‫ޔ‬‫↢ޟ‬ේೣߩਅߢಣℂߐࠇࠃ߁ߣߒߡ޿ߚߩ߆ࠍ⺑᣿ߒᵴࠍ༡߻ᮭ೑ࠍਈ߃ੱ᳃ࠍഥߌࠆ‫߁޿ߣޠ‬ᄢ⟵ฬߚㇱಽߛ‫৻ޕ‬ᣇ‫ޔ‬ὐ✢ࠃࠅਅ஥ߦ⸥ߒߚ▎ᚲߪ‫ޔ‬ಽߎߘ㆑߃‫ߩࠗ࠲ޔ‬᫪ᨋⴕ᡽ߪ࿖᦭଻ోᨋᜰቯၞ

ߎࠇ߆ࠄ⸒෸ߒߡ޿ߊㇱಽߢ‫ߩ߆ߟߊ޿ޔ‬ᢥ₂߿ౝㄘ࿾ߩ൮฽ࠍࠃࠅᄢ‫ߥ⊛ޘ‬ᒻߢኈ⹺ߒߚ‫ޕ‬એਅ⾗ᢱ╬߆ࠄ್ᢿߔࠆ㒢ࠅ‫ޔ‬ዋߥߊߣ߽ 1964 ᐕ࿖ߢߪ‫ߥ߁ࠃߩߎޔ‬ੑ᳿⼏ߦ㑐ߔࠆ੐㗄ߩ߁ߜ‫․ޔ‬

᦭଻ోᨋᴺዉ౉⋥ᓟߩᦨೋߩᢙᐕ㑆ߪ‫ో଻ޔ‬ᨋᜰߦ೨⠪ߩ᳿⼏ߣߘࠇߦ㑐ㅪߔࠆ޽ࠆㅢ㆐ࠍᏫ⌕ὐቯၞ߆ࠄߩឃ㒰߽ߒߊߪ㒰ᄖ߇ᗐቯߐࠇߡ޿ߚ࿯

ߣߒߡ‫⸥ࠍ✲⚻ߊ⌕߈ⴕߦߎߘޔ‬ㅀߒߚ޿‫ޕ‬࿾ߢ޽ࠆ‫ޕ‬એਅߢ〔ߠߌߔࠆߩߪ‫⇵▸ߚߒ߁ߎޔ‬ߩ࿯࿾߇ឃ㒰࡮㒰ᄖߐࠇߕߦ‫ޔ‬ㅒߦ࿖᦭଻ోᨋၞ

2) ࿖᦭଻ోᨋᴺⷙቯߦ߽ߣߠߊ੐ᓟ⺞ᢛ૞ᬺߩౝߦ൮฽ߐࠇߡ޿ߞߚㆊ⒟ߢ޽ࠆ‫ޔ߅ߥޕ‬਄ㅀߩㆃࠇߣᄢⷙᮨ࿯࿾⺞ᢛ੐ᬺߩᚑ┙޿ߊߟ߆ߩᢥ₂߿⾗ᢱߣߪ‫ޔ‬એਅߢㅀߴߡ޿ߊ▎1970 ᐕઍߩ৻ᤨ⊛᳃ਥൻᤨߦධㇱฦ࿾ࠍᑫࠅ‫ߘޔ‬ᚲߢឭ␜ߔࠆᢥ₂࡮⾗ᢱߣߣ߽ߦ‫ޔ‬࿑-3 ਛߩ಴ᚲߎߢㄘ᳃ࠄߣធߒߚ޽ࠆቇ↢ㆇേኅ߇ᒰᤨ‫ੱ᧛ޔ‬ߦ␜ߒߚ‫ޔ‬᫪ᨋዪᐙㇱ߿ห⡯ຬߦࠃࠆ 1964 ᐕ࿖߆ࠄ⡞߈ขߞߚߣ޿߁⹤ࠍ߽ߣߦ‫ޔ‬ᰴߩࠃ߁ߥߎ

᦭଻ోᨋᴺߦ㑐ߔࠆ⸃⺑ᦠߥߤࠍᜰߒߡ޿ࠆ‫ޕ‬ߣࠍࠨࠗࡗࡓ࡜࠶࠻⚕ߦ⺆ߞߡ޿ࠆ‫ޕ‬‫ో଻̖ޟ‬ᨋߩߎߎ߹ߢㅀߴߡ߈ߚࠃ߁ߦ‫ᧄޔ‬Ⓜߢߪዋߥߊߣ

໧㗴ࠍขࠅ਄ߍࠇ߫‫ߪੱ᧛ޔ‬ᒰዪ஥ߩ(଻ోᨋᜰቯ

߽ᦨೋᦼߩᤨὐߢߪ‫ో଻ߩࠗ࠲ޔ‬ᨋ࿾▤ℂߪ‫ޔ‬ㆊߩ)౏␜ࠍ⍮ࠄߥ޿‫ߪ␜౏ޔࠄߥߗߥޕ‬㇭ߦ⾍ࠄࠇᷰ⊛߽ߒߊߪ଀ᄖ⊛ߥ߽ߩࠍ㒰޿ߡ‫ߩߘޔ‬ౝㇱߦߡ޿ࠆߛߌߢ‫ో଻ޔ‬ᨋၞߩ᜛ᄢ߿ㅒߦขࠅᶖߒߥ

ㄘ࿾ࠍ฽߹ߥ޿ߎߣࠍ೨ឭߣߒߡ޿ߚߣ⠨߃ࠆ‫ޕ‬ߤࠍ᧛ੱߦ⍮ࠄߖߦⴕߊ⠪ߪ⺕߽޿ߥ޿߆ࠄߛ‫ޕ‬ߒ߆ߒ‫⚿ޔ‬ዪ‫ޔ‬1985 ᐕߩᴺᡷ⸓ߢೋ߼ߡ᣿⏕ߥ᧦ߛ߇‫ޔ‬࿯࿾ᜬߜߩ⾗ᧄኅߛߌߪ(ߘ߁ߒߚ౏␜ࠍ)ᢥߣ޿߁ᒻߢ࿖᦭଻ోᨋᜰቯၞౝㄘ࿾ߩሽ࿷ࠍ⸵

⍮ߞߡ޿ࠆ‫[ޠ̖ߪߢ࠻࠶ࠤ࡯ࡊ߫߃ߣߚޕ‬Sayamኈߔࠆࠃ߁ߦߥࠆ߇‫ޔ‬หᤨߦߘߎߦ⥋ࠆ߹ߢߦߪ

rat 24/4/1974]‫ޕ‬޿ߊߟ߆ߩ᡽╷⊛ߥᄾᯏ߽〯ࠎߢ޿ߚߣ޿߁⷗ᣇ

଻ోᨋߩ౏␜ߣ⛊ࠎߢቇ↢ㆇേኅ߇⺆ߞߡ޿ߚࠍណࠆ‫⴫ޕ‬-5 ߦਅ✢ࠍઃߒߡ␜ߒߚੑ᳿⼏߇ߘߩߎߩࠃ߁ߥ᭴࿑߇‫ోޔ‬࿖⊛ߦߤࠇߛߌᒰߡߪ߹ࠆ

― 41 ―

࠲ࠗߦ߅ߌࠆ‫ޟ‬᫪ᨋ࿾‫ޠ‬ౝㄘ࿾ᒻᚑ࡮⛽ᜬߩೋᦼ⊛ࡔࠞ࠾࠭ࡓ

߽ߩߛߞߚߩ߆ߪ‫ޔ‬ᱜ⏕ߦߪࠊ߆ࠄߥ޿‫ޔߒ߆ߒޕ‬㩷 ⴫㪄㪌㩷 ࿖᦭଻ోᨋ࿾ౝㄘ࿾╬䉕Ꮌ䉎㊀ⷐ᡽╷䊶੐㗄䈱ዷ㐿㩷ᐕ 㩷㩷㩷㩷㩷㩷ᦨ㊀ⷐᴺ෸䈶㑑⼏᳿ቯ䇮๮઎╬㩷㩷㩷㩷㩷㩷㩷㩷㩷䈠䈱ઁ䈱㊀ⷐ੐㗄㩷㩷㩷㩷㩷㩷㩷᡽ᴦ⊛ᄢ੐ઙ䊶㪋᦬䇮⋭઎䈪଻ోᨋ࿾ฦ⒳೑↪ᢱⷙቯ䊶㪏᦬䇮౒↥ౄ䇮ᱞⵝ㑵੎㐿ᆎ㪈㪐㪍㪋 䊶㪊᦬䇮࿖᦭଻ోᨋᴺ౏Ꮣ
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䊶㪐᦬䇮࿯࿾ಽ㘃⺞ᩏ䈱੍▚ᦼ㑆⚳ੌ

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䊶㪍᦬䇮↢ᵴ⛽ᜬ䈱䈢䉄䈱࿯࿾Ḱ஻ᴺ౏Ꮣ㪈㪐㪍㪐䊶㪈㪉᦬䇮࿯࿾ᢛℂផㅴ੐ᬺ⊒⿷䇮ේೣᛚ⹺㪈㪐㪎㪇䊶㪍᦬䇮㪉㪌㪈㪈ᐕᙗᴺ౏Ꮣ
䊶㪈㪇᦬䇮ᣂ᡽ౄᴺᣉⴕ

䊶㪊᦬䇮᳃ਥౄ䇮࿯࿾ᢛℂᴺ᩺ឭ಴䇯ุ᳿䊶㪉᦬䇮㪈㪉ᐕ䈹䉍䈱✚ㆬ᜼䊶㪎᦬䇮࿯࿾ዪ䇮䍀᫪ᨋ䇹ౝභ᦭๔⍮ᑧ㐳⸵น䊶㪋᦬䇮ౝോ⋭䇮䇸᫪ᨋ䇹ౝ๔⍮ᑧ㐳ਇ⸵น㪈㪐㪎㪈࿯࿾ᢛℂផㅴ੐ᬺㅴ䉃䊶㪈㪈᦬䇮䇸㕟๮࿅䇹䇮⥄૞䉪䊷䊂䉺㪈㪐㪎㪉䊶㪉᦬䇮㕟๮࿅Ꮣ๔䇯භ᦭๔⍮೙ᐲขᶖ䈚䊶㪈㪈᦬䇮଻ోᨋ࿾೑↪⋡䈮䇸䈾䈎䇹ട䉒䉎㪈㪐㪎㪊 䊶㪏᦬䇮ౝോ⋭䇮ᢛℂ੐ᬺ䈱࿎㔍䈘䉕ႎ๔㩷㩷㩷㩷㩷㩷㩷㩷㩷㩷㩷䇭㩷㩷੐ᬺㆇ༡ᮭ䉕᫪ᨋዪ஥䈮⒖⼑䊶࿯࿾ዪ䈱䊉䊷䉸䊷䋳⊒ⴕផㅴ੐ᬺㅴ䉃䊶㪍᦬䇮࿖₺䇮଻ోᨋᜰቯ䈱໧㗴ᕈ䈮⸒෸㩷㪈㪐㪎㪋 䊶㪏᦬䇮䇸᳗ਭ䈮᫪ᨋ⾗Ḯ䉕଻⼔䈜䉎᡽╷䇹㪈㪐㪎㪌 䊶㪋᦬䇮㚂⋧઎䈪ᕲ⿔䈫㊀ⶄ࿾䈱วᴺൻ␜ໂ

䊶㪌᦬䇮䊃䉠䊮䊟䊮Ᵽ⁸੐ઙ⊒ⷡ䊶㪈㪇᦬䇮ቇ↢㕟๮䇯᳃ਥൻ䈻䊶㪋᦬䇮භ᦭᳃䈱᛫⼏ⴕേỗൻ䊶㪈㪈᦬䇮䉺䉟࿖ㄘ᳃ㅪ⋖⚿ᚑ䊶㪉᦬䇮ㄘᬺ䈱䈢䉄䈱࿯࿾ᡷ㕟ᴺ౏Ꮣ䊶㪋᦬䇮᫪ᨋዪ䈮଻ోᨋ࿾⺞ᢛㇱഃ⸳䊶㪈᦬䇮✚ㆬ᜼䇯䉪䉪䊥䉾䊃᡽ᮭᚑ┙䊶㪍᦬䇮਄⸥᳿⼏䈫㪎㪌ᐕ㚂⋧઎㩿৻ㇱ㪀ขᶖ䈚䊶╙㪋ᰴ⸘↹╷ቯ૞ᬺ䇯᫪ᨋ᧛㪉㪌⊖ਁ䊤䉟䊶㪈㪇᦬䇮䉺䊆䊮㚂⋧䇮ㄘ࿾ᡷ㕟ផㅴ䉕ት⸒䊶㪋᦬䇮✚ㆬ᜼䇯䉶䊷䊆䊷᡽ᮭᚑ┙䊶㪈㪇᦬䇮䉪䊷䊂䉺䇯䉺䊆䊮᡽ᮭᚑ┙䊶㪏᦬䇮㚂⋧ᐭ䇮ㄘ࿾ᡷ㕟ផㅴ䉕⋭䈮ⷐ⺧䊶㪉᦬䇮᫪ᨋዪ䇮᫪ᨋ᧛䈪ᛒ䈉ኻ⽎඙ಽㅢ㆐䊶㪏᦬䇮৻ㇱ଻ోᨋ࿾䉕ㄘ࿾ᡷ㕟࿾䈮⒖⼑䊶㪈㪇᦬䇮䉪䊥䉝䊮䉰䉾䉪᡽ᮭᚑ┙䊶㪋᦬䇮᫪ᨋ᧛䊒䊨䉳䉢䉪䊃䈱ේೣᛚ⹺㪈㪐㪎㪍 䊶㪊᦬䇮䊉䊷䉸䊷䋳⊒ⴕផㅴ੐ᬺ࿾䈫䈚䈩⸵น
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䊶㪉᦬䇮䉪䊥䉝䊮䉰䉾䉪㚂⋧࿅ᷰ☨䊶䉥䉟䊦䉲䊢䉾䉪䇯෼ᡰᖡൻ䊶㪏᦬䇮᫪ᨋዪ䈱ਇᴺଚ౉᳃េഥ╷䉕ᛚ⹺

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䊶㪊᦬䇮਎㌁࿅᧪䉺䉟䇯ㆡಾ䈭࿯࿾᡽╷൘๔䊶㪊᦬䇮䊒䊧䊛᡽ᮭᚑ┙䊶㪉᦬䇮࿖₺䇮䉸䊷䊃䊷䉮䊷䉕ଦ䈜⊒⸒䊶ቇ↢䇮౒↥ౄᐙㇱ䈱ᛩ㒠⛯䈒䊶㪈㪇᦬䇮᫪ᨋዪ䇮䉸䊷䊃䊷䉮䊷㐿ᆎ㪈㪐㪏㪉 䊶㪍᦬䇮᫪ᨋ᧛෸䈶䉸䊷䊃䊷䉮䊷ផㅴ䉕⏕⹺䊶㪐᦬䇮⋭઎䈪଻ోᨋౝㄘᬺ䈱೑↪ᢱⷙቯ಴ᚲ䋺㫊㫉㩷㪇㪉㪇㪊㪆㪈㪉㪊㪎㪌㩷㪈㪌㪆㪏㪆㪈㪐㪎㪊䇮㫊㫉㩷㪇㪉㪇㪊㪆㪈㪈㪎㪍㪐㩷㪈㪌㪆㪏㪆㪈㪐㪎㪎䇮㪢㫆㫅㪾㩷㪺㪸㫋㫂㪸㫅㩷㫋㪿㫀㪻㫀㫅㩷㫇㪸㩷㫊㪸㪾㫌㪸㫅㩷㪿㪼㫅㪾㩷㪺㪿㪸㫋㪲㫅㪅㪻㪅㪴䇮㪥㫆㫅㫋㪿㪸㫇㪿㪸㫅㪼㪻㪅㪲㪉㪇㪇㪇㪴䇮㫄㫋㩷㪇㪍㪈㪇㪆㫎㪅㪈㪋㪋㩷㪊㪆㪋㪆㪈㪐㪎㪇䇮㫄㫋㩷㪇㪍㪈㪇㪆㪈㪈㪊㪌㪌㩷㪈㪎㪆㪎㪆㪈㪐㪎㪇䇮㫂㫊㪅㩷㪇㪎㪇㪌㪆㪏㪈㪉㪏㩷㪊㪇㪆㪌㪆㪈㪐㪎㪋╬䈮䉅䈫䈨䈐૞ᚑ䇯਄⸥ߩࠃ߁ߥ⺣⹤ߣ㑐ㅪߒߡ৻ߟ⸒߃ߚߎߣߪ‫ޔ‬ߣ⸒߁࿖᳃ߩ↳๔ߩ⺞ᩏ‫[ޠ‬Krom pamai 1967:75]

౏␜ࠍ⍮ࠄߥ޿⠪߇ሽ࿷ߒߚ৻ᣇߢ‫ޔ‬ㅒߦߘࠇࠍ

ߣ޿ߞߚ⸥ㅀ߇⏕⹺ߢ߈ࠆࠃ߁ߦߥࠆ‫ޔߚ߹ޕ‬⍮ߞߡ޿ߡ‫ޔ‬หᤨߦ⥄ࠄߩᮭ೑߿೑↪ࠍ↳๔ߒߡ

1966 ᐕ߆ࠄ 70 ᐕ߹ߢࠍ଀ߦណࠇ߫‫ޔ‬Ფᐕ 40 ߆޿ߚ⠪߽⏕ታߦ޿ߚߣ޿߁ὐߢ޽ࠆ‫ޔ߫߃ߣߚޕ‬ࠄ 164 ߩ࿖᦭଻ోᨋ࿾ฬ߇‫ޔ‬ᮭ೑߿೑↪ߩ⺞ᩏ࡮਄⸥ߩࠃ߁ߥ⸥੐એᄖߦ᫪ᨋዪߩᐕᰴႎ๔ᦠߦ

ᬌ⸛ਛߣߒߡ‫ޔ‬ታ㓙ߦ᫪ᨋዪᐕᰴႎ๔ᦠౝߦឝߍ

ᒰߚߞߡ߽‫ޔ‬1965 ᐕᐲࠄࠇߡ޿ߚ[Krom pamai 1966㨪1970]‫ޕ‬એ㒠‫ޔ‬‫ޟ‬࿖᳃߇᫪ᨋ࿾ߩ

භ᦭↳๔ࠍឭ಴ߒߚ࿯࿾ߩ⺞ᩏ‫[ޠ‬Krom pamaiߎߩࠃ߁ߦᦨೋᦼߩᤨὐ߆ࠄ‫ޔ‬1964 ᐕ࿖᦭଻1965:40]‫ޟޔ‬࿖᦭଻ోᨋၞౝߦᮭ೑߿೑↪ࠍᜬߟ

ోᨋᴺ╙ 12 ᧦ߦ߽ߣߠߊ↳๔ࠍⴕߥߞߡ޿ߚ⠪― 42 ―

࠲ࠗ⎇ⓥ NO.7 2007߽⏕ታߦሽ࿷ߒߚ‫ߦࠇߎޔߒߛߚޕ‬ኻߒߡ‫߁ߎޔ‬ߔߢߦ⏕⹺ߒߚࠃ߁ߦ 1964 ᐕ࿖᦭଻ోᨋᴺߦ

ߒߚ↳๔߇┵߆ࠄ㗅⺞ߦಣℂߐࠇߡ޿ߚߩ߆ߣ

߽ߣߠߊᮭ೑࡮೑↪ߩ↳๔ߪ‫ߩߘޔ‬㗔ၞᜰቯ⋥ᓟ⸒߃߫‫ޕ޿ߥߪߢ߁ߘࠎ߱ߚޔ‬ዋߥߊߣ߽ 1970߆ࠄ⌕ታߦⓍߺ਄߇ߞߡ޿ߚ‫ޔߕࠄࠊ߆߆߽ߦޕ‬ᐕ߹ߢߪ‫ ╙ޔ‬12 ᧦ߦ߽ߣߠߊᮭ೑߿೑↪ߩ↳๔ߘࠇߦኻߔࠆᧄᩰ⊛ߥኻᔕ߇ߥߗߎߩࠃ߁ߦㆃߪනߦฃℂߐࠇߡ޿ߚߣ޿߁ߛߌ߆‫◲޿ߗ޿ߖޔ‬ࠇߚߩ߆‫⏕ޔ‬ታߥߣߎࠈߪਇ᣿ߢ޽ࠆ‫৻ޔ߇ߛޕ‬නߥ੐ታ⏕⹺ߥߤ߇ⴕߥࠊࠇߡ޿ߚ⒟ᐲߢ‫ޔ‬ᄙߊߟߩน⢻ᕈߣߒߡ⠨߃ࠄࠇࠆߩߪ‫ޔ‬1964 ᐕ࿖᦭ߪ૗ߩౕ૕⊛ߥክᩏ࡮᳿ቯ߽ਅߐࠇߡ޿ߥ߆ߞߚ

଻ోᨋᴺ߇ᣢሽㄘ࿾╬ߩಣℂߦᒰߚߞߡ೨ឭߣ

ߣ⠨߃ࠄࠇࠆ‫ޕ‬ߒߡ޿ߚ‫ޔ‬1954 ᐕ࿯࿾ᴺ஥ߩභ᦭⏕ቯࡊࡠ࠮ࠬ

ߎ߁⠨߃ࠆᩮ᜚ߪ‫ߋߔߩߎޔ‬ᓟߢ⸒෸ߔࠆ‫ޟ‬࿯߇ᧂߛ⚳ࠊߞߡ޿ߥ߆ߞߚߎߣߩᓇ㗀ߛ‫ޕ‬

࿾ᢛℂផㅴ੐ᬺ‫ޠ‬ඨ߫ߢ␜ߐࠇߚ‫ޔ‬ห੐ᬺߩታ❣

߽ߣ߽ߣ 1954 ᐕ࿯࿾ᴺ╙ 5 ᧦ߪ‫ߩߘޔ‬ᣉⴕ߆ႎ๔߿ታᣉ⋡ᮡౝߩᢙ୯ߦ޽ࠆ‫ޕ‬࿯࿾ዪ⊒ⴕߩ

ࠄ 180 ᣣએౝߩභ᦭๔⍮ࠍ࿯࿾ߩභ᦭࡮೑↪⠪ߦ‫ޟ‬࿯࿾ࠫࡖ࡯࠽࡞(warasan thidin)‫ޠ‬1971 ᐕ 3-4⟵ോઃߌߡ޿ߚ‫ޔߡߒߘޕ‬หᦼ㑆ౝߦ๔⍮ߒߥ޿᦬ภߦឝタߐࠇߚ‫ޟ‬ౝോ⋭ߩ࿯࿾ᢛℂផㅴ੐ᬺ‫ޠ‬႐วߪ‫ޔ‬ᮭ೑ࠍ᡼᫈ߒߚ߽ߩߣ⷗ߥߒ‫ޔ‬᡽ᐭߦߘߣ޿߁ႎ๔ߦࠃࠆߣ‫ޔ‬ห੐ᬺߪ 1970 ᐕᐲߛߌߢ

ߩ࿯࿾ࠍ෼↪ߔࠆᮭ㒢ࠍਈ߃ߡ޿ߚ‫ߒ߆ߒޕ‬หᤨ߽⚂ 225 ਁ࡜ࠗߦ෸߱࿖᦭଻ోᨋౝߩ࿯࿾ߩᮭ

ߦ‫ޔ‬หߓ╙ 5 ᧦ߢߪ‫࡯ࠦ࡯࠰ޟࠆࠁࠊ޿ޔ‬1 ๔⍮೑↳๔ࠍ⺞ᩏ࡮⸽᣿ߒ‫ࠍࠇߘߦ⊛⚳ᦨޔ‬฽߼ߡߩᑧᦼฃℂ(kanphonphan kanceng so.kho.1)‫ޠ‬

2,100 ਁ࡜ࠗߦ෸߱࿯࿾ߩ⺞ᩏࠍ⋡ᮡߣߒߡ޿ߚ

[Phatkon 1993:294-297]߽ฦ⋵ߩ⍮੐ߦኻߒߡ

ߣߐࠇࠆ[Wathana 1971:49-54]‫ޔ߫ࠇߔߣޕ‬ᒰᤨ⹺߼ߡ޿ߚ‫࡯ࠦ࡯࠰ޟߩߎޕ‬1 ๔⍮ߩᑧᦼฃℂ‫ޠ‬ߩ࿖᦭଻ోᨋᜰቯ㕙Ⓧ߿ᜰቯ⁁ᘒߣ㊀ߨวࠊߖߩ‫ޟޔ‬᫪ᨋ࿾‫ޠ‬ౝߢߩਇ⸵น߇ᦨ⚳⊛ߦㅢ㆐ߐࠇ

ߡ್ᢿߒߡ(࿑-2)‫ޔ‬ዋߥߊߣ߽ห੐ᬺ߇ᆎ߹ࠆ

ߚߩߪ‫ޔ‬
1970 ᐕ 4 ᦬ߩߎߣߛߞߚ[mt 0610/w.144

1970 ᐕ㗃߹ߢ‫ޔ‬਄⸥ߩࠃ߁ߥ࿯࿾ߩ⺞ᩏ࡮⸽᣿

3/4/1970]‫ޕ‬ߪ߶ߣࠎߤㅴࠎߢ޿ߥ߆ߞߚߣ⠨߃ߡ߽ήℂߪ
ߥ޿ߛࠈ߁‫ޕ‬ߣߎࠈߢ‫ߩߘޔ‬ℂ↱ߪߣ߽߆ߊ‫ޔ‬࿖᦭଻ోᨋᜰ
ቯ㗔ၞౝߩᮭ೑࡮೑↪↳๔ߩಣℂ߇ㆃࠇߚߣ޿߁

‫ޟ‬࿯࿾ᢛℂផㅴ੐ᬺ(Khrongkan rengrat cat੐ታ⥄૕ߪ‫ޔ‬1969 ᐕ 12 ᦬ߦ‫ޟ‬࿯࿾ᢛℂផㅴ੐ᬺ‫ޠ‬thidin)‫ޔߪޠ‬ౝോ⋭࿯࿾ዪߩឭ಴᩺ߦ߽ߣߠ߈

߇⊒⿷ߒߚߎߣߣ⏕ታߦ㑐ଥߒߡ޿ࠆ‫ޔࠅ߹ߟޕ‬1969 ᐕ 12 ᦬ 9 ᣣߦߘߩ⊒⿷߇㑑⼏᳿ቯߐࠇߚ߽

⴫-5 ߩ 1969 ᐕߩߣߎࠈߦ⸥ߒߚ‫ޔ‬ᒰᤨ㊁ౄ╙ 1ߩߢ‫ߦߢߔޔ‬࿖᦭଻ోᨋᜰቯߐࠇߡ޿ࠆ㗔ၞౝߩౄߛߞߚ᳃ਥౄߩᴺ᩺ឭ಴ߩേ߈ߣ⚿߮ઃ޿ߡᮭ೑ߩ⺞ᩏ࡮⸽᣿ࠍ‫ޔ‬ౣఝవߦⴕߥ߁ߎߣࠍ⋡⊛޿ߚ‫߽ߘ߽ߘޕ‬࿯࿾ᢛℂផㅴ੐ᬺߩࠃ߁ߥᄢࡊࡠߣ ߒ ߚ ࡊ ࡠ ࠫ ࠚ ࠢ ࠻ ߢ ޽ ߞ ߚ [sr. 0403/18501

ࠫࠚࠢ࠻ࠍ┙ߜ਄ߍࠆߎߣ⥄૕ߪ‫ߦ⿷⊒ߩߘޔ‬㆚12/12/1969]‫ޔߪࠇߘޔߚ߹ޕ‬ᒰೋ᫪ᨋዪߢߪߥ

ࠆߎߣ 5 ࡨ᦬೨ߩ 1969 ᐕ 7 ᦬ߦߪ㑑⼏ᛚ⹺ߐࠇߊ࿯࿾ዪࠍਥዉᯏ㑐ߣߒ‫ޔ‬ೋᐕᐲಽ(1970 ᐕᐲ)ߡ޿ߚ[sr. 0403/9778 10/7/1969]‫ߩߘޕ‬㓙‫ޔ‬࿯࿾

ߛߌߢ 1,600 ਁࡃ࡯࠷ߩ੍▚ࠍ⸘਄ߒߚ‫࡮⋭ޔ‬ዪዪ߆ࠄ಴ߐࠇߡ޿ߚ㑑⼏᳿ቯේ᩺ߩਛߦ‫࡮ࠗࡗޔ‬ࠍᮮᢿߔࠆᄢⷙᮨߥ੐ᬺߢ߽޽ߞߚ[ห਄]‫ޕ‬ࠨ࠙ࠖ࠶࠲࠴ࡖ࡯࠻(᳃ਥౄ)⼏ຬࠄߦࠃࠆ‫ޟ‬࿯࿾

― 43 ―

࠲ࠗߦ߅ߌࠆ‫ޟ‬᫪ᨋ࿾‫ޠ‬ౝㄘ࿾ᒻᚑ࡮⛽ᜬߩೋᦼ⊛ࡔࠞ࠾࠭ࡓ

ᢛℂ․೎ᴺ‫ޠ‬ᴺ᩺ឭ಴ߣߘࠇࠍᎼࠆ⼏ળߢߩ߿ࠅ

ᶖߒߩᣇ߇ᅷᒰߢ޽ࠇ߫‫ޔ‬એᓟߘߩࠃ߁ߦߔࠆ‫ޕ‬ขࠅ߇‫ߦ࠻ࠢࠚࠫࡠࡊޔ‬ะߌߚേ߈ߩ߈ߞ߆ߌߦ

ԛ࿖᦭଻ోᨋᴺ(╙ 12 ᧦)ߦ߽ߣߠߊ↳๔⠪ߢ‫࠰ޔ‬ߥ ߞ ߚ ߣ ᣿ ⸥ ߐ ࠇ ߡ ޿ ࠆ [mt. 0602/7197

࡯ࠦ࡯1 ߩਇᚲᜬ⠪ߦߟ޿ߡߪ‫ޔ‬೑↪⁁ᘒߦᔕߓ

7/7/1969]‫ޕ‬ߡᬌ⸛ߒ‫ߦߢߔޔ‬೑↪ߒߡ޿ࠆߥࠄ‫ޔ‬Ԛߣห᭽ߩ

12 ᐕ߱ࠅߣߥߞߚ 1969 ᐕߩ✚ㆬ᜼߆ࠄ⚂ 2 ࡨේೣߢዬ૑ߐߖ‫ޔ‬ㅒߦ೑↪ߒߡ޿ߥ޿ߥࠄ‫ޔ‬ᅤ૗᦬ᓟߩࠨࠗࡗࡓ࡜࠶࠻⚕ߪ‫✬ߩߘޔ‬㓸ࠦ࡜ࡓ╬ߩߥࠆᮭ೑߽ਈ߃ߥ޿[sr. 0403/18501 12/12/1969]‫ޕ‬ਛߢ‫ޔ‬2 ᦬ߩㆬ᜼ߢ᳃ਥౄߥߤߩ᡽ౄ߇࿖᦭଻ో

ߎ߁ߒߚ⺞ᢛේೣࠍ⠨ᘦߔࠆ㒢ࠅ‫ޔ‬࿯࿾ᢛℂផᨋ໧㗴ࠍ㓸␿(ha siang)ߩ㆏ౕߣߒߡ૶ߞߡ޿ߚ

ㅴ੐ᬺߩ⊒⿷࡮ታᣉߩᤨὐߢߪ‫ߦߛᧂޔ‬ឃઁ⊛଻ߣᦠ޿ߡ޿ࠆ[Sayam rat 9/4/1969]‫ߩߘ߿߹޿ޕ‬ోᨋ࿾▤ℂߩ೨ឭ߇ᵴ߈ߡ޿ߡ‫ߩߘޔ‬ේೣ߇᡼᫈

⌀னߪቯ߆ߢߪߥ޿߇‫ޔ‬ዋߥߊߣ߽⃻࿷߽ᱷࠆߐࠇߡ޿ߚ⸶ߢߪߥ߆ߞߚߣ⸒߃ࠆ‫ࠇߘޔߪߢޕ‬‫ޟ‬࿯࿾ᢛℂ․೎ᴺ‫ޠ‬ᴺ᩺ክ⼏ᤨߩ⼏੐㍳ࠍ⺒߻㒢߇ߥߗ⴫-5 ߩ 1974 ᐕ 8 ᦬ߩ᫪ᨋ᧛੐ᬺᛚ⹺᳿⼏‫ޔ‬ࠅ‫ޔ‬ታ㓙ߦᒰᤨߩ᳃ਥౄ߇‫ޟ‬ਇᒰߥ଻ోᨋᜰቯ‫ޠ‬߽ߒߊߪ࿖᦭଻ోᨋౝߦㄘ࿾╬ߩ൮฽ࠍኈ⹺ߔ

߿‫ޟ‬࿾೛੤ઃߩㆃࠇ‫⺰ߚߞ޿ߣޠ‬ℂߢ‫․ޔ‬೎ᴺ೙ࠆ㑑⼏᳿ቯ߳ߣะ߆ߞߚߩ߆ߣ⸒߃߫‫ߪߦߟ৻ޔ‬ቯߩᔅⷐᕈࠍჿ㜞ߦ⸷߃ߡ޿ߚὐߛߌߪ⏕⹺ߢએਅߦ⸥ߔ৻ㅪߩ੐ታዷ㐿‫ޔ‬᭴࿑߇޽ߞߚߚ߼ߛ‫ޕ‬߈ ࠆ [Samnakganߔߥࠊߜ‫ߕ߹ޔ‬࿯࿾ᢛℂផㅴ੐ᬺߩㅴ᝞ߦ઻޿‫ޔ‬

lekhathikan

rathasapha

1969:341-396]‫ޕ‬੐ᬺਥ૕஥ߩᒰೋߩ੍ᗐࠍⷒߔ⺞ᩏ⚿ᨐ߇᣿ࠄ߆ߦߥࠅ‫ߩ࠻ࠢࠚࠫࡠࡊ߇ࠇߘޔ‬ਥዉᮭࠍីࠆ⚵3) ⛽ᜬߐࠇߚឃઁ⊛଻ోᨋ࿾▤ℂߩේೣߣᄢⷙ

❱ߩ੤ઍߦ➁߇ߞߚ‫ౕޕ‬૕⊛ߦ⸒߃߫‫ޔ‬࿯࿾ᢛℂ

ᮨ࿯࿾⺞ᢛ੐ᬺߩ⚿ᨐផㅴ੐ᬺߩࡋࠥࡕ࠾࡯ࠍីࠆ⚵❱߇࿯࿾ዪ߆ࠄ

⹤ࠍᧄ╭߳ߣㅴ߼ࠃ߁‫ޕ‬࿯࿾ᢛℂផㅴ੐ᬺߢߪ‫ޔ‬᫪ᨋዪ߳ߣᄌᦝߐࠇߚ‫ޔߚ߹ޕ‬ᒰೋߩ੍ᗐࠍⷒߒ

࿖᦭଻ోᨋၞౝㄘ࿾╬ߦ㑐ߔࠆ྾ߟߩ⺞ᢛේೣߚ⺞ᩏ⚿ᨐߪ‫⥄ࠇߘߦߢߔޔ‬૕ߢห੐ᬺሽ⛯ߩ೨߇⸳ቯߐࠇߚ‫ޕ‬Ԙ଻ోᨋᜰቯ೨⊒ⴕߩࡁ࡯࠰࡯3ឭࠍំࠆ߇ߔᣇะߦ߽૞↪ߒߡ޿ߚ߇‫⚿ޔ‬ዪ‫ߘޔ‬߿࠴ࡖࡁ࡯࠻ߩᚲᜬ⠪ߩᮭ೑ߦߪ‫ޔ‬૗ࠄߩᓇ㗀߽߁ߒߚੑߟߩⷐ࿃߇㊀ߥࠅว߁ਛߢ‫ߩߣ߽ޔ‬࿯࿾෸߫ߥ޿‫ߩߘޕ‬࿯࿾ߪ଻ోᨋᜰቯၞ߆ࠄ㒰ᄖߐࠇ

ᢛℂផㅴ੐ᬺ⥄૕ߪ⒟ߥߊߘߩᆫࠍᶖߒߚ‫ߒߘޕ‬ࠆ‫ޕ‬ԙ࠰࡯ࠦ࡯1 ߩᚲᜬ⠪ߢ‫ޔ‬࿖᦭଻ోᨋᴺ(╙ߡ‫ޔ‬᫪ᨋዪߩ೑ኂߣᒰᤨߩ᡽ᖱߣࠍ෻ᤋߔࠆᒻߢ

12 ᧦)ߦ߽ߣߠߊ↳๔⠪ߦ㑐ߒߡߪ‫ߩߘޔ‬೑↪ታᣂߚߦ⊓႐ߒߡ߈ߚߩ߇‫ޔ‬᫪ᨋ᧛੐ᬺߩᛚ⹺ࠍ฽

ᘒࠍᬌ⸛ߔࠆ‫ޔߚ߹ޕ‬ห▸⇵⠪ߦߪ੹ᯏળߦࡁ࡯

ࠎߛ 1974 ᐕ 8 ᦬ߩ㑑⼏᳿ቯߛߞߚ‫ޕ‬એਅ‫ߩߎޔ‬࠰࡯3 ⊒ⴕߩ↳⺧ࠍߐߖࠆ‫ޕ‬Ԛ࠰࡯ࠦ࡯1 ߩ᦭ήࠃ߁ߥ৻ㅪߩ੐ታዷ㐿‫ޔ‬᭴࿑ߦߟ޿ߡ‫ⶄޔ‬ᢙ㗄ߦߦ߆߆ࠊࠄߕ‫ޔ‬ਇ↳๔⠪ߦኻߒߡߪᧂߛᮭ೑ࠍਈ

ᷰࠅ⸥ㅀߒߡ޿ߎ߁‫ޕ‬߃ࠆߎߣߪߒߥ޿‫ޔߒ⾉⾓ߪߕ߃޽ࠅߣޔߒߛߚޕ‬ߥ߅‫ޔߣߊ߅ߡ޿ᦠߦ߁ࠃ޿ߥߩ⸃⺋߼੍ޔ‬

߽ߒߊߪᴺᓞߦ߽ߣߠߊᢱ㊄ࠍขߞߡߩዬ૑࡮೑

1974 ᐕ 8 ᦬ߩ᳿⼏એ㒠߽‫ޔ‬࿖᦭଻ోᨋᴺ╙ 12 ᧦↪⸵นࠍᬌ⸛ߒ‫ޔ‬ዬ૑࿾࡮↢ᬺ࿾߇Ḱ஻ߢ߈ߚࠄ‫ޔ‬ߦ߽ߣߠߊᮭ೑↳๔⠪ߩ⺞ᩏ࡮⸽᣿ߩࡊࡠ࠮ࠬ⥄ߘߎߦ⒖േߔࠆ‫ో଻ߒ߽ޔߪ޿ࠆ޽ޕ‬ᨋၞߩขࠅ

૕ߪ‫ޔ‬ᒁ߈⛯߈ሽ࿷ߒ⛯ߌߡ޿ߚ‫ޕ‬1975 ᐕߦ᫪― 44 ―

࠲ࠗ⎇ⓥ NO.7 2007ᨋዪౝߦ࿖᦭଻ోᨋ࿾⺞ᢛㇱ߇⸳⟎ߐࠇࠆ߇‫ߎޔ‬౉⠪ߦኻߒߡ࿯࿾ࠍ↪ᗧߢ߈ߡ޿ߥ޿ߩߢ‫ߩߎޔ‬ߩᣂㇱ⟑ߩਥⷐᬺോߩ৻ߟߪ‫ ╙ߦߐ߹ޔ‬12 ᧦ߦ੐ᬺߩᚑᨐߪනߦਇᴺଚ౉⠪ᢙ࡮ห㕙Ⓧࠍ⺞ߴߚ߽ߣߠߊᮭ೑ߩ⺞ᩏ࡮⸽᣿ߛߞߚ[Kong catkanߣ޿߁ߛߌߛ‫ޕ‬ਇᴺଚ౉࿾ߩᄢඨߪ᫪ᨋ࿾ߢ޽ࠅ‫ޔ‬thidin pa saguan heng chat 1981:3-5]‫ߢߎߎޕ‬ᒝߒߚ߇ߞߡߘߎ߆ࠄ㧔ଚ౉⠪ࠍ㧕಴ߒߡ⒖േߔࠆ⺞ߒߡ߅߈ߚ޿ߩߪ‫ޔ‬1974 ᐕ 8 ᦬એ㒠‫ޔ‬࿖᦭଻ߣ޿߁໧㗴߇޽ࠆ‫ᤨ⃻ޕ‬ὐߢߪ᧦ઙࠍ✭๺ߒߡߘ

ోᨋᴺ╙ 12 ᧦ߦ߽ߣߠߊᮭ೑↳๔⠪ߩ⺞ᩏ࡮⸽ߩ߹߹ዬߐߖߡ޿ࠆ߇‫ࠄߚߞߥߦߟ޿ޔ‬⒖േߔࠆ

᣿ㆊ⒟‫ޔ‬૞ᬺ⥄૕߇ᶖṌߔࠆߣ޿߁ߎߣߢߪߥߊ‫ޔ‬ᯏળ߇޽ࠆߩ߆ࠊ߆ࠄߕ‫ߩߘޔ‬೑↪ߪ㐳ߊߥࠇ߫೨‫ޘ‬Ბߦ⸥ߒߚࠃ߁ߥភ⟎ේೣ‫ߦ․ޔ‬Ԛ߿ԛߩࠃ

ߥࠆ߶ߤၷ࿕ߦߥࠆ‫ߩߎޔߕࠄࠊ߆߆߽ߦޕ‬੐ᬺ߁ߥේೣ߽ᜬߜ‫ߟ߆ޔ‬ᄢⷙᮨߦዷ㐿ߐࠇߚ‫ޟ‬࿯࿾

ߢߪਇᴺଚ౉⠪ࠍ᫪ᨋ࿾߆ࠄ಴ߒ‫ޔ‬࿯࿾ࠍᣂߚߦ

ᢛℂផㅴ੐ᬺ‫߇ޠ‬ᆫࠍᶖߔߣ޿߁ߎߣߛ‫ޕ‬ਈ߃ࠆߎߣߦᧂߛߦ㐳޿ᤨ㑆ߣᄙ㗵ߩ੍▚ࠍ⾌ᒰೋ‫ޔ‬1970 ᐕᐲ߆ࠄ 72 ᐕᐲ߹ߢߩ 3 ᐕ⸘↹ߢ߿ߐߥߌࠇ߫ߥࠄߥ޿[sr 0203/12375 31/8/1973]‫ޕ‬ࠬ࠲࡯࠻ߒߚ࿯࿾ᢛℂផㅴ੐ᬺߪߘߩᓟ‫ޔ‬ౝോ⋭࿯࿾ዪࠍਥዉᯏ㑐ߣߔࠆᓥ᧪ߩ૕೙ߩ߹߹ߢ 1 ᐕ4) ឃઁ⊛଻ోᨋ࿾▤ℂේೣߩ᡼᫈‫ޔ‬‫ޟ‬᫪ᨋ࿾‫ޠ‬ౝ㑆ᑧ㐳ߐࠇߚᓟ‫ޔ‬1973 ᐕ 8 ᦬‫ߦ․ޔ‬ห੐ᬺߩ᫪

ㄘ࿾ߩኈ⹺᡽╷ߣߒߡߩ᫪ᨋ᧛੐ᬺߩ಴⃻ᨋၞㇱಽࠍಾࠅ㔌ߔᒻߢ‫ߩߘޔ‬᫪ᨋዪ߳ߩ▤ロ⒖ߎ߁ߒߚ࿯࿾ᢛℂផㅴ੐ᬺߦኻߔࠆౝോ⋭஥ߩ⼑߇㑑⼏ੌᛚߐࠇߚ[sr 0203/12375 31/8/1973]‫ޕ‬✚᜝߅ࠃ߮໧㗴ὐߩ․ቯ߆ࠄ‫ޔ‬
߶߷ 1 ᐕᓟߩ 1974᫪ᨋၞߣ޿߁ਛᩭㇱಽߩ⒖⼑߇ᛚ⹺ߐࠇࠆ㓙‫ޔ‬1

ᐕ 7 ᦬‫ޔ‬᫪ᨋዪߪ‫ޟ‬᳗ਭߦ᫪ᨋ⾗Ḯࠍ଻⼔ߔࠆߚᐕᓟߩ᫪ᨋዪߦࠃࠆ᡽╷ኻᔕࠍᥧ␜ߔࠆࠃ߁ߥ‫ޔ‬߼ ߩ ᡽ ╷ ‫ ߣ ޠ‬㗴 ߔ ࠆ ේ ᩺ ࠍ ౝ 㑑 ߦ ឭ ಴ ߒ [ks.

࿯࿾ᢛℂផㅴ੐ᬺߦኻߔࠆ✚᜝ᢥᦠ߇ౝോ⋭஥

0704/13419 23/7/1974]‫ޔ‬⠉ 8 ᦬ߦ㑑⼏ᛚ⹺ࠍฃ߆ࠄౝ㑑ߦឭ಴ߐࠇߡ޿ߚ‫ޕ‬ߌߡ޿ߚ[sr. 0203/15138 16/8/1974]‫ޕ‬వㅀߒߚࠃ

ߘߩਥߥ⺰ὐߪᰴߩ੖ߟߛߞߚ‫ޕ‬Ԙ㧔⺞ᩏ࡮⸽߁ߦ‫ߩߎޔ‬᳿⼏ౝߢߩ᫪ᨋ᧛੐ᬺផㅴߣ޿߁ᣇ㊎᣿ߩኻ⽎ߣߥߞߚ⠪ߩ㧕ᄙߊߪਇᴺଚ౉⠪ߢ‫ޔ‬ᮭߩឭ␜ߣ⛊߼ߡೋ߼ߡ‫ߩࠗ࠲ޔ‬᫪ᨋⴕ᡽ߪᄢ‫⊛ޘ‬೑ࠍᜬߟ⠪ߪዋߥ޿ 7㧕‫ޕ‬ԙᮭ೑ߩ⺞ᩏ࡮⸽᣿ߦߪ

߆ߟᜬ⛯⊛ߥᒻߢ㨬᫪ᨋ࿾㨭ౝߦㄘ࿾߇ሽ࿷ߒ⛯ᄙߊߩ੍▚߇߆߆ࠅ‫੹ߒ߽ޔ‬ᓟ߽⛯ߌࠆߥࠄ‫ޔ‬ዋߌࠆߎߣࠍኈ⹺ߒߚ‫ޕ‬ߥߊߣ߽޽ߣ 5,000 ਁࡃ࡯࠷ߪᔅⷐߛ‫ޕ‬Ԛ੍▚⁁᫪ᨋዪឭ಴ߩ‫ޟ‬᳗ਭߦ᫪ᨋ⾗Ḯࠍ଻⼔ߔࠆߚ߼ᴫ߇ㅼㄼߒߡ޿ࠆߩߦ‫੹ޔ‬ᓟߎߩ੐ᬺߦߪ⩨ᄢߥߩ᡽╷‫ޔߪޠ‬ᄢ߈ߊߪ੖ߟߩ㗄⋡࡮ឭ᩺߆ࠄߥߞ

੍▚ߣᄙߊߩᤨ㑆ࠍᔅⷐߣߔࠆ‫ޔ‬ᣂߚߥ࿯࿾ߩḰߡ޿ߚ‫ޕ‬Ԙ࿖᳃ߦኻߔࠆ࿯࿾ಽ㈩ࠍᕆߋߎߣ‫ޔ‬ԙ஻ߣߘߎ߳ߩੱߩ⒖േߣ޿߁Ბ㓏߇޽ࠆ‫ޕ‬ԛᅤ૗

࿖᳃ߩਇᴺଚ౉ߢ⨹ᑄߒߚ࿖᦭଻ోᨋ߅ࠃ᳗߮

ߥࠆ߽ߩߛࠈ߁ߣ‫ޔ‬ਇᴺଚ౉⠪ߦᮭ೑ࠍਈ߃ࠆߎ

ਭᨋߩขࠅᛒ޿‫ޔ‬Ԛ᫪ᨋ⾗Ḯ଻⼔࠮ࡦ࠲࡯ߩ⸳┙‫ޔ‬ߣߪ‫ޔ‬೎ߩ⠪ߩਇᴺଚ౉ࠍഥ㐳ߔࠆ‫ޕ‬ਇᴺଚ౉ࠍ

ԛબណࠦࡦ࠮࠶࡚ࠪࡦේೣߩ⺞ᢛ‫ޔ‬Ԝේᢱߣߒߡ

ฃߌ‫ࠍࠇߘޔ‬ᒰዪ஥߇ᓟ߆ࠄ⸵ኈߒ᧦ઙࠍ✭߼ߡᧁ᧚ࠍ↪޿ࠆ↥ᬺߦ㑐ߒߡߢ޽ࠆ‫ߎޔߜ߁ߩߎޕ‬޿ߊߩߢߪ‫ޔ‬᫪ᨋ࿾ߩ⛽ᜬ▤ℂ⢻ജߦਇ⿷ߩ޽ࠆ

ߎߢߩ⼏⺰ߣ⋥ធ㑐ଥߒߡ޿ߚߩߪ‫ޔ‬Ԙߣԙߢ‫ޔ‬⃻⁁ߢߪਇᴺଚ౉ࠍ㒖ᱛߒࠃ߁߇ߥ޿‫ޕ‬Ԝਇᴺଚ

․ߦԙߛߞߚ‫ޕ‬― 45 ―

࠲ࠗߦ߅ߌࠆ‫ޟ‬᫪ᨋ࿾‫ޠ‬ౝㄘ࿾ᒻᚑ࡮⛽ᜬߩೋᦼ⊛ࡔࠞ࠾࠭ࡓ

᫪ᨋዪߪ‫ޔ‬Ԙߢ‫ޔ‬ታ㓙ߦߘߩ㕙Ⓧ୯ࠍ᜼ߍߥ߇

᜚߽ᜬߚߥ޿࿯࿾ߪ‫ో଻ޔ‬ᨋᜰቯ⸃㒰߿ᮭ೑⊒ⴕࠄ‫ߦߢߔޔ‬ᐢ▸ߥ᳗ਭᨋၞࠍ࿯࿾ಽ㈩᡽╷↪ߦઁߩኻ⽎ߦߪߥࠄߥ޿߇‫ޔ‬᫪ᨋ᧛੐ᬺታᣉߩኻ⽎ߦዪߦᑫߒߚὐࠍᒝ⺞ߒߟߟ‫ޔ‬࿯࿾໧㗴ߩ⸃᳿ߩߚ

ߪߥࠆ‫್ߣޠ‬ᢿߒߚ޽ࠆ⋵ߩ࿖᦭଻ోᨋᆔຬળ߇‫ޔ‬߼ߦߪ଀ᄖࠍ㒰߈‫ߚߒ߁ߘߪߕ߹ޔ‬࿯࿾ߢߩㄦㅦ

᫪ᨋዪਛᄩߦߘ߁ߒߚ್ᢿߩᤚ㕖ࠍ዆ߨߚ‫ࠇߎޕ‬߆ߟ᦭ലߥ࿯࿾ಽ㈩ߩᣇࠍఝవߒߡㅴ߼ࠆߴ߈

ߦኻߒߡ‫ޔ‬᫪ᨋዪਛᄩߪ‫⸽ޔ‬᜚ࠍᜬߚߥߊߣ߽࿖

ߛߣਥᒛߒ‫ߩߘޔ‬਄ߢԙߢ‫ޔ‬ԙߩ㗔ၞߦߟ޿ߡߩ

᦭଻ోᨋᴺ╙ 12 ᧦ߦ߽ߣߠ߈↳๔ߒߡ޿ࠇ߫‫ޔ‬ౕ૕⊛ߥភ⟎ේೣࠍឭ␜ߒߚ‫ޕ‬᫪ᨋዪߪ‫ޔ‬ԙߩ㗔⋭઎ߦ߽ߣߠߊᢱ㊄ߩᡰᛄ޿߿᳓Ḯၞᄖߦ޽ࠆ

ၞࠍ᳓Ḯᨋ࿾ߥߤߩ‫੹ޟ‬ᓟ߽଻⼔ߒߥߌࠇ߫ߥࠄ

ߎߣࠍ೨ឭߦ‫ߢߎߘޔ‬᫪ᨋ᧛੐ᬺࠍ㐿ᆎߔࠆ߹ߢ

ߥ޿᫪ᨋ࿾‫᧦ޟߣޠ‬ઙࠍ✭๺ߒߡ࿖᳃ߦዬ૑࡮ㄘ

ᒁ߈⛯߈‫ߩߘޔ‬ዬ૑࡮೑↪ࠍ⹺߼ࠆߣ޿߁ᣇ㊎ࠍ↪ߐߖࠆ᫪ᨋ࿾‫ߦޠ‬ಽߌ‫᧦ޟߦࠄߐޔ‬ઙࠍ✭๺ߒㅢ㆐ߒߡ޿ߚ[ks. 0811/1941 7/2/1977]‫ޔࠅ߹ߟޕ‬ߡ࿖᳃ߦዬ૑࡮ㄘ↪ߐߖࠆ᫪ᨋ࿾‫ޟࠍޠ‬᫪ᨋዪߣᦨ⚳⊛ߦߪ਄⸥ߩࠃ߁ߥ▸⇵ߩ࿯࿾߽ߒߊߪߘ

ᨋ↥౏␠ߦࠃࠆᬀᨋࡊ࡜ࡦ࠹࡯࡚ࠪࡦ੐ᬺߩ᫪

ߩභ᦭⠪ࠍ߽‫ޔ‬᫪ᨋ᧛੐ᬺߩኻ⽎ߦ฽ࠎߢࠁߊᣇ

ᨋ࿾‫ޟߣޠ‬ᬀᨋࡊ࡜ࡦ࠹࡯࡚ࠪࡦߦߢ߈ߥ޿᫪ᨋ

㊎ࠍ␜ߒߚ‫ߚߒ߁ߎޔߚ߹ޕ‬ᣇ㊎ߪ‫ޔ‬ᓟߩ࠰࡯࠻

๟ㄝ‫ߦߣޠ‬඙ಽߒߚ‫ޔߡߒߘޕ‬೨⠪ࠍ᫪ᨋ᧛੐ᬺ

࡯ࠦ࡯੐ᬺᤨߦߪ৻ጀ᣿⏕ߦߐࠇࠆߣߣ߽ߦ[ks.

ߩኻ⽎࿾‫ޔ‬ᓟ⠪ࠍㄘ᳃࿅૕࡮⚵❱߳ߩ⒖⼑ኻ⽎࿾

0705(2)/11559 28/6/1982]‫ޔ‬᫪ᨋዪߦࠃߞߡ‫࠰ޟ‬ߣߔࠆᣇ㊎ࠍ␜ߒߚ[ks. 0704/13419 23/7/1974]‫ޕ‬࡯࠻࡯ࠦ࡯⸽ᦠ‫ߣޠ‬๭߫ࠇࠆ৻⒳ߩ↪⋉ᮭߐ߃⊒᫪ᨋ᧛੐ᬺߣߪ‫ޔ‬᫪ᨋⴕ᡽ᒰዪ஥ߩᬀᨋ૞ᬺߦ

ⴕߐࠇߚ‫ޕ‬ෳടߔࠆ਎Ꮺߦ৻ቯߩ⑔೑ߣᮭ೑ࠍਈ߃‫ߩߘޔ‬ഭ௛ജࠍ೑↪ߒߡᬀᨋࡊ࡜ࡦ࠹࡯࡚ࠪࡦ࿾ߩ⌕ታ5) ឃઁ⊛଻ోᨋ࿾▤ℂේೣߩ᡼᫈ߣ᫪ᨋⴕ᡽ߩ

ߥㅧᚑࠍ࿑ࠈ߁ߣ޿߁߽ߩߛߞߚ‫⑔߁⸒ߢߎߎޕ‬᦭ߒߚઁߩ᡽╷ㆬᛯⷐ࿃೑ߣߪቇᩞ߿㆏〝ߥߤߩ␠ળ࡮ᑪ⸳ࠗࡦࡈ࡜ߩᢛ

એ਄‫ޔ‬1974 ᐕ 7 ᦬ߩ㑑⼏ේ᩺ߩԙ߿ߘߩᓟߩㅢ

஻ߩߎߣߢ‫ޔ‬ᮭ೑ߣߪߘߩ⋧⛯߇ⷫᣖߩߺߦ㒢ࠄ㆐ߩਛߢ‫ޔ‬᫪ᨋዪߪߘࠇ߹ߢߩឃઁ⊛‫ޟ‬᫪ᨋ࿾‫ޠ‬ࠇߚ߇‫ޔ‬ዬ૑ᮭ߇ઃਈߐࠇࠆߎߣߦട߃‫ޔ‬ಽ㈩࿾

▤ℂߩ೨ឭࠍォ឵ߔࠆᣇ㊎ࠍ␜ߒߚߣߣ߽ߦ‫ޔ‬࿑߿৻ㇱߩᬀᨋ࿾ߦㄘ૞‛ࠍᬀ߃ࠆߎߣ߇ߢ߈ࠆ

-3 ߢ⸒߃߫‫ޠߒߥޟ‬㗄ߩ‫ޟ‬٤‫ޔޠ‬࿯࿾ᢛℂផㅴ੐ߣ޿߁߽ߩߛߞߚ‫ ╙ޕ‬4 ᰴ⚻ᷣ␠ળ㐿⊒⸘↹ౝߩᬺᤨߩភ⟎ේೣߛߣԛߩ࿯࿾߿ߘߩභ᦭⠪ࠍ߽‫ޔ‬‫ޟ‬࿯࿾ߦ㑐ߔࠆ(᡽ᐭߩ)໧㗴⸃᳿ᣇᴺ‫⴫߁޿ߣޠ‬‫ޟ‬᫪ᨋ࿾‫ޠ‬ౝߦ൮฽ߒ⛯ߌࠆߎߣߦ㆏ࠍߟߌߚ‫ޕ‬⾗ᢱߦࠃࠆߣ[www.nesdb.go.th/plan/data/plan4ߎߩߎߣ߇‫ᧄޔ‬Ⓜ߇࠲ࠗߢߩ‫ޟ‬᫪ᨋ࿾‫ޠ‬ᜰቯ࿾ౝ/content_page.html:152-153]‫ߚߒ߁ߎޔ‬᫪ᨋ᧛੐ㄘ࿾ߩᒻᚑ࡮⛽ᜬߩೋᦼ⊛ࡔࠞ࠾࠭ࡓࠍ⸥ߔߦᒰ

ᬺߩኻ⽎࿾ߣߒߡ‫ޔ‬1976 ᐕ߆ࠄߩ 5 ᐕ㑆ߦ 2,57ߚࠅ‫⴫ޔ‬-5 ਛߩᦨೋߩਅ✢ઃ᡽╷߿ߘࠇߦ㑐ㅪߔ

0 ਁ࡜ࠗߣ޿߁ታᣉ⋡ᮡ㕙Ⓧ߇⸳ቯߐࠇߚ‫ޕ‬ࠆㅢ㆐ࠍ৻ߟߩᏫ⌕ὐߣߒߚℂ↱ߢ޽ࠆ‫ޕ‬೨‫ޘ‬Ბߩࠃ߁ߥߏߊᄢᨒߣߒߡߩේೣߦട߃‫ޔ‬ߣߎࠈߢ‫ޔߦ߁ࠃߚߒ␜ߢߢ߹ߎߎޔ‬਄⸥ߩࠃ᫪ᨋዪߪᰴߩࠃ߁ߥ᫪ᨋ᧛੐ᬺߩኻ⽎࿾࡮ኻ⽎⠪߁ߥ᡽╷߇⊓႐ߒߡ߈ߚ⢛᥊ߦߪ‫ޔ‬᣿ࠄ߆ߦ࿯࿾

ߦ㑐ߔࠆᣇ㊎߽ឭ␜ߒߡ޿ߚ‫ޟޕ‬භ᦭⠪߇૗ߩ⸽

ᢛℂផㅴ੐ᬺᤨߩ⺞ᩏ⚿ᨐߩᓇ㗀߇޽ߞߚ߇‫ઁޔ‬― 46 ―

࠲ࠗ⎇ⓥ NO.7 2007ߦ߽޿ߊߟ߆ߩⷐ࿃߇⠨߃ࠄࠇࠆ‫ᦨޕ‬ᓟߦߘࠇࠄ

ߞߡ޿ߚߣหᤨߦ‫ޟޔ‬᫪ᨋ࿾‫ޠ‬ౝߦ߽ߣ߆ࠄ޽ࠆ

ߦߟ޿ߡ߽⸅ࠇߡ߅ߎ߁‫ޕ‬઒ߦߎߎ߹ߢ߇࠲ࠗߢ

㓸⪭╬߇᜛ᄢ࡮ၷ࿕ൻߔࠆ㧔ߒߟߟ޽ࠆ㧕ߎߣࠍߩ‫ޟ‬᫪ᨋ࿾‫ޠ‬ౝㄘ࿾ᒻᚑ࡮⛽ᜬߩೋᦼ⊛ࡔࠞ࠾߽࠭ᗧ๧ߒߡ޿ߚ‫ޔࠅ߹ߟޕ‬બណ᡽╷ߩォ឵‫ޔ‬ᄢⷙࡓࠍ⺑᣿ߔࠆ৻ᧄߩ❑♻ߣ⷗ߥߖࠆዷ㐿ߛߣߒᮨબណߩ㐿ᆎߦࠃࠅ‫⃻ޔ‬႐ߩ‫ޟ‬᫪ᨋ࿾‫ޔߪߢޠ‬1973ߚࠄ‫ޔ‬એਅߢขࠅ਄ߍࠆߩߪᮮ♻‫ߪߊߒ߽ޔ‬ᱜ㕙

ᐕ 8 ᦬ߦౝോ⋭஥߇✚᜝ߒߡ޿ߚࠃ߁ߥ‫ޔ‬ឃઁ⊛߆ࠄߪ⷗߃ߠࠄ߆ߞߚ㓝ࠇߚ♻ߣ߽⸒߃ࠆ߽ߩ

‫ޟ‬᫪ᨋ࿾‫▤ޠ‬ℂේೣߩㆡ↪ࠍ࿎㔍ߣߐߖࠆ੐ᘒ߇

ߛ‫ౕߣߞ߽ޕ‬૕⊛ߥ⸒޿ᣇࠍߔࠇ߫‫ޟޔ‬᫪ᨋ࿾‫ޠ‬৻ጀㅴⴕਛߛߞߚߣ⠨߃ࠄࠇࠆ‫ޕ‬▤ℂߩᄢ೨ឭࠍォ឵ߔࠆߦ㓙ߒߡ‫ޔ‬ᒰᤨߩ᫪ᨋዪ

↰ဈߪ‫ߩࠗ࠲ޔ‬㨬᫪ᨋ࿾㨭߳ߩ‫ޟ‬ਇᴺଚ౉‫ޠ‬ᒻᘒ߇᦭ߒߡ޿ߚ‫ࠅࠃޔ‬ᐢ▸ߥ᡽╷᳿ቯⅣႺ߆ࠄ᛽಴

ߩ৻ߟߦ‫ޔ‬ㄘ᳃ߩ‫ޟ‬બណ࿾߳ߩੂ౉‫ࠍޠ‬᜼ߍߡ޿น⢻ߛߞߚ⻉࿃ሶߣ߽⸒߃ࠆ߽ߩߛ‫ޕ‬ࠆ[↰ဈ 1991:46-51]‫ޔߪࠇߎޕ‬ᄢⷙᮨߥબណࠍⴕ

1974 ᐕ 7 ᦬ߣ޿߁ᤨᦼߦ᫪ᨋዪ߇ᓥ᧪ߩ‫ޟ‬᫪ߥ߁⠪߇બណ㆏ࠍߟߌ‫ޔ‬᫪ᨋࠍબࠅୟߒߚᓟߢ‫ޔ‬ᨋ࿾‫▤ޠ‬ℂߩ೨ឭࠍォ឵ߒߚⷐ࿃ߣߒߡ‫߽ߦઁޔ‬ㄘ᳃߇ᠣੂ࿾ࠍභ᦭‫ޔ‬⠹࿾ൻߔࠆߣ޿߁߽ߩߛ‫ޕ‬Ԙዊⷙᮨߢߪ޽ߞߚ߇‫ޔ‬એ೨߆ࠄᨋ↥౏␠߇ᬀᨋ

1980 ᐕઍ߿ 1990 ᐕઍߥࠄߣ߽߆ߊ‫ࠇߘޔ‬એ೨ߪߦ᫪ᨋ᧛ᣇᑼࠍዉ౉ߒߡ޿ߡ‫߇ࠇߘߦߢߔޔ‬᡽╷৻⥸ㄘ᳃߇࠴ࠚ࡯ࡦ࠰࡯ࠍᜬߟߎߣߥߤ⠨߃ߠࠝࡊ࡚ࠪࡦߣߒߡሽ࿷ߒߡ޿ߚ‫ޔ‬ԙ1968 ᐕߦ᫪ࠄ޿ᤨઍߢ޽ࠆ‫ߩߎޔߡߞ߇ߚߒޕ‬બណ࿾߳ߩੂ

ᨋબណᣉᬺࠪࠬ࠹ࡓࠍォ឵ߒ‫޿઻ߦࠇߘޔ‬ᒰᤨ‫ޔ‬౉ߪ‫ߡߟ߆ޔ‬ㄘ᳃߇᫪ᨋ࿾Ꮺߦଚ౉ߒ‫ࠍߎߘޔ‬⠹બណ〔࿾ߦᄢ‫ߦ⊛ޘ‬ᬀᨋߔࠆᔅⷐ߇↢ߓߡ޿ߚ‫ޔ‬࿾ൻߔࠆߚ߼ߦߪᭂ߼ߡ᦭ലߥᚻᲑߢ޽ߞߚ‫ޕ‬Ԛ᫪ᨋબណᣉᬺࠪࠬ࠹ࡓߩォ឵߇ㄘ᳃ߩ‫ޟ‬᫪ᨋᰴߦ‫ޔ‬ԙߩબណ〔࿾ߦᬀᨋߔࠆᔅⷐ߇↢ߓߡ޿࿾‫౉ߩ߳ޠ‬ᬀࠍടㅦߐߖߡ޿ߚ(ߐߖߟߟ޽ߞߚ)‫ޔ‬ߚߣ޿߁ߩߪ‫ޔ‬બណᮭઃਈ᡽╷ߩォ឵߇නߦ਄⸥

ԛ᳃ਥൻߦ઻߁භ᦭ㄘ᳃ㆇേߩഺ⥝߿ቇ↢⚵❱ߩࠃ߁ߥ஥㕙ࠍ᦭ߒߡ޿ߚߣ޿߁ߛߌߢߥߊ‫ޔ‬ߩบ㗡ߥߤߩᓇ㗀߇޽ߞߚ‫߇╬ޔ‬⠨߃ࠄࠇࠆ‫ߥޕ‬‫⵬ޟ‬ఘᬀᨋ‫ޔ‬ઍᦧᬀᨋ(pluk mai thotthen‫ޔ‬pluk߆ߢ߽‫ޔ‬એਅߢߪԙ㨪ԛߦ㑐ߒߡㅀߴࠆ 8㧕‫ޕ‬

pa thotthen)‫⟵ߩޠ‬ോൻ߽઻ߞߡ޿ߚ߆ࠄߛ[ks.

߹ߕ‫ޔ‬㗅ᐨߪᄌࠊࠆ߇‫ޔ‬Ԛ߆ࠄ⸒෸ߔࠆߣ‫࠲ޔ‬0704/6715 23/4/1968]‫ޕ‬೨‫ޘ‬Ბߩᄢⷙᮨબណᮭߩ

ࠗߩ․ߦ࠴࡯ࠢ᧚એᄖߩᧁ᧚ߦኻߔࠆબណᮭߩ

߶ߣࠎߤߪ‫ޔ‬ᨋ↥౏␠⥄り߽৻ㇱᩣᑼࠍ଻᦭ߔࠆ

ઃਈ᡽╷ߪ‫ޔ‬1968 ᐕࠍᯏߦᄢ߈ߊォ឵ߐࠇ‫߭ޔ‬⋵ᨋᬺળ␠ߦਈ߃ࠄࠇ‫ߦࠄߐޔ‬ᄙߊߩ႐ว‫ߎߘޔ‬ߣߎߣߢ⸒߃߫‫ޔ‬ᄢⷙᮨ㐳બᦼᣉᬺࠪࠬ࠹ࡓࠍਥ

߳ߩෳ౉ࠍ૛௾ߥߊߐࠇߚ᳃㑆ᬺ⠪߇ታ⾰⊛ߦߣ ߔ ࠆ ߽ ߩ ߳ ߣ ᡷ ߼ ࠄ ࠇ ߚ [sr 0403/15292

બណ૞ᬺࠍⴕߥߞߡ޿ߚ‫৻ߩߘޔ߇ߛޕ‬ᣇߢ‫ޔ‬‫⵬ޟ‬

21/5/1968]‫ߚߒ߁ߎޕ‬᡽╷ォ឵ࠍฃߌߡ‫߃ߣߚޔ‬ఘᬀᨋ‫ޔ‬ઍᦧᬀᨋ‫ߩޠ‬ᣇߪ‫ޔ‬ㅒߦᨋ↥౏␠⥄ࠄ߇߫᧲ർㇱࠍ଀ߦណࠇ߫‫ޔ‬ᒰᤨߩో᫪ᨋ㕙Ⓧߩ 80㧑⺧⽶޿‫ޔ‬᫪ᨋዪߣ৻⥌දജߒߡⴕߥ߁ߎߣ߇ᒰೋ

એ਄ࠍⷒ߁㗔ၞߦબណᮭ߇ᒛࠅᎼࠄߐࠇ‫ޔ‬ታ㓙ߦ߆ࠄᗐቯߐࠇߡ޿ߚ[Aruneepun 1980:187-228‫ޔ‬ᣂᣇᑼߦ߽ߣߠߊબណ߇ 1970 ᐕઍೋ߼߆ࠄᆎ߹

Pradit 1975:10-14]‫ޕ‬ߞߡ޿ߚ[Kong catkan pamai n.d]‫ޔߪߣߎߩߎޕ‬‫ޟ‬᫪ᨋ࿾‫▤ޠ‬ℂߦᒰߚߞߡߩ⊒ᗐߩォ឵ᅤ૗ߢㄘ᳃ߩ‫ޟ‬᫪ᨋ࿾‫౉ߩ߳ޠ‬ᬀ࿶ജ߇ᓥ᧪એ਄ߦ㜞߹ߪ‫ޟޔ‬ਇᴺଚ౉⠪‫߇ޠ‬ᬀᨋߩߚ߼ߩ᦭↪ߥഭ௛ജ― 47 ―

࠲ࠗߦ߅ߌࠆ‫ޟ‬᫪ᨋ࿾‫ޠ‬ౝㄘ࿾ᒻᚑ࡮⛽ᜬߩೋᦼ⊛ࡔࠞ࠾࠭ࡓ

ߦ߽ߥࠅ߁ࠆߣ޿߁ߎߣߪ‫ޔ‬᫪ᨋዪ஥߽ᒰὼ⠨߃ࠇߙࠇߩㆇേߩ‫ޟ‬ᢜ‫⋡ޟ߿ޠ‬ᮡ‫޿ߡߒߣߟ৻ߩޠ‬ߚߪߕߛ‫ޟޕ‬ਇᴺଚ౉⠪‫ޟࠍޠ‬᫪ᨋ࿾‫ࠄ߆ޠ‬ឃ㒰ߚߣ޿߁ὐߦ㑐ߒߡߪ‫ߎߚ߈ߡࠇࠄࠇ⸅ߦߢߔޔ‬ߔࠆߣ޿߁⊒ᗐߐ߃ᝥߡࠇ߫‫ޔ‬ㅒߦߘߩࠃ߁ߥሽ

ߣߥߩߢ‫⺑ޔ‬᣿ࠍ⋭ߊ‫ޔߚ߹ޕ‬᫪ᨋዪ߇‫ޟ‬ⅣႺ଻

࿷߇ᬀᨋ૞ᬺߦ㓙ߒߡᦨ߽りㄭߢ⏕଻ߩ⏕ታߥో‫ࠍޠ‬ᄢ⟵ฬಽߦឝߍࠆߣ޿߁ߎߣ߽ห᭽ߢ޽ࠆ‫ޕ‬ഭ௛ജߦ߽ߥࠆ‫ޕࠆ޽ߢߕߪߚߒ▚⸘ߣޔ‬

ߎߎߢߪ․ߦ‫ޔ‬ቇ↢⚵❱ߣหߓࠃ߁ߦ᫪ᨋዪ஥߽

ᦨᓟߦ‫ޔ‬ԛߩࠃ߁ߥ᳃ਥൻߦ઻߁ੑߟߩⷐ࿃ࠍ
᜼ߍߚߩߪߘ߽ߘ߽ᒰᤨ‫ޔ‬ᰴߩࠃ߁ߥ಴᧪੐߿੐

‫ᧄ⾗ޟ‬ኅ‫ޟࠍޠ‬ᢜ‫ߡߒߣޠ‬ឝߍߡ޿ߚߣ޿߁ὐߦ
⊛ࠍ⛉ࠅ‫ࠍ଀ޔ‬᜼ߍߡ⵬⿷ߒߚ޿‫ޕ‬ᖱ߇޽ߞߚ߆ࠄߛ‫ޕ‬1970 ᐕઍߩㄘ᳃ㆇേߩዷ㐿

1974 ᐕ 7 ᦬ߩ᫪ᨋዪߦࠃࠆ㑑⼏ේ᩺ߩਛߦ‫ޔ‬ࠍㅊߞߚ᧛᎑ߦࠃࠆߣ‫ޔ‬㒢ࠄࠇߚ࿾ၞౝߢߪ޽ߞ

‫(ޟ‬᳓Ḯᨋၞએᄖߩ᫪ᨋ࿾ߪ᧦ઙࠍ✭๺ߒ‫ޔ‬᫪ᨋߚ߇‫ޔ‬1974 ᐕ 4 ᦬㨪5 ᦬㗃߆ࠄᚲ᦭ᮭࠍ᳞߼ࠆ

᧛ߩᒻߢ᳃ⴐߩዬ૑ࠍ⸵ߒ‫ޔ‬ዬ૑ᮭ࡮↢ᬺᮭ߽ਈ଻቟ᨋ(଻ోᨋ:╩⠪)࿾඙ߩභ᦭ㄘ᳃߇ᵴ⊒ߥㆇ߃ࠆ‫ߩࠄࠇߘޔ߇ߛޕ‬࿯࿾߇)⾗ᧄኅߩᚻߦ⪭ߜേࠍ㐿ᆎߒߡ޿ߚ[᧛᎑ 1980:15]‫ޔߚ߹ޕ‬1970ࠆߎߣࠍ㒐ߋߚ߼ߦ‫ޔ‬ᚲ᦭ᮭࠍਈ߃ࠆߎߣߪߒߥ

ᐕઍ᳃ਥൻߩᒁ߈㊄ߣߥߞߚ 1973 ᐕ 10 ᦬ 14 ᣣ޿‫[ޠ‬ks. 0704/13419 23/7/1974]ߣ޿߁ᢥ⸒߇ᦠ߈

᡽ᄌ߇೎ฬ‫ޟ‬ቇ↢㕟๮‫ߣޠ‬๭߫ࠇߡ޿ߚߎߣ߆ࠄ

ㄟ߹ࠇߡ޿ߚ‫ߗߥޕ‬᫪ᨋዪ஥߇ࠊߑࠊߑߎߩࠃ߁

߽ᗐ௝ߢ߈ࠆࠃ߁ߦ‫ޔ‬ห᡽ᄌએᓟ‫ޔ‬ቇ↢ߩ⊒⸒ജߥᢥ⸒ࠍߘߎߦᦠ߈ㄟࠎߛߩ߆‫ޔ‬ᭂ⺰ߔࠇ߫‫ޔ‬ℂ߇Ⴧߒ‫ߩ߳ࠕࠖ࠺ࡔࠬࡑߩߘޔ‬㔺಴߿᡽ᐭ♽ᆔຬ↱ߪਃߟ޽ߞߚߣ⠨߃ࠄࠇࠆ‫ߦ৻╙ޕ‬භ᦭ㄘ᳃ߩ

ળ߳ߩෳടߥߤߣ޿ߞߚേ߈߽⿠ߎߞߡ޿ߚ‫ߎޕ‬࿯࿾ߦᚲ᦭ᮭࠍ⊒ⴕߔࠇ߫‫ᧄ⾗ޟ߇ࠇߘޔ‬ኅߩᚻߩࠃ߁ߥὐߦ⽎ᓽߐࠇࠆභ᦭ㄘ᳃ㆇേߩഺ⥝߿ߦ⪭ߜࠆ‫ޔ߇ߣߎޠ‬ታ㓙ߦ޽ࠅᓧߚ߆ࠄߛ 9㧕‫╙ޕ‬ቇ↢⚵❱ߩบ㗡ߪ‫ߊࠄߘ߅ޔ‬ੑ㊀ߩᗧ๧ߢ᫪ᨋዪ

ੑߦ‫᦭⑳ޟ‬࿾߇⾗ᧄኅߩ߽ߣߦ㓸Ⓧߒߡ޿ߊ‫ߣޠ‬ߩ᡽╷ᜰะࠍⷙቯߒߡ޿ߚߣ⠨߃ࠄࠇࠆ‫ߪߟ৻ޕ‬޿߁‫ޔ‬ᒰᤨ‫ޔ‬ቇ↢߿৻ㇱ⍮⼂ੱࠍਛᔃߦ⺆ࠄࠇߡභ᦭ㄘ᳃ࠍ଻ోᨋၞ߆ࠄឃ㒰ߔࠆߣ޿߁ㆬᛯ⢇޿ߚࡠࠫ࠶ࠢ߇‫ޔ‬᫪ᨋዪߩឭ␜ߒߚ᡽╷ߩวℂൻ

ߩណ↪⥄૕ࠍ࿎㔍ߣߐߖߟߟ޽ߞߚߣ޿߁߽ߩ‫ޕ‬ߦᓎ┙ߜᓧߚ߆ࠄߛ‫╙ޕ‬ਃߦߎߩὐߪ╙ੑὐߣ߽߽߁৻ߟߪቇ↢ߣߩ㑆ߦ‫ޟޔ‬࿯࿾ᜬߜߩ⾗ᧄኅ‫ޠ‬㑐ㅪߔࠆ߇‫ᧄ⾗ޔ‬ኅ߇ᡰᜬߔࠆ‫ޟ‬᫪ᨋ࿾‫ޠ‬ౝㄘ࿾ߣ‫ޟ‬ⅣႺ଻ో‫౒߁޿ߣޠ‬ㅢߩ‫ޟ‬ᢜ‫⋡ޟߣޠ‬ᮡ‫ࠍޠ‬ߢߩᚲ᦭ᮭ⊒ⴕ᡽╷ࠍ᳞߼ࠆ൓ജߦኻߔࠆ‫ࠄߐޔ‬ቯ⟎ߢ߈ࠆߎߣߢ‫ޔ‬ㅒߦ߿ࠅ᭽ߦࠃߞߡߪ᫪ᨋዪ

ߦߪ᡽ᐭ߇ߘߜࠄ஥ߦߥ߮ߊߎߣ߳ߩ‧೙ߢ޽ߩ▤ロၞ⛽ᜬߦ᦭೑ߥᣇะ߽߳ᜬߞߡ޿ߌߚߣ

ࠆ‫╙ߦ․ߪߢߎߎޕ‬ਃߩὐߦ㑐ߒߡ߽߁ዋߒ⵬⿷

޿߁߽ߩߛ‫ޕ‬ߒࠃ߁‫ޕ‬

৻ὐ⋡ߦߟ޿ߡ⚦߆ߥ⺑᣿ߪਇⷐߛࠈ߁‫ޕ‬ㄘ᳃ᧄ▵ߩ 2㧕ߢ‫ޔ‬‫ޟ‬࿯࿾ᢛℂផㅴ੐ᬺ‫ߞ߈ߩ⿷⊒ޠ‬ㆇേ߇⋓ࠅ਄߇ࠅࠍ⷗ߖᆎ߼ߡ޿ߚਛߢ‫ޔ‬භ᦭ㄘ߆ߌߦ‫ޔ‬࿖ળ⼏ຬࠄߦࠃࠆ‫ޟ‬࿯࿾ᢛℂ․೎ᴺ‫ޠ‬ᴺ᳃ࠍ㨬᫪ᨋ࿾㨭߆ࠄឃ㒰ߔࠇ߫‫ޟޔ‬Ἣߦᴤࠍᵈߋ‫ޠ‬᩺ឭ಴ߩേ߈߇޽ߞߚὐߦߟ޿ߡ⸅ࠇߚ‫ߩߎޕ‬ᴺ⚿ᨐߣߥࠆߎߣߪኈᤃߦᗐ௝ߢ߈ࠆ‫ޕ‬ੑὐ⋡ߦߟ᩺ߩౝኈ⊛ߥ․ᓽߪ‫ޔ߫߃⸒ߢߣߎߣ߭ޔ‬࿯࿾ᢛ޿ߡ‫߁߽ޔ‬ዋߒ⺑᣿ߒࠃ߁‫ߕ߹ޔߒߛߚޕ‬ᒰᤨ‫ޔ‬ℂផㅴ੐ᬺᤨߩේೣࠃࠅ߽ߕߞߣ✭޿᧦ઙߢ‫ޔ‬࿖ᄙߊߩቇ↢⚵❱߇‫ᧄ⾗ޟ‬ኅ‫ޟ߿ޠ‬ⅣႺ଻ో‫ߘࠍޠ‬᦭଻ోᨋၞౝㄘ࿾╬ߦ‫ޟ‬࿯࿾ᴺߦ߽ߣߠߊ㊀ⷐߥ― 48 ―

࠲ࠗ⎇ⓥ NO.7 2007ᮭ೑⸽ᦠ‫ࠍޠ‬ઃਈߔࠆߣ޿߁߽ߩߛߞߚ‫ߩߎޕ‬ᴺ

ᨋዪ஥ߪ‫ޟޔ‬࿖᳃ߩਇᴺଚ౉ߢ⨹ᑄߒߚ࿖᦭଻ో

᩺ߪุ᳿ߐࠇߚߣߪ޿߃‫ޔ‬67 ฬ߽ߩ࿖ળ⼏ຬ߆ᨋߩขࠅᛒ޿‫ߦޠ‬㑐ߔࠆᆔຬળߩࡔࡦࡃ࡯ߦ‫⥄ޔ‬

ࠄߩ⾥หࠍᓧߡ޿ߚ[Samnakgan lekhathikan

ὼ࡮ⅣႺ଻⼔ࠨ࡯ࠢ࡞ߩ(ቇ↢)ઍ⴫߽ട߃ࠃ߁ߣ

rathasapha 1969:341-346‫ޔ‬396]‫ޕ‬᫪ᨋዪ஥ߪ‫ޔ‬޿߁ᣦࠍ‫ޔ‬ታ㓙ߦឭ᩺ߒߡ޿ߚ[ks. 0704/13419‫ޟ‬᫪ᨋ᧛ߩᒻߢ࿯࿾ࠍ▤ℂߒ‫ޔ‬ᚲ᦭ᮭࠍਈ߃ࠆߎ

23/7/1974]‫ޕ‬ߣߪߒߥ޿‫߁޿ߣޠ‬᡽╷ߩឭ␜ߦᒰߚࠅ‫ޔ‬ᒰὼߎߩࠃ߁ߥ൓ജߩሽ࿷߽ᗧ⼂ߒߚߣ⠨߃ࠄࠇࠆ‫߹ޕ‬

5. ߻ߔ߮㧙᫪ᨋⴕ᡽ߦࠃࠆวℂ⊛ㆬᛯߣߚ‫ޔ‬᫪ᨋዪߩ೨Ბߩࠃ߁ߥ㑑⼏ේ᩺ߩឭ಴߆ࠄߏ

೙ᐲ⊛㥿㦉߳ߩ┵✜ߊ⍴ᦼ㑆ߩ߁ߜߦ‫ޔ‬᫪ᨋዪ᩺ߣߪ߹ߞߚߊ⇣ߥࠆ᡽╷ࠍ‫ޔ‬ታ㓙ߦ᡽ᐭ߇ᛚ⹺࡮ឭ␜ߔࠆߣ޿߁ߎߣ

৻ญߦ‫ޟ‬᫪ᨋ࿾‫ޠ‬ᜰቯ࿾ౝㄘ࿾ߩᒻᚑ࡮⛽ᜬⷐ߇⿠߈ߡ޿ࠆ‫ޕ‬1975 ᐕ 4 ᦬ 4 ᣣ㚂⋧઎߿ 1976࿃ߣ⸒ߞߡ߽‫ޟߪࠇߘޔ‬᫪ᨋ࿾‫ޠ‬ᜰቯߩᣇ߇వߛ

ᐕ 3 ᦬ 2 ᣣ᳿⼏ߢ޽ࠆ‫ߦ․ޕ‬ౝോ⋭࿯࿾ዪឭ಴᩺

ߞߚߩ߆޽ࠆ޿ߪᓟߛߞߚߩ߆ߣ޿ߞߚ‫ޔ‬ᄢ߈ߊߦ߽ߣߠߊ 1976 ᐕ 3 ᦬ 2 ᣣ᳿⼏ߩᣇߪ‫ޔ‬‫ޟ‬᫪ᨋߪੑߟߩ࿑ᑼߦಽߌߡᝒ߃ࠆߎߣ߇ߢ߈ߚ‫ޔߚ߹ޕ‬࿾‫ޠ‬ౝㄘ࿾ߦኻߔࠆ࿯࿾⸽ᦠ㧔ࡁ࡯࠰࡯3㧕ߩ⊒ᓟ⠪ߩ࿑ᑼߦߟ޿ߡߐࠄߦ⸒߃߫‫ޟߩߢࠗ࠲ޔ‬᫪ⴕࠍߪߞ߈ࠅߣߒߚᒻߢផߒㅴ߼ࠃ߁ߣߒߚ߽

ᨋ࿾‫ޠ‬ᜰቯᩮ᜚ᴺߩਛᩭࠍᜂߞߚ 1964 ᐕ࿖᦭଻ߩߛߞߚ 10㧕‫ޕ‬ోᨋᴺ߇‫ߦ⇵▸ߩ߆ߟߊ޿ߣ߽ߣ߽ޔ‬ಽߌߡߘߩ

ⷐߔࠆߦ‫ޔ‬એ਄ߩࠃ߁ߥ⻉ὐࠍൊ᩺ߔࠇ߫‫ޔ‬ᒰ㗔ၞౝߩᣢሽㄘ࿾ࠍಣℂߒࠃ߁ߣߒߡ޿ߚߎߣ

ᤨߩ᫪ᨋዪߦߪ‫ޟޔ‬᫪ᨋ࿾‫ޠ‬ౝߩㄘ࿾໧㗴߳ߩኻ߆ࠄ‫ⶄࠅࠃޔ‬ᢙߩⷐ࿃ߦ⚦ಽൻߒߡ⠨߃ࠆߎߣ߽

ಣ‫⥄ࠍࠇߘߪߡ޿߭ޔ‬㒯ߦ᦭೑ߦಣℂߔࠆߦ㓙ߒน⢻ߛߞߚ‫ޔߜ߁ߩߎޕ‬ਥߣߒߡᧄⓂߢ᣿ࠄ߆ߦߡ‫ޔ‬‫ᧄ⾗ޟ‬ኅ‫ޟ߿ޠ‬ⅣႺ଻ో‫ޟࠍޠ‬ᢜ‫⋡ޟ߿ޠ‬ᮡ‫ޠ‬ߒࠃ߁ߣߒߚߩߪ‫ޔ‬࿖᦭଻ోᨋၞᜰቯએ೨߆ࠄߘ

ߦឝߍࠆቇ↢⚵❱ߣදห࡮౒㑵ߒᓧࠆ᧦ઙ߽‫ߘޔ‬ߎߦሽ࿷ߒߚ߽ߩߩ‫ޔ‬1954 ᐕ࿯࿾ᴺߦ߽ߣߠߊ

ߩᔅⷐᕈ߽޽ߞߚ‫ߒ߆ߒޕ‬หᤨߦ‫ޔ‬ቇ↢⚵❱ߣߩ⸽ᦠ߽ᜬߚߕ‫⾩ߚ߹ޔ‬ఘߩኻ⽎ߦߪߥࠅᓧߚ߽ߩ

දห࡮౒㑵ߦᒰߚߞߡ‫ޔ‬ᄢ߈ߥ㓚ኂߦߥࠅ߁ࠆน

ߩ‫ޔ‬ర᧪ߪឃ㒰࡮⒖േ߽ᗐቯߐࠇߡ޿ߚ‫ߒ߁ߘޔ‬⢻ᕈ߽޽ߞߚߩ߇‫ޔ‬ឃઁ⊛‫ޟ‬᫪ᨋ࿾‫▤ޠ‬ℂߩේೣߚㄘ࿾߿භ᦭⠪߇ߘߩ߹߹଻ోᨋၞౝߦ൮฽ߐ

ߣߘߩㅊ᳞ߛߞߚߣ⠨߃ࠄࠇࠆ‫ޕ‬೨‫ޘ‬Ბߢ‫ࠅ߿ޟ‬ࠇߡ޿ߞߚⷐ࿃ߢ޽ߞߚ‫ޔ߽ߢ߆ߥޕ‬୘‫ߩޘ‬ᛛⴚ᭽ߦࠃߞߡߪ᫪ᨋዪߩ▤ロၞ⛽ᜬߦ᦭೑ߥᣇะ

⊛ߥⷐ࿃ߩᣇߢߪߥߊ‫৻ޔ‬ㅪߩ᡽╷࡮᡽ᴦㆊ⒟ࠍ

߽߳ᜬߞߡ޿ߌߚ‫ߩߎޔߪߩߚ޿ᦠߣޠ‬ේೣࠍ⺞〯߹߃ߚⷐ࿃߽ߒߊߪ᭴࿑ߣ๭߮߁ࠆ߽ߩߦߟ

ᢛߢ߈ࠇ߫ߣ޿߁ᗧ๧ߢ޽ࠆ‫ߒ߽ޔࠄߥߗߥޕ‬઒޿ߡ᣿ࠄ߆ߦߒࠃ߁ߣߒߚ‫ޕ‬ߦභ᦭ㄘ᳃ࠍ‫ޟ‬᫪ᨋ࿾‫ࠄ߆ޠ‬ㅊ޿┙ߡࠇ߫‫ޔ‬ᒰߩ

1964 ᐕ࿖᦭଻ోᨋᴺߩ߽ߣ߽ߣߩⷙቯ‫ޔ‬᫪ᨋㄘ᳃ߩߺߥࠄߕ‫ޔ‬ᓐࠄߣ౒㑵㑐ଥߦ޽ߞߚቇ↢⚵ዪߦࠃࠆߘߩ⸃⺑ౝኈ╬߆ࠄ್ᢿߔࠇ߫‫ޔ‬਄⸥ߩ❱ࠍ߽ᢜߦᑫߔน⢻ᕈ߇޽ߞߚ߆ࠄߛ‫ޕ‬ࠃ߁ߥ࿯࿾ߪ‫ޠ⊕ޟ‬
㧔1954 ᐕ࿯࿾ᴺߦ߽ߣߠߊ⸽

ߥ߅‫ᦨޔ‬ᓟߦઃߌട߃ߡ߅ߊߣ‫ޔ‬ឃઁ⊛ߥ‫ޟ‬᫪ᦠߩ⊒ⴕ࿾㧕ߢ߽ߥߊ‫ޔ‬ㅒߦ‫ޟ‬㤥‫ޠ‬㧔㗔ၞᜰቯᓟᨋ࿾‫▤ޠ‬ℂߩේೣࠍ᡼᫈ߒߚ㑑⼏ේ᩺ߩਛߢ‫ޔ‬᫪ߩଚ౉߇᣿⊕ߥ࿯࿾㧕ߢ߽ߥ޿‫ޟ߫ࠊ޿ޕ‬Ἧ⦡‫ޠ‬‫ޔ‬― 49 ―

࠲ࠗߦ߅ߌࠆ‫ޟ‬᫪ᨋ࿾‫ޠ‬ౝㄘ࿾ᒻᚑ࡮⛽ᜬߩೋᦼ⊛ࡔࠞ࠾࠭ࡓ

‫߽ߣޠࡦ࡯࠱࡯࡟ࠣޟ‬๭ߴࠆਛㅜඨ┵ߥ૏⟎ߠߌઁ⊛ߥ▤ℂ‫▤ޟߣޠ‬ロၞߣߒߡߩ଻ోᨋ࿾ߩ⛽ᜬ‫ޠ‬ߩ࿯࿾ߛߞߚ߇‫ߚߒ߁ߎߗߥޔ‬࿯࿾߇࿖᦭଻ోᨋ

߇৻⒳ߩ࠻࡟࡯࠼ࠝࡈ⁁ᴫߦ޽ߞߚਛߢߩ‫ޔ‬೨⠪ၞౝߦߩߺㄟ߹ࠇ‫⁁ߩߘޔ‬ᘒ߇⛽ᜬߐࠇߡ޿ߞߚ

ߩ᡼᫈‫ޔ‬ᓟ⠪ߩㆬᛯߢ޽ࠆ‫ߒ߆ߒޕ‬หᤨߦ‫ޔ‬᫪ᨋߩ߆‫ᧄޕ‬Ⓜߩ╵߃ߪᭂ߼ߡන⚐ߛ‫৻ޔࠅ߹ߟޕ‬ㅪⴕ᡽஥ߦߣߞߡዋߥߊߣ߽ᒰᤨߪวℂ⊛ߛߞߚߩ᡽╷࡮᡽ᴦㆊ⒟ࠍ⚻ߚᓟߢ‫߽ߘ߽ߘޔ‬᫪ᨋⴕ᡽ߪߕߩߎߩ᳿ቯߪ‫⚿ޔ‬ᨐ⊛ߦߪ᧪ߚࠆ೙ᐲ⊛㥿㦉ߩᣇ߇ర᧪ߩ▤ℂේೣࠍォ឵ߒ‫ߥ߁ࠃߩߘޔ‬࿯࿾߳ߩᄢ߈ߥ┵✜ߣ߽ߥߞߚ‫ޕ‬ࠍ଻ోᨋၞౝߦ൮฽ߒߚ߹߹▤ℂߒߡ޿ߊߣ޿

ߥߗ೙ᐲ⊛㥿㦉߳ߩᄢ߈ߥ┵✜ߣߥߞߚߩ߆‫ޕ‬߁᳿ቯࠍਅߒߚ߆ࠄߢ޽ࠆ‫߁⸒ߢߎߎޕ‬ర᧪ߩ▤╩⠪߇⠨߃ࠆℂ↱ߪੑߟ޽ࠆ‫ޔߪߟ৻ߕ߹ޕ‬਄ߩ

ℂේೣߣߪ‫ޔ‬੐ᓟ⺞ᢛᣇᑼߦࠃࠅ‫ޔ‬ᣢሽㄘ࿾ߩᮭ

᳿ቯ߇‫ޟ‬᫪ᨋ࿾‫ޠ‬㒐ⴡ↪ߩ‫ޟ‬၂ᩮ‫ߊߒ⪺ࠍޠ‬ૐߊ೑㑐ଥࠍᢛℂߒ‫ࠍߩ߽ߥ⊛ᤨ৻ߊߏޔ‬㒰߈‫ޔ‬㗔ၞ⸳ቯߔࠆߎߣߦ❬߇ߞߚߚ߼ߛ‫ޔߪߣߎߩߎޕ‬೙ౝߦㄘ࿾ࠍᱷߐߥ޿ߣ޿߁‫ޔ‬ឃઁ⊛ߥ଻ోᨋ࿾▤ᐲ⊛ߦ߽ታᘒ਄߆ࠄ߽⸒߃ࠆ‫ߪࠇߘޔߚ߹ޕ‬หᤨ

ℂේೣߩߎߣߛ‫ߩߎޕ‬ේೣࠍ‫৻ޔ‬ㅪߩ᡽╷࡮᡽ᴦߦ‫ޔ‬ᒰߩ᫪ᨋⴕ᡽⥄り߇ၷ‗ߥ‫ޟ‬၂ᩮ‫ࠍ⟎⸳ߩޠ‬

ㆊ⒟ࠍ⚻ߚ 1970 ᐕઍඨ߫‫ޔ‬1964 ᐕߩ࿖᦭଻ోᨋ

⥄ࠄ᡼᫈ߒߡߒ߹ߞߚߎߣࠍᗧ๧ߔࠆ‫ޕ‬ᰴߦ߽߁ᴺ౏Ꮣ߆ࠄ߶߷ 10 ᐕᓟߦ‫ޔ‬᫪ᨋⴕ᡽⥄り߇᡼᫈৻ߟߪ‫ޔ‬ห᭽ߦ਄ߩ᳿ቯ߇ㄘ᳃ߩ᡽ᴦ‫ࠆࠁࠊ޿ޔ‬ߒߡ޿ߚ‫╩ޔ߇ߣߎߩߎޕ‬⠪ߩ⠨߃ࠆ‫࠱࡯࡟ࠣޔ‬‫〝ޟ‬਄ߩ᡽ᴦ‫ߩޠ‬ᵴᕈൻߦ❬߇ߞߚߚ߼ߛ‫ߣ߽ޕ‬࡯ࡦ߇࿖᦭଻ోᨋၞౝߦߩߺㄟ߹ࠇ‫⁁ߩߘޔ‬ᘒ߇߽ߣࠣ࡟࡯࠱࡯ࡦߦ޿ࠆභ᦭ㄘ᳃ߪ‫ⴕޔ‬᡽஥ߦߣ⛽ᜬߐࠇߡ޿ߞߚᦨᄢߩⷐ࿃ߢ޽ࠆ‫ޕ‬ߞߡࠃࠅᓮߒ㔍޿ሽ࿷ߛߞߚߣ⸒߃ࠆ‫ޟޕ‬㤥‫߽ޠ‬᫪ᨋⴕ᡽ߦߎߩࠃ߁ߥ଻ోᨋ࿾▤ℂේೣߩォߒߊߪ‫ޟ‬ਇᴺଚ౉⠪‫৻࡝ࠨ࠶ࡃߣޠ‬ಷਔᢿߦߢ߈

឵ࠍଦߒߚⷐ࿃࡮⢛᥊ߣߒߡ‫ᦨޔ‬ૐߢ߽ᰴߩਃߟ

ࠆㄘ᳃ߦᲧߴ‫߽ߘ߽ߘޔ‬᫪ᨋⴕ᡽஥ߩ૏⟎ߠߌ⥄ߩ੐ᨩ߇޽ߞߚߣ޿߁ߩ߇‫ᧄޔ‬Ⓜ߇᣿ࠄ߆ߦߒߚ

૕߇ᦌᤒߛߞߚ߆ࠄߛ‫ⴕߩߎޔߚ߹ޕ‬᡽஥ߩᦌᤒ

ⷐὐߛߞߚ‫ߦ৻╙ޕ‬ឃઁ⊛ߥ‫ޟ‬᫪ᨋ࿾‫▤ޠ‬ℂߩේ

ߥ૏⟎ߠߌߪ‫ߩࡦ࡯࠱࡯࡟ࠣޔ‬භ᦭ㄘ᳃⥄りࠍೣࠍታല⿷ࠄߒ߼ࠃ߁ߣߒߚᄢ੐ᬺߩᄬᢌߣߘ

‫ࠆ߈ߢߣޠ⊕ޟ‬ㄘ᳃ߥߤએ਄ߦ‫ޔ‬᡽ᴦ⊛ߥሽ࿷ߦߩᓇ㗀‫╙ޔ‬ੑߦ᫪ᨋⴕ᡽஥ߩ೎᭽ߩ᡽╷⊛࠾࡯࠭‫ޔ‬ߒߡ޿ߚน⢻ᕈ߽㜞޿‫ࠅࠃޔࠄߥߗߥޕ‬ਇ቟ቯߥ╙ਃߦ᳃ਥൻ߇߽ߚࠄߒߡ޿ߚੑߟߩ᡽╷ⷙቯ┙႐ߦ޿ߚ߆ࠄߛ‫ⴕߩߎޔߡߒߘޕ‬᡽஥ߩᦌᤒߥ

࿃ሶߢ޽ࠆ‫ߩߎޕ‬ੑߟߩ࿃ሶߣߪ‫ޔ‬භ᦭ㄘ᳃ㆇേ

૏⟎ߠߌߣㄘ᳃⥄りߩ᡽ᴦᗧ᰼ߩ㜞ߐߪ‫ޔ‬ㅒߦㆇߩഺ⥝ߣቇ↢⚵❱ߩบ㗡‫ߩࠇߙࠇߘޔ‬ᓇ㗀ࠍᜰߒേ஥ߦߣߞߡߪᦨ߽೑↪ଔ୯ߩ㜞޿ሽ࿷ߛߞߚ

ߚ‫ޕ‬ߎߣࠍᗧ๧ߔࠆ‫ޔߪ޿ࠆ޽ޕ‬ᒰߩ‫࡯࡟ࠣޟ‬ㄘ᳃‫ޠ‬᫪ᨋⴕ᡽ᒰዪߦ㒢ࠄߕ‫ޔ‬ቭ௥⚵❱ౝㇱߩⓥᭂ⊛ߥⴕേේℂ߇‫ޔ‬઒ߦ⥄⚵❱߽ߒߊߪߘߩ▤ロၞߩ

⥄り߇ㆇേߩਛᔃߦ޿ߚࠤ࡯߽ࠬ‫৻ޔ‬ㇱߢߪᒰὼ޽ߞߚߣ⠨߃ࠄࠇࠆ‫ޕ‬⛽ᜬ࡮᜛ᄢߦ޽ࠆߣߒߚࠄ‫ޔ‬਄⸥ߩࠃ߁ߥ⁁ᴫਅ

઒ߦ 2000 ᐕઍߦ౉ߞߡ߆ࠄ߽࠲ࠗߩ‫ޟ‬᫪ᨋ࿾‫ޠ‬ߢߩ᫪ᨋⴕ᡽஥ߩ᳿ቯߪ‫⥄ࠇߘޔ‬りߢߪ⥋ᭂวℂߩߤߎ߆ߢ‫ߚߒ߁ߎޔ‬ૐ޿‫ޟ‬၂ᩮ‫ߣޠ‬ᵴᕈൻߒߚ

ᕈࠍᜬߞߡ޿ߚߣ⸒߃ࠆ‫ߩߘޔࠅ߹ߟޕ‬᳿ቯߣߪ‫ޔ‬‫〝ޟ‬਄ߩ᡽ᴦ‫ࠍ✜┵ߦޠ‬ᜬߟᣂߚߥ⠹࿾ൻ߇⛯޿೨Ბߩਃߟߩ੐㗄ߩ⚿ᨐߣߒߡ‫ో଻ޟޔ‬ᨋ࿾ߩឃߡ޿ߚߣߒߚࠄ‫ޔ‬ዋߥߊߣ߽ߘߩ⽿છߩ৻┵ߪ‫ޔ‬― 50 ―

࠲ࠗ⎇ⓥ NO.7 2007

1970 ᐕઍඨ߫ߩ᫪ᨋⴕ᡽⥄りߦࠃࠆ⥽ಾࠅߦ߽޽ࠆ‫⹏ߥ߁ࠃߩߎޕ‬ଔߪ‫ޔ‬᫪ᨋⴕ᡽஥ߦኻߒߡ߿
߿ㄆㄍߔ߉ࠆ߆߽ߒࠇߥ޿߇‫ࠎ߱ߚޔ‬㑆㆑ߞߡߪ޿ߥ޿ߛࠈ߁ 11㧕‫ޕ‬‫ޣ‬ᵈ‫ޤ‬1㧕‫ޟ‬RCUCIWCPJGPIEJCV‫⎇ޔߪޠ‬ⓥ⠪ߦࠃߞߡ‫ޟ‬࿖᦭଻⼔ᨋ‫ࠆߔߣޠ‬႐วߣ‫ޟ‬࿖᦭଻ోᨋ‫ࠆߔߣޠ‬႐วߩ‫ޔ‬ᄢ߈ߊੑㅢ
ࠅ߇޽ࠆ‫ߪߢ⺰ᧄޕ‬࿖┙౏࿦߿㊁↢േ‛଻⼔඙ߣ޿ߞߚ‫଻ޟ‬⼔ᨋ RCCPWTCM ‫ߣޠ‬඙೎ߔࠆᔅⷐ߽޽ࠆߚ߼‫ޔ‬‫ޟ‬࿖᦭଻ోᨋ‫ޠ‬ߣߒߚ‫ޔߚ߹ޕ‬ห᭽ߦߎߩᓟߦ⸒෸ߔࠆ‫ޟ‬RCMJWOMJTQPI‫ޠ‬߽‫⼔଻ޟߦ⥸৻ޔ‬ᨋ‫ࠆࠇߐ⸶ߣޠ‬႐ว߇ᄙ޿߇‫․ߪߢߎߎޔ‬ߦ‫⛔ޟ‬ᴦᨋ‫ޕߚߒߣޠ‬2㧕᫪ᨋ߿‫ޟ‬᫪ᨋ࿾‫ޠ‬‫ޔ‬ㄘ࿾߿‫ޟ‬ㄘ࿾‫޿૶ߩ⺆↪ߚߞ޿ߣޠ‬ಽߌߦߟ޿ߡ‫⺑ߢߎߎ߼੍ޔ‬᣿ߒߡ߅߈ߚ޿‫ޔߪߢ⺰ᧄޕ‬᫪ᨋዪߩਥߚࠆ▤ロ࿾‫ⴕߩࠗ࠲ࠅ߹ߟޔ‬᡽඙ಽ਄࡮ᴺᓞ਄‫ޔ‬᫪ᨋ࿾ߣߒߡ✢ᒁ߈࡮ᜰቯߐࠇߡ߈ߚߣߎࠈߦߟ޿ߡ‫ߩߘޔ‬ታ㓙ߩ⁁ᘒᅤ૗ߦ㑐ࠊࠄߕ‫ߦ․ޔ‬᜝ᒐࠍઃߒߡ‫ޟ‬᫪ᨋ࿾‫⸥ߣޠ‬ㅀߔࠆ‫৻ޕ‬ᣇ‫ߚߒ߁ߘޔ‬ᴺ⊛ߥ඙ಽߣߪ㑐ଥߥߊ‫ޔ‬නߦታᘒߩ
ߺࠍ⠨ᘦߒߡ޿ࠆ႐วߪ‫ޔ‬᫪ᨋߣᦠߊ‫ߪߢ⺰ᧄޔߚ߹ޕ‬ㄘ࿾ߦ㑐ߒߡ߽ห᭽ߩ඙೎ࠍߔࠆ‫ޕ‬නߦታᘒࠍᢵ㈨ߒߡ޿ࠆᤨߪ
ㄘ࿾ߣߒ‫ⴕޔ‬᡽඙ಽ߿ᴺᓞ਄‫ޔ‬ㄘ࿾ߣߢ߈ࠆࠃ߁ߥ႐วߪ‫ޔ‬‫ޟ‬ㄘ࿾‫ޕߊᦠߣޠ‬3 㧕 ߎ߁ߒߚ᭴࿑ߦ⸒෸ߒߡ޿ࠆ৻଀ߣߒߡ‫߫߃ߣߚޔ‬2JCVJCRJQPI࡮5CKVJKR=?ෳᾖ‫ޕ‬4㧕2JCVJCRJQPI࡮5CKVJKR=?ࠍෳᾖ‫ޕ‬5㧕࿑  ਛ‫ޔ‬Ԙߩ⺞ᩏߦ㑐ߒߡߪ -TQORCVVJCPCVJKFKP=?ࠍ‫ޔ‬ԙߦ㑐ߒߡߪ 5COPCMICPMCPRCVJKTWRVJKFKPRJWYC MCUGVVCMCO =PF? ‫ ޔ‬5COPCMICP NGMJCVJKMCP
TCVJCUCRJC=?‫ޔ‬9CVJCPC=?╬ࠍෳᾖ‫ޕ‬
6㧕2TCFKV=PF?ࠍෳᾖ‫ޕ‬7㧕 ᐕᐲ ᫪ᨋዪᐕᰴႎ๔ᦠ߇࿯࿾ᢛℂផㅴ੐ᬺߦ߽ߣ
ߠߊ⺞ᩏ࡮ክᩏ⚿ᨐߩ৻ㇱࠍ⸥タߒߡ޿ࠆߩߢ‫ߪߊߒ⹦ޔ‬-TQORCOCK=?ࠍෳᾖ‫ޕ‬8㧕ߎߎߢߪ⺋⸃ߩߥ޿ࠃ߁ߦ⵬⿷ߒߡ߅ߌ߫‫ޔ‬නߥࠆ⴫㕙਄ߩ⃻⽎ᒻᘒߛߌࠍᝒ߃ߚ႐ว‫ᧄޔ‬ᢥਛߩԙ㨪ԛߪ‫ޔ‬౨㗡ߢ⏕⹺ߒߚࡧࠔࡦ࠳࡯ࠡ࡯ࠬ࠻ߩ᜼ߍࠆ‫ޔ‬‫ޟ‬᫪ᨋ࿾‫ߦޠ‬ㄘ᳃╬߇ᓟ߆ࠄଚ౉ߒߚⷐ࿃ߣ㊀ߥߞߡ⷗߃ࠆ߆߽ߒࠇߥ޿‫ޕ‬ߒ߆ߒ‫ᧄޔ‬Ⓜߢߪ‫ޔ‬‫ޟ‬᫪ᨋ࿾‫ޠ‬ᜰቯ࿾ౝㄘ࿾ᒻᚑ࡮⛽ᜬߩ࿑ᑼࠍ
ߪߞ߈ࠅߣੑಽߒ‫ޟߗߥޔ‬᫪ᨋ࿾‫ޠ‬ᜰቯ߇ᣢሽㄘ࿾ࠍߩߺㄟ
ࠎߛߩ߆ߣ޿߁೎᭽ߩ໧㗴ᗧ⼂࡮⸳ቯ߆ࠄ౉ߞߡ޿ࠆߩߢ‫ޔ‬ԙ㨪ԛߩࠃ߁ߥⷐ࿃ࠍขࠅ਄ߍࠆᗧ๧߽‫ޔ‬ߘࠇ߇ᨐߚߔᯏ⢻߽⥄ߕߣ⇣ߥࠆ‫ߢߎߎ߽ߘ߽ߘޕ‬໧㗴ߣߒߡ޿ࠆߩߪ‫ޔ‬᫪ᨋዪ஥ߩ᡽╷ォ឵ߩ⢛᥊ⷐ࿃ߣߒߡߩ‫ޟ‬બណ᡽╷ߩᓇ㗀‫޽ߢޠ‬ࠅ‫ޔ‬‫ ޟ‬ᐕઍ᳃ਥൻߩᓇ㗀‫ޟ߇ࠄࠇߘޕࠆ޽ߢޠ‬᫪ᨋ࿾‫ޠ‬߳ߩ౉ᬀࠍଦߒߚ߆ุ߆⥄૕ࠍ‫ޔ‬⋥ធ໧㗴ߦߒࠃ߁ߣߒߡ޿
ࠆ⸶ߢߪߥ޿‫ޕ‬
9㧕ࠬ࡝࠴ࡖࠗߦࠃࠆߣ‫ ޔ‬ᐕᒰᤨ‫ޔ‬࿯࿾ߥߒㄘ᳃ߩ⧰ᖱ
ಣℂ╬ߩߚ߼ߦ‫ޔ‬޽ࠆᆔຬળ߇᡽ᐭߦࠃߞߡ⸳┙ߐࠇߡ޿ߚ
߇‫ߩߎޔ‬ᆔຬળߦነߖࠄࠇߡ޿ߚ㒸ᖱߩ߶ߣࠎߤߪ‫ޔ‬࿯࿾ࠍߛ߹ߒขࠄࠇߚߎߣࠍ⸷߃ߡ޿ߚߣ޿߁=ࠬ࡝࠴ࡖࠗ
?‫ޕ‬
10㧕 ᐕ  ᦬  ᣣ‫ޔ‬ᒰᤨߩౝ㑑ߪ‫ޔ‬࿯࿾ዪ߆ࠄߩᰴߩࠃ
߁ߥౝኈࠍ฽߻᳿⼏ේ᩺ࠍฃߌߡ‫ࠍࠇߘޔ‬㑑⼏ੌᛚߒߚ‫ޕ‬࿖᦭଻ోᨋၞ߿᳗ਭᨋၞ㧔᳓Ḯ࿾ࠍ㒰ߊ㧕ߢ‫ޔ‬ᄙߊߩ࿖᳃߇Ᏹ
ᤨ࿯࿾ࠍᚲ᦭‫ޔ‬೑↪ߒߡ޿ࠆࠃ߁ߥ႐ᚲߦ㑐ߒߡߪ‫ޔ‬‫ޟ‬᫪ᨋ࿾‫ޠ‬඙ಽ߆ࠄߪߕߒ‫ ޔ‬࿯࿾ ⸽ᦠ㧔ࡁ࡯࠰࡯㧕ࠍ⊒ⴕ࡮ઃਈߔࠆ‫ߦߎߤޔߚ߹ޕ‬࿖᳃ߩᚲ᦭࿾߿↪⋉࿾߇޽ࠆߩ߆ࠍ⺞ߴႎ๔ߔࠆછോߦᒰߚࠄߖࠆߚ߼ߦ‫ޔ‬ฦ㇭ߦ࿯࿾ዪ⡯ຬࠍᦠ⸥ߣߔࠆᆔຬળࠍ⸳⟎ߔࠆ╬ߢ޽ࠆ=UT  ?‫ߩߎޔߒߛߚޕ‬᳿⼏ߪ‫ޔ‬ㄘᬺ࡮දห⚵ว⋭㧔᫪ᨋዪ㧕߿࿖ኅ቟ో଻㓚⹏⼏ળ UCRJCMJYCOOCPMJQPIJGPIEJCV ╬߆ࠄߩ෻ኻࠍ๭߮‫ޔ‬߶߷  ࡨ᦬ᓟߦߪᱜᑼߦขࠅᶖߐࠇߡ޿
ߚ=UT‫;ޔ‬QPI[QVGF?‫ޕ‬
11 㧕 ࠲ࠗߩ᫪ᨋ߿ㄘ࿾ߩჇᷫ₸ߪ‫ࠇߘޔ‬એ೨ߣᲧߴ‫ߦ․ޔ‬ ᐕઍߦ౉ࠅ‫ࠅߥ߆⷗৻ޔ‬቟ቯߒߚࠃ߁ߦ⷗߃ߚ‫ޔ߇ߛޕ‬ߘࠇߪో૕ߣߒߡߩ⹤ߢ‫ޔ‬ർㇱ߿᧲ർㇱߥߤߩ৻ㇱ⋵ߢߪᧂߛߦ᫪ᨋ㕙Ⓧߩᷫዋ߽ㄘ࿾㕙ⓍߩჇᄢ߽⷗ࠄࠇߚ㧔‫ޟ‬ෳ⠨ᢥ
₂‫ޠ‬ᰣ᫪ᨋ⛔⸘ߩઁߦ YYYQCGIQVJ╬ෳᾖ㧕‫࠻࠶ࡄ࡜ࡊޕ‬ߩ⸒߁‫〝ޟࠆࠁࠊ޿ޔ‬਄ߩ᡽ᴦ‫  ߪޠ‬ᐕએ㒠‫⼔଻ߦ․ޔ‬ᨋၞౝߩ࿯࿾ࠍᎼߞߡ⿠ߎࠅ‫ޔ‬ߘࠇࠄߩㄘ࿾ᡷ㕟඙ൻ߿․೎
࠰࡯࠻࡯ࠦ࡯੐ᬺ࿾ൻ╬ߩ᡽╷߽಴ߐࠇߚ‫ᧄޔࠅ߹ߟޕ‬Ⓜߩ
⸒޿ᣇߦߥࠄ߃߫‫⼔଻ޔ‬ᨋၞౝߩ‫ޟ‬㤥‫ߚߞߛޠ‬࿯࿾㧔࿖᦭଻ోᨋၞᤨߪ‫ޔ߇ߚߞߛޠ࡯࡟ࠣޟ‬ᒰዪߩ଻⼔ᨋၞᜰቯߦࠃࠅ
ㅒߦ‫ޟ‬㤥‫ޠ‬ൻߒߡ޿ߚߣߎࠈߣ‫ޟߡߒ⽾৻ߣ߽ߣ߽ޔ‬㤥‫ߛޠ‬ߞߚߣߎࠈߩ‫ޔ‬෺ᣇࠍ฽߻㧕ߩ‫ޠ⊕ޟ‬ൻ߿‫ޠ࡯࡟ࠣޟ‬ൻߩ᡽╷᳿ቯ߇૗ᐲ߆ਅߐࠇߚ‫ߩߘޕ‬ᓟ‫ ޔ‬ᐕ  ᦬  ᣣ᳿⼏ߢߪ‫ޔ‬‫⼔଻ޟ‬ᵷ㧺㧳㧻‫߿ޠ‬ർㇱૐ࿾ㄘ᳃ࠣ࡞࡯ࡊߩഥ൓߽ᚻવ
޿‫ޔ‬᫪ᨋⴕ᡽஥߇Ꮞ߈㄰ߒࠍ࿑ࠅ‫ޔ‬਄⸥ߩࠃ߁ߥ᡽╷௑ะߩㅴⴕߦࡉ࡟࡯ࠠࠍ߆ߌ‫ޔ‬หᤨߦ৻ㇱߢߪࠃࠅ෩ᩰߥ᡽╷਄ߩ
▤ℂේೣࠍᜬߜㄟ߻ߎߣߦ߽ᚑഞߒߚ=-WTCUJKOCCPF
,COTQGPRTWEMUC?‫ߩߎޔߡߒߘޕ‬᳿⼏ߪ‫ࠆ޽ޔ‬᫪ᨋⴕ᡽ᒰዪ஥ߩ࠙ࠚࡉࠨࠗ࠻=YYYFPRIQVJYCVGTUJGF?
਄ߢߪ‫ ޔ‬ᐕ  ᦬ߩᤨὐߢ߽⏕⹺ߢ߈ߚ‫ࠇߘޔߒߛߚޕ‬ߢ‫ޔ‬ᧄᵈ౨㗡ߩࠃ߁ߥ࿯࿾೑↪േᘒߩ௑ะ߇߹ߞߚߊᶖ߃ߡ
޿ߚߩ߆ߣ⸒߃߫‫♖ߩ⸘⛔ޕ޿ߥߪߢ߁ߘߊࠄߘ߅ޔ‬ᐲ⥄૕ߦ⇼໧ߪ޽ࠆ߽ߩߩ‫ޔ‬ዋߥߊߣ߽᫪ᨋߦ㒢ߞߡߺߚ႐ว‫ᧂޔ‬ߛ᫪ᨋ㕙Ⓧ߇ᷫዋߒߡ޿ࠆ⋵߽㧔 ᐕ㧙 ᐕ㑆㧕޽ߞ
ߚ=YYYHQTGUVIQVJUVCV?‫ޔ߅ߥޕ‬᫪ᨋ⛔⸘ߦ㑐ߒߡઃ⸒ߒߡ߅ߌ߫‫ ޔ‬ᐕ㧙 ᐕ㑆ߢⴡᤊ౮⌀↹௝ߩ⸃ᨆᣇᴺ
ߦᄢ߈ߥᄌൻ߇޽ߞߚߩߢ‫ޔ‬ߘߩᛒ޿ߦߪᵈᗧ߇ᔅⷐߢ޽ࠆ‫ޕ‬⹦ߒߊߪ $CPIMQM2QUV=‫?ޔ‬ෳᾖ‫ޕ‬

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࠲ࠗߦ߅ߌࠆ‫ޟ‬᫪ᨋ࿾‫ޠ‬ౝㄘ࿾ᒻᚑ࡮⛽ᜬߩೋᦼ⊛ࡔࠞ࠾࠭ࡓ

‫ޣ‬ෳ⠨ᢥ₂‫ޤ‬㪘㫅㫅㪸㫇㩷 㪚㪿㪸㫀㫇㪿㫆㫅㫋㪿㫆㫅㫉㪸㫋㩷 㫅㪅㪻㪅㪸㪅㩷 㪢㪿㫎㪸㫄㫉㫌㩷 㫇㪿㫌㫅㩷 㫋㪿㪸㫅㩷 㫂㪸㫅㩷 㪺㪸㫄㫅㪼㫂㩷 㫇㫉㪸㫇㪿㪼㫋㩷 㫋㪿㫀㪻㫀㫅㪅㩷 㪪㪸㫄㫅㪸㫂㩷 㪸㫅㫌㫉㪸㫂㩷 㫋㪿㪸㫇㪿㪸㫐㪸㫂㫆㫅㩷㫋㪿㪸㫄㪸㪺㪿㪸㫋㪅㩷 㩷㵪㵪㵪㩷 㫅㪅㪻㪅㪹㪅㩷㪧㪸㫄㪸㫀㩷㫋㪿㪸㫎㫆㫅㩷㫋㪸㫄㩷㫄㪸㫋㫀㩷㫂㪿㪸㫅㪸㫉㪸㫋㫋㪿㪸㫄㫆㫅㫋㫉㫀㪅㩷㪪㪸㫄㫅㪸㫂㩷㪸㫅㫌㫉㪸㫂㩷㫋㪿㪸㫇㪿㪸㫐㪸㫂㫆㫅㩷㫋㪿㪸㫄㪸㪺㪿㪸㫋㪅㩷㪘㫉㫌㫅㪼㪼㫇㫌㫅㩷 㪟㫌㫅㪾㫊㪸㫅㪸㫍㫀㫅㩷 㪈㪐㪏㪇㪅㩷 㪢㪸㫅㫊㫌㫂㫊㪸㩷 㫂㪸㫅㪻㪸㫄㫅㫌㫅㪾㪸㫅㩷 㫋㪿㪸㫄㩷 㫄㪸㫀㩷 㫊㫌㫅㪾㩷 㫂㪿㫆㫅㪾㩷 㫉㪸㫋㫎㫀㫊㪸㪿㪸㫂㫀㫋㩷 㫅㪸㫀㩷 㫇㫉㪸㫋㪿㪼㫋㩷 㫋㪿㪸㫀㪅㩷㪚㪿㫌㫃㪸㫃㫆㫅㪾㫂㫆㫅㩷㫄㪸㪿㪸㫎㫀㫋㪿㪸㫐㪸㫉㪸㫀㪅㩷㪙㫆㫉㫎㫆㫉㫅㫊㪸㫂㩷㪬㫎㪸㫅㫅㫆㩷㪈㪐㪐㪋㪅㩷㪧㪿㪸㫋㫋㪿㪸㫅㪸㫂㪸㫅㩷㫂㪿㫆㫅㪾㩷㫂㫆㫋㫄㪸㫀㩷㵰㫇㪸㫄㪸㫀㵱㩷㪫㪿㪸㫀㪑㩷㪺㪸㫂㩷㵰㪹㫌㫂㪹㫌㪼㫂㵱㩷㫋㪿㫀㩷㪻㪸㫀㩷㫉㪸㫇㩷㫂㪸㫅㫊㫆㫅㪾㫊㫌㪼㫄㩷㫄㪸㩷㫇㪼㫅㩷 㵰㪹㫌㫂㫉㫌㫂㵱㩷 㫋㪿㫀㩷 㫋㫆㫅㪾㩷 㪺㪸㫇㩷 㫂㫌㫄㪅㩷 㪍㪇㩷 㫇㫀㩷 㫉㪸㪺㪿㪸㪹㪸㫅㪻㫀㫋㫐㪸㫊㪸㫋㪿㪸㫅㩷 㪊㪈㩷 㫄㫀㫅㪸㫂㪿㫆㫄㩷 㪉㪋㪎㪍㩷 㵨 㩷 㪉㪌㪊㪎㪅㫇㫇㪈㪋㪊㪄㪈㪏㪍㪅㩷㪩㪸㪺㪿㪸㪹㪸㫅㪻㫀㫋㫐㪸㫊㪸㫋㪿㪸㫅㪅㩷㪙㫌㫅㫊㫆㫅㪾㩷㪪㪸㪹㫉㪸㫊㫋㫉㫀㩷㪈㪐㪏㪌㪅㩷㪪㪸㫋㪿㪸㫅㪸㫂㪸㫅㩷㫇㪸㩷㫊㪸㪾㫌㪸㫅㩷㪿㪼㫅㪾㩷㪺㪿㪸㫋㪅㩷㪢㫉㫆㫄㩷㫇㪸㫄㪸㫀㪅㩷㪚㪸㫅㫐㪸㩷㪮㪼㫆㫎㫌㫋㪿㫀㫅㪸㫅㪅㩷㪈㪐㪎㪎㪅㩷㪩㫌㪸㫄㩷㫂㫆㫋㫄㪸㫀㩷㫎㪸㩷㪻㫌㪸㫀㩷㫇㪸㫄㪸㫀㩷㫃㪼㩷㫊㪸㫋㫇㪸㪅㩷㪢㫉㫆㫄㩷㫇㪸㫄㪸㫀㪅㩷㵪㵪㵪㩷 㪈㪐㪐㪇㪅㩷㪢㪿㫎㪸㫄㫉㫌㩷㫊㪸㫄㫉㪸㫇㩷㫇㫉㪸㪺㪿㪸㪺㪿㫆㫅㩷㫎㪸㪻㫌㪸㫀㩷㫋㪿㪸㫇㪿㪸㫐㪸㫂㫆㫅㩷㫇㪸㫄㪸㫀㩷㫃㪼㩷㫊㪸㫋㫇㪸㪅㩷 㩷㵪㵪㵪㩷 㪉㪇㪇㪇㪅㩷㪩㫌㪸㫄㩷㫂㫆㫋㫄㪸㫀㩷㫎㪸㩷㪻㫌㪸㫀㩷㫇㪸㫄㪸㫀㩷㫃㪼㩷㫊㪸㫋㫇㪸㪅㩷㪢㫉㫆㫄㩷㫇㪸㫄㪸㫀㪅㩷㪚㪿㪸㫃㪼㫌㫄㩷 㪪㫀㫉㫀㫎㫆㫅㩷㪈㪐㪌㪋㪅㩷㪥㪸㫐㫆㪹㪸㫀㩷㫂㪸㫅㩷㫇㪸㫄㪸㫀㩷㫃㪼㩷㫇㫉㪸㫎㪸㫋㫀㫂㪸㫅㩷㫇㪸㫄㪸㫀㩷㫂㪿㫆㫅㪾㩷㫇㫉㪸㫋㪿㪼㫋㩷㫋㪿㪸㫀㪅㩷㪪㪸㫄㫅㪸㫂㪾㪸㫅㩷㫊㫆㫅㫊㫌㪼㫄㩷㪸㪺㪿㫀㫎㪸㪅㩷㪢㪿㪸㫄㪹㪸㫅㫆㫅㪻㪸㪃㩷㪚㪿㪸㫃㪼㫉㫄㫉㪸㫋㪿㩷㪈㪐㪎㪉㪅㩷㪫㪿㪸㫀㫃㪸㫅㪻㵭㫊㩷㪧㫌㪹㫃㫀㪺㩷㪣㪸㫎㩷㪸㫅㪻㩷㪧㫆㫃㫀㪺㫐㩷㪽㫆㫉㩷㪚㫆㫅㫊㪼㫉㫍㪸㫋㫀㫆㫅㩷㪸㫅㪻㩷㪧㫉㫆㫋㪼㪺㫋㫀㫆㫅㩷㫆㪽㩷㪣㪸㫅㪻㩷㫎㫀㫋㪿㩷㪪㫇㪼㪺㫀㪸㫃㩷㪘㫋㫋㪼㫅㫋㫀㫆㫅㩷㫋㫆㩷㪝㫆㫉㪼㫊㫋㫊㩷㪸㫅㪻㩷㪥㪸㫋㫌㫉㪸㫃㩷㪘㫉㪼㪸㫊㪅㩷㪥㪠㪛㪘㪅㩷ർේ㩷 ᷕ㩷 㪈㪐㪎㪋㪅㩷 䇸䊤䊷䊙 㪌 ਎₺ᦼ䈱࿯࿾᡽╷䋭࿾⒅ᓽ෼䈫ᮭ೑⏕ቯ䈱㑐ଥ䉕ਛᔃ䈫䈚䈩䋭䇹㩷 䇺䉝䉳䉝⻉࿖╬䈮䈍䈔䉎࿯࿾᡽╷䇻㩷 㫇㫇㪉㪐㪊㪄㪊㪋㪊㪅㩷 䉝䉳䉝⚻ᷣ⎇ⓥᚲᚲౝ⾗ᢱ㪅㩷㵪㵪㵪㩷 㪉㪇㪇㪉㪸㪅䇸䉺䉟ㄭઍ䈮䈍䈔䉎ዊㄘഃ಴⊛࿯࿾᡽╷䈻䈱㆏㩿਄㪀䇹㩷 䇺⚻ᷣ⑼ቇ䇻㩷 㪌㪇㩿㪉㪀㩷㫇㫇㪉㪈㪄㪋㪇㪅㩷㵪㵪㵪㩷 㪉㪇㪇㪉㪹㪅䇸䉺䉟ㄭઍ䈮䈍䈔䉎ዊㄘഃ಴⊛࿯࿾᡽╷䈻䈱㆏㩿ਅ㪀䇹㩷 䇺⚻ᷣ⑼ቇ䇻㩷 㪌㪇㩿㪊㪀㩷㫇㫇㪉㪈㪄㪋㪇㪅㩷㪢㫀㫋㪸㪿㪸㫉㪸㪃㩷㪘㫋㫊㫌㫊㪿㫀㩷㪉㪇㪇㪊㪅㩷㪣㪸㫅㪻㩷㪚㫆㫅㪺㪼㫊㫊㫀㫆㫅㩷㪧㫆㫃㫀㪺㫐㩷㪽㫆㫉㩷㫋㪿㪼㩷㪬㫇㫃㪸㫅㪻㩷㪝㫉㫆㫅㫋㫀㪼㫉㩷㫀㫅㩷㪤㫆㪻㪼㫉㫅㩷㪫㪿㪸㫀㫃㪸㫅㪻㪅㩷㫀㫅㩷㪘㫂㫀㫉㪸㩷㪥㫆㫑㪸㫂㫀㩷㪸㫅㪻㩷㪚㪿㫉㫀㫊㩷 㪙㪸㫂㪼㫉㩷 㩿㪼㪻㪅㪀㪃㩷 㪭㫀㫃㫃㪸㪾㪼㩷 㪚㫆㫄㫄㫌㫅㫀㫋㫀㪼㫊㪃㩷 㪪㫋㪸㫋㪼㫊㪃㩷 㪸㫅㪻㩷 㪫㫉㪸㪻㪼㫉㫊㩷 㪜㫊㫊㪸㫐㫊㩷 㫀㫅㩷 㪟㫆㫅㫆㫌㫉㩷 㫆㪽㩷 㪚㪿㪸㫋㫋㪿㫀㫇㩷 㪥㪸㫉㫋㫊㫌㫇㪿㪸㪅㩷㪫㪿㪸㫀㪄㪡㪸㫇㪸㫅㪼㫊㪼㩷㪪㪼㫄㫀㫅㪸㫉㩷㪸㫅㪻㩷㪪㪸㫅㪾㫊㪸㫅㩷㪧㫌㪹㫃㫀㫊㪿㫀㫅㪾㩷㪟㫆㫌㫊㪼㪅㩷㪢㫆㫅㪾㩷㪺㪸㫋㫂㪸㫅㩷㫇㪸㫄㪸㫀㩷㫅㪅㪻㪅㩷㪩㪸㫀㩷㪺㪿㫌㩷㫇㪸㩷㫂㪿㫉㫆㫅㪾㫂㪸㫅㩷㫇㪿㪸㫂㩷㫋㪸㫎㪸㫅㩷㫆㫆㫂㩷㪺㪿㫀㪼㫅㪾㩷㫅㫌㪸㪅㩷㪢㫉㫆㫄㩷㫇㪸㫄㪸㫀㪅㩷㪢㫆㫅㪾㩷㪺㪸㫋㫂㪸㫅㩷㫋㪿㫀㪻㫀㫅㩷㫇㪸㩷㫊㪸㪾㫌㪸㫅㩷㪿㪼㫅㪾㩷㪺㪿㪸㫋㩷㫅㪅㪻㪅㪅㩷㪣㪸㫂㫂㪼㫅㩷㫂㪸㫅㪸㫅㫌㫐㪸㫋㩷㪿㪸㫀㩷㫂㪿㪸㫆㩷㫋㪿㪸㫄㩷㫇㫉㪸㫐㫆㫋㩷㫅㪸㫀㩷㫇㪿㫌㫅㫋㪿㫀㩷㫇㪸㫄㪸㫀㩷㫇㪼㫅㩷㫂㪸㫅㩷㪺㪿㫌㪸㫂㪿㫉㪸㫆㪅㩷㪢㫉㫆㫄㩷㫇㪸㫄㪸㫀㪅㩷㵪㵪㵪㩷 㪈㪐㪏㪈㪅㩷㪩㪸㫀㪾㪸㫅㩷㫇㪿㫆㫅㫂㪸㫅㩷㫇㪸㫋㪿㫀㪹㪸㫋㪾㪸㫅㩷㫇㫉㪸㪺㪸㫄㩷㫇㫀㩷㪉㪌㪉㪋㪅㩷㪢㫉㫆㫄㩷㫇㪸㫄㪸㫀㪅㩷㪢㫉㫆㫄㩷㫇㪸㫄㪸㫀㩷㪈㪐㪌㪏䌾㪎㪈㪅㩷㪩㪸㫀㪾㪸㫅㩷㫇㫉㪸㪺㪸㫄㫇㫀㩷㫊㪸㪻㪼㫅㪾㩷㫂㫀㫋㪺㪸㫂㪸㫅㩷㫇㪸㫄㪸㫀㪅㩷 㩷㵪㵪㵪㩷 㪈㪐㪎㪉䌾㪎㪐㪅㩷㪩㪸㫀㪾㪸㫅㩷㫇㫉㪸㪺㪸㫄㫇㫀㪅㩷 㩷㵪㵪㵪㩷 㪈㪐㪏㪊䇮㪈㪐㪏㪏䇮㪈㪐㪐㪉䇮㪈㪐㪐㪍㪹䇮㪈㪐㪐㪐㪅㩷㪪㪸㫋㪿㫀㫋㫀㩷㫂㪸㫅㫇㪸㫄㪸㫀㩷㫂㪿㫆㫅㪾㩷㫇㫉㪸㫋㪿㪼㫋㫋㪿㪸㫀㪅㩷 㩷 㩷㵪㵪㵪㩷 㪈㪐㪐㪊㪅㩷㪜㫂㪸㫊㪸㫅㩷㫇㫉㪸㫂㫆㫇㩷㫂㪸㫅㫇㫉㪸㪺㪿㫌㫄㩷㫉㫌㪸㫅㪾㩷㫂㪿㫉㫆㫅㪾㫂㪸㫅㩷㫇㪿㫌㫂㫋㪿㫆㫅㩷㫊㪸㫇㪿㪸㫇㩷㫇㪸㩷㫋㪿㫀㩷㫇㪼㫅㩷㫋㪿㫀㩷㫋㪸㫅㪾㩷㪺㪿㫌㫄㪺㪿㫆㫅㪅㩷㵪㵪㵪㩷 㪈㪐㪐㪍㪸㪅㩷㪈㪇㪇㩷㫇㫀㩷㫂㫉㫆㫄㩷㫇㪸㫄㪸㫀㪅㩷㵪㵪㵪㩷 㪉㪇㪇㪇㪸㪅㩷㪩㪸㫀㪾㪸㫅㩷㫇㫉㪸㪺㪸㫄㫇㫀㪅㩷 㩷㵪㵪㵪㩷 㪉㪇㪇㪇㪹㪅㩷㪢㪿㫆㫇㫂㪿㪼㫋㩷㫃㪼㩷㫂㪿㫆㫄㫌㫅㩷㪹㫌㪸㫅㪾㫋㫆㫅㩷㫂㪿㫆㫅㪾㩷㫂㪿㪼㫋㩷㫉㪸㫂㫊㪸㩷㫇㪿㪸㫅㩷㫊㪸㫋㫇㪸㩷㫅㪸㫀㩷㫇㫉㪸㫋㪿㪼㫋㫋㪿㪸㫀㪅㩷㪢㫉㫆㫄㩷㫇㪸㫋㫋㪿㪸㫅㪸㩷㫋㪿㫀㪻㫀㫅㩷㪈㪐㪍㪐㪅㩷㪩㪸㫀㪾㪸㫅㩷㫂㪸㫅㫊㪸㫄㫋㫉㫌㪸㫋㩷㫉㫌㪸㫅㪾㩷㫄㫌㫅㪿㪼㫋㩷㫂㪿㫆㫅㪾㩷㫂㪸㫅㪹㫌㫂㫉㫌㫂㩷㫋㪿㪸㫄㫃㪸㫀㩷㫇㪸㪅㩷㪢㫉㫆㫄㩷㫋㪿㫀㪻㫀㫅㩷㪈㪐㪐㪊㪅㩷 㪢㪸㫅㫇㫉㪸㪺㪿㫌㫄㩷㪺㪿㫀㪺㪼㫅㪾㩷㫄㪸㫋㫀㩷㫂㪿㪸㫅㪸㫉㪸㫋㪸㫄㫆㫅㫋㫉㫀㩷㫉㫌㪸㫅㪾㩷㫅㪼㫆㩷㫋㪿㪸㫅㪾㩷㫂㪼㩷㫂㪿㪸㫀㩷㫇㪸㫅㪿㪸㩷㫂㫀㪸㫆㫂㪸㫇㩷㫋㪿㫀㪻㫀㫅㩷㫅㪸㫀㩷㫂㪼㫋㩷㫇㪸㪅㩷
㪢㫌㫉㪸㫊㪿㫀㫄㪸㪃㪫㪸㫂㪸㫐㫌㫂㫀㩷 㪸㫅㪻㩷 㪡㪸㫄㫉㫆㪼㫅㫇㫉㫌㪺㫂㫊㪸㪃㩷 㪤㫆㫅㫋㫆㫅㩷 㪉㪇㪇㪌㪅㩷 㪧㫆㫃㫀㪺㫐㩷 㪸㫅㪻㩷 㪧㫆㫃㫀㫋㫀㪺㫊㩷 㪩㪼㫃㪸㫋㪼㪻㩷 㫋㫆㩷 㪫㪿㪸㫀㩷 㪦㪺㪺㫌㫇㫀㪼㪻㩷 㪝㫆㫉㪼㫊㫋㩷㪘㫉㪼㪸㫊㩷 㫀㫅㩷 㫋㪿㪼㩷 㪈㪐㪐㪇㫊㩷 㪑㩷 㪛㪼㫄㫆㪺㫉㪸㫋㫀㫑㪸㫋㫀㫆㫅㩷 㪸㫅㪻㩷 㪧㪼㫉㫊㫀㫊㫋㪼㫅㫋㩷 㪚㫆㫅㪽㫉㫆㫅㫋㪸㫋㫀㫆㫅㪅㪫㫆㫅㪸㫅㩷 㪘㫁㫀㪸㩷 㪢㪼㫅㫂㫐㫌㩷 㩿㪪㫆㫌㫋㪿㪼㪸㫊㫋㩷 㪘㫊㫀㪸㫅㩷㪪㫋㫌㪻㫀㪼㫊㪀㩷㪋㪊㩿㩷㪈㪀㪅㩷㫇㫇㪎㪍㪄㪐㪎㪅㩷᧛᎑⧷ᴦ 㪈㪐㪏㪇㪅㩷 䇸㪎㪇 ᐕઍ䈮䈍䈔䉎䉺䉟ㄘ᳃ㆇേ䈱ዷ㐿䋭䉺䉟ㄘ᳃䈱᡽ᴦ㑐ਈ䈫᡽ᴦ᭴ㅧ䋭䇹㩷 䇺䉝䉳䉝⚻ᷣ䇻㩷㪉㪈㩿㪉㪀㩷 㩷 㫇㫇㪉㪄㪊㪈㪅㩷㪥㪸㫉㪸㪺㪿㫆㫆㫎㫆㫅㪾㩷㪣㫆㫂㪸㫂㪸㫃㫀㫅㩷㪈㪐㪐㪍㪅㩷㪥㪸㫐㫆㪹㪸㫀㩷㫂㪿㫆㫅㪾㩷㫉㪸㫋㩷㫃㪼㩷㫄㪸㫋㫉㪸㫂㪸㫅㩷㫋㪿㪸㫅㪾㩷㫂㫆㫋㫄㪸㫀㩷㫅㪸㫀㩷㫂㪸㫅㩷㫇㫆㫅㪾㫂㪸㫅㩷㫃㪼㩷㫂㪼㩷㫂㪿㪸㫀㩷㫇㪸㫅㪿㪸㩷㫂㪸㫅㩷㪹㫌㫂㫉㫌㫂㩷㫋㪿㫀㩷㫊㪸㫋㪿㪸㫉㪸㫅㪸㩷㫊㫆㫄㪹㪸㫋㩷㫂㪿㫆㫅㪾㩷㫇㪿㪼㫅㪻㫀㫅㪑㩷㫂㪸㫉㪸㫅㫀㩷㫊㫌㫂㫊㪸㩷㫇㪿㫌㫅㫋㪿㫀㩷㫇㪸㩷㫄㪸㫀㪅㩷㪚㪿㫌㫃㪸㫃㫆㫅㪾㫂㫆㫅㩷㫄㪸㪿㪸㫎㫀㫋㪿㪸㫐㪸㫉㪸㫀㪅㩷㪥㫆㫅㫋㪿㪸㫇㪿㪸㫅㩷 㪧㪿㪸㫂㪻㫀㫇㪿㪸㫅㪻㫌㫅㪾㪻㪸㫅㩷 㪼㪻㪅㩷 㪉㪇㪇㪇㪅㩷 㪢㪿㪸㫄㫋㪿㪸㫃㪼㫅㩷 㫅㪸㫐㫆㪹㪸㫀㩷 㫂㪿㫆㫅㪾㩷 㫉㪸㫋㫋㪿㪸㪹㪸㫅㩷 㫋㫆㩷 㫉㪸㫋㫋㪿㪸㫊㪸㫇㪸㩿㪧㪿㫆㪅㩷 㪪㫆㪅㩷㪉㪋㪎㪌㪄㪉㪌㪋㪊㪀㪅㩷㪥㫆㫇㪿㪸㫋㩷 㪢㫆㪻㫆㫅㩷 㪈㪐㪐㪐㪅㩷 㪢㪸㫅㫎㫀㫂㪿㫉㫆㩷 㫅㪸㫐㫆㪹㪸㫀㩷 㫃㪼㩷 㫂㪸㫅㫇㪸㫋㪿㫀㪹㪸㫋㩷 㫂㪿㫆㫅㪾㩷 㫉㪸㫋㩷 㫅㪸㫀㩷 㫂㪸㫅㪸㫅㫌㫉㪸㫂㩷 㫋㪿㪸㫇㪿㪸㫐㪸㫂㫆㫅㩷 㫇㪸㫄㪸㫀㩷 㫃㪼㩷 㫇㪿㫆㫅㩷㫂㫉㪸㫋㪿㫆㫇㩷㫋㫆㩷㫂㪸㫅㫇㪿㪸㫋㫋㪿㪸㫅㪸㪅㩷㪮㪸㫉㪸㫊㪸㫅㩷㫎㫀㪺㪸㫀㩷㫊㪸㫅㪾㫂㪿㫆㫄㩷㪈㩿㪉㪀㪅㩷㫇㫇㪏㪋㪄㪈㪇㪋㪅㩷㪧㪿㪸㫋㪿㪸㫇㪿㫆㫅㪾㩷 㪧㪿㫆㫅㪾㫅㫀㫂䊶㪪㪸㫀㫋㪿㫀㫇㩷 㪪㫌㫂㫋㫀㫇㪿㪸㫅㩷 㪉㪇㪇㪈㪅㩷 㪧㪿㪸㫅㪿㪸㩷 㫇㪸㩷 㫄㪸㫀㩷 㫃㪼㩷 㫋㪿㫀㪻㫀㫅㩷 㫅㪸㫀㩷 㫂㪿㪼㫋㩷 㫇㪸㩷 㪸㫅㫌㫉㪸㫂㩷 㪑㫄㫀㫋㪿㫀㩷 㫋㪿㪸㫅㪾㩷― 52 ―

࠲ࠗ⎇ⓥ NO.7 2007㫂㫉㪸㪹㫌㪸㫅㫂㪸㫅㩷㫐㫌㫋㫀㫋㪿㪸㫄㩷㫃㪼㩷㫂㪸㫅㪹㪸㫅㫂㪿㪸㫇㪺㪿㪸㫀㩷㫂㫆㫋㫄㪸㫀㪅㩷㪮㪸㫉㪸㫊㪸㫅㩷㫅㫀㫋㫀㫊㪸㫋㩷㪋㪅㩷㫇㫇㪎㪈㪏㪄㪎㪋㪌㪅㩷㪧㪿㪸㫋㫂㫆㫅㩷㪚㪿㫌㫅㫌㫉㪸㫀㩷㪈㪐㪐㪊㪅㩷㪢㪿㪸㫄㩷㪸㫋㪿㫀㪹㪸㫀㩷㫂㫆㫋㫄㪸㫀㩷㫋㪿㫀㪻㫀㫅㩷㪺㪿㪸㪹㪸㫇㩷㫇㪿㫀㫄㩷㫇㫀㩷㫇㪿㫆㪅㩷㫊㫆㪅㩷㪉㪌㪊㪍㩷㫋㪸㫄㩷㫇㫉㪸㫄㫌㪸㫅㩷㫂㫆㫋㫄㪸㫀㩷㫋㪿㫀㪻㫀㫅㩷㫇㪿㫆㪅㩷㫊㫆㪅㩷㪉㪋㪐㪎㩷㫃㪼㩷㫂㫆㫋㫄㪸㫀㩷㫌㫅㩷㫋㪿㫀㩷㫂㫀㫆㫂㪸㫇㩷㫂㪿㫆㫅㪾㩷㫂㪸㫇㩷㫋㪿㫀㪻㫀㫅㪅㩷㪤㪸㪿㪸㫎㫀㫋㪿㪸㫐㪸㫃㪸㫀㩷㪫㪿㪸㫄㪸㫊㪸㫋㪅㩷㪧㫉㪸㪻㫀㫋㩷㪮㪸㫅㪸㫇㪿㫀㫋㪸㫂㩷㪈㪐㪎㪌㪅㩷㪤㫌㪹㪸㫅㩷㫇㪸㫄㪸㫀㪅㩷㪮㪸㫉㪸㫊㪸㫅㩷㫇㪿㪸㫋㪿㪸㫅㪸㩷㫋㪿㫀㪻㫀㫅㩷㪈㪈㪍㪅㩷㫇㫇㪈㪇㪄㪈㪋㪅㩷㵪㵪㵪㩷 㫅㪅㪻㪅㪅㩷㪢㪿㪸㫄㩷㪹㪸㫅㫐㪸㫀㩷㫂㫆㫋㫄㪸㫀㩷㫎㪸㩷㪻㫌㪸㫀㩷㫇㪸㩷㫊㪸㪾㫌㪸㫅㩷㪿㪼㫅㪾㪺㪿㪸㫋㪅㩷㪤㪸㪿㪸㫎㫀㫋㪿㪸㫐㪸㫃㪸㫀㩷㪢㪸㫊㪼㫊㪸㫋㪅㩷㪩㫀㪾㪾㪃㩷㪡㫆㫅㪸㫋㪿㪸㫅㩷㪈㪐㪐㪊㪅㩷㪝㫆㫉㪼㫊㫋㫊㩷㪸㫅㪻㩷㪝㪸㫉㫄㪼㫉㫊㪃㩷㪣㪸㫅㪻㩷㪸㫅㪻㩷㪣㫀㫍㪼㫃㫀㪿㫆㫆㪻㫊㪃㩷㪚㪿㪸㫅㪾㫀㫅㪾㩷㪩㪼㫊㫆㫌㫉㪺㪼㩷㪩㪼㪸㫃㫀㫋㫀㪼㫊㩷㫀㫅㩷㪫㪿㪸㫀㫃㪸㫅㪻㪅㩷㪞㫃㫆㪹㪸㫃㩷㪜㪺㫆㫃㫆㪾㫐㩷㪸㫅㪻㩷㪙㫀㫆㪾㪼㫆㪾㫉㪸㫇㪿㫐㩷㪣㪼㫋㫋㪼㫉㫊㩷㩿㪈㪐㪐㪊㪀㩷㪊㪅㫇㫇㪉㪎㪎㪄㪉㪏㪐㪅㩷 㩷㪪㪸㫄㫅㪸㫂㪾㪸㫅㩷㫂㪸㫅㫇㪸㫋㪿㫀㫉㫌㫇㩷㫋㪿㫀㪻㫀㫅㩷㫇㪿㫌㫎㪸㩷㫂㪸㫊㪼㫋㫋㪸㫂㪸㫄㩷㫅㪅㪻㪅㪅㩷㪚㪸㫄㫅㫌㪸㫅㩷㫅㫌㪸㫋㪿㫀㩷㪹㫌㫂㫉㫌㫂㩷㫃㪼㩷㪺㪸㫄㫅㫌㪸㫅㩷㫇㪿㫌㩷㪹㫌㫂㫉㫌㫂㩷㫅㪸㫀㩷㫂㪿㪼㫋㩷㫇㪸㩷㫊㪸㪾㫌㪸㫅㩷㪿㪼㫅㪾㩷㪺㪿㪸㫋㪅㩷㪪㪸㫄㫅㪸㫂㪾㪸㫅㩷㫃㪼㫂㪿㪸㫋㪿㫀㫂㪸㫅㩷㫉㪸㫋㪿㪸㫊㪸㫇㪿㪸㩷㪈㪐㪍㪐㪅㩷㪩㪸㫀㪾㪸㫅㩷㫇㫉㪸㪺㪿㫌㫄㩷㫊㪸㫇㪿㪸㩷㫇㪿㫌㫋㪿㪼㫅㩷㫉㪸㫊㪸㪻㫆㫅㪅㪲㫄㫀㪺㫉㫆㩷㪽㫀㫃㫄㪴㪅㩷㵪㵪㵪㩷 㪈㪐㪎㪇㪅㩷㪩㪸㫀㪾㪸㫅㩷㫂㪸㫅㫇㫉㪸㪺㪿㫌㫄㩷㫊㪸㫇㪿㪸㩷㫇㪿㫌㫋㪿㪼㫅㩷㫊㪸㫄㪸㫀㩷㫊㪸㫄㪸㫅㩷㫂㪿㫉㪸㫅㪾㩷㫋㪿㫀㩷㪈㪈㪄㪈㪋㩷㪅㩷㪪㪸㫐㪸㫄㫆㫅㩷㪢㪸㫀㫐㫆㫉㪸㫎㪸㫅㪾㩷㪈㪐㪐㪌㪅㩷㪧㪸㫅㪿㪸㩷㫋㪿㪸㫅㪾㩷㫂㫆㫋㫄㪸㫀㩷㫃㪼㩷㫅㪸㫐㫆㪹㪸㫀㩷㫂㪿㫆㫅㪾㩷㫂㪸㫅㪺㪸㫀㩷㪸㫅㫌㫅㪸㫋㩷㫉㪸㫋㩷㫋㪿㫀㩷㫂㫀㪸㫆㫂㪸㫇㩷㫂㪸㫅㪺㪸㫋㫂㪸㫅㩷㫋㪿㫀㪻㫀㫅㩷㫅㪸㫀㩷㫂㪼㫋㩷㫇㪸㪅㩷㪚㪿㫌㫃㪸㫃㫆㫅㪾㫂㫆㫅㩷㫄㪸㪿㪸㫎㫀㫋㪿㪸㫐㪸㫉㪸㫀㪅㩷㊀౷⌀৻㩷 㪈㪐㪐㪎㪅㩷 䇸䉺䉟ㄘ᧛䈱㪲౒᦭࿾㪴䈮㑐䈜䉎࿯࿾೙ᐲ䇹㩷 ᳓㊁ᐢ␭䊶㊀౷⌀৻䋨✬䋩㩷 䇺᧲ධ䉝䉳䉝䈱⚻ᷣ㐿⊒䈫࿯࿾೙ᐲ䇻㩷 㫇㫇㪉㪍㪊㪄㪊㪇㪊㪅㩷 䉝䉳䉝⚻ᷣ⎇ⓥᚲ㪅㩷ᧃᑝ㩷 ᤘ㩷 㪉㪇㪇㪇㪅㩷 䇺䉨䊞䉾䉼䉝䉾䊒ဳᎿᬺൻ䇻㩷 ฬฎደᄢቇ಴ ળ㪅㩷䉴䊥䉼䊞䉟㩷 䉡䉤䊮䉧䉣䉥㩷 㩿ᯅᧄ␭ሶ⸶㪀㩷 㪈㪐㪏㪉㪅㩷 䇸䉺䉟䈮䈍䈔䉎ㄘ࿾ᡷ㕟䈫␠ળ⊒ዷ㵪ᣣᧄ䈱଀䈫䈱Ყセ䉕ㅢ䈚䈩䊷䇹㩷 䇺␠ળቇ⹏⺰䇻㩷 㪈㪉㪐㩷㫇㫇㪈㪍㪄㪉㪏㪅㩷↰ဈᢅ㓶㩷 㪈㪐㪐㪈㪅䇺ᾲᏪᨋ䈱⎕უ䈫⽺࿎ൻ䈱⚻ᷣቇ㪲䉺䉟⾗ᧄਥ⟵ൻ䈱࿾ၞ໧㗴㪴䇻㩷 ᓮ⨥䈱᳓ᦠᚱ㪅㩷㪫㪿㫀㪸㫄㩷㪢㪿㫆㫄㫂㫆㫃㫆㫋㩷㪈㪐㪎㪈㪅㩷㪥㪸㫐㫆㪹㪸㫀㩷㫂㪸㫅㩷㫇㪸㩷㫄㪸㫀㪅㩷㪤㪸㪿㪸㫎㫀㫋㪿㪸㫐㪸㫃㪸㫀㩷㫂㪸㫊㪼㫊㪸㫋㪅㩷෹᧖㩷 ቁ㩷 㪈㪐㪍㪎㪅㩷 䇸䉺䉟࿯࿾೙ᐲผ䊉䊷䊃㵪䉺䉟ㄘ᧛␠ળผ䈱⹜䉂㵪䇹㩷 ṚᎹീ䊶ᢧ⮮ੳ㩿✬㪀㩷 䇺䉝䉳䉝࿯࿾೙ᐲ䈫ㄘ᧛␠ળ᭴ㅧ㸈䇻㩷 㫇㫇㪍㪈䋭㪈㪈㪌㪅䉝䉳䉝⚻ᷣ⎇ⓥᚲ㪅㩷㵪㵪㵪㩷 㪈㪐㪎㪍㪅㩷 䇸䉺䉟䈮䈍䈔䉎࿯࿾ᚲ᦭䈱ዷ㐿ㆊ⒟䇹㩷 ᢧ⮮ੳ㩿✬㪀㩷 䇺䉝䉳䉝࿯࿾᡽╷⺰ᐨ⺑䇻㩷 㫇㫇㪉㪈㪊䋭㪉㪋㪏㪅㩷 䉝䉳䉝⚻ᷣ⎇ⓥᚲ㪅㩷㪭㪸㫅㪻㪼㫉㪾㪼㪼㫊㫋㪃㩷㪧㪼㫋㪼㫉㩷㪈㪐㪐㪍㪅㩷㪤㪸㫇㫇㫀㫅㪾㩷㪥㪸㫋㫌㫉㪼㪑㩷㪫㪼㫉㫉㫀㫋㫆㫉㫀㪸㫃㫀㫑㪸㫋㫀㫆㫅㩷㫆㪽㩷㪝㫆㫉㪼㫊㫋㩷㪩㫀㪾㪿㫋㫊㩷㫀㫅㩷㪫㪿㪸㫀㫃㪸㫅㪻㪅㩷 㪪㫆㪺㫀㪼㫋㫐㩷㪸㫅㪻㩷㪥㪸㫋㫌㫉㪸㫃㩷㪩㪼㫊㫆㫌㫉㪺㪼㫊㩷㪐㪅㫇㫇㪈㪌㪐㪄㪈㪎㪌㪅㩷㪮㪸㫅㫀㪻㪸㩷㪪㫀㫅㫇㪸㫎㫌㫋㩷㫅㪅㪻㪅㪸㪅㩷㪢㫆㫋㫄㪸㫀㩷㫋㪿㫀㪻㫀㫅㩷㪹㪸㫅㪾㩷㫊㫌㪸㫅㩷㫋㪿㫀㩷㫇㪿㪸㫅㪸㫂㪾㪸㫅㩷㫇㪸㫄㪸㫀㩷㫂㪿㫌㪸㫅㩷㫋㪿㪸㫇㪅㩷㪢㫉㫆㫄㩷㫇㪸㫄㪸㫀㪅㩷㵪㵪㵪㩷 㫅㪅㪻㪅㪹㪅㩷㪪㫆㪅㩷㫂㪿㫆㪅㩷㪈㪅㩷㪢㫉㫆㫄㩷㫇㪸㫄㪸㫀㪅㩷㪮㪸㫋㪿㪸㫅㪸㩷 㪢㪼㫆㫂㪸㫄㫅㫌㪼㫋㩷 㪈㪐㪐㪌㪅㩷 㪰㫌㫋㫋㪸㫊㪸㫋㩷 㫂㪸㫅㩷 㪺㪸㫋㫂㪸㫅㩷 㫇㪿㫌㫅㫋㪿㫀㩷 㫇㪸㩷 㪸㫅㫌㫉㪸㫂㩷 㪹㪼㫇㩷 㫐㪸㫅㪾㫐㫌㫅㪅㩷 㪮㫀㫋㪿㪸㫐㪸㫃㪸㫀㩷 㫇㫆㫅㪾㫂㪸㫅㩷㫉㪸㪺㪿㪸㪸㫅㪸㪺㪸㫂㪅㩷㪮㪸㫋㪿㪸㫅㪸㩷 㪥㫆㫅㫂㪿㫌㫂㪿㪼㫋㫂㪿㫆㫅㪾㩷 㪈㪐㪎㪈㪅㩷 㪢㪸㫅㩷 㫊㪸㫄㫉㫌㪸㫋㩷 㪺㪸㫄㫅㪼㫂㩷 㫇㫉㪸㫇㪿㪼㫋㩷 㫋㪿㫀㪻㫀㫅㪅㩷 㪮㪸㫉㪸㫊㪸㫅㩷 㫋㪿㫀㪻㫀㫅㩷 㪈㩷㫄㪸㫂㪸㫉㪸㫂㪿㫆㫄㪄㫂㫌㫄㫇㪿㪸㫇㪿㪸㫅㩷㪉㪌㪈㪋㪅㩷㫇㫇㪋㪐㪄㪌㪋㪅㩷㪰㫆㫅㪾㫐㫆㫋㩷 㪥㪸㩷 㪫㪿㪸㫃㪸㫅㪾㩷 㪼㪻㪅㩷 㪈㪐㪎㪍㪅㩷 㪧㪸㫅㪿㪸㩷 㫂㪸㫅㫆㫆㫂㩷 㫅㫆㪅㩷 㫊㫆㪅㩷 㪊㩷 㫂㪿㫀㫆㫂㪸㫇㩷 㫇㪸㩷 㫊㪸㪾㫌㪸㫅㩷 㪿㪼㫅㪾㩷 㪺㪿㪸㫋㪅㩷 㪮㪸㫉㪸㫊㪸㫅㩷 㫋㪿㫀㪻㫀㫅㩷 㪋㩷㫂㪸㫉㪸㫂㪸㪻㪸㫂㪿㫆㫄㪄㪪㫀㫅㪿㪸㫂㪿㫆㫄㩷㪉㪌㪈㪐㪅㩷㫇㫇㪊㪄㪈㪌㪅㩷㩷䋪 ᡽ᐭᢥᦠ䇮㫎㪼㪹 ⾗ᢱ䇮ᣂ⡞⸥੐䈮㑐䈚䈩㩿⊒ⴕᣣᤨ䇮⇟ภ╬㪀䈲ᧄᢥౝ䈱⸥ㅀෳᾖ䇯䈭䈍䇮᡽ᐭᢥᦠ䈱⇛ภ䈲䇮㫂㫊㩷 㩿㫂㫆㪅㫊㫆㪅㪀㩷 㪔㩷 㫂㫉㪸㫋㪿㫌㪸㫅㪾㩷 㫂㪸㫊㪼㫋㩷 㫃㪼㩷 㫊㪸㪿㪸㫂㫆㫅䇮㫄㫋㩷 㩿㫄㫆㪅㫋㪿㫆㪅㪀㩷 㪔㩷 㫂㫉㪸㫋㪿㫌㪸㫅㪾㩷 㫄㪸㪿㪸㫋㪿㪸㫀䇮㫊㫉㩷 㩿㫊㫆㪅㫉㫆㪅㪀㩷 㪔㩷 㫊㪸㫄㫅㪸㫂㩷㫃㪼㫂㪿㪸㫋㪿㫀㫂㪸㫅㩷㫂㪿㪸㫅㪸㩷㫉㪸㫋㪿㪸㫄㫆㫅㫋㫉㫀 䉕ᗧ๧䈜䉎䇯㩷― 53 ―