Planetary Defense
WebinarLink to the Website

DATE

September 9th, 2022

TIME

19:00 – 22:30 JST

PLACE

OnlineRegistration

Program“Basics of planetary defense and JAXA's activities”
19:00 ~
19:55
JST

When celestial bodies like asteroids or comets collide with theearth, they cause very big disasters. We want to avoid such disasters, andthe activity to avoid such disasters is called planetary defense orspaceguard. In this lecture we will explain the basics of planetary defense.
Then, we will show what is being done at JAXA in relation to planetarydefense. In particular, we will talk about discovery observations for small
fast-moving objects and the Hayabusa2 extended mission.

“ The ESA Hera mission: Rendezvous with binary asteroid
Didymos and investigation of the DART crater”

20:00 ~
20:55
JSTOn 26 September 2022 NASA's Double Asteroid Redirection Test(DART) spacecraft will impact Dimorphos, the satellite of asteroid (65803)
Didymos. ESA’s Hera spacecraft will rendezvous with Didymos four years
after the impact. It will perform the measurements necessary to understandthe effect of the DART impact on Dimorphos in detail, in particular bymeasuring its mass, and investigating its internal structure, and thus
determining the momentum transfer and detailed characterization of thecrater left by DART. Those investigations will be valuable for cratering
physics in general, as Hera has the unique opportunity to study a crater forwhich the impactor properties are accurately known . Finally, as the firstmission to a binary asteroid, Hera will study the mechanism of theformation of binary asteroids.

“ NASA’s Planetary Defense Activities and the DART Mission”

21:00 ~21:55
JST

NASA’s Planetary Defense Coordination Office leads a number ofplanetary defense activities, including: detection, tracking, andcharacterization of near-Earth objects; coordination of planning andresponse actions; and strategies to mitigate potential future impacts
with Earth. The Double Asteroid Redirection Test (DART) is one part ofNASA’s larger planetary defense portfolio and is the world’s first full-scaleplanetary defense test, demonstrating one method of asteroid deflection
technology. DART’s target asteroid is no threat to our planet but is anideal candidate for taking this first step to demonstrate asteroid
deflection via a kinetic impactor. DART is on its way to collide with theasteroid Dimorphos on 26 September 2022; for more information,
visit: https://dart.jhuapl.edu/.

22:00 ~ 22:30 JSTDiscussion

Profile
Dr. Makoto Yoshikawa
Associate professor, Institute of Spaceand Astronautical Science (ISAS), JAXAJAXA session
Dr. Makoto Yoshikawa is an associate professor at Institute of Space andAstronautical Science (ISAS) of Japan Aerospace Exploration Agency (JAXA). He received
Ph.D. in Astronomy from the University of Tokyo. For Hayabusa mission, he was theproject scientist for the second half of the mission period, and the project manager in thefinal phase. He was the first project manager of Hayabusa2 and then he worked as themission manager until the end of the mission. He is also working in the Deep Space
Tracking Technology Group in ISAS and he is now involving in the missions, such as
GEOTAIL, Akatsuki, Hayabusa2 extended mission, MMO, SLIM, DESTINY+, MMX, and somefuture missions. In the past, he worked for the missions of LUNAR-A (launch wascancelled), HALCA, Nozomi, and IKAROS. The research field is celestial mechanics,
especially the dynamics of small bodies in the solar system. He is working for the issues ofthe planetary defense. He attends to the NEO (Near Earth Object) working group of UN
COSPAR, SMPAG (Space Missions Planning Advisory Group), and IAWN (InternationalAsteroid Warning Network). He is the volunteer team leader for Planetary Defense in JAXA.

Dr. Yuya Mimasu
Researcher, Institute of Space andAstronautical Science (ISAS), JAXAJAXA session
Dr. Yuya Mimasu is a researcher at Japan Aerospace Exploration Agency (JAXA). He
graduated with a Ph.D. in Aerospace Engineering from the Kyushu University. After
graduation he has entered JAXA, and has been working on guidance, navigation andcontrol (AOCS) subsystem of Hayabusa2 mission which is JAXA’s sample return mission
from the asteroid. His research interests are astrodynamics and mission analysis aroundthe small body. Currently he is an operation leader of the extended mission of Hayabusa2.

Dr. Toshifumi Yanagisawa

Associate senior researcher, Researchand Development Directorate, JAXAJAXA session
Dr. Toshifumi Yanagisawa is an associate senior researcher at Japan Aerospace
Exploration Agency (JAXA). He received Ph.D. in Astrophysics from the Nagoya University. He
has been working on the observation technologies and the image-processing for space debris
and near-earth objects in Japan Aerospace Exploration Agency (JAXA) for more than 20 years.
He was the chairman of the working group 1 (space debris observation) of the Inter-Agency
Space Debris Coordination Committee (IADC) from 2017 to 2018.

Dr. Michael Küppers
Project Scientist, Planetary
Defense mission Hera of ESA
ESA/HERA session
Michael Küppers is currently the Project Scientist of the European Space Agency’s
Planetary Defense mission Hera and of the Comet Interceptor science mission. As a Planetary
Scientist, he has been working on the physics of small bodies for more than 20 years. His
Research focusses on the gas and dust activity of small bodies in the solar system and theevolution of surfaces. He is author of ~180 refereed publications, 13 of them as first author (2in Nature). He worked for the Rosetta mission for 15 years, as liaison scientist and uplink
coordinator in the Rosetta Science Operations Centre, and as co-Investigator in the OSIRIS
camera team. In addition, he was CoInvestigator on the HIFI instrument on Herschel and teammember on DISR on Huygens. He is experienced in the scientific operations of payload
instruments, having worked both in instrument teams at scientific institutions and in science
operations at ESA. Michael Küppers received his PhD in 1996 at the University of Göttingen,Germany, with a thesis on the plasma torus around Jupiter originating from its moon Io. Afterstaying as postdoc at Univ. of Colorado in Boulder and Univ. of Berne (Switzerland), he becamea member of the scientific staff at the Max-Planck-Institute for Solar System Research, where
he was responsible for the coordination of the science team of the OSIRIS cameras on Rosetta.
Since 2007, he has been an ESA staff member, stationed at the European Space Astronomy
Centre (ESAC) near Madrid.

Dr. Patrick Michel
Hera mission Principal Investigator,
Director of Research at Scientific
Research National Center (CNRS)
ESA/HERA session
Dr. Patrick Michel is an international expert of asteroids born in the famous village
SaintTropez in France. He is Director or Research at CNRS (French Scientific ResearchNational Center) and leads the Planetology team of the Lagrange laboratory at the Côted’Azur Observatory (Nice, France). With more than 200 publications in international peerreview journals, he develops numerical simulations of the impact process between
asteroids and of their surface and interior. He is the Principal Investigator (PI) of the ESA
Hera mission (launch in 2024), which will contribute to the first asteroid deflection testwith the NASA DART mission by investigating the binary asteroid target and the impact
outcome in great details. He is co-coordinator of the AIDA cooperation in support of both
DART and Hera missions. He is Co-Investigator of the two asteroid sample return space
missions, Hayabusa2 (JAXA) and OSIRIS-REx (NASA). He is co-PI of the CNES-DLR rover
onboard the Phobos sample return mission MMX (JAXA, launch in 2024). He is also
coordinating the NEO-MAPP project funded by the H2020 program of the European
Commission to study asteroid deflection and space instrumentations. He is the lead
Editor of the book Asteroids IV (University of Arizona Press, 2015), which reviews asteroid
knowledge. He is the President of the Near-Earth Object Working Group of theInternational Astronomical Union and a member of the Steering Committee of theInternational Asteroid Warning Network (IAWN). He was awarded the NASA Silver
Achievement Medal, the Carl Sagan Medal by the Division of Planetary Science of theAmerican Astronomical Society for Excellence in Public Communication in Planetary
Science, the Prize Paolo Farinella 2013 for his contribution to our understanding of thecollisional process, the Prize Young Researcher of the French Society of Astronomy andAstrophysics (SF2A) and the asteroid (7561) Patrickmichel is named after him.

Did you know?
Near-Earth Objects, or NEOs, are asteroids and comets that orbit the Sun and can passwithin 50 million kilometers of the orbit of the Earth. Out of around 30,000 NEOs that havebeen discovered so far, about 2,000 of them are potentially hazardous objects (PHOs), meaningthat they can get especially close to the Earth and are large enough to cause significant damage
if they collide with the Earth. The objective of planetary defense is to find, track, and study suchnear-Earth objects, and to prevent future asteroid impacts.

Dr. Thomas Statler
Program Scientist, DART missionof NASA
NASA/DART session
Dr. Thomas Statler is a planetary scientist at NASA Headquarters inWashington, DC, a member of NASA’s Planetary Defense Coordination Office andProgram Scientist for the Double Asteroid Redirection Test (DART) mission —humanity’s first attempt to change the motion of a natural celestial body in space
and the first full-scale test of an asteroid deflection technology.
At NASA HQ, Dr. Statler helps to develop and manage robotic space missions
to explore our Solar System, working closely with each mission’s Science Team tohelp turn their visions of discovery into reality. In addition to his role on DART, heserves as Program Scientist for the Lucy mission, now on its way to explore the stillunvisited Trojan asteroids, and for the Japan-led MMX mission, which will land onMars’s moon Phobos and return samples to Earth in 2029.
An accomplished scientist and educator, Dr. Statler earned his Ph.D. in
Astrophysics from Princeton University, and for nearly 20 years was professor ofphysics and astronomy at Ohio University and founding director of its AstrophysicalInstitute. His research has spanned topics from the collisions of multiple universes tosupermassive black holes and the spins and orbits of near-Earth asteroids.
Dr. Statler is an enthusiastic science communicator, and has given countless
public presentations, including radio shows, TV interviews, online videos, telescopenights, and stargazing hikes, and has collaborated with artists on space-themed
public exhibits. He is a past chair of the American Astronomical Society’s Division on
Dynamical Astronomy, and asteroid 9536 Statler is named in his honor.

What is JAXA Academy ?
JAXA Academy offers exciting opportunities for all of those who are eager to learn about
STEM subjects. One of the goals of SDGs (Sustainable Development Goals) is to provide
educational opportunities for all (Goal 4). It is a very difficult task, but JAXA’s Space Education
Center gives opportunities to connect people with diverse background through teaching andlearning. It will continue to extend its reach in the coming years to all who share the desire tosolve urgent global issues such as climate change. Come along and join us!
Find more about us here : https://edu.jaxa.jp/contents/english/academy/

Dr. Nancy Chabot
DART Coordination LeadJohns
Hopkins University Applied Physics
Laboratory
NASA/DART session
Dr. Nancy L. Chabot is a planetary scientist at the Johns Hopkins University Applied
Physics Laboratory (APL) in Laurel, MD, USA. She is the Coordination Lead on NASA’s DoubleAsteroid Redirection Test (DART) mission, the Deputy PI for the Mars-moon Explorationwith GAmma rays and NEutrons (MEGANE) instrument on the JAXA Martian MoonseXploration (MMX) mission, and an Interdisciplinary Scientist on the joint ESA-JAXA
BepiColombo mission. Previously on NASA’s MESSENGER mission, she served as theInstrument Scientist for the Mercury Dual Imaging System (MDIS) and the Chair of theGeology Discipline Group. She has been a member of five field teams with the Antarctic
Search for Meteorites (ANSMET) program, is a Fellow of the Meteoritical Society, andasteroid 6899 Nancychabot is named in her honor. She has served in community leadership
positions such as Chair of NASA’s Small Bodies Assessment Group and Chair of the Panel on
Small Solar System Bodies for the 2023–2032 Planetary Science and Astrobiology Decadal
Survey. Dr. Chabot earned an undergraduate degree in physics at Rice University and a PhD
in planetary science at the University of Arizona.

Dr. Elizabeth Tasker
Associate Professor in Departmentof Solar System Sciences, ISAS
Moderator of the Discussion Session