IPSI Case Study Summary Sheet
Basic Information
Title of case study (should be concise and within approximately 25 words)
Strengthening smallholder resilience and improving ecosystem services provision in Indonesia: Experience from
Buol District, Central Sulawesi
Submitting IPSI member organization(s)The World Agroforestry Centre (ICRAF) – Southeast Asia Programme

Other contributing organization(s) (IPSI members and/or non-members)

Author(s) and affiliation(s)Sacha Amaruzaman, Betha Lusiana, Beria Leimona, Lisa Tanika, Dienda C. Hendrawan (ICRAF)
Format of case study (manuscript or audiovisual) Manuscript
Language
EnglishKeywords (3-5 key concepts included in the case study)
Smallholders; Resilience; Vulnerability; Ecosystem services; Indonesia
Date of submission (or update, if this is an update of an existing case study)
19 February 2018
ICRAF/Smart Tree-Invest projectWeb link (of the case study or lead organization if
available for more information)

IFAD Asia/Smart Tree-Invest

Geographical Information
Country (where site(s) or activities described in the case study are located – can be multiple, or even “global”)
Indonesia
Location(s) (within the country or countries – leave blank if specific location(s) cannot be identified)
Buol District, Central Sulawesi
Longitude/latitude or Google Maps link (if location is identified)
https://www.google.co.jp/maps/@0.9983736,121.2536942,8z?hl=en
Ecosystem(s) (please place an “x” in all appropriate boxes)
Forestx
Grassland
Agriculturalx
In-land waterx
Coastalx
Dryland
Mountain
Urban/peri-urban
Other (Please specify)
Socioeconomic and environmental characteristics of the area (within 50 words)
The Buol District lies in the northern part of Sulawesi Island, on the border of Central Sulawesi Province. Buol is
one of the poorest districts in the province. Due to its remote location and limited transportation options, Buol
has low access to markets. Its landscape consists of upland forest in the south, agroforest and oil palm
plantations in the centre, and cropland and settlements in the northern lowlands.
Description of human-nature interactions in the area (land-use, traditional resource management practices etc. – within 50words)

Agriculture is the main livelihood, with cacao, coconut, cloves, coffee, rice and seasonal crops as the main commodities.
The majority of households have multiple livelihood options to complement their farming activities, such as working on
the plantation, or in mining, coastal fisheries and government offices.

Contents
Status (“ongoing” or “completed”)
Completed
Period (MM/YY to MM/YY)
03/14 to 03/17
Rationale (why activities or policies described, or information shared in the case study are needed – within 50 words)
A low capacity to deal with frequently occurring extreme events, such as floods, droughts, and agricultural
pests and diseases, as well as a lack of skills in increasing agricultural productivity, were the major problems
facing the Buol smallholders. As a consequence, the Buol farmers only applied short-term strategies,
particularly through intensive monoculture practices, in managing their livelihoods. In the long-run, thispractice will degrade the resources required to improve their livelihood.
Objectives (goals of activities or policies described, or of producing the case study – within 50 words)
These activities aimed to enhance the landscape’s services while improving smallholders’ resilience bymainstreaming the tree-based agriculture and promote the co-investment principles between public-privatesectors. To achieve the aim, the project combined the research, capacity building, and awareness raising
activities targeting various stakeholders at the different level.
Activities and/or practices employed (within 50 words)

Under the Smart Tree-Invest project, ICRAF conducted a series of studies combined with awareness-raising andpilot activities in the field at the government and farmers level, to provide good practices for consolidating
biophysical and socioeconomic information and on-the-ground actions to enhance resilience and provision ofecosystem services.
Results (within 50 words)
Replication and upscaling of pilot activities funded by the district’s budget and a private company’s resources atthe end of the pilot project were the key successes of the project, indicating raised awareness, capacity,ownership and trust, and proving that this type of action research can improve the livelihood capital ofcommunities.
Lessons learned (factors in success or failure, challenges and opportunities – within 40 words)
Results show that a landscape diagnostic with a multi-disciplinary approach is a crucial phase in natural
resource management. Building upon diagnostic results, specific on-the-ground interventions were designed tostrengthen stakeholders’ livelihood capitals to help improve the resilience of smallholders and ecosystemservices in the landscapes.
Key messages (within 40 words)
Observations at the end of project revealed that initial improvements in the five types of livelihood capital havetaken place. Replication and upscaling of the pilot funded by the district’s budget at the end of project’s pilot
activities represent the key successes of the project and indicate raised awareness, ownership and trust,proving that this type of action research can improve the livelihood capital of the stakeholders.
Relationship to other IPSI activities (if the case study is related to any other IPSI collaborative activities, case studies, etc.)
This case study originally appeared in the Satoyama Initiative Thematic Review v. 3.
Funding (any relevant information about funding of activities or projects described in the case study)
The Smart Tree-Invest project was implemented with funding support from the International Fund for
Agricultural Development (IFAD) and the Forest, Tree, and Agroforestry (FTA-3) Program of CGIAR.

Contributions to Global Agendas
CBD Aichi Biodiversity Targets (https://www.cbd.int/sp/targets/)
The table below shows based on the self-evaluation by author(s).  and  indicates the “direct” or “indirect” contributions to theCBD’s Aichi Biodiversity Targets respectively to which the work described in this case study contributes to.

Strategic Goal AStrategic Goal BStrategic Goal C

Strategic Goal DStrategic Goal E

UN Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) (https://sustainabledevelopment.un.org/sdgs)
The table below shows based on the self-evaluation by author(s).  and  indicates the “direct” or “indirect” contributions to theSDGs respectively to which the work described in this case study contributes to.
