Kansai Electric Power’s

Global Environmental
Action Report 2001
A Well-Balanced Environment Today and Tomorrow

A Message from the President

The 20th century saw Man’s wisdom inspire great leaps in scienceand technology, bringing about hitherto unknown riches and wealth.
However, there has been another side to this, too. We now have tograpple with a new kind of problem: global environmental problems
such as global warming, ozone layer depletion and acid rain. It was
the century that made large-scale production, large-scaleconsumption and large-scale waste all possible. And now, to create asustainable ‘metabolic’ society and to prevent environmental problems threatening the very existence of
future generations, we must work persistently to produce results through specific activities aimed atenvironmental protection in the 21st century.
As an energy company whose role in society is to supply clean electric power, we have always strived ourutmost to preserve the environment, with particular attention being paid to the demands of the age. From the’90s onward, in particular, we adopted the ‘Kansai Electric Action Plan for Global Environmental
Considerations’ based on the ‘Kansai Electric Five Basic Principles of the Action Plan for Global
Environmental Considerations’, and have followed these principles in all our areas of business as part of ourwork toward global environmental protection.
As a result of this, mainly owing to the effects of developing power resources based on nuclear power andthe safe and stable operation of such facilities, our company has seen its levels of CO2 emissions (volume per
1kwh of electricity consumed) fall to 0.3kg-CO2/kWh, currently, the lowest among domestic power companies.
Furthermore, we have been applying the three ‘Rs’ (Reduce, Reuse and Recycle) in all our businessactivities in our efforts to process waste products. Through this and other such activities aimed at benefiting
society as a whole, we are striving, along with all the citizens of the world, to build a society which values its
material resources.
We will continue to take a comprehensive view of our operations from the point of view of conserving theenvironment, obtaining a stable supply of energy and achieving economic viability and continue to pursue theoptimum structure for our power resources (the ‘best mix’). While striving to maintain and improve current
levels of CO2 emissions in line with the ‘New Era Strategy’, which constitutes a comprehensive approach tothe prevention of global warming, we will continue to work toward the creation of a ‘metabolic’ society.
This reports describes our policy toward tackling environmental problems, our goals and the current state ofaffairs with regard to such activities. We recognize our social responsibility as a company to open up information
on environmental preservation to the public. As part of this, we believe that, together with obtaining the trust of all
our stakeholders, this is an important prerequisite if we are to succeed in managing the environment.
In order to achieve sustainable development throughout the 21st century, we, along with all the citizens of
the world, will continue to rise to the challenge of environmental problems, independently and energetically,working ceaselessly to get real results. It is our firm resolve, to strive for environmental management, so
please feel free to read this report. We hope that this will give you a better understanding of what we aredoing, and we hope that you, in return, will give us your frank opinion and advice on our efforts.
Yohsaku Fuji
President and Director
The Kansai Electric Power Co., Inc.

2

Overview of Kansai ElectricJapan has ten major private electric utility companies
which operate independently. Each company produces anddistributes electricity to a specific geographical region ofJapan. Kansai Electric’s service area is located in thecentral part of the main island Honshu and covers 28,681
km2 (8% of Japan’s total land area). This region, generally
known as Kansai, includes Osaka, Kyoto, and Kobe andhas a population of 21 million, accounting for 16% of thenation’s total.
Since its establishment, Kansai Electric has emphasized
the development of power sources to meet electricity

demand, which has increased with the growth of theJapanese economy. As of March 31, 2001, the company’s
capacity for hydroelectric power is 8,129 MW, fossil fuelpower 19,561 MW, and nuclear power 9,768 MW, making
the total capacity 37,458 MW, which is 16 times larger than
the initial figure of 2,284 MW in May 1951, when we
began operation. Electricity sold in fiscal 2000 amounted to142,852 million kWh, accounting for 17% of the total
power sold in Japan, or the second largest amount in Japan,
following the Tokyo Electric Power Co., Inc.

■ System capacity(As of End of Fiscal Year)

Nuclear

Hydro

1998

19,921（53％）

Fossil fuel

9,768
（26％）

8,087
（21％）

37,776 MW

1999

19,921
（53％）

9,768
（26％）

8,107
（21％）

37,796 MW

2000

19,561
（52％）

9,768
（26％）

8,129
（22％）

37,458 MW

0

10,00020,00030,00040,000 (MW)■ Percentage of Total Volume of Electricity Produced (figure includes amount produced by other companies as well)(Fiscal Year)

Amount ofelectricity purchased
Hydro from other companies

Nuclear

Fossil fuel1998

72,091（47％）

42,993（28％）

16,177（11％）

21,311（14％）

152,572 million kWh

1999

70,388（46％）

45,306（29％）

13,880（9％）

24,138（16％）

153,712 million kWh

2000

70,036（45％）

30,215（19％）

155,818 million kWh

041,141（27％）
50,000100,000

14,426（9％）

150,000（million kWh）

To give a clear picture of the amount of electricity generated and supplied, we have also included the amount of electricity purchased fromother companies. These figures show the amount of electricity delivered to customers, including the amount of electricity generated by Kanden
as well as that supplied by other companies. (See page 21) Moreover, the ratio of nuclear power within the total amount of electricity producedby this company (total amount of nuclear, fossil fuel and hydroelectric generated electrical power produced by this company, excluding
amounts given above for other companies) exceeds 50% each year.

3■ Number of Employees■ Volume of Sales■ Annual power sales(As of End of Fiscal Year)(Fiscal Year)(Fiscal Year)1998

26,333

1998¥2,535 billion

1998

138,818 million kWh

1999

26,2481999¥2,517 billion

1999

140,403 million kWh

2000

25,9882000¥2,582 billion

2000

142,852 million kWh

010,00020,000030,00010,00020,00030,000 (¥ billion)

0

100,000

200,000 (million kWh)

■ Service areas of Japan’s ten electric power companies

Okinawa
Hokkaido

TohokuHokuriku

ChugokuKansaiKyushu

Tokyo
Chubu

Shikoku4■ Outline of Japan’s ten major power companies (as of March 31, 2001)
Capital

Number ofcustomers(billions of yen) (thousands)

Maximum
power
demand(MW)

Annualpower sales

Total

1,158

5,936

1,278

3,450

14,70074,514

1,320

14,011

2,442

11,206

1,349

15,22059,240280,651

5,086

41,403

8,508

33,023

17,30858,84326,364

123,037

2,143

18,851

5,213

22,941

3,617

31,771

418

5,499

1,806

4,562

540

6,909

2,526

25,9888,129

19,561

9,768

37,458918

11,250

2,893

8,015

1,280

10,908

463

6,642

1,124

3,730

2,022

6,876

75,251

1,348

14,3482,371

11,130

5,258

18,966

6,626

132

1,558

0

1,456

0

1,456

837,923

14,883145,931

33,764

119,074

42,300

194,343

7,522
26,669Chubu Electric Power Co.

375

10,023

Hokuriku Electric Power Co.

118

1,960

5,482

25,692

Kansai Electric Power Co.

489

12,76831,060142,852

Chugoku Electric Power Co.

186

5,109

11,29354,503

Shikoku Electric Power Co.

146

2,834

5,613

25,686

Kyushu Electric Power Co.

237

8,055

16,284

Okinawa Electric Power Co.

8

746

1,412

2,600

79,446

176,703

Total

Nuclear

6,381

676

Tokyo Electric Power Co.

Fossil529

251

Tohoku Electric Power Co.

Hydro

29,111

5,255

114

System capacity (MW)(millions of kWh) (billions of yen)

3,760

Hokkaido Electric Power Co.

Annual revenue
from power
Number ofsales
employees■ New Companies Established Since Year 2000
Our company’s goal is to establish an ‘all-round living infrastructure-related service group of companies.’ Therefore,
as the Kansai Electric Group, we have concentrated our activities around the three core areas of the comprehensive energy
business, information and communications and the daily life and community development business. We are constantly
developing new areas of business through a total of 85 related companies (as currently, at the end of fiscal 2000).

Comprehensive
Energy BusinessInformation and
Daily Life and Community
Communications Business Development Business

List of Companies

Outline of Business

eL ENERGY CO., INC. (established May 17, 2000)■ Sales of LNG delivered by tank trunks (commenced April, 2001)■ Sales of LNG delivered by tank trunks (commenced December, 2000)■ Sales of gas delivered by pipeline (scheduled for commencement April, 2002)■ Sakai LNG Plant Construction, Operating Company■ Construction commencing January, 2002. Scheduled to commence operations in 2005
■ Gas sales agent, design of optimum systems such as Cogeneration, energy diagnosis, guarantee of energy saving results, etc.
■ Leasing of optical fibers (commenced operations September, 2000)■ Provision of high-speed, high-volume communications platform (commenced operations June, 2001)■ Data center business■ Provisions of content(creation and management of portal sites for subscribers to K-OPTICOM Internet Connection Service)(service commenced in June, 2001)■ Apartments and houses, rental of buildings, hotel business, etc.
■ Sales of housing amenities in conjunction with building contractors■ Construction and renovation of housing business■ The evaluation of the soundness of housing in line with the Law for the Promotion of Ensuring Quality in Housing■ Private old people’s homes, in-home services■ First old people’s home commenced operating in June, 2001
■ January, 2001 tie-up with security company■ Plan to commence operations within fiscal 2001

(sales directly made by this company)
SAKAI L.N.G. CO., INC. (established December 20, 2001)
KANDEN GAS & COGENERATION CO., INC. (established April 2, 2001)
K-OPTICOM CORPORATION (established June 1, 2000)
KANSAI.COM,INC. (established April 20, 2001)
KANDEN REAL ESTATE CO., LTD (established July 1, 2001)
KANDEN E HOUSE CORPORATION (established July 7, 2000)
KANSAI HOUSING QUALITY ASSURANCE CO., LTD. (established October 20, 2000)
KANDEN JOY LIFE CO., LTD. (established October 6, 2000)(Home security business)

Established in 2000

5

Established since 2001

Mid-Term Management Policy(adopted April, 2000)

Basic Thrust
For our company, the way to further development lies in continuing to raise our industrial value
through providing customer satisfaction. We have always worked on the principle of ‘the customer first’.
And now, in response to this new age of competition for energy, we will continue to do so at every
operational level, concentrating on the concept of ‘competitiveness’, thereby strengthening ourcommitment to the customer. Through rising to the challenge of being a business that seeks to‘heighten customer satisfaction’, all our employees will share in the sense of achievement brought about
by the joy of being relied on and of being chosen by our customers and by the process of dynamic selfreform. Thus, we will leap forward into the 21st century.

Important Points of Policy for
Conduct of Business
Enhancement of products and services
Enhancement of sales strength
Strengthening of cost competitivenessStrengthening of overall power as a group
Dealing firmly with issues of public interest,
particularly those related to nuclear energy

Restructuring of Business andPersonnel in order to Implement Policy
The promotion of the restructuring of our business, utilizing IT as a power resource
The promotion of the autonomous management of business affairs
The promotion of a policy toward the energization of human resources thatputs weight on selection and self-responsibility
The creation of a lively work environment

6

Special Features of Measures toward
Environmental Conservation for Fiscal Year 2000

Working to the ISO14001 Standard
In order to further strengthen our environmental management
system, we are working to create an environmental management
system that will conform to International Standard ISO14001
with regard to environmental conservation.
This system was rendered fully operational at the Mihama
Power Station (nuclear power) in the fiscal year 2000. Work has
also begun on putting such a system in place at various otherelectric power offices such as those at Kishiwada, Tanabe,
Himeji and Kurobegawa.
Furthermore, in order to obtain an objective appraisal of theresults we have achieved so far, we have obtained external
certification for our Kainan and Himeji No.2 thermal power
stations. In addition, the Kishiwada station has also received its
first such certification.

Cooperation with the‘Kansai Green Power Fund’
Consumers and power companies and businesses involved with
providing new electrical energy resources have come together tolook at the problems of obtaining new, long-term energy
resources. Thus, in October 2000, the ‘Kansai Green Power
Fund’ was established at the Center for Industrial Renovation of
Kansai (Foundation), in line with a proposal made by thiscompany.
In addition to looking after money donated by customers
through our revenue collection system, we are cooperating withthe ‘Kansai Green Power Fund’ by basically matching all such
donations.

Completion of ‘Restoration of Thermal
Efficiency to Existing Fossil Fuel ElectricPower Stations through Management Reformin the Electricity Generating Authority ofThailand’ ProjectIn 1996, we commenced the ‘Power Plant Thermal Efficiency
Improvement / Recovery Through Enhanced Operational
Management’ project at the South Bangkok power station, partof the Electricity Generating Authority of Thailand (EGAT).
7This work was completed in March 2000. During this time, we
fully implemented our policy toward higher thermal efficiency at
the South Bangkok Power Station, with the Japanese side
offering the technological know-how, in terms of operational
procedures and maintenance gained from operating their own
fossil fuel power stations, and with both sides making the mostof their fund of knowledge and experience.
The results were analyzed in the fiscal year 2000 and it was
confirmed that, over a 30-month period, CO2 emissions had been
reduced to approximately 40,000t-CO2.
In February 2001, we received a certificate of thanks fromthe president of EGAT for the achievements of this project.

Activities and Business Feasibility Studies
for the Future Utilization of the Kyoto
Mechanisms
We have taken part in a number of projects. These have included
the ‘Basic Enquiry into the Promotion of Joint Implementation’,sponsored by the New Energy and Industrial Technology
Development Organization (NEDO) in its ‘Investigation into
Improvement in Regional Heating in the city of Tbilisi in
Georgia’, and also the ‘Investigation into the Global
Environment and Revitalization of Plant Operation’ sponsoredby the Japan External Trade Organization (JETRO) in its ‘Plan
for the Rehabilitation of the Anagukurao Hydroelectric Plant’ in
the Philippines.

Boosting Efforts toward Green
PurchasingThis company will continue to purchase highly energy-efficientelectric vehicles and other such energy-saving equipment alongwith eco-label products. In December 1999, we adopted the‘Promotion toward Green Purchasing Policy’, in order to boost
our efforts in this area.
In the fiscal year 2000, we switched over completely to theuse of recycled paper for copy use, and are endeavoring to do thesame by using recycled plastic bottles for use as material forworking clothes.

Outline of Global Environmental Action Report

Policy on Environmental Preservation
We have continually worked to strengthen our structure of policies
with regard to the environment. Beginning with the adoption of theFive Basic Principles of the Action Plan for Global Environmental
Considerations in fiscal 1990, we have since adopted a number ofother such codes of practice and specific plans of action. In fiscal
2001 we adopted the Eco Action 2001 plan as a concrete action plan
and are continuing to work toward environmental preservation.
In 1995, in particular, we adopted the New Era Strategy as a setof measures against global warming, to which we are taking acomprehensive approach.

Goals and Results with regard toEnvironmental Preservation
As part of our sets of specific measures, we have set numericaltargets for tackling such problems as reducing emissions ofgreenhouse gases and using energy effectively.
With regard to our target for CO2 emissions, in particular, thenumerical target was set at 0.3kg-CO2/kWh for the amount ofelectrical energy used (sold) in the fiscal year 2010. As at fiscal
2000, the actual recorded figure was at 0.28kg-CO2/kWh.
We are currently still examining environmental accounting andhave compiled figures for the fiscal year 2000.

Environmental Management System
The company has always worked to educate its employees so that
we would be able to conform to the IS014001 standard, and we areconstantly making every effort to strengthen our internal system ofenvironmental management. We are also working to communicate
with all our stakeholders through various publications such as this.

Working to Reduce Load on theEnvironment
We are working to reduce load on the environment in all our areasof business through implementation of the three ‘R’s, whichconstitute our response to global environmental problems, ourattitude to regional environmental preservation and policy on waste:

Reduce, Reuse and Recycle.
We are promoting our New Era Strategy as a comprehensive setof measures on dealing with global environmental problems. Ouroperations are centered on electricity produced by nuclear power. At
the same time as reducing the production of greenhouse gases
during the process of supplying energy, we are also working toward
the more efficient use of energy throughout society as a whole. Suchefforts are being made both at home and abroad.
We are also working toward regional environmental preservation.
While continuing to take measures to prevent air and water pollution,
we are also responding by targeting new problems as they arise suchas the adoption of measures toward chemical substances.
In addition, we are also striving for the optimum measures for
dealing with waste, from its production right through to the final
stages of its processing. Currently, we are able to reuse some 84%, ahigh standard, of such waste as a new resource (figure for the fiscal
year 2000).

Various Types of Work on Behalf ofSociety
We are working toward preservation of the environment
through exchange and coordination with the people of each area andvarious organizations. Our aim is to ‘Live In Harmony with Local
Society’. Therefore, apart from considerations of environmental
preservation, we are also concerned with the revitalization ofregional areas themselves, care for the aged and work with thephysically challenged.
We are also working to create a work environment in which
each and every employee will be keen on their work and where they
will spontaneously feel the desire to make a contribution to society.

What the Kansai Electric Group is Doing
Here, at the Kansai Electric Group, we host conferences aimed
at enabling various people to share information. These people havebeen selected from the various companies within the group to sit on
the promotion staff of the Related Company for Global
Environmental Project. We publish and offer material on what
various companies within the group are doing with regard to ecobusiness in our Eco-Business News. In this and other ways, we arepromoting and supporting work toward environmental preservation
throughout the entire group.
8

Table of Contents
System Map
A Massage from the President
Mid-Term Management Policy
Company Outline
Overview of Kansai Electric
Special Features of Measures toward Environmental Conservation for Fiscal Year 2000
Outline of Global Environmental Action Report
Table of Contents
On This Edition of the Global Environmental Action Report

1
2
3
4
5
7
8
9
10

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Policies, Goals and Achievements with regard to Conservation of the Environment
Policies and Thinking

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Goals, Plans and Results
Outline of Eco Action 2001 (Companywide action plan)
Kansai Electric’s Measures to Prevent Global Warming - New ERA Strategy

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Environmental Accounting

・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・

Environmental Management System

・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・

Environmental Management System
Kansai Electric’s Environmental Management System (Companywide Efforts)
Environmental Improvement Activities Based on ISO14001 (Examples from our facilities)
Education of Company Employees
Emergency Measures
Award for Excellence in Promoting Action Plan for Global Environmental Consideration in Workplace
Monitoring and Measuring of Environmental Impact

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Technological Development for Environmental Protection
State of Environmental Communication

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Observance of Environmental Regulations
Environmental Assessment for Power Station Construction
Legal Regulations pertaining to the Environment

・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・

Working to Reduce Load on the Environment
Observance of Environmental Regulations

・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・

Responding to Global Environmental Problems
CO2 Emissions Worldwide and in Japan
Measures to Reduce CO2 Emissions in the Electric Power Industry

・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・

Measures to Prevent Global Warming - New ERA Strategy

・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・

E
R A Efficiency (Efficient utilization of energy by society as a whole)

Promoting Load leveling
Promoting the Spread of Electric Vehicles
Utilizing Untapped Energy Sources
Developing and Popularizing New Energy Sources・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・

E
R A Reduction (Reduction of greenhouse gas emissions in electric power supply)

Promoting Nuclear Power Generation
Improving and Maintaining Thermal Efficiency of Fossil Fuel Power Stations
Using LNG
Renovating Hydropower Stations
Reducing Transmission and Distribution Losses
Technological development with the Goal of reducing CO2 emissions
Developing Advanced Energy Supply Technology for the Future
Reducing Emissions of Greenhouse Gases other than CO2

・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・

E
R A Activities Abroad (Activities carried out abroad to prevent global warming)

Research and Development to Expand Natural Resources
Activities and Business Feasibility Studies for the Future Utilization of the Kyoto Mechanisms
Developing International Business that Contributes to the Decrease of Global Warming

・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・

Protecting the Ozone Layer

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Working to Protect the Environment
Measures to prevent air pollution
Measures to prevent water pollution

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Measures to prevent noise and vibration
Measures to prevent Noxious Fumes
Measures to Deal with Chemical Matters• Pollutant Release and Transfer Register (PRTR)• Measures to deal with Dioxins
Control of Radioactive Waste

・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・

Promotion of Measures Concerned with the Circulation of Resources
Promotion of Measures Concerned with the Circulation of Promotion of the 3‘R’s
Promotion of Green Purchasing
Recycling of Used Fuel Pluthermal Plan

・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・

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Measures to Reduce Water Consumption by Increasing the Use of Recycled Water
Major Increase in Amounts Recycled

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Reduction of Exhaust Gases from Work Vehicles

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・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・

Reduction in Amount of Lumber Used from Tropical Forests

・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・

Easing of Load on Environment with regard to Pollution of Stock and Use of Soil
Harmonizing with the Local Environment
Green zoning measures
Electric power facilities in harmony with the environment
Efficient utilization of thermal discharge

・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・

Various Types of Work on Behalf of Society

・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・

Exchange and Cooperation with External Bodies toward Environmental Conservation
Spreading Awareness on Saving Energy
Everyone’s Eco-Friendly Campaign
100,000 People’s Eco-Family Campaign
Cooperation with the Local Community
Work in Cooperation with Local Groups
International Cooperation

・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・

Activities to Benefit Local Society
Safety and Sanitation Activities
Management of Safety
Management of Sanitation

・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・

What the Kansai Electric Group is Doing

・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・

Related Company Global Environmental Project Conference for
Promotional Staff Promoting Eco-Business Throughout the Kansai Electric Group・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・

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[Chronological Table of Relation Between Energy and the Environment][Independent Opinion on Environmental Report][Questionnaire][Main Places of Business and Operations]

On This Edition of the Global Environmental Action Report• Target Organization: Report centers on The Kansai Electric Power Co., Inc. and a number of other companies within the group• Target Period: Report mainly covers up to end of year 2000
• Scheduled Publication of Next Issue: Summer, 2002
• Areas Covered by Report: Report centers on the environment, but also looks at certain economic and social matters• This edition of the Global Environmental Action Report draws mainly on the Year 2000 edition of the Environmental Report Guidelines
compiled by the Ministry of the Environment in February 2001. It also contains data specific to our company. Specifically, in order forthe public to better understand what we are doing with regard to reducing load on the environment throughout all our areas of business,
we have not just included the most important bits of information as designated in the Guidelines, but have also tried to include the mostimportant information on the state of affairs with regard to each type of business we are involved in, where possible.
However, we have not included information on the load on the environment brought about through the marketing of products andservices or how such load might be reduced, as our own product, electricity, does not lend itself to such analysis.

10Policies, Goals andAchievements with regard toConservation of the Environment

Policies and Thinking
Kansai Electric’s most fundamental management policy
has always been to contribute to the development andprosperity of the local communities.
As part of this commitment, we have undertaken arange of measures to address environmental issues in ourservice area, with particular attention to the needs of each
community.
Recently, environmental problems causing worldwide
damage — global warming, acid rain, ozone layer
depletion, vanishing tropical rain forests, and the spread ofdeserts — have clearly become a serious concern. These

global environmental problems are presenting a newchallenge to modern civilization. To effectively address
them will require integrated international effort.
Not only technological measures, but changes in many
areas, such as social awareness and consumer lifestyles,
need to occur on a global scale. In order to achievesustainable world development, which will require both
economic development and global environmental
preservation, it is vital for us as global citizens to “thinkglobally and act locally” in our communities.
Realizing that it has an important responsibility as anelectric utility and energy supplier, Kansai Electric isstrongly committed to supporting global environmental
preservation while working to make people’s lives more
comfortable. In this respect, we are continually studying
advanced measures for environmental protection and ways
to integrate these into all aspects of our operations. Ourpolicy is to begin by immediately taking action wherever
there is something that can be done.
This action has taken concrete form in efforts such as
our Five Basic Principles of the Action Plan for Global■ Changes Up to Now in Environmental Policies and Concrete Action Plans(Fiscal year)

1990

General Company
Management Policy

Developing Management
toward the 21st Century

Philosophy
Action Guide

Environmental policies

Concrete
ActionPlans

Evaluationof
Activities

Medium ofpromotion
1

1991

1992

1993〜1995

1996〜1999

2000〜

Business Innovation
and Action Plans

New Mid-Term
Management Policy

Mid-Term
Management Policy

Five Basic Principles of the Action Plan for Global Environmental Considerations (Adopted April 1990)

The Action Plan for Global Environmental Consideration(Adopted April 1991)
Steady expansionof activities

Mid-Term Action Plan

New Mid-Term Action Plan

* Each head office,branch andsubsidiary makes
its own new planseach fiscal year.

Promoting long-term activities that
contribute to harmonious
relationship with society
1995〜* Establish mid-term
action plan for entire
company

Promoting long-term activities aimed at supporting
harmonious coexistence with society

Eco Action
2000

2001

New ERA Strategy

・Overall company ・Promoted the setting ofpolicy is on course numerical targets, checks
・Yearly plans are
and reviews
failing to meet・Efforts ranged from grass
demands ofroots local activities toproblems
actual policy on global
requiring a longwarming
term response

Global Environmental Project
Promotion Conference

Previsions

・While strengthening mid-term strategy withregard to global warming, we have also
embarked on international activities
・There is a need for an environmental policy
which will respond to urgent management
issues such as the tightening of market
competition and the specific implementationof the Kyoto Mechanism

Power Plant Siting and Global
Environment Promotion Conference

Nuclear Power andEnvironmental Committee

Policies, Goals and Achievements with regard to Conservation of the Environment

Environmental Considerations, which we drew up in April
1990, and the Kansai Electric’s Action Plan for Global
Environmental Considerations of 1991. Both of theseoutline the environmental protection policies that wefollow in all areas of our business.
To further boost our efforts, in fiscal 1993 we createdthe Mid-term Action Plan for Global Environmental
Considerations (fiscal 1993-1995), which outlines
concrete action plans based on concrete numerical goals.
This plan and the New Mid-term Action Plan for Global
Environmental Considerations (fiscal 1996-1999), createdin fiscal 1996, have guided our environmental protection
efforts to the present.
Owing to major changes in the management
environment, such as the partial liberalization of retailenergy sales starting in March 2000, we revised the Kansai
Electric Action Plan for Global Environmental
Considerations in fiscal 2000. At the same time, wecreated a new plan of action with three-year rolling targets
to be set annually, Eco Action 2000. This will replace theold Global Environmental Mid-Term Action Plan. In fiscal
year 2001, we are undertaking a set of specific measures
known as “Eco Action 2001”
Through Eco Action 2001, we are aiming to take oneven more environmental challenges so that we may
provide benefits for society and earn its trust by making
electricity the best and most environmentally friendly
energy source available.

■ System of Environmental Measures
Five Basic Principles of
the Action Plan for
Global Environmental
Considerations

Philosophy

Environmental
Policies

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5

Reduction of environmental impact
Promotion of effective and efficient use of energy and resources
Development of advanced technologies
Coordination of efforts throughout the Kansai Electric Group
Creation of a new corporate culture to support harmonious coexistencewith the global environment

Action Guide

Action Plan for Global Environmental Considerations

Action1 Consideration for the Environment in All Areas of Our Business
1 Measures to Deal with Global Environmental Problemsａ．
Measures to Prevent Global Warming (New ERA Strategy) (see page 5)

Efficiency：
Efficient utilization of energy by society as a whole
Reduction：
Reduction of greenhouse gas emissions in electric power supply
Activities Abroad： Activities carried out abroad to prevent global warmingｂ．
Protecting the ozone layer

2 Measures to Deal with Local Environmental Problemsａ．
Measures to prevent air pollutionｂ．
Measures to prevent water pollutionｃ．
Measures to deal with chemical matters, etc.
Action2 Activities Aimed at Building a Metabolic Society
1 Business Activities Geared Towards the Metabolic Society
2 Earnest Exchange and Cooperation with External Groups
3 Raising Employee’s Awareness of Their Responsibility as
Global Citizens

Concrete Action Plans

Eco Action 2001
2

Policies, Goals and Achievements with regard to Conservation of the Environment

Goals, Plans and Results
Outline of Eco Action 2001 (Companywide action plan)
Fiscal 1999

Fiscal 2001

Item
ResultResultGoals

0.28kg-CO2/kWh

0.28kg-CO2/kWhApprox. 0.3kg-CO2/kWh (forecast)

Improving capacity factor of nuclear power stations

82.0%

81.8%

More than 80%

Maintaining and improving thermal efficiency of fossil fuel power
stations

41.9%

42.0%

More than 41%

LNG use5,490,000ｔ

5,460,000ｔ

More than 5,000,000t

Output expansion through hydro power station renovation(kW)(Total from fiscal 1989 to present)

Reduction of CO2 emissions per unit of electricity used (sold)Reduction of greenhouse gas

29,752kW

29,652kW

8.7%

8.3%

Reduce as much as possible

SF6 gas exhaust control(Rate of Recovery of Gas on Inspection of Apparatus)

83%

92.1%

90%

① Increase number of (time-of-use lighting)contracts

95,000 Contracts

115,000 Contracts

110,000 Contracts② Increase number of (load heat storage
adjustment) contracts

2,804 Contracts

3,815 Contracts

3,000 Contracts③ Promotion of peak-cut-type equipment

148,000 Units

200,000 Units

200,000 Units

Introduction of electric vehicles

162 Units

177 Units

176 Units

Use of untapped energy sources

10 Districts

10 Districts

10 Districts

5,800,000kWh

11,000,000kWh―

405,000kWh

394,000,000kWh

432,000,000kWh

We will contribute to the spread of
new sources of energy bypurchasing
excesselectricity
generated by photovoltaic power,
wind power, and the burning ofwaste materialSOx

0.08g/kWh0.07g/kWh

Maintainig at current
reduced level

NOx

0.15g/kWh

0.15g/kWh

Maintainig at current
reduced level

Improving recycling of industrial wastes

88%

84%

More than 90%

Usage rate of 100% recycled copy paper

―

100%

100%

18 Districts

19 Districts

Order in Increase in Number ofPlaces Conforming to Standard

66%(Result for fiscal 1998)

68%

70%

Efficient use of energy

27,052kW

Reduction in overall loss
(losses in generation, transmission and distribution)

Levelling off
peak load

Cooperation in helping
spread the use of newenergy sources

Photovoltaic power generation
Wind power generation
Power generation using wastematerials

Reduction of SOx and NOx
emissions per fossil fuel power
generation

Compliance with ISO standards,
Effective rate of 100,000 People s Eco-Family Campaign

3

Policies, Goals and Achievements with regard to Conservation of the Environment

Goals
Result evaluation and next approach

Fiscal 2001

Fiscal 2002

Fiscal 2003

Approximately same level as previous year, as predicted

Approx.
Approx.
Approx.
0.3kg-CO2/kWh 0.3kg-CO2/kWh 0.3kg-CO2/kWh(forecast)(forecast)(forecast)
Although there was an unscheduled stoppage, rate of use exceeded
targets owing to the carrying out of short-term inspections. We will continue
to build on the efficiency of such inspections to maintain a rate of use inexcess of 80%.

More than80%

More than80%

More than80%

We managed to achieve our target for the fiscal year 2000. We willcontinue to increase thermal efficiency through maintaining a high rate ofuse of our highly thermal- efficient combination plants and by implementing
measures toward the running and equipping of our existing plants.

More than
42%

More than
42%

More than42%

In fiscal 2000, we burned off more than was contracted for, taking into
serious consideration the predicted decline in consumption that would takeplace from 2001 onwards. From now on, we will adjust our various
operations to take into account the increase in the rate of LNG consumptionthat will accompany the decline in the consumption of fossil fuels.

Approx.
5,000,000t

Approx.
5,000,000t

30,452kW

33,872kW

P.24

We will continue to put reliability and safety first. By
striving to increase the efficiency of our periodical
inspections, we are aiming for ever-higher operability
together with a steady percentage rate of use in theregion of 80%.

While reducing the amounts of electricity produced
through burning of fossil fuels, we will adjust all ouroperations to heighten the ratio of LNG fossil fuel used,
as it is excellent from the point of view of theenvironment.

P.34

35,172kW

We are continuing to overhaul our hydroelectric power
stations, and are planning to achieve an increase in
output amounting to 39,072kW by the fiscal year 2005.

P.34

Reduce as much as possible

We are making the utmost effort to reduce loss in thelayout and running of all our facilities.

P.35

Rate of recovery of SF6 gas on inspectionof apparatus at 90%.

We will improve our rate of recovery for SF6 gas at
inspections to meet the target of 97% set by the Federationof Electrical Businesses for the fiscal year 2005.

P.37

We are making effort to achieve more widespread use

P.25

We plan to increase the number of such vehicles in use
from the current figure, taking into consideration market
trends and technological improvements in relation to thebalance of cost.

P.28

170,000
Contracts

210,000
Contracts

All goals were achieved in implementing these various measures. We will
strive for even more widespread use in future.

5,000
Contracts

6,000
Contracts

7,000
Contracts

As according to plan. We will continue to strive for ever more widespreaduse.

250,000 Units

300,000 Units

350,000 Units

Our achievement here exceeded the numerical target of 176 vehicles forthe fiscal year 2000. We will continue to introduce such vehicles in line withmarket trends and improvements in technology.

177 Units

Unknown

Unknown

11 districts

We will continue to encourage use of unused energy inline with regional development.

3 more new contracts.

Purchase of excess electricity produced by solar
power, wind power and waste and cooperation
with the work of the Kansai Green Electricity
Fund.

We planned a reduction in basic units, compared to the previous year, byreducing the number of units of oil to be consumed during operation while
increasing the number of units of LNG. We will try to continue in the same
direction.

Maintaining at current reduced level(Reference: An average of 0.10g/kWh for the
five-year period from fiscal 1996 to 2000)

We maintain at current reduced level

We will try to continue in the same direction.

Maintaining at current reduced level(Reference: An average of 0.16g/kWh for the
five-year period from fiscal 1996 to 2000)

We maintain at current reduced level

Our first contract with this company.

P.32

Approx.
5,000,000t

140,000
Contracts

The number of contracts tied up exceeded the previous year by 3,400 togive us a figure of 8,000.

In order to achieve the targets set for the electricity
industry as a whole (bringing levels of CO2 down to
0.3kg-CO2/kWh per unit of energy consumed by thefiscal year 2010), we have set our own target to thislevel. We are now promoting our New ERA Strategy
aimed at maintaining and exceeding this target.

P.33

This was as according to plan. We plan to achieve even wider use in the
future centered on houses exclusively using all-electric appliances.

Measures have been implemented according to plan in the 3 Chome
district of Nakanoshima.

See
page

We will maintain a thermal efficiency of above thecurrent target of 42%.

Approximately as planned. We will continue moving in this direction.

Rate of loss has been kept to a low level. We will try to maintain this levelin our future operations.
We managed to reach our current goal of 90%. From now on, we will makeeven greater efforts in cooperation with manufacturers to maintain an evenhigher level and reach our next goal of 97%.

Goals and plans of action
set for the fiscal year 2010

We have a shift toward a high rate of reuse of resources. We saw a
reduction of approximately one-third in volume of waste compared to theprevious year (approx. 30,000t).

More than 90%

We switched over completely to the use of recycled paper for use as copy
paper at all our places of business. We will continue to use such in the
future.

100%

Last year, we built 18 fossil fuel electric power stations conforming to ISO
standards. However, Tanagawa and Tanagawa 2 merged, bringing thetotal to 17. In fiscal 2000, the Mihama and Kishiwada power stations wereadded to this to give us a total figure of 19.

Order in Increase in Number of Places
Conforming to Standard

Measures were implemented to heighten awareness. However, as theresults were deemed unsatisfactory, we are renewing our efforts in thisarea in the direction of having individuals themselves work to heighten
their own awareness.

Independent activities carried out at eachlocation (items decided independently, withefforts made to achieve over 70% of targets set)

We plan to cooperate as fully as possible, based onsocial trends

P.28

P.29

P.47

P.48
We are promoting the three R s (Reduce, Reuse,
Recycle) with regard to industrial waste.

We will continue to implement our policy of using 100%
recycled paper for use as copy paper at all our places ofbusiness.
We plan to strengthen our environmental management
system.

We need to increase awareness with regard to theenvironment. We shall revise our activities in this area.

4

P.55

P.59

P.12

P.68

Policies, Goals and Achievements with regard to Conservation of the Environment

Kansai Electric’s Measures to Prevent
Global Warming - New ERA Strategy
Kansai Electric is actively developing its New ERA
Strategy, a comprehensive policy on the further reductionof greenhouse gas. We will continue to explore new
possibilities that can be integrated in this strategy.
“ERA” is an acronym for
Efficiency:

efficient utilization of energy bysociety as a whole

Reduction:

reduction of greenhouse gas
emissions in electric power supply

Activities Abroad: activities carried out abroad toprevent global warming.
The initials “ERA” also represent our commitment to cultivate
a new era in environmental protection (see Figure 1).
The Third Evaluation Report of the IPCC released in
March 2001 (Intergovernmental Panel on Climate

Changes) predicts that the average temperature worldwide
will rise by as much as 1.4 to 5.30C by the year 2100, andthat the impact of global warming on nature and society
will appear over a long-term period, with the number ofareas affected increasing throughout the whole world.
In order to solve the global warming problem, not onlyis it vital to take immediate action but also to face theproblem with a medium/long-term and global view.
Kansai Electric will continue endeavoring to maintainsustainable development by simultaneously achieving its
goals - the 3Es, which are:Economical Growth
Energy Security
Environmental Preservation
We are working to balance the “E,” “R,” and “A” of our
New ERA Strategy in order to propel our long-term
endeavor to preserve the global environment.
The various measures included in the New ERA
Strategy are described from page 25 onwards.

■ New Era Strategy (Figure 1)
Changeover to thepromotion of theuse of electricallypowered vehicles
Promoting load levelingthrough development andpopularization ofhigh-efficiency
electrical appliances

Utilizing untappedenergy sources
Developing andpopularizing new energy

Efficiency
Efficient utilization of energy bysociety as a whole
Promoting nuclear
power generation

Reduction
Improving thermal
efficiency of fossil
fuel power stations

Reduction ofgreenhouse gas
emissions in electric
power supply

AAbroadctivities
Activities carried out
abroad to prevent
global warming

Developing tropical rain
forest reforestation andmangrove afforestation
techniques in order toexpand CO2 absorption

Renovatinghydropower stations

Developing fuel gas
decarbonization technology

5

Undertaking projects
abroad in order to utilize
the Kyoto Mechanism

Policies, Goals and Achievements with regard to Conservation of the Environment

Kansai Electric’s CO2 reduction target

The effect of CO2 reduction through the
New ERA Strategy

Global warming is believed to have been caused by an increasein so-called greenhouse gases such as CO2.
Under the New ERA Strategy, we have set a number ofnumerical goals to reduce CO2 emissions per kWh (emissions
per unit of power consumed) utilized (sold) in fiscal 2010 to
0.3kg-CO2/kWh, in accordance with the targets of the electric
power industry (see page 24).
As a result of the New ERA Strategy, CO2 emissions
utilized in fiscal 2000 amounted to 0.28kg-CO 2/kWh, a
reduction of approximately 7% over fiscal 1990 despite the 18%
increase of electrical power consumed (sold) (see Figure 2).
Kansai Electric’s CO2 emissions per kWh are lower than thoseof major Western nations, just above France with its high nuclear
power ratio and Canada with its high hydropower ratio. We willcontinue in our efforts to voluntarily and assertively reduce CO2
emissions based on the New ERA Strategy (see Figure 3).

As a result of our efforts, CO2 emissions saved wereapproximately 20.3 million t-CO2 less in fiscal 2000 as comparedto fiscal 1990 levels. This is equivalent to approximately 2% ofJapan’s total CO2 emissions — 1.23 billion t-CO2 — in fiscal
1999. Converted into the petroleum equivalent, this amounted toan estimated saving of approximately 7.3 million kl of oil(equivalent to about 80% of our annual fuel consumption).
Nuclear power generation accounted for nearly 90% of thetotal reduction, primarily due to the start-up of Units 3 and 4 at the
Ohi Power Station (nuclear) after fiscal 1990 and the increased
generation of CO2-free nuclear power owing to the improved
capacity utilization factor at nuclear power stations.
Other measures to reduce CO2 emissions include improved
thermal efficiency at fossil fuel power stations, use of LNG, anddevelopment of hydropower resources (see Figure 4).

■ Trend of CO2 emissions per unit of electric power consumed(Figure 2)（kg-CO2/kWh）

1,200
1,100
1,000

1,364 1,374

Volume of power consumed(sold) (billion kWh)

1,206 1,227 1,226 1,233

CO2 emissions per unit of power consumed(kg-CO2/kWh)

0.35
0.33

0.35

0.33
0.31

0.30
0.28 0.28

5,000
0.27
4,068

0.25

4,191

4,000

4,103
3,755

0

0

3,926 3,954 0.20
3,569 3,516

3,388

3,000

0.30

0.26
0.25
4,316

91

92

93

94

95

0.58

96

97

98

0.50

0.33
0.19

0.25

0.07
FranceCanadaKansaiElectric

Japan

U.K.

Italy

Germany

U.S.

34

28

22

31

22
8

10

2

13

20
40

0.48
0.42

45
76

61

4

9

60
Nuclear power

80

14

Hydropower

100
(%)

Volume of CO2 emissions(million t-CO2)

90

0.7
0.6
0.5
0.4
0.3
0.2
0.1
0
0

Ratio of electric power
generated

0.31

4,261

（kg-CO2/kWh）
CO2 emissions per unit ofpower generated

1,300

1,319 1,338

1,429
1,388 1,404

CO2 emissions per unit ofpower consumed

1,400

Volume of CO2 emissions

Volume of power consumed (sold)(billion kWh) (million t-CO2)
1,500■ CO2 emissions per unit of power generated andnuclear/hydropower ratio (1999) (Figure 3)

99 2000(Fiscal year)

0

Source for foreign countries: Energy Balances of OECD Countries 1988-1999
Source for Japan: survey by the Federation of Electric Power Companies. Actual results forthis company for fiscal year 2000
Note: Kansai Electric’s emissions per unit of CO2 are just above those of France(high nuclear ratio) and Canada (high hydropower ratio)■ CO2 emissions saved by New ERA Strategy (Figure 4)(million t-CO2)

6,000
5,000

1,560 2,110 2,120 2,050

2,030

4,000
3,000
2,000

4,261

4,103 3,569 3,516 3,926 3,954

1,000
0

90

96
CO2 emissions

97

98

99

2000 (Fiscal year)

CO2 emissions saved

Cooperative measures withlocal communities, etc.

0.5 million t-CO2 (2.4%)

Development of hydropower
resources, etc.

0.5 million t-CO2 (2.3%)

Improved thermal efficiency
of fossil fuel0.8 million t-CO2 (4.1%)

Use of LNG

1.1 million t-CO2 (5.4%)

Improved capacity factor of
nuclear power stations

5.7 million t-CO2 (28.2%)

New nuclear power stations
11.7 million t-CO2 (57.6%)(Ohi Nos. 3 & 4)
(Note) * Percentage may not add up exactly 100% as figures are rounded off.

6

Policies, Goals and Achievements with regard to Conservation of the Environment

Environmental Accounting

For the first time, we made public our quantitative
understanding of cost and effect in relation toenvironmental conservation. We drew up a set of accounts
with regard to the environment for the year 2000 with theaim of promoting even more cost effective activities in thearea of environmental conservation.
The accounts for fiscal year 2000 were drawn up inreference to the ‘Accounting Practices toward a System
for Environmental Accounting (2000 Report)’ released by
the Ministry of the Environment, and take into
consideration environmental cost and effect for all ourcompanies during the fiscal year 1999.
Since then, we continue to search for ways to enhance ourenvironmental accounting program, basing that search on
consultations with and research by electrical industry
companies while referring to the opinions of those who haveperused our accounts.

The result of these efforts is evidenced in the calculationof result values for the fiscal year 2000, where the categories
used to calculate environmental cost were revised to reflect
unique electrical industry characteristics as part of the effort tomake the process of understanding costs more rational.
In addition, with regard to our method of accounting, wehave included costs related to nuclear power generation forwhich environmental costs can be extracted, such as the costs
associated with radiation measurement and control andradioactive waste disposal. These had been excluded from theprevious year’s calculations as compound costs that would‘have to be considered in the future.’
Furthermore, in relation to the associated economic
effectiveness of measures toward environmental conservation,
where there was a solid basis for doing so we have increased
the number of items included in accounting calculations
compared to the previous year.

Range of total: Entire company
Period: April 1, 2000-March 31, 2001
Environmental protection costs

Units: 100 million yen

Field

Main items

I. Cost of environmental management
1. Cost of environmental management

Compilation of environmental reports, internal education on the environment,
obtainment of external ISO certification

2. Labor costs
II. Cost of measures against global warming

Measures toward increasing thermal efficiency at existing fossil fuel power stations,purchase of excess electricity from new energy sources

III. Cost of conservation of regional environment
1. Cost of monitoring and measuring environmental impact
2. Cost of preventing pollution
3. Cost of protecting nature and harmonizing with environment

Amountinvested

Expenses

―

50.6

―

0.7

―

49.9

20.3

5.6

274.1

273.0

Management of measuring levels of radioactivity, research and measurement ofenvironmental concentrations
Measures for preventing air pollution (measures for extracting sulfur and nitrogen),measures to prevent water contamination

4.9

24.4

79.5

187.0

Underground maintenance, greening

189.7

61.6

25.7

67.9
12.9

IV. Cost of building a metabolic society
1. Cost of disposing of and recycling industrial waste

Processing of industrial waste

0.9

2. Cost of disposing of and recycling general waste

Subcontracting recycling of old paper―

0.3

3. Cost of processing radioactive waste

Processing of radioactive waste

24.7

54.0

4. Cost of green purchasing

Effective use of insulation material scrap in paving, use of recycled road base material

0.1

0.7

Fixing CO2 absorption, recycling of waste

0.6

29.2

V. Cost of technological development
VI. Other

3.5

18.1

1.Cost of living in harmony with local environment and education
on environment

Co-sponsorship for groups and events related to environmental conservation―

3.3

2. Cost of environmental advertisingMonthly events related to the environment, PR work on saving energy―

2.8

3. Cost of international efforts

Improvement of overseas electrical power stations, research into improvement,

3.5

0.3

4. Cost of environmental subsidies and donations

donations to overseas environmental funds, levies on pollution levels

―

11.7

324.2

444.4

Total
Amount of Investment: Mainly costs associated with construction and equipment
Amount of Expenses: Cost associated with maintaining and running equipment, cost of internal education.

Reference

Units: 100 million yen
Main items

7

Total investment during the related period

Construction of power stations

Total R&D expenses during the related period

R&D to streamline operation of power stations

Total amount
4,790.2
286.5

Policies, Goals and Achievements with regard to Conservation of the Environment

Effect of environmental protection activities
Field

Items (unit)

Result for fiscal 2000

Details

I ．Effect in relation to environmental
management

Premises that have received external
ISO certification(number)

II．Effect in relation to global environmental
conservation

CO2(kg-CO2/kWh)

0.28

Compared to fiscal 1990

Effect in relation toprevention of
air pollution

SOx(g/kWh)0.07

Compared to fiscal 1990

0.11g/kWhTotal emissions 2,834t

NOx(g/kWh)0.15Compared to fiscal 1990

0.09g/kWhTotal emissions 6,123t

Effect on harmonizing
with environment, etc.

Extension of underground electric cable
(km)

300

12,364 (Total)(in thousands of km2)

13

4,076 (Total)

Introduction of electric vehicles(number of vehicles)

III．Effect in relation
to regional
environmental
conservation

Grid extension
IV．Effect in relation to building of metabolic
society

V．Other effects

3

5 (Total)
0.08g/kg-CO2/kWh

Total emissions 39,540,000t-CO2

177―

Percentage of reuse of industrial waste
as resource(%)

84

Total emissions 71,000t

Low-level radiation solid waste(200-liter drums)

2,944

111,205 (Total)(units of 10,000)

3.0

26.5 (Since fiscal 1993)(no. of cases)

1,521

4,274 (Since fiscal 1996)

Planting of trees
Beautification activities

Economic effect of environmental protection measures
Field

Units: 100 million yen

Main items

Total amount
0.1

Income from recycling

Flue gas desulfurization plasterCosts saved from energy conservation

Measures to improve the thermal efficiency of thermal power stations*120.0

Costs saved from things like reuse and recycling

Reuse of things like transformers

47.0

Cost of research undertaken

Income from work to reduce CO2 emissions abroad

Total

0.3
167.4

*With respect to the thermal efficiency of thermal power stations, the reduction in fuel costs for the corresponding year was calculated from the improvement in thermal efficiency
derived by adjustment for the base year for environmental protection effectiveness (CO2, SOx, NOx) and comparison with the fiscal year 1990.

Future Prospects
When it is necessary to derive environment preservation
costs from compound cost figures, which include costs
beyond those related to environment preservation costs,
we are doing our best to grasp (measure) these costs byemploying the “Environment Accounting Guideline”
method (totals based on balanced sums, proportionalsums, and the simple sums method, etc.). However, no
method has been established that allows for the extractionof environment preservation costs from all of the related
compound costs.
In particular, considering that nuclear power
generation is effective from the aspect of environment
preservation, as a countermeasure against global warming,and further, that it is important as a measure for energy
security, it can be considered that, in the field of energy
generation works, nuclear power generation can produceclassic examples of compound costs. Thus, we consider
that it is essential to handle the matter most carefully whenattempting to add up environment related costs.
Environment preservation costs, such as radiation
management, radiation measurement costs and radioactive
waste disposal costs, etc., were included in theenvironment accounting of nuclear power generation costs
for the fiscal year 2000. However, other nuclear power
generation costs were omitted from these cost calculations
due to the fact that there are several varying opinions on
the methods that should be employed for the extraction ofenvironment preservation costs.
In regard to the handling of compound costs, including
figures for nuclear power generation costs, and the like,
we fully intend to conduct continuing studies and makeevery effort to improve the accuracy of our understandingof environmental protection costs. Furthermore, we are
actively engaged in the development of improved
environment accounting methods as tools to be employedin the performance of effective environmental measures.

8Policies, Goals and Achievements with regard to Conservation of the Environment

TopicsSegment Test Run of Environmental Accounting for
Sakaiko Power Station (Fossil Fuel)

In order to make use of such environmental
accounting in our internal management, we ran
another set of test figures using the Sakaiko Power
Station as our segment model.
We are working to implement the 3 ‘R’s at all
our fossil fuel power stations. As part of this, weare in the process of fitting all of them withinsulation blocks to fulfill the criterion of Reuse(See p. 56). In the fiscal year 2000, on carrying out
a periodical inspection of the boiler re-heating
apparatus, we used environmental accounting to

make an evaluation: we made a cost comparison
between the usual case, where we replace theinsulation material at each periodical inspection,and the case with reusable insulation material. We
found that the initial cost of installing block
installation would come to 29 million yen. However,that could later be recovered from the saving madeat each inspection, giving us a reduction of an
estimated 40 million yen at the time of the third
inspection. Furthermore, it was found that wewould be able to reduce insulation waste by 93t.

Environmental Protection Costs
Field

Items

Amount (in millions of yen)

Cost of Building a Metabolic Society

Increase in Cost Accompanying
Installation of Block Insulation

29

EffectEconomic Effect (in millions of yen)

Effect of Environmental Protection Activities•Reduction in Cost of Processing Industrial Waste

3•Reduction in Cost of Periodical Inspections

37

Volume of Reduction in Industrial Waste

93t

We will continue to make use of such segment-type analysis in our environmental accounting. In all our areas of operation
we will analyze measures toward environmental protection against cost effect. We believe this will be useful in making
efficient investment decisions.

9Policies, Goals and Achievements with regard to Conservation of the Environment

Environmental Accounting in Environmental Report
The global environment is continuing to worsen. Against this background, much is expected of business, which forms the very core of all
economic activity, and its taking of a positive and moreover autonomous approach to matters of environmental protection.
However, if this is the case, then it is important that society properly understands such efforts and prepares itself to lend its support as a whole.
The Ministry of the Environment has issued a set of guidelines entitled ‘Accounting Practices toward a System for Environmental Accounting (2000
report)’ with the aim of enabling business to strive for sustainable development while promoting efficient and ever more effective measures toward
environmental protection.
Here, we will give a simple outline of what these guidelines contain.
Domestic and Foreign Considerations
Centered on the Ministry of the Environment and the Ministry of Economy,
Trade and Industry, study is still being carried out on environmental
accounting through various research organizations and related groups alongwith other such research bodies. Such work is also being carried out overseas
by various international bodies. Recently, since fiscal 1999, the United Nations
Sustainable Development Group has been carrying out investigative research
into the role of government in the promotion of environmental accounting.
Representatives from our own Ministry of the Environment are taking part inthis process.
The Significance of the Environmental Accounting
The Environmental Accounting Guidelines state that: ‘With regard toenvironmental accounting systems, businesses should aim at sustainable
development; they should strive to promote efficient and ever more effective
measures toward environmental protection while maintaining a good
relationship with the larger society; they should achieve a quantitative
understanding of the costs and beneficial effects of environmental protection in
the process of their business activities as much as possible; they should thenanalyze and make public these figures’.

in order to give a proper understanding of environmental accounting information,‘With regard to the current state of affairs in relation to work being carried out by abusiness toward environmental protection, such material should not just include
information drawn from environmental accounting. It should also include relevant
information from other sources, too, and that decisions should be made taking acomprehensive approach to this body of information. (Abbrev.) A given businessshould be understood by taking into consideration what that company is doing
against a whole background of knowledge drawn from the comprehensive range of
information contained in such an environmental report’.
An Emphasis on Autonomous Action
The Guidelines state that: ‘Currently, the framework for environmental
accounting is as yet incomplete. As we are required to respect the autonomy ofeach business we address, we are therefore necessarily limited by the differingcharacteristics of those businesses.’ The specific methods for grasping
information given in the guidelines could also be said to be in the trial stage.
That is to say, companies themselves may be thought of as contributing to
the development of the Environmental Accounting System through the various
creative measures that each company takes toward the environment inapproaching its own environmental accounting.

The Function of Environmental Accounting
Internal Function
Such accounting will function as a tool by which businesses may obtain aquantitative understanding of cost against effect in undertaking measures
toward environmental protection, figures it can then analyze to make efficientinvestment decisions at the management level.
External Function
For society, they constitute a unified framework, providing a valid source of
information by which it may understand and evaluate the work a given
business is undertaking toward environmental protection.

Further Follow-up
Research into and the introduction of environmental accounting is making
steady progress.
The Ministry of the Environment considers the current set of guidelines tobe very much applicable to the year 2000 only. It intends to constantly updateand bolster its contents through various coordinated research activities and bygathering a wide range of opinion from various related experts. In this way, it
hopes to create a set of guidelines that will make a real contribution toenvironmental accounting.

A Proper Understanding Through Environmental Accounting
The Guidelines also state that: ‘When publishing an environmental report, it isdesirable that such figures should be included’. Furthermore, it goes on to say that,*Apart from this, there are a number of other sets of guidelines published which give a breakdown andanalysis of the environmental protection costs and provide information on the compilation of environmental
reports. For more details, please visit a web sites operated by the Ministry of the Environment(http://www.env.go.jp/) and the Ministry of Economy, Trade, and Industry (http://www.meti.go.jp/).

■ Ranking of Environmental Accounting
Businesses

Society

Receiver of Information○ Manager○ Related fields○ Employee・・・

Environmental Report

Receiver of Information

Environmental
Accounting○ Consumer○ Shareholders and investors○ NGOs and NPOs, etc.
○ Government○ Local citizens○ Clients○ Financial facilities
・・

Provided by

Efficient Environmental Measures

Publication

Appropriate Evaluation of Business

Method for Analyzing Cost against EffectMethod of Understanding and Evaluating Information

Internal Function

External Function

Compiled by this company frommaterial provided by the
Ministry of the Environment

10Environmental Management System
Environmental
Management System
Kansai Electric’s Environmental
Management System(Companywide Efforts)
Environmental management at Kansai Electric is based on theprinciple of TQM (total quality management)*. In April of
1998, to further bolster our environmental management system,
we set out the “Protocol on Environmental Management”. Thissystem is outlined below (see Figures 5 and 6).
*In 1981, we were the first electric power company to introduce a TQC (total quality
control) method. In 1984, we received the Deming Prize for contributions to quality anddependability of product. Since then, we have been pursuing consistent andcomprehensive activities aimed at improving our environmental performance.

The Nuclear Power and Environmental Committee ischaired by our company president and made up of members ofmanagement. Every year, this committee sets concrete actionplans for the entire company.
Based on the company’s environmental policies and actionplans, all divisions, departments, and branches make their own
plans and goals that they follow in their environmental
improvement activities. They independently check and review
the results of these activities.
The Environmental Considerations Department checks andreviews all the various activities carried out throughout thecompany. When necessary, the Quality and Safety
Improvement Audit Department assesses the appropriatenessand effectiveness of the environmental management system.
Furthermore, the Environmental Considerations

Department reports the results of the check-and-review process
to the Nuclear Power and Environmental Committee so thatthese results can be reflected in the company’s concrete actionplans for the following year.
The Environmental Considerations Department is thegeneral control center for the operation of the environmental
management system. In all divisions, departments, andbranches, the Department has set up organizational structures
and appointed personnel for the purpose of environmental
management.
To boost independent efforts in all workplaces throughout
the company, we have appointed about 360 environmental
project promotion staff members, whose job it is to carry out
activities such as internal education and training and external
public relations for their own part of the company.
Every year, we publish for the general public the Kansai
Electric’s Global Environmental Action Report, which outlines
the state of our environmental management activities.
■ PDCA Cycle (Figure 6)
Nuclear Powerand Environmental
Committee

Environmental
Considerations Dept.

All company divisions,departments,
and branches

Quality and Safety
Improvement Audit
Dept.

Notify concrete
activity plans for theentire company
Define environmental
policyEstablish concrete
activity plans
Review activity results
and establish concrete
activity plans for theentire company

Evaluate propriety
and efficiencyof the system

Make the company’s
achievements open to the
public through the Global
Environmental Action
ReportImplement
environmental
management activities
Check and review
activity results

Collect, checkand review activity
results

Activities at the bases(see page 12, figure 7 for details)■ Organization (Figure 5)
President
Planning ・Implementation
Policy and corporate
plan definition
Environmental
Considerations Dept.

Quality and Safety
Improvement Audit Dept.

Other divisions(Responsible for the entire company’senvironmental measures)

Nuclear Power andEnvironmental Committee
Chaired by the Vice President(Chairman), with participants
drawn from the board of directors
and other areas

Branch offices, fossil fuel centers
Sales offices

Electric power offices

Technical Research Center
Construction offices, etc.

11Power stations

Environmental TechnicalResearch Center

Global Environmental
Project Promotion staff(Approximately 360 staff members)

Promotion of voluntary
activities
Employee education
PR activities

Environmental Management System

Environmental Improvement Activities
Based on ISO 14001(Examples from our facilities)
Efforts at Facilities to Create a Comprehensive
Environmental Management System
In order to enrich the company’s environmental management
system, in 1997 we began building an environmental
management system compliant with ISO 14001, aninternational environmental management standard, startingwith our fossil fuel power stations (see Figure 7).
■ ISO 14001 compliance activities (Figure 7)* Following laws andregulations* Developing concrete
action plans for theentire company* Evaluating theenvironmental
impact of businessactivities

Top management’s environmental policy
Drawing up plans for environmental
improvement activities
Carrying out and managing these activities•••

Auditing the system

Top management reviews the systemfacility. This policy has been communicated to all staff andmade open to the general public.
Planning
Environmental Aspect
As many as several thousand environmentallysignificant elements have been identified in theactivities of our facilities. Elements that havepotentially, or have a significant impact on theenvironment, such as the use of certain raw materials,
emissions of CO2 and NOx, and the disposition ofwaste materials, have been specified as “Significant
Environmental Aspects.”
Objectives and Targets
We have set environmental goals to be met as part ofour activities toward improving the environment. These
are based on environmental policy, legal requirements,and our own set of Significant Environmental Aspects.
Furthermore, with a view to achieving those targets,each relevant section has set its own specific targets
and has developed plans of action and schedules. In
this way, we are working to establish an environmental
management program.

The following gives information on how those facilities thathave instituted an environmental management system inline with the ISO14001 Standard are putting it into practice.

Implementation and Operation
Staff Training
We are running basic education programs for all our
staff at our facilities concerning the environmental
management system. Furthermore, we are checking theabilities of those staff that are performing tasks which
can have significant environmental impacts byproviding specialist education and requiring both
written and practical examinations.
We are also training for an emergency at ourfacilities.
Communication
In addition to offering education on energy and theenvironment at schools on request, we are also working
toward greater communication with local communities
through setting up PR facilities and putting on events
open to the public at our various facilities.
Operational Control
Operations and activities related to the environmental
management program and Significant Environmental
Aspects are under constant control based on a set ofworking procedures that stipulate operational criteria.

Environmental Policy
The Chief of each facility bears the ultimate responsibility
for environmental management. They have each defined
their own individual policies with regard to the environment
based on company policy and the special features of each

Checking and Corrective Action
Monitoring and Measurement
We monitor and measure all boiler gas emissions andwaste water from our facilities where there is thepotential for significant environmental impact. In the

As a result, we have seen even greater effort towardsaving energy resources along with a heightening ofawareness with regard to the environment in our staff.
Based on this result, we completed the introduction ofan environmental management system at our Mihama
Power Station (nuclear) in fiscal 2000 and began
introducing the same at our electric power offices at
Kishiwada, Tanabe, Himeji and Kurobegawa.
From fiscal 2001, we plan to further develop this at othernuclear power stations (Ohi Power Station) (see Table 1).
■ Facilities Conforming to ISO14001 Standard (Table 1)
Type of Facility

Power offices

Fossil fuelpower stations

Nuclearpower stations

Self-declared

0（3）

13

1（1）

1

4

0

Externally certifiedThose in parentheses under construction (noted separately)Specific Operations

12

Environmental Management System

event of any irregularity occurring, there is a set ofprocedures to be followed. Furthermore, the current
state of our environmental management program isregularly evaluated by the Environmental Committee.
Internal Environmental Auditing
Each facility puts together a team made up of its own
staff to carry out an environmental audit each year on aregular basis.
The audit covers conformance with the ISO14001
Standard, compliance with laws and regulations,environmental performance and so on. This audit ismainly carried out by internal auditors that have been
trained at auditor training institutes. This, therefore,
serves to heighten impartiality and transparency.
Furthermore, such auditors are seconded to othersections other than their own to even further heighten
objectivity.
Moreover, improvements are being carried out torectify flaws that these internal audits have identified in
the amendment of organizational naming of various
types of documentation and in security at closed waste
disposal incinerator facilities.
Review by top management
Top management of each facility carries out a complete
review of the results of internal audits: how far targets
have been met with regard to the environmental
management program, whether legal requirements arebeing strictly adhered to and system reorganization at theend of each year. It then examines whether this will entail
any improvements or revisions being made. Based on the
result of this activity, Chief of each facility thendetermines the plan for the following year. In this way, we
are undertaking continual improvement activities.

Acquiring External Certification
In fiscal 1999, the Miyazu Energy Research Center and
Himeji No. 1 Power Station achieved ISO 14001 certificationfrom third party institutions. This will ensure even moreobjective assessment of our activities.
In fiscal 2000, the Kainan Power Station, Himeji No. 2
Power Station, and, for the first time at one of our electric
power offices, the Kishiwada Electric Power Office allreceived external certification (see Table 2).
We will continue to work to enhance a safe system ofenvironmental management, and at the same time willcontinue to strive for external certification.

■ Facilities that have been awarded external certification(Table 2)
Name of facility

Date of Registration

Miyazu Energy Research Center (Fossil Fuel)March 24, 2000

Himeji No.1 Power Station (Fossil Fuel)March 24, 2000

Kainan Power Station (Fossil Fuel)

October 27, 2000

Himeji No. 2 Power Station (Fossil Fuel)March 23, 2001

Kishiwada Electric Power Office

March 23, 2001

Environmental Management System at the Miyazu Energy Research Center
Topics The Miyazu Energy Research Center (fossil fuel power) works to protect the environment, following all laws andregulations and preventing pollution before it happens. It also carries out research into new sources of energy.
By doing away with a special bus that used to take employees to work and having theminstead take public transportation, the Miyazu Energy Research Center has cut costs andtaken a contributor of exhaust fumes off the road.
理念
宮津エネルギー研究所は、温排水利用研究と新・省エネルギー研究、ならびに火力発電による電力の安定供給を使命としたエネルギー産業の一翼を担う事業所として、人々の豊かな生活の実現を目指すとともに、当所および当所所員一人ひとりが地球市民の一員であることを自覚し、事業活動のすべてにおいて最重要課題の一つである地域環
境保全、ならびに地球環境保全に全力で取り組みます。

This has allowed the public bus system, which used to operate in the red, to increase
the number of buses and lengthen routes. Public transportation now takes people as far
as our office and the Tango Watch-Kan, a public exhibit which houses an aquarium.

環境基本方針１． 所員一人ひとりの環境保全に係わる意識向上を図り、環境保全活動の推進体制を確立し、環境管理システムの継続的改善に努めます。

２．法令及び関係自治体との協定を遵守し、積極的かつ継続的な環境保全活動を推進します。
３．環境保全設備の性能の維持ならびに循環型社会に適合した事業活動の推進により、環境汚染の未然防止に努めるとともに、教育訓練の実施により異常時の即応体制の維持に努めます。

４．発電熱効率の維持向上、省エネルギー活動の推進に努めます。

５．温排水利用研究、新・省エネルギー研究を通じ、地域環境保全と地球環境保全に努めます。

６．地域共生活動などに積極的に取り組み、当所の環境保全活動を社外に積極的にＰＲするとともに、ＰＲ施設において環境保全に関する提言を通じて、地域環境保全活動に努めます。

関西電力

制定

平成9年11月28日

最終改正

平成12年5月30日

関 西 電 力 株 式 会 社
宮 津 エ ネ ル ギ ー 研 究 所
所長

This expansion of the bus system has meant more convenience for local seniorcitizens and students traveling to school. The local municipality no longer has tosubsidize underused bus routes, the bus companies have more passengers to keep themin business, and there are fewer cars on the road. Locals have praised the Miyazu Energy
Research Center for energizing public transportation and creating convenience in thelocal community.
The Miyazu City Eco Network, formed by thecity and major local groups, has called forcompanies in the area to be ISO 14001 compliant.
By being the first company to do so, the Miyazu
Energy Research Center has made itself the city’s
leading corporate citizen.
Miyazu Energy Research Center

13

Environmental Management System

Education of Company Employees

Emergency Measures

We plan to promote even greater activity toward environmental
protection throughout all our areas of business. Therefore, we
believe it is necessary to continually educate our personnel. Thisis done at each place of work according to role and level of
responsibility, so that each employee may become ever moreautonomous and positive in their approach to the environment.
We will continue to run various internal education
programs. These will be aimed at giving each employee incharge of, or responsible for, implementing any given
policy on the environment in the workplace anunderstanding of domestic and international trends withregard to various environmental issues, a knowledge of thecompany’s own specific measures with regard to eachproblem and the directionality of those measures.
In the year 2000, we gave staff newly responsible for
dealing with environmental issues and staff at the deputychief level the necessary basic knowledge to reach anunderstanding of our company’s environmental policies
and of how to positively promote them; and we gave them
the necessary knowledge and ability to function as internal
inspectors in order to facilitate a smooth introduction of
the ISO14001 standard. In this way, we ran a highly
effective and practical program of study (see Table 3).
We intend to continue to enhance our employee
education program so that we may further promote
environmental protection, starting by giving our staff thepractical knowledge to deal with the requirements andimplementation of the ISO14001 standard.

The “Air Pollution law” defines an emergency as that inwhich air pollution reaches the level, which may cause
damage to human health and the living environment.
In such cases, the governors of municipal governments
are to issue public announcements such as forecasts andwarnings according to the degree of the state of
emergency.
All our fossil fuel power stations are equipped withcomputerized on line systems in which real timeobservations are possible. In the event of an emergency,
appropriate actions are taken quickly (see Figure 4).
In the photochemical smog emergency, we takemeasures meeting the local government’s request to
reduce nitrogen oxides (NOx) by raising efficiency ofdenitrification facilities, and restricting out put of powerand converting to good quality (low-nitrogen content) oil.
We submit the reduction plans in emergency to
relevant prefectural authorities during the early fiscal year.

■ Number of Measures Taken to Reduce NOx
Emissions in the Photochemical Smog Emergency(Number for year 2000) (Table 4)
Number of measures taken to
reduce NOx emissions at our
fossil fuel plants concerned
41

Number of photochemicalsmog warnings issued
Forecast
Warning
44

54*The difference of the number caused from not operation our plants concerned
when the warnings issued.

■ Staff Education Programs Currently Available (Table 3)
Type of Education

Date

Content

Course on Inspection ofInternal Environment

This aims at educating environmental inspection staff at each place of business; it aims togive them the knowledge of the requirements and inspection methods demanded by the
2000/10 ISO standard, and aims at leveling up their abilities. This is to accompany the introductionof internal inspection with regard to the environmental management system.

Staff Targeted

Number of
Staff Attending

Internal Inspectors at each Plant(Deputy Chief, Manager level)

23

Course for Staff Responsible forEnvironmental Management

This aims to raise levels of ability and knowledge relating to the requirements and Each Deputy Chief, Chief Manager and2000/9 management methods within the ISO standard, and is targeted at those staff in charge ofManager at headquarters and branches
implementing environmental management.

93

Course for Staff Responsible
for Environment

This is intended to give staff knowledge of the company’s environmental policy, external
2000/9 and internal trends associated with environmental issues, environmental management
methods within the ISO14001 standard and the greening of the environment

47

Award for Excellence in Promoting
Action Plan for Global Environmental
Consideration in Workplace
In order to raise staff awareness of environmental
protection and to encourage related activities, weestablished a system of awards in fiscal 1992 to commend
branches for excellence in this field. Commendation is notjust restricted to those who have commenced a new planof action for that year: it is also given on a comprehensive

Staff Newly Responsible
for the Environment

evaluation of such work ■ Example of Work Carried out at an AwardWinning Workplace in Fiscal 2000
where it has been carried out
with great conscientiousness
over an extended period oftime.

Nara Electric Power Office
For cooperation with Elementary School,in building of biotope

14

Environmental Management System

Monitoring and Measuring ofEnvironmental Impact• Monitoring and Measuring of SOx and NOx
In addition to promoting environmental measuresthroughout all our stations, we also carry out regularinspections and periodical measurements to ascertain
whether such measures are actually taking effect. In
particular, we conduct inspections and measurements at allof our power stations involving levels of air pollution ,water pollution , and noise and vibration in agreementwith relevant governing bodies.
Particularly , the amounts of SOx and NOx in flue gas
are transmitted to such monitoring centers , in addition ,we report the measuring results of quality in waste watersuch as chemical oxygen demand and suspended solids .
Finally , we also conduct monitoring survey to make acomprehensive assessment of our impact in the vicinity ofour power stations. No particularly impact has been
observed.

• Monitoring and Measurement of Radioactivity andRadioactive Materials
In order to make sure that the amounts of radiation producedin the running of our nuclear power stations do not reach alevel where they may become a problem, radiation andradioactive materials are monitored (see Table 5).
The amounts of radiation given off from radioactive
waste from our nuclear power stations are almost always
below the limits of detectability. Therefore, the yearlyamount of radiation that reaches the local population isless than 0.001 mili-sieverts. A comparison will show that
this amount is far lower than the amount of naturalradiation that the public would be exposed to in one year,
which would be 2.4 mili-sieverts (see Figure 8).
■ Level of Radiation Encountered in Daily Life (Figure 8)

ImpactEffective dose equivalent(mili-sieverts)

Natural radiation

Artificial radiation
10
6.9 Chest X-ray by CT scan

Natural dose
per person (annual)

2.4

Dose limit for general public
1.0 (annual) (excluding exposurefor medical purposes)

1・0.38 from space
・0.46 from the earth
・0.24 from food・1.3 from radon and othersuch airborne substances

0.3 Chest X-ray (once per year)
0.1
0.01
Less than 0.001■ Evaluation Value of Radiation in the Power Station Surrounding Area (Table 5)
Power Station

1991

1992

1993

1994

1995

1996

1997

Dose equivalent from
nuclear plant(Milli-Sieverts per year)

1998

1999

2000

Mihamabelow 0.001 below 0.001 below 0.001 below 0.001 below 0.001 below 0.001 below 0.001 below 0.001 below 0.001 below 0.001

Takahama

below 0.001 below 0.001 below 0.001 below 0.001 below 0.001 below 0.001 below 0.001 below 0.001 below 0.001 below 0.001

Ohi

below 0.001 below 0.001 below 0.001 below 0.001 below 0.001 below 0.001 below 0.001 below 0.001 below 0.001 below 0.001

Siebert: Unit denoting degree of impact of radioactivity on human bodyTechnological Development forEnvironmental Protection

Our company is involved in a wide range of research
activities. In order to isolate CO2 as the main factor of
global warming, collect, fix and turn it into a resource, weare conducting research utilizing chemicals, organic
matter and plant life. We are also researching15

environmental problems familiar to us all, reducing waste,
promoting reuse and planting trees around the power
plants. (See p. 27, p. 35, p. 36, p. 39 ~ p. 40)

Environmental Management System

State ofEnvironmental
Communication
Communication with the Local Society
We are keen that all our employees use the information andopinions they hear from our customers and from members of the
public as they go about their daily lives and business to the best
advantage at their place of work. We call this our ‘Face to Face’
policy on communication with the public.
Where necessary, information received in such a way will be
responded to by that place of business, and, at the same time, suchinformation will be disseminated throughout the company via our
LAN system as ‘The Voice of Danbo’. In this way, all our
employees are able to see this information. Please allow us to
introduce a few examples with regard to environmental protection.

Communication by means of Environmental Reports
Each year the company publishes its ‘Kansai ElectricPower’s Global Environmental Action Report’ (this report),
which gives information on the company’s policies withregard to measures toward environmental protection, goals
and the current state of such activities. This is the 9th suchreport. (In fiscal 1998, we received the Prize for Excellencefrom the Environmental Reporting Prizes jointly sponsoredby Toyo Keizai, Inc. and the Green Reporting Forum)
The year 2000 edition amounted to 28,000 copies. Froma questionnaire that was attached to the back of this same
report, we were able to gather answers on 14 items. The
figure below gives the main content.
Impression of the report

Average
3 items
21%• It is extremely significant that corporate bodies should take theinitiative in tackling environmental problems. Please continue
the good work. (male)• I didn’t know that Kansai Electric was involved in tree planting. I
realize it might not sound much, but I was very impressed.
(female)• I would like to see you working to promote not just nuclear
power, but solar and wind power, too. (male)→ Our company’s response: We are indeed working to develop
and popularize new energies through introducing a system ofpurchasing excess electricity and by cooperating with thework of the Kansai Green Energy Fund.
• I approve of the Green Energy Fund, but at 500 yen per month I
can’t help feeling it might be too high for some people. (male)→ Our company’s response: From April of 2001 this will be cut
to 100 yen per month.
• I saw one Kansai Electric vehicle which had been parked withthe engine still running despite having a sticker calling on
people to switch off when they stop. (female)→ Our company’s response: We are working to remind all our staff
to be aware of the need to switch off their engines when they stop.

Furthermore, we are using public calls for feedback togather ‘Electric Monitor’ opinions using surveys, informal
discussion meetings, lectures, educational tours and so on. In allthese ways we are working to promote a deeper understandingof our company’s activities within the general public.
Moreover, apart from carrying out questionnaires on ourcustomers, we are also working to further boost
communication through exchange of opinion with experts
from other fields and people with their finger on the regional
pulse. This is being done at ‘Informal Talks on Energy’ heldat our various branches and ‘Informal Discussions on
Services’ at our offices.

Impression of our company’s work in
tackling environmental problems

Difficult tounderstand1 items
8%

Easy tounderstand10 items
71%

Considergood up toa point
4 examples
29%

Considervery good
10 examples
71%‘Cannot really say’ or‘Cannot say’:no answers to theseIn response to the items ‘What would you like to know
about in more detail?’ and ‘What do you think our company
should do next?, we received 6 answers bringing up ‘thedevelopment and popularization of new energies’. Therefore,
in this edition of the report, we have included more information
on how we are tackling these issues at the moment.
Furthermore, in order to get input from an even larger
number of people, we have decided to make a gift of ecogoods to those who send in their responses.
Starting in fiscal 1998, we have also set up anenvironmental homepage on the Internet, which carries ourGlobal Environmental Action Report. Since its inception, we
have boosted its content by also publishing press releases withregard to our environmental protection activities andinformation on the environmental events that we sponsor.
In fiscal 2000, we received some 108 requests andquestions via the Internet. The most important ones along with
our responses are given in the table below.
Content

Request for copy of Global Environment Action Report

69 items (63%)

Response It has been sent (except where out of stock in the case of back numbers)Content

Questions regarding the Kansai Green Electricity Fund

7 items (6%)

Response We gave an explanation of how the fund was organized and its purpose
Content

Questions about our measures for dealing with NOx, SOx and air pollution.

Response We answered questions on the data we had published.

We also received questions regarding units of CO2
emissions, new energies, our overseas activities in working toprevent global warming and so on. We responded to all ofthese as appropriate and are still working to facilitate ever
better communication with the public.
16

5 items (5%)

Environmental Management System

Community Relations Facilities

Kansai Electric has major plans to build facilities withexhibits that introduce the public to our environmental
policies and where they can see working models of things
like solar energy systems and thus learn about new energy
sources.

In an attempt to provide information on our electric utility
business and our environmental preservation efforts and tocommunicate with local residents, community relations
facilities have been built on power station sites, where
people can familiarize themselves with our operations andequipment.

Wakasa Takahama ELdoland
At Wakasa Takahama ELdoland, Kansai Electric’s community relations
facility, visitors can observe all kinds of tropical plants and various
tropical fish in the Tropical Wonder greenhouse. Exhibits placed aroundthe site assist in teaching people about environmental problems andenergy issues.
Address

4-1 Aoto, Takahama-cho, Ohi-gun, Fukui Prefecture

Hours

From 10:00 a.m. to 6:00 p.m. (winter 5:00 p.m.)(Closed Mon. and Dec. 29 to Jan. 3)*If closing day falls on a national holiday, following
weekday is holiday in lieu.
Open Apr. 29-May 5, Jul. 20-Aug. 31

Contact
information
Tropical Wonder

Wakasa Takahama Eldoland
Tel: (0770) 72-5890
http://www.kepco.co.jp/pr/eldoland/index.htm

Mihama Nuclear Power Community Relations Center
The Mihama Nuclear PR center at the Mihama Power Station featuresmodels of a nuclear reactor and power station and various exhibits on
nuclear power, giving visitors the chance to enjoy while learning.
AddressNiu, Mihama-cho, Mikata-gun, Fukui Prefecture

Hours

From 9:00 a.m. to 5:00 p.m.
(Closed Dec. 29 to Jan. 3)

Contact
information

Mihama Nuclear Power Plant Community Relations Center
Tel: (0770) 39-1210
http://www.kepco.co.jp/pr/mihama/index.htm

Ohiri-kan, EL Park Ohi (Ohi Power Station)
At the Ohiri-kan, visitors can see the actual workings of a nuclear power
station at the Nuclear Power Theater, a model of a nuclear reactor
containment built to one-third scale. They can also view the plant’s
actual radiation management section through a glass barrier.
Address

Tsutsumishita 40, Oshima, Ohi-cho, Ohi-gun, Fukui
Prefecture

Hours

From 9:00 a.m. to 5:00 p.m.
(Closed Dec. 29 to Jan. 3)

Contact
information

17

Ohiri-kan, EL Park Ohi
Tel: (0770) 77-3053
http://www.kepco.co.jp/pr/ohi/index.htm

Environmental Management System

EL City Nanko (Nanko Power Station)
A great place to experience the freshness of the wilderness in Osaka, the EL
City Nanko community relations center boasts surrounding forested hills
with walking trails, an open grass field, and a brook for playing or relaxing.
Address

7-3-8 Nanko Minami, Suminoe-ku, Osaka

Hours

From 10:00 a.m. to 5:30 p.m.
(Closed 3rd Thurs. of every month, Dec. 29 to Jan. 3)

Contact
information

EL City Nanko
Tel: (06) 6613-7458
http://www.kepco.co.jp/pr/elcity/index.htm

Tango Watch-kan (Miyazu Energy Research Center)
The Tango Watch-kan community relations center at the Miyazu Energy
Research Center has an aquarium with fish and shellfish native to thecoastal areas near the site as well as a “petting pool” where kids canreach in and touch the fish. Visitors can also see a wind-powered
generator and solar-powered house.
Address

1001 Oda Shukuno, Miyazu, Kyoto

Hours

From 9:00 a.m. to 5:00 p.m.
(Closed Dec. 29 to Jan. 3)

AquariumContact
information
Darrieus wind turbine power generator

Tango Watch-kan
Tel: (0772) 25-2026
http://www.kepco.co.jp/pr/miyazu/index.htm

EL Village Okawachi (Okawachi Power Station)
The EL Village Okawachi community relations facility has log house stylebuildings that fit in perfectly with the surrounding mountains andforests. The buildings house a library where visitors can learn about
nature and plants of the world and a center where guests can receive
advice on planting their own flowers and gardens.
Address

34-1 Nitta Hase, Okochi-cho, Kanzaki-gun, Hyogo Prefecture

Hours

From 10:00 a.m. to 5:30 p.m.
(Closed 2nd Mon. of every month, Dec. 29 to Jan. 3)

Contact
information

EL Village Okawachi, Okawachi Power Station
Tel: (0790) 35-0888
http://www.kepco.co.jp/pr/okawachi/index.htm

Kurobegawa Electricity Memorial Hall
Let us introduce you to the fierce beauty of the Kurobe canyon and the dramaof the people who have forged a life here, the courage and wisdom of ourancestors. Please see how our company has harnessed hydroelectric power.
Address

483-1, Unazuki-machi, Shimoniikawa-gun, Toyama
Prefecture

Hours

From 7:30 a.m. to 6 p.m. 20 April to 30 November
From 9 a.m. to 4 p.m. December 1 to April 19 (closed
Tuesdays between December 1 and April 19)

Contact
information

Kurobegawa Electricity Memorial Hall
Tel: 0765 (62) 1334
http://www.kepco.co.jp/pr/kurobe/index.htm

18Environmental Management System

Observance of Environmental Regulations

Environmental Assessment for Power
Station Construction
Since 1973, the Ministry of International Trade andIndustry (MITI) (currently, the Ministry of Economy,
Trade and Industry) has required that an environmental
impact assessment be conducted whenever a power stationis constructed. In accordance with the ministerial council’s
1977 document entitled “Strengthening of Environmental
Impact Reviews in Power Plant Siting,” we have carriedout 16 environmental assessments to date in order tocontribute to environmental protection.
In 1997, the new Environmental Impact Assessment
Law was passed, and revisions of the Electric Utilities
Industry Law were implemented in June 1999. Under theEnvironmental Impact Assessment Law, before
implementing large-scale development projects,
corporations conduct their own environmental impact
assessment to determine the procedures for implementing
environmental assessment with consideration toenvironmental preservation. Specific procedures for power
stations have been determined additionally under theElectric Utilities Industry Law.
Under the new system, environmental consideration isrequired from the early stages of the project, andprocedures to judge whether assessment is necessary or
not and determine contents and method of the assessment
have been added. For the construction of power stations,the result of the assessment becomes the requirement for
the approval of the construction plan (see Figure 9).
Moreover, we carry out surveys both during
construction work and after commencement of operations
in order to ascertain whether predicted results and effectsof steps for environmental conservation fall in line withthose found in the evaluation report.
Based on this environmental assessment system,
Kansai Electric will endeavor to construct and operate
power plants with consideration to the environment.

■ Power station assessment system in accordancewith the law (Figure 9)
Power station assessment(Environmental Impact Assessment Law/Electric Utilities Industry Law)

(Screening)
Establishment ofobjective undertaking

Decision by minister of
economy, trade and industry(Scoping)

Judging individually whether or not anassessment procedure is necessary for
power stations within the scope
determined by the government ordinances(implementing the environmental impact
assessment by a simple method)

Opinions

Prefectural
governor

Deciding items / methods for assessment

Making the environmental
impact assessment method report
Public announcement /general inspection

Opinions

Inspection/recommendation
by minister of economy,
trade and industry

Opinions

Residents

Prefectural
governor

Implementing the environmental
impact assessment
Making the environmental
impact assessment specifications
Public announcement / generalinspection, explanatory meeting
Inspection/recommendation
by minister of economy,
trade and industry

Opinions

Residents

Opinions

Prefectural
governor

Opinions

Minister for theEnvironment

Making the report ofenvironmental impact assessment
An order to change
may be issued

Minister of
economy, tradeand industry

Public announcement /general inspection
Effect on construction plan
Environmental consideration
through assessment report
Application and notification of
approval for construction plan

Minister of
economy, trade
An order to change and industry
Approval

may be issued(Note)

19

Procedures which have been added in accordance with the enactment
or amendment of a law.
Clauses complying with assessment report have been added toapproval conditions for construction plans.

Environmental Management System

Legal Regulations Pertaining to theEnvironment

The Environmental Protection Agreement contains thevarious legal restrictions, bylaws and various items
mutually agreed with local bodies and businesses withregard to the running of our facilities. As yet, there havebeen no examples of any of these restrictions being broken.

■ Main Statutes Regarding to the Environment
Title

Contents (Aims)

Material and/or behavior concerned

Restrictions pertaining to emissions of soot, smoke and particulate from the business activities of factories
and business establishments, and also emissions of particulate while buildings are being demolished

Restrictions pertaining to concentration of hydrogen ions and volumes ofchemical and biological oxygen demands, suspended matter, etc.

Water Pollution Control Law

Restrictions pertaining to effluent discharged by factories or establishments into the
Public Water Areas or undergroundRestriction pertaining to the maximum permittable levels of noise withinboundaries of factories or other types of work sites

Noise Regulation Law

Restrictions pertaining to noise generated by the operation of factories and othertypes of work sites as well as construction work affecting a considerable area

Restriction pertaining to permittable levels of vibration within boundaries offactories or other types of work sites

Vibration Regulation Law

Restrictions pertaining to vibration generated by the operation of factories and othertypes of work sites as well as construction work affecting a considerable area

Restriction pertaining to concentrations of offensive odor materials withinboundaries of factories or other types of work sites

Offensive Odor Control Law

Restrictions pertaining to offensive odors generated in the course of businessactivities at factories or at other places of business

Deals with control of production and processing of domestic wastes andindustrial wastes including ashes and sludge

Controls waste discharge and appropriate sorting, storage, collection, transport,
recycling, disposal, etc. of wastes

Deals with control of production and processing of garbage, general wastematerials, ashes and sludge resulting from industrial waste

This law was enacted to preserve natural scenic sites, facilitate usage, enhance thehealth of the citizens and their opportunities for recreation, and contribute to theeducation of the public in regard to the natural environment.

Additions, improvements, and new construction of facilities in speciallydesignated areas

Air Pollution Control Law

Waste Management andPublic Cleansing Law
Natural Parks Law■ Main Ordinances
Title

Contents (Aims)

Materials and/or behavior targeted

Ordinance Pertaining to the Protectionof Living Environment in Osaka
Prefecture(OsakaPrefecture)

Sets out duty of prefecture and local government, businesses and citizens with regard to protection of
the habitat. Lays down and promotes prefectural policy on this; enforces protection against
environmental pollution

Mostly equivalent to general laws pertaining towater and the atmosphere. Its restrictions on
waste materials are the same as or stricter
than the standard

Ordinance Pertaining to the Protection
and Creation of Environment(Hyogo Prefecture)

A comprehensive and planned approach to promoting the protection of a healthy and rich environment; aconsensual policy on behalf of the citizens of the prefecture, based on the unique characteristics of Hyogo
prefecture, toward the creation of a beautiful and comfortable environment

As above

Law on the Protection and Fostering of
the Environment of Kyoto Prefecture(Kyoto Prefecture)

Contributes toward the firm establishment of the protection of a rich and comfortable environment inwhich people and nature may co-exist in harmony and enjoy a rich and proud history and culture; andto a healthy and cultural lifestyle both now and in the future through the creation of a pleasant andcomfortable environment in which to live

As above

Ordinance Pertaining to the Preventionof Environmental Pollution in
Wakayama Prefecture

Contributes to the comprehensive and planned promotion of policy toward environmental protection
through the establishment of basic items of policy on such; thus contributes toward the firm
establishment of a healthy and cultural lifestyle for both now and the future.

As above

Ordinance Pertaining to the Preventionof Environmental Pollution in Fukui
Prefecture

Contributes toward the health and protection of the prefectural citizens and the protection of theirliving environment by laying down the necessary restrictions and measures to be taken with regard to
the prevention of environmental pollution

As above■ Main Agreements
Each of our power stations has had an agreement concerning environmental protection between the local governments.
Such an agreement contains stringent values compare to those standards set by laws and ordinances, for the purpose ofachieving environmental protection.
(

Title

Power Plant Targeted

p

Party

Agreement on Pollution Prevention Concerning Construction of Tanagawa No.2 Power Station

Tanagawa, Tanagawa No.2

Osaka Prefecture

Agreement on Pollution Prevention at Nanko Power Station

Nanko, Sakaiko, Sanpo, Osaka, Kasugade

Osaka Prefecture

Agreement on Pollution Prevention

Amagasaki Higashi, Amagasaki No. 3

Hyogo Prefecture and Amagasaki City

Agreement on Pollution Prevention

Takasago

Hyogo Prefecture and Takasago City

Agreement on Environmental Protection

Himeji No. 1, No. 2

Hyogo Prefecture and Himeji City

Agreement on Pollution Prevention

Aioi

Hyogo Prefecture and Aioi City

Agreement on Environmental Protection

Akoh

Hyogo Prefecture and Akoh City

Agreement on Pollution Prevention

KainanWakayama Prefecture and Kainan City

Agreement on Environmental Protection at Gobo Power Station and Gobo No. 2 Power Station

Gobo, Gobo No.2

Wakayama City/Gobo City and Mihama Town

Agreement on Pollution Prevention at the Miyazu Energy Research Center

Miyazu Energy Research Center

Kyoto Prefecture and Miyazu City

Agreement on Environmental Protection at Maizuru Power Station

Maizuru

Maizuru City and Takahama City

Agreement on Environmental Protection at Wakayama Power Station

Wakayama

Wakayama Prefecture and Wakayama City

Agreement on Environmental Safety for Area around Nuclear Power Station

MihamaFukui Prefecture and Mihama Town

Agreement on Environmental Safety for Area around Nuclear Power Station

Ohi

Fukui Prefecture and Ohi Town

Agreement on Environmental Safety for Area around Nuclear Power Station

Takahama

Fukui Prefecture and Takahama Town

20)

Working to Reduce Loadon the Environment
Observance of Environmental Regulations(Results for the Fiscal Year 2000)

Load on the Environment from
515,000 S
1,370,000 S
5,463,000 t
60,000 S

Heavy oil
INPUT

Crude petroleum
LNG
Other

(converted into heavy oil)

234t-U

Nuclear fuel(weight of uranium before irradiation)

Volume of electricity used in pumping water

Main Areas of Effort toward
Reducing Load on Environment

We are to deliver electricity to ourcustomers. Therefore in order toproduce good quality electricity, we
have to consume various types of fuelat our power stations (input). In
providing services to our customers, we
also consume gasoline in our vehicles
and electricity and water in our offices.
These are all limited resources and we
do our best to use them wisely by
undertaking various measures to keep
the amount of CO2 and other types ofindustrial waste (output) produced as aresult of our business activities down tothe absolute minimum.
To help us in our efforts to obtainreal reductions in environmental impact
in all our areas of business, we havebuilt up a general picture of the load
our operations exert on theenvironment. As far of possible, wehave tried to obtain a quantitative
picture in order to better grasp andunderstand the situation.

Progress towardload leveling(p. 25)2,877 million kWh
Renovation ofhydroelectric power
stations(p.34)

Measures toward environmental
protection at fossil fuelpower stations(p. 46)

Volume of electricity produced

Progress toward
nuclear power
stations (p.32)

125,603 million kWh

3,9540,000 t-CO2
SOx2,834tNOx
6,123tVolume of industrial waste
70.7 thousand t
Volume of low-level radioactive waste
2,944

OUTPUT

CO2(200 liter drums)

Volume of high-level radioactive waste

84(glassification)

The number of barrels from this company accepted at Rokkasho village,high-level radioactive waste disposal plant in Aomori prefecture in the year 2000

21

Working to Reduce Load on the Environment

Load on environment throughservice activities for our company

Supplying Electricity
Volumes purchased fromother companies

Electricity

Volume of electricity

33,092 million kWhAlternative forms of energy
Solar energy
Wind power
Waste

11 million kWh405,000 kWh
432million kWh

Market permeationof alternative formsof energy (p. 29)

122 million kWh

Water640,000 m3

Gasoline

3,794 SLight oil

1,188 S

Reduction in volume
of water used (p. 61)

Reduction oftransmission anddistribution loss (p. 35)

Introduction ofelectric vehicles (p. 28)

Reduction in exhaustgas from vehicles (p. 61)

Volume of internal consumption andtransmission/distribution loss

1,296 million kWhVolume of electricity sold

142,852 million kWhVolume of CO2 emissions fromuse of vehicles

11,902 t-CO2(per thousand t)

Volume used
Volumefor reclamation 54.9
recycled asVolume of
new resource thermal energy
4.8
harvested
Reduction in volume
treated mid-process

1.7

Final volume processed

9.4

Customers

22

Working to Reduce Load on the Environment

Responding to Global Environmental Problems

Transportation(cars, ships,
planes, etc.)
21.2%

Total
1225 million t-CO2

neCommercial(offices, otherbusinesses)
12.2%

rg y

Domestic (households)
13.0%-r ela te d 9 3.8Industry (factories, etc.)
40.3%(Note)* Figures indicate percentage of total emissions by power plants allotted tovarious sectors by their final demand in proportion to their power usage.
* Figures in this graph indicate percentage of total emissions* “Others” includes statistical errors as well as the consumption of lubricants.
Source: assembled from Ministry of Environment data

U.S.A.
24%■ Japan’s CO2 emission trend by sector (Figure 12)
Worldwide:
22.4 billion t-CO2（million t-CO2）

Expansion rate since fiscal 1990 is indicated in parentheses

600
China
13%

Australia 1%

（+1％）

500

Mexico 2%
France 2%
Korea 2%
Italy 2%

Energy conversion(power stations,oil refineries, etc.)
7.0%

Industrial processing(limestone consumption, etc.)
4.3 %■ World CO2 emissions from fossil fuel combustion(1998) (Figure 10)

Others29%

Others 0.1%

Waste material(incineration of plastics, etc.)
1.9%EWorldwide CO2 emissions amounted to approximately
22.4 billion t-CO2 (result for fiscal 1998), with Japanaccounting for 5% of the total (see Figure 10).
Looking at CO 2 emissions in Japan by sector, theindustry sector accounted for 40%, the domestic sector(households) 13%, the commercial sector 12%, and thetransportation sector 21% (see Figure 11).
Of the increase in CO2 emissions caused by energy
generation in each sector since fiscal 1990, the industrial
sector has seen an increase of 1%, the commercial sector
an increase of 17% and the transportation sector a marked
increase of some 23% (see Figure 12). This is mainly due
to the increase of energy consumed with the growth ofamenities in the commercial sector, as well as the increasein number and size of private cars in the transportation
sector.

■ Japan’s CO2 emissions by sector (Fiscal 1999)(Figure 11)%

CO2 Emissions Worldwide and in Japan

IndustryJapan
5%

Russia7%

400
Commercial
and Domestic

Canada 2%
U.K. 3%494

490（+17％）

300

309

Germany 4%
India 4%263

Source: Outline of Energy and Economic Statistics 2001
Japan Energy and Economic Research Institute200

Transportation（+23％）

260

211（+12％）

100
EnergyConversion
0

86

77

90

99

(Fiscal year)

Source: assembled from Ministry of Environment data

23

Working to Reduce Load on the Environment

Measures to Reduce CO2 Emissions in
the Electric Power Industry
To reduce CO2 emissions resulting from power generation,
we must attack the problem from both the supply side andthe demand side.
Power consumption
CO2 emissions(kg-CO2)=(kWh)
Quantity of electricity
consumed×CO2 emissions per unitof power generated(kg-CO2/kWh)
CO2 emissions unit

In order to achieve this, electric utility companies havetaken a number of measures to reduce CO2 emissions perkWh, by working to achieve the optimum generation
capacity mix with a focus on nuclear power and improvethe efficiency of facilities at fossil fuel power stations.
We are also promoting load leveling to achieve
efficient energy use by developing and popularizing
equipment that has high energy efficiency.

Approximately 10,000 people from fields such as
government, NGOs, and media in 161 countries
participated in the Third Session of the Conferenceof the Parties to the UNFCCC (COP3) held in
Kyoto, December 1-11, 1997.
Although assertions from each country werestrongly divided over the goals for greenhouse gas
reduction, the conference ended by adopting the

The Electric Power Industry’s
Environmental Plan of Action
The Federation of Electric Power Companies of Japan
published the Environmental Plan of Action for the ElectricPower Industry in November 1996, in order to step up
voluntary efforts to solve problems such as global warming.
The forth review was conducted in September 2001.
The plan sets the following target: “By fiscal year 2010,
we will try to reduce the number of units of CO2 emitted by
as much as 20% of the real figure for fiscal year 1990 (by asmuch as 0.3kg-CO2/kWh)”.
Accordingly, even though gross electric power output is
expected to increase by 150% by 2010, CO2 emissions are
expected to increase by around 120%, based on fiscal 1990 levels.
CO2 emissions
approx. 330 million t-CO2(1.2 x 1990 levels)

Power consumption

CO2 emissions per unit ofpower generated(1.5 times)

approx. 0.3kg-CO2/kWh(20% reduction)= approx. 964 billion kWh ×

Kyoto Protocol to determine concrete numericalgoals for advanced nations.
At the reconvention of COP6 held in Bonn inJuly 2001, in Germany, a basic agreement on
carbon sinks was reached, but the details still
remain to be settled following COP7 held in
October of the same year.

■ Main Contents of the Kyoto Protocol
Target Period

Five years between 2008 and 2012 (First Phase)

Target Gas

CO2, methane, nitrous oxide, HFC, PFC, SF6 (note 1)

Base Year

1990 (1995 may also be selected for HFC, PFC, SF6)

Emission Reduction
TargetAt least 5% reduced from the base year by advanced nations (note 2) as a whole
EU 8%, U.S.A. 7%, Japan 6%, Russia 0%, Australia +8%, etc.

Sinks

Resulting from land use change and forestry activities, limited to afforestation,
reforestation and deforestation since 1990, were considered.

Kyoto Mechanism

Emissions Trading

The difference between numerical goals and actual emission can be traded as an “emission
right.”

Joint Implementation

If the greenhouse gas reduction project is performed among advanced nations, emission
reductions from the project can be transferred and/or obtained.

Clean Development
Mechanism(between advanced nations
and developing nations)

The greenhouse gas reduction project will be performed between advanced nations anddeveloping nations. Advanced nations can obtain their reduced amount through a certain
authentication procedure. Developing nations also receive profit from the project activities.

Basic agreement
was reached, but
the details remain
to be worked out(note 1) HFC (hydrofluorocarbons) and PFC (perfluorocarbons) are substitution gases for specific chlorofluorocarbons. SF6 (sixth fluoridation sulfur) is insulation gas.
(note 2) Advanced nations: Annex B countries to the Kyoto Protocol (OECD member nations as well as the former Soviet republics and Eastern European nations); 38 countries, 1international organization (EU)24

Efficiency

Efficient utilization of energy by society as a whole

Measures to Prevent Global Warming– New ERA Strategy –Here at Kansai Electric we are actively developing our New ERA Strategy as a comprehensive policy
aimed at the reduction of greenhouse gases. ERA stands for Efficiency, Reduction and Activities abroad
as well as carrying the meaning of epoch. It embodies our aim of beginning a new age (see page 5).

Efficiency
Efficient utilization of energy bysociety as a whole

Promoting Load Leveling25(thousands in cases)
120(cases)115

Number of contracts for ourtime-specific electricity

100

3,815

95

80

80

49

1,877

40

3,500
3,000

2,804

65
60

4,000

2,500

Number of contracts
for our heat storage
adjustment systems

1,392
1,103

20

2,000
1,500
1,000

0
96

97

98

Number of contracts for ourheat storage adjustment systems

2■ Number of contracts for our heat storage
adjustment systems and time-specific electricity(Figure 14)

Number of contracts for ourtime-specific electricity

Kansai Electric promotes the use of off-peak nighttime electricity.
Such electricity emits less CO2, a substance that contributes greatly
to global warming (see Figure 13).
To achieve this, we■ Kansai Electric’s CO2 emissions per electricity sold have been striving to(Figure 13)
spread the use of our ice(kg-CO /kWh)(water) storage air0.35
conditioning systems and0.30（0.29）
0.30
0.27（0.28）
electric water heaters. In
0.25
0.22（0.24）
addition, we introduced a
0.20
system of cheaper
0.15
electricity rates in the
0.10
evenings in an attempt to0shift some of the use from
Daily AverageNighttime (10pm-8am) Daytime (8am-10pm)
the peak daytime period(Average demand over five years from fiscal 1996 to 2000. Figures in parentheses are for fiscal 2000 only)
and thus lessen theabove-mentioned electricity gap between day and night.
These are some of the benefits of our nighttime electricity use
devices and system:(1)Customers achieve substantial savings by using cheapernighttime electricity.
(2)We can improve our operation efficiency by reducing power
generation costs because the gap between daytime andnighttime demand can be leveled off.
(3)Through the use of nighttime power, with its high nuclear power
generation ratio and low CO2 emissions, we are contributing lessto global warming.

That is to say, by recommending that our customers make useof nighttime electricity, we can play a role in preventing global
warming at the same time as providing them with a cheaper
alternative.
As a result of the promotion of these programs by Kansai
Electric and other manufacturers, there has been a steady increasein the number of contracts for our “heat storage adjustment
system” and “time-specific electricity” (see Figure 14).

02000 (Fiscal year)99

In particular, when customers make use of the “Happy Time”
we introduced in March 2000 (a reduction on charges formornings, evenings and holidays, when the whole family gets
together), and when they go for all-electric housing in addition,then we can offer even greater cost reductions. Since its inception,
this system, “Happy Plan”, has spread rapidly (see Figure 15).
■ Number of households using “Happy Plan” (Figure 15)(thousands in cases)

30
25.5

25
20
14.0

15
10
5
0

19.5

7.4
3.2
6

9

12

3

6 （Month）

E
R A

Efficient utilization of energy by society as a whole

In October 2000, we introduced the “L PAC”, or“Contract by Load” option, which offers an advantage tothose customers that bear a heavy load in terms of
consumption. This was intended to further level out the
distribution of burden among our customers (see Table 6).
Not only are we bolstering our own system ofelectricity charges, but from fiscal 2001 we will also offer
consultation to factories and business premises on energy
conservation, which will serve to supplement use of thenational system of energy charge subsidies. We areproposing ways in which the public may efficiently use
energy through such means as the use of energy storage
tanks and the utilization of nighttime energy.
Moreover, we are working hand in hand with local
government to promote the use of such systems throughvarious activities. These include the annual “Let’s StoreHeat” event held every year in July organized by the Heat
Pump/Energy Storage Center (Foundation). Our own
company offers the “Kanden Customers’ Forum”, the“Storage Heat Air Conditioning Fair” and the “Eco Ice
Campaign”.
Furthermore, in the fiscal year 2000, we received the
Encouragement Prize for our “Environmentally-Friendly
Efforts Centered on Storage Heat-Type Air Conditioning
Systems” in the business division of the Osaka
Environment Prizes held by the prefecture of Osaka.

Moreover, we are now developing the “Hot Water
Supply Natural Air-Conditioning Heat Pump” inconjunction with various manufacturers and havescheduled its launch for the fall of 2001.
This hot water supplier utilizes a natural coolingmedium (CO2). This means that it doesn’t threaten theozone layer and serves to cut down on the emission ofgreenhouse gases at the same time. Moreover, it has
excellent heating capabilities. Without external heating, it
can boil water up to a temperature of 90oC, making it far
more efficient than conventional devices (a yearly averageof over COP*3.0). It is extremely effective in terms ofsaving energy. Furthermore, through this energy saving
effect and use of nighttime electricity, running costs canbe reduced by between 1/2 and 1/4 (value estimated byamount of heat in pipeline of Kansai Electric). In this way,
it realizes environmental conservation, energy saving andeconomic viability all at the same time. It could be said tobe the hot water supplier of the future (see Figure 17).
*COP (Coefficient of Performance): this gives the heating and coolingcapabilities of a given amount of electrical power. Therefore, the larger thevalue, the higher the level of efficiency.

■ How to Use the “Eco-Ice Mini” (Figure 16)

Ice created during the night

Daytime cooling■ New Menu on Offer from October 2000 (Table 6)
Outline
L PAC,
Contract by Load
Electricity for business purposes,
WE Type
High-Voltage Electricity, WE TypeNew type of service offering 5-tiercharge reduction plan for efficientand consistent customers

External
unit
Heat Storage
Tank Unit
Internal unit

Internal unit

Special service on offer to customers
who use large amounts of electricity
at weekends and on public holidays

Making ice with special
rate nighttime electricity

Used fordaytime cooling■ Hot Water Supply Natural Air Conditioning Heat
Pump System (Figure 17)

HP unitHot water supply

Tank unit

Fan
Tank

P
Electricity

Water supply

Heat
exchanger

Inflation valve

Compressor

Steam device

Atmospheric
heat

Leveling out of Distribution of Burden,
Spreading and Enlarging the System
In 1998, electricity companies and manufacturers
launched the Eco-Ice Mini that they had jointly developed.
This was mainly targeted at business premises and shops
around 50-200m2 in size. It is an ice heat storage airconditioning system and is being recommended widely to
our customers (see Figure 16).
In 1999 another such joint project launched the “IceStorage Freezing Water Condensing System”. With this,customers can make pure ice by freezing waste- waterproduced at night, thus enabling them to cut down on
amounts of waste water. At the same time, they can also
use this ice in their air conditioning systems or use it whenmelted as sprinkling water. We expect this system willcatch on even more in the future.

External
unit
Heat Storage
Tank Unit

26

Efficiency

Efficient utilization of energy by society as a whole

Developing Technology forHighly Efficient Energy Use
Generating constant output is more energy-efficient andeconomical than starting up and shutting down the power
station to adjust to fluctuations between nighttime anddaytime demand.
Accordingly, Kansai Electric is researching and studying
power storage batteries which will enable nighttime power tobe stored during the nighttime and then put to use during thedaytime. In particular, it has been decided to introduce redox
flow batteries at the Kansei Gakuin University Kobe Sanda
Campus in 2001, following
a demonstration carriedout at our own businesspremises in February of
2000. This is one of theways in which we haveachieved the wider use ofsuch batteries. Furthermore,such batteries can be
expected to be useful inimproving voltage dip
and for emergency power
supply systems, as well as
in helping bring about theRedox flow batteriesload leveling mentioned above. Therefore, we are making
every effort to research further such functions.
In addition, we are also working to develop
technologies aimed at even greater efficiency and costeffectiveness such as those of the “Eco-Ice Mini” and the“Hot Water Supply Natural Air Conditioning Heat Pump
System” mentioned above.

Eco-Ice Mini

Principle and Special Features of Redox Flow Batteries
Redox Flow Batteries use Vanadium solution in the electrolyte fluid at the negative and positive poles ofthe battery. As this electrolyte fluid circulates within the battery cell, it charges or produces electricity
through changes in the ionization value.
Redox Flow Batteries: cause flow of materials that

Charging

Discharging

cause Reduction and Oxidization reaction

Alternate current/Direct current converter

V5+
V5+／V4+
Electrolyte
tank

V2+
V2+／V3+

H+
e−

V4+

V3+

e−

Ion exchange film
Electrodes

Charging

Charging
state

V4+／V3+

Discharging

V5+／V2+

Electrolyte
tank
Cell

Pump

27

Discharging
state

Pump

No deterioration ofelectrolytes

High output power andhigh-speed response capabilities

No self-discharge

Normal temperature
operation

Long-life

Emergency
power supply

Can be on standby forlong periods of time

Easy maintenancecontrol

E
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Efficient utilization of energy by society as a whole

Promoting the Spread ofElectric Vehicles

Utilizing Untapped Energy Sources
A large amount of energy in municipal areas disappears
without being used.
Recycle-type regional heating services which makeeffective use of such untapped energy contribute toenvironmental preservation.
We are making efforts to convert untapped energy
from sources such as steam from fossil fuel power
stations, waste heat exhausted from office buildings andcomputers, and the regional heat supply, by taking
advantage of the differences between river or seawatertemperatures and atmospheric temperatures. At the end of
fiscal 2000, as part of our efforts to promote regional
heating and cooling systems, we established 10 regional
heating services (see Table 7).
In April 2001, we introduced a regional heat supply to
the Osaka Konohana Rinkai district (USJ District).
Moreover, we are now planning to introduce a regional
heating supply that makes use of river water and waste
heat from substations in the Osaka Nakanoshima 3-chome
district.

Electric vehicles are more energy-efficient than gasoline
vehicles, as they emit only 1/3 of the amount of CO2, evenwhen taking into consideration the loss during power
generation. The amount of CO 2 emissions is further
reduced when the batteries are charged at night.
At present, Kansai Electric is aggressively promoting
the use of electric vehicles within the company. We havealso placed 177 electric vehicles (excluding vehicles solely
for use on the premises) mainly at five sales offices locatedin major cities, and are using them on a daily basis.
Furthermore, through participation in and presentations
at a variety of events, we are promoting the spread ofawareness in regard to electric vehicles.

Electric vehicle

Osaka Nanko Cosmo Square■ Projects for Practical Use of Untapped Energy (Table 7)
Area

StartedService area (ha)Energy source

Osaka
Nishi
Umeda

Osaka
Honjo
HigashiNakanoshima
6-chome
Nishi

Osaka Nanko
Cosmo Square

KansaiInternational
AirportWakayama
Marina City

Kobe Research
Park Kanoko-dai

Apr. 1991

Jan. 1992

Nov. 1992

Apr. 1994

Apr. 1994

Jul. 1994

11

6

2

21

511

49

Waste heat from
Waste heatfrom cogeneration computers andbuildings

Waste heatfrom buildings

Sea water temperature,
Waste heat from Extracted steam fromwaste heat frompower stations
power stations
cogeneration andbuildings

Tenmabashi
Rinku
1-chomeTown Area

Sannomiya
StationNov. 1994

Jan. 1996

Sep. 1996

Apr. 1999

15

5

49

1

Waste heat fromcomputers andbuildings

River watertemperature,
waste heat fromcogeneration

Waste heatfromsubstations

Waste heatfrom buildings
and cogeneration

Facility capacity

Low
temperature
heat (RT)

3,217

3,041

2,740

17,70026,3805,050

10,460

6,600

5,550

2,150

High
temperature
heat (Gcal/h)

9.0

5.1

5.2

49.5

77.1

18.0

6.6

25.1

25.8

5.5

28

Efficiency

Efficient utilization of energy by society as a whole*20Actual result as at 1998

Predicted result for 2010

*Source: Target value set by European Commission

Assembled by Kansai Electric from documentation provided by General Energy
Chosakai’s New Energy Meeting

205

200
150

117

100

70

50

25

0

Japan

18

U.S. Germany Australia

68

13

13

9

9

9

Italy Switzerland Mexico Holland France Spain

11

3

211

3

410

1,000

23
1,530

2,000
2,492

3,000
4,000

4,445

5,000

(MW)

Source: Assembled by Kansai Electric from the IEA PVPS Report and WIND POWER report.
Note: Photovoltaic power as at end of fiscal 1999 and wind power as at end of 1999

Photovoltaic cells are expected to become an important
auxiliary energy source in years to come. Therefore, we installmore photovoltaic facilities when building or renovating ourbuildings. To date, we have had photovoltaic power
generation systems installed capable of generating 760kW,
and in fiscal 2000 we generated 557,000 kWh of power.
Kansai Electric has also installed a low wind velocity power
generator to conduct verification tests and deepen our knowledgeof actual operation. At the end of fiscal 2000, equipment with a
combined capacity of 154kW had been installed.
We have been promoting an institutional program for newenergy sources such as photovoltaic power since April 1992.
Customers who install power generation equipment for newenergy sources to produce household electricity and hope to sell
surplus power can have their equipment linked to our power grid.
In fiscal 2000, we bought 405,000 kWh of electricity generated
by wind power. To encourage the early development and use ofthis new technology, the purchase price of such surplus power isset equivalent to the ordinary sales price (see Figure 20).
■ Purchase of surplus power from photovoltaic
generation (Figure 20)(purchases)(thousand kWh)

8,000

11,00010,9877,000

10,000
8,031

8,000
6,000

5,804

6,000
5,000

5,000
4,636

4,000

4,000

1,000
2

92

1
12

93

5
83

94

556
58
259
247 554

95

96

2,000

2,528

1,569

2,000

0

3,000

3,035

3,000

1,000

1,454

97

Number of purchases (bar graph)

29

250

Volume of electric power purchased (line graph)

Photovoltaic and wind power generation
Although natural energy sources such as photovoltaic and wind
power are CO2-free, energy density is low, power generation isunstable due to changeable weather conditions, and thegeneration cost is higher than for traditional forms of energy.
However, in Japan, which lacks natural resources, these newenergy sources are being developed assertively, and the volumeof photovoltaic power generation introduced is the highest in theworld. Meanwhile, in the United States and Europe, which enjoy
far more favorable wind conditions, the use and introduction ofwind power facilities is making progress (see Figure 19).
Under the auspices of NEDO (New Energy and Industrial
Technology Development Organization, the Ministry of Economy,
Trade and Industry), our Rokko Test Center had installed
equipment for photovoltaic power generation (500 kW) and wind
power generation (33 kW). Trial tests were being conducted up to
March 2001 on the effect of photovoltaic generation on power
quality and safety when numerous photovoltaic power systems areconnected to our power grid, as well as countermeasures andtechnology to improve utilization merit.

(MW)

0

Wind power generation

Hydroelectric power, geothermal power, photovoltaic
power and wind power, the so-called “reusable” energies,
are all energy sources that do not produce CO2 whengenerating electricity. We believe it important to promote
the development of such energies. The rate of introductionof such reusable energy into Japan’s primary energy
supply, its achievements so far and prospects for the future
stand comparison well with that of other countries (seeFigure 18). Even though they could replace petrol, theiruse has not been widespread because they aren’t
economically viable. Since April 1997 the government has
worked to promote the use of such energies.
Among such reusable energies, photovoltaic and wind
power and waste-generated power have been designated inparticular. In terms of■ Rate of introduction of reusable energy in thepractical application,
primary energy supply (Figure 18)
they are being considered(%)
for use in clean
11.6
12
Japan
energy automobiles,
10
U.S.
EU
8
temperature differential
7.0
6.9
6.6
6
5.3
4.9
energy and fuel-cell4batteries.

■ Photovoltaic and wind power introduced (Figure 19)
Photovoltaic power generation

Developing and Popularizing
New Energy Sources

98

99

0
2000 (Fiscal Year)

Furthermore, in order to promote the use of large-scale wind
power generation and photovoltaic power generation, we haveintroduced the Kansai Green Electric Fund in cooperation with ourcustomers (see page 30).

E
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Efficient utilization of energy by society as a whole■ Purchase of surplus power from waste generation(Figure 21)(million kWh)500

(Purchases)

432
400

346 352

300

30

287

277

25
200
100
0

40

394

179

152

161

11

12

13

92

93

94

16

17

95

96

19

20

20

22
10

97

98

99

Number of purchases (bar graph)

Volume of electric power purchased(line graph)

Power Generation Using Waste materials
Electric power from waste is generated by using
combustion heat from waste as a heat source. Since there
is no additional burden on the environment from thissystem, Kansai Electric purchases from local governments
waste-generated power at a higher price than surplus
power from other independent power producers and at asimilar price to Kansai Electric’s unit selling price (seeFigure 21).

02000 (Fiscal year)

Purchasing cities: Osaka, Kyoto, Kobe, Suita, Wakayama, Toyonaka, Itami,
Takatsuki, Sakai, Nishinomiya, Ibaraki Akashi, and Amagasaki

Kansai Green Power FundWe have been working in various ways to promote the use ofalternative forms of energy such as solar power and wind power,
for example, buying up surplus electrical power. However, these
forms of energy are subject to changes in weather conditions andso are unstable. They are also expensive. Both of which factors arehindering the spread of such alternative energies.
Therefore, various consumers, power-producing companies
and alternative energy businesses have come together to create a
unified social body whose aim is to develop long-term, alternative
energy sources. And so, in October 2000 the Kansai Green Power
Fund (Foundation) was established in the Center for Industrial
Renovation of Kansai (CIRK) under our proposal.
Members of the public may make donations (each donationmust be made in units of 100 yen, although the number of such
units donated is up to the discretion of the participant) to this fundvia bank transfer on paying their electricity bills. On so doing, ourcompany both undertakes to look after the deposited sum andbasically match it with a donation of our own. We are also working
positively to promote the fund through newspaper advertisements,
radio commercials, information given on the back of electricity bills
and through other organs for the dissemination of social
information.
Money coming into the fund is managed by the Center for
Industrial Renovation of Kansai. A ‘Green Power Management
Committee’, made up of experts employed at the center, works to
select projects to receive help. These include various projects suchas large-scale wind power operations and solar power generation
for public use.
In fiscal 2001, 5 solar power projects (100kW) and 1 wind
power project (4,500kW) are to receive assistance.

■ Structure of Kansai Green Power Fund

Certificate ofparticipation

Sales of electricity
Use Kansai Electric’s
revenue collection system

Donations from
Kansai Electric*

The Green PowerManagement Committee

Donations fromdonators

Center for Industrial
Renovation of Kansai (CIRK)

Kansai Electric

Donators

Entrust donation

Purchasing sum

Certificate testifying to participation(Kansai area only)
Wind-generated energy,
Solar power for public use
Assistance(Nationwide use)
Wind-generated
energy*Center for Industrial Renovation of Kansai (CIRK)The Center for Industrial Renovation of Kansai (CIRK) is a
corporate body that was established in October 1987 withthe aim of strengthening development in the Kansai region.
It has been involved in a number of activities toward therevitalization of business in the Kansai region such as
formulating a grand design for such, research into major
projects, and the hosting of symposiums and seminars.

■ Structure of Kansai Green Power Fund
Area

Solar energy

Projects receiving assistance

OutputCapacity of
Facility

Kyoto Prefectural Uji Water Purification Plant (Kyoto Prefecture)

40kW

Shiga Prefectural Hikone Engineering High School (Shiga Prefecture)

20kW

Ashiya City Iwazono Elementary School (Hyogo Prefecture)

20kW

Yao City Kitayamamoto Elementary School (Osaka Prefecture)

10kW

Toyooka City Higashi Day Service Center (Hyogo Prefecture)
Wind-generated Taikoyama Wind Power Station (Kyoto Prefecture)energy10kW4,500kW

Image of Taikoyama Wind Power Station30

Efficiency

Efficient utilization of energy by society as a whole

Topics

An Environmentally Friendly Resource Saving Building(The Kobe Kansai Electruic Building)Radio tower= Wind tower

The Kobe Kansai Electric Building was rebuilt in line with theconcept of having a structure that would be robust against disaster,highly safe and reliable while exceptionally environmentally friendly
and gentle on resources at the same time.
As part of this, by way of being adapted to the environment, it
makes positive use of solar power, well water and other suchnatural energies. It has superb energy-saving capabilities and is
extremely economical, incorporating an air conditioning systemthat utilizes heat storage in order to cut down on CO2 emissions(Eco Ice). In these and other ways it aims to use energy andresources effectively.

Capturing light
Generation of solar power. Solar energy
panels capable of generating 18kW of power.

DesignDesign chosen to blend
in with local environment

Capturing wind

Cutting off heat

Using the wind power captured via the radio
tower, the whole building may be ventilated

The windows are double-glazed. This cuts
down on the amount of heat entering andleaving the building, thus saving the amount ofenergy required for air conditioning.
Easy flow of energy

Treating energy with respect

Diagram of double-glazing

100%

50%

Singleglazing

Doubleglazing

The building is designed to allow the effective
use of natural light in providing lighting for therooms. Light sensors work to adjust theenergy output of lighting apparatus, allowing
energy to be saved.

Dry air

Glass

Diagram of light adjustment system
Degree of light

Damp-absorbing
material

Treating energy with respect
The building uses the Eco Ice system.
Demand for air conditioning has moved 100%
to night time only. Using the relatively cheapernight time electric power, heat is stored in atank using a heat pump. This is then usedduring the day to provide air conditioning. This
has allowed drastic cuts in running costs.

Treating resources with respect
The filler for the panels in the OA room werecreated using old glass bottles and glass
waste rendered into powder andreconstructed.

Air
inlet

Air conditioner

OfficeOutput of lighting
apparatus

Morning Afternoon Night time Time

OfficeOfficeNecessarydegree ofillumination

Natural light

On construction of the undergroundfoundations (slabs, walls), a high-strength
plastic frame was used so as to raise the rateof possible reuse

OfficeTreating water with respect
Well water is used for the air conditioning
system and general use

Heat storage tank for coolingWind flow

Main energy-saving effects
Primary energy consumption
For air conditioning
For lighting and OA

Average officebuilding

515

586

2

2

(kg-CO2/m per year)(Mj/m . per year)

770

Kobe Kansai
Electric Building

Volume of CO2 emissions

For pump and elevator

389

Average officebuilding

264

20％

264

55

Kobe Kansai
Electric Building

25％

40

reduction
0

200

400

600

800

1000

1200

1400

1600

Stored ice for heat
Lighting system using light sensors+ low-temperature air produced
Solar power
Natural ventilation system
Well water used as source of heated water
Use of double-glazing
Construction mainly facing west

reduction
0

5

10

15

20

25

30

35

40

45

50

55

Achieved an approximately
25% reduction in emissions of CO2

31

E
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Reduction of greenhouse gas emissions in electric power supply

Activities Aimed at Gaining Trust
Recently, because of the JCO uranium processing plantcriticality accident and the exposure of the falsification ofdata regarding MOX fuel at BNFL (British Nuclear Fuels
Ltd.), public trust in the nuclear power industry has
declined. There have been delays in the national
Pluthermal plan and the situation continues to be tough. In
response to this situation, the nuclear power industry as awhole has launched the “Nuclear Safety Network” or “NSNet” in order to restore public trust. Members of thisnetwork (electric power companies, fuel processing plants,
manufacturers, etc.) are now engaged in the mutual
sharing of information and in the support of education
toward and research on safety.
Furthermore, in October 2000, universities andbusinesses with nuclear power related facilities in the
Kansai area came together to establish “Kansai Atomic
Power Information Net-Surfing”. This organization works
to mutually enhance safety in the nuclear power business.
At the same time, one of its main theaters of activity isthat of working to obtain a correct understanding of
nuclear power itself among the public. To date, it has
opened booths at a number of events such as the Joint
Disaster Drill held by Osaka prefecture and Kumatori-cho(October 2000), the “So this nuclear power!” exhibition
held at Kinki University (November 2000), the “Open Day
at the Energy Resource Department’ in Kobe (March
2001) and the “General Open Day” at the Kumatori
Branch of the Nuclear Fuel Industries, Ltd. (April 2001).
In this way, it has been working to open up information to
the general public. It will continue to engage in suchactivities aimed at restoring public trust in andunderstanding of nuclear power, including the nuclear fuelcycle, by effectively using its members’ facilities andpersonnel.

Reduction
Reduction of greenhouse gas
emissions in electric power supply

Promoting Nuclear Power Generation
Improving capacity factor of nuclear power stations
Kansai Electric plans to increase electrical power
generation using nuclear energy, a power source that does
not emit CO 2, while making every possible effort toimprove the reliability and capacity factor of our nuclear
power stations.
We have been making every effort to even further
strengthen our traditionally high level of quality control
and cut down on accidents and trouble occurring at our
nuclear power stations. At the same time, we are working
to maintain reliability at all our facilities and ensure
quality through the regular inspections that have been
carried out over recent years. In addition, we have brought
about greater efficiency by revamping our operation
systems in the various areas. This means that since 1997,
the capacity factor at our nuclear power stations has kept asteady 80% level.
We will continue to maintain and improve inspection
efficiency through our system of regular inspections,always putting safety first. We intend to increase
efficiency through the planned integration of various typesof special work to be carried out during such inspections.
Thus, we aim to ensure an even higher rate of operation as
well as a steady rate of 80% of our nuclear power
generation (see Figure 22).
■ Nuclear power generation capacity factor (Figure 22)
(%)

90
84.2
77.1

80

71.4

71.3

73.3

71.2

67.8

Target:80 and over

73.8
71.1

68.8

67.7

63.1
60

81.8
82.0

74.1

72.6
69.0

70

84.3

61.3
57.3

50

53.2

0
80

81

82

83

84

85

86

87

88

89

90

91

92

93

94

95

96

97

98

99

2000

01 (Fiscal year)32

Reduction

Reduction of greenhouse gas emissions in electric power supply

Improving and Maintaining Thermal
Efficiency of Fossil Fuel Power Stations
Measures to improve thermal efficiency using
combined cycle generation
By improving thermal efficiency at fossil fuel power
stations, we are able to conserve fossil fuel which enables
us to control CO2 emissions. We have introduced highly
efficient combined recycle generation (thermal efficiency
54%) at our Himeji No. 1 Power Station. As a result, wehave raised the total thermal efficiency for fossil fuelpower stations by maintaining a high utilization factor (seeFigure 23).
In combined cycle power generation, hot exhaust froma gas turbine is routed to a heat recovery steam generator,
where it is used to generate steam to run a steam turbine.
Effective combination of these two generation cycles canimprove the thermal efficiency of the entire generation
facility.
We are also working to maintain and improve thermal
efficiency by adopting improvement measures for both
equipment and operation at steam turbine plants, anexisting generation method.

Combined cycle generating system withstate-of-the-art gas turbines
We are planning to adopt a combined cycle power
generation at Wakayama Power Station, which is in theconstruction planning stages, incorporating state-of-the-art
1500°C-class (combustor exit temperature) gas turbines.
We expect that this will raise the gross thermal
efficiency to the world’s highest level, about 59%, andwill reduce CO2 emissions from electricity generation by
about 25% compared to conventional LNG power
generation (see Figure 24).
Thermal efficiency is shown at a lower heating value.
■ Gross thermal efficiency of combined cycle
generating system (Figure 24)
Combined cycle plant(Example of Wakayama Power Station)
Gas turbine 40%
Generator output

59%

Fuel
(LNG)
100%

Steam turbine 19%

Steam cooling loss/other losses 41%

Steam turbine plant■ Kansai Electric’s fossil fuel power grosstransmission thermal efficiency (Figure 23)

Generator output

44%

(%)

42
42.0

Steam cooling loss/other losses 56%

Adoption of combined cycle
41

40

0

89

90

91

92

93

94

95

96

97

98

99

2000
(Fiscal year)

In recent years, we have introduced highly efficient combined cycle power generation withthermal efficiency of 54%. By operating existing equipment, gross thermal efficiency isapproximately 41% at all fossil fuel power stations.

33

Fuel
(LNG)
100%

E
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Reduction of greenhouse gas emissions in electric power supply

Using LNG

Renovating Hydropower Stations

Since carrying out trials with LNG in fiscal 1973, westarted importing this fuel, first from Indonesia in fiscal
1977, then from Western Australia in fiscal 1989, from
Malaysia in fiscal 1995, and from Qatar in fiscal 1999. In
fiscal 2000, we used a total of 5.46 million tons of LNG(see Figure 25). This accounts for approximately 79% offuel used for thermal reactors (heavy oil conversion ratio),making it the major source of fuel for our company. LNG
has minimal impact on the environment: it contains almost
no sulfur or nitrogen, andit emits far less CO2 thanfossil fuels like oil andcoal. We plan to continue
making LNG our main
fuel for our fossil fuelpower stations.

It has become increasingly difficult to conduct large-scalehydropower development, since undeveloped areas aremainly small in scale. However, because hydropower is aclean energy resource that is purely domestic, we aredeveloping this power source as much as possible.
When we replace obsolete facilities in already-existing
power stations, we use more efficient water turbines. In
rivers with an ample amount of water, we strive to produce
as much electricity as possible by using the maximum
amount of water for power generation. From fiscal 1989
through fiscal 2000, output had increased to 29,752 kW athydropower stations as a result of plant renovation.
We plan to further increase output by 5,420 kW, or
five more units, from fiscal 2001 through fiscal 2003 (seeFigure 26).
■ Increase in hydropower output from facility
renovation (Figure 26)

LNG Ship(Ship carrying LNG produced from Qatar)■ Amount of LNG consumed (Figure 25)(kW)40,00035,172(millions of t)

600

35,00033,87230,000549

546

Hydropower output

550
519
509
499

497

500

29,752
27,05225,00020,00017,342
17,842

15,000

460
450

449

448

445

10,876450

30,452

13,672

10,000
7,716
5,000

400

2,713
50

3,223

89 90

91

0

8,416

4,173
92

93

94

95

96

97

98

99 2000 01

02

03(Fiscal year)

0
90

91

92

93

94

95

96

97

98

99

2000
(Fiscal year)

Units of CO2 Emissions by Type of Electricity Source
The graph on the right gives and compares units of CO2
emissions by type of electricity source for Japan.
(Explanation)
It has been calculated taking into account all the energy
consumed, not just the fuel burnt in producing theelectricity. This includes energy consumed in obtaining
the basic fuel for construction of facilities, transportationof fuel, refining, use and protection. In calculating forelectricity produced by nuclear energy, we have included
spent fuel that is currently planned for reprocessing
domestically and use in Pluthermal (on the premise of
one recycling only) along with high-level radioactive
waste intended for disposal.

■ Units and Comparison of CO2 Emissions in Japan by Type of Electricity Source(g-CO2/kWh at sender end)

1200
1000
800

37.8

607.6
129.7

886.8

518.8
111.3

704.3
477.9

200
0

Fuel consumed in
producing electricity

742.1

600
400

Facility • Use

975.2
88.4

Coal
furnaceOilfurnace

407.5

LNG
LNG
furnace combined cycle

53.4

29.5

22.1

15.0

11.3

Solar
power

Wind
power

Nuclearpower

Geothermal
power

Hydraulic
power(Taken from the Report of the Central Research Institute of Electric Power Industry)34

Reduction

Reduction of greenhouse gas emissions in electric power supply

Reducing Transmission andDistribution Losses

Technological development with theGoal of reducing CO2 emissions

We have managed to reduce and maintain a low loss ratio
for many years now at transmission and distribution
facilities by developing and introducing technology suchas higher transmission voltage and greater volumes ofpower transmitted and distributed (see Figure 27). We willcontinue to work to ensure that distribution facilities are
structured so as to ensure low transmission anddistribution losses and that we operate facilities with thesame goals.
■ Ratio of transmission and distribution losses(Figure 27)
(%)

40
30.8
30
20
11.6
10
0

51

60

6.2

5.1

5.3

70

80

90

5.1

2000
(Fiscal 2000)

Developing Flue Gas Decarbonization Technology
With the goal of eliminating CO2 from flue gas at fossil
fuel power stations, we have been researching chemical
absorption methods since 1991, by operating a flue gas
CO2 recovery pilot plant at Nanko Power Station. We havesucceeded in reducing the amount of energy required torecover CO2 by using newly developed absorbent liquids,
and we are evaluating the optimum system configuration
based on these results (see Figure 28).
With regard to the technology used for the recovery ofCO2, there are still a number of technical problems at thepresent time, which we are working hard to overcome.
These include the problems of further decreases in energy
for recovery of CO2 and the evaluation of environmental
impact on the disposal of recovered CO2.
We have applied for a patent for the results of ourresearch so far in Japan, the United States, Europe andAsia, and many countries have recognized the patent.
Using these results, highly efficient CO 2 recovery
equipment has been adopted at Malaysian companies.
Also, we are conducting comprehensive CO2 recycling
studies, such as synthesizing methanol and dimethyl ether
from CO2 and using water electrolysis with solar batteries
to produce the hydrogen necessary for synthesis.

Flue gas CO2 recovery pilot plant at Nanko Power Station■ Mechanism of flue gas CO2 recovery equipment(chemical absorption method) (Figure 28)
Exhaust gas Recovered CO2
AbsorberBoilerDesulfurization equipment

Electrostatic precipitator

35

Denitrification equipment

Fuel

Stripper

CO2

BlowerCO2

Leansolvent

HeatingstreamFlue gas CO2 recovery equipment

E
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Reduction of greenhouse gas emissions in electric power supply

Developing Advanced Energy Supply
Technology for the Future
R&D on next-generation fuel cells
Fuel cells, a system which generates electricity directly
through a hydrogen and oxygen chemical reaction, areexpected to develop into a new power generation system.
This is an efficient method of low energy conversion loss,
enabling fuel diversification using fuels such as naturalgas, methanol, and coal.
Kansai Electric is conducting an technicaldevelopment of the Polymer Electrolyte Fuel Cell, theMolten Carbonate Fuel Cell and the Solid Oxide Fuel Cell,
next-generation fuel cells with high power-generation
capacity and superior utilization of exhausted waste heat.

R&D into New Types of Fuel
Many new kinds of fuel, kind to the environment, are in
the process of being developed such as hydrogen, DME(dimethyl ether) and GTL (liquid fuel using natural gas asits base). In particular, hydrogen is regarded as the favorite
to replace oil as a source of energy.
We are carrying out extensive research andinvestigation centered on the possibilities of hydrogen fromthe viewpoints of its production, supply, use and theinfrastructure it would require. For example, as onehydrogen system for the future, we are conducting research
into a supply system that would transport hydrogen that
had been produced by methane as chemical hydride inliquid form at normal temperature and pressure. The
hydrogen would then be extracted at the site of delivery
and transferred to fuel cells and so on (see Figure 29).
■ Transporting hydrogen as chemical hydride (Figure 29)
Production side (Factory)
Natural Gas

Zeolite reforming
Synthetic
Reformation
6CH4→9H2＋C6H6

6H2
9H2

3H2

C6H6
(Benzene)

Hydrogenation
C6H6＋3H2→C6H12

C6H12(Cyclohexane)

Demand side (site of consumption)
Fuel cell

C6H6(Benzene)
3H2

Dehydrogenation
C6H12→C6H6＋3H2

C6H12(Cyclohexane)

Experimental Apparatus for Solid Oxide Fuel Cell (SOFC)

Research on electric power applied
superconductivity technology
Superconductivity technology could potentially bringabout a revolution in all areas of future society.
Superconducting generators improve efficiency overtraditional generators and also improve power systemstability. Accordingly, incorporating superconducting
generators leads to resource conservation by reducing theuse of fossil fuels and contributes to energy conservation
through improved stability of electric power systems,
thereby enhancing transmission capacity.
We are also engaged in basic research to determine thepossibility of applying superconductivity technology inpower generation apparatus, in preparation for a
superconduction power generation system in the 21st
century, and participating in the government’s
superconductivity development project for the purpose offinding solutions to utilize superconducting generators.

Toward joint R&D on nuclear fusion
Nuclear fusion is the use of energy generated when plural
nucleuses fuse into one, as opposed to nuclear fission. It is
expected to become a permanent source of energy due toits superior features - it provides a stable supply of fuelresources (its fuel - heavy hydrogen - is contained richly inthe sea), a fundamentally high safety level (reaction
terminates immediately by stopping the fuel supply), andadvantages to environmental preservation (reaction does
not emit CO2 or SOx). In Japan, R&D on nuclear fusion isunderway at many institutions.
Designating nuclear fusion as one of the energy
supplying methods for the next generation, we arecooperating with research at Japan Atomic Energy
Research Institute, National Institute for Fusion Science,
Institute of Advanced Energy Kyoto University, andInstitute of Laser Engineering Osaka University Nuclear
Fusion Center.
36

Reduction

Reduction of greenhouse gas emissions in electric power supply

Reducing Emissions of Greenhouse
Gases other than CO2
At COP3 in Kyoto in December 1997, reduction goals
were determined for greenhouse gases including carbon
dioxide (CO 2), methane (CH 4), nitrous oxide (N 2O),hydrofluorocarbon (HFC), perfluorocarbon (PFC), andsixth fluoridation sulfur (SF6).
CO2 has more emissions than other greenhouse gases,
more than 90% of Japan’s total, and over 99% of Kansai
Electric’s total (see Figures 30 and 31).
Apart from CO 2 , although we do produce small
amounts of SF6, which we use in insulation in electricalequipment, we use almost no other greenhouse gases.
■ Emission rate of greenhouse gases in Japan(Fiscal 1998) (Figure 30)
N2O 1.3%
HFC 1.5%
CH4 2.1%
CO2(non-energetic cause)
5.8%

PFC 0.8%
SF6 0.6%

Reducing emissions of SF6SF6 is widely used in electric apparatus, namely gas circuit
breakers and gas-insulated switchgears, because it is ahighly efficient insulation gas which helps to make theelectric apparatus lightweight and compact, and does notcause harm to human health. The SF6 gas insulator has
been indispensable to electric enterprises because, (1) the
substation sites can be greatly reduced, (2) it isharmonious with the environment as it does not require alarge site and (3) it enables construction of undergroundsubstations in urban areas.
SF6 gas, such as that used for electric insulators, isnormally used hermetically and there is almost no leakage
while the apparatus is in operation. However, SF6 gas is
known to have been emitted during complete inspectionsof the insulating parts, which are required every 18 years.
We will continue to use SF 6 in the future sincecurrently there is no other alternative in terms of
performance, handling, safety and economy. However, weare endeavoring to control emissions during use. We wereable to recover 83% of the SF6 during inspection in fiscal
1999, and attained 92% in fiscal 2000. Through evengreater cooperation with manufacturers, we intend to raise
this to 97% by fiscal 2005 (see Figure 32).

CO2
(energetic cause)
87.9%

Note: Emission rate was calculated as carbon dioxide equivalent (IPCC
1995), using global warming coefficient.
Source: assembled from Environment Agency data

■ Emission rate of greenhouse gases at Kansai Electric(Fiscal 2000) (Figure 31)
SF6 0.5%
Flue gas CO2 recovery pilot plant at Nanko Power Station■ SF6 gas recovery rate during apparatus inspection(Figure 32)
(%)

97

100
90

60
50

15

10.9
60

60

20

13.5

70

0

37

83
13.7

80

(t)

92

60

10

60
6.1

5.0

5

0
95

96

97

98

99

2000

01

02

03

05
04
(Fiscal year)

Emissions (bar graph)

Note: Emission rate was calculated as carbon dioxide equivalent (IPCC
1995), using global warming coefficient.

Gas recovery rate (line graph)

CO2 99.5%

18.0

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Activities carried out abroad to prevent global warming

Activities Abroad
Activities carried out abroad toprevent global warming
The United Nations Framework Convention on Climate
Change (FCCC) is emphasizing international cooperationin the fields of technology, funding, and research into
climate change. At the third session, COP3, in 1997 in
Kyoto, members agreed to introduce the Kyoto
Mechanisms — Emissions Trading, Joint Implementation,and the Clean Development Mechanism — to complement
the goals each of them set for reduction of greenhousegasses in their own countries (see page 24).
We believe that the Kyoto Mechanisms is the method to
reduce CO2 emission in a cost effective way. By utilizing
Kyoto Mechanisms, we can contribute to solving the social
problem of global warming while at the same time carryingout our business in an environmentally-friendly manner.
It is to this end that we are developing ourinternational business with the aim of applying the Kyoto
Mechanisms. We are using our advanced technology built
up over many years and our know-how gained throughdedicated survey and research in order to invest in andstart business on a global scale.

Activities Abroad(Activities carried out abroad to prevent global warming)

Research and Development to Expand Natural Resources
Tropical Rainforest Restoration Technology Development ProjectIndonesia

CO2 Absorption and Fixation Research Through the Use of Coastal Ecosystems

Australia, Thailand

Tropical Rainforest Restoration Technology Development Project

Thailand

Open-cut Coal Mine Rehabilitation Project

Australia

Activities and Business Feasibility Studies for the Future Utilization of the Kyoto Mechanisms
Power Plant Thermal Efficiency Improvement/Recovery Through Enhanced Operational Management

ThailandInstallation of Renewable Energy Supply Systems in Indonesia

Indonesia

Basic Study on Reconstruction and Modernization of Konakovo Thermal Power Station

RussiaBasic Study on Reconstruction and Modernization of Symferopoloskaya Thermal Power Station

UkraineRenovation and Rehabilitation of District Heat Supply System

Georgia

Ambuklao Hydropower Plant Rehabilitation Plan

Philippines

Developing International Business that Contributes to the Decrease of Global Warming
San Roque Multipurpose Project (115MW x 3 units)

Philippines

Institutional Transfer and Technical Consulting Services for Hydropower Development Projects

MyanmarDexia-FondElec Energy Efficiency and Emissions Reduction Fund, L.P.

Eastern Europe

38

Activities Abroad

Activities carried out abroad to prevent global warming

Research and Development to
Expand Natural Resources
Increasing the scale of nature’s CO2 absorbing capacity, suchas the tropical rainforests, is an important and cost-effective
way to achieve reduction of greenhouse gases. That’s why,from early 1990s, we have been carrying out research anddevelopment on technology that can fully apply the principlesof the Kyoto Mechanisms such as the Joint Implementation,and the Clean Development Mechanism projects.

Four-month-old saplings (left) have been treated with fungi andgrow at twice the rate of untreated ones (right).

39

Pilot plantation Afforestation field test (Sumatra, Indonesia): 30cm lauan
seedlings obtained a height of 8m over a 5-year period■ Outline of joint project with Indonesia’s Gadjah
Mada University
Contents
Project name

Tropical Rainforest Restoration Technology Development
Project

Participating
Japanese companies

Kansai ElectricKansai Environmental Engineering Center

Cooperative body

Gadjah Mada University

Project contents

Develop technology for reforestation of lauan, a native tree,
in order to restore the tropical rainforests, which act toabsorb CO2.

Site

Java and Sumatra, Indonesia

Duration of the project

July, 1992-March, 2002

■ Symbiotic relationship between lauan andmycorrhizal mushrooms (Figure 33)
Effect of mycorrhizal mushrooms
Contribute to growth of the lauan seedlingsand planted trees
Resistant to dryness
Not susceptible to disease
Not likely to wilt and die

Symbiotic relationship between
lauan and micrrhizal mushrooms
Phosphorous

PotashMushroom spawn
Water,
nutrients
Root cells

Developing technology to restore therainforests through large-scale afforestation
Every year, 12.6 million hectares of tropical rainforest — anarea roughly one-third the size of Japan — disappear.
Although we tend to think that tropical rainforests canreplenish themselves quickly, this is unfortunately not the case.
Because the temperature in the tropics is high, organic matterdissolves quickly and is dispersed into the air as substances suchas CO2 and CH4 (methane). This means there is only a thin layerof soil with few nutrients. For example, the lauan only bears fruit
once every three to five years since doing so every year would
drain its nutrients and cause it to die. Accordingly, restoration of
the rainforests requires the help and guidance of people.
Against this background, Kansai Electric and Gadjah
Mada University in Indonesia have been carrying out
international joint research since fiscal 1992 under the TropicalRainforest Restoration Technology Development Project.
Under this project, researchers make use of the symbiotic
relationship between lauan and mycorrhizal mushrooms in order
to raise the number and growth rate of the seedlings. So far, they
have selected certain mycorrhizal mushrooms beneficial to thegrowth of lauan saplings and developed a method of inoculatinglarge numbers of lauan saplings with these mycorrhizal
mushroom fungi. As well, they have found that the fungi havebeen effective in doubling tree size growth and in increasing thenumber of trees by five times (see Figure 33).
In fiscal 1998, the experimental forest area was increased
further by 60 hectares, and in this forest researchers have been
testing technology for improved afforestation,
developing afforestation support technology such as“Agroforestry” (a method of afforestation in which
the forest is managed while planting and harvesting
agricultural crops so as to eliminate the necessity ofslash and burn farming), and attempting to improvesoil by confining CO2 using charcoal.
Furthermore, in Indonesia, we have held seminars
on the subject of the restoration of tropical forests, andthrough the dissemination of its results, etc., we have beenenhancing the research being conducted in Indonesia.

Sugar
Water,
nutrients

Nitrogen Water

Soil

Various
germs

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Activities carried out abroad to prevent global warming

Mangrove forest in Thailand■ Outline of project with the Australian Institute ofMarine Science
Contents

Participating Japanese Kansai Electriccompanies
Kansai Environmental Engineering Center
Cooperative bodyAustralian Institute of Marine Science

Project contents

Confirm the coastal areas are highly effective in absorbing
and fixing CO2 and propose measures to protect coastal
ecosystems

Site

Hinchinbrook, Australia; Chumpon, Thailand

Duration of the project

March, 1996-March, 2000

・Research results
The carbon fixation capacity of mangrove forests is equal to or
greater than that of tropical rainforests(t-CO2/ha/year)

50■ Ecology of Mangrove Forests (Figure 34)
Fertilizer,
agricultural chemicals,sand, soil

Fish

Organic matter,
nutrients

Mangrove*

CO2 Absorption and Fixation Research Through the Use of
Coastal Ecosystems

Project name

Annual CO2 fixation amount

Developing technology for planting mangroves indevastated lands for the sake of local improvement
Mangrove is a general term for the tropical region vegetationthat exists in the coastal regions where sea water and fresh
water meet and mix. Mangrove forests provide an ideal habitat
for marine life, and also play an important role in providing
local residents with food and wood resources (see Figure 34).
However, mangrove forests have been rapidly
disappearing in Southeast Asia due to expanded shrimp
cultivation and tin mining.
For four years from 1996 to 1999, the Kansai ElectricGroup and the Australian Institute of Marine Science
carried out joint research into CO2 absorption and fixationof mangrove forests in Australia and Thailand. This
research revealed that mangrove forests are better atabsorbing and fixing CO2 than tropical rainforests. As
well, it was discovered that the areas where sea and fresh
water meet contain very little oxygen and thus things likefalling leaves are not decomposed but rather accumulate asorganic carbon. This means that these coastal areas holdpromise as storage areas for carbon.
The Kansai Electric Group is now building on theseresults in the Mangrove Ecosystem Restoration Reforestation
Technology Development Project, a joint effort with theRoyal Forest Department in Thailand started in 2000.
The aim of this research is to restore the mangrove
forests, which have been devastated by industries likeshrimp cultivation, and develop reforestation technologythat can sustain the mangrove forests and thus contributeto the local improvement in a sustainable way. We areplanting approximately 250,000 mangrove trees covering
an area of roughly 80ha. In addition, we are looking into
the possibility of creating a “Silvo-fishery system”
combining forestry and fishery related activities.

44.0

Underground section, soil

16.9

40

Above-ground section
30

25.3
10.6

20

20.2
14.7

10
0

27.1

Mangroves(Australia)

Mangroves(Thailand)(

Tropical rainforest
From Intergovernmental Panel on
Climate Change (IPCC) guidelines
Above-ground section only)

■ Outline of project with Thailand Royal Forest
Department
Contents
Project name

Algae
Coral reef
* “Mangrove” is the general term for thickets of salt-resistant plants distributed
throughout tropical and subtropical regions in the brackish waters of coastal
and estuarial intertidal regions. In these swamps, leaves and twigs fallcontinuously from plants, then decay and are consumed by plankton, which
are in turn eaten by fish. Thus, a mangrove swamp plays an important role,
forming the center of an entire food chain.

Tropical Rainforest Restoration Technology Development
Project

Participating Japanese Kansai Electriccompanies
Kansai Environmental Engineering Center
Cooperative body

Royal Forest Department in Thailand

Project contents

Development of technology to plant trees in a devastatedmangrove forest, which is a promising CO2 pool

Site

Samuth Songkram, and other locations in Thailand

Duration of the project

October, 2000-March, 2004

40

Activities Abroad

Activities carried out abroad to prevent global warming

Development of Tree-Planting Technology for Rapid andReliable Rehabilitation of Open-cut Coal MineIn October 2000, a joint body was formed from Kansai
Electric, Japan Coal Energy Center, Idemitsu Kosan Co.,
Ltd. and Electric Power Development Co., Ltd. It was
entrusted with conducting joint experimental testing of
newly developed technologies aimed at the rapid andreliable creation of forests with high CO 2 absorption
capabilities in open-cut coal mine in Australia by the New
Energies and Industrial Technologies Comprehensive
Development Organization (NEDO). This work is being
carried out in collaboration with the Australian authorities.
Currently, only grass can be grow in such areas. It isbelieved that the planting of trees and creation of forestsin such areas would contribute greatly to the mitigation of
global warming.
Under the current experiment, approximately 13,000
eucalyptus seedlings have been planted over an area ofroughly 28ha on the site of an open-cut coal mine. Theircondition of growth and ability to absorb CO 2 is now
being evaluated.
The study area
■ Outline of Open-cut Coal Mine Rehabilitation
gets little rain and
Project in Australia
is classified assavannah. The Kansai
Contents
Electric Group hopes
Project nameOpen-cut Coal Mine Rehabilitation Projectto make the most ofParticipating Japanese Kansai Electric,
companies
Japan Coal Energy Center,the technologies it has
Idemitsu Kosan Corp.,
Electric Power Development
developed to enhanceCommonwealth Scientific and Industrial Research
the plant growth using
Cooperative body
Organization (CSIRO)
mycorrhizal mashrooms
Project contents
To look into methods for the rapid planting of forests high inand charcoal.
CO absorbing capabilities in open-cut coal mine, and to2

develop simulations in order to achieve the effective use ofsuch new technologies.
Site

Australia’s Ensham and Ebenezer Mines

Duration of the project

October, 2000-2005 (scheduled)

Site of Rehabilitation Project

41

Activities and Business Feasibility
Studies for the Future Utilization of the
Kyoto Mechanisms
The Framework Convention on Climate Change
introduces the concept of joint action (Joint
Implementation) being taken by countries in tackling the
problem of reducing the production of greenhouse gases.
Wanting to be involved in promoting AIJ (Activities
Implemented Jointly), Japan created a basic framework
called the AIJ Japan Program. Our company has alreadyundertaken two such projects, the “Power Plant Thermal
Efficiency Improvement/Recovery Through Enhanced
Operational Management in Thailand” and the“Installation of Renewable Energy Supply Systems inIndonesia”.
Regarding the project in Thailand, various Japaneseelectric power companies are offering their experience andknow-how with regard to the running of power stations
and safety management. The aim is to raise the thermal
efficiency of the South Bank Power Station (fossil fuelfired plant) in cooperation with the Electricity Generating
Authority of Thailand (EGAT) through making the mostout of a mutual exchange of knowledge and experience.
Research into the current state of operations and intomeasures to be taken was carried out in April 1996. These
measures were then put into effect between October 1997
and March 2000. The resulting improvement in thermal
efficiency exceeded that planned for. Over a 30-month
period, we were able to obtain a savings effect ofapproximately 170 million yen for roughly 13,000t of
heavy oil as fuel. This meant that we were able to reduce
CO2 emissions by approximately 40,000t.
We would like to consider to conduct same sort ofactivities as Clean Development Mechanism and Joint
Implementation (the Kyoto Mechanisms) projects by using
this valuable experience.
In February 2001, we received a certificate of thanksfrom the President of EGAT for our work in Thailand.

Ceremony for Receiving Certificate of Thanks

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Activities carried out abroad to prevent global warming■ Outline of the project with the Electricity Generating
Authority of Thailand (EGAT)
Contents
Project namePower Plant Thermal Efficiency Improvement/Recovery
Through Enhanced Operational Management

Participating Japanesecompanies

Kansai Electric, Electric Power Development
Chubu Electric

Cooperative body

Electricity Generating Authority of Thailand (EGAT)

Project contents

The four companies named above (“the parties”) have beenpromoting improvement of their power plants’ thermal efficiency,
and have developed various energy-saving techniques. Basedon this technical experience and expertise, the parties jointly
and cooperatively implement the project to improve/recover the
power plant thermal efficiency.

Site

South Bangkok Power Station

Duration of the project

April, 1996-March, 2000 (including monitoring)

Expected effect(project total)

CO2 emission reduction: 40,000 t-CO2/thirty months

In order to develop new projects for the future
utilization of the Kyoto Mechanisms, Kansai Electric
implemented the Basic Survey for Joint Implementation
Project, under a publicly recruited Feasibility Studyorganized by NEDO, to replace the generation system at
Konakovo Thermal Power Station in Russia in fiscal 1998,
and at Symferopoloskaya Thermal Power Station in the
Ukraine in fiscal 1999.
In fiscal 2000, we participated in the Feasibility Studyon Renovation and Rehabilitation of District Heat Supply
System in Tbilisi, Georgia. Furthermore, we also took partin the Ambuklao
Hydropower Plant ■ Outline of the business feasibility study with Russia(Fiscal 1998)
Rehabilitation
Contents
Project in the
Basic Study on Reconstruction and Modernization of
Project namePhilippines under a
Konakovo Thermal Power Station
Electric,
publicly recruited Participating Japanese Kansai
Mitsubishi Corp.
companies
Feasibility Study Cooperative body
United Power System of Russia
The project would improve the total plant thermal efficiency of
called the Study for Project contents
Konakovo Thermal Power Station by introducing a modern
gas turbine combined cycle power plant which would
Environment andsubstantially reduce the plant’s CO gas emissions.
Plant Rehabilitation Site
Konakovo Thermal Power Station (suburb of Moscow)
Projects, organized Expected effectCO emission reduction: 2.3 million t-CO /year
by JETRO (theJapan
External
Trade Organization).
222South Bangkok Power Station■ Outline of the project in Indonesia
Contents
Project nameInstallation of Renewable Energy Supply Systems in Indonesia

Participating Japanese Kansai Electric, Tokyo Electric*companies
Cooperative body

The Directorate General of Electricity and Energy Developmentof the Ministry of Mines and Energy of the Republic of Indonesia(DGEED)

Project contents

To cooperate in ways contributing to sustainable energy supply
through installing renewable energy supply systems including theimplementation of solar home systems, microhydropower and hybrid
system (photovoltaic and wind power) in rural areas in Indonesia.

Site

Rural areas in Indonesia

Duration of the project■ Outline of the business feasibility study with Ukraine(Fiscal 1998)
Contents
Project nameJune, 1996-December, 2000
have been providing support for management ofmaintenance( we)activities since the beginning of 2001

Expected effectKonakovo Thermal Power Station (Moscow)

CO2 emission reduction: 1,200 t-CO2/year* This project will be implemented in the name of “E7”.
“E7” is a group consisting of some of the world’s major producers anddistributors of electricity (see page 71), which was organized in 1992 to holdglobal consultaions on environment issues.

Explaining the Solar Home System at the local level

Basic Study on Reconstruction and Modernization of
Symferopoloskaya Thermal Power Station

Participating Japanese Kansai Electric,
companies
Sumitomo Corp.
Krymenergo
Cooperative body
Project contents

The project would improve the total plant thermal efficiency of
Symferopoloskaya Thermal Power Station by introducing amodern gas turbine combined cycle power plant which would
substantially reduce the plant’s CO2 gas emissions.

Site
Expected effectSymferopoloskaya Thermal Power Station (Crimea)
CO2 emission reduction: 0.7 million t-CO2/year

Symferopoloskaya Thermal Power Station (Crimea)

42

Activities Abroad

Activities carried out abroad to prevent global warming■ Outline of the business feasibility study with Georgia(Fiscal 2000)
Contents
Project nameRenovation and Rehabilitation of District Heat Supply System

Participating Japanese Kansai Electric, Shimizu Corp.
companies
Cooperative body

Ministry of Fuel and Energy, Tbilisi

Project contents

To improve regional heating plant through restoration of existing hot
water boilers and construction of new gas turbines for power plants.

Site

District Heating Plants in Tbilisi

Expected effectFurthermore, in the fiscal year 2001, we are now also
conducting a “Study on the Rehabilitation of the Binga
Hydropower Plant in the Philippines” and a “Study on
Thermal Efficiency Improvement Works at the Garbadani
Power Plant in Georgia,” as part of public recruited
Feasibility Study organized by JETRO and NEDO,
respectively.

CO2 emission reduction: 50,000 t-CO2/year
value case where optimum plan for achieving( Highest)
highest reduction in CO has been used2

Developing International Businessthat Contributes to the Decrease of
Global Warming

District Heating Plant in Tbilisi, Georgia■ Outline of business feasibility study with the Philippines(Fiscal 2000)
Contents
Project nameAmbuklao Hydropower Plant Rehabilitation Plan

Participating Japanese Kansai Electric, NEWJEC
companies
Cooperative bodyPhilippine National Power Company (NPC)

Project contents

In addition to using Japan’s experience and technology inrepairing stalled hydropower facilities, plan and carry out
measures to quickly get the facilities back up and running.
Diagnose the facilities and repair and replace intake
mechanisms and deteriorated machinery

Site

Ambuklao Hydroelectric Power Plant(Benguet Province, Luzon Island)

Expected effectCO2 emission reduction: 0.3 million t-CO2/year

Ambuklao Hydro Electric Plant (Benguet Province, Luzon Island)

43

In April of 1998, Kansai Electric decided to participate ina hydropower generation project in the Philippines. This
was the first time that a Japanese power company
committed its resources to full-scale investments andparticipation in an electric power generation projectabroad, known as the San Roque Multipurpose Project.
This will be one of the biggest hydropower generation
projects in the Philippines, and we are jointly investingand participating in the project with Marubeni Corp. andSithe Energies, Inc.
Furthermore, in August of 2001, we entered into a
consultation contract with Myanma Electric PowerEnterprise (MEPE), to facilitate our electric power
development projects.
According to this agreement, our company will be
engaged, in technical guidance to Myanma Electric PowerEnterprise employees, along with NEWJEC Inc. for thefollowing three-year period.
This project was initiated by the government of
Myanma, being troubled by chronic power shortages, andemploying the country’s rich hydropower resources, it willdevelop power generation plants (12 locations) capable ofgenerating 2 million kW of power in the period from 2001
to 2005.
We consider that participation in this type of
renewable hydropower development is significant in termsof its contribution to the mitigation of global warming.

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Activities carried out abroad to prevent global warming■ Outline of the project in the Philippines
Contents
Project name

San Roque Multipurpose Project (115MW x 3 units)

Implementing
corporation

San Roque Power Corporation*

Project contentsConstruct a hydropower plant, and hand over the ownership of theplant to the National Power Corporation after 25 years of operation.

Site

Agno River (northern part of Luzon Island, Philippines)

Expected effectCO2 emission reduction: 0.3 million t-CO2/year* Kansai Electric will begin by establishing wholly owned company KandenInternational Co., Ltd., then establish subsidiary KPIC Singapore Ltd. in
Singapore. KPIC Singapore will invest in San Roque Power Co., Ltd.

Furthermore, in January 2000, our company made thedecision to participate in the “Dexia-Fond Elec Energy
Efficiency and Emissions Reduction Fund, L.P.,” anenvironmental fund put together by the European Bank for
Reconstruction and Development (investment: 10 million
euros). The purpose of this fund is to invest in energy
businesses involved in such areas as electricity, heat
supply, and gas supply in the 26 Eastern European
countries which are candidates for loans from theEuropean Bank for Reconstruction and Development,
thereby reducing the emission of greenhouse gases at thesame time as increasing revenues through improved
efficiency, while aiming for the eventual acquisition ofemission reduction credits of greenhouse gases.
■ Outline of the investment fund in Eastern Europe
Contents
Name

Dexia-FondElec Energy Efficiency and Emissions
Reduction Fund, L.P.

Investor

European Bank for Reconstruction and Development(project planner), Kansai Electric, Dexint, Marubeni
Corporation, Electric Power Development Co., Ltd., Mitsui& Co., Ltd.

Investment Manager

FondElec (Connecticut, USA)

Description ofBusinesses

To invest energy businesses involved in electricity, heat
supply, and gas supply in Eastern European countries,
thereby reducing the emission of greenhouse gases while atthe same time increasing revenues through improvement ofefficiency, eventually aiming for the acquisition of emission
reduction credits of greenhouse gases.

Construction site for San Roque Project■ Outline of the Project in Myanmar
Contents
Project nameInstitutional Transfer and Technical Consulting Services for
Hydropower Development Projects

Size of fundEstablished at 71 million euros.
Additional fundraising to a maximum of 150 million euros

Companies involved

Kansai Electric
NEWJEC

Duration

2000-2009 (extended a maximum of two years)

Partner Organization

Myanmar Electric Power Enterprise (MEPE)

Project contents

The Kansai Electric Power Company will support Myanmar
to develop hydropower plants and transfer engineering
technique obtained through its over-century experience bymeans of OJT (On the Job Training) in Myanmar andtraining programs in Japan.

Site

Sittang Valley and others in Myanmar.
12 sites (2000MW)

Board of Directors

Limited Partners
Kansai Electric
et al.

Investment

Investment Manager(FondElec)
Investment Proposals

Investment
Committee

Investment

Fund

Individual Projects

Ceremony for the Signing of the Consultant Contract

Scheme for the Investment Fund for Energy-Conserving Businesses in Eastern
Europe44

Working to Reduce Load on the Environment

Protecting the Ozone Layer
Kansai Electric works to protect the earth from ultraviolet
rays.
CFCs and halon gas destroy the ozone layer in thestratosphere, causing an increased amount of ultraviolet
rays to reach the earth’s surface. Since ultraviolet rays areharmful to humans and animals, the destruction of theozone layer has a significantly negative impact on
ecological systems. For this reason, production limits onthese materials are being set under international control.
We are taking every possible measure to abolish theuse of specified CFCs, with the aim of aggressively
promoting the Japanese government’s measures to protect
the ozone layer.
CFCs have mainly been used as air conditioning
coolants. However, all new air conditioners installed after
1996 have been using CFC substitutes. Existing air
conditioners are being replaced as necessary with newmodels using CFC substitutes. During inspection of air
conditioners, recovery equipment is being used to keep
CFCs from escaping into the air (see Figure 35).
In the past, fire-extinguishing equipment at power
stations (fossil fuel and nuclear) were designed to use
halon gas. However, fire-extinguishing equipment at new
facilities now uses CO2 or powder extinguishing material
instead of halon gas. Existing extinguishers will be
replaced by those using halon substitutes as soon as
regulations allowing their use are approved, as they are
only used in fire emergencies.
■ Consumption of CFCs (Figure 35)
(t)
9.0
8.3

8.0

7.4

7.3

7.0
Amount consumed

6.0
5.8

5.0
4.0
3.0
2.0
1.0
0

0.9
92

93

94

95

0.0
96

97

0.4

0.2

0.3

98

99

2000
(Fiscal year)

45

Working to Reduce Load on the Environment

Working to Protect the Environment

In accordance with the Environmental Protection
Agreement, thorough care is taken at fossil fuel power
stations in not only implementing countermeasures against

air pollution, water pollution, noise and vibration, but also in
observing how these measures are working (see Figure 36).

Environmental protection measures

Air pollution
prevention measures

Water pollution
prevention measures

Sulfur oxide
reduction measures

In-plant waste
water treatment

Nitrogen oxide
reduction measures

Thermal discharge
impact reduction

Particulate
reduction measures

Oil spill prevention

Noise / vibration
control measures

Obnoxious fumeprevention measures■ Environmental protection system in a fossil fuel power station (Figure 36)
Removal of sulfur oxides
Removal of sootAfforestation

Flue gas
desulfurization
facility

Removal of
nitrogen oxides

Electrostatic
precipitator
Flue gas
denitrification
facility

Green
zone

Reduction of noise

Generator

BoilerHeavy oil/crude oil tank
Loading arm

Condenser
Integrated water
treatment facility←

Prevention ofoil spills

Steam turbine

Oil
fence

Main Switch geartransformer←

Intake of sea water from low depths

Discharge into water

Reducing the impact ofthermal discharge

Purification of
effluent water

Reducing the impact ofthermal discharge

46Working to Reduce Load on the Environment

Measures to prevent air pollution

Measures to prevent air pollution

SOx reduction

NOx reduction

Fuel with low
sulfur content

Improvement of
combustion method•Use of heavy/crude
oil with a low sulfur
content•Two-stage com
bustion method•Use of LNG and NGL

Particulate reduction

Electrostatic
precipitators•Exhaust gas
recirculation method•Low-NOx burners

Flue gas
desulfurization
facility

Fuel with low
nitrogen content
Flue gas
denitrification
facility

Reducing sulfur oxides (SOx)
To reduce SOx emissions, Kansai Electric has promoted
the following methods:•Use of heavy/crude oils with low sulfur content•Use of LNG (liquefied natural gas) and NGL (natural gas
liquids)
We have also adopted flue gas desulfurization facilities toremove SOx from flue gas, thus reducing SOx emissions
with both fuel- and facility-related measures.

47

Use of heavy / crude oil with a low sulfur content
SOx is generated when fuel is combusted and the sulfur
content comes into contact with oxygen. Therefore,
reducing the sulfur content in fuel leads to SOx reduction.
For this reason, Kansai Electric uses heavy oil or crude oil
low in sulfur content, which is an important anti-sulfur
oxide measure.
Use of LNG (liquefied natural gas) andNGL (natural gas liquids)
Kansai Electric uses clean LNG and NGL, which arecompletely sulfur-free. LNG consumption in fiscal 2000
totaled approximately 5.46 million tons, accounting for
79% of the total fossil fuel power generation.

Working to Reduce Load on the Environment

Installation of flue gas desulfurization facilities
Kansai Electric has conducted extensive research anddevelopment on flue gas desulfurization facilities toreduce SOx emissions.
As of the end of fiscal 2000, we have installed a totalof 10 flue gas desulfurization facilities at power stations
with a total generating capacity of 3,330 MW. Together
with the use of low sulfur content fuel, these facilities arecontributing greatly to the reduction of SOx emissions (seeFigure 37).

The rate of SOx emissions per unit of fossil fuel power
generation achieved by Japanese power companies is
considerably lower than that of major Western countries(USA, Germany, UK, France, Canada and Italy). The
Japanese average is 0.24g/kWh as opposed to their
combined average of 4.4g/kWh. Kansai Electric’s level iseven lower than the Japanese average (see Figure 39).
■ SOx emissions per kWh from fossil fuel power
generation (Figure 39)(g/kWh)■ Installation of flue gas desulfurization facilities(Figure 37)

10
8.3
8

Facility capacity (MW) (accumulated)

3,500
6

5.5

3,000

4.6
4

2,500

4.2

4.4
3.8
2.3

2,000

2

1,500
0

1,000
500
0

63 65

70

75

80

85

90

95

00

(Fiscal year)

0.24
France
1996

U.K.
1996

U.S.
1997

Italy
1995

Canada Germany Average forthe six
1996
1997
countries

Japan
1999

0.07
KansaiElectric
2000

Sources for foreign countries: OECD Environmental Data compendium/1999,
ENERGY BALANCES OF OECD COUNTRIES 1996-1997
Sources for Japan: survey by the Federation of Electric Power Companies

Development of flue gas desulfurization facilities
R&D of test plants
R&D for scaling-up
Installation of flue gas wet desulfurization facilities

By implementing the above measures, the annual SOx
emissions in fiscal 2000 have been reduced to approximately
1.4% compared to fiscal 1965 (see Figure 38).
■ SOx emissions and fossil fuel power generation(Figure 38)(t)

NOx is generated when nitrogen in fuel and in the air reactchemically with oxygen in the air. It is said that the higher
the combustion temperature becomes, the more NOx is
generated. To reduce NOx emissions, our fossil fuel power
stations are implementing the following measures.

(millions of kWh)

300,000

80,000SOx emissions

60,000200,000
40,000100,000
20,000SOx emissions

50,000
65

70

75

80

85

90

95

2000

0

(Fiscal year)

Fossil fuel power generation

Fossil fuelpower generation

0

Reducing nitrogen oxides (NOx)

Improving the combustion system
To reduce NOx emissions through the improvement of theboiler combustion system, three methods are available the two-stage combustion method, the exhaust gas
recirculation combustion method, and the use of low-NOx
burners.
Kansai Electric has made improvements on boilers toenable them to simultaneously use both the two-stage
combustion method and the exhaust gas recirculation
combustion method. For an even greater reduction in NOx
emissions, we have also installed low-NOx burners, whichhave been developed based on the principles of thesemethods.

48

Working to Reduce Load on the Environment

Use of fuels with low nitrogen content
As of the end of fiscal 2000, Kansai Electric has converted
the boilers at 14 out of 17 existing fossil fuel power
stations to use LNG or high quality oils such as NGL,
which contain little nitrogen.
Installation of flue gas denitrification facilities
Kansai Electric has focused much effort on the researchand development of flue gas denitrification facilities toreduce NOx emissions and on their introduction to plants.
As of the end of fiscal 2000, we have 46
denitrification facilities with a total capacity of 15,380
MW (see Figure 40).

In addition, average NOx emissions per unit of fossil
fuel power generation in Japan is 0.29g/kWh, a figure
considerably lower than the 2.0g/kWh combined averageof the USA, Germany, the UK, France, Canada and Italy.
Kansai Electric’s level is even lower than that of theJapanese average (see Figure 42).
■ NOx emissions per kWh from fossil fuel power
generation (Figure 42)（g/kWh）

3.0

3.0

2.5
2.2
1.9

2.0

1.9

2.0

1.8

1.5

■ Installation of flue gas denitrification facilities(Figure 40)

0.9

1.0
0.5

0.29

16,000
Facility capacity (MW) (accumulated)0

14,00012,00010,0008,000

0.15Germany Average Japan Kansai
for the six 1999
Electric
1997
countries
2000
Sources for foreign countries: OECD Environmental Data compendium/1999,
ENERGY BALANCES OF OECD COUNTRIES 1996-1997
Sources for Japan: survey by the Federation of Electric Power Companies
France
1996

U.S.
1997

Canada
1996

U.K.
1996

Italy
1995

6,000
4,000
2,000
0

68

70

75

80

85

90

95

00
(Fiscal year)

Development of flue gas denitrification facilities

Reducing particulates

R&D of pilot plants
R&D of large-scale testing equipment
Installation of flue gas denitrification facilities

All boilers for crude and heavy oil are equipped with highefficiency electrostatic precipitators in order to achieve thelowest possible level of particulates.

By implementing the above measures, the annual NOx
emissions in fiscal 2000 have been reduced to approximately
20% compared to fiscal 1974 (see Figure 41).
■ NOx emissions and fossil fuel power generation(Figure 41)(t)(millions of kWh)

80,00040,00030,00060,000NOx emissions

20,00040,00010,00020,000NOx emissions

0

74 75

80

85

90

95

2000

0

(Fiscal year)

49

Fossil fuel power generation

Fossil fuelpower generation

Electrostatic precipitator (Kainan Power Station)

Working to Reduce Load on the Environment

Measures to prevent water pollution

Measures to prevent water pollution

In-plant waste
water treatment
Integrated waste water
treatment facility

Neutralization andaggregation /precipitation equipment

Thermal discharge
impact reduction

Oil spill prevention

Intake ofdeep-sea water

Loading arms

Submarine discharging

Oil fences

Porous dikes

Oil absorbers

Oil separation andfiltration /absorption equipment

Domestic waste
water treatment
equipment

In-plant waste water treatment

Thermal discharge impact reduction

In-plant waste water produced from operations at
fossil fuel power stations contains small amounts of acid,alkali, suspended solids, oil and other substances. Machinecleaning during annual boiler and turbine overhaul
inspections also produces waste water. All the waste wateris specifically treated based on its respective condition byusing neutralization and aggregation/precipitationequipment and oil separation equipment for purification. It
is then purified using filtering and adsorption treatment
facilities.
Also domestic waste water from employee facilities ispurified using specifically designed treatment facilities
before being discharged.

At fossil fuel and nuclear power stations, turbine
generators are driven by high-pressure, high-temperature
steam which is cooled by seawater in a condenser in orderto return it to a liquid state. The temperature rise (thermal
discharge) of the seawater is kept at 7ºC or less.
In order not to affect sea life, deep-sea intake andsubmarine discharge is used, and their locations arecarefully selected by the characteristics of each station’s
location in order to minimize the area in which heatedwater is dispersed.

50

Working to Reduce Load on the Environment

Oil spill prevention
Oil brought in by tankers is unloaded at docking facilities
on power station sites. To avoid oil spills, we use aloading arm, which directly and firmly connects an intake
valve on the pier with an outlet valve on the tanker.
During the unloading of oil, absorbers are kept on
hand, and an oil fence is in place to prevent oil fromspreading in the rare case that a spill occurs.
When the loading arm is in operation, the area is underintense surveillance by trained staff. Oil retaining dikes
are also installed around fuel tanks to prevent any spilled
oil from spreading.

silencers and soundproof walls to minimize noise and arelocated in isolated places in order not to disturb residential
areas.

Vibration prevention
Facilities that may cause vibrations at power stations andsubstations are installed on a solid base. They are also
located as far as possible from the station's outerboundaries in order to minimize vibration levels outside
the power stations.

Measures to prevent Noxious Fumes

Oil fence at unloading dockMeasures to prevent noise and vibration

Measures to prevent noise and vibration
Low-noise design
Appropriate foundation design
Indoor installation
Appropriate equipment location

Noise prevention
In power stations and substations, various devices such asdraft fans, transformers, turbine generators, and pumps areusually in operation. To prevent noise, we generally placethese facilities inside buildings. When they must be built
outdoors, these facilities are specially equipped with51

We deal with the substance ammonia at our power
stations, and this gives off noxious fumes. These ammonia
fumes are sucked into smoke and particulate extraction
apparatus and electrically operated dust chambers. Thisequipment functions automatically and works tocontinually absorb the appropriate amount of fumes.
Ammonia concentrations in the smoke are kept down to alow level and periodical measurements of those levels arealso carried out. These facilities use apparatus that
conforms to the technological standards stipulated by‘High Pressure Gas Control Law’. This equipment isregularly inspected and the appropriate maintenance iscarried out to prevent leakage.

Working to Reduce Load on the Environment

PRTR system was enacted as the Bill Concerning Reporting,etc. of Release to the Environment of Specific Chemical
Substances and Promoting of the Improvements in Their
Management (Japan’s PRTR Law) in July 1999 in Japan,
and in March 2000, the government instituted a list of thechemical matters and the types and scale of businesses towhich the law applies. Since April 2001, companies havebeen legally obligated to provide the authorities with data on
emissions, to be submitted by the end of June 2002.
Even before this, Kansai Electric had been
independently monitoring emission of chemical
substances into the environment and had ascertained thatthe volumes of such emissions were extremely small. Thisdata has been included in this report since last year (seeTable 8).

Measures to Deal with Chemical Matters
Pollutant Release and Transfer Register (PRTR)
The Pollutant Release and Transfer Register is a system whichstates that a company must notify the government of the amountof potentially harmful chemical matter it emits into theenvironment and the amount of waste material that it transfers.
The government will then make this information public. The
purpose of the system is to improve the independent
management of chemical matters by companies, decrease theamount of emissions, and control the amount of waste.
Major countries in Europe and North America havealready introduced the PRTR system and legalized. The■ Kansai Electric’s data related to the Pollutant Release and Transfer Register (fiscal 2000) (Table 8)
ChemicalsUse

2-aminoethanol
TolueneXyleneHydrazine
HCFC-225
Thiourea
Dioxins

Water supply processing agent
Power generation fuel (contained in naphtha and NGL)
Power generation fuel (contained in NGL)
Water supply processing agent
Cleaner
Chemical agent used in cleansing boiler acid
Waste disposal incinerator

Amount handled (t/year) Amount emitted (t/year)
28.6
30.5
36.0
104.8
6.6
4.5
0 (mg-TEQ/year)

Measures to deal with Dioxins

0
0
0
0
6.6
0
99.5 (mg-TEQ/year)

Where emitted

Amount transferred as waste (t/year)――――
Into the atmosphere―
Into the atmosphere

0
0
0
0.22
0
0
0.1 (mg-TEQ/year)

the standard stipulated by law. (See Table 9)
As for the boilers at our fossil fuel power stations, we arealso taking steps beyond those called for in the regulations laid
down in the Law Concerning Special Measures Against
Dioxins. Our incineration operations are adequate, withmaterial being completely combusted at high temperatures ofabove 1200°C. In addition to this, our fuel is almost completely
free of chlorine so practically no dioxins are produced at all.
Furthermore, in carrying out voluntary inspections
with regard to dioxin levels, we ascertained that dioxin
discharges from our fossil fuel plants were virtually zero.
We believe that this should give us a very low impact
factor in terms of atmospheric pollution. (See Table 10,11)

Levels of dioxins are mainly regulated using waste productincinerators (capable of incinerating more than 50kg/h) inline with the ‘Waste Management Law’ and the ‘Law
Concerning Special Measures Against Dioxins’.
We are working to reduce the amounts of material we have toincinerate by keeping waste product levels down and by recycling.
At the same time, we are in the process of decommissioning such
equipment. As a result of this, the number of incinerators employed
was reduced from approximately 430 in 1997 to 43 by the end of
fiscal 2000, and reports are available for 37 incinerators. These
incinerators are being used as appropriate and our measurements ofdioxin concentrations show that we have achieved levels far below■ Results of Measurements on Dioxin Levels in Reported Facilities and Discharged Gases (as of March, 2001) (Table 9)
Combustion Capacity
Waste Product Incinerator

Number of Facilities (End of Fiscal 2000) Results of Measurements on Concentrations of Dioxins (Fiscal 2000)

Over 200kg/h
Over 50kg/h, Less than 200kg/h

334

0.022〜0.05
0.022〜23■ Level of Dioxin Discharges in Japan (Table 10)
SourceIncineration Facilities
Furnaces for use in manufacture of copper goods
Electric furnace for use in manufacture of steel and copper goods, sintering
Zinc collection operations
Aluminum alloy manufacturing businessElectricity companies and fossil fuel power stations
Other
Total

(g-TEQ / year)

Amount Discharged
1997
6,840-7,091
228.0
135.0
42.3
21.3
1.63
27.3-30.0
7,300-7,550(ng-TEQ/m3N)

Standard Value

1998
2,990-3,241
139.9
113.8
20.4
19.4
1.55
27.4-30.1
3,310-3,570

Source: Compiled by this company from records of levels of dioxin discharges (June 2000, Environment Agency)

1999
2,319-2,521
141.5
101.3
18.4
13.6
1.64
18.3-21.0
2,620-2,82080■ Results of Measurements on Dioxin
Levels in Discharged Gasses from Fossil
Fuel Plants in Japan (Table 11)(ng-TEQ/m3N)

Concentrations in discharged gases
Oil power
LNG power
Coal power

0〜0.0097
0〜0.0008
0〜0.0092

Source: Record of levels of dioxin discharges (June 2000, Environment Agency)
Reference: Level of atmospheric concentrations for fiscal year 1999 was
0.0000065-0.001ng-TEQ/m3 (Source: Environmental White Paper, fiscal 2001)

52

Working to Reduce Load on the Environment

products, they are evaporated and concentrated and thenfiltered. After this, they are either reused as distilled water ordischarged via pipes into the sea after being monitored toascertain whether concentrations of radioactive material are
low enough. The concentrated liquid substance left overfrom the process of evaporation and concentration is alsosolidified into asphalt and sealed in drums. After its volume
has been reduced by condensation or incineration it is safely
stored along with other solid waste products contained indrums in warehouses specifically built for such purposes.
Some gaseous and liquid waste products are released
into the environment after being processed. However, thismaterial has a level of radioactivity well below thestandard value for such. (See Table 12 and Figure 43)

Control of Radioactive Waste
When operating a nuclear power station, radioactive waste
is produced. However, we take thorough steps to ensurethat the impact on the environment is kept down to theminimum.
Gaseous waste products emitted from our nuclear power
stations are stored in tanks where their radioactivity is thendepleted. After being percolated through a filter, they arethen released into the atmosphere through a flue after they
have been monitored to check that concentrations ofradioactive material are sufficiently low. With liquid waste■ Discharge of Radioactive Gaseous and Liquid Waste Materials (Table 12)(Becquerels)

Gaseous Waste
Products

Power Station Standard Value for Discharge fiscal 1991 fiscal 1992 fiscal 1993 fiscal 1994 fiscal 1995 fiscal 1996 fiscal 1997 fiscal 1998 fiscal 1999 fiscal 2000
Mihama2.1×1015
2.8×1011 1.1×1012 2.0×1011 1.1×1011 1.6×1011 1.9×1011 1.9×1011 1.7×1011 2.3×1011 1.6×1010
Rare
Takahama
3.3×1015
1.8×1012 4.4×1011 6.2×1011 2.0×1011 2.1×1011 3.3×1011 3.7×1011 4.2×1011 4.0×1011 1.6×1010
Gases
Ohi
3.7×1015
5.6×1011 5.3×1011 4.7×1011 6.0×1011 5.1×1011 4.3×1011 4.3×1011 6.1×1011 1.2×1011 5.7×1010
Mihama7.4×1010
6.1×106 1.9×107 1.0×107 2.7×105 1.6×105
N.D.
1.8×106 2.4×106 3.2×106 3.2×105
Iodine Takahama
6.2×1010
2.2×108 4.3×107 4.4×105 3.1×105 2.4×105
3.8×106 9.9×106 2.7×105 2.7×105
N.D.
Ohi
1.0×1011
1.1×106 3.4×106 2.8×105 2.2×105
N.D.
8.6×105 1.2×105 1.6×105 1.6×105
N.D.
1.1×1011
5.1×105 3.0×106 3.4×105 1.1×105 4.8×105
N.D.
N.D.
N.D.
N.D.
N.D.
Liquid Waste Mihama
Products
Takahama
1.4×1011
N.D.
N.D.
N.D.
N.D.
N.D.
N.D.
N.D.
N.D.
N.D.
N.D.
(except Tritium) Ohi
1.4×1011
N.D.
7.8×104 1.4×105
N.D.
N.D.
N.D.
N.D.
N.D.
N.D.
N.D.

(Note 1) Becquerels are units which denote the depletion of one atomic nucleus per second in radioactive material(Note 2) N.D. stands for Not Detectable and means that the value is too low to be detected■ Method for Processing of Radioactive Waste (Figure 43)
Ventilation of rooms
Gaseous material
contained in coolant

Stored in tank andradioactivity sufficiently depleted

Gas
Stored intankContaminatedwater fromwashing ofwork clothing

Equipment for dealing
with contaminatedwater from washing

Radioactive particles
passed through liquid
filter and removed

透過水Ion
exchangeresinPrimary
coolant
LiquidConcentrated
liquidWater from othermiscellaneous
sources

Evaporated andconcentrated

Concentrated liquid
Evaporated
Evaporated and water
concentrated

Particles and gases passed
through gaseous filter tocapture and remove
radioactive material

Filtered
Ion water
exchange
resin

Reuse

Stored intankConcentrated liquid

Expelledfrom flue

Radiationlevel check

Stored intank

Evaporated water
Evaporated water

Radiationlevel check

Discharged into sea
along with seawaterused as coolant

Reuse

Ion
exchangeresin

Continuous monitoring ofradioactivity
Put into
drums

Solidified materials
Solidification equipment (asphalt, cement)

Assorted metal
waste

Compressed toreduce volume

Safely stored at
waste storage site

Put into
drums

Filter for gaseous material
PackagedSolid

Put into
drums

Filter for liquid material
Paper, rags, polythene sheeting, work clothes andother such inflammable material
Incinerator
Hot air→
Used ion exchange resin

53

Ash from incinerator

Exhaust fumes

Continuous monitoring ofradiation levels(monitoring post)

Put into
drums

Safety checks bymeans of surveys,
metersLong-term storage intanks to achieve sufficient
depletion of radioactivity

Impact on the environment ischecked by periodically inspecting
the surrounding ecosystem.
Analysis of:Seaweed, grasses
Fish
Sea bed sediment,
soil
Dust in the air

Working to Reduce Load on the Environment

After separating valuable substances such as uranium
through reprocessing of spent fuel from nuclear power
stations, remained high-level radioactive waste is storedsafely for approximately 30-50 years for cooling anddisposed of several hundred meters underground. In May
2000, the “Law on the Final Disposal of Specified
Radioactive Waste Products” was formulated. The“Nuclear Waste Management Organization of Japan” wasalso established in the same year and work wascommenced on designating sites for disposal and securing
the necessary funds. Nuclear power is being producedwith reliable disposal of waste in consideration of future
generations (see Figure 44).

■ Processing and Disposal of High-Level Radioactive Waste (Figure 44)
Generation of waste

Storage

DisposalCanister

Waste

Solidified glass body

Spent fuelReprocessing

Products

Processing

Canister
After separating uranium and otheruseful substances from the spent
fuel through reprocessing, highlevel radioactive waste remains

Enriched, condensed waste
fluids and glass are mixed,
creating a stable solid
substance inside the canister

The resulting substances are safely
stored to cool for about 30 to 50 years

Eventually, the waste is disposed of indeep stratums several hundred
meters underground54

Working to Reduce Load on the Environment

Promotion of Measures Concerned with the
Circulation of Resources

Reusing Resources

Promotion of Measures Concerned with
the Circulation of Promotion of the 3 ‘R’s

We try to use resources effectively by reusing
apparatus for producing and transforming electricity where
possible and reusing all-purpose electronic parts fromwattmeters for electrical power.

(Reduce: keeping production down, Reuse: using resources
again, Recycle: reclaiming resources)

In May 2000, work was begun toward the creation of ametabolic society and the basic law governing thepromotion of such a structure, the Law on Waste Products
and the Recycling, was amended.
We are continuing to keep down the production of,reuse and reclaim industrial waste products as part of oureffort to make metabolic use of our resources. And, at thesame time, we are■ Industrial waste measures (Figure 45)
careful to processmaterial that cannot
Industrial waste measures
be reclaimed in theappropriate fashion.
Executing corporate responsibilities(See Figure 45)
Waste reduction
We intend tocontinue to strive
Recycling and reprocessing resources
toward the creation
Development of treatment technology
of a metabolic
Enhancing cooperation with local governments andsociety through everrelated organizations
stronger promotionof the 3 ‘R’s.

Recycling Resources
When running a fossil fuel power station using heavy
and crude oil as fuel, soot and plaster sludge are created.
Most of this we recycle as a source of cement, fuel or as
construction material. Again, the wasted concrete createdon replacing concrete telegraph poles is mostly recycled as
foundation material for roading.

The Production of and Recycling ofIndustrial Waste
The volume of industrial waste created in the fiscal year
2000 came to approximately 70,000t, showing a reductionof 30% compared to the previous year. Furthermore, therecycled resource ratio for the fiscal year 2000 has changedslightly, but it has maintained a high standard, with an
overall figure over 80%. (See Figure 46, 47)■ The Production and Reuse as a New Resource ofIndustrial Waste (Figure 46)(%)(Thousands of t)

100
189
90

88

80

132

89

179
90

200
92

90

88

88

167

84

150

140
109

70

100

101
71

50

60
0

93

94

95

96

97

98

99

Amount of waste (bar chart)

We are engaged in efforts to reduce the production ofindustrial waste materials through the employment of longterm usage designs for power plants and transformer
facilities and equipment, extension of the time period
between replacements, size reductions in plants and facilities
resulting in the reduction of resource usage, prefabricatedconstruction methods, and simplification of packaging.

Recycling rate (line graph)

Reducing Resources02000 (Fiscal year)■ The Production of Industrial Waste (Figure 47)
Waste water
treatment sludge
2%
Insulator scraps
2%
Waste oil
6%

Industrial waste

Other
11%

Plaster sludge

Plaster sludge
29%

55

Heavy/crude oil ashes
Waste oil

Heavy/crude oil ashes
6%
Waste concrete fromtelegraph poles
20%

Waste water treatment sludge

Metal scraps

Metal scraps
24%

Waste concrete from telegraph poles
Insulator scraps

Recycling rate
100%
75%
100%
67%

Main uses for recycling
Construction materials
Ingredient for cement
Rare metals recovery
Fuel, other95%
Metal recovery
99%
37%

Road materials

Working to Reduce Load on the Environment

Examples of Effective Use of Resources

3R

Taking up the Challenge ofZero Emissions

Since fiscal 1998, we have been working in various ways
at the Kasugade Power Station (fossil fuel) to meet thechallenge of zero emissions by using equipment aimed at
keeping the production of waste materials down and setting
up ‘sorted waste collection corners’. These have enabled us tosegregate and collect such material to be used as fertilizer andsolid fuel, and to increase the range of uses for recycling. The
use of these procedures is now spreading and they are being
adopted at the Miyazu Energy Research Center (fossil fuel),
and at the Himeji No.1 and No.2 Power Stations (fossil fuel).

Cultivating corn using fertilizer compost

3R

The 3 ‘R’s and Paper for
Office Use

We are making every effort to keep down the creation ofwaste paper and reuse where possible through using electronicmeans and electronic notice boards for all our company
paperwork and conference materials, and by trying to use lesspaper and reuse the back of old paper as much as possible. At
the same time, used paper is collected to be recycled as
cardboard via used paper boxes that have been set up in our
offices. Each office is doing what it can independently to work
toward the realization of the 3 ‘R’s in dealing with paper.

Conference on how to cut down on use of paper

Over to Block
Reduce Changing
Insulation Materials
In order to prevent loss from heat dispersal at our fossil
fuel power stations, we are covering all our valves and pipes
with insulation material.
We used to have to break up and dismantle such material
on each valve and pipe inspection. Therefore, we havestarted to use block insulation material that can bedismantled piece by piece, allowing for reuse. This helps us
to cut down on the creation of waste from insulationmaterials and to effectively use our resources.

Insulation material for piping at power station

Reuse

Reuse of Wattmeters forElectrical Power

There are a total of approximately 11 million
wattmeters fitted for our customers throughout the areas
we supply with electricity. These are used to measure theamount of electricity consumed. The period during whichsuch apparatus may be effectively used is fixed, and when
this period is up they are removed. These are then checked
and repaired with a view to their effective use as materials.
After being officiallyapproved for use as
wattmeters, they arerefitted. We aim toreuse approximately
1,100,000
suchwattmeters each year.

Checking and repairing wattmeters for reuse (Kansai Keiki Kogyo, Inc.)

56

Working to Reduce Load on the Environment

Reuse

Effective Use of Resources
through Reuse of Equipment

We are planning to decommission 15, small output
fossil fuel power stations in the fiscal year 2001. We havedecided to reuse suitable equipment from these at otherexisting power stations or stations under construction by
way of aiming at efficient use of resources. These will
include some 54 such items, which will give us
approximately 2,000 pieces of equipment. This is expected
to enable us to make a saving of approximately 2 billion
yen compared to if we were to invest in new equipment.
■ Equipment for Reuse (representative examples)
Electrical andmeter type

Control equipment
Circuit breakers
Control center
Direct current circuits, etc.

Machinery typeAir conditioners
Electrically powered fire fighting pumps
Electrically powered hoists, etc.

With regard to transformer equipment, we also
decommissioned the Nishi-Harima 220,000V transformer
station by way of renewing our power line facilities, whichallowed us to effectively reuse this equipment. In order toquickly restore the railway company equipment destroyedin the March 2001 Geiyo earthquake, first we undertook
the removal work that needed to be done and then we
provided the bushing from our decommissioned 220,000V
transformer.

recycled
Recycle Utilizing
low-voltage wires
Hitherto, only copper waste produced on removing lowvoltage copper wire had been recycled. However, since
fiscal 1998, the PVC (polyvinyl chloride) covering of such
wire has also been broken down and reconstructed for use
in recycled electrical wiring. Furthermore, we are also
working together with one of our related companies, Daito
Co., Ltd., to develop light resin drums for use as drums forcarrying such wiring, as they are suitable for reuse.
We have adopted the LCA method (Life-Cycle
Assessment) for analyzing and evaluating environmental
impact, right from the procurement of basic materials
stage through to the wastage stage with regard to all our
products. Thus, we are working to reduce both the costs
associated with raw materials and the costs associated withthe processing of industrial waste (see Figure 48).
■ Recycling system of low-voltage electric wires(Figure 48)
Recycled
electric wires

Electric
wires

Kansai Electric

RemovalCollection
Constructing
company

Drums

Collection

Repair/Supply
Electric wire
supplier

Daito
Copper
Scrap

Purchase/
Installation

Dissolution regeneration
has been implemented

RVC Scraps Pulverization/Reprocessing

Effective Use of Waste Plastic

Recycle as High-Temperature Furnace
Reduction Agent

Removal of bushing from transformer (Nishi-Harima Transformer Substation)

57

We used to bury waste plastics produced at our power
stations. However, from January 2001, waste plastic
produced at the Takasago and Akoh power stations (fossilfuel) has been begun to be effectively used as analternative (reduction agent and heat source) to the usual
coke and coal particles used in furnaces at steelworks. We
are currently looking at expanding this practice to otherpower stations.

Working to Reduce Load on the Environment

and Construction
Recycle Developmentof Regenerated Plastic Guards
At the Kishiwada electric power office, we have beenusing scrap from high-voltage wire piping that had hitherto
just been buried as industrial waste. This scrap is being
mixed with scrap obtained from other manufacturers tocreate something new. We have been developing methods
to effectively use such material for guards for undergroundpower lines. These regenerated plastic guards offer higher
functionality than concrete guards, are lighter and arecheaper to make. Therefore, we are currently in the processof adopting such guards throughout all our companies.
Above ground

Making water-permeable andRecycle other pavement materials frominsulator scraps

As a result of our research and development onpractical uses for insulator scraps, in fiscal 1993 wedeveloped a commercial water-permeable pavement
material made with an energy-efficient manufacturing
process. This material can mitigate the heat island effect indensely populated urban areas by maintaining the ambient
temperature at a comparatively low level. In fiscal 1995,
we also began to provide a light-colored asphalt pavement
material that keeps pavement temperatures low in thesummer and is resistant to damage from tire chains in thewinter.

Guard for piping(protects piping frompressure from heavy
excavation equipment)
Cable
Underground power lines
PipingWater-permeable pavement from insulator scraps (Amagasaki Techno-land)

Recycle Making unbaked bricks
Unbaked bricks are made out of more than 80% recycledmaterial. These bricks are manufactured using a special nonbaking process patented by the Kamei Pottery ManufactureCo., Ltd. They are both hard enough and meet the Ministryof the Environment’s safety standards. We plan to form a
new company together with three of our related companies,
the Kansai Environmental Engineering Center, Kinki
Concrete Industries Co., Ltd. and Kamei Pottery
Manufacture Co., Ltd. to be called “Kyosei” Co., Ltd. The
plan is to commence the manufacture of blocks from
October 2001, using insulator scrap from our fossil fuelpower stations and various waste
products from the Kanden Group
along with such waste from otherindustries and bodies. Commencing
such a business will create arecycling network uniting ourcompany and related companies
together with other industries andbodies, bringing both producers andusers together as one.
Seemingly warm walkway utilizing unbaked bricks(the area around JR Nishinomiya Station )58

Working to Reduce Load on the Environment

Recycle Recycling insulating oil
Due to its high toxic content, polychlorinated biphenyl(PCB), which was being used as insulating oil forelectrical apparatus such as transformers, was banned fromboth use and production under administrative guidance in1972. Furthermore, in 1974, when the Law Concerning the
Examination and Regulation of Manufacture, etc. of
Chemical Substances was enforced, PCB manufacture,importation and use became illegal in principle, and it was
mandatory for manufacturers and enterprises to keep it
under strict control. Kansai Electric has kept PCB in
exclusive storage under close surveillance.
In 1976, the “Law Concerning Waste Treatment andCleanup” was established and the high temperatureincineration of PCB was sanctioned. However, only
limited experimental incineration of this sort was
attempted domestically, and various new chemical
methods of disposal technology have been developed totake its place.
Kansai Electric and Kansai Tech Corporation havejointly developed a new chemical treatment disposal
technique to replace high temperature incineration
disposal. The government has recognized the practicalityof this technique, which generates no combustion gas andbasically completes the reaction process in a closed cycle.
Needless to say, in the future, strict control of PCB
should be realized at the earliest stage of disposal and we arepresently earnestly engaged in efforts to realize this goal.
Furthermore, in July 2001, the “Law regarding Special
Measures to Promote the Appropriate Disposal of
Polyvinyl Chloride Waste Products” came into effect.
Through this, the whole country has become positively
involved in a system to enhance the disposal of PCB.

Promotion of Green Purchasing
We have always purchased energy-saving equipment andeco-label products such as electric vehicles with excellent
energy efficiency, low-loss transformers and other suchelectrical appliances. However, in fiscal 1999, we formally
adopted the Green Purchasing Promotion Policy and are
now actively putting this into practice throughout all ourcompanies.
We are making every effort to raise the level of suchactivity. For example, in April 2001, we established the“Green Purchasing Guidelines”. These set out standards
that focus on the purchase of office materials and OA that
conforms to national standards with regard toenvironmental conservation. Numerical targets of 100%and 50% have been set for the purchase of copy-paper and
OA, and stationary, respectively.
Furthermore, we are actively working in conjunction
with other companies and groups such as the Kansai
Economic Federation and the Green Purchasing Networkin this respect.

Work clothes made from recycled PET bottles

Model Chemical Disposal Plant

59

Working to Reduce Load on the Environment

investigating the causes of the problems and creating
measures to prevent recurrence. In June 2000, theCommittee presented its final report to the relatedorganizations including the then Ministry of International
Trade and Industry (now, the Ministry of Economy, Tradeand Industry) and the Fukui Prefectural Government. As aresult of discussions with BNFL, it was agreed that BNFL
would recall the eight assemblies of MOX fuel currently
stored at the Takahama Power Station and compensate
Kansai Electric for its damages.
Furthermore, considering the recent difficult situationin regard to nuclear power, in June of this year, weestablished the “Pluthermal Promotion Council,” with thecompany president as chairman, in order to enhance theorganization for the promotion of Pluthermal. We consider
that this council will function as a strong driving force forthose activities designed to deepen understanding across awide range of people in both the local and the consumer
districts.

Recycling of Used Fuel
Pluthermal Plan
Under the Pluthermal Plan, plutonium which has beencollected by reprocessing spent fuel is mixed with uranium
to form MOX fuel (mixed oxide fuels) and then reused innuclear reactors (light-water reactor; thermal reactor).
(The word “pluthermal” comes from the “plu” ofplutonium and the “thermal” of “thermal reactor.”)Countries such as Germany, France, and the United States
have reported successful results with this program.
With limited natural resources, Japan’s basic energy
policy is to recycle any spent fuel that can possibly bereused. In line with this policy, Kansai Electric is
proceeding with its own Pluthermal Plan (see Figure 49).
Regarding the problem in 1999 with MOX fuelproduced at BNFL (British Nuclear Fuels Ltd.), our BNFL
MOX Fuel Issue Investigation and Examination
Committee, with the help of outside experts, is thoroughly■ Nuclear Fuel Cycle (Figure 49)

Uraniumore

Yellow cake

Recovereduranium

High-level
radioactive waste

Changeover
plant

Refinery

Uranium mine

Uranium
concentration
plant

Plant forreprocessing

Facility forprocessing high-level
radioactive waste

Uranium
hexaflouride

Spent
fuel
Low-level
radioactive waste

Uranium
hexaflouride

Plutonium
Nuclear
power
plant

Facility forburial of low-level
radioactive waste

Secondarychangeover
plant

MOX
fuel
Uranium
dioxideUranium
fuel

Molding plant

60

Working to Reduce Load on the Environment

Measures to Reduce Water Consumption by
Increasing the Use of Recycled Water•Wastewater that has already been finally processed ispiped to a reusable wastewater storage facility to be
used in the desulfurization process.
■ Flow of Main Wastewater
Desulfurizationequipment
Wastewater fromdesulfurizationequipment

Wastewaterreuse facility

General wastewater
processing plant

We are making every effort to treat our water resources
with respect. The use of water at washbasins and sinks
throughout all our places of business is kept to a minimum
and effort is being made to prevent water being used
wastefully when washing vehicles.
Furthermore, wastewater produced on the premises ofour power stations is recycled to facilitate effective use andhelp keep consumption down.
The following are some of our main efforts in this area:•Water for daily use is piped to a reusable water tank after
being cleaned and used to irrigate green areas within the
power stations.

Wastewater fromplant
Wastewater fromdaily use

Waste
water
Reusablewater tank

Green area
irrigation water

Reduction in Exhaust
Gases from Work Vehicles

The staff that drive our company vehicles are all given
training in safe driving. This training is aimed at not only
teaching safe motoring and the prevention of accidents, but
is also designed to reduce the burden on the environment.
For example, we train them to check the air pressure in
the tires before they set off. This means that the vehicles
will consume less fuel when they are moving. Again, weshow them how to be careful when they park so as not to
obstruct other vehicles. In this way, they avoid causing
traffic congestion, and this helps avoid the production ofexcess exhaust gas.
Furthermore, we encourage our drivers not to leave
their engines running when they park somewhere or
temporarily stop. And we also ask visitors to our facilities
to do the same.
The following shows the amount of fuel consumed inrunning our company’s vehicles for the fiscal year 2000:
Type of Fuel

Volume Consumed（kR）

Distance Driven(in thousands of km)

Volume of CO2 emissions(t-CO2)Gasoline

3,794

37,616

8,765

Light oil

1,188

7,333

3,138

Reduction in Amount ofLumber Used from Tropical Forests

One global environmental problem is that of the disappearing
tropical rainforests. Japan imports the most lumber from suchtropical forests of any country in the world. Much of this isaccounted for by wood used in making frames for pouringconcrete into in the construction industry. To make matters worse,the number of times such lumber may be used is small. Therefore,61

it is believed that reducing the amount of tropical wood used forsuch frames is an important step in taking protective measures
toward protecting the tropical rainforests. Our company, too, uses
many such frames for pouring concrete. However, in order toreduce the amount of wood used from tropical rainforests, we are
now using metal and plastic frames instead.

Working to Reduce Load on the Environment

Easing of Load on Environment with regard to
Pollution of Stock and Use of Soil

Measures against Soil Pollution
In recent years, pollution of the soil has come in for close
attention. In 1977, in line with a departmental decision on
behalf of the then Ministry of Trade and Industry, anenvironmental assessment system was introduced at all
our power stations and the current conditions of the soil
with regard to pollution were ascertained. We have sincecontinued to strictly observe regulations (Water Pollution
Control Law, Waste Management and Public Cleansing
Law, PRTR Law, etc.) concerned with soil pollution.
We will continue to pay such laws the strictest
attention and do all we possibly can to protect theenvironment through taking the appropriate measures
where necessary.
Moreover, the site selected for the construction of the
Wakayama Power Station was once a landfill site ofwaste. Therefore, we voluntarily undertook our own
survey of the site. The results showed that dioxin waspresent in some of the ash and sludge at the site, so, fromnow on, whenever construction work is to be carried out,
the appropriate steps will be taken to contain such wastematerial and prevent it being scattered.

Measures to modify and reduce of
the Area of Undeveloped Land to Be
Modified and its Reduction
We are doing everything we can to conserve the naturalenvironment in the construction of our power stations bykeeping the area of land to be developed and trees to be
removed down to a minimum.
For example, we have the Maizuru Power Station, afossil fuel power station, under construction in Maizuru
City in Kyoto Prefecture. There, part of the land to be used
is designated as Wakasa-wan Quasi National Park. We
have taken advantage of the topographical undulations of
the site to undertake a two-tier construction. At the sametime, by using silo storage towers for coal we havemanaged to greatly reduce the area of sea needed forreclamation and land to be altered.
Moreover, we aim to keep the amount of deforestation
to the minimum by preserving some of the existing trees
and tangerine orchards.
With regard to hydroelectric power stations, we havethe Kaneihara power station that will straddle Ikagun
Kinomoto town in Shiga Prefecture and Ibi-gun
Sakauchimura in Gifu Prefecture. Here, part of theplanned site and its surrounding area are designated as
belonging to Ibi Prefectural Park and are rich in natural
beauty. Therefore, an underground design has been chosen
for the waterway and power station itself, with part of theroad being contained in a tunnel. This will help reduce thearea of land that will have to be altered and keep the
impact on the local environment and wildlife down to aminimum.

62

Working to Reduce Load on the Environment

Harmonizing with the Local Environment

Green zoning measures
Our company aims to create forests which are as close tonature as possible highly effective in preserving theenvironment. In order to achieve this at an early stage, we
are using saplings compatible with the original local
environment, which we are close-planting and mixing(ecological greening method) with existing trees. In thisway, we are working to create and manage green areas.
As a result, we have managed to create rich wooded
areas. Various species of wild bird, insects and small
animal have come to live in these green areas at many ofour business premises.

Ecological greening (Himeji No. 2 Power Station)■ Rate of Greening at Main Electric Power Facilities(as at end of fiscal 2000)
Fossil Fuel Power Stations

34%

Nuclear Power Stations

79%

Substations

33%

Furthermore, with ecological greening as our theme,
we have planted the representative city flower and city
tree at each of our power stations and have opened theseareas up to the use of the general public.
Those efforts of ours have come in for praise, and in
1992 the Himeji No. 2 Power Station (fossil fuel) received
the Prime Minister’s Award for “excellent green zoning
activities” with the Kainan Power Station (fossil fuel)receiving the Trade and Industry Minister’s Award in
1995.
Moreover, so that the people living around our power
stations might enjoy the green areas they provide, we arealso working to create an environment that will be suitable
as a habitat for dragonflies, lightning bugs and other suchinsects.
In addition, we are also making every effort to create
rich, safe and pleasant green areas that everybody canenjoy in the open spaces around our city substations.
As at the end of fiscal 2000, we had managed to create
green areas amounting to some 4.08 million square metersof space, including those areas that had been restored as far
as possible to their original condition after being altered.
63

Pond habitats for dragonflies (Osaka Power Station)

Green space in open area around city substation (Uehonmachi Substation)

Working to Reduce Load on the Environment

Electric power facilities in harmony
with the environment
When we plan to build and maintain an electric power
facility, we take municipal and regional development
plans into consideration. We thoroughly examine thesurrounding area and choose an appropriate facility designthat blends in with the landscape and is harmonious withthe local environment.
By thoroughly understanding the importance of
blending in with the local environment, it is our top
management priority to achieve mutual understanding anda harmonious coexistence with the regions where we
operate.

Nanko Power Station

Power stations representing local areas
Before constructing a power station, we thoroughly
investigate the condition of the surrounding area andreceive advice from experts in many fields in order tomake facilities into symbolic images of the region and inharmony with the local environment.
When constructing Nanko Power Station (fossil fuel)in Suminoe-ku, Osaka, for example, which began
operation in 1991, we placed great emphasis on a design
compatible with the urban surroundings. In particular, thestack was designed to be a local landmark shaped like amonument. At night it is illuminated by solar power, withthe colors changing from season to season. Wellintegrated into its environment, Nanko Power Station
received the Color Prize for Public Utilities from the Japan
Color Laboratory and an International Illumination DesignAward (Lighting Section Award) from the North
American Illumination Institute. It was also selected as aGood Design Institution (normally called G Mark) by the
Ministry of International Trade and Industry.
The stacks of Himeji No. 1 Power Station Units No. 5
and No. 6, which commenced operation in April 1995 andMay 1996 respectively, are also illuminated at night.
Changing lighting effects and a flashing strobe light createa seasonal atmosphere, and even provide information on
the tide position, air temperature, and time of day. These
stacks are enjoyed as a symbol of the waterfront area andreceived the Urban Spectacle Award from Himeji City.
The Sakaigawa Power Station (hydro) which
commenced operation in 1993, located in Kamitaira in
Toyama Prefecture, was modeled after a house in thegassho-zukuri style, with a steep roof and prominent top
beam. Kamitaira is located near a village noted for its
many gassho-zukuri houses which are recognized as a
UNESCO World Heritage Site. The power station blends
well with the beautiful surroundings.

Himeji No. 1 Power Station

Sakaigawa Power Station

64

Working to Reduce Load on the Environment

Substation designs in harmony withsurrounding city buildings
At substations, radiators and other equipment are hiddenfrom view and trees are planted to enhance the landscape.
The design and color of the buildings are also coordinatedwith surroundings.
For example, the Hoshida Substation (Katano City,
Osaka), which is in a residential area, has been designed asa low building with the external appearance of aresidential house in order to blend in with the local
environment .

Hoshida Substation

Power distribution methods toupgrade local amenities
We intend to contribute to the overall upgrading of
amenities in the areas where our distribution facilities arelocated by designing them to match the shapes and colorsof city buildings and their surroundings.
With this in mind, while assuring a stable power
supply, we plan to improve both the quality and look of
power distribution facilities by using an effective power
distribution method that conforms to the way electricity isused and by choosing designs that conform to city
planning concepts. We determine the shape of buildings
and their color schemes by considering the size of theroadside buildings and various city design regulations.

The area around Osaka International Conference Center (underground power lines)

65

One method of improving scenery in a city is burying power
distribution lines underground. Hitherto, we had concentrated such
effort on office areas, areas around mainline stations and areas ofoutstanding scenery. However, recently we have begun toundertake such work and examine the possibilities for such workin medium-size shopping precincts, housing developments andalongside trunk routes as well.
In deciding which areas are suitable for laying underground
distribution lines we take into consideration a number of factors,
starting with those areas with the greatest need and which offer thegreatest advantages in terms of maintenance. Such factors include:•Whether it is a skeletal trunk route in an area used by an
undetermined number of users•Whether such work may be carried out effectively in terms of
the layout of city blocks and redevelopment, together withother types of maintenance work
•Whether that locality is working toward improvement of its
own scenery, and•Whether there is a stable demand for electrical power along thatroute.
Furthermore, in undertaking such work, we are moving
forward while trying to work in harmony with the special featuresof each local environment.
This we are doing in cooperation with those responsible forroute management, electric power line management (Kansai
Electric, communication common carriers, etc.) and the local
community, the three groups working together as one.
In many cases even the steel towers that support transmission
lines have been designed so that their shape and color blend inwith the surroundings.

The electric transmission tower of the Himeji Power Station (fossil fuel)Working to Reduce Load on the Environment

Efficient utilization ofthermal discharge
Using thermal discharge from fossil fuel and nuclear
power stations, we have been cultivating fish and youngshellfish with regional characteristics such as Kuruma
prawn and abalone and conducting research on their
growth. We are working to establish such technology andverify the effectiveness and safety of thermal discharge. In
addition to utilizing the technologies we have developed,
we are also releasing cultivated fish and shellfish into theocean, thus helping to promote the local fishery industries.
We have been growing orchids at the Takahama
Power Station (nuclear power) using a heat pump withheated water as the heat source. The Miyazu Energy
Research Center (fossil fuel) has been conducting tests
centered on flower, vegetable and other such plantcultivation. In this way, we are contributing to therevitalization of the local farming industry (see Table 13).
Furthermore, we have set up a facility where local
people interested in our work may come and learn about
what we are doing and are endeavoring to ascertain theneeds of the local community.

Kuruma prawn (Tanagawa No. 2 Power Station, Miyazu Energy Research Center)

Abalone fixed tooyster shells and released(Takahama Power Station)

Inspection of strawberry cultivation by related local groups and farmers(Miyazu Energy Research Center)■ Current Situation with regard to Experimentation and Research (Table 13)

Fisheries Related
Farming Related

Location of Activity

Type of Activity

Cumulative Total Released

Takahama Power Station (1977〜)Black abalone and turbo were released into the sea around thepower station as an experiment in breeding and farmingBlack abalone 800,000
Turbo 200,000

Tanagawa No. 2 Power Station (1977〜)

Prawns and white shrimps were released into the sea aroundthe power station as an experiment in breeding and farming

Prawns 33,000,000
White shrimps 60,000,000

Miyazu Energy Research Center (1989〜)Black abalone and prawns were released into the sea aroundthe power station as an experiment in breeding and farmingBlack abalone 600,000
Prawns 12,000,000

Takahama Power Station (1977〜)

Experiment in breeding temperate zone plant life,
8 varieties comprising 840 orchids used

Loaned to public facilities for
exhibitions

Miyazu Energy Research Center (1989〜)

Experiment in adapted breeding of plant life
Ornamental plants: Turkish Bellflower, etc.
Vegetables: strawberries, etc.

Distributed to visitors viewing harvest

66

Various Types ofWork on Behalf of Society
Exchange and Cooperation with
External Bodies toward Environmental Conservation
Spreading Awareness on Saving Energy
In order to deepen understanding of energy conservation,
Kansai Electric, at the request of local governments,
women’s groups, and consumer associations, cosponsors
lectures and courses targeted at housewives on the basics
of electricity and its efficient use. Our widespread
education campaigns also include running special energy
conservation supplements in major newspapers and in our
in-house publication and cosponsoring exhibitions on
effective energy use with outside groups like the Energy
Conservation Center. Furthermore, our meter-readers givecustomers a statement that compares the amount ofelectricity used each month with the same month of theprevious year.
We also try to make our information pamphlets andpublicity goods as entertaining and interesting as possible
so that learning about energy conservation can be more
fun for more people. At the same time, we have alsoestablished an enjoyable energy-saving section on ourcompany’s website entitled “Energy-saving Solutions:Housewife Challenger” to facilitate the spread ofawareness of energy-saving issues.
Website“Energy-saving Solutions:Housewife Challenger”

Energy conservation
pamphlets and publicity goods

67

Everyone’s Eco-Friendly Campaign
Since fiscal 1993, all Kansai Electric employees havetaken part in the Everyone’s 1-2-3 Campaign, which calls
for participants to plant trees, reduce paper waste, andcollect empty cans for recycling. For this effort, ourcompany received a Ministry of International Trade andIndustry Award in fiscal 1995 for outstanding
contributions to the promotion of recycling.
This success led to the start in fiscal 1996 of the New
Everyone’s 1-2-3 Campaign, which comprises the three
activities of tree planting, resource and energy
conservation in the office, and community beautification.
In fiscal 2000, we started the Everyone’s Eco-Friendly
Campaign, in which employees continue to contribute to
the protection of the local environment through ourprevious activities by working in cooperation with thelocal community.

Tree planting
Kansai Electric advertises the importance of keeping andcultivating greenery by planting the saplings cultivated in
its nurseries in cooperation with local residents. We
planted 30,000 saplings in fiscal 2000, giving us acumulative total of 265,000 saplings planted in public
facilities such as schools and parks since fiscal 1993.

Tree planting with elementary school children

Working to Reduce Load on the Environment

Community beautification
For some time Kansai Electric has been promoting
environmental beautification programs together with thelocal community. Based on this experience, we have beenpromoting companywide environment beautification withthe cooperation of the local community since fiscal 1996.
In fiscal 2000, we carried out 1,521 such activities to give
us a cumulative total of 4, 274 since fiscal 1996.

70% target that had been set, an overall improvement
could still be seen. We believe this can be seen as areflection of the strengthening of independent effort in thisregard at each place of operation and work toward raisingoverall awareness of the issues involved.
While continuing to make the most of these results, wewill work to achieve ever more independent activity, thus
promoting a change for the better in the way we live.
We will continue making efforts to spread this circleof activity in the local community through PR campaigns,
well-timed events, and cooperation with PTAs and local
municipalities.
Furthermore, the activities conducted in this campaign
have received high praise, and in February 2000, it waschosen for presentation to all attending the G8 forum on
the future of the environment as one of the best practice
examples (superior examples) of measures against global
warming conducted in Japan.

Community beautification activity near an office

100,000 People’s Eco-Family Campaign
Leaflets (left and middle) and stickers (right) for the
100,000 People’s Eco-Family Campaign

There has been a drastic increase in CO 2 emissions inhouseholds and the transportation sector in recent years.
The call for people to change their lifestyles in order tosave energy is growing stronger. It is also important forenterprises to tackle the global warming problem incooperation with the local community.
We have been promoting the 100,000 People’s EcoFamily Campaign since fiscal 1998 to become
environmentally friendly in our homes. Simple ways toconserve energy include turning off the TV at the mains
when not in use, not running idle car engines and using
public transportation as much as possible.
Since fiscal 1999, we decided to promote Green
Purchasing, encouraging everyone to purchase ecofriendly products such as recycled toilet paper.
Moreover, with the aim of further raising the level ofsuch activities, in fiscal 2000, we set numerical targets tobe reached.
Looking at the levels of improvement obtained for thesame items covered in the study we carried out in fiscal
1998, we found a figure of 68% as against only 66% for
the fiscal year 1998, showing a positive result for ourefforts in these areas. Although this figure fell below the68

Working to Reduce Load on the Environment

Supporting environmental education

Cooperation with the Local Community
Symposium on global environmental issues
We regularly hold symposiums, supported by the Osaka
city and prefectural governments, that focus on global
environmental issues. This is an important opportunity toconsider and act on these issues together with the local
community.

For elementary and junior high school students, we haveproduced an animated video titled “Mako-chan’s Parrot:
What is the Global Environment?” that explains global
environmental issues and a booklet titled “Our Friends on
the Earth,” an easy-to-understand guide to the ecology of
everyday fauna and flora.
A number of other environment-related publications
are in wide use (see Table 14).
■ List of Environment-Related Publications by Kansai
Electric (Table 14)
Title

An annual report on the
progress of our environmentrelated activities

A well-Balanced Environment
Today and Tomorrow

An annual report in English on
the progress of ourenvironment-related activities

Our Declaration of Concern for theEnvironment

Introduction to our company’s
work in tackling environmental
problems

Grandma’s Earth-Friendly Ideas

Presents traditional earthfriendly wisdom collected from
community residents

The Eco-Family’s Way to Live and Be Kind
to the Earth

Q&A format on how to live inharmony with the environment

Our Friends on the Earth

Easy introduction to everyday
fauna and flora

Environmental Month SymposiumVideosEnvironmental events and cooperation withlocal governments
During Kansai Electric’s “Environment Month” and“Customer Service Month,” our branches and offices holda variety of events with environmental themes, such asflea markets and recycling fairs, in exchange andaffiliation with the local community through local
governments.

Ecofesta 2001 (Osaka Kita Branch)

69

Main Contents

Kansai Electric’s
Global Environmental Action Report

As a business that continues to careabout the environment
Kansai Electric’s activities to fightglobal environmental problems

Introduction to our company’s
work in tackling environmental
problems

Mako-chan’s Parrot – What’s the
Global Environment? (animated)

Explanation of global
environmental problems forthe next generationfor elementary
school students()

These materials are distributed free of charge while stocks last.
Inquiries should be directed to: Environment Department, Environmental
Management Group
Phone: 070-5772-9668 (direct line)

Working to Reduce Load on the Environment

Promotion of Extensive Exchange
If we are to protect the environment, then the country
itself, each local governmental body, business and thecitizens themselves must each play their role. Recent years
have seen an increase in the number of citizens andorganizations working toward environmental protection.
A survey was carried out by the Japan Environmenta
Association (Foundation) from November 1996 to June
1997 targeting NGOs concerned with the environment(private citizens’ groups involved in activities concernedwith environmental protection on a non-profit basis).
There was found to be some 11,595 such groups* (fromthe White Paper on the Environment, 2000 edition).
We are looking into what kind of partnership would be
best for our company to have with such groups throughvarious kinds of exchange. We are already working together
with a number of groups who have shown a positive
understanding and willingness to cooperate with us.
*According to the White Paper on the Environment, 2000 Edition, there aremany other such groups too small to appear in the statistics or functioning on a
non-permanent basis, making it difficult to give an accurate figure.

Work in Cooperation with Local Groups
Cooperation with the Kansai Economic
Federation and others
The Kansai Economic Federation has projects like theGreen Purchasing Promotion and the Summer Energy
Conservation Fashion Statement, in which employees
are encouraged, “appropriate air conditioning
advertisements,” to dress lightly in the office so that thetemperature can be kept at the ideal cooling temperatureof 28 degrees.
These projects are part of activities geared towards theConstruction of an Eco-cyclical Society and Shift to a
New Lifestyle, which is one of the action plans of the
Kansai Economic Federation’s Kansai Revitalization Plan
adopted in December 1999. Kansai Electric isparticipating in these activities in earnest, practicing green
purchasing by buying things like 100% recycled paper andhaving employees dress energy-wise in the office to saveon air conditioning. We are also participating in the“appropriate air conditioning advertisements” movement.
We are also taking active part in the Toward a
Metabolism-Oriented Society, an initiative advocated by
the Global Environment Forum — Kansai whose members
include academics, economists, representatives fromgovernment, and labor and women’s groups, as well asaiding outside independent research through our Kansai
Research Foundation for Technology Promotion.

Class on recycling in cooperation with an NPO (Nara branch)

Further, in June of 2000, in the Suminoe District ofOsaka City, the Green Eco-Plaza was opened at the ATC(Asia and Pacific Trade Center). Established as a generaldisplay area, the plaza will function to introduce the latest
environment related businesses, on a wide scale, providing
a stimulus to this budding business field, and also as aforum for recycling and community planning.
Through close cooperation and liaison between eachof the companies in the organization, we are aiming for“the creation of a better environment.” Active in the
introduction of a variety of new technological advances
and the like, on a group-wide basis, our intention is thus tocontribute to the development of local districts.

Proposals of the Global Environment Forum-Kansai

70

Working to Reduce Load on the Environment■ E7 (a group of leading electric utilities in the G7 countries)

International Cooperation

Established 1992

Promoting Worldwide Technical Cooperation toContribute to Prevention of Global Warming
In order to address critical issues the international society facing
today, such as “the global warming” and “sustainable
development”, we recognize that it is indispensable to expand ourcooperation activities to worldwide scale.
Expectations are growing for our further contribution, since
the Japanese electric utilities can especially play a greater role
among the private sectors in providing technology transfer related
to these issues (e.g. nuclear generation, energy conservation andenvironmental protection).
Based on these circumstances, the Kansai EPCO
aggressively involves in multitude of international projects thatcan contribute to mitigate climate change, with an emphasis on
using our field-proven technical expertise. Our activities are
consisting mainly of:• participating proactively in international associations andgroups that seek to promote sustainable energy development• Involving in activities implemented jointly (AIJ) with Developing
Countries to reduce Green House Gas (GHG) emissions.
• Carrying out Human Capacity Building activities related toelectricity and the environment.

Highlights of our activities
The Kansai EPCO’s affiliations such as:• E7 (an international collaboration of nine of leading
electric utilities in the G7 countries)• WBCSD (World Business Council for Sustainable Development)
are good examples of our dedication to the responsibility inthe international society.
These organizations are active stakeholders that work topromote sustainable development and improved
environmental performance in the international community.

Objective

To play an active role in protecting the global environment and promoting
sustainable development through efficient generation and use of electricity

Outline of
Activities

Enhancing the quality of international debate on global environment policy
issues by sharing its experience and perspectives.
Taking initiative to organize international cooperation for actions to curb
and reduce greenhouse gas emissions in developing countries, such as
AIJ projects in Indonesia and Jordan.

Membership

American Electric Power (USA), EDF (France), ENEL (Italy), Hydro Quebec(Canada), Ontario Power Generation (Canada), RWE (Germany), Tokyo
Electric (Japan), Kansai Electric (Japan), Scottish Power (UK)■ WBCSD (World Business Council for Sustainable Development)
Established

1995

Background WICE (World Institute for Conservation and Environment, established in
and Objective 1993) and BSCD (Business Council for Sustainable Development,
established in 1990) merged as WBCSD in 1995. It promotes
cooperation between business, government and industry associations inthe search for lasting solutions to environmental issues.
Outline of
Activities

Conducting seminars and producing papers that support the WBCSD’s
commitment to sustainable development, such as “Climate and Energy”,“Eco-Efficiency”, “Social Trust”

MembershipThis coalition represents about 130 companies from 30 countries

The Kansai EPCO is engaged in the promotion ofinternational cooperation to assure of a global nuclear
safety and for environmental protection, Nuclear energy
will become increasingly more important to develop
worldwide and country-level initiatives toward reducing
the emission of greenhouse gases.
Nuclear energy can provide a realistic solution to us.
Many nations share this view, and indeed active moves
toward new nuclear power plants are being launched in
Asian nations, as well as the U.S. and some European
nations.
Especially China, we have many exchange visits with
the Qinshan Nuclear Power Station in the field of theconstruction, operation and maintenance, etc. from 1985 tonow.

■ Activities related Human Capacity Building during FY2000
Period of
Implementation
May /2000

Title

Country

Dispatched or
Received

Delegation to Nuclear Power Plant Training Course

Russia and Bulgaria

Dispatched

Jun

Nuclear Power Plant Maintenance Personnel and Inspectors Training Course

Russia and Lithuania, the Ukraine and others

Received

Jun

JICA Training Course for Environmental Impact Assessment

Vietnam, Turkey, Kenya and others

ReceivedJulLong-term dispatch of experts to Laos for basic maintenance of electric power facilities

Laos

Dispatched

Jul

JICA Training Course on Environmental Management

Thailand, the Philippines, Indonesia and others

Received

Sept

JICA Training Course on Distribution of Electricity

Syria, Saudi Arabia, Indonesia and others

Received

Oct

Nuclear Power Plant Maintenance Personnel and Inspectors Training Course

Russia, the Ukraine and Bulgaria

Received

Oct

Nuclear Power Plant Manager and Supervisor Training Course

The Czech Republic and Hungary

Received

Nov

Regular Information Exchange Meeting with East China Electric Power Group Corporation

China

Dispatched

Jan/ 2001

Nuclear Power Plant Manager and Supervisor Training Course

Slovakia and Rumania

Received

Feb

Short-term dispatch of experts to Laos for basic maintenance of electric power facilities

Laos

DispatchedMar

Training Course for Experts in Basic Maintenance of Electrical Power Facilities in Laos

Laos

Received

Mar

Completion of E7 Rural Electrification Project in Indonesia

Indonesia

DispatchedMar

E7 Workshop on Air Pollution Management in Thailand

Thailand

DispatchedMar

E7 Workshop on Management and Technical Strengthening for the New Bangladesh Distribution Companies

Bangladesh

Dispatched

71

Workshop on nuclear power plant operation(Qinshan Power Station)

Working to Reduce Load on the Environment

Activities to Benefit Local Society

As a company that lives in step with the local society, we
are involved in various types of activity aimed at enabling
us to ‘Live in Harmony with the Local Community’.

Toward the Revitalization of the Local Community
We are involved in the production, transmission anddelivery of electricity, an activity that has deep roots inlocal society. We have many head offices, branch offices,
headquarters and moreover sales outlets, electric power
offices and power stations spread around various locations.
All these operations work to hold events, support and takepart in local festivals and other such events. Believing
communication with the local people to be important, we
also open our facilities to the public and contribute to thedevelopment and revitalization of the local community.

Kobe Luminarie

We are involved in improving the quality of welfare forthe elderly within the local community in a number of ways.
Our company is active in the setting up of general facilities
for the aged; we carry out inspections of electrical appliancesand lend IH cooking equipment free of charge; and we
donate electrical water heaters and IH equipment to old-folks
centers. Moreover, we also work to suggest ways of living
safely and comfortable through the use of electricity so thateach individual may enjoy a settled lifestyle.

Welfare for the Physically and
Mentally Challenged
Our wish is for a society in which everyone, whether they bephysically or mentally challenged or not, may experience thejoy of living. Our activities here range from thoseundertaken personally on behalf of the surrounding
community to those where the entire company is involved inan event. As one example of such work, we have set up
Kanden L-Heart Co., Ltd. facility as a place where thephysically challenged may enjoy doing a variety ofworthwhile work (Multi-Purpose Work Center for the
Severely Physically
Challenged).
We
want
to
continue with suchwork into the future aspart of our aim for a‘No Barriers Between
Hearts’ society.

Welfare for the Elderly
By the year 2015, it is predicted that 1 in 4 people will be a seniorcitizen and that we will have arrived at the ‘Gray Society’. This
will bring about a variety of problems for local communities.

Inspection of electrical equipment at home of elderly person living alone

Lively festival

Kanden L-Heart72

Working to Reduce Load on the Environment

Support for Arts, Culture and Sports

Fostering Health in the Young

Arts, culture and sport all serve to vitalize a communityand give each member of that community courage. They
serve to uncover new talents and to educate, and theycreate and widen new bonds of exchange between
communities.
Every year, we hold classic concerts in each
community where local citizens may enjoy famous works
of classical music and opera. We also cosponsor the
FLASHBOWL series in the Kansai Collegiate American
Football Association by way of encouraging junior sport.
We are taking a comprehensive approach toward thepromotion of arts, culture and sports at the local level.

Our wish is that children, who will shoulder the burden of
the next generation and build the future, may be raised tobe healthy. Therefore, we are working in various ways andthrough exchange to help children to acquire social vision;
we are working to engender a rich sensitivity in them. We
go into the classroom to give informal talks on the various
environmental issues we all face in relation to energy, andwe provide classrooms where they may conduct scientificexperiments.
One example of such work is the Kanden Youth
Soccer Tournament. Together with the Osaka Soccer
Society we annually cosponsor this event so that children
may enjoy soccer at a first-class venue.

Classical concert

Kanden Youth Soccer Tournament

Support for Volunteer Activities by our Staff
Many of our staff are involved in volunteer work. This work
is purely voluntary. They do it because they wish tocontribute to the local community. In order to support such
work, we have a system whereby we allow staff to take time
off work or be absent during such activities. We also loan
company facilities and equipment, and host seminars aimed
at encouraging such activity.
Through such volunteer activities, our staff come into
contact with many of the local residents. In this way, theygain various perspectives that they wouldn’t get just from
corporate culture itself. This strengthens their sense of being amember of the local community. We hope that this will help
them become good and highly humane members of society.
FLASHBOWL

Volunteer seminar

73

Working to Reduce Load on the Environment

Safety andSanitation Activities

Aiming to Create a Workplace with
Safety and Health in Mind
It goes without saying that for the people who work there, theability to work in a safe and healthy environment is of the utmost
importance. Recently, we have seen a major stiffening incompetition in the electricity business. Therefore, if we are to havepeople choose our company for their supply of electricity, then it isindispensable that our staff energetically go about their work withenthusiasm and that they display their abilities to the utmost.
One of our mid-term management policy goals is that of‘creating a lively work environment’, and in order to achieve this,not just the company itself, but every single employee has joined
forces to work toward safety and sanitation with the objective ofensuring the safety and health of all our staff.
Based on this concept, we are making every effort to promote
safety and health activities aimed at creating a safe and healthy
work environment. Therefore, we have adopted the ‘Policy on theManagement of Safety and Sanitation’ as part of our mid-term
policy, and the ‘Plan for the Management of Safety and Sanitation’as our plan for the coming year.
FY 2001〜2004
Main Points of the Kansai Electric Policy on the Management of Safety and Sanitation
Safety Related
1. Preparation of a solid basis for the management of safety
2. Encouragement of activities toward boosting safety in cooperating companies

Sanitation Related
1. Promotion of mental health care for the competitive age
2. Promotion of supportive measures toward personal responsibility for health
3. Strengthening of base for health support system

Safety and Sanitation Activities
As far as company attitude to safety and sanitation goes, we areaware that the safety and health of our employees are valuableassets for our company. So, with this in mind, we are involved inwork that puts great emphasis on ensuring both. Not only do westrictly observe all the related legislation on this, such as theIndustrial Safety and Health Law and other related regulations, but
we have also set down our own company standards and are
involved in independent activities toward such goals.

Management of Safety(1) Education and Events Related to Safety
In order to prevent accidents occurring while staff are carryingout their duties, we ■ Annual Rate of Accidents at Work (Figure 50)
provide facilities and2.13 2.07
2.05
2.00
1.95 1.92
1.88 1.89
equipment which
1.82
21.75 1.72 1.80
enable all our
National annual rate
employees, whoever1
is carrying out aCompany annual rate
0.32
particular operation, to0.19 0.19 0.15
0.11 0.19 0.11 0.19 0.19 0.09
0.08 0.04
work in safety. We
0
89
90
91
92
93
94
95
96
97
98
99 2000(Fiscal year)
also provide education*Annual Rate: Number of hours of work missed through accident per total ofand hold events aimed
1000,000 working hours
at raising awareness ofsafety issues. As a result, our company’s annual rate of accidents
at work is lower than the national level. (See Figure 50)(2) Measures with regard to Human Factor
A thorough analysis is carried out in the event of an accident
occurring and we examine measures aimed at preventing arecurrence. This activity is carried out throughout the entire
company. Particular emphasis is given toward such activity
with regard to instances where the cause of the problem was
psychological. For example, one of our policies is to holdregular monthly meetings at all our work places where small
groups meet to discuss the human factor.
(3) Designation System for Drivers
Our company has its own system of designation fordrivers. If an employee is to drive a company vehicle, thenthey must take a prescribed course. Their driving ability ischecked before they are given permission to drive, and thisis followed up with other regular tests. The company has awell-developed policy on the management of safe driving.
(4) Safety Activities Company-wide
Safety activities aimed at improving the management of safety
at cooperating companies and among our subcontractors takeplace throughout the entire Kansai Electric Group. These
activities include the sharing of information on safety matters,
providing advice and giving instruction.

Management of Sanitation(1) Promotion of Mental Health Care
Recently, much attention has been paid to the problem of stressin the workplace and the importance of creating a healthy
frame of mind has grown in significance. Therefore, we areworking to encourage education toward dealing with stress andhave set up a system where people may discuss their problems.
(2) Promotion of Supportive Measures toward Personal
Responsibility for Health
We are involved in a number of activities aimed at theprevention of illness resulting from personal lifestyles. We offer
information on such issues aimed at improving people’s exercise
and eating habits: for example, we provide guidance on healthmatters and offer support to those who wish to give up smoking.
74

What theKansai Electric Group Doing
Related Company Global Environmental Project
Conference for Promotional Staff
Here at the Kansai Electric Group, we select “Promotional
Staff for the Related Company Global Environmental
Project” (approximately 50 names) from throughout thegroup in order to promote efforts toward environmental
conservation and have been holding the “Conference for
Promotional Staff for the Related Company Global
Environmental Project” every year since fiscal 1994.

At this conference, we invite academics and such fromvarious universities to give lectures on the very latest
information pertaining to the environment. In addition,members of our staff introduce examples of eco-businessactivities and there is a mutual sharing of information. In
this way, we are working to achieve a sharing of
information throughout the group.

■ Contents of Main Activities over Past 3 Years
Lecture2000/11

1999/10

1998/10Introduction of eco-businessGroup companies

Theme

Lecturer

Theme

Koichiro Chiba Industrial
Research Section, The Industrial
Bank of Japan, Ltd.

Evaluation of efforts on behalf ofbusinesses toward
environmental conservation as
viewed by financial institutions

Organization for the
Certification of International
Standards

Regarding inspection andregistration related in management
system for international standards

Katsuhiko Kokubu Associate
Professor, Economics Research
Department, Graduate School of
Kobe University

On environmental accounting

Social Welfare Corporation,
Kanden Welfare BusinessGroup

L-Home Ashiya, General Welfare
Facility for the Elderly based on theconcept of living in harmony withthe environment

Tetsuhiko Yoshimura chairman,
Department of Family Resource
Management, Kinran College

New developments in therecycling industry

Kansai Tech Corporation

Development of “Nobotan”,
contributing to the beautification ofKanden L-heart Co., Ltd.

Promoting the sale of Eco-goods(Titles omitted. Post as at that time)

Promoting Eco-Business Throughout
the Kansai Electric GroupIn recent years eco-businesses (environment-relatedindustries), which provide recycling equipment andtechnology, low-pollution vehicles, and eco-friendly
products, have been the object of public attention. As well
as being a major contributor towards creating a sustainable
society with lower
environmental impact,eco-businesses are
expected to become thedriving force for
economic development
and innovation. We
anticipate much growthin this area.
Eco-Business News75

Our goal is to establish a groupwide eco-businessstrategy that will contribute to environmental conservation
by mobilizing the diverse technological expertise of the
Kansai Electric Group to promote and support ecobusiness efforts in various ways, such as providing market
information through a regular newsletter Eco-BusinessNews (see photo right). Several of Kansai Electric’s
affiliated companies which are currently in the process ofdeveloping innovative eco-business products and services
are introduced on pages 76 to 78.

What the Kansai Electric Group is DoingKANSAI TECH CORPORATION
Development and Sales of Support Software forManagement of PRTR
At Kansai Tech Corporation as part of our environment-related businessactivities, we are developing and selling user-friendly CD-ROM software
which will enable our customers to deal more easily with the drawing upof reports in relation to the PRTR Law (law dealing with the improvement
and promotion of procedures to do with ascertaining and managing
volumes of specially designated chemical substances to be released into
the environment).
This law came into effect as of April 2001 and makes it legallyobligatory for all businesses concerned to file an annual report with theirlocal authorities on the amounts released and movement thereof of all thesubstances specified therein. Using our software on their PCs, customers
can easily draw up this report giving details on the daily management ofthese substances and composite statistics relating to each item. It also has asupplementary pharmaceuticals stock managing function, which enables
you to manage both substances andgoods. In addition, there is another optionthat allows you to include generalbusiness data. By using this software, you
can expect to achieve more effective
environmental risk management throughgreater efficiency andstrict accuracy in taking
care of your businessaffairs.

Kanden L-Garden, Co., Ltd.
Tom’s Garden
Kanden L-GardenCo., Ltd. runs a garden center called Tom’s
Garden which aims to offer a comfortable shop environment andgardening therapy to the elderly and the physically challenged.
We are also involved in research into ‘barrier free’ gardening.
That is to say that, at Tom’s Garden, at the same time selling
ornamental flowers, trees and gardening materials, we also give
advice on how people confined to wheelchairs may enjoy
flowers and greenery and advise on gardening styles and garden
creations that everyone can enjoy. In addition, we also gather anddisplay gardening tools that may be used by anyone, regardlessof disability. We develop and sell wooden flowerbeds for use bypeople with wheelchairs and shovels for those who have trouble
using their hands. And we
also sell tableware withplant, flower or green
motifs and miscellaneousinterior goods imported
from Italy so that people
may enjoy the world of
flowers and greenery intheir own homes.

Flower beds and shovels that areeasy on the wrist forpeople confined to wheelchairs

Support software for PRTR management

KANSAI TECH CORPORATION
Development and Sales of GTI High Capacity Incinerator
Here at Kansai Tech Corporation, we build and sell high capacity gas,
two-stage incinerators for medium-sized plants that conform well with the
new standards set for emissions of dioxins.
This incinerator combines a gas-type incinerator with a two-stage
incinerator to dispose of waste in a two-stage process enabling you toburn highly molecular waste such as plastics, wood, paper and liquids
safely and efficiently.
It completely incinerates these types of waste product, allowing you
to keep the level of dioxins in the fumes given off down to below a mere
1ng-TEQ/m3N.
Our customers have included the Osaka Prefecutural Government,
which chose our incinerator for its No.1 Furnace after the amendment of
the Waste Disposal and Public Cleansing Law. We are proud to say that
our incinerators have been evaluated as exceeding the new standards set
for environmental
impact and that wehave a proven trackrecord in the design,
installation, testing andmaintenance of suchmachinery.
GTI High Capacity
Incinerator

TOKO SEIKI INC.
Development and sale ofsimple electricity volume display devices
In February 1999, Toko Seiki released the Ecowatt, a simple
electricity volume display device that encourages consumers to
be energy-conscious by allowing them to see how much power
their home appliances are using.
The Ecowatt shows the accumulated electricity costs,
electricity consumed, and amount of time used for eachappliance in the home, making it easy for anyone to see theamount of electricity and electricity costs of their home
appliances.
For example, you can raise or lower the temperature on yourair conditioner or heater and see, in actual electricity costs, howmuch you will save by doing
so. This makes it possible tosave energy and electricity
costs and see just how muchthey are contributing toprotecting the Earth’s
environment.

Ecowatt76

What the Kansai Electric Group is DoingKINDEN CORPORATION
Recycling coal ash as filler for propulsion pipes forunderground electric lines
Kinden Corporation has taken the coal ash generated at coalpowered fossil fuel power stations and is using it to fill the
propulsion pipes that are used to run electric wires underground.
Previously, companies made underground electrical pipelines using non-cut-and-cover conduit excavation technology,
placing many porous electrical pipes
inside the propulsion pipe and thensecuring this by filling the pipe with ahardening agent such as mortar.
However, with the increasing congestionof facilities underground, demand arose
for a filler that generated little heat andthat had high fluidity in order to makeeffective use of the propulsion pipes andcope with the long distances to be filled.
In addition to generating little heatand having high fluidity, the newly
developed filler makes good use of coalash, a designated by-product of coalpowered electricity.

Filling work

NIHON ARM CO., LTD.
Manufacture and sale of steel pipe pillars forsoft underground construction
Nihon Arm Co., Ltd. builds steel pipe pillars with built-in cables
for high and low tension power lines. The company has built
these all over Japan, in city centers, residential areas, and inhistorical and tourist sites, always ensuring that their products
match the particular needs and scenery of each location.
The company used its experience to develop a steel pipe
pillar suitable for use in the type of “soft undergroundconstruction” based on the New Power Line Underground Plan,
which was created by various government agencies andministries at the end of fiscal 1998.
Soft underground construction is a flexible
underground wiring method in which various
types of wiring can be combined, such as joining
overhead lines with back street power lines andincoming lines. The goal is to match the wiringand power lines to the specific situation of thelocation.
Nihon Arm will manufacture and sell lowcost, compact steel pipe pillars for softunderground construction that blend in withoutdoor lighting and match the surrounding
environment.
Steel pipe pillar in Kobe’s Chinatown

77

TOKAI DENGYO CO., LTD.
Manufacture and sale of bamboo charcoal
As one way to make efficient and environmentally friendly useof the bamboo trees that are cut down to make way for electrical
power lines, Kansai Electric contracted Tokai Dengyo Co., Ltd.
to carry out research on carbonizing bamboo to create a new kindof charcoal called “bamboo charcoal.”
The research revealed the possibility of manufacturing thissuperb bamboo charcoal, which boasts the same quality as theextremely popular Bincho charcoal. In 2000, the company began
full-fledged manufacture and sale of the product, called
Chikutan, which comes in two types: one for cooking andanother for bath freshening and deodorizing. The company hopesthat its bamboo charcoal can contribute to saving the earth byeffectively reusing valuable resources.

Bamboocharcoal

KANDEN L-FARM
Making effective use of dam driftwood
Established as the first start-up company in January 2000 underKansai Electric Entrepreneurial Opportunity System, Kanden LFarm takes unused natural wood, such as that trapped by dams athydroelectric power stations, and disposes of it using theenvironmentally friendly bioregion method.
Bioregions are a key to creating metabolic societies on a
local scale. As part of its own management policy, companies
consider things like ecology, geography, microorganisms, andlocal artisans, all those valuable resources that make each region
unique. Companies thus work independently to contribute to thecreation of a metabolic society.
The company’s main products include barn bedding that iseasy on the environment and livestock, raw material for compost,and soil improvement agents for gardening. The company also
operates a farm forthe purpose of
studying the idea of
returningwood
products to the soil.

What the Kansai Electric Group is Doing

Kansai Environmental Engineering Center Co., Ltd.
Study on Overseas Business related to Afforestation
In 1999, the Kansai Environmental Engineering Center embarked
on a feasibility study, the CFC (Carbon sequestration Project byForestation and Carbonization), which aims at afforestation toachieve sustainable timber production at the same time assequestered CO2 sinks.
By making afforested tree into charcoal, which is semipermanently deactivated the CO 2, and by using charcoal as
medium to improve the soil and to purify water, we can makelumber industry being more sustainable. The Kansai ElectricGroup has determined that this research can be put to practicalbusiness use, as the technology involved is simple andexpectations with regard to this project are high.
From 1999 to 2000, under a commission from theEnvironmental Agency (now, the Ministry of the Environment)
we carried out a business feasibility study targeting Malaysia(see Figure 51).
Furthermore, we will also carry out a similar feasibility
study on the use of biomass in carbonization and the power
generation in Indonesia under a commission from the Ministry of
the Environment.

■ Outline of business feasibility study in Malaysia
Contents
Project nameKansai Environmental Engineering Center Co., Ltd.
Participation in Project to Tackle Global Warming
through Forest Carbonization
In October 2000, in consideration of future business activities
overseas, the Kansai Environmental Engineering Center sent
researchers to the Research Institute of Innovative Technology
for the Earth (RITE), which is conducting the Development ofTechnology for Creating Compound Environment Measures suchas Preventing Global Warming Through Tree Carbonization.
This work is taking place under the framework on guidance
research related to environmental industry technology, which isrun by the New Energy and Industrial Technology Development
Organization (NEDO). Among the responsibilities of ourmembers are selecting carbon fixing plants and developing
effective charcoal compost manufacturing methods.

■ Outline of project to create anti-warming measuresthrough carbonization of things like trees
Contents
Project name

Development of Technology for Creating Compound
Environmental Measures such as Preventing Global
Warming through the Carbonization of Things like Trees

Implementing
organization

Research Institute of Innovative Technology for the
Earth (RITE)

Participatingcompanies, etc.

Kansai Environmental Engineering Center Co., Ltd.
Wood Research Institute, Kyoto University
Ebara Corporation

Project contents

In order to gather, fix, and deactivate large amounts of
CO2, confine carbon long-term by carbonizing thecarbon fixed within plants, and develop effective uses
for charcoal such as purifying water and improvingsoil. In addition to this long-term deactivation of CO2,
carry out basic research that will be useful in creating
measures for things like preventing pollution andprotecting the environment.

Duration of the project

September, 2000-March, 2003 (planned)

Business feasibility study on CO2 fixation
afforestation that makes possible sustainable
manufacturing using carbonization

Participating
Japanese companies

Kansai Environmental Engineering Center Co., Ltd.

Cooperative body

Ta-Ann Group, Malaysia

Project contents

Feasibility study of afforestation business, whichmakes possible a sustainable lumber industry andCO2 fixation by making afforested tree into charcoal,
which is semi-permanently deactivated the CO2, andby using charcoal as medium to improve the soil andto purify water.

Site

Sarawak Province, Malaysia

Duration of the project

September, 1999-February, 2001

■ Outline of business feasibility study in Indonesia
Contents
Project name

Feasibility study on carbonization and in productionof electric power utilizing biomass

Participating
Japanese companies

Kansai Environmental Engineering Center Co., Ltd.

Cooperative bodyMushiperusada Inc., Indonesia

Project contents

Finding effective use for the large amounts of waste
wood left over by Indonesia’s large-scale forestry
industry. Working on carbonization and the
production of electricity. Study on feasibility of
employing biomass in the power generation businessas alternative source of energy.

In addition to this, the Kansai Environmental Engineering Center
Co., Ltd. is also developing other businesses that will make apositive contribution to global environmental problems by
activities such as investing in companies like Natsource, a carbon
trader.

■ Conceptual illustration of CO2 fixation afforestation business that makes
possible sustainable manufacturing using carbonization (Figure 51)
Planting of acacia and eucalyptus trees
Cutting

Site

Province of South Sumatra, Indonesia

Duration of the projectAugust, 2001-February, 2002

Rotation

Paper and
pulp

chips

Planting
Plantations, cocoa palms, etc.

Bark and twigs, etc.

Carbonization
Cocoa palms
Plantations

Waste
products
Improvement of soil

Fuel

Facilities forprocessing
waste water

Charcoalcompost78

[Reference] History of Energy and Environmental Issues
Kansai Electric Power

Japan

World

1950s 1951 Kansai Electric Power Co., Inc. established.
1960s 1962 Direct burning of crude oil begun.
1963 R&D on flue gas desulfurization begun.

1962 Law Concerning Flue Gas Control enacted.
1967 Anti-Pollution Basic Measures Law enacted.
1968 Air Pollution Control Law enacted.

1970s 1971 Public Pollution Investigation Department established.
1972 Exhaust gas recirculation and two-stage combustion

1970 Water Pollution Control Law enacted.
Law Concerning Waste Treatment and Cleanup enacted.

methods introduced.

1971 Environment Agency established.

Use of naphtha begun.

1974 Total pollutant load control for SOx introduced.

1973 Public Pollution Investigation Department reorganized as
Environmental Affairs Department.
Use of NGL and LNG begun.
1974 Practical use of flue gas desulfurization facility begun.

1977 Strengthening of Environmental Impact Reviews inPower Plant Siting determined by MITI’s Ministerial
Council.
1979 Law Concerning Efficient Use of Energy enacted.

1972 Limitation of Growth Report presented by the Club of
Rome
United Nations Conference on the Human Environment
held in Stockholm.
1973 First oil crisis.
1979 Second oil crisis.
Accident at Three Mile Island Nuclear Power Plant inUSA.

R&D on flue gas denitrification facility begun.
1975 Environment Month introduced as an annual event.
1979 Low-NOx burners introduced.
1980s 1980 Flue gas denitrification facility implemented.
1984 Deming Award for TQC activities received.
1988 New corporate management plan Vision for the Year
2030 released.

1981 Total pollutant load control for NOx introduced.
1984 Details on environmental impact assessment determinedby the Cabinet.
1989 Ministerial Committee on Global Environmental
Protection established.

1985 Vienna Convention for Protection of the Ozone Layer
adopted.
1986 Accident at Chernobyl Nuclear Power Plant in former
USSR.
1987 Montreal Protocol adopted.
1988 Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC)
established.

1990s 1990 Global Environmental Project Promotion Conference
established.
Five Basic Principles of Action Plan for Global

1990 Action Program to Arrest Global Warming adopted.
Global Environment Forum Kansai established.
1991 Global Environment Charter adopted by Keidanren (the1990 Second World Climate Conference held (IPCC’sinterim assessment report presented).
1991 Intergovernmental Negotiating Committee of the
Framework Convention on Climate Change begun.

Environmental Considerations adopted.

Federation of Economic Organizations).

Environmental Technology Research Center opened.

Law Concerning Promotion of Reprocessed Resource Use 1992 United Nations Conference on Environment andResearch and development of flue gas carbon dioxideenacted.

recovery system begun.

Law Concerning Waste Treatment and Cleanup revised.

1991 Kansai Electric Power Co., Inc. Action Plan for Global
Environmental Considerations adopted .
1993 Kansai Electric’s Mid-Term Action Plan for Global
Environmental Considerations adopted.
1995 New ERA Strategy (Global Warming Prevention
Measures) formulated.
1996 Power Plant Sites/Global Environmental Promotion
Conference established.
(Global Environmental Project Promotion Conference

Act Charter adopted by Global Environment Forum
Kansai.
1992 Law on Protection of Endangered Flora and Fauna
enacted.
1993 Temporary Law Concerning the Promotion of Business

Development (UNCED) held in Rio de Janeiro.
1994 Framework Convention on Climate Change (FCCC)
effected.
1995 First Conference of the Parties (COP1) to the FCCC.
IPCC Second Assessment Report presented.
1996 Second Conference of the Parties (COP2) to the FCCC.
ISO Environment Management System andActivities in Regard to Economizing the Use of Energy

Environment Auditing established.

and the Utilization of Recycled Resources adopted.

1997 UN General Assembly Special Session on

Basic Environmental Law adopted.
1994 Global Environment Forum-Kansai reorganized.

abolished.)

Action plans for each country presented, based on

New Mid-Term Action Plan for Global Environmental

Framework Convention on Climate Change.

Considerations adopted.

Basic Environment Plan formulated.
1995 Law on the Classified Collection of Container andPackaging Waste, and the Promotion of Recycling
adopted.
AIJ Japan Program launched.

Environment.
Third Conference of the Parties for Framework
Convention on Climate Change (Global Warming
Prevention Conference in Kyoto: COP3).
1998 Fourth Conference of the Parties for Framework
Convention on Climate Change (COP4).
1999 Fifth Conference of the Parties for Framework
Convention on Climate Change in Bonn (COP5).

Kansai Electric Power

Japan

World

1996 JIS Environment Management System and Environment

1990s

Auditing established.
Environmental Action Program of Electricity Utilities
Industry formulated.
1997 Environmental Impact Assessment Law enacted.
Federation of Economic Organization’s Environmental
Autonomy Action Plan formulated.
Electric Utilities Industry Law amended.
1998 Law Concerning the Rational Use of Energy amended(enacted April 1999).
Outline for Promotion of Efforts to Prevent Global
Warming decided.
Law Concerning Promotion of Measures to Cope with
Global Warming formulated (enacted April 1999).
1999 Basic Policies Relating to Global Warming determined by
Cabinet.
Law Concerning Special Measures Against Dioxins
enacted.
Japan’s PRTR Law enacted.
Accident at JCO uranium processing plant.
2000s 2000 Kansai Electric’s Action Plan for Global Environmental

2000 Metabolic Society Creation Promotion Law enacted.

Considerations revised.

Cabinet decision on Basic Environment Plan

Eco Action 2000 adopted.

Long-term plan regarding research into nuclear power

Nuclear Power and Environmental Committee

and development and its use (New Long-Term Plan)established.

enacted.

(Power Plant Sites/Global Environmental Promotion
Conference abolished.)

2000 Sixth Conference of the Parties for Framework
Convention on Climate Change in Hague (COP6).
2001 Reconvening of the Sixth Conference of the Parties for
Framework Convention on Climate Change.

Independent Opinion on Environmental Report

Regarding Kansai Electric’s Opening up ofInformation on the Environment to the Public

Takashi Gunjima
Professor of Doshisha University

It is said that the environmental problems faced by the advanced industrialized nations all stemfrom the ‘the trilemma of the 3 Es’. That is to say, the problem is one of how to achieve a balance
between economic growth, energy resources and the environment.
Efforts on behalf of business in every sphere, both at home and abroad, have been redoubled in
response to the environment and the problems it faces around the globe. And this includes thework Kansai Electric has undertaken in relation to regional environmental problems. Their effort
in this direction has been conceptualized in a clear policy toward the environment. They havedrawn up an action protocol and have steadily achieved real results based on a plan of behavior
that lays down specific numerical goals. Greenhouse gases (the problem of global warming),
which find their origin in the problems of energy and resources, and waste products (the creationof a metabolic society) present us with the most serious of issues among the global environmental
problems we face today. Efforts have, therefore, placed emphasis on these very issues. The
problem is one of how to achieve a coaxial compatibility (mutual compatibility between businessand global management) between running a business whose main aim is to ensure a stable supplyof electricity to local residents and managing the environment at the same time (easy to say,difficult to do). It could be said to be the challenge of whether it is possible to develop as abusiness while reducing the greenhouse gases that are produced in supplying electricity.
This issue is being addressed through the New ERA Strategy. This is a strategy toward evergreater efficiency in the production and use of electrical energy; toward cutting down on the
production of greenhouse gases through the adoption of a ‘best mix’ strategy; and of achieving
zero emissions of CO2 both at home and abroad. While giving priority to this particular strategy,
we also have ‘Eco Action 2001’ which is a plan of action that addresses the whole range ofenvironmental issues.
The Year 2001 edition of the Environmental Report, the ‘Global Environmental Action
Report’, offers a unique examination of the issues faced. It combines a look at the various
activities that Kansai Electric has been involved in as an entire group and the way those activities
have been conducted on a multi-lateral, multi-directional platform with a very easy to understandpicture of how efforts as a whole have conformed to the guidelines lain down in the Ministry’s
own environmental report. To achieve a streamlined report of such a plethora of material is by nomeans an easy task. This, however, is one such example of the gathering and opening up of suchinformation to the public.

✂Please give us yourthoughts and impressions

Cut along dotted line

This report has been written in detail to help as many people as possible learn of theefforts Kansai Electric is taking to protect the environment. There may be, however,some points that are hard for the reader to understand, places where the information is
insufficient, or other deficiencies.
We would like to ask you to read this report and give us your frank opinions andimpressions so that we may use them for future reference. When you have finishedreading the report, please fill out the questionnaire on the back and fax it to thecompany’s Environmental Management Group.
We shall be sending some eco-goods free to all those who return this questionnaire
Thank you very much.

Environmental Management Group
Environmental Considerations Department
Kansai Electric Power Co., Inc.
FAX: 81-6-6441-3549✂

FAX: 81-6-6441-3549
To: Environmental Management Group, Environmental Considerations Department,
Kansai Electric Power Co., Inc.
Please check the items that most closely match your opinions or impressions.
I think this report is:□ Easy to understandReason:②□ Difficult to understand□ Fairly good

□ Not very good

□ Not goodDo you want to know more details? Please tell us the page number and describe
what you want to know more about.
Page④□ Average

What do you think about Kansai Electric’s approach to environmental problems?
□ Very good
Reason:③✂①Detailed description

Page

Detailed description

If there is something that you think does not need to be written in this environmental report,
please tell us what it is.
Please write the page number and give a description of the information.
Cut along dotted line⑤

If there is something that should be emphasized more or for which more PR is required,please tell us.
In detail:⑥

What in particular should Kansai Electric do in the future to protect the environment?
In detail:⑦

From what perspective are you reading this report?
□ A customer of the company□ Investor/shareholder□ A party doing business with the company□ Government employee□ Affiliated with an environment-related NPO□ Mass media-related person□ Corporate environment-related person□ Student□ Other (Explain:⑧)

From where did you learn about this report?
□ Newspaper/magazine□ The company’s website□ Heard from one of the company’s employees□ Heard from a friend or acquaintance□ Other (Explain:

)

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Occupation (Company name or organization):

Gender: □ Male □ Female✂

Thank you very much for your cooperation. If you do not mind,
please also fill in the following information.
Age:Main Places of Business
Headquarters
Kansai Electric PowerNew York OfficeKansai Electric Power
Paris OfficeOsaka Kita Branch
Osaka Minami Branch
Kyoto Branch

Kobe Branch
Nara Branch
Shiga Branch
Wakayama Branch
Himeji BranchTokyo Affiliated Branch

Tokai Affiliated Branch
Hokuriku Affiliated Branch
Wakasa Affiliated Branch
Karyoku Center

3-3-22Nakanoshima, Kita-ku, Osaka 530-8270
TEL: 06-6441-8821
Suite 2607, 375 Park Avenue,
New York, N.Y. 10152, U.S.A.
TEL: 212-758-3505
3, avenue Hoche, 75008 Paris, France
TEL: 1-4267-9301
3-9-3 Honjohigashi, Kita-ku, Osaka 531-8588
TEL: 06-6373-1541
3-9-5 Hamaguchinishi, Suminoe-ku, Osaka 559-0006
TEL: 06-6672-1301
579 Higashi-shiokojicho, Karasuma Nishi-iru,
Shionokoji-dori, Shimogyo-ku, Kyoto 600-8216
TEL: 075-361-7171
6-2-1 Kanou-cho Chuo-ku, Kobe 650-0001
TEL: 078-391-7211
48 Omoricho, Nara 630-8548
TEL: 0742-27-1237
4-1-51 Nionohama, Otsu, 520-8570
TEL: 077-522-2626
40 Okayama-cho, Wakayama 640-8145
TEL: 073-422-4150
117 Junishomae-cho, Himeji, 670-8577
TEL: 0792-25-3221
c/o Fukoku Seimei Building
2-2-2 Uchisaiwai-cho, Chioda-ku, Tokyo 100-0011
TEL: 03-3591-9261
2-27-14 Izumi, Higashi-ku, Nagoya 461-8540
TEL: 052-931-1521
1-2-13 Higashi-denjigatamachi, Toyama 930-8513
TEL: 076-432-6111
8 Yokota, 13 Goichi, Mihama-cho, Mikata-gun Fukui 919-1141
TEL: 0770-32-3500
c/o Dai Building
3-6-32 Nakanoshima, Kita-ku, Osaka 530-6591
TEL: 06-6459-0433

Main Offices
Kujo Office
Ogimachi Office
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Hirakata Office
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Sakai Office
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Habikino Office
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Fushimi Office
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Obama Office
Sannomiya Office

TEL: 06-6582-2881
TEL: 06-6373-3131
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Hyogo OfficeAmagasaki Office
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Shingu Office
Tanabe Office
Hashimoto Office

TEL: 078-681-3151
TEL: 06-6481-3961
TEL: 0798-67-3131
TEL: 078-912-2651
TEL: 0799-22-0605
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