カンキツ「はるみ」の摘果法と貯蔵法改善に関する
研究
メタデータ

言語: Japanese
出版者:
公開日: 2022-07-20
キーワード (Ja):
キーワード (En):作成者: 瀧下, 文孝
メールアドレス:所属:

URL

http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.12099/81598

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࢝ࣥ࢟ࢶࠕࡣࡿࡳࠖࡢ᦬ᯝἲ࡜㈓ⶶἲᨵၿ࡟㛵ࡍࡿ◊✲
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    ᖺᒱ㜧኱Ꮫ኱Ꮫ㝔㐃ྜ㎰Ꮫ◊✲⛉⏕≀⏕⏘⛉Ꮫ㸦㟼 ᒸ ኱ Ꮫ㸧℧ ୗ ᩥ Ꮥ
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࢝ࣥ࢟ࢶࠕࡣࡿࡳࠖࡢ᦬ᯝἲ࡜㈓ⶶἲᨵၿ࡟㛵ࡍࡿ◊✲
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℧ ୗ ᩥ Ꮥ
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➨㸯❶  ⥴ゝ࣭࣭࣭࣭࣭࣭࣭࣭࣭࣭࣭࣭࣭࣭࣭࣭࣭࣭࣭࣭࣭࣭࣭࣭࣭࣭࣭࣭࣭㸯➨㸰❶  ࢝ࣥ࢟ࢶ͂ࡣࡿࡳ̓ࡢ᦬ᯝἲ࡜⏕⌮㞀ᐖ࡟㛵ࡍࡿᩥ⊩ㄪᰝ࣭࣭࣭࣭࣭㸱➨㸱❶  ࢝ࣥ࢟ࢶ͂ࡣࡿࡳ̓ࡢᯞᚄࢆ⏝࠸ࡓ᦬ᯝᇶ‽ࡢ⟇ᐃ࡜ホ౯࣭࣭࣭࣭㸰㸯➨㸲❶  ࢝ࣥ࢟ࢶ͂ࡣࡿࡳ̓࡟࠾ࡅࡿ㈓ⶶ୰ࡢ㞀ᐖᯝⓎ⏕࡟ཬࡰࡍ     ࣏࢚ࣜࢳࣞࣥໟ⿦࡜ᯝᐇࢧ࢖ࢬࡢᙳ㡪࣭࣭࣭࣭࣭࣭࣭࣭࣭࣭࣭࣭࣭㸲㸰➨㸳❶  ⥲ྜ⪃ᐹ࣭࣭࣭࣭࣭࣭࣭࣭࣭࣭࣭࣭࣭࣭࣭࣭࣭࣭࣭࣭࣭࣭࣭࣭࣭࣭㸳㸷⥲ྜ᦬せ࣭࣭࣭࣭࣭࣭࣭࣭࣭࣭࣭࣭࣭࣭࣭࣭࣭࣭࣭࣭࣭࣭࣭࣭࣭࣭࣭࣭࣭࣭࣭㸴㸰ㅰ㎡࣭࣭࣭࣭࣭࣭࣭࣭࣭࣭࣭࣭࣭࣭࣭࣭࣭࣭࣭࣭࣭࣭࣭࣭࣭࣭࣭࣭࣭࣭࣭࣭࣭㸴㸲ᘬ⏝ᩥ⊩࣭࣭࣭࣭࣭࣭࣭࣭࣭࣭࣭࣭࣭࣭࣭࣭࣭࣭࣭࣭࣭࣭࣭࣭࣭࣭࣭࣭࣭࣭࣭㸴㸳
Summary࣭࣭࣭࣭࣭࣭࣭࣭࣭࣭࣭࣭࣭࣭࣭࣭࣭࣭࣭࣭࣭࣭࣭࣭࣭࣭࣭࣭࣭࣭࣭㸵㸯➨㸯❶  ⥴ゝ᪥ᮏࡢ࢝ࣥ࢟ࢶ᱂ᇵ㠃✚ࡣ 1977 ᖺ࡟ 20 ୓ 7 ༓ ha ࡟㐩ࡋࡓࡀ㸪2010 ᖺ௦࡟ࡣ 8 ୓ ha ࡟ࡲ࡛ῶᑡࡋࡓ㸬࢘ࣥࢩ࣑ࣗ࢘࢝ࣥࡢ᱂ᇵ㠃✚ࡣ 1973 ᖺ࡟ 17 ୓ 3 ༓ ha㸪⏕⏘㔞ࡣ 1975 ᖺ࡟
366 ୓ 5 ༓ࢺࣥࢆグ㘓ࡋࡓࡀ㸪ࡑࡢᚋ 2010 ᖺ௦࡟ࡣࡑࢀࡒࢀ 5 ୓ ha㸪࠾ࡼࡧ⣙ 80 ୓ࢺࣥ࡟ࡲ࡛ῶᑡࡋࡓ㸬࢘ࣥࢩ࣑ࣗ࢘࢝ࣥ௨እࡢ࢝ࣥ࢟ࢶࡢ᱂ᇵ㠃✚ࡣ 1982 ᖺ࡟ 6 ୓ 7 ༓ ha ࠶ࡗࡓࡀḟ➨࡟ῶᑡࡋ㸪2010 ᖺ௦ࡣ 3 ୓௨ୗ࡜࡞ࡗࡓ㸬2010 ᖺ௦ࡲ࡛ࡢ୺࡞࢝ࣥ࢟ࢶࡣࢼࢶࢲ࢖ࢲ
࢖㸪ࣁࢵࢧࢡ㸪࢖ࣚ࢝ࣥ㸪ࢿ࣮ࣈࣝ࢜ࣞࣥࢪࡀ୺࡞ရ✀࡛࠶ࡗࡓࡀ㸪21 ୡ⣖࡟ධࡾ㸪͂ࡣࡿࡳ̓㸪͂ࡏ࡜࠿̓㸪͂୙▱ⅆ̓࡞࡝᪂ࡋ࠸ရ✀ࡢ⏕⏘㔞ࡀቑ࠼࡚࠸ࡗࡓ㸬2017 ᖺ࡟࠾ࡅࡿ࢘
ࣥࢩ࣑ࣗ࢘࢝ࣥ௨እࡢ୺࡞࢝ࣥ࢟ࢶࡢ᱂ᇵ㠃✚ࡣ௨ୗࡢ࡜࠾ࡾ࡛࠶ࡿ㸬͂୙▱ⅆ̓(2,793 ha)㸪ࣘࢬ (2,244 ha)㸪࢖ࣚ࢝ࣥ (2,223 ha)㸪࣏ࣥ࢝ࣥ (1,701 ha)㸪ࢼࢶࢲ࢖ࢲ࢖ (1,599 ha)㸪ࣁࢵࢧࢡ (1,585 ha)㸪͂Ύぢ̓(867 ha)㸪 ࢱࣥ࢝ࣥ (780 ha)㸪࢝࣎ࢫ (534 ha)㸪ࣞࣔࣥ (524 ha)㸪ࣈࣥࢱࣥ (499 ha)㸪Ἑෆᬌ᯿ (481 ha)㸪͂ࡣࡿࡳ̓(471 ha)㸪ࣄࣗ࢘࢞ࢼࢶ (449 ha)㸬ࡇࡢࡼ࠺࡟㸪2000 ᖺ㡭ࢆቃ࡟᪥ᮏࡢ࢝ࣥ࢟ࢶရ✀ࡢᵓᡂࡀ኱ࡁࡃኚࢃࡾ㸪᪂ࡋࡃ㛤Ⓨࡉࢀࡓရ✀ࡢ᱂ᇵ᪉ἲ㸪㈓ⶶ᪉ἲᨵၿ࡟ࡘ࠸࡚ࡢヨ㦂ࡀồࡵࡽࢀ࡚࠸ࡿ㸬࢝ࣥ࢟ࢶ͂ࡣࡿࡳ̓ࡣ⌧㎰◊ᶵᵓᯝᶞⲔᴗ◊✲㒊㛛࢝ࣥ࢟ࢶ◊✲㡿ᇦ࡛⫱ᡂࡉࢀ㸪1999 ᖺ࡟✀ⱑⓏ㘓ࡉࢀࡓရ✀࡛㸪2017 ᖺࡢᅜෆ᱂ᇵ㠃✚㸪࠾ࡼࡧ⏕⏘㔞ࡣࡑࢀࡒࢀ 471 ha ࡜ 5,626 t࡜࡞ࡗ࡚࠾ࡾ㸪ᗈᓥ┴㸪ឡ፾┴㸪㟼ᒸ┴࡞࡝࡛୺࡟᱂ᇵࡉࢀ࡚࠸ࡿ㸬͂ࡣࡿࡳ̓ࡣᶞໃࡀᙉࡃ
࡚⏕⏘ᛶࡀ࠶ࡾ㸪ᯝᐇࡣ↓᰾࡛๤⓶ᛶࡀ࠶ࡾ㸪⢾ᗘ࡜㓟ᗘࡀㄪ࿴ࡋ㸪ከỒ࡛ࡌࡻ࠺ࡢ࠺⭷ࡀⷧ࠸ࡓࡵ㣗࿡ࡣᴟࡵ࡚Ⰻዲ࡛࠶ࡿ㸬୍᪉࡛㸪͂ࡣࡿࡳ̓ࡣ㝸ᖺ⤖ᯝᛶࡀᙉ࠸ࡇ࡜ࡸ㸪ᯝᐇࢧ࢖ࢬࡀᥞࢃ࡞࠸࡞࡝᱂ᇵୖࡢ㞴ࡋࡉࡀᣦ᦬ࡉࢀ࡚࠸ࡿ㸬ᯝᐇࡢ኱ࡁࡉࡣ཰㔞ࡔࡅ࡛࡞ࡃ㸪ရ㉁㸪㈓ⶶᛶ㸪ၟရᛶ࡞࡝ከࡃࡢせ⣲࡟ᙳ㡪ࢆ୚࠼ࡿ୺せᅉ࡜࡞ࡿ㸬ࡇࡢࡓࡵ㸪㐺ษ࡟᦬ᯝࢆ⾜࡞ࡗ࡚ᯝᐇࡢ኱ࡁࡉࢆᥞ࠼ࡿ࡜࡜
ࡶ࡟㸪㝸ᖺ⤖ᯝ᫝ṇࢆࡶぢᤣ࠼ࡓ╔ᯝ⟶⌮ࡀ㔜せ࡜࡞ࡗ࡚࠸ࡿ㸬ࡋ࠿ࡋ࡞ࡀࡽ㸪⌧ᅾ⏝࠸ࡽࢀ࡚࠸ࡿ᦬ᯝᇶ‽ࡣ㸪㐺⏝ࡍࡿ㝿࡟ປຊࡀ࠿࠿ࡿࡇ࡜ࡸ㸪⾲ᖺࡸ⿬ᖺ࡞࡝␗࡞ࡿᶞ┦࡞࡝࡟ࡣᑐᛂࡋ࡚࠸࡞࠸ࡢࡀ⌧≧࡛࠶ࡿ㸬௒ᚋ㸪͂ࡣࡿࡳ̓ࡢ⏕⏘㔞ࢆቑࡸࡋ࡚࠸ࡃࡓࡵ࡟ࡣ㸪᱂ᇵࢆጞࡵ࡚࠿ࡽ㛫ࡶ࡞࠸⏕⏘⪅࡛ࡶ㸪⡆᫆࡟⏝࠸ࡿࡇ࡜ࡀ࡛ࡁࡿ᦬ᯝᇶ‽ࡢ⟇ᐃࡀồࡵࡽࢀࡿ㸬ࡲࡓ㸪ᶞ┦ࡸᰤ㣴≧ែࡀ␗࡞ࡿ࡜ᯝᐇࢧ࢖ࢬࡸᙧ㉁ࡀ␗࡞ࡿࡇ࡜ࡀ▱ࡽࢀ࡚࠾ࡾ㸪ᶞ┦࡟ᛂࡌ࡚㐺ṇ࡟㐺⏝࡛ࡁࡿ᦬ᯝᇶ‽ࡢ㛤Ⓨࡀồࡵࡽࢀࡿ㸬͂ࡣࡿࡳ̓ࡢ཰✭ᮇࡣ᱂ᇵ㐺ᆅ࡟࠾࠸࡚ 1 ᭶࡛㸪㈓ⶶᚋࡢῶ㓟≧ἣ࡟ᛂࡌ࡚ 2 ᭶࠿ࡽ 3 ᭶࡟ฟⲴࡉࢀࡿ㸬ࡋ࠿ࡋ㸪1 ᭶࡟ᐮἼ࡟ぢ⯙ࢃࢀࡿᆅᇦࡸᖺ࡟࠾࠸࡚㸪ணᐃࡼࡾࡶ᪩ᮇ࡟཰✭ࡍࡿᚲせࡀ⏕ࡌࡿ㸬ࡲࡓ㸪ᆅ⌫つᶍ࡛ࡢᬮ໬ࡢ㐍⾜➼࡟ࡼࡿ⛅෤Ꮨࡢ㧗ࡣࢡࣛࢵ࢟ࣥࢢࡸ

Ỉ⭉ࢀ࡞࡝ࡢᯝ⓶㞀ᐖࢆຓ㛗ࡍࡿࡓࡵ㸪᪩ᮇࡢ཰✭ࡀồࡵࡽࢀࡿ㸬୍⯡ⓗ࡟཰✭᫬ᮇࡀ᪩ࡲ
ࡿ࡜ᯝᐇࡢ㓟ᗘࡀ㧗࠸≧ែ࡛཰✭ࡉࢀࡿഴྥ࡟࠶ࡿ㸬ᑠࡉ࠸ࢧ࢖ࢬࡢᯝᐇࡸ㸪ኟᏘ࡟ᙉ࠸Ỉࢫࢺࣞࢫࢆཷࡅࡓሙྜ࡟ࡶ㓟⃰ᗘࡀ㧗࠸ഴྥࡀࡳࡽࢀࡿ㸬ᯝỒ୰ࡢ㓟⃰ᗘࡣ㸪཰✭ᚋ㸪㈓ⶶ
୰࡟ᚎࠎ࡟ῶᑡࡍࡿࡓࡵ㸪཰✭᫬࡟㓟ࡀ㧗࠿ࡗࡓᯝᐇࡣ㸪㐺ษ࡞㓟⃰ᗘ࡟࡞ࡿࡲ࡛㈓ⶶࡍࡿ
ࡇ࡜࡛ฟⲴࡍࡿࡇ࡜ࡀ࡛ࡁࡿࡼ࠺࡟࡞ࡿ㸬ࡇࡢࡼ࠺࡟㸪͂ࡣࡿࡳ̓࡟࠾࠸࡚㸪㓟㧗ᯝᐇࡀቑຍ
ࡍࡿࡇ࡜ࡀண᝿ࡉࢀ㸪㛗ᮇ㛫ࡢ㈓ⶶࡀồࡵࡽࢀࡿྍ⬟ᛶࡀ࠶ࡿ㸬ࡋ࠿ࡋ࡞ࡀࡽ㸪࢘ࣥࢩࣗ࢘
࣑࢝ࣥࡸ͂ࡣࡿࡳ̓ࡢࡼ࠺࡟ᯝ⓶࡜ᯝ⫗ࡀ㞳ࢀࡸࡍ࠸ᐶ⓶ᛶ࢝ࣥ࢟ࢶࡣ㧗‵ᗘ᮲௳ୗ࡛ᾋ⓶ࡀⓎ⏕ࡋࡃ㸪㈓ⶶᮇ㛫ࡣ㛗ࡃ࡚ 2 ࠿᭶⛬ᗘ࡜ࡉࢀ࡚࠸ࡿ㸬௒ᚋ㸪͂ࡣࡿࡳ̓ࡢ㈓ⶶᮇ㛫ࢆᘏ㛗ࡍࡿࡓࡵ࡟ࡣ㸪ᾋ⓶࡞࡝㈓ⶶ୰ࡢ㞀ᐖᯝࡢⓎ⏕᮲௳࡟ࡘ࠸࡚ࡉࡽ࡞ࡿゎ᫂ࡀồࡵࡽࢀࡿ㸬ᮏ◊✲࡛ࡣ㸪➨ 2 ❶࡟࠾࠸࡚㸪ࡇࢀࡲ࡛ࡢ࢝ࣥ࢟ࢶࡢ᦬ᯝἲ࡜㈓ⶶἲࡢ⌧≧࡜ၥ㢟Ⅼࢆ᫂ࡽ࠿࡟ࡍࡿࡓࡵᩥ⊩ࡢ᳨⣴ࢆ⾜࠸㸪௒ᚋࡢ᪉ྥᛶ࡟ࡘ࠸᳨࡚ウࡋࡓ㸬➨ 3 ❶࡟࠾࠸࡚ࡣ㸪͂ࡣࡿࡳ̓ࢆ⏝࠸࡚ࡇࢀࡲ࡛ࡼࡾࡶ⡆᫆࡟㐺⏝࡛ࡁࡿ᦬ᯝᇶ‽ࡢ⟇ᐃࢆヨࡳ㸪ᯝᐇࢧ࢖ࢬ㸪཰㔞ရ㉁࡟ཬࡰࡍᙳ㡪ࢆ᫂ࡽ࠿࡟ࡋࡓ㸬ḟ࡟㸪➨ 4 ❶࡛ࡣ㸪ྠࡌࡃ͂ࡣࡿࡳ̓ࢆ⏝࠸࡚㸪࣏࢚ࣜࢳࣞࣥໟ⿦࡜ᯝᐇࢧ࢖ࢬࡀ㈓ⶶ୰ࡢ㞀ᐖᯝⓎ⏕ࡸᯝᐇရ㉁࡟ཬࡰࡍᙳ㡪࡟ࡘ࠸࡚ㄪᰝࡋ㸪㈓ⶶᮇ㛫ᘏ㛗ࡢྍ⬟ᛶࢆ᫂ࡽ࠿࡟ࡋࡓ㸬
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➨㸰❶ ࢝ࣥ࢟ࢶ͂ࡣࡿࡳ̓ࡢ᦬ᯝ࡜⏕⌮㞀ᐖ࡟㛵ࡍࡿᩥ⊩ㄪᰝ
㸦Fruit thinning and physiological disorders in citrus variety ‘Harumi’㸧㸰-㸯 Introduction
Citrus production area in Japan reached a peak of 207.0 thousand ha in 1977 and then gradually
decreased to less than 80 thousand ha in 2010’s. Area and amount of production in Satsuma mandarin,
the major citrus variety in Japan, was 173.1 thousand ha in 1973 and 3,665 thousand ton in 1975.
However, they gradually decreased to less than 50 thousand ha and around 800 thousand ton in 2010’s,
respectively (MAFF, 2017). The largest production area of citrus varieties other than Satsuma mandarin
was 67.4 thousand ha in 1982 and decreased gradually to less than 30 thousand ha in the 2010’s. In
addition to Satsuma mandarin, Natsudaidai, Hassaku, Iyo and Navel orange were also the main citrus
varieties until 2010’s (Fig. 1). However, new citrus varieties such as ‘Harumi’, ‘Setoka’ and ‘Shiranuhi’
were released and their production area increased after the 21st century. The varieties and production
area of different citrus varieties in 2017 were ‘Shiranuhi’ (2,793 ha), Yuzu (2,244 ha), Iyo (2,223 ha),Ponkan (1,701 ha), Natsudaidai (1,599 ha), Hassaku (1,585 ha), ‘Kiyomi’ (867 ha), Tankan (780 ha),Kabosu (534 ha), Lemon (524 ha), Buntan (499 ha), Kawachibankan (481 ha), ‘Harumi’ (471 ha),Hyuganatsu (449 ha) etc. (Fig. 2).
Citrus variety ‘Harumi’ was developed and released in 1996 by Okitsu branch, Fruit Tree Research
Station, Ministry of Agriculture, Forestry and Fisheries (MAFF), (presently National Institute of Fruit
Tree and Tea Science (NIFTS), National Agricultural Research Organization (NARO)) and was
registered according to the plant variety protection law in 1999. It originates from a hybrid between‘Kiyomi’ tangor (Citrus unshiu × C. sinensis) and ‘F-2432’ Ponkan (C. reticulata). The production areaand production of ‘Harumi’ increased after 2001 and reached 471 ha and 5,626 t in 2017, respectively(MAFF, 2017) (Fig.3). According to Yoshida (2000) ‘Harumi’ is a mandarin-type cultivar and its average
fruit weight is about 190 g and fruit shape is oblate. The rind color is orange and it is easily peeling. Thefruit ripens in January and stored until the shipping time in February or March. The tree vigor is medium
and has semi-upright growth habit and a strong tendency to alternate bearing. It is resistant to citrus scaband moderately resistant to citrus canker (Yoshida, 2000). ‘Harumi’ shows a high rate of fruit bearing
and this trait often results in alternate bearing and a wide range of fruit size (Hisamatsu, 2005). As thefruit quality, the occurrence of physiological disorders and storage ability are closely associated with thefruit size, the control of fruit size is very important in citrus.

㸰-㸰 Fruit thinning
Fruit size among different citrus varieties differs drastically and standards of classification in citrus
fruits are defined as shown in Table 1 (MAFF, 1987). The most excellent fruit quality can be attained in
the specific class of its own variety. For example, generally fruit quality of S or M class is good in
Satsuma mandarin. In ‘Harumi’, negative relationship between fruit size and sugar or acid concentrationin juice was observed (Hisamatsu, 2005). In addition, rind puffing and granulation of juice sac weremainly observed in fruits bigger than 2L, or L size, respectively. Hisamatsu (2005) has comprehensively
judged that fruit quality was excellent in 2L class in ‘Harumi’. During fruit thinning, fruit that are too
small or too large are removed and the fruit number is adjusted. As a result, fruit size is equalized, andalternate bearing is prevented. In this section, fruit thinning criteria which can be used in ‘Harumi’ aresummarized.
㸯 Fruit thinning based on leaf and fruit balance
As fruit develops with the supply of carbohydrates translocated from leaves, fruit development greatly
depends on the amount of leaves. Thus, in order to equalize fruit size, the amount of leaves per fruit isequalized by fruit thinning. In other words, the balance between the fruit and leaf is adjusted based on
fruit thinning criterion. Therefore, the factors that affect fruit and leaf balance should be consideredduring the fruit thinning. Characteristics relevant to leaf are individual leaf weight, leaf area per leaf,
leaf number, total leaf area and leaf area index (LAI) etc. Though LAI has been measured by specialequipment (plant canopy analyzer), it can be determined using digital camera equipped with a fisheyelens and image processing free software (Hamada, 2020). Characteristics of fruit are fruit weight, fruit
growth period, dry weight percent etc. As the sugar content increases when fruit size becomes large,
more carbohydrates would be required. Thus, these characteristics should be considered in defining fruit
thinning criterion. Several fruit thinning criteria are listed in Table 2.
In order to clarify the appropriate range of fruit thinning criterion, the influence of leaf and fruit ratio(L/F) in number base on the yield, alternate bearing and carbohydrates content were investigated in
Satsuma mandarin. Iwasaki (1961) reported that the most desirable L/F ratio for the current year’s crop
was 20-25 for medium maturing Satsuma mandarin. Nishida (1978) suggested that maximum yield was
obtained in ‘Sugiyama’ medium maturing Satsuma mandarin when L/F ratio was 20 and that the L/F
ratio for the stable yield seemed to be 20 or more. Nishida (1978) also found that fruit quality increased
when nitrogen supply decreased, and L/F ratio was 30-40 in this treatment. It has been reported thatalternate bearing was prevented in ‘Miyagawa-wase’ early maturing Satsuma mandarin when L/F ratio
was set to 35 under the no plowing and less fertilization condition (Tachibana, 2004). Carbohydratecontent of leaves at harvest time and the blossom production in the following year was increased as the
L/F ratio increased (Shimizu, 1975). Though the leaf size of Satsuma mandarin varied depending on thestrain, L/F ratio as a fruit thinning criterion is set to 25-30 for early ripening Satsuma mandarin and 2025 for standard Satsuma mandarin (Kishino, 1985). Other definitions which indicate the balance of leaf
and fruit have been reported in Satsuma mandarin. They are fruit number per leaf dry weight kg (Hirano,1975), fruit number per 10000 leaves (Morioka, 1989), fruit number per leaf area (Tachibana, 2004) andfruit weight kg per leaf area m2 (Nishikawa, 2012).
As observed in Satsuma mandarin, there was also negative correlation between fruit set per 100 leaves
and the fruit size at harvest or the flower index in the following season in ‘Harumi’ (Muto, 2010). In‘Harumi’, ideal fruit weight and size are larger than those of Satsuma mandarin, while the leaf size issmaller than that of Satsuma mandarin. For these reason, L/F ratio in number is set to larger value in thefruit thinning of ‘Harumi’. Generally, L/F ratio in the fruit thinning of ‘Harumi’ is set to 100-120 (Banno,
2004: Sugiyama, 2011: Ikeda, 2010). This range of L/F ratio is also used in fruit thinning of other lateripening citruses such as ‘Shiranuhi’ and ‘Kiyomi’ (Ikeda, 1985: Kawase, 1999: Nokata, 1985).
Practically, experienced growers conduct fruit thinning by setting appropriate L/F ratio according totheir experience and intuition. If beginners in citrus farming carry out fruit thinning with their intuition,
excess or insufficient fruits may be thinned. Therefore, when the beginners use L/F ratio as the thinning
criterion, the task of counting fruits and leaves may be needed. Thus, assessment of L/F ratio has the
problem described above and this makes production of fruit with ideal size difficult in citrus. (Table 1)
㸰 Fruit thinning based on fruit number per canopy volume
Fruit number per canopy volume is also used as a fruit bearing standard in citruses. In ‘Harumi’,Fujiwara (2008) reported that excess flowers were observed when fruit number per one cubic meter ofcanopy volume were set to less than 10 in the previous year and that flowers were insufficient if fruit
number per canopy volume were set to more than 40 in the previous year. In their study, flower setting
was stable and large number of fruits of the L and 2L was obtained when fruit number per one cubic
meter of canopy volume was 20-25. In fruit thinning with fruit number per canopy volume, the amountof leaf per unit volume is supposed to be identical under different tree conditions. However, according
to Iwasaki (1966), leaf number per canopy volume decreases when canopy volume is more than 30 m3
in Satsuma mandarin. Another study indicated that yield per unit size of a tree increases until the 12
years old when the tree size is about 10 m3 in Satsuma mandarin (Yakushiji, 1970). Both results suggestthat leaf density tends to decrease in accordance with the increase of canopy volume and that therelationship between leaf number and canopy volume is not linear. This implies that fruit thinning withfruit number per canopy volume is not available in all tree conditions. In addition to this problem, it
takes time and effort to measure canopy volume and count fruit number per tree in this fruit thinning
method.
㸱 Estimation of amount of leaf

In fruit thinning with the criterion mentioned above, counting leaf number or fruit number of a tree
are laborious. Consequently, developing labor saving and objective thinning criterion are of great
importance to control fruit number and to produce fruit with ideal size.
The relationship among tree organs has been studied by several researchers in fruit tree. Pearce (1952)
studied the relationship between trunk girth and tree weight using allometric relationship W=AGb, (G;trunk girth, W; tree weight, A, b; constant). The relationship between trunk cross sectional area and tree
weight or yield was analyzed in apple (Ogata, 1986; Westwood, 1970). In apple, branch diameter wasused to draw tree structure (Takishita, 1995) and productivity was evaluated with tree vigor balance
defined as the ratio of branches to the main stem (Lee, 2015). In citrus, Hirano (1969) used allometry
equation to estimate leaf area based on relative growth theory. Also, leaf area was estimated by branchdiameter in ‘Harumi’ cultivar (Takishita, 2010). By using these techniques, the amount of leaf wasestimated easily. Then fruit thinning criterion would be defined as characteristic of another organ suchas branch diameter, resulting in that fruit thinning can be carried out without experience or counting
leaves or fruits.

㸰-㸱 Storage and physiological disorders in citrus
Fruits of very early and early maturing Satsuma mandarin are usually shipped soon after harvest
without storage. On the other hand, in some citrus varieties, such as medium maturing Satsuma mandarin
or late maturing citruses, fruits need to be stored until its moderate shipping time because fruit quality
at harvest isn’t suitable for shipping. In ‘Harumi’, though the maturation time is in January, fruit are
harvested in December to avoid the occurrence of physiological disorders or cold injury (Takishita,2006). When fruits of ‘Harumi’ are harvested earlier than the moderate time, the citric acid concentrationin the juice is relatively high for marketing. Thus, fruits need to be stored until citric acid concentration
decreases in the consumer’s limit. However, decay, weight loss and physiological disorders are often
observed during storage.
To extend storage period, relationships between storage ability and temperature conditions or
maturation stage have been studied in citrus. When fruits were pretreated at 20 degree centigrade, thenduration period was shorter, fruit weight loss and the degree of decay at the later stage was less, peelcolor turned to deeper orange and respiration rate during storage was lower than those pretreated at 10
degree in Satsuma mandarin (Hasegawa, 1984). Matsumoto (2019) found that the content of βcryptoxanthin continued to increase following 15 days of storage in fruit harvested when βcryptoxanthin was still being accumulated in ‘Aoshima’ Satsuma mandarin. Fruit of ‘Shiranuhi’ stored
at 12 degree centigrade with MA packing showed superior rind and flesh color and eating quality. No
incidence of decay and few rind oil-spots and calyx dies was observed in the long-term storage (Aikawa,2013).
Physiological disorders of peel, flesh and whole fruit occur during the fruit growth and storage.
Sunscald (sunburn) of fruit occurred in August and September under exposure to intense sunlight in‘Setoka’ (Hayashida, 2011). Rind color degradation was induced by exposure to sunlight in ‘Setoka’ andwas prevented by fruit bagging (Hayashida, 2011; Takishita, 2014). Rind color degradation in ‘Reikou’,‘Amakusa’, ‘Nankou’, ‘Tsunonozomi’ and ‘Miho-core’ was also prevented by black, green and pinkbagging (Takishita, 2014). Fruit suffered from these disorders have no influence on storage ability
because they are rotten and drop or removed by thinning and selection before storage.
Physiological disorders which occur in mature fruit before harvest can influence storage ability.
Physiological disorders of citrus during maturation or storage are listed in Table 3 and Fig.4. In someoverripened fruit, cracking of the peel was observed around calyx or surface of the peel in some specificcultivars (Takishita, 2020). Raindrops stayed within the cracking and this resulted in water rot (decay)
before shipping. The occurrence of water rot can be prevented by GA spray (0.5 ppm for Ponkan and
0.5 - 1 ppm for Beni-Madonna) before harvest (FAMIC, 2021). Fruit quality and the occurrence ofphysiological disorders were influenced by storing conditions. The occurrence of rind oil spots of Navelorange was low at high pretreatment temperature (20 degree centigrade). On the other hand, it was highat high storing temperature (9 degree) in Hassaku (Iba, 2078). The number of decayed fruits of ‘Yoshida’
Navel orange increased during storage as the temperature increased. The rind oil spots of Hassaku and‘Yoshida’ Navel orange were observed at the higher storage temperature than the room temperature(Tominaga, 1982). In some cultivars, occurrence of physiological disorders was influenced by fruit size.
For example, in ‘Harumi’, rind puffing and granulation of juice sac were a problem in large fruits(Hisamatsu, 2005). While large weight loss, peel wrinkle or collapse of juice sack were problems insmall fruit (Takishita, 2019) (Figure 4). Thus, the storing conditions should be adjusted according to thedisorder type.
Since 1990’s, new citrus varieties were developed and released and some of them used ‘Kiyomi’ orPonkan as parents. Sometimes, rind oil spots occur in ‘Kiyomi’ and water rot in Ponkan after harvest.
Ponkan is also susceptible to shrinkage and dehydration of juice sac in the early stage of fruit growthand granulation after maturation (Matsumoto, 1973). Both ‘Harumi’ (Kiyomi × Ponkan ‘F-2432’) and‘Shiranuhi’ (Kiyomi × Ponkan ‘Nakano no.3’) are the descendant of ‘Kiyomi’ and Ponkan (Matsumoto,2001; Yoshida, 2000). In both cultivars water rot at harvest is a big problem and GA spray (0.5 - 1 ppm)
before harvest is conducted to prevent water rot (FAMIC, 2021). Rind puffing is a big problem in‘Harumi’, but not in ‘Shiranuhi’. In the next section, studies on physiological disorders during storage
and the effects of PE wrapping on physiological disorders are summarized.
㸯 Rind puffing
Citrus are classified into tight-skin and easy-peeling (loose skin) type according to the easiness ofpeeling. Natsudaidai, Hassaku, Navel orange, ‘Shiranuhi’, and ‘Setoka’ belong to tight-skin type. For
easy-peeling citrus such as Satsuma mandarin, Ponkan, Iyo and ‘Harumi’, rind puffing is a big problem(Kawase, 1985; Nakajima, 2014). Rind puffing is characterized by the increment of inner-fruit space.
The increase of space between peel and flesh causes the decrease of specific gravity of fruit and theoccurrence of rind puffing (Yokoo, 1963). The fruits suffered from this disorder are easy to be injuredby physical shock during harvest and shipping and the cracking of the peel causes decay (Kawase, 1985).
Rind puffing was induced by high humidity during fruit maturation (Kawase, 1984; Kawase, et al., 1984;
Yokoo, 1963) and storage (Nakajima, 2014). Rind puffing of Satsuma mandarin can be prevented byspraying chemicals which are registered according to the agricultural chemicals regulation law. Someof them are Ca type such as CaCO3 (0.95%, 0.455-0.91%), or CaCl2 (0.09%) + CaSO4 2H2O (0.19%)(FAMIC, 2021). The spray of ethychlozate (67-100 ppm) or combined spray of GA (1-5 ppm) andprohydrojasmon (25-50 ppm) are registered and used for preventing rind puffing of Satsuma mandarin(Kawase, 1985; Sato, 2015; FAMIC, 2021). Easy-peeling citrus ‘Harumi’ has a wide range of fruit size,
and in large fruit, specific gravity was low and rind puffing was a problem (HIsamatsu, 2005; Takishita,2019). These results suggest that keeping fruit with high specific gravity is the key to prevent theoccurrence of rind puffing.
㸰 Dehydration and granulation of juice sac
Dehydration of flesh is classified into four types (Matsumoto, 1973). The first is granulation of juice
sacs which occurs in Sanbokan, Natsudaidai and many late maturing varieties before harvest. Thisdisorder is characterized by thickening and whitening of juice sack (Goto, 1983; Matsumoto, 1973).
Granulation was also observed in large fruit of ‘Harumi’ (Hisamatsu, 2005).
The second is shrinkage and gelation of juice sacs of Ponkan in the early stage of fruit development(Matsumoto, 1973).
The third is dehydration of juice sack in Ponkan (Matsumoto, 1973) , ‘Setoka’ (Nakajima, 2014) and‘Harumi’ (Takishita, 2019). Dehydration of flesh is distinguishable from granulation by the lack ofthickening and whitening of juice sack, but the mechanism is unclear (Matsumoto, 1973). Larger fruitsof ‘Harumi’ showed low specific gravity (SG) and high degree of dehydration of flesh (Takishita, 2019).
The fourth is the dry juice sac caused by freezing which is called cold injury (Matsumoto, 1973). In
1970’s, cold wave attacked citrus producing area in the western part of Japan. Dehydration of middle orlate maturing citrus was induced by low temperature in Natsudaidai, Fukuhara orange and Sanbokan(Iba, 1978). After fruit froze, dry juice sac or bitterness of juice occurred during storage in late maturingcitrus such as Natsudaidai, Hassaku and sweet orange. The mechanism and conditions of cold injury
were clarified (Fumuro, 2014; Nakajima, 1974; Uchida, 1983, 1984, Uchida et al., 1984). After fruit
froze, large cavity appeared in the inside of flesh segment and the structure of juice sack were destroyed(Nakajima, 1974). The decrease of specific gravity was observed corresponding to the degree of
dehydration caused by freezing, and fruit storage at lower temperature soon after frost damage showedslight occurrence of dry juice sack (Uchida, et al., 1984).
㸱 Influences of PE wrapping on the occurrence of physiological disorders
After harvest, fruit is deprived of water rapidly by evaporation or transpiration (Iba, 1978). Fruitweight decreased gradually if fruits were placed at high temperature and low humidity. Generally, PE
wrapping keeps fruit in high humidity and consequently prevents fruit weight loss (Iba, 1978; Tominaga,1982). The water loss induced different responses in fruit. In ‘Shiranuhi’, large weight loss and peel
wrinkle were observed during storage. These phenomena were prevented by PE wrapping in ‘Shiranuhi’(Nakajima, 2014) and indicate that the occurrence of peel wrinkle is induced by water loss in peel. The
dehydration of juice sac of ‘Setoka’ occurred in non-wrapped storage but was prevented by PE wrapping.
Thus, it was indicated that dehydration of flesh was caused by water loss in flesh (Nakajima, 2014). In‘Harumi’, small fruit showed peel wrinkle during storage, similar characteristic to ‘Shiranuhi’, and PE
wrapping was effective to decrease fruit weight loss. Large fruit of ‘Harumi’ had the trait of ‘Setoka’and suffered from dehydration of juice sac, and PE wrapping weakened the decrease of specific gravity
during storage until March (Takishita, 2019). Rind oil spots of fruits occurred in the non-packed fruits
but not in fruits packed with PE film in ‘Kawano’ Natsudaidai and ‘Miyauchi’ Iyo (Tominaga, 1982).
On the other hand, PE wrapping induced fruit decay of ‘Kawano’ Natsudaidai, ‘Miyauchi’ Iyo(Tominaga, 1982) and ‘Shiranuhi’ (Nakajima, 2014). In tight skin type of citrus, the adaptability of PE
wrapping was judged considering the degree of decay, rind oil spots and weight loss in each citrus. Rindpuffing (Nakajima, 2014) and granulation (Yasutake, 2015) of easy peeling citrus was induced by PE
wrapping. Thus, generally, PE wrapping is not recommended for easy peeling citrus. However, sincepeel wrinkle and dehydration were suppressed by PE wrapping in some cultivars as mentioned above,
details of the effect of PE wrapping needs to be clarified and the technique to decrease the demerit isrequired to keep fruit quality high in easy-peeling citrus varieties.

㸰-㸲 Conclusions
Many new citrus varieties were released since 1970’s and the production of these varieties increasedin the 21st century. In citrus, fruit size greatly affects fruit quality and storage ability. Thus, controlling
fruit size and producing fruit of moderate and equalized size by fruit thinning is very important. Whereas,
the present fruit thinning criteria for citrus needs laborious tasks. Few studies on the easy and objective
fruit thinning criterion, which can be available to different tree conditions, have been reported. In
addition, physiological disorders in peel or flesh during storage are unveiled and the favorable storing
condition has not been clarified for easy-peeling citrus yet. Since producing fruit with moderate size andkeeping them in high quality during storage are crucial for supplying high quality fruit, it is of great
importance to develop an easily available thinning criterion and improve storing condition of citrus fruit.
㸰㸳 ᦬せ͂ࡣࡿࡳ̓ࡸ࢘ࣥࢩ࣑࡛ࣗ࢘࢝ࣥ୺࡜ࡋ࡚౑ࢃࢀ࡚࠸ࡿ᦬ᯝᇶ‽ࡣⴥᯝẚ㸪࠶ࡿ࠸ࡣᶞෙ
ᐜ✚ᙜࡓࡾ╔ᯝᩘࢆ⏝࠸ࡿࡇ࡜ࡀᩥ⊩᳨⣴࡟ࡼࡾ᫂ࡽ࠿࡜࡞ࡗࡓ㸬ⴥᯝẚࡣⴥ࡜ᯝᐇࡢࣂࣛ
ࣥࢫࢆ♧ࡍᣦᶆ࡛࠶ࡿࡀ㸪ࡑࡢᐃ⩏ࡣᯝᐇ 1 ಶᙜࡓࡾⴥᩘ㸪ⴥ㠃✚ᙜࡾᯝᐇᩘ࡞࡝ᵝࠎ࡛࠶ࡿࡇ࡜ࡸ㸪ᐇ㝿ࡢ㐺⏝᫬࡟ከࡃࡢ᫬㛫࡜ປຊࢆせࡍࡿ࡞࡝ၥ㢟ࡀ࠶ࡿ㸬ᶞෙᐜ✚ᙜࡓࡾ╔ᯝᩘ࡟ࡘ࠸࡚ࡣ㸪ᶞ㱋ࡸᶞෙᐜ✚ࡀቑ኱ࡍࡿ࡜ⴥࡢᐦᗘࡀపୗࡍࡿࡓࡵ୍ᐃࡢ್ࢆ࡜ࡽ࡞࠸ࡇ
࡜ࡀሗ࿌ࡉࢀ࡚࠸ࡿ㸬ࡲࡓ㸪ᶞ඲యࡢ╔ᯝᩘࢆᢕᥱࡍࡿࡢ࡟ᅔ㞴ࢆక࠺㸬ࡇࢀࡽࡢࡇ࡜࠿ࡽ㸪ⴥ㔞࡟ᇶ࡙ࡁ⡆᫆࡟㐺⏝࡛ࡁࡿ᪂ࡋ࠸᦬ᯝᇶ‽ࡢ⟇ᐃࡀᚲせ࡛࠶ࡿࡇ࡜ࡀ♧ࡉࢀࡓ㸬୍᪉㸪͂ࡣࡿࡳ̓ࡣᐶ⓶ᛶ࢝ࣥ࢟ࢶ࡟ศ㢮ࡉࢀ๤⓶ࡀᐜ࡛᫆࠶ࡿࡀ㸪୍ᐃࡢ᮲௳ୗ࡛ᾋ⓶ࡀ
Ⓨ⏕ࡍࡿࡇ࡜ࡀ▱ࡽࢀ࡚࠸ࡿ㸬ࡲࡓ㸪͂ࡣࡿࡳ̓ࡢᯝᐇࢧ࢖ࢬࡣ S ࠿ࡽ 4L ࡲ࡛ኚືᖜࡀ኱ࡁࡃ㸪ᯝᐇရ㉁ࡸ㈓ⶶ୰࡟Ⓨ⏕ࡍࡿ⏕⌮㞀ᐖࡶࢧ࢖ࢬ࡟ࡼࡾ␗࡞ࡿࡇ࡜ࡀሗ࿌ࡉࢀ࡚࠸ࡿ㸬࣏࢚ࣜࢳࣞࣥ㸦PE㸧ໟ⿦࡟ࡼࡿ㈓ⶶࡣᯝᐇῶ㔞ࡸࣖࢣ⑕࡟ᑐࡋ࡚ᢚไຠᯝࡀㄆࡵࡽࢀ㸪୰ᬌᛶ࢝ࣥ࢟ࢶ࡟࠾࠸࡚ᗈࡃ⏝࠸ࡽࢀ࡚࠸ࡿࡀ㸪͂ࡣࡿࡳ̓࡟࠾࠸࡚ࡣᾋ⓶Ⓨ⏕ࡀၥ㢟࡜࡞ࡾ↓ໟ⿦
࡛ࡢ㈓ⶶࡀồࡵࡽࢀ࡚࠸ࡿ㸬ࡋ࠿ࡋ㸪↓ໟ⿦࡛ࡢ㈓ⶶࡣᯝᐇῶ㔞ࡀ኱ࡁࡃᯝ⓶ⴎ෼ࡀⓎ⏕ࡋࡸࡍ࠸ࡓࡵ㸪㈓ⶶᮇ㛫ࡣ㛗ࡃ࡚ 2 ࠿᭶࡜ࡉࢀ࡚࠸ࡿ㸬௒ᚋ͂ࡣࡿࡳ̓ࡢ㈓ⶶᮇ㛫ࢆᘏࡤࡍࡓ
ࡵ࡟ࡣ㸪㈓ⶶ୰ࡢ⏕⌮㞀ᐖⓎ⏕࡟ཬࡰࡍᯝᐇࢧ࢖ࢬࡢᙳ㡪࡜㸪ࡇࢀ࡟ᛂࡌࡓ㈓ⶶ⟶⌮ἲࢆ᫂ࡽ࠿࡟ࡍࡿᚲせᛶࡀ♧ࡉࢀࡓ㸬






20000

Production area (ha)Natsudaidai
Hassaku
Iyo tangor

15000

Navel orange
Shiranuhi

10000

5000

0
1960

1970

1980

1990

2000

2010

2020

Year





Figure 1: Production area of main citrus cultivars from 1960 to 2018 in Japan.






Shiranuhi
Yuzu
Iyo tangor
PonkanNatsudaidai
Hassaku
KiyomiTankanKabosuLemon
Pummelo
Kawachibankan
HarumiHinoyutaka
Sudachi
SetokaNavel orange
Shiikuwasha
Hyuga-natsu

Production area (ha)
3,000



2,000

1,000

0

Citrus typeFigure 2: Citrus production area other than Satsuma mandarin in 2017.









8000

Prefecture

Anual fruit production (t)

10000

6000
4000

2000
0
2000

2005

2010

Hiroshima
Ehime
Shizuoka
Wakayama
Aichi
Oita
MiyazakiFukuoka
Mie
Kagawa

2015

0

Year

500

1,000

Fruit production (t) in 2017


Figure 3: Annual (upper) and prefectural (below) fruit production of ‘Harumi’.




1,500



2,000





A

C

B




Figure 4: Reaction of ‘Harumi’ fruit to water loss during storage. After the storage without PE-wrapping, peel wrinkle (A), rindpuffing (B) and granulation of juice sac (C) were observed (Takishita et al., 2019).

Table 1 National standards of citrus fruit classes (MAFF, 1987)
Fruit maximam diameter (mm)Citrus group
I. Satsuma mandarin
II. Navel orange
III. Iyo tangor
IV. Hassaku

55
2S

<61

<67

<73

<80

<88

S

M

L

2L

3L

2S

S

M

L

2L

3L

2S

S

M

L

2L

3L

2S

S

M

L

2L

3L

2S

S

M

L

2L

3L

2S

S

M

L

2L

V. Ama-natsudaidai
VI. Natsudaidai<95<102 <109 <116 116<

3L

I.Ponkan, Fukuhara orange, Tankan, Seminole, 'Harehime' etc.
II.Hyuga-natsu, 'Kiyomi', 'Harumi', 'Setoka' etc.









Table 2 Overview of studies on fruit thinning criterion for Satsuma mandarin and citrus variety 'Harumi'
Citrus type

Criterion

Definition

Range

References

Satsuma mandarin(Citrus unshiu Marc.)

Leaf and fruit ratio

Leaf number / fruit number

20-30

Iwasaki, 1961

Indicator of fruit load

Fruit number / kg of dry leaves
Leaf number / fruit number

0-70
40-60

Hirano and Morioka, 1975

Leaf and fruit ratio

Leaf number / fruit number

30,60,100,300

Shimizu et al., 1975

Leaf and fruit ratio

Leaf number / fruit number

30-40

Nishida, 1978

Fruit load index (FLI)

Fruit number / 10000 leaves

300-1100Morioka and Yahata, 1989

Leaf and fruit ratio

Fruit number / leaf area (m2)
Leaf number / fruit number

0-25
35

Tachibana and Yahata, 2004

Fruit weight per leaf area

Fruit weight (kg) / leaf area (m2)0-2

Nishikawa et al., 2012

Harumi (Kiyomi × Ponkan Leaf and fruit ratio(Citrus reticulata Blanco))
Leaf and fruit ratio

Leaf number / fruit number

120

Banno et al., 2004

Leaf number / fruit number

100

Sugiyama et al., 2011

Leaf and fruit ratio

Leaf number / fruit number

100

Ikeda, 2010

Fruit and leaf ratio

Fruit set / 100 leaves

0-4

Muto et al., 2010

Fruit number per canopy
volumeFruit number / cubic meter (m3)

20-25

Fujiwara and Inoue, 2008






Table 3 Overview of studies on physiological disorders in citrus fruit during maturation or storage
Physiological disorder

FeatureCitrus type

Peel wrinkle

Occurrence of peel wrinkle

Rind oil spot

Collapse and browing of oil
gland

Nakajima, 2014
Takishita et al., 2019
Tominaga and Daito, 1982

Rind puffing

Occurrence of space between
peel and flesh

Satsuma mandarin, Harumi,
Fruit drying
Shiranuhi etc.
Kawano Natsudaidai, Miyauchi Non-seal-packing of PE
IyoHigh storage
Hassaku, Yoshida Naveltemperature
Easy peeling citrus
High humidity

Granulation

Thickenness, dehydration,
whitening of juice sackSanbokan, Natsudaidai

Overripening

Shrinkage and Gelation

Dehydration and gelation ofjuice sac
Shrinkage and yellowing ofjuice sackCollapse and dehydration ofjuice sackPonkanDrought

Matsumoto, 1973
Goto and Araki, 1983
Yasutake, 2015
Matsumoto, 1973

Ponkan, Setoka

UnclearCitrus species

Freezing

Dehydration of juice sackDry juice sac

Degradation of flesh

Collapse of juice sack structure Harumi

Fruit drying






Cause

References

Yokoo et al., 1963
Kawase, 1984
Kawase et al., 1984
Kawase et al., 1985
Sato et al., 2015

Matsumoto, 1973
Nakajima, 2014
Matsumoto, 1973
Nakajima et al., 1974
Uchida, 1983
Uchida, 1984
Uchida et al., 1984
Fumuro et al., 2014
Takishita et al., 2019➨㸱❶ ࢝ࣥ࢟ࢶ͂ࡣࡿࡳ̓ࡢᯞᚄࢆ⏝࠸ࡓ᦬ᯝᇶ‽ࡢ⟇ᐃ࡜ホ౯㸱㸯 ⥴ゝ࢝ࣥ࢟ࢶ͂ࡣࡿࡳ̓
㸦͂Ύぢ̓×͂F-2432࣏̓ࣥ࢝ࣥ㸧㸦͂Kiyomi̓ tangor 㸦Citrus unshiu Marcow.
× C. sinensis 㸦L.㸧Osbeck㸧 × ͂F-2432̓ponkan㸦C. reticulata Blanco㸧㸧 ࡣ㸪㎰ᴗ࣭㣗ရ⏘ᴗᢏ⾡⥲ྜ◊✲ᶵᵓ㸦㎰◊ᶵᵓ㸧࡟ࡼࡾ⫱ᡂࡉࢀࡓရ✀࡛㸪1999 ᖺ࡟ရ✀Ⓩ㘓ࡉࢀࡓ㸦ྜྷ⏣ࡽ㸪
2000㸧
㸬2017 ᖺࡢ᱂ᇵ㠃✚ࡣ 471 ha㸪⏕⏘㔞ࡣ 5,626 t ࡟㐩ࡋ㸪ᗈᓥ┴㸪ឡ፾┴㸪㟼ᒸ┴࡞࡝࡛୺࡟᱂ᇵࡉࢀ࡚࠸ࡿ㸦㎰ᯘỈ⏘┬⏕⏘ᒁᅬⱁస≀ㄢ㸪2017㸧㸬ࡋ࠿ࡋ㸪㝸ᖺ⤖ᯝᛶࡀ኱ࡁࡃ
㸦ྜྷ⏣ࡽ㸪2000㸧㸪ᯝᐇࢧ࢖ࢬࡀ S ࠿ࡽ 5L ࡲ࡛ᗈ⠊ᅖ࡟ศᕸࡋ㸦ஂᯇࡽ㸪2005㸧
㸪ᯝᐇရ㉁ࡀ
ࡤࡽࡘࡃࡇ࡜ࡀၥ㢟࡜࡞ࡗ࡚࠸ࡿ㸦Takishita ࡽ㸪2006㸪2019㸧㸬࢝ࣥ࢟ࢶ࡛ࡣᯝᐇࢧ࢖ࢬࡢㄪᩚ㸪㝸ᖺ⤖ᯝࡢ᫝ṇ㸪ရ㉁ྥୖ࡞࡝ࡢࡓࡵ᦬ᯝࡀᗈࡃ⾜ࢃࢀ࡚࠾ࡾ㸪᦬ᯝ⛬ᗘࡢᣦᶆ࡟ࡣⴥᯝẚࡀ⏝࠸ࡽࢀࡿ㸬͂ࡣࡿࡳ̓࡟࠾࠸࡚㸪Ṋ⸨ࡽ㸦2010㸧ࡣ㸪
1 ᯝᐇᙜࡓࡾࡢⴥᩘࡀ 100 ௨ୗ࡟పୗࡍࡿ࡜ḟᖺᗘࡢ╔ⰼࡀῶᑡࡍࡿࡇ࡜ࢆሗ࿌ࡋ࡚࠸ࡿ㸬ᐇ㝿ࡢ᱂ᇵ࡛ࡣ㸪͂ࡣࡿࡳ̓ࡢ᦬ᯝᇶ‽࡜ࡋ࡚ⴥᯝẚ 100㹼150 ࡀ᥇⏝ࡉࢀ࡚࠸ࡿ㸦ụ⏣㸪2010㸧㸬୍᪉㸪͂ࡣࡿࡳ࡛̓ࡣ⾲ᖺ࡜⿬ᖺ࡛ಶⴥࡢ኱ࡁࡉࡀ␗࡞ࡿࡇ࡜ࡀほᐹࡉࢀ㸪ᯝᐇ 1 ಶᙜࡓࡾⴥ
㔞ࡀ୍ᐃ࡛ࡣ࡞࠸ࡇ࡜ࡀᠱᛕࡉࢀࡿ㸬ࡋ࠿ࡋ࡞ࡀࡽ㸪ᶞ┦ࡢ㐪࠸࡜ⴥࡢ኱ࡁࡉࡢኚື࡟ࡘ࠸
࡚ሗ࿌ࡀ࡞ࡃ㸪ྛᶞ┦࡟ᑐᛂࡍࡿ᦬ᯝᇶ‽ࡀ⟇ᐃࡉࢀ࡚࠸࡞࠸㸬ࡲࡓ㸪᦬ᯝసᴗࢆ⾜࠺ୖ࡛ᯝᐇ 1 ಶᙜࡓࡾⴥᩘࢆᢕᥱࡍࡿࡓࡵ࡟ࡣⴥᩘࢆᩘ࠼ࡿᚲせࡀ࠶ࡾ㸪ከ኱࡞ປຊࡀ࠿࠿ࡿ㸬㏻
ᖖࡣ⤒㦂࡟ࡼࡾ┠ど࡛☜ㄆࡉࢀࡿࡀ㸪ಶேᕪࡀ⏕ࡌࡸࡍࡃ㸪ึᚰ⪅࡟ࡣ㞴ࡋ࠸㸬᦬ᯝᇶ‽࡟ࡣ㸪ⴥᯝẚࡢ௚࡟㸪ᶞෙᐜ✚ᙜࡓࡾ཰✭ᩘࡀ⏝࠸ࡽࢀࡿሙྜࡀ࠶ࡿ㸬⸨ཎ࣭஭ୖ㸦2008㸧ࡣ㸪͂ࡣࡿࡳ̓࡟࠾࠸࡚ᶞᐜ✚㸦m3㸧ᙜࡓࡾ╔ᯝᩘࡀ 20㹼25 ࡢ⠊ᅖ࡛ L ࡸ 2L 㝵⣭ࡢᯝᐇࡀቑ࠼㸪ḟᖺᗘࡢ╔ⰼࡀᏳᐃࡍࡿ࡜ሗ࿌ࡋ࡚࠸ࡿ㸬୍᪉࡛㸪ᶞෙᐜ✚ࡀ኱ࡁ࠸ᶞ࡛ࡣ
╔ᯝᩘࢆᢕᥱࡍࡿࡢ࡟ປຊࢆせࡋ㸪ࡇࡢ╔ᯝᇶ‽࡟࠾࠸࡚ࡶ⤒㦂࡟ࡼࡾឤぬⓗ࡟᦬ᯝࡀ⾜ࢃ
ࢀࡿ㸬
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ࡇࡢࡼ࠺࡟㸪͂ࡣࡿࡳ࡛̓ࡣ㸪⤒㦂ࡢὸ࠸సᴗ⪅࡟ࡶ฼⏝ྍ⬟࡞᦬ᯝᇶ‽ࡀᚲせ࡜ࡉࢀ࡚࠸
ࡿ㸬ࡑࡇ࡛ᮏ◊✲࡛ࡣ㸪ⴥᯝẚࢆᇶ‽࡜ࡋࡓ᦬ᯝ࡟࠾࠸࡚ⴥᩘࢆ⡆᫆࡟ᢕᥱࡍࡿࡇ࡜ࢆ┠ⓗ࡟㸪ᯞᚄ࡜ⴥᩘ࠶ࡿ࠸ࡣⴥ㔜࡜ࡢ㛵㐃ࢆㄪᰝࡋࡓ㸬ࡉࡽ࡟㸪ᯞᚄࢆᣦᶆ࡟ࡋࡓ᦬ᯝࡀᯝᐇရ㉁ࡸ⩣᫓ࡢ╔ⰼᩘ࡟ཬࡰࡍᙳ㡪ࢆ᫂ࡽ࠿࡟ࡋࡓࡢ࡛ሗ࿌ࡍࡿ㸬㸱-㸰 ᮦᩱ࠾ࡼࡧ᪉ἲ
㟼ᒸᕷΎỈ༊⯆ὠ୰⏫ࡢ㎰◊ᶵᵓᯝᶞⲔᴗ◊✲㒊㛛࢝ࣥ࢟ࢶ◊✲㡿ᇦࡢᅡሙ࡟᱂᳜ࡉࢀࡓ㸪
6㹼10 ᖺ⏕࢝ࣛࢱࢳྎ͂ࡣࡿࡳ̓ᶞࢆ౪ヨࡋ㸪2016 ᖺ࠿ࡽ 2019 ᖺ࡟࠿ࡅ࡚ヨ㦂ࢆᐇ᪋ࡋࡓ㸬౪ヨᶞࡢᶞෙᐜ✚ࡣ 2016 ᖺࡢ 4 ᶞࡀ 4.2㹼8.1 m3 ࡢ⠊ᅖ࡟࠶ࡾ㸪ᖹᆒ 5.9 m3 ࡔࡗࡓ㸬ࡲࡓ㸪
2017 ᖺ࡜ 2018 ᖺࡢ 16 ᶞࡀ 2.0㹼16.1 m3 ࡢ⠊ᅖ࡟࠶ࡾ㸪ᖹᆒ 7.5 m3 ࡔࡗࡓ㸬࠸ࡎࢀࡢᖺࡶ㸪ᶞໃࡀᴟ➃࡟ᙉ࠸㸪࠶ࡿ࠸ࡣᙅ࠸ᶞࡣྵࡲࢀ࡚࠸࡞࠿ࡗࡓ㸬⑓ᐖ⹸㜵㝖ࡣ㟼ᒸ┴ࡢ㜵㝖ᬺ࡟ᚑ࠸㸪❅⣲᪋⏝㔞ࡣ 10 a ᙜࡓࡾᖺ㛫 30 kg ࡜ࡋࡓ㸬๧ᐃࡣ㸪ᯞࡢ஺㘒ࡀ㢧ⴭ࡜࡞ࡗࡓ 2017 ᖺ࡟㛫ᘬࡁࢆ୺య࡟ᐇ᪋ࡋࡓ㸬ࡲࡓ㸪╔ⰼࡢ≧ែࡣ㛤ⰼᮇࡢ 5 ᭶୰᪪࡟ 5 ẁ㝵㸦1㸸ᑡ㸪2㸸ࡸࡸᑡ㸪3㸸୪㸪4㸸ࡸࡸከ㸪5㸸ከ㸧࡛㐩ほ࡟ࡼࡾุᐃࡋ㸪╔ⰼᣦᩘ࡜ࡋࡓ㸬ᶞෙᐜ✚ࡣ㸪᪂ᲈఙ㛗ᚋ࡟ᶞ㧗࠾ࡼࡧᶞᖜ㸦ิ㛫᪉ྥ㸪࠾ࡼࡧᶞ㛫᪉ྥ㸧ࢆᐃࡋ㸪ᶞ㧗×ᶞᖜ㸦ิ㛫᪉ྥ㸧×ᶞᖜ㸦ᶞ㛫᪉ྥ㸧× 0.7 ࡢᘧࢆ⏝࠸࡚⟬ฟࡋࡓ㸬╔ᯝᩘࡣ㸪⢒᦬ᯝᩘ㸪௙ୖࡆ᦬ᯝᩘ㸪཰✭ᩘࡢྜィ್࡜ࡋ㸪ᶞෙᐜ✚࡛㝖ࡋ࡚ᶞෙᐜ✚ 1 m3 ᙜࡓࡾ╔ᯝᩘ࡜ࡋࡓ㸬཰✭ᩘ࡜཰㔞࡟ࡘ࠸࡚ࡶᶞෙᐜ✚ 1 m3 ᙜࡓࡾࡢᩘ್࡛♧ࡋࡓ㸬ࡲࡓ㸪௙ୖࡆ᦬ᯝ࡟࠾ࡅࡿᶞ┦ࡢุูࡣ㸪ᶞෙᐜ✚ᙜࡓࡾ╔ᯝᩘ࡟ᇶ࡙ࡁ㸪100 ᮍ‶ࢆ⿬ᖺ㸪100㹼200 ࢆᶆ‽㸪201 ௨ୖࢆ⾲ᖺ࡜ࡋࡓ㸬᦬ᯝࡢ㝿ࡢᯞᚄࡢุูࡣ᦬ᯝ⿵ຓල㸦℧ୗ㸪2020㸧ࢆ⏝࠸࡚⾜࠸㸦➨ 5 ᅗ㸧㸪ุᐃ࡟⏝࠸ࡿ༙෇ࡢ኱ࡁࡉࡣᶞ┦㸪⢒᦬ᯝ㸪௙ୖࡆ᦬ᯝ࡞࡝ᑐ㇟ࡸ┠ⓗ࡟ᛂࡌ࡚ኚ᭦ࡋࡓ㸬ࡲࡓ㸪┠ⓗ࡜ࡍࡿᯞᚄࢆุูࡍࡿ㝿ࡣ㸪᦬ᯝ⿵ຓලࡢ༙෇ࢆᯞࡢඛ➃࠿ࡽᇶ㒊࡟ྥ࠿ࡗ࡚ࡎࡽࡋ࡚࠸ࡁ㸪༙෇ࡀ㝽㛫࡞ࡃࡣࡲࡿ఩⨨࡟ࡁࡓ࡜ࡁ㸦➨ 5 ᅗ୰ኸ㸧㸪ࡑࡢ఩⨨ࢆ┠ⓗ࡜ࡍࡿᯞᚄ࡜ุูࡋࡓ㸬ᯝᐇᩘࡣ㸪ᚋ㏙ࡍࡿヨ㦂࡛᫂ࡽ࠿࡜࡞ࡿ᦬ᯝᇶ‽࡜ࡋ࡚ࡢᯞᚄࡢ఩⨨࠿ࡽඛ➃㒊ศ㸦እഃ㸧࡟࠾࠸࡚㸪ṧࡍᯝᐇᩘࡀタᐃࡋࡓ್࡟࡞ࡿࡼ࠺ไ㝈ࡋࡓ㸬࡞࠾㸪᦬ᯝ࡟㝿ࡋ࡚ࡣ㸪യᯝ㸪ᴟ኱ᯝ㸪ᴟᑠᯝ࠾ࡼࡧ┤ᯝࢆඃඛⓗ࡟㝖ཤࡋ㸪᭷ⴥᯝ࡛ᙧࡀᩚ࠸኱ࡁࡉࡀᶆ‽ⓗ࡞ᯝᐇࢆṧࡋࡓ㸬཰✭ࡣ࠸ࡎࢀࡢᖺࡶ 12 ᭶୰᪪࡟⾜࠸㸪ࡍ࡭࡚ࡢᯝᐇ㔜ࢆ㟁Ꮚኳ⛗࡛ ᐃࡋࡓ㸬ࡲࡓ㸪཰✭ᩘ㸪ᖹᆒᯝᐇ㔜㸪࠾ࡼࡧ㝵⣭ L ࠿ࡽ 2L ࡟༊ศࡉࢀࡿ 180㹼250 g ࡢᯝᐇࡢಶᩘ๭ྜࢆ⟬ฟࡋࡓ㸬ࢹ࣮ࢱࡢᖹᆒ್㸪ศᩓศᯒ㸪ከ㔜᳨ᐃ㸪ࣄࢫࢺࢢ࣒ࣛࡢసᡂࡣ㸪ࣃࢯࢥࣥ⏝ࢯࣇࢺ࢙࢘࢔
Excel ⤫ィ㸦㸦ᰴ㸧♫఍᝟ሗࢧ࣮ࣅࢫ㸧ࢆ⏝࠸࡚ィ⟬ࡋࡓ㸬㸯㸬ⴥᯝẚ࡟ᇶ࡙ࡃᯞᚄࢆ⏝࠸ࡓ᦬ᯝᇶ‽ࡢ⟬ฟ
2016 ᖺ 7 ᭶୰᪪࡟㸪ᶆ‽ᶞ┦ࢆ♧ࡍ 10 ᖺ⏕͂ࡣࡿࡳ̓4 ᶞ㸦ᶞෙᐜ✚ᙜࡓࡾ╔ᯝᩘࡀᖹᆒ
148.5 ಶ㸧ࢆ౪ヨࡋ㸪┤ᚄ 0.3㹼1.5 cm ࡢᯞࢆ 1 ᶞᙜࡓࡾᖹᆒ 6 ᮏࢧࣥࣉࣜࣥࢢࡋ㸪ᯞᇶ㒊ࡢ᭱኱┤ᚄࢆᐃࡋࡓ㸬ࡑࡢᚋ㸪᪂ⴥ࡜ᪧⴥࢆࡍ࡭࡚ᯞ࠿ࡽྲྀࡾ㞳ࡋಶⴥ㔜ࢆ㟁Ꮚኳ⛗࡛⛗㔞ࡋ㸪ⴥᩘ࡜⥲ⴥ㔜ࢆ⟬ฟࡋࡓ㸬ᚓࡽࢀࡓࢹ࣮ࢱࡢゎᯒ࡟ࡣࣃࢯࢥࣥ⏝ࢯࣇࢺ࢙࢘࢔ Excel
2000㸦᪥ᮏ࣐࢖ࢡࣟࢯࣇࢺ㸦ᰴ㸧㸧ࢆ⏝࠸㸪ᯞᚄ㸦X㸧࡜ⴥᩘ㸦Y1㸧
㸪ࡲࡓࡣⴥ㔜㸦Y2㸧࡜ࡢ㛵ಀࢆ⣼஌ᘧ Y㸻AXB㸦1㸧࡟࠶࡚ࡣࡵ㸪ಀᩘ A㸪B㸪┦㛵ಀᩘ r ࢆィ⟬ࡋࡓ㸬ࡲࡓ㸪୍ᐃࡢⴥᩘ㸪࠶ࡿ࠸ࡣⴥ㔜 Y0 ࡟┦ᙜࡍࡿᯞᚄ X0 ࡣୖグᘧࢆኚᙧࡋ X0㸻10㹜{(logY0–logA)/B}㸦2)࡟ࡼ
ࡾィ⟬ࡋࡓ㸬ୖグヨ㦂⤖ᯝ࡟ᇶ࡙ࡁ⢒᦬ᯝࡢᇶ‽ࢆ┤ᚄ X0-0.1 cm ࡢᯞ࡟ᯝᐇ 1 ಶ╔ᯝ㸪௙ୖࡆ᦬ᯝࡢᇶ‽ࢆ┤ᚄ X0 cm ࡢᯞ࡟ᯝᐇ 1 ಶ╔ᯝ㸪࡜ࡋ࡚タᐃࡋࡓ㸬ࡉࡽ࡟㸪ᚓࡽࢀࡓ᦬ᯝᇶ
‽ࢆ 6 ᖺ⏕ᶆ‽ᶞ┦㸦ᶞෙᐜ✚ᙜࡓࡾ╔ᯝᩘ 124.5㸧2 ᶞ࡜⿬ᖺᶞ┦㸦ᶞෙᐜ✚ᙜࡓࡾ╔ᯝᩘ
58.7㸧3 ᶞ࡟㐺⏝ࡋ㸪7 ᭶୰᪪࡟⢒᦬ᯝࢆ㸪8 ᭶ୗ᪪࡟௙ୖࡆ᦬ᯝࢆ⾜ࡗࡓ㸬㸰㸬ᶞ┦ูࡢಶⴥ㔜ศᕸ㸪ᯞᚄ࡜ⴥ㔜ࡢ㛵ಀ࠾ࡼࡧᯞᚄ࡟ᇶ࡙ࡃ᦬ᯝ
2017 ᖺ 7 ᭶୰᪪࡟㸪7 ᖺ⏕࢝ࣛࢱࢳྎ‘ࡣࡿࡳ’16 ᶞࢆ⏝࠸㸪╔ⰼᣦᩘࡀ 3 ௨ୖࡢᶞ࡛┤ᚄ
0.7 cm ࡢᯞ࡟ᯝᐇ 1 ಶ╔ᯝ㸪╔ⰼᣦᩘࡀ 1㹼2 ࡢᶞࡣྠᵝ࡟ 2 ಶ╔ᯝ㸪ࢆᇶ‽࡜ࡋ࡚⢒᦬ᯝࢆ⾜ࡗࡓ㸬࠸ࡎࢀࡢᶞ┦࡟࠾࠸࡚ࡶᶞෙᐜ✚ᙜࡓࡾ⢒᦬ᯝᩘࢆㄪᰝࡋ㸪௙ୖࡆ᦬ᯝ᫬ࡢᶞ┦ุู࡟౑⏝ࡋࡓ㸬௙ୖࡆ᦬ᯝ᫬ࡢᶞ┦ุู࡛ࡣ㸪ᶞෙᐜ✚ᙜࡓࡾࡢᩘ್࡛௙ୖࡆ᦬ᯝᩘࢆ 5㸪཰✭ᩘࢆ 25 ࡜᝿ᐃࡋ㸪୧⪅ࡢྜィ 30 ࢆ⢒᦬ᯝᩘ࡟ຍ࠼࡚╔ᯝᩘࢆ᥎ᐃࡋࡓ㸬ࡇࡢ᥎ᐃ್ࡀ 100㸦⢒᦬ᯝᩘ 70㸧ᮍ‶ࢆ⿬ᖺ㸪100㹼200㸦⢒᦬ᯝᩘ 70㹼170㸧ࢆᶆ‽㸪201㸦⢒᦬ᯝᩘ 171㸧௨ୖࢆ⾲ᖺ࡜ࡋࡓ㸬ࡲࡓ㸪2016 ᖺ࡜ྠࡌ᪉ἲ࡛ྛᶞ࠿ࡽᯞࢆ᥇ྲྀࡋ㸪ᯞᚄ࡜ࡍ࡭࡚ࡢಶⴥ㔜ࢆᐃࡋ㸪ᶞ┦ࡈ࡜࡟ಶⴥ㔜ࡢࣄࢫࢺࢢ࣒ࣛࢆసᡂࡋࡓ㸬ᯞᚄ࡜ⴥ㔜࡜ࡢ㛵ಀ࡟ࡘ࠸࡚ࡣ⣼஌ᘧ㸦1)࡟࠶࡚ࡣࡵ࡚ಀᩘࢆ⟬ฟࡋࡓ㸬ᚓࡽࢀࡓಀᩘ࠿ࡽ⾲ᖺ࡜ᶆ‽ᶞ┦࡟࠾ࡅࡿᯝᐇ 1 ಶศ㸦ⴥ㔜 35 g㸧࡟┦ᙜࡍࡿᯞᚄࢆ㸪⿬ᖺᶞ┦࡛ࡣᯝᐇ 2 ಶศ㸦ⴥ㔜 70 g㸧㸪࠾ࡼࡧᯝᐇ 3 ಶศ㸦ⴥ㔜 105 g㸧࡟┦ᙜࡍࡿᯞᚄࢆ㸦2㸧ᘧࢆ⏝࠸࡚ࡑࢀࡒࢀィ⟬ࡋࡓ㸬ᚓࡽࢀࡓᯞᚄࢆ⪃៖ࡋ㸪
2017 ᖺࡢ௙ୖࡆ᦬ᯝࡢᇶ‽ࢆ㸪⾲ᖺࡀ┤ᚄ 0.9 cm ࡢᯞ࡟ᯝᐇ 1 ಶ╔ᯝ㸪ᶆ‽ࡀ┤ᚄ 0.8 cm ࡢᯞ࡟ᯝᐇ 1 ಶ╔ᯝ࡜ࡋࡓ㸬⿬ᖺᶞ┦࡛ࡣ┤ᚄ 1.2 cm ࡢᯞ࡟ᯝᐇ 2 ಶ╔ᯝ࡜ࡋ㸪࠸ࡎࢀࡢᶞ┦ࡶ 8 ᭶ୗ᪪࡟௙ୖࡆ᦬ᯝࢆ⾜ࡗࡓ㸬㸱㸬᦬ᯝᇶ‽ࡢᨵၿ࡜ᶞ┦࡟ᛂࡌࡓ᦬ᯝᇶ‽ࡀᶞయ࣭ᯝᐇ⏕⫱࡟ཬࡰࡍᙳ㡪2018 ᖺࡣ 8 ᖺ⏕࢝ࣛࢱࢳྎ͂ࡣࡿࡳ̓9 ᶞࢆ⏝࠸㸪⢒᦬ᯝࡢᇶ‽ࢆ⾲ᖺᶞ┦࡛┤ᚄ 0.8 cm
ࡢᯞ࡟ᯝᐇ 1 ಶ╔ᯝ㸪ᶆ‽ᶞ┦࡜⿬ᖺᶞ┦ࡢ╔ᯝࡀከ࠸㒊఩࡛┤ᚄ 0.7 cm ࡢᯞ࡟ᯝᐇ 1 ಶ╔ᯝ㸪⿬ᖺᶞ┦ࡢ╔ᯝࡀᑡ࡞࠸㒊఩࡛┤ᚄ 0.7 cm ࡢᯞ࡟ᯝᐇ 2㹼3 ಶ╔ᯝ࡜タᐃࡋ࡚ 7 ᭶୰᪪࡟⾜ࡗࡓ㸬௙ୖࡆ᦬ᯝࡢ⾲ᖺ࡜ᶆ‽ᶞ┦࡟࠾ࡅࡿᇶ‽ࡣ 2017 ᖺࡢ᪉ἲ࡟ᚑࡗࡓ㸬ࡲࡓ㸪⿬ᖺᶞ┦࡟ࡘ࠸࡚ࡣ㸪┤ᚄ 1.2 cm ࡢᯞ࡟ᯝᐇ 2 ಶ╔ᯝࡢᇶ‽࡟ຍ࠼࡚㸪╔ᯝࡀᑡ࡞࠸㒊఩࡛ࡣ┤ᚄ 1.4 cm ࡢᯞ࡟ᯝᐇ 3 ಶ╔ᯝࡉࡏࡓ㸬࠸ࡎࢀࡶ 8 ᭶ୗ᪪࡟௙ୖࡆ᦬ᯝࢆ⾜ࡗࡓ㸬2017 ࠾ࡼࡧ2018 ᖺ࡜ࡶ㸪᦬ᯝ⋡ࡣ㸪╔ᯝᩘ࡟ᑐࡍࡿ᦬ᯝᩘࡢ๭ྜ࡜ࡋ࡚ィ⟬ࡋࡓ㸬
2018 ᖺࡢヨ㦂࡛ࡣ㸪ⴥⰍ㸪ᯝᐇᶓᚄ㸪ᯝᐇရ㉁࠾ࡼࡧ⩣ᖺࡢ╔ⰼࢆㄪᰝࡋࡓ㸬ⴥⰍࡣ㸪ྛᶞࡢᮾす༡໭᪉ྥࡢ᪂ⴥྛ 5 ᯛ㸪ྜィ 20 ᯛࢆ↓సⅭ࡟㑅ࡧ㸪6 ᭶࠿ࡽ 11 ᭶ࡲ࡛㸯࠿᭶࠾ࡁ࡟ⴥ⥳⣲ィ㸦SPAD-502Plus㸪ࢥࢽ࣑࢝ࣀࣝࢱ㸦ᰴ㸧㸧࡛ ᐃࡋࡓ㸬ᶓᚄ ᐃ࡛ࡣ㸪ྛᶞ࠿ࡽᶆ
‽ⓗ࡞኱ࡁࡉࡢᯝᐇ 5 ಶࢆ㑅ࡧ㸪1 ࠿᭶࠾ࡁ࡟ᯝᐇࡢ᭱኱ᶓᚄࢆࣀࢠࢫ࡛

ᐃࡋࡓ㸬ᯝᐇရ㉁ࡢㄪᰝ࡛ࡣ㸪2018 ᖺ 12 ᭶ 11 ᪥࡟ྛᶞࡼࡾ 2L 㝵⣭㸦ᯝᐇᶓᚄ 8.0㹼8.8 cm㸧ࡢᯝᐇࢆ 2 ಶࢧࣥࣉࣜࣥࢢࡋ࡚ᖖ ࡛㈓ⶶࡋࡓᚋ㸪⩣ᖺ 1 ᭶ 4 ᪥࡟ᖹᆒᯝᐇᶓᚄ㸦D㸧㸪⦪ᚄ㸦L㸧
㸪ᯝᚄᣦᩘ㸦D/L㸧
㸪ᯝᐇ㔜㸪ᯝ⫗Ṍྜࢆᖖἲ࡟ࡼࡾ

ᐃࡍࡿ࡜࡜ࡶ࡟㸪ᯝỒࡢ⢾ᗘ࡜㓟ᗘࢆ᪥ᅬ㐃⢾㓟ᗘศᯒ⿦⨨㸦ᇼሙ〇సᡤ㸦ᰴ㸧㸧࡛ศᯒࡋࡓ㸬╔ⰼㄪᰝ࡛ࡣ㸪2019 ᖺ 5 ᭶࡟ྛᶞ࠿ࡽᖹᆒⓗ࡞㛗ࡉࡢ⤖ᯝẕᯞࢆ 5 ᮏ㑅ࡧ㸪㛗ࡉ㸪⠇ᩘ㸪࠾ࡼࡧ᪂ࡓ࡟Ⓨ⏕ࡋࡓ┤ⰼᩘ㸪᭷ⴥⰼᩘ㸪᪂ᲈᩘࢆㄪᰝࡋࡓ㸬㸱-㸱 ⤖ ᯝ㸯㸬ⴥᯝẚ࡟ᇶ࡙ࡃᯞᚄࢆ⏝࠸ࡓ᦬ᯝᇶ‽ࡢ⟬ฟᶆ‽ᶞ┦ࡢ͂ࡣࡿࡳ̓࡟࠾࠸࡚㸪ᯞᚄ࡜ⴥᩘࡢ㛵ಀࢆ♧ࡍ⣼஌ᘧࡣ௚ࡢᘧ࡜ẚ࡭࡚᭱ࡶ┦㛵ಀᩘࡀ㧗ࡃ㸪ⴥᩘ 100 ᯛ࡟┦ᙜࡍࡿᯞᚄࡣ 0.80 cm ࡜ィ⟬ࡉࢀࡓ㸦➨ 6 ᅗᕥ㸧㸬ࡲࡓ㸪ᯞᚄ
࡜ⴥ㔜ࡢ㛵ಀࡣྠᵝ࡟⣼஌ᘧ࡛┦㛵ಀᩘࡀ㧗ࡃ㸪ᯞᚄ 0.80 cm ࡢⴥ㔜ࡣ 34.1 g ࡜ィ⟬ࡉࢀࡓ㸦➨ 6 ᅗྑ㸧㸬ࡇࢀࡽࡢ⤖ᯝ࡟ᇶ࡙ࡁ㸪⢒᦬ᯝࡢᇶ‽࡜ࡋ࡚┤ᚄ 0.7 cm ࡢᯞ࡟ᯝᐇ 1 ಶ╔ᯝ㸪௙ୖࡆ᦬ᯝࡢᇶ‽࡜ࡋ࡚┤ᚄ 0.8 cm ࡢᯞ࡟ᯝᐇ 1 ಶ╔ᯝ࡜タᐃࡋ࡚᦬ᯝࢆ⾜ࡗࡓ㸬ࡇࡢ⤖ᯝ㸪ᶆ‽ᶞ┦ࡢᶞ࡟࠾࠸࡚㸪཰✭ᮇࡢᖹᆒᯝᐇ㔜ࡣ 214 g㸪180㹼250 g ࡢᯝᐇ๭ྜࡣ 75.1㸣ࡔࡗࡓ㸬୍᪉㸪ྠࡌ᦬ᯝᇶ‽ࢆ㐺⏝ࡋࡓ⿬ᖺᶞ┦࡛ࡣ㸪ᖹᆒᯝᐇ㔜ࡀ 279 g㸪180㹼250 g ࡢᯝᐇ
๭ྜࡀ 24.3㸣ࡔࡗࡓ㸬ࡇࡢࡼ࠺࡟㸪⿬ᖺᶞ┦࡟࠾ࡅࡿᯝᐇࢧ࢖ࢬࡀ┠ᶆࡼࡾࡶ኱ࡁ࠿ࡗࡓࡓ
ࡵ㸪ḟᖺᗘ௨㝆㸪ᶞ┦࡟ᛂࡌࡓ᦬ᯝᇶ‽ࢆ⟇ᐃࡍࡿࡇ࡜࡜ࡋࡓ㸬㸰㸬⾲ᖺ㸪ᶆ‽㸪⿬ᖺᶞ┦࡟࠾ࡅࡿಶⴥ㔜ศᕸ㸪ᯞᚄ࡜ⴥ㔜ࡢ㛵ಀ
2017 ᖺ࡟౪ヨࡋࡓ‘ࡣࡿࡳ’16 ᶞࡣ㸪⢒᦬ᯝᚋࡢᶞ┦ุู࡟࠾࠸࡚㸪4 ᶞࡀ⾲ᖺ㸪9 ᶞࡀᶆ‽㸪3 ᶞࡀ⿬ᖺ࡜ุูࡉࢀࡓ㸬ྛᶞ┦࡟࠾ࡅࡿಶⴥ㔜ࡢศᕸ≧ἣࡣ➨ 7 ᅗࡢ࡜࠾ࡾ࡛࠶ࡿ㸬⾲ᖺᶞ┦ࡢ᪂ⴥ࡛ࡣ 0.2 g ௨ୗࡢ༨ࡵࡿ๭ྜࡀ 56㸣࡟㐩ࡋ㸪ᶆ‽ᶞ┦ࡢ᪂ⴥ࡛ࡣ 0.2㹼0.3 g㸪⿬ᖺᶞ┦࡛ࡣ 0.3㹼0.4 g ࡢ㛫࡟ࣆ࣮ࢡࡀぢࡽࢀࡓ㸬ࡇࡢ⤖ᯝ㸪᪂ⴥࡢᖹᆒ㔜ࡣ⾲ᖺ㸦0.17 g㸧ࡀᶆ‽ᶞ┦㸦0.40 g㸧ࡼࡾ᭷ព࡟ᑠࡉ࠸ࡇ࡜ࡀㄆࡵࡽࢀࡓ㸬ᪧⴥࡣ๓ᖺࡢ᫓ⴥ㸪ኟⴥ㸪⛅ⴥࢆྵࡳ㸪ኟⴥࡸ⛅ⴥࡢ୰࡟ࡣ 1 g ௨ୖࡢࡶࡢࡶほᐹࡉࢀࡓ㸬ᪧⴥࡢᖹᆒ㔜࡛ࡣ㸪ᶞ┦㛫࡛᭷ពᕪࡣ
ㄆࡵࡽࢀ࡞࠿ࡗࡓ㸬඲ⴥ࡟ᑐࡍࡿ᪂ⴥࡢ๭ྜࡣ㸪⾲ᖺᶞ┦࡛ 62㸣㸦㔜㔞ẚ 39㸣㸧࡜᭱ࡶᑡ࡞
ࡃ㸪⿬ᖺᶞ┦࡛ 76㸣㸦㔜㔞ẚ 73㸣㸧࡜᭱ࡶ㧗࠿ࡗࡓ㸦➨ 7 ᅗ㸧㸬ᯞᚄ࡜ⴥ㔜࡜ࡢ㛵ಀࡣ㸪⾲ᖺ㸪ᶆ‽㸪⿬ᖺࡢ࠸ࡎࢀࡶ⣼஌ᘧ࡟㏆ఝࡋ㸪᭷ព࡞ṇࡢ┦㛵ࡀㄆࡵࡽࢀࡓ㸦➨ 8 ᅗ㸧㸬⣼஌ᘧ Y=AXB ࡟࠾࠸࡚㸪ᶆ‽ᶞ┦ࡢಀᩘ A ࡣ㸪2016 ᖺ࡟ 10 ᖺ⏕ᶞ࡛ᚓࡽࢀࡓ A ್࡜㏆࠸್ࢆ♧ࡋࡓ㸬⾲ᖺ࠾ࡼࡧ⿬ᖺᶞ┦ࡢಀᩘ A ࡣᶆ‽ᶞ┦ࡼࡾᑠࡉ࠸್ࢆ
♧ࡋࡓ㸬ྛᶞ┦ࡢಀᩘ B ࡣ 2.2 ࠿ࡽ 2.5 ࡢ⠊ᅖෆ࡟࠶ࡗࡓ㸬㸱㸬௙ୖࡆ᦬ᯝࡢᇶ‽タᐃ
2016 ᖺࡢヨ㦂⤖ᯝ࠿ࡽᯝᐇ 1 ಶᙜࡓࡾⴥ㔜ࢆ 35 g ࡜タᐃࡋ㸪2017 ᖺࡣⴥ㔜 35 g ࡟┦ᙜࡍࡿᯞᚄࢆᶞ┦ࡈ࡜࡟ィ⟬ࡋࡓ㸬ࡑࡢ⤖ᯝ㸪ᶆ‽ᶞ┦࡛ࡣ 0.80 cm ࡛㸦➨ 4 ⾲㸧2016 ᖺ࡟ᚓࡽࢀࡓ್࡜୍⮴ࡋ㸪┤ᚄ 0.8 cm ࡢᯞ࡟ᯝᐇ 1 ಶ╔ᯝ㸪ࢆ᦬ᯝᇶ‽࡜ࡋࡓ㸬⾲ᖺᶞ┦࡛ࡣྠᵝ࡟
0.89 cm ࡜⟬ฟࡉࢀࡓ㸦➨ 4 ⾲㸧㸬⿬ᖺᶞ┦࡛ࡣ㸪ྠࡌᡭἲ࡛ᯝᐇ 2 ಶศࡢⴥ㔜 70 g 㸪ᯝᐇ 3ಶศࡢⴥ㔜 105 g ࡟┦ᙜࡍࡿᯞᚄࢆィ⟬ࡋࡓ࡜ࡇࢁ㸪ࡑࢀࡒࢀ 1.17 cm ࡜ 1.38 cm ࡜࡞ࡗࡓ㸦➨ 4 ⾲㸧
㸬ࡑࡇ࡛㸪╔ᯝࡀࡲࡤࡽ࡞㒊఩࡛ࡣ㸪2017 ᖺ࡜ 2018 ᖺࡣ┤ᚄ 1.2 cm ࡢᯞ࡟ᯝᐇ 2ಶ╔ᯝ㸪2018 ᖺ࡟┤ᚄ 1.4 cm ࡢᯞ࡟ᯝᐇ 3 ಶ╔ᯝࢆ௙ୖࡆ᦬ᯝࡢᇶ‽࡜ࡋ࡚タᐃࡋࡓ㸬࡞࠾㸪2018 ᖺࡢヨ㦂ᶞࡣ㸪⢒᦬ᯝᚋࡢᶞ┦ุู࡟ࡼࡾ㸪⾲ᖺ 3 ᶞ㸪ᶆ‽ 2 ᶞ㸪⿬ᖺ 4 ᶞ࡟༊ูࡉࢀࡓ㸬㸲㸬ᶞ┦࡟ᛂࡌࡓ᦬ᯝᇶ‽ࡀ᦬ᯝ⋡㸪ⴥⰍ㸪ᯝᐇ⫧኱㸪཰㔞㸪ᯝᐇ≉ᛶ㸪⩣ᖺࡢ╔ⰼ࡟ཬࡰࡍᙳ㡪
2017 ᖺ࡜ 2018 ᖺࡢ᦬ᯝ⋡ࡣ⾲ᖺ㸪ᶆ‽㸪⿬ᖺ࡛኱ࡁࡃ␗࡞ࡾ㸪⾲ᖺ࡛ 90㸣௨ୖ࡜㧗ࡃ㸪⿬ᖺ࡛ࡣ 60㸣௨ୗ࡜࡞ࡾ᭷ព࡟ప࠿ࡗࡓ㸦➨ 5 ⾲㸧㸬ᅗ⾲࡟ࡣ♧ࡋ࡚࠸࡞࠸ࡀ㸪⾲ᖺ࡜ᶆ‽ᶞ┦࡟࠾࠸࡚ⴥⰍ㸦SPAD ್㸧ࡣ 7 ᭶ࡲ࡛ 70 ௨ୗ࡛᥎⛣ࡋ 10 ᭶࡟ 80 ࡟㐩ࡋࡓ㸦ࢹ࣮ࢱ␎㸧㸬⿬ᖺᶞ┦࡛ࡣ 7 ᭶࡟ 70 ࡟㐩ࡋ 9 ᭶࡟ 80 ࡟㐩ࡋࡓ㸬⾲ᖺ࡜ᶆ‽ᶞ┦ࡢᯝᐇᶓᚄࡣ௙ୖࡆ᦬ᯝ┤ᚋࡢ 9 ᭶࡟ 6 cm ௨ୗ࡛㸪཰✭ᮇ࡟࠾࠸࡚ࡶ 8 cm ๓ᚋ࡛࠶ࡗࡓ㸦ࢹ࣮ࢱ␎㸧㸬⿬ᖺᶞ┦࡛ࡣ௙
ୖࡆ᦬ᯝ┤ᚋ࡟᪤࡟ 7 cm ࢆ㉸࠼㸪཰✭ᮇ࡟ࡣ 9 cm ࡟㐩ࡋࡓ㸬ᶞෙᐜ✚㸦m3㸧ᙜࡓࡾ᦬ᯝ๓╔ᯝᩘ㸪཰✭ᩘ㸪཰㔞࠾ࡼࡧᖹᆒᯝᐇ㔜㸪180㹼250 g ࡢᯝᐇ๭ྜࢆ➨ 5 ⾲࡟♧ࡋࡓ㸬᦬ᯝ๓ࡢᶞෙᐜ✚ᙜࡓࡾ╔ᯝᩘࡣ୧ᖺ࡜ࡶᐃ⩏࡛ᐃࡵࡓ࡜࠾ࡾᶞ┦㛫࡛᭷ព࡞ᕪࡀㄆࡵࡽࢀࡓ㸬୍᪉㸪ᶞෙᐜ✚ᙜࡓࡾ཰✭ᩘࡣ 2017 ᖺ㸪2018 ᖺ࡜ࡶ࡟ᶞ┦㛫࡛᭷ព࡞ᕪࡣㄆࡵࡽࢀ࡞࠿ࡗࡓ㸬ࡲࡓ㸪ᶞෙᐜ✚ᙜࡓࡾ཰㔞ࡣ 2017 ᖺ࡛ࡣᶞ┦㛫࡛᭷ព࡞ᕪࡀ
ㄆࡵࡽࢀ࡞࠿ࡗࡓࡀ㸪2018 ᖺ࡛ࡣ⿬ᖺᶞ┦࡛௚ࡢᶞ┦ࡼࡾ᭷ព࡟ከ࠿ࡗࡓ㸬ᶞูᖹᆒᯝᐇ㔜࡟ࡘ࠸࡚ࡣ㸪2017 ᖺ࡟ࡣᶞ┦㛫࡛᭷ព࡞ᕪࡀㄆࡵࡽࢀ࡞࠿ࡗࡓࡀ㸪2018 ᖺࡣ⿬ᖺࡢᖹᆒᯝᐇ
㔜ࡀ௚ࡢᶞ┦ࡼࡾ᭷ព࡟኱ࡁ࠿ࡗࡓ㸬ࡲࡓ㸪㔜㔞 180㹼250 g ࡢᯝᐇ๭ྜࡣ 2017 ᖺࡀ⾲ᖺ࡜ᶆ‽࡛ 70㸣௨ୖ࡜࡞ࡾ㸪2018 ᖺࡣ඲ᶞ┦࡜ࡶ 50㸣๓ᚋ࡛࠶ࡗࡓ㸦➨ 5 ⾲㸧㸬ᯝᐇ㔜ࡢศᕸ≧ἣࡣ㸪୧ᖺ࡜ࡶ࡟⾲ᖺ࡜ᶆ‽ᶞ┦࡛ᯝᐇ㔜୰ኸ್ࡢୖୗ࡟ྠࡌ⛬ᗘ࡟ศᕸࡋ࡚࠸ࡓࡀ㸪⿬ᖺ࡛ࡣ୰ኸ್ࡼࡾࡶ኱ࡁ࠸㒊ศ࡟ᗈ⠊ᅖ࡟ศᕸࡋ࡚࠸ࡓ㸦➨ 9 ᅗ㸧㸬ᯝᐇᶓᚄࢆᇶ‽࡜ࡋ࡚ 2L 㝵⣭࡟༊ศࡉࢀࡿᯝᐇࡢ 2018 ᖺࡢ≉ᛶࢆ➨ 6 ⾲࡟♧ࡋࡓ㸬ᯝᐇᶓᚄ࡟᭷ពᕪࡣㄆࡵࡽࢀ࡞࠿ࡗࡓࡀ㸪ᯝᐇ⦪ᚄࡣ௙ୖࡆ᦬ᯝ๓ࡢ╔ᯝ⛬ᗘࡀᑠࡉ࠸࡯࡝⦪᪉
ྥࡢ⏕⫱ࡀⰋዲ࡛࠶ࡿഴྥࡀࡳࡽࢀࡓ㸬ࡇࡢ⤖ᯝࡣ㸪ᯝᐇࡢᡥᖹᗘࢆ♧ࡍ D/L ್ࡣ⾲ᖺࡀ⿬ᖺࡼࡾࡶ᭷ព࡟኱ࡁࡃ࡞ࡾ㸪⾲ᖺᶞ┦ࡢᯝᐇࡣᡥᖹ࡛࠶ࡿࡇ࡜ࢆ♧ࡋ࡚࠸ࡿ㸬ࡲࡓ㸪ᖹᆒᯝᐇ㔜ࡣ㸪⿬ᖺᶞ┦ࡀ⾲ᖺ࡜ᶆ‽ࡼࡾࡶ᭷ព࡟኱ࡁ࠿ࡗࡓࡀ㸪ᯝ⫗๭ྜ㸪⢾ᗘ࠾ࡼࡧ㓟ᗘࡣᶞ┦㛫࡛᭷ព࡞ᕪࡀㄆࡵࡽࢀ࡞࠿ࡗࡓ㸬๓ᖺࡢᶞ┦࠾ࡼࡧ᦬ᯝᇶ‽ࡀ╔ⰼ࡟ཬࡰࡍᙳ㡪ࢆ➨ 7 ⾲࡟♧ࡋࡓ㸬ㄪᰝ࡟ࡣྛᶞࡢᖹᆒⓗ࡞㛗ࡉࡢ⤖ᯝẕᯞࢆ⏝࠸ࡓࡀ㸪ᶞ┦㛫࡛⤖ᯝẕᯞ㛗࠾ࡼࡧ⠇ᩘ࡟᭷ព࡞ᕪࡣㄆࡵࡽࢀ࡞࠿ࡗ
ࡓ㸦ࢹ࣮ࢱ␎㸧㸬⤖ᯝẕᯞᙜࡓࡾ࠾ࡼࡧ 1 ⠇ᙜࡓࡾࡢ᭷ⴥⰼᩘࡣ㸪ᶞ┦㛫࡛᭷ព࡞ᕪࡀㄆࡵࡽ
ࢀ࡞࠿ࡗࡓ㸬୍᪉㸪┤ⰼᩘ㸪࠾ࡼࡧ┤ⰼᩘ࡜᭷ⴥⰼᩘࡢྜィ್࡛࠶ࡿ඲ⰼᩘࡣᶞ┦࡟ࡼࡾ᭷ព࡞ᕪࡀㄆࡵࡽࢀ㸪๓ᖺࡢ᦬ᯝ๓ࡢ╔ᯝ⛬ᗘࡀ኱ࡁ࠸࡯࡝ከ࠿ࡗࡓ㸬㸱-㸲 ⪃ ᐹ㸯㸬ᯞᚄࢆ฼⏝ࡋࡓ᦬ᯝࡇࢀࡲ࡛࡟㸪℧ୗࡽ㸦2010㸧ࡣẚⴥ㠃✚㸦ⴥ㔜ᙜࡓࡾⴥ㠃✚㸧ࡀⴥࡢ኱ࡁࡉ࡟㛵ࢃࡽࡎ࡯ࡰ
୍ᐃ࡛࠶ࡿࡇ࡜㸪ᯞᚄ࡜ⴥ㔜ࡸⴥ㠃✚࡜ࡢ㛫࡟᭷ព࡞ᅇᖐ㛵ಀࡀ࠶ࡿࡇ࡜ࢆሗ࿌ࡋ࡚࠸ࡿ㸬ࡇࢀࡣ㸪ᯞᚄࢆ ᐃࡍࡿࡇ࡜࡛ᯝᐇ 1 ಶᙜࡓࡾⴥ㔞ࢆ⡆᫆࡟᥎ᐃ࡛ࡁࡿࡇ࡜ࢆ♧၀ࡋ࡚࠸ࡿ㸬ࡑࡇ࡛㸪ᮏヨ㦂࡛ࡣ㸪‘ࡣࡿࡳ’࡟࠾࠸࡚ᯞᚄ࡜ⴥ㔜ࡢ㛵ಀࢆᶞ┦ࡈ࡜࡟᫂ࡽ࠿࡟ࡋ㸪≉ᐃࡢᯞᚄ࠿ࡽⴥᩘࢆ᥎ᐃࡍࡿࡇ࡜࡛ⴥᯝẚࢆᆒ୍໬ࡋ㸪᦬ᯝປຊࢆ㍍ῶࡍࡿࡇ࡜ࢆヨࡳࡓ㸬ࡇࡢᇶ‽ࡣᯞ༢఩࡛㐺⏝ࡉࢀࡿࡓࡵ㸪ᶞ㱋ቑຍ࡟క࠺ᶞෙ↓ຠᐜ✚ࡢኚ໬ࢆ⪃៖ࡍࡿᚲせࡀᑡ࡞࠸࡜⪃࠼ࡽࢀࡿ㸬ࡲࡓ㸪ᮏ◊✲࡛ࡣ㸪╔ⰼࡢ㐩ほホ౯ࢆࡶ࡜࡟ࡋࡓᶞ┦ุู࡛⢒᦬ᯝࢆ⾜ࡗࡓᚋ㸪⢒᦬ᯝᩘࢆࡶ࡜࡟ᶞෙᐜ✚ᙜࡓࡾࡢ╔ᯝᩘࢆ᥎ᐃࡋ࡚෌ᗘᶞ┦ุูࢆ⾜࠸㸪௙ୖࡆ᦬ᯝ
ࢆ⾜ࡗࡓ㸬⢒᦬ᯝᩘࡢㄪᰝࡣᶞୖࡢᯝᐇࢆᩘ࠼ࡿࡼࡾࡶປຊࡀ࠿࠿ࡽ࡞࠸࡜ᛮࢃࢀࡿ㸬௒ᚋ㸪ࡇࡢᶞ┦ุูἲࡢ┬ຊຠᯝ࡟ࡘ࠸࡚ࢹ࣮ࢱࢆ཰㞟ࡋ࡚᫂ࡽ࠿࡟ࡍࡿᚲせࡣ࠶ࡿࡀ㸪⢒᦬ᯝᩘ࡛⡆᫆࡟ᶞ┦ุูࢆ⾜࠸㸪ᯞࡢኴࡉ࠿ࡽṧࡍᯝᐇᩘࢆไ㝈ࡍࡿࡇ࡜࡛㸪ึᚰ⪅࡛ࡶᐜ᫆࡟௙
ୖࡆ᦬ᯝࢆ⾜࠺ࡇ࡜ࡀྍ⬟࡜⪃࠼ࡽࢀࡿ㸬2㸬㸬ᶞ┦࡟ᛂࡌࡓ╔ᯝ⟶⌮
ヨ㦂 2 ᖺ┠㸦2017 ᖺ㸧ࡣᶞ┦ࡈ࡜࡟ᯞᚄ࡜ⴥ㔜࡜ࡢ㛵ಀᘧࢆゎᯒࡋ㸪᦬ᯝᇶ‽ࢆタࡅࡿࡇ࡜࡜ࡋࡓ㸬ⴥ㔜 35 g ࡟┦ᙜࡍࡿᯞᚄࡣᶆ‽ᶞ┦࡛ 0.80 cm ࡜ィ⟬ࡉࢀ๓ᖺᗘ࡜࡯ࡰྠࡌ್ࢆ
♧ࡋࡓࡀ㸪⾲ᖺᶞ┦࡛ࡣ 0.89 cm ࡛␗࡞ࡿ್࡜࡞ࡗࡓ㸦➨ 4 ⾲㸧㸬ࡇࡢࡇ࡜ࡣ㸪⾲ᖺᶞ┦࡛ࡣಶⴥ㔜ࡀᑠࡉࡃ㸪୍ᐃࡢⴥ㔜ࢆ☜ಖࡍࡿࡓࡵ࡟ࡣኴࡵࡢᯞࢆ㑅ࡪᚲせࡀ࠶ࡿࡇ࡜ࢆ♧ࡋ࡚࠸ࡿ㸬୍᪉㸪⿬ᖺᶞ┦࡛ࡣ╔ᯝ㒊఩ࡀᶞෙෆ࡛೫ࡿࡇ࡜ࡀ࠶ࡾ㸪୍ᐃࡢኴࡉࡢᯞ࡟」ᩘಶ╔ᯝ
ࡉࡏࡿᚲせࡀ࠶ࡿ㸬ࡑࡇ࡛ᯝᐇ」ᩘಶ࡟┦ᙜࡍࡿᯞᚄࢆィ⟬ࡋ᦬ᯝᇶ‽࡜ࡋ࡚タᐃࡋࡓ㸬ヨ㦂 2 ᖺ┠ࡣᯝᐇ 2 ಶ࡟┦ᙜࡍࡿᯞᚄࢆ᦬ᯝᇶ‽࡜ࡋ࡚タᐃࡋࡓࡀ㸪ᖹᆒᯝᐇ㔜ࡀ┠ᶆ࡜ࡍࡿ್ࡼࡾࡶ኱ࡁ࠿ࡗࡓ㸬ࡇࡢࡇ࡜࠿ࡽ㸪╔ᯝᩘࢆቑࡸࡋ࡚ᯝᐇ㔜ࢆ┠ᶆ࡟㏆࡙ࡅࡿࡓࡵ㸪ヨ㦂 3ᖺ┠ࡣᯝᐇ 3 ಶ࡟┦ᙜࡍࡿᯞᚄࢆ᦬ᯝᇶ‽࡜ࡋ࡚㏣ຍࡋࡓ㸬࡞࠾㸪సᴗࡣᯞᚄࢆ⡆᫆࡟ุᐃࡍࡿࡇ࡜ࡀ࡛ࡁࡿ᦬ᯝ⿵ຓල㸦℧ୗ㸪2020㸧ࢆ⏝࠸ࡓࡓࡵ㸪ⴥᩘࢆᩘ࠼ࡿᚲせࡀ࡞ࡃ┬ຊ໬ࡀྍ⬟࡛࠶ࡗࡓ㸬
3㸬ᯞᚄ࡟ᇶ࡙ࡃ╔ᯝ⟶⌮ἲࡀ཰㔞㸪ᯝᐇ≉ᛶ࠾ࡼࡧ⩣ᖺࡢ╔ⰼ࡟ཬࡰࡍᙳ㡪ᮏ◊✲ࡢ⤖ᯝ࠿ࡽ㸪ᶞෙᐜ✚ᙜࡓࡾ཰㔞ࡣ㸪2018 ᖺࡢ⾲ᖺࡸᶆ‽ᶞ┦࡛⿬ᖺᶞ┦ࡼࡾࡶ᭷ព࡟ᑡ࡞࠸⤖ᯝ࡜࡞ࡗࡓ㸦➨ 5 ⾲㸧㸬⾲ᖺᶞ┦࡛ࡣ᪂ⴥࡀᑡ࡞ࡃᑠࡉ࠸ࡇ࡜࠿ࡽ㸪ගྜᡂ⬟ຊࡀ┦ᑐⓗ࡟ప࠿ࡗࡓࡇ࡜ࡀཎᅉ࡜⪃࠼ࡽࢀࡿ㸬ࡲࡓ㸪2018 ᖺࡢᶆ‽ᶞ┦ࡣ㸪᦬ᯝ๓ࡢᶞෙᐜ
✚ᙜࡓࡾ╔ᯝᩘࡀ⣙ 190 ࡛㸪ᯝᐇ⫧኱ࡸᖹᆒᯝᐇ㔜ࡀ⾲ᖺᶞ┦࡟㏆࠸ഴྥࢆ♧ࡋࡓ㸦➨ 5 ⾲㸧㸬௒ᚋ᦬ᯝࡢ⢭ᗘࢆ࠶ࡆࡿࡓࡵ࡟ࡣ㸪ቃ⏺௜㏆࡛᦬ᯝᇶ‽ࢆ⣽࠿ࡃタᐃࡍࡿ࡞࡝ヲ⣽࡞᳨ウࡀ
ᚲせ࡛࠶ࡿ㸬୍᪉㸪ᯝᐇᙧ㉁࡟ࡘ࠸࡚ࡣ㸪ㄪᰝಶᩘࡀᑡ࡞࠸ࡶࡢࡢ⢾ᗘࡸ㓟ᗘ࡟ᶞ┦㛫࡛ᕪ␗ࡣㄆࡵࡽࢀࡎ㸦➨ 6 ⾲㸧㸪᦬ᯝࡀ㐺ṇ࡟⾜ࢃࢀࡓ⤖ᯝ㸪ᶞ┦㛫ࡢࡤࡽࡘࡁࡀῶᑡࡋࡓࡶࡢ࡜
⪃࠼ࡽࢀࡓ㸬
‘ࡣࡿࡳ’ᮏ᮶ࡢရ㉁ࢆ♧ࡍ኱ࡁࡉࡣ㸪200 g ⛬ᗘ࡛࠶ࡿ࡜ሗ࿌ࡉࢀ࡚࠸ࡿ㸦ྜྷ⏣ࡽ㸪2000㸧
㸬ࡲࡓ㸪2L ࢧ࢖ࢬ࡛ရ㉁ࡀⰋዲ࡛࠶ࡗࡓ࡜ࡢሗ࿌ࡀ࠶ࡿ㸦ஂᯇࡽ㸪2005㸧
㸬2L 㝵⣭ࡢᯝᐇࡣᶓ
ᚄࡀ 8.0㹼8.8 cm ࡛㸪㔜㔞ࡀ࠾ࡼࡑ 200ࠥ260 g ࡟┦ᙜࡍࡿ㸬୍᪉㸪ᯝᐇࢧ࢖ࢬࡀ኱ࡁ࠸࡜ᾋ⓶Ⓨ⏕⛬ᗘࡀ㧗ࡃ࡞ࡿࡇ࡜࠿ࡽ㸪ᯝᐇ㔜 180㹼250 g ࡢᯝᐇࡀ㧗࠸ၟရ౯್ࢆ᭷ࡍࡿ࡜⪃࠼ࡽࢀࡓ㸬ࡇࡢࡓࡵ㸪ᮏ◊✲࡛ࡣ㸪L ࠿ࡽ 2L ࡟ᒓࡋᯝᐇရ㉁ࡀඃࢀࡿ 180㹼250 g ࡢᯝᐇ๭ྜࢆㄪᰝ
ࡋࡓ㸬ࡇࡢ⤖ᯝ㸪ᶆ‽ᶞ┦࡟࠾࠸࡚㸪ࡇࡢ๭ྜࡀ 50㸣௨ୖࡢ๭ྜࢆ⥔ᣢࡍࡿࡇ࡜ࡀㄆࡵࡽࢀ
ࡓࡇ࡜࠿ࡽ㸪ᮏ᦬ᯝᡭἲࡀᶆ‽ᶞ┦࡟࠾࠸࡚㐺ษ࡛࠶ࡗࡓ࡜⪃࠼ࡽࢀࡿ㸬ࡲࡓ㸪⿬ᖺᶞ┦࡛ࡣࡇࡢ๭ྜࡀ 2016 ᖺ࠿ࡽ 2018 ᖺ࡟࠿ࡅ࡚ୖ᪼ࡋ࡚࠾ࡾ㸪ࡇࡢࡇ࡜ࡣ㸪⿬ᖺᶞ┦࡟࠾ࡅࡿᮏ
᦬ᯝἲࡢタᐃࡢኚ᭦ࡀ⌮᝿ⓗ࡞ᯝᐇ㔜ࡢ๭ྜࡢୖ᪼࡟ຠᯝࡀ࠶ࡗࡓ࡜᥎ᐹࡉࢀࡿ㸬࡞࠾㸪⾲ᖺᶞ┦࡛ࡣ㸪2017 ᖺ࡟㧗࠸್ࢆ♧ࡋࡓࡀ㸪ࡇࡢࡇ࡜ࡣ๧ᐃ࡟ࡼࡾග⎔ቃࡀᨵၿࡉࢀࡿ࡜࡜ࡶ
࡟᪂ᲈࡀ㐺ᗘ࡟Ⓨ⏕ࡋ㸪ᯝᐇ⫧኱ࡀಁ㐍ࡉࢀࡓࡶࡢ࡜᥎ᐹࡉࢀࡓ㸬ᮏ᦬ᯝᇶ‽ࢆ㐺⏝ࡋࡓᶞࡢ⩣ᖺ࡟࠾ࡅࡿ╔ⰼᩘࡢㄪᰝ࡛ࡣ㸪ㄪᰝࡋࡓ⤖ᯝẕᯞᩘࡀᑡ࡞࠿
ࡗࡓࡶࡢࡢ㸪඲ⰼᩘ࡟࠾࠸࡚ᶞ┦࡟ࡼࡿ᭷ព࡞ᕪࡀ᳨ฟࡉࢀࡓ㸦➨ 7 ⾲㸧㸬ᮏᐇ㦂࡛ࡣ㸪⾲ᖺᶞ┦ࡢᶞ࡛ࡣ 90㸣௨ୖࡢᯝᐇࢆ㝖ཤࡋ㸪࠿࡞ࡾᙉࡵࡢ᦬ᯝ࡟࡞ࡗ࡚࠸ࡓ࡜⪃࠼ࡽࢀࡿ㸬ࡇࡢᙉࡵࡢ᦬ᯝ࡟ࡼࡾⰼⱆศ໬ࡀಁ㐍ࡉࢀ㸪๓ᖺ⾲ᖺᶞ┦ࡢᶞ࡟࠾ࡅࡿ╔ⰼᩘࡢቑຍ࡟ࡘ࡞ࡀࡗ
ࡓ࡜᥎ᐹࡉࢀࡿ㸬୍᪉㸪⿬ᖺᶞ┦࡛ࡣ㸪ᮏ᦬ᯝἲ࡟ࡼࡾ᦬ᯝ⋡ࡀ 60㸣௨ୗ࡟ᢚ࠼ࡽࢀ㸪ࡲࡓ㸪ᶞෙᐜ✚ᙜࡓࡾࡢ཰㔞ࡀ⾲ᖺ࠾ࡼࡧᶆ‽ᶞ┦ࡢࡶࡢ࡜ẚ࡭࡚᭷ព࡟ከ࠿ࡗࡓ㸦➨ 5 ⾲㸧
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ࡇ࡜࠿ࡽ㸪ྠ໬㣴ศࡀᯝᐇ࡟ከࡃศ㓄ࡉࢀ࡚ⰼⱆศ໬ࡀᢚไࡉࢀ㸪๓ᖺ⿬ᖺᶞ┦ࡢᶞ࡛⩣᫓ࡢ╔ⰼࡀᑡ࡞ࡃ࡞ࡗࡓ࡜᥎ᐹࡉࢀࡿ㸬ࡇࢀࡲ࡛࡟㸪‘ࡣࡿࡳ’ࡣ╔⏕ࡋࡓⰼࡢ⤖ᐇᛶࡀⰋዲ࡛
㸦ྜྷ⏣ࡽ㸪2000㸧㸪╔ᯝ⋡ࡣ᭷ⴥⰼࡀ 55.8㸣㸪┤ⰼࡀ 33.3㸣㸪඲ⰼࡀ 47.5㸣࡛࢘ࣥࢩ࣑ࣗ࢘࢝
ࣥࡼࡾ㧗࠸࡜ࡢሗ࿌ࡀ࠶ࡿ㸦ஂᯇࡽ㸪2005㸧
㸬ᮏヨ㦂ࡢ๓ᖺ⿬ᖺᶞ┦࡛ࡣ㸪⤖ᯝẕᯞᙜࡓࡾ㸰ಶ௨ୖࡢ᭷ⴥⰼࡀほᐹࡉࢀ࡚࠾ࡾ㸦➨ 7 ⾲㸧
㸪55.8㸣ࡢ╔ᯝ⋡࡜ࡋࡓ࡜ࡁ㸪⤖ᯝẕᯞᙜࡓࡾ㸯ಶ௨ୖ╔ᯝࡍࡿィ⟬࡟࡞ࡿ㸬ࡇࡢࡓࡵ㸪ⰼࡀᑡ࡞࠿ࡗࡓ๓ᖺ⿬ᖺᶞ┦࡟࠾࠸࡚ࡶ㸪୍ᐃࡢ཰㔞ࢆ☜ಖࡍࡿࡇ࡜ࡀྍ⬟࡜⪃࠼ࡽࢀࡓ㸬࡞࠾㸪௒ᅇࡢヨ㦂࡛ࡣ㸪᦬ᯝᚋ࡟ኟ⛅ᲈࡢⓎ⏕ࡀ࡯࡜ࢇ࡝ほᐹࡉࢀ࡞࠿ࡗࡓ㸬ࡑࡢ⌮⏤࡜ࡋ࡚㸪᪋⫧㔞ࡀ‘ࡣࡿࡳ’࡜ࡋ࡚ࡣᑡ࡞࠸ࡇ࡜㸪⪔ᅵࡀὸ
ࡃ⑭ࡏẼ࿡࡛࠶ࡗࡓࡇ࡜㸪ኟᏘ࡟㝆Ỉ㔞ࡀᑡ࡞࠿ࡗࡓࡇ࡜࡞࡝ࡀ࠶ࡆࡽࢀࡿ㸬୍᪉࡛㸪⩣ᖺࡢኟᯞẕᯞࡢ╔ⰼࡣⰋዲ࡛࠶ࡿࡇ࡜ࡀሗ࿌ࡉࢀ࡚࠾ࡾ㸦ஂᯇࡽ㸪2005㸧㸪Ᏻᐃ⏕⏘ࡢࡓࡵ࡟ࡣ
ኟᯞࡀከᑡⓎ⏕ࡍࡿࡼ࠺࡞㣴Ỉศ⟶⌮ࡀᚲせ࡜⪃࠼ࡽࢀࡿ㸬ࡲࡓ㸪㝸ᖺ⤖ᯝ࡟ᑐࡍࡿᙳ㡪ࡣ㸪ྠ୍ᶞ࡛」ᩘᖺ࡟ࢃࡓࡗ࡚ㄪᰝࡍࡿᚲせࡀ࠶ࡿ࡜⪃࠼ࡽࢀࡿ㸬ᮏ◊✲࡛ࡣ㸪༢ᖺᗘࡢ⤖ᯝࡢࡳࢆ♧ࡋ࡚࠸ࡿࡓࡵ㸪௒ᚋ㸪ྠ୍ᶞ࡟࠾࠸࡚㐃ᖺ࡛ᮏ᦬ᯝἲࢆ⏝࠸ࡓ࡜ࡁࡢ╔ⰼ㸦ᯝ㸧㔞ࡸ㸪཰㔞ࡢኚ໬ࢆㄪᰝࡋ㸪㝸ᖺ⤖ᯝᛶ࡟ᑐࡍࡿᙳ㡪ࢆ☜ㄆࡍࡿᚲせࡀ࠶ࡿ㸬ᮏ◊✲࡛ࡣ㸪ⴥ㔜 35 g ࡟ᑐࡍࡿᯞᚄࢆᇶ‽࡟ࡋ࡚࠸ࡿ㸦➨ 4 ⾲㸧㸬ࡇࡢࡓࡵ㸪ྠࡌᶞ┦࡛࠶ࡗ࡚ࡶಶⴥ㔜ࡀ␗࡞ࡿሙྜࡣ㸪ᇶ‽࡜࡞ࡿᯞᚄࡀኚࢃࡿ࡜⪃࠼ࡽࢀࡿ㸬୍౛ࢆ♧ࡍ࡜㸪2009ᖺ࡟㤶ᕝ┴࡛ᚓࡽࢀࡓࢹ࣮ࢱࢆゎᯒࡋࡓ࡜ࡇࢁ㸪ᶆ‽ᶞ┦ࡢᶞ࡟࠾࠸࡚㸪ⴥ㔜 35 g ࡟┦ᙜࡍࡿᯞᚄࡣ㸪2016 ᖺ࡜ 2017 ᖺ࡟ᮏヨ㦂࡛ᚓࡽࢀࡓᶆ‽ᶞ┦࡟࠾ࡅࡿ್࡜࡯ࡰ୍⮴ࡋࡓ㸦ᮍⓎ⾲ࢹ࣮ࢱ㸧㸬ࡇࡢࡇ࡜࠿ࡽ㸪ᶆ‽ᶞ┦࡛ࡣ㸪␗࡞ࡿᖺḟࡸ᱂ᇵᆅᇦ࡛ࡶⴥࡢ኱ࡁࡉࡸᐦᗘࡀ୍
ᐃ࡛࠶ࡿࡇ࡜ࡀ♧၀ࡉࢀ㸪ᮏヨ㦂ࡢ᦬ᯝᇶ‽ࡣᗈࡃ㐺⏝ྍ⬟࡜ᛮࢃࢀࡓ㸬୍᪉㸪2009 ᖺࡢ㤶ᕝ┴࡟࠾ࡅࡿ⿬ᖺᶞ┦࡛ࡣ㸪ಶⴥ㔜ࡀᮏヨ㦂ࡢࡶࡢࡼࡾ኱ࡁ࠿ࡗࡓࡓࡵ㸪ⴥ㔜 35 g ࡟┦ᙜࡍࡿᯞᚄ㸦0.72 cm㸧ࡣᮏヨ㦂ࡢ್㸦0.88 cm㸧ࡼࡾᑠࡉ࠿ࡗࡓ㸦ᮍⓎ⾲ࢹ࣮ࢱ㸧㸬ࡇࡢࡼ࠺࡟㸪⿬ᖺᶞ┦࡟࠾ࡅࡿⴥࡢ≧ែࡣ㸪᱂ᇵ᮲௳ࡸẼ㇟᮲௳࡟ࡼࡾ኱ࡁࡃ␗࡞ࡿࡇ࡜ࡀ᝿ᐃࡉࢀࡿ㸬௒ᚋࡣ㸪ᶆ‽ᶞ┦࡜ẚ࡭࡚᫂ࡽ࠿࡟ⴥࡢ≧ែࡀ␗࡞ࡿ⿬ᖺᶞ┦࡟࠾࠸࡚ࡣ㸪᪂ࡓ࡟ᇶ‽࡜࡞ࡿᯞᚄࢆタᐃࡋ࡚᦬ᯝࢆ⾜࠸㸪ᯝᐇࢧ࢖ࢬ࡟ཬࡰࡍᙳ㡪ࢆㄪᰝࡍࡿᚲせࡀ࠶ࡿ㸬࡞࠾㸪╔ⰼᣦ
ᩘࡀ 1 ௨ୗ࡛⏕⌮ⴠᯝᚋࡢ╔ᯝࡀ࡯࡜ࢇ࡝ࡳࡽࢀ࡞࠸ᴟ➃࡞⿬ᖺᶞ┦࡟࠾࠸࡚㸪⩣ᖺࡢ╔ⰼ㐣ከࢆ㜵ࡄࡓࡵཎ๎࡜ࡋ࡚᦬ᯝࡏࡎ㸪ྍ⬟࡞㝈ࡾ╔ᯝᩘࢆ☜ಖࡍࡿࡇ࡜ࡀ㔜せ࡜⪃࠼ࡽࢀࡿ㸬୍᪉㸪⾲ᖺᶞ┦ࡢᯞᚄ࡜ⴥ㔜ࡢ㛵ಀ࡟ࡘ࠸࡚ࡣ༢ᖺᗘࡢࡳࡢㄪᰝ࡛ࡣ࠶ࡿࡀ㸪ᮏヨ㦂࡛ぢࡽࢀࡓࡼ࠺࡟ᑠࡉ࠸ⴥࡀከ࠸⾲ᖺᶞ࡛ࡣ㸪ᮏ◊✲࡛⏝࠸ࡓᯞᚄࢆ᦬ᯝᇶ‽࡜ࡋ࡚฼⏝࡛ࡁࡿ࡜ᛮࢃࢀࡿ㸬ࡓࡔࡋ㸪ᙉᗘࡢ⾲ᖺᶞ┦ࢆ♧ࡋ᪂ⴥࡀ࡯࡜ࢇ࡝Ⓨ⏕ࡏࡎᪧⴥࡀ㯤໬ࡋ࡚࠸ࡿᶞ࡛
ࡣ㸪඲᦬ᯝࡋ࡚᪋⫧࣭₤Ỉࢆ༑ศ⾜࠺࡞࡝㸪ᶞໃᅇ᚟ࡢᑐ⟇ࢆ࡜ࡿᚲせࡀ࠶ࡿ㸬୍᪉㸪᦬ᯝ᫬ᮇ࡟㛵ࡋ࡚㸪ᮏヨ㦂࡛ࡣ⢒᦬ᯝࢆ 7 ᭶㸪௙ୖࡆ᦬ᯝࢆ 8 ᭶ୗ᪪࡟タᐃࡋ࡚ヨ㦂ࢆᐇ᪋ࡋࡓࡀ㸪⢒᦬ᯝࢆ 6 ᭶୰ୗ᪪࠿ࡽᐇ᪋ࡋࡓࡾ㸪௙ୖࡆ᦬ᯝࢆ 9 ᭶࠿ࡽ 10 ᭶ࡲ࡛ẁ㝵ⓗ࡟⾜࠺⏕⏘⪅ࡶぢཷࡅࡽࢀࡿ㸬௒ᚋ㸪᦬ᯝ᫬ᮇࡀ␗࡞ࡿ᱂ᇵయ⣔࡟࠾࠸࡚㸪ᮏ᦬ᯝᇶ‽ࡀ㐺⏝ྍ⬟࡛࠶ࡿ࠿࡝࠺࠿᳨ウࡍࡿᚲせࡀ࠶ࡿ㸬௨ୖࡢ⤖ᯝ࠿ࡽ㸪ᯞᚄࢆᇶ‽࡜ࡋ࡚ᶞ┦࡟ᛂࡌࡓ╔ᯝ⟶⌮ࢆ⾜࠺ࡇ࡜࡟ࡼࡾ㐺ṇ࡞᦬ᯝ⋡ࡀᚓࡽࢀ㸪ၟရ౯್ࡀ㧗࠸ࢧ࢖ࢬࡢᯝᐇࡢ๭ྜࢆቑຍ࡛ࡁࡿࡇ࡜ࡀ♧ࡉࢀࡓ㸬ᮏᡭἲ࡛ࡣ㸪⿬ᖺᶞ┦࡟࠾࠸࡚㸪ᶞෙෆࡢ╔ᯝࡢࡤࡽࡘࡁ࡟ᛂࡌ࡚㸪᦬ᯝᇶ‽࡜࡞ࡿᯞᚄ࡜ṧࡍᯝᐇᩘࢆ
ኚ࠼ࡿᚲせࡀ࠶ࡿ㸬ࡇࡢసᴗࡣึᚰ⪅࡟࡜ࡗ࡚ࢃ࠿ࡾ࡟ࡃ࠸సᴗ࡛࠶ࡿࡓࡵ㸪⌧ᅾ㸪᦬ᯝᇶ‽࡜࡞ࡿᯞᚄࢆኴࡃࡋ࡚ഃᯞ༢఩࡛㐺⏝ࡍࡿ࡞࡝㸪༢⣧໬࡟ྥࡅ࡚ࡢᨵⰋࢆ㐍ࡵ࡚࠸ࡿ࡜ࡇ
ࢁ࡛࠶ࡿ㸬㸱-㸳 ᦬せ࢝ࣥ࢟ࢶ‘ࡣࡿࡳ’࡟࠾࠸࡚ᯞᚄ࡜ⴥ㔜ࡢ㛵ಀ࡟ᇶ࡙ࡁ᦬ᯝᇶ‽㸦ᯞᚄ㸧ࢆ⟇ᐃࡋ㸪⏕⏘ᛶ࡜ᯝᐇ≉ᛶ࡟ཬࡰࡍᙳ㡪ࢆホ౯ࡋࡓ㸬ᯞᚄ X ࡜ⴥ㔜 Y ࡢ㛵ಀࡣ Y㸻AXB ࡢᩘᘧ࡛♧ࡉࢀࡓ㸬ࡇࡢᘧࡢಀᩘ࡟ᇶ࡙ࡁᶆ‽ᶞ┦ࡢⴥᩘ 100 ࡟┦ᙜࡍࡿᯞᚄࢆィ⟬ࡋ㸪ⴥᯝẚ 100 ࡟ᑐᛂࡍࡿ᦬
ᯝᇶ‽࡜ࡋ࡚ᶞ┦ࡈ࡜࡟タᐃࡋࡓ㸦౛㸹0.80 cm ࡢᯞ࡟ᯝᐇ 1 ಶ╔ᯝ㸧㸬ࡇࢀࡽ᦬ᯝᇶ‽ࢆྛᶞ┦࡟㐺⏝ࡋࡓ⤖ᯝ㸪᦬ᯝ⋡ࡣ╔ᯝ㔞࡟ᛂࡌ࡚ 91.4㸣࠿ࡽ 57.2㸣࡟ศᩓࡋ㸪ᶞෙᐜ✚ᙜࡓࡾ཰✭ᩘࡣᶞ┦㛫࡛᭷ពᕪࡀ࡞࠿ࡗࡓ㸬ၟရ౯್ࡀ㧗࠸࡜ࡉࢀࡿ 180 g㹼250 g ࡢᯝᐇ๭ྜࡣᶆ
‽ᶞ┦࡛ 50㸣௨ୖࢆ⥔ᣢࡋ㸪⿬ᖺᶞ┦࡛᦬ᯝᇶ‽ࡢᨵⰋ࡟క࠸ᨵၿࡉࢀࡓ㸬⩣ᖺࡢ╔ⰼࡣ⥅⥆ⓗ࡞⏕⏘ࢆ⾜࠺ࡢ࡟ᨭ㞀ࡢ࡞࠸್ࢆ♧ࡋࡓ㸬௨ୖࡢࡇ࡜࠿ࡽ㸪ᶞ┦࡟ᛂࡌࡓ᦬ᯝᇶ‽࡜ࡋ࡚ᯞᚄࢆ㐺⏝ࡍࡿࡇ࡜࡟ࡼࡾ㸪‘ࡣࡿࡳ’ࡢ㐺ṇ࡞╔ᯝᩘ⟶⌮ࡀ⾜ࢃࢀ㸪ၟရ౯್ࡢ㧗࠸ࢧ࢖ࢬࡢᯝᐇࢆ⏕⏘ࡍࡿࡇ࡜ࡀྍ⬟࡛࠶ࡿࡇ࡜ࡀ♧ࡉࢀࡓ㸬

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➨㸳ᅗ͂ࡣࡿࡳ̓ࡢ᦬ᯝ⿵ຓල࡟ࡼࡿᯞᚄุᐃࡢᵝᏊ㸦⿵ຓලࡢ༙෇ࡣ┤ᚄ FP ࡛㸪ᕥࡢᯞࡣ⣽㐣ࡂࡿ㸪୰ኸࡣ㐺ṇ㸪ྑࡢᯞࡣኴ㐣ࡂࡿ㸧

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400

ⴥ 㔜 (gFW)

300

ⴥ ᩘ

150

Y1 = 175.8 X 2.49
r = 0.979 **

200
100

0
0.0

0.5

1.0
1.5
ᯞ ᚄ (cm)

Y2 = 59.8 X 2.48
r = 0.978 **

100

50

0

2.0

0.0

0.5
1.0
1.5
ᯞ ᚄ (cm)2.0➨㸴ᅗ͂ࡣࡿࡳ̓ࡢᯞᚄ࡜ⴥᩘ ᕥ 㸪ⴥ㔜㸦ྑ㸧࡜ࡢ㛵ಀ㸦㸧ᩘᘧ࡜◚⥺ࡣᅇᖐ᭤⥺ࢆ♧ࡍ
U ࡣ┦㛵ಀᩘࢆ♧ࡋ㸪 ࡣ 㸣Ỉ‽࡛᭷ពᛶࡀ࠶ࡿࡇ࡜ࢆ♧ࡍ㸦Q 㸧

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0.4

⾲ᖺ

0.3

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0.2
0.1
0.0
0.0

0.5

1.0
1.5
ಶⴥ㔜 (g)

ⴥᩘ๭ྜ

0.4

ᶆ‽

0.3

2.0

᪂ⴥ
ᪧⴥ

0.2
0.1

0.0
0.0

0.5

ⴥᩘ๭ྜ

0.4

1.0
ಶⴥ㔜 (g)

1.5

⿬ᖺ

0.3

2.0

᪂ⴥ
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0.2

0.1
0.0
0.0

0.5

1.0
1.5
ಶⴥ㔜 (g)2.0➨㸵ᅗ͂ࡣࡿࡳ̓ࡢ⾲ᖺ㸪ᶆ‽㸪⿬ᖺᶞ┦ࡢಶⴥ㔜ศᕸ㸦㸧ㄪᰝࡣ⢒᦬ᯝ᫬ࡢ  ᭶୰᪪࡟ᐇ᪋
ㄪᰝᩘࡣ⾲ᖺ㸪ᶆ‽㸪⿬ᖺࡢ㡰࡟᪂ⴥ 㸪㸪㸪ᪧⴥ 㸪㸪
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400

300

Y2 = 45.8 X 2.23
r = 0.907 **

200
100
0
0.0

0.5

1.0

ᯞ ᚄ (cm)

1.5

2.0

400

ᶆ‽

300

Y2 = 58.4 X 2.27

ⴥ 㔜 (gFW)⾲ᖺⴥ 㔜 (gFW)ⴥ 㔜 (gFW)

400

r = 0.927 **

200
100

⿬ᖺ

300

Y2 = 47.6 X 2.44
r = 0.789 **

200
100
0

0
0.0

0.5

1.0

ᯞ ᚄ (cm)

1.5

2.0

0.0

0.5

1.0

ᯞ ᚄ (cm)

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➨㸶ᅗ
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U ࡣ┦㛵ಀᩘࢆ♧ࡋ㸪 ࡣ 㸣Ỉ‽࡛᭷ពᛶࡀ࠶ࡿࡇ࡜ࢆ♧ࡍㄪᰝᩘࡣ⾲ᖺ㸪ᶆ‽㸪⿬ᖺࡢ㡰࡟ 㸪㸪

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600

2017

500

ᯝᐇ㔜 (gFW)ᯝᐇ㔜 (gFW)

600
400
300
200

100

500

2018

400
300
200

100

0

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➨㸷ᅗ͂ࡣࡿࡳ̓ࡢ⾲ᖺ㸪ᶆ‽㸪⿬ᖺᶞ┦࡟࠾ࡅࡿᯝᐇ㔜ศᕸ㸦㸪㸧⟽ୖୗࡢ⦪⥺ࡣᯝᐇ㔜ࡢ᭱኱್࡜᭱ᑠ್㸪⟽୰ኸࡢᶓ⥺ࡣᯝᐇ㔜ࡢ୰ኸ್㸪ୖୗࡢ⟽ࡣᯝᐇ㔜ࡢศᕸ 㸣⠊ᅖࢆ♧ࡍㄪᰝᩘࡣ⾲ᖺ㸪ᶆ‽㸪⿬ᖺࡢ㡰࡟  ᖺ 㸪㸪㸪 ᖺ 㸪㸪ᶞ┦ࡣᶞෙᐜ✚ᙜࡓࡾ╔ᯝᩘ࡟ࡼࡾุูࡋ㸪⾲ᖺ࡛┤ᚄ FP ࡢᯞ࡟ᯝᐇ  ಶ╔ᯝ㸪ᶆ‽࡜⿬ᖺࡢ╔ᯝࡀከ࠸㒊఩࡛┤ᚄ FP ࡢᯞ࡟ᯝᐇ  ಶ╔ᯝ㸪⿬ᖺࡢ╔ᯝࡀࡲࡤࡽ࡞㒊఩࡛┤ᚄ FP ࡢᯞ࡟ᯝᐇ  ಶ╔ᯝ㸦㸧㸪┤ᚄ FP ࡢᯞ࡟ᯝᐇ  ಶ╔ᯝ㸦㸧ࡢᇶ‽࡛᦬ᯝࡋࡓ
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ᯞᚄ z 㸦cm㸧

z

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ⴥ㔜 35 g㸦ᯝᐇ1ಶ㸧

ⴥ㔜 70 g㸦ᯝᐇ2ಶ㸧

ⴥ㔜 105 g㸦ᯝᐇ3ಶ㸧

⾲ᖺ

0.89

-

-

ᶆ‽

0.80

-

-

⿬ᖺ

0.88

1.17

1.38

➨㸲ᅗࡢᯞᚄ࡜ⴥ㔜ࡢ㛵ಀᘧ Y2 =AXB ࡢಀᩘ࠿ࡽ⟬ฟ
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➨ ⾲ ᶞ┦࡟ᛂࡌࡓ╔ᯝ⟶⌮ἲࡀ ‘ࡣࡿࡳ̓ࡢ᦬ᯝ⋡㸪཰㔞㸪ᯝᐇ㔜࡟ཬࡰࡍᙳ㡪㸦2017ɾ2018ʥ

ᖺ

2017

2018
z

ᶞෙᐜ✚
ᙜࡓࡾ╔ᯝᩘ
㸦ಶ࣭m-3㸧

᦬ᯝ⋡
㸦㸣㸧

ᶞෙᐜ✚
ᙜࡓࡾ཰✭ᩘ
㸦ಶ࣭m-3㸧ᶞෙᐜ✚ᙜࡓࡾ཰㔞
㸦kg࣭m-3㸧

ᖹᆒ
ᯝᐇ㔜
㸦g㸧

ᯝᐇ㔜180㹼250 g
ࡢ๭ྜ
㸦㸣㸧

⾲ᖺ

253 ay92.6 a

18.7

4.3

231

78.6

ᶆ‽

149 b

86.3 b

20.6

4.6

228

70.5

⿬ᖺ

54 c

58.4 c

21.8

5.6

259

39.1

⾲ᖺ

246 a

90.2 a

23.9

4.4 b

184 b

46.7

ᶆ‽

190 b

87.4 a

23.9

4.4 b

183 b

54.3

⿬ᖺ

63 c

56.0 b

26.8

6.7 a

251 a

48.5

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ᯝᐇᶓᚄ
㸦D㸧
㸦cm㸧

ᯝᐇ⦪ᚄ
㸦Lʥ

⾲ᖺ

8.2

ᶆ‽

D/L

ᯝᐇ㔜
㸦gFW㸧

ᯝ⫗Ṍྜ
㸦㸣㸧

Brix
㸦㸣㸧

㓟ᗘ
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6.1 bx1.35 a

199 b

79.1

13.3

1.85

8.1

6.4 b

1.26 ab

201 b

77.8

13.6

1.65

⿬ᖺ

8.5

7.1 a

1.20 b

236 a

76.4

13.2

1.67

ศᩓศᯒ w

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➨ ⾲ ᶞ┦࡟ᛂࡌࡓ╔ᯝ⟶⌮ἲࡀ͂ࡣࡿࡳ̓ࡢ⩣ᖺࡢ╔ⰼ࡟ཬࡰࡍᙳ㡪㸦2018-2019ʥ๓ᖺࡢᶞ┦ zz⤖ᯝẕᯞᙜࡓࡾⓎ⏕ᩘ㸦2019㸧୍⠇ᙜࡓࡾⓎ⏕ᩘ㸦2019㸧

┤ⰼ

᭷ⴥⰼ

඲ⰼ

᪂ᲈ

┤ⰼ

᭷ⴥⰼ

඲ⰼ

᪂ᲈ

⾲ᖺ

8.1 ay3.2

11.3 a1.1

1.18 a0.59

1.77 a0.15

ᶆ‽

3.9 ab

5.5

9.3 a

1.9

0.56 b

0.69

1.25 b

0.21

⿬ᖺ

0.4 b

2.8

3.2 b

2.7

0.05 c0.34

0.39 c0.35ศᩓศᯒ x

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NS

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NS

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NS

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NS

┤ᚄ0.9 cm㸦⾲ᖺ㸧㸪0.8 cm㸦ᶆ‽㸪⿬ᖺࡢ╔ᯝࡀከ࠸㒊఩㸧ࡢᯞ࡟ᯝᐇ1ಶ╔ᯝɾ⿬ᖺࡢ╔ᯝࡀࡲࡤࡽ࡞㒊఩ࡣ┤ᚄ1.2 cmࡢᯞ࡟ᯝᐇ2ಶ╔ᯝ㸪┤ᚄ1.4 cmࡢᯞ࡟ᯝᐇ3ಶ╔ᯝyྠ୍ิෆࡢ␗࡞ࡿᩥᏐ㛫࡛Tukeyࡢከ㔜᳨ᐃ࡟ࡼࡾ5㸣Ỉ‽࡛᭷ពᕪࡀ࠶ࡿࡇ࡜ࢆ♧ࡍx**ࡣ1㸣Ỉ‽࡛᭷ពᛶࡀ࠶ࡾ㸪NSࡣ᭷ពᛶࡀ࡞࠸ࡇ࡜ࢆ♧ࡍ

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➨㸲❶ ࢝ࣥ࢟ࢶ͂ࡣࡿࡳ̓࡟࠾ࡅࡿ㈓ⶶ୰ࡢ㞀ᐖᯝⓎ⏕࡟ཬࡰࡍ࣏࢚ࣜࢳࣞࣥໟ⿦࡜ᯝᐇ
ࢧ࢖ࢬࡢᙳ㡪㸲㸯 ⥴ゝ࢝ࣥ࢟ࢶ͂ࡣࡿࡳ̓㸦Ύぢ×࣏ࣥ࢝ࣥ㸧㸦‘Kiyomi’ tangor㸦Citrus unshiu × C. sinensis㸧× ponkan
㸦C. reticulata㸧㸧ࡣ㸪㎰◊ᶵᵓ㸦㎰ᴗ࣭㣗ရ⏘ᴗᢏ⾡⥲ྜ◊✲ᶵᵓ㸧࡟ࡼࡾ⫱ᡂࡉࢀࡓရ✀࡛㸪
1999 ᖺ࡟ရ✀Ⓩ㘓ࡉࢀࡓ㸦ྜྷ⏣ࡽ㸪2000㸧
㸬2017 ᖺࡢ᱂ᇵ㠃✚ࡣ 471 ha㸪⏕⏘㔞ࡣ 5626 t ࡟㐩ࡋ㸪୺࡟ᗈᓥ┴㸪ឡ፾┴㸪㟼ᒸ┴࡞࡝࡛⏕⏘ࡉࢀ࡚࠸ࡿ㸦㎰ᯘỈ⏘┬⏕⏘ᒁᅬⱁస≀ㄢ㸪
2017㸧
㸬͂ࡣࡿࡳ̓ࡢ཰✭ᮇࡣ᱂ᇵ㐺ᆅ࡟࠾࠸࡚ 1 ᭶࡛㸪㈓ⶶᚋࡢῶ㓟≧ἣ࡟ᛂࡌ࡚ฟⲴ᫬ᮇ
ࡀỴࡵࡽࢀࡿࡓࡵฟⲴ᫬ᮇࡣ 2 ᭶࠿ࡽ 3 ᭶࡛࠶ࡿ㸬ࡋ࠿ࡋ㸪1 ᭶࡟㢖⦾࡟ᐮἼ࡟ぢ⯙ࢃࢀࡿᆅᇦࡸ㸪཰✭ணᐃᮇ࡟ᐮἼࡢく᮶ࡀண᝿ࡉࢀࡿᖺࡣ㸪ணᐃࡼࡾࡶ᪩ᮇ࡟཰✭ࡍࡿᚲせࡀ⏕ࡌࡿ㸦Takishita ࡽ㸪2008㸧㸬ࡲࡓ㸪ᆅ⌫つᶍ࡛ࡢ ᬮ໬ࡢ㐍⾜➼࡟ࡼࡿ⛅෤Ꮨࡢ㧗 ࡣࢡࣛࢵ࢟
ࣥࢢࡸỈ⭉ࢀ࡞࡝ࡢᯝ⓶㞀ᐖࢆຓ㛗ࡍࡿࡓࡵ㸪᪩ᮇࡢ཰✭ࡀồࡵࡽࢀࡿ㸦℧ୗ㸪2020㸧㸬୍⯡ⓗ࡟཰✭᫬ᮇࡀ᪩ࡲࡿ࡜ᯝᐇࡢ㓟ᗘࡀ㧗࠸≧ែ࡛཰✭ࡉࢀࡿഴྥ࡟࠶ࡿ㸬ࡲࡓ㸪ᑠࡉ࠸ࢧ࢖
ࢬࡢᯝᐇ㸦ஂᯇࡽ㸪2005㸧ࡸኟᏘ࡟ᙉ࠸Ỉࢫࢺࣞࢫࢆཷࡅࡓሙྜ࡟ࡶ㓟⃰ᗘࡀ㧗࠸ഴྥࡀࡳ
ࡽࢀࡿ㸬ᯝỒ୰ࡢ㓟⃰ᗘࡣ㸪཰✭ᚋ㸪㈓ⶶ୰࡟ᚎࠎ࡟ῶᑡࡍࡿࡓࡵ㸪཰✭᫬࡟㓟ࡀ㧗࠿ࡗࡓᯝᐇࡣ㸪㐺ษ࡞㓟⃰ᗘ࡟࡞ࡿࡲ࡛㈓ⶶࡍࡿࡇ࡜࡛ฟⲴࡍࡿࡇ࡜ࡀ࡛ࡁࡿࡼ࠺࡟࡞ࡿ㸬ࡇࡢࡼ࠺࡟㸪௒ᚋ㸪
͂ࡣࡿࡳ̓࡟࠾࠸࡚㸪㓟㧗ᯝᐇࡀቑຍࡍࡿࡇ࡜ࡀண᝿ࡉࢀ㸪㛗ᮇ㛫ࡢ㈓ⶶࡀồࡵࡽࢀࡿྍ⬟ᛶࡀ࠶ࡿ㸬͂ࡣࡿࡳ̓ࡣ㸪ᯝᐇࢧ࢖ࢬࡀࡤࡽࡘࡁࡸࡍ࠸≉ᚩࡀ࠶ࡿ㸬ࡲࡓ㸪ᯝᐇ⢾ᗘ࡜㓟ᗘࡣᑠࡉ࠸
ᯝᐇ࡛㧗ࡃ㸪ῶ㓟ࢆ⪃៖ࡍࡿ࡜ 2L ࡛ඃࢀࡿ࡜ࡉࢀࡿࡀ㸪L ࢧ࢖ࢬ௨ୖࡢᯝᐇ࡛ࡣ 1 ᭶୰᪪࡟⢏໬⑕ࡀⓎ⏕ࡍࡿ࡜ࡢሗ࿌ࡀ࠶ࡿ㸦ஂᯇࡽ㸪2005㸧㸬ⴭ⪅ࡽࡢࡇࢀࡲ࡛ࡢ◊✲࡟࠾࠸࡚㸦Takishitaࡽ㸪2019㸧㸪ᖖ

࡛ 5 ᭶୰᪪ࡲ࡛㈓ⶶࡋࡓ‘ࡣࡿࡳ’ᯝᐇࡢ࠺ࡕ㸪M㸪L 㝵⣭࡛ᯝ⓶ࡢⴎ෼࡜ᾋ

⓶ࡀ㢧ⴭ࡛࠶ࡿࡇ࡜㸪4L 㝵⣭࡛ᯝ⫗ࡢࡍୖࡀࡾࡀၥ㢟࡜࡞ࡿࡇ࡜ࢆ᫂ࡽ࠿࡟ࡋࡓ㸬ࡇࢀࡽࡢ⤖ᯝࡣ㸪ᯝᐇࡢ኱ࡁࡉ࡟ࡼࡾ㞀ᐖᯝࡢⓎ⏕⛬ᗘࡀ␗࡞ࡿࡇ࡜ࢆ♧၀ࡋ࡚࠸ࡿ㸬࢝ࣥ࢟ࢶࡣ⏑ኟ㸪ࢿ࣮ࣈࣝ࢜ࣞࣥࢪ㸪Ύぢ࡞࡝ᯝ⓶࡜ᯝ⫗ࡀᐦ╔ࡋ࡚࠸ࡿ⥭⓶ᛶ࢝ࣥ࢟ࢶ
࡜࢘ࣥࢩ࣑ࣗ࢘࢝ࣥࡸ͂ࡣࡿࡳ̓ࡢࡼ࠺࡟ᯝ⓶࡜ᯝ⫗ࡀ㞳ࢀࡸࡍ࠸ᐶ⓶ᛶ࢝ࣥ࢟ࢶ㸦࣐ࣥࢲࣜࣥ㢮㸧࡟ศࡅࡽࢀࡿ㸬⥭⓶ᛶ࢝ࣥ࢟ࢶࡣ㧗‵ᗘ᮲௳ୗࡢ㈓ⶶ࡟㐺ࡋ࡚࠾ࡾ㸪ᕝ㔝ࢼࢶࢲ࢖ࢲ࢖㸦⏑ኟ㸧࡟࠾࠸࡚࣏࢚ࣜࢳࣞࣥ㸦PE㸧ໟ⿦ࡢ᭷⏝ᛶࡀሗ࿌ࡉࢀ࡚࠸ࡿ㸦✄ⴥ㸪1969㸹෠Ọࡽ㸪1982㸧㸬ࡲࡓ㸪͂୙▱ⅆ̓࠾ࡼࡧ͂ࡏ࡜࠿̓࡟࠾࠸࡚ࡶ㸪㈓ⶶᛶྥୖࢆ┠ⓗ࡜ࡋࡓ PE ಶ⿦㸦୰ᔲ㸪2014㸧㸪࠾ࡼࡧ㸪MA ໟ⿦㸦┦ᕝࡽ㸪2013㸹ᴬࡽ㸪2013㸧ࡀ⾜ࢃࢀ࡚࠸ࡿ㸬୍᪉㸪ᐶ⓶ᛶ࢝ࣥ࢟ࢶࡣ཰✭ᚋ㸪ẚ㍑ⓗ▷ᮇ㛫࡛㢼࿡➼ࡢရ㉁ຎ໬ࡀ㉳ࡇࡾࡸࡍ࠸࡜ࡉࢀ㸪࢘ࣥࢩ࣑ࣗ࢘࢝ࣥ࡟࠾࠸࡚᭱㐺࡞ᗘ᮲௳ࡀ᳨ウࡉࢀ࡚࠸ࡿ㸦ᯇᮏ㸪2014㸧㸬ࡲࡓ㸪࢘ࣥࢩ࣑ࣗ࢘࢝

ࣥ࡟࠾࠸࡚㧗‵ᗘ᮲௳ୗ࡛ᾋ⓶ࡀⓎ⏕ࡋࡸࡍ࠸ࡇ࡜ࡸ㸦Ἑ℩ࡽ㸪1984㸧
㸪͂ࡣࡿࡳ̓࡟࠾࠸࡚㸪PE ໟ⿦࡟ࡼࡾ⢏໬⑕ࡀⓎ⏕ࡍࡿ࡜ࡢሗ࿌ࡀ࠶ࡿ㸦Ᏻ➉㸪2015㸧㸬ࡇࡢࡓࡵ㸪⿄ෆࡀ㧗‵ᗘ࡟ಖ
ࡓࢀࡿ PE ໟ⿦ࡣ͂ࡣࡿࡳ࡛̓ࡣὀពࢆせࡍࡿ㸦୰ᔲ㸪2014㸧㸬ࡋ࠿ࡋ࡞ࡀࡽ㸪ࡑࡢ௚ࡢ㞀ᐖ
ᯝࡢⓎ⏕⛬ᗘ࡟ࡘ࠸࡚ሗ࿌ࡀ㝈ࡽࢀࡿ㸬ࡑࡇ࡛㸪ᮏ◊✲࡛ࡣ㸪ྛࢧ࢖ࢬࡢ͂ࡣࡿࡳ̓ᯝᐇ࡟࠾
࠸࡚㸪PE ໟ⿦ࡢ᭷↓㸪ໟ⿦᫬ᮇ࠾ࡼࡧᮇ㛫ࡀᯝᐇရ㉁࡜㞀ᐖᯝⓎ⏕⛬ᗘ࡟ཬࡰࡍᙳ㡪ࢆㄪᰝࡋࡓ㸬㸲-㸰 ᮦᩱ࠾ࡼࡧ᪉ἲ
㸯.ᮦᩱ
㟼ᒸᕷΎỈ༊⯆ὠ୰⏫࡟࠶ࡿ㎰◊ᶵᵓᯝᶞⲔᴗ◊✲㒊㛛࢝ࣥ࢟ࢶ◊✲㡿ᇦෆࡢᅡሙ࡟᱂᳜
ࡉࢀࡓ 8㹼11 ᖺ⏕࢝ࣛࢱࢳྎ͂ࡣࡿࡳ̓16 ᮏࢆ౪ヨࡋ㸪2017 ᖺ࠿ࡽ 2020 ᖺ࡟࠿ࡅ࡚ヨ㦂ࢆ⾜ࡗࡓ㸬ㄪᰝᶞࡢ๧ᐃࡣ㛫ᘬࡁࢆ୺య࡟⾜࠸㸪᦬ᯝࡣⴥᯝẚ 100 ࢆタᐃࡋ࡚⾜ࡗࡓ㸬⑓ᐖ⹸⟶⌮ࡣ㟼ᒸ┴ࡢ㜵㝖ᬺ࡟ᚑ࠸㸪᪋⫧ࡣᖺ㛫❅⣲᪋⏝㔞ࢆ 30kg࣭10a-1 ࡜ࡋ 4 ᅇ࡟ศࡅ࡚᪋⏝ࡋࡓ㸬ᯝᐇࡣᐮᐖ࡟ࡼࡿᙳ㡪ࢆ㑊ࡅࡿࡓࡵ 12 ᭶୰᪪࡟཰✭ࡋ㸪ᯝᐇࡢ┤ᚄ࡟ࡼࡾ௨ୗࡢᇶ‽࡛ྛ㝵⣭࡟㑅ูࡋࡓ㸸S㸦6.1㹼6.7 cm㸧
㸪M㸦6.7㹼7.3 cm㸧
㸪L㸦7.3㹼8.0 cm㸧
㸪2L㸦8.0㹼8.8 cm㸧㸪

3L㸦8.8㹼9.5 cm㸧
㸪4L㸦9.5 cm ௨ୖ㸧㸬2017 ᖺ 12 ᭶ 18 ᪥࠶ࡿ࠸ࡣ 2018 ᖺ 12 ᭶ 11 ᪥࡟཰✭ࡋࡓᯝᐇࡣ㸪ࡑࢀࡒࢀ 2018 ᖺ 1 ᭶ 23 ᪥࠶ࡿ࠸ࡣ 2018 ᖺ 12 ᭶ 18 ᪥ࡲ࡛ᖖ࡛㈓ⶶࡋࡓᚋ㸪ヨ㦂࡟౪ヨࡋࡓ㸬ᯝᐇࡣ㧗ࡉ 18 cm ࡢࣉࣛࢫࢸ࢕ࢵࢡ〇㈓ⶶ⟽࡟ධࢀ㸪┤ᑕ᪥ගࡀධࡽ࡞࠸㈓ⶶᗜ࡟࠾࠸࡚ᖖ

࡛㈓ⶶࡋࡓ㸬

㸰㸬࣏࢚ࣜࢳࣞࣥໟ⿦ฎ⌮PE ໟ⿦༊ࡢᯝᐇࡣᖜ 25 cm㸪⦪ 35 cm㸪ཌࡉ 0.02 mm ࡢ࣏࢚ࣜࢳࣞࣥ⿄࡟ᯝᐇࢆ 2 ಶ࠿ࡽ
3 ಶධࢀ㸪㛤ཱྀ㒊ࢆ 2 ᅇ࠿ࡽ 3 ᅇࡦࡡࡾ㈓ⶶ⟽࡟ධࢀࡓ㸬ࡲࡓ㸪㈓ⶶ⟽ୖ㒊࡜ PE ⿄ෆ࡟‵ᗘィ㸦Thermo Recorder TR-72nw㸪ࢸ࢕࢔ࣥࢻࢹ࢖㸦ᰴ㸧㸧ࢆタ⨨ࡋ㸪30 ศ㛫㝸࡛ ‵ᗘࢆ⮬ືᐃࡋࡓ㸬2017 ᖺ 12 ᭶࡟཰✭ࡋࡓᯝᐇ࡟ࡘ࠸࡚㸪ྛ㝵⣭ 5 ಶ㸦4L ࡢࡳ 3 ಶ㸧ࢆ↓ໟ⿦༊࡜࣏࢚ࣜࢳࣞࣥ㸦PE㸧ໟ⿦༊࡟౑⏝ࡋࡓ㸬PE ໟ⿦༊࡛ࡣ㸪2018 ᖺ 1 ᭶ 23 ᪥࡟ໟ⿦ࢆ㛤ጞࡋ㸪
5 ᭶୰᪪ࡲ࡛㈓ⶶࡋࡓ㸬2018 ᖺ 12 ᭶࡟཰✭ࡋࡓᯝᐇࡣ㸪ྛ㝵⣭ 3 ಶࢆ↓ໟ⿦༊㸪๓ᮇໟ⿦༊㸪ᚋᮇໟ⿦༊㸪඲ᮇ㛫ໟ⿦༊࡟ศࡅ࡚㸪2018 ᖺ 4 ᭶୰᪪ࡲ࡛㈓ⶶࡋࡓ㸬2018 ᖺ 12 ᭶ 18 ᪥࡟๓ᮇ࠾ࡼࡧ඲ᮇ㛫ໟ⿦༊࡛ PE ໟ⿦ࢆ㛤ጞࡋ㸪2019 ᖺ 2 ᭶ 19 ᪥࡟๓ᮇໟ⿦༊ࡢᯝᐇࢆ⿄࠿ࡽ࡜ࡾฟࡋ㸪ࡑࡢᚋ↓ໟ⿦࡛㈓ⶶࡋࡓ㸬ࡲࡓ㸪2019 ᖺ 2 ᭶ 19 ᪥࡟ᚋᮇໟ⿦༊࡛ PE ໟ⿦ࢆ㛤ጞࡋ㸪2019 ᖺ 4 ᭶୰᪪ࡲ࡛㈓ⶶࡋࡓ㸬㸱㸬ᯝᐇရ㉁ࡢㄪᰝ
ฎ⌮㛤ጞ๓㸦2018 ᖺ 1 ᭶ 22 ᪥࠾ࡼࡧ 2018 ᖺ 12 ᭶ 18 ᪥㸧࡟ᯝᐇࡢ㔜㔞ࢆ㟁Ꮚኳ⛗࡛ ᐃࡋࡓ㸬2018 ᖺ 5 ᭶ 18 ᪥㹼21 ᪥࠾ࡼࡧ 2019 ᖺ 4 ᭶ 15㹼16 ᪥࡟㈓ⶶࢆ⤊஢ࡋ㸪ᯝᐇရ㉁ࡢㄪ
ᰝࢆ⾜ࡗࡓ㸬ᯝᐇ㔜ࢆᐃࡋࡓᚋ㸪㟁Ꮚኳ⛗ୖ࡟Ỉࡀධࡗࡓᐜჾࢆ⨨ࡁ㸪ᯝᐇࢆỿࡵࡿᯟࢆ

୍ᐃࡢ㧗ࡉࡲ࡛ỿࡵ࡚ኳ⛗ࡢ್ࢆ 0 ࡜ࡋ㸪ᯝᐇࢆྠࡌ఩⨨ࡲ࡛ỿࡵ࡚ኳ⛗ࡢ್ࢆィࡋ࡚ᾋຊ࡜ࡋࡓ㸦㎰ᯘỈ⏘┬ᯝᶞヨ㦂ሙ⯆ὠᨭሙ㸪1987㸧
㸬ࡲࡓ㸪Ỉࡢẚ㔜ࢆ 1g࣭cm-3 ࡜௬ᐃࡋ㸪ᾋຊࢆᯝᐇయ✚࡜ࡋࡓ㸬ᯝᐇࡢẚ㔜ࡣᯝᐇ㔜ࢆᯝᐇయ✚࡛㝖ࡋ࡚ィ⟬ࡋࡓ㸬ࡑࡢᚋ㸪๤⓶ࡋ࡚ᯝ⫗㔜㔞ࢆᐃࡋ㸪ᯝ⫗Ṍྜࢆィ⟬ࡋࡓ㸬ᯝ⫗ࡣࣞࣔࣥ⤠ࡾჾ࡛ᦢỒࡋ㸪Ⲕࡇࡋ࡛ᅛᙧ≀ࢆ㝖ཤࡋࡓࡢࡕ㸪᪥ᅬ㐃⢾㓟ᗘศᯒ⿦⨨㸦ᇼሙ〇సᡤ㸦ᰴ㸧㸧࡛ᯝỒࡢ Brix ࡜ࢡ࢚ࣥ㓟⃰ᗘࢆ
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ᐃࡋࡓ㸬
㸲㸬㞀ᐖᯝⓎ⏕ᗘࡢㄪᰝᯝ⫗ࡣ㉥㐨㠃࡛ᶓ᩿ࡋ㸪⫗║࡛ࡢほᐹ࡟ࡼࡾ㞀ᐖᯝࡢⓎ⏕⛬ᗘࢆ࢝ࣥ࢟ࢶࡢㄪᰝ᪉ἲ㸦㎰ᯘỈ⏘┬ᯝᶞヨ㦂ሙ⯆ὠᨭሙ㸪1987㸧࡟‽ࡌ࡚ㄪᰝࡋࡓ㸬ᯝ⓶ࡢⴎ෼㸦➨ 10 ᅗ A㸧㸪ᾋ⓶㸦ྠB㸧㸪ᯝ⫗ࡢࡍୖࡀࡾ㸦ྠ D㸧࡟ࡘ࠸࡚ࡣ㸪6 ẁ㝵㸦0㸸೺඲㸪1㸸ᚤ㸪2㸸ᑡ㸪3㸸୰㸪4:ከ㸪5:⏒㸧࡛㸪ᯝ⫗ᔂቯ㸦ྠ C㸧࡟ࡘ࠸࡚ࡣ㸪4 ẁ㝵㸦0㸸೺඲㸪1㸸ᑡ㸪2㸸୰㸪3㸸ከ㸧ุ࡛ᐃࡋࡓ㸬ࡓࡔࡋ㸪3L㸪࠾ࡼࡧ 4L 㝵⣭ࡢᯝᐇ࡟࠾࠸࡚㸪ᯝⰺ௜㏆࡛◁ࡌࡻ࠺ࡀ኱ᆺ໬ࡋ࡚⣽⬊ቨࡀ⫧ཌࡋ㸪ⓑⰍ໬ࡍࡿ⑕≧ࡀほᐹࡉࢀࡿ౛ࡶࡳࡽࢀࡓ㸬ࡇࢀࡣ⢏໬⑕࡜ࡍୖࡀࡾࡀྠ᫬Ⓨ⏕ࡋࡓ࡜ุ᩿ࡋ㸪◁ࡌࡻ࠺ࡢⴎ⦰࡜㯤Ⰽ໬ࡢ㠃✚࡟ࡼࡾ㸪ࡍୖࡀࡾ⛬ᗘࢆุᐃࡋࡓ㸬ᚓࡽࢀࡓࢹ࣮ࢱ࠿ࡽᖹᆒ್ࢆ⟬ฟࡍࡿ࡜࡜ࡶ࡟㸪ࣃࢯࢥࣥ⏝ࢯࣇࢺ࢙࢘࢔࣮Excel ⤫ィ㸦♫఍᝟ሗࢧ࣮ࣅࢫ㸦ᰴ㸧㸧ࢆ⏝࠸࡚㸪2 ඖ㓄⨨ࡲࡓࡣ 1 ඖ㓄⨨ࡢศᩓศᯒࢆ⾜࠸㸪Tukey ࡟ࡼࡿฎ⌮༊ෆከ㔜᳨ᐃࢆ⾜ࡗࡓ㸬ࡲࡓ㸪2018 ᖺ 5 ᭶࡜ 2019 ᖺ 4 ᭶ࡢ඲ᯝᐇࢹ࣮ࢱࢆ⏝࠸࡚ῶ㔞Ṍྜ㸪య✚ቑῶ⋡㸪ᯝᐇẚ㔜࡜㞀ᐖᯝⓎ⏕⛬ᗘ࡜ࡢ┦㛵㛵ಀࢆィ⟬ࡋࡓ㸬ᚓࡽࢀࡓ┦㛵ಀᩘ࡟ࡘ࠸࡚㸪F ᳨ᐃ࡟ࡼࡾ 5㸣࠾ࡼࡧ 1㸣Ỉ‽࡛᭷ពᛶࢆ᳨ᐃࡋࡓ㸬㸲-㸱 ⤖  ᯝ
㸯㸬㈓ⶶ୰ࡢ‵ᗘࡢ᥎⛣㈓ⶶ⟽࠾ࡼࡧ PE ⿄ෆࡢ ᗘࡣ↓ໟ⿦༊࡜ PE ໟ⿦༊࡛࡯ࡰྠࡌ್ࢆ♧ࡋ㸪ᖹᆒẼ ࡣ 2018ᖺࡢ⟽ෆࡀ 13.0Υ㸪PE ⿄ෆࡀ 13.1Υ㸪2018㹼2019 ᖺࡀ୧༊࡜ࡶ࡟ 10.4Υ࡛࠶ࡗࡓ㸦➨ 11 ᅗ㸧㸬↓ໟ⿦༊࡟࠾࠸࡚㸪᪥ᖹᆒ‵ᗘࡣኳೃࡢᙳ㡪ࢆཷࡅኚືࡀ኱ࡁࡃ㸪2018 ᖺࡢ᭱㧗್࡜᭱ప್
ࡀࡑࢀࡒࢀ 98.5㸣࠾ࡼࡧ 35.9㸣㸪2018㹼2019 ᖺࡣྠᵝ࡟ 91.7㸣࠾ࡼࡧ 36.0㸣ࡔࡗࡓ㸬ࡲࡓ㸪᫨ኪ㛫ᕪࡶ኱ࡁࡃ㸪ኪ㛫㧗‵ᗘ㸪᪥୰ప‵ᗘ࡛᥎⛣ࡋࡓ㸦ࢹ࣮ࢱ┬␎㸧㸬ᮇ㛫ࢆ㏻ࡋ࡚ࡢᖹᆒ
‵ᗘࡣ 2018 ᖺࡀ 70.5㸣㸪2019 ᖺࡀ 61.5㸣࡛࠶ࡗࡓ㸬୍᪉㸪PE ⿄ෆࡢᖹᆒ‵ᗘࡣ 2018 ᖺࡀ
99.7㸣㸪2019 ᖺࡀ 99.1㸣࡛㸪᪥ኚື㸪࠾ࡼࡧ᫨ኪ㛫ᕪࡣᑠࡉ࠿ࡗࡓ㸦➨ 11 ᅗ㸧㸬㸰㸬ᯝᐇࢧ࢖ࢬ࠾ࡼࡧ PE ໟ⿦ࡢ᭷↓ࡀᯝᐇရ㉁࡟ཬࡰࡍᙳ㡪㈓ⶶ୰࡟Ⓨ⏕ࡋࡓ⭉ᩋᯝࡣ↓ໟ⿦༊ࡢ L ࢧ࢖ࢬࡀ 1 ಶ㸪PE ໟ⿦༊ࡢ M㸪L㸪3L ࢧ࢖ࢬࡀࡑ
ࢀࡒࢀ 3 ಶ㸪1 ಶ㸪2 ಶ࡛㸪PE ฎ⌮㛫࡛᭷ព࡞ᕪࡣㄆࡵࡽࢀ࡞࠿ࡗࡓ㸬ṧࡗࡓᯝᐇ࡟ࡘ࠸࡚
⾜ࡗࡓᯝᐇရ㉁ㄪᰝࡢ⤖ᯝࢆ➨ 8 ⾲࡟♧ࡍ㸬ᯝᐇ㔜㔞ࡣ↓ໟ⿦༊࡛⣙ 20㸣ῶᑡࡋࡓ㸬↓ໟ⿦༊࡟࠾ࡅࡿῶ㔞Ṍྜࡣ㸪ᯝᐇࢧ࢖ࢬ࡟ࡼࡗ࡚᭷ព࡞ᕪࡣㄆࡵࡽࢀ࡞࠿ࡗࡓ㸬PE ໟ⿦༊࡟࠾ࡅ
ࡿῶ㔞Ṍྜࡣ㸪࠸ࡎࢀࡢࢧ࢖ࢬ࡛ࡶ 2㸣ྎࢆ♧ࡋ㸪↓ໟ⿦༊ࡢࡶࡢ࡜ẚ࡭࡚᭷ព࡟ప࠿ࡗࡓ㸬㈓ⶶᚋࡢᯝᐇయ✚ࡣ↓ໟ⿦༊࡛ 5㹼18㸣ῶᑡࡋࡓ㸬ࡇࢀ࡟ᑐࡋ㸪PE ໟ⿦༊ࡢᯝᐇయ✚ࡣ 2㹼
14㸣ቑຍࡋ㸪PE ໟ⿦ࡢ᭷↓࡛᭷ព࡞ᕪࡀࡳࡽࢀࡓ㸬୍᪉㸪ᯝᐇయ✚ቑῶ⋡࡟࠾࠸࡚㸪ᯝᐇࢧ࢖ࢬ࡟ࡼࡿᕪࡣㄆࡵࡽࢀ࡞࠿ࡗࡓ㸬㈓ⶶᚋࡢᯝᐇẚ㔜ࡣ㸪ໟ⿦ࡢ᭷↓࡟㛵ࢃࡽࡎ㸪ᯝᐇࢧ࢖ࢬࡀ኱ࡁࡃ࡞ࡿ࡯࡝పୗࡋࡓ㸬ࡲࡓ㸪PE ໟ⿦༊࡛ࡣ↓ໟ⿦༊ࡼࡾࡶ᭷ព࡟㧗࠿ࡗࡓ㸬ᯝ⫗Ṍྜࡣ PE ໟ⿦ࡢ᭷↓࡜ᯝᐇࢧ࢖ࢬࡢ୧᪉ࡢᙳ㡪ࢆཷࡅࡓ㸬PE ໟ⿦༊ࡣ↓ໟ⿦༊ࡼࡾ㸪ࡲࡓ㸪ᑠࡉ࠸ࢧ࢖ࢬࡢᯝᐇࡣ኱ࡁ࠸ࡶࡢࡼࡾᯝ⫗Ṍྜࡀ㧗࠿ࡗࡓ㸬ᯝỒ୰ࡢ Brix ࡣ㸪PE ໟ⿦༊࡛ࡢࡳᯝᐇࢧ࢖ࢬ࡟ࡼࡿ㐪࠸ࡀㄆࡵࡽࢀࡓ㸬ࡲࡓ㸪PE ໟ⿦༊ࡢ Brix ࡣ↓ໟ⿦༊ࡢࡶࡢࡼࡾ
ࡶ᭷ព࡟ప࠿ࡗࡓ㸬୍᪉㸪ᯝỒ୰ࡢ㓟ᗘࡣ㸪PE ໟ⿦ࡢ᭷↓࡜ᯝᐇࢧ࢖ࢬ㛫࡛஺஫స⏝ࡀㄆࡵࡽࢀࡓ㸬ࡍ࡞ࢃࡕ㸪↓ໟ⿦༊ࡢ M ࢧ࢖ࢬࡢ㓟ᗘࡣ 0.60㸣ࢆ♧ࡋ㸪2L ࢧ࢖ࢬࡢ 0.43㸣࡜ẚ࡭࡚᭷ព࡟㧗࠿ࡗࡓࡀ㸪PE ໟ⿦༊࡛ࡣᯝᐇࢧ࢖ࢬ࡟ࡼࡿ᭷ពᕪࡣ᳨ฟࡉࢀ࡞࠿ࡗࡓ㸬ྛฎ⌮༊࡟࠾ࡅࡿ㞀ᐖᯝࡢⓎ⏕⛬ᗘࢆ➨ 9 ⾲࡟♧ࡍ㸬ᯝ⓶ࡢⴎ෼ࡣ㸪PE ໟ⿦࡟ࡼࡾ㸪ࡲࡓ㸪ᯝᐇࢧ࢖ࢬࡀᑠࡉ࠸࡯࡝ᢚไࡉࢀࡓ㸬ᾋ⓶ࡣ↓ໟ⿦༊࡟࠾࠸࡚ᯝᐇࢧ࢖ࢬࡢᙳ㡪ࡀ኱ࡁࡃ㸪
3L ࠾ࡼࡧ 4L ࢧ࢖ࢬ࡛ 2 ௨ୖ࡜࡞ࡾ㸪M ࠾ࡼࡧ L ࢧ࢖ࢬ࡜ẚ࡭࡚᭷ព࡟㧗࠿ࡗࡓ㸬ᯝ⫗ᔂቯࡣ↓ໟ⿦༊ࡢᑠࡉ࡞ࢧ࢖ࢬࡢᯝᐇ࡛ほᐹࡉࢀࡓࡀ㸪᭷ពᕪࡣㄆࡵࡽࢀ࡞࠿ࡗࡓ㸬ࡍୖࡀࡾࡣ
↓ໟ⿦༊ࡢ 2L ௨ୖࡢࢧ࢖ࢬ࡛ 2 ௨ୖࡢ್ࢆ♧ࡋࡓ㸬ࡇࡢࡼ࠺࡞ᯝᐇ࡛ࡣ㸪◁ࡌࡻ࠺ࡢ஝⇱ࡀ㐍ࡳ㸪ෆ㒊࡟✵Ὕࡀ⏕ࡌ࡚ⴎ⦰ࡋ㸪ᯝ⫗ⰍࡣᶳⰍ࠿ࡽ㯤ⓑⰍ࡟ኚ໬ࡋ࡚࠸ࡓ㸦➨ 10 ᅗ D㸧㸬PE ໟ⿦༊࡛ࡣࡇࡢ⑕≧ࡀ࡯࡜ࢇ࡝ࡳࡽࢀࡎ㸪ࡍୖࡀࡾࡀ㢧ⴭ࡟ᢚไࡉࢀࡓ㸬
㸱㸬PE ໟ⿦᫬ᮇ࡜ᮇ㛫ࡀᯝᐇရ㉁࡟ཬࡰࡍᙳ㡪

㈓ⶶ୰࡟Ⓨ⏕ࡋࡓ⭉ᩋᯝࡣᚋᮇໟ⿦༊ࡢ M㸪L ࢧ࢖ࢬࡀࡑࢀࡒࢀ 1 ಶ࡛㸪PE ฎ⌮㛫࡟᭷ព࡞ᕪࡣㄆࡵࡽࢀ࡞࠿ࡗࡓ㸬⭉ᩋࡋ࡞࠿ࡗࡓᯝᐇ࡟ࡘ࠸࡚ࡢᯝᐇရ㉁ㄪᰝ⤖ᯝࢆ➨ 10 ⾲࡟♧ࡍ㸬ᯝᐇࡢῶ㔞Ṍྜࡣ↓ໟ⿦༊ࡀ᭱ࡶ㧗ࡃ㸪ḟ࠸࡛๓ᮇ࠾ࡼࡧᚋᮇໟ⿦༊㸪඲ᮇ㛫ໟ⿦༊ࡢ㡰ࡔࡗࡓ㸬㈓ⶶᚋࡢᯝᐇయ✚ࡣ㸪㈓ⶶ๓࡜ẚ࡭࡚↓ໟ⿦༊࡛ 25㸣ῶᑡࡋࡓࡢ࡟ᑐࡋ㸪඲ᮇ㛫ໟ⿦༊࡛ࡣ 6㸣ቑຍࡋࡓ㸬ࡲࡓ㸪๓ᮇ࠾ࡼࡧᚋᮇໟ⿦༊࡛ࡣ࠸ࡎࢀࡶయ✚ࡀῶᑡࡋ࡚࠾ࡾ㸪ᯝᐇయ✚ቑῶ⋡ࡣᚋᮇໟ⿦༊ࡼࡾ๓ᮇໟ⿦༊࡛᭷ព࡟ప࠿ࡗࡓ㸬㈓ⶶᚋࡢᯝᐇẚ㔜ࡣ㸪ᚋᮇໟ⿦༊࡛↓ໟ⿦༊࠾ࡼࡧ๓ᮇໟ⿦༊ࡼࡾࡶ᭷ព࡟ప࠿ࡗࡓ㸬ᯝ⫗Ṍྜࡣ㸪ᚋᮇໟ⿦༊࡜඲ᮇ㛫ໟ⿦༊ࡀ๓ᮇໟ⿦༊ࡼࡾࡶ᭷ព࡟ప࠿ࡗࡓ㸬ᯝỒ୰ࡢ Brixࡢᖹᆒ್ࡣ↓ໟ⿦༊㸪๓ᮇ࠾ࡼࡧᚋᮇໟ⿦༊㸪඲ᮇ㛫ໟ⿦༊ࡢ㡰࡟㧗ࡃ㸪↓ໟ⿦༊ࡣ๓ᮇ࠾
ࡼࡧ඲ᮇ㛫ໟ⿦༊ࡼࡾࡶ㸪ࡲࡓ㸪๓ᮇໟ⿦༊ࡣ඲ᮇ㛫ໟ⿦༊ࡼࡾࡶ᭷ព࡟㧗࠿ࡗࡓ㸬㓟ᗘ࡛ࡣฎ⌮༊࡟ࡼࡿ᭷ព࡞ᕪࡀㄆࡵࡽࢀ࡞࠿ࡗࡓ㸬ᯝ⓶ࡢⴎ෼ࡣ㸪ᚋᮇໟ⿦༊࡜඲ᮇ㛫ໟ⿦༊࡛↓ໟ⿦༊࠾ࡼࡧ๓ᮇໟ⿦༊࡟ẚ࡭࡚᭷ព࡟ᢚ
ไࡉࢀࡓ㸦➨ 11 ⾲㸧㸬ࡲࡓ㸪๓ᮇໟ⿦༊࡟࠾ࡅࡿᯝ⓶ⴎ෼ࡢ⛬ᗘࡣ㸪↓ໟ⿦༊ࡢࡶࡢࡼࡾ᭷
ព࡟ప࠿ࡗࡓ㸬ᾋ⓶Ⓨ⏕⛬ᗘࡣ㸪ᚋᮇໟ⿦༊ࡀ↓ໟ⿦༊ࡼࡾࡶ᭷ព࡟㧗࠿ࡗࡓ㸬ᯝ⫗ᔂቯ࡜ࡍୖࡀࡾࡢ⛬ᗘ࡟࠾࠸࡚㸪ฎ⌮㛫ࡢ᭷ព࡞ᕪࡣㄆࡵࡽࢀ࡞࠿ࡗࡓ㸬
㸲.ῶ㔞Ṍྜ㸪య✚ቑῶ⋡㸪ᯝᐇẚ㔜࡜ᯝᐇ㞀ᐖⓎ⏕⛬ᗘ࡜ࡢ㛵ಀᯝ⓶ࡢⴎ෼࡟࠾࠸࡚㸪ῶ㔞Ṍྜ࠾ࡼࡧᯝᐇయ✚ቑῶ⋡࡜ࡢ㛫࡟ࡑࢀࡒࢀṇ࠶ࡿ࠸ࡣ㈇ࡢᙉ
࠸┦㛵ࡀㄆࡵࡽࢀࡓ㸬ᾋ⓶࡟࠾࠸࡚ࡣ㸪ᯝᐇẚ㔜㸪య✚ቑῶ⋡㸪ῶ㔞Ṍྜࡢ࠸ࡎࢀࡢせ⣲࡜ࡶ᭷ព࡞┦㛵ࡀㄆࡵࡽࢀ㸪≉࡟ᯝᐇẚ㔜࡜ᙉ࠸㈇ࡢ┦㛵ࢆ♧ࡋࡓ㸬ᯝ⫗ᔂቯࡣῶ㔞Ṍྜ࡜ṇࡢ┦㛵ࢆ㸪ࡍୖࡀࡾࡣᯝᐇẚ㔜࡜㈇ࡢ㸪ῶ㔞Ṍྜ࡜ṇࡢ┦㛵ࢆ♧ࡋࡓ㸦➨ 12 ⾲㸧㸬㸲-㸲 ⪃  ᐹ㸯㸬PE ໟ⿦࡟ࡼࡿᯝ⓶ⴎ෼ࡢᢚไ
࢝ࣥ࢟ࢶᯝᐇࡣ㈓ⶶ୰࡟Ỉศࡢ⵨ᩓ࡛ᯝ⓶ࡀⴎ෼ࡋ㔜㔞ࡀపୗࡍࡿ㸦ఀᗞ㸪1978㸧
㸬⵨ᩓస



⏝ࡣ

ᗘࡀ㧗ࡃ‵ᗘࡀప࠸࡯࡝ಁ㐍ࡉࢀࡿ㸬ᮏヨ㦂࡟࠾࠸࡚ࡶ↓ໟ⿦࡛ࡢ㈓ⶶ࡛㔜㔞ᦆኻࡀㄆࡵࡽࢀ࡚࠾ࡾ㸪ࡇࢀࡣ㈓ⶶ୰ࡢᖹᆒẼ ࡀ 10Υࢆ㉸࠼㸪‵ᗘࡀ 60㹼70㸣࡛᥎⛣ࡋࡓࡇ࡜ࡀ
ཎᅉ࡜⪃࠼ࡽ࠼ࡽࢀࡿ㸬ࡇࢀ࡟ᑐࡋ㸪PE ໟ⿦༊࡛ࡣ‵ᗘࡀ㧗ࡃ⥔ᣢࡉࢀ㸪㈓ⶶᮇ㛫ࡢ༙ᮇࢆ↓ໟ⿦࡜ࡋ࡚ࡶ㸪ῶ㔞ᢚไຠᯝࡀࡳࡽࢀࡓ㸬㈓ⶶ୰ࡢᯝᐇయ✚ࡢቑῶ࡟㛵ࡋ࡚ࡣ㸪࢘ࣥࢩ࣑ࣗ࢘࢝ࣥ࡟࠾࠸࡚┦ᑐ‵ᗘࡀ 97㸣௨ୖ࡛ቑຍࡍࡿ࡜ࡢሗ࿌ࡀ࠶ࡿ㸦Ἑ℩㸪1984㸧㸬ᮏヨ㦂࡟࠾࠸࡚඲ᮇ㛫 PE ໟ⿦༊࡛ᯝᐇయ✚ࡀቑຍࡍࡿࡇ࡜ࡀほᐹࡉࢀࡓ㸬ࡇࢀࡣ㸪PE ໟ⿦ෆࡢ‵ᗘࡀ 100㸣࡟㏆࠸≧ែ࡟࡞ࡗ࡚࠾ࡾ㸪ᯝ⓶ࡀ⭾₶ࡋࡓࡇ࡜ࡀཎᅉ࡜ᛮࢃࢀࡿ㸬୍᪉㸪↓ໟ⿦༊࡟࠾࠸࡚ࡣᯝᐇయ✚ࡀῶᑡࡋ࡚࠾ࡾ㸪ࡇࢀࡣᯝ⓶࠿ࡽࡢỈศᦆኻ࡟ࡼࡾᯝ⓶ࡸᯝ⫗ࡀ཰⦰ࡋࡓࡶࡢ࡜ᛮࢃࢀࡿ㸬ᯝ⓶ࡢⴎ෼ࡣ㸪ᯝᐇࡢ㔜㔞࠾ࡼࡧయ✚ࡢῶᑡࡀᑠࡉ࠸࡯࡝ᢚไࡉࢀࡓ㸦➨ 12 ⾲㸧
㸬PE ໟ⿦
࡟ࡣᯝᐇ㔜㔞ࡢῶᑡࢆᢚ࠼㸪ᯝᐇయ✚ࢆቑຍࡉࡏࡿຠᯝࡀ࠶ࡾ㸪ࡇࡢࡇ࡜ࡀᯝ⓶ⴎ෼ࢆᢚไ
ࡉࡏࡓ࡜⪃࠼ࡽࢀࡓ㸬ࡲࡓ㸪ᯝ⓶ࡢⴎ෼࡜ᯝᐇẚ㔜࡜ࡢ㛫࡟ṇࡢ┦㛵㛵ಀࡀㄆࡵࡽࢀࡓ㸬ᯝ⓶ⴎ෼࡜ᯝᐇࢧ࢖ࢬ࡜ࡢ㛵ಀ࡟ࡘ࠸࡚㸪5 ࢝᭶㈓ⶶࡢ↓ໟ⿦༊࡟࠾࠸࡚ M㸪L ᯝ࡛ 1 ௨ୖ㸪
2L ௨ୖ࡛ 1 ௨ୗ࡜࡞ࡾ㸪ᑠࡉ࠸ᯝᐇ࡛ᯝ⓶ࡢ཰⦰⛬ᗘࡀ኱ࡁ࠿ࡗࡓࡶࡢ࡜᥎ᐹࡉࢀࡿ㸬㸰㸬ᾋ⓶ࡢⓎ⏕࡜ᯝᐇẚ㔜࡜ࡢ㛵㐃ᶓᑿࡽ㸦1963㸧࡟ࡼࡿ࡜㸪ᯝᐇẚ㔜ࡣᾋ⓶✵㛫ࡢ௚࡟ᯝ⓶࡜ᯝ⫗ࡢẚ㔜࡟ࡼࡗ࡚ᙳ㡪ࢆཷࡅࡿࡓࡵ㸪ᾋ⓶✵㛫࡜ࡋ࡚ᾋ⓶㸣ࢆ࠸࡚ࡣᯝᐇẚ㔜ࢆᐃࡋ㸪ᯝᐇẚ㔜࡜ࡢ㛵㐃ࢆ᫂ࡽ࠿࡟ࡋࡓ㸬ᮏヨ㦂࡟࠾ᐃࡋ࡚࠾ࡾ㸪ᯝ⓶࡜ᯝ⫗ࡢ㛫ࡢ✵㝽௨እ࡟㸪ᯝ⓶࡜ᯝ⫗ࡢẚ㔜ࡀ཯ᫎࡉࢀ࡚࠸ࡿࡶࡢ࡜⪃࠼ࡽࢀࡿ㸬ᯝᐇࡢẚ㔜ࡣ㸪㈓ⶶ๓࡟࠾࠸࡚ᑠࡉ࠸ᯝᐇ࡛㧗࠸ഴྥࡀࡳࡽࢀ
ࡿࡇ࡜ࡀሗ࿌ࡉࢀ࡚࠸ࡿ㸦ஂᯇࡽ㸪2005㸹Takishita ࡽ㸪2019㸧㸬ᮏヨ㦂࡛ࡣ㸪㈓ⶶᚋࡢᯝᐇẚ㔜ࢆㄪᰝࡋࡓࡀ㸪㈓ⶶ๓࡜ྠᵝ㸪ᑠࡉ࠸ᯝᐇ࡛ẚ㔜ࡀ㧗࠸ഴྥࡀㄆࡵࡽࢀࡓ㸬ࡲࡓ㸪࢘ࣥࢩ࣑ࣗ࢘࢝ࣥ࡟࠾࠸࡚㸪࣏࢚ࣜࢳࣞࣥໟ⿦༊࡛ࡣ⣬⿄ໟ⿦༊ࡼࡾẚ㔜ࡀపୗࡋ㸪ᾋ⓶ࡀቑ኱ࡋࡓ࡜ࡢሗ࿌ࡀ࠶ࡿ㸦Ἑ℩㸪1984㸧㸬ᮏヨ㦂࡟࠾ࡅࡿ 5 ࢝᭶㈓ⶶ࡛ࡣ㸪PE ໟ⿦༊࡜ẚ࡭࡚↓ໟ⿦༊࡛ẚ㔜ࡢపୗࡀ㢧ⴭ࡛࠶ࡗࡓ㸬ࡇࢀࡣ㈓ⶶᮇ㛫ࡀ㛗ࡃ㸪⵨ᩓస⏝࡟ࡼࡾᯝ⫗ෆࡢỈศࡶᦆኻࡋ㸪య✚ࡢῶᑡ௨ୖ࡟㔜㔞ࡢῶᑡࡀ኱ࡁ࠿ࡗࡓࡓࡵ࡜⪃࠼ࡽࢀࡿ㸬ࡲࡓ㸪ᯝᐇẚ㔜࡜ᾋ⓶Ⓨ⏕⛬ᗘࡣᙉ࠸㈇ࡢ┦㛵㛵ಀࢆ♧ࡋ㸦➨ 12 ⾲㸧
㸪3L ࡜ 4L ࡢᯝᐇࡣᯝᐇẚ㔜ࡀ 0.7 ௨ୗ࡛ᾋ⓶Ⓨ⏕⛬ᗘࡣ 2 ௨ୖ࡜࡞ࡗࡓ㸬ࡇࡢࡇ࡜࠿ࡽ㸪ᯝᐇࢧ࢖ࢬࡀ኱ࡁ࠸࡯࡝ᯝ⓶࡜ᯝ⫗ࡢ㛫࡟㛫㝽ࡀ⏕ࡌࡸࡍ࠸ࡶࡢ࡜᥎ᐹࡉࢀࡿ㸬PE ໟ⿦༊࡟࠾࠸࡚ࡣ㸪㧗‵ᗘ᮲௳࡟ࡼࡾᯝᐇෆࡢỈศᦆኻࡀᢚไࡉࢀ㸪ᯝᐇ඲యࡢẚ㔜ୗࡀᢚไࡉࢀࡓ࡜⪃࠼ࡽ࠼ࡿ㸬ࡲࡓ㸪PE ໟ⿦ࡢ᫬ᮇ࡜ᮇ㛫࡟ࡘ࠸࡚ㄪᰝࡋࡓᐇ㦂࡟࠾࠸࡚㸪ᚋᮇໟ⿦༊࡛ࡣ㸪↓ໟ⿦༊ࡼࡾࡶᯝᐇయ✚ቑῶ⋡ࡀ㧗ࡃᯝᐇẚ㔜ࡀప࠿ࡗࡓ㸬ᚋᮇໟ⿦༊࡛ࡣ
๓༙ࡢ↓ໟ⿦᫬࡟ᯝ⓶࠿ࡽỈศࡀኻࢃࢀ㸪ᚋ༙ࡢ PE ໟ⿦᫬࡟ᯝ⫗࠿ࡽᯝ⓶࡬Ỉศ⛣ືࡀ㉳ࡗࡓ࡜᥎ᐹࡉࢀࡿ㸬ࡇࢀ࡟ࡼࡾ㸪ᯝ⓶ࡀ⭾₶ࡋࡸࡍ࠸≧ែ࡟࠶ࡾ㸪ẚ㔜ࡀపୗࡋࡓࡶࡢ࡜ᛮ
ࢃࢀࡿ㸬୍᪉㸪๓ᮇໟ⿦༊࡛ࡣ㈓ⶶ๓༙ࡢໟ⿦࡟ࡼࡗ࡚ᯝᐇࡢỈศࡀಖࡓࢀ㸪ᚋ༙ࡢ↓ໟ⿦᫬࡟ᯝ⓶ࡢỈศࡀᦆኻࡋ࡚཰⦰ࡋ㸪ࡑࡢ⤖ᯝ㸪ᯝᐇẚ㔜ࡀ㧗ࡃಖࡓࢀࡿ࡜⪃࠼ࡽࢀࡓ㸬
㸱.͂ࡣࡿࡳ̓࡟࠾ࡅࡿࡍୖࡀࡾࡢⓎ⏕ᯇᮏ㸦1973㸧࡟ࡼࡿ࡜㸪◁ࡌࡻ࠺ࡀ஝⇱ࡍࡿࡍୖࡀࡾ࡟ࡣ⢏໬⑕㸪࠸⦰ᛶࢮ࣮ࣜ໬⑕㸪◁ࡌࡻ࠺஝⇱⑕㸪ᐮᐖ࡟ࡼࡿࢫୖࡀࡾࡢ 4 ✀㢮ࡀᏑᅾࡍࡿ㸬⢏໬⑕ࡣ◁ࡌࡻ࠺ࡀ⫧኱㸪◳໬ࡋ㸪ⓑⰍ࠶ࡿ࠸ࡣ↓Ⰽ࡜࡞ࡿࡢࡀ≉ᚩ࡛࠶ࡾ㸦ᯇᮏ㸪1973㸹
Milind㸪2008㸧㸪ᯝᐇࡢᡂ⇍ẁ㝵㸪ᶞ㱋㸪↓ᶵᡂศ࡜ࡢ㛵ಀࡀ♧၀ࡉࢀ࡚࠸ࡿ㸦Goto and Araki㸪
1983㸹Milind㸪2008㸧㸬୍᪉㸪ஂᯇࡽ㸦2005㸧ࡣ㸪L ࢧ࢖ࢬ௨ୖࡢ‘ࡣࡿࡳ’ᯝᐇ࡟࠾࠸࡚ 1 ᭶୰᪪࡟⢏໬⑕ࡀⓎ⏕ࡍࡿࡇ࡜ࢆሗ࿌ࡋ࡚࠸ࡿ㸬ⴭ⪅ࡽࡶ཰✭┤ᚋ࡟ 3L ࡜ 4L ࢧ࢖ࢬࡢᯝᐇࡢ 6๭௨ୖ࡟࠾࠸࡚㸪⢏໬⑕࡜ᛮࢃࢀࡿᯝⰺ௜㏆ࡢ◁ࡌࡻ࠺ࡀ኱ᆺ໬㸪⢏≧໬㸪ⓑⰍ໬ࡍࡿ⑕≧ࢆほᐹࡋ࡚࠸ࡿ㸦ᮍⓎ⾲ࢹ࣮ࢱ㸧㸬ࡇࡢࡼ࠺࡟㸪͂ࡣࡿࡳ࡛̓ほᐹࡉࢀࡿ⢏໬⑕ࡣ⏕⫱ᮇ㛫୰࡟ᚎࠎ࡟Ⓨ㐩ࡋࡓࡶࡢ࡜⪃࠼ࡽࢀࡓ㸬◁ࡌࡻ࠺஝⇱⑕ࡣ࣏ࣥ࢝ࣥࡑࡢ௚ᬌ⏕࢝ࣥ࢟ࢶ࡛Ⓨ⏕ࡋ㸪ࡑࡢཎᅉ࡟ࡘ࠸࡚ࡣ୙᫂࡞Ⅼࡀከ࠸㸬ࡋ࠿ࡋ࡞ࡀࡽ㸪௒ᅇ͂ࡣࡿࡳ̓࡟࠾࠸࡚ほᐹࡉࢀࡓࡍୖࡀࡾࡣ㸪ᯝ⫗ࡢⰍࡀ㯤Ⰽ࿡ࢆᖏࡧࡿࡇ࡜ࡸ◁ࡌࡻ࠺ࡢỈศࡀኻࢃࢀࡿⅬ࡟࠾࠸࡚⑕≧ࡀ୍⮴ࡍࡿ㸬ࡲࡓ㸪ࡇࡢ⑕≧ࡣ Milind㸦2008㸧ࡢศ㢮࡛ Chilling Injury ࡟㢮ఝࡋ࡚࠸ࡿ࡜⪃࠼ࡽࢀࡿ㸬୍᪉࡛㸪ᮏヨ㦂࡟࠾࠸࡚㸪㈓ⶶᚋ࡟ 3L ࡸ 4L 㝵⣭ࡢᯝᐇࡢᯝⰺ௜㏆࡛㸪◁ࡌࡻ࠺ࡀ኱ᆺ໬㸪⫧ཌࡋ㸪ⓑⰍ໬ࡍࡿ⑕≧ࡶほᐹࡉࢀࡓ㸬ࡇࢀࡣ⢏໬⑕࡜ࡍୖࡀࡾࡀྠ᫬Ⓨ⏕ࡋࡓࡶࡢ࡜᥎ᐹࡉࢀࡿ㸬ᯝᐇẚ㔜࡟㛵ࡋ࡚ࡣ㸪ᐮᐖ࡟ࡼࡿࡍୖࡀࡾⓎ⏕ᯝ࡛ᯝᐇẚ㔜ࡀపୗࡍࡿ࡜ࡢሗ࿌ࡀ࠶ࡿ㸦୰ᓥࡽ㸪1974㸹ᩥᐊࡽ㸪2014㸧㸬ᮏ◊✲࡟࠾࠸࡚㸪㈓ⶶᚋ࡟Ⓨ⏕ࡋࡓᯝ⫗ࡢࡍୖࡀࡾ࡜㸪ᯝᐇẚ㔜࡜ࡢ㛫࡟㈇ࡢ┦㛵㛵ಀࡀㄆࡵࡽࢀࡓ㸬ࡇࢀࡣ㸪ᯝ⫗ࡢࡍୖࡀࡾ࡟క࠺ẚ㔜పୗࡀ㸪ᯝᐇ඲యࡢẚ㔜పୗ࡟ࡘ࡞ࡀࡗࡓࡶࡢ࡜᥎ᐹࡉࢀࡿ㸬୍᪉࡛㸪ෆ⏣㸦1983㸧ࡣᐮᐖ࡟ࡼࡿࡍୖࡀࡾ
⛬ᗘ࡜ῶ㔞Ṍྜ࡜ࡢ┦㛵ࡣప࠸࡜ሗ࿌ࡋ࡚࠸ࡿ㸬ᮏヨ㦂ࡢ PE ໟ⿦༊࡟࠾࠸࡚ࡣ㸪ᯝᐇࡢ㔜㔞ࡸẚ㔜ࡀ⥔ᣢࡉࢀ㸪ࡍୖࡀࡾࡀᢚไࡉࢀࡿࡇ࡜ࡀ♧၀ࡉࢀࡓ㸬ࡲࡓ㸪ࡍୖࡀࡾࡢⓎ⏕⛬ᗘࡀῶ㔞Ṍྜ࡜ṇࡢ┦㛵ࢆ♧ࡋ࡚࠾ࡾ㸪ᯝᐇࡢỈศᦆኻࡀࡍୖࡀࡾ㸦◁ࡌࡻ࠺஝⇱⑕㸧ࡢཎᅉ࡛࠶ࡿࡇ࡜ࡀ᥎ᐹࡉࢀࡓ㸬
㸲.ᯝ⫗ᔂቯ
ᯝ⫗㞀ᐖ࡟࠾࠸࡚㸪ࡍୖࡀࡾࡢ࡯࠿࡟㸪◁ࡌࡻ࠺ᵓ㐀ࡀᔂቯࡋ㸪ᯝ⫗ࡀ㌾໬ࡍࡿࡀኚⰍࢆ
కࢃ࡞࠸ᯝ⫗ᔂቯࡀほᐹࡉࢀࡓ㸦➨ 10 ᅗ C㸧㸬ࡇࡢ⌧㇟ࡣࡇࢀࡲ࡛࡟ヱᙜࡍࡿሗ࿌ࡀぢᙜࡓࡽ࡞࠸ࡓࡵ㸪
͂ࡣࡿࡳ̓≉᭷ࡢ⌧㇟࡛࠶ࡿ࠿௒ᚋࡉࡽ࡞ࡿㄪᰝࡀồࡵࡽࢀࡿ㸬୍᪉࡛㸪ᯝ⫗ᔂቯ⛬ᗘ࡜ῶ㔞Ṍྜ࡟ṇࡢ┦㛵ࡀㄆࡵࡽࢀࡿࡇ࡜࠿ࡽ㸪Ỉศᦆኻ࡟క࠸◁ࡌࡻ࠺ࡀ཰⦰ࡋࡓࡓ
ࡵ࡟㉳ࡇࡗࡓࡶࡢ࡜᥎ᐹࡉࢀࡿ㸬
㸳㸬PE ໟ⿦࡟ࡼࡿ‘ࡣࡿࡳ’ࡢ㈓ⶶ⟶⌮௨ୖࡢ⤖ᯝ࠿ࡽ㸪͂ࡣࡿࡳ̓࡟࠾࠸࡚ PE ໟ⿦ࡣᯝᐇࡢῶ㔞㸪ᯝᐇࡢẚ㔜పୗ㸪ᯝ⓶ࡢⴎ෼㸪ᯝ⫗ࡢࡍୖࡀࡾࢆᢚไࡍࡿࡇ࡜㸪ᾋ⓶࠾ࡼࡧᯝ⫗ᔂቯࢆᚲࡎࡋࡶຓ㛗ࡋ࡞࠸ࡇ࡜ࡀ᫂ࡽ࠿࡟
࡞ࡗࡓ㸬ࡇࡢࡇ࡜ࡣ㸪㈓ⶶ୰ࡢ PE ໟ⿦ࡀ͂ࡣࡿࡳ̓ࡢᯝᐇရ㉁ࡢಖᣢ࡟᭷ຠ࡛࠶ࡿࡇ࡜ࢆ♧၀ࡋ࡚࠸ࡿ㸬୍᪉㸪↓ໟ⿦࡛ 2 ࠿᭶⛬ᗘ㈓ⶶࡋࡓᚋ࡟ PE ໟ⿦ࡋ࡚㈓ⶶࢆ⥆ࡅࡿ࡜㸪ᾋ⓶ࡢⓎ⏕ࡀቑຍࡍࡿࡇ࡜࠿ࡽ㸪ணᥐᚋ᪩࠸᫬ᮇ࡟ PE ໟ⿦ࢆࡍࡿᚲせᛶࡀ♧၀ࡉࢀࡓ㸬ࡲࡓ㸪ᾋ⓶ࡢⓎ⏕ࡣᑠࡉ࠸ᯝᐇ࡛ᑡ࡞࠸ࡇ࡜࠿ࡽ㸪L ࢧ࢖ࢬ௨ୗࡢᯝᐇࢆ PE ໟ⿦ࡍࡿࡇ࡜࡟ࡼࡾ㸪㞀ᐖᯝࡢⓎ⏕ࢆ㜵ࡂ࡞ࡀࡽ㛗ᮇ㛫㈓ⶶࡍࡿࡇ࡜ࡀ࡛ࡁࡿࡶࡢ࡜⪃࠼ࡽࢀࡿ㸬㸲-㸳 ᦬  せ࢝ࣥ࢟ࢶ͂ࡣࡿࡳ̓࡟࠾࠸࡚㸪PE ໟ⿦࡜ᯝᐇࢧ࢖ࢬࡀᖖ ㈓ⶶ୰ࡢᯝᐇရ㉁࡜㞀ᐖᯝⓎ⏕࡟ཬࡰࡍᙳ㡪ࢆ᳨ウࡋࡓ㸬12 ᭶཰✭㸪5 ᭶ࡲ࡛ࡢ㈓ⶶ࡟࠾࠸࡚㸪↓ໟ⿦༊࡛ࡣ M㸪L ࡢᑠࡉ࠸ᯝᐇ࡛ᯝ⓶ࡢⴎ෼⛬ᗘࡀ኱ࡁ࠿ࡗࡓࡀ㸪PE ໟ⿦࡟ࡼࡾ㢧ⴭ࡟ᢚไࡉࢀࡓ㸬2L ࠿ࡽ 4L ࡢ኱ࡁ࡞ᯝᐇ࡛ࡣ㸪↓ໟ⿦༊࡛ᯝ⫗ࡢࡍୖࡀࡾࡀၥ㢟࡜࡞ࡗࡓ㸬ࡋ࠿ࡋ࡞ࡀࡽ㸪PE ໟ⿦ࡣᯝᐇࡢ
ẚ㔜పୗ㸪࠾ࡼࡧ㸪ࡍୖࡀࡾⓎ⏕⛬ᗘࢆ㢧ⴭ࡟ᢚไࡋࡓ㸬ࡲࡓ㸪12 ᭶཰✭㸪㸲᭶ࡲ࡛ࡢ㈓ⶶ
࡟࠾࠸࡚㸪PE ໟ⿦ᮇ㛫࡜᫬ᮇࡢᙳ㡪ࢆẚ㍑ࡋࡓ㸬ᯝᐇῶ㔞࡜ᯝ⓶ⴎ෼ࡣ PE ໟ⿦ᮇ㛫࡜᫬ᮇ࡟㛵ࢃࡽࡎ㢧ⴭ࡟ᢚไࡉࢀࡓ㸬ࡲࡓ㸪๓ᮇ PE ໟ⿦༊㸪࠾ࡼࡧ㸪඲ᮇ㛫 PE ໟ⿦༊ࡢᾋ⓶Ⓨ⏕⛬ᗘࡣ㸪↓ໟ⿦༊࡜᭷ពᕪࡀㄆࡵࡽࢀ࡞࠿ࡗࡓ㸬ࡇࢀࡽࡢ⤖ᯝ࠿ࡽ㸪࢝ࣥ࢟ࢶ͂ࡣࡿࡳ̓࡟࠾
࠸࡚㸪PE ໟ⿦࡟ࡼࡾ㈓ⶶᮇ㛫ࡀ㸲᭶ࡲ࡛ᘏ㛗࡛ࡁࡿྍ⬟ᛶࡀ♧ࡉࢀࡓ㸬




$

%

&

'



➨㸯㸮ᅗ ͂ࡣࡿࡳ̓ࡢ㈓ⶶᚋ࡟Ⓨ⏕ࡋࡓᯝᐇ㞀ᐖ
A:ᯝ⓶ⴎ෼㸪B: ᾋ⓶㸪C:ᯝ⫗ᔂቯ㸪D:ࡍୖࡀࡾ






120

30

80

20

60
10

40

‵ᗘ (%)

ᗘ (Υ)

100

ᗘ

PE

ᗘ

PE‵ᗘ

0
2

3

4

20
0

5

᭶ (2018)
30

120

20

80
60

10

40
ᗘ

PE ᗘ
PE‵ᗘ

0
1

2

3

‵ᗘ (%)

ᗘ (Υ)

100

20
0

4

᭶ (2019)➨㸯㸯ᅗ ㈓ⶶ⟽ෆ࠾ࡼࡧ 3( ⿄ෆࡢ‵ᗘࡢ᥎⛣➨ ⾲ ࢝ࣥ࢟ࢶ͂ࡣࡿࡳ̓ࡢ㈓ⶶᚋࡢᯝᐇရ㉁࡟ཬࡰࡍPEໟ⿦࡜ᯝᐇࢧ࢖ࢬࡢᙳ㡪 z
ᯝᐇ
ฎ⌮༊
ㄪᰝᩘ
ࢧ࢖ࢬ

↓ໟ⿦

PEໟ⿦

ศᩓ
ศᯒ y

M
L
2L
3L
4L
M
L
2L
3L
4L

5
5
4
5
3
2
4
5
3
3

PE
ࢧ࢖ࢬ
஺஫స⏝

㈓ⶶ๓
ᯝᐇ㔜
㸦g㸧
138 ex
176 d
217 c
271 b
316 a
138 e
180 d
219 c
277 b
319 a
NS
**
NS

㈓ⶶᚋ
ᯝᐇ㔜
㸦g㸧
103 e
131 d
172 c
206 b
251 a
134 e
175 d
213 c
271 b
312 a
**
**
NS

㈓ⶶᚋ
ῶ㔞 ᯝᐇయ✚
ᯝ⫗
Brix
㓟ᗘ
ᯝᐇẚ㔜
Ṍྜ
ቑῶ⋡
Ṍྜ
ʤ㸣㸧
㸦㸣㸧
㸦㸣㸧 㸦㸣㸧 㸦g࣭cm-3㸧 㸦㸣㸧
25.0
-9.3
0.75 a78 a
12.1
0.60 a25.2-17.7
0.77 a77 a
13.6
0.55 ab
20.8-7.5
0.71 ab
73 ab
11.5
0.43 b
24.2-8.2
0.65 b69 b
12.0
0.51 ab
20.8-5.7
0.66 ab
68 b
11.4
0.50 ab2.9
13.9
0.80 ab80 ab
11.6 a0.52
2.5
2.5
0.82 a80 a11.1 a0.55
2.7
4.7
0.77 ab75 ab
10.0 b0.55
2.5
6.5
0.71 b71 b11.1 a0.60
2.1
7.6
0.71 b71 b10.0 b
0.54
**
**
**
*
**
NS
NS
NS
**
**
NS
NS
NS
NS
NS
NS
NS
*

z

2017ᖺ12᭶18᪥཰✭㸪⩣ᖺ1᭶23᪥࡟PEໟ⿦ࢆ㛤ጞࡋᖖy**㸪*ࡣ1㸣㸪5㸣Ỉ‽࡛᭷ពᛶࡀ࠶ࡾ㸪NSࡣ᭷ពᛶࡀ࡞࠸ࡇ࡜ࢆ♧ࡍxྠ୍ฎ⌮༊ෆ㸪ྠ୍ิෆࡢ␗࡞ࡿᩥᏐࡣTukeyࡢከ㔜᳨ᐃ࡟ࡼࡾ5㸣Ỉ‽࡛᭷ពᕪࡀ࠶ࡿࡇ࡜ࢆ♧ࡍ

࡛㈓ⶶ㸪ㄪᰝ᪥ࡣ5᭶17~21᪥➨ ⾲ ࢝ࣥ࢟ࢶ͂ࡣࡿࡳ̓࡟࠾ࡅࡿ㈓ⶶ୰ࡢPEໟ⿦࡜ᯝᐇࢧ࢖ࢬࡀ
㞀ᐖᯝࡢⓎ⏕⛬ᗘ࡟ཬࡰࡍᙳ㡪 z
ฎ⌮༊

↓ໟ⿦

PEໟ⿦

ศᩓศᯒ y

ᯝᐇ
ࢧ࢖ࢬ
M
L
2L
3L
4L
M
L
2L
3L
4L
PEໟ⿦
ࢧ࢖ࢬ
஺஫స⏝

ᯝ⓶ⴎ෼
㸦0-5㸧
1.2
1.9
0.3
0.8
0.3
0.0
0.2
0.0
0.0
0.0
**
*
NS

ᾋ⓶
㸦0-5㸧
0.5 bx
0.8 b
1.4 ab
2.2 a
2.7 a
1.5
0.6
1.8
2.3
1.3
NS
**
NS

z

2017ᖺ12᭶18᪥཰✭㸪⩣ᖺ1᭶23᪥࡟PEໟ⿦ࢆ㛤ጞࡋ㸪ᖖ2018ᖺ5᭶18~21᪥࡟㞀ᐖᯝࡢⓎ⏕⛬ᗘࢆㄪᰝ
y

ᯝ⫗ᔂቯ
㸦0-3㸧
0.5
0.1
0.6
0.1
0.0
0.0
0.1
0.0
0.0
0.0
NS
NS
NS

ࡍୖࡀࡾ
㸦0-5㸧
0.7
0.6
2.3
2.2
2.0
0.3
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
**
NS
NS

࡛㈓ⶶ

**㸪*ࡣ1㸣㸪5㸣Ỉ‽࡛᭷ពᛶࡀ࠶ࡾ㸪NSࡣ᭷ពᛶࡀ࡞࠸ࡇ࡜ࢆ♧ࡍxྠ୍ฎ⌮༊ෆ㸪ྠ୍ิෆࡢ␗࡞ࡿᩥᏐࡣTukeyࡢከ㔜᳨ᐃ࡟ࡼࡾ5㸣Ỉ‽࡛᭷ពᕪࡀ࠶ࡿࡇ࡜ࢆ♧ࡍ










➨ ⾲ ࢝ࣥ࢟ࢶ͂ࡣࡿࡳ̓࡟࠾ࡅࡿ㈓ⶶ୰ࡢPEໟ⿦᫬ᮇ࠾ࡼࡧᮇ㛫ࡀᯝᐇရ㉁࡟ཬࡰࡍᙳ㡪 zໟ⿦᫬ᮇㄪᰝᩘ࠾ࡼࡧᮇ㛫 y

z

㈓ⶶ๓
ᯝᐇ㔜
㸦g㸧

㈓ⶶᚋ
ᯝᐇ㔜
㸦g㸧

ῶ㔞
Ṍྜ
㸦㸣㸧
30.8 a-25.3 d0.83 a80 ab

15.6 a0.71

21.3 b

-16.3 c0.84 a82 a13.7 b

0.69

㈓ⶶᚋ
ᯝ⫗
ᯝᐇయ✚
Brix
㓟ᗘ
ᯝᐇẚ㔜
Ṍྜ
ቑῶ⋡
㸦㸣㸧
㸦㸣㸧 㸦g࣭cm-3㸧 㸦㸣㸧 㸦㸣㸧

↓ໟ⿦

12

234

๓ࠉᮇ

12

228

163 cx
181 b

ᚋࠉᮇ

10

237

193 b

18.8 b

-7.7 b

0.78 b77 b14.7 ab

0.70

඲ᮇ㛫

12

230

221 a

3.7 c

6.0 a

0.81 ab77 b12.7 c0.67

2018ᖺ12᭶11᪥࡟཰✭㸪12᭶18᪥࡟ᯝᐇ㔜࡜ẚ㔜ࢆ࠸ࡎࢀࡢฎ⌮༊ࡶᖖ ࡛㈓ⶶ

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➨㸳❶ ⥲ྜ⪃ᐹᮏ◊✲ࡣ㸪࢝ࣥ࢟ࢶ͂ࡣࡿࡳ̓ࡢᏳᐃ⏕⏘㸪Ᏻᐃ౪⤥ࡢࡓࡵࡢᇶ♏ⓗ▱ぢࢆᚓࡿࡓࡵ࡟⾜ࡗࡓ㸬͂ࡣࡿࡳ̓ࡢᯝᐇရ㉁ࡣඃⰋ࡛㸪⢾ᗘ࡜㓟ᗘࡀ⛬ࡼࡃㄪ࿴ࡋከỒ࡛㣗࿡ࡀⰋࡃ㸪๤⓶ᛶࡸ↓᰾ᛶࡀ࠶ࡗ࡚㣗࡭᫆ࡃ㸪ࡉࡽ࡟ࡣࡌࡻ࠺ࡢ࠺⭷ࡀⷧ࠸ࡓࡵ㣗࡭ࡓᚋࡶ∝ᛌឤࡀṧࡿ㸬୍᪉࡛㸪᱂ᇵୖ࡛ࡣᯝᐇࡢ኱ࡁࡉࡀᥞࢃ࡞࠸㸪㝸ᖺ⤖ᯝᛶࡀᙉ࠸࡞࡝ࡢၥ㢟Ⅼࡀ࠶ࡿ㸬ᯝᐇࡢ኱ࡁࡉࡣ⏕⏘ᛶࡸၟရᛶࢆỴᐃࡍࡿ㔜せ࡞せᅉ࡛࠶ࡿࡓࡵ㸪᦬ᯝసᴗ࡟ࡼࡾ╔ᯝᩘ⟶⌮ࢆ⾜࠺ࡀ㸪᦬ᯝసᴗࡢᇶ‽࡜࡞ࡿᩘ್ࢆࡣປຊࡀ࠿࠿ࡿ㸬ࡲࡓ㸪ᯝ⓶ࡀ๤ࡁࡸࡍ࠸ᐶ⓶ᛶ࢝ࣥ࢟ࢶ࡛࠶ࡿࡓࡵ㸪ᰤ㣴᮲௳ࡸ㈓ⶶ᮲௳࡟ࡼࡗ࡚ᾋ⓶࡞࡝ࡢ⏕⌮㞀ᐖࢆⓎ⏕ࡍࡿࡇ࡜ࡀሗ࿌ࡉ
ࢀ࡚࠸ࡿ㸬ࡋ࠿ࡋ࡞ࡀࡽ㸪㈓ⶶ୰࡟Ⓨ⏕ࡍࡿᾋ⓶࡞࡝⏕⌮㞀ᐖࡢ⑕≧ࡸཎᅉ࡟ࡘ࠸࡚ࡣ▱ࡽࢀ࡚࠸࡞࠸ࡇ࡜ࡀከ࠸㸬ࡇ࠺ࡋࡓࡇ࡜࠿ࡽᮏ◊✲࡛ࡣ➨  ❶࡟࠾࠸࡚㸪࢝ࣥ࢟ࢶࡢ᦬ᯝἲ࡜
⏕⌮㞀ᐖ࡟㛵ࡍࡿᩥ⊩᳨⣴ࢆ⾜ࡗࡓ㸬ḟ࡟㸪ᅡሙ᮲௳ୗ࡟࠾࠸࡚㸪ࡇࢀࡲ࡛࡜ࡣ␗࡞ࡿ᪉ἲ
࡛᦬ᯝᇶ‽ࢆ⟇ᐃࡋ㸪ᯝᐇࢧ࢖ࢬࡸ཰㔞㸪ရ㉁㸪⩣ᖺࡢ╔ⰼ࡟ཬࡰࡍᙳ㡪ࢆ➨  ❶࡟࠾࠸࡚◊✲ࢆ⾜ࡗࡓ㸬ḟ࡟ᚓࡽࢀࡓᯝᐇࢆ⏝࠸࡚㸪ࡇࢀࡲ࡛ᗈࡃ⏝࠸ࡽࢀ࡚࠸ࡿ࣏࢚ࣜࢳࣞࣥໟ⿦
࡜ᯝᐇࢧ࢖ࢬࡀ㈓ⶶ୰ࡢᯝᐇရ㉁ࡸ㞀ᐖᯝࡢⓎ⏕࡟ཬࡰࡍᙳ㡪࡟ࡘ࠸࡚➨  ❶࡛◊✲ࡋࡓ㸬࢝ࣥ࢟ࢶࡢ᦬ᯝࡣⴥᯝẚࡸᶞෙᐜ✚ᙜࡓࡾᯝᐇᩘࢆᇶ‽࡜ࡋ࡚⾜ࢃࢀ㸪ᯝᐇࢧ࢖ࢬࡢ㐺ṇ໬㸪ရ㉁ྥୖ㸪㝸ᖺ⤖ᯝ㜵Ṇ࡞࡝࡟ከࡃࡢ㠃࡟ᑐࡋ࡚ຠᯝⓗ࡛࠶ࡿ㸬୍᪉㸪ᐇ㝿࡟᦬ᯝసᴗࢆ⾜࠺㝿࡟ࡣࡇࢀࡽࡢ᦬ᯝᇶ‽ࡀ෇⁥࡟㐺⏝ࡉࢀࡿᚲせࡀ࠶ࡿࡀ㸪ࡇࢀࡲ࡛ࡢ᦬ᯝᇶ‽ࡣᚲࡎࡋࡶ⡆᫆࡟㐺⏝࡛ࡁࡿࡶࡢ࡛ࡣ࡞࠿ࡗࡓ㸬௒ᅇ㸪ᮏ◊✲࡛ᚓࡽࢀࡓᯞᚄࢆ⏝࠸ࡓ᦬ᯝᇶ‽ࡣ㸪⿵ຓලࢆ⏝࠸ࡿࡇ࡜࡟ࡼࡾ᦬ᯝసᴗ୰࡛ࡶ⡆᫆࡟ṧࡍᯝᐇᩘࢆᢕᥱࡍࡿࡇ࡜ࡀྍ⬟࡛࠶ࡿ㸬ࡇࢀ࡟ࡼࡾ㸪᦬ᯝసᴗ୰ࡢⴥᩘࡸ╔ᯝᩘࢆᢕᥱࡍࡿసᴗࡀ㍍ῶࡉࢀࡿࡶࡢ࡜⪃࠼ࡽࢀࡿ㸬ࡲࡓ㸪ࡇࡢᇶ‽ࡣᶞ┦ࡀ␗࡞ࡿᶞࡢᯞᚄ࡜ⴥ㔜ࡢ㛵ಀ࡟ᇶ࡙࠸࡚⟇ᐃࡋ࡚࠾ࡾ㸪ⴥࡢ኱ࡁࡉ࡞࡝ᶞࡢ≧ែࢆ཯ᫎࡋ࡚࠸ࡿ㸬ࡇࡢ⤖ᯝ㸪ၟရ౯್ࡀ㧗࠸࡜ࡉࢀࡿᯝᐇ㔜 㹼J ࡢ๭ྜࡀ 㸣௨ୖ☜ಖࡉࢀࡿ࡞࡝㸪Ᏻᐃ⏕⏘࡟ᐤ୚࡛ࡁࡿࡶࡢ࡜⪃࠼ࡽࢀࡿ㸬୍᪉㸪࢝ࣥ࢟ࢶᶞ࡟ࡣ␗࡞ࡿኴࡉࡢᯞࡀΰᅾࡋ࡚࠾ࡾ㸪▷᫬㛫୍࡛ᐃࡢኴࡉࡢᯞࢆ᥈ࡋฟࡍࡓࡵ࡟ࡣ᦬ᯝ
⿵ຓලࡢ౑⏝ἲ࡟័ࢀࡿᚲせࡀ࠶ࡿ㸬ᮏ◊✲࡛ࡣ᦬ᯝ᫬ࡢ╔ᯝᩘ࡟ᇶ࡙ࡁᶞ┦ุᐃࢆ⾜ࡗࡓࡀ㸪ྠࡌᶞ┦࡛ࡶ᪋⫧㔞ࡸ๧ᐃ᪉ἲ࡟ࡼࡾᯝᐇࡸⴥࡢࢧ࢖ࢬࡀ␗࡞ࡿྍ⬟ᛶࡶ࠶ࡾ㸪௒ᚋ㸪ᶞࡢ≧ែࢆṇ☜࡟ᢕᥱࡍࡿᡭἲࡢ㛤Ⓨࡀồࡵࡽࢀࡿ㸬ࡲࡓ㸪⿬ᖺᶞ┦࡟࠾࠸࡚ࡣᯝᐇࡢ╔ᯝ㒊఩ࡀᶞෙ୍㒊࡟೫ࡿࢣ࣮ࢫࡀぢࡽࢀࡿࡓࡵ㸪ኴ࠸ᯞ࡟ᑐᛂࡍࡿ╔ᯝᩘࡢ⟬ᐃࡀసᴗᛶྥୖ
ࡢࡓࡵ࡟ࡶᚲせ࡜⪃࠼ࡽࢀࡿ㸬͂ࡣࡿࡳ̓ࡣᐶ⓶ᛶ࢝ࣥ࢟ࢶ࡛๤⓶ᛶࡀ࠶ࡾ㸪ࡇࢀࡣ㣗࡭ࡿ㝿࡟᭷┈࡞≉ᛶ࡛࠶ࡿࡀ㸪ᯝᐇࡢᾋ⓶ࡀⓎ⏕ࡋ᫆࠸ࢹ࣓ࣜࢵࢺ㠃ࡶ࠶ࡿ㸬㈓ⶶ୰࡟࠾࠸࡚ࡶ㧗‵ᗘ᮲௳࡛ᾋ⓶ࡀⓎ⏕ࡍࡿࡓࡵ㸪࣏࢚ࣜࢳࣞࣥ㸦3(㸧ໟ⿦ࡢ㝿ࡣὀពࡀᚲせ࡛㸪↓ໟ⿦࡛ࡣ▷ᮇࡢ㈓ⶶࡀồࡵࡽࢀࡿ㸬ࡋ࠿ࡋ࡞ࡀࡽ㸪3( ໟ⿦ࡣᯝᐇࡢῶ㔞ࢆ㜵ࡂ㸪ᯝ⓶ࡢⴎ෼ࢆ㜵Ṇࡍࡿຠᯝࡀ࠶ࡾ᭷ຠ࡞ᡭẁ࡛࠶ࡿ㸬୍᪉㸪͂ࡣࡿࡳ̓ࡣᯝᐇࢧ࢖ࢬࡢࡤࡽࡘࡁࡀ኱ࡁ࠸ࡇ࡜ࡀሗ࿌ࡉࢀ࡚࠸ࡿࡀ㸪㈓ⶶ
୰ࡢ⏕⌮㞀ᐖࡢⓎ⏕ࡸᑐฎ᪉ἲ࡟ࡘ࠸࡚ヲ⣽ࡣ᫂ࡽ࠿࡛ࡣ࡞࠿ࡗࡓ㸬ᮏ◊✲࡟࠾࠸࡚㸪͂ࡣࡿࡳ̓ࡢ 0㸪/ ࡢᑠࡉ࠸ᯝᐇࡣ↓ໟ⿦࡛ᯝᐇῶ㔞࡜ᯝ⓶ࡢⴎ⦰ࡀၥ㢟࡛࠶ࡿࡀ㸪3( ໟ⿦࡟ࡼࡾ㢧ⴭ࡟ᢚไࡉࢀࡿࡇ࡜ࡀ᫂ࡽ࠿࡜࡞ࡗࡓ㸬ࡇࢀ࡜ࡣᑐ↷ⓗ࡟㸪/ ௨ୖࡢ኱ࡁ࡞ᯝᐇ࡛ࡣ
ᯝ⓶ࡢⴎ෼ࡀ㢧ⴭ࡛ࡣ࡞ࡃ㸪㸳᭶ࡲ࡛ࡢ↓ໟ⿦㈓ⶶ࡛ᯝ⫗࡟ࡍୖࡀࡾࡀⓎ⏕ࡋࡓ㸬ࡇࡢ⑕≧ࡣ◁ࡌࡻ࠺஝⇱⑕࡟㢮ఝࡋࡓࡀ㸪ࡑࡢཎᅉࡣ᫂ࡽ࠿࡛ࡣ࡞࠿ࡗࡓ㸬ᮏ◊✲࡟࠾࠸࡚㸪3( ໟ⿦ࡣᯝ⫗ࡢࡍୖࡀࡾ㜵Ṇ࡟ຠᯝⓗ࡛࠶ࡿࡇ࡜ࡀ᫂ࡽ࠿࡜࡞ࡗࡓ㸬ࡲࡓ㸪3( ໟ⿦᮲௳ୗ࡛㧗‵ᗘ࡜࡞ࡾ㸪ᾋ⓶Ⓨ⏕ࡀຓ㛗ࡉࢀࡿࡓࡵ▷ᮇࡢ㈓ⶶ࡟ࡣ୙฼࡜ࡉࢀ࡚࠸ࡓࡀ㸪㛗ᮇ㈓ⶶヨ㦂࡟࠾ࡅࡿ⤫ィゎᯒࡢ⤖ᯝ㸪ᾋ⓶ࡢⓎ⏕⛬ᗘࡣᯝᐇࢧ࢖ࢬࡢᙳ㡪ࢆᙉࡃཷࡅࡿࡇ࡜㸪3( ໟ⿦ࡢᙳ㡪ࡣ㝈ᐃⓗ࡛࠶ࡿ⤖ᯝࡀᚓࡽࢀࡓ㸬ࡇࢀࡣ㸪㛗ᮇ㈓ⶶࡢ↓ໟ⿦༊࡟࠾࠸࡚ᯝ⓶ࡔࡅ࡛࡞ࡃᯝ⫗ࡢỈศࡀኻࢃࢀࡓࡓࡵ㸪ᯝ⫗ࡀ཰⦰ࡋᾋ⓶Ⓨ⏕ࢆຓ㛗ࡋࡓࡇ࡜㸪3( ໟ⿦࡟ࡼࡾᯝ⓶࡜ᯝ⫗ࡢỈศᦆኻࡀᢚไࡉࢀ㸪ᚲࡎࡋࡶᾋ⓶ࢆຓ㛗ࡍࡿࡶࡢ࡛ࡣ࡞࠸ࡇ࡜ࡀ♧၀ࡉࢀࡓ㸬ࡲࡓ㸪3( ໟ⿦᫬ᮇ࡟ࡘ࠸࡚ࡶ᳨ウࡋࡓࡀ㸪๓ᮇໟ⿦༊࡟࠾࠸࡚ᚋᮇໟ⿦༊ࡼࡾࡶᯝ⓶ࡢⴎ෼⛬ᗘࡣ኱ࡁ࠸ࡶࡢࡢ㸪ᯝᐇẚ㔜ࡀ㧗ࡃಖࡓࢀᯝᐇရ㉁ࡀⰋዲ࡛࠶ࡿࡇ࡜ࡀ᫂ࡽ࠿࡜࡞ࡗࡓ㸬ࡋࡓࡀࡗ࡚㸪ᯝᐇࡢணᥐᮇ㛫࡜ 3( ໟ⿦ᮇ㛫࡟ὀពࢆᡶ࠺ࡇ࡜࡛㸪ࡇࢀࡲ࡛௨ୖ࡟㈓ⶶᮇ㛫ࢆᘏ㛗ࡋ㸪㧗ရ㉁ࡢᯝᐇࢆᥦ౪࡛ࡁࡿྍ⬟ᛶࡀ♧ࡉࢀࡓ㸬͂ࡣࡿࡳ̓ࡣ᱂ᇵ᪉ἲࡸ㈓ⶶ᪉ἲࡢ㞴ࡋࡉ࡞࡝࠿ࡽ⏕⏘㔞ࡣ㢌ᡴࡕ࡜࡞ࡗ࡚࠾ࡾ㸪ࡲࡓ㸪ᬮ໬ࡢ㐍⾜࡟ࡼࡾ㸪ࡇࢀࡲ࡛௨ୖ࡟᱂ᇵ⎔ቃࡀཝࡋࡉࢆቑࡍࡇ࡜ࡶ⪃࠼ࡽ࠼ࡿ㸬ࡋ࠿ࡋ࡞ࡀࡽ㸪͂ࡣࡿࡳ̓ࡣ㣗࿡ࡀ⃰ཌ࣭ከỒ࡛ᯝ⫗ࡀᰂࡽ࠿ࡃ㸪ࡌࡻ࠺ࡢ࠺ࡀ࡯࡜ࢇ࡝ṧࡽࡎ㸪ᯝᐇရ㉁ࡣ࢝ࣥ࢟ࢶࡢ୰࡛≉ẁඃࢀ࡚࠾ࡾ㸪ከࡃࡢᾘ㈝⪅࡟ཷࡅධࢀࡽࢀࡿྍ⬟ᛶࡀ࠶ࡿ㸬᱂ᇵ᪉ἲ࡟ࡘ࠸࡚ࡣ㸪㐺ṇ࡟᦬ᯝసᴗ㸪๧ᐃసᴗ㸪᪋⫧⟶⌮࡞࡝ࢆ⾜࠺ࡇ࡜࡟ࡼࡾ㸪ၟရ౯್ࡀ㧗࠸ࢧ࢖ࢬࡢᯝᐇࢆᏳᐃࡋ࡚⏕⏘ࡍࡿࡇ࡜ࡀྍ⬟࡛࠶ࡿ㸬ࡲࡓ㸪཰✭ᮇࡀከᑡࡎࢀ࡚ࡶ㸪㈓ⶶ᮲௳ࢆᨵⰋࡍࡿࡇ࡜࡟ࡼࡾ㸪㛗ᮇ࡟ࢃࡓࡾ㧗ရ㉁ࡢᯝᐇࢆ౪⤥ࡍࡿࡇ࡜ࡀྍ⬟࡜⪃࠼ࡽࢀࡿ㸬ᮏ◊✲ࡢᡂᯝࡀά⏝ࡉࢀ㸪ᑡࡋ࡛ࡶ⏘ᆅࡀάᛶࡉࢀࢀࡤᖾ࠸࡛࠶ࡿ㸬
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࢝ࣥ࢟ࢶ‘ࡣࡿࡳ’ࡣ⌧㎰◊ᶵᵓᯝᶞⲔᴗ◊✲㒊㛛ࡀ㛤Ⓨࡋ 1999 ᖺ࡟✀ⱑⓏ㘓ࡉࢀࡓရ✀࡛㸪2017 ᖺࡢᅜෆ᱂ᇵ㠃✚࠾ࡼࡧ⏕⏘㔞ࡣࡑࢀࡒࢀ 471ha ࡜ 5,626t ࡜࡞ࡗ࡚࠸ࡿ㸬͂ࡣࡿࡳ̓ᯝᐇࡣ๤⓶ᛶࡀ࠶ࡾရ㉁ࡶⰋዲ࡛࠶ࡿࡀ㸪㝸ᖺ⤖ᯝᛶࡀᙉ࠸㸪࠶ࡿ࠸ࡣฟⲴ᫬ᮇࡀ▷࠸➼ࡢၥ㢟ࡀ࠶ࡿ㸬ᮏ◊✲࡛ࡣ㸪͂ࡣࡿࡳ̓ࡢ᦬ᯝἲࢆᨵၿࡋ࡚ၟရᛶࡢ㧗࠸ࢧ࢖ࢬࡢᯝᐇࢆ⏕⏘ࡍࡿࡇ࡜㸪㈓ⶶἲࢆᨵၿࡋ࡚Ᏻᐃⓗ࡟ᯝᐇࢆ౪⤥ࡍࡿࡇ࡜ࢆ┠ⓗ࡜ࡋ࡚ヨ㦂ࢆ⾜ࡗࡓ㸬㸯㸬࢝ࣥ࢟ࢶ͂ࡣࡿࡳ̓ࡢ᦬ᯝ࡜⏕⌮㞀ᐖ࡟㛵ࡍࡿᩥ⊩ㄪᰝ
㸦Fruit thinning and physiological disorders in citrus variety ‘Harumi’㸧͂ࡣࡿࡳ̓ࡸ࢘ࣥࢩ࣑࡛ࣗ࢘࢝ࣥ୺࡜ࡋ࡚౑ࢃࢀ࡚࠸ࡿ᦬ᯝᇶ‽ࡣⴥᯝẚ㸪࠶ࡿ࠸ࡣᶞෙ
ᐜ✚ᙜࡓࡾ╔ᯝᩘ࡛࠶ࡿࡇ࡜ࡀᩥ⊩᳨⣴࡟ࡼࡾ᫂ࡽ࠿࡜࡞ࡗࡓ㸬ⴥᯝẚࡣⴥ࡜ᯝᐇࡢࣂࣛࣥ
ࢫࢆ♧ࡍᣦᶆ࡛࠶ࡿࡀ㸪ࡑࡢᐃ⩏ࡣᯝᐇ 1 ಶᙜࡓࡾⴥᩘ㸪ⴥ㠃✚ᙜࡾᯝᐇᩘ࡞࡝ᵝࠎ࡛࠶ࡿࡇ࡜ࡸ㸪ᐇ㝿ࡢ㐺⏝᫬࡟ከࡃࡢ᫬㛫࡜ປຊࢆせࡍࡿ࡞࡝ၥ㢟ࡀ࠶ࡿ㸬ᶞෙᐜ✚ᙜࡓࡾ╔ᯝᩘ࡟ࡘ࠸࡚ࡣ㸪ᶞ㱋ࡸᶞෙᐜ✚ࡀቑ኱ࡍࡿ࡜ⴥࡢᐦᗘࡀపୗࡍࡿࡓࡵ୍ᐃࡢ್ࢆ࡜ࡽ࡞࠸ࡇ࡜
ࡀሗ࿌ࡉࢀ࡚࠸ࡿ㸬ࡲࡓ,ᶞ඲యࡢ╔ᯝᩘࢆᢕᥱࡍࡿࡢ࡟ᅔ㞴ࢆక࠺㸬ࡇࢀࡽࡢࡇ࡜࠿ࡽ㸪ⴥ㔞࡟ᇶ࡙ࡁ⡆᫆࡟㐺⏝࡛ࡁࡿ᪂ࡋ࠸᦬ᯝᇶ‽ࡢ⟇ᐃࡀᚲせ࡛࠶ࡿࡇ࡜ࡀ♧ࡉࢀࡓ㸬୍᪉㸪͂ࡣࡿࡳ̓ࡣᐶ⓶ᛶ࢝ࣥ࢟ࢶ࡟ศ㢮ࡉࢀ๤⓶ࡀᐜ࡛᫆࠶ࡿࡀ㸪୍ᐃࡢ᮲௳ୗ࡛ᾋ⓶ࡀⓎ⏕ࡍࡿࡇ࡜ࡀ▱ࡽࢀ࡚࠸ࡿ㸬ࡲࡓ,͂ࡣࡿࡳ̓ࡢᯝᐇࢧ࢖ࢬࡣ S ࠿ࡽ 4L ࡲ࡛ኚືᖜࡀ኱ࡁࡃ㸪ᯝᐇရ㉁ࡸ㈓ⶶ୰࡟Ⓨ⏕ࡍࡿ⏕⌮㞀ᐖࡶࢧ࢖ࢬ࡟ࡼࡾ␗࡞ࡿࡇ࡜ࡀሗ࿌ࡉࢀ࡚࠸ࡿ㸬࣏࢚ࣜࢳࣞࣥ
㸦PE㸧ໟ⿦࡟ࡼࡿ㈓ⶶࡣᯝᐇῶ㔞ࡸࣖࢣ⑕࡟ᑐࡋ࡚ᢚไຠᯝࡀㄆࡵࡽࢀ㸪୰ᬌᛶ࢝ࣥ࢟ࢶ࡟
࠾࠸࡚ᗈࡃ⏝࠸ࡽࢀ࡚࠸ࡿࡀ㸪͂ࡣࡿࡳ̓࡟࠾࠸࡚ࡣᾋ⓶Ⓨ⏕ࡀၥ㢟࡜࡞ࡾ↓ໟ⿦࡛ࡢ㈓ⶶࡀ
ồࡵࡽࢀ࡚࠸ࡿ㸬ࡋ࠿ࡋ㸪↓ໟ⿦࡛ࡢ㈓ⶶࡣᯝᐇῶ㔞ࡀ኱ࡁࡃᯝ⓶ⴎ෼ࡀⓎ⏕ࡋࡸࡍ࠸ࡓࡵ㸪㈓ⶶᮇ㛫ࡣ㛗ࡃ࡚ 2 ࠿᭶࡜ࡉࢀ࡚࠸ࡿ㸬௒ᚋ͂ࡣࡿࡳ̓ࡢ㈓ⶶᮇ㛫ࢆᘏࡤࡍࡓࡵ࡟ࡣ㸪㈓ⶶ
୰ࡢ⏕⌮㞀ᐖⓎ⏕࡟ཬࡰࡍᯝᐇࢧ࢖ࢬࡢᙳ㡪࡜㸪ࡇࢀ࡟ᛂࡌࡓ㈓ⶶ⟶⌮ἲࢆ᫂ࡽ࠿࡟ࡍࡿᚲせᛶࡀ♧ࡉࢀࡓ㸬㸰㸬࢝ࣥ࢟ࢶ͂ࡣࡿࡳ̓ࡢᯞᚄࢆ⏝࠸ࡓ᦬ᯝᇶ‽ࡢ⟇ᐃ࡜ホ౯࢝ࣥ࢟ࢶ͂ࡣࡿࡳ̓࡟࠾࠸࡚ᯞᚄ࡜ⴥ㔜ࡢ㛵ಀ࡟ᇶ࡙ࡁ᦬ᯝᇶ‽㸦ᯞᚄ㸧ࢆ⟇ᐃࡋ㸪⏕⏘ᛶ࡜ᯝᐇ≉ᛶ࡟ཬࡰࡍᙳ㡪ࢆホ౯ࡋࡓ㸬ᯞᚄ X ࡜ⴥ㔜 Y ࡢ㛵ಀࡣ Y㸻AXB ࡢᩘᘧ࡛♧ࡉࢀࡓ㸬ࡇࡢᘧࡢಀᩘ࡟ᇶ࡙ࡁᶆ‽ᶞ┦ࡢⴥᩘ 100 ࡟┦ᙜࡍࡿᯞᚄࢆィ⟬ࡋ㸪ⴥᯝẚ 100 ࡟ᑐᛂࡍࡿ
᦬ᯝᇶ‽࡜ࡋ࡚ᶞ┦ࡈ࡜࡟タᐃࡋࡓ㸦౛㸹0.80 cm ࡢᯞ࡟ᯝᐇ 1 ಶ╔ᯝ㸧㸬ࡇࢀࡽ᦬ᯝᇶ‽ࢆྛᶞ┦࡟㐺⏝ࡋࡓ⤖ᯝ㸪᦬ᯝ⋡ࡣ╔ᯝ㔞࡟ᛂࡌ࡚ 91.4㸣࠿ࡽ 57.2㸣࡟ศᩓࡋ㸪ᶞෙᐜ✚ᙜࡓࡾ཰✭ᩘࡣᶞ┦㛫࡛᭷ពᕪࡀ࡞࠿ࡗࡓ㸬ၟရ౯್ࡀ㧗࠸࡜ࡉࢀࡿ 180 g㹼250 g ࡢᯝᐇ๭ྜࡣ
ᶆ‽ᶞ┦࡛ 50㸣௨ୖࢆ⥔ᣢࡋ㸪⿬ᖺᶞ┦࡛᦬ᯝᇶ‽ࡢᨵⰋ࡟క࠸ᨵၿࡉࢀࡓ㸬⩣ᖺࡢ╔ⰼࡣ⥅⥆ⓗ࡞⏕⏘ࢆ⾜࠺ࡢ࡟ᨭ㞀ࡢ࡞࠸್ࢆ♧ࡋࡓ㸬௨ୖࡢࡇ࡜࠿ࡽ㸪ᶞ┦࡟ᛂࡌࡓ᦬ᯝᇶ‽࡜ࡋ࡚ᯞᚄࢆ㐺⏝ࡍࡿࡇ࡜࡟ࡼࡾ㸪‘ࡣࡿࡳ’ࡢ㐺ṇ࡞╔ᯝᩘ⟶⌮ࡀ⾜ࢃࢀ㸪ၟရ౯್ࡢ㧗࠸ࢧ࢖ࢬࡢᯝᐇࢆ⏕⏘ࡍࡿࡇ࡜ࡀྍ⬟࡛࠶ࡿࡇ࡜ࡀ♧ࡉࢀࡓ㸬㸱㸬࢝ࣥ࢟ࢶ͂ࡣࡿࡳ̓࡟࠾ࡅࡿ㈓ⶶ୰ࡢ⏕⌮㞀ᐖⓎ⏕࡟ཬࡰࡍ࣏࢚ࣜࢳࣞࣥໟ⿦࡜ᯝᐇࢧ
࢖ࢬࡢᙳ㡪
࢝ࣥ࢟ࢶ͂ࡣࡿࡳ̓࡟࠾࠸࡚㸪PE ໟ⿦࡜ᯝᐇࢧ࢖ࢬࡀᖖ ㈓ⶶ୰ࡢᯝᐇရ㉁࡜㞀ᐖᯝⓎ⏕࡟ཬࡰࡍᙳ㡪ࢆ᳨ウࡋࡓ㸬12 ᭶཰✭㸪5 ᭶ࡲ࡛ࡢ㈓ⶶ࡟࠾࠸࡚㸪↓ໟ⿦༊࡛ࡣ M㸪L ࡢᑠࡉ࠸ᯝᐇ࡛ᯝ⓶ࡢⴎ෼⛬ᗘࡀ኱ࡁ࠿ࡗࡓࡀ㸪PE ໟ⿦࡟ࡼࡾ㢧ⴭ࡟ᢚไࡉࢀࡓ㸬2L ࠿ࡽ 4L ࡢ኱ࡁ࡞ᯝᐇ࡛ࡣ㸪↓ໟ⿦༊࡛ᯝ⫗ࡢࡍୖࡀࡾࡀၥ㢟࡜࡞ࡗࡓ㸬ࡋ࠿ࡋ࡞ࡀࡽ㸪PE ໟ⿦ࡣᯝᐇࡢ
ẚ㔜పୗ㸪࠾ࡼࡧ㸪ࡍୖࡀࡾⓎ⏕⛬ᗘࢆ㢧ⴭ࡟ᢚไࡋࡓ㸬ࡲࡓ㸪12 ᭶཰✭㸪㸲᭶ࡲ࡛ࡢ㈓ⶶ
࡟࠾࠸࡚㸪PE ໟ⿦ᮇ㛫࡜᫬ᮇࡢᙳ㡪ࢆẚ㍑ࡋࡓ㸬ᯝᐇῶ㔞࡜ᯝ⓶ⴎ෼ࡣ PE ໟ⿦ᮇ㛫࡜᫬ᮇ࡟㛵ࢃࡽࡎ㢧ⴭ࡟ᢚไࡉࢀࡓ㸬ࡲࡓ㸪๓ᮇ PE ໟ⿦༊㸪࠾ࡼࡧ㸪඲ᮇ㛫 PE ໟ⿦༊ࡢᾋ⓶Ⓨ⏕⛬ᗘࡣ㸪↓ໟ⿦༊࡜᭷ពᕪࡀㄆࡵࡽࢀ࡞࠿ࡗࡓ㸬ࡇࢀࡽࡢ⤖ᯝ࠿ࡽ㸪࢝ࣥ࢟ࢶ͂ࡣࡿࡳ̓࡟࠾
࠸࡚㸪PE ໟ⿦࡟ࡼࡾ㈓ⶶᮇ㛫ࡀ㸲᭶ࡲ࡛ᘏ㛗࡛ࡁࡿྍ⬟ᛶࡀ♧ࡉࢀࡓ㸬

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ⴥࢆ㈷ࡾࡲࡋࡓ㟼ᒸ኱Ꮫ㎰Ꮫ㒊ᩍᤵ ຍ⸨㞞ஓ༤ኈ㸪ᒱ㜧኱Ꮫ㎰Ꮫ㒊ᩍᤵ ๓⃝㔜⚰༤ኈ㸪㟼ᒸ኱ᏛᏛ⾡㝔㎰Ꮫ㡿ᇦ෸ᩍᤵ ඵᖭᫀ⣖༤ኈ࡟ࡣ㸪⾺ᚰࡼࡾឤㅰࡢពࢆ⾲ࡋࡲࡍ㸬ᮏㄽᩥࢆ࡜ࡾࡲ࡜ࡵࡿ࡟࠶ࡓࡾ㸪㐺ษ࡞ࡈᣦᑟ㸪ࡈຓゝࢆ㈷ࡾࡲࡋࡓ㎰◊ᶵᵓᯝᶞⲔᴗ◊✲㒊㛛࢝ࣥ࢟ࢶ◊✲㡿ᇦ࢝ࣥ࢟ࢶ᱂ᇵ⏕⌮ࣘࢽࢵࢺ すᕝⰧ⨾ᜨ ༤ኈ㸪࡞ࡽࡧ࡟ྠ࢝ࣥ࢟ࢶὶ㏻฼⏝࣭ᶵ⬟ᛶࣘࢽࢵࢺ ᯇᮏ ග ༤ኈ࡟ᑐࡋ࡚ឤㅰࡢពࢆ⾲ࡋࡲࡍ㸬ࡲࡓᮏ◊✲ࢆ㐙⾜ࡍࡿ࡟㝿ࡋ㸪⤯࠼ࡎᬮ࠿࠸ࡈ⃭ບ࡜ࡈຓゝࢆ㡬࠸ࡓ ῝⏫ ᾈ ࢝ࣥ࢟ࢶ᱂ᇵ⏕⌮ࣘࢽࢵࢺ㛗㸪ඖ㎰◊ᶵᵓᯝᶞⲔᴗ◊✲㒊㛛࢝ࣥ࢟ࢶ◊✲㡿ᇦ㛗 ᳃ཱྀ༟ဢ ༤ኈ⌧ྠ㡿ᇦ㛗 ሷ㇂ ᾈ ༤ኈ࡟῝ࡃឤㅰ⮴ࡋࡲࡍ㸬ࡉࡽ࡟࢝ࣥ࢟ࢶ◊✲㡿ᇦ⫋ဨ࠾ࡼࡧᖖ⥳ᯝᶞࢥ࣮ࢫ◊ಟ⏕ྛ఩࡟ᑐࡋ࡚ཌࡃᚚ♩⏦ࡋୖ
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┦ᕝ༤ᚿ࣭໭ᅬ㑥ᘺ࣭⸨⏣㈼㍜࣭ᴬ ⱥ㞝㸬2013㸬࢝ࣥ࢟ࢶ‘୙▱ⅆ’ᯝᐇࡢMAໟ⿦㈨ᮦά⏝࡟ࡼࡿ㛗ᮇ㈓ⶶᢏ⾡ ➨1ሗ ‘୙▱ⅆ’ᯝᐇࡢ㛗ᮇ㈓ⶶ࡟㐺ࡍࡿ ᗘ㸬⇃ᮏ㎰ᴗ◊✲ࢭࣥࢱ࣮◊✲ሗ࿌㸬20: 34-37㸬ᆏ㔝 ‶࣭㕥ᮌᐶஅ࣭ᮡཎᕦ♸࣭኱ᶫᖾ㞝࣭ụ㔝 ㆤ㸬2004㸬࢝ࣥ࢟ࢶ‘ࡣࡿࡳ’ࡢ㝸ᖺ஺஫⤖ᐇ᱂ᇵ࡟࠾ࡅࡿࢩ࢖ࢡ࣡ࢩ࣮ࣕྎࡢ฼⏝㸬ឡ▱㎰⥲ヨ◊ሗ㸬36㸸 41-45㸬
⸨ཎᩥᏕ࣭஭ୖஂ㞝㸬2008㸬‘ࡣࡿࡳ’ࡢ⤖ᐇ⟶⌮ἲࡢ㐪࠸ࡀ㝸ᖺ⤖ᯝᛶ㸪ⅣỈ໬≀㸪ရ㉁࡟
ཬࡰࡍᙳ㡪㸬ឡ፾ᯝᶞヨ◊ሗ㸬22: 9-16㸬ᩥᐊᨻᙪ࣭ᇼᕝຬḟ࣭Ḉ஭┤ᶞ㸬2014㸬ࣈࣛࢵࢻ࢜ࣞࣥࢪ࡜ࣁࢵࢧࢡࡢࡍୖࡀࡾᯝุู࡟࠾
ࡅࡿ㡢㡪᣺ືἲࡢ㐺⏝㸬ᅬᏛ◊ 13(4):365-370㸬

Goto A and Araki C (1983) Chemical composition and internal anatomy of the gelated andgranulated juice sacs of Sanbokan (Citrus sulcata hort. ex Takahashi) fruit. J. Japan. Soc.
Hort. Sci., 52(3): 316-324.
℈⏣⨾ᬛ㞝࣭ⓑ▼⨾ᶞኵ㸬2020㸬㨶║ࣞࣥࢬࢆ⿦╔ࡋࡓࢹࢪࢱ࣓ࣝ࢝ࣛ࡜⏬ീฎ⌮ࢯࣇࢺࠕFijiImageJࠖࢆ⏝࠸ࡓ⏕㣗⏝ࣈࢻ࢘ရ✀ࡢⴥ㠃✚ᣦᩘࡢ᥎ᐃ㸬ᅬᏛ◊㸬19(1): 83-88㸬㛗㇂ᕝ⨾඾࣭ఀᗞ៞᫛㸬1984㸬࢝ࣥ࢟ࢶ㢮ࡢ㈓ⶶ࡟ཬࡰࡍ ᗘࡢᙳ㡪Ⅱ㈓ⶶணᥐࡢ ᗘ࡟ࡘ࠸࡚㸬ᯝᶞヨሗ B11: 53-61㸬ᯘ⏣ㄔ๛㸬2011㸬୰ᬌ⏕࢝ࣥ࢟ࢶࡢᯝ㠃㞀ᐖⓎ⏕ᐇែ࡜‘ࡏ࡜࠿’࡟࠾ࡅࡿⓎ⏕㍍ῶᢏ⾡㸬㛗ᓮ㎰ᯘᢏࢭ◊ሗ 2: 129-142㸬ᖹ㔝 ᬡ࣭᳃ᒸ⠇ኵ㸬1975㸬࢝ࣥ࢟ࢶࡢ╔ᯝ⛬ᗘ࡜ᶞࡢ⏕㛗࠾ࡼࡧ཰㔞࡜ࡢ㛵ಀ㸦➨ 1 ሗ㸧ᐑᕝ᪩⏕ᗂᮌ࡟࠾ࡅࡿᯝᐇ཰㔞࡜ⴥࡢ≀㉁⏕⏘ຊ㸬ᅬᏛ㞧 44(2): 99-106㸬ᖹ㔝 ᬡ࣭᳃ᒸ⠇ኵ࣭୰஭⁠㑻࣭ᒾ⏣ṇஂ㸬1969㸬࢝ࣥ࢟ࢶࡢⴥ㠃✚ࡢ ᐃἲ㸦➨ 1 ሗ㸧㸯ᯛࡢⴥࡢⴥ㠃✚ࡢ᥎ᐃ㸬༓ⴥᬮᆅᅬヨ◊ሗ㸬1: 11-15㸬ஂᯇ ዡ࣭ᑠᕝཎᩧ࣭✄ⴥඖⰋ㸬2005㸬
͂ࡣࡿࡳ̓ࡢ╔ⰼ≉ᛶ࠾ࡼࡧᯝᐇ㝵⣭࡜ᯝᐇရ㉁࡜
ࡢ㛵ಀ㸬㟼ᒸ᯿ヨ◊ሗ㸬341-6㸬ఀᗞ៞᫛㸬1978㸬୰ᬌ᯿㢮ᯝᐇࡢ㩭ᗘಖᣢᢏ⾡㸬㎰ᴗཬࡧᅬⱁ㸬53: 1337-1343㸬
ụ⏣⿱ᮁ㸬2010㸬͂ࡣࡿࡳ̓㸬୰ᬌ᯿ࢆࡘࡃࡾࡇ࡞ࡍ㸬p 22-43㸬㎰ᩥ༠⦅㸬㎰ᩥ༠㸬ᮾி㸬ụ⏣⿱ᮁ㸬1985㸬͂୙▱ⅆ̓㸬㎰ᴗᢏ⾡య⣔㸬ᯝᶞ඲᭩ 1 ࢝ࣥ࢟ࢶ㸬p352-13-3㸬㎰ᩥ༠㸬ᮾி㸬✄ⴥ୍⏨㸬1969㸬࢝ࣥ࢟ࢶࡢ㈓ⶶ࡟㛵ࡍࡿ◊✲ (3) ᕝ㔝ࢼࢶࢲ࢖ࢲ࢖ࡢ࣏࢚ࣜࢳࣞࣥ㈓ⶶ࡟
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ࡢᾋ⓶㍍ῶຠᯝ࡟ࡘ࠸࡚㸬ᅬᏛ㞧 54: 171-177㸬Ἑ℩᠇ḟ࣭㧗ཎ฼㞝࣭ᘅ℩࿴ᴿ࣭ᑠ㔝♸ᖾ࣭ྜྷỌ຾୍㸬1984㸬࢘ࣥࢩ࣑ࣗ࢘࢝ࣥᯝᐇ࡟࠾ࡅࡿ
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㎰ᯘỈ⏘┬㸬㸬ᯝᐇࡢ඲ᅜᶆ‽つ᱁㸬S㸬ᯇᮏ ග㸬2014㸬࣐ࣥࢲࣜࣥ㢮ᯝᐇࡢရ㉁ಖᣢ࡟࠾ࡅࡿ཰✭ᚋ ᗘࡢ㔜せᛶ㸬᳜ㄪ48(4)㸸1924㸬

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㎰ᯘỈ⏘ᾘ㈝Ᏻ඲ᢏ⾡ࢭࣥࢱ࣮㸦FAMIC㸧
㸬2021㸬 https://www.acis.famic.go. jp/index.htm
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https://www.maff.go.jp/j/tokei/kouhyou/tokusan_kazyu
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ᮇ㈓ⶶᢏ⾡ ➨1ሗ ㈓ⶶ୰ࡢᯝᐇࡢ⢾ᗘ࠾ࡼࡧࢡ࢚ࣥ㓟⃰ᗘࡢ᥎⛣㸬⇃ᮏ㎰ᴗ◊✲ࢭࣥࢱ࣮◊✲ሗ࿌㸬20:26-33㸬
బ⸨ᬒᏊ࣭⏕㥖ྜྷ㆑࣭ᯇᮏ ග࣭୰ᔱ┤Ꮚ㸬2015㸬࢘ࣥࢩ࣑ࣗ࢘࢝ࣥᯝᐇࡢᾋࡁ⓶࡜╔Ⰽ࡟ཬࡰࡍࢪ࣋ࣞࣜࣥ࡜ࣉࣟࣄࢻࣟࢪࣕࢫࣔࣥࡢᩓᕸ⃰ᗘ࣭᫬ᮇࡢᙳ㡪㸬ᅬᏛ◊㸬14: 419-426㸬
ΎỈ㐩ኵ࣭㫽₲༤㧗࣭㫽ᒃ㙠⏨㸬1975㸬 ᕞ࣑࢝ࣥࡢ╔ᯝ㈇ᢸ࡟㛵ࡍࡿ◊✲㸦➨ 3 ሗ㸧ⴥᯝẚࡀ཰✭ᮇࡢᶞయෆⅣỈ໬≀ྵ㔞࡞ࡽࡧ࡟⩣᫓ࡢ╔ⰼᩘ࣭᪂ⴥᩘ࡟ཬࡰࡍᙳ㡪㸬ᅬᏛ㞧㸬43: 423429㸬

ᮡᒣὈஅ࣭Ụᮏຬ἞࣭℈ᓮ Ḉ࣭㕥ᮌᬕኵ࣭኱ᇛ ᫭㸬2008㸬❅⣲᪋⫧㔞ࡢ㐪࠸ࡀ࢝ࣥ࢟ࢶ‘୙▱ⅆ’ᗂᮌࡢᶞయ⏕⫱࣭ᯝᐇရ㉁࠾ࡼࡧⴥ୰↓ᶵᡂศྵ᭷⋡࡟ཬࡰࡍᙳ㡪㸬ᅬᏛ◊㸬7(2):203-208㸬ᮡᒣὈஅ࣭Ụᮏຬ἞࣭℈ᓮ Ḉ࣭㕥ᮌᬕኵ࣭኱ᇛ ᫭㸬2011㸬❅⣲᪋⫧㔞ࡢ㐪࠸ࡀ࢝ࣥ࢟ࢶ‘ࡣࡿࡳ’ᗂᮌࡢᶞయ⏕⫱࣭ᯝᐇရ㉁ཬࡧⴥ୰↓ᶵᡂศྵ᭷⋡࡟ཬࡰࡍᙳ㡪㸬㟼ᒸ㎰ᢏ◊ሗ㸬
4: 51-59㸬ᶲ࣭ඵᖭⱱᮌ㸬2004㸬࣡ࢭ࢘ࣥࢩࣗ࢘ࡢ㝸ᖺ⤖ᯝࡢ㜵Ṇ࡟᭷ຠ࡞᭱㐺ⴥᯝẚ㸬ᅬᏛ㞧㸬73: 150156㸬
℧ୗᩥᏕ㸬2020㸬᦬ᯝ⿵ຓල㸬ᐇ⏝᪂᱌Ⓩ㘓➨ 3225797 ྕ㸬℧ୗᩥᏕ㸬2020㸬ࡇࢀ࠿ࡽࡢẼ㇟⅏ᐖ࡜᯿ᶲ᱂ᇵ㸬72(6)㸸p. 6-8㸬℧ୗᩥᏕ࣭㤿ሙ᫂Ꮚ࣭ᫍ ඾ᘯ࣭᰿ゅ༤ஂ࣭ᅧ㈡ Ṋ࣭ᓥᓮᫀᙪ㸬2010㸬࢝ࣥ࢟ࢶ͂ࡣࡿࡳ̓
ࡢᯞᚄ࡟ࡼࡿⴥ㠃✚᥎ᐃ㸬ᅬᏛ◊㸬9㸦ู 1㸧263㸬℧ୗᩥᏕ࣭⚟⏣༤அ࣭༓ⴥ࿴ᙪ࣭ᕤ⸨࿴඾㸬1995㸬ࢥࣥࣆ࣮ࣗࢱ࣮࣭ࢢࣛࣇ࢕ࢵࢡࢫࢆ฼⏝ࡋࡓࣜࣥࢦࡢᶞᙧ࣭ග㏱㐣࣭ᯝᐇရ㉁ࡢゎᯒ㸬ᯝᶞヨ㦂ሙሗ࿌㸬27㸸43-64㸬

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ᗘ࡜࣏࢚ࣜࢳࣞࣥࣇ࢕࣒ࣝໟ⿦ࡀᯝᐇ

ࡢရ㉁࡟ཬࡰࡍᙳ㡪㸬ᅄᅜ㎰ヨሗ㸬40: 92-127㸬ෆ⏣ ㄔ㸬1983㸬⚟ཎ࢜ࣞࣥࢪࡢ෾⤖࡟ࡼࡿࡍୖࡀࡾ࡟㛵ࡍࡿ◊✲㸬Ϩ ᯝᐇࡢ෾⤖⛬ᗘ࡜ࡍୖࡀࡾ࡜ࡢ㛵ಀ㸬ᯝᶞヨሗ㸬D5:59-66㸬ෆ⏣ ㄔ㸬1984㸬⚟ཎ࢜ࣞࣥࢪࡢ෾⤖࡟ࡼࡿࡍୖࡀࡾ࡟㛵ࡍࡿ◊✲㸬ϫ ㈓ⶶ࡟ࡼࡿ෾⤖ᯝᐇࡢࡍୖࡀࡾ㜵Ṇ㸬ᯝᶞヨሗ㸬D6:77-84㸬ෆ⏣ ㄔ࣭ྜྷỌ຾୍࣭Ἑ℩᠇ḟ㸬1984㸬࢝ࣥ࢟ࢶᯝᐇ࡟࠾ࡅࡿ෾⤖≧ἣ࡜ࡍୖࡀࡾⓎ⏕ࡢရ✀㛫ᕪ␗㸬ᯝᶞヨሗ㸬D6:85-98㸬

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⸆ᖌᑎΎྖ㸬1970㸬 ᕞ࣑࢝ࣥࡢ᱂᳜ᐦᗘ࡟㛵ࡍࡿ◊✲-ィ⏬ᐦ᳜ࡢᇶ♏⌮ㄽ㸬ឡ፾ᯝヨ◊ሗ㸬
6: 1-86㸬Ᏻ➉ⱥᬕ㸬௒᭶ࡢసᴗ㸦୰ᬌ᯿㢮㸧
㸬2015㸬᯿ᶲ 67(12): 38-39㸬
ᶓᑿ᐀ᩗ࣭ዟ௦┤ᕭ࣭ᑠᅬ↷㞝࣭ᒾబಇྜྷ࣭኱ᓮᏲ㸬1963㸬ᕞ࣑࢝ࣥࡢᾋ⓶࡟㛵ࡍࡿ◊✲㸦➨ 1 ሗ㸧㸬ᅬヨሗ㸬D1: 29-44㸬ྜྷ⏣ಇ㞝࣭ᒣ⏣ᙯ㞝࣭᰿ゅ༤ஂ࣭ୖ㔝 ຬ࣭ఀ⸨♸ྖ࣭ྜྷᒸ↷㧗࣭᪥㧗ဴᚿ࣭ᐙᇛὒஅ࣭୐
ᲄᐥஅຓ࣭ᮌཎṊኈ࣭෠Ọⱱே㸬2000㸬࢝ࣥ࢟ࢶ᪂ရ✀͂ࡣࡿࡳ̓㸬ᯝᶞヨሗ㸬34
43-52㸬

Summary
Fruit quality of citrus ‘Harumi’ is very excellent but has some problem in producing equalized andmoderate size fruit every year. The wide range of fruit size causes unstable fruit quality and theoccurrence of different type of physiological disorders during storage. Thus, controlling fruit size andimproving storing condition is very important. This study is aimed at improving fruit thinning method
in citrus variety ‘Harumi’. To accomplish this purpose, a new fruit thinning criterion was developed
based on the relationship between branch diameter and leaf weight. The adoption of this new criterion
enabled us to conduct fruit thinning very easily and resulted in high rate of moderate fruit size, adequate
yield, and good flower formation in the following season. Another purpose of this study is to clarify
conditions which induce physiological disorders during storage. The effects of polyethylene wrap andfruit size were analyzed in five, or four-month storage. The type of physiological disorder was clarified
in accordance with fruit size and the availability of polyethylene wrapping was demonstrated.

㸯.Fruit thinning and physiological disorders in citrus variety ‘Harumi’Citrus variety ‘Harumi’ shows a wide range of fruit size, which affects fruit quality such as sugar andacid contents. In citrus, fruit size also affects the degree of physiological disorder which become a big
problem during storage. Thus, making fruit with equal and appropriate size is very important. Fruit
thinning is one of the most important techniques to adjust fruit size by controlling the fruit number.
Basically, fruit thinning has been conducted using a criterion based on leaf and fruit ratio (L/F) or fruit
number per canopy volume. In this review, several thinning criteria for ‘Harumi’ and other citrus
varieties are compared, and the pros and cons are discussed. In some citrus varieties, storage is necessary
to adjust shipping time. During the storage, some physiological disorders occurred in peel, flesh andwhole fruit. The occurrence of physiological disorders was influenced by citrus variety, fruit size, thepotion of fruits and environmental conditions during storage. In ‘Harumi’ which is classified to easypeeling variety, small fruit showed serious weight loss and peel wrinkle, while rind puffing anddehydration of flesh were big problems in large fruit during storage. Polyethylene (PE) bag wrapping
has been used to decrease the fruit wight loss and to prevent the occurrence of some physiologicaldisorders in tight-skin citrus varieties. However, the influences of PE wrapping on easy-peeling citrus
is unclear. In this study, the researchers on storage conditions, feature and cause of physiologicaldisorders during storage are also reviewed, and the effects of PE wrapping are discussed to improvestorage condition in ‘Harumi’.

㸰.Evaluation of fruit thinning criteria with branch diameter in citrus cultivar ‘Harumi’
Based on the relationship between branch diameter and leaf weight, authors set fruit thinning criterionwith branch diameter and evaluated the effects on productivity and fruit characteristics in citrus cultivar‘Harumi’. The relationship between branch diameter(X) and leaf weight(Y) were shown as Y=AXB foron-year, standard and off-year phases, respectively. We calculated branch diameter corresponding to 100
leaves and set as fruit thinning criterion in each tree phase (one fruit set per branch of 0.8 cm diameter,e.g.). Adopting these criteria to three phases resulted in fruit thinning rates ranging from 91.4% to 57.2%
in accordance with fruit load. There was no difference in harvested fruit number per canopy volume
among phases. The percentage of valuable fruit size between 180 g and 250 g was kept more than 50%
in standard phase, and its value in off-year phase was improved as fruit thinning criterion was modified.
Flower number per node in the following season showed successive fruit production. Thus, applying
fruit thinning criteria with branch diameter corresponding to tree phases enabled us to control fruit
number moderately, and consequently to produce high rate of valuable ‘Harumi’ citrus fruits.

㸱.Effects of polyethylene wrapping and fruit size on the occurrence of physiological disorders
during storage in citrus variety ‘Harumi’.
In this study, the effects of polyethylene (PE) wrapping and fruit size on the fruit qualities andoccurrence of fruit disorders during storage at ambient temperature were investigated in citrus variety‘Harumi’. In the test of five months of storage, the occurrence of peel wrinkles was serious in the smallclasses (M, L) without PE wrapping. However, it was prevented by PE wrapping remarkably. In thelarge classes (2L-4L), the occurrence of dehydration of flesh was observed in the fruit without PE
wrapping. On the contrary, the decrease of specific gravity and occurrence of dehydration of flesh wereprevented drastically by the PE wrapping. In addition, the occurrence of rind puffing was influenced byfruit size but not PE wrapping. In the test of four months storage, the effects of length and timing of PE
wrapping were compared. The results showed that weight loss and the occurrence of peel wrinkles wereprevented by PE wrapping regardless of the length and timing. The occurrence of rind puffing in the
fruit wrapped with PE in the first half and throughout storing period was not higher than that without
wrapping. These results indicate that storage period can be elongated until April by storing fruit with PE
wrapping in citrus variety ‘Harumi’.

ᮏ◊✲ࡢᇶ♏࡜࡞ࡿㄽᩥ┠㘓㸯㸧  Fumitaka Takishita, Fumie Nishikawa, Hikaru Matsumoto and Masaya Kato. 2021. Fruit
thinning and physiological disorders in citrus variety‘Harumi’. Reviews in Agricultural Science.
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