15

No.

The 21st Century COE Program
Mechanical Systems Innovation, The University of Tokyo

E

March 20th 2008

Final Issue：Research & Educational Achievements in
Mechanical Systems Innovation

25th January, 2008. Cross Department Doctoral Course Final Results Debriefing Session

Reflection at the End of the 21st Century COE Program Mechanical Systems Innovation
Nobuhide Kasagi, Program Leader

In the five-year program started in 2003 for establishing a center of excellence for research and education, we have been developing activities
aiming at restructuring engineering discipline based on mechanics by creating visions and aims appropriate for the new century. That is to say, we
have been exploring how mechanical engineering and technology could help in converting the exceedingly expanded human sphere into asustainable system that can co-exist with the earth, and also in materializing sound and comfort lives as well as a safe and secure society forpeople with diverse senses of value. We focused mainly on the energy and biomedical fields in addition to the modeling/simulation technology,
which supports leading design of future mechanical systems. In an open international environment, more than a hundred people, including
faculties and Ph.D. candidates, have been involved in this program to establish a base where transdisciplinary research activities can be createdbeyond generations and departments. Such base has also enabled us to engage in various attempts to cultivate able young people.
In the field of energy innovation, we worked with related major industrial companies as a part of industry-academia collaboration toward theenergy security of our country, and publicly issued Triple Fifties: Japan s Energy Vision for 2030. We extracted technological issues based on
the vision and promoted some fundamental research projects. Concerning highly value-added energy utilization, which would sustain future
ubiquitous environment and aging society, we promoted R&D studies on micro energy conversion technologies. We also launched a project
named Innovative Aerial Robots for natural resource search and security monitoring, and expanded its activity outside the University in such
ways as presentation at EXPO Aichi 2005 and organizing annual student competitions.
In the field of biomedical innovation, an outstanding progress was made in the basic study on human-friendly medical processes, i.e.,
noninvasive/minimally invasive treatments or remote diagnosis/treatment. Development of a new diagnostic treatment system was advanced byfusion of ultrasound technology and medical robotics. For regenerative medicine, we studied dynamical effects on cell differentiation and also
developed a micro cell processing system for extracting rare stem cells from peripheral blood. These activities have greatly contributed toestablishing a new postgraduate course of bioengineering at the School of Engineering.
A distinct progress has also been made in hyper-modeling/simulation, which supports designing innovative and advanced mechanical systems.
We continuously advanced the numerical methodology for multi-scale analysis covering molecular to continuum scales, and for multi-physics
analysis dealing with coupled dynamical, electrical/electronic and chemical phenomena, while developing the methods for whole systemsimulation and system optimization with extra-large scale computation. Several examples of our achievement are microscopic analysis ofsemiconductor structures and capillary vessel systems, design simulation of micro engines and fuel cells, and simulation of large-scale structures
and thermal/fluids systems.
Concerning human resource development, continuous exchange of ideas and opinions between industry and academia with voluntary
participation of postgraduates has made an unprecedented mutual understanding possible. We have reached a shared recognition that, as theworld is increasingly globalized, an internationally competitive industry is indispensible for establishing a knowledge-oriented society and assuring
sustainable development. So, we should pursue postgraduate education with a distinct target of nurturing people who can lead innovation in adiversely developing society. Some of the new programs are the group-PBL style
Inter-departmental Lectures
for acquiring project
management skills and comprehensive understanding of the trend in technological development; the doctoral internship program at companies..
and national laboratories for developing problem-setting/resolving capacity; and annual international exchange program with Eidgenossische..
Technische Hochschule (ETH) Zurich.
Reflecting on all the above achievements, major outcomes of this COE program can be summarized into the following three items:
Promotion of research projects beyond the frames of specialties and/or departments, and vision-driven research projects,
Innovation of postgraduate education programs, clear definition of the aims, and awareness raising of the teaching staff and students,
Sharing of visions and aims between industry and academia towards attainment of research and education goals.
Especially, concerning the postgraduate education, I feel it is a unique achievement of our COE program that both teaching staff and students
have realized that, in order to achieve human resource development based on the visions and aims in the new century, it should be necessary torebuild education programs as concrete means to nurture basic grounding, professional knowledge, literacy, and competency, and introduce aneffective monitoring system to check the degree of achievement. We have actually promoted an organized and systematic reformation.
Although there are still remaining issues, I have had a sure feeling about the progress in the new system of research and education each time I
saw confident smile of postgraduates and young researchers. I would like to take pride in establishing and bringing up a center of excellence not
only with the project promoters and teaching staffs involved but also with postgraduates who will sustain the future.
This program is closed in this fiscal year, but we will make even more efforts in maintaining our activities as an international education andresearch center. On behalf of the 21COE program members, I would like to sincerely acknowledge supports from many people in industries, otheruniversities and government offices in a variety of forms, and express our deepest gratitude to them.

Energy Innovation Project
Chisachi Kato: Institute of Industrial Science(Mechanical Engineering Department)

In addition to reducing environmental load and stabilizing energy supply, the ability to select a variety of energy delivery modes will become arequirement of future society. This capability will support our everyday lives such as through mobile power supplies for information appliances andnursing equipment. The Mechanical Systems Innovation program has been promoting the research and development of elemental and systemtechnologies and simulation technologies as the key to achieving this future society. This R&D has been centered on high-efficiency energy
conversion system, compact and distributed energy sources, energy-harvesting and heat-recovery technologies, and recycling technology. This
report introduces several key research achievements from among these projects.

High-efficiency Energy Conversion System
To raise the efficiency of gas-turbine combustors and make their emissions clean, the atomization process of fuel film in the combustors fuelinjection valve must be understood in detail and the process must be optimized. As a first step in that direction, visualization experiments
conducted by the Watanabe Laboratory have enabled this atomization process to be observed. They have also led to the formulation of anumerical calculation method that can handle free surfaces and the separation and unification of liquid film. Computational results by this techniqueshow good agreement with experimental results. This work should lead to a greater understanding of the atomization process (Figure 1).
At present, combustion gas at the inlet of gas turbines used for generating electricity reaches temperatures up to 1500°
C. To increase theefficiency of gas-turbine power-generating plants and combined-cycle power-generating plants, it is essential that temperature at the turbine inlet
be made even higher. This will require accurate prediction of the heat transfer coefficient of high-pressure-stage blade cascades and the
optimization of blade cooling design. However, the conventional Reynolds-Averaged Navier-Stokes Simulation (RANS) technique is limited in its
ability to make high-precision predictions of the heat transfer coefficient in a flow field that includes transitions. At the Kato Chisachi Laboratory,
Large Eddy Simulation (LES) is being used to predict the heat transfer coefficient for the surface of a blade in a gas turbine. Results so far
indicate the possibility of making quantitative predictions of transition points and heat transfer coefficients (Figure 2) that should contribute to thedevelopment of advanced cooling designs for gas turbine blades.

Figure 1: Experimental visualization (above) and numerical simulation (below)of the atomization process of liquid film (Watanabe Laboratory)

Figure 2: Prediction of heat transfer coefficient for blade surfaces
in a gas turbine using LES (Kato Chisachi Laboratory)Energy Innovation Project
Compact and Distributed Energy Sources
Fuel cells have been attracting much attention as small-sized and distributed energy sources, but the optimal design of its electrode structure isindispensible for raising fuel-cell performance. So far, the implementation of such design improvements based mainly on empirical results has had
limited effects. In response to this situation, the Kasagi-Shikazono Laboratories have constructed a prototype microchip-type Solid Oxide Fuel Cell
(SOFC) system and measured power-generating characteristics. They also formulated a numerical simulation model for a fuel-electrode porous
structure, and applied the lattice Boltzman method to the prediction of overpotential characteristics that essentially indicate conversion loss inthese electrodes (Figure 3).
Gas engines supporting various types of biomass gases have also been attracting attention as a future source of energy. The Kaneko
Laboratory has calculated heat production and estimated fuel calorie load in such an engine by detecting intra-cylinder pressure, and its researchteam has constructed a prototype biogas engine that can control ignition timing and the air-fuel ratio in an optimal manner. Figure 4 shows the
prototype engine and engine test results when varying fuel load. When changing the type of fuel gas (top graph), the engine automatically
performs optimal control of the air-fuel ratio (middle graph) and ignition timing (bottom graph) thereby demonstrating that stable operation can beachieved for a variety of biogas fuels.

Figure 3: Model of SOFC fuel-electrode structure and results of characteristics
prediction by the lattice Boltzman method (Kasagi-Shikazono Laboratories)

Figure 4: Prototype biomass gas engine supporting various fuel calorie
loads (Kaneko Laboratory)

Energy Harvesting and Heat-recovery Technology
Figure 5: Prototype microvibration-type electret power generator (Kasagi-Suzuki Laboratories)
The movement of people, automobiles, and other things in society gives rise to microvibrations (environmental vibrations). If a means can befound to use such vibrations to generate electricity, it should be possible to develop ultra-long-life power supplies without the need for fuel. A widearray of applications can be envisioned such as power supplies for radio devices in unmanned locations and power supplies for sensors inlocations inappropriate for other types of power supplies. The Kasagi-Suzuki Laboratories have undertaken the research and development ofstatic-induction power generation using electrets and have constructed a prototype microvibration-type electret power generator using a microelectromechanical system (MEMS). Although power generation by such a device was limited to the microwatt level in the past, the research
conducted here is helping to make devices on the milliwatt level promising (Figure 5).

Figure 5: Prototype microvibration-type electret power generator (Kasagi-Suzuki Laboratories)

Environmental Recycling Technology
This Center of Excellence (COE) supports the R&D of environmental recycling technology in addition to research on high-efficiency energy
systems, distributed power supplies, and energy harvesting as described above. To give an example, Figure 6 shows the results of an experimentconducted at the Fujita Laboratory on explosive fragmentation in water. These results demonstrate that energy in the form of a 1.7-GPa highpressure shockwave can be used to separate electrical appliances like cell phones with an amount of energy much lower than that used byconventional methods.

Figure 6: Energy-saving separation experiment using explosive fragmentation in water (Fujita Laboratory)

Innovative Aerial Robot Project
Shinji Suzuki：Department of Aeronautics and Astronautics

Goal and Scope of the ProjectAs a cross-sectional research project in the COE program, the Innovative Aerial Robot
Project (IARP) was organized to promote collaborative activities between COE members
and students. The target of IARP is to develop unmanned aerial vehicles (UAVs). UAVs
with autonomous flight systems and aerial photography equipment are expected to be of
considerable use in missions such as early reconnaissance of disaster areas andenvironment monitoring. From concept designs to its applications become a focus ofcollaborative research and educational activities throughout the COE program.
Flying Robot

Developed Technology
Mini UAVs were developed for EXPO 2005 through by entrustment by NEDO (New
Energy and Industrial Technology Development organization). These mini UAVs electric
powered weight less then 2.0 kg are automatically guided by GPS signals and have adata link system using cellular phone communication lines. This size was selected toenable operators to carry and the launch a flying robot with ease.
We have explored the feasibility of aerial monitoring of disaster areas and naturalenvironments. We participated in a general emergency drills in Nagata Ward, Kobe Cityin 2005 and 2006 and in aerial monitoring at Yamakoshi Village which was struck by a big
earthquake in 2005. These projects were carried out in close cooperation with Mitsubishi
Electric Company. For environment monitoring, aerial photography has been practiced
periodically since 2005 with the Hiroshima Prefectural Forestry Research Center. These
activities were utilized to acquire flight testing skill and to improve the flight system.

Feedback on Education
A new design class in the graduate course of the department of Aeronautics andField Flight Experiment
Astronautics was created by Professor Kennichi Rinoie. In the class, UAVs are designed,
constructed and flight-tested by groups of students. Additionally, in the inter-department
class in our COE program, an innovative MAV design was developed by one group and its prototype was created in IARP. In order to expand ouractivities over Japan, we held an indoor-flying robot contest for students under the auspices of JSASS (Japan Society of Aeronautical and Space
Sciences). Self-made model planes of less than 150 gram weight with a small wireless camera were used for a target identification mission in alarge exhibition hall. For this year s 3rd annual competition, some foreign teams will be invited as well. The department of aeronautics andastronautics received the Ministry of Education and Science Award from the Japan Society for Engineering Education for organizing these
activates.

Feedback on Research
Following upon the launch of IARP, joint meetings have been held periodically and several research activities started. These include individual
projects as well as projects managed by joint research groups with different organization including industries. Research areas cover a wide rangeof fields such as Low Reynolds Number Aerodynamics, Insect Flight Control Analysis, GPS/INS Avio-units, Microwave Energy Transmission,
Flapping Wing Flight, Solar Powered Planes, VTOL UAVs, Automatic Flight Helicopter Flight, CFRP materials. At several international
conferences best paper awards were obtained by our research groups.

Conclusion
Our projects have been reported by the media and we have organized an international symposium annually. IARP is now internationallyrecognized as a center of expertise for research and education on flight systems. IARP shows great potential and we look forward to further
evolve our activities in the future.

Biomedical Innovation Project
Mamoru Mitsuishi : Department of Engineering Synthesis

Development of biomedical systems in the next generation
M.Mitsuishi and Y.Matsumoto s group developed the integrated system, for noninvasive
ultrasound diagnosis and treatment, by utilizing visual tracking technology, based on thestereo diagnostic images(Fig.1).The concept behind our proposal focuses on destroying
tumors and stones. Using focused ultrasound directly without damaging healthy tissue
while tracking and following the affected area -- kidney stones in this case -- during
movement due, for example to the patient's respiration.The prototype system has been
The integrated system for non-invasive
constructed, which tracks and follows model stones. Some experiments have been
ultrasound diagnosis and treatment
conducted to destroy the model stones so far. Average tracking error: 1mm is realized,
so far. The model stones move in accordance with the input motion pattern of the realhuman kidney by respiration. The robust visual tracking method for the change in the
shape of the stone is newly proposed and implemented in the present study. A
controller, considering the quasi-periodical respiratory motion, is also proposed andimplemented. The realization of the system is expected which tracks, follows, anddestroys stones within the real body precisely.
M.Nakao and H.Takahashi s group investigated how neural circuits are developed indissociated cultured neurons. Hypothesizing that organized external stimuli anddefinition of the input-output relationship of neural circuits have great impacts on thedevelopment, this study developed a light-addressable electrode and culture dish with 3dimensional microstructures. The light-addressable electrode employed a hydrogenatedamorphous silicon (a-Si:H) as a photo-sensitive conductive layer and zinc antimonatedispersed epoxy (ZADE) as a passivation layer, which prevented penetration of culture
medium and thus avoiding deterioration of a-Si:H layer. Also the experimental setup wedeveloped allowed simultaneous calcium imaging in conjunction with the light-addressablestimulation. These setups demonstrated that the spatial resolution of the light-addressable
Micro cell sorter prototype with antibody-coatedstimulation was approximately 10μm. The cultured dishes with 3-dimensional microstructure
affinity chromatography micro column
consisted of a micro-slope and wall with a 20μm height, which was designed to induce
asymmetry in the signal transfer; neurite growth rate from the wall to slope side would be suppressed. Calcium imaging of stimulation-induced
activities demonstrated the directional property of signal transfer, by which neural activities by slope-side stimulation can propagate better to theother side than those by wall-side stimulation, confirming our hypothesis. We believe these two novel techniques will open a new avenue toinvestigate the development of the neural circuit of dissociated cultured neurons.
N. Kasagi, T. Ushida, Y. Suzuki, K. Furukawa and N. Shikazonos group developed Micro Cell Sorting Systems. Stem cell therapy is a rapidly
evolving biomedical technology, in which multipotent stem cells are cultured in vitro and transplanted to regenerate damaged or deficit tissue. Oneof the key issues in tissue engineering is efficient detection and extraction of rare primary cell sources such as stem cells. Therefore, it is very
important to develop devices for rapid separation of rare cell samples with high purity and accuracy. In the present study, we are developing cellsorting systems for rapid detection and separation of cells with specific antigens from biofluids such as peripheral blood. Accomplishments so far
are as follows; 1) development of cone-plate-driven rotational flow chamber for trapping target cells on antibody-coated surface of temperaturesensitive gel, 2) development of on-chip cell labeling mixer and magnetic separator as components of micro immunomagnetic cell sorting system,
for stem cell extraction from small amount of concentrated blood sample such as white blood cell fraction, and 3) design and microfabrication ofnovel antibody-coated affinity chromatography micro column for surface-marker-based separation of cells without the need of labeling particles(Fig. 2). Through quantitative evaluation of the performance of these devices, we have shown that the cell sorting principles are promising for use
in tissue engineering, and have established concrete design methodologies of these systems for future clinical use.
M.Washizus group investigated methodologies for bio-manipulation of cells and DNA using the electric field constriction created by amicrofabricated orifice whose diameter is smaller than that of the cells, the reversible breakdown of biological membrane can be induced at atargetted position on the cell in a controlled manner, thus leading to high-yield and less-invasive electroporation and electrofusion. More than 90%
yield is achieved both for the poration and the fusion with the method. Other research topics include the modulation of enzymatic activities by theuse of periodical micro-structures, single molecular manipulation of chromosomal DNA based on optically-driven micro-hooks and micro-bobbins,by which DNA can be picked and wound at will.

Hyper Modeling and Simulation Project
Yoichiro Matsumoto : Department of Mechanical Engineering

Establishment and enhancement of multi-physics and multi-scale analysis methods
To cultivate and create various kinds of future technologies to better human life,
it is indispensable to establish powerful design methodologies incorporating highperformance simulations that accurately model the complex multi-scale and multiphysics phenomena that occur internal and external to real mechanical systems. In
order to develop such engineering methodologies based on a hierarchy fromquantum to continuum mechanics, we have been tackling advanced modeling for
micro and nano scale fundamental processes, physics and chemistry at interfaces
between different phases, nonlinear multi-scale and biochemical phenomena, andso forth. We also have been investigating ultra high-speed computationalalgorithms to achieve large-scale and complex simulations coupled with the newmodels.
The analysis of mechanical properties of materials is one of the typical targets
that highly require multi-scale and multi-physics modeling. In order to simulatematerial properties, we developed methodologies such as generic developing
method of interatomic potentials, multi-scale modeling of surface reactions, hybrid
Construction of a hierarchical dynamical system fromsimulations employing first principles calculations and classical molecularquantum mechanics to continuum mechanics
dynamics (MD), coupling of MD and finite element mothod, and so on. Our
simulations based on these methodologies accurately predict material properties.
We developed simulation tools for the circulation of blood in the human bodysince it is getting more important for the achievement of advanced medical care for
cardiovascular disease, cerebrovascular disease, and others, which are becoming
increasingly serious problems in the aging society. Our multi-scale analysis
covered from molecular-level transportations into cells through biomembrane tocontinuum level fluid-structure coupling between blood flow and dispersed bodies.
The transportation and mechanical properties of membrane were evaluated withmolecular simulation methods.
We also employed MD - continuum hybrid simulation which couples atomistic
simulation and continuum simulation and enables us to investigate meso- or
macro-scale phenomena while retaining molecular-scale resolution nearmembrane. At a continuum scale, a coupled fluid-structure analysis between bloodflow and dispersed bodies was conducted using immersed-boundary method. Our
simulation successfully reproduced the dispersed bodies passing through a
microchannel with their shapes largely deformed. In addition, with geometricmodels reconstructed from CT and MRI images of individual patients, we
conducted coupled fluid-structure analysis between blood flow and blood vessel
Control of lean premixed turbulent combustion
wall to unravel the cause of blood vessel impairment.
As a part of our turbulence modeling project, we constructed a hybrid simulation
method which couples direct numerical simulation (DNS) and large eddy simulation (LES). Our numerical scheme successfully predicted heat andmatter transport phenomena in concentration field with high Schmidt number. DNS simulations were also employed to evaluate and optimize thecontrol algorithm of turbulent drag reduction system using MEMS devices. We also investigated unsteady turbulent flows of turbomachinery andnoise production mechanism around high speed trains using LES simulations, which enable accurate predictions of flows with large separation,transitional flows and flow-induced noise.
We believe that the fruitful outcome of wide-ranging research topics during the five years of our COE project expands and deepens
fundamental academic knowledge, which must be incorporated in ongoing schematization of mechanical engineering, including theory ofmodeling and high-performance simulations by interdisciplinary collaboration.

Cross-Department Education Project
Shinsuke Sakai : Department of Mechanical Engineering

As a vision of cross-department doctoral program education, this department
aims to develop people with well-established fundamental education and highlevel technical knowledge, as well as with a sense of responsibility and mission
with creative ability, a pioneering force for unexplored fields, an internationalview, project planning, and management ability.
One of the three pillars of the doctoral program education is Mechanical
Systems Innovation I which is held as a cross-department PBL lecture. With
Nobuhide Kasagi as a program leader, although 1. fundamental education, 2.
technical knowledge, 3. literacy, and 4. competency are given as abilities
which must be cultivated by graduate school education, of these abilities, theprimary aim in this education project is to cultivate competency
Old doctorate graduates in industry often have been criticized because
although they are good at delving deeper into particular specialized areas,
their research is too sectional.

In response to this, with the recognition thatFig.1 Final Accomplishment Report Meeting

it is important to bring doctorate graduates, as human resources, not only into
academic fields such as colleges and national research organizations into
industry, as well as holding the cross-department lecture, the Council for
Human Resource Development Meeting was also established for informationexchange with industry. From industry, doctorate graduates were strongly
sought for the granting of an overlook view, power of teamwork, and theimprovement of research management ability, so these were set as one of the
key challenges of the cross-department lecture.
This lecture is held for one year. Projects are set as lecture activities, andafter students are placed in each project group, lectures and exercises arecarried out. In each group the future technology research development topics
are set in the introductory lectures, that is to say deepen the debate
concerning the meaning of this technology in society, the researchdevelopment roadmap, market introduction process, etc. An accomplishment
report meeting is held as a conclusion, and presentations are made by
students in English and by poster sessions. The final accomplishment reportmeeting is shown in Fig.1.

Fig.2 Student Participant Details

With the student participant accomplishment reports, related teachers andparticipants from industry take part and have a lively debate. Fig. 2 shows the number of participants over the four years that participated in thelecture and the details of the majors. Like this, this lecture was performed with the participation of students of fields with a wide scope of related
majors. With the purpose of surveying the evaluations from student participants, a questionnaire was given two times, at the middle and after theend of the lecture course. The result was that 90% of students answered, I understand the meaning of the course.

In addition, high evaluations

were received from industry such as the importance of the study of project management among several fields, and, a valuable opportunity to
study the targeting process by focusing on the theme.
This type of lecture form goes beyond the scopes of traditional college education. Therefore, it is important to accumulate the methodology tocultivate the power of teamwork and project management ability from acquired experience in this trial. Moreover, to develop these abilities by thecooperation of such as business project management specialists are thought to be important.

PhD Internship Program
Shigehiko Kaneko :Department of Mechanical Engineering

Background
The idea of starting internship program of PhD level was brought from a discussion in one of
the working group dealing with the collaboration of university and industries belonging a
Unmanned vehicle navigationcommittee for breeding PhD course students of 21COE. After the discussion of this working
group, the contents which PhD course students are recommended to acquire was summarized
as the ability for management, application and communication especially in English.
According to the recent survey by the committee on engineering education program at graduate
course level (2003.9.19) summarizing the opinion on the achievement level of the students before
entering PhD course and after finishing PhD course from university professors and industry
people, small difference was found on the items of ability of forecasting their research goal andlogical thinking, the level of knowledge and application of their specialties, writing technical papers
in Japanese and English and interests in international activities. However, large difference wasfound on the items of deep understanding and diversity of basic subjects, the ability forinnovation, planning and execution, diverse way of thinking and problem definition.
Final meeting
Under such a background, internship in PhD level meant for fostering the ability difficult toacquire by the university education was started in 2007.4. This program is named Mechanical System Innovation II with two credits all throughone year. Registered students in 2006 and 2007 were 8 and 5, respectively.

Schedule of internship
Internship starts with the guidance in mid April and after matching meeting with industries in mid May, students start their activities in mid June.
Period of internship varies from one to six months depending on the theme and the style of their activities.
Students are obliged to submit intermediate report in mid November, make presentations on their achievement at a meeting in late January andsubmit final report by the end of January. In some exceptional cases, the starting date of internship shifts down to late November due to thespecial reason on student or industry side.

Style of internshipThree types of internship are prepared such that (1) to select topic from the list proposed by companies and research institutes (6 students); (2)to pursuit the collaborating topic already operated between the university and the companies and research institutes (7 students); (3) to contact
companies and arrange new topic by the students themselves (0 students). Numbers inside parentheses are the number of students participatedthis program in 2006-2007. Internship activities are widely spread from flow analysis, flow measurement, utilization of air bubbles, evaluation on
the fracture of pipes due to the wall thickness deterioration by probabilistic approach, consulting support, flight test utilizing a commercial aircraft,
and flight test of unmanned small scale airplanes, etc.

Outcomes assessment
Comments from the registered students are summarized as follows; helpful experiences on deep physical understanding, acquiring new
knowledge on numerical calculation method, schedule management technique and problem solution technique etc. In addition, some students
rendered internship as a good opportunity to understand the difference on the standpoint of industries and university on the research and could
acquire the knowledge and information helpful for them to think about their future career. Most of the comments from the industry people who
acted as a tutor are positive saying that such internship program brings a chance for students to have a look at the activities of the researcher
who finished PhD course and a opportunity for stimulating young industry researchers as well. However, some of the industry people sent acomment that the period of internship is too short. Therefore, to reflect such a comment properly, the second internship program was designed tostart earlier compared with the first one.

Summary
Internship program of 2006 and 2007 brought the following valuable experience helpful to the future career for the students;(1) Importance of the idea from the standpoint of needs(2) View from a connection between their current research topic and society demand(3) Importance of time management and project management(4) Importance of the activities towards safety and security(5) Importance of information exchange by the people with different research background
In order to improve outcomes brought from this internship program of PhD level, university professors have to make the students completely
understand the aim and give them a good motivation before sending them to companies and research institutes.
Investigating the outcomes after finishing internship by university professors is also important.

Acknowledgement
At the end, I appreciate all the people of companies and research institutes who collaborated our first internship program of PhD level.

International Exchange Program
Tomonori Yamada : Department of Quantum Engineering and
Systems Science
Yosuke Hasegawa : Department of Mechanical Engineering

We have been running ETH-UT Exchange Programs aiming at promotion of young researchers cultivation through international researchexperience between other oversea bases since 2005. The purpose of this program is not only to offer opportunities to improve theircommunication skill in English but also to nurture able young researchers who can exert leadership by fully expressing themselves without
hesitation. The program sent out five RAs and a project research assistant in 2005, four Research Assistants (RAs) in 2006 and three RAs in..
2007. We ,too, have taken one professor and four young researchers (post doctorates) from ETH Zurich.
..
RAs are sent to ETH Zurich for about two months (October and November) on thisprogram. Those who wish to be appointed as a member of this program must contact
one of the host professors in advance and submit their research proposals to obtain an
preliminary acceptance of their stay. This process can help candidates improve theirEnglish skills and develop their planning ability, after which they must submit
permission letters of their visit from their supervisors in UT, the host professors
letters of consent to accept them and their written proposals of research activities
during the time they are dispatched. Three to five RAs are finally selected after theirpapers and results of interviews in English.
During the time they are dispatched, RAs must carry out reserach exchange/joint
reserach according to their own research plans. Project management skills andETH-UT Exchange Program 2005
leadership as well as fluency in English are required in the collaborative work withoversea researchers. They are also expected to obtain overall knowledge inengineering by developing and expanding their field of specialty taking suchopportunities as a variety of research presentations, visit to companies and so on. In
the final week of their two month stay, RAs must participate in joint workshop withyoung researchers in ETH to conclude their activities. After coming back to Japan, theymust submit reports and present their achievements in the Cross-Department Doctoral
Course .
We admit that two months is not long enough to expect extremely outstandingachievemnts in their research fileds. However, what we rather expect is that theirexperience will lead to further development in exchange among research groups andjoint researches. Oversea study is normally programmed for six months to one year,
ETH-UT Joint Workshop 2006
which often makes it too difficult for potential candidates to consider application,
because they also have to think about completing their doctorate theses, financial andsecurity aspects and it may seem too much of a risk for them. Our short-term exchange
program makes it possible for students to consider oversea research experience at asmaller risk. Also we arrange project teaching staff to stay with students in the first andthe final weeks of the two months so that they can cope with their new life abroad.
As winter term starts at the end of October in the Switzerland, not so many students
will be found around for a while just after their arrival. However, there will beinternational conferences, workshops and seminars taking place in the premises
around that time, so dispatched students can obtain broad knowledge in engineering by
taking part in them. From November, students can experience the Western stylelectures by taking lectures relevant to them. Circle reading which emphasizes on
discussion, in addition to writing on boards, is found fresh by some RAs. In the final
ETH-UT Joint Workshop 2007
week, as a conclusion to what they have achieved in the research, students hold a joint workshop inviting young reserachers they have worked
with and the host professors. Despite the short term, dispatched RAs each year come back with considerable achievements. It is not rare thatsuch achievements lead to research collaboration between UTand ETH.
Thus it seems fair to say this short-term oversea exchange program is an effective way of offering postgraduate students opportunities toacquire management skills and leadership which is difficult to foster in Japan. Development of collaboration at a faculty level preliminary
promoted by such students achievements is also a big benefit of this program. The most significant achievement of postgraduate students is anacquisition of confidence that they can work equally with oversea researchers and of stronger motivation for research activities, but not simply
improvement in communication skill. We recognize such confidence and motivation in RAs sparkling eyes when they come back home.

Program Executive Organization
Department/Institute
School of Engineering, University of Tokyo
Department of Mechanical Engineering
Department of Engineering Synthesis
Department of Environmental and Ocean Engineering
Department of Aeronautics and Astronautics
Department of Geosystem Engineering
Department of Quantum Engineering and Systems Science
Department of Nuclear Engineering and Management
Institute of Industrial Science
Center for Disease Biology and Integrative Medicine, Graduate School of Medicine

Program Executive Organization
Project Promoters
Program leader
Nobuhide Kasagi
Professor, Department of Mechanical Engineering, School of Engineering
Energy innovation
Masahiro Shoji Professor Emeritus, Department of Mechanical Engineering
Toshio Nagashima Professor, Department of Advanced Energy, School of Frontier Sciences
Chisachi Kato Professor, Department of Mechanical Engineering, Institute of Industrial Science
Takayuki Terai Professor, Department of Nuclear Engineering and Management, School of Engineering
Kazuro Kageyama Professor, Department of Technology Management for Innovation, School of Engineering
Nobuo Takeda Professor, Department of Advanced Energy, School of Frontier Sciences
Tamaki Ura Professor, Department of Environmental and Ocean Engineering, Institute of Industrial Science
Shinichi Nakasuka Professor, Department of Aeronautics and Astronautics, School of Engineering
Toyohisa Fujita Professor, Department of Geosystem Engineering, School of Engineering
Shigehiko Kaneko Professor, Department of Mechanical Engineering, School of Engineering
Shinji Suzuki Professor, Department of Aeronautics and Astronautics, School of Engineering
Biomedical innovation
Mamoru Mitsuishi Professor, Department of Engineering Synthesis, School of Engineering
Masao Washizu Professor, Department of Mechanical Engineering, School of Engineering
Masayuki Nakao Professor, Department of Engineering Synthesis, School of Engineering
Teruo Fujii Professor, Department of Environmental and Ocean Engineering, Institute of Industrial Science
Takashi Ushida Professor, Center for Disease Biology and Integrative Medicien, School of Facalty of Medicine
Hyper modeling / simulation
Yoichiro Matsumoto Professor, Department of Mechanical Engineering, School of Engineering
Genki Yagawa Professor, Department of Quantum Engineering and Systems Science, School of Engineering
Takafumi Fujita Professor, Department of Engineering Synthesis, Institute of Industrial Science
Hideaki Miyata Professor, Department of Environmental and Ocean Engineering, School of Engineering
Shinsuke Sakai Professor, Department of Mechanical Engineering, School of Engineering
Shinobu Yoshimura Professor, Department of Quantum Engineering and Systems Science, School of Engineering
Project members
Toshiki Iino Project Professor, International Research and Education Center for Mechanical Systems Innovation
Tomonori Yamada Project Lecturer, International Research and Education Center for Mechanical Systems Innovation
Kensuke Tsuchiya Project Research Associate, International Research and Education Center for Mechanical Systems Innovation
Yosuke Hasegawa Project Research Associate, International Research and Education Center for Mechanical Systems Innovation
Yoshiaki Akematsu Project Research Associate, International Research and Education Center for Mechanical Systems Innovation
Project Secretaries
Yuji Suzuki Associate Professor, Department of Mechanical Engineering, School of Engineering
Naoki Shikazono Associate Professor, Department of Mechanical Engineering, School of Engineering
Sinichi Warisawa Associate Professor, Department of Engineering Synthesis, School of Engineering
Shu Takagi Associate Professor, Department of Mechanical Engineering, School of Engineering
Katsuko Furukawa Associate Professor, Department of Mechanical Engineering, School of Engineering
Hideaki Murayama Associate Professor, Department of Environmental and Ocean Engineering, School of Engineering
Project Collaborates
Shigeo Maruyama Professor, Department of Mechanical Engineering, School of Engineering
Ichiro Yamada Professor, Department of Engineering Synthesis, School of Engineering
Mari Oshima Professor, Department of Engineering Synthesis, Institute of Industrial Science
Yutaka Toi Professor, Department of Environmental and Ocean Engineering, School of Engineering
Shinji Suzuki Professor, Department of Aeronautics and Astronautics, School of Engineering
Keiji Kawachi Professor, Department of Aeronautics and Astronautics, School of Engineering
Toshinori Watanabe Professor, Department of Aeronautics and Astronautics, School of Engineering
Advisory Committee
Kotaro Inoue Senior Fellow, Japan Science and Technology Agency
Noboru Kikuchi Professor, The University of Michigan
Yoshitsugu Kimura Professor Emeritus, The University of Tokyo
Tetsuya Tateishi Fellow, National Institute for Material ScienceActivities of Mechanical Systems Innovation Program〈Open Seminars〉◎FY2007-8th Seminar
Date: January 30, 2008 (Wednesday) 11:00-12:30
Venue : Lecture room 232(2-301), Faculty of Engineering bldg.2, Hongo campus
Subjec : The Novel Nanostructures of Carbon
Speaker : Professor Mildred S. Dresselhaus (Department of Electrical Engineeringand Computer Science, and Department of Physics, Massachusetts
Institute of Technology)〈International Symposium〉◎The 4th International Symposium on Innovative Aerial/Space Flyer Systems
Dates: January 14~15, 2008
Venue : Yayoi Auditorium Ichijo Hall, The University of Tokyo◎FY2007-9th Seminar
Date: January 25, 2008 (Friday) 16:00-18:00
Venue : Lecture room 73, Faculty of Engineering bldg.7, Hongo campus
Subject : Innovative UAV Control Research at RMIT University
Speaker : Associate Professor Cees Bil (Department of Aerospace Engineering,
RMIT University, Melbourne, Australia)〈Domestic Symposium〉◎The 3rd symposium on Holonic Energy Systems
Date: January 9, 2008 (Wednesday) 13:00-17:10
Venue : Takeda conference hall, Takeda bldg., Asano campus◎FY2007-10th Seminar
Date: February 18, 2008 (Monday) 14:00-15:30
Venue : Seminar room 2-31B, Faculty of Engineering bldg.2, Hongo campus
Subject : Colorful Carbon: Photophysics of Carbon Nanotubes
Speaker : Professor Tobias Hertel (Department of Physics andAstronomy & Vanderbilt, Institute of Nanoscale Scienceand Engineering (VINSE), Vanderbilt University)◎FY2007-11th Seminar
Date: February 19, 2008 (Tuesday) 15:00-16:30
Venue : Seminar room 2-31B, Faculty of Engineering bldg.2, Hongo campus
Subject : Floating Catalyst CVD Method for Controllable Synthesis of Carbon
Nanotubes
Speaker : Professor Hui-Ming Cheng (Shenyang National Laboratory for Materials
Science, Institute of Metal Research, Chinese Academy of Sciences)◎FY2007-12th Seminar
Date: March 12, 2008 (Wednesday) 10:30-12:00
Venue : Lecture Room 232 (2-301), Faculty of Engineering bldg.2, Hongo campus
Subject : Pressure-Induced Single-Walled Carbon Nanotube (n, m) Selectivity on
Co-Mo Catalysts
Speaker : Professor Yuan Chen (School of Chemical and Biomedical Engineering,
Nanyang Technological University, Singapore)◎The 4th International Symposium on Biomedical Systems Innovation
Date: February 18, 2008
Venue : Conference room 213, Faculty of Engineering bldg.2, Hongo campus◎21st Century COE symposium Mechanical Systems Innovation
Date: February 27, 2008 (Wednesday) 9:20-19:00
Venue : Conference room 221,222,223 Faculty of Engineering bldg.2,
Hongo campus〈Special Invited Lecture〉
Date: March 18, 2008
Venue : Yasuda Conference Hall, The University of Tokyo, Hongo Campus
Subject : INNOVATION AND THE SUSTAINABILITY CHALLENGE,
Rethinking the Role of Higher Education Institutions
Speaker : Professor Calestous Juma (Director, Science, Technology andGlobalization Project Belfer Center for Science and International
Affairs John F. Kennedy School of Government, Harvard University)〈Cross-Department Doctoral Course〉◎Reserch Assistant Final Debrief Session, Mechanical Systems
Innovation I, II
Date: January 25, 2008 (Friday) 13:00-20:30
Venue : Takeda conference hall, Takeda bldg., Asano campus

The 21st Century COE Program Mechanical Systems Innovation,Newsletter No.15E
March 20th, 2008
The 21st Century COE Program Mechanical Systems Innovation Office, The University of Tokyo
7-3-1 Hongo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 113-8656, JAPAN
Phone and Fax/+81 3 5841 7437
URL/ http://www.mechasys.jp