DISTRIBUTION OF CALCAREOUS NANNOPLANKTON SPECIESIN MEDITERRANEAN SEA SURFACE WATER
byAnnelies Kleijne,
Institute for Earth Sciences, Free University,
P. 0. Box 7161, 1107 I"'C Amsterdam
This note answers requests for a species list of the Mediterranean Sea
calcareous
nannoplankton.
I studied
15 surface samples from theMediterranean Sea (Figure 1), which were collected in July 1985, during
Cruise Gx of the Indonesian-Dutch Snellius-II Expedition, the homeward
voyage of the M.S.
Tyro from Indonesia to The Netherlands. The samples
were examined with a SEM, and 59 taxa could be identified.
The Mediterranean Sea nannoflora is characterized by an increased
relative holococcolithophorid frequency. Compared to the other parts ofCruise Gx, they also show an increase in number of species (30 of the 59
taxa are holococcolithophorids) and in absolute abundance. I am preparing apaper on holococcolithophorids, in which the taxonomy of these species istreated, and descriptions of species, new combinations, new species and newgenera are given. Also the heterococcolithophorid species will be dealt
with in future publications. Since it will take some time to publish all
manuscripts, the present note gives a list of the species that occur in theMediterranean Sea surface samples (Table 1).
Some species were not differentiated from each other in the analysis,
likeCorisphaera
gracilis
KAMPTNER I
Corisphaera type A, andHelladosphaera
cornifera(SCHILLER) KAMPTNER I
Corisphaera type B.
Some other species show a ~radual morphological variation; Gephyrocapsa
ericsonii
MciNTYRE and BE, G • ornata HEIMDAL and G • protohuxleyi
MciNTYRE have not been differentiated, and therefore are listed together.
They will be dealt with in a future publication.
For every species in Table 1 reference is made to published SEM- or TEM
micrographs on which the species can easily be identified, and notprimarily to the original description, or the description of a newcombination.
11110

10203040203040 E

EFigure l. Sampling stations of Cruise Gx in the Mediterranean Sea.

INA Newsletter vol.10 - 1988

41

REFERENCES
Borsetti, A.M., and F. Cati, 1972. Il nannoplankton calcareo vivente nel
Tirreno centro-meridionale. Giorn. Geol. ser. 2a, 38: 395-414.
Borsetti, A.M., and F. Cati, 1976 (B & C 1976). Il nannoplankton calcareo
vivente nel Tirreno centro-meridionale, Parte 2. Giorn. Geol. ser. 2a,
40: 209-240.
Gaarder, K.R., 1962. Electron microscope studies on holococcolithophorids.
Nytt Mag. Bot., 10: 35-51.
Gaarder,K.R.,
and B.R. Heimdal, 1977. A revision of the genus
Syracosphaera
LOHMANN (Coccal ithineae).
MeteorForsch.-Ergebn.,
Reihe D, 24: 54-71.
Halldal,P., and J. Markali, 1955. Electron microscope studies oncoccolithophorids from the Norwegian Sea, the Gulf Stream and theMediterranean. Norske Vidensk.-Akad. Oslo, Avh. Mat.-Nat. Kl., 1:1-30.
Hallegraeff, G.M., 1984. Coccolithophorids (calcareous nanoplankton) from
Australian waters. Botanica Marina, 27: 229-247.
Heimdal, B. R., 1973. Two new taxa of recent coccal ithophorids. Meteor
Forsch.-Ergebn., Reihe D, 13: 70-75.
Heimdal, B.R., and K.R. Gaarder, 1980 (H & G 1980). Coccolithophorids fromthenorthernpart of theeasterncentralAtlantic.
I.
Holococcolithophorids. Meteor Forsch.-Ergebn., Reihe D, 32: 1-14.
Heimdal, B.R., and K.R. Gaarder, 1981 (H & G 1981). Coccolithophorids fromthenorthernpartof the eastern
centralAtlantic.
II.
Heterococcolithophorids. Meteor Forsch.-Ergebn., Reihe D, 33: 37-69.
Kleijne, A., in prep. Holococcolithophorids from the Indian Ocean, RedSea, Mediterranean and North Atlantic; Snellius-II Expedition.
Manton, I., and K. Oates, 1983. Nanoplankton from the Galapagos Islands:
two generaof spectacular coccolithophorids ( Ophiaster andCalciopappus ), with special emphasis on unmineralized periplastcomponents. Phil. Trans. R. Soc. Land. B, 300: 435-462.
Manton, I., and K. Oates, 1985. Calciosoleniaceae (coccolithophorids) fromtheGalapagos
Islands:
unmineralizedcomponents and coccolithmorphology inAnoplosolenia and Calciosolenia , with a comparative
analysis of equivalents in the unmineralized genus Naviosolenia(Haptophyceae = Prymnesiophyceae). Phil. Trans. R. Soc. Lond. B, 309:461-477.
Mclntyre, A., and A.W.H. Be, 1Y67. Modern Coccolithophoridae of theAtlantic Ocean.- 1. Placoliths and cyrtoliths. Deep-Sea Res., 14 (5):561-597.
Norris, R.E., 1985. Indian Ocean Nannoplankton. II. Holococcolithophorids(Calyptrosphaeraceae,Prymnesiopnyceae)with a review of extant
genera. J. Phycol., 21: 619-641.
Okada, H., and A. Mcintyre, 1977 (0 &M 1977). Modern coccolithophores of
the Pacific and North Atlantic Oceans. Micropaleontology, 23 (1):1-55.
Reid, F.M.H., 1980. Coccolithophorids of the North Pacific Central Gyre
withnotes
on theirverticalandseasonaldistribution.
Micropaleontology, 26 (2): 151-176.
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INA Newsletter vol.10 - 1988

1111

.....

:z:I>:zTable 1. Distribution of calcareous nannoplankton in Mediterranean Sea surface water.

IDs-SPECIES.,

Emiliania huxleyi
Umbellosphaera tenuis
Rhabdosphaera stylifer
Syracosphaera pulchra
Caneosphaera halldalii
Sphaerocalyptra quadridentata
Calciosolenia murrayi
Rhabdosphaera longistylis
Corisphaera gracilis/
Corisphaera type A
Syracolithus quadriperforatus
Gephyrocapsa oceanica
Zygosphaera bannockii
Gephyrocapsa caribbeanica
Syracosphaera epigrosa
Syracosphaera histrica
Zygosphaera hellenica
Caneosphaera molischii
Calyptrosphaera oblonga
Ceratolithus cristatus
Syracosphaera nodosa
Poricalyptra isseliiZygosphaera marsilii
Helladosphaera cornifera/
Corisphaera type B
Coronosphaera binodata
Neosphaera coccolithomorpha
Discosphaera tubifera
Calyptrosphaera sphaeroidea
Alisphaera unicornis
Calciopappus caudatus

Ul

.....
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ID<00...0CD
CD~'VISTATIONSREFERENCES

coo:tNOCXlCOo:tNOCXlCONCXlo:tN
mmmmrororororo,.._,....,....cococo

ID--------------* * * * * * * * * * * * * * * Hallegraeff 1984, figs.S-12* * * * * * * * * * * * * * ** * * * * * * * * * * * ** * * * * ** * * * ** * * * * ** * ** ** * * * * ** ** ** * *** * * ** ** * ** * * ** *** * *** *** * ** ** * * * ** * * * ** * * * ** * * * ** *** * * ** * * ** ** * ******** * ** ********* ** * ***** **** * ** * ** ** ** * ** * ** * *****

Hallegraeff 1984, fig.30
Hallegraeff 1984, fig.33
Gaarder & Heimdal 1977, pl.1
Gaarder & Heimdal 1977, pl.6.
Borsetti & Cati 1972, pl.41, fig.1
Manton & Oates 1985, pl.4
Okada & Mclntyre 1977, pl.5, fig.6
H & G 1980, pl.1, fig.6/Borsetti and Cati
1972, pl.49, fig.2b; Kleijne, in prep.
Norris 1985, figs.42,51-52
Okada & Mclntyre 1977, pl.3, fig.5
Norris 1985, fig.56
Mclntyre & B~ 1967, pl.9, fig.A
Okada & Mclntyre 1977, pl.7, figs.5-6
Gaarder & Heimdal 1977, pl.2
Norris 1985, fig.57
Heimdal & Gaarder 1981, pl.3Reid 1980, pl.6, figs.9-10
Borsetti & Cati 1976, pl.17, figs. 5-8
Heimdal &Gaarder 1981, pl.10, fig.51
B & C 1976, pl.16,figs.1-3;Kleijne, in prep.
Heimdal & Gaarder 1980, pl.3, figs.22-23
Norris 1985, fig.46/Gaarder 1962, pl.10;
Kleijne, in prep.
Gaarder & Heimdal 1977, pl.5, figs.27-32
Okada & Mclntyre 1977, pl.6, figs.1-2
Hallegraeff 1984, figs.34-36
Borsetti & Cati 1976, pl.12, figs.6-7
Hallegraeff 1984, fig.41
Manton & Oates 1985, pls.7-8

..J:>.
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Table 1 continued.

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SPECIES:I>
ID:E
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ID

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STATIONSREFERENCES<O<:tNOCO<O<:tNOCO<ONCO<:tN
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I
IIII
III

Gephyrocapsa ericsonii/
G. ornata/G. protohuxleyi
Umbellosphaera irregularis
Syracolithus catilliferus
Periphyllophora mirabilis
Umbellosphaera corolla
Dactylethra pirus
Anthosphaera fragaria
Calyptrolithophora papillifera
Crystallolithus rigidus
Syracosphaera pirus
Syracosphaera type E
Umbilicosphaera sibogae foliosa
Calyptrosphaera dentata
Calicasphaera blokiiAnthosphaera periperforata
Acanthoica acanthifera
Helladosphaera pienaarii
Calyptrolithina wettsteinii
Homozygosphaera triarcha
Corisphaera strigilis
Syracolithus type B
Syracosphaera cf. nana
Syracosphaera confusa
Calyptrolithophora hasleana
Ophiaster spec.
Alisphaera capulata
Gliscolithus amitakarenae
Homozygosphaera arethusae
Syracolithus bistratus
Calicasphaera diconstricta--------------Mclntyre & Be 1967, pl.10/Heimdal 1973,* * * * **** * * ** ** ** ******** *** * **** ** ************** *** ** *** * *** ***figs.1-5/H & G 1981, pl.4, figs.20-21
Reid 1980, pl.4, figs.4-5.
Borsetti & Cati 1972, pl .40, fig.2b
Borsetti & Cati 1972, pl.51, fig.1
Heimdal & Gaarder 1981, pl.11, figs. 52-57
Norris 1985, figs.38-39
Gaarder 1962, pl.11
Heimdal & Gaarder 1980, pl.1, figs.2-3
Heimdal & Gaarder 1980, pl.2, figs.11-12
Gaarder & Heimdal 1977, pl.3
Heimdal & Gaarder 1981, pl.13, fig.64
Okada & Mclntyre 1977, pl.4, fig.1
0 & M 1977, pl.ll, fig.6; Kleijne, in prep.
Kleijne, in prep.
Kleijne, in prep.
Reid 1980, pl.3, figs.8-9
Norris 1985, figs.47
Halldal & Markali 1955, pl.5
Borsetti & Cati 1972, pl .50, fig.2
Heimdal & Gaarder 1980, pl.1, fig.8
Norris 1985, fig.29; Kleijne, in prep.
Heimdal & Gaarder 1981, pl.8, fig.42
Kleijne, in prep.
Heimdal & Gaarder 1980, pl.1, fig.1
Manton & Dates 1983, pls.1-6
Heimdal & Gaarder 1981, pl.1, fig.4
Norris 1985, figs.40,42
Borsetti & Cati 1972, pl.48, fig.3
Kleijne, in prep.
Kleijne, in prep.