文法：形容詞：倍数
文法：形容詞：倍数：演習

DIRECTION：以下の和文を例文（!）と注（☞）を参考にして英訳しなさい。なお、和文はいずれも表題にある文法事項の基本をマスターしてさえいれば容易に英語へと直訳できるように書かれています（文の各成分が英語のＳＶＯＣに直接対応するように書かれているため、日本語としては一部響きが不自然なものもあります）。

! 例文
Tom is three times as rich as Ken.

トムはケンの３倍金持ちだ。

Tom is about twice as rich as Mary.

トムはメアリの約２倍金持ちだ。

Tom is only half as rich as Bob.

トムはボブのたった半分程の金持ちだ。

｜

Tom has three times as much money as Ken.

Tom has twice as many cars as Ken.

(1)

｜

ほど

トムはケンの３倍の量の金を持っている。
☞名詞をas 〜 asの間に挟むパターン。

トムはケンの２倍の台数の車を持っている。
☞名詞をas 〜 asの間に挟むパターン。

①メアリ（Mary）は彼女の妹の２倍の年齢（≒古さ）だ。②メアリは彼女の母親の半分の年齢だ。③メアリは彼女の祖母の３分の１の年齢だ。④メアリは彼女の叔母の３分の２の年齢だ。⑤メアリは彼女の妹の1.3倍の身長（≒背の高さ）だ。
☞古い=old；（背が）高い=tall。

Mary is twice as old as her sister.
①＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿
Mary is half as old as her mother.
②＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿
Mary is one third as old as her grandma.
③＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿
Mary is two thirds as old as her aunt.
④＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿
Mary is 1.3 times as tall as her sister.
⑤＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿(2)

この川は、あの川の、３倍長い。
☞長い=long。

｜This river is three times as long as that river (/that one).
＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿(3)

この山は、あの山の、２倍高い。
☞高い=high；２倍=twice（timesは未使用）。

Thismountain is twice as high as that mountain (/that one).
＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿(4)

この橋は、あの橋の、半分の長さだ。
ブ リ ッ ジ☞橋=bridge；長い=long；半分=half。

Thisbridge is half as long as that bridge (/that one).
＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿

文法：形容詞：倍数：演習 4(5)炭素の原子は、水素の原子の、12倍重い。
☞炭素の原子=an atom of carbon；水素の原子=an atom of hydrogen。

Anatom of carbon is 12 times as heavy as an atom of hydrogen.
＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿(6)

その自転車に乗っている人は、そのジョギングしている人より、４倍速く行く。
☞自転車に乗る人=biker；ジョギングする人=jogger；行く=go。

The biker goes four times as fast as the jogger.
＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿
(7)

ふっとう

それは、沸騰水より、17倍熱い。
☞沸騰水=boiling water；熱い=hot。

It
is seventeen times as hot as boiling water.
＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿(8)

トムは、ケンの３倍の（数の）車を、所有する。
☞所有する=have。

Tomhas three times as many cars as Ken.
＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿(9)

トムは、ケンの私の半分しかお金を持っていない。
☞〜しか=only（動詞の前で使用）。

Tom
only has half as much (money) as Ken (has).
＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿(10) メアリ（Mary）には、ジェイン（Jane）の、３倍の（多さの）友達がいる。
☞友達がいる=have friends。

Mary has three times as many friends as Jane.
＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿(11) 我々は、牛の約２倍の数の人を、持つ。
☞牛=cattle（集合名詞）；人=people（集合名詞）。

We
have about twice (/two times) as many people as cattle.
＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿
かいきょう(12) その海峡は、すでに、スエズ運河の３倍混雑している。
ストレイト

カネェアル

☞混雑している=busy；すでに=already（be動詞の後で使用）；海峡=strait；スエズ運河=the Suez Canal。

Thestrait is already three times as busy as the Suez Canal.
＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿(13) 私の犬は、君の犬の、３倍の重さだ。
☞NT2-12。重い=heavy。

My
dog is three times as heavy as your dog.
＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿(14) 名古屋は、静岡の約２倍、東京から遠い（≒離れている）。
☞NT2-12。約=about；２倍=twice；〜から遠い、離れている=far from 〜。

Nagoya is about twice as far from Tokyo as Shizuoka.
＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿

文法：形容詞：倍数：演習 5(15) この鳥は、（一匹の）ワシの、半分の大きさだ。
☞NT2-12。大きい=large；ワシ=eagle。

Thisbird is half as large as an eagle.
＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿(16) 私は、私の兄の、３倍の多さのＤＶＤを持っている。
☞NT2-12。

I have three times as many DVDs as my brother (does).
＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿(17) 私の兄の部屋は、私のものの、２倍の大きさだ。
☞NT2-12。２倍=twice。

Mybrother's room is twice as large as mine.
＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿(18) この建物は、あのやつの、４倍の高さだ。
☞NT2-12。高い=high；やつ=one。

This
building is four times as high as that one.
＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿(19) ジョン（John）は、ブラウン氏（Mr. Brown）の、半分の年齢（≒古さ）だ。
☞NT2-12。

Johnis half as old as Mr. Brown.
＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿(20) 私は、その相撲取りの、３分の１の重さだ。
☞NT2-12。相撲取り=sumo wrestler；重い=heavy。

I am one third as heavy as the sumo wrestler.
＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿(21) 私は、ジム（Jim）の２倍の多さの本を、持っている。
☞NT2-12。２倍=twice。

I＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿
have twice as many books as Jim.
(22) それは、私たちの家の、３０倍以上の大きさだ。
☞NT2-12。<数>以上=more than <数>；大きい=large。

It
is more than thirty times as large as our house.
＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿(23) 私たちは、普段の２倍の（多さの）観光を明日、できる。
☞NT2-12。普段（の）、いつも（の）=usual；観光=sightseeing（不可算）；多い=much。

We
can do twice as much sightseeing tomorrow as usual.
＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿(24) ①君は、サッカーと野球、どちらがより好きですか？ ②私は野球の１０倍サッカーが好きだ。
☞PG3-6。〜がより好きだ=like 〜 more (/better)；〜がとても好きだ=like 〜much。

Which do you like more, soccer or baseball?
①＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿
I like soccer ten times as much as baseball.
②＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿

文法：形容詞：倍数：演習 6(25) ①夏休みと冬休み、どっちがより長い？

①夏休みは冬休みの３倍長い。

☞PG3-6。①はwhichを主語にして書き出し。夏休み=summer vacation。

Which is longer, summer vacation or spring vacation?
①＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿
Summer vacation is three time as long as spring vacation.
②＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿(26) ①飛行機で行くのと電車でとで、どちらがよりお金がかかりますか？
くことの２倍かかる（主語には動名詞を使用）。

②飛行機で行くことは電車で行☞PG3-6。①はwhichを主語にして書き出し、②は動名詞（〜ing）が主語。多くの金がかかる=cost
で行く=go by plane。

much（moneyは未使用）；２倍=twice；飛行機

Which costs more, going by plane or by train.
①＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿
Going by plane costs twice as much as going by train.
②＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿(27) ①ここへバスで来るのと自転車でとで、どちらが（時間が）より長くかかりますか？ ②自転車でここへ来ることは、バスへ来ることの半分だけしか、かかりません（主語には動名詞を使用）。
☞PG3-6。①はwhichを主語にして書き出し、②は動名詞（〜ing）が主語。半分=half；<時間>がかかる=take <時間>；長くかかる=take long；〜だけしか=only（halfの前で使用）；ここへ来る=come here。

Which takes longer, coming here by bus or by bike.
①＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿
Coming here by bike takes only half as long as coming by bus.
②＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿(28) メアリはトムの２倍の数の本を持っている。
☞PG3-6。２倍=t□□□□を使用（two timesは未使用）、as 〜 asに名詞を挟む。

Mary has twice as many books as Tom (does).
＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿(29) フィルは（Phil）、ジャック（Jack）の半分の高さしか、ジャンプできない。
☞PG3-6。〜しか=only；ジャンプする=jump。

Phil
can jump only half as high as Jack.
＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿(30) 人間の約７倍の頭数の（≒多さの）ヒツジがいる。
☞PG3-6。存在構文（There are 〜）。約〜=a□□□□ 〜；ヒツジ=sheep（単複同形）；多い=many。

There
are about seven times as many sheep as people.
＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿

文法：形容詞：倍数：演習 7

解 答
(1)

(2)
(3)
(4)
(5)
(6)
(7)
(8)
(9)
(10)
(11)
(12)
(13)
(14)
(15)
(16)
(17)
(18)
(19)
(20)
(21)
(22)
(23)
(24)
(25)
(26)
(27)
(28)
(29)
(30)

①Mary is twice as old as her sister.
②Mary is half as old as her mother.
③Mary is one third as old as her grandma.
④Mary is two thirds as old as her aunt.
⑤Mary is 1.3 times as tall as her sister.
This river is three times as long as that river (/that one).
This mountain is twice as high as that mountain (/that one).
This bridge is half as long as that bridge (/that one).
An atom of carbon is 12 times as heavy as an atom of hydrogen.
The biker goes four times as fast as the jogger.
It is seventeen times as hot as boiling water.
Tom has (/owns) three times as many cars as Ken.
Tom only has half as much (money) as Ken (has).
Mary has three times as many friends as Jane.
We have about twice (/two times) as many people as cattle.
The strait is already three times as busy as the Suez Canal.
My dog is three times as heavy as your dog.
Nagoya is about twice as far from Tokyo as Shizuoka.
This bird is half as large as an eagle.
I have three times as many DVDs as my brother (does).
My brother's room is twice as large as mine.
This building is four times as high as that one.
John is half as old as Mr. Brown.
I am one third as heavy as the sumo wrestler.
I have twice as many books as Jim.
It is more than thirty times as large as our house.
We can do twice as much sightseeing tomorrow as usual.
① Which do you like more, soccer or baseball?
②I like soccer ten times as much as baseball.
①Which is longer, summer vacation or spring vacation?
②Summer vacation is three time as long as spring vacation.
①Which costs more, going by plane or by train.
②Going by plane costs twice as much as going by train.
①Which takes longer, coming here by bus or by bike.
②Coming here by bike takes only half as long as coming by bus.
Mary has twice as many books as Tom (does).
Phil can jump only half as high as Jack.
There are about seven times as many sheep as people.