Hkh"e lkguh dk dgkuh lalkj& MkW- eatqyk eksgu
15 vxLr 1947] ;g og fnu Fkk ftldh izrh{kk izR;sd Hkkjroklh yacs
le; ls dj jgk FkkA ;gh og fnu Fkk tc fczfV'k 'kklu dk dHkh u vLrgksus okyk lw;Z Hkkjr esa vLr gks x;k FkkA Lok/hurk izkfIr osQ bl la?k"kZ esa
vusd yksx 'kghn gq,] vusd yksxksa us tsyksa dh ;kruk,¡ lgh] u tkus drus
yksxksa us viuh ukSdfj;k¡ vkSj ?kj&ckj NksM+s vkSj Lora=krk vkanksyu esa owQn iM+sA
fczfV'k 'kklu dh vlaosnu'khy uhfr;ksa vkSj joS;s osQ dkj.k fdlku ladV esa
Fks] m|ksx&/a/s pkSiV gks x;s Fks] O;kikj dh fLFkfr n;uh; gks x;h FkhA ftl
Hkkjrh; lH;rk vkSj laLÑfr dh fo'oHkj esa /we Fkh] tgk¡ nwj&nwj ls f'k{kkFkhZvè;;u osQ fy, vkrs Fks] mls os gs; n`f"V ls ns[krs FksA gekjh Hkk"kk,¡ mUgsa
dBksj vkSj doZQ'k izrhr gksrh FkhaA ifj.kker% mUgksaus ,slh f'k{kk uhfr cukbZ
ftlls lk{kjrk rks c<+h ijarq ,slk oxZ rS;kj djus esa mUgsa liQyrk feyh tks'kDy&lwjr ls Hkys gh Hkkjrh; yxs ij fny&fnekx ls iwjh rjg vaxzst gksA
'kklu pykus osQ fy, mUgsa ,sls gh yksxksa dh vko';drk Hkh FkhA ,slsvlaosnu'khy fons'kh 'kklu ls eqfDr ikus dk mRlo euk;k tkuk LokHkkfod gh
Fkk fdarq eqfDr dk ;g ioZ vius lkFk ihM+k Hkh ysdj vk;k Fkk &Hkkjr&foHkktu dh ihM+kA vHkh rd Hkkjr ,d jk"Vª Fkk] vc og nks Hkkxksas esasc¡V x;k & Hkkjr vkSj ikfdLrkuA ;g foHkktu /eZ osQ vk/kj ij gqvk Fkk]
ijarq blosQ cht vrhr vkSj rRdkyhu jktuhfr esa FksA egewn x”kuoh]
ukfnj'kkg] paxst [kk¡ tSls vkozQkarkvksa us vusd ckj Hkkjr esa dRysvke fd;kvkSj ywVikV dh] vusd eqfLye 'kkldksa us nh?kZ dky rd ;gk¡ 'kklu fd;kA
bu lc ifjfLFkfr;ksa osQ eè; fganw&eqlyekuksa osQ chp jksVh&csVh dk laca/ Hkys
gh u jgk gks fdarq ,d&nwljs osQ lkFk jgus dks mUgksaus viuh fu;fr eku fy;kFkkA vaxzst 'kkldksa us bfrgkl osQ i`"Bksa esa nch fpaxkjh dks gok nh ftldk

1

ifj.kker Hkkjr osQ foHkktu osQ :i esa fn[kkbZ nsrk gSA jkrksa&jkr yksxksa osQ eqYd
cny x;sA os vius ?kj&}kj NksM+ vifjfpr LFkkuksa ij tkus osQ fy, foo'kgq,A fgalk osQ bl rkaMo esa u tkus fdrus viuksa ls fcNqM+s] u tkus fdrus
gfFk;kjksa dh /kj vkSj vkx dh yiVksa dh HksaV p<+sA
Hkh"e lkguh us bl mFky&iqFky Hkjs ik¡pos n'kd esa gh dgkuh ys[kuvkjaHk fd;k FkkA Hkkjr esa ?kV jgh bu lHkh ?kVukvksa osQ os izR;{kn'khZ FksArRdkyhu vU; dFkkdkjksa dh Hkk¡fr&Hkh"e th dh jpukvksa esa Hkh bu
xfrfof/;ksa dh vkgV lqukbZ nrh gSA Hkh"e th dh mu dgkfu;ksa dh ppkZ
lcls vf/d gksrh gS tks foHkktu dh i`"BHkwfe ij fy[kh x;h gSa vkSj
lkaiznkf;drk&fojks/h gSaA ^ve`rlj vk x;k gS*] ^fufeÙk*] ^”kgwj c[+'k*] ^ikyh*]^ohjks* vkfn ,slh gh dgkfu;k¡ gSaA bu dgkfu;ksa esa lkaiznkf;drk osQ ,sls mUekn
dks js[kkafdr fd;k x;k gS tks ftls viuh fxjÝ+r esa ysrk gS] mldk foosdu"V gks tkrk gS] ekuork vkSj ewY; fujFkZd gks tkrs gSaA ,sls yksx Lo;a dks/eZ dk BsosQnkj ekuus yxrs gSaA jktuhfr vkSj O;fDrxr LokFkZ bl izo`fÙk dks
vkSj mdlkrs gSaA ,sls esas lkeus okys O;fDr dk futh O;fDrRo csekuh gks tkrkgs] og ;k rks ^dkfi+Qj* gS ;k ^eqlYyk*A ^ve`rlj vk x;k gS* esa jsyxkM+h dh,d ;k=kk dk n`"VkUr gSA fganw&eqfLye lg;kf=k;ksa dk lgt&;k=kk dj jgs
vukSipkfjd O;ogkj naxs dh [kcj ls cny tkrk gSA eqfLye cgqy {ks=k esa
eqfLye vkozQked gks tkrs gSa vkSj fganw lges gq, gSaA naxs osQ dkj.k Mjs gq,
fganw ;k=kh dks cykr~ fMCcs ls mrkj fn;k tkrk gS vkSj dksbZ fojks/ ugha djrkA
fdarq fganw cgqy {ks=k esa izos'k djrs gh myV fganw ;k=kh vkozQked gks mBrs gSa]
fganw ;k=kh dks mrkjus dk izfr'kks/ eqfLye ;k=kh dks tku ls ekjdj fy;k tkrk
gS vkSj vc eqfLye ;k=kh Mjs&lges gSaA blh izdkj ^fufeÙk* dgkuh esa fganw
naxkbZ bekeqíhu osQ ihNs iM+s gSa] fdlh ^eqlYys* dks cp dj oSQls tkus nsaA^”kgwj c[+'k* esa ”kgwj c[+'k uke dk ,d fganh izseh vkSj mldk ifjokj
minzfo;ksa dk f'kdkj cu tkrk gSA ^jkepfjr ekul* dh izfr fganw /eZ osQ
2

BsosQnkjksa osQ iSjksa rys oqQpyh tkrh gS] ”kgwj c[+'k muosQ lkeus fxM+fxM+krk jgrk
gSA mldh tku rks cp tkrh gS fdarq og ikxy gks tkrk gS vkSj blh ikxyiu
esa og ej tkrk gSA
lkaiznkf;d fgalk ls tqM+h ;s dgkfu;k¡ fdlh /eZ fo'ks"k osQ i{k ;kfoi{k esa ugha gSA ;s dgkfu;k¡ ml mUekn osQ fojks/ esa gSa tks euq"; dheuq";rk dks ekj mls fgaÏ i'kq cuk nsrh gSA Hkys vkSj cqjs yksx nksuksa vksj gSaA
^fufeÙk* dgkuh esa bekeqíhu ij geys dh fi+Qjkd esa fudys fganw minzoh gSa rks
mldh j{kk djus okyk Hkh fganw Mªkboj 'ksjflag gSA ^ikyh* esa vius ekrk&firk
ls fcNqM+s cPps dks ikfdLrku dk ,d eqfLye naifÙk ikyrk gS vkSj oqQN le;
ckn lekt&lsoh laxBu vkSj nksuksa ns'kksa dh iqfyl osQ iz;Ruksa ls mls mlosQ
ekrk&firk dks lkSai fn;k tkrk gSA cPps dh Hkkoukvksa dh fpark u ekSyoh dks
gS u iafMr dksA oLrqr% bu vjktd ifjfLFkfr;ksa vkSj ekufldrk dk fp=k.k
djrs gq, Hkh dFkkdkj dh vkLFkk mu ln~izo`fÙk;ksa osQ izfr gS tks fdlh
/eZ&laiznk; fo'ks"k dh cikSrh ugha gSa Bhd oSls gh tSls jk{klh o`fÙk;ksa dks
fdlh /eZ ;k laiznk; fo'ks"k ls ugha tksM+k tk ldrkA blhfy, ys[kd dhlgkuqHkwfr ikyh osQ okLrfod vkSj ikyd & nksuksa ekrk&firk osQ izfr ^lyek
vkik* esa tc dFkkokpd osQ vutkus djkph 'kgj esa lyek vkik osQ
vifjfpr HkkbZ osQ ?kj igq¡pus ij muosQ gkfnZd Lusg vkSj viuRo osQ O;ogkj
ls vfHkHkwr gks tkrk gSA ikBd var rd ugha le> ikrs fd og O;fDr okLro
esa lyek vkik dk HkkbZ gS Hkh ;k ughaA blh izdkj ^ohjks* esa tUe ls ^fl[k.kh*ohjks cpiu esa lkaiznkf;d minzoksa esa vius ifjokj ls fcNqM+us osQ ckn fdlh
eqfLye ifjokj esa lyhek uke ls ikyk x;k FkkA ikfjokfjd lq[k&'kkafr osQ chp
uxj&dhrZu osQ fy, Hkkjr ls vk;s ljnkjksa dh Vksfy;ksa dks ns[kdj vius
ifjokj dh ;kn vkSj mlls feyus dh bPNk vkSj NViVkgV dks Hkk¡i dj
mldk iq=k mlosQ HkkbZ dks [kkstus dk iz;kl djrk gS vkSj 'kk;n liQy Hkh
gksrk gSA ^>qViqVs* 1984 esa gq, fganw&fl[k naxksa dks vk/kj cuk dj fy[kh x;h3dgkuh gSA bl dgkuh esa pqu&pqi dj fl[kksa dh gR;k djus osQ n`';ksa dk
vadu gS] lkFk gh euq"; dh ml LokFkhZ eukso`fÙk osQ Hkh fp=k gSa tks bl
vjktdrk dh vkM+ esa ywVikV dj [kq'k gks jgs gSaA ,sls esa ,d ldkjkRed?kVuk ?kVrh gS & izk.kksa dh fpark fd;s fcuk fgald eukso`fÙk dks /rk crkrs gq,,d fl[k Mªkboj nw/ dh xkM+h ysdj izdV gksrs gSa D;ksafd cPpksa dks nw/ rks
feyuk gh pkfg,AHkh"e lkguh dh bu dgkfu;ksa dks i<+rs gq, vKs; dh ^'kj.kkxr*] eksgu
jkosQ'k dh ^eycs dk ekfyd* vkSj Ñ".kk lkscrh dh ^flDdk cny x;k gS*
vkfn dgkfu;k¡ cjcl gh ;kn gks vkrh gSa ftuesa O;fDr dh igpku mldk
/eZ gh cu tkrk gS vkSj mlh osQ vuqlkj og ;k rks f'kdkj curk gS ;kf'kdkjhA bu fLFkfr;ksa osQ ewy esa jktuhfr gh gksrh gSA
Hkh"e th dh ,d cgqpfpZr dgkuh gS ^okÄ~pw*A jk"Vªh;&varjkZ"Vªh;jktuhfr fdl izdkj ,d vke vkneh dks izHkkfor djrh gS ;g dgkuh bls
cgqr izHkko'kkyh <ax ls O;k[;kf;r djrh gSA ^fganh&phuh HkkbZ&HkkbZ* osQ le;esa ,d phuh ukxfjd&okÄpw lkjukFk esa ckS¼ jpukvksa osQ vè;;u&gsrq vk;kFkkA Hkkjr esa ?kV jgh jktuSfrd&lkekftd ?kVukvksa ls mldk dksbZ ljksdkj ghugha FkkA u mlls fdlh dks dksbZ f'kdk;r Fkh u mls fdlh lsA fdarq rHkh
Hkkjr&phu osQ laca/ksa esa [kVkl vk x;hA vius ns'k tkus ij mls lansg dhn`f"V ls ns[kk x;k vkSj Hkkjr okfil vkus ij mls phuh tklwl le> fy;kx;kA O;fDr ogh Fkk ijarq jktuSfrd laca/ksa osQ ifjorZu ls mls oSQlh ;kruk,¡>syuh iM+ha mUgha dh dgkuh gS ^okÄpw*A
Lokra=;ksÙkj dky esa dFkkdkjksa us eè;oxZ dh fofHkUu eukso`fÙk;ksa dks
viuh jpukvksa dk fo"k; cuk;kA Lora=krk osQ i'pkr~ Hkkjh m|ksxksa osQ fodkl
vkSj lM+dksa] iqyksa] ck¡/ksa] fctyh ?kjksa dh o`f¼ osQ lkFk ukSdjh is'kk] eè;oxZ
esa Hkh o`f¼ gksuk LokHkkfod FkkA Lokra=;ksÙkj vf/dka'k dFkkdkjksa tSls eksgu

4jkosQ'k] deys'oj] jktsanz ;kno] eUuw HkaMkjh] vejdkar] ;'kiky vkfn dh
dgkfu;ksa esa eè;oxhZ; thou dh leL;kvksa vkSj ekufldrk osQ n'kZu gksrs gSaA
Hkh"e th dh jpukvksa esa Hkh eè;oxhZ; ekufldrk dh fofHkUu Nfo;k¡ fn[kkbZ
nsrh gSaA Lora=krk osQ i'pkr~ ^/u] in vkSj izfr"Bk* ,d ek=k thou&ewY; cu
x;k] mi;ksfxrkoknh n`f"Vdks.k gkoh gksrk x;k] vkReosQfUnzrrk c<+rh x;hA
iQyLo:i la;qDr ifjokj fcj[krs x;s] iqjkuh ih<+h osQ izfr voKk dk Hkko ?kj
djus yxkA ^phi+Q dh nkor* ,sls gh O;fDr 'kkeukFk dh dgkuh gSA mlosQfy, ek¡ iQkyrw lkeku dh Hkk¡fr gSa ysfdu vpkud ek¡ dh cukbZ iqQydkjh
ckWl dks ilan vk tkrh gS vkSj lglk ek¡ csVs osQ fy, mi;ksxh gks tkrh gSA ;ksa
igys izsepan Hkh cqtqxks± dh n;uh; fLFkfr ij ^cw<+h dkdh* fy[k pqosQ Fks fdarq^cw<+h dkdh* esa dkdh osQ Hkrhts vkSj cgw dks viuh Hkwy dk Kku gksrk gS
vkSj dkdh iqu% [kks;k lEeku okfil ikrh gSaA fdarq ^phi+Q dh nkor* esa ek¡
dh mi;ksfxrk blfy, c<+rh gS fd mldh iqQydkjh osQ ekxZ ls iq=k dks
inksUufr dk y{; izkIr gksus dh laHkkouk gSA m"kk fiz;aonk dh ^okilh* esa Hkh
ukSdjh ls fjVk;j gksdj vk;s xtk/j ckcw dks vius ifjokj dh mis{kk osQ
dkj.k fiQj ls fdlh u;h ukSdjh ij ?kj NksM+ dj tkuk iM+rk gSA
Hkkjr esa vaxzsth Hkk"kk] lkfgR; vkSj lH;rk dk opZLo Lora=krk osQ ckn
Hkh de ugha gqvk gSA vkt Hkh mldk u'kk gekjs euks&efLr"d ij bl cqjh
rjg gkoh gS fd mlls vutku yksxksas dks vlH; vkSj x¡okj le>k tkrk gSA
Hkh"e th dh ^vga czãkfLe* ,d ,sls gh O;fDr dh euksn'kk ij vk/kfjr gSA
ijarq ,d ckj vaxzst vi+Qljksa }kjk fd;k x;k vieku mls fgyk nsrk gS vkSj
ml eu%fLFkfr esa ^vga czãkfLe* dk ea=k mls vieku osQ na'k ls mckjrk gSA
gekjs ns'k osQ cgqr ls ;qod eq[;r% vkfFkZd dkj.kksa ls fons'k esa ;kegkuxjksa eas tk clrs gSa vkSj fiQj ogha osQ gksdj jg tkrs gSaA Hkh"e th dh^vks gjke”kkns* ,d ,sls gh ;qod yky lkgc dh dgkuh gS tks ukSdjh osQ
fy, ;wjksi osQ fdlh ns'k esa tk clk gSA mls ogk¡ lc oqQN feyrk gS & vPNh5

ukSdjh] lEeku] izse djus okyh iRuh] I;kjh lh csfV;k¡A ysfdu fiQj Hkh yky
NViVkrs jgrs gSa D;ksafd mUgsa yxrk gS fd mudh igpku dgha [kks x;h gSA
ys[kd us mudh bl NViVkgV dks dbZ ekè;eksas ls O;Dr fd;k gS &Hkkjr&laca/h iqLrdksa osQ laxzg ls] Hkkjr osQ ekufp=kksa ls] oqQjrk&itkek vkSj
tks/iqjh twfr;k¡ igudj lM+dksa ij ?kweus dh bPNk lsA vius ns'k dks ns[kus dh
yyd mUgsa Hkkjr [khap ykrh gS ij vifjp; ;gk¡ Hkh lkFk ugha NksM+rkA og
bl ihM+k osQ lkFk thou O;rhr djus dks foo'k gksrk gS fd ^^gk¡ ,d ckr
dh pkg eu esa vHkh rd ejh ugha gS] bl cq<+kis esa Hkh ugha ejh gS fd lM+d
ij pyrs gq, dHkh vpkud dgha ls vkok”k vk;s ^vks gjke tkns*] vkSj eSa
yid dj ml vkneh dks xys ls yxk yw¡A* vkSj bl izdkj ;g mu vf/dka'k
Hkkjrh;ksa dh euksn'kk dh dgkuh cu tkrh gSA tks viuk ?kj&}kj NksM+ fdlh
nwljs ns'k ;k izkar esa tk cls gSaA
Hkh"e lkguh izxfr'khy ys[kd la?k vkSj mlh dh ukV~; laLFkk ^bIVk* ls
tqM+s Fks tks oafprksa vkSj 'kksf"krkssa dh i{k/j gSA tks yksx Hkh"e th osQ
ljy&rjy&laosnu'khy O;fDrRo ls ifjfpr jgs gSa os mudh bl i{k/jrk dks
Hkyh&Hkk¡fr le> ldrs gSaA mudh vusd dgkfu;k¡ oafprksa osQ izfr
lk/u&laiUu ykskxsa dh ozwQj ekufldrk vkSj ozwQj O;ogkj ij vk/kfjr gSaA
mnkgj.kkFkZ ^fidfud* xkSjh uked ml etnwj L=kh dh dgkuh gS tks ?kjksa esa
pkSdk&crZu dj viuk fuokZg djrh gSA bu ?kjksa ls izkIr :[kk&lw[kk&cklh[kkuk [kkuk vkSj xank ikuh ihuk mudh foo'krk gS fdarq laiUu ?kjksa osQ lnL;ksa
dks ;g mudk fidfud eukus tSlk yxrk gSA blh izdkj ^lkxehV* dgkuh esa
tXxk uked ,d ?kjsyw ukSdj dh foo'krk dk vadu gS tks ru&eu ls vius
ekfyd dh lsok djrk gSA vius ekfyd dk Ñikik=k Hkh gS tks dHkh nl&chl#i;s vfrfjDr nsdj vkSj dHkh mldh iz'kalk dj mls iqpdkjrs jgrs gSa tSls
og vkneh u gks ^tSdh oqQÙkk* gks & ^ij bUgksaus mls ,slk gkFk esa fy;k] bUgha
osQ dneksa esa pDdj dkVrk fiQjrk FkkA* ysfdu tSls tSdh viuh gh xkM+h osQ
6uhps oqQpyk x;k oSls gh tXxk Hkh ekfyd osQ HkkbZ dh djrwrksa osQ dkj.kvkRegR;k djus ij foo'k gks x;kA xjhch js[kk ls uhps thus dks etnwjksa dh
foo'krk ls twM+h ;s dgkfu;k¡ ;'kiky dh ^vkneh dk cPpk* dh ;kn fnykrh
gSaA bl dgkuh dh uSjsVj }kjk ifr dh ^mnkjrk* vkSj ^le>nkjh* dh ckj&ckj
iz'kalk djuk 'kk;n mldh foo'krk vkSj Hkkjrh; lekt esa fL=k;ksa dh nks;entsZ dh fLFkfr osQ Hkh ifjpk;d gSaA ^=kkl* dgkuh esas fnYyh tSls egkuxj esa?k`.kk osQ O;kikj dk fp=k.k gS tks fdlh O;fDr osQ izfr ugha cfYd
lk/u&laiUu oxZ dh lk/ughu oxZ osQ izfr gSA izLrqr dgkuh esa gqbZ nq?kZVuk
blh oxhZ; ?k`.kk dk ifj.kke FkhA eksVjokyk viuh xyrh u eku ml lkbfdy
lokj dks gh nq?kZVuk dk mÙkjnk;h Bgjk jgk FkkA mldh cqf¼ ckj&ckj nq?kZVukosQ f'kdkj dh gSfl;r VVksy jgh Fkh & ^fdrus dk vklkeh gksxkA* m/j og
lkbfdy lokj blh eksVj okys dh mnkjrk ij fugky Fkk fd mls vLirky esa
HkrhZ djk fn;k rks mldh tku cp x;h & ^esjs vPNs dje Fks lkfgc tks
vkidh eksVj ls VDdj gqbZ---A*
fdlh Hkh O;oLFkk dks lqpk# :i ls pykus osQ fy, tgk¡ ,d vksj
uhfr&fu/kZjd ea=kky;ksas dh Hkwfedk gksrh gS ogha mUgsa dk;kZfUor djus okys
vf/dkfj;ksa vkSj deZpkfj;ksa dk Hkh ;ksxnku gksrk gSA le;&le; ij
fopkj&foe'kZ vkSj dk;Z'kkykvksa dk vk;kstu Hkh blesa lgk;d gksrk gSA ^[kw¡Vs*
dgkuh Hkh ,sls gh ,d lsfeukj ij vk/kfjr gS ftldk okLrfod mís';lsfeukj osQ cgkus oqQN le; osQ fy, ekSt&eLrh djuk vkSj oqQN iSlk cpkukgS & ^^ge lc vius&vius [kw¡Vs mM+kdj bl lsfeukj esa Hkkx ysus vk;s FksA
lsfeukj dk vk;kstu fnYyh ls nwj bl uxj esas fd;k x;k Fkk] bl vk'k; ls
fd oqQN iSls Hkh cp tk,¡xs] oqQN lSj Hkh gks tk,xhA** ;g dgkuh dk;kZy;ksa
esa dke djus okys mu vf/dkfj;ksa dh ekufldrk dks Hkh mn~?kkfVr djrk gS
tks gj le; vkSj gj txg ius v/huLFkksa dks nckc esa j[krs gSaA ^[kw¡Vs* esa tSu]
fouk;d vkSj gsMDyoZQ dk ijLij ,slk gh O;ogkj gSA ifj.kker% muosQ chp
7

dHkh dksbZ vkReh; laca/ cu gh ugha ikrkA fdarq ;g fouk;d tSlksa dh
foo'krk gh gS fd viuh ukSdjh cpkus osQ fy, tSu osQ vuqfpr O;ogkj dks
Hkh lgu djuk iM+rk gSA
Hkh"e lkguh dh dgkfu;ksa dh ,d cM+h fo'ks"krk mudh lgt
laizs"k.kh;rk gSA vke cksypky dh ljy&lgt Hkk"kk] fcacksa vkSj izrhdksa dk
fo/ku vkSj fLFkfr;ksa dk lw{e C;kSjksa osQ lkFk vadu bl laizs"k.kh;rk esa lk/dgSaA lkaiznkf;d vfg".kqrk laca/h dgkfu;ksa esa mUgsa ^>qViqVs* osQ izrhd dk
cgqyrk ls iz;ksx fd;k gSA >qViqVs fnu vkSj jkr dk feyu&fcanq gS tc
vLi"Vrk dh lh fLFkfr gksrh gSA dFkkdkj us vfoosd] vfu.kZ; vkSj vfu'p;
dh fLFkfr osQ fy, ;g izrhd pquk gSA ;s dgkfu;k¡ izk;% 'kke osQ >qViqVs ls
vkjaHk gksrh gSa vkSj lqcg osQ mtkys esa vk'kk dh fdj.k osQ lkFk lekIrA^[kw¡Vs* esa iwjh dgkuh esa tSu vkSj fouk;d osQ rukoiw.kZ laca/ksa osQ dkj.k
jLlkd'kh lh pyrh jgrh gSA vk'kk Fkh fd 'kk;n ;g ruko <hyk iM+ tk,
fdarq og iQyhHkwr gksrh ugha izrhr gksrh & ^^yxk tSls dksbZ LoIu Hkax gks jgk
gksA os i{kh tks pkjksa vksj fNVdh ykfyek esa vB[ksfy;k¡ dj jgs Fks] ia[k lesV
dj tkus dgk¡ pys x;s FksA okrkoj.k esa volkn dh /wy mM+us yxh FkhA**
oLrqr% Hkh"e th dh yxHkx lHkh dgkfu;ksa esa bl izdkj osQ izrhdksa dk iz;ksx
fd;k x;k gS tks ifjfLFkfr;ksa] eu%fLFkfr;ksa vkSj ys[kd osQ earO; dks Li"V
djrs gSaA Lokra=;ksÙkj dky dh dgkfu;ksa fo'ks"kr% u;h dgkfu;ksa osQ nkSj esa
izrhdksa vkSj fcacksa dk lgkjk [kwc fy;k x;k gSA mnkgj.kkFkZ vejdkar dh^ftanxh vkSj tksad* esa tksad ml ftthfo"kk dk izrhd gS tks fo"ke ifjfLFkfr;ksa
esa Hkh thus dh bPNk cuk;s j[krh gSA jktsanz ;kno dh ^tgk¡ y{eh oSQn gS* esa
y{eh Hkkjrh; lekt esa fL=k;ksa dh fLFkfr dh ifjpk;d gSA blh izdkj
deys'oj dh dgkuh ^tktZ iape dh ukd* esa tktZ iape dh ewfrZ dh VwVh
ukd dh ejEer osQ cgkus Hkz"Vkpkj dh vfHkO;fDr gqbZ gSA Hkh"e th dh oqQN
dgkfu;ksa esa oqQN 'kCnksa ;k okD;ksa dh iqujko`fÙk dks Hkh VsDuhd dh Hkk¡fr iz;ksx
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fd;k x;k gSA mnkgj.k osQ fy, ^lkx&ehV* uked dgkuh esa ^enZ yksxle>nkj gksrs gSa* vkSj ^eq>ls viuh tku ugha l¡Hkkyh tkrh* okD;ksa dhvusd'k% vko`fÙk dh x;h gSA igys okD; ls lekt esa iq#"kksa osQ opZLo dks
js[kkafdr fd;k x;k gS vkSj nwljs ls dFkkokfpdk dh mnklh vkSj foo'krk dksA
Hkh"e th dh dgkfu;ksa esa mudh lw{e fujh{k.k 'kfDr dk ifjp; feyrk gSA
gj fLFkfr&ifjfLFkfr osQ lw{ere C;kSjksas ij mudk è;ku gS vkSj ;s C;kSjs mudhjpukvksa dh cgqr cM+h 'kfDr gSaA
Hkh"e lkguh dh dgkfu;k¡ la[;k esa cgqr vf/d gSaA bl le; mu lHkh
dh ppkZ vlaHko FkhA ijarq mudh bu oqQN dgkfu;ksa osQ ekè;e ls ;g dgk
tk ldrk gS fd mudh dgkfu;ksa esa Lokra=;ksÙkj dky dh ifjfLFkfr;ksa] izeq[k?kVukvksa vkSj muosQ izHkko rFkk euksn'kkvksa osQ vusd fp=k mosQjs x;s gSaA mudhlgkuqHkwfr vke vkneh fo'ks"kr% oafprksa osQ izfr gSA mudh dgkfu;ksa osQ ekè;els Lokra=;ksÙkj dky dh dgkfu;ksa dh izo`fÙk;ksa dks Hkh le>k tk ldrk gSA

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