Snap Inc.
California Terms of Service Report
July 1 - September 30, 2023

Resubmitted: May 07, 2024

California Terms of Service Report (July 1 - September 30, 2023) (Resubmission)
Snap Inc.
Reason for resubmission
Pursuant to Section 22677 of the California Business & Professions Code, Snap Inc. (“Snap”) hereby submits this Terms of Service Report to the California Attorney General. This is a resubmission of Snap’s first California
Terms of Service Report, covering the period between July 1, 2023, and September 30, 2023 (Q3 2023), intended to clarify two inadvertent omissions. First, this report is updated to reflect that during the relevant
reporting period, Snap had in place policies prohibiting foreign political interference as part of its Community Guidelines. Second, this report is updated to include Child Sexual Exploitation as a separate and distinct
category of violation. This change results in updates to certain data, which are also reflected in this resubmission. Snap’s Q4 2023 Terms of Service Report, which was submitted on April 1, 2024, already reflects thisadditional category of Child Sexual Exploitation.
Our Terms (Cal. Bus. & Prof. Code, §§22677(a)(1) and (4)(E))
We strive to provide a safe, fun environment for creativity and expression on Snapchat. All Snapchat users must abide by our Terms of Service, including our Community Guidelines (together, “Terms”).
Additional context about how we moderate content and enforce our policies is available in our Community Guidelines Explainer Series, which includes a description of our Moderation, Enforcement and Appeals policies
and additional information regarding each category of content prohibited by our Community Guidelines.
We also provide safety-related information and resources in our Safety Center, including guidance on how to report violations of our Terms or other safety concerns on our service.
These documents are annexed to this report in English, and they are available on our website in all Medi-Cal threshold languages in which we offer Snapchat.
Content moderation policies and practices (Cal. Bus. & Prof. Code, §§22677(a)(3)-(4))
Our Terms prohibit the categories of content referenced in Section 22677(a)(3), as follows:
Category of content referenced in Section
22677(a)Corresponding category of content prohibited by ourCommunity Guidelines

Relevant definitions and policies, as provided in our Transparency Report Glossary and Community
Guidelines explainer series

Hate speech or racism

Hate Speech (which falls under Hateful Content, Terrorism,and Violent Extremism)

Content that demeans, or promotes discrimination towards, an individual or group of individuals on thebasis of their race, color, caste, ethnicity, national origin, religion, sexual orientation, gender identity,disability, veteran status, immigration status, socio-economic status, age, weight, or pregnancy status. For
more information, please review our explainer on Hateful Content, Terrorism, and Violent Extremism.

Extremism or radicalization

Terrorism & Violent Extremism (which falls under HatefulContent, Terrorism, and Violent Extremism)

Content that promotes or supports terrorism or other violent, criminal acts committed by individuals and/or
groups to further ideological goals, such as those of a political, religious, social, racial, or environmental
nature. It includes any content that promotes or supports any foreign terrorist organization or violent
extremist hate group, as well as content that advances recruitment for such organizations or violent
extremist activities. For more information, please review our explainer on Hateful Content, Terrorism, andViolent Extremism.

Disinformation or misinformation

False Information (which falls under Harmful False or

Includes false or misleading content that causes harm or is malicious, such as denying the existence ofDeceptive Information)

tragic events, unsubstantiated medical claims, or undermining the integrity of civic processes, ormanipulating content for false or misleading purposes. For more information, please review our explainer
on Harmful False or Deceptive Information.

Harassment

Harassment & Bullying

Refers to any unwanted behavior that could cause an ordinary person to experience emotional distress,
such as verbal abuse, sexual harassment, or unwanted sexual attention. This category also includes thesharing or receipt of non-consensual intimate imagery (NCII). For more information, please review ourexplainer on Harassment & Bullying.

Foreign political interference

False Information (which falls under Harmful False or
Deceptive Information).

For our definition of False Information, please see above.
Impersonation occurs when an account is falsely pretending to be associated with another person orbrand.
For more information, please review our explainer on Harmful False or Deceptive Information.

Controlled substance distribution

Drugs (which falls under Illegal or Regulated Activities)

Refers to distribution and use of illegal drugs (including counterfeit pills), and other illicit activity involving
drugs. For more information, please review our explainer on Illegal or Regulated Activities.

Our Moderation, Enforcement and Appeals Explainer and Severe Harm Explainer provide detailed information on, among other topics:●●●

how we moderate content through both automated tools and human review,
how we respond to user reports of alleged violations of our Community Guidelines, andhow we enforce against individual pieces of content and users that violate our Community Guidelines.

Information on Violations of our Terms (July 1 - September 30, 2023) (Cal. Bus. & Prof. Code, §22677(a)(5))
Below we provide detailed information about violations of our Community Guidelines that were either reported to us or automatically detected by our systems in the period July 1 - September 30, 2023, consistent withSection 22677(a). We first provide global figures, followed by U.S. figures. These figures relate not only to the categories of violating content referenced in Section 22677(a)(3), but more broadly to the violations
referenced in our Community Guidelines.1
Except where otherwise specified, terms used in this section are defined in accordance with our Transparency Glossary.

1

In this report, we have disaggregated the data into: (i) categories of violating content, (ii) how the content or account was flagged (i.e., by a report or by our automated detection tools), and (iii) how the content or
account was enforced (i.e., by human reviewers or by automated tools). We are not able to disaggregate the data per type of content (e.g., posts, comments, messages, user profiles) or per type of media (e.g., text,image, video) at this time, because we were not tracking this data globally or in the United States as of Q3 2023, in a manner that would enable us to extract this data for reporting purposes.

Global figures

Category ofviolation

MannerFlaggedUnique
Total
Content
Content
Accounts
Content or Enforced(2) Enforced by Enforced(3) byAccounts by Human Automated HumanFlagged(1) Reviewers Tools
Reviewers

UniqueAccounts
Enforced by
AutomatedTools

Appeals Against
Account Locks(4)Enforced by
HumanReviewers

Appeals Against Accounts
Account Locks Reinstated
Enforced by
Following Appeal(5)Automated(Initially Locked byTools
Human Reviewers)

Accounts
ReinstatedFollowing Appeal(Initially Lockedby AutomatedTools)

Violative View
Rate (VVR)(6) forContent
Enforced by
Human
Reviewers

VVR forContent
Enforced by
AutomatedTools

Unique Violative
Viewer Rate(7) forContent Enforced by
Human Reviewers

Unique Violative Viewer
Rate for Content
Enforced by Automated
Tools

Human
Report189,98145,028257

39,567183

206

51100.000193%

0.000001%

0.44%

0.002%

Automatic
Detection

1481480132

000000.000000%

0.000000%

0.00%

0.000%

Human
Report41,399

835

24751

21

170100.000005%

0.000000%

0.01%

0.000%

Automatic
Detection

11110110000

00.000000%

0.000000%

0.00%

0.000%

Human
Report216,219

460

10445

930000.000005%

0.000000%

0.01%

0.000%

Automatic
Detection1616016

000

0

0

0.000000%

0.000000%

0.00%

0.000%

Human
Report213,879

8,040

36

8,002

33

769

051

00.000002%

0.000000%

0.01%

0.000%

Automatic
Impersonation Detection

5505

000

0

0

0.000000%

0.000000%

0.00%

0.000%

Human
Report

4,531,005

505,999

20,239414,702

11,285

14,546

943

410

13

0.001143%

0.000044%

1.52%

0.051%

Automatic
Detection

2,523

2,481

42

2,268

1278

3

7

00.000002%

0.000000%

0.00%

0.000%

Human
Report177,028

115,835

5,010

84,7314,118

8,3311,056

231

50.000536%

0.000031%

0.75%

0.062%

Automatic
Detection

636,008

286,538

158,894

242,067

128,763

73,446

20,4201,992

1030.000101%0.000010%

0.23%

0.028%

Human
Report401,227

44,172

5,210

34,555

3,648

747

4

35

00.000678%

0.000035%

1.08%

0.064%

Automatic
Detection

410

323

11292

6

42

0

0

00.000000%

0.000000%

0.00%

0.000%

Human
Report

85,33915,89656

14,637

33

18

1

5

00.000007%

0.000000%

0.01%

0.000%

Automatic
Detection

260

252

0242

020000.000000%

0.000000%

0.00%

0.000%

Human
Report1,254,516

311,954514,111

269,775

312,043

7,287

128

108

10.000858%

0.000106%1.28%

0.218%

Hate Speech

Terrorism &Violent
Extremism

False
Information

Harassment &Bullying

Drugs

Threats &Violence

Self-Harm &Suicide

SpamAutomatic
Detection

50,89015,63635,254

14,084

21,633443

96

700.000004%

0.000029%

0.01%

0.021%

Human
Report48,967

6,129

568

4,831

409

214

456

10.000035%

0.000001%

0.06%

0.002%

Automatic
Detection

123,755

40,106

66,20832,953

51,275612995

25

80.000022%

0.000006%

0.06%

0.016%

Human
Report228,900

68,618

4,582

52,689

2,351

3,989

508

111

4

0.000526%

0.000018%

0.87%

0.029%

AutomaticDetection

9,967

9,925

428,668

21389

25

27

1

0.000010%

0.000000%

0.03%

0.001%

Human
Report2,146,825

794,265

398,293580,110249,11260,534

4,233

747

19

0.004442%

0.001858%

3.08%

1.392%

Automatic
Sexual Content Detection

397,538

150,421

194,379

98,190111,567

11,177

1,392

125

10

0.000061%

0.000011%

0.10%

0.019%

HumanReport389,163

113,4542,547

96,106

1,949

13,677

68

2,059

11

0.000300%

0.000020%

0.45%

0.017%

AutomaticDetection

168,527

78,42760,31254,05844,284

9,124

9,170

745

2,015

0.000002%

0.000000%

0.00%

0.001%

11,314,506 2,614,974

1,466,085

1,920,608

910,767

205,651

39,092

6,703

2,191

0.008932%

0.002172%

5.99%

1.694%

Appeals Against
Accounts
Account Locks(4) Appeals Against Reinstated
Enforced by
Account Locks
Following Appeal(5)Human
Enforced by(Initially Locked byReviewers
Automated Tools Human Reviewers)

Accounts
ReinstatedFollowing Appeal(Initially Lockedby AutomatedTools)

Violative View
Rate (VVR)(6)for Content
Enforced by
HumanReviewers

Weapons

Other
Regulated
Goods

Child Sexual
Exploitation
TotalsU.S. figures

MannerFlagged

Total
Contentor
Accounts
Flagged(1)Human
Report74,256

26,254

184

22,888

127

118

07

00.0004208%

0.0000048%

1.316%

0.015%

Automatic
Detection

86

86

079

000000.0000003%

0.0000000%

0.001%

0.000%

Human
Report10,901197

6190

440000.0000062%

0.0000001%

0.020%0.000%

Automatic
Detection

6606000000.0000000%

0.0000000%

0.000%

0.000%

Human
Report47,4212353223

300000.0000072%

0.0000002%

0.023%

0.001%

False
Information

Automatic
Detection

1010010000000.0000000%

0.0000000%

0.000%

0.000%

Impersonation

Human

54,9482,461

132,442

11241

016

00.0000001%

0.0000000%

0.000%

0.000%

Category ofviolation

Hate Speech

Terrorism &Violent
Extremism

UniqueAccounts
Enforced(3) by
Human
Reviewers

ContentContent(2)Enforced Enforced by
by Human AutomatedReviewers Tools

UniqueAccounts
Enforced by
AutomatedTools

Violative View
Rate (VVR) forContent
Unique Violative
Enforced byViewer Rate(7) for
Automated
Content Enforced byTools
Human Reviewers

Unique Violative
Viewer Rate forContent Enforced by
Automated Tools

ReportAutomatic
Detection

2202000000.0000000%

0.0000000%

0.000%

0.000%

Human
Report1,134,660

166,787

4,658

140,939

3,385

3,987

89

173

90.0017937%

0.0000227%

4.261%

0.051%

Automatic
Detection

1,189

1,186

31,0922281

400.0000043%

0.0000000%0.014%

0.000%

Human
Report76,88854,098

1,922

39,227

1,655

3,439

166

96

00.0014146%

0.0000292%

2.821%

0.111%

Automatic
Detection

369,835

170,066

117,427

142,887

93,73437,681

11,458909

58

0.0002741%

0.0000334%

0.980%

0.141%

Human
Report117,412

16,571

1,432

13,448

1,057

316

022

00.0006518%

0.0000524%

1.691%

0.134%

Automatic
Detection

222

167

10153

526

0

0

00.0000007%

0.0000001%

0.002%

0.000%

Human
Report29,226

8,027

8

7,583

8

6

0

3

00.0000126%0.0000000%

0.040%

0.000%

Automatic
Detection

159

153

0146

000000.0000000%

0.0000000%

0.000%

0.000%

Human
Report

580,657

137,514360,649

124,895

223,162

1,997

19

22

00.0009065%

0.0000995%

2.147%

0.326%

Automatic
Detection

15,974

6,304

9,670

6,126

6,276

122

1

2

0

0.0000037%

0.0000129%

0.016%

0.030%

Human
Report17,212

1,742

80

1,604

72

66

9

3

00.0000382%

0.0000009%

0.142%

0.004%

Automatic
Detection

99,08432,20656,15826,78843,961

449

209

17

4

0.0000886%

0.0000241%

0.345%

0.101%

Human
Report73,261

13,629306

11,770

210

340

20

23

10.0004930%

0.0000038%

1.482%

0.012%

Automatic
Detection

3,539

3,534

53,1733630

1000.0000098%

0.0000000%

0.041%

0.000%

Human
Report584,728

221,552

127,380

163,531

84,97916,924824

233

80.0057545%

0.0025898%

8.864%

4.121%

Automatic
Sexual Content Detection

109,214

39,79044,85927,32829,015

3,926

238

38

50.0001110%

0.0000145%

0.327%

0.042%

Human
Report109,155

25,071245

22,045

181

13,677

68

2,059

11

0.0001473%

0.0000049%

0.290%

0.011%

AutomaticDetection

33,376

12,754

11,707

9,686

8,503

9,124

9,170

745

2,015

0.0000009%

0.0000001%

0.002%

0.000%

3,543,421

940,402736,725

725,906

486,592

205,651

39,092

6,703

2,191

0.0121398%

0.0028934%

16.290%4.772%

Harassment &Bullying

Drugs

Threats &Violence

Self-Harm &SuicideSpam

Weapons

Other
Regulated
Goods

Child Sexual
Exploitation
Totals

(1)

(2)
(3)

(4)
(5)
(6)

(7)

Total number of pieces of content or accounts that were flagged for potential violations of our Community Guidelines, including those reported to us and those detected through our automated tools. To
disaggregate this data into categories of violative content, we’ve used the ultimate enforcement reason where an enforcement action was taken. Where the content or account was flagged but no enforcement
action was taken, we attribute the metrics to the suspected violation category for which the content or account was flagged.
The number of pieces of content (e.g., Snaps, Stories) that were enforced against on Snapchat. “Enforcement” refers to an action taken against a piece of content or an account (e.g., deletion, warning, locking).
The number of unique accounts that were enforced against on Snapchat. For example, if a single account was enforced against multiple times for various reasons (e.g., a user was warned for posting false
information and then later deleted for harassing another user), only one account would be calculated in this metric. As above, “enforcement” refers to an action taken against a piece of content or an account(e.g., deletion, warning, locking).
Users can only submit appeals against an account lock.
We only reinstate accounts that our moderators determine were incorrectly locked.
Violative View Rate is the percentage of Story and Snap views that contained violating content, as a proportion of all Story and Snap views across Snapchat. For example, if our VVR is 0.03%, that means forevery 10,000 Snap and Story views on Snapchat, 3 contained content that violated our policies. This metric allows us to understand what percentage of views on Snapchat come from content that violates ourCommunity Guidelines (that was either reported or proactively enforced on).
Unique Violative Viewer Rate is the percentage of unique viewers that saw violating content, as a proportion of unique users active throughout the reporting period, i.e., Q3 2023. For example, if our Unique
Violative Viewer Rate is 0.03%, that means that, for every 10,000 active users during the relevant period on Snapchat, 3 viewers saw content that violated our policies. This metric allows us to understand whatpercentage of users on Snapchat come across content that violates our Community Guidelines (that was either reported or proactively enforced on).

Additional information
Although not required by Section 22677, we also believe it valuable to provide our median turnaround times (TATs) for responding to reports and appeals. We define TAT as the time between when our Trust & Safety
teams or Automated Tools first receive a report (usually when a report is submitted or detected via automated means) to the last enforcement action timestamp. If multiple rounds of review occur, the final time iscalculated at the last action taken. With that in mind, our Global median TAT for content and account reports is approximately 6 minutes.
For additional information regarding Snap’s approach to Safety, Privacy, and Transparency, visit our Privacy & Safety Hub, and our About Transparency Reporting page.