ENERGYSOLUTIONS
Role of Radioactive Waste
Management in D&D
Colin Austin (Senior Vice President, International Business)
August 25th , 2017

Introduction to EnergySolutions

ENERGYSOLUTIONSAcquisition and Integration of Companies to Support NPP D&D(Bulk Class A LLW disposal/MW, Feb 2005)(D&D planning and Characterization, Sept 2005)(D&D Contractor/Big Rock Point, Feb 2006)(Casks, liquid waste, June 2007)(Resin and exempt waste processing, March 2014)(Rail logistics, containers, fleet management,March 2015)/(Waste processing, large components, D&D
logistics; liquid waste; B/C casks; transport services,disposal, June 2006)(Class B/C disposal) (pending)2

EnergySolutions – Provider of D&DServices

ENERGYSOLUTIONS

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Extensive D&D Experience – U.S.

Fort St. Vrain

Maine Yankee

ENERGYSOLUTIONSConnecticut Yankee

Yankee RoweBig Rock Point

Rancho Seco

Zion (in progress)

La Crosse (in progress)

SONGS (in progress)

Internationally 15 Reactors Decommissioned – 12 are in USA

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Extensive D&D Experience – U.K.

ENERGYSOLUTIONS• Parent Body Organization (PBO)
for the NDA for M&O of 22 Magnox
reactors at 10 Sites• 4 operational (During Contract)• 18 defueling, D&D• June 2007 to August 2014
• Extended generation of Wylfa andOldbury units (critical funding forNDA)• Restructured overall managementfrom site centric approach• Revised site baselines toincorporate D&D innovations• Implemented workforce transition• Implemented Project ManagementRigor
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Representative Prior D&D Projects

ENERGYSOLUTIONSBig Rock Point
MagnoxD&D experience andlessons learned fromDecommissioning projects
Connecticut Yankee
6Big Rock Point - Successes &Lessons Learned

ENERGYSOLUTIONS• 67-MWe BWR, 1998-2005• Extensive planning andmanagement of 6,000 D&D activities• Reactor Vessel internals grouted
and removed as one (1) 300-toncomponent• Deployed on-site and off-site bulk
waste assay systems to clear
concrete debris for landfill disposal
vs. radioactive waste disposal sites
7Connecticut Yankee (Haddam Neck) Successes & Lessons Learned

ENERGYSOLUTIONS• 582-MWe PWR, 1997 -2007• Tents and excavators used to reducetime, risk, and exposure to remove
difficult to access components• Poor characterization/planning– Insufficient plan/cost allocated for soil
remediation– Subgrade not identified in characterization• Abrasive water jet cutting of Reactor
Vessel Internals– Difficulty capturing secondary waste– RVI metals harder than expected.
8Magnox - Successes & Lessons
LearnedENERGYSOLUTIONS• Magnox Optimized Decommissioning Programme(MODP)– Shift focus and funds, accelerate decommissioning– Expected 34-year schedule reduction and $1.6B
cost savings• SMART Inventory software and process– Improved waste forecasting– Reduced assumed ILW inventory• Lead and Learn Program– Applies best practices and lessons learned from onesite to others to achieve cost reduction – don’t learnsame lesson twice• Innovative Intermediate Level Waste (ILW)
containers– “Ministores” – greater shielding/reduced in-container
processing, reduced storage facility construction

9Current D&D Projects
Zion: License Transfer, including NDTENERGYSOLUTIONS

La Crosse: License Transfer,excluding Nuclear
Decommissioning Trust (NDT)SONGS: Decommissioning General
Contractor (Teamed with AECOM)

D&D experience andlessons learned fromprevious corporate andindustry projects
10Zion - Successes & Lessons Learned

ENERGYSOLUTIONS• 2,080 MWe-PWR (2 units), 2010 – 2020
• Decision responsibility with D&D / Waste
Management Company• Integration of waste management activities
into overall D&D planning – WM drives plantsegmentation and demolition• Early issues with mechanical segmentation ofRVI (Water clarity; tooling robustness - Resolved for 1stunit to benefit 2nd unit)• Strong Project Management supported byintegrated Project Controls (cost, schedule andrisk monitoring and accountability program)• Diamond wire cutting for components• Flame cutting for Reactor Vessels

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Zion D&D

ENERGYSOLUTIONS• EnergySolutions acquired the Zion plant on September 1, 2010• 10 CFR 50 Licenses and Nuclear Decommissioning Trust (NDT) fundtransferred from Exelon to ZionSolutions• 10-Year Maximum Completion Schedule• 12-14 years earlier than Exelon’s previous schedule• Physical work & Final Survey Completed in 7.5 years
Exelon’sSchedule

ZionSolutions’
Schedule

D&D Planning Start

2013

2010

D&D Operations Start

~2015

2010

Site Restoration Complete2032

2020 2018• Completing within Budget (70% of original DCE)

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La Crosse - Current Progress andNear-TermENERGYSOLUTIONS• 50-MWe BWR, 1991 (SAFSTOR) – 202018• License transfer to ES, May 2016; D&D accelerated• Site characterization/LTP – Oct. 2014 – June 2016
• Asbestos abatement ongoing• Reactor stack dismantled Q3 2016
• Near-term:– LTP approval by NRC – Q2 2017
– Component removal complete – Q2 2017
– Building demolition start - May 2017
– Building demolition complete - Q4 201713

SONGS - Current Progress

ENERGYSOLUTIONS• 2,254-MWe PWRs (2 units), 2013 – 2025
• December 2016 – Decommissioning
General Contractor (DGC) contract
awarded (AECOM/EnergySolutions)• Demolition of several miscellaneousclean structures completed• Decommissioning program, plans, andprocedures in development• D&D activities constrained until
environmental permits are approved• Client carries significantly more risk thanZion and La Crosse
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U.S. D&D Experience (Slide 1)

ENERGYSOLUTIONS• Transition from operating to decommissioning is critical• Decommissioning is a project, a complex “waste” project– End state conditions and waste disposal drive planning and execution• Funding must be available and predictable• Requirements are significantly reduced after spent fuel is removed• Risk mitigation and baseline simplification increase probability of success– R&D and Innovative technologies increase Project Risks (Cost)• Site / facility characterization represents major risk and opportunity• Experienced and knowledgeable management oversight andengagement is critical15

U.S. D&D Experience (Slide 2)

ENERGYSOLUTIONS• Strong project management, project controls and task planning/tracking
necessary– D&D Project is different to Construction project no manual for experience– Must include ability to manage uncertainty• Regulator / regulations aligned with operations need to be changed for D&D– Graded approach based on risk (Nuclear, Radiological, Industrial)– Don’t confuse regulation with requirements adopted to comply with regulation– Regular communication to develop trust – NRC transition from exceptions• Utility/contractor “Roles and Responsibilities” key– D&D Project Management must be responsible for project decision making• Stakeholder involvement (media/local community/government officials etc)
– Early and often, open honest communication– No surprises– Barnwell SC community experience – funding education
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EnergySolutions Experience in Japan•JNFL (IHI)••••

Fuel Bunker Processing Equipment (Fukushima Daini)
ALPS Water Processing (Fukushima Daiichi)

JAPCO (Japan Atomic Power Company)••

Vitrification Technology
Support (Rokkasho)

TEPCO (Toshiba / MKC)••

ENERGYSOLUTIONS

D&D Collaboration NPP D&D (Tsuruga-1)

NDF (Nuclear Damage-Compensation D&D Facilitation Corp)•Waste Management Guidelines (Fukushima Daiichi)

Equipment, Materials, Services and Technology Transfer
EnergySolutions Approach - Partner with Local Industry

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ENERGYSOLUTIONSWhat do we see?
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D&D is a Waste Management Strategy

ENERGYSOLUTIONSUS PWR

JAPAN PWR

US BWRJAPAN BWRUK Magnox

JAPAN Magnox

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D&D Cost Experience

ENERGYSOLUTIONS$$$or>200%

Yen
70%
Original
DCE

TypicalResultZion
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D&D Focus
SafetyENERGYSOLUTIONS

Compliance

NonNegotiable

Cost

Strategic Priorities
Schedule / Waste Management21Working with Japan Atomic Power
Company (JAPC)ENERGYSOLUTIONS• Collaborative Study• D&D Baseline Development / Planning• Worker Exchange / Mentoring – Zion and Tsuruga-1• Demonstration of International Partnership

Experiences are transferable to Japan
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Key Constraints in Japan

ENERGYSOLUTIONS• Spent Fuel Disposition• D&D Waste Disposal• Funding• Operations/Engineering versus D&D
D&D is not a Technology Issue
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Conclusion

ENERGYSOLUTIONS• US experience is transferable to Japan• Successful D&D drivers:– Safety/Compliance– Effective waste management strategy– Accelerated schedules– End State defined• Repeating lessons learned increases costs• Past experience reduces risk and costs

D&D without experience – what cost?
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