933

REPRINTEDFROM:ORIENTALINSECTS
YOt, I

ilo. IIARGH IIIC

Publishedby
TI{E ASSOCIATIONFOR THE STUDY OF ORIENTAL
INSECTS

c/o DEPARTMENTOF zooLocY, UNIVERSITYOF DELHI
DELHI-7,
INDIA
PublishedJune 4969

Vol.3(l):1-13

ORIENTAL INSECTS

March, 1969

NEWANDLITTLFI-KN0\I/}i
INDI.\NCII,\NITFL,IES(DfPTER,\: TIPULID.\E)II
By CharlesP. Alexander
39 OId TownRoad,Amhcrst,Massachusetts,
U.S.A.
AsstRncr. Five new Indian species of the subfanrily Tipulinae are described,
belonging to the genera Holorusia, Nephrotonta ancl Dolichopcza. These arc: Holorusia
mitra, H. yama, Naphrotoma bcllulu, N. unisit'cttn ancl Dolichopc:a (Ncsopeza) seticristato. In addition the male hypopygia of eight species in thc gcncra Holorusia andNephrototrta that had not bcen figured previously arc shown. A prcoccupied namein Nephrotonn is renamed.

The first part underthis generaltitle appearedin Orientql Insects,l: 197209, December1967. At this time I am continuingthe study of the richcollectionsof theseflies,madcin variouspartsof India by Dr. FernandSchmid,
as discussedin the prccedingpapcr. In additionto dcscribingfir'cnew species,
I am figuringthe malehypopygiaof variousearlier speciesthat had not been
illustratedand am renaminga preoccupiednamein the genusNcphrotonn.
GenusHolorusiaLoew
Holorusia Loew, 1863,Diptera Americaeseptcntrionalis[ndigeno,T:277.
32:1.
Enderlein,1912,Zool. Jahrb.,^S1st.,
Ctenacroscelrs
Ctenacroscells
Edwards,1932,Stylops,I : 145-150.
HolorusiaVane-Wright,1967,J. Nat. Hist.,1 : 5tl-547,46 figs.

The Orientalmembersof this genus had been referred to Ctcnocrosceli.r
until 1967,when they wereremovedto the prior genusHolorusiaLoew by VaneWright. This outstandingpapershould be consultedby all workers on thefamily Tipulidae.
l.

(Alexander) (Fig. 1)
Holorusiajapvoensis
japvocnsrs
Alexander,1953,Ann. Mag. Nat. Hist., (12)6: 742.
Ctenacroscelis

Describedfrom Mount Japvo, Naga Hills, Assam. Malc hypopygium(Fig. l).
2. Holorusiamara (Alexander) (Fig. 2)
Ctenacroscelis
mara Alexander,1953,Ann. fuIag.Nar. Hist., (12)6: 898.

Describedfrom Cherrapunji, Khasi Hills, Assam. Malc hypopygium(Fie 2).

ORIENTAL INSECTS

Vol. 3, No. I

3. Holorusiaflavamelanopus(Alexander) (Fig. 3)
Alexander,1957,Ann. Mag. Nat. Hist., (12) 10: 100.
Ctenacroscelis
flavusrnclanopus

Describedfrom Cherrapunji, Khasi Hills, Assam. Ntale hypopy'gium(Fig. 3).
4. Holorusiamitra, sp. nov. (Fig. a)group ; size large (wing of male to 40 mm);
Belongsto the brobdignagra
mesonotalprescutumdark cinnamon-brown,disk with four relatively narrowdark gray stripesthat are borderedby darkerbrown,pleurayellowwith a narrowdorsalstripe; antennalflagellarsegmentsstrongly produced tobrorvnish-black
restrictedly
appear subserrate;legs brownish-yellow;wingsstronglyinfuscated,
all setae
patternedwith darker; male hypopygiumwith tergitedeeplyemarginate,yellorv,not formingbrushes; innerdististylewith the dilatedapexelongate,stemwith a basal setiferouslobe; penis very stout,darkened; eighthsternitewith
posteriorborderevenlyconvex,without lobes,all setae yellow, very small oll
disk, longertowardmarginbut not formingtufts or brushes.
Il]e andFemale: Frontalprolongationof head dark chestnut brorvn;
black.
distinctbut in somecasessmall; palpi dark brown outersegrnents
l.lasLls
Antennaelight to darkerbroln, terminal segmentblack. intermediateflagellar
segmentsstrongly producedto appear subserrate.[{cad abovedark brown,
front orange,orbits narrou'lypalerbrown.
Pronotumdark brown above,sides yellowed. Mesonotalprescutumwith
ground dark cinnamon-brown,disk with four relativelynarrow dark graystripes that are conspicuouslybordered by darker brown ; sctttltm dark
dark gray areas that
cinpamon-brown,each lobe with two disconnected
are narrowly bordered by darker brown, point of suture conspicuouslydepressed,dark gray ; scutellumbrown; mediotergitebrown, vaguely yellow
thepollinose,posterior declivity and most of pleurotergitebrownish-yellow,
latter yellowedventrally;mesonotalvestiturepalc,abundantbut relativelyshort.
pleura with a narrow very distinct brownish-blackdorsal stripe immediately
beleath the light yellow dorsopleuralregion,below the stripethe pleurachestnutorange,beneathpaling to yellow, ventral sternopleuriteweakly darkened.
Halteresdark brown,baseof sternnarrowly orange. Legs with coxae orangc
yellow; femorabrownish-yellow,
yellow, fore pair darkerbasally; trochanters
tips 1ot darkened:tibiaeand tarsi brownish-yellow,fourth tarsal segmentand
last segmentwith epicondyle; claw of male with basal
apexof third blackened,
tooth an acutespine,outer protuberancevery low and obtuse. Wings strongly
infuscated,with a slightlydarker brownish-yellowcostalpattern, stigmascarcely
differentiated;narrow light brown seamsover basal section of Mr, m'clt andadjoining veins, and more broadly along vein 2nd A in cell Ist A; outerveinsyellowed,the basal ones slightly darker. Venationi M"r-n short, with
tn-ctrfar distad,in casesat near four-fifthsthe length.

t969

ALEXANDER: ON INDIAN TIPULIDAE

Abdomen rvith basal segments reddish-brown, outer segments darker
brown, sternitesand hypopygium more yellowedto fulvous. Male hypopygium(Fig. 4) with the tergite,t, long, posteriorborderwith a uarrow V-shapedemargination,lobesconspicuous;all setaeyellow, the more basalonessmall,progrcssively longer outwardly but not forming brushesor tufts. Basistylewith tip
obtuse,with very long yellow setae. Outer dististyle, d, obtuse at apex, allsetaeyellow; inner style with the dilated outer end very long, nearlyequalto
the base,inner margin near base with a rounded lobe bearing relatively few
scattered black setae, the outer margin of style with abundantyellow setae.
Penisvery large and thick, dark colored. Eighth sternite, 8s, with posteriorborder evenlyconvex,without lobes; all setaeyellow, very small on disk, longer
toward margin.
Length; d, about 25-30ffiffi, wing 35-40mm, antennaabout 4.3-4.4mm ;Q, about 40 mm, wing 40 mm.
Holotype J , Iuuln : Bomdi La, Kameng in NEFA, Assam, 2682 m, 19. vi.
1961,Coll. Schmid. AllotypeQ, Shergaon,Kameng, 1950m, 8.v. 1961. Paratopotypes d d , with type. Paratypes d ,1, with allotype, 8-9.v.1961, all Coll.
Schmid.
Distribution: India : Assam.
Severalother regionalspeciesof Holorusia have the outer margin of theeighth sternite of the male hypopygium evenly convex,as in the presentfly,
including H. bitruncata (Alexander), H. cerbereana(Alexander), H. uessida(Alexander),H. diver (Brunetti),H. flavoides (Brunetti),H. fulvolateralir(Brunetti), H. globo.sa(Alexander), H. impictipleura (Alexander), H. iapvoensis(Alexander),H. Iacunosa(Alexander),H. leptostyla (Alexander),H. flavamelano'pns (Alexander),H nrganr (Alexander), H nigrofemorata(Alexander), H. siva
(Alexander), and H. vishnu (Alexander). The most similar of theseis vishnu,
which has the flagellarsegmentssimilarly produced,but differsin all details of
the male hypopygium, including the tergite, both dististyles,phallosome.
especiallythe penis,and the eighth sternite. The very stout darkened penis of
the presentfly is noteworthy. The ventrallyproducedflagellarsegmentsin thisand someother speciesmight indicatethat thesebelong to the serrilil group of
the genus, but the coloration, especiallyof the thorax, would seemto placesuch speciesin the brobdigntgiagroup.
5.

Holorusianagana(Alexander)(Fig. 5)
naganaAlexander,1953,Ann. Mag. Nat. Hist., (12) 6:741.
Ctenacroscelis

from Mount Japvo,Naga Hills, Assam. Male hypopygiurn
Described(Fie.5).
6. Holorusiayama,sp. nov. (Fig. 6)
Belongsto the brobdignngiagroup ; size large (wing of male 40 mm orslate-gray stripes, pleura orange withfnorg) ; mesoprescutum with four

ORIENTAL INSECTS

Vol. 3, No. t

a narrow dark brou'n longitudinal stripe; tips of femora broadly brownishblack; wingsrelativelyrlarrow,stronglytingedwith light brown; male hypopygium with margins of ter-eallobes with very long yellow setae, apex ofbasistylervith severallong black setae; inner dististylewith a largedarkenedlobe
emargion marginnearbase; eighthsternitewith posteriorborderconspicuously
long yellowsetae.
nate,the broad low lobeswith exceedinglyA[ale.' Frontal prolongationof head slightly longer than the remainder,
dark fulvous-brown,including the stoutnasus; proximalthreepalpalsegments
light broln, terminalsegmentblack. Antennaewith scapeand pedicelyellow,
to black ; proximaltwo
flagellum light brown,terminalsegmentbrownish-black
cylindrical,intermediateoneswith lower faceslightlyproduced,
flagellarsegments
lower verticilsrelativelylong, nearlyequal to the diameter of segment. Headbrown above, sparselygray pruinose on sides, vertical tubercle impressed
medially,lighterbrown,front and sidesof vertexlight yellow.
Pronotumbrown, sideslight yellow, anterior margin narrorvly blackened.
Mesoprescutumwith humeral and lateral borders yellow, disk with four
slate-graystripes,the latcral pair narrowly marginedwith darker, medianeach lobe with a singleslate
vitta similarlydarkened; scutunrreddish-brown,
gray area; scutellum fulvous-brown,more yellowedposteriorly: mediotergite
gray, sides and posterior declivity brownish-yellow; pleurotergiteyellowed,
posterior end of anapleurotergite
slightly darker; pale vestitureof posterior
long and conspicuous.Pleuraorange,more yellowedbelow; a narrowsclerites
dark brown longitudinalstripe,includingthe cervicalregion,sidesof propleura
more extensivelypaler brown on
and extrem:dorsalmarginof anepisternum,
the adjoiningdorsopleuralmembrane. Haltereswith stembrown,basenarrowly
knob slightlypaleryellow. Legswith coxaeand trochantersyellow;
reCdened,
femora obscureyellow, tips ratherbroadlybrownish-black,tibiaeand basitarsi
outer tarsalsegments
darker, their tips narrowly
slightlymore brownish-yellow,
blackened. Wings relatively rlarrow, strongly tinged with light brown,stigma
slightlydarker; a vague darkenedcloud over posterior part of m-cu; veinsbright fulvousbrown in type, slightlydarkerin paratypes.
Abdominal tergitesreddish-brown,the first and outer segmentsslightly
two to sevenbroadly more yellowed; basal
darker, lateral borders of segments
tergitesand outer three sternitesdarker
sternitesyellowed: fifth and succeedingbrownish-gray. Male hypopygium(Fig. 6) with the tergite,/, elongate,posterior
the lobesmuch broader,withend with a deep,narrowU-shapedemargination,
abundantrelativelyshort dark colored setae,Iacking on the median furrow ;sides of tergite about to base of lobeswith very long yellow setae,the longest
the tips of the lobes. Basistylehaving the thickenedinner apicalsurpassing
margin with severallong black setae. Outerdististyle,d, relativelybroad,tip
obtuse,thc lengthnearlythrce tirnesthe breadth, nrarginssmooth, surfaceof
outer part with long dark setitc tltat becomevery small at apex; innerstylewith apical enlargedportion of head nearly one-half the entire style, mesal

t969

ALEXANDER: ON TNDIAN TIPULIDAE

marginnearbase with a large darkenedlobe that is provided with several
coarseblack setae. Phallosome
divergent. Eighthster, p,with gonapophyses
nite, 8s, very large,broadestat neartwo-thirdsthe length from base, posteriorborder with two low very broad lobes separatedby a shallowemargination,
lobeswith abundantvery long yellorvsetaethat aredirectedcaudad,those nearbase more toward the median region; setaerestrictedto lobesand extreme
outer part of tergalplate.
Length: d, about 30-35ffiffi, wing 40-/'4ffiffi, antenna about 5-5.3mm ;Q, about 42 mm, wing 43 mm.
Holotyped, Itloln : Nizong,Kamengin NEFA, Assam, 1463m,27.vi.1961,
Coll. Schmid. Allotype Q, Keland, Kameng, 1828m, l.vii 1961. Parqtopotype
6i , with type. Paratype 6, lvith allotype.
Distribution: India : Assam.
(Alexander)
The most similar regionalspeciesincludeHolorusiadorsopleuralisand H. mara (Alexander),which have the hypopygial structure generally as in
the present fly, differing in the tergite,inner dististyleand eighth sternite,including the somewhatstriking vestitureof the last.
GenusNephrotomaMeigen
NepltrotomaMeigen, 1803,IIIiger's Mag.,3 :262.
NephrotomaAlexander, 1965,Philippine,/. ,Sci.,94 : 543-564,Figs. 7,8,12-33, 36-39.
(Discussionof Indian species).

7. Nephrotomabellula,sp. nov. (Figs.7, 8)
Generalcolorationyellorv,conspicuouslypatterned with black ; male anyellow ; headyellow.vertexwith atennae relatively long, basal four segmentscompleteblack crossbandbehindthe verticaltubercle; knobs of halteresyellow ;fernora yellowed; wings relatively narrow, weakly brownish-yellow,stigma
cell Malong and narrow;darker; cell lst M, very small, Mrnarrowly sessile,
abdominal tergites orange-yellow,conspicuously patterned with black ; malehypopygium with tergite modified, inner dististylewith beak very slender,dorsal
crestelevated,rounded.
Male and Fenrule.' Frontal prologation of head light yellow, dorsallywith a pale brown U-shaped mark ; nasus long, black, with unusuallylong
black setae; palpi light brown. Antennae of male long ; proximal four segments yellow, the scapemore intenselyso, succeedingsegmentsmore bicolored,
light brown, the basal enlargementa little darker, outer segmentsuniformly
brownish-black. Head clear light yellow, behind the verticaltuberclewith abrownish-blackcrossbandextendingfrom eye to eye; occipital brand broad,
blackened.
Pronotum light yellow, sides of scutum extensivelyblackened,including
also the propleura. N{esoprescutumwith three polished nacreousblackened

ORIENTAT,INSECTS

Vol. 3, No. I

stripes, the lateral pair with dull black margins, posterior interspacepalingto obscureyellow,humeral and lateral borders narrowly light yellow;
scutal lobes polished nacreous,median area narrowlyyellow ; scutellumwithbasal half light yellow, posterior parts of both scutellumand parascutella
brownish-black; mediotergitelight yellow, with nearly the posteriorhalf ofmediotergite
brownish-black,the color extendedover the anapleurotergite,katapleurctergiteclear yellow. Pleura light yellow, patternedwith dark brown on
anepisternumand cephalic pteropleurite,ventralsternopleurite
more reddened.
Haltereswith stembrown, baseobscureyellow,knob chieflylight yellow. Legs
with coxae yellow, fore pair with anteriorfaceweaklydarkened; trochanters
yellow ; femora and tibiae yellowed, tips of latter narrowly darkened,tarsi brownish-black. Wings (Fig. 7) relatively narrow, weakly tinged withbrownish-yellow,stigma darker brown ; veins brownish-black,prearcularandcostal veins more brownish-yellow. Venation: Cell lst M, very small, cellM,narrowlysessile,
m-cujoiningbasalsectionof Mn shortlybeyond base; cell M,
long and narrow, in type nearly three times as long as width at base,outer
medialveinslong.
Abdominal tergitesorange-yellow,conspicuously
patternedwith black,
including the broadposteriorborders,seconcl
segment
with additionalbasalandlateralmarks,sternites
yellow. In fernalethe lateraltergalbordersof the more
proximalsegmentsconspicuously
blackened,behindconnectedwith the posterior
darkening; sixth and succeeding
segmentswith dark markingsobsoleteor virtually So, outer segmentsuniformly dull orangeor yellow. Ovipositorwith
apicesof cerciobtuse. Male hypopygium(Fig.E) with tergite,t, conspicuousl
modified,lateral lobes narrowedgraduallyto a blackenecl
knob,surlaceu,ith
numerousblackened
spicules; lowersurfaceof lobe with a flattenedblade, theliee outer end extendedinto a long palelobe,its apexwith abundantsetulae;
lateralborderof tergalplatervith a few slightly larger. more pointed spicules.
Outer dististyle.r/, long and narrow,especialty
the outerhalt; innerstyledistinctive,beakvery slender,dorsal crest elevated,rounded,lower beak small,
blackened,tip subacute; region of outerbasallobewith a very inconspicuous
darkenedflange. Phallosorrre,
pt with apophysescomplex, as figured. Eighthsternite,8s, with medianincisionof posteriorborderfilled with pale membiane,
the low laterallobeswith relativelyshort setae,central region with more abundant shorterbristlesand fewerlong delicatehairs.
Length; d, about9 mm, wing 10 mm; !, about 13-14ffiffi, wing 13-14mm.
Ilolotype g, INorl : Cinchona,Anamalai Hills, South India, 1067m,
v.1965, Coll. Susai Nathan. Allotopotypeg, iv.1956. paratopotypesz ??,v.1956.
Distribution: India.
Thereare an unusualnumber of speciesof Nepltrotonru
in South India,
especiallyin the Anamalaiand Nilgiri Hills, rnanyof thesewith distinctivemale

1969

ALEXANDER: ON INDTAN TIPULTDAE

Alexander,N. globataAlexandodabettae
hypopy-eia.TheseincludeNephrotoma
der, N. kodaikanalensisAlexander, N. megascaphaAlexander, N. quadrilata
Alexander,N. toda Alexander,andAlexander,1y'.ra.iahAlexander,N. semicincta
some others. Basedon the hypopygialstructure,the most similarof theseis
which differs evidently in body coloration and in hypopygial
N. semicincta,
details,especiallythe innerdististyle.
(Brunetti) (Fig. 9)
concolorithorax
8. Nephrotoma
puchyrhirrccorrcolorithora.rBrunetti, 1912, Fauna British India. Diptera Nematocera,
p.346.
Nepltrototnaconcolorithorax,Alexander,l96l , Rec.Indian Mus'r 59 :21'

Typesfrom the Khasi Hills, Assam. Additional record: Sirohi, Manipur,
Coll' Schmid.
Assam,1250m, 9.vii.1960,
posterior border withMale hypopygium(Fig. 9) with tergite,/, transverse,
four lobes, lateral pair short and compact,with relativelyfew very stout marginal spicules; innerpair of lobeslarger and more flattened,nearly contiguousat the midline, with numerousspicules,the marginalserieslarger,formingan
small, with microscopichairlike points. Outer disouterrow, discalspicules
especiallythe outerfourth ; innerstylewith
tisyle, d, very long and attenuated,
Ueat yellow,slender,lower beakvery low and obtuse; dorsal crest very highand conspicuous,its posterior outer anglefartherextended,outer mar-einwith
conspicuouspoints to appear serrulate; region of outerbasallobea flattened
blade,the marginwith long setae; faceof disk of style below the dorsal crest
broad,
rvith a single slenderrecurvedspine. Phallosome,p, with aedeagus
short and broad. Eighth sternite,8s, blackened,
apexobtuse; gonapophyses
large, broadly transverse,posterior border convexlyrounded; median area..lrbrunor,r, bearing a slenderheavilyblackenedrod extendingcephaladfrom
produced,with long coarseblack setaeadthe margin; laterallobesscarcely
afea,directedcaudadand slightlymesad.
joiningthe mernbranousconsimilis(Brunetti) (Fig. 10)
9. Nephrotoma
Pachl,rltina consimilisBrunetti, 19ll, Rec.Indian Mus.,6:266-267 Nephrotomaconsimihs,Alexander 1961, Rec.Indian Mus.,59:21.

theA common and widely distributed species, especiallythroughout(Fig' l0)'
Ffimalayas. The typeswerefrom Darjeeling. Male hypopygium
10. Nephrotomahypocrites(Brunetti) (Fig' I l)
Pacltl,rhinahypocritesBrunetti,lglS,.Rec..IndianMus.,|5:276.
Mus,,15 : 335.336.
ErioceranigroapicalrsBrunetti, 1918, Rec.Indian
Rec"Indian Mus"26:3O4'
Neplrotonir,,i-q'nupfcalis,Edwartls' I924'
Nephrotonnltl'pocrire'r,Alexander'1961'Rgc'IndianMlts"59:?l'ORIENTAL INSECTS

Vol. 3, No. I

The typesof hypocriteswere frorn Darjeeling District, Eastern Himalaya,
1524m,, of nigroapicalislikewise from Darjeeling District. Additional specimensare from Nampong, Sikkim, 1000 m, g.v.1959,and singbeng,siklim,
1500m, 8.x.1959,takenby Schmid.
Male hypopygium(Fig. I l) with tergite, t, transverse,posterior third oneither side with a blackened plate, bearinga group of blackenedspiculesnear
midline and a further marginal series of ltouter blackened points. Ninthsternitevery largeand tumid on either side,with long coarse setae, at base ofemargination with a transverseblackened plate, the apical anglewith a concentrationof small spines. Outer dististyle,r/, unusually broad opposite basal
third, the lengthonly about one-halfgreaterthan the width at thisfoint; innerstyle with beak obtuse, Iower beak very extensive,blackened dorsal crest;
small, pale, margin smooth ; region of outer basal lobe with a small double
tubercle,each half with a seta. Phallosome,p, includingthe very small triangularaedeagus
and large two-hornedgonapophyses,as figured. Eighth sternite, 8s, large, posterior border gently emarginate,with abundantlong black
setae,at midline with a smaller lobe bearinga group of shorterblack setae.
11. Nephrotomaserricornis(Brunetti) (Fig. l2)
Pachyrhina sefticornis Brunetti, lg12, Fautn Brirish India,
Diptera Ne,ntc.era,
p.341-343.
Nephrotomaserriconus,Alexander,lg6l , Rec.InclianMus.,5g :21.

The type was from Kurseong,DarjeelingDistrict. The species
is comn.lon
and widespreadthroughoutthe Himalaya. Male hypopygium(Fig. l2).
12. Nephrotomaunisicata,sp. nov. (Fig. l3)
Allied to muktesarensis;mesoprescutumlight yellorv,withthreepolished
black nacreousstripes that are narrorvly bordered by opaque
black,Iateral
stripes and ends of suture with a blackenedarea pleura orange,;
weaklypatternedwith yellow ; wings weakry darkencd,cell ,scand stigma darker
brown, the latter with numerous trichia ; basal abdominal tergites
orange,patterned with black, outer segmentsblackencd; male hypopygiumwith lateral
tergallobesincurved,with one to threespiculesat or close to 1ip; ninth ,r.rnite with a stout fingerlikelobe ; inner dististylewith dorsalcresi
fulty .olo..J;
phallosomewith aedeagusbroad ; eighth sternite with posteriorborder convexly rounded,with sparsedark coloredsetae.
Male " Frontal prolongation of head clear light ycllow, dorsallyfrorn
midlength outwardly dark brown includingthe long ,r"r.ir, setaeof laterali;;;;black ; palpi dark brown, terminal segmentbrownish-black,the extremetippale' Antennae with scape obscure yellow, pedicelbrownish-black,flagelluri
black ; first flagellarsegmentcylindrical,seconcland third strongly in.ir.i,
ti.
basalenlargement
and outer swellingsubequal,succeeding,.grn.n'ts less in.ir.o.

1969

ALEXANDER: ON INDIAN TIPULIDAE

segmentssubequalto their longestverticils. Front and verticaltubercleclear
light yellow,the latter feebly emarginateanteriorly; posterior vertex orange'*ith u conspicuousdark brown T-shapedmark, the stemincludingthe morenacreousbrand,the bar a more opaque band crossingthe head behind thetubercle; genaePaleYellow.
prescutumclearlight yellow, sides and propleura dark brown, scutellum
brownish-yellow. Mesoprescutumlight yellow, with threepolishedblackened
nacreousstripes,the central one broad in front, reachingthe suture behind'very narrowly bordered by dull black, at anterior end with a major
dull black area that almost reachesthe margin, the suture and anterior
end of scutal lobe similarly black; scutum light yellow,with a singlemajor
nacreouscenterborderedby dult black, very narrow mesally and behind, extensivelyso in front and on sides; scutellumdark brown,baseand parascutella
yellowed, mediotergitelight yellow, posteriorthird more fulvous,pleurotergite
orange,the tumid katapleurotergitelight yellow; notum glabrous anteriorly,
longerbut paleandscutellumwith sparseshort setae,those of mediotergite
inconspicuous.The teneralparatypehas the mesonotalstripes paler, reddishmeron
brown. Pleura orange,patternedwith yellow on dorsalsternopleurite,
light yellow. Halteresbrown, base of
membranedorsopleuraland metapleura,
light yellow;
stem vaguelylight brown. Legs with all coxaeand trochanters
fore legwith femoraand tibiaelight brown,tips vaguelydarker; tarsi brownishblack ; claw of malewith a long erectspine; middleand posteriorlegsbroken.
cellSc and stigmadark brown,the latter with numerous
Wingsweaklydarkened,
Sc, ending
trichiain cell R1; veinsbrown. Venation: Sc,distinctlypreserved,;
oppositeorigin of Rs, the latter shorter than R, .g i cell Mr short-sessileveins Mrrr,-, and base of Mnalmostpurrctiform;m-cuon Majustbeyondthe
fork of M.
patternedwith
Basaltwo abdominaltergitesof type orange,conspicuously
almostreachingbrownish-black,on secondsegmeutat basebroadlyexpanded,lateralborder,isolatinga posteriorground area on
the broadbrownish-black
two to four witheither side; segmentsthree and four chieflyblack,segments
a narrow irregular obscureyellow pattern bordering the black, subterminal; hypopyblack to form a broad ring ; basal sternitesreddish-yellow
segments
gium, including the dististyles,extensivelyyellow. The teneralparatypehas
the normal
the pattern of the tergitessomewhatdifferent and may represent
condition,proximal six tergitesobscure yellow with a broad brown central
stripe and narrower laterals, the subterminalblackenedring as in holotype.
posteriorborder withMale hypopygium(Fig. l3) with tergite,t, transverse,
four lobes, including an intermediatepair of flatteneddisklikebladesthat aredenselysetwith blackenedspiculesover most of the surfaceand slightly lateradon a sclerotizedbar ; lateral arms directedmesad,eachtippedwith a single
blackspicule(in holotype)or rvith threesuch spinoid setae(paratype). Ninthsternite with a rnedian fingerlike lobe that is stouter than in nruktesarensis,

10

ORIENTAL INSECTS

Vol. 3, No. I

Outer dististyle,4 relativelybroad acrossbasal two-fifths,the length about two
and one-half times the greatestbreadth,inner style with beak stout, lower beakbroad and low ; dorsal crest conspicuous,fully colored. Phallosome withaedeagus
unusuallybroad ; gonapophysesfolded to appearsmallerthan actuallyis the case. Eighth sternite,8s, with posterior border convexly rounded, withrelatively sparse short dark-colored setae, central area with a small whitened
areabut without a fingerlikelobe as in muktesarensis.
Length: d, about ll.5-12 mm, wing ll-11.3 mm, antennaabout4 mm.
Holotypeg, Stxrlu: Nanga, 1524m, 11.v.1959,Coll. Schmid. Paratopotype,teneral $.
Distribution: Sikkim.
Nephrotomaunisicataisallied to N. muktesarensisAlexander from Uttar
Pradesh, India. being generally similar in coloration and structure of theantennae,differing in important details of hypopygial structure, including
especiallythe tergite,dististyles,phallosomeand eighth sternite.
nom. nov.
13. Nephrotomasubeuryglossa,
Alexander,1967,PhilippineJ. Sci., 95:550, Figs.7,2l,22;
Nephrotomaeuryglossa
preoccupied by Nephrotomaquincunxeuryglossa; Alexander, 1962,Ann. Mus. Roy.
Afr. Ccntr.,Zool.,ll0 : 350,Figs. 4, 5.

CurtisCenusDolichoPeza
DolichopezaCurtis, 1825,British Ent',62 : 1825.
DolicholtczaAlexander, 1965, Philippine J. Sci., 94: 564-580,Figs. 34, 35, 40-61(Discussionof Indian sPecies).

seticristata,sp. nov. (Fig. la)
14. Dolichopeza(Nesopeza)
Sizemedium(wing to 12 mm) ; generalcoloration of body dark brorvn;
antennaeshort, nearly equal in length in both sexes; legsdark brown, outertarsal segmentspaling to dirty white ; wings pale brown, stigma darker, medial
forks deep, especiallycell M1 which is from two to two and one-halftimes its
petiole ; male hopopygiumwith tergal border blackened,trilobed ; outer disiirty6 about four times as long as broad, inner style with both beaksobtuse,esplciallythe lower one ; dorsalcrest produced,terminating in a tuft of long
black r.tu. ; eighth sternite with the convex posteriorborder emarginate,thelobessmall,with blackenedsetae.
Male and Female: Rostrum light brown ; palpi dark brown, elongate,
subequal to the antennae. Antennae shorter than in setilobata, scape andpedicil yellowish-brown,flagellumblack; first flagellarsegmentlonger than thei.upr ; intermediatesegmentssubequalto their longestverticils; antennaenearly
posterior parts.quut in both sexes. Front and anteriorvertex byownish-yellow,
of headdark browu.

1969

ALEXANDER: ON INDIAN TIPULIDAE

ilThoracic dorsum almost uniformly dark brown, the prescutal stripes
slightly darker than the interspaces,central region of scutum paler. Pleura
lighter brown. Halteresdark brown, base of stem narrowly yellowed. Le-ss
with coxae brownish-yellow. trochanters clearer yellow ; femora dark brolvn,
basesnarrowly paler ; tibiae and most of basitarsi dark brown, outer tarsal
segmentspaling to dirty white. Wings almost uniformly pale brown, stigma
dark brown ; a vaguebrown seam in cell M adjoining vein Cu ; veins darkbrown. Venation : Rs subequal to or slightly longer than m-ca,the latter ashort distancebeforefork of M,in casesto one-third its length ; medial forks
deep, especiallycell M, which is from two to two and one-halftimes its petiole ;outer end of cell 2nd r4 narrowed.
Abdominal tergitesbrownish-black,basal sternitesyellowed, intermediate
uniformly brownishsternitesobscureyellowwith darkenedrings,outer segments
black. Male hypopygium(Fig. I a) with tergalarmature, l, heavily blackened,
trilobed, central projection truncate at apex, the smaller lower lateralsrveakly
narrower, microscopicallyroughened. Outer disbilobed; anteriorextensions
tistyle, d, about four tirnes as long as breadthat midlength,widestnear base,apex obtuse, surlacewith conspicuousblack setae,thoseat apex longest; innerstylewith bcak obtuse,dorsal crest produced,tcrminating in a ttrft of long
black setae; lowcr beak very low and obtuse; regionof outcr basallobe with
abundant short setulae and scatteredlong setae. Eighth sternite, 8s, withposteriorborder convexlyroundedwith a small central emargination,the small
lateral lobeswith numerousincurvedblackenedsetae.
Length: 6, about l0 mm, wing ll-12 ffiffi, antennaabottt 2.1'?.5mm ;Q , a b o u t l l - 1 2 m m , w i n g I 1 . 5 - 1 2m m .
Holotype ,t, Ixpln: Cinchona,Anamalai Hills, South India, 1067n1,
v.1967,Coll. Susai Nathan. Allotopotype!, pinned with type. Paratopotype.s

I d,399.
Distribution: India.
Dolichopeza(Nesopeza)seticristatais generallysimilar to D. (l/.) himalayae
Alexander, and some others, being most similar to D. (N.) setilobataAlexander,of Manipur. It differsespeciallyin the shorter antennae,details of vertation,and in hypopygial structure, including the tergite, inner dististyleand eighthsternite.

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ORIENTAL INSECTS

Vol. 3, No. I

3

Figs. 1-6. Male hypopygiumof 1, Holorusiaiapvoensis(Alexander);(Alexander);2, Holorusiamara (Alexander); 3, Holorusiaflavamelanopus(Alexander)
nagana4, Holorusia mitra, sp. nov. ; 5, Holorusia; 6, Holo'rusiayama, sp. nov. (Symbols: d, dististyle;p, phallosomei s, sternite;t, tergite).

t969

ALEXANDER: ON INDIAN TIPULIDAE

il/,+r7fu,?".!Yx'.' " 'r"\

l'

8s

t2

r3
Fig.7. Venationof Neplrotonn bellula, sp. nov. Figs. 8-14. Male
hypopygium of 8, Nephrotomabellula.sp. nov. ; 9, Nephrotomaconcolorithoran (Brunetti) ; 10, Nephrotomaconsimilis(Brunetti) ; ll, Nephrotoma
hypocrites(Brunetti); 12,Nephrotonraserricornis(Brunetti); 13,Nephrotoma
unisicata, sp. nov. ; 74, Dolicltopeza (Nesopeza) seticristata, sp. nov.
(Symbols: 4 dististyle; p, phallosomes, sternitai t, tergite).

13