How to Use This Textbook
STEP 0 Preview Dictation
予習として授業開始前までに、QR コードにスマートフォンをかざして、音声ファイルに収録された本文に関連した３つの英文を聞いて、書き取ってください。同じ英文が授業開始時の小テストとして出題されます。

STEP 1 How much do you agree?

各ユニットのタイトルに対してどのくらい同意するかを１から６のスケールで選んで〇で囲んでください。

STEP 2 Warm-up Discussion
本文の内容に関連した質問が３つあります。まず、自分自身の返答を用意してから、パートナーと聞き合
い対話に発展させていってください。

STEP 3 Vocabulary Warm-up
空欄のある英文に最適な語句を選んで完成させてください。空欄を埋めてから、パートナーと答え合わせをしてください。

STEP 4 Listening for Comprehension
本文に目を通さずに、先生の指示に従い教室で一斉に朗読を聞くか、各自 QR コードにスマートフォンをかざして、本文の朗読を聞いて内容の理解に努めてください。スペースに自由に英文や和文でノートを取ったり、聞き取った語句を書いてください。また、同時にどのくらい聞き取れたのかを All / Almost all /Half / A little / Nothing at all の中から選んで □ に ü を入れてください。聞き終わったらパートナーと一度見せ合ってください。

STEP 5 Syncro-Reading Aloud
再度、教師の指示に従い教室で一斉に朗読を聞くか、各自 QR コードにスマートフォンをかざして、朗読を聞きながら音読（シンクロ音読）をしてください。わからない表現があっても止まらず、先へ先へと読
み進め、発音だけでなく、ポーズの位置やイントネーションもできるだけ真似るようにしてください。同時に内容の理解にも努めてください。本文の下にある QR コードをかざすと、 Vocabulary Notes を見ることができます。本文中の重要語の和訳が記載されていますが、中には同義語や英文の定義を載せているものもあります。いっしょに覚えましょう。教科書の横に置いて、スマートフォン画面を見ながら読み進めることができます。

STEP 6 How much do you agree?
本文を読み聞きした後で再度、タイトルに対する同意度を選んでください。選んでからペアワークで互いに変化があったかどうかを確認してください。

STEP 7 Reading Comprehension
質問に対する４つの選択肢が解答として用意されています。本文の内容に合った選択肢を選んでください。
５つすべて解答したら、パートナーと答え合わせをしてください。

STEP 8 From Listening to Speaking
英語での自由な討論の前段階として、対話の形式に慣れてもらうためのタスクです。

Part 1▶ Listening
先生の指示に従い教室で一斉に朗読を聞くか、各自 QR コードにスマートフォンをかざして、朗読を聞き、空欄に聞き取った語句を入れてください。

Part 2▶ Dialog
対話文の質問の応答として各自で自分の考えに一番近いものを右ページのリスト（４択）から選び、空欄に書き入れてからペアワークで A と B を音読してください。終わったら A と B を交代して音読してくだ
さい。

STEP 9 Main Opinion
最後にもう一度、スケールで本文の主張に対する自分自身の同意度を選んでください。先の２回の同じ質問で行った時と同様に、まずは自問自答してからペアワークをします。これで本文を読む前、本文を読んだ後、グループで話し合い他人の意見を聞いた後の３つの段階で自身の同意度がどのように変化していっ
たかをじっくりと観察してください。そして変化した理由・原因となった本文中の特定の記述やパートナーの主張を特定し、ペアワークまたはグループワークでお互いに伝え合ってください。

STEP 10 Writing
ユニットのタイトルについて、出だしの英文に続いて、自分の意見を自由に英語で書いてください。各ユニットの最終ページと巻末にある表現集を参考にして 100 語程度の英文を書くようにしてください。

OPTIONAL STEP Discussion
先生の判断により、行うタスクです。

Part 1▶ Advantages and Disadvantages
本文の主張の利点と欠点（長所と短所）をそれぞれ挙げて空欄の中に書き入れてください。本文中に挙げられているものだけでなく、自分の意見も自由に書き込んでから、パートナーと比較してください。

Part 2▶ Free Speaking
英文の質問が用意されています。４人のグループを形成して、自由に討論してください。英語だけで行うのが理想ですが、日本語を交えたり、日本語だけで行うなど、先生の指示に従ってください。リーダーを選び、全体の意見を取りまとめ合意点をクラスの中で発表してください。

Part 3▶ Extra Questions
本文の内容に関連した学生の意見を問う質問が５つ用意されています。別のパートナーとペアまたはグ
ループで英語で自由に討論してください。

The Frequency of Lexical Items Used in Unit Essays
各ユニットの本文中にある語彙の使用頻度をビジュアル化しました。このページを見た時に本文の内容を細部まで思い出せるようにしてください。

The Frequency of Lexical Items Used in the 15 Essays
本書の本文（全 15 エッセイ）で使用されている語彙の頻度をビジュアル化したものです。すべてのエッセイを合わせた文章中に出現する頻度の高い単語を選び出し、その値に応じた大きさで図示しています。

theyEnglishbe the have
with

many

are tobacco

students
Japanwith foreign

can hasinhave notSchoollife

Japanese

also morechildrenthemhoweverpeople important university
difficultmore

Useful Expression for Discussion
ディスカッションやディベートで役立つ英語表現を記載しています。巻末にもさらに多くの表現を掲載しました。

Table of Contents
How to Use This Textbook
The Frequency of Lexical Items Used in the 15 Essays

Basic Terms ……………………………………………………………………………………………………………………… 8
Unit 1

We should keep early hours. …………………………………………………………………… 12

Unit 2

College students should live alone. ……………………………………………………… 20

Unit 3Club activities should be banned at schools. ……………………………………… 28

Unit 4

Study abroad experience should be a requirement foruniversity graduation. ………………………………………………………………………………… 36

早寝早起きをすべきである

大学生は一人暮らしをすべきである
部活を禁止すべきである

海外留学を大学の卒業要件にすべきである

Unit 5

College students should study foreign languages more
seriously in addition to English. ……………………………………………………………… 44
大学生は第二外国語をもっと真剣に学ぶべきである

Unit 6

College students should choose an occupation that suits
them. ………………………………………………………………………………………………………………… 52
大学生は自分の適性に合った職業に就くべきである

Unit 7We should consider important rules and manners for online
communication. …………………………………………………………………………………………… 60オンライン上のルールとマナーを守るべきである

Unit 8More Japanese companies should use English as their main
language of business. ………………………………………………………………………………… 68
もっと多くの日本企業が英語を社内公用語にすべきである

Unit 9School and company uniforms should be abolished. …………………… 76
学校や企業の制服を廃止すべきである

Unit 10 We should promote private lodging more. ………………………………………… 84
民泊をもっと促進すべきである

Unit 11 We should limit the number of tourists from abroad. …………………… 92
外国人観光客の数を制限すべきである。

Unit 12 Tobacco should become an illegal drug. …………………………………………… 100
タバコを不法薬物に指定すべきである

Unit 13 We should not let elementary school kids use smartphones. ………… 108
小学生にスマートフォンを持たせるべきではない

Unit 14 We should allow pets at apartments and condos. ………………………… 116
アパート・マンションでペットを飼うのを認めるべきである

Unit 15 Married Japanese women should be allowed to keep theirfamily name. ………………………………………………………………………………………………… 124
夫婦別姓を認めるべきである

More Useful Expressions for Discussion ……………………………………………………… 132

UNIT

3

Club activities should be banned at schools.
部活を禁止すべきである

STEP 0 Preview Dictation
Listen to and write down each of the three sentences in the sound file
before the class.

011

1)
2)
3)

STEP 1 How much do you agree?
How much do you agree with the title of this unit? Circle a number.

STEP 2 Warm-up Discussion
Ask yourself the following questions and/or discuss them with a partner.

1) Do you belong to any club at college? Why did you join it?
2) What club activities did you take part in during junior and senior high school? Why?
3) What did you learn from your club activity experiences?

28

STEP 3 Vocabulary Warm-up
Write the words that best fit the sentences below.

assumption

burdensome

time-consuming

elimination

sense oframpant

devotedinflictblame
conformity

freedom in this painting. The colors and movements of the1) There is abrush are a little wild, but I like the feeling.
2) He isto his children. He will do anything for them.

3) This storm will

serious damage on this coastal town.

4) Studying is often; you rarely have time to do anything else.

is an important value, but it shouldn’t be taken to extremes.

5)6) I know this work is
through until the end.

, but you will learn important things if you pull7) I vote for theof gun ownership, except for police officers.

8) Drug consumption isin that country. It’s everywhere.

9) This idea is based on thelater in life.
10) I am not to

002

003

that all Japanese students will need English

for this mistake. I wasn’t there.

004

005

006

007

008

009

010

STEP 4 Listening for Comprehension
0121) Listen to the speech carefully and write down the words & phrases you hear.
014
016
015
017
018
019
020

012

013

022

023

024

032

033

034

042

043

052

053

025

035

026

027

028

029

030

036

037

038

039

040

2) How much did you understand? Check a box.
045
044
046
047
049
048
050
□ All
□ Almost all□ Half□ A little□ Nothing at all

054

055

056

057

058

059

060

29

003

002

004

005

006

007

008

009

010

STEP 5 Syncro-Reading Aloud Read aloud the following essay while listening to the speech.
Club activities should be banned at schools.

012

012

013
014
016
015
017
019 usually
When Japanese secondary school1 students enter a new018
school, people
020 askthem “Which school club did you join?” The assumption is that club activities are
essential to a healthy and productive2 school life. However, what do children learn during
022 club activities?
023
How
lessons to their overall education and personal024 important
025 are these
027
029
026
030
028
05 growth? Aren’t there less time-consuming ways to learn these lessons? More
importantly, are club activities teaching the wrong things?
In033
2014, aroundjunior and senior high school
were
03485 percent
035of Japanese
039students
038
037
032
036
040
3
involved in after school club activities. However, a study recently conducted by the
OECD4 revealed that, while Japanese students usually perform quite well academically,510 they enjoy school less than most students in the world. One reason is that club activity
045
044
046 who 047
043 is burdensome
042 attendance
049of a sensetomost students,
join these activitiesout
048
050 of6
obligation . The unfortunate result is the elimination of family time. Sports clubs usuallyrequire five or six days of practice a week. Mornings, after school time and weekends
are often devoted to practice. As a result, parents cannot spend time with their children,
058 trips059
056 work,
060
057
055 their school
053 them, help
054them with15
and plan family
and activities.
052 talk with
Instead, a lot of what children do in club activities is over-practice, stemming from7 an
odd8 desire9 for perfection.
Club activities are also places where bullying10 among students is rampant. When
062
067
063
068
064
066
069
club members fail to do as 065
they are told, miss practices, are late, or do not play070
well,
11
12
20 other club members and coaches often inflict psychological and physical pain.
Although the club activity culture is not entirely13 to blame, suicide remains the leading
cause073
of death among Japanese people between 10 and 19 years old. One reason is that
076
072
074
077
075
15
080
078
education in Japan is oriented towards14 group identity, which
justifies079
pressuretoconform. Unfortunately, bullying in Japanese schools and clubs is common, intense,16
17
25 and teachers are not trained to identify it and stop it. The government has passed laws
asking teachers to report bullying. But bullying problems are usually dealt with throughstronger emphasis on conformity. The result is that bullies are rarely punished.18 About
190,000 cases of bullying were reported in 2014, but only two students weresuspended.19
30
Education does not take place only at school and in after-school clubs. The mainplace where children become socialized20 and learn important life lessons is the family.
Unfortunately, with unreasonable 21 pressures from club activities, young people
nowadays are missing out on22 family time. Instead, they are spending huge amounts oftime running after balls, dealing with often oppressive23 power relationships and35 bullying, and learning values which might not be so useful throughout their life.
Likewise, college students should keep in mind that24 their job is to study and learn thethings they pay expensive tuition fees25 for.
466 words; Flesch-Kincaid 10.1

30

11

12

13

Vocabulary Notes
1. 中学校 2. 実りの多い 3. 参加していた 4. The Organisation for Economic and Co-operation Development（経済開発機構）の頭字語 5. 学業が優秀である 6. 義務感から 7. 〜から生じる (= come from) 8. 妙な (= strange, weird) 9. 願望 (= wish,
yearning) 10. いじめ 11. 心理的な 12. 肉体的な 13. 完全に (= completely) 14. 〜志向である 15. 〜を正当化する 16. 激しい (=severe, harsh, strong) 17. 〜を特定する 18. 罰せられる 19. 停学処分を受けた 20. 社会化する 21. 不合理な、無分別な (=troublesome, annoying) 22. 〜を失っている 23. 抑圧的な (= harsh, repressive) 24. 留意する (= bear in mind) 25. 授業料

STEP 6 How much do you agree?
How much do you agree with the main argument in the essay? Circle anumber.

STEP 7 Reading Comprehension Circle the correct answer.
013 1) Why do many people in Japan think club activities are important?

a) Students can grow faster.
c) Students can learn important things.

b) They are the most fun part of school.
d) They provide an overall education.

2) According to the essay, what can be said about club activity participants?
a) They feel pressure to join them.
b) They have more family time.
c) They perform better academically.
d) They are a burden on schools.
3) What happens when club members practice more than six days a week?
a) They feel more devoted to their club.
b) They get closer to perfection.
c) They don’t have weekends.
d) They can’t spend time with family.
4) According to the author, what is the main cause of bullying in Japanese schools?
a) Heavy club activity responsibilities.
c) Lack of punishment for bullies.

b) Intimidation from other students.
d) The need to follow group thinking.

5) How are bullying problems often dealt with in Japanese schools?
a) By punishing the bullies.
b) By focusing on group identity.
c) By passing anti-bullying laws.
d) By training teachers to stop bullying.

UNIT 3 Club activities should be banned at schools.

31

3

3

004

005

006

007
008
to Speaking
STEP 8 From Listening

009

010

Part 1▶ Listening
Listen to the conversation and fill in the blanks.

014

014

016

015

017
018
019
020
A1 Do you think club activities should be banned at schools?

B1
024

A2025
Why do you
027
026think so?

028

029

030

038

039

040

048

049

050

B2 Well,What’s your position?
035
037
036

034

A3 In my opinion,
B3 Why do you think so?
044 A4 045
046
047

Part 2▶ Dialog
in the blanks
statements
056
060 your opinions from the057 with the058
059that match
055 Now fill

3

054

3

067
068banned069
064 A1 Do
066
070
065you thinkclub activities
should be
at schools?

3list on the next page and read aloud in pair. You can also make your own
statements.

B1
A2 Why do you think so?
076
074
077
B2 075
Well,
What’s your position?
A3 In my opinion,
B3 Why do you think so?
A4

32

078

079

080

B1 □ Yes, I do.
□ No, I don’t.
□ I’m not sure about it.
□ It’s hard to say.
B2 □ I think children need to spend more time with their family.
□ I guess important lessons can be learned through club activities.
□ it seems to me that club activities encourage bullying among students.
□ I suppose if there weren’t any clubs, students would be bored and lazy.
A3 □ family time is important, but parents are simply too busy.
□ club activities only teach group identity, instead of critical thinking.
□ bullying is bad, but it is also natural and to be expected in society.
□ students don’t have to be busy all the time to develop into good adults.
A4 □ I think so because more and more mothers must work now, so there is often noone at home.
□ What I mean is that club activities focus mainly on following a few basic rules
and learning a very limited set of skills. It’s like the army.
□ Well, simply because negotiating power relationships is basic to social life,and some are simply better at it than others.
□ It goes without saying that being on your own is also important in life.

STEP 9 Main opinion
By yourself, revisit your original opinion. Do you think club activities should
be banned at schools? Circle the number which best represents your views.
Is it the same number as before? Explain to your partner why you changed– or did not change – your opinion.

STEP 10 Writing Write your opinion freely on the title of this unit.
Club activities should be banned at schools.

UNIT 3 Club activities should be banned at schools.

33

OPTIONAL STEP

Discussion

Part 1▶ Advantages and Disadvantages
In the boxes below, list the advantages and disadvantages of banning club
activities at schools.

Advantages

Disadvantages

①

①

②

②

③

③

Part 2▶ Free Speaking
In groups of four, share your opinions regarding the following discussion
question:

Should club activities be banned at schools?
In front of the class, summarize your group’s main arguments and consensus.

Part 3▶ Extra Questions
Find a different partner and discuss the following questions.

1) How much family time did you have as a secondary school student?
2) How important is family time to you? As a future parent, will you have a lot offamily time?
3) What are the main causes of bullying in Japanese schools? What can be done to stopor reduce it?
4) What can you learn from your classmates and club members that you can’t learn
from your teachers?
5) What can you learn in your family that you can’t learn at school?

34

The Frequency of Lexical Items Used in Unit 3 Essay

practicewith

importanttheusually often time activities
life them are theirchildrenlessons bullying

schoolclub clubs
students

among

were

Japaneseresult

these

they
not

familypeopleUseful Expression for Discussion
015 初耳です
それは初耳です

あなたに聞くまで知らなかったです
誰も教えてくれなかったです

I didn’t know.
That’s news to me.
I’ve never heard of it.
It’s unheard of.
I had no knowledge of that.
I didn’t know until you told me.
No one told me.
I was not informed.

UNIT 3 Club activities should be banned at schools.

35