9 G(;

?Cf

NOBEs

TFTANSPOSITIOI{OF FIGURESIn the two Parts of the papers here tncluded,"New or l itt.Ie-known

e nt ltled

and Peru (oiptera:Tlpulidae),lnadvertently
of

Part

II

3t flgures

Tipul idae f rom Chlle
the flgures
The 23 figures

have been transposed.

whlle

III,

are included

in Partof Part III

are tn Part II.

t'he

In any useof these two papers, both Parts must be used
togetherto avoid total

confusion.
CharlesP. Alexandert2tValparaiso, Cbile

NE\fl OR LITTLE-KNO\TN TIPULIDAE FROMCHILE AND PERU(DIPTERA:TIPULIDAE)CHARLES P. ALEXANDER
Amherst. Massachusetts

P a r tII

at this time were collectedin Chile
The craneflies discussed
and Peru by sefiorLuis E. Pefia,to whom much of our knowledgeof these flies is due, particularly those of the very productive
regionsof southernChile. A very few of the includedspeciesare
from other sources,including Peru ,takenby sefiorJo# Schunke,
and from Argentina,on the Chilian border,by Mr. S. Schachovskoy. The ti'pes of the novelties are preservedin the extensive
AlexanclerCollectionof \florld Tipulidae.
T I P U L I N A E
TIPULA (EUMICROTIPULA)BIACERVAtp. n. Figs. 1, 2
Mesonotal praescutumbrownish yellow, conspicuouslypatterned u'ith brou'n; antennal flagellum bicolored; wings paleyellou,, patternedrvith brown, including four darker brown subcostalareas;rnalehypopygiumwith tergitevery large,pale yellou',posteriorborderwith tu'o triaugular lobes; mesal lobe of basistyle a flattened yellorv blade, the folded basewith numerous
eighth sternite
triangular points; gonapophysiselongate-clavate;blade.
small ,rnith a single very conspicuousdepressed-flattened
Male: Length about 15 - 1(rmm; u'ing lL.t - 16 mm; antenna about 5.5 - 6 mm.
Frontal prolongation of head light brou'n, relatively long,subequalto remainderof head, nasusshort; palpi light brown,r25

ANALES DEL MUSIO DE HISTORIA NATURAL

N9 4, 1971

outer end of terminal segmentdarker. Antennae with proximal
three segmentsyellow, succeedingflagellar segmentsbicolored,
basal enlargementblack, remainderbrorn'nishyellow, outer segnretrts more uniformly darkened.Head brov'nish gray, clearergr^y anterioriy and on orbits; a caplllarydark brown medianvitta
extendingfrom summit of vertical tubercleto occiput.
Pronotumbrownishyellow, scutumwith three brown clouds,
the central one darker. Mesonotal praescutumbrownish yellow,
patterned with brown, including a broad central stripe that is
divided medially, with a further median darker brown vitta on
anterior half, humeral region pale brou'n; posterior sclerites
yellon'ed,sparselypruinose,scutal lobes very vaguelypatternedwith brown; scutellumand mediotergiteu'ith a broad dark brou'ncentralline. Pleurayellowedmesepisternurnslightly more pruinose, dorsopleuralmembranelight yellow. Halteres with stem
brownish yellow, knob darker brown. Legs with fore coxae
brownish Btty, posteriorpair more yellowed;trochantersyellow;
femora yellou', rvith a nearly terminal brou'n ring, extreme tip
pale; remainderof legs yellorv,outer tarsal segmentsdarkened.
Wings pale yellow, patternedu'ith brown, including four darker brorvnsubcostalareas,the last being the stigma;paler brown
clouds chiefly on outer lialf of r,r'ing,the ground before originof Rr almost uniformly yellowed; beyondcord u'ith a virhrally
entire pale yellow crossbandextendingfrom costato the marginof cell iylj, inc\uling virtually all of t st M2; veins brown, palerin the costalinterspaces,
outer end of Rt+z yel'lowed.Venation:rsr
M2 small,pentagonal,secondsectionof.Mt*z longest;
Cellpetiole of cell Mt about one-half longer than m.
Abdomenyellow, tergiteswith three dark brol'n longitudinal
stripes, outer segmentsdark brown, the ninth tergite conspicuosly pale yellow. Male hypopygium (figs. 1, 2) with thetergite, t, very large, convex, posterior border with two triangular lobes that are separatedby " microscopicU-shapedemargination.Outer dististyle,d,long and slender,about one-halfthe
inner style, provided with long scatteredsetae;inner style u'ith
beak slender,lorn'erbeak a darkenedtriangular pointl posterior
crest with a row of yellow setae,more basallyu'ith and inner
row of much longer darkenedbristles. Basistyle,b, witb mesal
lobe ^ long flattener yellow blade, folded longitudinally, theAlexander, Ch. P.

LITTLE-KNO\7N TIPULIDAE

r27

lower margin with nulnelous triangular points; ventral lobe
shorter, clavate, rvith vefy long setae,the longest subequal inlength to the lobes. Gonapophysis,6, ?n elongate clavate structure, its oval head with an oblique fold. Eighth sternite,8s, unu'
sually small, with a single very conspicuousdepressed-flattened
blade that is longer than the sternite ,surfacewith numerous
yellorv setaefrom darkenedpunctures,basal half u'ith a palecentralline.
Fioiotype,male, Lago Nonthue, Neuquen,Argentina, Januaty
male.
ParatopoVPe,
13, r9t2 (S. Schachovskoy).
Othei regional speciesof. Eumicrotipula-thathave a single
conspicuousspatula on the eighth sternite of the -u1.. hypofYAlexander,
gium include-Tipala (Eumicrotipula) ia.ennickeana
7 , ( E.) latif otia Alexander, T . (E,) ligulata Alexander, T .
(E,) spatuliferaAlexander,and a ferv others,all being distinct
in thefrom [h. pt.s.nt fly in hypopygialstructure,perticul-arlyand the lobe oflobe of baiiiry1e,gonaPoPhysis,
tergite, rr-resal
the eighth sternite.
TIPIJLA (EUMICROTIPULAJlethesP.n.
Fig. 3Size large (r'ing of male about 1! mm); mesonotalpraescutum obsc,ire yellow, conspicuouslypatterned with brownish
black, pleura dult brown; f-emorabrownish yellow, tips, dark
pale brown with and indistinct pattern_of darker
brorvn;^rn,ings
brown and creamcolored areas;male hyPoPygiumwith posteriorborder of tergite emarginate;basistyleproduced into ^ shortstout lobe; inner distisfyle u'ith outer end very large; phallosome with two widely separatedobtuse blades on either side,
the posterioranglesextendedinto a more blackenedfoot-shlPea
struiture; eighth sternite with lateral lobes conspicuous,-darkenwith abundantpale setae.
ed, median ligula depressed-flattened,
Male: Length about 17 mm; rn'ing 19 mrn; antennaabout
I mm.
Frontal prolongation of head relatively long, only a little
less than the-remainder,dark bron'n, paler basally,nasuselon-

128

ANALES DEL MUSEO DE HISTORIA NATURAL

N9 4, 1971

g-ate; palpi black. Antennae relatively long, scape and firstflagellar segmentbrorvn,pedicel light yellow; proximal flagellar
segmentsbeyond the first weakly bicolored, light brown, basal
enlargementblack, auter segmentsmore uniformly dark brown.
Head graf, anterior vertex slightly darkenedalmost to summitof the conspicuous
tubercle.
Pronotal sartum brown, vaguely patterned, scutellum very
thin, brownish yellow. Mesonotal praescutumconspicuouslypatterned, ground obscureyellow, with four brownish black stripesthat are encircledby the ground, humeral and lateral borders
brorvn; scutum gray, each lobe with two blackened areas,theanterior one small; scutellum brownish g^y with long s'hitesetae, patrascutella brown; mediotergite grry with a central
capillary blackenedline; pleurotergite brown, the dorsal katapleurotergitepruinose.Pleura dull brown. Halteres with stem
yellorved,knob dark brou'n, apexpaler. Legsu'ith coxaebrownish
gr.ay;trochantersobscureyellorn';femora broq'nishyellou', tips
dark brown, precededby t vagueiydifferentiatedmore yollowed
ringi tibiae and proximal tarsalsegmentsbrorvnishyellow, outertarsal segmentsdarker brown; claws simple, relatively small,
Wings pale brou'n, with an indistinctspattern of darker brown
and crezfir-Colored
areas;major brown marks include three incell Sc, the last small, secondlarger, involving the baseof Rs,'
the principal pale areasare bofere and beyondthe stigma, acrosscell lst M2, nearouter end of cell M, and in the cubital and analcells; veins brown. Macrotrichia on most veins beyon'd cord
exceptingouter half of Rr+2 and the elementscomprisingcell
lst M2;no trichiaon Rs or Ist A; trichiapresenton distal endsof lvI and Cu, outer twothirds of. znd A, and a few on tn-cu.
Venation: Rr more than twice nt-c/r.
AMominal tergites brownish yellow, with a narrow nearlycontinuous central stripe and broader more blackened lateralspots that form a broken line; sternitesbrownish yellou'; outer
segmentsmore uniformly brownish yellow. Male hypopygium(fig. 3) u'ith posterior border of tergite, tr, emarg,inate,apicesof the lateral lobes obtuse;baseof ernarginationwith two small
lobules.Basistyleproducedinto a short stout lobe, its apex u'ith
short stiff spines.Outer dististyle,r/, very narrowly spatulate,outer half u'ith long conspicuoussetae; inner sryle unusually

LITTLE-KNO\TN TIPULIDAE

Alexander, Ch. P.

r2g

PLATE IT\+-\l \l lY
I

Fig. 1. Linzonia (Diranomyia) cefiereana Alexander;venation.- Fig. 2. Limonia(Zelandoglochina) nubleana sp. n.; venation.- Fig. 3. Tonnoironyia spinulosa
sp. n.; vsnafien.- Fig. 4. lschnotoma peracata sP. n.; male hypopygium.Fig. 5. Linzolitt (Dicranomyia) cblorotica (Philippi); male hypopygium.Fig. 6. Limonia. (Zelandoglochina) ntbleana sp. n; male hypopygium.Fig. 7. Tonnoiromyia spinulorc, sP. n.; male hypopygium. (Explanation of figures,
a. aedeagus:&, basistyle;d, dististyle; g, gonapophysis;p, phallosome;t, tergite.

l30

ANALES DEL MUSEO DE HISTORIA NATURAL

N9 4, 1971

stout, especiallythe base,the outer expandedpart subequalinalea, as shown; beak slightly pointed, lower beak obtu,se.PhalIosome,p, with two widely separatedobtuse blades on eitherside, posteriorly*'ith a more blackenedfoot-shapedextension.
Eighth sternite,8r, with conspicuousdarkenedlateral lobes, thernedian ligula longer, depressed-flattened,
apex broadly obtuse,surfacewith abundantpale setae.
Holotype, male, Las Trancas, Cordillera Chillan, Chile,
altitude1.100- 1.200meters,Decemberz, L964(L. E. Pefia).
Other generally similar regional species include Tipula(Eunticrotip,lld ligulata Alexander, T , (8.) petalura Alexander,T, (E.) petaluroid.esAlexander, and L few others, all readily
separatedfro,m the presentfly by hypopygialstructure,including
virtually all parts.
TIPULA (MICROTIPULA)SCHUNKE/sp. n.
(Fig''1;
General colorationof praescutumorange, darker laterally,
pleura yellou'; wings light graf, patternedwith brown, especiallyin costal region, cell Sr 1'ellou';basal section of Ra+; long,obliterating r-rn; male hypopygiurnu'ith tergal border broad,with conspicuous
black vestiture,that near midline shorter andspinoid; d,ististylesshort and compact, inner styl" outu'ardly
shapedmore or lesslike the headof a.duck.
A[,ale:Length about L3 rnrr; u'ing 13 nrm; antennaabout
7 mm.
Female:Lenght about 13 mm; wing 14 mm.
Frontal prolongation of head light brou'n above, moreyellowed beneath; palpi rvith proximal tr,vo segmentsbrou'n,remainderpaler, especiallythe elongateterminal one. Antennaeof male elongate,about one-half the rving; proximal four segments yellow, remainder slightly brownish yellou', the small
basal enlargementsdarker. Head light brown, front and thevery narrow orbits light gr^y.
Pronotum yellow. Mesonotal;rraescutumwith disk orange
brown, sidesdarker brown; scutumvery light brou'n, scutellumAlexander,Ch. P.

LITTTE-KNO\(N TIPULIDAE

rjL

ancipostnotumyellow. Pleurayellow. Haltereswith stemyellow,
the small knob brown. Legs with coxae and trochanterslightyellow; remainder of legs slightly darker yellow, outer segmentspale brown. \7ings with ground light graft costalregion
pattern-edrvith brown ,including the prearcular field, cell C,
stigma,and outer endsof radial cells,cell Sc yellow; a restricted bronn patternon cord,includingbaseof Rs and anteriorcord,
narroweron n?-c/t,m and the fork of.Mra2; veins pale brown,darker in the patterned areas. Venation: Basal section of
R4+ 5 verJ long, in punctiform contactwith Mr +2, obliteratrng n?: cell llt subequalto its petiole.
Abdominal tergites yellow, narrowly darkener laterally,sternitesligirt /ellos'; subterminalsegmentsdark brown to form
a narro\r, nng that includessegmentsseven,Posteriorhalf. ofsterniteeight, and baseof eighth tergite; remainderof hypopygium light yellou' excepting the darkened dististyles.Male
Ilypopygiu- (fig. 4) u,ith the tergite, t, long-producedbehind,posteriorborder broad, the margin very shallowly emarginate,with conspicuousblack vestiture, that near the midline shortand spinoid.Proctigerlarge,entirelyhorn-yellow,the lower lobe
u'itlr -onspinrousyellorvsetae.Dististyles,d, short and compact
outer sfyla enlargedat distal end, terminatingin two blackened
points; inner sty'leproducedoutwardly, shapedsomewh-atlike
Ihe head of a duc[, the beak yellou'ed.Appendageof ninth
sternite,9s, pale yellow, bilobed, the rnedian emarginationslightly broaderthan the diameterof lobe at base.Eighth sternite
unarmed.
Holotype, male, Chanchamayo,
Junin, Peru, altitude 1.200
meters, February 17, 1949 (J. M. fthunke). AllotopotyPe,
female,pinned u'ith type.
The speciesis named for sefior Jos6 M. Schunketo whom
I am indebted for many Tipulidae from Peru. There are several
other regional speciesthat have the venationsomewhatas in thisfly, that is, with the basal sectionof R4+, long, obliterating,'-ttt or virtually so, and u'ith the wing pattern somewhatthe
same. Such allied speciesinclude Tipula ( Microtipula) intemperataAlexander,T. (nf.) licltyna Alexander,T. (IvL) opipara
Alexandff, T. ( M.) proctotrichaAlexander,T. ( IvL) tricltoprocta
Alexander,and someothers.The rwo last-namedspeciesare clos-r3z

ANALES DEL T,{USEODE HISTORIA NATURAL

N9 4, 1971

est,differing especiallyin hypopygialdetails,including the tergite
an'ddististyles.
TIPULA (AIICROTIPULA)TERGOARtuIATA
sp. n.
j,Figs. 6
General coloration of thorax almost uniformly yellow;
wings very weakly darkened,stigma and costal border slightty
darker brown; male hypopygiumwith ventral surface of ninth
tergiteconspicuously
modifiedinto lateralarms;medianelevation
wi,th the shallow cephalicfork glabrous; appendageof ninth
sternitewith each arm very shallon'ly furcate, the projections
short and nearly equal in size.
Male: Lenght about 12 rnm; wing 12 rrrm; antenna about
5.5 lnm.

Frontal orolongationof l-readobscureyellor'; palpi lightbrou'n.Antennaeof male nearlyone-halfas long as wing; scapeand pedicel light yellow, flagellum brov,-n.Head yellou'ed,
cleareron front and anteriorvertex.
Thorax virtually uniform yellow throughout,pleura slightly
paler. Halteres u,ith stem obscureyellou', knob dark bro'',r'n.
Legs u'ith coxae and trochantersyellorv; remainder of legs
yellorvishbror',,n;c!al',,of male r*ith il s,'eak tooth at nricllength. Wings very u'eaklv darkened,stigmr and costalborderslightl,vmore infuscated,;veins light bror','r-r.
Nlacrotrichirronvein Rl and most of R4+s, more sparseon A[r. Venation:
Petiole of cell zl{t nearly tv;icern.
Abdominal tergiteslight bron'n, sternitesand h,vpopygiurn
more yellowed;segmentsevenand more than ths proximal halfof eight darker brown to form a ring. Male hypopt'gium( fig.
5) with the tergite, t, broad, outer lateral anglesslightly produced;rnedianventral elevationnarrow, the outer end a small
simple head provided with abundant black setae that extend
cephaladalong the stem, the anterior end of latter shallon'ly
forked, without setae,as in related species;on either side of
rnedian^rea with a complex ornate modification that includes
a slenderarm directedlaterad,more expan,cled
at baseand here

Alexander, Ch. P.

LITTLE-KNO'$7N TIPULIDAE

13t

provided-structurewith more abundantyellow setae,posterior end of thefarther extended into a broader pale setuloseblade.
Outer dististyle,d, witlt outer blade relatively short and broad;inner sfle with beak very slender, lower beak about one-half
as long. Appendage of ninth sternite, 9s, with each arm very
shallowly furcate, the arms short nearly equal in size.
Holotype, male, Quincemil, Cuzco,Peru, October 20 - 30,
1962 (L. E. Pefra).
TLe most similar species include Tipula ( Miffotipula)percomptariaAlexander (fig. 6, left) and_7. (y) .topoensis(fig. 6, right), both of Ecuador, differing fromhl.*^ni.rthethe present fly in details of hypopygial structure, especially_
ninth tergite and the appendageof the ninth sternite. T. (IvI.)
decensAlexander,of Peru,has the tergal modificationsgenerally
as in the presentfly but differs in the dististylesand appendage
of the ninth sternite.

L I M O N I I N A E
L I M O N I I N I
LIMONIA (RHIPIDIA) RHASMA sP. n'
Fig. 11

General coloration of mesonotalpraescutumbrownish yellou'
with three darker brou'n stripes; antennae black, wit! eightbipectinate flagellar segments; halteres brownish black; legsbrou'nish black, femoral basesnarrowly yellou'ed; wings almost
uniformly brorvn u'ith darker costal areas, the intersPacessmall
and inconspicuous, Sc long, .Scl ending about gPPosite three-u'ith ventromesallobe of basistyle
fourths Rs; male hypoPygium-dististylewith rostral prolongation.small,a simple club; ventral
the two spinesapproximatedat bases;aedeagusunusuallybroad,genital tubes divergent outwardly.
Male: Lenght about 6.5 mm; wing 6 rnm; antenna about
2 mm.

13.1

ANALES DEL IvIUSEO DE HISTORiA NAI'URAL

Na 4, 1971

Rostrum and palpi darkened.Antennaeblack; first flagellar
segmentsimple, abruptly long-pedicillateat end; segmentstwo
to nine bipectinate,longest branchesabout fq'ice the segments,
all of the latter v'ith long apical pedicels;segmentten with asingle branch; segment eleven simple, r'r,ith a long pedicel;
terminal segmentlonger than the penultimate,long-oval,the outer
fotrrth narrowed. Head dark gray.
Pronofum brown. Mesonotal praescutum brou,nish yellou,,with three darker brou'n stripes, central one darker at anterior
end, pale and more constrictedat near midlength; scutal lobes
concolorous,median area obscureyellow; posterior scleritesof
notum dark broii'nish gl.ay.Pieurabro.r,n,toote yeilou'edbeneath.
Halteres brou'nish black, baseof stem narrowly obscureyellon,.
with. coxae and trochantersyellowed; remainder of legs!.grbrowr-rishblack, femoral bases narrowly yellou'ed; claws ver)/small. V/ings almost uniformly brown, costal third with fourslightly -darkerareasthat are separateclby small paier markings,
the_darkenings extended posteriorly about to rein M, stigma
darker; veins dark brown, rvith long conspicuousblack triihia.
Venation: .Sclong, Scr about oppositetheree-fourthsRs, .i6z nearits tip; free tip of Sc2and Rz pale, in transversealigrunent,
Rt + z projectingbeyondas a strong spur rvith about five trichia;
m-ca at fork of hI.
Abdominal tergites brou'n, sternitesmore bicolored,central
part yelloN'ed,base and apex brou'n, the latter more extensive,ggter segmentsmore unifonnly darkened. Male hypopygium(fig. 11) with tergite, / , narrou'ly transverse,lateral ends
narrow and twisted; posterior border shallowly concave,central
part of anterior border more produced, the margin truncate.
Basistyle,&, subequalin area to the ventral dististyle,the ventromesal lobe entirely simple, slightly narrowed at base. Dorsal
dististyle, /, a long gently curved rod, the tip slender; ventral
st,vle u'ith rostral prolongation small, the t*o spines placed
close together on face at base, each spine shorier than the
prolongation beyond it. Gonapophysis,g, u'ith mesal-aplicallobe
slender, blackened, tip acute. Aedeagus, a, unusually broad,especially at base, apex emarginate, the genital hrbes divergent.

Alexander. Ch. P.

LITTLE-KNO\flN TIPULIDAE

L35

Holotype, male, Quincemil, Cuzco,Peru, August 18, 1962
(L. E. Pefia).
The wing pattern of the presentfly is generallysimilar totlrat of Lirnonia (Rhipidia) uariicosta Alexander, of Panama.
Otlrer superficially similar species inclue L. (R,) nubilosa
Alexandei and L. (R.) persuffusa.ftlexander,both quite distincts
in hypopygial structure.The simple clavate ventromesallobe of
the basistyle and the unmodified proctigeral structure of thepresentspeciesseparateit from virtually all other similar regional
forms.
P E D I C I I N I
PEDICIA (TRICYPHONA) ARAUCANA sP. n.
Figs.7, L2, 13
Allied to platyptera;generalcolorationof entire body black:antennae of male S-segmented,the first flagellat element a
compact oval mass comprised of about eight fused segments,
rn'itFifive free segmentsbeyond; legs black; wings unusuallybroad, strongly darkened,rn'idestoppositecell Ist A, a suPernumerary crossveinin cell M; male hypopygium with interbase
L slender straight rod that is shorter than the dististyle, thelatter terminating in two blades or lobes.
A[.ale:Lenght about 4.5 mm; wing 6.1 x 2.3 mm; antenna
about 0.65 mm.
Rostrum and palpi black. Antenna (fig. L2) black, theslightly paler; scapeand pedicel large; basal segment
flagellum-flagellum
a comPactoval fusion of about seven segments,ofwith an incompletely fused small normal segmentat the aPex,
beyond the fusion rvith five cylindrical segments,all with very
long verticils, some nearly fwice the length of. the segments.
Head black.
Thorax almost uniformly dull black, the pronotum andpraescutummore intensely so. Halteres with stem whitened,knob very slightly darker. Legs with coxae brownish black,
apicespaler, especiallythe fore pair; trochantersbrown; remain-

136

ANALES DEL IUUSEO DE HISTORIA NATURAL

NO 4, 1971

der of legs black, basesof fore and hind femora restrictediyyellowed.\7ings (fig. z) strongly darkened,especiallythe stigmal region; veins brown. Wings unu,zually broad, widest
gpposite_celllst A, Venation: R2 slightly oblique, placed far
distad,about twice Rl+2; r-//t on R4*t shortly before the fork;
cell 4,It present, small, shorter than its petiole; cell lst Mz
closed;ffi-cu at near one-thirdM3+4; a supernumerarycrossveinin cell 214sortly before level of vein Ja-z;cell 2ntl A broad.
Abdomen short, brownish black throughout. Male hypopygium (fig. 13) with the basistyle,b, and distisryle,d, firmly
united, with no evident suture; dististyleas illustrated, terminating in an outer narrow blade and an inner curved rod. Interbase,l, a slenderstraight rod, its apex with two or three srnall
setae.Phallosofre,P,compact, posteriorend with a central darkened lobe, on either side subtendedby small glabrous knob.
Holofype, rnale,Pucatrihue,Osorno Province,April 10 - 12,1968 (L. E. Peffa).
Regional speciesthat are allied to the present fly include
Pedicia (Tryc1,pltona)albicentra Alexander, Argentina; P, (f ,)guttistigma Alexander, Chile; P. (7.) pltaeostigma Alexander,
Argentina; and P. (7.) platyptera Al,exander,Chile. All of theseare distincts in the vying venation, especially the lack of L
supernumerarycrossveinin cell ,44.and in l,ypopygial structure
and conformationof the antennae.
The type locality, Pucatrihtre,in coastal Osorno Province,lrasproducedmany craneflies of unusualinterest.The ecologicalconditions found there have been discusedby Pefrain an outstanding paper that concerns chiefly the re-discoveryof theprimitive Mecopteran,Notiothaanta reedi M'Lachlan (L. E. Pefio). Natural history noteson Notiotbauma.Discovery[Peabody
Museum, Yale tlniversity] 4, I..1'.,
1: 43 - 44, photograph; Fall
1968).
H E X A T O M I N I
GYNOPI.ISTIA (DIRHIPIS) LUTEOLA sp. n.

General coloration of mesonotumgray, including the praescutalstripes;antennaeof male 22-segrnented,
u'itlr t'u.r'elvelong-Alexander, Ch. P.

LITTLE-KNOWN TIPULIDAEr)7branchedsegments;wings clear light yellow, entirelyunpatterned
except for tlre very pale brown stigma and restricted darker
brown sean'Isat extreme rving base and before arculus, veins
clear yellow.
Male: Lenght about 32 mm; wing 24 mm; antenna about
10 mnr; abdomenalone about 26 mm.
Rostrumlight brov'n, sparselypruinoseabove;palpi brownAntennae with scapeand pedicel yellow ;flagellum with segments uniformlv light brown on lower face, branchesnarrowly
blackened at bases,the remainder brownish yellow; antenna
the formula 2 +2+ 10*8; flagellar segments_one
22-segmented,
to tJelve rvith brancheslong-flagellifonn, their vestiture long
thirteenth segment*'ith a srnall tuberclecloseand conspicuous,to tip. Head brown, sparselypruinose.
Mesonotumalmoit solidly BILY,including the confluentpraescutalstripes,lateral bordersbrown. Pleuralight broy1, heavily
silvery griy pruinose ,darker gray ventrally, especiallyon thelower stirnopleurite. Halteres brown. Legs with coxaebrownish
yellow, heavily light gruy pruinose; trochantersobscureyellow;
ie-ot"
brownisli yello*, clearer yellow basally, outer end
slightly darker; rernainderof legs brownishyellow; claws small.
tVings clear light yellow, stigrnasolidly very pale brown; consseamsat extreme rn'ing base and in -Ptepicuous darker-bror,ry'nircular cells, no other darkeningson the otherwiseclear yellou'
veins. Veins behind R glabrouJ excepting a scatteredseriesof
trichia on distal half of outer section of vein Rt. Venation:
m-cu at near two-thirdsMr*4.
tergites
Abciomenvery long, as shown by the measuretnents;
reddish brou'n, vaguely more darkened sublaterally, extreme
lateral borderspale; sternitesbeyondthe basal segmentsalmost
uniformly dark brou'n to bror,r'nishblack. Male hypopygium
generally as in other membersof the subgenus.
Holotype, male, Pucatrihue,Osorno Province,February3 21, 1967 (L, E. Pefia).
The clear yellow wings ,including the veins, separatetheallpresent fly from the other known speciesof the _subgenu_s,
bf *'hich have the rvingsvariously patternedwith darker. Names

13S

ANALES DEL IUUSEO DE TIISTORIA NATURAL

NA 4, 1971

presently applied are Gynoplistia (Dirhipis) fusca laennicke,
G, (D.) riedeliana Enderlein, the subgenotype,and G, (D.).rtriatipennisltlexander, all being generallysimilar to one anotherand their exact relationshipsstilt poorly understood.Jaennicke
described his speciesas having fully-winged females rn'hereas
striatipennis has the wings of this sex greatly reduced in size.
In the coloration of the wings and the number of antennal
segmentsthe present fly agreesu'ell u'ith the description of
Gynoplistiaflauipennis (Philippi) n'hich still remainsunknosrn
to me. In size this fly is too small to pertain to the present
species,the female sex being 20 mm in lenght, the wing expanse
about 3, mm. In luteola the size is much greater (lenght 32
mm, u'ing expanseover 50 mm).
GYNOPLISTIA (GYNOPLISTIA) BASITARSALBAsP. n.
Figs. 8, 14

Sizerelativelylarge (u'ing of rnale about 20 mm); generalcolorationof body black, extensivelygraypruinose;antennaeof
male 22-segmented,
with 16 brar-rchedsegrnents;legs black, foreand hind basitarsi extensivelywhitened on proximal half ormore; wings brorvnish yellow, ape)r narrou'ly darker brorn'n,disk with conspicuousbrown spots at origin of Rs, stigma andover anterior cord; inner end of cell I st M2 strongly arcuated;male hypopygiumr,vithmesalfa-ceof basistyle'uvitirabundantlong
black setae;outer dististylea stout blackenedrod, its apex truncate; inner style longer, base large, triangular; phatiosome
including hvo porn'erfuldivergeni lrorns.
Male: Lenght about 19 - 21 rnur;rn,ing13 - 14 mm; antenna
abotrt4.8-5mm.
Rostrum light graf, u'ith long black setae; palpi black.
Antennae black, 22-segmented,the formula 2+2* L4* 4;flagellar segmentsone to fifteen r,vith long branches,thoseat midlength of organ longest, about sevenor eight tinres the
segtnent;branch of flagellar segment I5 short, subequalto or
slrorter than the segment. Head with Cisk above blackened,Alexander, Ch. P.

r39

LITTLE-KNO\(N TIPULIDAE

PLATE II

''fl
L5
14
Fig. 8. Paralinnophila dilltsior Alexander; venation.- Fig. 9. Paralirnnophila
tortilis Alexander; venation.- Fig. 10. Gynoplistia (Difbipis) salgadoi sP. n.i
venation.- Fig. 11. Elepbantomyia(ElepbantomYia)nipbopoda sP. n.; venation.
Fig. 12. Paralimnophilatortilis Alexander;male hypopygium.- Fig. 13. Gynoplistia(Dirbipisl salgadoisp.n.; antenna,male.- Fig. L4. Gyoplistia (Dirbipis) salgadoi
sp. n.; male hypopygium.- Fig. 15. ElephantomYia(ElepltantomYia)nipbopodab, basistyle;/, distisp. n.; male hypopygium.(Explanationof figures, a, aedeagus;p,phallosome',,, tergite).
style; g, gonapophysis;i, interbase;

1i0

ANALES DEL IUUSIO DE HISTORIA NATURAL

N9 4, 1977

heavily greypruinosein front and more conspicuously
on posterior vertex.
Pronoturn black on central part, sides light gray pruinose.
Mesonotal praescutumn'ith ground black, disk with four plurnbeous $ray stripes, the intermediate pair narrow, separatid bya broad ground area,lateral interspaces
with very small yellou'
setae;scutal lobes plumbeous,being a direct extensionof thelateral praescutalstripes,latenl ends of transversesuture very
shallow,mediansectionU-shaped,conspicuous;posieriorsclerites-pruinose,of notum black, pruinose. Pleura light g^ydorsopleural membraneblack. Halteres rvith stem dirk brorvn, knob
brou'nishblack. Legs rvith coxae and trochantersconspicr.rously-forelight gray; femora obscureyellow, outer trvo-thirdsof
andn-iiddle pairs broadly blacliened,more narror'.'11'
on pcsterior
femora; remainderof legs biack, fore basitarsiu'ith about theproximal half vrhite, posteriorbasitarsiand pro;<imalhvo-thriclsof secondsegment*'hitened,rniddle tarsi entirely btacti; in iLparatypeonly the fore bmitarsi are clearly 'n'hitened,the posterior pair more obscured,outer four tarsal segmentsuniforrnlv
black. N7ings (fig. s) strongly brorvnishyellon', apex narrowly
darker brou'n; a restrictedbut conspicuousbrou'niih black pattern, including spots at origin of Rs, stigma and the anteriorcord, much narrower on posterior cord zrnd outer end of cell
Lst Mz; veins black. Longitudinal veins unusuallyglabrous,Rt
with a seriesof trichia on outer half. Venation: Rz+?,+4 subequal to or about one-halflonger than basalsectionof R:; cell
Mr frorn about one-thirdto one-half its petiole; inner end oftlre elongate cell I st ilvIzconspicuouslyarcuated.
Abdomen elongate,black, first tergite gray pruinose; segments two to four, with base of five, polished black, outer
segmentsmore pruinoseto appearplumbeous;lrypopygiumblack.
Male hypopygium (fig. L4) u'ith posterior border of tergite
produced into two low lobes that a.re separatedby t shallcu'
emargination.Basistyle,b, with a strong outer lobe, mesal f.aceof style with abundantvery long black setae.Outer dististyle,d, stout, black, slightly widened outrvardly, apex truncate,innerapical angle slightly produced; inner sgle longer, base large,
triangular, outer half l slender stem, at end dilated into a
triangular head u'ith L storrt beak. Phallosorne,p, including

Alexander. Ch. P.

LITTLE-KNO\7N

TIPLILIDAE

1 i lpo'w,erfuldivelgent inner apophysesthat are much longer thantlre aedeagustogether rn'ith a pair of shorter bladelike laterale[ements.
Holotype, m:lle, Pucatrihue, Osorno Province, forested
coastalregion, February3 - 21, l)67 (L. E. Pefia). Paratopotypes,2 males,February3 - 24, 1967.
Gynoplisria (Gynoplistia) basirarsalltais readily told fromother regional specieshaving whitened tarsi by the large size,
number of antennalsegmentsand branches,and especiallythe
hypopygialstructure,including the outer distislyle.Suchspecies
witlr variegatedtarsi include G. (G.) leucopezaAlexanderand
G. (G.) uariPesAlexander.The large cell I st M2 of the wings
with the inner end conspicuously
arcuatedlikerviseis a featureof G. (G.) hylonympl:aAlexander,in hall other respectsan
entirely different fly.

GYNOPLISTIA (GYNOPLISTIA) BIARAI.ATA Alexander,forma
NIMBISIGNAnew

Fentale: Length about 30 mm; wing 22.5 mm; antenna
about 5.t mm.
Frontal prolongation of head light brown, pruinose above;
formulapalpi black. Antennaeblack throughout, 20-segmented,
2 + 2+ S+ 8; terminal segmentelongate,about one-fourthlonger
than the penultimate.Head reddish brown, heavily light g^ypruinose.
Pronotum brown, heavily pruinose. Mesonotal praescutum
light $Ly with four polishedbrownishblack stripes,the anterior
pair confluent anteriorly; pseudosutural foveae larg9 consscleritesof notum black, heavily light graypicuous; posteriorpruinose. Pleura brownish black, delicately silvery pruinose.
Haltereswith sternyellow, knob weaklydarkened.Legswith coxae
light grayishsilvery;trochantersbrown; femoralight yellow basally, apex and a broad band before midlength black, the two areas
sepaiatedby a mofe reddenedband; tibiae yellow, aPexvaguelydarker; tarii light yellowish brown, outer two segmentsdarker
brown. Nfings yellow, with a conspicuousbrown pattern that isheavier and hore conspicuousthan in forma sparsisigna,includ'r.i2

ANALLS DEL r\tUSEO DE HISTORIA NATI'RAL

N,, ,1, 1971

lng a broken band at origin oj 3r, interruptedin cell hI; a. large
irregular seam over cord and basesof outer radial cells; large
brown spotsat endsof veins R3 and Ra; isolatedsmaller daik
areasat neartwo-thirdsRr, in cell R at one-fifth the length, endof vein lst A and at midlength of cell znd A,
Abdominal tergites brown, very vaguely pattemed u'ith
paler, lateral borders narrowly buffy, bordered internallybv-'*'ithdarker brown; aterniteswith three reddish brown stripes,
a longitudinalyellou' line on either side of the centraldarkened
stripe.
Holotype, female, Pucatrihue,Osorno Province, forested
coastalregion,February3 - 2I, 1967 (L. E. Pefia).
GY N OPLISTIA ( GY N OPLISTIA ) BI ARAIAT A A'lexander,forma
SPIRS/.SIGNA new.

Female:Length about 27 mm; wing 2I mm; antennaabout
5 mm.
Frontal prolongation of head light brorn'n;palpi black.
Antennaewith scapelight bron'n, remainderblack, incisuresof
the more proximal flagellar segrnentsrestrictedlypale; 20-segmented,formula 2 +2* 8 * S; longestbranchabout four times
the segment,terminal segmentshort, subequalto the penultimate.
Pronotum reddish brou'n. Mesothorax discolored,chiefly
reddishbrown, graypruinose,the normal distributionof pruinosity not clearly discerniblein the unique type; pseudosutural
foveaereddened,inconspicuous;interpostnotalsutureand dorsal
border of anapleurotergitedarker brown. Halteres with stem
yellow, knob weakly infuscated.Legs with coxaereddishbrorn'n,sparsely pruinose; trochantersobscure yellow; femora yellow
basally, outwardly slightly darker, with indicationsof a clearer
ring at near midlength; tibiae and proximal three tarsa'l segments obscureyellow, tips narrowly darker, remainder of tarsi
brownish black. \il7ingsyellow, restrictedlypatternedwith lightbrown, including areasat origin of R.r,near outer end of cell R,
at an near cell l st M2, tipo of R3, fork of.Mr+2, tip of tst A
at and near end of vein 2nd A; stigma uniformly light brown;

Alexandcr. Ch. P.

I-I1'TLL-KNOWN TIPI II.IDAI:

1.',t3darker in the patternedparts. Venation: Rs
veins light bro\,,,l't,
long, rectangularat origin; ru-cuat near two-thirdst14i*a.
Abdorninal tergites brorn'n.sparselypruinose,lateral margins narrou-lypaie'r;siernitesdarker grayish brolt'n, posteriorbordersof intennediatesegmentsnarro\\'lypale.
I{olot1'pe, female, Pucatrihue,Osorno Province, forested
coastalregion,February3 - 2I, L967 (L. E. Pefia).
The present fly is distinguishedfrom typical Gynoplistia( Gynoplistia) biarmata Alexander, by the patternedwings, as
The someu'hatsimilar form describedearlier in thisdescribed.
paper as biarntatanintbisignadiffers chiefly in the nature of
the wing pattern as described.
GYNOPLIST'IA (GYNOPLISTIA) CONCHYLIATA
Figs. 9, 1t

sP. n.

Disk of praescutumu'ith three confluent polished black
stripes,scutallobessimilarlypolished,remainderof thorax gra.yand polishedblack; abdomenblack, basal segmentswith strong
rvith 14
purple reflections; antennaeof male 2O-segmented,
branchedsegments;halteresblack; legs black, fore fernorawith
basesnarro*'ly brightened,posterior tibia with a broad obscureyellorv ring at near midlength; wings strongly darkened,withdarker brou'n spots at origin of Rr, anterior cord and stigma;
veins beyond cord unusuallyglabrous; male hypopygiumwith.eighth sternite bearing two strong rylindrical lobes; distisfles
slender,subequalin length, outer style bidentateat apex, innerstyle terminatingin a small obtuseblade;phallosomewith gonapophysesunusuallysmall, appearingas brown blades.
Male: Length about L3.5 - L4 mm; wing 1L - 12 mm;
antennaabout 3 - 3.L mm.
Rostrumblack, gralypruinose;palpi and mouthpartsblack.
the foimala 2+2+L2+4, black
Antennaeof male 20-segrnented,
throughout; longest branchesmore than one-third the entire
antenna;Iast branch very small, subequalin length to the segment. Head polishedblack.
Prothorax dull black, heavily pruinose, with long white1 r lANALI:S DIL

IIT,.SIO DIJ HISTORIA NATI'RAL

i . t } - trsetaeon sidesof scutum,the latter u'ith a deeptransverse
furrou'at near midlength, scutellumlongitudinally irnpressedmedially.
Mesonotal praescutumwith disk almost covered by three confluent polished black-stripes,humeral and lateral areas-graypruinose,providedwith silverywhite setae,pseudosutural
foveaeoval, conspicuous;scutal lobes polished black, central area graywith a. capillary black median line; scutellum and postnotum
black. Pleura black, conspicuouslygra.ypruinose on anepisternum and pteropleurite,ventral sternopleurite
morepolishedblack.
Halteres black. Legs with coxae black, Etay pruinose;trochanters brownish black; remainderof legs black, fore femora narrowly brightenedbasally; posterior tibia u'ith t broad obscureyellow ring at near midlength,subequalin extent to the darkened base,slightly more extensivethan the apex. \flings (fig. 9)strongly darkened,u'ith still darker brown spots at origin of
R:r, anteriorcord and stigma;veins brown. Veins posteriorto R
glabrouswith the exceptionof a few scatteredtrichia on distal
sectionof Rl. Venation:R2+3+'{ shorterthan basalsectionof
R:; cell Mr about twice its petiole; ln-cn at or shortly before
midlength of IVII+4.
,dbdomen black, proximal segmentswith strong purple
reflexions, outer segments,including hypopygium,more obscured by a faint pruinosity.Male hypopygium (fig. lt) with posterior border of tergite,t, bearingtwo small lobes,lateral margins with long black setae .Eighth sternite,8s, with posteriorborder bearing two widely separatedcylindricallobes,their tips.
with long setae.Dististyles,d, subequalin length outer stylegradually narrowedoufward|y,apex bidentate;inner sytle withbasal three-fifths broad ,outer portion slender,apex an obtuse
decurved blade. Phallosome,P, with gonapophysesunusuallysmall, appearingas brown blades,inner plates of phallosome
larger, blackened.
Holotype, male, 30 km northeast of Villarrica, Cautin,
male.
Clrile, JanuaryI - 30, L96J (L. E. Peiia). Paratopotype,The most similar speciesis Gynoplistia (Gynoplistia) tristilIata Alexander,still known to me only by the type female.Thisi s a smaller fly u'ithout purple colorationon the abdomen,theAlcxarrcler.Ch. P.

LITTLE-KNO\flN

1it

TIPTTLIDAE

halteresyellow with u'eakly darkenedknobs,and with the legs
brownishyellow to light brown, tre female sex u'ith the antenIn the present
with eight branchedsegments.
nae 17-segmented,
yellou' ring at near midlfly the black legs with a conspicuous
ength of the posteriortibia provi'desstrong characters.
GYF'{OPLIST'IA(GYNOPLISTIA) COSTOSPILOTA sP. 11.
Irigs.10, 16.
Size large (wing of male neady 20 mm);abdomen very

long; generalcolorationof bodyyellowed,patternedwith brown;with 11 branchedsegments;
antennaeof male 16-segmented,
femora light brown, outer end more yellowedand enclosinga
narrow pite brown ring; u'ings brownishyellow, anterior thirdu'ith an- abundantbro'*'n pattern that includesabout a dozen
nearly circular spotsin cell C, posteriorwing cells sparselypajterned;abdomenobscureyellow, stripedlongitudinallyrT'ithpale
brown; male hypopygiumrvith basistyleterminatingin two stout
lobes, the distiltylei placed in the emargination;outer styleterminatingin an acuteblack spine.
Male: Length about 28 mm; n'ing lp rnm; autennaabout
5 mm.
Rostrum light brorvn, silvery pr,uinose;palpi brownish
black. Antennal of male presumably19 segmented,terminal
brokenin type,formula 2+2+9+ ?; dark brown,-Prosegments
xiiral ftageltar segmentspaler; longestflagellar branchesabout
one-fourtf,the entite antlnna; branchesglabrousexcept for ^their
few strongblack setaeat tip; three outer segments_simple,
combinedlength about equal to the last branch.Head brown.
with a heavykhitened piuinosity; setaeof genaeand sidesof
posteriorvertexlong, Yellow.
Pronotum orange brown, heavily pruinose; scutum with abroad darker brown-centralstripesand a O shapedlateral Lte .
patterned,includMesonotalpraescutumyellowed,conspicuously
irg a tt"ttb* central dark brown vitta on anterior half and
br6ad more chestnutareasin the humeral region; posteriorhalf
of praescutummore olive grailtpartially obliterating the central

ri6

ANALES DIL TruSEO DF. HISTORIA NATT:RAL

N'l 4. I97I

vitta; posterior scleritesof notum brownish yellow, very heavily
whitened pruinose;mediotergitewith ^ narrow darkenedline.
Pleura dark brown on dorsal half, pale brown ventrally, with anarrow whitened stripe on the dorsal sternopleuriteand ventral
pteropleurite;meral region with a small more blackenedspot.
Halteres with stem whitened,knob dark brown, the apex paler
brown. Legs u'ith coxaepale brown, heavily pruinose,posterior
coxae darker apically; trochantersbrownisr yellow; fernora light
enclosinga narrow brou'n subbrown, outer end more yellorn'ed,
terminal ring that is subequalto the yellow apex; tibiae moreyellowed,tarsi yellowed,darker at tip; tibial spur formula L - 2 2, spurs reddenedbasally,the long tips blackened.\7ings (fig.
10) brorvnishyellow, anterior thrid with an abundant brownpattern, the remainder restrictedlymarked, stigma yellow, theendsblackened;cell C with about a dozennearlycircular brownspots, cell Sc unmarked; radial field conspicuouslypatterned,
including transverseinterconnectingmarks at origin and outerend of Rs, with smaller areasat and around the stigma in cells
Rl, R2 and R3; outer ends of. radial cells darkenedalong costa;
scatteredbrown areasalong veins Mr +2, including the fork of
Mr +z; a single brown spot at nearmidlength of cell Cu; sparsebrown spotsin Anal cells;cell 214unpatterned;veinslight bron'n.
Venation: Rs long, R2+ t +4 short, about two-thirds the basal
section of. R5 m and r-m short to lacking, as figured; rn-cu tt
near two-thirds M\.va; vein Cuz apparentlylacking.
Abdomen very long; obscureyellow with narrow but conspicuouslongitudinal brown stripes.Male hypopygium (fig. 16)
with the tergite, t, extensive,posterior border subtruncate,withabundant yello'*' setae.Basistyle,&, terminating in two stout
lobes, the dististylesin the emargination,mesal f.acenear basewith L smaller low protuberance.Outer dististyle,/, glabrous,
narrowed on an acute black spine; inner style much stouter,outer end gently curved, tip obtuse. Phallosome,p, including
stout apophys€s,8, and the slenderaedeagus,a, that is subtented
by subtriangular blades.
Holotype, male, 30 km northeast of Villarrica, Cautin,
Chile, December16 - 3L, 1964 (L. E. Pefia).
The most similar species are Gynoplistia (Gynoplistia)
penanaAlexander, from El Coignal, Chile, and G. (G.) scha-Alexander. Ch. P.

LII'TLE-KNO\flN

TIPLILIDAT:

TT7

cbouskoyanalxlexander,from Neuquen,Argentina, especiallythe
latter. Roth speciesliave the darkenedlPots in the costal cell,tlrese iacking-in penana.The present fly is smaller, with thedarkenedrving pattern distinctive,lacking in cell M and greatly
the male antenreducedin the iubital cell. In scl:ac/toaskolta72a
nae are l9-segmentedand it is presumedthat the same condition existsin the presentflY.

E R I O P T E R I N I
Aphropbila ilridirterais Alexand'er.
Apbrophila aeridineruis Alexan,der; Rev. Chi'lena Hist. Nat., 3 8 :rt8 - r79, fi}. (venation); 1934.
Aphrophila ueridinerais Alexander; Rev. Ch,ilena de Ent., 3: T 7 ,fig. L2 (male hypopygium); 1953.

As indicated in the L9t3 referencegiven above the twosexesof this fty differ markedly in colorationof the body andwings, especiallythe latter. The femalehas the veins lig_hfgreen
u'heieas[he nrale shorvsno indicationof this color and has thewings evidentlypatterned,including a continuousdarkenedseam
ovei virtually the entire length of vein Cu. The principal series
available to me is from Aucar, Chiloe Island, Chile, collected
January6 - T5, 1952 by Pefia. Although the two sexeshave notbeen capturedin copula there seemsto be no questionbut thata single speciesis represented.
Eriopterellapilosipes (Alexander).
2ehil;ppiana-piloslper Alexander; Diptera Patagonia andSouthChile, t: t77 - 178, plate 5, fig. 98 (venation); erroneusas fig. 99, duplicate;L929.
ly given
Erioptera(Eriopterella) Alexander;samereference,L: 196;
1929.
\7ith the accessionof the male sex the speciestentatively
placed in Philippiana now is recognizedas belonSi"S to EriopTerella.The mi[erials are from Chile, Cautin, 30 km northeastof Vil,larrica, January1 - 30, L96r, taken by Pefra.
Eriopterella breaiseta (Alexander) likewise was describedin Neoph;l;pp;ora Alexander,the replacementname f.or Philip-

1.18

ANALES DEL IIUSEO DE HISTORIA NATI.IRAL

N'

i. I97I

piana Alexander, preoccupied(Papeis Avulsos de Zoologia, 2l:
89 - 90; 1968).
Both Eriopterellabreaisetaand E. pilosipesue readily told
from the genotype, Eriopterella jaffueli (Alexander) by their
entirely unpatterned wings. The hypopygial structure is very
similar in all knorvn species.
CRYPTOLABIS(CRYPTOLABIS)PENAI sp. n.
Figs.L7, 18
Generalcolorationof head and torax brownish black, pronotumand dorsopleuralmembraneyellowed; wings light brown, outercells with abundant trichia, Rs in longitudinal alignment ruith
vein Rt; male lrypopygium with outer dististyle large and complex, on its face rvitir a comb of sevenor eight microscopicspines
or teeth; phalloscmeincluding lateral darkened spatulate apo-

physes.
Male: Length about 3.8 mm; u,ing 4.5 mm; antennaabout
0.8 mm.
Rostrum and palpi brown. Antennae dark brown. Headbrownish black.
Pronotum and dorsopleuralmembraneyellowed, remainderof thorax chiefly polished brownish black, scutellum yellou'ed.
Halteres with stem brown, the basepaler, knob chiefly obrureyellow. Legs with coxae brown, trochanters obscure yellow;
remainderof legs brown; vestitureof tibiae and tarsi long but
subappressedand relatively inconspicuous.Wings (fig. L7)
almost uniformly light brown, veins and puncturesof trichia
darker brown. Cells of u'ing u'ith abundant trichia in centers
except at outer ends, their position indicated in figure by stippli.g. Venation: Rr relatively long, in alignment with vein R:;
R2+1+4 arcuated,subequalto R2 q3; r-m at fork of R-r.
Abdominal tergites and hypopygium dark brown, sternites
slightly paler. Male hypopygium (fig. 18) about as sho'n'n.
Outer dististyle, /, large and complex in structure, ofl outermargin with a darkened knob, inner border with a smaller
similar protuberancethat bearsa comb of sevenor eight micros-Alexander.Ch. P.

LITTTE.KNO\flN

T.I9

TIPULIDAE

PLATE III

d

?)

I

fi-nrt.
79

20

Fig. 16. Gynoplistia (GynoPlistia) aeqaidentatdsP. n.; venation.- Fig. L7. GYno(Gynoplistia-plinia)(GinoPlisia) tergogibbosasp. n.; venation.- Fig. L8. GTnoplistia(Gynoplistia)
lp.
Gynoplistia
aequidentatdsp. n.; male hypopygium.- Fig.
biarmataAlexander;male hypopygium.- Eig.2O. Gynoplistia (Gynoplistia) postica
Alexander; male hypopygium.- Eig. 21. Gynoplistia (Gynoplistia) tergogibbosa&, basistyle;4 distisp. n.; male hypopygium.(Explanationof figures, a, aeiJ,eagrts;p,tergite).
phallosome;,'style; g, gonapophysis;l, interbase;

1t0

ANALES DEL MUSEO DT IJISTORIA I{ATI'RAL

N'I .i. 11)71

coplc teeth more basally;distal part of style narrowed,at apex
u,ith a separatepaler flap bearing abundantsetulae: inned siyle
a much smaller clavate lobe, the apex with conspicuoussetae.
Plrallosone,P, including lateral darkenedspatulateapophyses,
their tips expandedinto oval blades; aedeaguselongaie,^
relatively slender.
Ho'lotype, male, 30 km northeast of Villarrica, Cautin,
Clrile, JanuaryI - 30, L96t (L. E. Peffa).
The speciesis dedicatedto the collector,sefiorLuis E. Pefia,
outstandingstudent of the Tenebrionidae,particularly of theChilean fauna. Other regional speciesthat hive the hypopygial
phallosome with spatulate gonapophysesinclude Cryptolabis(Criptolabis) atmophora A,lexander and C. (C.) spatulatct
Alexander, both quite distinct from the present fly in the conformation of the outer dististyle.These specieshave been figuredin the author's treatment of the Tipulidae in the Diptera ofPatagon'iaand South Chile, figares 227 and 2iO; 1929.
MOLOPHILUS(A,OLOPHILUS) BREVILOBATUSAlexander
Fig. 19

Molopbiht (Molophilu)
breuilobatur Alexander; Rev. Chilena
Hist. Nat., 42: 281 - 282; 1938.

The types \\'ere from Villa Portales,Pinaresde Lonquimay,
1600 meters+collectedJanuary 22 - 23, 1938, bv Dillman S.
Bullock. One further male, Cordillera Las Raices,\7esi Lonquimay, 1.100meters,taken December28, 1967,by Pefia.
The further noteson the hypopygiumare basedon the latter
specimen.Male hypopygium (fig. 19) generallyas in M. (M.)
clauigerusAlexander, differing in all details.Basisgle,&, rvith
apex broadly obtnse,provided with numerolrsvery long yellou'
setaethat are curved on outer ends, the longest nearly equalin length to the inner dististyle;shortly before apex on mesal
face with a long lobule that is tipped with shorter yellow setae;
mesal face of style near basewith denseabundantyellow setaeof moderate length. Both dististyles,d, pointed at tips, outerstyle longer, slightly dilated beyondmidlength, thencenarrowed
into a long slenderspine, outer margin of expandedpart with

Alexande:.Ch. P.

LII'TLI-KNOU/N TIPTILIDAE

1tl

a linear irnpressionor channel;inner sry,ledilated on basal third,
thencesuddenlynarron'ed,the blackenedapex slightly enlarged,
terminating in a short acute spine. Aedeagus,A, n non'ed out'
rvardly, apex very slender.
MOLOPHILUS(I/|'OLOPHILUS)DIACANTHUS sp. n.

Belongs to the plagiatus grouP; size large (wing and bodyof male about 6 mm) ; palpi and antennaeblack; mesonotum
almost uniformly brou'nishblack, dorsopleuralregion yellowed;
apex of halter yellowed; legs mediun brown; male hypopygiumwith basal dististyleunequallybispinousfrom a very short base,outer spine shorter and more slender,with tvro or three microscopic ippressedspinulesbefore tip; aedeaglrslong and slender.
Male: Lengtl-rabout (> mm; wing 6.2 mm; antennaabout
1.6) mm.
Rostrum brov'nish black, palpi black. Antennae black; flagellar segmentslong-oval,progressivelymor: slenderoutwardly.
*ittt very long black verticils,the oppositeface of segmentwith
short erectyellow setae.Head 9tay.
more abr-rndant
Pronotal scutum brown, more grayish medially; pretergites
and dorsopleural membrane conspicu_olslyl-ight yellow. . Mesonotum almost uniformly brownish black, humeral region ofpraescutumrestrictedlymofe )'ellowed;mesonotalvestiturerelaPleuraand postnotummore.plumtively short and inconspicuous.
beousblack, setaeof pteropleuralregion yellow, lot g and conspicuous.Haltereswitli stem pale brown, knob paling to.obscureyellow, the apex narrou,ly clear yellorv. Legs with coxaeblackened; trochanterslight brorvn; remainder of legs medium brown,ooi., tarsal t.g.-tttt more blackened.\fings with a weak brownish tinge, stigiral region more yellowed; veins llght blo*": with
ab,rndinl lo"ng broinisr black trichia. Venation: R2 shortly
beyond level 6f ,-nr; petiole of cell z14lsliSh-tlyless than twice
the gently sinuous*-in; vein 2nd A long, ending about opposite
otne-third the petiole of. cell M3.
Abdomen^black; tergites with long erect pale vestiture'r52

ANALES DEL MUSEO DE HISTORIA NATIIRAI.

N(' ,i,,1971

Male hypopygium (fig. zo) r,vithbeak of basisryle,b, unusuallylong and slender,gently decurved.outer dististy,le,d, with outerarm more slenderand slightly longer than the inner arm; basal
dististyle distinctive,including fwo long unequal spinesfrom a\reryshort base,both spinesacutelypointed,thb outer one shorterand more slender, before apex rvith trvo or three micrcscopic:
appressedspinules,inner spine broadeston proximal tri'o-thirds.
Aedeagus,-d,.]o.ngand_slender,of equai tliicknessthroughout,about one-half longer than the basal dististyle.
type, male, Cordillera Las Raices,\Xrest Lonquinray,,Clrile, 1.t00 meters.December28, 1967 (L. E. pefia).
Other regional speciesthat have the basal dististyleof the
hypcpygium bispinous and the base very short itnclude A,Iolopltilus (A4olophilus) ozotus Alexander, A4. (M,) serrulatu.r
Alexander, Ar. (AI:) setosistylusAlexander, A(* (M,) sparsispinus Alexander,and severalothers that were described"nd fig,rred by the writer in the Diptera of Patagoniaand South Cl"rile,
Part I, figures 236 tbrough 224; L929.A,ll of thesediffer fromtlre present fly in their smaller size, different colorational
patterns, and in details of h1'popygialstructure, particularly thebasal dististyle.

AIOLOPHILUS (MOLOPHILUS) DISTIREMT]S sp. n.
Iig. 2I- Relongs to the plagiatus groupr allied to pretiosus; size
relatively large (rl'ing of male in casesto about 5.t mm);general coloration of thorax orange yellow, darker in somespecimens;male hypopygium with basal dististyle a long s,lenderrod, the outer half more expanded into a. blade, thJ margin
with numerous subappressedteeth; phallosomic plate elongateshieldshaped;aedeagusstout and stiaight, smooth.
fuIale: Length about 4 - 5 mm; r'ing 4.2 - 5.8 mm; antenna
L.5 - L6 mm.
- Ros_trumyellow; palpi brownish black. Antennae with scapeTd pedicel ligtt brorn'n, flagellum black; flagellar segments
long-oval. Head yellowish brown, sparsely gray pruinose.Pronotum yellow, pretergites clearer yellow. Mesothorax

Alexander. Ch. P.

LITTLE.KNOWN TIPTILIDAE

tr?,almost uniformly orange or orange yellou', central-region of
darker. Some.specimensare darker brorvn,
praescutumsl,iglitly"pleura,the dorsopleuralregion 3nd lateral Pra'
including the
escutalSordet .'l."t.t yellou'. Halteres /ellou'. Legs with coxae
and trochantersyellou'i femorayellon',slightly darkeroutwardly;
tibiae and basitarsibrou'nishyellou',outer tarsalsegmentsbrown'\Wings yellow, prearcularand costal fields clear liSht yel!o1';.,reins"
darker yeliorn',trichia light brown. Venation: R2 slightly
beyondlevel or r-m; petiole of-cell zll3 somervhatlessthan twice
the oblique,n-cu;,t.it 2nd A shortlybeyondbaseof MJ*4.
AbJominal tergites light brown, sternitesTd-hypopygiuy
yellowed.Male hyp"opygiuir(fig. zt) wjth beak of basisyli, b:
short, blackened.'b"i.-t dististyle simple, aPeI obtuse' Basal
dististyle,d., dtstinctive,appearingas a long slenderrod, the outerhalf rnot. expandedinto " btud., its margin with-approximately
teeth, the more proximal ones slender
2t to 3O ,ubuppr.ssed^f"..
of blade with microscopicpunctures andand crorvded;
numerousscabrouspoints. Phallosomicplate, p, elongate-shieldshaped, broadest o., basal half, narrowed to the obtuse t1P'
A.ie"gu s, d, stout and straight, the enclosedpenis slender,theouter half not scabrous, -T alca, Chile ,1.050 meters'
Holotype, male, Los Cipreces
males andParatopotypes,
JanuaryI3--'L5, 19(rS(L. E. Pefia).
fernales.
The most similar speciesis Molophilus (MolopbiQs) pr:tiosusAlexander,u,hich^hasthe phallbsomicplate-of.the malehypopygium much t6e same but^with the bisal dististyle andaedeagusquite distinct.
M7L7PHILUS(M)L)PHILUS)NE?PANSUSsp.n.
Fig. 22
Belongs to the plagiatu.fgrouP; general coloration of mesonotum broin, posterioi scleritesl4i9t".d with yello'uri wings
moderatelyini.rscated,petiole of ctlt M3 aboutone-third longer
a strong
than /n-c,/; male hypopygium"at with the basal dististylenear two-fifths th9 length, the longrod with a lateral li,iti.
spines;axial rod bispinousat apex,surfacewith small aPPressed
phallosomicplate emarginate,setiferous'

I'I

ANALES DEL I{LISEO DE HISTORTANA]I:RAL

N" 1, I9t I

Male: Length about 3.5 mm; wing 4 rnm.

Head broken.Pronotalscutumbrown,scutellumand pretergites yellorn'.Mesonotal
light brown, broacllyi"rk.,-praescutum
brown on sides,humeralregion still Lighter, posteriorscrerites
of notum brown, parascutella
and ple.ritergite more yellou,ed.
Pleurabrown, dorsopleuralregion oir..rr. yJlo*,. Hartlres withstem bro*nish,yellon',..paler-basaily,
krrot bros,n. Legs rvith
coxaeand trochanterslight yellow; remainderof legs"brok.n.
wjng: moderatelyinfuscated,_especiallyin the stigmil region;veinslight brov'n.venation: Rz ilightly distadof ievel of r_n;basalsectionof R: oblique;petiore"ofcell Mi aboutone-tlrird
lorrg.-rthan nt-cu.
Abdomendark J:rornn, hypopygiumslightly more bros,'ishyellow; dististyler h/popygium brackeneJ.Male hypopygium?f(fii}. zz) rvith beakof baiistyle,b, slender.outer aisii#i", ,1,
with arms very unequal;basalstyle distinctive,proximai tn ofifths -stouter,at this poj.n1peging a slenderlat'erLlspine,outer
three-fifths narro\\/er,-divided ui "p.* into tw,o lo^"g spines,
surfaceof stylewith smalrappressed
points.phallosorfri.'plot.,p, conspicuously
emarginate,ietifero.rs.
^. .. Hglo9pe, male, 30 km. .ortheast of Villarrica, Cautin,
Chile,January| - 1,O,196, (L. E. pefia).
The most similar species
pansus-the is Molophilus (Motophilus)'ofAlexander, which hasbasal-diitistyleth; Irypopygium
somewhatsimilar in generalconformation,with the longei arm
bispinou:
lt ."p.x. In this speciesthe majorarm of the"styleis
only slightlylongerthan thJlateral spineand lacksthe appressedII
spinulesover the surface,as in the presentfly.
MOLOPHILUS (MOLO?HILUS) SUBHONESTUSsp. n.
Fig. 23. Belongs-to the plagiatasgroyp, allied to honestus;generalcoloration of mesonotumdark blown, humeral regiori lightyellow;.pleura dark brown above,paler brown ventraTly,dorsal
sternopleurite
vaguelyyellowed;haitereswith stemyellow, knob
orange;malehypopygiurnwith basaldististylestout,witn a latenl

Alexander.Ch. P.

LITTLE.KNO\rN TIPULIDAE

rr5

PLATE IV\,

Fig. 23. Apbropbila
Fig. 22. Neopbilippiana breaiseta Alexander; venation.amblydonta sp. n.; venation.- Fig. 24. Apbrophila anblydonta sP. n.; ovipositor,
cercus.- Fig. 25. Cryptolabi.r (Cryptolabis) pballostena Alexander; venation.Fig. 26. Cryptolabis (CryPtolabis) pballostena Alexander; male hypopygiom.Fig. 27. Molopbilas (MoloPbilas) breaisect,lssp. n.; male hypopygium.- Fig. 28.
Molopltilas (Molophilas) hecate sp. n.; male hypopygiurn.- Fig. 29. Molophilas(MoloPbiltts) pergracillimas sp. n.; male hypopygium.- Fig. 30. Molophilts(MotoPbilas) pastoris Alexander; male hypopygium.Fig. ,t. Molopbilu(Explanation(Molophilus) stenorhabda Alexander; male hypopygium.
of figures,a, aedeagus;&, basistyle; d, dististyle; g, gonapophysis; p, phallosomic structure;t, tergite.

r56

ANAI.IS DIL NTUSEODE HISTORIA NATT-IRAL

N9 .f, 1971

spine at near rnidlength, the longer outer arm rvith :r compact
spines.
comb of four subappressed
Male: Lengtl-rabout 4.5 mm; u'ing I mm.
Rostrum and palpi dark brou'n. Antennae with scapeand
pedicel light brown, flagellum brownish black (outer segments
broken). Head brownish yellow.
Pronotum yellow, with conspicuousbrown setigeroLrs
Punctriangles
withhumeralpraescutum
Mesonotal
scutum.
tures onlight yellow, disk with three confluent dark brown.stripes; scutal lobes grayish brown, central region and scutellum clearer
grrly; postnotum black, pruinose,-cephalice.ndof interpostnotal
Iuture^broadlyyellow. Pleura dark brown above,ventral sternopleurite and meron paler, dorsalsternopleuritevaguelyyellowed'i{alteres u'ith stemligftt yellow, knob orange. Legs -with -coxaebrou,nishyellow, trochantersdarker yellow; remainder of legs
broken. Wings yellow, veins darker yellow. Venation: Basal section of Ra*-t ihort, in longitudinal alignment with Rs, basal
sectionof R: about twice as-long; petiole of cell zll3 about one
and one-half.nt-cu.
Abdomen brown, hypopygiummore yellowed. Male ltypopygium (fig. 23) generaliyis in bonestus,the stem of the basal
hifiittyt. , ai b"S "-ndstooi, lateral spineelongate,-slender,.placedat near midleng"thof style; outer aim longer and more slender,
terminating in 1 straigtht spine, immediatelybefore this with ashort .o-E of four subappiessedslightly smaller.spines.
Holotype, male, Taii-del valle, Tucuman,sgentina, altitude 2'2oc;heters' January 30' L9fi (P, wygodzinsky)' 'The most similar tp..i.s is Molophilus (Molophi\s).ltonestus Alexanderwhich similarty has the stem of the basal dististyleelongate, differing especially in the arrangement and relative
proportions of the outer branchesof this style'1t7

Valparaiso,Chile

NE\T OR LITTLE.KNO\TN TIPULIDAE FROMCHILE AND PERU(DIPTERA: TIPULIDAE)CHARLES P. ALEXANDER
Amherst, Massachusetts

P ar tIII

at this time are fromSUMMARY.- The crane flies driscussed
Chile where they were capturedby sefiorLuis E. Pefia,outstandingcollecto,rof insectsin many orders.I am gre rly indebtedto him for theprivilege of retaining the types of the various new speciesin theAlexanderCollectionof theseflies.

T I P L T L I N A E
ISCHNOTOMA PERACUTA qp. n. (Fig. a)Allied to fagetorilnz; size large (wing of male nearly 2,mm.); male hypopygiumwith tergal lobes term'inatingin shortneedlelikepoints, setaeof the lobes extending to outer margins
or virtually so.
Male: Length about 22 mm; wing 24., mm.; antennaabout
4 mm.
Frontal prolongation of head black, nasus elongate,palpi
black. Antennae black, apex of pedicel reddened;first flagellar
segmentsubequalin length to scape.Head variegatedwith lightpr.ayand brownish black areas,the former including the narrow
orbits and a transverseband behind the conspicuousvertical
tubercle,occiput narrowly reddened.

15S

ANALI:S DI:L r\ttlSEO DL IJISl'Ol{lA NA'I'I'RAL

N1,.!. teTl

Pronotum blackened,sublaterally gray pruinose.Mesonotal
praescutumu'ith four dark gray stripes thit are conspicuously
rnarginedby black, posteriorinterspac'es
light grt\,,,u'iclenedat
suture,the latter u'ith a darkenedcentral area that is extended
into a point behindat t--earrnidlengthof the scutum;scutallobes
Bray,s,ith three blackenedareas,the inner pair contiguous;scutellum gray; postnotum dark plumbeous gioy, mediotergite
tumid, katrpleurotcrgiteconspicuously
light gtiy. pleura blacFened, gray pruinose;dorsopleuralregion bright orange
yellor,,,,in-stem
fuscatedanteriorly at the spiracle.Halt..ies 'w'ith
yellox,.
'*,ithknob brownishblack. Legscoxaebleckened,grry pruinose;
renrainderof legs black. Wings patternedgenerallyas irt fagctorttnt, the darkenedareasmore extensive,especiallybefot. .&din the cubital and :rnalcells;seamsat veins at and2nd A broad,ceILMa almost uniformly darkened;triangular darkenedarea inouter end of cell I st A conspicuous;veins brown. Venation: Rs
straiglrt and oblique, as in f agetorut??;
cell R3 very narro\r atrnidlength, cell A,1'1long and narrorn'.
Basal_tergitebrownish gray, segmentst\,,,oto four orange.
narrowly darkenedmedially, lateral margins clear light yellow;
basalsternitesmore obscureorange,outer segmentsdark brownt9 appearplumbeous.Male hypopygium(Eig. 'in) with tergite,r.
distinctive, narrowed outwardly, terminating
lL depiessedflattened blade, its apex with L broad lou,- emarginatior-r,
thetriangular lateral lobes extendedinto short needlelike points,
aPicalmalgins of lobeswith densesetae;dorsalsurfaceof-tergal
plate with a broad V-shapeddarkening at base of the blade,the setaeat and behind thi,sarea very abundantbut small, outwardly on the blade becomingmore sparseand progressively
longer. .Dististyles,d,_rs figured. The tergites of typical-are fogrtgrum (Fig. 4A) and its race tranculata (Fig. 48)
shoin
for comparisonwith the presentfly; in thesethe extremeoutermargins of the tergal lobes are obtuse to subtruncate,glabrous.
Holotype, male, Hornohuinco,Llanquihue,Chile, December
1968.

Alexander, Ch. P.

LITTLE-KNO\fN

lt9

TIPIILIDAE

L I M O N I I N I
LIMONIA(DICRANOMYIA)
CERBEREANA Alcxander( Fig. 1)

Limonia (Limonia) cerbereanaAlexander; Diptera of Patagoniaand
South Chile, L: 87, figs. 16 (venation), 177 (male hypopygium); L929-

The unique type, a male,was from Correntoso,Lake NahuelHuapi, Rio Negro Territory, Argentina. In the interveningy€ars
only-a few further specimenshave been seenby the writer, theseadding some further information on structure: Th9 species
originally was placed in the subgenusl-intonia, based on theextreme length bf vein Sc of the wings, but mole recently withmore emphasisbeing placed in hypopygio] structure it appears
more coriectly assignedto the subgenusDicranontTlaStephens.
havecell I st M2 of the wings
All recentlycollectedspecimens
closed (Fig. 1) and it now aPPearsthat the open.conditionof
an abnormalconcellMz'as describedin the holotyPerePresents
dition. The unusuallylong veinsSc and Rs in this speciesshouldbe emphasized.The hypopygium of the type male as figured
showei two rn'idelysepirated rostral spineson the ventral stylebent into a shortand the mesal-apicallobe of the gonaPoPhysis
hook. In the secondmale now availablethe lobe of the apophysis
is much straighter and the rostral spinesare three in number
and only moderatelyseparated.Both of these males have thesarne diitinctive aedeagusand Lfe consideredas being consPecific.
Additional records.One female Contulmo, Palo Botado,
Arauco February2, L953 (Pefia). One male, one female,Northeast of Volcan Calbuco, 2O0 meters, January 2L - 22, L969
(Pefia).
LIMONIA (DICRANOMYIA) cHLoRoTIcA (Philippi)(Fie. t)LimnobiacbloroticaPhilippi; verh. zool. bot. Ges.

'wien,

15:

6L4; L865.
Limonia (Dicranomyia) chlorotica Alexander; Diptera of Patagonia and South Chile, l,: 97; 1929.

r60

ANALES DEL }IIjSLO D[HISTORIA NAfIIRAL

N9 .i. 1971

Philippi'sunique [pe, a female,was coliectedby FerdinandPaulsenat an unspecifiedlocalityin Chile. The Edwards-Shannon
collectionsof. tgz6 lackedthis speciesbut more recentmaterials
taken by Pefiaincludedthe unknown male r,r'hichis here characterized as allotype.
hlale: Length about 9 mm.; lving 11 mm.; antennaabout
1.8 mrn.
Charactersabout as in the female as clescribedby Philippi,
including the rusty yellorv coloration of the thorax rvith ?L
single rn'eli-definedbrown praescutalstripe, the usual lateraldarkeningsbeing virtually obsolete,especiallybehind.The lightgreen tints are very persistent,especiallyon the halteresand on
the coxae,trochantersand femoral bases.
Male hypopygium (Fig. t) with the posterior border oftergite,t, very shallor,vlyemarginate,eachlow lobe u'ith numerous
pale setae.Basistyle,b, small,its arealessthan one-thirdthe large
fleshy ventral dististyle,/, the dorsal style a small sickle thatnarrowsvery gradually into a long point; ventral dististylewithrostral prolongation very small, the two black spines subequal
to or longer than the entire prolongation ,placedclose togetlrer,
decussatenear their bases.
Allotype, male, Los Cipreces,Ta\ca, Chile, 1010 meters,
JanuaryL3 - 15, L968 (Pefia). One female,Pucatrihue,Osorno,
Clrile,April Lo - 12, Lg68 (Pefia).
LIMONIA (ZELANDOGLOCHINA)MINIATA A'lexander
Limonia (Zelandoglocbina) miniata Alexander; Diptera of Patagonia and South Chile, 1: 84 - 85; 1929.

This speciessuperficially resemblesLinronia (Geranornyia)
aalida (Loew), this being shown by the persistentgreen coloration of certainbody parts, especiallythe knobs of the halteres.
The differencesbetweenthese are indicated.
Limonia (Zelandoglocbina)niniata - Labial palpi short andbroad, extending about to apices of antennae;frontal prolongation of head short, maxillary palpi about opposite antennal
segmentsfour or five on slide mount. \7ings with veins brown,

Alexander, Ch. P.

TITTLE.KNO!7N
PLATE

161

TIPULIDAE
I

2

3

\$

/(')

Figs. 1, Z. Tipula (Ettmicrotipala) biacerta SP.n.; male hypopygium.- Fig. 3.
Tipata (Eunicrotipula) lethe sP. n.; male hypopygium.- Fig. 4. Tipala (Mi$otiiuta) scbankei sp. n.; male hypopygium.- Fig. 5. Tipala (Ivlicrotipttla) tergoar
matd sp. n.; male hypopygium.- Fig. 6, left. Tipala (Mictotipttla) percomptaria
Alexander; male hypopygium.- Fig. 6, right. Tipala (IvIicrotipila) topoerrsis
Alexander, male hypopygium. (Explanation of figur6, b,basistyle; 4 dististyle;.g,gonapophysis;mb, mcriallobe of basistyle;p, phallosome',r, sternite;l, tergite)'

L62

ANALES DEL MUSEO DE HISTORIA NATURAL

NA 4, 197I

lacking green coloration except in prearcular field, stigma pale
brown. Male hypopygium with ventral dististyle small, not exceedingabout one and one-halftimes the basistyle;rostral spine
long, subequal in length to the rostrum beyond it. dpei of
aedeagusbroad, slightly expanded,genital openings separated
and slightly divergent.
Limonia (GeranoruTia) aalida - Labial palpi long andslender;frontal prolongation of head longer, as in the subgenus,
maxillary palpi inserted tt near midlength of rostrum or about
oppositethe eighth to tenth antennalsegments.\fings q'ith veins
yellou', with more persistentgreen tints, stigma not or scarcely
differentiatedfrom the ground. Male hypopygiumu'ith ventral
dististylelarge and flesh)' uborrttu'o anC one-halfto ihree times
the basistyle;rostral spine short, apex oblique to form a slrarp
point. Apex of aedeagusnarrower, genital openings approximated.
LIMONIA (ZELANDOGLOCHINA)NUBLEANA sp. n.
( F i g s .2 , 6 )I{esonotal praescuturnchestnutbrou'n, yellowed laterally;
pleura yellor' lvith ts'o narro\v dark brown stripes;fore coxae
small,dark brown,remainingcoxaelarger,yellou';femoreobscurebrownishyellorvrvith a narrow nearly terminal brori'n ring; rvings
brownish yellow with ^ restricted darker brorvn pattern that
includesa common area over tip of Sc and origin of Rr, vein
Sc short; abdominaltergites cinnamonbros'n, lateral and posterior bordersblackened;male hypopygiumwith ventral dististyleextendedinto a long slenderrod, u'ithout spinoid setae,dorsal
dististyle rudimentary,apex of aedeagusterminating in acutelateral points.
Male: Length, including rostruln, about L1 lnm.; u'ing 9
rlm.; rostrum about 2.5 mm.
Rostrum black, the very long labial palpi with the divided
outer parts strongly coiled. Antennae brorvnish black; flagellar
segmentsoval with abrupt apical necks; r'erticils very long, themaximum about one-half longer than the segment.Head darkbrownish graf, anterior vertex narrow.

Alexander,Ch. P.

LITTTE-KNO\(/N TIPULIDAE

163

Pronotal scutumdark brown, more yellow pollinosebehind,scutellum and pretergitesyellowed. Mesonotal praescutumv'ith
disk virtually cbveredby confluent chestnutbrown stripes,themedian ground indicated only by a pale streak at the suture,
humeral and lateral bordersbroadlyyellowed;scutallobeschestnut brorvn, central part yellowed, extendedbackward to include
central areasof scutellumand mediotergiteipleurotergitechiefly
yellov'ed,nafrowly darkenedabovethe halteres.Ple rra yellow,
with trvo narrow longitudinal dark brown stripes, dorsal one
extendingfrom cervicalregion to abdomen,including the rootof the halteres,ventral stripe involving the unusually small
fore coxae;ventral sternopleirritegrayish yellow. Flaltereswith
stem yellon,, knob n'ealily infuscated. Legs rvith fore coxae
darkened,as described,remaining coxae and trochanterslightyellorv; femora obscnrebrox'nish yellow with L rldrroYVnearly
ierrninalbrou'nring; tibiaeand tarsibrownishyellon'to yellon'ish
slenderbrou,n,outer segmentsdarker; clarn'switlt a conspicuous_spine,the tnore besalspinulesnearlyobsolete.Wings (Fig..Z)brownish yelloN', u'ith LLrestricteddarker brown pattern that
includes the stigma ar-rdnarro\v confluent seamsat tiP of Sc
and origin of Rl, rn'ithpaler cloudsover cord and outer end ofcell lst A4z;veins brown. Venation: .Scshort, ending opposite
origin of Rs, .!c1 and Sc2virtually equal; Rs weakly angulated
at origin; ilt-ca shortlvbefore fork of tll
Abdorninal tergitescinnamonbrorvn, pxtternedwith black,
incluCingthe lateral and posteriorborders,the latter more extensive on the outer segments;hypopygiumbrownish yellow. IMlle( Fig. 6) with posterior border of tetgite,. t, shalhypopygium'e-marginatg
the relativily small lobes obtuse.Basistyle,{:.
td'*t1rwith ventromesallobe very \arge, with unusually long setae.
Ventral dististyle,r/. distinctive;body oval, the rostral prolongation a long slendergently curved rod, u'ithout spinoid setae
longas commonin the subgenus,but with a single exceptionally_normal setaehear base;u'hat appearsto representthe usualdorsal
style appears as a. microscopicyellow rod. Gonapophysis,--g,outu'ardlv;
narrou'ed
graduallylobe
elongite,
rvitll meial-apicalaedeagusstriight, outer apicalanglesextendedinto small points.
Holotype, male, Cobquecura,Nuble, Chile, December 14,
1953 (Pefia).

16.1

ANALES DEL IUUSEO DE HISTORIA NATURAL

Nq 4, T97T

The present fly is quite distinct from other speciesof thesubgenusin hypopygial characters,especiallythe dististyle andeedeagus.The virtual loss of the dorsal dististyle should beemphasized.Three other regional species,Limonia (Zelandoglochina) fagetornn ltlexander; L. (2,) ornissistylalrlexander; L.
(2,) torticornlsAlexander,have a comparablecondition but thevenation and otirer details of lrypopygialstructureare distinct.
TONNOIROMYIASPINULOSAsp. n. (Figs.3, 7)
General colorationof thorax fulvous yellorv,pleura clearer
yellow; legs brown, tarsi extensivelysnowy rn'hite;r,r'ingspale
brown, stigmaslightly darker,r-nr fu distad,only slightly before
level of R2; male hypopygiumwith phallosomeentirelvdistinctive,
including two very broad flattened plates that bear abundantsmall spinouspoints.
A[,ale:Length about 6 mm.; u,ing 6 mn-r;antennaabout
4 mm.
Rostrum and palpi brorn'n.Antennae brou,n throughout;flagellar segments long-cylindrical, u'ith very abundant erectpale setae,the normal verticils very sparse,slightly longer arnd
stouter (tenninal two segrnentsbrol<en).Head brou'n.
Pronotum dark brorvn. Mesonotumfulvous yellou', aute:ior
end of praescutumdark brou.n,central region behind the suture
clearer yellow. Pleura light yellou, belou', including the verylarge sternopleurite,more darkeneddorsally.Halteresv,'ith stem
brown, paler basally,the large knobs blackened.Legs u'ith fore
coxae rveakly darkened, remaining coxae and all trochirnters
yellorv; femora brown, extremebasesyellowed; tibiae and about
the proximal fourth of basitarsibrown, remainderof tarsi excepting the brown terminal segmentsnowy white. Wings (Itig.
3) pale brown, stigma slightly darker brown; veins brown.
Longitudinal veins beyond general level of origin of Rs rvith
macrotrichia,including also most of vein Cu r:nd outer ends of
the Anals, Sc glabrous.Venation: Basal sectionof Ra*t long,exceedingthree-fourthsR2+3; r-m only slightly before level of
R2.

Alexander,Ch. P.

LITTLE-KNO\7N TIPULIDAE

165

Abdominal tergites brown, sternitespaler, segmentssevenring; hypopygium
and eight dark brown to form a conspicuous
yellon'. N{ale hypopygium (Fig. 7) with centratl emarginationbf tergite, t, bioadei than in patagonica, the lateral lobes
upp."tltg narrov/er.Dististyles,d, Ionger,especiallythe-blackenei^outerltyle. Phallosone,P, entirelydistinctive,including-very
that are contiguousor slightly decusbroad platelikeapophyses
sateat tl'remidline, their borderswith abundantspinouspoints,
plate at anterioror cephalicend produced
as shown;phatlosomic
into two obtuselyroundedlobes.
Holotype,tnale,Hornohuinco,Llanquihue,Chile,December
1 e 6 8( P e n a ) .
Tl're present fly is entirely different from the only other
Neu' Vlorld member of the genus, Tonnoirornfiapatagonica
phalloAlexander,especiallyin the structureof the hyPoPy-gialof patagonica
some,as desciibedand figured.The hypopygir"rmr,r,asillustratedat the time of the original description(Dipteraof Patagoniaand SouthChile, 1: 68 - 69, fig. 165 L929)HEXATOMINIGYNOPLISTIA (DIRHIPIS) SALGADOI sP. n.
(Figs.10, 13, L4)
Size rnedium (rn'ing of male about 20 mm.); general coloration of thorax yeliou'ind brownishgrall antennaeof male 25segmented,with Ig branches,the lait very short, vestiture of
br-anchesvery short and inconspicuous;wings yellowed, _costal
border in caiesbroadly darker; male hyPoPygiumwith aedeagus
a straight simple rod, apex not bent or dilated.
Male: Legth about 24 - 28 mm.; *'ing about 20 mrn.; an'tenna about 7 mm.
Rostrum dark brornn, palpi black. Antennae of male ( Fig.
13) with scapeand pedicel yellow, proximal flagellar segments
biiolored, y.[lo*, the branchesbrown, the sternspaler brov'n attheir inseriion, outer simple segmentsmore uniformly brown;
formula 2+2*L7 *4; brancheslong,antennae25-segmented,
the maximum exceedingone-third the entire organ' longest on
flagellar segmentsseven to nine, thence gradually shorter out-

166

ANALES DEL MUSEO DE HISTORIA NATURAL

N9 4, 1971

wardly, last branch a short spur that is less than the segment;
outer four segmentssimple, the last about one-half longer tharr
the penultimate;brancheswith very sparselong black verticils;
normal vestituredelicate,very abundant,much shorterthan theverticils, the longest subequalto or shorter than the diameterof the branch at point of insertion.Head grayishbrovi'n,orbits
clearer gray,occipital region more yellowed.
Pronotumbrown. Mesonotalpraescutumyellowedon sides,
disk with three brownish Etay stripes,with a further capillary
black median line that becomesobsoletebefore suture, interspaceswith conspicuous
brown setigerous
punctures,setaeyellow;
posterior sclerites of notum brou'nish grly, scuturnmedialll'more yellowed.Pleura gray,dorsopleuralmembraneyellon'.Halteres with stem light gtty, knob dark brorn'n.Legs with coxae
brownish gtty, trochantersbrov'nishyellorv; fernorayellor,v,tips
broadly brown; remainderof legs light yeliov', tips of tibiac:
verynarrowlymoredarkened;clav,'sbiack,rnicroscopically
toothecl
beneath.\Xzings(Fig. tO) of type short and broad,anteriorthird
stronglyinfuscated,rernaincler)/ellcr.;';a restricteddarker bron'na,,tt n'tajorcloud over cord, outer
pattern that includesthe stign-r
end of cell lst nI2 and fork of Mr*2; costal region above
stigrna,and longitudinal lines in centersof cells R, i}l, lst AIz
and R'i very pale yellor,r';veins pale yellou', conspicuous
againstthe ground,especiallyin the darkenedcostalparts of the holotype. Costaand vein R with abundlnt trichia, remainingveinsglabrousexceptf.or t feu' scatteredtrichia on distal sectionof
R5. Venationt: Vein R: directedvery strongly basad,exceedir-rs
in length vein R1.
Abdomenelongate,especiallyin the paratype;brown, lateraland posteriorbordersof segmentsvaguely paler yellow. NIale
hypopygium (FiS. 14) with lobes at apex of basistyle,h, n'ith
very long setae.Both dististyles,d,subequal in length and diameter, the outer pointed at apex. Phallosome,p, as shov,'n;aedeagusa slenderstraightrod, apex not dilated or bent in any
ffranner,as in other speciesof Dirhipis,
Holotype, male, Pucatrihue,Osorno, Chile, July 77, 1968
male.
(A. Salgado).Paratopotype,The speciesis named for sefior Alejandro Salgado,insect
collector for Pefia. The narrower u'ings and longer abdornen

PLATE II,13

Fig. 7. Pedicia (TricTpbona) aruacana sp. n.; venation.- Fig. S. GYnoplistia(Gynoplistial basitarsalba sp. m.; venation.- Fig. 9. Gynoplistia (Gynoplistia)(Ginoplistia) costospilota
concbyliata sp. n.; venation.- Fig. 10. Gyoplistia(Rbipidia)
sp. n.; male hypopygium.
rhasma11.
Linonia
venation.Fig.
sp. n.;
Fig. 12. Pedicia (Tricypltona) araacana sp. n.; rnale antenna.- Fig. 11. Pedici,r(Tricyphona) araacana sp. n.; male hypopygium.- Fig. 1"1. Gynoplistia (Ginoplistia) basitarsalbarp. n.; male hypopygium.- Fig. 15. Gynoplistia (GpoPlistia)
Fig. L6. Gynoplistia (GyoPlistia)
cotcbyliata sp. n.; male hypopygium.costospilola sp. n.; male hypopygium. (Explanation of figures, et, aedeagus;
4 basistyle; 4 distisgle; g, gonapophysis;r, interbase; p, phallosome; r, sternite;l, tergite).

168

ANALES DEL MUSEO DE HISTORIA NATURAL

N9 4, 1971.

of the paratypeshould be noted but there appearsto-be a single
speclesconcerned,the antennaeand hypopygi.t- of both ^uuilable specimensbeing very similar. It is readily told from allother regional membersof the genus by the great number ofbranchedantennalsegments.The other speciesof Dirhipis havea maximum of 23 antennalsegmentsof which L2 are branched.
The hypopygiumdiffers from such other speciesin the slender
straight aedeagusbut despitetheseindicateddifferencesit seems
best to assignthis fly to Dirhipis,

GYI\TOPLISTIA(GYNOPLISTIA)AEQUIDENTATAsP. n.
(Figs.16, 18, L9)
Sizelarge (in maleboth lengthand wing to about20 mm.);
antennaeof male L8-segmented,
u'ith 11 branchedsegments;
generalcolorationof thorax light gray,praescutumu'ith three
more polished black stripes; femora dark brou'n to brorvnish
black, basesnarrou'ly yellou', r'ith vague indicationsof a pale
subterminalring; wing very pale yellow, with a restrictedbrou'npattern,including stigma and paler brown spotsat end of vein
R3, ftvo below the stigma,and with comparableareasat endsof
Anal veins; Rs very long, straight,angulatedat origin, anterior
branch sinuous;male hypopygiumn'ith outer dististyleterminatitg in two short nearly equal spines; phallosomeincluding
trispinouslateral gonapophyses
or interbasesand a pair of smaller
apophysesthat subtend the aedeagus,their outer ends acutespinesthat decussate
at the midline.
Male: Length about20 - 22 mm.; wing t7 - 20 mm.; antenna about 4 - 4.2 mm.
Frontal prolongation of head brownish yellow, nasuslong
and slender; palpi dark brown, terminal segment about onethird to one-half longer than the penultimateand more slender.
Antennae of male 1.8-segmented,
formula 2+2* 9 * 5; black,extremeincisuresof the proximal flagellar segmentsmore yellowed; longest branchesslightly more than one-third the entire
organ or subequalto or slightly exceedingthe total length of

Alexander, Ch. P.

LITTLE-KNOI|(/N TIPULIDAE

r69

the five simple outer segments.Head yellowish brown, pruinose,
central part of vertex dark brown.
Pronotum black, light gra,ypruinose.Mesonotum light gray,praescutumwith three mofe polished black stripes, the centralbne divided by a capillarymidline exceptat anterior end, pseudosutural foveae ovate, black; scutum light graft each lobe witha single blackened ^rea, confluent with the latelal praescutal
stripe; posteriorscleritesof notum BraY,parascutelladark btoln'n,posterior and lateral borders of mediotergite in c-ertainlights
appearingmore blackened.Pleura black, heavily light gr?y orsilvery piuinose to appear of this color, anterior dorsopleuralorangeat the anterior spiracle.Halteres
membraneconspicuouslywith stem light ,vellow,knob weakly infuscated.Legs with coxae
Liglrt gray pruinose, trochantersbrov,'nishyellon'; femora withbases narron'ly yellowed, remainder Cark brou,u to brou'nish
black, usuailywith vagueindicationsof a paler subterminalring,in some casesscarcelyevident; tibiae brou'nislt yellou', extreme
basesand broader tips brov'n; proximal three tarsal segmcnts
brown, extreme tips darker, relnaining segmentsbrownish black;basesof clar','smicroscopicallyserrulate; tibial sPufs on outei
fourth siightly roughened.$7ings (Fig. L6) very pale yellow,
prearculrr and costal fielcis very slightly darker yellow; stigma
iong-ou,,l.brou'n; l vefy restrictedpaler brown pattern, in the
ho6typc including a spot at tip of vein ft3, others at ends oi
Ana! veins, rn'ith isolated spots beneaththe stigrna in cells R3,
Ra and R5, and again in cell I.rt A abovetip of vein 2nd A: in
most specimenstl-reselatter spots Lte lacking of reduced in
numbeis. Venation: Rs very long, straigl-rt,angulatedat origin;
anterior branch of R.r sinuous, especiallythe proximal third(vein R2+ 1); m-cu at near midlengthof M3+4.
Abdominal tergites dark brown, slightly pruinose, lateralborders pale; sternites brorvnish gra!, apices-narrowly paler.
Male hypopygium (Fig. 18) with basistyle,&, terminating in
two unequut lobes, the dististyles,d, at their bases;outer stylg
slender, nearly straight, terminating in two short nearly equal
spines, inner style strongly curved on distal_half, tiP obtuse.
Phallosome,P, complex (i" figure shown larger -than otherstructures foi clarity), including L lateral pair of trispinous
apophysesor possibly representing interbases,l.' inner gonaPo-

770

ANALES DEL MUSEO DE HISTORIA NATURAL

Ne 4, t971

physeg,g, s.ubtendingthe small straight aedeagus,stout basally,
bent_inwardly^t right angle into a strong sfine.
?
H9_lotype,male,
Hornohuinco,Llanquifirre,Cnite, December_
L968 (p.4). Paratopotype,male. Paratypes,one male, Catamutun, Valdivia, Chile, March 1g, Lgjr- (pefia) ; one male,
Ch.p:, Chilod Island, February10, L95z (fi:na) .'The most similar speciesis Gynoplistia (Gynoptistia) biarmata Alexander, with its color foims or ruc"s, nimbisigna
Alexander and sparsisignaAlexander. The species evideitly
varies in nature of wing pattern but apparentlya single speciei
is involved, best.separatedfrom the piesent fly by [ypopygiai
structure.
.Typical biarmatais shou'n for comparison(nig. rl;,
attention-being directedto the unequal outer ipines of tire disfisry*'leand the bispinouslateral apophyses.Tw-o further species,
elnoraeAlexander and gilyipennis Alexander,likewise appearto^only
be allied to th9 present fly but at present are known
byfemales.The former in this sex is virtually winglessrvhireas
the latter has the wings fully developed.Both of thesein thefemale sex having-the antennael9-segmented,giluipennis differing from both biarmata and aequiientata in"thg uniformly
yellow legs, with no femoral darkening.
Two additional speciesdescribedby Philippi ( rs6: still)
remain unrecogni?d by
these
being
(pl-ilippi)
flauipeitnisT",and pictipennis(Philippi), eachhaving b."n bus.d on " "niq*female specimen.Eachbf theseis desciibedas having the antennae 22-segmented
whereasthese are 18 to 2O-segmented
in thepresentflies. From the number of antennalsegmentsindicatedfor his speciesby Philippi it might be expectedlilratth.y would
belong to the subgenusDirhipls Enderlein but their unusuallysmall size would seemto preCludesuch an assignment.
GYNOPLISTIA (GYNOPLISTIA) POSTICAAlexander(Fig. 20)
Gynoplistia(Gynoplistia)leucopeza
posticaAlexander;Diptera ofPatagoniaand South Chile, 1: L62, fig. 93 (venation); Lg2g.

The unique type female was taken at Castro,Chiloe Island,by Edwards. It was described as a subspeciesof leucopeza
Alexander but the discoveryof the male iex indicates thit it
representsa valid species.

Alexander,Ch. P.

LITTTE-KNOI7-N TIPULIDAE

L7L

Male: Length about6 mm.; wing 6.2 mm.
Head intenselypolished black. Antennaebrownish black;formula2+3+5+5; longestbranches
on flagell5-segmented,
lar segmentsfour and five, the remainingbranchesprogressively
shorter.
Thoracicdorsumpolishedblack; pleura with anepisternum
paler, ventral
polished black, propleura and mesepisternum
yellowed.Haltereswith stem
pleurites,includingthe mesopleura,pale yellow, bridghtestat base,knob infuscated.Legs black,femoral basespaler; posteriorlegs with four outer tarsal segmentswhitened,forelnd middle tarsi uniformly black.\7ings
almostuniformly infuscated,stigmaonly slightly indicated,nodarkeningat cord. Venation: R2+1+4 shorterthan the longstraiglrtbasalsectionof R:; cell M2 openby atrophyof basal
sectionof AF on onewing of allotype,closedon the other,with
tn-cuplacedfar distad,aboutone-fourthits length beforefork.
Abdominaltergitesblack,proximal sternitesobscureyellow
medially,darkeron sides.Male hypopygium(Fig. zo) with inb, 3 low darkenedlobe provided
terbasalprocess,i, of.basistyle,with very long yellow setae,the caudalanglenot extendedintoa blackenedrod as in leucopeza.Outer dististyle,d, Iong, outer
two-thirds very slender;inner style shorter,setiferous.Phallolong and slender,in leucopeza
some,p, x'ith lateral apophysesor lateral horns shorter,outshort and broad; inner apophyses
wardly divergent.
Allotype, male, Hornohuinco,Llanquihue,Chile, December
t96s (Pefia).
In separatingthis speciesfrom leucopeza
particularattention
is directed to the l.g pattern and to hypopygial characters,
especiallythe outer dististyle,interbasesand the phallosome.
sp. n.
(GYI\TOPLISTIA)TERGOGIBBOSAGYI\TOPLISTIA(Figs.L7, 2L)
AIIied to 'uariicalcarata; general coloration of body gra!,praescutumwith three more blackenedstripes, the broad central
one polished; antennae black, 16-segmented,with 9 branchedflagellar segments;legs dark brown to black, femoral basesyel-

T72

ANALES DEL MUSEO DE HISTORIA NATURAL

NA 4, i971

l"y.{i wings yellow, with three conspicuousdark brown spots,
including the stigma,veinsunusuallyglabrous;male hypopygium
yith posterior border of tergite producedinto two nariow lobes
that are-separatedby a much hrger emargination;both disti.stllqs subequalin length, the inner e*panded on more thanbasal half, with delicate yellow setaeiphallosomeincluding
slenderapophyses
that are dec.rssate
at the midline, tips curved,
pale.
Male: Length about 10 mm.; wing 9.) mm.; antennaabout).4 mm.
Rostrum and palpi
Antennaeblack, scapemore_blackened.
-formulapruinose; L6 segmented,g of which are branched,
2+2*7 *5; longestbranchabout one-fourththe entire organ,
terminal.s:gmentabout one-half longer than the penultimate.
Head uniformly gray.
Thorax gr.^y,praescutumwith three blackenedstripes,tire.
broad central one more polished,narrov,edposteriorlyllaterel
stripesnarrow;centerof eachscutallobe with a singleblackened
arca; parascutellamore darkened.Pleura light gray. Haltereswith slem yeilow, outer half of knob infuscated.Legs u,ith
coxae ligirt grafi trochantersbron'n; femora blackish-brown,basesmore )'ello'n,ed,narrolest on middle pair; tibiae dark
brorvn, tarsi black; spurs of postenortibiae much larger thantlre others,aboutas in uariicalcarata.
vings (l.ig. tz) yillowed,
with three conspicuous
dark brov'n spots,including the stigma,
a confluent area over anterior cord, and a cotr-tparable
area atorigin of Rs.'posteriorveins beyondcord vagueiyseamedrvith
pale brown, broader and more evident in- the medial fieldadjoining vein Cu: veins brown. veins behind R unusuallyglabrous,including only a serieson distal sectionof Rr, rnore
numerousouhvardly.Venation: Rr long, erect and spurred atorigin; R2+3*a subequalto basalsectionof R:; cell Mr a little
longerthan its petiole:'?t?-cttshortlybeyondmidlengthof M3+,i.
Abdomendark gray.tr{alehypopygiurn(Fig. zt) generally
as in aariicalcaratabut differing in all details.Nintli tergite, r.
with posterior border producedinto two narrow lobes that are
sgparatelby a much larger ovel emargination,surfaceof tergite
darkened,rvith nufflerouspale puncturesthat apparently lacksetae.Basistyle,&, u'ith a glabrous lobe on mesal face bevond

Alexander,Ch. P.

LITTLE-KNO\fN TIPULIDAE

r73d,subequalin length,the oujer more
midlength.Both dististyles,
slende{ narrowed to an acute point, inner style verl broad atbase,outer third narfowed,apei subacute,surfaceof disk withnumerousyellow setaethat are very inconspicuousagainst thev€ry slender,
ground. Plialtosone,P,about as figured; aedeagus.
Itraight; gonapophysisbroad basally,at nea-rmidlength.bent
ateat the midline, thence-.sid at i right ingle, becomingdecuss
narrowedinto acuteslightly curvedpale tips. Internal phallosomic structuresinclude strong straight yellow rods with acuterod; the homotips and a larger unpairedcomPressed-flattened
togies of thesf lattei structurescannot be determinedfrom thematerials.
present^
Holotlpe, male,Hornohuinco,Llanquihue,Chile, December
L968 (Peffa)
Tlre most similar speciesis Gynoplistia(Gynoplistia).uanh
calcarataAlexanderwhich differs from the presentfly in details
The tergite
of colorationand especiallyin the male hyPoPygium.
of the latter has the lateral lobesmuch broaderthan the central
dististylesdiffering in relemargination,with truncatedapices;_
ative-lenghtsand conformation-,and the phallosome,including
all are distinct.
the apophyses,
PARALIMNOPHILADIFFUSIOR Alexander(Fig. s)Paralimnophiladiffusior Alexander; PapeisAvulsos de Zoologia(SaoPaulo),21, art. 8: 87 - 88; L968.
Typ., female,Contulmo,Palo Botado,Nahuelbuta,Arauco,Chile,
February1, rgri (Pefra).\7ing (F,ig.8).
PARALIMNOPHILA TORTILIS Alexander(Figs. 9, L2)
Paralinnophila tortilis Alexander; Papeis Avulsos de T.oologia(Sao Paulo), 21, art. 8: Sg - 89; 1968.
Typ., male, Caramavida,Nahuelbuta, Arauco, Chile, 1.000 meters,
Fe,bruary5 - 10, 1953 (Pefia). lCing (Fig. 9); male hypopygium(Fig. 12).

171

ANALES DEL IUUSEODE I{ISTORIA NATURAL

NA 4, T97I

ELEPHANTOMYIA(ELEPHANTOMYIA)NIPHOPODAsp. n.
(F,igs.
11,li )
General coloration of praescutumdark brown medially,sidespaler brovrn, pleura yellow, unpatterned;rostrum black,near-lyone-half the wing; tarsi extensivelysnowy-v,/hite;wings
weaklyjnfuscated,stigmaslightly darker; male hypopygiumu'ilh
apex of outer dististylebidentate.
Male: Length, excludingrostrum,ebout 7 tnrn.; u,ing 7.gmm.; rostrumabout ) mm.
Rostrum black, nearly two-thirds as long as wing; palpi
black. Antennaewith scapeyello'*',pedicellight brov,'n,fligellum black; flagellar verticils much longer than the segments.
Head dark brownishgra.y.
cervical region and pronotumdarkenedmedially,sidesyellowed. N'fesonotalpraescutumdark brown or1 central part,laterally broadly paler brou'n (posteriorportion of praescutum
and the suhrre damagedin type); scutellumand mediotergite
brown, obscureyellow behind, parascutellaand pleurotergite
clearer1'e11os'.
Pleura yellorn',unpatterned.Halte;es rvith stem
yellov', knob brownishblack. Legs with coxaeand trochanterslight yellou'; femora and tibiae light brou'n, basitarsichiefly
brou'n r,l'ith nearly the distal tenth to tu,elfth snowy u,hite,remainderof tarsi exceptingthe lest segmentsimilarlyu'hitined;
tibiae without spurs.V/ings (Fig. 11) s'eakly infuscated,cells
C and Sc, with the stigma,very slightly more darkened;veinsbron'n. Longitudinalveins beyondcord rvith conspicuor-rs
black
trichia, these also on most of Rs and about the outer halvesof veinsz1Iand Cu, Yenation:.lc1endinga short distancebefore
fork of R.r,.Sczsubequalto .lct; branchesof Rr nearly parallel
to one anotherfor their entire lu-ngths,cell R3 at margin only
aboutone-fourthas extensiveas cell ftz; cell lst M2 variable,inthe type tending to be open, ru being atrophied in one wing,basal sectionof Mj rn'eakto subatrophiedin the other; ,il-cu
about one-halflonger than distal sectionof Cut; vein Cu2 tnvsually distant from Cur, the latter cell broad.
Abdominal tergites light bron'n, sternitesrn'eaklybicolored, yello\A',outer endspale brorvn,subterminalsegrnents
slightly

Alexander, Ch. P.

175

LITTLE-KNO\TN TIPULIDAEPTATE III

t8

20

{

r'l

22

23

Fig. 17. crlptolabis (cryptolnbis) pefiai sP. n.; vennation.- Fig. 18. cr\ptolubis(cryptolabis) pefiai sp. n.; rnale hypopygium.- Fig. 19. Molopbilas (Molopbi'(Molo'
lusj breyilobatTs Ale.xander; male hypopygium.- F'i.g. 20- Molophilas(MoloPihlus)
philas) diacantbassp. n.; male hypopygium.- Fig- 2L. Molopbilas
disrirena.r sp. n.; -ul. hypopygium.- Fig. 22. Molophilus (MoloPbilus) neopatt.rrlr sp. n.; male hypopygium.- Fig. 23. Molopbilas (MoloPbilts) sabbonestas,p. ,r., male hypopygium. (Explanation of figures, d, aedeagus;&, basistyle;,/,dististyle;P, Phallosome).

176

ANALES DEL T{USEODE HISTORIA NATURAL

NA .i, 1971

rnoredarkened;hypopygiurn-yellou'.
Male hypopygium-ttyt. (Fig. 15)
with the dististyles,d,at'ap-exbi
le.arly terminal; outlr
dentate,axial spine slightly smaller and more slenderthan theer.e9tventralpoint. Interbase, l-olg and narrow.phallosome,p,!,with the penefilum long and delicate,outer end spirally convoluted.
Holotype, male, Butamalal, Nahuelbuta, Arauco, Chile,
1.100- L.40Orneters,Jantuary23 - 3L, L91'4(pefia).
El:pbantomyia(Ele/tlsantornyia)niphopodais quite distinct
from the only other regionalspecies,.E, (n,1'ct;tellari Alexander,
in the much smaller size and in the coloration of the thorax
and legs. The conspicuous
snowywhite tarsi likerviseare foundin the still smallerE. (E,) chionopoda.L\exander,of peru, andE. (E.) tarsalbaAlexander,of Surinam,both quite distinct fronr
the presentfly. As regardsthe venationit is probablethat cell
1st Mz normally is closedand that the conditionsdescribedareabnormalities.

NEOPHILIPPIANABREVISETAALEXANDER(Fig. 22)
Neophilippiana breuisetaAtrexander;Papeis Avulsos de zoologia(Sao Paulo), 21, art. 8: 89 - 90; 1969.
Typ., female, Pichinahuel, Nahuelbuta, Arauco, Chilc, t.6ottmeters,February2I - 25, 1953 (Pefra). \fing (Fig. ZZ).

APHROPHILAAMBLYDONTAsp. n.
(Figs.23, 24)
General coloration of entire body yellow, praescutumwith
three very slightly more reddened stripes; halteres and legs
yellow, outer tarsal segmentsbrown; wings yellowed, veinsbrou'nishyellow, R2 far before radial fork, Rz and R3+ a subequal, vein 2nd A conspicuouslyarched on proximal half, thecell very broad; ovipositor with dorsal surface of cerci rvith
five low convexelevations.

Alexander, Ch. P.

LITTLE-KNO\TN TIPULIDAE

L77

Female:Length about8 mm.; wing 8.2 mm.; antennaabout
1.5mm.
Rostrumvery short,yellow; palpi with first segmentyellow,
remainder brown. Antennae n'ith scaPeand pedicel yellow,
flagellum brown; flagellat segmentsrelatively short-oval,Proxirn'atsegmentswith ends extensively.truncated,outer segments
Head obscureyellow.
mofe nairo*'ly interconnected.
Prothorax light yellow. Mesonotumfulvous yellow, Praescutum with three"verislightty darkerreddenedstripes,the broadcentral arcadivided by the median catina.Pleurafulvous yellow'
Halteres light yellow. Legs with coxaeand trochantersyellowed, remainier ii-ilot with outer tarsal segmentsbrown' Vingg(t is. 23\ yellorvedwith a small brorn'ncloud at baseof cell
general),t,i A, .,'.int brownishyellow.Longitudinalveinl beyond.
levei of corcl.l'ith sniall trichia, very reducedor lacking on
R2+3+4, a'd basesof meclialveins neaf cord; sParse-weaktrichia at endsof both A'al veins.Venation:Sc1errdingshortly
beyondfork of Rs, Sc2near its tip; Rs subequalto, ry *3 *'1;
Rt' f", beforefork, subequalto vein R) *4; vein 2nd A conspicriouslylrcheC on proximal half, the cell very broad.
Abdornenobscureyellow,genitalsegmentsomewhatdarker'
Ovipositors,ith cerci ('fig 241 unusuallyshort and stout basally, ih. apicalpoint st"ndEr,spikelike,dorsalmqgin crenulated,i; five very io* convex eleiations, not toothlike as in mostother speciesof the genus'
Talca,Chile, 1.050tneters,
Holotype,femal., Los Cipreces,
January7) 15, rt)GB(Peiia).
Tlre most sirnilar speciesis Aphrophi\ chilenaAlexander'
rvfiich agreesu'ell in generalcoloratiogand i1 venation,inciuding the 6ro"d 2nd Anal cell. It differs evidentlyin the structttreof"tlre cerci,as described.In cbilenathe cercihave sevenslightly
The
recurved toothlike projections,the central oqes largest'
Neotropicalspeciesof Aphro-philaarc 3o;t readily distinguishedalnong^themsllvesby nlo1" liypopygial charactersand structureof thi ovipositor,especiallytlie i.rci. Severaiof the latter havebeen illustratedi" ; p"p.t by the writer (Bot. Dept. Sanidad
3: 138,figs. 8 - !!; tl!+.)'
Vegetal,"phallostenaAlexander(Figs' 25'
Cryptolabis'(C"ryptotabis)'
26) Ziyp,otnl,i.r ( C,y otabls)- phallosrenaAlexander; Papeis

178

ANALES DEL MUSEO DE HISTORIA NATURAL

N9 4, 197I

Avulsos de Zoologia (Sao Paulo), 2I, art. g: 94 - 95; Lg6g.
Typ., male, contulmo, Palo Rotado, Nahuelbuta, Arauco,^. ..
Chile, 1.000 meters, February j - 10, tgi.i' (pefia). Wing
(Fig. z5); male hypopygium (Fig. 26).
MOLOPHILUS (MOLOPHILUS) BREVISECTUSsp. n.
(Fig.27)

Belongsto the plagiatusgroul); generalcolorationyellowish.
brov'n, pleura paler; haltereJyeito*; legs light bro*n; malehy.popyqiumwith the basaldististylesimple,"1ong slenderrod
subequalin,length to the aedeagus,
ape" u,ith trvl 'ricroscopic
unequalteeth;phallosomic
platea sefulifelous
cushion,the lobes

narrower than the emargina.tion.

A[ale: Lenght about 3.5 mrn.; ning 4. mm.
Rostrurnlight brown, palpi slightly darker.Antennaeu,ith
scapeand pedicelbrownishyellor', flagellum darkened;flagellar
segmentsoval, outer oneselongate,verticilsvery long. Head darkgrayish brorvn.
Pronotal scutum bro*'nish yellow, scutellumlight yellou'.
Mesonohrmalmost uniformly light yellorn'ishbrown, praescutunr
with a. slightly darker .e,rtrul"stripe, scutellum o.ri humeral
lggion of praescutumclearer yelloii,. Pleura brox'nish yellon,.
Halteres light yellou.. Legs n'ith coxae and trochantersclear
light yellorv, the remainder yellowish brown to light brou,n.
rveakly.infuscated,prearcular and costal regions lightY1"styellon'; veins brou'nish yellow. Venation: Petiole of cell A,ti
(IvI3+4) short, only slightly longer than rn-cu.
Abdomen
Abdomen brown.
brown. Male hypopygium(Fig. 27) u'irh beakof basistyle,b, straight.Outer dlstistyleunequallybifid, smoothouter arm subtriangularin outline; basal
basal ltyle,style, d, long
long and
and
slender,l9ng9r tlr"l outer sytle, subequalto the aedeagus,apeli
very shallowly bidentate, the two microscopicteetli slightly
unequal. Phallosomic plate, p, a setuliferous cushion, apex
emarginate,lobes narrower than the notclr. Accleagr-rs
slender,much narrowed than the basal distis$le.
Holotype, male, Chaiten,Chiloe Island, Chile, Februarlr) -8, 1954 (Pefra).

Alexander, Ch. P.

LITTLE-KNO\7N TIPULIDAE

179

The presentfly differs from other similar regional speciesof the hypopygiumapicallybidenthat have the basal'dististyletate in the unusuallenghl of the style and the ugty small sizeof the teeth'Speciesthal shouldbe comPTedinclude Molophilus('fvL
Molophitus)'apicidensAlexander;IvL ( M.) .binariusAlexander,(M,) utio Ale"ander,M, (M,) pansusAlexander,and someothers.
MOLOPHILUS(MOLOPHILUS)HECATEsP' n'(Fig. 28)
Relongsto the colossusgrouP; general coloration of thorax
rn'ith a central slightly darker
light ,velior:;ishbroq'n, PraescLrtum
blo*'., stripe,pleura pu[. brown; legs light brown; u'ingsyellowed, veins iigt'tt bror,vn,m-cu angulariy bent and sPurr.ed;male
SVpopygiurn"v'ithtergal lobes short and stout, basal dististylea"'."r$'Itraight blacl:enedspine that is markedly shorter than theouter style.
t\tale: Lenght about 6.5 mm.; wing 7.3 mm.; antennaaboutL.) lnm.

Rostrum light brou'tr, palpi slightly darker, especiallytlt-"
outer t$,o segnients.Antcnnae *'ith basal segmentsyellor'r'ed,
remainder br6"r.; flagellar segmentsoval, shorter than their
verticils. Head browniJh yello'w,v,'ith long black setae.
Pronotumbron nish yellorn'.Mesonotumchiefly light |ellorr"ish brou,n, praescutum'*,ith a-broadslightly darker b1ow3 central
stripe, the' laterals not evident, extGme lateral borders andpr.i.igit.r light yellow; pseudosuturalfoveae light reddish, ilmost .on.oloio,rs with tire ground; scutellum more yellowed.
Pleura pale brov,'tt, midventral atea obscureyellow' HalteresLegs u,ith coxaeand trochantersyellou', remainchiefly yelto*ed.
'l.gt
light biown. \Wings vaguely yellowed; veins-light
der ofbrown, tricniaiarker brown, thi patlern more concentratedoverr-nt rnd,nt-cxtto form srnall darklned areas.Venation: R2 somedistancebeyond level of r-m; petiole of cell ,yt .(IvI3+4) unlrsually tong, about tu,icel?bc//,tire latter angularly bent and-spurred; vein VnctA ending nearly oppositethree-fourthsthe lengthof M3 *4.

180

ANALES DEL MUSEO DE HISTORIA NATUML

NA 4, T971

Abdominal tergiteslight brown, sternitespaler, hypopygium
yellowish brown..Male hypopygium (Fig. za) about is iir6*".
Tergite, r, wilh lobes short and stout, strongiy divergent.Lobeof basistyle,b, long with scatteredstout bristiesunJ abundantsetaeon more than outer half. Dististyles,
lery delicateaPPressedd, relatively-long_and slender, the more basal styles a niarlystraightblackenedspinethat is markedlyshortertiran tl'reouterstyle.
Holotype, male, Butamalal, Nahuelbuta, Arauco, Chile,
1.100- I.4OOmeters,Janvary2j - 3I, 191,4(pefia).
The most similar-species
is fuIolopbilu.r(foIolopltilus)tiran
Alexander,describedfrom Marga-Mai ga, Chile. tir is is a stilllarger fly that differs from the presentlly chiefly in hypopygial-^.tcncharacters,especiallythe long narrow tergal lobes andlonger basal dististyle.Both specieshave vein tn-cu angularly
bent and with a strongspur extendedbasadinto cell nI, diffe;ing evidentlvf.romM. (Iw.) colossusAlexanderin this featureand still more so in the hypopygialstructure,particularlythe
dististyles.
MOLOPHILUS (MOLOPHILUS) PASTORIS Alcxander(Fig. 3o)
Molophilrs (Arolophilrs) pa.rtorisAlexander;Ent. News, 7L: 1B 19; 1960.
Typ., male, Aucar, Chiloe Island, Chile, January 6 - !5, I9j2
(Peffa). Male hypopygium(Fig. 30).
MOLOPHILUS (MOLOPHILUS) PERGRACILLIMUS sp. n.

(Fig. ze)
Belongsto the plagiatur group; generalcolorationof mesonotum brownish orange; legs obscureyellow; male hypopygiumwith basaldististylevery long and slender,exiendedinto-along
acutespine,-thebasedilated;phallosomicstructuresuboval,apex
convex,surfacewith abundantsetulae.
Male: Length about 4 mm.; wing 4.9 mn.; antennaabout
1 . 1m m .
Rostrum brown, palpi black. Antennae rvith scape light

AlexanderC. h. P.

LITTLI-KNO\flN

TIPTiLIDAI]

l8!

with
yellow, remainder brown; proximal flagellar segments.
L*...dingly long verticils.Hiad obscureyellow, centerof posterioro"ite* extensivelygrayishbrown'
Pronotum,pretergites,and humeral region of p.raescutum
clear light yellow. Melonotum brorn'nishorattg", anteiior end ofpt"*..it"m slightly more infuscated,scutellumyellowed'Pleura
medium bro*f,. iemaining coxae and all trochantersyellow;
remainderof legs obscurl yellow. cuter tarsal segmentsonly,righriy darker;iubbasal daikenedring of fore tibia relatively
wings obscurey.ll9Y, . t*.t:t in prearcularand;;;;ti:"""t.
costil fields; veinf pale,trichia slightly d:trkerbrown' Venation:
w stighrly distaa.jr level of r-ni.petiole of cell M3 (Mt++1
only Jghily longer tl-ranthe 'rery obligue m-ctt'
Abdomen light brown. Male hypop-ygiln (Fig .29) rvith
beackof basistyl; b, slender,nearlysiraighi.Outer dististylewitharrnsvery dissimilar,as shown; basal style, b, distinctive,very
lorrg und slender,about one-half longer than the outer-style,t-o|! enlargeduni modified as shown,lutwardly_narrowedvery
graduallyInto a slenderspine.Ae{9aguslong and slender,nearly
Phalloiomicstructure,P, suboval'
Sqoul to the basal distis^tyle.
convex,surfacer,vitli abundant-conspicuoussetulae'
apex'
Holotvpe, male, Calcahue,Chiloe Iiland, Chile, Februarv
10 - 12, 1954 (Pefia).
theThere afe severalspeciesin the plagiat.us.group,.of
genusin the South Chilean fauna that irave the basal dististyle
3f trt. hypopygiumunbranchedand I'ith tfe,p$]losom'c struc-ind,urabiltsAmong such speciesare-Molophilas ( tWgloph-;;ture cushionlik"e.
Alexonl.r, M.- (Ivl,) oblit'iosusAlexander, iV'i;;j(M.) pastorisAlexander,A4. (M.) -stenorhabdaAlexander,all
hifi6tiirl erridentlyi' the lenglit and structureof the basalstyle,as described.
MOLOPHILUS(N{oLoPHILUS)STENORHABDAAlexander(Fig. 31)7l:
Molopbilns (Motopbitus) stenorhabda^lexander; Ent. News,

2o; L96o.
TyPe,maile,Rio Coluco,Chi'loeIsla'nd,Chile' January30' l9tz
(Fig. 31)'
(Pefia).M"l. hypopygium