THEA N N A LS
AND

[AGAZINE OF NATURAL

IIISTORY.

[NINTII SERIES.]
No. 62. F E B R U A R Y 1923.

X V I I . - - N e w or little-known Tipulidm (Diptera).--XIV. Australasian Species. By CHARLES P. ALEXANDER,Ph.D.,
F.E.S., Amherst, Massachusetts, U.S.A.
THE crane-flies described in the present instalment are allfrom New Zealand, and were collected by Messrs. Campbell,
Gourlay, Harris, Howes~ Lindsay, Tapley, and Watt, towhom my sincere thanks are extended for the privilege ofstudying their extensive collections of Tipulid~e. The types
are preserved in the writer's collection.

Dicranomyia moesta, sp. n.
General coloration dark brown; wings relatively narrow,brown, the stigma darker brown; conspicuous pale areas
before and beyond the stigma; male bypopygium with agroup of about tea spines on the mid-apical line of thetergite.
Male.--Length about 6'5 ram.; wing 8"7 mm.
Rostrum and palpi dark brown. Antennm dark brown
throughout ; flagellar segments oval. Head greyish brown.
Pronotum~ mesonota[ prmscutum, and scutal lobes
uniformly dark brown, only the humeral region of thepr~eseutum a very little paler; median area of scutum andthe scutellum pale brown; postnotum dark brown. Pleura
dark brown, with a spars% appressed, microscopic pubescence.
Ann. & Mug. N. Hist. Scr. 9. VoL xi.
13

194

Dr. C. P. Alexander o~,Halteres rather elongate, dark brown, the extreme base of
the stem yellow. Legs with the cox~e yellowish, the lateralfaces slightly infuscated; trochanters obscure yellow;
remainder of the legs black. Wings relatively narrow,brown, the stigma still darker brown, oval; conspicuous
pale areas before and beyond the stigma ; veins dark brown.
Venation : Sc short, Scl ending just beyond the origin ofRs, Sc.2 a corresponding distance before this origin; basal
deflection of Cul before the fork of M.
Abdomen dark brown.
Male hypopygium with thepleurites grooved along the mesal face; ventral pleuralappendage relatively small and slender, with a conspicuous
lobule ou the mesal face before mid-length, the apex andthis lobule terminating in powerful spinous seta~ ; dorsal
pleural appendage a powerful, almost straight, chitinizedrod, only the apex gently curved. Gonapophyses with themesal apical angles produced into a slender blackened lobe,
the lateral margin of which is microscopically denticu]ate or
crenulate. A close group of about ten powerful spines ou
the mid-caudal line of the tergite.
Hub. New Zealand (North Island).
Holotype, ~, Ohakune, altitude 2060 feet, February 8,
1922 ( T. R. Harris).

Dicranomyia lorrens, sp. n.
Male.--Length 7"5-7"8 mm. ; wing 10"8-11 mm.
Female.--Length 7 mm. ; wing 10 ram.
Generally similar to D. fasciata, Hutton, differing asfollows : - Halteres unusually long and slender, the stem pale except
at the distal end. Legs with the apices of the femora distinctly pale. Wings with the stigma larger ; dark colour inthe anal cells occupying all of the cells; spot at origin of
Rs not attaining vein M. Venation: a supernumerarycross-vein in cell Scl, the tip of RI being atrophied immediately beyond r. Male hypopygium with the mesal face ofeach pleurite produced caudad and mesad into a long conspicuous lobe. Ventral pleural api~endage broad at base,narrowed apically; dorsal pleural appendage gently curved
to the acute apex, not strongly bent near mid-length as infasciala. Gonapophyses pale, the mesal apical angle produced caudad into a long slender lobe. Face of penisguard with two convergent rows of powerful bristles atbase. Ovipositor with the valves dark reddish horn-colour,
the acute tipu of the tergal valves slightly curved.

new or llttle-known Tipulld~e.

195

Hub. New Zealand (North Island).
Holotype, ¢~, Ohakune, altitude 2060 feet, November 18,
1921 (T. R. Harris).
Allotopotype, ~.
Paralopotypes, 30 d' ? ; 1 additional ~ , November 20,
1921.
" Hanging around a water fall."Dicranomyia heteracantha, sp. n.
Male.mLength about 4"3 ram. ; wing 4"5 mm.
Related to D. sedacta, Alexander, differing as follows : Size smaller. Mesonotal praescutum brownish yellow,
with a broad, median, dark brown stripe, the lateral marginsof the sclerite being broadly pale (in seducta the disk islargely covered by the three confluent stripes); scutal lobes
slightly darkened; remainder of the mesonotum obscureyellow. Pleura pale brownish yellow. Wings with tile
stigma very pale brown, subcircular in outline. Venation
with Rs more arcuated ; cell 1st M~ broader. Male hypopygium with the spines on the rostrum heteromorphous asm seducta. The more distal spine arises from a very elongatebase, this base much longer than the rostrum beyond it andnearly as long as the proximal spine itself; the distal spine
is about one-half longer than its base and very slender.
Hub. New Zealand (North Island).
Holotype, c~, Ohakune, altitude 2060 feet~ January 28,
1922 (T. R. Harris).
Molophilus howesi, sp. n.
General coloration brown, the postnotum and pleura darkbrown; antennm moderately elongate; halteres yellow; wings
with a strong brown suffusion ; anal veins convergent ; malehypopygium with the pleural appendages terminal in
position.
Male.--Length about 3'8 ram. ; wing 4"4 ram.
Rostrum and palpi dark brown. Antennae black~ thesecond segment light yellowish brown ; antennal flagellum,
if bent backward, extending about to the halteres, darkbrownish black. Head dark brown.
Pronotum dark brownish black. Mesonotum uniformly
brown, the praescutum a little brighter than the scutal lobes,
the humeral region and lateral margins obscure yellow;
scutellum and postnotum dark brown. Pleura dark brown.
Halteres yellow. Legs with the coxae and trochanters
13 ~

196

Dr. C. P. Alexander on

obscure yellow, contrasting with the dark pleura ; remainderof tim legs broken. Wings with a dark brown tinge, thebase and costalregion a little brighter; veins darker brown,with conspicuous macrotrichite. Venation : basaldeflectionof Cul about one-third longer than the deflection of M~;
anal veins convergent.
Abdomen dark brown. Male hypopygium with theappendages terminal in position as in M. terminans andallies ; a deep slit on mesal face of each pleurite to receive
the appendages ; lateral pleural appendage strongly curved
near two-thirds the length, the apex acute, the angle ofcurvature filled with a pale membrane; mesa1 appendage
about equal in length but not so stout, slender oa basal
third, the remainder a little dilated, the surface with tinyal)l)ressed denticles.
Hab. New Zealand (North Island).
Holotype, ~ , Wainuiomata, near Wellington, February 3,
1922 ( Geo. Howes).
Paratype, ? , Taumarunui, October 1, 1922 (T. R. Harris).
This species is named in honour of tile collector, Mr. W.
George Howe% to whom I am very greatly indebted forinvaluable material.

Molophilus irregularis, sp. n.
General coloration shiny orange-yellow; wings with astrong yellow tinge; male hypopygium with the basal
pleural appendage profoundly bifid, the lateral arm a strongly
curved spine.
Male.--Length about 3"8 mm. ; wing 4'7 ram.
Rostrum obscure yellow ; palpi brown.
Antennm ofmoderate length; scapal segments obscure yellow, theflagellum pale brown. Head yellow.
Mesonotum shiny orange-yellow, unmarked.
1)lcurayellowish testaceous.
Halteres yellow. Legs with thecoxm and trochanters yellow ; remainder of the legs broken.
Wings with a strong yellowish tinge, more intense at thebase, in the costal region, and along vein Cu ; veins yellow,
with brown macrotrichim. Venation: R4+~ and deflectionof R.~ subequal ; vein 2nd A elongate, sinuous.
Abdomen reddish yellow.
Male hypopygium very
different in structure from any similar species. Apex ofeach pleurite produced caudad into a cylindrical lobe, theapex terminating in a small chitinized spine, the surface
covered with microscopic black hooks which group to form
two distinct crests, along the lateral and dorsal margin of~ew or little-known Tipulid~.

197

each lobe. Pleural appendages two, the more distal a complex arm shaped somewhat as in M. quadrifidas, the dilated
head with dense areas of erect spinul0e ; basal appendage
profoundly bifid, forking immediately beyond the base;lateral arm a chitinized spine that is broad-based, soon ~arrowed into a strongly curved, acieular point directed caudad
and finally mesad ; mesal arm a powerful spear-like arm or
blade, dilated just before the apex, which ends iu nil acutestraight point.
Hab. New Zealand (North Island).
Holotype, ~, Mt. Ruapehu, altitude 4500 feet, February 27,
1922 (T. R. Harris).

Molophilus tanypus coloratus, subsp, n.
Female.--I~ength 5 mm. ; wing 6 mm.
Differs from typical M. tanypus, Alexander, as follows : Size larger. Mesonotum darker. A dark brown pleuralstripe extending across the mesepisternum and mesepimeron
beneath the wing-root. Femora yellowish brown, tile tips
conspicuously dark brown; incisures between the femora
and tibim not conspicuously pale. Wingswhitish subhyaline,
extensively clouded with brown, the coloration being on themembrane itself ; the chief brown areas are at the base ofRs, including cells C and Sc ; at the stigma, continued alSng
the cord; all veins beyond the cord, with the exception of
MI+~, with conspicuous brown seams near their distal ends ;conspicuous seams along the basal deflection of Cul and M3,
along Cu~, and near the base and tip of vein 2nd .4, the base,centre, and apex of cell 2nd .4 being pale. A series ofbrown dashes ott the lateral margins of the abdominal
tergites.
Hab. New Zealand (North Island).
Holotype, ?, Ohakunc, altitude 2060 feet, July 1921(~\ R. Harris). The type is preserved in alcohol.

_~habdomastix (Sacandaga) lrichiata, sp. n.
Female.--Length about 5"8 ram. ; wing 7"2 mm.
Generally similar to R. neozelandia, Alexander, differing
as follows : - Mesonotum shiny dark brown, with a thin yellowishbrown pollinosity, so that the surface appears subshiny,
without stripes. Pleura less heavily pruinose. Femoral
bases only narrowly pale. Wings distinctly tinged withbrown, the stigma distinct ; brown suffusions along the cordand vein Cu ; other longitudinal veins less distinctly seamed

198

Dr. C,. P. Alexander onwith brown. Venation: Sc long, ending about opposite
two-thirds the length of Rs, Sc~ atrophied ; tip of R~ about
its own length from the tip of R 1 ; m and the outer deflectionof M s subequal.
Macrotrichi~e of wing-veins unusually
heavy, occupying the entire length of veins R2+a and R3,
R~+.~ having about ten setm; three setigerous punctureson the distal fifth of the sector. Abdomen uniformly darkbrown, the valves of the ovipositor dark.
Hab. :New Zealand (North Island).
Holotype, ~, Ohakun% altitude 2060 feet, February 8,

1922 (T. g. Harris).
Rhabdomastix ( Sacandaga) callosa, sp. n.
Male.--Wing 4"5 mm.
Generally similar to R. otagana, Alexander, differing asfollows : Size larger. Head grey. Mesonotal praescutum andscutal lobes greyish yellow, with four indistinct brown
stripes; on the mesal cephalic portion of each scutal lobe
an oval shiny area bearing two long setae. Pleura withmore extensive dark areas on the mesepisternum and sides ofthe sternum. Wings with R3 much shorter, cells R 2 and R 3
being nearly equal along the costal margin (in otagana, cellR2 is one-half longer than R3). Macrotrichim on the veins
more numerous, there being about ten on R3, extending
almost to the fork of /~:+3 ; on the medial veins, the macrotrichim extend farther basad than in otagana; Cu2 with
about three macrotrichim, none on the distal third of thevein. Abdomen broken.
I-lab. New Zealand (South Island).
Holotype, ~ , Otago (Geo. Howes).

Orolimnophita eonnexa, sp. n.
Female.~Length 8"5 ram, ; wing 9"5 mm.
Related to O. eluta, Edwards, from which it differs as
follows : Coloration of the thoracic prmscutum reddish brown, thepleura and postuotum dark brown. Wings more greyish,
with clearly-defined brown veins. Venation: R~ fused distally for a short distance with RI ; m from one-half to twothirds the outer deflection of Ma. Macrotrichi~e on M and
Sc very sparse and scattered, practically confined to theregion distad of the origin of /~s ; ~ more transverse inposition and with but one or two macrotrichim. Abdomennew or llttle-kno~on Tipulid~.

199

dark brown. Ovipositor with the valves, especially thetergal valves, shorter and stouter.
Hab. New Zealand (North Island).
Holotype, ~; alcoholic, Ohakune, altitude 2060 feet, July
1921 (T. R. Harris).

Orolimnophila eluta flavida, subsp, n.
Female.--Length 9 ram. ; wing 9"3 ram.
Similar to O. eluta, Edwards, from which it differs as
follows : Head oehreous, darker medially. Wings with a clear
light yellow tinge, the veins slightly darker yellow.
Venation: Sc~ farther removed from the tip of Scl; ]~sarcuated at origin ; R2 oblique, close to, but separate from,
R~ at the margin; cell 1st M~ very small, almost square,tending to be open by the atrophy of the outer deflection ofMs; basal deflection of CUl longer. Conspicuous macrotrichim on Sc almost to the base ; R~ with a single macrotrichia, situated on the basal half. Abdominal tergites
concolorous with the ochreous thorax, the sternites a very
little darker. Ovipositor with the tergal valves long andslender.
Hab. New Zealand (South Island).
Holotype~ ?, Mr. Grey, Canterbury, altitude 1200-1500
feet, November 27, 1921 (J. 141. Campbell and Stuart Lind-

say).
Limnophila subtruncata, sp. n.
Male.--Length about 5 ram. ; "wing 6"3 ram.
Female.--Length about 7 ram. ; wing 8"3 ram.
Generally similar to L. truucata, Alexander~ differing asfollows : Size smaller. Wings with the brown pattern a little lessextensive. Yenation : Rs angulate at origin ; r less thanits
own length from the tip of R1; basal deflection of Cul
about two-thirds its length beyond the fork of M. Male
hypopygium with the pleurites simpl% the mesal apicalangle not produced as in truncata ; outer pleural appendage
blackened, the apex very obtusely rounded to subtruncate;
inner pleural appendage with the base enlarged, the more
slender apex weakly sigmoid in shape. Gonapophyses
appearing as two slender fleshy lobes that lie parallel, one oneither side of the comparatively small penis-guard~ theirsurface setiferous.

200

Dr. C. P. Alexander on

Hab. New Zealand (North Island).
Holotype, (~, Ohakune, altitude 2060 feet, January 18,
1922 ("11.R. Harri.~).
Allol!/pe , ?, Ruapehu, between Ohakune and Camp,
Februal\v 26, 1922 (T. R. Harris).
Limnophila otagensis , sp. n.
Allied to L. cinereipleura; wing of male over 6 ram. ;mesonotum and pleura brown; basal deflection of Cua
beyond the fork of M.
Male.--Length 5 mm. ; wing 6"2 ram.
Most closely related to the smaller L. cinereipleura, Alex.
Rostrum and palpi dark brown. Antennm brownish
black, short, with conspicuous verticils. Head greyish
brown, clearer grey on the anterior part of the vertex.
Mesonotum brown with a sparse brownish-yellow pollen, theprmscutum with indistinct darker stripes. Pleura brownish
testaceous, with no distinct tinge of grey, but With a slightindication of a darker longitudinalstripe. Haiteres yellow.
Legs with the coxm and trochanters brownish yellow;
remainder of the legs brown, the terminal tarsal segments
black. Wings similar in colonr to those of L. cinereipleura ;cell Ml larger; basal deflection of Cul beyond the fork of
M a distance approximately equal to one-third its length.
Male hypopygium with the outer pleural appendage only alittle longer than the inner appendage, unarmed. Gonapophyses appearing as very strongly curved horns, as in thisgroup of species; pems-guard with the shoulders rounded.
Hab. New Zealand (South Island).
Holotype, (~, Queenstown, Otago, December 26, 1921

( G. Howes).
Paratopotype, 1 c~, with the type ; 1 ~ ~ January 4, 1922.
Limnophila augusta, sp. n .
Male.--Length about 4 ram. ; wing 4"8 ram.
Related to L. cinereipleura, Alexander, and L. deviata,
Alexander, differing as follows : Wings very narrow, pale brownish yellow, the stigma
almost lacking. Venation: r faint, on 1¢2 about its own
length beyond the fork of R2+3, and consequently far
removed from the tip of R1; R: beyond r straight, R 3
diverging from it, so cell R~ at the wing-margin is muchwider than cell 2nd R j ; cell 21//1 small; all the cells o£ thewing are conspicuously narrowed, due to the shape of thenew or llttle-known Tipulidm.

201

wing. Male hypopygium with the outer pleural appendage
simple and acutely pointed at apex.
The body of the type is injured, so the coloration cannot
be described with accuracy.
Hub. :New Zealand (South Island).
Holotype, c~, Purau, Banks Peninsula, February 19, 1922

(J. 14z. Campbell).
Limnophila (Metalimnophila) products bankslana, subsp, n.
Male.--Length about 5 ram. ; wing 5"5 m ca.
Related to typical producta, Alex., differing chiefly inslight differences in the venation and structure of the
hypopygium.
Wings with a faint brown cloud at r-re. Venation : r very
faint ; Sc.~at tip of Sc~ and only about one-half longer thanit; cell 1st M~ relatively small with the basal deflection of
Cul just beyond mid-length. Male hypopygium with theapical angles of the pleurites produced caudad and mesad
into long slender arms as in producta; outer pleuralappendage with a small circular apical notch, the lateralarm thus formed narrow and subaeute at apex ; inner pleuralappendage with the pale apex long and slender, bent mesad
at a right angle to the remainder of tile appendage.
Hub. New Zealand (South Island).
Holotype, ~, Mount Fitzgerald~ Banks Peninsula, altitude1500 feet, January 24, 1922 (E. ~. Gourlay).

Macromastixflavidipennis, sp. n.
General coloration yellow, the pr~eseutum with three pale
brown stripes; vertical tubercle fulvous ; wings tinged withyellow, the cells beyond the cord faintly infuseated ; abdominal tergites dark brown, the bases obscure orange
laterally.
Female.--Lcngth about l 1 ram. ; wing 18"3 mm.
Frontal prolongation of the head elongate, brown ; nasus
lacking; pslpi brown. Antennm short, the scape pale testaceous yellow ; flagellum brown. Head brown with a capillary dark brown line, the orbits broadly yellowish, deepening
into fulvous on the low vertical tubercle.
l~ronotum pale brownish yellow. Mesonotal pr~escutum
yellow with three conspicuous but pale brown stripes, themedian stripe split anteriorly by a capillary dark brownvitta ; a narrow U-shaped dark mark on the cephalic marginof the prmscutum; scutal lobes concolorous with theprmscutal stripes, the median area paler; median lobe of

202

Dr. C. P. Alexander on

scutellum obscure yellow ; postnotum darker brown, paler
caudally and laterally. Pleura testaceous yellow, clearer
yellow posteriorly. Halteres pale brownish yellow, theknobs darker. Legs with the cox~e concolorous with tim
pleura ; trochanters testaceous, tinged with green ; remainderof the legs dark brown, the femoral bases pale. Wings witha strong yellowish and brownish tinge, the stigma oval, darkbrown; cell Sc dark brown, the base aud narrow apex
yellowish; the wing-base and cells C, 12, M, 1st R, and R~
are tinged with yellow ; cells Rs, outer end of R3, 1st 2]/12,
Mr, 2nd M2, M~, and Cu, are slightly more infuseated ; cells
Cu and the anal ceils greyish yellow to subhyaline; verysmall obliterative areas before and beyond the stigma and in?he base of cell lsl M~ ; veins brown, more yellowish at thewing-base. Venation: cell 2nd R1 short and broad ; petioleof cell M1 about two-thirds m ; m-cu distinct ; cell 2nd A
broad.
Abdomen dark brown, the sides of the basal tergite yellow;
remaining tergites dark brown, the basal lateral angles
broadly obscure orange ; sternites yellowish.
ttab. New Zealand (North Island).
Holotype, ? , Ohakune, altitude 2060 feet, January28,
1922 (T. R. Harris).

Macromastix albiplagia, sp. n.
General coloration pale browMsh testaceous; antennm ofc~ moderately elongate; mesonotal pr~escutum with foul"brown stripes, the intermediate pair more or less confluent ;wings greyish~ the costal region brown; ceils R and M
brown, variegated with white blotches; a very conspicuous
white area before the cord.
Male.--Length 10-11 ram.; wing 12-13"5 ram.
Female.--Length 10-12 mill. ; wing 13-16"5 ram.
Frontal prolongation of the head pale brown~ moreyellowish basally ; nasus elongate, simple ; palpi dark bro~n.
~kntennm of male moderately elongat% if bent backward
extending nearly to the base of the abdomen; scape andbasal two or three segments of flagellum obscure yellow,
the remainder passing into brown. Head ochreous to pale
brown, paler on the orbits.
Mesonotal prmscutum buff or greyish buff with four darkbrown stripes, the intermediate pair rather narrowly separated or confluent posteriorly ; scutal lobes dark; remainder
o~ mesonotum pale brownish testaceous, the sides of thenew o~" llttle-known Tipulid~e.

203

median sclerite of the postnotum darker; thoracic setm
comparatively short. Pleura pale testaceous, the mesepisternum sometimes indistinctly variegated with brown.
Halteres pale, the knobs infuscated except at the extreme
tips. Legs with the coxm and trochanters brownish yellow ;femora pale brown, the tips narrowly but conspicuously
blackened ; tib;m pale brown, the tips narrowly dark brown ;metatarsi pale brown, the tips and remainder of the tarsi
black. Wings strongly tinged with grey; cells C and Sc
bright brown; cell 1st C pale; the wing-base and cells
R and M infuscated ; a brown cloud on the distal side ofr - m ; stigma still darker brown; anal cells subhyaline,
especially on the basal third; a conspicuous white blotch
near the middle of cell M, extending slightly into cell R ; asecond very conspicuous white blotch before the stigma,
occupying cell 1st R1, the outer ends of R and Iv/, and thebases of cells 1st M2 and Ms, narrowly interrupted along Rs ;a small obliterative area beyond the stigma; veins darkbrown. Venation: distal section of vein R2 in alignment
with the basal section, short ; cell 2nd R1 with parallel sides.
Abdomen with the basal tergite and broad lateral marginsof the second segment obscure yellow ; medial line andcaudal margin of second tergite black; remaining tergites
brown, the terminal segments darker ; basal sternites yellow,
the terminal segments darker. In the female the basal
tergitcs in cases show indications of median and sublateralbrown stripes. Pleural appendages of male hypopygium
trisplnous.
Hab. New Zealand (North Island).
Holotype, c~, Ohakune, altitude 2060 feet, January 18,
1922 (T. R. Harris).
Allotopotype, ?, February 9, 1922.
Paratopotypes, 40 (~ ? , January 18-February 14, 1922.
Macromaslix albiplagia obliterata, subsp, n.
3fale.--Length 9-10 mm. ; wing 12-13 ram.
Female.--Length 12-13 mm. ; wing 14-16 ram.
Generally similar to typical albiplagia, differing asfollows : - Antennal flagellum entirely brownish black. A linear
dark brown mark on vertex. Prmscutal stripes sometimes
subobsolete, pale reddish brown, in other cases the lateral
stripes darker than the median stripe. Wings with cells
R and M not conspicuously darkened basally aI!d not20.t

Dr. C. P. Alexander onvariegated with white ; bases of anal cells not pale ; obliterative areas before the stigma and cord, and beyond thestigma, very small, almost obliterated.
Hab. New Zealand (North Island).
Holotype, c~, Ohakune, altitude 2060 feet, February 16,
1922 (T. R. Ilarris).
Allotopotype, ?.
Paratopotypes, 40 ~ ? ~ February 9-16, 1922.
The general appearance of this fly is very different fromthat of typical albiplagia, but the structure of the antennaand hypopygium is so similar that it seems best to consider
the present fly as a subspecies.

~]facromastix ohakunensis, sp. n.
General coloration grey, the prmscutum with four black
stripes; antennae short, the scape yellow, the flagellum black ;wiugs petiolate, tinged with brown ; cell Sc and the stigma
darker brown ; cell 2nd A narrow; abdominal tergites darkbrown, segments 1 to 5 obscure yellow sublaterally.
Female.--Length 7'2 mm. ; wing 10 ram.
Frontal prolongation of the head elongate, obscure yellow,
the ventral surface more infuscated; palpi dark brown;nasus elongate. Anteunfe short; scape light yellow,
flagellum black. Head greyish brown, the orbits broadly
ochreous.
Mcsonotal pr~escutum grey with four black stripes, theintermediate pair narrowly separated; scutum brownish
testaccous, each lobe with two black areas, the more caudal
the larger ; scutellum with the median lobe obscure brownish
yellow, the lateral areas blackened; postnotum brownish
testaceous, the caudal margin with two large circular blackspots. Thoracic setm not conspicuous. Pleura light grey,
the dorso-pleural membrane more yellowish.
Halteresdark brown, the base of the stem yellow. Legs with thecoxee pruinose, especially the mid-coxm; trochanters obscureyellow ; femora and tibim obscure yellow, the tips narrowly
dark brown; tarsi elongate, darkened apically. Wings
petiolate, tinged with brown, the stigma and cell Sc darkbrown, cell C a little paler; stigma completely filling ceils
Scl and 2nd R1; veins dark brown. Venation: basal
section of R: short, in alignment with tim distal section ;r provided with abundant macrotrichim; cell Cul deep;
petiole of cell 3/1 about two and a half times m ; cell 2nd Avery narrow.
3_bdominal tergites dark brown ; segments 1 to 5 broadly

~ew or little-known Tipulidm.

205

obscure yellow sublaterally, the extreme lateral margins of
the segments ochreous ; sternites obscure yellow, the caudal
margin of the segments narrowly infuscated ; subterminal
segments and ovipositor dark brown.
Hub. New Zealand (North Island).
Holotype, ? ,0hakune, altitude 2060 feet, December 25,
1921 (T. R. Harris).
Macromastix minutissima, sp. n.
Size very small (wing under 8ram.) ; general coloration
light grey ; antennm short in both sexes.
Mtde.--Length 5"8-7"3 mm. ; wing 7"2-7"4mm.
_Female.--Lcngth 6"2 ram. ; wing 7"5 mm.
Frontal prolongation of the head ochreous; nasus very
short, the apex obtuse. Antennm short in both sexes ; scapeobscure yellow, sparsely pruinose; flagellum dark brown ;flagellar segments short. Head obscure grey, clearer on theorbits and genre.
Mesonotal prmscutum light grey, with four dark grey
stripes; scutal lobes dark; remainder of the mesonotum
very light grey; thoracic setm relatively short, pale. Pleurapale, mesepisternum and sternum grey, separated hy anarrow, pale, longitudinal stripe ; posterior pleurites almost
whitish; pleurites covered with a microscopic, appressed,
woolly pubescence. Halteres obscure yellow, the base of
the knobs infuscated. Legs with the cox~e whitish yellow ;trochanters obscure yellow; remainder of the legs brown,
the femora and tibim broadly paler basally ; legs relatively
short and stout. Wings subhyaline; stigma pale; veinsbrown; all veins caudad of the radial field very delicate.
Venation : Rs a little shorter than Ro.+a; cell 1st ~]I2strongly
narrowed distally; petiole of cell M1 about 2"5 times m;basal deflection of Cul beyond the fork of .¢/, the distanceabout equal to or less than r-m ; cell 2nd A narrow.
Abdominal tergites grey, the lateral margins broadly
ochreous; sternites grey, the lateral and caudal margins
ochreous ; in the female the abdomen is more uniformly
ochrcous. Hypopygium ochreous, of very simple structure,
the ninth tergite unarmed.
Hab. :New Zealand (South Island).
Holotvpe, ~ ,Mr. Ida, Otago, altitude 4000 feet, February 20,
1921 (Geo. Howes).
Allotopotype, ?, with the type.
Paratopotypes, 3 c~ ~', with the type ; 1 ~ at 4500 feet ;1 c~ at 5000 feet, February 19, 1922.
This is the smallest species of Macromastix yet discovered.

206

Dr. G. P. Alexander on

Macromastix tapleyi, sp. n.
Size small; antennm short in both sexes; mesonotal
prmscutum brownish yellow with three plumbeous-brown
stripes; thoracic setm microscopic; wings fully developedin both sexes, faintly infuseated ; cell 2nd A narrow ; abdomen pale brown.
M a l e . - - L e n g t h 7-8"5 mm. ; wing 9-10 ram.
Female.--Length 8"5 mm. ; wing 9-10"2 mm.
Frontal prolongation of the head yellow, darker laterally ;labellm green ; palpi dark brown ; nasus conspicuous, entire.
Antennm short; scape yellow ; flagellum black, the basal
segment brown ; basal flagellar segment pyriform ; segments
beyond the second flagellar elongate-cylindrical. Head pale
brown, yellowish pollinose.
l~ronotum greenish ochreous. Mesonotal prmscutum
brownish ochreous with three plumbeous to dark brown
stripes that are rather ill-defined; lateral margins of thesclerites greenish; interspaces more or less infuscated;scutal lobes plumbcous brown; scutellum light green oroehreous; postnotum brownish green or ochreous, darker.posteriorly. Mesonotum with microscopic black setm on themterspaces. :Pleura buffy with tints of green. Halterespale, the knobs greenish brown. Legs with the coxre andtrochanters concolorous with the pleura; remainder of thelegs brown, the tips of the tibim narrowly darkened, thelong slender tarsi brownish black. Wings fully developedin both sexes, with a faint bro~vn tinge; cell Sc a little
darker; stigma oval, pale brown; veins dark brown.
Venation : petiole of cell M1 a littte longer than m ; m-cu
present; cell 2nd A narrow, in the female a little morewidened distally.
Abdomen pale brown with greenish tints, especiallybasally; in some specimens the caudal margins of thetergites are narrowly darker brown. Male hypopygium
light green; ninth tergite with a Y-shaped notch, thesurface densely set with microscopic black pegs. Ovipositor
with the tergites having a Y-shaped median apical notch;
apical angles of each half of sternum produced into aslender curved spine.
Hab. :New Zealand (South Island).
Holotype, (~, Governor's Bay, Canterbury, altitude 80 feet,February 24, 1922 (J. F. Tapley).
Allotopolype, ?.
Paratopolffpes, 28 ~ ? j January 24-March 1, 1922
(J. F. Tapley) ; paratypes , 1 ?, Lyttelton, February 2, 1922

new or little-known Tipulid~e.

207(J. W. Campbell); Mt. Ida, Otago, February 20, 1922,
6 ~ ~ at 4000 feet ; 8 d' ? at 4500 feet; 2 ¢~ d' at 5000 feet
( Geo. Howes).
The green tints above described presumably fade intoochreous in old specimens. The species is named in honourof the collector of the type-specimen, Mr. J. F. Tapley.
2tlacromastix camTbelli~ sp. n.
General coloration light green~ the prmscutum with threeorange-fulvous stripes; wings faintly infuscated ; thoracic
setm microscopic ; ovipositor with the tergaI valves separated
by a profound notch.
Female.--Length about 9"2mm. ; wing l l ' 7 m m .
Frontal prolongation of the head yellow, darker laterally ;palpi brown basally, passing into black. Antennm short,the scape greenish yellow, the first flagellar segment brown,
the remainder of the organ black. Head pale brown,
whitened on the anterior part of the vertex ; no apparent
vertical tubercle.
Pronotum light green. Mesonotat pr~scutum light green
with three orange-fulvous stripes ; scutum green, each lobe
with a conspicuous orange-fulvous area ; remainder of mesonotum light green. Thoracic setm sparse and microscopic.
Pleura greenish, testaceous, ttalteres brown. Legs withthe cox~e and trochanters pale, tinged with green ; femora
pale brown ; tibiae brown, the tips narrowly darkened ; tarsi
dark brown. Wings with a faint brown tinge ; cell Se andthe stigma darker brown; veins dark brown. Venation:
as in M. tapleyi.
Abdomen pale brown, the segments more or less tinged
with green, especially the basal tergites ; terminal segments
darkened. Ovipositor very different in structure from thatof M. tapleyi, the valves of the tergite separate, the incision
between the valves so deep that it extends beneath the caudal
margin of the eighth tergite; sternites not produced into
chitinized spines.
Hab. New Zealand (South Island).
Holotype, ?, Purau, Banks Peninsula, February 19~ 1922
(J. lJr. Campbell).
This interesting species is namcd in honour of the collector,
my friend Dr. J. W. Campbell. Macro~nastix cc,mpbelli and
M. tapleyi are closely allied, in spite of the different structureof the ovipositor. The green tints, especially conspicuousin campbelli, may fade in old specimens, but the colours seemto be as permanent as in species of the viridis groul~

208

Dr. H. A. Baylls on a

Macromastlx ferruginosa ruapehuensis, subsp, n.
Typical material of this fly was sent to Mr. Edwards forcomparison with his types of ferruginosa. He reports that
" T h e Macromastix is probably a subspecies of myferruginosa.
differing in the brighter yellow head, the rather lighter
colour of the thorax, rendering the pale patch on the pleurm
rather less conspicuous, the larger pale markings on theabdomen, the clearer wing-membrane, and the shorter stem
to cell M l; perhaps also the legs are shorter." The above
diagnosis covers the chief points in which this fly differsfrom ferruginosa, Edwards. I am very greatly indebted to:Mr. :Edwards for making this and other comparisons ofmaterial.
Hub. New Zealand (North Island).
Holotype, ( ~ Mr. l~uapehu, altitude 4000-5000 feet,
January 1921 (M. N. FVatt).
Paratopotypes, 20 c~ c~.

X V I I I . - - A Filar{id f~'om t]~e African Elepl, ant.
By H. A. BAYLIS, M.A., D.Sc.
(Published by permission of the Trustees of the British Museum.)
ONZ of the coI]ections o[ nematodes and other parasites
recently forwarded to tile BHtish Museum (Natural History)
by M,'. A. Loveridge included some material collected byhit. C. B. Goss from two elephants shot in the Lindi district
or' Tanganyika Territory. One batch of tiffs material contained, besides several other species, three female specimenso[ a Fdaria (sens. lat.), and as no adult Fila~'ia ~ has yet
been recorded from either the African or the Indian elephant,
it is thought desirable to give a brief account of this form.
The absence of a male is regrettable, but the t'~male has
certain characters which will probably prove sufficient tbr
identification should the worm be collected again. The
position in the host is given on the collector's label as the"stomach." It may probably be assumed, however~ timt theFilariids came from the peritoneum or peritoneal cavity, inthe neighhourhood of the stomach. The other species in thesame batch were determined as Grammocephalus clat]~ratus* With the exception of "Filaria " smithii, Cobbold,now referred tofile genus _Parabronema.