r r t- ,,' .- ,,- ..

.'

1,

,;.

.

NEW OR LITTLE-KNOWN TIPULIDA FROM THE PHILIPP INE S (DIP T E RA ),V 'By Cxnnr,ss P. AlmlNom
Of Amherst, Massachtnetts
ONE PI,ATE

The present report on the crane flies of the Philippines isbased on large and important collections that were made by
Messrs. R. C. McGregor, Francisco Rivera, and A. C. Duyag,
chiefly near Majayjay, on Mount Banahao, Luzon, and by thetwo latter collectors in RoYnblon Province. I wish to express
my deepest thanks to these gentlemen for their continued interest in making known the very rich tipulid fauna of the Philippines, and for their kindness in allowing me to retain thetypes of the species herein defined as new.
A critical study of the so-called genera and subgenera that
center about Li,monia Meigen has been made in recent years,
and it has becomemore and more evident that the groups constituting the subtribe Limoniaria are so plastic and grade so insensibly into one another that it is best to recognize the single
genus Limoni,a. In this report I wish to discuss the limits ofthis large and involved genus; to list the characters available
for the definition of each of the nineteen included subgenera,
as here recognized; to give a key for the separation of thesesubgenera; and to replace with new names certain of the namesthat have been invalidated by this consolidation.
THE GENUS LIMONIA MEIGEN

The genus Limonin was proposed by Meig:en in 1803. Since
that date, aberrant and apparently isolated types of crane flie,shave been added in the vicinity of Limonin, most of these having
been based primarily on the conformation of the wings andtheir venation, but a few more especially on the structure of theantenna and mouth parts. In their typical forms, these various
groups have long appeared to be quite valid, but as the fauna of
Agri'Contribution from the Departmentof Entomolory,Massachusetts
culturalCollege.
ZBg

240

The Philippine Journal of Sci,encer929

the world has become better known it has beenfound that ailof them, in some region or another, pass insensibly
toward andoverlap others, and, in almost all cases,revert
to the typical formof Limonia' It has become increasingry diffiourt
coi"ectry toassign these various nontypicar forms, andthe onry course thatremains seems to be to consider the various
members of theLimoniaria as subgenera under Limonia. Bysuch u p**edu"u,any species that are in question wilr be correcily
pru..atogenus and any error in the assignment",
wilr atreci tire subgenus
only.
The tendenciesin the genus Limonin in the
broadest senseareas follows: Antennee I4_segmented,very rarely
elongated (andthen only in the male sex), sometimes pectinate
andsome species of zernnclogrochirw). Mouth pa"tslniipian
stro"i, with
4-segmentedmaxilary parpi; gr"uiry elongatedin some Geranomgia and Zeland,oglochina;maxillary patpi
tending to rJuce in
number and size of segments. A complete
holopti-cismin a tew
species' claws usually pectinate, or atreast wiitr a *ingiu n"."rtooth. No tibial spurs. Wings with
Sc ana n ,u-iyirrg i'length and relative position in different
subgenerr arrd ,pu.iu..
The position of the- fr99 tip of Sc, and its
ort u"J .r,liting rr**
been discussedin detail., Cell M, always
lacking; condition ofcell 2d M,.and M, varying in different
subgener-aurrJ-.p..i.r;
m-cu varying greafly-in its relative position
to the fortit
U;Cu, sometimes entirely Iacking; vein 2d A present,
except in
DoaneomEia.
The following names are regarded as synonyrns: Aporosa
Macquart, 1888, equals, Geranimgia; Ataracti
Loew, 1gb0,
equals Limonia; Atgpophthalmus Brunetti,
1911, equarc U,mo_nia; Cerutostephnnus Brunetti, equals Rhipid,ia;'
Glichi,na Mei_
gen, 1830, equals Dicranomyia; Limnobia,
Meigen, 1g1g,
equals-.quui.
Limoni,a; Limnobiorrhoyncltus Westwood, mate,Cr_ranomyia; Limnomyza Rondani, lgb6, equals'SSS, plettusa
Limonia;
Fhilippi, 1865, equals Ge.ranomUtin;
Siagona Meigen, 1g80, equals
Di,cranomulia. In addition, the following
na*er,'p"opo*Ld u*
subgenera, are dropped, as being of lessthan subgeneric value:
In_Gera,nomaia (Trtph,ano Skuse, Tetraphann
St uJ", miis,phana
Edwards, Pseudaporoso Alexander) in Rhipid,ia(Monorhi,pid,ia;
Alexander, Arhipid,ia Alexander, Conorhipi.d,fo
ef u""nau" I . f fru'Alexander,
69-73.

Proe. Linn. Soc. New South Wales 52 (1927)
64_6g, figs.

241

Alerand,er : Phi.li,ppine Tipulid,a, V
The subgenera of Li.morufn are as follo'ws:
Genotype,

Subgenw.
Limonio trdeigea
Rhipidi,a Meigen. .
Dinanomgia Stephens. . .. .
Ge n n o muio Ealiday.. ... ..
Discobola Osten Sacken . . . .
Peripheroptcrc Schiner. . . . .
.L i b n o ta W4twood........
Dapanoptera Westvood. . . .
T h rw ti comyiaSkue ......
Goniodineua van der Wulp.
Zclzsa Enderlein
Doaneomuia Llexander, ., . .
Euglochina Llexsnder. ... . .
Idioglochina Alexander. . . . .
Pseud.oglochi.naLlexander. . .
Alerandriaria Garrett. . . .. .
Z elandoglochi,naAlexander. .

of typical fom.
IIola.rctic, Ethiopian.
Cosmopolitan, *cept Ethiopian.

1803
181E
1829
1833

Cosmopolitan.
C os m opol r tan, ex c ept
Zealznd.

1865

Elolarctic, Australasian.

1866
1876

Neotropical.
lfttai&scno

Westwcod1881

Australasian.
A us tr al as i an,
Ethiopian.

1889
1896
1906
t92l
1921
t92L

N ew

Or i ental ,nigricepa van der Wulp . . Oriental.
Neotropical.
f all;landica Enderlein . . .
tahil,iensi,sAle':ander. .,,Australasian.
cuneiformit de Meijere . . .l Orlental Ethiopian.
,/sir aLaAlexandq ......

1921
1922

Australasian, Oriental.
Do.
Nearctic, Oriental, Austlalasian.

L924
1926
1927

above names may perhaps be retained to indicate well-marked
groups within their respective subgenera.
The following characters and tendencies of the various subgenera may be indicated:
ILi.monia MEIcEN, Illiger's

Magaz. 2 (1803) 262.

Wings of normal form. Sc long, extending to beyond theorigin of Rs but not beyond the end of this vein; free tip of Sc,
opposite or beyond Rr; m-cu at or before the fork of M, rarely
beyondl Cu, present.
Rhipi.d.i.uMErcEN, Syst. Beschr. I(1818) 153.

Essentially a weak modification of Li,monia.,based on the pectinate condition of the antenne in the male sex. The group
grades insensibly into Li,monia and Dicranomyia.
Di.ctunomyia

SrmHENs,

Cat. Brit.

Insects 2 (1829) 243.

Wings of normal form. Sc short, Sc, ending opposite or
before the origin of Rs; free tip of Sc, usually opposite R,; m-cu
at or before the fork of M; Cu, present. Grades perfectly into
Ltmonin.

24p

The Philippi.neJournal of Science

Geronomgia,I{ll,mlr,

rs2g

Ent. Mag. 1 (1898) 164.

Essentially a modification of Limonin, ba"sedon the produced
mouth parts, and especiallythe very long labial palpi, of both
sexes. A reduction in the number of segmentsof the maxillary
palpi from four to one, this being paralleled in other subgeneriedivisions. Venation and wing form as in Li,moni,aand Di,crano'mai,a, The group grades perfectly into Li,mpni,a and Dicranomgi,a,through Pseudryorosoand others, especiallyin the Australasian and Neotropical Regions.
Discobola OsrtN SacKEx, Proc. Ent. Soc. Philadelphia I (1968) 226.

Essentially a Lim,onia with a supernumerarycrossveinin cell
1st A.
Peripheroptero ScxrNon, Verh. Zool.-bot. Ges. Wien 16 (1866) 9gg.

Essentially a Dicranomgin, eharacterizedby the unusual development of the prearcular cells of the wing, especiallyin the
male. Wings cuneiformly narrdwed at base,the apex obtusely
rounded; vein Cu, partly atrophied, persistent basally, usually
becoming obsolete opposite or before midlength of the basal
section of Cur. Grades perfectly into Di,cranom.gia,especiallyin the female sex.
Iribnotee Wnsrwooq Trans. Ent Soc. London (18?6) 606.

Essentially a Li,monin, in its typical form chsacterized by ashort, oblique Rs, long Sc, a peculiar caudad deflection of thetips of veins R, b Mn, and the gre.,t elongation of cell 2d Mr.
Wing of typical form, long and very narrow. Very numerous
specieshave been discoveredthat grade perfectly into Limoni,a.
The most satisfactory characters still remaining for separatingthesetwo groupsare thoseoutlinedby Edwards (1928); namely,
Iong Sc, Sc, usually ending beyond the fork of Rs; usually oblique Rs; position of m-cu beneathcell lst M,, sometimesas far
distad as its outer end, in rare casesat the fork of M. The
group grades insensibly intn Ltmoni,a.
DapanoptaraWnsrwooD,Trans. Ent. Soc.London (1881) S6b.

Essentially a Limonia, distinguished by a supernumerarycrossveinin cell Ru.
Thrgptiaomgio Sruso, Proc. Linn. Soc. New South Wales, II 4 (1889) ?24.

A modification of the type of DicranotnAin. Wings strongly
cuneifonmlynarrowed; Sc short; free tip of Sc, before R, i R r+e
with a strong terminal spur; fork of Rs at near three-fourths
the wing length; Cu, entirely atrophied; vein 2d A present.

40,2

243

Ale*and,er : Phili'ppi'ne T ipulid,a, V

Gonioil,ineura vAN DEB'Wulr, Tijdschr. v. Ent. 38 (1895) 37.

A weak modification of Li'bnotes, represented by a single widespread Malayan species, charapterrzed especially by the strongl
subbasal angulation of both Rs and R 2+s.
Zalusa ENDERLEIN, Zool. .|rnzeig. 29 (1906) 70-71'

A degeneratemodification of Limoruia, characterized essentially by the subapterouscondition of both sexes.
Doaneomryio AlBrr.lNoEe, Bull. Brdoklyn Ent. Soc. 16 (1921) 11.

Characterized by the total loss of vein 2d A.
petiolate basally.

Wings long-

Eugloclr,ina ALD(ANDEa, Can. Ent. 53 (1921) 207-208.

A modiflcation of Diaranomy'ia, charactnrized by the extrerne
distal position of the cord which lies at or beyohd four-fifths ofthe length of the wing. Wings cuneiformly narrowed; Sc unusually short, ending approximately opposite the tip of vein 2d
A; Rs short to very short; Cu, atrophied wholly or in part, inthe latter case ending before midlength of the basal section ofCur.
Iiliogtochi,na ALEDTANDm,Can. Ent. 53 (1921) 207.

A weak modification of Dicranomgia, distinguished especiallyby peculiar modifications of the antenne of the male sex, theventral face of the flagellar segments being Sreatly produced
and provided on the periphery with stout spinous sete. Some
species have been confused with Rhi'pidia, but the nature of theantennal modifleation is quite distinct in the two groups. The
male sex shows a notable incrassation of costa and peculiar
arcuations of certain of the veins of the radial field.
Pseu,iloglochizr.oAlmlNpB,

Can. Ent. 53 (1921) 208.

A modification of Li'monia. Wings strongly narrowed andpetiolate at base; elements of anterior cord in oblique alignment,
like Libnotes,' Scl extending some distance beyond base of Rs;
cell M, open by the atrophy of the basal section of M,; m-cu
at or close to the fork of M; Cu, persistent almost to the levelof m-cu. Edwards' has shown the affinities of this group to
Doaneomyi,a and indicated the probable manner in which theseeond anal vein of the latter group has been lost. It should
be further noted that DoaneomEia has lost vein Cu,, whereas
Pseud,oglochina has it long and persistent.
" Insects of Samoa, Nematocera (1928) 78-79.

244

The Phili,ppineJournal of Sci,ence

Alenand,riaria Garnou,

L92gProc, Ent. Soc. Washington 2a eg22,) 60.

A weak modification of Dicranomyia. The essential featuresof the venation lie in the total loss of cell M, by the complete
atrophy of m and both sections of M.. As has been pointed
out by Edwards, this is essentially a group of convenience,since
the same tendency has been found in several groups of the genus.
It is of interest to note that a Euglochina, described as nerv at
this time, has this same peculiar venation.
Zeland,oglochizp Ar,m.lwDER, Ann.
449*500.

and Mag. Nat.

Hist.

IX

19 (lg14)

Essentially a Ge'ranomyia buL with the frontal prolongationof the head short, the maxiltrary palpi at its apex and thus
appearing to lie close to base of rostum. The great elongationof the latter is made up of labial palpi. Antenne of malestrongly nodulose, in one species flabellate as in Rhipidia. In
the Maorian and Chilian subregions, the group grades insensibly
into Dicranomyia by a reduction of the mouth parts.
Zooso Eow.e.Rus,Encylop. Entomol. ser. 8., Diptera g (1926) 49.

A modification of Li.monia, distinguished especially by the
reduction in length to total obliteration of r-m by the approximation of the adjoining veins, together with the pre,senceof
supernumerary crossveins in cells R, and Ro. Too much importance should not be placed on the latter character, since it is
likewise found in certain species of Libnotes (as regal;i,sF.ldwards) for which no generic or subgeneric group is deemednecessary.
Neolimnobia Ar,uxr.wom,, Proc. Linn. Soc. New South Wales b2 (192?) 69.

Essentially a Dicranomgin with a supernumerary crossvein incell Rr.
A key to thn subgenera of the genus Limomia Meigen.
1. A single anal vein present.....-.--"-.- Doaneom,gio Alexander,
Two anal veins present---.....-....------"..
Z.
--....."..--.2. Both sections of vein Mg and m lacking, cell Ms thus always lacking-. B,
At least the distal section of vein M, present and usually both sections,
together with m, cell Mg thus usually present-....._..----_-_..---.-.-...,.---..4.
3. Cord of wing lying far distad, at or beyond four-fifths the wing length.
Euglochina Alexander, in part (Ttrojecta, sp. nov.).
Cord of wings normal, not lying beyond two-thirds to three-fourths thelength of the wing-.."--Aleuanilfiaria Garrett.
4. Wings reduced to ,mere stubs in both sexes_._Zalusa Enderlein.
Wings fully developed in both sexes-.............
........-...-.-......
b.

Alerand,er: Phi'ti'ppineTipulida, V

40,2

245

6.
5. supernumerary crossveins present in one or more cells of the wing-(except
element
a
weak
wing
of
in
Cells
crossveins
No supernumerary""--'-"-'-- 11'
evident in subcostal cell)----"'-"-"",orn"ti*",
6.Asup ern um er ar y c r os s v eininc ellls t A' . . . . . .. . D i s c o b o l o o s t e n S a c k e n '-"""""" "' 7'No crossvein in cell 1st A.--.--------radialcell-"'single-'-'----8'
7. Supernumerary crossveins in a10'"'----'-'-"--Supernumerary crossveins in two radial cells---"----'------9'
8. A supernumer,ary crossvein in cell Rt----'---"-"-'--'Westwood'
Dapanoptera
Ru
cell
in
crossvein
A supernumerary--.-----"-'--'9. Sc short, Sc, ending opposite or before the origin of Rs; supernumerary crossvein lvinJ di.tud of the tip of vein R or outer end ofcelllstM r ilYl- c uat f or k of M . . . . . . . . - . . . . . . . . - . . . . . . N e o l i m n o b i o A l e x a n d e r .
Sc long, Sc, ending beyond the fork of Rs; supernumerary crossvein
lyinj proximad of R, and outer end of cell 1st Mzl m-cu beyond
fork of M.-.--.--....-.-Libnotes Westwood' in part (fuscineruis Brunetti'
transaersalis de Meijere).
Rs on
10. r-m greatly reduced or entirely obliterated by the fusion of
Edwards'
Laosa-"'
Mr+r ------.-.--.^ofrro"*ul length..-. Libnotes westwood, in part (regalis Edwards).
than"-*
11. Mouth parts, and especially the labial palpi, lengthened, longer
12'"""""""""
longermuch
the head, usually
Mouth parts, with the labial palpi, not notably lengthened, shorter than.'""'--- 13'
the headofprolongation
frontalflabellate;rarelynodulose'strongly
Antenne12.
head short, the maxillary palpi not far from base of rostrum'
Z elanilo gloohino Alexander.
Antenne not nodulose; frontal prolongation long, forming a considerable portion of the base of rostrum, the maxillary palpi at its tip
and thus appearing remote from base of rostrum'
Geranom'Yia HalidaY.
(bipectinate,
unipectinate' ot
branched
less
or
more
13, Antenne of male
sub pe c t inat e) or wit ht helower f ac eof t h e f l a g e l l a r s e g m e n t s p r o .
-'"" 14'
doced to g:ive the organ a serrate appearance'-'15'-"--"""-"'---sexes'-'bothinsimpleAntenna
1 4.An ten ne m or eor les s dis t inc t ly br anc hed; b i p e c t i n a t e ( R h i p i d 'i a , s 's ') '(Archi'pidi'a)'unipectinate (Monorfuipidia), or subpectinatn
BhiPidtia Meigen.
produced into
segment
flagellar
each
face
of
Antenne with the ventral
sete'spinousstoutwithperiphery
set
its
lobe,
flatteneda
I d;i'oglo china Alexander.
the length of
four-fifths
beyondoratdistad,farlying
15. Cord of wings
Alexander'
Euglochina
the wing
or nearat
proximad'
more
lying
positionninCord of wings normal
wing---- 16.
two-thirds and not exceeding three-fourths the length of
Skuse'""""-""'-""-'Thrapticoryia
16. Cu, entirely lacking---------at least extendm-cu'
oppositetoextendingcases
moJ
present,
inCu,"""-" I7'
ing to midlength of the basal section of Cu'
wing
greatlydevelopetl;
regionprearcularthe
17. Wings of male with
Petipheropterd Schiner'
tip very obtuse..-.-----.-.
.Wirrgsinbot hs ex es wit hs m all, nor m alpr e a r c u l a r c e l l s ; w i n g t i p""' 18'not conspicuously obtuse
215661-8

The Philippine Journat ol Science246

18. Both Rs and Rr*,angularly

t92g

bent near origin.

Rssometimes
angulatedbutnot#"ffi:lof I z1s ""'-"'----.""r^"ru;?ffi1\i,ffiJ#..................
19.

- relatively
19. Scshort, ending opposite or before origin

sc endingsomedistancebeyondthe originof Rs.

R:::"**.i.Ti1"ld:

20' wings strongly cuneiformly narrowed Jt b"r";", Rs and anterior
cord
in oblique alignment; cell M. open by atrophy ofbasal section M,.

wings not with the abovecombinationor :;#:{:i:!3^#";:':::

anterior cord are in oblique alignment, cell 1stM, closed......
...... Zl,
21' Rs short and oblique, sc extendiig to beyond
its fork; radiar veinsdeflected strongly caudad at outer endsl m*cu beneathcell lst Mr,

Rslongerandmorearcuated,
sc notveins beyond the cord, including the radial"*::W"*Tfii:,"#*l"lf;veins, not-ieflected srrongly caudad at tips; rn-cu at, before, or only
stigtrtty b"yonJilre
to"kof M ..-.._-.....
... Limonia Meigen.

As a result of the uniting of the above
names in the single
genus Limonia, a number of specificnames become homonyms.
A certain number of these ,"" ,.o"*"dherewith, trresuinciioirrg
only species described by deceasedor inactive workers.
A considerable number of additional preoccupied
names of species
described by contemporary and active workers
rikewise exist
and it is advisable that they be renamed as soon
as praciicable.
rttrnonia (Li.monia) branettiella nom. nov., f.ot
L. (L.) confimia Btunetti, Rec. Indian. Mus. lE (1918) 290, nec L. (iiwonowii),onfinis Betgroth, Wien. Ent. Zeitung e (iSSS) ffO.
.(L.)
Amonia (Um,onia) marginella nom. nov.,
for L.
ma.rginata
Brunetti, Rec. Indian Mus. 15 (191g) 290, nec
L. (Dicranom.gia)
margi.ttataMacquart, Recueil Soc. Sc. Agr. Lille (1gi6)
181.
Limonia (Limoni,u) ni,gricans nom. nov., fot L. (L.lni.grescensBtanetti, Rec. Indian_Mus. 15 (191g) 298, nec L. (Dicianomyia)
ni._
grescensHutton, Trans. New Zealand Inst.
32 (1900) 84.
Lim,onia (Li.nania) ni,grello nom. nov., tor L. (L,) nigran,ti.aAlex_
ander, Ann. Entr-So,c, America 16 (1g2g) 60_61,-rr""
L. (Gera_noWi,a) ni,gronitiila, Alexander, Can. Ent. F3 (1921)
20UZ0g:Amonia @hipdia) willistoniona nom. nov., for Z. (.R.)
costatis Williston, Trans. Ent.. Soc. London (1g96) 2g6,
n"" i. in;^onlr)
talis Wiedemann,Analecta Entomologica (1g24)"or_10.
fiimynlal&hi.eid,ia) _punctorin nom. nov., for L. (R.) punctipennis
Alexander, Journ. New
york Ent. Soc. 22 (LgI4)
lLl, nec L. (Dicranomyia) punctipennis Skuse, proc. Linn. Soc.
New South Walesrr 4 (1889) ?61.

Alerander : Phili,ppine Ti,pulida, V

247

Limonia (Rltipidia) lunuri'osa nom. nov., for Z. (R.) uieina Llexandet,
Trans. Am. Ent. Soc. 42 (1916) 8-9, nec L. (Geranom,gia) aicina,
Macquart, Hist. Nat. d'lles Canaries, Ent., Dipt. (1838) 101.
cramptonianq' nora. nov., for L. (D,) cranxp'
Limonia (Dicranomyia)
tonia Alexander, Ent. News 39 (1926) 47-49, nec L' (Rhipidie)
cram.ptoni Alexander, Bull. Brooklyn Ent. Soc. 8 (1912) 10-11'
d.i'aisc. nom. nov., tor L. (D.) d;iaersa Ost'en
I'i,monia (Dicranomgia)
Sacken, Proc. Acad. Nat. Sci. Philadelphia (1859) 212, nec L. (Ge'ranomyia) diaersa Osten Sacken" Ibid. (1859) 207.
breaiaenula nom. nov.' for L' (D.) flaaeecens
Limoni.a (Dicratnm,gial
Dietz, Trans. Am. Ent. Soc. 47 (1921) 239' nec L. (Limania)
flauescens Macquart, Suit. a Buffon, Dipt. 1 (1834) 103.
Limonia (Dicranom,yi'al pri.maaa nom. nov.' for L. (D.) primitioa
Alexander, Ann. and Mag. Nat. Hist. IX 13 (7924) 562-663' nec
L. (D.) primitiau Scudder, Tertiary Insects (1890) 570.
rostralis nom. nov.' fot L. (D,) rostrata
Li.rnoni.a (Dicrwwwia)
Scudder, Tertiary Insects (1890) 571' nec L. (Geranomgia) ros'
trata Say, Journ. Acad. Nat. Sci. Philadelphia 3 (L823) 22,
scud.deriart'a nom. nov., f.ot L. (D') si'mplen
Limoni,a (Dicranomuia)(1890) 573, nec L. (Libnotes) simplen Os'
Insects
Tertiary
Scudder,ten Sacken, Ann. Mus. Civ. Genova 16 (1881) 202, and others'(Geranorngin) aww.bsa nom. nov.' for L. (G.) amwlato
Limonia
Skuse, Proc. Linn. Soc. New South Wales II 4 (1889) 780' nec
L. (Di^scobola) annula,ta Linneus, Syst. Nat. ed. 10 (1758) 686.
Limonio (Geranomyia) skuseana nom. nov.' for L. (G') /r.rsca Skuse,
Proc. Linn. Soc. New South Wales II 4 (1889) 780, nec L, (Dicranom,gia) fusca Meigen, Klass 1 (1804) 54, and others.
pallidu,Ia nom. nov" for I' (G.) palliila Wil'
Limonia (Geranawi.al
liston. Trans. Ent. Soc. London (1896) 284, nec .L, (DicranamAial
pallida Macquart, Dipt. exot. 1 (1838) 72.
Limonia (GeranomEia) austroptcta nom. nov.' for L. (G.) prlcf.oSkuse,
Proc. Linn. Soc. New South Wales II 4 (1889) ??8, nec L. (I'imonial
ficta Heet, Insectenfauna von Oeningen und Radaboj in Croatien
2 (18 49 ) 1 e7 .
ileaota nom. nov.' for Z. (G.) pulchelln Lle'
Limonia (Geranwwia)
xander, Trans. Am. Ent. Soc. 40 (1914, 228-229, nec L' pu'lchello'
Meigen, Syst. Beschr. 6 (1830) 2?5.
Lintonia (Geranomyia) pictorum nom. nov.' for L. (G.) pulchripennis
Brunetti, Fauna British India, Diptera Nematocera (1912) 393, nec
L. (Dicranomgia) pulchripennis Brunetti' Ibid. (1912) 376.
Limonia (Geranotngia'1 tristella nom' nov.' for Z. (G.) tristis Loew,
Linnaea Entomologica 5 (1851) 398, nec L. (Dicramomvinl tristis
Schummel, Beitr. zur Entomol. 1 (1829) 135.

248

The Phi,tippine Journat of Sci,encetszs

Limonia (Discobola) pictoralis nom. nov.,
fot L. (DisaoboLa,) pi.cta
Hutton, Trans. New Zealand Inst. 32 ,(1900)
B?, nec L. (beronomgia) picta skuse, proc. Linn. soc. New south
wales Ir i-irsssl
778.
Limonie (Discobora)_uenustura nom. nov., for L. (Discobora) ,enusta.
Osten Sacken, Berliner Ent. Zeitschr. 89 (1g94)
265, nee L. (Li_mnnio) aenusta Bergroth, Wien. Ent. Zeitg.
7 (1gggl 198.
Liltpni,a, (Peripheroptera)
austroandi,na nom, nov.,, for L. (p,) eubandi,na Alexander, Journ. New york Ent. Soc. 27 (1919)
1Bb_186,
nec L, (Dicranomgia) subond;ina Alexander, proc.
U. S. i.{at. Mus.
44 (1913) 48S.
Lim.onia (Libnotes) sackenina nom. nov., tor L. (L.,1
sim,pleu Osten
Sacken, Ann. Mus. Civ. Genova 16 (1gg1) 202,
nec L. si.mplet
Wiedemann, Aussereur. zweifl, Ins. 1 (1g2g) b4g;
nec L. simplen
Meigen, Syst. Beschr. 6 (1980) 27?.

(Thrgpticomgia) unisetosa nom. nov., for L. (7.)
LiT!"ioarcuatn
Alexander, Trans. Am. Ent. Soc. 46 (1920) 4, nec L. (Peripheroptera) arauata Alexander, Ent. News 24 (rgrs\
47t412.
TIPULIN,€
PSELLIOPIIORA

NIGRORUII

aD. nov.

Thorax entirely brack; anterior vertex abrupfly yellow; parpi
yellow; fore and middle femora black, the bases
narrowiy yet_low; posterior femora yellow, the tips blackened all tibire
black,iwith a subbasal white ring; wings dark brown, the base broadry
yellow; a paler yellow v-shaped area on the disk;aMomen withthe basal segments reddish orange, the apex, inUuAing
tfre
hypopygium, black.
Male.-Length, about 14 millimeters; wing, 14.2.
Frontal p'olongatioh of head very high and tumid,
at basefully as deep as the vertex, thus graauatty sroping
irom tirevertex to its anterior end, obscure yellow above, dark brown
Iaterally; palpi pale yellow, the distal end of the last
segment alittle darkened. Antennre with the scape and basar segmentofflagellum yellow; succeeding flagellar segments obscure yeilow,
the branches black, the apices of the segrnents narrowly pare;outer flagellar segrnents uniformly darkened. Head black,ttre
anterior vertex abrupily yeilow, the posterior marginof thisarea evenly rounded.
Prothorax, mesonotum, and pleura entirely deep velvety
black.
Halteres with the basal half of the stem yellow,-the remainder
dark brown. Legs with the coxre brack; trociranters
yellow; fore and middle femora black, with
about the""ooirt
basal40, 2

Alerander:

Plti,Ii,ppine Tipulid'a, V

249

fourth yellow; posterior femora yellow with a little more thanthe distal third black; all tibire black, with a narrow subbasal
white ring; tarsi black. Wings dark brown, the base broadly
and conspicuously bright yellow, this including the entire prearcular region and bases of the cells beyond, with the basal
third of cell 2d A of this eolor; a conspicuous V-shaped markon disk that is of a somewhat paler yellow than the base; palestreaks along vein lst A and near central portion of this cell.
Basal four abdominal segments reddish orange, the remain'der, including the hypopygium, black; basal sternites black medially, broadly reddish laterally, the amount of black increasing
on the outer segments. Male hypopygium with the lateral lobesof the tergite densely tufted with setre. Eighth sternite carinate medially, the prow-shaped apex chiefly reddish fulvous.
Nncnos, northern Oriental Negros, Lake Dako, July, 1925;
holotype, male.
By Edwards's key to the Philippine species of Pselliophora,,aP. nigrorum runs to couplet 7, agreeing with P. ti'griuentris
Alexander in the broad yellow wing bases but differing conspicuously in the entirely black thorax and the coloration of theabdomen,which has about the basal half uniformly red, the apex
entirely black.
SCAMBONEURA

PRIM/EYA

8t'. nov.

PlateI, fgs.

I and 2.

General coloration obscure fulvous yellow, the prescutum withfour shiny plumbeous stripes that are narrowly bordered byblack; antennal flagellum black; wings relatively broad, tinged
with gray; Rs and the anterior cord in approximate transversealignment, the latter not arcuated; cells of the medial field of
wing relatively wide; abdominal tergites obscure yellow, thesribcaudal portions shiny plumbeous, the caudal margins narrowly dark brown.
Fem,ale.-Length, about 15 millimeters; wing, 13.
Frontal prolongation of head deep fulvous, with a narrowdorsomedian black vitta that includes the conspicuous nasus;
palpi dark brown, the two intermediate segtnents somewhat
paler. Antennre with the scapal segments obscure yellow; firstflagellar segment dark brown; remainder of organ black. Headfulvous yellow, the anter'ior vertex narrowly lined with black.
Pronotum brown, more yellowish dorsomedially. Mesonotal
praescutum obscure fulvous yellow with four shiny plumbeous'Notulae

Entomologicae 6 (1926) 41.

250

The Philippine Journal of Science

1.szo

stripes that are narrowly margined with black; seutal lobes
similarly darkened; scutellum dark, more brownish yellow laterally, the parascutella yelrow; postnotum dark brown. pleura
obscure fulvous yellow, the meron darker; posterior sclerites,
including the pleurotergite, more testaceous yellow. Halteresbrown, the knobs darker, the base of the stem restrictedly pale.
Legs with the coxe reddish brown; trochanters pale brown;
femora yellowish brown, brighter basaily; tibie dark brovm,
thetips narrowly blackened; tarsi passing into black. Wings (flg.
1) relatively broad, tinged with gray; celr sc darker; .tigu
small, pale brown; veins dark brown. Venation: Rs very short,
in approximate alignment with the remainder of the anteriorcord, the latter not strongly bowed, as in the other know:rspecieso{ 4" genus; R, lost by fusion of R, with R21s; distal sectionof Rt,2 atrophied; forks of medial field relatively shortandbroad; m-cu very erect, its angle with Cu, obtuse.
Abdominal tergites obscure yeilow, the subcaudar portionsofthe intermediate segments more prumbeousand hig:hly polished;caudal margins of the segments narrowly dark brown; sternites
more uniformly brownish yellow. ovipositor with the genital
shield shiny castaneous; tergal valves of ovipositor yeliowish
horn color.
LuzoN, Mountain province, Benguet, pauai (Haight,s plaee),
altitude about 2,400 meters, May LgZ6; holotype, female. ^scamboneura primeua is very distinct from the other philip_
pine speciesof the genus. By the author's k"y to thespeciesof
scamboneura,i the present form would run to s.
fucita Arexander, a very different fly. The generalized conclition ofthevenation of the radial field of the wing is noteworthy andfinally
settles the argument that the small transverse element at
theproximal end of the stigma, first interpreted
as being Rs, reallyis this vein. The strongly bowed condition of the anteriircord
in the other knowrr speciesof the genus, with a smalr spur jutting basad into cell R, lead to the possibility of an alternativeinterpretation,. but the primitive condition of the venationinthe present species proves that the original explanationof thisremarkable venation is the correct one. The venation
or s.
psarophanes Alexander is shown for comparison (fig.
2).
6Philip. Journ.
Sci. gs (192?) 298.
uAlexander, Proc.
Linn. Soc. New South Wales 52 (1927) 60, fig.
b4.

4o,z

Alerander: Phili,ppine Tipulida, V

25L

Genus MACGREGOROMYIA novum

Frontal prolongation of head relatively stout, the nasus unusually long and slender. Antenne apparently only 12-segmented, the basal segment elongate. No vertical tubercle.
Legs long and slender; tibial spurs small; claws ( g ) simple.
W'ings (fig. 3) with Se. completelypreserved, Sc, short, at its
tip; Rs strongly arcuated; r-m connectingwith Rs at nearly its
own length before the fork; R2.13gently arcuatedon basal half ;free tip of Sc, and R1*2 entirely preserved, eonverging outwardly, cell Sc, bnoadestat proximal end; R, long, cell R, atmargin very wide; cell 1st M, present; all medial cellsrelatively
deep;m-cu just beyondthe fork of M i vein 2d A nearly straight.
Ovipositor with the valves chitinized, the tergal valves nearlystraight and relatively slender; sternal valves very short andhigh, nearly as wide as long.
sp. nov. (Oriental
Genotype,Macgregwomgia benguetensas
Region.)I take great pleasure in naming this new group in honor of
my friend and colleague,Mr. Richard C. McGregor, to whom I
am very greatly indebtedfor aid in a study of the rich crane-fly
fauna of the Philippines and for other kind favors. I cannot
refer the present fly to any of the describedgroups of tipuline
crane flies. The position of r-m on Rs before the fork of thelaLler provides a unique character for the definition of thepresent group. Other striking characters and combinationsof
characterslie in the retention of Sc,, the preservationof R112
and its close approximation at wing margin to the free tip of$c,, the long, parallel-sidedcell 1st M", and the position of m-cu.
MACGREGOROMYIABENGUETENSIS

sp' noY. Plate I' fg.

3'

General coloration fulvous brown, the mesonotum chiefly darkbrown; base of antenne yellow, the outer segments dark brown;
pleura pale, variegated with dark brown; legs relatively longand slender; femora obscure yellow at base, more darkened outwardly, the tips again paler; wing:s pale yellow, longitudinallystriped with brown; abdominal tergites dark brown, the caudal
margins of the segments broadly brownish yellow.
Female.-Length, about 14 millimeters; wing, 13.8.
Frontal prolongation of head brownish yellow, darker laterally; nasus long, slightly widened distally' a little brighter than
the front; palpi pale brown, the third segment brighter, theThe Phi,Ii,ppine Journol of Science

252

Ls2s

terminal segment broken. Antennre with the first segment yel_low, the second segment almost white; basal two flagellar seg:_ments yellow, the succeeding segments passing into brown.
Head dark fulvous brown; anterior vertex wide.
Pronotum chiefly brownish yellow. Mesonotal prascutumwith the disk largely covered by confluent brown stripes, thebroad lateral marg:ins abruptly yellow; margins of lateral stripes
and anterior interspaces a little darker than the stripes; scuta,llobes darkened, the median area slighily paler; scutellum darkbrown; postnotum dark brown, laterally with denseyellow pollen.
Pleura pale, the anepisternum and sternopleurite variegatedwith dark bro',vn. Halteres relativeiy long and slender, pale,
the base of the knobs dark brown, the apex paler. Legs withthe coxre dark brown; trochanters obscure yellow; femora ob_
scure yellow, darkened outwardly, the tips paling into yellow;
bases of tibie narrowly yellowish, the remainder of the legs
passing into dark brown. Wings (ng. B) with the groundcolor pale yellow, the veins conspicuously bordered with brownto produce a vittate appearance; cell C brownish yellow, paleyellow at outer end ; cell Sc more uniformly yellow; cord conspic_
uously seamed with brown; radial cells more uniformly in_
fumed, the proximal two-fifths of cell R, pale yellow; cells beyonci
cord infumed, a large area centering about cell lst M, together
with all of cell M, pale; bases of cells R and M, basal two_thirdsof Cu, vein 2d A and axilla all conspicuously -rariegated withbrown. Venation as discussed under the generic diagnosis.
Abdominal tergites dark brown, the caudal margins of thesegments broadly brownish yellow; sternites more uniformly
brownish yellow. ovipositor with the tergal valves brownish
horn color.
Luzox, Mountain Province, Benguet, pauai (Haight's place),
altitude about 2,400 meters, May, 1g26; holotype. female.
LIMONIIN,'E
LIMONIA(LIBNOTES)IGOROTAsp nov.

Plate I, fg.

4.

Size large (wing, d, over 20 millimeters) ; general coloration
yellow, the posterior sclerites of the mesonotum variegated withdark brown; antennal flagellum and terminal segments of palpi
yellow; thoracic pleura yellow, narrowly lined with dark brown;
halteres yellow; Iegs yellow, the femora only vaguely darkened
subapically on outer face; wings with a strong yellow tinge, theveins with long brown streaks, on Cu and on Ra*6 extending

4o,zAlenander: Phikppi'ne Ti'pul;ida, V

253

almost unbroken the entire length of the vein; R11z about threetimes R, alone; inner end of cell 2d M, far proximad of cell Mu.
Male.*Length, about 15 millimeters; wing, 22 by 4,6.
Roshum dark brown; palpi short, the firSt segment darkbrown, the short outer three segments yellow. Antennre withthe scapal segments dark brown; flagellum abruptly light yellow;
basal segments of flagellum with relatively short spinous verticils; outer segxnentsmore elongate. Head deep fulvous yellow,
without markings; anterior vertex reduced to a strip.
Pronotum yellow. Mesonotal prrescutum greenish yellow,
with four nearly concolorous stripes, these becoming narrowly dark brown just before the suture; scutum with themedian area greenish gray, the lobes olive-yellow with theircenters dark brown; scutellum dark brown, the medianarea obscure yellow; postnotal mediotergite dark brown, thecaudal margin narrowly yellow, the idisk with a conspicuousmedian pale area that is narrowed behind. Pleura yellow with
two narrow, slightly interrupted, dark brown, longitudinal
stripes; dorsal stripe extending from the ventral margin of the
pronotum, across the pr,opleura and anep,isternum, onto the pte.
ropleurite, interrupted beyond this by the pleurotergite, which
has only a small area above the halteres; ventral stripe interrupted, beginning on the fore coxa, including large areas on thesternopleurite and middle coxa, and above the hind coxa. Halteres entirely yellow. Legs with the fore and middle coxreyellow,
the outer face darkened as above described; hind coxa yellow;
trochanters obscure yellow; femora obscure yellow, with a barely
indicated subterminal darkening that does not form a complete
ring, the tips clear yellow; tibiee and tarsi obscure yellow, thelatter passing into black; segments, especially of the fore legswith the setee redueed to tiny spines. Wings (fig. 4) with astrong yellow tinge, the veins conspicuously seamed with brown,
the seams along Rs, Ru and Cu nearly uninterrupted; other areas
include a streak on R2*s below the fork of Sc, R' tip of R112
a long area at outer end of M1a2, outer end of cell lst M, andthe tips of the anal veins; a dark marginal seam from 1st A
almost to the tip of vein M,; veins yellow, darker in the infuscated areas. Venation : Sc, at tip of Sc, ; Rs short, oblique;R1i2 elongate, fully three times R, alone, the free tip of Sc'
carried to its extreme outer end; proximal end of cell 2d M,
lying far proximad of cell Mu; m-eu about two and one'halftimes its length be;'sn6 the fork of M.

254

The Phi,lippi,neJournat of Science.rezs

Abdominal tergites brownish yerow, with a narrow,darkbrown lateral stripe that becomesobsoleteon the oui"i ,.g-"nt.;hypopygiumyellow.
LuzoN, Mountbin province, Benguet,Baguio; holotype,male.
In its large size and general coloration o1 tf," wings,
L. W.ligorota resemblesL. (L.l regalis (Edwards), of Foilosa,Oif_feriing conspicuousryin the entire lack of supernume"uryveins, and all details of coloration of the roay, antenL, ""orranolegs. By Edward's key to the species of.Libnites,,
the present
speciesruns to couplet18, disagreeingwith both in;lui"a!"oup,of speciesby the combination of striped thoracic -pr"uru
urra
uniformly yellow harteres. The pare y"tto*and almost immacuratefemora aie conspicuous"ntu"rr"i-nueelrum
features of thepresent species.
LIUONIA(LIBNOTES) BANAEAOENSTS rp.
nov. ptrte l, da. 5.

Generalcoloration brownish gray; antenne black throughout;pleura pale yellow, with a transverse brown girdle;
legs brown,
the narrow tips of the femora and the basesk trr.
t ?ri"p"r"";wings whitish subhyaline,with a heary brown pattern,-inctuaing areasin the baseof ceil R and at the wing tip;
costalmarginr-elloy, alternating w,ith Iarger brown areas; Rs arcuated; freeof Sc, beforeR,; cells 2dM, and M, with their innerlip
endsintransverso alignment.
,Ser?.-Win g, 6.7 millimeters.
Rostrum about one-ha* the length of the head, palebrownbasally,the apex and palpi black. Antenna
black throughout;flagellar segmentsrong-ovar,the unilateraily arrang"a -uu]"ti"it,approximately trvice the segments. posteriorvertex dark, thenanow anterior vertex more gra5zish. Eyes large,*nliguor*
or virtually so on dorsutn
Mesonotumalmost uniformly brownish gray,the prescutumwith a mediandarker brown stripe; scuterum*o""i"*tu.uoo*;
pleurotergite yellow. pleura pale yellow,
with a brown trans_versegirdle, invorvin_g
the cephalicportionsof the u""pi*i*nur
and steraopleurite,
posterior mlrgin of theo""o-[*", _a,thethe fore eoxe. Haltereselongate,daik bnown. Ld. ;iir, trr"
fore coxe dark, the remaining coxre andall trochanters paleyellow; femorabrown,-thebasesparer,the extrem.lip*-""*"*ryyellow; tibie brown,.thetins
natinsiinto browntJ ;;lt;;basat
two tarsar segments yeuow, the terminal'brack.
r"*""*
wings (fis. b) whitish subhyarine,with a hear,yu-"o-*n-i"itu"r''Journ. Federated Malay States Mus. 14 (lglg)

74_g0.

4o,2

Alerand,er: Phi'lippine Tipulidn, V

255

costal margin in cells C and Sc yellow, alternating with extensive brown areas above h, over origin of Rs, tip of Sc and thesmall stigmal area above the end of R; wing apex in cells R, andR, broadly infumed; an extensive dark cloud in base of cell R;
broad, conspicuous brown seams along Cu, the cord, outer endof cell lst M,, Rz+aRu and the tip of 2d A; veins dark brown,
yellow in the costal interspaces. Venation: Sc. extending toshortly beyond the level of r-m; Rs gently arcuated, nearly threetimes the basal section of Rals; free tip of Sc, about its own
length before Rr; radial veins long and extending generally
parallel to one another to margin; cell lst M, elongate, gently
widened distally, the proximal ends of cells 2d M, and M. intransverse alignment; m-cu about its own length beyond forkof M; vein 2d A strongly oonverging toward lst A on basal
half, thence diverging strongly to margin.
Abdomen with the basal segments greenish yellow, a little infumed; abdomen broken beyond the third segment.
LuzoN, Laguna Province, above Majayjay, trVlountBanahao,
altitude over 500 meters, June 10, 1928 (n. C. McGregor) ; holotype.
Li,monti,a (L) banahaoensis belongs to the group of the subgenus that includes small Li,moni,a-like forms, with the transverse veins at outer end of cell 1st M, in alignment. By
Edwards's key to the species of Libnotes,8 the present species
runs to couplet 36, disagreeing with both groups in the small
stigma and clouded wing apex. The coloratiorr of the wings
readily separates this speciesfrom all forms so far described.
LIMONIA(LIBNOTES)

RMRAIsD. nov.

Plste

l'

fig. 6.

General coloration gray; rostrum, palpi, and antennre black;femora brownish yellow, the tips narrowly and inconspicuously
brownish black; wings grayish subhyaline, the prearcular region
more whitish; stigma lacking; free tip of Sc, and R, in alignment; proximal ends of cells 2d M, and M, in alignment.
Female.-Length, about 6 to 7 millimeters; wing, 6.5.
Rostrum and palpi black, the former about one-half the lengthof the remainder of the head. Antenne black throughout, theflag:ellar segments oval, sotnewhat long:er outwardly, the terminal segment nearly twice the penultimate. Anterior vertex
narrow, silvery white; remainder of head dark gray, the posterior orbits paler.
a Loc. cit.

The Phi,li,ppine Journal of Science

256

7s2s

Mesonotum dark brownish gray, the prrescutum with threepoorly defined darker brown stripes; posterior sclerites of mesonotum clearer gray. Pleura dark grayish brown, the dorsopleural region paler. Halteres with the stem yellow, the outerend and the knobs dark brown. Legs with the cox€ dark, concolorous with the pleura ; trochanters obscure yellow; legs relatively long; femora brownish yellow, the tips narrowly brownish
black; tibire brown, the tips narrowry darkened; tarsl brownish
yellow, the terminal segments blackened. Wings (fig. 6) gray_ish subhyaline; prearcular region pale; cel Sc a iitfle more
infumed; stigma lacking; veins dark brown. Venation: Sc.
ending about opposite midlength of basal section of Ra1s,Sc,
close to its tip; Rs about twice the basal section of Ra15,thebasal half more oblique, the distal half more arcuated; free tipof Sc, in alignment with R,; cell lst M, relatively elongate but
shorter than the veins issuing from it; inner ends of1eils 2d
M, and M, in alignment; m-cu at near three-fifths to two_thirds
the lengh of cell 1st M,; 2d anal vein diverging genily fromlst A, beyond the base gently sinuous, the cell broad.
Abdomen dark brown. ovipositor with the valves reddish
horn color; tergal valves slend"er.
LuzoN, Laguna Province, above Majayjay, Mount Banahao,
altitude over 500 meters, May 80, lg?g (R. C. McGregor and.
Francisco Ri,ue'ra); holotype, female; paratopotype, female.
"On small tree trunk in open fleld, far from water.',
I take great pleasure in naming this intere sttng Limonia inhonor of the collector of many of the specimens stuaiea in connection with the present report, Mr. Francisco Rivera. Li,monia (L.) riuerai differs from all similar Limoni,a-tike speciesof the subgenusLibnotes in the gray coloration of the thorax andthe unmarked wing. By Edwards's key to the species of thesubgenus,othe present specieswould run to coupret bb, disagreeing with both sets of characters in the immacuLte wings. 'LIMONIA(LIBNOTES)DUYAGIsp, nov.

platet, fig. Z.

Ground color reddish yellow, the thorax heavily variegatedwith brownish black, including three prascu.tal stripes; knobsof halteres Iight yellow; legs chiefly yellow, the fore femorawith a narrow dark brown subterminal ring; wings subhyaline,
the costal border and base more darkened; stigma smali, subcircular, darker brown; Rs long; cell 2d M, a litfle longer thans Loc. cit.

40, 2

Alerander:

Phi.lippine Tipulida, V

257

cell Mu; m-cu at near midlength of cell lst M, ; anal veinsnearly parallel at base.
Female.-Length, about 6.5 millimeters; wing, 6.8.
Rostrum and palpi black. Antenna with the scape black, theflagellum much paler, light brown; flagellar segments oval, theverticils not conspicuous. Head dark brownish gray with ablackish rnedian line; eyes broadly contiguous on the vertex.
Pronotum narrowly black medially and laterally, paler oneither side of the median line; posterior notum obscure yellow.
Mesonotal prascutum with the ground color reddish yellow, thethree stripes black, very extensive, confluent behind or nearlyso; median stripe constricted and diluted with reddish opposite
the anterior ends of the lateral stripes; scutal lobes dark brown,
the median area yellow; scutellum brownish black, the baseobscure yellow; postnotum brown. P,leura obscure yellow,
sparsely variegated with brown, the most distinct area on theanepisternum; dorso pleural region more or less darkened.
Halteres pale, the base of the stem and the knobs light yelow.
Legs with the coxe and trochanters yellow, the fore coxe darker; fore femora yellow with a narrow dark brown subterminal
ring, this narrotver than the yellow apex beyond; remainingl
femora with the subterminal dark annulus more diffuse, only theouter end clearly delimited; tibie yelilow, the tips very narrowly
and vaguely darkened; tarsi yellow, the outer three segxnents
dark brown. Wings (fig. 7) subhyaline, the prearcular region,
cells C and Sc, and a more-diffuse costal border extending to thewing tip brown; stigma subcircular, darker brown; caudal
border of wing more vaguely infumed; a narrow brown seamat origin of Rs; bases of cel,ls R, M, Cu, and lst A a little
clouded; veins dark brown. Venation: Sc, ending shortly
beyond r-m, Sc, a short distance from its tip; Rs long, rather
strongly arcuated, some five times the basal sect'ion of Ra15 ifree tip of Sc, and R, in alignment; cell 2d M, a little longer
than cell Mr; cell lst M, elongate, m-cu at near midlength, alittle shorter than the distal section of Cu'; anal veins nearlyparallel at origin, vein 2d A gently sinuous.
Abdominal tergites dark brown, the sternites more bicolored,
the bases and apices of the individual segments yellow, theformer more broadly so, the intermediate portion dark brown.
Ovipositor and genital segment reddish yellow, the base of thesternal valves blackened; tergal valves relatively small andslender, upcurved.

The Philippine Jmtrnal of Science

258

Lszs

LuzoN, Laguna Province, above Majayjay, Mount Banahao,
April 24, 1928 (A. C. Dugag).
This interesting Libnofes is named in honor of the collecror,
Mr. A. C. Duyag, who has eollected many interesting speciesof Tipulide. By Edwards,s key to the species of this subgenus,10the present species would run to L. (L.) megalops (Ed_wards), of Borneo. The latter differs in the uniformly ocherous
thorax, brown halteres, and details of the wing pattern andvenation.
LIMONIA(LIMONIA)

IMPERSPICUA

Ep. nov.

plrte

l,

figi. B.

General coloration reddish brown, the praescutumwith adarker brown median stripe; legs brownish blaek, the femoral
basesyellow; wings with a brownishsuffusion,the costalmargin
narrowly dark brown; this continuedoutwardly to beyondthewing tip; male hypopygium with the rostrar prolongation of theventral dististyle very long and slender, the two spines arisingfrom a commontubercle placed at the baseof the prolongation.
Mole.-Length, about 8 millimeters; wing, 9.2.
Rostrum and palpi black. Antennre with the scapalsegments-black,the flagel,lum broken. Head dark gray, ihe aiteriorvertex lighter gray; eyesshrunken but apparenfly broadly contiguous above.
Mesonotal prrescutumdark reddish brown, with a darker
brown median stripe; ,scutumtestaceousyellow, each lobe witha large brownish black area; seutellumdark brown, the base
medially pale yellow; postnotum brownish black, the cephalicmargin narrowly paler. pleura pale brownish yellow, with aconspicuousbrownish black girdle that includesthe anepisternum and sternopleurite; propleura Iess distincfly infuscated;a dark spot on the ventral pleurotergite. Halteres palg theknobs infuscated. r,egs with the coxe brownish yeilow, thefore coxe brownish black at base; trochantersobscurey"ilo*;
femora dark brow:r, the bases narrowly yellow, the tips veryvaguely pale; remainder of legs black; claws elongate,with asingle long basal spine. Wings (fig. 8) with a brownish suffusion, cells C and Sc still darker, the color continued as anarrow costalseamto beyondthe wing tip; stigma small, oval,
darker brown; smal,lvague brown s"a-s at origin of Rs, along
the cord, and in the axillary region; veins darh brown. Vena_
tion: Sc, ending about oppositetwo-thirds the length of Rs, Sc,
10 Loc. cit.

40, 2

Alerander: Phil;i,ppi,neTi,pul;ida,V259

at its tip; Rs nearly straight beyond base, the distal third morearcuated; free tip of Sc, in alignment with Rr; cell 1st M, about
as long as vein M. beyond it; a small spur jutting basad intocell lst M, at the bend of Mu; m-cu at fork of M, a little longer
than the distal section of Cu,.
Abdomen dark brown, the caudal margins of the segxnents
slightly paler; hypopygium dark. Male hypopygium with theninth tergite transverse, the caudal margin evenly rounded, only
vaguely ernarginate medially. Basistyle with the mesal lobe relatively large and conspicuously setiferous. Ventral dististylefleshy, the rostral prolongation slender, chitinized, the twospines placed at the base of the prolongation, arising from acommon tubercle, gently curved, shorter than the prolongation
alone; face of style near prolongation with a long, fleshy lobe
that terminates in two long sete. Dorsal dististyle a slender, angularly bent, chitinized rod that narrows gradually to theslightly decurved acute tip. Gonapophyses extensive, broadbased, narrowed gradually to the more slender apical points.
LuzoN, Laguna Province, above Majayjay, Mount Banahao,
altitude over 500 meters, June 2, 1928 (R. C. McGregor); holoWpe, male.
The peculiar structure of the male hypopygium is approachedby Limonia (Libnotes) termiti,na (Osten Sacken), another fact
in the long ehain that has been accumulated to prove the close
relationship existing between the various groups of limoniine
fipulida.
LIIiIONIA(EUGLOCEINA)PBOJECTA

ap. nov.

Platet, figs. I and 94.

General coloration dark brown; proximal ends of basitarsi
blackened; wings elongate, cuneiformly narrowed at base, suffused with brown, especially on the costal and apical portions;Sc, ending opposite the end of vein 2d A; cell M, lost by thecomplete atrophy of m and both sections of vein M..
Male.-Length, about 6.5 to 8 millimeters; wing, 6 to 7.5.
Fethale.-LengJh, about 6 to 6.5 millimeters; wing, 6 to 7.
Rostrum and palpi dark brown. Antennre with the scapal
segments brown, the flagellum somewhat darker; flagellar seg:ments elongate-fusiform, the longest verticils unilaterally
arranged. Head black, the anterior vertex broad, more silvery.
Mesonotum dark brown, the pleura more yellowish testaceous.
Halteres elongate, pale, the outer end of the stem and the knobs
dark brown. Legs with the coxe and trochanters yellowish

The Philipp'ine Journal of Sci,ence

260

tszs

testaceous; femora and tibire black; basitarsi black at base, theremainder of tarsi snowy-white. Wings (figs. 9, go) long andnarrow, the basal pedicel unusually long; membrane with abrownish suffusion, the costal region and apex darker brown I
stigma long-oval, dark brown; veins black, the obliterative areas
extensive. Venation: Sc short, ending opposite or just before
the level of the end of vein 2d A, Sc, at the extreme tip of Sc,;
cord lying unusually far distad, at or beyond five-sixths of thelength of the wing; Rs short, less than the angulated basal
section of R a15; free tip of Sc, and R, in alignment; cell M,
lacking by the atrophy of m and both sections of vein M,; m_cu
more than one-half its length beyond the fork of M; Cu, lacking.
Abdomen brownish black, including the hypopygium.
TAnlAS, Bad.ajoz,August 2l,1^g%g(Franci,scoRiaera and,A. C.
Dugag); holotype, male; allotype, female; August 20 to 27, Lg2g,nine paratopotype males and females. RouBLoN, August 16,
1928 (Francisco Riaera and,A. C. Duyag), paratype male.
Limoruia (Euglochi.na) projecta marks the extreme tendency
of venation in the subgenus. The cord ries far distad and cell
'1\{, is entirely lacking by the atrophy of m and both sectionsof vein M,, the latter condition being identical with the subgenus
Alenandri,aria Garrett
I have seen another species of Eugtochina from Sumatra with the same peculiar venation.
EELIUS(UELIUS)ARCUARIUS

sp. noy.

ptster, fg.

10.

General coloration brownish yellow, the pleura clearer yellow;
rostrum relatively long and slender; antenne black throughout;legs brownish black, the tarsi paling into yellowish brown; wings
subhyaline, the costal margin narro.arly infuscated; R213long,strongly arcuated at origin, beyond the base running parallel toR, or nearly so, this parb of cell R, greaily ,,arro*"d; cell 1stM, long, m-cu near its base.
Male.-Length(excluding rostrum), about 4.b millimeters;
wing, 5.6; rostrum alone, about 0.7.
Rostrum relatively long and slender, approximately twice theremainder of the head, brownish black; palpi black. Antenna
Ionger than the rostrum, black throughout; flagellar segments
long-oval, with an abundant erect pubescence. Head black.
Mesothorax almost uniform,ly brownish yellow, the dorsum
darker medially, the pleura crearer yellow. Halteres darkbrown, the base of the stem narrowly pale. Legs long andslender, the coxe and trochanters obscure yellow; femora andtibie brownish black, the femoral bases narrowly paler; tarsi

4o,2

Ale*ainder: Philippine Tipulida, V

26L

paling to yellcrwish brown. Wings (fig. 10) subhyaline, cells
C and Sc and the stigmal region infuscated to produce a dark
costal border; veins brown. Venation: Sc, ending shortly
beyond r-m, Sc, indistinct; Rs gerntly arcuated; R 2;s long,strongly arcuated at origin, beyond the base lying close b R.,
this part of the cell being narrow and generally parallel-sided;
cell R, at margin a little more than one-third cell Rr; r-m justbeyond the fork of Rs; cell 1st M, long-rectangular, shorter thanthe veins issuing from it; m-cu just beyond the fork of M, near
the base of cell 1st M,.
Abdominal tergites dark brown, the sternite obscure yellow;
hypopygium dark. Male hypopygium with a conspicuous setiferous lobe on mesal face of basistyle, much as in most speciesof Limonia. Outer dististyle shorter than the inner, narrowed
to the simple obtuse apex. Gonapophyses with the mesal hookvery long and conspicuous.
LuzoN, Laguna Province, above Majayjay, Mount Banahao,
altitude over 500 meters, June 3, 7928 (R. C, McGregor) ; holotype, male.
Helius arcuariu,s is a very distinct species, in the darkened
costal margin of the wing agreeing most closely with I/. fu,nrtcosta Edwards, an otherwise entirely diffierent fly. In the peculiar arcuation of vein R z+a, it agrees with f/. langinerais
Edwards, a member of the subgenus Ewhamphide-o Alexander,
with r-m placed before the fork of Rs. The genus Helius includes a wide range of types, some of which well warrant subgeneric separation.
LECHRIALUZONICA

ap. nov.

Platel. fg.

11.

General coloration shiny chestnut brown, the pleura moreyellowish; antennaeblack, the first scapal segment yellow; hea
dark gray ; legs brownish black; cell lst M, of moderate length;m-cu about one and one-half times its length beyond the forkof M and some distance before the level of r-m.
Male.-Length, about 5 millimeters; wing, b.b.
Femnle.-Length, about 6 millimeters; wing, Z.
Rostrum brownish yellow; palpi brownish blaek. Antennre
with the first scapal segment yellow, the remainder of the organ
black; flagellar segments suboval. Head dark gray; eyes above
broadly contiguous.
]Iesonotum shiny chestnut brown, the pleura more yellowish.
Halteres brown, the base of the stem yellowish. Legs with thecosre and trochanters yellowish; femora brownish black. the2{56t1-9

262

The Philippi,ne Journol of Sci,enceTszs

bases narrowly and vaguely paler; tibie and tarsi dark brown.
Wings (fig. ff) subhyaline, the costal reg:ion more yellowish;
veins brownish black, C, Sc, and R paler. Venation: Sc, at tipof Sc' both lying shortly beyond the fork of Rs; cell lst M,
relatively short (as compared with L. phi,Ii,ppinensis); m-eu
about one and one-half times iLs length beyond the fork of M,
at about one-third the lower face of cell lst M,; r-m lying distinctly distad of m-cu.
Abdominal tergites dark brown medially, paler brownish
yellow laterally; sternites obseure yellow; eighth segment blackened; male hypopygium brownish yellow.
LuzoN, Bulacan Province, San Jose del Monte, July g, 192g
(R. C. McGregor); holotype, male; allotype, female; paratypes,
three males and females.
Leclwtn luzoruica seems to be most closely allied to L, ptti,Ii,ppinensi,s Alexander, despite the appearance of cell 1st M, which
is more like the normal condition in the genus. From L. tu.cid,ade Meijere and L. bengalensis Brunetti, it differs notably in thecoloration of the body and legs, as well as in the details of venation. A figure of the venation of Lechria phi,tippi,nenszsAlexander (fig. 12) is given for comparison.
Key to the Philiryinc speoiesof Lech,riaSlcuse.
Wings (fig. 12) vrith the costal cell brown; cell 1st Mr verf long andnarrow, m-cu only a short distance before the level of r_m, fully
twice its length beyond the fork of M; abdominal segments obscureyellow, at base narrowly cross-banded with brqwn.
L. phikppinensis Alexander.
'Wings (fig.
11) with the costal cell yellowish; cell 1st M, of normal
size, m-cu some 'distance before the level of n-m, about one andone-half times its length beyond the fork of M; abdominal tergites
obscure yellow with a brown dorsomedian stripe; sternites uniformly yellow...-.-_-_-......._L.
Luzonica sp. nov.
ERIOCERAFLAVIDIBASIS

ap. noy.

General coloration hrownish black, sparsely pruinosel anterrnal scape black, the flagellum brownish yellow; legs entirely
brownish black; wings dark brown, the broad base and a conspicuous discal area yellow; cell M1 present but tending to beevanescentby atrophy; abdomen brownish black.
Male.-Length, about 11 millimeters; wing, 14.
Rostrum and palpi black. Antennm short, the scapal segments black, sparsely dusted with gray; flag:ellum conspicuously
brownish yellow, the outermost segments a little darker. Headdull brownish gray.

4o,2Alerander: Philippi,ne Tipul;id'a, V

263

Mesonotum dark brownish gray, the prascutum with three
more glabrous, nearly concolorous stripes. Pleura brownish
black, dusted with gray, the pleurotergite transversely ribbed
with finer lines. Halteres brownish black. Legs entirely
brownish black, all legs relatively stout. Wings strongly suffused with brown; wing base broadly light yellow, the color
including all the prearcular region, the basal third of cell C
and the narrower bases of cells Sc, lst A, and 2d A, the former
a little deeper in color than the two latter; the discal pale area
relatively narrow in cell R,, slightly wider behind, not crossing
Cu, pale yellow in color. Venation: Cell M, present, in bothwings of the type, vein M, represented only by a basal spur,
the apex atrophied; m-cu beyond midlength of cell lst M,, about
twice the distal section of Cu,.
Abdomen brownish black, subnitidous, the caudal margins of
the tergites narrowly paler; hypopygrum black, with long conspicuous yellow seta.
LuzoN, Mountain Province, Benguet, Adaoay, April, 1924;
holotype, male.
By Edwards's key to the Philippine species of Eriocera,r\ E.
flaaid;ibasi,sruns to couplet 9. It agrees with E. grisei,eollis Ed,wards in the retention of cell M, and the stout legs, differingin the coloration of the body, antennre, and wings. From "D.
crass'ipes Bezzi, the present species differs in the stout fore andmiddle legs, the general coloration and venation.
ERIOCER.A

GLABRMTTATA

sp. nov.

General coloration black, the mesonotal prrescutum velvety
black, the usual three stripes shiny plumbeous black; femora
yellow, the tips broadly blackened; wings broad, the base, especially in the anal cells, and a broad discal area whitish; cell M,
lacking; abdominal terg:ites subnitidous, blue-black; basal shieldof ovipositor brown, densely covered with an appressed golden
pubescence.
Femnle.-Length, about 16 millimeters; wing, 15.
Rostrum and palpi black. Antennre broken. Head black,sparsely pollinose.
Mesonotal prrescutum velvety black, the usual three stripes
separate, shiny plumbeous black; centers of the scutal lobes similarly glabrous; scutellum black, sparsely pruinose. Pleura
black. Halteres brownish black. Legs with the coxa and trochanters black; femora yellow, the tips broadly blackened; tibie" Notulae Entomologicae 6 (1926) 38-39.

261

The Phi,li,ppi,neJournal of Sci,ence

1.sze

black, on at least one leg (detached) just beyond the base andextending for about one-half the length of the sclerite brownish
yellow; tarsit black. Wings broad, suffused with darkbrown,
the prearcular region extensively brighter, almost whitish, inthe costal region passing beyond h; bases of both anal ceils
broadly whitened, the remainder of these cells grayish; a broad,conspicuous, whitish crossband before the cord, this generally
parallel-sided, extending from R to cu; veins pale brown,mo,reyellowish in the discal pale area. venation: cell M, lacking;m-cu immediately before midlength of cell lst M,.
Abdominal tergites blue-black, subniti)dous, without palemarkings; sternites more reddish brown. ovipositor with thedorsal shield brown, densely covered with an appressed gorden
pubescencelvalves elongate, slender, reddish horncolor.
LuzoN, Mountain province, Benguet, pauai (Haight,s plaee),
altitude about 2,450 meters, April l, rgzS
lFranciico Riaeray;holotype, female.
By means of Edwards's key to the philippine speciesof Eriocera,,12the present species runs to couplet B, disagreeingwithboth included species in the diagnostic characters inJicatedabove.
DRIOCERACARBONIPES

sp. nov.

General coloration of head and thorax dark grayish black, theprescutum with three glabrous plumbeous
black stripes thatare confluent behind; legs and halteres entirely black, the former
relatively slender; wings dark brown, the bases of the anal cells
and a conspicuousarea before the cord white; cel M, lackirrg;
abdomen shiny blue-black, the hypopygium blackMale,-Length, about 12 millimeters; wing, 12.g.
Rostrum and palpi brack. Antenna with the scape brack;
flagellum broken. Head duil grayish black.
Mesonotal prrescutum duil black, with three shiny plumbeous
black stripes that are entirery confluent behind, the hurnerar
inter-spaces being restricted to elongate triangles; posteriorsclerites of mesonotum similariy dark leaden gray. pleura
black, sparsely pruinose, especially on the pleu.oie"gite.
Hal_teres black. Legs relatively slender, entireily bia&.
Wings
dark brown, the bases of the anal cells broadry whitened;lostarcell before h a little pale; a conspicuouswhite discal
area before
cord, extending from vein R, to Cu,; veins dark brown.
Vena_" Loc. cit.

4o,zAlerond,er: Pluilippine Ti,pulida, V

ZGi

tion: Cell M, lacking; m-cu at midlength of cell lst M' morethan twice the distal section of Cu,.
Abdomen shiny blue-black, the hypopygium black.
LuzoN, Mountain Province, Ifugao, Kiangan, altitude about
1,000 meters, March, L925 (Francisco Ri.aera) ; holotype, male.
By Edwards's key to the Philippine species of Eriocera,'3 thepresent species runs to couplet 9, disagreeing with both included
species in the slender legs. It closely resembles E. glnbri,aittata sp. nov., differing most conspicuously in the entirely black
legs.
(MONGOMA)LUZONENSIS

Trentepoltlia, (Mongoma)
cae 6 (1926) 37-38.

Edwards.

Plate

l,

fig.

buzonensis EDwARDs, Notulae

13.

Entomologi-

Edwards's uniq'ue type, a female, v'as from Mount Banahao,
collected in June, 1914, ;by Boettcher. I have seen a few additional specimens of both sexes from the same locality, collected
above Majayjay, by Mr. A. C. Duyag. The male sex has notbeen described and is herewith characterized as allotype. The
present material is in better preservation than the type and a
few additional facts are noted.
Female.-Length, 13 millimeters; wing, 9; fore leg, femur,
12.5; tibia, 16.2; tarsus, about 12.5; hind leg, femur, 13.5; tibia,
14.2; tarsus, about 8.5.
Allotgpe.-Male.
Antennae with the basal segment darkbrown, paler beneath; second segment obscure yellow; basal
segment of flagellum yellowish, the outer segments darkened;flagellar segments elongate, without long conspicuous verticils.
Mesonotal prescutum chiefly yellow, the broad lateral margins
blackened; a narrower median black vitta begins behind the
cephalic margin and ends before the suture, being replaced bya pale yellow vitta that continues backward onto the postnotum;
scutal lobes extensively blackened, the median area and scutellum more testaceous yellow. Pleura reddish yellow, the pteropleurite and posterior pleurotergite more blackened. Legs very
long and slender, as shown by the above measurements. Wing
(fig. fg) whitish hyaliqe, the costal margin yellow; veins black,
C, Sc, and R conspicuouslyyellow; prearcular veins and the baseof cell Cu, narrowly yellow; stigma dark brown; very narrowdark seams on m-cu and adjoining portions of vein Cur; a dark
spot between anal veins near origin. Venation: Rs long and'" Loc. cit.

266

The Philippine Journat of Science:lazs

nearly straight; R rlr*n long, gendy sinuous; R, a litfle longer
Rr*n j tipl-of R" and Rn pale; proximal end of cell M, alharr
little basad of that of cell Ru; apicar fusion of cu, andlst Aslight.
Abdominal tergites chiefly dark brown, the outer segments
more extensively brownish yellow; terminal segments blackened; steraites more yeilowish, the caudar margins of theoutersegments blackened.
The middle legs, broken in the type, have the tips of the tibia_
broadly blackened, as in the fore legs.
LuzoN, Laguna province,. above Majayjay, Mount Banahao,
May 10, 1928 (A. C. Dugag); allotype, male, and two additional
specimens.
TRENTEPOELIA(MONGOIIA)POLIOCEPEALAsD, nov.

ptate

1, trg.

14.

General coloration light yellow; head light gray; legs testaceous yellow, only the terminal tarsal segments slighfly dark_
ened; wings subhyaline, veins pale brown; cell lst M, small;inner end of cell M, proximad of that of celr zdM,; apicat fusionof veins Cu, and lst A subequal to m.
Male.-Lery$h, about 4 millimeters; wing, 4.6.
Female.-Length, about 4.g millimeters; wing b.
Rostrum yellow, the palpi very slighfly darker. Antenne
relatively long, in male, if bent backward, extending about
tothe base of the halteres; basal segments yeilowish testaceous,the flagellar segments beyond the base dark brown; flageilar
segments subcylindrical, gradually decreasing in size outwardly;
verticils relatively inconspiouous. Head light gray, the anteriorvertex very narrow.
Thorax entirely light yelrow, unmarked. Harteres short, pareyellow. Legs with the coxre and trochanters pale yellow;
re_mainder of legs testaceous yerow, the terminat tarsat segments
scarcely darkened; a few conspicuouslong black setre atiipsoffemora. W'ings (fig. 14) subhyaline, the costal region slighily
more yellowish; veins pale brown, those of the costal region
glishtly more yellowish. venation: Rs a trifle ronger than thebasal section of Ru; R, about one-harf its rength before thefork
9f Rr+r; cell R* large; cell Lst M, small, irregularly hexagonal;
basal seetion of M. long, arcuated, the inner end of the cerfrying
proximad of cell Zd.M"; m-cu about two_thirds
its length before
the fork of M; apical fusion of Cu, and lst A suneqult to m.
Abdomen brownish yellow, including the hypopygium,thecaudal margins of the segments a litile paler.

4o,zAlerander: Phi,Ii,ppi,neTi,puliila, V

267

The allotype female is generally similar to the male, diffe,ring
as follows: Pleura and abdomen darker, this probably catlsed
by decomposition of tissues within the body; cell lst M, a little
more elongate.
LuzoN, Laguna Provincg above Majayjay, Mount Banahao,
altitude over 500 tneters, May 26, 1928 (R. C. McGregor andFruncisco Riaera) ; holotype, male; allotype, female.
By the author's key to the Philippine species of Trentepohlia,'a T. pol;i,oceph,aloruns to couplet 3, differing from bothincluded species in the diagnostic characters as listed. In its
pale yellow coloration and small size, the present form agtees
with ?. (M.) fl,aua (Brunetti), of India. The latter species
differs from all known members of the subgenus Mongomo inhaving: the distal section of Cu, reaching the wing margin andnot fused apically with 1st A.
TRENTEPOELIA(MONGOMA)SAXATILIS

ap. nov.

PlateI, fg.

15.

General coloration dark brown, the pleura obscure brownish
yellow; legs very long: and slender; femora dark brown, the tips
abruptly pale yellow; tibire and tarsi pale; wings with a faintdusky tinge, cells C and Sc a little darker; vein R* conspicuously
arcuated, the inner end of the cell being broadly obtuse; cell lst
M, relatively short; inner enrl of cell Ru proximad of cells 2d
M, or Mr; apical fusion of veins Cu, and lst A short.
Male.-Length, about 8 millimeters; wing, 8; fore leg, femur,
12; tibia, 15.8; tarsus, about 16; middle leg, femur, 14; tibia,
14.5; tarsus, about 14. Other males show the following measurements: Length, 8 to 9 millimeters; \,\ring, 8 to g.
Female.-Length, 10 to 1l- millimeters; wing, 9 to 10.
Rostrum yellow; maxillary palpi dark brown. Antenne darkbrown. Head dark gray, the vertex with a conspicuous mediancarina.
Pronotum brown, paler laterally. Mesonotum dark brown,
the humeral region of prescutum narrowly yellow; medianregion of scutum obscure yellow. Pleura obssure brornrnish
yellow, the dorsopleural region dusky. Halteres dark brown,
the extreme base of the stem yellow. Legs very long andslender, as shown by the above measurements; coxe and trochanters yellowish testaceous; femora dark brown, their bases
restrictedly pale, their tips abruptly and rather broadly (1.2
millimeters) pale yellow; tibie and tarsi dirty white to paleyellow, the tibie beyond base very vaguely darkened; no con" Philip. Joum. Sei. 33 (1927') 302.

268

The Phi,tippineJournal of Sciencer92g

spicuous setal adornments on legs. wings (fig. lb) witha faint
dusky tinge, cells C and Sc a litfle darker; *ing
ape* nar"owtydarkened; space between branches of cu darkenedl
some of thelongitudinal veins vaguery seamed with brown jveins darkbrown. venation: R, about its own length before
the fork of
Rs+ni R, conspicuously arcuated, the inner endof the cellbroadly obtuse; cer lst M, relatively short, the veins
beyond itcorrespondingly elongated; inner end of cell R. proximadof theother cells beyond ceil 1st M,; inner ends ofza nn, a"a ru,
nearly in alignment, subequal; apical fusion ""il.
of Cu, unO f rt e
short to very short.
Abdominal tergites dark brown; sternites obscurebrownishyellow ; hypopygium dark.
LuzoN, Laguna province, above Majayjay, Mount
Banahao,
altitude over b00 meters, May 26 to 2g, lg2g (R.
C. McGregor) ;holotype, male; allotype, female; paratypes, twelve
males andfemales.
By the author's key to the philippine speciesof Trentepohr;ia,'5
the present species runs to f .
fA.l tenera (Osten Sacken) in
couplet 2. It is a larger species,with very long legs,
the femoral
tips abruptly pale; vein R, arcuated, the innerend of the cellobtuse; inner end of ceil R, Iying proximadof the other cers
beyond 1st M,, and other characte s.
The following detailed notes on the occurrenceof the species
are of unusual interest and value:"May 28, Ig28, On sides of damp rocks, adjoininga small stream.
About a dozen, clustered on dark side ofa damp rock, iust above a
mountain stream. They vibrate up anddown, as do many other speciesof this family of flies.
"May 29, 1928. C*ane flies on damp, more or lessmossy rocks along
small forest strearn. One, two, or threeflies together on vertical or
overhanging side of rock, the surface damp
and more or Iess covered
with short 'rnoss. water usualry direety unierneaththe flies. The flies
are not easily disturbed and can be captured
with a wide-mo,utheJ bot'e.
They never cease their rather f.ast rocliing
motion. when disturb"d, trr"y
fly only a short distance,-but take a lonftime
before settling o.r-u
agai1. In two cases, only, I saw them hanging"o.tfrom fern- leaves,in
copulation. r disturbed one pair before r
realized the conditions. The
second pair I watched for ten minutes, but could
not detectru"uoru
the upper flv was continually in moiion andthis moved the-o"n i"*""ny.
The larger individual (femare) hung with fromtwo to four feet on thepinne of a drooping fern frond. The
smaller (male) seemed to hang withthe legs in the opposite direction."-R.
c. McGREcoR. A sketch from rife
tu Loc. cit.

4o,zAlerander: Phili,ppine Tipu.lida, V

269

of this pair shows the female with the front pair of legs holding to
two separate fern pinne, one additional middle leg similarly holding
to a third pinna. The other legs hang free. The small m,ale hungsuspended, lvith all legs hang:ing free and in the opposite direction fromthose of his mate. This would seem to indicate that in mating, the genitalia are so twisted that the venter of the male lies on the same bide
as the dorsum of his mate.
"May 28, 1928. A few, on leaves of shrubs, usually on underside ofleaf, one or two of this and related flies las Trentepohlia penni'pesC'Osten Sacken, T. trentetrnhllii Wiedemann, etc.l on a single leaf."-R.
McGnncon and Fmucrsco RIvERA.
TBENTEPOELIA(TRENTEPOHLIA)

BAKERI

Alexander.

Trentepohli.a(Trentepohli.a)bakeri Aux<exnnn,Philip. Journ. Sci.
33 (1927)304*306.
The unique type, a female, was from Mount Maquiling, Luzon,collected by Baker. A considerable series of specimens has
recently been sent me by Mr. McGregor, taken at Binauaftan,
Obando, Bulacan Province, Luzon, December 29, t927, where
they were found resting on leaves and twigs of mangroves (R.
C. McGregor). Associated with this species were a lesser
number of Limonia (Geranom,yia) cirei,pumctata Brunethi.
The present extensive series indicates the following range ofcharacters: Rostrum, in some specimens, much paler than thepalpi, obscure yellow. In most specimens,the mesonotal prrescutum trivittate with brown, the lateral stripes being well indicated and separate from the median area. Besidesthe stigrnalarea, Cu, the cord, fork of Rrnn and vein R5 are distinctly
bordered by grayish. Sc, usually close to the tip of Sc,, in somecases at some distance from this tip, Sc, alone being approximately one-third the length of Rs.
TRENTEPOELIA(TRENTEPOELIA)HOLOXANTEA

sp. nov.

PlateI, fs.

16.

General coloration of thorax and abdomen yellow, unmarked;
head light gray, carinate; halteres and legs yellow; wings witha yellow suffusion, especially on the costal and apical portions;male hypopygium brownish black.
Male.-Length, about 7 millimeters; wing:, 6; middle leg,femur, 10.7; tibia, 111tarsus, about 6.
Rostrum and palpi brownish yellow. Antennre obscurebron'nish yellow, the outer segments of the flag:ellum somewhat
darker. Head light gray, the posterior vertex variegated withdarker gray; posterior vertex carinate.
Thorax entirely shiny yellow, without markings. Halteres
Jellorr. Legs yellow, only the four oute'r tarsal segments black-

270

The Phi,li,ppine Journal of Science

Lszs

ened. Wings (fig. 16) with a yellowish suffusion, the costal
region and apex more-saturated yeilow; veins yelow. venation:
F.:.l3..klng, Rr.., and R, likewise very weak and relatively
indistinct; Rs relatively short, about two-thirds the basal section
Rr*r*n strongly approaching R,, R, being very short and
9f-R1;
faintly preserved; beyond R, Rr+n bends strongly caudad;
R,
oblique; inner end of cell Ru acute; apical fusion of Cu, and
1st A very short.
Abdomen yellow, the hypopygium brownish black.
SmuvRN, San Fernando, August 9, 1g2g (Franci,sco Ri,tsera
and A. C. Dugag); holotype, male.
Trentepohlia holorantha differs strikingly from all
described
species of the genus in the coloration and venation. The characters of carinate vertex, stout body, and long stout legs
arenoteworthy in the subgenus.
TEUCHOLABIS (TEUCEOLABIS) CONFLUENTA Atexander. ploteI, ffg. tZ.
Teucholabis
confluenta
AT.EXANDER, philip.
Journ.
Sci. 27

75-76.

(192b)The types were from Mount Maquiling, collected by Baker.
An additional male was taken by Francisco Rivera,
at wtountfrid, Rizal,_ Luzon, December, 1g26. The wing of tfris
species
has never been figured and is shown on platel, fis.
17.'
CERATOCEEILUS

ROMBLONENSIS

sp. nov.

plate t, fig.18.

General coloration rich brown; preura yelrow witha broadblack dorsoJongitudinal stripe; legs black; wings subhyaline,
cells C and Sc infumedi Rz+s+nshort, nearly perpendicular;cellM, open by the atrophy of m; abdominar tergitls dark brown,
the caudal margins narrowly pale; sternites obscure yellow.
Female.-Length, excluding rostrum, about b.b to 6 millime_.
ters; wing, 4.3 to 4.b; rostrum alone, about b.g to 6.
Rostrum (female) approximately as long as the remainder_of
the body. Antenne black throughout. Head dark gray, clearer
g:ray on the anterior vertex and posterior
orbits. Anteriorvertex narror', slightly less than the diameter of the firstsc.apalsegment.
Pronotum black. Mesonotal prascutum rich brown, therateral margin narrowly pale, scutum brown, the medianregionmore yellowish; scutellum and postnotum darker
brown, theIatter more pruinose. preura pale yelrow with abroad dorsar
black stripe, extending from ihe pronotum acrossthe dorsar
pleurites and dorsopleurar membrane, passing
through the root

4o,2

Alenoniler: Phili'ppi'ne Tipuli'dP, V

27Lof the halteres to the abdomen, the ventral margin straight andclearly delimited. Halteres yellow, the knobs dark brown.
Legs with the coxe and trochanters pale yellow; remainder oflegs black. Wings (fig. 13) subhyaline, cells C and Sc infumed;
veins black. Venation: Sc, ending about opposite one-third to
one-fourth the length of Rs, Sc, some distance from its tip,
opposite or shortly before the origin of Rs; Re+r+nnearly perpendicular at origin, cell R, at margin narrow; cell M, open byatrophy of m; vein M, strong, arcuated; vein Mn weak; m-cu
about one-third its length before the fork of M.
Abdominal tergites dark brown, the caudal margins of theouter segments narrowly paler to produce an annulate appearance; sternites obscure yellow; genital shield dark; ovipositor
with the valves dark horn color, very long: and nearly straight.
TABLAs, Bad,ajoz, August 27, 1928 (Franci,sco Ri,aera and A.
C, DWag); holotype, female; paratypes, two females.
Ceratocheilus romblonensis differs from all regional species
by the open cell Mr. The anterior vertex is narrow, without
corniculus.

ILLUSTRATIONS
Pr,.lrs

1

Frc. 1. Scwmboneuru primaaa sp. nov., wing.
2. Sq,mboneura psarophancs Alexander, wing.
3. Macgregorom;yia benguetensis gen. et sp. nov., wing.
4. Lilrnonia (Iibnotes) igorota sp. nov., wing.
6. Li,monia, (Libnotes) barwha,oensis sp. nov., wing.
6. Linwnin (Li,bnotes'1 ri"oerai sp. nov., wing.
7. Li,monin (Libnotesl iluaagi sp. nov., wing.
i,m,parspima sp. nov., wing.
8. Limonia (Limonial
9. Li,monia (Euglochina,) projactu sp. nov., wing; 9o, wing apex,
enlarged.
t0. Helha (Helias) arcunrhn sp. nov., wing.
LL. Lechria lu,zoni,ca sp. nov., wing.
12. Lealvio phikppineneis Alexander, wing.
L3. Trentepohlia (Mongoma\ luaonensts Edwards, wing.
!4. Trentepohlia (Mongom.o,) poliocephala sp. nov., wing.
!5. Trentepohlia (Mongonr'a) saratihs sp. nov., wing.
16. Trentepohli.a (Trentepohlio') holorantha sp. nov., wing.
17. Teucholabis (Teuch'olabi.s) conflwnta Llexander, wing.
18, Ceratoalteilus ramblonezsis sp. nov., wing.
213

-!.i1,{\:,:l: Pg:LrpPtxg

TIPULIDA,l PH r Lr P. J ouR N . Sc r ., 40, N o. 2.

V.]

F

PLATE 1.