98 4

NEWEXOTICCRANE_FIIES(TIPULIDAE:DIPTERA)PARTXXIV'CharlesP. Alexanderz

The preceding part under this general title was published in
Entomological News, vol. 84:23-31. The new species here
described are from Thailand and South India, collected by the late
Deed C. Thurman and by Dr' Fernand Schmid, to both of whom I
express my deep thanks for their cooperation in making known
the oriental crane-fly fauna. I am providing figures of venationand the male hypopygium for various species of oriental
Limnophita that had not previously been illustrated, all materials
being based on type specimens preserved in the Alexander
Collection.
Dolichopeza (Mitopeza) trichochora, NEW SPECIESGeneral coloration of thorax orange and yellow; head chiefly
brownish black, more or less pruinose; antennaeof male elongate,
about one-half the wing, flagellar segmentslong-cylindrical, withshort erect setulae, major setae very sparse except on frst
segment; wings weakly suffused, prearcular and costal fields,
together with the stigma, slightly darker; outer wing cells withstrong black trichia;Rs short, transverse;cellM, sessile,cell2nd A
relatively broad; male hypopygium with outer dististyle slightly
expanded at near midlength, inner style with beak obtuse, simple;
ter ite produced into narrow lateral lobes, their mesal parts withshort black spinoid setae.
MALE-Length about 7 mm.; wing 9 mm.; antennaabout 4.3 mm.
Frontal prolongation of head short, medium brown; palpi brownish,black. Antennaeof male l2-segmented,elongate,nearly one-halfthe wing; scapeand pedicel yellow, frst
flagellar segment obscure yellow basally, passing into brown, remaining segments
brJwnish bLck; long-cylindrical, without basalenlargements,the segmentsprogressively
shorter outwardly, outer two subequal;all segmentswith abundant short erect setulae,tAc"epted for publication:March 2t,1973
zContribution from the Entomological Laboratory, University of Massachusetts,
Amherst.MA 01002.
Ent News. 85:13, 1974

Ent. News, Vol. 85, .Iommry1974
first flagellar with sparselonger black verticils on upper surface,'theremaining segmentswith a single such bristle beyond midlength. Front brownish yellow, antedor vertex
obscwe yellow, remainder of headbrownish black, orbits more pruinose;anterior vertex
broad, nearly equal to the exposeddiameter of the eye.
Pronotum light yellow. Mesonotal praescutumwith grouno brownish orange, withfour inconspicuous more yellowed stripes, centers of scutal lobes similarly yellowed;
scutellum brownish yellow, parascutellaand postnotum clearer yellow; mesonotumand
pleura glabrous,the latter clear light yellow. Haltereslong, black, baseof stem yellow.
Legs with coxae and trochanters light ydllow; remainder of legsbroken \Yings (Fig. 1)
weakly suffused with brown, prearcular and costal regions, with the stigma, slightly
darker; veins brown. Longitudinal veins beyond generallwel of cord with long trichia,with sparsescatteredtrichia on Cu and 1st,4, virtually lacking on M and 2nd A. Strong
black trichia in outer endsof cellsR3 to*1", most numerousin cellR5, spa.tse
in medialcells (position indicated in figure by stippling). Venation: Rs short, transverse,nearly inalignment with other elementsof the anterior cord; Rr*2 preservedas a short spur, as
shown; cell M, sessile;rn-cu about one-half its length before fork of M; cell 2nd A
relatively broad.
Proximal abdominal tergites brownish yellow, posterior borders broadly darker
brown, outer segmentsdarker, sternitesmore uniformly pale. Male hypopygium (Fig. 7)
with tergite, f, telatively small, including a narrolil lateral lobe on either side, apex
obtusely rounded, mesalportion with short black spinoid setae,more cephaladat baseof
lateral lobe with a small fingerlike lobule, directed slightly mesad and caudad. Outerdististyle, d, slightly expandedon outer margin at near midlength, style with abundant
long black setae;inner style yellow, bilobed, the outer major lobe with the beak simple,
obtuse, with sparseshort setae,outer postetior portion or crestproduced slightly into a
poilt, the region with long yellow setae; inner lobe, representing the lower beak,somewhat smaller, pale yellow throughout, without major setae, at base with amicroscopiclobule tipped with two strong setae.

HABITAT-India. Holotype: d, Perumalmalai,
Madras,5,500
feet,December9, 1961(FernandSchmid).
The most similar speciesis Dolichopeza (Mitopeza) amisca
Alexander,likewise from South India. This differs in the coloration and venationof the wings,includingthe very narrow cell2nd
A, and in the much more restricted trichia in the wing cells. The
hypopygiumof the two species
is generallysimilar,differingin the
structure of the tergite and both dististyles. The venation andhypopygium of amisca have been describedand illustrated inlnother paper by the writer (PhilippineJour. Sci., 90:166_167,
fig. 2 (venation),frg.40 (hypopygium);l96l).
Tipula (Tipulodina) thaiensis,NEW SPECIES
MALE-Length about 15 mm.; wing 15.5 mm.; antennaabout 3.5 mm.
Generally similar to gracillirna, differing expecially in all details of structure of themale hypopygium. Coloration of body, legsand wingsvirtually the samein both species
Venation (Fig. 2) as compared with gracillinu much the same,free tip of Sc, morebasad,shorter than the section of vein R1 beyond; no indication of vein Rr1.; ingrdcillima, as was indicated by Edwards, the condition is somewhatvariable, the vein
extremely short and sometimesabsent.Male hypopygium (Fig. 8) with tetgite, t, small,narrowed outwardly, posterior border with a U-shapedemargination,the smaller lateral
Iobes with about 15 very small apical setae,those of remain-derof tergite much longer,

especiallythose near median area, Outer dististyle, d, c\avate,outer end with very long
pale setae; inner style as shown, the region of the beak dilated into an irregularilackened head, with relatively few setae; outel basal lobe a long-oval pale blade,subequalin length to the outer style. Eighth sternite, s, tluncate, with a fringe of long
pale ietae, thosi of remainder of disk very short and dense;sternite dark brown, apicalfourth conspicuouslylight yellow.

HABITAT-Thailand. Holotype: 6, mounted on slide;
Chiengmai,near Dr. Buker's Cabin, February 4, 1953 (Deed C'
Thurman).
In the comparisonwith gracillimn Btunetti, as above,attention
is calledto the venationespeciallyof the radialfield, with R" very
long in both species,deflectedcaudadand endingjust before thewing tip and lying very close to the margin. f' (n amabilis
Alexander,of Javais intermediatebetweenthe two speciesabove
and the numerousother membersof the subgenus.
discussed
Pseudolimnophila(Pseudolimnophila)dravidica,NEW SPECIES
Mesonotum chestnut brown, mediotergite brownish black,plewa and pleurotergitebrownish yellow; legsbrown, claws ofiemalevery small,stout;wingslight brown, stigmaslightlydarker,
small; Sc, ending beyond midlength of the nearly straight
Rr*.n4;veins beyondcordvery long,cellR. at marginabouttwo
and bne-half times cell R3; cell Ist M, small,inner end strongly
pointed, cellMt very deep,about five times aslong asits petiole;abdominaltergitesdark brown, sterniteslight yellow.
FEMALE-Length about 8.5 mm.; wing 8 mm.
Head broken. Prothorax small, dark brown, especially anteriorly, pretergites lightyellow. Mesonotal praescutum, scutum and scutellum chestnut brown, the fust withindications of a nariow darker central stripe; pseudosuturalfoveae pale; mediotergite
brownish black, sparselypruinose;pleurotergite and pleura almost uniformly brownish
yellow. Halterei biown, base of stem narrowly yellow. Legswith coxae andtrochanters
yellow; remainder of legs light brown, outer talsal segmentsslightly darker-brown; legs
without interpolated linear scalesas in zelanicaand others; claw very small,-with morethan the tasat nar stout, apex a slender spine. wings (Fig. 3) almost uniformly lightbrown, stigmasmall, sUghityaarker brown; veinsdark brown. Longitudinal veinsbeyond
gen"ti bi"l of orgin-of Rs with conspicuousblack trichia. Venation: Sc long, ^5ct
lnding shortly beyond midlength of R2a31a, .Sc, slightly removed,Rrlr*o long, nearlystraight, about two-thirds Rs; longitudinal veinsbeyond cord very long, generallyparatrlel
to one another; outer end of vein R3 deflected caudad so cell R" is about two andone-half times as extensiveas cellR3; cell lst M. small, its inner end stronglypointed;
or just before midlength of Mt*o.
cell M, very deep,about five times its petiole; mau^t
andAbdominal tergites tlark brown, sterniteslight yellow. Ovipositor.with both cerci
thfud'
outeronupcurvedslightly
hypovalvae tong ind slender, the formel

Madras,5,500
HABITAT-India. Holotype: 9, Perumalmalai,9, 1961(FernandSchmid)feet,December
The most similar regional species is Pseudolimnophila

Ent. News, Vol. 85, ,Ianuoy 1974

(Pseudolimnophila)productivena Alexander (Rec. Indian Mus.,
5O:354, fig. (venation); 1952) which differs evidently in thedetailsof venation.The fly describedasPseudorimnophila
zelanica
Alexander,has the venationsomewhatas in the presentfly but istold readilyby the leg vestiture,therebeingabundantinterpolated
linear scalesbetweenthe normal setae.This speciesbelongiin thegenusLimnophilaspls
Alexander(Ann. Mag.Nat.Hist. (l Z) 3:6g2;
1950) bur the male sex still is unavailable.The venation of p.
zelanicahasbeen figured elsewhere(philippineJour. Sci., g6:427,
fig. l6; 1957).
Pseudolimnophila(Pseudolimnophila)subhonesta,NEW SPECIESGeneralcoloration of praescutumlight brown, lateral margins
paler;pleura more yellowishbrown, darkerdorsallyand beneath;legs brown, claws very small; wings light brown, including thebase, stigma darker brown; vein R. shortly beyond fork of
Rr*"*o leavinga very short elementR.*r, cell R" at marginabout two and one-halftimes as extensiveas cell Rr; m-cu morethan one-thirdits lengthbeyondthe fork of M.
FEMALE-Length about 9 mm.; wing 7 mm.
Head with rostrum and palpi brown, terminal segmentof latter relatively slender,
about one-half longer than the penultimate. Antennae with scape and pedicel darkbrown, remainderbroken. Headbrownish gray behind.
Pronotum brown, cervical region slightly more yellowed. Mesonotalpraescutumwith
diskcovered by three confluent light brown stripes, laterai borders paler,-virtually
pseudosutural
foveae brownish black; posterior scleritesof notum dark brown, vaguelypollinose; parascutella and pleurotergite more yellowed, sparsely pruinose. pleuia
yellowish brown, sparsely pruinose, dorsopleural region ani ventril sternopleurite
darker. Haltereswith stem obscureyellow, clearerbasally,knob brown. Legswith coxae
light yellow, fiochanters darker yellow; remainder of legsbrown, outer tarsal segments
sli_ghtlydarker; tibial spurs small; claws very small, curvid into needlelikepoints. wings(Fig" 4) light brown, including the base, stigma long-oval, darker brown; veinsdarkbrown, trichia black. Trichia on longitudinal veins beyond generallevel of origin ofRs,
lacking on 2nd A. Yenation: R2 shortly beyond fork of R".,3aa, leaving a viry shortelement^R_.*"'Rt*" about one-halflongerthanRr; cellR. a1riiargina6out two andone-half times as extensive as cell R2; celr M, hcting; m-cu more-than one-third its
length beyond the fork of M.
,_ Abdomen broken beyond the third segment; basal tergites dark brown, sternites
light yellow.

HABITAT-India. Holotype: a broken g, Velor, Madras, 1,500
feet, December4,1961 (Fernand Schmid).
pseudolimnophitaThe
mostsimilar
species is(Pseudolimnophih) honesta (Brunetti), distributed in India from
Kumaon southward to south coorg. This differs evidentlv in thevenation of the radial field, especiallythe position of vein R" 1fig.
5).

Hexatoma (Eriocera) arcuaria, NEW SPECIES
Size small (wing of male to 7.5 mm); general coloration
brownish black, mesonotum in cases with greenish reflections;antennaeshort, in male 6-segmented;halteresand legs black; wings
strongly infuscated, without trichia in the cells; vein Sc ending
before level of fork of Rs, R,*. slightly longer than R"*.*o;inner end of cell 1stM, strongly arcuated.
MALE-Length about 7-8 mm; wing 7-?.5 mm; antennaabout 1-1.1 mm.
Rostrum very small,brownish black; palpi elongate,black, slightly more than one-halfthe antennae. Antennae of male short, 6-segmented,black throughout; fust flagellar
segmentmore enlargedbasally, nearly as long as the combined segmentstwo and three,terminal segmentlong, about one-third longer than the penultimate;verticils of segments
long and conspicuous,especiallyon outer oneswhete someslightly exceedthe segments
in length. Head dull brownish black; vertical tubercle low, rounded; anterior vertex withconspicuousporrect black setae.
Thoracic dorsum brorvnishblack, mesonotum with greenishreflections,more evident
in the holotype; surfaceof notum moderately nitidous. Halteresblack. Legswith coxae
brownish black, trochanters brownish yellow; femora light brown basally, the outer
two-thirds and remainder of legs brownish black to black; claws of male very small
Wings (Fig. 6) strongly infuscated, somewhatmore intense along costal border, stigma
not differentiated; a paler streak in basal half of cell 1# A adjoining the vein; veins darkbrown. No trichia in wing cells,asin rama. Longitudinal veins with trichia basadto levelof the arculus, on 2nd z4 with a very few longer trichia at near midlength of vein
Venation: Sc ending a short distance before level of fork of Rs; Rt12 long, slightly
exceedingRz+z+t, R"*3 commonly longer than R";Rs about one-halflongerthan R;
inner end of cell lst M2 strongly arcuated,basadof fork of Rs,'m-cu at near two-thirds
the length of Mt*o.
Abdomen uniformly dull black.

HABITAT-India. Holotype: d, Balamore,Madras, 1,500 feet,
January 4,1962 (FernandSchmid).Paratypes,3 dd (on two pins),
Munnar, Kerala, 3,500 feet, December 15, 1961 (Fernand
Schmid).
Among the numerous regional speciesin the genus the present
fly in general appearance most resembles Hexatoma ( Eriocera)
purpurata Alexander and H. (E.) rama Alexander. The latter fly isquite distinct in the presence of macrotrichia in the outer wingcells while the somewhat larger purpurata has the male antennae
7*egmented and with the details of coloration and venation
distinct.
Limnophila asura Alexander
Limnophila asura Alexander;Ann. Mag. Nat. Hist. (12)9:46;1956.
Type from Cherrapunji, Khasi Hills, Assam, India. Fig. 9(venation). The subgenus of this fly is uncertain, perhaps in
Afrolimnophila.

Ent. News, Vol. 85, .Ianuary 1974

Explanationof Figures:
Figures l-8 - Frg. l, Dolichopeza (Mitopeza)tichochora, new specieslvenation. Fig. 2,
Tipuh (Tipulodiru) tlwiensis, new species; venation. Fig. 3, pseudotimno{hita(Pseudolimnophila) dravidica, new species; venation. Fs. 4; pseudotimnophila(Pseudolimnophila) subhonesta, new species; venation. Ffu. 5, Pseudolimrcphila(Pseudolimnophih) honesta (Brunetti); venation. Fig. 6, Hexatonu (Eriocera) arcuaria,
new specieslvenation. Fig. 7, Dolichopeza (Mitopeza) trichochora, new speiiesl malehypopygium. Fig. 8, Tipula (Tipulodirw) thaiensis, new species;male hypopygium.
(Symbols: D, basistyle;d, dististyles;s, 8th sternite; f, 9th tergite.)

Ent. News, Vol. 85, IanuarY 1974

Figures 9-19 - Fig. 9, Limnophila aswa Aj'exanderlvenation. Fig. 10, Limnophila(Aftolimnophila)
Limnophila
Alexander; venation. Fig.
I t,biailoripes(Dicranophragnw) antlosuffusa Alexandet; venation. Fig. 12, Limnophiln(Dicranophragma) brachyclada Alexander; venation. Fig. 13, Limnophila(Dicranophragrru)karma Nexand,er;venation. Fig. 14, Limnophila (Dicranophragru)
kashongensisAlexander; venation, Fig. 15, Limnophila (Dicranophragrna)palassoptera
Alexanderl venation. Fig. 16, Limnophila (Ekmphila) fumigata Alexander; venation.
Fig. 17, Limnophila (Dioanophragnu) karna Nexander; male hypopygium. Fig. 18,
Limnophila (Dicranopfuagma) kashongensisAlexander; male hypopygium. Fig. 19,
Limnophila (Elaeophila)fumigata Alexander; male hypopygium. (Symbols:D, basistyle;d, dististyles;i, interbase;p,phallosome.

Ent. News, Vol. 85, faruoy 1974

Limnophila (Afrolirnnophila) bicoloripes Alexander
Limnophih (Afrolimnophildbicoloripes Alexander; Ent. News,
75:63;1964.
Type from Mapum, Manipur, Assam, India. Fig. l0 (venation).
Limnophila (Dicranophragma) analosuffusa Alexander
L imno p h i la (D i cranop hragma) analosuffusa Ale xander; Ent. News,
77:217; 1966.
Type from Sirhoi Kashong, Manipur, Assam, India, Fig. I I(venation).
Limnophila (Dicranophragma) brachyclada Alexander
Limno phila ( D iuano phragma) brachy clada Alexander; Ent. News,
79:245;1968.
Type from Serrarim, Khasi-Jaintia Hills, Assam, India. Fig. 12(venation).
Limnophila (Dicranophragma) karma Alexander
Limnophila (Dicranophragma) karma Alexander; Ent.
77:218; 1966.

News,

Type from Tarak Tal, Pauri Garhwal, Kumaon, Uttar Pradesh,
India. Fig. l3 (venation); Fig. l7 (male hypopygium).
Limnophila (Dicranophragma) kashongensisAlexander
Limnophila (Dicranophragma) kashongensts Alexander; Ent.
News, 77:220; 1966.
Type from Sirhoi Kashong, Manipur, Assam, India, Fig. 14(venation); Fig. 18 (male hypopygium).
Limnophila (Elaeophila) fumigata Alexander
Limnophila (Elaeophila) fumigata Alexander; Ent. News, 7 7 . ) ') ? .
1966.

Type from Sirhoi Kashong,Manipur, Assam,India. Fig. 16(venation);Fig. l9 (malehypopygium).

ABsrRAcr-Fivenew species of oriental ripulidae are described, these being(Mitopea) trichochoro, heudolimnophila (pseudolimnophilal dmvidica, F.
\lichopgn(P.) subhonesta, ard, Hexatottu (Eriocta) arcuaria, of South ind]u', and Tipula(Tipuloditu) thaiensis, of rhailand. In addition figures are provided for sevenspeciis of
the Hexatomine genusLimtaphila that had not been illustrated previously.

I

I{