l .'-.1

ARKIY FOR ZOOTOGIUTGIVET AV

KUNGI. SYENSKAVETENSKAPSAKADEMIEN
Serie 2 Banil 6 Nr 7

Cg.e,nr,psP. Ar,nx.l,xDER

EntomologicalResultsfrom
the Swefish Expedition 1934 to Burmaand British India
DIPTERA: Tipulidae-Cylindrotomin ae, Limqniin as, I

STOCKEOI,M
aLUQYIST (9 WITSEL'LSi BOKTSYCxE8I

LONDONE. tr. lElrrg & co., LTD
136,oowEn 9TBBET

f 953

AB

PARIS
r,rBnarnrEc. rlrNcrgrrcK
11BrtE DE Lrr,LE

ARKIY FOR ZOOLOGI Band 6 nr 7
Communicated ll Fel;ruarv 1953 by O. LtrNosr,eo and N. OnHxrn

Entomological Resultsfrom the Swedish Expedition 1934 to Burmaand British India
DIPTERA: Tipulidae-Cylindrotominae,Lim6niins6' f

Collectedby Rnnf Mer,ersp
By Cnlnr,ns P. Ar,nxaxonn
With l6 ficures in the text

In continuing the discussionof the crane-fliestaken in Burma in lg34 by Dr.
RpNf Mer,ersnand Mrs. Mlr,ersp I am here consideringvarious speciesfalling in
the large subfamily Limoniinae, with the inclusion of a singlerepresentativeof the
Cylindrotominae.The latter group constitutesthe smallestof the three subfamilies
that comprisethe Tipulidae but at the sametime are among the most interesting,sincethe larvae have leaf-feedinghabits that are analogousto those of the phytophagousHymenoptera and to the Lepidoptera. Severalfurther speciesb'elonging
to the Limoniinae are included in the materials and will be treated in subsequentparts under this title. I am greatly indebtedto Dr. Mer,ersnfor the opportunity of
studying this most interesting seriesof Himalayan crane-flies.Types and uniquesof the various speciesare preservedin the SwedishMuseum of Natural History,
Stockholm.
Subfamily Cylindrotorn

inae

GenusCylindrotoma Meceuent
Cylindrotomapallidipessp. n.
Generalcoloration yellow, the dorsum of the praescutumand scutum, together
with large areason the postnotum and sternopleuriteblack; tarsi paling to yellowish white; wings with a weak brownishtinge, restrictedlypatternedwith still darker
brown; r'ein R.*, entirely atrophied; male hypopygium with the tergite unusuallylarge, its caudal border emarginate;basistyle and dististyle slender;gonapophysis
unequallybifid; aedeagustrifid.
Ma,Ie.Length about 9.5-10mm; wing 8-8.5 mm; antennaabout 2.2-2.3mm.
Female.Length about 10.5-11mm; wing 9-9.5 mm.
Describedfrom alcoholic material. Rostrum brownish yellow; palpi brown. Antennae(male)of moderatelength; scapeand pedicelyellow, Ilagellumblack; basal
flagellar segmentcylindrical, the succeedingoneswith the lower face more protuIDO

cH. p. ALEXANDEn, D IPTERA: Tipulidan-Cylindrotominan, Limoniinae, I

berant, the outer segmentspassinginto oval; longestverticils shorter than the segments, on the outer face, those of the lower face shorter and more spinous.Headbrownish black above, paler beneath.
Pronotum brownish yellow. Mesonotalpraescutumchiefly coveredby a blackened
shield that further involves the scutal lobes and extreme cephalic portion of themedian area; humeral and lateral regionsof the praescutumabruptly yellow; regionof praescutalinterspacesnarrowly impressed;posterior scleritesof notum obscureyellow, the posterior two-thirds of mediotergiteblackened.Pleura obscureyellorv,
the ventral sternopleurite with an extensive black area; a further smaller black
spot on ventral pleurotergite near the wing root. Halteres yellow. Legs with thecoxaebrownish yellow;'bro*n,trochantersyellow; femora yellow, the tips brownish black.
tibiae brown to dark
the tips darker; basiiarsi blackened,the tips paler,
succeedingthree tarsal segmentsyellowish white, terminal segmentblack; several
legs detachedor broken and loosein vials so it cannot be stated as to whether alltarsi are colored as described.Wings (Fig. l) with a weak brownish tinge, conspicuouslypatterned with darker brown along cord, outer end of cell lsl M, andthe stigma; prearcular field a little more brightened; veins brown, those in theproximal part of wing more brightened. Venation: Vein Rr*, entirely atrophied;petiole of cell M, variable in length, in casessubequalto m, in other specimens
shorter; r-m short but present;m-cu closeto the fork of M; ceII Znd,A relatively
broad.
Abdomen brownish yellow, the lateral tergal borders very narrowly darkened;
terminal segmentsbrownish black to black, in the male involving segmentssevento nine, in the femalesix to nine. Ovipositor with the basesof the valves blackened'
cerci hairy. Male hypopygium 1Fig.6j with the tergite, 9t, unusuallylarge,,o.,.rull
ing the remainder of hypopygium when viewed from above; caudal border with abroad U-shapedemargination,the lateral lobesthus formed obtuse;setaeand setulaeof the lobes abundant but very small, delicate and inconspicuous.Basistyle,b, unusually long and slender.Dististyle, d, simple,shorterthan the basistyle,gradually
narrowedto the slenderobtuseapex,the surface,especiallythe base,u'ith relatively
llumerouspale setae.Gonapophysis,g, unequallybifid, the outer arm longest.Aedeagus, o, trifid, the stem very short, the arms deflexed; paired arms only a little
shorter than the unpaired one.
Holotgpe,alcoholic j, Kambaiti, altitude 7000 feet, June 4, 1934 (Me.r,lIsn).
Allotopotype,alcoholic Q. ParatopotAFas,alcoholic jQ.
Cylind'rotomapall'id,ipes
is readily distinguishedfrom all describedregionalspecies
by the whitened tarsi and the patterned wings. I believethe referenceof the fly to
Cylind'rotomarather than to Phala,uoceraSchineris correct but as noted at various
times in the past by Epwenos, Alnxewonn and others,all of the so-calledgenera
centering about Cylindrotom,aate closely related and eventually may be relegatedto subgenericrank.
Subfamily Lirnoniinae'

GenusLimonia Murcnw
L'imonia (Metalimnobia)arta sp. n.
Size small (wing, male, 5.5 mm); generalcolorationreddishbrown, the thoracic
pleura with a distinct darker longitudinal stripe; antennaewith the basal flagellar
segmentsglobular; halteresrelatively long and slender,infuscated;femora yellow,
156

ARKrv piin zoor,ocr. Bd 6 nr 7

7
Fig. 1. Cylindrotoma pallidipes sp. n.; venati
Fig.2. Limonia (Xletalim,nobia)arta sp.n.;
venation. - Fig. 3. Limonia (Metalimnobia) clrulybeicolorsp. n.; venation. - Fig. 4. Aitocha(Antochal ophioglossa sp. n.; venation. - FiS. 5. Heli,us (Hetius) graphipterzs sp. n.; venation.
- Fig. 6. Cylindrotoma pallid,ipes sp. n.; male hypopl'gium. - Fig. 7. Li,monia (Metatimnobia'1
artct'sp. n.; male hypopygium. - Fig. 8. Antocha (Antochal ophioglossasp.n.; male hypopygium.
(Symbols: a, aedeagus; b, basistyle; cI, dististyle; g, gona,pophysis;t, tergite.)the tips passing into dark brown, tarsal segmentsthree and four dilated; wings
with a very deep fulvous brown tinge; Sc, ending about opposite two-thirds thelength of Rs; m,-cuabout one-third its length beyond fork of M; male hypopygiumwith the dorsal dististyle a slenderrod, its tip acute; gonapophysiswith the mesalapical lobe long and straight, the margin fringed with delicate setae.
Male. Length about 5 mm; wing 5.5 mm.
Describedfrom an alcoholicspecimen.Rostrum very reduced,brown; palpi brownish black, segmentsshort. Antennae dark brown, the outer flagellar segmentsa
trifle paler; basal flagellar segments globular, the outer ones passing into oval;
verticils relatively short and inconspicuous,shorter than the outer segments;terminal segmentabout one-fifth longer than the penultimate. Head dark brown, ovalin outline; anterior vertex relatively broad, exceedingtwice the diameter of thescape;eyes relatively small.

L57

cH. p. ALEXANDEn,,D I PTERA : Tipulidae-Cylindrotominae, Limoniinae, I

Pronotum brown, darker laterally. Mesonotum apparently uniform dark reddish
brown, the praescutum without clearly defined stripes; setae of mesonotum small
and inconspicuous. Pleura reddish brown rvith a distinct dark brown longitudinal
stripe extending from the cervical region to the base of abdomen. Halteres relatively
long and slender, infuscated. Legs with the coxae brownish yellow; trochanters
yellow; femora yellow, the tips passing into dark brown; tibiae and tarsi brown tobrownish black; third and fourth tarsal segmentssomewhat dilated, about trvice as
broad as either the second or fifth, their lower face with abundant dense curved
setae; claws small, apparently with only a single weak tooth at near midlength.
Wings (Fig. 2) with a very deep fulvous brown suffusion, the base a trifle paler;stigma very small, oval, only slightly differentiated; veins brown. No macrotrichia
on prearcular portion of vein R. Venation: Sc moderately long, Sc, weak, ending
about opposite two-thirds the length of Rs, Sc, stronger, placed at its tip; cell lsf
M, rclatively long, a little exceeding vein M", beyond it; m-cu about one-third its
length beyond fork of M; vein 2nd,A gently sinuous, the cell subequal in width forvirtually its whole length except at base.
Abdominal tergites dark brown, especially laterally, sternites more bro*'nish
yellow. Male hypopygium (Fig. 7) with the tergite,9t, broad basally, narrower but
still wide at apex which is very shallowly emarginate, each low lobe with eight ornine strong setae; remainder of tergite with abundant setulae only. Basistyle, b,
very long and slender, the ventromesal lobe small, oval, with setae of moderate
length. Dorsal dististyle, d, d slender rod, strongly curved and acutely pointed atapex. Ventral dististyle, d, long-oval, produced into the long slenderrostral portion.
Gonapophysis,g, with mesal-apicallobe long and straight, pale, the outer marginfringed with delicate pale setae. Aedeagus, o, unusually broad at base, narrowed
outwardly, terminating in two oval lobes.
Holotype, alcoholic 6f, Road at 40 Km east of Taunggyi, Southern Shan States,
September25-October 13, 1934 (MeleIso).
In its generalappearancethe presentfly is most similar to speciessuch as Limonia(Limonia) striopleuro (Elwenns). The type of the latter was a female but Iater
males were discovered and according to Epw,s,nos (Journ. Fed. MalaStSt. Mus.,
14:73; l92B) the hypopygium is of simple structure with the dististyle very small.
This would seem to indicate that this speciesis a true Limonia ot at least trot referable to Metalimnobia where the present fly seemsto belong without question.
Limonia (Metalimnobia) chalybeicolorsp. n.
General coloration of entire body polished blue-black; halteres darkened; legs
black, the femora with a narrow yellow subterminal ring; wings yellow, heavily
patterned with brown; Sc relatively short, Sc, ending just beyond midlength of Rs,
Sc, near its tip, cel|Znd,.4 wide; outer abdominal segmentsand valves of ovipositor
orange.
Female. Length about 8.5 mm; wing 7.5 mm.
Described from alcoholic material. Rostrum and palpi black. Antennae 15-segmented; scapeand pedicel black, basal flagellar segmentsbrownish black, the outerones somewhat paler; basal flagellar segmentsvery short-oval, each with one or two
verticils of unusual length, theseunilaterally arranged; outer segmentspassingthroughlong-oval into elongate-cylindrical; terminal segment elongate, exceeding the penultimate, without the elongate verticil. In the unique type, with a single antenna
158

ARKrvrcin zoor,ocr.Bd 6 nr 7
remaining, it is uncertain as to whether the outermost two flagellar segmentsare
divided by a suture or are merely strongly constricted;in the latter casethe segment
would be of unusual length, being more than twice as long as the eleventhflagellar
segment.Head blue black.
Thorax uniformly blue black, the notum unusually glabrous,especiallythe praescutum. Halteres very short, with large knobs, infuscated.Legs with the coxae
blackened;trochantersbrownishyellow; a singledetachedleg remains,apparently
one of the hind pair; femora black, the basal fourth slightly paler, at near threefourths the length with a clear yellow subterminal ring that is a little more than
one-halfas extensiveas the black apex;remainderof legsbrownishblack; claw with
about five teeth. Wings (Fig. 3) with the ground color yellow, the apical and caudal
portions more clouded so as to greatly restrict the ground; a very heavy brownpattern, including a large quadrate areaat origin of Rs, paler and not quite reaching vein M behind; a smallerspot basadof the last, not quite reachingR; stigma
and a large confluent cloud over anterior cord; narrower seamson posterior cordand outer end of cell 1st Mr; dusky washesin cubital and anal cells relatively inconspicuous;veins brown. Venation: Sc relatively short, Sc, ending just beyond
midlengthof Rs, Sc, nearits tip; freetip of Sc, shorter than R, t Rr, the formersectionof this combinationvein with trichia; m-cu just beforefork of M; cell 1sl Mrlarge,
broad-rectangular;cell Znd ,4 wide.
Abdomen blue-black, the posterior borders of the segmentsnarrowly somewhat
more intense;outer two abdominalsegmentsabruptly orange;basesof hypovalvae
blackened,the remaining valves orange. Ovipositor with cerci short and straight,
slender,their tips acute.
Holotype,alcoholicQ, Kambaiti, altitude 6500 feet, June ll, 1934 (Mer,ersn).
Lirnon'ia(Metalimnobia)cltalybeicolor
is readily distinguishedfrom all other regional
membersof the subgenusby the venation and colorationof the body and legs.
The most similar speciesis .[. (M.) nigronitida (AlnxeNonn), of northern Japan,
which is much larger,with Sc long and with the pattern of the legsand wings quitedistinct.
GenusAntocha OsrnN Secrpw
sp. n.
Antocha(Antocha)ophioglosso
Generalcoloration dark brown; antennae(male) elongate,nearly one-half as longas body, flagellar segmentsnot protuberant on lower face;wings with a weak brownish tinge, the prearcularfield abruptly whitened;male hypopygiumwith the outerelongate,projectdististylea slenderglabroushorn, its tip narrowly obtuse;aedeagus
ing from the genital chamber,at apex split into two slenderblack spines.
Male. Length about 4.4-4.5mm; wing 4.7-4.8mm; antennaabout2-2.1 mm.
Describedfrom alcoholic material. Rostrum and palpi brown. Antennae darkbrown throughout, of unusual length for a member of this subgenus,as shown by
the measurements;basal flagellar segmentsnearly cylindrical, the outer ones moreelongateoval; terminal segmentsmall, about one-third the sizeof the penultimate;verticils inflagellar segmentsclothed with an abundant denseerect pubescence,
conspicuous.
Head dark brown; eveslarge;anteriorvertex relatively broad, approximately four times the diameterof scape.
Thorax almost uniformly dark brown, presumably with more or less pruinosity
in fresh material. Halterespale, knobs weakly darkened.Legs with the fore coxae
159

cH. p. ALEXANDEn, DIPTERA: Tipuliitac-Cylindrotominoe, Limoniinan, I

brown, the remaining ones paler; trochanters yellorr; a single detached leg, broken
at tarsi, this brown throughout. Wings (Fig. 4) with a weak brownish suffusion, theveins pale
fr.ur.oirr field abruptly *hit., including the veins; wings unpatterned;
Lro*.r. Venation: Rrf, and ,8, subequal; Rrand. r-m about in transverse alignment;
nx-cu shortly before the fork- of. M, the distance somewhat variable, the greatest
distance about one-fifth the length of-m-cu.
Abdomen, including the hypopygium, dark brown, the extreme posterior bordersof the segmentsa trifle darker. Male hypopygium (Fig. 8) with the outer dististyle,d, slendei, appearing as a glabrous horn, rather strongly curved t_othe narrow obtuse
lip. Itttt"r ai*tirtvt. a little longer, widened distally, the apex, broadly obtuse, the,olrfr.u and especiallythe margins with coarsescattered setae.Aedeagus,o, elongate
and protruding from the genital chamber, compressed-flattenedfor about threeg,
fourt'hs the len-gth,thence split into two slender blackened spines._Gonapophysis,
narrowend
appearing ur u fluttened pale blade, dilated on -basal part, the distaland obtuse, apparently provided with very delicate setulae to produce a fizzy
appearance.
'
Holotype, alcoholic J, Kambaiti, altitude 7000 feet, April 30, 1934 (M-+LAISE).
Paratopotype, alcoholic J.
Antochi-(Antocha) ophioglossais entirely distinct from the other numerous speciesof the subgenusi" itr. Chinese-Himalayan region. It is readily told fron all by theunusually l-ongantennae and, especially,the male hypopygium, notably the-aed^eagus.
The conior*ution of the latter has suggestedthe specific name of the fly. Superficially it suggestsA. (A.)Ia,cteibasisAr,pxeNpnn but the resemblanceis not particularly close.
Genus Helius Sr. Fencoau
Helius (Helius) graphipterus sp. n.
Size large (wing, female, over 9 --); general_colorationof thorax chestnut brownor fulvousl rostruil black, of moderate length; Iegs black, the femoral basesbrightened; wings pale yello*, *ith a heavy brown pattern; Sc very lo18, Scr erlding beyond
fork of RI, 3r, ul itr tip; cell lst llirlarge, rectangular in outline: m-cu beyond thefork of M.
Fema,le.Length, including rostrum, about 10-10.5mm; wing 9.5-10 mm; rostrum
about 0.7-0.8 mm.
Described from alcoholic material. Rostrum black, of moderate length only, a!'ou-t
one-third longer than remainder of head; palpi black. Antennae rvith the scapedarkbrown, pedicel a trifle paler; flagellum broken. Head dark'
prondtum fulvous y.Uo*, darker medially. Mesonotum chiefly light chestnut
brown or fulvous, the iumeral region of praescutum more yellowed. Pleura fulvous
pale
brown. Halteres with stem weakli darkened, knob yellow. Legs with the coxae
theblack,
brown; trochanters yellow; a single (hind) leg remains, femora -brownish
pale
basal ttti.a yeilow; tibiae and tai*si biack.'Wings (Fig. 5) with the ground color
asarrangedpattern,yellow, the prearcular field clear light yellow; a- heavy brownspot in bases of cells R and M; a m-ajor sutquadrate
follows: A small postarcular^hr,extending from R to M, only slightly involving the base-of
area at origin ofcell Rr; stigma and a broad coifluent seam along cord, narrowed behind, especiallyou", *-"u; outer end.of cell /sf Mr; a small brown marginal spot at end of -Br; extreme
wing margin urrJ longitudinal veins beyond. cord very narrowly and insensibly160

ARKrvrcin zoor,ocr.Bd 6 nr 7
bordered by brown; basad of cord, veins Cu and znd A with conspicuousbrownborders,the former invading cell M, all of cell Cu, and the base oI Cur; axillaryborder weakly darkened; cells C and Sc uniformly brownish yellow; veins brown,darker in the patternedareas,brighter in the clear portions,yellow at the wing base.
Venation: Sc very long, Sc, ending beyond the fork of Rs, Sc, at its tip; Rs strongly
arcuated at origin; basal section of Rn*u lacking or nearly so, subpunctiform, orwith r-m at or just before the fork of -Bs;cell Ist Mr large, rectangular in outline,
about as long as vein M obeyond it; m a little shorter than the basal section of.M";nl,-cufrom one-third to one-fourth its length beyond the fork of.M.
Abdomen brown, the subterminal segmentsblackened to form a ring; genital
segment obscurefulvous. Ovipositor with the valves horn-yellow; cerci long andslender,their tips gently upcurved.
Holotype,alcoholic t, Kambaiti, altitude 7000 feet, June ll, 1934 (Mllarsn).
Paratopotype,alcoholic?, 6800 feet, April 10, 1934 (Malersn).
Helius (Helius) graphipterzsis very different from all describedregional species,differing especiallyin the large size and in the heavily patternedwings. In size it
almost equalsspeciessuch as H. (H.) amplusEowenls but is entirely distinct.
Helius (Helius) stenorhyncftzs
sp. n.
General coloration of praescutum reddish brorvn, darker medially; posteriorsclerites of notum and the pleura darker brown; rostrum long and very slender,
about equalin length to the combinedremainderof the headand the thorax, black
throughout; halteresyellow; femora obscureyellow, the tips narrowly infuscated,tibiae and tarsi pale brownishyellorv;wings pale gray; stigma conspicuous,
brown;a very restricted dark seamon cord; cell R, at margin approximatelyfour times cell
Br: cell lst Mrrelatively large,longerthan vein Mn beyondit; m-cu shortly beyond
the fork of M; abdomenbrown, the caudalbordersof the.segmentsvery narrowly
brownishblack; male hypopygiumwith the outer dististyleunequallybifid at tip.
Male. Length, including rostrum, about 9.3 mm; wing 7.3 mm; rostrum 2.2 mm;,
antennaabout 1.2 mm.
Describedfrom alcoholic material. Rostrum unusually long and slender, black
throughout, about equal in length to the combined remainder of head and thethorax; palpi 4-segmented,
at tip of rostrum, pale brown, the incisureswhitened.
Atrtennae with scapeand pedicel black, flagellum paler; basal flagellar segments
oval, relatively crowded, with short verticils; outer segmentsbecoming long andattenuated,with very long verticilsthat exceedthe segments.Head black, probably
pruiuosein fresh specimens;eyes large, with delicate ommatidia; anterior vertex
rlarrow,lessthan the diameterof scape.
Pronotum reddish brown, narrowly darkened medially. Mesonotalpraescutum
and scutum reddishbrown, the former more infuscatedmedially, the scutal lobes
scarcely darkened; vestiture sparse and scattered but relatively long and erect;
posterior scleritesof notum darker brown. Pleura dark brown. Halteres relatively
long and slender,yellow. Legs with all coxae white, contrasting rvith the pleura;trochanterswhitened,with a dark spot beneath;femora obscureyellow, the tips
narrowly and inconspicuouslyinfuscated,the amount subequalon all legs; tibiae
and tarsi pale brownishyellow; clawssimple.Wings (Fig. 9) pale grayish subhyaline,
the base and costal region more whitened; stigma oval, dark brown, relatively
conspicuous;inconspicuousdark seamson cord and outer end of cell 7stMr, mostll161

Limoniinae,In, D I PT E RA : Tipulidae-Cylindrotominae,
cE. p. ALEXANDE
evident over the anterior cord; vein Cu inconspicuouslyseamedwith dusky; veinsbrown, paler in the whitened fields. Macrotrichia on .Bsand all veins beyond cord.
Venation: Sc, atrophied, Sc, ending about opposite fork of Rs; branches of Rs
strongly divergent, cell R, on margin approximately four timet Rr; ceII lst M,
relatively large, slightly narrowed apically, longer than vein M n beyond it m-cu
about one-thirdto one-fourthits length beyondthe fork of M; cellZnil.4 relatively
broad.
Abdomen brown, the caudal borders of the segmentsvery narrowly brownish
black; hypopygium paler brown. Male hypopygium (Fig. 14) with the mesal faceof basistyle, b, with a longitudinal row of coarseblack setae. Outer dististyle, d,nearly straight, shallowly and unequally bidentate at apex, the lower tooth very
short and stout; inner dististyle with distal third narrowed and pendant, outermargin with conspicuoussetae,those at midlength stouter, extended into a longdelicate hair. Lateral tergal lobe appearingas a flattened blade, its lateral portion
producedinto a strongly curved spine.
Holotype,alcoholicJ, Kambaiti, T000 feet, June 4, 1934(Muersn).
The present fly is readily told from other generally similar regional speciesby
the unusual length and slendernessof the rostrum. The most similar forms include(WesternChina), H.(H.)rufithoranAr,nxewpnn(ForHelius(Helius)plutoAr,nxeNonnmosa),and.I/. (H.) tenuirostrisAr,nxeNonn(Japan),all having the rostrum somewhat as in the presentfly but differing in the colorationof the body, legsand wings,
and in the details of venation and structure of the male hypopygium.
GenusParadelphomyia Ar,pxlxnnn
Pa,radelphomyia(Onyrliza) minuto'idessp. n.
Size small (wing under 5 mm); generalcoloration yellow, the head, anterior partof thoracicnotum and the sternopleuriteweakly darkened;legs yellow; wings paleyellow, unpatterned;macrotrichiaof cells very sparse;,Rr*r-r,oblique to suberect:
cell M, present;m-cu more than one-halfits length beyond the fork of.M; malehypopygiumwith the basistyleproducedinto a lobe beyondthe point of insertionof the dististyles; outer dististyle slender,with two major and a ferv microscopic
teeth at tip.
Mal,e. Length about 4 mm; wing 4.6-4.8 mm.
Describedfrom alcoholic material. Rostrum brownish yellorv: palpi pale brown.
scapeyellow, pedicel and flagellurn brou'n; basal flagellar
Antennae 16-segmented;
segmentsoval, slightly enlarged,beyondthe fourth or fifth becomingmore elongate,with conspicuousverticils. Head infuscated;eyes relatively large.
Thorax almost uniformly yellow or very pale brolvnish yellow; pronotum anC
praescutumwith indications of a weak brown median stripe, best indicated.on cephalic portion; sternopleurite weakly darkened. Halteres yellow. Legs yellow
throughout or with the fore coxae slightly darkened.Wings (Fig. t0) pale yellow,
the prearcular field a Iittle clearer; stigma not differentiated; veins yellow, poorly
delimited against the ground. Macrotrichia of cells very sparseand inconspicuous,
virtually restricted.to a few in outer end of cell ^En;costal fringe relatively long andconspicuous.Venation: .Bs strongly arcuated at origin; Rr*r*n oblique to suberect;
cell .8, relatively short; cell Mr lessthan one-half its petiole; nx-cumore than onehalf its length beyond the fork of.M, in casesat midlength of cell.
L62

ARKrv piin zoor,ocr. Bd 6 nr 7

t4

t5

16

Fig. 9. Helius (Helius) stenorhynclt?.rs
sp. n.; r-enatiorl. - Fig. 10. Puraclelphornyi,a(Oryrhiza)
ntinutoi,dessP. n.;.v-enation. - Fig. ll. Purude,lpltontyirt(()itlrhizrt) cl'istiuenasp. n.; veiation.
- Fig. 12. Parodelphomyia (Oxllrhizctl amrftilis *1r.tr.; r'enation.
Fig. lB. Pieud,ol;*nopt.ito
kambaitiae sp. n.; venat,ion. - Fig. 14. Helius lHilius) stenorhynchus Jp. r.r male hypopyiio*- Fig. 15. Parad'elphomyia (Oxyrhizal rninutoirles sp.n.; malehypopygrum. - Fig.'16-."Farud,elphomyia(Otyrhiza) distiaena sp. n.; male hypopygio-.
(.sym'bols:a, aedeagus; b, basistyle; d, dististyle; g, gonapophysis;f, tergite.)

Abdomen brow_nish
yellow, the caudal bordersof the more proximal tergites veryvaguely darkened;eighth sternite a little darker. Male hypopygium (Fig. lb) witl
th-ebasistyle,,b,prod.ucedbeyond the point of insertioo ol the dististyles as a stout
lobe that is longer than the inner dististyle and almost equal to the outer style;along outer margin of lobe with a single row of unusually long strong setae,ihe
remaining vestiture smaller. Outer dististyle, d, unusually slender,g.nily widened
outwardly, terminating in a strong acute spine, with a slightly r*ull.t'subapicalspine on outer margin, and three or four microscopicdenticl.r on lower margin
belgre tip. Ventral fork of aedeaguswith unusually slenderspines.
_ Holotype, alcoho_lic$, Kambaiti, altitude 7000 feet, June 4, 1g34 (Mer,ersn).
Paratopotypes,3 alcoholic dd.
The most similar species are Parad,elphomyia(Oryrhiza,)llnaesceres(BnuNnrrr),
163

cH. p. ALExANDEn, DI PTERA : Tipulidae-Cylindrotominae, Limoniinae, Iof the easternHimalayas,and P.(O.) cerina(Ar,oxaxonn),of southwesternChina.
In the structure of the male hypopygium, the fly is much more like the latter but
differs in the details,as the stout apical lobe of the basistylewith a different arrangement of major setae.In cerinathe wings are narrowerwith correspondingdifferencesin the venation. It may be recalledthat the presentgenuswas formerly knowtr as
Adelphomyia and later as Orydiscus.
Parailelplromyia(Oryrhiza) distiuenosp. n.
General coloration dark brown; legs brown, the tarsi somewhatpaler; wings
brownish yellow, the stigma pale brown; outer cells of wing with rather numerous
trichia; Sc moderatelylong, Sc, ending a short distancebeforethe level of the forkor very faintly indicated,lying unof Rs, shorterthan Rr*s*nivein R, subobsolete
usually far distad, Rr*" exceedingRr; male hypopygium with the basistylenot
producedbeyond origin of the dististyles; outer dististyle trispinous at apex, innerstyle unusually broad and.expanded,the marginsmore or lessconvolutedor folded
near basewith a more or less distinct lobe.
Male. Length about 6.5 mm; wing 7 mm.
Describedfrom alcoholic specimens.Rostrum and palpi dark brown. Antennaeof moderatelength, if bent backward extending about to the wing root; scapeand
pedicel dark brown, the flagellum paler; outer flagellar segmentsbecoming moreelongate,with unusually long outspreadingverticils. Head dark brown.
Thorax almost uniformly dark brown. Haltereswith stem pale, knob very weakly
darkened.Legs with coxaedark brown, the posteriorpair a trifle brighter; trochanters yellow; femora dark brown, tibiae paler brown, the tarsi still paler. Wings(Fig. 1l) with a brownish yellow tinge, the prearcular and costal fields somewhat
cleareryellow; stigma oval, pale brown; a scarcelyindicated brown cloud on anteriorcord, best indicated by a deepeningin color of the veins; veins beyond cord pale
brown, basad somewhatpaler, in casesbecomingyellow in the more brightened
fields (better shownin paratypethan in the holotype).Macrotrichiaof cellsbeyond
cord relatively numerous,especiallynear the wing tip. Venation: Sc moderately
long, Sc, endinga short distancebeforethe level of the fork of Rs, Sc, somedistancevein R, very faintly indicatedto subobsolete
from its tip, Sc, shorterthan Rz+s+ni
but evidently lying unusually far distad for a memberof the genus,.Br*, exceeding,Br; cell M, present; m-cu about opposite midlength of cell lst Mr.
Abdomen dark brown, including hypopygium. Male hypopygiunr(Fig. 16) withwhat appearsto representthe ninth tergite, 91, projectingcaudadas a conspicuous
lobe that is coveredwith abundant setae.Apex of basistyle,b,depressed-flattened
noi produced beyond the point of insertion of the dististyles. Outer dististyle, d,a slenderblackenedrod basally, more expandedbeyond, at apex with two strong
curved spines,the outermost a little more slenderand straighter, before apex onlower margin with an additional erect straight spine. Inner dististyle large anddark-colored,with a more or lessdistinct more basallobe on outer portion,complex,-bearing
four or five strong setae;remainderof style further expandedor dilated
thisg,and strongly convoluted, the total area extensive;apex obtuse. GonapophY,sis,,a very broad flattened plate. Ventral fork of aedeaguswith eacharm a small slendergentlycurved spine, these decussateacrossthe midline (not figured).
Hitotape, alcoholicJ, Kambaiti, altitude 6800 feet, April 10, 1934 (llar,elso).
Paratopotype,alcoholic j.
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ARKrvpcin zoor,ocr.Bd 6 nr 7
(BnuThe most similar regional speciests Paradelphomyia(Oryrhiza)llauescens
Nnrrr), which likewisehas the basistyleof the male hypopygiumunproduced.The
present fly differs in all details of the male hypopygium.
(Oryrhiza)amab'ilissp. n.
Parad,elphomyia,
Generalcoloration dark brown; knobs of halteresinfuscated;wings light yellow,
sparselybut handsomelypatterned with pale brown, the markings restricted to thevicinity of the veins; Sc, unusually long, nearly twice Rr+r+n;,cell Mt present;innerend of cell lsf Mrlying basadof cellsRn and Rr; m-cu at near midlength of the lower
face of cell lst Mr.
Female. Length about 7 mm; wing 7 mm.
Describedfrom alcoholicmaterial. Rostrum and palpi dark brown, terminal segment of the latter subequalin length to the penultimatebut more slender.Antennae
with scapeand pediceldark brown, flagellum paler, especiallythe outer segments;
basal two or three flagellar segmentssomewhatenlarged,the outer onesbecoming
linear, with relatively long and conspicuousverticils; terminal segmentelongate.
Head dark brown.
Thorax almost uniformly dark brown, the praescutumwithout evident stripes,
the surfaceglabrousor virtually so, scutellumstill darker. Halteres with stem pale,knob infuscated.Legs with the fore coxaedark brown, the remainingcoxaeyellow;
trochantersobscureyellow, the tips a little darker; remainderof legsbroken. Wings(Fig. 12) with the ground color light yellow, sparselybut handsomelypatternedwith pale brown, as follows:A cloud at origin of Rs, confinedto the cell; a broadband over cord, not quite connectedwith anothercloud over veitt Rr; outer end ofcell 1sl Mr; smalland insignificantcloudsover ,Sc,and fork of Mr*r; certainof theveins beyond cord, especiallyRu,Mr*r, distal sectionoI Cur, and outer ends of
medial veins vaguely seamedwith darker, best-indicatedby a deepeningin colorof the veins; veins yellow, brown in the patterned areas.Macrotrichia of cells relatively numerousin apical portion, from cells R, to Cu, inclusive,most numerousin
the distal endsof the cells;wings relatively broad, widest oppositethe origin of .Bs
and termination of vein Znd A. Venation: Sc, ending about oppositefork of Rs, unusually long, nearly twice Rz*s*EiRs angulatedat origin; Rr*, about one-half.Rr;
Rr*rrclatively long and gently sinuous,about twice Rr*"*oi inner end of cell 1stM,
about two-thirds its petiole;narr-owed,lying basadof level of cellsRn or ft5; cell .11'1,
rn-cu at near midlength of lower face of cell 1stMr.
Abdomen dark brown, especially outwardly, the more proximal tergites with
obscureyellow incisures;basalsternitescleareryellow. Ovipositor darkenedbasally,
the elongatevalves yellow; cerci strongly upcurved.
Holotype,alcoholic!, Kambaiti, altitude 6800 feet, April 10, 1934(Mer,ersn).
Paradelphomyia(Onyrhiza)amabilis is readily told from all other regionalspecies
by the pattern of the wings. The unusually long vein Sc, and.the basal productionof cell lst M, are noteworthy characters.
GenusPseudolimnophilc Ar,nxeNonn
Pseudolimnophilakambaitiaesp. n.
General coloration dark brown, the lateral praescutal borders brighter; wings
grayish,restrictedlypatternedwith pale brown clouds,including origin of Rs, stigma,
cord and outer end of cell /st Mr; Screndingoppositefork of Rs, Sc, at its tip; R2*3*a165

cE. p. ALExANDnn,DIPTERA : Tipuliilae-Cylindrotominoe, Limoniinae, I

modgrately arcuated, a little shorter than Rz+siRr*, and R, subequal; cell M, aboat
one-half longer than its petiole; nx-cuat near one-third to two-fifths the length ofcell lst Mr.
Xemal,e. Length about 8 mm; wing 8 mm.
Described from an alcoholic specimen.Rostrum and palpi brown. Antennae ofmoderate length, brown; flagellar segmentsoval, the outer segmentsa very little
more elongate; longest verticils subequal in length to the segments.Head darkbrown, more grayish above; anterior vertex wide.
Pronotum light brown. Mesonotum almost uniformly dark brown, the lateralpraescutalbordersbrighter: no clearly definedpraescutalstripesexceptingthe darker
median area. Pleura brown, the ventral sternopleurite darker. Halteres relatively
long, yellow. Legs with the fore coxae infuscated, the remaining coxae yellow;
trochanters yellow; remainder of legs broken. Wings (Fig. 13) with the ground color
grayish, restrictedly patterned with pale brown clouds to produce a weak pattern,arranged as follows: Origin of Bs; stigma; broad seamsover cord and outer end ofcell 7st Mr; prearcular field slightly more yellowed; veins brown, a little morebrightened in the yellowed field. Venation: Sc of moderate length, Sc, ending opposite fork of .Bs,.Sc,longer, at its tip; Rr*r*n moderately arcuated, a little shorter
th,1n Rr+si Rr*, and .8, subequal; cell M, aboat one-half longer than its petiole;cell -lsf Mrlong-rectangular, with nt,-cuat near one-third to two-fifths the length;cell Znd,A relatively narrow; anterior arculus lacking.
Abdomen brown, the terminal segmentsdarker; extreme caudal borders of bothtergites and sternites darkened, outer discal portions of sternites more yellowed.
Ovipositor with the valves horn-yellow; cerci long and slender,gently upcurved.
Holotype,alcoholic t, Kambaiti, altitude 6800 feet, April 10, 1934 (Mll,arsn).
Pseud'olimnophilalffimbaitiq,eis readily told from other describedregional members of the genusby the distinctive but unusually pale and restricted wing pattern.
Other specieseither have the wings immaculate, except for the stigma, or elsehave
a distinct and heavy darkenedpattern. The lossof the anterior arculusmay indicatethat the genericassignmentis incorrect and that the fly may better be placed inAustr olimnoph,ilaAr,pxa xo nn.

Tryckt den l8 december 1963

Uppsala 1953. Almqvirt & Wiksells Boktryckeri AB

166