!"#³%c ;Ke  # 4´µ¶ῌ·@ ¸+)+ JOCV   !"#$% &'() *+,)-./ #0123456 7,)-.89 :;< .* km =>?  @A4#BC% ,,D EFG +33-  + H I;< ,**+  0 H JKL 2 M#NOPEQN56 Y  Z["RSTU JICA V WX -\ C ]^_F`Z[ῌ\ab c deEfg hijk#l< mOnoEcpq%4rsLtu235 vwx No. .2 y? ,*** X "RSTU Sz &  *+,)-./ {|}~ +330,,***  6 L ,)-.OP   L$N5c ;KeOP# 4  ῌῌZ!#c ;Ke tde# 4q6, c ;Ke OP,)-.I+  +33. #Q35hij OP#4 c ;Ke OPX#q%
C<35;<I2356 ,)-.Lc ;Ke #N L$%¡¢ £¤!#  ¥¦§E¨©q%ª« X T#¢¬q­® £¤ ¯#§­ °¬± ²#Kyosuke Inoue & Kei Tagawa : The Promotion of Improved Clay Ovens inNiger Involving Ovens with Greater E$ciency !"01   ῌ  + ¹jº ColombiaUniversity School of International and Public A#airs» ¼T No. // ῍,**,῎59 ῌ 
  -  !" # $%"()#*&'+, -./012 + 3412 + º9./0-3.<./0 #H./0 I./04.  $56"7)

:)89";<=>$

?

> @  $ -  A*BC"'*>/ DE%F  $GHI./0 = -12 +J4 I./0KHLMNO.< P>QRSTUVVW.<XYZ$ [ KH"\ ]^=_+`..<=> / +Ka I./0 b + !".< , !cLd5./0:ef9>#H./0 -12 + g4h$Zif[, -**j/** fCFA -% /*j2* k4 Z " &lmnL":a*'o,&l "p * q(rs)t +33/ ! u*vwKHxyz+{,Z-|}~)."xy/ a*>LG.

+330 !e L|":I./0&l|"* $L">*./0UT 0%F* T" -j. "1a*xy/T a@ *Txyz+

"T.<L|}0=xy&l@¡¢ 2£q(+332 !.<¤RS¥¦3".§* &lq(¨xy/>:e© ª «"xy z+ *>"ZI./0KH}¬­®¯ =a*>+33/ !&lq(rs4 ,*** !/¤RS¥q(L"§I./0KH°5 +  e,¤RS¥L">*6± /1+ ²I./0KH"p6L./0KH"³<, $G7,´µ¶KHT}·¸mn XY8¹":f,
60 » : ¼ No. // ῍,**,῎++33/,*** )*&’3/  ¡¢£¤¥¦§¨©ª«¡¤«¡¬­®®&'/L’30’317>?’32’33’**2

.,
+++.

,

0.
++120*23,/+,.
0/+*3,2+*-+.
3+2+*+-10/1+.,.20
0,*/121-,,2+*
,.
,+2
+*

23++1+-0
+,22,

,/

.

1

++2/

+-*+,++*0/-¯ +° >?"¡±² ¥³/LM=(´µ8¯ ,° >?" ¶·+=M756g [¸/&¹ºT=M78 ῌ +, !"#! $ ,, %&'()*+",-./0+! )*&'(12345 6789:;<+=">?@AB>CDE/2=F῎G567HI JK./&/LM=NDOPQRS/QT=M
7@ UVW>?XAB>C(NEYJZ[\#M[6]^T78 _2=`a Mb+Mcd/" [AB>Cef#g>?hijkT=+Z[ M8

 JK.#lm(WM=UV/n/op(qM=M#MDEr/2="s<(Vt+_Zu7vw x! ##>?

/y^#M[6]^T78 z/ &5{|}(~+= &5{» ¼ ῍ C No. // ῌ,**,῍61!"#$%&'()*+,-./
012* 34567*8 9 :;< =>?@A9 B῍CDE% (F *ST , HIJM4567U

G3 39 HIJKLM&'(4567NOPQR*8=ST ,F9 UVW'@&'(OPXMYXOPZ[\]^*_'@UV`ab=cdefgUVKLhij&'(*OP3F9 '(OPkUlmnop* gqr*st3uST - &'(9 &'(iv*w3x8y3 z{| _9 }~CDE% =%"\0F }~' H3**8 39 &'( H'(*OPzMy3 M'(*uOPOLq*b9  &'(* ,*** +,3 =ST -F '(OP*9 ῌ*  (9 z{&'( y39M¡¢£g'@|_ ¤M_ y3- !"#$%¥¦ ,***  3 §9 ++ § , ¨§*'9 0 ©&'(67ªr*«39!"#$%¬­%® =¯u¨|*°±² ,- ¨|F '(³´µ*8y3 ¶|*·¸¹ºb962» ¼  L No. // ῌ,**,῍ ,,*** WXYZ!"#$[\$]78=^_`abcd1ee*!
0$1fg\h456[ijk5l[g5li5f[g5lmnf5o+65)4p1q1\r4pghs*t)5)
q54$
ugv
d1w!
xyz
fm\6g{|fg}5t\d1w!
}5t\d1~""!
}5l+g+01+2-0+-2.2./2,-.
+,32,12,.11+0*1,-,++0+1
-*/1.
,-+-*
1.10- 2+04-3. 2+*4,3.- 2.04,3+, 2 .4-3/, 2.,403.1 2 /4*3+2. 2-/423+2 2 14,3+*3 2.14,323 2+/4-3+.+ 2,24/3-3 2,,4,3/1 2+1403,2 2,+4/3* 2 *4*3/, 2+34-3* 2 *4*3,1 2 .4.3* 2 *4*3+0 2 -4-3. 2 +4/3- 2 ,4*3* 2 *4*3/1 2+.413+ 2 ,403+, 2+,433.- 2+/4-3+3 2+/403-+0 2--4/3+.- 2,1423+.1 2/2423,* 2 2413,*0 2-/4.3,** 2.*4.3-3 2,,4,3++0 2-/423-* 2,-4+3,0 2.04.3++* 2.*4330 2+1403-,/ 2/,4.311 2//4*3,02 2//403+-0 2/*4133* 20*423/0 20+4/3,0/ 2024/3-. 2214,3-1 2-3423,,/ 22*4+3/+ 2.+423/2* 20+4/3+20 2-04,32/ 2-.4*3+** 2.-4-3,2/ 2.34*3+/. 2-+4+332 2//403+/+ 2.04031, 2//4.3-* 2/-403+*0 2-34.3,2 22,4.3,0, 2.,4-30- 2./4*3+32 2.+4+3+,. 2.04-3/- 2-/423-/ 2-24/3,14/,,4,
//40
14,
1*42
14.
/*4*
++4.
0-4,.4+-24,-34*,-42-+43*4*,140*4*
243*4*/40-4+.4+*4*-5+11

3222+.423,5..2-0403-5,,,2.24-3,.4.



789
2ῌ3 +3 2 3 =^]XYZcXLL 9 2ῌ3+**ῌ XTO=   :B ,3 789D789 KD  `abcXN: +(/bc  

  , !"#$%&'()*+,- ,./0$1 2//.0ῌ3 456 21*.2ῌ3 789:;/ <=>?:@AB =CDE FGHI:
J KL:789;MNOPQDRSTL  UV'    No. // ῍,**,῎63

 ’30’32 !  " #/*.*῍$ "  % &#0-.-῍$ '()*+,-./0 123 4*56'789
:;<=>?@A2 BCDE3µ¶ . '*b]^UG&F

&GHIJ*' #K

LM NO PQ  RSGTUU PVWXQY ZUQYV$ ’3/’30 * *[\ ]^_`aEbc/0 9d*e&f-. #,-.2-3.*῍$3 ] ,gh1iPVWXQY''*jkal-.E #+.+ m -2.,῍$3n F &GHoJ*' #Zpq rTWsVt rTWsVuv$ / ’3/’30 ** 8'( )*-]wx3 yz{E| ]^1}> ~DE1* 3 *n`]^*2 #.,..//.0῍$3 4D'`]^{ERS *>{E4 1kaDE3F &GHo*{E' #sVt "W " r &$ /yz{E| ]^ >  . ' 1 *῍ 34*/*0 ]'b*14 DE3o ,- '| ]^*322 m ¡¢£* +ῌ. *3 0 ¤¥ *4*[\1¦E4  §*¨©
* ª «8*y¬ ­^D®=9d

9¯ °<ῌ:;¦±E 64 E3 78*²Ad*³´ #µ¶ .$3. 

,*** ¤ +, · ,**+ ¤ - ·= ¸¹]^ `]^ | ]64º »  ¼ No. // ῎,**,῏- -R)3eV%ghij2kl)mnhgopqrspῌ*t>p+, u 0 k+ u ,/ k, u + k- u ,2 k3 : **v+. : **3 : **v+. : /*3 : -*v+/ : ,*3 : -*v+, : ./w
w
ww,,x,1,+x,2,,x-+-0x.,-+x-*-0x-*-*x-,-+x-/yy
yxz
yxzp < : {|) = : }~)- .
 R  - kg _R l+ IL, IL)m + l )m +/4*,.4*-04*+3,,,3,21+,4234/24*
+,4*,+4*-04*,-.
+1,-+,+34/24,
241- I`a+,4*,.4*,.4*,3/,.,-,2,.40+*4++-41. IB4 rufescens+24*,.4*,14*+.2+2.
+.124,141/4.

  - kg   +  - l .

 !"#$%&'(  )*+, - - ./01234 56789:;"<=>%?@AB%" CD4
E2FGH% !"#$- .IAJKL5+, , M$>NO( L% !#PQRST#$%UVO'3WX RYZ3&% !I[!(  -IA Combretum micranthum C. glutinosum,C. nigricans, Guiera senegalensis 2\]"O^[3_%`a bc#R_d'( R.

I3e5A Bauhinia rufescens f'`a!(5    No. // ῍,**,῎65     ! "#$% B. rufescens &'()  $  *+,-./0123& 4 5 6789'3  8 :; B. rufescens ! 4 5< 8&.$ 4 5 =1>.8& 86$?3 @AB )C B. rufescensDE. -& ! "#  4 5 FG?+H I JK$1ῌ&78&F.AB L$M @ABNOAB%7

P 51 +.-Q,  < 8&RS( A TU1 3 8VW /&NOAB @AB$XY78$?3 !UZ/"( /1./Q++/.* kg4 5&[#.78&3 \ / !UZ/"( 4 5]$  ,-*.* kg ^_` Z% &aAB'bcd$L&8& e($$&78 )* f$g&hij78 &a k$l m&8'B n+1S7& o,RS7p@AB$'+1S7 q%rs tu@ABv$NOAB$w3xy3iSzp/ῌ ΐ῏῎῍@AB{-| }~$S75.a78&. /'0112')*3S7 A4&5) 46

ῌ7 Z8p2'9W 5: hi;4 /YG  A@AB 12$P' &/$'7$8 8p3w(&>'3i7  <u 5:{} l$?3@AB )&E78Szp 4 & 7¡¢£¤¥=¦?(§5 @AB )&8¨3>© V+ªῒῑ῔ῐ« +` Banque mondiale (+323) L’ Afrique subsaharienne de la crise aune croissance durable ,` !U?¬­ \,***Q,**+` ®!¯°±@² ³¥´µA¶±@ ·  ¸¹º66 » 7 ¼ No. // ῍,**,῎