On new or little-known Tipulidse.

289

X X X I V . - - N e w or little-known Tipulidse (Diptera).--XXIV.
Australasian Species. By CI~ARLESP. ALEXANDEa, Ph.D.,
F.E.S., Massachusetts Agricultural College, Amherst,
Massachusetts, U.S.A.

THE species described at this time are all from New Zealand,
where they were collected by my friends, Messrs. Campbell~
Hamilto% Harris, Howes, Jensen~ Myers, and Oliver, invarious parts of the main islands and in Stewart Island.
The types of the novelties are preserved in the writer's
collection.
Dicranomyia acanthophallus, sp. n.

General coloration dark grey ; antennae black throughout ;halteres pale, the knobs infuscated ; wings subhyaline, stigmaoval, vein Cu faintly seamed with darker ; male hypopygiumwith the eedeagus provided with small spines and tubercles.
Male.--Length about 4 ram. ; wing 6"8 ram.
Rostrum and palpi black. Antennm black, the flagellar
segments oval. Head blackish, pruiuose, the anterior partof the vertex lighter grey.
Pronotum dark grey. Mesonotum dark brownish grey,
tile latter shade being produced by a pruinosity, the prmscutum without distinct stripes; median area of scutum,
the scutellum, and postnotum light grey. Pleura light grey.
Halteres pale, the knobs infuscated. Legs with the cox~e
infuscated, pruinose basally, the apices pale; trochantersbrownish testaceous ; femora brownish testaceous, the tips
passing into dark brown ; remainder of the legs brown, thetarsi passing into black. Wings subhyaline, the stigma oval,rather pale brown ; a very vague pale seaming along the cordand outer end of cell 1st M2 ; vein Cu in cell M seamedwith brown ; veins dark brown. Venation: Set ending
opposite the origin of Rs, Sc~ some distance from its tip, SClalone being a little shorter than the basal deflection of Cut ;Rs weakly angulated and slightly spurred near origin ; basal
deflection of R2+a subequal to or a trifle longer than thebasal deflection of R,+5; cell 1st M2 rectangular; basal
deflection of Ca1 immediately beyond the fork of M.
Abdomen brown. Male hypopygium with the basistyles
relatively small with a conspicuous mesal fleshy lobe.
Ventral basistyles large and fleshy, the rostrum relatively
short, with two relatively long, nearly straight spines,
situated close together near mid-length of the caudal faceAnn. & Mag. hr. [list. ~er. 9. Vol. xiv.
19

290

Dr. C. P. Alexander onof the rostrum, one spine a little shorter than the other.
Dorsal di~tistyle not strongly curved, bent subangularly, thelong apex suddenly narrowed, acute. Gonapophyses withthe mesa] apical lobe relatively slender, curved, the extreme
tip directed laterad, the lateral margin before the apex
slightly roughened or subspinose ; the lateral edge of eachal)ophyse slopes rapidly basad, with a powerful chitinized
rod running from near mid-length to the base of tlle mdeagus.
_/Edeagus broad, feebly dilated beyond mid-length~ the surface
set with numerous sharp microscopic spines, larger near tim
postmedial dilated portion~ becoming smaller and more
tuberculate before the tip; base of mdeagus with a few
powerful setm.
Hub. NewZealand (South Island).
Holotype, (~, Gle~lorchy, Otago, altitude 1200 feet,
December 27, 1923 (F. S. Oliver).
In its general appearance, Dicranomyia acanthopltallus is
not unlike a small D. cinerella, Alexander, but differs fromall New Zealand species of the genus so far described by thespinous a~deagus.

Dieranomyia otagensis, sp. n.
Allied to D. annulifera, Alexander ; mesonotal pra~seutum
dull; wings yellowish subhyaline, the st~gnaa pale; abdominal segments bicolorous, the apex of each infuscated ;bus]styles of hypopygium with a small sctiferous tubercle onmesai face at base.
fllale.--Length about 7 mm. ; wing 7"6-8"2 ram.
Female.--Length 7-8 ram. ; wing 8-9 ram.
Rostrum and pulp] black. Antcnnm black, the scapal
segments pruinose; flagellar segments ova]. Head darkgrey medially, the anterior part of the vertex silvery grey,
the sides of the vertex behind more or less infuscated.
Pronotum brownish black, pale laterally.
Mesonotal
prmscutum varying from pale to darker brown, opaque,pruinose, the lateral margins brighter-coloured, yellowish;
remainder of mesonotum light brown, the scutellum somewhat more pruinose. Pleura brownish testaceous, sparsely
pruinose. Halteres greenish white, the base of the stem
paler, the knobs more or less infhscated. Legs with theeoxm pale, sometimes strongly greenish, the fore coxm alittle infuscated basally; trochanters greenish; femora
brownish yellow ; remainder of the legs dark brown. Wings
pale yellowish subhyaline, the stigma unusually pale, only alittle darker than the ground-colour ; veins brownish bhtck,new or little-lenown T~pulicl~.

291

the costa paler; obliterative areas at end of Rs and acrossboth ends of cell 1st Ms. Venation : Sc short, Scl ending
opposite or extending a short distance beyond the origin ofRs, Sc~ just before this origin; Rs long, more than twice
the basal deflection of Rd+~ ; basal deflection of Cu~ at orclose to the fork of M.
Abdominal segments bicolorous, the basal half or more of
the segments yellowish, the apical half or less dark brown,
the extreme caudal margins of the segments a little paler ;the colours of the sternites less contrasting than those of
the tergites ; ventral dististyles of hypopygium tinged withgreenish. Male hypopygium with the ninth tergite having
a very gently concave caudal margin. Basistyle with a small
setiferous lobe at base on mesal face in addition to the usual
large fleshy lobe. Ventral dististyle large and fleshy, therostrum unusually long and projecting, the two spines borne
far out toward the tip which is infuscated beyond them, thespines situated close together at base, gently curved, longand slender, one a very little longer than the other ; face ofstyle at base of rostrum with a low tubercle. Dorsal dististyle moderately curved, the long tip acute. Gonapophyses
with the mesal lobe long and slender, only gently curved or
almost straight, the margins smooth~ the apex obtusely
rounded and a little infuscated.
Hab. New Zealand (South Island).
Holotype, (~, Junction Creek, Glenorchy, Otago, altitude
3000 feet, January 5, 1924~ (F. S. Oliver).
Allotopotype, ?.
Paratopolypes, 7 ~ 9.
" Swept from Cassinia scrub."Dicranomyia arthuriana, sp. n.
General coloration light yellow ; basal segment of antennalong, pale, the second segraent globular, darkened; wings
tinged with yeliow, the costal region more suffused; malehypopygium with tim rostral spines elongate, placed close
together ; dorsal dististyle only slightly curved, the apex
lmJg and slender.
~/fale.--Length about 6-6"5 ram. ; wing 6-7 ram.
Rostrum yellow, the palpi brown. Antennm with thebasal segment of the scape long, pale; second segment
enlarged, subglobular, dark brown; flagellum brown, thesegments short-oval. Head yellow.
Thorax light yellow, the centre of the pr~escutum very
indistinctly darker. Halteres pale, the knobs infuscated.
19 ~

292

Dr. C. P. Alexander on

Legs with the eoxm and troehanters yellow ; femora brownish
yellow; remainder of legs broken. Wings tinged withyellow, the costal region and a seam along vein Cu a little
more suffused; stigma very pale, barely indicated ; veins
yellow, those beyond the cord a httle more infnscated.
Venation : Sc short, Sc 1 ending a short distance before theorigin of Rs, Sc: lacking; Rs short, not longer than thebasal deflection of R4+5 but a little more areuated; basal
deflection of Cu~ at the fork of M.
Abdomen yellow. Male hypopygium with the caudal
margin of the tergite slightly concave, the median area
sparsely setiferous. Basistyles small, the mesal lobe verylarge. Ventral dististyle large and fleshy, rostrum relatively
small, the two spines long and slender, pointed, considerably
longer than the apex of the rostrum beyond them, placed
very close together.
Dorsal dististyle a slightly curved
blade, slightly widened beyond mid-length, thence gradually
narrowed to the long straight apex. In D. sulphuralis andallies this style is strongly curved, sickle-shaped.
Hab. New Zealand (South Island).
Holotype, ~) alcoholic, Arthur's Pass, Canterbury, altitude
3000 feet, December 28, 1923 (J. I/F. Campbell).
Paratopotype, ~ alcoholic.
Dicranomyia arthuriana is generally similar to D. sulphuralis, Edwards, from which it differs chiefly in genitalic
characters.

Molophilus reeisus, sp. n.
Male.--Length about 4'5 ram. ; wing 6 mm.
Belongs to the quadrifidus group and is very closely related
to M. ohakunensis, Alexander (North Island), from which it
differs in genitalic characters.
Basal dististyle of male hypopygium with the flattened
lateral blades about intermediate in breadth between ~uadrifldus and ohakunensis, the notch between the mesal arms
and the lateral blade larger than in ohakunensis, but subcircular in outline ; the basal appendage on the mesal face ishere reduced to a small chitinized tooth or apprcssed spinethat is sparsely setiferous. In 3I. ohakunends, this region isvery tumid and is densely and conspicuously setiferous:
tiab. New Zealand (South Island).
Holotype, ~, Woodbaugh Valley, Dunedin, Otago, October 14, 1923 (~V. Geo. Howes).
Paralopo@yes, 2 (~ ~.

new or llttle-known Tipulida~.

293

Molophilus slewartensis, sp. n.
Closely related to M. luteipygus, Alexander, and M. pktipleura, Alexander; pleura not striped with dark and lightmarkings ; basal dististyle only about one-half the length ofthe ~edeagus.
Male.--Length about 2"5 mm. ; wing 3"3 mm.
Most closely allied to M. pictipleura, Alexander (South
Island). Rostrum and palpi brownish black. Antennm
short, dark brown, the verticils conspicuous. Head grey,
the centre of the vertex a little darker.
Pronotum obscure yellow. Mesonotal prmseutum lightbrown, without distinct stripes, the anterior lateral margin
yellow; posterior lateral margin of prmseutum and of the
scutum darker brown; postnotal mediotergite dark brown.
Pleura dark brown, the dorso-p]eural region obscure yellow ;ventral pleurites pruinose in certain lights. Halteres obscurebrownish yellow, the base of the stem paler. Legs with thecoxm and trochanters brownish testaceous; femora andtibim concolorous, clothed with dark brown setm ; tarsi darkbrown, especially the terminal segments. Wings with a faintgrey tinge, the veins dark brown. Venation: vein 2nd.4
relatively short, gently sinuate, ending in a very short distancebeyond the base of the petiole of cell Ma.
Abdomen black, the hypopygium a very little paler,brown. Male hypopygium with tile basistyles almost as
in M. luteipygus, Alexander, the apical beak relatively tong
and slender. Basal dististyle almost as in M. pictipleura,
Alexander, very short, relatively stout and straight, darkcoloured, but not blackened, throughout its length andprovided with a few weak denticles at the extreme tip.
Outer dististyle with the lateral arm not so dilated as in
3/i. luteipygus. ~deagus nearly twice as long as tim basal
dististyle,Hub. New Zealand (South Island, Stewart Island).
Hololype, ~, Half~moon Bay, Stewart !sland~ altitude
110 feet, November 20, 1923 (N. J. Jensen).
Paratopotypes, 3 broken ~ ~' ; paratypes, 2 (~ ~ , Glen~orchy, Otago, altitude 1200 feet, December 23, 1923 (F. S.
Oliver); on tutu (Coriaria) scrub in open; (~, Arthur'sPass, Canterbury, altitude 3000 feet~ December 28-31, 1923

(J. IF, Campbell),
Molophilus submorosus, sp. n,
General coloration light reddish brown, the postnotum
and thoracic pleura dark brown i head yellow ; wings greyish

29i

Dr. C. P. Alexander onyellow basally, the apex clearer yellow; male hypopygiumwith the basal dististyle straight~ tapering gradually to theacute apex, the surface with a few scattered denticles.
Male.--Length about 4 mm.; wing 5 ram.
Rostrum and palpi black. Antennm short, the scapal
segments brown, the flagellum pale yellowish or testaceousbrown, the outer segments darker ; flagellar segments oval.
Head yellow, the centre of the vertex subinfuscated.
Prouotum obscure yellow. Mesonotum light reddish
brown, the margins clearer; postnotum and pleura darkbrown ; dorso-pleural membranes obscure yellow. Halteres
obscure yellow, the knobs clear light yellow. Legs with thecoxa~ yellowish brown, darker basally; trochanters obscurebrownish yellow; remainder of legs yellow, the terminal
tarsal segments infuscated. Wings greyish yellow basally,
the apex (beyond the cord) clearer yellow ; veins yellow;
macrotrichia~ brown. Venation : petiole of cell R 4 longer
than the basal deflection of Cu1 ; vein 2nd A long, extending
to just before the end of the petiole of cell Ma.
Abdomendark brown, the hypopygium paler.
Malehypopygium with the apical beak of each basistyle moderately stout, heavily chitinized, the tips acute and directedcephatad. Basal dististyle a relatively short straight rod
that tapers very gradually to the acute apex, all except thebase blackened, the surface and apex with a few scatteredsubobsolete denticles. _/Edeagus about one-third longer thanthe basal dististyle.
Hab. New Zealand (South Island).
Holotype, c~, Junction Creek, Glenorchy, Otago, altitude
3000 feet, January 5, 1924 (F. S. Oliver).
Paralopolype, c~; paratypes, 20 ~ ? , mostly alcoholic,Arthur's Pass, Canterbury, December 28, i923-January 1,
192~ (J. VU. Campbell).
" Swept from Cassinia serub."--Oliver.
Molophilus earapbellianus, sp. n.
Male.--Length 8-8"8 ram. ; wing 4 2 ram.
Very similar in general appearance to M. pulcherrimus,
Edwards, differing strikingly in the structure of the malehypopygium.
3/fesonotal praescutum with the lateral margins narrowly
dark brown, the usual intermediate stripes being developed
only on the anterior half of the sclcrite. Wings with thebrown spot in cell R beneath the origin of Rs larger, dashlike; white marginal spots larger, those in cells 1g4 and R5

new or Utde-known Tipulidm.

295

small; anal cells more extensively infuscated. Male hypopygium with the terminal beak of the basistyle slender,
black. Basal dististyle very tumid, the base slender, swollen
into a subglobular mass, the outer or lateral margin of which
is weakly denticulate. Fork of the outer dististyle not so
deep as in M. pulcherrimus.
Hab. New Zealand (South Island).
Holotype, c~,Arthur's Pass, Canterbury, altitude 3000 feet,
December 28, 1923-January 1, 1924 (J. Hr. Campbell).
Paratopotypes, 5 (~ ~ , mostly alcoholic.
This handsome crane-fly is named iu honour of my friend,
Dr. James W. Campbell, to whom the writer is vastlyindebted for help and co-operation in making known the
fascinating Tipulid fauna o~ New Zealatld.

Molophilus verecundus, sp. n.
General coloration yellow; wings bright yellow, the veinsa little darker; male hypopygium with the basal dististyleprofom~dly bifid beyond mid-length, the arms slender, acute.
Male.--Length about 3 mm.; wing 4-4"2 mm.
Rostrum yellow; palpi dark brown. Autetm~e of moderate
length ; basal segments brownish yellow; flageltar segments
pale brown with conspicuous white set~e. Head yellow.
Mcsonotal prmscutum fulvous yellow, unmarked, thelateral margins narrowly sulphur-yellow; remainder ofmesonotum yellowish testaceous.
Pleura concolorous.
Halteres pale, the knobs yellow. Legs with the cox~e andtrocha, ters yellow; remainder of the legs yellow, gradually
passing into brown on the tarsi. Wings with a bright yellow
suffusion, the veins darker yellow. Venation: vein 2nd A
long, slightly variable in its relation to the petiole of cell M~,
in some ending opposite mid-length of this vein, in others
not so far from the end.
Abdomen pale brownish yellow. Male hypopygium withthe basistyle terminating in deep, moderately chitinized
blades, the apex acute. Basal dististyle a powerful rod thatis profoundly bifid to just beyond mid-length, one arm continued candad as a direct prolongation of the base but muchnarrowed and acutely pointed; the other arm is about twothirds the length of the apical spine, on one style bent gently
toward the apex of the terminal spine, on the opposite stylebent gently away from it. Outer dististyle with the mesial
branch reduced to a short blunt tubercle, the lateral branchbeing very broad, blade-like.
Hub. ~ew Zealand (South Island).

296

Dr. C. P. Alexander on

Holotype, c~, Arthur's Pass, Canterbury, altitude 3000 feet,
December 28, 1923-January ], 1924 (J. 147. Campbell).
Paratopotypes, 2 alcoholic c~ c~.
Jlolophilus verecundus is related to M. denticulatus,
Alexander.
Tasiocera bitubercuIata, sp. n.
General coloration dark brown ; wings pale brown ; cell M3
about equal in length to its petiole ; male hypopygium withthe pha!losome broad, the caudal margin oil either side witha small blunt tubercle.
Male.--Length about 3"2 mm. ; wing 4 ram.
Generally similar to T. tridentata (Alexander).
Rostrum, palpi, antennm, and head uniformly dark brown.
Mesonotum dark brown~ the pleura similar, the posterior
pleurites a little paler.
Haltcres relatively long, pale,
especially at base. Legs with the cox~e and trochantersbrown ; remainder of legs broken. Wings with a pale browntinge, the veins slightly darker brown. Venation: Scl
ending opposite r, Se~ opposite three-fifths the length ofRs, the latter of moderate length, angulated at origin ; R2+~
a little longer than the basal defleetiou of R~+~; innerends of cells R.~, Rz, and M~ in oblique alignment, thelast more basad ; cell M~ about equal to its petiole which islonger titan vein Cul beyond it but shorter than the distalsection of M~; basal deflection of Cu~ about two-thirds of
its length before the fork of M ; vein 2nd ,4 short, ending
just before the origin of Rs. Wings cuneiformly narrowed,
the prearcular cells cells relatively large.
Abdomen dark brown. Male hypopygium with the dististyles slender, dark-coloured, the setm small and scattered.
Phal[osome appearing as a broad transverse mass, thecaudal margin obtusely rounded, near mid-distance of eachside with a blunt tubercle; mdeagus small, curved.
Hub. New Zealaml (Sou~h Island).
Holot~zpe, ~ , Glenorchy, Otago, altitude 1500 feet,
January 5, 1924~ (F. S. Oliver).
" On rushes along water-course."
The ibllowing New Zealand species, described in the genus
Molophilus before the male hypopygial characters of thegenus Tasiocera were known, should be referred to this latter
genus : I: gourlayi (Alexander), T. paulula (Alexander), andT. tridentata (Alexander).

new or little-known Tipulid~e.

297

Mmphineurus ( Amphineurus) bicorniger, sp. n.
Re]a[ed to A. (A.) campbelli, Alexander; antennm short,the flagellar segments oval ; general coloration pale brownish
test,~ceous ; male hypopygium with the basal outer dististyle,the basal dististyle, and each gonapophyse bifid at tips.
MMe.--Lcngth about 4"5 ram. ; wing 4"8 ram.
I~elated to and resembling A. (A.) campbelli, differing
conspicuously in the short antennm and the structure of themale hypopygium.
l~ostrum and palpi brown. Antcnnm relatively short,brown throughout, the flagellar segments oval, clothed with
abundant erect white setm.
3/[esonotum pale brownish testaceous, the median areaof the prmscutum slightly darker; humeral region brighter.
Pleura infnscated, the colour passing on to the lateral marginsof the postnotal mediotergite. Halteres dark brown, thebase of the stem brighter. Legs with the coxm and trochanters pale, the former a little infuscated ; femora andtibiae obscure yellow, the colour concealed by abundant dark
setm; tarsi dark brown. Wings brownish subhyaline, themacrotrichim conspicuous, dark brown; veins paler brown.
Venation : r a little more than its length beyond the origin
of/?2 ; R2+3 a little shorter than the basal deflection of R4+~.
Abdomen dark brown; tufts of velT long serve at theposterior lateral angles of the abdominal segments. Malehyp()pygium of the general type of A. campbelli, the basistyles being greatly prolonged beyond the outer dististyle.
Basal outer dististyle deeply bifid, the outer style conspicnously dilated at base. Basal dististyle slender, the apex
produced into two conspicuous acute horns that are directedfrom one another in the form of a broad O. Gonapophyses
with the subterminal fusion that has begun in A. (A.) nox,
Alexander, very extensive, the outer angle or bend produced
into an acute pale spine, the free or mesal apex slender, thetip gently curved.
Hub. New Zealand (South Island).
Holotype, (~, Greymouth, Coal Creek Track, Westland,
February 13, 1923 (T. R. Ilarris).
Amphineurus ( ~lmphineurus) tumidus breviclavus, subsp, n.
Male.--Length about 4"6-4"8 mm.; wing 6 ram.
Female.--Length about 4"8 ram. ; wing 5"8-6 ram.
Generally similar to typical tumidus, Alexander, fromwhich it differs as follows : Lateral margins of prmscutum not darkened.

Pleura less

298

Dr. C. P. Alexander on

extensively infuseated, the dorsal anterior part of the postnotal pleurotergite pale.
Male hypopygium with the
gonapophyses having the stems relatively elongate, theswollen apices eorrespondingiy short and broad, the tips
suddenly narrowed into an acute slender spine, tha apicalmargin of the club with abundant long set~e. In the typicalform the enlarged dub is longer, not much shorter than thebasal stem. Basal dististyle shorter than in tumidus, thebasal half more enlarged, the slender apical portion weakly
toothed and setiferous.
Hub. New Zealand (South Island).
Hole@pc, ~, Paradise, Otago, altitude 1200 feet,
December 30, 1923 (F. S. Oliver).

Allotopotype, ?.
Paratopotypes, 10 d' ~ •" Swept from ferns and other undergrowth in beech forest."

Amphineurus (Amphineurus) opereulalus, sp. n.
General coloration grey; antennm elongate, brownish
black ; wings light grey with a sparse darker pattern; malehypopygium with a conspicuous flattened plate that appears
to represent the ninth tergite; both outer dististyles simple
and untoothed.
~llale.--Length 4"3 ram. ; wing 5"5 ram.
gostrum and palpi black. Antennm elongate, brownish
black throughout, if bent backward extending at least to thebase of the abdomen ; flagellar segments elongate-cylindricalto fusiform, with conspicuous erect white setm. Headdark grey.
Mesonotat prmseutum light grey, the median stripe broad,
pale brown, constricted opposite the pseudosutural fovem;
lateral stripes obsolete or nearly so; pseudosutural fove~eelongat% black~ conspicuous ; remainder o[ mesonotnm black,sparsely pruinose. Halteres obscure yellow. Legs with theeoxm and troehauters obscure yellow, the posterior eoxm alittle darkened ; remainder of legs yellow, covered with darkscales and seta~ in nn-rubbed specimens, the terminal tarsal
segments dark. Wings light grey, the basal region moreyellowish grey, the disk with a pale brown pattern, including
the stigmal area that is confluent with a conspicuous seamalong the cord ; a seam at origin of Rs; outer ends of analcells extensively darkened; veins yellow, brown in theinfuscated areas. Venation: Rs square at origin; R2+aabout equal to the basal deflection of R~+5; cell 1st M2

new or little-known Tipulid~e.

299

elongate-rectangular, gently widened distally, m about onehalf the arcuated outer deflection of ~i3; basal deflectionof Cul at the fork of M.
Abdomen dark brown, the tergites indistinctly variegatedwith paler; basal sternites pale. iV[ale hypop.ygium withthe apices of the basistyles produced caudad into fleshy lobes
of moderate length ; outer dististyles both simple, the basal
one slender, edentate, the outer style broader ; basal dististy]ea pale, slender, slightly curved rod, the tip acute and slightly
darkened. 2Edeagus slender~ straight, blackened. W h a t
appears to be the ninth tergite is a large, flattened, conspicuous plate that extends caudad to the outer dististyles,
the lateral margins thickened.
Hub. New Zealand (South Island).
Holotype, c~, Junction Creek, Glenorchy, Otago, altitude
3000 feet, January 5, 1924~ (F. S. Oliver).

Paratopolype, ~.
'~ Swept from Cassinia scrub."aono,~yia (Lipo~t, lep.,) bispina, sp. n.
Male.--Length about 3"5 mm. ; wing 4"5 mm.
-Very closely allied to G. (L.) niyrohallerata, Edwards,
from which it differs chiefly in the structure of the male
bypopygium. Brown pleural stripes narrowed behind but
connected across tile posterior margin of the postnotal
mediotergite by a narrow line. Male hypopygium asymmetrical as in the group; one dististyle terminates in two
powerful curved spines, the more lateral one longer andlarger at base, the mesal or subapical spine with several
setm in its axil, the extreme mesal end of this styleterminating in a powerful seta. The distal prolongation of
the basistyle of this side is more slender than the one of the
opposite side.
Hub. New Zealand (North Island).
Holotype,~,
Wellington,
December
30,
1923(H. Hamilton).
Gonomyia ( Lipoi~Meps) oliveri, sp. n.
Male.---Length about 3"5 mm. ; wing 4'5-4~'6 ram.
Closely related ~o G. (L.) nigrohalterata, Edwards, fromwhich it differs as follows : ~l~ostrum orange. Vertex infuscated, the centre of thevertex behind with an orange spot. Knobs of the halteres
extensively sulphur-yellow. Wings with Rs about two-thirds
the length of R~+3; inner end of cell l~t M= narrowed but

300

Dr. C. P. Alexander on

not pointed, the basal deflection of M~+~ being preserved.
Abdomen d,dl orange, the sternites brighter-coloured. Male
hypopygium with the dististyles asymmetrical, one terminating in a rather long, gently curved spine that is
gradually narrowed from the base to the acute tip ; apex of
the style obtusely rounded.
Hab. New Zealand (South Island).
Holotype, g', Junction Creek, G]enorchy, Otago, altitude
3000 feet, January 5, 1924~ (F. S. Oliver).
Paratopolypes, 4 c~ c~.
" Swept from Cassinia scrub."This handsome little Gonomyia is named in honour of thecollector, Mr. F. S. Oliver, to whom I am very greatly
indebted for numerous Tipuloidea from the vicinity of Lake
Wakatipu.

•olymoria argus stewarti~e, subsp, n.
Generally similar to the typical argus (Hutton), differing
as follows : - Anterior pronotum dark brown. Anterior margin ofprmscutum narrowly dark brown, the colour continued
around the sclerite ; scutellum dark grey, the centre darkbrown. Dorsal pleural stripe broad, including the base of
the fore coxa, broadening out behind, to include the postnotal pleurotergite. Femora with the subterminal yellow
annulus broader than the postmedial brown ring. Wings
with a pale brown tinge, producing a much darker groundcolour than in the typical form; oeelliform markings
virtually all marginal, the spots at m and the fork of MI+~small to subobsolete, in any case not conspicuously ocelliform. Male hypopygium with the outer dististyle bent
almost at a right angle at tip, the terminal horn directed
mesad, acute, at its base with the style produced caudad intoa small, apical, setiferous tubercle. Inner dististyle relatively
short, only a little longer than the outer, the apical half
flattened and glalSrous.
Hub. New Zealand (Stewart Island).
Hulotype, ~, Half-moon Bay, altitude i00 feet, November
17, 1923 (N. 3". Jensen).
Paratopotypes, 2 g g , December 14, 1923.
The relationships of the above fly to typical argus are notquite certain, and it may very possibly prove to be a valid
species.

~ew or llttIe-known Tipulid~e.

301

Zelandomyia pallidula, sp. n.
Male.--Length about 4 ram. ; wing 4"5-4"7 ram.
Female.--Length about 5 ram. ; wing 5"5 ram.
Generally similar to Z. ruapehuensis (.Alexander).
Size smaller. Mesonotmn uniformly pale yellow with ascarcely apparent brown tinge; pleura concolorous, thesternopleurite somewhat infuscated. Wings pale yellow,
the veins pate brown. Venation : Sea ending before the forkof Rs ; R~+~ longer than the basal deflection of R4+5 ; r indistinct; cell 5/1 small, not exceeding one-half its petiole;cell 1st 3J[~small, the basal deflection of Cul a short distancebeyond the fork. Abdomen with the segm~mts uniformly
coloured, brownish testaceous, the basal sternites moreyellowish.
Male hypopygium with the outer dististyle
relatively short and stout, the apex darkened and rather
obtuse ; setifcrous tubercles on face of style near mid-length
more numerous than in ruapehuensis (about six).
Hab. New Zealand (South Island).
Holotype, c~, Greymouth, Coal Creek Track, February 13,
1923 (T. R. Harris).
dllotype, ?, Ross, Westland, February 23, 1923 (T. R.

Harris).
Paratypes, c~, Ross, February 21, 1923 ; g' ? , Rewanui,
Paparoa Range, altitude 600-800 feet, February 15, 1923

(T. R. Harris).
Ischnothrix confluenta, sp. n.
General coloration fnlvous yellow, the abdomen dark;wings light yellow ; cell 1st M2 open by the atrophy of theouter deflection ot~vein M3, cell 2nd Ms being a little shorter
than its petiole.
Female.--Length about 8 ram.; wing 8'2 ram.
Rostrum and palpi dark brown. Antennm with the scapal
segments £ulvous, the flageUum dark brown. Head fidvons
brown.
Mesonotum shiny fulvous yellow with vague darker
markings, especially on the postnotum. Pleura brownish
testaceous, paler ventrally. Halteres pale yellow. Legs
with the cox~e and trochanters yellowish testaceous ; remainder of the legs yellow, tile terminal tarsal segments infuscated.
Wings with a strong light yellow tinge, the veins beyond thecord pale yellowish bro~vn, the veins basad of the cord yellow.
Venation: R~ perpendicular to the end of lt2+3, pale and302

Dr. C. P. AIexander on

entirely without macrotriehim, the distance on costa between
it and the tip of R i a little more than one-half its length ;cell 1st JJl=open by the atrophy of the outer deflection of Ma ;cell 2nd M2 subequal to or a little shorter than its petiole ;basal deflection of Cut a short distance beyond the fork of 21//.
Abdomen dark brown, the caudal margins of the segments
narrowly pale, the subterminal segments nearly black.
Ovipositor with the elongate tergal valves slender, straight,
the tips gently upeurved.
Hab. New Zealand (North Island).
Holotype, ? , Wainui State Forest, Wellington, October
2l, 1923 (J. G. Myers).
Ischnothrix confluenta is readily told by the open cell 1st
Ms, in conjunction with the short cell 2nd M> The other
New Zealand species of the genus often have the outer deflection of Ma very weak to subobsolete, but if this vein was
entirely atrophied cell 2nd M2 would be very deep, at least
three to five times as long as its petiole.

Gynoplistia aculeata, sp. n.
Allied to G. submaculata, Walker ; wing-pattern heavy :outer dististyle of male hypopygium with a conspicuous
dilation on mesal face at base.
Male.--Length about 10 ram. ; wing 11'5 ram.
Rostrum grey-pruinose, the palpi brow~Ssh black. Antennm 17-segmented, the formula being 2 + 3 + 8 + 4 ,thelongest branch being about four times the length of thesegment; scapal segments dark brown, paler beneath;two basal segments of flagellum pale at base and apex,
the remainder of the organ black. Head dark grey, thevertex at its narrowest point infuscated.
Pronotnm dark, pruinose, the lateral ends of tile posterior
pronotmn brighter. Mesonotal prmscutum dark brown withthree faintly indicated dark grey stripes, the median one
indistinctly bisected ; pseudosutural fovem very large, shiny
black; scutum gre~, the lobes d a r k ; scutellum and postnotum light grey-pruinos% the latter with a delicately elevatedmedian line. Pleura light grey-pruinose. Haltcres obscureyellow, the knobs infuscated. Legs with the coxm yellow,
the outer faces light grey-pruinose; trochanters obscureyellow; femora dark brown, their bases broadly yellowish,
each femur with a conspicuous yellow ring more than its
length from the tip, the dark apex a little paler near thearticulation ; tibiae brown, the tips dark brown ; tarsi black.
Wings subhyaline, the base and costal region yellowish; anew or little-known Tipulid~e.

303

heavy brown pattern, distributed as follows: stigma oval,
dark brown ; a circular brown spot at origin of Rs ; a broad
brown seam along the cord, completely traversing the wing ;outer end of cell 1st M~ more narrowly seamed; wing-tip
broadly infuscated; veins M and Cu and the veins issuingfrom cell 1st M2 seamed with brown ; a conspicuous brown
seam along vein 1st A, on the basal two-thirds lying in cellCu, on the outer third lying in cell 1st A; veins yellow, alittle darker in the infuscated areas.
Venation: SCl
ending opposite the fork of Rs, Sc2 longer than Scl;Rs long, angulated and weakly spurred at origin; Re+3
longer than the basal deflection of Cuj ; cell M1 about onehalf longer than its petiole; basal deflection of C u 1 n e a r
two-thirds the length of the cell.
Abdomen brown, the dorsal median area broadly darkgrey ; sternites dark brown, their bases a little paler. Male
hypopygium with the ninth tergite densely setiferous, terminating in a long acu]eate median process; hypopygium
relatively large, reddish ; basistyles relatively stout, the mesal
face of each near apex with a conspicuous flattened lobe thatis clothed with long yeilow setae ; opposite side of basistylewith another low setiferous tubercle ; no chitinized interbasal
process. Outer dististyle depressed-flattened at apex, onouter face at base of depressed area with a long, slender,
acute spine ; base of style on mesal face dilated into a conspicuous flattend spinous lobe. Inner dististyle slender.
_~deagus relatively stout, the apex subtended on eitherside by a small flattened blade. No evident chitinizedgonapophyses.
Hab. New Zealand (South Island).
Holotype, c~, Paradise, Otago, altitude 1200 feet, December
30, 1923 (F. S. Oliver).

Gynoplisl[a dilatata, sp. n.
General coloration shiny coal-black, including the head ;wings faintly tinged with brown, with a nearly complete,darker brown fascia at tile origin of Rs ; male hypopygiumwith the gonopophyses sublyriform, the tips of each expanded
into irregular blades.
Male.--Length about 5 ram. ; wing 6 ram.
l~ostrum dull black, the palpi brownish black. Antennae
broken beyond the scape, the latter black. Head shiny coalblack.
Pronotum and mesonotum shiny coal-black, the medianarea of the seutum and the scutellum (lusted with

30~

Dr. C. P. Alexander ongrey. Pleura shiny coal-black, tile dorso-pleural region
duller ; pteropleurite, hypoepimeron, meron, and metapleuralkatepisternum with a dense silvery pubescence. Halteres
obscure yellow, the knobs dark brown. Legs with the eoxm
dark brown, sparsely prninose, the fore coxae a little
darker ; trochanters obscure brownish yellow; only one
leg (posterior) remains; femora brownish yellow, the tips
rather broadly and conspicuously blackened ; tibim brown,
the tips narrowly blackened; tarsi broken. Wings witha faint brown tinge; costal region a very little darker;
dark brown markings, distributed as follows: a barelyinterrupted band at the level of the origin of Re, including
large areas at origin of Rs, in cell M, and in cell 1st A ;stigma large, oval, confluent wieh a large area on the anteriorcord, chiefly in the base of cell Ra; remainder of cord andouter end of cell 1st M2 narrowly seamed with brown ; veinsdark brown. Venation: Sc2 longer than Scl, extending tojust beyond the edge of Rs; r and tip of Rx subobsolete;
Rs angulated and spurred at origin; R2 sinuous; cell M1
shorter than its petiole ; basal deflection of Ca1 beyond midlength of cell 1st M~.
Abdomen black, the centres of the sternites somewhat
paler.
Male hypopygium with the basistyles stout, themesal face produced into various lobes, the longest a flattened
finger-like lobe directed mesad and slightly cephalad ; apexof style produced eaudad and mesad into a conspicuous lobeof peculiar shape, the apex truncate, the surface with a few
long setm. Outer dististyle a little longer, the apical fourLhsuddenly narrowed and gently curved; inner style verybroadly dilated at base, near mid-length suddmdy narrowed,
very gradually and evenly expanded into a flattened obtuse
blade, tile surface with a few large and many smaller setm.
Gonapophyses taken together appearing sublyriform, tim
apex of each expanded into an irregular blade. _/Edeagus
small.
Hab. New Zealand (Stewart Island).
H;,lolype, ~ , H'alf-moon Bay, altitude 110 feet, November
20, 1928 (N. J. orensen).
MAe~o~txs~Ix, Osten-Saeken.
The extensive genus Macromastix is almost, if not quite,
Antipodal in its distribution and reaches its maximum of
species in New Zealand, to the virtual exclusion of other
Tipuline genera. In this complex of species there occurs
three groups of forms that are so distinct from other members

new or little-known Tipulidae.

305

of the genus that their characters seem to warrant theerection of new subgeaeric groups to include them. These
new groups, which are proposed herewith, itlclude all thefamiliar orange and black and the green Tipulid~e so characteristie of the New Zealand fauna.
AURGTIPULA,subgen, nov.
Characters as in the typical subgenus. Antenum short inboth sexes, 12-segmented in the tenera group, 13-segmented
in the other species. Wings with Rs nearly straight, elo~gate,
fully one-half longer than R2+3, shortest in the/enera group ;r present, except in M. aperla; cell M1 always present.
Ovipositor with the valves short and fleshy. Coloration
orange or orange-yellow, variegated with black.
Type of subgenus, Macromaslix flavoscapus, Alexander(Maorian Subregion).
This group of orange and black Macromastix is confined
to New Zealand, where it includes the followiug additional
species: M. aperta, Edwards, M. atroflava, Alexander, M.
auroatra, Edwards, M. brevitarsis, Edwards, M. bivitlata,
Edwards, M. clara (Kirby), M. dux (Kirby), M. ferruginosa,
Edwards, and the variety ruapehuensis, Alexander, M. occlusa,
Edwards, M. orion (Hudson), M. sublenera, Alexander, andM. tenera (Hutton).
CHLOI:tOTIPULA~subsen, nov.
Characters as in the typical subgenus. Antennae short inboth sexes, ]3-segmented. Wings with Rs subequal to or
shorter than R2+~ ; R3 fully three to four times R~ aloL~eandextended strongly towards the wing-apex, so ceil R2 at wingmargin is much wider than cell R3. Ovipositor with thevalves slender and pointed but not heavily chitinized, tim
surface clothed with delicate erect setm. Coleratio~l green,
except in M. elongata.
Type of the subgenus, Macromasli~v viridis (Walker)(Maorian Subregion).
This group of green Macromasti~v is confined to New
Zealand, where it includes the following additional species :~1. albistigma, Edwards, M. ho[ochlora (Nowicki) and thevariety antTuslior , Alexander, and M. virescens, Edwards.
Despite its lack of green colour, M. elongata~ Edwards, isalmost certainly a member of this group. On the other hand,the small species of Macromastix showing green body tints(M. campbelli, Alexander, M. pallidisti.qma, Alexander, ancl
M. tapleyi, Alexander) are better referred to the typicalsubgenus.
A~n. & May. N. Hist. Ser. 9. Vol. xiv.
20

306

Lord Rothschild on some~[AORITIPULA~subgen, nov.
Characters as in the typical subgenus. Antennm shor~in both sexes, 12-segmented. Wings with Rs elongate, fully
twice/~+3, arcuated at origin ; a conspicuous spur near midlength of vein M, jutting caudad and distad into cell M.
Type of the subgenus, 2}Iacromaslix maori, Alexander(Maorian Subregion).
The species described as Tipula nebulosa, Hudson (1920),
likewise belongs here. Unfortnnately the name is homonymous with Tipula nebulosa, Bellardi (1859), and is here
renamed Macromaslix ( Maorilipula) hudsoni, new name.

XXXV.--Some new or noteworthy ]ladagascar a,~d African
IIeteroeera. By Lord ROTI-ISCItILD3 F.R.S.
Amatidm.

(1) Thyrosticta octopunctata, sp. n.
? . Antennm black; frons-orange ; vertex brown; collnr
and front edge of patagia orange, rest of patagia and tegulm
chocolate-brown, thorax orange; abdomen orange-brown.
Fore wing ehoco]ate-brown, base of costal area orange ; abuff spot on vein 1 below cell, a creamy-white spot in cell,and a similar one on veins 3 and 7. I-Iind wing orange withblack margin.
similar to ~, but smaller and only basal } of hind wingorange, the rest of hind wing being thickly clothed withbuffish-grey androeonial scales.
Length of fore wing, d' 8~ 9 11 ram.; expanse, c~ 18,? 24 mm.
Hab. I c~, i ? , Diego Suarez, Feb. 1917 ((]. l]/[elou).
? type.

(2) T]zyrostlcta ob[igui2ouncta , ~p. n.
c~. Antennm black; frons dull orange-yellow, rest of head
and thorax dark browfi; abdomen dull orange.
Fore wing dark brown, with a large white spot in cell andone obliquely below it on vein 2. Hind wing dull orangeyellow, with black margin broader than in preceding species.
similar to d', but has extra white spot on vein 6 andoccasionally also on vein 1.