7L4
Reprinted from ANNals oF THE ENroyO-oGICALSoctrrv or AMsnrcl
V o l .4 6 , No. 4, Decem ber 1953

NEW SPECIES OF CRANE-FLIESFROM
SOUTH AMERICA. PART XVl(Diptera: Tipulidae)
CHARLES P. ALEXANDER
Amherst, Massachusetts

a seriesof Tipuline crane-flies
paper I am d.iscussing
11 the preselt^tothe g".r.t" Brachypreil,na, Phacelodlcera, Holorusia,
belongingOzod,i"ceri,and Loigurio, all beionging to the so-called,frimitiveln tropical^America. The types
iip,rtin"", unusuall/ well d.eveloped.r" pr"rerved in my personalcollection of these flies.
Genus BrachYPremnaOsten Sackerr
BrachlryrenrnathYestessP. I1.
I\{esonotumalmost uniformly polishedbrown, the pleura variegatedwith obscure yellow and bro*tr; i"gs d.ark brown. the extreme tips.ofthe tibiae whitened.,the tarsi paliig to brownish yellow; wings.witha strong browrrish suffusion: tiigtnu oval, dark brown, preceded andfollowed b,v conspicuous whitened areas; cell 2nd A very narrow;
abd.omend-ark b.o.,on,the basesot' the tergites narrowly paler, of theblack; inner dististyle atsternites more extensivell' so, h-v-pop1'gium
at apex narrowed into"p"* "*panded into a yeliou, blade; nniet st-v*lea subacutepoint.
Mole.-Length, about 9.;-10 mm.; witrg, 12';-13 mm'
Female.-Length,about l0 mm.; wing, 13 mm'
Frontal p-loigation of head yellow-,palpi black. Antennae darkbrown; flagellar sEgmentstending to be-comeconfluent, the- slenderterminal se"gment#ith several e16ngate.setae. Head with the front
an6 anterioi vertex whitened, the posterior parts dark.brown.
Pronotu- ob..rrre ye|low. Mesonotum almost uniformly polishedbrown, the pralr"rri.r*"without distinct stripes. Pleura chiefly obscureylf f"*, the port"tiot part of the anepislernum and sternopleurite
more darkenJd to pro.lrr." a nalTow transverse .girdle, the gnlerior
part of the mesopleuraand the pteropleurite remaining q".1"' . Halteres*ltfr the fore'and. posterior coxae weakly darkened,infuscated. t#
th. middle paii yellow; trochanters yellow; _remainder of teg-l dark
bro*n, the extr"-" tibial bases vaguely whitened; t-?tti paling to--a"rtv"rio*. wings with a sting- brownishsuffusion;stigmaui"*"irr,
brt*tr, "otipicuous; extenslvewhitenedprestigmalando""f ,
pori.tigmal areas; very vague to -scarcelyevident darker clouds overd,arkbrown, R,+, arrd the tips of veins
the anterior cord and.m-cA;-r,einsrContribution from the Department of Entomology, University of Massa-

chusetts.
Ento'
The precedingpart under this general titlc was published in the Ann.
Soc. Amer., 452ll9-135,19F,.2.
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Annals EntomologicalSocietyof Amerl'ca[\-o1.46

Mr, M, and ME pale. \'enation: ,Rsrelatively short, squareat origin;cell -/sl M2 longer than the distal section of vein Mr; cell 2nd 'l \-er]'narrow, especiallyat outer end.
Abdomen dark brown, the base of the second tergite broadll-. ofthe succeedingones more narrowly obscurebrownish 1'e!1os'.thc otttcr
tergites, including the hypopygium, more uniformll' blackcried: outersternites brownish yellow, the posterior borders narrorvlv darkened.
without longitudinailines, as oommonin the genus. Male it1'pop1'giurn(Fig. 1) with the tergite, 91,,transverse,narrowedoutwardll-,the lobes
low and obtuse, glabrous,separatedby a rounded notch havirrg ttearlr'
the same outline. Outer distist,vle,d, darkenedon basal hali. thettcc
more expandedinto a flattened yellow blade, the tip truncate. thc lorverouter angle a little produced; no spur or point on outer margirt ltcar
base,as common in the genus;lower style distinctive, more than oliehalf the length of the upper one, narrowed at apex into a subacutepoint.
Habitat.-Peru. Holotype,d, Chanchamayo,Junin, altitude 1100
meters, February 12, 1949 (Jos6 M. Schunke). Paratopotype,& ,altitude 1200meters,April 18, 1949.
In its generalappearance,the presentfly is most like Brachyfremna
arcuario Alexander and B. illudens Alexander, differing conspicuously
in the pattern of the body and legs, and in the stntcture of the malehypopygium, especiallythe tergite and dististyles.
GenusPhacelodoceraEnderlein
Pbacelodoceraflabellifera (Loew)
pl.2, figs.l-3 (rtralc,.
Loew,1851,LinnaeaEnt.,5:391-393,
Ptil,ogynoflabell,ifero
The present specieshas always beer-rone of thc rarest of trll \cotropical Tipulidae. The unique male t)-pc was t'ollet'tecl in iln
unspecified part of. Brazil b1' Beske (C. F. C. Bcskc. tltt' frtthcr. r'ollected in the vicinity of Rio de Janeiro beforc' l,\:J2: Crtrl I lcirrri<'hBeske,his son, collected inBrazil in 1fi3-t-;1,-r).Thc ortll- other sltct'intcrr
known to me is the female describedhercrvith as tltc allotl-pc of thc
species.
Female.-Length, about 39 nlnr.; wing, 2S x ,\..-)tnln.: :rtttctttut.
about 7 mm.
C h a r a c t e r sa s i r r t h e n t a l e , d i f f e r i n g c s p c t ' i i r l l vi r r t l t t ' s t n t t ' t t t r t ' o f
the antennae and in details of venation. Atttcnttitc (Fig 2) l{-scgmented; scape,pediccl arrd the simplc four termiturl scgtlc:tts lrros'n.
the remaining segmentserndbranchesblack: first fla.qclllrrst'gtttcttts'itlt
a single branch that is about as long as the segntettt;seglnclttstrvo toeight, inclusive, each with trvo long brancltcs, thc lorrgest (about
flagellar segments six or seven) approximatelr'3.; times the lengthof the segment: branches slightly unequal, this condition more accentuated on the more proximal segments; on flagellar segment two beforc
the tip with a fingerlike lobe that is a little more than one-fifth thesegment, ofl the remaining branched segments excepting the last thismuch smaller and becoming progressively reduced in size, finally beconring very small to subobsolete; outer four segments simple, more or lessknobby in appearance and showirrg signs of deformation; all brarrc'ht's

Pr,lrB I

SouthAmericanTipulidae, XVCharlesP. Alexanderf'Flc. 1. Brachypremnathyestessp. q; male_lrVnopySium. Ftc. 2. Phacelo(Loew);
doceii fl,obeltifera(Loey); antenna, d. Frc. 3. Phacelodocera.flabellifera
Fic. 4.- Holor:usia(Holorusia) tuberculifera sp. n.; mqle hypopvgium.
""""iio".
pic. S. Ozod,icera(Ozodicera)eurystylasp.n.; male hypopygium. .lto. 6. .Longurio(Li"i"rio) sessorissp. n., male hyp_opyqtT. FIc.. 7. _Longu.ri.o(Longlt'rio)hu'anusp. n.;iintilt sp. n.; male tiypopysig-. Frc. 8. Longurio.(Longurio) per.glabratapic.
hypopygium.
(Lonprio)n.;malesp.
rabelloiLongurio
9.*"i" frypopygium.
Explanation of symbols: a, aedeagus;b, basistyle; d, dististyle; id, innerdististyle: od, outer dististylei P, phallosome;/, tergite'

601

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with long sparsesetae. Anterior vertex behind the eyes elevated intoa slender knob; anterior vertex at its narrowest point less than twice
the greatest diameter of the scape; ommatidia of eyes very small andnumerous. Wings (Fig. 3) broader than figured by Loew; petioleof cell Mt even shorter, less than twice r-m': m-cu at fork of M311,inalignment with the unusually long m which likewise joins at the forkof Mt+n. Ovipositor with the cerci long and very slender, straight;
hypovalvae much shorter, more compressed-flattened.
Allotype, 9, Campo Bello, Rio de Janeiro,Braz1|,March l(i. l{}+(i(Jos6 Francisco Zikan) .
Genus Holorusia Loew
Holorusia (Holorusia) celestissima sp. n.
Size large (wing, female, 28 mm.); praescutum dark browtt, thc
four stripes barely indicated, more reddish brown; dorsal region ofthoracic pleura yellow, the central portion dark brown, the ventral
pleurites yellowed; knobs of halteres light yellow; femora brown, thetips rather narrowly blackened; wings strikingly patterned with lightand dark brown, yellow and whitish yellow, including a seriesof aboutnine small yellow spots in a darkened seam in cell M adjoining vein
Cu: abdominal sternites obscure yellow, each with three pale browttspots.
Female.-Length, about 24 mm.; wing, 2f:i mm.; antenna, about
4.2mm.
Frontal prolongation of head above obscure yellow, the vetrtral
half infuscated,more intenselyso along the sides;palpi black. Atttettttac
with the scapeyellow, pedicel more greenish,flagellum brownish black,tinged with green; segments cylindrical, decreasing in lcngth anddiameter outwardly. Head above pale, ]'ellow pollinose. irrfuscatedbehind the eyes.
Pronotal scutellum and mesonotumdark brown mediallv, the four
praescutal stripes vaguely indicated, more reddish brown; scutellum
conspicuously yellowish gray basally on either side of a canillary
median vitta; mediotergite gray pruinose, with a narrow central blackline that is bordered on either side by a light gray area, the posteriorborder obscure yellow. Pleura with the central portion dark brown,with a broad pale yellow-dorsalstripe extending frgm the dorsal cervicalregion, acrossthe dorsopleuralregion to the wing base;ventral pleurites
yellow, vaguely marked with brown; darkened central portion of pleura
includes the ventral cervical region, anepisternum and part of thepteropleurite. Halteres with stem dusky, knob conspicuously lightyellow. Legs with the coxae yellow, patterned with brown. more
extensive and basal in position on the fore coxae, at near midlength
on the rema.iningcoxae; trochanters yellow; femora narrowlv obscureyellow basally, passinginto brown, the tips rather narrowly blackened,
least conspicuouslyso on the hind legs;tibiae dark brown, very restrictedly brightened at base, the tip narrowly blackened, the hind tibiae
paler; tarsi black; claws (female) simple. Wings strikingly patterned,
brown, variegated with darker brown, light yellow and whitish yellow;
costal region, especially cell Sc, brighter brown; the darkest areas

I e53lAl,exander: South American Tipulidae, XV.

603

include the prearcular field, a postarcular darkening, an intense s_potat origin of Rs, stigma, and narrow seamsover cord and outer end ofcell l"st Mr: a broad brown seam in cell M adjoining veirt Cu, thisinterrupted by about nine yellow spots, the outer ones.larger; .conspicuous yellowish white areas at ar-culusand as a prestigmql brightenlng; velns brown. more brightened in the lighter areas, includingCu"and. /nfl A . \,'enation: Cell Rs only moderately constrieted;petiole of cell Mt and ze subequai; m-cu,just before the fork of Msqa,
about three-fifths as long as the distal sectionof Cur.
Abdominal tergites redrlish browrr, darker sublateralll', the extreme
lateral margins yillow, narrowest on the' ottter segments: sternites
brownish yJllo*.- each with three irale browtr spots, the central one
larger.
"Habi,tal.-Peru. H olotype, I , Chirlchao, Huanuco, altitttde 2500
meters, September25, 1917 (Felix Wovtkowski).
This unusually striking species of H olorusia needs little comparison with other large members of the genus. It appeals !9 comeblosest to H olorusia \H otorusia) lutehena Alexander and H . (H -)uniatra Alexander, yet is entirely distinct in the diagnostic featureslisted above.
Holorusia (Holorusia) tuberculifera sp. n.
Size medium (wing, male, 18 mm.); antennaeyellow; praescutum
dark brown with io,ri*ore reddish stripes; thoracic pleura variegatedbrown and yellow, the dorsopleuralregion broadly ligh-t yellow; femora
obscure brownish yellow, the tips narrorvly blackened; wings obscureyellow, patternea ivittr brown, including a mqjor. postarcular area but*ittt tro spot at midlength of cell M : abdominal segmentf. V.ellow
basally, passinginto brorvn; male hypopygium .ryith-the outer dististyle
dilated and obl,useat apex; inner dististltle with the apex obtuse, theouter margin produced into a tubercle.
Male.-Length, about 16 mm.; wing, 18 mm.
Frontal protngation of head yellowish brown above, blackened onventral haffj nasus unusually long and slender, subequal in length tothe scape. Antennae obscure ye-llow, only -the last segment a- trifle
d.arker;'flagellar segmentscylindrical. Head brown; vertical tubercle
lacking; an"terior vErtex about three and one-half times the diameterof the scape.
Pronotum d,ark brown medially, paling to yellow on the sides.
Mesonotum with the ground dark brown oi brownish black, with fourtJairtt siripes, the po"steriorinterspaces more buffy. g\ay; scutal.lobes
each with t*o reddish brown areas that are encircled with darker
brown; median region of scutum obscure yellow., extended laterad at
the suture; scutellim brown, d.arkermedially and on sides at base, thecentral portion yellow pollinose basally; mediotergite gray pruinose,
the central p"rf with ; d,arkened vitia, the sides more extensively
darkened.onih" posterior half ;posterior fourth of mediotergite.obscureon caudal half , pa-lingto yellow in.front.
y"tto*, pleuroteriit" d.arkened.
itl"rrr"'*ittt the frropleura, anepisternum,cephalic part of -pteropleurite
and dorsal sternbpleurite dark-brown, the remainder of pleu5a^obscureV"t6r"; clorsopleuialregion broadlv light yellow. Halteres infuscated,

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Annals Entomological Society of Arnerica[Vol . 46

apex of knob yellow. Legs with the fore and middle coxae infuscated,
the posterior coxaeand all trochanters yellow; femora obscurebrownish
yellow, the tips narrowly brownish black; tibiae brownish black, tarsi
paling to brown, the outer segmentsbrownish black;each claw with two
separatedteeth. Wings with the ground color obscureyellow, the costal
field clearer yellow; a relatively restricted brown pattern, as follows:
postarculararea in basesof cells R and M : a somewhatsmaller quadratearea at origin of Rs.' no darkening in cell M : cord and outer end of celll st Mr s€s.medwith brown; paler brown washes in outer radial field,
most of cell lst Mz and as vague seams to the veins; both anal cells
weakly darkened, variegated with ground areas, including a major
triangle in cell l st .1 near vein 2nd ^4.'veins brown, somewh-t brighterin the paler areas. \'enation: Rs about two and one-half times m-cu:
vein Ra only moderately arcuated, the cell only slightly constricted;
petiole of cell Mr slightly more than one and one-half times nL: m-ctc
at fork of M:t+n.
Abdominal tergites with the basesobscureyellow, the color rnerging
behind into the dark brown posterior borders; lateral margins at 6ase
conspicuouslyyellow; sternites less evidently bicolored, yellow basally,
pale brown behind; hypopygium yellow. Male hypopygium (Fig. 4)
with the ninth tergite, 9t, bilobed, the median notch broader thaneither lobe; vestiture of lobes consisting of black setae, those nearer
apex stouter, the basal ones long and slender. Outer dististyle, d,dilated and obtuse at apex; inner style a trifle longer.the apex or headobtuse, on outer margin at base of head with a small but conspicuous
tubercle; blackenedspiculesarranged in three groups, the one on thehead more extensive. Phallosome,p, with two triangular massesthatterminate in a small acute point, each with three or four long setae.
H abitat.-Peru. H olotype, d , Tarapoto, San Mart in, alt it udc
Fj30meters, March 10, 1917(Felix Woytkowski).
Holorusia (Holorusia) tuberculi-ferais quite distinct from the othcr
regional members of the genus. ln its wirtg pattent, includiltg t\rc lackof a darkened area at midlength of cell M , it agreeswith thc otherwisc
quite distinct I/. (H.) peru,z,iarca
Alexander.
GenusOzodiceraMacquart
Ozodicera (Dihexaclonus)biaculeata sp. n.
General coloration of thoracic notum opaque obscure yellow, thc
praescutum with four more reddish stripes; branches of flagellar segments unequal, the longest a little exceedingthe segmentsin length;
wings with a strong yellowish brown suffusion, a small brown cloudover the anterior cord; male hypopygium with the tergal lobeslong andnarrow, subacute at tips; apex of basistyle produced into two acutespines;inner dististyle generally simple, strongly curved at midlength,with low outer flanges;phallosomeconsistingof a pair of strong curved
darkenedrods, the tips obtuse,each with a small slenderapophysis.
Male.-Length. about 28 mm. ; wing, 21.5 mm. ; antenna, about
7.i>mm.
Frorrtal prolongation of hcad rccldish brown ; nasus stout ; palpi
black. Antennac (male) relatively long; scape and pedicel brown ;1e531 Alexander: SouthAmerican Tipulidae,XV.

605

branched flagellar segments,including the branches,yellow, the simple
outer segments darker; branches of flagellar segments two to seven,
inclusive, relatively short, the longest a trifle exceedingthe segment,
the shorter one only about one-third to one-half as long, borne on theface of the longer branch, on segment two very short and more nearly
apical in position, oD the following segments longer and more basal
in position. Head reddish brown, more or less yellow pollinose.
Mesonotum opaque, obscureyellow, the praescutum with four more
reddish brown stripes; scutal lobeswith reddish brown centers;scutellum
and postnotum more heavily yellow pollinose. Pleura chiefly yellowish
gray, the dorsopleural region more infuscated. Halteres dark brown.
Legs with the coxae gray pruinose; trochanters reddish yellow; femora
and tibiae reddish brown, the tips narrowly more infuscated; tarsi
brownish black to black. Wings with a strong yellowish brown suffusion, the centers of cells lst Mz and M* together with comparable
areas in outer end of cell M and in anal cells much paler; stigma oval,
pale brown, scarcely differentiated from the ground; a small but conspicuous brown cloud over the anterior cord; prearcular field likewisedarker brown; veins reddish brown, darker in the more infuscatedareas. \'enation: Cell M r broadly sessile.
Abdomen elongate, reddish brown, the lateral tergal borders moredarkened. hypopygium concolorous. Male hypopygium with thelobes of the tergite unusually long and slender, subacute at tips, thenotch separating them wider than either lobe; surface of tergite,
including the lobesbut not the extreme cephalicborder, with abundantsetae. Basistyle at apex produced into two spines or slender blades,
subequal in length, both acutelv pointed, in the notch between thespines with two small denticles. Outer dististyle a broadly flattened
blade, the width at near midlength about three-fourths to four-fifths
the length; inner style generally simple, strongly curved at midlengthand thence narrowed to the slender apex; on face of style back fromtip with a long low crest, on opposite face with a slightly higher, moreroughened small triangular flange. Phallosomeconsisting of a pair ofstrong curved darkened rods, at apex a little expanded,obtuse; at baseof each rod with a shorter, very slender projection.
H abi.tat.-Peru. Holotype, & , Satipo, Junin, March, 1945 (P.
Paprzycki).
The only approximately similar described regional species is
Ozodicero(Dihexaclonus)spilophaeaAlexander, which has the apexof the basistyle of the male hypopygium unarmed.
Ozodicen (Ozodicera) eliana sp. n.
Size small (wing, female, 13 mm.); mesonotum chiefly medium
brown, the pleura yellow; flagellar serrations very small and inconspicuous, the longest on the second flagellar segment. a little shorter
than the segment; wings handsomelv patterned with light and darkbrown and whitish subhyaline; abdominal tergites obscure yellow,
conspicuously trivittate with dark brown, sternites more reddish
brown.
Female.-Length, about 17 mm. ; wing, 13 mm.; antenna, about
2..3mm.

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Frontal prolongation of head dark brown; nasus short and stout;
mouthparts and palpi dark brown. Antennae with scapedark brown,
pedicel obscure brownish yellow, flagellum brownish black, the extreme
bases of the more proxinral segments vaguely brightened; a single
very short serration on flagellar segmentstwo to seven, shorter on theouter two or three segments,the longest branch on second segment,a trifle shorter than the segment itself ; antennae 15- or 16-segmented,
there being six or seven simple outer segments;exact number of segments somewhat questionable due to the partial fusion of some ofthese. Head dark gray, the anterior orbits slightly clearer gray;anterior vertex about twice the diameter of the scape.
Pronotal scutum brownish black, its posterior border and thescutellum more testaceousyellow. Mesonotal praescutum with three
medium brown stripes that virtually co\rer the disk, the anterior interspace and a comparable median dash on !h" cephalic third more
blackened; humeral region and posterior interspaces more yellow
pollinose; scutal lobes and scutellum similarly medigm brown ; central
portion of mediotergite more pruinose, especiallybehind; pleurotergite
ind dorsal part of pteropleurite dark brown, sparsely pruinose.
Remainder ol pleura, including the dorsopleural region, yellow, theventral sternopleurite more reddened. Halteres with stem pa19brown,
the knob whifened, the base slightly darkened. Legs with the coxae
gray, a little darkened apically; trochanters yellow: femora obscureyellow basally, passing into brown, the tips_conspicuouslyblackened;
iibiae brown, the tipi more narrowly blackened; tarsi passing into
black. Wings handsbmely patterned with light and dark hrown andwhitish subhyaline, the latter areas occurring as an irregular mark on
basat half, b-eginningin cell R before the origin of Rs, crossing theouter two-thirds of cell M : more than the basal half of cell Cu whitened,interrupted by a dark outer spot; a further white subbasalarea in celll st A; beyond the cord a conspicuoussubterminal curved white band
involving the bases of the outer medial cells, reaching the border or
virtualliro in cells ftr and Mi a third white area in celt lst Mt andbasesoi cells Rr and Rr; stigma light yellow; the darker brown marks
lie chiefly basad of the cord, appearing as broad seamsto certain of theveins, th-emost extensivealong vein Cu in cell M.'veins brown. \'enation: Rs nearly twice m-cu: cell Mr btoadly sessile.
Abdominai tergites obscure yellow, conspicuously trivittate withdark brown, the literal borders broadly of this color, the continuous
median stripe slightly narrower; basal rings between the stripesclearer
yellow; steinites moie reddish brown; terminal-segmentsdark brown,
lhe g".tital shield more polished; cerci very slender,almost straight.
Flabitat.-southeastern Brazil. Holotltpe, 9. Boracea, S5o Paulo,
altitude 900 meters. August 9, L917 (TravassosFilho and Rabello).
This beautiful crane-fly is named for Miss Eliana Travassos,young
d.aughterof Lauro and Betty Travassos,to w_homI eTpressmy deep
thaiks for many Tipulidae fiom southeasternBrazll. The fly requires
no comparison with any of the now numerous known species._It is
most similar to Ozodiceia(Ozodicera)stri,atipennisAlexander. of \renezuela,but the resemblanceis not partieularly elose.

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Alexander: SouthAmerican Tipulidae, XV.

607

Ozodicera (Ozodicera) eurystyla sp. n.
Mesonotum reddish brown, the praescutum with four slightly
darker brown stripes; flagellar segments each with a short stout branchthat is slightly shorter than the segment; wings dark fulvous brown,
the prearcular and costal fields more yellowed; male hypopygiumwith the caudal margin of the tergite four-lobed; outer dististyle large
and flattened, widened outwardly, the apex broadly obtuse, the upper
margin near apex further produced into a lobe.
Male.-Length, about 17 mm.; wing, 13.5 mm.; antenna, about
4 mm.
Female.-Length, about 2l mm.; wing, L7 mm.; antenna, about
5 mm.
Frontat prolongation of head brown; nasus short ; palpi brownish
black. Antennae with scape and pedicel obscure yellow, flagellum
yellowish brown to brown, branches black; antennae of female longer
than that of male, especially the terminal simple segments;flagellar
segmentstwo to seven,inclusive, each with a short stout branch, a little
shorter than the segment,that of segmenttwo shortest;outer segments
elongate-cylindrical, simple. Head brown; anterior vertex narrow, alittle more than one-half the diameter of the scape in the male, a trifle
broader in the female.
Pronotum and mesonotum reddish brown, the four praescutal
stripes a trifle darker brown; posterior sclerites of notum a trifle darker.
Pleura and pleurotergite pale, sparsely pruinose. Halteres brown,
the base of st-empaler. Legs wittrthe coxae yellow, sparsely pruinose;
trochanters yellow; femora brownish -vellow, the tips narrowly blackened; tibiae brown, darker at tips; tarsi black; claws (male) with astrong tooth at extreme base. Wings dark fulvous brown, the prearcular and costal fields more yellowed; stigma oval, slightly darker
brown than the ground, slightly deeper in color in male. \'enation:
Rs from one-third to one-fifth longer than rn-cut,,shorter in female;cell Mr broadly sessile.
Abdominal tergites reddish brown, conspicuously blackened
laterally, the mid-dorsal area less heavily darkened; subterminal
segments brownish black to form a ring; hypopygium yellow. Male
hypopygium (Fig. 5) with the tergite, 9t, transverse, its caudal marginfour-lobed, the more slender lateral lobes separated from the broader
intermediate pair by broad emarginations. Outer dististyle, d, large
and flattened, widened otttwardly, the apex broadly obtuse; upper
margin near apex farther produced into a lobe; inner style broadbasally, the swollen portion with abundant long pale setae; stem
slender, the dilated head unequally bilobed, the whole more or lesssuggestive of the head and neck of a duck. Aedeagus, a, long andslender, with a pair of swellings before tip.
Habitat.-Peru. Holotype, d , Cachiyacu, Upper Ucayali River,
Loreto, April 21. 1947 (Jos6 M. Schunke). ^lllotopoty|e, ? , pinned
with type.
Entirely different from all other describedregional species,including
Ozodicera(Ozodicera)bispinifer Alexander and O. (O.) thaumastasp. n.,particularly in the structure of the male hypopygium.

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Annals EntomologicalSocietyof America[Vol. 46

thaumastasp. n.
Ozodicen(Ozodicera)Size relatively large (wing, male, 19 mm.); general coloration ofmesonotum opaque buffy yellow, the praescutum with four veryslightly darker reddish brown stripes; wings with a strong brownish
gray suffusion, the costal border and stigma somewhat darker brown;
male hypopygium with the caudal margin of the tergite virtuallytruncate; basistyle not armed at apex; inner dististyle with threeconspicuous blackened rods; phallosome more or less resembling apitchfork, the two spines very slender and acute.
M ale.-Length, about 24 mm. ; wing, 19 mm. ; antenna, about
ti.[i mm.
Frontal prolongation of head relatively lorrg, subequal to remainderof head, reddish brown, more or less patterned with dark brown; nasus
stout ; palpi black. Antennae relatively long; scape brownish yellow,
pedicel clearer yellow, basal flagellar segments obscure yellow, theouter ones passing into black; flagellar branches black, the longest
nearly equal in length to the segments; branches virtually simple.
without accessorylobes or tubercles but with a microscopic seta before
apex. Head above dark; anterior vertex relatively narrow, about
equal to the diameter of the scape.
Pronotum and mesonotum chiefly opaque butry yellow or reddish
yellow, the praescutum with four very slightly darker reddish brown
stripes, the lateral pair vaguely margined by slightly darker brown;
posterior sclerites of notum a little darker, yellow or grayish yellow
pollinose. Pleura and pleurotergite yellow, more or less pruinose.
Halteres blackened, relatively slender. Legs with the coxae yellowish
gray;trochanters pale brown;remainder of legsbrown, the tarsi passing
into black. Wings with a strong brownish gray suffusion, the prearcular and costal fields, with the stigma, somewhat darker brown;veins brown. \renation: Cell Mt broadly sessile.
Abdominal tergites reddish brown. the sternites more yellowed;
segmentsseven and eight more uniformly brownish black; hypopygium
yellow. Male hypopygium with the caudal margin of the tergite
virtually truncate, without an emargination, the border with a verysmall lobule on either side of a broad central space. Basistyle unarmed.
Outer dististyle a long flattened pale blade; inner style with threeconspicuousblackened rods. Phallosomea central blackened structurethat forks into two slender spines, their tips very acute, the whole
structure more or less resembting a pitchfork.
Habitat.-Peru. Holotype, &, Satipo, Junin, April, 1945 (P.
Paprzycki).
Ozodicera(Ozodicera\thaumasta is most similar to speciessuch as
O. (O.) bispinifer Alexander and O. (O.) phallacanthaAlexander, yet
entirely distinct in all details of structure of the male hypopygium,
particularly the tergite, inner dististyle and phallosome.
Genus Longurio Loew
Lcngurio (Tanypremna) aurantiothorax sp. n.
Head and thorax uniformly orange; antennae with scape andpedicel yellow, flagellum black; femora broadly 1'-ellowbasally, the1e531 Alexander: SouthAmerican Tipulidae, XV.

609

tips blackened; wings with the basal third or more conspicuously
yellow, cells C and Sc more brownish yellow; stigma oval, brownish
black, very conspicuous;veins beyond cord brownish black, the basal
and costal ones yellowi Scr virtually atrophied; -Rs short, strongly
arcuated; r-rn much reduced, cell lst Mz correspondinglywidened,approximately as broad as long ; r/t-cr/,at or just before midlength of
Ms+s.
Female.-Length, about 14 mm.; wing, 10.5 mm.
Frontal prolongation of head orange, short, without a nasus butwith numerous black setae; palpi brown, the terminal segment black.
Antennae l3-segmented; scape and pedicel yellow, flagellum black ;basal flagellar segments short, suboval, the first constricted basally;outer segments passing into cylindrical, with numerous very long
verticils. Head uniformly orange; anterior vertex broad, approximately fi.ve times the diameter of scape; vertical tubercle very low.
Thorax urriformly orange, shiny. Halteres yellow. Legs withthe coxae and trochanters yellow; femora broadly yellow basally, moredarkened outwardly, the tips blackened; tibiae brown basally, theremainder blackened; tarsi black. Wings with the basal third or more
conspicuously yellow, cells C and Sc more brownish yellow; stigmaoval, brownish black, very conspicuous; wing tip insensibly moredarkened than the subterminal portions; veins beyond cord brownish
black. the basal and costal ones,as well as Cu, yellowed. Veins beyond
cord glabrous. \'enation: Scr faintly indicated to virtually atrophied,widely separatedfrom the free tip of Scz.'Rsshort, strongly arcuated;
R +, longer than Rs; r-m much reduced, cell 1st fu[, coffespondingly
large, approximatell' as broad as 1o1g: basal section of M +2 gently
arcuated, longer than the secondsection; petiole of cell Mr subequalto
or slightly shorter than m: n -cu from two-fifths to midlength of Ms++:
cell ?nd .4 broad.
Abdomen orange, with a subterminal black ring involving segments
eight and nine, together with much of tergite seven; genital shieldblackened on basal half , the basal part chestnut; cerci blackened,hypovalvae more chestnut yellow.
Habitat.-Peru. Holot,vpe, 9, Cerro Azul, Contamana, Loreto,
April 20, 1947 (Jos6 M. Schunke).
In its venation, particularly the broad cell l st Mz, the present(Alexander), likewise
fly is related to Lon,gurio(Tanypremn,o)bezzian,afrom Amazonian Peru. This latter fly differs conspicuously in thecoloration of the body and wings and in the details of venation. Unfortunately both of these somewhat isolated flies are still known only
from females.
It has become increasingly apparent that several supposedly valid
generic groups in the so-called primitive Tipulinae are actually very
closely allied and certain of these may fall in the synonymy while others
may be maintained as subgenera. I am considering Tanypremno Osten
Sacken, with various closely allied groups, and M acromastir Osten
Sacken, to be subgeneraof the older Longurio Loew and am so treatingthem at this time. The subgenera that center about Tanyprem,nahave been discussedby the writer in earlier reports (Ann. Mag. Nat.
Hist., ser. 10,20: 483-485,1937,and ser. 11, 1: 3'37-339,1938).

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lVol. 46

Longurio (Tanypremna) phylax sp. n.
Size small (wing, female, 11 mm.) ; mesonotum polished obscureyellow, the praescut-umwith four brownish black areas,the intermediatepair incomplete; head orange, -th" vertical tubercle_tgty high andconsplcuous;^basitarsiantennae apparently onlV ll-segmented; femora, tibiae
yellow, theif tips biownish black; wing-srelatively shortand;6 bioad; pi""t.ular and. costal fields strongl_yyellowed, tlt" apicaland. posterior margins weakly Qqt b-roadly infusc.ated,leaving moreyellowed discal areason either side of tlre cor{; stigma darker brown;
hi a"d Rr+r.unusually 1o1g, rn-cu at. fork of M+a: ovipositor with
cercl appearing as bioad compressed-flattenedblades; hypovalvae
reduced,terminating in needle-likepoints.
very'Female.-Length,
about It mm'; wing, 11 mm.
Frontal prolJngation of head relatively short, obscure.yellow;
nasus long and.conspicuous;palpi relatively short, black. Atrtcttnae
uppare"tl! either ld- or 1l-iegmente4; sc_apeand pedicel yellowish
biowtr, fligellum dark brown; first flagellar s-egrygntstrongly prosegmentssubcylindrical,the outer
tuberant on lower face, succeeding-verticils(female) relatively short'ones tending to become fused;
Head orange";vertical tuberclevery high and conspicuous,appearingas
an obtuse knob.
Pronotum very narrow; scutum obscureyellow medially, bl-agkened
on sid.es;scutellum even more reduced, only t!t" blackened lateralparts evident. Mesonotum polished obscure yellow, the-praescutum*ittt four brownish black areis, two on the anterior end of the sclerite
the cephalic end.sof the usual intermediate stripes, therepresenting-l"rg.r,
representing the lateral stripes, these continued;iir"i p"it
backward ".roi. th" intot. onlo the extreme anterior margin of the
scutal lobe. Pleura obscureyellow, propleura black, reduced in size;
mesonotum d.arker and more pruinose, fhe posterior sclerites more
shiny; dorsopleuratmembraneextensit'e,yellow-. .Haltereswith stemy"tto*, knob infuscated. Legs-with the coxaelight brown, pruinose,[6" u.tierior pair somewhatdarker; trochanters yellow; femora, tibiae
and. basitarsi yellow, their tips rather narrowly but conspicuously
dark brown oi brownish blabk; remainder of tarsi black. Win8,lrather short and broad; prearcular and costal fields, together with cell
7nd, A, strongly yellowed, the remaining margin weakly.!ot broadly
ilfuscated., f"?"i"g more cream-yetlowdiscal areas on either side oflh" ;;a; itig-a ind narrow seamsover the cord darker brown; veinst"Vo"a .otdl as well as M and,l st A brownish black, the remaining
basal veins more yellowed. Weak but relatively numerous macrotrichia on outer .""tion of vein Rn+u,lacking or virtually so oI-1veins
U.Vo"a cord.. \'enation: Sc, welkly -preserved, at tip of Scz" Rs
excee4ttg; Rr+: elonga-te,""L.""11y long; free tip of Sczand Rl iube-q-ual
one-halfthe rJ"gttt of Rg+s;petiole of cell Mtabout one-halfto one-third
fo"I"t ihan *t'*-tu at fork of.Ms+t,the latter short;cell ?nd A-broad.
obscure brownish yellow, the lateral borders
segments
ibao-inal
more blackened, the posterior margins qlore narrowly so; genital
shield. testaceous yellow. Ovipositol with the cerci _conspicuous,
ufp""ti"g as "o*pi"ssed-flatten-ed blades, their lower edgessetulose;each terminating in a needlelikepoint.
fry^po"4fae very r^educed,

19531

XV.
Alexand,er:SouthAmericanTiputid,ee,

611

Habitat.-Peru. Holotype, 9, Fundo Sinchono, Cordillera Azul,
Huanuco, altitude 1500meters, August 29, lg47 (Jos6M. Schunke).
A very distinct fly, "pparently most nearly allied to speciessuch asLonguri,o(Tanypremna) carbonipes(Alexander), differing in the coloration of the body and wings and in the structure of the antennae, headand ovipositor. The last is very peculiar, somewhat suggesting thecondition in the subgenusVestiplerBezzi, of the genus Tipula Linnaeus.
Longurio (Tanypremna) uniguttata sp. n.
Size large (wing, female, over 20 mm.); praescutal stripes dull
yellow; large black spots at cephalic and lateral portions of thepraescuttrm; thoracic pleura yellow. with an incomplete transverse
brownish black girdle; femora obscure yellow, the tips broadly blackened; wings with a brownish tinge, the stigma and a major cloudover the anterior cord dark brown; vein l?a with a series of macrotrichia; Rs short and oblique , Rz+:rstrongly arcuated at origin ; abdomen
elongate.
Female.-Length, about 32 mm.; wing, 21.ir mm.; abdomenalone,about 27 mm.
Frontal prolongation of head short, orange, restrictedly more
infuscated on sides; palpi black. Antennae l3-segmented; scapeobscure yellow, pedicel more brownish yellow, flagellum dark brown,
the base of the fiist segment narrowly yeltow; flagellar segmentschiefly
cylindrical, the more proximal ones stouter, the outer segmentsweakly
constricted; verticils of the outer three or four segmentsconspicuous.
Head above orange,more intensebehind; vertical tubercle of moderateheight.
Pronotum darkened medially arrd orr sides, leaving very restrictedpaler sublateral areas,the lateral portions intensely blackened. Mesonotal praescutum with the humeral areas golden yellow, the usual
stripes dutler yellow; cephalic border broadly and conspicuously
blackened; a circular brownish black lateral spot behind the pseudosutural foveae; posterior interspaces similarly darkened; scutal lobes
chiefly obscure testaceous yellow, the lateral and central portions
weakly more infuscated; posterior sclerites of notum brownish y_ellow;
central area of scutum with a group of small black setulae. Pleuraand pleurotergite yellow, with a conspicuousbrownish black transverse
stripe, extending from the lateral praescutal area across the dorsopleural membrane, covering the anepisternum and dorsal part of_theiternopleurite. Halteres with stem yellow, knob infuscated. Legs
with the coxae and troehanters yellow: femora obscureyellow, the tips
yellow, t.h" tipl
broadly and conspicuouslyblackened; tibiae brownish'
more narrowly 6lackened; basitarsus obscure yellow, the tip andremainder of tarsus black. Wings with a strong brownish tinge, theprearcular and costal fields even more darkened; stigma relatively
small, clark brown; a single conspicuous dark brown cloud over theanterior cord: veins dark brorvn. those in the basal and costal fields
A seriesof macrotrichia on vein Rr, lacking on remainsomewhatpa'ler.
ing veins beyond cord. Venation: Sc, weakly preserved, widely
separated from the free tip of Sca,the latter and Rr+, pale-: -Rs shortand obtique, lRz+sstrongly arcuated at origin; -Rzshort; petiole of cell

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Annals EntomologicalSocietyof America[Vol. 46

Mr shorter than m,: rn-cua short distancebefore the fork of Maar; cell?nd A broad.
Abdomen elongate,as shown by the measurements;basal tergites
light yellowish biown, the outer segments more darkened; basal
sttrnit-es yellow, the outer ones more darkened medially; _ovipositor
with the cerci long and straight, black, the tips abruptly orange;
the tiPs subacute.
long, compressed-flattened,hypovalvae-'
Habitat.-Peru. Holotype, L Divisoria, Cordillera Azul, Huanuco,
altitude 1600meters,September4, 1947(Jos6M. Schunke).
The present fly is aliied to speciessuch as I ongurio (Tanypre'mna)horrida (Alexander),L. (.7.) kadeni (Alexander),and others, differing
very evidently in the coloration of the body, legs and wings.
Longurio (Longurio) sessorissp. n.
Size med.ium (wing, male, under 14 mm.); general coloratiortof
mesonotum of male orange. more infuscated in female; frontal pro(;:w; arrCennaeslrcrr(, sce, cf<[ongatron of head et'ongate,ora.nge--lrep"a'i."f yellow, flagellufr brownis[ black; wings.with a weak brownish
i*g"; pi,tiot" bl .Eff Mr subequal to. m-:abdominal segmentsbrownish
variegated with brown; male .h1'popl'giumwith the basistylet;]il;,
6r""I"i.; i""Ei dististyle terminatirrgi"--o yell,orvconrpressedblade orl""ii. tf,e surfaceof the style with Jdouble rorv of from ten to twelve
black spinoussetae;longestbristles of the style retrorse'
strong- trfate.-Leigth, about 10mm.; wing, 13.5-13'7mm'; antenna'about
1 . 2m m .
Female.-Length,about 11 mm.;wing, 11'5mm'
Frontal prolSngation of head. long and slender, subequal to,"-ai.rd"i of head, 5r".rg"-yer1ow,withoui nasus;palpi black. Antennae
rhoiti" both sexes,l2-iegmented; scapeand pedicel yellow, flagellum
brownish black. Head orange;anterior vertex broad'
Pronotu- bro*rr. MesJnotal praescutum and scutum of maleorange,unpatterned or virtually so.;posterior scleritesof notum weakly
i"f"r?"t"a. Pleura and pleuroiergiteyellow. In the female,the mesonotum is almos| uniformly browi, the anterior sclerites much darker
then in the male. Halteies elongate,d.ark brown, the extreme baseof rt"- yellow. Legs long and ilend.er; coxae and trochanters p?ley"fi"*; femora obscire brdwnish- yellow, t1t9 tips narrowly brownish
black to black; tibiae and tarsi biownish black; claws of both sexes
with a weak brownish tinge, -th" costal
Wi.tgtsmall and ri-pt..
"field.
a little darker; _stigma oval, medium
radialo"i"t;&i;" ""an"inr brown. \Ieins beyond _cord-glabrous or virtually So,
ffi;;;.hn; *itfr only sparse scattered trichia. \'renation: Rs about;;;;o""-h"tf l,ongerthan R*r, the latter ver-y-slightly longer th?l ,*-?:
m: cell 'l st Mt;;i" R;-, ;;;it" b"i *"tk:'petiole of cell itlt 'lubequ^a'-ro,"f"ii""iy large, pe'tagonai; nt-cu close to fork of Ms+ti cell 7nd A
moderatetyUioad, especiallynear-outerend'
Abd.omenobr"or" bro*ni.h yellow, the posterior and laterat bordersof the ."g.n.nt. tio*tt, the amount greater in the male; -sgltgrminal."gt"""ii%f""f."ned. to form a nalro-wfttg.' hypqpJgium reddish brown;sternites -ot"-o"iformly ' yellow. Ovipoiitor with the valves-elongate,;";;i si"r,d"r, rtt"igrrt. Male hypopygium (Fig. 6) with the caudal

1e53lAlexander: SouthAmerican Tipul'idae,XV.

613

margin of the tergite nearly truncate to very feebly emarginate. Basistyle, b, elongate, simple. Dististyle, d, terminal, superimposed(shown separately to avoid confusion); outer style slightly longer than
the inner, its apex obtuse; outer setae long and conspicuous,black;inner style terminating in a yellow compressedblade or beak; surfaceof style with a ridge bearing a double row of ten or twelve strong black
spinous setae that are directed outwardly, the more basal ones weaker;
longest bristles of the style retrorse.
Habitat.-Peru. Holotype, &, Chanchamayo,Junin. altitude 1200
meters, February 18, 1949 (Jos6 M. Schunke). Allotopoty?e, 9 ,pinned with
type. Paratopotype,d, February 12, 1949.
'speciesThisis quite distinct from other regional members of thegenus in the coloration and structure of the male hypopygium. The
most similar of such speciesis Longurio (Longurio) huanucensisSp. n.,which differs in coloration, antennal structure and in all details of
structure of the male hypopygium.
Longurio (Longurio) huanucensis sp. n.
Size small (wing, male, less than 11 mm.) ; mesonotum vaguely
infuscated, pleura yellow, the ventral plettrites more infuscated;
antennae (male) approximately two-thirds the length of the wing,basal segmentsyellow, the outer ones dark brown; flagellar segments
without verticils but with a short densepale pubescence;wings brownish
yellow; Rs short, R,+, preserved; abdominal segments yellow, ringed
posteriorly with dark brown; male hypopygium with the outer dististyle produced at end irrto a slenderpale beak, the lorver beak redueed
to a krrob that is set with about fi.r'eblackerredspinous setae.
Male.-Length, about fi-9 mm.; wirrg,9-10.5 rnm.; antenna,about(i.5-7 mm.
Frontal prolongationof head releutivelyshort, brown to dark hrown,
without nasus; palpi blacl<. Antenrrae (male) lil-segmentcd,elongate,
as shown by thc measrlrements,being approximately two-thirds thelength of the wing; scape and pedicel very short, testaceousyellow,
basal flagellar segmentsbrownish yellow, the outer ones passing into
dark brown ; flagellar segments elongate-cylindrical,with abundant
short erect pale pubescerrce
but without verticils; first flagellarsegment
very short, subequal in length to the scape and scarcely one-fifth
as long as the second; srlcceedingsegmentsgradually decreasingin
length, terminal segment very small. Head opaque pale brown,heavily yellow pollinose, espeeiallyin front; vertical tubercle relatively
high, narrow, extending between the antennal bases.
Pronotum reduced, dark brown. Mesonotal praescutum chiefly
chestnut yellow medially, the lateral portions a little darker, enclosing
a vague obscureyellow sublateral stripe; scutum arndscutellum vaguely
infuscated; rnediotergite brownish yellow, pleurotergite clearer yellow.
Pleura yellow, sternopleuriteconspicuouslvinfuscated, involving to alesser degree the ventral anepisternum arrd the micl-coxae. Thorax
trnusuallv glabrous, the most conspicuorlssetae otl the scutellum.
Halteres elrlrrgatc, stem pale, knob infuscated. Legs with coxae
vellow, thc rnidcllc pair sonrewhat <larker, as abovc described:
trocharrrtersyellow: fcnrora ycllow basally, passing irrto brown; tibiae

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Annals Entomological Societyof Arnerica[Vol. 46

brownish yellow, the tips narrowly darkened, tarsi passing into black;tibial spurs conspicuous; claws simple. Wings brownish yellow, theprearcular and costal fields, with the stigma, slightly darker brown;veins delicate, pale brown. \reins beyond cord unusualty glabrous,
with relatively numerons trichia on outer section of Rn.ruand on M y\renation: Scr usually preserved, in cases atrophied, ending about
opposite one-third to two-thirds Rs, Scza short distance from its tip;
Rs short and pale, subequal to or only a little longer than the basal
section of Ra15,in casesshorter than this latter elementi Rr+zpreserved;
petiole of eell Mrf.rom one arrd one-half to twice nr: n-cu on Mt shortly
beyond the vertical origin; cell ?nd A moderately broad.
Abdominal segments obscure brownish yellow, the basal segments
clearer yellow; posterior borders of the segmentsconspicuouslyringed
with dark brown, the eighth sternite uniformly darkened; hypopygium
chiefly obseure yellow; in casesthe tergites more uniformly darkened,
especially at the midline. Male hypopygium (Fig. 7) with the tergite
large, nearly parallel-sided, its caudal border shallowly emarginate;very abundant setae on about the outer third. Basistyle, b, elongate,with relatively few setae, all delicate. Inner dististyle, d, produced
al end into a slender pale rod or beak, the lower beak represented
by a knob that bears five or six short blackened spines; outer surface
of body of style with relatively numerous erect to retrorse slendersetae; outer style about equal in length, narrowed gradually to thenarrowly obtuse tip, provided with abundant setae.
Habitot.-Peru. Holotype, &, Piltao, Huanuco, attitude 2700
meters, in fog forests, March 9, 194(i (Felix Woytkowski) . Paratopotypes,5 & d, February 23-March 9, 1946.
The most similar regional speciesis Longurio (Lon,gurio)pygmaea(Alexander), which while generally similar in size and color, differs in
the details of coloration and structure and in the venation, as theatrophied Rt,-r.
Longurio (Longurio) perglabrata sp. rr.
Size small (wing, male, about I ntm. or less); praescutum lightbrown, with four poorly indicated more yellowed stripes; rostrum very
short; antennae ll-segmented, very small; halteres elongate; wings
uniformly brownish gray, unpatterned; veins pale and weak, virtually
without macrotrichia; male hypopygium with the caudal border oftergite broadly emarginate; rostrat prolongation of the inner dististylelong and slender, on face of style with a lobule that bears two spinous
setae.
Male.-Length, about (i.5-7 mm.; wing, 8.3-9.2 mm.; anterrna,
about 0.5{.6 mm.
Frontal prolongation of head much reduced, grayish brown; palpi
similarly reduced, brown. Antennae 1l-segmented,very small; scape,pedicel and basal three or four flagellar segments yellow, the outerones brownish black and provided with long conspicttousverticils; firstflagellar segment long, subequal to the succeedingtwo segmentscombined. Head dark brown; vertex broad, approximatelv three times thegreatest diameter of the scape; vertieal tubercle large, simpte
Pronotum dark brown, very thirr and collarlike, jutting dorsad

1e53lAlexander: South American Tipulidae, XV.

615

above the level of the head. Mesonotum light brown, the praescutumwith four very vaguely indicated obscure yellow stripes, the scutal lobes
similarly colored; lateral borders of mediotergite narrowly dark brown.
Pleura obscurebrownish yellow, still paler ventrally. Halteres elongate,stem pale, knob infuscated. Legs with the coxae and trochanters
yellow; remainder of legslong and slender,brown; claws simple. Wings
veins pa19, relatively- inconuniformly brownish gray, _unp_atterned;
spicuousagainst the ground. Veins very weak and tending to become
evanescent,without macrotrichia excepting on the costal vein and aseries on vein R beyond origin of Rs, best-indicated in the vicinityof the stigma. \'enation: ,Sc relatively short,.Scz entering R about
opposite two-thirds the length of Rs,' free tip of Scz jutting distad ofthe level of Rz, exceedingthe latter in length; vein Rs not exceeding
twice the length of R:+a.'cell l st Mz apparently normally closed butwith the basal section of M s w?,akand evanescentin some specimens;
cell Mt variable in length, in casesvery deep; cell 2nd A about twiceas broad as in insidiosa. In insidiosa, Sc is longer, Rs straighter; vein
R3 ver1rlong, nearly three times ftr+r,'cell Mr subequal in length to its
petiole; cell Mt widened at base, rn-cucorrespondinglylong; cell ?nd A
narTow.
Abdomen, including hypopygium, brown, the lateral and caudal
borders of the sternites somewhat paler. Male hypopygium (Fig. 8)
with the tergite, 9!, transverse.the caudal border broadly emarginate;outer half of dorsal surface with abundant strong setae, the actual
margin without these. Inner dististyle, d, with its rostral prolongation
long and relatively slender; on face of body of style with a lobulethat is tipped with two blackened spinous setae; vestiture of style
qqarse anrd.ereq\.
Habitat.-Southeastern Brazrl, Holofipe, d, Boracea, S5,oPaulo,
altitude 900 meters,September15, 1947 (TravassosFilho and Rabello).
?aratopoiypes,2 & e. Type returned to Travassos.
The closest describedally of the present fly is Longurio (Longurio)
insidioso (Alexander), which differs in the larger size,produced frontal
prolongation and mouthparts, different coloration, including thered head, and in other characters.
Longurio (Longurio) rabelloi sp. n.
Mesonotum mediurn brown, the praescutum without distinct
stripes: antennae 1l-segmented,short; frontal prolongation of headrelatively long; wings with a strong brownish tinge, cells C and Sc,
with the stigma, darker brown; macrotrichia of veins beyond cord
relatively abundant; vein Rr+, weak, its tip atrophied; petiole of cell
Mr about twice rn, cell Mq widest at base; abdominal tergites brown,
the posterior third or more of each deepening to black, hypopygium
yellowish brown; male hypopygium with the posterior border of tergite
broadly emargirrate;rostrum of the inner dististyle relatively stout,
constricted before the rounded apex, the base of style with about adozen stroug spinous setae.
M ale.-Lcngth, rubout l i m r n . ; w i n g , l 0 m m . ; a n t e n n a , a b o u t
1 . 2m m .
Frontal prolongation of head relativcly lorrg, '.1littlc shorter than

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Annals EntomologicalSocietyof America[Vol. a6

the transverse diameter of the €y€, reddish brown, darkened at tip,nasus lacking; palpi brownish black. Antennae 1l-segmented,short;scape obscure yellow, pedicel clearer yellow, flagellum black; flagellar
segmentsconstiicted basally, dilated at outer ends;third and succeeding
flageller segments with long conspicuousverticils, especially on theouter segments. Head deep reddish brown or fulvous; vertical tubercle
high,- simple.
Pronotum very reduced,pale brownish yellow. Mesonotummedium
brown, the praescutum without distinct stripes; postnotum moreyellowish brown. Pleura brownish yellow, unpatterned. Halteresbrownish black, yellow basally, of moderate length. Legs with thecoxae and trochanters yellow; femora brownish yellow, the tips very
narrowly black; tibiae and tarsi black; claws simple. Wings with astrong brownish tinge, cells C and Sc, with the stigma, a little d.arker
brown; veins dark brown. Macrotrichia of veins relatively abundant,
beyond.the cord with continuous serieson veins ftr*r, Rr, R.t1t and Mri
remalntng verns glabrous or virtually so. \'enation: Scr weakly preserved, Sczending about opposite three-fourths Rs.' R,+, weak, its tip
atrophied; petiole of cell Mt about twice nt: nt-cu gently sinuous, atneaf midlength of vein M+ri cell M; widest at base; cell ?nd A ofmoderatewidth.
Abdominal tergites brown, the posterior third or more deepening
to black; sternites-yellow;subterminal segmentmore uniformly blackened; hypopyglum yellowish brown. Male hypopygium (Fig. 9) withthe tergite, 9t, large, its posterior border broadly emarginate; outerhalf with numerouJcoarseblack setae,the actual posterior border withdelicate setulae. Outer dististyle, 0d, shown detached, long-oval in
outline, with coarsesetae,the outer ones largest; inner style, id, withthe rostrum relatively stout, constricted before the rounded apex; baseof style with about a dozen strong spinous setae.
Habitat.-southeastern Brazil. Holofipe, d, Boracea,S5o Paulo,
altitude 900 meters, November, 19'17(TravassosFilho and Rabello).
Type
returned to Travassos.
- -Thespeciesis dedicatedto Mr. E. Rabello, who collectedvarious
Tipulidae at Boraceawhile accompanyingLauro TravassosFilho. The
most similar speciesis Longurio (Longurio) ti.iucana(Alexander),which
differs in the body coloration, venation and trichiation of the wings,
and in all details of structure of the male hypopygium.
Longurio (Longurio) zikanella sp. n.
Belongs to the lemniscatagroup. closestto exempta:thorax atmost
black,
uniformly polished black, with- very faint bluish reflections;..legs
only ths bases of the fore femora restrictedly obscure yellow; wings
with about the cephalichalf dark brown, the posteriorportion, involving
cells Cu, the Anals, and outer medial field more brownish gray; twoconspicuousbright yellow discal areas,the larger shortly before outerend of cell M; cell 2nd A unusually narrow.
about
Female.-Length, about lil mm.; wing, 10.i1mln.; erntenrta,
2.2 mm.
Frontal prolongationof headbrownishblack; palpi black. Antentrae
blat:k throughout, 10-segmented; flagellarsegmentscylirrdrical,beconl-

1e53lAlexander: SouthAmerican Tipulidae, XV.

617

ing progressively more slender outwardly, the terminal segment
unusually slender; verticils shorter than the segments. Head withthe anterior vertex produced cephalad beyond the level of the base of
the frontal prolongation, obscure orange, darker behind: vertical
tubercle virtually entire.
Thorax almost uniformly polished black, the dorsum with very
faint more bluish reflections,unusually glabrous. Dorsopleuralregion
dusky. Halteres blackened. Legs black, only the basesof the fore
femora restrictedly obscure yellow, involving approximately the basal
fourth. Wings with about the cephalichalf dark brown, the posterior
portion. involving cells Cu, analsand outer medial field, paler, brownish
gray; two conspicuousbright yellow discal areas,the larger in cell M
shortly before outer end, the other in the outer radial field in cells
Rs and Rs, shortly before midlength of the cells, more extensivein Rr.'
veins brown, a trifle more brightened in the yellow areas. Venation:
Cell Mr from one-third to one-half longer than its petiole; cell ?nd A
unusually narrow.
Abdomen, including the basal shield and valves of ovipositor, black.
H abitat-Southeastern Bru211. H olotype, I , Barracao, Rio de"a pair were found i.n copula
Janeiro,November 17, 1943(J. F. Ztkan);
but the male escaped."-Zikan.
This striking fly is named for the late Jos6 Francisco Zikan(1881-1949),to whom v/e are indebted for much of our knowledgeof
the rich insect fauna of the Parque Nacional do Itatiaia. The species
is most similar to Longurio (Longurio) crempta (Alexander), differing
evidently in the colorationof the body, antennae,legs and wings.