ARKIYFORZOOIOGI.
BAND 19 A.

N:o 9.

EntomologischeErgebnisseiter swealischen
Kamtchatka-Expeilition1920-1922.
12.

The Tipulidae.
By
P. ALEXANDER.
CIIASLES(Amherst, IVlassachusetts).
With 6 Figures in the Text.
Communicatetl January 12tu- L927 by Cun. Aumvrr,r,rus and. Y. S.r0stnor.

The itinerary, general ecological conditions and. summaryof results of the Swed.ishKamtchatka-Expedition of 1920-1922 have been tliscussedby Dr. S.riisrnor in the first part
under this general title (EntornologischeErgebnissed.erschwedischen Kamtchatka-Expedition 1922. Arkiv for Zoologi, 17 A,
No. 33: l-3,
L925). Through the kindness of Dr. S.riisrnnr
and the collector of the material, Cand..phil. Rnnf Ml'l-lrsn,
f have been enabled.to study the crane-fliesof the expedition.
Types and representativesof all the specieshave been placed.
in the Naturhistoriska Riksmuseet in Stockhohn. I would
express my sincere thanks to Dr. S.rtisrEDTand Cand. Mlr,lrsn
for the privilege of studying this small but very interestingseries.
As might be expected.from its geographical location, theTipulid fauna of Kamtchatka shows a, distinctly llolarctic
facies, several of the speciesshowing scarcelyany modificationfrom European types while still others are consideredas representing valid races of European species. This northern Palaearctic element is shown strikingly in the genera Limonia, DiArkda ldr zoolttgd. Bd 19 A.

N.'o 9.

2

ARKrY rdn zoor,ocr. BAND fg A.

N:o 9.

cra,nlmyia and. Dictenidia. The species of Li,mnoph,ila, on theother hand, seems to be most closely related to the Nearctic
L. platyphall,us Ar,nxervDun, of which it is at most the vicarious representative in North-eastern Asia. The very interesting Tipula malaisei, sp. n., belongs to a peculiar group of
the genus (tne c'ineraceagroup) that is confined to the regionof Bering Straits. The only earlier paper that consid,ers
the crane-flies of Kamtchatka is a, brief one by the writer(Ar,nxrNpnn Journ. N. Y. Ent. Soc., 26: 66-75; 1918).

Subfamily Limoniinae.
Tribe Li,moni,ini^
GenusDieranomyia Srnpnnlrs.
I)ieranomyiadeeora(Srlncnn).
1840. Li,mnobia decora St-q.ncnn; Kriijer's Naturhist. Tid.sskr., 3: 47.

Nos. 1854, 1855.
Habitat: Kamtchatka: Petropavlovsk, 28. VII-5.

(1e20).

YIrI

D. decor"a(Srlncnn), with -D. tenuipe.s(Znrrnnsrnor) as asynonym according to Nrnr,snrv,has a wid,e ra,nge throughout
the northern Palaearctic Region. The Nearctic D. ter"re-noue
Ar,nxlnDER, with a wide range over northern Canad.aand
Newfound.land, is at most a race of the above and may be
identical with it.
Genus Limonia Mrrcnn.
Limonia annulus (Mnrcnn) var.
1818. Limnobia annulus MnrcnN; Syst. Beschr.,\:145.

1 &, No. 1891.
Petropavlovsk28. VII-5.

VnI(1920).

Limonia trivittata (Scnuuunr,),var.
1829. Li,mnobia tri,ui.ttataScsuuunr,; Beitr. zur Ent., 1:114.

6 d, Nos. 1878, 1882,1884,1887, 1890 ancl 2562.
Petropavlovsk28. VII-5. YIII (1920).
The specimens average a little larger and more clarkly
colored.than typical specimensfrom northern Europe.

CIIARI,ES

P. ALEXANDER,

TIIE

TIPULIDAE.

3

Limonia flavipes karafutonis Ar,axANDEE.

I

1924. Limoni,a karafutonis Ar,nxelvnrn;
560-661.

Philippine Journ. Sci.,24:

4 d?, Nos. 1"859,1880, 1886 and 1889.
Petropavlovsk28. VII--5. VIII (1920).
Limonia nubeeulosaMnreEN, var.
1804. Li,monia nubeculosaMnrcnN; Klass., 1:60.

1 ?, No. 3619.
Petropavlovsk 12. VII (L922).
All of the femora show three dark annuli.

Tribe lIenatomini,,
Genus Limnophila Mlcqulnr.
Subgenus Phylidorea
Brcor.
Limnophila (Phyliilorea) kamtehatkensis, sp. n.
Belongs to the fulu0ner?)0s&
group; thoracic d.orsumblackened., the praescutum with the humeral triangles castaneous;Iegs blackened, the femora yellow basally ; wings with a yelIowish tinge, cell C,, the wing-tip and vein Ou, infuscated;
abd.ominal segments broadly yellowish med.ially, the lateral
margins brown; subterminal segments dark brown.
MaIe. - Length about 10 mm.; wing 9,6 mm.
Rostrum d.ark, heavily grey pruinose. Antennae broken.
Head. light gray, the sid.es of the vertex behind with al extensive blackish a,rea.
Pronotum shiny black medially, the sides paler. Mesonotal praescutum blackened. med.ially, sparsely pruinose, thelateral margins somewhat paler, the humeral regions extensively castaneous; scutal lobes dark, sparsel.vpruinose; scutelium pale brown; postnotal mediotergite heavily pruinose medially, the sides paler. Pleura almost uniforml-y darkened, sparsely pruinose. Halteres pale, the knobs infuscated.. Legs withthe coxae and. trochanters fulvous; femora yellow on basal
third., thence passing into brown,, the distal portion broadly
brownish black, the extreme tips very narrowly paler; tibiae
dark brown, the tips narrowly blackened; tarsi dark brown,
soon passing into black. Wings a yellowish tinge, the Frearcular region clearer yellow ; cellSc yellow; cell C brown;

4

ABKrv niin zoor,ocr. BAND fg A.

N:o g.

stigma oval, clark brown; wing-apex narrowly infuscatpd; aconspicuous brown seam along vein Cu,,; veins brown. Yenation: About as in L. (P.) ltlatuphallus Ar,nx.r,rvDER,;
vein B,straight or nearly so, cell 2nd -8, being usually small, on themargin only about one-third cell -Rr; cell M, twice its petiole.
Abd.ominal tergite one dark brown; succeeding tergites
broadly yellowish medially, dark brown laterally; sternites
similarly patterned; segments eight and. nine (C) d.ark brown,
the hypopygium again paler. MaIe hypopygium as in the
fulaoneruosa group, the aedeagus being greatly compressed.
Outer dististyle (Fig. 1, o) relatively slend,er, the apex only aIittle d.ilated, the subterminal spine on the outer margin conspicuous, broad.-based;inner dististyle (i) with the shoulder ontFig. 1. Detals* ^"kh{e::if;:#,(PhEtid'orea):i."#*ohitaa : aedea*''dististvre;
3 = };;::-t1:irlrIr"'1""rthe outer margin of the basal half very distinct. Aed.eagus(u) greatly compressed., the apex and" margins more heavily
blackened; this pod-shaped structure shorter and broader thanin platyphallus, the apical beak rnore elongate. The slenderapophyses subtending the aedeagus are here shorter than inplatyphallus ancl the longest arm of the bifid gonapophysis iseven more slender, spine-like.
Habitat. - Kamtchatka: Petropavlovsk28. YII-5. VIII.

(1e20).

Holotype, &, No. 1883 (R. Murrsu).
L. (P.\ kamtchatkenszs
is nost closely allied NoL. (P.)platyphallus Ar,nxlxonn (Northeastern North America), differing
especially in the d.etailsof structure of the male hypopygium.
The only regional described.species is L. (P.) fulaocostalis
Cogurr,r,nrr (Fur-Seals and Fur-Seal Islands of the North-

CHA.BI,ES P. AI,EXANDEB.

TIIE

TIPULIDAE.

Pacific Ocean, Part 4: 342-343; 1898),described.from Beringfsland. off the coast of Kamtchatka, collected in July-August,
1897. Coeurr,r,Err's description calls for a fly of very different
coloration, the legs being yellow with only the apices of thetarsi brown; cell M, shorter than its petiole; and other clistinctions.

,Tribe Pediei,ini^
Genus Dieranota ZnrrERSrEDr.

I)ieranota galaetoptera, sp. n.
General coloration gral, the praescutum with three conspicuous dark brown stripes; antennae (?) 12-segmented.;wings
with a strong milky-white tinge; stigrna conspicuous,darkbrown ; a broken brown seam along the cord and a similar

Fig'2'

o;'yK:Jt"{*X'?:,Y'4,
sp'n'
S':*d;1f,'\:**ilongitudinal line occupying the space between the branchesof
Cw; cell ML present; cell 7st Jl[, open by the atrophy of m.
Female. - Length abouth 7 mm.; wing 8,2 mm.
Rostrum dark, pruinose; palpi brownish black. Antennae
black throughout, only 12-segmented.;first flagellar segrnent
elongate-pyriforrn, enlarged outwardly ; remaining segmentsoval,
d.ecreasingin size outwardly, the Iast segment smallest. Headbrown, the orbits and anterior vertex light gray; anteriorvertex broad.
Mesonotal praescutum yellowish gray with three conspicuous dark brown stripes, the median stripe narrowly and incompletely divided on anterior half by a pale capillary vitta;
lateral stripes short; scutum yellowish gray, the centers of thelobes dark brown; scutellum and postnotum light gray. Pleura
graI, the dorso-pleural region buffy-brown. Halteres pale, theknobs infuscated. Legs with the coxae pruinose; trochanters
yellow; femora brown, their bases paler, the tips passing intod.ark brown; tibiae and. tarsi dark brown; posterior basitarsi
about one-half the length of the tibia.
Wings (Fig. 2) with a strong milky-white tinge; stigma
conspicuous,rlark brown; a narrow broken brown seam along

6

ARKrv riin zoorJocr. BAND l9 A.

N:o 9.

the cord.; a dark brown longitudinal seambetweenthe branches
of ,Cu; veins dark brown, the tip of 8c, paler. Venation: Ec,
ending shortly beyond the supernumerarycrossveinin cell -Rr;
Rs angulated at origin; outer deflection of R, very close tb
the tip of Rr, cell J?, thus being relatively shallow; cell M,
smll!_tending to becomeobsolescentb.y the atrophy of' Mr;cell Mu about as long as its petiole.
Abdomen dark graI, the ovipositor light horn-colored,thevalves stout.
- Kamtchatka: Petropavlovsk6.-20. VT (L922).
lHabitat.
'Holotype,?, No. 323L (R,.Mlr,Lrsn).
D. galactopterais d.istinguishedby the milky-white wings
with a conspicuousbrown pattern; the lZ-segmentedantennae;
venation; and the thoracic pattern.

SubfamilyTipulinae.
Genus Tanyptera LlrnErLLE.
Tanyptera atrata (LrnNaus), var.
1768. Tipula atrata LrNN.mus;Syst. Nat., Ed. 10: 580.

1 &, 1 9, Nos. 97, 3726.
Petropavlovsk2.-5. VII (1920).
Entirely similar to typical atrata frorn Europe but muchsmaller (Male, wing, 11,s mm.; female, wing, 11 m.).

Genus Dictenidia Bnur,r,f.
Dieteniilia bimaeulata (Lrxnnus).
1761. Tiltula bimaculataLrNN.ous; Fauna Suec.,Ecl. 2: 433.

1 &, No. 3725.
Petropavlovsk
13-14. YII (1922).
Genus Tipula LrNxaus.
fipula malaiseir sp. n.
Belongs to the ciner"aceagroup; basal section of R, very
long, simulating a radial crossvein, faintly preserved to subobsolete; cell M, relatively deep.
Female. - Length about 17 mm.; wing 12,smm.

ff
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IE
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It

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'tt

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B

CIIAR,LES P. ALEXANDER,

TI{E

TIPULIDAE.

Frontal prolongation' pf the head.dark gray, without anasus,this being representedonly by a few long yellow setae;
palpi black. Antennae with the scapal and basali*o flagellar
intolggments obs,curefulvous, the remaining segmentspassing"Headbl?_ck;. flagellar segments simple, about cylindribal.
yellowish gray, a little clearer anteriorly and on the occipital
regron.
Mesonotal praescutum light gra.y with three slighily
d.arker gr?y- stripes, the med.ian'siripe yery broad.in froni,
narrowed behind; lateral stripes very poorl-vdelimited;'tle
pseudosutural foveae almost obliterated; scutum tigut gray,.scutellum
centers of the lobes marked with slightly darker g"ay igrar, more infuscated. medially; postnotum fuoit, yellowish
gfay, with vague ind.icationsof a brown median capillary vitta.
Pleura-clear grarL-the dorso-pleuralregion dirty 6"o*o-. Halteres elongate,yellow. Legs with the coxae g"uy, the middle
and. posterior coxae elongate; trochanters 6bs"co"eyellow;

Fig. 3. Wing venation of. Ti2tula malaisei,, sp. n.
Symbols as in Figure 2.

femora y_ellow, the tips narrowly blackened; tibiae obscureyellow, the tips more broadly infuscated; tarsi black; legs
relatively_ short and stout. Wings with a yellowish tinge, tfre
base and cells C and 8c cleaier yellow;'end"morestigma oval,"faint.
the proximal porti_on yellowish, the distal
darkened j^ small brown cloud. at the fork of Rs and. a conspicouous
broad brown seam along vein Cu; less d.istinct bro*n seams
abng most of the longitudinal veins; obliterative areas verycorrspicuousand extensive. Yenation (Fis. 3), r in alignment
yilh nr and the distal section of Rr, th6 basal section"of -8,
being yeTy extensive, simulating a radial crossvein, but faintand subobsolate; tip of -8,_preserved,without macrotrichiae;
cell 7st M, yery high; cerr-M, from one and one-half to twotimes the length of its pe_tiolb;m-cu on JVI: shorily beyond.
itl ^origin; vein cu, extending to the wing-m-argin ul tn" tipof Cur.
Abdomen relatively,elongate (L2,s mm.), the tergites obscure yellow with? poorly defined brown median stri"pe; sternites more ertensiv_ely_darker. ovipositor with the'tergites
and. sternites shiny d.ark brown on th-e basal shields, the vilves

8

ARKrv riin zoor,ocr.

BAND fg A.

N:o 9.

paler; tergal valves straight, slender; sternal valves shorterand deeper.
Habitat. - Kamtchatka:Petropavlovsk13.-14. VII (L922).
Ilolotype, ?, No. 3724 (R. Mer,rrsn).
This interesting crane-fly is named in honor of the col.
lector, Cancl. Rnxf Mlr,lrsn, whose extensive collections mad.e
in Kamtchatka have added very materially to our knowledgeof a scarcely known region. T. malaisei is of exceptional interest in the venation of the radial field of the wing (Fig. 3\
which shows the alignment of the three elements consituting
the serial vein -R, (i. e., nL r d.istal section of Rr), a condition
that quite approaches the subfarnily Limoniinae. The usual
more or less zig-za,garrangement of these three elements asfound in other Ti,pul'ini is thus largely lost and the basal section of Rr,, though weakly preserved.,assumes the appearanceof the radial crossvein, quite as in the Limoniinae. This problem of the true nomenclature of the radial field in the Tipuliclae and all higher families of Diptera has been made thesubject of a, separate paper by the writer, still in the press.
Tipula saehalinensisAr,nxlNDER.
1925. Tipula sachal'inensisAT,nxANDER;Ann. Mag. Nat. I{ist., (9) 16:
395-3e7.

1 ?, No. 3727.
PetropavlovskL3.-1L VII (1922).
Tipula sublimitata, sp. n.
fn general appearance much as in T.limitata ScsurrMEL;
nasus lacking; obliterative band. before the cord, of the wing
restricted.
Male.
Length about 16 mm.: wing 17,5 mm.
Female.
Length about 18 mm.; wing 19 mm.
Male. Frontal prolongation of the head relatively long,gray above, brownish yellow laterally an,il beneath; nasus
Iacking; palpi brownish yellow basally, darker outwardly. Antennae of mod.erate length, if bent backward extending about
to the base of the abdomen; scape and basal segment of theflagellum clear yellow, the remainder of the organ black; firstflagellar segment about three-fourths as Iong as the first scapal
segment; remaining flagellar segments with the basal enlargement marked., the segments moderately incised.. Head darkgray, the anterior vertex clearer gray.
Mesonotal praescutum light gray with four darker leadengray stripes, the intermecliate pair rather widely separate,I by

CI{ARIJES P. ALEXANDEB,

TIIE

TIPULIDAE.

a parallel-sidedvitta of the ground-color; lateral stripes relatively
narrow, widely separatedfrom the intermediate stripes; scutum
light gral, each lobe with two darker gray marks; scutellum
and" postnotum light gray. Pleura gray, the d.orso-pleuralregion more buffy. Halteres elongate, yellow, the knobs brown.
Legs with the coxae pale reddish brown, sparsely pruinose;
trochanters yellow; femora yellow, clearer basally, the tips
- narrowly brownish black; tibiae brdwn, passing into dark brown, at tips; tarsi brownish black. \Mings with a strong brownish.tinge, the base and cells C and ,Scclearer yellow; stigma darkbrown; a conspicuous brown seam along the distal section ofCu, and on n't-ctt. as in limitata; a less d.istinct brown seamon the anterior cord; conspicuous whitish obliterative areas
before the cord., extending into the basal third of cell Mnb:ut
continued to the wing-margin as a very narrow seam along

Fig. 4.

Fig. 5.

Figs. 4 ancl 5. Details of male hypopygium of Ti,pula sttblimitata, sp. n.
Fig. 4. Ninth tergite; dorsal aspect.
. Fig. 5. Eighth sternite; ventro-caudalaspect.

vein Mn; similar obliterative areas beyond the stigma in cell
2nd R, and the base of Rr; veins brown, paler in the yellowish
areas. Venation: R, entire; Rs long, only a little shorter thanRu; cell 1st M, Iong-pentagonal; petiole of cell M, rcLatively
short, about one-half longer than m.
Abdomen with the basal tergite fulvous; intermed.iatesegments rather bright brown, with a d"ark brown median stripe,
the outer segments passing into brownish black; caudal margins of the segments narrowly ringecl with pale, broader andmore d.istinct on the outer segments; Iateral margins of thetergites broaclly pale, margined internally with a d.arker sublateral line; sternites blackened.. MaIe hypopygium moderately
incrassated.. Ninth tergite (Fig. 4) relatively massive,broad.atbase, narrowed. distally, the caudal margin with a deep, Yshaped med.ian notch, the lateral lobes thus formed. extended
into narrow glabrous points, their tips obtuse. Basistyle complete, very slightly narrowed outwardly, the apex truncate.
Arkio ldr zoologi,. Bd 19 A.

N.'o 9.

1*

10AR,Kryniin zoor,ocr. BANDlg A.

N:o g.

Outer dististyle very small, finger-like. From the dorso-medial
portion of the ninth sternite a stout, cylindrical, blackened"
lobe hangs pendulously in the notch o? the sternite. thesesausage-ghaqe$
lobes-provid.ed.
with short, inconspicouos,yellow
setae. Caudal _margin of the eighth sternite (rig. b)'with a
b1o-ad u-shap_ed.notch, each dorso-lateral angle Jt tne notchwith a broad-based.chitinized. lobe, these directed mesad.,decussate across the mid-line, the tips expand,ed,blunt; outersurface of these arms with long, golden-yillow setae.
Female. This sex is much tit<e tne male, differing especially in the sexual characters, as the shorter antennaE *itn
the basal two flagellar segments yellow.
Habitat. - Kamtchatka: Peiropavlovsk, 28. vrr-b. vrlr
1920 (R. Mer,ersn).
Holotype, d, No. 18??.
Allotopotype, ?, No. 1879.
Paratopotype, ?, No. 1867.
T. sublimitata is generally similar in appearanceto T.
lom'itata Scnuuunr,, of northern Europe, ditrering in the conspicuous lack of a nasus, the different coloratidn of the antennae and other characters. Tn lomitata t]ne obliterative band"
before the cord is so extensive that it includ.esthe proximal
ends of both cells_Jld a1d,Mn and the pale marks beyond thestigma are scarcely evident. The lack-of the nasus in both
sexes of the. presentprobably indicates that the species-sp_ecies_
is not as closely allied to limitata as the general appearance
might ind.icate.

GenuslYephrotomaMnrcnn.
I{ephrotoma saghaliensis AIEXANDER.
7924. r{ephrotoma saghali,erasis
AT,nxANDDR;Ann. Ent. soc. Aneriea,l?:447-448.

2 63, 1 9, I{os. 19g1,1995,1ggg.
Habitat: Kamtchatka: PetropavlovskzB. vrl-b.

(1e20).

vlrl

This species was described. from saghalien but is now
k11y" t_o-range southward in Japan to the higher mountainsof Honshiu.
-_____?_

Tryckt den 22 april 1927.
Uppsrlt

1027. Aturqvist & Wiftsells Ilol<tr.yckeri-A.-li.