rSTUDIES ON TEE IIPUTIQAE OF cEINA (DTPTSBA)
IV. New or little-known Crane-flies fium Tien-mu-shan,Cheklang(contlnued)
By Cnanr,neP. Ar,pxeNopn
MaswehusetteState College,Amher st, l[ assachusetts.

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LINGNAN SCIENCE JOURNAL
Yor,. 19, No. 2, Mlv 1940[[ssunoMev 3, 1940]oANTOI{, OErNAlg, 2l2l

STUDIES ON THE TIPULIDAE OF CIIINA (DIPIERA)
rv. New or llttle-known Chane-flies from fien-mu-shan, Cheklang(contlnued)
By CRnnr,nsP. Aruxlxonn
Massaelwset'te
State College, Amhenfi, M astaehusetts.
Jn the preeeding part under this title I recorded sixteen speeiesof Tipulidae from Tien-mu-shan, &n isolated mountain in northern
Chekiang. The conclusion of the study, recording seventeenfurther
species,is presented in this paper and a brief account of the speeies
rs grven.
So many of the species in Mr. Suenson's 1gB7 collection fromllen-mu-shan proved to be undescribed that the data upon which thef-trllowing _summary is based &re scarcely suffieient to generalize upon
the distribution of hitherto described forms. It fi evident thatsdme of _!he species are endemic or have a very restrieted renge ineastern China. Still others have a vast range, being found nofonlyin eastern China but rangirig at least as far to the wlst as Szech*att.
A few additional forms are at present known only from eastern China
and Forrnosa. It seemsevident that the Himalayan-Chinese fauna
ineludes many speciesof Tipulidae that have reached the island of
Formosa and will be deteeted in the various mountains of eastern
China when more collecting is done. The follou'ing summary is self
explanatory.
1. Species occurring in Chekiang and in the main islands ofJapan but not in Formos& or in western China.
N ephrotoma flaaonota (Alexander).
Lirnoruia (Dieranomyia) pa.mmelas (Alexander).
2. Speciesknown from Formosa,and from eastern China but notfrom western china or the main Japanese islands.
C tenacrorceli,selaaipes Edwards.
Longurio (Longurio) lulaus Edwards.
Diera rwta ( Amnl opina) fu,mieostata Alexander.
3. species occurring in eastern and in western china.
T anyptera a.ntdca Alexander.
Tipcla (Yamatoti,pul,a) twbyamato Alexander.
N ephrotorna ni grostylata, Alexander.
Limon'ia (M etalirnnobia) aanthoptero,ides (Riedel).
Limon'ia (E ugloehina) d,ignitosa Llexander.
Elliptera jacoti, Alexan der.
4. Species at the present time known only from eastern Chioa.
P rclliophora tnnt hopimplina, End,erlein.
Tipula (Acut,ipula) luteinotalis Alexander.

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Tipula (Oreontyzo) sarionis Alexander.
a A lexander.
H eoatoma (H eratoma) k'inng s'i,an
5. Very wide-spread species,ranging from the Himalayan region
to eastern China or beyond.
? ipul,a (Y amatot'i,7tula)no ue,Walker.
Antocha (Antoeha) indiea Brunetti.
Fifteen speciesin the present series of thirtl'-three proved to beundescr.ibedand are still known only from various altitudes on Tienmu-shan. It seemscertain that these specieswill be found on certain
rnountains in Chekiang, Anhwei, Fukien and Kiangsi.
Record of Speciesl?. Tanyptera antica Alexander
1938. Tanypteraantica Alexander,Phil. Jour. Sci. 66 : 310-311.
One male, Tien-mu-shan,May 29, lg37 (Sucnson). Agrees closelywith the type male from western China except that ,Ps is considerably
longer, approaching the condition found in the subspeciesanticoides
Alexander, of the highest mountains of western Fukien. In thepresent speeimen,the distal half of the posterior tibiae is yellowish
irhite, conspicuouslypaler than the basal half. In a secondspecimen
from the same locality, taken by the Reverend llr'. Octave Piel, thiscondition is not shov-n and is evidently inconstant.
18. Pselliophora xanthopimplina EnderleinranthopimplinaEnderlein,Zool. Anzeig.522224(April
lg2l. PsellioTthorag, 1921).
Ann. I\[ag.Nat. Hist. (9\7:377
tluadritittataIlclrvards,
lg2l. Pselliophora(April 1921).
June 3-11.1937(,(rr271':ott).
One male, two females,Tierr-mu-shan,Enderlein's unique female type $as from Tsha-jiu-san, China,
collectedby Rudolf Emil Mell; I am not able to state the rnore exact
locality of this specimenbut other material taken by Mell was chiefly
taken in Kwangtung (fgOe-fSZO).Edwards' species \ras similarly
baseclon a unique female, found in the old Stevens collection. andinclicateclas being from north China. It seemsprobable that thisrvas actually'frorn eastern China rather than what is now generalll'
hrlcl to be n-ortheastelnChina. Which of the two nameswill be foundto have priority cannot be stated at this time. There is no essential
differencein eoloration betweenthe sexes.
19. Ctenacrosoelis clavipes Edwards
Edwards, Ann. I'Iag. ){at. Hist. (9)8:fll.
1921. Ctenauoscelisclao*ipes
T i en -mu -sh a n , Ju n e 7 , 1937 ( Su,en' son) ;1 male'T h e b l a ck fe mo ra l ti ps and enlar gecl tibial apices ar e' mor eextensive than in material from Formosa i'rut there is no doubt as tothe iclentitY.

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20. Tipula (Schummelia) quiris n.sp. (fig. 1, 10).
Belongsto the aariicornis group; general coloration yellow, thefiraescutum with four poorly indicated brown stripes, the intermeriiate pair separatedby a capillary black vitta; antennaebicolored;
wings with a brownish yellow tinge, restrictedly patterned withdarker, more heavily so in the female; male hypopygium with thecaudal margin of tergite produced into a conspicuous,compressedflattened, nedian blade; outer dististyle short and broad; innerdististyle with the beak sleuder; eighth sternite unarmed.
tr[a]e.-Length, about lO mm.; wing, 12 mm.
Fenmle.-Length, about 12-13mm. ; wing, ll-LZ mm.
Frontal prolongation of head obscureyellow to yellowish brown;llasus stout; palpi obscureyellowish brown to dark brown. Antennae
relatively long in male, short in female, bicolored; basal three segments yellow, succeedingsegmentswith blackened bases,the apicalportions yellow I outer segmentsmore uniformly darkened. Headbrownish grayr in the male with a brownish black cap'illary medianvitta extending from the summit of the low vertical tubercle to the
occiput; in female, the occiput immaculate or virtually so.
Pronoturu brown medially,the sidespaler. Mesonotalpraescutum
yellow with four poorly indicated llrown stripes. the intermediatepair separatedby a capillarl' black vitta on cephalicthird; seutal
lobesweakly darkened,the ruerlianregion restrictedlypale; scutellum
and mediotergite testaceous 1'cllou-. Pleura and pleurotergite
uniformly yellon-. Halteres clark brown. Legt with the coxae andtrochanters yellow ; femora obscureyellow to brownish yellow; tibiae
somewhatdarker brown; tarsi dark brown. Wings (fig. 1) with a

Fi8. l, Tipula (9chr_nncliol quirit D. BD.rvenation; flg. e, Nephrocone nedioprod.ucta
nip., venrtion; flg. l, Doliehopeza(Nceopezallctcocncni, n.sp. venstion; flg.4, Do[iehopcza(Nctopczal ineioaralit n.sp., venation; fiC. 6, Eel,iue (Eel,iuel ticnnacrrlo tr.BD.r
venrtion; fig. 6,
E pi phrog n a ( Ep i phrag mal co onatecnr n.si., venetion.

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brownish yellow tinge, elearer yellow in the costal region i stigma
conspicuous,brown; in male, remainder of wing surface scarcely
patterned or. with barely -evidentdark seamsalong veins Cu and rn-eu;
in female, this latter dark pattern broad and conspicuous,withfurther diffuse but extensivebrown washeson either side o.[ the cord;
obliterative areas across cell 1st 1I, relatively conspicuous; veinsbrown, nore yellowishin the preareular and costalfields. Venation:
8c, entering R42 at near two-thirds the length of Es, the latter
subequalto or shorter than rn-cu; cell Isl JI, of moderatelength;nt-eu
somedistance before fork of M,a,.
Abdominal tergites obscure brownish yellow, the caudal andIateral borders of the segmentsbroadly brown, more difiuse in themale; sternitesmore uniformly yellow; hl'popygiumyellow. Ovipositor with eerci v.ery slender and straight. Male hypopygium (fig. f0)
with the caudal margin of tergite, gt, produced into a conspicuous
median blade; vieu'ed from above, this blade
compressed-flattenedwidest beforemidlength, thencegradually narroweclto an aeutepoint,
the surfacewith microscopiesetulae. Outer clististyle,od,,relatively
short, and broad, pale throughout. fnner distist;'le. id, with thebeak slender, blackenecl,the blade high. Eighth sternite, 8s,
unarmed. Aedeagusu'ith the tip deeurvecl.
Holotype, 6, Tien-mu-shan,altitude 10b0meters, June 25, L937
(Suenson). Allotopotllpe, 9. Paratopotypes,2 a 9.
The nearest ally of the present fly is the Japanese Ti,ptrn('9chummelia),imulicolo Alexander. It difiers markedly in coloration
and, especially,in the strueture of the male hypopygiurn.
21. Tipula (Yamatotipula) subyamata Alexancler
Alerander, Phil. Jour. Sci.52 :1361936. Tipula (Indotipula)Eubryamatn
137.
Tien-mu-shan, May 29-June lO. 1937(,\ucrr.*on). Ilitherto known
from Szechwan,western China. I had earlier (Phil. Jour. Sci. 17:113, 1935) referred those species allied to Tip^cla yanzata tn the subgenus Ind,otiTnila Edwards, based ehiefly on the reduction in thetibial spurs. The structure of the male hypopygium is more nearly
as in Tamnt.otiputraMatsumura and f am now referring the members
c,f this partieular subgroup to this latter subgenus.
22, Tipula (Yamatotipula) nova Walker
1848. Tipala nooaWalker, List Dipt. Brit. Mus. | :71.
Tien-mu-shan, June I, 1937(Suenson).
23. fipula (Acutipula) lutelnotalis Alexander
1940. Tipula (Acuti.pula)luteinolalisAlexander,Phil. Jour. Sci. (in press\.
Tien-mu-shan, Mty 21, 1937 (Suens,'n). El-"en-here from thehighest mountains of western Fukien.

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Aletanrher: 7'ipulidae ol L'hina

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24. Tipula (Oreomyza) savionis Alexander
1937. Tipula (Oreornyza)sat:ionfsAlexander,Notes d'Ent. Chinoise,Mus.
Heude,a(l) :13-15.
Tien-mu-shan, May 19, 1937 (,9uenson), I male: altitude 1050
n:eters, June 25, 1937(Su,en.s,tn),
2 females.
In this species,the antelior femora are intense black, exceptingat their extreme bases, the color contrasting conspicuously with theyellow tibiae; middle and hind femora yellow, with broadly blackened
tips. In the fernale. the antennae are shorter than in the male andare pale yellow throughout.
25. Nephrotoma flavonota (Alexander)
191{. PachyrhinaflaoonotaAlexander,Can. Ent. 46:158-159.
Tien-mu-shan, Muy 24-June 11, 1937 (Suenson); 4 males andfemales.
26. Nephrotoma medioproducta n.sp. (fig. 2, 7)
Belongs to the palloris group; general coloration sulphrrr-yellow,
variegated with darker; antennae (male) relatively long, flagellar
segmentsbeyond the first black; head orange, occipital brand virtually
laeking: praescutum with three liver-brown stripes, mediotergite palepatternetl with brown, including
in eentral portion; wings yellow,'tergites
the wing tip; abdominal.vellorr, heavil;' trivittate withblack: male hypopygium with the tergite eonspieuously produeed
roedially; outer dististyle long-attenuate: inner dististyle with a highdorsal erest ; gonapoph.vseswith apices pale. densely setulose; eighth
gternite uniformly black, unarmed.
Male.-Length, about l0 mm.; wing, 11.5 mm.; antenna, about
5 mm.
Fronbal prolongation of head dull yellow, with a more polishedarea on dorsum; nasus conspicuous; palpi dark brown, the terminal
segment broadly paler on central portion. Antennae relatively long;
basal three segments yellow. remainder of flagellum black; scapeshort; flagellar segrnentrnoderately incised, exceeding the verticils in
length. Head orange; oeeipital brand very much reduced in size andscarcely evident against the ground; vertical tuberele entire.
Pronotum sulphur yellou', a trifle darker medially, the sides palehrown. Mesonotal prae-ccuturn with the ground eolor brownish
yellow, with three more liver brown stripes, the surface polished;lateral stripes a trifle outcurved at anterior ends but not difrerentiated in color; lateral margins of praercutum and the dorsopleural
membrane sulphur yellow I scutum with median area yellow, each lobe
chiefly covered by liver brown areas; scutellum testaceousyellow, theextleme base brighter yellow; mediotergite yellow in central portion,
the posterior and lateral margins more reddish brown. Pleura andpleurotergite light sulphur yello'w, variegated with reddish brownareas, involving the anepisternum, ventral sternopleurite, ventral

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meron and ventral pleurotergite. Halteres brown. Legs with the
eox&e and trochanters reddish brown I femora brownish yellow, thet'ips narrowly and inconspicuously brownish black; tibiae medium
brown, the tips not or scarcely darker; tarsi passing through brown
tc, black. Wings (fig. z) with the ground color strongly yellow, theprearcular field and cell ,Sc more saturated yellou-; eell C morebrownish yellow; stigma dark brown, with about 15 to 16 trichia;
wing tip narrowly but conspicuously infuscated; a nan'ow brownee&m along cord I veins beyond cord very insensibly seamed withbrown I veins dark brown, yellow in the brightened areas. Venation:
8c, ending at origin of .Bs, ,9c, preserved as a spur; eell J/, shortpetiolate ; m-cu at fork of. lt.
Abdominal tergites yellow, trivittate with black, the stripesinterrupted on basal ring, widened behind; on outer segmentsthe
median &re&sform broad triangles; eighth sternite uniformly black;sternites yellow, the margins black, more extensive and conspicuous
on outer segments. Male hypopygium with the tergite (fig. 7, et)eonspicuously produced medially into a. broadly tliangular lobe;
lateral spines lying more ventrad than remainder ot' tergal surface.
Margin of basistyle ventrad of the dististyles rvith a heavily blackened
Iobe. Outer dististyle, rtd, long attcl nal'r'o\l', the distal third
attenuated. Inner dististyle, id, with a high dorsal sail-like crest,
the posterior border of which is e,oarselytoothed: apical beak slender.
Gonapophyses,g, subequal in length to the aedeagus,angularly bent
beyond midlength, the apex pale, membranous, provided with
abundant microscopic setulae. Apex of penis divided into threeextremely long, setoid rods. Eighth sternite unarmed. Nintlt
sternite near base rvith a srnall finger-like median iobe, diret'ted
ventrad.
H o l , o t y p e ,d , T i e n - m u - s h a t tJ, u t t e l l , 1 9 3 7( , St t n t s r l l t ) .
Nephrotoma merliotrtrodtrctais very difrerent t't'otn allied species
an evidently
that have been referred to the so-called pllori..group,,artificial aggregation of forms that egree chiefly in the pale central
region of t6e mediotergite. The present fly is well distinguished fromth; most similar species, as N. bilusca Alexander, N. sinensis(Edwards) and f . sQlaeantha Alexander, by the very distinct malehypopygium.
g7. Nephrotoma nigrostylata Alexanderlg3b. NephrotomanigrostglalaAlexander,Phil. Jour. Sci. 57 :201'206.
lroth sexes.
Tien-mu-shan, M"y 28, 193?(Su,en,son);five specirnert-*.
.Widely
distributed in China, chiefly at low altitudes
28. Dolichopeze (NesoDeza) leucocnemis n.sp. (fiS. 3, 8)
Allied to albitibia; general coloration pale brown to testaceousbrown I antenqae (male) elongate, nearly one-half the length of body,
flagellum yellow; knobs of halteres dark hrown; femora yell<-rwish

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Alenander: I'ipulidae ol Chtna

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white, the tips narrowly but conspicuously brownish black; tibiae andtarsi uniformly snowy white; wings with a strong brown tinge, theprearuular field, costal margin and wing tip even darker brown;
rtigpa dark brown, precedecl and followed by conspicuous whitish
areas; medial forks moclerately deep; basal abdominal segments
brorvn, ringed basally ancl meclially with pale I outer segments more
uniformly blackened; male hypopygium with the tergite paueershaped, deeply notehed medially, the lateral lobes largo andeonspicuous.
Itale.-Length,
about 8-9 mm. ; wing, 8-9 mm. ; antenna, about
4 mm.
Fernale.-Length, about 10.5-11mm. ; wing, I mm.
Frontal prolongation of head testaceousyellow; basal segmentsof palpi pale, the outer segmentspassing to brownish black. Antennae(male) elongate, approximately one-half the entire body; scapebrown, remainder of organ very pale yellow or yellowish white;
flagellar segments long-cylindrieal, greatly exceeding the verticils in
length; pubeseenceof segments abundant but short, white. Headbrown, the front and narrow anterior orbits more reddish brown.
Pronotum brorvn. Mesonotal praescutum testaeeous,rrith threescarcely darker brownish stripes. in casesthe praescututn uniformly
pale brown; remainder of mesonc,turntestaceousbrown. Propleur&and mesepisternumdarkel lrrorvn tharr the mesepimeronand pleurotergite. Halteles rvith stem yellorv. knob clark brorvn. kgs witheoxqe dark liver brorvn. eontra,stingwith the pale yellow trochanters;
all femora yellor*'ish white, the tips narrorvly but abruptly andgen-spicuouslybrownish black; remainder of legs uniformly snowy
white. Wings (fig. 3) with a strong brown tinge, the prearcularfield, costal margin and wing tip even darker brown; stigma darkblown, preceded and followed by conspicuous 'whitish are&s, thefolmer including cell .8, and the adjoining cells cephalad of it;poststigmal hrightening smaller, appearing as a subbasal area in cell
Sc : veins brown. Venation : ,Sc, enteling ,R, at near three-fourths
the length of .Ps, the latter f rom (,rrc ard one-half to two times rn-cui
medial forks of moderate depth : nr crr about three-fifths to two-third.s
its length before fork of 11 ; cell ?nd, A relatively wide.
Abdomen brown, the more lrasal segments ringed with pale,,including basal and medial rings or, both the tergites and sternites;
cuter segments more uniformll' blackened; hypopygium reddi-"hbrown, relatively large. Male hypopygium (fig. 8) with the tergite.
gt, large and conspicuous, heavily blackened, with conspicuous,
cbliquely truncated, lateral lobes but with no median blade; a deep
L--shaped rnedian notch; lateral borders of tergite elevated rnto
ridges that ale produced cephalad and are provided with small
blaekened spines. Outer dististyle rnoderately flattened, pale ttrroughout. Inner dististyle, id, with the beak long-produced, the apex
narros-. Eighth sternite unarmed, the posterior border straight

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Holotype, 6, Tien-mu-shan, June 3, 1937 (Su,enson).Allotopotgpe, 9, June 6, 1937. Paratopotypes, 7 6 6 ? 9, May 24-June7, 1937.
Dolichopeza ("{esopeza,)leucocneneis
is very distinct from D,(N.)
tAlexander,
kulingensis
its closest described ally. The structure of
the male hypopygium, together with the pattern of the legs andwings, ofrer strong specific characters.
29. Dolichopeza (Nesopeza) incisuralis n.sp. (fig. a, 9)Allied to al,bitibia,' general coloration brownish Br&)-, thepraescutum with four slightly darker brown stripes; antennae(male)
relatively short, flagellum brow'r I femora dirty white, the tipr
narrowly darkenedl remainder of legs snowy white, the tips of thetibiae narrowly but conspicuously brownish black; posterior tibiae
with a vague subbasal dusky ring; wings strongly tinged with brown ;stigma darker brown, preceded and followed by creamy-white spots;
atrlomen dark brown, the basal rings of segments two to five pale;
male hypopygium relatively Iarge, the eighth sternite ploclucedventrad, its caudal margin with a linear rnedian incision; ninth
tergite trilobed, the rnedian blade projecting some clistaneebeyond
the level of caudal ends of the lateral lobes.
Male.-Length,
about 3.1-3.2mm.

about 8-8.5 lnm.; u-ing, 9-9.b mm. ; antennae,

tr'emnl,e.-Length, about 1O-r0.5mm.; wing, lO mm.
Frontal prolongation of head testaceousyellow; palpi brown.
Antennae (male) relatively short ; scape obscure yellow; pedicel
yellow to brownish yellow: basal flagellar segmentspale brov;n, tlte
outer segmentspassing into dark brown; flagellar segmentslongcylindrical, with short velticils. IIead gra;'i-*hbro*'n. the front andanterior orbits obscure yellow.
Pronotum brownish gray. Mesonotal pracscutum brownish
gray, with four slightly darker brown stripes; posterior sclerites ofiotum dark brown. Pleura uniformly dark brown, including thedorsopleural membrane, the sternopleurite not brightened. Ilalteresdusky, the base of stem restrictedly yellow, the knob d?$ brown.
the cox&e brown; trochanters y_ellow;femora dirty white
Legs-with-brownish
white, the tips narrowly and gradually darker hrown,
tothe amount subequal on all legs; tibiae snowy white, very narrowly
but conspicuouslytipped with brownish black; posterior tibiae witha very vague, scarcely evident, dusky ring just -beyond base; tarsi
Wings (fiS. A) with a strong brownish tinge, the costal*o*y-*hiL.
and apical portions not darker; stigma darker brown, precededandlollow-ed by creamy-white spotsI veins brown. Venation ; Rs about
one-third tb one-half longer than m,-cut,the latter about one-third its
leng$h before fork of. M; medial forks of moderate depth.
Abdomen dark brown, broadly ringed with obscure yellow, thelatter color oceupying the posterior portions of segmentstwo io five,I9, 2

Alenander: Ti'pu,lidaeol China

lgg

inclusiveI extremecaudal bordersof theselatter segmentsdarkened;outer segmentsuniformly brownish black. One male paratype has
the abdomen brown with additional pale areas on the basal rings.
Male hypopygium relatively large. Male hypopygium with theninth tergite (fig. 9) conspicuouslytrilobed, the median blade proje cting some distance beyond the caudal ends of the lateral lobes;
median lobe with a median ridge or line from which run numerous
delicate striae obliquely basad; lateral lobesbroad. Outer dististyle,od, somewhat dilated on basal balf, the epex obtuse. fnner dististyle, id,, cornpressed,
the apical beak slender, the apex narrow.
Eighth sternite, 8s, strongly produced ventrad into a protuberance,
the margin with a deep linear incision, forming two flattenedlobes.
Holotype, 6, Tien-mu-shan,May 21, 1937(,9uenson). Allotopotype, 9, pinned with type. Parutopotypes,6 d I , May 2O-2L,
1937.
Most similar to Dolichopeza (Nesopeza)kul,ingensisAlexander,of northern Kiangsi, China. The latter difiers in the coloration of
the body and legs and in the details of structure of the malehypopygium.
30. Limonia (Euglochins) dignitosa Alexander
1931. Limonia (Euglochina)dignitosaAlexander',Phil. Jour. Sci.44 :351.
Tien-rnu-shan,June 4-ll, 1937(Suenson); 3 males and females.
81. Eellus (Helius) tienmuanus n.sp. (fig. b, l1)
General coloration dark brown I rostrum about equal in lerrgth
to remainder of head I anterior vertex very nanow;
halteresbrou'nish black throughout; legs brown, the tarsi and tips of all
tihiae whitened; wings with a weak brown tinge, the costal regionand stigma a trifle darker; branches of .l?srather strongly divergent,eell ,P, at margin about one-third as extensive as cell .8, ; nx-cu about
one-thircl to one-fotrrth its lerrgth beyond fork of trI ; abdominal
tergites brorvnish black: male hypopygium with the outer dististyleshort, ver.v unequally biclentateat apex : gonapophysesappearing as
flattened blarles, at outer margin neal' base bearing a small pale
lobule or flange: aedeaguscoiled ir a short spiral.
Mule.-Length,

about 6 mm. ; rring, 6 mm. ; rostrum alone, 0.6

lnm.

Fr:nmle.--Length, about 7 mm. ; u'ing, G mm. I rostrum alone, 0.b
mnl.
Rostrum of moderate length, a,bout equal in length to remainderof heacl, black; palpi black. Antennae black throughout. Headdull blaek; anterior vertex very rtarrow.
Pronotum dark brown, the sides of scutellum yellow. Mesonotum
dark liver brown, the praescutum without stripes; scutellum morepruinose. Pleura dark brown. Halteres brownish black through-130

Lin,gnan Sciencetrownml

1940

out. Legs with the coxae and trochanters brownish black I fe.morabrown; tlbiae pale brown, the tips paling to whitish; tarsi white or
yellowish white. Wings (frg. l)with a weak bt'orvn tinge, eells C
and 8c, together with the stigma, a trifle darker brown ; veins brown.
Venation:- 8c, ending a short distance before fork of /ls,,Se, at its
tip; branehes of fis rather strongly divergent, cell !l' at marginabout one-third the extent of cell R"i r-n'L shorter than m; veins
issuing from cell lst LI" long; m-ct about one-third to one-forrrth its
length beyond the fork of II.
Abdominal tergites brownish black; sternites a little paler.
Ovipositor with t[e valves, especially the cerci, veII long aoq
slender. Male hypopygium (fig- 11) with the outer dististyle, od,short, very ,rttequaily bidentate at apex, the more basal tooth ver-ysmall. Inner disiistyie, 'id, much long€r, the apical third attenuated.
Gonapophyses,g, appearing as flattened pale blades, their apices
produced into u to"S slender point; outer margin neal'base beirringi, srnall pale lobule or flange. Aecleagus,a, coiled itr at short splral.
Hol,oty'pe,4 , Tien-nru-shan,Jtrtre 9, 1937 (,!rreri.;on). Allotopo't!/pe, '/, with the t)'pe.
Helius (Hetius) tienmuun.us is quite distinct from the othertegional species of the genus. It is generally sirnilar to H' (H')
clrikt,rensiolAlexander, oI Fot-otr, differing in the venation and in
the structure of the male hypopygium.
32. Epiphragma (Epiphragma) evanescens n.sp. (fig. 6)
General coloration clark blown, variegated rvith 1'ellc's, thethor.acic pleura heavily valiegated rvith .vellorvishrrhite anC darkbrown; fusiol segmentof flagellum orattge. irrvolling trr'o segmentsl
apex oi knob of f,alteres yellorv; icgs ;'ellorv, the iemora rvith e paleiiio*", subobsoletering before tipl wings rvhitish subhyaline, withu irruuy, chiefly ocelliform patterrr; /1,+,*. nearly straight, about inlongitudinal alignment with .Hs.
l'emal,e._lrength, about 11 mm.; wing, 9-10 rnm'
Rostrum dark; palpi black. Antennae rvith the seape ltt.l
pediceldark brownl fusion-segment orange, succee.clingfla,3ellar'seg,nents
l-rrownishblack; fusion-segrnentelongate,.eviclentll' forrned
segmentsthat are indicatecl by a constriction llut trot by aoit*osuture; vJrticils longer than the segments. Heacl 1-ellou'ishbrown,rnore or less variegatecl rvith darker.
Pronotum yellow. Ulesonotal praescutum chestnttt brown onanterior half ; posterior half yellorvish pollinose, variegated withfolr brown lines before suture, evidently iudicating the posterior
ends of the usual stripes : lateral p.raescutalborders brownish black;scutum reddish brown, the malgins of the lobes more yellcwish;
scutellum brownish yellow pollinose, l,arascutella dark lri'ownI

L9, 2

Al.r:rqn,der:Tipu,liloe ol China

131

mecliotergite with the entire clisk yellowrsh pollinose, the margins
and a median dash on cephalic half brown. Pleura yellowish white
pollinose, heavily patterned with brown, including the dorsopleuralrnembraneand areas on anepisternum, pteropleurite and dorsal andventral portions of pleurotergite; a more ventral darkening on lower
sternopleurite and melon. Halteres with stem yellow, base of knob
ciark brown, apex yellov'. Legs with the coxae brown, variegated atneal midlength rvith yellow; trochanters reddish yellow; lemora
yellow with a rlarrow, pale brown, subobsolete ring before thebroader yellorv tip; remainder of legs uniformly yellow. \Vings(fiS. 6) u'hitish subhyaline, with a heavy, chiefly ocelliform brown
Jrattern: ocelli with centers beyond arculus, at origin of .8.s,,alongeord. at outer end of cell r.sl )[, and fork of ]Vr+r; basal rings
eutirely separate from the lalger ones at cord by a complete palecrossband at midlength of Rt, thus including the supernumera,rycrossveinI brown areas solidly darkened; spotsat ends of veins Rrr,,
R, and .Rnsmall, the outer radial field thus chiefly pale; all longitudinal veins with dark marginal spots; stigma bicolored, dark brownadjoining vein .P,, the cephalic portion yellow; a major dark areaacrc)sseells Cu and lst A, ending at vein 2nd A, in direct transversealignnrent sith the ocellus at origin of ,P.*; two additional darkareas in eell 2nd A, the more basal axillarl- : veins 1'ellow,brown in
the patternecl areas. \renation : ,R.s angulated and spurred atorigin : F,*.,+, nearly straight, in virtual longitudinal alignment* i t h R r : n t - c u s t r o n g l l ' s i n n o u s .n e a r b a s a l p o r t i o n o f c e l l 7 s t M r .
Abdominal tergites brownish gray, variegated with darker
brown I sternites obscure yellow I outer segments more uniformly
darkened; cerci horn-color, slender, strongly upcurved to the acutetips.
II olot11pe,I , Tien-mu-shan, Chekiang, China, altitucle 10bO
meters.June 25, 1937(,\uenson). I'rtratypr:. ?, Wakayama, Honshiu,
J a p a r r . 1 9 2 8( , S a k a g u c h i ) .
Epiphre!/ntq (Epiphrogtrta) et'unrEc(
ns is sornewhatsimilar to
(
F
o
n
)
r
(
)
s
A
)
(
8
.
)
E.
n y n t p h i a nA l e x a n c l e r 'in rving pattern but hasthe
legs difierentll- patternecl. Convet'sel1'.
the l.g pattern is much as(rvestern
(E.)
in E.
suL.tolt.*rtlete
Alexander
China) but the antennae
pattelrr
atr<l s'irtg
ale quite distinct. I am referring the Japanese
specimen to this species as a paratype since it agrees in allimportant features.
3ri|.Hexatoma (Hexatoma) kiangsiana Alexander
19.i7. llcratoma (Heratoma) kiangsiana .Llexander, Notes d'Ent. Chinoise,Mus. Ileude, 4 (5) :77-78.
Tien-rnu-sltatt, llay

2l-June6, 1937 (,\uenson);

12 males andfemales. Described from a single male taken al Kuling, northern
Kiangsi, July 7, 1935,by the Reverend Mr. Oetave Piel.

Lingnan Seiencetroumal

132

1940

+ E i l J c sf l 2 f f i n G E f r H )rv. ffiux'f fi trJsryE*SE ffi#'zffifr
EE rt lX t( #(ff, s)tr'ilXtil2Jc|{+'Lmt fiH suenson*'f/:--h.46, frl[x_fiH, &n+#fit#o fiftqng'refrJlff.+#trZJcg+ElH f,fi&fi o ftEtrfn#H

qwiris,? Tipula (Schum,mcl'ia)

Dol,iehopeza(f esoTteza)l,eucocnemis,l{ ephrotorna med,ioprod,ucta,
D. (ff.) inci.suralis, Hetius (H.) tienmuanus,& Epiphragma(8.) ea&nescens.

Explanation of Plate
Fig. 7. Nephrotomarnedioproductan. sP., male hypopygium, details.
n. sp., male hypopygium,details.
Ieucocnemis
8. Dolichopeza(I'{esopeza)
g. Dolichopeza (Nesopeza)incisura/d"*
detailr.
n. sp., male h1-popygium,
10. Tipula (S.chummeliolquiris u. sp., male hypop;'giurn,details.
11. Eclius (Helius) tienrnuanucn. sP., male hypopygium.
b-, basistyle;.9, gonapophyais;of symbols:, o, aedeaqus-;(Erplanation'a, sternite; t, tergite.)dististyle;id, inner distiityle i od, outerLrlro. Scr. Joun. Yor.. 19, No. 2[Ar.rxexpnn] Pr.,am8

7..F