IINDESCRIBED SPECIES OT JAPANESE CRANE-FIIES(DIPTERA: TIPI'LIDAE)PART VUI

By
CHARLES P. ALEXANDER

Reprinted from
ANNALS OF THE ENTOMOLOGICAL SOCIETY OF AMERICA
Vol. {8. No.5, SePtember'1965t

UNDESCRIBED SPECIES OF JAPANESE CRANE-FLIESI(DIPTERA: TIPIILIDAE)PART VIIICHARLES P. ALEXANDER
University of Massachusetts,Amherst, Massachusetts

The preceding part of this series of papers was
published in the Annals of the EntomologicalSociety of America, 43: 418-436, 1950. The
species discussed at this time were taken invarious parts of Honshu and Kyushu by several
friends and colleagues to whom my sincere
thanks are extended for the privilege of retaining
the types of the novelties in mv private collectionof these flies. Materials from Kyushu were
- taken by Messrs. Issiki and Ito; from Honshu,
by Messrs. Fukuhara, Haruta, Hasegawa, Inoue,and Ito.
Genus Tanyptera Latreille
Tanyptera brevipecten n. sp.
Size medium (wing, male, about 12 mm.);general coloration black, the basal abdominaltAccepted for publication March 1, 1054.

segments extensively yellow; antennal flagellum
with the unpaired branch relatively short;
femora yellow, the tips very narrowly black;wings with vein Rr*z oblique to suberect; malehypopygium with the outer dististyle relatively
large, narrowed gradually into an acute blackened
sprne.
Male.-Length, about l4-I5 mm.; wing, 12I2.5 mm.; antenna, about 4.0-4.1 mm.
Frontal prolongation of head and palpi black.
Antennal scapebrownish black, pedicel and flagellum paler, brown to yellowish brown, the branches
darker; longest branches nearly three times thesegments, the outer unpaired one much shorter,
less than the segment itself ; first flagellar segmentwith a short simple branch, segments two to ten,inclusive. with paired basal branches: terminal
segmentsimple.
Head black. Thorax black, the praescutum364

1e551

Alexander:

New Japanese Cranefl,ies

365

and scutum more polished; dorsopleural mem- pleura lighter gray; dorsopleural membrane rebrane obscureyellow. Halteres with stem dusky, strictedly obscure yellow. Halteres brown, theknob yellow. Legs with the coxae black; knob dark brown. Legs with the coxae gray;trochanters obscure yellow; femora -vellow, the trochanters brownish gray; remainder of legs
tips very narrowly black; tibiae and basitarsi dark brown to brownish black. Wings (Fig. 2)
obscureyellow, the tips very nanowly darkened; with the restricted ground yellow, most evident
remaining tarsal segments more uniformly dark in cells C and Sc; most of remainder of surface
brown. Wings (Fig. 1) with a weak brownish infuscated,appearingas central streaksin cells R
tinge, the prearcular and costal fields a little and M, most of cells Cu and Anals, and as broad
more yellowed; stigma oval, dark brown; a paler seams to the veins beyond cord, involving thebrown cloud over the anterior cord; veins brown- entire wing tip; stigma oval, dark brown, conish black. Venation: Rr+z oblique to suberect, spicuous, preceded and followed by extensive
cell Scz small to very small; petiole of cell Mr whitened areas; natrow darker brown seams at
from one to one and one-half times m; basal anterior cord, less evident but distinct on theposterior cord; veins dark brown, paler in thesection of vein Mn relatively long, erect.
First abdominal tergite and base of second costal field. Abundant macrotrichia in centers
black; succeedingtergites yellow, with a broad of cells beyond cord (indicated in drawing byconspicuousblack central stripe, the outer seg- stippling), extending from cells Rz to Cu, inments uniformly black; basal sternites yellow. clusive. Venation: R. short, about one-half Rz+r,
Male hypopygium with the posterior border of R1.r2preserved;r-m verv strongl-Varcuated basad;
tergite very gently emarginate. Outer dististyle petiole of cell M1 nearly twice m; cell lst Mz
relatively large, narrowed gradually into an relatively narrow, parallel-sided or virtually so;acute blackenedspine; inner dististyle about two- basal sectionsof veins M1..2and M31asubequal.
Abdominal tergites chiefly dark brown, thethirds as long, more or less parallel-sided.
sternites dimidiate, brown basally, the posterior
Habitat: Japan (Kyushu). Holotype: d,Naidaizin, altitude 700 meters, May 25, 1952 parts broadly testaceousyellow, on the sixth and(Issiki-Ito). Paratype: d, Kunimidake,altitude succeedingsegmentsmore uniformly darkened;
cerci and hypovalvae fulvous horn color. Ovi1200meters May 24, 1952(Issiki-Ito).
Tanyptera breaipectenis most nearly allied to positor with cerci small and weak but slender,
pointed at tips.
speciessuch as T. angustistylaAlexanderand l.
perangustaAlexander, both of which are smaller
Habitat: Japan (Kyushu). Holotype: I , Naidaizin,
altitude (i00 meters, May 23, 1952
forms with the structure of the male h1'pop-vgium,
particularly the outer dististyle, quite distinct. (Issiki-Ito).
This interesting fly is named for Professor
Syusiro Ito, distinguishedstudent of the JapaneseGenus Macgregoromyia Alexander
Diptera. Despite the aberrant characters ofMacgregoromyia syusiro n. sp.
the strong retention of vein R1a2and the presence
General coloration dark plumbeous gray; an- of abundant macrotrichia in the wing cells, I am
tennae and legs brownish black; wings with the referring this fly to Macgregoromyio,from all
restricted ground yellow, most of the surface suf- other known speciesof which it differs in the two
fused with darker; stigma and narrow seamsover points indicated. The only other generic asthe cord dark brown; abundant macrotrichia in signment possible would seem to be in theouter cells of wing; vein Rr+z preserved: r-m subgenus Mitopeza Edwards of the genas Dolivery strongly arcuated basad; abdomen dark chopezaCurtis, but here, too, the charactersarebrown, the basal sternites dimidiate, brown, the quite discordant. The discover.vof the male sex
apices broadly testaceous yellow; ovipositor might throw some further light on this question.
with the cerci small and slender.
Macgregoromyia itoi n. sp.
Female.-Length,about9.5mm.;wing, 11mm.;
Generalcoloration dark brown, the praescutum
antenna, about 2 mm.
gray,vaguely
striped with darker; antennae short;
nasus
Frontal prolongation of head dark
black, the femoral basesrestrictedly
legsbrownishbrownishblack,
palpi
Antennae
black.
distinct;
the scapeand pedicela trifle paler, l2-segmented; brightened; wings grayish subhyaline,cells C andflagellar segmentsnot enlarged basally, the in- Sc brown; stigma and a narrow seam over thetermediate ones subequalto the verticils. Front anterior cord darker brown; R" short, transverse;
and anterior vertex light gray, posterior vertex cell lst Mz small, about as long as the petiole ofdark grayish brown; no vertical tubercle; an- cell Mr;male hypopl'gium with the margins of theterior vertex broad, approximately seven or lobes of the tergites slightly produced; innerdististyle with its posterior border strongly coneight times the diameter of the scape.
almostvex, the caplike apex produced backward; beak
Mesonotum
Pronotum dark brown.
praescutum
with
with
a low chitinized flange on side.
plumbeous,thedarkuniformly
Male.-Length, about 9 mm.;wing, 11.3mm.;vague indications of a darker median brown line
on anterior half ; scutellum, postnotum and antenna, about 3.2 mm.

366

Annals Entomological.Society of America[Vol. 48

Frontal prolongation of head relatively short, from the Philippines to the Malay Peninsula, as
about one-half the remainder, buffy above, in- far west as Szechwan, China. The various
cluding the distinct nasus, dark brown on sides; species are readily told among themselves bypalpi with basal two segmentsblack, the outer the details of venation and structure of the male
two brown. Antennae with scape and pedicel hypopygium.
testaceous yellow, flagellum brownish black;segments elongate-cylindrical, with very poorly
Genus Nephrotoma Meigen
developed basal tubercles; verticils very short,
Nephrotoma akitae n. sp.
less than the diameter of the segment at the
point of their insertion. Head brownish black,
Size relatively large (wing about 15 mm.);sparsely pruinose, more heavily and conspicu- generalcoloration yellow contrastedwith polishedously so on the anterior vertex; front light gray; black or blue-black areas, including three praeanterior vertex broad, nearly six times the diam- scutal stripes; male antennae with the flagellar
segments strongly incised; occipital brand very
eter of the scape; vertical tubercle lacking.
pruinosemorelaterally.
large, subquadrate in outline; scutellum testaPronotum brown,
Mesonotum chiefly dark brown, the praescutum ceous yellow, mediotergite yellow, its posterior
with vague indications of stripes, the median border narrowly darkened; abdominal tergites
one narrowly bordered by darker and divided by yellow with an almost entire median black stripe,a similar capillary vitta; lateral praescutal segments seven to nine, inclusive, black; oviborders pruinose; posterior sclerites of notum positor with the cerci and hypovalvae short anddark brown. Pleura chiefly brownish gray, the subfleshy;male hypopygium with the beak of theventral propleura, sternopleurite and meron inner dististyle very long; ninth sternite with adarker brown; dorsopleural membrane more conspicuousmedian appendage that is clothedbuffy. Halteres elongate, stem yellow, clearer with long reddish setae;gonapophysismicroscopibasally, knob brownish black. Legs with the cally setuliferous.
Male.-Length, about 15 mm.; wing, 14.5mm.;
coxae pale brown; trochanters yellow; remainderof legs brownish black, the femoral bases re- antenna, about 5 mm.
strictedly yellow; claws long and slender,simple.
Fentale.-Length, about 16 mm.; wing, 15 mm.
Wings grayish subhyaline, cells C and Sc brown;
Frontal prolongation of head yellow, the apex
stigma and a narrow seam over the anterior cord darkened medially above, including the nasus;
dark brown, posterior cord more narrowlv basal segment of palpus dark brown, the second
darkened; outei radial field and wing margin and third segments brownish yellow, terminalvaguely infuscated; veins brownish black. \Iena- segmentblack. Antennae (male) relatively long,tion: R" short, transverse,about one-half longer as shown by the measurements;scape brownish
than the basal sectionof Ra15icell lst Mz small, yellow, pedicel dark brown, flagellum black; flagabout as long as the petiole of cell Mr.
ellar segmentsstrongly incised,the outer node ofAbdominal tergites black, sternites brownish each segment larger than the basal one. In theyellow, their bases blackened; outer segments, female, antennae shorter, the flagellar segments
including hypopygium, blackened. Male h-vpo- very feebly incised. Head yellow; occipital
pygium with the tergite large, the lobes broad, brand very large, subquadrate in outline, its
their outer lateral margins slightly more pro- anterior border truncate or virtually so.
duced, glabrous; remainder of lobes with dense
Pronotum light yellow medially, the propleuraerect setulae and scattered relatively small black. Mesonotal praescutum yellow with threesetae; median region of tergal notch farther polished blue-black stripes that are vaguely
produced into a semicircular blade. Outer dis- bordered by more velvety black, including thetistyle darkened, about four times as long as cephalic border of the median stripe and abroad, the tip obtuse. Inner dististyle with the larger spot opposite the anterior end of theposterior border strongly convex, the caplike lateral stripe, this not reaching the margin,apex produced backward, the beak longer, with a median praescutal stripe reaching the suture below chitinized flange back from the tip.
hind; lateral ends of suture blackened, the color
Habitat: Japan (Kyushu). Holotype: d,continued cephalad along the extreme lateral
Udonno, altitude 200-250 meters, Mav 15, 1952
(Issiki-Ito).
op PI-lrB
I am pleased to name this interesting fly forProfessorSyusiro Ito, student of the Japanese lto.l.
Diptera, particularly the Empididae a'.r.i.T.,rFi3: 3:
petidae. The most nearly allied species is i;;:;.
Macgregoromyiashikokuana Alexander, of Shikoku, Japan. As has been discussedelsewhere,the Frc. 5.
discovery of members of the genus in southern rI(;'
Err o'
r
Japan cime as a surprise, the hitherto described
forms occurring in easternand southeasternAsia,Prnrs I

New JapaneseCraneflies
Crunr,rs P. Ar,Bx,cwopn

4

6
367

368

Annals Entomological Society of Ameruca[Vol.48

border to nearly opposite the anterior end of the Yuze, Akita, altitude 250 meters, June 22, lg57
lateral stripe; centers of scutal lobes polished (Issiki-Ito). Allotopotype: 9 , pinned with theleaden black, the remainder of scutum yellow; type.
In its general appearance the present fly isscutellum testaceous yellow; mediotergite yellow,
the posterior border narrowly darkened, pleuro- most like Nephrotoma ozenumensis Alexander,
tergite dusky, the katapleurotergite extensively differing in all details of coloration, especially ofyellow. Pleura yellow, contrastedly patterned the head and mesonotum. The hypopygial
with black, including the ventral anepisternum, structure marks the present flv as verv distinct.
ventral sternopleurite, ventral meron and along
the mesopleural suture; dorsopleural membrane
Genus Tipula Linnaeus
extensively pale yellow. Halteres obscure brown(Indotipula) itoana n.sp.
Tipulaish yellow. Legs with the coxae blackened
General coloration of mesonotum orange, thebasally, more extensively so on fore legs wheremore than the basal half is included, on the other pleura more whitened; head dark gray above, withcoxae only the bases darkened, the setae abund- a capillary dark brown line; wings brownish yelant, pale; trochanters yellow; fore femora chiefly low, the prearcular and costal fields clearer
black, the basal two-fifths brownish yellow; re- yellow, stigrra yellow; basal abdominal tergites
maining femora brownish yellow with approxi- yellow, the outer ones darker with narrow pale
mately the outer sixth blackened; tibiae brown, borders, sternites yellow; male hypopygium withthe tips broadly black; tarsi black; claws ap- the tergite produced medially into a pair ofparently simple. Wings with the ground color strong curved hooks, their mesal faces withyellowed, the prearcular and costal regions abundant spines; outer distist-vle a large broadly
clearer; wing tip and anterior cord narrowly flattened blade that bears a slender lobe on
darkened;stigma oval, darker brown, with trichia. outer margin; inner dististyle with its outer\,'enation: R" oblique, fully twice the basal basal lobe elongate; aedeagus needle-like, thesection of Ra+si cell Mr broadly sessile;m-cu at gonapophyses approximately as long and only alittle stouter, their tips narrowly obtuse; eighthfork of vein Mn.
Abdominal tergites yellow with an only slightly sternite with the posterior border scarcely
broken mid-dorsal black stripe, intemrpted at emarginate, the midregion of the posterior borderthe cephalic borders of the individual segments; with a dense group of erect yellow setae.
Male.-Length, about 15-16 mm.; wing, 18.5basal sternites 1'ellow; segments seven to nine,
inclusive, black. Ovipositor with the cerci short, 19 mm.; antenna, about 3.8-3.9 mm.
Female.-Length, about 23 mm.; wing, 20
somewhat as in esakii; hypovalvae with the termm.; antenna, about 3.8 mm.
minal part very short, bent strongly ventrad.
Frontal prolongation of head yellow, relatively
Male hypopygium (Fig. 3) with the ninth tergite.
91, transverse, narrowed orttwardly, terminating
short, less than the remainder of head, nasus
the terminalin two triangular lobes, their apices obliquely elongate; palpi brownish -"-e11ow,
truncated, densely spiculose; flange of ventral segment a trifle darker. Antennae relatively
short, subequal in both sexes; scape and pedicel
surface with unusually abundant spicules, jutting
yellow, first flagellar segn ent brownish yellow,
caudad on either side as a small lobe. Nintht
medianappendage,
rernaining
segments dark brown, feebly incised
sternite, s, with a conspicuous
carinate beneath, densely provided with long in male, the longest verticils slightly exceeding
reddish setae. Outer dististyle moderately long, the segments. Head above dark gray, with a
its length about 3.5 times its greatest width. capillary dark brown rnedian vitta, the very short
Inner dististyle, d, with the beak unusually long front and space surrounding the antennal fossae
and slender, nearly straight; lower beak lacking; yellowed; no vertical tubercle; head beneathno dorsal crest but with a low rounded knob more ochreous.
Pronotum light reddish brown. Mesonotum
opposite the base of beak; posterior crest blackened and strongly armed with spinous points. chiefly orange, the lateral praescutal borders
Gonapophysis,g, shorter than the broad aedeagus, whitened, mediotergite more yellowed. Pleuraappearing as a slightly elongate blade, the surface and plet rotergite whitened. Halteres infuscated,
the knob rrore heavily so, the base of stem narmicroscopically setulose, apex rounded. Eighthsternite, ,eJ, l'ery large and sheathing, longer rowly 1'ellorn-ed. Legs with the coxae whitened;
than broad, widest opposite midlength, thence trochanters 1'e11ow;femora and tibiae obscurenarrowed, the posterior border produced into 1'ellow, narrowly infuscated at tips; tarsi darkbrown: slur-formula 0-l-2; claws (male) bitwo low lobes, their ventral-mesal face withthree or four tubercles, the lobes with dense dentate, the outer spine longer and more conrelatively short 1'ellow setae; median region for spicuous than the basal one. Wings brownish
nearly one-half the length with shield-shaped ]'e11ow,the prearcular and costal fields clearer
membranous area that bears nulrerous strong -vellow; cell Sc deeper yellow; stigma yellow, its
outer end narrowly more darkened; veins brown,
setae.
(Honshu).
more brownish yellow in the more brightened
Holotype:&,
Hobitat:Japan

1e551

Alexander:

New Japanese Cranefl,ies

fields. No squamal setae; trichia of outer
medial veins sparse, virtually restricted to outerhalf of vein Mr; vein Raaswith abundant trichia,
more crowded outwardly. Venation: Ru about
one-third longer than r-m; cell lst Mz longpentagonal, m and petiole of cell M1 subequal;m-cu on Ma just beyond origin; cell 2nd A relatively narrow.
Basal abdominal tergite yellowed, the posterior
half of the second and the succeeding ones darker,
the borders narrowly and inconspicuously pale,
the lateral margins becoming broader on theouter segments; sternites yellow; hypopygium,including the large outer dististyle, brownish
yellow. Ovipositor with the cerci straight, slender;
hlpovaivae long, appearing as compressedblades.
Male hypopygium (Fig. 4) with the suture
separating the ninth tergite and sternite complete except at cephalic end. Ninth tergite,
9t, tenninating in two powerful blackened hooks
that are directed dorsad and slightly caudad,the outer half or less slightly decurved; mesal
faces of the hooks with a group of erect black
spinous setae; base of hooks on either side produced into a low shoulder. Ninth sternite witha small median knob or tubercle. Outer dististyle, d, a large broadly flattened blade, thelower apical region farther produced into aslender lobe that is fringed along margin with
dense erect setae, near outer end of the expanded blade with an extensive whitened area.
Inner dististyle, d, with the beak stout, lower
beak obtusely rounded at tip; outer basal lobe astrong outwardly directed arm, at apex more
expanded, as shown; region of the dorsal crest
bearing a row of about 20 strong bristles, thelongest being at the inner end of the row, becoming progressively shorter outwardly. Phallosome consisting of the long very slender acicularaedeagus,o, and the almost as slender subtending
apophyses, g, the tips of the latter narrowly
obtuse. Eighth sternite, ,Qs, only moderatelv
sheathing, the posterior border scarcelv emarginate; immediately back from the border, themidregion with a dense group of erect 1'ellow
setae.
Habitat: Japan (Honshu).
Holotype:d,Yatsugatake, Shinano, altitude 1250 meters,
August 9, 1949 (Ito). Allotopot^vpe: g . Paratopotype: &.
This is another of the interesting novelties
discovered by Professor Syusiro Ito and which I
am pleased to name in his honor. The nearest
ally is Tipula (Indotipula) yamata Alexander, inwhich the male hypopygium is entirelv distinct
in structure.
Tipula (Oreomyza) harutai n.sp.
Allied to yusou; general coloration gray, thepraescutum with four slightly more infuscatedstripes that are bordered by dark brown; no369

nasus; basal two antennal segments yellow, thescape narrowly darkened at base, flagellum black,the segments rather strongly incised; femora
obscure yellow, the tips black; wings whitened,
the base and costal region more yellowed; aconspicuous clouded pale brownish gray patternwith darker areas at stigma, anterior cord and overthe bases of cells R and M: basal abdominal
segments yellow, the outer ones blackened;male hypopygium large and conspicuous; ninth
tergite with the median region of posteriorborder produced into a plate, each lateral angle
extended into a sharp spine; aedeagus verylarge and conspicuous, blackened; eighth sternite
with the posterior border truncate, the lateralangles produced into conspicuous lobes, theentire border with long yellow setae.
Male.-Length, about 13-14 mm.; wing, 1617 mm.: antenna, about 5 mm.
Frontal prolongation of head brownish black,pruinose at base, without nasus; palpi black.
Antennae with scape obscure yellow, more orless darkened at base; pedicei yellow; flagellum
black, the segments rather strongly incised,somewhat more strongly so in the paratype;segments about equal in length to the longest
verticils. Head gray, darker on the genae;
vertical tubercle conspicuous, weakly biolobed.
Pronotum gray, darkened medially. Mesonotal praescutum brownish gray, with four slightly
more infuscated stripes that are narrowly margined with dark brown, the anterior ends of theborders of the intermediate stripes becoming
obsolete in front, the outer borders of the lateralpair similarlv obliterated behind; central dark
stripe very conspicuous; posterior sclerites ofnotum gray, the scutal lobes each with two
brown areas; katapleurotergite light gray. Pleura
dark gray, variegated with paler gray across thedorsal sternopleurite and lower pteropleurite.
Halteres pale, the base of knob a trifle darker.
Legs with the coxae light gray; trochanters obscure vellow; femora obscure yellow, the tips
rather broadly and conspicuously blackened,
the amount subequal on all legs; tibiae black, a
trifle more brightened basally; tarsi black; claws(male) toothed. Wings with the ground color
whitened, the prearcular and costal fields lightyellow; a conspicuous clouded pale brownish
gray pattern, most evident in the outer andposterior cells, basad of cord appearing as longitudinal areas in the centers of cells R and M;
stigma and a confluent se€rln over the anterior
cord dark brown; a small but conspicuous darkbrown postarcular area in cells R and M; bothends of cell 2nd A conspicuously whitened;veins dark brown, yellow in the flavous areas.
Venation: R, and Rs subequal; cell lst Mz
small, pentagonal in outline; petiole of cell Mr a
trifle longer than m; m-cu close to fork of M.
Abdomen with basal tergites obscure yellow,
with a vague brown sublateral stripe, most

370

Annals Entomolog'icalSocietyof Amer'ica[Vol. 48

distinct at base; outer four segmentsuniformly palpi brownish black. Antennae (male) relabrownish black. Male hypopygium (Fig. 5) tively short, as shown by the measurements,
large and conspicuous; basistyle entire. Ninth black throughout, the scape slightly pruinose;
tergite, 91,with the median area produced into a flagellar segmentswith basal enlargementssmalltransverse plate, each lateral angle of which is and inconspicuous,the segments a little longer
produced into an acute spine, the median area than the longest verticils. Head light gray,with a low triangular point; median plate sepa- washed with pale brown across the posterior
rated from the sidesby a broad U-shaped notch. vertex and behind the eyes, the orbits narrowly
Ninth sternite produced into a small slender lobe gray; vertical tubercle very low, impressedon either sideof the phallosome. Outer dististyle, medially.
Pronotum brownish gray, the scutellum lighterd, unusually short and stout, broadest on basal
half , narrowed to the obtuse tip, the entire gray. Mesonotal praescutum light gra.y withposterior border fringed with very long setae. ihree stripes, the broad median one dark gray,
Inner dististyle, d, with both beaks blackened; paler behind, narrowly bordered by brown along
a very low and inconspicuous dorsal crest; the interspaces,the cephalic third with a vague
outer basal lobe a small blackenedspinous point, median darkening; lateral stripes small, paler
its tip obtuse. Gonapophysis, g, with the brown; posterior interspacesslightly infuscated;
lateralblackened points unusually small. directed posterior sclerites of notum clear light - gray,laterad, the decurved median point longer, its the scutal lobes each with two separate brownareas; scutellum and mediotergite with vague
tip suddenly narrowed to an acute poilt.
indications of a capillary central darkening.
blackAbdeagus,a, very large and conspicuous,
Pleura clear light gray, the dorsopleural memEighthsternite,paler,
decurved.
ened, the tip
medium brown. Halteres with stem yelbrane
posteriortruncate,border,('s,sheathing,the entireknob
dark brown. Legs with all coxae
low,
lobe
a
stout
producedintoeach lateral angle
gray; trochanters brownish - gray;lightyellow
clear
long
of
provided
with
a
brush
that issetae, the transverse median part with shorter femora 61ack, the basesrather narrowly obscureyellow, narrowest on the fore pair where about
setae,these angularly bent at near midJength.
fifth is involved, on the posterior&, ihe proximal
Habitat: Japan (Honshu). Holotype:
Mount Takao, May 5, 1950(Haruta). Paratopo- legs including slightly more than the basal
fourth; remainder of legs black; claws (male)
type:--The d, May 13, 1950 (Inoge).
speciesis named for Mr. Toshiro Haruta. small, with a basal tooth. Wings with the
The fly is readily told from other members of the ground brownish, conspicuously patterned withyusou group by the wing pattern and, especially, whitened areas, including a band beyond theihe structure of the male hypopygium, including stigma that extends to cell lst Mz; two majo-1
the tergite, gonapophysis, and eighth sternite. areas in cell M, the outer one passing into cell
The most similar species is Tipula (Oreomyza) Cu: a further major white atea at,near midlength
subyusouAlexander, with which the present fly of cell lst A; more restricted whitenings at
axilla and in basesof cells lst Mz and Ms; rewas associatedin nature.
stricted darker marks include the stigma and aconfluent seam over the anterior cord and a
Tipula (Oreomyza) daitenjoensis n.sp.
very small mark at origin of R"; -veins brown,
obliterative areas whitened. Venation: R"
praescutum
thegray,thelightcoloration
Generalwith three darker stripes; nasuslacking; antennae long, exceedingtwo and one-halftimes m-cu; Rr+z
short, black throughout; legs black, the femoral entire but short and oblique; cell M1 ver! deep,bases obscure yellow; rvings weakly brownish its petiole lessthan one-half m.
Abdomen with the basal tergite clear gray;with a restricted darker brown pattern and more
extensive whitened areas, including ce1lsM, Cu tergites two to four -vellow, the. lateral borders
and a poststigmal band; basal tergites yellow, broadly light gray, margined internally by atrivittate with dark brown, outer segmentsmore d.ark brown stripe that is almost continuous; auniformly blackened; male hypopygium with central black stripe, narrowly intermpted at thethe posterior margin of the ninth tergite smo-oth, posterior margins of the segments; fiftlt t.tg
with a small narrow U-shaped notch; inner disti- iucceeding segmentsmore uniformly blackened,style entirely blackened, its outer basal lobe a more or less pruinose; basal sternite gray' seglaige darkened appendage;eighth sternite 1arg9, ments two to four yellow, remaining segments
thJ posterior border membranous, on either side darkened. Male hypopygium (Fig. 6) withwittr, a low hemisphericallobe that bears a pencil the ninth tergite, 91, transverse, its posteriorborder with two broad subtruncated lobes,of setae.
Male.-Length, about 18 mm'; wing, 18 mm'; separated by a small and narrow U-shaped.rot"h. Outer dististyle not clearly apparent in
antenna, about 4 mm.
a-little
the type slide. Inner dististyle, d, entirely
Frontal prolongation of head elongate,
blacken-ed,compact, the beak small and slender;
grayabove,
lightshorter than the remainder,
dorsal crest strbngly ribbed; outer basal lobe alacking;nasus
beneath;anddark brown on sides

1e551

Alexander: New Japanese Cranefll.es

large darkened appendage. Phallosome represented by a small blackened cylinder or collar,
with the aedeagus, o, jutting through it. Eighthsternite ,a5, narrowed outwardly, the medianregion of the apex filled with pale membrane; oneither side of the posterior border with a low
hemispherical lobe that bears a pencil of setae,
directed slightly inward but not decussate.
Habitat: Japan (Honshu). Holotype: d, Mount
Daitenjo, Shinano, altitude 2900 meters, July 2(i,1951(Inoue).
In the lack of a nasus, the present fly appears
to fall in the group of flies that center about
Tipula (Oreomyza) yuslu Alexander and allies,differing evidently in the coloration and structureof the antennae and male hypopygium. The
resemblance to species such as T. (O.) malsumuriana Alexander and 7. (O.) tru|helneura
Alexander seems more suDerficial.
Genus Limonia Meigen
Limonia (Geranomyia) hakoneana n.sp.
General coloration of mesonotum brownish
gray, the praescutum with three narrow more
blackened stripes; rostrum long, black; head
above grayish brown with a central gray vitta;
ventral thoracic pleurites light yellow; halteresyellow, the apex of knob slightly darkened; legs
brownish yellow, unpatterned; wings tinged withyellow, with a sparse but evident brown pattern,including spots at various points and with nalTow
seams over the cord and outer end of cell lst Mz;
Sc long, Scr ending about opposite three-fourthsR., Scz near its tip; abdomen dark brown, theposterior borders of the tergites narrowly yellow;
male hypoplrgium yellow, rostral spines two,
relatively short, straight.
excluding rostrum, about (i.5
Male.-Length,mm.; wing,7 mm.; rostrum, about 3 mm.
Rostrum intensely black, nearly one-half thebody; palpi black. Antennae black throughout,short; flagellar segments oval, the terminal one
about one-half longer than the penultimate;verticils subequal to the segments. Head above
grayish brown, with a central gray vitta, involving the front and a slightly broader line overthe vertex.
Pronotum obscure yellow, narrowlv darker laterally. Mesonotal praescutum narrowly yellowed in front. more brownish gray behind, withthree narrow more blackened stripes, the lateralpair far removed from the margin; posteriorsclerites of notum brownish gray, the scutal
lobes with darker centers. Pleura brownish
testaceous above, paling to light 1'ellow on thesternopleurite and meron. Halteres pale yellow,
the apex of knob slightly darkened. Legs withthe coxae and trochanters light yellow; remainder of legs brownish yellow, unpatterned,
the outer tarsal segments a trifle darker; claws
with an outer major spine and two or three37r

smaller more basal denticles. Wings tinged
with yellow, slightly more saturated in theprearcular and costal fields; a very restricted but
clear-cut brown pattern, including small spots at
h, anterior arculus, supernumerary crossvern lncell Sc, origin of R", fork of Sc and as marginal
clouds at ends of the longitudinal veins, those at
Rq+eand Mraz confluent; narrow but conspicuous
seams at cord and outer end of cell lst Msi
stigma brown, conspicuous, its center paler;veins yellow, darker in the patterned areas.
\renation: Sc long, Scr ending about opposite
three-fourths R", Scz near its tip; cell lst Mz
longer than vein M112 beyond it; m-cu at forkof M.
Abdominal tergites dark brown, the posteriorborders narrowly yellow; hypopygium yellowed.
Unfortunately, the male hypopygium was lost
before mounting on a slide; two straight rostralpresent, about aslpines of moderate length werern gx|uensts.
Habitat: Japan (Honshu). Holotype: d, Miyanoshita, Hakone, August 31, 1950 (Collector
unknown).
The present fly is readily told from otherregional species having patterned wings by the
reduced pattern, with a different arrangementof the markings, and by the structure of the malehypopygium. Such forms with patterned wings
include Limonia (Geranornyia) aaocetta (Alexander), L. (G.) multipuncta (Alexander), and L.
(G.) radialis Alexander; L. (G.) gifuensr.s (Alexander), with a somewhat similar hypopygium,
has the wings unpatterned.
Genus Dicranoptycha Osten Sacken
Dicranoptycha hasegawai n.sp.
Generally similar to edashigeana; mesonotum
polished fulvous yellow, with four polished black
the tips of the femora and bases
areas; legs 1,'e11ow,
and tips of the tibiae abruptly black; wings
tinged with brown, darker along the costal
border; abdomen, including hypopygium, black;male hypopygium with the phallosome unusuallysmall, the gonapophyses appearing as shortstraight yellow spines.
Male.-Length, about 9 mm.; wing, 9 mm.
Female.-Length, about 9 mm.; wing 10 mm.
Rostrum obscure brownish yellow; palpi obscure yellow basally, the outer two segments
black, the terminal one enlarged. Antennae obscure yellow, the outer segments darker. Headdark brown, paler on occiput and beneath.
Thorax polished fulvous yellow, the praescutumin caseswith a pair of more reddish intermediate
stripes, these obsolete in the type, better indicated in the allotype; a pair of large black
areas on sides of praescutum with a second pairon the scutal lobes. Halteres weakly darkened,
the knobs slightly more so. Legs with the coxae
and trochanters yellow; femora yellow, the tips

372

Annal,sEntomologicalSocietyof Amercca[Vol. 48

abruptly and conspicuouslyblack, the amount darker brown, especially medially; posterior
subequal on all legs and including about the scleritesand the pleura clearer yellow. Halteresouter tenth; tibiae yellow, the bases narrowlv with stem whitened, the knob infuscated. Legs
blackened,a little lessthan the femoral tips, th-e with the coxae and trochanters yellow; femora
apicessimilarly blackened;basitarsi yellow, nar- brown, the remainder somewhat paler brown,
rowly darkened at tip; outer tarsal segments only the outer tarsal segmentsdarkened. Wings
passinginto brownish black. Legs more slender very pale yellow, unpatterned, the veins before
and lessconspicuouslyhairy than in edashigeana. the cord only a little darker than the ground,
Wings with a brownish tinge, still darker along more infuscated beyond the cord. Venation:
the costal border to the apex, the extreme base Rr+a+rlongerthan vein R2;cell M1 present;m-cu
more yellowed; conspicuouswhite lines in cell R nearly its own length beyond the fork of M.
adjoining vein M, behind basal half of vein lst A,
Abdominal tergites brown, the subterminal
and the usual fork in cell Cu; veins brown. segmentsstill darker to form a subterminal ring;\renation: Cell lst Mz relatively small, about basalsternitesmore yellowed. Male hypopl'gium
two-thirds vein Mai m-cu about one-third its with the tergite large, its posterior border nearly
length beyond fork of M.
truncate to very feebly and gently convex, withAbdomen, including hypopygium, black. Male relatively sparse stout marginal setae; lateralhypopygium with the posterior border of the tergal arrns appearing as strong simple horns or
ninth tergite weakly biolobed. Outer dististyle slender blades. Basistyle with the outer apical
slender, narrowed to a long gently curved ter- angle produced into a stout lobe, the outer half
minal spine, the surface before the point with with numerous spinous setae; inner apical angle
very weak microscopic spinulae; inner disti- only slightly produced, with short setae; mesalstyle dusky, pointed at tip. Phallosome un- face of style with a group of about ten longusually small for a member of the group, the powerful setae, as in consorsand allies. Intercentral area terminating in two low blunt lobes base a strongly built structure, at apex produced
that are separatedby a broad U-shaped notch. into a gently curved spine,inner margin of dilated
Each gonopophysisappearingas a short straight part of blade microscopically sermlate, someyellow spine.
what as in neoconsors.Dististyle subequal in
Habitat:Japan (Honshu). Holotype:d, Mount length and general size to the outer lobe of the
Norikura, near Reisen-goya, Shinano, altitude basistyle, appearing as a flattened mittenlike
2400 meters, September 8, 1951 (Hasegau'a). blade, the apex obtuse; basal half with abundant
Allotopotype:f , September7, 1951.
delicate setae from conspicuoustubercles.
Habitat: Japan (Honshu). Holotype: &,I am pleased to name this interesting fly forthe collector, Mr. H. Hasegawa,student of the Yatsugatake, Shinano, altitude 2000 meters,
Japanese Hemiptera, to whom I am indebted August 10, 1949 (Ito).
The structure of the male hypopygium readily
for many crane-fliesfrom the JapaneseAlps. The
speciesis most similar to Dicranoptychaedashige- distinguishes the present fly from other members
ana Alexander, of Shikoku, which differs in of the consorsgroup, particularly the ninth terdetails of coloration, the stouter and hairier legs, gite and the interbase. It is closerto Dicranota
and especiallythe structure of the male hvpoplz- (Rhaphidolabis)consorsAlexander and D. (R.)
gium, particularly the phallosome.
neoconsors
Alexander than to the verv different
Alexander.
D. (R.) subconsors
Genus Dicranota Zetterstedt
Dicranota (Rhaphidolabis) paraconsorsn.sp.
Allied to consors:general coloration of thorax
ochreous; head light gralr; antennae short, 13segmented,dark brown, the scapeyellow; wings
very pale yellow, unpatterned, veins pale; R2s..alonger than Rz; abdominal tergites brown, thesubterminal segments darker to form a ring;
male hypopygium with the posterior border oftergite almost truncate, the lateral arms slender;interbase distinctive, at apex produced into agently curved spine.
Male.-Length, about 5.ir mm.; wing, (i mm.
Rostrum yellow; palpi obscure yellow. Antennae l3-segmented, relatively short, only athelittle longer than the head; scape 1'e11ow,
remainder dark brown; flagellar segments oval
to long-oval. Head light gra-v.
Thorax ochreous, the praescutum a trifle

Genus Cladura Osten Sacken
Cladura (Cladura) fuscivena n.sp.
Size small (wing, female, 7 mm.); generalcoloration of mesonotalpraescutum grav with abroad central darker stripe that is more blackened in front; posterior sclerites of notum extensively yellow, pleura chiefly dark brown;
halteresyellow; femora yellow, the tips gradualll'dark brown, on the fore pair including about theouter fifth, less extensive on the other legs;
wings whitish subhyaline, restrictedly patternedwith brown; a supernumerary crossvein in cellRr; abdomen dark brown.
Female.-Length, about (i mm.; wing, 7 mm.
Rostrum dark gray; palpi black. Antennae
14-segmented,the fusion-segmentapparently involving three segments;scapereddish brown, remainder of organ black. Head dark gral'.

1e551

Alexander: New JapaneseCranefl.ies

373

Thorax almost uniformly yellow, the mesonotal
Pronotal scutum brown, scutellum vellow.
Mesonotal praescutumgray with a broad.bentral praescutum and the scutal lobes more reddened.
darker stripe that is more blackened in front, Halteres yellow. Legs yellow, the femoral tips
scutal lobes similarly darkened; region of suture, narrowly and gradually infuscated; tarsi browncentral area of scutum, lateral margins of scutel- ish black. Wings pale yellowish subhyaline,thelum and parascutellamore yellowed; postnotum prearcular and costal fields deeper yellow; veinsbrownish yellow, the cephalic part somewhat brown, paler in the brightened areas. Venation:clearer yellow. Pleura chiefly dark brown, the Rr+r+nand R2+esubequal;R2 pale, placed in themetapleura more yellowed. Halteres yellow. whitened stigmal area; petiole of cell M1 longer
Legs with the coxae and trochanters yellow; than m.
Abdomen pale brown, the extreme posterior
femora yellow, the tips gradually dark brown,bordersof the segmentspaler. Male hypopygium
somewhat more extensive on the fore legs where
posteriorwithninth tergite distinctive, the posterior
isincluded,theabout the outer fifthon thefemora involving about the outer seventh; border with two obtuse lobes that are seoarated
tibiae yellow, the tips narrowly blackened;tarsi by a U-shaped notch, the sides of the tergite
black, the proximal ends of the basitarsi a little farther produced into slender curved horns;
paler. Wings whitish subhyaline,the prearcular tergite just laterad of the intermediate lobes
and costal fields slightly more yellowed; a re- with about six or seven long setae. Basistylestricted but conspicuousbrown pattern, most with a small curved hairy lobe on mesal faceevident at origin 9f R", cord, fork of Sc, super- before midlength; a larger lobe at extreme basenumerary crossvein in cell Rs and as a seam of mesal face of style, provided with long conalong vein Cu; a clearer more yellowish white spicuoussetaeat base, narrowed outwardly into astigmal area beyond the fork of Sc; veins brown, subacutepoint; outer lobe of style shorter thandarker in the patterned area, clear yellow in the the dististyle, slightly dilated outwardly, proflavous portions. Venation: Scz subequal to vided with long yellow setae. Dististyle slender,
Scr; Rz far distad, at outer end of the pale stigmal at apex bent or deflected at nearly a right angle,
area, more or less in alignTent with th-e s11l_e1-the tip with very dense microscopic points tonumerary crossveinin cell R3; petiole of cell Mr produce a macelike appearance. Gonapophysis
shorter than m; m-cu at near midlength of Ms+r. with more than the apical half dilated into a large
Abdomen dark brown, the pleural membrane flattened glabrous blade. Aedeagus small andpale. Genital segment yellow; valves of ovi- slender,extending caudad to shortly beyond theapophyses.
positor slender,including the cerci.
Habit,at:Japan (Honshu). Holotype: d, SiraHabitat: Japan (Honshu). Hololype: I ,Sugadaira,Shinano,October 16, 1950(Hasegawa). hone-onsen,Shinano, altitude 1500 meters, SepL
Most similar to the larger and more blackened tember 9, 1951 (Hasegawa). Allotype:Cladura (Cladura) machidellaAlexander,differing Mount Norikura, Shinano, near Reisen-goya,alin all details of coloration. As is the casein the titude 2400 meters, September 8, 1951 (Haselatter fly, it remains questionableas to whether gawa). Paratypes: 3, with the allotype.
Most similar to Cladura (Cladura) megacauda
the crossveinin cell Rs of the wings is adventitious
Alexander,
differing in the structure of the maleor supernumerary in nature.
hypopygium, especiallythe tergite, basistyle andCladura (Cladura) bicornuta n.sp.
phallosome.
Belongs to the megacaudagroup; general
Cladura (Cladura) telephallus n.sp.
eoloration yellow, the mesonotalpraescutum andBelongs to the megacaudagroup; size small
scutal lobes more reddened; legs yellow, thefemoral tips narrowly and gradually infuscated, (wing, male, 6.5 mm.); general coloration oftarsi brownish black; wings pale yellowish sub- entire body yellow; male hypopygium very large,
hyaline, unpatterned; male hypopygium with the tergite narrowed into a depressed-flattened
the posterior border of tergite produced into plate that divides at apex into two obtuse lobes;
two obtuse lobes that are separated by a U- gonapophysis short-stemmed, the apex dilated
shaped notch, the sides of the tergite further into a large blade; aedeagusvery long and exproduced into slender curved horns; outer lobe tended, terminating in an acute spinouspoint.
Male.-Length, about 5 mm.; wing, 6.5 mm.
bf basistyle shorter than the dististyle, the latter
Rostrumand palpi yellow. Antennae andgonapophysis
withdensel-"-spiculose at apex;
paleyellow.
head
intoaflattenedhalf
apicaldilatedmore than theThorax uniformly pale yellow. Halteres yelglabrous blade; aedeagussmall and slender.
Male.-Length, about 6-7 mm.; wing, 7.5- low. Legs yellow, the tips of the femora narrowly and abruptly blackened,of the tibiae less
8.5 mm.
Female.-Length, about 8 mm.; wing, 10 mm. evidently so; tarsi passing into brown. Wings
Rostrum and palpi yellow. Antennae obscure subhyaline;veins pale brown. Venation: Petiole
yellow, the outer flagellar segments darker. of cell Mr at least twice as long as m, in cases
longer.
Head brownish gray.

374

Annals EntornologicalSocietyof Amertco[Vol. 48

Abdomen yellow, relatively short, the unusu- mesopleura chiefly black, the dorsal sternoally large and conspicuousmale hypopygium ap- pleurite and metapleura restrictedly orange.
proximately one-third the total length; hypop.vg- Halteres with stem brownish black, knob darkium reddish yellow, the ventral part of the ninth ened, with the apex obscure yellow. Legs withsternite conspicuously blackened. Male hypo- all coxae and trochanters orange; fore femora
pygium with the tergite narrowed outwardly black, with about the proximal third yellow;
plate that is divided at tibiae yellow, narrowly blackened basally, theinto a depressed-flattened
apex into two obtuse lobes that are separatedby tips more broadly so; tarsi black; middle anda very narrow median split; no lateral tergal hind legs with the femora yellow, with about thearrns or projections. _ Basistyle elongate, with a apical third black, tibiae and tarsi about as onconspicuousappressedlobe on mesal face at base, fore legs; posterior tibia conspicuously dilated
this provided with scattered spinous setae and at apex. Wings whitened, patterned with darkclose-setabundant microscopic spiculosepoints; brown, including a band over the cord and theapical lobe of style shorter than the dististyle, somewhat broader wing tip; additional small
stout, with long conspicuoussetaeon outer third. isolated dark spots at origin of Ru, vein Rs,
Dististyle narrowed on outer third, the apex outer end of cell lst Mz and tip of vein 2nd A;
obtuse, flattened, with a very few long setae but vague dusky washesin cell Cu and the adjoining
without spicules, as in some related forms. part of cell M; stigma oval, darker than the reGonapophysis short-stemmed, the apex broadly maining pattern; veins brown. Venation: Sc
dilated into an oval flattened blade. Aedeagus long, Sct ending about opposite three-fourths
unusually long and extended, in a position of the length of R", Sc2far from its tip, at near onerest directed caudad and ventrad and finallyseventh the length of R"; Rz about four times
cell lst Mz rectangular, subequal to the
cephalad, the terminal third a slender acute Rz+a+.ri
distal section of vein M3i m-cu about one-third
spinouspoint.
Habitat: Japan (Honshu). Holotype: d, Oze, its length beyond fork of M.
Abdomen, including hypopygium, black, theHatomati Toge, Kotsuke, September 22, 1950
(Hasegawa). Paratopotypes:2 d d.
posterior borders of segmentstwo to six narrowiy
The present fly is entirely distinct from other pale. Sternal pocket of fifth segment very
membersof the megocaudagroup in the structure large, broad, with unusually abundant black setaeof the male hypopygium, especially the tergite, surrounding a central glandular area; sixth sterbasistyle and aedeagus. The latter organ is nite with nearly a dozen strong setae on either
somewhat noteworthy and contrasts markedly side of the midline. Male hypopygium with thewith the condition in some other members of the basistyle produced beyond the point of insertion
group where it is very small and inconspicuous. of the dististyles as a narrow blunt-tipped lobe.
Outer dististyle a narrow parallel-sided black
blade, its tip bent at a right angle into a sharp
Genus Teucholabis Osten Sacken
spine. Inner dististyle very complex, in general
Teucholabis (Paratropesa)inouei n.sp.
bilobed, the outer lobe a strong curved spine
Head black;mesonotumblack,onlir the humeral that bears a small point on its face at near midregion of the praescutum restrictedly reddened; length; lower lobe slender, narrowed to the obpleura chiefly blackened; femora black, the bases tuse blackenedtip; in the axil between the major
yellow; posterior tibia (male) conspicuously brancheswith a strong acute spine.
Habitat:Japan (Honshu). Holotype:d, Mountdilated at apex; wings whitened, patterned withdark brown, including a band over the cord and Takao, Musashi, May 13, 1950 (Inoue).
This distinct fly is named for Mr. Hiroshi
the slightly wider wing tip; abdomen black, theInoue,
well-known Japanese Lepidopterist, toposterior borders of the intermediate segmentsI
am indebted for many desirable Tipulidae
with
apex
whom
pale;
male
hypopygium
therestrictedlyparts of Honshu. The only othervariouscomplex.
from
innerdistist-vle
obtuse;of the basistyle
regional member of the subgenus is Teucholabis
Male.-Length, about 9 mm.; wing, 9 mm.
Rostrum, palpi and antennae black; flagellar (Paratropesa) esakii (Alexander), of northern
segments oval, becoming more elongate out- Japan, which differs in the coloration of thewardly, shorter than the verticils. Head dull body, legs and wings, and, especially,in the distinctive sternal pockets of the fifth abdominal
black.
Pronotum narrowly dark brown medially, segment and the structure of the male hyporeddish yellow on sides. Mesonotum black, the pygium, including the apical spine of the lobe of
humeral region of praescutum restrictedly red- the basistyle and the much simpler structure ofdened; pleurotergite black. Propleura orange; the inner dististyle.