☨࿖䈮䈍䈔䉎ⅣႺ䊶⋭䉣䊈䈮㑐䈜䉎ਛዊડᬺᡰេ╷ᐔᚑ 㪉㪈 ᐕ 㪊 ᦬⁛┙ⴕ᡽ᴺੱ ਛዊડᬺၮ⋚ᢛ஻ᯏ᭴⋡ᰴࠛࠣ࠯ࠢ࠹ࠖࡉ࡮ࠨࡑ࡝࡯............................................................................................................... 4╙1┨☨࿖ⅣႺ࡮⋭ࠛࡀߦ㑐ߔࠆਛዊડᬺᡰេ╷ߩታᘒ...................................................... 6

1.1
1.2

ⅣႺ࡮ࠛࡀ࡞ࠡ࡯໧㗴ߩਛዊડᬺ߳ߩᓇ㗀..................................................................... 6
2007 ᐕࠛࡀ࡞ࠡ࡯⥄┙෸߮቟ో଻㓚ᴺ㧔EISA㧕 ........................................................... 7╙2┨ㅪ㇌᡽ᐭ߹ߚߪో࿖࿅૕ߦࠃࠆࡊࡠࠣ࡜ࡓ ................................................................. 9

2.1ⅣႺ଻⼔ᐡ㧔EPA㧕 ........................................................................................................... 9

㧔1㧕ਛዊડᬺᡰេࡊࡠࠣ࡜ࡓ᭎ⷰ ............................................................................................... 9ᄙ᭽ߥਛዊડᬺᡰេ૕೙ ....................................................................................................... 9⋭ౝਛዊડᬺ㑐ㅪᵴേߩ⛔วߦะߌߡ .............................................................................. 10ਛዊડᬺߦኻߔࠆⅣႺⷙ೙⽶ᜂߩシᷫߦ㑐ߔࠆភ⟎ ....................................................... 11㧔2㧕ࡊࡠࠣ࡜ࡓ ............................................................................................................................. 12ࠦࡦࠨ࡞࠹ࠖࡦࠣࠨ࡯ࡆࠬ࡮ᖱႎߩឭଏ........................................................................... 12ࠣ࡝࡯ࡦࠨࡊ࡜ࠗࡗࡀ࠶࠻ࡢ࡯ࠢ㧔GSN㧕 ................................................................... 12ਛዊડᬺⅣႺࡎ࡯ࡓࡍ࡯ࠫ㧔Small Business Environmental Home Page㧕..................... 14ਛዊડᬺࠥ࡯࠻࠙ࠚࠗ ..................................................................................................... 16ࠛ࠽ࠫ࡯ࠬ࠲࡯................................................................................................................. 17㊄㌛⊛ᡰេ ............................................................................................................................ 20ਛዊડᬺࠗࡁࡌ࡯࡚ࠪࡦ࡝ࠨ࡯࠴ࡊࡠࠣ࡜ࡓ㧔SBIR㧕 ............................................... 20ⅣႺࡈࠔࠗ࠽ࡦࠬ࠮ࡦ࠲࡯㧔CEF㧕 ............................................................................... 22⹺ቯ࡮ផᅑ‫ޔ‬ฃ⾨೙ᐲ ......................................................................................................... 24ో☨ⅣႺࡄࡈࠜ࡯ࡑࡦࠬ࡮ࠦ࡯ࠬ࡮ࡊࡠࠣ࡜ࡓ............................................................ 24
ਛዊડᬺⅣႺ⾨................................................................................................................. 25ਛዊડᬺᐡ㧔SBA㧕 ......................................................................................................... 25
2.2
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2.3

ⅣႺ࡮⋭ࠛࡀ໧㗴߳ߩขࠅ⚵ߺ᭎ⷰ ................................................................................. 25ᳪᨴ㒐ᱛࡠ࡯ࡦ࡮ࡊࡠࠣ࡜ࡓ ............................................................................................. 26ਛዊડᬺ㐿⊒࠮ࡦ࠲࡯㧔SBDC㧕ࠍㅢߓߚ⋭ࠛࡀ੐ᬺᡰេ........................................... 26੹ᓟߩขࠅ⚵ߺ⺖㗴 ............................................................................................................. 27ࠛࡀ࡞ࠡ࡯⋭..................................................................................................................... 29

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ਛዊડᬺᡰេࡊࡠࠣ࡜ࡓ᭎ⷰ ............................................................................................. 29ࠛࡀ࡞ࠡ࡯ല₸෸߮ౣ↢น⢻ࠛࡀ࡞ࠡ࡯ዪ㧔EERE㧕ߦࠃࠆࡊࡠࠣ࡜ࡓ .................. 29

EERE ߩ᭎ⷐ ........................................................................................................................ 29
EERE ߩਛዊડᬺⅣႺ࡮⋭ࠛࡀᡰេࡊࡠࠣ࡜ࡓ ............................................................... 30↥ᬺ⹏ଔ࠮ࡦ࠲࡯(IACs) .................................................................................................. 30⊒᣿࡮ࠗࡁࡌ࡯࡚ࠪࡦࡊࡠࠣ࡜ࡓ㧔I&I㧕 ..................................................................... 32㧔3㧕⑼ቇዪ㧔Office of Science㧕ߦࠃࠆࡊࡠࠣ࡜ࡓ................................................................. 34⑼ቇዪߩਛዊડᬺࠍኻ⽎ߣߒߚⅣႺ࡮⋭ࠛࡀᡰេᵴേ.................................................... 34ਛዊડᬺᛛⴚࠗࡁࡌ࡯࡚ࠪࡦ⎇ⓥࡊࡠࠣ࡜ࡓ㧔SBIR㧕/ਛዊડᬺᛛⴚ⒖ォࡊࡠࠣ࡜ࡓ
(STTR)................................................................................................................................... 34
2.4
໡ോ⋭ ................................................................................................................................ 35

1

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ਛዊડᬺะߌⅣႺ࡮ࠛࡀ࡞ࠡ࡯ᡰេࡊࡠࠣ࡜ࡓ᭎ⷰ ..................................................... 35ࡊࡠࠣ࡜ࡓ ............................................................................................................................. 35ࡎ࡝ࡦࠣ࠭⵾ㅧ᜛ᒛㅪ៤㧔HMEP㧕 .................................................................................. 35ࠛࡦ࠲࡯ࡊ࡜ࠗ࠭ᡰេࡊࡠࡃࠗ࠳⋭ᐡ㑆ࡀ࠶࠻ࡢ࡯ࠢ㧔INEAP㧕 ................................ 36ߘߩઁ⋭ᐡ߅ࠃ߮ਛዊડᬺ㑐ㅪ࿅૕ߦࠃࠆขࠅ⚵ߺ.................................................... 36
2.5
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ో☨ਛዊડᬺදળ㧔NSBA㧕 .............................................................................................. 37ో☨⁛┙ડᬺㅪ⋖㧔NFIB㧕 ............................................................................................... 37࿖ോ⋭..................................................................................................................................... 37╙3┨Ꮊ᡽ᐭ߹ߚߪ࿾ᣇ⥄ᴦ૕ߦࠃࠆࡊࡠࠣ࡜ࡓ ............................................................... 38

3.1
3.2

᭎ⷰ.................................................................................................................................... 38Ꮊ᡽ᐭߦࠃࠆࡊࡠࠣ࡜ࡓ ................................................................................................. 38

㧔1㧕
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3.3

㊄㌛⊛ᡰេ ............................................................................................................................. 38ࠦࡦࡊ࡜ࠗࠕࡦࠬᡰេ ......................................................................................................... 41⺞ᩏ࡮ࠦࡦࠨ࡞ߥߤߩឭଏ ................................................................................................. 42ᷙวဳ㧔㊄㌛⊛ᡰេ߅ࠃ߮ᖱႎ࡮ࠦࡦࠨ࡞╬ߩឭଏ㧕 ................................................. 43࿾ᣇ⥄ᴦ૕ߦࠃࠆࡊࡠࠣ࡜ࡓ.......................................................................................... 43

㧔1㧕
㧔2㧕

⹏ଔ࡮ࠦࡦࠨ࡞╬ߩឭଏ ..................................................................................................... 43ᷙวဳ㧔㊄㌛⊛ᡰេ߅ࠃ߮⹏ଔࠦࡦࠨ࡞╬ߩឭଏ㧕 ..................................................... 442࿑⴫࿑ 1 EPA ߦࠃࠆਛዊડᬺᡰេ૕೙............................................................................................................ 9࿑ 2 EPA ࿾ၞ੐ോᚲ.................................................................................................................................. 10࿑ 3 EPA ਛዊડᬺᡰេᵴേߩ⛔೙ߦะߌߚ 5 ߟߩขࠅ⚵ߺ .............................................................. 11࿑ 4 ࠛ࠽ࠫ࡯ࠬ࠲࡯ߦࠃࠆലᨐ㧝㧦㔚᳇ᢱ㊄ߩ▵ᷫ㗵....................................................................... 18࿑ 5 ࠛ࠽ࠫ࡯ࠬ࠲࡯ߦࠃࠆലᨐ 2㧦⥄േゞᢙߦ឵▚ߒߚឃ಴ࠟࠬ೥ᷫ㊂........................................ 18
࿑ 6 SBDC ࠍㅢߓߚ⋭ࠛࡀ੐ᬺᡰេ....................................................................................................... 27
࿑ 7 IACs ߦࠃࠆ⹏ଔ᩺ઙࡑ࠶ࡊ㧔ࡊࡠࠣ࡜ࡓ㐿ᆎ㨪2009 ᐕ⃻࿷㧕 ................................................ 32

⴫ 1
⴫ 2
⴫ 7
⴫ 3
⴫ 4
⴫ 5
⴫ 6
⴫ 8
⴫ 9

EISA ਛዊડᬺࠛࡀ࡞ࠡ࡯ࡊࡠࠣ࡜ࡓ㑐ㅪ᧦㗄............................................................................ 8
GSN ᚑഞ଀ ...................................................................................................................................... 13ࠛ࠽ࠫ࡯ࠬ࠲࡯ࡊࡠࠣ࡜ࡓߦࠃࠆ⵾ຠࠞ࠹ࠧ࡝࡯⴫................................................................... 18
EPA ߦࠃࠆ SBIR ࡊࡠࠣ࡜ࡓ଀....................................................................................................... 21
EPA ߩ SBIR ࡊࡠࠣ࡜ࡓ੍▚㧔2003-2007 ᐕᐲ㧕......................................................................... 22
9 ᄢቇߩ EFC ߩᵴേᚑᨐ .................................................................................................................. 23
ਛዊડᬺⅣႺ⾨㧔Small Business Recognition Awards㧕 ................................................................ 25
IAC ᜰቯ 26 ᄢቇ࡝ࠬ࠻ .................................................................................................................... 31
2003 ᐕ I&I ࡊࡠࠣ࡜ࡓߦࠃࠆಽ㊁೎᩺ઙᢙ෸߮⋭ࠛࡀ㔚ജ㊂ .................................................. 333ࠛࠣ࠯ࠢ࠹ࠖࡉ࡮ࠨࡑ࡝࡯
ⅣႺኻ╷ߦ㑐ߒߡᣣᧄ‫ޔ‬᰷Ꮊߦ┙ߜㆃࠇߚߣ⠨߃ߡ޿ࠆ☨࿖ߪ‫ࡑࡃࠝޔ‬᡽ᮭߩ⺀↢ᓟ‫ޔ‬ⅣႺࠍ㓹↪⏕଻‫⚻ޔ‬ᷣ࿁ᓳߩᚻᲑߣߒߡᝒ߃‫ޔ‬ⅣႺవㅴ࿖ࠍ⋡ᜰߒ‫ޔ‬ჽᄢߥ⚻ᷣೝỗࡄ࠶ࠤ࡯ࠫࠍ
ᛂߜ಴ߒߡ‫ޔ‬᭽‫ߥޘ‬᡽╷ࠍផㅴߒߡ޿ࠆ‫⚻ޕ‬ᷣ߇ᖡൻߒߡ޿ࠆਛ‫ޔ‬ਛዊડᬺ1ߦߣߞߡ‫࡞ࡀࠛޔ‬ࠡ࡯ࠦࠬ࠻ߩჇട߿‫⋧ޔ‬ᰴߋⅣႺߦ㑐ߔࠆᴺᓞ࡮ⷙ೙ࠍㆩ቞ߔࠆߚ߼ߩ⽶ᜂ‫ޔ‬ᄢ᳇‫ޔ‬᳓‫ޔ‬࿯ფᳪᨴߩᵺൻ⾌↪ߥߤ‫ޔ‬ⅣႺኻ╷߇ࠃࠅ෩ߒ޿ࠦࠬ࠻ߣߒߡߩߒ߆߆ߞߡ޿ࠆ⁁ᘒߪุ߼ߥ޿‫ޕ‬ߎߩࠃ߁ߥ⁁ᴫࠍᛂ⎕ߔࠆߚ߼ߦ‫ޔ‬ㅪ㇌᡽ᐭ‫ޔ‬Ꮊ᡽ᐭ‫ޔ‬࿾ᣇ⥄ᴦ૕ߪ‫ޔ⸽଻ࡦ࡯ࡠޔ‬⒢ఝㆄភ
⟎‫ޔ‬ᖱႎࠨ࡯ࡆࠬ‫ޔߤߥࡦ࡚ࠪ࡯࠹࡞ࠨࡦࠦޔ‬ਛዊડᬺߦኻߒߡᄙ᭽ߥⅣႺ࡮ࠛࡀ࡞ࠡ࡯ኻᔕ
ߩᡰេ╷ࠍዷ㐿ߒߡ޿ࠆ‫⽶ޔߚ߹ޕ‬ᜂߩシᷫߩߺߥࠄߕ‫ޔ‬ᛛⴚࠗࡁࡌ࡯࡚ࠪࡦߩᜂ޿ᚻߢ޽ࠆ
ਛዊડᬺߦኻߔࠆ⎇ⓥ㐿⊒ᡰេ߿ⅣႺߦ߿ߐߒ޿ࠣ࡝࡯ࡦ⺞㆐ߦ߅޿ߡਛዊડᬺߩࡆࠫࡀࠬᯏ
ળߩะ਄ࠍ⁓ߞߚᣉ╷ࠍ⻠ߓߡ޿ࠆ‫ᧄޕ‬ႎ๔ᦠߢߪ‫☨ޔ‬࿖ߦ߅ߌࠆਛዊડᬺߩ‫ޟ‬ⅣႺ┹੎ജ‫ޠ‬ߩჇᒝߦะߌߚ࠳ࠗ࠽ࡒ࠶ࠢߥᣉ╷ࠍᬌ⸽ߔࠆ‫ޕ‬╙ 1 ┨ߢߪ‫☨ߕ߹ޔ‬࿖ߩਛዊડᬺ߇㊄Ⲣ࡮⚻ᷣෂᯏߦ⊒ߔࠆ┵ࠍ⊒ߔࠆ⚻༡㔍ߩਛ‫ޔ‬ⅣႺ࡮
⋭ࠛࡀߩ㕙ߢߤߩ᭽ߥᓇ㗀ࠍᗵߓߡ޿ࠆ߆‫ޔ‬ਛዊડᬺ⚻༡⠪ࠍኻ⽎ߦ⺞ᩏߐࠇߚ PNC ⚻੍᷹ᷣႎ๔ᦠ߿ SBA ╬ߩ⾗ᢱࠍၮߦᛠីߒߚ‫ߩߘޕ‬਄ߢ‫ޔ‬2007 ᐕ 12 ᦬ߦᚑ┙ߒߚ 2007 ᐕࠛࡀ࡞ࠡ
࡯⥄┙෸߮቟ో଻㓚ᴺ㧔Energy Independence and Security Act of 2007: EISA㧕ߩਛዊડᬺะߌ᧦
㗄ߦ⌕⋡ߒ‫ ╙ޔ‬2 ┨‫ ╙ޔ‬3 ┨ߦ߅ߌࠆฦ⋭ᐡ߿Ꮊ᡽ᐭ‫⥄ޔ‬ᴦ૕ߦࠃࠆฦ⒳ᡰេࡊࡠࠣ࡜ࡓߩࡃ
࠶ࠢࡏ࡯ࡦߣߥࠆ⍮⼂ߣߒߡ᛼ߐ߃ߡ޿ࠆ‫ޕ‬╙ 2 ┨ߢߪ‫ޔ‬ⅣႺ଻⼔ᐡ㧔Environmental Protection Agency: EPA㧕‫ޔ‬SBA‫ޔ⋭࡯ࠡ࡞ࡀࠛޔ‬໡ോ⋭ߦࠃࠆਛዊડᬺࠍኻ⽎ߣߒߚⅣႺ࡮⋭ࠛࡀኻ╷ࡊࡠࠣ࡜ࡓࠍਛᔃߦ‫ޔ‬ᒰ⹥⋭ᐡ߇ឭଏߔࠆ
ૐ㊄೑ࡠ࡯ࡦ‫⎇ޔ‬ⓥ╬߳ߩഥᚑ㊄‫ޔ‬⒢ប㒰╬ᄙ᭽ߥ㊄㌛⊛ᡰេ‫ޔߡߒߘޔ‬ᖱႎឭଏ߿ࠦࡦࠨ࡞
࠹ࠖࡦࠣࠨ࡯ࡆࠬߩᢙ‫ⶄߚ߹ޕࠆ޿ߡߒ⟜✂ࠍޘ‬ᢙߩ⋭ᐡ߇ㅪ៤ࠍ⷗ߖࠆࡊࡠࠣ࡜ࡓߣߒߡࠛ
࠽ࠫ࡯ࠬ࠲࡯㧔Energy Star㧕‫࠭ࠗ࡜ࡊ࡯࠲ࡦࠛޔ‬ᡰេࡊࡠࡃࠗ࠳⋭ᐡ㑆ࡀ࠶࠻ࡢ࡯ࠢ㧔Interagency
Network of Enterprise Assistance Providers㧦INEAP㧕‫⋭ޔ‬ᐡᮮᢿ⊛ߥࡊࡠࠣ࡜ࡓߣߒߡⶄᢙߩ⋭ᐡ߇ෳടߔࠆ SBIR/STTR ߦࠃࠆⅣႺ࡮⋭ࠛࡀ໧㗴߳ߩᡰេᵴേࠍ⚫੺ߒߡ޿ࠆ‫ޕ‬↥ቇㅪ៤ߩ଀ߣߒߡߪ‫ޔ‬EPA ߦࠃࠅ 9 ᄢቇߦ⸳⟎ߐࠇߚⅣႺࡈࠔࠗ࠽ࡦࠬ࠮ࡦ࠲࡯ࠍㅢߓߡ
ᵴേࠍⴕ߁ⅣႺࡈࠔࠗ࠽ࡦࠬ࠮ࡦ࠲࡯ࡀ࠶࠻ࡢ࡯ࠢ㧔Environmental Finance Center Network:
EFCN㧕‫↥ߩ⋭࡯ࠡ࡞ࡀࠛޔ‬ᬺ⹏ଔ࠮ࡦ࠲࡯(The Industrial Assessment Centers : IACs)ߦࠃࠆో☨26 ᄢቇߣߩㅪ៤‫ޔ‬SBA ߦࠃࠆ SBA ਛዊડᬺᵴേ⛽ᜬࠗ࠾ࠪࠕ࠴ࡉ㧔SBA's Small Business
Sustainability Initiative 㧕 ߩ ਅ ߢ ᄢ ቇ ߣ ㅪ ៤ ߔ ࠆ ਛ ዊ ડ ᬺ 㐿 ⊒ ࠮ ࡦ ࠲ ࡯ 㧔 Small Business
Development Centers: SBDC㧕ࠍ⚫੺ߒߡ޿ࠆ‫ޔߚ߹ޕ‬໡ോ⋭ߦࠃࠆࡎ࡝ࡦࠣ࠭⵾ㅧ᜛ᒛㅪ៤
㧔Hollings Manufacturing Extension Partnership: HMET㧕ߪ‫ޔ‬NPO‫ޔ‬ਛᄩቭᐡ‫ޔ‬Ꮊ᡽ᐭߣߩਛዊડ
ᬺᡰេߩㅪ៤ࡕ࠺࡞ߣߒߡฬ㜞ߊ‫ޔ‬ⅣႺ࡮⋭ࠛࡀ㑐ㅪߩࠨ࡯ࡆࠬឭଏ߽ⴕߞߡ޿ࠆ‫ޕ‬1☨࿖ㅪ㇌᡽ᐭߦ߅ߌࠆ৻⥸⊛ߥਛዊડᬺߩቯ⟵ߪ‫ޔ‬ᬺ⒳ߦ㑐ࠊࠅߥߊ‫ޟ‬ᓥᬺຬᢙ 500 ੱᧂḩߩડᬺ‫ߡߞߥߣޠ‬޿ࠆ‫ޕ‬ㅪ㇌᡽ᐭ߇⊒⴫ߔࠆో⥸⊛ߥᣉ᡽ᣇ㊎߿ࡑࠢࡠ⊛ߥ⛔⸘ߦ߅޿ߡߪ‫ޔ‬ㅢᏱߎߩቯ⟵߇೑↪ߐࠇࠆ‫߆ߒޕ‬ߒ‫ޔ‬ਛዊડᬺࠍᚲ▤ߔࠆਛዊડᬺᐡߪ‫ޔ‬ฦ⒳ᣉ╷ࡊࡠࠣ࡜ࡓߩታᣉߦ޽ߚߞߡ‫ޔ‬ᓥᬺຬᢙߩઁߦᄁ਄㜞߿✚⾗↥ߥߤߩၮḰࠍណ↪ߒ‫ౕࠅࠃޔ‬૕⊛ߢ෩ኒߥቯ⟵ࠍⴕߞߡ޿ࠆ‫ᧄޕ‬ႎ๔ᦠߢᛒ߁‫ޟ‬ਛዊડᬺ‫ߩߘߪߡ޿ߟߦޠ‬ࠃ߁ߥ෩ኒߥቯ⟵ߪㆡ↪ߖߕ‫ޔ‬ේᧄߢ small business‫ޔ‬small and mid-sized business ߣಽ㘃ߐࠇߡ޿ࠆ߽ߩࠍ᛽಴
ߒߡ߈ߡ޿ࠆ‫ޕ‬4

╙ 3 ┨ߢߪᎺ᡽ᐭߦࠃࠆฦ⒳ᡰេࡊࡠࠣ࡜ࡓࠍ⚫੺ߒߡ޿ࠆ‫ޕ‬ㅪ㇌᡽ᐭߣห᭽ߦ‫ޔ‬Ꮊ᡽ᐭߪ‫ޔ‬ਛዊડᬺߩࠛࡀ࡞ࠡ࡯ല₸ൻߦะߌߡ‫ޔ‬ૐ㊄೑ࡠ࡯ࡦ߿⒢ប㒰ߥߤߩ㊄㌛⊛ᡰេ‫ߦࡀࠛ⋭ޔ‬㑐ㅪߔࠆᖱႎឭଏ߿ࠦࡦࠨ࡞࠲ࡦ࠹ࠖࡦࠣࠨ࡯ࡆࠬࠍឭଏߒߡ޿ࠆ‫ޕ‬Ꮊ᡽ᐭߦࠃࠆᡰេߦߪ‫ࡠޔ‬࡯ࡦࠍਛᔃߣߔࠆ㊄㌛㕙ߢߩᡰេࠍឭଏߔࠆ߽ߩ߇ᄙ޿‫ޕ‬એ਄‫ᧄޔ‬ႎ๔ᦠߪ⃻ᤨὐߩ☨࿖ߦ߅ߌࠆㅪ㇌‫ޔ‬Ꮊ‫ޔ‬࿾ᣇ⥄ᴦ૕ฦ᡽ᐭ߇ਥዉߔࠆਛዊડᬺߦ
㑐ߔࠆ✚ว⊛ߥࠛࡀ࡞ࠡ࡯ⅣႺᡰេߩ⃻⁁ࠍ‫ޔ‬ᖱႎߩᢛℂߦ㊀ὐࠍ⟎޿ߡႎ๔ߔࠆ߽ߩߢ޽ࠅ‫ޔ‬ᣣᧄߦ߅ߌࠆਛዊડᬺߩⅣႺኻ╷‫┹ޔ‬੎ജ⛽ᜬ‫ߡߒߘޔ‬ᛛⴚࠗࡁࡌ࡯࠲࡯ߣߒߡߩᓎഀᒝൻߥ
ߤࠍ⁓ߞߚᡰេᒻᚑߦᓎ┙ߡࠆၮ␆ᖱႎߣߥࠆߎߣࠍ⁓߁‫ޕ‬

5

╙1┨
1.1

☨࿖ߦ߅ߌࠆⅣႺ࡮⋭ࠛࡀߦ㑐ߔࠆਛዊડᬺᡰេ╷ߩታᘒ

ⅣႺ࡮ࠛࡀ࡞ࠡ࡯໧㗴ߩਛዊડᬺ߳ߩᓇ㗀ࠝࡃࡑᰴᦼᄢ⛔㗔߇ᄢ⛔㗔ㆬ᜼ਛߦ‫ޟ‬New Energy for America‫ߣޠ‬㗴ߒߚ൮᜝⊛ࠛࡀ࡞ࠡ࡯౏
⚂ࠍ⊒⴫ߒ‫࡮࡯ࠡ࡞ࡀࠛޔ‬࿾⃿ⅣႺ᡽╷ࠍ㊀ⷐ᡽╷ߩ৻ߟߦ૏⟎ߠߌߚ2ࠃ߁ߦ‫࡮࡯ࠡ࡞ࡀࠛޔ‬ⅣႺ໧㗴߳ߩኻ╷ߪ⋉‫ޘ‬㊀ⷐ࡮✕ᕆߩ߽ߩߣߥߞߡ޿ࠆ‫ޕ‬ડᬺⷙᮨߦ㑐ࠊࠄߕోߡߩડᬺ߇⋭ࠛࡀ╬ࠍផㅴߔࠆߎߣߪ‫☨ޔ‬࿖߇⍹ᴤߩᶏᄖଐሽߦ⿠࿃ߔࠆ⃻࿷ߩࠛࡀ࡞ࠡ࡯ෂᯏࠍਸ਼ࠅ⿧߃
ࠆߚ߼ߛߌߢߥߊ‫ޔ‬਎⇇⊛ߥ໧㗴ߢ޽ࠆ᳇୥ᄌേߦኻᔕߔࠆߚ߼ߦ߽ਇนᰳߢ޽ࠆ߇‫ޔ‬ᄢડᬺߣᲧߴࠆߣਛዊડᬺߦߪࠛࡀ࡞ࠡ࡯໧㗴ߦലᨐ⊛ߦขࠅ⚵߻ߚ߼ߩ࡝࠰࡯ࠬ߇ਇ⿷ߒߡ޿ࠆߩ
߇⃻⁁ߢ޽ࠆ‫ޕ‬☨࿖ߩਛዊડᬺߪࠛࡀ࡞ࠡ࡯ࠦࠬ࠻ߩ㜞㛛ߦᄙᄢߥᓇ㗀ࠍฃߌߡ޿ࠆ‫ޔ߫߃ߣߚޕ‬2008 ᐕ 4᦬ߦ☨ਛዊડᬺᐡ㧔Small Business Administration㧦SBA㧕߇⊒⴫ߒߚߣߎࠈߦࠃࠆߣ‫⵾ޔ‬ㅧᬺ⇇෸߮ᑪ⸳ᬺ⇇ߩ㔖⚦ડᬺ㧔ᓥᬺຬ 50 ੱએਅ㧕ߦ߅ߌࠆ㔚ജࠦࠬ࠻ߪ‫ޔ‬ડᬺో૕ߩᐔဋ୯ߦᲧߴ
35㧑㜞ߊ‫ޔ‬ᄢડᬺ㧔ᓥᬺຬ 1,000 ੱએ਄㧕ߩ㔚ജࠦࠬ࠻ߪో૕ߦᲧߴ 17㧑ૐ޿3‫ޔࠅ߹ߟޕ‬ਛዊડᬺߦ⋭ࠛࡀࠍଦㅴߔࠆᯏེ߿ᛛⴚࠍዉ౉ߔࠆߎߣߪ‫ߩࠄࠇߎޔ‬ડᬺߩ┹੎ജࠍ㜞߼ࠆߎߣߦ
߽ߟߥ߇ࠆ‫ޕ‬ᓥߞߡ‫ޔ‬ਛዊડᬺߦኻߔࠆⅣႺ࡮⋭ࠛࡀᡰេߪ‫☨ޔ‬࿖ߩࠛࡀ࡞ࠡ࡯໧㗴ࠍ⸃᳿ߔࠆߛߌߢߥߊ‫☨ޔ‬࿖⚻ᷣࠍᡰ߃ࠆਛዊડᬺߩ┹੎ജࠍ⛽ᜬ࡮ᒝൻߔࠆߚ߼ߦ߽ᔅⷐߢ޽ࠆߣ޿
߃ࠆ‫ޕ‬߹ߚ‫ࠕ࠾ࡌ࡞ࠪࡦࡍޔ‬Ꮊࡇ࠶࠷ࡃ࡯ࠣߦᧄ␠ࠍᜬߟ᳃㑆࿾ၞ㊄Ⲣᯏ㑐ߢ޽ࠆ PNC ࡈࠖ࠽ࡦࠪ
ࡖ࡞ࠨ࡯ࡆࠬࠣ࡞࡯ࡊ㧔PNC Financial Service Group, Inc.㧕4߇ 2006 ᐕ 10 ᦬ߦ⊒⴫ߒߚ‫ޟ‬PNC ⚻੍᷹ᷣ㧔Economic Outlook Survey㧕‫ޔߣࠆࠃߦޠ‬ਛዊડᬺߪࠛࡀ࡞ࠡ࡯ෂᯏߩᓇ㗀ߦࠃࠆࠛࡀ
࡞ࠡ࡯ࠦࠬ࠻Ⴧᄢߩ໧㗴ࠍ․ߦಾታߦᗵߓߡ޿ࠆ5‫ޕ‬ਛዊડᬺߪߘߩⷙᮨ߆ࠄડᬺ૕ജߦ㒢ࠅ߇޽ࠅ‫⾗࡯ࠡ࡞ࡀࠛޔ‬Ḯଔᩰߩᕆ਄᣹ߦ⚻༡߇ㅊ޿ઃ߆ߕ‫ޔ‬㐳ᦼ⊛ߦᏭዥࠍวࠊߔߎߣ߽࿎㔍ߢ‫ޔ‬෼⋉ߦᄢ߈ߥᛂ᠄ࠍฃߌᤃ޿‫ޔߚ߹ޕ‬ਛዊડᬺߦߪࠛࡀ࡞ࠡ࡯ࠦࠬ࠻ࠍᛥ߃ࠆߚ߼ߩ⋭ࠛࡀ⸳஻߿ઍᦧࠛࡀ࡞ࠡ࡯ࠍ⺞㆐ߔࠆ⾗㊄ജ߽㒢ࠄࠇߡ޿ࠆ6‫ޕ‬
2008 ᐕ 10 ᦬ߦ⊒⴫ߐࠇߚหࠣ࡞࡯ࡊߦࠃࠆ‫ޟ‬PNC ⚻੍᷹ᷣ㧦ਛዊડᬺ⚻༡⠪ᗧ⼂⺞ᩏ㧔THE
PNC ECONOMIC OUTLOOK: Survey of Small & Middle-Market Business Owners, October 2008㧕‫ޠ‬
7ߪࠃࠅ〯ߺㄟࠎߢਛዊડᬺߩᗧ⼂ࠍᶋ߈ᓂࠅߦߒߡ޿ࠆ‫ޕ‬ห⺞ᩏ࿁╵⠪ߩ 74%߇‫⺞ޔ‬ᩏᤨὐએ

2“BARACK OBAMA AND JOE BIDEN: NEW ENERGY FORAMERICA ”http://www.barackobama.com/pdf/factsheet_energy_speech_080308.pdf
3
SBA ‫ޟ‬ਛዊડᬺࠛࡀ࡞ࠡ࡯ࠦࠬ࠻ߩ․⦡ߣಽᨆ㧔Characterization and Analysis of
Small Business Energy Costs㧕‫ ޠ‬http://www.sba.gov/advo/research/rs322.pdf
4‫ޟ‬PNC ⚻੍᷹ᷣ‫ ߪޠ‬6 ࡩ᦬Ფߦ PNC Financial Services Group, Inc ߦࠃࠅ߹ߣ߼ࠄࠇߡ޿ࠆ⺞ᩏႎ๔ᦠߢ޽ࠆ‫ޕ‬
2003 ᐕ 4 ᦬ߦ㐿ᆎߐࠇߚᒰ⹥੍᷹ႎ๔ᦠߪ‫☨ޔ‬࿖ߩਛዊડᬺ⚻༡⠪㑆ߩ⠨߃߿⚻ᷣߦኻߔࠆ੍᷹ࡓ࡯࠼ࠍᛠី
ߔࠆ੐߇಴᧪ࠆ߽ߩߣߥߞߡ޿ࠆ‫ޕ‬5‫ޟ‬PNC ⚻੍᷹ᷣ㧔PNC Economic Outlook㧕‫ޠ‬㧔2006 ᐕ 10 ᦬㧕:https://www.pnc.com/webapp/unsec/ProductsAndService.do?siteArea=/PNC/Home/Small+Business/Business+Resources/Economic+Outlook+Survey+of+Business+Owners/Economic+Outlook+Survey+Fall+2006
6☨࿖ਅ㒮ਛዊડᬺᆔຬળ㧔House Small Business Committee㧕ߦࠃࠆႎ๔ᦠ‫ޟ‬਄᣹ߔࠆࠛࡀ࡞ࠡ࡯ࠦࠬ࠻߇ਛዊ
ડᬺߦਈ߃ࠆᓇ㗀㧔Impact of Rising Energy Costs on Small Business㧕‫ޠ‬㧔2006 ᐕ 8 ᦬㧕㧦
http://www.house.gov/smbiz/democrats/Reports/ENERGY%20REPORT%202006.pdf
7‫ޟ‬PNC ⚻੍᷹ᷣ㧔PNC Economic Outlook㧕㧕㧔2008 ᐕ 10 ᦬㧕㧦
https://www.pnc.com/webapp/unsec/Requester?resource=/wcm/resources/file/ebf4944bab1b110/NatlEcoOutlook_Results_1008.pdf

6

㒠 6 ࡩ᦬㑆‫࡯ࠡ࡞ࡀࠛޔ‬ଔᩰߩ਄᣹߇ࡆࠫࡀࠬ߳ᖡᓇ㗀ࠍ෸߷ߔ‫⷗߁޿ߣޔ‬ㅢߒࠍ┙ߡߚ‫ޕ‬ડᬺ஥ߩኻ╷ߣߒߡߪ‫ߩ╬ࠫ࡯ࡖ࠴࡯ࠨޔ‬ᒻߢㅊടᢱ㊄ࠍ⵾ຠ࡮ࠨ࡯ࡆࠬଔᩰߦ਄ਸ਼ߖߔࠆ‫߹ޔ‬ߚߪᓥᬺຬߩൕോᤨ㑆ࠍࡈ࡟ࠠࠪࡉ࡞ߦߔࠆ‫ߚߒߣޔ‬࿁╵߇ 4 ઙߦ 1 ઙ⷗ࠄࠇߚ‫⚻ޔߚ߹ޕ‬༡⁁ᴫߦߟ޿ߡᖤⷰ⊛ߥ੍᷹߇ᐢ߇ࠅࠍ⷗ߖߡ߅ࠅ‫ޔ‬ห⺞ᩏߩ 2008 ᐕ 4 ᦬ ߦ߅޿ߡߪ‫ޟ‬వⴕ߈ߦߟ޿ߡᖤⷰ⊛‫ߚ߃╵ߣޠ‬ડᬺ߇ 21%ߢ޽ߞߚ߇‫ޔ‬หᐕ 10 ᦬ ߢߪ 29%ߣ᜛ᄢߒ‫ޔ‬2003 ᐕ 4᦬ߩ⺞ᩏ㐿ᆎᦼએ᧪ᦨᖡߩࡓ࡯࠼ߢ޽ࠆ੐߇᣿ࠄ߆ߦߥߞߚ‫੹ޔߦᦝޕ‬ᓟᏗᦸߔࠆࠛࡀ࡞ࠡ࡯
᡽╷ߦ㑐ߒ‫ޔ‬࿁╵⠪ߩ 23%߇ઍᦧࠛࡀ࡞ࠡ࡯㐿⊒ߦะߌߚᡰ಴㗵㧔spending㧕ߣࠗࡦ࠮ࡦ࠹ࠖ
ࡉߩჇᄢࠍ᜼ߍࠆߥߤ‫ޔ‬ਛዊડᬺ⚻༡⠪ߩ㑆ߢࠛࡀ࡞ࠡ࡯໧㗴߳ߩ㑐ᔃ߇㜞߹ࠅߟߟ޽ࠆ੐߇
ⵣઃߌࠄࠇߚ‫ޕ‬৻ᣇ‫ޔ‬ਛዊડᬺᐡ㧔Small Business Administration: SBA㧕߇ 2008 ᐕ 4 ᦬ߦ⊒⴫ߒߚႎ๔ᦠ‫ޟ‬ਛዊડᬺࠛࡀ࡞ࠡ࡯ࠦࠬ࠻ߩ․ᓽߣಽᨆ‫ߩ࠻ࠬࠦ࡯ࠡ࡞ࡀࠛޔߪߢޠ‬਄᣹߇ਛዊડᬺߦਈ߃ࠆᓇ
㗀ࠍಽ㊁Ფߦ⚦߆ߊಽᨆߒߡ߅ࠅ‫✚ޔ‬᜝ߔࠇ߫‫ޔ‬ਛዊડᬺߪᄢડᬺߦᲧߴߡ↢↥ࠗࡦࡊ࠶࠻ࠦ
ࠬ࠻ߩ਄᣹ߦࠃࠆᛂ᠄ࠍฃߌᤃߊ‫੹ޔ‬ᓟߩኻᔕᰴ╙ߢߪ޽ࠆ߽ߩߩ‫ޔ‬ਛዊડᬺో૕ߩ┹੎ജ߇ૐਅߔࠆน⢻ᕈࠍ␜ໂߒߡ޿ࠆ8‫ߩ☨ోߦ߁ࠃߩߎޕ‬ਛዊડᬺߩᵴᕈൻߦะߌߡᵴേࠍ➅ࠅᐢߍ
ࠆ SBA ߽‫ޔ‬ⅣႺ࡮໧㗴߳ߩขࠅ⚵ߺ߇ਛዊડᬺߩᒝൻߦߣߞߡ㊀ⷐ⺖㗴ߢ޽ࠆߎߣ߳ߩ⹺⼂ࠍ␜ߒߡ߅ࠅ‫੹ޔ‬ᓟߩో☨ߢߩਛዊડᬺᡰេ᡽╷߳ߩขࠅ⚵ߺߦᦼᓙ߇߆߆ࠆ‫ޕ‬

1.2

2007 ᐕࠛࡀ࡞ࠡ࡯⥄┙෸߮቟ో଻㓚ᴺ㧔EISA㧕

2007 ᐕ 12 ᦬ߦᚑ┙ߒߚ‫ޟ‬2007 ᐕࠛࡀ࡞ࠡ࡯⥄┙෸߮቟ో଻㓚ᴺ㧔Energy Independence andSecurity Act of 2007: EISA㧕9‫ޔߪߢޠ‬ਛዊડᬺะߌߩ⋭ࠛࡀ࡮ⅣႺ໧㗴ኻᔕᡰេ╷ߣߒߡ޿ߊߟ
߆ߩ㊀ⷐߥ੐㗄ࠍቯ߼ߡ޿ࠆ‫ޕ‬߹ߕ‫⎇ޔߪߡ޿ߟߦ⋭࡯ࠡ࡞ࡀࠛޔ‬ⓥ㐿⊒ᵴേߩߚ߼ߦഥᚑ㊄ࠍ಴ߔ‫ޟ‬ౣ↢น⢻ࠛࡀ࡞ࠡ࡯
ࠗࡁࡌ࡯࡚ࠪࡦ⵾ㅧᬺㅪ៤ࡄࠗࡠ࠶࠻ࡊࡠࠣ࡜ࡓ㧔Renewable Energy Innovation Manufacturing
Partnership Program㧕‫ࠍޠ‬ㅢߒߡ‫ޔ‬ౣ↢น⢻ߥ⵾ຠࠍ⵾ㅧߔࠆਛዊડᬺߦኻߔࠆᡰេࠍఝవ⊛ߦⴕ߁᭽ଦߔദജࠍߔࠆ੐ࠍขࠅ᳿߼ߡ޿ࠆ㧔หᴺ Title6‫ޔ‬Section 656㧕‫ޕ‬ౕ૕⊛ߥਛዊડᬺ⋭ࠛࡀ࡮ⅣႺᡰេ╷߇ㅀߴࠄࠇߡ޿ࠆㇱಽߪ࠲ࠗ࠻࡞12‫ޟ‬ਛዊડᬺࠛࡀ࡞
ࠡ࡯ࡊࡠࠣ࡜ࡓ㧔Small Business Energy Programs㧕‫ޕࠆ޽ߢޠ‬ᒰ⹥᧦㗄ߢߪ‫ޔ‬ਛዊડᬺߦࠃࠆ⋭ࠛࡀᑪㅧ‛‫⸳ޔ‬஻‫ޔ⟎ⵝޔ‬ᛛⴚ╬ߩ㐿⊒‫ޔ‬ᛩ⾗‫⺞ޔ‬㆐ࠍᡰេߔࠆࡠ࡯ࡦ‫ޔ‬ഥᚑ㊄‫ޔ‬ௌ೛ࠍਛᔃ
ߦ㊀ⷐߥขࠅ᳿߼߇ߥߐࠇߡ޿ࠆ‫ޕ‬ౝኈࠍߺࠆߣ‫ޔ‬ᓥ᧪ߪ㑐ଥ⋭ᐡ߳ߩᯅᷰߒᓎ‫⺞ߪߚ߹ޔ‬ᢛᓎߣߒߡߩᓎഀߩᲧ㊀߇ᄢ߈߆ߞߚSBAߦኻߒߡ‫ޔ‬ਛዊડᬺ⋭ࠛࡀ‫ޔ‬ⅣႺᡰេߦ߅ߌࠆᓎഀߩ
ᒝൻࠍ࿑ࠈ߁ߣߔࠆ⼏ળߩᒝ޿ᗧᔒ߇ᗵߓࠄࠇࠆ‫ޕ‬

2008 ᐕ 7 ᦬߆ࠄ 8 ᦬ඨ߫߹ߢਛዊડᬺߩ⚻༡⠪߹ߚߪࠪ࠾ࠕ࡟ࡌ࡞ߩᗧᔒ᳿ቯᮭࠍᜬߟ▤ℂ⡯ߩߺࠍኻ⽎ߦ㔚⹤ߦࠃࠆᗧ⼂⺞ᩏࠍⴕ޿‫ోޔ‬࿖ߢ 507 ઙ‫࠼ࡦ࡜࡯࡝ࡔߜ߁ޔ‬Ꮊ‫࡯ࠫ࡯ࡖࠫ࡯ࡘ࠾ޔ‬Ꮊ‫ࠕ࠾ࡌ࡞ࠪࡦࡍޔ‬Ꮊߦ߅޿ߡ 399 ઙߩ⡞߈ขࠅ⺞ᩏߦᚑഞߒߚ‫ޕ‬8ౕ૕଀ߣߒߡ‫ޔ‬SBA ߇ 2008 ᐕ 4 ᦬ߦ಴ߒߚႎ๔‫ޟ‬ਛዊડᬺࠛࡀ࡞ࠡ࡯ࠦࠬ࠻ߩ․⦡ߣಽᨆ㧔Characterization
and Analysis of Small Business Energy Costs㧕‫ޔߣࠆࠃߦޠ‬㔖⚦ડᬺ㧔ᓥᬺຬᢙ 50 ฬએਅ㧕ߩห࠮ࠢ࠲ᐔဋߩ 35%એ਄ߩ㔚᳇ᢱ㊄ࠍ⽶ᜂߒߡ߅ࠅ‫৻ޔ‬ᣇᓥᬺຬ 1,000 ੱએ਄ࠍᛴ߃ࠆᄢડᬺ߇ห 17%એਅߩ⾌↪ߒ߆⽶ᜂߒߡ޿ߥ޿ὐ߇ᜰ៰ߐࠇߡ޿ࠆ㧔p.2㧕‫ޕ‬http://www.sba.gov/advo/research/rs322tot.pdf
9
EISA ోᢥ㧦
http://frwebgate.access.gpo.gov/cgi-bin/getdoc.cgi?dbname=110_cong_public_laws&docid=f:publ140.110.pdf

7

⴫ 1

EISA

ਛዊડᬺࠛࡀ࡞ࠡ࡯ࡊࡠࠣ࡜ࡓ㑐ㅪ᧦㗄

EISA‫ޟ‬ਛዊડᬺࠛࡀ࡞ࠡ࡯ࡊࡠࠣ࡜ࡓ‫ޠ‬࠮࡚ࠢࠪࡦ1201
SBAߪਛዊડᬺߩ․ቯߩ⋭ࠛࡀ߅ࠃ߮ౣ↢น⢻ᛛⴚߩ㐿⊒߿⺞㆐ߦኻߒߡහᤨ⾉ઃ㧔express
loan㧕ࠍⴕ߁‫ޕ‬࠮࡚ࠢࠪࡦ1202
SBA ߪਛዊડᬺ߇⋭ࠛࡀᛛⴚࠍඨ㗵ߢ⾼౉ߢ߈ࠆࡄࠗࡠ࠶࠻⾉ઃࡊࡠࠣ࡜ࡓࠍ⸳⟎ߔࠆ‫ޕ‬࠮࡚ࠢࠪࡦ1203
SBAߪਛዊડᬺ⋭ࠛࡀࡊࡠࠣ࡜ࡓ‫ޔ‬ᜬ⛯น⢻ࡊࡠࠣ࡜ࡓ‫ޔ‬࿷ቛൕോࡊࡠࠣ࡜ࡓ╬ࠍഃ⸳ߔࠆ‫ޕ‬ฦࡊࡠࠣ࡜ࡓߦߟ޿ߡ⼏ળߦႎ๔ߔࠆ‫ޕ‬࠮࡚ࠢࠪࡦ1204
ਛዊડᬺᛩ⾗ᴺ㧔Small Business Investment Act : SBIA㧕ߦⷙቯߐࠇߡ޿ࠆਛዊડᬺߦࠃࠆ․ቯ
ߩ⋭ࠛࡀ߅ࠃ߮ౣ↢น⢻ࠛࡀ࡞ࠡ࡯੐ᬺ߳ߩⲢ⾗㗵਄㒢ࠍᒁ߈਄ߍࠆ‫ޕ‬࠮࡚ࠢࠪࡦ1205
ㆡᩰߣߐࠇߚਛዊⷙᮨߩᛩ⾗ળ␠ߦࠃࠆ⋭ࠛࡀௌ೛ߩ⊒ⴕࠍ⸵น‫ޕ‬࠮࡚ࠢࠪࡦ1206
޿ߊߟ߆ߩSBIA᧦㗄ߦ⋭ࠛࡀኻ╷ࠍⴕߞߡ޿ࠆਛዊડᬺ߳ߩᛩ⾗ࠍ⋓ࠅㄟ߻‫ޕ‬࠮࡚ࠢࠪࡦ 1207
ౣ↢น⢻Άᢱ⾗ᧄᛩ⾗㧔Renewable Fuel Capital Investment: RFCI㧕ࡄࠗࡠ࠶࠻⸘↹ࠍᣂ⸳ߒ‫ࡌޔ‬ࡦ࠴ࡖ࡯ࠠࡖࡇ࠲࡞ߦࠃࠆౣ↢น⢻ࠛࡀ࡞ࠡ࡯⾗Ḯ߅ࠃ߮ᛛⴚ㐿⊒ࠍⴕ߁ਛዊડᬺ߳ߩᛩ⾗ࠍน⢻ߦߔࠆ‫ޕ‬2ᐕ㑆ߦᷰࠅRFCIߦߪ3,000ਁ࠼࡞ߩ੍▚ភ⟎ࠍ⻠ߓࠆ‫ޕ‬࠮࡚ࠢࠪࡦ 1208
RFCIߦߟ޿ߡߩSBAߦࠃࠆ⼏ળ߳ߩ⺞ᩏႎ๔ࠍ⟵ോઃߌࠆ‫ޕ‬
಴ᚲ㧦CSR Report “Energy Independence and Security Act of 2007:A Summary of Major Provisions” (Dec. 2007)10ߒ߆ߒߥ߇ࠄ‫ޔ‬SBAߩEISA೙ቯᓟߩኻᔕߩ㊰ߐߦ⼏ળ஥߆ࠄਇḩߩჿ߽⡞߆ࠇߡ޿ࠆ㧔ᓟㅀ㧕‫ޕ‬⃻ᤨὐߢߩ☨࿖ߦ߅ߌࠆ⋭ࠛࡀ࡮ⅣႺಽ㊁ߩਛዊડᬺᡰេ૕೙ߪ‫ޔ‬ⅣႺ଻⼔ᐡ㧔EPA㧕‫ޔ‬SBA‫ޔ‬ࠛࡀ࡞ࠡ࡯⋭‫ޔ‬໡ോ⋭ઁ‫ⶄޔ‬ᢙߩ⋭ᐡߦࠃߞߡߏߊ✭߿߆ߥㅪ៤ࠍ⷗ߖߥ߇ࠄታᣉߐࠇߡ߅ࠅ‫ޔ‬੹ᓟߩలታᐲߪ‫ޔ‬ฦ⋭ᐡ߇ࠃࠅᵴ⊒ߥᖱႎ੤឵ࠍⴕ޿ߤ߁ㅪ៤ࠍᷓ߼ߡ޿ߌࠆ߆ߦ߆߆ߞߡ޿
ࠆ‫ޕ‬2009ᐕ2᦬ߦ೙ቯߐࠇߚ‫ޟ‬2009ᐕ☨࿖ౣ↢࡮ౣᛩ⾗ᴺ㧔American Recovery and Reinvestment Act
of 2009㧕‫ޔ߽ߡ޿߅ߦޠ‬ਛዊડᬺᡰេኻ╷ߩᒝൻ‫࡮ࡀࠛ⋭ޔߡߒߘޔ‬ⅣႺ᡽╷ᒝൻߦߟ޿ߡߩ
㊀ⷐᕈߪ㜞ߊ‫੹ޔ‬ᓟߎߩಽ㊁ߦ߅ߌࠆ☨࿖ߩേ߈ߪචಽᵈ⋡ߦ୯ߔࠆ‫ޕ‬10☨࿖⼏ળ⺞ᩏዪ㧔Congressional Research Service: CRS㧕CSR ႎ๔ᦠ㧔CRS Report㧕2007 ᐕ 12 ᦬‫ޟ‬EISA㧙ਥⷐ᧦㗄ࠨࡑ࡝࡯㧔Energy Independence and Security Act of 2007:A Summary of Major Provisions㧕‫ޠ‬
http://energy.senate.gov/public/_files/RL342941.pdf

8╙2┨┨ ㅪ㇌᡽ᐭ߹ߚߪో࿖࿅૕ߦࠃࠆࡊࡠࠣ࡜ࡓ

2.1

ⅣႺ଻⼔ᐡ㧔EPA㧕㧕㧔1㧕㧕 ਛዊડᬺᡰេࡊࡠࠣ࡜ࡓ᭎ⷰ
ᄙ᭽ߥਛዊડᬺᡰេ૕೙
ⅣႺ଻⼔ᐡ㧔Environmental Protection Agency: EPA㧕ߦࠃࠆਛዊડᬺᡰេߪ㧔1㧕ਛዊડᬺ⺖㧔Small Business Division: SBD)/ਛዊડᬺࠝࡦࡉ࠭ࡑࡦ⺖㧔Small Business Ombudsman: SBO㧕‫ޔ‬㧔2㧕࿾ၞߦ߅ߌࠆਛዊડᬺ࡝ࠛ࠱ࡦ૕೙‫ޔ‬㧔3㧕ో࿖ߩ EPA ࿾ၞ੐ോᚲߦᏱ㚢ߒߡ޿ࠆᛛⴚᜂ
ᒰ⠪‫ޔ‬㧔4㧕ࡎ࠶࠻࡜ࠗࡦ‫ࠬ࠙ࡂࠣࡦ࡝ࠕ࡝ࠢޔ‬㧔ᐢႎᯏ㑐㧕‫ޔ࡯࠲࡟ࠬ࡯ࡘ࠾ޔ‬಴ ‛‫ࠚ࠙ޔ‬ࡉࠨࠗ࠻╬ᄙ᭽ߥࠦࡒࡘ࠾ࠤ࡯࡚ࠪࡦࡔࠞ࠾࠭ࡓߩᢛ஻‫ޔ‬
㧔5㧕ࠦࡦࡊ࡜ࠗࠕࡦࠬᡰេ࠮ࡦ࠲࡯‫ޔ‬⎇ୃ࡮ᢎ⢒ࡊࡠࠣ࡜ࡓㆇ༡‫ߥ߆⚦߼߈ޔ╬ޔ‬ᡰេ૕೙ࠍㅢߓߡⴕࠊࠇߡ޿ࠆ11‫ޕ‬࿑ 1 EPA ߦࠃࠆਛዊડᬺᡰេ૕೙
)

)
)

)

)

಴ᚲ㧦EPA‫ޟ‬ਛዊડᬺะߌⅣႺᡰេࠨ࡯ࡆࠬ㧦࡝࠰࡯ࠬࠟࠗ࠼‫ޠ‬12ਛ ዊ ડ ᬺ ⺖ 㧔 Small Business Division: SBD)/ ਛ ዊ ડ ᬺ ࠝ ࡦ ࡉ ࠭ ࡑ ࡦ ⺖ 㧔 Small BusinessOmbudsman: SBO㧕13ߪ‫ޔ‬EPA ߇ᜬߟਛዊડᬺ㑐ㅪࡊࡠࠣ࡜ࡓߩᖱႎ߳ߩࠥ࡯࠻࠙ࠚࠗߣߒߡߩ
11

EPA‫ޟ‬ਛዊડᬺะߌⅣႺᡰេࠨ࡯ࡆࠬ㧦࡝࠰࡯ࠬࠟࠗ࠼㧔Environmental Assistance Services For Small
Businesses: A Resource Guide㧕‫ޠ‬2001 ᐕ 8 ᦬ http://www.epa.gov/sbo/pdfs/ea-resourceguide.pdf 㧔P.7㧕
12
ห਄
13
SBO ߪ SBD ߩਅㇱ⚵❱‫ޕ‬EPA ‫ޟ‬ਛዊડᬺⅣႺᡰេࡊࡠࡃࠗ࠳࡝࠰࡯ࠬ࠺ࠖ࡟ࠢ࠻࡝㧔A Resource Directory of
Small Business Environmental Assistance Providers㧕http://www.epa.gov/sbo/pdfs/sba-directory.pdf 㧔p. 6㧕

9ᯏ⢻ࠍᜂߞߡ޿ࠆઁ‫ޔ‬ਛዊડᬺߦኻߔࠆⅣႺⷙ೙ߦߟ޿ߡߩ⺑᣿߿ਛዊડᬺߩฦ⒳ࠕ࠼ࡏࠞࠪ
࡯ࠍᜂᒰߒߡ޿ࠆ‫ޕ‬14SBD/SBO ߪㅪ㇌᡽ᐭ߅ࠃ߮Ꮊ᡽ᐭߩⅣႺࡊࡠࠣ࡜ࡓߦ㑐ࠊࠅ‫ޔ‬ਛዊડᬺߩ࠾࡯࠭ࠍࡊࡠࠣ࡜ࡓߦ෻ᤋߐߖࠆࠃ߁ᔃដߌߡ޿ࠆ‫ޕ‬SBD/SBO ߪ߹ߚ‫ࠬࡦࠕࠗ࡜ࡊࡦࠦޔ‬ᡰេࠨ࡯ࡆࠬ߿࡝࠰࡯ࠬࡀ࠶࠻ࡢ࡯ࠢߩឭଏ߽ⴕߞߡ޿ࠆ15‫ޕ‬߹ߚ‫ޔ‬EPA ߩ࿾ᣇ▤ロ඙ߪਅ⸥࿑⴫ߩࠃ߁ߦ 10 ࡝࡯࡚ࠫࡦߦ඙ಽߐࠇߡ߅ࠅ‫ޔ‬࿾ၞߦ․᦭
ߥⅣႺ໧㗴ో⥸ߩᛠីࠍน⢻ߣߒ‫ߚ߹ޔ‬࿾ၞߦᩮᏅߒߚࡆࠫࡀࠬ㑐ଥ⠪߅ࠃ߮࿅૕߳ߩ߈߼⚦߿߆ߥࠨ࡯ࡆࠬࠍታ⃻ߔࠆࠃ߁ദജߒߡ޿ࠆ੐߇߁߆߇ࠊࠇࠆ‫ޕ‬ᓟ಴ߩਛዊડᬺࠥ࡯࠻࠙ࠚࠗ
ߩㇱಽߢ߽⸅ࠇࠆ߇‫▤ޔ‬ロ඙Ფ‫↥ޔ‬ᬺ೎ߦฦ⒳ⅣႺ໧㗴ߦ㑐ߔࠆ⇼໧ߦ╵߃‫ޔ‬ᛛⴚᡰេࠍឭଏ
ߔࠆኾ㐷ኅߩᬌ⚝߽น⢻ߢ޽ࠆ‫ޕ‬
࿑ 2

EPA ࿾ၞ੐ോᚲ಴ᚲ㧦

EPA ࠬࡕ࡯࡞ࡆࠫࡀࠬࠥ࡯࠻࠙ࠚࠗ16⋭ౝਛዊડᬺ㑐ㅪᵴേߩ⛔วߦะߌߡ
‫ޟ‬EPA ਛዊડᬺ㑐ㅪࠗ࠾ࠪࠕ࠴ࡉ߅ࠃ߮ᵴേ‫ޠ‬㧔Summary of EPA Small Business Initiatives andActivities17㧕ߦࠃࠆߣ‫ޔ‬EPA ߩᎺ࡟ࡌ࡞‫ޔ‬࿾ၞ࡟ࡌ࡞‫ޔ‬ㅪ㇌᡽ᐭ࡟ࡌ࡞ߦ߅ߌࠆࡊࡠࠣ࡜ࡓߪ
100 ࠍᢙ߃ࠆߣߐࠇ‫⋭ޔ‬ౝߩฦᜂᒰㇱ⟑ߦ߅ߌࠆᖱႎ࡮⋡⊛ᗧ⼂ߩ౒᦭‫ޔ‬ㅪ៤૕೙ߩ⏕┙߇㎛ߣߥࠆ‫ޕ‬

14

EPA ਛዊડᬺࠝࡦࡉ࠭ࡑࡦ⺖㧔Small Business Ombudsman: SBO㧕ߦߟ޿ߡ㧦http://www.epa.gov/sbo/aboutus.htm
EPA ‫ޟ‬ਛዊડᬺⅣႺᡰេࡊࡠࡃࠗ࠳࡝࠰࡯ࠬ࠺ࠖ࡟ࠢ࠻࡝㧔A Resource Directory of Small Business Environmental
Assistance Providers㧕‫ޠ‬http://www.epa.gov/sbo/pdfs/sba-directory.pdf 㧔p. 4㧕
15
ห਄(࡝࠰࡯ࠬ࠺ࠖ࡟ࠢ࠻࡝)㧔p. 6㧕
16ⅣႺ໧㗴ኾ㐷ኅᖱႎ㧦http://www.epa.gov/smallbusiness/experts.htm
17
EPA‫ޟ‬ਛዊડᬺࠗ࠾ࠪࠕ࠴ࡉᵴേⷐ⚂㧔Summary of EPA Small Business Initiatives and Activities㧕‫ޠ‬
http://www.epa.gov/sbo/pdfs/100initiatives.pdf

10EPA ߪ 2004 ᐕ 10 ᦬ߦਛዊડᬺᚢ⇛㧔ᡷቯ 㧕‫ޟ‬EPA ਛዊડᬺ㑐ㅪᵴേߩ⛔ว㧦ਛዊડᬺߩ
ⷐᦸߦᔕ߃ࠆᚢ⇛ߣߪʊታᣉ⸘↹ʊ㧔“Unifying EPA’s Small Business Activities: A Strategy to
Meet the Needs of Small Businesses – Implementation Plan18”㧕‫ ߪࠇߎޕߚߒ⴫⊒ࠍޠ‬SBD ߩਥዉߩਅ‫ޔ‬EPA ߩฦ⒳ࡊࡠࠣ࡜ࡓ߅ࠃ߮࿾ၞ੐ോዪߩઍ⴫ߦࠃߞߡ᭴ᚑߐࠇߚ‫ޔ‬EPA ਛዊડᬺࡢ࡯ࠠ
ࡦࠣࠣ࡞࡯ࡊ㧔EPA’s Small Business Workgroup㧕ߩᵴേᚑᨐ‛ߢ޽ࠆ‫ޕ‬หታᣉ⸘↹ߪ‫ޔ‬EPA ߩᄙ᭽ߥਛዊડᬺะߌᡰេࡊࡠࠣ࡜ࡓߦ⛔วᕈࠍᜬߚߖല₸ᕈࠍะ਄ߐߖࠆߎߣߢ‫ޔ‬ਛዊડᬺߩ
ⅣႺߦఝߒ޿⚻༡ታ⃻ߦะߌߚᡰេࠍలታߐߖࠆߎߣࠍਥ⌒ߣߒߡ߅ࠅ‫ޔ‬5 ߟߩขࠅ⚵ߺߣߒߡ‫ޔ‬1)໧㗴ߩ⹏ଔ࡮ಽᨆ‫ޔ‬2)ࠦࡒࡘ࠾ࠤ࡯࡚ࠪࡦ࡮ኻ⹤‫ޔ‬3)ࠕ࠼ࡏࠞࠪ࡯╬ߩᒝൻ‫ޔ‬4)ࠦࡦࡊ࡜
ࠗࠕࡦࠬᡰេ࠷࡯࡞ߩᡷༀ‫ޔ‬5)ડᬺߩขࠅ⚵ߺߦኻߔࠆ⹏ଔߣ⴫ᓆߩᯏળߩ⸳┙ࠍ᜼ߍߡ޿ࠆ19‫ޕ‬࿑ 3

EPA ਛዊડᬺᡰេᵴേߩ⛔೙ߦะߌߚ 5 ߟߩขࠅ⚵ߺ಴ᚲ㧦2004 ᐕ 10 ᦬‫ޟ‬EPA ਛዊડᬺ㑐ㅪᵴേߩ⛔ว㧦ਛዊડᬺߩⷐᦸߦᔕ߃ࠆᚢ⇛ߣߪ࡯ታᣉ⸘↹ʊ‫ޠ‬ᰴ㗄㧔(2)ࡊࡠࠣ࡜ࡓ㧕ߢ‫ޔ‬EPA ߦࠃࠆਥߥਛዊડᬺⅣႺ㑐ㅪࡊࡠࠣ࡜ࡓߦߟ޿ߡ‫ޔ‬ᡰេ࠲ࠗࡊࠍ㧔1㧕ࠦࡦࠨ࡞࠹ࠖࡦࠣࠨ࡯ࡆࠬ࡮ᖱႎߩឭଏ‫ޔ‬㧔2㧕㊄㌛⊛ᡰេ‫ޔ‬㧔3㧕⹺ቯ࡮ផᅑ‫⴫ޔ‬ᓆ
೙ᐲߩ 3 ߟߦ඙ಽߒߡ⹦ㅀߔࠆ‫ޕ‬ਛዊડᬺߦኻߔࠆⅣႺⷙ೙⽶ᜂߩシᷫߦ㑐ߔࠆភ⟎
EPA ߢߪ‫ޔ‬ਛዊડᬺߩⅣႺⷙ೙ߩ⽶ᜂࠍシᷫߔࠆߚ߼ߩភ⟎ࠍ⻠ߓߡ޿ࠆ‫ޕ‬ᓴⅣဳ␠ળࠍ⋡ᜰߔേ߈߇㜞߹ࠆਛ‫ޔ‬ⅣႺߦ㑐ߔࠆᴺᓞ߿ⷙ೙߇ᕆჇߒߡ߅ࠅ‫ޔ‬ਛዊડᬺߦߣߞߡߘࠇࠄߩⷙ
೙ࠍㆩ቞ߔࠆߎߣ߇ᄙᄢߥ⽶ᜂߦߥࠅ‫⚻ޔ‬༡ࠍ࿶ㄼߒߡ޿ࠆߣ޿߁໧㗴߇ᜰ៰ߐࠇߡ޿ࠆ‫ޕ‬ਛዊડᬺ߇ⅣႺⷙ೙ࠍㆩ቞ߔࠆߦ޽ߚࠅ‫ޔ‬EPA ߪ‫࡯࠰࡝ࠆ߆߆ߦࠬࡦࠕࠗ࡜ࡊࡦࠦߌߛࠆ߈ߢޔ‬ࠬࠍシᷫߔࠆߎߣࠍ⋡ᜰߒߡ޿ࠆ‫ޕ‬
1980 ᐕ‫ޔ‬㨬ⷙ೙ᨵエᴺ㧔The Regulatory Flexibility Act: RFA㧕㨭߇೙ቯߐࠇ‫ޔ‬EPA ߿ઁߩ⋭ᐡߦኻߒ‫ޔ‬ᣂߒ޿ᴺᓞ߿ⷙ೙ࠍ೙ቯߔࠆ㓙‫ޔ‬ਛዊડᬺ‫ޔ‬ਛዊⷙᮨߩ࿾ᣇ᡽ᐭ࡮⥄ᴦ૕‫ޔ‬㕖༡೑
18‫ޟ‬EPA ਛዊડᬺ㑐ㅪᵴേߩ⛔ว㧦ਛዊડᬺߩⷐᦸߦᔕ߃ࠆᚢ⇛ߣߪ࡯ታᣉ⸘↹ʊUnifying EPA’s Small Business
Activities: A Strategy to Meet the Needs of Small Businesses – Implementation Plan㧕‫ޠ‬2004 ᐕ 10 ᦬
http://www.epa.gov/sbo/pdfs/implementation-plan2004.pdf 㧔p. 2㧕
19
ห਄

11

࿅૕ߦਈ߃ࠆ⚻ᷣ⊛ᓇ㗀ࠍ੐೨ߦ⹏ଔߒ‫ߩߘޔ‬ჿࠍ࡞࡯࡞╷ቯࡊࡠ࠮ࠬߦ߅޿ߡ෻ᤋߔࠆࠃ߁‫ޔ‬ಽᨆ߅ࠃ߮ᚻ⛯߈਄ߩ࡞࡯࡞ࠍቯ߼ߚ‫ߩߘޕ‬ᓟ‫ޔ‬RFA ߦୃᱜ߇ട߃ࠄࠇ‫ޔ‬੐೨ߦᴺᓞ࡮ⷙ೙ߩ
ᓇ㗀ࠍክᩏߒ‫ޔ‬ਛዊડᬺ࡮᡽ᐭ࡮㕖༡೑࿅૕ߦߣߞߡᣂߒ޿ᴺᓞ࡮ⷙ೙߇ᄙᄢߥᖡᓇ㗀ࠍ෸߷ߔߣ್ᢿߐࠇߚ႐ว‫ࠍ࡞࡯࡞ߩߘޔ‬Ꮕߒᚯߔࠃ߁ߦቯ߼ߚ‫ޟ‬ਛዊડᬺⷙ೙ၫⴕ౏ᱜᴺ㧔The
Small Business Regulatory Enforcement Fairness Act: SBREFA㧕߇ 1996 ᐕߦ೙ቯߐࠇߚ‫ޕ‬
SBREFA ߪ‫ޔ‬ᰴߩ㧡ߟߩ㗄⋡ߦࠃߞߡ᭴ᚑߐࠇߡ޿ࠆ‫ޕ‬1㧕ⷙ೙ࠦࡦࡊ࡜ࠗࠕࡦࠬ◲ᤃൻ㧦ⷙ೙߿ࠟࠗ࠼߇ᐔᤃߢࠊ߆ࠅ߿ߔߊ⺑᣿ߐࠇߡ޿ࠆߎߣ‫ޕ‬
2㧕ⷙ೙ၫⴕᡷᱜ㧦ਛዊડᬺ߇ⷙ೙㆑෻ߒߚ႐วߩ⟏ೣߥߤࠍシᷫߔࠆน⢻ᕈ߽޽ࠆߎߣ‫ޕ‬
3㧕ⵙ್߳ߩ౏ᱜߥࠆࠕࠢ࠮ࠬ㧦⋙〈ቭᐡߩ࡞࡯࡞߇ㆊ೾ߢ޽ࠆߣ್ᢿߐࠇߚ႐ว‫ޔ‬ਛዊડᬺߩ
ᑯ⼔჻⾌↪߿ࠦࠬ࠻ߥߤࠍࠞࡃ࡯ߔࠆߎߣ‫ޕ‬
4㧕ⷙ೙ᨵエᴺୃᱜ᧦㗄㧦ⷙ೙┙᩺ࡊࡠ࠮ࠬߦਛዊડᬺ߇ࠃࠅᷓߊෳ↹ߢ߈ࠆࠃ߁ߦߔࠆߎߣ‫ޕ‬
5㧕⋭ᐡߩ࡞࡯࡞૞ᚑࡊࡠ࠮ࠬߩ⼏ળߦࠃࠆክᩏ㧦⼏ળ߅ࠃ߮᡽ᐭ⺑᣿⽿છዪ㧔Government
Accountability Office: GAO㧕ߦኻߒᔅⷐߥᖱႎࠍឭଏߔࠆ‫⼏ޕ‬ળߪࠤ࡯ࠬߦࠃߞߡߪ໧㗴ߩ࡞࡯࡞ࠍήലߦߒߡߒ߹߁ߎߣ߽ߢ߈ࠆ‫ޕ‬⃻࿷߹ߢ‫ޔ‬29 ࿁ߩਛዊડᬺ⻁໧ࡄࡀ࡞ߦࠃࠆክᩏ߇⚳ੌߒߡ߅ࠅ‫ޔߡ޿߅ߦࠬ࡯ࠤߩߡߴߔޔ‬ክᩏߩኻ⽎ߣߥߞߚ࡞࡯࡞߇ਛዊડᬺߦߣߞߡᖡᓇ㗀ࠍਈ߃ࠆߣߒߡ‫✭ߩ࡞࡯࡞ޔ‬๺߇ឭ⸒ߐ
ࠇߚ‫ޕ‬EPA ߪ‫⼏ޔ‬ળߦኻߒߡߎࠇ߹ߢ 2,500 એ਄ߩ⾗ᢱࠍឭ಴ߒ‫ޔ‬ⅣႺⷙ೙ࠦࡦࡊ࡜ࠗࠕࡦࠬ
ߩ߅ࠃ߷ߔਛዊડᬺ߳ߩⷙ೙⽶ᜂߦߟ޿ߡႎ๔ߒߡ޿ࠆ‫ޕ‬

㧔2㧕 ࡊࡠࠣ࡜ࡓ
ࠦࡦࠨ࡞࠹ࠖࡦࠣࠨ࡯ࡆࠬ࡮ᖱႎߩឭଏ
ࠣ࡝࡯ࡦࠨࡊ࡜ࠗࡗ࡯ࡀ࠶࠻ࡢ࡯ࠢ㧔GSN㧕
ࠣ࡝࡯ࡦࠨࡊ࡜ࠗࡗ࡯ࡀ࠶࠻ࡢ࡯ࠢ(Green Suppliers Network: GSN)ߪ‫ޔ‬EPA ߦࠃߞߡ⸳┙ߐࠇߚ໡ോ⋭ߣߩㅪ៤ࡊࡠࠣ࡜ࡓߢ޽ࠆ20‫ޕ‬ਛዊⷙᮨ⵾ㅧᬺ⠪ߩⅣႺ߳ߩᓇ㗀ࠍ೥ᷫߒߥ߇ࠄ‫ޔ‬ߘߩ┹੎ജߣ෼⋉ᕈࠍၷᜬߔࠆࠃ߁ᡰេࠍⴕ߁߽ߩߢ޽ࠆ21‫ޕ‬
GSN ߇ឭଏߔࠆ⸻ᢿࠨ࡯ࡆࠬߦࠃࠅ‫ޔ‬ਛዊડᬺߪ‫⺖ߩࠄ⥄ޔ‬㗴⸃᳿ߩᣇ╷ࠍᓧࠄࠇ‫▵⾌⚻ޔ‬ᷫߣหᤨߦ↢↥⢻ജߩჇᄢࠍታ⃻ߒ‫ޔ‬Ꮏ႐ߩ૞ᬺ⃻႐ߢ⋥ធᛛⴚ⎇ୃࠍฃߌ‫ޔ‬ᓥ᧪ߩ࡝࡯ࡦ↢↥ᛛⴚ㧔lean techniques㧕એ਄ߩ⚻⾌▵ᷫߣല₸ะ਄ࠍ㆐ᚑߒ‫ޔ‬ଏ⛎ࡊࡠ࠮ࠬߩะ਄ࠍ࿑ࠆ੐߇
಴᧪ࠆ22‫ޕ‬
GSN ߢߪ‫ޔ‬EPA ߩ࿖┙ⅣႺࠗࡁࡌ࡯࡚ࠪࡦ࠮ࡦ࠲࡯㧔National Center for Environmental
Innovation㧕ߣㅪ៤ߒߡ㐿⊒ߐࠇߚ‫ࡦ࡯࡝ޟ‬㧔ή㚝߇ߥ޿㧕ߢⅣႺߦఝߒ޿࠷࡯࡞ࠠ࠶࠻㧔Lean
and Environment Toolkit23㧕‫ࠍޠ‬ឭଏߒߡ߅ࠅ‫⵾ޔ‬ㅧᬺะߌߦ࡝࡯ࡦߢⅣႺߦఝߒ޿ડᬺㆇ༡24ߦᓎ┙ߟታ〣⊛ߥᣇᴺ߿ᚢ⇛ࠍ⚫੺ߒߡ޿ࠆ‫ޕ‬ᒰ⹥ࠠ࠶࠻ߪ⎇ୃ࠷࡯࡞ߣߒߡ߽᦭ലߢ޽ࠆߣߐ
ࠇߡ޿ࠆ‫ࡦ࡯࡝ࠢޔߚ߹ޕ‬਌ߟ࡝࡯ࡦߥขࠅ⚵ߺߦଥࠆኾ㐷ኅᖱႎࠍឭଏߔࠆ╬ߒߡ޿ࠆ‫ޕ‬
20

GSN㧔Green Suppliers Network: GSN㧕ߦߟ޿ߡ㧦 https://www.greensuppliers.gov/gsn/page.gsn?id=about
GSN㧔Green Suppliers Network: GSN㧕ߦߟ޿ߡ㧦https://www.greensuppliers.gov/gsn/home.gsn
22
GSN ߦߟ޿ߡ㧦 https://www.greensuppliers.gov/gsn/page.gsn?id=about
23࡝࡯ࡦߢⅣႺߦఝߒ޿࠷࡯࡞ࠠ࠶࠻ߦߟ޿ߡ㧦https://www.greensuppliers.gov/gsn/page.gsn?id=lean_clean24“࡝࡯ࡦ㧔lean㧕”ߣ޿߁ቯ⟵ࠍઃടଔ୯ߩߥ޿ᤨ㑆‫ޔ‬ഭ௛‫ࠍᧄ⾗ޔ‬㒰෰ߔࠆߣ޿߁ᓥ᧪ߩቯ⟵߆ࠄߐࠄߦⅣႺᑄ᫈‛߹ߢ᜛ᄢߒߡ૶↪ߔࠆߎߣߢ‫࡯ࠡ࡞ࡀࠛޔ‬ᶉ⾌߿᦭Ქឃ᳇ࠟࠬߩ೥ᷫ߳ߩข⚵ߺ߽฽߻߽ߩߣߒߡ޿
ࠆ‫ޕ‬https://www.greensuppliers.gov/gsn/page.gsn?id=tools21

12⴫ 2 GSNડᬺฬ
Byrne Electrical Specialists, Inc.

Har-Conn Chrome Company

Lehigh Press Puerto Rico

McNeil-PPC Inc.

Medegen Medical Manufacturing Services

Metal Finishing Technologies, Inc.

ᚑഞ଀

25

᭎ⷐ
ࠝࡈࠖࠬ߿૑ቛߦ߅ߌࠆ㈩✢Ꮏ੐ᬺ⠪‫ޕ‬GSN
ߩ⸻ᢿߦࠃࠅ‫ޔ‬ᐕ㑆 74 ࠻ࡦߦ਄ࠆ㜞Ớᐲᾲน႟ᕈࡐ࡝ࡑ࡯ߩ೥ᷫߦᚑഞߒ‫⚿ߩߘޔ‬ᨐᑄ᫈
‛ಣℂࠦࠬ࠻ߩ 10%▵ᷫࠍ㆐ᚑߒߚ‫⸻ޕ‬ᢿᓟߦ⥄ਥ⊛ߦ㐿௅ߒߚ 50 ࿁ߦ෸߱ࠞࠗ࠯ࡦࠗࡌ
ࡦ࠻ߦ߅޿ߡᓥᬺຬߩᗧ⼂ᡷ㕟ߦขࠅ⚵ߺ‫ޔ‬ᛩ⾗㗵 1 ߦኻߒ 5 ୚㊂ߩ࡝࠲࡯ࡦࠍ㆐ᚑߒߚ
ߣߒߡ޿ࠆ26‫ޕ‬․ߦ⥶ⓨ↥ᬺ߿ࡂࠗ࠹ࠢ⵾ຠࠍኾ㐷ߦ㔚᳇ࡔ࠶ࠠ߅ࠃ߮Ⴃⵝᬺോࠍⴕ߁ળ␠‫ޕ‬GSN ߦࠃࠆ⸻ᢿᓟ‫ޔ‬ᐕ㑆 424,500 ࠼࡞ߩ⚻⾌▵ᷫࠍ㆐ᚑ‫ޕ‬
GSN ߦࠃࠆࠛࡀ࡞ࠡ࡯૶↪ᩏቯᓟߦࠃࠆࠛࡀ
࡞ࠡ࡯૶↪㊂ߩ೥ᷫߪ 16%ߦߩ߷ߞߚ27‫ޕ‬ࡋ࡞ࠬࠤࠕ‫ޔ‬㘩ຠ‫⥸৻ઁߩߘޔ‬ᶖ⾌⠪ะߌ⵾ຠขࠅᛒ޿ᬺ⠪ะߌߦ‫ޔ‬᛬ࠅㄟߺᐢ๔߿࡜ࡌ
࡞ࠍ⵾ㅧ⽼ᄁߒߡ޿ࠆᓥᬺຬ 140 ฬ⒟ߩડᬺ‫ޕ‬
GSN ߩ⸻ᢿᓟ‫ޔ‬47,000 ࠼࡞ಽߩᑄ᫈‛೥ᷫߦᚑഞߒߚߣߐࠇࠆ28‫ޕ‬࡝ࠬ࠹࡝ࡦ╬ࡋ࡞ࠬࠤࠕ㑐ㅪ໡ຠࠍ⵾ㅧߒߡ
޿ࠆડᬺ‫ޕ‬GSN ߩឭ᩺ࠍណ↪ߔࠆ੐ߦࠃࠅ‫ޔ‬⵾ຠᑄ᫈‛ߩ 80%೥ᷫߦᚑഞߒ‫ޔ‬ᵞᵺ↪ߩ᳓૶↪㊂ࠍቢోߦߥߊߔߎߣ߽น⢻ߣ⷗Ⓧ߽ࠄࠇߡ޿ࠆ29‫ޕ‬ක≮↥ᬺะߌߩ኿಴ᚑᒻ㊄ဳ߅ࠃ߮ㇱຠ⵾ㅧડᬺ‫ޕ‬ᑄ᫈‛ಣℂⷙ೙߇෩ߒߊࠛࡀ࡞ࠡ࡯૶
↪㊂߽㜞޿ࠞ࡝ࡈࠜ࡞࠾ࠕᎺߦᚲ࿷ߔࠆห␠
ߪ‫ޔ‬GSN ߩ⸻ᢿᓟ‫ޔ‬660 ࠟࡠࡦߦ߅ࠃ߱ᴤ࿶
ࠝࠗ࡞ᑄ᫈‛೥ᷫ‫ޔ‬50%ߩෂ㒾ᑄ᫈‛೥ᷫ‫ޔ‬㔚᳇ᢱ㊄ߩᐕ㑆 2.3%೥ᷫ‫ޔઁߩߘޔ‬㔚ജᶖ⾌㊂‫ޔ‬Ბࡏ࡯࡞‫↪૶ࠢ࠶࠴ࠬ࡜ࡊޔ‬㊂ߩ೥ᷫߦᚑഞ
ߒߚ30‫ޕ‬⥶ⓨ‫⥄ޔ‬േゞ‫ޔ‬㔚᳇‫ޔࠕࠚ࠙࠼࡯ࡂޔ‬ᶏᵗ‫ޔ‬ක≮‫↥ࡓࠦ࡟࠹ޔ‬ᬺ╬‫ޔ‬᏷ᜪ޿ᬺ⇇ะߌߦࡔ
࠶ࠠ㊄ዻ⵾ຠࠍଏ⛎ߔࠆડᬺ‫ޕ‬GSN ߩ⸻ᢿᓟ‫ޔ‬᳓૶↪㊂ߦߟ޿ߡߪ 12 ਁࠟࡠࡦ‫ޔ‬࿕ᒻෂ㒾ൻቇ‛⾰ߩ૶↪㊂ߦߟ޿ߡߪ 1,200 ࡐࡦ࠼‫ޔ‬ᶧ૕ෂ㒾‛⾰ߩ૶↪㊂ߦߟ޿ߡߪ 130 ࠟࡠࡦ‫ߘޔ‬ࠇߙࠇ೥ᷫน⢻ߣߒߡ޿ࠆ‫ޔߚ߹ޕ‬16 ᯏߩߔߔ߉↪ᶎᮏࠍྃ኿ᑼߦ੤឵੍ቯߢ‫⚿ޔ‬ᨐ‫ޔ‬᳓૶↪㊂▵ᷫ㊂ߪ 100 ਁࠟࡠࡦߣߥࠅ‫ޔ‬ᐕ㑆

25

GSN ᚑഞ଀㧦https://www.greensuppliers.gov/gsn/page.gsn?id=success_stories
GSN ᚑഞ଀ࠃࠅ㧦https://www.greensuppliers.gov/gsn/page.gsn?id=byrne
27
GSN ᚑഞ଀ࠃࠅ㧦https://www.greensuppliers.gov/gsn/page.gsn?id=harconn
28
GSN ᚑഞ଀ࠃࠅ㧦https://www.greensuppliers.gov/gsn/page.gsn?id=lehigh29
GSN ᚑഞ଀ࠃࠅ㧦https://www.greensuppliers.gov/gsn/page.gsn?id=mcneil30
GSN ᚑഞ଀ࠃࠅ㧦https://www.greensuppliers.gov/gsn/page.gsn?id=medegen26

13

6,000 ࠼࡞ߩ⚻⾌▵ᷫߦߟߥ߇ࠆߣ੍ᗐߐࠇߡ
޿ࠆ31‫ޕ‬

Metalworks

Rapid-Line Inc.

Sermatechࡔ࠲࡞ࡈࠔࠗ࡝ࡦࠣ᫜ߩ⵾ㅧࠍⴕ߁ળ␠‫ޕ‬
GSN ߦࠃࠆ⸻ᢿᓟ‫ޔ‬1,600 ਁࠟࡠࡦߩ᳓૶↪㊂೥ᷫߦᚑഞߒ‫ޔ‬ᐕ㑆 3 ਁ࠼࡞ߩ⚻⾌▵ᷫߦᚑഞߒߚ‫ޔߚ߹ޕ‬ൻቇ‛⾰૶↪㊂ࠍ 20%೥ᷫߔࠆ੐ߦࠃࠅ‫ޔ‬ᐕ㑆 2 ਁ࠼࡞ߩ⚻⾌▵ᷫߦᚑഞߒߚ32‫ޕ‬ࠝࡈࠖࠬኅౕ‫⥄ޔ‬േゞ‫↥ઁߩߘޔ‬ᬺะߌߩ㋕⵾૞ᚲ‫ޕ‬GSN ߦࠃࠆ⸻ᢿᓟ‫ޔ‬ᄤὼࠟࠬ૶↪㊂
ߩ 4,400MCF ೥ᷫߦᚑഞߒ‫ޔ‬4 ਁ 6 ජ࠼࡞ߩ⚻⾌▵ᷫࠍታ⃻ߒߚ33‫ޕ‬⥶ⓨ↥ᬺะߌߩ㜞ᕈ⢻㒐ᓮႣⵝߩ㐿⊒߅ࠃ߮Ⴃⵝࠨ࡯ࡆࠬࠍឭଏߔࠆડᬺ‫ޕ‬GSN ߦࠃࠆ⸻ᢿߦࠃࠅ‫ޔ‬ෂ㒾ᑄ᫈‛ࠍ 30%એ਄‫ޔ‬㊀㊂ߦߒ
ߡ 2,000 ࡐࡦ࠼ಽ೥ᷫߔࠆ߶߆‫ޔ‬ᛩ᫈ࠦࠬ࠻ࠍ
ᐕ㑆 600 ࠼࡞એ਄▵ᷫน⢻ߛߣߒߡ޿ࠆ34‫ޕ‬ਛዊડᬺⅣႺࡎ࡯ࡓࡍ࡯ࠫ㧔Small Business Environmental Home Page㧕ਛዊડ ᬺᡰ េข ࠅ ⚵ߺ ߩ৻Ⅳ ߣߒ ߡ‫ޟ ޔ‬ਛዊ ડᬺⅣ Ⴚࡎ ࡯ࡓ ࡍ ࡯ࠫ 㧔 Small Business
Environmental Home Page㧕35‫ࠍޠ‬ㆇ༡ߒ‫ޔ‬ⅣႺࠦࡦࡊ࡜ࠗࠕࡦࠬ߅ࠃ߮ᳪᨴ㒐ᱛߦߟ޿ߡߩ৻⥸⊛ߥᖱႎࠍ⚫੺ߒߡ޿ࠆ‫ޕ‬ౝኈߪਅ⸥ 12 㗄⋡ߦᢛℂߐࠇߡ޿ࠆ‫ޕ‬Ԙ ࠾ࡘ࡯ࠬ࡮ࠗࡌࡦ࠻36ో☨ߢ⊒ⴕߐࠇߡ޿ࠆ⚂ 130 ⒳ߩⅣႺ଻ోߦ㑐ߔࠆ࠾ࡘ࡯ࠬ࡟࠲࡯ࠍᎺ೎ߦ✂⟜ߒߡ߅ࠅ‫ޔ‬
EPA ߩ SBO ߇಴ߒߡ޿ࠆ࠾ࡘ࡯ࠬ࡟࠲࡯߽ឝタߒߡ޿ࠆ‫ޔߚ߹ޕ‬ฦ⒳࿅૕ߦࠃࠆળ⼏㐿௅ᖱႎ‫ޔ‬ࠛ࠽ࠫ࡯ࠬ࠲࡯ߩࠝࡦ࡜ࠗࡦ⎇ୃᖱႎ߇㗫❥ߦᦝᣂߐࠇ‫ޔ‬ⅣႺ໧㗴ߩ࠹࡯ࡑ߿㐿௅ᣣ‫ޔ‬㐿௅࿾ၞߦࠃࠆᬌ⚝߇น⢻ߣߥߞߡ޿ࠆ‫ޕ‬ԙ ਛዊડᬺᡰេᖱႎ37
EPA ߩࠦࡦࡊ࡜ࠗࠕࡦࠬᡰេ࡝࠰࡯ࠬᖱႎ‫ޔ‬ਥⷐߥਛዊડᬺ㑐ㅪ಴ ‛‫ޔ‬ਛዊડᬺⅣႺᡰេ
ࡊࡠࠣ࡜ࡓ㧔Small Business Environmental Assistance Programs: SBEAPs㧕ߦߟ޿ߡߩ໧޿วࠊߖ
వ‫ޔ‬Ꮊ೎ⅣႺ଻⼔ዪ߳ߩ࡝ࡦࠢ‫ޔ‬ⅣႺⷙ೙ᖱႎ‫ޔ‬ᚑഞ଀‫ޔ‬ਛዊડᬺⅣႺᡰេࡊࡠࡃࠗ࠳ᖱႎ╬ߦߟ޿ߡߩᖱႎࠍឝタߒߡ޿ࠆ‫ޕ‬

31

GSN ᚑഞ଀ࠃࠅ㧦https://www.greensuppliers.gov/gsn/page.gsn?id=mft
GSN ᚑഞ଀ࠃࠅ㧦https://www.greensuppliers.gov/gsn/page.gsn?id=metalworks
33
GSN ᚑഞ଀ࠃࠅ㧦https://www.greensuppliers.gov/gsn/page.gsn?id=rapid-line
34
GSN ᚑഞ଀ࠃࠅ㧦https://www.greensuppliers.gov/gsn/page.gsn?id=sermatech
35
ਛዊડᬺⅣႺࡎ࡯ࡓࡍ࡯ࠫࠃࠅ㧦http://www.smallbiz-enviroweb.org/
36
ਛዊડᬺⅣႺࡎ࡯ࡓࡍ࡯ࠫࠃࠅ㧦http://www.smallbiz-enviroweb.org/news/news.html
37
ਛዊડᬺⅣႺࡎ࡯ࡓࡍ࡯ࠫࠃࠅ㧦http://www.smallbiz-enviroweb.org/sba/sba.html
3214Ԛ ࠦࡦࡊ࡜ࠗࠕࡦࠬ࡮ࠕ࠼ࡃࠗࠩ࡝࡯ࡄࡀ࡞38ㅪ㇌᡽ᐭ߅ࠃ߮Ꮊ᡽ᐭߩࠦࡦࡊ࡜ࠗࠕࡦࠬ࡮ࠕ࠼ࡃࠗࠩ࡝࡯ࡄࡀ࡞㧔National Compliance
Advisory Panel: CAP㧕ߦߟ޿ߡ‫ޔ࠻࡯ࠪ࠻ࠢࠔࡈࠇߙࠇߘޔ‬ળຬᖱႎ‫ߩ╬࡯࠲࡟ࠬ࡯ࡘ࠾ޔ‬ᖱႎࠍ✂⟜ߒߡ޿ࠆ‫ޕ‬ԛ ⅣႺࠦࡦࡊ࡜ࠗࠕࡦࠬ39
ਥⷐߥⅣႺᴺⷙ೙ߩⷐ⚂‫ⷙޔ‬೙ߦ㑐ߔࠆ࠺࡯࠲ࡌ࡯ࠬ‫ⷙޔ‬೙࡮ࠦࡦࡊ࡜ࠗࠕࡦࠬㆩ቞ࠞ࡟ࡦ
࠳࡯ߥߤߩ࠷࡯࡞‫ޔ‬ᣂⷙ೙ߦ㑐ߔࠆᖱႎ‫ࠬࡦࠕࠗ࡜ࡊࡦࠦޔ‬ᡰេ࠮ࡦ࠲࡯㧔Compliance AssistanceCenters㧕‫ޔ‬ฦᎺ᡽ᐭߦ߅ߌࠆⅣႺ㑐ㅪᜂᒰㇱ⟑߳ߩ࡝ࡦࠢߣਛዊડᬺะߌᡰេࡊࡠࠣ࡜ࡓ㧔ࠦࡦࡊ࡜ࠗࠕࡦࠬᡰេࠍ฽߻㧕40ߩᖱႎ╬ࠍ✂⟜ߒߡ޿ࠆ‫ޕ‬Ԝ ಴ ‛‫ࠝ࠺ࡆޔ࠻࡯ࠪ࠻ࠢࠔࡈޔ‬41ㅪ㇌࡮Ꮊ᡽ᐭ‫⾏ޔ‬ᤃ࿅૕ߩ಴ ‛ࠍᎺ೎‫↥ޔ‬ᬺ೎‫ޔ‬ⅣႺ࠻ࡇ࠶ࠢ೎ߦᬌ⚝಴᧪ࠆ߶߆‫ޔ‬ⅣႺ໧㗴ߦ㑐ߔࠆࡆ࠺ࠝߦߟ޿ߡ߽ห᭽ߩᬌ⚝߇น⢻ߢ޽ࠆ‫ޕ‬ԝ ᬺ❣⹏ଔ42ㅪ㇌᡽ᐭ߿Ꮊ᡽ᐭ╬߇ታᣉߔࠆᡰេࡊࡠࠣ࡜ࡓߦኻߔࠆᬺ❣⹏ଔߩᚻᴺ߿ᚑഞ੐଀ࠍឝタߒߡ޿ࠆ‫ޕ‬Ԟ ᳪᨴ㒐ᱛ/ISO1400043
ⅣႺࡌࠬ࠻ࡑࡀࠫࡔࡦ࠻ࡊ࡜ࠢ࠹ࠖࠬ㧔Environmental Best Management Practice: BMP)ߦ㑐ߔࠆࡈࠔࠢ࠻ࠪ࡯࠻ߢߪ‫⾗ޔ‬Ḯߩ૶↪㊂೥ᷫߣ࡝ࠨࠗࠢ࡞ദജߦࠃࠅᳪᨴ㒐ᱛߦᚑഞߒߚ੐଀ࠍ
↥ᬺ೎ߦ⚫੺ߒߡ޿ࠆ‫ޔઁߩߘޕ‬ⅣႺ▤ℂᛛⴚ‫ޔ‬ISO14000 ࡝࠰࡯ࠬ‫ޔ‬ᳪᨴ㒐ᱛ߿࡝ࠨࠗࠢ࡞ߦ
㑐ߔࠆᖱႎࠍ⚫੺ߒߡ޿ࠆ‫ޕ‬ԟ ↥ᬺ࠮ࠢ࠲44
42 ߩ↥ᬺ࠮ࠢ࠲೎ߦ㑐ଥߩᷓ޿ฦ⒳࿅૕߅ࠃ߮᡽ᐭᯏ㑐ߩ࡝ࡦࠢࠍ✂⟜ߒߡ޿ࠆ‫ޕ‬ⅣႺᡰេ࠮ࡦ࠲࡯╬‫ޔ‬ᣢ಴ߩౝኈߣ㊀ⶄߔࠆㇱಽ߽޽ࠆ‫ޕ‬Ԡ ⽷᡽ᡰេᖱႎ45
Ꮊ᡽ᐭߦࠃࠆ⽷᡽ᡰេࡊࡠࠣ࡜ࡓ߳ߩ࡝ࡦࠢࠍឝタߒߡ޿ࠆઁ‫ޔ‬ㅪ㇌᡽ᐭ߿ NPO ߦࠃࠆ⽷᡽ᡰេࡊࡠࠣ࡜ࡓߩㆊ෰ߩ੐଀߽ᬌ⚝น⢻‫ޕ‬ԡ ో☨ਛዊડᬺ⽷᡽ᡰេࡢ࡯ࠢࠣ࡞࡯ࡊ㧔National Small Business Financial Assistance Work46Group : NSBFAWG㧕
ਛዊડᬺࠍኻ⽎ߣߒߚⅣႺ㑐ㅪߩ⽷᡽ᡰេࠍᜂᒰߔࠆㅪ㇌࡮Ꮊ࡮࿾ᣇ⥄ᴦ૕ߩᜂᒰቭะߌߩ
ᖱႎࠢ࡝ࠕ࡝ࡦࠣࡂ࠙ࠬߣߒߡߩᯏ⢻ࠍᨐߚߔࠣ࡞࡯ࡊߩ࠙ࠚࡉࠨࠗ࠻‫ޕ‬ᣂߚߦ⽷᡽ᡰេࠍ㐿ᆎߔࠆ‫ޔߪߚ߹ޔ‬ᣢሽࡊࡠࠣ࡜ࡓߩᡷༀࠍ࿑ࠆ㓙ߦෳ⠨ߣߥࠆᖱႎࠍឝタ‫ޕ‬Ԣ ਛㇱᄢ⷏ᵗጯ࿾඙ਛዊડᬺᡰេ47
38

ਛዊડᬺⅣႺࡎ࡯ࡓࡍ࡯ࠫࠃࠅ㧦http://www.smallbiz-enviroweb.org/cap/programs_cap.html
ਛዊડᬺⅣႺࡎ࡯ࡓࡍ࡯ࠫࠃࠅ㧦http://www.smallbiz-enviroweb.org/compliance/compliance.html
40 ਛዊડᬺⅣႺࡎ࡯ࡓࡍ࡯ࠫࠃࠅ㧦http://www.smallbiz-enviroweb.org/sba/seasbapweb.html
41
ਛዊડᬺⅣႺࡎ࡯ࡓࡍ࡯ࠫࠃࠅ㧦http://www.smallbiz-enviroweb.org/pub_video/pubs_videos.html
42
ਛዊડᬺⅣႺࡎ࡯ࡓࡍ࡯ࠫࠃࠅ㧦http://www.smallbiz-enviroweb.org/perfmeas/perf.html
43
ਛዊડᬺⅣႺࡎ࡯ࡓࡍ࡯ࠫࠃࠅ㧦http://www.smallbiz-enviroweb.org/pollution/pollution.html
44ਛዊડᬺⅣႺࡎ࡯ࡓࡍ࡯ࠫࠃࠅ㧦http://www.smallbiz-enviroweb.org/industry/industry.html
45
ਛዊડᬺⅣႺࡎ࡯ࡓࡍ࡯ࠫࠃࠅ㧦http://www.smallbiz-enviroweb.org/funding/funding.html
46
ਛዊડᬺⅣႺࡎ࡯ࡓࡍ࡯ࠫࠃࠅ㧦http://www.smallbiz-enviroweb.org/NSBFAWG/NSBFAWG.html
47
ਛዊડᬺⅣႺࡎ࡯ࡓࡍ࡯ࠫࠃࠅ㧦http://www.smallbiz-enviroweb.org/mid-atl/mid-atl.html
3915

࠺࡜࠙ࠚࠕ‫࠻ࡦࠪࡢޔࠕ࠾ࠫ࡯ࡃ࠻ࠬࠛ࠙ޔࠕ࠾ࠫ࡯ࡃޔࠕ࠾ࡌ࡞ࠪࡦࡍޔ࠼ࡦ࡜࡯࡝ࡔޔ‬ࡦ DC ߦᚲ࿷ߔࠆਛዊડᬺะߌߦᛛⴚᡰេ‫࠻ࠬࠦޔ‬೥ᷫ‫ޔࡀࠛ⋭ޔ‬ⅣႺᛛⴚ㐿⊒‫⽷ޔ‬᡽ᡰេᖱႎ╬ࠍឭଏ‫ޕ‬ԣ SBO/SBEAP ࡝ࠬ࠻ࠨ࡯ࡉ48
ਛዊડᬺ߇ⅣႺ㑐ㅪⷙ೙ࠦࡦࡊ࡜ࠗࠕࡦࠬ߿ⅣႺᳪᨴ㒐ᱛߦ㑐ߔࠆࠕࠗ࠺ࠕࠍ౒᦭ߔࠆ႐ߣ
ߒߡ⸳ቯߐࠇߡ߅ࠅ‫ޔ‬ਛዊડᬺࠍߪߓ߼ߣߒ‫⎇ޔ‬ⓥ⠪‫ޔ‬ᢎ⢒㑐ଥ⠪‫⾏ޔ‬ᤃ࿅૕╬ߦട౉ࠍᅑബ
ߒߡ޿ࠆ‫ޕ‬ਛዊડᬺࠥ࡯࠻࠙ࠚࠗ49
ਛዊડᬺࠥ࡯࠻࠙ࠚࠗ㧔Small Business Gateway㧕ߪ‫ޔ‬ਛዊડᬺߦߣߞߡⅣႺࡑࡀࠫࡔࡦ࠻ߦ
㑐ߔࠆᖱႎ෼㓸ߩࠬ࠲࡯࠻࿾ὐߣߒߡ૏⟎ߠߌࠄࠇߡ޿ࠆ‫ޕ‬ⅣႺࡑࡀࠫࡔࡦ࠻ಽ㊁ߢਛዊડᬺ
ะߌߣߐࠇࠆ㊄㌛⊛ᡰេࡊࡠࠣ࡜ࡓ߿‫ⷙޔ‬೙ㆩ቞߿ࠦࠬ࠻▵ᷫߦᵈജߒߚᛛⴚ⊛ᡰេࡊࡠࠣ࡜
ࡓߦߟ޿ߡߩᖱႎࠍ⚫੺ߒߡ޿ࠆ‫ߪ⚦⹦ޕ‬એਅߩㅢࠅ㧦Ԙ ৻⥸ᖱႎ50
EPA‫ޔ‬໡ോ⋭‫ޔ‬ਛዊડᬺᐡ╬‫ߥ⊛⥸৻ߊߏޔ‬ਛዊડᬺߦ㑐ࠊࠆⅣႺ᡽╷߿ⷙ೙ᖱႎ╬ࠍ೉⸥ߒߡ޿ࠆ‫ޕ‬ԙ ⅣႺᡰេ‫ୃ⎇ޔ‬51
EPA ߩ SBO‫ޔ‬ਛዊડᬺ⎇ୃ‫ޔ‬ᵹၞࠕࠞ࠺ࡒ࡯㧔EPA Watershed Academy㧕‫▤ࠢࠬ࡝ޔ‬ℂ߅ࠃ߮ൻቇ‛⾰੐᡿ኻ╷ࡊࡠࠣ࡜ࡓ‫ޔ‬ㄘ⮎߿ㄘᬺᓥ੐⠪ะߌߩ቟ోኻ╷ߦ㑐ߔࠆᖱႎ‫ࠗ࡜ࡊࡦࠦޔ‬ࠕࡦࠬߦ㑐ߔࠆ EPA ߩᡰេ‫ޔ‬ᳪᨴ㒐ᱛߦ㑐ߔࠆᖱႎ‫᦭ઁߩߘޔ‬ኂᑄ᫈‛ࡑ࠾ࡘࠕ࡞╬಴ ‛ࠍឝタߒߡ޿ࠆ‫ޕ‬Ԛ ⅣႺ㑐ㅪ໧㗴ㅪ⛊వ෸߮ኾ㐷ኅᖱႎ52
Ꮊ೎ߦⅣႺ໧㗴ኾ㐷ኅ߿ⅣႺ㑐ㅪฦ⒳ᯏ㑐ࠍᬌ⚝น⢻ߢ޽ࠆ‫ޔઁߩߘޕ‬ㄘᬺ‫⥄ޔ‬േゞࠨ࡯ࡆࠬ‫⑼ޔ‬ቇ‫ޔ‬࿾ᣇ⥄ᴦ૕‫ޔ‬㊄ዻ᧚⴫㕙ടᎿ‫ޔ‬Ⴃⵝ࡮ࡔ࠶ࠠ‫࠻ࡦ࡝ࡊޔ‬㈩✢᧼‫ޔ‬ශ೚‫ޔ‬ㆇャߩ 9 ߟߩ↥ᬺ೎ߦࠦࡦࡊ࡜ࠗࠕࡦࠬᖱႎ߅ࠃ߮ⅣႺᳪᨴ㒐ᱛᖱႎኾ㐷ኅߩᬌ⚝߇น⢻ߢ޽ࠆ‫ޕ‬ԛ ⅣႺⷙ೙ᴺߦ㑐ߔࠆᖱႎ53
ⅣႺ໧㗴ో⥸ߦ㑐ߔࠆᴺᓞ‫ⷙޔ‬೙‫ޔ‬ᴺ᩺╬߇ᬌ⚝น⢻‫ޕ‬Ԝ ⽷᡽ᡰេᖱႎ54
EPA ߦࠃࠆ SBIR ߅ࠃ߮ߘߩઁഥᚑ㊄ᖱႎࠍฦ⒳ឝタ‫ޕ‬ᓟ಴ߩࠛࡀ࡞ࠡ࡯⋭ߣߩㅪ៤ߦࠃࠆ
ࠛ࠽ࠫ࡯ࠬ࠲࡯਄ߩ⽷᡽ᡰេ࡝࠰࡯ࠬ࠺ࠖ࡟ࠢ࠻࡝‫ ╙ޔ‬3 ┨ߢ⹦⚦⚫੺ߔࠆᎺ೎ߩ⽷᡽ᡰេࡊࡠࠣ࡜ࡓ╬‫ޔ‬ฦ⒳࡝ࡦࠢࠍឝタ‫ޕ‬48

ਛዊડᬺⅣႺࡎ࡯ࡓࡍ࡯ࠫࠃࠅ㧦http://www.smallbiz-enviroweb.org/list/maillist.html
EPA ਛዊડᬺࠥ࡯࠻࠙ࠚࠗࠃࠅ㧦http://www.epa.gov/smallbusiness/
50
EPA ਛዊડᬺࠥ࡯࠻࠙ࠚࠗࠃࠅ㧦http://www.epa.gov/smallbusiness/geninfo.htm
51
EPA ਛዊડᬺࠥ࡯࠻࠙ࠚࠗࠃࠅ㧦http://www.epa.gov/smallbusiness/help.htm
52
EPA ਛዊડᬺࠥ࡯࠻࠙ࠚࠗࠃࠅ㧦http://www.epa.gov/smallbusiness/experts.htm
ߥ߅‫޿ߒ⹦ࠅࠃޔ‬Ꮊ೎ⅣႺ㑐ㅪฦ⒳ᯏ㑐ߩ࡝ࠬ࠻ߪߎߜࠄ㧦http://www.epa.gov/epahome/state.htm
53
EPA ਛዊડᬺࠥ࡯࠻࠙ࠚࠗࠃࠅ㧦http://www.epa.gov/smallbusiness/regs.htm
54
EPA ਛዊડᬺࠥ࡯࠻࠙ࠚࠗࠃࠅ㧦http://www.epa.gov/smallbusiness/money.htm
49

16ࠛ࠽ࠫ࡯ࠬ࠲࡯
ࠛ࠽ࠫ࡯ࠬ࠲࡯㧔Energy Star㧕ߪ EPA ߣࠛࡀ࡞ࠡ࡯⋭ߣߩㅪ៤ࡊࡠࠣ࡜ࡓߣߒߡ‫ޔ‬1992 ᐕߦ㐿ᆎߐࠇߚ55‫ޕ‬એ᧪‫ޔ‬ᄢડᬺࠍᔨ㗡ߦ⟎޿ߡ޿ߚ߇‫ߩߘޔ‬ᓟਛዊડᬺࠍኻ⽎ߣߒߚขࠅ⚵ߺ߽ᒝൻߒ‫ޔ‬ήᢱߢ⽷᡽ᡰេᖱႎ‫ࡓ࡜ࠣࡠࡊޔ‬ᚑഞ੐଀‫ޔ‬ኾ㐷ኅᖱႎ‫⹺࡯࠲ࠬ࡯ࠫ࠽ࠛޔ‬ቯ⵾ຠ╬ߩᄙ᭽ߥᖱႎࠍឭଏߒߡ޿ࠆ56‫ޕ‬ࠛ࠽ࠫ࡯ࠬ࠲࡯ߪ☨࿖ߢᦨ߽ᚑഞߒߚቭ᳃දജߩ੐଀ߣߒߡ߽⦟ߊ⍮ࠄࠇߡ޿ࠆ‫ޕ‬ዊᄁᬺ⠪‫ޔ‬⵾ㅧᬺ⠪‫ޔ‬㔚ജળ␠ࠍᏎ߈ㄟߺ‫ޔ‬ᑪ‛ߩ⸳஻㕙߆ࠄ᭴ㅧ߹ߢߩో૕ࠍ⷗ᝪ߃ߚ⋭ࠛࡀኻ╷ࠍታ⃻ߔߴߊ‫ࡀࠛ⋭ޔ‬ᵴേࠍផㅴߒ‫ޔ‬ᶖ⾌⠪ߦኻߔࠆౕ૕⊛ߥ⋭ࠛࡀኻ╷ᴺࠍᢎ⢒ߒߡ޿ࠆ‫ޕ‬ࠛࡀ࡞ࠡ࡯⋭ߪ 2005 ᐕߦߪቭ᳃วࠊߖߡ 8,000 એ਄ߩࡄ࡯࠻࠽࡯ࡀ࠶࠻ࡢ࡯ࠢࠍ⹶ࠅ‫ޔ‬2 ਁᐫ⥩ࠍᛴ߃ࠆ 800 ߩዊᄁᬺ⠪߅ࠃ߮㔚᳇⵾ຠ‫Ⱟ࠻ࠢࡄࡦࠦޔ⓹ޔ‬శἮ╬ࠍ⵾ㅧߔࠆਥⷐߥ⵾ㅧ
ᬺ⠪ߣߩㅪ៤ࠍታ⃻ߒߚ‫ޔઁߩߘޕ‬7,500 ਁ਎Ꮺߦࠨ࡯ࡆࠬࠍឭଏߒߡ޿ࠆว⸘ 450 ߩ࡙࡯࠹ࠖ
࡝࠹ࠖ࡯ળ␠߅ࠃ߮࿾ၞ࿅૕ࠄ޿ࠊࠁࠆ‫ߣޠ࡯ࠨࡦࡐࠬࡓ࡜ࠣࡠࡊࡀࠛ⋭ޟ‬ㅪ៤ߒ‫࡯ࠫ࠽ࠛޔ‬ࠬ࠲࡯⹺ቯ⵾ຠ߳ߩォ឵ࠍᅑബߒߡ޿ࠆ‫⹺࡯࠲ࠬ࡯ࠫ࠽ࠛޕ‬ቯ⵾ຠߪᐔဋ 10-30%ߩ⋭ࠛࡀࠍታ⃻57ߒߡ߅ࠅ‫⵾ޔ‬ຠߪ⃻࿷ 60 ඙ಽ58ߦಽ㘃ߐࠇߡ޿ࠆ‫ޕ‬ࠛ࠽ࠫ࡯ࠬ࠲࡯ࠍㅢߓߡ‫ޔ‬2005 ᐕߛߌߢ߽ 1,500 ంࠠࡠࡢ࠶࠻ࠕࡢ࡯ߩ▵㔚‫ޔ‬120 ం࠼࡞ಽߩ㔚᳇ᢱ㊄ߩ▵ᷫߦᚑഞߒߡ޿ࠆ59‫ޔߦᦝޕ‬2007 ᐕᐲࠛ࠽ࠫ࡯ࠬ࠲࡯ᐕᰴႎ๔ᦠߦࠃࠆߣ‫ޔ‬㔚᳇ᢱ㊄ߦߒߡ 160 ం࠼࡞એ਄ߩ▵⚂‫ޔ‬㔚ജᶖ⾌㊂ 1,800 ంࠠࡠࡢ࠶࠻ࠕࡢ࡯ಽ㧔☨࿖ߩ㔚ജ㔛
ⷐߩ 5%ߦ⋧ᒰ㧕ߩ▵㔚‫ޔ‬᷷ቶലᨐࠟࠬߩឃ಴㊂ 40MMTCE(100 ਁ὇⚛឵▚࠻ࡦ)ߩ೥ᷫߦᚑഞ
ߒߚ‫⹺࡯࠲ࠬ࡯ࠫ࠽ࠛޕ‬ቯߩ⵾ຠ⾼౉ᢙߪหᐕᐲߦߒߡ⚂ 5 ంὐߦ਄ࠅ‫ޔ‬1992 ᐕߩࡊࡠࠣ࡜ࡓ
⊒⿷એ᧪ߩ⚥Ⓧ⵾ຠ⾼౉ᢙߪ 25 ంὐߣߥߞߚ60‫ޕ‬ర‫ޘ‬ᄢડᬺࠍਛᔃߦേ޿ߡ߈ߚࠛ࠽ࠫ࡯ࠬ࠲࡯ࠍ੹ᓟߤߩࠃ߁ߦਛዊડᬺߦᶐㅘߐߖߡ޿ߊ
߆߇‫ޔ‬㊀ⷐߣߥߞߡ޿ߊߛࠈ߁61‫ߩߘޕ‬ὐ‫ޔ‬2007 ᐕᐲߩో☨⥄േゞ࠺ࠖ࡯࡜࡯දળ㧔The National
Automobile Dealers Association㧦NADA㧕ߩࠕ࠙࠻࡝࡯࠴ᵴേߪᵈ⋡ߦ୯ߔࠆ‫ޕ‬NADA ߩᵴേߦࠃࠅหᐕᐲౝߦో☨ 500 ᐫ⥩એ਄ߩ⽼ᄁᐫ߇ࠛ࠽ࠫ࡯ࠬ࠲࡯ਛዊડᬺࡀ࠶࠻ࡢ࡯ࠢߦෳടߒߚ‫ޕ‬ߥ߅‫ޔ‬หᐕᐲ‫ޔ‬NADA ߪࠛ࠽ࠫ࡯ࠬ࠲࡯߇ឭଏߔࠆฦ⒳࠷࡯࡞߿࡝࠰࡯ࠬߦ㑐ߔࠆ⎇ୃᵴേࠍ300 ฬએ਄ߩળຬߦኻߒߡⴕߞߚ‫ ߩߎޕ‬NADA ߩ଀ߩ᭽ߦ‫ޔ‬ᬺ⇇࿅૕߇ਛዊડᬺߣࠛ࠽ࠫ࡯ࠬ
࠲࡯ࠍ⚿߮ߟߌࠆⷐߣߒߡਥዉ⊛ᓎഀࠍᨐߚߒߚ଀ߪ 2007 ᐕߦߪ 2 ୚ࠍᢙ߃‫੹ޔ‬ᓟߩᒰ⹥ࡊࡠ
ࠣ࡜ࡓߩਛዊડᬺ߳ߩᶐㅘൻࠍផߒㅴ߼ࠆ㓙ߦ‫࠴࡯࡝࠻࠙ࠕޔ‬ᵴേߦ㑐ߒߡߪฦ⒳ᬺ⇇࿅૕ߣߩ࠴ࡖࡀ࡞ߩ᦭ലᵴ↪߇ᓧ╷ߩ߭ߣߟߢ޽ࠆ62ߣಽ߆ࠆ‫ޕ‬55ࠛ࠽ࠫ࡯ࠬ࠲࡯ߦߟ޿ߡ㧦http://www.energystar.gov/index.cfm?c=about.ab_indexࠛ࠽ࠫ࡯ࠬ࠲࡯ߩ㐿ᆎᒰೋߩኻ⽎ડᬺߦߟ޿ߡ㧦2009 ᐕ 3 ᦬ߦࡢࠪࡦ࠻ࡦࠦࠕ߇ⴕߞߚో☨ਛዊડᬺදળ㧔NSBA㧕߳ߩ⋥ធ⡞߈ขࠅ⺞ᩏࠃࠅ‫ޕ‬NSBA ஥㧦Mr. Kyle Kempf, Senior Director of Government Affairs
56ਛዊડᬺኻ⽎ࠛ࠽ࠫ࡯ࠬ࠲࡯㧦http://www.energystar.gov/index.cfm?c=small_business.sb_index
57ࠛ࠽ࠫ࡯ࠬ࠲࡯ߦߟ޿ߡ㧦http://www1.eere.energy.gov/office_eere/pdfs/energystar1_fs.pdf 㧔p. 1㧕
58ࠛ࠽ࠫ࡯ࠬ࠲࡯⹺ቯ⵾ຠ㧦http://www.energystar.gov/index.cfm?fuseaction=find_a_product.
59ࠛ࠽ࠫ࡯ࠬ࠲࡯ߦߟ޿ߡ㧦http://www1.eere.energy.gov/office_eere/pdfs/energystar1_fs.pdf 㧔p. 2㧕
602007 ᐕᐲࠛ࠽ࠫ࡯ࠬ࠲࡯ᐕᰴႎ๔ᦠ㧦
http://www.energystar.gov/ia/partners/publications/pubdocs/2007%20Annual%20Report%20-%20Final%20-11-10-08.pdf
㧔P. 2㧕
61
2009 ᐕ 3 ᦬ߦࡢࠪࡦ࠻ࡦࠦࠕ߇ⴕߞߚ NSBA ߳ߩ⋥ធ⡞߈ขࠅ⺞ᩏࠃࠅ‫ޕ‬NSBA ஥㧦Mr. Kyle Kempf, SeniorDirector of Government Affairs
62

2007 ᐕᐲࠛ࠽ࠫ࡯ࠬ࠲࡯ᐕᰴႎ๔ᦠ㧦
http://www.energystar.gov/ia/partners/publications/pubdocs/2007%20Annual%20Report%20-%20Final%20-11-10-08.pdf
㧔P. 26㧕

17࿑ 4ࠛ࠽ࠫ࡯ࠬ࠲࡯ߦࠃࠆലᨐ 1㧦㧦㔚᳇ᢱ㊄ߩ▵ᷫ㗵಴ᚲ㧦2007 ᐕࠛ࠽ࠫ࡯ࠬ࠲࡯ᐕᰴႎ๔ᦠ

࿑ 5ࠛ࠽ࠫ࡯ࠬ࠲࡯ߦࠃࠆലᨐ 2㧦㧦⥄േゞᢙߦ឵▚ߒߚឃ಴ࠟࠬ೥ᷫ㊂಴ᚲ㧦2007 ᐕࠛ࠽ࠫ࡯ࠬ࠲࡯ᐕᰴႎ๔ᦠ

⴫ 3

㔚ൻ⵾ຠ

63

ࠛ࠽ࠫ࡯ࠬ࠲࡯ࡊࡠࠣ࡜ࡓߦࠃࠆ⵾ຠࠞ࠹ࠧ࡝࡯⴫63(1)ల㔚ེ
(2)ᵞữᯏ(3)㒰Ḩᯏ(4)㘩ེᵞᵺᯏ(5)಄⬿ᐶ࡮಄ಓᐶ
(6)ቶౝⓨ⺞(7)ቶౝⓨ᳇ᷡᵺᯏࠛ࠽ࠫ࡯ࠬ࠲࡯⹺ቯ⵾ຠ࡝ࠬ࠻: http://www.energystar.gov/index.cfm?fuseaction=find_a_product.

18ടᾲ࡮಄ළᯏེ

᳓ࡅ࡯࠲࡯ౝⵝ᧚╬(Home Envelope)ኅ㔚ࠝࡈࠖࠬ⸳஻

ᾖ᣿ᬺോ↪ࡈ࡯࠼ࠨ࡯ࡆࠬ

(8)ⓨ᳇ᾲḮࡅ࡯࠻ࡐࡦࡊ
(9)ࡏࠗ࡜࡯
(10)࠮ࡦ࠻࡜࡞ⓨ⺞ࠪࠬ࠹ࡓ(11)ᄤ੗ᚸ
(12)㒰Ḩᯏ(13)ടᾲἹ
(14)࿾ᾲࡐࡦࡊ
(15)ᢿᾲ᧚
(16)シ㊂໡↪ടᾲ࡮಄ළᯏེ
(17)ࡊࡠࠣ࡜ࡓน⢻ߥࠨ࡯ࡕࠬ࠲࠶࠻
(18)ቶౝⓨ⺞(19)឵᳇ᚸ
(20)ࠟࠬࠦࡦ࠺ࡦࠪࡦࠣ᳓ࡅ࡯࠲࡯
(21)ᾲࡐࡦࡊᑼ᳓ࡅ࡯࠲࡯
(22)㜞ᕈ⢻ࠟࠬ⾂⬿ᑼ᳓ࡅ࡯࠲࡯
(23)࠰࡯࡜࡯ᑼ᳓ࡅ࡯࠲࡯
(24) ࠟ ࠬ ࠲ ࡦ ࠢ ਇ ૶ ↪ ᳓ ࡅ ࡯ ࠲ ࡯ (Whole-Home Gas
Tankless Water Heaters)(25)ᢿᾲ᧚
(26)ደᩮ⵾ຠ
(27)⓹‫ޔࠕ࠼ޔ‬ᄤ⓹(28)ల㔚ࠪࠬ࠹ࡓ(29)ࠦ࡯࠼࡟ࠬ㔚⹤ᯏ(30)ࠦࡦࡆࡀ࡯࡚ࠪࡦ࡙࠾࠶࠻
(31)࠺ࠫ࠲࡞࡮ࠕ࠽ࡠࠣࠦࡦࡃ࡯࠲࡯ࡏ࠶ࠢࠬ㧔DTAs㧕
(32)DVD ⵾ຠ(33)ᄖઃߌࡄࡢ࡯ࠕ࠳ࡊ࠲࡯
(34)ࡎ࡯ࡓ࡮ࠝ࡯࠺ࠖࠝ⵾ຠ
(35)࠮࠶࠻࠻࠶ࡊࡏ࠶ࠢࠬ㧔STB㧕
(36)࠹࡟ࡆ
(37)ࠦࡦࡇࡘ࡯࠲࡯
(38)ࠦࡇ࡯ᯏ߅ࠃ߮ࡈࠔ࠶ࠢࠬ
(39)࠺ࠫ࠲࡞ⶄ౮ᯏ
(40)ᄖઃߌᑼࡄࡢ࡯ࠕ࠳ࡊ࠲࡯
(41)ࡁ࡯࠻ࡄ࠰ࠦࡦ/࠲ࡉ࡟࠶࠻ࠦࡦࡇࡘ࡯࠲࡯
(42)ࡔ࡯࡝ࡦࠣࡑࠪࡦ
(43)ࡕ࠾࠲࡯
(44)ࡊ࡝ࡦ࠲-‫ࡦࡢࡦࠗ࡞࡯ࠝޔ࡯࠽ࡖࠠࠬޔ‬ᯏེ(45)࠙ࠜ࡯࠲࡯ࠢ࡯࡜࡯
(46)࡜ࠗ࠻ࡃ࡞ࡉ㧔CFLs㧕
(47)ᾖ᣿ౕེ(48)㔚㘼
(49)ᬺോ↪㘩ེᵞᵺᯏ(50)ᬺോ↪ࡈ࡜ࠗࡗ࡯
(51)ᬺോ↪᷷⬿࡚ࠪ࡯ࠤ࡯ࠬ
(52)ᬺോ↪⵾᳖ᯏ(53)ᬺോ↪಄⬿ᐶ࡮಄ಓᐶ
(54)ᬺോ↪ࠬ࠴࡯ࡓࠢ࠶ࠞ࡯
19ߘߩઁᬺോ↪⵾ຠ(55)LED ᾖ᣿(56)ల㔚ࠪࠬ࠹ࡓ(57)಴ญࠨࠗࡦ
(58)ᄖઃߌࡄࡢ࡯ࠕ࠳ࡊ࠲࡯
(59)ደᩮ⵾ຠ
(60)⥄േ⽼ᄁᯏ64಴ᚲ㧦ࠛࡀ࡞ࠡ࡯⋭ߎߩઁ‫࡝࠻ࠢ࡟ࠖ࠺ࠬ࡯࠰࡝ࠬࡦ࠽ࠗࠔࡈޔ‬㧔Financial Resources Directory㧕ߢߪ‫ޔ‬Ꮊ೎߹ߚߪᡰេࠨ࡯ࡆࠬ⒳೎ߦ࿾రߦᚲ࿷ߔࠆ㊄Ⲣᯏ㑐ߦࠃࠆࡠ࡯ࡦ‫⵾ࡀࠛ⋭ޔ‬ຠ‫ޔࠣࡦࠖ࠹࡞ࠨࡦࠦޔ‬⒢ប㒰╬ߩᖱႎࠍឭଏߒߡ޿ࠆ65‫߇࡯࠲ࠬ࡯ࠫ࠽ࠛߚ߹ޕ‬ឭଏߔࠆᖱႎ߿ࠨ࡯ࡆࠬࠍ೑↪ߒߚߎࠇ߹ߢߩᚑഞ଀ߦߟ޿ߡ߽Ꮊ೎ߦ㑛ⷩน⢻ߣߥߞߡ޿ࠆ‫ޕ‬⸳஻ߩᣂⷙ⾼౉ߩߚ߼ߩⲢ⾗߿࡝࡯ࠬ‫ࡀࠛ⋭ޔ‬ൻኻ╷߳ߩࠗࡦ࠮ࡦ࠹ࠖࡉ‫ޔ‬ⅣႺߦఝߒ޿⚻༡ߦߟ޿ߡߩࠦࡦࠨ࡞࠹ࠖࡦࠣ╬‫ޔ‬ਛዊડᬺߩⅣႺ࡮⋭ࠛࡀൻኻ╷ᡰេࠍᄙ᭽ߥᒻߢឭଏߔࠆ
Ⲣ⾗వᖱႎࠍ‫ޔ‬᳃㑆ડᬺ‫ޔ‬ฦ⒳࿅૕‫ޔ‬ㅪ㇌߅ࠃ߮Ꮊ᡽ᐭᯏ㑐ߩ೎ߦ㑐ࠊࠄߕ‫ޔ‬Ꮊ೎ߦ৻ⷩ⴫ߦ
ߒߡឭଏߒߡ޿ࠆ‫ޕ‬㊄㌛⊛ᡰេਛዊડᬺࠗࡁࡌ࡯࡚ࠪࡦ࡝ࠨ࡯࠴ࡊࡠࠣ࡜ࡓ㧔SBIR㧕EPA ߦࠃࠆਛዊડᬺࠗࡁࡌ࡯࡚ࠪࡦ࡝ࠨ࡯࠴ࡊࡠࠣ࡜ࡓ㧔EPA Small Business Innovation
Research: SBIR㧕66 ߪ‫ޔ‬ᓥᬺຬᢙ 500 ฬએਅߩዊⷙᮨࡂࠗ࠹ࠢડᬺߩᦨᣂᛛⴚ⎇ⓥ㐿⊒ะߌ67ߦ
ഥᚑ㊄ࠍឭଏߒߡ޿ࠆ‫ޕ‬2007 ᐕ 4 ᦬߹ߢߦ‫ޔ‬EPA ߪ SBIR ࡊࡠࠣ࡜ࡓߦ㑐ߒ‫ޔ‬700 ᩺ઙߦኻߒ
ߡ✚㗵 1 ం࠼࡞ࠍឭଏߒߡ߈ߡ߅ࠅ‫ޔ‬ਛዊડᬺߩ㕟ᣂ⊛ߥࠕࠗ࠺ࠕࠍ‫ޔ‬ⅣႺ໧㗴ߦኻᔕߒߚᏒ
႐ଔ୯ߩ޽ࠆ᭽‫⵾ߥޘ‬ຠߦᄌ߃ߡ᧪ߡ޿ࠆ68‫ޕ‬ࡈࠚ࡯࠭㧝㧦ࡈࠖ࡯ࠫࡆ࡝࠹ࠖ⏕⹺
6 ࡩ᦬㑆‫ޕ‬1 ઙߦߟ߈਄㒢 7 ਁ࠼࡞ࠍឭଏ‫ޕ‬ࡈࠚ࡯࠭ 2㧦㐿⊒߅ࠃ߮໡ᬺൻ
2 ᐕ㑆‫ޕ‬1 ઙߦߟ߈਄㒢 22 ਁ 5 ජ࠼࡞ࠍឭଏ69‫ޕ‬

64ࠛ࠽ࠫ࡯ࠬ࠲࡯⹺ቯ⵾ຠ㧦http://www.energystar.gov/index.cfm?fuseaction=find_a_product.
ࠛ࠽ࠫ࡯ࠬ࠲࡯ਛዊડᬺࡈࠔࠗ࠽ࡦࠬ‫⵾ޔ‬ຠ‫࡝࠻ࠢ࡟ࠖ࠺ࠬ࡯࠰࡝ࠬࡆ࡯ࠨޔ‬㧔Energy Star Small Business Financial Resources Directory㧕㧦http://www.energystar.gov/index.cfm?c=sb_join.sb_financeproducts
66
EPA ߦࠃࠆਛዊડᬺ㕟ᣂ࡝ࠨ࡯࠴ࡊࡠࠣ࡜ࡓ㧔EPA Small Business Innovation Research: SBIR㧕
http://es.epa.gov/ncer/sbir/
67
EPA SBIR ࡊࡠࠣ࡜ࡓၮᧄᖱႎ㧦http://es.epa.gov/ncer/sbir/factsheet.html
68
EPA ਛዊડᬺ㕟ᣂ⎇ⓥࡈࠚ࡯࠭ I ࠠ࠶ࠢࠝࡈࡒ࡯࠹ࠖࡦࠣ⾗ᢱ㧔2007 ᐕ 4 ᦬㧕㧦
http://es.epa.gov/ncer/events/calendar/2007/apr5/presentation_teichman.pdf 㧔p. 5㧕
69 EPASBIR ࡊࡠࠣ࡜ࡓၮᧄᖱႎ㧦http://es.epa.gov/ncer/sbir/factsheet.html
6520

⴫ 4 EPA ߦࠃࠆ SBIR ࡊࡠࠣ࡜ࡓ଀

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ࡦࠣ෸߮
ࠦࡦ࠻ࡠ
࡯࡞
࠽ࡁ࠹ࠢ
ࡁࡠࠫ࡯
ᑄ᫈‛▤
ℂ෸߮ࡕ
࠾࠲࡝ࡦ
ࠣ

᳓ࠗࡦࡈ

㧔ᵈ㧦 2007㨪2008 ᐕᐲࡈࠚ࡯࠭ I ഥᚑኻ⽎ડᬺ㧕ࡈࠚ࡯࠭ Iࡈࠚ࡯࠭ IIว⸘ડᬺฬᐕᐲ㊄㗵㧔࠼࡞㧕
ᐕᐲ
㊄㗵㧔࠼࡞㧕 㧔࠼࡞㧕Gevo, Inc.
Mountain Creek
Enterprises

2008
2008

70,00070,00070,00070,000Constellation Technology
Corporation
Electronic Bio Sciences,LLC
KWJ Engineering, Inc.
Scientific Methods, Inc.
BioTex Inc.
Eltron Research Inc.
Ecovative Design, LLC
Sol-gel Solutions, LLC
The Green Team Inc.
Agave BioSystems, Inc.
TDA Research Inc.
EIC Laboratories Inc.
Entropic Systems Inc.
RTA Systems Inc.
Faraday Technology Inc.
Integran Technologies
USA, Inc.
Light Curable Coatings
Materials andElectrochemical Research(MER) Corporation
Active Spectrum, Inc.
Applied Sciences, Inc.
Bridger Photonics, Inc.
Innova Tech, Inc.

2008

70,00070,0002008

69,98869,988

2008
2008
2007
2007
2008
2008
2007
2008
2008
2007
2007
2007
2008
2008

70,00070,00069,96170,00070,00069,79569,55670,00070,00070,00070,00069,95669,982
69,78770,00070,00069,96170,00070,00069,79569,55670,00070,000414,977
70,00069,95669,982
69,787

2008
2007

69,99770,000

2008
2008
2008
2008

69,807
69,95570,00070,00069,807
69,95570,00070,000

2008
2007
2007

69,99469,50069,99869,99469,50069,998

2008
2008

70,00069,98970,00069,9892008

70,00070,0002007

70,0002008

69,987

Senspex, Inc.
EcoArray Inc.
Intelligent Optical
Systems Inc.
Eon Research Corporation
Ion Signature Technology,
Inc.
Membrane Technology
and Research Inc.
National Recovery
Technologies Inc.
DC Instruments

21

2008

344,9772008

345,000

2008

345,000

69,997415,000

415,000
69,987

࡜ᓳᣥ
ᄢ᳇ࡕ࠾
࠲࡝ࡦࠣ
߅ࠃ߮࡝
ࡕ࡯࠻࠮
ࡦࠪࡦࠣ
ኅ⇓ឃߖ
ߟ‛෸߮
ᑄ᫈‛ᾲ
Ḯォ឵
ᄢ᳇ᳪᨴ
㒐ᱛ
᧛෸߮ዊ
ⷙᮨࠦࡒ
ࡘ࠾࠹ࠖ
࡯ะߌᛛ
ⴚ
᳓෸߮ᳪ
᳓▤ℂ

Fuss & O’Neill
Aerodyne Research Inc.
Fitz AerometricTechnologiesAgiltron Inc.
Agiltron Inc.
State: MA

2008
2007
2007

70,00070,00066,885

2008

345,000

70,000415,000
66,885

2007

69,952

2008

344,910414,862

Avatar Alternative Energy
Inc.

2007

70,000EERGC
Johansson Industries Inc.
nGimat Co.
Chip Energy
Reactive Innovations, LLC
Tok Welding andFabrication

2007
2007
2007
2007
2007
2007

69,99970,00069,99970,00069,99070,000Eon Research Corporation

2007

70,00070,0002008

345,000

2008

344,984

69,999415,000
69,99970,000414,974
70,00070,000಴ᚲ㧦‫ޟ‬EPA ਛዊડᬺ㕟ᣂ⎇ⓥ 1990㧙2010 ᐕᐲഥᚑ㊄ኻ⽎੐ᬺቢో࡝ࠬ࠻‫ޠ‬70

⴫ 5 EPA ߩ SBIR ࡊࡠࠣ࡜ࡓ੍▚㧔2003-2007 ᐕᐲ㧕ᐕᐲ੍▚㧔න૏㧦ਁ࠼࡞㧕
2007
600
2006
650
2005
620
2004
660
2003
680
಴ᚲ㧦EPA‫ޟ‬SBIR ࡈࠚ࡯࠭ I ࠠ࠶ࠢࠝࡈࡒ࡯࠹ࠖࡦࠣ⾗ᢱ‫ޠ‬㧔2007 ᐕ 4 ᦬㧕71

ⅣႺࡈࠔࠗ࠽ࡦࠬ࠮ࡦ࠲࡯㧔CEF㧕72Ꮊ᡽ᐭ‫ޔ‬࿾ᣇ⥄ᴦ૕ߣ᳃㑆࠮ࠢ࠲࡯ߣߩࡄ࡯࠻࠽࡯ࠪ࠶ࡊߦࠃߞߡⅣႺࡊࡠࠣ࡜ࡓߦ߆߆ࠆ
ࠦࠬ࠻೥ᷫ‫ޔ‬ᛩ⾗Ⴧᄢ‫࡯ࠖ࠹ࠪࡄࡖࠠޔ‬ᒝൻࠍ⁓ߞߚߩ߇‫ޔ‬ⅣႺࡈࠔࠗ࠽ࡦࠬ࠮ࡦ࠲࡯㧔Center
for Environment Finance㧕ߢ޽ࠆ‫ޕ‬3 ߟߩࠦࡦࡐ࡯ࡀࡦ࠻ߩ߁ߜ 2 ߟ‫ޔ‬ⅣႺࡈࠔࠗ࠽ࡦࠬ࠮ࡦ࠲
࡯ࡀ࠶࠻ࡢ࡯ࠢ㧔Environmental Finance Center Network: EFCN㧕ߣⅣႺࡈࠔࠗ࠽ࡦࠬᖱႎࡀ࠶࠻
ࡢ࡯ࠢ㧔Environmental Financing Information Network: EFIN㧕߇ਛዊડᬺᡰេࠍᜂߞߡ޿ࠆ‫ޕ‬EFCN
ߪ 8 ߟߩ EPA ▤ロ඙ߦᚲ࿷ߔࠆ 9 ߟߩᄢቇߦ⸳⟎ߐࠇߚ EFC ߦࠃࠅ᭴ᚑߐࠇࠆࡀ࠶࠻ࡢ࡯ࠢ
ߢ޽ࠅ‫ޔ‬EFIN ߪ࠙ࠚࡉࠨࠗ࠻߅ࠃ߮ EFIN ࡜ࠗࡉ࡜࡝࡯㔚⹤ᾖળࠨ࡯ࡆࠬߦࠃࠆᖱႎᡰេࠨ࡯
ࡆࠬߢ޽ࠆ73‫ޕ‬70
ේ㗴 “Small Business Innovative Research: FY90 - FY10 Awards: Full List”
http://cfpub.epa.gov/ncer_abstracts/index.cfm/fuseaction/outlinks.sbir/fullList/Yes/showYear/all
71
EPA ‫ޟ‬ਛዊડᬺኻ⽎ SBIR ࡊࡠࠣ࡜ࡓࡈࠚ࡯࠭ I ࠠ࠶ࠢࠝࡈࡒ࡯࠹ࠖࡦࠣ⾗ᢱ㧔Small Business Innovation
Research (SBIR) Program Phase I Kick-Off Meeting㧕‫ޠ‬2007 ᐕ 4 ᦬㧦
http://es.epa.gov/ncer/events/calendar/2007/apr5/presentation_richards.pdf 㧔P. 8㧕
72
એ೨ߪⅣႺࡈࠔࠗ࠽ࡦࠬࡊࡠࠣ࡜ࡓ㧔Environmental Finance Program: EFP㧕ߣ޿߁๭⒓ߛߞߚ‫ޕ‬73
CEF㧦http://www.epa.gov/efinpage/

22

ⅣႺࡈࠔࠗ࠽ࡦࠬ࠮ࡦ࠲࡯ࡀ࠶࠻ࡢ࡯ࠢ㧔EFCN㧕ߪ‫ޔ‬Ꮊ᡽ᐭ߿࿾ᣇ⥄ᴦ૕ᜂᒰቭએᄖߦਛዊ
ડᬺࠍኻ⽎ߣߒߚ⎇ୃ࡮ᢎ⢒ᵴേ‫ޔ‬ળ⼏㐿௅‫ޔ‬಴ ‫ޔ‬ᛛⴚᡰេ‫ߦࠬࡦ࠽ࠗࠔࡈޔ‬㑐ߔࠆઍᦧ᩺
ߩឭ᩺╬ߩฦ⒳ࠨ࡯ࡆࠬࠍឭଏߒߡ޿ࠆ‫ޕ‬
⴫ 6 9 ᄢቇߩ EFC ߩᵴേᚑᨐ
㧔2007-2008 ᐕᐲ㧕ධࡔࠗࡦᄢቇ EFC
㧔Region 1 EFC at the University of Southern Maine㧕ࠬࡑ࡯࠻ࠣࡠ࡯ࠬ㧔Smart Growth㧕74ߦ㑐ߔࠆ 1 ᣣ 8 ᤨ㑆ߩ⎇ୃࠍ 3 ᣣ㑆ߦ߆ߌߡᏒ᳃ઍ⴫
⠪ߦኻߒߡឭଏ‫ޕ‬࿾ၞ᷷ቶലᨐࠟࠬࠗ࠾ࠪࠕ࠴ࡉ‫ޔ‬ᶏ㕙਄᣹‫࠼ࡦ࡜ࠣࡦࠗ࡯ࡘ࠾ޔ‬ᴪጯߩᄌࠊࠅࠁߊ␠ળ⊛⚻ᷣ⊛೑↪ߩ࿷ࠅᣇ╬‫ޔ‬ᄙ᭽ߥⅣႺ໧㗴ߦߟ޿ߡ✂⟜ߔࠆ಴ ‛ࠍᢙ⒳㘃⊒ାߒߚ‫ࡦࠗࡔޕ‬Ꮊ⍮੐ߦࠃࠆหᎺߩ࿯࿾ⅣႺߩ⾰ࠍ଻ోߔࠆᣂࠗ࠾ࠪࠕ࠴ࡉࠍਥዉ‫ޔ‬ࠬ࠲࠶ࡈᵷ㆜ࠍ㐿ᆎߒߚ‫ޕ‬ࠪ࡜ࠠࡘ࡯࠭ᄢቇࡑ࠶ࠢࠬ࠙ࠚ࡞ࠬࠢ࡯࡞ EFC
㧔Region 2 EFC at the Maxwell School at Syracuse University㧕ᛛⴚᡰេ࡝࠰࡯ࠬߩ౒᦭ߣࠕࠢ࠮ࠬᯏળߩᦨᄢ㒢ߩჇᄢࠍ⋡ᮡߣߒߡ྾ඨᦼᲤߦ㐿௅ߐࠇࠆᛛⴚᡰេࡄ࡯࠻࠽࡯ࠪ࠶ࡊࡈࠜ࡯࡜ࡓࠍࠬࡐࡦࠨ࡯ߣߒߡᡰេߒߡ޿ࠆ߇‫ޔ‬ᒰ⹥ᐕᐲߪ
ᄙ᭽ߥ਄ਅ᳓㆏ߦ߆߆ࠆᛛⴚࠍ࠹࡯ࡑߦ 6 ࿁㐿௅ߒ‫৻ޔ‬࿁ߦߟ߈ᐔဋ 20㧙30 ฬߩෳട⠪ࠍᓧߚ‫ࠧࠚ࠙࠭ࠝޕ‬㇭㧔Oswego County, NY㧕ߣㅪ៤ߒ‫⛔ޔ‬ว࿕ᒻᑄ᫈‛▤ℂ㧔integrated solid
waste management㧕ࠪࠬ࠹ࡓߩઍᦧ▤ℂ࡮ࡈࠔࠗ࠽ࡦࠬࡕ࠺࡞ࠍ⹏ଔߔࠆ 1 ᐕ㑆ߩࡊࡠ࠮ࠬ
ߦ৻⥸Ꮢ᳃߆ࠄߩᗧ⷗ࠍ෻ᤋߐߖࠆᚻഥߌࠍߒߚ‫ޕ‬ࡔ࡝࡯࡜ࡦ࠼ᄢቇ EFC
㧔Region 3 EFC at the University of Maryland㧕
6 ߟߩᵹၞᯏ᭴ߦࠃࠆᚑഞ଀ࠍరߦ‫ޔ‬ᵹၞ⸘↹߳ߩࡈࠔࠗ࠽ࡦࠬ㧔watershed financing㧕ߦ㑐ߔࠆࠞ࡝ࠠࡘ࡜ࡓࠍ㐿⊒ߒߚ‫ࠕ࠾ࠫ࡯ࡃޕ‬Ꮊࠪࠚ࠽ࡦ࠼࡯ᷧ⼱㧔Shenandoah Valley㧕ࠦࡒࡘ࠾࠹ࠖ࡯߳ᛛⴚᡰេࠍឭଏߒ‫ޔ‬ᄤὼ⾗Ḯ଻⼔ߩߚ߼ߩ⽷᡽ᚢ⇛㐿⊒ࠍᡰេߒߚ‫ࡇࠨࠚ࠴ޕ‬࡯ࠢḧ 2000 ᐕදቯ㧔Chesapeake Bay 2000 Agreement㧕ߦቯ߼ࠄࠇߡ޿ࠆንᩕ㙃ൻᳪᨴߩ೥
ᷫ㧔nutrient reduction㧕⋡ᮡ㆐ᚑߩߚ߼ߩࡈࠔࠗ࠽ࡦࠬߦ㑐ߔࠆࠕ࠼ࡃࠗࠬࠍ⋓ࠅㄟࠎߛࡎ
ࡢࠗ࠻ࡍ࡯ࡄ࡯ࠍ⊒⴫ߒߚ‫ޔߚ߹ޕ‬EPA ਥዉߦࠃࠆో☨⾗Ḯ᳓଻ోᵴേߩࡄ࡯࠻࠽࡯ߣߒ
ߡ‫ࡉࠚ࠙ޔ‬਄ߢ⾗Ḯ᳓଻ోߦ㑐ߔࠆࡈࠔࠗ࠽ࡦࠬᖱႎߩࠢ࡝ࠕ࡝ࡦࠣࡂ࠙ࠬߣߒߡ㐿⊒ߩ‧ᒁᓎࠍോ߼ߡ޿ࠆ‫ޕ‬ࡁ࡯ࠬࠞࡠ࡜ࠗ࠽ᄢቇ࠴ࡖࡍ࡞ࡅ࡞ᩞ EFC
㧔Region 4 EFC at the University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill㧕ࡂ࡝ࠤ࡯ࡦ࡮ࠞ࠻࡝࡯࠽ࠍฃߌߡ‫ࡇ࠶ࠪࠪࡒޔ‬Ꮊࠦ࡝ࡦ࠻ߩ᳓⾗Ḯౣ㐿⊒ࠍᡰេߒߚ‫߅ޕ‬ࠃߘ 650 ฬߩෳട⠪ࠍᠩߒߚ‫ޟ‬ᜬ⛯น⢻ߥ᳓ࠗࡦࡈ࡜ળ⼏㧔Paying for Sustainable Water
Infrastructure Conference㧕‫ࠍޠ‬ᡰេߒ‫ޟࡦ࡚ࠪ࠶࠮ޔ‬Ꮊ߅ࠃ߮⥄ᴦ૕ߦࠃࠆࠗࡁࡌ࡯࡚ࠪࡦ‫ޠ‬ࠍડ↹࡮ㅴⴕߒߚ‫ޕ‬࡞ࠗ࠭ࡆ࡞ᄢቇ EFC
㧔Region 4 EFC at the University of Louisville㧕‫ޟ‬ᜬ⛯น⢻ߥㇺᏒࡢ࡯࡚ࠢࠪ࠶ࡊࠪ࡝࡯࠭㧔Sustainable City Workshop Series㧕‫౒ࠍޠ‬หᡰេߒ‫ޔ‬࿾ᣇࠦࡒࡘ࠾࠹ࠖ࡯ߩᜬ⛯น⢻ߥౣ㐿⊒ߦߟ޿ߡߩᗧ⼂ߩะ਄ࠍ࿑ߞߚ‫ޕ‬ࠢ࡝࡯ࡉ࡜ࡦ࠼Ꮊ┙ᄢቇ EFC
㧔Region 5 EFC at Cleveland State University㧕ࠝࡂࠗࠝᎺߦ߅޿ߡ 3 ᐲߦࠊߚࠅㇺᏒౣ㐿⊒ળ⼏ࠍ㐿௅ߒߚ‫ޕ‬74⴩㘩૑ߩㇺᏒᯏ⢻ࠍࠦࡦࡄࠢ࠻ߦߔࠆߎߣߦࠃࠅ‫࡜ࡈࡦࠗޔ‬ᢛ஻╬㐿⊒ࠦࠬ࠻ߩല₸ൻߣ㐿⊒ߦࠃࠆⅣႺ⽶⩄ߩૐᷫࠍน⢻ߦߔࠆߣ޿߁ㇺᏒ㐿⊒ࠦࡦ࠮ࡊ࠻‫ޕ‬

23࠾ࡘ࡯ࡔࠠࠪࠦ㋶‛ណជᛛⴚᄢቇ EFC
㧔Region 6 EFC at the New Mexico Institute of Mining and Technology㧕ࠗࡦ࠺ࠖࠕࡦࡋ࡞ࠬࠨ࡯ࡆࠬ㧔Indian Health Service㧕ߩ▤ℂ⡯ࠍኻ⽎ߦ‫▤↥⾗ޔ‬ℂ‫▚੍ޔ‬૞ᚑ‫౒౏ޔ‬ᢱ㊄⸳ቯ╬ߦ㑐ߔࠆ⎇ୃᵴേࠍ 3 ᣣ㑆ߦࠊߚࠅ㐿௅ߒߚ‫ޕ‬30 ߩࡀࠖ࠹ࠖࡉࠕࡔ࡝
ࠞࡦㇱᣖߦଏ⛎ߐࠇߡ޿ࠆ᳓㆏᳓ߩᳪᨴ㒐ᱛߩߚ߼ߦ‫ࠬࡦࠕࠗ࡜ࡊࡦࠦޔ‬ᛛⴚᡰេ‫ޔ‬ஜᐽ߿቟ో㕙ߩᗧ⷗⡬ข‫ޔ‬ㇱᣖ⥄ࠄ߇ⴕ߁᳓⾰ᬌᩏߩᡰេࠍⴕߞߚ‫ޕ‬࠼ࡒ࠾ࠞࡦᄢቇࠞ࡝ࡈࠜ࡞࠾ࠕ EFC
㧔Region 9 EFC at Dominican University of California㧕‫ࡦࠞ࠾ࡒ࠼ߥࡦ࡯࡝ࠣࠅࠃޟ‬ᄢቇࠍ⋡ᜰߔ࠲ࠬࠢࡈࠜ࡯ࠬ㧔Greener Dominican Task Force㧕‫ޠ‬ߦࠃࠆ‫ޔ‬หᄢቇߩࠣ࡝࡯ࡦൻࠍផㅴߔࠆ⸘↹ߩ㐿⊒ࠍᡰេߒߚ‫ࠕ࠾࡞ࠜࡈ࡝ࠞޟޕ‬Ꮊஜᐽࠍ⠨߃ࠆࡀࠗ࡞ࠨࡠࡦදળ㧔California Healthy Nail Salon Collaborative㧕‫ࠍޠ‬ᡰេߒ‫࡞ࠗࡀޔ‬ࠨࡠࡦߦ߅ߌࠆ⾗Ḯߩ૶↪㊂೥ᷫ‫ޔࡀࠛ⋭ޔ‬෸߮ᳪᨴኻ╷ߩᯏળࠍᮨ⚝ߒߚ‫ޟޔߚ߹ޕ‬ஜᐽࠍ⠨߃ࠆࡋࠕዷ␜ળ㧔Healthy Hair Show㧕‫ࠍޠ‬หදળߣ౒ห㐿⊒ਛߢ޽ࠅ‫ࠕ♽ࠞ࡝ࡈࠕޔ‬ࡔ࡝ࠞੱߩࡋࠕࠤࠕ‫ࠅࠃࠆߌ߅ߦ╬ࠕࠤ࡞ࠗࡀޔ‬ⅣႺߦఝߒߊ‫ޔ‬૕ߦ߽⦟޿ࠕࡊࡠ࡯࠴ࠍ
ឭ᩺ߒࠃ߁ߣߒߡ޿ࠆ‫ޕ‬ࡏࠗࠪᎺ┙ᄢቇ EFC
㧔Region 10 EFC at Boise State University㧕ࠝࡦ࠺ࡑࡦ࠼⎇ୃ㧔Training on Demand㧕ߣ⒓ߔࠆ೙ᐲࠍ㐿⊒ߒ‫ޔ‬หᩞ EFC ߩ⹏ଔኻ⽎ડᬺ߇ᬺോ❥ᔔᦼߩறࠄว㑆ࠍ⷗ߟߌߡⅣႺߦఝߒ޿ࡈࠔࠗ࠽ࡦࠬ߿⚻༡ᣇᴺࠍታ⃻ߔߴߊ‫ޔ‬⎇ୃࠍฃߌࠄࠇࠆࠃ߁ߥ૕೙ࠍᢛ஻ߒߚ‫ ࡦ࡜ࡊޟߩࠬ࡯ࡌࡉࠚ࠙ޔߚ߹ޕ‬2 ࡈࠔࠗࡦ࠼࡮
ࠝࡊ࠻㧔Plan2Fund-OPT: Objective Prioritization Tool㧕ߣ⒓ߔࠆ࠷࡯࡞ࠍ㐿⊒ߒ‫ޔ‬ᳪᨴ▤ℂ߅ࠃ߮⾗↥ᡷༀ⸘↹ߦ߅ߌࠆቴⷰ⊛ߥⷞὐࠍขࠅ౉ࠇߚఝవ㗅૏ߩ᳿ቯࠍน⢻ߦߒߚ‫ޕ‬
಴ᚲ㧦EPA‫ޟ‬2007㧙2008 ᐕⅣႺࡈࠔࠗ࠽ࡦࠬࡊࡠࠣ࡜ࡓᐕᰴႎ๔ᦠ‫ޠ‬75

ⅣႺࡈࠔࠗ࠽ࡦࠬᖱႎࡀ࠶࠻ࡢ࡯ࠢ㧔EFIN㧕ߪ‫ޔ‬Ꮊ᡽ᐭ߿࿾ᣇ⥄ᴦ૕ߩⅣႺࡊࡠࠣ࡜ࡓ߿ਛ
ዊડᬺะߌߩࡈࠔࠗ࠽ࡦࠬઍᦧ᩺ߦ㑐ߔࠆᖱႎឭଏࠍⴕߞߡ޿ࠆ‫ޕ‬EFIN ࠮ࡦ࠲࡯ߢߪ࠙ࠚࡉࠨ
ࠗ࠻ࠍㆇ༡ߒ‫ޔ‬಴ ‛‫ޔࠢࡦ࡝ޔ‬ㅪ⛊వᖱႎ╬ࠍឭଏߒߡ޿ࠆ‫ࡦࠗ࡜ࠜࡈࡦࠗޔߚ߹ޕ‬㧔infoline㧕ߣ޿߁ᖱႎឭଏ㔚⹤ᾖળࠨ࡯ࡆࠬࠍⴕߞߡ޿ࠆઁ‫ޔ‬EPA ߦࠃࠆⅣႺࡈࠔࠗ࠽ࡦࠬߦ㑐ߔࠆ᭽‫ޘ‬ߥ಴ ‛ࠍ㈩Ꮣߒߡ޿ࠆ76‫ޕ‬⹺ቯ࡮ផᅑ‫⴫ޔ‬ᓆ೙ᐲో☨ⅣႺࡄࡈࠜ࡯ࡑࡦࠬ࡮ࠦ࡯ࠬ࡮ࡊࡠࠣ࡜ࡓ
ో☨ⅣႺࡄࡈࠜ࡯ࡑࡦࠬ࡮ࠦ࡯ࠬ࡮ࡊࡠࠣ࡜ࡓ㧔National Environmental Performance Track㧕77
ࠍታᣉߒ‫ޔ‬ᴺᓞ਄ߩⷙ೙ၮḰࠍ⿥߃ߡⅣႺ଻⼔ߦขࠅ⚵߻ડᬺࠍ⹺ቯ࡮ផᅑߒߡ޿ࠆ‫ࡃࡦࡔޕ‬࡯ߪᄢડᬺ‫ޔ‬ਛዊડᬺ‫౏ޔ‬༡ᣉ⸳ߥߤᄙጘߦࠊߚࠆ߽ߩߢ޽ࠅ‫☨ޔ‬࿖ߦ߅ߌࠆᄢ᳇‫ޔ‬᳓‫ޔ‬࿯࿾ߩ⾰ࠍะ਄ߐߖࠆขࠅ⚵ߺ⋡ᮡࠍ 4 ߟ⸳ቯ࡮౏㐿ߔࠆߎߣߦߥߞߡ޿ࠆ‫ޕ‬75ࠛࠣ࠯ࠢ࠹ࠖࡉ࡮ࠨࡑ࡝㧔Executive Summary㧕ෳᾖ㧦http://www.epa.gov/efinpage/annualreport08/index.html
EFIN㧦http://www.epa.gov/efinpage/efin.htm
77ో☨ⅣႺࡄࡈࠜ࡯ࡑࡦࠬ࡮ࠦ࡯ࠬ࡮ࡊࡠࠣ࡜ࡓ㧔National Environmental Performance Track㧕㧦
www.epa.gov/performancetrack76

24

ਛዊડᬺⅣႺ⾨
EPA ߩ ਛ ዊ ડ ᬺ ࠝ ࡦ ࡉ ࠭ ࡑ ࡦ / ਛ ዊ ડ ᬺ Ⅳ Ⴚ ᡰ េ ࡊ ࡠ ࠣ ࡜ ࡓ 㧔 the Small BusinessOmbudsman/Small Business Environmental Assistance Programs 㧦SBO/SBEAPs㧕ߩઍ⴫ᯏ㑐ߢ޽ࠆో࿖ㆇ༡ᆔຬળ㧔National Steering Committee㧦NSC㧕߇ో࿖ࠦࡦࡊ࡜ࠗࠕࡦࠬክ⼏ࡄࡀ࡞
㧔National Compliance Advisory Panel: CAP㧕ߣㅪ៤ߒ‫ޔ‬ਛዊડᬺߩⅣႺ໧㗴߳ߩขࠅ⚵ߺߦኻߔࠆਛዊડᬺⅣႺ⾨㧔Small Business Recognition Awards㧕ࠍ⸳ቯߒߡ޿ࠆ‫ߪ⾨ޕ‬ਛዊડᬺⅣႺᡰ
េࡊࡠࠣ࡜ࡓ⾨㧔Small Business Environmental Assistance Program Award㧕‫ޔ‬ਛዊડᬺⅣႺ▤ℂ⽿છ⾨㧔Small Business Environmental Stewardship Award㧕‫⾏ޔ‬ᤃ࿅૕ⅣႺ࡝࡯࠳࡯ࠪ࠶ࡊ⾨㧔Trade
Association Environmental Leadership Award㧕ߩ 3 ⒳㘃ߢ޽ࠅ‫ޔ‬SBO/SBEAP/CAP 㑐ଥ⠪‫ޔ‬ਛዊડᬺ‫⾏ޔ‬ᤃ࿅૕߆ࠄㆬ߫ࠇߚ୥⵬⠪㧔୘ੱ‫ޔ‬ฦ⒳࿅૕㧕ߩࡁࡒࡀ࡯࠻೙ߢⴕࠊࠇࠆ‫ޕ‬⴫ 7ਛዊડᬺⅣႺ⾨㧔Small Business Recognition Awards㧕

⾨ਛዊડᬺⅣႺ⾨
㧔Small Business Environmental Assistance
Program Award㧕ਛዊડᬺⅣႺ▤ℂ⽿છ⾨
㧔Small Business Environmental StewardshipAward㧕

⾏ᤃ࿅૕ⅣႺ࡝࡯࠳࡯ࠪ࠶ࡊ⾨
㧔Trade Association Environmental LeadershipAward㧕

ࡁࡒࡀ࡯࠻᧦ઙ
ਛዊડᬺߦࠃࠆⅣႺ㑐ㅪᴺⷙ೙ㆩ቞ࠍലᨐ⊛ߦ࿑ࠆߚ߼ߩᣇᴺ⺰߿࠷࡯࡞ߩ㐿⊒ࠍផㅴߒߚ୘ੱ߹ߚߪࡊࡠࠣ࡜ࡓߢ޽ࠆߎߣ‫ޕ‬ⅣႺᳪᨴ㒐ᱛᵴേ‫↥ޔ‬ᬺ⇇߹ߚߪ࿾ၞߦ߅ߌ
ࠆⅣႺ଻ోᵴേߦ߅޿ߡ‫ࠍࡊ࠶ࠪ࡯࠳࡯࡝ޔ‬⊒ើߒߚ‫ࡓࠗ࠲࡞ࡈޔ‬ᓥᬺຬ 100 ฬએਅࠍᛴ
߃ࠆਛዊડᬺߩ⚻༡⠪ߢ‫ޔ‬SBO/SBEAP ߆ࠄ૗߆ࠄߩᡰេࠍฃߌߚߎߣߩ޽ࠆ⠪㧔☨࿖ᧄ࿯߹ߚߪ㗔ౝߦᚲ࿷ߔࠆડᬺߢߥߌࠇ߫ߥࠄߥ
޿㧕‫ޕ‬ળຬߩⅣႺⷙ೙ㆩ቞߿ⅣႺ▤ℂ⽿છᗧ⼂ߩᒝൻࠍផㅴߒߚ⾏ᤃ࿅૕ߢ㧔ળຬߪࡈ࡞࠲ࠗࡓ
ᓥᬺຬ 100 ฬએਅߩਛዊડᬺߢߥߌࠇ߫ߥࠄ
ߥ޿㧕‫ޔ‬SBO/SBEAP ߆ࠄ૗߆ࠄߩᡰេࠍฃߌ
ߚߎߣߩ޽ࠆ⠪㧔☨࿖ᧄ࿯߹ߚߪ㗔ౝߦᚲ࿷ߔࠆડᬺߢߥߌࠇ߫ߥࠄߥ޿㧕‫ޕ‬಴ᚲ㧦ਛዊડᬺⅣႺ⾨࠙ࠚࡉࠨࠗ࠻78

2.2ਛዊડᬺᐡ㧔SBA㧕

㧔1㧕 ⅣႺ࡮⋭ࠛࡀ໧㗴߳ߩขࠅ⚵ߺ᭎ⷰ
SBA ߪߎࠇ߹ߢ‫ޔ‬ⅣႺ࡮⋭ࠛࡀ໧㗴߳ߩขࠅ⚵ߺߣߒߡ‫࠻ࠗࠨࡉࠚ࠙ޔ‬਄ߢ EPA ߣࠛࡀ࡞ࠡ
࡯⋭ߩ࡚ࠫࠗࡦ࠻࡮ࡊࡠࠣ࡜ࡓߢ޽ࠆࠛ࠽ࠫ࡯ࠬ࠲࡯ߦ㑐ߔࠆᖱႎߩឭଏࠍⴕߞߡ޿ࠆ79‫߹ޕ‬ߚ‫ࠬࠖࡈࠝ࡯ࠪࠞࡏ࠼ࠕޔ‬㧔Office of Advocacy㧕ߩਛߦ޽ࠆ⚻ᷣ⺞ᩏㇱ㧔Office of Economic
Research㧕߇ⅣႺ⚻ᷣ໧㗴ߩ⺞ᩏ80ࠍⴕ޿‫ޔ‬ฦ⒳⋭ᐡߦᗧ⷗ᦠࠍㅍઃߔࠆ╬ߒߡ޿ࠆ‫ޕ‬78
ਛዊડᬺⅣႺ⾨㧔Small Business Recognition Awards㧕ߦߟ޿ߡ㧦
http://www.smallbiz-enviroweb.org/sba/2009awards_info.html
79
SBA ࠛ࠽ࠫ࡯ࠬ࠲࡯ߦ㑐ߔࠆࡍ࡯ࠫ: http://www.sba.gov/energy/
80
SBA ⚻ᷣ⺞ᩏㇱߩⅣႺ⚻ᷣ໧㗴ߦ㑐ߔࠆࡍ࡯ࠫ㧦http://www.sba.gov/advo/research/environment.html

25

SBIR/STTR ߦ㑐ߒߡߪ‫ޔ‬SBA ߪㅪ⛊⺞ᢛᯏ㑐ߣߒߡෳട 11 ⋭ᐡ㧔STTR ࡊࡠࠣ࡜ࡓߢߪෳ
ട⋭ᐡߪ 5 ߟ81㧕ߩᒰ⹥ࡊࡠࠣ࡜ࡓߩㆇ༡ࠍ⛔᜝ߒ‫ޔ‬ㅴ᝞⁁ᴫߩ⏕⹺ࠍⴕ޿‫ޔ‬ㅪ㇌⼏ળߦᲤᐕႎ๔ࠍⴕߞߡ޿ࠆ‫ ߚ߹ޕ‬SBA ߪෳട⋭ᐡ߆ࠄᖱႎࠍ෼㓸ߒ྾ඨᦼߏߣߦ൐㓸੍๔
㧔Pre-Solicitation Announcement: PSA㧕਄ߢ⊒⴫ߔࠆߥߤߩᓎഀࠍᨐߚߒߡ޿ࠆ82‫ޕ‬ߎߩਛߢ⋡ᣂߒ޿ߩ߇ਛዊડᬺ㐿⊒࠮ࡦ࠲࡯㧔Small Business Development Centers: SBDC㧕ߦࠃࠆਛዊડᬺ߳ߩ⋭ࠛࡀኻ╷ᡰេᵴേߢ޽ࠅ‫ߪࠇߎޔ‬ᣢ಴ߩ EISA ߦࠃࠆᣂࡊࡠࠣ࡜ࡓߢ߽޽
ࠆ‫ޕ‬2009 ᐕ 3 ᦬ߦㅢㆊߒߚࠝࡓ࠾ࡃ੍ࠬ▚᩺ߢ੍▚ភ⟎߇೨ᐕᐲᲧ߆ࠄ୚Ⴧߒߡ޿ࠆ‫ޕ‬
SBDC ߪ‫⿰┙⸳ߩߘޔ‬ᣦ߆ࠄߒߡ߽ਛዊડᬺ㑐ㅪ᡽╷ߦߟ޿ߡ᡽ᐭ஥߆ࠄ‫ߪߚ߹ޔ‬ડᬺ஥߆ࠄߩᖱႎߩ⓹ญߣߒߡߩᓎഀࠍᦼᓙߐࠇ‫ޔߚ߹ޔ‬㑐ㅪ⋭ᐡ㑆ߩࡊࡠࠣ࡜ࡓㆇ༡ߦ㑐ߔࠆㅪ⛊⺞ᢛᯏ㑐ߣߒߡߩ⽿ോࠍᨐߚߒߡ޿ࠆ‫৻ޕ‬ᣇ EISA ᓟ‫ߩߘޔ‬ขࠅ⚵ߺߩ↞ߐߦ෩ߒ޿ᗧ⷗߽಴ߐ
ࠇߡ޿ࠆߎߣ߽੐ታߢ޽ࠅ‫ߩߘޔ‬ὐߦߟ޿ߡߪ SBDC ߩᵴേࠍ⚫੺ߒߚᓟߦ⸅ࠇࠆ‫ޕ‬

㧔2㧕 ᳪᨴ㒐ᱛࡠ࡯ࡦ࡮ࡊࡠࠣ࡜ࡓ
᳃㑆㊄Ⲣᯏ㑐ߩㅢᏱߩክᩏߢߪ୫౉ࠇ߇㔍ߒ޿ਛዊડᬺߦኻߒ‫ޔ‬ਛዊડᬺᐡ߇ࡠ࡯ࡦߩ଻⸽
ࠍⴕ߁ࡊࡠࠣ࡜ࡓ‫ޔ‬㧣(a)ࡠ࡯ࡦ଻⸽ၮᧄࡊࡠࠣ࡜ࡓ㧔Basic 7(a) Loan Guaranty Program㧕ߩਛߦߪ‫ޔ‬ᳪᨴࠍ㒐ᱛߔࠆᣉ⸳ߢߩ૶ㅜߦ㒢ቯߒߚࡊࡠࠣ࡜ࡓ‫ޔ‬ᳪᨴ㒐ᱛࡠ࡯ࡦ࡮ࡊࡠࠣ࡜ࡓ㧔Pollution
Control Loan Program㧕83߇޽ࠆ‫ౕޕ‬૕⊛ߦߪ‫ޔ‬ᳪᨴ㒐ᱛ▤ℂᣉ⸳㧔ᳪᨴߩ㒐ᱛ‫ޔ‬೥ᷫ‫࠻ࡦࠦޔ‬ࡠ࡯࡞‫ߩ߽߁ⴕࠍ࡞ࠢࠗࠨ࡝ޔ‬㧕ߩᑪ⸳ߩ⸘↹‫ޔ⸘⸳ޔ‬ᑪ⸳ߢߩ૶ㅜ߇⹺߼ࠄࠇߡ޿ࠆ‫ޕ‬

㧔3㧕 ਛዊડᬺ㐿⊒࠮ࡦ࠲࡯㧔SBDC㧕ࠍㅢߓߚ⋭ࠛࡀ੐ᬺᡰេ
2007 ᐕߩ EISA ࠮࡚ࠢࠪࡦ 1203 ߦ㑐ㅪߔࠆᵴേߣߒߡߪ‫ޔ‬2008 ᐕ 12 ᦬‫ޔ‬SBA ਛዊડᬺᵴേ⛽ᜬࠗ࠾ࠪࠕ࠴ࡉ㧔SBA's Small Business Sustainability Initiative㧕ߩਅ‫ޔ‬SBA ߪࠕࠗ࠳ࡎᎺ‫ࠞࠬ࡜ࡉࡀޔ‬Ꮊ‫࠳ࡃࡀޔ‬Ꮊ‫ࠢ࡯࡛࡯ࡘ࠾ޔ‬Ꮊߩਛዊડᬺ㐿⊒࠮ࡦ࠲࡯㧔Small Business
Development Centers: SBDC㧕ߦ⋭ࠛࡀ੐ᬺᡰេߣߒߡว⸘ 50 ਁ࠼࡞ߩ⋭ࠛࡀࠞ࠙ࡦ࠮࡝ࡦ
ࠣഥᚑ㊄㧔Energy-Efficiency Counseling Grants㧕ߩឭଏࠍ᳿ቯߒߚ‫ޕ‬ഥᚑ㊄ߪ‫ࡀࠛ⋭ޔ‬ክᩏ‫ޔ‬⋭ࠛࡀ㑐ㅪ஻ຠ߅ࠃ߮⸳஻ߦߟ޿ߡߩᢎ⢒‫ޔ‬ᖱႎ౒᦭‫ୃ⎇ޔ‬ᵴേ‫ߦ↪⾌⟎⸳߮ࠃ߅౉⾼ޔ‬లᒰߐࠇࠆ੐ߦߥߞߡ޿ࠆ‫ޕ‬ᔕ൐᩺ઙᢙߪ⚂ 10 ઙ‫ޔ‬ഥᚑኻ⽎᩺ઙߦㆬቯߐࠇߚ߽ߩߪ⸘ 4 ઙߢ޽ߞߚ ‫ᤨ⃻ߚ߹ޕ‬ὐߢߪഥᚑ੐ᬺߩ੐ᬺᐕᢙߪ 1㨪3 ᐕߦ⸳ቯߐࠇߡ޿ࠆ84‫ޕ‬

81

SBA ߦࠃࠆ SBIR/STTR ߦ㑐ߔࠆᖱႎࡍ࡯ࠫ㧦
http://www.sba.gov/aboutsba/sbaprograms/sbir/sbirstir/SBIR_STTR_DESCRIPTION.html
82
SBA ߦࠃࠆ SBIR/STTR ߦ㑐ߔࠆᖱႎࡍ࡯ࠫ㧦
http://www.sba.gov/aboutsba/sbaprograms/sbir/sbirstir/sbir_sbir_description.html
http://www.sba.gov/aboutsba/sbaprograms/sbir/sbirstir/SBIR_STTR_DESCRIPTION.html
83

http://www.sba.gov/services/financialassistance/sbaloantopics/SpecialPurposeLoans/pollution/index.html
84
ห਄

26

࿑ 6 SBDC ࠍㅢߓߚ⋭ࠛࡀ੐ᬺᡰេ

ࡏࠗࠪ࡯Ꮊ┙ᄢቇ SBDC
㧔SBDC at Boise State University㧕ࠕࠗ࠳ࡎᎺ‫ޕ‬ቇ↢ߦࠃࠆ࠴࡯ࡓ߅ࠃ߮⎇ୃ↢߇ਛዊડᬺߦኻߔࠆ⋭ࠛࡀᩏቯࠍήᢱߢⴕ߁‫ޕ‬ኾ㐷ኅߦࠃࠆਛዊડᬺะߌߩ⋭ࠛࡀ⎇ୃ߽ૐࠦࠬ࠻ߢⴕࠊࠇࠆ85‫ޕ‬ࡀࡉ࡜ࠬࠞᄢቇࠝࡑࡂᩞ SBDC
㧔SBDC at the University of Nebraska in Omaha㧕ࡀࡉ࡜ࠬࠞᎺ‫ޕ‬ਛዊડᬺߩ⋭ࠛࡀᩏቯ‫ࡀࠛ⋭ޔ߮ࠃ߅ޔ‬ኻ╷ߩᡷༀߩߚ߼ߩⲢ⾗ᖱႎࠍਛዊડ
ᬺߩߚ߼ߦ⷗ߟߌࠆᵴേࠍⴕ߁‫ޕ‬ห࠮ࡦ࠲࡯ߢߪ⋭ࠛࡀ߅ࠃ߮ᑄ᫈‛೥ᷫߦ㑐ߔࠆᖱႎࠍ߹ߣ
߼ߚࡠ࡯࠼ࡑ࠶ࡊࠍ㐿⊒ߔࠆ੍ቯ86‫ޕ‬ࡀࡃ࠳ᄢቇਛዊડᬺ SBDC
㧔SBDC at the University of Nebraska in Omaha㧕ࡀࡉ࡜ࠬࠞᎺ‫ޕ‬ਛዊડᬺߩ⋭ࠛࡀᩏቯ‫ࡀࠛ⋭ޔ߮ࠃ߅ޔ‬ኻ╷ߩᡷༀߩߚ߼ߩⲢ⾗ᖱႎࠍਛዊડ
ᬺߩߚ߼ߦ⷗ߟߌࠆᵴേࠍⴕ߁‫ޕ‬ห࠮ࡦ࠲࡯ߢߪ⋭ࠛࡀ߅ࠃ߮ᑄ᫈‛೥ᷫߦ㑐ߔࠆᖱႎࠍ߹ߣ
߼ߚࡠ࡯࠼ࡑ࠶ࡊࠍ㐿⊒ߔࠆ੍ቯ87‫ޕ‬࠾ࡘ࡯࡛࡯ࠢᎺ┙ᄢቇ⎇ⓥ⽷࿅࠾ࡘ࡯࡛࡯ࠢ SBDC㧔New York SBDC at the Research Foundation of the State University㧕⋭ࠛࡀᩏቯ‫ࡦ࡯࡝ࠣޔ߮ࠃ߅ޔ‬ᑪㅧ‛‫ޔ‬ౣ↢น⢻ࠛࡀ࡞ࠡ࡯‫ޔ‬ⅣႺታ❣ߦ㑐ߔࠆᢎ⢒߅ࠃ߮ࠕ࠼ࡃࠗࠬࠍឭଏߔࠆ88‫ޕ‬಴ᚲ㧦GreenerBuilding ឝタ⸥੐89ߥ߅‫ޔ‬2009 ᐕ 3 ᦬ 10 ᣣ‫☨ޔ‬࿖਄㒮߇ࠝࡓ࠾ࡃ੍ࠬ▚᩺ࠍㅢㆊߐߖߚ߇‫ޔ‬SBA ੍▚✚㗵߇೨ᐕᐲߦᲧߴߡ 4,700 ਁ࠼࡞Ⴧߣߥࠅ‫ޔ‬SBDC න૕ߦ߽೨ᐕᐲᲧ 13%Ⴧߩ 1 ం 1,000 ਁ࠼࡞ߩ੍▚ភ⟎߇ขࠄࠇߚ90‫ߩߎޕ‬ਛߢ⋭ࠛࡀࠞ࠙ࡦ࠮࡝ࡦࠣഥᚑ㊄ߣߒߡ 100 ਁ࠼࡞ࠍలᒰߔࠆࠃ߁ข
ࠅ᳿߼ࠄࠇߡ߅ࠅ‫▚੍ޔ‬㗵߇୚Ⴧߒߡ޿ࠆ੐߆ࠄ‫ޔ‬SBDC ߦࠃࠆᒰ⹥ഥᚑ㊄ߩኻ⽎߇᜛ᄢߔࠆ
߽ߩߣ੍ᗐߐࠇࠆ‫ޕ‬

㧔4㧕 ੹ᓟߩขࠅ⚵ߺ⺖㗴
╙ 1 ┨ 1.2 ߦ߅޿ߡ EISA ߦ㑐ߔࠆ⸥ㅀਛ‫ޔ‬SBA ߩᓎഀᒝൻࠍ EISA ߦߡⴕ߁ߪߕ߇‫ᦼޔ‬ᓙߐ
ࠇߚ⒟ߩㅴዷ߇ߥ޿ߣ⼏ળ஥߆ࠄਇḩߩჿ߇⡞߆ࠇࠆߣㅀߴߚ‫ޔߦ߆⏕ޕ‬EISA ߪ SBA ߩᜂᒰ੐㗄ߣߒߡᢙὐ᣿⏕ߦ␜ߒߡ޿ߚ߇‫ߩߘޔ‬ᓟ SBA ߩⅣႺ࡮⋭ࠛࡀ໧㗴ߦ․ൻߒߚਛዊડᬺᡰេ
ౝኈߪ‫߫߃଀ޔ‬᡽ᐭߦࠃࠆ㊄㌛⊛ᡰេ⓹ญߩ⚫੺߿ࠛ࠽ࠫ࡯ࠬ࠲࡯ࡊࡠࠣ࡜ࡓߩ⚫੺╬‫ޔ‬㑐ㅪ
85ࠕࠗ࠳ࡎᎺࡆࠫࡀࠬ㐿⊒࠮ࡦ࠲࡯㧦http://www.idahosbdc.org/
GreenerBuilding ឝタ⸥੐ 㧔2008 ᐕ 12 ᦬ 16 ᣣ㧕“Four Small Business Centers Get Big Grants for Energy Efficiency
Assistance” http://www.greenerbuildings.com/news/2008/12/16/fsmall-business-centers-big-grantsࡢࠪࡦ࠻ࡦࡐࠬ࠻ឝタ⸥੐㧦” SBA Awards Energy-Efficiency Counseling
Grants”http://voices.washingtonpost.com/small-business/2008/12/sba_awards_energy-efficiency_c.html
87ห਄
88࠾ࡘ࡯࡛࡯ࠢᏒਛዊડᬺࡆࠫࡀࠬ㐿⊒࠮ࡦ࠲࡯㧦http://www.nyssbdc.org/index.cfm
89
GreenerBuilding ឝタ⸥੐ 㧔2008 ᐕ 12 ᦬ 16 ᣣ㧕“Four Small Business Centers Get Big Grants for Energy Efficiency
Assistance” http://www.greenerbuildings.com/news/2008/12/16/fsmall-business-centers-big-grants90☨࿖਄㒮ਛዊડᬺ࡮⿠ᬺኅᆔຬળ㧔U.S. Senate Committee on Small Business & Entrepreneurship㧕ߩ࠙ࠚࡉࠨࠗ࠻ឝタ⸥੐‫☨ޟ‬࿖਄㒮ߦࠃࠆਛዊડᬺ߳㊀ⷐᡰេࠍ⋓ࠅㄟࠎߛࠝࡓ࠾ࡃ੍ࠬ▚᩺น᳿㧔U.S. Senate Passes
Omnibus Appropriations Act With Vital Aid to Small Firms㧕‫ޠ‬㧦http://sbc.senate.gov/press/record.cfm?id=309396&
8627ᡰេᖱႎߩㆬ೎࡮⚫੺ߣ޿ߞߚࠢ࡝ࠕ࡝ࡦࠣࡂ࠙ࠬ㧔ᐢႎᯏ㑐㧕⊛ߥᯏ⢻એᄖߦߪ‫ޔ‬೨಴ߩ࿾ᣇߩࡆࠫࡀࠬ㐿⊒࠮ࡦ࠲࡯ࠍㅢߓߚᄢቇߦࠃࠆਛዊડᬺᡰេߩขࠅ⚵ߺએᄖ⁛⥄ߩ߽ߩߪ⷗ᒰ
ߚࠄߥ޿‫ ߩߎޕ‬SBA ߩࠗ࠾ࠪࠕ࠴ࡉ߇ᦼᓙߒߚ⒟ㅴ߼ࠄࠇߡ޿ߥ޿ὐߦߟ޿ߡ‫࠲ࠬ࡯ࠫ࠽ࠛޔ‬࡯߳ߩ࡝ࡦࠢ૞ᚑ߹ߢ 10 ᐕ⒟߆߆ߞߚߣߔࠆࠛࡀ࡞ࠡ࡯⋭㑐ଥ⠪ߦࠃࠆ⹤91߽޽ࠅ‫ޔ‬SBA ߩᓎഀᒝൻߦ޽ߚߞߡߪ‫ޔ‬SBA ߩᗧ⼂ߩ໧㗴߽‫ޔ‬ⅣႺ࡮ࠛࡀ࡞ࠡ࡯໧㗴ߦ㑐ߔࠆኾ㐷ᕈ߽ਇ⿷ߒߡ
޿ࠆߣ޿ߞߚ⺖㗴߇ጊⓍߒߡ޿ࠆ‫ޕ‬਄㒮ਛዊડᬺ࡮⿠ᬺኅᆔຬળ㧔Committee on Small Business and Entrepreneurship㧕ᆔຬ㐳ࠍോ߼ࠆ਄㒮⼏ຬߩ࡚ࠫࡦ࡮ࠤ࡝࡯㧔John Kerry, D-Massachusetts㧕ߣหᆔຬળᆔຬߩࠝ࡝ࡦࡇࠕ࡮
ࠬࡁ࠙㧔Olympia Snowe, R-Maine㧕ߪ 2008 ᐕ 7 ᦬ᧃߦ SBA ߦኻߒߡឭ಴ߒߚ⾰໧⁁92ߢ‫ޔ‬SBA
ߩᒰ⹥໧㗴ߦ㑐ߔࠆ⽿ോታⴕߦߟ޿ߡ㍈޿⾰໧ࠍᛩߍ߆ߌߡ޿ࠆ‫ޕ‬ᦠ◲ਛߦ⏕⹺ߐࠇࠆࠃ߁ߦ‫ޔ‬ਛዊડᬺᆔຬળ஥ߪ‫ޔ‬EISA ߦ߅޿ߡ SBA ߦ⟵ോઃߌߐࠇߚᒰ
⹥໧㗴߳ߩౕ૕⊛ߥขࠅ⚵ߺߦߟ޿ߡႎ๔ࠍ᳞߼‫ޔ‬ㆀⴕߒߡ޿ߥ޿႐วߩℂ↱ࠍ᳞߼ߡ޿ࠆ‫ޕ‬ㅴ᝞⁁ᴫߦߟ޿ߡߩႎ๔ࠍ᳞߼ߡ޿ࠆὐߪਅ⸥ߩㅢࠅ㧦
x

x

x

x
x

x

EPA ߩࠛ࠽ࠫ࡯ࠬ࠲࡯ߣㅪേߒߚ‫ࡓ࡜ࠣࡠࡊࠬ࠙ࡂࠣࡦ࡝ࠕ࡝ࠢ࡮࡯ࠡ࡞ࡀࠛޔ‬㧔Energy
Clearinghouse Program㧕ࠍ┙ߜ਄ߍ‫ޔ‬ਛዊડᬺߩ⋭ࠛࡀቇ⠌ᡰេࠍⴕ߁㧔࠮࡚ࠢࠪࡦ
1203㧕;
ਛዊડᬺ⋭ࠛࡀࡄࠗࡠ࠶࠻ࡊࡠࠣ࡜ࡓࠍ┙ߜ਄ߍ‫ޔ‬SBDC ߦഥᚑ㊄ࠍឭଏߒ‫ࠡ࡞ࡀࠛޔ‬࡯ല₸ᩏቯ㧔Energy Audit㧕ࠍⴕ޿‫ޔ‬ਛዊડᬺߩࠛࡀ࡞ࠡ࡯ᶖ⾌㊂ߩ೥ᷫࠍଦߔ㧔࠮ࠢ
࡚ࠪࡦ 1203㧕㧧ㅪ㇌᡽ᐭᯏ㑐߇ SBIR/STTR ࡊࡠࠣ࡜ࡓࠍ‫ߪߚ߹ࡀࠛ⋭ޔ‬ౣ↢น⢻ࠛࡀ࡞ࠡ࡯ࠪࠬ࠹ࡓ
ߩ R&D ᵴേߦ㑐ࠊࠆਛዊડᬺߦఝవ⊛ߦㆡ↪ߔࠆࠃ߁ⷐ⺧ߒ‫ࡀࠛ⋭ޔ‬ಽ㊁ߦ߅ߌࠆࠗ
ࡁࡌ࡯࡚ࠪࡦᵴേࠍផㅴߔࠆ㧔࠮࡚ࠢࠪࡦ 1203㧕㧧ౣ↢น⢻ࠛࡀ࡞ࠡ࡯ࠪࠬ࠹ࡓߩ⾼౉߽ߒߊߪ⋭ࠛࡀ੐ᬺߩⲢ⾗⋡⊛ߦ‫ޔ‬SBA හᤨ⾉ઃࡊࡠࠣ࡜ࡓ㧔Express Loan Program㧕ࠍ⸳⟎ߔࠆ㧔࠮࡚ࠢࠪࡦ 1201㧕㧧ౣ↢น⢻Άᢱ⾗ᧄᛩ⾗ડᬺࡊࡠࠣ࡜ࡓ㧔Renewable Fuel Capital Investment Company
Program㧕 ࠍ┙ߜ਄ߍ‫ޔ‬ౣ↢น⢻ࠛࡀ࡞ࠡ࡯⾗Ḯߩ R&D‫ࠣࡦࠖ࠹ࠤ࡯ࡑޔ↥↢ޔ‬ᵴേࠍଦㅴߔࠆ㧔࠮࡚ࠢࠪࡦ 1207㧕㧧ਛዊડᬺ࿷ቛᬺോࡄࠗࡠ࠶࠻ࡊࡠࠣ࡜ࡓ㧔Small Business Telecommuting Pilot Program㧕ࠍਥዉߒ‫ޔ‬ਛዊડᬺߩ⚻༡⠪߿ᓥᬺຬߦ࿷ቛᬺോߩࠝࡊ࡚ࠪࡦ㑐ㅪᖱႎࠍឭଏߔࠆ㧔࠮࡚ࠢࠪࡦ 1203㧕93‫ޕ‬ߎߩ߁ߜ‫ޔ‬ዋߥߊߣ߽ SBA ߇૗ࠄ߆ߩኻ╷ࠍ⻠ߓߡ޿ࠆߩߪࠛ࠽ࠫ࡯ࠬ࠲࡯㧔ࡊࡠࠣ࡜ࡓߩ
⚫੺㧕‫ޔ‬SBDC‫ޔ‬SBIR/STTR ߢ޽ࠆ߇‫ޔ‬EISA ೙ቯᤨߦ SBA ߦᦼᓙߐࠇߚ൮᜝⊛ߥขࠅ⚵ߺ߇㓈‫߈ⴕߢ߹ޘ‬ᷰߞߡ޿ࠆߣ߹ߢߪ޿߆ߥ޿‫ޕ‬SBA 㑐ଥ⠪߳ߩ⡞߈ขࠅߦࠃࠆߣ‫ޔ‬SBA ߢߪᒰ⹥ᦠ◲ߦߟ޿ߡ๟⍮ߒߡߪ޿ࠆ߇‫ޔ‬ᄢ⛔㗔ㆬߩ૫Ⴚߦ޽ߞߚᤨᦼߩᒰ⹥ᦠ◲߇೉᜼ߒߚ໧㗴ὐߦߟ޿ߡߪ‫ޔ‬᡽ᮭ੤ઍᤨᦼߩᷙੂᦼߦ޽ࠅ߇ߜߥ‫ޟޔ‬ኻᔕߒ߈ࠇࠆߪߕ߽ߥ޿᩺ઙ‫⼂⹺߁޿ߣޠ‬߇ᄙዋߥࠅߣ߽⷗߃㓝ࠇߔࠆ‫ޔߒ߆ߒޕ‬ᛚ⹺ᓙߜߩᣂ SBA 㐳ቭߩ࡝࡯࠳࡯ࠪ࠶ࡊߦᦼᓙߒ‫ޔ‬SBA⡯ຬߩਛߦߊߔ߱ࠆᄙ᭽ߥࠕࠗ࠺ࠕ߇ᣣߩ⋡ࠍ⷗ࠆ੐ࠍᦼᓙߔࠆߣ޿߁⊒⸒߇޽ߞߚ94‫ޕ‬

91

2009 ᐕ 3 ᦬ߦࡢࠪࡦ࠻ࡦࠦࠕ߇ⴕߞߚ NSBA ߳ߩ⋥ធ⡞߈ขࠅ⺞ᩏࠃࠅ‫ޕ‬NSBA ஥㧦Mr. Kyle Kempf, SeniorDirector of Government Affairs
92
⾰໧⁁㧦http://sbc.senate.gov/oversight/lettersout/080731-SBA-Carranza-EnergyEfficiency.pdf
93
http://sbc.senate.gov/topic_record.cfm?id=301608&
94
2009 ᐕ 3 ᦬ߦࡢࠪࡦ࠻ࡦࠦࠕ߇ⴕߞߚ NSBA ߳ߩ⋥ធ⡞߈ขࠅ⺞ᩏࠃࠅ‫ޕ‬NSBA ஥㧦Mr. Kyle Kempf, SeniorDirector of Government Affairs

28

2.3

ࠛࡀ࡞ࠡ࡯⋭

㧔1㧕 ਛዊડᬺᡰេࡊࡠࠣ࡜ࡓ᭎ⷰ
ࠛࡀ࡞ࠡ࡯⋭㧔Department of Energy: DOE㧕ߢ‫ޔ‬ਛዊડᬺะߌࡊࡠࠣ࡜ࡓࠍᜂᒰߒߡ޿ࠆㇱ⟑ߣߒߡ‫ޔ‬ਥߦࠛࡀ࡞ࠡ࡯ല₸෸߮ౣ↢น⢻ࠛࡀ࡞ࠡ࡯ዪ㧔Office of Energy Efficiency & Renewable
Energy: EERE㧕ߣ⑼ቇዪ㧔Office of Science㧕߇᜼ߍࠄࠇࠆ‫ޕ‬EERE ߪࠛ࠽ࠫ࡯ࠬ࠲࡯ࡊࡠࠣ࡜
ࡓ㧔Energy Star㧕߿↥ᬺ⹏ଔ࠮ࡦ࠲࡯(The Industrial Assessment Centers : IACs)ߦࠃࠆࡊࡠࠣ࡜ࡓ
ࠍឭଏߒߡ޿ࠆ‫ޔߪߡ޿߅ߦࡓ࡜ࠣࡠࡊ࡯࠲ࠬ࡯ࠫ࠽ࠛޕ‬ਛዊડᬺ߇಴᧪ࠆ⋭ࠛࡀኻ╷߿‫⋭ޔ‬ࠛࡀ⵾ຠ࡝ࠬ࠻ߥߤᖱႎߩឭଏࠍⴕ޿‫ޔ‬IACs ߢߪࠛࡀ࡞ࠡ࡯ല₸ᩏቯ╬⹏ଔ࡮ࠦࡦࠨ࡞ឭଏࠍ
ⴕߞߡ޿ࠆ‫৻ޕ‬ᣇ⑼ቇዪߪਛዊડᬺᛛⴚࠗࡁࡌ࡯࡚ࠪࡦ⎇ⓥࡊࡠࠣ࡜ࡓ㧔Small Business
Innovation Research Program: SBIR㧕ࠍታᣉߒ‫ޔ‬ਛዊડᬺߦኻߔࠆࠢ࡝࡯ࡦߥᛛⴚࠗࡁࡌ࡯࡚ࠪ
ࡦ㑐ㅪ੐ᬺߩ R&D ᵴേะߌⲢ⾗ࠍⴕߞߡ޿ࠆ‫ ઁߩߘޕ‬EERE ߩࡊࡠࠣ࡜ࡓߦߪ⊒᣿࡮ࠗࡁࡌ
࡯࡚ࠪࡦࡊࡠࠣ࡜ࡓ㧔Inventions and Innovation: I&I㧕߇޽ࠅ‫ޔ‬዁᧪ᕈߩ޽ࠆ⋭ࠛࡀࠦࡦ࠮ࡊ࠻߿
⋭ࠛࡀᛛⴚߩ⊒᣿⠪‫ޔ‬෸߮‫ࠍࠄࠇߘޔ‬ᛒ߁ડᬺߦะߌߚ㊄㌛⊛ᡰេ෸߮ᛛⴚᡰេࠍឭଏߔࠆߎ
ߣߣߥߞߡ޿ࠆ߇‫ޔ‬2007 ᐕᐲએ㒠ߪ੍▚ភ⟎߇ขࠄࠇߡ޿ߥ޿95‫ޕ‬㧔2㧕 ࠛࡀ࡞ࠡ࡯ല₸෸߮ౣ↢น⢻ࠛࡀ࡞ࠡ࡯ዪ㧔EERE㧕ߦࠃࠆࡊࡠࠣ࡜ࡓ
EERE ߩ᭎ⷐ
ࠛࡀ࡞ࠡ࡯ല₸෸߮ౣ↢น⢻ࠛࡀ࡞ࠡ࡯ዪ㧔Energy Efficiency and Renewable Energy: EERE㧕ߩ૶๮ߪ☨࿖ߩࠛࡀ࡞ࠡ࡯቟ో଻㓚‫ޔ‬ⅣႺ‫⚻ޔ‬ᷣࠍ‫ޔ‬ቭ᳃ㅪ៤ࠍታ⃻ߒߥ߇ࠄᒝൻߒߡ޿ߊߎ
ߣߢ޽ࠆ‫૶ߩߎޕ‬๮ߪਅ⸥ࠍㅢߓߡㆀⴕߐࠇࠆ㧦xxx⋭ࠛࡀ૕೙߅ࠃ߮↢↥ജߩᒝൻࠢ࡝࡯ࡦߢା㗬ᕈߩ㜞޿‫ޔ‬ᚻߏࠈߥଔᩰߩᛛⴚߩᏒ႐߳ߩዉ౉
☨࿖࿖᳃ߩᣣᏱ↢ᵴߦ߅ߌࠆࠛࡀ࡞ࠡ࡯ߦ㑐ߔࠆㆬᛯ⢇ߩჇᄢߣ↢ᵴߩ⾰㧔QOL㧕ߩะ
਄96

EERE ߪㅪ㇌᡽ᐭߩ⋭ࠛࡀ㑐ㅪ R&D ߅ࠃ߮ᚢ⇛ዷ㐿ࠍਥዉߔࠆ┙႐ߦ޽ࠆ‫☨ޕ‬࿖ߩ዁᧪ߩࠛ
ࡀ࡞ࠡ࡯໧㗴ߦߣߞߡᕆോߢ޽ࠆ߽ߩߩ‫ޔ‬᳃㑆ߛߌߢߪታ⃻઀ಾࠇߥ޿ࡂࠗ࡝ࠬࠢ࡮㜞ઃടଔ୯ߥ R&D ᵴേߦᛩ⾗ߔࠆ੐߇ߘߩ૶๮ߢ޽ࠆ‫ޕ‬
EERE ߩࡊࡠࠣ࡜ࡓߪ᳃㑆‫ޔ‬Ꮊ᡽ᐭ‫ޔ‬࿾ᣇ⥄ᴦ૕‫⋭࡯ࠡ࡞ࡀࠛޔ‬૬⸳ߩ࿖┙⎇ⓥᚲ‫ޔ‬ᄢቇߣߩㅪ៤ߢㆀⴕߐࠇࠆ‫ޕ‬EERE ߪࠢ࡝࡯ࡦࠛࡀ࡞ࠡ࡯ߩవ┵ᛛⴚߩ㐿⊒ߣหᛛⴚផㅴߦᔅⷐߥࡊ
ࡠࠣ࡜ࡓߣ᡽╷ࠍ㐿⊒ߔߴߊᄙ᭽ߥࠬ࠹ࠗࠢࡎ࡞࠳࡯ߣㅪ៤ߒߡ޿ࠆ97‫ޕ‬ߥ߅‫ޔ‬2009 ᐕ 2 ᦬ߦᚑ┙ߒߚ‫ޟ‬2009 ᐕ☨࿖ౣ↢࡮ౣᛩ⾗ᴺ㧔American Recovery and Reinvestment
Act of 2009㧕‫ޔߡ޿߅ߦޠ‬EERE ੍▚߇ 168 ం࠼࡞ߣ‫ޔ‬ᓥ᧪ߩ 10 ୚ߦჇ㗵98ߐࠇߡ߅ࠅ‫ޔ‬ਛዊડᬺะߌߩᡰេౝኈ߽ߎࠇߦዋߥ߆ࠄߕᓇ㗀ࠍฃߌࠆߣ੍ᗐߐࠇࠆ‫ޕ‬95

I&I ߦߟ޿ߡߪ⹏ଔߩಽ߆ࠇࠆᚲߢ޽ࠅ‫ޔ‬2007 ᐕએ㒠߽Ფᐕ⼏ળ੍▚᩺ߦ⋓ࠅㄟ߹ࠇࠆ߽ߩߩଐὼߣߒߡ੍
▚ភ⟎߇ขࠄࠇߧ߹߹ߩ⁁ᘒߢ޽ࠆ‫ޕ‬᣿⏕ߥ੐ߪಽ߆ࠄߥ޿߇‫ߩ⋭࡯ࠡ࡞ࡀࠛޔ‬ෳടߔࠆਛዊડᬺኻ⽎ߩ SBIRߩሽ࿷߇ዋߥ߆ࠄߕᓇ㗀ߒߡ޿ࠆශ⽎‫ޕ‬㧔2009 ᐕ 3 ᦬ߦࡢࠪࡦ࠻ࡦࠦࠕ߇ⴕߞߚࠛࡀ࡞ࠡ࡯⋭߳ߩ⋥ធ⡞߈ขࠅ⺞ᩏࠃࠅ‫⋭࡯ࠡ࡞ࡀࠛޕ‬஥㧦Mr. Bill Prymak, Golden Field Office㧕96
EERE ߦߟ޿ߡ㧦http://www1.eere.energy.gov/office_eere/mission.html
97
EERE ߦߟ޿ߡ㧦http://www.energy.gov/energyefficiency/index.htm

29

EERE ߩਛዊડᬺⅣႺ࡮⋭ࠛࡀᡰេࡊࡠࠣ࡜ࡓ
↥ᬺ⹏ଔ࠮ࡦ࠲࡯(IACs)↥ᬺ⹏ଔ࠮ࡦ࠲࡯(The Industrial Assessment Centers : IACs)ߪ‫ޔ‬EERE ߩ↥ᬺᛛⴚࡊࡠࠣ࡜ࡓ
㧔Industrial Technologies Program㧕ߩਅ‫ޔ‬ᐕ㑆✚ᄁ਄㗵߇ 1 ం࠼࡞ᧂḩ‫ޔ‬ᓥᬺຬ 500 ੱᧂḩߩਛዊⷙᮨߩ⵾ㅧᬺ⠪ߦήᢱߢࠛࡀ࡞ࠡ࡯૶↪߅ࠃ߮ᑄ᫈‛ಣℂߩ⹏ଔࠨ࡯ࡆࠬࠍឭଏߒߡ޿ࠆ99‫ޕ‬ࠛࡀ࡞ࠡ࡯⋭ߩ࠙ࠚࡉࠨࠗ࠻ࠍㅢߓߡᔕ൐ߐࠇߚਛዊડᬺߩ⹏ଔ᩺ઙߪ‫ ☨ోޔ‬26 ᄢቇߩ IACs࠮ࡦ࠲࡯ߩ৻ߟߦᝄࠅಽߌࠄࠇࠆ‫⹏ޕ‬ଔᵴേߪ‫ޔ‬IACs ߇ࠛࡀ࡞ࠡ࡯⋭߆ࠄߩഥᚑ㊄ࠍ↪޿ߡⴕߞߡ޿ࠆ100‫ޕ‬ࠛࡀ࡞ࠡ࡯⋭ߦࠃࠆߣ‫ޔ‬㔚᳇૶↪ᢱ㊄߇ᐕ㑆 10 ਁ࠼࡞⒟ᐲߩਛዊડᬺ߇‫ ߽ᦨޔ‬IAC㨟ߩ⹏ଔᵴേߩᕲᕺࠍฃߌ߿ߔ޿ߚ߼‫ߩߘޔ‬ὐ߽ኻ⽎ડᬺ▸࿐ߩ᳿ቯߩ㓙ߩ್ᢿᩮ᜚ߣߥߞߡ޿ࠆ101‫ޕ‬
IACs ߩ⹏ଔߦࠃߞߡ⵾ㅧᬺડᬺ 1 ␠޽ߚࠅᐔဋ⚂ 55,000 ࠼࡞ߩ⚻⾌߇▵ᷫߐࠇߡ߅ࠅ102‫ޔ‬2009ᐕᐲߦߪ 350 ᣣ㑆ߩ↥ᬺ⹏ଔᵴേ‫┹ޔ‬੎⊛ㆬቯࡊࡠ࠮ࠬ103ࠍ⚻ߡㆬ߫ࠇߚ 26 ᄢቇߢᎿቇࠍቇ߱
120 ฬߩቇ↢ߦኻߒߡ‫ޔ࡯ࠡ࡞ࡀࠛޔ‬ᑄ᫈‛ಣℂ‫↥↢ޔ‬ᕈߦ㑐ߔࠆ⎇ୃᵴേࠍⴕ߁੍ቯߢ޽ࠆ104‫ޕ‬ߥ߅‫ޔ‬2008 ᐕᐲ‫ޔ‬2009 ᐕᐲߩ੍▚㗵ߪ 400 ਁ࠼࡞105ߢ޽ࠆ‫ޔߣࠆࠃߦ⋭࡯ࠡ࡞ࡀࠛޕ‬ᐕ㑆ߩ
1 ᄢቇߦࠃࠆ⹏ଔઙᢙߪᐔဋߒߡ 12 ઙߛ߇‫৻ޔ‬ᣇߢ 1-2 ᐕߩࠠࡖࡦ࠮࡞ᓙߜ߽ᄙ޿ߣ޿߁⃻⁁߽޽ࠅ‫ޔ‬ᒰ⹥੍▚ߩჇᄢ߇ታ⃻ߔࠇ߫‫ޔ‬ᄢቇߩ૕ജߣߒߡߪ⹏ଔ᩺ઙᢙߩિ߮ߦ߽චಽኻᔕ಴
᧪ࠆ⁁ᴫߦ޽ࠆ106‫ޕ‬98‫☨ޟ‬࿖ౣ↢࡮ౣᛩ⾗ᴺߦ߅ߌࠆࠢ࡝࡯ࡦࠛࡀ࡞ࠡ࡯໧㗴㧔Clean Energy Aspects of the American Recovery andReinvestment Act”㧕‫ޠ‬
http://www.renewableenergyworld.com/rea/news/article/2009/02/clean-energy-aspects-of-the-american-recovery-and-reinvestment-act
99
IACs ߦߟ޿ߡ㧦http://www1.eere.energy.gov/industry/bestpractices/iacs.html
1002009 ᐕ 3 ᦬ߦࡢࠪࡦ࠻ࡦࠦࠕ߇ⴕߞߚࠛࡀ࡞ࠡ࡯⋭߳ߩ⋥ធ⡞߈ขࠅ⺞ᩏࠃࠅ‫⋭࡯ࠡ࡞ࡀࠛޕ‬஥㧦Mr. Bill
Prymak, Golden Field Office101ห਄‫ޕ‬ห᳁ߪ‫ ߽ߘ߽ߘޟ‬+#%U ߦࠃࠆ⹏ଔᵴേߪᄢቇ߿ߘߎߦᚲዻߔࠆቇ↢ߦࠃࠅⴕࠊࠇࠆߚ߼‫ޔ‬ᐕ㑆ߩ㔚᳇૶↪ᢱ㊄߇ᢙ⊖ਁ࠼࡞ߣߥࠆᄢડᬺߪᚻߦ૛ࠆ‫߽ߣޠ‬ㅀߴߡ޿ࠆ‫ޕ‬102
IACs ߦߟ޿ߡ㧦http://www1.eere.energy.gov/industry/bestpractices/iacs.html
103
5 ᐕᲤߦ౉ᧅࠍⴕߞߡ߅ࠅ‫ޔ‬ᄢቇߩ౉ࠇᦧࠊࠅ߽޽ࠆ‫ޕ‬㧔2009 ᐕ 3 ᦬ߦࡢࠪࡦ࠻ࡦࠦࠕ߇ⴕߞߚࠛࡀ࡞ࠡ࡯
⋭߳ߩ⋥ធ⡞߈ขࠅ⺞ᩏࠃࠅ‫⋭࡯ࠡ࡞ࡀࠛޕ‬஥㧦Mr. Bill Prymak, Golden Field Office㧕104⃻࿷ߩࡈࠖ࡯࡞࠼࡮ࡑࡀࠫࡖ࡯ߪ࡜࠻ࠟ࡯࠭ᄢቇ㧔Rutgers University㧕ߢ޽ࠅ‫ޔ‬หⴕ߇ో☨ IACs ߳ߩ⎇ୃ࡮ࡕ࠾࠲࡯ᵴേࠍᜂߞߡ޿ࠆ‫ޕ‬
㧔2009 ᐕ 3 ᦬ߦࡢࠪࡦ࠻ࡦࠦࠕ߇ⴕߞߚࠛࡀ࡞ࠡ࡯⋭߳ߩ⋥ធ⡞߈ขࠅ⺞ᩏࠃࠅ‫ޕ‬ࠛࡀ࡞ࠡ࡯⋭஥㧦Mr. Bill Prymak, Golden Field Office㧕105
2008 ᐕᐲ EERE ੍▚ⷐ⚂㧦http://www1.eere.energy.gov/ba/pba/pdfs/FY08_budget_brief.pdf㧔p. 24㧕
2009 ᐕᐲ EERE ੍▚ⷐ⚂㧦http://www1.eere.energy.gov/ba/pba/pdfs/FY09_budget_brief.pdf㧔p. 33㧕
106੍▚Ⴧ㗵߇ታ⃻ߔࠇ߫‫ޔ‬ᄢቇߩᄐભߺᦼ㑆ߦ IAC㨟ᵴേࠍ⛮⛯಴᧪ࠆ‫ޕ‬㧔2009 ᐕ 3 ᦬ߦࡢࠪࡦ࠻ࡦࠦࠕ߇
ⴕߞߚࠛࡀ࡞ࠡ࡯⋭߳ߩ⋥ធ⡞߈ขࠅ⺞ᩏࠃࠅ‫⋭࡯ࠡ࡞ࡀࠛޕ‬஥㧦Mr. Bill Prymak, Golden Field Office㧕‫ޕ‬

30

⴫ 8

⷏ㇱ

ਛ⷏ㇱ

ਛㇱᄢ⷏ᵗጯㇱ
ਛㇱ

ർ᧲ㇱ

ධ᧲ㇱ

IAC ᜰቯ 26 ᄢቇ࡝ࠬ࠻

ࠝ࡟ࠧࡦᎺ┙ᄢቇ㧔Oregon State University㧕ࠨࡦ࠺ࠖࠛࠧᎺ┙ᄢቇ㧔San Diego State University㧕ࠨࡦࡈ࡜ࡦࠪࠬࠦᎺ┙ᄢቇ㧔San Francisco State University㧕ࡢࠪࡦ࠻ࡦᄢቇ㧔University of Washington㧕ࡉ࡜࠶࠼࡟࡯ᄢቇ㧔Bradley University㧕ࠕࠗࠝࡢᎺ┙ᄢቇ㧔Iowa State University㧕࠺ࠗ࠻ࡦᄢቇ㧔University of Dayton㧕ࠗ࡝ࡁࠗᄢቇࠪࠞࠧᩞ㧔University of Illinois at Chicago㧕ࡒࠪࠟࡦᄢቇ㧔University of Michigan㧕ࡒ࠭࡯࡝ᄢቇࠦࡠࡦࡆࠕᩞ(University of Missouri-Columbia)ࠪ࡜ࠠࡘ࡯࠭ᄢቇ㧔Syracuse University㧕࠙ࠚࠬ࠻ࡃ࡯ࠫ࠾ࠕᄢቇ㧔West Virginia University㧕ࠦࡠ࡜࠼Ꮊ┙ᄢቇ㧔Colorado State University㧕ࠝࠢ࡜ࡎࡑᎺ┙ᄢቇ㧔Oklahoma State University㧕࠹ࠠࠨࠬ A㧒M ᄢቇ㧔Texas A&M University㧕࡞ࠗࠫࠕ࠽ᄢቇ࡜ࡈࠔࠗࠛ࠶࠻ᩞ㧔University of Louisiana at Lafayette㧕࡝࡯ࡂࠗᄢቇ㧔Lehigh University㧕࠺࡜࠙ࠚࠕᄢቇ㧔University of Delaware㧕ࡑࠨ࠴ࡘ࡯࠮࠶࠷ᄢቇ㧔University of Massachusetts㧕࡚ࠫ࡯ࠫࠕᎿ⑼ᄢቇ(Georgia Institute of Technology)ࡒࠪࠪ࠶ࡇᎺ┙ᄢቇ㧔Mississippi State University㧕ࡁ࡯ࠬࠞࡠ࡜ࠗ࠽Ꮊ┙ᄢቇ㧔North Carolina State University㧕࠹ࡀࠪ࡯Ꮏ⑼ᄢቇ㧔Tennessee Technological University㧕ࠕ࡜ࡃࡑᄢቇ㧔University of Alabama㧕ࡈࡠ࡝࠳ᄢቇ㧔University of Florida㧕ࡑࠗࠕࡒᄢቇ㧔University of Miami㧕
107಴ᚲ㧦ࠛࡀ࡞ࠡ࡯⋭࠙ࠚࡉࠨࠗ࠻

ㆊ෰ߩ⹏ଔ੐଀ߪ IAC㨟࠺࡯࠲ࡌ࡯ࠬߦ㓸⚂ߐࠇߡ߅ࠅ‫⹏ޔ‬ଔ੐଀ߣࠕ࠼ࡃࠗࠬਔᣇߦߟ޿
ߡ↥ᬺ‫ⷙޔ‬ᮨ‫ޔ‬ᐕᐲ‫᧦ߚߞ޿ߣ࠻ࠬࠦ࡯ࠡ࡞ࡀࠛޔ‬ઙߦࠃࠅᬌ⚝߇น⢻ߢ޽ࠆ‫ޕ‬2009 ᐕ 3 ᦬ 15ᣣᤨὐߢห࠺࡯࠲ࡌ࡯ࠬߢߪ 14,172 ઙߩ⹏ଔ੐଀ߣ 105,635 ઙߩឭ᩺ઙᢙ108ࠍ⏕⹺಴᧪ࠆ‫ࠕޕ‬࠼ࡃࠗࠬߩౝ⸶ࠍ⷗ࠆߣ‫ ߡ޿ߟߦ࠻ࡦࡔࠫࡀࡑ࡯ࠡ࡞ࡀࠛޔ‬90,996 ઙߢ৻␠ᐔဋ 11,646 ࠼࡞ߩ⚻⾌▵ᷫࠍታ⃻ߒߡ޿ࠆ৻ᣇ‫ޔ‬ᑄ᫈‛೥ᷫ࡮ᳪᨴ੍㒐ߦߟ޿ߡߪ 8,884 ઙ‫␠৻ޔ‬ᐔဋ 25,734 ࠼࡞ߩ⚻⾌▵ᷫߦᚑഞߒߡ޿ࠆ‫⹏ޕ‬ଔᓟߩࠕ࠼ࡃࠗࠬታᣉ₸ߪࠛࡀ࡞ࠡ࡯ࡑࡀࠫࡔࡦ࠻߇ 47.53%‫ޔ‬ᑄ᫈‛೥ᷫ࡮ᳪᨴ੍㒐߇ 37.12%ߣߥߞߡ޿ࠆ109‫ޕ‬߹ߚ‫ޔ‬IACs ߪ‫ޔ‬ቇ↢߇⵾ㅧᬺߩ⃻႐ߦ಴ะ޿ߚ਄ߢ⋭ࠛࡀ߿ᑄ᫈‛೥ᷫ࡮ᳪᨴ੍㒐ߩ⹏ଔࠍ⸘㊂⊛ߦ▚಴ߔࠆߣ޿߁⾆㊀ߥ⎇ୃᯏળߢ޽ࠆߎߣ߆ࠄ‫ޔ‬ᰴ਎ઍߩࠛࡀ࡞ࠡ࡯໧㗴ኾ㐷ኅ⢒ᚑߩ႐ߣߒߡߩ㊀ⷐᕈ߽㜞ߊ⹏ଔߐࠇߡ޿ࠆ‫ޔߣࠆࠃߦ⋭࡯ࠡ࡞ࡀࠛޕ‬IACs ߦෳടߒߚቇ↢ߩ⚂
60㧑⒟ᐲ߇තᬺᓟࠛࡀ࡞ࠡ࡯↥ᬺ⇇ߦዞ⡯ߒߡ޿ࠆ110‫ޕ‬
107

IACs ᚲ࿷࿾: http://www1.eere.energy.gov/industry/bestpractices/industrial_assessment_center_locations.html
IACs ࠺࡯࠲ࡌ࡯ࠬߦߟ޿ߡ㧦http://www1.eere.energy.gov/industry/bestpractices/iac_tools_and_publications.html
⹏ଔ੐଀ᢙߣឭ᩺㧔recommendation㧕ઙᢙߩ㓐ᤨߩ⏕⹺ߪߎߜࠄ㧦http://iac.rutgers.edu/database/ 㧔ࠕࠢ࠮ࠬᤨ
㑆㧦2009 ᐕ 3 ᦬ 16 ᣣ EST 18:54㧕
109
IACs ࠺࡯࠲ࡌ࡯ࠬࠃࠅ㧦http://iac.rutgers.edu/database/arc.php 㧔ࠕࠢ࠮ࠬᤨ㑆㧦2009 ᐕ 3 ᦬ 16 ᣣ EST 18:54㧕
110
2009 ᐕ 3 ᦬ߦࡢࠪࡦ࠻ࡦࠦࠕ߇ⴕߞߚࠛࡀ࡞ࠡ࡯⋭߳ߩ⋥ធ⡞߈ขࠅ⺞ᩏࠃࠅ‫⋭࡯ࠡ࡞ࡀࠛޕ‬஥㧦Mr. Bill
Prymak, Golden Field Office‫ޕ‬
108

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IACs ߦࠃࠆ⹏ଔ᩺ઙࡑ࠶ࡊ㧔ࡊࡠࠣ࡜ࡓ㐿ᆎ㨪2009 ᐕ⃻࿷㧕಴ᚲ㧦ࠛࡀ࡞ࠡ࡯⋭࠙ࠚࡉࠨࠗ࠻111⊒᣿࡮ࠗࡁࡌ࡯࡚ࠪࡦࡊࡠࠣ࡜ࡓ㧔I&I㧕112ࠛࡀ࡞ࠡ࡯⋭↥ᬺᛛⴚࡊࡠࠣ࡜ࡓ㧔Industrial Technologies Program: ITP㧕ߩ৻Ⅳߣߒߡ૏⟎ߠߌࠄࠇߡ޿ࠆ⊒᣿࡮ࠗࡁࡌ࡯࡚ࠪࡦࡊࡠࠣ࡜ࡓ㧔Inventions and Innovation: I&I㧕ߪ‫ࡀࠛ⋭ޔ‬ᛛⴚߦ㑐ߔࠆ዁᧪ᕈߩ㜞޿ࠕࠗ࠺ࠕࠍᜬߟ⁛┙♽ᛩ⾗ኅ߅ࠃ߮ਛዊડᬺߦኻߒഥᚑ㊄ࠍឭଏߔࠆ߽
ߩߢ޽ࠆ‫ޔߦߺߥߜޕ‬I&I ࡊࡠࠣ࡜ࡓߪ 1976 ᐕߦࠛࡀ࡞ࠡ࡯㑐ㅪ⊒᣿ࡊࡠࠣ࡜ࡓ㧔Energy Related
Inventions Program: ERIP㧕ߩ৻Ⅳߣߒߡᆎേߒߚ‫ޕ‬ᒰ⹥ࡊࡠࠣ࡜ࡓߩᒰೋ੍▚ߪ 150 ਁ࠼࡞ߢ޽ࠅ‫ޔ‬2000 ᐕᐲ߹ߢว⸘⚂ 1 ం 1,683 ਁ 8,000 ࠼࡞ߩ੍▚ភ⟎ࠍฃߌߚ113‫ޕ‬ᡰេಽ㊁ߪ‫↥ޔ‬ᬺߦ߅ߌࠆੑ㉄ൻ὇⚛߅ࠃ߮ߘߩઁ᷷ቶലᨐࠟࠬߩ೥ᷫߦะߌߚೋᦼᲑ㓏ߩᛛⴚ߅ࠃ߮ࠦࡦ࠮ࡊ
࠻ߢ޽ࠆ114‫ޕ‬Ფᐕ 1㨪2 ᐲߦࠊߚࠅ‫ޔ‬I&I ߪᛛⴚ⠪‫⑼ޔ‬ቇ⠪‫ޔ‬෸߮ਛዊડᬺ߆ࠄࡊࡠࡐ࡯ࠩ࡞ࠍ൐㓸ߔࠆ‫ޕ‬ᔕ൐ᢙߪᲤ࿁ 400㨪500 ઙߦ਄ࠅ‫ ߜ߁ޔ‬20㨪30 ઙ߇ㆬ಴ߐࠇࠆ‫ޕ‬ഥᚑ㊄ߪએਅߩㅢࠅ 2 ߟߦ඙
ಽߐࠇࠆ㧦
x
x

඙ಽ 1㧦ታ⃻น⢻ᕈߩ㜞޿ࠕࠗ࠺ࠕߦⵣઃߌࠄࠇߚࡊ࡜ࡦ㐿⊒߇ኻ⽎‫ޕ‬਄㒢㗵ߪ 5 ਁ࠼࡞‫ޕ‬඙ಽ 2㧦ታ↪㧔࡟ࡌ࡞ߩ㧕⹜૞ᯏ㧔working prototype㧕㐿⊒߇ኻ⽎‫ޕ‬਄㒢㗵ߪ 25 ਁ࠼࡞‫ޕ‬

I&I ࡊࡠࠣ࡜ࡓ߆ࠄഥᚑ㊄ࠍᓧߚડᬺኅ࡮ᛩ⾗ኅߦߪ‫ޔ‬㊄㌛⊛ᡰេߩઁߦ߽‫ޔ‬੐ᬺ⸘↹ᡰេࠨ࡯ࡆࠬ߿ࡀ࠶࠻ࡢ࡯ࠠࡦࠣ╬ߩ࡝࠰࡯ࠬࠍឭଏߔࠆ‫ޔߚ߹ޕ‬ᛛⴚߩ໡ᬺൻࠍ⚂᧤ߒߚഥᚑవ
ߦߪ‫ޔ‬Ꮢ႐⹏ଔߩ⾌↪ࠍឭଏߒ‫ޔ‬੐ᬺᚢ⇛㐿⊒ᡰេ߽ឭଏߔࠆ‫ޕ‬
111''4' ↥ᬺᛛⴚࡊࡠࠣ࡜ࡓ +#%U ࠺࡯࠲ࡌ࡯ࠬࠃࠅ: http://iac.rutgers.edu/database/geography.php
2007 ᐕએ㒠‫ޔ‬ᒰ⹥ࡊࡠࠣ࡜ࡓߩ੍▚ភ⟎ߪߥߐࠇߡ߅ࠄߕ‫ޔ‬2009 ᐕᐲߩ੍▚㗵߽࠯ࡠߢߪ޽ࠆ߽ߩߩ‫ޔ‬ㅊ⸥ߒߚ‫ޕ‬
113⊒᣿࡮ࠗࡁࡌ࡯࡚ࠪࡦࡊࡠࠣ࡜ࡓ㧔I&I㧕㧦http://www1.eere.energy.gov/inventions/about.html
1142009 ᐕᐲ EERE ੍▚ⷐ⚂ࠃࠅ㧦http://www1.eere.energy.gov/ba/pba/pdfs/FY09_budget_brief.pdf㧔p. 34㧕
112

32

I&I ߪ࠙ࠚࡉࠨࠗ࠻ࠍ┙ߜ਄ߍߡ⿠ᬺኅߦᖱႎ࠷࡯࡞ߣࡀ࠶࠻ࡢ࡯ࠢ࡝࠰࡯ࠬࠍឭଏߒߡ޿
ࠆㆊ෰ߦᚑഞߒߚડᬺ߆ࠄഥ⸒ࠍฃߌࠆࠝࡊ࡚ࠪࡦ߽޽ࠆ‫ޕ‬ഥᚑవߩㅊ〔⺞ᩏߪ‫ޔ‬㐿⊒ᡰេߐࠇߚ໡ຠ߇Ꮢ႐߆ࠄᶖ߃ࠆ߹ߢ⛯ߌࠄࠇࠆ115‫ޕ‬2004 ᐕ 3 ᦬ߦ EERE ߆ࠄ⊒⴫ߐࠇߚ‫⊒ޟ‬᣿ࠗࡁࡌ࡯࡚ࠪࡦᐕᰴႎ๔ᦠ 2005‫ޔߣࠆࠃߦޠ‬หࡊࡠࠣ࡜ࡓߦࠃࠆ 2003 ᐕᤨὐߦ߅ߌࠆᚑᨐ㧔৻ㇱ㧕ߪਅ⸥ߩㅢࠅߢ޽ࠆ㧦xxxหࡊࡠࠣ࡜ࡓߩᛩ⾗෼⋉₸ߪ‫ޔ‬ㅪ㇌᡽ᐭߦࠃࠆᛩ⾗㗵 1 ࠼࡞ߦኻߒ 73.85 ࠼࡞ߦ⋧ᒰߒߚ‫ޕ‬หࡊࡠࠣ࡜ࡓߦࠃࠆ㔚ജ૶↪೥ᷫ㊂ߪ 1,580 ళࠫࡘ࡯࡞‫ߦ࡞࠼ޔ‬឵▚ߔࠆߣ 96 ం࠼࡞⋧ᒰߢ޽ߞߚ‫ޕ‬หࡊࡠࠣ࡜ࡓߪ㐿ᆎએ᧪✚㗵 1 ం 2,980 ਁ࠼࡞ߩ੍▚ភ⟎ࠍฃߌߚ116‫ޕ‬
⴫ 9 2003 ᐕ I&I ࡊࡠࠣ࡜ࡓߦࠃࠆಽ㊁೎᩺ઙᢙ෸߮⋭ࠛࡀ㔚ജ㊂

ࡊࡠࠣ࡜ࡓ
ࡃࠗࠝࡑࠬ
ᑪ⸳ᛛⴚ
ಽᢔࠛࡀ࡞ࠡ࡯
FreedomCAR ෸߮⥄േゞᛛⴚ↥ᬺᛛⴚ ࠕ࡞ࡒ࠾࠙ࡓ
↥ᬺᛛⴚ ൻቇ‛⾰↥ᬺᛛⴚ ᨋ↥ຠ↥ᬺᛛⴚ ㍌㊄↥ᬺᛛⴚ ㋶ᬺ↥ᬺᛛⴚ ⍹ᴤ↥ᬺᛛⴚ ㋕㍑↥ᬺᛛⴚ ಽ㊁ᮮᢿ⊛↥ᬺᛛⴚ ว⸘
ᄥ㓁ࠛࡀ࡞ࠡ࡯
ోࡊࡠࠣ࡜ࡓว⸘

⚥Ⓧ⋭ࠛࡀ㔚ജ㊂2003 ᐕ⋭ࠛࡀ㔚ജ㊂㧔න૏㧦10¹²BTU㧕㧔න૏㧦10¹²BTU㧕

᩺ઙᢙ
3
25
1
5

0.796
9.726
0.000
19.915

0.097
1.809
0.000
0.000

3
2
5
3
2
14
2
14
45
2
81

0.001
0.104
17.774136.2500.000
415.5910.010
892.857
1462.587
25.9711518.995

0.000
0.015
17.56527.550
0.000
0.396
0.001
38.85584.3820.099
86.387಴ᚲ㧦ࠛࡀ࡞ࠡ࡯⋭ EERE‫⊒ޡ‬᣿ᡷ㕟ᐕᰴႎ๔ᦠ 2005‫ޢ‬㧔2005 ᐕ 3 ᦬㧕117߹ߚ‫ޔ‬એ೨ߩᚑᨐߣߒߡ I&I ࠙ࠚࡉࠨࠗ࠻਄ߢ⊒⴫ߐࠇߡ޿ࠆᚑᨐߪਅ⸥ߩㅢࠅߢ޽ࠆ㧦x
x2001 ᐕᤨὐߢߩ⚥Ⓧᄁ਄㗵ߪ 7 ం࠼࡞ࠍᄢ߈ߊ⿥ㆊߒ‫ߩࡓ࡜ࠣࡠࡊޔ‬ㆡ↪ࠍฃߌߚਛ
ዊડᬺߩᓥᬺຬ╬ 1,189 ฬ߆ࠄᐕ㑆 600 ਁ࠼࡞એ਄ߩㅪ㇌ᚲᓧ⒢ࠍᓧߚ‫ޕ‬
1996 ᐕߩᤨὐߢ೨ᐕᐲߩឃ಴ࠟࠬ೥ᷫߦߟ޿ߡߩ࠺࡯࠲߇෼㓸ߐࠇႎ๔ߐࠇߡ޿ࠆ߇‫ޔ‬ੑ㉄ൻ὇⚛ឃ಴㊂ߦߟ޿ߡ 150 ਁࡔ࡯࠻࡞࠻ࡦߩ೥ᷫ߇⸥㍳ߐࠇߡ޿ࠆ118‫ޕ‬

115

I&I ࡊࡠࠣ࡜ࡓߦߟ޿ߡ㧦http://www1.eere.energy.gov/inventions/about.html‫⊒ޟ‬᣿ࠗࡁࡌ࡯࡚ࠪࡦᐕᰴႎ๔ᦠ 2005㧔Inventions and Innovation Annual Report 2005㧕‫ޠ‬㧦
http://www1.eere.energy.gov/inventions/pdfs/ii_annual_report_2005.pdf 㧔p. 9㧕
117Ꮢ႐ൻᚑഞ଀࡝ࠬ࠻㧔Table of Commercial Success㧕ࠃࠅ࠺࡯࠲ᛮ☴㧦
http://www1.eere.energy.gov/inventions/pdfs/ii_annual_report_2005.pdf 㧔pp. 10 - 13㧕
11633ߥ߅‫ޔ‬ᒰ⹥ࡊࡠࠣ࡜ࡓߦ߅ߌࠆㆊ෰ߩᚑഞ੐଀ߦၮߠ߈‫ޔ‬2020 ᐕߦ߅ߌࠆ⋭ࠛࡀ㊂ߪ 14 ళࠫࡘ࡯࡞‫ޔ‬ੑ㉄ൻ὇⚛ឃ಴㊂ߪ 0.2MMTCE㧔100 ਁ὇⚛឵▚࠻ࡦ㧕ߣ⷗Ⓧ߽ࠄࠇߡ޿ࠆ119‫ޕ‬㧔3㧕 ⑼ቇዪ㧔Office of Science㧕ߦࠃࠆࡊࡠࠣ࡜ࡓ
⑼ቇዪߩਛዊડᬺࠍኻ⽎ߣߒߚⅣႺ࡮⋭ࠛࡀᡰេᵴേ
⑼ቇዪߪ⋭ࠛࡀ࡮ⅣႺ㑐ㅪߩಽ㊁ߢߪ‫࡯ࠡ࡞ࡀࠛޔ‬ၮ␆⑼ቇ㧔basic energy sciences㧕߅ࠃ߮↢‛࡮ⅣႺ⑼ቇߦ߅ߌࠆၮ⋚⎇ⓥࡊࡠࠣ࡜ࡓࠍㆇ༡ߒߡ޿ࠆ‫⑼ޕ‬ቇዪߪࡇࠕ࡮࡟ࡆࡘ࡯⹏ଔ߿
ㅪ㇌⻁໧ᆔຬળ㧔federal advisory committees㧕ߦࠃࠆࠕ࠼ࡃࠗࠬࠍㅢߓߡ‫⎇ߩߘࠃ߅߅ޔ‬ⓥᛩ⾗ಽ㊁ߩᣇะᕈ㐿⊒‫ޔ‬ఝవ໧㗴ߩ․ቯ‫⑼ߩ⦟ᦨޔ‬ቇಽ㊁ߦ߅ߌࠆࡊࡠࡐ࡯ࠩ࡞ߩᡰេ᳿ቯࠍⴕ߁120‫ޕ‬ਛዊડᬺᛛⴚࠗࡁࡌ࡯࡚ࠪࡦ⎇ⓥࡊࡠࠣ࡜ࡓ㧔SBIR㧕/ਛዊડᬺᛛⴚ⒖ォࡊࡠࠣ࡜ࡓ
(STTR)
SBIR/STTR ࡊࡠࠣ࡜ࡓ121ߦෳടߔࠆ⋭ᐡߪ‫ޔ‬R&D ੍▚⾌ߩ߁ߜ SBIR ߦ 2.5%‫ޔ‬STTR ߦ 0.3%ࠍขࠅ⟎ߊ⟵ോ߇޽ࠆ‫ޕ‬2005 ᐕᐲߩࠛࡀ࡞ࠡ࡯⋭ߢߪ‫ޔ‬ᒰ⹥੍▚ߪ SBIR ߦ 1 ం 2 ⊖ਁ࠼࡞‫ޔ‬
STTR ߦ 1,200 ਁ࠼࡞122ߦ⋧ᒰߒߚ‫ޕ‬ࠛࡀ࡞ࠡ࡯⋭ߩ SBIR/STTR ࡊࡠࠣ࡜ࡓߪ‫ޔ‬Ფᐕ 10 ᦬ೋ߼㗃ߦࡈࠚ࡯࠭ I ߩ᩺ઙ౏൐ࠍ߆ߌ
ࠆ߇‫↥↢࡯ࠡ࡞ࡀࠛޔߪߡߒߣࠢ࠶ࡇ࠻ ޔ‬㧔ൻ⍹Άᢱ‫ޔ‬ේሶജࠛࡀ࡞ࠡ࡯‫ޔ‬ౣ↢น⢻ࠛࡀ࡞ࠡ࡯‫ޔ‬ᩭⲢวࠛࡀ࡞ࠡ࡯㧕‫↪૶࡯ࠡ࡞ࡀࠛޔ‬㧔ᑪ‛ౝ‫⥄ޔ‬േゞ‫↥ޔ‬ᬺ㧕‫ޔ‬ၮ␆ࠛࡀ࡞ࠡ࡯⑼ቇ㧔᧚
ᢱ⑼ቇ‫↢ޔ‬๮⑼ቇ‫ޔ‬ⅣႺ⑼ቇ‫⑼▚⸘ޔ‬ቇ‫ޔ‬ᩭ‛ℂቇ‫ޔ‬㜞ࠛࡀ࡞ࠡ࡯‛ℂቇ㧕‫ޔ‬ⅣႺࡑࡀࠫࡔࡦ
࠻‫ޔ‬ᩭ㕖᜛ᢔ╬ߩ᭽‫ߥޘ‬ಽ㊁ߦ߅ߌࠆᛛⴚ⊛ߥ⎇ⓥ㐿⊒ߢ޽ࠆߎߣߣߐࠇߡ޿ࠆ123‫ޕ‬ฦࡈࠚ࡯࠭Ფߩታᣉౝኈ‫▚੍ޔ‬㗵ߪਅ⸥ߩㅢࠅߢ޽ࠆ㧦ࡈࠚ࡯࠭㧝㧦ታⴕน⢻ᕈ⏕⹺
9 ࡩ᦬㑆‫ޕ‬1 ઙߦߟ߈਄㒢 10 ਁ࠼࡞ࠍឭଏ‫ޕ‬ࡈࠚ࡯࠭ 2㧦R&D
2 ᐕ㑆‫ޕ‬1 ઙߦߟ߈਄㒢 75 ਁ࠼࡞ࠍឭଏ‫ޕ‬ࡈࠚ࡯࠭ 3㧦Ꮢ႐ൻᒰ⹥ࡊࡠࠣ࡜ࡓߦࠃࠆ⾗㊄េഥߪߥߒ‫ޕ‬ߥ߅‫ ࠭࡯ࠚࡈޔ‬3 ߢߪ‫ߪ⋭࡯ࠡ࡞ࡀࠛޔ‬㧔1㧕Ꮢ႐⺞ᩏ߅ࠃ߮ࡆࠫࡀࠬࡊ࡜ࡦ࠾ࡦࠣᡰេ‫ޔ‬㧔2㧕ࡆࠫࡀࠬࡄ࡯࠻࠽࡯߿ᛩ⾗ኅߩ⚫੺‫ޔ‬㧔3㧕ᛩ⾗ኅะߌࡊ࡟࠯ࡦ࠹࡯࡚ࠪࡦ⾗ᢱ૞ᚑࠕ࠼ࡃࠗࠬ‫ޔ‬
㧔4㧕໡ᬺൻࡈࠜ࡯࡜ࡓߦኻ⽎ડᬺࠍෳടߐߖ‫߿࠻ࠬ࡝࠲ࡇࡖࠠ࡯ࡖ࠴ࡦࡌޔ‬ᄢડᬺะߌߩ⊒⴫ߩᯏળߩឭଏߥߤ‫⵾ޔ‬ຠ໡ᬺൻߩ࠴ࡖࡦࠬ᜛ᄢߩߚ߼ߩᄙⷺ⊛ᡰេࠍታᣉߒߡ޿ࠆ124‫ޕ‬ࡊࡠࠣ࡜ࡓ㐿ᆎએ᧪‫ ࠭࡯ࠚࡈߢ߹ࠇߎޔ‬2 ߢഥᚑ㊄ࠍฃߌߚ᩺ઙߩౝ 7 ഀ߇ࡈࠚ࡯࠭ 3 ߦࠃࠆᡰេࠍ⛮⛯ߒߡฃߌߡ޿ࠆ‫ߢࡓ࡜ࠣࡠࡊߚ߹ޕ‬Ꮢ႐ൻߐࠇߚ໡ຠߩ⽼ᄁᄁ਄㗵ߪ 10 ం࠼࡞એ118

I&I ࡊࡠࠣ࡜ࡓߦߟ޿ߡ㧦http://www1.eere.energy.gov/inventions/about.html
2009 ᐕᐲ EERE ੍▚ⷐ⚂ࠃࠅ㧦http://www1.eere.energy.gov/ba/pba/pdfs/FY09_budget_brief.pdf 㧔p. 34㧕
120⑼ቇዪߦߟ޿ߡ㧦 http://www.sc.doe.gov/about/index.htm
121
STTR ߇ SBIR ߣᄢ߈ߊ⇣ߥࠆߩߪ‫ޔ‬STTR ߦഥᚑ㊄ࠍ↳⺧ߔࠆਛዊડᬺߦᄢቇ߆㕖༡೑⎇ⓥᚲߣߩឭ៤ࠍ
⟵ോઃߌߡ޿ࠆὐߢ޽ࠆ‫⎇ޕ‬ⓥᯏ㑐ߣ᳃㑆࠮ࠢ࠲ߩㅪ៤⟵ോઃߌߦࠃࠅ‫ޔ‬ਔ࠮ࠢ࠲ߦ߅ߌࠆ⎇ⓥᚑᨐ߿ᛛⴚߩ
౒᦭ࠍᵴ⊒ൻߐߖࠆὐ߇ STTR ߩਥ⌒ߢ޽ࠆ‫ޕ‬http://www.captureplanning.com/articles/85707.cfm?
122ࠛࡀ࡞ࠡ࡯⋭ SBIR/STTR ߦߟ޿ߡ㧦http://www.science.doe.gov/sbir/NEWWEB/Introduction.htm
123ࠛࡀ࡞ࠡ࡯⋭ SBIR/STTR ߦߟ޿ߡ㧦http://www.science.doe.gov/sbir/NEWWEB/Introduction.htm
124ࠛࡀ࡞ࠡ࡯⋭ SBIR/STTR ߦ㑐ߔࠆ⾗ᢱ㧦http://www.science.doe.gov/sbir/NEWWEB/presentation.ppt 㧔p. 31㧕
11934

਄ߦ਄ࠅ‫ߩ⋭࡯ࠡ࡞ࡀࠛޔ‬ᒰ⹥ࡊࡠࠣ࡜ࡓะߌഥᚑ㊄✚㗵ߩ 3 ୚ࠍ⸥㍳125ߥߤ‫ޔ‬ᄢ߈ߥᚑᨐࠍ
᜼ߍߡ޿ࠆ‫ޕ‬2.4

໡ോ⋭㧔1㧕 ਛዊડᬺะߌⅣႺ࡮ࠛࡀ࡞ࠡ࡯ᡰេࡊࡠࠣ࡜ࡓ᭎ⷰ
໡ോ⋭(Department of Commerce: DOC)ߪ‫⵾ޔ‬ㅧᬺߎߘ߇࿖ኅ⚻ᷣߩᚑ㐳ࠍଦߒ‫ޔ‬㓹↪ࠍჇᄢߐߖ‫࡞ࡃ࡯ࡠࠣޔ‬Ꮢ႐ߦ߅ߌࠆ⾏ᤃജࠍၷᒝߥ߽ߩߦߔࠆߣ⠨߃ߡ޿ࠆ‫ޕ‬੐ታ‫ޔ‬35 ਁߩዊⷙᮨ
⵾ㅧᬺ⠪߇☨࿖✚↢↥㊂ߩඨಽએ਄ࠍ↢ߺ಴ߒ‫ޔ‬਌ߟ‫⵾ޔ‬ㅧᬺ⇇ో૕ߩ⚂ 99%ࠍ᭴ᚑߒߡ޿ࠆ‫ޕ‬ߘߩ㓹↪✚ᢙߪ 1,100 ਁੱࠍ⹶ࠅ‫⵾☨ోޔ‬ㅧᬺᓥ੐⠪ߩ 3 ಽߩ 2 ࠍᚑߒߡ޿ࠆ126‫ޕ‬ߎߩ☨࿖↥ᬺߩၮᐙߢ޽ࠆਛዊડᬺߦߣߞߡ↢↥ᕈ߿┹੎ജߩᒝൻࠍ࿑ࠆ㓙ߩࡏ࠻࡞ࡀ࠶ࠢ
ߣߥߞߡ޿ࠆߩ߇‫ޔ‬ኾ㐷ᕈߩᰳᅤߣᛛⴚജਇ⿷ߦ޽ࠆ‫ޕ‬ᄢⷙᮨ⵾ㅧᬺ⠪߇ㇱຠ߿ࠨ࡯ࡆࠬߩ⺞㆐ߦଏ⛎ᬺ⠪㧔supplier㧕߳ߩଐሽࠍჇᄢߐߖࠆߦߟࠇ‫ޔ‬ਛዊⷙᮨߩ⵾ㅧᬺ⠪ߩታ❣ߣ↢↥⢻ജ߇‫⵾ోޔ‬ㅧᬺ⇇ߩ┹੎ജߣ☨࿖ో૕ߩ⚻ᷣ⁁ᘒߦߣߞߡࠃࠅ㊀ⷐߥⷐ⚛ߣߥߞߡ޿ࠆ‫ޕ‬໡ോ⋭ౝߢਛዊડᬺะߌߩⅣႺ࡮ࠛࡀ࡞ࠡ࡯ᡰេࠍⴕߞߡ޿ࠆㇱ⟑ߪᮡḰᛛⴚዪ㧔National
Institute of Standards and Technology: NIST㧕ߢ޽ࠆ‫ޕ‬NIST ߪ‫⚻ޔ‬ᷣ቟ో଻㓚ߩᒝൻ‫↢߮ࠃ߅ޔ‬ᵴߩ⾰㧔QOL㧕ߩะ਄ߦ⾗ߔࠆߴߊ‫⸘ޔ‬᷹⑼ቇ㧔measurement science㧕‫ޔ‬ᮡḰ㧔standards㧕‫ޔ‬ᛛⴚജࠍ㜞߼ࠆߎߣߦࠃࠅ‫☨ޔ‬࿖ߩᛛⴚࠗࡁࡌ࡯࡚ࠪࡦ߅ࠃ߮↥ᬺߩ┹੎ജߩᒝൻࠍ࿑ࠆ⋡⊛ߩਅ‫ⷙޔ‬೙ᮭ㒢ࠍᜬߚߥ޿ㅪ㇌᡽ᐭᯏ㑐ߣߒߡ 1901 ᐕߦ໡ോ⋭ౝߦ⸳⟎ߐࠇߚ127‫ޕ‬
NIST ߩਛዊડᬺะߌࡊࡠࠣ࡜ࡓߪ‫⵾࠭ࠣࡦ࡝ࡎޔ‬ㅧ᜛ᒛㅪ៤㧔Hollings Manufacturing
Extension Partnership: HMET㧕‫ࠢ࡯ࡢ࠻࠶ࡀ࡯ࡗࠗ࡜ࡊࠨࡦ࡯࡝ࠣޔ‬㧔Green Suppliers Network:
GSN㧕‫࠭ࠗ࡜ࡊ࡯࠲ࡦࠛޔ‬ᡰេࡊࡠࡃࠗ࠳⋭ᐡ㑆ࡀ࠶࠻ࡢ࡯ࠢ㧔Interagency Network of Enterprise
Assistance Providers㧦INEAP㧕߇᜼ߍࠄࠇࠆ‫ޔ߅ߥޕ‬GSN ߦߟ޿ߡߪࠛࡀ࡞ࠡ࡯⋭ߣߩㅪ៤ࡊࡠ
ࠣ࡜ࡓߦߟ߈╙ੑ┨ 2.1.2(1)GSN ࠍෳᾖߐࠇߚ޿‫ޕ‬

㧔2㧕 ࡊࡠࠣ࡜ࡓ
ࡎ࡝ࡦࠣ࠭⵾ㅧ᜛ᒛㅪ៤㧔HMEP㧕
1989 ᐕߦࠨ࠙ࠬ࡮ࠞࡠ࡜ࠗ࠽Ꮊ‫ࠝࠗࡂࠝޔ‬Ꮊ‫ࠢ࡯࡛࡯ࡘ࠾ޔ‬Ꮊߩ 3 Ꮊߢᆎേߒߚࡎ࡝ࡦࠣ࠭
⵾ㅧ᜛ᒛㅪ៤㧔Hollings Manufacturing Extension Partnership: HMEP㧕ࡊࡠࠣ࡜ࡓߪ‫☨߿੹ޔ‬࿖ో50 Ꮊ߅ࠃ߮ࡊࠛ࡞࠻࡝ࠦߦ੐ോᚲࠍ᭴߃ࠆ‫ోޔ‬࿖ࡀ࠶࠻ࡢ࡯ࠢߦ᜛ᄢߒߚ‫ޕ‬HMEP ࠮ࡦ࠲࡯ߪ
NPO128ߣߒߡㅪ㇌᡽ᐭߣᎺ᡽ᐭߩㅪ៤ߩઍ⴫⊛ߥࡕ࠺࡞ߣߒߡ⹺⼂ߐࠇߡ޿ࠆ‫ޕ‬2004 ᐕᐲߦߪ‫ޔ‬7 ం 2,100 ਁ࠼࡞ߩ⚻⾌▵ᷫࠍታ⃻ߒ‫ޔ‬450 ం࠼࡞ߩᄁࠅ਄ߍߩિ߮/⛽ᜬࠍ⷗ߖ‫ޔ‬43,624 ઙߩ㓹↪ᯏળࠍഃ಴/⛽ᜬߒߚ੐߇ಽ߆ߞߡ޿ࠆ‫┙⸳ޕ‬એ᧪‫ ߩ☨ోޔ‬HMEP ࠮ࡦ࠲࡯߇ 31 ਁઙએ਄ߩ
ᡰេࠍቢੌߒߚ߇‫ޔ‬ᛛⴚᡰេ‫ୃ⎇ޔ‬ᵴേ‫ޔ‬㐳ᦼ⊛ᚢ⇛ᡰេ‫⹏ޔ‬ଔߥߤ‫ޔ‬ᄙⷺ⊛ߥᡰេᵴേࠍឭ

125ࠛࡀ࡞ࠡ࡯⋭ SBIR/STTR ⛔⸘⾗ᢱ㧦http://www.science.doe.gov/sbir/awards_abstracts/sbirsttr/statisticsinfo.htm
NIST: http://www.nist.gov/public_affairs/factsheet/mep_overview.htm
127
NIST ߦߟ޿ߡ: http://www.nist.gov/public_affairs/general2.htm
128ో࿖ߩ MEP ࠮ࡦ࠲࡯෸߮ࡈࠖ࡯࡞࠼ࠝࡈࠖࠬߦߪᛛⴚ⠪߿⵾ㅧᬺኾ㐷ኅࠍᠩߒߡ޿ࠆ߇‫ޔ‬ᓐࠄߪㅪ㇌᡽ᐭ
⡯ຬߢߪߥ޿‫ޕ‬HMEP: http://www.nist.gov/public_affairs/factsheet/mep_overview.htm
12635

ଏߒߡ߈ߡ޿ࠆ129‫ޕ‬ⅣႺ▤ℂࠪࠬ࠹ࡓ‫࡯ࠡ࡞ࡀࠛޔ‬ല₸‫ޔ‬ᑄ᫈‛೥ᷫ‫᧚ޔ‬ᢱㆬቯ‫࡞ࠢࠗࠨ࡝ޔ‬╬ߩⅣႺಽ㊁ߦ߅ߌࠆਛዊડᬺታ❣ᡷༀߦะߌߚࠨ࡯ࡆࠬឭଏ߽ⴕߞߡ޿ࠆ130‫ޕ‬ࠛࡦ࠲࡯ࡊ࡜ࠗ࠭ᡰេࡊࡠࡃࠗ࠳⋭ᐡ㑆ࡀ࠶࠻ࡢ࡯ࠢ㧔INEAP㧕ࠛࡦ࠲࡯ࡊ࡜ࠗ࠭ᡰេࡊࡠࡃࠗ࠳⋭ᐡ㑆ࡀ࠶࠻ࡢ࡯ࠢ㧔Interagency Network of Enterprise
Assistance Providers㧦INEAP㧕ߪ 2006 ᐕ 1 ᦬ߦᆎേߒ‫ޔ‬13 ⋭ᐡߦዻߔࠆ 100 ฬߩળຬ131߆ࠄ᭴ᚑߐࠇ‫ޔ‬ᜬ⛯น⢻ߥ⚻༡ߩಽ㊁ࠍ฽߻᭽‫ߥޘ‬ಽ㊁ߢ‫ޔ‬ਛዊડᬺะߌߩᡰេࠍឭଏߒߡ޿ࠆ‫ޕ‬ળ
ຬߪ 45 ߩ੐ᬺ࡮ᛛⴚᡰេࡊࡠࠣ࡜ࡓߩ㑐ଥ⠪ߢ޽ࠅ‫ޔ‬ౝ⸶ߣߒߡ‫ޔ‬SBA‫ޔ‬ャ಴౉㌁ⴕ‫ޔ‬໡ോ⋭‫ޔ‬ഭ௛⋭‫ޔ⋭࡯ࠡ࡞ࡀࠛޔ‬EPA‫☨ޔ‬࿖ᅚᕈ໡Ꮏળ⼏ᚲ‫☨ޔ‬࿖ࠦࡒࡘ࠾࠹ࠖࠞ࡟࠶ࠫදળ‫ઁߩߘޔ‬NPO 㑐ଥ⠪߽฽߹ࠇࠆ‫ޕ‬౏ᑼࠬࡐࡦࠨ࡯‫ޔ‬ᙗ┨‫⟵ޔ‬ോ╬ߪ৻ಾߥߊ‫଀᦬ޔ‬ળࠍ㐿௅ߒ‫ޔ‬Ფ࿁ 15-40 ฬߩࡔࡦࡃ࡯߇ෳ
ടߒߡ‫ޔ‬ਛዊડᬺᡰេࡊࡠࠣ࡜ࡓౝኈߦ㑐ߔࠆᖱႎࠍ౒᦭ߔࠆᯏળࠍᜬߟ132‫ޔߪߡߒߣࡑ࡯࠹ޕ‬ࡆࠫࡀࠬߩෂᯏ▤ℂߩઁߦ‫ޔ‬ⅣႺ㑐ଥߢߪࠦࡦࡇࡘ࡯࠲࡯࡝ࠨࠗࠢ࡞ࡊࡠࠣ࡜ࡓ߿⋭ࠛࡀ໧㗴╬ߦ෸ࠎߢ޿ࠆ133‫ޕ‬
2007 ᐕ 9 ᦬ 26 ᣣ‫ޔ‬INEAP ߪࠛࡀ࡞ࠡ࡯⋭ߦߡ᦬଀ળࠍ㐿௅ߒ‫࡯ࠡ࡞ࡀࠛߦ․ޔ‬໧㗴ߦߟ޿ߡᵴ⊒ߥᖱႎ੤឵ࠍⴕߞߚ‫ߩᤨߩߎޕ‬ෳട⠪ߪഭ௛⋭‫ޔ⋭࡯ࠡ࡞ࡀࠛޔ‬໡ോ⋭‫ޔ‬EPA‫☨ޔ‬࿖ࠦࡒࡘ࠾࠹ࠖࠞ࡟࠶ࠫදળᚲዻ⠪ߢ޽ࠅ‫ޔ‬એᓟ 10 ᐕ㑆ߩ⋭ࠛࡀ⋡ᮡࠍ 25%ߦ⸳ቯߔࠆߚ߼ߩቭ᳃
ㅪ៤߇ឭ᩺ߐࠇ‫ޔߚ߹ޔ‬ᄢቇ᭴ౝߦ߅ߌࠆ⋭ࠛࡀኻ╷ࠍ⻠ߕࠆᄢቇቇ㐳ߦࠃࠆࠦࡦ࠰࡯ࠪࠕࡓ
᭴ᗐ߇ᛂߜ಴ߐࠇࠆ╬ߒߡ޿ߚ134‫ޕ‬ߥ߅‫ޔ‬INEAP ߩਥⷐᵴേ⋡ᮡߪᰴߩ 3 ὐߢ޽ࠆ㧦
1.
2.
3.

INEAP ࡊࡠࠣ࡜ࡓࠍㆇ༡ߔࠆੱ‫ߩޘ‬㑆ߩ⦟ᅢߥ㑐ଥࠍ↢ߺ಴ߒ‫⛽ߡߒߘޔ‬ᜬߔࠆߎߣ‫ޕ‬
INEAP ߩࡔࡦࡃ࡯㑆ߢࡊࡠࠣ࡜ࡓߦߟ޿ߡߩᖱႎ౒᦭ࠍᅑബߒ‫ߦࡓ࡜ࠣࡠࡊޔ‬㑐ߔࠆ⍮⼂ࠍᷓ߼ࠆߎߣ‫ޕ‬㧞ߦࠃߞߡᓧߚ⍮⼂ࠍరߦදജߒว޿ߥ߇ࠄਛዊડᬺะߌߩࠨ࡯ࡆࠬะ਄ߦദ߼ࠆߎߣ‫ޕ‬

2.5ߘߩઁ⋭ᐡ߅ࠃ߮ਛዊડᬺ㑐ㅪ࿅૕ߦࠃࠆขࠅ⚵ߺߎࠇ߹ߢ⚫੺ߒߡ߈ߚ⋭ᐡ߅ࠃ߮ో࿖࿅૕ߦ㒢ࠄߕ‫ઁߩߘޔ‬ฦ⒳ᯏ㑐߅ࠃ߮࿅૕ߦ߅޿ߡ߽
ਛዊડᬺࠍኻ⽎ߣߒߚⅣႺ࡮ࠛࡀ࡞ࠡ࡯㑐ㅪ੐ᬺᡰេࡊࡠࠣ࡜ࡓ߇⸳ߌߡ޽ࠅ‫ࠣࡦࠗࡆࡠޔ‬ᵴേ‫ޔ‬ข⚵ߺߦኻߔࠆ⾨ߩ᝼ਈ135╬ౝኈ߽᭽‫ޕࠆ޽ߢޘ‬129

HMEP: http://www.nist.gov/public_affairs/factsheet/mep_overview.htm
ห਄‫ޕ‬
131
໡ോ⋭࿖㓙⾏ᤃዪ㧔International Trade Administration㧕ߩ࠙ࠚࡉࠨࠗ࠻ࠃࠅ㧦
http://www.trade.gov/press/publications/newsletters/ita_0308/shorttakes_0308.asp#continues
132
INEAP ߦߟ޿ߡ㧦http://www.nt.ntnu.no/users/skoge/prost/proceedings/aiche-2008/data/papers/P139562.pdf 㧔p. 1㧕
133ห਄㧔p. 2㧕134ห਄135
໡ോ⋭࿖㓙⾏ᤃዪ㧔International Trade Administration㧕࠙ࠚࡉࠨࠗ࠻ࠃࠅ‫ޕ‬ᜬ⛯น⢻ߥࡆࠫࡀࠬᡰេߩߚ߼ߩ
☨࿖᡽ᐭߦࠃࠆࡊࡠࠣ࡜ࡓ෸߮࡝࠰࡯ࠬ㧔U.S. Government Programs and Resources in Support of Sustainable
Business㧕㧦http://www.ita.doc.gov/competitiveness/sustainablemanufacturing/USG_PRS_Sustainable_Business.asp
13036㧔1㧕 ో☨ਛዊડᬺදળ㧔NSBA㧕ో☨ਛዊડᬺදળ㧔National Small Business Association: NSBA㧕136ߪ‫ޔ‬1937 ᐕߦ⸳┙ߐࠇߚో☨ߢᦨ߽ᱧผߩ޽ࠆਛዊડᬺ࿅૕ߢ‫ޔ‬ળຬડᬺᢙߪ 15 ਁ␠ߦ਄ࠆ‫ߩߘޕ‬ᵴേߪㅪ㇌࡮Ꮊߩ࡟ࡌ
࡞ࠍ໧ࠊߕਛዊડᬺߦ᦭೑ߥ᡽╷ߩᢛ஻ࠍផㅴߒ‫↱⥄ޔ‬ડᬺߩᚑ㐳ࠍଦㅴߔࠆߎߣߢ޽ࠆ‫☨ޕ‬࿖ౝߦ߅ߌࠆࠛࡀ࡞ࠡ࡯ᶖ⾌㊂ߩඨಽ⒟ߪਛዊડᬺᵴേߦࠃࠆ߽ߩߢ޽ࠆߣߐࠇࠆ߇‫ޔ‬NSBA
ߪߘߩഀߦࠛࡀ࡞ࠡ࡯߿ⅣႺ㑐ㅪ᡽╷ߩ⼏⺰ߩ႐ߢਛዊડᬺ߇ขࠅ਄ߍࠄࠇࠆߎߣ߇ዋߥߊ‫ޔ‬߹ߚߘ߁޿ߞߚ⼏⺰ߦෳടߔࠆਛዊડᬺ㑐ଥ⠪߇ዋߥ޿੐ታࠍ ᔨߒ137‫ޔ‬ਛዊડᬺߩჿࠍ෻ᤋ
ߐߖࠆߴߊࠕ࠼ࡏࠞࠪ࡯ᵴേࠍⴕߞߡ޿ࠆ‫ޕ‬
NSBA ߪౕ૕⊛ߦਛዊડᬺࠍኻ⽎ߣߒߚࠛࡀ࡞ࠡ࡯㑐ㅪᴺߩᢛ஻ࠍឭ໒ߒߡ߅ࠅ‫ޔ‬EISA ߿2005 ᐕࠛࡀ࡞ࠡ࡯᡽╷ᴺ(Energy Policy Act of 2005)╬‫ޔ‬ਛዊડᬺ㑐ㅪ᧦㗄ࠍ⋥ធ⋓ࠅㄟࠎߛᴺ
ᓞߩᚑ┙ߦ⽸₂ߔࠆߥߤ‫ޔ‬ᵴേᚑᨐࠍ਄ߍߚ‫ޕ‬ߥ߅‫ޔ‬NSBA 㑐ଥ⠪ߩ⺣⹤ߢߪ‫੹ޔ‬ᓟߩ⺖㗴ߪᣢ಴ߩࠛ࠽ࠫ࡯ࠬ࠲࡯╬‫ޔ‬ᄢડᬺࠍᒰೋᔨ㗡ߦ⟎޿ߡᆎേߒߚ⋭ࠛࡀࡊࡠࠣ࡜ࡓࠍ‫੹ޔ‬ᓟ޿߆ߦਛዊડᬺߦᶐㅘߐߖࠆ߆‫ࠫ࠽ࠛޔࠅ޽ߢޔ‬࡯ࠬ࠲࡯ߩਛዊડᬺะߌ੍▚㗵Ⴧᄢߩᔅⷐᕈߦߟ޿ߡ߽ᒝ⺞ߐࠇߡ޿ࠆ138‫ޕ‬㧔2㧕 ో☨⁛┙ડᬺㅪ⋖㧔NFIB㧕
1943 ᐕߦ⸳┙ߐࠇߚో☨⁛┙ડᬺㅪ⋖㧔National Federation of Independent Business㧦NFIB㧕139ߪ‫ޔ‬ㅪ㇌࡮Ꮊ⼏ળߦኻߒߡᒝ޿ᓇ㗀ജࠍᜬߟో☨ᦨᄢߩਛዊડᬺᡰេ࿅૕ߢ޽ࠅ‫☨ޔ‬࿖ࠍઍ⴫ߔࠆࡆࠫࡀࠬ⹹‫࡯ࡆࡠߩࠬ࡜ࠢࡊ࠶࠻☨ో߽ߦࡦࡘ࠴࡯ࠜࡈޔ‬࿅૕ߣ⹏ଔߐࠇߡ޿ࠆ140‫ޕ‬หㅪ⋖ߪ⃻࿷‫ ☨ోޔ‬50 ᎺߩᎺㇺ෸߮ࡢࠪࡦ࠻ࡦ DC ߦ੐ോᚲࠍ᭴߃‫ޔ‬ળຬᢙ߽ 60 ਁฬߦ㆐ߒߡ޿
ࠆ‫ޕ‬ળຬડᬺߩ᭴ᚑߪ‫ࠬࡆ࡯ࠨޔ‬ᬺ㧔30.5%㧕‫ޔ‬ዊᄁᬺ㧔22.6%㧕‫ޔ‬ᑪ⸳ᬺ㧔15.9%㧕‫⵾ޔ‬ㅧᬺ
㧔11.3㧑㧕ߢ޽ࠅ‫ޔ‬㋶ᬺ‫ޔ‬ㄘᬺ‫ޔ‬ㆇャ࡮ㅢାᬺߣ⛯ߊ‫ޔߚ߹ޕ‬ળຬડᬺߩ 55㧑߇ᓥᬺຬ 5 ੱએਅ‫ޔ‬72%߇ᓥᬺຬ 10 ੱએਅߩዊⷙᮨડᬺߢ޽ࠆὐ߽․╩ߢ߈ࠆ‫ޕ‬⸳┙ᒰೋߪ୘ੱ੐ᬺਥࠍኻ⽎ߣߒߚᡰេ࿅૕ߢ޽ߞߚో☨⁛┙ડᬺㅪ⋖ߢ޽ࠆ߇‫ޔ‬ㄭᐕߘߩᵴേ▸࿐ࠍ᜛ᒛߒߡ߅ࠅ‫ޔ‬ਛዊડᬺᣉ╷ߦᾲᔃߥㅪ㇌࡮Ꮊ⼏ળߩ⼏ຬ୥⵬ߩᡰេߥߤ߽ⴕߞߡ
޿ࠆ‫ޕ‬਄᣹ߒ⛯ߌࠆࠛࡀ࡞ࠡ࡯ࠦࠬ࠻໧㗴߇ਛዊડᬺߦ෸߷ߔᓇ㗀ࠍᘷᘦߔࠆ NFIB ߪ‫ߩߘޔ‬ᵴേߦ㑐ߔࠆో࿖ⴕേ⸘↹ߦࠛࡀ࡞ࠡ࡯໧㗴ࠍᝪ߃‫ޔ‬᭽‫ࠣࡦࠗࡆࡠߥޘ‬ᵴേࠍ⼏ળߦߡⴕߞߡ
޿ࠆ141‫ޕ‬㧔3㧕 ࿖ോ⋭1999 ᐕߦ࿖ോ⋭㧔Department of State㧕ߦࠃࠅ⸳⟎ߐࠇߚ࿖ോ㐳ቭࠦ࡯ࡐ࡟࡯࠻ࠛࠢ࠮࡟ࡦࠬ
⾨㧔Secretary of State's Award for Corporate Excellence: ACE㧕ߪ‫ޔ‬ᶏᄖߢߩ⦟߈ડᬺᏒ᳃ߣߒߡߩ
ᵴേࠍ⼝߃ߡ᝼ਈߐࠇࠆ߽ߩߢ‫ޔ‬ⅣႺ଻⼔ࠍ⠨߃ߚᵴേ߿⽿છ޽ࠆ⚻༡ࠍⴕ߁ડᬺߦኻߒߡ߽
᝼ਈߐࠇࠆ‫ޕ‬ㆊ෰ߩฃ⾨⠪ߦਛዊડᬺ߽฽߹ࠇߡ޿ࠆ142‫ޕ‬

136

NSBA㧦http://www.nsba.biz/2009 ᐕ 3 ᦬ߦࡢࠪࡦ࠻ࡦࠦࠕ߇ⴕߞߚ NSBA ߳ߩ⋥ធ⡞߈ขࠅ⺞ᩏࠃࠅ‫ޕ‬NSBA ஥㧦Mr. Kyle Kempf, SeniorDirector of Government Affairs
138
ห਄
139
NFIB㧦http://www.nfib.com/page/home
140
NFIB㧦http://www.nfib.com/page/pg_20040527638762.html
141
NFIB ߦࠃࠆ㑐ㅪᵴേᖱႎ: http://www.nfib.com/object/IO_37245.html
http://www.nfib.com/page/energy142࿖ോ㐳ቭࠦ࡯ࡐ࡟࡯࠻ࠛࠢ࠮࡟ࡦࠬ⾨: http://www.state.gov/e/eeb/ace
13737╙3┨ Ꮊ᡽ᐭ߹ߚߪ࿾ᣇ⥄ᴦ૕ߦࠃࠆࡊࡠࠣ࡜ࡓ
3.1

᭎ⷰㅪ㇌᡽ᐭߣห᭽ߦ‫ޔ‬Ꮊ᡽ᐭߪ‫ޔ‬ਛዊડᬺߩࠛࡀ࡞ࠡ࡯ല₸ൻߦะߌߡ‫ޔ‬ᣉ⸳ߩࠕ࠶ࡊࠣ࡟࡯
࠼߿ᛛⴚ㐿⊒ߩߚ߼ߦ‫ޔ‬ૐ㊄೑ࡠ࡯ࡦ߿⒢ប㒰ߥߤߩ㊄㌛⊛ᡰេࠍⴕߞߡ޿ࠆ‫ޔߚ߹ޕ‬ήᢱ߽ߒߊߪૐࠦࠬ࠻ߩᛛⴚᡰេࠍឭଏߒ‫ޔ‬ਛዊડᬺߩࠛࡀ࡞ࠡ࡯૶↪⁁ᴫߩᩏቯ߿⋭ࠛࡀᛛⴚߩዉ
౉ߦ⽸₂ߒߡ޿ࠆ‫ߦࡀࠛ⋭ޔઁߩߘޕ‬㑐ㅪߔࠆᖱႎ߿ࠦࡦࠨ࡞࠹ࠖࡦࠣࠍડᬺߦឭଏߒߡ޿ࠆ143‫ޕ‬Ꮊ᡽ᐭߦࠃࠆᡰេߦߪ‫ࠍࡦ࡯ࡠޔ‬ਛᔃߣߔࠆ㊄㌛㕙ߢߩᡰេ߇ᄙ޿߇‫ޔ‬Ꮊ᡽ᐭߦࠃࠆਛዊડ
ᬺߦኻߔࠆᡰេ╷ߩ੐଀ࠍ਄⸥ߩࠃ߁ߦ㊄㌛⊛ᡰេ‫ޔ‬ᛛⴚᡰេ‫ޔ‬ᖱႎ࡮ࠦࡦࠨ࡞࠹ࠖࡦࠣᡰេ
߅ࠃߘ 3 ࠲ࠗࡊߦಽߌ‫ޔ‬ᰴࡍ࡯ࠫએ㒠ߦ߹ߣ߼ࠆ‫ޕ‬

3.2Ꮊ᡽ᐭߦࠃࠆࡊࡠࠣ࡜ࡓ

㧔1㧕 ㊄㌛⊛ᡰេࡊࡠࠣ࡜ࡓ㧦
⧷⺆ฬ㧦
Ꮊฬ㧦
᭎ⷐ㧦

ਛዊડᬺࠛࡀ࡞ࠡ࡯ല₸ࡠ࡯ࡦࡊࡠࠣ࡜ࡓ
Small Business Energy Efficiency Loan ProgramࡔࠗࡦࡔࠗࡦᎺ౏⋉੐ᬺᆔຬળ㧔Maine Public Utilities Commission㧕߇ࠛࡀ࡞ࠡ࡯ߩ
ല₸ൻߣߘࠇߦ઻߁ડᬺߩࠦࠬ࠻⽶ᜂૐᷫ╬ࠍ⋡⊛ߣߒߡ⸳ߌߚࡊࡠࠣ࡜ࡓ
‫ޟ‬Efficiency Maine‫৻ߩޠ‬Ⅳߣߒߡ‫ࡦࠗࡔޔ‬Ꮊ⽷᡽ᒰዪ㧔Finance Authority ofMaine㧕ߩදജߩਅߢㆇ༡ߒߡ޿ࠆਛዊડᬺะߌૐ㊄೑⾉ઃ೙ᐲ‫ᦨޕ‬㜞㧟ਁ
5,000 ࠼࡞ߩࡠ࡯ࡦࠍ 3㧑ߩ㊄೑ߢ୫ࠅ౉ࠇࠆߎߣ߇ߢ߈ࠆ144‫ޕ‬ࡊࡠࠣ࡜ࡓ㧦
⧷⺆ฬ㧦
Ꮊฬ㧦
᭎ⷐ㧦

ਛዊડᬺߩߚ߼ߩⅣႺࡠ࡯ࡦ
Environmental Loans for Small Businessࠕ࡯ࠞࡦ࠰࡯
㓹↪⠪ᢙ 100 ฬએਅߩਛዊડᬺߦኻߒߡૐ㊄೑ࡠ࡯ࡦࠍឭଏߒ‫ޔ‬Ꮊᴺ߿ㅪ㇌
ᴺߦࠃࠅቯ߼ࠄࠇߚᳪᨴ▤ℂၮḰࠍㆩ቞ߒ‫ޔ‬ᑄ᫈‛ߩ೥ᷫࠍㅴ߼ࠆળ␠⚻༡ࠍଦㅴߔࠆߎߣࠍ⋡⊛ߣߒߡ޿ࠆ‫ޕ‬ਛዊડᬺߪᳪᨴ▤ℂ‫ޔ‬ᳪᨴ੍㒐‫ޔ‬ᑄ᫈‛೥ᷫߥߤߩࡊࡠࠣ࡜ࡓߦኻߒ‫ޔ‬ᦨ㜞 4 ਁ 5,000 ࠼࡞ߩࡠ࡯ࡦࠍᮡḰ㊄೑ߩ 80㧑ߢ‫ᦨޔ‬㐳ߢ 10 ᐕ㑆୫ࠅ౉ࠇࠆߎߣ߇ߢ߈ࠆ145‫ޕ‬ࡊࡠࠣ࡜ࡓ㧦
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ᄥ㓁ࠛࡀ࡞ࠡ࡯⒢ប㒰Solar Tax Credit࠾ࡘ࡯ࡔࠠࠪࠦ
ㅪ㇌᡽ᐭߩᄥ㓁ࠛࡀ࡞ࠡ࡯⒢ប㒰(Federal Solar Tax Credit)ߣㅪ៤ߔࠆᒻߢ‫ޔ‬୘ੱ෸߮ਛዊડᬺ߇ᄥ㓁ࠛࡀ࡞ࠡ࡯ࠍዉ౉ߒߚ႐ว‫৻ޔ‬ㇱᎺ⒢ࠍប㒰ߔࠆ146‫ޕ‬

143

Business.gov㧔໡ോ⋭ߦࠃࠆਛዊડᬺࠍኻ⽎ߣߒߚ⋭ࠛࡀኻ╷ࡠ࡯ࡦߩ✚วᖱႎࠨࠗ࠻㧕ࠃࠅ㧦
http://www.business.gov/expand/green-business/energy-efficiency/state-local/
144
Efficiency Maine ߦࠃࠆਛዊડᬺะߌૐ㊄೑⾉ߒઃߌࡊࡠࠣ࡜ࡓ㧔“Small Business Low Interest Loan Program㧕㧦
http://www.efficiencymaine.com/business_programs_sblilp.htm
145ࠕ࡯ࠞࡦ࠰࡯ⅣႺቶዪ㧔Arkansas Department of Environmental Quality㧕ߦࠃࠆ ਛዊડᬺߩߚ߼ߩⅣႺࡠ࡯ࡦ㧔Environmental Loans for Small Business.㧕㧦 http://www.adeq.state.ar.us/poa/envloans.htm
146ᄥ㓁ࠛࡀ࡞ࠡ࡯⒢ប㒰㧦http://www.nmprc.state.nm.us/energy/solar.htm 㧔ࠠࡖ࠶ࠪࡘ㧦
http://74.125.47.132/search?q=cache:E1RPQbjs5WQJ:www.nmprc.state.nm.us/energy/solar.htm+Energy+Efficiency+and38ᄥ㓁శ⊒㔚ࠪࠬ࠹ࡓࠍ୘ੱ߿ડᬺ߇ዉ౉ߒߚ㓙‫ޔ‬ㅪ㇌⒢߇⾼౉⾌↪ߩ 30%㧔਄㒢 2,000 ࠼࡞㧕ប㒰ߐࠇ‫ޔߦᦝޔ‬Ꮊ⒢߇਄㒢 9,000 ࠼࡞߹ߢប㒰ߐࠇࠆ‫ޕ‬ࡊࡠࠣ࡜ࡓ㧦
⧷⺆ฬ㧦
Ꮊฬ㧦
᭎ⷐ㧦

㔖⚦ડᬺะߌࡠ࡯ࡦࡊࡠࠣ࡜ࡓ
Microbusiness Loan Programࡕࡦ࠲࠽ࡕࡦ࠲࠽Ꮊ໡ോዪ㧔Montana Department of Commerce㧕ߦࠃࠆࡠ࡯ࡦࡊࡠࠣ࡜
ࡓߢ‫ޔ‬ౣ↢น⢻ࠛࡀ࡞ࠡ࡯⊒㔚ࠍⴕ߁ਛዊડᬺะߌߦᦨᄢ 10 ਁ࠼࡞ߩⲢ⾗ࠍⴕߞߡ޿ࠆ‫᧦⾗Ⲣޕ‬ઙߣߒߡ‫࠽࠲ࡦࡕޔ‬Ꮊߦ੐ᬺᚲࠍᜬߟߎߣ‫ࡓࠗ࠲࡞ࡈޔ‬ߩᓥᬺຬᢙ߇ 10 ฬᧂḩߢ޽ࠆߎߣ‫ޔ‬ᐕ㑆✚෼౉㧔gross annual revenue㧕߇ 100ਁ࠼࡞એਅߢ޽ࠆߎߣ߇ቯ߼ࠄࠇߡ޿ࠆ147‫ޕ‬ࡊࡠࠣ࡜ࡓ㧦
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Ꮊฬ㧦
᭎ⷐ㧦

ዊⷙᮨࠛࡀ࡞ࠡ࡯ࡠ࡯ࡦࡊࡠࠣ࡜ࡓ
Small-Scale Energy Loan Program: SELPࠝ࡟ࠧࡦSELP ߪࠝ࡟ࠧࡦᎺࠛࡀ࡞ࠡ࡯ዪ㧔the Oregon Department of Energy㧕ߦࠃߞߡ
1981 ᐕ߆ࠄㆇ༡ߐࠇߡ޿ࠆ‫ޕ‬ኻ⽎ࡊࡠࠣ࡜ࡓߪ‫(ޔ‬1)⋭ࠛࡀࡊࡠࠣ࡜ࡓ‫(ޔ‬2)᳓‫ޔ‬㘑‫ޔ‬࿾ᾲ‫ޔ‬ᄥ㓁ᾲ‫ࠬࡑࠝࠗࡃޔ‬Άᢱ‫ޔ‬ᑄ᫈‛߹ߚߪᑄᾲ╬ߩౣ↢น⢻⾗Ḯ߆ࠄࠛࡀ࡞ࠡ࡯ࠍ↢↥ߔࠆࡊࡠࠣ࡜ࡓ‫(ޔ‬3)ౣ೑↪⵾ຠࠍ⵾ㅧߔࠆࡊࡠࠣ࡜
ࡓ‫(ޔ‬4)ઍᦧΆᢱࠍ૶↪ߔࠆࡊࡠࠣ࡜ࡓ‫(ޔ‬5)ᑪ⸳ਛ߹ߚߪߘߩઁᣉ⸳ߩᠲᬺਛ
ߩࠛࡀ࡞ࠡ࡯ᶖ⾌㊂ߩ೥ᷫࠍታ⃻ߒߚࡊࡠࠣ࡜ࡓ‫⾗Ⲣޕࠆ޿ߡߞߥߣޔ‬ኻ⽎ߣߥࠆߩߪ‫ޔ‬୘ੱ߆ࠄડᬺ‫ޔ‬ቇᩞ‫ޔ‬࿾ᣇ⥄ᴦ૕‫ޔ‬ㅪ㇌᡽ᐭᯏ㑐ߥߤᄙጘߦᷰ
ࠆ‫ᦨޕ‬ᄢⲢ⾗㗵ࠍ⸳ቯߒߡ޿ߥ޿߽ߩߩ‫⾗Ⲣߥ⊛⥸৻ޔ‬㗵ߪ 2 ਁ㨪2 ජਁ࠼࡞ߣ᏷߇޽ࠆ‫ޕ‬ᒰ⹥ࡊࡠࠣ࡜ࡓኻ⽎ડᬺߪ‫ޔ‬ડᬺࠛࡀ࡞ࠡ࡯⒢ប㒰ኻ⽎ߣߥࠆࠤ࡯ࠬ߇ᄙ޿‫ޕ‬2007 ᐕ 12 ᦬એ᧪‫ ⸘ޔ‬4 ం 2 ජਁ࠼࡞ࠍ⿥߃ࠆ 765 ઙߦⲢ⾗ߐࠇߡ޿ࠆ148‫ޕ‬ࡊࡠࠣ࡜ࡓ㧦
⧷⺆ฬ㧦
Ꮊฬ㧦
᭎ⷐ㧦

ౣ↢น⢻ࠛࡀ࡞ࠡ࡯߅ࠃ߮ࠛࡀ࡞ࠡ࡯ല₸ൻࡆࠫࡀࠬࡠ࡯ࡦ
Renewable Energy and Energy Efficiency Business Loan࠾ࡘ࡯ࡂࡦࡊࠪࡖ࡯
࠾ࡘ࡯ࡂࡦࡊࠪࡖ࡯Ꮊ⾗Ḯ⚻ᷣ㐿⊒ዪ㧔Department of Resources and Economic
Development㧕ߩ஺ਅߦ޽ࠆ࠾ࡘ࡯ࡂࡦࡊࠪࡖ࡯Ꮊࡆࠫࡀࠬ࡝࠰࡯ࠬ࠮ࡦ࠲࡯
㧔New Hampshire Business Resource Center㧕߇‫ޔ‬᳃㑆ߩࠝ࡯ࠪࡖࡦ࡮࠽࡚ࠪ࠽
࡞㌁ⴕ㧔Ocean National㧕ߣឭ៤ߒߡㆇ༡ߔࠆ‫ࡀࠛ⋭ޔ‬ൻ⋡ᮡߣߒߚ⸳஻ᛩ⾗߹ߚߪⵝ⟎ߩ⾼౉ะߌߦ⸳ቯߐࠇߚૐ㊄೑ࡠ࡯ࡦࡊࡠࠣ࡜ࡓߢ޽ࠆ‫⾗Ⲣޕ‬㗵ߪ㧝ਁ࠼࡞એ਄ߢ‫ᦨޔ‬㐳 7 ᐕ㑆ߩ㄰ᷣᦼ㑆ࠍ⹺߼ߡ޿ࠆ‫ࡀࠛ⋭ߪࡦ࡯ࡠޕ‬ᾖ+Renewable+Energy+in+New+Mexico.+%E2%80%9CSolar+Tax+Incentives/Incentive+Programs.%E2%80%9D&cd=1&hl=ja&ct=clnk&gl=jp&client=firefox-a㧕
147ࡕࡦ࠲࠽Ꮊ໡ോ⋭ߦࠃࠆౣ↢น⢻ࠛࡀ࡞ࠡ࡯ࠗࡦ࠮ࡦ࠹ࠖࡉ㧦
http://www.deq.state.mt.us/energy/renewable/taxincentrenew.asp#17-6-401ࠝ࡟ࠧࡦᎺࠛࡀ࡞ࠡ࡯ዪߦࠃࠆࠛࡀ࡞ࠡ࡯ࡠ࡯ࡦࡊࡠࠣ࡜ࡓ㧦
http://egov.oregon.gov/ENERGY/LOANS/selphm.shtml
ߥ߅‫ޔ‬DSIRE㧔Database of State Incentives for Renewables & Efficiency㧕਄ߩᒰ⹥ࡠ࡯ࡦ᧦ઙߦ㑐ߔࠆࡍ࡯ࠫߪߎ
ߜࠄ㧦
http://www.dsireusa.org/library/includes/incentive2.cfm?Incentive_Code=OR04F&state=OR&CurrentPageID=1&RE=0&EE=1
㧖DSIRE ߪ 1995 ᐕߦࡁ࡯ࠬࠞࡠ࡜ࠗ࠽Ꮊ┙ᄢቇౝ⎇ⓥᯏ㑐ߢ޽ࠆࡁ࡯ࠬࠞࡠ࡜ࠗ࠽࠰࡯࡜࡯࠮ࡦ࠲࡯㧔North
Carolina Solar Center㧕ߣ☨࿖ࠛࡀ࡞ࠡ࡯⋭㑐ㅪᯏ㑐㧔NPO㧕ࠗࡦ࠲࡯ࠬ࠹ࠗ࠻ౣ↢น⢻ࠛࡀ࡞ࠡ࡯ࠞ࠙ࡦࠪ࡞
㧔Interstate Renewable Energy Council: IREC㧕߇ㅪ៤ߒ‫⾗ߩ⋭࡯ࠡ࡞ࡀࠛޔ‬㊄᜚಴ߦࠃߞߡ⸳┙ߐࠇߚౣ↢น⢻ࠛࡀ࡞ࠡ࡯෸߮⋭ࠛࡀᛛⴚߩ⚻ᷣ⊛ᡰេភ⟎࠺࡯࠲ࡌ࡯ࠬߢ޽ࠆ‫ޕ‬39᣿ⵝ⟎㧔Energy Efficient Lighting Systems㧕‫ޔ‬นᄌ㔚࿶นᄌ๟ᵄᢙ೙ᓮ࠼࡜ࠗ
ࡉ㧔Variable Frequency Drives㧕‫ޔ‬ౣ↢น⢻ࠛࡀ࡞ࠡ࡯ࠪࠬ࠹ࡓ╬ߩ⾼౉ߦల
ߡࠄࠇࠆ149‫ޕ‬ࡊࡠࠣ࡜ࡓ㧦
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᭎ⷐ㧦

ਛዊડᬺࠛࡀ࡞ࠡ࡯ࡠ࡯ࡦࡊࡠࠣ࡜ࡓ
Small Business Energy Loan Program࠹ࡀࠪ࡯࠹ ࡀ ࠪ ࡯ Ꮊ ⚻ ᷣ ࠦ ࡒ ࡘ ࠾ ࠹ ࠖ ࡯ 㐿 ⊒ ዪ ࠛ ࡀ ࡞ ࠡ ࡯ ⺖ 㧔 Energy Division,
Tennessee Department of Economic & Community Development㧕߇ㆇ༡ߔࠆⲢ⾗ࡊࡠࠣ࡜ࡓߢ‫ࡀࠛ⋭ޔ‬੐ᬺะߌߦᦨ㐳 7 ᐕ㑆ߩ㄰ᷣᦼ㑆ߢᦨᄢ 30 ਁ࠼࡞ࠍૐ
೑ሶߢⲢ⾗ߒߡ޿ࠆ‫ޕ‬ᓥᬺຬᢙ 300 ੱᧂḩ‫ޔߪߊߒ߽ޔ‬ᐕ㑆✚ᄁ਄㧔߹ߚߪ✚ฃ㗔㗵 annual gross receipts㧕350 ਁ࠼࡞એਅߩડᬺะߌߩࡠ࡯ࡦߢ޽ࠆ‫ޕ‬ᢿᾲ᧚‫ޔ‬ੑ㊀⓹‫ࡀࠛ⋭ޔ‬ᥦᚱ‫ޔ‬ห಄ᚱ‫ޔ‬ห឵᳇⸳஻‫ࡀࠛ⋭ޔ‬ᾖ᣿ⵝ⟎ߩዉ౉⾌↪ߦ૶↪ߐࠇࠆ‫ࡀࠛ⋭ߩઁߩߘޕ‬ലᨐߩ޽ࠆኻ╷ࠍߣࠆߚ߼ߩ⾌↪ߦ߽૶↪߇⸵นߐࠇࠆ‫ޕ‬Ꮧᦸߔࠆડᬺߦߪ‫ޔ‬ήᢱߢࠛࡀ࡞ࠡ࡯ല₸ᩏቯࠍታᣉߒ‫ޔ‬⋭ ࠛࡀኻ╷ ߩ࠰࡝ ࡘ࡯࡚ࠪ ࡦࠍឭ ଏߔ ࠆ‫ޕ‬3 ߟᤊ ᜰቯ ࿾඙㧔 Three-Star
Communities㧕150ߦᚲ࿷ߔࠆડᬺߦߪή೑ሶ‫ઁߩߘޔ‬ડᬺߦߪ೑₸ 3%ߢⲢ⾗ߒߡ޿ࠆ151‫ޕ‬ࡊࡠࠣ࡜ࡓ㧦
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Ꮊฬ㧦
᭎ⷐ㧦

ਛዊડᬺᳪᨴ੍㒐ᡰេญᐳࡠ࡯ࡦࡊࡠࠣ࡜ࡓ
Small Business Pollution Prevention Assistance Account Loan Programࡍࡦࠪ࡞ࡌ࠾ࠕ
ࡍࡦࠪ࡞ࡌ࠾ࠕᎺⅣႺ଻⼔ዪਛዊડᬺࠝࡦࡉ࠭ࡑࡦ੐ോዪߦࠃࠅㆇ༡ߐࠇࠆ‫ޕ‬ਛዊડᬺߦࠃࠆᑄ᫈‛‫ޔ‬ᳪᨴ߹ߚߪࠛࡀ࡞ࠡ࡯૶↪㊂ߩ೥ᷫࠍ࿑ࠆ੐ᬺࠍⴕ
߁ਛዊડᬺ㧔ࡈ࡞࠲ࠗࡓߩᓥᬺຬᢙ 100 ฬએਅ㧕ߦኻߒૐ㊄೑ࡠ࡯ࡦࠍⲢ⾗ߔࠆࡊࡠࠣ࡜ࡓߢ޽ࠆ‫ޕ‬੐ᬺ✚ࠦࠬ࠻ߩ 75%ࠍ 10 ਁ࠼࡞ࠍ਄㒢ߦᡰេߔࠆ‫ޕ‬೑₸ߪ 2%ߢᦨᄢ㄰ᷣᦼ㑆ߪ 10 ᐕ㑆152‫ޕ‬ࡊࡠࠣ࡜ࡓ㧦
⧷⺆ฬ㧦
Ꮊฬ㧦
᭎ⷐ㧦

ਛዊડᬺ⋭ࠛࡀഥᚑ㊄ࡊࡠࠣ࡜ࡓ
Small Business Energy Efficiency Grant Programࡍࡦࠪ࡞ࡌ࠾ࠕ
ਛዊડᬺ⋭ࠛࡀഥᚑ㊄ࡊࡠࠣ࡜ࡓߪࡍࡦࠪ࡞ࡌ࠾ࠕᎺⅣႺ଻⼔ዪਛዊડᬺࠝ
ࡦࡉ࠭ࡑࡦ੐ോዪߦࠃࠅㆇ༡ߐࠇ‫ࠕ࠾ࡌ࡞ࠪࡦࡍޔ‬Ꮊߩਛዊડᬺ㧔ᓥᬺຬ 100ฬએਅ㧕߇⋭ࠛࡀൻࠍㅴ߼ࠆߚ߼ߦᔅⷐߥᯏ᧚߿૞ᬺะߌߦ‫ޔ‬ᔅⷐ⚻⾌ߩ 25%
ࠍ㄰㊄ߔࠆᒻߩഥᚑ㊄㧔reimbursement grant㧕ߣߒߡ 2 ਁ 5 ජ࠼࡞ࠍ਄㒢ߦឭଏߔࠆ߽ߩߢ޽ࠆ‫ޕ‬࿾ᾲࡐࡦࡊ‫ࡀࠛ⋭ޔ‬಄ᥦᚱ㧔energy efficient HAVC㧕‫࡜ޔ‬149

ࠝ࡯ࠪ ࡖࡦ࡮࠽࡚ࠪ࠽࡞㌁ⴕߦࠃࠆౣ↢น⢻ࠛࡀ࡞ࠡ࡯߅ࠃ߮⋭ࠛࡀࡆࠫࡀࠬࡠ࡯ࡦ㧔Introducing Ocean
National’s Renewable Energy and Energy Efficiency Business Loan㧕㧦
http://www.nheconomy.com/pdf/BusinessLoanBrochure.pdf
150࠹ࡀࠪ࡯Ꮊ⚻ᷣࠦࡒࡘ࠾࠹ࠖ࡯㐿⊒ዪࠦࡒࡘ࠾࠹ࠖ࡯㐿⊒⺖㧔Community Development Division of the
Department of Economic and Community Development㧕ߦࠃࠆ‫ޔ‬Ꮢ᳃ෳടဳఝ⦟ㇺᏒ⸘↹ࠍផㅴߔࠆࡊࡠࠣ࡜ࡓ‫ޕ‬৻ቯߩ᧦ઙࠍḩߚߒߚࠦࡒࡘ࠾࠹ࠖ࡯ߦߪ Three-Star Certification ߣ޿߁⹺ቯ⸽߇᝼ਈߐࠇ‫ޔ‬᭽‫⽷ߥޘ‬᡽ᡰេࠝࡊ࡚ࠪࡦࠍᓧࠄࠇࠆ‫ޕ‬㧔Three-Star Program ߦߟ޿ߡ: http://www.state.tn.us/ecd/pdf/3Star_07.pdf
ߘߩઁෳ⠨ᖱႎߣߒߡ㧦
http://tnedg.com/index.php/site/articles/livability/three_star_program_helps_small_towns_shine㧕151࠹ࡀࠪ࡯Ꮊ⚻ᷣࠦࡒࡘ࠾࠹ࠖ࡯㐿⊒ዪࠛࡀ࡞ࠡ࡯⺖㧔Energy Division㧕㧦
http://www.state.tn.us/ecd/energy_sbel.htm
152ࡍࡦࠪ࡞ࡌ࠾ࠕᎺⅣႺ଻⼔ዪਛዊડᬺࠝࡦࡉ࠭ࡑࡦ੐ോዪ㧔Office of the Small Business Ombudsman㧕ߦࠃࠆࡍ࡯ࠫ㧦http://www.depweb.state.pa.us/enintech/cwp/view.asp?a=1413&q=503114

40ࡦࡊ‫ޔ‬಄ළࠪࠬ࠹ࡓ‫ޔ‬ᢿᾲ᧚㧔insulation㧕߅ࠃ߮ࠛࠕࠪ࡯࡞ࡊࡠࠫࠚࠢ࠻㧔air
sealing projects㧕߇ኻ⽎ߣߥࠆ߇‫ޔ‬㘑ജ‫ޔ‬ᄥ㓁శ‫ޔ‬᳓ജ⊒㔚㑐ㅪߪኻ⽎ᄖߣߐࠇߡ޿ࠆ153‫ޕ‬ࡊࡠࠣ࡜ࡓ㧦
⧷⺆ฬ㧦
Ꮊฬ㧦
᭎ⷐ㧦

ਛዊડᬺࠛࡀ࡞ࠡ࡯ല₸ᩏቯࡊࡠࠣ࡜ࡓ
Small Business Energy Audit Programࡢࠗࠝࡒࡦࠣ
਄㒢 4,000 ࠼࡞߹ߢߩࠛࡀ࡞ࠡ࡯ല₸ᩏቯߦᔅⷐߥ⾌↪ߩ߁ߜ‫ޔ‬75%ࠍഥᚑߔ
ࠆࡊࡠࠣ࡜ࡓߢ޽ࠆ‫ޕ‬SBA ߦࠃࠆਛዊડᬺߩቯ⟵ࠍḩߚߔోડᬺ߇ኻ⽎‫ޕ‬ᩏቯౝኈߪ‫ޔ‬ᑪㅧ‛ߩ㛽⚵᭴ㅧ‫ޔ‬ᾖ᣿‫ޔ‬ⓨ⺞㧔HVAC㧕‫ࠬ࠮ࡠࡊ࡯ࠡ࡞ࡀࠛޔ‬(process energy㧕‫⵾ޕ‬ㅧᬺ⠪ߪᩏቯᓟ‫ޔ‬႐วߦࠃߞߡߪᦝߦᄁ਄⒢ߩ೥ᷫ߇ᦼ
ᓙߢ߈ࠆ154‫ޕ‬ࡊࡠࠣ࡜ࡓ㧦
⧷⺆ฬ㧦
Ꮊฬ㧦
᭎ⷐ㧦

ࠛࡀ࡞ࠡ࡯ࠗࡁࡌ࡯࡚ࠪࡦഥᚑࡊࡠࠣ࡜ࡓ
Energy Innovation Small Grant Program: EISG
ࠞ࡝ࡈࠜ࡞࠾ࠕ
ࠞ࡝ࡈࠜ࡞࠾ࠕᎺࠛࡀ࡞ࠡ࡯ᆔຬળ㧔California Energy Commission㧕߇ㆇ༡ߒߡ߅ࠅ‫ޔ‬ਛዊડᬺ‫ޔ‬㕖༡೑࿅૕‫ޔ‬ቇⴚ⎇ⓥᯏ㑐ࠍኻ⽎ߦ‫ࠕ࠾࡞ࠜࡈ࡝ࠞޔ‬Ꮊ߇ᛴ߃ࠆࠛࡀ࡞ࠡ࡯໧㗴ࠍ⺞ᩏౝኈߦ฽߼ߚ‫⎇࡯ࠡ࡞ࡀࠛ⋉౏ޔ‬ⓥ㧔Public
Interest Energy Research㧦PIER㧕ࠍኻ⽎ߦഥᚑ㊄ࠍឭଏߒߡ޿ࠆ‫ࠚ࠙࠼࡯ࡂޕ‬ࠕ੐ᬺ(hardware projects)ߦߪᦨᄢ 9 ਁ 5 ජ࠼࡞‫࡞࠺ࡕޔ‬ᒻᚑ੐ᬺ㧔modelingprojects㧕ߦߪᦨᄢ 5 ਁ࠼࡞ࠍഥᚑߔࠆ155‫ޕ‬㧔㧕 ࠦࡦࡊ࡜ࠗࠕࡦࠬᡰេ
ࡊࡠࠣ࡜ࡓ㧦
⧷⺆ฬ㧦
Ꮊฬ㧦
᭎ⷐ㧦

ਛዊડᬺࠦࡦࡊ࡜ࠗࠕࡦࠬࠗࡦ࠮ࡦ࠹ࠖࡉ᡽╷Small Business Compliance Incentives Policy (SBCIP)ࡔࠗࡦ
1994 ᐕ‫ࡦࠗࡔޔ‬ᎺⅣႺ଻⼔ዪ㧔Department of Environmental Protection㧕ߪᓥᬺຬ 100 ੱએਅߩਛዊડᬺߩ‫ޔ‬ⅣႺၮḰ࡮ᳪᨴ೥ᷫ߳ߩㆡวࠍᡰេߔࠆߚ߼
ਛዊડᬺᛛⴚᡰេࡊࡠࠣ࡜ࡓ㧔Small Business Technical Assistance Program:
SBTAP㧕 ࠍ㐿ᆎߒߚ‫ޕ‬SBTAP ࡊࡠࠣ࡜ࡓߩ৻ㇱߦ‫ޔ‬ਛዊડᬺࠦࡦࡊ࡜ࠗࠕ
ࡦࠬࠗࡦ࠮ࡦ࠹ࠖࡉ᡽╷߇฽߹ࠇࠆ‫ᧄޕ‬᡽╷ߪ‫ޔ‬ਛዊડᬺ߇ਇᵈᗧߢ‽ߒߚ
SBTAP ㆑෻߳ߩ⟏ೣㆡ↪ߩ఺㒰ࠍⴕߞߡ޿ࠆ‫ޕ‬ⅣႺ଻⼔ዪߪᧄ᡽╷ࠍᨵエߦㆡᔕߒ‫ޔ‬ਛዊડᬺ߇⟏ߐࠇࠆ೨ߦⅣႺ໧㗴㆑෻ࠍୃᱜߢ߈ࠆࠃ߁⸘ࠄߞߡ޿
ࠆ156‫ޕ‬ࡊࡠࠣ࡜ࡓ㧦
⧷⺆ฬ㧦Ꮊฬ㧦ਛዊડᬺⅣႺᡰេࡊࡠࠣ࡜ࡓ
Small Business Environmental Assistance Program (SBEAP)
ࡒࡀ࠰࠲

153

ࡍࡦࠪ࡞ࡌ࠾ࠕᎺⅣႺ଻⼔ዪਛዊડᬺࠝࡦࡉ࠭ࡑࡦ੐ോዪ㧔Office of the Small Business Ombudsman㧕ߦࠃࠆࡍ࡯ࠫ㧦http://www.depweb.state.pa.us/enintech/cwp/view.asp?a=1413&q=503219
154ࡢࠗࠝࡒࡦࠣࡆࠫࡀࠬࠞ࠙ࡦࠪ࡞㧦http://www.wyomingbusiness.org/business/energy_smallbusaudit.aspx
155ࠞ࡝ࡈࠜ࡞࠾ࠕᎺࠛࡀ࡞ࠡ࡯ᆔຬળߦࠃࠆ '+5) ᖱႎ㧦
http://www.energy.ca.gov/research/innovations/index.html
156 http://www.maine.gov/dep/innovation/sbta/index.htm

41

᭎ⷐ㧦

SBEAP ߪࡒࡀ࠰࠲ߩਛዊડᬺ‫ޔ‬࿾ᣇ⥄ᴦ૕߇ᣂⷙ߹ߚߪᣢሽߩⅣႺⷙ೙ߩ㗅቞‫ޔ‬ឃ᳇ࠟࠬ࡮ᑄ᫈‛ߩ೥ᷫ࡮᠗ᑄ‫ⷙޔ‬೙ߩ⽶⩄ߩシᷫࠍߢ߈ࠆࠃ߁ᡰេࠍ
ⴕߞߡ޿ࠆ‫ޕ‬ᡰេߪ޿ߕࠇ߽ήᢱߢ⒁ኒ෩቞ߣߥߞߡ޿ࠆ‫ౕޕ‬૕⊛ߦߪ 1 ኻ
1 ߩ㔚⹤ࡎ࠶࠻࡜ࠗࡦߦࠃࠆ⋧⺣⓹ญ‫ޔ࠻࠶ࠫࡆ࠻ࠗࠨޔ‬ᢎ⢒ᯏળ㧔ࡢ࡯࡚ࠢࠪ࠶ࡊ‫ޔ࠻ࡦࡌࠗޔୃ⎇ޔ‬ශ೚‛ߥߤ㧕ߩឭଏߣ޿ߞߚౝኈ߇᜼ߍࠄࠇࠆ157‫ޕ‬ࡊࡠࠣ࡜ࡓ㧦
⧷⺆ฬ㧦
Ꮊฬ㧦
᭎ⷐ㧦

ਛዊડᬺⅣႺࠦࡦࡊ࡜ࠗࠕࡦࠬᡰេࡠ࡯ࡦၮ㊄
Small Business Environmental Compliance Assistance Loan Fundࡃ࡯ࠫ࠾ࠕᧄၮ㊄ߪਛዊડᬺ߇ⅣႺᳪᨴ㒐ᱛߩ⸳஻ߥߤࠍ⾼౉࡮⸳⟎ߔࠆ႐วߩࡠ࡯ࡦ
଻⸽ߣߒߡᵴ↪ߐࠇߡ޿ࠆ‫ޕ‬ኻ⽎ߣߥࠆ⸳஻ߪᄢ᳇ᵺൻᴺ㧔Clean Air Act㧕ߥߤᚲቯߩၮḰߦㆡวߒ‫ࠕ࠾ࠫ࡯ࡃޔ‬ᎺⅣႺຠ⾰ዪ㧔The Department ofEnvironmental Quality㧕ߩᛚ⹺ࠍฃߌࠆᔅⷐ߇޽ࠆ158‫ޕ‬㧔3㧕 ⺞ᩏ࡮ࠦࡦࠨ࡞ߥߤߩឭଏ
ࡊࡠࠣ࡜ࡓ㧦
⧷⺆ฬ㧦
Ꮊฬ㧦
᭎ⷐ㧦

ਛዊડᬺⅣႺᡰេࡊࡠࠣ࡜ࡓ
Small Business Environmental Assistance ProgramࠞࡦࠩࠬࠞࡦࠩࠬᎺ଻ஜⅣႺዪⅣႺ⺖(Division of Environment, Kansas Department of
Health and Environment)ߪࠞࡦࠩࠬᎺ┙ᄢቇߩᳪᨴ㒐ᱛ⎇ⓥᚲ㧔Kansas State
University's Pollution Prevention Institute: PPI㧕ߣᄾ⚂ࠍ⚿߮‫ޔ‬ᎺߩਛዊડᬺⅣ
Ⴚᡰេࡊࡠࠣ࡜ࡓ㧔Small Business Environmental Assistance Program: SBEAP㧕ࠍㆇ༡ߒߡ޿ࠆ‫ޕ‬ᒰ⹥ࡊࡠࠣ࡜ࡓߢߪⅣႺⷙ೙ߦḰߓߚ⚻༡ࠍᡰេߔߴߊ‫ޔ‬
ฦ⒳໧޿วࠊߖ߳ߩ࿁╵‫⃻ޔ‬࿾ߢߩ㧔ⅣႺ㧕⹏ଔ‫ޔ‬ᳪᨴ㒐ᱛᛛⴚ‫ࠪࠢ࡯ࡢޔ‬࡚࠶ࡊ㐿௅‫ޔ‬಴ ‫ޔ‬4 ඨᦼᲤߦࠞࡦࠩࠬ AIRLines ࠾ࡘ࡯ࠬ࡟࠲࡯⊒ⴕ㧔Kansas
AIRLines quarterly newsletter㧕╬ߩࠨ࡯ࡆࠬࠍήᢱߢឭଏߒߡ޿ࠆ159‫ޕ‬ࡊࡠࠣ࡜ࡓ㧦
⧷⺆ฬ㧦
Ꮊฬ㧦
᭎ⷐ㧦

ࠬࡑ࡯࠻ࠛ࠽ࠫ࡯⸳⸘ᡰេ࠮ࡦ࠲࡯
Smart Energy Design Assistance Center: SEDACࠗ࡝ࡁࠗࠬࡑ࡯࠻ࠛ࠽ࠫ࡯⸳⸘ᡰេ࠮ࡦ࠲࡯(The Smart Energy Design AssistanceCenter: SEDAC)ߢߪ‫ࠗࡁ࡝ࠗޔ‬Ꮊౝߩ᳃༡࡮౏༡ߩᣉ⸳߇ࠛࡀ࡞ࠡ࡯⾗Ḯߩ೑↪ല₸ᕈࠍ࿑ࠆߎߣߦࠃࠅ⚻ᷣࠍᵴᕈൻߐߖࠆߚ߼ߩࠕ࠼ࡃࠗࠬ߅ࠃ߮ಽ
ᨆࠍឭଏߒߡ޿ࠆ‫ޕ‬ᒰ⹥࠮ࡦ࠲࡯ߩࠬࡐࡦࠨ࡯ߪࠦࡓࠛ࠼࡮ࠕࡦ࠼࡮ࠕࡑ࡜
ࡦ㔚ജળ␠㧔ComEd and Ameren Illinois Utilities㧕ߣឭ៤㑐ଥߦ޽ࠆࠗ࡝ࡁࠗ
Ꮊࠦࡒࡘ࠾࠹ࠖ࡯⚻ᷣᯏળዪ㧔Illinois Department of Community and Economic
Opportunity㧕ߢ޽ࠅ‫ޔ‬೑⋉ㅊ᳞ဳડᬺ߿౏༡ᣉ⸳ะߌߦήᢱߢଔ୯޽ࠆࠨ࡯
ࡆࠬࠍឭଏߒߡ޿ࠆ‫ޕ‬ห࠮ࡦ࠲࡯ߪࠗ࡝ࡁࠗᎺ┙ᄢቇࠕ࡯ࡃ࠽ࠪࡖࡦࡍ࡯ࡦ
ᩞ㧔University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign㧕ᑪ▽ቇㇱߣ 360 ࠛ࠽ࠫ࡯ࠣ࡞࡯
ࡊ㧔360 Energy Group㧕ߦࠃࠅㆇ༡ߐࠇߡ޿ࠆ‫ޕ‬ࠛࡀ࡞ࠡ࡯⋭ߩႎ๔ߦࠃࠇ߫‫ࠗࡁ࡝ࠗޔ‬Ꮊౝߩᐕ㑆ࠛࡀ࡞ࠡ࡯ᡰ಴㗵ߪ
300 ం࠼࡞ࠍ⿥߃ߡ߅ࠅ‫ޔ‬ౝ 52 ం࠼࡞ಽߪ໡ᬺᣉ⸳ߦࠃࠆߣߐࠇࠆ‫ࡁ࡝ࠗޕ‬ࠗᎺߩਛዊડᬺߪߎߩ⩨ᄢߥࠛࡀ࡞ࠡ࡯ࠦࠬ࠻ߦᓇ㗀ࠍฃߌߡ߅ࠅ‫ࡁ࡝ࠗޔ‬157

http://www.pca.state.mn.us/programs/sbap_p.html
http://www.deq.state.va.us/osba/finance.html#loanfund
159
SBEAP㧦http://www.kdheks.gov/sbcs/
158

42

ࠗᎺࠬࡑ࡯࠻ࠛ࠽ࠫ࡯⸳⸘ᡰេࡊࡠࠣ࡜ࡓ㧔The Illinois Smart Energy Design
Assistance Program㧕߇ߎࠇࠄਛዊડᬺߩ⋭ࠛࡀߩ╷ࠍ⷗ᭂ߼ࠆ⾆㊀ߥᯏળࠍឭଏߒߡ޿ࠆ‫ޕ‬ᣉ⸳ߩᑪ⸳߿࡝ࡕ࠺࡝ࡦࠣࠍⴕ߁㓙ߩೋᦼ⸳஻ᛩ⾗ߛߌߢߥߊ‫࠻ࠬࠦ࡞ࠢࠗࠨࡈࠗ࡜ޔ‬160ࠍ฽߼ߚ✚ว⊛ߥࠦࠬ࠻೥ᷫߦዉߊߎߣ߇น⢻ߢ޽ࠆ‫ޕ‬ᡰេౝኈߪ‫ޔ‬ήᢱࠛࡀ࡞ࠡ࡯ല₸ᩏቯ㧧ࠛࡀ࡞ࠡ࡯૶↪㊂೥ᷫ╬ࠍ⋡ᜰߒߚήᢱ⸳⸘ᡰេ㧧ᢎ⢒࡮⎇ୃᵴേ㧔␠ળੱ‫ޔ‬ቇ↢ะߌ㧕㧧ࠗ࡝ࡁࠗᎺᑪ▽‛ⷙ೙ㆡวᡰេ㧧ᖱႎ⊒ା㧧ᜬ⛯น⢻ߥࠛࡀ࡞ࠡ࡯໧㗴߳ߩኻಣ߅ࠃ߮ឃ಴ࠟࠬ೥ᷫᡰេ161ߢ޽ࠆ‫ޕ‬

㧔4㧕 ᷙวဳ㧔㊄㌛⊛ᡰេ߅ࠃ߮ᖱႎ࡮ࠦࡦࠨ࡞╬ߩឭଏ㧕ࡊࡠࠣ࡜ࡓ㧦
⧷⺆ฬ㧦
Ꮊฬ㧦
᭎ⷐ㧦

3.3

ਛዊડᬺࠛࡀ࡞ࠡ࡯ࠕ࠼ࡃࡦ࠹࡯ࠫ
Small Business Energy Advantage㧦SBEA
ࠦࡀ࠴ࠞ࠶࠻
ࠦࡀ࠴ࠞ࠶࠻ࠛࡀ࡞ࠡ࡯ല₸⽷࿅㧔Connecticut Energy Efficiency Fund㧕ߩࡊࡠࠣ࡜ࡓߩ৻Ⅳ162ߣߒߡ‫࠻ࠗ࡜࠻࠶ࠞ࠴ࡀࠦޔ‬㧒ࡄࡢ࡯␠㧔Connecticut Light& Power: CL&P㧕߇ⴕߞߡ޿ࠆࡊࡠࠣ࡜ࡓ‫ޕ‬ਛዊડᬺߦኻߒߡ CL&P ␠߇ࠛࡀ࡞ࠡ࡯⹏ଔࠍήᢱߢታᣉߒ‫ޔ‬ᔅⷐߥ⋭ࠛࡀኻ╷ߩታᣉࠍᡰេߔࠆ‫ޔߚ߹ޕ‬ή೑ሶ⾉ઃ߽ⴕߞߡ޿ࠆ163‫ޕ‬࿾ᣇ⥄ᴦ૕ߦࠃࠆࡊࡠࠣ࡜ࡓ

Ꮊ࡟ࡌ࡞ߢߪߥߊ‫ޔ‬࿾ᣇ⥄ᴦ૕࡟ࡌ࡞ߦ߅޿ߡ߽ડᬺߦኻߔࠆ⋭ࠛࡀᡰេࠍⴕߞߡ޿ࠆ‫ޕ‬ᄢඨߪડᬺⷙᮨࠍ໧ࠊߥ޿ᡰេߢ޽ࠆ߇‫ޔ‬ਅ⴫ߩࠃ߁ߦਛዊડᬺࠍኻ⽎ߣߒߚᡰេࠍⴕߞߡ޿ࠆ
࿾ᣇ⥄ᴦ૕߽޽ࠆ‫ޕ‬

㧔1㧕 ⹏ଔ࡮ࠦࡦࠨ࡞╬ߩឭଏࡊࡠࠣ࡜ࡓ㧦⧷⺆ฬ㧦࿾ᣇ⥄ᴦ૕ฬ㧦᭎ⷐ㧦ਛዊડᬺࠛࡀ࡞ࠡ࡯ࡄࡈࠜ࡯ࡑࡦࠬࡊࡠࠣ࡜ࡓ
Small Business Energy Performance Programࠦࡠ࡜࠼Ꮊࡏ࡞࠳࡯Ꮢ
ࡏ࡞࠳࡯ᏒⅣႺㇱ㧔Office of Environmental Affairs㧕ߪ‫ޔ‬ਛዊડᬺߦ߅ߌࠆࠛ
ࡀ࡞ࠡ࡯૶↪ല₸ߩะ਄ࠍ࿑ࠅ‫ޔ‬ౣ↢น⢻ߥࠛࡀ࡞ࠡ࡯ߩ೑↪ࠍଦㅴߔࠆߚ
߼ߦ‫ޔ‬ήᢱߩࠛࡀ࡞ࠡ࡯⹏ଔ෸߮ᡷༀߔߴ߈⋭ࠛࡀኻ╷᩺ࠍឭ␜ߔࠆ߽ߩߢ
޽ࠅ‫ޔ‬ᔅⷐߦᔕߓߡᛛⴚᡰេ߽ឭଏߔࠆ164‫ޕ‬160ᑪ▽ࠦࠬ࠻ߛߌߢߥߊ㧘⛽ᜬ▤ℂ߿ᡷୃ࡮ᑄ᫈ߦᔅⷐߥࠦࠬ࠻߽฽߼ߚ᭴ㅧ‛ߩࠦࠬ࠻‫ޕ‬
SEDAC: http://smartenergy.arch.uiuc.edu/html/who.html
162౏౒࡙࡯࠹ࠖ࡝࠹ࠖ࡯▤ℂዪ㧔Department of Public Utility Control: DPUC㧕ߩᛚ⹺ࠍฃߌ‫ޔ‬1998 ᐕߦࠦࡀ࠴
ࠞ࠶࠻Ꮊ┙ᴺᐭߦࠃࠅ⸳┙ߐࠇߚⅣႺ଻ో▤ℂℂ੐ળ㧔Energy Conservation Management Board: ECMB) ߇ࠦࡀ࠴ࠞ࠶࠻ࠛࡀ࡞ࠡ࡯ല₸⽷࿅⾗㊄ߩ㈩ಽߦߟ޿ߡࠕ࠼ࡃࠗࠬࠍਈ߃ߡ޿ࠆ‫ޕ‬ห⽷࿅ߪ DPUC ߣ ECMB ߦࠃߞߡ⸳ቯߐࠇߚ⋡ᮡᢙ୯ࠍ㆐ᚑߔߴߊࡊࡠࠣ࡜ࡓㆇ༡ࠍⴕ߁⽿ോ߇޽ࠆ‫ޕ‬
http://www.ctsavesenergy.org/about/ecmb.php
163
CL&P ߦࠃࠆᖱႎ㧦http://www.cl-p.com/Business/SaveEnergy/Services/EnergyAdvantage.aspx
ࠦࡀ࠴ࠞ࠶࠻ࠛࡀ࡞ࠡ࡯ല₸⽷࿅ߦࠃࠆᖱႎ㧦http://www.ctsavesenergy.org/programs/business.php
DSIRE ਄ߩᖱႎ㧦
http://www.dsireusa.org/library/includes/incentive2.cfm?Incentive_Code=CT31F&state=CT&CurrentPageID=1&RE=1&
EE=1164ࡏ࡞࠳࡯Ꮢߦࠃࠆࡍ࡯ࠫ㧦
http://www.bouldercolorado.gov/index.php?option=com_content&task=view&id=7728&Itemid=2856
161

43

ࡊࡠࠣ࡜ࡓ㧦⧷⺆ฬ㧦࿾ᣇ⥄ᴦ૕ฬ㧦᭎ⷐ㧦ਛዊડᬺ⋥ធࠗࡦࠬ࠻࡯࡞ࡊࡠࠣ࡜ࡓ
Small Business Direct Install Programࠞ࡝ࡈࠜ࡞࠾ࠕᎺࡌ࡯ࠞ࡯࠭ࡈࠖ࡯࡞࠼෸߮ࠤ࡯ࡦ㇭
ࠞ࡝ࡈࠜ࡞࠾ࠕᎺࡌ࡯ࠞ࡯࠭ࡈࠖ࡯࡞࠼ߣࠤ࡯ࡦ㇭߇ࡄࠪࡈࠖ࠶ࠢ࡮ࠟࠬ࡮
㔚᳇ળ␠㧔Pacific Gas and Electric Company㧕‫ޔ‬ධࠞ࡝ࡈࠜ࡞࠾ࠕ࡮ࠛ࠺ ࠖ࠰
ࡦ␠㧔Southern California Edison㧕‫ޔ‬෸߮ධࠞ࡝ࡈࠜ࡞࠾ࠕ࡮ࠟࠬળ␠㧔Southern
California Gas Company㧕ߣ౒หㆇ༡ߔࠆࡊࡠࠣ࡜ࡓ‫ޕ‬หࡊࡠࠣ࡜ࡓߦෳടߔ
ࠆਛዊડᬺߦኻߒߡ‫ޔ‬ήᢱߢࠛࡀ࡞ࠡ࡯ߩࡄࡈࠜ࡯ࡑࡦࠬ⹏ଔࠍⴕ޿‫ࠛ⋭ޔ‬ࡀߦะߌߚᡷༀὐ෸߮ᖱႎࠍឭଏߔࠆ165‫ޕ‬ࡊࡠࠣ࡜ࡓ㧦⧷⺆ฬ㧦࿾ᣇ⥄ᴦ૕ฬ㧦᭎ⷐ㧦ਛዊડᬺࠛࡀ࡞ࠡ࡯ല₸ᩏቯࡊࡠࠣ࡜ࡓ
Small Business Energy Auditsࡃ࡯ࠫ࠾ࠕᎺࠕ࡯࡝ࡦ࠻ࡦ㇭
ห㇭ߦࠃࠆࠗ࠾ࠪࠕ࠴ࡉߩਅ‫ޔ‬᷷ቶലᨐࠟࠬឃ಴೥ᷫߩߚ߼‫ޔ‬ห㇭ߢߪਛዊ
ડᬺࠍኻ⽎ߦࠛࡀ࡞ࠡ࡯ല₸ᩏቯࠍήᢱឭଏߒ‫࡯ࠡ࡞ࡀࠛࠆߥᦝޔ‬ല₸ൻ߇น⢻ߥಽ㊁ߩ․ቯࠍⴕߞߡ޿ࠆ166‫ޕ‬㧔2㧕 ᷙวဳ㧔㊄㌛⊛ᡰេ߅ࠃ߮⹏ଔࠦࡦࠨ࡞╬ߩឭଏ㧕ࡊࡠࠣ࡜ࡓ㧦⧷⺆ฬ㧦࿾ᣇ⥄ᴦ૕ฬ㧦᭎ⷐ㧦ਛዊડᬺࠛࡀ࡞ࠡ࡯▤ℂᡰេࡊࡠࠣ࡜ࡓ
Small Business Energy Management Assistance Programࠞ࡝ࡈࠜ࡞࠾ࠕᎺࠕ࠽ࡂࠗࡓᏒ
ࠕ࠽ࡂࠗࡓ౏⋉੐ᬺ㧔Anaheim Public Utilities㧕ߪ‫ޔ‬ਛዊડᬺߩ⋭ࠛࡀࠍଦㅴ
ߔࠆߚ߼ߦ‫ޔ‬ήᢱߢࠛࡀ࡞ࠡ࡯ࡄࡈࠜ࡯ࡑࡦࠬ⺞ᩏࠍታᣉߒ‫߇❬ߦࡀࠛ⋭ޔ‬ࠆᛛⴚߩዉ౉ࠍផᅑߒߡ޿ࠆ‫ޔߚ߹ޕ‬ਛዊડᬺߦࠃࠆࠛࡀ࡞ࠡ࡯ല₸ߩ㜞޿ⰯశἮ߿㔚ജࠍ⺞ᢛߔࠆᯏེ╬ߩ⾼౉⾗㊄ߩ৻ㇱࠍ⵬ഥߒߡ޿ࠆ167‫ౕޕ‬૕⊛
ߦߪ T8 ဳⰯశἮ㧔T8 Fluorescent lights㧕‫ޔ‬㔚ሶ࿁〝ᑼ቟ቯེ߅ࠃ߮㔚ሶ೙ᓮⵝ⟎㧔electronic ballasts and controls㧕ߩขࠅ឵߃ߪࠦࠬ࠻ߩ 75%ࠍ⵬ഥߒ‫ߘޔ‬ߩઁ಄⬿࡮ⓨ⺞ⵝ⟎⺞ᢛ‫ࡓ࡜ࠣࡠࡊޔ‬น⢻ߥࠨ࡯ࡕࠬ࠲࠶࠻㧔Programmablethermostats㧕ߩขࠅ឵߃‫ޔ‬ኾ㐷ኅߦࠃࠆࠛࡀ࡞ࠡ࡯ല₸ᩏቯࠍήᢱឭଏߔࠆ168‫ޕ‬ࡊࡠࠣ࡜ࡓ㧦⧷⺆ฬ㧦࿾ᣇ⥄ᴦ૕ฬ㧦᭎ⷐ㧦ਛዊડᬺᾖ᣿ⵝ⟎⋥ធ⸳⟎ࡊࡠࠣ࡜ࡓ
Small Business Direct Install Lighting Program: SBDI
ࠞ࡝ࡈࠜ࡞࠾ࠕᎺࡠࠨࡦ࠯࡞ࠬᏒ
หᏒ᳓⾗Ḯ࡮㔚ജዪ㧔Los Angeles Department of Water and Power: LADWP㧕ߢߪᒰ⹥ࡊࡠࠣ࡜ࡓࠍㅢߓߡᦨᄢ 2,500 ࠼࡞߹ߢߩ⋭ࠛࡀᾖ᣿ⵝ⟎ߩ⋭ࠛࡀ⵾ຠ߳ߩขࠅ឵߃ࠍήᢱߢⴕߞߡ޿ࠆ‫ޕ‬SBCI ࡊࡠࠣ࡜ࡓߪࠬ࠲࠶ࡈࠍਛዊડᬺߦᵷ㆜ߒ‫ޔ‬ᾖ᣿ⵝ⟎ߩࠛࡀ࡞ࠡ࡯ല₸⹏ଔࠍⴕ߁‫ޕ‬ડᬺ஥ߩੌ⸃ࠍᓧߚ਄
ߢ‫⾗᦭ ޔ‬ᩰߩኾ㐷ኅ߇⋭ࠛࡀኻᔕᾖ᣿ⵝ⟎߳ߩขࠅ឵߃ࠍⴕ߁‫ޕ‬ขࠅᄖߐࠇ

165

Energy Watch “Bakersfield & Kern County Energy Watch”㧦http://www.calenergywatch.com/Bakersfield.htm
ࡃ࡯ࠫ࠾ࠕᎺࠕ࡯࡝ࡦ࠻ࡦ㇭࠙ࠚࡉࠨࠗ࠻਄ߩᖱႎ㧦https://www.arlingtonva.us/Portals/Topics/ClimateBusinessAuditForm.asp
167
DSIRE ਄ߩᖱႎ㧦
http://www.dsireusa.org/library/includes/incentive2.cfm?Incentive_Code=CA81F&state=ca&CurrentPageID=1&RE=1&
EE=1168ࠕ࠽ࡂࠗࡓ౏⋉੐ᬺᖱႎ㧦http://www.anaheim.net/utilities/adv_svc_prog/small_bus_assist/intro.pdf
16644ߚⵝ⟎ߦߟ޿ߡߪⅣႺߦఝߒ޿ᣇᴺߢ࡝ࠨࠗࠢ࡞ߐࠇࠆ‫ߔ࠼࡯࡟ࠣࡊ࠶ࠕޕ‬ࠆኻ⽎ᾖ᣿߇㒢ᐲ㗵ࠍ⿥ㆊߔࠆ႐วߪ‫ޔ‬ขࠅ឵߃ኻ⽎⵾ຠߩૐଔᩰߦߡߩડ
ᬺߦࠃࠆ⾼౉ࠍ⹺߼ߡ޿ࠆઁ‫ޔ‬LADWP ߦࠃࠆㅊട㄰㊄ߩน⢻ᕈ߽޽ࠆ169‫ޕ‬169

LADWP ਄ߩᖱႎ㧦http://www.ladwp.com/ladwp/cms/ladwp010211.jsp
DSIRE ਄ߩᖱႎ㧦
http://www.dsireusa.org/library/includes/incentive2.cfm?Incentive_Code=CA171F&state=CA&CurrentPageID=1&RE=0
&EE=1

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ᐔᚑ 20 ᐕᐲ‫☨ޟ‬࿖ߦ߅ߌࠆⅣႺ࡮⋭ࠛࡀߦ㑐ߔࠆਛዊડᬺᡰេ╷‫ޠ‬⺞ᩏႎ๔ᦠ
ᐔᚑ 21 ᐕ 3 ᦬⁛┙ⴕ᡽ᴺੱ ਛዊડᬺၮ⋚ᢛ஻ᯏ᭴ ࿖㓙⛔᜝ቶ᧲੩ㇺ᷼඙⯥ࡁ㐷 3-5-1 ⯥ࡁ㐷 37 ᫪ࡆ࡞㔚⹤㧦03-5470-2375 E-mail:international@smrj.go.jp

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