ra)lReprinted from InsecutorInscitia Menstruus,Vol. XII, Nos. 10-12,1924]

NEW SPECTES OF JAPANESE CRANE-FLTESPART IV(Diptera, Tipulidae)
Bv CHARLES P. ALEXANDER
The new speciesof Tipulidae described at this time consistof species of. Lfunonia taken in Hokkaido and Honshiu by
Messrs. Esaki and Kuwayanra, and an interesting species of
Liwnophila from the Loochoos, taken by Mr. Sakaguchi. My
deep thanks are extended to the collectors of this material forthe privilege of retaining the type specimens.
Limonia pallidipleura, new species.
General coloration reddish brown; praescutum with f ournarrow black stripes; pleura pale; femora yellorv, each wi,thtwo dark brown rings; wings tinged with yellow, the stigma
ring-like; no dark markings at arculus; ,Sc1ending beyond thefork of R".
Fernale.-Length about 11 mm. i wing, 72-12.2 mm.
Rostrum and palpi black. Antennae with the basal segment
obscure yellow; second segment and basal segment of flagellum
obscure brownish yellow; remainder of the flagellum darkbrown, in the paratype the extreme bases paler. Head darkbrown, pruinose, especially anteriorly.
Pronotum dark brown. Mesonotal praescutum reddish
brown with four narrow black stripes, the intermediate pair
separated by a pale line that is a little wider than the stripes;
lateral margin of praescutum behind pseudosutural foveae narrowly blackened; lateral stripes crossing the suture and suffusing each scutal lobe, the posterior lateral region pale; medianarea broadly yellow, continued caudad onto the scutellum which
is silvery pollinose, the lateral margins of the scutellum black;
postnotum with the mediotergite pale, the cephalic lateral portions blackened. Pleura pale reddish brown, sparsely pruinose,
the color including the postnotal pleurotergite. Halteres pale,the knots more infuscated, the extreme base yellowish. Legs
with the coxae reddish ; trochanters obscure yellow: femo,raINSECUT OR INSCIT I' E

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15tbrownish yellow, the tips narrowly brownish black, precededby a very narrow paler brown annulus. Wings tinged withyellow, the base and costal region more suffused; stigma circular, brown, enclosing a large area of the ground-color, r at
the extreme outer end of the ring; small brown clouds atorigin of R", along the cord, including a large blotch at thefork of ,R", connected with the stigmal ring; a narrow seam
aiong the outer end of cell rst M2; faint brown seams along
the outer longitudinal veins, more evident on veins Cu, tst A
and znd A; no brown marking at arculus ; veins dark brown,
paler in the flavous areas. Venation: Sc long, Sc1 ending beyond the fork of R", Scz about its length from the tip; R" long,arcuated at origin; r at extreme tip of R1 ; basal deflection of
Cu1 before the fork ol M.
Abdomen with the tergites dark brown, the lateral margins
obscure brownish yellow, the color more extensive on the posterior segmentswhere the brown is reduced to triangular markings; sternites obscure yellow. Ovipositor with the tergal
valves dark castaneous,slender and small; sternal valves very
deep and with the tips obtuse.
IIabitat.-Japan (Flonshiu). H olotype, J, Hinoemata, Iwashiro-no-kuni, altitude 3280-6235 feet, July 24, 7923 (T.
Esaki). ParatoPotyPe, ].
Limonia pullata, ne'iv species.
General coloration black, the abdomen obscure brownish
yellow; antennal flagellum largely yellow; femora yellow, eachwith two black rings; wings light yellow with a sparse brownpattern; Sc1 ending opposite midlength of R".
Female.-Length about 10 mm.; wing, 11 mm.
RoStrum and palpi brownish black. Antennae with the firstscapal segment black, the second brownish yellow; flagellum
light yellow, the intermediate segments narrowly and indistinctly infuscated basally, the amount increasing still more on
the terminal segments. Head black.
Pronotum black. Mesonotal praescutum obscure brownish
yellow, sub-shiny, rvith three black stripes; a circular brownish

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black spot on lateral margin of sclerite; micldle stripe entire,
the lateral stripes continued across the suture and suffusing rthescutal lobes; median area of scutum and base of scutellunr
yellowish testaceous; scutellum black, the parascutellapale;postnotum black, the ex,treme cephalic lateral angles obscureyellow. Pleura black, the dorsal and caudal marginsof thepleurotergite paler. Halteres pale, the knobs weakly infus_
cated. Legs with the fore and middle coxae black; port..io,coxae yellow; trochanters obscure brownish yellow; femora
yellow, the tips conspicuously brownish black, precededbya slightly more extensive yellow ring, which in turn, ls preceded by a subequai dark brown ring; tibiae brownish yeliol",the tips narrowly infuscated; tarsi passing into brownish black.
Wings light yellow, the base and costal region brighter yellow;
stigma a very pale brown ring, the center paler, with r a little
beyond the middle; inconspicuous clark brown seams at tipof
Sc1, origin and distal third of R", along the cord and outerend of cell -rsf M2 and, more conspicuously, along veinCu;
veins dark brown, yellow in the flavous areas. Venation:
Scr
ending just beyond midlength of R", Sc2 longer thanScr ancl
near its tip; R" feebly arcuated, subsinuous r about twiceits;
length from the tip of R1 ; inner ends of cells R3 and. rst
M2lying proximad of cell R5; basal deflection of. Ch near the
fork
of M.
Abdomen obscure brownish yellorv, the bases of thesub_terminal segments somewhat darker. Ovipo,sitor with theter_gal valves slender, reddish horn-color; sternal valvesstraight.
Habitat.-Japan (Honshiu). Holotyy'e,!, Hinoilmata, Iirya_
shiro-no-kuni, altitude g2g0_6285 f.eet,
July 24, lgp} (T.
Esaki).
Limonia mendax, new species.
Belongs to the quadrinotata group; general coloration
black,,
the mesothorax sparsely dusted with gray; knobsof halteresdark brown; legs black, the femora with a conspicuousorangesubterminal ring; wings yellow, sparsely variegated*ltf,
brown; cell R with no spots between arculus anJ
origin ofINSECUT OR INSCIT I,4

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153R"; abdominal tergites brownish black, the basal half of theindividual segments obscure yellow.
Feuoale.-Length, 11 mm.; wing, 13 mm.
Rostrum shiny lrlack, the palpi clark brown. Antennae withthe scape obscure orang'e,the flagellum clark brown; basal segments oval, the terminal segments passing into cylindrical"
Head heavily golden-yellow in front, lllack on the posteriorvertex and occiput.
Pronotum black, the posterior lateral angles paler. Mesonotum black, the praescutum spalsely yellow poliinose, the scutellum and postnotum sparsely gray pruinose. Pleura black,pruinose, especialll' on the anepisternum and sternopleurite"
Halteres obscure yellow, the knobs conspicuously dark brown.
Legs with the coxae yellow, the fore and middle coxae infuscated basally; trochanters obscure yellow; femora black, eachwith a relatively narrow but conspicuousorange ring about its
own length from the tip; tibiae black, the extreme base and asubterminal ring a little paler; tarsi black. Wings vellow,
sparsely variegated with dark and paler brown; cells C and Sc
entirely clear yellow; dark brown seamsat origin of R", along
cord and outer end of cell rst M2 and behind vein Cu; paler
clouds forming an irregular fascia before the wing-tip andagain in the ends of the anal cells; longitudinal veins narrowly seamedwith brown; bases of cells R and M only faintly
darkened; veins black, paler in the costal region. Venation:r at tip of R1 ; basal deflection of Cut about one-fourth its
length before the fork of M.
Abdominal tergites brownish black, the basal half of thescleritesobscure yellow, on the intermediate segmentsrestricted
to broad basal triangles; on the posterior segments more uniformly blackened; sternites obscure yellow', the caudal marginsof the segments darkened. Genital segment obscure yellow.
Ovipositor with the tergal valves small and slender; sternalvalves short but very deep, bladelike.
Habitat.-Japan (Hokkaido). Holotype, t, Jozankei, Ishikari-no-kuni, altitude 1000 feet, August 16, 1923 (T. Esaki)-

154

rNsricuToRTNSCITT/IIMENSTRUUS

Limonia euphileta, new species.
General coloration light yellow; antennae yellow, the basal
segment black; head dark yellowish gray; halteres long andslender, the knobs light yellow; tips of femora blackened;wings yellowish gray, the stigma pale brown.
Fetnale.--Length, 7.5 mm.; wing, 8.8 mm.
Rostrum and palpi b1ack. Antennae with the basal segment
black, sparsely pruinose, the remainder of the organ yellow,
the terminal flagellar segmentsa very little darker. Head dark
yeilowish gray, the cervical sclerites concolorous.
Pronotum brownish yellow. Mesonotum and pleura clear
light yellow throughout. Halteres long and slender, pale, theknobs light yellow. Legs yellow, the femoral tips conspicuous
brownish black, the tibial tips narrowly infuscated, the tarsal
segments soon passing into black. Wings tinged with yellowish gray, the base and costal region a little more yellowish;
stigma oval, pale brown; veins dark brown, paler on the basai
half of wing. Venation: Sc relativeiy short, Sc1 ending about
opposite one-third the length of R", Scz not far f rom its tip;
R- angulated at origin ; r at tip of R1 ; basal deflection ol Cur
at or before the fork of M.
Abdomen yellow, the base of the sternal valves of the ovipositor blackened. Ovipositor of rather peculiar structure;tergal valves very short, scarcely exceeding the tips of thesternal valves, the latter broad on the blackened parts, suddenly narrowed into the median depressedblades.
(Honshiu). Holotype, Q, Ozenuma, on
Habitat.-Japanboundary between Iwashiro-no-kuni and Kotsuke-no-kuni, altitude 5460 feet, July 26,7923 (T. Esaki). Paratype, t, Kawamata, in mountains, Shimotsuke-no-kuni, Jaly 23, 1923 (T.
E saki) .
Limonia crinita, new species.
Male.-Length about 5.5 mm.; wing, 6.3 mm.
Generally similar to l. angustistria Alexander (Northern
Japan), differing chiefly in genitalic characters.
Flead light gray. Pleural stripe even paler in color. Legs

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155

distinctly stouter, the tips of the femora broadly and conspicuously dark brown; tibiae yellowish brown, the tips narrowly dark brown; tarsi passing into dark brown. Wings witha faint brown tinge, the base and costal region a little brighter;
stigma oval, brown; paler brown seams at origin of R. andalong the cord and outer end of cell rst Mz; veins brown,veins Sr, R, Cu and the prearcular veins paler. Venation:
Sc1 ending opposite two-fifths the length of the weakly angulated R", Scs clo,seto its tip; ,r at tip of 1i1 ; basai deflectionof Cu1 at the fork of M. Abdominal segments bicolorous, alittle more than the caudai half dark brown, the liases testaceous yellow; sternites with the caudal portions a very littlebrighter than the base. Male hypopygium of a very peculiar
structure. Basistyle with the mesal {ace produced mesad into
three tubercles of various sizes, the largest one bearing a number of stout setae some of which are crenulate or so roughenerl
as to appear almost branched. Ventral dististyle with theusual rostrum replaced by a powerful, arcuated, cylindrical,
chitinized rod or arm, directed caudad and then mesad, theapex terminating in a powerful seta. Dorsal dististyle a very
powerful, gently curved, heavily chitinized rod, tapering gradually to the acute tip, the outer margin rvith weak appressed
spinulre.
Habi.tat.-Japan (Hokkaido) . Holotype, J, Shimokebo"
Hitaka-no-kuni, August 13, 7923 (S. Kuwayama).

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the terminal segments somewhat darker; flagellar verticals
relatively short. Head brownish black, sparsely pruinose.
Pronotum brownish black, the extreme lateral margin obscure yellow. Mesonotal praescutum orange-yellow with ashiny black anterior triangle, the point behind, becoming
obsolete before midlength of the sclerite; remainder of mesonotum pale orange-yellow, the scutellum even paler. Pleura
shiny obscure yellow. Halteres pale, the base of the stem
brighter. Legs with the coxae and trochanters concolorouswith the pleura; femora obscure yellow, the tips vaguely infuscated; tibiae and basitarsi brownish yellow, the terminal
segmentsof the tarsi passing into brown. Wings with a clear,light amber-yellow tinge; stigma barely indicated ; veinsbrown, those in the costal region and at the wing-base moreyellowish. Venation: Sc1 ending just before midlength of R.,
Sc2 at its tip; R" long and relatively straight ; r nearly lour
times its length from the tip of R1 ; basal deflection of Ch at
or immediately before the fork of M.
Abdomen pale reddish or testaceousyellow. Ovipositor withthe tergal valves chitinized, strongly upcurved, the basesof thevalves blackened, just before the tip on outer rnargin with anacute lateral spine, the apex thus appearing bifid; sternalvalves pale, deep at base, relatively straight.
Habitat.-Japan(Hokkaido).
Holotype, 9, Shimokebo.
Hitaka-no-kuni, August 13, 1923 (S. Kuwayama).

Limonia fusciceps,new species.

Limonia inelegans, new species.

General coloration yellow; head brorvnish black, sparselv
pruinose; antennal flageilum obscure brownish yellow;
pronotum and an anterior triangle on the mesonotal praescutum
shiny black; femora obscure yellow ; wings amber-yellow, thestigma bareiy indicated ; r far from tip of R1 ; basal deflectionof Cur at or close to fork oI M; tergal valves of ovipositor
bifid at tips.
Fernale.-Length about ?.8 mm.; wing, 9.2 mm.
Rostrum and palpi brownish black. Antennae with the basal
segment brownish black; flagellum obscure brownish yellon',

General coloration dark brown; antennae black, the flagellar
segments short-pedicellate; wings strongly tinged with brown,
the small oval stigma darker brown; Sc long, Scz at tip of Scr;cell rsf M2 srnall, subquadrate.
Female.-I*ngth, 5-5.5 mm.; wing, 5.6-6.3 mm.
Rostrum and palpi black. Antennae black throughout, theflagellar segmentsoval, each with a short, shiny, apical pedicel.
Head brown.
Mesonotum dark brown, sparsely pruinose, subshiny, thescutellum and postnotal mediotergite more heavily pruinose.

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t57

Pleura brown, sparsely pruinose. Flalteres brown, the base of
the stem yellow. Legs with the coxae obscure yellow, thefore coxae darker on outer face; femora obscure brownish
yellow, the tips a little darkened ; tibiae light brown; the basal
segments of tarsi brownish yellow, the terminal segments
passing into dark brown. Wings strongly tinged r'vith brown,
the small oval stigma clarker brown; veins clark brown. Venation: Sc1 ending opposite the f ork of R", Sc: at its tip ancl
subequal to it; R" long, evenly arcuated, about twice the lengthof the arcuated deflection of R4*b; tip of R1 obsolete or nearlyso, r bending to R2*3 and appearing to capture the tip of R1 ;cell rsf M2 small to very small, in the type broader than long;in the paratype, r-m short to subobsolete; basal cleflection of
Cur at the fork of M.
Abdominal tergites dark reddish brown, the caudal margins
indistinctly paler; sternites bicolorous, the basal half or moredark brown, the caudal half or less obscure brownish yellow.
Ovipositor with the tergal valves slender but strongly upcurved, the sternal valves shiny black at base.
Habitat.-Japan (Hokkaiclo, Honshiu). Holotype, Q, Chuzenji, Shimotsuke-no-kuni,Honshiu, altitude 4l?0 feet, July 22,
L923 (T. Esaki) - Paratype, Q, Jozankei, Ishikari-no-kuni,
Ilokkaido, altitude 1000 feet, August 16, 1923 (T. Esaki).

15 8

I
I
I

IN S E C U TOR IN S C ITI,€ME N S TR U U Sspotted with pale. Halteres broken. Legs with the coxae
reddish brown; trochanters brownish yellow ; remainder o[the legs light yellow, the tips of the tibiae and basal tarsai
segmentsfaintly darkened; terminal tarsal segmentsinfuscated.
Wings with a yellowish tinge, with a heavy ocellate pattern.
the markings arranged it.r more or less transverse bands acrossthe wings, the centers dark; basal band with arculus as acenter; second band across the base of cell R and midlengthof cell end,A; third band at level of origin of R" ; fourth bancl
very wide, at level of cord; subterminalband at level of tip oflR2 and fork of My2; wing-apex more uniformly darkened;veins yellow, dark brown in the infuscated areas. Venation:
Sc1 ending shortly beyond the fork of R", Scz about twice its
length from the tip of R1; r about its length from the tip of
Rr ; R:*s a little longer than the basal deflection of Raa5i nosupernumerary crossvein in cell R2; petiole of cell Mr variable,from about one-half to equal to the cell; basal deflection of
Cu1 belore midlength of cel'l rst X[2.
Abdomen broken.
Habitat.-Japan (Loochoo Islands). Holotype, Sex? Kunjan-gun, Okinawa, altitude 500-1000 feet, May, 1923 (S.
Sakaguchi). Paratype, Sex? Shuri, Okinawa, altitude 500 feet,
May, 7923 (S. Sakaguchi).

Limnophila dicranophragmoides, new species.

Nipponomyia, new genus.

Generally similar to a species of. Dicranophragrna but thesupernumerary crossvein in cell 1?2lacking; legs yellow ; wings
with a heavy brown pattern arranged in six transverse ocellate cross-bands.
SerZ-Wing, 6.2 mm.
Rostrum and palpi brown. Antennal scape i)rown, thebasal flagellar segment yellow, the remaining segments of the
I1agel1umpassing into brown. Head brown.
Mesonotal praescutum grayish brown with a pattern of
scattered darker brown spots and dots, representing thebroken praescutal stripes; scutal lobes with small brown centers; postnotum darkened. Pleura dark brown, vaguely

Characters as in Tricyphona, with the following exceptions:Eyes glabrous. Wings with a peculiar and very characteristic
pattern consisting of a yellow longitudinal stripe parallelingthe costal margin to the wing-tip. Sc2 far before the origin of
R"; r-m connecting with R" some distance before the fork of
the la'tter; R2*3 perpendicular at origin; in some species (N.
symphyletes, N. trispinoso) veins R2*sa4atcunited into a short
to very short nearly perpendicular fusion at the end of R". thelatter thus being in approximate alignment with Rs; fusion of
R1 and Rz extensive; petiole o'f cell Ra short to virtually lacking, in alignment with R"; cell rsf M2 closed or open; basal deflection of Cul at the fork of M. Male hypopygium with theINSCITI4MDNSTRUUS
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159

dististyle crowned with from three to twelve heavily chitinizedspines.
Genotyfe: Tricyphona kuwanai,Alexander (Japan).
Besides the genotype, the following species belong to thegenasN ip ponomyia: Tric yphona notternpunctofoSenior-White(Khasia Hills, India, altitude 4908 feet) ; T. symphyletes
Alexander (Formosa); and 7. trispinosa Alexander f,Japan'
Honshiu).