Citation: S. Navas et al. (Particle Data Group), Phys. Rev. D 110, 030001 (2024)

N(1680) 5/2+

I (J P ) = 21 ( 25 + ) Status:∗∗∗∗

Older and obsolete values are listed and referenced in the 2014 edition, Chinese Physics C38 070001 (2014).

N(1680) POLE POSITIONREAL PARTVALUE (MeV)

DOCUMENT ID

TECNCOMMENT

1660 to 1680 (≈ 1670) OUR ESTIMATE
1657± 2
ROENCHEN 22 DPWA Multichannel
1678± 5SOKHOYAN 15A DPWA Multichannel
1 SVARC
1674± 2 ± 1
14 L+P
πN → πN
1667± 5
CUTKOSKY 80 IPWA π N → π N• • • We do not use the following data for averages, fits, limits, etc. • • •
1668
HUNT
1669
ROENCHEN1660
SHKLYAR1676± 6ANISOVICH
1666± 8BATINIC
1674
ARNDT
1667
VRANA
1673
HOEHLER
1 Fit to the amplitudes of HOEHLER 79.

19
15A
13
12A
10
06
00
93

DPWA Multichannel
DPWA Multichannel
DPWA Multichannel
DPWA Multichannel
DPWA π N → N π, N η
DPWA π N → π N, η N
DPWA Multichannel
ARGD π N → π N−2×IMAGINARY PARTVALUE (MeV)

DOCUMENT ID

TECNCOMMENT

110 to 135 (≈ 120) OUR ESTIMATE
120± 1ROENCHEN 22 DPWA Multichannel
113± 4SOKHOYAN 15A DPWA Multichannel
1 SVARC129± 3± 1
14 L+P
πN → πN
110± 10
CUTKOSKY 80 IPWA π N → π N• • • We do not use the following data for averages, fits, limits, etc. • • •
118
HUNT
100
ROENCHEN98SHKLYAR113± 4ANISOVICH
135± 6
BATINIC
115
ARNDT
122
VRANA
135
HOEHLER
1 Fit to the amplitudes of HOEHLER 79.

https://pdg.lbl.gov

Page 1

19
15A
13
12A
10
06
00
93

DPWA Multichannel
DPWA Multichannel
DPWA Multichannel
DPWA Multichannel
DPWA π N → N π, N η
DPWA π N → π N, η N
DPWA Multichannel
ARGD π N → π N

Created: 5/31/2024 10:12

Citation: S. Navas et al. (Particle Data Group), Phys. Rev. D 110, 030001 (2024)

N(1680) ELASTIC POLE RESIDUEMODULUS r
VALUE (MeV)

DOCUMENT ID

TECNCOMMENT

35 to 45 (≈ 40) OUR ESTIMATE
36± 1
ROENCHEN 22 DPWA Multichannel
45± 4
SOKHOYAN 15A DPWA Multichannel
1 SVARC44± 1 ± 1
14 L+P
πN → πN
34± 2
CUTKOSKY 80 IPWA π N → π N• • • We do not use the following data for averages, fits, limits, etc. • • •34
ROENCHEN33SHKLYAR
43± 4
ANISOVICH
44
BATINIC42
ARNDT
44
HOEHLER
1 Fit to the amplitudes of HOEHLER 79.

15A
13
12A
10
06
93

DPWA Multichannel
DPWA Multichannel
DPWA Multichannel
DPWA π N → N π, N η
DPWA π N → π N, η N
ARGD π N → π N

PHASE θVALUE (◦ )DOCUMENT ID

TECNCOMMENT− 30 to − 10 (≈ − 20) OUR ESTIMATE− 31± 1ROENCHEN 22 DPWA Multichannel
5± 10
SOKHOYAN 15A DPWA Multichannel
1 SVARC− 16± 1± 1
14 L+P
πN → πN− 25± 5
CUTKOSKY 80 IPWA π N → π N• • • We do not use the following data for averages, fits, limits, etc. • • •− 19
ROENCHEN− 32
SHKLYAR− 2± 10ANISOVICH− 19
BATINIC
− 4
ARNDT
− 17
HOEHLER
1 Fit to the amplitudes of HOEHLER 79.

15A
13
12A
10
06
93

DPWA Multichannel
DPWA Multichannel
DPWA Multichannel
DPWA π N → N π, N η
DPWA π N → π N, η N
ARGD π N → π N

N(1680) INELASTIC POLE RESIDUE
The “normalized residue” is the residue divided by Γpole /2.

Normalized residue in N π → N(1680) → ∆ π, P-wave
MODULUSPHASE (◦ )DOCUMENT ID

TECNCOMMENT

0.15± 0.03
− 60 ± 30
SOKHOYAN 15A DPWA Multichannel• • • We do not use the following data for averages, fits, limits, etc. • • •0.15± 0.03

− 70 ± 45

ANISOVICH

12A DPWA Multichannel

Normalized residue in N π → N(1680) → ∆ π, F-wave
MODULUSPHASE (◦ )DOCUMENT ID

TECNCOMMENT

0.23± 0.04
90 ± 12SOKHOYAN 15A DPWA Multichannel• • • We do not use the following data for averages, fits, limits, etc. • • •0.23± 0.04

85 ± 15

https://pdg.lbl.gov

ANISOVICH

Page 2

12A DPWA Multichannel

Created: 5/31/2024 10:12

Citation: S. Navas et al. (Particle Data Group), Phys. Rev. D 110, 030001 (2024)

Normalized residue in N π → N(1680) → N η
MODULUSPHASE (◦ )DOCUMENT ID

TECNCOMMENT

0.006± 0.004
118 ± 1ROENCHEN 22 DPWA Multichannel• • • We do not use the following data for averages, fits, limits, etc. • • •
0.027

136

ROENCHEN

15A DPWA Multichannel

Normalized residue in N π → N(1680) → Λ K
MODULUSPHASE (◦ )DOCUMENT ID

TECNCOMMENT

0.006± 0.001− 119 ± 2
ROENCHEN 22 DPWA Multichannel• • • We do not use the following data for averages, fits, limits, etc. • • •
0.001

90

ROENCHEN

15A DPWA Multichannel

Normalized residue in N π → N(1680) → Σ K
MODULUSPHASE (◦ )DOCUMENT ID

TECNCOMMENT

0.001± 0.001− 46 ± 15
ROENCHEN 22 DPWA Multichannel• • • We do not use the following data for averages, fits, limits, etc. • • •
0.004

148

ROENCHEN

15A DPWA Multichannel=0Normalized residue in N π → N(1680) → N (ππ)IS−wave
MODULUSPHASE (◦ )DOCUMENT ID

TECNCOMMENT0.29± 0.06
− 45 ± 15
SOKHOYAN 15A DPWA Multichannel• • • We do not use the following data for averages, fits, limits, etc. • • •0.26± 0.04

− 56 ± 15

ANISOVICH

12A DPWA Multichannel

N(1680) BREIT-WIGNER MASSVALUE (MeV)

1680

DOCUMENT ID

TECNCOMMENT

to 1690 (≈ 1685) OUR ESTIMATE

1686 ± 5
GOLOVATCH 19 DPWA γ p → π + π − p11681.0± 0.1
HUNT
19 DPWA Multichannel
1690 ± 5
SOKHOYAN 15A DPWA Multichannel
1 SHKLYAR
1676 ± 2
13 DPWA Multichannel
1 ARNDT
1680.1± 0.2
06 DPWA π N → π N, η N
1680 ± 10
CUTKOSKY 80 IPWA π N → π N
1684 ± 3
HOEHLER
79 IPWA π N → π N• • • We do not use the following data for averages, fits, limits, etc. • • •1689 ± 6
1682.7± 0.51680 ± 71679 ± 3
1 Statistical error only.

ANISOVICH
1 SHRESTHABATINIC
VRANA

12A
12A
10
00

DPWA Multichannel
DPWA Multichannel
DPWA π N → N π, N η
DPWA Multichannel

N(1680) BREIT-WIGNER WIDTHVALUE (MeV)115

DOCUMENT ID

TECNCOMMENT

to 130 (≈ 120) OUR ESTIMATE

118 ± 20123 ± 3119 ± 4https://pdg.lbl.gov

GOLOVATCH 19 DPWA γ p → π + π − p
1 HUNT
19 DPWA Multichannel
SOKHOYAN 15A DPWA Multichannel

Page 3Created: 5/31/2024 10:12

Citation: S. Navas et al. (Particle Data Group), Phys. Rev. D 110, 030001 (2024)

1 SHKLYAR
115 ± 113 DPWA Multichannel
1
128.0± 1.1
ARNDT
06 DPWA π N → π N, η N
120 ± 10
CUTKOSKY 80 IPWA π N → π N
128 ± 8
HOEHLER
79 IPWA π N → π N• • • We do not use the following data for averages, fits, limits, etc. • • •118 ± 6126 ± 1142 ± 7128 ± 91 Statistical error only.

ANISOVICH
1 SHRESTHABATINIC
VRANA

12A
12A
10
00

DPWA Multichannel
DPWA Multichannel
DPWA π N → N π, N η
DPWA Multichannel

N(1680) DECAY MODES
The following branching fractions are our estimates, not fits or averages.

Γ1
Γ2
Γ3
Γ4
Γ5
Γ6
Γ7
Γ8
Γ9
Γ10
Γ11
Γ12
Γ13
Γ14
Γ15
Γ16

Mode

Fraction (Γi /Γ)

Nπ
Nη
Nππ
∆(1232)π∆(1232)π , P-wave∆(1232)π , F-waveNρN ρ , S=3/2 , P-wave
N ρ , S=3/2 , F-wave
Nσpγ
p γ , helicity=1/2
p γ , helicity=3/2nγn γ , helicity=1/2
n γ , helicity=3/2

60–70 %
<1 %28–53 %
11–23 %
4–10 %
1–13 %
8–11 %
6–8 %2–3 %9–19 %
0.21–0.32 %0.001–0.011 %0.20–0.32 %0.021–0.046 %0.004–0.029 %0.01–0.024 %N(1680) BRANCHING RATIOSΓ N π /Γtotal
VALUE (%)

Γ1 /ΓDOCUMENT ID

60 to 70 (≈ 65) OUR ESTIMATE
1 HUNT
68.0± 0.1
62 ± 4SOKHOYAN
1 SHKLYAR
68 ± 1
1 ARNDT70.1± 0.1
62 ± 5
CUTKOSKY
65 ± 2
HOEHLER

https://pdg.lbl.gov

Page 4

TECN

19
15A
13
06
80
79

COMMENTDPWA Multichannel
DPWA Multichannel
DPWA Multichannel
DPWA π N → π N, η N
IPWA π N → π N
IPWA π N → π N

Created: 5/31/2024 10:12

Citation: S. Navas et al. (Particle Data Group), Phys. Rev. D 110, 030001 (2024)• • • We do not use the following data for averages, fits, limits, etc. • • •64 ± 568.0± 0.567 ± 369 ± 2
1 Statistical error only.

ANISOVICH
1 SHRESTHABATINIC
VRANA

12A
12A
10
00

DPWA Multichannel
DPWA Multichannel
DPWA π N → N π, N η
DPWA MultichannelΓ N η /Γtotal
VALUE (%)

Γ2 /ΓDOCUMENT ID

TECNCOMMENT0.2 ± 0.1
MUELLER
20 DPWA Multichannel
1 HUNT
0.09± 0.02
19 DPWA Multichannel<1
SHKLYAR
13 DPWA Multichannel+
0.35
0.15 − 0.10
TIATOR
99 DPWA γ p → p η• • • We do not use the following data for averages, fits, limits, etc. • • •1 SHRESTHA
1.0 ± 0.3
12A DPWA Multichannel
0.4 ± 0.2<1
0 ±1
1 Statistical error only.

BATINIC
THOMA
VRANA

10
08
00

DPWA π N → N π, N η
DPWA Multichannel
DPWA MultichannelΓ N π π /Γtotal

Γ3 /Γ

VALUE (%)

DOCUMENT ID

TECN

28–53 % OUR ESTIMATE
24± 4

COMMENTGOLOVATCH 19

DPWA γ p → π + π − pΓ ∆(1232)π , P-wave /Γtotal
VALUE (%)

Γ5 /ΓDOCUMENT ID

TECNCOMMENT

1 HUNT
13 ± 119 DPWA Multichannel
7 ±3
SOKHOYAN 15A DPWA Multichannel• • • We do not use the following data for averages, fits, limits, etc. • • •5 ±3
10.5± 0.9
14 ± 3
1 Statistical error only.

ANISOVICH
1 SHRESTHAVRANA12A DPWA Multichannel
12A DPWA Multichannel
00 DPWA MultichannelΓ ∆(1232)π , F-wave /Γtotal
VALUE (%)

Γ6 /ΓDOCUMENT ID

TECNCOMMENT

1 HUNT< 0.3
19 DPWA Multichannel
10 ± 3SOKHOYAN 15A DPWA Multichannel• • • We do not use the following data for averages, fits, limits, etc. • • •10 ± 31.0± 0.1
1 ±1
1 Statistical error only.

https://pdg.lbl.gov

ANISOVICH
1 SHRESTHA
VRANAPage 5

12A DPWA Multichannel
12A DPWA Multichannel
00 DPWA Multichannel

Created: 5/31/2024 10:12

Citation: S. Navas et al. (Particle Data Group), Phys. Rev. D 110, 030001 (2024)Γ N ρ , S=3/2 , P-wave /Γtotal
VALUE (%)

Γ8 /ΓDOCUMENT ID

6–8 % OUR ESTIMATE
7± 1
1 Statistical error only.

1 HUNT

TECN

19COMMENTDPWA MultichannelΓ N ρ , S=3/2 , F-wave /Γtotal
VALUE (%)

Γ9 /ΓDOCUMENT ID

2–3 % OUR ESTIMATE
2.4± 0.4
1 Statistical error only.

1 HUNT

TECN

19COMMENTDPWA MultichannelΓ N σ /Γtotal

Γ10 /ΓVALUE (%)

DOCUMENT ID

TECNCOMMENT

1 HUNT8.7± 1.5
19 DPWA Multichannel
14 ± 5SOKHOYAN 15A DPWA Multichannel• • • We do not use the following data for averages, fits, limits, etc. • • •14 ± 79.4± 0.89 ±1
1 Statistical error only.

ANISOVICH
1 SHRESTHAVRANA12A DPWA Multichannel
12A DPWA Multichannel
00 DPWA Multichannel

N(1680) PHOTON DECAY AMPLITUDES AT THE POLE
N(1680) → p γ , helicity-1/2 amplitude A1/2
MODULUS (GeV−1/2 )PHASE (◦ )DOCUMENT ID

TECNCOMMENT− 0.017± 0.003
70 ± 7
ROENCHEN 22 DPWA Multichannel− 0.013± 0.003− 20 ± 17
SOKHOYAN 15A DPWA Multichannel• • • We do not use the following data for averages, fits, limits, etc. • • •− 0.022− 28

ROENCHEN

15A DPWA Multichannel

N(1680) → p γ , helicity-3/2 amplitude A3/2
MODULUS (GeV−1/2 )PHASE (◦ )DOCUMENT ID

TECNCOMMENT

0.095± 0.003− 57 ± 4
ROENCHEN 22 DPWA Multichannel
0.135± 0.005
1±3
SOKHOYAN 15A DPWA Multichannel• • • We do not use the following data for averages, fits, limits, etc. • • •
0.102

− 11

ROENCHEN

15A DPWA Multichannel

N(1680) → n γ , helicity-1/2 amplitude A1/2
MODULUS (GeV−1/2 )PHASE (◦ )DOCUMENT ID

0.032± 0.003−7 ± 5ANISOVICHTECNCOMMENT

17E DPWA Multichannel

N(1680) → n γ , helicity-3/2 amplitude A3/2
MODULUS (GeV−1/2 )PHASE (◦ )DOCUMENT ID− 0.063± 0.004− 10 ± 5

ANISOVICH

https://pdg.lbl.gov

Page 6TECNCOMMENT

17E DPWA Multichannel

Created: 5/31/2024 10:12

Citation: S. Navas et al. (Particle Data Group), Phys. Rev. D 110, 030001 (2024)

N(1680) BREIT-WIGNER PHOTON DECAY AMPLITUDESN(1680) → p γ , helicity-1/2 amplitude A1/2
VALUE (GeV−1/2 )DOCUMENT ID

TECNCOMMENT− 0.018 to − 0.005 (≈ − 0.010) OUR ESTIMATE− 0.0278± 0.0036
GOLOVATCH 19 DPWA γ p → π + π − p
1 HUNT− 0.026 ± 0.004
19 DPWA Multichannel− 0.015 ± 0.002
SOKHOYAN 15A DPWA Multichannel
1 SHKLYAR
0.003 ± 0.001
13 DPWA Multichannel
1 WORKMAN− 0.007 ± 0.002
12A DPWA γ N → N π
1 DUGGER− 0.017 ± 0.001
07 DPWA γ N → π N• • • We do not use the following data for averages, fits, limits, etc. • • •− 0.013 ± 0.003− 0.017 ± 0.001− 0.025
1 Statistical error only.

ANISOVICH
1 SHRESTHADRECHSEL

12A DPWA Multichannel
12A DPWA Multichannel
07 DPWA γ N → π N

N(1680) → p γ , helicity-3/2 amplitude A3/2
VALUE (GeV−1/2 )DOCUMENT ID

TECNCOMMENT

0.130 to 0.140 (≈ 0.135) OUR ESTIMATE
0.128± 0.011
GOLOVATCH 19 DPWA γ p → π + π − p10.112± 0.005
HUNT
19 DPWA Multichannel
0.136± 0.005
SOKHOYAN 15A DPWA Multichannel
1 SHKLYAR
0.116± 0.001
13 DPWA Multichannel
1 WORKMAN
0.140± 0.002
12A DPWA γ N → N π
1 DUGGER
0.134± 0.002
07 DPWA γ N → π N• • • We do not use the following data for averages, fits, limits, etc. • • •0.135± 0.006
0.136± 0.001
0.134
1 Statistical error only.

ANISOVICH
1 SHRESTHADRECHSEL

12A DPWA Multichannel
12A DPWA Multichannel
07 DPWA γ N → π N

N(1680) → n γ , helicity-1/2 amplitude A1/2
VALUE (GeV−1/2 )DOCUMENT ID

TECNCOMMENT

0.020 to 0.040 (≈ 0.030) OUR ESTIMATE
1 HUNT
0.005± 0.004
19 DPWA Multichannel
0.033± 0.003
ANISOVICH
17E DPWA Multichannel
1 CHEN
0.026± 0.004
12A DPWA γ N → π N• • • We do not use the following data for averages, fits, limits, etc. • • •0.034± 0.006
0.029± 0.002
0.028
1 Statistical error only.

ANISOVICH
1 SHRESTHADRECHSEL

13B DPWA Multichannel
12A DPWA Multichannel
07 DPWA γ N → π N

N(1680) → n γ , helicity-3/2 amplitude A3/2
VALUE (GeV−1/2 )DOCUMENT ID− 0.050 to − 0.025 (≈ − 0.035) OUR ESTIMATE
1 HUNT− 0.061± 0.004− 0.063± 0.004
ANISOVICH
1 CHEN− 0.029± 0.002

https://pdg.lbl.gov

Page 7TECNCOMMENT

19 DPWA Multichannel
17E DPWA Multichannel
12A DPWA γ N → π N

Created: 5/31/2024 10:12

Citation: S. Navas et al. (Particle Data Group), Phys. Rev. D 110, 030001 (2024)• • • We do not use the following data for averages, fits, limits, etc. • • •− 0.044± 0.009− 0.059± 0.002− 0.038
1 Statistical error only.

ANISOVICH
1 SHRESTHADRECHSEL

13B DPWA Multichannel
12A DPWA Multichannel
07 DPWA γ N → π N

N(1680) REFERENCES
For early references, see Physics Letters 111B 1 (1982). For very earlyreferences, see Reviews of Modern Physics 37 633 (1965).
ROENCHENMUELLERGOLOVATCH
HUNT
ANISOVICH
ROENCHENSOKHOYANPDG
SVARC
ANISOVICHSHKLYARANISOVICHCHEN
SHRESTHA
WORKMANBATINICTHOMADRECHSELDUGGER
ARNDT
VRANA
TIATOR
HOEHLER
CUTKOSKY
Also
HOEHLER
Also

22
20
19
19
17E
15A
15A
14
14
13B
13
12A
12A
12A
12A
10
08
07
07
06
00
99
93
80
79

EPJ A58 229
PL B803 135323
PL B788 371
PR C99 055205
PR C96 055202
EPJ A51 70
EPJ A51 95
CP C38 070001
PR C89 045205
EPJ A49 67
PR C87 015201
EPJ A48 15
PR C86 015206
PR C86 055203
PR C86 015202
PR C82 038203
PL B659 87
EPJ A34 69
PR C76 025211
PR C74 045205
PRPL 328 181
PR C60 035210
π N Newsletter 9 1
Toronto Conf. 19
PR D20 2839
PDAT 12-1
Toronto Conf. 3

https://pdg.lbl.gov

D. Roenchen et al.
(JULI, GWU, BONN+)
J. Mueller et al.
(CBELSA/TAPS Collab.)
E. Golovatch et al.
(CLAS Collab.)
B.C. Hunt, D.M. Manley
A.V. Anisovich et al.
(BONN, PNPI, JLAB+)
D. Roenchen et al.
V. Sokhoyan et al.
(CBELSA/TAPS Collab.)
K. Olive et al.
(PDG Collab.)
A. Svarc et al.
(RBI Zagreb, UNI Tuzla)
A.V. Anisovich et al.
V. Shklyar, H. Lenske, U. Mosel(GIES)
A.V. Anisovich et al.
(BONN, PNPI)W. Chen et al.
(DUKE, GWU, MSST, ITEP+)
M. Shrestha, D.M. Manley(KSU)
R. Workman et al.
(GWU)
M. Batinic et al.
(ZAGR)
U. Thoma et al.
(CB-ELSA Collab.)
D. Drechsel, S.S. Kamalov, L. Tiator(MAINZ, JINR)
M. Dugger et al.
(JLab CLAS Collab.)
R.A. Arndt et al.
(GWU)
T.P. Vrana, S.A. Dytman, T.-S.H. Lee(PITT, ANL)
L. Tiator et al.
G. Hohler(KARL)
R.E. Cutkosky et al.
(CMU, LBL) IJP
R.E. Cutkosky et al.
(CMU, LBL) IJP
G. Hohler et al.
(KARLT) IJP
R. Koch(KARLT) IJP

Page 8Created: 5/31/2024 10:12