i-lr:IIFS{RII}iili
f RAl{F: i"ri"iES FIt$:1'i i',|:i,}iOgA
i.llZ0li
iTIPIIi,II),41. illPT]:.]];;A:L!
"tril!t_.\::

ii !1..
'i^{iF f}li{it1 1i"l',:h:t,,i}'jt.}

Tur PUTIIPPTNE

JounNALoF ScmNcn
YoL.22

MAY, 1923

No. 5

UNDESCRIBED CRANE FLIES FROM FORMOSA AND
LUZON (TIPULIDA, DIPTERA)
By Cnlnlos

P. Ar,urlNopn

Of Amherst, Massachusetts
All but one of the new species of crane flies described in thepresent paper were collected in Formosa (Taiwan) by Dr. Teiso

Esaki during his recent collecting trip (August to October, 1921)
to that island. The majority of these species were collectedin the high mountains, which support a rich endemic tipulid
fauna. The interesting new Pselliophora was collected by Dean
C. F. Baker in northern Luzon. My thanks are extended toDoctor Esaki and Dean Baker for the privilege of studying thesehighly important collections. The Formosan types are preserved in my collection through the generosity of Doctor Esaki.
trichocera flavoidessp. nov.
General coloration pale yellow, the terminal segments of thepalpi, the antennal flagellum, and the legs pale brown; wings
pale yellow.
Femq,le.-T-ength, 3.2 millimeters; wing, 3.5 to 3.6. Rostrum
and basal segment of palpus yellow, the remainder of the palpi
dark brown. Antennal scape light yellow, the flagellum pale
brown. Head pale yellow.
Mesonotum almost white, the pleura pale yellow. Halteres
pale yellowish white. Legs with the coxe and trochanters paleyellow; remainder of the legs pale brownish testaceous. Wings
with a pale yellow tinge; veins pale. Venation: Sc, ending
opposite the fork of Rr*r; Rr*, about equal to the first sectionof Rr; basal deflection of Rn*u very short, oblique; cell lst M,very nanow, the inner end acutely pointed; m-cu longer thanm, almost in aligrrment with Mr*n, beyond midlength of cell lst
Mr; basal deflection of Cu, about one-half its length beyond thefork of Mr*n.
Abdomen pale yellow; ovipositor with the valves pale.
Habi,tat.-Formosa.
Holotype, female, Tattaka, altitude about 7,400 feet (about
2,250 meters), August L7, L92I (7. Esaki). Paratopotypes, 1
female, with the type; 1 female, August t9, 192!.
Trichocera flaaoid,es is perhaps only a variety of T. fl'auo
Brunetti of northern India, but there are some venational andcolorational characters that seem to be of more than subspecificimportance. Tri.chocera fl,oaais the same as Paracladtna gracili,sBrunetti, an earlier name, but as there is already a Trichocera
gracili,s Walker, the name fl,aaa sholuld be used.
Libnotes rubopacasp. nov.
General coloration orang+yellow; femora obscure yellow, thetips broadly dark brown; wings with a strong fulvous tinge,
the stigma and a small apical spot darker brown; basal deflection of Cu, at two-fifths the length of cell 1st M,.
Male.-Length, 10 millimeters, wing, 13.?. Rostrum darkbrown; palpi brownish black. Antenna dark brown, the second
scapal segment obscure brownish yellow. Head saturated fulvous yellow; vertex between the eyes narrow.
Mesonotal pnescutum orange'yellow, the remainder of thenotum and the pleura more yellow. Halteres dark brown, thebase of the stem narrowly yellow. Legs with the coxa andtrochanters yellow; femora obscure yellow, the tips broadly
dark brown; tibirc yellow, the tips narrowly darkened; tarsi
yellowish brown, the terminal segments dark brown. Wings
with a strong fulvous tinge; stigma conspicuous, elongate,
brown; extreme tip of the wing in cells 2d R,, R,, and Ru
narrowly infuscated; veins dark brown. Venation: Sc, at tipof Sc, ; r long, bent almost at a right angle; m and outer deflection of M, subequal in length, the inner ends of the cells inalignment; basal deflection of Cu, at two-fifths the length of celllst M,.
AMomen orange-yellow, the lateral line narrowly infuscated;hypopygium dark brown.
Habi,tat.-Formosa.
Holotype, male, Urai, altitude about 1,500 feet (about 450
meters), October 1,1921 (T. Esald).

Libnotes subopaca is most closely related to L. opaca Bezzi,of Luzon.
Dicranomyiatattaka sp. nov.
General coloration gray, the mesonotal pr'rescutum with three
more or less confluent dark brown stripes; pleura with a narrow
black longitudinal stripe; wings faintly tinged with gray;brown spots at arculus, at origin of Rs and at the stigma;
veins beyond cell 1st M, short.
Male.-Length, about 5 millimeters; wing, 7.2. Rostrum andpalpi brownish black. Antennre dark brownish black throughout. Head light gray.
Mesonotal prascutum yellowish gray with three dark brown
stripes, the anterior ends of the lateral stripes confluent with themedian stripe, restricting the interspaces to linear stripes before
the suture; humeral region clearer gray; scutum gray, the lobes
dark brown; remainder of the mesonotum dark brown, sparsely
pruinose. Pleura dark gray with a very narrow but conspicuous
black longitudinal stripe extending from above the fore coxa
to the base of the abdomen, passing: immediately ventrad of
the root of the halteres. Halteres obscure yellow, the knobs
a little darker. Legs with the coxe dark, sparsely pruinose;
trochanters brown; femora brown, the extreme bases pale, thetips broadly blackened, the extreme apices indistinctly pale;tibie and metatarsi brown, the tips blackened; remainder of
the tarsi black. Wings with a faint gray tinge, sparsely spotted with brown ; a conspicuousspot at arculus; a second spot at
origin of Rs; stigma small, subcircular in outline; narrowbrown seams along the cord and outer end of cell lst Mr; anal
angle faintly infuscated; veins brown, those in the costal
region a little more yellowish. Venation: Sc short, Sc, ending
opposite the origin of Rs, Sc, at its tip; Rs feebly angulate atorigin, not quite twice the deflection of R u*u; cell 1st M, longand narrow, Ionger than any of the veins issuing from it, morethan twice the distal section of Cu,; basal deflection of Cu,
before the fork of M, the distance a little longer than r-m.
Abdomen dark brown. Male hypopygium with the ventral
pleural appendage large, produced into a conspicuous rostrum
that bears two spines; mesal face of pleurite produced into a
conical lobe, the mesal face and apex of which is setiferous.
Habi,tat.-Formosa.
Holotype, male, Tattaka, altitude about 7,400 feet (about
2,250 meters), August 16, 1921 (T. Esaki,).

1e23

470

The Philippine Jou,rnal of Sci'ence

Di,cronoryia
Japan.

tattakn is related ta D. basifusco Alexander, of

Dicranomyiacurvispina sP. nov.
General coloration obscure yellow; head black; wing:s with astrong brownish tinge, the stigma darker; Sc long, cell 1st M,
closed; abdominal tergites dark brown, the sternites bicolorous;
mesal pleural appendage of male hypopygium bearing ,a long,
curved spine.
Male.-Length, 6 millimeters; wing, 7.5. Rostrum and palpi
black. Antennre dark brown, the flagellar segments elongate'
Head dark brown.
Pronotum dark medially, obscure yellow laterally. Mesonotal
prescutum shiny yellow, broadly infuscated on the cephalicmargin; remainder of the mesonotum obscure yellow. Pleura
yellow, the dorsal sclerites a little infuscated. Halteres elongate,
brown, a little paler at the extreme base of the stem. Legs withthe coxa and trochanters yellow; femora pale brown, the tips
broadly darkened; tibire and tarsi dark brown. Wings with astrong brown tinge; stigma oval, darker brown; veins darkbrown. Venation: Sc moderately long, Se, ending just before
one-third the length of Rs, Sc, at its tip; Rs long, almo'st straight;
r at tip of R,; inner end of cell R, far proximad of cell Rr; cell Lst
M, pentagonal, gently widened distally; m about two-thirds theouter deflection of Mr; distal section of Mr., longer than celllst M,; basal deflection of Cu, onehalf longer than Cu.,
situated some distance beyond the fork of M.
Abdominal tergites dark brown; sternites obscure yellow, theincisures conspicuously dark brown, increasing in extent on thesubterminal segments. Male hypopygrum obscure brownish
yellow. Mesal pleural appendage bearing a single, very longand conspicuous spine far before the tip, tJris strongly bent near
one-third its length, the apical two-thirds appearing as a long,
black spine
Habitat.-Formosa.
Holotype, male, Tattaka, altitude about 7,400 feet (about
2,250 meters), August 18, 1921 (7. Esaki').
Molophilusarisanus sP. nov.
General coloration brown; antenna short; wings uniformly
tinged with brown; vein 2d A ending far beyond the basal
deflection of Cu,; male hypopygium with the inner pleuralappeuclage bifid.

zz,5Alenander: Crane Flies from Formosa and Luzon

47I

Male.-Length,
3.1 millimeters; wing, 4.5. Rostrum palc
brown, the palpi brownish black. Antenne short, if bent backward not attaining the wing root, pale brownish testaceous, thc
basal segment darker. Head grayish brown.
Mesonotum brown, the prrescutum darker brown medially,
the lateral margins narrowly whitish. Pleura pale brown withindications of a darker brom, longitudinal stfipe. Halteresyellow. Legs with the coxa and trochanters yellow, the posterior coxe dark; remainder of the legs dark brown. Wings
tinged with brown, the macrotrichia dark browa. Venation:
Vein 2d A elongate, ending far beyond the basal deflection ofCur.
Abdomen dark brown, the hypopygium only a little paler.
Male hypopygium with the outer pleural appendage slender,
slightly curved to the long, acute, black tip; inner appendage
complex, before the apex split into two long spines.
Habi,tat.-Formosa.
Holotype, male, Arisan, altitude 7,362 feet (about 2,250
meters), August 24,7921 (7. Esaki).
Erioptera (Erioptera) rogersi sp. nov.
General coloration pale yellowish white; antenna yellow, thefirst scapal segment dark; femora pale fulvous with a snowy
white ring before the tips; tibire yellow, the bases narrowly
white; wings pale fulvous yellow, narrowly darker along: thecord,Male.-Length,
4.5 millimeters; wing, 4.6. Rostrum andpalpi pale brown. Antenne with the basal segment pale brown,
the remainder of the organ light yellow. Head pale cream color,
covered with a microscopic white bloom; eyes of male large,
contiguous beneath.
Pronotum and mesonotum almost white, immaculate. Pleura
pale yellowish white. Halteres pale yellow. Legs with thc
coxa and trochanters concolorous with the pleura; femora palefulvous, paler at base, immediately before the tips with anarrow, snow-white band which is provided with snowy whitc
sete, the extreme apex narrowly darkened; tibia yellow, thc
extreme base snowy white; tarsi yellow. Wings pale fulvous
yellow with indications of a broad, paler band before the cord,
the latter narrowly seamed with darker; veins yellow with fulvous macrotrichia, darker colored in the infuscated area.
Venation: As in the subg:enus,vein 2d A strongly sinuous.

472

The Phi,tippine Jownal of Sei'ence

1e28

Abdomen pale whitish yellow, the sternites beyond the basea little more saturated; a narrow' brown, lateral line on thebasal half of the abdomen. Male hypopygium with the pleurites unusually elongate, each pleural appendage very long andslender, the acute tip slightly curved. The gonapophyses appear as two short, curved horns on either side, the tips directed
mesad.
Habitat.-Formosa.
Holotype, male, Kanshirei, altitude about 1,000 feet (about
300 meters), September 10, 1.92L (T. Esaki).
This handsome Eri'optera is named in honor of my friend
Prof. J. Speed Rogers, in appreciation of his critical studies on
the Nearctic species of Eri'aptera,
GnophomyiabrevicellulasP. nov.
General coloration dark brown; antenne of the male elongate,densely pubescent; wings grayish subhyaline; r-m before thefork of Rs; the veins issuing from cell lst M, very long, theshortest two and one-half times the length of the cell; basal
deflection of Cu, at midlength of the cell'
Male.-I'ength, 5.5 millimeters; wing, 6. Rostrum and palpi
obscure brownish yellow. Antennre elongate, if bent backward
extending nearly to the base of the third abdominal segment,
light brown, the elongate flagellar segtnents densely clothedwith an erect white pubescence. Head brown'
Pronotum obscure yellow laterally. Mesonotum dark brown,rather shiny. Pleura brown with a narrow, ventral, graY,
longitudinal stripe; sternites testaceous. Halteres dark brown.
Legs with the coxre and trochanters testaceous; remainder ofthe legs dark brown' Wings grayish subhyaline, the veinsdark brown; stigma little evident. Venation: Sc long, Sc,
ending beyond the fork of Rr*r; Rs gently arcuated, r-m connecting with Rs about one-half its own length before the forkof Rs; basal section of R, a little shorter than r-m; cell lst M,
small, elongate, widened distally, m a little shorter than theouter deflection of M,; veins issuing from cell lst M, very
long, the shortest (distal section of cu,) two and one-half times
the cell; basal deflection of Cu, near midlength of the cell'
Abdominal tergites dark brown, the sternites paler' Male
hypopygium with the longest pleural appendage a long, slender,
somewhat flattened blade.

22,$

Alerander: Crane Flies from Formosa and Luzon

413

Habitat.-Formosa.
Holotype, male, Tattaka, altitude about 7,400 feet
2,250 meters), August 16, L92I (T. Esaki).

(aboutXipholimnobiafonnosensissp. nov.
General coloration pale brown, the mesonotal seutellum andpostnotum dark brown, dusted with gray; pleura brown witha nanow, longitudinal, silvery gray stripe; legs brown; wings
with a uniform brown tinge; distal section of R, entirely atrophied; abdomen dark brown, the valves of the ovipositor a little
less than one-half the length of the abdomen.
Female.-Length, about 4 millimeters: wing, 3.5. Rostrum
and palpi brown. Antenna pale brown. Head brown.
Mesonotal prescutum pale brown, the median area of the
scutum light gray, the lobes concolorous with the prescutum;
scutellum and postnotum dark brown, sparsely dusted withgray. Pleura brown with a narrow, longitudinal, silvery graystripe extending to the base of the abdomen. Halteres withthe sternites obscure yellow, the knobs dark brown. Legs withthe coxa small, testaceous; trochanters testaceous; remainderof the legs brown. Wings with a uniform bro;rvnish tinge;
stigma lacking; veins pale brown. Venation: Sc long, Sc, ending: about opposite four-fifths the length of the long Rs, Sc,
subobsolete, a short distance from the tip of Sc,, the latter
alone about equal to m; distal section of R, entirely atrophied
as in the genus, the vein appearing to end in Rr; r provided
with two macrotricha; Rs in alignment with Rr,r; basal section of R, perpendicular; inner ends of cells R' Ru, and 1st
M, in alignment; cell 1st M, gently widened distally, m and theouter deflection of Mu subequal; basal deflection of Cu, near fourfifths the ]ength of the caudal face of cell lst M,.
Abdomen dark brown, the valves of, the ovipositor concolorous. Ovipositor with the valves a little less than half the
Iength of the abdomen, long and straight as in the genus.
Habi,tat.-Formosa.
Holotype, female, Kanshirei, altitude about 1,000 feet (about
300 meters), September 10, l92L (7. Esaki).
Xipholimnobia formosensis agrees elosely with the genotype,
X, terebri.no Alexander, of West Africa, and there is no doubt
as to the correctness of the generic reference. The chief venational peeuliarities of the genus are the atrophy of the distal

474

The Phi,Ii,ppine Jownalof Sctence

1e28

section of R, with the corresponding appearanceof vein R,
enrling in vein R, as in most cylindrotominre, and the positionof thJ basal deflectionof Cu, near the outer end of cell lst Mr.
The valves of the ovipositor in the present species are very
long and slender, but not so excessivelyso as in the genotype'
sp' nov'
Trentepohlia(Trentepohlia)pulchripennis
partof the vertex obscureanterior
Head dark brown, thelight yellow, the postmesonotum
yellow; antenna dark brown;
wings whitish
darkbrown;
notum dark brown; pleura broadly
variegatedcrossbands
hyaline with three conspicuousbrownwith white spots.
Male.-Length, 5.5 millimeters; wing, 5.6.
Fernale.-Length, 6 millimeters; wing, 5.3.
Rostrum and palpi dark brown; mouth parts obscureyellow.
Antenne dark brown, the basal flagellar segmentsfeebly bicolorous,the basespaler than the remainder of each segtnent.
Head dark brown, the anterior part of the vertex obscureyellow.
Pronotum brownish black. Mesonotal prescutum light yellow, unmarked; scutum and scutellum obscurebrownish yellow;
postnotum dark brown with a small, obscure yellow, medianspot before the caudal margin. Pleura dark brown, the sternum and the dorsal pleurites obscure yellow. Halteres yellow,
the knobs dark brown. Legs with the fore coxe brown; hindcoxe yellow, brown basally; remainder of the legs obscureyellow; no conspicuousarmature on femora or tibie. Wings
whitish hyaline with a very heaw dark brown pattern; basepale; a basal brown band across the wing, from iust beyondh, including almost all of cell 2d A; a very broad bro;rrn bandat the level of the origin of Rs, extending from before Rs tojust beyond the tip of Sc,, including cells C, Sc, lst R' (thelatter with a pale spot in the male), the outer ends of cells R
and M except large white blotches; in cells Cu and 1st A theband is much paler, grayish; remainder of the eord andthe base of cell R, conspicuouslydarkened; the apical band isentirely separate from the middle band, including the distal
two-thirds of cell 2d R, all of cell R, except an oval spot near
the tip of R, and the extreme apex; the distal two-thirds ofcell R, except the extreme apex; all of eell Ru except an oval
spot in the base and the extreme apex; outer two-thirds ofcell M, darkened; outer angle of cell Cu, slightly paler brown;veins dark brown in the infuscated areas, yellowish elsewhere.

22,6

Alerand,er: Crane tr'lies from Formosa and' Luzon

475

Venation: r very short,less than the tip of R'.beyond it; petioleof cell Ru a little longer than the basal section of Mr*r.
Abdomen dark brown, the basal sternites and the hypopygrum obscure brownish yellow. Ovipositor with the valvesconspicuously yellow.
Habitat.-Forrnosa.
Holotype, male, Musha, altitude about 3,500 feet (about 1,050
meters), August L5, L92l (T. Esaki). Allotype, female, Sumadn, altitude about 2,500 feet (about 760 meters), August 21,
t921 (7. Esaki,).
Trentepoh,li,a pulch,ri,pennis is related to T. ornatipennis Branetti, of southwestern India, and T. pi,cti'pennis Bezzi, of Luzon,in the general character of the wing pattern, but is distinct
from any described species.
Trentepohlia(Mongoma)esakii sp. nov.
Female.-Length, 9 millimeters; wing, 7.7. Allied to T, (M.)
penni,pes (Osten Sacken), differing as follows: Head dark gray,the occiput obscure yellow. Mesonotal prrescutum brown, thelateral margins and humeral angles narrowly obscure yellow.
Legs with the femora pale brown, the tips rather narrowly(1 millimeter) white; tibie dark brown, the tips broadly white,on the middle legs occupying about the distal third of the segment; tarsi white. The white distal third of the midtibia isdistinctly fringed with conspicuous white setre as in t}:,e pennipes gtoup. Midfemur with about nine stout spines near thebase, with other additional spines arranged in a row, these
becoming more elongate and more distant from one anothertoward the outer end of the sclerite, the apical ones appearing
bristlelike. Wings whitish subhyaline; veins brown. Venation : Sc, about equal to R, i r a little more than its leneth
before the fork of Rr*r; R, gently sinuous.
Habitat.-Formbsa.
Holotype, femple, Musha, altitude about 3,500 feet (about
1,060 meters), August L6, L92L (T. Esaki,).
Trentepohlin esalcii,is named in honor of the collector. It isrelated to T. penni,pes (Osten Sacken) and ?. tarsalis Alexanderin the feathered midtibial apices, but is very distinct in theconspicuous white femoral tips.
Ceratocheilnstaiwanicola sp. nov.
General coloration dark brown; mesonotal prascutum yellowish gray with three dark brown stripes; legs dark brown ;abdomen uniformly dark brown, only the hypopygium paler.

476

The Philippi'ne Journal of Saence

1e28

excluding rostrum, 4.6 millimeters; wing,
Mole.-Length.
5.4. Rostrum elongate, brownish black. Antenna dark brown.
Vertex between the eyes broad, dark brown, the anterior portion and a narrow margin adjoining the eyes light gray.
Mesonotal prescutum yellowish gray with three conspicuous
dark brown stripes ; scutum dull gray, the ltlbes brown; remainder of the mesonotum dark gray. Pleura dark gray, thedorsal sclerites indistinctly darker; sternites more plumbeous.
Halteres testaceous. Legs with the coxre and trochanters pale
brownish testaceous; remainder of the legs dark brown, onl.v
the femoral bases narrowly paler. Wings pale grayish subhyaline; veins pale brown. Venation: Sc' ending a short distancebeyond the origin of Rs, Sc, a slightly greater distance before
this origin; basal deflection of Cu, about one-fifth its length
beyond the fork of M.
Abdomen dark brown, only the hypopyg:ium paler.
Habitat.-Formosa.
Holotype, male, Tattaka, altitude about 7,400 feet (about' 2,250
meters), August 18, 1921 (7. Esaki).
Genus TAIWAN0MYIA novum
Antenna elongate, in the male twice as long as the body, inthe female extending to beyond the wing root, 16-segmented.
Tuberculate pits elongate-oval, lying close togpther a short distance back from the cephalic margin of the prescutum. Tibie
spurred; claws small, simple; empodia distinct. Wings with
Sc long, Sc, ending a short distance before r-m, Sc, a shortdistance from the tip of Sc,; Rs angulated or spurred at origin;
Rr*, very long, about equal to or longer than its fork; r close
to the fork of R,*, and about twice its length from the tipof Rr; deflection of Rr*u very long, subequal to Rs; cell M,
lacking; outer deflection of M, long and arctmted; basal deflection of Cu, from one and one-half to nearly twice its length
before the fork of M; vein 2d A ending beyond the level ofthe origin of Rs; arculus complete. Ovipositor with all valves
long and straight, the sternal valves a little exceeding thestouter tergal valves.
Genotype, Taseocera fragil;icornis Riedel, of Formosa.
Riedel failed to detect the tibial spurs and placed this fly
The genus is a very isolated one, andin the tribe Eriopterini.
no immediate relatives can be indicated. The chief venational22,r'Alerander: Crane Flies from Formosa and Luzon

477

peculiarities are the long deflection of Rr*, which is approximately as long as Rs and the position of the basal deflectionof Cu, which is far before the fork of M. Taseocera Skuse iswell distinguished by the extreme brevity of vein 2d A.
Taiwanomyiafragilicornis (Riedel).
fiir
Taseocera fragi.h.corni,s Rruonr, Archiv
Jahrg., Abt. A, 5 Heft (1916) 112, 113.

Naturgeschichte,

82

Riedel had only a single male. I have before me seven females from Kuraru, Formosa, August 30 to September 5, 1921,
collected by Teiso Esaki, one of which is here designated asallotypic.
Allotype, female, length, 4 millimeters; wing, 3.9 to 4. Differsfrom the description of the male as follows:
Basal segment of the scape brownish black, the second segment conspicuously cream-yellow; antenna shorter, the flagellar segments elongate-cylindrical with short verticils. Pleura
brown with a narrow, blackish, longitudinal stripe. Legs withthe coxre and trochanters dark brown; femora light brown,
gradually passing into dark brown, the extreme tips pale; tibiabrown, the tips narrowly darkened, the extreme bases white;tarsi pale brown. Wings grayish subhyaline, heavily spottedand clouded with brown, there being from five to eight larger
areas in cell C, the more-conspicuous ones extending caudad
into cell Sc. Vein Sc long, Sc, ending about opposite threefourths the length of the deflection of R.*u, Se, about onethird Sc,; r about twice its length from the tip of R,; cell lst
M, narro'w at the proximal end which is only about one-half
as long as r-m; m about one-third to one-fourth the outerdeflection of M,; cell 1-stM, approximately as long as the longest vein issuing from it (Mr*r) ; cell Cu, very deep, due tothe basal recession of the deflection of Cu,.
Allotype, female, Kuraru, Formosa, September L, l92I (f.
Esaki\.
Limnophila illustris sp. nov.
Related to L.-ochracea Meigen; mesonotal prrescutum pale
brown with three yellowish brown stripes; thoracic pleura witha narrow, dark brown, longitudinal stripe; wings with a strong
brownish tinge; anterior arculus nearly atrophied; abdominal
sternites yellow, ringed with dark bro,wn.
Female.-Lengf,h, 7 millimeters; wing, 7.6. Rostrum andpalpi brown. Antenna rather elongate, if bent backward at-

478

The Phi,Iippi'neJournal of Science

1e23

taining the wing root, dark brown, the first flagellar segment
pale on the basal third. Head pale yellowish brown.
Pronotum pale. Mesonotal prrescutum pale brown, the threeusual stripes more yellowish brown ; tuberculate pits lacking;remainder of the mesonotum brown. Pleura brownish yellow
with a conspicuous dark brown longitudinal stripe extending
to the base of the abdomen. Halteres with the stem pale brown,
the base narrowly yellow, the knobs dark brown. Legs with thecoxre concolorous with the pleurd; trochanters similar, infuscated apically; remainder of the legs brown, the terminal tarsal
segments darker brown. Wings with a strong brom tinge;
stigma elongate-oval, darker brown; a very faint infuscation
along the cord and at the origin of Rs; veins dark brown.
Venation: Sc, ending opposite the end of Rs, Sc, its own lengthfrom the tip of Sc,; Rs relatively short, feebly angulated near
origini R*, moderately elongate, gently atcuate, about equal r
to the first- section of R,; r a little more than its own lengthfrom the tip of Rr; inner ends of cells R' Ro, and lst M, about
in alignment; cell lst M, rather short-pentagonal; petiole ofcell M, rather short, about equal to the second section of Mr*,
basal deflection of Cu, at three-fifths the length of cell lst M,;
anterior arculus almost obliterated.
Abdominal tergites dark brown; sternites pale yellow, eachringed before midlength with dark brown.
Habitat.-Formosa.
Holotype, female, Tattaka, altitude about 7,400 feet (about
2,250 meters) , August L7, L92L (T. Esaki,) .
Elephantonyiamajor uniformis subsp. nov.
Male.--Length, excluding rostrum, 9.5 millimeters; wing, 8.5.
Differs from typical E. rnaior Alexander, of Kotosho Island,as follows: Smaller. Antenne black throughout. Mesonotal
prascutum reddish brown with a conspicuous black medianstripe, broadest in front, narrowed behind, becoming obsolete
near the suture. Pleura conspicuously light gray pruinose.
Legs with the coxe infuscated on their outer faces. Abdominal
tergites dark brown; basal sternites indistinctly bicolorous, thesubterminal segment entirely black.
Habi,tat.-Formosa.
Holotype, male, Tattaka, altitude about 7,40O feet (about
2,250 meters)., August 16, 1921 (7. Esaki').

22,6

Alerander: Crane Fli,es from Formosa and Luzon

479

Tricyphona symphyletessp. nov.
In its general appearance close to T. kuruonai, Alexander, but
in the structure of the male hypopygium more like T. trispi,nosa
Alexander.
Male.-Length, about 8 millimeters; wing, 9.3. Smaller than
T. kuusanai.. Cephalic lateral portion of scutal lobes with asemilunar dark brown spot, the posterior portion of thelobes less distinctly infuscated; scutellum and postnotum yellow.
Legs light yellow, the segments not distinctly darkened at tips.
Wings with the costal streaks as in ?. lruwanui; a conspicuous
dark brown seam along the basal fourth of M; a pale brown
seam on the basal deflection of Cu,, the remainder of the cordnearly clear; the brown oblique cloud extends across the wing
to m but does not reach the margin as in ?. trispinosa. Venation: r-m connecting with Rs nearly its own length before thefork; petiole of cell R, short, a little less than one-half m;basal portion of Rr*, perpendicular, bent at a strong angle,
the free portion of R, very short, Rr*, being bent close to
R, at this point widening cell R"; cell Rn very wide near midlength, correspondingly narrowed at the distal end; m present,
transverse, cbnnecting NI, with M., the latter just beyond midlength; basal deflection of Cu, immediately beyond the forkof M.
Male hypopygium with but three black spines on the pleuralappendage as in ?. ttispi,nosa, the notch between these and theapical point circular in outline. Gonapophyses with the lateral
margin almost straight to the apex, not bulged outward before
the apex as in ?. kuwarni.
Habitat.-Formosa.
Holotype, male, Musha, altitude about 3,500 feet (about 1,060
meters), August 20, 192L (7. Esaki).
Phalacroceraformose sp. nov.
Head shiny dark brown, the inner margin of the eyes obscuregreenish; prescutum shiny obscure yellow with three darl<brown stripes, the median stripe split by a pale line; scutal
lobes and scutellum brownish black; pleura and sternum palegreen; wings with a strong brown tinge; cell 2d A narrow;abdominal tergites brown, the sternites obscure brownish yellow.
Female.-Length, 10 millimeters; wing, 11.2. Frontal prolongation of the head very short; palpi greenish brown. An-

480

The'Phi'li'ppi'ne Journal of Science

1e23

tennal scape pale green, the flagellum dark brown; flagellar
segments beyond the fourth cylindrical with conspicuous verticils. Head shiny dark brown, the inner margin of the eyes
obscure greenish.
Mesonotal prescutum shiny obscure yellow with three darkbrown stripes, the median stripe broadly split by a pale line;
scutum obscure brownish yellow, each lobe with a conspicuous
dark brownish black blotch; scutellum black; postnotum obscure brownish yellow. Pleura and sternum pale greenish.
Halteres elongate, dark brown, the extreme base of the stem
greenish. Legs with the coxe and trochanters pale green; tibiro
and tarsi brown, the tips faintly darkened; tarsi dark brown.
Wings with a strong brown tinge; stigma small and narrow'pale brown; veins dark brown, very conspicuous. Venation:
Sc, not far frorn the tip of Sc'; tip of R' barely indicated; R,
entirely atrophied; deflection of Rn*u longer than r-m; m andouter deflection of M, subequal; basal deflection of Cu, about
two-thirds its length beyond the fork of M; cell 2d A very
narrow for a member of this genus.
Abdominal tergites dark brown, the sternites obscure brownish yellow.
Habitat.-Formosa.
Holotype, female, Tattaka, altitude about 7,40O feet (about
2,250 meters), August 19, 1921 (T. Esaki).
Pselliophoraigorota sp. nov.
General coloration orange; antennal flagellum with only ninesegments; tibia yellow with about the middle half dark brown;
wings yellow, the cells beyond the cord a little darker; abdominal segments orange.
Female.-Length, about 15 millimeters; wing, 15. Frontal
prolongation of the head orange; palpi reddish brown, the terminal segment dark brown. Antenne with only eleven segments as in P. bi,cincti'fer, the subterminal flagellar segments
almost globular; antenne orange-yellow throughout. Head obscure orange.
Mesonotal prrescutum orange-yellow with three ill-defined
reddish stripes, the median stripe broader and better defined;
remainder of the mesonotum obscure orange. Pleura obscureorange. Halteres obscure orange. Legs with the coxe andtrochanters obscure orange; femora yellow with the extreme
tips indistinctly darker; tibia obscure yellow with more thanthe central half dark brown; metatarsi brownish yellow, thez2,r'Alerand,er: Crane Flies from Formosa and,Luzon

481

tips darkened; tarsi dark brown. Wings with a strong yellow
tinge, the cells beyond the cord a very little darker; stigma
small, oval, dark brown; veins pale brown. Venation: r on R,
immediately beyond the fork of Rr*,; petiole of cell M, very
short, about equal to r-m.
Abdominal terg:ites orange, the basal segments with dark egg
massesshowing through the chitin.
Habitat.-Luzon.
Holotype, female, Baguio, Benguet, Mountain Province (C. F.
Baher). Type returned to Dean Baker.
Pselliophora i,gorota requires comparison only with P. bi,ci,ncti.fer .Llexander, from the same locality; the latter species has
the general coloration black, the first scapal segment brownish
black, the tips of the tibia dark brown; wings with the apex
more conspicuously infuscated.