NEW OR LITTLE-KNOWN CRANE FLIES FROMNORTHERN JAPAN (TIPULID^IE, DIPTERA)
By CEABLES P. Alox.lrvoun
Of Amh,erst, Massacllusetts'
TWO PLATESDuring ttre summer of L922, Teiso Esaki undertook an extensive collecting trip through Japanese Saghalien (Karafuto)and Hokkaido. Through ;the kind interest of Doetor Esaki,
I have received the very extensive collections of Tipuloidea
secured upon this expedition, these including more than one
hundred species. It is no exaggeration to state that this is
the largest'and finest collection of crane flies that has yet beentaken in Japan.
The species of Tipuloidea inhabiting Japan include a very
curious admixture, of forms that show affinities with others
inhabiting the western Palearctic, the Nearctic, and the Oriental Regions, as well as a small proportion of endemic generaand subg:enera, though with an abundance of endemic species.
This relationship is discussed in greater detail in the present
paper. I am vastly indebted to Doctor Esaki for the gift ofthis splendid collection and for the accompanying discussion
All types and uniques are preserved in myof his itinerary.
collection, but certain paraffpes and duplicates have been retumed to Doctor Esaki.
GENERAL ACCOUNT OF THE EYPEDITION BY DOCTON,ESAKIis the principal town of the island, located on the
Sagholi,en.-Toyohara
River Suzuya. To the east of the town there are small mountains ofless than 600 feet in altitude, while east of these there is an extensive
mountain range that averages more than 3,000 feet in altitude, culminating
These mountaing
in Mount Suzuya, 3,454 feet,lying just east of Toyohara.
are covered by coniferous forests, of which Picea ajanensis and, Abiea
sachal;i,nensis are the chief components. These two species are also foundCrane flies appearedin Eokkaido, where they reach their southern limits.
Most of those from Toyohara wer.e
to be rather scarce in these mountains.
collected among: the bushes along the river west of the town. Large trees'Contribution from the Department
cultural College.

of Entomolory,

Massachusetts Agd531

i

OJZ

'l'lle I'hllvp,pi.ru:,l tnnt1tl

ol

Srir n,rt

re:r,lare not plentiful there, the majority being trces of mediurn height, among
them the following genera: Betula, Alrrus, populus, Salir, ind, Ulrnu-q,
lcsse' numbers of species of Fagus and.
euercis, and a greaily reduced
number of conifers, Abies, picea, and, Lariu.
The country is irequently
swampy and the shrubs grow to a rather g'reater height than in Honshiu.
A part of these flies were captured at light and at honey bait:traps,
Konuma lies about five miles north of royohara and under almost thesame conditions, but the fauna seems more plentiful.
sakaehama lies along the shore, the soil being mosfly sandy, and thefauna and flora are very poor.
From Takinosawa to shimizu (altitude about 1,000 feet) there was founda very abundant fauna, especially in butterflies.
unforbunately
only afew tipulids were secured here. you probably found four exalples ofa rnedium-sized tipulid from shimizu, whose wings are beautifully colorerl
with hyaline and brown markings (polgangaeus gloriosus,r.;. This
gpecies was found near a valley where they fly in"p.
the evenin-g,
appearingas if entangled with one another.
The western coast of sagharien (r{onto, north to Kusunnai at 4g.
N.
lat.) supports a very poor fauna, not only in crane flies but inalmostall other g"oups.
From Kusunnai to Manui (northern limit reached by the expedition)
the altitude is not so high as at rakinosawa (about g0o feet uf Todo"okit6ge).
unfortunately
while r was there the weather was inclement andcollections here were not extensive. A destructive forest fire of a half
century or more ago destroyed most of the larger trees, so that now there
are only small specirnens, mostly of Betuln alba.
The eastern coast of .saghalien (Manui to Tonnai) is much richer in its
fauna than the western coast. There are many marshes and pools
along
the coast but collecting is often interfered with by the windy weather.
From Odomari to Tonnai (southeastern peninsula of Saghalieni, *. p..,through extensive forests of. Abies and. pinea. These forests are severely
attacked by a lasiocampid moth, Denilroli,mus sibiri.aus, which has killed
ofr a part of the trees.
Hokkaid'o.-sapporo
is the capital of Hokkaido, lying in the center of
the Plain of Ishikari.
In summer we have an abundant fauna, noc
only in the vicinity of the city, but within the city limits as well. Maruyama, iust west of the city, is a most excellent collecting ground.
The
environment is very like that of Mount Minomo, in settsu-no-kuni, central
rlonshiu, the streams in both cases being shaded by dense leafy.shrubbery.
Mount Moiwa, although at a higher altitude than Maruyu-u,,*.rr,,osupport a poorer fauna.
The only tipulid collected there is a new species(Discobola moiwana sp. n.).
Jozankei is one of the best-known collecting grounds in all Japan.
rt is a bathing resort and has been much invaded by civilization
withinrecent years' so its fauna is gradually becoming reduced. The vegetation
along the valley is very dense. Kamuikotan, along trre river rshikari,isalso a famous collecting spot in Japan, but the fauna is not so abundantas at Jozankei. Kamiotoineppu, in northern Teshio, proved to be a mostexcellent coilecting ground. The extensive Experimental
Forest of the
Hokkaido rmperial university
is located here. Most of the crane flies
from this place were swept from trees and shrubs with spatulate leaves.

'I'hc vcry long-lrctkcd spr:cics (ElephantarnAia hokkadersis sp. n.) whicb
was aftcrwards found in muny stations in Hokkaido, was found on theflowers of Composita, on which many insectS, e. g.r Syrphidre, Apide,
Lycaenidr, and Hesperide, were feeding, This was true for all specimensNo
collected, with the exception of a few that were attracted to light.
specimens were found on other flowers,
Shikaripetsu (Teshio) and Kamiokoppe (Kitami) are on the two sides
The conditions are veryof the boundary between Teshio and Kitami.
similar to those obtaining at Kamiotoineppu (all being mountainous but
not exceeding 1,000 feet in altitude), but the fauna is much poorer.
provides excellent collecting grounds
Abashiri (Northeastern Kitami)
in the vicinity of the town. Specimens dated August 30th were collected
on Mount Sanchozan, at an altitude of 500 feet or more, about two miles
northwest of the town, and in the Abies forests at Moyoro at night [a pairof the large and beautiful Ped,i,cin ila;invi,o (Matsumura), a single Nesopeza
genictdata Alexander, and, Elephantom.yia hokkai,il,ensis were captured here
The collection dated August 31st is from the town proper.
at lightl.
Akan is the name of a lake in the northern extremity of the Province
and beautiful lakes inof Kushiro.
It is one of the most interesting
Hokkaido, or even in all Japan, but it is very inconvenient to rrisit there.
The fauna is probably a very rich one although the season during which
my trip was made was not a good one. In the lake can be seen a very
curious alga, .lDgagropila sauteri,, about the shape and size of a base-ball'which is spreed over the bottom of a part of the lake and can be clearlyrTear.e l.-.Statbns

at uhich collect;ians of Ti'pulid,a u.tere maile.
SAGI{ALIEN

Japanese ntme.

Rusianname.

Approdmat€

Salevel.

Do.
Icss than 500.
Les than 800.
Very low.
Ses level.
Do.
Do.
Low,
Sea level.
Do.
Do.
Do.
Do.
Sea level.
Do.
About 1,000,
Do.
About 800.
Sea level.
Do.
Very low.

":itJ

f I La..l;r&la1l,1rl .

fanr,u l.-stations

at which collectinns of ripulid.p

ussvs mlda-continued.

Approxi@te sltitudoin feet.

- l Kitui- - - - - - - - - - - .- .1 Oshim a

J oz a r k e i - - - ---------

K a m u i ko ta n Ku s h i ro . Ku t c h a n -- - - - I Ver y l ow.-- - - l Seal ew t.

-llsh ika r i- - - - _ _ - _.i Kitami__- _- _____.__Ka mi o ko p p e .-.-,
K a m i o to i n e p p u --- "- ----

lTchio- - - - - - - llshikar i- - - - - __._
- l Kushir o- - - - - - - --llbui- - - - - - - - .

M e aka n ta ke (vo l e n o )----- - - - - - - - - - - - ,1

Nokk e u s h i - - - - - O ou m a - - - -lKita m i- - - - - - - - ._ _ - - - - l Osb im a

O t a no sh i ke ---------

S h i k o tsu (l a ke )- lKushir o-__- _l lbui- - - - - ___--j Kushiro.--Shitakara-,__l Les s r hanl ,000"
D o.

l About800.
_- - __- - l Seal ev et.
_l Ver y l ow .

Kushir o,l e,AaO .

__ -l V erytop.
O".
I
l Seal ev et.

Less than 1,00O.
850.
Les than 600.
Do.

T o m a ko ma i _ T s u b e tsu ---_. _ llbur i________- _lKitami__,____

f

ULUI

DJD

1. End,ewin groups,
Proantocha, a subgenus.
Tipulide, most of the species cf
this familg in various genere.
2. Genera and, apecies eui.d,ently f,,eriaed frorn thq tpogtartt' Pal,aarctic Region.
('AcUphorwl Vezoamn Ep.
Erioptero
Dicranomyia megocaud,o sp. nov.
(Meiquod,ri,rwtata
n o v.
Limoniagen).
Cheilotri,chia, imbufn (Meigen).
Nephrotama d.acsaJis eacholi.na, stbLitnowia annulus tr-unca,ta srbsp.
nov,
sp. nov.
N ephrotoma acttleota atricou.da, subLimunia, bilasciata
oo'is Alexsp. nov.
ander.
N ephrotona corni,cirw Linnaus var.
Limnoph.ila j aporncu Alexander,
Nephrotoma, lntnellata Riedel var.
Limnophila nem,ora.L,is( Meigen )var.
T ipula aariic orz:is Schummel.
(Aqphonn\sachb
The genera Psiloconopa and, DicteErioptera
nidia in Honshiu also show thisIiza sp. nov.
relationship.

- l A boutl ,ooo.
I

lt I t&ILtl

cont,!li.o, Ilrr,lllocht'n,u,,SLy'r'i:ngo'tn,!Ji,(I,Gymnnstes, Trente,pohliu,
Okttttr,croscelis,Tipulod,ina, and others) but reach their northern
limit at about the latitude of Tokyo, or slightly farther north in
Honshiu.
With the above facts in mind, the Tipuloidea that were taken
by Doctor Esaki may be roughly divided into the following
glfoups:

EOKKAIDO

B i p oro - f l a k o d a tc-.-

JaLIrlLILalla:

3. Genera, a:td, species edd,entlg d,eriued lrom the Nearctic Begion.
globulithoran
sp.
Eri.ocera, iozarw sp. nov,
Dicranomgia(Hoplolnbis)
Eriopteranov.
aeis,tiao
Alexander.
Discobola moiwana sp, nov.
Ortnosia subd,eoiata sp. nov.
Discoboln argu,s (Say).
Gnophom,gia trisfie sp. nov.
Limoni,a neo'ind:igene sp. nov.
Neol;i,mnophila ultima, (Osten Sao.
Rhaphid.olnbina'.
ken) var.
Polgangaeus.
Oropeza, sutsuma Alexarider.
Eriocera, sachal;inensis sp. nov.
I. Genus etnilently d,eriaed, from the Neotropi.cul Regim.,

Sea level,
I*ss than 500.

seen through the very limpid water.
(The stations Biporo, Tsubetsu,
Ponkikin (Kitami), Panketo, Teppetsu, Shitakara, Otanoshike and Kushiro(Kushiro) are in the eastern part of Hokkaido).
Kushiro and Akkeshi are on the southeastern coast and the weather
is very frequently misty. They do not support a rich fauna.
shikotsu(in Iburi)
is likewise a very famous lake in Hokkaido. The water iseven clearer than that of Lake Akan. The margins of the lake are covered
with very rich vegetation which afford really excellent colleeting.

Paratropesa, osolcii sp. nov.
5. Genera and, species eaidentlg d,eriaed' from tha Oriental Reginn.
ptdchro saptantrton;isGonom.gia, (Lipophlepe\
nhipWia
flaaocottolrs sp. nov.
Alexander.
Conosia irrorata (Wiedemann).
Librntes longristigma dexander.
Nesopeza getianlata Alexander.
Lib not es nofuirai Alexander.
Tipu.la naua.'Watker.
6. Hol,o,rctia tgpes.

COMPONENTS OF THE CRANE.FLY FAUNA OF NORTHERN JAPANThe majority of the genera and species of crane flies so far
discovered in northern Japan are evidently derived from, orfind their closest relatives in, the Holarctic Region. However,a certain considerable proportion have evidenily been derived
from the west (Europe) while others are as elearly derived fromthe east (North America). In addition to the above, and tonum€rous endemic species, there has been a notabJe invasion ofgenera and,species from the so,uth,though ma.ny of these oriental types do not reach the northern island of Japan (Thrypti-

Rhipidie mncilato lVleigen.
long ip ennis
Dicranomgia(Schummel).
Elliptera.
Pedicia.
,I

Ula.
Acgph,orw.
Helobi'a hgbriila
Tangptera.
Ctenophoro.

*tuigeo.

2 4,5536

The Philippine Journal of Scimce

1,924
t

From the above data it can readily be seen that the chiefaffinities of the tipulid fauna of northern Japan are with otherparts of the Holarctic Region. A concrete comparison of the
known Tipulida of three widely separated localities in the Holarctie Region has been tabulated. These regions are northern
Japan (saghalien and Hokkaido), in the eastern palaarctic
Region; Lapland, in the western palaarctic Region; and theState of Maine in the northeastern Nearctic Region.
rABr.D2.-c ampris on ot
separat eit tocatyrf:^", W#:r# *::;;1.**,lAn

asteriek

indietetbat tb€ genw hs ben takeu in rlonsbiu,
occur in the northem island of Japa.l

Lapland.

Genus.

Ptychopleta--- - BittacmorphaBittacomorphella
T r i c h oe ro *---Dicranomgia - - Rhipiitic- -- - - - - - - - Geranomgia- -- Discobola- - -,- L i n o n i .a ------L i b n o te a ------H e l i u s----- - -. -El , l i p te ta _ ----,Diaanoptycha- -

0
0
0
3

I

o
0
0
9
E

-- - -

2- '' ''

An t o c ha ------( h i m a q d ------

I

6

0

t l l o - - , - ------ - - - - - - - Epiphragna- - - - - - - - _- Dactglolobia' - - Limnophila,s. l. - - - - - - - Pseuilolimnophila +- -- - - I d . i o p ta ra -----Phyllolabia
Ulonotpha- - - - _ __ - __ _ _Pilaria- --- -- - - - -- - _ - _Heralomc r - - _ _ _ -, _ _ _ - Ei o c e t a------Elephmtmgia- - - - - - _ - - -

0
1
0
0
0
1
I

0
7
0
0
0
0
I

0
2
I
0
I
0

1
I
I

2
13
2

0
0
8
0
3
0
0
1
0
0
0
2

knom

to

Po lya n g a e u s-__--i
Rh a p h itto la b ia---l
Diu o n o ta _ _ - - - _____--_l
M o lo p h ilu t- - - - --"1

tl
zl
tl
rl

oi
rl
ai
3t

0
z
0
g

Er iopter a,".l.- - - _.___- __l

S I

z i

ff

r I

OI

0

t

Chei.lotrichia_----__-__- I
Psilocoaopa*____ _- - ____l

Ol

Zl

O

t
8
0
I
0
0

He lo b ia - _ _ _ _ - ______-__l tl
Cr sp to la b b - _ _ _-----___loi
Gn o p h o n sia _ _ ______ ]rlG onm s ia, ".
l- - - - - - - . - . i

rl
ol
ol

I
1
1

al

o!

z

Rhabdom aslir *- - - _ __- .__i
PatattoTteaa- - - - _-__
_l

ol

r]

o

l:

ol

0

0

T r u ch o la b is- - - - ---__-_l
T o r o r h in a _ - _ - _ ___,-_--lNe o lim n o p h ila - ---- -l
Cla d u r a *- - - - - - 'Ch im ca - - - - - - _ _ _ _|Cylin d to to m a - - ---- ---l
L io sm a - - - - - - - - - - _-_lPh a h a o e to t- _ - - -__l
Do lich tp a a - - - - - ---__-l

rl
ol
rl
Ol
rl
rl
ot
oi
ol

Ol
ol
ol
Ol
zl
rl
ol
rl
rl

0
I
I
I
o
I
I
l
I

I

or c paa- __- _- _ _

rt

ol

4

o

Ne e o p e za - - - - - - ---__----_l rl

oi

o

0
2
1

Ct enophor a_- _ _ - - - __-l _ r ]Tany pt er a- - - _ - - _ _- - lrl
Dic t enid, io* _- _-- _ _ _ lolPuuiophor a- - - - - - - . - lrl
Pr ionoc et a- - - - - _ - _ _ . _ _ -o_lr
Nephr ot m a___ - _ ____ - i e lr iput a- - _- - _- _- _l t8l

oi r iz! r Irlo I
ol o I
+l
r I
rlro
I
zsi ao I

I

0
I

t2
4
I

o

0

not

Iorthetn
apan.

Genu.

0

i

altboughI

The most surprising features of the crane_fly fauna of theregion under consideration will be noted from a study ofTable 2. These are the great abundance of species of theI

Alexand,er: Jopanese Crane Fl;ies537

genera Limonia and Antocho; the lack of genera such as Tricyphona and, Phalncrocer&; the occurrence of a species of thegenus Paratropeso, otherwise known only from tropical America.
PUBLISHED REFERENCES ?O THE TIPULID FAUNA OF SAGHALIPN AND
HOKKAIDO

The crane-fly fauna of Saghalien has been virtually unknown. The only collections that have been made in the pastseem to be those discussed by Matsumura (1911), a smallcollection taken by Paul Labb6 in 1g02 and norv preserved in
the Paris Museum, and a few specimenstaken by Satoru Kuwayama in 1921 and kindly sent by him to me. The latter records
have been included in the present paper.
Matsumura's paper (1911) cited above is the first and only
published account of this interesting fauna. In that paper
he records the following species:
Xiphura rnaera Loew from Solowiyofka; this probably equals
the Tangptera jozann (Matsumura) var. of the present paper,and is certainly not T. gracilis (Portschinsky), the prior nameof Xiphuro, noacra.
Tipula paludosa Meigen, recorded doubtfully, but the occurrence of this species in eastern Asia would not be surprising.
Tipula uari'icornis Schummel, recorded from Tonnaitcha (asPachErhirm annulicorui.s Meigen).
rn addition to these, Matsumura describes as new the following::
Limnobia sa,chlrl:inensassp. nov. This certainly is not a Li_
rnonia, but very possibly a Limnophita (vein l\{r*, forked).
Metal;i,mnobia ai'ttata gen. et sp. nov. The indentity of thisis uncertain, but it is possibly a Limonia, because of the toothed
ungues.
Neither of the above species was taken by Doctor Esaki.
The crane flies of Hokkaido are rather better known thanare those of Saghalien, though still insufficienily when compared with the extensive and fairly complete list from Honshiu.
AII of the species hitherto recorded from Hokkaido are incrudedin papers by Matsumura and by rne which are included jn the
bibliography at the end of this paper. All of the species ofTipulida from Japan, described by Coquillett, Edwards, Enderlein, Loew, Westwood, and others seem to have been taken in
the main island of the Empire.

, oI.DCLgnCe$21
24,5

PTYCIIOPTERIDA
GenuspTyCgOpTXRA
MeigenPtgahoptera. -l{ErcEN, Illiger's

Mag. 2 (1g0g) 262.

?he only species of ptychoptera taken on the present
expe_
dition was P. su,bscuterlo,ris Alexander, hitherto known onlv
from Hokkaido.
Ptychoptera subsoutellarisAlexander.
Ptych,optera subscutell,orisAT,ETANDER,
Insec. Inscit Menst. 9 (1921)
81_88.
Saghalien:

Konuma,July 12, Ig22

(Esa&i),. Toyohara;July24, 1922 (Esaki) "The femora and tibice are more conspicuouslyblackenedapi_cally than in the types from the vicinity of Sapporo.
TIPULIDA
TRI BE

LI M NO BI I NI

Genus DISCOB0LIIOsten Sacken
Discobola OsreN S.lcxpN, proc. Ent. Soc. phila. (186b)
226.

The g€nus Discoborn incrudes thirteen described species,
eight of which are known onry from New Zearand. The occurrence of undescribed species of this genus in Japan has
been
known to me for many years. In the present collectiorr,
nofewe'r than three species were iineluded, two of
which areeonsidered as being undescribed, while the third cannot
bedistinguished from the Discoborn argus (say) of easter-:r Norbh
America. The Hoiarctic species of Discobola may be separated
qs follows:
Keg. to the Holarctic species of the genus Discobola.
1. The spot on costal margin of wing surrounding tip
of vein Sc solid.__.2.
The spot on costal margin of wing surroundiag tip ofvein sc noi soud,there being smarl hyaline dots in the outer ends of cells
c and sc.--- B.
2' cell M without small brown clouds; mesal faceof v"nt"ri
airtirtytuo.f
trypopygium produced mesad into a beak. (.Western palaarc_
tut.
tic Region.).
D. annulata (Lt"*t.
cell M with brown crouds and marblings; mesal faceof ventral dististyle of male hypopygium not produced into a beak, (Western pa_
laarctic Region.)---.---.,-_ I). caesarea (O. S.).
3. Antenna with the second segment light yellow; halteresblack, the basesof stem and knob light yellow; femora yellow wiilr
a very narrow,brown, subterminar ring, the pale apex beyond it moctr
u"o*ierl wirrgs
with a concentric ocellate pattern, the rings being
double. , (Eastern
Palaarctic Region.)--_.-.-.
!. margarita sp. nov.

_.t

Alerander:

Japanese Crone Fl;ies

589

Antennal scape uniformly blaek; bases of knobs of halteres black;femora yellow with a black subterminal ring that is much more extensive than the yellow apexl wings with an oc'ellate pattern, the---'-----4.
rings single4. Mesonotal prescutum without distinct stripes, brown with a sparse(Eastern
yellowish pollen; halteres yellow, only base of knob black.
D. moiwala sp. nov'
Palaarttic Region.)---.-.halteres with the.Mesonotal prescutum distinctly striped with black;stem black----.....-."-5. Thoracic pleura conspicuourly silvery pruinose; antennal flagellum paler
D. elegaas (Doane).
than scape. (Western Nearctic Regron.).-.-----------black throughout
antennepleurainconspicuously silvery;
Thorocic(Nearctic Region and eastern Palearctic Region')-------.D. argus (Say)'

Discobolama,rgaritasp. nov.
General coloration yellow; antennre black, the second segmernte,onspicuously light yellow; a narrow brown longitudinal stripeon lateral margins of pronotum and prescutum and anotheron dorsal pleurites; halteres blaek, base of stem and knob
Iight ysltevl; femora with a very nanrcw, brown, subterminal
ring; wings with an ocellate pattern, the outer rings of which
are double, each having a pale centerl abdominal segments
brownish yellow, the caudal marg:ins very narowly brown.
Male, length, 7 to 8 millimeters; wing, 7.2 t'o 8.2. Female,length, 8 millimeters; wing, 8.5.
Rostrum and palpi black. Antennre black, the second scapal
segment abruptly light yellow. Head black, grayish pruinose:
Pronotum shiny yellow, sides dark brown. Mesonotal prescutum and scutum yellow, the lateral margins of the former
conspicuously dark brown; scutellum and postnotum obscureyellow, the latter with the posterior margin infuscated. Pleura
brownish yellow, with a conspicuous dark brown longitudinal
stripe extending from behind fore coxa onto the pleurotergitesof postnotum; sternopleura ventrad of this area covered with
an appressed silvery pubescence; the dark longitudinal stripesof dorsum and pleuron described above are separated from one
another by the pale dorsopleural membrane. Halteres black,base of stem and bases of knobs conspicuously light yellow,
remainder of knobs brownish black. Legs with cox€ and trochanters obscure yellow; femora concolorous with a very narrowand indistinct brown subterminal ring some distance before
tips; in somespecimens,this ring is almost obliterated ; tibie andtarsi yellow, the terminal tarsal segments dark brown. Wings
yellow with a very heavy oeellate pattern, arranged about as
in Di.scoboln argtn; the centers of the ocellate markings are

540

The Pluili,ppine Joumal of Sciencetsz4

Aleaattd,er: JapaneseCrwe Fli,es

24,6

54L

solid but the rings are doubre, each having
a pale center withnarrow dark margins; the general effect oI
tni. tvp"
mark_
rlq i" a very abundant, delicate brown"imarking. Venation:
Cell 1st M, elongate, tending to be irregularin ou'ine, m being
much shorter than the outer deflectionof M' the latter angulate
just beyond midlength. In
the female, the cell is more regularly
rectangular in ouiline. Abdomen brownish yeilow,
the caudar
margins of the segments narrowly but conspicuously
dark brown.
Habitat.-Japan(Saghalien and Hot<kaido).
male,
Kamiotoineppu,
Hokkaido, August 24, lg}z
_Holotype,(7. Esaki).
Allotype, female, Kusunnai, Saghalien,
August Z, LgzZ e.
Esaki).
Paratopotypes, 2_parafype, male, Jozankei, Hokkaido,.
August L9, tgZZ (7. ryIu!;
Esabi).
This e:rquisite fly is one of the mostdistinct species of thegenus so far discovered. rt isnamed in honor ?-mywire,Mabel M. Alexander.

One small female, Toyohara, Saghalien, July 13, 1922 (f .
Esabi')
Genus B^EIPIDIAMeigen

Discobolamoiwana sp. nov.
Female, Iength, about 9 millimeters;
wing, 9.F.
_-Generally simjlar to Discobola argus (Say), from which it
differs as follows:
Mesonotal prescutum without distinct
stripes, rather uniformly dark brown with a sparse ye'owish
poilun. r,orruituairral brown pleural,r""y,r""rlw,
thesiiverypt"oiJ urur".strigecorrespondingly extensive.
Harteres yelrow, onry"ni*"* oJ knobs
black' Yellow femoral tips narroweri
wings with eet M marbled with brown; supernumerary crossvein in cell lst A longer
than vein 2d A beyond it.
H_abitat.-J apan ( Hokkaido) .
Ilolotype, female, Mount i{oiwa,
September 1?, IgZ2 e.
Esaki).

Xhipiilia pulchra septentrionis Alexander.

Discobolaargus (Say).
Limnobia

argas Snv,

Fxped., Append. (1g24)

BEg.
^_Long'sOne
female, Akan, I{okkaido,'Subi-"?Uu"4, lgZZ (7. Esabi,).
r have compared this specimen criticaily
with u, J"rrirr"
series of Nearctie Discobor,aurgua, and canfind no differencesthat can be consideredas being ofsubspeeificvalue. It
is possible that the mare sex *ilt ,ho*
"rr"n such differences,butthis sex is not availabre at the p".ruoi ti...
This is the firstrecord of a Nearctic crane fly occurring inJapan tfr"i aoe,
not also occur in Europe.

Ail three speciesof Discobola,recorded.in this paper as fromJapan are very different from the two European forms.
Genus GIBAIIOMYIAHaliday
Geranamyia Il-eltolY,

EnL Mag. 1 (1833) 154.

Geraaomyiaavocetta AJexander.
Geronomaia wocetta

AT.EKANDER,Can. Ent. 45 (1918) 206, 206.

Bhipid'ia,MEGUY,SysL Beschr. 1 (1818) 153.
Bhipiilia maculata Meigen.
Rhipiitie mn'culuta,
MEcuN, Syst. Beschr.1 (1818) 153' pl. 5, fig. 11.
fhis species has a very extensive rang:e throughout the North
Temperate regions of the world. The following records areavailable from the present collection:
Saghalien: Toyohara, July 13 to 23, L922 (7. Esaki'); Ta'kinosawa, July 26,7922 (T. Esaki); Odomari, August 9, L922
(T. Esa,ki,). Hokkaido: Jozankei, August 19, L922 1T. Esakl);
Esalci); Kamiotoineppu,
Kamuikotan, Augost 22, 1922 g.
(T.
Esald).
August 23 and 24,1922
The number of spines on the rostrum of the dististyle of themale hypopygium runs as high as seven.
Rtiptilin putchra septentn'onis AtulNorn,
207, pL.3, fig. 1.

Can. Ent. 45 (1913) 206'

As indicated in other papers, this species nrns very elose
to Dicranomgia and may more properly be considered as be'longing to that genus. The following records are available
from the present collection,all the specimenshaving been taken
by Doctor Esaki:
Saghalien: Toyohara, July 20, 1922. Ilokhaido: Jozankei,
August L9,L922; Kamuikotan, August 22 and'23,L922; Kamiotoineppu, August 25,1922; Shikaripetsu, August 26, L922; Ka'rtiokoppe, August 27, L922; Akkeshi, SeptemberLL, L922.
Genus DICBILNOMflAStephensCat. Brit. Ins. 2 (1829) 243.
Dicranorwia STEPEENs,

This very exbensive genus was well represented in numberof speeies.
200486--'{

,v rnhbLpp?neJoutnfll, oI science

re24

DicranomyiamesostemataAlexander.
Di"cranomEiamesostel'nataAT,*ANDE&
Ann. EnL Soc. Am. 12 (1g7g)
329, 830.
DoctorEsaki

coilected

thefoilowingmaterial:sagharien:

JuIy 20-to-28,L922,includingone
Jo.V.ohara,
bait trap. A mate from this'materiat-tr"* femaleat honey.;ii i;; iI, op",b^Vthe atrophy of m in both wings. Hokkaido:
Sapporo,AugustIT to t9.and-Sentember
7, tgiz; AbashiJ,-Arfust 81,
7922; Akan, SeptemberB to 7, iszz; panketo,-d"pt"ilU*O,
7922.
Dicra,nomyialongipennis (Schummel) .
Limnobi,a longipenruis ScHUMMrL, Beitr.
,1,,fig. 2.

zur Ent.

1 (1g29)

104, pl.

This speciesis distributed throughout
the Horarctic Region.
The author had already recorded iT trom
Honshiu.a rhe folIowing material from Hokkaioo was
inctuaeJ in inu ]"u."rrt
collection:
Sapporo, Oo"o* 18, lg2} (7. Esalci.);
Kamiotoineppu,
August 28, 1'9ZZ(7. Esaki,\In the richt wing of-the Sapporo
specimen,cell 1st M, isclosedby the retention of m; tfre ieftwing is normal.
Dicranomyiaimmoilestoiiles
Alexander.
oWW:"

immod'estoidps
tAr.uxaNom,Ann. Ent, soc. Am. 12 (1919)

This specieshu"- wide range in Honshiu.
It is included
3_
from Saghalienand Hokkaidoof the following speci_
mens collectedby Doctor Esaki:"r"a "esuft
Saghalien: Toyohara, July IB to 28,-]r!22;
Maoka, July 2g,
1922; Kusunnai, August Z, lgZZ.
Hokkaido: Sapporq August
17, September18 to 26, t}ZZ;.forurlui,August Lg, 20, L92Z;
Kamuikotan, August 22t, lg22'; k"*iotoi""ppu,August 28, 24,7922; Shikotsu, September zi, tgii;
ro*at o*ai- S"-pi"*U*"25, 1922; Onuma, SeptemberZQ, i;n:.
Dicranomyia
subfristissp. nov.
Related ta D. tri,stis (Schummel)of the Western palaearc_
tic Region' Generar cor,oration
the prescutum with a*;broad, brown, median stripe; *"f,frypopygrumwith spines ofrostrum elongate, arising from tonJ,
enlarged bases that areconnate basally.
'Trans. Am. Ent. Soc.46 (1920) 1.

24,5

Aleaander: Japannse Crane Fl;ies543

Male, length, 5.6 millimeters; wing, 7.4. Female, length, 5.5
millimeters; wing, 7.
Rostrum and palpi black. Antenne black throughout. Headlight gray, vertex between eyes relatively narrow. Mesonotal
prescutum gray with a broad, medium dark brown stripe, theanterior end of which is indistinctly bifid; lateral stripes verysmall to nearly obsolete; remainder ,of mesonotum gray, thescutal lobes dark brown. Pleura dark gray. Halteres yellow,
knobs infuscated. Legs with coxe dark gray; trochanters obscure yellow; remainder of legs dark brown, basal half of eachfemur obscure yellow. Wings faintly tinged with gray; stigma
small, brown, surrounding r; veins brown, those in the costal
region somewhat paler. Venation: Sc, ending opposite or immediately before origin of Rs, Sc" close to its tip; Rs gently
arcuated, about one-half longer than the basal deflection of
Ro*o; cell lst M, about as long as vein M, beyond it; basal
deflection of Cu, a short distance before fork of M. Abdomen
dark brown, the genital segment paler. Male hypopygium(Plate 1, fig. 1) with basistyles short and stout, the caudal
lateral angle produced into a blunt point; dorsai face of basistyle with a small setiferous lobe; mesal face of basistyle produced caudad into a long, relatively stout lobe; ventral dististyleyellow, the me'sal face produced mesad into a slender rostrum
that bears far out toward its apex two elongate spines whosebases are enlarged and united for about one-half their length;
dorsal dististyle suddenly narrowed into an acute spine at tip
as in the tristi,s group of species.
In tri,stis, the basistyle has the lobes slenderer; the spinesof the rostrum of the ventral dististyle from short, separate
bases, the apex beyond them long:'produced; a linear row ofabout flve long seta near the base of the rostrum.
Habitat.-J apan (Hokkaido) .
I{olotype, male, Kamuikotan, August 22, 1922 (7. Esaki).
Allotopotype, female.
American species of the tri'stis group include D. Li'berto Osten
Sacken, D. libertoides Alexander, and D. lmabi' Alexander.
Dicranomyiasachalinasp. nov.
General coloration gray; rostrum and palpi brownish lliack;
antenne black; prescutum with an ill-defined stripe; wings
very faintly darkened; stigma oval, pale brown; Sc short, celllst M, closed; hypopygium with rostrum of the ventral disti-

il4

The Phi'l;ippine Jou,rnnl of'Science

uwrLue'r-;dttpurLese ur&ne !'Lxes
Le24

style short, bispinous; dorsal dististyle short and strongly
curved.
Male, length, about 6 millimeters; wing, 6.5. Female, length'
7 to7,5 millimeters; wing, 7 to 8.
Rostrum and palpi brownish black. Antenne black throughout. Head dark gray. Pronotum and mesonotum dark, cover"edwith an abundant gray pruinosity, prescutum with an ill-defined
median stripe on the anterior portion; pruinosity on scutellum
and postnotum lighter gray. Pleura light gray pruinose. Halteres pale, knobs dark brown. Legs with coxre and trochantersobscure yellow; femora obscure yellow, passing into brown before
tips; remainder of legs dark brown. Wings very faintly tingecl
with darker; stigma oval, pale brown; veins pale brown, thoseat wing base paler. Venation: Sc short, Sc, ending just beyond
origin of Rs, Sc, some distance from tip of Sc' the latter alone
about equal to the basal deflection of Mr4ri Rs arcuated, about
twice the length of R"_;.; cell Ist M, closed; basal deflectionof Cu, at fork of M. Abdomen dark brown, the genital segment
paler. Male hypopygium with basistyles relatively short, themesal face produced into stout lobes that are very densely set
u.ith microscopic sete and setula, apex slender and provideri
with a few conspicuous setiferous tubercles. Ventral dististyle fleshy, the mesal face produced into a relatively short
beak that bears two subequal spines, these not widely separated;dorsal dististyle a short, powerful, strong:ly curved hook. Ninthtergite with a broad, rectangular, median notch. Ovipositor
rn'ith the valves relatively stout.
(Saghalien) .
Habi.tat.-Japan
Holotype, male, Sakaehama, July 20, 1922 (7. Esabt),
Allotype, female, Toyohara, July 19, L922 (7. Esaki).
Paratopotype, 1 female; paratypes, 3 females, with the allotype, July 15 to 20, L922; I female, Odasam, August 6, 1922
(7. Esaki,).
Di,tanomgia suchali,nn bears a superficial resemblance to D.
subtri,sf,zs,but is a verT/ different fly. The stigma is full though
pale, in D. subtri,stas being a naruow seam to r.
Ilicranomyia sparsa sp. nov.
General eoloration yellowish brown, prescutum with threeslightly darker stripes; legs yellow, tips of femora and tibie
faintly darkened; wings strongly tinged with yellow, stigma
bicolorous; veins pale, cord and outer end of cell lst M, darkbrown; Sc, longer than Rs.

b4b

Female, Iength, 7.5 millimeters; wing, 7.6.
Rostrum short, pale brownish testaceous, mouth parts greenish, palpi pale brown. Antenne brown, the flagellar segments
oval. Head brownish gray. Mesonotal prescutum yellowish
brown with three darker stripes, the median stripe more brownish, the lateral stripes more grayish; scutum with the narrow
centrai portion gray, lobes brown, margined mesially by yellow;
scutellum yellow, with a namow, gray, median area; postnotrrm
brownish testaceous. Pleura pale brown, very indistincfly variegated with gray. Halteres very short, with large knobs, pale,knobs a little darker. Legs with coxa and trochanters pale testaceous, femora, tibie, and basitarsi yellow, tips very indistincfly
darkened; terminal tarsal segments brown. Wings strongly
tinged with yellow, base and costal region more saturated; stigma
pale brown, the narrow part surrounding r darker brown, producing: a bicolo,rous stigmal area; veins pale, cord and outerend of cell lst M, conspicuously dark brown to produce theappearance of a faintly darkened wing. Venation: Sc short,Sc, ending a short distance beyond origin of Rs; Sc, far fromtip of Sc, so the latter vein alone is longer than Rs; Rs nearlystraight, with several macrotrichie; cell 1st M, closed, longer
than the veins issuing from it; basal deflection of Cu, elose
to fork of M. Abdominal tergites dark brown, the caudal margin of basal segments indistinctly pale; basal sternites yellowish.
Ovipositor with the tergal valves slender.
H abitat.-Japan( Saghalien) .
Holotype, female, Toyohara, July 28, Lg22, at honey bait trap
(7. Esaki).
Diaranonyia spiniaauilasp. nov.
General coloration yellowish brown; rostrum orange; mesonotal prescutum with three brown stripes; wings fainfly tinged
with brownish yellow; Sc short, Sc, long; cell 1st M, closed;
male hypopygium with the two spines of rostrum widely separated; mesal face of ventral dististyle beyond rostrum densely
set with spinous seta.
Male, length, 5.5 millimeters; wing, 6.5 to 7. Female, length,
6.5 to 6.8 millimeters; wing, 7,2 to 7.5.
Rostrum orange, the palpi conspicuous, dark brown. Antenna with first scapal segment orange; remainder of antennce
dark brown. Head gray. Pronotum dark brown, the lateral
margins paler. Mesonotal prescutum yellowish brown, witha broad, conspicuous median and less distinct lateral stripes;

OiiU

ttve

t lbu,app0'tt'v.tAU'rTLq'b OJ trCl,enoe

$24

24,6

scutum yellow, the lobes dark brown; scutelrum dark brown,
broadly yellow medially; postnotum dark brown medialry, thepleurotergite pale. Pleura pare, sparsery pollinose, th,esternopleura darkened. Halteres dark brown, the base of stem
narrowly pale. r,egs with the co:re and trochanters yellow; femora
brownish yellow indistincily darker toward tips; iibie and tarsi
passing into dark brown. wings fainily tinged
with brownish
yellow, bas€ and costal reg'ion a litile brighter;veins brown.
Venation: Sc short, Se, ending before origin of Rs; Sc, somedistance before tip of sc,, the latter alone a litfle longer thanthebasal deflection of Rn.u; cell lst M, closed; basal Jefleetionofcu' at fork of M. Abdomen dark brown, the basal
sternites
paler; hypopygium obscure brownish yellow. Male
hypopygium(Plate 1, fig. 5) with basistyles relatively slender,-themesaltaco produced mesad into a very broad, triangular lobe;
ven_
tral dististyle fleshy, the mesal face at base produced intoaslender rostrqln that bears two very widely separated spines,.
the outer one shortly before tip, the shorter inner spine
beforemidlength of rostrum; mesar face of ventrar dististyle caudadofrgstqum densely set with abundant spinous sete; dorsar dististyleslender, strongly curved to the acute tip. Gonapophyses
bifid bya v_9rydeep u-shaped notch, the mesal lobe thus formed slender.
Habitat.-Japan(Saghalien and Hokkaido).
Ifolotype, male, Toyohara, Saghalien, July 15,lg}2 (7. Esaki).
Allotopotype, female, July 14, IgZ2 (T. Esald.).
Paratopotypes, B males, 1 female, July 1? to'25, Lg22; para_
type, 1 male, Otanoshikg Hokkaidq September 'tZ, tgiZ (T.
Esalci).
Dicranomyiamegacauilasp. nov.
Related to D. magruicwd,a Lundstrtim (Northern Europe),
differing chiefly in the details of structure of the male hypopy_
gium; prescutum with a singlo dark stripe
Male, length, b.E miilimeters; wing, 6.g. Female, Iength,
6.5
millimeters; wing, ?.b.
Rostrum pale orange, the palpi dark brown. Antenne
darkbrown throughout. Head dark gray, the anterior partof ver_tex pale gray. Pronotum dark brown, paler laterilly.
M*ronotal prescutum pale reddish brown with a single mediandarkbrown stripe that becomes obliterated before *rtor";of mesonotum pare reddish brown, indistincfly poilinose.
"u-uirrd."iruo"uoch€rous, very indistincfly striped longitudinallywittr darker"
Halteres elongate, pale yellow, knobs iark brown.
Less witlr

Alenander: Japanese Crane Fli,es541

coxe and trochanters pale testaceo,us; femora pale brown, tibie
and tarsi gradually passing: into dark brown. Wings subhyaline, stigma pale brown; veins darker brown. Venation: Sc,
ending immediately beyond origin of Rs, Sc, some distancefrom tip of Sc, the latter vein alone about equal to basal deflection of Cu,; Rs long, nearly straight, in alignment with R,*,
basal deflection of Rn*, nearly one-half Rs; basal deflection ofCu, close to fork of M; both wings of type with malformed
venation, in the presence of adventitious cross veins between
R,..0and Mr*r. Abdomen dark brown, sternites yellow. Male
hypopygium very large and complicated in structure, generally
similar in fundamentals to D. magni,cau'dn Lundstrtim; rostriform appendage arising as a conspieuous arm from base ofventral dististyle, shaped as in figure (Plate 1, fig. 2); dorsal
dististyle almost straight, apex suddenly narrowed into a stout
spine. From the ventromesal faee of each basistyle arises thecomplex structure shown in Plate 1, fig. 3. Female generally
similar to, male but general coloration of body more ocherous I
halteres somewhat shorter i Sc not attaining base of the shorterand rnore arcuated Rs; ovipositor with the valves comparatively short but slender.
H abitat.-Japan ( Saghalien.)
Holotype, male, Toyohara, July 20, L922 (7. Esaki).
Allotopotype, female.

;
i

i

i

Dicranomyia globulithorax sp. nov.
Related to D. globithorao Osten Sacken; mesonotum less gibbous; wings strongly tinged with blackish; male hypopygiumwith a sing:le dististyle, the mesal face of which is truncatedand densely set with numerous spinous setre.
Male, length, 5.5 millimeters; wing, 5.8 to 6.
Rostrum and palpi very short, black. Antenna black throughout, the basal flagellar segments nearly globular, the terminal
segments passing through oval to elongate. Head dark brown.
Mesonotum dark brown, slightly less gibbous than in D. globi'
thoraa O. S. Ilalteres dark brown, base of stem narrowly pale.
Legs with coxre and trochanters obscure testaceous; r'emainderof legs brownish black. Wings strongly tinged with blackish;stigma indistinct; veins dark brown. Venation: Sc long, ending beyond midlength of the long, straight sector, Sc, at tip ofScr; a supernumerary cross vein in cell Sc', as in D. globithoran,
this from once to twice its length before r; tip of R' beyond r
atrophied; cell lst M, closed; basal deflection of Cu, close to or

548

The Phi'lippine Journal, of Scimcerszl

beyond fork of M, longer than Cu,. Abdomen dark brown, thebasal sternites palen. Male hypopygrum (Plate 1, flg. 4) withbasistyle produeed into a slender, fleshy lobe on mesal fa,ce; asingle dististyle, this fleshy, the mesal face broadly truncatedand denselyset with abundant, stout, black spinous sete.
Habitat.-tr apan (Hokkaido) .
Ilotrotype,male, Shikotsu, September27, t922 (T. Esaki)"Paratopotfpe, male.
Genusr.rMONIAMeigen

Aleran(Ier:

Japonnse Crane Fli,es549

diswith a dense brush of sete which continue basad for sometance along the mesal face of apophyse'(Hokkaido) .
Habitat.-JaPan
HolotJrpe, mul", Shikotsu, September 24, L922 (T' Esaki)'
Allotype,' female, Kamiotoineppu, Augpst 23, 1922 (T' Esaki\'Pariypes, female, Kamuikotan, Augu'st 22,1922 (T' Esaki'\;male and-female, Abashiri, August 30, 1922 (T' Esaki'\; male,Akan, September 3 to 7, t922 (T. Esaki'); 1 female, Panketo,
September 6, Lg22 (T. Esobi,);,male, Teppetsu, September 9,1922 (7. Esalcl\.

I;trtuCItuieMEIcEN, Illiger's Mag. 2 (1803) 262.
Limnobia,,Murenx, Syst. Beschr. 1 (1818) 116.

Limonia bifasciata avis (Alexander).

The nameLimonia must be used in placeof Limnobin Meigen,it having unquestioned priority. The genus is very rich in
speciesthroughout the JapaneseEmpire, more than a dozen
speciesbeing included in the present collection. As has been
indicated by the author and other writers in other papers, thesmaller speciesof Limoni,a run very closeto those of Di,cranom,giaon the one hand, and to those of Gerunomqi,a,and.RWpid;ta
on the other. Strict generic criteria, if such exist, are desiderata.
limonia quailrinotata(Meigen).
L'rnnobin,Enilri,notata MrtcuN, Syst. Beschr. I (1818) 144.
The following records are available in Esaki's material:

24,6

Hok-

kaido: Abashiri, August 30, 1922; Akan, September3, L922.
I cannot detect any differences between the Japanesespecimens and a seriesfrom various countriesof eentral and northern
Europe. The specimensvarJr greatly in size, the wings of thefemales ranging in length from 9.5 to 13 millimeters. The
speciesis related tn L. solttaria (Osten Sacken), L. hudsonica(Osten Sacken), and L. fallnr (Johnson), all from eastern
North America.
Lim.oniaannulustruacata subsp. nov.
Very similar in general appearanceto typical annulns (Meigen) of Europe. Gonapophysesof the male hypopygium relatively slender, dilated into a distinct head at apex, this headsquarely truncated, d.enselyprovided with abundant sete which
are grouped especially at the mesal apieal angle. In typicalonruilrrcthe stem of each apophyseis broader, scareely dilated
into a head, apex obliquely truncated, the mesal apical angle

ILi'twrtobia aois Auxl'NDF.R, Ann. Ent'

Soc' Am' 1 1 (1918) tl44'

The type is from Takuhara, Shinano Province, Honshiu' The
race is distinguished from typical bi.fasciata (Schrank) of Europe,chieflybytheconsiderableincreaseintheamountofblackInon-the prescutum, and especially on the tips of the femora.
this subspecies, the vertex bears a large black area extending
from the posterior angles of the eyes caudad, narrowed' to the
occiput. the rnedian prescutal stripe is broad. and distinct'
end
splii medially, but connected' narrowly at the anterior
femoral
The
black
just
suture.
thebeforerno"" rroaatv"oa measure more than 1 millimeter in extent. The Formosantips
geoLimonin ramth,opteroides (Riedel) is probably anotherspecies'
Palearctic
graphical
race of this widespread
Hokkaido: Kamiotoineppu, August 25,1922 (T' Esuki'); Aba'shiri, August 30, 1922 (7. Esaki); Mount Meakan, altitude 5,300
feet, September 8, t922 (T- Esaki)
Linonia neoiailigenasP. nov.
General coloration reddish brown, prescutum with three conspicuous stripes and the extreme lateral margin blackened; anterior pleurites blackened, this also including the fore coxa; femora
pale brown with a black subterminal ring and relatively broad
yellow tips; wings yellow, sparsely variegated with brown; r
far from tip of R'.
Male, length, about 11 millimeters I wing, Lz'L' Female'length, about 10 millimeters; wing, 10.8 to 11.
Rostrum, palpi, and antenne black. Head black' very sparsely pruinose. Pronotum black, broadly yellow laterally; iniemale, pronotum entirely black. Mesonotal prescutum reddish
yellow *ith th".u .oo.pi.ooos black stripes, the median stripe

t'h,e Philippine Journal of Sci,mce

1924

not reaching suture, the raterar stripes-or crossing suture and suffusing the anterorateral portions.the scutar r,obes;a large
brownish black spot on lateral ,n""girr*of p"u**tr-o, opposite
anterior ends of prescutal stripes;
scutum obscure reddish
yellow, centersof each lobe darki"o*n; scutetum dark brown,
indistinctlv bisected yediailr by acapilary pale vitba; mediotergite of postnotum broadlv brownishb'"d ;;lrirv,
lr"oo*ry
pale on lateral margins. pteurawith the anterior sclerites
Iargely shiny black, becoming paler,
more
epimeron and pl.-urotergite tof postrroto*.brownish, on mas_
Halteres brown,knobs and base of stem yetow irmarg knobs infuscated infemale. Legs with coxreyellow, io""coxa
for the extremeapex;_trochantersyellow; shiny black, except
femora pale brown,
tips rather broadry yelrow, u"a *i*ra subequarbrack subterminal ring:; tibie and tarsi dark brown,t_heformer parer basalry.
wings strongry tinged witrr y"il"w,base andr regionbrighter; rather spars'e brown se'ms
clistributed"rrt
asfotows:Origin of Rs; along cord and out"*
urraof cell lst M, and alongvein Cu; narrower brown .uu*,
u1orr" the remaining longi_
tudinal veins and su*ounding wing
margin, more conspicuous
at wing apex; stigmapale broivn;,iir* brown, Sc and prearcu_
Iar veins brighter. Venation,
S; i;;gur than Sc,, ending justbeyond midlength of Rs, tfre fatterarcuated at origin; r far
from tip of R'; basar oeflection
or co, at or before fork of
M. Abdomen obscure yellowish
brown,
sternites brighter, the-il;"ivpdt;o*subterminal
sesments
iniuscatea.
ro-io..rr.o,basistyles relatively- slender, trt"
*Js"r face produced into a
simplesetiferouslob-e1

ri"gr" airli"tvtetl,i* u"orJrt u*qnarrowed to apex which-abears
numerous tiny seta; dististyrebrown except the ye'ow upicar
trri"J.*_G-oounonhyses appearing
as flattened plates, each witfr;;;;'U_shaped notch, the mesal
lobe very large. .4Edeagus "nitJ-itupu*, the ventral facedensely set with abundant .toui*iirrot*.
---Habitat.-Japan (Hokkaido).--Holotype, male, panketq September
6, lgZZ (T. Esaki).
Allotype, female, Shikaripetso,
eugu.t 25, LYZZ (7. Esaki).
Paratype, female, Kamiotoinep;;;;g6t ZS,Ig2Z (7. Esatci,).
T.imenfskarafutonissp. nov.
Related to L. tNpanctata (Fabricius),;antenne black, only
the basal flagellar
feebly bicolorous; mesonotal pre,segments
scutum with a single verybroad *"Ji""stripe; femora yellow,

24,6

Alerdnd,er: Japanese Crone Flies

551

tips broadly blackened, wings tinged with yellow, sparsely variegated with brown; r remote from tip of R,.
Male, length, 7 millimeters; wing, 8.5 to 9. Female, length,
about 8 millimeters; wing, 9.
Rostrum and palpi black, mouth parts a little paler. Antenne
black, the two basal flagellar segments bicolorous, the basal halfor less of each obscure yellow. Head grayish black, occiput
obscure yellow. Pronotum dark brown, paler laterally. Mesonotal prescutum obscure yellow, with a very broad median black
stripe, the lateral margins of sclerite narowly infuscated to
produce small lateral stripes; scutum yellow, lobes conspicuously
blackened; scutellum and postnotum less distinctly infuscated.
Pleura yellow with a faint brown cloud behind fore coxre. Halteres obscure yellow, kpobs faintly infuscated. Legs with coxee
yellow, fore coxre infuscated; trochanters obscure yellow; femora
yellow, tips broadly blackened; tibie brownish yellow, tips
narowly blackened; tarsi dark brown, basitarsi paler at pro-Yimal ends. Wings tinged with yellow, base and costal region
sparse brown searns distributed as follows : At
brighter;origin of Rs, Sc, along eord and outer end of cell 1st Mr l more
conspicuous clouds at r; behind vein Cu, interrupted before its
fork; faint brown clouds in the prearcular region and along vein
2d A; veins dark brown, S,c yellow. Venation; Sc, a littl'e
longer than Sc,, ending just before fork of Rs; r from three tofour times its length from tip of Rr; basal deflection of Cu' ator close to fork of M. Abdominal tergites dark brown, sclerites
a little darker posteriorly; basal sternites obscure yellow; hypopygium yellow.
H abi,tat.-Japan ( Saghalien) .
Holotype, male, Toyohara, July \7, L922 (7. Esalci,).
Allotopotype female, July 23, L922 (T. Esaki); at honey bait
trap.
Paratopotypes, 5 males and females, July 14 to 18, L922 (T.
Esaki).
r.im6nis episemasp. nov.
(Schummel) ; general eoloration
Related to L. triai'ttata
obscure yellow; basal antennal segments obscure yellow; mesonotal prescutum with three conspicuous brownish black stripes;
femora yellow, tips blackened, with one or two pale brown subterminal rings; wings pale yellow, very sparsely variegated withbrown; r encircled by a pale brown ring; abdomen brown, thecaudal margins of segrnents obseure yellow.

552

TIte Plu[,l,iWine Jountal

ol Sci.mce

rszl

Female, length, 9 to 11 millimeters; wing, 10 to 12.
Rostrum and palpi dark brown, Antenna with scape andbasal two flagellar segments obscure yellow; intermediate flagellar segments feebly bicolorous, dark brown, base of each
obscure yellow; terminal segments unjformly dark brown.
Head dark gray. Pronotum black, the lateral margins obscureyellow. Mesonotal prescutum obscure ferruginous with threevery conspicuous black stripes, the median stripe not reaching
suture, its caudal end feebly bifid; scutal lobes conspicuously
infuscated; the remainder of mesonotum obscure ferruginous.
Pleura shiny feruuginous, with an ill-defined br,own spot on
episternum; ventral portions of sternopleura infuscated. Halteres pale brown, knobs infuscated, base of stem yellow. Legs
with coxa reddish, faintly infuscated; trochanters obscure yellow; fem,ora yellow, tips rather broadly blackened; an ill-defineddusky ring near hvo-thirds the length of segment, preceded bya distinct yellowish subterminal annulus; some individuals show,in addition, a third cloud near midlength of segment; tibia pale
brown, tips darker; tarsi dark brown. Wings pale yellow, baseand costal region brighter; a very sparsre brown pattern, distributed as follows: At origin of Rs; Sc, i and a seam alongvein Cu; cord and outer end of cell l"st M, scarcely seamed withdarker; stigma an eyelike spot, r being unsearned; veins darkbrown, brighter in the yellow areas. Venation: Sc, ending justbeyond midlength of Rs; Sc, a little longer than Sc,; r about
twice its length from tip of R,; basal deflection of Cu, variable
in position, from before to beyond fork of M. Abdomen brown,
the caudal margins of segments obscure yellow; sternites obscureyellow, the caudal margins brighter; basal lateral angles ofsternites infuscated.
H abitat.-Japan( Saghalien) .
Ifolotype, female, Toyohara, Jaly 28, lg2T (7. Esaki) ; athoney bait trap.
Paratopotypes, B females, July 20 to ZB, ].g?2 (7. Esaki).
T.imoniaplutonis sp. nov.
General coloration black, sparsely pruinose; halteres yellow,
the knobs infuscated; Iegs slender, black, the femoral bases
yellow; wings yellow with a sparse brown pattern.
Female, length, 10 millimeters; wing, 'J,4.5.
Rostrum and palpi black. Antenna with the basal segment_black, the second segment brown; flagellum broken. Head dark
grcy; vertex between eyes reduced to a linear strip, the anterior

24,5Alenand,er: Japanese Crane Fliesb53

end of which is light silvery. Pronotum black, very sparsely
dusted with gray. Mesonotum black, the prescutal interspaees
sparsely pruinose, stripes shiny black; scutum, scutellum, andpostnotum clear gray pruinose. Pleura black, sparsely pruinose.
Halteres yellow, knobs infuscated. Legs with coxe black;trochanters light yellow; remainder of legs black, the femoral
bases yellow; legs relatively long and slender. Wings tinged
with yellow, base and cells C and Sc bright yellow; a consplcuous
brown stigma, extending basad in cell Lst R, to opposite fork of
Rs; a small brown cloud at origin of Rs; conspicuous brown
seams along cord and outer end of cell 1.st Mr; wing tip conspicuously dark brown, broadest in cell R, i a broad and conspicuous brown seam along vein Cu, more extensive in cell M;
veins dark brorvn, yellowish in the flavous areas. Venation:
Sc, ending just before fork of Rs, Sc, sorne distance from tip,Sc, alone about one-half longer than r; r about twice its lengthfrom tip of R,; cell 1st M, long and namow, gently widened distally, longer than the veins issuing from it; basal deflection ofCu, a short distance beyond fork of M. Abdomen dark brownish
black. Valves of ovipositor reddish horn color; valves obliquely
truncated at tips, the sternal valves more strongly so.
(Saghalien) .
Habitat.-Japan
Holotype, female, Toyohara, July 13, L922 (T. Esaki).
trimonia monacanthasp. noy.
General coloration dark brown, wings tinged with brown andwith a sparse darker brown pattern; male hypopyglum with theventral dististyle bearing on its mesal face a slender, pale, curvetl
appendage and a single blackened spine.
Male, length, about 4.8 milUmeters; wing, 6.3.
Rostrum and palpi very small, black. Antenne black throughout, the basal flagellar segments subglobular, the terminal
segments gradually more elongate; segments very short-pedicellate. I{ead black. Pronotum black. Mesonotum and pleura
dark brown, without distinct stripes. Halteres dark brown.
Legs brown throughout. Wings distinctly tinged with brown
and with a sparse, darker brown pattern, distributed as follows:
A large cloud at origin of Rs; a small cloud at tip of Sc; a large,
cireular stigmal blotch; conspicuous brown searns along cordand outer end of cell 1st M,; veins dark brown. Venation: Sc
long, ending beyond midlength of Rs, Sc, at tip of Sc,; Rs long,angulated and feebly spurred at orig:in; r about one and one-halftimes its length from tip of R, which is curved strongly into

554

The Phil,ippine Jou,rnal of Science

costa beyond it, inner ends of cells R, and 1st M, far basad ofcell Ro; basal deflection of Cu, just beyond fork of M. Abdomen
dark brown, the basal sternites a little paler. Male hypopygium(Plate 1, fig. 8) with basistyle relatively stout, the mesal face
produced into a conspicuous lobe which bears near its apex on
the caudal end a small tubercle bearing two or three long, powerful seta. Ventral dististyle fleshy, the mesal face at baseproduced mesad into a long, slender, gently eurved appendage
that is only a litble shorter than the dorsal dististyle; the inneror cephalic margin of this bears five or six setiferous tubercles
that become rnore distant from one another toward apex; apex
with a stouter seta; at base of this appendage and inserted justbeyond it on dististyle itself is a powerful spine, curved at ba.se,
the long, straight apex heavily blackened. Dorsal d"ististyle
straight basally, the apical third narrowed and bent alrnost ai
a right angle. Gonapophyses appearing a"sflattened plates, themesal apical angle produced caudad into a short, gently curvedhook.
H abitat.-Japan (Hokkaido) .
Holotype, male, Teppetsu, September 9, 1g2Z (7. Esa,ki,).
Limonia basispinasp. nov.
General coloration dark brown, the prescutalstripes pale reddish brown; wings tinged with brown, with a conspicuous darkbrown pattern; male hypopygium with the mesal face of theventral dististyle pr,oducedinto a conspicuous chitinized lobe thatbears a long, straight spine at one-third its length.
Mal'e, length, 6.2 to 7 millimeters; wing, 7.8 to 8.6. Female,length, 5 to 6.2 millimeters; wing, 6.5 to 7.2.
Rostrum and palpi black. Antennee black throughout, thebasal flagellar segrnents globular, the terminal segments passing
through oval to cylindrical, segments with a short basal pedicel.
Anterior part of vertex silvery white; remainder of head darkbrown. Pronotum pale ocherous brown medially, the lateral
margins a little darker. Mesonotal prescutum dark brown withthree conspicuous, pale reddish brown stripes; scutum pale
medially, lobes reddish brown with the mesal edge dark brown;
scuteilum and postnotum dark brown, the posterior third oflatter more reddish. Pleura dark brown, indistinctly varieg:atedwith paler brown. Halteres dark brown, the extreme baseof stem obscure yellow. Legs with coxe ocherous, the extreme
bases brown; trochanters yellow; femora pale brownish yellow,
faintly darkened to tips; remainder of legs dark brown; claws

24,6

Alenand,er: Japanese Crqne Fli,es

D OO

simple. Wings with a strong brown tinge and with a conspicuous dark brown pattern, distributed as broad clouds at origin ofRs, tip of Sc, fork of Rs, stigma, cord, outer end of cell 1st M,
and, in cases, a spot at tip of R that is distinct from stigmal
spot; wing tip distinctly darkened; veins dark brown. Venation:
Sc long, Sc, at tip of Sc' ending from two-thirds to three_fourths
the length of Rs; Rs strongly angulated and spurred at origin;r unusually variable in position, in cases more than twice its
length from tip of R,, in other examples less than its length fromtip; inner end of cell R, lying slightly basad of Lst M, and far
basad of Ru; oell lst M, closed; m shorter, usually much shorter,
than the more or less arcuate outer deflection of Mr; basal deflection of Cu, close to fork of M. Abdomen dark brown, thebasal segments a little paler. Male hypopygium (Plate 1, fig. ?)with basi's;tyle relatively stout, the mesal face produced into a
conspicuous, pale, chitinized lobe that bears at its apex on thecaudal end a conspicuous tubercle bearing about six stout sete.
Ventral dististyle fleshy, the mesal face at, base produced mesad
into a conspicuous, cylindrical arm which bears near onethird
its length a powerful, straight spine; the apical two-thirds genily
curved, bearing at its tip a group of sete. Dorsal dististylegently curved to the acute tip. Gonapophyses appearing as
flattened plates, the mesal apical angle produced caudad into agently curved hook, with a small chitinized tubercle laterad ofits base.
H abitat,.-Japan (Hokkaido) .
Holotype, male, Panketq September 6, t922 (7. Esaki\.
Allotype, female, Kamuikotan, August 22, L922 (7. Esaki),Parat5pes, 1 male, Kamiokoppe, August 27,7922 (7. Esaki,) ;L female, Kamiotoineppu, August 23,1922 (7. Esaki).
limonia subnubeculosa(Alexander).
Lhnnobi.a subrwbeculosorAr,rxANoEn,Trans, Am. Ent. Soc. 46 (1920)
5, 6.
Doctor Esaki's material includes the following reco,rds:
Saghalien: Toyohara, July 23, L922, at honey bait trap;

Odasam,August 5,1922.
The species was described from Ifonshiu and has not yet been
discovered in Hokkaido.
Timonianeonebulosa
nom. nov.
Di,cranom.gia nebulosu Ar.nrrA,NDER,Can. Ent. 45 (1918) 203 to 206,
preoccupied by Limonia nebalosu (Zetterstedt),
fns. Lapponica,
Diptera (1888) 886.

556

Th,e Plaili'ppine Journal of Science

rs21

The collection includes the following records, collected by
Doctor Esaki:
Saghalien: Toyohara, July 23, L922,at honeybait trap. Hokkaido: Sapporo,August L7, L922; Jozankei,August L9, t922;
Kamuikotan, August 22,1922; Kamiotoineppu,August 23 t'o 26,
L922; Shikaripetsu,August 26, L922; Kamiokoppe,August 27,
L922.
The fly had been known hitherto only from stations in
Honshiu. It varies considerably in size, males showing winglengths of from 4.7 to 8 millimeters.
I,imoniamachidai(Alexander).
Dicranom.giamp,chid,ai ALExANDEE,Ann. Ent. Soc. Am. 14 (1921) 113.

This little fly was described fr.om specimens taken in the vicinity of Tokyo, Honshiu. It seems to be more correctly referable to Limoruio than to Di'cranomai,a. Esaki's collection
adds the following records:
Saghalien: Toyohara, July 13 to 20, 1922. Hokkaido: Sapporo, AugusL L7, L8, 1922; Karnuikotan, August 22, L922; Kamiotoineppu, August 23, 24, 1922; Abashiri, August 30, L922.
Limonia angrstistria sp. nov.
Gener:al coloration light brownish yellow, the prescutum witha ;1-shaped brown median stripe; pleura obscure yellow witha narrow but very conspicuous dark brown longitudinal stripe;wings subhyaline, stigma darker brown; Rs angulated andspurred at origin; r at tip of R,.
Male, length, 4 to 4.8 millimeters; wing, 5.8 to 6.2. Female,length, 4.8 to 5 millimeters; wing, 6.2 to 6.8.
Rostrum and palpi brown. Antenne black throughout, theflagellar segments subgtrobular, passing into oval toward endof organ. Head 'dark brown. Mesourotal prescutum lightbrownish yellow, the median stripe darker brown, beyond midlength of sclerite becoming obliterated but at this point becoming confluent with the lateral stripes, thus appearing ;1-shaped,
the arms inclosing a pale triangle at suture; Iateral margins
of segments faintly infuscated; remainder of mesonotum lightbrownish yellow, the scutal lobes dark brown. Pleura obscureyellow with a narrow but very conspicuous d.ark brown longitudinal stripe extending from propleura to base of abdomen,
passing beneath roqt of halteres; stemopleura fainfly darkened between fore and middle coxa. Halteres pale brown, theknobs a little darker, base of stem narrowly brightened. Legs

Alenand,er: Japonese Crane Fl/ies

24,5

oot

with coxe and trochanters yellow; femora obscure yellow;
tibia and tarsi pale brown, the terminal segments of latterdarkened. Wings subhyaline, stigma pale brown, circular tooval in outline, veins dark brown. Yenation: Sc long, Sc, ending from two-thirds to three-fourths the length of Rs, Sc,
close to its tip; Rs angulated and feebly spurred at origin; r
at tip of Rr; inner end of cell R, far distad of inner ends ofcells Ro and lst M, i m a little shorter than outer d,eflection ofM"; basal deflection of Cu. near fork of M; Cu, and basal deflection of Cu. subequal. Abdominal tergites dark brown, thecaudal margins of segments narrowly yellowish; basal stemites
paler but similarly marked; hypopygium and genital segmentof female obscure yellow. Male hypopygtum (Plate 1, fig. 6)
with each basistyle cylindrical, the mesal face with a moderately large setiferous lobe; dististyles two, one fleshy throughout, enlarged basally, narrowed to the slender apex, the mesalor cephalic face with numerous large seta which become modified into powerful yellow spines on basal half of style to form
a comb; the other dististyle is complicated in structure, consisting of two chitinized arms and a bilobed fleshy outer lobe
that is provided with long seta; the longest chitinized lobe
produced into a slender beak, on outer margin before tip witha few powerful bristles; second atm a small, ovate blackened
scale at base of the larger one. Gonapophyses relatively
slender. .?Edeagusbilobed at apex.
Habi,tat.-Japan (Ilokkaido) .
Ilolotype, male, Kamuikotan, August 22, tgZZ (7. Esaki).'Allotype, female, Kamiokoppe, August 27, tg22 (7. Esalci'1.
Paratopotypes, 11 males and females; paratypes, 1 male, 1femalg with the allotype; 2 males and females, Jozankei, August 19, L922 (T. Esaki); 2 males, Kamiotoineppu, August 24,
1922 (7. Esaki); 1 male, Nayoro, August 26,7gZZ (T. Esald).
Li,monin angtntistrio bears a considerable resemblance toL. rnachid,ai Alexander in size and general coloration but
is readily separated by the details of color and the structureof the hypopygium.
limonia amabilis sp. nov.
General coloration light yellow; head and antenne black;mesonotal prescutum with a single, narrow, dark brown, Dtsdian stripe; legs blaek, the femora with an ortensive, obscureyellow ring before tips; wings light yellow with a sparse brown
200486-4

558

The Pluili.ppineJou,mal,of Sciencerszl

pattern that includes a large stigma; Rs strongly arcuated;caudal margins of abdominal segmentsnarrowly darkened.
Female, length, 8.5 to 9 millimeters; wing, 7 to 9.
Rostrum and palpi black. Antenne black, the apex of first
and the entire second scapal segment obscure yellow. Headdark brownish black, sparsely pruinose. Pronotum darkbrown, narrowly yellowish laterally. Mesonotum light yellow, prescutum with a single namow dark brown stripe thatis narrowed behind and becomesobsoletebefore,suture. Pleurauniformly yellow. Halteres yellow, the knobs dark brown.
Less with coxe and trochanters yellow; femora brownish black,the extreme tips very narrowly obscure yellow; an extensive
obscureyellow annulus before the slightly less extensive black
tips; remainder of legs blaek. Wings light yellow with asparse brown pattern; stigma large, rdark brown; cord and' outer end of cell lst M" narrowly seamedwith dark browri; asmall brown cloud near midlength of cell R, this sometimes
barely evident; veins dark brown. Venation: Rs ehort andvery strongly arcuated; Sc, at tip of Sc' ending near twothirds the length of sector; r removed froun tip of R, to atleast two times its length; basal deflection of Cu, near fork of
M. Abdomen obscure yellow, the caudal margins of segments
narrowly darkened. Ovipositor with the valves relatively shortand stouf especially the ventral valves.
Habitat.-Japan (Hokkaido) .
Holotype,female,Kamiotoineppu,August ZE,1^gZZ(7. Esaki),Paratopotypes,4 females, August 28 to 25, L9ZZ; 1 female,
Kamuikotan, August 22, lg2T (T. Esalci\; 1 female, Jozankei,
August L9, L922 (T. Esaki\.
Genusr.rRN0TESWestwood
UbnotesWosrwooD,Trans. Ent. Soc.London (18?6) 608.
The genus Libnotes is a chiefly oriental group which sends
two species into Hokkaido.
fibnotes longistigmaAlexander.
Librwtes lungistigma, ATTExANDER,
Insec. Inscit. Menst. 9 (1921) 180,
181.

Specimensfrom Jozankei, August 19, 1922, and Kamiotoineppu, August 23, 24, t922, were taken by Esaki. The species
was describedfrom Koto-sho Islands,near Formosa, and,is close
to L, strigiaenn (Walker).

24,6Aleuand,er: Jo,paneseCrone Fli,es559

Libnotes nohirai Alexander.
Libnotes rwhi,rai ATTffiANDER,Ann. Ent. Soc. Am. 11 (1918) 445.

Esaki's material includes specimensfrom the foltrowing localities in Hokkaido:
Akan, September3, 1922; Panketo, September 6, L922; Shikotsu, September24, L922.
The type locality is Iwate Province, northern Honshiu.
Genus ETIIPTERASchiner
Elli,pteraScnrrwn,Wien. Ent. Monatschr.7 (1863) 222.
The genus Ell;i,ptera ineludes six clescribed species, two from
Europe, three from westerrt North America, and a single small
species from eastern Norbh America (southern Illinois to Tennessee). The discovery of an undescribed species in Japan was
therefore to be expected.
Elliptera zipanguensissp. nov.
General coloration brownish black; wings distinctly tinged
with brown; r preserved; basal deflection of R4*donly a little
longer than r-m; cell 1st M, open by the atrophy of the outerdeflection of Mr.
Femal6, length, 5.8 millimeters; wing, 8.4.
Rostrum and palpi brownish black. Antenne biack throughout, the flagellar segments with a dense white pubescence.
Head black, anterior part of vertex sparsely pruinose; vertex
between eyes broad, with a compressed median ridge immediately behind antennal bases. Mesonotum shiny brownish
black, the lateral margins of prescutum paler. Pleura brownish
black with a longitudinal gray stripe across dorsal margin ofsternopleura; dorsopleural membrane dark brown. Halteresdark brown, the base of stem narrowly yellowish. Legs withcoxe greenish testaeeous, the fore coxe infuscated basally;trocha^nters greenish brown; remainder of legs darker brown,
the femoral bases paler. Wings distinctly tinged with brown;
stigma lacking; veins darker brown. Venation: Sc, long, ending a distance before base of deflection of R.*o that is subequal
to the length of Iatter, Sc, immediately before origin of long Rs,
the latter longer than R,*, alone; the apparent r distinctly preserved, lying beyond fork of Rs a distance about equal to basal
deflection of Rn*o; inner ends of cells R' R, and 1st M, in approximate alignment; deflection of R.*o only about one-third
longer than r-m and nearly straight;-basal deflection of Mr*,

560

The Philippi,ne Joumal of Sci.ence!sz4

arcuated; cell 2nd M, approximately as long as its petiole; basal
deflection of Cu, beyond fork of M. Abdomen dark brown, thesternites obscure yellow, only the subterminal segments infuscated. Ovipositor with the valves horn-colored, the tergal
valves'short, very strongly upcurved.
Habi,tot.-J apan (Hokkaido) .
Holotype, female, Shikotsu, September 24, lrg1? (7. Esakil.
Elliptera zipanguensis is a very distinct species, remarkablein the retention of the apparent radial cross vein, which as wasindicated by me in earlier papers is, in the Tipulide, almost certainly the basal deflection of vein R,. The true r is thus presumably lacking in the Diptera, its occurrence in Dicronota,
Rlw,platilolnbirw, and Polgongaeus being due to a supernumerary eross vein that has persisted in this position in cell Rr.
The present species is further charae.terized by the very elongate sc and Rs and the shortened, subtransverse basal deflection_of R.u. The specific name is derived from Zipangu,-Sun.
Marco Polo's designation for the Empire of the Rising
Genus HELIUS St. Fargeau and ServilleHelius Sr. FA*'EAU and Smvrul,o, Encycl. Meth. Ins. 10, Index (1g2g)
831.
Rhnmphiilia MErcEN,Syst. Beschr. 6 (1880) 281.
f,etrius (Ilelius) tenuirostris sp. nov.

General ooloration shiny yellow, the prescutum with a median dark brown stripe; rostrum long and slender, equal inlength to thorax; wings tinged with gray, the costal region yel_lowish i wing apex infuscated; abdominal tergites yellow,
ringed with brown.
Male, length (excluding rostrum), Z millimeters; wing, ?
to 7.5; rostrum alone, about 1.8 to Z. Female, length, ?.6 to8 millimeters; wing, 7 to 7.2; rostrum alone,about 1.9.
Rostrum unusuall;' long and slender, about as long as thorrax
aloue, rostrum and palpi black. Antenne very short, withconspicuousverticils, brown, the second segment obscure yel,low. Head brownish gray; vertex between eyes very narrow.
Pronotum obscure yellow, infuscated medially. 'I\fesonotal
prescutum shiny reddish yellow, the humeral region
cleareryellow; a shiny brown median stripe; scutar robes dark brown,
the median area pale; scuterum brownish brack; postnotum
brown, passing into reddish yeilow laterally. pleura reddish
yellow. Halteres pale brownish yellow, brighter at base.

z4.s

Aleuander: JapaneseCrqne Fli,esb61

Legs with coxe and trochanters reddish yellow; femora obscure yellow, the tips narrowly blackened; tibia pale brown,
tips very narrowly blackened; tarsi black. Wings tinged with
gray; cells C and Sc more yellowish; stigma oval, brown;
wing tip distinctly infuscated; veins brown, those in costal
region yellowish. Venation: Sc, ending just before fork of
Rs; r-m shorter than deflection of R.*u; basal deflection ofCu, beyond fork of M, in so{necasesthe distance equal to approximately one-half the deflection. Abdominal tergites obscure yellow, the basal half or more of segments infuscated;sternites uniformly yellow; a subterminal black ring on
segments7 and 8; hypopygium shiny reddish yellow. In thefemale, the abdciminal tergites are dark brswn. Ovipositor'with the tergal valves very long and slender, straight.
Habitat.-Japan (Hokkaido and Honshiu).
Holotype, male, Mount Minomo, Settsu-no-kuni, Honshiu,
June22, L922 (T. Esaki,).
Allotopotype, female.
Paratopotypes,3 males; paratypes, L malg 1 female, Jozankei, Hokkaido, August L9, 1922 (7. Esaki).
Genus DICRANOPTYCEA
Osten Sacken
DicranoptAcho
217.

OsruN SlcxnN,

Proc. Acad. Nat.

Sci. Phila.

(1859)

Dicranoptychavenosa sp. nov.
General coloration gtayi halteres yellow; legs black, femoral
bases yello% narrowest on forelegs, broadest on posterior femora; wings brownish yellow, base and costal region clear yellow;
longitudinal veins seamed with brown; r some distance fromtip of R,.
Male, length, 8.5 to 10 millimeters; wing, 10 to 10.5. Female, length, 10 millimeters; wing, 11.
Rostrum and palpi black. Antenne with first segment ofscape black; second segment obscure yellow; flagellum brownish black, the proximal segments a little paler on basal half.
Head gray. Mesonotum gray, prescutum with four rather illdefined dark brown stripes. Pleura dark gray, indistinctly
varieg'ated with black. Halteres yellow. Legs with coxe andtrochanters obscure yellow; fore femora black with about thebasal third yellow; other femora obscure yellow with about
the distal third or less black, this a little more extensive on
middle legs; remainder of legs brownish black. Wings brown-

562

The Phili'ppi'ne Journal of ScienceLe24

ish yellow, base and cells c and sc clearer yellow; longitudinalveins seamed with darker, this especially conspicuous on veins
Cu and Cur l veins black, yellow in the flavous costal areas'
including stigma. Venation: Sc, ending opposite midlength thedeflection of Rn*u,Sc, at itstip; R. beyiondr equal to or subequal
to basal deflection of Rn*u; Rs longer than cell lst M,; Rs
and Rr*rrun very close to R'.i m short; basal deflection of Cu,
from one-third to one-half its length beyond the tork of M'
Abd,omen dark brown.
(Saghalien and Hokkaido).
Habitat':-Japan
Holotype, male, Shikaripetsu, Itrokkaido, August 26, t922 (T.
Esaki,).
Allotype, female, Ponkikin, Hokkaido, September 2, 1922 (7.
Esaki).
Paratypes, 3 males, Shikotsu, Hokkaido, September 24, 7922
(7. Esaki); 1 female, Shimizu, Sag:halien, July 27, L922 (T.
Esaki); 1 male, Maoka, Saghalien, July 28, 1922 (T. Esulct'\.
Genus ANT0CEA Osten Sacken
Antocha Ostnx SlcruN,

Proc. Acad. Nat. Sci. Phila' (1859) 219.

No fewer than six species of Antocha were found in the present collection. The genus appears to be an ancient one thatelsewhere in the world persists only as scattered species living
und.er favorable conditions, chiefly in mountainous and hilly
sections of the Holarctic Region. Hitherto not more than two
species had been found in any one given region and the discovery of six species occurring in the vicinity of Sapporo, Hokkaido, was very surlprising. The early stages of members of
the genus, insofar as they are known, are spent in running water, and it seems probable that the numerous mountain streamsof Japan have done much to favor the development and preservation of species of this genus. The Japanese species of thegenus may be separated by means of the accompanying key.
A Keg to the Japanese Specias of tha Genus Antoaha.
[Males only.]
1. Legs very long and reiatively stout, densely clothed with conspicuous
erect sete; in the male, opposable tubercles at tip of tibia ancl baseof basitarsus; tarsi very short; in the female, tergal valves of ovipositor very short and stout, heavily chitinized, the ventral margin(Subgenus Proantnclua Alexander.)2,
serrate.
----..---------Legs relatively long and slender, clothed with inconspicuous, appressed
sete; in the male, legs unarmed and tarsi of normal length; in the24,6

Ale*ander:

Jaqanese Crwe

Fli'es563

female, all valves of ovipositor slender, their margins smooth. (Sub3.
geaus Antocho Osten Sacken.)---.---------------.
---------'-------------2. Latge species (wing of male over 12 millimeters) ; posterior tarsi very
(Honshiu.)
short, less than one-fourth the length of tibi'e.
A (P.) sBiniler Alex.
smaller species (wing of male less than 8 millimeters) I posterior tarsi(Ilokkaido')
more than one-fourth the length of tibie'
A. (P.) serricauila sp. nov.
3. Sc long, Sc, ending opposite fork of Rs or very nearly so"-------'------4'
Sc shorter, Sc, ending some distance before fork of Rs-"'-"'-"""'-"- 5'with the4. Wings wittr stigrna distinct, veins dark; male hypopygium
apex produced into a slenderglabrous dististyle heavily chitinizeil,(Ilonshiu and Hokkaido')
ioint; edeagus cleflored at tip'
A. (A) satsuma Alex.
'Wings with stigua lacking, veins palel male hypoaygium with theglabrous ilististyle weakly chitinized, apex feebly notchecl; aedeagus
A' (A') bitr'ls sp' no%(Honshiu and Hokkaido.)---'--""""'straight.
lobe on mesal facesetiferous
5. Basistyle of male hypopygium without ato an acutenarrowed
gradually
chitinized,
glabrous
dististyleat base;at base. (Ilokkaido.)
point; setiferoo" ai.tirtvte broadly iu"t"aA- (A.) alilatata sp. nov.
Basistyle of male hypopygium with a small setiferous lobe on mesal faceat basel glabrous distisryle feebly chitinized; setiferous dististyle not---"'-""'-'-'-' 6'
dilated at base--------length of
6. Wings strongly tingpd with brown; r-m near on+third thethe glawith
hypopygium
male
slender;cei lst Mz; legs relatively
gonapophyses
brous dististyle slender, tapering to the subacute tip;
(Hokkaido.)straight.
'Wings]earlyhyaline;
r-m immediately before midlength of cell 1st M,ilegs conspieuous, long and relatively stout; male hypopygium with tbe
gilbtoo.
dististyle broad, apex feebly bificl; gonapophyses sinuous'.---------a. (A') brevistvls sp' noY'
lUott.iAo.l.

Antocha(Proantocha)serriaauilasp. nov.
size medium (wing under 8 millimeters); general coloration
yellow; tarsi of male more than one-fourth the length of tibie'
Male, length, 5 to 6 millimeters; wing, 5.8 to 7'5' Female,length, 6 to 6 millimeters; wing, 6 to 7.5 millimeters.
Rostrum and palpi obscureyellow. Antenna pale browu, thebasal segment more yellowish. Head pale yellowish brown,
sparselypruinose. Thorax yellow, prescutum and scutal lobesa
trifle more fulvous. Halteres pale, knobs only slightly darker.
Legs with cox and trochanters yellow; remainder of legs
]rellowishtestaeeous,the terminal segmentsdark; legs conspicuously hairy, 'as ir this group. Wings yellowish subhyaline;
veins pale brownish yellow. Venation: r a little more than its
length from tip of Rr; basal deflectionof Cu, approximately one-

564

The Phtkppine Journal of Sci'ence

third its length, or less, before fork of M. Abdomen with tergites reddish brown, the caudal and lateral margins of segments
clearer yellow; sternites obscure yellow. Male hypopygium(Plate 2, fig. 9) with the ninth tergite bearing two rounded
lobes, these separated by a relatively broad U-shaped notch.
Basistyle relatively slender, evenly covered with a few longsete, these more numerousand more delicateon the mesalface;mesal face at base producedinto a large setiferous lobe. Dististyles two, the glabrous styie a broad, paddle-like blade with aconspicuoug erect marginal tooth; setiferous style clavate,
densely setiferous. Gonapophyses straight, blunt at tips.
.?Edeagrrssubtended on either side by a large flaring blade.
Ovipositor with the tergal valves short and very stout, heavily
chitinized, the ventral edge with about a dozertteeth, the outerones smaller, the basal ones more obtuse; a dense pencilof yellow sete on either side of terg:ite, these directed caudad.
Habitat.-Japan (Hokkaido) .
Holotype, male, Jozankei,August 20, L922 (T. Esaki,).
Allotype, female, Sapporo, June 25, 1921 (S. Kuwagama).
No. 105.
Paratopotypes,13 males and females,August L9, L922; paratype, 1 female, Shikaripetsu, August 26, L922 (7. Esalci').
Antocha(Antocha)satsumaAlexander.
AntochasatsumaArux.lNom, Ann. Ent. Soc.Am. 12 (1919) 332.
This species was described from Honshiu. The following
specimens are in the present collection from Hokkaido:
Sapporo, August L7, L922; Jozankei, August 19, L922; Kamuikotan, August 22, 23, L922; Kamiotoineppu, August 24 to 26,
L922; Kamiokoppe, August 27, L922 (7. Esaki.).
The male hypopygrum is figured on Plate 2, fig. 13.
Antocha (Antocha) bifirla sp. nov.
General co'loration pale ocherous, with three pale brown
stripes; basal antennal segments pale, the terminal segxnents
darkened ; wings subhya^line,stigma lacking, veins pale; Sc long;male hypopygrum with the ninth tergite having a conspieuous
lateral tooth on either side; glabrous dististyle weakly bifid at
apex.
Male, length,4.2 to 4.8 millimetersi wing, 5.3 to 5.6. Female,length, 5.5 millimeters; wing:, 6.5.
Rostrum pale, palpi light brown, the basal segment pale.
Antenne with scape pale, the basal flagellar segxnents pale, at

24,6

Alerander:

Japanese Crane Fl,ies

565

least basally; terminal segmentsoval, passing into uniform darkbrown. Head dark gray. Mesonotal prescutum pale ocherous,
with three pale brown stripes, the broad median stripe indistinctly split by a pale vitta; scutum brown, only the median area
a little paler; scutellum and postnotum pale, the latter darker
apically. Pleura reddish brown, very slightly pruinose. Halteres pale, knobs feebly darkened. Legs with coxa and trochanters yellow; remainder of legs obscureyellow, the terminal tarsal
segments darkening into brown. Wings subhyaline, stigma
lacking or barely indicated; veins paie brown, those in thevicinity of stigma more yellowish. Venation: Sc long, Sc,
ending immediately before or opposite fork of Rs; r faint, inaligrrment with r-m, one and one-half times its length from tipof R, ; veins R r*, and R .*ustrongly divergent at base,R r*,being
subperpendicularto end of Rs; basal deflection of Cu, at or before fork of M. Distribution of macrotrichia differing from therelated A. iaaanensis Alexander; none at extreme tip of R r*r.
macrotrichire on R**o including the distal two-thirds to threefourths of veins; distal sectionsof veins Mr., and M, with macrotrichie almost to their bases; Cu, with more or fewer
macrotrichie at tip. In A. iaaanensis there are two or threemacrotrichie at the di,stal end of vein Rr,r; those or R.*u, Mr,,
and M. virtually confined to the ourter halves of the sections;none on distai section of Cu,. Abdominal tcrgites dark brown,
the caudal margins narrowly pale; basal sternites yellow, thesubterminal sternites passingiinto brown, with pale caudal margins; hypopygiumyellow. Male hypopygium (Plate 2, fig. 10)with the ninth tergite bidentate, a conspicuouslateral tooth oneither side, widely separated by a setiferous U-shaped notch.
Basistyles relatively slender, distribution of seta even, no tubercle on mesal face at base. Dististyles two, the glabrous one
rather strongly chinitized throughout its length, curved, apex
weakly notched; setiferousstyle subequalto last in length, nearly
uniform in width throughout its length. Gonapophysesrelatively short, straight, tips subacute. Proctiger conspicuous,its
caudal margin oval in outline.
Habitat.-Japan (Honshiu and ltrokkaido).
Holotype, maJe, Jozankei, Holiikaido, August, L9' L922 (f.
Esaki).
Allotype, female, Gifu, Mino Province, Honshiu, October 10,
1920 (K. Takeuchi,).
Paratopotypes,2 males; paratypes, 1 male, Sapporo, August
L7, 1922 (7. Esal*); 4 males and females, Kamiotoineppu,

566

The Phili,ppine Journal of Sciencersz4

August 23, 24, IWZ (7. Esaki); 20 males and females,withthe allotype, October1 to 10, 1920.
_ fn some cases,gray individuals are found, as is commonin
the g:enusAntocha.
Lntocha(&rtocha) rtilatatasp. nov.
Generalcoloration gray, prescutum with three brown stripes;
wings subhyalinq stigma lacking, veins pale; Sc short; malehypopygiurn with basistyleslacking a setiferous lobe on mesal
face at base; glabrous dististyle terminating in a chitinized
point; setiferous style conspicuouslydilated ai ba.".
Male, length, 4.5 to b millimeters; wing, b to b.b. Female,leng:th,about 6 millimeters; wing:, 6.5 to 7.
Rostrum pale brown, in some specimensbrightening into
yellow; mouth parts brown. Antenne with the bLal segments
usually pale, the terminal segmentspassing into brown. Headdark brown, gene light gray pruinose. Mesonotal prescutum
dull gray with three brown stripes; scutum gray, lobes withbrown c_enters;scutellunr and postnotum light gray. pleura
gr?y. Halteres pale. r,egs with co:re and trochanters
lightyellow, fore coxa gray pruinose at base; fore femora yellowish,
the other femora brownish yeilow; remainder of Iegs
brown,
the terminal tarsal segments dark brown. Wings subhyatineor whitish subhyaline, stigma lacking; veins pale and very
indistinct. Venation: Sc short, Sc, ending ,o*L di*t"ncebe_fore fork of Rs; eell Sc, chitinized; r-m at from one-third
to
one-fourth the length of cell lst M, the ba"salsectionof Mr*,
short and straight;'basal deflectionof cu. from one-third
to onehalf itsllength before fork of M. Abdonaendark brown,sternites pale, brownish yeilow; hypopygial basistyresconspicuousry
yeJlow. Male hypopygium (plate 2, fig.14) withthe basistytes
relatively long but stout, sete uniformly distributed; no setiferous lobe on mesal face at base. Dististyles two, the gtabrous
style chitinized, especialy apicalry, brroaderat base,
Iapering
ttradually to the genfly curved, subacute apex; setifer.ous styleconspicuouslydilated on inner margin at base. Cooapopfryseu*lo"t, appearing as rather broad flattened blades. ,?Eieagus
slender, sides at base weakly setiferous.
Habit at.-J apan (Hokkaido) .
Holof,ype,male, Karniotoineppu,August 24, irg}Z (7.
Esaki).
Allotopotype, female.
Paratopotypes, 13 males and females, August.
24, 25, lgi2z(sometaken in copula) ; paratypes, 6 males,"0 t"*.i"c 'Joun.

24,6

Alerander:

Japanese Crane Fli,es

567

kei, August, L9, 1922; 1 femaie, Lake of Akan, September 7,
t922;1female, Panketo, September6,1922 (T. Esald,).
Antocha (Antocha) brevinerwissp. nov.
General coloration gray, prescutum with three dark brown
stripes; wings tinged with brown; vein Sc short; male hypopygium with a setiferouS lobe on mesal face of each basistyle;gonapophyses short.
Male, length, 4 to 5.2 millimeters; wing, 4.3 to 6.4. Female,length, 5 millimeters; wing, 4.8.
Rostrum and palpi dark brown. Antenna dark brown. Headbrown, sparsely pruinose. Mesonotum grayish brown, prescutum with three dark brown stripes, the lateral margins clearer
gray; remainder of mesonotum clearer gray, the scutal lobes
infuscated. Pleura dark grayish brown. Halteres dark brown,
the extreme base of stem yellow. Legs with coxe dark brown,
sparsely pruinose; trochanters dark brown, the fore trochantersbrighter; remainder of legs dark brown, the posterior legs
uniformly paler; setm of iegs short, appressed. Wings tinged
with brown; stigma elongate, pale brown; veins dark brown.
Venation: Sc short, Sc, ending some distance before end of Rs;
the parb of r within stigma faint; basal deflection of Cu, only
a short distance before fork of M. Abdomen dark brown, pruinose. Male hypopygium (Plate 2, fig. 12) with basistyles on
mesal face at base with a small obtuse tubercle, densely set withsete; lateral face of each basistyle glabrous or nearly so.
Glabrous dististyle uniformly colored throughout, apex subacute.
Gonapophyses shorter, stouter and straighter than in A. satsu,mn.
( Hokkaido) .
Habi,tut.-Japan
Holotype, male, Jozankei, August L9, 1922 (T. Esaki),
Allotopotype, female.
Paratopotype, 1 male; paratypes, 1 male, Lake of Akan, September 4, 1922 (7. Esa,ki), 1 male, in poor condition, Sapporo,
June 25, 1921 (S. Kuwwa.mn), No. 102.
The Jozankei specimens are very small (the minimum measurements given) but undoubtedly refer to this species.
Antocha (Antocha) brevistyla sp. nov.
Size large (wing of male over 7 millimeters); general colorocherous, pronotum and prescutum darker medially; legs darkbrown; wing:s with Sc short; male hypopyglum with dististyles
relatively short, the glabrous style dilated into a blade that isfeebly notched at apex.

,rancler: JapaneseCrane Flies
568

The Phili'ppine Journal of Science

Male, length, about 5.3 millimeters; wing, ?.2.
Rostrum ocherous,palpi black. Antenna d'arkbrown throughout. Head dark, silvery gray pruinoseon anterior part of vertex.
Pronotum ocherous,broadly dark brown medially. Mesonotal
prescutumreddish brown, darker brown medially; lateral stripes
obliterated; scutum and scutellum pale brown; postnotum pale
brown, darker posteriorly. Pleura pale, sternopleurainfuscated.
Halteres pale, knobs infuscated. Legs with coxa pale, the outerfacesdarkened;trochanters pale, dark brown apically; remainderof legs dark brownish black, the femoral basesa little paler; legs
relatively stout, but elongate; claws with a long, slender, basal
spine. Wings subhyaline; stigma barely indicated; veins pale
brown. Venation: Sc ending some distance before fork of Rs,
as in A. breai,neyuis,costabeyondthis fusion slightly incrassatedand apparently filling cell Scrl r very faint; r-m just beforti
midlength of cell 1st M,, the basal section arcuate, the distal
section straight; basal deflectionof cu, immediately before fork"of M. Abdominal tergites obscurebrownish yellow, with indisternites obscureyellow, the- cations of a darker median stripe;
lateral marg:ins darkened. Male hypopygtum (Plate 2, fig.
11) with basistylesrelatively slender,the mesalface grooved,atthe bottom of this groove a small, oval, setiferous lobe. Disti'
styles unusually short, the glabrous one feebly expandedapicallyinto a blade, apex weakly notched; setiferous style curved, clavate, with abundant short but conspicuousseta. Gonapophypes
slender, sinuous, their tips acute. Proctigers broad, almost
straight acrosstheir caudal margins, their sur"facecoveredwith
abundant microscopic setre.
H abi.tat.-Xapan (Hokkaido) .
Holotype, male, Sapporo, August I7, L922 (7. Esolci,)Genus PEDICIALatreille
Peiti,aia,Llrnurr.r,n, Ilist. Nat. Crust. et Ins. a (1809) 255.
Dai.miotipu,laMATsuMUBA,Thous. Ins. Japan, Add. 2 (1916) 463.
Petlicia ttaimio (Matsumura).
Daimiotipda d,uimio MltsuMuRE, Thous. Ins' Japan, Ann. 2 (1916)
463.

Matsumura'st5rye,a female, was from Sapporo,Ilokkaido. A
pair in the present collection is from Abashiri. The unknown
male may be describedas follows:
Allotype, male, length, 24 millimeters; wing, 23.

b6g

Antennal scape black, contrasting with the pare brown flag:ellum. Vertical tubercle high, conical. Ilead dark gray. Me_dian prescutal stripe entire or very indistincfly bisected by aeapillary pale vitta. Femora yellow, tips conspicuouslyblackened, more narrowly and abruptly on the posterior femora.
Wings with the pattern dark brown; the brown band along cordeonnectswith a narrow border uniting the spot at origin of
Rs with the stigmal region, but isolates a large hyaline spot
before stigma, immediately beneath tip of Rr; base of cell Cuvery narrowly darkened. Venation: Rs square at origin, opposite Sc,; petiole of cell M, only a litfle longer than m; cell
2d A broad. Abdomen with the basal tergite brightened, except medially; intermediate tergites brown, base narrowly pale;terminal segmentsdark brown, gray pruinose.
Allotype, male, Abashiri, Hokkaido, August 80, tgZZ (7.
Esabi.)
Genus REAPHID0T.AnINA
Alexander
Bhaphid.olabina AtuANorn,proc. Acad. Nat

Sci. phila.

(1916) 640.

Bhaphitlolabina gibbera Alexander.
Raphil,olabinn gibbera AII:IANDER, Ann. Ent. Soc. Am. 14 (L)ZL)

LZL.

Toyohara,Saghalien,July 20, I9ZZ (7. Esald); Maoka, Saglnlien, July 28, 1922 (7. Esaki,); Manui, Saghalien,August B,
7922 (T. Esaki).
The species was described from rather imperfect material
taken in central Honshiu. The following additional details ofeoloration should be given: The fore and middle legs are very
different in color from the posterior legs, the femora being
abruptly and entirely brownish black, the tibie and tarsi conspicuouslylight yellow, only the terminar segmentsof the latterbeing a little darkened.
The following notes by the collector are of interest. .,Theseflies swarm like gnats and the black fore and middre femora lookvery strange in flight."-fs'iss Esaki.
Genus P0LYAIIGAEUS
Doane- Polgongaeus
DoANE,Journ. N. y. Ent Soc.I (1900) 196.
Polyangaeusgloriosussp. nov.
General coloration yellowish ocherous; antennal flagellum_vellow; legs yellow, femora and tibie broadly and conspicuously
blackened terminally; wings subhyaline, with a brown, cross-

570

The Phi,lippi,ne Journal of Sci'ence

rs21

banded pattern, the costal cell clear, sparsely variegated withdarker; supernumerary cross veins in cells R' Rn, M, and M.
Male, length, 11 to 12 millimeters; wing, 9.6 to 10.
Rostrum and palpi brownish black. Antennrre very small,the first scapal segment black, the second dark brown; flagellum
conspicuously light yellow, segments subg:lobular. Head darkbrom, the occipital region a little paler. Pronotum broadly
dark brown medially, the lateral portions ocherous. Mesonotal
prescutum yellowish oeherous, with three broad reddish brown
stripes that are practically confluent; scutal lobes reddish brownon their cephalic halves; scutellum and postnotum yellow.
Pleura yellow, mesopleura indistinctly suffused with darker.
Halteres pale, knobs weakly infuscated. Legs with coxe yellow,
the middle and posterior coxrc infuscated on their outer faces;
trochanters yellow, their caudal margins slishtly infuscated;femora and tibiee yellow, tips broadly and very conspicuously
brownish black, these areas approximately equal on all segments;
basitarsi yellow, passing into brown at tip; remainder of tarsi
dark brown. Wings subhyaline, with a handsome bright browncross-banded pattern that is generally similar to that found incertain species of. Epiphragma, distributed as follows: At base ofwing; at origin of Rs, including both basal cells; along cord,
completely traversing wing; at outer deflection of Rr; a broad
subterminal band having m and the supernumefary cross veinsin eells R' Rn and M. as centers, continued to wing margin alongveins; all of these brown areas are bordered with still darker
brown; a series of from four to eight brorvn spots in cell Cu; area
immediately behind vein Cu darkened; still darker brown areasat h; in cell C above Scr; in outer end of cell C; at end of cell Cu
and vein 1st A; a largie blotch at end of vein 2d A, and asmaller area in base of cell 1st A; veins yellow, darker in theinfuscated areas. Venation: Sc, ending jirst before origin of Rs;
outer deflection of R, from one to two times its length from tipof Rr; Rs angulated and spurred at origin; R, spurred immediately beyond base; cell R. petiolate, the petiole about equal tor-m; cell 1st M, closed; petiole of cell M, a little longer thanm; basal deflection of Cu, about one-third its length beyond forkof M; supernumerary cross veins distributed as follows: in cellR, near the distal end, in cell Rn at two-thirds the length; in cellM, ?t from one.third to one-half the lengJh, in cell M opposite Sc..
In the type, cell M, is sessile and unusually long, the supernumerary cross vein being at two-thirds the length. In a para-

Al,erander: Japanese Crane Flies

24,6

57L

type, true r is present in both wings, just beyond spur on R,.
Basal abdominal tergites brown, paler laterally; basal stendtes
yellow, the caudal margins narrowly ringed with dark brown;
terminal segments uniformly dark brown.
H abitat.-Japan (Saghalien) .
Holotype, male, Shimizu, July 27,7922 (7, Esaki).
Paratopotypes, 3 males.
Polyangaeus glori,osus is the largest and most beautiful speciesof the genus yet discovered.
'
Dicranota

Genus DICRAN0TA Zetterstedt
Zuttmstuot,

Ins. Lapponica, Dipt.

(1838) 851.

Dicrarnotayezoensissp. nov.
Male, length, 6.3 millimeters; wing,7.
Generally similar to D. nipponica Alexander, differing asfollows: Antenne of male elongate, if bent backward extending
to mid-distance between base of wing and haltere; flagellar
segruents elongate, shiny black, with a white pubescence. General coloration of prescutum darker gray, stripes less contrasted.
Wings with ground color somewhat darker, stigrna distinct, darkbrown; a distinct brown cloud extending from fork of Rs to
end of r-m. Venation: Rs angulated and slightly spurred atorigin; m present but faint, closing eell 1st M,; petiole of cellM, about one-half longer than cell. Macrotrichia of, wing veinslonger and more conspicuous.
( Hokkaido)
Habitat.-Japan
Ilolotype, male, Lake of Akan, September 4, L922 (T. Esaki).
Genus IEAPEID0f,IISIS Osten Sacken
BhaplviilblabisOsrsN SlcrEN, Mon. Dipt. N. Am. 4 (1869) 284.
Rhaphiilolabis flavibasis Alexander.
Ann. Ent. Soc. Am. 12 (1919)
Rhaphirlolab'is flatfibasis AT,ffiANDER,
343.
One female from Toyohara, Saghalien,
Jaly L7, L922 (7.

Esaki). The species was described from Houshiu, but has not
yet been found in Hokkaido.
Bhaphiilolabissuboonsorssp. nov.
Male, length, about 4.5 millimeters; wing, 6.1.
: Generally similar to R. consors Alexander, differing as follows:
Pronotum, mesonotal prescutum, scutum, postnotum, and572

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Le24

thoracic pleura dark gray, scutellunr,and posterior portions of
the scutal lobesreddish; prescutumwith a distinct black medianstripe and less distinct lateral stripes. Wings with petioleof cellM" only as long as the basal deflectionof Cu,. Male hypopyglum
with the mesal apical angle of basistyle produced into a short'broad, blunt lobe,the truncate apex of which is denselyset withstrong sete. Outer dististyle triangular, fleshy, surface with
abundant, hairlike setre; inner dististyle smooth, large, andflattened. Lateral gonapophysesappearing as long, strongly
curved hooks,the long acute tips of which are producedmesadand cephalad,almost contiguouson midline of body.
Habi.tat.-Japan (Hokkaido).
Holotype,male,Lake Shikotsu,September24,1922 (T. Esahi').
Tribe

24,6

Alexanl,er:

Jaxtwnese Crane Fli,es573

of Rs, tip of Sc, and at r, the latter two delimiting a constpicuous
yellowish stigmal area, the forrner confluent with a conspicuous
seam along cord, continued to wing margin along vein Cur; outerend of cell 1st M, seamedwith brown; veins brown. Yenation:
Sc, near midlength of distance between arculus and origin ofRs; r its own length from tip of Rr; basal deflection of R.,overy short; r-m correspondingly lengthened, feebly arcuated;cell lst M, rather l,arge, as long as vtiin Cu, beyond it; basal
deflection of Cu, about one-f,ourbh its length beyond fork of
M. Abdominal tergites infuscated, especially the basal andsubterminal segments; sternites light yellow; ovipositor withvalves strongly upcurved.
Ils,bitat.-J apan (Hold<aido) .
Holotype, female, Abashiri, August 30, L922 (7. Esaki,).

FIEXATOMINIGenus UII\ Haliday. Ulo ll.ar.rolv, Ent. Mag. 1 (1835) 224.

The genus Ulo includessix describedspecies,all being Holarc'
tic with the exception of a single Javanesespecies. The relationships of this genus are in doubt, the details of struetureof the adult pointing to the tribe Pediciini, those of the larve
and pupe to the Hexatomini. The present collection contained
two additional undescribedspecies.
Ula perelegans
sp. nov.
General coloration grayi antenne long; wings with a heavy
brown pattem; cell lst M, relatively large.
Female, length, about 5.5 millimeters; wing, 8.
Rostrum dark g:ray, palpi black. Antenna long for this serif bent backward extendingto baseof halteres,black throughout.
Head light gray. Pronotum light gray. Mesonotumblack, graypruinose, on prescutum leaving: a median black stripe exposed.
Pleura pale brown, sparselypruinose,the dorsopleuralmembrane
obscure yellow. Halteres yellow, knobs feebly infuscated.
Legs with coxe and trocha.ntersyellow; femora brown, bases
broadly yellow, narrowest on fonelegs where about the basal
quarter is included; on the posterior legs the brown includes
only the relatively narrow apices; tibia and ta,rsi pale brown,
tarsi darker. Wings pale y,ellow with a heaw brown pattern,
distributed as follows: A small spot at Scr; large spots at origin

IIla cincta sp. uov.
General coloration shiny yellowish brown; antenne longl
wing pattern faintly indicated; cell lst M, small; abdotninal segrnents dark brown, the caudal margins narrowly ringed with
obscure yellow.
Female, length, 5.6 to 5.8 millimeters; wing, 6.3 to 6.8.
Rostrum and palpi black. Antennre elongate, if bent backward extending at least to base of halteres; scapal segments pale,the flagellar segments dark. Head dull gray. Mesonotal prescutum shiny yellowish brown, scutellum and postnotum darker
brown. Pleura light brown. Halteres pale, knobs infuscated.
Legs with co:re and trochanters pale brownish yellow, fore co:rea little infuscated basally; legs pale brown, tibia and. tarsi
darker; extreme tips of femora infuscated. TVings faintly tinged
with brown, with faint indications of darker markings at originof Rs, along cord, and at either end of the faintly indicatedstigma; veins uniformly pale brown. Venation: Sc, about threefifths the distanee between arculus and origin of Rs; cell lst
M" relatively small, shorter than the distal section of Cu,. Abdomen dark brown, the caudal margins of segments narrnwly
ringed with obscure yellow. Ovipositor with the tergal valves
strongly upcurved to the acute tips.
(Hokkaido) .
Habitat.-Japan
Holotlrpe, female, Alan, September 3, L922 (T. Esald).
Paratype, 1 female, Teppeku, September 9, 1922 (T. Esaki).
200486-6

The Pluilippine Jourrwl of Science

574

Ls24

Osten Sacken
Genus EPIPES,ACMA
Epiphragma OsrtN SlcrrN, Proc. Acad. Nat. Sci. Phila" (1869) 238.
Xpiphragma subinsignis Alexander.
Trans. Am. Ent. Soc. a6 (1920)
Epiphragma, fl,binsi,grui.sATExANDER,!1, L2.

One female from Maruyama, near Sapporo,HoHraido, Augpst
17, L922 (7. Esalci,). ttre types are from Saitama and Mount
Takao, near Tokyo, Honshiu.
Genus f,IUN0PEILA Macquart
Hist. Nat. Ins., Dipt (1834) 95.
Li,mnophilaMAcQUART,The type of the genus LimnoplttLa is L. picti,penni's Meigen,this having been designated by Westwood in 1840. One speciesof the Wpical subgenus was included in the present material.
The other species fall in various subgeneric groups, some ofwhich may not be strictly congeneric when better known.
limnophila (Umnophila) japonica Alexander.
.Limnophilnjaponiea ADEXANDm, Can. Ent. 45 (1913) 316, 317.

Saghalien: Toyohara, July 18, L922; Manui, August 3, L922.
Holikaido: Kamiotoineppu, August 24, L922.
The Saghalien speeimens have the basal flagellar segment
black with only the extrreme base pale, but seem to be referable
to this species.
f,innophila inconcussaAlexander.
Linmophiln,inconeu,ssa,
Arox.ENoun,
Can. EnL 45 (1913) 313,314.
This is a cornmon and widely distributed crane fly, ranging
from Hokkaido to Taiwan. The present eolleetion ineludes thefollowing mate,rial, collected by Doctor Esaki:
Itrokkaido: Kamiotoineppu, August 23, !922; Shikaripetsu,
August 26, L922; Abashiri, August 3L, L922; Akan, September
6, L922.
T,imnophilauaicoidessp. nov.
Allied to L. uni,ca Osten Sacken; general coloration dark chocolate brown; antenne of male elongate; wings with a faintbrown tinge; stigma large, dark brown; a brown cloud at r-m;cell Lst M, large, cell M, deep.
Male, length, about 9 millimetens; wing:, 8. Female, length,
8.5 to 10 millimeters; wing, 9 to 9.5.
Rostrum and palpi brownish black, the former dusted withgray. Antennre elongate, the basal segment dark brown;

2 4,6

Aleuand,er: Japanese Crane Fl;ies575

second scapal segment obscure yellow; flagellum dark brown;
segpents elongate. Head brown, pruinose. Mesonotum dark
chocolate brown, with a very sparse yellowish pollen, scutellum
and postnotum more pruinose. Pleura dark brown, gray pruinose. Halteres obscure yellow, knobs infuscated. Legs withcoxe obscure yellow, their bases infuscated; trochanters yellow;
remainder of legs dark brown, the femoral bases narrowly
obscure brownish yellow, narrowest on forelegs, broadest on
hind legs. Wings with a faint brownish tinge; stigma large,
dark brown; a conspicuous brown cloud at r-m and the basal
deflection of R.*u ; an indistinct cloud at origin of Rs; veins darkbrown. Venation: Se long, Sc, endiug slightly beyond fork of
Rs, the usually longer Sc, at its extreme tip; Rs long; Rr*, subequal to the distal section of R,; r a little shorter than tip ofRr; inner ends of cells R' Ro and lst M, in alignment; cell 1st M,
large, widened distally; petiole of cell M, about one-half longer
than m, cell M, being very deep; basal deflection of Cu, before
or near midlength of cell lst M,. A paratype has an adventitious cross vein in cell Ru of one wing. Abdominal tergites
dark brown, the basal sternites obseure brownish yellow; hypopyglum black. In female, sternites are uniformly darkened.
Male hypopygium with the mesal face of basistyle produced
caudad as a stout, blunt lobe; dististyles two, the outer stylea flattened, bladelike structure that terminates in a slender,
curved, black spine; inner style slender, foot-shaped, at apex
bent eephalad at a right angle into a long, slender beak; on thecaudal margin near base, a slender, black, slightly curved spine,
Gonapophyses appearing as two sets of black curved spines,
directed mesad, the lateral pair longer and more strongly curved.
(Saghalien and l{okkaido).
Habitat.-Japan
Holotype, male, Shimizu, Saghalien, JuIy 27, L922 (7. Esaki).
Allotype, female, Kamiotoineppu, Ifokkaido, August 24, L922
(7. Esaki).
Paratypes, 1 female, Teppetsu, Hokkaido, September 9, L922
(T. Esaki'); 1 female, Akan, Hokkaido, September 4, L922 (T.
Esaki).
f,iruophila subpoetioasp. nov.
Allied.to L. poeti,caOsten Sacken; general coloration reddish
brown; femora black, broadly yellowish basally; wings tinged
with grayish yellow, stigma dark brown; Rs long, cell 2d A
broad.
Male, length, 10 millimeters; wing, 9.5.

576

The Phili,ppine Journal of Sci'ence

rs24

Rostrum and palpi brownish black. Antenne moderately
elongate, if bent backward extending to beyond base of abdomen; scape dark brown; basal flagellar segment obscure yellow;
remainder of flagellum dark brown. Head gray. Mesonotal
prescutum neddish brown, sparsely pollinose, scutellum andpostnotum slightly more pruinose. Pleura concolomus. IIalteres pale, knobs a little darker. Legs with coxe and trochanters obscure yellow; femora black, bases broadly obscure yellow,
narrolest on forelegs where less than the basal third is included,
broadest on hind legs where more than the basal half is included; tibie brown, passing into dark brownish black at tips
and on tarsi. Wings with a grayish yellow tinge, brighter
yellow at base and in cells C and Sc; stigma oval, dark brown;
narrow and inconspicuous brown seams at origin of Rs, alongeord and outer end of eell lst M, and at wing apex. Venation:
Rs long, square and spurred at origin, in alignment with Rr*r;r at tip of R,; inner ends of cells R,, Ru and 1st M, in approximate alignment; eell M, present, a little longer than its petiole;cell lst M, rectangular, the basal deflection of Cu, about onethird its length beyond fork of M; cell 2d A much broader
than in L. kmlagamni Alexander. Abdomen reddish brown,
variegated with bla-ck; terminal segments uniformly blackened,
including hypopygium. Male hypopygium with the ninth tergite produced into a long, fingerlike lobe on either side of medianline; dististyles trvo, the outer long and slender with the na"rtowapex strongly eurved, the inner dististyle dilated basally, apex
paler. Gonapophyses small, curved, base of each produced
laterad into a small, bidentate lobe.
(Saghalien) .
Habitat.-Japan
Toyohara,
male,
Holotype,
July 25, t922 (7. Esahi,\.
Li-,,ophila o..oofi,
Iirnnobia(Meigen) var.

nemoral;is MEIGEN, Syst. Beschr. I(1818) 126.

One female from Toyohara, Saghalien, July 20, 1922 (Teiso
Esaki,) cannot be distinguished from European material. It is
possible that the male sex will show subspeciflc differences.
Lirnnophila (Phylitlorea) subailustasp. nov.
General coloration dull reddish brbwn; head gray i legs black,the femoral bases broadly yellow; wings tinged with yellow,
sparsely spotted and seamed with brown; abdomen dark brown,
segments narrowly ringed caudally with pale.
Female, length, 9.5 millimetersl wing, 8.

2 4,3

Alerander: Japanese Crune Flies

Dt t

Rostrum and palpi black. Antennae with the basal segment
dark brown; second scapal a;nd basal one or two flagellui u.gments yellow, the terminal segments dark brown. riead gray.
Pronotum dark brown. Mesonotal prescutum dull
brown, prescutum more infuscated medialry, surface teeuy""aairt,pollinose. Pleura reddish brown, mesepisternum infuscated, ,o"face slightly pollinose. Halteres yellow, knobs very srighily
infuscated. Legs with coxa and trochanters vellorJ: femora
black, their bases bright yellow, on forelegs including about thebasal third, more extensive on the other legs; tibii brownish
black; tarsi black. Wings tinged with yellow, ba.se and cells
C and Sc more yellowish; stigma conspicuous, oval, dark brown;
wing tip suffused with brown; conspicuous but narrow brownspots and seams at origin of Rs; along cord and outer end ofcell 1st Mr; fork of Mr*, ; veins brownish black, paler in the flavous areas. Venation: Sc, ending immediately before fork of
Rs, S,c,at its tip; Rs long for a member of the f erruginea group,
one-half longer than cell lst M, square and spurred at origin;Rr;
equal to basal deflection
Rn*u i r at tip of R,;_aborlt
9f
petiole of cell M, about as long as cell; basal deflection of Cri,
near midlength of cell. Abdominal tergites dark brown, apicesof segments indistinctly paler; basal sternites obscure yellow,
the remaining sternites concolorous with tergites. Ovipositor
with the valves dark horn color.
Habitat.-Japan ( Saghalien) .
Holotype, female, Manui, August.B, tgZZ (T."Esalci,)..
f,imnophila (Phyliilorea) sapporensisAlexander.
L&mnophita sappcrensis Affx.l,Norn, insec. Inscit. Menst. g (1921)
181, 182.
The following records are included in the present collection:

Saghalien: Manui, August 3, L922; Odasam, August 5,1922;
Odomari, August 8, 7922 (7. Esaki'1.
The type locality is Hokkaido.
Genus PILIIRIA Sintenis
Pil,eria, SrNrENrs, Sitzber. Nat. Ges. Dorpat 8 (1888) 398.

Species of the genus Pilaria are found throughout the Holarc"
tie Region and in Madagascar.
oPilaria ilorsalis gp. nov.
Size large (wing of female, over 10 millimeters); head dull
black; antenne elongate; general coloration of thorax obscure

578

The Phi,Lt'ppi'ne Jou'mwl of Sci'ence

Ls21

reddish yellow, prescutum and scutal lobes shiny black; femora
and tibire obscure brownish yellow'
Female, length, abo'ut 9 millimeters; wing, 10'5 to 12'
Rostrum pale brown, palpi black. Antenn'e elongate' scapeblack, the basal flagellar segment pale at base; remainder
Proof organ black. Head dull black, light gray pruinose'
anteromedially.
yellow,
darkernotum very narrow, obscure
Mesonotum shiny blaek, the region of the pseudosutural fovea
obscure yellow; lateral margins very narrowly of the same color;scutum obr"o"" yellow medially, lobes shiny black, narrowly connected across the median line; scutellum and postnotum obscurereddish brown, the former sometimes blarkened medially.
ptreura obscure reddish yellow.' Halteres yellow, knobs weakly
infuscated. Legs with co:ca and trochanters yellow; femora
and tibire obscure brownish yellow, tips narrowly and indistinctly infuscated; tarsi dark brown. Wings with a faintbrownish tinge, base and costai region more yellowish; stigma
very small uttd f"ittt, brown, veins dark brown. Venation: Sc
ending just before fork of Rs, Sc, at tip of Sq; Rs long, straight'
base arcuated; r at fork of Rr*r; cell M. about as long as its
petiole; basal deflection of Cu, near two-thirds the length ofcett fsi M,. Abdomen dark brown, sternites a little paler.
ovipositor with the long, acicular valves horn-colored, basal
plate black.
(Saghalien and Hokkaido).
Habitat.-Japang'
Holotype, female, Konurna, Saghalien, July 17, L922
Esaki,).
Paratype, female, Sapporo, Holkaido, June 19, I92L (M'Hori,), No. 55.
Genus ERI0CERAMacquart
Eriocera Mlcqu$t, Dipt. Exot. 1 (1838) 74.
The very large genus Eriocera is represented in the collection by two species belonging to the spi'nosa group of the genus'
Their nearest allies are found in the Nearctic Region.
Xriocera jozanasP. nov.
Male, length, 14 millimeters; wing,22; antnnna, 61.
Generally similar to E. stri,cklan'd'i' Edwards, differing asfollowg:
Antenne with the enlarged basal segment ocherous on theventral half ; flagellar seg:nents 1 to 4 gradually elongated'

24,6

Aleaand,er:JapaneseCrane Flies579

the entire organ more than four times the leugtJrof body. Vertical tubercle very large and conspicuous. Thoraeic vestiturelong and conspicuous,erect; lateral margins of prescuturnnot
conspicuously brightened, pruinose; rnedian prescutal stripe
indistinctly bifid posteriorly. Legs with the black tips of fore
femora narrower; posterior femora black with only the extreme
base brightened; tibie not darkened basally. Winss withstigma clearly defined, oval, brown; cell 1st M, long aud narrow, rectangular; cell M, about equal in length to its petiole.
Abdominal segmentsdark brown, ocherouslaterally, the-caudal
margins of the posterior sternites broadly pale.
Habi,tat.-Japan (Hokkaido) .
Holotype, male, Jozankei,August 19, t922 (T. Esaht\,

t
i:

i:

sP. nov.
Eriocerasachalinensis
Belongsto the spi,nosagroup; antenna of male shorterthan
body; mesonotal prescutum gray with four conspicuousd.ark
brown stripes; cell M. present.
Male, length, 16 to 18 millimeters; wing, 20 to 21-;anteuna,
11.5 to 12.
Rostrum and palpi brownish black. Antenne of moderate
length, bhorter than body; basal segment dark, reddish basally
beneath; flagellum black, segments 1 to 4 grailually moreelongated. Head brown, gray pruinose; a conspicuousreddish
brown area on either side of the vertical tubercle. Mesonotal
prescutum gray, with four conspieuousdark brown strip€s;
scutum gtay, eaehlobe with a conspicuous,dark brown, central
blotch; seutellum brownish gra,r., more yellowish laterally,
clothed with abundant long:, pale seta; postnotum brownish
plumbeous. Pleura dark colored, light gray pruinose. Hal'
teres light brownish ocherous, knobs dark brown. Legs withcoxa light gray i trochanters brown; femora dark brown, bases
broadly and conspicuouslyobscurefulvous, on the posterior legp
occupying a little less than the basal half ; remainder of legp
brownish black. Wings with a strong brownish yellow tingp,
base and cells C and Sc more saturated; stigma small, oval,
dark brown; veins dark brown. Venation: r near midlengthof vein R,; cell M, present, louger than its petiole. Abdomen
dark brown, pruinose; lateral margins of tergites nar, owly
ocheroug.
Eabi,tat.-Japan (Saghalien).
Ilolotype, male, Takinosawa, July 26, L922 (7. Esaki).

580

The Philippine Jowtwl

of Science

Ls24

Paratypes, 1 male, Shimizu, July 27, L922 (T. Esaki), 1 male,
Maoka, July 28, L922 (T. Esabi).
Genus nT,nPHAIITOMYIAOsten Sacken
Elephantomaia
220.

Osrsx

Slcxnry,

Proc. Acad. Nat. Sci. Phila-(1859)

Elephantomyia (Elephantonyia) hok*aitlensis sp. nov.
General coloration shiny brownish yellow; legs with femora
dark brown, tibia and tarsi brownish yellow; wings tinged withyellow, apex infuscated; abdomen yellow, tergites with a longitudinal median stripe; sternites ringed caudally with black.
(excluding rostrum), 6 to 10 millirneters; wing"l\llale,length
8.5 to L2. Femalq length (excluding rostrum), 9 to 1L millimeters; wing, 9 to 11.
Rostrum longer than body, brown, including palpi. Antenne
with scape dark brown; basal flagellar segments brownish
yellow, becoming more infuscated toward tip of the organ.
Head yellowish pruinose anteriorly, more yellow to brownish
yellow behind, Pronotum infuscated medially. Meso,notum
shiny brownish yellow to brown, without markings. ,Pleuraeoncolorous. Halteres pale, knobs rveakly infuseated. Legs
with coxa and trochanters yellowish testaceous; femora brown,
soon passing into dark brown; tibie and basal segments of tarsi
brownish yellow, the terminal tarsal segments infuscated.
Wings tingea with yellow; apex distinctly infuscated; stigma
elongate-oval, brown; cord and outer end of cell lst M, narrowly and indistinctly clouded with da"rker; veins dark brown.
Venation: Sc, ending nearly opposite fork of Rs, Sc, at tip ofSc,; cell lst M" large, rectangular; basal deflection of Cu, close
to midlength of cell. Abdomen yellow, tergites with a median
black longitudinal stripe, in some female individuals broken
into triangles; sternites conspicuously ringed eaudally withblack; a black subterminal ring in male; hypopyClum obscureyellow. MaIe hypopygium with the mesal face of basistyles
densely setiferous; outer dististyle slender, suddenly curved atapex, before tip on the outer side with a small tooth; innerstyle a litble longer, enlarged on basal half, setiferous.
Gonapophyses slender, produced into a filiform point. Penifilum
coiled in a transverse spring, suggesting a watch spring.
H abi,tat.-Japan ( Iloli&aido)$olotype, male, Abashiri, August 30, L922 (7. Esalci).
Allotopotype, female.

24,8Aleua;nfl,er: Japanese Crane Fl;ies

581

Paratopotypes, 2 males, 3 females; paratypes, 7 males andfemales, Kamiotoineppu, August 23, 25, L922 (T. Esald,) ; 5
males and females, Shikaripetsu, August 26,7922 (7. Esaki,) ;2
males and females, Kamiokoppe, August 27,1922 (7. Esalci,); I
female, Ponkikin, September 2, L922 (T. Esulei); 7 males andfemales, Akan, September 3, 4, \922 (T. Esaln); 4 males andfemales, Panketo, September 6, L922 (7. Esald); 6 males andfemales, Shikotsu, September 24, 1922 (7, Esaki).
Most of the above specimens were taken while feeding on
nectar of various Composite plants; a few came to light.
Genus U0trOPrrT.US Curtis
Molnphihs CUH:s, Brit. Ent. (1833) 444.
In addition to the new species described herewith, the collection included female speeirnens of at least one additional
species of Molophilus that cannot be determined more accurately.
Molophilusalbibasis sp. nov.
General coloration black; antenna short; halteres white;wings faintly tinged with brown, their bases white; male hypopygium with the mesal apical angle of basistyle terminating
in a powerful black spine.
Male, length, about 4 millimeters; wing, 4.5.
Rostrum and palpi black. Antenna short, dark brown.
Head black. Mesonotum black, pleura dark brownish black.
Halteres white. Legs dark brownish black. TV'ings with afaint brownish tinge, base conspicuously whitish to a shortdistance beyond arculus; veins conspicuously dark brown.
Venation: Vein 2d A comparatively short, ending before levelof fork of M. Abdomen dark brown, including hypopygium.
Male hypopygium very distinct in structure; each basistyle
stout, the lateral apical ang:le produoed caudad into a long,stout, cylindrical, setiferous lobe that is as long as any of theelements of hypopygium; mesal apical angle of basistyle produced into a shorter, glabrous lobe that bears near its tip a power.
ful, curved, black spine. Dististyles two, lying in the notch
between the lobes of basistyle; longest style slender, bifid nearits tip, the arms thus formed relatively long and slender; innerstyle a short, blackened blade, slightly curved beyond midlength, the margin with microscopic spinule.
H abi,tat.*Japan ( Sagha,Iien).
Holotype, male, Toyohara, July L6,1922 (T. Esaki).

582

The Ptnlippine Jorrnal of Scimce$21

Genus ERI0PTEM Meigen
Erioptera MucnN, Illiger's Mag. 2 (1803) 262.
Erioptera (Xrioptera) elegantula Alexander.
Erioptera elegantula Ar,nxANDEn,Can. Ent. 45 (1913) 290, 291'
Doctor Esaki's material included the following records: IIok-

kaido: Sapporo,August ]r7,L922;Kamuikotan,August 22, L922;
Abashiri, August 3L, L922.
Erioptera(Erioptera)xanthopterasp. nov.
General coloration brown; antenne pale brown; halteres andlegs obscure yellow; wings with a strong yellowish tinge.
Female, length, 6 millimeters; wing, 7.
Rostrum and palpi pale brown. Antennpepale brown throughout. Head light brown, sparsely pollinose,occiput slightly more
fulvous. Mesonotum brown with a light yellow pollinosity.
Pleura light brown. Ifalteres short, obscure yellow, knobs avery little darker. Legs with coxa and trochanters concolorouswith pleura; remainder of legs obscure yellow, the terminal
tarsal segmentsinfuscated. Wings with a strong yellow tinge,
veins darker yellow. venation: vein 2d. A strongly sinuous.
Abdominal tergites brown, the caudal and lateral margins ofsegmentsa little brighter; sternites brownish black. ovipositor
with the tergal valves strongly upcurvedHabitat.-Japan (Saghalien).
Holotypg female, Konuma, July 17, L922 (T, Esalet').
Erioptera (Erioptera) flavohumeralissp. nov.
Mesonotal prescutum yellow, with three conspicuousbrown
stripes; hatrteresobscure yellow; femora dark brown, bases
broadly pale; wings tinged with brownish yetrlow.
Male, length, about 5.5 millimeters; wing, 5.7. Female,length, about 6 millimete,ns;wing, 6.2.
Rostrum and palpi black. Antenne with the basal segment
brownish black, the secondsegmentpale brown; flagellum darkbrown. Head pale. Pronotum obscureyellow, darker medially'
Mesonotal prescutum yellow, with three eonspicuousbrown
stripes, the humeral reglon broadly yellow; scutum yellow, lobes
with brown centers; scutellum and postnotum obscure yellow'
the latber darker posteriorly. Pleura ocherous, very sparsely
pruinosel sternopleura darker. Halteres obscureyellow. Legs
yellow, fore coxa darker basally; trochanters yel*ith"o**low; femora dark brown, basesbroadly paler; tibie and basal
segnents of tarsi obscure yellow, the terminal segmentsdarker.

24,5

Alenand'er: JapaneseCrane Fl;ies

b8B

Wings tinged with brownish yellow, cells beyond cord darker,
especially near wing tip; veins brownish yellow. Venation:
Vein 2d A strongly sinuous. Abdomen dark brown. Male
hypopygium (Plate 2, fig.21) with the outer dististyle slender,
at apex dilated into a, semicircular blade, before apex of whichon the outer margin with a conspicuousereet spiue. Gonapophyses widely separated at base, directed mesad, before tips
slightly dilated and produced into acute blackenedpoints.
H abi.tat.-Japan (Saghalien).
Holotype, male, Toyohara, July L9, t922 (7. Esald,\.
Allotopotype, female.
Xrioptera (Erioptera) horii sp. no'r.
Generalcoloration light yellow; head silvery whitish; haltereswith dark brown knobs.
Male, length, 4.5 to 4.7 millimeters; wing, 5.5. Female,length, 5.5 millimeters; wing, 5.6 to 5.8.
Rostrum yellow, palpi dark brown. Antenna yellow, theterminal segments darkened, the basal segaent sparsely pnrinose. Head silve.ry white; eyes large. Pronotum white. Mesonotal prescutum pale ocherousyellow, unmarked, the lateralmarg:inspaler. Pleura whitish yellow. Halteres,yellow,knobs
conspicuously dark brown. Legs with coxre and trochanters
yellowish testaceous; remainder of legs yellow, the terminal
tarsal segments darkened. Wings clear yellow, veins a little darker, with brownish yellow macrotrichie. Venation: Vein
2d A long and very strongly sinuous. Abdomen yellow. Male
hypopygium (Plate 2, frg. 22) wtt}. the caudal mesal angle ofeach basistyle produced into a conical lobe; outer distisfle aslender black rod that tapers gpaduallyto the acute apex; innerdististyle shorter, gently curved, beyond midlength on the outermarg:in with a long, erect sprne; margin at apex producedintoa flattened bi- or tridentate blackened blade. Gonapophyses
small, relatively inconspicuous,the mesal edgeblackened. Ovipositor with long, gently curved, slender valves, their margins
smooth.
Habitat.-Japan (Saghalienand Hokkaido).
Holotype, male, Jozankei,August \9,7922 (T. Esaki').
Allotopotype, female.
Paratypo 1 male, Toyohara, Saghalien, July 13, 1922 (f'Esaki); i female, Toyohara, July 2L, Lg22 (T. Esahi'); 1 female'
Sapporo,Hokkaido, August 2, L9/ZL(M. HoN); 1 male, Sapporo'
August L8, Lg22 (T. E;oki,); 1 female, Kamiotoineppu,AugustThe philtWine Jourtnl of Scienca

5U

24, 1922 (7. Esaki); 1 female, Abashiri, August gl,

utth?;

lg*2 (7.

rr*restingspecies
is named,, ,;";;;;;;***"*

one of the paraf,ypespecimens,Mr. M. Hori.

Erioptera(Xrioptera)orbitalissp. nov.
Generarcororation reddish brown, the postnotumand pleura
bluegray pruinose; antennre dark brown,
the-nrJ iageltar
segmentobscure yetow; head brownish
brack *itrr-""""ow s'very orbital lines; wings tinged withfulvou* y"fio*.*'Female, Iength, b.B millim-eters; wing,b.b.
Rostrum reddish brown, palpi iark
bro,qrn. Antenna vrith
the scapal segments darfr nrow";
hrst nrg"ffu*-*ug_.nt obscure yellow, the remaining segmentsof flagellum passing intobrown' Head bro'wnish brack *itrt
narrow silvery line ada
joining the inner mTginor
on anterior partof vertex. Meso,notal prescutum'"yu,--"onfluent
reddish b"r*r;-;;;;notum
pruinose. pleura pale, conspicuously
pale blue_g"ry-pioioora.
Halteres pale, knobs dark r"o*rr.--"l,egs
with coxe and trochanters yellow, f?"9.- gor.* blue_graypruinose; trochanters
yellow; femora and tibie yellow;?rsi
brownish yellow, theterminal tarsar segmentspassinginto
dark brown--- winls witrr
a strong fulvous yelronnrtinge, veins darker.
2d A strongry sinuous. Abdomen yelowish venation-: veinnron*,'?errrites
a little brighter. ovipositor with tie
tergal varves long andvery gently curved.
H abito;t.-Japan (Ilokkaido ) .
Ifolotype, female, Sapporo,August
17, lg}2 (7. Esatci,).
Xrioptera(Acyphona)asymmetrica
Alexander.
Eri'optera

a'sgrwnetrica Ar,E*/\NDER, can.
Ent.

45 (1913)

24,5

pzn

2gg, 2g0.

records uru rurit"ni" i' tt present
material:-- T!" -following
Hokkaido:
Sapporq Ayryjt tZ, tsii;f{arnuikotan,"
August22,
1922; Abashiri, August-BI, tgiZ (i.'Asaki).
Xrioptera (Acyphona) sachstinasp. nov.
Allied to E. areolnta Siebke (northern
Europe) ; general coloration pale brownish ocherous; knobsof harteres yellow; Iegs
obscure yellow, tipt
f,emo,ra, tibia, and tarsi infuscated;male hypopygrum with_ofthe intermediatechitinized lobe of dististyle simple.
MaIe, length, 2.6 milimeters
i wing, 4 to 4,4. Female, Iength,
3.3 millimeters; wing, b.b.

ii :
il

Aleuond,er: Japanese Crane Fl'i'es

bgb

Rostrum and palpi dark brown. Antenna with the basal segments light yelllw, tne nagetlar segments beyond the basal one
or two passing into light brown. Head light brown,- sparsely
pruinose. Mesonotum and pleura uniformly pale bropnighocherous. Halteres pale, knobs yellow. Legs with cole andtrochanters ocherous; remainder of legs obscure yellow, tips offemora and tibie and the terminal tarsal segments faintly ds1trened. Wings with a grayish yellow tinge, base and cells Q aa6
Sc clearer yellow; veins pale brown. Venation: Cell 1st M"
ciosed, very small as in the areolata group; basal deflection ofCu, slightly before fork of M; vein 2d A short and straig[trAbdomen pale brownish ocherous. Male hypopygium with theninth tergite (Plate 2, fig. L5\ chitinized, the caudal margin witha broad, V-shaped notch, the lateral a,ngles rounded; from beneath terg:ite on either side arises a broad plate (Plate 2, fig. !f)that is asl"mmetrically bifid, the mesal arm a short, blackened
spine, directed mesad and nearly eontiguous with its mate of the
opposite side, separated therefrom by a small oval notch; thelateral arm is directed caudad into a long, blackened spine.
Basistyle produced caudomesadinto a long fleshy point; a single,
very complex dististyle (Plate 2, fig. 19) near midlength ofits mesal face, this consisting of a basal fleshy setiferous arm,and a tripartite flattened blade with the margins of all threeparts chitinized., including a basal oval lobe, an intermediat'e
simple spine, and a longer, curved, chitinized blade that runsout into a spine.
Habdtat.-Japan (Saghalien) .
Holotype, male, Shimizu, July 27,1922 (T. Esaki\.
Allotype, female, Toyohara, Jaly 7,1922 (T. Esakil.
Parat5pes, 6 males and females, with the allotype, July 14 to
20, L922 (7. Esaki).
Erioptera (Acyphona) yezoanasp. nov.
Male, length, about 3 millimeters; wing, 4.
Generally similar to .O. (A.) sachalina sp. nov., differing asfollows:
Antenna longer, if be'nt backward extending at least to baseof halteres. General coloration of head and thorax more pruinose, giving body a grayish ocherous cast. Wings with thebasal section of R, perpendicular, subequal in length to r; celllst M, tending to be open by the atrophy of m. Male hypopygium with the lateral angles of tergite (Plate 2, fir. 16) rec-

586

The Philfupine Jowmt

of Sci,ence

24'6

Alerand,er: JapaneseCrane Fh'estszl
Ltangular or acute; the median v-shaped notch more sinuous in
outline, its point deeper; the plate arising from beneath tergite(Ptate 2, fig. 18) appears as two long slender spines, directecl
caudad, the mesal spine about one-half the rength of the lateralspine and slenderer. Dististyle (plate 2, fig. 20) generally
similar to the condition in E. sufrhalinn but the basal fleshy
setiferous arm i,s very short and stout; intermediate chitinizedarm profoundly bifid; apical blade longer and slenderer.
Habitat.-Japan(Hokkaido) .
Ilolotype, male, Shitakara, September !0, lgZZ (7. Esaki).
Erioptera (Eoplolabis) asiatica Alexander.

It

Erioptera asiati'a rAlox.LNnnn,Ann. Ent Soc. Am. 11 (],g]'g) 447,
448.

brown. Wings subhyaline, stigma-Vl".tf"":conspicuousbut ill-defined'
brown; veins dark brown.
r immediately beyondbase of R,; veins R, and R. di";;;;;t;- cell lst M, open by theatrophy of the outer defle<tion of iI,; Lasat deflection of Cu, atfork M; anal veins strongly divergent. Abdomen dark brown,
hypopygium somewhat paler. Male hypopyglum of the samegeneral strueture as in the d,eaintagroup, Jtttoittttt tergite (theappo,rent sternite) being produced caudad into a very large,
sheathlike structure that is profoundly bifid. Dististyles twc,
the outer one a little shorter than the inner, subglabrous. Gonapophysesacicular, as in the group.
Habitat.-Japan (Saghalien).
I{olotype, male, Toyohara, July 23, L922 (7. Esaki').
Genus CHEII0TRICITJIRossi

The specieshad been previousry known onry from Honshiu.
The present collection includes the following additional records:
Saghalien: Toyohara, July L7, lg, lgZZ (T. Esaki); Hok_kaido: Kamuikotan,August L7, L|ZZ (7. Esaki)

Chailotriclzb Rossr, Verz. Osterreiclu Dipt. (1848) 12.

It was a matter of great surprise to find in Esaki's Saghalienmaterial a small series of the type species of this isolatedcomparison with numerous
monotypical genus. A criticaltoreveal any differences whatEuropean specimens has failed
goever.

Genus OBM0SIARondani
Ormosia RonilNr, Dipt ltal., prodr. 1 (18b6) 180.
Bhgpholophus KoluNArr, Wien. Ent. Monatschr. 4 (1g60) ggg.

The extensive genus ormoei,a is represented in the Esaki collection by two or three species,all but one being represented
by female specimens only. As has been indicated in otherpapers,it is impossibleto determine the female sex of manyofthe larger and more complex groups of crane flies.
Omosiasubaleviata
sp. nov.
Allied to o. deaiata Dietz (eastern North America) ; generalcolorati,onbrown, the prescutal stri,peseo,nfluent;pleura-dark;r eloseto fork of Rr*,
Male, length, about 3.b millimeters; wing, 4.8.
Rostrurn and palpi brown. Antenne short, brown. Headbrown. Mesonotal prescutum brown, the usual stripes confluent, the humeral region su:croundingthe pseudosutural foveeocherous; scutal lobes brown; scutellum and postnotum paler
brown. Pleura dark brown, sparsely pruinose, with an indistinct paler longitudinal stripe. Halteres brown, stem withgolden yellow sete. Legs with coxe and trochanters ocherous,;
femora light blownish yellow, becoming a litfle darkel towarcl
tips; tibia and tarsi brown, the terminal tarsar segmentsdark

58?

t
r
t-

Cheilotrichiaimbuta (Meigen).
Eriaptera

hnbuta MucEhI, Syst. Beschr. 1 (1818) 114' pl. 4, fig. 8.

The following records for this handsomelittle fly are includedin the present collection:
Saghalien: Konuma, July 22, L922 (on a fungus) ; Shimizu
Jaly 27, 1922i Manui, August 3, L922 (T. Esalci).
The collector notes that the flies swarm in the evening.
Genus mlOBIA St. Fargeau

d
l-

E

,r
l-

h
,,
d
k

Enbycl. Meth., Ins. 10 (1825) 585.
Helobia Sr. Fmcplu,
Sumolecto Mrrcax, Syst. Beschr. 6 (1830) 282.

Helobiahybriila (Meigen).
Mnucmt,Klass 1 (1804)57.
Limnobinhabniil'o,A few specimens of this common and widespread species
were included in the present .material:
Saghalien: Toyohara, July 20, 2L, 1922 (7. Esalci); Hok'kaido: Sapporo, August L7, L922; Jozankei, August 19, LV22
Abashiri, August 3L, L922 (T. Esoki').

588

The Phiti'ppi'ne Journal of SciencQ

tgzt

Genus GNOPEOMYIAOsten Sacken
Sci' Phila'
Gtwphomgia OsrsN SAcKEN, Proc' Acad' Nat'(1859) 223'

unspecies included in the present collection is an
The only-form
Neareticthetorelatedcloselythat is mostdescribed
genotype'
GnophomAi'a trt'sti,ssimo Osten Sacken, theGnophomyiatristis sP. nov'
dirty white;
General coloration black; halteres with knobs
dark
e1'ongate-oval'
wings with a strong fuscous tinge; stigma
brorrn.
Female, length, about 8.5 millimeters; wing' 6'8'
elongate'
Rostrum and palpi black' Antenna moderately
pruifaintly
partvertexofanterior
black. Ilead black, thenose.Thoraxentirelydullblack.Halteresdarkbrown,knobs
ai*v*r'it".Legswithcoxeandtroc}rantersdullblack;refuscous
mainder of legs bt'ownish blaek. Wings with a strong
black'
brownishveinstinge; stigma el,ongate-oval, dark brown;
from
far
Sc'
Rr*r'
of
just before fork
S",
Vuiaiiooi"ndiog
R"
r
on
Rr*r;
&s
tip of Sc, the latter Lbo" nearly as longM,
1stabout its own length beyond fork of Rr*r; cell.elongate'of Cu' about
onlv slightly widened distally; basal deflection
Oviottu-i,tU its length beyond fork of M' Abdomen black'
positor with the valves long, the basal plate constricted'
H abi,tat.*JaPan ( Saghalien)'
Ilolotype, female, Toyohara, July 21, L922 (T' Esabi) 'Genus GON0UYIA Meigen
GanunwioMorcnN,Syst. Beschr' 1 (1818) 146'
present mafhree of the four subgenera were ineluded in theterial,thesebeingGonowimMeigen,PtilosteruaBergtoth,and
LipophlePs Bergroth.
'

Gonomyia (Gonomyia) superbaAlexanddr'(1914) 285' 286' pi' 3'G.cnarn;aia superbo Ar,;Ex(aNDEB,Can' Ent' 45
fig. 14.

TwospecimensfrornAbashiri,Hokkaido,AugustZL'L922(T. Esuki), were in the present collection'
Gonomyia(Ptilostena) subpruinosasp' nov'
prascutum ash gray
General coloration ash gray, mesonotal
pleura pale brownsfripes;with two intermediate pale brownwithanobscureyellowlongitudinalstripe;wingswithayel.

24,6

Aleuond,er: Japanese Crane Flies

bgg

lowish tinge; stigma ill defined, brown; Sc, extending to a shortdistance beyond origin of Rs; male hypopygium complex instructure.
Male, Iength, 4.5 millimeters; wing, 4,5 to 5. Female, length,
5 millimeters; wing, 5.5.
Rostrum and palpi dark brown. Antenne with scbpe andbasal segments of flagellum light yellow; remainder of flagellum
dark brown. Head ash gray. Pronotum and mesonotum light
ash gray, prescutum with two intermediate pale brown stripes,
pseudosutural fovee large, pale brown, reaching margin of internrediate brown stripe; humeral region and lateral margins
narrowly obscure yellow; scutum ash gray, lobes slighfly darkened; scutellum brown; postnotum as,h gray, the posterior
margiu darkened. Pleura pale brown, with an obscure yellow,
longitudinal stripe extending fr,orn behind fore coxe to beneath
halteres, this stripe sometimes less distinct than in the typicalform. Halteres pale. Legs with coxa and trochanters pale
brown; femora and tibia brownish testaceous, tips slighfly
darkened, tarsi dark brown. Wings with a yellowish tinge;
stigma subcircular in outline, brown, ill defined; veins pale
brown, cord and basal deflection of Cu, conspicuously darkbrown. Venation: Sc, enfling a short distance beyond origin of Rs; Rs a little shorter than in G. pruinosca Alexander(Formosa). Abdomen dark brown, the caudal margins o,f seg_ments narnowly pale yellow; sternites and hypopygium obscureyellow. Male hypopygium very complex in structure; lateralapical angle of basistyle produeed carldad into a moderately
elongate, fleshy lobe; mesal apical angle slighily produced;
dististyles four in number, more or less ,connected basally; theIongest style a conspicuous flattened blade, near base on themesal face sending off a curved arm that is directed caudacl,
expanded into a blackened head at apex, the mesal end of heada-straight_spine, the lateral end a longer, strongly curved spine;
the next longest styre is a slender brade, the distal two-thirds
blackened; at about two-thirds the length on the mesal facedl_hshort, sharp spine, apex beyond this sinuous and gradually "narrowed to the acute apex; the other styres are a short,straight, blackened spine and a somewhat longer, straight,
fleshy, sparsely setiferous lobe, both of these styles
direetedcaudad.
th"-lDdeagus fleshy, the short apical points i*o*J,
dorsal surface setiferous.
Habitat.--Japan(Hokkaido and Honshiu).
200486_6

24,t,

590

The Phil;i,ppineJournat of Sci,ence

7sz1

Holotypg male, Jozankei, Hokkaido, August 1g, L}ZZ g.
Esaki).
Allotopotype, female.
Palatonotypes, b males and females; paratypes, 4 males andfemales,
Koiwai Farm, near Morioka, northern Honshir:, August
16 to September2, 1.g}0 (C. Terani.shi)
Gonomyia(Ptilostena)sachalinensis
sp. nov.
Female, Iength, 8.2 millimeters; wing, 6.b.
Generally similar to G. (p.) subp,u;i,nos&
sp. nov., differing
as follows:
Size larger. Head light yellow. pronotum yellow. Meso_
notal prescutum with disk armost covered by lour confluent
brownish gray stripes, the humeral reg:ion and broad Iateralrnargins of sclerites pare yeilow; mediotergite of postnotum
dark brown, a smalr area at each anteroraterar angte yettow.
The yellow pleural stripe broader and more distinit.
wings
with stiema lacking; veins all uniformly pale brown.
Venation: Sc long, Sc, ending opposite midlengthof the long,
gently arcuated Rs, Sc, oppositeorigin ofRs; n, bng,-iunninggenerally parallel to R.*0, cell R, at wing margin less ihan
onehalf cell Rr; cell zdM" deep,about twice its petiole.
Habitat.-Japan (Saghalien).
Ilolotype, female, Toyohara, July 24, tgZZ (T. Esabi).
Gonomyia(tripophleps)
flavocostalissp. nov.
General coloration dark brown and yellow; preura with alongitudinal yellowish white or white stripel wings pale
brown, varieg:ated with subhyaline, the costal margi--n ligtrt
yellow; Sc short, cell lst M, closed,basal deflectionof Cu, atits fork.
, Male, Iength, 3.3 millimeters; wing, B.E. Female, length,
3.8 millimeters; wing, B.?.
Male.-Rostrum and palpi black. Antenna with the basar
segments orange' flagenum brack, segments with erongate
verticils. Head yellow, center of vertex with a brown *pii - prolotum sulphur yellow. Mesonotal prescutum largely coveredby three confluent gfayish brown rttiper, the lat-eral margin
narrowly sulphur yellow; pseudosuturalfovee ro"ouoa*ary
an ocherous triangle; scutum grayish brown; scutellum
anA
ggstnotgm yellow, the caudar margin of the iatter darkened.
Pleura brown with a,conspicuous,yellowish whitetongiiuainat
stripe passing beneath base of haiteres; sternopleura"
piumb-

Alenand,er: Japanese Crane Fli,es

bgl

eous. Halteres pale, knobs' sulphur yellow. Legs ,with fore
coxe sulphur yellow, the other coxe ocherous yellow; trG.
chanters ocherous; femora ob,scure brownish yellow with asubterminal brown ring; tibie and tarsi pale brown, the terminal tarsal segments darker. Wings fainfly tinged withbrown, handsomely variegated with subhyaline spots andblotches; cells c and sc light yellow, more whitish basally;
stigrna oval, dark brown; veins dark brown; the subhyaline
areas include the prearcular region; spots before and beyond
stigma; a transverse band before cord, cell 1st M' and smaller
and more diffuse areas elsewhere on disk; veins pale brown.
Venation: Sc short, Sc, ending a distance before origin of Rs
that is nearly as long as latter; cell lst M, closed; basal de_flection of Cu, at fork of M. Abdomen dark brown, the caudal
margins of segments narrowly yellow. Hypopygium obscurereddish brown, the chitinized dististyles black.
Female.-Generally similar to male, differing as follows: Lat_eral margins of prescutum narrower, humeral region darker.
Pale pleural stripe narrower and nearly white. Halteres withface of knobs faintly darkened. Brown subterminal ring on
femora darker, preceded and followed by yellowish rings.
Pale rings on abdominal segments naxrower and more whitish.
Habitat.-Japan(Hokkaido) .
Holotype, male, Jozankei, August 1g, LgzZ (7. Esaki).
Allotopotype, female.
Paratypes, 1 female, Kutchan, July g, 1:gZZ (T. Esabi,), atlight of train'; 1 female, Shikaripetsu, August 26, tgZZ (f .
Esaki).
Genus PARATB0PESASchiner
Parabropesa
ScnrNun,v.rh. Zool.bot. Ges.Wien 16 (1g66)gg2.
The restricted genus Paratropeso now includes seven species, all fron Tropical America. It was a great surprise tofind in the present collection a perfecfly typical member ofthis otherwise characteristieally Neotropical group.
Paratropesaesakii sp. nov.
General coloration shiny black and yellow; rostrum nearly
as long as head; halteres black, knobs orange yellow; femora
yellow, the enlarged tips black; wings fainily tinged with yel_low, sparsely variegated with brown.
Male, length, 6 millimeters; wing:, ?.5. Female, length, 6.8
millimeters; wing, 6.

592

The Phi,li,ppine Journal of Science$24

Rostrum nearly as long: as head, black; palpi black. Antenne dark brown; second scapal segment and base of firstflagellar segment obscure yellow or yellowish brown. Headblack, the anterior part of vertex sparsely pruinose; front yellow. Pronotum shiny yellow, nanowry darkened mediaily.
Mesonotal prescutum shiny yellow, with three confluent, shiny
black stripes that cover the entire sclerite except a small
median area at suture, conspicuous triangular humeral areasand small spots at lateral ends of suture; scutum light yellow,
eaeh lobe almost covered by a shiny black area that i, confluent with the prescutal marking; median sclerite of scutellum yellow; postnotum black. pleura yellow; a conspicuous*ircular black spot on the dorsal pleurites ventro-cephaladofwing root; sternopleura fainfly darkened. Halteres black,knobs conspicuously orange yelrow. Legs with coxe
and trochanters yellow; femora obscure yellow, tips swoilen
and extensively blackened, these broadest on fore femora whereabout
two-fifths of segrnent is incruded, narrowest on the posterior
femora where the distal fifth is blackened; tibia brownish
yellow, base nanowly, tip more broadly brackened;
metatarsi
black, base paler; remainder of tarsi black.
Wi;dfainfly
tinged with yellow, base brighter; stigma small, subivat,
darkbrown; narrow brown seams at Sc, along cora'ana
out"r enOof cell lst M,, along R,, at tips of longrtudinalveins and at
apex of wing; veins black, Venation: Sc, ending
nearly opposite midlength of Rs, sc, a short distancereyoira origin ofRs; R, about one-third Rr; cell lst M, elongatg gentiy
wideneddistallv; basal deflection of cu, about one-trairlts
iength beyond fork of M._ Abdomen black, theincisures of tergites
yellow, this including the extreme base and apexof each segment; hypopygium black; sternum yelrow, sternites
2 to 4
with a blackish subterminal ring; segment b black, hairy
as inthis group. In female, abd,omen black, the caudi
margins ofsegments narrowly yelrow; tergal varves of ovipositor
obscureorang:e.
Habitat.--lapan(Hokkaido) .
Holotypg malq Maruyarna, August 17, Ig22 (7.
Esaki).
Allotype, female, Jozankei, August lg, Lgzz
nsantl.
ti.

Paratopotypes,B.males; pu"afp*, 1 naale,au*rriJ,
eugust31,
L922 (T. Esaki,'), 'y
The discovery of a speciesof paratropesq,in Japaniis of ex; ceptional interest. The present speciesis a true'iirit
oprro,

i24,6Alauand,er:JapaneseCrano Flies

bg3

the other Old IVortrdspecieshitherto placed in this genus being
more correctly referable to Gvmna,stesBmnetti. This handsome little fly is named in honor of the colleetor, Dr. Teiso
Esaki, who has done much toward making known the interesting tipulid fauna of Japan.
Genus TEUCE0I/ISISOsten Sacken
TeucholnbisOsrun Slcxprv, Proc. Acad. Nat. Sci. Phila. (1859) 222,
The genus Teucltolabi,s includes more than fifty species, thegreat majority of which are from Tropical America- A few
species occur in the Old World, mostly in the Oriental Region.
The present species, Teucholobis gezoensis sp. nov., is the most
northerly species so far discovered, with the possible exceptionof the Nearctic T. compleao'Osten Sacken.
Teucholabisyezoensissp. nov.
General coloration shiny yellow and black; halteres withknobs orange yellow; legs black, the femoral bases yellow;
wings subhyaline, stigma small, oval, brown; cell lst M, long and.
narrow.
Male, length, 7 millimeters; wing, 6.2 to 6.4. Female, length,
8.2 millirneters; wing, 6.3 to 6.4.
Rostrum about as long as head, black; palpi black. Antenne black, the basal segments paler. Head blaek, sparsely
pruinose anteriorly.
Pronotumshiny yellow, indistinctly
darkened medially. Mesonotal prescutum shiny yellow withthree confluent shiny black stripes that cover the entire sclerite
excepting a small median area at suture, the lateral ends ofsuture, and larger, triangular humeral areas; scutum yellow,
the lateral margins of lobes shiny black; scutellum honey yellow; postnotum black. Pleura yellow; a small and indistinct
shiny black area on the dorsopleural region immediately
cephalad of the lateral ends of suture. Halteres black, knobs
orange yellow. Legs with coxe and trochanters yellow, femora black, bases broadly and conspicuously yellow, narrowest
on forelegs where a little less than one-half of the segment isincluded, broadest on hind legs where about two-thirds of segment is included; tibie pale brown, blackish at base and apex;
basitarsi brown, tips and remainder of tarsi black. TV'ings
subhyaline; stigpa small, oval, brown; veins dark brown.
Venation: Sc, ending before or near midlength of Rs; Sc, a
short distance beyond origin of Rs; r about its own length from

5g4

Ls24

The Phi'lippi,ne Journal of Science

tip of R, and a short distance beyond fork of Rs; cell lst M,
tong and narrolV, gently widened disbally, a little longer thanvein M, beyond it; basal deflection of Cu, about one-half to onethird iis length beyond fork of M. Abdomen black, incisuresof tergites rather broadly yellowish; sternites yellow, faintly
darkened laterally; the fifth sternite black and hairy; hypopygrum brownish black.
(Hokkaido) .
Habi.tat.-Japan
August 26, L922 (T- Esaki').
male,
Shikaripetsu,
Ilolotype,female.
AllotopoWpe,
Paratopotypes, 1 male and 1 female.
Teucltotnbis gezoens'isbears a striking superficial resemblance
to Paratropesa esaki'i,sP. nov.
Genus NE0IJIINOPIIIf,/\
Neolintnophilo
37, 38.

Ar.axlnone,

Ptoc.

Alexander

Calif.

Acatl'

Sci'(4)

Itimnuphilauttinn'a,Osrsr SAcreN, Proc. Acad. Nat. Sci. Phila. (1869)
238,pl. 4, fig.26.
Two females, from Toyohara, Saghalien, July 17, 1922 (T,Esalci,),are refened to this Nearctic species,as a variety.
van der WulP
GenusC0NOSIA
Tijdsch. v. Ent

Aleaander: Jap,nese Crane Fl;i,es
Subfarnily

CYLIND

lgl

ROTO MIN,€

GenusCYUNI)R0TOUAMacquart
Cglind,rotomaMlcqu*r,

Ilist. Nat. Ins., Dipt. (1Sg4) 10?.

Cylinrlrotoma japonica Alexander.
Cylindrotoma japonica Alrxlltom,
944, 346.

Ann. Ent. Soc. Am. 12 (1g1g)

This was the only member of the subfam'ytaken by Doctor
Esaki upon his northern trip. The fly was
known hithe*p onty
from Honshiu. The following additionat,i"
Saghalien: Takinosawa,July 26, tszz; Shl;izq"""o"a, iiiii, "ir"ilrut",tgzz.
Hokkaido: Kamiotoineppu, August 24, lg}2;' -Stit""ip"t.o,August 26, Lg22; Akan, SeptemberB, Lg22,
GenusNESOPXZA
Alexander

10 (1920)'

The genus Neol;i'mnophito'was erected for the supposed
Hexatomine Li,mnophiln ultima osten sacken. Recent studies
on the tribe Claduraria have indicated that the present groupis more properly referable to the Eriopterini than to the Hexatomini, and that the closest relative of the present group is
Crupterin Bergroth.
ileolimnophilaultima (Osten Sacken) var.

Conosi,o,vAN DEa Wulr,24,623 (1880) 159.

The genotype Conosia i'morula (Wiedemann) has a vast
range over the tropical and subtropical regions of the Old
World. In the present collection it is represented by material
from Holdraido, which seems to be the most northern station
so far discovered.
Conosiainorata (Wiedeman).
Aussereur.zweifl. Ins. 1 (1828) 574.
I'i,mnobiairrvrata'Wtoonu.e.NN,
One female from Kamuikotan, Hokkaido, August 22, t922
(7. Esaki,).

Nesopaza Ar.ExANDEn, Can. Ent. 46 (1914)
16?.

NesopezageniculataAlexander.
.
Nesopezageniculata Ar.nx.lNouq Ann. Fnt. Soc.
Am. 11 (191g)
448,449.
One malq Abashiri, Ilokkaido, Augu,st gO,
L}ZZ (7. Esaki).
The species had been recorded'from Honshiu
and i<irrrri".
Genus 0R0PEZA Needham
OrapezoNrmoElM,2BdRept. N. y. St. Ent. for 190? (1908)
211.
Tlle senus oropeza furnishes a strong pointof evidenee resarding the close rerationship existing between thefauna andflora of Japan and those of eastern No*rr
America, weil shownin many g"oups of.animals and plants. The genus, as at pres_ent known, includes
eight American species, all from theeastern united states and canada, andthree addition.al-species
from Japan, one occurring in Fomosa.
0ropeza satsumaAlexander.
Oropezo sats,uma Al,DillNDm,

Journ. N. y. Ent. Soc. 26 (1g1g) 6?.

_ Saghalien: Toyohara, July L6, ].32} (7. Esalei,). Hokkaido:
papporo, August 21, L}ZZ; Kamiotoineppu,
August 28, tgZZ (T.
Esalci),
GenusTANypfEBA Latreille
Tangptera LATRm,LE,Hist. Nat. Crust. et Ins. 14 (1g06)' 2g6.
Xiplwra BBur,r.E,Ann. Soc. Ent. France 1 (IISZ)
206.

596

The Phi,t;i.ppineJournat, of Sci,ence

24,6
:nz+

Tanypterajozana (Matsumura) var.
Xipltusa joza,naMlrsuuune, Thous.Ins. Japan,Add. 2 (1916) 450,
451,pl. 24, fig. lB.
Saghalien: Toyohara, July 1g to 16, 1:gZZ(T. Eaaki,); Ko_numa, JuIy 22, L92Z (7. Esaki).
The typical variety was described from Hokkaido, and is now
known also from Honshiu. The present form is presumably
the one recorded by Matsumura from Solowiyofka, Saghalien(1911: 62) under the name Xiphtna mr'era Loew,*ii"ti,
now considered a synonJnn of Tangptera grucilis (port_
schinsky).
Genus CTXN0PE0RA Meigen
Ctenuph,ora MucuN,

Illiger'sMag,. 2 (1g0g) 26g.

Ctenophorabiguttata Matsumura.
Ctenophorabi,guttataMArsuuunA,Thous.Ins. Japan,Aatd.2 (1916)
454,465,pl. 24, fig. 16.
One female, Manui, Saghalien, August B,1:gZZ (7, Esaki).
Known hitherto only from the vicinity of Sapporo (thetype
locality) and from northern Teshiq Hokkaido.
Genus Nlpf,R0T0MA Meigen
Nephrotama, MnrcuN, Illiger,s Mag. 2 (1g0g) 262.
Pachyr,rhina MAceuARr, Hist. Nat. Ins., Dipt. 1 (1g84) g8.

.The genusNeplwotornois abundanfly representedin all partsof the JapaneseEmpire. The present colrectionincluded
eight
species.
Nephrotoma
esakiisp. nov.
General coloration-shiny black; head orange above; knobs
ofhalteres sulphur yelow; regs with fore feniora ru"guy-Lr""r.;tibie yellow, tips narrowly dark brown; wings
with a yellowish tinge, apex narrowry seamedwith brownl valvesof ovi_positor or:rngg,relatively short and small.
Feanale,length, about 10 millimeters; wing, 12.
Frontal prolongation of head, palpi, and mouth parts
black.
Antenne with scapebasal segment of flagelium o"urrgu,andyellow; intermediate flagellar segmentswith basespalei-tfran
apices; terminal segments of antenne darkbrown. Headorange yellow, the occipital band shiny black; geneand be_neath dull brack. pronotum brack. Mesonotarprescutum
shiny
black, the usuar interspaccr very narrowly yeilow,
thesecapillary lines attaining suture but not reaching
the anterior endof sclerite; scutum yeDow, Iobes largery urairr;s."t"[u*"oaAleaand,er: Jary,,neseCrane Fl;i,es

5g7

postnotum black. Pleura black, the dorsopleural
membranebuffy; a very obscure, paler brown area before root of halteres.
Halteres bro$rn, the knobs conspicuously sulphur yellow.
tegs
v'ith eoxe black; trochanters yeliow; femora yelrow, tips
broadiy
blackened, fore femora black with the exception oi
narrow,
obscure yellow bases-;tibie abrupfly yeilow, tips narrowrydarkbrownish black; basitarsi trrowalsh yeilow, passing
intobrack;
remainder of tarsi bfack. 'Wings strongly tinged
with yellow,
base and cells C and Sc more saturated yellow;
stigma oval,
pale browni wing apex very narrowly
margined *itn a"rtbrown; veins dark brom, very narrowly ,""-udwith brown.
venation: Rs only a litile longer than thebasal deflection of
R.*u; cell M, rather broadly sessile; fusion ofCu, ,"a U rather
extensive, ending at fork of M. Abdomenulact, irr"-irrt."-"_
diate segiments with a large, obscure yellow
area on either side9{ the capillary medjan black stripe; segments b to g shiny
tlack. ovipositor with the varves rerativery
short and smail,obscure orang'e. The somewhat similar it"eiriioio
stygiaAlexander has the varves of the ovipositor of
normal length.
Habitat.-Japan(Hokkaido).
Ifolotype, female, Kamiotoineppu, August25, I}ZZ e.
Esahi.').
This handsome species is na ned in honor of thecollector,
Dr. Teiso Esaki, to whom we are indebted
ro.-rr*ort
sole knowledge of the tipulid fauna of northern"o"Hokkaid"o andSaghalien.
Nephrotomadorsalis sachalinasubsp. nov.
Male, Iength, about 11 millimetersl wing, l2.g
to 18.
Generally similar to N. d,orsal;isttieigen.(nurop"l,differingas follows:
Lateral margins df pronotar scutum conspicuousry
brackened.
Fernoral apices more extensively infuscated.
Brown cloud on
basal deflection of Rn,u and r-m more
pygium largely black instead of obscure "*t""ri*.-'vr"ii"rrypobrownistr yetiow; outerdististyle near midrength produced into avery srender, attenuate point, slenderer than in typical d,orsal;is,H_abitat.-Japan ( Saghalien ) .
Holofype, male, Toyohara, July 16, LgZz (T.
Esahi).
Paratopotype, male.
Nephrotomahirsutioauila sp. nov.
General coloration orange, prescutum and scutumwith brackstripes; wingstingedwith parevelrow,baseand""iis.-liigrrt""

598

The Phi'Itppi,neJourtr'al of Science

Le24

yellow; abdomenorang:e,the lateral margins of tergites interruptedly darkened; eighth sternite of male hypopygium large.
deeply incised mediallR incision clothed with dense,long, yellow
setae.
Male, leng$h, 10 millimeters; wing, 9 to 9.2. Female, length,
13 millimeters; wing, 11.4.
Frontal prolongation of head obscure yellow, nasus darker;
mouth parts ancl palpi pale brown. Antenne rather short, if
bent backward not extending far beyond root of wing; basal
three segurents obscure orange, remainder of organ black.
Head orange, the occipital band conspicuous,brown. Pronotum obscureyellow. Mesonotalprescutum shiny yellow withthree black stripes; in the type, these stripes are much paler,
except at the anterior ends; lateral stripes very strongly andconspicuously.outcurved, scutal lobes conspicuously marked
with black, in the type with only the ends of these marks blackened; scutellum orange testaceous; postnotum orange. Pleura
obscureorange,indistinctly variegated.with obscureyellow, thisincluding a conspicuousmark between bases of wings and haltcres. Halteres pale brown, apices of knobs yellow. Legs withcoxe and, trochanters obscure yellow; femora and tibia pale
brown, tips narrowly blackened; tarsi brownish black. Wings
tinged with pale yellow, base and cell Sc brighter yellowi
stigma small, pale brown; veins dark brown. Venation: Rs
short, in alignment with deflection of R.*0, shorter than Rr*.;r-m short; cell M, narrowly sessile. Abdomen orang€, the lateral margins of tergites with brown markings, more or lessinterrupted at base of segments;in the Mount Moiwa paratype,this coloration extends across the caudal margin of tergite ?;hypopygium orange. Male hypopygium obliquely truncated,the ventral surface of the extensive eighth sternite with conspicuouslong yellow sete, these decussateacrossa deep medianincision; lobes of ninth sternite likewise with shorter but
conspicuousyellow seta.
Habi,tat.-Japan (Saghalien and Hokkaido).
Holotype, male, Sapporq Hokkaido, JulS 1921 (5. KuutoEama)
Allotype, female, Toyohara, Saghalien, July 20, t922 (T.
Esaki).
Paratypes, 1 male, Mount Moiwa, near Sapporo, Ilokkaido,
July 15, L921-(M. Hori,'); 3 males and females,with the allotype,
July 20 to 23, L922 (7. Esalci")

24,5

Alesard,er: Japanese Crane Flies

bgg

Nephrotoma hirsutica,udo somewhat
resembres N. geminata
Alexander (Honshiu), differing i"ifr" coloration and structureof the male hypopygium.
Nephrotonarninuticomis Alexander.
Nephrotornami.nuti.cornhAr.uANDEa,
Ann. Ent. Soc.Am. 14 (Lgzl)
The type locarity is sapporo.
The present cotection incrudes
the following material.
Saghalien: Tovohara, July 16,
L}Z;Z (7. Esaki,). Hokkaido:
Sapporo,August

1?,
Ausust t9, rszz; Kamuikotan, August 22, lg42;-L!??r;";;;kd
Xr-io#n.ppo,
Augus,t 24, t9Z2:
Kamiokoppe, Auq3st 27,' lgii;
S*ougtri, August 28, t922;
Abashiri, August St, Lgzp; T;;b";;,
Septembert, 11gzi;ponkikin, SeptemberZ, tgz? (f .-Er;i;\:Nephrotoma
aculeataatriaaudasubsp. nov.
Male, length, 12.millimeters; wing, 18. Female, Iength, 14
millimeters; wing, 18.b.
Generallysimilar to typicat aculeat,a_(Ioew)
of Europe, dif_fering as follows,ir".ui"*,-in.iuding hypopygium.
tU"tehypopygium shiny Tgar_
blact,
larger and more prom_
spine "*";hil.fl:l,l;*i".ljiate,,,o"u"" "ishd-Ji"*it" .tooiu"--"r,i(Saghalien).
falttat.-J"prn
Holotype, male, ?of,ohr"u,-iugo.t g,lg}2 (7. Esalci).
Allotopotype, female.
Paratopotype,male.
Nephrotoma
conriaina(Linneus) var.
Ti,pula cornicina LrNN.mus, Syst.

Nat., ed. 10 (l?bg)

5g6.
This speeieshad
b"ln
from
_already
Honshiu.
Doc_
tor Esaki'smaterial"..o"dedrecords
ofdistribution:a;f"*r"g
Saghalien: Maoka,"d$.;hi
Juty 29, lg};'(T.

Sapporo, July 1o to augusl

Esaki). Hokkaido:ta,-1622; Jozankei, August
19,Augu"tzE,-lnz;Abash;;;er?.,rrt
sr,
ffi|t rf:E:""ninunnr,
Nephrotomalamellata (Riedel)var.
'I can detect noessential differenees between
the Japanese
specimens and Riede*s descriptir"-;ithis European species.
The present

couectioninct;des-til-rJiro*irrgl.;;il;"tSaghatien:Shimizu, lytv^.2f,-iiZli
U*r.", JuIy 28; 1922;
Todorokit6ge,
August z, tizz (f .-nsa't rl.

600

Th'e Philt'ppi'neJourtwl of Sci'ence

rsar

NephrotonaPamirostrasP' nov'
very small to subGeneral coloration yellow; occiptal bandsuture blackened; abdomen
obsolete;lateral ends of transverse
med'ian stripe; eighthinterrupted
orange, tergites *iift *prow-shapedmedianasmall,
sternite of male r,ypopvgi"- withlobe.
wing' 11to 11'5'
Male, length, 11 to 11'5 millimetersl
the elongate nasus
yellow'f"oi"ftrolongation of headyellow' narrowly
segxnent
brown; palpi p"f" fto*", the terminal
ifbent backward
short'
tipped with brown. Arrttoo* rather
brightsegment
scapalextending to beyond-*i"g root; firstsegxnents
remainingyellow; segments 2 and i ngftt brown;
microscopicpubesi""r. u"o*"ish black, covered with a densec e n c e . Hea d o r a n g gtheverticaltubercleligh t s u lp h u ry elsmall to subobsolete'pale brown' thelow; occipital univery
yellow' Mesonotum
anterior end truncate. Pronotum sulphur
stripes' the lateral
black
three
light yellow, prescutum withprod'ucing theends'
anterior.t?put with ; dark spot at theirvery exsimilar,
lobes
scutalb"irrg outeurved;;il;;;;;oi
tensivetymarkedw-ithblaek,thecolorfollowingalongsuture
postnotum
to wing root; scutellum pale brownish testaceous;withsclerite
medianthemargin ofwhitish yellow, tft""uua'ivariegatedbrown'
two pale brown u*."r. Pleura pale reddish
a conspicuousarea
with-pale yellow, the latter color includingbases of wingso" ift" latlrat sclerites of postnotum between
and knobs
stem
uoa fr"tt""ur. Halteres paie brown, base ofpaleyellow;
femoratrochautersv"if"*. Legs with coxE-andbrown;dark
with
tto*rr; tibim pale brown, narrowly tipped
tiSei stigma
pale
brown
a
with
Wings
tarsi dark brown.
the basal derather light brown; , lntty indistinct seam along
VenaJf Ro*uand r-m j veins dark brownish black'n".ti*
t i o n : C el l M ,..su b sessileorveryshort.petiola t e . A b d o me
nobof black areas onscure or&nge' tergites with a median series? more extensively
ifre post"tior haliof tergites 2 to 6; tergite
orange; eighthghypopygiumand9
urr.r.u""a; tergites ana
with the mehypopysrlTMale
sternite black on basal half'sternite proeighth
theofairt pottion of the caudal marginandcomprgsse'd
very
this
lobe'
duced into a ttoutt, prow-shaped
caudad'pubescence'
directedye[owcoveredwith an,ppr*ss"A
tip ventrad.
H abitat.-JaPan (Hokkaido)
HolotYpe,male, SaPPorc(M' Hori) '2q, g

Aletander:

Japanese Cratw Fl;ies

Paratopotype,., male, July601

ZS, itg2l (5.

Kuwayama) ; para_
types, male, Shikarine^t1u,
e.do*i'zo, 1922e. "us,aia; male,
Kamiokoppe,
August 27,'rc2;7i. nsaA).

GenusTIPU&ILinneus
TipuJo,LrNNlrus, Syst. Nat. ed.
10 (l?bS) EgE.
Nippotiputa MErsuuunA, flo"".
l"* .fapan, Add. 2 (1916) 457, 4Eg.
platgtipula Marsuaaunl,Tho,us.Ins.

v*'i"titte"i"M,rsurcuu,
rn"""'i".1
T,x1,1;.? l'nlf lufufur,
nur.
Thous. Ir". jupu.r,
Add. 2 (1916) 46b.

^-Togotipul,a.Mlrsuuunl.,
The great genus

Tiputa is abundanfly represenied
in the Jap_
aneseEmpire. fhe present cotection
incruded representatives
species,sevenof which are considered
Ls being un_;:Ji?ilf"
Tipula coquillettiEnderlein.
Tipula rwbifery, Coeuru^Er,proc. U.
S. Nat Mus. 21 (1898) S0E;
preoecupieday
mrbifera uuo a"i'Sorn-iir[il]'"Tipula coquil,letti!;aaa
Errrurnr,nrx,
2*r. .rufr"U.,Sv.i -gzrii:si,zl z.
This is the largest and handsornest
species of the genus in
Japan' rt ranges from sagrr"rier,soutrrwara to the mountainsof Taiwan. The Esaki *r"t"ri"i-inltoao
the following:
Saghalien: Kiminai,
LZ-,-]rg2}.
Hokkaido:_August-6,-1;;;, Kamio_
koppe,August

27,!g??,^i;k"tq'yama, September17,
lgZZ.
Tipula moiwana (Matsumura)._
PlatUti,pu.l,a*o*^:w^[f.trsuuunl.,
488, AEg, pl. 25, fig. 2.

Septemfer

Maru-

Thous.Ins. Japan,Add. A (1916)?his beautifur Iate summer andautumnar speciesbears a resemblance to the Nearctic r.iit*oAlexander. rt wa.s
describedfrom Mo,nt Moiwa
otn"" stations near sapporo.
Doctor Esaki's collections i".frj""rra ii" toffo*ing
records:Ho}ilcaido: Kamiotoineppo, aogurt
ZS, LgZ2; Shikaripetsu,
August 26, lg22; famiotoppe,
er'**t zT, 1gzz; Abashiri,Au_-sunno"o,ilil."1l;"t?,';n*!"n s"pt.-n"i-ato 7, re22;
Tipula nova Walker.
TipAa neua Wttxun, List Dipt. Brit.

Mus. 1 (1348) ?1.

wt's'rsu;r;;-i;l;* ns.'.rapan,
read.2 (1e16)'W,";W*.T"
This specieshas u.ry wide range
over eastenrand south_"
ern Asia. Doctor Esaki
secureatrr-especiesin two pracesin

602

The Phi,l;ippineJournal of Science:szl

Hokkaido: Kamiotoineppu,August 25, ].g?2; Shitakara, September L0,1922.
TipulavariicornisSchummel.
Tipula oariicotntisScnuuum, Beitn zur Entomol. A (1SBS)9g, pl.
3, figs. 2, 3.
Tipula antrulicorni,sMorcnN,Syst. Beschr,6 (1830) 289, pl. 68, fig.
9; preoccupied
by T. annultcornisSay (1829).
This familiar European species was taken by Doctor Esaki
at Toyohara, Saghalien, July \3 to 21, 1922. It had previously
been recorded from Tonnaitcha, Saghalien, tfy Matsumura(191I-) under the name Pachyrchinn onnul;icornis Meigen.
Tipula latemarg'inataAlexander.
Tipula latemarg'inatdATJxANDER,
Ann. Ent Soc. Am. 14 (Lg2l)
l2g, Lzg.
This species is related to ?. marginata Meigen of Europe.
Some of the Hokkaido specimens recorded below are larger andwith a heavier wing pattern than in typical examples, but undoubtedly belong here" The following material was secured
by Doctor Esaki:
Saghalien: Konuma, July 17, L922; Toyohara, July ZE, LSZZ;
TaJ<inosawa, July 26, L922; Shimizu, Jaly 27, LIZZ; Manui,August 3, L922i Odasanq August E, L\ZZ; Kiminai, August 12,
1922. Hokkaido: Maruyama, August 17, tgZZ; Jozankei, August 19, 1922; Kamuikotan, August 23, L922; Kamiotoineppu,
August 24, L922; Shikaripetsu, August 26, L922; Abashiri, August 31, 1922'; Ponkikin, September 2, 1922.
Tipula fumitla sp. nov.
General coloration gray, prescutum with three dark brown
stripes; wings strongly tinged with brown, with obliterative
areas before stigma and across base of cell 1st M,; male hypopygium with the caudal margin of the ninth tergite produced
into a blunt median lobe, apex of which is blackened and feebly
bilobed.
Male, length, 12 millimeters; wing, 14.5.
Frontal prolongation of head obscure brownish yellow, lightgray above; nasus elongate; palpi brownish black. Antenne
rather short, scape and two basal segments of flagellum brown,
the terminal flagellar segments darker brown to almost black.
Head dark gray, the median area darker. Pronotum dark gray,the scutellar angles light yellow. Mesonotal prescutum gray24,6

Aleaa,nd,er:JapaneseCrane
Fl;ies608
with three dark brown stripas,
themedianstripe split by acapillary dark brown
brownish gray. pteura "ift"; ";";elum and portrrotum Ou"ti;+er.on the--iiJf"l;;*".
dorsopleurar
membrane;;#y.
"rrtuiior.preurites;;"u""*-rii
with co>rapale;Legs

trochantersonr.** yerlow; femora
brownishvellow,,tips narrowl;il;grpicuously
and tibire
blaekened,amountsubequaton all legs;ltarsi
thispt".b ;#"d,imatly. Wingsstrongtt t;1;;;;;
il;." prox_

sright;;aarreruro-*r,':tig*";;:;,"":h3"H,ffirfiyyj:*
beforestigrna

andacrrossu*"-,it o.'irt,
i"""t brown.
Venation:Rs lon_g,
morethantwiceR,p., ryr"".r*Rl;;;;Treutiv"ty
short;celrlst nr, gen'r;;ffiIonserthanm; ,m_cu
o.iloi"-"i cerrJ\[,.dirt"'i;at aboutorrohrtrr.
th"i";;;;i""Jti ,", t*,,-ebi'o*inul
cell 2d A relatively

tergites obscure yelJow, oo either"*"io*.
*ii1, ;ffi,**picuous, dark stripg thelateml margins"i0",and.median,_ri"*alyof ground color; caudal

au"r.
ililltrr ::#ffi:'t 'i**;t e"rJ;,t-"",,iL"
b*wn,
the

",:,:TT;?#}H*:1i,r{'E;',#;
TH'#;ly*,l;:avpopygium with'the caudaiof the ninth tergrte pro_
ducedinto a medial.lop"* i;-i:iotemnrghwtaAlexander-#"';
allies, apex feebr\:and?ilobed,-bi;;"r;goto dististyre a pals
flattenedrobe. digi,tt,-"*''"11*it""lr"i"L.a.
lalttat._Japan (no*aiaol-.
Ilolotypsmate,iusnirJ,iJptu*n"" !t,Igzz (7. Esaki).

fipula bipenicillatasp. nov.

wing,
r?to18.Femare,,.ffi'#Hlft*1"111#-iimeters;
RathercloselyresembUnf'f.-ia,ztam,aAlexander,differing ia
the detailsof cororatior,*i;il;il;"reof the rmarehypopyFemoraltips conspicuously
apicesextensivetylt1-",1gr.Jr"and broadly dark brown; tibial#ii*i'_o"egrayish; ceu Sc and'passins
strsma infuscated:ob-riterati"ur"; ;;ii fst R,-^itio*"obefore stigma into.celt ilt"i"-"1ii;
withsegments6 to
9 black, the caudal*."q*r*ilt
fr#.",_ narrow, the lateral
margins of tergites more

broadly;;"
Male hypopygium withtne caudal marg"in of theeichth" riJ"ilt" unarmed except
conspicuouspencil
for a
ufroJ-goio"o."''sete on either side.
91
1tfr9ry.a:i!at._J apan (Saghail;n;-^rtolotype, male, Toyohara,
July Zg, tgZZ (7, Esaki).

2 4,6604

The Phi'l'i'ppi'ne Journal of Seience

Le24

Allotype, fernale, Konuma, July 21, 1922 (T. Esaki).
Paratopotype, male, July 25, 1922; paratypes, 2 males, withthe allotype; 1 male, Shimizu, July 27,]^922 (T. Esald').
Tipula saita,ma Alexander.
Tipul,asaitam.pAr.Hlrvonn,Trans.Amer. Ent Soc.46 (1920) 21,22.
One male, Abashiri, Hokkaido, August 30, L922' (7. Esaki').
Tipula insulicola fuscicautlasubsp. nov.
Male, length, 1.0millimeters; wing, 12.5. Female, length, 11
to 12 millimeters; wing, 11.5 to 12.
Close to the typical subspecies, differing in the larger andstouter hypopygium of the male which is conspicuously brownish black, the longer median process of the ninth tergite yellow.
Wing membrane more grayish yellow.
H abi,tat.-Japan ( Saghalien) .
Holotype, male, Manui, August 3, 1922 (T. Esaki).
Allotopotype, female.
Paratypes, 1 male, Toyohara, Ju'ly 21, 1922 (7. Esaloi'), at
honey bait trap; 2 females, July 25, t922 (7. Esaht') ,Iipula nipponensisAlexander.
Ttpuln n'i,pponens'i,sALEXANDm, Can. Ent. 46 (1914) 1ffi, 297"

Saghalien: Toyohara, July 21, t922, at honey bait trpp; Konulna, July 21, 1922; Takinosawa, July 26, L922; Nodasam,
July 30, 7922 (7. Esaki). Ilokkaido: Kamiotoineppu, August23, 24, L922 (7. Esaki).
The radial sector is shorter than in the type but the species
is almost certainly identical.
Tipula westwootlianasp. nov.
Size larg:e (wing, over 25 millimeters) ; general coloration
gray, prescutum with four brown stripes; wings with a strong
yellowish tinge, base and cells C and Sc more saturated; stigma
brown; abdominal tergites obscure yellow with two sublateralbrown stripes on either side.
Female ( ?), length of wing, 26.8 millimeters.
Frontal protrongation of head dark; nasus elongate; palpi
with ba"sal two segments 'black, the terminal two yellow, withthe extreme tip of the last darkened. Antenne with the scapeyellow, the flagellar segments brown. Head dark, sparsely
only
pruinose; vertex flattened, the usual tubercle'representdby a tiny protuberence behind each antennal fossa. Mesonotal
prescutum dull gray with four brown stripes; humeral triangle

Aleuander: JapaneseCrane Flies

605

reddish brown; scutum lighteray,lobe with a circularbrown mark; scutellum *itf, tfr-" median
-each
Iobe
dark, dusted withgrag the laterar lobes variegatedwittr pate, ilJtiJ,o**nnmediotergite black, dusted with gray. pleura
Alit l""owo, oir_.
colored in type,g"ui p*irrose in t*"i,n".imens;,presumably
pleurotergite witha ye'owish
root ot
halteres' Halteres brownish y;rl"*.
""riri"i""i"-,r"""""ii"f,Legs with-;;;*
dark,
presumabrypruinosein fresh
specimens,apicesparer; trochanters obscure yellow; femora obr"o"" yellow
basally, tips con_spicuoustvbrackened,on forelegs incrudingth";;;il;-thirds,
on the posterior femora onrri the broljtd,;;;
li"cr.rrua;-Wf"*,
tibie brown, tips darker; tarli niowrisr,
Ufalt.
with astrong vellowish tinge, baseand cerls
c and sc ,rtur"Tuil stigma
oval' brown; brown seamsarong cord
and more narrowry on the
Iongitudinalveinsb3ro-nd.o"aiuuir,. il".k;;;;ilffi flavous
areas. Venation: Rs long; R, distinct
for its entire iingttr; rwith macrotrichia throughout it" turrgtfr;
petiole of cellM, about-ieJtu,one-half m; m-cu short but distinci.
Abdominaron_scure yetow, the laterar margins
buffy, margined intefiarrv ny
a more or less distjnct
stripe; median line oi tergite
broadly ob,scureyellow, lroyn
bordered oir either side by a broad,sublateral,dark brown stripe; on
the subterminarsegmentsthe
dark stripes becomeconflueni; sternites
tipof abdomenbroken in the unique type. il;;;;;fiw;
H_abitat.-Japan ( Sag:halieni
Ifolotype, sex ?, Shimizu, Jaty 27,
LgzZ (T. Esulti).
Tipulacoquillettiana
sp. nov.
Belong'sto the centralis group; malehypopygium with theninth tergite rather narrow, the caudar
margin erevated intoa narrow' erect, chitinized rih thatis feebly aenticutate.
Male, Iength, 16 millimeters; wing,tg.
Fr:ontal prolongation of head reaAistr
brown, gray above; na,
sus elongate; palpi black. Antenne
obscure.yellow, the first segment , iittf",relatively short; scapen"_gellum-darkbrown,.the basalswe[ings au*.r"a--f"r.ify;
moderate
in
size.
Head
gray, clearer posteriorty. Mesonotatl;;;ligr,i'-giryutr,four darker gray stripes, each of wliich
is narro-wty-roia."uaby brown; scutumlight gray, Ionestargely
dark gray; scutellum
pleuranostnotum
light
Cra!.
.and
dorsopleural mem_ .
brane buffy. Harteres obscure brow]rish yetow,".u5knobs darkbrown. Legs with coxa gray; trochantersobscureyellow; fem_ora brownishyellow, tips broadly darkbrown; tibi;Uio*rr, trp,
200486.-?

606

The Phili,ppi,neJowrwl of Sci,ence

24,'o

t924

very indistinctly darker; tarsi brown, the terminal segments
passing into dark brown. Wings of the general type of T. kw
wayamni Alexander and related species; whitish subhyaline, baseand costal region more yellowish; stigma small, preceded by aneyelike brown spot; pale brown clouds on surface, the white pattern correspondingly restricted, including a narrow band beyond
the cord extending through cell lst M, into M.; bases of cells R
and M; a large blotch near two-thirds the length of cell M; andbase and apex of cell lst A; outer end of cell Ro pale; bases ot'
cells R and M not darkened; veins dark brown. Abdomen withthe basal segment pruinose; segment 2 yellow, the lateral margins
ocherous, sparsely pruinose; tergites 3 to 5 similar but becoming graduallyrdarker colored; terminal segments and hypopygium dark brown, segments very narrowly ringed caudally withpale. Male hypopygium of the general type of T. centrali,s andrelated species. Ninth tergite rather narrow, the caudal margin
elevated into a narrow, erect, chitinized rim, shiny black, thecaudal margin nearly straight across but feebly denticulate, thelateral angles a little more conspicuous. Outer dististyle slender, clavate. Eighth sternite unarmed.
Habi,tat.-Japan (Saghalien) .
Holotype, male, Odasam, August 5, L922 (7. Esaki,).
Paratopotype, male.
fipula verecunilasp. nov.
Male, length, 13 to 14 millimeters; wing, 17. Female, length,
20 to 22 millimeters; wing, 17 to 19.
Generally similar to T. coquillettinnn sp. nov., differing as follows:
Antenna longer. Head light ocherous yellow with a capillarybrown median vitta. Mesonotal prescutum paler with the four
stripes darker brownish gray, narrowly and conspicuously margined with dark brown, the lateral stripes crossing suture onto
the anterolateral regions of scutum; disk of scutal lobes witha larger brownish gray atea, narrowly margined with darker;
scutellum and postnotum gray with a narrow, dark brown,
median line. Pleura dark gralr, the dorsopleural membranemore buffy. Wings somewhat similar to T. coqui'Lletti,anu,differing chiefly as follows: Bases of cells R and M darkened;
the white band before midlength of cell lst A continued acrossvein Lst A to wing margin in tip of cell 2d A; bases of analcells more abruptly pale. Venation: Cell lst M, smaller. Abdomen with tergites 2 to 4 light yellow, the lateral margins

Alerand,er: Japanese Crane Flies

607

broadly pale, narrowly margined internaily by a brownish blackline; terminal segtnents uniformly dark brlwnish black withpale margins; sternites similar, the terminarsegments dark
pruinose. Male hypopygium with the ninth terg;,te
extensive
but not chitinized, the caudar margin with a dJep u-shaped
notch, surface with yeilow seta. Basistyre compiete.
outerdististyle flattened,dark-colored. Ninth siernite
f,roducedven_trad into a smalr median tubercre. Eighth sternite unarmedcaudally but surface with rather numerous rong yelrow
setae.
Female with the varvesof the type of T. arctica ur.,rot *r"gins not serrate.
"i
Habi,tat.-Japan (Saghalien).
Holotype,male, Toyohara,July L6, LgZ2 (T. Esaki).
Allotype, female,Shimizu, JaIy 2T,lg2? (7. Esaki,j.
Paratopotypes,B males and 1 female, July lB, l4,IgZZ; para_
type, female,Nodasam,July BI, lg2L.
Tipulatantulasp. nov.
General coloration gray, prescutum rpith four very indistinct
darker gray stripes; femora brownish yellow, tips-btact<enea;
wings subhyaline, with a very pale, ill_defineAbrown putt"*;male hypopygium with the ninth tergite having a V]_sfrapeA
notch.
Male, length, 10.bmillimeters; wing, 11.
Frontal prolongation of head dark gray above, nasus appar_
ently lacking or very rudimentary; palpi relativeiy sho;,bbck.
Antennm_relativelyshort; scqpe and first flag€uar sesment
obscure yelrow; remainder of antenna dark brown; individual
flagellar segmentsmoderately incised. Head dull gray, with acapillary dark brown vitta. Mesonotal prescutum graywithfour very indistinct darker gray stripes, the intermediaie pair'
only narrowly separated from one anorther, strongly nartowed
behind; scutum dark gray, center.sof lobes faintly darkened;scutellum Iight gray with a capillary brown *.diro vitta;
postnotum gray with a capillary brown line. pleura gray, indistinctly variegated with darker; dorsopleural membrane
buffy. Halteres pale brownish white. Legs with coxe lightgray, paler apically; trochanters yellow; femora brownish
yellow, tips narrowly but conspicuouslyblackened,the amountsubequalon all the legs; tibire paler brown, tips very narrowrydarker brown; tarsi black. Wings subhyaling *ith * lr"rypale brown, ill-defined pattern; stigma oval, darker brown;
the subhyaline markings include areas before and beyond

608

The Phi'kppine Jou,rnnl of Sci,ence

7s24

stigma, the latter forming an ill-defined crossband that follows
through cell lst M, into base of cell M"; a blotch beyond midleneth of cell M; a pale area in cell lst A at tip of vein 2d A;
lass-distinsb pale areas in the anal and cubital cells near base;veins brown. Venation: Rs very long:; base of R, faintly indicated, perpendicular at origin; basal deflection of Rn*u short orlacking; cell 1st M, nearly pentagonal; petiole of cell M, morethan twiee m; m-cu obliterated by fusion of adjoining veins.
Abdomen obscure yellow, the lateral margins of tergites narrowly buffy, margined internally by a narrow blaek line; segments 5 to 9 passing into black; sternites similar. Male
hypopygrum moderately incrassate. Ninth tergite with a broad
V-shaped notch, at base of which is a microscopic tubercle.
Outer dististyle slender, pale; inner dististyle a conspicuous
compressed blade, the apical point jutting into notch of tergite.
Ninth sternite with a deep V-shaped median notch. Eighthsternite unarmed.
( Sashalien) .
Habi.tat.-Japan
Holotype, male, Odasam, August 5, l9ZZ (7. Esaki).
Tipula matsunuriana sp. nov.
General coloration light gray, prescutum with four narrowpdle brown stripes; pleura uniformly clear gray; femora
obscure yellow, tips conspicuouslyblackened; wings whitish subhyaline, variegated with pale brown and yellow; a broad, nearlycomplete white crossband beyond cord.
Female, length, 19 millimeters; wing, 17.
Frontal prolongation of head elongate, dark brown beneathand on sides, yellow dor:sally; na,sus long and slender; palpi
dark brown. Antennae with scape and basal segments of flagellum yellow; remainder of antenna dark brown. Head yellowish gray with a delicate, capillary, brown median vitta.
Mesonotal prescutpm light gray with four narrow, pale brown
stripes, the intermediate pair na.rrowed posteriorly; pseudosutural fovere reduced to a blackened puncture; scutum gray,lobes with very pale brown centers; scutellum pale gray, thelateral sclerites darker; postnotum clear light grey. Pleurauniformly clear gray; dorsopleural membranes whitish. Halteres yellow with conspicuous dark brown knobs. Legs with
gray; trochanters yellow; femora obscure yellow,
co><light
tips rather narrowly but conspicuously blackened, these areas
subequal on all the legs; tibie dark brown, bases pale; tarsi

24' 5

Alerander:

Japanese Crane Fli,es609
brownish black. 'Wings whitish subhyaline,
base and eells C
aad sc yellow; a conspicuouspare brown patternoccufies mostof wing surface; stigma darker brown thewhitisr. g"oirna .oro";
occupies the forlowing areas: Before-and beyond;ig,,, of Rs;
a large area occupying the basal half of celi ryr;
*J*i.irculararea in cell M beneath orig:n of Rs and a smal,ler
" o""
trr"
"tcord,9ut-er end of cell; a very broad whitish crossband beyorrA
including the basal halves of cells R, and R,;
basal po"tion of
Ru and center of 1st M,, passing into cdls ili,ur,A 6o,; oot."
half of cell Ro fainily pale; pale-areas in cell cu
at basal thirdand before apex, and in celr lst A before midrengthand atmargin; bases of anal cells indistincfly paler;ieins darkbrown, yellowish in the costal and basal regions.
Abdomen wiflr
the basal segments Iight yellow, the terminal segments
passing
into darker, surface da'k gray pruinose; tergites
with the raterar
margins narrowly whitish, the caudar
r ress distincfly
so. ovipositor with the srender valves -""gitwith smooth margins.
H abi,tut.-Japan (Hokkaido) .
Holotype, female, Jozankei, August 19, lgZZ (7. Esaki).
Tipula bubo Alexander.
Tipula DaboAr.sxar,rDm,,
Journ. N. y. Ent. Soc.26 (1g1g) 69, ?0.
Tlu type locality for this handsome fly is Honshiu.
_
DoctorEsaki's material adds the following records:
Saghalien: Toyohara, JuIy 74 to 28, Lg22; Odasam,
August5, 7922. Hokkaido: Jozankei, August Ig, lg2}; Kamiotoineppu,
August 23, 1922.
Tipula fl avocostalisAlexander.
Tipula, fla.uocostalis Ar,E(ANDm, Ann. Ent.

Soc. Am. i4 (1921) I24,125.

Saghalien: Toyohara, July 18 to irg, lg2} (7. Esaki);Ko_numa, September l, LgZl- (5, Kuwaaama).
. -The type locality is Honshiu and the species has not yet beentaken in Hokkaido.
Tipula taikun Alexander.
Ti.pttla taikun AT,E*ANDER,Ann. Ent. Soc. ,Am.
14 (7g|]-)

t}l,

126.

Hokkaido: Kamuikotan, August 22, L)ZZ; Karniotoineppu,
August 24, 25, 1922; Kamiokoppe, August 27, 1:gZZ;Setonshi,
August 28, 1922; Abashiri August gl, L}ZZ; Obihiro, Tokachi
Provinrie, September 12, 1g2Z (f . Esanil
The type locality is Morioka, Iwate-Ken, Honshiu.

610

The Phili,ppi,ne Journal of Scimce

ILLUSTRATIONSBIBLIOGRAPEY
adeagus;f,a=ClrART.EsP. Two undescribed species of Japanese PtychopAT,EXANDER,
teride (Diptera). Insec. Inscit. Menst. I (1921) 80 to 83.
AT.UANDEB,Cn.m.r,us P. Undescribed species of Japanese crane-flies.
(Tipulide, Diptera) Part II. Ann. Ent. Soc.Am. 14 (7927, 111 to 134.
Ar,nxeNnnnoCsmrus P. New species of Japanese crane-flies (Diptera,
Tipulida) Part 2. Insec. Inscit. Menst. I (1921) 179 to 186.
The above works describe collections taken by Messrs. Isshiki, Kuwayama, and Shiraki in the provrnces of Ishikari and Teshio.
M.l,tsuuuno,, S. Thousand Insects of Japan 2 (1906) L28, 124, Plate 29,
figs. 5, 6.
Describes as new Tipula longi,cauila,and Ctenophqr&Aezound,;Japanese
text only; figures excellent.
Mnrsuuuna, S. Erster Beitrag zur Insekten-Fauna von Sachalin. Jo.urn.
CoIl. Agric. Tohoku Imp. Univ. 4 (1911) 1 to 145, Plates 1, 2.
Discussed in text of present paper.
M.a.rsulaum, S. KonchO Bunruigaku. Systematic entomology 2 (1915)
60 to 64, Plate 2, ffgs. 14 to 16.
Japanese text only; on page 68, ffg. 16, records Cluionpa araneoid,esDalman from vicinity of Sapporo.
Mnrsur,luru, S. Thousand Insects of Japan, Add. 2 (1976) 447 to 474,
Plate
figs. 10 to 17, Plate 25, figs. 1 to 18.
'24,
Text in both Japanese and English; figures excellent.

b=basistyle;proctiger;

dt=

dististyle; gninth tergital

gonapophyses; p =Prars 1
Frc. 1, Dicranomgin subtristis sp. nov., hypopygium.
2. Dicranomryia, mngacaudn, sp. nov., rostriform appendage.
3, Dicranomgia
megaeaudo sp. nov., append"gu o? basi-style.
4. Dicranomg,ia globulithwan sp. nov., hypopygium.
5. Dicranurngia
spini,cattd,a sp. nov., hypopygium.
6. Lirloni4 anguatistria sp. nov., dististyles.
7. Limonia basispirw sp. nov., hypopygium.
8. Limonta monacontha sp, nov., hypopygium.
Frc,

Pr,.lrp 2
9, Antocha serricauda $p. nov., hypopygium.
10. Antocha bif,ila sp. nov., hypopygium.
L7. Antocha breaistgla sp. nov., hypopygium.
72. Antocha breo'i,nerozs sp. nov., hypopygium.
L3. Antocha satsuma Alexander, hypopygium.
L4. Antocha d,tlatata sp. nov., hypopygium.
15. Eriopteru
sachali,nu sp. nov., ninth tergite.
L6. Erioptera Aezouna sp. nov., ninth tergite.
17. Eri,optera sacholi.na sp. nov., lateral lobe of tergite.
L8. Eriopterd, gezocnta sp. nov., lateral lobe of tergite.
L9. Erioptera saalwl,i.na sp. novr dististyle.
20. Erioptero Uezoana sp. nov., dististyle.
2t. Erioptera flauohumeralis sp. nov., hypopygium.
22. Eriopte,ra horii sp. nov., hypopygium.
611

l:ir'

:. tt! t\l.rr:s.a-

AI,EXANDaR:

JrraNEsE

ATEX NDaR: Jap

CBANE trtrBs.l[PErLrp.

JouRN. S!q., 24, No.

NESE CBANE tr.r,tEs.llPaprp.

5.

13

/\

{o

15

U

16

18

/

{@
'l *)
YY
20
PLATE 2.
PLATE I.

JounN. Sq.,24,

No. E.