The 45th Biomechanics Seminar
2023 年 11 月 8 日（水）15:00 - 17:00
京都大学 医生物学研究所１号館 1 階 共同セミナー室３
MAP: http://www.kyoto-u.ac.jp/ja/access/campus/yoshida/map6r_b.html (Bldg. 31)

Bone Microstructure in Osteoarthritis
Prof. X. Edward Guo
Stanley Dicker Professor of BiomedicalEngineering
Professor of Medical Sciences (in Medicine)
Bone Bioengineering Laboratory
Department of Biomedical Engineering
Columbia University, New York

Thermomechanobiology: The Next Frontier for
Treating Osteoarthritis
Prof. Dominique Pioletti
Director Laboratory of BiomechanicalOrthopedics
Institute of Bioengineering, EPFL,Switzerland連絡先：京都大学 医生物学研究所 安達 泰治 adachi@infront.kyoto-u.ac.jp

Bone Microstructure in Osteoarthritis
Prof. X. Edward Guo (Columbia U, New York)
Osteoarthritis (OA) of the knee, a musculoskeletal disease characterized bydegenerations in multiple joint tissues, including the articular cartilage andsubchondral bone, is a major clinical challenge worldwide that currently has nocure. Traumatic knee injuries such as anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) tears
predispose subjects to early onset of post-traumatic OA (PTOA), necessitating thedevelopment of effective disease-modifying therapies as total knee replacement
surgeries have a limited lifetime. A significant knowledge gap remains in thepathogenesis of OA, while recent evidence suggests the critical role of subchondralbone microstructure and mechanics in OA development. Subchondral bonecomprises the subchondral bone plate, a thin layer of cortical lamella, and thesubchondral trabecular bone, composed of individual plate-like and rod-liketrabeculae. Recent application of ITS showed that changes in the plate-and-rod
microstructure of subchondral trabecular bone precede cartilage damage and areimplicated in playing a role in disease pathogenesis. We will examine theconnections between articular cartilage to subchondral bone plate and subchondral
trabecular in human OA samples, a canine ACL transection model, and a guinea
pig spontaneous OA model. The importance of bone microstructure in the early
detection and intervention of OA will be emphasized.

Thermomechanobiology: The Next Frontier for Treating
Osteoarthritis
Prof. Dominique Pioletti (EPFL, Switzerland)
Osteoarthritis is a painful joint disease characterized by a progressive degenerationof the tissues composing the osteochondral unit with no possibility to reverse its
progression once its onset. We may have identified one factor favouring thisirreversibility: dissipative properties, i.e., the capacity to convert mechanical energy
into heat. During our previous study, we made the important observation thatdegenerated cartilage does not possess high enough dissipative properties to allow
its self-heating during mechanical stimulation. The temperature of degenerated
cartilage culminates only to a maximum of around 33°C during physiologicalloadings compared to 37°C for healthy cartilage thanks to its preserved self-heating
capability. Mechanical as well as thermal stimuli might therefore play an essential
role in cartilage homeostasis. By considering thermomechanobiology aspect in
cartilage, we will propose an original approach which may have the potential tochange the therapeutical approach in the treatment of early osteoarthritis.