Reprintecl from Jounxer, oF rHn NEw YoRK Er.rrovor,oorcer, SocrETy,
VoI. XXXV. March. 1927.

RECORDS AND DESCRIPTIONS OF CRANE-FLIESFROM THE EASTERN UNITED STATES(TIPULIDAE, DIPTERA)1
Bv Cnanr,ns P. Ar,pxlNopn
A.lmrnRsr,Mass.
The new speeies described at this time were all included. in theextensive collections of crane-flies submitted to the writer for examination by Professor J. Speed Rogers, to whom all types anduniques have been returned. In his preparation of the lists ofTipulidre for the states of Iowa, Michigan, fndiana, Tennessee,
North Carolina, Georgia and Florida, Professor Rogers has discovered a large number of previously undescribed speeies thatare being discussed in a series of papers by the writer, whose
sincere thanks are extended to the eolleetor for the privilege of
examining this rich material.
DrcnlxoprvcHA

OsrEN Sacrrx

Dicranoptycharogersi new species
Size large (wing over 10 mm.) I general eoloration light gray; legs
brownish black; wings with a strong brownish gray tinge; costal fringe
long ancl eonspicuous in both sexesl male hypopygium with the outer tlististyle relatively long and narrow, the outer margin serrulate.
Male.-Length
about 10 mm.; wing 11.2 mm.
Ferrale.-Length
about 11 mm.; wing 12 mm.
Antennae with
Rostrum tlark, sparsely pruinosel palpi brownish black.
the basal segment clark, sparsely pruinosel second segment light brown;
flagellar segments clark brown, decreasing in diameter outwarclly, the outer
segments more elongated. Heacl gray.
Pronotum light gray, T:ateral pretergitos restricteclly pale. Mesonotal
praeseutum elear light gray, the usual stripes pale brown, narrow and intlistinet, the intermediate pair nanowly separated, not reaching the suturel
pseutlosutural foveae elongate, blaek; humeral region very restricteclly pale;scutum clark gray, the scutellum ancl postnotum clarker. Pleura light gray,r Contribution from the Department of Entomology, Massachusetts Agricultural College, Amherst, Mass.

56

JouRNAr, NEw YoRK ENToMoLocrcAt

Socrprv[Yol' XXXVHalteres pale,indistinctly variegatecl with darkei longitudinal markings.
Legs with the eoxm grayl
the knobs, except at tips, weakly infuscateil.
trocha:rters obscure yellow, tlarker at tips; femora brownish black, theextreme bases a little paler; tibire ancl basitarsi tlark brown, their tips
blaekenecl; remainder of tarsi blaek, Wings with a strong brownish graytinge, tho costal antl stigmal regions somewhat darker; veins tlark brownI
macrotrichire tlark, the costal fringe relatively long antl couspieuous.
Venation: 8o, eucling shortly beyoncl the fork of Bs, 8c, near its tip;
as long as or.8s angulatecl- antl short-spurrecl at origin, approximately
as long as
than cell 7st M2; clistal seetion of -R, approximately":::::
clark. MaIe
dark brown, slightly pruiuose, the hypopygiumwith the outer tlististyle long ancl narrorvr graclually taperingto the blackenecl tip, the outer margiu of this apical spine weakly serrulate,
tho ventral or inner margin more nearly smooth; entire surface of style
except the ehitinizecl apex tlensely provitlecl with a short erect pubescence.

Abrlomen
hypopygiumi\(arch, 19271

Ar,rx.txorR: Cna.Np-Fr,rcs

ot

infuscaterl; troehanters obscure yellow; femora obscure yellow, soon pass'ing through brown or clark brown to brownish black; tibire and tarsi brown
Wings with a strong grayish tinge, the oval stigma
to bromish
black.
Venation:,Sc, encli:rg
slightly clarker brownlveins still clarker brown.
just before r'm, Sc, at its tip; Rs uearly straight to gently arcuated atoriginl r about one ancl one-half times its length beyonil the fork of E"r")m-ou at about one-third its length beyoncl the fork of M; anterior arculus
preservecl.
Abclomen clark brown, this color usually inclucling the hypopygium, insome cases the latter a little paler. Ovipositor with the tergal valveselongate, upcurvecl.

Ilabitat.-X'Iorida.
Holotype, 6, l\{arion Co.,April 13, 1926 (J. S. Rogers); Coll.
No. 5. AllotopotJpe, 9. Paratopotypes,5 I 9.
Dicranoptyclua rogersi,is named in honor of my friend, Professor J. SpeedRogers,who has done invaluable work in determining the exact seasonaland geographical range of the North
American Tipulidre. The speciesis very distinct from the otherten speciesin Eastern North America.

Habitat.-Southeastern Unitecl States.
Holotype, 6, l\{arion Co., April 4, 1926 (J. S. Rogers); ColI.
No. 1. Allotopotype, I . Paratopotypes,6 I 's; paratype, 6 ,Beltsville,Maryland, July 9, 1916 (W. L. McAtee).
The writer (Crane-flies of New York, Part I; Cornell Univ.
Agr. Expt. Sta. l\{em. 25:917; 1919) had eonsideredthe present
speciesto representP. contemptfo(Osten Sacken). An examination of Osten Saeken'stype of contempta,,however,showsthat
it pertains to the larger northern speciesthat was later describedby Alexander and Leonard,as P. nigri,pleura. The dark pleuralstripe is still perfectly evident on the type of contanxpta' P.
nigripleura therefore must be placed in the s)'nonymy of con'tem,Ttta,leavingthe southern speciesto be re-nameclas above.

Psnuoor,ruNoPHrlAAr,Pxexnnn

Goxouvre MntceN

Aetleagus largo.

Pseudolimnophila

australina

new species

Size small (wing, 6 , 4.5-5.5 mm.) I mesonotal praescutum gray with four
conspicuous brown stripesl pleura entirely clark colored, heavily pruinose;wings with a strong grayish tinge, the stigma tlarker i eell M, present.
4-4.5 mm.; wing 4.5-5.5 mm.
Male.-Length
about 6 mm.; wing 6-6.2 mm.
Female.-Length
Antenna blaek, moclerately elongatetl; flagellar
Rostrum antl- palpi black.
segments ( g ) gratlually tleereasing in tliameter outwartlly, elongate-oval to(9)
shorter.
antenr*with eonspicuous verticils;
elongate-cylintlrical,
Ilead gray.
Mesonotal praescutum gray with four eonspieuous brown stripes, the intermecliate pair not reaehing the suture; pseudosutural foveae shi:ry black;scutum brownish gray, the eenters of the lobes tlarker; postnotum tlark
tlarkenetl, gray pruinose. Halteres pale, thegray. Pleura uniformly
knobs ilark brown. Legs with the coxe yellowish testaceous, their bases

Somenotable additions to our knowledgeof the distribution of
the Nearctic speciesof GonomEiahave beenmade in recent yearri.
The then known facts in the clistribution of the genuswere indicated in a paper by the writer (Proc. Acad. Nat. Sci. Philadelphia, 1916:508-528;L916).
The cognatetla group
The chief characters for the separation of the speciesin thisgroup lie in the details of structure of the male hypopygiium,
especially the shape of the dististyles and gonapophyses. The
outer dististyle, especially, offers excellent characters. fn the
more specializedspecies(cognatel'Ia)this is a very elongatesinu-

March , 19271
58

JouRner, Nnlv Yonr XN'rouor,ocrcerrSocrETy

Ar,Exexnen: Cn-rNu-Fr-res[vol. xxxv

ous rod, that is somewhat shorter and more powerfully constructed in others (florens, armigero). The style is shortest, lessthan one-half the length of the longest airn of the inner dististylein the two new species described hereinafter. The inner dististyle is profoundly split into an elongate spine-tipped arm, ashorter pale arm that terminates in a few setiferous tubercles,
and a very short finger,-like lobe. In the review of the Nearctic
Gonomyire, above cited, the spinous arm of tliis style was considered as being the third appendage, the setigerous arm the first or
dorsal appendage (d). In the various species,the spinous arm isconstricted and bent strongly upon itself a short distanee beyoni
the base, appearing as an elongate, simple, more or less sinuousrod, bifid in kattsensis. The gonapophyses bear acute lateral orsubapical spines on the margin, in kansensis both spines occurring, the smaller lateral spine being directed eaudad toward alarger subapieal spine, the two enclosing an oval noteh. The
subapical spines are more slender and directed strongly cephalad(cognatell,a,tueninta) or dorsad into powerful chitinized spikes(fl,orens,armigera). The lateral spine is generally lacking but inr efl,era is conspicuously developed.
Gonomyia (Gonomyia) cognatella (Osten Sacken).
fowa: Powesshiek Co. ; Rogers No. 52.
Gonomyia (Gonomyia) florens Alexander.
This speeies had been eonsidered as being a northern form butwhat certainly appears to be the same has been taken as far south
as the lJpper Austral Region.
Ir,r-rNors: Anna, IJnion Co., June 73, 7922 ( C. P. Alexander).
fNprENl: Hensler's Woods, near Hanover, Jefferson Co., June
16, 1921 (Alexander and Rogers).
Gonomyia (Gonomyia) armigera Alexander.
Deseribed from Corydon, Ilarrison Co., Indiana.
fNrraNr.: Jefferson Co., July 22,792I (J. S. Rogers) ; No. 64.
Gonomyia (Gonomyia) spinifer Alexander.
Tnxr,s: Old ForJ Davis, Davis l\{ts., Jeff Davis Co., altitude
5,000 feet, November 75,1925 (O. C. Poling). Numer:ous specimens in the RoEers Collection.

Gonomyia (Gonomyia) kansensis Alexander.
A prairie speeies,originally described from Kansas.
ft,r,rNors: Muncie, Vermillion Co., June 10, 1919 (Alexander).
fnorLxa: Hensler's Woods, near l{anover, Jefferson Co., June
16, 1921 (Alexander and Rogers).
Gonomyia (Gonomyia) taeniata new species
Male.-Length
about 4--4.2 mm.; wing 4.5-4.8 mm.
Belongs to the cognatella gtottp, from the allierl members of lvhich it isclistinguished by the strueture of the male hypopl'gium.
Rostrum ancl palpi black. Antennre with the scape auil basal two segmeuts of flagellum yellou.; flagellar segments relatively elongate, clensely
clothed with a pale erect pubescence. Heail yellow with a conspicuous
dark brown spot on the vertex.
Mesonotal praescutum grayish brown, the humeral region and broatl
lateral margins buff1-; scutum obscure yellolv, the centers of the lobes
brownl median area of scutnm anil the scutellum n'ith a narrow brown linel
Pleurapostnotal mecliotergite 1'ellolr' with a tlark bron'n basal triangle.
with a silvery longituclilal stripe broad ancl couspicuous, narrowly marginecl
above ancl below by a narrow darker line; dorsal pleural region clusky
brorvnl sternopleurite pale, pruinose. Wings with a strong brorvnish yellow
tinge, the ill-clefinecl stigma darker; veins still darker brown. Venation: ,Sc,
ending opposite the origil of E,s, 8c, close to or sornervhat removed fromits tip; veins E. ancl .&" rathcr strongly tlivergent; cell ?nd M, about tlviee
as dee p as i ts peti oi e.
Ifale h1'popygium rvith tlre outel dististl'le small, pale, sinuous, approxim:r,tely one half the length of the longest alnt of the inner clististyle,graduallv n:rrrowecl to the slender tip, the margin of the style with about
five setr, arranged along its leirgth. Spinous arm of the inner tlististyle
very long and ribbon-like, at apex uarrowed into a small black spine;
setigerous arm of ilner ilististl'le approximately as long as the outerclististyle, rvith numerous seta along its stem, the termilal tubercles scat'
tered, Gonapophyses eompresserl, the subapical spines very conspicuous,
directerl strongl;' cephalad; no lateral spines present.

Habitat.-Southeastern United States.
Holotype, 6 , six miles south of Tifton, Tift Co., Georgia, June
1-,L923 (J. S. Rogers) ; Coll. No. 1. Paratopotypes, 2 6 6 , 1 9,with the type; paratype, 6 , Ha;'wood Co., North Carolina, August 3, 1924 (J. S. Rogers); Coll. No. 31.
reflexa new species
Gonomyia (Gonomyia)
a,bout 4 mm.; wing 4.6-5.2 mm.
Male.-Length
about 5 mm.; wing about 5 mm.
Female.-Length

60

JoulrNer, NEw YoB,n nNrouor,ocrcel

Socrnrytyot. xxxv

Belongs to the cognatella group, from the allied members of whieh it isclistinguished especially by the strueture of the male hypopygiumRostrum antl palpi dark brownish black.
Antenne with the basal segments yellow, the elongate outer segments br.o.rvuish blaek. Heacl yellow,
the eenter of the vertex with a dark brown spot.
Mesonota.l praescutum brown, without stripes, the scutellum somewhatbrighter eolored; postnotal merliotergite pale, with a tlarker triangle atbase, the surfaee pruinose. Pleura with the ventral silvery stripe broad.
Wings with a strong yellowish tinge, the oval stigma clarker, relatively illdelirnitecl; veins alirker.
Venation: Sc, encling opposite the origin of l?s,
84, shortly removecl from its tip, ,Sc, abbut one-half nx-cu; m.cu at the forkof M.
Abdominal tergites dark brown, the eaudal margins of the segments eonspicuously light yellow.
Male hypopygiumwith the outer dististyleashort, powerful ehitinizecl rocl, the stem very gently curvecl, at apex expanclecl ancl clireeted at right angles into a long straight point, the wholeapex suggesting the head a.ncl beak of a bircl; the tlisk of the heacl-like
portion is providecl with numerous setae; region of the crest with a simple
or weakly bifd spine; outer style less than one-half the length of thelongest (spinous) arm of the inner clististyle. Spinous arm of the innerclististyle broaclest at base, narrowetl very graclually to the acute blackenecl
apex; setigerous arm of style slencler, the tubereles at tip separatecl.
Gonapophyses appeariug as large compressecl blacles, the veutral margin
with a eurvecl lateral spine that is directed caudacl; no subapieal spine.
Aetleagus broadly dilated near micllength.

Ilabitat.-Michigan.
Holotype, 6, 'WarrenWoods,E. K. Warren Preserve,Berrion
Co.,July 77,7920 (J. S. Rogers); Coll. No. 169. Allotopotype,
9 , with the type; Coll. No. 68. Paratopotypes,6 6 9 , JuIy
4-77,7920(J. S. Rogers).
Gonomyia (Gonomyia) bidentata Alexander.
The known range of this specieshas been greatly extend.edas aresult of the last few years collecting:
WrscorvsrN:CascadeFalls, Osceola,Polk Co., July I3, 7925
(G.C. Crampton).
fNouNa: Clifty Ravine, JeffersonCo., June 75,792L (Anexander and Rogers); type-Iocality.
Nnw Yom: Ausable Chasm,August 1.5,7925 (G. C. Crampton) ; SaeandagaPark, Fulton Co., August 28, 7925 (Alexander) ; Masten's Woods, Gloversville,August 31, 1925 (AIexander).

March, 19271

Ar,sxaNonn: Cnern-Fr,rrs

61

VnnuoNr: Halifax Gorge,Windham Co., August 23-September 6,7925 (Alexander and Crampton).
Mlsslcnusorrs: 1\{t. Toby, Franklin Co., July 10, 1g23July
28, t925 (Alexander) ; Orient Springs, Hampshire Co., July 24,
1925 (Alexander).
MarNn: Mt. Desert, commonin arbor-vitae swampson wesTern
half of island, August 29-September72,7926 (C. P. and M. M.
Alexander).
The speciesis characteristic of gorges,ravines and.cool northern woods,from mid-July into September.
Gonomyia (Lipophleps) cinerea (Doa.ne).
Tnxas: Old Fort Davis, Davis Mts., Jeff Davis Co., altitude
5,000feet, November75,7925 (O. C. Poling) ; at light.
Gonomyia (Lipophleps) helophila Alexander.
Tnxr.s: As in the last species,November 1'1.-'1.5,
7925. This isa widely distributed Neotropieal specieswhich probably reaches
its northern limit at about this latitude.
OnnosraRoNnaNr
Ormosia brevicalcarata
nerv species
Alliecl to ad,irondacensis Alexancler I mesonotun reiltlish brorvn, the praeseutum with a darker mediatr line; wings subhyaline, the stigmal region
clarkerl veit 0nd, / slightly sinuousl male hypopygiun
with the projection
on the margin of the inner clististyle very smalll aecleagus relatively short,blaekened.
Male.-T,engtha.bout 3.4 mm. I rving 3.3 mm.
Female.-Length
about rl mm.; wing 4.3 mm.
Rostrum antl palpi dark brown. Anteunae ( d ) of moclerate length, if
beut backwarcl extencling about to the wing-rootl antennae brown, the basal
segments somewhat paler; flagellar segments with a dense ereet whito
pubescence, in addition to the usual verticils.
Head dark.
Thorax reddish brown, the rneilian region of the praescutum clarkerl
tuberculate pits placed in the clarkenecl areal postnotum slighily infuseated. Pleura pale reddish, with a vague gray area on the anepisternum
a.ncl the meron. Halteres pale, the knobs a little infuscated,
Legs withthe coxre ancl troehanters obscure yellow; remainder of legs brown, clensely
eoverecl with blaek setse, the femoral bases narrowly paler. Wings subhyaline, the stigmal region clar.ker'; veins clark brown. Venation: r about
its own length beyoncl the fork of fir*ri cell Jst M"open by the atrophy ofthe outer cleflection of M.; m-cu at the fork of M; vein ?nit A, wit}. tlrre

62

JouRNAr, NEw YoRK ENroMor,oclcar,

Socrstv, [vol. XXXVl(arch, 19271

ttistal thirrl or less sinuous, more so than it ad,irond,aaensds, the vein morenearly straight in the female.
much
Male hypopygium
Abdomen ilark brown, the hypopygium paler.
as in ail,irondacensis bu:t the thumb-like projection on the margin of thepoint, the region reinner rlististyle is here reducecl to a small triangularsembling the head of a short-beaketl bircl. Aetleagus relatively short, heav-I

ily blackened, the tip not expanttetl.

{

Habitat.-North Carolina.
Ilolotype, 6 , Crestmont, Ilaywood Co., altitude 1,700 feet,
JttIy 29, 1924 (J. S. Rogers); Coll. No. 17. Allotopotype, 9.
The allotype has been returned to ProfessorRogers.
Cnvpror,asrsOsrpN Sacrnx
Cry?tolabis (Cryptolabis) minutula new species
Size very small (wing, 6, 3.5-4 mm.); general eoloration gray, thelateral pretergites tlirty whitish; pleura inclistinetly variegatetl with paler;wings subhyalinel macrotrichiae of apical cells very sparse, appearing as aline near mirl-wictth of the cells; Bc short, ?s strongly eonvex; male hypopygium with the apex of the dististyle narrow, obtusely rountletl.
Male.-Length 2.5 mm.; wing 3.5-4 mm.
Fernale.-Length about 3 mm.; wing about 44.2 mm.
Heatl ancl palpi brownish black. Antennre brownish black throughout;flagellar segments oval, the segments tleereasing in length anrl cliameteroutwardly. Heacl clark brownish gray.
Pronotum clark brownish gray. Lateral pretergites tlirty whitish. Mesonotum gray, the praescutum with a broarl brownish meclian stripe; metlian
region of scutum more retlclish brown; meclian regioa of scutellum ancl
the anterior lateral angles of the postnotal mecliotergite paler. Pleura
brownish gray, variegated with paler on the sternopleurite a,nd on the
eephalic portions of the pleurotergite. Ilalteres pale, the knobs tlarker.
Legs with the coxre and troehanters palel femora and tibie brown, theirtips slightly darker I tarsi passing into tlark brown. Wings subhyaline,
the base narrowly more whitish; stigmal region barely cloutletl; veins alarkbrown. Macrotrichiae of eells of wing sparse, virtually restrictecl to asingle line along the center of the cell. Yenation: 8c relatively short, Bc,
entling shortly before or opposite mitllength of Es, Sc, far from its tip,
the portion of 8c, before the origin of -Rs approximately twice as long asthat se€tion beyontl this origin; 8s short, very strongly convex; basal section of Mr*, shortl m-au perpend\crlar to Cur.
Abrlomen brown, the genital segment paler. Male hypopygium with the
tlististyle slenrler, graclually nanowetl to the slencler, obtusely rounrletl
apex, the surface of the style with spare scattererl setre.

$

I

{

$

AlrxaNom:

Cneun-Fr,rns

63

Habitat.-Texas.
Ilolotype, 6, Old Fort Davis, Davis Mts., Jeff Davis Co., altitude 5,000 feet, at light, November 15, 1925 (O. C. Poling).
Aliotopotype, 9 . Paratopotypes,several 6 g in the Rogers Collection.
Crgptol,abisminutula is one of the interesting crane-fliesdiscovered in the Davis l\{ountains, Texas, by Mr. Poling. It is
most closely allied to C. b'isinuata Doane, of the northwestern
United States, differing in the smaller size and details of coloration and venation. The dististyle of the male hypopygium of C.
p&r&dor,&Osten Sackenis acutely pointed at apex, as correctly
shown by Osten Sacken (Mon. Dipt. N. Am.4: pI. 3, fig. 13;
1869).