Irotn lie Axru,rs anD Meoeznrc or Nnroner, IfrsroRy,
Sor. 10, vol. :rix. p. 329, Ma,rchlg37.

New or little-lcnownTipulid n (Diptera).-Lff . AustralasianSpecies. By Cnanr,EsP. Ar,nxeNDER,
Ph.D., F.R.E.S.,
MassachusettsState .College,Amherst, Massachusetts,
U.S.A.
Tnn new species of crane-flies herein described are allfrom various_ _parts_ of eastern Australia, including
Tasmania and Lord Howe rsland. They were derived
from a considerablevariety of sourcesthat a,reacknowlgdged herewith : material from New South Wales,
Victoria, and Tasmania, collected by Mr. F. Erasmus
Wilson, now preservedin the Wilson Collection; specimels preserved in thg Macleay Collection, Univeisityof Sydney, sent to me through the kindnessof Mr. Frani<
H. _Taylor, collected by the latter, Miss rrwin-Smith,and Mr. Plomley ; further specimens in the l{ational
Collection at Canberra, taken by Mr. Andrd L. Tonnoir ;one interesting-speciesin the DeutschesEntomologisches
Museum,sent through the frienclly interest of Dr. Walther
Horn ; a few additional species preserved in my own
series of these flies, collected by Miss Kathleen English
and !y ryrt.William Heron. I wish to expressmy deepest
thanks to all of the entomologistsmentioned above forthis continued aid in making known the Tipulidre ofAustralia.
Ischnotqrnafuscobasolis,sp. n.
Mesonotul prrelc_utum with lateral margins goldenyellow, the disk with four _consplcuous
dark biown stripes,
lng interspaces obscured; pleura clear light grb.yi
halteres dusky ; femora yellow, _the tips trurro*ty
blacliened; wings with a brownish tinge, variegateh,

330

Dr. C. P. Alexanderom

by obscurewhitish &reas,including the outer two-thirds
oi cell .Euand &crossouter ends of cells Cu and Ist A.
Iemale.-lsngth about 16 mm. ; wing 16'5 mm.
Frontal prolongation of head brown ; nasus very
long, approximately one-third the length of the P_rolo-ngation itseH; patpi dark brown. Antennre with the
Jcrpe and pedicel light brown, flagellum brownish black ;flagrellarsegmentsnearly simple, with_very inconspicuoys
veiticils. Head dark brown, the orbits very narrowly
and insensiblygrey.
Mesonotalprrescutumwith the lateral margins goldenyellow, the disk with four conspicuousdark brown stripes,
the interspacespale brown to yellowish brown ; scutum
and scutellum dark brown, the median region of former
obscure yellow pollinose; mediotergite gref, with abasal triangular area. Pleura clear light greY, the dorsopleural region infuscated. Halteres dyskl', the extreme
base of stem pale yellow. Legs with the cox& clear
light grey ; trochanters yellow ;_ femora obscureyellow,
tlie tips narrowly blackened; tibire light bro_wn,the tips
narrowly brownish black ; tarsi black. Wings witha brownish tinge, the outer radial field more conspicuously darkened; stigma pale brown, its prox.imalena somewhat darker ; whitish areas before stigma
in cellsC, Sc,and Rt ; acrossbasesof cells Lst M, andM a ; and with less evident pale areas in outer trvothilds of cell Ru, base of cell 2nd,,M r, and near outerends of cells Cu and lst A.
Abdominal tergites almost uniformly dark brown,
the lateral portions narrowly obscure yellow ; basal
segmentsnot reddish, &s in a,bnormalisand ot'her allied
species; sternites brownish yellow, the caudal marginsof the segmentsrestrictedly pale. Ovipositor u'ith thevalves slender.
Hab. Victoria.
Holotype, 9, bred from larva taken in mud at marginof permanent stream, mountains above Warburtotr,
altitude 3800 feet, emerged January 13, 1931 (F . E .
Wilson).
The nearest, ally of the present fly seems to be
Ischnotomaabnormalis Alexander, which differs in the
obscure orange or reddish basa.l abdominal segments
and the distinctive wing-pattern.

new or little-knnwn Tipulidrc.

331

Dolichopeza(Dolichopeza)albescerw,sp. n.
Allied to breuifurca ; general coloration very pale,
whitish, the prrescutum with three scarcely indicited
more reddish stripes ; wings relatively broad, palecream-yellow, the stigma and seams on anterior cord
and rn4u brown ; rn4u about its olvn length before
fork of M ; abdomen pale yellow ; male hypopygiumwith the outer dististyle pale throughout.
Male.-Length about l0 mm. ; wing 1l mm.
Frontal prolongation of head very pale yellow ; palpi
yellow. Antenna with the sca,pe and pedicel wtiitish
yellow, the flagellum pale brown. Head whitish.
Mesonotum whitish, the prrescutum with three slightly
more reddish stripes, the centres of the scutal lobes
similarly patterned ; posterior sclerites of mesonotum
whitish or testaceous. Pleura pale whitish yellow.
Halteres pale yellow, the bases of the knobs a tittle
darker. Legs with the coxre and trochanters whitish ;remainder of legs pale yellow, the outer tarsal segmentsa trifle darker. Wings relatively broad, pale creamyellow throughout, the stigna, a snrall cloud on anteriorcord, and a conspicuoussea,lnon ?n--urinfuscated ; veins
yellow to brownish yellorv, darker in the infuscatedareas. Venation : outer medial forks deeper thanin breuifurm ; rn<u about its own length before forkof M ; cell Znd,A rclatively wide.
Abdomen pale yellow, the outer sternites somewhat
darker, their caudal margins pale. Male hypopygium
somewhat as in breuifurca and fuscorad,ia,lis,especiallyin the nature of the toothing of t'he tergite. Outerdististyle pale throughout, the more basal tooth at near
mid-length, the smaller outer tooth placed far distad,being closer to the apex than the clistance betrveen the
two teeth ; a,pex of style beyond second tooth less than
one-half the basal portion proxirnad of basal or first
tooth.
Hab. New South Wales.
Hol,otype, 3, Sydney (Liidd^emann); I)eutsches EntomologischesMuseum.
Para,topotype,$.
The pale whitish or yellowish-white coloration of thepresent fly suggests Dolichopeza (Dolichopeza)palliiluln
Alexander, which is a quite distinct species. Despite its
22*

332

Dr. C. P. Alex andet on

coloration the present fly is most nearly allied toD. (D.) breaifurca Skuse and D. (D.) fuscoradi,alisAlexander, being readily told by the wing and bodycoloration and by the breadth of the wings. The palespots before and beyond the stigma are inevident in thepresent fly, due to the unifonnly pale colour of thewing-disk.
Dolichopeza(Dolichopeza)lcurand,ensi,s,sp. r.
Allied to dorcigen^sis; mesonotum and pleura darkbrown, the latter with a broad obliquepale stripe extending
from prrescutal humeri to posterior coxre; legs darkbrown, the genua, tips of all tibie, very narrow proximal
ends of basitarsi, broad tips of basitarsi, and remaining
tarsal segmentssnowy-white ; wings with cells C and Bc
distinctly infuscated ; wing-apex and seams on cord
narrowly but conspicuously darkened ; cell Znd A
reduced to a n&rrow strip ; male hypopygium withcaudal margin of tergite with four blackened, microscopically serrulate lobes ; outer dististyle short, darkcoloured.
Male.-Length about 7 mm. ; wing 7.6 mm.
Frontal prolongation of head white ; palpi dark brown,
the incisures sornewhat paler. Antennre with basal
two segmentsyellow, flagellum black ; flagellar segments
cylindrical, gradually decreasingin length outrvardly, thelast a tiny thimble-shaped structure ; verticils shorter(on proximal segments)to subequal to the segments.
Front and anterior vertex whitish ; remainder of headrich brown, the occipital region someu'hatpaler.
Pronotum dark brorvn. Mesonotumchieflydark brown,
the humeral region of prescutum obscure yellow ;prescutum with indications of darker stripes, includinga, med.ian line that is further split by a capillary palevitta. Pleura dark brown, with a broad oblique pale
stripe extending from the prrescutal humeri aeross theanepisternum,and ventral pteropleurite, on to the meral
region and posterior coxre. Halteres elongate, pale,knobs darkened. Legs with the fore and mid-coxa
darkened basally, the tips pale, posterior coxre chiefly
pale ; trochanters pale yellorv ; femora dark brown,
the bases paler, the extreme tips snowy-white ; tibire
brolvn, the basesvery na,rrowly, the tips broadly, white,npw or little-known Tipulide.

333

the amount of the latter least on fore and middle tibia,
becomingtwo or three times as extensive on the posterior
tibip, where approximately the outer fifth is pale ;basitarsi darkened, the extreme base white, the tips
conspicuously snowy-white, narrowest on fore tarsi,
widest on posterior tarsi where tho dark subbasal ringis only about twice as extensive as the white tibial apex ;remainder of tarsi snowy-white. Wings with a strong
brown tinge, cells C and Bc distinctly infuscated ; wingapex and margin of posterior border &s far back as tip
of Cu narrowly darkened ; stigma conspicuous, darkbrown ; cord narrowly but conspicuously darkened,
more broadly so on anterior cord ; veins dark brown.
Venation : anterior cord transverse to somewhatoblique,with .Bs lying opposite or slightly more distad than theother elements; cell znd L reducedto a linear strip.
Abdominal tergites dark brown ; sternites light yellow,
the incisures broadly dark brown ; hypopygium pale.
Ilfale hypopygium w'ith the caudal margin of tergite
crenate into four lorv lobes,the border heavily blackened
and microscopicallv serrulate; lateral ventral lobes
likewise heavily blackenedand serrulate. Outer dististyleunusually short, dusky in eolour, not exceeding twothirds the total length of the inner style, provided withlong coa,nrcsetre that are approximately one-half thelength of the style itself. Inner dististyle with theapical half narrowed into a long dark-coloured beak.
Hab. North Queensland.
Holotype, S, Kuranda, altitude about 1100 feet
(I H. Taylnr).
The nearest described ally of the present fly is undoubte dly D oli chop eza (D oli clwp eza)d,orri gensi s Alex ander(northern Nerv South Wales), which is the only other
Australian specieshaving cell znd A similarly long andnarrow. In the present, fly, the cell is even n&rrower
than in dorrigensis, and so marks the culmination, as
known, of this condition in the Australian fauna. The
wings of d,orrigensisare not or scarcely patterned, except
for the conspicuousstigma. Other speciesof Australian
Doliclwpeznhaving the leg-pattern of this genera,lnatureinclude the species that centre about annulipes Skuse
and oresitroplw Alexander,readily told by the conspicuous
bilobed setiferousphallosomo.

334

Dr. C. P. Alexanderon

Doliclwpeza(Dolicltopeza)segnis,sp. D.
Mesonotum dark brown ; pleura yellow, only the
anepisternum a little darkened, the sternopleurite ancl
meron clear yellow ; femoral t'ips narrowly dirty white ;tibire brownish black, the tips paling to dirty whit'e,on the posterior legs including about the distal thircl ;wings greyish, the small brown stigma conspicuous;
outer longitudinal veins and m,-cunot seamedwith brown.
Female.-Length about 9 mm. ; wing 7'5 mm.
Frontal prolongation of head yellow; palpi dark brown.
Antennre broken beyond the third segment,dark brown.
Front and anterior vertex light yellow ; remainder ofhead dark brown.
Mesonotum dark brown, the prrescutum with four
scarcely apparent darker brown stripes ; median areaof scutum, scutellum and mediot'ergite slightly moretestaceous-brown. Pleura yellow, including the sternopleurite and meron, only the anepisternum a little moredarkened; dorsopleural region infuscated. Haltereselongate, brownish black. Legs with the coxre andtrochanters liglrt yellow ; femora testaceous at base,passinginto brown, the tips of the femora very narrowly
and insensibly paling to dirty white ; tibire brownish
black, the tips narrowly and insensibly paler, mostconspicuouson the posterior tibire, where the entire
distal third fades from brown to clirty u'hite ; tarsiof all legs chiefly rvhite. Wings grevish, the brownstigma conspicuous,srnaller than in dnaidsoni; outerradial field only vaguely darkenecl; a very narrow dark
seam on anterior cord ; whitish areasbefore and beyond
stigma small but conspicuous; longitudinal veins beyond
cord, together with rn-c'u,, not seamed with brown,
as in dauiil,soni. Venation : elements of anterior cord,
including fis, in perfect transverse alignment ; inilnuidsoni, these are slightly oblique, with cell R5 l5'ing
a little more distad i Re decurved outwardly, paralleling
Rn*uthroughout its length ; rn-cu nearly its o\\'n length
before fork of M ; cell 2nil A a little rvider than in
dauidsoni,vein znd,A lyng opposite mid-length of basal
sectionof Cur.
Abdominal tergites almost uniformly browtrish black,the lateral portions of the outer segmentspaler ; sternites

newor little-knownTiPulidm.

335

dark, the caudal margins of the outer segments conspicuouslypaler.
Hob. New South Wales.
Holotype, 9, Dorrigo, eastern Dorrigo, altitude about
2000feet, Febmary L2, 1933(W. Heran).
The nearest described ally of the present fly is unoni ^Llexander,
doubte dly D olichopeza (Dotichop eza)- ilaai_ils
which differs in the conspicuously darkened sternopleurite and meral region, the abruptly whitened tipY
6f tn" femora and tibire, and in the heavily patternedouter cells of the wing. Other small species of thegenus, as D. (D .) ilorrTgensisAlexander and_ D. .(D )turand,ens'i,s,sp. If.., are readily told from all -rygio-na.l
forms by the ,itosou,lly long and very narTow cell znd,Aof the wings.
Limonia (Libnotas)plomleyi, sp. n.
Belongs to the nota,tagroup ; general coloration darkbrownisf, grey ; thoracic pleura almost' uniformly
d.arkened,ti'eu,rritypruinose; halteres black ; fore femora-blackened,
rniddle and hind femora
almost uniformly
dark brown with the tips broadly and conspicuously
blackened; wings with a restricted pale brown patternthat is confinea to the vicinity of the veins ; free tipof ,Sc, and Rz in transverse alignment, ; abdomen darkbrowri, tp"ttuiy pruinose ; cerci at tips strorrgly bifid.
FemntZ.-Length about 13 mm. ; wing 1? P*'
Rostrum and.-palpi black. Antennre with scape andpedicel dark biown, flagellum paler - brown. Headbrownish grey ; anterior vertex reduced to u narrow
strip.
pionotum brownish black. Mesonotalprascutum darkbrownish gref, vaguelv marked _rvith somewhat darker
brown, *o"rt evident ai lateral and posterior intermediate
stripes, the latter produced behind into n&rrow Pg1ts
that almost reach the suture ; scutum pale medially,
the lobes variegated u'ith somewhat darker brown ;pale, the parascutella darker ; medioscutellum chiefly-pi,le,darker laterally. Pleura almost
tergite chiefly
unfrormly dark- brownish grgy, the mesepisternum,
pteropteurite, and pleurotergite uniformly darkened,
iruir^ose. Halteres 6lackened thro-ughout. -!ug* Tthine coxre darkened ; trochanters obscure yellow ; fore

336

Dr. C. P. Alexandet on

femora ahnost uniformly blackened, only the bases
narrowly paler ; middle and posterior femora dark brown,
the tips broadly and conspicuously blackened, theamount subequal on both pairs ; tibia brown, the tips
narrowly blackened,the basesmore narrowly and vaguely
so ; tarsi brown, passinginto black. Wings with a weakbrown tinge, restrictedly patterned with pale brown
clouds, including vague are&sat origin of frs ; along cordand outer end of cell Lst M r; tip of Bc, ; free tip of Bc,
and Rz i and as vague seamsat outer ends of veins .Ba15,
M o, Cu1, Ist A, and znd, A; veins brownish yellow,
darker in the clouded areas; prearcular region blackened.
Venation : free tip of 8c, and ft, h transverse alignment ;rn<u at between one-fourth and one-fifth the lengthof the lower face of cell lst M r.
Abdomen dark brown, sparsely pruinose ; cerci
brownish black basally, strongly bifid at tips.
Hab. New South Wales.
Holotype, 9, Barrington Tops, January 10, 1934
(N. J. B. Plontl*y).
I take great pleasure in naming this fly in honour ofthe collector, Mr. N. J. B. Plomley. The nearest described ally is Limonia (Libnotes) cli,nton,i Alexander(north-eastern Papua), which differs especiall.y in thecoloration of the thoracic notum and pleura and in theyellow antennal flagellum. Both species differ conspicuously from other members of the notata, complex
of forms by the black fore femora.
Limonia (Geranom'yia)deleta,sp. n.
Allied to austrupicta; ro,strum short ; mesonotum
reddish brown, the prescutum with three darker brown
stripes ; pleura uniformly brownish yellow ; wings
greyish with a, scarcely evident pattern ; ,Sc ending
just beyond one-fourth the length of .Es; m-cu its o\I'nlength before the fork of M ; male hypopygium u-ith
long rostral spines,arising from the summit of a common
blackened tubercle ; mesal-apical lobe of gonapophysissmooth.
Male.-Length, excluding rostrum, about 5 mm. ;wing 6 mm. ; rostrum 1'6 mm.

new or li,ttle-krmtrnTipulidre.

337

Rostrum dark brown throughout, relatively short andstout. Antennre dark throughout ; flagellar segments
oval, with long verticils. Head dark, the anteriorvertex more silvery.
Pronotum grey. Mesonotalprreseutumreddish brown,
grey pruinose, with three slightly darker brown stripes,
the median one subobsoletein front ; posterior sclerites
of mesonotum reddish, the centres of the scutal lobes
darkened ; a median dark vitta on seutum and scutellum ;mediotergite pale, with indications of a capillary dark
vitta. Pleura uniformly brownish yellow, without darkening. Halteres pale, it u knobs f,arkened. Legs withthe coxre and trochanters obscure yellow ; remainderof legs yellowish browr, the outer tarsal segmentsdarker.
Wings with a greyish tinge, the stigma and a circular
cloud at, origin of ,Es very slightly darker ; remainderof cord, outer end of cell LstM 2,and wing-tip not darkened;veins brown. Venation : ,Sc short, Sr, ending justbeyond one-fourth the length of l?s, ,Sc,af its tip ; rn<uits own length before the fork of M ; vein 2nd.4 strongly
sinuous at mid-length.
Abdominal tergites brownish black, the sternites
paler. Male hypopygium with the ventral dististyle
relatively small, fleshy, the two long straight rostralspines equal in length, but the inner appearing slightly
shorter because of arising slightly lower down on theface of the common basal tubercle ; in slide mounts,
the spines reach to opposite the summit, of the small
fleshy style. Gonapophyses with mesal-apical lobe
darkened,with smooth margins.
Hab. New South Wales.
Holotype,3, Tallong, altitude 2013 feet, October 1931
(F. H. Taylor).
The unique type is apparently somewhat teneral,but since t[e bod!-colours-are dislinct it would appear
that the wing-pattern, if normally present, would beindicated. The nearly immaculatewings contrastnotably
with the condition found in Limonia (Geranarnyia)
austropi,ctaAlexander (picta, Skuse, preoccupied). The
details of the male hypopygium, as the small fleshy
ventral dististyle and the smooth margins of the gonapophyses,furnish other distinctions.

338

Dr. C. P. Alexanderon,
Limonia (Geranarnyia)conjuroto,,sp. n.

Size very large (wing, 3, 9.5 mm.) ; general colorationof thorax black, the prrcscutum and dorsal pleura withfour linear velvety-black dashes; femor& brown, thetips narrowly blackened; wings with a strong browntinge, variegated by a seriesof about four darker brown
subcostal areas; Bc relatively short, 8r, ending shortly
beyond the origin of 8s ; basal section-of Bc, lacking-;
free tip of ,Str,lyrng far beforc R, so 8, is unusuatly long,
only a little shorter than Rr*r; male hypopygium withthe lateral lobes of tergite produced into spinous points ;a single long rostral spine on ventral dististyle.
Male.-Length, excluding rostrum, about 8 mm. ;wing 9.5 mm. ; rostrum about 3 mm.
Rostrum relatively short, only a little longer than
the antenne, light brown ; labial palpi short ; rnaxillary
palpi apparently 3-segmented. Antennre black throughout ; flagellar segments oval, strongly constricted atbottr ends, giving a bead-like appear&nceto the organ ;verticils coarse,longer than the segments. Head darkgrey ; anterior vertex narrower than diameter of the
sc&pe.
Pronotum and mesonotum dull black ; mesonotal
prascutum with humeral and lateral portions paler,more buffy, the lateral borders of the prrescutal disk
velvety-black ; extreme lateral border of the sclerite
before the suture similarly lined rvith velvety-black ;median region of scutum scarcely brightened; mediotergite sparselypruinose. Pleura dark plumbeousbrown,
the dorso-pleuralrnembranemore buffy, with two linear
velvety-black streaks lying just ventrad of the twoon the prescutum. Halteres dusky, the base of stem
restrictedly pale. Legs with the coxa dark ; trochantersobscure yellow ; femora brown, the tips narrowly
blackened, the amount subequal on all legs ; tibire
and tarsi black. Wings (fig. 1) with a strong browntinge, the interspacesof cell Bc more yellowish ; a seriesof about four darker subcostalareas,the first just beyond
arculus, the second at the supernumerary cross-veinin cell Sc, the thfud ab origin of Bs, the fourth, paler
and ill-defined, at free tip of Sr, ; cord and outer end ofcell Isf M z narrowly and very insensibly seanreclwith

neu or littl,e-knownTipulidre.

339

darker ; veins dark. Venation : Bc relatively short,
Sr,- ending shortly beyond origin of 8s ; basal sectionof vein Sr, lacking ; a supernumera,ry cross-vein incell Sc at, near mid-length of the vein ; free tip of ,Sc,lyiog far before Rr, so vein nr is unusually long, no!
much shorter than Rr*, or Rs-; rn-cu shortly beyond
fcrrk of M.
Abdominal tergites black, the caudal borders of theintermediate segments obscurely paler ; subterminal

Fig. 2.

(Geranomyia) coniurato, sp. n. ; t'enation.
Fig. l.-Linronia
F'ig. 3.-The samo ; male hypopygium.
(Symbols : o, redeagus; b, basistyle i dd, dorsal dististyle ;g, gonapophl'sis ; l, 9th tergite ; ud, ventral dististyle.)

segments uniformly black ; sternites brown ; hypopygium brorvnish black. Male hypopygium (fig. 2)
with the caudal margin of the tergite, 9t, with a, deep
U-shaped emargination, the lateral lobes produced into
aeute spinous points. Dorsal dististyle, dd, a, gently
curved black rod, the tip acute. Ventral dististyle,ad, deeply bilobed, the mesal lobe nearly equal in size
to the outer lobe, the dorsal dististyle ly*g in the notch ;rostral prolongation strong and powerful, shortly beyond

340

Di. C. P. Alex andeton

mid-length bearing a single long spine that is about oneIrulf longer than the prolongation beyond the point of its
insertion ; rostral lpine sessileor arising from a scarcely
evident basal tubercle. Gonapophyses, g, with th;
mesal-apical lobe straight, its outei edge with a few
microscopic denticles.
Hab. New South Wales.
_ Holotype, d, Barrington Tops, altitude b000 feet,
January 10, 1934(N. J. B. Plomtey).
Limonia (Geranomyia)conjuratn is very different, fromall other regional species of the subg-enus. rn somelelpect*_it_suggestsL. (G.) salca,guchii(Alexander) of the
Riukiu rslands, but is only distantly allied. The great
sizo and structure of the male hypopygium readily
separate the species from all other Austrafian membersof the subgenus.
Limonia (Dicranomyia) muta, sp. n.
General coloration dark brown ; antennreblack throughout ; rostrum relatively elongate ; sides of mesonotalpr€scutum obscure yellow ; halteres dark brown ; thebase of stem narrowly yellow ; wings tinged with brown,
the stigma darker ; male hypopygium with the rostralspings widely separated, the outermost placed at near
mid-length of the prolongation, the inner on side of baseof the rostrum.
Male.-Length about S-5.5 mm. ; wing b.8-G.6mm.
Rostrum pendant, relatively elongate, fully one-halfthe remainder of head, dark brown ; palpi brownish
black. Antennre black throughout ; flagellar segments
oval, the outer segmentsmore elongate. Head yellowish
brown to dark brown.
Mesonotal prescutum obscure yellow laterally,-of thedisk dark brown or black, the posterior sclerites
thenotum brownish black ; thor&x relatively gibbous.
Pleura brownish testaeeous to dark brown. Halteresdark brown, the base of stem narrowly yellow. Legs
with the cox& and trochanters brownish testaceouJ;
remainder of legs yellowish brown to brown, the tarsi
still darker. Wings tinged with brown, the stigma
darker brown ; _very narrow and scarcelyevident clouclings
along cord and outer end of cell lsl M z i veins brown.
Venation : Br, ending a, short distance before origin

new or little-knnwnTipulida.

341

of Rs, Sr, alone from one-half to two-thirds Bs ; 8s
relatively short, arcuated, a, little longer than the basal
sectionof Rnau; rn-cu closeto fork of M.
Abdominal tergites dark brown, the sternites more
obscure yellow. Male hypopygium with the caudal
margin of tergite deeply notched, the conformation of
the incision being almost,exactly like that of the lobes.
Dorsal dististyle relatively slender,curved, the tip obtuse.
Ventral dististyle with the rostral prolongation long andslender,with two very widely separatedspines,the distance
between the two approximately three-fourths the lengthof a singlespine ; outer spineplacedat or near mid-lengthof the prolongation, the inner one on the side of the baseof the rostrum ; spinesnot arising from basal tubercles.
Gonapophyseswith mesal-apical lobe slender, smooth,
gently eurved.
Hab. Victoria.
Holotype, 6, Belgrave, in tree-fern gullY, March 31,
1929(F. E. Wilson).
Paratopotype,6, paratype, d, Maeedon, in tree-fern
gully,March 24, 1929(F. E. Wilson).
The widely separatedspinesof the rostral prolongationof the male hypopygium, in conjunction with theinfumed wings, readily separate the present fly fromother regional allies.
Lirnonia (Dicranomyia)sarem&rina,sp. n.
General coloration dark brorn-n; rostrum a littloexceeding the remainder of head ; antennre black
throughout ; rvingsstrongll- tinged u-ith blackish,stigma
lacking ; Sc short ; cell lsf M z open by the atrophyof m ; male hypopl'gium u-ith the ventral dististylefleshy,the rostral prolongationbispinous.
Male.-Length about 4'5 mm. ; wing 5'5 mm.
Rostrum bronrt, relatively elongate,a little exceeding
the remainder of head ; palpi dark brown. Antennre
black throughout ; flagellar segmentsoval. Head darkbrown ; anterior vertex of moderate width, subequal
to the diameter of the scape.
Mesonotum almost, uniformly dark brown, the prescutum and scutum somewhat paler near the suture ;prescutum gibbous. Pleura brown. Halteres brownish
blach throughout. Legs with the cox& and trochanters

3;42Dr, C. P. Alexandetonbrown ; remainder of legs p{er yellowish brown. Wings
strongly tinged_with blackish ; stigma indistinct ; veifis
a little darker than the ground-golJur. Alrnost complete
series of macrotrichia on veins beyond. cord.. Venatlon :^!c short, Br, ending some dishnle before origin of -Bs,
,scua little shorter than; free tip of Bc, an"d,13,botli{g,p-ale and in transverse alifrrment ; cell tsi M, oprn bt
the. atrophy of rn ; celr I)! subequal in tengtt, to itu
petiole ; rn<u at, fork of fur,subequal to dist-al sectionof Cur; cell znd,l. wide.
Abdominal tergiteb brownish black ; sternites a little
paler. Male typopygium with the tergite relativelyl:rq, narrowed outwardly, the apex shallo*"ly emarginat6.
Basistyle with the ventro-mesal lobe low, conspici,ousl"l,setiferous. Dorsal dististyle a, strongly curved sclerotized rod, the distal fourth more narrowed. ventral
dististyle fleqh-y; roglral prolongation very slender,
at' its base with two black spines,-the more basal froma low tubercle, the outer spine
nearly sessile. Gorapophyseg with mesal-apical lobe slender, the *urg^imsmooth.
Hob. Lord Howe fshnd.
_ Hol,otype,6, North Puy, on rock by
v the sea-shorc,
X'ebruary11, 1934(V. Irwin-Smith).
r am indebted to Miss rrwin-smith for the privilegeof retaining the type-specimen.
Limonia (Dicranarnyia,) sarem,cnrinais reaclilv tolcl
from all other Australasian members of the *rit g"rro,b_ythe coloration and venation of the *-ings, "rp"iiu,uy
the open cell lst M r.
Austrolimnophile irwin-smitha, sp. n.
General coloration grey, the prrescutum with threedark brown st_ripes,the median one broad.est; antennal
fla,gellum black ; femora obscure brownish yellow, thetips narrowly_ infuscated ; wings yellowish, *itt, rather
numerous pale brown spots thab are confined to thevicinity of the veins i Rz+g+_e
to thelubequal in length\
basalsection_of.Bui Rz+aand8, subequal.
Femnle.-Length aboat 7.b-8 mm. ; wingz.b-g mm.
-Antennre
Rostrum grey ; palpi brownish black.
with
sca,peg.reyi pedicel reddis! brown ; flagellunr
llu black ; flagellar segments oval, the terminal selment

new or little-krnwn Tipulidre.

343

a little longer than the penultimate. Head brownish,
the anterioi vertex light grey ; a narrow dark brownline on posterior vertex.
Pronotum grey. Mesonotal prescutum grel, lrith
three dark brown stripes, the median one broadest ;pseudosuturalfovere reduced; median region of scutum
gt"y, the lobes extensively dark brown ; scutellum
obs-cute yellow, the para,scutella dark ; mediotergite
dark brown ; pleurotergite darkened, paler along theposterior border. Pleura chiefly pale, the aneprsternum
and dorsal sternopleurite more pruinose ; ventral sternopleurite darkened. Halteres chiefly pale yellow, theknobs weakly darkened. Legs with the cox& reddish,sparsely pruinose ; trochanters reddish yellow ; femora
obscure Erownish yellow, the tips narrowly infuscated;tibire and tarsi yellowish brown, the outer segmentsof the latter a little darker. Wings yellowish, with rather
numeroussmall pale brown spots, distributed as follows :arculus; origin of .Bs; 9cz; stigma ; tips of all lg"gitudinal veins excepting Rd ; forks of 8r*r*n and M 6z )cord and outer end of cell lst M r; a darkened cubital
seam; veins brown, darker in the clouded areas.
Venation : Sr, and Sc, subequal; R'*y*n subequ-al
to basal section of ,Buor r-n1,i Rz+t and Rs subequal;
nx4u more than one-halfits length beyonclfork of M.
Abdomen dark, the caudal urargin of tergites narrowly
reddish, of the sternitesulore broadly so.
Hah. Tasmania.
Holotype, ?, Mount Wellington, bred from larva
collectedFebruary 13, L92L; pupatedMarch 8-10, L92L;
emerged,March 18, l92l (V. Irwin-Smith); collector's
no. Q 3.
Paratopotypas,2 damaged ??, emerged March 15
and 18, L92L, one with the cast pupal skin ; colleetor's
nos.Q2and4.
Typ" in the UniversitY of SYdneYCollection,throughMiss Irwin-Smith.
I take great pleasure in naming this vgry distinct
crane-fly in honour of the collector, Miss Vera IrwinSmith, who has done such excellentwork on the biologyof the Australian Diptera. The speciesis readily told
fi.om all other Australian and Tasmanianmembersof thegenus by the small size and pattern and venation of the344

Dr. C. P. Alexandet onwings. The most similar form in Tasmania is the large
and conspicuousAustrolimnophilfrrelicta Alexander. The
present fly is more generally similar to certain small
Chilean and New Zealandspecies,&s A. hazela ,llexander
and A. trunm,ta,(Alexander). fn addition to the bred
adults describedabove Miss frwin-Smith sent me & small
lot of preserved larvp and pupe that will be describedby later students of the immature stagesof these flies.
Gynoplistia (Paralimnophil") englishu, sp. n.
Size small (wing, 6,. 7-8 mm.) ; antennre of malevery long, exceeding one-half the length of body, with
twelve or thirteen long branches; flagellum bicolorous;
mesonotal prrescutum and pleura lined with black ;legs with genua n& Towly whitened ; tarsi chiefly snowywhite ; wings crea,my, with a heavy brown pattern ;rn-cu from one-third to one-fifth its length beyond thefork of M ; abdominal tergites brown, the caudal bordersof the segmentsrather broadly blackened.
Male.-Length 9-10 mm. ; wing 7-8 mm. ; antenna
about 5.5 mm.
Rostrum dark brown ; palpi somewhat paler brown.
Antennre (d) elongate, exceeding one-half the lengthof the body, with tb or 16 segments,the formula being
2+12+l or 2+13+ 1 ; scapeand pedicel pale yellow ;flagellar segments bicolorous, black, the apical portion
adjoining the origin of the branch pale yellorv, clearest,and most conspicuous on the basal and interrnediate
segrnents,becoming more restricted and obseure on theouter segments; flagellar branches long, the longest(about mid-length of the organ) exceeding one-fourth
the length of the antenna or nearly four times the lengthof the segment; segments unusually long, widely
separating the branches; pubescenceof branches pale,conspicuous. Head brownish grey, the centre of thevertex darkened.
Mesonotal prescutum buffy-grcy, narrowly lined rvith
dark brown or brownish black, including three intermediate stripes, the median one longer and more distinct
than the laterals ; anterior and lateral portions of thelateral prrcscutal stripes bordered by blackish, the markconfluent with the lateral intermediate stripes ; pseudosutural fovere pale ; posterior sclerites of mesonotum

neu or little-known Tipulidre.

3+5

pale, with a broken median brown line ; scutal lobes
and posterior border of mediotergite variogated by darker.
Pleura pale, sparsely grey pruinose, with a relatively
broad black longitudinal stripe extending from theventral cervical sclerites to the mediotergite ; dorsopleural region yellow. Halteres dusky, the knobs
brownish black. Legs with the coxre and trochanters
yellow ; femora brownish yellow, becoming d.arker
outwardly, deepening to a subterminal dark brown ring,
the extreme tips pale ; tibire dark brown, the bases
narTowly white, subequal in degree to the femoral tips ;tips of tibire very narrowly pale ; tarsi snowy-white,fore and middle basitarsi with about the proximal half
blackened, the posterior pair entirely white. Wings
with the ground-colour cnoa,my,chiefly obscuredby brownsuffusions,best indicated in the radial and outer medial
fields ; cells C and Sc infuscated ; stigma dark brown ;a dark cloud in cell R ut about one-third the length ofcell ; smaller clouds ab outer ends of veins na and Rs i
most longitudinal veins narrowly seamed with darker,
in the outer medial field more or less broken into dots ;a large dark cloud at origin of frs, enelosinga pale central
spot immediately beyond this origin ; an incomplete
ocelliform area near the outer end of 8s ; veins dark.
Venation : rn4u from one-third to one-fifth its length
beyond the fork of M.
Abdominal tergites brown, the caudal borders of thesegments rather broadly blackened; sternites clear
yellou' with dark posterior borders ; hypopygium chiefly
darkened. llale hypopl'gium rvith the gona,pophyses
appearing as pale blatles. the apex of eaeh produced
laterad into a small aeute Point.
Hab. New South Wales.
Crossing.Ya^*s,November25,
Holntype,6, Buckma^ster's1933(K. English).
2 63, November 22, 1933.
Pa,ratopotype's,
I dedicate this very distinct crane-fly to the eolleetor,
Miss Kathleen English, to rvhom I a,m particularly
indebted for much interestittg material from the vicinityof Yass. Among the described species,t'he fly is mostsimilar to Gynoplistia (Paralimnophiln) leu'cophaata(Skuse), from which it is readily told by the bicolorous
antennre, rving-pattern, and details of venation. The

346

Dr. C. P. Alexanderon

latter speciesis still known only from the type-specimens,
taken by Skusein the near vicinity of Sydney. Building
operations in recent years have destroyed the typestations for leu,cophaata. The specieshas l7-segmented
antenna, not lG-segmentedas intimated by Skuse, withthe flagellum uniformly dark brown.
Gynoplistia (Paralimnophiln) gracilirama, sp. n.
Generalcoloration grey, the prascutum with four brown
stripes ; antenn& (d) l4-segmented, with nine long
branches; femora obscure yellow, the tips broadly
and abruptly blackened; posterior tarsi extensively
yellow ; wings whitish, spotted and washed with dark
and pale brown ; male hypopygium with the a,pex
of tergite convexly rounded.; gonapophyses appearing
as narrow yellow blades, the tips extended into slender
points.
lVIale.-Length about 9 mm. ; wing 8'2 mm. ; antenna
about 4'2 mm.
Rostrum light grey ; pelpi black. Antennre (d)black, thel4-segmented,the formula being 2+9+3;
scape pruinose, the incisures of the basal tv'o flagellar
segments obscure yellow ; flagellar branches long andslender, the longest (about flagellar segment five) onefourth the length of the entire organ ; last branch a trifle
longer than the penultimate segment; penultimate
segmentabout one-half longer than the terrninal. Headgrey, the region of the vertical tubercle a little darker.
Mesonotum light grey, the prrescutum u'ith fourbrown stripes. the intermediate pair narro\r', sepa,rated
by a ground line of approximately one-half their own
width ; pseudosuturalfovere black, conspicuous; scutal
lobes variegated u'ith two brown a,reas. Pleura lightgre/, with two more blackish-grey longitudinal stripes,
the more dorsal one longer, extending from the cervieal
region to beneath the wing-root ; ventral pleural stripe
darkened. Halteres obseure yellow, the knobs black.
Legs with the coxre pale brown, pruinose; fenrora
obscureyellow, the tips broadly and abruptlv blackened;tibire yellow, the basesnarrowly, the tips lnore broadly,
blackened; mid-tarsi black ; fore tarsi blaek rvith thebasitarsi a littlc paler ; posterior tat'si n'itlr tlrcrploxirrralnewor little-knownTipulidre.

347

two segmentsyellow, narrowly tipped with black, theremaining segments black. Wings with the groundwhitish, heavily spotted and washedwith dark and paler
brown ; cells C and Sc, together with the prearcularregion, light yellow ; two major dark &reasin the subcostal field, not involving cell C, the first at mid-distance
between arculus and origin of .Es,the second,larger andquadrate in outline, &t origin of -Ee,not reaching vein M
behind ; small and inconspicuousbrown &re&sat arculus
and Scr; stigmal area large, confluent with a broad
seam along cord ; a dark area at outer end of vein Rs ,slightly paler brown clouds at' outer end of cell lsf M z
and fork of M 6z i paler greyish-brown washesin apicalcells,in cells M to znd A, inclusive, and &s a conspicuous
seam along the outer end of vein M ; veins pale brown,darker in the clouded areas,more yellowish in the interspacesof anterior haH. Venation : cell Mrabout one-halflonger than its petiole ; rn-cu not far beyond the forkof M.
Abdominal tergites brownish grey, the margins of thesegments darker brown ; sternites obscure yellow,
narrowly bordered by dark brown. Male hypopygiumwith the apex of tergite gently convex, not truncated&s common in the subgenus. Apex of inner dististyle
simple. What a,ppearsto be the anal tube lies beneaththe tergite, its a,pox conspicuouslyemarginate. Gonapophyses appearing as slender glabrous yellow blades,
the tips prolongedinto long, spear-likepoints.
Hab. Tasmania.
Holotype, J, National Park, January 1l-15, 1933
(F. E. lVilson).
The only other Paralimnophila rvith fourteen antennal
segmentsin the rnale sex, rvith the flagellum bearing
nine long branches,is Gynoplistia(Paralimnophila)shewani
Alexander of northern New South Wales. The latteris readily told by the pattern of the legs,having the genua
pale, and the tarsi chiefly whitened.
Gynnptistia(Paro,timnophiln)pectinella, sp.n.
General coloration Brey, the prrescutum witb threedark brown stripes ; antenn& I3-segmented,with sevenbranched segments, the branehes unusually short ;318

Dr. C. P. Alexanderon

femora black, the bases yellow ; tarsi black ; wings
whitish, heavily patterned with brown ; male hypopygiumwith the gona,pophysesdensely covered with yellowish
spinesor spinoussetre.
Male.-Length about 8'5 mm. ; wing 8'2 mm. ; antenna
about 1'6 mm.
Rostrum grey ; palpi brownish black. Antennresmall,l3-segmented, the formula being 2+7 *a ; branches
unusually short for the male sex in this subgenus,thelongest (flagellar segment four) about a fifth longer
than the segment itself ; branch of the seventh flagellar
segmentmerely protuberant ; penultimate segmentsmalland subglobular, possibly abnormal in the unique t;rye.
Head dark grey, the centre of vertex somewhat morebrownish ; vertical tubercle faintly apparent.
Pronotum brownish grey. MesonotalprrescutumgreY,
with three dark brown stripes, the laterals slightly more
intense; posterior interspaces a little suffused withbrown ; pseudosutural fovea large, black ; posteriorsclerites of notum grey, the scutal lobes variegatedwith dark brown ; mediotergite somewhat darker laterally. Pleura light grey, with u blackish longitudinal
stripe acrossthe dorsal anepisternum and pteropleurite ;ventral sternopleurite somewhat darkened but pruinose.
Halteres yellow, the knobs brownish black. Legs withthe cox& and trochanters light yellow ; femora black,the basesyellow, the amount, subequal on all legs andincluding about the proximal fourth or fifth ; fore andmiddle tibire and tarsi black ; posterior tibia and basitarsi obscure brorvnish vellou', narrou'ly tipped withbrorvn ; remainderof tarsi black. Wings with the groundcolour whitish, heavily patterned rn'ith brown ; prearcular region clear light yellow ; cells C and Bc brown ;the dark pattern appeers chiefly as three more or lessinterrupted brown bands, the first at the level of originof Rs, the second at cord, the third at wing-tip ; anextensive wash in cells fuI and Cu, connecting the firsttwo dark bands along vein M ; a quadrate area in cell ^E
at near mid-distance between arculus and origin of .Es;
the darkened apical band variegated by pale spots nearouter end of cell 8u and in base of cell M, i somewhat
darker brown are&sat tip of vein .8, and fork of M pz ieentre of cell lef Mz pale ; brown wa,shesin outer ends

new or little-knoumTipulidre.

349

of cellsM n, Cu, LstA, and 2nd,A ; axillary region slightly
darkened ; veins yellow, darker in the clouded a,re&s,
the prearcular veins brighter yellow ; bullate area,son .Euon both sides of r-'m, basal section of M ..1.2,
basal
sect'ion of M r, and across rn-c'u,. Venation : cell M L
aborrt one-third longer than its petiole ; r4n reduced;
rn-cu more than one-third its length beyond the forkof M.
Abdomen dark brown, more or less pruinose. Malo
hypopygium with the inner dististyle very shallowly
emarginate at, a,pex. Gonapohysesappearing a,sslightly
divergent yellow blades, the tips weakly bidentate, thesurface with abundant appressedyellow spines, arranged
in more or less distinct longitudinal rows or crests.
Hab. Tasmania.
Hol,otyp€,6, National Park, January 1933(F. E.Wilson).
Gynoplisti,a (Paralimnophila) pectinella is readily told
from all regional allies by the unusually reduced numberof antennal segmentsand the shortness of the flagellar
branches,the extensively blackened legs, the distinctly
banded wing-pattern and the structure of the gonepophyses of the male hypopygium. The most similar
described species is G. (P.) d,ecinctaAlexander, whichis in all regards a very distinct fly.
Gymnastes(Paragymnastes)fuluogenualis, sp. tr.
Mesonotal prescutum yellow, with three eonfluent
blue-black stripes ; pleura yellow, the mesepimeron
with a sparse rvhitish bloom ; femora and tibire (?)
black, the genua conspicuouslyand abruptly fulvous ;wings black, fasciate u-ith u'hite ; eell lsl M z closed;
abdominal tergites purplish black, the sternites andgenital segrnentorange.
Ma,le.-Length about 6.5 mm. ; rving 6.3 mm.
Iemnle.-lsngth about 8.5 mm. ; wing 7.3 mm.
Iemnle.-Rostrum and palpi black. Antenna withthe scape and pedicel black above, more yellowish on
lower face ; flagellum black ; segmentsoval, decreasing
in size outwardly. Head above black, sparselypruinose,
beneath obscureyellorv.
Pronotum orange. Mesonotal prascutum with thehumeri and broad lateral margins ora,nge-yellow, the350

Dr. C. P. Alex andet on

remainder of disk covered by three confluent blue-black
stripes, the mid-region at suture narrowly yellow andvaguely split behind by a capillary pale vitta ; scutal
lobes similarly blue-black, the median area yellow ;scutellum yellow, the parascutella more obscured; postnotum yellow, the posterior third of mediotergite
blackened. Pleura yellow, the mesepimeron with asparse whitish bloom. Halteres obscure yellow, theknobs dark brown. I*gr with the coxreand trochanters
yellow ; femora black, the bases not brightened, thetips narrowly and abruptly fulvous ; tibire black, thebases narrowly fulvous, the amount a trifle less than
the femoral tips ; basal two segmentsof tarsi more or
Iess yellow, tipped with black, on the second segment
including about the distal half of the segment, on theposterior legs much more extensiveon the fore and middle
legs ; terminal tarsal segments black. Wings black,fasciate with white, the latter colour including a nearlycomplete subterminal band that is nearly as *ide as th-e
darkened apex beyond ; a, white band before cord,
extending from R to margin, subequal in width to thesubterminal band, parallel-sided; broken pale areasat and near wing-base, including the axillary region in
anal cells, in cell lsl A involving more than the basal
half of cell, at it's outer end the are&encroachingupon the .
outer end of cell 2nd'A ; subbasalwhitish areasin cellsIand M ; prearcular region more yellou'ish; veins dark
bro_*t! paler in the whitish fascia. Venatiorl : R6z
and Rz subequal, the latter rather faintl;r indicateitj
cell LstM, closed, the veins issuing from it elongate;rn<u a little lessthan its orvn length beyond fork of M.
Abdominal tergites purplish black ; sternites orange,na,rrowly ringed on caudal margins with yellow ; geniial
segment and ovipositor orange ; cerci elongate, gently
upcurved.
Male.-The male that is considered &s belonging tothis speciesis very different in coloration, as is frequentin the Australian members of the subgenus. It differsfrom the female, &s above described, as fbllou's :Postnodal mediotergite uniformly pale. I*g. beyond
trochanters uniformly blackened. Wings rvith the disk
chiefly pale, the margins, and especially the apex,
darkened; a pale brou'n faseia crossesthe u'ing at thenewor little-knownf ipulidm.

351

level of 8s. Abdomen orange, the seventh te"glte
blackened.
Hah. New South wales (Federal Capitol rerritory).
Holntypa,?, Blundell's,January 7,IggO (A. L. Tonnoir).
Allotopotype,g, with the t;rye.
faratopotype, Q, December21, lg30 (R. J. Tittyaril).
fulaogenu&lisis most nearly-,Gymnnstgs(lara,gyrnwr,stas)allied to G. (P.) nigripas Alexander, differing especiallyin the thoracic pattern and the conspicuousand-abrupt
fulvous genua,on the otherwise black femora and, tibireof the female.
Gymnastas(Para,gymrnstas)clitellnrio, sp. n.
General coloration yellow, the prrcscutum with three
confluent black stripes that form a dorsa,lshield ; d.orsal
mesepimer_onand sternopleurito blackened, pruinose ;legs of male black, of female with tips of femora broadly
orange ; wings _ofmale almost uniformly darkenedbeyond
cord, of female dark brown, fasciate with whilish ;abdominal tergites of male blackened, of female purplish
black.
Male.-Length about 6.5 mm. ; wing
T mm.
-rvingremale.-f.,sngth about 7-7.b mm. ;6.b-7.8mm.
Male.-Rostrum and palpi black. Antenna withyellow, pedicel and flagellum black. Head
ggapgob_scure
black, silvery grey pruinose, especiallyin front.
Pronot'un+or?nge-)l9llow.Mesonotalprrescutumorangeyellow, with three black stripes that are fusecl.intJ ashield-shaped&rea, restricting the ground-colour to thehumeral and lateral regions and to an area at the suture ;postnotum yellow, the caudal portion of the rnediotergite blackened. Pleura yellow, the anepisternum andsternopleurite blackened, pruinose. Halteres rvith stem
obscure brorvnish yellow, the knobs dark brown. Legsb_eyondthe troehanters black. Wings bevond the .oi.lalmost uniformly darkened, variegated only by slightu'ashes; basal half of u'ing variegated by an incomplete
fascia before cord and a similar brightening in 6asesof cells .B and M ; prearcular region, basesof anal cells,?nd basal portions of cells C and ,Sc pale. Venation :Fzpresent ; cell lst IW, closed; r'eins beyond cell lst M,
long.

352

Dr. C. P. Alexandet on

Abdominal tergites chiefly black, the basesof segments
1 to 4 restrictedly yellow on either side of mid-line ;sternites orange-yellow, the subterminal segments restrictedly darkened ; hypopygium dark-coloured.
Femnle.-Differs from male, as described, in thefollowing regards :-Legs with femora broadly yellow
on outer thfud to half, the basal portion darkened ;tibire chiefly obscurebrown ; basal two segmentsof tarsi
yellow, tipped with black ; succeedingsegments blach.
Wings dark brown with whitish fascire, the outer tu'obands narrower than the darkened apex ; outer paleband a little narrower than the one before cord ; wingbase extensively variegated by pale. Abdominal tergites
purplish black.
Hab. New South Wales.
Holotype,3, Dorrigo, altitude about 2600 feet, Deeember 15, 1932(W. Heron).
Allotopotype,Q,February 10, 1931.
Paratopotype,s,3 dd, November 30 to December 15,
1932; 2 ??, March 29, 1931(W. Heron).
The present speciesis most closely allied to Gymna,st,es(Paragymnnstes)fuluogenualis, sp. n., in the male sex
differing in the darkened thoracic pleura, black abdominal
tergites, and the wing-pattern, especially the darkened
cells beyond cord ; in the female the darkened sternopleurite and the broad pale femoral tips readilv separate
the two flies.
Tasioceranodulifera, sp. n.
General coloration of thorax light brown ; antenn&(male) relatively short, not or scarcely exceeding the
body in length, the flagellar segmentsstrongly nodulose;
Rr*r*n short ; cell lst M, closed; abdomen dark brown,
the hypopygium paler ; male hypopygium with thedististyle massive, more or less mitten-shaped, terminalin position ; phallosome appearing roughly lyriform,
entirely yellow, the outer a,rms appearing as straightsmooth spinesthat convergeoutwardly.
Male.-Length about 3 mm. ; wing 4 mm.
Rostrum brown ; palpi dark brown. Antennre black
throughout, of moderate length, a little longer thanthe body ; flagellar segmentswith the basal enlargements

new or little-known Tipulidre.

3bB

unusually swollen, producing a, nodulose or bead-like
effect. Head brown.
Thorax rather light brown to yellowish brown throughgutr the pleura a little paler.
Halteres relatively elongate,
dusky. Legs chiefly pale, the vestiture dart<; Juter
segmentsmore infuscated. Wings with a strong browntinge, the veins and macrotrichia somewhat darker.
Venation : Rr*r*ushort, subequalto basal sectionof 8u ;cell lsf M z closed; vein Znd,A relatively long, ending
nearly opposite the origin of ,Es; cell znd A long andnarrow.
Abdomen dark brown ; hypopygium large, testaceousyellow. Male hypopygium with the dististyle terminalin position, short, broad and massive,gradually narrowed
outwarily, the blunt tip blackened and coarsely but
indistinctly toothed ; surface of style roughened andprovided with scattered coarse punctures. Phallosome
ver.y distinct, the structure appearing sublyriform ;lateral &rms appearing as straight yellow spines thatconverge outwardly, the tips nearly contiguous; thesearms entirely smooth, gradually narrowed to the acutetips ; from the eentre of the h'riform mass protrude
two much smaller yellon' spines that lie side by sideat the mid-line of the structure.
Hab. New South Wales.
Holotype, 6, Megalong Valley, October 2f80, 1gB0
(I . E. Wilsorc).
Paratopotype,g.
Ta^sioceranodulifera is strikingly different from allother regional species having the dististyle of themale hypopygium terminal in position. The shapeof the phallosome suggestsspeciessuch as T. buceplwln
Alexander, but the dististyle is quite different from thatof any other described species. The genera,lappearanceof the fly, especially the strongly nodulose antennre,
is more like that of certain regional speciesof Molophilus,&s M. d,istinctissimusAlexander, but the fly is a, true
Tasiocera.
Tasioceraotuayensis,sp. n.
General coloration black ; antenn& (male) elongate,nearly twice the length of the entire body, the flagellar

354

On new or little-knnuvnTipulidre.

segments only slightly nodulose; male hypoPygiumwi"th the dististyle- teiminal in position, stout basally,
the lower angleproduced.into a slenderpa,learm ; phallosome ,pp"uiit g roughly lyriform, each side pro-duqe$
into a stout *p"iru, *:ittt tiny denticles at, base and withlateral spines at, mid-length
about two larter appressedof the axial one.
Male.-Length about 2.5-2.6mm. ; wing 3'3-3'4mm.
Rostrum u,tt palpi black. Antennre elongate,nearly
twice the length of the entire body, black.thrgughout;flagellar segm-entsvery lo9_g,{":Fty- constricted beyond
th; slight bisal swelling. Head-black'
Thoiax black. Halteres and legs black throughout.
wings with a strong dusky jitgu,. the veins slightly
dark"er; ma,crotrichiubto*tr.- venation_: _Br*r*+--aPProximately three times the basal sectionof 4l ; cell lsf M 2
closed; vein znd,l. short, endinga short distancebeyond
areulus,the cell na,rrow.
Abd.omen black, the hypopygium brownish black'
Male hypopygium with the dististyle terminal in position,
the Ualit it""if broad, the a,pexconcaveor subtruncate,
the outer angle prod.ucedinto a blackened flange, thelower or innei arigle drawn out into a slender pale ut-*,
its tip obtuse. Tii of basistyleproducedinto a triangularpale point. Phallosome appearing as a eonsplcuous
blackened spinous point on either sicle. these spines
the spine
to alrperrr sonreu-hat l"vt'ift)l'111,
directed 111"&,,1

bearingsmall acuteaLntictesin aclditionto trvg3Ppressed
major"teeth that are approxirnately one-half the sizeof the primarY Point.
Ha,b.Victoria.
Holntype, d, Beech Forest, Turton's Pass, otway
peninsol;, January l1-19, 1932(F. E. Wilson)
11Parutopotypas,iaA ; gtaratlP*r,6,Crowes,J1nE?-1y
19, Igg2; a, ffotdern Vale,January 1932(-F.E. Wilson)'
Tasiocrri otwayensisis very
- different from all otherspecies6f the genus. rn the shape?nd terminal
described.
position of^th" dististyle. lhu fly most nearly resembles[n" larger T. bucephnlaAlexander, but the structure of
the ptrillosomic complexis entirely different.