I

Ertracto de la R@isto Chilctn dc Higuio Nohrol' afio xxxvnr (1934),rr. L73-17g.

RECORDSAND DESCRIPTIONSOF CHILEAN TIPU.
LIDAE (ORDER DIPTERA).-PART I.
BY

CsARr,rsP. ALEXANDER
Profegor of Entooology, Massachusettsstate college, Amherst Macs.. U. s. A.

The most recent paper that considersthe crane-fly faunaof Chile is that by the presentwriter, basedespeciallyon therich collections made in 1926 by Edwards and Shannon.
(Diptera of Patagonia and South Chile. Part. I-Crane-fliesPublishedby the British Museum;Londoo, pp. v-xvi, l.-241,3 tort-figs., 12 pls. ; 1929).Since the completion of the citedreport, numerous additional Tipulidae have been sent to me
for study and it is the purposeof the present seriesof papers

t74

REVISTA CEILENADE EISTORIANATURALto discusscertain of the rarities and new speciesinvolved.
Acknowledgements
are made throughout the text.
/ ).-A Lrsr on TrpuLrDAEcoLLEcrEDer Cevurur rN JeNuARy
1933, BY DR. EnwyN P. Rnen.
I am greatly indebted to my friend, Dr. Edwyn P. Reedfor further co-operationin studying the marvelouscrane-flyfaunaof Chile.The specieslistedbelowweretaken at Cayutue,,
Lago Todos los Santos, Llanquihue,altitude about 500 feet,in mid-January, 1933.The specimenswere mostly taken atand near the home of Dr. Kurt Wolffhtigel, ciistinguishedscientist,to whom Dr. Reed acknowledgesmuch kindly cooperationin collectinginsectsupon this particular excursion.
Alex.; I d , | 1 g .
Elnorettaocracanthoides
Tipula bigotianoAlex.; 1 g .
T.
duseniAlex.; 1 d.
glaphyroptera
T.
Phil.; 2 dd.
j e a n n i c k e a nAal e x . ; 1 d 2 9 9 .
T.
T.
microspi,l'otaAl1edx ., ;6 9 9 .
pallidisignataAlex.; 1 d .
T.
pirioni Alex.; 1 g .
T.
reedi sp. n, ; describedunder Part B of this report.
T.
s p a t u l i f e rAal e x . ;| 6 , 2 9 9 .
T.
AustrolimnophilahazelaeAlex.; 1 d.
Alex.; 1 d.
A.
microsti,cta
A.
tremuloAlex.; 1 d.
Gynoplistia manicata Alex. 1 d.
G. sp., probably striatipennisAlex., 1 I
This last-mentionedspecimenwas found dead beneath abut with venationstone,January 13, 1933.It is subapterous
evident and not greatly distorted.
B).-DEScRTPTToNS oF Nnw

SpBctnst

Macromastix (Araucomyia) brevihirsuta, sp. n.
General coloration of notum brown to grey, the praescutumwith four brown stripes; antennae (d ) not exceeding thewing in length; vestiture of head and thorax (d ) short ant
inconspicuous; wings grayish, the costal region and stigma
more yellowish; prearcular region more infuscated; abdomen
reddish, the tergites narrowly but conspicuously trivittate
with dark brown.

Alexander.-cHILEAN

TTpULIDAE.-pARTr

175Male.-Length, about 15 mm.; wing, 15.5 mm.
Female.-Length,24-26mm.; wing, 16-17mm.
Frontal prolongation of head' brown; palpi blacki rasus
long and conspicuos. Antennae (d ) of moderate length,
partly broken in the type, but when completeevidently notexceedingthe length of the body or of one wing; scapeand
pedicel reddish brown, the flagellum passing into darker
brown; basal flagellar segment constricted at one-third thelength; secondsegmentlittle longer;third subequalto second,I{ead brown the anterior orbits more yellowish; vertical,tubercle of moderate size, a little higher in male; head offemale more pruinose;vestiture of head short, black.
Mesonotal preescutum wit-h the ground-color yellowish,
gray laterally, with four distinct brown stripes; posteriorscleritesof mesonotummore I'ellowishgray, the scutal lobes
variegated with darker. In female, the preascutum moreyish, the vestiture relatively shor and inconspicuous.
Pleura.
chiefly yellowish gray. Halteresyellow, the knobsdark brown
Legswith the coxaeweakll' pruinose;remainderof legsyellow,
the tips of femora and tibiae rrarrowly infuscatedthe latter
rnore noticeably so; terminal tarsal segmentspassinginto
dark brown. Wings grayish, the costal region more yellowish,
the ptearcular region more infuscated; stigma yellow; a restricted dark cloud on anterior cord, especiallvat baseof vein
R4+5; veins brown, C, Sc, R , Cu and Znd A more yellowish.
Venetion: Petiole of cell Mr short; rn-ut longer than distal
sectionof.Cur; cell ZndA relativelywide.
Abdomen reddish to reddish yellow, the tergires narrowly
trivittate with dark brown, more conspicuousin female;sternites more uniformll' vellow, the ninth sternite of maledarker. Ovipositor with porverfulsclerotizedcerci, as in subgenus.
Hob. Chile.
Hol.otype,d , NIarga-N{arga,January, 1933 (A. Prion).
Allotopotype,i, February, 1933 (A. Pirion).
Paratopotypes,
3 discoloredg g , with allotype; one preyed
upon by an Asilid , Erax griseusGu6rin
I am indebted to my friend, P. AnastasioPirion, for theprivilege of describing this speciesand retaining the types.
The fly is most nearle allied to Macrornastix (Araucomy'ia)
paulseni (Phil.), differing especiallyin the shorter antennaeof male, together with the short, inconspicuousvestiture of
the head and thorax.

176

REVISTA CEILENA DE IIISTORIA NATURAL

Tipula reedi, sp. n.
Belongs to the glaphyropteragroup; mesonotal praescutum
gray with four dark brown stripes, in addition to a capillarydark median vitta; antennae (d ) relatively short; wings
brown, only sparsely variegated by darker brown and whitish
areas; basal abdominal segmentschiefly yellow, the tergites
trivittate with dark brown; outer abdominal segmentsalmostuniformly blackened; male hypopygium very large; ninth
tergite long, the outer lateral angles produced; mesal lobe ofbasistyle a bispinous sclerotizedplate; appendageof eighthsternite trifid, the median lobe longer than laterals, clothedwith golden-yellowsetulae
Male.--Length, about 19 mm.; wing, 20 mm.; antenna,about 5 mm.
Frontal prolongation of head dark brown; nasus conspicuous; palpi black. Antennae relatively short, black, thepedicel obscureyellow; verticils subequal to the segments.
'brown,Head grayish
clearer brown medially, the posterior
orbits very narrowly yellowish gray.
Mesonotum dark grdy, the praescutum with four entire
dark brown stripes, the intermediate pair further separated
by a capillary dark median vitta, the intermecliatestripes
and medrianvitta all quite confluent behind, attaining thesuture; scutum bluish gray, the lobes variegated by brownareas; scutellum and mediotergitelighter grd)t,with a medianbrown stripe. Pleura grey, more infuscated on dorsal portionof mesopleura;dorso-pleuralmembrane bright orangeyellow.
Halteres pale, the knobs of halteresweakly darkenedat bases.
Legs with the coxaegrav; trochantersobscureyellow; femora
brownish yellow, the tips narrowly blackened, preceded bya somewhat more yellowish subterminal annulus, the latternot well-defined; tibiae and basitarsi yellowish brown, thetips narrowly brownish black; remainderof tarsi black. Wings
strongly tinged with brown, only sparsely variegated by.
darker brown and whitish areas; the brown color includesthe
entire cell Sc with the exception of outer end; cell Cu andadjoining seamsinto poseterior portion of cell /'ll; stigma andsomewhat paler brown areas on anterior cord: the whitish
areas include pre-stigmal and post-stigmal brightenings;
clearer white spots in center of cell l.st Mzand outer end ofcell R, separatedby the basal section of Mr*i a more exten-

Alexander.-cntLEAN TIpuLrDAr(rn nr t)

r77

sive pale areaat near twothirds the length of cell M, adjoining
vein Cur;veinsbrown,palerin the obliterativeareas.Venation:
Rr*s €ntire but pale, with trichia almostto tip; m shorterthan
petiole of cell Mi cell lst Mz rather short and broad, pentagonal.
Abdomen with basal tergite brownish gray; succeeding
segmentsyellow, narrowly and interruptedly trivittate withdark brown, the median line more broken and less distinct;
lateral borders of tergites pale; outer segmentsand hypopygium chiefly black; sternites chiefly yellow, the outer segments blackened. Male hypopygium unusually large andconspicuous,almost the largest and most complicated ofany speciesso far discoveredin the glaphyropteragroup. Ninthtergite large, much longer than wide, the outer half a little
narrowed; each lateral angle produced caudad into a longslenderlobe; caudal border between the tergal horns nearlytransverse{reddish horn-colored,the median area with twoparallel ridges. Basistyle with ventro-caudal lobe elongate,
black, at apex with a pencil of long yellow setaethat exceed
one-halfthe legth of the lobe;mesallobedevelopedas polished.
sclerotizedplate that divides into slender curved spines orhorns. Eighth sternite profundly trifid, the lateral lobes
black, transverselycorrugated,shorter than the median lobe,
the latter blackenedon sides to beyond midlength; surfaceof blade denselyclothedwith golden-yellowsetulae.
Hab.Chile.
Holotype,d, Cayutu6, Lago Todos los Santos,Llanquihue,
altitude about 500 feet, mid-January 1933 (E. P. Reed);type in writer's collection.
I take the greatest pleasurein dedicating this fine newspeciesof Tipula to my friend Dr. Edwyn P. Reed,to whom
I am vastly indebted for help in studying the crane-fliesof
Chile. The speciesis most similar to other South ChileanandPatagonianmembersof the genus,as Tipula crossospiloAlex.,
Alex., T. jaennickeanaAlex. and T. tristillata
T. end,erleinana
Alex., especiallyto the last-named.It differs from all of thesein the median praescutalvitta and, especially,in the rather
remarkablestructure of the male hypopygium, hotably thetergite and mesallobe of the basistyle.

Aphrophila viridinerYis sp. n.
Size large (wing, L 11 mm.) ; general coloration yellow,
the praescutumwith three more reddish brown stripes; a deli-178

REVISTACHILENA

DEIIISTORIANATURAL

cate median praescutal carina; antennal flagellum black;halteres and legs yellow; wings hyaline, faintly tinted withgreen,most of the veins bright green;Rs long, approximately
twice the basal sectionof Roi ovipositor with margirrsof cerci
smooth.
Female.--Length,
about 9 mm.; wing, 11 mm.
Rostrum short, yellow; palpi testaceous,the outer segments
darker. Antennae vrith scape and pedicel yellow; flagellum
black; flagellar segmen
ts oval, decreasingin size outwardly,
the last one much smallerthan the penultimate.Head buffy,
the posterior orbits somewhat clarker, the broad front andanterior vertex more yellowish.
Mesonotal praescuturn obscure yellow, with three more
reddish browrt stripes, with a delicate median carina; posterior scleritesof notum obscureyellow. Pleuravellow. Halteres
pale yellow throughout. Legs yellow, the outer two tarsal
segmentsdarkened.\\rings h-'-aline,faintly tinted with Etreen;
stigma scarcelyevident although partl_"obliteratingthe veins

Fig. 42.-W'ing wnefatiort.o-f Aphrophila siridinerais sp. n

ratversed;a narrow brown seam along distal sectionof Chi
no axillary darkening;veinsof the Radial, N,Iedialand Cubital
fields, togetherwith lsi A, deep green, Sc, R and basal halfof Znd A more yellowish;outer costal region above the stigma
similarly green.Venation: Scr endinga short distancebeyond
fork of Rs, Sczat its tip; Rs relativel)'long, nearly twice thebasalsectionof Rr; Rzjust beyondfork of Rz*s*a; cell Ist Mz
closed, rn very short; rn-cxtat fork of nI; cell ?nd .4 wide.
Abdomen obscure vellow, the bases of segmentsa little
more reddish yellow than the apices. Ovipositor with cerci
small, heavily sclerotizedand strongly upcurved, as in thegenus, but with the dorsal margins smooth, not serrateas
in the other describedChilean species.
Hab. Chile.

Alexander.-cETLEAN ,TIPILrDln (ru.nr r)

t79- Holoty?e,,g, exact locality uncertain (seebelow); type in
the DeutschesEntomologischesMuseum.
Aphrophile airidineraisis very distinct from all other described chilean speciesin the green veins of the wing, smooth
cerci, and the large body-size,which rivals that of the twolargest New Zealand species (neozeland,icaEdw., t:ittipennis
Alex.)- It is very probablethat the body and legs,
as iell as-freshly-killed
the wing-veins,show greeir tints in living andspecimens.
The exact locality of the speciesis in question.The typewas received for deterrninationfrom Dr. Walther Horn. itbore a small green label on which was written what looked
like. uCunto,Chile, January 2, 1930r. In order to make certain of the locality, the label was re-sent to Dr. Horn andDr. Sachtlebenfor their opinions.It was'then affirmed thatthe specimenhad been sent to the Museum by professorN6vas' who stated that the material had been receivedfrom P.
Felix Jaffuel. However, upon my writing to p. Jaffuel forfurther information concerning the locality wheie the fly
had beentaken, I was informed by him that he had not secured
this materialand knew of no locality in Chile similar in spellingto the above.So the whole matter of the type-locality-of-desirable thefl)' is still in question but the speciesis sothat itwould be a matter of great importanceto know exactly wherethe specieshad been secured.A.y further informaiion on
this matter would be greatly appreciatedby the presentwriter.

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