953
Studia Entomologica,vol t3, fagc. 14, novembre.lg?0' i

New or inruffisiently known African crane flies(Dipt, Tipulidae)
Charles P. Alerander

Edit0ra vozes Ltdr., Petr6poligRio dG Jrnciro, BrasilStudia Ent., vot. t3, fasc. l-4, novembrolgm
.

257

l

,

;

New or insufficiently known African crane flies(Tipulidae: Diptera)
\ a

r '

I

C h a r l e sP . A l e x a n d e r
Emeritus,University of Massachusetts,
Departmentof Entomology,
Amherst,Massachusetts,(With 55 figures)

In the presentpaper I am discussingvariousundescribedorpoorly known speciesof African crane flies derivedf,rom threemajor sources:( I ) The Parc National Albert, in extreme
easternDemocraticRepublicof ' Congo,westernUganda and in
Rwanda. (2) The Matengo Highlands in southern Tanzania(Tanganyika),east of Lake Nyasa. (3) Madagascarand South
Africa.
Parc National Albert. Extensiveseries of Tipulidae weresent to me for study by Dr. P. Basilewsky,of the MusdeRoyalde l'Afrique Central,Tervueren,Belgium,and the late President
V. Van Straelen,of the Institut des Parcs Nationauxdu Congo
Belge.It had been intendedto incorporatethesematerialsin areportof the seriesof papersthat concernthe fauna of the Parc
NationalAlbert but this study has been delayedand it now is
proposedto publish the descriptionsof certain of the novelties
derivedfrom thesesources.In 1956 (seebibliographyat end of
this introduclorystatement)I publisheda major acco,untof theTipulidae of Tropical Af rica and in the keys coveringvarious
generaa small numberof specieswere includedthat are treatedin the presentr'eport.Theseare considered
to havebeendescribedat that time but the detaileddescriptions,type indicationsand
illustrations
havenot beenpublishedand are givenhere.Becauseof the many changesin politicalnamesand boundariesin Africa
during the past two decadesthe data on the variousspecimens
often differ from the presentusage and for clarity both names
are providedunderthe variousdescriptions.'The
typesand othermaterialsderived from this source are to be depositedin theMuseumof 'the Belgi4nCongo,Tervuren.i
MatengoHighlandq,Materialssecuredby the late Dr. Hanns
Zerny and associatesin 1935-I 936 to the then German East
Africa, preservedin the Naturhistorisches
Museui'n,Vienna.
t7

Alexander,A f r i c a nc r a n ef l i e s

Madagascar(MalagasyRepublic)and SoathAfrica (Republicof South Africa). Based primarily on collectionsmade by Dr.
Brian Stuckenbergin Madagascarin 1955-I 956 and in lgs7,
and in South Africa in 1958 by Brian and PamelaStuckenberg.
Materialsto be preservedin the Natal Museum,Pietermaritzburg.
S e l e c t e dl i s t s o f r e f e r e n c e s
Parc National Albert
Explorationdu Parc NationalAlbert.MissionC. F. De Witte (1933-1935).
Fasc. I (lntroduction),pp. l-39, plates l-32, map; 1937.(lnstitut desParcs Nationauxdu Congo Belge).
NationalParks of BelgianCongo (Englishversion),pp. l-40, 51 figures,
map; 1938. (lnstitut des Parcs du Congo Belge).
RuwenzoriExpedition1934-5,l, No. l. Introductionwlth list of localities,
pp. 9, plates l-20, 2 maps; 1939.(British Museumof Natural History,
London).
Parc National Albert. Liste de localit€s (1946), l9 pp., map. (lnstitut
des Parcs Nationauxdu Congo Belge,Bruxelles).
Institut des Parcs Nationauxdu Congo Belge.Premier Rapport Quinquennal (1935-1939),
pp. 75,8 plates,4 maps.
Alexander,C. P. Ruwenzori Expedition 1934-35;l, no. 7. Tipulidae,
pp. 129-380,221 figures; 1956. (British Museumof Natural History,
London).
Matengo Highldnds
M e i s e, W., Zur Yogelwelt des Matengo-Hochlandes
nahe dem Nordende- Mitth. Zool. Mus. Berlin, 22: 8G160, plates 14;
des Nyassa-Sees.
1936.
S a s s i, M., and F. Zimmer. Beitriige zur Kenntnis der Vogehrelt desSongea-Distriktesmit besonderer Beriicksichtigung des Matengo- Annal. Naturhist.Mus. iwien, 5l: 236-346;lg4l.
Hochlandes.
L i n d n e r, Erwin., Beitriige zur Kenntnis der InsektenfaunaDeutschOstafrikas, inbesonderedes Matengo-Hochlandes.
Diptera, Stratiomyiidae. Annal. Naturhist.Mus. Wien, 53: l0l-100, 5 figs.; 1953.
Madagascar and South Africa
A le x a n d e r, C. P., The crane flies of Madagascarin the Natural
History Museum,Basel,collectedby Fred Keiser.- Verhandl.Naturf.
Ges. Basel, 74, no. 2: l8l-229, 95 figs.; 1963.
- New or little-known Tipulidae from Madagascar(Diptera). - Trans.
AmericanEnt. Soc.,9l: 39-83,56 figs.; 1965.
- Diptera (Nematocera):Tanyderidae,Ptychopteridae,Tipulidae. South
African Animal Life, l0: 229-Ml, 124 figs.; 1964.
Stuckenberg,
B r i a n , T a x o n o m i ca n d m o r p h o l o g i c aslt u d i e so n t h egenusPaulianinaAlexander (Diptera: Blepharoceridae).
- Mdm. Inst.
Scient.Madagascar,Ser. E, l0: 97-198,92 figs.; 1958.

Studia Ent., vol. 13, fasc. 14, novembro1970

259

Tlpulinae

1. Nephrotoma dewittei Alexander
Nephrotoma dewittei Alexander; Ruwenzori Expedition 1934-5, l,liey); 1956.

no.

7:

135 (inSize large (wing of male 13 mm or more); general coloration ofthorax and abdomen polished black; head black, vertical tubercle abruptly
orange; halteres black; Iegs black, femoral bases yellow, broadest on
posterior pair; wings brownish yellow, stigma darker brown; malehypopygium with posterior border of ninth tergite produced into twolarge flattened blades, their mesal edges with blackened spicules; eachgonapophysisappearing as a long spine, the mesal edge with two shorter
points, together with a long narrow basal arm that narrows to an
apical point; eighth sternite with caudal border produced into a low
setiferous lobe.

M a le.
L e n g t ha b o u t 1 3 . 5 - 1 4m m . ; w i n g , 1 3 - 1 4 m m .
F e m a I e. - Lengthabout 15-17mm.; wing, 14-17mm. Frontal
prolongationof headand the palpi black;nasuselongate.Antennaeof uniquetype male broken, scapedark brown, pedicelslightly
paler; in female, f lagellum uniformly black, segmentsfeebly
enlargedat bases,shorter than their verticils.Head black withthe exceptionof the orange vertical tubercle,the latter oval in
outline, relatively tumid, gently emarginatemedially in male,entire in female.
Thorax uniformlyblack, notum highly polished,praescutum,
scutumand postnotumglabrous,scutellumwith sparsevery shortsetae; dorsopleuralregion blackened,more opaque than theremainder.Halteresblack, central area of stem slightly paler.
Legs with coxae black; trochantersblackI femora black, bases
conspicuouslyyellowed, narrowest on f ore legs, broadest on
posteriorpair where approximatelythe proximal two-fifths to
one-halfis included;tibiae and tarsi black.Wings with a strong
brownishyellow tinge, cells C and Sc more saturated,especiallythe latter; stigma darker brorvn, relatively small, oval; veins
yellowishbrown to light brown, more yellowedin costal field.
Stigmaltrichia very sparseto virtually lacking; in male with fiveor six scatteredtrichia in outer end of cell Rs, thesefewer tolackingin female.Venation:Scz endingvirtually oppositeoriginof Rs; cell Mr short-petiolateto narrowly sessile;cell /sf Mz
widenedoutwardly;m-cu close to origin of vein M4.
Abdomen polished black, including the male hypopygium
and genitalshieldof female.Ovipositorwith valveshorn yellow.
Male hypopygium(Fig. 2) with the region of the ninth sternite,s, conspicuously
tumid, the median region deeply incised,withpale membrane.Ninth tergite, t, with caudal border produced
17.

2ffi

Alexander,A f r i c a nc r a n ef l i e sinto two large flattened blades that are separatedby a very
with the usualedges,of''the'blades
narrowV-shapedemargination,
microscopicblackenedspicules;on ventral surfaceon either sideof baseof bladeswith a secondlobe that is provicledwith fewer
but larger blackenedpoints.Outer dististyle,d, long and slender,
narrowedto the obtusetip, the length approximatelysix or seven.
times the greatest width; inner,style compact,dorsal crest very
low, glabrous; beak obtuse, lower beak more .slender,heavily'
blackened;no posterior crest or further armature, the regiong, distinctive,the main apophysis
almostgiabrous.Gonapophysis,
with proximal half expanded,'outer apical angle producedintoa slenderrod, mesal edge of the expandedpart producedinto
two shorterspinouspoints; baseof apophysiswith a long narrow
arm extendedinto an apical point. Aedeagus,a, unusuallysmall,narrowedto the obtusetip, penisfilamentvery lqng and slender.
Eighth sternite,Bs, with caudal border medially producedinto
a low lobe that is provided with abundantlong cparse black
setae.
Habitat: Rwanda and Uganda. Holotype,I , SabinyoVolcano, Parc, National Albert, Valley Rwebeya, 3,,000 meters,
september22, 1934 ( De Witte) ; No. 637. Allotopot)rpe,I .
9 ; p a r a t y p e s , | 6 , | 9 , M o u n tM g a h i n g a ,P a r a t o p o t y p e s ,I 2
1I ,000 feet,
Kigezi Province,SouthweqtUganda,altitude 10,000Novembert 934 (F. W. Edwards); British Museum (Natural
H istory).
The speciesis named for the collectorof the type specimens,Mr.
C: F. De Witte. It is'most simitarto speciessuch'asNephrotomaalbonigra- and N. chalybea Alexander, differing in many. details of
Alexancler
colorationof the body, legs and wings, and particularly in hypopygial
structure,especiallythe ninth tergite and gonapophyses.

2. NephrotomasubinanisAlexander
N e p h r o t o m as u b i n a n i s A l e x a n d e;r R u w e n z o r iE x p e d i t i o n 1 9 . 1 3 - 3 5I,, n o . 7 : 1 3 8 ( i nkey); 1956.

yellow,with three polished
Generalcolorationof mesonotalpraescutum-clear light yeJlow,
black stripeg that are entirely separate,mediotergite
the posteriorthird more reddened;head almost uniformlyyellow, occipitalbrand very pale, scarcelydifferentiated;antennaewith scapelight yellow,
flagellar segmentsbeyond the first black; femora brown, tips narrowly
blackened,claws,of male simple; abdomenyellow, restrictedlypatterned
hypopygiumyellow;
with darker,subterminalsegmentsuniformlyblackened,male hypopygiumwith lobesof tergite truncate,inner dististylewith dorsal
crest producedposteriorlyinto a free lobe; eighth sternitewith':posteriorbordef divided into two rounded lobes thqt ,are provided' with abundsnt
long black setaethat curve toward the midline.

Studia Ent., vol. 13, fasc. 14, novembro1970

261

Length about 12-13 mm.; wing, 13-14 mm.;
M a I e.
about5 mm, F e m a !e. - Lengthabout 17 mm.; wing
antenna,
15 mm. Frontal prolongationof head uniformly light yellow,
nasus elongate,yellow, tufted with black setae; palpi brown,
outer segmentpaling to yellow. Antennaeof male moderately
one-thirdthe body; scapelight ygllow,pedicel
iong,approximately
and first flagellarsegmentpale brownishyellow, secondsegment
segments
slightly darker,succeedingbrownwit! basalgnlargement
passinginto black; f lagellar segmentsmoderatelyincised,muchsmall. Head almost
iqng.f than their verticils,basal enlargements
uniiormlyyellow; occipitalbrand ve{}tpale, sc4rcelydifferentiatedffom the ground;orbitalareasand a capillarymqdianline slightly
mqre orange; vertical tubercle nearly entire.
,Pronotumuniformly Iight yellow. Mesonotumyellow, thepraescutumwith three polished black' stripes that ,are entirely
separatedby interspaces,the "paratypewith central stripe witha weakreddishmedianvitta; outerendsof lateralstripes'outcurved,
polishedand slightly paler; median area of scutumyellow, eachlobe virtually coveredby a polishedblack area, lateral ends ofsuture more opaque; scutellumweakly infuscatedmedially, theclearlight yellow,posterior
obscureyellow;mediotergite
remainder
third more reddened.Pleura and pleurotergitelight yellow withmore reddenedareas on ventral anepisternum,ventral sternoyellow.Halteres
pleuriteand meralregion,dorsopleurflmembrane
brownish yellow, apex of knob more yeliowed. Legs with all
yellow; femorabrown, brightenedbasally,
coxaeand trochanters
tips narrowly infuscated,tibiae yellow, tips still more narrowly
darkened;tarsi black, claws of male very small,simple,strongly
curved.Wings strongly tinged with brownishyellow, cells C and
Sc scarcelydifferent; stigma oval, brown; veins brown, thosein costal f ield ,more yellowed.Stigmal trichia abundant,thosein outer end of cell Rr sparse.Venation:Anteriorcord and theshortRs in obliquealignment;cell M1 narroivlysessile,in allotype

verv;ilL:ldarkenedsides
andbroad
lif ;irsttergite
basany,apex yellow; segmenttwo chiefly yellow wiitr a small bro*n
median area on basal ring and a larger triangle at posteriorborder,segmentthreewith'the latter area still larger; succeeding
tergitesblack, more or less brightenedon basal ring, subterminal
segmentsuniformly black;, hypopygiumyellow; basal sternites
y.llo*, outeronesdarker.In femafeifie g.nit"t shieldand preceding
segmentyellow. Male hypopygiuq ( FiS. I ) with ninth tergite,

Alexander,A f r i c a nc r a n ef l i e st, transverse,posterior border with two low truncated lobes
providedwith severalblackenedspicules,separatedby a relatively
shallow median notch; ventral surface with other f lattened
extensions
bearingblackenedpoints.Ninth sternitetumid, heavily
blackenedon eitherside of midline.Outer dististyle,d, long andnarrow,length approximatelysix times the greatestwidth; innerstyle extensive,dorsal crest very extensive,producedposteriorly
into a free lobe or blade; lower beak heavily blackened;nospine in region of the posteriorcrest,this being scooplike,withrelativelyfew setae;surfaceof disk of style with unusuallylong
setae that are directed backward. Gonapophysis,g, a pale
$patula,apparentlywithout secondaryspines or similar modificationsas in somerelatedspecies(this damagedon type slide).
Eighth sternite,8s, extensive,sheathing,posteriorborder divided
into two roundedlobesprovidedwith abundantlong black setaethat are incurvedtoward the midline,medianarea membranouswith numerousshortersetae.
Habitat: Rwanda. Holotype, 6 , Rwindi, Parc National
Albert, I ,000 meters,November20-24, 1934 (De Witte). Allotopotype,g. Paratopotype,a broken 6.
The relatedspeciesare indicatedin the key cited above.
3. Tipula (Acutipula) ellioti Alexander
Tiputa elliott Alexander; Canad. Ent.,52z

1 5 6 - 1 5 7 ;1 9 2 0 .

Type locality; 6, Salt Lake to Wawamba,Uganda (C. F.
Scott Elliot); (British Museum Natural History). Male hypopygium(Figs. 3, 4).
4. Tiprla (Acutipula) gaboonensisAlexander
Tipula gaboonensisAlexander; Bull. Mus. d"Hist. nat. (Paris), 1920: ,103-405; 1920.

OgooudRiviere,Cabon (FrenchType localityi 6 , Lambar6n6,
Congo), l9l9 (R. Ellenberger); (Paris Museum).Male hypopygium (Figs. 5-8).
5. Tipula (Acutipula) kenia Alexander
Tipula kenla Alexander; Canad. Ent., 52: 157-158; 1920.

Type locality: 6, Mount Kenia,Kenya(British East Africa),
6,000-7,000feet, February 3-12, 191I (S. A. Neave); (British
MuseumNatural History). Male hypppygium(Fig. 9).

StudiaEnt.,vol.13,fasc.|A,novembro1970263
6. Tipula (Acutipula) meliusculaAlexander154-155;1920'
TipulamelrusculaAlexander;Canad'Ent"52

Typ. locality: d , Sierra Leone, November1904 (Major
Male hypopygium
F. srittty ; (British MuseumNaturalHistory).
(Fig.10).
7. Tipula (Acutiputa) milaniensisAlexander
Tipula mitaniensis Alexander; Canad. Ent',

52" 152; 1920'28,
Type locality: 6, Mount Mlanle,Nyasalatrd,,_DecemberMalelgl2 iS. A. Neave); (British MuseumNatural History).
hypopygium(Figs. r2-r4).
8.Tipula(Acutipula)vanstrae|eniAlexander

Francais"ffi"{:f,:i, XT:"TIir,3,l'j;tiurl' F' A' N' (tnstitut,,roy#,,d1:"iio"fjgi,
Type locality: 6 , Eala, DemocraticRepublic of Congo1935(J. Ghesqui"t:)jParisMuseum.
(Belgiancongo),september(Fig. ll); male hypopygium(Fig' tS):
Vena-tion
Limoniinae Llmoniini

9. Limonia (Achyrolimonia) persuffusaAlexander(Limonia) persuffusa Alexander; Ruwenzorl Expedition 1934-35' l'Limonia'2O3(in keY); 1956.

no' 7:

General coloration of thorax dark brown, praescutum and scutaltobesyellow; wings yellow, central region of disk more whitened,a heavy
brown pattern inituiing major areal at rear one-fourth the length ofcell R, Rs, anterior cord, and outer two-thirds.of ve.i.1R.t, "ll TTltilF=
more or less confluent;cells of outer half ol wing with abundanttrichia.

wing 9.5 mm. Rostrum and palpi black. Antennaesex?
with scape and peOicetblack; f lagellum broken. Head dorsallybrown, more yeliowed behind; front whitish pruinose; anteriorvertex relativeiynarrow, less than the diameterof scape beyond
base.
Pronotum obscure orange above, dark brown on sides.
iltesonotal praescutumwith lateral and humeral portions darkbrown, remainder of disk with three confluent yellorv stripes;
lateral parts of scutal lobes yellowed, mesal portions slightly
darker, medianline slightly pruinose;scutellumbrownishyellow;
mediotergiteobscureyellow, sparselypruinose,pleurotergitemore
infuscated. pleura chiefly dirk brown, ventral sternopleurite
slightly more yellowed. Halteresbroken. Legs with coxae obscurebrownish yeliow, slightly paler apically; trochanters yellow;

26,IA l e x a n d e r , A f r i c a nc r a n ef l i e s

remainderof .legs brokenglgeptingftt_e,basSlsectionof a fore
femur, this yello'w.Wings ( Fig. I 6) with the ground yellow,

centralregion f or almost the entire length more whitened,cellC weaklyinfuscated;a'heavybrown patternthat includes'abroad
seamover Rs, wider'at base,confluent with a still largef area
over the anterior cord, extendingfrom costa at f ree tip of Sc,
caudadto cell I st M2; a further major darkeningover more thanthe outer two-thirds of vein Rr, donfluent\tith the area at cord;
other dark seamsin cell R at near one-fourththe length. forkof Sc, posterior.cord, and outer end 'of cell /sf Mz; marginal
seamson Myz to' 2nd A', larger and most conspicuousin the
medialfield, those in Anal f ield small' and inconspicuous;veins
in ground areas yellowed,darker in patternedp.,:tions.Cellsof more than outer half of , wing wi.th,abund.ant.,trichia,
including
all cellsbeyondcord, as well as cellsR1, outerend of R adjoining
Rs, and in outer ends of cells Cu and I st A. Venation: Sc long,
Sct ending about oppositefour-fifths Rs, Sc, near its tip; Rs
gently angulhtedat base; free tip of Sc, and Rz in approximatetransversealignment;'cellIst M2 elongate;subequalto or a little
longer than distal sectionof Mr-r; m-cu about one-fourthto
one-fifth its length before fork oI , M.
Abdomenbroken.
Habitat: Parc Nittonal'Albert. Hblotyp'e,
sdx? Gitebd,Volcan
Nyamuragira,2,324 meters,June 14-26, 1935 (De Witte).
The, most similar species is, Limonio, (Achyrolimonia'; cuthbertsoni
Alexarlder,of Mozambique,as shown in'the original reference(1956).

10. Limonia (Achyrolirponia)pothos sp. n.
, Belongs to the trigonia groupr allied to recedens,.general coloration
dark brown, praescutumwith three'yellowishbrown stripis; legs brownish
yellow, tarsi paler; wings whitened, with a very 'heavy brown patternthat includesseven costal areas that , are subequalto' or more extensive
thln the interspaces,Rt..i- elongate; male hypopygium with a. single
spine on the ventral dististyle, arising from face of style at base of itre
slender prolongation; terminal lobule of ventromesal lobe of basistvle'lvery stout.

M a I e. , Lenglh,about 5.5-6.5mm.; wi{rgrO Z.O mm.
F e m "lb. - f.ngth, about6 mm.; wing,'-O.S
mm.
Rostrumvery small, yellow; palpi similarly re{gced,black.
Antennae,with lqapg d4rk browry,pedicelpaler brown,first flagellar segmentyellow, succeeding,o4es brown; flagellar.segments
passing through short-oval to elongate,wilh long _cqnspicuous
verticils.Head dark brown; antelior vertex broad.

StudiaEnt.lvol.13,fasc.l-},novembrol9?0265

pronotqm dark browrl, pretergitesmore whitened.Mesonotal
ground'dark brown; disk with three paler brownpraescutum.withlobes
lr yellowishbrown stripes,the lateral pair brighter;.Scutal
ringed with dark .brown, their centersextensivelypale; posterior
patscleritesof noturn dark brown. Pleura brown, restrictedly
terned with darker brown. Halteres infuscated,base of stem
restrictedlypale. Legs With coxae,palebrourn;.trqchantersyellow;
remainderof legs brownishyellow to very pale brown,tarsi paling
to yellow: wings (Fig. 17) with ground golor of anteriorhalf
andwfritened,of posterioi half weakly infuspated; a heavy
conspicuousdarker brown pattern that includesespeciallysevenend
costal'areas,the first arcular,third at'origin of Rs, last at
theof vein Rr, the areas subequalto or more extensivethan
further darkeningsappear as seamsover cord, outerinterspaces;
end of cell I st M2, and'tt' t.lttively' large areas at ends of Analveins;veinsbrown. costal fringe of male shorterthan in recedens'tovenation: Rr-z longer than in' recedens,about'three-fifths
two-'thirdsRz-s; Rs angulatedand in cases spurred at origin;m-cd before fork of M,.the distancevariable.
Abdomen,includinghypopygium,dark brown, extremebasesof sternitesobscureyel[ow. Male hypopygium ( Fig. 22) withthe tergite, .t, transverse,posterior lobes low but conspicuous'with ton'g,.t".; medianareawitlr extensivemembrane'presumably,.pr.r.nTing itre proctiger. Basistyl?, b, with ventromesallobe
large, itt terminai tobul. l3rge and yery stout yhen comparedwith recedens.Dorsal dististyle,d, nearly.straight except near
apex qhich is curvedinto an acut9,Tltf , outer surfacescabrous;
vlntral style sm4lt, its ateaonly slightllt greaterthan the ventromesallobe of the basistyle,oval, with long setae;rostrum a long
slendertod, curvedbgyqndmidlengthto appearlike a boonterang;
from the face of ,style abovebaseof rostrum'a singlespine,.arises
includinga u!ry. long slenderbasal tubercleand,an oqter black
g, ,with mesalspineOt ab,outtne-tratf the length.,Gonapophysis,
apical lobe moderaielystout, simple, .:;'ex directed late,radinto
blade,an acute spine. Apex of aedeagusan ova.Lcornpressed
as $ the subgenus.

:'
Habitat:Tanzania'.
1,500:1,7PT:-t::'Matengo.Highlapds,
Holotypg,6 , lJgaHo,
9 Paratopglyp:t'
February1;10, 1936 (Zerny).Allotopotyper- ,.
,l I , Lupemb:^B-ttg, ,MatengoHighlands'
2 6 d ; palatyP€,,
I ,80G2;0d0*.t.tt, DecemberI l-20, 1935 (Zetny)

266

A l e x a n d e r , A f r i c a nc r a n ef l i e s

The subgenus Achyrolimonia Alexander was described in 1965 (inMadagascar ieport, cited in introduction to this papqr) and the rather
numeious African specieswere listed. The present fly is ge_nerallysimilal
to Limonia (Achyrotimonia) recedens (Alexander), from Cameroun, differing especiallyin the wing pattern and in the details of the hypopygium,including the basistyle, ventral dististyle and gonapophyses.

1l. Limonia (Afrolimonia) lucrativa sp. ll.
Allied to subapicatis;size medium (wing of male about 13 mm.);general colorationof thorax yellow, patternedwith brown, including a
medianpraescutalstripe; legs beyond trochantersuniformly
donspicuous
black; wings yellow, more saturatedon anterior border, heavily spolte{
and dotted wittr dark brown, Sc., ending a short distancebefore forkof Rs,.cell /sf Mz irregular,m about one-halfthe basal sectionoI Ms;
abdomenyellow.

Length, about I mm.; wing, 12.5-13 mm.
M a I e.
Length,about 8-9 mm.; wing, l0-l I mm.
F e m a I e.
Rostrumand palpi black. Antennaeblack, in casesf lagellar
segmentsbrown; basalf lagellarsegmentsshort-oval,with abrupt
apical stems; outer four or f ive segmentslong-cylindrical,themore proximal ones shorter than their longest verticils. Headblackish,pruinose;anteriorvertex reducedto a narrow elevatedstrip that is about one-third the diameterof the scape.
Pronotum obscureyellow. Mesonotalpraescutumbrownish
yellow with a conspicuous
dark brown medianstripe,very narrowin front, widened posteriorlyand more or less divided by acapillary pale vitta that is broadestbefore the suture, lateralpraescutalbordersindistinctlydarkened;scutallobesdark brown,
central part very broadly pale yellow, this continuedonto thescutellum,the latter dusky posteriorly; mediotergitebrownish
black, sparselypruinose,anterolateralparts paler. Pleura andpleurotergiteobscureyellow,in caseswith a moreor lessdistinct
narrow darker brown longitudinalstripe, beginningon cervicalregionimmediatelyabovethe fore coxae,most distincton ventral
ventralpleurotergiterestrictedlydarkened;in someanepisternum,
specimens,including the allotype, the dark pleural stripe islacking or virtually so. Halteres yellow, base of knob moredarkened.Legs with coxae and trochantersyellow, fore coxae
weakly infuscated,remainderof legs black; claws long, eachwith severaldenticles,outermostlargest.Wings with the groundpale yellow, more saturatedin the prearcular,costaland stigmal
dark brown spottedand dotted pattern,regions;a conspicuouswith major areas in basesof cells R and M, origin of Rs andthe stigma,the last restrictedto seamsalong the veins; narrow

Studia Ent., vol. 13, fasc. 14, novembro 1970

but conspicuousborders along cord and outer end of cell /sf
Mzi scatteredbrown dots in virtually all cells, some becoming
more or less confluentto form larger areas,especiallyas marginal
marks in the cubital and anal cellsI veins yellow, dark brownin the patterned fields. Venation: Sct ending a short distance
beforefork of Rs, Sc2 somedistancefrom its tip, Sc1 being about
equal to basal sectionof Rn-s; f ree tip of Scr and Rz subequal
and in transversealignment;cell l st M2 elongate,m about onehalf the basal sectionof Ms, the cell subequalin length to distal
section of vein M t-r; m-cu longer than distal section of Crr,close to the fork of M; vein 2nd A sinuous, the cell relatively
narrow.
Abdomen yellow, in cases more obscure,posterior bordersof tergites narrowly more darkened; hypopygium yellow. Male
hypopygium as in the subgenus;tergite with posterior borderconvexly rounded. Ventral dististyle with an elongate accessory
f leshy lobe in the notch of the base of the rostral prolongation,
its tip with several long setae; rostral spines two, long andstraight, from a small common tubercleat base of prolongation.
Habitat: DemocraticRepublicof Congo.
Holotype, 6 , Eala, November 1936 (J. Ghesqui€re);No.
1 d, I 9.
3186.Allotopotype,9. Paratopotypes,
The subgenus Af rolimonia Alexander was defined in f965 (tnMadagascarpaper cited in the introduction)where the numerousAfrican
specieswere listed. The present fly is closestto speciessuch as Limonia(Afrolimonia) ditior Alexander and L. (4.) rhanteria (Alexander), differing evidently in the uniformly blackenedlegs. As indicated in thepaper cited the subgenusincludes some very large specieswith othersof mediumto small size and with the wings ranging from heavily patternedto quite unmarked,and with the various speciesshowing a great varietyof patterns of the legs.

12. Limonia (Atypophthalmus) patrita sp. n.
Size small (wing of male less than 4.5 mm.); general coloration ofthorax obscure yellow, pleura with a dorsal brown longitudinal stripe;
halteresunusually long; legs obscureyellow, claws apparently untoothed;wings pale brown, stigma slightly darker, short-oval, S.., ending about
oppositeone-third Rs, cell Ist Mr. large, subequalin length to vein Mr-z
beyond it; male hypopygium with ventromesal lobe of basistyle large,
apex pointed, at base with a smaller accessorylobule; a single complex
dististyle, rostral prolongation a strongly curved sclerotized hook, withtwo elongate spinoid setae before apex, other lobes and spines on faceof style at base of prolongation.

268

Alexander,A f r i c a nc r a n ef l i e s

M a l e. T Length,,about4 mm.; Wing,4.3 mm. Headlacking
in uniquetype.Pronotumbrown.Mesonotuin
chiefly,qltinyobscureyellow, vagueiy patternedwith darker, including the priescutal
borders. Pleura similarly pale with a medium b.rown dorsal
longitudinalstripe extending from cervical region to base of
abdomen.
Halteresuhusuallylong,stempalebrown,basebrighter,knob infuscaled. Legs with io*a. and trochantersy.llo*;
remainderof iegsobscirre,
yellow,including.t4rsi;
clawsapparently
untoothed.
Wings (Fig. t8) with a pale brown tinfue,the shortoval stigma slightly ddrker; veins pale brown. Venation: Sc
moderatelylong, Scr ending about'oppositeone-thirdRs, Sc2
near its tipi Rs elongate,about one-thirdlongerthan Rz-g; f ree
tip of Sc2and R2 pale,in approximatetransversealignment;cellI st M2 large,rectangular,
subequalin lengthto vein Mr-z beyond
it; m-cu closeto fork' of M; Anal veins convergentbasally.
Abdomenincludinghypopygiumdark brown, the incisures
somewhatpaler.Male hypopygium(Fig. 23) with tergite,t, notclearlydiscernible
in the uniquetype,transverse,
posteriorborderapparentlygentty convex, not emarginate.Basistyle,b, withventromesallobe elongate,narrowed gradually to the nearlypointedapex,with long coarsesetae,thoseat tip much smaller,
terminatingin [rairlikepgints,.at baseof major lobewith a smaller
lobule.A singlecorfrllexdististyle,d, with the main body longoval, dark in color; rostral prolongationa large stronglycurved
sclerotized
hook,narrowedgraduallyinto a slenderapical'spine,
before fPex with two large powerful setaeor setoidspinesthat
presumablyfePresentthe usualrostral spines;at baseof rostiumwith an erectspinouspoint; furtheroutgrowthsat baseof rostrum
inc'ludinga bloadly flattened'lobe that bears eight or ninq longstrong setae and with a low dusky lobe at nearly the same
position. Gonapophysis,& with mesal-apicallobe unusuallystrong, the blackenedtip bent strongly laterad.Aedeagusnarrowed before the vqJy weakly UjtgtS{,ape{.
Habitat: DemocraticRepublicof Congo.
Holgtyp.,'d , Eala,'May 21,' 1935 (J. Ghegquidre),
Atypophtialmus Brunetti was proppsed
in l9l I as a .genus but-ofpresentlyis maintainedas a subgenus Limonid Meigen. A'tiscussionof the group, with a listing of the numero,u,q
4frican speciespresently
kppyT, h$ been provided by the' wr.iter (in Madagascar papel, 1965,
provided,in tle !4troduction to the present leport). The fly is,welldistinguished by the. hypopygial structure, the most similar spbiies
apparently being Limi.onia(Atypophthalmus) fuscopteuri (Alexandir).

Studia Ent., vol. 13, fasc. l-4,' novembro1970

269

13. Limonia (Atypophthalmus)polypogon sp. n.
'

Ceneralcolorationof thorax reddishbrown, praescutumwith'a .broadcentral darker stripe; antennaeof male relatively,long; ,wings.weakly
tinged with bro.wg,stigma slightly darker; male hypopygiumunusuallycomplex,tergite large, mesal face of basistyldprbduced into two lobes,iphallosomelarge, the aedeagusbroad. i

M a I e.
Length, about 6-6.5 mm.; wing, 6.5-7 mm.;
antenna,about l;8-2.mm,.Rostrum.and p,alpidark brown. Antennae of male long, if bent backwardextendingto base of halteror shortly' beyond; f lagellar segments cylindrical; abruptly
constrictedto form short glabrousnecks,with sparseshort'verticils
and a dense white pubescence.Front and vertex immediately
behind the antennalbases silvery, anterior vertex very narrow,lessthan the diameter,of a singlerow of ,ommatidia;headbehindgray, center of posteriorvertex extensivelydarkened.
Pronotum small, brown. Mesonotumreddish brown, the'lobespraesiutum with a broad central darker stripe, scutal
Pleurabrownishyellow,cleareryellowbeneath.Halteres
darkened.
infuscated,baseof stemyellowed.Legswith coxaeand trochanters
yellow, remainder,of legs medium brown; claws of male ,witha slenderappressed
spine at near midlengthand.a secondmore
divergentone near base. Wings ( Fig. l9) weakly.tinged withbrown, stigma small, oval, slightly darker brown; veins brown,with conspicuoustrichia. Venation:Sc long, Sc, ending a shortdistancebeforefork of Rs, Sc2 near its tip; free tip of Sc2 before
level of Rz; cell I st M 2 relativelysrnall, much shorter than vein
MEi m-cu at or shortly beyondfork of M.
Abdomendark brown, basal sternitesmore yellowed;hypopygiuniwith dististylessligirtly paler.Male hypopygium(Fig. 24)
with tergite,t, verylarge,only slightlylongerthan broad,posterior'so,border strongly rounded,cephalicmargin lessboth margins
heavily thickened and darkened,seiae moderatelynumerous,
restrictedto posteriorthird of plate, lateral angles produced.
'on
Basistyle,b, with two lcjbes
mesal face, basal one eiongate,
producedcephaladas a long darkenedappendage,the inner
margin with microscopictubercles,cairdalertd with a group oflong yellow setae;secondlobe smaller,slender,more distal in
position,apex with about four very large setae.DiStistyle,d, twobranched,includinga long curvedouter arm, its tip microbcopically' bidentate,and a very srirallcylindricallobe wiih severalsetae,
the longest approximatetyone-half the lobe ftself. Pirallosome,'gonapophysesp, veiy- large' and .orpi.*;lying lhterally, eachAlexander,A f r j c a nc r a n ef l i e snarrowedinto a terminal spine; what appearsto representa
modificationof the proctigerlies just mesadof the apophysisand
may actuallybe a part of this, appearingas a large lobe, theouterface near apexwith a densebrush of very long wavy setae'
muchshorterbristles;aedeagus
the innerlobulewith corresponding
lobes'
to form two conspicuousvery large,broad,apexemarginate
Habitat: Tanzania.
Holotype,i, LupembeBer$,MatengoHighlands,1,800-2,000
2 I 6.
meters,Januaryl7-2O,1936 (zetny). Paratopotypes,
wasA recent discussionof the African species of Atypophthalmus
may be consulted'The present-r.gion"lgiven under tfre piecedingdescription,and
speciei in the structure of the
fly differs from all known
hypopygium.

14. Limonia (Tricholimonia) zernyanaAlexander
L i m o n i a z e r n y a n aA l e x a n d e r ; R u w e n z o r l E x p e d l t t o n 1 9 3 4 - 3 5 ,key);1956.

l,no' 7:205(inAllied to edwardsi,'head above silvery gray, posterior vertex with avelvety black line on either side; mesonbtal praescutumyellorv rvith..abroad black central stripe, constricted in front, lateral -margins broadly
pale; scutellum silvery'*hit., posterior margin broadly black; pleuraon cephalic edge of -mesoir.ffo* with a narrow transveise btact stripe
pt.oru, not involving the sternopleurite;legs black, baseg of fore femora
half, cells beyond th9 cord
|ellow; wings yel6w on aboui the basal
Oarter, .tp"Ei"tty the broad margin; stigma and seamsat cord and outerstigml with abundanttrichia; abdomen
end of cell Ist M, darker brownl'(rernainder
broken in availablematerial)with basal tour-se?mentsorange

wing about 16 mm. Rostrum and palpi black. Antennae
with scape and pedicel black; flagellum broken. Head silvery
gray on f ront, this continuedcaudad to the occiput, becoming
more narrowed behind, on posterior vertex bordered on eitherside by a broad velvety black stripe; anterior vertex narrowed
behind, at narrowestpoint only a little wider than the diameterof the scaPe; genae gray Pruinose.
Pronotum blackenedmedially, sides broadly yellow- Mesonotal praescutumyellow with a broad black central stripe, inf ront constrictedby the ground color reducing the dark color toa narrow line; laieral stripes deep orange anteriorly, posterior
half more blackened;scutumpale medially,lobesblack on anteriorhalf, the sidesmore narrowly blackened,enclosinga large yellow
area on posterior half of each lobe, central area and base of
scutellum silvery white, posterior margin of the latter broadly
black; postnotum light yellow pollinose on anterior half, more
reddenedbehind.pleura yellow, with a narrow transverseline ofblack on cephalicedge of mesopleura,not including the sterno-Studia Ent., vol. 13, fasc. 14, novembro lg70

271

pleurite. Halteres destroyedin type. Legs with all coxae andtrochanters
yellow;fore femorablack,with aboutthe basalfourthyellow; middleand hind femoraand remainderof all legs black.
Wingsyellowon aboutthe basalhalf, includingthe moresaturated
prearcularand costal fields; cells beyond cord more brownish
yellow; a darker b_rownpattern includesthe stigma and broad
seamsat origin of Rs, cord, outerend of cell I st M2 and in outerends of radial and mediarf ields, ceils cu, /sf i and 2nd A;
veins yellow in the ground areas, infuscatedin the patterned
f ields.stigma large,oval, with very numeroustrichia.venation:
sc relatively
long, s., ending shorfly beyond fork of Rs, s.,near its tip; Rs relativelyshort, auout as long as cell /sf M;,
the latter subequalin length to the distal sectionof vein M
r-r;free tip of s., short, almost in transversealignmentwith Rz;
outer third of radial branchesstrongly decurved;m-cu close
to fork of M.
Abdomenbadly damagedby insect pests, only the proximal
f our segmentsremaining,these intensely orange.
Habitat: Tanzania.
Holotype, S_e1?,Ugano, Matengo Highlands, wsw ofsongea, I ,500-I ,200 meters,Decembeil - 10, l g35 (zerny).
I dedicated.this attractive fty to Dr. Hanns
Zerny, distinguishedentomologistand collectorin many parts of theworld. The most similarof the presently
membersoi
thesubgenus
is Limonia (Tricho. \nownlimonia) edward-si,(Alexanderi
which differs-ln conspicuously
in the colorationof the body uTd wings. The rpu.i.r
ilt.' subgenus Tricholimonia
Alexander have b-eenlisted in the'Madagascarpaperby the writer, 1965,
cited under the foregoing species.

15. Lirnonia harmonia Alexandert'tr:f;iAtexander;
Ruwenzori
Expedtttont934-30,l, no. 7z zo3 (in,SgETon'o

Generalcolorationof head and thorax yellow;
basal flagellar segments
bicolored, brownish bl.a.ck,bases white; tels
brown, outer fifth of tibiae
and the tarsi sTowY.Ihitei *ing. relatively longand narrow, deep fulvous,
without distinct*pllltn: slr_.6nding about
opposite two-thirds Rs, scocloseto its tip,ashortii.tun.u'b.y-""d
fork
,m-cu
of M; abdomenbrownisfr
yellow, ovipositor
with cerci very small and slender, strongly upcurved.

F e m a I e. - Length,about5.5 mm.; wing, g.4 mm.
Rostrumbrown; palpi brownish black. Antennaewith scape and pedicel
brownishblack; proximal flagellar segmentsbicolored,basal third
to half white, the rernainderbrownish black, the amount of palecolor gradually decreasingon outer segments, on the sixth
involving less than the proximal third, outer segmentsuniformly

272

Alixander,A f r i c a nc r a n ef l i e sbrownishblack; longestverticils unilaterallydistributbd,a single
one on eachsegmentand fully one-halflonger.Front,and cephalicparf of anterior vertex i'nfuschted,spaisely pruinose, remainderof hedd yellow; anterior vertex moderatelywide, eiceeding twice
the diameterof the scape.
Thorax, chiefly yellow, praescutumand, scutum variegatedby more reddish areas that are chiefly lateral; scutellumbroad,light yellow. PIeura and pleurotergitereddish yellow. Halteres
relativelylong, stempale, knob weakly darkened.Legs with co{1eand trochantersyellow; femora obscureyellow, outer third moredarkened; tibiae brown with about the outer f itth snowy white,tarsi white,the proximalthird of basitarsislightlymore infuscated;subclaws of femalesmall, with a single long and other_smaller
basal spines. Wipgs ( Fig. 20) relatively long and narrow'especiallybasally; ground color deep f ulvous,scarcelypatterned,
the oval stigma and extreme wing tip slightly darker than the
ground; veins pale brown. Venation: Scr ending about opposite
two-thirdsRs, Sc, close to its tip; Rs long, angulatedat origin;alignment;veins
free tip of Sc2 and Rz in approximatetransversO
Rs ancl R'n-unearly parallel to one another,deflectedoutwardly,
the latter ending at or just beyond the wing tip ; cell /sf Mz
rectangular,subequalto vein,Ms beyondit; m-cu about one-fifth
its length beyondfork of M ; Anal veinq near basesconvergent.
Abdomen brownish yellow, tergites vaguely patternedwith
clarker.Ovipositorwith lerci ver)f small and slqnder,strongly
endingbefore
upcurvedto the acutetips; hypovalvaebroad-based,
apicesof cerci.
Habitat: Rwanda.Holotype, I , Gitebe,Volcan Nyamuragira,Parc NationalAlbert,2,324 metets;June 14;26,1935 (De Witte).
In the absenceof the male sex I refrain from attemptingto assign
this speciesto a subgenus.Other regionalmembersof the genus having
white tarsi include Limonia bequaerti Alexander,L. bethae Alexander,
L. infausta Alexander, and L. metatarsalbaAlexander, the present fly
clifferingfrom all of these in the colorationof the bo4y, antennae,legs
and wiigs and in the shape of the last which are untrsuallylong qnd
narrow for membersof the genus.

16. Limonia (Dicranomyia) guillarmodanasp. n.
Allied to subionfusa;gqneralcolorationof thor,axlight yellow; rostrum
relativelylong, light yellow; head brownish yellow, gray pruinose;legs
obscureyello'w;wings brownishyellow,.prearcularand costalfields c'learer
yellow, stigma scarcelyevidEnt,vein Sc long; abdominaltergites weahly
infusqated,posterior borders narrowly. yellowed;'rostral spines of malehypopygium pale, long and straight.

Studia Ent.,.vol. 13, fas'c. 14, novembrblg?0279

M a I e.
Length,"'about 4,S-5 rilm:;.'wihg, 5.5.6 rim.;antenna,about 1.25-1.3mm. F e m a I e.
L.n!tn, abogt,6.6;
mm.; wing, 6'5 mm. Rostrum conspicuous,light, yellow, about
one-thirdthe remainderof head; palpi pale. Antennaewith scapeand pedicelyellow, f lagellum brownish yellow; basal f lagellar
segmentsshort-oval;''the' outiir ones more elongate,exceeding
their verticils. Head brownish yellow, gray pruinose; anteriorvertex.aboutequalin width to the greatestdiameterof the scape.
Thorax, light yellow, virtually unpatterned;pronotum andpraesc'ulumwith sparseblack setae.Halteresshort, stem yellow,
knob dark brown. Legs with coxaeand trochanterslight yellow,
remainingsegmentsobscureyellow,outer tarsal segmentsdarker;
claws long and nearly straight,?t basewith a concentrationoftwo long spinesand other smallerspinulesand denticles.Wings(Fig.21) brownishyellow, prearcularand costalfields clearer
yellow;stigmashort-oval,scarcelydarker than the ground;veins
light brown,moreyellowedin the brightenedfields.Macrotrichia
on veinsbeyondgenerallevel of origin of Rs, with a few at ends
of both Anal veins.Venation:Sc relativelylong,Sc1endingabout
oppositetwo-fifthsRs,.Sc2 near its tip; cell Isf Mz rectangular,
longer than vein Ms beyond it.
'popterior tboral'is
Abdbminal tergites weakly. infuscaled,'hypopygium
broadtyyellowed,sternitesaird
more uniformlyyelIow. Ovipositorwith cerci slender,shorter than the ldng straighthypovalvae,
the latter blackenedat basgs.,
Male,hypoqygium(Fig.
-shallowly25) with tergite, t, relatively long, liosterior,borderemarginate,marginsthickened;cephalicbdrderstronglyproduced
into an obtusepoint, lateral ends of plate elongate.Basistyle,b, with apex blackened,glabrous;ventromesallobe simple,base'moderately
membranous;apical third withlong setae. Dorsal
dististyle,d, stronglycurved,narrorvedat near midlength,thence
extendedinto a long straight point; ventral style smaller thanthe basistyle,rostral prolongationrelativelystout, with two long
pale spines placed close together near base of prolongation.
Gonapophysis,g, with mesal-apicallobe straight, blackened,tip'conspicuously
narrowlyobtuse.Aedeagus,
a, slender,apex
bilobed.
Habitat: Basutoland. Holotype, 6 , Mamalapi Mountain,
Allotopotype, 9 .
January 20, 1957 (Amy Jacot-Guillarmod).
P a r a t o p o t y p e sd, 6g .
r8

Alexander,

274

A f r i c a nc r a n ef l i e s

The species is dedicated to the collector. The most similar species
are Limonia (Dicranomyia) peringueyi (Alexander) and L. (D.) subconfusa
Alexander, distingttishedby the coloration and, especially,the hypopygial
structure, including the tergite, dististyles and gonapophyses.

17. Dicranoptycha matengoensiEsp. n.
Size medium (wing [l-12 mm.); general coloration fulvous, abdomen'maleolwith a broad subterminaldarkened ring; femora yellow, tips
narrowly brownish black; wings fulvous; male hypopygium with outerdististyle broadly expanded on about the basal half, thence suddenly
narrowed into a spine, inner dististyle bent at an apgle at near midlength.

Length, about 10-10.5mm.; wing, I l-l 1.5 mm.
F e m a I e. - Length, about 12-13 fnm.; wiirg, 12 mm.

M a le.

Rostrum orange; palpi brownish black, basal segmentpale.'
Antennaewith scape and lower face of pedicel brownish blaek,remainderobscureyellow, outerflagellar segmentsmore testaceous.
Head chestnut brown to darker brown, with long erect setae.
Thoracic dorsum f ulvous, polished, pleura somewhat moreyellowed.Halterespale, knob weakly infuscated.Legs wfth coxae
fulvous; the trochanters yellow; the femora yellow, tips narrorvly brownish black; tibiae and basitarsiyellow, tips still morenarrowly infuscated,outer tarsal segmentsbrownish black; scale
like setaevery long and narrow as comparedwith allied species,
poorly differentiated f ronr the normal bristles. Wings fulvous,
prearcular and costal fields slightly more saturated,,stigma notdifferentiatedI veins yellowish brown to pale brown. Venation:
Basal sectionof Rn-s arcuated,Mr-z less so; m-cu at or before
midlengthof cell /sf M2.
Abdominal tergites fulvous, sternitesmore yellowed, in malesegmentssix to eight dark brown to form a broad ring, thislacking in female; hypopygium orange. Ovipositor with cerci
very slender, gently upcurved, hypovalvae stouter and morenearly straight. Male hypopygium (Fig. 33) with basistyle, b,
short and stout, mesal lobe denselyprovided with long delicate
setae. Outer dististyle, d, broadly expandedon about the basal
half, thence abruptly narrowed into a slenderspinelikebeak, thedecurved tip acute; inner style narrowed and bdnt at a righi
angle shortly beyond midlength, apex obtuse to subtruncate.
Gonapophysis,g, a curved pale blade. Aedeagus transversely
expanded.
Habitat:. Tanzania.

Studia Ent., vol- 13, fasc. 14, novembro1970

zTs

Holotype,d, Ugano,MatengoHighlands,t,500-1,700
meters,February2l-29, 1936 (Zerny). Allotopotype,9 . Pgr4topotypes,
3 6 9 , February2l-29, March ll-20, 1936 (Zerny).
The species is most similar to certain species in jlladagascar, a's
Dicranoptychaspinigera Alexander and D. verticillafa Alexander,differing
oonspicuouslyin hypopygial structure.

18. Dicranoptycha stuckenbergisp. n.
Generalcolorationof thorax fulvous; legs black; wings light yellow,
costal border narrowly dark brown, cell Me open by atrophy of basal
section of Mr; abdomencinnamon brown wittr a narrow blackenedsubterminal ringj malE hypopygiumwith tergite terminatingin two slenderwidely separated lobes, outer dististyJeslender, blackened.

M a I e.
Length, about 9.5-10.5 mm.; wing, 10.5-l1.5
mm. Rostrum and palpi black. Antennae black, scape morepruinose,relatively short, f lagellar segmentslong-oval, subequal
to their verticils. Head dark brownish gray; anterior vertex
relatively broad, about three times the diameter of scape.
Thorax fulvous,virtually unpatterned;mesonotalsetaesparse
but long on praescutumand scutum,much shorter on scutellum,
lacking on postnotum.Halteresobscureyellow. Legs with coxae
f ulvous, trochanters more yellowed; remainder of legs black;vestitureappressedand relativelyinconspibuous,
without modified
interpolatedscales.Wings ( Fig. 26) light yellow, costal bordernarrowly dark brown, including cell C, beyond vein Sc slightly
more extensive,encroachingon cell Rr, ending at Rsi posteriorbordersof Anal cellsvaguelydarkened;veins of darkenedportions
brown, the remainderyello*, inconspicuousagainst the ground;fold from vein I st A in cell Cu white, conspicuous.Costal fringeof male short; veins of outer two-thirds of wing with trichia,
abundanton the thickenedouter part of vein Rr i relatively few
trichia at ends of each Anal vein. Venation: Branches of Rs
generallyparallelto one another,decurvedat outer ends,especially Rr; cell M2 openby atrophy of basal sectionof Mr; m-cu morethan its own length beyond fork of M.
Abdomen elongate,cinnamon brown, subterminalsegments
blackenedto form a narrow ring, hypopygium more yellowedMale hypopygium (Fig.34) with posterior border of tergite,t, produced caudad into two slender lobes that are tipped withseveral long set'ae,separatedby a broad U-shaped notch. Outerdististyle, d, unusually slender, black, nearly straight, tip nar-rowed and bent at a right angle into a short spine,lower facen6

A l e x a , r d e r , A f r i c a nc r a n ef l i e s

before apex with microscopicdenticles;inner style stouter andslightly longer, apex obtuse.Conapophysis,g, a slendergently
curvedpale rod, tip obtuse,at basewith an oval lobe.Phallosome,p, a compactmass,the major elementoval, the apex rounded.
'
Habitat:' Republicof South Africa.
.'
Holotype,6 , Gardenof Eden Forest,KnysnaDistrict, East
Cape Province,October 10, I 959 ( Brian and PamelaStuckenberg). Paratopotypes,? d d and three additional broken
sRSci,mens.
:

This very distinct fly is dedicatedto Brian Stuckenberg,distinguishedsfudent of the Diptera, who has added greatly to our knowledgeof thecrane flies of South Africa. It is very different from the only otherspecies presently known from South Africa, Dicranoptycha natalia
Alexander.The only other regional member of the genus with cell M,of the wings .open-is D. confluensAlexander,of Nyasaland,which ha6
the thorax differently colored and with the wing pattern. distinctive,
fulvous brown with the costal border yellowed.

Hexatomini

19. Limnophila (Afrolimnophila) antimena sp. n.
Generalcolorationdark brown, praescutumwith a delicateblackened
central stripe; femora dark brown, tibiae and tarsi paler brown; wings
yellowish brown, sparselypatternedwith darker brown, cell Ro virtuaiiysessile; male hypopygium with the outer dististyle glabrouS, slighly
curved, with a small lateral tubercle before apex.

/tl a I e.
Length,about l0 mm.; wing, l0 mm.; antenna,
abbut I .9 mm. Rostrumblack, sparselypruinos.; palpi black.
Antennaebrownishblack, scapesparselypruinose,pedicelmore
infuscatedat base; scapecylindrical,longer than the following
two segmentscombined;first flagellarsegmentnarrowedat base,broadenedoutwardly, lower face a trifle produced,succeeding
two or threesegments
smallerbut enlargedand producedbeneath,separatedfrom one anotherby short apicalnecks;outersegments
passingthroughoval to subcylindricalf
verticilsof outersegments
long and conspicuous,of the more proximal segmentsshorterand less conspicuous,these with their expandedsurfaces witha denseiwhitepubescence.
Head abovedull black, with a sparseyellow bloom that is most evident laterally; anterior vertex
relativelybroad, nearlyfour times the diameterof scape,behind
the antennaeat narrowestpart of vertex with a small circular
pit; . head narrowedbehind.'Studia Ent., vol. 13, fasc. 14, novembro1970

277

Pronotum massive,dark brown. Mesonotumdark brown,
sparselypollinose,praescutumwith a delicateblackenedcentral
stripe that is narrowed behind, scarcelyreaching the suture;elongate,
tuberculatepits lacking,pseudosutural
foveaetransverse,
narrowly blackened.Pleuta dark brown, dorsopleuralmembranedusky.Halteresdark brown, base of stem narrowlyyellow. Legs
with coxae dark brown, sparsely pruinose; trochantersreddish
brown; femora-darkbrown, extremebasevaguelymore brightened,
tibiae and tarsi paler brown; tibial spurs gently sinuousespeciallynear tips. Wings (Fig.27) yellowishbrown, sparselypatternedwith darker brown, including a narrow seam at cord and more
restricted areas at origin of Rs, outer end of cell /sf Mr, forkof Mr-r, and as marginal spots at ends of veins Rr, R+ andpaler on veins Ms to 2nd A; prearcular field and costal bordermore saturatedthan remainderof ground; veins yellowishbrown,darkenedin the patternedareas.Venation: h oblique;Scr longer
than Scr, ending a short distancebeforefork of Rs; Rt-, slightly
shorterthan Rz; cell R3 virtually sessile,vein Rz-s-Ebeing reduced
to a punctiformelement;inner ends of cells Rn, Rs and /sf Mz
in virtual transversealignment; cell M I longer than its petiole;m-cu just beyond midlength of cell I st Mzi anterior arculus
present.
Abdomen, including hypopygium,dark brown or brownish
black. Male hypopygium ( Fig. 35) with posterior border oftergite,f, truncate.Basistyle,b, stout. Outer dististyle,d, glabrous,
apex slightly curved, blackened,narrowed to an acute spine, atthe bend with a very small lateral point or tubercle
I inner styleunusually stout, weakly bilobed at apex, disk with abundant
long dark setae. Aedeagus, e, elongate, basal three-fourths
straight, narrowed apex recurved.Gonapophysisan elongatepale
blade. Proctiger pale and membranous,with delicatesetulae.
Habitat: Parc National Albert. Holotype, 6 , Kamatembe,
R i v i e r e B i s h a k i s h a k i , 2 , l 0 Om e t e r s ,J a n u a r y 7 - 2 3 , 1 9 3 5 ( D e
Witte); No. 1039.
The most similar regional speciesinclude Limnophila (Afrolimnophila)
abyssinica Alexander, L. (A.) antimenoides Alexander, and L. (4.)
vansomereni Alexander, all being distinguished among themselves incoloration of the body, legs and wings, and in hypopygial structure.

20. Limnophila (Afrotimnophila) ghesquierei sp. n.
General coloration of body and appendagesdark brown, brownish
black to black; wings broad, strongly tinged with brown, more saturated
in the prearcular and costal fields and in cell Znd A, remainder of wing2t8

A l e x a n d e r , A f r i c a ncrane flies

with darker seamsover cord, outer end of cell /sf Mr, and at ends oflongitudinal veins; ovipositor and genital segment oT female obscureorange to yellow.

F e m a I e. - Length,about 7.5 mm.; wing, 7 mm. Rostrum
and palpi black. Antennaewith scapeand pedicelbrown, flagelIum brownish black; f lagellar segmentsoval to long-oval withvery long conspicuousverticils; terminal segment longer thanthe penultimate,Head black, heavily brown pollinose; anteriorvertex broad, exceedingf our times the diameter of scape.
Thorax almost unifomrly dark brown, mesonotumsomewhat
darker, without pattern; setae of praescutalinterspacesblack,
erect. Halteres and legs unitormly black; legs relatively short,hairy. Wings (Fig. 28) broad,stronglytingedwith
conspicuously
brown, more saturated in the prearcular and costal f ields andin cell 2nd A; still darker brown clouds at ends of veins Scr,
Rr-2, R, anclRg, along cord and outer end of cell I st M2; paler'brownseams over M, 2nd A, and as marginal spots at ends ofveins M2 to 2nd A inclusive;veins brown, slightly darker in thepatternedareas.Venation:Sc moderatelylong,Sc1endinga shortdistancebefore fork of Rs, Sc, near its tip; Rs long and nearlystraight, subequalin length to the upper radial branch,cell Rgvery short-petiolateto virtually sessile,nearly as long as cell
R+i inner ends of cells Rn, Rr and /sf Mz in oblique to nearlytransversealignment;cell M1 nearlytwice its petiole;cell Ist M2
to hexagonal
short- subrectangular; m-cu'about its own length
beyonclfork of M, subequalto distal sectionof Cur,; cell 2nd A
relatively narrow.
Abdomen black, genital shield obscure orange; valves ofovipositorhorn-yellow;cerci long and slender,gently upcurved.
Habitat: DemocraticRePublicof Congo.
Holotype, 9 , Eala, JulY 1935 (J. Ghesquidre).
The speciesis named for the collector, Jeal Ch-esquitre,whg- -h"'collectednumerousinsectsfor the BelgianMus€eRoyal since 1919.While
being generally similar to speciessuch as Limnophila (Afrolimnophita)
antihena sp. ;., and allies tisted under the last discussedspecies,thepi"i"nt fly'differs in many details of colorationof the body, legs andand suggeststhe
wings- The darkenedwing pattern is greatly 'reduce_d
cnndition found in the subginus Elporiomyia Alexander ( 19il) but fromthe structureof the oviposiiorthe piesent fly belongsto Afrolimnophila.

Stuclia Ent.; vol. 13, fasc. l-4, novembro 1970

279

21. Pilaria chionomeraAlexander
Pilaria chlonomera Alexander; Ruwenzorl Expedltlon 1934-35, l,key); 1956.

tro. 7:293(inGeneral coloration light yellowish brown, pleura more yellowed;
antennae relatively long, flagellar segments lvitlt conspicuousverticils;
legs brown, outer tarsal segmentschiefly white; wings with a strong
brownish tinge, stigma oval, darker brown, with abundant trichia; cell
ML longer than its petiole; m-cu at or beyond midlengthof cell Ist Mr.

F e m a I e. - Length,about 7.5 mm.; wing, 6.8 mm.; antentrr, about 2.8 mm. Rostrum short, light yellow; palpi brown.
Antennaerelatively long for this sex, indicating an even longer
organ in the male; scape yellow, pedicel and f lagellum brown;
flagellar segments long-cylindrical, verticils very long, approximately twice the segments,unilaterally distributed, with
scatteredshorter verticils that are subequalto the segments,andstill more numerousshort setaethat are curved at tips, together
with a still shorter vestiture of pale appressedsetulae. Headshiny light brown; anterior vertex broad, nearly four times thediarneterof scape.
Thoracic dorsum shiny light brown or yellowish brown, thepleura still more yellowed, scutellumslightly darker. Halteresbrownishblack, base of stem restrictedlyyellow- Legs with coxae
and trochantersyellow; a single leg (posterior) remains, dark
brorvn, outer third of basitarsusand tarsal segmentstwo andthree white, outer tarsal, segmentsinfuscated; tibial spurs apparently lacking. Wings (Fig. 29) strongly tinged with brown,
the basal fourth somewhatpaler; stigma long-oval,darker brown,with abundant trichia as in the genus; veins brown. Venation:
Sc relativelyshort, Sc1 about oppositethree-fourthsto four-fifths
Rs, Sc2 near its tip; Rz oblique,subequalto Rz-ai Rz-s-e nearly
three times the basal sectionof Rr i inner ends of cells Rr, Rs
and Ist M2 in approximatetransversealignment;cell lI1 present,
longer than its petiole; m-cu at or beyond midlengthof lower
face of cell I st M2; cell 2nd.A relativelylong and narrow.
Abdominal tergites light brown, sternites somewhat paler,subterminaltergites dark brown; ovipositor with genital shieldobscure yellow basally, tips infuscated; valves elongate, cerci
darkenedbasally, outwardly paling to horn yellow, gentl! upcurved.
Habitat: DemocraticRepublicof Congo.
Holotype, 9, Eala, July 1935 (J. Chesquitre).

A l e x a n d e r , A f r i c a nc r a n ef l i e sComparisons with the' related regipnal species, Pilaria brevitarsis
Alexander, P. brevivena Alexander, and P. subalbipes Alexander, havebeen given in the Alexander 1956 report cited in the introduction to thepresent paper.

_.

22, Hexatoma (Parahexatoma)beieri SP. 11.

Size large (wing' of male over 12 mm.); general colorationof body,antennae,halteresand legs brownishblack to black; wings with Sc long,
Sr, ending beyond fork of Rg; Rz beyond fork of Rz-s-E, a short Rr-s
being preserved.
i

M a I e.
Length, about 12-13 mm.; wing, 12.5-13mm.;
antenna,about I .5-I ,6 mm. Rostrum and palpi black. Antennaeof male 7-segmented;scape and pedicel brownish black, f lagellum black, terminal segmentvery short, the segmentswith very
long verticils. Head brownish black, anterior vertex dark brown,with a conspicuoustubercle that is directed cephalad,at end
divided into two small divergent knobs.
Thorax brownishblack, praescutumsubnitidous.Halteresandlegs black. Wings ( Fig. 30) strongly sutfused with blackish,costalborder and a seamover Rs still darker; veinsbrown. Veins
beyondcord with abundanttrichia. Venation: Rs very longi Rz
beyond fork of Rz-s-E,a short elementRz-s being preserved;
m-cu at or just beyond fork of M.
Abdomen elongate,brownish black.
Habitat: Tanzania.
Holotype,d , Ugano,MatengoHighlands,1,500-1,700nteters,
March ll-2D, 1936 (Zerny). Paratopotypes,2 broken I 6 .
The speciesis named in honor of Dr. Max Beier. It is the first
representativeof the subgenus ParahexatomaAlexander to be recorded
from the African mainland. The fly is quite distinct from the rather
numerousmembers of the subgenusknown from Madagascarand the
Seychelles,as in the venation, with vein Ro lying beyond the fork of
Rz-s-n, the previously describedspecieshaiing vein Rz some distance
before the fork, preservinga long element Rs-+.

23. Hexatoma (Eriocera) commutabilisaurantiiventrissubsp. 11.
Length,about 13 mm.; wing, 12 mm.; antenna,
M a I e.
about 2.2 mm.
F e m a le. - Length,about 15-17mfn.;wing, 13-15.5mm.
Very similar to typical commutabilis,differing chiefly indetails of coloration.Thorax almost uniformly light brown,
posteriorscleritesof notum and the pleurascarcelybrighterthan
the praescutum.
Abdomenof both sexesalmostuniformlyorange,

Studia.Ent.;.vol. 13, fasc. l-4, novembro 1970

281

lateral-bordersvery narrowly and indistinctly darkened,.third
sternite'witha more or ,lessdisiinct darkenedcloudTypical commutabilr's
Alexander,from Nigeria,was described
as a subspeciesof leonensisAlexander,but now is believedto
representa valid species.
Ftrabitat:DemocraticRepublicof Congo.
Holotype,6, Eala,July 1935 (J. Ghesquiire).Allotopotype,I . Paratopotype,9 , July 16, 1935.
24. Elephantomyia(Elephantomyia) argentipleurasp. n.
General coloration brown, thoracic pleura with two conspicuous
longitudinal silvery stripes; femora brownish yellow, tips graduallydarkened;wings weakly tinged with brown, patternedwith darker brown,
without arcular darkening; abdomen dark brown, lateral margins narrowly silvery; male hypopygiumobscureyellow; outer dististylebidentate;phallosomewith gonapophyses
flattened,their mesal-apicallobes narrowed
and produced

M a I e.
Length, excluding rostrum, about 6-6.5 mm.;wing, 6.5-7.5mm.; rostrum,about5.5 mm. F e m a le. - Length,
excludingrostrum, about 6.5-8.5 mm.; wing, 6-8 mm.; rostrum,
about 4-6.5 mm. Rostrum black, elongate,approximatelythreefourths the wing. Antennaebrownish black, basal fusion-segment
more blackened;verticils of outer segmentsvery long. Headbrown; anterior vertex about one-half wider than the diameterof scape.
Mesonotalpraescutumbrown, yellow pollinose,with three
more blackenedstripes; posteriorscleritesof notum dark brown,
central area of scutummore yellow pollinose.Pleura dark brown,
striped longitudinallywith silvery, including a dorsal line that
includesthe pronotumextendingto the wing root and a broader
more ventral stripe on dorsal sternopleuriteand metapleura.
Halteresobscureyellow. Legs with coxae obscureyellow, base offore pair narrowly darkened;trochantersbrownishyellow; femora
brownish yellow, tips gradually and narrowly more darkened;'legs
remainderofdark brown. Wings (Fig. 3l) weakly tinged
with brown, with darker brown seamsat origin of Rs, cord, andouter end of cell /sf Mzi paler brown clouds at wing tip andalong vein Cu in cell M; stigma long-oval, darker brown; noarcular darkening;veins light brown. Venation: Cell I st M2 longrectangular, about twice as long as wide; m-cu beyond forkof M, in casesto fully its own length; cell 2nd A narrow.
Abdominaltergitesdark brown, narrowly borderedby silvery,

sternitespaler br,own;hypopygiumobscureyellow. Male hypo-In2Alexander,A f r i c a nc r a n el l i e sb, stout,mesalfacenearproximal
pygium(Fig.36) with basistyle,of strong setae,Dististyles,d, small,end with a concentration
tip bispinous'
flre outer aboutone-thirdthe lengthof the basistyle,half blackened'
axial spine stouter; inner style longer, outerapp, with lateralarms much resemblinginterbases'
Phallosome,g, with mesalpearingas long f lattenedblades; gonapophysis,
found
the
apicallobe,gently- curved,in shapesuggesting -conditionand narrow'in many speciesof Limonia,'aedeagusvery small
Habitat: Madagascar'
2,020meters,
Holotyp€,d,- Aniavidilava,Andringitra.Massif,
grfi (Stuckenberg).Allotopotype,I , pinneditl-it
January
8 d I'
with type. ParatoPotYPes,
T h e m o s t s i m i l a r r e g i o n a l s p e c i e s i n c l u d e E l e p hThea n t oformer
myia(ElephantohasAlexander'
isakanae.-\e:-)
andAiexandermyia) barda
the stigma; the latter has
the wings virtually unpattern"A'.*.tpt fordiffering.especiallyin thethe wing pattein much as in- ttte fresent fly,t ypopygialstructure,includingcolorationof the thoracicpleuru "ni in the
inner gonapophyses.
the longer ".cl"s"r uno'ttt" shape of the

25. Elephantomyia(Elephantomyia)laticincta sp. n'with aAllied to Isakana,'mesonotal praescutum cinnamon brorvn
brownishblaclidarker brown cenirat stripe; femora yellorv,tips narrowly
seamsover*ingr whitish yellow, paiternedwith brown, including broadin ma-lebrown, outer lateral angle-s"uniformly
the centrat veins; abdominal tergites
brown; male hypopyqiumwith
broadly orange, in female tot.
of phallosome
a.O.ugrs relativety long and slender; unpaired elementsinuous, apex slightly dilated and obtuse'

M a I e. - Lengtfu,excludingrostrum,about 7-8 mm'; wing,
Length,8-10 mm.; rostrum, about 6.5-7.3 mm. F e m a I e.
about
excludingrostrum, about 8 mm.; wing, 8 mm.; rostrum,
6 mm. Rostrumelongate,a little shorter than remainderof body'vertexdark brown. Antennaeblack. Head brownish gray; anteriorof nrale subequalin width to diameter of scape.
pronotum light cinnamonbrown. Mesonotalpraescutumcinnanlon brown with a darker,brown central stripe and vaguely
chietly
indicated sublateral areas; posterior sclerites of notum
paler'
dark brown, central region of scutum and the pleurotergites
Pleura chiefly grayish yellow, palest in the holotype' Halteresyellow. Legs with coxae and trochantersobscureyellow; femora
yellow, tips narrowly brownish black, more narrowly in the type;yellow,tibiae and tarsi light brown. wings (Fig. 32) whitish
patterned with brown, including broad seams at origin of Rs,
cord and outer end of cell lst M2; stigma brown; wing tip andStudia Ent., vol. 13, fasc. 14, novembro I 970

283

apical clouds in cells M4 and Cut paler brorvn; a brown seamalong vein Cu in a paratype,not presentin the type; veins brown,
thoseat basepaler. Costalfringe short. Venation: Anterior branchof Rs below the stigma gently sinuous,as in isakana,'cell I st M2
nearly as long as vein M t-z beyond it.
Abdominaltergitesin male conspicuouslypatterned,centrallywith a broad brown basal triangle, the point beltind, leaving
broad orange posterior lateral borders, eighth tergite more
uniformly darkened,sternitesand hypopygiumyellowed;in female
abdomen more uniforrnly brown. Male hypopygium (Fig.37)
with cephalicmesalaspectof basistyle,b, bearing a concentrationof strong black bristles and more abundant longer delicatepale
setae.Outer dististyle,d, unequallybidentate at apex' the axial
spine stouter; inner style with basal half enlarged,with strong
setae,outer end heavily blackened,with the usual two pairs ofsetae.Phallosome,p, with the aedeagusstraight, about twice aslong as the lateral apophysesor interbases;unpaired element
longer, the apex slightly dilated, obtuse; in isakana narrorved
to an acute point.
,Habitat: Madagascar.
Holotype,6 , Anjavidilav4AndringitraMassif,2,020 meters,
January 17-21, t958 (Stuckenberg).Allotopotype,9, January
I 1-14, 1958. Paratopotype,one & with allotype; paratype, 6 ,, throughAnkasoka,Route Sakato, December1956 ( Robinson)
PaulianElephantomyia(Elephantomyia)laticincta is closely related to E. (E.)
isakana Alexander, differing in the more evident wing pattern andespeciatlyin hypopygial structure, particularly the phallosome,including
both the aedeagusand apophYses.

Eriopterini'phaeosomus
sp. n.
26. Clydonodozus
Generalcolorationof body brownishblack to black; knob of halteresdark brown; femora black, bases obscure yellow, more conspicuously
so on fore pair, tibiae dark reddish brown; wings brownish yellow witha restricted dark brovn pattern.

Length, about l6 mm.; wing, 14.7 mm.
F e m a I e.
Rostrum and palpi black. Antennaeblack throughout; f lagellar
segmentssubcylindrical,outer ones becoming more slender andoutwardly attenuated, verticils elongate, especially of outer
segments.Head black, sparselyyellow pollinose; anterior vertex
broad, on lower surface eyes contiguous.

284

A l e x a n d e ' r , A f r i c a nc r a n ef l i e s

Pronotumsmall, brownish black mediallyabove,sidesyellow.
Mesonotum dark brown, sparsely yellow pollinose on humeralparts of praescutum,more pruinosebehind, heavily so on scutelIum and mediotergite.Pleura black, heavily pruionse,especiallyon pteropleuriteand on pleurotergites.Haltereswith stem yellow,
outer end and knob dark brown. I-egs with coxae dark brown,fore pair paler apically; trochantersyellow; femora black, obscureyellow basally, more conspicuouslyso on fore.legs where about
the basal third is clear yellow; tibiae dark reddish brown; tarsi
dark brown, passing into black outwardly. Wings (Fig.33)
brownish yellow, prearcularand costal fields more saturated,cell
Sc clearer yellow; a restricted dark brown pattern that includes
a small spot at origin of Rs and a narrow but virtually complete
seam over the cord, most intenseat stigmal region; a spot at
tip of vein R3 and a seamat outer end of cell Ist M2 dark brown;
very small to scarcelyevident darkeningsat h, on vein R midway
to origin of Rs and on Sc2; veins M, Cu and cbll 2nd A slightly
infuscated;veins brownish yellow, darker in the patternedareas.
Venation: Sc long, Sc, ending about opposite r-ffi, Sc, somedistance from its tip, at near two-thirds Rs, the latter nearlysquareat origini Rz-s-q virtually lacking, Rs arising just basadof Rz-s; cell M1 subequalto its petiole; m-cu at near two-thirds
the length of cell /sf Mzi outer third of vein 2nd A sinuous.
Abdomen brownish black, incisures of outer tergites very
narrowly obscureyellow, including the broader basal ring andextremeposteriorborder of the precedingsegment;genital shieldorange; valves of ovipositor elongate,horn-colored.
Habitat: Parc National Albert. Holotype, 9 , Kamatembe,
RiviereBishakishaki,2,100 meters,April 3-23, 1934 (De Witte);
No. 345.
The most similar speciesincludeClvdonodozusbrevicellulusAlexander,
C. neavei Alexander, C. pallidistigma Alexander, C. pulchripes Alexander,and C. stuckenbergi Alexander. Most of these species are discussedin
the author's Ruwenzori report, 1956, cited in the Introduction,where akey is given. A further striking new species has been described by
Lindner from Torino, East Africa, as Clydonodozusalexanderi (Stuttgarter
Beitriige an Naturkunde,No. 13: L6, fig. 2 (wing); 1958).

27. Limnophilomyiamatengoensbsp. n.
General coloration of mesonotumand pleura dark brown; antennaeof -male very long, nearly equal to the body; legs brown, tibiae dirty
white, tarsi snowy white; wings strongly tinged with brown, unpatterned,
cell M2 open by the atrophy of m; male hypopygium with the tergal

Studia Ent., vol. 13, fasc. 14, novembro1970285

lobes subtri3ngular in outline; dististyle elengate,ouh; third very slender;
aedeagusvery large and powerful, arcuated dorsally, with a small ventral
appendage at the bend.

mm.; antenna,
M a I e. - Length,about6 mm.; wing,6.6-6,,8
about 5.2-6 mm. Rostrumbrown; palpi black. Antennaeof malevery long, nearly equal to the body, dark brown; flagellarsegmentsvery long-cylindrical,
with abundantdenseerectsetaethat
are slightly longer than the diameterof the segment.Head darkbrown; anteriorvertex reducedto a very narrow strip.
Thoracicdorsumdark brown, slightly paler behind;humeral
region of praescutumrestrictedlyobscureyellow, dqrsal pleurotergite paler. Pleuradark brown. Haltereswith stem dusky,withknob infuscated.Legs with coxae medium brqwn; trochantersobscureyellow; femorabrown; tibiae dirty white, proximalends
slightly more obscured;tarsi snowy white. Wings (Fig. 39)
strongly tinged with brown, unpatterned;veins darker brown.
Venatioi: Sc, ending about oppositefork of Rt, Scz-near its
tip; Rz at or just befors the fork; cell M2 open by atrophyof 'm; m-cu variablein position,frorn just beforeto shortlybeyond
the fork of M.
Male hypoAbdomendark brown,includingthe hypopygium.
pygium (Fig. 45) with tergite, t, distinctive,posteriorborderproducedinto two subtriangularlobes that are separatedby anarrow notchl mesal parts of lobes with abundantsetulaeand
fewer long scatteredsetae,the lateral roundedanglesglabrousor virtually so. Basistyle,b, relativelystout, mesalface at basewith a low dusky lobe. Dististyle,d, elongate,proximal twothirds more broadened,outer end narrowed to a long slenderrod, tip slightly decurveci,at base of narrowedportion with astrong seta.Aedeagus,e, very large and powerful,at near midlength bent upward and with a small ventral appendzg€,apex
very obtuse.
Habitat: Tanzania.
. Holotype, 6 , LupembeBerg, Matengo Highlands,1,8002,000 meters,DecemberI l-2O, I 935 (Zerny). Paratopotype,I .
The genus Limnophilomyia Alexander has been discussedin somedetail in two reports cited by the writer in the introduction ( 1956:
335-338; 1964: 402405). The species most similar to the present fly
is Limnophilomyia niveipesAlexander, of Uganda, this differing especiallyin the coloration of the body and legs and in hypopygial structure,including the' tergite, dististyle and aedeagus.

Alexander,

286

A f r i c a nc r a n ef l i e sIAlexander
28. Teuchotabis (Euparatropesa)witteana
RuwenruriEspedltionle3{-35't',r:::"Y'i^G(r1"'t'ri3?tt'J*]vitteana Alexander;
pronotum' pretergites' lateral
General coloration polished black, thefemora.praescutalbordersand tte m.sonoi"t .iutellum vellow; halteresand
section of..li rii, o'"n 9.V "t?.,phy of basal branches-r,vpopigiu,
black; wings subhyaline,
or profoundvein Msi ,"ru,riiti ttriee distisiylis

of the same.

mm';
Length, about 5'5-5'7 mm'; win$' 5'8-6
M a I e.
- Length, about 6.8-7 mm';
antenna,about 1.7 rh. F e m a I e.
palpi brownishblack'wing, 6.3-6.5 mm. Rostrumpolishedblack;if bent backward
Antennae black throughouti relatively' long,lagellarsegmentslongextendingto shortly beyondthe wingroot; ftheir verticils' Headoval, subequalto or slightly shorter thanblack.
pretergites
Pronotum obscureyellow above, black laterally,yellow' Mesonotal
and lateral bordersof praescutummore orange
central part ofpraescutumand scutum black, sparselypruinose,and posterior angles
suture vaguely more reddened; scutellum
medially,pleurotergiteof scutal lobes yeilow, mediotergiteblack
exlensivelyyellow'
black ventrally, the suture separating thesebehind, dorsopleural
Pleura black, sparsely pruinose, especiallyLegs with coxae
membraneobscurey.llo*. Halteres blackened'slightly paler; femora
and trochantersblack, f ore trochanters
yellow, tips blackblack,basesvaguelybrightened;tibiae obscuresegmentsone to three'ened; tarsi black; claws simple; tarsal
on f lexor surface nearinclusive,each with strong spinoid setae
and costal region more
apex. wings (Fig. 40) siutryatine,basethe brightenedf ields'
yellowed; veins brown, tor. yellowed in
opposite three-fourthsto
Venation: Sc lon$, Scr ending aboutvein Rg oblique'four-fifths Rs, the latter lon$, nearly straight;of basal sectionof
shorter than Rr-r; cell Ms oi.n by atrophy
petiole; m-cu at or close
Ms; cetl2nd M2 slightly linglr than its
to fork of M; vein 2nd A only gently sinuous'
Abdomenblack,hypopygiumfulvous.Malehypopygium(Fig.
these sul>
' t, or profound branches'46) with three dististyies,
produced;outer styleterminal,the outer apical part of basistyleinto a long slendera flattened yellow pt"t. itt"t is produced
pale on basal hall, at apex proddced
rod; intermediatestyle-spine,the margin blac( ]-tot this elevatedinto a strong black
serrurate;inner
into a row ridge or crest that is microscopicaily
to the last' thestyle of approximately similar size and shapeplate or blade' marginapex produced into a flattened blackStudia Ent., vol. 13, fasc. L4, novembrolg70

287

obtuse, more or less roughenedor crenulate.Aedeagusstout
basally,outer third narrowedand bearingnumerouspale setae.
Habitat: Rwanda..
e, 6, Nyasheke,
Uganda.Holotyp
VolcanNyamuragira,Parc National Albert, 1,820 meters,June 14-26,
1935 (De Witte). Allotopotype,9, withouthead.Paratopotypes,
5 d 9, in poor condition;paratypes,I d, Kivu, Sake,Lac Kivu,
Rwanda,1,460meters,February19-22,1934; RuwenzoriRange,
Fort Portal,5,000feet,December1934- Januarylg35 (Edwards),
No. 182; NamwambaValley,6,500feet,Decembertg34 - Januaryt 935 (Edwards),No. 182.
The speciesis dedicatedto the collector of the important materials
f rom the Parc National Albert, Mr. C. F. De Witte. lt is the first
representativeof the subgenusEuparat.ropesaAlexander to be discoveredin the Ethiopian region. In the Neotropicalfauna various speciesof theso-called fasciolaris group are found, having the venation much as in
the present fly but with the details distinct, the most similar of suchspeciesbeing Teucholabii (Euparatropesa)invenustaAlexander,of Costa
Rica. The structure of the male hypopygium of the present fly while
agreeing in the basic features differs in all details from those of theAmerican species.

29. Gymnastes(Gymnastes) subnuda Alexander
Gumnastet__subnudo
Alexander; Ruwenzori Expedition 1934-35, l,key); 1956.

no. 7z 322 (inCeneral coloration black, vertex behind the antennal bases more
reddened,pruinose;thorax with dorsopleuralmembranepale yellow; legs
dark brorvn; wings whitish, restrictedlypatternedwith brown, including
narro\il bands over cord and before wing tip, with a conspicuousseam
afong vein Cu; cell M, open by atrophy of. m.

F e m a I e. - Length,about6 mm.; wing, 5.3 mm. Rostrum
and palpi black. Antennaeblack throughout;flagellarsegments
oval, shorter than their verticils,the outer ones smaller,shortoval. Head black, heavily pruinose,more reddenedbehind theantennal bases; anterior vertex broad, about three time thediameterof scape.
Pronotum dark brown, opaque. Mesonotal praescutum
chiefIy polished black, pretergitesnarrowly yellow; posteriorscleritesof notumslightlymorepruinose,caudalbordersof scutal
lobesnarrowlyreddened.Pleuraand pleurotergite
black,sparsely
pruinose,especiallybehind,dorsopleural
membraneconspicuously
pale yellow' Halteresbroken.Legs with coxae and trochanters
black; remainderof legsdark brown,outertarsalsegments
black;
legs with vestituremore or less denuded,the usual scalesapparently fewer than in, teucholaboides.
Wi,ngs ( Fig. 4l ) whitish,
restrictedlypatternedwith brown,includingcellsC and Sc, a band

nI
I
I

288

A Iex.a n de r, African crane-flies

over the c.ord,a subterminalcloud extendingfrom veins R4 to
Ma, and a conspicuousseam over, v€ill Cu, chiefly in Cell Cu,
interruptedshortly before m-cu, ending at about two=thirdsthe
lengthof vein Cur; posteriorprearcularfield and both Anal cells
uniiormly whitened;veins brown, sornewhatdarker in the patternedareas.Venation:Sc, endingabout oppositeone-thirdRs,
the latter strongly angulatednear origin; r-m abotrt one-tourth
its lengthbeforJiork of M; R2 obligue,longerthan Rr-s-o;basal
sectionof Mvz very short, cell Me open by atrophy of m, cellM3 subequalto its petiole'm-cu at or closeto tork of M; cell
2nd A broad.
black,outersterniteswith extremeposteriorborders
Abdornenyellowed,most evidenton centralparts. Ovipositorwith genital
lattened,reddishhorn colol.
rtti.lO blackI cerci compressed-f'ifietets,
2,000
Kivu,
Ngesho,Holotype,
I
Habitat: Rwanda.
,
April 3-6, 1934 (De Witte).
'Gymnastes
The other regional members of the ^gen-ls include(Gymnastes)teuchitaboides(Alexander) and G. (G.) dilatipesAlexander,U"rt distinguishedfrom the present fly by the closed cell /sf M2 of.
.
1
the wings.
.;':'

30. Trartepohlia (Trentepohlia) amantis Alexander(Trentepohtia)
amantis Alexander;
Trentepohlia'315'T:(in keY); 1956no.
313,

Ruwenzori Expedition

I934-35,l,

General coloration of mesonotumdark brown, humeral region ofpraescutumbroadly yellow, parascutella,pleurotergiteand pleura yellow;
iralteres infuscated;legs yellowish white, femoral tips narrowly clearer
white; wings whitish, hindsomelypicturedwith $rown to form an irregularpattern; veins Cu and Ist A narrowly separatedat margin.

Length, about 7.5 mm.; wing, 7-7.2 mrn.
F e m a I e.
Rostrumand palpi dark brown.Antennaedark brournthroughout;f lagellar segmentslong-cylindrical,verticils short. Front graypruinose,vertex brownish ochreous,posterior orbits darker;
anteriorvertex narrow, the carina extendingbackwardvirtuallyto the occiput.
chiefly
Cervicalregionand pronotumdark brown.Mesonotum
broadlyyellow,lateral
dark brown,humeralregionof praescutum
bordersobscurebrownishyellow; posteriorscleriteschiefly.dark
brown, posterior margins of scutum,parascutellaand pleurotergiteyellof. Pleura yellow, whitish pollinose,more evidenton
Halteres infuscated,base of stem narrowly
the mesepimeron.
whitened.Legswith coxaeand trochanterspale yellow; remainderof legs chiefly pale yellowish white, femoral tips narrowly still

Studia Ent., vol. 13, fasc. l-4, novembro lg70

2gg

more whitened. Wings with ground color whitish, handsomely
patternedwith brown, forming an irregular pattern as follows:
A broken band at cord, usually more expandedin radial tieldand over the fork of M, the latter extendedalong the medial
veins to the wing tip in cells Rs to Rs inclusive;fr.om this area
narrow darkened'lines extend to the costal border in cells Rz
and Rs, thesesometimesfaint to poorly indicated;basad of cord
dark areasat origin of Rs and caudadacrosscells R and M, theformer in cases obsoleteor nearly so; small vague markings
nearer wing base in cells Cu and /sf A and along vein Cu tothe cord; veins yellow; darker in the patternedareas.Venation:
RS arcuatedat origini Rz-s-+ a little shorter than Rs-e; vein
Rs oblique, sinuous; veins Cu, and /sf A narrowly separated
or barely contiguousat margin; cell Znd A unusually narrow,especiallyat the pointed outer end.
Abdominal tergites dark brown, sternitesbicolored,yellow,
the posterior borders brown, on the more proximal segments
including about the outer fourth or f ifth of segnient, more
extensivelydarkenedoutwardly.
Habitat: Parc NationalAlbert. Holotype, g , Gitebe,Volcan
Nyamuragira,2,324 meters,June 14-26, 1935 (De Witte) No.
1514. Paratopotype,I 9; paratype, 9, Mubiliba, Volcan
Nyamuragira,2,000 meters,June 14-26, 1935 (De Witte) No.
1499; J I , Uganda, Ruwenzori: Bwamba Pass (west side),
5,500-7,500
feet, December1934- January1935;MobukaValley,
7,300feet; NamwambaValley,6,500 feet (all F. W. Edwards);
British Museum(Natural History).
The present fly was distinguishedfrom allied species in the key
cited in the Ruwenzori 1956 report. From Trentepohtia (Trentepohlia)
disconnectans
Sp. .tr., it is readily separatedby the wing pattern as
describedunder this latter species.

31. Trentepohlia(Trentepghlia)4trogenualissp. n.
Ceneral coloration polished yellow, head brownish gray; halteresyellow; legs yellow,femoraltips broadlyand conspicuously
black,involving
about the distal eighth, basesand tips of tibiae less distinctly darkened;femoral baseswith a linear row of small black spines,apex bf posterior
tibiae with a linear row of three long setae;wings pale yellow, with aninterruptedbrowrt longitudinalstripe extendingvirtuallll the entire lerigth;
ve.ip Rs,-Rr-r-n and Rz-e subequal;abdomenobscureyellow, tergites
with an interrupted brown central stripe.
l9

2gO

Alexander,A f r i c a n c r a n ef l i e s

F e m a l e . - L e n g t h ,a b o u t8 m m . ; w i n g , 7 . 3 m m . R o s t r u mbrown; palpi darker brown. Antennaelight brown; flagellar segments elongate, verticils short. Head brownish graY, occipitalregion paler; anterior vertex narrow, elevatedinto a carina.
Thorax polishedyellow, scutellumand central part of mediotergite slightly more darkened. Halteres yellow. Legs withcoxae and trochantersyellow; femora yellow, tips broadly andconspicuouslyblack, including about the distal eighth or ninthof the segmentl tibiae obscureyellow, bases and tips narrowly
dark brown; tarsi obscurebrownish yellow, darker apically; baseof femora with a row of about 8 or g small black spines,apex
of posteriortibia with a linear row of 3 long setae; what appear
to representthe fore legs (detached)have the basal spinespresent
but very small and weak. Wings (Fig. 43) pale yellow, moresaturatedat base and in costal region; a weak infuscatedpattern,
appearing chiefly as a longitudinal wash at near mid-width ofwing, exiending from the axilla across cell M and posteriorcord
into cells Re ind Ru, interrupted beyond the f ork of M; veins
yellow, more intense in the brightened f ields, infuscated in thepatterned areas. Venation: Rs, Rz-s-E and Rz-s all subequal;
petioteof cell Rs about one-thirdthe cell;vein Rs subtransverse;
m-cu about one-half the basal section of Mr-r; apical fusionof veins Cu, and /sf A subequalto vein Rz'

Abdomenobscureyellow,tergiteswith an interruptedbrown
centralstripe,the areasnarrowedat posteriorends of segments,
partiallyinterruptingthe stripelsternitesyellow,baseof ovipositor
blackened.
Kivu, 1,285meters,
Habitat: Rwanda.Holotype,I , Rutshuru,
June l-6, 1935 (De Witte); No. 1405.
The most similar speciesappears to be Trentepohlia (Trentepohlia)
altuaudiAlexander,of Madagascar,which differs evidently in the patternand venationof the wings and in the colorationof the legs and abdomen.

32. Trentepohlia (Trentepohlia) disconnectanssp. n.
Ceneral coloration of mesonotum <iark brown, sides of praescutum
somewhat more brightened, pleura and pleurotergite obscure brownish
yellow; halteres yel-iow, knob dark brown; wings whitish, restrictedly
with brown, veins Cr, and /sf A separated
6ut conspicuously-patterned
at wing margin;-abdominaltergites dark brown, extleme posterior borders
paler, basal iternites bicolored, yellow, the broad posterior margins brown,buter segments,including hypopygium,dark brown'Studia Ent., vol. 13, fasc. 14, novembro1970nl

Length,about 7 mm.; wing, 7-7.2 mm. RostrumMale.
brownishyellow; palpi dark brown. Antennaedark brown; flagelexceedingtheir verticils. Front,
lar segmentslong-subcylindrical,
anteriorvertex and orbits silvery,the remainderof head brownish
yellow, darker behind; anteriorvertex narrow, carinate,the ridge
extending virtually to the occiput.
Pronotum brown; pretergites obscure yellow. Mesonotum
dark brown, sides of praescutumsomewhat more brightened.
Pleura and pleurotergiteobscurebrownishyellow, propleuraandmesepisternumdarker. Halteres with stem yellow, knob dart
brown. Legs with coxaeand trochantersyellow; remainderof lggs
broken. Wings (Fig. 44) whitish, restrictedlybut conspicuously
patterned with brown, including a small arcular atea, a seamcompletelycrossing the wing at cord, narrowed on posteriorcord, a rectangularareaat origin of Rs extendingbetweenveins
R and M, and a narrow Seamover vein Rs; wing tip narrowly
darkened;veins brown, slightly more darkenedin the patternedareas. Venation: Sc, nearly opposite fork of Rs, Sc,. subequal
to vein Rs, the latter oblique; cell Rs exceedingthree times ita
petiole;veins Cu, and lsf A narrowly separatedat margin, thedistanceabout one-thirdvein Rz.
Abdominaltergitesdark brown, sparselypruinose,especiallyextremeouter marginspaler; basalsternites
on posteriorsegments,
bicolored,yellow, the broad posterior borders brown, outer segments, including the hypopygium,dark brown.
Habitat: Rwanda.Holotype,d, Gitebe,VolcanNyamuragira,2,324meters,June 14-26,1935 (De Witte); No. 1514.Paratopotype, 6 ; De Witte No. 1512.
The slightly open cell Cu of the wings likewise is found in Trentepohlia (Trentepohlia) amantisAlexander,as discussedearlier. The two
fties are quite distinct in the nature of the wing pattern.

33. Gonomyia (Idiocera) sedata sp. n.
Generalcolorationof head and thorax gray; antennaebrownish black,scape and pedicel yellow, variegated with darker; legs obscure yellow,
tips ol femora and tibiae narrowly darkened,the latter more narrowly
so; wings with a faint brownish tinge, restrictedlypatternedwith darker
brown, Sc short, Sc' very long, vein R^- strongly upcurved at tip; malehypopygium with bisistyle terminating in a flattened glabrous blade;
three dististyles,the inner profoundly bifid, the others simple, terminatingin blackened spines; aedeagus pale, apex suddenly narrowed into along point.
l9f

!

*z

A l e x . a n d e r , A f r i c a nc r a n e f l i e s'

M a I e. - Length, about 5.5 mm.; wing, 5.6 mm. Rostrum
gray; palpi brownish black. Antennae with scape and pedicel
yellow, above variegatedwith brown, flagellum brownish black;flagellar segmentslong-oval to elongate,shorter than the longest
verticils. Head gray, front more whitened.
Pronotum brownish gray, patterned with yellow, including
pretergites.Mesonotalpraescutumbrownislr gray, with twoth.
intermediatedarker brown stripes,best indicatedon their posterior
halves, pseudosuturalfoveae conspicuous,dark reddish brown;
scutum dark graY, lobes variegatedwith brown; scutellumdull
orange, infuscated medially at base; postnotum gray, thesuture obscure yellow. Pleura dark gray, doisal sternopleurite
conspicuouslypatternedwith yelrow; ptdropleurite,meral region,and dorsopleuralmembraneyellow. Halteresyellow, knob **t ty
darkened. Legs with coxae gray; trochanters obscure yellow;
remainder of legs obscureyeilow, femoral tips brown, those ot
tibiae darker but narrower; tarsi broken. Wings (Fis. 42) witha faint brownish tinge, restrictedlypatternedwith darker brown,
includingvery small areas at origin of Rs, cord and m-cu; paler
but more extensivebrown cloudsat proximal end of the otherwise
pale stigma and at outer end of cell Rn, the latter enclosinga
pale marginal spot, the border of cell Rs similarly brightened;veins brownish yellow, darker in the clouded areas. Venation:sc short, sc1 ending shortly beyondorigin of Rs, sc2 far removed
from tip, at near middistancebetween arculus and origin ofRs, the latter arcuated; distance on costa between Rrl, andRg about one-half the length of the ratter; vein R+ strongly
upcurvedat outer end; cell 2nd M, nearrytwice its petiole; m-cu
slightly more than one and one-half times its length before
fork of M.
Abdomen, including hypopygium, dark brown, incisures
somewhatpaler. Male hypopygium (Fig. 4T) with basistyle,b,terminating in a flattened gl4brous blade, apex obtuse. Three
dististyles,d, or profound branches,the outer a long sinuousrod
or spine, narrowed gradually to the long terminal point; intermediatestyle somewhatshorter and stouter, outer fifth narrowed
into a blackenedspinp, Iower margin with scatteredlong palesetae; inner style longest and most conspicuous,profoundly bifid
at near midlength,outer arm a longer srendercurved rod, innerarm a flattened Qusky blade. Aedeagus'straight, entireiy pale,
apex abruptly narrowed to a terminal point.

Studia Ent., vol. l3,.lasc. 14, novembfo 1970

N3

Habitat: Rwanda. Holotype, I , Rutshuru,Kivu, 1,285
meters,June7, 1935 (De Witte); No. 1422.
The present fly is similar in venation,wing pattern, and general
strucfure of the hypopygium to ,Gonomyia (ldiocera) glabriapicalis
Alexander,of southernRhodesia,differing in many details of hypopygial
structure

34. Erioptera (Erioptera) angusticincta' Alexander
Erioptera - (Erioptera) angusticincta Alexander; Rtwenzori
no. 7: 347 (in key); 1956.

Expedition 1934-35, I,

General coloration reddish brown, mesonotumlightty gray pruinose;
antennaeshort, obscure yellow; haltereswith stem yellow, knob weakly
infuscated;wings yellow with a narrow but distinct brown band at cord,
extendingfrom costa to posterior end of vein Cu,' vein 2nd A unusuallylong, strongly sinuous.

Sex?
Wing about 6.2 mm. Rostrum pale brown, palpi
slightly darker.Antennaewith scapepale yellowishbrown, pedicel
and flagellum obscureyellow, outer segmentsbroken; flagellar
segments oval, shorter than the verticils, with further pale
pubescence.Head above buffy yellow. Eyes very large, black,broadly holoptic beneath,indicating the sex as male.
Pronotum yellowish brown, pretergitesyellow. Mesonotum
medium brown, lightly pruinosg, praescutum without clearly
definedstripes;posteriorscleritesof notum,especialllythe scutellum, more reddish brown. Pleura reddish brown. Halteresrvith
stem yellow, knob weakly infuscated.Legs with coxae reddish
yellow, trochanterscleareryellow; remainderbroken. Wings yellow, with a narrow but very distinct brown band along cord,
widest at costa opposite end of vein Sct, narrower behind,terminating at Cu; a vaguely indicated paler brown cloud at
distal end of Cut; veins yellow,, dark brown in the darkened
seam. Venation: Sct ending oppositeor just beyond Rr, Scg
shortly beyond origin of Rs, Scr. being longer than the relatively
short Rs; Rz-s-a and Ms-a subequal; m-cu at or just beforeforkof M; vein 2nd A unusuallylong and sinuous,ending nearly opposite posteriorend of m-cu.
Abdomen broken.
Kamatembe,
Habitat: Parc NationalAlbert. Holotype,,,Sex?,
2,100meters,April ll-22, 1934 (De Witte);
RiviereBishakishaki,No. 347.

i
T

t
l
!

Alexander,A f r i c a nc r a n e f l i e s

The present fly apparently belongs to the peringueyi group of thegenus,being most nearly allied to cristafa Alexander,of Kenya, as shownin the key to the Afriban species above cited.

35. Erioptera (Erioptera) euzonasp. n.
;

Size large (wing of rnale about 6 mm.); general coloration of mesonotum brown, sides of praescutumyellowed; knobs of halteresinfuscated;femora yellow with a broad dark brown ring that is terminal in positionor virtually so; wings yellow, variegated with brcnvn,stigma and wing
tip yellow; abdominaltergites bicolored,basesyellow, remainderbroadly
infuscated;male hypopygiumwith inner dististyleproducedinto a crest
bearing abundant setae, extended backward into an acute spine. Phallosome,p, with each apophysisterminating in three spines,the longest
one more slender.

Length, about 5.8-6 mm.; wing, 5.8-6 mm.
M a I e.
F e m a I e.
Length,about 7 mm.; wing, 7 mm. Rostrumand
palpi black. Antennaewith scape and pedicelyellow, f lagellum
yellowed,outer segmentsslightly darker. Eyes of male very large,
the light yellow vertex narrowed.
Pronotum yellow. Mesonotal praescutumwith disk chietly
coveredby three brown stripes, the Centralone narrow, humeraland lateral regions yellow; scutum yellow, each lobe with two
contiguous brown areas; scutellum brown, parascutellapale;
mediotergitebrown, the anterior part yellow. Pleura and pleurotergite chiefly dark, propleura, dorsopleuralregion, metapleuraand meron more yellowed. Halteres with stem yellow, knob
infuscated.Legs with coxae and trochanterslight yellow; femora
y0llow, in male the tips broadly and conspicuouslydark brown,in female the rings narrower, paler, and slightly subterminal;
tibiae yellow, extreme bases narrowly darkened; tarsi yellow
basally, outer three segmentsblackened.Wings with groundyellow, handsomelypatterned with brown, stigma yellow; pale
brown clouds and bands before wing tip which is narrowly
yellow, at arculus and in Anal cells, in casestheseclouds paler
and more restrictedin area; darker brown seams at origin ofRs and along cord, reachingthe posterior border; veins yellow,
darker in the patternedareas.Venation: Vein 2nd A very strongly
sinuous.
Abdominaltergitesbicolored,basesnarrowly yellow, broadly
infuscatedposteriorly,this latter color increasingin amount onouter segments;sterniteseven more clearly bicolored,the amountof dark about equal on all segments;hypopygium'obscureyellow.
Male hypopygium (Fig. 49) with outer dististyle,d, a slenderclub; inner style with both the beak and crest terminating inStudia Ent., vol. 13, fasc. 14, novembro 1970295

blackenedpoints, the latter an acute spine. Phallosome,P, witheach apophysis extended into three spines, the longest most
slender,the shortestspine arising from the base of the others.
Habitat: Tanzania.
Holotype,6, Ugano,MatengoHighlands,WSW of Songea,
I ,500-I ,700 meters,DecemberI - 10, 1935 (Zetny). Allotopotype'g , with type. Paratopotypes,
I d I , November20-30, December
1l -31, 1935 (Zerny).
The most similar species include Erioptera (Erioptera) carior
E. (8.) cristata Alexander, and some others, all differing in
Alexander,'hypopygial
structure and especiallyin colorationof the body,details oflegs and wings.

36. Erioptera (Erioptera) karisimbii Alexander
Erioptera (Erioptcra) karisimbii Alexander; Ruwenzori Expedition 1934-35,l, no. 7 :317 (in key),354; 1956.

General colorationof thorax dark brown, lateral praescutalborders
vaguely more yellowed; basal antennal segments blackened,proximal
flagellar segmentsobscure yellow; eyes of male very large, broadly
holoptic beneath; wings tinged with brown, unpatterned,vein 2nd Along and sinuous; male hypopygiumwith outer dististyle an elongate
rod, expandedat outer end into a blade, inner style a sinuous rod,
terminatingin a long spine,beyondmidlengthslightly dilatedand provided
with several long delicate setae.
M a I e. -Length, about 3.8-4.2 mm.; wing, 4-4-8 ffiffi, Type

badly broken, hypopygiummountedon slide. Rostrum and palpi
btack. Antennaeshort, scape and pedicel blackened,proximal
flagellar segmentsobscureyellow, short and crowded,outer segverticils.Head abovelight gray;mentselongate,with conspicuouseyes of male very large, narrowly separatedon vertex, broadly
holoptic beneath.
Pronotum obscure yellow, pretergites clear yellow. Mesonotum dark brown, lateral praescutal borders more yellowed,
narrowly marginedwith gray; mediotergitegray pruinose.Pleura
brown, darker beneaththe light yellow dorsopleuralregion,behindmore pruinose. Halteres with stem yellow, knob darker. Legs
with coxae and trochantersobscureyellow to brownish yellow;
remainderof legs brown, outer tarsal segmentsdarker. Wings(Fig. 48) tinged with brown, outer part of radial field still darker;
veins brown. Venation: Rz oblique; basal section of vein Mr-,
so short as to be virtually lacking,nearly in longitudinalalignment
with M, m-cu at fork of M;vein 2nd A long and sinuous

A I e x a n d . e r , A f r i c a nc r a n e f l i e s

Abdomen,includinghypopygium,dark brown, in casesthetergiteswith obscureyellow spots.Male hypopygium(Fig. 50)
with mesalface of basistyle,b, with a stout lobe that narrows
graduallyto the nearlypointedtip that bearstwo or threestrong
setae.Outer dististyle,d, a long rod that is expandedon about
the outer third into a blade,its surfacewith microscopic
setulae,the outermostsmallerl inner style shorter,a sinuousrod thatnarrows to a long terminalspine, slightly dilated beyondmidlength,with long delicatesetae.Phallosorlerp, with gonapophyses
appearingas simpleblackenedspines;aedeagus
with outer arms
directedIaterad.
Habitat: Parc National Albert. Holotype, broken d ,Kansenze,
Volcan Karisimbi,2,400 meters,March 4, 1935 (DeWitte) No. 1202. Paratypes,d , Kampala,Uganda,December
12, 1934(Edwards)No. 228; 3 d d, Kilembe,Ruwenzori
Range,
Uganda,4,500 feet, Decembert 934 Januaryt 935 (Edwards)
No. 227.
The fly is told from other related speciesby the unpatternedwings
and structure of the male hypopygium.In the latter respectthe resemblance
to the Holarctic speciesErioptera (Erioptera) limbata Loew and E. (E.)
uliginosa Alexander may be noted.

37, Erioptera (Psiloconopa)rutshuruensisAlexander
Erioptera ^(.lsiloconopa) ^rutshuruensis A^lexander; Ruwenzori Expedition t934-35, l,
no. 7: 347 (in key), 349, fig. t?t; t956.

Allied to maculata; mesonotumgrayish yellow, patternedwith brown;knob of halteres dark brown; femora obscure yellow with an obscurebrown subterminal ring; wings whitish subhyaline,whith an abundant
broken brown pattern involving all cells, the areas chiefly of very large
ocelli; cell /sf Mz elongate,basal section of Ms angulated.

M a le.
Length, about 4-4.5 mm.; wing, 4.5-5.5 mm.
F e m a I e.
Length, about 4-5 mm.; wing, 4-5 mm. Rostrum
dark brown, sparselypruinose; palpi brownish black. Antennae
with scape and pediceldark brown, flagellum brownish yellow;
f lagellar segmentsoval to long-oval, shorter than the longest'
verticils. Head brown, pruinose.
Pronotum yellow, patterned with brown, pretergitesclearer
yellow. Mesonotalpraescutumgrayish yellow, with a brown pattern that includesa pair of intermediatestripes and short morelateral ones; tuberculate pits dark brown, on internal bordersof the intermediatestripes; pseudosuturalfoveae reddish, brown;
scutum gray, each lobe with two separatedbrown are4s, theposterior.one smaller; scutellum gray with a brown central line,

F

Studia Ent., vol. 13, fasc. 14, novembro 1970297

near posterior border with a pair of strong setae; mediotergite
brown, gray on central part. Pleura and pleurotergite graypruinose, with a brown dorsal stripe, best indicated on theanepisternum,dorsopleuralmembranepaler. Halteres with stem
whitened, knob dark brown. Legs with coxae and trochanters
pale; femora obscureyellow with a very pale and nearly indistinct
brown subterminalring, this e*ceedingtwice the pale tip; tibiae
and tarsi whitened,outer tarsal segmentsmore infuscated.Wings
whitish subhyaline,with an abundantbroken brown pattern thatinvolvesall cells, in amount subequalto the ground; dark areas
essentiallyconsistingof very large ocelli, centeringat and near
origin of Rs, anterior and posterior cords, outer end of cell /sf
M2 and tip of vein 2nd A; costal border with six darkenings,
the outer ones
the proximal three very small and inconspicuous,large,solidly darkened,behindconfluent with the ocelli; outermost
area a very large ring extendingfrom vein R3 to Ms, the extreme
tip of vein Ra pale; veins brown, the costal interspacespale.
Venation: Cell I st M2 elongate,widenedoutwardly, basal sectionof Ms angulated,longer than m; m-ctt about one-third its length
before fork ol M, vein 2nd A virtually straightAbdomen dark brown, basal sternites more reddenedOvipositorwith genitalshielddarkened,valvesslender,hypovalvaepale, compressedbasally. Male hypopygium described in the
RuwenzoriReport,as cited (Fig. l7l).
Habitat: Rwanda,Kenya.Holotype, I , Rutshuru,Kivu, Parc
National Albert, September15-26, 1933 (De Witte) ; No. 9.
Allotype, 6 , Mt. Kinangop,Aberdare Range, Kenya, 8,000 feet,
October 1934 (Edwardt); No. 229. Paratypes, 6, Kapretwa,
Mount Elgon, Kenya, 6,500 feet, February I 935 ( Edwards);
6 ? , Subukia, Nakuru District, Rift Valley Province, Kenya,
6,400 feet, June 1948 ( Harry Hoogstraal).
While evidently related to the western Palaearctic Erioptera( Psiloconopa) maculata Meigenthe presentfly is quite distinct,especiallyin the wing pattern.

38. Ormosia (Trichotrimicra) vanstraeleniAlexander
Ormosia (Trichotrimicra) vanstraeleni Alpxander; Ruwenzori Expedition 1934-35, l,
no. 7: 343 (in key), 346, fig. t62; t956.

General coloration of body dark brown, restrictedly patterned withyellow; antennae with pedic€i enlarged, ova{, exceeding the scape iniir"; wings tinged with brown, macrotrichiain wing cells beyond about298

Alexander,A f r i c a nc r a n ef l i e s

the basal third; Scr ending about oppositethree-fourthsRs, Sc.' unusuallyshort, less than Rr'-s-n, cell /sf M, closed,Anal veins straighti divergent;
male hypopygium with outer dististyle slender, inner margin at near
midlength with a conspicuousappressedspine.

M a I e.
Length, about 3.8-4 mm.; wing, 4.5-4.6 mm.
Rostrumtestaceousyellow; palpi brownish black. Antennaewith
scapeand pedicelblack, flagellumbrown; pediceloval, enlarged,
in size exceedingthe scape;basalflagellarsegmentsoval, passing
through short-cylindrical,outer segmentsmore elongate,verticils
conspicuous.Head dark brown.
Pronotum obscure brownish yellow, restrictedly patternedwith brown, pretergitesclear light yellow. Mesonotumalmost
uniformly dark brown, lateral praescutalbordersnarrowly yellow;
posterior margin of scutellumrestrictedlyobscureyellow, postnotum brown and obscureyellow. Pleura uniformly dark brown,
dorsopleuralmembraneyellow. Haltereswith stem dirty white, incases knob weakly darkened. Legs with f ore coxae weakly
infuscated,remainingcoxaeand all trochantersyellow; remainderof legs pale brown; claws simple, long and straight. Wings
strongly tinged with brown, prearcularand basal parts of costal
f ield more yellowed; veins pale brown, more yellowed in thebrightenedparts. Macrotrichiaof cells relativelysparsebut welldistributed in cells beyond cord, basad of this becomingmore
sparse,lacking in cells of basal third of wing. Venation: Sct
ending about opposite three-fourths Rs, Scr shortly removed,
Sct shorter than Rz-s-+,the latter about twice the basal sectionof Rs; Re-s about one-half Rzi veins Rs and R; diverging
gradually, cell Rs at margin slightly less than cell Rz; cell /sf
M2 closed,subequalin length to vein M+i m shorter than basal
sectionof Mt, m-cu about one-fifths its length beyond fork ofM, vein 2nd A straight,diverginggraduallyfrom I st A.
Abdomen, including hypopygium,dark brown. Male hypopygium ( Fig. 51) with outer dististyle,d, a relatively slenderdarkened blade, more expandedshortly before midlength with
an appressedblack spine on inner margin; outer half of stylegently curved,tip obtuse,outer surfacewith abundantappressed
spinulae,inner style a pale blade, bent at nearly a right angle
at midlength, tip acute, outer margin of blade near point ofangulationwith a few microscopicpale setulae.Phallosome,p,complex,including two slenderblapkenedspines,with additional
paler blades and rods, about as f igured. Ovipositor with cerci
high and compressed,hypovalvaelonger and more slender.

StudiaEnt.,vol.13,fasc'l4,novembrol9?0ng

Habitat: Burundi,Uganda.Holotype,6 , trlega,near foot ofVolcanKarisimbi,Parc NationalAlbert, 2,4N meters,March 12,1935(De Witte). Allotype,9, MountMgahinga,KigeziProvince,
Uganda,10,000feet,November1934 (Edwards)No' 232' Paratypes,2 6 6, with allotype;I 6 , BwambaPass,west side of
Ru*enroti Range,Uganda,5,500-7,500feet, December1934
January1935 (Edwards).
The specieswas named for Dr. V. Van Straelen,late President of
the parcs Ntionaux du Congo Belge. The species diflers conspicuously
tofrom Ormosia (Trichotrimicra) hiriipennis (Alexander) but appears
be assigned correctly to this subgenus-

39. Molophilus (Molophilus) insanus sp. n'
Belongs to the gracilis-brown, group and subgroup; general.coloration ofpraescutalborders broadly yellow; antennae
thorax [g[t reddish
short, scape and pedicel brownish testaceous,flagellum-darker brown;
ruf.' hypopygiumwith basistyle terminating in three lobes, the mesal
one truncaied at apex, producedinto a triangular point; outer dististyle
very small, basal siyte iong and conspicuous,dilated at near midlength,
thence narrowed to an aJute point, surface with scattered microscopic
spicules.

M a I e. - Length,about3.5 mm.; win$, 4.2 mm.; antenna,
about O.75 mm. Rostrumbrown; palpi black. Antennaeof male
short; scape and pedicel brownish testaceous,f lagellum darker
brown; f lagellar segments long-oval, the outer ones shorter,
approximately
on the intermediates
verticils long and conspicuous,
one-half longer than the segment.Head gray:
Pronotum and pretergites yellow. Mesonotal praescutum
light reddish brown, sparsely pruinose, lateral borders broadly
yJllo*, enclosingthe reddenedpseudosuturalfoveae;scutal lobes
reddish brown, median area darker; scutellum and postnotum
yellow. Pleura and pleurotergitebrownishyellow, dorsalanepisternum more darkened,ventralsternopleuritelessso. Halteresyellow.
Legs with coxaeand trochantersyellow; remainderof legs brownish, yellow, outer tarsal segmentsbrown. Wings subhyaline,veins
and trichia darker. Venation: Rz a short distancebeyond levelol r-m; vein 2nd A relativelylon$, ending shortly beyondm-ctt.
Abdomendark brown, hypopygiumobscurebrownishyellow.
Male hypopygium ( Fig. 52) with basistyle terminating in threelobes, the ventral and dorsal ones obtuse, the latter smaller,
mesal lobe, ffib, larger, more flattened,apex obliquelytruncated,
terminating in a triangular point. Dististyles, d, very unequal,
the outer very reducedin size,in the notchof the basistyle,roughly

TAlexander,A f r i c a nc r a n ef l i e s:pentagonalin shape;basal style long and conspicuous,
projecting
caudad beyond the level of the lobes of the basistyle,appearing
as a simple rod, at and beyond midlength wlakly dilated,
outwardly narrowed to an acute point, surface with scatteredmicroscopicspicules.P{rallosomicplate, p, relativelynarrow, tip
obtuse.
Habitat: Parc National Albert. Holotype, 6 , Nyakibumba,
near Kikere, 2,226 meters,July 9, lg34 (De witte) No. 478.
In general appearancemost similar to speciessuch as the European
Molophilus (Molophilus) occultusde Meijere, differing especiallyin hypopygial structure. The African M. (M.) africanus Riedel was describedfrom a uniquefemalespecimenand presumably
will remainunrecognizable.

40. Molophilus (Molophitus) orcus sp. n.
- Belongs to the gracilis group and subgroup; general coloration ofthorax dark brownish gray; antennaeshort; halterel light yellow; malehypopygium with both dististyles conspicuouslyscabrous.

M a I e.
Length, about 3.8-4 mm.; wing, 4.5-S mm.;
antenna,about 0.8-0.9 mm. Rostrum dark brown; palpi black.
Antennaeshort; scapeand pedicellight brown, flagellurnslightly
darker; f lagellar segments oval, shorter than their verticils.
Head gray.
Cervicalregionand pronoturndark brownishgray, pretergites
light yellow, Mesonotumdark Sray,centralregion of praescutum
and scutal lobes slightly more infuscated,humeral region andlateralpraescutalborder vaguelybrightened,pseudosutural
foveaeblackened,conspicuous;notum with erect black setae except on
mediotergite.Pleura dark brownish Eray,dorsopleuralmembrane
brown. Halteres light yellow., Legs with coxae and trochanterstestaceousyellow; fore legs brown, middle legs, especialtythe
femora,somewhatdarker brown, posteriorlegs brownishyellow,
outer tarsal segmentsdarker brown. Wings brownish yellow,
prearcularand costalfields cleareryellow; veins brownishyellow,
trichia darker. Venation: Rz in approximatetransversealignment
with r-m; petioleof cell Ms trom about one-halfto three-fourths
longer than m-cu; vein 2nd A sinuous.
Abdomen,including hypopygium,dark brown. Male hypopygium (Fig. 53) with dorsal,lobe of basistyle,b, slender,ventral
much broaderl mesallobe moderatelylong, all lobeswith sparse
conspicuous
setae,the mesal with further abundantsmaller setae
and setulae.Both dististyles,d blackened,conspicuously
scabrous,
outer style terminating in a stout spine, teeth of outer faceStudia Ent., vol. 13, fasc. 14, novembro1970

30r

relatively few but unusuallypowerful, especiallythe outermost,basal flange of style developed;inner style strongly curved atnear the outer two-thirds, terminatinga slightly more enlarged
head, its apex acute, outer surface strongly scabrous,the mostbasal point larger and erect. Phallosomicplate, P, appearing
outer margin more sclerotized,surfacesetuliferous;
asymmetrical,
aedeagusshorter than in some related species.
Habitat: Madagascar.Holotype,tr, Anjavidilava,Andringitra
Massif,2,020 meters,January 17-21, 1958 (Stuckenberg).
The most similar regional species include Molophilus (Molophilus)
furcilerus Alexander and M. (M.) thyetlus Alexander, most readily
distinguishedamong themselvesby hypopygial structure, particularly thedististyles.

41. Molophitus (Molophilus) plebejus Alexander
Motophitus (Molophiius)
355 (in key); 1956.

plebejus AlexanderI Ruwenzori Expedition 1934-35, l , no. 7 :Belongsto the gracitisgroup and subgroup;generalcolorationlightbrownishochreous;antennaeshort; halteresuniformlyyellow; legs obscureyellow, outer tarsal segmentssomewhatdarker; male hypopygiumwi,th|asistyle terminatingin three lobes, the mesal almost as long as thein shape,extendedapicallyventral lobe; basal dististyleelongate-triangularyellowrod,
tip narrowly obtuse.
into a point; outer style a sinuous

M a I e. - Length,about 4.5 mm.; wing, 5.2 mm.; antenna,
about 1.2 mm. Rostrumand palpi dark brown. Antennaeof male
short; scape and pedicelpale yellow, flagellumbrown; flagellar
segmentslong-suboval,verticils, especiallythe proximal ones,
very long. Head brownish gray.
Pronotum dull ochreous.Mesonotumchiefly light browniShochreous, sparsely pruinose, pseudosuturalfoveae large but
Pleuramediumbrown,
virtually of the groundcolor, inconspicuous.
sparsely pruinose.Halteres uniformly yellow. Legs with coxae
and trochantersyellow, remainderof legs obscureyellow, outertarsal segmentssomewhatdarker. Wings weakly suffusedwith
brorvn,veins and trichia darker brown. Venation: Rz and r-m inapproximatetransversealignment;petioleof cell Ms about twice'm-cu; vein 2nd A sinuous,ending oppositem-cuAbdomen,including hypopygium,dark brown. Male hypopygium (Fig.54) with basistyleterminatingin three lobes,theventral one longest,narrowedto the obtusetip; dorsal lobe much
shorterbut stouter and mord obtuse; rnesallobe almost as longas the ventral, very f lattened Outwardly,apex darkened,obtuse.
Two very unequaldististyles,d, the longestsinuousyellow rod,

Alexander,A f r i c a nc r a n ef l i e sslightly stouterat near two-thirds the length,thencemore narrowed to the obtuse tip; basal style an elongate-triangularstructure,surfacecorrugated,apex extendedinto a point. Phalflattened,setuliferous;aedeagus
Iosomicplate,p, microscopicallyslightly narrowerthan the basal dististyle.
Habitat: Parc National Albert. Holotype,6 , Lac Magera,
2,000 meters,March l, 1934 (De Witte) No. 267.
In general appearanceand coloration, the present fly- most resembles
speciesiuch as M-olophilus(Motophilus) insanussP. n., differing evidently
in hypopygial structure, particularly the basistyle and dististyles.

42. Molophilus (Molophitus) vigilans Alexander
Motophilus (Molophilus) vigllans Alexander; Ruwenzori Expedition 1934-35,l, no' 7:355 (in key), 364; 1956.

Belongsto the gracilisgroup and subgroup;generalcolorationbrown;
wings weikly tinged with brown, veins slightly darker, vein Rr shortly
beyond level of r-m; male hypopygium with dorsal lobe of basistylelong and slender,setiferous,mesal face of style with two setiferouslobes.

Length, about 4-4.7 mm.; wing, 4.5-5.5 mm.
M a I e.
Mouthpartsdark brown. Antennaewith scapeand pedicelbrown,f lagellum paler; f lagellar segmentsoval, verticils conspicuous.
Head brownish Eray, restrictedlyyellow at antennal bases.
Pronotum yellowish brown, sides darker, scutellum andpretergites yellowed. Mesonotum and pleura almost uniformly
brown, very sparsely pruinose, humeral region of praescutum
yellowed, pseudosuturalf oveae slightly darker than the ground.
Halterespale yellow. Legs with all coxae and trochantersyellow;
remainder of legs brown, femoral bases paler. Wings weakly
tinged with brown, veins yellowish brown, only slightly darker
than the ground. Venation: Rz beyond level of r-m; petiole ofcell Ms relativelylong, approximatelythree times m-cu; vein 2nd
A sinuous,relativelylong, ending oppositem-cu.
Abdomen, including hypopygium, dark brown. Male hypopygium ( Ruwenzori Report, p. 361, f ig. I 82) with dorsal lobeof basistyle very slender, elongate,with numerous long setae;
mesal f ace of style with two setiferouslobes, the more basal
one slender.Two dististyles,d, the outer a long slenderrod with'dilatedbase,outer margin of intermediateportion with microscopic
spinulae,outer ones more crowded; inner style shorter and muchstouter,very gently curved,at apex with about six strong spinous
points. Aedeaguslong and slender.

Studia Ent., vol. 13, fasc. l-4, novembro1970

Habitat: Rwanda, Uganda: HolotYPe,a badly broken 6 ,Nyabitsindi,entreVolcanBishokeMusule,Rwanda,2,400meters,
February 18, 1935 (De Witte) No. 1162. Paratype,6, Mount
Mlanje, Uganda, I 0,000-I I ,000 feet, Novernber1934 ( Edwards)
No. 236.
As indicated above, the key to the Tropical African species of
Molophitusincludesthe presentspeciesand its nearestrelative,Molophilus(Motophitus) ditatibasis Alexander, from the Aberdare Range, Kenya,
the two flies being best separatedby hypopygial characters.

43. StyringomyiaspinistylataAlexander
Styringomyia spinistylata Alexander; Ruwenzori Expedition 1934-35, I ,(in key); 1956.

no. 7 :

371

Belongsto the leucopezagroup, allied to ingrami, differingin the pale antennalflagellumand in hypopygialdetails.
Length,about 7 mm.; wing, 4.5 mm. Antennae
M a le.
with scape dark brown, pedicelblack, basal half of f lagellum
whitened,outer segmentsslightly infumed; flagellar segments
verticils.
unusuallylong, with conspicuous
Thorax almost entirely dark brown, praescutumwith moregrayishstripes.Halteresblackened,apicesof knobsvery vaguelybrightened.Legs almost as in ingrami. Wings with darkened
pattern along cord not attainingthe costa.
Male hypopygium( Fig. 55) with terminal lobe of tergite,t, relativelynarrow, abruptly paler than remainderof segment.
Ninth sternite,s, with apexdeeplynotched,almostas in leucopeza.
Apical spine of basistyle,b, slender.Dististyle,d, with outerarm bearing a seriesof from 8 to l2 peglike blackenedspines
on proximal two-thirds or less; inner arms of style three, theintermediateone with an unusual number of peglike spinoid
setae,innermostarm with a densebrush of blackenedsetae.
Habitat: Cameroon,DemocraticRepublicof Congo.Holotype, i,. Kimati, Mayumbe,DemocraticRepublicof Congo,June
2 86, Rutshuru,Kivu,
7, lgll (R. Mayne). ParatYPes,
DemocraticRepublicof Congo,June l-6, 1935 (De Witte) Nos.
1401, 1403; I 6, Eala, Cameroon,February 16, 1922 (J. A.
Reis), AlexanderCollection.
The peglike spineson the outer arm of the dististyleof the hypopygium are found not only in Styringomyia ingrami Edwards but also
in the otherwisequite different S. serristylata Alexander,and som€ otherspecies.The condition of the three inner arms of the dististyle in th9present species is quite distinct from that found in S. Ieucopeza.and
Itties. Unfortunatelythe exact nature of the spines and setae on these

I

304

Alexander,A f r i c a nc r a n ef l i e s

no material ofstructures has not been describedfor S. ingrami qnd quite distinct inappelrs to be
this is available to me. The present-fly-conspicuously
emarginatesternite
the pale antennal flagellum "tiO in theof the hypopygium.

'#3i3'"i:}of;it?i$:''-fl,t{::tl:-''lrt E',1;,,|;,{"ii,{.,]^l]j'ti^itr*:r.il;t3iffin^',g' sonapopnvsrs
ir,vp"rr-;';r;r":;f.T,:;l-rliil'ii.',,i;*,fl]tistvre;
3i.,o"1ilittli'

Studia Ent., vol. 13, fasc. 14, novembro1970,...,.j.
,':'M

i'$l;itiii,1i#ffi,

liill!,ali/i,ujj,iit,lri
i',tt,ii,'i,l

305

\

\r

i \ \

[tit

9'
f(Acutipula)--l,l..g-:Figs. 5-8. Tipula (Acutipula) gaboonensisAlexander; malg. hypgpvgllt'itputa-(-s-ymbols.:.
fig..-to.
Tiputa (Acuttputa) kenia Alexande"i-ir-ili-ttvpopi^gium.-b,- baslstvl!; d, dlstlstvle;[tp"b'viiit*. "giithpJit
metiuscuta.qrexa6oiil--;;i;g,vsi;;'-i,'p'hatlosome; s,- sternlte; t' tergite)'Alexander,

306

72

A f r i c a nc r a n ef l i e s

L ) \

-W

wil;;t't{l/4
t!
t^'
J

t-/;/,)'.''){

V. /'/,. t.',;tF|,./-/>..trj..-'-/8-. / - )tz-.!

- Fiss- 12-14' Tipula
Fig. tt. Tiputa (Acutiputa) vanstraeleniAlexander:venation.
Tlputa (Acutipula)Fig.
hyd;;tl,;fi.
(Acutipura) mitaniensis,Atexander;;;i;.t5..
d, dististvlc:
basistyle;(Symbols:b;vanstraeteni,u.*ii.iir-;';;iJ'hlposyglum.
'.s, siir nite; l, ter gite) '.' i

Studia Ent., vol. 13, fasc. 14, novembro1970

g)7

25' -

Fig. 16. Limonia (Achyrolimonia) persullusa Alexander; venation. - Fig. lT. Limonio(Achyrolimonla) pothos sp. n.; venation.
Fig. 18. Limonia (Atypophthatmas)
patrita sp. n. ; venation.
Fig:' 21. Umoaid
venatlon.
Flg. 20. Limonia harmonia Alexander; venation.
(Dicranomyia) gulllarmodana sp. n.; venation.'Fig. 22. Limonla'(Aohyroltmonial
pothos sp. n.; male hypopygium.
Fig. 23. Limonia (,Atypophthalmus) potrita qpJn.; male hypopygiu
male hypopygiu.m.
Fig.25. Limonia (Dicranomyia) guillarmodana sp: n.; maler (svmbors:
rrvpopvgium.
",oi"ii1frii;,"?,,

l,lttjllli;1.o,g, gonapophvstss
drstistvle;:.)^aAlexander,308

A f r i c a nc r a n ef l i e s

)2

F

-6

))

3?

(Afron.; venalion'-- -fig' 27'. Limnoohila
Fie. 26. Dicranoptycha stuckenbergi.s.p. -. nig.-'-is. urtnophita(Atiotimnophlla)tttinophila) anttmena sD: n.; v;natbn. Pilaria.'chibnomera Alexander; venatlon' phesquierersp. n.; v-enation..- ii{"lirptg-:
3l'-Elephantomvia-etepnantomyia
sp:.,l.-i ;;;;i6;'
Ffg. 30. Hexato.ma'(Parahexatom-!)-'Oeiiriveiation'
SZ''(Elen';----:tg(Elephantomyn) argenttpleura sp"
Dicranoptycha matengoensrs'sp'"enatioi.
n.;sir.
lig.
.S3.
ihaitomyia) Iaticlncla
s-p. n.: male hvpopvglum'h.: male nypopygi'ffi.---Fi.g,',5i,.'6iiiiigp.tycha',stuckenbergi
male hvpopvglum'n.;
spantt.mena

Fig. 35. riiiiiinua'l}li.otiiiiibiit-il'
sp. n.; rnare hvpopvgrum'
Fig. 36. ercpnaii'i;;;i;' re'iii;ni;;;,i;f:"rgg:liliiura
iattcincli sp._-l:i^ll3.l. hvpopvstum'Fie. 37. ercpnaiii'rt\ia'JEpon.iiiiiiiia) oiJiiJtvte;
P, phallosome;si gonapophysis;b, u"siriii'.;"J,'- 't,(symbors:o, aedeagris;terglte).

Studia Ent., vol. 13, fasc. l-4, novembro1970309,\z:f:. .-.I l'.':'.'.:.'.b-Fig. 38. Clydonodozus phaeosomus sp. n.; venation.
Fig. 39. Llmnophilomyio
matengoensls sp. n.; venatlon.
Fig. 40. Teucholabis (Euparatropesa) witteana
Afexander; venation. - Fig. 41. Gymnastes(Gymnastes) subnuda Alexander; venatlon.
Fig. 42. Gonomyia (Idiocera) sedata sp. n.; yenatlon.
Fig. 43. Trentepohlia(Trentepohlia) atrogenualis sp. n.; venation:
Flg. 44. Trentepohlla (Trenteiohlia)
disconnectcns. sp. n. ; _venation.
Fig. 45, Limnophilomyla matengoensis sp. n.;male hypopygium. Fig. 46. Teucholabls (Euparatropea) witteana Alexander; malehypopygium.^Fig. 47. Gonomyia (Idiocera) sedata sp. n.; male hypopygium.
(Symbols: a, aedeagus; b, basistyle; d, dististyle; t, tergite).

310

Alexander,A f r i c a ne r a n ef l i e s$tFig. 49. Erloptera
fgi.^ {8. Erioptera (Erloptera) karislmbli Alexander; venation. -- Flg. 50. Erioplera (Ertoitera)(Eriopte-r-g) -euzona sp. n: i male hypopygium.
'karisimbli
Alexander;- male hypopyftur.
Ftg. 5I. Ormosia' (Trtchotriktcrai=
Yanstraeleni Alexander; male hyp_opygi,qm.
_1- Fig. 52. Itlolophllus (Molophilus) insanus
Plg. 53. Molophilus (Moloihltus) orcus sp. n.; male:p. n.;.male hyllopy_giur!.,hypop-ygiull. - Fig. 54. Molophiltis (lllolophilis) plebeius Alexander; male-hypopygium.
Fig, 55. Styrlngomyia spinlstylata Alexande-r; niale hypopygl'um. iSvin"uols:a, aedeagus; D, basistyle; d, dlstlstyle; p, phallosome; i; it-einite; t, teiglie).