★★★ ＜第38回知的財産翻訳検定試験【第20回和文英訳】＞ ★★★
≪１級課題 –バイオテクノロジー≫【問 1】
In recent years, damage caused by being eaten or debarked by wild animals
in agriculture and forestry, such as damage to tree branches or trunks
caused by being eaten or debarked as well as damage to crops caused bybeing eaten by wild animals such as sika deer, Japanese serow, Yezo sika
deer, rabbits, mice, bears, and wild boars, have been steadily increasing.
Measures against these wild animals include exterminating by poisoning orby hunting, but this has problems such as the work being highly dangerous,
and the environmental burden being high.
To solve these problems, substances that have a repellent effect on wildanimals (i.e., repellents for pest animals) are used. Various repellents forpest animals that have odors or tastes which are unpleasant to wild animals
have been proposed; for example, substances derived from plants such as
chili peppers, mustard, wasabi, and essential oils, synthetic substances suchas naphthalene, rhubafuran, and denatonium, and excrement and urine ofanimals that are natural enemies of the wild animals are used (for example,see Patent Documents 1 to 3). These repellents for pest animals are
dispersed on farmland, forests and surrounding areas to prevent wildanimals from approaching such areas.

【問 2】
The cookies of the present invention are allergen-free cookies made using
rice flour and avocado as materials. Cases of food allergy due to rice andavocado are very few as compared to gluten, soy protein, and almonds.
Therefore, even those who have a high risk of developing food allergies caneat the cookies of the present invention relatively safely. Furthermore,because of the high quality protein and fat derived from avocados, thecookies have good formability in spite of being a gluten-free cookie doughmade using rice flour, and furthermore, cookies with a crispy texture andsavory flavor can be obtained by baking. The term “crispy texture” of thecookies means that they are brittle and easily crumble and that they arepleasant to bite when chewing.
***************The rice as material for rice flour may be brown rice, germinated rice, or
white rice. The degree of milling of white rice is not particularly limited, andmay be approximately 50%, or 90% or more. It may also be germinatedbrown rice.

【問 3】
Examining the tissue specific expression of the GIC1 to GIC5 genes inwild-type rice (Nipponbare) using RT-PCR revealed that all of the genes
were highly expressed in the leaves and stems, while hardly being expressedin the roots and calli. Among the GIC1 to GIC5 genes, it was found that theGIC1 transcript is alternatively spliced to produce two types of mRNA.
Here, the longer transcript is referred to as GIC1L (accession number offull-length cDNA (fl-cDNA): AK120314) and the shorter transcript isreferred to as GIC1S (AK072346). Note that, when simply recited as GIC1,
this shall refer to GIC1L. The GIC1L mRNA (SEQ ID NO: 1) is generated
upon intron 1 being excised from the GIC1 mRNA precursor. GIC1S mRNA
encodes a protein lacking the N-terminal B-box zinc finger domain. GIC1SmRNA was presumed to be a product of excision of the sequence containing
the B-box as an intron by splicing via intramolecular homologous
recombination at the 8 base overlapping sequence 5'-TCGTCGTG-3' startingat the position that is 12 bases 5' upstream of the putative start codon of theGIC1L mRNA and the position that is 14 bases 5' upstream of the 130th ATG
codon (Fig. 3).

【問 4】[Claim 1]
A method for producing a pluripotent stem cell spheroid, comprising:treating differentiated fibroblasts with a serine protease to separate thefibroblasts; statically culturing the separated fibroblasts at a high celldensity of 1x105 cells/cm2 to 7x106 cells/cm2 or 1x106 cells/ml to 2x107 cells/ml,

in a non-cell adhesive cell culture vessel, in D-MEM medium comprising
glucose and fetal bovine serum or an equivalent medium thereof, while
supplying CO2, and at a temperature of 30 to 40oC, without using one ormore of any of the stimulating factors selected from the group consisting ofhormones, growth factors, pluripotency-inducing proteins, and pluripotent
cell-inducing factors, to form a spheroid; andallowing 95% or more of the cells constituting said spheroid to express thepluripotent stem cell markers of OCT3/4, SOX2, NANOG, PAR4, TRA-1-60,TRA-1-81, SSEA-3, SSEA-4, and ALP.
[Claim 2]
The method for producing a pluripotent stem cell spheroid of claim 1,
wherein the diameter of the spheroids is 0.5 to 3 mm.