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Abstract for the Biken Academic Seminar

Dynamics of Function and Regulation of the Endoplasmic Reticulum
Kazutoshi Mori
Department of Biophysics, Graduate School of Science, Kyoto University
The endoplasmic reticulum (ER), where newly synthesized secretory and transmembraneproteins are folded and assembled, has the ability to discriminate folded proteins from unfolded
proteins and controls the quality of synthesized proteins. Only correctly folded molecules areallowed to move along the secretory pathway, whereas unfolded proteins are retained in the ER.
The ER contains a number of molecular chaperones and folding enzymes (ER chaperoneshereafter), which assist productive folding of proteins, and therefore newly synthesized proteins
usually gain correct tertiary and quaternary structures quite efficiently. Yet unfolded or misfolded
proteins even after assistance of ER chaperones are retrotranslocated back to the cytosol,ubiquitinated and degraded by the proteasome. This disposal system is called ER-associateddegradation (ERAD). Thus, the quality of proteins in the ER is ensured by two distinct mechanisms,
productive folding and ERAD, which have opposite directions.
Under a variety of conditions collectively termed ER stress, however, unfolded or misfolded
proteins accumulate in the ER, which in turn activates ER stress response or Unfolded Protein
Response (UPR). The UPR is mediated by transmembrane proteins in the ER, and three ER stresssensors/transducers, namely IRE1, PERK and ATF6, operates ubiquitously in mammals. Thanks
to these signaling pathways, translation is generally attenuated to decrease the burden on thefolding machinery; transcription of ER chaperones is induced to augment folding capacity; andtranscription of components of ERAD machinery is induced to enhance degradation capacity,
leading to maintenance of the homeostasis of the ER. If ER stress sustains, cells undergo toapoptosis.
I will talk on the mechanism, evolution, and physiological importance of the UPR and ERAD
as well as its involvement in development and progression of various diseases.

CAREER HISTORY:1981
B.S. in Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Kyoto University
1983
M.S. in Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Kyoto University
1985-1989 Assistant Professor, Gifu Pharmaceutical University
1987
D.Sc. in Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Kyoto University
1989-1993 Postdoctoral Researcher, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center
1993-1996 Deputy Research Manager, HSP Research Institute1996-1999 Research Manager, HSP Research Institute1999-2003 Associate Professor, Graduate School of Biostudies , Kyoto University
2003Professor, Graduate School of Science, Kyoto UniversityAwards
2009
Canada Gairdner International Award
2010
Medal of Honor with Purple Ribbon
2014
Asahi Prize
2014
Albert Lasker Basic Medical Research Award
2016
Imperial Prize and Japan Academy Prizeand many others