CURRICULUM VITAE

Name

LAMBERT Willy

Title

Em. Prof. PhD.
Former Head of the Laboratory of Toxicology of
the Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Ghent
University, Belgium

Home Address

Muilaardstraat 76
9000 GENTBELGIUM

Phone
MobileMail

32 9 2210667
0476 712905
Willy.Lambert@UGent.be

Date of BirthMarch 7, 1953 Brugge, Belgium

EDUCATION

Pharmacist , Ghent University, 1977, Maxima cum Laude
PhD. in Pharmaceutical Sciences, Ghent University, 1982, Maxima cum
Laude, « HPLC of retinoic acid and other retinoids in bio-samples »Aggrégé de l’enseignement supérieur, Ghent University, 1990, « Bioanalysis of vitamin K1(20) »SCIENTIFIC CARREER
1977-1991

Assistant, research associate, and senior research
associate, Laboratory of Medical Biochemistry andClinical Analysis (Prof. A. De Leenheer)

1991-Oct 2014

Full professor at the Ghent University, Faculty of
Pharmacy, Laboratory of Toxicology

Retired on Oct. 1st 2014

TEACHING EXPERTISE
Toxicology
Immunochemistry
Bioanalysis
Toxicology for Clinical Biologists

since 1994
1991-2007
since 1991
since 1994

RESEARCH TOPICS
The research topics covered by the Laboratory of Toxicology are all
situated in the bio-analytical field with a strong emphasis on
chromatographic techniques.
Gas chromatography – mass spectrometry is used for the analysis of GHB
and other small molecules in blood and urine samples. For this pupose adried blood spot sampling has been developed coupled to a sensitive GCMS method. The method has been published in Analytical andBioanalytical Chemistry as well as in other journals (applications).
The Laboratory has a strong expertise in dried blood spot analysis and inovercoming issues such as the haematocrit effect. Dried blood spot analysis
by LC-MS/MS is used for the determination of caffeine and its metabolitein blood and for phenotyping issues.
Liquid chromatography coupled to fluorescence detection was applied in
the determination of anthracyclines in biological matrices. Both theextraction and the chromatography are optimized and resulted in avalidated procedure which is applied in clinical studies. This research was
also directed to the identification of an unknown metabolite found in urineof treated patients.
There are a substantial number of forensic toxicological case reports
published in A1 journals.
The last subject concerns the determination of folates in rice. This is a long
lasting collaboration with the Laboratory of Plant Genetics where thegenetic modifications are performed to enhance the folate production inrice. Liquid chromatography coupled to mass spectrometry is the methodof choice for the determination of these very unstable compounds. This
research already resulted in three papers in Nature Biotechnology.
The list of all full A1 papers published in peer reviewed journals is giving an
overview of these topics as well as earlier research topics (e.g. Vitamin
analysis) of the Laboratory of Toxicology and of Prof. W. Lambert.

REVIEWER ACTIVITIES
Prof. W. Lambert acts as a reviewer for several scientific journals such as J.
Chromatography A and B, Analytical Chemistry, Bioanalysis, Clinical
Chemistry, Analytical and Bioanalytical Chemistry, Forensic Science
International, Rapid Communications in Mass Spectrometry, International
Journal of Legal Medicine, Journal of Separation Science.

MEMBERSHIPS
American Association for Clinical Chemistry (AACC)
The International Association of Forensic Toxicologists (TIAFT): Regional
representative for Belgium
The Toxicological Society of Belgium and Luxembourg (BLT): Board
memberBelgian Society of Pharmaceutical Sciences.

BIBLIOGRAPHY
A1 PUBLICATIONS
1.

M.G. De Ruyter, W.E. Lambert, and A.P. De Leenheer. Retinoic
Acid: An Endogenous Compound of Human Blood. Unequivocal
Demonstration of Endogenous Retinoic Acid in Normal
Physiological Conditions. Anal. Biochem., 98, 402-409 (1979).

2.

V.O. De Bevere, M. De Paepe, A.P. De Leenheer, H.J. Nelis, W.E.
Lambert, A.E. Claeys, and S. Ringoir. Plasma Vitamin A in
haemodialysis patients. Clin. Chim. Acta, 114, 249-256 (1981).

3.

V.O. De Bevere, H.J. Nelis, A.P. De Leenheer, W.E. Lambert, M. De
Paepe, and S. Ringoir. Vitamin E levels in haemodialysis patients.
J. Am. Med. Ass., 247, 2371 (1982).

4.

A.P. De Leenheer, W.E. Lambert and I. Claeys. All-trans-retinoic
acid: Measurment of reference values in human serum by HPLC. J.
Lipid Res., 23, 1362-1367 (1982).

5.

W.E. Lambert, J.-P. De Slypere, J.A. Jonckheere, A. Vermeulen,
and A. De Leenheer. Improved liquid chromatographic
determination of serum cortisol with double internalstandardization compared to radioimmunoassay and fluorometry,and evaluated by isotope dilution/mass spectrometry.
Anal.
Biochem., 134, 216-223 (1983).
6.

W.E. Lambert and A.P. De Leenheer. Demonstration of retinoic
acid isomers in human urine under physiological conditions.
Experientia, 41, 359-360 (1985).

7.

W. Lambert, P. Cammaert, and A.P. De Leenheer. Liquidchromatographic measurement of riboflavin in serum and urine
with isoriboflavin as internal standard. Clin. Chem., 31, 1371-1373(1985).

8.

W.E. Lambert, A.P. De Leenheer and M.F. Lefevere.
Determination of vitamin K in serum using HPLC with post column
reaction and fluorescence detection. J. Chromatogr. Sci., 24, 72-76(1986).

9.

L.M. Thienpont, H.J. Nelis, W.E. Lambert, M.F. Lefevere, R.M.
Bauwens, en A.P. De Leenheer. Profiel van de Laboratoria voor
Medische Biochemie en voor Klinische Analyse, Faculteit van deFarmaceutische Wetenschappen, RUG.
Newsletter, Belgische
Vereniging voor Klinische Chemie, Aug., 17-24 (1986).

10. W.E. Lambert, A.P. De Leenheer, and E.J. Baert. Wet-chemical
post-column reaction and fluorescence detection analysis of thereference interval of endogenous serum vitamin K1(20). Anal.
Biochem., 158, 257-261 (1986).
11. W.E. Lambert and A.P. De Leenheer. Simplified post-column
reduction and fluorescence detection for the HPLC determinationof vitamin K1(20). Anal. Chim. Acta, 196, 247-250 (1987).
12. B. Periquet, W. Lambert, A. Bailly, I. Tomatis, J. Ghisolfi, A. De
Leenheer and J.P. Thouvenot. Fatty acid composition and kinetic
behaviour of liver retinyl esters in vitamin A sufficient and deficientrats. Clin. Chim. Acta, 172, 275-290 (1988).
13. J. Widdershoven, W. Lambert, K. Motahara, L. Monnens, A. De
Leenheer, I. Matsuda and F. Endo. Plasma concentrations ofvitamin K1 and PIVKA-II in bottle-fed and breast-fed infants withand without vitamin K prophylaxis at birth. Eur. J. Ped., 148, 139142 (1988).

14. W.E. Lambert, A.P. De Leenheer, H.R. Walgraeve, and W.
Tassaneeyakul. Monitoring of cyclosporin in whole blood byreversed-phase liquid chromatography on a butyl column. J.
Chromatogr. Biomed. Appl., 427, 195-198 (1988).
15. A.P. De Leenheer, H.J. Nelis, W.E. Lambert and R.M. Bauwens.
Chromatography of fat-soluble vitamins in clinical chemistry. J.
Chromatogr. Biomed. Appl., 429, 3-58 (1988).
16. W. Lambert, J. De Bersaques, A. De Leenheer and C.J. Brindley.
Comparison of single dose pharmacokinetics of Ro 10-1670 in young
and elderly subjects (PK-4616). Research Report No. B-113’167(1988) Hoffmann-La Roche, Basel, Zwitserland, 55 blz.
17. W.E. Lambert, M.A. Yousouf, B.M. Van Liedekerke, J.F. De Roose,and A.P. De Leenheer.
Simultaneous determination ofpentoxifylline and three metabolites in biological fluids by highperformance liquid chromatography. Clin. Chem., 35, 298-301(1989).
18. B.M. Van Liedekerke, H.J. Nelis, W.E. Lambert, and A.P. De
Leenheer. High performance liquid chromatography of quaternaryammonium compounds on a polystyrene-divinylbenzene column.
Anal. Chem., 61, 728-732 (1989).
19. W.E. Lambert, L. Vanneste, A.P. De Leenheer, and O. AmédéeManesme. Serum phylloquinone levels in a normal population ofchildren compared to the reference interval in adults. Clin. Chem.,
35, 671 (1989).
20. A.P. De Leenheer, W.E. Lambert, J.P. De Bersaques, and A.H.
Kint. High-performance liquid chromatographic determination ofetretinate and all-trans- and 13-cis-acitretin in human plasma. J.
Chromatogr., 500, 637-642 (1990).
21. B. Tjandra-Maga, R. Verbesselt, S. Scharpé, R. Verkerk, W.E.
Lambert, B. Van Liedekerke, and A.P. De Leenheer. Comparisonof Cyclosporin A measurement in whole blood by six different
methods. J. Clin. Chem. Clin. Biochem., 28, 53-57 (1990).

22. W.E. Lambert, A.P. De Leenheer, J.P. De Bersaques, and A. Kint.
Persistent etretinate levels in plasma after changing the therapy toacitretin. Arch. Derm. Res., 282, 343-344 (1990).
23. A.P. De Leenheer and W.E. Lambert. Mass Spectrometry of
Methylester of Retinoic Acid. Methods Enzymol., 189 A, 104-111(1990).
24. E. Meyer, W.E. Lambert, A.P. De Leenheer, J.P. De Bersaques, and
A.H. Kint. Improved quantitation of 13-cis-and all-trans-acitretinin human plasma by normal-phase high-performance liquid
chromatography. J. Chromatogr., 570, 149-156 (1991).
25. B. Periquet, W. Lambert, J. Garcia, G., Lecomte, A.P. De Leenheer,
B. Mazières, J.P. Thouvenot, and J. Arlet. Increased concentrationsof endogenous 13-cis- and all-trans-retinoic acids in diffuse
idiopathic skeletal hyperostosis, as demonstrated by HPLC. Clin.
Chim. Acta, 203, 57-66 (1991).
26. E. Meyer, W. Lambert, A. De Leenheer, J. De Bersaques, and A.
Kint. The distribution of cis- and trans-acitretin in humanepidermis. Brit. J. Clin. Pharmac., 33, 187-189 (1992).
27. W.E. Lambert, E. Meyer, A. De Leenheer, J. De Bersaques, and A.
Kint. Recent findings on the pharmacokinetics of acitretin inhumans. Retinoids Today and Tomorrow, 26 Suppl., 34-36 (1992).
28. O. Amédée-Manesme, W.E. Lambert, D. Alagille, and A.P. De
Leenheer. Pharmacokinetics and safety of a new solution of vitamin
K1(20) in children with cholestasis. J. Pediatr. Gastroenterol. Nutr.,
14, 160-165 (1992).
29. A.P. De Leenheer, H.J. Nelis, and W.E. Lambert.
Recentdevelopments in the measurement of vitamin A and carotenoids.
Voeding, 53, 168-172 (1992).
30. W.E. Lambert, L. Vanneste, and A.P. De Leenheer. Enzymatic
sample hydrolysis and high performance liquid chromatography ina study of the phylloquinone level in human milk. Clin. Chem, 38,
1743-1748 (1992).

31. W.E. Lambert, E. Meyer, A.P. De Leenheer, J. De Bersaques, and
A.H. Kint. Pharmacokinetics and drug interactions of etretinate
and acitretin. J. Am. Acad. Dermatol., 27, S 19-22 (1992).
32. W.E. Lambert, A.P. De Leenheer, J.F. Van Bocxlaer, and M. Piette.
Meprobamate intoxication: rare and difficult to find. J. Toxicol.
Clin. Toxicol., 30, 683-684 (1992).
33. E. Meyer, J. De Bersaques, W.E. Lambert, A.P. De Leenheer, and
A.H. Kint. Skin, adipose tissue and plasma levels of acitretin withrare occurrence of esterified acitretin during long-term treatment.
Acta Derm. Venereol., 73, 113-115 (1993).
34. W. Lambert, A. De Leenheer, and R. Wyss.
Analytical
determination of cis- and trans-acitretin (Ro 13-7652 and Ro 101670) and of etretinate (Ro 10-9359) in plasma samples from study
HL41. Bioanalytical report No B-614 (1993) Hoffmann-La Roche,
Basel, Zwitserland, 23 blz.
35. A.E. Wallnöfer, J.M.T. van Griensven, H.C. Schoemaker , A.F.
Cohen, W. Lambert, C. Kluft, P. Meijer, and T. Kooistra. Effect ofisotretinoin on enogenous tissue-type plasminogen activator (t-PA)
and plasminogen activator inhibitor 1 (PAI-1) in humans. Thromb.
Haemost., 70, 1005-1008 (1993).
36. E. Meyer, W.E. Lambert, and A.P. De Leenheer. Simultaneous
determination of endogenous retinoic acid isomers and retinol inhuman plasma by isocratic normal-phase HPLC with UV-detection.
Clin. Chem., 40, 48-50 (1994).
37. W. Lambert, J. Van Bocxlaer, M. Piette, and A.P. De Leenheer. A
fatal case of trazodone and dothiepin poisoning: toxicologicalfindings. J. Anal. Toxicol., 18, 176-179 (1994).
38. W.E. Lambert, E. Meyer, A.P. De Leenheer, J. De Bersaques, and
A.H. Kint. Pharmacokinetics of acitretin. Acta Derm. Venereol.,Suppl., 186, 122-123 (1994).
39. H.O. Lyon, A.P. De Leenheer, R.W. Horobin, W.E. Lambert,
E.K.W. Schulte, B. Van Liedekerke, and D.H. Wittekind.
Standardization of reagents and methods used in cytological andhistological practice with emphasis on dyes, stains and chromogenic
reagents. Histochem. J., 26, 533-544 (1994).

40. J.-Z. Huo, J. Van Bocxlaer, W.E. Lambert and A.P. De Leenheer.
Determination of embutramide in biological matrices by gas
chromatography with nitrogen-phosphorus detection.
J.
Chromatogr., 661, 69-74 (1994).
41. W.E. Lambert, E. Meyer, Y. Xue-Ping, and A.P. De Leenheer.
Screening, identification and quantitation of benzodiazepines inpostmortem samples by HPLC with photodiode array detection. J.
Anal. Toxicol., 19, 35-40 (1995).
42. W.E. Lambert, E. Meyer, and A.P. De Leenheer. Systematic
toxicological analysis of basic drugs by gradient elution of analumina-based HPLC packing material under alkaline conditions.
J. Anal. Toxicol., 19, 73-78 (1995).
43. E. Meyer, J.F. Van Bocxlaer, W.E. Lambert, M. Piette and A.P. De
Leenheer. Determination of chloral hydrate and metabolites in a
fatal intoxication. J. Anal. Toxicol., 19, 124-126 (1995).
44. K. Clauwaert, W. Lambert, and A. De Leenheer.
High
performance liquid chromatographic determination of cocaine andits main metabolites in biological samples: a review. J. Liq.
Chromatogr., 18, 2097-2114 (1995).
45. W.E. Lambert, M. Piette, C. Van Peteghem, and A.P. De Leenheer.
Application of high performance liquid chromatography to afatality involving azide. J. Anal. Toxicol., 19, 261-264 (1995).
46. B.A. Periquet, N.M. Jammes, W.E. Lambert, J. Tricoire, M.M.
Moussa, J. Garcia, J. Ghisolfi and J.-P. Thouvenot. Micronutrient
levels in HIV-1-infected children. AIDS, 9, 887-893 (1995).
47. W. Lambert, E. Meyer, A. De Leenheer. Cyanide and sodium azide
intoxication. Ann. Emerg. Med., 26, 392 (1995).
48. E. Meyer, J. Van Bocxlaer, W. Lambert, L. Thienpont, A. De
Leenheer. Alpha-phenylethylamine identified in judicial samples.
For. Sci. Int., 76, 159-160 (1995).
49. J. Van Bocxlaer, E. Meyer, K. Clauwaert, W. Lambert, M. Piette,and A. De Leenheer.
Analysis of zopiclone (Imovane®) inpostmortem specimens by GC-MS and HPLC with diode-array
detection. J. Anal. Toxicol., 20, 52-54 (1996)
50. W.E. Lambert, J. Van Bocxlaer, M. Piette, and A. De Leenheer.
Reply to a letter to the editor by G. Esposito. Trazodone anddothiepin poisoning. J. Anal. Toxicol., 20, 59-60 (1996).
51. E. Meyer, J.F. Van Bocxlaer, W.E. Lambert, L. Thienpont, and A.P.
De Leenheer. Identification of α-phenylethylamine in judicial
samples. J. Anal. Toxicicol., 20, 116-120 (1996).
52. S.M. De Baere, W.E. Lambert, J.F. Van Bocxlaer, and A.P. De
Leenheer. Quantitative gas chromatographic analysis of 3-cyano3,3-diphenylpropionic acid, the acidic metabolite of bezitramide(Burgodin®), in urine. J. Anal. Toxicol., 20, 159-164 (1996).
53. K.M. Clauwaert, J.F. Van Bocxlaer, W.E. Lambert, and A.P. De
Leenheer. Analysis of cocaine, benzoylecgonine, and cocaethylene
in urine by HPLC with diode array detection. Anal. Chem., 68,3021-3028 (1996).
54. J. Van Bocxlaer, E. Meyer, K. Clauwaert, W. Lambert, M. Piette,and A. De Leenheer. Zopiclone poisoning. (Reply to a Letter to the
Editor). J. Anal. Toxicol., 20, 274 (1996).
55. W.E. Lambert and K.J. Scott. Evolutions in the analysis of fatsoluble vitamins and carotenoids. Int. J. Vitam. Nutr. Res., 66, 270272 (1996).
56. J.F. Van Bocxlaer, W.E. Lambert, L. Thienpont, and A.P. De
Leenheer. Quantitative determination of amphetamine and αphenylethylamine enantiomers in judicial samples using capillarygas chromatography. J. Anal. Toxicol., 21, 5-11 (1997).
57. W.E. Lambert, J.F. Van Bocxlaer and A.P. De Leenheer. Potentialof high-performance liquid chromatography with photodiode array
detection in forensic toxicology. J. Chromatogr. B., 689, 45-53(1997).
58. M. Malbrain, G. Lambrecht, E. Zandyk, P. Demedts, H. Neels, W.
Lambert, A. De Leenheer, R. Lins and R. Daelemans. Treatment ofsevere thallium intoxication. J. Toxicol. Clin. Toxicol., 35, 97-100(1997).

59. E. Meyer, W.E. Lambert, and A. De Leenheer. Succinic acid is nota suitable indicator of suxamethonium exposure in forensic blood
samples. (Letter to the Editor). J. Anal. Toxicol., 21, 170-171 (1997).
60. J.F. Van Bocxlaer, K.M. Clauwaert, W.E. Lambert, and A.P. De
Leenheer. Quantitative colorimetric determination of urinary paminophenol with an automated analyzer. Clin. Chem., 43, 627-634(1997).
61. S. De Baere, E. Meyer, I. Dirinck, W. Lambert, M. Piette, C. Van
Peteghem, and A. De Leenheer.
Tissue distribution oftrichloroethylene and its metabolites in a forensic case. J. Anal.
Toxicol., 21, 223-227 (1997).
62. E. Meyer, J.F. Van Bocxlaer, I.M. Dirinck, W.E. Lambert, L.
Thienpont, and A.P. De Leenheer. Tissue distribution ofamphetamine isomers in a fatal overdose. J. Anal. Toxicol., 21, 236239 (1997).
63. K.M. Clauwaert, J.F. Van Bocxlaer, W.E. Lambert, and A.P. De
Leenheer. Liquid chromatographic determination of cocaine,benzoylecgonine, and cocaethylene in whole blood and serum
samples by diode-array detection. J. Chromatogr. Sci., 35, 321-328(1997).
64. W. Lambert, E. Meyer, J. Van Bocxlaer, A. De Leenheer, and M.
Piette. Relevance of toxicological screening for chloroquine innonmalarious areas. J. Anal. Toxicol., 21, 321-322 (1997).
65. W.E. Lambert. Book review: The Laboratory Practice of Clinical
Toxicology by E. Berman, Charles C. Thomas, Publisher. J.
Chromatogr. A., 775, 383 (1997).
66. S.M. De Baere, W.E. Lambert, and A.P. De Leenheer. Quantitative
analysis of despropionyl-bezitramide, the active metabolite of
bezitramide (Burgodin®), in biological samples by highperformance liquid chromatography with fluorescence detection.
Anal. Chem., 69, 5186-5192 (1997).

67. S.M. De Baere, W.E. Lambert and A.P. De Leenheer. Quantitativegas chromatographic analysis of [1-(4-piperidinyl)-1,3-dihydro-2H-

benzimidazole-2-one], the basic metabolite of Bezitramide(Burgodin®), in human urine. J. Anal. Toxicol., 22, 18-26 (1998).
68. S. De Baere, E. Meyer, W. Lambert, and A. De Leenheer. Testingfor driving under the influence of ethanol: misleading results causedby ether (Letter to the Editor). J. Anal. Toxicol., 22, 78-79 (1998).
69. W.E. Lambert. Book review: Bioavailability and Analysis of
Vitamins in Foods by G.F.M. Ball, Chapman and Hall, London. J.
Chromatogr. A, 796, 405 (1998).
70. E. Meyer, D. Borrey, W. Lambert, C. Van Peteghem, M. Piette and
A. De Leenheer. Analysis of fenthion in postmortem samples by
HPLC with diode-array detection and GC-MS using solid-phaseextraction. J. Anal. Toxicol., 22, 248-252 (1998).
71. K.M. Clauwaert, J.F. Van Bocxlaer, W.E. Lambert, E.G. Van den
Eeckhout, F. Lemière, E.L. Esmans and A.P. De Leenheer.
Narrow-bore HPLC in combination with fluorescence andelectrospray mass spectrometric detection for the analysis of cocaine
and metabolites in human hair. Anal. Chem., 70, 2336-2344 (1998).
72. D. Borrey, E. Meyer, W. Lambert and A.P. De Leenheer.
Comparison of quadrupole and (quadrupole) ion-trap massspectrometers for the analysis of benzodiazepines. J. Chromatogr.
A., 819, 125-131 (1998).
73. I. Dirinck, E. Meyer, J. Van Bocxlaer, W. Lambert and A. De
Leenheer. Application of gas chromatography-Fourier transform
infrared spectrometry to the analysis of amphetamine analogues. J.
Chromatogr. A, 819, 155-159 (1998).
74. S.M. De Baere, W.E. Lambert, E.L. Esmans and A.P. De Leenheer.
Identification and quantitation of despropionyl-bezitramide in
postmortem samples by liquid chromatography coupled toelectrospray ionization tandem mass spectrometry. Anal. Chem.,
71, 2908-2914 (1999).
75. K.M. Clauwaert, J.F. Van Bocxlaer, H.J. Major, J.A. Claereboudt,
W.E. Lambert, E.M. Van den Eeckhout, C.H. Van Peteghem and
A.P. De Leenheer. Investigation of the quantitative properties of
the quadrupole orthogonal acceleration TOF mass spectrometerwithelectrosprayionisationusing
3,4-methylenedioxy-

methamphetamine.
1545 (1999).

Rapid Commun. Mass Spectrom., 13, 1540-

76. R. Dams, W.E. Lambert, F. Comhaire and A.P. De Leenheer.
Production and characterization of sulforhodamine B containing
large unilammelar vesicles labelled with atrazine. Anal. Chim.
Acta, 399, 185-191 (1999).

77. K. Arys, J. Van Bocxlaer, K. Clauwaert, W. Lambert, M. Piette, C.
Van Peteghem and A. De Leenheer. Quantitative determination of
paraquat in a fatal intoxication by HPLC-DAD following chemical
reduction with sodium borohydride. J. Anal. Toxicol., 24, 116-121(2000).
78. K.M. Clauwaert, J.F. Van Bocxlaer, W.E. Lambert, and A.P. De
Leenheer. Segmental analysis for cocaine and metabolites by HPLC
in hair of suspected drug overdose cases. For. Sci. Int., 110, 157-166(2000).
79. E.A. De Letter, M.H.A. Piette, W.E. Lambert, and A.P. De
Leenheer.
Medico-legal implications of hidden thyroid dysfunctions: A study of two cases. Med. Sci. Law, 40, 251-257 (2000).
80. J.F. Van Bocxlaer, K.M. Clauwaert, W.E. Lambert, D.L. Deforce,
E.G. Van den Eeckhout, and A. De Leenheer.
Liquidchromatography-mass spectrometry in forensic toxicology. Mass
Spectrom. Rev., 19, 165-214 (2000).
81. T.N. Decaestecker, K.M. Clauwaert, J.F. Van Bocxlaer, W.E.
Lambert, E.G. Van den Eeckhout, C.H. Van Peteghem and A.P. De
Leenheer. Evaluation of automated single mass spectrometry totandem mass spectrometry function switching for comprehensive
drug profiling analysis using a quadrupole TOF mass spectrometer.
Rapid Commun. Mass Spectrom., 14, 1787-1792 (2000).
82. R. Dams, W.E. Lambert, K.M. Clauwaert and A.P. De Leenheer.
Comparison of phenyl-type columns in the development of a fastliquid chromatographic system for eighteen opiates commonly
found in forensic toxicology. J. Chromatogr. A, 896, 311-319 (2000).
83. K.M. Clauwaert, J.F. Van Bocxlaer, E.A. De Letter, S. Van
Calenbergh, W.E. Lambert, and A.P. De Leenheer. Determination

of the designer drugs 3,4-methylenedioxymethamphetamine, 3,4methylenedioxyethylamphetamine,
and3,4-methylenedioxyamphetamine with HPLC and fluorescence detection in whole
blood, serum, vitreous humor and urine. Clin. Chem., 46, 19681977 (2000).
84. E.A. De Letter, P. De Paepe, K.M. Clauwaert, F.M. Belpaire, W.E.
Lambert, J.F. Van Bocxlaer, and M.H.A. Piette. Is vitreous humour
usefulfortheinterpretationof
3,4-methylenedioxymethamphetamine (MDMA) blood levels? Experimental approachwith rabbits. Int. J. Legal Med., 114, 29-35 (2000).
85. D. Borrey, E. Meyer, W. Lambert, S. Van Calenbergh, C. Van
Peteghem and A.P. De Leenheer. Sensitive gas chromatographicmass spectrometric screening of acetylated benzodiazepines. J.
Chromatogr. A, 910, 105-118 (2001).
86. R. Dams, T.H.P. Benijts, W.E. Lambert, J.F. Van Bocxlaer, D. Van
Varenbergh, C. Van Peteghem and A.P. De Leenheer. A fatal caseof serotonin syndrome after combined moclobemide-citalopram
intoxication. J. Anal. Toxicol., 25, 147-151 (2001).
87. T. Benijts, J. Vercammen, R. Dams, H.P. Tuan, W. Lambert and P.
Sandra. Stir bar sorptive extraction-thermal desorption-capillarygas chromatography-mass spectrometry applied to the analysis ofpolychlorinated biphenyls in human sperm. J. Chromatogr. B, 755,
137-142, (2001).
88. K.J. Mortier, K.M. Clauwaert, W.E. Lambert, J.F. Van Bocxlaer,
E.G. Van den Eeckhout, C.H. Van Peteghem, and A.P. De Leenheer.
Pitfalls associated with liquid chromatography/electrospray tandem
mass spectrometry in quantitative bioanalysis of drugs of abuse insaliva. Rapid Commun. Mass Spectrom., 15, 1773-1775 (2001).
89. D. Borrey, E. Meyer, W. Lambert, C. Van Peteghem, and A.P. De
Leenheer. Simultaneous determination of fifteen low-dosed
benzodiazepines in human urine by solid-phase extraction and gas
chromatography-mass spectrometry. J. Chromatogr. B, 765, 187197 (2001).
90. R. Dams, T. Benijts, W.E. Lambert, D.L. Massart, and A.P. De
Leenheer. Heroin impurity profiling : trends throughout a decadeof experimenting. Forensic Sci. Int., 123, 81-88 (2001).

91. T. Decaestecker, E. De Letter, K. Clauwaert, M.P. Bouche, W.
Lambert, J. Van Bocxlaer, M. Piette, E. Van den Eeckhout, C. Van
Peteghem, and A. De Leenheer. Fatal 4-MTA intoxication :development of a liquid chromatographic – tandem mass
spectrometric assay for multiple matrices. J. Anal. Toxicol., 25, 705710 (2001).
92. R. Dams, T.H.P. Benijts, W.E. Lambert, J.F. Van Bocxlaer, C. Van
Peteghem, A.P. De Leenheer, and D. Van Varenbergh. A fatal caseof moclobemide – citalopram intoxication. (reply to a letter to the
Editor). J. Anal. Toxicol., 25, 717 (2001).
93. M-P. Bouche, W.E. Lambert, J.F. Van Bocxlaer, M.H. Piette, andA.P. De Leenheer. Quantitative determination of n-propane, isobutane and n-butane by headspace GC-MS in intoxications byinhalation of lighter fluid. J. Anal. Toxicol., 26, 35-42 (2002).
94. E. A. De Letter, K.M. Clauwaert, W.E. Lambert, J.F. Van Bocxlaer,
A.P. De Leenheer, and M.H. Piette. Distribution study of 3,4methylenedioxy-methamphetamine
and3,4-methylenedioxyamphetamine in a fatal overdose. J. Anal. Toxicol., 26, 113-118(2002).
95. K.A. Mortier, R. Dams, W.E. Lambert, E.A. De Letter, S. Van
Calenbergh, and A.P. De Leenheer. Determination ofparamethoxyamphetamine
and
other
amphetamine-related
designer drugs by liquid chromatography/sonic spray ionization
mass spectrometry. Rapid Commun. Mass Spectrom., 16, 865-870(2002).
96. R. Dams, T. Benijts, W.E. Lambert, and A.P. De Leenheer.
Simultaneous determination of in total 17 opium alkaloids andopioids in blood and urine by fast liquid chromatography-diodearray detection-fluorescence detection, after solid-phase extraction.
J. Chromatogr. B, 773, 53-61 (2002).
97. R. Dams, T. Benijts, W. Günther, W. Lambert, and A. De Leenheer.
Influence of the eluent composition on the ionization efficiency formorphine of pneumatically assisted electrospray, atmosphericpressure chemical ionization and sonic spray. Rapid Commun.
Mass Spetrom., 16, 1072-1077 (2002).

98. T. Benijts, R. Dams, W. Günther, W. Lambert, and A. De Leenheer.
Analysis of estrogenic contaminants in river water using liquid
chromatography coupled to ion trap based mass spectrometry.
Rapid Commun. Mass Spectrom., 16, 1358-1364 (2002).
99. R. Dams, T. Benijts, W. Günther, W. Lambert, and A. De Leenheer.
Sonic spray ionization technology : performance study andapplication to a LC/MS analysis on monolithic silica column forheroin impurity profiling. Anal. Chem., 74, 3206-3212 (2002).
100. E. A. De Letter, K.M. Clauwaert, F.M. Belpaire, W.E. Lambert, J.F.
Van Bocxlaer, and M.H.A. Piette. Post-mortem redistribution of
3,4-methylene-dioxy methamphetamine (MDMA, "ectasy") in the
rabbit. Part I : experimental approach after in vivo intravenous
infusion. Int. J. Legal Med., 116, 216-224 (2002).
101. E.A. De Letter, F.M. Belpaire, K.M. Clauwaert, W.E. Lambert, J.F.
Van Bocxlaer, and M.H.A. Piette. Post-mortem redistribution of
3,4-methylene-dioxy methamphetamine (MDMA, "ecstasy") in the
rabbit. Part II : post-mortem infusion in trachea or stomach. Int. J.
Legal Med., 116, 225-232 (2002).
102. K.A. Mortier, K.E. Maudens, W.E. Lambert, K.M. Clauwaert, J.F.
Van Bocxlaer, D.L. Deforce, C.H. Van Peteghem, and A.P. De
Leenheer. Simultaneous, quantitative determination of opiates,
amphetamines, cocaine and Benzoylecgonine in oral fluid by liquid
chromatography quadrupole-time-of-flight mass spectrometry. J.
Chromatogr. B, 779, 321-330 (2002).
103. D. Borrey, E. Meyer, L. Duchateau, W. Lambert, C. Van Peteghem,and A. De Leenheer. Enzymatic hydrolysis improves the sensitivityof Emit screening for urinary benzodiazepines. Clin. Chem., 48,
2047-2049 (2002).
104. A.V. Willems, D.L. Deforce, E.G. Van den Eeckhout, W.E.
Lambert, C.H. Van Peteghem, A.P. De Leenheer, and J.F. Van
Bocxlaer. Analysis of benzo(a)pyrene diol epoxide-DNA adducts bycapillaryzoneelectrophoresis-electrosprayionization-mass
spectrometry in conjunction with sample stacking. Electrophoresis,
23, 4092-4103 (2002).
105. T. Benijts, D. Borrey, W.E. Lambert, E.A. De Letter, M.H.A. Piette,
C. Van Peteghem, and A.P. De Leenheer. Analysis of flecainide andtwo metabolites in biological specimens by HPLC: application to afatal intoxication. J. Anal. Toxicol., 27, 47-52 (2003).
106. E.A. De Letter, M.F.A. Espeel, M.E.C. Craeymeersch, W.E.
Lambert, K.M. Clauwaert, R. Dams, K.A. Mortier, and M.A. Piette.
Immunohistochemical demonstration of the amphetamine
derivatives 3,4-methylenedioxy amphetamine (MDA) in humanpost-mortem brain tissues and the pituitary gland. Int. J. LegalMed., 117, 2-9 (2003).
107. R. Dams, C.M. Murphy, R.E. Choo, W.E. Lambert, A.P. De
Leenheer, and M.A. Huestis. LC-APCI-MS/MS analysis of multiple
illicit drugs, methadone, and their metabolites in oral fluid following
protein precipitation. Anal. Chem., 75, 798-804 (2003).
108. P. Van hee, M. Doncker, N. Vrydags, K. Schatteman, W.
Uyttenbroeck, W. Lambert, and H. Neels. Comment on
determination of glycols in biological specimens by gas
chromatography-mass spectrometry. (Letter to the Editor). J. Anal.
Toxicol., 27, 173-174 (2003).
109. K. Clauwaert, S. Vande Casteele, B. Sinnaeve, D. Deforce, W.
Lambert, C. Van Peteghem, and J. Van Bocxlaer. Exact massmeasurement of product ions for the structural confirmation andidentification of unknown compounds using a quadrupole time-offlight spectrometer : a simplified approach using combined tandem
mass spectrometric functions. Rapid Commun. Mass Spectrom., 17,1443-1448 (2003).
110. R. Dams, C.M. Murphy, W.E. Lambert, and M. Huestis. Urine drug
testing for opioids, cocaine, and metabolites by direct injection
liquid chromatography / tandem mass spectrometry. Rapid
Commun. Mass Spectrom., 17, 1665-1670 (2003).
111. R. Dams, E.A. De Letter, K.A. Mortier, J.A. Cordonnier, W.E.
Lambert, M.H.A. Piette, S. Van Calenbergh, and A.P. De Leenheer.
Fatality due to combined use of the designer drugs MDMA and
PMA : a distribution study. J. Anal. Toxicol., 27, 318-322 (2003).
112. T. Benijts, W. Günther, W. Lambert, and A. De Leenheer. Sonic
spray ionization applied to liquid chromatography / mass
spectrometry analysis of endocrine – disrupting chemicals inenvironmental water samples. Rapid Commun. Mass Spectrom., 17,
1866-1872 (2003).
113. D. Borrey, E. Meyer, L. Duchateau, W. Lambert, C. Van Peteghem,and A.P. De Leenheer. Longitudinal study on the prevalence ofbenzodiazepine (mis)use in a prison : importance of the analyticalstrategy. Addiction, 98, 1427-1432 (2003).
114. R. Dams, M. Huestis, W.E. Lambert, and C. Murphy. Matrix effectin bio-analysis of illicit drugs with LC-MS/MS: influence ofionization type, sample preparation, and biofluid. J. Am. Soc. Mass
Spectrom., 14, 1290-1294 (2003).
115. G-F. Zhang, K. Maudens, S. Storozhenko, K.A. Mortier, D. Van
Der Straeten, and W.E. Lambert. Determination of total folate inplant material by chemical conversion into p-aminobenzoic acidfollowed by high performance liquid chromatography combinedwith on-line postcolumn derivatization and fluorescence detection.
J. Agr. Food Chem., 51, 27, 7872-7878 (2003).
116. T. Benijts, W. Lambert, and A. De Leenheer. Analysis of multiple
endocrine disruptors in environmental waters via wide-spectrum
solid-phase extraction and dual-polarity ionization LC-ion trapMS/MS. Anal. Chem., 76, 704-711 (2004).
117. T. Benijts, R. Dams, W. Lambert, and A. De Leenheer. Counteringmatrix effects in environmental liquid chromatographyelectrospray ionization tandem mass spectrometry water analysis
for endocrine disrupting chemicals. J. Chromatogr. A, 1029, 153159 (2004).
118. K.A. Mortier, G.-F. Zhang, C.H. Van Peteghem, and W.E. Lambert.
Adduct formation in quantitative bioanalysis: effect of ionization
conditions on paclitaxel. J. Am. Soc. Mass Spectrom., 15, 585-592(2004).
119. E.A. De Letter, M.-P. Bouche, J.F. Van Bocxlaer, W.E. Lambert,
and M.H.A. Piette. Interpretation of a 3,4-methylenedioxymethamphetamine (MDMA) blood level : discussion by means of a
distribution study in two fatalities. For. Sci. Internat., 141, 85-90(2004).

120. S.M.R. Wille and W.E.E. Lambert. Volatile substance abuse – postmortem diagnosis. For. Sci. Internat., 142, 135-156 (2004).
121. K.A. Mortier, A.G. Verstraete, G.-F. Zhang, and W.E. Lambert.
Enhanced method performance due to a shorter chromatographic
run-time in a liquid chromatography – tandem mass spectrometry
assay for paclitaxel. J. Chromatogr. A, 1041, 235-238 (2004).
122. S.M.R. Wille and W.E.E. Lambert. Phemetrazine or ephedrine ?
Fooled by library search. J. Chromatogr. A, 1045, 259-262 (2004).
123. K.E. Maudens and W.E. Lambert. Quantitative analysis of twelve
sulfonamides in honey after acidic hydrolysis by HPLC with postcolumn derivatization and fluorescence detection. J. Chromatogr.
A, 1047, 85-92 (2004).
124. W. Lambert and H. Neels. Editorial. Therapeutic drug monitoringin clinical toxicology: current strategies, thoughts and views on the
future. Clin. Chem. Lab. Med., 42, 1203 (2004).
125. H.M. Neels, A.C. Sierens, K. Naelaerts, S.L. Scharpé, G.M. Hatfield,
and W.E. Lambert. Therapeutic drug monitoring of old and newer
anti-epileptic drugs. Clin. Chem. Lab. Med., 42, 1228-1255 (2004).
126. P. Van hee, H. Neels, M. De Doncker, N. Vrydags, K. Schatteman,
N. Hamers, D. Himpe, and W. Lambert. Analysis of gammahydroxy butyric acid, DL-lactic acid, glycolic acid, ethylene glycol
and other glycols in body fluids by a direct injection gas
chromatography-mass spectrometry assay for wide use. Clin. Chem.
Lab. Med., 42, 1341-1345 (2004).
127. A.V. Willems, D.L. Deforce, W.E. Lambert, C.H. Van Peteghem,and J.F. Van Bocxlaer. Rapid characterization of oligonucleotides
by capillary liquid chromatography-nano electrospray quadrupole
time-of-flight mass spectrometry. J. Chromatogr. A., 1052, 93-101(2004).
128. K. Clauwaert, T. Decaestecker, K. Mortier, W. Lambert, D.
Deforce, C. Van Peteghem, and J. Van Bocxlaer. The determinationof cocaine, benzoylecgonine, and cocaethylene in small-volume oral
fluid samples by liquid chromatography-quadrupole time-of-flightmass spectrometry. J. Anal. Toxicol., 28, 655-659 (2004).

129. T.N. Decaestecker, W.E. Lambert, C.H. Van Peteghem, D. Deforce,and J.F. Van Bocxlaer. Optimization of solid-phase extraction for aliquid chromato-graphic-tandem mass spectrometric general
unknown screening procedure by means of computational
techniques. J. Chromatogr. A, 1056, 57-65 (2004).
130. G.F. Zhang, K.A. Mortier, S. Storozhenko, J. Van De Steene, D.
Van Der Straeten, and W. Lambert. Free and total paraaminobenzoic acid analysis in plants with high-performance liquid
chromatography/tandem mass spectrometry. Rapid Commun. Mass
Spectrom., 19, 963-969 (2005).
131. G.F. Zhang, S. Storozhenko, D. Van Der Straeten, W. Lambert.
Investigation of the extraction behavior of the main monoglutamate
folates from spinach by liquid chromatography – electrosprayionization tandem mass spectrometry. J. Chromatogr. A, 1078, 5966 (2005).
132. S. Storozhenko, S. Ravanel, G.F. Zhang, F. Rébeillé, W. Lambert,
and D. Van Der Straeten. Folate enhancement in staple crops by
metabolic engineering. Trends in Food Sci. & Technol., 16, 271-281(2005).
133. K.A. Mortier, V. Renard, A.G. Verstraete, A. Van Gussem, S. Van
Belle, and W. Lambert. Development and validation of a liquid
chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry assay for thequantification of docetaxel and paclitaxel in human plasma and oral
fluid. Anal. Chem., 77, 4677-4683 (2005).
134. A. Galinier, B. Periquet, W. Lambert, J. Garcia, C. Assouline, M.
Rolland, and J.-P. Thouvenot. Reference range for micronutrientsand nutritional marker proteins in cord blood of neonates
appropriated for gestational ages. Early Hum. Dev., 81, 583-593(2005).
135. S.M.R. Wille, K.E. Maudens, C.H. Van Peteghem, and W.E.E.
Lambert. Development of a solid phase extraction for 13 ‘new’
generation antidepressants and their active metabolites for gas
chromatographic – mass spectrometric analysis. J. Chromatogr. A,
1098, 19-29 (2005).

136. E.A. De Letter, M.H.A. Piette, W.E. Lambert, and J. Cordonnier.
Amphetamines as potential inducers of fatalities : a review in the
district of Ghent from 1976-2004. Med. Sci. Law, 46, 37-65 (2006).
137. K.A. Mortier and W.E. Lambert. Determination of unbounddocetaxel and paclitaxel in plasma by ultrafiltration and liquid
chromatography – tandem mass spectrometry. J. Chromatogr. A,
1108, 195-201 (2006).
138. P. Van hee, H. Neels, W. Lambert, V. Coucke, and M. Dedoncker.
Postmortem distribution of sildenafil in histological material. J.
Anal. Toxicol., 30, 403-404 (2006).
139. J.C. Van De Steene, K.A. Mortier, and W.E. Lambert. Tackling
matrix effects during development of a liquid chromatographic –electrospray ionisation tandem mass spectrometric analysis of ninebasic pharmaceuticals in aqueous environmental samples. J.
Chromatogr. A, 1123, 71-81 (2006).
140. R. Dams, R.E. Choo, W.E. Lambert, H. Jones, and M.A. Huestis.
Oral fluid as an alternative matrix to monitor opiate and cocaine
use in substance-abuse treatment patients. Drug Alc. Dep., 87, 258267 (2007).
141. K.E. Maudens, S.M.R. Wille, and W.E. Lambert. Traces ofphosgene in chloroform: consequences for extraction ofanthracyclines. J. Chromatogr. B, 848, 384-390 (2007).
142. S. Storozhenko, O. Navarrete, S. Ravanel, V. De Brouwer, P.
Chaerle, G.F. Zhang, O. Bastien, W. Lambert, F. Rébeillé, D. Van
Der
Straeten.
Cytosolichydroxymethyldihydropterin
pyrophosphokinase / dihydropteroate synthase form Arabidopsis
thaliana. A specific role in early development and stress response. J.
Biol. Chem., 282, 10749-10761 (2007).
143. A.A. Van Landeghem, E.A. De Letter, W.E. Lambert, C.H. Van
Peteghem, and M.H.A. Piette. Aconitine involvement in an unusual
homicide case. Int. J. Legal Med., 121, 214-219 (2007).
144. E.A. De Letter, W.E. Lambert, M.-P.L.A. Bouche, J.A.C.M.
Cordonnier, J.F. Van Bocxlaer, and M.H.A. Piette. Postmortem
distribution of 3,4-methylenedioxy-N,N-dimethyl-amphetamine

(MDDM or MDDA) in a fatal MDMA overdose. Int. J. Legal Med.,
121, 303-307 (2007).
145. S.M.R. Wille and W.E.E. Lambert. Recent developments inextraction procedures relevant to analytical toxicology. Anal.
Bioanal. Chem. , 388, 1381-1391(2007).
146. K. Loizeau, B. Gambonnet, G.-F. Zhang, G. Curien, S. Jabrin, D.
Van Der Straeten, W.E. Lambert, F. Rébeillé, and S. Ravanel.
Regulation of one-carbon metabolism in Arabidopsis: the Nterminal regulatory domain of cystathionine γ-synthase is cleaved in
response to folate starvation. Plant Physiol., 145, 491-503, (2007).
147. V. De Brouwer, G.-F. Zhang, S. Storozhenko, D. Van Der Straeten,
and W. Lambert. pH stability of individual folates during criticalsample preparation steps in prevision of the analysis of plant folates.
Phytochem. Anal., 18, 496-508, (2007).
148. S. Storozhenko, V. De Brouwer, M. Volckaert, O. Navarrete, D.
Blancquaert, G.-F. Zhang, W. Lambert, and D. Van Der Straeten.
Folate fortification of rice by metabolic engineering. Nature
Biotech., 25, 1277-1279 (2007).
149. S.M.R. Wille, P. Van hee, H.M. Neels, C.H. Van Peteghem, and W.
E. Lambert. Comparison of electron and chemical ionization modes
by validation of a quantitative gas chromatographic-mass
spectrometric assay of new generation antidepressants and theiractive metabolites in plasma. J. Chromatogr. A, 1176, 236-245(2007).
150. S. Bekaert, S. Storozhenko, P. Mehrshahi, M.J. Bennett, W.
Lambert, J.F. Gregory III, K. Schubert, J. Hugenholtz, D. Van Der
Straeten, and A.D. Hanson. Folate biofortification in food plants.
Trends in Plant Sci., 13, 28-35 (2008).
151. S.M.R. Wille, S.G. Cooreman, H.M. Neels, and W.E.E. Lambert.
Relevant issues in the monitoring and the toxicology of old and new
antidepressants. Crit. Rev. Clin. Lab. Sci., 45, 25-89 (2008).
152. J.C. Van De Steene and W.E. Lambert. Validation of a solid-phaseextraction and liquid chromatography - electrospray tandem mass
spectrometric method for the determination of nine basic

pharmaceuticals in wastewater and surface water samples. J.
Chromatogr. A, 1182, 153-160 (2008).
153. E.A. De Letter, B.N.W. Vandekerkhove, W.E. Lambert, D. Van
Varenbergh, and M.H.A. Piette. Hospital bed related fatalities: areview. Med. Sci. Law, 48, 37-50 (2008).
154. K.E. Maudens, C.P. Stove and W.E. Lambert. Optimization of aliquid chromatographic separation for the simultaneous
determination of four anthracylines and their respective 13-Sdihydro metabolites. J. Sep. Sci., 31, 1042-1049 (2008).
155. J.C. Van De Steene and W.E. Lambert. Comparison of matrix
effects in HPLC-MS/MS and UPLC-MS/MS analysis of nine basic
pharmaceuticals in surface waters. J. Am. Soc. Mass Spectrom., 19,713-718 (2008).
156. V. De Brouwer, S. Storozhenko, J.C. Van De Steene, S.M.R. Wille,
C.P. Stove, D. Van Der Straeten and W.E. Lambert. Optimisationand validation of a liquid chromatography-tandem mass
spectrometry method for folates in rice. J. Chromatogr. A, 1215,
125-132 (2008).
157. K. Loizeau, V. De Brouwer, B. Gambonnet, A. Yu, J.-P. Renou, D.
Van Der Straeten, W.E. Lambert, and S. Ravanel. A genome-wide
and metabolic analysis determined the adaptive response of
Arabidopsis cells to folate depletion induced by methotrexate. Plant
Physiol., 148, 2083-2095 (2008).
158. V. Van Wilder, V. De Brouwer, K. Loizeau, B. Gambonnet, C.
Albrieux, D. Van Der Straeten, W.E. Lambert, R. Douce, M.A.
Block, F. Rebeille and S. Ravanel. C1 metabolism and chlorophyll
synthesis: the Mg-protoporphyrin IX methyltransferase activity isdependent on the folate status. New Phytologist, 182, 137-145 (2009).
159. S.M.R. Wille, E.A. De Letter, M.H.A. Piette, L.K. Van Overschelde,
C.H. Van Peteghem, and W.E. Lambert. Determination ofantidepressants in human post-mortem blood, brain tissue, and hairusing gas chromatography-mass spectrometry. Int. J. Legal Med.,
123, 451-458 (2009).
160. K.E. Maudens, C.P. Stove, V.F.J. Cocquyt, H. Denys, and W.E.
Lambert. Development and validation of a liquid chromatographicmethod for the simultaneous determination of four anthracyclines
and their respective 13-S-dihydro metabolites in plasma and saliva.
J. Chromatogr. B, 877, 3907-3915 (2009).
161. V. De Brouwer, S. Storozhenko, C.P. Stove, D. Van Der Straeten,
and W.E. Lambert. Determination of folate monoglutamates inbiofortified rice with UPLC-MS/MS. Pteridines, 20, special issue,148-155 (2009).
162. V. De Brouwer, S. Storozhenko, C.P. Stove, J. Van Daele, D. Van
Der Straeten, and W.E. Lambert. Ultra-performance liquid
chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry (UPLC-MS/MS) for
the sensitive determination of folates in rice. J. Chromatogr. B, 878,
509-513 (2010).
163. D. Blancquaert, S. Storozhenko, K. Loizeau, H. De Steur, V. De
Brouwer, J. Viaene, S. Ravanel, F. Rébeillé, W. Lambert, and D.
Van Der Straeten. Folates and folic acid: from fundamental
research toward sustainable health. Crit. Rev. Plant Sci., 29, 14-35(2010).
164. H. De Steur, X. Gellynck, S. Storozhenko, G. Liqun, W. Lambert,
D. Van Der Straeten, and J. Viaene. Willingness-to-accept andpurchase genetically modified rice with high folate content in
Shanxi Province, China. Appetite, 54, 118-125 (2010).
165. H. De Steur, X. Gellynck, S. Storozhenko, Ge Liqun, W. Lambert,
D. Van Der Straeten, and J. Viaene. Health impact in China of
folate-biofortified rice. Nature Biotech., 28, 554-556 (2010).
166. J.C. Van De Steene, C.P. Stove, and W.E. Lambert. A field study on
8 pharmaceuticals and 1 pesticide in Belgium: Removal rates inwaste water treatment plants and occurrence in surface water. Sci.
Total Environ., 408, 3448-3453 (2010).
167. C.P. Stove, E.A. De Letter, M.H.A. Piette and W.E. Lambert. Micein ecstasy: advanced animal models in the study of MDMA. Curr.
Pharm. Biotech., 11, 421-433 (2010).
168. E.A. De Letter, C.P. Stove, W.E. Lambert, and M.H.A. Piette. PostMortem (Re)Distribution of 3,4-Methylenedioxymethamphetamine(MDMA, "Ecstasy"): Human and Animal Data. Curr. Pharm.
Biotech., 11, 453-459 (2010).

169. A.-S. M.E. Ingels, W.E. Lambert, and C.P. Stove. Determination of
gamma-hydroxybutyric acid in dried blood spots using a simple
GC-MS method with direct “on spot” derivatization. Anal. Bioanal.
Chem., 398, 2173-2182 (2010).
170. K.E. Maudens, C.P. Stove, and W.E. Lambert. Quantitative liquid
chromatographic analysis of anthracyclines in biological fluids. J.
Chromatogr. B, 879, 2471-2486 (2011).
171. A.-S. Ingels, P. De Paepe, K. Anseeuw, D. Van Sassenbroeck, H.
Neels, W. Lambert, and C. Stove. Dried blood spot punches forconfirmation of suspected γ-hydroxybutyric acid intoxications:validation of an optimized GC-MS procedure. Bioanalysis, 3, 22712281 (2011).
172. J.C. Van De Steene and W.E. Lambert. Determination of four basic
pharmaceuticals and one pesticide in surface water with UPLCESI-MS/MS. Intern. J. Environ. Anal. Chem., 12, 1218-1226 (2011).
173. A. van Nuijs, K.E. Maudens, W.E. Lambert, S. Van Calenbergh,
M.D.P. Risseeuw, P. Van hee, A. Covaci and H. Neels. Dancing oncoke: smuggling cocaine dispersed in polyvinyl alcohol. J. Forensic
Sci., 57, 234-238 (2012).
174. O. Navarrete, J. Van Daele, C. Stove, W. Lambert, D. Van Der
Straeten and S. Storozhenko. A folate independent role for cytosolic
HPPK/DHPS upon stress in Arabidopsis thaliana. Phytochemistry,73, 23-33 (2012).
175. H. De Steur, X. Gellynck, D. Blancquaert, W. Lambert, D. Van Der
Straeten and M. Qaim. Potential impact and cost-effectiveness ofmulti-biofortified rice in China. New Biotechnol., 29, 432-442(2012).
176. C.P. Stove, A.-S.M.E. Ingels, P.M.M. De Kesel and W.E. Lambert.
Dried blood spots in toxicology: from the cradle to the grave? Crit.
Rev. Toxicol., 42, 230-243 (2012).
177. D. Camara, C. Bisanz, C. Barette, J. Van Daele, E. Human, B.
Barnard, D. Van Der Straeten, C.P. Stove, W.E. Lambert, R. Douce,
E. Maréchal, L-M. Birkholtz, M-F. Cesbron-Delauw, R. Dumas andF. Rébeillé. Inhibition of p-aminobenzoate and folate syntheses inplants and apicomplexan parasites by natural product rubreserine.
J. Biol. Chem., 287, 22367-22376 (2012).
178. P. Van hee, H. Neels, M. De Doncker, K.E. Maudens, W. Lambertand L. Patteet. Ethylene glycol poisoning: Quintessential clinical
toxicology; analytical conundrum. Clin. Chim. Acta, 415, 107-108(2012).
179. S.M.L. Van Den Broecke, E.A. De Letter, W.E. Lambert, A.G.
Verstraete and M.H.A. Piette. Methadone-related fatalities: Review
in the Ghent district between 1978-2008. Acta Clin. Belg., 67, 352361 (2012).
180. H. De Steur, D. Blancquaert, X. Gellynck, W. Lambert and D. Van
Der Straeten. Ex-ante evaluation of biotechnology innovations: thecase of folate biofortified rice in China. Curr. Pharm. Biotech., 13,2751-2760 (2012).
181. O. Navarette, J. Van Daele, C. Stove, W. Lambert, S. Storozhenko
and D. Van Der Straeten. Isolation and characterisation of an
antifolate insensitive (afi1) mutant of Arabidopsis thaliana. Plant
Biol., 15, 37-44 (2013).
182. C.P. Stove, E.A. De Letter, M.H. Piette and W.E. Lambert. Fatality
following a suicidal overdose with varenicline. Int. J. Legal Med.,
127, 85-91 (2013).
183. S. Capiau, V.V. Stove, W.E. Lambert and C.P. Stove. Prediction of
the hematocrit of dried blood spots via Potassium measurement on
a routine clinical chemistry analyzer. Anal. Chem., 85, 404-410(2013).
184. A.-S.M.E. Ingels, K.B. Hertegonne, W.E. Lambert and C.P. Stove.
Feasibility of following up gamma-hydroxybutyric acidconcentrations in Sodium Oxybate (Xyrem®)-treated narcoleptic
patients using dried blood spot sampling at home. An exploratory
study. CNS Drugs, 27, 233-237 (2013).
185. A.-S.M.E. Ingels, H. Neels, W.E. Lambert and C.P. Stove.
Determination of gamma-hydroxybutyric acid in biofluids using a
one-step procedure with “in-vial” derivatization and headspacetrap gas chromatography-mass spectrometry. J. Chromatogr. A,
1296, 84-92 (2013).

186. N. Kummer, S. Wille, V. Di Fazio, W. Lambert and N. Samyn. A
fully validated method for the quantification of ethyl glucuronide
and ethyl sulphate in urine by UPLC-ESI-MS/MS applied in aprospective alcohol self-monitoring study. J. Chromatogr. B, 929,
149-154 (2013).
187. P.M.M. De Kesel, N. Sadones, S. Capiau, W.E. Lambert and C.P.
Stove. Hemato-critical issues in quantitative analysis of dried blood
spots: challenges and solutions. Bioanalysis, 5, 2023-2041 (2013).
188. D. Blancquaert, S. Storozhenko, J. Van Daele, C. Stove, R.G.F.
Visser, W. Lambert and D. Van Der Straeten. Enhancing pterin andpara-aminobenzoate content is not sufficient to successfully
biofortify potato tubers and Arabidopsis thaliana plants with folate.
J. Exp. Botany, 64, 3899-3909 (2013).
189. C.P. Stove, A.-S.M.E. Ingels and W.E. Lambert. Quantitation of
gamma-hydroxybutyric acid in dried blood spots in newborn
screening. Mol. Genet. Metab.,110, 195 (2013).
190. D. Blancquaert, J. Van Daele, S. Storozhenko, C. Stove, W.
Lambert and D. Van Der Straeten. Rice folate enhancement
through metabolic engineering has an impact on rice seedmetabolism, but does not affect the expression of the endogenous
folate biosynthesis genes. Plant Mol. Biol., 83, 329-349 (2013).
191. H. De Steur, D. Blancquaert, X. Gellynck, S. Storozhenko, G.
Liqun, W. Lambert, D. Van Der Straeten and J. Viaene. How
negative product attributes alter consumer perceptions of folate
biofortified rice in a high risk region of China. Int. J. Biotechnology,
12, 269-287 (2013).
192. C.L. Crunelle, M. Yegles, A.L.N. van Nuijs, A. Covaci, M. De
Doncker, K.E. Maudens, B. Sabbe, G. Dom, W.E. Lambert, P.
Michielsen and H. Neels. Hair ethyl glucuronide levels as a marker
for alcohol use and abuse: A review of the current state of the art.
Drug Alcohol Depend., 134, 1-11 (2014).
193. J. Van Daele, D. Blancquaert, F. Kiekens, D. Van Der Straeten,
W.E. Lambert and C.P. Stove. Folate profiling in potato (Solanum
tuberosum)
tubersbyultrahigh-performanceliquidchromatography-tandem mass spectrometry. J. Agric. Food Chem.,
62, 3092-3100 (2014).
194. A.-S. M.E. Ingels, S.M.R. Wille, N. Samyn, W.E. Lambert and C.P.
Stove. Screening and confirmation methods for GHB determinationin biological fluids. Anal. Bioanal. Chem., 406, 3553-3577 (2014).
195. P.M.M. De Kesel, W.E. Lambert and C.P. Stove. Why dried blood
spots are an ideal tool for CYP1A2 phenotyping. Clin.
Pharmacokinet., 53, 763-771 (2014).
196. P.M.M. De Kesel, S. Capiau, W.E. Lambert and C.P. Stove. Current
strategies for coping with the hematocrit problem in dried blood
spot analysis. Bioanalysis, 6, 1871-1874 (2014).
197. P.M.M. De Kesel, S. Capiau, V.V. Stove, W.E. Lambert and C.P.
Stove. Potassium-based algorithm allows correction for thehematocrit bias in quantitative analysis of caffeine and its major
metabolite in dried blood spots. Anal. Bioanal. Chem., 406, 67496755 (2014).
198. H. De Steur, D. Blancquaert, W. Lambert, D. Van Der Straeten and
X. Gellynck. Conceptual framework for ex-ante evaluation at the
micro/macro level of GM-crops with health benefits. Trends Food
Sci. & Technol., 39, 116-134 (2014).
199. N. Sadones, S. Capiau, P.M. De Kesel, W.E. Lambert and C.P.
Stove. Spot them in the spot: analysis of abused substances using
dried blood spots. Bioanalysis, 6, 2211-2227 (2014).
200. P.M.M. De Kesel, W.E. Lambert and C.P. Stove. CYP1A2
phenotyping in dried blood spots and microvolumes of whole bloodand plasma. Bioanalysis, 6, 3011-3024 (2014).
201. H. De Steur, M.K. Dora, D. Blancquaert, G. Liqun, W. Lambertand D. Van Der Straeten. Evaluating GM biofortified rice in areas
with a high prevalence of folate deficiency. Int. J. Biotechnology, 13,257-279 (2014).
202. N. Kummer, S.M.R. Wille, V. Di Fazio, M. Del Mar Ramirez
Fernandez, M. Yegles, W.E.E. Lambert and N. Samyn. Impact of
the grinding process on the quantification of ethyl glucuronide inhair using a validated UPLC-ESI-MS-MS method. J. Anal. Toxicol.,39, 17-23 (2015).
203. H. De Steur, D. Blancquaert, S. Strobbe, W. Lambert, X. Gellynck
and D. Van Der Straeten. Status and market potential of transgenic
biofortified crops. Nature Biotech., 33, 25-29 (2015).
204. F. Kiekens, D. Blanquaert, L. Devisscher, J. Van Daele, V.V. Stove,
J.R. Delanghe, D. Van Der Straeten, W.E. Lambert and C.P. Stove.
Folates from metabolically engineered rice: A long-term study inrats. Mol. Nutr. Food Res., 59, 490-500 (2015).