20A

BEVISION OF' TIIE SOUTH AI\4ERICAN DIPTEROUS
INSECTS OX' TIIE X'AMILY PTYCHOPTERIDA.
By Calnr-ns P. Ar,oxr.NDtrtR,
Of tlu Entarnologiml Laboratory of Cornzll Utthtasity, Ithaca, Ntw York.

The only genus of Ptychopteridae as yet made krown from the
Neotropical regions is Tonyd,erus Philippi,l erected in 1865 toreceive the then unique species, pinttts Philippi, of Chile. Two
New Zealand species, fmcipafu* Osten Sacken2 and annntlt'feru'sHuiton,s have been described. The Cyld"nd'rotomnornat'issimn,
described by Doleschall from the East Indies in 1858,was later foundto be a t'rue Tangd,erus.a
I have given, below, a rather free translation of Philippi's originaldescription of T. pnctusand also add the description of a fifth species,
the second from the American continent.
KEY

TO TEE

A.IIEnICAN

SPECIDS Or. TANYDERUS'

Anal angle of the wing very aharp; wing with two brown faecia which are almost
unicolorous in all of the cells; antenne with at least 25 segments--pi,ctu's.
Anal angle of the wing less pronounced, squarel wing with an irregtlar picture; clark
along the cross-veins, nuch paler in the posterior cells of the wing; antenne
17-segmented-.--.-.-:------patagmi'ctn.
TAI|TYDERUSPIC-TUSPhiUDDt.

Length body, 12 l.; wing expanse,26 l.
Ifead quite black, only the &ntennseare pale yellow, except thefirst two segments, which, however, are black. The long, slender
neck-like prothorax is also black and there appea,rsabove in the
cephalic half a caniculated exca,va,tion,which is run through by anelevated longitudinal line continuing to the posterior margin. The
anterior portion of the mesothoracic prrescutum is yellow with ablack spot in the middle; the remainder of the mesothorax is, for themost part, black; on the pleura, in front of the wing basis,is a yellow
r R,. A. Philtppi. Aulziihlung der Chileniscben Dipteren, Yexh. der Zodl.-trot. Ges.' 1866,vol. 15' pp.
780,781,pl.29, flg. 57.
t Yerh. zo6l.-bot. G€s.,1479,p. 518.
3frans. New Z€ala,ld Institute, vol. 32,p, 48.
. Ostenga€ken,Stutlieeon Tipulide, pt.2,188?,pp. ?28-230.

VoL. ,+4-No. 1953.
U. S. Nlrrot{au MusEUM,
PRocEEDrNos

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PEOCEEDING,SOI' rEE NATIONAL MASEAM.

YOL.44.

6pot' and the spacebefore tho scutellum is likewise yellow; remainderof the plewre yellow with black spots; metanotud is yeliowish withfour black spots on the caudal mu"gin. Tho segmentsJt the abdomena,reyellow with black posterior edgesand black longitudi.al spots, ofwhich there are four on the dorsum in two rows. The winls haveyellow veins and a yellowish membrane, .especially in the ioiadt",
and there are ramifying, yellow, black-bordered ciossbands, whichmake this spgciesotr" oI o,r" *o.t beautiful ripulids. Cnu-Lg, u""yellowish wiih black coxn and a brackish ring above and below theknee; t'hey are rather strongly haired. rralteres are black withbright stem.
The species has an extremely sharp anal angle and possesses&superuumera,rycross vein in cell En of the wing.

$Frc. 1.-LaaBBAL ogp'cT oF TE! EraD oF ?lNr,DEnus par..c.*,ggg.
d, A'TaFTNA; b, cl,yp[usir!I,pus; d, LABRUM; e, rrrrxrlr.a; t Eypopsaa,l.Nx (?);
9, EypopEArvNx (?); tu,tf,r*:**"
TAlvyDtRItS

PATAeONICUS,

rew s!tscles.

Anteooe l7-segmented; thorax gray wiih chestnut stripes; anal
angle of the wings not prominentl supernumera.rycross veiis in cens
& ma Bu; wings marked with brown and gray.
Female.-Length,mm.; wing, tg.2 mm. Legs, posterior.12.1
femora,8.2 mm.; tibia, g.8 mm.
Head,.-Mouth parts, cll'peus (b) rather quadrate, about as broad.
as long; the iabrum closely applied to its cephalic margin. Labrum(d) elongate, depressed, flattened, its edges toward ihe tip,
withnumerous stout hairs; underneath the labrum is a pair1e1of elon-\No.1963. NEVISIONOF FAMILYPTYCHOPTENIDA_ALEXANDER,.

333

gate, slender, extremely pointed stylets which I believe to behomologous with t'he maxille of certain other Diptera (Tabanidr);
at the base of the maxilla, beneath the clypeus, *iru the elongafud
mllllary palpi (c), which are almost, as long as the antennr; thesepalpi are .5-segmented;segment 1 short; Z t*ice as long as 1; B
Ionger than 1 and 2 combined; 4 and b subequal, longel than 2b-ut shorter than B; palpi clothed with long apprJs"ua nuii.; berween
the labrum and labium, there projects an elongated stylei, almost
as broad as the labrum, which seems to be homologous with thohypopharynx (/); ihe possibility exists, however, thal it ma,y consist of the two mandibles closely appiied to one another. The
specimenis unique and f do not care toremorre the mouth parts. The elongated labium (h) apparently 2-segmented, and bearing a pair of broad
palpi at the tip, arises from the ventral surface of the head; viewed frombeneath, the labium is seen to consistof a basal and apicai piece, the latter
deeply divided by a longitudinal furrow; the palpi divergent, tfueir margins
clothed with long, stout hairs; frombetween the palpi there projects outrya,rd a narrow compressedorgan (g);thig may (in case the organ (/) d"scribed above as possibly being thehypopharynxis not this) be the hypopharynx. In this case the mandibles
would be present and accounted forin
the organ describedabove as the hypoB're. 2.-DoEsAL AspEcr oF TEE EEAD oF
pharynx.
TI.NYDEBUs p.{'racoNrcos. d, ANTENNA;
Occipital region narowed behind, o, Cryp.EUs; c, [.AjtrrLLABy pALpUS;
d,LAB&UM; e, lfAXII/I4r.
broadening to the vertex; vertex narrowed between the eyes,-itssidesparallel; front encroachingonto theinner margin of the eye in a broad, shalrow sinus, in which ihe antenne (o) are located. Antenna, l7-segmented; ihe scapai segmenrs.
almost, smooth or with very smal nairs; botf, segments short, thefirst cylindrical, the second ovar, its distal end mire enlargea; theflagellar segr:rentsclothed with dense appressedhairs; basal?agelar
segments almost subequal; apicar segments moro erongated. (seefigs. 1 and 2.)
Mouth-parts yellow, the labium brown; maxillary palpi
dark,clypeus dull brownish gray; antennre dark bro"wn,the cloth!"o*i,,ing of hairs on the flagellum rath"r'puler

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Front dark brown, black apically and with a na,rrowmedian stripe;vertex brown with a black U-shaped mark between the eyesI occiput
and genrebrown.
Cervical sclerites prominent, transverse, deep velvety black on thedorsal mid line, grayish brown laterally.
Tltoran.-Pronotum, the scutum projects on the dorsa^lsurfaco of
the insect, tho scutellum is not visibie from above, dark brown, paler
on tho sides. Mesonotum, prrescutum gray, the extreme mid line narrowly black; on either sicle of this, extending from the cephaiic
margin of the sclerite backward to the transverso suture where they
becomeconfluent, a broad chestnut stlipe; iaterad of this, near tlre
middle of the sclerite, a broad brownish-chestnut.stripe runs backward, intermpted by the shallow, open, transverse Suture. Scutum
light browa mesially, caused by the spreading out of the central
prrescutal stripes; on the sides of the scleribe are the well-definedFre.3.-wrNG
oFraI{yDEBUs*'"*;I#LffkrrffThflr,aDros1;15,RADrua
5' .trfi,ilEDra1;

continuations of the brownish-chestnut lateral prrescutal stripes;
scutellum and post-notum rich brown; metanotum dull brown.
Pleurm, spiracles prominent, spongy in appearance, yellow; epipleura gray, sternal region more brown. Halteres brown, stem
slightly paler. Legs, coxre, and trochanters clull gray; femora richbrown; darh brown at the tip; tibia extreme base and tip browa,remainder yeilow; tarsi dark brown.
Wings.-4enation, Sc long, its tip nearer the fork of -&r*, than to
the fork of R n*o; a spur at the fork of Bc; a slight spur at the origiaof .&u; an oblique supernumerary cross vein in cell fir; a second ono
in cell,Bu. Anal angle of ths wing not especiallyprominent.
Wiog (fig. 3) subhyaline, vehs brown; cells C and 8c yellow;
wings marked with gray and brown as follows: Brownl a rounded
spot at tho base of the wing under the crossvein h; a secondat tho
origin of Bu; a third under the tip of 8c; a large irregular spot extonding along tho cord which is on the proximal ha,Uof tho wing; a\I{ No.1963.&VWSION OF FAMIty

PTyCEOPTERIDA-AI'EXANDV&.

335

brown so&rnon ths two supornunorary cross vsins and on zr,; stigmaoval,Iightor brown. The gray extonds as an irregular band distadof thesupemumera,tycrossvoins; and as an intemrpted band proximadof thecord; a,nieolated spot in the ends of the colls Cu, and.Cu.
Abil,ornm,-4ergum light yellowish brown; a na,rrow bmwn medianstripe; caudal edge of the sclorites gray, inbomrpted medially by thebrown median line; lateral odge of the sclerites darkbrownishblack,nanowost caudally; segmont eight da.rk brown; genital'segment
light bmwn. Sternum light yolowish white, a brown transverse
sub-basal ba,nd; eighth segment da,rk brown.
I wish to tha,nk Dr. W. A. Biloy, of Cornell, for lrind assistancewith this pa,por.
EoT,otgpe.-Lat'itude Cove, Patagonia; Unitod States Bureau ofFisheries; acceesionNo. 21999.
Type.-4at No. 14919,U.S.N.M.