194,

Dr. C. P, Alexander onwith three pairs of black subtriangular spots ; fore femur on
apical half, fore tibia except base and all of fore tarsi black,
mid and hind tarsi fuscous.
Length 3"5-4"5 ram.
T.~pe, male, allotype, three male and six female paratypes,
Coimbatore, 8. India, viii.-ix. 1915, reared from cholam(Andropoyon sorghum). Paratypes, 16specimens from same
locality, i.-ii. 19[4, reared from cholam stubble (Y. Ramachandra Rao.).

X X I . - - N e w or liltle-known Tipulidm (Diptera). ~ X.VI.
Australasian Species. By CHARLESP. ALEXANDER,Ph.D.,
F.E.S., Massachusetts Agricultural College, Amherst,
Massachusetts, U.S.A.
THE present paper is based upon New Zealand species,
collected by my friends Messrs. Campbell, Hm'ris, Lindsay,
Tapley, and Watt. The types are preserved in the writer's
collection through the kindness aud generosity of tile
collectors.

2)icranomyia canterburiana, sp. I1.
Belongs to the hutloni group; rostrum oehreous-yellow ;antennal segments with short basal pedicels; mesonotal
prmscutum with three brown stripes; pleura heavily greypruirmse; wings tinged with grey, the stigma and seams
amng the cord and outer end of cell lsl M~ pale brown ; asupernumerary cross-vein in cell Se ; male hypopygium withthe ventral dististyle large and fleshy.
Male,--Length 7-7"2 mm. ; wing 8"3-8"7 ram.
l~ostrum a little shorter than the head, ochreous-yellow ;palpi black. Antennm black, the base of the first seapal~,egment paler; flagellar segments black, the face of eachproduced into a moderately long serration, the shiny basal
pedicel short. Head grey.
Mesonotal przescutum brownish ochreous, with three
browu stripes that become obscured to obliterated shortly
before the suture; scutum similar, the lobes slightly
darkened ; scutellum and postnotum pale, sparsely pruinose.
Pleura for the most part dark-coloured, heavily greypruinose; dorsal region of sterno-pleura a little paler;anterior region of postnotal pleurotergite paler. Haltercs
pale, the knobs large. Legs with the coxm obscure brownish

new o~' Nttge-known'Tipulidm.

1~)5

yellow, the outer face of the fore eoxa darkened ; troehautersobscure brownish yellow ; femora brownish yellow, the tips
faintly darkened ; tibiae and tarsi light brown, tile terminal
tarsal segments passing into dark brown. Wings tinged
with grey; stigma pale brown ; moderately broad, pale brown
seams along the cord, outer end of cell 1st M=, along vein
Ca, and around the apieat margin of the wing ; a brown
cloud at origin of Rs ; veins brown. Venation : Set ending
opposite the origin of R s ; a supernumerary cross-vein
beyond mid-length of cell Sc', Rs about twice tile basal
deflection of R,~+s; r long, arcuated; cell 1st M~ large,
approximately as long as vein Ml+s beyond it; basal
deflection of C'u~ at the fork of M.
Abdomen dark brown, the genitalia brownish yellow.
Male hypopygium with the mesai apical face of each basistyle produced into a densely setiferous cushion i immediately cephalad of this a small setiferous lobule. Ventral
dististyle large and fleshy~ the rostrum short with two small
subequal black spines that are directed strongly basad.
Ninth tergite with a small setiferous tubercle on either sideof the median line, the space between them broadly 0-shaped.
Hob. New Zealand (South Island).
Holotype, ~ , Governor's Bay, Banks Peninsula, Canterbury, November 25, 1922 (J. _~\ Tapley).
Paratopotypes, 2 g d', November 16, 1922 (J. F. '_Fal)ley).
The male hypopygium is of a different structure fromthe other members of the huttoni group, but the ~letailsof the antenn~ require that the species be placed in thisgroup of flies.

Dicranomyia harrisi, sp. n.
Belongs to the hutloni group ; mesonotal prmscutum witha single broad brown stripe ; pleura yellow with a more orless distinct brown spot on tile mesepisternum; femorawith a dark brown subterminal ring; wi~gs tinged withyellow; stigma oval, dark brown; veins with long macrotriehiae; abdominal tergites dark brown, the caudal marginsof the segments conspicuously obscure yellow.
.Male.--Length, including rostrum, about 6"5 ram. ;wing 7"3-7"5 ram.
Rostrum nearly twice the length of the head, dark brown,
including the palpi. Antennae with the scape obscurebrownish yellow ; flagellum dark brown, the segments withrelatively long pubescent serrations and slender glabrous
apical pedicels. Head light grey; vertex between the eyes
narrow.
13"

196]3r. C. P. Alexander on

Pronotum dark brown.
Mesonotal pr~zscutum shiny
brownish yellow witl~ a conspicuous median blvwn stripe;
scutal lobes, scutellum, and mediotergite of postnotum darkbrown, with a continuous yellow median stripe traversing
all three sclerites. Pleura yellow with a more or less distinct brows spot on the mesepistcrnum. Halteres rather
short, obscure )ellow, the knobs dark brown. Legs withthe eox~e and trochal~ters yellow; femora yellow with aconspicuous, dark brown, subterminal annulus; tibimbrownish yellow, the tips narrowly dark brown ; tarsal segmonts brown with the tips of the segments blackened.
Wings tinged with yellow, the base and costal region alittle brighter; stigma oval, dark brown~ very narrow brown
seams along the cord and outer end o~ the cell 1st M~;
wing-veins with long conspicuous maerotrichim. Venation :Sc~ ending about opposite one-third to one-fourth the lengthof Rs, Sc~ immediately beyond this origin; inner ends ofcells R~ and 1st M~ lying more basad than cell R~ ; basal
deflection of Cul at or close to the fork of M.
Abdominal tergites dark brown, the caudal margins of
the segments conspicuously obscure yellow ; basal sternites
clear yellow, the terminal segments infuscated ; hypopygium
obscure reddish brown. Male hypopygium with the tergite
semicircular in outline, with a small [j-shaped median notch,
the lateral lobes blackened and sparsely setiferous. ]3asistyles with large hairy lobes on mesal face. Ventral
dististyle relatively small, the ehitlnized rostrum bearing
two separated spines, the more distal one being about twothirds the length of the basal spine; dorsal dististyle oxfly
slightly curved, blackened. 2Edeagus bifid at apex.
Hub. New Zealand (North Island).
Holol~cl~e, c~, Ohakune to mountain-hut on Ruapeh%
ahit:.ude 3000-4000 feet, January 12, 1928 (T. R. Harris).
Paratopotypes, 2 d ~ ; paratype, (~, Ohakun% altitude
2060 feet, December 31, t922 (T. R. Harris).
This interesting crane-fly is named in honour of thecollector, nay f~iend Mr. T, R, Harris.

Dicranomyia luteipes, sp. n.
Male.--I~ength 6-6"5 ram. ; wing 7'5-8"5 ram.
]+'emale.--Length6"5 ram. ; wing 8'5 ram.
tfelated to D. viearia**s (Schiner), differing as follows : m]3asat flagellar segments paler. Mesonotal pra~seutum
shiny obscure yellow with a narrow, median, darl~ brow~t
stripe which crosses the suture and suffuses the scutal lobes;

new or l{ttZe-7~nowu Tipulidm.

197

mediotergite of the postnotura with the median area darkened.
Pleura and sternum greenish yellow, unmarked with darker.
Italteres pale throughout.
Legs uniformly yellow, thetarsal segments passing into brown. Wings with a yellow
tinge, tbe base and costal region clearer; stigma brown ;very narrow brown seams along cord and outer end of cell
1st M~; a tiny brown cloud at origin of Rs. No dark
seams on Sc~ and no dark clouding along veins Ua and2ndA. Venation : Set shoreer ; Rs less strongly areuated.
Abdominal tergites dark brown with about the basal half ofeach of segments 3 to 8 obscure yellow; s~ernites uniformly yellow. Ventral lobes of male hypopygima large
and fleshy.
Hub. New Zealand (both Islands).
Holotype, ~, Mt. Grey, Canterbury, altitude 1200-1500
feet, November 27, 1921 (J. W. Cao~pbell and S. Liaclsay).
AUotype, 9, ()hakuue, Wellington, altitude 2060 feet,
November 18, 1921 (T. R. Harris).
Paratypes, 1 ~, with the allotype; 1 ~ , Ohakun%
December 10, 1927,) (T. R. Harris).
The type was swept from undergrowth in a beech forest.
One of the paratypes was found hanging around a waterf'all,associated with the types of D~cranorayia torrens, Alexander.

J)icranomyia diversispina, sp. n.
Belongs to the monilicornis group; general coloration
light oehreous-yellow; antennm black, the basal segment
light yellow ; wings hyaline, stigma lacking; cell 2rid A
narrow; male hypopygium with the rostrum of ventral
dististyle bearing two curved spines of different shapes andsizes.

Male.--Length 5 ram. ; wing 6 ram.
Rostrum only a little shorter than tim head, ochreous ;palpi dark brown, the basal segment paler. Antenna? black,the basal segment of the scape abruptly light yellow;
ilagellar segments oval. Head light brownish yellow.
Pronotum, mesonotum, and pleura uniformly shinyochreous-yettow, unmarked with darker. Halteres elongate,
pale, the knobs dark brown. Legs long and slender, thecoxm and trochanters coneolorous with the pleura; femora
brownish yellow; tibia brown; terminal tarsal segments
passing into darker brown. Wings hyaline ; stigmalacking ;veins pale brown. Venation: £~ short, Scl ending a distance before the origin of Rs that is longer than the basal
deflection of Cut; SCl alone about equal to this same

198

Dr. C. P. Alexander on

distance ; Rs strongly angulated at mid-length ; cell 1st Ms
relatively small~ the basal deflection of Ca1 at its base ; cell
2rid A long and narrow.
Abdominal tergites dark brown, tile lateral margins
yellowish; sternites yellow. 5{ale hypopygium with therostrum of the ventral dististyle short, bispinous, the outerspine long and slender~ curved gently basad, arising from aconspicuous papilla ; tile second spine is at the base of therostrum, about one-half the length of the first, but very
stout and curved strongly basad, the apex acute; cephalicmargin of rostrum with a fringe of about six strong setup.
Hub. New Zealand (North Island).
Holotgpe, ~ , Ohakune, altitude 2060 feet, October 81,
1922 (T. R. Harris).

Molophilu~s laliloennis, sp. n.
Antennse short ; general coloration of mesonotum reddish
brown; thoracic pleura dark brown; femora and tibi,neyellow ; wings very broad, yellow, the base of cell R anda seam along tile cord brown.
Male.--Length 4"8-5 mm. ; wing 6 mm.
Female.--Length 5-5"4 mm. ; wing 5'6-6"3 mm.
tLostrum and palpi brownish black. Antennm short inboth sexes, the scape reddish brown; flagellar segments
brown with a dense white pubescence. In the female, theantenna? are ahnost entirely pale yellow. Head dark grey.
Pronotum dark brown. Mesonotal prsescutum reddish
brown, the median area a little darker anteriorly, the lat~ral
margins of the selerite behind the pseudosutural fove~enarrowly dark brown; remainder of mesonotum reddish
brown. Pleura shiny dark brown, the sterno-pleura obscurebrownish yellow. Ha!teres dark brown, the base of the stem
whitish, the knobs obscure reddish brown. Legs with theeox~e obscure yellow; remainder of the legs yellow, theterminal tarsal segments dark brown. Wings very broad,strongly tinged with yellow; a conspicuous brown ehlud
along tile cord, continued on the basal deflection of C~q;basal two-thirds of celt R infuscated; macrotrichi~e darkbrown, the costal fringe black; veins yellowish, brown inthe darkened areas. Venation: cell R3 narrowly sessile~vein 2rid A long, ending just before tile base of cell M3.
Abdomen light brown, the lateral margins of tile tergites
broadly dark brown; sternites yellowish testaceous, thecaudal margins of the segments darkened; hypopygium
obscure yellowish brown. Male hypopygium with the apex

new or little-known Tipulld~e.

199of the basistyle blackened, terminating in a small black
tubercle, the nlcsal lace setiferous. Outer dististyle hifid,
the largest arm a black flattened blade whose rounded apex
is microscopically serrate ; basal dististyle a chitinized rod,
shaped somewhat like a ten-pin, the basal region expanded,
the neck slender with the apex truncate or feebly toothed.
G-onapophyses appearing as oblong setiferous cushions.
ttab. New Zealand (North Island).
Holotype, ~ , Ohakuue to mountain-hut on Ruapehu,
altitude 8000-4`500 feet, January 12, 1928 (T. R. Harris).
Allotype, ~ , January 1921 (M. N. Wall).
Paratopotypes, 2 d' 6~, with the type; 1 ? , with theaUotype.
Molophilus latipennis is the largest species of the genus so
far discovered iu New Zealand. The female specimens weretaken along tho trail to the mountain-huiz in the zone ofsilver beech (Nothofagus Menziesii, Hooker f.), associatedwith other Tipulida~ such as Discobola tesselala, 0sten-Sacken,
Ceratocheilus ochraceus, Edwards, Limnophila ruapehuensi~,
Alexandel', L. watti, Alexander, Cerozodia hudsoni hemiptera,
Alexander, Macromasiix ferruginosa ruapehuensis ~Alexander,and other subalpine species.

Molophilus unipla#iatus~ sp. n.
Related to M. [alipennis, sp. n. ; mesonotal pr~eseutum
dark brown with three conspicuous oehreous-yetlow stripes~
the median stripe split by a capillary dark brown line;
pleura dark brown, indistinctly striped longitudinally withpaler; wings dark brown, with a conspicuous light yellow
blotch near the centre of the wing.
Male.--Length about 3"6 mm. ; wing 4"5-4,'6 ram.
Female.--Length about 3"5 ram. ; wing 4"3 ram.
tLostrum and palpi black. Antennm short ; scape brown,
the flagellum pale brown to brown~ with a dense whitepubescence. Head dark brown.
Pronotum dark brown. Mesonotal pr~escutum darkbrown, with three conspicuous ochreous-yellow stripes, themedian stripe bisected by a capillary dark brown line that is
broadest in front, gradually narrowed to a point at thesuture; extreme lateral margin of the prmscutum behihd
the pseudosutural fovem oehreous; scutum with the lobes
ochreous-yellow, the median area dark brown; scutelium
dark brown; mediotergite of postnotum iufuseated on
cephalic half, the posterior half largely ochreous. Pleura
shiny dark brown with a more or less distinct longitudinal

200

Dr. C. P. Alexander onpale line across the ventral pleurites to the base o[~ thehalteres; dorso-pleural membrane paler; sterno-pleura
oehreous. Halteres dark brown, the base of tile stem pale.
Legs with the eox~ dark brown ; troehanters obscure yelh)w ;remainder of the legs pale, clothed with dark brown amt afew paler setm. Wings tinged With brown , the base, costaland stigmal regions yellowish, but more or less obscured by
the maerotrichi~e ; a conspicuous blotch near the middle of
the wing before the cord light yellow ; veins brown ; macrotrichim dark brown. Yenation : vein 2nd A long~ ending
before mid-length of the petiole of cell M3.
Abdominal tergites dark brown, the bases of the segments
paler ; sternites yellow ; hypopygium dark. In the females,
tile tergites are more uniformly darkened.
Male hypopygium complex in structure. Basistyles produced eaudad
into stout lobes, the mesal faces of which are provided withnumerous black setiferous tubercles. Outer dististyle withan outer chitinized blade as in 2~ar. lalipennis, the margin
microscopically serrate; two basal styles, one very slender,
beyond the base appearing as an acute spine; the other styleis a flattened blade, the apex curved and acutely pointed.
tlab. New Zealand (North Island).
Holotype, ~), 0hakune to mountain-hut on Ruapelm,
altitude 3000-4500 feet, January 12, I923 (T. R. Harris).

Allotopolype, ~.
Paratopotypes, 5 d' ? , January 12-15, 1923 ; paratypes,
1 ~ , 1 ? , Ohakune, altitude 2060 feet, December 31, 1922

(T. R. Harris).
Molophilus secundus, sp. n.
Male.--Length about 3"5 ram. ; wing 4,'3 turn.
Yery closely related to M. mullispinosus, Alexander (South
Island), from which it differs as follows : - Wings greyish subhyaline (instead of light yellow), the~eins slightly darker grey ; macrotriehi~e dark brown. Abdomen and hypopygium paler than in multispinosus. Male
hypopygium with the enlarged base of the inner dististyleprojecting beyond the level of the base of the chkinized
apex; the latter is a powerful, strongly chitinized rod
terminating in a long apical point, before this apex a groupof long spines on the inner face. Outer dististyle similar
to raultispinosus, but the apical ear-shaped lobe with a small
lateral tooth at the base.
ttab. New Zealand (North Island).
Hololype, c~, Ohakune, altitude 2060 feet, December 13,]922 (T. R. Harris).

,ew o~" liuIe-known Tipuli&e.

201

Molophilus opposilus, sp, n.
Related to M. sepositus, Alexander; general coloration
dark brown, the mesonotal prascutum mort yellowish
brown ; halteres brownish biack, the base of the stem pale ;male hypopygium with the outer dististyle bidentatc at apex;
gonapophyses very long, curved spines.
Male.--Length 3"6-3"7 ram. ; wing 3"9-4 ram.
Rostrum and palpi brownish black. Antennve moderately
long, if bent backward extending to just beyond the wingroot, brown to dark brownish black. Head dark.
Pronotum dark brown. Mesonotal prascutum shiny
yellowish brown, the anterior and lateral margins and theinterspaces darker brown, the latter with conspicuous, erect,
black setm; remainder of the mesonotum dark brown,
the scutal lobes paler laterally. Pleura brownish black.
Halteres brownish black, the base of the stem pate. Legs
with the eoxa concolorous with the pleura, the posteriorcox~e more testaeeous ; trochanters brownish testaceous;femora and tibia pale brown, clothed with black triehia ;tarsi dark brown. Wings tinged with brown ; veins darker;
maerotrichia dark brown. Venation: r just beyond thelevel of r - m ; vein 2rid A moderately long, ending justbeyond the fork of M.
Abdomen brownish black, including the hypopygium.
Male hypopygium with each basistyle stout basally, produced
eaudad into a slender~ unarmed, digitiform lobe that extends
beyond the level of the other elements of the hypopygium,the lateral faces densely hairy. Dististyles arising from themesal face of the basal enlargement of the basistyle ; outerdististyle a straight rod, gradually enlarged to the apex,
this blackened and terminating in two acute black spinesthat lie opposite one another, the mesal one directed mesad,
the lateral one directed caudad; inner dististyle subequal inlength, a brown rod, very nearly straight, gently narrowed
to the blunt apex. Gonapophyses very conspmuous, longer
than the dististyles, each a very long, slender, curved spind,
the acute tips more or less deeussate across tim genitalchamber in prepared slides, but in a normal position directedventrad.
Hub. New Zealand (North Island).
Holotype, ~ , Ohakune to the mountain-hut on Ruapehu,
altitude 3000-'~500 feet, January 12, 1923 (T. R. Harris).
Paratopotypes, 2 d ~ .

202

Dr. C. P. Alexander on

Molophilus bidens, sp. n.
Bel,:mgs to tlle terminans group ; general coloration darkbrown halteres pale, the knobs silken-yellow; wings tinged
with 0rown; male hypopygium with the outer dististyleterminating in au acute spine, before the apex of which is abidentate blade.
Mate.--Length about 3"8-4, ram. ; wing 5-5"3 tara.
Rostrum aud palpi dark brownish black. Antennse short;scapal seg'mcnts pale brown, the flagellar segments darkbrown with elongate verticils. Head black, grey-pruinose.
Pronotum and mesonotum dark brown, the posterior
portion of the postuotal scutellum and lateral margins of
the prsescutum dull yellow. Pleura shi~y dark brown.
Halteres pale, the knobs silken-yellow. Legs with the forecox~e dark browu; the other coxse and the trochantersobscure yellowish testaceous; femora brown, the bases
paler; tibim and tarsi dark brown. Wings tinged withbrown ; veins pale brown ; macrotrichim dark brown, evenly
distributed. Venation : vein 2nd A long, ending opposite
or beyond mid-length of the relatively short petiole of cell 21//3.
Abdomen dark brow% including the hypopygium. Male
hypopygium of the type of M. terminans, Alexander. Outerdististyle very complex in structure, a heavily chitinized,
curved arm terminating in a straight, acute, black spine;
before this apex bearing laterally a flattened blade thatterminates in two acute points, one spine shorter, more
slender, and heavily chiti~ized, the entire blade roughly
suggesting" a seed oC the genus Bidens; inner dististylecylindrical, strongly curved at mid-length, the base and apex
straight, the tip produced into au acute straight spin% thebase of which is surrounded by numerous microscopic setae ;surface of this style with 10-12 microscopic spinulm.
Hab. New Zealand (North Island).
Holotype, g, Ohakune, altitude 2060 feet, December 10,
1922 (T. R. Harris).
~°aratopotype, (~ ; paratype, ~, Ohakune to mountainhut on Ruapehu, altitude 3000-4500 feet, January 12~ 1923

( T. 1~. Harris).
Molophilus tenuissimus, sp. n.
Belongs to the terminans group ; general coloration darkbrown ; halteres pale ; wings strongly tinged with brown;
male hypopygium with the outer dististyle etongate~ ribbo~like, tapering to the acute tip.
Male.--Length about 3"6 ram. ; wing 4"3 ram.

new or llttle-known Tipulidm.

203

Rostrum and palpi dark brown. Antennm short, black
throughout. Head black, sparsely pruinose.
Pronotum and mesonotum dark brown, the extreme lateral
margin of the pr~esentum paler.
Pleura dark brown.
Halteres pale, the knobs yellowish white. Legs with thecoxm brown, paler apically ; tr~chanters brownish yellow;
remainder of legs dark brown; the femoral bases paler.
Wings strongly tinged with brown; veins darker brown;
macrotrichim brownish black. Venation: basal section ofR~+a twice the basal deflection of R4+~ ; vein 2rid A ending
about opposite mid-length of the petiole of cell Ma.
Abdomen dark brownish black, including the bypopygium. Male hypopygium of the type of M. terminans,
Alexander, and most similar among the described species to
34. tenuis@lus, Alexander. Longest dististyle a long, curved,
ribbon-like blade that tapers gradually to the acute apex,
the margins unarmed; inner dististyle about one-half thelength of thO outer, broad-based, the apical three-fifths acurved horn that tapers gradually to the acute apex, thisportion set with about nine conical spinnlm similar to thosefound in M. lenuistylus.
Hub. New Zealand (North Island).
Holotype, (?, Ohakune, altitude 2060 feet, December 13,
1922 ( T. R. Harris).

Gnophomyia alpina fumipennis, subsp, n.
Male.--Length about 3"5 mm. ; wing 4"4 mm.
Differs from the typical form in the following regards : Legs dark brownish black. Wings with a very strong
brown suffusion that is almost as intense as the stigmal area
itself; veins about as dark as in tile typical fbrm, but
not contrasting strongly against the dark background.
Yenation : Sc~ about twice its length from the tip of Set.
Hub. New Zealand (North Island).
Holotype, g', Ohakun% altitude 2060 feet, December 13,]922 (2". R. Harris).
Gnophomyia al2ina fulvipleura , subsp, n.
Female.--Length about 4~ mm. ; wing 4"6 mm.
Differs from the typical form in the following regards :-Mesonota[ prmscutum reddish brown, the lateral margins
fulvous, the surface subshiny as in the typical form;
scutellum, postnotum, and pleura obscure fulvous. Legs
darker than in the typical form~ brownish black. W'ings20i

Dr, C. P. Alexander ontinged with grey or pale brown, the stigma oval, slightly
darker brown.
Hab. New Zealand (North Island).
Holotype, ~, Ohakune, altitude 20~0 feetj December 1,
1922 (~\ R. Harris).
Paratopotype, ?.

Elephantomyia ( Elephantomyode~) ruapehuensis, sp. n.
2ffesonotal prmseutum with three brownish-black stripes,
the lateral margins of the sclerite broadly golden-yellow ;pleura, dark g r e y ; w i n g s tinged with yellow; cord andouter end of cell 1st Ms seamed with brown; cell 1st M.alarge, rectangular; abdominal tergites dark brown, thebases of the segments broadly obscure yellow.
Female.--Length, excluding rostrum, 7"5 ram. ; wing
8 3 ram. ; rostrum about 4 4 mm.
Rostrum a little more than one-half the length of thebody, black, the palpl concolorous. Antenn~ with the scapelight yellow ; flagellnm black, apparently only l 1-segmented,
with all except the basal two or three segments withconspicuous elongate verticils.
Head dark brown, theorbital region and anterior part of the vertex and fi'ont
light grey.
Pronotum grey. Mesonotum golden-yellow, the disklargely covered by three nearly confluent brownish-black
stripes, the humeral region and broad lateral margins
remaining of the ground-colour ; seutal lobes and scutellum
brownish black, the centres yellowish-g,'ey pruinose ; mediotergite of postnotum black, grey-pru]nose medially. Pleura
dark grey, especially the sterne-pleura ; dorsal pleurites andpleuro-tergite lighter grey. Halteres yellow, the knobs darkbrown. Legs with the cox~e brown, sparsely pruinose, thetips passing into yellow; trochanters yellow; femora brown,
the bases pale, the tips narrowly dark brown ; tibiw brown,
the tips darker brown; :tarsi black; all segments of the legs,
except the three terminal tarsal segments, with scattered,erect, bristles ; tibial spurs lacking. Wings tinged withyellow; stigma elongate-oval, dark brown; wing-apex broadly
infuseated ; conspicuous brown seams along cord and outerend of cell ]sl M~; a small brown spot at origin of Rs;
a faint brown seam along vein Ca ; veins dark. Venation :Sc 2 at tip of SCl ; Rs elongate, angulated and spurred atorigin; basal deflection of R4+~ only a little longer thanr - m ; cell 1st M~ large, rectangular; m less than one-halfthe outer deflection of M3; basal deflection of Cul from

mew or l;ttle.known Tipulidse.

205

two-fifths to one-half the length of cell lsl M~ ; vein 2rid A
short, the cell being correspondingly shore but narrow.
Abdominal tergites dark brown, the basal quarter of eachsegment obscure yellow, the extreme caudal margin ofeach narrowly of the same eolour ; sternites obscure yellow,
infuseated mediall% this more distinct on the subterminal
segments. Ovipositor long and slender, horn-coloured.
Hab. New Zealand (North Island).
Itolotype, ?, Mountain Traek~ Ohakune to mountain-hut
on Ruapehu, altitude 3000-4500 feet, January 15, 1923
(T. R. Harris).

Gynoplistia bilobala, sp. n.
Male.--Length about 14 ram. ; wing 13-]3"5 mm.
Female.--Length about 17 ram. ; wing 14 mm.
Closely allied to G. subfasciala, Walker, from which it
differs as follows :-Mesonotal prseseu~um with a capillary dark brown medianvilla. Halteres yellow, with only the knobs dark brown.
Wings with the tips distinctly darkened in both sexes, thisinfuseation including the apex beyond the fork of MI+~.
The chief distinctions are found irt the structure of themale hypopygium, which shows the long pointed median
lobe of the ninth tergite found in subfasciata.
The
blackened lobe on the mesal face o[ the basistyle is truncated apieally (rounded in subfasciala), and at its base bears
a smaller but similar lobe, which in subfasciata is represented
only by a small lobule. Outer dististyle with the spinulose
apex broader, more depressed, projecting far beyond theapex of the small, subapical, smooth spine, in subJ'asciata
these spines are subequal in length, Inner dististyle withthe slender distal portion neither so strongly curved norclavate in appearance.
Hab. New Zealand (North Island).
Hololype, c~, Ohakune, altitude 2060 feet, December l,1922 (7: R. Harris).
A/lotol)olype , ~ , in eopnlfi; pinned with type.
Paratopotypes, 8 d? c~, November 16-25, 1921 (T. R.
Harris).
Gyuoplislia Tallidisligma , sp. n.
General coloration grey, the prmseutum with three brown
stripes; antennm with 17 segments, tile branches moderarely long; femora dark brown with a barely distinct
subterminal ring; wings tinged with yellow, the stigma
pale; abdomen grey, the subterminal tergites ringed

206

Dr. C. P. Alexander on

caudally with pale; male hypopygium with the ninth
sternite and mesal margins of basistyles with setiferous
lobes; outer dististyle very strongly expanded at apex.
M a l e . - - L e n g t h 10"5-11 ram. ; wing 11"2-i1"4 ram.
Female.wLength 15 ram. ; wing 9"5 mm.
t/,ostrum and palpi brownish black. Antennm 17-segmented in both sexes, the formula in the o~ bei~)g 2 + 2 + 8+ 5 ; first seapal segment brown, dusted with grey, thesecond seapal and flagellar segments entirely black, ineluding the branches ; flagellar branches moderately elongate, the longest not quite three times the length of thesegment that bears it. In the ? the basal six flagellar
segments are short-peetinate, tIead light grey.
Pronotum grey: Mesonota[ pr~escutum grey with three
narrow hut conspmuous brown stripes, the median stripe
broader in front, strongly narrowed behind, extending to
the suture; humeral angles darkened; remainder of mesonotum grey, the scutal lobes darkened. Pleura light grey.
tIalteres obscure yellow, the knobs dark brown. Legs withthe cox~e reddish, light grey pruinose to appear salmo~eoloured; eox~e fulvous-yellow; femora dark brown, thebases broadly brownish yellow; a very indistinct reddish
subterminal ring; tibiae brownish yellow, the tips conspicuously blackened; tarsal segments 1 and 2 lightbrown, the tips blackened; remainder of tarsi black. In
the ? the reddish femoral rings are entirelylacking. Wings
tinged with yellow, the costal region and wing-base brighter
yellow ; stigma yellow, the apex (a narrow seam at r) darkbrown; wing-markings almost obsolete, consisting of tiny
etouds at origin of Rs ; along cord and outer end of cell] st Me; fork Of Ml+~ and the wing-apex ; veins dark brown.
Venation : Rs long, angulated and spurred at origin ; R~+~a little shorter than the deflection of R4+~; petiole of cell
Mt nearly twice m ; basal deflection of 6'ul near mid-lengthof cell 1st l]l~. Wings of the ? proportionately smaller
than those of the d', but normal in other regards.
Abdominal tergites dark g r e y ; segments 2 to 5 witha dark median blotch; tergites 5 to 7 narrowly ringed
caudally with obscure yellow ; hypopygium reddish brown ;sternites light brown, the caudal margins broadly andconspicuously pale.
Male hypopyglum with the ninth
tergite narrowed apically, the tip with a small [/-shaped
notch. Ninth sternite profoundly incised medially, eachmeso-apieal angle produced into a slender blackened lobe
that bears a conspicuous tuft of yellow setm. Basistyles
slender, the mesal face of each produced into a conspicuous,

new or llttle-known Tipulid~e.

207

pale, elavate lobe that is densely tufted with yellow setm ;outer dististy]e very strongly expanded at apex into a
triangular blackened blade, the margin truncated to feebly
concave ; inner dististyle pale, tile apex suddenly narrowed.
2]~deagus slender, the margin near apex serrutate. Ovit~ositor with very long, slender valves.
t-lab. New Zealand (South Island).
Holotype, c~, Hunter l~ange, L~ke h/[anapourl, Southland,
altitude 4000 feet, January 1-7, 1923 (S. Lindsay).

Allotopotype, ?.
Paratopotype, c~.
Gynoplistia bitubereulata, sp. n.
General coloration grey, the prmscutum with three broad
but rather ill-defined brown stripes ; antennm with 16 segments, the branches sh<>rt; femora dark brown, with arather ill-defined reddish subterminal ring ; wings relatively
narrow, yellowish, the cord and base of J+s seamed withbrown; abdomen dark grey; male hypopygium reddisl b
tt~e outer dististyte notched at apex.
Male.--Length about ]0"5 ram.; wing 9'5 ram.
Female.--Length about 12 mm. ; wing 7"5 mm.
Rostrum and palpi black. Antennm 16-segmented inboth sexes, the formula in the g being 2 + 2 + 7 + 5 , thelast segment being enlarged and nearly as long as the preceding two segments taken together and evidently a fusionproduct; antennae black, the basal segment pruinose;
longest flagellar branch only a trifle greater than twice thelength of the segment. In the ~ the basal four segments
are short-pectinate. Head grey, the vertex on either sideof tim median line infuscated, forming a fl-shaped marking.
Mesonotum dull grey, the pr~escutum with rather illdefined brown stripes, the median stripe becoming obliterated near mld-length of the sclerite, the lateral stripes
broader than usual and lying far laterad ; pseudosuturalf(~vem very conspicuous, black; scutal lobes darkened.
Pleura light grey. Halteres pale brownish yellow, theapices of the knobs dark brown. Legs with the cox~esalmon-coloured; trochanters obscure yellow; femora
brown, the bases brownish yellow; a rather ill-defined
reddish ring before the subequal dark tips of the femora ;tibim light brownish yellow, the tips very indistinctly
darkened; tarsal segments 1 to 3 brownish yellow, thetips blackened; terminal tarsal segments black. Wings
relatively long and narrow, strongly tinged with yellow, theDr. 0. P. Alexander on

208base and costal region more saturated ; stigma dark brown ;narrow but elongate brown seams at origin of Rs, along thecord and the outer end of cell 1st M~; veins yellow~ darkbrown in the infnscated areas. Venation: Rs long; Re+3
about twice the arcuated basal deflection of R4+5; cell M1
about one-third longer t},au its petiole ; basal deflection of
Cu: at near mid-!ength of cell 1st My
Abdomen dark grey, the tergites with a nearly continuous
brown mediau stripe, narrowly interrupted at the extreme
atmx of each segment; hypopygium redd:sh; sternites
reddish brown with a capillary median brown line ; subterminal sternites in ? darkened. Male hypopygium with
the ninth tergite terminating in two small rounded tubercles,
separated from one another by a space about equal inwidth to one. Basistyles slender, at base of each a slender,
curved, blackened hook ; outer dististyle rather short, theapex notched, thus appearing to form two short acutespines at extreme tip ; surface of dististyle with about six
long conspicuous setze; inner dististyle about equal inlength, the basal three-fifths dilated, the apical two-fifths
slender.
_/Edeagus bifid at apex. Ovipositor with thevalves long and slender.
Hub. New Zealand (South :Island).
Holotype, c~, Hunter Range, Lake Manapouri, Southland,
altitude 4000 feet, January 1-7, 1923 (S. Lindsay).

-Allotopotype, ?.
Gynoplistia pleuralis, sp. n.
General coloration of dorsum shiny brown; dorsal
pleurites dark brown, the sterno-pleura, eoxm, and trochanters light yellow; wings tinged with grey, with twoi:,,eomplete brown cross-bands, the one at the cord verybroad ; dorso-apical lobe of basistyles of male hypopygium
a flattened blade.
Male.--Length, excluding head, about 6"8 ram.; wing
8 mln.

Rostrum shiny testaceous, the mouth-parts and pa]pi
brownish black. Antennae ]6-segmented, the formula being
2 + 2 + 9 + 3 , or, in cases, 2 + 2 + 1 0 + 2 ;scape and rhaebisof two basal flage]lar segments brownish yellow, the remainder of the organ black. [lead dark brownish grey.
Mesonotal pr~escutum shiny yellowish brown, unmarked,
the remainder of the mesonotam a little darker brown.
Dorsal pleurites, including the dorso-pleural membrane,
dark brown, this broad stripe i~lcluding the dorsal portions

new or little-k,own Tipulidw.

209

of tile sterno-pleura and the entire pleuro-tergite of the
postuotum; remainder of sterno-pleura and the meron lightyellow. Halteres pale brown, the knobs and distal portionof the stem dark brown. Legs with the cox,'e and trochanters light yellow; femora brown, the terminal tarsal
segments darker; tibial spurs slender with appressed })lack
setm. Wings tinged with grey; an interrupted browncross-ba~d at the level of the origin of Rs this rather broad,interrupted at vein Cu ; a very broad band extending fi'om
the stigma to the fork of Cu, leaving the centre of cell 1st
M~ of the ground-colour; wing-apex clear; veins dark brown.
Venation : S c 1 ending just before the fork of Rs, Sc~ at its
tip; R2+s very short~ about equal to m; veins R2 and R3
divergent; eeU 1st M 2 short-rectangular; basal deflectionof Cu I about two-fifths its length beym~d the fork of M~
Abdominal gergites dark brown, the sternites obscurebrownish yellow; hypopygium dark. Male l~ypopygiumwith the dorso-apieal angle of basistyle produced eaudomesad into a flattened blade, this slightly expanded distally,
the caudal margin gently rounded, the surface with sparselong setm ; outer dististyle slender, sinuous, the apex bifid,
the inner margin beyond mld-length expanded into a weak
wing; inner dististyle shorter, more nearly straight, withnumerous tin.y setm and a few longer ones along the
cephalic margin. Gonapophyses appearing as long blades,
widest beyond mid-length, thence tapering rapidly to theapex. Interbasal lobes appearing as stout spines directedeaudad along the mesal face of the basistyle. 2Edeagus
very hro,qd at base.
Hab. New Zealand (both Islands).
HolotTyl)e, ~ , Ohakune to mountain-hut on Ruapehu,
altitude 3000-4~500 feet, January I2, 19L)3 (T. R. Harris).
Paralypes, 4~ ~ ~', Greymouth, Westland~ Coal Creek
track, February 13~ 19"~3 (T. R. Harris).
In its general coloration, Gynoplistia pleuralis suggests
the smaller G. trifasciata, Edwards, an otherwise d i fferent fly.
Gynoplistia Iobulifera, sp. n.
General coloratioa shiny black, including the hypopygium ; dorsal thoracic pleurltes conspicuously silvery; legs
black, the femoral bases broadly obscure yellow; wings
with a conspicuous brown pattern, the wit~g-apex bro~dly
clouded; male hypopygium with the mesal face of basistyle bearing a slender setiferous lobule that is directedcephalad.
_/In,~. & M~cj. 2~r. IJist. Ser. 9. Vol. xii.
14

210

Dr. C. P. Alexander on

Male.--J~ength about 4"8 ram. ; wing 5'6-6 ram.
Rostrum and palpi black. Antennm probably with fifteen
segments, the terminal segments broken, the formula being
2 + 2 + 6 + ? ; antennm brownish black throughout, thelongest flabellation approximately one-half the length of
the flagellum. Head shiny black.
Pronotum and mesonotum entirely shiny black. Pleura
black,tim dorsalpleurites with an extensive microscopic silvery
pubescence that simulates a bloom. Sterna shiny black.
Halteres obscure yellow, the knobs infuscated. Legs withcoxae black ; trochanters obscure yellow; femora obscureyellow, the tips enlarged and blackened, this more extensive
and accentuated on the posterior femora; tibim brownish
black ; tarsi blacl~. Wings subhyaline, with a conspicuous
brown pattern ; a large circular area at origin of Rs ; stigma
brown, sending a broad seam along the cord almost to thewing-margin ; wing-tip extensively clouded with paler brown,
this including all of cell M1; a pale brown seam occupies thebasal half or more of cell Cu ; veins black. Venation : S c lending just before the fork of Rs, Sc~ at its tip; R~+aabout two-thirds the deflection of R~+~; r about twice its
length from the tip of R1 ; cell lsl ~i~ small, rectangular ;petiole of cell Ma shorter than or equal to the cell ; basal
deflection of CUl near mid-length of cell 1st ~ .
Abdomen black, including the hypopygium. Male hypopygium with the hasistyles stout, the apical angle produced
caudad into a slender digitiform lobe; mesal face of baststyle with a small but conspicuous lobule, directed cephalad,the surface densely provided with conspicuous setiferous
tubercles, tim terminal setae longest; interbasal lobe asinuous chitinized spine, broadest basally. Outer dististyle~ellow, slender, the apex dilated into a conspicuous bifid
blade ; inner style a little shorter, the apex feebly expanded,
the surface with microscopic setulm. Gonapopbysesappearing as broad blades directed caudad and slightly mesad,
profoundly bifid at apex, the lateral arm being very slender,
acute. _/Edeagus broad-based.
1lab. New Zealand (North Island).
Holotype, ~, Ohakune to mountain-hut on Ruapehu,
altitude 3000-4500 feet, January ]2, 1923 (T. R. Harris).
Paratopolype, g', January 15, 1923.
Gynoplistia recurvata, sp. n.
General coloration shiny black, including the pleura andhypopygium ; antenna~ with fifteen segments ; wings with anew or little-known Tipulid~e.

211

conspicuous brown pattern, the apex clear; Rs long, Sc
ending about opposite two-thirds its length; male hypopygium with the gonapophyses very large and powerful,recurred, the apices being directed mesad.
Male.--Length about 5 mm. ; wing 5"5-5"6 mm.
Female.--Length 6"3 mm.; wing 5"7 mm.
Rostrum black, the mouth-parts brownish yellow ; palpi
dark brown. Antennm 15-segmented, the formula being
2+2+6+5;
basal segme~t o~ scape dark, the second
segment obscure yellow; basal flagellar segments with the
apex of each obscure yellow, the remainder of the organb l a c k ; longest flahellation fully three-fifths the length of
the flagellum. Head shiny black.
Pronotum, mesonotum, and pleura shiny black, tiMteres
obscure yellow, the knobs conspicuously dark brown. Legs
with the cox~e and trochanters light yellow ; femora yellow,
the tips clubbed and blackened, most extensively on theposterior legs; tibiae brown, the tips blackened, the post~,rior tibiae paler, dirty brownish white, the tips darkbrown; tarsi browniM~ black. Wings subhyalinc with abrown pattern; a large subquadrate area at origin of/?s,in alignment with a cloud in the outer end of cell 1st ~1,
but cell M entirely clear; a conspicuous seam along thecord, extending more or less completely across the wing
but leaving the centre of cell 1st M~ clear; wing-apex
clear ; veins dark brown. Venation : Sc short, SCl ending
about opposite two-thirds the length of the long Rs, Sc~
close to its tip ; Rs long, angulated at origin ; R~+~ short tovery short ; veins R: and R~ strongly divergent ; cell 1st M2
subirregular, m being about one-half the outer deflection of
Ma i petiole of cell M t variable, sometimes a little shorter,in other cases a little longer than the cell ; basal deflectionof Cul at or beyond mid-length of cell 1st J£~.
Abdomen black, including the hypopygium. Male hypopygium very complex in structure. Basistyles stout, theapical angle produced caudad and mesad into a slenderglabrous lobe; the interbasal structure terminates in alarge yellow blade, the caudal margin of wtfich is coarsely
serrate. Dististyles narrowly united basally ; outer styletapering to the simple slightly curved pale apex; innerstyle shorter but broader, setiferous apicaily. Gonapophyscs
arising as powerful arms on either side of the ~edeagus,
directed laterad, thence caudad, and finally curved backupon themselves, directed mesad, their apices overlying one
another in the median field of the genital chamber; apexof each arm dilated into an oval, terminating in a nipple.

21"2

Nr. H. E. Andrewes on Oriental Carabldm.

Ovip sitor with the very long, slender valves obscure hornyellow.
Hab. New Zealand (North Island).
Hdolype, c~, Ohakune, altitude 2060 feet~ December 5,

1922 (7). R. Harris).
Altotopotype, ?, December i2, 1922 ( T. R. Harris).
Paratopotypes, 7 ~ ~ , December 1-12, 1922 (T. R.
Harris).
Macromastix holochlora angustior, subsp, n.
~1ale.--Lcngth 11"5-12 mm. ; wing 15"5-16 mm.
Generally similar to typical ho[ochlora (Nowicky), differing as tbllows : First flageliar segment distinctly shorter than the second.
Femoral at~d tibial apices dark brown. Wings with a stron 4
greyish tinge, the stigma infuscated; veins dark brown
instead of green. Yenation: /~s shorter and straighter;
cell 2nd A long and narrow. Apical tergites of abdomen
distinctly infuscated. Lobes of the ninth tergite of matehypopygium more evenly rounded.
Hab. New Zealand (both Islands).
Ho/ol!ipe, c~, Ohaknne, altitude 2060 feet, December 31,

1922 (T. R. Harris).
Paratopotype, c~ , January 5, 1923 (T. R. Harris).
In his recent revision of the New Zealand Tipuloidea,
Edwards recognised this subspecies as distinct (as hisvari,'ty b), but did not give it a name. His material of this,ace was from Te Wairoa, North lsland~ and West Plains,
8ou0~ Island. Both subspecies have the pronotum clear
green, the prmscutum with three obscure orange stripes;
the seutal lobes with obscure orange centres; the headgreen with the orbits and gena~ obscure orange.

X X I L - - P a p e r s on Oriental Carabidre.--X.
By H. E. Axm~Ewns.
]N this paper I am describing some new species from IndoChina, some of which occur also in North India, and one
species from Quelpart Island, Korea. The type-specimens,
except as otherwise indicated, are in my collection.
S CAI-tlTINI,

Scariles eslrialus, Fairm. Ann. Soc. Ent. ]3e]g. 1887, p. 93.
Until quite recently I had seen no example of this species,