a'6 90

NEW OB INSUFFICIENTLY -.KNOWN CBANE. FLIESI FBOM CHILE(Fanily Tiputidrg Order Diptera)(Apartado de Agrictrlhrra T6cnicr . Affo xr - Dici,embrede 19bl - Ne 2)
Imp. y Lito. .fSTANLEY,-

lfianuel Rodrlgucz tSZ _Saltiago

Por
CEABLES P. AI.EXANDEN
University of Macrachusetts,
Amherst, Masr.

MINISTEBIO DD AGUCULTUNAIDIBECCION GDNENAI, DE AGiIdULTUBA
gANTIAOO -CEILINEW OR INSUFFICIENTLY. KNOWN CNANE. FLIES FNOM CHILE(Family Tipulidae, Order Diptera)Part IV (*)
CHARLES P. ALEXANDER (r*)

In continuing the present seriesof papers on rare and undescribed
species of Chilean Tipulidae, I am here discussing some unusuallyinteresting speciestaken by Sefror Luis E. Pefra G. itr Malleco and on
the Island of Chilo6. A few records from other sourcesare mentioned in
the text. Seffor Pefia has added vastly to our knowledge of these flies
and I am very greatly indebted to him for the privileg" of securing andstudying these materials.
TIPULINAE

60 Holorusia (lschnotoma) pefr,aisp. n.
General coloration of thorax light brown, the praescutum withfour plumbeousgray stripes,the intermediate pair s"pa""ted by a narrow
blackenedline; antennal scapeyellow, pedicel obscureyellow, flagellum
black, the flagellar segmentsproduced beneath; legs black, the extreme
basesof femora vaguely paler; wings with the restricted ground color
brownish yellow, vaguely patterned with darker, most evident as broad
seams to the veins; basal abdominal segmentsorange, the sixth andsucceedingsegmentsdarkened, the eighth more intensely blackened toform a narrow ring, hypopygium brownish yellow; *"ie hypopygiumwith the caudal margin of the tergite obtusely producea; U"sirtyle
produced at apex into a strong flattened spine; dististyles subterminal,
the inner style complex.
( * )
(*t )

Part III of this seriesof paperswas publishedin Agric. Tec. Chile I l:
figs., 195L.
University of Massachusetts,
Amherst, Mass.

j- lg, l0

100

Aqr. Tic. Chile.-

Afio XI - N'" 2

Male. Length about 18 mm.; wing 18 mm.; antenna a'bout 3.6 mm.
Frontal prolongation of head relatively long, a little shorter than
the remainder, dark brown above, more reddened beneath; nasus elongate, blackened. Antennae ( male ) with scape brownish yellow, narrowly
darkened at apex, elongate; pedicel obscure yellow, flagellum b,lack;first flagellar segment long-cylindrical, nearly as long as the succeeding
two combined; intermediate flagellar segments rather strongly and conspicuously produced on ventral face at near midlength, most accentuatedon about the fourth or fifth flagellar segments; terminal segment
attenuated on outer part; verticils lacking, the produced lower faces ofthe segments subglabrous. Head dark fulvod5, whitish pruinose, especiallyon the front, anterior vertex and the very narrow posterior orbits; vertical tubercle low and rounded.
Pronotum brownish yellow, conspicuousiy dark brown on sides.
Mesonotal praescutum with the ground color light brown, with fourplumbeous gray stripes, the intermediate pair separated by a narrow
blackened line, the mesal edge of the lateral stripe of this same color;
sublateral part of praescutum silvery gray pruinose; scutum with lobes
light gray; mediotergite light brown, heavily and very conspicuously
yellow pollinose; pleurotergite black, the katapleurotergite golden yellow
pollinose. Pleura chiefly light gray, the ventral sternopleurite and thedorsopleural membrane dark brown. Halteres dark brown, the apex ofknob narrowly paler. Legs with the coxae and trochanters black, graypruinose; remainder of legs black, the extreme bases of femora vaguely
paler; claws ( male) with an obtuse tooth at near midlength. Wings t Fig. 5 )with the restricted ground color brownish yellow, vaguely patternedwith darker, most evident as broad seams to the veins, leaving central
lines of the ground color in most cells; stigma and cell Sc still darker
brown; veins brown. Venation: Rs about one-third longer than m-cu;
vein R3 only slightly arcuated, not narrowing the cell at midlength; basal
section of Rr*r very short; petiole of cell M1 n€arly three times m; cell
Znd A relatively broad.
Basal abdominal segments orange, the first tergite infuscated onsides; sixth and succeeding segments darkened, sparsely pruinose;eighth segment blackened to form a narrow subterminal ring; hypopygium
brownish yellow. Male hypopygium (Fig. 1) with the ninth tergite, 9t,
very large, gradually narrowed outwardly, the apex obtuse, not emarqinate
as common in the genus; dorsal surface of tergite with numerous small
black spinous setae directed caudad, sparse or lacking on the midline andat apex. Basistyle, b, produced at apex into a strong flattened spine.
Dististyles, d, subterminal, inserted at base of the spine of the basistyle;outer style flattened or scooplike, its length about equal to twice thegreatest width; inner style complex, approximately as figured, evidently
appearing different in various views.

CRANE-FL/ES FROM CHILE. -Charles P. Alexander

101

Holotgpe, male Aucar, Chilo6 Island, January 6 - 15, 1952 (Pefra):
I am most pleasedto name this interesting crane-fly forthe collec'chief
recenttor, Sefror Luis E. Pefra Guzm6n, to whom we owe ourknowledge of the Chilean Tipulidae. The only related described species
is Holorusia (Ischnotorna,)problemattca Alexander (Agr. Tec. Chile, 5,Na 1: 8 - 10, figs. 5,7;1945), which differs evidently in the coloratlonof the body, legs and wings. The male sex of.problematica is still unknown.
I can see no reason why these two flies cannot be assignedto thesubgenusIschnotoma Skuse, with several additional speciesin Australia.
It seems probable that various other South America species at present
placed in Holorusta in the narrow sensewill be found to be better placedin the present subgenus.It may be re-affirmed that several of the genericand subgeneric groups at present recognized in the so-called primitive
Tipulinae will be found increasingly difficult to maintain as more andmore anr:ectant types are discovered. It seems certain to me that wehave here a condition entirely comparable to and more or less parallelingthat found in the vast genus Limonia Meigen. In Limonia, a score or
more of subgenericelementsare now recognizedin place of that numberof closely allied and very weak supposedly valid generic groups that
becameimpossible to maintain as the World fauna became better known.
6L Tipula (Eumicrotipul,o) amphion, sp.n.
Belongs to the glaphyroptera group; size relatively large (wingover 20 mm. ) ; antenna ( male) long, more than one-third the body, theflagellar segments bicolored; mesonotal praescutum brownish yellow,
with a narrow nearly terminal brown ring, claws simple; wings with theground weakly infuscated, restrictedly patterned with darker brown andcream-coloredareas,the former appearing as small clouds in the subcostal
field; male hypopygium with the posterior border of the tergite produced,
with a U-shapednotch that is subtendedon either side by a spinous point;
eighth sternite short, the apex membranous, unequally trilobed, themedian lobe smallest.
Male. Length about 17 - 18 mm.; wing 22 - 23 mm.; antenna,about
7.5 mm.
Female. Length about 29 - 30 mm.; wing 25.5 - 26 mm.
Frontal prolongation . of head obscure yellow and subnitidous
above, slightly darker beneath; nasus long and conspicuous; palpi
brownish black. Antennae ( male ) elongate, as shown by the measurements; scapeand pedicel yellow, flagellar segmentsbicolored, the basal
enlargementsbrownish black, the stems obscure yellow, becoming darker

102

Asr. Tdc. Cnile.-

Afio XI - N." 2outwardly, the distal segments more nearly uniform in color; flagellar
segments strongly incised, subequal to the longest verticils. Head above
brown, the front, anterior vertex and posterior orbits gray; a vaguely
indicated dusky capillary median vitta.
Pronotum obscure brownish yellow, narrowly infuscated medially.
Mesonotum brownish yellow, the praescutum with brown stripes, themedian one paler on central portion and divided by a capillary darkbrown vitta, the lateral stripes entire; lateral praescutal borders vaguelydarkened; posterior sclerites of notum yellowish brown, the scutal lobes
and a vague central line on the scutellum and mediotergite moredarkened. Pleura and pleurotergite brownish yellow to light brown,
the katapleurotergite a little darker; dorsopleural membrane weakly
darkened. Halteres with stem pale, knob weakly infuscated. Legs withthe coxae and trochanters yellow; femora obscure yellow with a narrownearly terminal brown ring; tibiae and proximal two tarsal segments
obscure brownish yellow, the tips very narrowly darkened, remainderof tarsi black; claws small, simple. Wings with a weak brown ground,restrictedly patterned with darker brown and small cream-colored areas,
the former chiefly appearing as small clouds centering in cell Sc, thethird at origin of Rs,' stigma pale, only a little darker than the ground,the ends darker; the pale areas are chiefly in cells M and Cu, together
with the obliterative mark across the base of cell 7st M2; veins brown,
more brownish yellow in the costal interspaces, infuscated in the darkened areas. Venation: Rs straight, less than twice rn-cu; cell 7st M2
short-pentagonal.
Abdominal tergites brown, becoming darker outwardly, the centerof tergite two and the basal rings of segments three and four moreyellowed; outer segments more uniformly darkened but not forming aring; sternites obscure yellow, the posterior borders darker; hypopygium
obscure yellow. Male hypopygium (Fig. 2) with the posterior borderof the ninth tergite, 9t, produced, with a small U-shaped median notch,
the lobes weakly notched to form an inner spinous point and a broader
lateral lobule. Outer dististyle, d, long and slender, cylindrical, thesetae of outer half, and especially of the apex, elongate; inner style withthe setae of the dorsal crest all small, pale and inconspicuous. C.onapophysis, g, stout, shaped about as in figure. Eighth sternite, 8s, short, theapex pale and submembranous, unequally trilobed, the lateral lobes
provided with five or six setae, the smaller median lobe with more
numerous blackened punctures and relatively short setae. Abdomen(female) relatively long.
Holotgpe, male, Farellones, Santiago, altitude 2200 meters,
December 10, 1950 ( Guillermo Kuschel ) . Allotopotgpe, female, pinned
with type. Paratopotgpes,2 males. Type returned to Father Kuschel, tobe deposited in the Colecci6n de Insectos of the Universidad de Chile.

CRANE-ri/rs

FROI/I CHILE. -CharlesP. Alexander

103

The weakly patterned wings are much as in Tipula (Eumr,crottpula) crepert,, sp.tr.,which differs in all details of coloration and in the
structure of the male hypopygium.
62 Tipula (Eumicrottpula) crepero, sp.n.
Belongs to the glaphgroptera group; size large ( wing, male, 20mm. ) ; mesonotumgray, the praescutum with four narrow clearly defineddark brown stripes; femora brown, the tips black, preceded by a veryvague more brightened ring; wings broad, brown, with restricted darker
brown and yellowish subhyaline areas; male hypopygium with thecaudal region of tergite produced into two acute points that are separated
by a U-shaped notch; mesal lobe of basistyle larger than the ventralcaudal one, the latter approximately twice as long as thick; appendageof eighth sternite unequally trilobed, the lateral lobes very low and moresclerotized than the elongate pale median ligula.
Male.Length about 18 mm.; wing 20 mm.; antenna about S.Srrr.rr.
Frontal prolongation of head dark brown above, paler on ventral
surface,sparsely pruinose; nasus stout and conspicuous;palpi brownish
black. Antennae (male) relatively short, dark brown, the pedicel obscureyellow; flagellar segmentswith the weak basal enlargementsstill darker
brown; verticils shorter than the segments. Head dark gray; vertical
tubercle very low.
Pronotal scutum gray, patterned with brown, including a narrow
median line; scutellum obscure yellow. Mesonotum gray, the praescutumwith four narrow, clearly defined, dark brown stripes, the intermediatepair well separated,slightly bowed at near midlength to widen the central interspace;lateral praescutal border a little more yellowed; posteriorsclerites of notum gray, scutal lobes each with two disconnectedbrownspots; scutellum and mediotergite with a weak blackish eentral vitta,
most distinct on the former; parascutella more yellowed. Pleura gray,ithe ventral anepisternum and ventral sternopleurite more d.arkened;
dorsopleural membrane infuscated, more yeliowed in front. Halteres
obscure yellow, the knob more darkened, with the extreme tip pale.
Legs with the coxae gray pruinose; trochanters brownish yellow, theposterior and middle pairs more pruinose; femora brown, the tips rather
broadly black, the bases more brightened, with vague indications of amore brightened subterminal ring; tibiae and tarsi dark brown; claws
simple. Wings broad; ground color brown, restrictedly variegated bydarker brown and yellowish subhyaline areas; cell Sc with three darkbrown areas, the usual basal one paler and diffuse; stigma paler brown;a small but conspicuousoblique area across cell Ist Mz and adjacentcells; small prestigmal and poststigmal brightenings; further small areas

104

Asr. Tic. Chile. -Afio XI - N} 2

in the subcostal interspacesand adjacent parts of cells R and Rri at near
two-thirds ceII M adjoining vein Cu, and as zigzag markings in cell 7st A,
extended into cell Cu as two brightenings; outer apical border narrowly
darker than the ground, vaguely interrupted by brightened marginalareas in the medial field, clearest in cell Mai veins brown, the outer endof Rra, broadly pale. Venation: Rs nearly twice rn'cu; vein Rr*g swungstrongly cephalad, widening cell Rg; cell 7st Mz small-pentagonal; petioleof cell Mr subequal to m.
Abdomen obscure yellow, the tergites with the lateral borders
broadly, the posterior margins nanowly clearer yellow; a poorly indicated and broken sublateral darkened stripe on tergites; subterminal
segmentsmore uniformly darkened, the hypopygium vaguely brightened.
Male hypopygiun ( Fig. 3 ) with the posterior border of the tergite, 9t,
subtruncate, produced medially into two acute points that are separated
by a U-shaped notch. Basistyle with the mesal lobe much larger thanthe ventrocaudal one, more or less triangular in outline, densely covered
with strong setae, those near the summit longer and more conspicuous;
ventrocaudal lobe short and stout, only about twice as long as thick,provided with only about 15 o 18 long setae. Outer dististyle, d, longand slender, the outer half a trifle stouter; inner style with the beakobtuse, the lower beak small, rounded at apex; face of outer blade obliquely ribbed or corrugated; outer margin or crest with numerous strong
setae, these fewer but larger near the base. Gonapophysis, g, with thebase expanded, the narrowed apical part terminating in an obtuse head.
Eighth sternite, 8s, with the appendage unequally trilobed, the laterallobes verv low and more sclerotized, the thickening continued for a distance un the sides of the elongate paler median ligula, the latter with
abundant setae distributed virtually over the entire length.
Holotype, 6, Termas de Rio Blanco, Malleco, altitude 1050 meters,
March 5 - 27, 1951 ( Pefra).
Tipula (Eumicrotipula) crepera is most similar to species suchas T. (8.) amphion, sp.D.,and ?. (8.) crossospiloAlexander, differing inall details of coloration of the body and wings, and especially in the
structure of the male hypopygium, notably the tergite, dististyles andappendage of the eighth sternite.
63 Tiputa (Eumicrotipula)satrapa, SP.tr.

Belongs to the glaphgroptera group; general coloration dark gray,the praescutum with three entire brown stripes; antennae with basal twosegments yellow, flagellum black; legs black, the femora with a narrow
subterminal yellow ring; wings brown, heavily patterned with creamcolored areas; abdominal tergites yellow, trivittate with black, the outer
segments,including the large hypopygium, black; male hypopygium with
the ninth tergite scarcely emarginate; apparently a single dististyle;

CRANE-FLIES FROM CHILE. -CharlesP. Alexonder105

gonapophysis appearing as a long sinuous blade; eighth sternite with avery conspicuous median spatula, the densely setiferous blade nearly'as
long as broad.
Male. Length about 16 - 17 mm.i wing 15.5 - 16 mm.; antenna
about 5.3 - 5.4 mm.
Female.Length about 20 mm.; wing 18 mm.; antenna about 3 mm.
Frontal prolongation of head long, dark brown, sparsely pruinose;
nasus short; palpi black. Antennae (male) relatively long; scapeyellow,
narrowly darkened basally, pedicel yellow, flagellum black, the extreme
base of the first segment paler; basal enlargements of the flagellar segments small, verticils shorter than the segments. Head light gray infront, more infuscated on posterior vertex.
Pronotum Bray, patterned with brown. Mesonotal praescutum gray,with three broad brown stripes; scutum Bray, each lobe with two disconnected brown areas; posterior sclerites of notum gray, dark brown
medially, provided with long pale setae. Pleura and pleurotergite darkgray; dorsopleural membrane infuscated. Halteres infuscated, the baseof stem and apex of knob paler. Legs with the coxae brown, pruinose;
trochanters yellow; femora black, the extreme bases pale, with a narrow
subterminal yellow ring that is only about one-third as extensive as theblackened tip; tibiae and tarsi brownish black to black; claws with asmall subbasal tooth. Wings conspicuously patterned, the ground color
brown, variegated with cream-colored areas, particularly before the corC,
including cells C and Sc, prearcular field, and bases of cell s M and,Cu;
similar pale areas before'and beyond origin of Rs and as marginal spots
in outer ends of cells R5 to Znd A, smallest to virtuaily Iacking in cells
Mr and 2nd M2; more whitened areas across base of cell lst Mz andbeyond the stigma, chiefly in cell Rg; cell Sc with a darkened area before
origin of Rs, the area at the latter place not crossing cell Sc; stigma
darker brown; veins dark brown, more brownish yellow in the brightened
costal portions. Venation: Rr*: short and pale but complete; Rs a little
less than twice ,m-cu; petiole of cell Mr subequal to m.
Abdomen yellow, the tergites trivittate with black, the medianstripe unbroken or virtually so, the sublateral stripes narrowly interrupted at the posterior borders; lateral margins of tergites namowly gray;sternites obscure yellow, slightly more darkened medially; outer segments, including the large hypopygium, blackened. In the female, theabdominal stripes broader and less intense; cerci long and slender,
straight. Male hypopygium (Fig. 4) with the ninth tergite, gt, large, its
posterior border subtruncate, with a median triangular area more or lessdelimited by lines; the margin of this area with about three microscopic denticles at and near the midline; cephalic part of tergite with

106

Asr. Tdc. Chite.-

Afio XI - N3 2

a median membranous area at the midline, extending caudad to beyond
midlength of the tergite. Basistyle with the mesal lobe, ffib, large,
darkened, its apex obliquely truncated; ventrocaudal lobe, Db, long
weakly clavate, provided with scattered powerful bristles, mostly near
the apex. Dististyle, d, unusually glabrous; beak slender; an oblique seriesof retrorse setaeon face of style opposite the lower beak; outer dististyle
apparently lacking, as in chtllanica Alexander. Gonapophysis, 9,distinctive, appearing as a long sinuous blade, narrowed and twisted
at and near midlength, the apex dilated, terminating in a pendant lobe.
Eighth sternite, 8s, with a very conspicuoussetiferous spatula, the blade
nearly as broad as long.
Holotype, male, Rio Coluco, Chilo6 Island, January 30, 1952
(Pefra). Allotopotype, female. Paratopotypes,2 males, one pinned withthe allotype.
The most similar species is Tipula (Eumicrotipula) iaennickeana
Alexander, which has the spatula of the eighth sternite of the malehypopygium somewhat the same but which differs conspicuously in alldetails of coloration and structure of the male hypopygium.
LIMONIINAE
LIMONIINI

64 Limonia (Limonia) praeoia, sp.n.
General coloration brown; antennal flagellum brownish black;femora brown, the tips abruptly yellow; wings brownish gray, with threelarge brown spots in cell R adjoining vein R, the first at near middistance
between arculus and origin of Rs; Sc short, both Sct and Sc, ending
shortly beyond the origin of Rs; m-cu approximately one-third its length
before fork of. M; abdominal segments bicolored, brown, with less thanthe outer half yellowish white; ovipositor with cerci straight, only a little
longer than the hypovalvae.
Female. Length about 7.5 mm.; wing 8.5 mm.; antenna about
1.3 mm.
Rostrum dark brown; palpi brownish black. Antennae with scapeand pedicel brown, flagellum brownish blaek; flagellar segments oval,
the more proximal ones well-separated by very short glabrous apicalnecks; terminal segment about one-third longer than the penultimate;longest verticils subequal to the segments.Head brown; anterior vertex
about two and one-half times the diameter of the scape.

CRANE-FLIES FROM CHILE. -CharlesP, Alexonder

107

Pronotum yellowish brown, darker above. Mcsonotum chiefly
brown, the lateral praescutal borders, centers of scutal lobes and thescutellum darker brown; pleurotergite slightly more darkened. Pleura
brown; dorsopleural membrane dusky. Halteres brownish black, the baseof stem narrowly yellow. Legs with the coxae brown; trochanterstestaceous;femora brown, the tips abruptly but rather narrowly yellow;
remainder of legs brownish black; claws with a major outer tooth andabout three small basal denticles. Wings with the ground'brownish gray,patterned with medium brown, as follows: three large areas in cell R,
the first at near midlength of vein R or about one-third cell R,' second
area at fork of Sc and origin of Rs; third spot at fork of Rs, confluent
with the stigma; narrow and very inconspicuouspale brown' seams overthe cord and outer end of cell 7st Mz; outer and posterior wing cells a
trifle darker than those of the anterior half of wing; indications of weakdarkenings at end of vein Znd A and in the wing axilla; veins brown.
Venation: Scr ending a short distance beyond the origin of Rs, Sc2 nearits tip, likewise beyond Rs; free tip of Sceand Rz in transversealignment;
Rs about one-half longer than the basal section of R,r*r; m-cu from onethird to one-fourth its length before fork of. M; vein Znd A sinuous, thecell moderately broad.
Abdomen bicolored, the segmentsbrown with less than the outerhalf yellowish white; genital segment brownish yellow. Ovipositor withthe cerci straight, acute at tios, only a little longer than the hypovalvae.
Holotgpe, female, Rio Blanco, Malleco, altitude 1050 meters,
March 5 - 27, 1951(Pefra).
Lr,monia (Limonia) praeaia is most nearly related. to L. (L.).troglophila Alexander and L. (L.) nothofagi Alexander, differing especially in the details of coloration of the body and wings, and in thevenation.
HEXATOMINI
65 Austrolimnophila ( Austrolimnophila) eutaeniata ( Bigot ) .
One female, taken at Cayutue, Llanquihue, May 18, 1939, by thelate Dr. Kurt Wolffhtigel. Previously known only from Tierra del Fuego.
66 Lirnnophila araueania tnaer(rcantha, subsp. n.
Characters as in the typical form, differing in the structure of themale hypopygium. Gonapophysiswith a single powerful spine at caudal
end of the plate, lacking in typical araucanid.

1CB

Agr. Tdc. Chile. -Afio XI - N." 2

Holotgpe, male, Curacautin, Malleco, December L4, 1950 ( Pefra) .
Paratopotgpes, males December 8 - 14, 1950 (Peffa); paratgpe, 1 male
Temuco, Cautin, October 28, 1936 (Espinoza), through Bullock.
67 Limnophila lgra, sp. n.
Size medium ( wing, male, 6 mm. ) ; general coloration of thorax
brownish fulvous, the abdomen brown; antennae short, the proximal
three flagellar segments incompletely united to form a fusion-segment;wings weakly tinted with brownish yellow, the stigma not indicated;vein Rr*s*r elongate, exceeding three times Rr*z or R:*e; cell Mt
present; rn-cu at near midlength of cell lst Mzi hypopygium yellow,
outer dististyle glabrous, the dilated apex provided with dense appressed
spinulose points; gonapophysisblack, long and slender, strongly twisted.
Male. Length about 5 mm.; wing 6 mm.; antenna about 1 mm.
Rostrum obscure yellow; palpi dark brown short. Antennae (male)
short; scape yellow, the remainder black; proximal three flagellar
segments enlarged and partly united into an elongate fusion-segment,
the sutures well-indicated; fourth and succeeding segments progressively more slender and elongate, shorter than the unusually long
verticils. Head brownish fulvous, sparsely pruinose, more yellowed in
front; anterior vertex broad.
Pronotum relatively massive, infuscated, sparsely pruinose. Mesonotum almost uniformly brownish yellow, the midregion of the praescutum vaguely more darkened; tuberculate pits small and inconspicuous,placed close to the cephalic border; pseudosutural foveae pale and inconspicuous, relatively small. Pleura yellow, the dorsal anepisternum weakly
darkened; meral region reduced, the middle and hind coxae approximated.
Halteres yellow. Legs with the coxae and trochanters testaceous yellow;
nemainder of legs light brown to brownish yellow, the outer tarsal
darker; tibial spurs conspicuous; claws long, simple. Wings weakly tinted
with brownish yellow, the prearcular and costal fields more evidently
yellowed; stigma not defined; veins brown, more yellowed at wing baseand in costal region. Venation: Anterior arculus preserved but faint;
Sc moderately long, Scr ending just beyond the fork of Rs, Sce a shortdistance from its tip; vein Rz faint to atrophied; Rz*a*r
elongate,
exceeding three times Rr*z or R2f3; veins Rs and Rr extending generally
parallel to one another until outer end where Rr is deflected toward thewing tip, widening cell Rs; inner end of cell Rs arcuated, lying morebasad than the other cells in the region of the anterior cord; cell M1
present, small, a little more than one-third its petiole; cell Ist M2 small,
rectangular, slightly widened outwardly, with ,m-cu at midlength.

CRANE-FLIES FROM CHILE. -CharlesP. Alexander

109

Abdomen brown, the two subterminal segments still darker; hypopygium yellow. Male hypopygium ( Fig. 7 ) with the region of the tergite,
9t, produced into a semicircular lobe. Outer dististyle, d, glabrous, stout,
at apex more dilated, the margin and outer surface with dense appressed
spinulose points; inner style much smaller, the margin darkened, thesurface with several yellow setae, some of which are long. Gonapophysis,g, black, very long and slender, strongly twisted, longer than theaedeagus.
Holotgpe, male, Curacautin, Malleco, altitude 400 meters, December
L4, 1950 ( Pefra) .
Limnophila lyra is a very isolated fly whose strict generic position
must be held in question. The affinities seem to lie with Limnophila, s.1.,
but the fused proximal segments of the antennal flagellum, and thestructure of the male hypopygium, indicate an isolated type for whicha new higher group may need to be proposed. The dense appressed
spinulose setae of the outer dististyle are suggestive of the condition
found in various species of Ormosta and allied Eriopterine genera.
68 Ggnoplistta (Ggnoplistia) uartata flaoidula, subsp.n.
Generally similar to the typical form (Ann. Ent. Soc. America,
24: 628 - 629; 1931), differing in details of coloration and in the structureof the male hypopygium.
Praescutal stripes and darkened areas on scutal lobes more distinct.
Wings unpatterned except for a very narrow seam on R: at outerend of the stigma. Male hypopygium with the subterminal spine ofthe outer dististyle far removed from the elongate tip. Apex of innerdististyle rather suddenly and abruptly narrowed. Gonapophysis simple,
produced into a very long straight spine.
Holotgpe, male, Rio Blanco, Malleco, altitttde 1050 meters, March
5 - 27,1951 (Pefra).
( 43 a )Ggnoplistia. (Ggnoplistia) bicolor dillmant, subsp.n.

Male. Length about 17 mm.; wing 14 mm.; antenna about 3.4 mm.
As in the typical subspecies,differing especially in the uniformly
purplish black abdomen. Antennae relatively small,20-segmented;
formula 2+2+LZf4; longest branches ( at midlength of organ ) exceeding
one-third the length of the flagellum. Legs, especially the hind pair,shorter (Hind leg, femur B mm.; tibia 7.5 mrn.; tarsus 6 mm.). A male

110

Asr. Tic. Chite.-

Afio XI - N." 2of typical bicolor in my collection shows the following measurements of
the hind leg: femur 9 mm.; tibia 9.5 mm.; tarsus 7 mm.
Holotgpe, male, Cerros de Nahuelbuta, Angol, altitude 1200
meters, among the Araucarian pines, January 8, 1952 (D. S. Bullock).
This interesting race is dedicated to the collector, ffiy long-timefriend Dr. Dillman S. Bullock.
ERIOPTERINI

69 Crgptolabis (Crgptotabis) cortesi, sp. n.
General coloration of mesonotum dark fulvous, the scutellum
yellow; femora yellow, the tips narrowly darkened, tibiae with thebase and apex narrowly infuscated, the intermediate part yellow; wings
whitish subhyaline, more yellowed at iiase; r-m shortly before the forkof Rs; male hypopygium with the single dististyle appearing as a stout
rod bears an obtuse blackened lobe near apex.
Male. Length about 5.5 mm.; wing 6.5 mm.; antennaabout 0.7 mm.
Rostrum brownish yellow; palpi dark brown. Antennae with thescapeand pedicel dark brown, flagellum paler brown; flagellar segments
subcylindrical, the longest verticils of the more proximal segmentsvery
long, of the outer ones shorter and more appressed.Head obscureyellow.
Pronotum, pretergites and lateral border of praescutum lightyellow, the dorsum of the mesonotum dark fulvous; seutellum lightyellow. Pleura with a brown dorsal stripe, the ventral sclerites yellow;
dorsopleural membrane pale yellow. Halteres with stem yellow, knob
infuscated. Legs with the fore coxae weakly infuscated, the remaining
coxae and all trochanters yellow; femora yellow, the tips narrowly
darkened; tibiae yellow, the base and apex narrowly dark brown; basal
tarsal segmentsobscure yellow, the outer ones darker. Wings (Fig.6)
whitish subhyaline, the base more yellowed; stigma restrictedly infuscated, the'axillary region more distinctly so; veins brown, those in theprearcular field yellow. Rather numerous macrotrichia in the outer cells(their position shown by the dots in the figure). Venation: Sc, about
oppcsite two-thirds the length of Rs; r-nr just before the fork of Rs; rn-cu
at near three-fifths the length of M3an.
Abdomen dark brown. Male hypopygium chiefly destroyed
through an accident but the distinctive dististyle preserved. Dististyle( Fig. 8, d ) appearing as a stout rod that is deflected at outer end intoa flattened blade, the apex obtuse; on face before apex with a strong
blackened tringular lobe or flange that narrows to an acute point, thesurface with a few scattered setigerous punctures and with abundant
erect setulae.

CRANE-FLIES FROM CHILE. -CharlesP. Alexander

111

Holotgpe, male, Aucar, chilo6 Island, January 6 - 15, 1952 (pefia).
I am most pleased to name this very distinct fly for my friend
Sefror Raril Cort6s P., to whom I am indebted for many favors in thepast. The speciesis entirely distinct from the other regional members of
the subgenus,being more similar in general appearanceto speciessueh
as Cryptolabis (Crgptolabis) uaripes Alexander, differing from all in the
structure of the dististyle of the male hypopygium.
70 Amphineurus (Rhamphoneurus) insanu,s,sp. n.
Mesonotum dark brown medially, the sides broadly yellowish
brown; pleura yellow with a broad dorsal brown stripe; proximal antennal
segmentsyellow, the outer ones infuscated; posterior femora dark brownon basal half, the outer part yellow; wings pale yellow, very restrictedly
patterned with darker; male hypopygium with the tergite broadly
notched; mesal lobes of basistyle asymmetrical on the two sides;
phallosomea strong blackened rod, dilated at apex and farther produced
into a powerful spine.
Male. Length about 6 mm.; wing z mm.; antenna about l.b mm.
Rostrum black, about one-third longer than the remainder of head;palpi black. Antennae with about the proximal half yellow, the outer
flagellar segments infuscated; flagellar segments subcylindrical, weakly
swollen at midlength, the verticils of the more basal segments almost
twice the segments.Head dark brown.
Pronotum weakly darkened in front, the posterior part, with thepretergites, white. Mesonotal praescutum broadly dark brown medially,
the area narrowed posteriorly, the sides broadly yellowish brown, therestricted humeri clearer yellow; scutal lobes brown; scutellum andcentral part of mediotergite still darker brown, the suture between the
mediotergite and pleurotergite, with the parascutella, extensiveiy
vellowed. Pleura chiefly pale, with a broad dorsal brown stripe, interrupted by the pale propleura, widened behind; meral region broadly
infuscated, sternopleurite pale. Halteres with base of stem broadly
u'hitened, the remainder brownish black, knob obscure brownish yellow.
Legs with the coxae and trochanters yellow; fore and middle femora
brown, the posterior pair conspicuously bicolored, dark brown on basal
half, yellow on apical portion; tibiae brown; tarsi brownish black. Wings
pale yellow, the prearcular and costal regions more saturated yellow;
a narrow and very inconspicuous brown seam along the cord, mostevident on Rp at proximal end of the otherwise yellow stigma; veinsbrown, yellow in the more brightened portions. Venation : Ms*+ sessile,the sinuous n'L-cuat its fork.

L12

Aor. T6c, Chile. -Affo XI ' N." 2

Abdomen dark brbwn, the outer lobes of the basistyle moreyellowed. Male hypopygium ( Fig. I ) with the tergite, 9t, large, gently
narrowed outwardly, the posterior margin with a broad V-shaped notch,
the lateral lobes glabrous. Dorsal lobe of basistyle, b, short, the ventral
lobe, ub, long, projecting beyond the other elements of the hypopygium,
the mesal face with abundant delicate setae,those of the outer fase longer and coarser. What are interpreted as being the mesal lobes of thebasistyle, ffib, are markedly asymmetrical on the two sides' one long andslender, curved apically to a long slender point, the outer margin before
apex with delicate erect setulae; mesal lobe of opposite side with the:basal portion about the same, the apex a short beaklike structure. Outerdististyl e, d, of both sides very unequally divided on outer portion into
two flattened blades, the outer much longer, flattened; inner style thelongest of the dististyles, unequally bilobed, the outer arm a slenderspine. Phallosorre, p, a strong blackened.rod, dilated at apex and farther
produced into a powerful spine, the structure much longer and more
conspicuousthan the yellow aedeagus,a.
Holotgpe, male, Rio Blanco, Malleco, altitude 1050 meters, March
5 - 2 7 , 1 9 5 1( P e f r a ) .
From the general features of the male hypopygium, the present
fly is evidently allied to Arnphineurus (Rhamphoneurus) nothofagetorum
Alexand"", "rd allies, differing in the coloration of the legs and especiallyin the details of structure of the male hypopygium, particularly the mesal
lobes of the basistyle, the dististyles, and the phallosome.
7L Molophitus (Molophilus) eurnonostglus, sp. n.
Belongs to the monostglus group; size very large (wing, male,
G mm. or more); general colorationof notum'brownish gray; legs brown,
the tarsi passinginto black; male hypopygium with the basistyle elongate,
the single dististyle inserted. at near midlength of the mesal face, theouter "nd *ith numerous long black setae; dististyle unequally tripartite,
including two long slender arms and a powerful blackened basal spine.
Male. Length about 5.5 - 5.? mm.; wing 6.5 - 7 mm.; antenna about
L.4 - 1.5 mm.
Female. Length about 6 - 6.5 mm.; wing 6 - 6.6 mm.; antenna
about 1.5 - 1.6 mm.
Rostrum dark brown; palpi black. Antennae black; flagellar
segments subcylindrical to truncate-oval, the basal verticils very long.
Head gray.

CRANE-FL/ES FROM CHILE. -Charles P. Alexander

113

Pronotal scutum fulvous, the scutellum and pretergites yellow.
Mesonotum brownish gray, the humeral region of praescutum obscureorange, central praescutal stripe darker, pleurotergite paler brown.
Pleura gray, the dorsopleural membrane obscureyellow. Halteres yellow.
Legs with the coxae brownish testaceous; trochanters yellow; femora
brown, somewhat brighter basally; tibiae brownish yellow, the tips
narrowly darkened, tarsi passing into black. Wings strongly tinged withbrown, the axilla still darker; prearcular and costal fields more yellowed;
veins light brown to yellowish brown; macrotrichia dark. Venationi Rz
opposite or just beyond the level of r-m,' petiole of cell Ms short, lessthan twice rn-cu; vein 2nd A long, ending nearly opposite the base ofcell M3.
Abdomen dark brown. Male hypopygium ( Fig. 10) with thebasistyle, b, elongate, the single dististyle, d, placed close to midlength;
outer produced lobe constricted at apex into a small blackened lobe thatis microscopically corrugated and provided with a brush of long yellow
setae. Dististyle, d, unequally tripartite, including two longer bladesor spines,in addition to a powerful basal spur; outer arm a little shorter
than the lower one, extended into a long straight black spine; lower arm
a little dilated to the obtuse tip. Aedeagus,o, appearing as in the group,with two naked black filamentous rods for more than the basal half,thence encasedin the sheath, the latter narrowed at apex.
Holotgpe, male Aucar, Chilo6 Island, January 6 - 15, L952. (Peffa).
Allotopotgpe, female. Paratopotgpes,1 male, 1 female.
The only other described members of the monostglus group are
the smaller Molophilus (Molophzlus) monostylus Alexander and M. (M.)
monostgloidesAlexander, both of which have the male hypopygia quitedistinct.
72 Molophilus (Molophtlus) setosistglus Alexander.
1952 Molophilus (Molophilus) setosistglusAlexander; Journ N. Y.
E n t . S o c . ,6 0 ( i n p r e s s ) .
The type was from Rio Blanco, Malleco, Chile, altitude 1050
meters, taken March 5 - 27, 1951, by Pefra.
Male hypopygium ( Fig. 11) with the beak of the basistyle, b,long and slender,blackened,curved to the acute tip. Outer dististyle, d,with the arms very unequal in shape, the inner a gently curved fingerlike rod. Basal dististyle, bd, profoundly bifid, as in the tlauidus subgroup; outer arm slender basally, with about the outer third or moredilated, thence narrowed to a long straight apical spine; inner marginof the dilated portion with abundant delicate blackened setae, forminga densebrush; inner arm about two-thirds as long, appearing as a slenderir4

Agr. Tdc. Chile. -Afio XI - N." 2

rod that terminates in a long acute spine, the outer margin at near
midlength with five or six spines, the outermost longest.
73 Molophilus (Motophitus) sporsi.spinus Alexanderlg52 Molophitus (Molophilus) sporsispinus Alexander;
N. Y. Ent. Soc.,60 (in Press).

Journ.

The type was from Curacautin, Malleco, altitude 400 meters' taken
December 6 - 25, 1950,by Pefla.
'' Male hypopygium ( Fig. t2) with the beak of the basistyle, b,
unusually long and slender, blackened, the outer third decurved to theacute tip. Outer dististyle, d, relatively short, the outer arm a gently
curved. black spine. Basal dististyle, bd', profoundly bifid, as in the
flaoidus subgroup; outer arm longest, provided with unusually few
spines,those of the outer third about ten in number, all restricted to theouter face, the outermost spines larger; basal half of arm with smaller
spiculose points or roughenings; inner face of arm entirely glabrous;
inner arm of style about two-thirds as long, terminating in a long simple
spine, with about two small spinules on outer face beyond midlength; nosetae on style.
74 Molophilus (Molophilus) echo Alexander.
Ig52 Molophitus (Molophilus) echo Alexander; Journ. N. Y.
E n t . S o c . ,6 0 ( i n p r e s s ) .
The types were from Rio Blanco, Malleco, altitude 1050 meters,
taken March 5 - 27,1951, by Pefra, and Curacautin, Malleco, altitude
400 meters, December 10, 1950,by Pefra.
Male hypopygium ( Fig. 13) with the beak of the basistyle, b,
slender; in the paratype, one basistyle shows the beak split at the apex.
Outer dististyle, d, with its outer arm flattened, the inner apical angle
produced into a small point. Basal dististyle, bd, appearing as a blackened
rod, beyond midlength forking into two unequal spines, the outer oraxial arrn stouter, the lateral one shorter and more slender. Phallosome
setiferous, the apex shallowly emarginate.
75 Molophitus (Molophilus) rubidithorar ercauatus, subsp. n.
Characteres essentially as in typical rubidt'thorar Alexander, ofPatagonia and South Chile, differing in slight details of structure of themale hypopygium. Basal dististyle simple, relatively stout, strongly
curved to the acute tip. Phallosome very deeply and conspicuously

CRANE-FI/ES FROM CHILE. -CharlesP. Alexander

115

bilobed at apex, the lobes unusually slender, narrower than the deep
U-shaped apical notch. In the typical form, the phallosome is truncatedacross the apex or very shallowly emarginate.
Holotgpe, male Rio Blanco, Malleco, altitude 1050 meters, March
5 27,1951 (Pefra). Allotopotgpe, female, pinned with type. paratopotApe, male, pinned with type.
76 Molophilus (Molophilus)"

isolatus Alexander.

L952 Molophilus (Molophitus)
Ent. Soc.,60 (in press).

isolatus Alexander; Journ. N. Y.

The type was from Rio Blanco, Malleco, altitude 1050 meters,
taken March 5 - 27, 1951, by Pefra.
Male hypopygium ( Fig. 14 ) with the beak of the basistyle, b,
unusually stout, its apex blunt to subtruncate. Outer dististyte, d, withthe arms very unequal, the outer a slender rod, the inner arm twisted
at apex. Basal dististyle, bd, distinctive, appearing as a blackened
structure that narnows gradually to a long apical spine, the outer margin
provided with about five spinous points, the two subbasal ones stoutest,
the subapical pair small and slender. Phallosome, p, emarginate, thenotch broad, the lobes corresp-ondingly narrow; surface, especially themargins of the lobes, conspicuously setiferous.
77 Molophilus (Molophilus) lethaeus, sp.D.
Belongs to the plagiatus group; general coloration of praescutum
dark chestnut, more blackened in front; scutellum obscure yellow, pleura
dark brown; male hypopygium with the basal dististyle profoundly forked,
each arm terminating in a few points; phallosomic plate a darkened
clepressed-flattenedblade, the basal half more dilated, its margins microscopically toothed.
Male. Length about 4 - 4.2 mm.; wing 4.5 - 4.6 mm.; antenna
about 1.1 - 1.2 mm.
Female. Length about 5.b mm.; wing 6 mm.
Rostrum and palpi black. Antennae ( male ) moderately long, if
bent backward extending about to the wing root, black; flagellar segments
oval, with long white setae additional to the verticils, the latter very longon the more proximal segments. Head dark gray.
Pronotum pale above, darker on sides; scutellum and. pretergites
whitened. Mesonotal praescutum dark chestnut, more blackened in front,

116

Aqr.

'tic.

Chile. -Affo XI - N!

2

especially medially; scutellum obscure yellow; postnotum dark brown.
Pleura, including the dorsopleural membrane, dark brown. Halteresyellow. Legs with the coxae brownish testaceous;trochanters pale brown;
remainder of legs yellow, darkened by vestiture, the outer segmentsmore
infuscated. Wings suffused with Bray, the prearcular and costal fields
more yellowed; veins yellow, macrotrichia darker. Costal border andcells in vicinity of the stigma and wing tip with trichia. Venation: Rsvery long; R2 lying a short distance beyond level of r-m; petiole of cell
M3 relatively short, about one-half longer than nx-cu; vein Znd A longand sinuous.
Abdomen dark brown, hypopygium more brownish yellow. Male
hypopygium (Fig. 15) with the basistyle, b, terminating in a stout
blackened beak, surrounded by numerous setulae. Outer dististyle, d,small, appearing as a simple curved rod. Basal dististyle, bd, distinctive,
profoundly forked, each arm terminating in a few points. Phallosomic
plate, p, appearing as darkened depressed-flattenedblade, the basal halfor less slightly more dilated, the margins microscopically toothed.
Aedeagus,o, long and straight, near apex produced into small subacuteshoulders immediately before apex.
Holotgpe, male, Chepu, Chilo6 Island, February 8, 1952 (Peffa).
AllotopotApe, female, February 1 - 3, 1952. Paratopotypes,males.
Molophtlus (Molophilus) Iethaeus is quite distinct from all otherknown speciesin the details of structure of the male hypopygium. In thenature of the phallosomic plate, it somewhat suggestsM. (M.) pretiosus
Alexander, which may be presumed to be the nearest described relative.

SUMARIO
En esta cuarta parte de su serie sobre nuevos o poco conocidos
Tipirlidos de Chile, el autor describe 14 especieso sub-especiesnuevasde los g6neros Holorusia, Tipula, Limonia, Limnophilo. Ggnopltstia,
Cryptolabis, Amphineurus y Molophilus, refiri6ndosetambien a otras espbcies anteriormente descritas por el mismo autor.

FROM CHILE. _CRANE-FIT^ES

CharlesP. Alexander

r77

EXPLANATION OF FIGURES

t

2

e
,ffq\

ffi

q.^u
4

I

\

\

ff"

3

e

t

u

F i g . l . Holorusia(lschnotoma) peffai,sp. n. - Fig. 2. Tip,uta(Eumicrotipula)amphion,sp. n.
'fipula (Eumicrotipula)sat.rilpa,
Fig. 4.
F i g . 3 . |'ipula (Eumicrotipula) crepera, sp. n. Fig. 6. Crgptolabis
Fig. 5. Holorusia (lschnotoma) pefiai, sp. n.; venation.
sp. n. (Crgptolabis) corlesi,sp. n.; venation.

118

Agr. Tic. Chile. -Aiio XI

N.' 2

7

-bd

t2

.d

-bd

)w'
r3

l4

r5

FiS.7. Limnophila lyra, sp. n. - Fig. 8. Crgptolabis(Crgptolobisl cortesi,sp. n. - Fig. 9.
Amphineurus (Rhamphoneurus) insanus, sp. n.
Fig. 10. Molophilus (Molophilus)
eumonostglus,
6p.
Fig. I l. Molophilus (Molophilus) sefosistylus
AlexanderFig. 12.
(Molophitus)
Molophilus (Molophilus) .sporsispinus
Alexander. Fig. 13. Molophilusecho- Fig t5' Motophitus
r\rexander't't' t4' Motoph"&!,!;li,i:;'i',!r;::11':;.il"'nder.
(Erplanationo f s y m b o l s : a , a e d e a g u;e 6 , b a s i s t y l e ; b d , b a s a l d i s t i s t y l e; d , d i s t i s t y l e ; g ,gonapophysis: mb, mesal lobe of basistyle; p, phallosome; s, sternite; f, tergite: ob, ventral
l o b e o f b a s i s t y l e ).