Lombardo Associates, Inc.

Representative Nitrogen Removal
Project Descriptions Cluster NitrexTM Systems
 Test Centers & Independent Evaluations
 Groundwater & Stormwater Treatment
 Single Family NitrexTM Systems
 Multi Family & Institutional NitrexTM
Systems

Cluster System Producing Water with Total Nitrogen 3+/- mg/l

Project:

Main Street Village
Mashpee, MA

Design Flow: 5,226 gpd
Wastewater Pio Lombardo, P.E.
Engineer:Lombardo Associates, Inc.
Boston, MA & Malibu, CA
617-964-2924
Pio@LombardoAssociates.com
www.LombardoAssociates.com

The Main Street Village, in Mashpee, Cape Cod, MA, which has 24 housing units and small commercial
space, was created with a 5,226 gpd design flow, community-sized wastewater treatment system. The
wastewater system is located in a defined nitrogen sensitive area, a Zone II of a public water supply well.
Zone II areas are contributing to a water supply well.
The development is served with Town water and the entire Wastewater System includes a wastewatercollection system, septic tank, and Recirculating Media Biofilter followed by a NitrexTM Filter to reduce
effluent total nitrogen prior to discharge to a drainfield. Permit effluent requirements are TN must be < 10
mg/l. The Wastewater System became operational in March 2006.
Mashpee, MA Wastewater System at Completion

Treatment
SystemAfter the start-up period, wastewater effluent TN levels
have generally been < 3 mg/l. Effluent BOD and TSS
are typically < 15 mg/l and < 5 mg/l, respectively.
Operations and Maintenance requirements consist of
permit required monthly visits for treatment system
performance sampling. Daily electrical consumption
is approximately 5 KWHr, or $0.75/day with electriccosts of $0.15/KWHr. Telephone connection allows
remote monitoring of flow and notification of alarm
conditions. No chemicals and no other utilities are
required.

The wastewater treatment technology demonstrates that decentralized distributed wastewater systems can be
as effective as centralized facilities in achieving the accepted limit of technology of TN < 3 mg/l, and is another
tool for wastewater planners and engineers in nitrogen sensitive areas.
The Mashpee project results are similar to independent testing performed in Oregon, Montana, andMassachusetts. The NitrexTM System is an approved technology in a number of States, with installations in
MA, MD, VA, MT, OR, CA and Canada.
Mashpee, MA Wastewater System at Substantial Completion

Bogue Sound Elementary.
School & Croatan High School
Newport, NC.

.

ACHIEVING TOTAL NITROGEN < 3 MG/L
Project
Location:

Bogue Sound Elementary
School & Croatan High School
Newport, NC

Owner:

Carteret County Board of Education

Wastewater
Engineer:Lombardo Associates, Inc.
Boston, MA & Malibu, CA
www.LombardoAssociates.com

TM

Nitrex Design Profile: Design Wastewater Flow:
12,000 gpd
TM Nitrex Influent Total Nitrogen (TN): 70 mg/l
 Effluent Requirements:
o TN<10 mg/lo cBOD5<15 mg/l
o TSS<15 mg/lo Fecal Coliform < 200 MPN/100ML
Wastewater Treatment Process:TM
Septic Tank  Recirculating Sand Filter  Nitrex Filter  Recirc. Sand Filter  UV Disinfection  Drainfield
Lombardo Associates, Inc. (LAI) was retained by the Carteret County Board of Education (CCBoE) to design, permitTMand build a Nitrex Nitrogen Removal wastewater system serving Croatan High School and Bogue Sound Elementary
School. The existing wastewater system for the School consisted of three recirculating sand filter (RSF) cells with UV
disinfection prior to discharge to a drainfield. The LAI design included modifications to the piping of the RSF to optimizeTMdenitrification and construction of a Nitrex filter, and using one of the RSFs for polishing. The Croatan High School
and Bogue Sound Elementary School On-Site Wastewater Treatment System became operational in December 2009
and was immediately performing within permit requirements. Performance data is:Bogue Sound Elementary School & Croatan High School, Newport, NC
Start-up

Septic Tank Effluent

10-Dec-09

BOD

TKN

BOD

Units
Permit

mg/l

mg/l

mg/l
15

Geometric Mean
Average

178
192

104
109

1.2
1.4

Date

NitrexTM System Effluent
TN
Fecal
TSS
Calc.
Coliform
mg/l
mg/l
mpn / 100 mL
15
10
200

1.3
6.6

2.52
3.02

1.2
8.1

RESIDENTIAL SYSTEM PRODUCING TOTAL NITROGEN < 3 mg/l
Project:

Landing at Water’s Edge
Chincoteague, VA

Design Flow: 3,900 gpd
Wastewater
Engineer:
Pio Lombardo,P.E.
Lombardo Associates, Inc.
Malibu, CA & Boston, MA
617-964-2924
Pio@LombardoAssociates.com
www.LombardoAssociates.com

LAI designed the NitrexTM component of thewastewater treatment and disposal system for theseasonally used Landings at Water’s Edge site in
Chincoteague, VA to reduce total nitrogen to lessthan 10 mg/l in the effluent after pretreatment by arecirculating peat filter aerobic treatment system.
The system is designed for sanitary sewage from aresidential development with approximately 15 units.
The system has been operational since February
2007 and effluent total nitrogen has been <3 mg/l.
The NitrexTM system is virtually maintenance free.
The water quality data is presented below:
Avg.
MonthlyFlow(gpd)

Nitrex TM
Effluent

May-07

2,068

3.17

Jun-07268

Jul-07703

0.20

Sep-07299

2.05

Average

514

1.50

Date

TN
mg/l

1.10
0.96

Producing Water Meeting CA Title 22 Unrestricted Water Reuse Standards
Achieving Total Nitrogen 2+/- mg/l and Turbidity <1 NTU
Project:

Malibu Village Plaza
Shopping Plaza

Design Flow: 16,000 gpd High Strength
Equivalent to ~40,000 gpd
Residential Strength Wastewater
System – approximately 200
homes
Client:Malibu Creek Preservation Co.
c/o Soboroff Partners

Wastewater
Engineer:Lombardo Associates, Inc.
Malibu, CA & Boston, MA
www.LombardoAssociates.com

Project Description.
The Malibu Village Plaza is a shopping plaza consisting of both retail and commercial businesses. It is locatedin an environmentally sensitive area adjacent to the famous Surfrider Beach in Malibu, California. In 1999 theCalifornia Regional Water Quality Control Board (CRWQCB) and the City of Malibu conducted groundwaterand surface water sampling at Malibu Village Plaza and the nearby area and determined that wastewater
discharge from the Plaza and other properties using conventional septic systems were causing groundwaterpollution, which adversely impacted Malibu Creek and Malibu Lagoon.
Lombardo Associates, Inc. (LAI) was retained to engineer a compliant wastewater management system toprotect Malibu Lagoon and Surfrider Beach. The previous system was a conventional system consisting ofgrease traps, septic tanks and gravel drainfields, which provided insufficient nitrogen and bacteria removal.
LAI designed a cost-effective wastewater management
system that employs a septic tank effluent pump
(STEP) collection system and treatment system
consisting of the NitrexTM Nitrogen RemovalTechnology, recirculating media pretreatment of septictank effluent, and an ozone – UV disinfection system forbacteria removal. Treated effluent is discharged to newhigh capacity drainfields. The treatment system wasdesigned to treat 16,000 gpd of the high strength
wastewater (equivalent to ~40,000 gpd of residential
strength wastewater) as 85% of the flow was from the
Plaza’s popular restaurants. Discharge is to a drainfieldat 3 gpd/SF.

Water Quality Data – NitrexTM Wastewater System – Malibu Village Plaza, Malibu, CA
The Malibu Village Plaza Wastewater Treatment System has been operational since July 2007. The
Plaza’s wastewater treatment effluent quality is compliant with permit requirements as well as California
Title 22 unrestricted water reuse requirements as shown on the following table. An additional 125
chemicals are analyzed on a monthly basis. All are within permit requirements. All contaminants ofconcern are below Detection Limits, typically < 5 ppb.
Energy use, 67% of which is for disinfection, of the high strength 16,000 gpd facility (equivalent to 200 250 homes) is approximately $7,400 per year (135 kwhr/day @$0.15). Operation & Maintenancerequirements are weekly visits of 2 – 4 hours for maintenance and sample collection
Malibu CA Nitrex Treatment System Effluent
375 seat restaurants & 26,000 sf Retail Space Shopping Center
Total Nitrogen (mg/l)

Year

Permit Limit

10

Annual Geo 3 yr Geo
mean
Mean
2008
2009
2010
2011
2012

4.90
1.72
1.90
2.04
2.35

2.23
1.89
2.09

BOD (mg/l)
PermitLimit
Annual Geo
mean
3.04
3.29
2.82
2.74
2.57

30

TSS (mg/l)
PermitLimit

30

Turbidity
PermitLimit

10

Fecal Coliforms

PermitLimit

24

Permit
Limit

200

3 yr
Geo
Mean

AnnualGeo mean

3 yr Geo
Mean

59.34
73.33
9.17
12.69
5.79

36.2
15.5
9.32

3 yr
3 yr
3 yr
AnnualAnnualAnnualGeo
Geo
Geo
Geo mean
Geo mean
Geo mean
Mean
Mean
Mean
3.31
1.44
4.74
3.23
0.57
3.73
3.02
2.71
2.98
0.38
0.54
1.97
2.91
2.56
2.81
0.36
0.42
8.08
2.71
2.61
2.63
0.46
0.40
3.74

Odor control filter
Wastewater Treatment
system below parking
lot and inside fence.
Small building forelectrical anddisinfection equipment

Enterococcus

3.29
4.97
4.79

Cape Cod Residential Development Producing Water with Total Nitrogen 2 - 3 mg/l
Project:

Brackett Landing, Eastham, MA
40 unit subdivision

Design Flow:

8,310 gpd

Wastewater
Engineer:

Pio Lombardo, P.E.
Lombardo Associates, Inc.
Boston, MA & Malibu, CA
617-964-2924
Pio@LombardoAssociates.com
www.LombardoAssociates.com

Lombardo Associates, Inc. (LAI) has provided design-buildoperate services for the wastewater treatment system for the
Brackett Landing development in the Town of Eastham on
Cape Cod, MA utilizing the NitrexTM System to achieve
nitrogen reduction since 2006 Wastewater is purified in the
NitrexTM system by the following process as illustrated in the
Figure of the installed system.
Sewer
SystemSepticTank

NitrexTM
BioFilter

NitrexTM
Denit Filter

Pump Station &Drainfield
The wastewater system was designed and constructed inaccordance with the Town of Eastham Board of Health regulations
and the MADEP Title 5 requirements for effluent Total Nitrogen < 10
mg/l. The System has been installed and operational since
September 2007. The performance to date is presented in thefollowing table. Quarterly visits are performance for maintenanceand required permit sampling
Brackett Landing, Eastham, MA
Nitrex TM Treatment System
NitrexTM Effluent
Date

Total Nitrogen (mg/l)
Geometric Mean2007 - 20092008 - 20102009 - 20112010 - 2012

2.23
2.21
2.62
2.05

NitrexTM Septic
Tank

NitrexTM
BioFilter

NitrexTM
Denitrifying
FilterDrainfieldHarvard, MA
Residential System
ON-SITE WASTEWATER TREATMENT SYSTEM WITH ALKALINITY CHALLENGES
Project Application Data: Location:
Harvard, MA Site Application: 6 bedroom residential site – 2 houses
 Installation Date: Fall 2006
Septic
Tank

Wastewater Engineer:

Drip Irrigation
BioFilter

Lombardo Associates, Inc.
Boston, MA & Malibu, CA
www.LombardoAssociates.com

Design Profile: Design Wastewater Flow = 660 gpd
 Wastewater Treatment Process: Septic Tank → BioFilter→ NitrexTM → UV Disinfection → Drip Irrigation

NitrexTM Filter

Project Description:
Due to shallow depth to groundwater and closeness toenvironmentally sensitive wetlands, Lombardo Associates, Inc.
was retained to engineer an innovative wastewater system forthe 2 home site. The final design of Septic Tank – BioFilter –NitrexTM – UV Disinfection – Drip Irrigation was approved by theConservation Commission and had a construction cost savingsof 40% as compared to the previously bid mound system. Due tothe extremely high influent nitrogen levels, nitrogen removal were
diminished due to insufficient alkalinity, which LAI solved with anautomatic alkalinity feed system in summer 2011.
Performance Data:
Date

8/16/11
9/19/11
9/22/11
3/9/12
Avg.

Total Nitrogen (mg/l)
SepticNitrex TM
Tank
Effluent
Effluent
110.0
118.0
102.0
84.0
103.5

2.06
0.63
0.94
6.60
2.6

DRIP IRRIGATION

Harvard, MA 6 bedroom 660 gpd Nitrex™ System

Scully Estate –Environmental Center
Suffolk County, Islip, NY
ON-SITE WASTEWATER TREATMENT SYSTEM
Project Application Data: Location:
Scully Estate –Suffolk County Environmental Center Site Application:
Islip, NY Installation Date:
November 2008
 Start-up:
Summer 2011
Wastewater Lombardo Associates, Inc.
Engineer:
Boston, MA & Malibu, CA
www.LombardoAssociates.com
Design Profile:

Design Wastewater Flow = 1,300 gpd
Wastewater Treatment Process:
Septic Tank → BioFilter → NitrexTM →Drainfield

Project Description:
The Scully Estate is located on South Bay
Avenue in Bay Shore, Islip, NY,
approximately 6,500 feet south ofMontauk Highway. Daily design flow is
1,300 gpd.
Because of the small flow
and the distance and expense involved inconnecting to the municipal sewer, an onsite treatment and disposal system wasselected by Suffolk County.
Nitrogen removal was the criticalwastewater issue due to the groundwatersole
sourceaquiferandcoastalembayment environmental sensitivity tonitrogen. For this reason, the NitrexTM
system was sole source selected by
Suffolk County.
The entire project is LEED compliant. The
basic treatment process is nitrification
followed by the NitrexTM denitrification
reactor, then to the drainfield. Due to the
low alkalinity water supply and highnitrogen strength wastewater, an alkalinity
feed system is part of the system whichenables full nitrification to occur.

Nitrex TM
Effluent Nitrex TM
Total
TN %
Nitrogen (TN) TN (mg/l) Removal(mg/l)
Wastewater
Influent

Date

10/04/11

70.4

1.6

97.8%

03/21/12

81.3

5.1

94.6%

04/03/12

81.0

5.2

93.6%

04/10/12

81.0

4.8

94.1%

04/12/12

90.0

3.8

95.8%

04/17/12

81.0

3.4

95.8%

5.2
4.9
4.0

93.6%
94.3%
94.9%

04/24/12
81.0
08/21/12
85.2
Geometric Mean

Alternative Wastewater Systems
Achieving TN < 10 mg/l Study
Suffolk County NY
Project Application Data: Location:
Suffolk County New York Testing Period:
September 2011
Wastewater H2MEngineer:
Melville, NY
Project Description:
The Suffolk County Department of Health Services (SCDHS) retained the engineering firm of Hollzmacher,
McLendon and Murrell (H2M) to investigate the ability of alternative on-site sewage treatment and disposal
systems to meet the effluent requirement for total nitrogen of 10 mg/l or less. Upon evaluation and approval by
SCDHS, these systems could be implemented in place of currently approved on-site treatment systems inresidential and commercial applications. Based upon a wide-ranging comprehensive evaluation, four (4)technologies were identified by a joint panel of experts from SCDHS and H2M, as potentially capable ofachieving effluent TN < 10 mg/l, with NitrexTM system having the most promising capability.
Sampling of the candidate sites of the various technologies was then undertaken with the results for the
NitrexTM installations presented below.
On November 29, 2011, the Suffolk County Department of Health Services (SCDHS) approved the NitrexTM
system for use in Suffolk County to achieve effluent TN < 10 mg/l. As stated in the SCDHS News release:“The Nitrex system, which was installed at Scully Estate County Park and evaluated as part of the county’s
study, is now available for use on other commercial projects. Health officials have completed sampling of thissystem and the results have been exceptional, commonly reducing nitrogen to the range of two to three
milligrams per liter of wastewater discharge.”

Residential System Producing Total Nitrogen 3.26 mg/l
Project:

1933 Clifton Road
Virginia Beach, VA

Design Flow: 330 gpd
Wastewater
Engineer:
Pio Lombardo, P.E.
Lombardo Associates, Inc.
Boston, MA
617-964-2924
Pio@LombardoAssociates.com
www.LombardoAssociates.com

Lombardo Associates, Inc. (LAI) designed a residential
NitrexTM wastewater nitrogen removal system to serve a
3 bedroom residence in Virginia Beach. The NitrexTM
system is virtually maintenance free. The process flow
diagram is shown below. The system was installed in
2008, and is currently achieving an average effluent TN
3.26 mg/l. The water quality data is presented below:

Primary Treatment/
Septic Tank

Wastewater Flow

Recirculating Media
Filter (RMF)

NitrexTM Filter

NH4+ --> NO3-

NO3- --> N2

Drip IrrigationO O O O

Nitrex TM
Date

BOD TSSTN

Fecal
Coliform

21-Aug-09

18

15

1.87

40

4-Nov-09

16

5.3

1.61

<1

21-Jul-10

3

4

2.83

<1

27-Jan-11

8

5.1

6.72

<1

3.26
Total N % Removal

94.6%

P
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Cost Competitive NitrexTM Technology Systems on $ / lb Nitrogen Removed – Residential Systems
TN < 3 mg/l , averaging TN = 2.93 mg/l
Project:

Calvert County, MD
3 Sites

Design Flow:

450 gpd

Wastewater
Engineer:

PreTreatment
Unit
Septic Tank
NitrexPio Lombardo, P.E.
Lombardo Associates, Inc.
Boston, MA & Malibu, CA
617-964-2924
Pio@LombardoAssociates.com
www.LombardoAssociates.com

The Board of County Commissioners of Calvert
County, MD, awarded Lombardo Associates, Inc.
(LAI) three project sites for the installation of theNitrexTM Technology Nitrogen Removal Systems.
The systems were installed in 2008, and are currently achieving TN < 3 mg/l.

% Denitrification Rate = 93.3%

Site #1 – Before Construction

Site #2 – Before Construction

Site #1 – During Construction

Site #2 – During ConstructionTMSite #3 – Before Construction

Site #3 – After Construction

System Performance:

All Systems/Data Average TN = 2.93 mg/l

Residential System Producing Total Nitrogen < 5 mg/l
Project:

Dana Drive
Crawfordville, FL

Design Flow: 300 gpd
Wastewater
Engineer:
Pio Lombardo, P.E.
Lombardo Associates, Inc.
Boston, MA
617-964-2924
Pio@LombardoAssociates.com
www.LombardoAssociates.com
The NitrexTM system was first selected system by
the Florida Department of Health (FL DoH)for
evaluation as part of the multi-year FL DoH studyof passive nitrogen removal systems in which
only up to one pump is allowed in the treatment
system.
Lombardo Associates, Inc. (LAI) implemented aresidential NitrexTM wastewater nitrogen removal system to serve this 2 bedroom, 300 gpd residence in
Crawfordville FL, near Tallahassee. The system was installed in the summer of 2011, and is currently achieving
an effluent TN < 5 mg/l with no O&M. The water quality data is presented below:
Crawfordville, FL 32327
SepticTank
Effluent

Effluent

Date
TKN

BOD TKN

NH4-N

% TN
NO3/
TN % NO3-N
Remo
NO2 - N (calc) Removal
val

10/26/11

48

4.0

0.1

4.1

97.0%

91.5%

01/30/12

77

4.75

0.15

4.9

99.7%

93.6%

03/27/12

71

7.0

6.2

0.1

7.1

99.8%

90.0%

5/24/2012 (1)08/06/12
09/26/12
11/28/12
01/24/13
Average

95

20

20.0

15.0

0.03

20.0

99.9%

78.9%

73
81
94
100
79.9

ND
17
13
16.7

3.0
2.7
3.9
2.6
6.0

1.5
0.9
2.20
1.49
4.5

0.1
0.3
0.06
0.024
0.1

3.1
3.0
4.0
2.6
6.1

99.7%
98.8%
99.8%
99.9%
99.3%

95.8%
96.3%
95.8%
97.4%
92.4%

(2)

76.7

14.3

4.2

2.5

0.1

4.3

99.8%

94.1%

Geomean

75.4

16.4

5.05

3.08

0.10

4.8

99.2%

91.5%

Geomean (2)

75.3

0.0

4.0

2.1

0.1

4.1

99.8%

94.1%

Average(1)5-24-12 influent strength unusally high and pretreatment system did not remove 25 mg/l of TKN
w hich caused high Nitrex effluent TN(2)

Without 5-24-12 data

Passive Groundwater Treatment
for Nitrogen, Phosphorus & Perchlorate Removal
Nitrate Nitrogen < 0.1 -0.6 mg/l
Total Phosphorus < 0.1 mg/l
Total Perchlorate < 0.2 ug/l
Project:

Permeable Reactive Barrier (PRB)
Passive Groundwater Treatment
Nitrogen Removal

Wastewater
Engineer:
Pio Lombardo, P.E.
Lombardo Associates, Inc.
Boston, MA & Malibu, CA
617-964-2924
Pio@LombardoAssociates.com
www.LombardoAssociates.com

Site 1 – Nitrogen Removal – Cape Cod, MA

As part of a Cooperative Institute for Coastal andEstuarine Environmental Technology (CICEET) funded
demonstrated project, the Woods Hole Marine Biological
Lab (MBL) retained Lombardo Associates, Inc. (LAI) for
installation of the patented NitrexTM groundwater nitrogen
removal technology at two locations on Cape Cod, MA in
the Waquoit Bay watershed. The above photographillustrates the dramatic water quality improvement with
the installation.

Performance

Site
Waquoit Bay, MAChilds River, MA

Influent
Nitrate – N(mg/l)
1.74
7.19

Effluent
Nitrate – N(mg/l)
0.007
0.568

Installation of PRB

Cross Section. NitrexTM PRB

Site 2 – Nitrogen Removal – Southern New England
Two NitrexTM PRBs were installed in a Rhode Island coastal watershed. Upstream and downstream concentrationsof nitrate, ammonia, and dissolved organic nitrogen in the groundwater were monitored over two annual cycles. The
dissolved inorganic nitrogen (DIN) levels are presented below.
Rhode Island
Site
Sites
Coastal Site #1
Coastal Site #2

Influent DIN(mg/l)
3.9
3.7

Effluent DIN(mg/l)
0.2
0.1

DIN = Dissolved Inorganic Nitrogen = Ammonium + Nitrate + Nitrite

Site 3 – Perchlorate and Nitrogen Removal – Ontario, Canada
Ontario,
Canada Site
Influent
Effluent

Nitrate - N(mg/l)
50<0.1

Perchlorate(ug/l)
50<0.2

Site 4 – Phosphorus Removal –Massachusetts Site

Massachusetts
Site
Site #1

Influent
Phosphorus(mg/l)
1.7

Effluent
Phosphorus(mg/l)
0.1

PROJECT DESCRIPTION –Waquoit Bay, Ma –Passive Groundwater Treatment for
Nitrogen Removal

Treating Groundwater to Produce Nitrate – N Levels < 0.1 mg/l
Project:

Waquoit Bay, MA
Permeable Reactive Barrier (PRB)
Passive Groundwater Treatment
Nitrogen Removal

Wastewater
Engineer:
Pio Lombardo, P.E.
Lombardo Associates, Inc.
Malibu, CA & Boston, MA
617-964-2924
Pio@LombardoAssociates.com
www.LombardoAssociates.com

Waquoit Bay Test Sites

Waquoit Bay is located in the towns of Falmouth and
Mashpee on the south side of Cape Cod. It is part of the
Waquoit Bay National Estuarine Research Reserve(WBNERR), which has about 3,000 acres of bays,
ponds and uplands. As part of a Cooperative Institutefor Coastal and Estuarine Environmental Technology(CICEET) funded demonstrated project, the Woods Hole
Marine Biological Lab (MBL) retained Lombardo
Associates, Inc. (LAI) for installation of the patented
NitrexTM groundwater nitrogen removal technology at
two locations in the Waquoit Bay watershed.

The two installations constructed in summer 2005 are:
 Childs River Waquoit Bay Reserve Property –149 Waquoit Highway, East Falmouth, MA

NitrexTM PRB
BelowGroundPerformance.
Site

Waquoit Bay
Childs River

Influent
Nitrate – N(mg/l)
1.74
7.19

Effluent
Nitrate – N (mg/l)
0.007
0.568

Childs River PRB

Groundwater Flow

Algae

No Algae
NitrexTM PRB Below Ground(Installed August 2005)

WaquoitBay

Algae

NitrexTM Permeable Reactive Barrier (PRB)
For Nitrogen Removal
Waquoit Bay National Estuarine Research
Reserve (WBNERR), Falmouth, MA

Evaluated by the Woods Hole Marine
Biological Laboratory (MBL)
Photo Taken July 2009 by
Chris Weidman (WBNERR)

Groundwater Quality at Waquoit Bay Nitrate Dataat Waquoit
Bay – Data Collected by Woods
Collected by Woods Hole MBL

Hole MBL

Note log scale of Y axis
No Barrier

Groundwater Flow
With Barrier

66

PROJECT DESCRIPTION –MAYO PENINSULA, MD
Integrated Decentralized Wastewater Management System
Project:

Mayo Peninsula Wastewater
Management System - 900,000 gpd
8,000 people

Client:Anne Arundel County
Department of Public Works
2662 Riva Road
Annapolis, MD 21401

Wastewater
Engineer: Pio Lombardo, P.E.
Lombardo Associates, Inc.
Boston, MA & Malibu, CA
617-964-2924
Pio@LombardoAssociates.com
www.LombardoAssociates.com

Lombardo Associates, Inc. (LAI) was the Engineer of Record for the Mayo Peninsula Wastewater
Collection System which serves 3,000 connections within a 9 square mile area adjacent to Annapolis,
MD, with a population of approximately 8,000, where integration of growth management and use of
wetlands for wastewater treatment were key attributes. Construction completion occurred in 1992 for the$60 million project.
LAI designed & implemented an innovative decentralized wastewater management project using:
1. On-site systems
2. Cluster wastewater system
3. Large communal system using:¾ 40 miles of septic tank effluent collection system (50% gravity & 50% pressure)¾ 900,000 gallons per day (gpd) Treatment Process of: recirculating sand filters,
 constructed bulrush wetlands for nitrogen removal,
 constructed peat wetland for phosphorus removal
 UV disinfection¾ Ultimate disposal through an off-shore, submerged aquatic vegetation wetland`
Figure A: Process Flow Diagram

Integrated Phase Implementation:
The Mayo Peninsula Wastewater Collection System was completed in stages, with theCollection System and 20% of the construction occurring in year 1. Thereafter, an
additional 20% of construction occurred each year until completion. Modular development
allowed gradual investment and improved operational efficiency.
Table 1: Historical Performance
Average Data from 01/93 to 08/05



Table 1 (right) presents the treatment
performance.

BOD

Septic
Tank
Influent

Treatment
Plant
Effluent

Reduction% ofInfluent

85.8

4.4

94.8%

55.7

2.1

96.3%

33.7

7.4

78.0%

(mg/l)

TSS(mg/l)



Figures 1-5 (below) illustrate theprocess demonstrated in the process
flow diagram of Figure A.

Figure 1A: Typical House Septic Tank –Effluent Collection

TN(mg/l)

Figure 1B: Typical Small Pump Station

Septic Tank Cover
Porous Pavement

Figure 1C: Typical Large Pump Station

Figure 2: Aerial View of Communal
Wastewater Treatment System
Peat Wetlands
Bulrush Wetlands

Recirculating
Sand Filter (RSF)

Figure 3: Bulrush Wetland

Figure 4: Peat Wetland During Operation

Figure 5: Aerial View of Constructed Offshore
Wetlandsubmerged aquaticvegetation wetlands

No-Discharge Nitrex

Project:

TM

st

Wastewater Treatment System – 1 of its kind in California – unanimously approved

La Paz Development
Malibu, CA

Malibu La Paz – City Hall Village Green

Code Design Flow: 37,120 gpd
Wastewater
Engineer:Lombardo Associates, Inc.
Malibu, CA & Boston, MA
www.LombardoAssociates.com

ClientReference:

Mr. Don Schmitz, AICP
Schmitz & Associates, Inc.
DonS@schmitzandassociates.net

The La Paz Development, located in an environmentally sensitive area adjacent to the famous Malibu Surfrider
Beach, consists of eleven (11) commercial buildings with two 175 seats restaurants and a municipal facility.
La Paz Development, Malibu, CA - No Discharge Wastewater Reuse System
Landscape Irrigation

PotableWater Supply

WWTP

Recycled
Water

Reuse for
Bathroom and/or
other Non
Potable Use

The wastewater management plan includes
a CA Department of Public Health approved
Title 22 Disinfected Tertiary Recycled Water
Treatment system that will beneficially reuse
all recycled water for in-building non-potablewater use purposes and landscape irrigation
and will have No Discharge to the ground or
surface waters. An effluent storage tank isprovided for seasonal periods when recycledwater generation is greater than reuserequirements.

No Discharge is achieved by:
1. In-Building Bathroom Non-Potable Water Reuse Purposes
2. Landscape Irrigation
The integrated wastewater-recycled water-irrigation system will achieve a 57% reduction of water use.

The LaPaz Wastewater Management Engineering
Plan was unanimously approved by the Los Angeles
Regional Water Quality Control Board (LARWQCB),
which has issued a WRR/WDR permit for the project- the first such system approved in California. The
California Department of Public Health (DPH) has
determined that the LaPaz wastewater reuse projectis compliant with CA Title 22 Disinfected Tertiary
Treatment Standards.
The City of Malibu has
approved the LaPaz Wastewater Management –Water Reuse System.

EPA841-R-10-002
May 12, 2010

Guidance forFederal Land Managementin the Chesapeake Bay Watershed

Chapter 6. Decentralized Wastewater Treatment Systems

Nonpoint Source Pollution
Office of Wetlands, Oceans, and Watersheds
U.S. Environmental Protection Agency

GuidanceforFederalLandManagementintheChesapeakeBayWatershed

Source: Rich 2005.

Figure 6-2. Effluent TN concentrations for systems tested in the La Pine Project.
Table 6-1. System components and type classifications for Figure 6-2
System component/type

General classification

Septic Tank

Primary treatment vessel

Lined Sand Filter

Attached growth, sand media

Bottomless Sand Filter

Attached growth, sand media

AdvanTex AX-20

Attached growth, textile media

AdvanTex RX-30

Attached growth, textile media

Puraflo

Attached growth, peat media

Dyno2

Attached growth, gravel media, wetland polishingAmphidrome

Attached growth/suspended growth hybrid

Biokreisel

Attached growth/suspended growth hybrid

EnviroServer

Attached growth/suspended growth hybrid

FAST Bio-Microbics

Attached growth/suspended growth hybrid

IDEA

Suspended growth

Nayadic

Suspended growth

NiteLess

Suspended growth with add-on anoxic filter

NITREX

Add-on anoxic filter

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Chapter6.DecentralizedWastewaterTreatmentSystemsGuidanceforFederalLandManagementintheChesapeakeBayWatershed

Table 6-2. Examples of biological N removal performance from the literature
TN removal efficiency(%)

Effluent TN(mg/L)

25%–61%a

37–60a

60%b

15.5b

Single-Pass Sand Filters (SPSF)

8%–50%c

30–60cRecirculating Sand/Gravel Filters (RSF)

15%–84%d

10–47dMulti-Pass Textile Filters (AdvanTex AX20)

64%–70%e

3–55e

RSF w/ Anoxic Filter

40%–90%f

7–23f

RSF w/ Anoxic Filter & external carbon source

74%–80%g

10–13g

RUCK system

29%–54%h

18–53h96%i

2.2i

Technology examples
Suspended growth
Aerobic units w/ pulse aeration
Sequencing batch reactor
Attached growth

NITREX
Source: Adapted from Washington Department of Health 2005

Notes: Overall performance can vary, depending on system configuration and other factors. For detailed descriptions oftreatment processes and technologies, see
http://www.psparchives.com/publications/our_work/hood_canal/hood_canal/n_reducing_technologies.pdf.
a. California Regional Water Quality Control Board 1997; Whitmeyer et al. 1991
b. Ayres Associates 1998
c. Converse 1999; Gold et al. 1992; Loomis et al. 2001; Nolte & Associates 1992; Ronayne et al. 1982
d. California Regional Water Quality Control Board 1997; Gold et al. 1992; Loomis et al 2001; Nolte & Associates 1992;
Oakley et al. 1999; Piluk and Peters 1994; Ronayne et al. 1982
e. NSF International 2009
f. Ayres Associates 1998; Sandy et al. 1988
g. Gold et al. 1989
h. Brooks 1996; Gold et al. 1989
j. Rich et al. 2003

4.6 Composting Toilet Systems
Composting toilet systems that contain and treat toilet wastes can reduce watershed N
discharges significantly, because such wastes account for 70–80 percent of the TN load indomestic wastewater. Composting systems have been used successfully in both private andpublic facility settings. Like all systems, they require appropriate design and ongoing
maintenance. A graywater treatment system is needed if the facility generates sink, laundry, orother graywater, therefore adding to the cost. Capital costs for composting systems (andexcluding the cost of graywater systems) range from $2,500 to $10,000, with O&M expenses of$50 to $100 per year (USEPA 1999). The single-house viability of such systems depends on
local codes and the owner’s attitude, though acceptance and use of composting systems is

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Chapter6.DecentralizedWastewaterTreatmentSystems