The XXXth International Conference on Ultra-relativistic Nucleus-Nucleus Collisions (Quark Matter 2023), Houston, USA

Collective Dynamics– theoretical overview
Yuuka Kanakubo
University of Jyväskylä, Centre of Excellence in Quark Matter𝒗𝒏 Correlation of particles in momentum space

the XXXth International Conference on Ultra-relativistic Nucleus-Nucleus Collisions, 07/09/2023, Houston, USA

Yuuka Kanakubo (University of Jyväskylä)

2Collectivity in early 2000s

𝒗𝒏 Correlation of particles in momentum space
Initial state

Evolution of QGP + hadron gas

Elliptic flow… J. Y. Ollitrault (1992)
Hydrodynamic response
against initial geometry➔ Hydrodynamic
behaviour of QGP
D. Molnar and M. Gyulassy (2002),
P. F. Kolb and U. Heinz (2003)…

Collectivity: purely born in hydrodynamic expansion
the XXXth International Conference on Ultra-relativistic Nucleus-Nucleus Collisions, 07/09/2023, Houston, USA

Yuuka Kanakubo (University of Jyväskylä)

3Collectivity in small systems

J. Sun (Thu, plenary)

In high-multiplicity small systems…

Hydro-like collectivity
Reviews: B. Schenke (2021); J. L. Nagle and W. A. Zajc
(2018); K. Dusling et al. (2016)…

Long range
correlation

QGP formation or not?

CMS Collaboration, JHEP
09 091 (2010)

Flow from three
distinct geometries
PHENIX Collaboration, Phys. Rev. C 97, 064904(2018), Nature Phys. 15 (2019) 3, 214-220

Workshop series: QCD challenges from pp to AA
J. Adolfsson et al. (2020)

Taxco 2016, Puebla 2017, Lund 2019,

Padova 2023

Other possible sources of collectivity?
Momentum anisotropy in CGC?
Underlying event (e.g. MPI)?

etc.

the XXXth International Conference on Ultra-relativistic Nucleus-Nucleus Collisions, 07/09/2023, Houston, USA

Multiparticle azimuthal
Collaboration, Phys. Rev.
correlations ALICE
Lett. 123 (2019) 14, 142301
Yuuka Kanakubo (University of Jyväskylä)

4Collectivity in 2023

𝒗𝒏 Correlation of particles in momentum space
Initial state

Evolution of QGP

the XXXth International Conference on Ultra-relativistic Nucleus-Nucleus Collisions, 07/09/2023, Houston, USA

Hadronic afterburner

Yuuka Kanakubo (University of Jyväskylä)

5G. Giacalone 2308.09699

Collectivity in 2023

X. Zhao et al. (2023)

L. Oliva et al., (2020)
C. Bierlich et al.
(2021)

Initial state
B. Schenke (2021)
M. Greif et al. (2021)

Evolution of QGP

Hadronic afterburner

W. Zhao et al.
(2020)

C. Bierlich
et al. (2021)

B. Schenke et al., (2020)

etc.
the XXXth International Conference on Ultra-relativistic Nucleus-Nucleus Collisions, 07/09/2023, Houston, USA

Yuuka Kanakubo (University of Jyväskylä)

6

P. Singh (Wed, parallel)Collectivity in 2023 Conserved charge evolution
G. Pihan (Tue, parallel)

Deformed
nuclei withJIMWLKin iEBE-MUSICL. Du (Tue, parallel)

Probing initial baryon
production with 𝒗𝟏 (𝒚)Flow from preequilibrium
P. Bozek (Tue, parallel)

Evolution of QGP

Initial state
I. Karpenko (Wed, parallel),B. Tomasik (Wed, parallel)

W. Zhao et al.
M. Singh (Tue,(2020)
parallel)

MUFFIN: MUlti Fluid simulation
for Fast IoN collisions

Minijet-hydro interaction

Hadronic afterburner
C. Shen (Tue, parallel), B. Schenke (Tue, parallel)

3D-Glauber+hydro+afterburner W. Zhao etal. (2023)

J. Cimerman et al., (2023)

D. D. Chinellato (Thu, plenary)for experimental summary

the XXXth International Conference on Ultra-relativistic Nucleus-Nucleus Collisions, 07/09/2023, Houston, USAetc.
Yuuka Kanakubo (University of Jyväskylä)

7Collectivity in 2023
Various possible contributions to final 𝒗𝒏
Collectivity⇏

C. Bierlich et al.
(2021)

Hydrodynamic
behavior of QGP

Good
Evolutionof QGP
Initialstate
Opportunities
toW. Zhao et al.
B. Schenke (2021)
study…
(2020)
M. Greif et al. (2021)

Bad
Hadronic afterburner
Large theoreticaluncertainty

Collectivity is from everywhere
Which physics? How much?

Nuclear structure, feature of CGC,
properties of QGP etc.

W. Zhao et al. (2023)

B. Schenke et al., (2020)

etc.
the XXXth International Conference on Ultra-relativistic Nucleus-Nucleus Collisions, 07/09/2023, Houston, USA

Yuuka Kanakubo (University of Jyväskylä)

8Collectivity in 2023
Various possible contributions to final 𝒗𝒏
Collectivity⇏

C. Bierlich et al.
(2021)

Hydrodynamic
behavior of QGP

Good
Evolutionof QGP
Initialstate
Opportunities
toW. Zhao et al.
B. Schenke (2021)
study…
(2020)
M. Greif et al. (2021)

Bad
Hadronic afterburner
Large theoreticaluncertainty

Collectivity is from everywhere
Which physics? How much?

Nuclear structure, feature of CGC,
properties of QGP etc.

B. Schenke et al., (2020)

etc.
the XXXth International Conference on Ultra-relativistic Nucleus-Nucleus Collisions, 07/09/2023, Houston, USA

Yuuka Kanakubo (University of Jyväskylä)

9Which physics? How much?

𝐞𝐱
𝒗𝒏

𝐭𝐡
𝒗𝒏
Afterburner

Large theoretical Hydro evolution
uncertainty

Initial flow

Stringinteraction

In this talk…

Nuclear shape
Geometricalfluctuation in p/A

How to disentangle eachcontribution qualitatively
and quantitatively
HIC is now
precision science.

Towards next generation…

Hydro Monte-Carlo
Event Generators+ Statistical tools

Highlights on recent results

Ultra Peripheral Collisions (UPC)𝒃 ≫ 𝑹𝑨 + 𝑹𝑩
A. Stahl, LPCC
CERN Seminar,
6.12.2022

𝜸A

AA pA
Go smaller…

➔ Ultra Peripheral!

Photon-nucleus

Study on partonic structure of nucleus

𝒗𝟑

𝒗𝟐

Collectivity in high multiplicity UPC
ATLAS collaboration: Phys. Rev. C 104 (2021) 1, 014903

𝒑𝑻 [𝐆𝐞𝐕]𝒑𝑻 [𝐆𝐞𝐕]Is it possible to understand withexisting theoretical models?

the XXXth International Conference on Ultra-relativistic Nucleus-Nucleus Collisions, 07/09/2023, Houston, USA

Yuuka Kanakubo (University of Jyväskylä)

12Ultra Peripheral Collisions (UPC)

𝒗𝟐

CGC

Y. Shi et al., Phys. Rev. D 103 (2021) 5, 054017

B. Schenke (Tue, parallel)𝒗𝟐

𝒑𝑻 [𝐆𝐞𝐕]the XXXth International Conference on Ultra-relativistic Nucleus-Nucleus Collisions, 07/09/2023, Houston, USA

Hydro

W. Zhao et al., Phys. Rev. Lett. 129 (2022) 25, 252302

𝒑𝑻 [𝐆𝐞𝐕]Yuuka Kanakubo (University of Jyväskylä)

13Ultra Peripheral Collisions (UPC)

𝒗𝟐

CGC

Y. Shi et al., Phys. Rev. D 103 (2021) 5, 054017

B. Schenke (Tue, parallel)𝒗𝟐

𝒑𝑻 [𝐆𝐞𝐕]the XXXth International Conference on Ultra-relativistic Nucleus-Nucleus Collisions, 07/09/2023, Houston, USA

Hydro

W. Zhao et al., Phys. Rev. Lett. 129 (2022) 25, 252302

𝒑𝑻 [𝐆𝐞𝐕]Yuuka Kanakubo (University of Jyväskylä)

14Ultra Peripheral Collisions (UPC)

𝒗𝟐

CGC

Y. Shi et al., Phys. Rev. D 103 (2021) 5, 054017

B. Schenke (Tue, parallel)

𝒗𝟐

Hydro

W. Zhao et al., Phys. Rev. Lett. 129 (2022) 25, 252302

Both𝒑CGC
and
hydro
give
reasonable
description[𝐆𝐞𝐕]
𝒑𝑻 [𝐆𝐞𝐕]𝒑
𝑻 𝑻 [𝐆𝐞𝐕]➔ Initial state or/and final state?

P. Bozek (2016); G. Giacalone et al. (2020); S. H. Lim et al. (2021)… …J. L. Nagle (Tue, poster)
the XXXth International Conference on Ultra-relativistic Nucleus-Nucleus Collisions, 07/09/2023, Houston, USA

Yuuka Kanakubo (University of Jyväskylä)

15Origin of collectivity in IP-Glasma
B. Schenke et al., Phys. Rev. D 105 (2022) 9, 094023

Momentum anisotropy
T. Lappi et al., (2016)

Correlated gluons fromeach colour field domain
in initial state

Geometrical anisotropy

H. Mäntysaari and B. Schenke, (2016)

Seeds for momentum
anisotropy in final stateevolution➔ disentangle with full 3D glasma in pPb
𝑪𝒗𝟐 𝚫𝒚𝚫𝒚 (rapidity gap)
the XXXth International Conference on Ultra-relativistic Nucleus-Nucleus Collisions, 07/09/2023, Houston, USA

𝑪𝝐𝟐 𝚫𝒚𝚫𝒚 (rapidity gap)
Yuuka Kanakubo (University of Jyväskylä)

16Origin of collectivity in IP-Glasma
B. Schenke et al., Phys. Rev. D 105 (2022) 9, 094023

Momentum anisotropy
T. Lappi et al., (2016)

Correlated gluons fromeach colour field domain
in initial state

Geometrical anisotropy

H. Mäntysaari and B. Schenke, (2016)

Seeds for momentum
anisotropy in final stateevolution➔ disentangle with full 3D glasma in pPb
𝑪𝝐𝟐 𝚫𝒚𝑪𝒗𝟐 𝚫𝒚Long

Short𝚫𝒚 (rapidity gap)
the XXXth International Conference on Ultra-relativistic Nucleus-Nucleus Collisions, 07/09/2023, Houston, USA𝚫𝒚 (rapidity gap)
Yuuka Kanakubo (University of Jyväskylä)

17Origin of collectivity in IP-Glasma
B. Schenke et al., Phys. Rev. D 105 (2022) 9, 094023

Momentum anisotropy
T. Lappi et al., (2016)

Correlated gluons fromeach colour field domain
in initial state

Geometrical anisotropy

H. Mäntysaari and B. Schenke, (2016)

Seeds for momentum
anisotropy in final stateevolution➔ disentangle with full 3D glasma in pPb
𝑪𝝐𝟐 𝚫𝒚𝑪𝒗𝟐 𝚫𝒚

Long

Short

Long-range correlation in IP-Glasma: Geometrical anisotropy
𝚫𝒚Sign(rapiditygap)of 𝝆 𝒗𝟐 , [𝒑 ] : re-investigation𝚫𝒚 needed(rapidity gap)change𝑻
𝟐the XXXth International Conference on Ultra-relativistic Nucleus-Nucleus Collisions, 07/09/2023, Houston, USA

Yuuka Kanakubo (University of Jyväskylä)

18

Nuclear imaging

Figs modified from J. E. Bernhard, 1804.06469

J. Jia, Phys. Rev. C 105 (2022) 1, 014905

the XXXth International Conference on Ultra-relativistic Nucleus-Nucleus Collisions, 07/09/2023, Houston, USA

Yuuka Kanakubo (University of Jyväskylä)

19

Nuclear imaging

Figs modified from J. E. Bernhard, 1804.06469

J. Jia, Phys. Rev. C 105 (2022) 1, 014905

Accessing structure of colliding nucleus from collectivity

the XXXth International Conference on Ultra-relativistic Nucleus-Nucleus Collisions, 07/09/2023, Houston, USA

Yuuka Kanakubo (University of Jyväskylä)

20

Nuclear imaging

Figs modified from J. E. Bernhard, 1804.06469

J. Jia, Phys. Rev. C 105 (2022) 1, 014905

Accessing structure of colliding nucleus from collectivity- Neutron skin of 208Pb
G. Giacalone et al.,2305.00015

G. Nijs (Wed, parallel)

J. Jia et al., (2023)

J. Jia (Tue, parallel)- Nuclear structure from 𝜸 + 𝑼 → 𝑱/𝚿 +𝑼∗
H. Mäntysaari
et al.(2023)

W. Zhao (Wed, parallel) , H. Mäntysaari (Fri, plenary)- Energy scale dependence of nuclear structure- Quadrupole & octupole moment
P. Singh (Wed, parallel)
with
JIMWLK
deformation in isobar collisions 96Ru+96Zr - Method for systematic study on nuclear structure
J. Jia (2022)
M. Luzum et al. (2023)

M. W. Luzum (Tue, parallel)

See also INT PROGRAM INT-23-1A Jan-Feb 2023: Giacalone, Jia, Lee, Noronha‐Hostler
the XXXth International Conference on Ultra-relativistic Nucleus-Nucleus Collisions, 07/09/2023, Houston, USA

Yuuka Kanakubo (University of Jyväskylä)

21

Woods-Saxon parameters from microscopics
W. Ryssens et al., Phys. Rev. Lett. 130 (2023) 21, 212302

Parameters in 𝝆𝐖𝐒 𝒓 :𝒓𝐀𝐮,𝐔 𝟐 𝟐

nuclear radius 𝑹𝟎
skin depth 𝒂deformation 𝜷𝐖𝐒𝒍From different types of nuclear experiments

Q. Y. Shou et al. (2015)➔𝑹𝟎 and 𝒂: obtained integrated over rotation➔ With simple theoretical models

Idea: Fit all WS parameters with 𝝆 𝒓 fromEnergy Density Functional (EDF)

𝐂𝐞𝐧𝐭𝐫𝐚𝐥𝐢𝐭𝐲 [%]the XXXth International Conference on Ultra-relativistic Nucleus-Nucleus Collisions, 07/09/2023, Houston, USA

Yuuka Kanakubo (University of Jyväskylä)

22

Woods-Saxon parameters from microscopics
W. Ryssens et al., Phys. Rev. Lett. 130 (2023) 21, 212302

Parameters in 𝝆𝐖𝐒 𝒓 :𝒓𝐀𝐮,𝐔 𝟐 𝟐

nuclear radius 𝑹𝟎
skin depth 𝒂deformation 𝜷𝐖𝐒𝒍From different types of nuclear experiments

Q. Y. Shou et al. (2015)

𝜷𝐖𝐒
𝟐 : 𝟎. 𝟐𝟖𝟎 ➔ 𝟎. 𝟐𝟒𝟕
EDF fit➔𝑹𝟎 and 𝒂: obtained integrated over rotation➔ With simple theoretical models

Idea: Fit all WS parameters with 𝝆 𝒓 fromEnergy Density Functional (EDF)

𝐂𝐞𝐧𝐭𝐫𝐚𝐥𝐢𝐭𝐲 [%]Woods-Saxon to the next level
Opened up opportunity to connect two different fields, nuclear structure & HIC
the XXXth International Conference on Ultra-relativistic Nucleus-Nucleus Collisions, 07/09/2023, Houston, USA

Yuuka Kanakubo (University of Jyväskylä)

23

Statistical Analysis on collectivity- Towards quantitative investigation -Model-data comparisons with Bayesian analysis
Most quantitative method
to disentangle each contribution to final 𝒗𝒏

𝐞𝐱
𝒗𝒏
𝐭𝐡
𝒗𝒏
the XXXth International Conference on Ultra-relativistic Nucleus-Nucleus Collisions, 07/09/2023, Houston, USA

Yuuka Kanakubo (University of Jyväskylä)

25Model-data comparisons with Bayesian analysis
Most quantitative method
to disentangle each contribution to final 𝒗𝒏
C. Shen (Tue, parallel)

Neutron skin𝜼/𝒔 and 𝜻/𝒔 at high 𝑻 with
Liyanage et al.,anisotropic hydro D.
2302.14184

G. Giacalone et al.,2305.00015

G. Nijs (Wed, parallel)𝐭𝐡𝒗𝒏

D. Everett et al.
(JETSCAPE), (2022)

hydro

⋯

Deuteronproduction
mechanism𝐞𝐱𝒗𝒏Lead by pioneering works…

A. Mankolli (Tue, parallel)

3D-Glauber with string deceleration➔ Constraint with energy scan!

Bernhard et al. (2016), Bass et al. (2017), Bernhard et al. (2019)...

U. Heinz (Wed, parallel)

See also
J. Mulligan (Mon, plenary)

HIC has entered the era of precision science.

the XXXth International Conference on Ultra-relativistic Nucleus-Nucleus Collisions, 07/09/2023, Houston, USA

Yuuka Kanakubo (University of Jyväskylä)

26

Caveat on Bayesian results

G. Nijs (Wed, parallel)

G. Nijs and W. van. der. Schee, Phys. Rev. Lett. 129 (2022) 23, 232301

Problem: Quite “large” nucleon width 𝒘 (∼ 𝟎. 𝟖-𝟏. 𝟎 𝐟𝐦) from Bayesian
Idea: include 𝝈𝑨𝑨 as input observable
ALICE Collaboration 2204.10148− 𝝈𝑨𝑨 is expected to be sensitive only on nuclear profile

PosteriorWithout 𝝈𝑨𝑨With 𝝈𝑨𝑨𝝆 𝒗𝟐 𝟐 𝟐 , 𝒑𝑻

Smaller 𝒘+ include 𝝈𝑨𝑨
𝒘 [𝐟𝐦]

𝒘 [𝐟𝐦]

Centrality[%]

Potential uncertainties in selection of data and theoretical models
the XXXth International Conference on Ultra-relativistic Nucleus-Nucleus Collisions, 07/09/2023, Houston, USA

Yuuka Kanakubo (University of Jyväskylä)

27

H. Hirvonen (Tue, poster)“Skipping” hydro simulation
with
Deep
Learning
H. Hirvonen et al., 2303.04517
𝒆 𝒙, 𝒚 from EKRT

Observables
𝒗𝒏 , 𝒑𝑻 , 𝒅𝑵/𝒅𝜼

Convolution Neural
Network, ”DenseNet”

Validation
𝒗𝟐
𝒗𝟓

𝒗𝟑
𝒗𝟔

Hydro

𝒗𝟒
[𝒑𝑻 ]

𝒏𝑴𝑯𝑪 𝒗𝟐𝟐 , 𝒗𝟐𝟑 , 𝒗𝟐𝟒

Neural Network

Event-by-event training & prediction
Neural Network
Hydro

Centrality[%]

the XXXth International Conference on Ultra-relativistic Nucleus-Nucleus Collisions, 07/09/2023, Houston, USA

Works for ‘difficult’ observables
Sophistication of observables
on collectivity➔ Cut computational cost &Gain statistics for precisions!
Yuuka Kanakubo (University of Jyväskylä)

28

HIC has entered the era of precision science, but

Do dynamical models havesuch precision?
➔ Same analysis method as experiments
should be applied- Event by event energy- Entire momentum space(full 3D + soft to hard)
momentum conservation

Monte-Carlo Event Generators
A. Buckley et al., Phys. Rept. 504 (2011) 145-233

PYTHIA/PYTHIA Angantyr: T. Sjöstrand et al., Comput. Phys. Commun. 178, 852 (2008), C. Bierlich et al.,JHEP 10 (2018) 134…, HIJING: X. N. Wang et al., Phys. Rev. D 44 (1991) 3501-3516…, EPOS: K. Werner et al, Phys.
Rev. C 74 (2006) 044902…, AMPT: Z. W. Lin et al., Phys. Rev. C 72 (2005) 064901…

+ Statistical tools

For all observables➔ Which physics? How much?

HIC has entered the era of precision science, but

C. Shen (Tue, parallel)

Do dynamical models havesuch precision?
➔ Same analysis method as experiments
should be applied- Event by event energy- Entire momentum space(full 3D + soft to hard)
momentum conservation

Monte-Carlo Event Generators
A. Buckley et al., Phys. Rept. 504 (2011) 145-233

PYTHIA/PYTHIA Angantyr: T. Sjöstrand et al., Comput. Phys. Commun. 178, 852 (2008), C. Bierlich et al.,JHEP 10 (2018) 134…, HIJING: X. N. Wang et al., Phys. Rev. D 44 (1991) 3501-3516…, EPOS: K. Werner et al, Phys.
Rev. C 74 (2006) 044902…, AMPT: Z. W. Lin et al., Phys. Rev. C 72 (2005) 064901…

+ Statistical tools

For all observables➔ Which physics? How much?

Figs: Talk by K. Werner at QCD challenges from pp to AA collisions 2023

Two component picture: hydro and strings
EPOS4 K. Werner, 2301.12517; 2306.10277; 2306.02396
Core-corona picturein equilibrium: QGP hydro (core), out-of equilibrium: strings (corona)- Initial: factorization/binary scaling at high 𝒑𝑻 + saturation at low 𝒑𝑻➔ Entire 𝒑𝑻 range (soft to hard)- Microcanonical sampling from hydro via Markov chains➔ Event-by-event energy-momentum & charge conservation

From ee to AA within a single framework
For all observable
the XXXth International Conference on Ultra-relativistic Nucleus-Nucleus Collisions, 07/09/2023, Houston, USA

Yuuka Kanakubo (University of Jyväskylä)

31

Multi-strange hadron yield ratios from EPOS
K. Werner, 2301.12517

𝛀/𝝅Competition between
QGP hydro (core) & strings (corona)➔ Multiplicity dependenceof 𝛀/𝝅Both in and out-of equilibrium
Global description of all observables!

𝒅𝑵𝐜𝐡 /𝒅𝜼𝒔
the XXXth International Conference on Ultra-relativistic Nucleus-Nucleus Collisions, 07/09/2023, Houston, USA

Not only collectivity but also
hadron chemistry
Yuuka Kanakubo (University of Jyväskylä)

32Fraction of production from QGP
Y. Kanakubo et al., Phys. Rev. C 105
EPOS4 K. Werner, 2301.12517
DCCI2 (2022) 2, 024905
Dynamical initialisation
based on core-corona

Core
Corona𝒅𝑵𝐜𝐡 /𝒅𝜼𝒔
the XXXth International Conference on Ultra-relativistic Nucleus-Nucleus Collisions, 07/09/2023, Houston, USA

Yuuka Kanakubo (University of Jyväskylä)

33

Fraction of production from QGP
Y. Kanakubo et al., Phys. Rev. C 105
EPOS4 K. Werner, 2301.12517
DCCI2 (2022) 2, 024905
Dynamical initialisation
based on core-corona

Core
CoronaOnset of QGP dominance𝒅𝑵𝐜𝐡 /𝒅𝜼𝒔 ∼ 𝟏𝟎-𝟐𝟎

𝒅𝑵𝐜𝐡 /𝒅𝜼𝒔
the XXXth International Conference on Ultra-relativistic Nucleus-Nucleus Collisions, 07/09/2023, Houston, USA

Yuuka Kanakubo (University of Jyväskylä)

34

Fraction of production from QGP
Y. Kanakubo et al., Phys. Rev. C 105
EPOS4 K. Werner, 2301.12517
DCCI2 (2022) 2, 024905
Dynamical initialisation
based on core-corona

Core
CoronaOnset of QGP dominance𝒅𝑵𝐜𝐡 /𝒅𝜼𝒔 ∼ 𝟏𝟎-𝟐𝟎

𝒅𝑵𝐜𝐡 /𝒅𝜼𝒔
the XXXth International Conference on Ultra-relativistic Nucleus-Nucleus Collisions, 07/09/2023, Houston, USA

Yuuka Kanakubo (University of Jyväskylä)

35

Fraction of production from QGP
Y. Kanakubo et al., Phys. Rev. C 105
EPOS4 K. Werner, 2301.12517
DCCI2 (2022) 2, 024905

PbPb
Onset of QGP dominance𝒅𝑵𝐜𝐡 /𝒅𝜼𝒔 ∼ 𝟏𝟎-𝟐𝟎

𝒅𝑵𝐜𝐡 /𝒅𝜼𝒔
the XXXth International Conference on Ultra-relativistic Nucleus-Nucleus Collisions, 07/09/2023, Houston, USA

pp

𝒅𝑵𝐜𝐡 /𝒅𝜼𝒔
Yuuka Kanakubo (University of Jyväskylä)

36Fraction of production from QGP
Y. Kanakubo et al., Phys. Rev. C 105
EPOS4 K. Werner, 2301.12517
DCCI2 (2022) 2, 024905

PbPb
Onset of QGP dominance𝒅𝑵𝐜𝐡 /𝒅𝜼𝒔 ∼ 𝟏𝟎-𝟐𝟎

ppHadron chemistry (𝛀/𝝅 , 𝚵/𝝅…): strong candidates 𝒅𝑵
for 𝐜𝐡global/𝒅𝜼𝒔analysis
𝒅𝑵non-equilibrated
𝐜𝐡 /𝒅𝜼𝒔
Both equilibrated andnot only in pp but also in AA
the XXXth International Conference on Ultra-relativistic Nucleus-Nucleus Collisions, 07/09/2023, Houston, USA

Yuuka Kanakubo (University of Jyväskylä)

37

Non-equilibrium contribution to collectivity in AA
Y. Kanakubo et al., Phys. Rev. C 106 (2022) 5, 054908

𝒄𝟐 𝟒 from PbPb 2.76 TeV

Collectivity is diluted by corona

𝟎. 𝟐 < 𝒑𝑻 < 𝟑. 𝟎 𝐆𝐞𝐕,
𝜼 < 𝟎. 𝟖

𝒄𝟐 𝟒

𝒄𝟐 𝟒 𝐜𝐨𝐫𝐞 ≠ 𝒄𝟐 𝟒 𝐭𝐨𝐭

Corona (string fragmentation)

core+corona

Caution on 𝜼/𝒔, 𝜻/𝒔… frommodel-data comparison

Core (hydro)

Event generator-lisationof hydro model➔ Interplay of soft and hard

𝑵𝐜𝐡the XXXth International Conference on Ultra-relativistic Nucleus-Nucleus Collisions, 07/09/2023, Houston, USA

See also

M. Singh (Tue, parallel)

Yuuka Kanakubo (University of Jyväskylä)

38

Towards hydro MC event generator
Main problems
to consider

Event-by-event
energy-momentum
conservation

Description of entire
momentum space(from soft to hard)Works towards this direction….

Microcanonical Sampling

M. Kuha (Tue, poster)

Full 3D MC EKRT

M. Kuha et al., in progress

pQCD (mini)jet production + saturation+ energy-momentum conservation➔ Initial condition with both soft and hard
* For hydro works with extension to low energy

D. Oliinychenko et al. (2019) (2020), K. Werner 2306.10277

Exact energy-momentum and charge conservationin hadronic sampling event-by-event

Core-corona

K. Werner (2006), 2301.12517;
Y. Kanakubo et al. (2022)

Soft and hard productions from a single framework

L. Du (Tue, parallel), C. Shen (Tue, parallel), D. Almaalol (Wed, parallel), I. Karpenko (Wed, parallel), B. Tomasik (Wed, parallel)More to come…!
the XXXth International Conference on Ultra-relativistic Nucleus-Nucleus Collisions, 07/09/2023, Houston, USA

Yuuka Kanakubo (University of Jyväskylä)

39SummarySummary
Collectivity in relativistic nuclear collisions 𝒗𝒏

pp, pAl, pAu, dAu, pO, pPb, HeAu, RuRu, ZrZr, OO, CuCu, CuAu, AuAu, UU, XeXe, PbPb…

Which physics?

How much?

Next generation dynamical models!
- Event by event energy- Entire momentum space
momentum conservation(full 3D + soft to hard)
For “all” observables
Powerful statistical tools (Bayesian analysis, Deep Learning etc.)

Extraction of nuclear structure, initial state dynamics etc.
…and QCD matter properties
Future experiments are awaiting! Theoretical models need to be ready.
System size scan ➔ see e.g. OO, pO: Brewer et al. 2103.01939 sPHENIX: Belmont et al. 2305.15491 etc.
the XXXth International Conference on Ultra-relativistic Nucleus-Nucleus Collisions, 07/09/2023, Houston, USA

Yuuka Kanakubo (University of Jyväskylä)

412023 Yagi Award

https://ithems.riken.jp/en/about/yagi-award“Kohsuke Yagi Quark Matter Award” (Yagi Award) isbased on the donation to iTHEMS from bereaved familyof late Professor Kohsuke Yagi who was a renowned
Japanese nuclear physicist. Responding to the family
request, the award aims to support early career
scientists with Japanese nationality, to promote andexpand country's nuclear physics research field. It will beawarded to junior Japanese physicists under age of 40
who give plenary talk at the “Quark Matter:
International Conference on Ultra-relativistic NucleusNucleus Collisions” held in every 1.5 years.
Prof. Kohsuke Yagi (1934-2014)
Quark Matter 1997, Chair
the XXXth International Conference on Ultra-relativistic Nucleus-Nucleus Collisions, 07/09/2023, Houston, USA

Yuuka Kanakubo (University of Jyväskylä)

42Special thanks for discussions on results

Giuliano Giacalone, Henry Hirvonen, Mikko Kuha, Heikki Mäntysaari,
Govert Njis, Wouter Ryssens, Wilke van der Schee, Pragya Singhand all members ofCentre of Excellence in Quark Matterin Jyväskylä

Thank you!

@coequarkmatter