On new or little-known Tipulida~.

33(presumably t~rom Loeb L-yen), that may be used for disseclion. It is to be hoped tha~ ia duo course our other Haliplids
will become better stu,tied, now the way has been paved by
Mr. Edwards (~) and by Mr. Balfour-Browne (I), who
eonfil~ed himself to the "ruficollis'" group. The biology ofthe llalil~lida~ is extremely interestiag~ as has been shown by
Mathesoxl (3) in America.
BIBLIOGRAPHY.

(,) F. BALFOuR-BRowN~:. "On the British Species of .lfaliplus, Latreille, related to Jta[iplus ruficollis, De Geer, with some Remarks
upon H. fulvicollis, El~.chson, and H..fureatus, Seidlitz." Ann. &Mag. Nat. ttist, ser. 8, vol. xv., Jan. 1915, p. 109, fig. 2.
(z) J. EDWARDS. " A Revision of the British Species of tIaliplus~ La-treille." Ent. Month. Mag. 2nd ser. vol. xxii. pp. 3, 5-6.
(3) R. MATItESON. "The Haliplidm of North America, North of
Mexico." Journ. N.Y. Ent. Soc. vol. xx., Sept. 1912,pp. 188 190.
(÷) A. Z~MM~a~ANN. Catalogus Cvloopterorum, pars 71 (ltaliplidm),
p. 304.

I V . - - N e w or little-known Tipulidm ( D i p l e r a ) . - - X l X .
Australasian Species. By CaaRLES P. aLEXANDEa, Ph.D.,
F.E.S., Massachusetts Agricultural College, Amherst,
Massachusetts, U.S.A_.
T n s species of crane-flies descrihed ill the present paper are
from various Pacitic Islands. The intportant collection fromFiji was sent by Messrs. Greenwood and Veitch to theImperial Bureau of Entomology, and thence to the writer
through Dr. Marshall and Mr. Edwards. Collections fromthe Solomons were sent from the Bishop Museum and tim
Museum of Comparative Zoology, Cambridge, Massachusetts.
Other islands included are the Hawaiian Islands, Austral
Islands, New Britain, and New Hebrides. For the interesting material from :New Britain, I am indebted to
Mr. Gerald F. Hill. T h e Epiphragma from New Hebrides
was included in large and important series of crane-flies in
the Paris Museum kindly sent to me by Mons. S6guy.

Doaneomyia fijiensis, sp. n.
Female.--Length about 4"8 mm. ; wing 6'5 ram.
Generally similar to D. tahitiensis, Alexander, differing asfollows : [lead scarcely darker brown than the mcsonotual. The
Ann. & Mag. 2V. Hist. Ser. 9. Vet. xiii.
3Dr. C. P. Alexander on

34

white tiblal bases are twice as extensive as those of D. tah{tiens{s, being fully two-thirds the white apex ; the total amountof white on the tibim thus exceeds the brown central portion ;the dark basal ring on metatarsi almost black. Wings withthe basal petiole even longer and more slender than in]D. tahitiensis. Sc~ is retreated back from the tip of Scl fora considerable distance, Scl alone being longer than the
stigma ; petiole of cell M= shorter and cell 2nd A narrower
than in 1). tahiliensis. Abdomen almost uniformly darkbrown, the sternites a little paler.
Hab. Fiji.
Hololype, ?, Mountains, Lafitoka, April 11, 1920

( I/V. Greenwood).
Type in the collection of the British Museum (Natural
History).

Dicranomyia ( Thrypticomyia) subsaltens, sp. n.
Male.--Length about 5 mm. ; wiffg 6"5 ram.
Female.-- Length 5"5 ram.; wing 6"4 mm.
Generally similar to i). (2¢:) apicalis (Wiedemann),differing as follows : Size larger (wing over 6 mm.). Wings almost uniformly
tinged with pale brown, the stigma elongate, darker brown.
Yenation: Scl ending opposite the origin of Rs, 8c2 far
removed from the tip of Scl, so that the latter vein alone isabout two-thirds the length of Rs ; inner end of cell 1st M~
rather squarely truncated, lying distad of the inner endof cell R3 ; basal deflection of Cul at or before mid-length ofcell 1st M2. Metatarsi with about the basal third darkencd.
Hab. Fiji.
Holotype, c~, Lafitoka, April 22, 1922 (W. Greenwood).
Mllotopotype, ~ , June 12, 1922 (R. Veilch).
Paratopotype, c~, with the type; paratypes, ~, ~Nadi,
July 27, 1913 (J. F. Illingworth). in author's collection ;d', Walu Bay, Suva, June 1922 (D. Stoner), in collectionof University of Iowa.
Type in the collection of the British Museum (Natural
History).
This is the species formerly determined by the writer(Ann. Ent. Soe. Amer., 7 : 239 ; 1914) as being Dicranomyia
saltens (Doleschall). It has since been shown, however,that the latter species is a Euqlochina, whereas D. apicalis(Wiedemann) is a Thrypticomyia amt is the earliest-described
species o~ the subgenus. A comparison with the type of

new or llttle-known Tipulid~e.

35

D. apicalis has shown the Fijian species to be amply distinct,
easily recognized by the larger size and almost uniformly
darkened wings, with vein Scl very lo,lg.
Dicranomyia bryani, sp. n.
General coloration dark chestnut-brown, the prmscutumwith a broad median stripe and broad lateral margins ofbrown; wi~gs conspicuously clouded with brown; abdomi~lal ~egments indistinctly bieolorous.
Male.-- Length about 6 ram. ; wing 8"4 ram.
tt~Jstrum and palpi black. Atltenum brownish black
throughout. Head dark brown.
Mesonotal pr~escutum dark chestnut-brown with a conspicuous brownish-black median stripe that does not reachthe suture; lateral margins of sclerite brownish black, theusual interspaees thus beittg very broad; seutal lobes darkb,.owu, the median area narrowly paler ; scutellum obscureyellow ; postnotum brownish hlack, the anterior two-thirds
slightly pruiuose. Pleura brown with an indistinct blackishlongitudiual stripe extending from the cervical sclerites tothe postnotum. Halteres pale brown, the base ot~ the stemand the apices of the knobs conspicuously pale yellow. Legs
with the cox~e brown, the posterior coxa~ paler ; trochantersbrownish testaceous; femora dark brow% the bases andapices a little paler; tibia~ and tarsi dark brown. Wings
faintly d~Lrkened, distinctly clouded with browH; stigmaoval, brown ; very broad pale t)rowi~ seams at origitl of Its,
along the cord and on the outer end of cell 1st M~ ; cell Sc
and a suffusion across the base~ of cells R, M, Cu, and theAnals paler brown ; veins dark brown. Venation : Sc short,
Sea ending a short distance beyond the origin of Rs, Sc,~
immediately opposite this origin ; cell 1st M~ about as lo~,g
as vein Ml+2 beyond it ; basal deflection of Cut just betbrc
the fork of M.
Abdominal segments dark brown, the caudal margins of
the aclerites narrowly but distinctly margined with paler;basal sternites more extensively ptde.
Hab. Hawaiian Islands.
Hototype, ~ , :~9 mi. ()laa, Hawaii, July 22 (l/V. M. Giffard).
Type in the collection of the Bishop ~Y[useum, Honoluht.
This very distinct species is named in honour of Mr. Edwi,qH. Bryan, Jr., to whom I am greatly indtd)ted for the privilege of studying important collectiotJs of ttawaiian Tipulid~e.

3~

36

Dr. C. P. Alexander on

Dicranonzyia rap~e, sp.,n.
General coloration dark brown, tile prmscutum with a still
darker brown median stripe; wings faintly tinged withbrown; stigma and spots at origin of Rs and at arculus
darker brown ; Sc short, Scl ending just beyond the originof Rs.
Female.--Length about 7 ram. ; wing 7'-7"5 mm.
Rostrum and palpi dark brown. Antennm dark brown,
the terminal segments broken. Head dark grey.
Mesonotum dark brown, the prmscutum with a darker
brown median stripe ; scutal lobes dark brown, the medianarea narrowly grey ; scutellum light grey; postnotum light
grey, the lateral sclerites a little darker. I)leura dark brown,
sparsely pruinose. Halteres with the bases obscure yellow,
the knobs broken. Legs with the coxm and trochanters lightbrown ; femora pale brown, the tips narrowly and rather indistinctly blackened ; remainder of legs obscure yellow, theterminal tarsal segments infuscated. Wings with a faintbrownish tinge ; stigma subcircular, dark brown ; brown
clouds at arculus and at origin of Rs, the latter also including
the tip of vein Sc ; less distinct brown clouds along the cord ;veins dark brown. Venation : Sc ending immediately beyond
the origin of Its, Sc~ close to its tip ; Rs a little less than
twice the basal deflection of R4+5; basal deflection of Cut
just before the fork of M.
Abdomen dark brown. Ovipositor with the tergal valvesmoderately elongate, almost straight.
Hab. Austral (Tubuai) Islands.
Holotype~ ~ , Rapa, November 1921, at light (Mrs. A. M.
Stokes).
Paratopotypes, 2 broken specimens.
Type in the collection of the Bishop Museum, Honolulu.

Dicranomyia fijiana, sp. n.
Wings subhyalinc, with a series of small brown clouds incells RI, Rs, Rs, 2nd Ms, ~]fs, Cu, Ca1, and 1st A ; vein Sc
short, Sc~ at the tip of SCl ; cell 1st Ms closed ; basal dcflectiou of Cul at the fork of Jr.
Male.--Length 5 ram. ; wing 6"4 ram.
Body of insect discoloured, the general coloration apparently dark brown or grey. Halteres brown, the basal
half of the stem paler. Legs broken beyond the trochanters.
Wings subhyaline, spotted and dotted with dark brown andgrey; the brown marks are at arculus, tip of Sc, extending caudad along the cord, and at the outer end of cell~ew or little-~nown Tit)ulid~e.

37

1st M~ ; the smaller grey clouds are distributed as follows : Two in cell R ; one each in cells Rs, Rs, 2nd M2, and M3 inan almost straight line; cloud in cell Cu at tip of vein
Cu2 ; in cell Cul near the outer end of vein 1st A ; one nearbase and one near apex of vein 2nd A in cell 1st ,4 ; veins
yellow, darker in the infuscated areas. Venation : Sc short,
Scl ending just beyond the origin of Rs, Sc~ not far from its
tip and also just beyond the origin of Rs ; Rs relatively shortand straight, about one-third longer than the arcuated basal
deflection of R4+~; R~+8 angulated at apex; cell 1st M2
elongate, gently widened distally, about as long as vein M 3
beyond it ; basal deflection of Cul at the £ork of M. Abdomen brown, the elongate fleshy lobes of the hypopygium
a little paler.
Hab. Fiji.
Ho/otype, c~, Mount Evans, Lafitoka, May l l j 1919
(Hr. Greenwood).
Type in the collection of the British Museum (Natural
History).
Limon{a veitchi, sp. n.
General coloration greenish yellow ; thorax with a black
dorso-median stripe that divides on the scutum and scutellum, enclosing a linear pale area; t~mora brown with asubterminal yellow ring ; wings subhyaline, the costal region
more yellowish ; cord and longitudinal veins narrowly seamedwith dark brown.
Male.--Length 8-10 ram. ; wing 10-12 mm.
Female.--Length 8"5 ram.; wing 9'5 ram.
Rostrum and palpi brownish black. Antennae brownish
black throughout.
Head brown, the vertex blackish
medially.
Pronotum pale greenish, with a black, longitudinal,
median stripe. Mesothorax pale greenish, in older specimens fading into dull yellow, the prmscutum with a black
median stripe that divides at the suture into two narrower
stripes that cross the mesal portions of the scutal lobes
on to the scutellum, the medial areas of both the scutum andscutellum being broadly pale; mediotergite of postnotum
black, the mark narrowed posteriorly. Halteres pale green,
the knobs dark brown. Legs with the cox~e and trochanterspale greenish ; femora obscure yellow at bases, soon passing
into dark brown ; a subterminal obscure yellow ring that is
usually a little less extensive than the black femoral tips;
tibiut and tarsi black. Wings subhyaline, the prearcular
cells and cells C and Sc more yellowish; stigma small~38

Dr. C. P. Alexander ~on

civ~ular, dark brown ; the cord, outer end of cell 1st MS,
and most of the I(mgitudinal veins are narrowly but conspicuously seamed with dark brown. Venation: Scl ending
about opposite one-third the h, ngdl of the basal section ofR~+3 ; SCl longer than the basal deflection of Cul ; Rs morethan three times the deflection of R4+5 ; Cu~ equal to or
shorter than the basal defl¢~ction of Cu~.
Abdominal tergites bicolorous, the narrow base and lateral
margins, and the broader apex of each segment, yellow, t,he
extensive median portion dark brown. In the female andsome males the yellow at the base of the segments is l~ot
indicated.
Hab. Fiji.
Holotype, d', Mountains, Lafitoka, May 1, 1921 (W..
Greenwood).
AUotopotype, ?.
Paratopolypes, 2 c~' s ; paratype, ~ ( R. Veitch).
Type in the collection of the British Museum (Natural
History.
This handsome crane-fly is named in honour of Mr. It.
Veitch.

Limonia novev-britta~icee~ sp. n.
General coloration dark brown, the humeral angles of thepr~escutum and portions of the scutum obscure yellow; legs
uniformly dark brown; wings faintly tinged with brown;
stigma small, circular; Sc long.
Male.--Le,gth 6"5-8 mm. ; wing 8'2-8"5 mm.
Rostrum and palpi dark brown. Antennae dark brown
througlmut. Head dark brown.
Pronotum dark brown.
Mesonotal prmseutum darkbrown, the humeral al~gles very restrictedly obscure yellow;
scutum obscure yellow, the centre of each lobe largely
brown ; scutellum a , d postnotum brown, the sutures tinged
with yellow. Pleura infuscatcd. Halteres brown, the baseof tl.e stem yellow. Legs with the coxm obscure brownish
yellow, the bases of the outer faces of fore and middle coxm
iufuscated ; trochanters brownish yellow ; remainder of thelegs dark brown. Wings faintly tinged with brown, iridescent, the subcostal cell a little darker; stigma small,circular, pale brown; veins dark brown. Venation: Sc
long, Scl extending to opposite two-thirds the length of thebasal section of R2+3; Scl a little shorter than the basal
deflection of' R4+5 ; Rs a little less than three times the basal
deflection of R4+~ ; m and outer deflection of M s suhequal ;basal deflection of Cut near mid-length of cell 1st M~.

new or l~'ttZe-]cnown Tipulid~.

39

Abdominal tergites dark brown, the caudal and lateral
margins a little paler; basal sternites obscure yellow;
ventral lobes of hypopygium pale brown.
Hub. New :Britain.
Holotype, c~, Rabaul, May 29, 1922 ( G. F. Hill).
Paratopolypes, 3 ~ 's.
Type in the collection of the author.

Libnotes solomonis, sp. n.
Belongs to the strigivena group ; general coloration yellow;
antennal flagellum pale; pleura yellow, narrowly lineate
with dark brown ; apex of fore femora and bases of all tibim
blackened; wings yellowish, the veins sparsely variegatedwith darker but not spotted and dotted as in L. strigivena
and allies.
Male.--Length 12-13"5 ram. ; wing 14-17 mm.
Rostrum and palpi dark brown. Antennae with the scapedark brown, the flagellum conspicuously brownish yellow.
Head greyish brown ; vertex between eyes very narrow.
Pronotum obscure yellow. Mesonotal praescutum withthe disk brownish grey, the broad sublateral margins fulvous~ the extreme edge black; the sublateral margins are
separated from the disk by an indistinct brownish border ;posterior half of the usual median stripe darker grey, margined on either side by a conspicuous, arcuated, brown line,
the entire mark appearing oval; scutum whitish grey
medially, the lobes obscure yellow~ each with a brown dash
in its centre; ,cutellum obscure yellow; mediotergitc of
postnotum infuscated medially, obscure yellow laterally.
Pleura yellow, whitish pollinose, narrowly longitudinally
vittate with dark brown ; the more dorsal e~tending fromthe cervicat sclerites above the fore coxae to beneath theorigin of the halteres ; the ventral stripe includes the lower
margin of the sternopleura ; a third stripe lies along thesuture between the mediotergite and pleurotergite of the postnotum, extending backwards on to the abdomen. Halteresyellow, the middle portion of the knobs dark brown. Legs
with the cox~e yellow, the fore cox~e infuscated ; trochanters
yellow ; femora obscure yellow, the tips broadly blackened,most conspicuous on the fore femora, on the posterior
femora replaced by a subterminal brown annulus; tibial
bases conspicuously blackened, on the fore legs about onehalf as extensive as tim femoral apex; apices of tibim
darkened ; tarsi light brown~ the three terminal segments
black. Wings tinged with yellow, the costal region brighter ;40

Dr. C. P. Alexander on

stigma yellow, the outer end (tip of Ri) with a small brown
cloud, the proximal end (See) with a large and conspicuous
dark brown area ; cord anti outer end of cell 1st M~ seamedwith brown; brow,i clouds at ends of veins Cul, Cue,
1st zt, 2ndA, and the anal an.~le ; veins pale, black in theinfuscated areas ; Rs interrupted by pale beyond mid-length.
Venation : r beyond the tip of R~ strongly arcuated ; innerend of cell 2nd ~I~ lying far pr()ximad of cell M3; basal
deflection of Cul about one and one-half times its length
beyoml the fork of M.
Abdominal tergites reddish brown, trivittate with black,the dorsal stripe interrupted at posterior margin of eachsegment ; hypopygium pale.
Hab. Solomon Islands.
Holotyp, ~, ~, Guadacanar Island, January 17-18, 1921

(J. A. Kusc]~e).
Paratopol!lpe, c~.
Type in the collection of the Bishop Museum, Honolu'u.

Libnotes greenwoodl, sp. n,
Belongs to the strigivena group; mesonotal praescutum
brown with a W-shaped transverse yellow hand near midlength; pleura with a longitudinal dark brown stripe;
femora with subterminal black and yellow rings; wings
subhyaline, heavily variegated along the veins with dark andpaler brown; r at tip of RI; inner end of cell 2nd M~
far proximad of cell My
Male.--Length 13-14~ mm. ; wing 18-19 ram.
Female.--Length about 15 ram. ; wing 15"5 mm.
ttostrum and palpi dark brown. Antennae dark brown.
ttead yellowish brown, the narrow portion of the vertex
between the eyes fulvous
Pronotum pale brownish yellow, the cephalic portion alittle infuscated laterally. Mesonotal praescutum brownwith an irregular W-shaped yellowish cross-band near midlength ; scutum obscure yellow, each lobe with a dark brown
centre ; scutellum light brown ; postnotum with the mediotergite obscure yellow, with the lateral and cephalic margins
infuscated; pleurotergites largely infuscated. Pleura obscureyellow with a conspicuous dark brown longitudinal stripe extending from the postnotal pleurotergite to the propleura,
including the basal half of the outer face of the fore coxae.
Halteres yellow, the knobs dark brown. Legs with the fore
coxae as described above; middle and hind coxae yellow
with a conspicuous black spot near mid-length ; femora pale

new or little-known Tipulidee.

41

brown, gradually darkening outwardly, with a moderately
narrow, dark brown subterminal ring preceded by a slightly
wider yellow annulus ; extreme apex greenish yellow, thisapproximately one-half as wide as the brown subterminal
ring ; tibim dark brown, the extreme base and apex black ;tarsi black. Wings greyish subhyaline, very extensively
spotted and clouded with dark and pale brown along theveins, the clouded areas more extensive than the clear ones ;veins greenish yellow and brown, alternated. Venation:
tip of R 1 shorter than r ; outer deflection of M3 lying far
distad, so cell 2nd M~ is from one-third to one-half longer
than cell M s ; basal deflection of Cux about two-thirds aslong as the basal deflection of Ma+4.
Abdominal tergites obscure yellow, indistinctly trivittate
with dark brown, the median stripe becoming obliterated
near mid-length ot~ the organ; sternites and hypopygium
yellow. In the female, the median tergal stripe is obliterated.
Hab. Fiji.
Holotype, c~, Mountains, Lafitoka, January 5, 1921
( 147. Greenwood).
Allotopotype, ?.
Paratopotypes, c~ 's.
Type in the collection of the British Museum (Natural
History).
This interesting species is named in honour of the collector, Mr. W. Greenwood.
" Bred from fruits of Eugenia malaccensis (Myrtacem);
egg to emergence not less than 17 days."

Libnotes manni, sp. n.
Belongs to the samo¢nsis group ; general coloration brownand yellow; sexes strongly dimorphie, especially as regards
the wings; mesonotal pra~seutum with three conspicuous
brown stripes; femora pale brown, the tips eonspieuously
and abruptly light yellow ; in the male, Rs short, in alignment with the remaining elements of the cord, r about threetimes its length beyond the supernumerary cross-vein in cell
Sel; fork of M very wide; caudal margins of segments
broadly obscure yellow.
Male.--Length 9 ram. ; wing 11 ram.
_Female.--Length 7 mm. ; wing 8"4 mm.
Rostrum and palpi dark brown. Antennm with the seapal
segments pale brown, the flagellum brownish black. Headwith the anterior part of the vertex reduced to a narrow

42

Dr. C. P. Alexander onsilvery strip; remainder of vertex darker grey with a conspieuous dark brown median stripe; lateral regions andgenre similarly darkened.
Pro~lotum obscure brown, dark brown medially. Mesonotal prmseutum yellow with a very conspicuous dark brown
median stripe and slightly less intense lateral stripes, themedian stripe feebly constricted near mid-length of tilesclerite ; seutum pale, the lobes almost entirely dark brown;
scutellum and postnotum yellowish testaeeous, darker posteriorly. Pleura testaceous, the propleura and adjoining
parts of mesepisternum infuscated. Halteres pale~ the knobs
brown. Legs with the fore cox~e infuscated, the remaining
coxm and the trochanters yellow; femora pale brown, thetips conspicuously and abruptly light yellow; tibim pale
brown ; tarsi darker brown. Wings faintly tinged withbrown, the costal region brighter; in the ~ the bases ofcells C and Sc are infuseated ; stigma conspicuous, oval,
brown ; brown clouds beyond the cord in cells Scl and 1st R1
extending almost to the stigma; a narrow infuscation along
the cord; in the ? the only infuscatiou is the small oval
stigma. Venation : in the g , Sc ends just beyond the baseof Rs, Sc~ not far from its tips; a supernumerary cross-veinin cell Sc~ at the proximal end of the stigma ; extreme tip of
R1 atrophied; r about three times its length beyond thesupernumerary cross-vein in cell Scl; Rs short, subequal
to the basal section of M1+2 and in alignment with theremaining elements of the cord; radial veins deflected
strongly caudad in both sexes, but more strongly so in themale ; m longer and more arcuated than the outer deflectionof M s. In the ? , Sc is long, extending far beyond theorigin of Rs, SCl and Sc~ both being beyond the fork of Rs ;r only its length beyond the supernumerary cross-vein ineell Scl; Rs more than twice the basal deflection of MI+~and in alignment with the base of R4+~, but not the otherelements of the cord ; basal deflection of CUl at two-fifths
the length of cell 1st Me.
Abdomen brown, the segments conspicuously margined
caudally with obscure yellow ; hypopygium obscure yellow.
Ovipositor with the tergal valves slender; sternal valves
blackened at base.
Hab. Solomon Islands.
Hololype, ~ ~Florida, Tulagi ( W. M. Mann).
~lllotopotype, ~.
Type in the collection of the Museum of Comparative
Zoology.

new or llttle-le,own Tip,lid~.

43This species is related to L. samo~'nsis, Alexander (Samoa),
and L. sub~equalis, Alexander (North Queensland). It is
named in honour of the collector, Dr. W. M. Mann.

Gonomyia (LipopMeps) digitifera, sp. n.
General coloration grey and yellow; femora yellow withtwo brown annuli; wings greyish subhyaline, sparsely
spotted with brown ; Sc short, cell 1st M~ closed ; basistyles
of male hypopygium with a slender finger-like lobe on mesal
face.
Male.--Length about 3"8 mm. ; wing 3"3 mm.
Female.--Length 4.-4"5 ram. ; wing 3"5-4"3 ram.
Rostrum and palpi dark brown. Antennm dark brown,
the second scapal segment obscure yellow. Head obscureyellow, the vertex dark medially.
Pronotum whitish. Mesonotal prmscutum pale brownwith three confluent dark grey stripes; tuberculate pits
black; pseudo-sutural fovem pale reddish brown; seutal
lobes grey; seuteilum yellow with a small median brownspot ; mediotergite of postnotum yellow, darker posteriorly.
Pleura dark brown with a narrow longitudinal yellow stri!~e,sparsely pruinose, extending from the fore eoxm to beneaththe halteres; dorso-pleural region indistinctly pale. Halteres yellow, the knobs brown. Legs with the eoxe andtroehanters yellow; femora yellow with a narrow brown
ring immediately beyond mid-length and a broad, conspicuous, brown annulus immediately before the apex, theyellow ring enclosed being a little more extensive than thebrown subapical annulus; tibize brownish yellow, the tips
narrowly blackened; tarsi dark brown, passing into black.
Wings greyish subhyaline : Stigma oval, pale brown ; small
dark brown spots at arculus, tip of Sc, ~md tip of vein R2+3 ;less distinct brown seams along the cord and outer end ofcell 1st M~ ; veins pale brown, a little darker in the infuscated areas. Venation: Sc short, Scl ending immediately
beyond tlae origin of Rs, Sc~ at the extreme tip of Sci;
Rs long, approximately equal to R~+3 ; cell 1st M2 closed ;basal deflection of Cu1 about one-third its length before
the fork of M.
Abdomen dark brown, the segments with conspicuous
pale caudal margins~ the genital segment in the female more
reddish. ~1ale hypopygium with the basistyles comparatively short and stout, on the mesal face with a sle~tderfinger-like lobe directed caudad; two dististyles, the outermost shorter, cylindrical, the apex strongly curved, blackened,4~

Dr. C. P. Alexander on

acutely pointed, with a few setae before the tip ; inner stylelonger, gently angulated before apex, the mesal face nearbase with a densely setiferous fleshy lobe. Gonapophyses
appearing as a flattened plate, the caudal margin bifid, eachangle produced into an acute blackened point. Beneath thisplate project caudad two slender pale filaments.
Hub. Fiji.
tlolotype, ?, Lafitoka, March 26, I920 (H/-. Greenwood).
Allotopotype, a badly broken ~ , April 2, 1920 (R. Veitch).
Paratopotypes, ?, with the type.
Type in the collection of the British Museum (Natural
History).

Trentepohlia (Mongoma) brevicellula, sp. n.
Size small (wing under 6 mm.) ; general coloration uniformly dark brown ; legs uuicolorous brown ; wings tinged
with brown ; cell 1st M: short and broad.
~Vlale.--Length 5"5 ram. ; wing 5"8 ram.
Female.--Length 6 ram. ; wing 5"7 ram.
Rostrum and palpi brown. Antennae dark brown. Headdark brown.
Mesonotum brown, very slightly paler laterally. Pleura
pale brownish yellow. Halteres pale brown, the base of thestem a little brighter. Legs with the coxm and trochanters
yellowish testaceous ; remainder of the legs uniformly brown,
the tarsal segments beyond the metatarsi broken. Wings
strongly tinged with brown, cell U, Sc, and the stigma darker
brown ; veins dark brown. Yenation : r variable in position,at or before the ibrk of R,+a, in some cases the distanceabout one-half its length; cell 1st M2 unusually short andbroad for a member of this group, widened distally; m usuallyequal to or a little shorter than the other elements closing
cell 1st M: ; distal fusion of Cu~ and 1st .4 subequal to m.
Abdomen uniformly brown.
Hab. Fiji.
Holotype, ~ , Loloti, December 19, 1920 (/4r. Greenwood).
Allotopotype, ?.
Paratopotype, 2 c~'s.

Type in the collection of the British Museum (Natural
History).

~piphragma hebridensis, sp. n.
General coloration dark brown, grey pruinose; centre of
disk of mesonotal pr~escutum dearer grey; wings whitish
subhyaline, with an irregular ocelliform brown pattern;
abdomen brownish yellow, trivittate with dark brown.

new or llttle-known Tipulid~e.

45

Female.--Length about 10 mm. ; wing 9"6 mm.
Rostrum, and palpi brown. AntennEe lacking. Headlight brown with a darker brown median stripe extending
fi'om the vertex to the oeeiput.
The thorax is rubbed and can be described in generalterms only. The pr~eseutum has the disk largely dark grey,
the lateral margins dark brown; the region anterior totile pseudosutural fovem brighter brown ; postnotum grey,
the mediotergite narrowly darker laterally, pleurotergites
greyish brown. Pleura dark brown, grey pruinose~ leaving anarrow, longitudinal~ brown stripe extending from the cervical selerites above the fore coxm to the postnotum. Halteres with the base of tlle stem yellowish, the remainder
broken. Legs ~ith the coxm and troehanters yellow, thefore eoxm weakly infuseated ; remainder of the legs broken.
Wings whitish subhyaline with an irregular oeelliform brownpattern ; stigmal region yellowish ; the brown areas are distributed as follows :--Two large brown circles occupy thebasal third of the wing between veins C and Cu, tile firstwith the base of cell R as a centre, the second with the originof Rs as a centre, the two circles being confluent ; a narrowseam along the supernumerary cross-vein; very irregularand narrow circles occupy the region of the cord and beyond,including one with its centre at the fork of MI+~ ; wingapex in cells Ra, Rs, and Ml darkened; small brown clouds
at ends of veins Ms and Cul ; conspicuous solid brown clouds
in the outer ends of cells Cut, Cu, and 1st A, at end of vein
2nd A and at mid-length of cell 2rid A ; veins darker brown.
Venation : cell M~ much shorter thau its petiole ; basal deflection of CUl at about two-fifths the length of cell 1st M~ ;one wing of the type has an adventitious cross-vein in cellR5 beyond the level of m.
Abdominal tergites brownish yellow, narrowly trivittate
with dark brown; steruites brighter yellow, the lateral
stripes even more conspicuous but the median stripe broken
into pale brown spots near the base of the segments. Ovipositor with the tergal valve8 long, slender, curved ; sternalvalves very short but high.
Hab. New Hebrides.
Holotype, ~, Port Sandwich, Ile Mallicolo, 1902 (Dr. Joly).
Type in the collection of the Paris Museum.
Ctenacroscelis lepidus, sp. n.
General coloration yellowish brown, the pleura variegatedwith darker ; wings tinged with yellow, the cubital and anal

~6

Dr. C. P. Alexander on

eclls clouded with brown in their outer ends ; lateral lobesof ninth tergite of male hypopygium obliquely truncated,
the lateral angles subacute.
Male.--Length about 22 mm. ; wing 23 mm.
Female.--Length about 25 mm. ; wing 23"8 ram.
Frol:tal prolongation of the head long, yellow, £he ventrolateral portions dark brown; palpi brown, the terminal
segme;~ts dark brown. Antennm reddish fulvous. Headobscure fulvous, indistinctly darker behind.
Pronotum brown, darker brown laterally. ]VIesonotal
prmscutum olive-brown, indistinctly marmorate with darker,
with three dark brown stripes, these narrowl~ margined withpale greenish, the median stripe paler anteriorly; scutum
olive, each lobe with two separate dark brown marks, the antetier one smaller ; postuotum olive, the caudal margin of themediotergite dark brown. In the female, the markit~gs ou
the pr~escutum and scutum are barely i~Ldicated. Pleura lightyellow, the propleura, a blotch on the mesepisternum, andthe ventro-lateral portions of the sternopleura dark brown ;a ~ilvery-yellow area on the pleurotergite of the postnotum
immediately ccphalad of the halteres. Halteres brown~ thebase of the stems and the knobs yellow. Legs with the tore
coxm largely suffused with brown in the male, the othercoxm brownish olive; trochanters brown; femora brown,
the tips a little darkened ; tibim and tarsi dark brown, thebases of the tibiae very narrowly pale. Wings tinged withyellow, tim bases and cells C and Sc more saturated ; cells
Ca, 1st A, and 2nd A yellowish subhyaline, handsomely
variegated with irregular brown clouds in the outer ends ofthe cells ; stigma pale brown ; basal deflection of Cul conspicuously seamed with brown; a narrow but conspicuous
obliterative area before the cord ; veins brown, narrowly ~titdvery indistinctly seamed with pale brown. Venation: /~ssinuous ; petiole of cell M 1 longer than m ; fusion of M~
and Cul moderately extensive.
Abdomen yellowish brown, the tergites with an indistinct
median stripe, the lateral margins of the segments narrowly
yellow. Male hypopygium with the lobes of the tergite
obliquely truncated, the lateral angles subacute; mediannotch comparatively broad, subshiny, extending on to thedorso-median area of tim tergite as a linear groove. Ninthsterno-pleurite not conspicuously produced ; outer dististyle
relatively long and narrow, only slightly dilated near midlength.
Hub. Fiji.

new or llitle-known Tipulldee.

47

Holotype, (~, Loloti, December 19, 1920 (/4z. Greenwood).
Allotopotype, ?.
Type in the collection of the British Museum (Natural
History).
Ctenacroscelis walkerianus, sp. n.
General coloration pale brownisb yellow, the prmscutumwith darker stripes; legs unicolorous reddish yellow ; wings
tinged with greyish yellow, not conspicuously w~riegated ;lateral lobes of ninth tergite of male hypopygium truncate.
Male.--Length about 16 mm. ; wing 19 mm.
Frontal prolongation of the head obscure brownish yellow;
palpi concolorous, the terminal segment passing into black.
Autennm obscure yellow throughout, the intermediate
flagellar segments a little produced on tile ventral face~ thesegments with a very few short black set~e. Head obscureyellow, the vertical tubercle low but conspicuous.
Pronotum pale brown~ variegated with darker brown on
the sides. Mesonotal prmscutum pale brownish yellow, witha greenish cast, tile two intermediate prmscutal stripes darkbrown, only narrowly separated from one another; lateral
stripes slightly less distinct ; scutal lobes brownish yellow,
each with two dark brown areas ; scutellum brownish yellow,
the lateral sclerites darker ; postnotum concolorous with thescutellum, the caudal margin narrowly but conspicuously
dark brown.
Pleura brownish yellow, variegated withdarker brown, especially on the anterior part of the mesepisternum and around the wing-root ; sternopleura darkbrown ventrally except on the narrow median area. Halteres
pale brown, the extreme base of the stem pale, the knobs
obscure yellow. Legs with the fore cox~e a little infuscatedon the outer face, the other coxm yellow ; remainder of thelegs uniform reddish yellow. Wings with a strong greyishyellow tinge, more saturated at the base and in cells C and
8e ; stigma very pale brown ; pale brown seams along thebasal deflection of Cut and at the tip of vein 2nd A ; a narrow transverse obliterative area before the stigma, crossing
cell 1st Mg into the base of cell M s ; veins pale brown.
Venation : R , moderately areuated ; ceil 1st M~ comparatively long and narrow ; petiole of cell M1 longer than m ;fusion of Ma and CUt a little shorter than m.
Abdominal tergites obscure fulvous brown with a very
narrow, dark brown median line ; sternites concolorous, thebases of sternites 7 and 8 darker. Male l~ypopygium with

Dr. C. P. Alexander on48

the lateral lobes of the ninth tergite shiny, rectangular,
the mesal angles broadly rounded, the apices truncate, themedian notch narrow, at its base with a small conical spine.
Ninth sterno-pleurite not conspicuously produced; outerdististyle very large and flattened, obliquely truncated atapex, the caudal margin with two rows of short yellow setze.
Hab. Fiji.
Holotype, ~, Mount Evans~ Lafitoka, April 4, 1920

(14/. Greenwood).
Type in the eolleetion of the British Museum (Natural
tlistory).
This speeies is dedicated to the memory of Franeis Walker.

Nephrotoma solomonis, sp. n.
General coloration orange-yellow; occipital brand lacking;mesonotal prmscutum with three brownish-black stripes,
the median 8tripe more or less obliterated at its anterior
end; wings with cells C and Sc yellow ; abdominal tergites
1 to 7 with the caudal margins narrowly and evenly
blackened.
Male.--Length about 12 mm. ; wing 13 mm.
Female.--Length about 14 ram. ; wing 13-18"5 mm.
Frontal prolongation of head yellow; palpi pale yellowish
brown, tile terminal segments darker. Antennae relatively
short, the seape orange ; basal segment of flagellum usually
pale ; flagellar segments feebly bieolorous, the ground-eolour
light yellowish brown, passing into darker brown on theintermediate segments, the small basal swelling of the segments black. Head orange ; no apparent occipital brand.
Pronotum orange. Mesonotal prmscutum orange, moreyellowish laterally; three brownish-black stripes, the medianstripe more or lass obliterated on its anterior third, its
position faintly indicated by delicate reticulate lines ; lateral
stripes straight, but the outeurved ends faintly indicated insome specimens; scutum yellow, each lobe with two confluent brown spots, the anterior one smaller; a brown spot
above each wing-root ; scutellum yellow, faintly infuscatedposteriorly ; postnotum pale whitish yellow with two contiguous, circular, brown spots at posterior margin. Pleura
yellow, very faintly variegated with darker, ttalteres dark,
the apex of each knob light yellow. Legs with the coxm
and trochanters yellow; femora brownish yellow; tibiae
obscure yellow, the tips very faintly darkened ; tarsi dark

new or little-known Tipulid~e.

49

brown. Wings strongly tinged with yellow, cells C and Sc
brighter; stigma small, pale brown; wing-tip !ndistinetly
darkened; anal angle faintly darkened; veins brown.
Venation: Rs nearly straight, subequal to the deflectionof R4+a; m-cu close to or, usually, just beyond the forkof M.
Abdominal tergites orange-yellow, the caudal margins ofsegments 1 to 7 narrowly and evenly blackened ; segments 8
and 9 dark brown, the styli of the male hypopygium obscureyellow; sternites yellow. In the female, a tralJsverse blackring near mid-length of tergite 2 (faintly indicated ill somemale specimens) and the caudal margilJs of segments 2 to 7
broader, the extreme basal lateral angles slightly infuscated ;apices of sternites 2 and 3 very narrowly dark brown.
Hab. Solomon Islands.
Holotype, (~, Florid% Tulagi (W. M. Mann).
Allotopotype, ?.
Paratopolypes, 6 ~ ? 's.
Type in the collection of the Museum of Comparative
Zoology.

Nephrotoma opima, sp. n.
Female.--Length 14~ mm. ; wing 12"5 mm.
Generally similar to N. solomonis, sp. n., differing asfollows :-1)r~escutal sfripes entire, the broad median stripe feebly
notched at both ends ; lateral stripes outcurved, the anterior
lateral extensions paler than the stripes themselves; scutellum
orange. Wings somewhat darker~ the subcostal cell conspicuously dark brown. Abdomen with tergites 1 to 5orange-yellow, tergites 2 to 5 with broad, velvety-black,caudal rings; segments 3 to 5 with almost equally broad
latero-basal triangles; tergite 2 with an oval brownishblack spot on either side of basal ring; sternites 1 to 5
yellow~ the caudal margins very narrowly blackened,broadest on sternite 5 ; segments 6 to 8 inclusive entirely
black. Ovipositor with the tergal valves horn-coloured, thesternal valves black at base and before the apices.
I-lab. Solomon Islands.
Holotype, ~ , San Cristoval, Pamu (W. M. Mann).
Type in the collection of the Museum of Comparative
Zoology.
Ann. &Mag. 5?. Hist. Ser. 9. Vol. xiii.

4