[Reprinted from Insecutor Inscitie Menctruus, Vol. IX, Nos. 7-9, 1921]

A NEW SPECTES OF TTPULA TNJURIOUS TOPASTURE LANDS(Tipulide, Diptera)
Bv CHARLES P. ALEXANDER
The following undescribed species of crane-fly was kindly
sent to me for determination by Messrs. Packard and Thompson. The species, together with several additional membersof the genus, is recorded as doing material injury to the interior pasture lands of California.
Tipula graminivora, new species.
Small species (male not over 10 mm. in length) ; males fullwinged, females with the wings semi-atrophied; general coloration gray, the mesonotal praescutum with four dark brown
stripes; wings of male yellowish subhyaline, clouded withgrayish brown; ninth tergite of the male hypopygium with avery broad, V-shaped median notch; tergal valves of ovipositor flattened, terminating in a curved hook.
MoJe.-I.srLgth, 8.5-9.3 mm.; wing, 9-9.5 mm.
Feruale.-Length, 12.5-L4 mm.; wing, 3.1-3.3 mm.
Male. Frontal prolongation of head gray; nasus stout;
palpi brown, the basal segment pruinose. Antenne'short, darkbrown throughout, the flagellar segments short-cylindrical,
feebly constricted near midlength. Head gray; a row ofsete on vertex parallel with inner margin of eye.
Mesonotal praescutum light brown with four dark brown
stripes, the intermediate pair separated by a narrow medianline of the ground-color, the lateral stripes with paler centers;
scutum gray, the lobes darker gray; rernainder of mesonotum
gray, a capillary, dark brown, median line extending fromscutum to base of abdomen; scutellum and postnotum with
scattered black seta. Pleura gray. Halteres brown, the knobs
darker. Legs with the coxa gray; trochanters dark brown;
remainder of the legs dark brown, the femoral bases broadly
obscure yellow, narrowest on fore legs, broadest on the posterior legs where only the broad tips are infuscated. Wings
yellowish subhyaline, handsomely clouded with grayish brown;

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M ENSTR U U S

stigma grayish brown; small brown clouds at the origin of
the sector and along the cord; conspicuous clouds in cell Rt
cell Mn except theexcept the base, cells M. and znd M",
base; conspicuous clouds in the center of cells Ca, ends ofthe anal cells, base and tip of cell Cu and two conspicuousareas in cell M, one near midlength, the second, larger, in theouter end of the cell; a conspicuous obliterative streak before
the cord, extending from cell rsf /i, across the basal third ofcell rsf M, into the base of cell Mn; veins dark brown.
cell
Venation: Tip of R, about one-half longer than Rrf.;
rst M, elongate, the sides parallel; petiole of cell Mt a littlelonger than m; rn-cu at about one-third the length of cellr s t M 2.
Abdominal tergites brown, the lateral margins broadly andconspicuously buffy gray; sternites similar but sparsely
pruinose, the caudal margins of the sternites and the subterminal tergites very narrowly reddish yellow. Male hypopygium simple, the sclerites covered with pale, appressed, silken
hairs. Ninth tergite flattened, the caudal margin with a verybroad and shallow V-shaped notch, the edges narrowly blackened. Ninth sterno-pleurite projecting slightly caudad, profoundly but narrowly split medially, the cephalic-median area
membranaceous; outer pleural appendage small, cylindrical.
Eighth sternite practically unarmed, the dorsal caudal margin
with a small area of black bristles on either side of the medianline.
Female. Generally similar to the male, differing as follows:
Antenne much shorter. Legs shorter and stouter. Wings
reduced to pads that extend about to the end of the second
abdominal segment; wings infuscated with somewhat paler
bases; venation considerably distorted but showing approximately the same arrangement as in male; macrotrichia along
the costal margin; a dense series of from 55 to 60 along R,'
about 9 along R.fo; about 4 on the basal portion of. M ; aseries of about 9 powerful spinous seta on the basal sectionof Cu before the arculus. Abdomen rather elongate, thetergites mostly highly polished, dark chestnut brown, theTN S E C U TOR IN S C ITI4

ME N S TR U U S13?

caudal margins of the subterminal segments obscure yellow;
shield of the ovipositor black, very long, subcylindrical toslightly compressed,carinate dorso-medially. Ovipositor with
only the tergal valves functional, these appearing as flattened,chitinized, rectangular blades, the margins smooth, the caudalproximal angle produced caudad and laterad into a powerfulspine.
Habitat.-Calif ornia.
Holotype, male, Slmira, April 7,I9ZL (B. G. Thompson);Sac. No. 2185.
Allotype, female, Galt, March 29, 792t (B. G. Thompson);Sac. No. 2164.
Paratopotypes,5 males, April ? and 12, 1921 (Nos. 2186,2187, 27703,21105,and 21106).
Paratypes, 1 male, Dixon, March 3I, 792L, No. 2176;
2 males, 3 females, April 12, 1921 (Nos. 2I70L, 27\02, and21100, 2198, 2199) ; Fr anklin, Apr il 1, 1921 ( No. 2l- 78) ;Gal t, Apr il 1, 1921 ( No. 21??) .
Type in the collection of the National Museum.
Tipula grarninivora is allied to T. quaylii Doane, T. bitubercwlata Doane, T. cahui.lla Alexander and others, especiallyto T. qwayli.i,but is a remarkably distinct species.