Manual FXO series
CoaXPress
fxo540, fxo541, fxo542, fxo545, fxo546, fxo547, fxo990

Content
1

Company information

5

1.1

Standards

5

1.2

Disclaimer

5

1.3

Copyright notice62Legal information

7

2.1

USA and Canada

7

2.2

Europe7

3

The FXO

8

3.1

CoaXPress-12 features (CoaXPress 2.0)8

3.2

4I/O adds light and functionality

8

3.3
3.3.1
3.3.2

Lens control
Use of Canon lenses

10
10
11

4

Getting started

12

4.1

Get help

12

4.2

Find camera specs

12

4.3
4.3.1
4.3.2

Power supply
Connect the camera

12
12
12

4.4

Camera status LED codes

13

4.5
4.5.1
4.5.2
4.5.3

Software and firmware

Software development kit

14
14
14
19

5

Connectors

20

5.1

CoaXPress-12

20

5.2

Hirose I/O connector

21

Use liquid lens on C-mountPower safety

Software for CoaXPress
SVCapture 2.x26Feature description

22

6.1
6.1.1
6.1.2
6.1.3
6.1.4
6.1.5
6.1.6
6.1.7
6.1.8
6.1.9
6.1.106.1.11
6.1.12
6.1.136.1.146.1.156.1.16

Basic features

22
23
23
24
25
25
27
28
30
31
34
39
39
40
41
41
44

6.2
6.2.1
6.2.2
6.2.3
6.2.4
6.2.5
6.2.6
6.2.7
6.2.8
6.2.9
6.2.106.2.11
6.2.12

Camera features

6.3
6.3.1
6.3.2
6.3.3
6.3.4
6.3.5
6.3.6
6.3.7
6.3.8
6.3.9
6.3.106.3.11I/O Features

Gain
Resolution
OffsetColor
Flip image
Binning
Decimation
GenICam
Trigger modes
Shutter modes
Exposure
Exposure speed
Auto exposure
Acquisition and processing time
Bit depth
ROI / AOI

Glass filter
Shading correction
Defect pixel correction
Look-up table
ROI / AOI
Basic capture modes
Read-out control
Temperature sensor
Fan control
System clock frequency
Predefined configurations (user sets)
Particle Image Velocimetry

GenICamAssigning I/O Lines – IOMUX
PWM
LED strobe control
Sequencer
Optical input
PLC / Logical operation on inputs
Serial data interfaces
Trigger-edge sensitivity
Debouncing trigger signals
Prescale

44
44
44
48
53
55
56
57
58
58
59
59
60
62
62
63
69
73
75
80
80
82
83
84
86

3

7

Dimensions

87

7.1

C-mount87

7.2

fxo540, fxo541, fxo542, fxo545, fxo546, fxo547

88

7.3

fxo990

91

8

Appendix

94

8.1

I/O driver circuit schematics

94

8.2

IP protection classes

95

4

1

Company information
SVS-VISTEK GmbH
Mühlbachstr. 20
82229 Seefeld
Germany
Tel.: +49 (0) 81 52 9985-0
Fax: +49 (0) 81 52 9985-79
Mail: info@svs-vistek.com
Web: https://www.svs-vistek.com

1.1

Standards
This manual is based on the following standards:

1.2

l

DIN EN 62079

l

DIN EN ISO 12100l

ISO Guide 37l

DIN ISO 3864-2

l

DIN ISO 3864-4

l

DIN ISO 16016:2002-5

Disclaimer
This manual contains important instructions for safe and efficient handling of
SVCam cameras (hereinafter referred to as „camera“). This manual is part ofthe camera and must be kept accessible in the immediate vicinity of the camera
for any person working on or with this camera.
Read carefully and make sure you understand this manual prior to starting any
work with this camera. The basic prerequisite for safe work is compliant with all
specified safety and handling instructions.
Accident prevention guidelines and general safety regulations should beapplied.
Illustrations in this manual are provided for basic understanding and can varyfrom the actual model of this camera. No claims can be derived from the illustrations in this manual.
The camera in your possession has been produced with great care and has
been thoroughly tested. Nonetheless, in case of any complaint, please contact
your local SVS-VISTEK distributor. You will find a list of distributors in your area
on www.svs-vistek.com

1 Company information

5

1.3

Copyright notice
Forwarding and duplicating of this document, as well as using or revealing its
contents are prohibited without written approval. All rights reserved with regard
to patent claims or submission of design or utility patent.

1 Company information

6

2

Legal information
Errors and omissions excepted.
These products are designed for industrial applications only. Cameras from
SVS-Vistek are not designed for life support systems where malfunction of the
products might result in any risk of personal harm or injury. Customers, integrators and end users of SVS-Vistek products might sell these products andagree to do so at their own risk, as SVS-Vistek will not take any liability for any
damage from improper use or sale.

2.1

USA and CanadaThis device complies with part 15 of the FCC Rules. Operation is subject to thefollowing conditions: (1) This device may not cause harmful interference, and(2) this device must accept any interference received, including interference
that may cause undesired operation.

NOTICE

This equipment is compliant with Class A of CISPR 32. In a residential
environment this equipment may cause radio interference.
This equipment has been tested and found to comply with the limits for a ClassA digital device, pursuant to part 15 of the FCC rules.
It is necessary to use a shielded power supply cable. You can then use the“shield contact” on the connector which has GND contact to the camera housing. This is essential for any use. If not done and camera is destroyed due toRadio Magnetic Interference (RMI) WARRANTY is void!
l

l

2.2

Power: US/UK and European line adapter can be delivered. Otherwise use
filtered and stabilized DC power supply.
Shock & vibration resistance is tested. For detailed specifications refer tothe section on specifications ("Specifications").

EuropeThis camera is CE tested, rules of EN 55022:2010+AC2011 and EN61000-62:2005 apply.
The product is in compliance with the requirements of the following European
directives:ll

2014/30/EU Electromagnetic compatibility (EMC)
2011/65/EU Restriction of the use of certain hazardous substances in electrical and electronic equipment (RoHS)

All SVS-VISTEK cameras comply with the recommendation of the European
Union concerning RoHS Rules.

2 Legal information

7

3

The FXOThe FXO is a camera series designed for high-end machine vision with a Cmount connection. Only Sony image sensors with excellent optical performanceand high bandwidth are used in the FXO. Advanced electronic circuitry, an
excellent temperature management and low power dissipation make the basis
for optimal performance of even the most demanding image sensors. Equippedwith the fastest interfaces from the world of image processing, the FXO allows
the high bandwidths of modern image sensors to be transferred into the application.
The CoaXPress-12 interface is suitable for applications with extremely stabledata rates and high requirements on trigger latency.

3.1

CoaXPress-12 features (CoaXPress 2.0)
CoaXPress-12 (CXP) is the latest development regarding high speed highvolume data transfer for imaging. The interface needs a frame grabber. The
CoaXPress standard is very precise and is incorporating a lot of features like
power-over-CoaXPress (PoCXP) already in the standard definition.
Main advantages of CXP-12 are

3.2l

12.5 Gbit/s tranfer rate per linelLines can be teamedlProvides data and power on a single line (PoCXP)lVery thin and flexible 75 Ohm coaxial cablesl

25m data cable supportedlExtremely low latency timeslHigh uplink speed 41.6 Mbit/sl

Precise trigger over CXP (theoretical max. 300kHz)l

New, very robust DIN micro-BNC connector

4I/O adds light and functionality

Fig.: 3-1: Illustration of 4I/O concept of switching LEDs

3 The FXO

8

Your SVS-Vistek camera is equipped with the innovative 4I/O-interface allowing
full light control, replacing external strobe controllers. Each of the outputs canbe individually configured and managed using pulse width modulation. With its
high current output, the camera is able to drive LED lights directly without
external light controller.
The integrated sequencer allows multiple exposures with settings to be programmed, creating new and cost effective options. Logical functions like AND /OR are supported.

INFO

3 The FXOl

Up to 4 x open drain high power OUTl

Up to 4 x high voltage IN – TTL up to 25 VoltslPower MOSFET transistorsl

PWM strobe controllSequencer for various configurationsl

PLC fuctionality with AND, OR and timerslSafe Trigger (debouncer, prescaler, high low trigger)

Find an example how to operate light control in the section on sequencer("Sequencer" on page 75).

9

3.3

Lens control
Various SVCam models are supporting adjustable lenses. Focus and iris of thelens can be controlled from within the camera GenICam tree. A special Y-cablemight be required, contact sales@svs-vistek.com.

The following variable lens types are currently supported:
l

l

l

l

MFT lenses (in Tracer series) have full support of lens focus, iris and zoom.
Only available in Tracer models no options selectable in GenICam tree.
Birger mount
Ask sales@svs-vistek.com for information of usability and restrictions of
the Birger adapter.
Varioptic liquid lensControl of extremely fast focus cycles. Make sure sensor diameter iscovered by lens.
Canon EF lens
Focus and iris control is supported. Use high quality Canon lenses withmachine vision applications. The SVCam-EF adapter can be acquired from
SVS-Vistek.

INFO

Lens control (except MFT) will make use of the serial ports of the Hirose connector.

3.3.1

Use liquid lens on C-mountWe are supporting Varioptic liquid lenses. The liquid lens support does variablefocus only, zoom and aperture control are not existing with the Varioptic liquidlens. You need a special serial cable with Hirose for connecting the lens to thecamera, please ask your dealer. Being extremely fast and robust, the liquid lensis best choice as long as variable focus is sufficient in the application and you
do not need a full lens control with aperture control and zoom functionality. In
case of full lens control requirement, please refer to the TRACER series.
The lens is powered and controlled by the camera. The lens can be controlled
via SDK functions or more easily via GenICam property.
Liquid lenses do have some advantages and disadvantages compared to glass
optics:l

3 The FXO

Advantages of liquid lensesoExtremely robust to mechanical shock (best choice for fast moving
robotics) and accelerationoFast focus (often significantly faster than 10 ms under common conditions)

10

l

3.3.2

Disadvantages of liquid lensesoLimited resolutionoHigh chromatic aberrationo

Any acceleration (gravitational as well as acceleration from movement) might increase spherical aberration as long as the force is working (will disappear if force has ceased within several 10ms)

Use of Canon lenses
We are supporting Canon EF lenses. The SVCam-EF adapter gives you thepossibility to mount Canon EF lenses with full control of focus and iris. Canonlenses are well known for their optical excellence and combine perfectly to highresolution machine vision cameras.
This camera series does have the firmware support already included in the
GenICam tree and provides you with Canon lens control in all GenICam based
software packages.

3 The FXO

11

4

Getting started

4.1

Get help
In case of issues with the camera we are happy to help. For being able to help
you in a fast and efficient way, we ask you for a description of the issues using
camera in your support request.
You can put your support request to us via our support form:
https://www.svs-vistek.com/en/support/svs-support-request.php
Please fill the form with special attention to camera model, frame grabber modeland operating system. Our support team will come back to you.

4.2

Find camera specs
Our website does have all technical data of all our cameras online. Go tohttps://www.svs-vistek.com/en/industrial-cameras/svs-cameras.php for getting
technical data sheets.
Cameras can be found by searching with series and model name or by using
the SVCam camera finder. Having found the requested camera, the details/download section provides you with manuals, drawings, soft- and firmware foryour camera.

4.3

Power supply

4.3.1

Power safety
The camera does not have a power switch. The camera is powered on as soon
power is available to the camera. This might happen via the Hirose connector or(in case of USB or CoaXPress) through the interface cables.
For making sure the camera is not connected to powerlllDisconnect Hirose (or M12) plug from camera
If the camera interface is USB or CoaXPress, disconnect interface connector from the camera
Disconnect power plug from power AC wall outlet to disable the DC power
supply as well.

The power supply must be easily accessible at all times! For Power specs, referto the data sheet of your model.
Before connecting your camera to power, make sure your data cable is connected properly. Always connect data cable before power.
NOTICEThe camera does not support hotplugging

4.3.2

Connect the camera
The camera is powered on by connecting power to the camera.

4 Getting started

12

l

INFO

Connect the power supply with the Hirose connector.

When using your own power supply (voltage range 10 -25 V DC), see also
Hirose 12-pin layout of the power connector. For power input specifications
refer to specifications.
Generally external power supply for USB3 Vision, CoaXPress (if PoCXP
enabled) or PoE cameras is not needed. Nonetheless, you might want to use aseparate power on the Hirose connector to reduce load on the data port. The
external power on the Hirose connector is the preferred power source.
The power up is defined as follows:lllPower over USB3, CoaXPress port or GigE port (with PoE) or on the Hirose
connector will power on the camera.
If power is found on the Hirose connector, camera power supply will switch
to the Hirose connector.
If Hirose power supply is cut, camera power supply will switch back topower over USB3, PoE or power over CXP supply.

INFO

Camera power supply is not powering 4I/O LED lights.

4.4

Camera status LED codes
Latest SVCam CoaXPress cameras provides status information per CXP line. A
LED is located close to each CXP connector and will indicate the current status
for the appropriate CXP line. The LEDs will change color and rhythm.
The meaning of the CXP line blinking codes is depending whether PoCXP isused and translates as follows:

Fig.: 4-1: Camera status LED codes

4 Getting started

13

4.5

Software and firmware
Further information, documentations, release notes, latest software and application manuals can be downloaded in the download area on SVS-Vistek download area. Depending on the type of camera you bought, several software
packages apply.
If you are logged in, this is the location to find latest releases of firmware
upgrades of your camera model as well.

4.5.1

Software for CoaXPress
CoaXPress is a well defined standard protocol. As there is the need for a hardware grabber, the grabber manufacturer is providing software for CoaXPress
cameras. Please refer to the manufacturer of your CoaXPress grabber device.
The latest SVCapture (starting with version 2.5.4) is able to run CoaXPress cameras with Euresys CoaXPress interface cards and their GenTL drivers respectively. SVCapture providing a GenICam interface tree with its GenICam
properties. You might need your framegrabber’s manufacturer software for viewing images though.
Please read the SVCam Kit Quick Guide regarding install.

4.5.2

SVCapture 2.x
SVCapture is the recommended, GenICam-based software to operate SVCam
industrial cameras. Your SVCam combined software installer including:
l

l
l

l

SVCapture 2.x(a viewer/controller program for SVCam cameras)
PC USB3 driver & filter driver
GenTL_Drivers(GenICam drivers and transport layer DDLs for Camera Link, CoaXPress,
USB3, GigE / 10 GigE)
C/C# programming libs and interface

SVCapture 2.x is a GenICam/XML based software tool provided for free. It iscreated to show the capabilities of your SVS-Vistek camera and to show/modify
values to your cam.
Get control of exposure timing, trigger delay, image correction etc. or control up
to 4 LED lights connected to the SVCam directly via "GenICam" on page 62control. Use the built-in "Sequencer" on page 75to program several intervals
executed by a single trigger impulse.

4 Getting started

14

Fig.: 4-2: Screenshot of SVCapture 2.x: GenICam tree and current image

Setup of SVCapture2
Installation procedure may differ from PC to PC. It is recommended to install thewhole software package. For this step it is necessary to have root access toyour computer.
1. Copy or expand the installation executable file to your hard drive.
2. Start installation. Read and accept the terms of license agreement.

3. Choose destination folder and select necessary modules / drivers. The
TLxxx modules are the GenTL drivers, necessary as well if you want to use

4 Getting started

15

SVS-Vistek driver with third party software.

4. In case of system warnings regarding modification of USB3 drivers or
GigE/10GigE filter drivers: The specified performance is possible only withthese highly optimized drivers. Accept these modifications.

Initialization
First launch

1. Connect the camera to your computer. In case of a new USB3 camera
driver hardware installation notice will pop up.

4 Getting started

16

2. Start SVCapture. SVCapture will try to discover your camera.

3. Click on the camera being found and you’re connected.
Depending on your interface type, with TL Settings you are able to adjust whichinterface types should be included in the camera discover process.

INFO

4 Getting started

If you have installed third-party GenTL drivers (e.g. Euresys CoaXPress or
Camera Link drivers), they should be selectable as well. This works only if
third-party software has been installed before SVCapture.

174. Find and adjust your camera features in the GenICam tree. Click andadjust items by number (1.) or slider (2.) and start grabbing images fromthe camera.

USB 3.0 driver

You can find the USB 3.0 driver which has been installed automatically within
the hardware manager:

4 Getting started

18

4.5.3

Software development kit
The SDK is based on C programming language and is installed together with
SVCapture2. The SDK supports C and C++. For a typical installation, the libraries, header files, and examples are located in the directory:
C:\Program Files\SVS-VISTEK GmbH\SVCam Kit\SDK

INFO

Refer to the “Getting started with SDK” manual for first steps in programmingyour SVS-Vistek camera. This document should be included in the docs section of your installation.
The following platforms are supported:

4 Getting startedl

X86 (Windows, Linux, MacOS support on request)l

ARM (Nvidia Jetson TX1/TX2)

19

5

Connectors
Cameras from SVS-Vistek feature a combined I/O and power supply connector(Hirose) and a data connector.

5.1

CoaXPress-12
CoaXPress-12 (or CoaXPress 2.0) supports a bandwidth of up to 12.5 Gbit/s
per line. The connector is a µBNC connector, which is different to CoaXPress-6
connectors. Cable is 75 Ohm, RG187 recommended. SVS-VISTEK uses
female connectors on their cameras according to JIIA standard. You needcables with male connectors (plugs).

CoaXPress standard supports camera control and power over CoaXPress(PoCXP, 24V@13W). It is recommended to use the frame grabber power supply over CoaXPress.

5 Connectors

20

5.2

Hirose I/O connector
The Hirose™ connector provides power, input and output signal access. Max
power out is 2 Amperes peak.

Fig.: 5-1: I/O Hirose connector layout

Inputs and outputs connect via 4I/O-matrix in the GenICam software tree to theappropriate actions. For detailed information about switching lights with thepower outputs via GenICam, refer to "LED strobe control" on page 73.
Type

HR10A-10R-12P

Matching Connector

HR10A-10P-12S

Table: 5-1: Hirose connector types

INFO

5 Connectors

PoE (Power over Ethernet) models do not support RS232 on pins 3 & 4.

21

6

Feature description
This chapter covers features of SVCam cameras. Not every feature might besupported by your specific camera model. For information about the features ofyour specific model, please refer to the specifications area of our website withyour exact model.
https://www.svs-vistek.com/en/industrial-cameras/svs-svcam-searchresult.php

6.1

Basic features
This section covers basic functionality of area sensor cameras.

6 Feature description

22

6.1.1

Gain
Setting gain above 0 dB (default) is a way to boost the signal coming from thesensor. Especially useful for low light conditions. Setting gain amplifies the signal of individual or binned pixels before the ADC. Referring to photography
adding gain corresponds to increasing ISO. Increasing gain will increase noise
as well.
add 6 dB

double ISO value

6 dB

400 ISO

12 dB

800 ISO

18 dB

1600 ISO

24 dB

3200 ISO

Table: 6-1: Table of dB and corresponding ISO value

NOTICE

Gain also amplifies the sensor’s noise. Therefore, gain should be lastchoice for increasing image brightness. Modifying gain will not change thecamera’s dynamic range.

Fig.: 6-1: Noise caused by too much gain

Auto gain
For automatic adjustment of gain refer to auto exposure (see "Auto exposure"on page 40).
When using auto-gain with steps of gain the noncontinuous gain adjustment
might be visible in final image. Depending on your application it might be preferable to use fixed gain values instead and modify exposure with exposure time.

6.1.2

Resolution
As mentioned in the specifications, there is a difference between the numericalsensor resolution and the camera resolution. Some pixels towards the borders

6 Feature description23

of the sensor will be used only internally to calibrate sensor values (“Darkpixels”). The amount of dark current in these areas is used to adjust the offset(see "Offset" below).
For calculating image sizes, the maximum camera resolution is determining
maximum image resolution, refer to the specifications of the camera model).

6.1.3

OffsetFor physical reasons the output of a sensor will never be zero, even the camera
is placed in total darkness or simply closed. Always there will be noise or randomly appearing electrons that will be detected as a signal (dark noise: noise
generated without light exposure).
To avoid this dark noise to be interpreted as a valuable signal, an offset will be
set.

Fig.: 6-2: Dark noise cut off by the offset

Most noise is proportional to temperature. To spare you regulating the offset
every time the temperature changes. A precedent offset is set by the camera
itself. It references certain pixels that never were exposed to light as black. So
the offset will be set dynamically and conditioned to external influences.
The offset can be limited by a maximum bit value. If higher values are needed,
try to set a look up table.

INFO

6 Feature description

For multi-tap CCD sensors, the offset can be altered for each tap separately.

24

6.1.4

Color
Color cameras are identical to the monochrome versions. The color pixels aretransferred in sequence from the camera, in the same manner as the monochrome, but considered as “raw”-format.

Fig.: 6-3: CCD with Bayer pattern

The camera sensor has a color mosaic filter called “Bayer” filter pattern named
after the person who invented it. The pattern alternates as follows:
E.g.: First line: GRGRGR... and so on. (R=red, B=blue, G=green) Second line:
BGBGBG... and so on. Please note that about half of the pixels are green, aquarter red and a quarter blue. This is due to the maximum sensitivity of thehuman eye at about 550 nm (green). De-Bayering is not done in the camera, it
must be done in the client software(also refer to SDK functions). Not all sensors
have the same sequence of color. The GenICam property PixelColorFilter indicates the sequence of the color pixels when reading color images.
Using color information from the neighboring pixels the RG and B values ofeach pixel is interpolated by software, e.g. the red pixel does not have information of green and blue components. The performance of the image depends on
the software used.
Camera Link frame grabbers need information of the sequence order of the colors. The order depends on sensor type. USB3 and GigE cameras provide this in
their XML file.

INFO

It is recommended to use an IR cut filter for color applications

White balance
The human eye adapts to the definition of white depending on thelighting conditions. The human brain will define a surface as white,e.g. a sheet of paper, even when it is illuminated with a bluish light.
White balance of a camera does the same. It defines white or
removes influences of a color based on a non-white illumination.
l

l

6.1.5

Continuous: Auto white balance will analyze the taken images and adjust
exposure per color accordingly as long as the camera is taking images. Different colors of the same object in a sequence might be the result depending on the other objects in the image
Once: Auto white balance will adjust white balance as soon it is started andwill stop modifying parameters as soon white balance is finished.

Flip image
Images can be mirrored horizontally or vertically. Image flip is done inside thememory of the camera, therefore not increasing the CPU load of the PC.

6 Feature description

25

Fig.: 6-4: Original image

Fig.: 6-5: Horizontal flip

6 Feature description

26

Fig.: 6-6: Vertical flip

6.1.6

Binning
Binning provides a way to enhance dynamic range, but at the cost of lower resolution. Binning combines electron charges from neighboring pixels directly on
the chip, before readout.
Binning is only used with monochrome CCD Sensors. For reducing resolution
on color sensors refer to "Decimation" on the facing page.
On CMOS sensors, binning will not affect image quality. In any case, binningwill reduce the amount of pixel data to be transferred.

Vertical binning
Accumulates vertical pixels.

Fig.: 6-7: Vertical binning

6 Feature description

27

Horizontal binning
Accumulates horizontal pixels.

Fig.: 6-8: Horizontal binning

2×2 Binning
A combination of horizontal and vertical binning.
When DVAL signal is enabled only every third pixel in horizontal direction is
grabbed.

Fig.: 6-9: 2x2 binning

6.1.7

Decimation
For reducing width or height of an image, decimation can be used. Columns orrows can be ignored.

INFO

6 Feature description

Refer to "ROI / AOI" on page 55for reducing data rate by reducing the region
you are interested in.

28

Fig.: 6-10: Horizontal decimation

Fig.: 6-11: Vertical decimation

Decimation on color sensors
The Bayer pattern color information is preserved with 1/3 horizontal and verticalresolution. The frame readout speed increases approx. by factor 2.5.

Fig.: 6-12: Decimation on color sensors

6 Feature description

29

6.1.8GenICamprovides a generic programming interface to control all kinds ofcameras and devices. Regardless of the interface technology (GigE Vision,
USB3 Vision, CoaXPress, Camera Link, etc.) or implemented feature, theapplication programming interface (API) will always be the same. The SNFC
makes sure the feature names are similar throughout the manufacturers, making it more easy to switch camera models.
The GenICamTM standard consists of multiple modules according to the maintasks to be solved:ll

GenApi: configuring the camera
SNFC: Standard Feature Naming Convention, a catalog of standardized
names and types for common device featuresl

GenTL: transport layer interface, grabbing imagesl

GenCP: generic GenICam control protocoll

GenTL SFNC: recommended names and types for transport layer interface.

The GenICam properties are organized as a tree. Manufacturers can add morefeatures.
With your SVCam, the GenICam tree does have some hardware related extensions, especially in the I/O sector. See the Quick guide install for a short introduction into the SVS-Vistek GenICam tree.
The GenICam properties are organized in views. The recommended way toview and adjust is by using SVCapture. If you want to have a full view of all
adjustable GenICam items, activate the Guru mode. Beginner mode will show
only most common attributes.

NOTICE

6 Feature description

All modfications in the GenICam tree will have immediate effect.

30

6.1.9Trigger modes
To start capturing images, the camera has to receive a trigger signal. This trigger signal can be a software trigger, it might be an electric signal on the hardware I/O or it can be a timed trigger (sequence of images or "Precision Time
Protocol").

Software trigger
The camera exposure can be started via software. With some interface types
like GigE and USB3 it is impossible to have a 100% precise software trigger.
CoaXPress and Camera Link permit relatively precise triggering of the camera.
If you need to have a precise trigger, usage of "External hardware trigger" below
is recommended.

External hardware trigger
External trigger with programmable exposure time. In this mode the camera is
waiting for an external trigger pulse that starts integration, whereas exposure
time is programmable via the serial interface and calculated by the internal
microcontroller of the camera. Default input is Input1 for trigger.
At the rising edge of the trigger the camera will initiate the exposure.
The software provided by SVS-Vistek allows the user to set exposure time e.g.
from 60 μs to 60 sec (camera type dependent).
Exposure time of the next image can overlap with the frame readout of the current image (trigger pulse occurs when FVAL is high). When this happens, thestart of exposure time is synchronized to the negative edge of the LVAL signal(see figure)

When the rising edge of trigger signal occurs after frame readout has ended(FVAL is low), the start of exposure time is not synchronized to LVAL and exposure time starts after a short and persistant delay.

6 Feature description

31

Exposure time can be changed during operation. No frame is distorted duringswitching time. If the configuration is saved to the EEPROM, the set exposure
time will remain also when power is removed.

Details of external trigger mode
Diagrams below are equivalent for CCD and CMOS technique.

6 Feature description

32

6 Feature description

33

6.1.10

Shutter modes
CCD and CMOS area cameras consist of pixels, ordered in lines and columns.
All pixel are exposed to light and then read out to camera electronics. There is adifference of reading out the sensor between global and rolling shutter. Especially flashing and moving objects might need more attention with rolling shutter.
There are 3 modes to operate a camera area sensor:

Global shutter modelGlobal reset of all pixelslAll pixels start light integration at the same timelAll pixels stop integration at same timelReadout line by line after exposure of whole frame is completed

Artifactsl

All pixel show same movement artifactsl

In case of exposure time too long, all pixels blurred

Use short exposure times for preventing blur artifacts. Image of moving object
on sensor must not move more than half pixel width.
Exposure with flash

Flash strobe at any time and length while exposing. With moving objects, lightpulse has to be short enough to prevent blur artifacts.

Rolling shutter modelPixel reset line by linelLine by line light integrationlIntegration starts with different point of time for each linel

All lines stop integration at different timelLine readout immediately after line exposurelNext integration has to wait for finished readout (per line)l

No external exposure control (expose while trigger signal active)

Limitations

Use short exposure times for preventing blur / deforming artifacts. Image of moving object on sensor must not move more than half pixel width. In case of moving objects, exposure movement on sensor has to be shorter than half a pixel
for whole image.
Make sure your light is ON as long any pixel are going to be exposed. Total imaging time is exposure time plus scanning time.
Minimum scan time in most cases is about 1 frame length.
With rolling shutter the whole sensor has to be read out – always. That means
applying ROI will reduce the amount of final data being transmitted out of thecamera (and the frame rate might rise, due to the limited bandwidth of the

6 Feature description34

interface). Nonetheless, the maximum achievable frame rate with applied ROI
will be the maximum frame rate of the sensor reading the full sensor area
(internal full sensor speed), please refer to relating sensor specs.
Artifactsl

All pixel show same artifactslDeformed image of moving objects

Exposure with flash

Fig.: 6-13: flash control with rolling shutterlFlash strobe on whole exposure time

- or lFlash strobe only while all lines are sensitive to light at the same time(delay flash strobe until all lines are sensitive to light)

Make sure to protect from changing environment light (recommendation: flash
strobe in darkness). Short Flash strobe times with moving objects.

6 Feature description

35

Light control with rolling shutter

As being said, not all sensor lines are sensitive to light at the same time. Make
sure your light is ON as long any pixel are going to e exposed. An exo183xGE
i.e. needs about 62ms of minimal scanning time. An exo183xCL i.e. needs
about 120ms of minimal scanning time. Minimum scan time in most cases isabout 1 frame length.

There are 2 general guidelines for flashing with rolling shutter:ll

Make sure your light is ON and stable the whole period of time while scanning / exposing. Minimum flash time is scanning time plus exposure time. In
this case, while flashing you will get geometric distortions as mentioned
above. Exposure will be determined by camera exposure time and lightintensity.
If flash time is less than scanning time then exposure time has to be at least
scanning time + flash time, with a delay of scanning time. In other words,
your exposure time will be scanning time plus flash time, while you use aflash delay of scanning time. Thus flash release will start after the delay ofscanning time, as soon the sensor is fully open. You should keep the object
in total darkness while the first scanning time.
In this case, as all lines are sensitive to light at the same time after the firstscan time, flashing time can be as short as you like. You will not see the typical geometric rolling shutter distortions as shown above. Imaging will besimilar to global shutter. Exposure will be determined by flash time / intensity.

Fig.: 6-14: Rolling shutter lines light sensitivity versus time

6 Feature description36

As shown here, after triggering only part of the sensor is sensitive to light (scanning time). As soon as scanning time has finished, all pixels are sensitive tolight, the sensor is fully open. While being fully open this is the time where flashing should happen. In the final scanning time, less and less pixels are sensitive
to light until the sensor light sensitivity will finish.
Rolling shutter limitations

Due to the principles of rolling shutter, some standard features of
SVS-Vistek cameras are not applicable.
llExternal exposure control (expose while trigger signal active) does notmake sense with rolling shutter
ROI with rolling shutter: With rolling shutter the whole sensor has to be readout – always. That means applying ROI will reduce the amount of final data
being transmitted out of the camera (and the framerate might rise, due tothe limited bandwidth of the interface). Nonetheless, the maximum achievable framerate with applied ROI will be the maximum framerate of thesensor reading the full sensor area (internal full sensor speed), please referto relating sensor specs.

Calculate frame rates

According to the calculation below, the requested times for scanning through alllines of the sensor will affect maximum frame rate calculation as well.
In this example, the camera is an exo183 with 3672 lines and 54 dummy lines.
Each line takes 22.2 ms readout time (depending on configuration). The camera does have about 300 µs exposure time delay at worst case.
Frame rate calculation with exo183 with rolling shutter
lines

3672

dummy lines+

total lines
readout time 1x3_1Y

54
3726

22,2 µs

exp delay* 3726 =82717,2 µs+

300 µsframe readout time

83017,2 µs

This is minimum time for camera readout with 0s exposure time.
Exposure time has to be added:
frame readout time

83017,2 µs

exposure time2500 µs

total frame time85517,2 µs

maximum sensor acquisition time

1/ frame time

11,6 fps

note: readout time 1x2_1Y = 32,63 µs

6 Feature description

37

Global Reset Release Mode
Global reset release mode is a special mode to operate rolling shutter sensors.
All rolling shutter cameras from SVS-VISTEK GmbH can be operated in Global
Reset Release mode. Global reset release shows advantages when operating
light sources in non-constant light situations.

Fig.: 6-15: setup of global reset release mode in GenICam tree

Benefitsl

All pixel reset all lines same timelLight integration starts with same point of time for each linel

All lines stop integration at different timelReadout line by line

Limitations

ROI limitations apply similar to rolling shutter.
l

Next integration has to wait for finished readout of last active linel

No external exposure control (expose while trigger signal active)l

not useful with constant object illumination

ArtifactslDifferent amount of blur on moving objects (more blur the later the readout)lDeformed image of moving objects (see rolling shutter)lbrighter exposure the later the readout

Global reset mode with flash

The disadvantage of global reset release mode is lines at the end of readout are
exposed to light longer than the lines at readout start, brightness is different.
Using a strobe controller with flashed light will get rid of the issue.
Global reset release mode setuplmake sure of no external (constant) light sourceluse flash only for object illuminationlset camera to global reset release modelstart exposure time together with flash (flash strobe in darkness)

When flashing in global reset mode, the flash time will define the exposure time.
Thus, an very time-stable flash control is essential.

6 Feature description

38

Fig.: 6-16: strobe control in global reset mode

In Global Reset Mode flash is starting together with exposure, all CMOS lines
are sensitive to light. Flash time has to be shorter than exposure time. Exposure
time is determined by flash time.

INFO

Strobe control jitter might be visible in the image as structures or as brightness
instabilities.
We recommend using the very stable integrated I/O flash control for light control. Precision is about 1 tic or 15ns.

6.1.11

Exposurell

For various exposure and timing modes in chapter, see "Basic capturemodes" on page 56.
For combining various exposure timings with PWM LED illumination, refer
to "Sequencer" on page 75.

Setting exposure time
Exposure time can be set by width of the external or internal triggers or programmed by a given value.

6.1.12

Exposure speed
Frames per second, or frame rate describes the number of frames output per
second (1/ frame time). Especially GigE and USB cameras cannot guarantee
predictable maximum frame rates with heavy interface bus load.

6 Feature description

39

Maximum frame rate might depend on:

6.1.13lPixel clockl

Image sizel

Tap structurelData transport limitationl

Processing time

Auto exposure
Auto Luminance or auto exposure automatically calculates andadjusts exposure time and gain, frame-by-frame.
The auto exposure or automatic luminance control of the camera
signal is a combination of an automatic adjustment of the camera
exposure time (electronic shutter) and the gain.
The first priority is to adjust the exposure time and if the exposure
time range is not sufficient, gain adjustment is applied. It is possibility to predefine the range (min. / max.-values) of exposure
time and of gain.
The condition to use this function is to set a targeted averaged brightness of thecamera image. The algorithm computes a gain and exposure for each image toreach this target brightness in the next image (control loop). Enabling this functionality uses always both – gain and exposure time.

Limitations
As this feature is based on a control loop, the result is only useful in an averaged, continuous stream of images. Strong variations in brightness from one
image to next image will result in a swing of the control loop. Therefore it is notrecommended to use the auto-luminance function in such cases.

6 Feature description

40

6.1.14Acquisition and processing time
The camera has to read the sensor, process the data to a valid image and transfer this to the host computer. Some of these tasks are done in parallel. Thisimplies the data transfer does not end immediately after end of exposure, as theimage has to be processed and transferred after exposure.

Fig.: 6-17: Acquisition and processing timeOn the other hand, while processing and transferring the image the sensor
might capture already the next frame.

6.1.15Bit depth
Values of brightness are internally represented by numbers. The
number of bits for brightness representation is limiting the numberof color values that can be represented. Bit depth defines the maximum unique colors or gray levels in an image.
No of gray values = 2bit depth
All SVCam models support 8-bit format. In most cases, the sensor
itself is limiting maximum bit depth. Refer to specifications whether
your model is supporting higher bit depth.

6 Feature description

41

INFO

Depending on camera model, different bit depths are supported.

Packed format
Some camera models support “packed” bitformats. Instead of using 16 bit per
pixel (and transferring a lot of zeroes), 2 bytes contain more information than
only 1 pixel.
For example, in the image above, “Mono12Packed” is supported. Every pixel
has a bit depth of 12 bit. Information transfer has to be in 8-bit steps (8, 16, 24
etc). By packing, 2 pixel can be transferred in 3 bytes (24 bit) instead of 2 x 16
bit (4 bytes). This increases bandwidth by 25%. This packing does not affectimage quality, but the image needs to be unpacked (with an SVCam SDK function, very fast) after image acquisition before the image can be processed.
NOTICE

Unpacking has to be done manually, this is not a GenTL function. Thus,
image acquisition in packed formats won’t be supported by most 3rd party
software products.

Separated bit depth of sensor and camera
Some camera models are supporting separated bit depth adjustment of sensor readout and camera readout. Thus you can read in
an image e.g. in 12 bit from the sensor, apply a 12-to-8 bit look-up
table and read from the camera as an 8 bit image.

By default, Sensor Pixel Size is SensorBppAuto and should follow the adjustment of Pixel Size.
The final bit depth exported by the camera (camera readout) is adjusted with
Pixel Size.

Bit depth and brightness with Sony Gen 4 sensors
The FXO series (XGE / CXP) shows different brightness when switching
between 8-bit and 12-bit mode (SensorPixelSize). If you read sensor 8 bit, theupper 4 bits of the sensor range are cut off.

6 Feature description42

8-bit mode sensor pixel size is 50% faster, but the (bit-cut-off) reduced full wellcapacity also results in a higher noise percentage. To use the full dynamic
range of the sensor, the sensor must be read out 12 bit, the transmission canthen be done with (reduced) 8 or 12 bit, as required.

The red 8 bit curve above is the result of the sensor 12 bit capacity with the used
8 bit range. The black 12 bit curve is an applied linear 12-to-8 bit look-up table.

6 Feature description

43

6.1.16

ROI / AOI
In partial scan mode or Area-Of-Interest (AOI) mode (or Region-Of-Interest(ROI) mode) only a certain region of the sensor will be read.

Fig.: 6-18: AOI on area sensor

Selecting an AOI will reduce the number of horizontal lines being read. This will
reduce the amount of data to be transferred, thus increasing the maximum
speed in terms of frames per second.
With CCD sensors, setting an AOI on the left or right side does not affect theframe rate, as lines must be read out completely.
With CMOS Sensors, AOI is sensor dependent. Some CMOS sensors require
the camera to read full horizontal sensor lines internally. Reducing horizontal
size with AOI might result in limited frame rate gain.

6.2

Camera features
The camera is embedded in its electronics and firmware feature.

6.2.1

Glass filter
The camera is equipped with a glass filter for sensor protection reasons (dust).
Optical length of the glass filter is included in the mount specifications.

6.2.2

Shading correction
The interactions between objects, illumination, and the camera lens might leadto a non-uniform flatfield in brightness. Shading describes the non-uniformity ofbrightness from one edge to the other or center towards edge(s).
Original and shading corrected image

6 Feature description

44This shading can be caused by non-uniform illumination, non-uniform camera
sensitivity, vignetting of the lens, or even dirt and dust on glass surfaces (lens).
Shading correction is a procedure to create a flatfield image out of a non-uniform image regardless of the reasons of the non-uniformity. Before doing shading correction, make sure your lens is clean and in perfect condition. If the lensis not clean or the lighting not uniform, the algorithm tries to compensate theseas well – resulting in a wrong shading table and visible artifacts, loss of details or
local noise in the final image.
In theory, there are several locations of shadinglll

In the host computer: significant loss of dynamic range
In the camera, digital: better (smoother) shading than on computer, still
loss of dynamic range
In the camera, analog: set gain/offset locally direct on sensor to get
optimum shading correction with only small changes in dynamic range

It is important to have in mind that shading correction might reduce dynamic
range of the images taken. By using different gains and offsets on the sensor
local noise might be less uniform. Structures in the reference image might leadto visible shading artifacts.
In contrary to any shading correction being done after image recording, themethod described here will hardly affect the dynamic range of the image.
The task is done with shading maps. Shading maps are test files containing adescription for the camera how to balance shading control. Shading maps canbe created and uploaded to the camera with SVCapture. The shading map creation process takes any image with any (!) illumination and creates a shading
map out of it. This shading map afterwards will be uploaded into the camera.

6 Feature description

45

How it works
The tool will divide the image into squares of 16x16 pixel. Out of every 16x16
pixel cluster a set of shading values consisting of specific gain and offset per
cluster is calculated. The resulting map can be uploaded into the camera andwill compensate for any shading, lens-based or based on illumination.
Control shading via enabling/disable shading control. Up to 3 different shading
maps can be uploaded and connected with a user preset. Like this by switching
the user set you can use 3 different shadings (use this for example if the illumination in 3 colors is not the same) in sequential shots.
NOTICE

Shading correction is possible with certain models only. See camera specs
whether your model does support this. In case your camera is not supporting, the assistant will not be selectable.
First, shading reference images have to be taken with shading correction disabled (use 16 images minimum). Save it on disk. Use std .bmp files here, if possible with more than 8 bit.
1. Run shading assistant->Generate Map

Fig.: 6-19: Shading control disabled

6 Feature description

46

2. With SVCapture load these reference images.

3. See shading in the preview
4. Generate the shading map
5. Save map to disk. This file can be used in programmed environments via
SDK as well.
6. Upload it to the camera and see the result. If lighting did not change fromstart of procedure, you should see a uniform image with enabled shading
control.

6 Feature description

47

7. Run camera with same lighting to see corrected image.

6.2.3

Defect pixel correction
All image sensor have defect pixels in a lesser or greater extent. Type and number of defects determine the quality grade (quality classification) of the sensor.
Defect Pixel Correction is using information from neighboring pixels to compensate for defect pixels or defect pixel clusters (cluster may have up to five
defect pixels).
Defect Pixels either be dark pixels, i.e. that don’t collect any light, or bright
pixels (hot pixel) that always are outputting a bright signal.
The amount of hot pixels is proportional to exposure time and temperature of
the sensor.
By default, all known defect pixels or clusters are corrected by SVS-VISTEK as
a factory default.
Under challenging conditions or high temperature environments defect pixel
behaviour might change. This can be corrected.
l

l

l
l

A factory created defect map (SVS map), defying known defects, is stored
in the camera.
A custom defect map can be created by the user. A simple *.txt file withcoordinates must be created. The user must locate the pixel defects manually.
The *.txt file can be uploaded into the camera. Beware of possible Offset!
Defect maps can be switched off to show all default defects, and switchedback on to improve image quality.

Unlike shading correction, defect pixel correction suppresses single pixels orclusters and reconstructs the expected value by interpolating neighboring pixel
values. The standard interpolation algorithm uses the pixel to the left or to theright of the defect. This simple algorithm prevents high runtime losses.
More sophisticated algorithms can be used by software.

6 Feature description

48

Fig.: 6-20: Illustration of a defect pixel

Procedure of pixel correction
SVCapture is the tool to generate pixel correction maps. The pixel correction
assistant provides everything to create, load, enable and restore defect pixel
creation maps.
Defect pixel correction is possible with certain models only. See camera specs
whether your model does support this. In case your camera is not supporting,the assistant will not be selectable.

6 Feature description49l

For easy image processing, it is recommended to have pixel correction
activatedlPixel correction maps can be saved and loadedl

The std factory map can be selected any timelGenerate your own custom maplSelect your own defect pixel map

The procedure to create a std map is pretty straight forward. Befrore starting
generating the map, in the GenICam tree do following:l

Set gain to 0 dBlDisable autogainlSet offset to 0l

Record a set of dark images (put lens cap on)

Defect pixel map generation
SVCapture defect pixel assistant requires a set of images being loaded

6 Feature description50

1. Load black images (16 images minimum) into generator
2. Generate map
3. Save map to file for later usage
4. Upload the map to the camera.
Make sure pixel correction is activated.

Procedure of pixel correction
SVCapture is the tool to generate pixel correction maps. The pixel correction
assistant provides everything to create, load, enable and restore defect pixel
creation maps.
Defect pixel correction is possible with certain models only. See camera specs
whether your model does support this. In case your camera is not supporting,the assistant will not be selectable.

6 Feature description

51

l

For easy image processing, it is recommended to have pixel correction
activatedlPixel correction maps can be saved and loadedl

The std factory map can be selected any timelGenerate your own custom maplSelect your own defect pixel map

The procedure to create a std map is pretty straight forward. Befrore starting
generating the map, in the GenICam tree do following:

6 Feature descriptionl

Set gain to 0 dBlDisable autogainlSet offset to 0l

Record a set of dark images (put lens cap on)

52

6.2.4Look-up table
The look-up table feature (LUT) lets the user define certain values
to every bit value that comes from the ADC. To visualize a LUT a
curve diagram can be used, similar to the diagrams used in photo
editing software.
The shown custom curve indicates a contrast increase by applying
an S-shaped curve. The maximum resolution is shifted to the midrange. Contrasts in this illumination range is increased while black
values will be interpreted more black and more of the bright pixels
will be displayed as 100 % white.

INFO

For further Information about curves and their impact on the image refer to ourhomepage: Knowledge Base – LUT.

Fig.: 6-21: Custom LUT adding contrast to the mid-tones

INFO

LUT implementation reduces bit depth from 12 bit to 8 bit on the output.

Gamma correction
Using the look-up table makes is also possible to implement a logarithmic correction. This is commonly called “gamma correction”.

6 Feature description

53

Historically gamma correction was used to correct the illumination behavior of
CRT displays, by compensating brightness-to-voltage with a gamma value
between 1,8 up to 2,55.
The gamma algorithms for correction can simplify resolution shifting as shown
seen below.
lInput & output signal range from 0 to 1l

Output-signal = Input-signalGamma

Fig.: 6-22: Several gamma curves comparable to a LUT
lGamma values less than 1.0 map darker image values into a wider ranger.

lGamma values greater than 1.0 do the same for brighter values.

INFO

Gamma algorithm is just a way to generate a LUT. It is not implemented in thecamera directly.

6 Feature description

54

6.2.5

ROI / AOI
In partial scan mode or Area-Of-Interest (AOI) mode (or Region-Of-Interest(ROI) mode) only a certain region of the sensor will be read.

Fig.: 6-23: AOI on area sensor

Selecting an AOI will reduce the number of horizontal lines being read. This will
reduce the amount of data to be transferred, thus increasing the maximum
speed in terms of frames per second.
With CCD sensors, setting an AOI on the left or right side does not affect theframe rate, as lines must be read out completely.
With CMOS Sensors, AOI is sensor dependent. Some CMOS sensors require
the camera to read full horizontal sensor lines internally. Reducing horizontal
size with AOI might result in limited frame rate gain.

6 Feature description

55

6.2.6

Basic capture modes
The camera has 2 basic operation modes.
Free run (timed) run: The camera will expose
and deliver images on a fixed schedule.

lTriggered: The camera will wait for an externalsignal and start exposure after receiving theexternal trigger signal.

lFree running
Free running (fixed frequency) with programmable exposure time. Frames arereadout continuously and valid data is indicated by LVAL for each line and
FVAL for the entire frame.
There is no need to trigger the camera in order to get data. Exposure time is programmable via serial interface and calculated by the internal logic of the camera.

Fig.: 6-24: Basic capture modes - free running

The fundamental signals are:lLine Valid: LVAL, Frame Valid: FVAL,l

And in case of triggered modes: trigger input.

Triggered mode (pulse width)
External trigger and pulse-width controlled exposure time. In this mode the camera is waiting for an external trigger, which starts integration and readout.
Exposure time can be varied using the length of the trigger pulse (rising edge
starts integration time, falling edge terminates the integration time and starts
frame read out). This mode is useful in applications where the light level of thescene changes during operation. Change of exposure time is possible from one
frame to the next.

6 Feature description

56

Fig.: 6-25: Basic capture modes - triggered mode (pulse width with overlap)

Exposure time of the next image can overlap with the frame readout of the current image (rising edge of trigger pulse occurs when FVAL is high). When thishappens: the start of exposure time is synchronized to the falling edge of the
LVAL signal.

Fig.: 6-26: Basic capture modes - triggered mode (pulse width without overlap)

When the rising edge of trigger signal occurs after frame readout has ended(FVAL is low) the start of exposure time is not synchronized to LVAL and exposure time starts after a short and persistent delay.
The falling edge of the trigger signal must always occur after readout of the previous frame has ended (FVAL is low).

Software trigger
Trigger can also be initiated by software or serial interface.

INFO

Software trigger can be influenced by jitter. Avoid software trigger when using
time sensitive applications.

6.2.7

Read-out control
Read-out control defines a delay between exposure and data transfer. Readout control is used to program a delay value (time) for the readout from thesensor.
With more than one camera connected to a single computer, image acquisition
and rendering can cause conflicts for data transfer, on CPU or bus system.

Fig.: 6-27: Illustration of physical data stream in time

6 Feature description

57

6.2.8Temperature sensor
A temperature sensor is installed on the main board of the camera. To avoid
overheating, the temperature is constantly monitored and read. Besides software monitoring, the camera indicates high temperature by a red flashing LED(see flashing LED codes).

6.2.9

Fan control
The camera has a built-in fan that is set to automatic mode by default. The fan
directs the airflow externally past the camera to avoid contamination inside thecamera. The fan offers the following advantages:
l

l
l

l

l

Small camera footprint (due to lack of large heat sinks) ensures easy integration
Large temperature range in standalone operation
Heat dissipation mainly through the thermo-mechanical connection of the
housing
Fan can be switched off if necessary. Ensure a good thermal connection to
the camera housing.
The fan activity mode can be set in the GenICam Tree.

In the Fan Control area, the threshold value allows you to define the sensor temperature at which the fan becomes active in Auto mode (60°C default).

6 Feature description

58

6.2.10

System clock frequency
Default system clock frequency in almost every SVCam is set to 66.6 MHz. To
validate your system frequency refer to: specifications.
Using the system clock as reference of time, time settings can only be made insteps. In this example, the transfer rate is 66.7 MHz, thus resulting in steps of
15 ns.

INFO

Use multiples of 15 ns to write durations into camera memory.

6.2.11

Predefined configurations (user sets)
The camera starts with default values for all features when turned on. Settings
made during operation will expire when the camera is turned off.
All preset adjustments are located in the GenICam tree in the “User Set Control”
property. It is possible to save up to 8 user sets. Each of these setups consistsof a complete configuration set including exposure time, delays, I/O configuration for the camera. These user sets can be loaded at runtime. In addition,
you can specify which setup is loaded as default when the camera is switchedon.

Load a user set
With UserSetSelector a user set can be selected. Select the desired user set
and press UserSetLoad (command) twice to load the user set. The following
example loads user set 2.

Save user sets
Select the user set to be saved in the UserSetSelector and save it with the UserSetSave command.

Set a user set as default
Use User Set Default to select the user set that is to be loaded when the camera
is started. Save this setting with UserSetSave (In the example below, user set 5
is saved as default).

6 Feature description

59

Reset to factory default
User sets can be reset to factory settings. This is a two-step process. First, thefactory settings must be loaded:

Afterwards this factory default user set must be saved again as user set (in theexample below, user set 2 is overwritten with the factory settings).

6.2.12

Particle Image Velocimetry
Cameras operated in Particle Image Velocimetry (PIV) mode will generate 2
consecutive images with ultra-short gap between 2 exposures. PIV mode uses
specific sensor modes and has to be activated in the GenICam tree.

Sony IMX Pregius S sensors minimum gap is approx. 1-2 µs. 1st image exposure time has to be adjusted like in normal camera operation, with restrictions
depending on resolution and bit depth. 2nd image exposure time is readout timefor 1st image and cannot be adjusted.
On trigger signal, first image is exposed. The sensor itself will trigger 2nd exposure right after finishing 1st exposure, the gap is not adjustable. Finally, you will
get 2 images.

6 Feature description

60

Fig.: 6-28: Sequence of exposure in PIV mode

For avoiding different image brightness as a result of different exposure times ofboth images, it is recommended to work in darkness and control image brightness via strobe light intensity and strobe duration.
Gap adjustment is done by positioning strobe in the exposure windows. For getting ultra-short exposure gaps, 1st strobe is at the end of 1st exposure time and2nd strobe is at beginning of second exposure.
Readout of 1st frame is while 2nd frame being exposed.

6 Feature description

61

6.3

I/O Features
The SVCam cameras are equipped with several inputs and outputs, providing
state-of-the-art control regarding input and output channels. All I/O functions
are realized as modules. These functions can be connected in the GenICam
tree.

6.3.1

GenICamprovides a generic programming interface to control all kinds ofcameras and devices. Regardless of the interface technology (GigE Vision,
USB3 Vision, CoaXPress, Camera Link, etc.) or implemented feature, theapplication programming interface (API) will always be the same. The SNFC
makes sure the feature names are similar throughout the manufacturers, making it more easy to switch camera models.
The GenICamTM standard consists of multiple modules according to the maintasks to be solved:ll

GenApi: configuring the camera
SNFC: Standard Feature Naming Convention, a catalog of standardized
names and types for common device featuresl

GenTL: transport layer interface, grabbing imagesl

GenCP: generic GenICam control protocoll

GenTL SFNC: recommended names and types for transport layer interface.

The GenICam properties are organized as a tree. Manufacturers can add morefeatures.
With your SVCam, the GenICam tree does have some hardware related extensions, especially in the I/O sector. See the Quick guide install for a short introduction into the SVS-Vistek GenICam tree.
The GenICam properties are organized in views. The recommended way toview and adjust is by using SVCapture. If you want to have a full view of all
adjustable GenICam items, activate the Guru mode. Beginner mode will show
only most common attributes.

6 Feature description

62

NOTICEAll modfications in the GenICam tree will have immediate effect.

6.3.2

Assigning I/O Lines – IOMUXThe IOMUX is best described as a switch matrix. It connects inputs, and outputs
with the various functions of SVCam I/O. It also allows combining inputs with
Boolean arguments.

Fig.: 6-29: "IN0" connected to "debouncer"

Now the debounced signal can be taken from Debouncer (line 8) in the next
module as source.

6 Feature description

LineSelector

Translation

Line0

Output0

Line1

Output1

Line2

Output2

Line3

Output3

Line3

Output4

Line5

Uart In

Line6

Trigger

Line7

Sequencer

Line8

Debouncer

Line9

PrescalerLine10

Input0

Line11

Input1

Line12

Input2

Line13

Input3

Line14

Input4

Line15

LogicA

Line16

LogicB

Line17

LensTXD

63

LineSelector

Translation

Line18

Pulse0

Line19Pulse1

Line20

Pulse2

Line21

Pulse3

Line22

Uart2 In

The input and output lines for Strobe and Trigger impulses can be arbitrarily
assigned to actual data lines. Individual assignments can be stored persistently
to the EPROM. Default setting can be restored from within the Camera.

INFO

6 Feature description

Refer to pin-out in input / output connectors when physically wiring.

64

Input vector to switch matrix
No.

Name

Description0

io_in(0)trigger input 0 – 24 Volt / RS-232 / opto *1

io_in(1)trigger input 0 – 24 Volt / RS-232 / opto *2

io_in(2)trigger input 0 – 24 Volt / RS-232 / opto *3

io_in(3)trigger input 0 – 24 Volt / RS-232 / opto *4

io_rxd input

5

txd_from_uart1

input

6

strobe(0)output from module iomux_pulseloop_0

7strobe(1)output from module iomux_pulseloop_1

8

rr_pwm_out_a

output from module iomux_sequenzer_09

rr_pwm_out_b

output from module iomux_sequenzer_0

10expose input

11

readout input

12

r_sequenzer_pulse_a output from module iomux_sequenzer_0(pulse)13

rr_pwm_out_c

output from module iomux_sequenzer_014

rr_pwm_out_d

output from module iomux_sequenzer_0

15

r_sequenzer_active

output from module iomux_sequenzer_0

16

r_debouncer

output from module iomux_dfilter_0

17r_prescaler

output from module iomux_prescaler_0

18

r_sequenzer_pulse_b output from module iomux_sequenzer_0(pwmmask)

19

r_logic

output from module iomux_logic_0

20

strobe(2)output from module iomux_pulseloop_2

21

strobe(3)output from module iomux_pulseloop_3

22

mft_rxd input

23

trigger_feedback

input

24

txd_from_uart2

input* refer to pinout or specifications

6 Feature description

65Output vector from switch matrix

INFO

6 Feature description

No.

Name / register

Description0

io_out(0)output open drain1

io_out(1)output open drain2

io_out(2)output open drain *3

io_out(3)output open drain *4

io_txdoutput, when debug='0'

5

rxd_to_uart1

output (uart_in)6

trigger

output7

sequenzer_hw_trigger

input to module iomux_sequenzer_0

8debounce input

input to module iomux_dfilter_0

9prescale input

input to module iomux_prescaler_0

10logic inputa

input to module iomux_logic_0

11logic inputb

input to module iomux_logic_0

12

mft_txd

output13

pulseloop hw_trigger

input to module iomux_pulseloop_0

14pulseloop hw_trigger

input to module iomux_pulseloop_1

15pulseloop hw_trigger

input to module iomux_pulseloop_2

16pulseloop hw_trigger

input to module iomux_pulseloop_3

17

rxd_to_uart2

output (uart2_in)

For physical number of open drain outputs refer to pinout or specifications.

66

Example of an IOMUX configuration

Fig.: 6-30: Example of an IOMUX configuration
l
l

l

l

l

l

l

6 Feature description

The trigger signal comes in on line 0
Debounce it.
connect line 0 to 8:
1000000000000000000000000
signal appears again on line 15 – debouncer out
Use the prescaler to act only on every second pulse.
connect line 16 to 9.
0000000000000000100000000
signal appears again on line 17 – debouncer out
Configure a strobe illumination with pulseloop module 0
connect line 17 to 13
signal from pulse loop module 0 appears on line 6
connect line 6 to 0 (output 0)
Set an exposure signal with pulseloop module 1.
connect line 17 to 6
Tell another component that the camera is exposing the sensor.
connect line 17 to 14
signal from pulse loop module 1 appears on line 7
connect line 7 to 1 (output 1)
Turn of a light that was ON during the time between two pictures.
connect line 17 to 15
invert signal from pulse loop module 2
it appears on line 20
connect line 20 to 2 (output 2)

67

Inverter
The inverter enabled at a certain line provides the reverse signal toor from a module.
Set to “1”With set to “1” enabled in a certain line, this line will provide a high signal no matter what signal was connected to the line before.
Set to “1” – inverse

The inverse of a set to “1” line will occur as a low signal, regardless of the actual
signal that enters the inverter module.

Easy overview with the I/O assistant
The easiest approach for an overview of current I/O connections is to use the
I/O assistant of SVCapture. Every function or module has a source.

I/O assistant of SVCapture with activated debouncer and logic input
With the example above

NOTICE

6 Feature descriptionlInput 1 will be debounced at firstlThen input 1 is combined via logic module with the logic value of input 2l

The logic result signal finally is the input for trigger.

This assistant view is showing the module connection only. The propertiesof each module are visible in std GenICam view only (e.g. what kind oflogic operation)

686.3.3PWM
During Pulse Width Modulation (PWM), a duty cycle is modulated by a fixed frequency square wave. This describes the ratio of ON to OFF as duty factor or
duty ratio.

Why PWM?
Pulse width modulation is an extremely efficient way (in terms of power dissipation) to provide/regulate electrical power to consumers as long as they do
not need uninterrupted supply (such as diodes or LEDs). The interruption times
might be as short as nano seconds.

LED characteristics
Since LEDs have a bounded workspace, the PWM ensures a variable intensityof illumination at a constant current on the diodes. The constant current guarantees a linear light emission response curve of the LED from 0-100% PWM
intensity.
Running LED lighting in flash mode will increase LED lifetime because of
reduced LED heat dissipation.

Implementation of PWM
The basic frequency of the modulation is defined by the cycle duration "T".

Duty cyle "T" is written into the registry by multiple of the inverse of camera frequency in 15 ns steps (refer to "System clock frequency" on page 59).

The intensity of a PWM

The duty ratio is calculated as: Δ% = t / T. It is written above the value of "t" as
PWMChange0-3[SeqSelector] per sequence into the registry.
PWMChange0-3[SeqSelector] unit is percentage value.

6 Feature description

69Fig.: 6-31: PWM intensity

Examples of PWMs

The integrals over both periods

andare equal.

An equal amount of Photons will be emitted. The intensity of light is the same.

The periods

6 Feature description

andare equal in length.

70

Fig.: 6-32: Example: 25% PWM load

Fig.: 6-33: Example: 50% PWM load

6 Feature description

71Fig.: 6-34: Example: 75% PWM load

The PWM module

Fig.: 6-35: The PWM module

6 Feature description

72

6.3.4LED strobe control
The SVCam 4I/O concept contains an integrated strobe controller. Its controls
are integrated into the GenICam tree. With LED lights attached to the outputs,
this enables the user to control the light without external devices. Being controlled via GenICam, any GenICam-compliant 3rd party software is able to control the light as well. Maximum ON-time is 100ms. Depending on the camera
model, up to 4 (see specifications) independent channels are supported with amax current of 3A@40ms 1A@40ms. Maximum continuous current is 0.3 A.
Despite internal protections, higher current peaks might be able to damage thecamera.

Fig.: 6-36: Attach LED lights to camera outputs

NOTICETo avoid destruction of your LED light or camera, make sure to use theright dimension of shunt resistor. If not done so, LEDs and/or Camera
might be damaged.

Calculate LED shunt resistors
Shunt resistors are used to limit the LED current. Make sure, neither shunt nor
LED run above specs.

LEDs in continuous mode
Voltage drop al 5 LEDs, 2,2V per LED (see spec. of
LED)

11 V

Max. continuous current (see spec. of LED)

250 mA

Voltage supply

24 V

Voltage drop at resistor (24 V – 11 V)

13 V

Pull up Resistor R =52 Ω

Table: 6-2: LEDs in continuous mode

6 Feature description73

Total power (6W)

Power at LEDs (Power loss at resistor (2,75 W))

3,25 W

Table: 6-3: Example Calculation “No Flash” (CW Mode)

LEDs in flash mode
Most LED lights can cope with currents higher than specs. This gives you
higher light output when light is ON. Refer to your LED specs if LED overdrive ispermitted.
By controlling the duty cycle the intensity of light and current can be controlled.
See sequencer example how to adjust the values in the GenICam tree forstrobe control.

INFO

The shorter the „time on“ – the higher current can be used when driving LEDs
with current higher than spec
As a rule of thumb, make sure your PWM lighting frequency is at least double or
triple the bit-depth of your image (e.g. 8 bit image = 256, this means your PWM
has to be switched at least 256*2=512 times) while exposing. If exposure time is
5 ms, the required minimum PWM freq = 5 ms / 512 ~ 10 µs ~ 100 kHz.

Strobe vocabulary
For an example how to enable and adjust the integrated strobe controller referto sequencer (see "Sequencer" on the next page). Times and frequencies are
set in tics. 1 tic = 15 ns.

Exposure delay
A tic value, representing the time between the (logical) positive edge of trigger
pulse and start of integration time.

Strobe polarity
Positive or negative polarity of the hardware strobe output can be selected.

Strobe duration
The exposure time of LED lights can be set in tics. The min duration is 1 µs. The
longest time is 1 second.

Strobe delay
The delay between the (logical) positive edge of trigger pulse and strobe pulse
output.

6 Feature description

74

6.3.5

Sequencer
The sequencer is used when different exposure settings and illuminations areneeded in a row.
Values to set

Description

Sequencer interval

Duration of the interval

Exposure start

Exposure delay after interval start

Exposure stop

Exposure stop related to interval Start

Strobe start

Strobe delay after interval start

Strobe stop

Strobe stop related to interval Start

PWM frequency

Basic duty cycle ( 1 / Hz ) for PWM

PWM change

Demodulation results

In the current GenICam implementation, all values have to be entered in tic values.
1 tic = 15 ns
Every adjustment (times, frequencies) has to be recalculated into tics and done
in tics. See the example below.
When setting “Exposure Start” and “Stop” consider ‘read-out-time’ of thesensor. It has to be within the Sequencer interval.
For physical input and output connections refer to pin-out or specifications or
see example below. After trigger signal all programmed intervals will start. Up to
16 intervals can be programmed.
Sequencer settings can be saved to camera EEPROM.

ExampleFor demonstration, imagine following task to be done:
Scenario

An object should be inspected with a monochrome camera. For accentuating different aspects of the image, 4 images should be taken in a row with 4 different
colours of light: Red, Green, Blue, White. White light should be generated fromthe RGB lights being activated at the same time. Basis is a dark environment
without other light sources.
Camera wiringll

6 Feature description

3 LED lights are physically connected to the camera on out 0-2 (red, green,blue)
Out 3 is not used75

I/O matrixll

4 images to be taken (RGBW) result in 4 sequences
RGB PWM change with different intensities (duty cycle) taking care for differences in spectral response of the camera sensorl

PWM change 0-2 is connected to out 0-2l

Seq pulse A is driving the exposure (trigger)l

Seq pulse B is driving the strobel

Seq pulse B in WHITE sequence is reduced down to 33% as light intensities of 3 lights (RGB) will add up

Notes
l

l

l

l

Different exposure / strobe timings are used for illustration. In most cases
they will show values same as exposure
The resulting exposure time shows the period of sensor light exposure.
("masking" of exposure time by creating strobe light impulses shorter than
exposure time). This value is not adjustable at the camera
PWM change is shown with reduced height for demonstrating reduced
intensity. In reality though, PWM change will be full height (full voltage,
shunt resistor might be necessary) with the adjusted duty cycle
Use a PWM frequency high enough not to interfere with your timings (here:
1000 Hz)Scenario values

Interval 0(RED)

Interval 1(GREEN)Interval 2(BLUE)

Interval 3(WHITE)

Sequencer Interval

1000 ms

1000 ms

1000 ms

1000 ms

Seq pulse A start

0 ms

0 ms

100 ms0 ms

Seq pulse A stop

100 ms

300 ms

300 ms

100 msSeq pulse B start

0 ms

100 ms200 ms0 ms

Seq pulse B stop

100 ms200 ms

300 ms

33 ms

PWM Frequency f1000 Hz

1000 Hz

1000 Hz

1000 HzPWM change 0 (RED)

100%

0%

0%

100%

PWM change 1(GREEN)

0%

70%

0%

70%

PWM change 2 (BLUE)

0%

0%

80%

80%

PWM change 3

-

-

-

-

As stated before, all these values have to be entered into the camera’s
GenICam tree as tic values.
The timing values translate like this into tics:

6 Feature description76Values to set in GenICam prop- Interval 0
erties(RED)

Interval 1(GREEN)Interval 2(BLUE)

Interval 3(WHITE)

Sequencer Interval

66666667 tic(1000 ms)

66666667 tic(1000 ms)

66666667 tic(1000 ms)

66666667 tic(1000 ms)

0 tic
(0 ms)

0 tic(0 ms)

6666667 tic(100 ms)

0 tic(0 ms)

6666667 tic(100 ms)

20000000 tic(300 ms)

20000000 tic(300 ms)

6666667 tic(100 ms)

0 tic(0 ms)

6666667 tic(100 ms)

13333333 tic(200 ms)

0 tic(0 ms)

Seq pulse B stop

6666667 tic(100 ms)

13333333 tic(200 ms)

20000000 tic(300 ms)

2200000 tic(33 ms)

Effective exposure time

100 ms

100 ms

100 ms

33 ms

PWM Frequency f

66667 tic
(1000 Hz)

66667 tic
(1000 Hz)

66667 tic
(1000 Hz)

66667 tic
(1000 Hz)PWM change 0 (RED)66667 tic
(100% of 1000
Hz)

0 tic

0 tic

66667 tic
(100% of 1000
Hz)

PWM change 1 (GREEN)

0 tic

46667 tic
0 tic
(70% of 1000 Hz)

PWM change 2 (BLUE)

0 tic

0 tic

53333 tic
(80% of 1000
Hz)53333 tic
(80% of 1000
Hz)

PWM change 3

-

-

-

-

Seq pulse A start
Seq pulse A stop

Seq pulse B start

46667 tic
(70% of 1000
Hz)

In a timings diagram, the sequence values above will look like the following diagram.

Fig.: 6-37: Sequencer timing diagram

6 Feature description

77Sequencer setup with SVCapture
Starting with SVCapture 2.5.2, there is a sequencer assistant, providing easy
setup of the sequencer settings. The assistant will help you to setup timings forstart exposure and lighting and so on. The PWMs are connected to the physicaloutputs (e.g. for driving LED lights)..
For making the sequencer work in general, have a look into the GenICam tree
or even more simple into the I/O assistant. Connect the I/O lines as below.

You may start the sequence with a hardware trigger input signal (sequencer isconnected to Input 1). As an alternative you might use a software trigger. For
software trigger setup, adjust as below:

6 Feature description

78

Feature nameFeature value

Acquisition Control Acquisition Mode

Continuous

Acquisition Control –Trigger Selector Trigger Mode
Acquisition Control –Trigger Selector Trigger Source
Acquisition Control –Trigger Selector –Exposure Mode
Enhanced IO –PWMEnable
Enhanced IO –SeqEnable

On
Line 1

Trigger WidthOn

On

The Exposure mode „trigger width“ makes exposure start at a certain timing(Seq pulse A) and stop at Seq pulse B. In the GenICam tree this will reflect asfollowing:

6 Feature description

796.3.6

Optical input
In many trigger signals you find noise, transients and voltage spikes. These areable to damage components in the camera and trigger signal interpretation
might be difficult.
An optical input separates the electrical trigger and camera circuits. The benefitof such an optical input is to avoid all these kinds of interaction from powersources or switches. The disadvantage of an optical input is that it is slower interms of signal transmission and slew rate than a direct electrical connection.
If you need super fast response from the camera, direct electrical access is yourchoice. If your camera trigger is in the ms range or slower, we recommend touse the optical input.
An optical input needs some current for operation. The SVS-Vistek optical input
is specified to 5-24 V, 8 mA.

Fig.: 6-38: Optical input

The optocoupler galvanically separates electrical circuits by emitting light on
one side and interpreting light in the other. There is no direct electric interaction
between both electrical circuits.

6.3.7

PLC / Logical operation on inputs
The logic input combines trigger signals with Boolean algorithms. The camera
provides AND, NAND, OR, NOR, XOR, XNOR as below. You might combine
combine true/false states of the inputs to determine camera actions. The result
can be connected to a camera trigger signal or it may be source for the next
logical operation with another input. It is possible to connect it to an OUT line aswell.

6 Feature description80

Do it in the GenICam tree

The logic function always combines the values of Digital IO InputA/LogicA and
InputB/LogicB. In case of the Trigger enable logic function, LogicB is the trigger
enable signal and will be combined with LogicA value.
AND

NAND

OR

NOR

XOR

XNOR

ABY

ABY

ABY

ABY

ABY

ABY

|0|0|0||0|0|1||0|0|0||0|0|1||0|0|0||0|0|1||0|1|0||0|1|1||0|1|1||0|1|0||0|1|1||0|1|0||1|0|0||1|0|1||1|0|1||1|0|0||1|0|1||1|0|0||1|1|1||1|1|0||1|1|1||1|1|0||1|1|0||1|1|1|

Table: 6-4: Truth table of logic function

NOTICE

6 Feature description

Expert view of the GenICam tree has to be activated to see logic functions.

816.3.8

Serial data interfaces(ANSI EIA/) TIA-232-F
RS-232 and RS-422 (from EIA, read as Radio Sector or commonly as Recommended Standard) are technical standards to specify electrical characteristics
of digital signaling circuits. Serial connection might be used to control SVCams.
These signals are used to send low-power data signals to control exposure,light or lenses (MFT). Usage scenario is a control possibility without network.
Be aware of low connection speed.
Serial interface parameter

RS-232

RS-422

Maximum open-circuit voltage

±25 V

±6 V

Max differential voltage

25 V

10 V

Min. signal range

±3 V

2V

Max. signal range

±15V

10 V

Table: 6-5: Serial interface parameters – RS-232 and RS-422

INFO

See your camera data sheet regarding its serial capabilities.
Data transport is always asynchronous. Synchronization is implemented by fist
and last bit of a package. Data rate (bits per second) must be defined before
transmission.

RS232
RS232 is split into 2 lines receiving and transferring data.
l

RXD: receive datal

TXD: transmit data

Signal voltage values are:

INFO

l

Low: -3 … -15 Vl

High: +3 … +15 V

For restrictions, refer to table of serial interface parameter above.
Packaging data into containers (adding start and stop bits) is implemented by
the UART (Universal Asynchronous Receiver Transmitter).

Fig.: 6-39: UART encoding of a data stream

6 Feature description

82

6.3.9Trigger-edge sensitivity
Trigger-edge sensitivity is implemented by a “Schmitt trigger”. Instead of triggering to a certain value, the Schmitt trigger provides a threshold.

Fig.: 6-40: Schmitt trigger noise suppression

6 Feature description

836.3.10

Debouncing trigger signals
Bounces or glitches caused by a switch can be avoided by software within the
SVCam.

Fig.: 6-41: Bounces or glitches caused by a switch

Therefore the signal will not be accepted until it lasts at least a certain time.
> Use the IO Assignment tool to place and enable the debouncer module inbetween the “trigger” (Schmitt trigger) and the input source (e.g.: line 1).
The “DebouncDuration” register can be set in multiples of 15 ns (implement ofsystem clock), e.g. 66 666 ≈ 1 ms

Fig.: 6-42: Debouncer between the trigger source and trigger

6 Feature description

84Input 1 debounce time here is about 1ms.

The debouncer module

Fig.: 6-43: The debouncer module

6 Feature description

85

6.3.11

Prescale
The Prescale function can be used for masking off input pulses by applying adivisor with a 4-bit word, resulting in 16 unique settings.
lReducing count of interpreted trigger signall

Use the prescale function to ignore a certain count of trigger signals.

l

Divide the amount of trigger signals by setting a divisor.

lMaximum value for prescale divisor: is 16 (4 bit)Fig.: 6-44: Prescale values and their result on trigger signal

The prescale module

Fig.: 6-45: The prescale module

6 Feature description

86

7

Dimensions

INFO

All length units in mm.
Find the technical drawings in the web download area athttps://www.svs-vistek.com/en/support/svs-support-download-center.php
CAD step files available with valid login at SVS-VISTEK.com

7.1

C-mount
C-mount back focus distance from sensor to lens is 17.526 mm. The camera isfitted with a standard C-mount threading.
lDiameter: 1 inchl

Screw threading: 1/32 inch

C-mount cameras only accept C mount lenses as the flange to sensor distancedoes not allow a CS mount lens close enough to the Sensor to achieve afocused image.
Optical path length is calculated including IR or dust protection glass. Removing
the glass will affect optical path length.

Fig.: 7-1: C-mount

7 Dimensions

87

7.2

7 Dimensions

fxo540, fxo541, fxo542, fxo545, fxo546, fxo547

88

7 Dimensions89

7 Dimensions

90

7.3

7 Dimensions

fxo99091

7 Dimensions92

7 Dimensions

938

Appendix

8.1

I/O driver circuit schematics
Camera power supply and power supply for PWM out is 25V max. Power for
PWM out has to be supplied via Hirose connector. The open drain outputs areledged to ground, that means you connect your LED on the positive side to your(light-)power source, the negative LED connector goes to the camera out. This
setup requires common ground.

Fig.: 8-1: I/O driver circuit schematics

8 Appendix

94

8.2

8 Appendix

IP protection classes

95

IP Protection Classes is a classification system regarding the kindof environment influences which might do harm to your product.

8 Appendix

96

FirstDigit

SecondDigit

Brief description

Definition0

Not protected-

1

Protected against A probing object, a ball of 50mm insolid foreign
diameter, must not enter or penetrateobjects,
the enclosure
50 mm and larger
Protected against
A probing object, a ball of 12.5mm insolid foreign
diameter, must not enter or penetrateobjects, 12.5 mm
the enclosureand larger

2

3

Protected against A probing object, a ball of 2.5mm insolid foreign
diameter, must not penetrate at all
objects,
2.5 mm and larger

4

Protected against A probing object, a ball of 1mm in diasolid foreign
meter, must not penetrate at all
objects,
1.0 mm and larger

5

Protected against The ingress of dust is not completly
dust
prevented. The quantity of dust thatenters not impair the safety or satisfactory operation of the equipment

6

Dustproof

No ingress of dust

Not protectedagainst liquids

-

0

1

2

3
4

5

8 Appendix

Vertically falling droplets must notProtected against have any harmful effect when thewater droplets
enclosure is at an angle of 15° eitherside of the verticalProtected against Droplets falling vertically must notwater droplets
have any harmful effect with enclosure at an angle of 15° either side of
the vertical
Water sprayed at any angle of up to
Protected against
60° either side of the vertical mustspray water
not have any harmful effectProtected against Water splashing against the encloswater splashes
ure from any angle must not have
any harmful effectProtected against Water jets directed at the enclosure
from any angle must not have any
water jets

97

FirstDigit

SecondDigit

Brief description

Definition
harmful effect

6

7

8

Protected against Powerful water jets directed against
powerful water
the enclosure from any angle mustjets
not have any harmful effect
Water must not enter the equipment
Protected against
in amounts that can have a harmful
the effect of brief
effect if the enclosure is briefly subsubmersion inmerged in water under standardisedwaterpressure and time conditions
Protected against
the effect of continuous submersion in water

Water must not enter the equipmentin amounts that can have a harmful
effect if the enclosure is continuously
submerged in water.
The conditions must be agreed
between the manufacturer and theuser. The conditions must, however,be more severe than code 7

9K

8 Appendix

Protected against Water directed at the enclosure fromwater from high- any angle under high pressure mustpressure andnot have any harmful effectsteam jet cleaning

98

SVS-VISTEK GmbH
Mühlbachstr. 20
82229 Seefeld
Phone: +49 (0) 81 52 9985-0
https://www.svs-vistek.com
info@svs-vistek.com© June-2021