J UITIPT]LOIDEA OF THE TONGAiiiRO I{ATIONAL PARI{ A}iI)
Lri-IA K L-r\-tr D i ST R i Cl', 5 il l'J Ztr A L A N D { t I P?E RA'}llr ttii l :t!- r t.i;.' ,!' 1,,,:t,.:r .: !t- _..,':' i tl

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f::f:tll tt i i-Ii I Ll I, Pl ]: i .l i ] I,' it )."A I- {i Ir Si_'i ll !. CI
f'ulrli:he,,i bi- tlt Eurea'rr cl Science ol liie Philippine Gol'ernmelt
l,Iatriia, P" I.
Yolumc :i8, Nc,. 2, February, 1l)2!

--.i-i-\i Il,-{ii L RIi.\ L a,l- !'ltl:iTI\C
2 J:lti.3

I

Tun PUIIIPPINEoF Sctnxcn
JounNAL
Vol. 38FEBRUARY, 1929

No. 2

PARK ANDTIPULOIDEA OF THE TONGARIRONATiONAL(DIPTERA)OHAKUNE DISTRICT, NEW ZEALAND
By Cnanr,us P. Ar,ux.trHonn
gg, M assachusetts A gt'icultur uL C
Of the DePurtment of E ntomolo
Amlterst

olleg eONE TEXT T'IGURE
INTRODUCTION

flies of the immediate
The detailed knowledge of the crane
Wellington Province'
Ruapehu'uiJnitv of Ohakunu u,,J Mountthrough the unavailable
New lealancl, that has norv become
other collectors'
fewaliti"g efforts of Mr. Thomas R' Harris andspecies'well warrants the publication of a list of thefrom the vicinity of
The first spe.imm* that were receivednu"p.ftowerecollectedbyMr'MorrisN'WattinJanuary'1921' thesouthwest side of_i""g trr" trail to the mountain hut on thebeech
The flies were taken in the zone of silver
mountain.
'(N;;i;i;s*followingthemenzi'esii'Hooker f') and included
Disco.bola tesspecies: Macromastin f ermt'ginosarunPehuensts'
Gynoplistio (Cero,iloio, Z eland,om.yinrau,pehttettsts,Z' .tuatti,
Ceratochetlusocht'aceunt' and MoLohud'sotti ltemiptera,-the,iit"i
species described by the writerpttilus Latipenni's. All of
llr' lVatt's material'
were based either rvholly or in part on
1922,Mr' watt antl
earlyJanuary,
In late December,1921, andthis time on
fflr. CotfrUert C. Fenwick again visited Ruapehu'
the vicinity
in
m'ade
tvere
the northern side, ancl collections
feet' where
3'700of
altitudeof their camp at an approximate
to interbegin
scoriaalpinethe beech forest, tussoct<land, andminglewithoneunotr'.".TheTipulidecollectedatthistimez Motophi.tusfl,agelli'fer,included the following undescribed forms
as well as sevgraci,Ii,sentis,
M. ni,ueici,nctn, and Amphi,netwus
2ggerzI57

158

The Phi,Iippine Journal of Science$zseral speciesthat had been previously described and are rcc:orded
later in the present paper. The various excursions undr.taken
by Harris to the camp on Ruapehu are discussed untler thesecond part of this paper. The few crane flies that were takenin this region by Hudson in 1912 were listed the following year.'Hudson's secondtrip to Ruapehu, in company with his daughter,
Miss stella Hudson, in 1922, included a few additional novelties
that were taken in the vicinity of the Whakapapa camp on thenorthern side of Ruapehu at an approximate altitude of g,zoo
feet and have been described by Edwards; these are Macromnstir birui'ttata, M. elongato, and Gynoplistia (Gynopti.stio) orophita.
The first Harris collections that were received by the writerwere kindly sent by Dr. James W. Campbell, and included only
a few miscellaneous species that had been taken by Harris in
the vicinity of Ohakune in 1g19 and 1920. Strange to say, thesedesultory collections included a few species,chiefly of the genus
Ggnopltstia, that were not rediscovered during the subsequentsystematic combing of the region by Mr. Harris, beginningin the early spring of 1921 and continued until 1926. Thesevarious Harris collections, made in the near vicinity of ohakune
and in Tongariro Park on Mount Ruapehu constitute the basis
for the present list. A simple expression of thanks for theuntiring efforts of Mr. Harris in making known the fascinating
tipulid fauna of New zealand seems but inadequate reward forthe long hours spent afield and at home preparing the material.
The writer can honestly state that never has he enjoyed suchcapable cociperation in the development of a local faunal list
and such intelligent appreciation of the problems to be met as
has come from Mr. Harris, to whom ail credit is given for the
results obtained during this study. This abundant material
has rendered the writer's task a comparatively easy one.
GEOG&APHICAL
LIMITS ADOPTEDIN THE PBESENTREPORT
Mr. Harris has suggested the foilowing geographical rimits,which are herein adopted: "I would reckon the ohatune district to extend from waimarino, 1g miles to the north (ofOhakune), to Waiouru, lZ miles to the south, and back to
Mount Ruapehu. You then have a natural boundary of tussocks
and plain on both sides.', (See fig. 1.) Acting upon thissuggestion, the writer has adopted a circular area having an'Trans. N. Z. Inst. 45 (1918) b?-62.

Alenander: Tipuloi,ileaof New Zeal,anil

159.IfiAJMARINO

$r
sI
q. l

€l
,$

Ruapehu

Subalpine scrub

HoRoPrro,..f_/w"r"%"e,$aetihiHill
6to*,r*"
\-9

Frc.

1,

(

i"t
stePPeGrasstand'r, rlf'

Park, North Islmd, New Zealatd.
The location
Ohakun€ district and Trcngarimby the sbaded circle in the index map.
and the area of tbe park are indieted

18-mile radius from Ohakune as a center, thus including approximately 1,000 square r4iles, although the actual area uponwhich collections have been made presumably'$/ould not inc,lude160

The Philippine Jotnnal of Sci,ence

1e2e

a tenth of that amount. As might be expected, the principal
collections have been made while on short trips arvay fromhome in the immediate vicinity of Ohakune. Other collections
have been made along Mangawhero River, along the slopes andon the summit of Raetihi Hill, and at various stations along
the Main Trunk Railway from Waimarino to Waiouru, chiefly
at Horopito and Karioi. The average altitude at which the Ohakune collections lvere made has been given as 2,060 feet, furnishing a good basis for comparison with the rather numerous
specimens from the slopes of Mount Ruapehu at altitudes betrveen 3,000 and 4,500 feet.
PHYSICALGEOGRAPHY, CLIMATE, AND VEGETATION

Mr. Randal Mundy, botanist, resident of Ohakune for several
years, has very kindly supplied me with instructive data regarding the physical features of the country, the rainfall, insolation,
These data are grven herewith in orderand other information.
that the conditions under whieh this abundant and remarkablecrane-fly fauna exists may be fully appreciated.
Character of countrg.-The cone of Ruapehu consists of volcanic rocks, andesitic lava, scoria, lapilli, etc., whieh, on thelower slopes, have been greatly disintegrated so that at the baseof the mountain the surface cover shows an outer thin layer ofscoria and lapilli overlying a sand layer, and below this a clayey
sand rvith included rock fragments.
In the area covered by the mixed rain forest, the groundshorvs a rich. loose, blackish brown humus soil, 1 to 2 feet thick,overll-ing a stratum of reddish brown sandy clay, I to 2 feetthick, rrhich again rests upon 3 to 4 feet of stiff buff clay
rvhich often lies on a bluish rvhite calcareous mud rock known
as "papa-rock." Thus in the forest region, below the depth of
3 to 4 feet, there is a stiff subsoil forming a hardpan into which
the tree roots have a hard task to penetrate. Hene.ethe big
trees have no taproots but many wide-spreading superfieialroots, and as a consequenceare readily overthrown by strong
winds or earthquake shocks. This statement is supported by
the fact that the bush floor is everywhere littered by great
fa,llen trunks shorving all stages of decay and making progress
through the forest an arduous task.
years ago (about 1904) all the land
Rai,nfall.-Twenty-fivearound Ohakune was densely forested and had an annual rainfall of nearly 100 inches in the neighborhood of the numerous
hill ridges. North of Ohakune for a distance of 9 miles, the8,2

Alerander: Ti,puloifi,eaof New Zealand,161

virgin forest is still intact save for the depredations of wandering cattle, and this hummocky bushed area probably has arainfall of 80 inches or more annually, the rain being fairly
equally distributed throughout the year. In the cleared areas
the rainfall is much lower. The fall for the years 1919 to 1921
was as follows: 1919, 41.42inches; L920,59.7 inches ; 192L, 50.92
inches. This total of L52.04 inches gives an average of 50.7
inches annually for the open township free from bush.
Seasons.-The climate of the Ohakune Plateau is a mild temperate one. The four seasons are experienced here but are notso well-marked as in colder latitudes. Summer temperatures
range from 70'to 80'F. or over; the heavy bush is cooler thanthe open. Spring and fall are mild and pleasant. Winter isnever very severe, the mercury rarely falling below 20o F.;
but, owing to the high elevation and frequent clear skies, keennight frosts occur in winter and, at times, in spring and fall.
These hoar frosts are common in the open cleared land, earlyin the morning, with the formation of perpendicular ice prisms
upon the ground surface. There are usually very few snowfalls
about Ohakune. In 1920 there were but two snowfalls, one of
4 or 5 inches, the other of about 2 inches, which were soon
melted by the sun. In 1921 there was a single snowfall of
about 2 inches. Harris kept a detailed weather report from
May, 1922, to lIaS-, 1923, and this indieates frosty days from
April through September. This fact and the account of winterconditions in the bush. discussedbelorr, becomesof great value
in a consideration of the winter crane flies discussed under a
Iater caption.
Wi,nils.-The prevailing wind is from the west or northwest
and it brings heavy rain. South winds bring cold. Easterly(east and northeast) rvinds bring clear skies and fine, dry days.
Insolati,on.-At the elevation of Ohakune, the heating powerof the sun's rays is very great, even in winter, but after sunset
there is a sudden drop in the temperature. The proportion ofsunny days is high. In summer, daylight lasts from 4 a. m. to
8.30 p. m. In winter it lasts from about 6.30 a. m. to 5 p. m.
Wi.nter conditions in the bush.-In the tall, thick rain forest,
owing to the close, overhead foliage cover of the great taxad
trees, extremes of temperature are not felt, and throughout theyear the forest temperature is fairly equable. In the coldest
part of winter, when all the eleared land may be enduring hard
frosts, the forest interior has the appearance of a vast conservatory stocked with healthy green vegetation and with no sign

L6Z

The Pluili,ppine Journa,l of Sci,encetszs

of frost except where, owing to a fall of trees, the bush floor lies
open to the sky. In the bush, too, there is no general leaf fallat the cold season of the year, the trees, shrubs, and herbs(with the exception of the fuchsias and ground orchids) retaining their foliage throughout the winter and shedding it almost
imperceptibly long after the following spring has clothed themwith foliage. Thus, even in the coldest weather, in the shelterof the bush, the lower forms of animal life are not subjected tovery rigorous conditions.
vegetation-It
is well-known that crane flies are lovers ofrich vegetation, usually near running or standing water. Definite groups or associations of crane-fly species are found tofrequent equally definite plant societies or associations, and thisinterrelationship is often welrl marked. No serious attempt canbe made to correlate insect societies without a careful study ofthe plant associations, and for this reason, a general account of
the vegetation of the places where the Harris collections weremade is given. The notes are based on extensive data senc
me by Mr. Randal Mundy, to whom my sincere thanks areextended. For more-detailed accounts of the plant ecology, thestudent is referred to three recent and comprehensive repoits.,
The lower levels of the Ohakune section, at altitudes ranging
from 2,000 to 3,000 feet, support a dense, lofty, evergreen, mixed
rain forest that almost rivals a semitropical forest in its luxuriance. Above the 3,000-foot contour, however, the characterof the forest changes, the mixed forest giving way to the beech
forest which extends to the mountain hut on the base of Ruapehu(4,550 feet).
The mircd rtin forestfrom the open at a distance of-Seenhalf a mile, the rain forestshows a fairry even contour rine
about 80 to 90 feet above the ground and stands out as a rather
somber, sepia-tinted mass of foliage. seen closer, the forest
has a dark yellow-green color, caused by the dominance of thegreat taxad trees-rimu(Dacrgd,ium cupress,inum), matal (podocalus spicalus), miro (P. ferntgineras), kahikut" g. dacrgdi,oidzs), and totara (P. totara)-whichreach an average heishtof 80 to 90 feet, though individual trees may be more than 100
feet in height. These characteristic trees grow intermixed
and make up the great bulk of the forest, forming the sheltering'Cockalrre, L., Vegetation of New Zealand. (1921) 1-364 and Report ona- Botanical Survey of the Tongariro National park (190g) t_+Z._f"rr_
sington, W. C., Forestry in New Zealand, (1909) 1-11g.

e;2

Alerand'er: Tipul,oidea of New Zealan'd163

top cover. All other tree spqcies are merely secondary in thecomposifion of the forest and have to fit themselves in as best
they can among the big conifers.
On entering the shady, humid "bush" one is bewildered by its
dense lush greenery which shuts out all view beyond a distanceof 20 to 30 yards. one notes that the tree heads are arranged
approximately in three tiers of foliage. The first, or upper'
tiei is formed by ttre tall conifers, as given above; the second
tier consists of the heads of trees 40 to 60 feet high; for example,
hinau, pokaka, black maire, Wei'nmannia racentoso, tawa, andGri,sel,i,neali'ttaralis; the third tier, averaging from 20 to 30
feet in height, usually shows intermixed Melicutw rami,flwtts,
I o"c orw od,etus serr atus, P i,tttosporu,rn col ms oi,, Aris t ot eli a r onen1,oed'N'
colerwoi,N.
fuinxA encwticata, Noth'oponan atboreum,
gerlegi,, Scheffi,era d;i,gi,tala,, Pseud'opanmr crasstf olhhn, Myrine
saki,ci,na,and P ennsntia corgmb osa.
Below these three tiers of trees occur several species of shrubs,
varying in height from 5 to 15 feet, the commonest of which are
Dri,mgs coloroto, D. afriltert's, Meh'cope sim,plen, Mgrfus peiluncu'
lata, N othopaMLfr anomalu'm, L ew opog on f usci'culatus, Suttoruia
d,i,aaricata, Coprosmn grand'ifolin, C. robusta, C. ten"ui'foli'a, C'
Iucid,a, C. rotund;i'fol:in, C. rhamnoi'des, C. foetid'i'ssi'mm, Brachggtottis, Paratrophi's, and Alseuosmia macrophulla, In addition,
there is a plentiful sprinkling of handsome tree ferns, from 4 to
20 feet high, of the four species Cgath,ea d,e'albata,Di;cksonia
fibrosa, D. squmr'ros{l,and Hemitelia, srni'thi'i'
The ground eover consists chiefly of big tufts of a coarse fern,
Loma,rin d;iscolor, or, in very damp places, of dense tufts ofharsh Polgstichum Qestitum ferns, along with many tufts ofthe beautiful single- or double-crape ferns, Todea hymeno-phglIn better-il'luminated areas the groundIoid,esand ?. swetba.
is covered with clumps of bush grass, and in the intervening:
spaces grow filmy ferns, mosses, and hosts of Coryosnxo seedlings. There are, in addition, many lianes and epiphytes, giving
to the bush vegetation a somewhat tropical appearance'and one-half miles up the
The upper beech forest,-Four
Ruapehu- irack, at an elevation of about 2,900 feet, the large
trees of the mixed forest gradually disappear, giving way to analmost pure beech forest, which extends for another four and oneha,,lf miles to the mountain hut at an altitude of 4,550 feet on
the lower slopes of Ruapehu. This beech forest is composedof four species which follow one another, in a rather indefinite

L64

The Philippi,ne Journal of Science

1e2e

zonal artangement, as one approaches the mountain. Thus,
where the mixed forest reaches its upper limit, big trees ofNothofagus solond,ri,become common and these are succeededin
turn by belts of N. fu,sca, N. mpnaiesii,, and N, cliffortioi.d,es, thelast species reaching, with gradually dwindling height, to themountain hut. At about 8,000 feet Liboced,mts bid,willii puts in
an appearance, and is scattered throughout the beech zones up
to the 4,500-foot level. At the 8,100-foot contour nearly aiof the tree and shrub species of the lower mixed forest havedisappeared and a new assemblag:eof small trees and shrubs
appears among the beeches; thus we find as characteristic species
an abundance of Nothopana,fi colensoi, phyttocladus alpi,ruts, Co_pros'nur euneata, Dacrgdi,um bi,fmme, D, bi,itwi,Ih,i,D. colensoi,,
D. intermedium, Nothopanan, si;mplen, N. puratnn, Coprosma
foetidissima, Grisel;inia li,ttordis, and the big tufted sed,ie Gahni.a pauci.flora.
The trail to the mountain hut extends from ohakune station
through the three beech zones and subalpine conditions to thehut itself. The vegetation in the vicinity of the hut consistsof shrubby mountain beech (N. clifwtioid,es), certain Epacrid_a,cw (Dracophyllum spp.), and grasses. The details of thesubalpine Tipulide are given in the following section.
Mr. Mundy writes that Harris g:athers most of his material
by sweeping with his net the low underscrub of the forest, thisinoluding the various coprasma species, Leucopogan fasci,culo.
tus, the ferns, Lomnria iltscolor and polystichum uestitum, crape
ferns, Melicytns ramiflorus, Nothopanna, Drim,gs, and bush
gTass.
SEASONALDISTBIBUTION
Nothing has been recorded concerning the seasonal appearance of crane flies in any country in the Southern Hemisphere,
and consequently the following data that have been derived
from the present study are of especial value. As a basis forcomparison, available records for the mountain hut and beech
zones on Ruapehu, the higher slopes and summit of Raetihi Hill,
and the red beech fo'rest at Karioi are given. A special caption
on Winter Tipuloidea is supplied.
MOUNTBUAPEHU
Ruapehu is an old volcano, supposed to be extinct, but still
showing some thermal activity in the form of a hot Iake atthe bottom of ifs old crater. It is g,1?5 feet above sea level,
or approximately ?,000 feet higher than the Ohakune plateau.

x,zAlerander:

Tipuloi.dea of New Zea'Iand,

165

There are a few glaciers and snow upon the upper 2,000 feetof the summit region all the year round, but in winter the snowline descendsto about the 5,000-foot contour line. The lower
slopes of Ruapehu are deeply gullied, and from the radiatinggullies many small rivers pour dott'n. One of these, the Mangawhero, flows through Ohakune.
In order to compare the lower altitudes and rain-forest conditions obtaining: near Ohakune, the material taken in the near
vicinity of the mountain hut (4,550 feet) and along the trail tothe hut (3,000 to 4,000 feet) by Harris and Watt is summarized.
The latter collections are especially valuable as including thezones of red beech (Nothofagw fusca), silver beech (N. mew
zi,esi,i,),and mountain beech (N, cl;tfforti,otd,es);the last as anarrow belt between 3,700 and 4,000 feet, but with stunted trees
to the hut.
Harris made four trips to the mountain hut (February 25-28,
t922; January 12-15, \923; January 4-6, L924; January 20-21,
1924\. It is rather unfortunate that no very fine weather was
experienced by Harris on any of these trips, and the material
that was taken was almost invariably the result of hurried collections between showers or at short intervals betrveen violent
wind storms.
Januarg(rntid,wmm.er\ records from near the nnuntaht hut (4,000 to t*,500
feetl in the zone of low scntb and grass steppe.

Dolichopeza atropos.
Macromasti,n femuginosa ruapehuensis.
Macromust'i.& fucata.
Limonia (Di.cranomyia) anrrulifera.
Limonia (Dicranoryia)
megastigm.osa.
Limoni.a (Dicranomginl sperata.
(Dicranomgia)
Li.monia
ueschei.
Discobol,a ampla.
Aus tr olimno phila ar g u s.
M et alimno p hi.Ia miri.f, ca.
Z elanilomgia, p entho pt er a.
Z elanilom,gia ruapehuensis,
Zelandomgia uatti.
Ischnothrin connefia,
E lep hanto my ia ruap ehu ensi.s.

Elephantornyia zealandica.
Aphrophilaneozeland,i.ca.
Molophi.lus flagelli'fer.
Molophi,lus hanisinnu's.
Molophi'Iusirregularis.
Molophilus latipennis.
Molophi.Ius tnorosus.
Molophilus pulcherr'imas.
Molophi'IzLs uniplagiatus.
(Amphinettrus)
Amphineuruslyritormis.
(Amphineunts)
Amphineurtts
sener.
Am4hineurus (** esorntosia) f at|.Lua.
(-\oflrornrosio)
Amphineurusgracilisentis,(Nothormosi,a'1
AmpltineurtLs
harrisi,

The record of species taken along the trail, chiefly in thebeech zones, is more extensive than the above, and is especially

166

The Philippi,ne Journal of Scienceleze

valuable as a basis for comparison with the lower ber, ir zones
at Karioi, and the summit of Raetihi Hill.
Januarg (miilsttnnter)records along the track to the hut (g,1t)ij to 4,O0A
feet), tltrotqh, the beeclt forests (Nothofagus spp., Li,bocedr.us,
and, others).
Paracluduru nacrotrich,iata.
Dolichope:a pat'uicattd,a.
]Iacronnsti:t
ferru,gi,nosa ru,apehuernis.
Jluet'omastiu ltolochlora,]latronasttu
airi.d,is.
Jlacronnsti:t, lunatu.
Linonia(Zelandoglochina)
harrisi.
Lintoniu(Zeland,oglochina)
huttoni.
Linonia(Zelaniloglochina)rnelanogru.ntma.
Litnonia.
(Dicranomyia)
multispina,
Limonia(Dicranomgia)
reuersa/is.
Ltnonio. (DicranomEia) seducta.
Discobola ampla.
Discobolu tesselata.
Rhantphophila shistra.
Austtolitnnophila argus.
Austrolimtzoplilu cln gsori.hea,
Austrolimnophila leucomelas.
Austrolimnophila marshalli,,
Austroli,mnophila ni,grocincta.
Austrolimnophila
oeulata.
AustroLimnophi,tra sub'interoenta,
Heterolimnophilu trutrcata.
Metalti,m,nophila mirifi,ca.
Metalimmophila proteo.
Zelanilomgia ruetptehuens.ls.
ZelanUomgia watti,
Gynoplistia(paralimnophila)skusei,,RAETIHI

Ggnopl;istia (Ggnoplistia) fimbri,ata.
Ggnop:l,istia (Ggrwpli,stio) lobulif era.
Gynoplistia (Gynoplistia) pleuralis.
Ggnoplistia (Cerazodi,a) hud,soni hemiptera.
Atarbu fiIicotnis.
Elephantomgia raaTtehumsis.
Elephantomyia zealand,ica,
Ceratocheilu,s ochaceum.
Aphrophilu flauopygialis.
Molophilus bi.d.ens.
Moloptui,Ius flagelkfer.
Molopluilus imegul.rtris.
Molophil:us lati.pennis.
Moloplvilus oppositus.
Molophilus uniplagiakrc.
(Amphineurus)
Amphi,neurus
hud,soni,(Ampluineurus)
Am,phineuruslyrif ormis.
Antphineurus(Amphineurus)
seneri.
Am,phineuttts (Nesonnosia) fatuus.
Amph'ineurus(Nothormosia)
Sracilisentis,(Nothorm.osia)
Amphi.neutas
harcisi'.
(Nothormosial
Amphi,neurus'i,nsulsus.

HILL

The following observations are by Mr. Randal Mundy:This steep ridge, tvhich forms a part of the southern boundary of the
Tongariro National Park, lies close to Ohakune and rises to the heightof 2,933 feet, or nearly 1,000 feet above the Ohakune Plateau. The rather
extensive summit is fairly level and shows an almost vertical escar?menoof friable linrestone rock, Both the slopes and the summit are densely38, 2

Aleranrler: Tipuloidea of Netu Zealand,

L67

timbered, bearing the trees and shrubs that are characteristic of the tall
mlxed forest at tbe 2,000-foot level. However, on the slopes, large cont rted rata trees (Jfetrosid,eros robusta) appear in great numbers, intermirgd Fith the big taxads, although they are almost absent from the forest
at tbe base of the ridge; moreover, on the summit, many fine trees ofLiboceilrus bid.utilli.i are met with, just as they are at the 3'000-foot l,evel
Treein tbe beech woods four and one-half miles up the Ruapehu track.
ferrs are fairly common all the way up the ridge but are at their beston the lower slopes where some specimens of Cgathea ilealbata and. Hervitelin' smithii have tnrnks 1'0 to 15 feet high. There is also a sprinklingof Dicksonia squ,clrrosdrbut only an occasional Diclcsonia fibrosa, although
the latter is very courmon in the damp area at the base of the ridge.
On the summit occur fairly big trees of rimu, matai, miro, totara, rata,and Liboceilrus but not growing so close together as in the forest below;
many
black maire (OIea cunni.ngho,rnii) is present in fair quantity;
Weinmannia ro,cenloscLtrees; Notlropanan arboreum, and N. colensoi, together with many of their seedlings; Myrsine sahcin'a; much Brachgglottis
repanila; a fair number of small-sized Carpodetus serratus; numerous
small Fuchsio trees; a few low shrubs of Penn'antia corymbosa,' some
Melicytus rarniflorus ; shrubs of Alseouosmia macrophglla' fairly common; in
damp places, some young shrubs of Scltefi.era iligi,tatu; several big Drimgs
ra,cennoss,; many shrubs of Cowosnla
cotoroto; many small Aristotelin
grunilifolia, and, especially, of C. tmaif olia and' C. fatid.issinna, these threelatter species forming most of the undershrub; big patches of Loma,ria
iliscolor, and, in damp places, of Polgstichum oesti,tum, the tufts of these
two latter species forming a great part of the ground color; many tufts ofsingle- and double-crape fernsl plenty of bush grass; abundance of mossesl
plenty of Asplenium bulbiferum; many filmy ferns on the ground and on
old logs.

Harris visited Raetihi Ridge on December 13 and L4, L922,
and collected in greater detail on November 20 and 30, 1923,
and April 8, L924.
Noaember (late spring) records from the sum,mit and the h'igher
slopes of Baetihi, Rid.ge.
Paracladura lobifera,
D oli,chopeza pa,rcticaud,a.
M acromastin atrid,or sum,
Mo,cromnstin fueata.
Lirnonia (Zeland,ogl.ocfuina) parodisea circumcincta.
Limonia (Z elanilo glo chino) huttoni'.
I'imonia (Zeland,oglochina) melonogramma,(Dicranom,gial
Limoniaa,nn:ttIifera,
Limonia (Dicranomyia)
cuneipennis.

Limoni,a (Dicranomyia) gubernatoria.
(Dicranmngia)
mulI'i,monia
tispina.
Lim,onia (Dict'anomgia) reaersalis.
Limonia (Dicrttnomyia)
semicuned,ta.
Limonia (Dtct'anomyia) subfasciata,(Dicranomyin')
Limonintarsalba,
Discoboln picta.
Discobola tesselata.

168
No,ember

The Pfuilippine Journal of Science(rate spri'n7r

re2e

recor(Is from the summit and. thehi.gher slopes of
R a etihi R iil g e-e ontinued.

Rhampho philn sinistra.
T in emgia mar g aritif er a.
Aus tr olimrto p hila ar g us,Austrolimnophila
chrysomhea.
Austrolimnophila g eographiea.
A u s tr olimnoph ilu mar sh aIIi.
Austrolitnnophila
nig ro cincta.
Aus tr olimno p hila s temmu,
A cant h olimno p hila mn ori ca.
H eterolimno phila ttwncata.
M etalimnop hila how esi..
M etalimnophiln unipun cta.
Ggnoplistia (GUnotttistia) sdc_
keni..

Atarba, fiIicornis.
Atarba oirid,icolor.
Molophitus flageVifer.
M olophilus heu acanthus.
M oIophilus t enuis t g lus.
Amphi,neurus(Amphineunts)
hud,soni.
Amphineurus(Nothormosia\
gracilisentis.
Atnphineurus(Nothormosia\
harrisi.
Amphinettrus(Nothormosia\
insulsus.

April(fall) record,s from, the sum.nuit
and, the slopes of Raetihi Bid.ge'(record,s based on the collecti,onmadrc nprlt-s,-ispi-.""'""
Paraclad,ura obtustcornis.
Ampluineurus (Nesormosio)fa_
P ar acladura macr otri,chiata.
t?rus.
Li.moni,o (Zelandogtochina) euAmphineurus(Nothormosict\
bitalis.
gracilisentis.
Discobola tesselata.
Amphi.newru,s(Nothormosia)
insulsus,

KARIOI_ _The following observafions on conditions at Karioi are by
Mr. Mundy:
Karioi lies about 6 mires eastward of ohakune
and here the forest
ends, giving place to open, grassy, pumice plains.
The Karioi ..bush,,,at an elevation of 2,100 to 2,200 fiet,
consists of beech wooas, wittr
Nothofagtts fusca as the dominant tree, butintermixed witt marry r""e"or N.

cnenziesii.within the rrcods,u. du*p i;;;;;til;'""#'i.,"r"uwhere the bush so' is waterJogged
and cJnsequen'y contains the plant
species that can endure such conditions; forexample, Fuchsia, Scheffiera,
and, Pol*stichum ,estitum,, the last named
being very abundant, withthe tufts nearly touching. when fairlyi" lrri, damp portion, no tufts ofthe common Lomarin d,is.color u". foor,J,
its plrc" being taken by tfte
Polyshichu.m. No taxad trees (rimu,
mi"o, etc.) are found, andblack maire and hinau likewise seem-uiri,
to be absent, but a few young
contorted pokakas are present. Tawa, pennantda,
and, paratro,phisareabsent and the only species of tree fern
to be seen i" n*ir""i"'6broro,
which is here in great numbers.
Many of Harris,s erane flies were
swept from the crowded- clumps of. potgsiichumand. others from beneaththe.dead, drooping fronds of. bicksonialcollectinns made in the red,-beech
forest (No,tofagus rusca) at Karioi.

t6,zAlerander:

Tipuloifl,ea of New Zeuland

EARLY sPRrNc (lovnunrn
Mischoderus a,nnuliferus.
Macromastiu atri.ilorsum.
at'Limonia (Zelaniloglochina)
bital;is.
Lirnonia (Zelaniloglochina) huttoni..
Li,monia (Zelaniloglochina) meIanogramma.
Limoni.a (Dicranom,gia) luteipes.
(Dicranontgiu)
mulLimonin
tispina.
Limoni,a (Dicranongiu) reu-ersalis.
(Dicranonrykr)
tarLimowia
salba.
Discobola tesselata,
Tinemyia mnrgariti.fera,
Austrol:imnophila argus.
cgatheti.
Austrolimnophila
h,u il s o ni
Austrolimnophila
atripes.
g eogr aqhica.
Austrolimnophila

169

7, rs23)mn'orica.
Acantholirmophila
Limnophila quaesi.ta,(Gynoplistia)
luGanoplistia
teicincta.
(G g n o p I i s t i o')Ganoplistia
sackeni.
Atarba uirid,icolor.
Trimicra' ittconstans'
MoloTthilu's flagellifer.
Molophilzts flaaidttlus.
fulolophilus howesi.
trIolophiltts multicinctus'
Ilololthihts plagiatus.
fuIolophilrc su.blateralis.
Molophilus sylaicolus.
(Amphineurus)
Amphineurus
hudsoni.
(Nothormnsia)
Amphi'neut'tts
harrisi.
(Nothormasial
Amphineurus'i,nsu'lsus.

FALL ( APRTLt r , r c : + )Paraclad,uru, mact'otrichiatct,
Paracladura obtusicornis.
Limonia (DicranomEia) gubernatoria.
Limonia (DicranomAia) tristigmata,(Dicro,nomgia)
aicaLimonia
rians.
Nothophila fuscano.

trIololtltilus lu'teipggus'(Nothormosia)
Atnphineurusgracilisentis.
(Nothormosia\
Amphinewus
h'arrisi.
(Notlr'orm'osia)
Amphineunts
insulsus.
(Nothot*mosia)
Amphineunts
nothofagi.

WINTER TIPULOIDEAThe open winters, rvith few snotvfalls and killing frosts,
enable a number of spring and fall species to persist into oreven throughout the rvinter months. A few additional species,
moreover, are eminently characteristic of the winter season.
These are indicated by an asterisk in the accompanying list.
Especially noteworthy are the species of Paracladura, the various Mucroma,st'ir, and the magnificenL Ganoplistia hiemalis.
Paracladura complicata.
Paraclailura lobifera,
Paraclad,ura mawL

Paru'clad'ura obtusi,cornis.
Zelanilotipula noadr&.
* Macromastin binotata.

The Phili,ppine Jornnnl of Science170* Macromastin h,alterata.
* Macromastir longi,oriconuis.
* Macrotnastia monstrata.
* Macromastin sessilis.
* Macromastin simi.lli.ma.
Limonia(Zeland,oglochina)
cubitalis.
Limoni* (Dicranomgia,) agrotd,ns.
Limonia(Dicranomgia)
lutei,pes.
Limorvta (Dicranom.yin)sulphuralis
choloropltglloiiles.
Limonia (Dicranomgia)
aicarians.
Li,monia (Dicranom.gia,) weschei.
Discobola ampla.
Discobola tesselnta.

lizs

Ggnoptistia (paralimnophila)skusei.
* Gynoplistia, (Ggnoptistialhie_malis.
* Ggnoplistia (Ggnoplistia)
ocetlif era.
/1.
Gynop\istia (Gynoptisfia) sac'
I schnothrir con?tefra,.
M ol ophilu s fl aui.d,ulus.
llI oIop hilus nnilticinc tus.
M olophilus ma cr oceru,s.
M olophi,lus tany pus coloratus.
Am,phi.neuru,s (Nothormosia)
graci,lisentis.
Amphineurus(Nothormosia)
harrisi,.
Ampltineurus(Nothormosio'litr,sulsus.

There are severaradditionar speciesof Macrom*stir inNewzealand that are characteristicrvinter species,but thesehave
not yet beentaken in the Ohakunedistrict.
ANNOTATEDLIST OF SPECIESIn the accompanying rist the families and the genera
are arranged in their phylogenetic sequence, so far as thiscan bedetermined at present from a study of the adults arone.
speciesare arranged alphabeticaily under each g:enus. A majorityorthe specieswere originally described from material taken
withinthe faunal limits of the district; each name of suchspecies isfollowed by an asterisk. For a common specieswith
numerous
records a range of dates is given, since to give only
the two extremes would be highly misleading: as to whettrer
ttre species
concerned was actually double brooded or had an unusuallv*ia"seasonaldistribution. The approximate altitude of
all ohakune
records is 2,060 feet.
TANYDERID.;E
t. IIISCHODERUS-A,NNULIFERUS (Entton).

Tanyd,erusannuli.ferus HurroN, Trans. N. Z. Inst. 32 (1900)
4g_49.

The commonestspeciesof the genus. Numerous specimensfrom ohakune, mostly taken by beating in the nusn; occurs
almost throughout the growing season:OctoberZZ, 1g'2i;No_
vember16,December1 and Bl, and February ].g,lg2}; March tl,
1923. In beechforest, Karioi, November7,lg2g.

fi,zTipul,oidea of New Zealand

Alerander:

L|I

2. IIISCEODERUS FORCIPATUS (Osten Sacken).
Tanydertts

forci,patu,sOsrnN

SlcxoN,

Verh.

zool.-bot.

Gesell,Wien

for 18?9,2e (1880)520.
"Found hanging on small bushes near edge of creek. Found
only on two or three nights, but on one night they were fairly
numerous. They were sluggish and easily caught while hanging
by a leg or two to the bushes, mostly low down."-[t6,y,y[6.
Ohakune, October 20, L921.
TRICHOCERID.IE
3. PARACLADURAAPERTA(Alexander).t

Trochocera apertq, ALEXANDER,
Insec. Inscit. Menst. 10 (1922)
198-199.
Type locality:

Ohakune, May 7, 1922.

No additional material

taken.
1. PARACLADURA

COI{PLICATA

Alerander.*Pqlacladtua complicata Aux.e.Noun, Insec. Inscit, Menst. 12( 1924) 13.

Type locality: Ohakune,May 10, 1923.
5. PARACLADURALOBIFERA(Alexander).

Trichncera lobi,fera Alurl'Nunn, Insec. Inscit. Menst. 10 0gZZ\
146-147.
Ohakune, November

14-16, 1922, beating in bush; June 18,

1923. Raetihi Hill, November10, 1923.
6. PABACLADURA MACROTRICEIATA (Alexander),*
Trichncera

rnacrotrich'iafa

Ar,sxAxoER,

Insec.

(t922) 7s9.

Inscit.

Menst.

10

Type locality: Ohakune, April L0, L922, Karioi, in beech
forest, April 14, 1924. Raetihi Hill, April 8, 1924. Ruapehu,
altitude 4,000 feet, January 4, 7924..
7. PARACLADURAMAORI (Aterander).
Trichocera maori
159-160.

AtnxANDEE, Insec, Inscit.

Menst.

9(1921)

Ohakune,May 16, L923; July, 1921.
8. PARACLADURA OBTUSICORNIS (Alexander).*
Trich,ocera

obtusinorni,s(t922) 146.

AmxANoon,

fnsec.

Inscit.

Menst.

1O

Type locality: Ohakune, July, 1921. Ohakune, May 2-10,
1923. Karioi, in beech forest, April 14, 1924. Raetihi Hill,
April 8, 1924.

L72

The Philippine Journal of Science

ts2s

TIPULIDE
TI PULI NAE
T r ib e T IPUL INI
L DOLICEOPEZA (DOLICHOPEZA) ATROPOS (Iludson).
Ti.pula atropos

HuDSoN, Trans.

N. Z. Inst.

27 (1g98)

29b.

Ohakune, November ]3, LgzZ. Ruapehu, 4,b00 feet, February
26, L922. "Caught these at night with a light; they occurredin a damp spot where a small creek flowed over moss into alarger one; one individual flew and setiled low down on thetrunk of a tree, head up, all legs on support, wings spread sqf,."_Harris.
r0" DOLICIOPEZA(DOLICHOPEZA)PARVICAUDA

Edwards.

Dolichopeza
par.uicaud,aEowaRos,Trans. N. Z. Inst. 54 (1928)
330_331.
Ohakune, November B, IgZ1-; November L4_22 and December
I-5, L922. Raetihi Hill, 2,800 feet, December14, 1922; Novem_
ber 20-30, 1923. Ruapehu, beech zone, 3,000 to 4,000 feet,
January t2, L923.
lr. ACRACANTHA (AUSTROTIPULA) IIUDSONI (Eutton).

Pachgrhinahuilsoni.HurroN, Trans.N. Z. Inst. gz (L}OO)24_Zb.
Ohakune, January 8, 1.gZB. ,,Swampy patch in open.',Harrts.
12. ZELANDOTIPULA(Schiner).

NOVARE

TipttlcL noue1.& ScHrNon, Reise der Novara, Dipt.

(1g69) BT.

Ohakune, October 14-27, lg2l; October 7g_ZE, November
20-23, and February B, IgZ2; March 17, "J.\Z ; April 80, l92B;
May 3, 1922; July, 1g21. ,,When at rest usually hold wings
folded over back but sometimes outspread. Occur in many
situations on fences, walls, bushes, sls.,,-Ilclyy,is,13. MACROMASTIX (AUROTIPULA) BMTTATA
lllacromastin

biaittuta

EowlRuS,(1923)629_630.
Type Iocality: Waimarino(Hud,son'1.

Eilwarrls.+
Ann.

&

Mag.

and Kaifoka,

Nat.

Hist.

IX

January,

11

1:gZZ

11. MACROMASTIX (AUROTIPULA) DUX (Kirby).
Ti.pula, d.un Krnsy,

Trans.

Ent.

Soc. London(1994)

2?0_221.

Ohakune,March 7, 1.g?g.
15. MACROITASTIX(AUROTIPULA)FERRUGINOSA

RUAPEEUENSISAICXANdET..

Macromasti.to ferruginosa ruapehuena,s ALE:{ANDoR, Ann, & Mag.
Nat. Hist. IX 1j (1923) 208.

3E,z

r.73

Alenander: Tipuloid,ea of New Zealand,

Type loeality: Ruapehu, 4,000 to 5,000 feet, January, L92I
(Watt).
Ruapehu, 4,000 to 4,500 feet, January 20, L924
(Hamis).
13. IIACROMASTIX (CELOROTIPULA) ELONGATA Edwards.+
Macromastin

elongata

EDwARDS, Ann.

& Mag.

Hist.

Nat.

IX

11

(1e23)630-631.
Type locality: Whakapapa, Ruapehu, 3,700 feet, January 9,t922 (Stella Hu,ilson) .
1?. UACBOMASTIX(CHLOROTIPULA)IIOLOCHLORA(Nowlcll).

trOLOCHLORA

Tipula holochlora Nowtcxl, Beitr. zur Kenntniss der Dipt. Neuseelands (1875) 9.

Ohakune, December 13, t922.
to 4,000 feet, January L2, L923,(CELOROTIPULA)

1?a.HACROMASTIX

Ruapehu, beech forest, 3,000

BOLOCHLORA

Alennder.i

ANGUSTIOR

Macromnstir holochlora angustior Ar,u.lNoon, Ann. & Mag. Nat.
Hist. IX 12 (1923) 2t2.
Type locality: Ohakune, December 31, L922, to January 5,

L923.
18. UACROMASTIX (CULOROTIPULA) VIRIDIS (Walker).
Ti.pulauirid.is

WllruR,

Ins.

Saundersiana,

Dipt.

(1856)

445.

Ohakune, October 27-29, L92L; October 78-29, 7922; November 6-15, t92l; November 26 and January L1-,1922. Raetihi
Hill, 2,800 feet, December L4,1922. Ruapehu, beech zone, 3,000
to 4,000 feet, January 20, t924. "February, I922-Common forsome time past on walls, bushes, and fences. When at resf, thewings are held spread out. Have reared them from pupce foundin decaying vv6r6fl."-flamis.
I9. UACSOMASTIX(MACROMASTIX)ALBIPLAGIAALBIPLAGIA

Alexander.iAnn. & Mag. Nat. Hist. IX
Macromastiu albi'plagia ALEXANDER,
11 (1923) 202403.
Type locality:

Ohakune, January

18 to February

14, L922.

Ohakune,February 3, t922.
Iga,XACROMASTIX(MACROMASTIX)ALBIPLAGIAOBLITERATA

Alereader.rAnn. & Mag. Nat.
albi.plagin'obliterata ALU:r-o.Noun,
Masroma,sti.*Hist. IX 11 (1923)203-204.
Type locality: Ohakune February 9-16,1922. "February 24,
1922-These are very plentiful at present; about fifty on thewalls of the house at dusk to-night, holding on with all the legs,
the wings outspread. They also rest on bushes, weeds, grass,etc., and are rather quick in flight. They flutter actively about,probably seeking their mates."-Il0,7ris.
239912---4

L74

The Philippine Journat of Sci.encetszs

20. uacRollAsTIX(DTACROMASTIX)
ANcusTIcOSTA Atexander.*Macromnstin angusticosta AlDrnNouR, Ann. & Mag.
Nat. Hist. IX
1 I (1923) 110_111.

Ilpe

locality: Ohakune, December 28, l^g?.l.

2r, UACROMASTIX(MACROUASIIX)

ATRIDORSUM AteranrterJ

Macromastin atrid,orsum Ar.uxarom, Ann. & Mag, Nat. Hist. IX
e (1922) 314_315.
Macromastin her"ri"si AlrDr.l.wuDn,Ann. & Mag, Nat. Hist.
IX
10 (1922) 98_99.
Spring.
Type locality: Ohakune, October 10 and November
13, 1921-. Karioi, in beech forest, November 7,lg1g;
very common and variable.
Raetihi Hill, 2,900 feet, November 20_80,

1923.

22. UACROTTASTIX (MACROMASTIX) BINOTATA f,urton.
Macromastin
bimotata IfurroN,
Trans. N. Z. Inst.

92(1900)

82.

Late fall and winter. Ohakune, May 11_80, lrg}Z; May 16
and June 13, 1923. "These are the first of the winter tipulids.
The males are found on fences during the daytime, lejs andwings outspread. The nearry wingless femares were found in
the mill, around stacked timber, not far above f,he groundfollowing a hard frost. one isorated femare laid 2bg eggs.
Thinking that possibly I might find them mating at night, I
spent an hour and a half searching the same place one night
last week. r came across one female about four feet above theground, the highest I have yet found them. The numerous
blackish eggs are very hard so one courd walk on them on the groundwithout breaking them.,,-H onris.
23. !'{ACROMASTIX(MACROMASTIX)FLAVIDIPENNIS

Aterander-tMacromastitc flaaiir;ipennisALexlNDEn, Ann, & Mag, Nat. Hist. rx
11 (1923) 20r_202.

Type locality: Ohakune,January Zg, 1:921.
21. IIACROMASTIX(MACBOMASTIX) FUCATA Eurton.

Macromastic fueata HUrToN, Trans, N. Z. Inst. 92 (1900) 31.

llfount Ruapehu,January l, ].gZZ (C. C. Fenrotek). Raetihi
Hill, 2,800 feet, November 20, LIZB.
26. MACROMASTIX (MACROMASTIX) EALTERATA Atexan.ter.*
Macromastin
halterata
ALExANoEn,
Ann. & Mag.

11 (1923) 109-110.

Nat.

Hist.

IX

Late fall and winter. Type locality: Ohakune,July, 1921;
May 21-28, L922. Ohakune,May Z-11, t9Z2; May-iO anO
June 13, 1923; July 17, 1928, in bush. ,,f get this species
flattened out on the large ,leavesof shrubs in the bush; when at
rest both wing:sand legs are spread wide apart.,,_l!qy,7ie,

Aleuander: Tiptr,loid,eaof New Zealanils,z26. MACEOXASTIX(IIACROIIASTIX)

L75

HUTTONI Edwards.

Mac.roma,stin huttoni EDwAnos, Trans, N. Z. Inst. 54 (1923)
342-343.

Summer. Ohakune,November 16, 1921; January 7-18 andFebruary 8,1922.
27. MACROIIASTTX (MACROMASTIX)
Macroma,stinlonginricornis

LONGIORICORNIS Alexandcr.*
Alox.e,Noen,Ann.

& Mag. Nat.

Hist.

IX

11 (1923)108-109.
Type locality: Ohakune, July, I92L;

Late fall and winter.
May L7, L922.
28. MACFOUASTIX(MACROMASTIX) LUNATA LUNATA Eutton.

Macromastin lunata llutroN,

Trans. N. Z. Inst. 32 (1900) 32.

Summer. Ohakune,November25, L922; December25, t92L;
DecemberL-\7,1922. Raetihi Hill, DecemberL4, 1922. Ruapehu, beechzone, 3,000to 4,000 feet, January L2-15, L923,
28r. ilACROMASTIX(UA.CBOMASTIX) LUNATA
lunataMacromastis

fuscolatera

FUSCOLATERA Alerander.

ALEXANDER, Ann.

Ent.

Soc. Amer-

iea.15 (1922) 286.

Type locality: Ruapehu,4,000 to 5,000 feet, January, 1921
(Wattl.
29. !{ACROXASTIX (MACROMASTIX)MONSTRATAAlerander.*Macromastin mnnstrata Ar,nx.lNuun, Ann. & Mag. Nat. Hist. IX
13 (1924) 522-523.

Winter. Type locality: Ohakune,July L7, L923.
80. MACROTASTIX(MACROMASTIX) OEAKUNENSIS Alexander.r

Macromnstin

ohalunensi,sAlnr.o,Nonn,

Ann.

& Mag.

Nat.

Hist.

IX

11 (1923)204-205.
Type locality: Ohakune, December 25, 1921.
31. MACROIIASTIX(MACBOMASTIX)SESSILIS

Alexander.r

AluxnNonn,Ann. & Mag. Nat. Hist. 13 (1924)
Macromastin sessi,Lis
379-980.

Type locality: Ohakune,May 10, 1923.
32. MACROUASTIX(MACROMASTIX)SIUILLIMA

Alexender.*Ms,oromnstfucsimilli.ma Alu.o.Norn, Ann, & Mag. Nat. Hist. IX
13 (7924) 52r-522.

Winter. Type loeality: Ohakune,August L0, L922.Owhango,
July 1, 1922. Waiouru, June 11, 1923.
33. MACROUASTIX(IIACBOIIASTIX)SINCLAIRI

Edwords,

Trans. N. Z. Inst. 54 (1923) 350.
Maeromastia sinclo,iri EDwARDS,
common, March 5, t923.

Taihape,t76

The Philippi,ne Journal of Sci,encerszs

34. UACROMASTIX(MACROMASTIX)SUBilANCA Alexander.r
Maeromastin subma,nca AlExnNoER, Ann. & Mag. Nat. Hist. IX

12 (t923) ttz.
Early spring. Type locality: Ohakune, October L9, 1922,
35. HUDSONIA

4NIGMATICA

Alexander.+Hudsonia anigmati,ca Auxaxonn,
17 (1926) 547-548.
Type locality:

Ohakune, January

Ann, & Dfag. Nat. Hist. IX

3'J,,L924.

L IMON IIN E
Tr ibe36, LIMONIA(ZELANDOGLOCHINA)

LIM OI.IIINICUBITALIS(Edwards).

Di.cranom,Uia
cubitali.sEowenos,Trans. N. Z. Inst. 54 (1923)
275-276.
Common, especially in the spring and fall, in the bush lingering into the winter. Ohakune, October L5-24 and November 18,
L92L; April 4, May 17, and July 11-17, 1923. Waiouru, May
26, 1923. Karioi, in beech forest, November 7, L923. Raetihi
Hill, 2,800 feet, April 8, !924. Ruapehu, February 25, L922.
"Get these at night, hanging on small bushes in the forest."Hards.
S7- LIMONIA(ZELANDOGLOCEINA)EARRISI(Alexander).s

Dicranomgi.a harrisi AlnxANnnn, Ann. & Mag. Nat. Hist. IX 12(1923) 195-196.

TVpe locality: Ohakune to the mountain hut on Ruapehu,
3,000to 4,000feet, January 12, !923, Ohakune,December31,
L922.
38. LIMONIA(ZELANDOGLOCEINA)

Dicranemyia

huttoni

IIUTTONI(Edwards).

EDwARDS, Trans. N. Z. Inst. 54 (L923, 276.

Spring and early summer. Ohakune, November 14 and December 5, L922. Karioi, in beech forest, November 7, L923.
Raetihi Hill, November 30, L923; December 14,1922. Ohakune
to mountain hut on Ruapehu, 3,000 to 4,000 feet, January 12,
1923.
3e. LIMONIA(ZELANDOGLOCEINA)IIELANOGRAMMA(Edwards).

Dicranom4ia melanogramma EowARDs,Trans. N. Z. Inst. 54 (1923)
276-277.

Spring and early summer. Ohakune,November 14 and DecemberL-L3, L922. Karioi, in beechforest, November7,1923.
Raetihi Hill, 2,800feet, November30, 1923. Ohakuneto mountain hut on Ruapehu,beechzone,January L2,1923.

Alerander: Tipuloifl'eaof New Zealand'

x,2
10. LIUONIA(ZELANDOCLOCEINA)

Dicranom,gia

PARADISEACIRCUMCINC{A
Alpr.l'Nonn,

parad,isea, circumcincta,

Ann.

L77

(Alexendcr).r& Mag:. Nat.

Eist. IX 13 0924\ 561-562.
Type locality: Summit of Raetihi Hill, 2,800 feet, November
20-30, 1923.
(Edwerds)4r. L&TONIA (DICBANOMYIA).IEGROTANS
Di,eranomqia, agrotans EowaRos, Trans. N. Z. Inst. 54 (1923)
280-281.

Spring and fall. Ohakune, October 10-29 and November
L-Ll, L92L; December 4, L922; April 4 and, May 16' 1923.
Taihape, May 19, 1923.
42. LIMONIA(DICRANOMYIA)(Alexaniler).

ANNULIFERA

Dicranomgia annuliferct ALEXANDm,Ann. & Mag. Nat. Hist. IX
10 (t922) 87.
Raetihi Hill, summit, 2,800 feet, November 20, 1923.
43. LIMONIA(DICRANOMYIA)BBOOKESI(Edwards)-

Dicramomgia brookesi, EDwARDS,Trans' N. Z. Inst' 54 (1923) 28I'

Ohakune, October 20, !921.
44. LIMONIA(DICRANOMYIA)(Alexander).i

CUNEIPENNIS

Di,cranomgia cuneipennisAlnxlNoon, Ann. & Mag. Nat. Hist' IX
12 (L923) 99-100.
Type locality: Ohakune, Novembet 16, 1922. Raetihi Hill'
2,800 feet, November 20, L923.
45. LIMONIA(DICRANOMYIA)(Alerander)'*DMRSISPINA

Dicranom,yia d,inersispinaAlffinNonn, Ann. & Mag. Nat. Hist. IX
12 (7925',)197-198.

Type locality: Ohakune,October31, 1922.
46. LIMONIA(DICRANOMYIA)

FASCIATA

DicranomEia fasctata HuttoN,(Eutton)'Trans. N. Z. Inst. 32 (1900) 34'

A single female, Ohakune, November 13, 1922.
47. LIMONIA(DICRANOMYIA)GUBERNATORIA(Alexander)'Dicranomgia gubernatoria Alnx.o'Noen,Ann. & Mag. Nat. Hist' IX
1s (1924) 363-364.

Karioi, in beechforest, April 14' 1924. Raetihi Hill, 2,800
feet, November30, 1923.
48. LIMONIA(DICRANOMYIA)

EETERACANTEA(Alexander)'*

Dicranonr'giaheteracantha AmxANonn, Ann. & Mag. Nat' Hist' IX
11 ( 1923) 195 .
Type locality: Ohakune, January 28, L922.
49. LIMONIA(DICRANOMYIA)

LUTEIPES(Alexander)'r

Dicranom,aia luteipes AlDrANonR,
12 (1923) 196-197.

Ann.

& Mag. Nat.

Hist'

IX

1?8

The Phtli.ppi.ne Journat of Sci,ence$zsType locality: Ohakune, November 18, lg2l; December 10,
L922. Ohakune,May 16 and June 19, 1g2g. Karioi, in beech
forest, November 7, 1923. The allotype female was assoeiatedvnth Limonin (Dicranomgia) torcens near a waterfall.
50. LIUONIA(DICRANOMYIA)

Dicrannmgia

MEGASTIGUOSA (Alexanrter).

megastigmoso

Ar,uxlNpnn,

Ann.

10 (19221 657_558.

& Mag. Nat.

Hist.

IX

Ruapehu, 4,500 feet, February 26,1gZZ; January 14, LSZB;
January 20, 1924, "On underside of rocks in creek; wings
folded over back when at yssl,,,-IIa,yyis.
This crane fly is acharacteristic mountain species. rt is very crosery allied toL. (D.) sperata Alexander, and the exact relationships between
the two are still uncertain.
61, LIMONIA(DICRANOMYIA)

Dicrarnmg,ia mesta(1923) 19lj_l94.

M@STA(Aterander).*

AlnxlNonn,

Ann. & Mag. Nat. Hist.

IX

1l

Type locality: Ohakune,February 8, 1gZZ.
52. LIMONIA(DICRANOITYIA)

MULTISPINA(Aterander).i

Dicranomgia m:u,ItispinaAluxENonn, Ann, & Mag. Nat. Hist. IX
e (1922) 509*510.
Type locality: Ohakune, October 1, 1921. Ohakune, November 14 and December 31, L922; January 5, LgZg. Karioi, in

beech forest, November 7, 7929. Raetihi Hill, 2,800 feet,
November30, 1923. Ruapehu,beechzone,8,000to 4,000feet,
January L2,1923.
53. LIMONIA(DICRANOMYIA)NEPEELODES(Alerander).4

D'icranomgin nephelod,esALu,xl,NonR,Ann. & Mag. Nat Hist. IX
10 ( 19 2 2 ) 8 4 -8 5 .
Type locality:
54. LIMONIA

Ohakune, September 30 to October 27, L9ZL.

(DICRANOMYIA)

NIGRESCENS

Dicranom4ia nigrescens HurroN,(Ilutton).

Trans. N. Z. Inst. 32 (1900) 84.

Ohakund, September 25,7922; "taken at night, hanging overyVg,fgy."-IIA,rri,S.
55. LIMONIA(DICRANODTYIA) PUNCTIPENNIS MAORIENSIS (Alerrnrtrer).r

Dicranomryia

punctipennis

maoriensis

Alnxl,NDrn,

Ann.

& Mag. Nat.

Hist. IX 12 (1923)98.
locality:
Ohakune, October 10, Lg22; November 6-18,
Type
L8, L922. "Taken in daytime in a
October
L92L. Taihape,
patch
in open."-Harris.
swampy bulrush
56. LIIIONIA(DICRANOIIYIA)PENDULIFERA(Alcrud*).

pend,uliferaAmx.e.NDoR,
Dic,ronomgia
Ann. & Mag. Nat. Hist. IX
12 (r923r 379-380.
Ohakune, October 11 and November L6, L92L,

Alerander: Tipulodea of New Zealand,x,zi7, LITONIA(DICRANOMYH)

Dicranomgia

t79

REPANDA (Edwarrlc).

repan(Ia

EDwARDs, Trans.

N. Z. Inst'

54(1923)

278.

A spring species. Ohakune, Oetober L-ZL and November
8-13, 1921; October31 to Novembevt6, t922.
58. LIIIONIA(DICRANOMYIA)(Alexaniler).r

REVERSALIS

Di,cranomaiareaersalisAloxaNom, Ann. & Mag. Nat. Hist, IX
e (7922\ 507-508.
Type locality: Ohakune, October 10, 1921. Taihape, October
12, L92L. Karioi, in beech forest, November 7, L923. Raetihi
Hill, 2,800 feet, November 30, 1923. Ruapehu beech zone, Jan'vary L2,1923,
59. LIMONIA(DICRANOMYIA)

SEDUCTA(Ale:mder).'

Dicranomgia seilucta Ar,nxnNorn, Ann. & Mag. Nat. Hist. IX
11 (1923) 97-98.
Ohakune, December 25, 1.921- Ohakune, DeType locality:

cember I-BL, L922. Ruapehu, beech zone, 3,000 to 4,000 feet,
January L2, L923, "These rest on spider webs; legs outspread;
wingls folded over body."-Harris.
6f" LIUONIA (DICRANOIIYIA) SEDIICUNEATA(Alexandcr).r
Dinranomgia semi,cuneata AlnxAxonn, Ann. & Mag. Nat. Hist. IX
13 (1924) 56L565.

Type locatity: Raetihi Hill, 2,800 feet, November 20-30, 1923.
41. LIIIONIA(DICRANOMYIA)

SPERATA(Alerander)-Dicranomgia sperq,ta ALEXANDER,Ann. Ent. Soc. America 15(L922) 224-226.

A characteristicmountain species. Ruapehu,4,000 to 4,500
feet, JanuaW 20,L924;4,500feet, February 26,1922. "Secured
at night with lamp, some on rocks near water, others in flisht
or resting on small bushes."-Ild,r"r'i,s.
62. LIIIONIA(DICBANOMYIA)

SPONSA(Alexander).*

Dieranom.gia sponsa,Ar,ExlNorn, Insec. Inscit. Menst. 10 (L922)
199-200.
Type locality: Ohakune, April L0, 1922. Ohakune, May 16,

L922.
53. Lf}tONlA(DICRANOMYIA)

SUBFASCIATA(Alexander).*.

Dioanomgi.a subfasciata AT,UANDER,Ann. & Mag. NaL Hist. IX
13 (1924) 563-564.
Type locality: Raetihi Hil,l, 2,800 feet, November 20-30, 1923.
61. LIMONIA(DICRANOMYIA)SUBVIRIDIS(Alennder).

Ann. Ent. Soc. America 15
Dictonomgia subairidis AT,EXANDER,(1922) 223-224.
One female, Ohakune, October 29,192L,

The Plui,lippi,neJornnnl of Science180(DICRANOMYIA)

65. LIUONIASULPHURALISCHLOROPIIYLLOIDES

rszs(AIETANdCT).

Dicranomgia sulphuralis chrorophguoid,es
Ar,nx.e.NonR,
Ann. & Mag.
Nat. Hist. IX 16 (192b) 62.
Spring and early summer.
Ohakune, September ZL to Oc_

tober 13, 1921; NovemberL4-24 and January 24, tg22; July 1?,
1923,in bush. one specimenhas cell lst M, openin both wings.
(DICRANOMYIA)

66. LIUONIA(Atexander),*TARSALBA

DicranomgiatarsalbaAuxaNuEe,Ann. & Mag. Nat. Hist. IX
s (1922)505_506.
Type locality: Ohakune, November 10, 1g21. Ohakune, No_
vember 14-16, L922; November 22, ]^g2?,in a half_dry patch ofswampy ground, chiefly toetoe (Arundo conspi,cuaForster f.),with a few trees and shrubs; December Lg, LIZZ. Karioi, in
beech forest, November 7, IgZg. Raetihi Hill, 2,g00 feet, No_
vember 20-30, 1923.
(DICRANOMYIA)

67. LIMONIATORRENS(Alexander).+

Dieranom.gi,atorrens Ar,uxANonn,Ann, & Mag. Nat. Hist, IX
11 (1923)194-L95.
Type locality: Ohakune, November lg_20,Ig2L. ,,Thesewere
swarming up and down the damp face of a papa-rock cliff neara small waterfall; many were mating or attempting copulation,
while others were walking about on the face of f,he cliff."_
Hami,s.
(DICRANOMYIA)

68. LIIIONIATRISTIGMATA(Alexandsl).*Di,cranomgia tristigmata Ar,uxANoEn,Ann. & Mag. Nat. Hist. IX
16 ( 1 9 2 5 ) 6 8 _ 6 9 .
Type locality:
69. LIMONIA

Karioi,(DICRANOMYIA)

in beech forest, April
VICARIANS

I"4, 1g24.

(Schiner)_

Limnobi,a uicarians ScErNEn, Reise der Novara, Dipt.

(1g6g) 46.

oecurs in the,spring and fall and is presumably double brooded. Ohakune, September 26 to October 1b, tg2l;May 2_28 andJune 13, 1923. Taihape, May 19, 1g23. Karioi, in beech forest.
April 14, 1924.
?0, LIUONIA(DICRANOMYIA) WESCEEI (Edwards).

Dicranomyiaweschei.
EowAnos,Trans.N. Z. Inst. s4 (tg2gl Zg4.
A fall species appearing earlier in the season at higher altitudes. Ohakune, May 9-16 and June 18, Lg2B. Taihape, May
19, 1923; Ruapehu, 4,000 to 4,500 feet, January Z0, lg}4.
71. DISCOBOLAAMPLA(Eutton).

Trochobola
amTtlaHunoN, Trans.N. Z. Inst. 32 (1900)B6_9?.
This striking crane fly is commonest in the spring and fall
and is presumably double brooded. rn the bush it persists into

Alenander: Tipuloi,ilea of New Zealand,

# ,2

181

the winfer months. Ohakune, October 10-25, L92l; October 18
to November 26, L922; December 23, L92L; May 7, L922; June
13, 1923; July, 1921. Owhango, April 7, L922; "wings folded
over back, legs stretched in all directions." Ruapehu, beech
2one,3,000 to 4,000 feet, January 15, t923;4,500 feet, night ofFebruary 26,7922; "hanging with a few legs on a small beech
near creek." -l{ 6yy,i5.
72. DISCOBOLAGIBBEBA

Edwarilg.

Discobola gi,bbera EowARDS, Trans. N. Z. Inst. 54 (1923) 286.

A spring species. Ohakune, October 10-19 and November
3-28, 1921; Decernber 2, 1922; December 23, L92L.
73. DISCOBOLA PICTA (Hutton).
Trochobola

picta

Hur-toN,

Trans.

N. Z. Inst.

32 (1900)

37.

A spring species. Ohakune, October t0-27 and November
3-16, 1921; November 26, L922. Raetihi Hill, November 30,
L923; December 14, 1922, on shrubs in bush.
74. DISCOBOLATESSELATA

Osten Sacken.

TrochobolatesselataOsrsN Slcr<nx, Berlin. Ent. Zeitschr.39(1894)266.
This abundant species occurs almost throughout the year.
Ohakune, September 19 and October 20, t92l; November 22,
L922; December 23-25,7921; January lL-24 and April 9, L922;
May 11, 1922, " on tree-trunks at niglht, some bobbing: up anddown;" July, 1921. Karioi, in beechforest, November 7,1923.
Raetihi Hill, November 30 to December 14,1923, beating shrubs
in bush. Ruapehu 2,500 feet, February 25, 1922; beech zone,
3,000 to 4,000 feet, January L2, \923.
75. EELIUS

EARRISI(Alexander).N

Rhamphidi.a harrisi ALExANDF,R,
Ann. & Mag. Nat. Hist. IX 11(1923) 98-99.
Type locality:

Ohakune, December !, 1921.
Tr ibe76. REA}IPEOPEILASINISTRAHEXATOMINI(Hutton).

Limnophilasinistra HurroN, Trans.N. Z. Inst. 32 (1900)40.
Spring and early summer. Ohakune, October 27 to November
L6, 1921; October 18, November 22, December 31, and January
24,1922; January 10, 1923. Raetihi Hill, 2,800 feet, November

The Philippinc trournal, of Scienee

I82

reel

20,1923, Ruapehu,beechzone,Januarylb, 1928; Januaxy 20,
1924.
"These seem to vary somewhat in color. They appear toprefer the ground, although found in other situations. Wtrenatrest the legs are bent and the wings folded over the back. They
invariably make short flights of a few yards and then setile but
are fairly quick on the wing.,'-Harrts.
77. TINEMYIA

ilA"RGARITITEBA

Eufion.

Tinemgia margaritifera HurroN, Trans. N. Z. Inst, 92 (1900) 44.

A spring species. Karioi, in beechforest, November7, L}ZB.
Raetihi Hill, 2,800feet, November20, 1928.
78. NOTHOPEILAFUSCANA(Edwarite).

Ulomorpha fuscana EDwARDs, Trans. N. Z. Inst. 54 (1g2g) S0E.

Late summer and fall. Ohakune,March 11, 1gZB,in bush;
April 11, 1922. Karioi, in beechforest, April 14, 1924.
79. AUSTROLIMNOPEILA ARCUS (Eutton).
Litnnophila

argus

HvTroN,

Trans.

N. Z. Inst.

92(1900)

41.

Spring and early summer. Ohakune,SeptemberL9, October
25-30, and November 4-ll, 1g2L; November 22, December81,
and January 9-24, 1922. Karioi, in beechforest, November?,
1923. Raetihi Hill, 2,800 feet, December14, Lg2Z, Ruapehu,
beechzonq 3,000to 4,000feet, January l.Z,1rg2};4,000to 4,b00
feet, January 20,1924.
80. AUSTROLIMNOPEILACIIRYSORRH@A(Edwardsr.

Limwphila chrgswrheaEow.nRus,
Trans. N. Z. InsL s4 (1928)
311-312.
An early summer mountain species. Raetihi Hill, November
20-30, L923; December 14, 1922. Ruapehu, beech zone, 8,000
to 4,000 feet, January 12, t923; January 20, LgZ4.
81. AUSTROLIMNOPHILACYATHETI(Edwarde),

Limnophila cyatheti EowAnus, Trans. N. Z. Inst. 54 (1928) g1A-914.

Ohakune,March 77, 1923, in bush. Karioi, in beechforest,
November 7, L923; emergedfrom pupa found in decayingwood.
82, AUSTAOLIMNOPIIILAGEOGRAPEICA(Ilutton).

Limnophilu, geographica Hurrow, Trans. N. Z. Inst. 32 (1900)
43*44.
Spring and early summer.
Ohakune, November 18, 1921; No-

vember L-22, December 5, and January tJ, L922. Karioi, in
beechforest, November7,1923. Raetihi Hill, November20-30,
1923; December14, 1922.

3E.z

Alera,nder: Tipuloid,ea of New Zeoland,

183

83. AUSTROLIUNOPEILAEUDSONI ATEIPES (Alexander)..
Limnophi.la hudsoni atripes Amx.LNDnn, Ann. & Mag. Nat. Hist. IX
10 (1922) 92.

Late spring and early summer. Type locality: Ohakune,Ne
vember 6-L4, 1921. Ohakune,December23-31, L92l; January
5, 1923. Karioi, in beech forest, November 7, 7923.
E4. AUSTROLIMNOPHILA

LEUCOMELAS(Edwards).

Limnophilaleucomelas
EDwaRDs,
Trans. N. Z. Inst. s4 (1929)
308.
Early summer. Ohakune, December 23, L921; December 1-2,
1922, Raetihi Hill, December L4, 1922. Ruapehu, beech zone,
January t2-15,1923.
85. AUSTROLIMNOPHILA(Ilutton).

MARSHALLI

Lirnnophila mnrshalli. HurroN, Trans. N. Z. Inst. 32 (1900) 42.
Limnophila untbrosa HurroN, Trans. N. Z. Inst. 32 (1900) 43,

Late spring and early summer. Ohakune, November 22,
December 31, and January 9, 1922. Raetihi Hill, December
lg-I4, 1922; November 30, 1923. Ruapehu, beech zone, 3,000
to 4,000 feet, January 12,1923.
86. AUSTROLIMNOPIIILA

NIGROCINCTA(Edwards).

Limnopltila nigrocincta EDwARDS,
Trans. N. Z. Inst. 54 (1923)
312-313.
Late spring and early summer.
Ohakune, November 12, L9ZL;
December 5-13 and January LL, 1922. Raetihi Hill, November

20-30, L923; DecemberL4, t922. Ruapehu,beechzone, 3,000
to 4,000feet, January 12, L923.
87. AUSTROLIMNOPHILA

Limnophila
31 1.

OGULATA(Edwarde).

oculata EDwAnDS, Trans. N. Z. Inst. 54 (1929) 810-

Early summer. Ohakune, January 11-18, 1922. Ruapehu,
4,000 feet, January t5, t923; "a pair in copula, resting on beech
trunk; legs spread out flat, wings folded over back."-Harris,
88" AUSTROLIMNOPHILA

STEMMA(Alexander).r

Insec. Inscit. Menst. 10 (1gZZ)
Limnophila sterrlma ALExANDER,
201-202.
Type locality: Ohakune, November 18, L921. Raetihi Hill,
November 20-30, L923; December L4, L922; "taken near a spring
on damp hillside in bush."-Ilorris.
89. AUSTROLIMNOPEILASUBINTEBVENTA(Edwards).

Trans. N. Z. Inst. E4 (1923)
Linmophila subi,nteroentaEDwARDS,
309.

The phiti,ppine Journat of194

Early summer. Raetihi Hill,

Science$2s

DecemberlB, lg22. Ruapehu,
to 4,000r"ui,.r"nuary
t2, rszs;4,000
reet,ffi'"#T'i;n:90. ACANTEOLIMNOPEILAMAORICA(Atexandgr;.t

Ar,nxnNonn,
Ann. & r\{ag.Nat. rrist. rX e"*rrro*rL3^ug1g.ospring' Type rocarity:ohakune,september
21 to october 11,
7921. Ohakune,.Octoberig_20,';6zt;
October
22 to November
76, tgz4. Karioi, ,1n999f,
f"*.i,"Nou.rnn er T, 1928.
RaetihiHill, November20_80,1928.
91. EETEROLIMNOPEILASUBTRUNCATA(Alexanrter).rAr'nx'+'Norn,
Ann'& Mas.Nat.Hist.rx"Ti"(,!;l|;13:ffi:;.*Type locality: Ohakune,
January itg, lgZZ.
92. EETEROLIMNOPEILATRUNCATA (Atexander).

Ar'ExaNouR,
Ann' & Mag.Nat. Hist. rX 10"'t{;{i";t-^.n'o'o
Spring and early summer.
Raetihi Hill, November 20_80,,rl1ur,rfffff1:,
B,0;; l"
l"fitn.^"J,. 4,000 re;t,iJiu""yrz,
93. LIMNOPEILELLA
Limnophilo

DELICATULA
delicatula(Eutton).
HurroN,

Trans.

N.

g2

Z. Inst.
(lg0[)
42.
Spring and early_summer.Ot ut
uru,
November
14_22and.
DecemberI, 1922,;.llnuaw--S,fiZ!';',a*orrg
jt-no, t" f"*_ ,r-"i".."uuL;
oump-pta'e'n".jrr'i"iirrr,
De-

liff ff"il, 1"nir1"""
94. LIMNOPEILAQU4SITA

Alexander.*Ar'uxANoon'Ann'& Mag.Nat. Hist.rX 1z"T;{J;"irrff;::
TVpelocality: Ohakune,Novemberg,lg}2. Ohakune,October 80, 1928. Karioi, i"'f."Cil-tolirt,
Norr.mber 7, 1928.
95.
METALIMNOPEILAEOWESI (Ateranrter).

Ann' & Mas' Nat. Hist. rx e"TW*!g:;.'ArexaNorR'
Spring. Ohakune, November!L_22, lg2l. Raetihi Hill,
2,800 feet, November20_80,
lgZB.
96. IIETALIMNOPEILAMIRIFICA(Alexander).r

Ar'r'xaun'n'Ann' & Mag'Nat. Hist. rx e"'fr;;:i-{rffi{.coType locality: Ohakune,October10, 1921.
Ruapehu,beech;:l?":fgl ,tif;|loreet'ranuarv!2' igzs;4,000;1,;;0
reet,

x,2

Alenamder: Tipuloid,ea of New Zealand

9t. METALIUNOPEILANEMOCERA (Alexander).*
nenxocera' AlExaNonR,

Limnophila

185

Ann.

& Mag.

Hist.

Nat.

IX

12

(1923)107-108.
Type locality: Ohakune, September L7, L922.
PROTEA

9E. METALIUNOPEILA

Alexander.*Metalimnoph,ila proteo Ar,rxaNonn, Ann' & Mag. Nat. Hist. IX
16 (1925) 69-?1.
Type locality: Ruapehu, beech zone, 3,000 to 4,000 feet, Jan-aary 20,1924.
UNIPUNCTA

99. METALIITNOPSILA(Alerander).

Limnophila unipuncta ALExANooR,Ann. & Mag. Nat. Hist. IX
1o ( 1922) 94-9 5 .

Raetihi Hill, 2,800feet, November20' 1923.
100. NOTEOLIMNOPHILA

EXCLUSA(Alexander)..

Lintnophilcr' erclu'sa AtuxaNom, Ann. & Mag. Nat' Hist. IX 9(1922') 6L7*518.
Type locality: Ohakune, November L2, t921. Ohakune, De-

cemberL0, t922, beating in bush; January 4, L922,
r01. ZELANDOMYIA CINEREIPLEURA (Alexander).
cinereiplewa

Limnophi.ta

AIExANDnR,

Ann.

& Mag.

Nat.

Hist'

IX

10 (t922\ 92-93.
Late spring. Ohakune, November 22, 1922, in a half-dry
swampy patch, chiefly toetoe (Arundo conspicua,Forster f.)'with a few trees and shrubs; December L, L922, on mint; December 5-10,1922.
r02. ZELANDOMYIA PENTEOPTERA Alexender.*Zelandomyia

Ttenthoptera

Alox.o'Noon,Ann.

& Mag.

Nat.

I{ist.

IX

1s (1924)37L-372.
Type locality: Ohakune, Maroh 23 to April 6, 1923. Ruapehu,
4,000 to 4,500 feet, January 20, L924.
103. ZDLANDOMYIAPYGM.IEA

Alexaniler.r

Zelanilom.gi.apugm.eo AluxaNom., Ann. & Mag. Nat' Hist' IX 11(1923) 106-107.

Type locality: Ohakune,January 28, L922.
r04, ZELANDOMYIABUAPEHUENSIS(Alerander)J
Li.mnophila ruapehuensis ALExANDER, Ann. & Mag. Nat. Hist. IX
e (1922) 153-154.

Type locality: Ruapehu,4,000 to 5,000 feet, January, L92L
(Watt). Ohakune,NovemberL4-22, 1922. Ruapehu,4,000to4,500feet, January 20,1924.
r05. ZELANDOMYIA WATTI (Alexaniler).*

Li.mnophila aotti Ar,nxewDEB,Ann. & Mag. Nat. Hist. IX I (1922)
152-153.

196

The ph;itippine Jotnnalof Sci,ence

re2eType localitv: Ru-apehu,
4,000{yrlt:t'|'Ruapehu;|^1{,SOOfeet, January, lg2lb"-..h;;;J,ooor" 4,000
reet,iinuaryzo,

106. GYNOPLISTIA (PARALTMNOPHILA)

Limnophila sliusei Hurro,

SKUSET (Eurton).

f""rr.

N. Z. Inst. 94 (Ig0Z)
190_191.
Wide_spreadrl":-r*lo"t th; .;;;n., ohakune,
1921;Octobert8_sr,-19ttff";;ier
OctoberI r._r5,
tr'ebruary16, tsry:.-i;i,;;;;"'iil"" re, $2t;January t0 and6, re2z; ,,a rew stiu
about;,_Harris.^ R""e"h";"1;..ri_n*8,000 to 4,000 feet,
Januarv12,7923. j'Thlr_;.;t"trolos
o_nflat surfaceswith alllegs on support,
yjlq* ?ffi;;;the latf,er titted at
an angle of from g0o
to g0;.;,_"H;rr*. .boa",
I07. GyNopLJSTra(cyNopLISTrA)BILOBATA

Gynoplistiabilobata e""*o*o*l(tszi' zos.

Atexander.rAnn' & Mag. Nat. rrist.

rx 12

locatity: Ohakune,November
t6_28,1921;December,, Tilij.
I08. GYNOPLISTIA(GYNOPLISTIA)

BONA

Alenrander.

GAnoplistiabonaAr,uxewoo,
frrru".

Late sprine a1d,9arl",,rr.*.".

fnr.it Menst. 8 (1920)
IZB_728.

p_halune DecemberL_Bl
andJanuaryg-24,.iJ.t*,i,1*,
n_u,__tgz-gj:g,?z;;"""""v
half-spread, nings fotdejr.*.

r09. GYNOPLISTIA (GYNOPLISTIA) ";;;;;.il,_I[qyrts.
CONCAVA Atexander.*Gynophistia,

Ar'nxewpn&Ann' & Mag.
Nat. Hist. rX g
trnrrl tri\iToSpring. Type locality:
Ohakune, October g,
OctoberI?_Zz, tgi.t. Ofr"f."r",Taihape,
Ciitiner 24, -,tg12l.

ITO. GYNOPLISTIA

(GYI|

1922.

;4t*;Z'rl,H";'*:ffiH:"'u

Early summer. Type*u* Nat.rrist.rx 11

locality: Ohakune, December 20_25,,**rr'oi,,r"ne,Df;il"Bl1;Tl;,*i,iXi,"ii"ii,!ufr
IIt.

GYNOPLISTIA(GYN(,,{;{I};:ni"'JliT'"iy"I"'#1il,"::,i'",",,.Mens

Late spring and_earlr

summer. Ohakune, November

16,

rtl?i"""''ij#";o]rnllf.'i"dilffi ;beechzone,a,ood'fo-

%,2Alenander: Tipttloi'dea of Nezo Zealand,

187

r12. GYNOPLISTIA (GYNOPLISTIA) FUSCOPLUT'IEAEdtardr'

Ganopli'stia fuscoplumbea Euwlx.os, Trans. N. Z' Inst. 54 (1923)
318.

Late spring. Ohakune,November18, 1921; December1 and2, \922.
1r3. GYNOPLISTIA (GYNOPLISTIA) GLAUCA Edwards'
Trans. N. Z. Inst.
Ganoplistia glauca EowAnls,

54(1923)

318'

Early summer. Ohakune,December10 and January 4, L922;
January 15, 1923.
r14. GYNOPLISTIA(GYNOPLISTIA)EARRISI

Alerander''Ggnoptistia,hamisi' AmxlNoun, Ann. Ent. Soc. America 15 (1522)
231-252.

Type locality: Ohakune,February, 1920.
r15. GYNOPLISTIA(GYNOPLISTIA)IIEMALIS(Alexender).'Cerozoilia luiemntis Ar.uxENonn, Ann. & Mag. Nat. Hist. IX 11(1e23) 108.
Ganoplistia, hiem,olis Alpx.e'Noen,Ann. & Mag. Nat. Hist' IX 13(1924' 372.

Winter. Type locality: Ohakune, July, 1921, in bush. The
unique type, a female, was found hanging near the bottom ofa small shrub near the ground. It was found in the daytime
and was the only specimen observed. On June L4, LgZg, Harris
found five additional females. one of these was resting against
a tree trunk, the beautiful male nearby, hanging to a small shrub
by a couple of legs. These were taken at night; the male anda female were placed in a box and kept alive for a time to see
if they would mate. Although very sluggish in the bush, thenearly apterous females became very lively in the observation
boxes,but no mafing occurred. On June 22, L923, Harris founda second male. This was resting: on a tree trunk, stowed awayamongst some vines, the wings folded incumbent over the baek,
the legs spread apart. At about the same time, Dr. John G'
Myers secured two additional males in the wainui state Forest,
Wellington. One of these was beaten from a dead tawa treethat had been recently felled, the second from the dead, hanging
fronds of a tree fern (either Hemi'teti'a ot Dicksont'a squnrrosa) '116. GYNOPLISTIA(GYNOPLISTIA)

INCISA

Edwards.

Ganoplistiainctso F,owtnos,Trans. N. Z. Inst. 54 (1923) 318-319'

Ohakune,December25, L9ZL.

The philippine

L88

Journal of Sciencers2s

ru. GYNOPLJSTIA (GYNOPLISTIA)LOBULIFEBA Atexanrler-,*fi,i]{rtu;o!;!;rlifera Ar'nxtNDER,
Ann' &

Mag.Nar. Hist. rX 12

Type locality: Ohakuneto themountain hut on Ruapehu,
beechzone,8,000to 4,b00feet,t;";;;
tz_15, tgzg.
IT8. GYNOPLISTIA(GYNOPLISTIA)

LUTEICINCTA

Ganoplistia tuteichcta AloxeNoua,
13 (7924) 576i577.

AIEXANdCT.T

Ann. & Mag. Nat. Hist. IX

Type locality: Ohakune.December
IZ,lgZZ.
forest, November7, lg2g.
rI9. GYNOPLISTIA (GYNOPLISTIA)NMICINCTA

Karioi, in beech

Alexander.rGgnoplistin n|u eicincta ALExANDER,
Ann. & Mag. Nat. Hist
(7922) 57e_520.

IX 9

Type locality: Ohakune, December
lb, 1919.

r20, GYNOPLTSTIA(GYNOPLISTIA)

OCELLIFERA

Alexander.rGgnoplistia ocellifera AloxANoEn,
Ann. & Mag. Nat Hist. IX 12(7923) 777_712.
TJ:pe locality: Raurirlu,
June 7, lg2l.
ISl.

GYNOPLISTIA(GYNOPLISTIA)

OROPHfLA

Ddwarrts.i

Ggnopli*tia orophila EowARos,Ann. & Mag. Nat. Ilist. IX(1923) 628_629.
Type locality:

1i

Whakapapa, Ruapehu, altitude
4,000 feet, Jan-uary,1922 (Hudson)r22. GYNOPLTSTIA (cyNopLISTIA)

PLEURALIS

Alexaniter.,

RECURVATA

Atexaniter.r

Ggnoplistiapteuralis Ar,oxaNoon,
Ann. & Mag. Nat. Hist. IX 12(1923)20s_20e.
Type locality: Oha-kuneto themountain hut on Ruapehu, beechzone, 3,000 to 4,500 feet, JanuarytZ_i.b, [OZS.
I23. GYNOPLISTTA(GYNOPLISTIA)

Gynoplistid, ret

ALEXANDEB'
Ann' & Mag'Nat' Hist. IX 12{tszsl znwtto
Type locality: Ohakune,December!_12,1922, on mint.

124. CYNOPLISTIA(GYNOPLISTIA)

SACKENfAt€rander.

sackewiArexeNooR,rnsec. rnscit.
Menst. 8 (1920)-W{;yrf:
Spring. Ohakune, September
29_80 and October L4, LDZL.
Karioi' in beeoh forest,-Nou.*n*i," rgzg. Raetihi Hil, November 20-30, lgLg.
I25. GYNOPLISTIA (cyNopLISTIA)

SPINICALCAR Alexanrler.r

Ar'Ex'^Noun'Ann' Ent' soc. America
ls"ofi{{;;*rulo'?;'""o'Type locality: Ohakune, March
1, 1glg.

of New Zealand,
Alerander: Tipwl,oid,ea

x,z126. GYNOPLISTIA(GYNOPLISTIA)SPLENDENS Alcrander.'AloxANonn,

splend,ens

Gynoplistia

189

Ann.

Ent.

15

America

Soc.

(1922) 233-234.

Type locality: Ohakune,February 15, 1920.
12?, GYNOPLISTIA(GYNOPLISTIA)SUBCLAYIPES Alorander''Gynoplistia subclaaipes AlnxANoon, Ann. & Mag. Nat. Hist. IX
13 (1924) 373-375.
Type locality: Ohakune, December L7, L922.
r28. GYNOPLISTIA(GYNOPLISTIA)

SUBFASCIATA Wclken

Ggnaplistia subfasci,otaWltxun,
7 4.

List. Dipt. Brit. Mus. 1 (1848)

Spring. Ohakune,November 16 and Decemberl, 1921.
129. GYNOPLISTIA(GYNOPLISTIA)

TRIDACTYLA

Edwards.

Ggnopli,stiatrid'actylu Eomnos, Trans. N. Z. Inst. 54 (1923) 321.

Spring and fall. Ohakune,October22, t922; April 20, 1923.
r30. GYNOULISTIA
Cerozodia(CEBOZODIA) ITUDSONI EEIIf,IPTERA (Alexander).*hud,soni

Atnxl'Nonn,hemiptera

Insec'

Inscit.

Menst.

10(1922) 203-204.

lVpe localif,y: Ruapehu,4,000 to 5,000 feet, January, 1921
(Watt). Ohakune,January ]-l, 1922. Ruapehu,beech zone,
3,000to 4,000 feet, January t2, L923.
13r. ISCIINOTIRIXCONNEXA (Alexrnder).*

Orolimnophild,connefrq,

Atux.l.Nunn,

Ann.

&

Mag'

Nat.

Hist.

IX

11 (1923)198-199.
Type locality: Ohakune, July, 1921. Ohakune, May 2, L928,
Horopito, 2,300 feet, February, t922; "on uprights of water tank
Ruapehu, beech zone, 3,000 to 4,000
on wet morning."-l7arris.
feet, February 26, 1922:4,000 to 4,500 feet, January 20, tgZ4.
132. ATARBA(ATARBA)FILICOF-r\IIS

Alerander-

Atarba fil;icornis ALExANoon,Ann. & Mag. Nat. Hist. IX I (L522)
151-152.
Ohakune, November 8-26 andSpring and early summer.

Decemberl, L922; December25, L92L; January 18, L922. Raetihi Hill, 2,800feet, November20-30, 1923; December14, 1922.
Ruapehu,beech zone, 3,000 to 4,000 feet, January t2, 1923;
4,000feet, January 4,1924.
1t!.

ATARBA(ATARBA)

VIRIDICOLOR

Alexander.i

Atorba nsiriilicolor ALSXANDER,Ann. & MaE. Nat. Ilist'(1922) 308.

IX

9Spring. Type locality: Ohakune,October11, 1921. Ohakune,
Sovember 3, 192L; November 2b26, L922. Karioi, in beech
239912-B

The Pluilippine Journal of Sci,ence

190

1e2e

forest, November 7, t923, Raetihi Hill, 2,800 feet, November
20-30, 1923.
134. ELEPEANTOMYIA RUAPEEUDNSIS Alexander.*Elephantomyia

ruaptehuensis

Ar,nxaNonn,

Ann.

& Mag.

Nat.

Hist.

s4

(1928)TX 12 (1923) 204.-205.
Type locality: Ruapehu, beech zone, 3,000 to 4,000 feet, January 15, 1923. A second specimen, a male, was taken near thetype locality, January 4, 1924, at an altitude of 4,000 feet.
135. ELEPUANTOMYIAZEALANDICA

Elephantomgia

Edwards.

zealand,ica EowARDS, Trans.

N. Z. Inst.

288.

Ohakune,December7, 1923. Ruapehu,beechzone,8,000to
4,000feet, January 20, L924;4,000 to 4,b00 feet, January 20,
L924.
Tr ibe136, CERATOCEEILUSLEVISERIOPTERINI(Hutton).

Rhamphidia leofs Hurrow,

Trans. N. Z. Inst. 32 (1900) Bg.

Ohakune, December 17, 7922; December.T, LgZg.
137.CERATOCHEILUS
OCERACEUM
Edwards.
Ceratocheilus ochraceu,m Eownnos, Trans. N. Z. Inst. 54 (Ig2g\
289.

Ruapehu,4,000 to 5,000 feet, January, lg2l (Watt).
I38. REABDOMASTIX (SACANDAGA) OPTATA Atexonder.'Bhabilomastinoptata AuxAwoun, Ann. & Mag. Nat. Hist. IX 11(1923) 104-105.

Type locality: Ohakune,January 24 to February 8,1922.
139. REABDOMASTIX(SACANDAGA)TBICSIATA

Alexander.*Rhabdomastin trichiatu AlrxANonn, Ann, & Mag. Nat. Hist. IX
11 (1923) 197_198.

Type localit!: Ohakune,February g, L9ZZ. Ohakune,December 2, L922.
140. REABDOMASTIX(SACANDACA) VITTITEORAX

Rhabd,ornastir

oittithoran

AteranderJ

ALEXANDER, Ann.

& Mag.

11 (1928)105_106.
Type locality: Ohakune, January Zg, tgZZ,
l4l.

GONOMYIA(LIPOPELEPS)LONGISPINA,

Nat.

Hist.

IX

Atexander.i

Gonomgia longispi.na AmxeNonR, Insec. Inscit. Menst. 10 (tg2},)
201.
Type locality: Ohakune, April g, LVZZ.
l{2. GONOMflA(LIPOPELEPS)NIGROEALTERATA

Edwsrds.

Gonomgianigrohalteroto EDwAnos,Trans. N. Z. Inst. 54 (1928)
250.

Alerander: Ti,puloi'iteaof New Zealand

x,2

191

DeSpring and early summer. Ohakune, November 24 -and
near
Hill,
Raetihi
L4,1921.
i, tgzz. iaihape, october..*r",
base, December 13, 1922.
r13. CAMPBELLOMYIA
GtwphomAia

ALPINA('t)

ALPINA(Alexonder)'cttpincl, AmxANDEn,

Ann'& Mag'

Nat'

Hist'

IX

10 (t922) 565-566.
Ohakune, FebruarY 24, L922.
I4Sa.CAMPBELLOMYIAALPINA

143b. CAMPBELLOMYIAALPINAFULVIPLEURA(Alexander)'*Hist'
Gnophemyi,aolpina fului'pleura Ar'sxlrNonn,Ann' & Mag' Nat'IX 12 (1923) 203-204.
fype locality: Ohakune, December t, 1922'
FUMIPENNIS(Alerander).*Nat'
Gnophom'gia atpina fumi,pennis At'vxltNDER'Ann' & Mag'
Hist. IX 12 (1923) 203'
Type locality: Ohakune, Decembet t3, t922'

144. APEROPIIILAFLAVOPYGIALIS(Alexander)'IX
Gnophotngiaflaaopggialis At'uxANDEn,Ann' & Mag' Nat' Hist'e (1922) 150-151.
Ohakune, November 16 and Deeember 25' L92L;
Summer.

December L*zg, Lg22; J"turty 28, ]':92]-rFebruary t-5' 1922'
Ruapehu,4,000feet, JanuarY4,1924'
r45. APHROPEILA NEOZELANDICA (Edwards)'
neozelnnd'ica(Aphrophila)
Gnophomgia

Eowalos,

Trans'

N' Z' Inst'54 (1923)298.
RuaOhakune, February 8,1922. Popaka, February, 1922'
the
along
skim
pehu, 4,500 feet, Februaty 26, !922' "Thesetheyresting,Whensurface of the water like a hydroplane'
inclinedsettle on wet rocks, usually on the underside of anbowlder. Mating takes place in similar situations."-Harris146. TRIMICRAINCONSTANS

Alexander'T r im ic r a i n c o n s ta ,rl s At' o x e N o n n ,Ann' & Mag' N at' H i st' IX 9
(L922\ t48-L49.

4'
Ohakune,November1-16, 1921; F ebruary 8, L922; April
Noforest'
Lg23. Taiirape,October 22,1'921.' Karioi, in beeoh
vember 7, 1923.
r47. TASIOCERA PAULULA (Alerander)'r

Molophihts paululus Amx'alvoun, Ann' & Mag' Nat. Hist. IX(1923) 10S-104'
Ohakune, January L8,1922'
locality:Type

148. ITOLOPUILUS AUCKLANDICUS Alsander'r

Molophi.Ius auclelan'ili'cus ALExANoER, Ann'

12 (r923',)10H0?.

11& Mag' Nat. Hist. IX

L92

The Ph;ilippine Journnt of Sci,encelllzc

Type locality: Ruapehu,beechzone,8,000to 4,000feet, Feb_
ruary 26, L922; 4,500feet, February 27, LSZZ.
149. IIOLOPEILUS

BIDENS

Molnphilus

Atexander-*bidens Awx.tNDEB, Ann.

& Mag. Nat.

Hist.

IX

12

(re23) 202.
Type locality: Ohakune, December ].0,Lg2Z. Ruapehu, beechzone, 3,000 to 4,000 feed January !2, L}ZB.
r50. UOLOPHILUS

BREVINERVIS

Molopluilus

Aleraniter.r

brea.ineruis

Ar,ox.l.nouR,

Ann.

&

11 (1923)102_103.
Type locality: Ohakune, December 22, Lgll.
l5l,

MOLOPEILUS

CRUCIFEBUS

Mag.

Nat.

Hist.

IX

Alexander.

Molophi.lus craciferus

ALE*ANDER, Ann. & Mag. Nat, Hist. IX(Le22) r47.
Ohakune, December l, tgZZ.
152. UOLOPEILUS

FLAGELLIFER

9Aterandcr.'

Molophilus flagellifer AluxANonn, Ann. & Mag. Nat. Hist. IX
10(1922) 560.
A characteristic mountain species. Type locarity: Ruapehu,
3,700 feet, January 6,lgZZ (Watt).
Ohakurie, November l.'.4-.24,

in beechforest, November7, tgZB. Raetihi Hiil,\Y:^K?rigi,
2,800 feet,
November ZO,lgZB. Ruapehu,beechzone, January
12,1923; February 26, l92Z; 4,000to 4,b00fee! January 4_20,
t924.
153. MOLOPHILUS

FLAYIDULUS

Aterender.+

Molopluilus flaaid,ulus ALuxr,Nonn,Ann. & Mag. Nat. Hist.
IX 11( 1e23) 100.
Type locality: Ohakune, January tg, Lg22. Ohakune,
May10, 1923. Karioi, in beech forest, November T,]rg}g.
154. MOLOPHILUS

FLAVOMARGINALIS

Alexander.r

Molophilus flnaoma,rgina,Iis Ar,px^NpER, Ann. &Mag. Nat.
IX 12 (1923) 105_106.

Hist.

Type locality: Ohakune, November 14,lg2?..
155. MOLOPEILUS

flABRISIANUS

AtexanderJ

Molophilus ha,rrisiaTlus Ar,trANtEn,
15 (1925) 649*650.

Ann.

& Mag. Nat. Hist. IX

Type locality: Ruapehu,4,000to 4,b00feet, January 20, lg}4.
156. IIIOLOPHILUS

IIEXACANTf,US

Atexander.+

Molopluilus heracanthus Alpxa.Nom, Ann. & Mag.
Nat. Hist. IX
13 (L924' 667.

Type locality: Raetihi Hill, 2,900feet, November ZO,tg}g.

*,2Aleramrler: Ti,puloi,ileaof Nazu Zealanilr5?. UOLOPtrILUS EILA.RISAlerander.*
MolophiJtus hilarb Ar.txANDEE, Ann.
(1923) 99-100.

& Mag. Nat.

193
Hist.

IX

11

Type locality: Ohakune,January 24, 1922. Ohakune,December l,1922.
trOWESI Alexander-

168. UOLOPEILUS
Molnphitus

AT,ExANDER, Ann.

howesi

&

Mag.

Nat.

Hist.

IX

11

(1923) 195-196.

Spring. Ohakune,November 14-24, t922. Karioi, in beech
forest, November7, t923.
169. UOLOPEILUS

IRREGULARIS Aluander.*Motophittrc irregularis Alux.e.Nonn,Ann. & Mag. Nat. Hist. IX
11 (1923) 196-197.
Ruapehu,
mountain species. Type locality:
A characteristic

4,500feet. February 27,L922. Ohakune,November14-16 andDecembert-17,t922. Ruapehu,beechzone,3,000to 4,000feet,
January L2, L923;4,000to 4,500feet, January 4-20,1924,
160. MOLOPHILUS

LATIPENNIS

Alexanrler-t

Molophi.Ius tati.pennis ArcxANonn, Ann. & Mag' Nat. Hist' IX
12 (1923) 198-199.
A characteristic mountain species. Type locality: Ruapehu'

beechzone, 3,000 to 4,000 feet, January L2, L923. Ruapehu,
4,000to 4,500feet, January 20, L924.
161. DIOLOPEILUS LUTEIPYGUS Alexander.*

Molophitrus luteipygus Ar,ux.a.Nom,Ann. & Mag. Nat. tlist. IX 9(1922) 510-511.
Karioi, in beech forest, April 14, 1924.
162. UOLOPEILUS MACROCERUS Alexander.r

MotophitusnwcroceruaALExlNonn,Ann' & Mag:'Nat' Hist' rx 9
(rs22) 297-298.
Winter and early spring. Type loeality: Ohakune, September
14 to October 15, 1921. Ohakune, June 13, t923; July, 1921;
July 11, 1923.
163. DIOLOPEILUS

MOROSUS

Alexander.

Moloph,ilus rrwrosus AlExaNoEn, Ann. & Mag. Nat. Hist IX 12(1923) 104-105.

to 4,500feet, January20,L924,
Ruapehu,4,000
rs4. MOLOPEILUS

MULTICINCTUS

Edwards.

Molophitus mnlti,cinctus Enw.enos, Trans. N. Z. Inst. 54 (1923)
295.
Spring, fall, and early summer; presumably double brooded.

Ohakune,September23, L92l; October 10-31, 192L; November

1e2e

The Philippine Journal of Sci,ence

194

L2,1922, on mint; November 14-30, December 2*17, and January
18-28, !922; February 24, 7922, "about fifty or sixty of thesewere swarming over a damp patch, close to gto:und."-Harris;
May 2-16, 1923. Karioi, in beech forest, November 7, LgZ?.
165. MOLOPHILUS

NMICINCTUS

Alexander.*

Molophi,hts niaeicinctus Ar,nx.o,Nunn,Ann, & Mag, Nat. Hist, IX
1o (1522\ 560-561.

Type locality: Ruapehu,3,700feet, January 6, Lg22 (Watt).
166. MOLOPEILUS

OEAI(UNENSIS

Alexaniler.*

Molophilus quailri.fi.d.us
ohakunensisAlnxaxonn, Ann. & Mag. Nat.
Hist. IX 11 (1923) 102.
Type locality:

Ohakune, February

9 to March L0, L922,

Oha-kune, November30, 1922.
167. MOLOPIILUSOPPOSITUS

Alexander.*

Molophilus oppositus Alrxr.Nnrn, Ann. & Mag. Nat. Hist. IX 12( 1923) 201 .
Type locality:

Ruapehu, beech zone, 3,000 to 4,000 feet, Jan-uary 12, 1923.
168. MOLOPHILUS

PARVULUS

Alexander.i

Molophi,Ius paraulus(t922\ 146.

AlnxANonn,

Ann. & Mag. Nat. Hist.

IX

9Type localif,y: Ohakune, November 10, 1920.
169. MOLOPf,ILUS

PHILPOTTI

Alexander.

Moloplvilus philpotti Alux.l,NDne, Ann. & Mag. Nat. Hist. IX 9
(L922) t46-746.
Ruapehu, 3,700 feet, January 6, 1922 (Watt).
170. MOLOPHILUS

PLAGIATUS

Alexander.+

Molopluilus plagintus AloxLNoun, Ann. & Mag. Nat. Hist. IX S
(1922) 30L-302.
Spring, recurringin the fall; probably double brooded.

Type

locality: Ohakune, October 7-27, l9ZL Ohakune, October 27,
November 12-22, and December 23, 1922; April4, 1923. Karioi,
in beech forest, November 7,7923,
17r. MOLOPUILUS PULCEERRIMUS Edwards.

Mol,ophilus pulcher-ri,musEDwARDs,Trans. N. Z. Inst. 54 (1923)
296.

Summer. Ohakune,December17-31,LgZZ;December?, 1923.
Ruapehu,beech zone, 3,000 to 4,000 feet, January 15, L923;
Pebruary 27, 7922;4,000to 4,500feet, January 20, 1924; February 26,1922.

38,2

Tipuloid,ea of New Zealand,

Alerander:r?2 MOLOPIILUS

195

BEPANDUS Alexander.r

Molophi,Ius repanilus Ar,nxnNDnn,Ann. & Mag. Nat. Hist. IX 12(1923) 103-104.
Type locality: Ohakune, November 14-16, 1922.
t?t. MOLOPEILUS

Alexander-*SECUNDUS

Molophilus secundusALoxANonn,Ann' & Mag. Nat. Hist. IX 12(1923) 200.
Type locali{y: Ohakune, December L3, 1922.
174. MOLOPEILUS

Alexander.*SEPOSITUS

Moloph,i,Iussepositus Ar,nxlxpr.n" Ann. & Mag:. Nat. Hist. IX 11( 1923) 1 0 3 .
Type locality: Ohakune, December 22, t92L.
175. MOLOPHILUS

SUBLATERALIS

Alexander.*

Molophilus sublateralis AluxnNonR, Ann. & Mag. Nat. Hist. IX 9(1922) 302-303.
Ohakune, NovType locality: Ohakune, October 7-t5, t92L

ember L4, L922. Karioi, in beech forest, November 7, L923176. MOLOPHILUSSYLVICOLUS

Alexander.+Molnph,i,tusWlttinolus Alrxlnonn,(1924) 567-568.

Ann. & Mag. Nat. Hist. IX 13

Type locality: Karioi, in beechforest, November7, L923.
r7?. UOLOPEILUS

TANYPUS

Alexander.{

Molophitus to,nApus AlDrANunn, Ann. & Mag. Nat. Hist. IX 9
(Le22\ 298-299.

Spring. Type locality: Ohakune,September23, 1921.
1??a. MOLOPEILUS

TANYPUS COLORATUS Alexanilenr

Molophilus tanypus coloratus ALoxANorn, Ann. & Mag. Nat. Hist.
I X 11 ( 1 9 2 3 ) 1 9 7 .

Winter. Type locality: Ohakune,July, 1921.
1?8, MOLOPEILUS.

TENUISSIMUS

Alerander.*Motophilus terwisgimas AlnxANonn, Ann. & Mag. Nat. Ilist. IX 12(1523\ 202*203.
Type locality: Ohakune, December 13, t922.

179. DIOLOPEILUSTENUISTYLUS

Alexander'rMotophilus tenuistglusAmxANDon,Ann. & Mag. Nat. Hist. IX 12(1923) 104.
Type locality: Ohakune, November LL22, L922, Ohakune,

January 5, 1923. Raetihi Hill, 2,800feet, November30, 1923.
f80. MOLOPEILUSTERMINANS Alexandcr.r

Mol,oph,i,Ius termtind,ns

AlDrANuun,

Ann.

& Mag.

Nat.

Hist.

IX

I

(1922)5rt-5r2.
Type locality: Ohakune, November 6-15, L921, Ohakune,
November24 and DecemberL0, L922; January 5, L92g; "found

196

The Phili,ppi,ne Jourmlof Sci,errce

rez,near a culvert over a smarl creek. when at rest, regs spread,out, wings folded over back.',-Hamts.
r8f. MOLOPEILUS UNIPLAGIATUS

Atexsndcr.r

Molophilus uniptagiattu ArrxANDun, Ann. & Mag. Nat. Hist IX
12 (L923) 199_200.

A characteristicmountain,species. Type rocarity: Ruapehu,
beechforest, 8,000to 4,000feet, Deeembergl, LgZi, to January
12-15, 1923. In same locality, January 21, lg?g. Ruapehu,
4,000to 4,500feet, January 20, lg1g.
182. AUPIIINEURUS(AMPHINEURUS)

Am,phi.neunts

huilsoni.

EUDSONI Edwards.

EowARos,

Trans.

N. Z. Inst.

54(lg}g)

Zgg.

Late spring and summer. Ohakune, November 22, L}ZZ, ina half-dry swampy toetoe patch, with some trees and shrubs;
February 20, lgZZ. Karioi, in beeehforest, November i, LSZS.
Raetihi Hill, 2,800feet, November20-80, 1g28. Ruapehu,beechzone,January lZ, lg23; January 4, L924.
183. ANPSINEUBUS(AIIPSINEURUS)

LYRIFORIfIS

Atcrander..

Ampluineunts lyriformis Ar.oxaNoan, Ann. & Mag. Nat. Hist. IX
12 ( 1923 ) 1 0 1 .
Type locality:

Ohakune, December l,

1g22.

Ruapehu, beechzone,3,000to 4,000feet, January 12,1g2B;4,000to 4,bdOfeet,
January 4-20,1924.
r81. A!(PEINEURUS(AUPEIITEUBUS)SENEX Atuandcr-

ArnphineurassenenAr.trxtNDnR,
Ann. Ent. Soc.America15 (lgZZ)
225_226.
Ohakune, November ZZ,lgZZ, in a half-dry toetoe patch,,with a
few trees and shrubs. Ruapehu, beech zone, 8,000 to 4,000 feet,
January 12,1923;4,000 to 4,b00 feet, January 4*20, lg}4.
186. ADIPUINEURUS (NESORUOSIA) FATUUS (Errton).

Rhypholophusfatuu,s HurroN, Trans. N. Z. Inst. 94 (1900) 188.

_spring and early summer, recurring in the falr. ohakune,-November
22 and DecemberL-lg,lgZZ; January 5,irg2:g. Raetihi Hill, 2,800 feet, April g, LgZ4. Ruapehu,beechzone,8,000
to 4,000feet, January L2-!5,1928;4,000 to i,S00 fee! January
20,1924.
t80. AIIPIIINEURUS(NESORMOSIA) SUBFATUUS Aterander"rAm.phineurr* sublatuus Ar,n:r^Exoun,Ann. & Mag. Nat. Hist. IX
10 (1922) 87-88.
Spring and summer, possibly double brooded.

Type locality:

Ohakune,November18, 1921,to February 20, lg2L. Ohakune,
November 14-22, 1g22, lhe latter in a half-dry svrampy patch,chiefly of toetoe (Aru"nd,o conspi,cuaForster f.), withtu*
trees and shrubs; DecembertB,LSZZ;February Z0,LgZg."

*,2Alenander: Tipuloid,ea of New Zealand,

r87. AIIPFINEURUS(NOTEORIIOSIA)

FIUBRIATULUS

197

Alexander.

Amphineurus (Nothermasia\ f,mbriatulus ALtrANoEn, Ann. &Mag. Nat. Hist. IX 16 (L925, 76-76.

A paratype,Ohakune,March 8, 1923 (Tonnoir),188. AMPEINEURUS(NOTEORIIOSIA)GRACILISENTIS Alerander.tAmphi.neurusgraeiWentis ALrx{ANom, Ann. & Mag. Nat. Hist. IX
10 (1 9 2 2 ) 5 6 3 .

Type locality: Ruapehu,3,700feet, January 6, 1922 (Watt) ;Ohakune,July, 1921. Commonin the spring and fall, lingering
into the winter months in the bush and into the summer inthe mountains. Ohakune, November 14-18, l92L; December
l-13, L922; May 6-17 and June 13, L923; July 11-17, 1923,in
bush. Karioi, in beech forest, November 7, L923; April 14,
1924. Raetihi Hill, 2,800 feet, November 30, 1923; April 8,
L924. Ruapehu,beechzone, 3,000 to 4,000 feet, January 12,
1923; February 26, L922.
r89. AUPEINEURUS(NOTEOBIIOSIA)

Am,phinaunts

han'isi,EABBISI

AlExr,Num,

Alex.nder.i
Ann.

Mag.

&

Nat.

Hist.

IX

9

(1922) 304-305.

Type locality: Ohakune,OctoberL0,192L. Ohakune,November 8-24, 1922; May 10 and July L7, 1923. Karioi, in beech
forest, November 7, 1923; April L4, t924. Raetihi Hill, 2,800
feet, November 20--30,1923. Ruapehu,beech zone, 3,000 to
4,000feet, February 26,1922; 4O00 to 4,500feet, January 20,
1924.
r90. AMPFINDURUS (NOTEORMOSIA) TNSULSUS (Ilutton).

,insulsus
Hur?oN,Trans.N. Z. Inst.34 (1900)188.
Rhgpltolnphus
Spring and fall, in the mountainspersistinginto the summer;
probably double brooded. Ohakune,October l-27 and.November 3-28, l92L; December2, L922; December13-23, 1921; May
10, 1923. Karioi, in beechforest, November7, 1923; April 14,7924. Raetihi Hill, 2,800feet, November20-30, 1923; April 8,
L924. Ruapehu,beech zone, 3,000 to 4,000 feet, January 12,1923.
l9r. AUPHINEURUS(NOTHORMOSIA) NOTIIOFAGI Alexander.r

Amplvineurus

nothofagi,

ALEXANDEE,

Ann.

&

Mag.

Nat.

Hist.

IX

16 (1925)76.
Type locality: Karioi, in beech forest, April14, 1924.
192. AIIPFINEURUS(NOTEORMOSIA) PATRUELIS Alerander.*Amphineunrc (Nothortnosta) patru.elis Ar,nx.lNprn, Ann. & Mag.
Nat IIisL IX 16 (1925) ?8.

Ohakune,October 10-15, t92l; November 8-14 and December
4,1922.

ILLUSTRATION
Tsxr Frc. 1. Sketch map indicating the limits of Ohakune district andTongariro Park, North Island, New Zealand (1908).
199