★★★＜第１３回知的財産翻訳検定試験【第６回英文和訳】＞★★★

≪１級課題 -機械工学-≫【解答にあたっての注意】
１．＊＊＊START＊＊＊から＊＊＊END＊＊＊までを和訳してください。
２．解答語数に特に制限はありません。
３．課題文に段落番号がある場合、これを訳文に記載してください。
４．課題は３題あります。それぞれの課題の指示に従い、３題すべて解答してください。

[問１] 次のクレーム（claims）を日本語に翻訳して下さい。
なお、翻訳にあたってはクレームの後ろの明細書の記載（抜粋）および図面を参考にして下さい。

＊＊＊START＊＊＊

1.

A fluid flow meter comprising:a fitting which is adapted to be attached to a pipeline and extends atleast partially through an insertion aperture thereof having a diameter of lessthan 30 mm such that a first end of the fitting is disposed in the pipeline;
a measurement cylinder having a length of more than 30 mm, pivotally
attached to the first end of the fitting, and including a fluid vortex generating
obstruction; anda sensor body extending through the fitting and having a sensor element
at an end thereof which is at least partially disposed in the measurement cylinder
so as to be downstream the obstruction and be aligned with the obstruction, andwhich detects fluid vortices generated by the obstruction;

wherein the measurement cylinder is selectively movable to a position
substantially transverse to the primary axis of the fitting and substantiallyparallel to fluid flowing through the pipeline.

＊＊＊END＊＊＊【参考】明細書の記載（抜粋）TECHNICAL FIELD
The present invention relates to a flow meter based on the principle of vortex.

BACKGROUND
There is a continuing need for a vortex flow meter which is capable ofbeing inserted into valves and pipelines having insert apertures or bosses witha diameter of less than 1.0 inch (approximately 25 mm).

PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS
The flow meter is substantially comprised of a fitting 102 having ameasurement cylinder 104 pivotally attached to an end thereof. A sensor body
106 having a sensor 108 at an end thereof is received within the hollow fitting
102. A locking ring 110 securely connects the fitting 102 and the sensor body106. A head unit 112 is attached to the end of the sensor body 106.
The measurement cylinder 104 is pivotally attached to the fitting 102 ,such as by means of pins 114 and 116, so as to be positioned in alignment withthe fitting 102 , and move to a position substantially transverse to thefitting 102. The fitting 102 and measurement cylinder 104 have an outer diameter
which is less than the inner diameter of the insertion aperture 14, so as to beinserted therethrough and into the valve or pipeline 10. The fitting 102 issecured to the valve or pipeline 10 by means of threaded engagement between thethreads 118 of the fitting 102 and those of the insertion aperture 14. The
fluid passes through the cylinder 104 and encounters an obstruction, sometimes
referred to in the art as a bluff body 142.

[問２] 次の背景技術の記載を和訳して下さい。英文の細かい表現にとらわれず、原文の意図が和文に正確に反映されるように翻訳して下さい。

＊＊＊START＊＊＊[0002] In printing systems with a collection of modules transporting substrate
media using belts, slight skew misalignment of the modules will cause the module
exit and entry velocity vectors to be misaligned. As substrate media istransferred between two modules, the difference in these velocity vector
accumulates. The accumulation will translate into substrate media positioning
errors between module exit and entry points, particularly in a cross-process
direction. Such errors can cause large push, pull or shearing forces to begenerated, which transmit to the substrate media being transported. Medium andlight-weight substrate media cannot generally support large forces, which willcause wrinkling, buckling or tearing of such media.

[0003] Additionally, in overprinting systems more than one module is used toprint onto each substrate media. In a belt driven overprinting system, substrate
media is transported by belts from an image transfer zone in one module to an
image transfer zone in another module. Thus, pushing, pulling or shearing forceson the substrate media can lead to image and/or color registration errors due toundesirable substrate media position or motion through the image transfer zone.

＊＊＊END＊＊＊[問３] 次の実施例の抜粋を和訳して下さい。英文の細かい表現にとらわれず、原文の意図が和文に正確に反映されるように翻訳して下さい。

＊＊＊START＊＊＊[0020] Fig. 1 is a cross-sectional view of a vent 150 of a mask according to anembodiment of the present invention, applicable to clinical settings. The vent
150 is intended for the use with a mask that requires a higher vent flow rate at
low pressure. The vent 150 can be designed to work alone or in combination witha fixed bleed such as a fixed flow area bleed orifice. Where the vent 150
operates alone, it is preferably designed so that the flap 152 does notcompletely cover the vent orifice 160 and fully close the vent 150 under normal
operating conditions.

[0021] It is preferable that the flap 152 be constructed of a lightweightmaterial for fast response to pressure changes in the mask. However, the materialmust have sufficient stiffness to provide a spring bias against pressure changes
in the mask yet the working stress of the flap is preferably designed to be below
the endurance limit of the material to prevent fatigue failure from therepetitive alternating stress imposed by opening and closing the vent orifice.
The strain is preferably designed to be below 1% at maximum deflection to prevent
creep failure. The material thickness, material properties and the radius ofcurvature of the housing mainly control the stress and strain of the flap 152
and one or more of these parameters can be altered to adjust the stress and strain
in the flap. The flap material is preferably made of a thin film and of a grade
acceptable for medical application. Tolerances in the material thickness are
preferably less than 10% to reduce variability in performance.

＊＊＊END＊＊＊