Responding to ageing society inAsia: JICA’s work and experience
Yasuyo Okumoto
Office for Gender Equality and Poverty Reduction,
Japan International Cooperation Agency (JICA)
March, 2015

JICA’s projects for ageing Asia
On-going project

Finished projects

Jiangxi in China Teacher
Training Project for Care
Giving for Seniors（2009-2012）

Project on the Developmentof Community-based
Integrated Health Care andSocial Welfare Services Modelfor Thai Older Persons(2007-2011)
Project on Long-term careservice development for thefrail elderly and othervulnerable people(2013-2017)
Project forStrengthening Social
Security System(2014-2017)

Ageing in Thailand• One of the fastest ageing countries in Asia (22years from 7%(2001)→14%(2023 exp.)）• As of 2013, sex ratio is 81 (81 males per 100female)

Source: Situation of theThai Elderly 2013, TGRIProjects in Thailand• Project on the Development of Community-based Integrated
Health Care and Social Welfare Services Model for Thai OlderPersons (CTOP) Nov.2007-Nov.2011– developing community-based integrated service model for
elderly people• Project of Long-term Care Service Development for the Frail
Elderly and other Vulnerable People （LTOP) Jan.2013-Aug.2017– developing policy recommendation for the future long-termcare service model for bed-ridden elderly① Project on the Development of a Community Based
Integrated Health Care and Social Welfare Services Model for
Older Persons（CTOP)“Integrated service model” of CTOP
 Involvement of different authorities which cover different
domains such as health, social welfare, etc. (Multi-Agency
involvement & Cross Sectoral Target) Partnership at community between related authorities &local general residents, based on strong local ownership Wide variety of services and supports for elderly withdifferent needs (= services & activities for independent/dependent / bed-ridden elderly)① Project on the Development of a Community Based
Integrated Health Care and Social Welfare Services Model for
Older Persons（CTOP)
Partnership between
CTOP Team
Local Authority
at Tambon level

Community
Hospitalauthorities & general residents

Cross sectoral cooperation
between Related Authorities
Provincial officeof MSDHS

Socialactivities

Community
Leaders

Volunteers

HealthCenter
Close Dialogue

Provincial officeof MOPH

Positive Participation
by local general residents
Elderly clubMembersGeneralResidents

Healthpromotion

Wide variety of services/activities
for elderly with different needs
HealthRehabilitation
TrainingCheckHome
Care

Independentelderly

Dependent
elderly

Bed-ridden
elderly

CashBenefit6

Bang si thong (NT): TAO owned Rehabilitation Center
Rehabilitation center is a kind of multi-purpose center which provides various services for
elderly with different needs & conditions. Volunteer workers at the center are technicallysupported by a network of high skill professions. Center is operated by Administrative
Committee where elderly club members play important roles, that’s why the operation ofthe center is based on real local ownership.
National Institutions for
Rehabilitation/Disability

Nurse

Bang Si Thong TAO

Rehabilitation Center

Technicalsupport

Volunteers at community:
Daily life support

Volunteers Technicalsupport Budget
at center
Information
Sharing

PTs
Regional/Community
Hospitals

Technicalsupport

Rehabilitation at center

Physicians/Nurses/PTs

Administrative Committee iscomposed of Elderly clubmembers and other stakeholders.

Rehabilitation
at homeDependent Elderlyat community

Health Promotion, Care-giver training,
Field Trips, Social activities, etc.

Strong LocalOwnership
Independent Elderly at community 7② Project of Long-term Care Service Development for the Frail
Elderly and other Vulnerable People （LTOP)• Outcome expected– Results from 6 piloted provinces will guide
Thai policy makers on aged care
– “the Service Model” developed andutilised effectively and sustainably– Development of Programs for the elderly
and their care coordinators & care workers

② Project of Long-term Care Service Development for the Frail
Elderly and other Vulnerable People （LTOP)

Source：LTOP caregivers’
baseline survey,
LTOP Project
Team, 2014

Effects of projects from Gender
Perspective“Integrated service model” (CTOP)→ provide opportunities for elderly men/women to“participate” as community service provider→ strengthen network in the community for elderly
men/women especially living alone by receiving various kindsof services→ promote “community based care” instead of “home basedcare” which tend to be on women’s burden“Long-term service model for Frail elderly” (LTOP)→ would provide quality service for elderly women→ would reduce burden of the female family members,
especially daughters