lek
fo pk jj,dhdj.k dh vfHkO;fDr dk eap

izFke izdk”ku ] vDrwcj 2012;g lwpuki= mu lHkh yksxksa dk ,d iz;Ru gS tks
fodykaxrk ds izfr laosnu”khy gaS & pkgs os [kqn fodykax
O;fDr gksa ;k muds lgk;d] nksLr] Lo;alsoh] uhfr cukus
okys vf/kdkjh ;k dksbZ fo”ks’kK gksaA ;g lwpuki= ge
lHkh dks viuh Hkkoukvksa vkSj viuh vkdka{kkvksa dks
izdV djus ds fy, ,d leku eap vkSj ekSdk nsrk gS A
geus bl laokn dks QkWUV] varj vkSj

lekpkj&fopkj ds bl izdk”ku ds eqn~nksa ij feydj dk;Zlajs[k.k ds ekeys esa tgk¡ rd gks ldk gS

djus ds nkSjku] ge lHkh us viuh {kerkvksa dk vuqHko

lqyHk cukus dk iz;kl fd;k gSA

fd;k (O;fDrxr o laxfBr :i ls ) vkSj dkQh

vkWfM;ks vkSj czsy izfr;ksa ds fy, vkSj
;ksxnku Hkstus ds fy, gesa bl irs ij
fy[ksa %,D”ku QkWj ,chfyVh MsoysiesUV ,aM
bUDywt+u2] cychj lDlsuk ekxZ ] gkSt+ [kklubZ fnYyh & 16

larks’ktud jgk A bl dk;Z dks laiUu djus ds fy, mu
lHkh lnL;ksa ls laidZ fd;k x;k ftuls ge igys de
ifjfpr Fks Abl dk;Z dks vkxs c<+krs le; geus ijLij;ksX;rkvksa dks le>k] ljkgk rFkk mUgas uohu dk;Z{ks=ksa
tSls ladYiuk djuk] laiknu] vuqokn rFkk :ijs[kkcukus eas iz;ksx fd;k A D;ksafd ;g eap vius vkilh

vuqHkoksa ds vknku & iznku djus ds fy, gS blfy, gebZ esy % aadi@aadi-india.org
vius ikBdksa ls blesa lfEefyr gksus dh vis{kk j[krsosc lkbV % www.aadi-india.org
gSaA bl iz;kl ls gesa ;g vk”kk gS fd ge lc feydj
bl fo”o dks csgrj txg cuk ldrs gSa A
1izR;{k fn[kkbZ nsus dh vko”;drk- ve`r gyku

fofHkUu fodykaxrkvksa esa lqxerk dh leL;k fo”oO;kihgSA ysfdu Hkkjr esa vKkurko”k o vlqxe lkoZtfud ofuth LFkkuksa ds dkj.k ;g leL;k xaHkhj gSA
Li’V ckr dgw¡ rks esjk ekuuk gS fd vKkurk dsoy fodykaxrk ls tqM+h ugha gS cfYd euq’; ds
izfr vKku jguk gekjs ns”k dh lkekftd cqfu;kn esa dwV&dwV dj Hkjk gqvk gS A
xk¡o vkSj “kgjksa esa O;kIr mnklhurk vkSj vKkurk ds ckotwn vlqxerk dh leL;k dks gYds lsugha fy;k tk ldrk A vf/kdrj ;g mnklhurk dh cqfu;kn fodykax yksxksa ds vn`”; jgus esa
gSA blfy, ge fdlh Hkh xk¡o ] lM+d ;k jkLrs ij fodykax O;fDr dks vDlj ugha ns[krs A
mUgsa ;k rks Hkxk fn;k tkrk gS ;k fQj og Loa; pkj nhokjh ds Hkhrj jguk ilan djrs gSa A
vkidks lqxe LFkku pkfg, rks

gk¡] ;g lp ckr gS fd ;krk;kr ds lk/ku lqxe ugha gaS

loZizFke vkidks mu LFkkuksa ij tkuk ysfdu ;g leL;k ljdkjh ;krk;r rd lhfer ugha gSA
gksxk ….yksxksa dks voxr djkuk

bl leL;k ls lEcfU/kr vU; Hkh iz”u mBrs gaS] tSls

gksxk] fd vkidks fdu dfBukb;ksa dk gekjs nksLr vkSj fj”rsnkjksa ds ?kj fdrus lqxe gSa \vkidk viuk ?kj fdl gn rd fodykax O;fDr ds fy,
lkeuk djuk iM+rk gSa A
lqxe gS\
eku yhft, fd vkidks lqxe ;krk;kr dk lk/ku fey Hkh tk, ij fQj Hkh ml txg ij
igq¡p dj vki vius vklikl ds {ks=ksa dks vlqxe ikrs gSa A mnkgj.k ds fy, vki cl ls
mrjdj Hkh lM+d blfy, ikj ugha dj ikrs D;ksafd lM+d ds chp ,d cM+k vkSj cnlwjr
foHkktd feyrk gS ;k iVjh VwVh gqbZ feyrh gS A;fn vki tSls&rSls lM+d esa ?kql Hkh tk,¡]
ij ftl O;fDr ls vki feyus x, gaS] gks ldrk gS og igyh eafty ij jgrs gksa ;k vki dks
vanj tkus ds fy, dqN lhf<+;k¡ p<+uh iMa+s ;k vkids vkSj njokts+ ds chp dksbZ [kqyh ukyh gks
ldrh gSA leL;k,¡ rks vuUr gaS ijarq iz”u ;g gS fd vki budk lkeuk dSls djsaxsa \2

bl leL;k dk lek/kku vklku rks ugha gS ijUrq blls fuiVus ds fy, vki “kq:vkr vius dks
vf/kd izR;{k cukdj dj ldrs gsaS] tgk¡ rd vkidk tkuk eqefdu gks] ogk¡ T;knk ls T;knk tk,¡A
pkgs vki fdlh xk¡o] “kgj] jkt/kkuh ;k eksgYys esa jgrs gksa] dksf”k”k djsa fd vki lekt dk
fgLlk cuasA ,slk djuk dfBu gks ldrk gS ij vlEHko ughaA ,d ckj tc vkius ckgj
fudyuk “kq: dj fn;k] vpkud vkus okyh leL;kvksa vkSj ifjfLFkfr;ksa dk lkeuk djuk “kq:dj fn;k ] rc vki Lo;a u, lek/kku [kkstik,¡xsa A esjk ;g lq>ko ifjdfYir ugha gS D;ksafd
eSaus Bksdjsa [kkdj] leL;kvksa o #dkoVksa dk gy
fudkyus dk lh/kk&lh/kk vuqHko fd;k gSA ftruk,d ckj tc vkius ckgj fudyuk “kq:fn;k] vpkud vkus okyh leL;kvksa vkSj
ifjfLFkfr;ksa dk lkeuk djuk “kq: dj
fn;k ] rc vki Lo;a u, lek/kku [kkstik,asxsa

ckgj tkdj yksxksa ls feysaxs] mruk gh og
vkidh mifLFkfr ls ifjfpr gksaxsa Alkekftd
cnyko ,sls gh ?kj cSBdj ugha vk ldrk A
vxj vkidks lqxe LFkku pkfg, rks loZizFke
vkidks mu LFkkuksa ij tkuk gksxk tks vlqxe
gaS vkSj fQj yksxksa dks voxr djkuk gksxk fd
vkidks fdu dfBukb;ksa dk lkeuk djuk iM+rk gS]

lqxe ;krk;kr dk mnkgj.k

rc mu lHkh O;fDr;ksa esa ls de ls de dqN yksx rks ;g lkspus ij etcwj gksaxas] fd ;g VwVh
lhf<+;ksa dh txg ,d jSEi D;ksa ugha cu ldrk\
esjs vuqlkj blh izdkj ls ,d lqxe lekt dh mRifÙk gks ldrh gS] u fd dsoy vkjkenk;d?kj ij cSBs &cSBs gkykrksa ij “kksd eukus ls A
blfy, esjk vkxzg gS fd vki lHkh vius ?kjksa ls ckgj fudfy, ] gks ldrk gS dsoy lM+d ds
ml ikj gh tkuk gks] ij yksxksa dh n`f’V esa t:j vk,¡ A

3

vkfn dk lQj,d ,slh nqfu;k ftlesa fodykax O;fDr lekt dk ,d varjax fgLlk gks rFkk mUgsa
lEiw.kZ thou thus ds fy, cjkcj lqfo/kk,¡ rFkk volj miyC/k gks A
izcU/k dh :ijs[kk vkSj mldk gekjs dke ij izHkko
Hkkjr ds ;w-,u-lh-vkj-ih-Mh ds vuqleFkZu djus ls lHkh fodykax O;fDr;ksa dks lEeku ds lkFk
thus dk vf/kdkj izkIr gksrk gSA lHkh fodykax O;fDr;ksa
dks vius thou ds ckjs esa Lo;a fu.kZ; ysus] leqnk;
esa jgus] ifjokj c<+kus vkSj f”k{kk] LokLF;] euksjatu ojkst+xkj rd igq¡p dk vf/kdkj izkIr gS A fu%”kqYd vkSj

fiNys 34 o’kksZ ls vkfn eas geus vius
dk;Z dks fodykax O;fDr;ksa dh t:jrksa
ds vk/kkj ij gh fn”kk nh gS vkSjl”kDr gksdj vkxs c<+s gSa A

vfuok;Z f”k{kk ds vf/kdkj }kjk fodykax cPpksa ds fy, lesfdr f”k{kk ds jkLrs [kqy tkrs gSaA
orZeku esa gekjs dke ds Qksdl ds mnkgj.k gSa &“kgjh vkSj xzkeh.k leqnk; ij vk/kkfjr dk;Zdze
gekjs dk;Zdze dk dsanz fcanq fodykax O;fDr;ksa ds okl vkSj iquZokl dh vko”;drkvksa ij vk/kkfjr
gS A xzkeh.k dk;Zdze tgk¡ Qjhnkckn ftys ds cYyHkx<+ CykdW esa dk;Z djrk gS ogha “kgjh dk;Zdze
dh “kq:vkr nf{k.kh fnYyh ds NRrjiqj {ks= ls gSA lkeqnkf;d Lrj ij gekjk iz;kl gS fd fodykax
O;fDr tgk¡ jgrk gS ge mls mlh leqnk; eas fudVre LFkku ij LokLF;] f”k{kk] jkst+xkj vkSj
lkekftd lqfo/kkvkas dh O;ofLFkr dj mUgsa “kfDr”kkyh cuk,¡ vkSj lqfo/kkvksa dks c<+k,¡A
O;fDrxr Lrj ij gekjk iz;kl vf/kd ls vf/kd O;fDr dh vkRefuHkZjrk o thou ds izR;sd {ks=tSls “kkjhfjd ] ekufld] lkekftd ] O;kolkf;d ;ksX;rk dk iwjk lekos”ku o Hkkxhnkjh izkIr
djus o cuk, j[kus dk gksrk gS A
· fnYyh uxj fuxe ds lkFk gekjk iz;kl dk;Ziz.kkyh esa cnyko ykdj lHkh ds fy, f”k{kk esa
xq.koRrk ykuk gS ftlesa fodykax Nk= Hkh “kkfey gSa A· jktLFkku ds vyoj eas cks/k f”k{kk laLFkku ds lkFk gekjk dk;Z vPNh f”k{kk ds rjhds
viukdj lesfdr f”k{kk dks c<+kok nsuk vkSj fodykax Nk=ksa dks O;fDrxr lg;ksx nsuk gSA
4

{kerk fuekZ.k dk;Zdze;g bl fo”okl ds lkFk cuk gS fd lekt esa lHkh lsok iznku djus okyksa rd fodykax O;fDr;ksa
dh igq¡p cus ] pkgs os v/;kid] MkWDVj ] odhy ] bathfu;j ;k okLrqdkj gksa A fodykax O;fDr;ksa
dks Hkh viuh fo”ks’k {kfr ls lEcfU/kr lsokvksa ds fy, is”ksoj yksxksa dh vko”;drk gksrh gS ftlds
fy, cgqxkeh dk;ZdrkZvkas dh ifjdYiuk dh tk jgh gS rkfd ekuo lalk/ku dh vko”;drkvksa dksu, mnkgj.kksa ds lkFk iwjk dj ldsA geus Hkh bl izfdz;k ds fy, fodykax O;fDr;ska ] is”ksojksa
vkSj vfHkHkkodksa ds lkFk izf”k{k.k dh igy “kq: dj nh gS A
laHko & lekos”ku dks laHko djrs gq, vkfn eas fLFkr bl ;g lqfuf”pr djuk fd fodykax O;fDr Hkh
ifj;kstuk dk mn~ns”; fodykax O;fDr;ksa o muds lkFk

ekuo vf/kdkjksa dk vkuUn ys ik jgs gaS] ;gvkfn eas vkusokys laj{kdksa ds fy, ,slh izfdz;k dh vksj gS izfdz;k /kheh vkSj vleku gSA ysfdu ;g lHkh
tks mudh t:jrksa] fgr ] lqj{kk vkSj LFkkf;Ro dks

vkfFkZd vkSj lkekftd iz.kkfy;ksa esa txg cuk

fodflr dj ldsA ;gk¡ Hkh ge lHkh vk;q oxZ o lHkh

jgk gS A ;g ekuo vf/kdkjksa ds vUrZxr ewY;ksa

izdkj dh fodykaxrk ds lkFk dke djrs gSaA us”kWuy VªLV ls izsfjr gS A izR;sd vkSj gj balku dh vewY;
ds lg;ksx ls cuk us”kuy fjlkslZ lsaVj ?kj]n¶rj] f”k{kk]laokn] xfr”khyrk ds lk/ku vkSj euksjatu ds lqxe lk/kuksa
dks iznf”kZr djrk gSA;g ,d izn”kZu LFky ds lkFk izf”k{k.k
LFkku Hkh gSA ;gk¡ O;fDr vkSj ifjokj O;fDrxr tk¡p]lg;ksx rFkk Hkfo’; ;kstuk ds fy, okWd bu lfoZlt@
baVuZf”ki ds }kjk igq¡p ldrs gSaA gekjs }kjk O;fDr ds

xfjek] Lok;Rrrk ;k vkRefu.kZ; dh vo/kkj.kk;g ek¡x djrh gS fd O;fDr dks mls izHkkfor
djus okys fu.kZ;ksa ds dsUnz esa j[kk tk,]vlekurkvksa ds ckotwn fufgr lekurkvksa dks

lekt ds }kjk mfpr lkekftd leFkZu ds lkFk
O;fDr dh Loar=rk dks cuk, j[kus dhvko”;drk gS A fodykaxrk vkSj ekuokf/kdkj &lkFk fd, tkus okys dk;ksZa esa vkJ; ]vkthfodk vkSj

la;qDr jk’VªO;olk;] LokLF;] f”k{kk] laca/k] euksjatu] igpku rFkk

tsjkMZ fDou vkSj Fkhfjfl;k MhDohuj

nq:i;ksx ] mis{kk o nqO;Zogkj ls cpko o lqj{kk “kkfey
gSA

5

“kgj dh ck/kk,¡
T;ksfrdk“kgjksa esa muds fuokfl;ksa dks nsus ds fy, cgqr dqN feyrk gS A
bu “kgjksa dk fuekZ.k u dsoy O;ofLFkr gS ] cfYd ;g f”k{kk ]euksjatu ] lsgr ] O;olk; vkSj vkokxeu vkfn dh lqfo/kk,¡
Hkh nsrs gSaA blds ckotwn dqN iz”u gSa ftudk mRrj feyukvko”;d gS tSls D;k bu dLcksa vkSj “kgj dh fuekZ.k O;oLFkk,slh gS ftldsk fodykax O;fDr Hkh viuh lqfo/kk vuqlkj
mi;ksx dj lds\ D;k fodykax O;fDr bu “kgjksa esa viuh
lqfo/kkuqlkj lqjf{kr fopj.k dj ldrs gaS \ D;k oks LorU=:i ls ckgj tkrs gq, [kqn dks lqjf{kr eglwl djrs gSa\
,sls iz”uksa ij jks”kuh Mkyus ds fy, ;gk¡ ,d fodykax efgyk
us vius fuEufyf[kr thou vuqHko crk,a gaS tks fd mUgsa nks

D;k bu dLcksa vkSj “kgj dh
fuekZ.k

O;oLFkk,slhgS

ftldsk fodykax O;fDr Hkh
viuh lqfo/kk vuqlkj mi;ksx
dj lds\ns”kksa esa feys gSa A
2012& T;ksfrdk dk fnYyh ds xzsVj dSyk”k ekdsZV dk nkSjk
eSa nf{k.k fnYyh ds xzsVj dSyk”k dkyksuh esa vius ifjokj ds
lkFk jgrh g¡w A 29 tqykbZ jfookj dks eSa viuh Oghyps;jij bl {ks= esa ?kweus xbZ A xzsVj dSyk”k eas vlery lM+das
gSa ftl ij txg&txg xM~<s ] LihM czsdj vkSj lhoj ds<Ddu gSa ftlls lokjh djus esa dfBukbZ gksrh gSA lM+d
dh ;g fLFkfr baXySaM dh rqyuk esa Hkkjr esa T+;knk ns[kus dks
feyrh gS A

6

1990 T;ksfrdk dk foYVu ikdZ dk nkSjk ] bXySaM
foYVu ikdZ ds vUnj tkrs le; gesa yEcs vkSj Åaps dksfuQj ds isM+ fn[kkbZ nsrs gaS A bUgha
isM+ksa ds lkeus dkj ikfdZax gS A blh dkj ikfdaZx ls xqtjdj ge cPpksa ds [ksyus ds eSnku
esa vk tkrs gSa tgk¡ ,d ,slh <yku gS ftl ij Oghyps;j vkSj cXxh vklkuh ls pykbZ tk
ldrh gSA bl eSnku esa dqN >wys tSls lh & lkW] LykbM ] cPpksa dh lokjh ds fy, nks
NksVs ?kksM+s gaS ] tks ydM+h ls cus gaS ftlls cPpksa dh lqj{kk lqfuf”pr gksrh gSA foYVu
ikdZ esa eSaus vius ekrk & firk ds lkFk bUgh >wyksa vkSj ?kksM+ksa ij lokjh dh gSA eq>s bldh
fQly iV~Vh ij fQlyuk cgqr ilan Fkk D;ksafd ;g ydfM+;ksa ls fufeZr Fkh] eq>s vkxs ihNs
rsth ls >wyuk vPNk yxrk Fkk vkSj ml jksekap esa esjh ph[k fudy tkrh Fkh A

N% phts+ [kksts tks dSUVhu esa ,dhdj.k dks n”kZkrk gS

mRrj vafre i`’B ij

7;w-,u- lh-vkj-ih-Mhfodyakx yksxksa ds lewg us feydj bl ;w-,u-lh-vkj-ih-Mh- dks cuk;k gS A lewg ds lnL;
dbZ vyx ns”kksa ls FksA bl varjk’Vªh; vf/kfu;e dh enn ls gekjs ns”k ds dkuwuksa esa Hkh
cnyko yk;k tk,xk] D;ksafd gekjs ns”k us bl vf/kfu;e ij gLrk{kj fd;s gaS A vc ;g gekjs
ns”k dk drZO; Hkh cu x;k gS fd gekjs dkuwuksa dks cnyk tk,A
bl dUosa”ku dk mÌs”; gS fd fodykax O;fDr;ksa ds ekuokf/kdkjksa vkSj ewyHkwr Lora=rk dks
c<+kok feys vkSj og mldk iwjk vkuUn mBk ldsa vkSj mudh izfr’Bk (dignity) dk lEeku gksA;w-,u-lh-vkj-ih-Mh ds vuqlkj fodykaxrk D;k gS ?
fodykaxrk “kkjhfjd] ekufld] lkekftd o ckSf}d Hkh gks

fodykaxrk “kkjhfjd] ekufld]

ldrh gSA lekt esa mifLFkr ck/kk vkSj fodykaxrk dh

lkekftd o ckSf/kd Hkh gks ldrh

otg ls fodykax O;fDr vius vf/kdkj iwjh rjg ls ugha

gSA lekt esa ck/kk vkSj

ikrs gSaA bl fLFkfr dks fodykaxrk dgk tkrk gS A

fodykaxrk dh otg ls fodykax
O;fDr vius vf/kdkj iwjh rjg;w-,u-lh-vkj-ih-Mh ds fgLls &ls ugha ikrs gSaA bl fLFkfr dks

bl varjkZ’Vªh; vf/kfu;e@ dUosa”ku dks rhu fgLlksa esa fodykaxrk dgk tkrk gS A
ckaVk tk ldrk gSAigyk] /kkjk 1 ls 9 tks bldh uhao gS A bu /kkjkvksa ds}kjk ge bl vf/kfu;e ds mÌs”; dks le> ldrs gSaA
fodykaxrk ls tqM+s ] eqÌksa vkSj vf/kdkjksa ds ckjs esa
le> ldrs gSa A bu /kkjkvksa ds }kjk fodyakx yksxksa ds
vf/kdkjksa dks vkSj et+cwr fd;k tk ldrk gS A
8

nwljk] /kkjk 10 ls 30 rd iwjk gksrk gSA bu /kkjkvksa ds }kjk fodykax O;fDr vius vf/kdkj
iw.kZ :Ik ls ik ldrs gSaA
rhljk] /kkjk 31 ls 50] rd ftlls fodykax yksxksa ds vf/kdkj vkSj Hkh et+cwr curs gSA bu/kkjkvksa ls gekjs vf/kdkjksa ds mYya?ku gksus ls cpko o lqj{kk feyrh gSA ;g /kkjk,¡ ljdkj
dh ftEesnkjh;ksa ds ckjs esa crkrh gS vkSj varjk’Vªh; ns”kksa ds ckjs essa Hkh crkrh gS A
;w-,u-lh-vkj-ih-Mh ds fl}kUr&§

izfr’Bk (dignity) dk lEeku]

vius fu.kZ; ysus dh Lora=rk vkSj
O;fDr dh Lora=rkA§

HksnHkko u djuk A§

lekt eas lekos”k vkSj iw.kZ o izHkkoh HkkxhnkjhA§

fodykax O;fDr euq’; tkfr dk ,d vax gS vr% mudh fofHkUurk dk lEeku gksukpkfg,A§leku voljksa dk vf/kdkjA§

lqxerk§efgykvkas vkSj iq:’kksa esa lekurkA§

cPpksa dh mHkjrh izfrHkk dk lEekuA cPpksa dh igpku dks lqjf{kr j[kus dk vf/kdkj A;w-,u-lh-vkj-ih-Mh- dh /kkjk,sa&
1 mÌs”;

24f”k{kk2

ifjHkk’kk,Wa

25

LokLF;

3lkekU; fl}kUr

26izokl vkSj iquZokl

4

lkekU; nkf;Ro

27

dk;Z vkSj jkst+xkj dk vf/kdkj

5

lekurk vkSj HksnHkko u djuk

28

i;kZIr jgu&lgu o lkekftd lqj{kk6

fodykax efgyk,¡

29

jktuSfrd vkSj lkoZtfud thou esa

7

fodykax cPps

Hkkxhnkjh
9

8

tkx:drk QSykuk

9lqxerk10

thou thus dk vf/kdkj

31

vkadM+s vkSj vkadM+k laxgz

11[krjs dh ifjfLFkfr vkSj ekuorkoknh

32

varjkZ’Vªh; lg;ksx

vkikr fLFkfr

33

jk’Vªh; dk;kZUo;u vkSj fuxjkuh

12

dkuwu ds vkxs leku :i ls ekU;rk

34

fodyakx O;fDr;ksa ds vf/kdkjksa ij

13

U;k; ij igqap

14

fodykax O;fDr dh lqj{kk o Lora=rk

30

lkaLd`frd thou] euksjtau] vodk”k o[ksy&dwn esa Hkkxhnkjh

lfefr
35

jkT; ds i{kdkjksa }kjk fjiksVZ

15 fodykax O;fDr;ksa dks ;krukvksa]

36

fjiksZVksa ij fopkj

funZ;rk ] dBksj ;k viekutud

37

ljdkj vkSj lfefr ds chp lg;ksx

O;ogkj vkSj ltk ls Lora= j[kuk38vU; fudk;ksa ds lkFk lfefr dk laca/k“kks’k.k] fujknj vkSj nqO;Zogkj ls

39

lfefr dh fjiksVZ

Lora=rk40

jkT; i{kdkjksa dk lEesyu

17

O;fDr dh izfr’Bk dh lqj{kk41

fu{ksi/kkjh (fMikftVjh)

18dgha Hkh vkus&tkus dh Lora=rk vkSj

42

gLrk{kj

jk’Vªh;rk43

lgefr dk ck/;dkjh gksuk

Lora=rk ls jgus vkSj leqnk; eas

44{ks=h; ,dhdj.k laxBu

lEefyr gksuk

45

Ykkxw gksukO;fDrxr xfr”khyrk ] dgha Hkh vius

46

vkj{k.k ¼ fu.kZ; lqjf{kr j[kuk ½

tkus dh Lora=rk vkSj jk’Vzh;rk

47

la”kks/ku

vfHkO;fDr djus vkSj n`f’Vdks.k j[kus48izR;k[;kudh Lora=rk vkSj tkudkfj;ksa rd ig¡qp49

lqyHk izk:i22

xksiuh;rk ds fy, lEeku

50

izkekf.kd ikB

23?kj o ifjokj ds fy, fodyakx

16

19

20

21

O;fDr;ksa ds vf/kdkj dk lEeku
10ftnaxh& dqlqe daloky

v gj ckj gesa ftnaxh dqN u;k fl[kkrh gS] lh[kuk u
pkgks fQj Hkh fl[kk nsrh gSA ge LVwMsUV cudj gj
lh[k viuk ysrs gaS ] dqN xyfr;ka¡ gks tk, rks ltk+ fey
tkrh gSA ft+Unxh gekjh lcls vPNh Vhpj gS tks vPNs ls Hkh
fl[kkrh gS vkSj MkWV ekjdj Hkh fl[kkrh gSA gesa ;g rks ugha irk fd ge vPNs LVwMsUV gaS;k cqjs ij dksf”k”k ;gh jgsxh dh vPNs cudj jgasAv ftanxh gj ckj ge ij g¡lrh gS vkSj etk+d cukrh gS] ij bl ckj ftanxh ge ij u g¡lsxh
vkSj u gh gekjk etk+d cuk,xh D;ksafd bl ckj ge ftanxh ij g¡lsaxs vkSj gj eqf”dyksa dk
lkeuk djasxs ] Hkys gh ge fxj tk,¡ ij fQj Hkh mBus dh dksf”k”k djsaxs vkSj dqN ,sls djsaxs
dh lkjk tgk¡ ge ij ukt+ djsAv [kqys lkeku dks ge tc Hkh ns[krs gaS [kqn vius ;kn vk tkrs gaS tks dHkh gekjs lkFk FksAdk”k ]ge mUgsa tkus ls jksd ikrs] muds nnZ de dj ikrs] de ls de vkt oks gekjs lkFk
gksrs vkSj dHkh fcNM+us dk xe uk gksrk A fdruk I;kj djrs Fks ge mUgsa “kk;n vc u
dj ik,¡xsA [kq”k jgsa oks tgk¡ Hkh gSa cl ;gh nqvk djrs gSaA
v geus gj ckj Bksdj [kkbZ gS fdLer ls] bl ckj ugha [kkuk pkgrs A fgEer dj ds vkxs c<+
dj lc nq[k nnZ Hkqykdj bl ckj thruk pkgrs gaS ;gh nqvk gj ckj fny ls pkgrs gaSA

11

jkst+xkj ds fy, la?k’k±jkgqy “kekZ
eSa 23 o’kZ dk jkgqy ”kekZ f=[kk dkyksuh dk fuoklh g¡w A eSaus ch-,llh ¼ck;ks VSd½ rd dh f”k{kk izFke Js.kh esa mrh.kZ dh gSa AeSa “kkjhfjd:Ik ls fodykax g¡w o fodykax O;fDr ds lEeq[k vkus okyh ijs”kkfu;ksa
ls Hkyh Hkk¡Wafr ifjfpr gwWa¡A f”k{kk gks ;k O;olk; gks fodykax oxZ fiNM+k
gqvk gSA
bldk dkj.k ljdkj dh fodykax O;fDr ds izfr tkx:drk esa fodykax O;fDr;kas ds izfr
deh gSA
fu%lUnsg fodykax O;fDr ds vf/dkjksa vkSj drZO;ksa dh j{kk ds
fy, dkuwu 1995 ,DV cuk;k gqvk gS ijUrq bls l[rh ls

m|ksx {ks= dh udkjkRedlksp] fd ;s dk;Z djus esa
vleFkZ gS ds dkj.k eS vkt
rd csjkst+xkj gwWa

ykxw ugha fd;k tk jgkA blls fodykax O;fDr ds vf/kdkjksa dk
guu gks jgk gS o lekt fodykax O;fDr dks n;k dh n`f’V ls nss[krk gS A eaSus O;fDrxr Lrj ij
bl izdkj dh leL;kvksa dk lkeuk fd;k gS A eq>s Lukrd fd, yxHkx nks o’kZ gks x, gaS ijUrq
fodykax O;fDr ds izfr m|ksx {ks= dh udkjkRed lksp] fd ;s dk;Z djus esa vleFkZ gSa ds dkj.keSa vkt rd csjkst+xkj g¡w A LFkkuh; iz”kklu vkSj gfj;k.kk ljdkj dks bl fo’k; esa lwpuk nh xbZgS ijUrq os ekSu gSa A tc eaSus ”kgj ds mik;qDr o lEcafU/kr vf/kdkfj;ksa ls laidZ fd;k rks mUgksaus
fodykaxksa dks jk’Vªh; ,drk dgk fd ge fdlh Hkh dEiuh dks fodykax O;fDr;ksa dks jkst+xkj nsus ds
ij cy nsuk pkfg, ftlls fy, ck/; ugha dj ldrs gaS o mudk ;g vf/kdkj ugh gSa A blh
os ljdkj ls viuh ckr
dkj.k fodykax O;fDr;ksas dks dEiuh esa jkst+xkj ugha fey jgk gS A ;fn
dg ldsa
dksbZ dEiuh fodykax O;fDr;ksa dks jkstxkj nsrh gS rks os bls n;k dhn`f’V ls ns[krs gaSa A oSls ljdkj fodykax O;fDr;ksa dks jkstxkj o mPp f”k{kk ds fy, yksu nsrh gS
ijUrq esjs O;fDrxr vuqHko ds vk/kkj ij yksu ds uke ij fodykax O;fDr;ksa dk vkfFkZd “kks’k.k gks
12jgk gS A fodykax O;fDr;ksa ls vf/kd C;kt fy;k tkrk gS ] bl fo’k; esa eSus vkj- Vh- vkbZ
¼RTI½ nk;j dh o lHkh rF;ksa dk [kqyklk gksus ds ckn Hkh tk¡p dks yafcr fd;k tk jgk gS rkfd
lacafU/kr vf/kdkjh dks jkgr feys vkSj fodykax O;fDr Fkd dj cSB tk, A
fodykax O;fDr;ksa ds vf/kdkjkas o drZO;ksa dh j{kk djus ds fy, fodykax O;fDr;ksa dks Lo;a gh
tkx:d gksuk iM+sxkA fodykax O;fDr ljdkj dh lHkh ;kstukvkaas dk ykHk mBk;sa vkSj budk xyr
gksus ij fojks/k djsa kfodykaxrk ds izfr tkx:drk ykus ds fy, ljdkj dks pkfg, fd NBh ls nloha d{kk rd ,u-lhbZ-vkj-Vh ds ikB~;dze esa fodykaxrk ds ,d v/;k; dks “kkfey djsa ftlls Hkfo’; esa lektfodykax O;fDr;ksa dks n;k dh n`f’V ls ns[kuk cUn djsxk A
esjs fopkj esa fodykax O;fDr;ksa dks jk’Vªh; ,drk ij cy
fodykax O;fDr;ksa ds vf/kdkjkas
o drZO;ksa dh j{kk djus ds fy, nsuk pkfg, ftlls os ljdkj ls viuh ckr dg ldsa A
fodykax O;fDr dks Lo;a gh bl {ks= esa dke djus okyh lHkh laLFkkvksa dks lkFk feydj
tkx:d gksuk iM+sxkA
bl iz;kl dks vkUnksyu dk :Ik nsuk pkfg;sA

eq>s fodykaxrk gS A
gk¡ ;g lp gS A
ysfdu okLro esa bldk vFkZ ;g gS fd
eq>s “kk;n rqels
FkksM+k lk vyx
jkLrk ysuk gS A
- jkscZV- ,e- gsUly

13

vFkZ”kkL= vkSj fodykaxrk- nlZuk [khj,d O;fDr ds thou esa /ku dk cgqr egRo gksrk gS] [kkl dj tc
og O;fDr “kkjhfjd :i ls fodykax gks A vxj ,d fodykax O;fDrviuk thou vkRe fuHkZj gksdj fcrkuk pkgs rks mlss vius thou;kiu ds fy, fdlh dks lgk;d j[kuk iMs+xk] ftlds fy, mls /ku
dh vko”;drk iMs+xh A
tc ge vf/kdkj vksSj lekurk dh ckr djrs gS rks lcls igys og ?kj ls “kq: gksrk gSA gesa
NksVs&NksVs vf/kdkjksa tSls [kkuk o diMs+ dh ilan crkuk] ds volj feysaA blds vykok gesa
ckdh t:jrksa tSls euksjatu vkSj i;ZVu ds fy, Hkh iSls dh vko”;drk gksrh gSA c<+rh mez
ds lkFk cgqr lh LokLFk lEcU/kh t+:jrsa c<+ tkrh gSaA fodyakx O;fDr vius ifjokj vkSj
ca/kqtuksa ij LokLF; lEcU/kh lgk;rk ds fy, fuHkZj ugha gks ldrk A blfy, mls vius
thou&;kiu ds fy, vkRefuHkZj cuuk iMs+xkA rkfd og vius [kpkZsa dk fuokZg Lo;a dj lds
vkSj ifjokj ij cks> u cusA

esjk n;kyiqj nkSjk & iadt diwjeSa fdlh lkeqnkf;d dk;Z ds gsrq n;kyiqj x;k FkkA og¡k ds xzke iapk;r us
cgqr ppkZ ds i”pkr ,d jSEi cuok fn;k Fkk ysfdu ogk¡ “kkSpky;ugha FksA blhfy, vDlj cPpksa dh ekrk,¡ mUgas “kkSp djkus ds fy, xksn esa
mBkdj ckgj ys tkrh Fkh A Ldwy ds vUnj fodykax O;fDr;ksa ds fy, mi;qDr “kkSpky; ugha
Fks blfy, eaSus ;g lq>ko fn;k fd “kkSpky; dk bl izdkj iqu% fuekZ.k fd;k tk, ftlls
mldk njoktk pkSM+k gks lds rkfd ,d Oghyps;j vkSj lgk;d vkjke ls vUnj tk ldsAn;kyiqj eas ;krk;kr ds fy, fnDdr gksrh gS blfy, ogk¡ ds yksxksa dks vf/kd pyuk iM+rk
gSA eSa lksprk gWwa fd gfj;k.kk ;krk;kr izkf/kdj.k ls ckr dj lHkh clksa] vkWVks] VSEiks ] fjD”kkesa jSEi yxokus dk vkxzg djuk iM+sxkA

14

lesfdr f”k{kk ij dqN fopkj & “khry c=k
gj cPps dk vf/kdkj gS lcds lkFk i<+uk vkSj vkxs c<+uk]
fQj D;ksa ugha ekrk & firk ds vykok vkSj dksbZ ;g le>rk
gj cPps esa gS {kerk ] Hkkouk,¡ o fopkj ]ij dksbZ ns ds rks ns[ks lcdks volj ,d ckj A
ljdkj ds dkj.k cPps vk rks x, Ldwy ds Hkhrj
ij D;k og gSaW HkhM+ eas lcds lkFk \gj cPps dk vf/kdkj gS lcds
lkFk i<uk vkSj vkxs c<+uk

Ldwy eas nkf[kys ds ckn nksLr cus ] igpku c<+h ][ksy dk eSnku feyk vkSj [kkus&ihus dh ekSt gqbZ A
Ikj fQj Hkh cPps dks lcls uV[kV dgdj d{kk eas gh cSBk;k tkrk]
tcfd ckdh cPps izkFkZuk djus tkrs gSa eSnku esa ]D;k gj cPps dk vf/kdkj ugha fd og Hkh tkudkjh vkSj lwpuk ik lds \vkSj nksLr gksdj Hkh D;ksa og mudh ekj [kkrk gS \Ckl blfy, fd og Vhpj ls f'kdk;r dj ugha ikrk gSA
eEeh dk Vhpj ls iwNuk fd vkt dSlk jgk ] D;ksa ys vkrk gS ekFks ij f'kdu \D;k mudk csVk og d{kk ds vU; lgikfB;ksa dh rjg ,d cPpk ugha dgykrk \D;k gj cPps ds ekrk & firk mls Ldwy Hkstdj lqdwu ls jg ikrs gSa \;k dqN ;g lksp eas cSBrs gSa fd vkt esjs cPps dh dkSsu lh f'kdk;r vk,xh ]15

vkSj fQj ,d ckj eq>s lrk,xhA
og Hkh pkgrk gS
D;k gj cPps ds ekrk firk mls Ldwy
Hkstdj lqdwu ls jg ikrs gSa
fd mldh igpku;k dqN ;g lksp es cSBs gSa fd vkt esjs
cus vknj vkSj
cPps dh dkSsu lh f'kdk;r vk,xh vkSj
lEeku ds lkFk ]fQj ,d ckj eq>s lrk,xhA
dksbZ rks gks tks
mldh [kkeks'kh dks Lohdkj djs vkSj le; nsdj gj ckr lqusi`”B 7 ds fp= ds mRrj% 1
njokt+s dh pkSM+kbZ bruh gS fd
Oghyps;j vk tk lds
2 nks yksx lkadsfrd Hkk’kk esa ckr
dj jgsa gS
3 dkm+aUVj dh Å¡pkbZ Oghyps;jbLrseky djus okys O;fDr ds fy,
mfpr gSA

pkgs og gks 'kCn] b'kkjs ;k ladsr A

4 [kkus dh lwph cszy Hkk’kk esa gS

Ikj eSa le>rh g¡w fd D;k djsa Vhpj Hkh\

5 ,sls balku ftUgsa de fn[kkbZ nsrkgS] os Hkh dSUVhu dk bLrseky dj ik

buds fy, ;g gS igyh ckj ]jgs gaSi<+kuk lcdks feydj ,d lkFk A

6 ,d O;fDr cSVjh pfyr Oghyps;jesjs [;ky ls bldks eqefdu cukus ds fy, pkfg, ckrsa pan]dk iz;ksx dj jgk gS rFkk est+ dhÅ¡pkbZ muds t:jrksa ds vuqlkj gS/kS;Z] [kqyk eu] ;kstuk o yXu ]vkSj og dsoy ,d fnu ugha cfYd fujUrj A
ikyu djds rks ns[kks ,d ckj ];g Hkh gS vkidk f'k’; gksugkj ] volj ns ds rks ns[kks ,d ckj A
lEikndh; lewg
nhid tSu
bUnzuhy pdzorhZehuw euh
eksgEen ljQjkt+
fuf/k tkyku
jktho mIiy
“kgkuk pdzorhZ
rsts”k dqekj tSu

vuqokn:vYdk flag
izeksn “kekZ
fo”kys’ku : ey; pdzorhZ
jpuk : jkf/kdk pUnª”ks[kj16