司法試験・予備試験

論文処理手順令和 7 年度版

沢田隆 著

【目次】

目次
【はじめに(必読)】 ________________________________________________________________1
１ 総論 _____________________________________________________________________________ 1
２ 合格答案が書けるようになるまで _____________________________________________________ 5
３ 司法試験合格と不合格の分析 ________________________________________________________ 8
４ 論証パターンの存在意義 ___________________________________________________________ 10５ 予備試験論文対策からみる答案の型 _________________________________________________ 13
６ 予備試験・司法試験合格への最短ルート ______________________________________________ 16
７ あてはめと処理手順の関係について __________________________________________________ 19
8 処理手順の弱点-課題発見プロセス __________________________________________________ 22【憲法(人権)】__________________________________________________________________ 27
人権の処理手順 _____________________________________________________________________ 27
法令違憲・処分違憲 __________________________________________________________________ 30「意見書型」問題の処理手順 ___________________________________________________________ 32
各論 _______________________________________________________________________________ 33
13 条 _____________________________________________________________________________________ 35
14 条 1 項 _________________________________________________________________________________ 42
15 条 1 項 _________________________________________________________________________________ 44
19 条 _____________________________________________________________________________________ 45
20 条 _____________________________________________________________________________________ 48
21 条 1 項 _________________________________________________________________________________ 50
22 条 1 項 _________________________________________________________________________________ 54
23 条 _____________________________________________________________________________________ 56
25 条 _____________________________________________________________________________________ 57
26 条 _____________________________________________________________________________________ 58
28 条 _____________________________________________________________________________________ 59
29 条 _____________________________________________________________________________________ 60
人権享有主体性 ____________________________________________________________________________ 62
特別権力関係 ______________________________________________________________________________ 64
私人間効力 ________________________________________________________________________________ 66
団体と構成員の衝突 ________________________________________________________________________ 67

憲法の答案の書き方(発展編) _________________________________________________________ 69

【目次】【憲法(統治)】__________________________________________________________________ 81
統治の処理手順 _____________________________________________________________________ 81【行政法】______________________________________________________________________ 83
行政法の処理手順 ___________________________________________________________________ 83
訴訟選択表 _________________________________________________________________________ 84
訴訟要件 ___________________________________________________________________________ 85(1)要件一覧 _______________________________________________________________________________ 85(2)考慮要素一覧 ___________________________________________________________________________ 88

処分性の処理手順 ___________________________________________________________________ 94
原告適格の処理手順 _________________________________________________________________ 96
違法性・取消事由の処理手順 _________________________________________________________ 100
行政活動と一般原則 ________________________________________________________________ 104
行政活動と民事法 __________________________________________________________________ 108
国家賠償法 ________________________________________________________________________ 111
国家賠償法１条 ___________________________________________________________________________ 111
国家賠償法２条 ___________________________________________________________________________ 113
国家賠償法３条 ___________________________________________________________________________ 114【民法】_______________________________________________________________________ 115
民法の処理手順 ____________________________________________________________________ 115
民法要件事実・記載例一覧 ___________________________________________________________ 125
売買契約 _________________________________________________________________________________126
消費貸借契約 _____________________________________________________________________________135
準消費貸借契約 ___________________________________________________________________________136
求償請求 _________________________________________________________________________________137
土地明渡請求 _____________________________________________________________________________137
建物収去土地明渡請求 _____________________________________________________________________139
建物退去土地明渡請求 _____________________________________________________________________140
所有権移転登記抹消登記請求 _______________________________________________________________140
所有権移転登記手続請求 ___________________________________________________________________141
抵当権設定登記抹消登記請求 _______________________________________________________________141
登記上利害関係を有する第三者に対する承諾請求 ______________________________________________142
賃貸借契約 _______________________________________________________________________________142
動産引渡し請求 ___________________________________________________________________________146

【目次】
請負契約 _________________________________________________________________________________147
債権譲渡 _________________________________________________________________________________148
相続 _____________________________________________________________________________________150
債権者代位権 _____________________________________________________________________________151
詐害行為取消権 ___________________________________________________________________________151
和解契約 _________________________________________________________________________________152
不当利得返還請求 _________________________________________________________________________152
債務不存在確認 ___________________________________________________________________________153
不法行為 _________________________________________________________________________________154

民法の答案の書き方(発展編) ________________________________________________________ 156【参考】債権譲渡, 相殺, 差押えの論点整理 ____________________________________________ 162【民事実務基礎】 ____________________________________________________________________ 165
民事保全 _________________________________________________________________________________165
民事執行 _________________________________________________________________________________169【商法】_______________________________________________________________________ 175
商法の処理手順 ____________________________________________________________________ 175
商法要件事実一覧 __________________________________________________________________ 176
株式に関する請求等 _______________________________________________________________________176
取締役・取締役会に関する訴え ______________________________________________________________178
取締役等の責任追及訴訟等 _________________________________________________________________182
会社の組織に関する訴え ___________________________________________________________________187

会社法条文構造の整理 ______________________________________________________________ 197
第 1 編 総則 _____________________________________________________________________________198
第 2 編 株式会社 _________________________________________________________________________198
第 3 編 持分会社 _________________________________________________________________________225
第 4 編 社債 _____________________________________________________________________________225
第 5 編 組織変更, 合併, 会社分割, 株式交換及び株式移転 ____________________________________226
第 7 編 雑則 _____________________________________________________________________________231
第 8 編 罰則 _____________________________________________________________________________234

競業取引の論点整理 ________________________________________________________________ 235
利益相反取引の論点整理 ____________________________________________________________ 236
分配可能額計算 ____________________________________________________________________ 238【民訴法】_____________________________________________________________________ 239
民訴法の処理手順 __________________________________________________________________ 239

【目次】

手続・出題別民訴処理手順一覧 _______________________________________________________ 249
訴えの提起①－当事者 _____________________________________________________________________250
訴えの提起②－訴訟要件 ___________________________________________________________________252
訴えの提起③－二重起訴 ___________________________________________________________________257
本案審理①－訴訟物理論 ___________________________________________________________________261
本案審理②－処分権主義 ___________________________________________________________________261
本案審理③－弁論主義 _____________________________________________________________________262
本案審理④－訴訟行為 _____________________________________________________________________263
本案審理⑤－証拠 _________________________________________________________________________264
訴訟の終了①－訴えの取下げ, 和解 _________________________________________________________266
訴訟の終了②－判決 _______________________________________________________________________267
訴訟の終了③－既判力 _____________________________________________________________________267
上訴・再審 ________________________________________________________________________________268
主観的複雑訴訟 ___________________________________________________________________________269
客観的複雑訴訟 ___________________________________________________________________________277【刑法】_______________________________________________________________________ 279
刑法の処理手順 ____________________________________________________________________ 279
刑法の難点整理 ____________________________________________________________________ 284
総論 _____________________________________________________________________________________284
共犯 _____________________________________________________________________________________288
各論 _____________________________________________________________________________________297

構成要件定義一覧 __________________________________________________________________ 300
個人的法益に対する罪 _____________________________________________________________________300
社会的法益に対する罪 _____________________________________________________________________318
国家法益に対する罪 _______________________________________________________________________333

事実認定一覧 ______________________________________________________________________ 340【刑訴法】_____________________________________________________________________ 359
総論 ______________________________________________________________________________ 359
捜査の処理手順 ____________________________________________________________________ 360
証拠の処理手順 ____________________________________________________________________ 367
類型別・伝聞証拠処限界事例 ________________________________________________________________371

公判の処理手順 ____________________________________________________________________ 379【刑事実務基礎】_______________________________________________________________ 381
第１編 捜査 _______________________________________________________________________ 381

【目次】
第１ 捜査手続 ____________________________________________________________________________381
第２ 起訴前弁護 __________________________________________________________________________387
第３ 被疑者(被告人)の身柄拘束手続 ________________________________________________________388

第２編 公訴 _______________________________________________________________________ 394
第１ 公訴提起・追行及び審判対象を巡る問題 __________________________________________________394
第２ 公判前整理手続 ______________________________________________________________________397
第３ 公判審理及び証拠・証拠調べ手続 _______________________________________________________399