May 2024

Bangladesh

Paediatric Care

Medical Country of Origin Information

Bangladesh
Paediatric Care
MedCOIMay 2024

Manuscript completed in May 2024.
Neither the European Union Agency for Asylum (EUAA) nor any person acting on behalf of the
EUAA is responsible for the use that might be made of the information contained within thispublication.
Luxembourg: Publications Office of the European Union, 2024
PDF

ISBN 978-92-9410-112-9

doi: 10.2847/708105 BZ-09-24-271-EN-N© European Union Agency for Asylum (EUAA), 2024
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BANGLADESH TOPICAL MEDCOI REPORT: PAEDIATRIC CARE

Acknowledgements
The EUAA acknowledges International SOS as the drafters of this report.
The report has been reviewed by International SOS and EUAA.

3

EUROPEAN UNION AGENCY FOR ASYLUMContents
Acknowledgements........................................................................................................................ 3
Disclaimer ........................................................................................................................................ 5
Glossary and abbreviations ........................................................................................................... 6
Introduction ..................................................................................................................................... 7
Methodology ......................................................................................................................................... 7
Terms of reference ..................................................................................................................... 7
Collecting information................................................................................................................ 7
Quality control .............................................................................................................................. 7
Sources ................................................................................................................................................... 8
1.

Incidence and prevalence of childhood conditions ........................................................ 92.

Access to treatment ......................................................................................................... 10

3.

Cost of treatment ............................................................................................................. 10

4.

Cost of medication ............................................................................................................14

Annex 1: Bibliography ................................................................................................................... 17
Annex 2: Terms of Reference (ToR) .............................................................................................194

BANGLADESH TOPICAL MEDCOI REPORT: PAEDIATRIC CARE

Disclaimer
This report was written according to the EUAA COI Report Methodology (2023). The report isbased on carefully selected sources of information. All sources used are referenced.
The information contained in this report has been researched, evaluated and analysed withutmost care. However, this document does not claim to be exhaustive. If a particular event,person or organisation is not mentioned in the report, this does not mean that the event has
not taken place or that the person or organisation does not exist.
Furthermore, this report is not conclusive as to the determination or merit of any particularapplication for international protection. Terminology used should not be regarded asindicative of a particular legal position.
‘Refugee’, ‘risk’ and similar terminology are used as generic terminology and not in the legal
sense as applied in the EU Asylum Acquis, the 1951 Refugee Convention and the 1967
Protocol relating to the Status of Refugees.
Neither the EUAA, nor any person acting on its behalf, may be held responsible for the use
which may be made of the information contained in this report.
The drafting of this report was finalised on 25 February 2024. Any event taking place after thisdate is not included in this report.

5

EUROPEAN UNION AGENCY FOR ASYLUMGlossary and abbreviations
Term

Definition

ARI

Acute Respiratory Infection

BDHS

Bangladesh Health Survey

BDT

Bangladeshi Taka

BSMMU

Bangabandhu Sheikh Mujib Medical University

CDD

Childhood Diarrhoeal Disease

ICU

Intensive Care Unit

IMCI

Integrated Management of Childhood Illness

IPD

Inpatient Department

LB

Live Birth

MMR

Measles, Mumps, Rubella

MOHFW

Ministry of Health and Family WelfareNGO

Non-Governmental Organisation

NICU

Neonatal Intensive Care Unit

OPD

Outpatient Department

PEG

Percutaneous Endoscopic Gastrostomy

SDG

Sustainable Development Goal

UNICEF

United Nations International Children's Emergency Fund

UpazilaAn administrative unit, which is a subdivision of a district formerly
known as "thana". Bangladesh has 495 Upazilas.

WHO

World Health Organization

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BANGLADESH TOPICAL MEDCOI REPORT: PAEDIATRIC CARE

Introduction
Methodology
The purpose of the report is to provide information on access to paediatric care in
Bangladesh. This information is relevant to the application of international protection statusdetermination (refugee status and subsidiary protection) and migration legislation in EU+
countries.

Terms of reference
The terms of reference for this Medical Country of Origin Information Report can be found in
Annex 2: Terms of Reference (ToR). The initial drafting period finished on 09 November 2023,
peer review occurred between 09-30 November 2023, and additional information was added
to the report as a result of the quality review process during the review implementation up
until 25 February 2024. The report was internally reviewed subsequently.

Collecting information
EUAA contracted International SOS (Intl.SOS) to manage the report delivery including datacollection. Intl.SOS recruited and managed a local consultant to write the report and a publichealth expert to edit the report. These were selected from Intl.SOS’ existing pool ofconsultants. The consultant was selected based on their experience in leading comparable
projects and their experience of working on public health issues in Bangladesh.
This report is based on publicly available information in electronic and paper-based sources
gathered through desk-based research. This report also contains information from oral
sources with ground-level knowledge of the healthcare situation in Bangladesh who wereinterviewed specifically for this report. For security reasons, all oral sources are anonymised.

Quality control
This report was written by Intl.SOS in line with the European Union Agency for Asylum (EUAA)
COI Report Methodology (2023), 1 the EUAA Country of Origin Information (COI) Reports
Writing and Referencing Guide (2023) 2 and the EUAA Writing Guide (2022). 3 Quality control of
the report was carried out both on content and form. Form and content were reviewed by
Intl.SOS and EUAA.
The accuracy of information included in the report was reviewed, to the extent possible,
based on the quality of the sources and citations provided by the consultants. All the

EUAA, Country of Origin Information (COI) Report Methodology, February 2023, url
EUAA, Country of Origin Information (COI) Reports Writing and Referencing Guide, February 2023, url
3
EUAA, The EUAA Writing Guide, April 2022, url
12

7EUROPEAN UNION AGENCY FOR ASYLUM

comments from reviewers were reviewed and were implemented to the extent possible, undertime constraints.

Sources
In accordance with EUAA COI methodology, a range of different published sources have been
consulted on relevant topics for this report. These include: governmental publications,academic publications and reports by international organisations.
In addition to using publicly available sources, two oral sources were contacted for this report.
The oral sources are both professors and they are anonymised in this report for security
reasons. The sources were assessed for their background and ground-level knowledge. Alloral sources are described in the Annex 1: Bibliography. Key informant interviews were carriedout in September 2023.

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BANGLADESH TOPICAL MEDCOI REPORT: PAEDIATRIC CARE

1.

Incidence and prevalence of childhood
conditions

Kamal et al. examined account data from the Bangladesh Health Survey (BDHS) 2011 andreported that diarrhoea and acute respiratory infection (ARI) were the most common forms ofchildhood morbidity. The authors reported that each year, 45.7 % of children aged below 5
years old (0 to 59 months) suffer from these conditions. 4 A professor of paediatrics from
Mymensingh Medical College stated that other than perinatal asphyxia and neonatal
septicaemia, ARI is the number one cause of child morbidity in the country followed bydiarrhoea, meningitis and encephalitis. 5
A national representative cross-sectional study on child health morbidity, published in 2021,
determined the prevalence of childhood diarrhoeal diseases (CDDs) and ARI among children
younger than five years old to be 4.91 % and 3.03 %, respectively. 6
Additionally, there is a difference in incidence of childhood morbidity noted when age of thechild, availability of potable water and household wealth are considered. Government data on
dengue shows that from January to November 2023, distribution of dengue-related deaths is
4 % across age groups of children under the age of five years. 7 Dengue is an important causeof morbidity and mortality in children, with a high mortality rate in children under the age of 5
years. 8
The under-5-year mortality in Bangladesh decreased from 151/1 000 to 53/1 000 live births(LBs) between 1990 and 2011. This is believed to be because of the various healthprogrammes, including high coverage of vaccine-preventable diseases, treatment of diarrhoea
and ARIs, implementation of the Integrated Management of Childhood Illness (IMCI) anddelivery of newborn health interventions. 9

Kamal, M. M., et al., Determinants of childhood morbidity in Bangladesh: evidence from the Demographic and
Health Survey 2011, October 2015, url, p. 55Source A, telephone interview, 26 September 2023, Dhaka. Source A is a Professor at Mymensingh Medical
College, Dhaka. The person wishes to remain anonymous.
6
Kundu, S., et al., Prevalence and factors associated with childhood diarrhoeal disease and acute respiratory
infection in Bangladesh: An analysis of nationwide cross sectional survey, 14 July 2021, url, p. 2
7Bangladesh, MIS, Health Emergency Operation Center & Control Room, Dengue Press Release, 6 November
2023, url, p. 3
8Source A, telephone interview, 26 September 2023, Dhaka. Source A is a Professor at Mymensingh Medical
College, Dhaka. The person wishes to remain anonymous.
9
Bangladesh, MOHFW, Partnership for Maternal, Newborn & Child Health, WHO, World Bank and Alliance for
Health Policy and Systems Research, Success Factors for Women’s and Children’s Health: Bangladesh, 2015, url,
p. 4
4

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EUROPEAN UNION AGENCY FOR ASYLUM

2.

Access to treatment

For care of paediatric diseases, there are specialised public health facilities, including Dhaka
Shishu (Children) Hospital, 10 the Bangabandhu Sheikh Mujib Medical University (BSMMU) 11 andDhaka Medical College Hospital, 12 and in all medical college hospitals in the country, there are
specialised paediatric units. Private paediatric hospitals are also present in the metropolitan
cities and several districts across the country. 13
Bangladesh has high rates of vaccination coverage. According to the World HealthOrganization (WHO) Bangladesh, full vaccination coverage in the country is 88 % (as per
Census 2016). 14 Routine vaccination in Bangladesh for measles is given by measles andrubella (MR) vaccine. 15
The model for accessing care is for the parents or the caretaker of the ill child to take the childto an Upazila hospital complex or a lower facility, and then to follow the information andadvice which may include taking the child to higher level hospitals, including district andmedical college hospitals, for further management and treatment. If necessary, the patient canthen be transferred to Dhaka Children Hospital or other specialised public hospitals, including
BSMMU. Often children are taken to private hospitals for treatment in case of a serious
illness. 16

3.

Cost of treatment

Fees and charges, including hospital bed charges, need to be paid for consultation of apaediatric patient either at outpatient departments (OPDs) or inpatient departments (IPDs), fordiagnostic services and for inpatient admission. This applies to both public and private healthfacilities. Any fee waiver or discounted payment for any of these elements is available only if it
is evaluated and certified by the Social Welfare Department. Private facilities have noprovision to exempt patients from payment for any hospital service charges. For a paediatricpatient, additional cost is incurred due to cost of food, transportation and accommodation foraccompanying attendants who are either the parent(s) or a caretaker. 17

Facility website: https://bich.portal.gov.bd/
Facility website: https://bsmmu.ac.bd/
12
Facility website: https://dmch.gov.bd/
13
Source B, telephone interview, 28 September 2023, Dhaka. Source B is a Professor of Paediatrics, President of
Abdul Hamid Medical College, Kishoreganj. The person wishes to remain anonymous.
14
WHO, South-East Asia, Bangladesh, Supporting an immunization coverage of over 90% for all antigens in all
districts, 2023, url
15
Incepta Pharmaceuticals Ltd, Immunization Schedule, 2024, url
16
Source A, telephone interview, 26 September 2023, Dhaka. Source A is a Professor at Mymensingh Medical
College, Dhaka. The person wishes to remain anonymous.
17
Source B, telephone interview, 28 September 2023, Dhaka. Source B is a Professor of Paediatrics, President of
Abdul Hamid Medical College, Kishoreganj. The person wishes to remain anonymous.
10
11

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BANGLADESH TOPICAL MEDCOI REPORT: PAEDIATRIC CARE

Prices are fixed for laboratory investigations, consultations, inpatient beds and surgeries inpublic facilities, and are strictly implemented. Health insurance coverage for paediatricdiseases is not available in Bangladesh. Some private paediatric hospitals in the cities anddistricts may charge higher fees than reported in the cost table. 18
For the treatments listed below in table 1 and 2, there is usually no exemption for payment, but
in public health facilities the Social Welfare Department can recommend a partial or full
discount to the fee. 19
Table 1. Prices for consultation 20
Specialist

Public outpatient
treatment price in
BDT

Public inpatient
treatment price in
BDTPrivate outpatient
treatment price in
BDTPrivate inpatient
treatment price in
BDTPaediatrician

100

200

1 500

1 800

Paediatriccardiologist

100

200

1 500

3 000

Paediatricneurologist

200

200

1 200

1 800

Paediatrichaematologist

200

200

1 000

1 500

Paediatricnephrologist

200

200

1 200

1 800

Paediatric
ophthalmologist

200

200

1 000

1 800

Paediatric surgeon

200

200

2 000

2 500

Paediatric
psychiatrist

200

200

1 800

2 000

Paediatric physicaltherapist

200

200

1 200

1 800

Paediatricpulmonologist

200

200

1 000

1 500

Paediatriconcologist

200

200

1 200

1 800

Source A, telephone interview, 26 September 2023, Dhaka. Source A is a Professor at Mymensingh Medical
College, Dhaka. The person wishes to remain anonymous.
19
Source A, telephone interview, 26 September 2023, Dhaka. Source A is a Professor at Mymensingh Medical
College, Dhaka. The person wishes to remain anonymous.
20
Source A, telephone interview, 26 September 2023, Dhaka. Source A is a Professor at Mymensingh Medical
College, Dhaka. The person wishes to remain anonymous.
18

11

EUROPEAN UNION AGENCY FOR ASYLUMSpecialist

Public outpatient
treatment price in
BDT

Public inpatient
treatment price in
BDTPrivate outpatient
treatment price in
BDTPrivate inpatient
treatment price in
BDTPaediatrician
specialised inmetabolicdiseases

200

200

1 000

1 800

Child psychologist

200

200

2 000

2 500

Speech therapist

200

300

2 000

2 500

Table 2. Prices for treatments and diagnostic tests 21
Treatment

Public treatment price in BDT

Private treatment price in BDT

Paediatric care, such as day care(for one day): costs for one dayof day care for children withmedical conditions which do not
relate specifically to mental or
physical disabilities

N/A

1 500

Gastroenterologicalcare/treatment, such as tube
feeding (PEG)

200

1 800

200

1 800

Haematology: (one day of)clinical treatment in case of
sickle cell crises

200

1 500

Intensive care treatment (ICU):
one day in the ICU

200

1 800

Neonatal Intensive Care Unit
(NICU): one day in the NICU

200

2 000

(for a placement of a PEG tube)
Gastroenterologicalcare/treatment such as tube
feeding (naso-gastric)(for placement of a naso-gastrictube)

Source A, telephone interview, 26 September 2023, Dhaka. Source A is a Professor at Mymensingh Medical
College, Dhaka. The person wishes to remain anonymous.
21

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BANGLADESH TOPICAL MEDCOI REPORT: PAEDIATRIC CARE

Treatment

Public treatment price in BDT

Private treatment price in BDT

Care for children with combined
mental and physical disabilities:
long-term institutional 24-hourcare (one day)

200

2 000

Care for children with mental
disabilities: day care (one day):costs for one day of day carespecifically for children withmental disabilities

200

2 000

Care for children with mental
disabilities: long-term
institutional 24-hour care (one
day)

200

2 000

Care for children with physicaldisabilities: long-term
institutional 24-hour care (oneday): costs for one day of day
care specifically for children withphysical disabilities

200

2 000

Care for children with physicaldisabilities: day care (one day)

200

2 000

Medical devices pulmonology:
one spacer (with mask) for
inhaler with asthma medication

200

2 000

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EUROPEAN UNION AGENCY FOR ASYLUM

4.

Cost of medication

Prices from online medicine shops are provided in Table 4. These are taken from the following
websites:
Table 3. Online medicine websites
Website nameWeb address

Lazz Pharma Limited

https://www.lazzpharma.com

MedEx

https://medex.com.bd
https://epharma.com.bd

ePharma

https://www.arogga.com

AroggaRelating to all medicines in the table below; medication prices are usually not reimbursed byany public health insurance mechanisms, but the Social Welfare Department can recommend
free or partial payment for medicines from public facilities. Diphtheria, tetanus, pertussis andrubella vaccines (or combinations such as MMR = Measles, Mumps, Rubella, measles + rubella)
are free in the National Immunisation Programme. 22
Table 4. Cost of medications
Generic Name

Brand
name

Strength of
unit

Form

Numberof units inthecontainer

Price perbox in BDT

Place

General medications
Hydroxycarbamide (=hydroxyurea)

Mylostat®

500 mgcapsule28

392

Pharmacy

Ampicillin

Acmecillin®

125 mg/
5 ml

syrup

1 bottle

40

Pharmacy

Source A, telephone interview, 26 September 2023, Dhaka. Source A is a Professor at Mymensingh Medical
College, Dhaka. The person wishes to remain anonymous.
22

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BANGLADESH TOPICAL MEDCOI REPORT: PAEDIATRIC CARE

Generic Name

Brand
name

Strength of
unit

Form

Numberof units inthecontainer

Price perbox in BDT

Place

Amoxicillin +clavulanic acid(combination)

Demoxiclave®

125 mgamoxycillin,31.25 mgclavulanic
acid
/5 ml

syrup

1 bottle

150

Pharmacy

Phenoxymethylp
enicillin

PenvikForte®

250 mg/5 ml

suspension

1 bottle

84

Pharmacy

Amoxicillin

Kamoxy®

125 mg/5 ml

suspension

1 bottle

48

Pharmacy

Trimethoprim +sulfamethoxazole(such asCotrimoxazole)

Triprim®

(40 mgtrimethoprim+ 200 mg
sulfamethoxazole)/5 ml

suspension

1 bottle

21

Pharmacy

Nitrofurantoin

Nitrofur®

25 mg/5 ml

suspension

1 bottle

80

Pharmacy

Sulfadiazine

Silvec®

silversulfadiazine
1 %/30 gm

cream

1 tube50

Pharmacy

Diphtheria,
pertussis, tetanus
and Haemophilus
influenzae type
B(=Hib) - vaccine(e.g. Pentavalentvaccine)Pentaxim®

0.5 mlinjection

1

1 330

Pharmacy

Diphtheria,
tetanus, pertussis
vaccineDPT®=
diphtheria,
tetanus,
pertussis
vaccine

0.5 mlinjection

1

Free

Pharmacy

Rubella vaccine

Rubamax®=
measles +rubellavaccine

0.5 mlinjection

1 vial400

Pharmacy

Vaccines(or combinations
such as MMR =Measles, Mumps,
Rubella, measles+ rubella)

15

EUROPEAN UNION AGENCY FOR ASYLUMGeneric Name

Brand
name

Strength of
unit

Form

Numberof units inthecontainer

Price perbox in BDT

Place

Mumps vaccine

Trimovax®

0.5 mlinjection

10 doses

6 986.95

Pharmacy

Trimovax®

0.5 mlinjection

10 doses

6 986.95

Pharmacy

Meningococcal
vaccine (prevent
meningitis)

Ingovax®
ACWY

50 mcginjection

1

1 000

Pharmacy

Pneumococcal
vaccinePneumovax
23®

0.5 mlinjection

1

2 470

Pharmacy(or combinations
such as MMR =Measles, Mumps,
Rubella)Measles vaccine(or combinations
such as MMR =Measles, Mumps,
Rubella)16

BANGLADESH TOPICAL MEDCOI REPORT: PAEDIATRIC CARE

Annex 1: Bibliography
Oral sources
Source A, telephone interview, 26 September 2023, Dhaka. Source A is a Professor at
Mymensingh Medical College, Dhaka. The person wishes to remain anonymous.
Source B, telephone interview, 28 September 2023, Dhaka. Source B is a Professor of
Paediatrics, President of Abdul Hamid Medical College, Kishoreganj. The person wishes toremain anonymous.

Public sources
Arogga Limited, 2024, http://www.arogga.com/, accessed 29 March 2024
Bangladesh, DGHS (Directorate General of Health Services), MIS (Management Information
System), Health Emergency Operation Center & Control Room, Dengue Press Release, 30
September 2023, https://old.dghs.gov.bd/images/docs/vpr/20231106_dengue_all.pdf,
accessed 15 October 2023
Bangladesh, MOHFW (Ministry of Health & Family Welfare), Partnership for Maternal, Newborn& Child Health, WHO (World Health Organization), World Bank and Alliance for Health Policy
and Systems Research, Success Factors for Women’s and Children’s Health: Bangladesh,2015, https://www.exemplars.health/-/media/files/egh/resources/underfivemortality/bangladesh/whosuccess-factors-for-womens-and-childrens-health.pdf?la=en,
accessed 15 October 2023
BIHC (Bangladesh Institute of Child Health), December 2021, https://bich.portal.gov.bd/,
accessed, 15 October 2023
BSMMU (Bangabandhu Sheikh Mujib Medical University), About BSMMU, 2023,
https://bsmmu.ac.bd/, accessed 15 October 2023
DMCH (Dhaka Medical College Hospital), 2022, https://dmch.gov.bd/, accessed 15 October
2023
Epharma, 2024, https://epharma.com.bd/, accessed 29 March 2024
Incepta Pharmaceuticals Ltd, Immunization Schedule, 2023,
http://inceptavaccine.com/immunization-schedule.php, accessed 15 October 2023
Kamal, M. M., Hasan, M. M. and Davey, R., Determinants of childhood morbidity in Its
Bangladesh: evidence from the Demographic and Health Survey 2011, in: BMJ Open, Vol. 5,
Issue 10, October 2105, article no. e007538,
https://bmjopen.bmj.com/content/bmjopen/5/10/e007538.full.pdf, accessed 15 October 2023

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EUROPEAN UNION AGENCY FOR ASYLUM

Kundu, S., Al Banna, H., Ahinkorah, B.O., Seidu, A.A., Okyere, J., Prevalence and factors
associated with childhood diarrhoeal disease and acute respiratory infection in Bangladesh:
An analysis of nationwide cross sectional survey, in: Research Square, 14 July 2021,
https://doi.org/10.21203/rs.3.rs-717076/v1, accessed 02 December 2023
Lazz Pharma Limited, https://www.lazzpharma.com/, accessed 29 March 2024
MedEx, n.d., https://medex.com.bd, accessed 29 March 2024
WHO (World Health Organization), South-East Asia, Bangladesh, Supporting an immunization
coverage of over 90% for all antigens in all districts, 2023,
https://www.who.int/bangladesh/activities/supporting-an-immunization-coverage-of-over-90for-all-antigens-in-all-districts, accessed 15 October 2023

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BANGLADESH TOPICAL MEDCOI REPORT: PAEDIATRIC CARE

Annex 2: Terms of Reference (ToR)
Paediatric Care
Note for drafters: These are guidelines on the information to be included. If one aspect is
not relevant, e.g., there is no national institute to treat this disease or no international
donor programme, there is no need to mention it. Keep the focus on treating medicine –preventive care can be mentioned but is of less interest to the target group.

General information
•

•

•

•

Is there a health program specifically for children? If so, could you explain the content
of this program? Are human resources and infrastructures sufficient for the country's
needs? At which level of the health pyramid is paediatric monitoring done?
Is there a program for the partial or total coverage of healthcare for children? If so,
what are the eligibility criteria to gain access to it? What financial support can theparents expect from the government, social security or a public or private institution? Is
paediatric care covered by social protection or an additional health insurance? If not,how can the patient gain access to treatment?
Are there any factors limiting access to healthcare for children? If so, are theyeconomic, cultural, geographic? Are there any policies aiming at improving access tocare and medication for children?
What is the ‘typical route’ for paediatric patients with a disease (after being diagnosed
with a disease)? In other words: for any necessary treatment, where can the patient
find help and/or specific information? Where can he access treatment? Is the treatment
geographically, economically, etc. accessible? What must the patient pay and when? Is
it the same scenario for a citizen returning to the country after having spent several
years abroad?

Insurance and national programmes•••

National coverage (state insurance).
Programmes funded by international donor programmes, e.g., UNICEF or otherinternational donors active in child health, etc.
Include any insurance information that is specific for these patients.

Cost of treatment
Guidance / methodology on how to complete the tables related to treatments:•

Do not delete any treatments from the tables. If a certain price of a treatment cannot
be found for any reason or is not relevant (e.g., if a speech therapist does not work in
an inpatient /clinical setting): state shortly ‘’not found’’ or ‘’not relevant’’.

19EUROPEAN UNION AGENCY FOR ASYLUM

•
•

•
•
•
•
•

In the table, indicate the price for inpatient and outpatient treatment in public andprivate facility and if the treatments are covered by any insurance or by the state.
For inpatient, indicate what is included in the cost (bed / daily rate for admittance,
investigations, consultations…). For outpatient treatment, indicate follow up or
consultation cost.
Is there a difference in respect to prices between the private and public facilities?
Are there any geographical disparities?
Are the official prices adhered to in practice?
Include links to online resources used, if applicable (e.g., hospital websites).
With the column reimbursement/ special program/ free/comments: please also explain
the relevance for public and/or private treatments (e.g., are certain reimbursements /coverages only relevant for public or also for private treatments)

Note: a standardised list of treatments was also included in the original ToR, as can beviewed in the report. Any treatment without a found price was removed at the editorial stage.

Cost of medication
Guidance / methodology on how to complete the tables related to medications:
•

•
•
•
•
•
•
•

Do not delete any medicines from the tables. If a certain price of a medicine cannot befound for any reason (e.g., the availability could not be confirmed): state shortly ‘’notfound’’
Are the available medicines in general accessible in the whole country or are there
limitations?
Are the medicines registered in the country? If yes, what are the implications of them
being registered?
Indicate in the tables: generic name, brand name, strength of unit, form, pills per
package, official prices, source, insurance coverage.
Are (some of the) medicines mentioned on any drug lists like national lists, insurance
lists, essential drug lists, hospital lists, pharmacy lists etc.?
If so, what does such a list mean specifically in relation to coverage?
Are there other kinds of coverage, e.g., from national donor programmes or otheractors?
Include links to online resources used, if applicable (e.g., online pharmacies).

Note: a standardised list of medication was also included in the original ToR, as can beviewed in the report. Any medication without a found price was removed at the editorial
stage.

NGOs (include if relevant, otherwise delete section)•

Are there any NGOs or international organisations working on the improvement ofaccess to health care for children? What are the necessary conditions for the patient tobe eligible for treatment?

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BANGLADESH TOPICAL MEDCOI REPORT: PAEDIATRIC CARE•

Which services are free of charge and which ones are at a cost? Is access provided to
all patients or access is restricted for some (e.g., in case of faith-based institutions or incase of NGOs providing care only to children for instance).

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EUROPEAN UNION AGENCY FOR ASYLUMISBN 978-92-9410-112-922