学 力 検 査 問 題 ［英 語 ］( そ の １ )（2022 －般ⅠＢ）

解答はすべて解答用紙に記入せよ。

1

次の英文を読んで，問いに答えよ。
Global temperatures are rising as a result of carbon emissions, which trap greenhouse gases in the atmosphere. One of the firstthings to be affected by global warming are the large masses of ice known as glaciers. The higher temperatures not only cause theglaciers to melt,

they reduce the snowfall as well. Glaciers are formed when snow falls on existing snow and the lower layer of(1)snow is compressed, creating a large mass of ice. If some of the surface of the glacier melts during warmer weather, that’s OK as longas more snow falls to replace what was lost.

But continually warmer temperatures mean that more ice is melting and less snow isAfalling. So the glacier cannot sustain its mass; in other words, it shrinks. We call this phenomenon glacier retreat because as the mass
gets smaller, it seems to be retreating from landmarks.
Why do retreating glaciers have scientists and environmentalists so concerned? First of all, most of the earth’s supply of fresh
water is in the form of glaciers. The normal melting of glaciers during seasons of warmer temperatures provides fresh water topeople, animals, and plants. If the glaciers are not able to sustain

their mass, there will be less fresh water available for people(2)
to drink and use for raising crops. This could spell disaster for human populations around the world. Countries on every continent,
including the US, China, India, and several eastern African nations, are already struggling to conserve water in the face of serious
droughts. A reduction in glacier-fed river levels could be disastrous.
Furthermore, while the disappearance of glaciers would mean diminished fresh water supplies, the process of this disappearance
is causing floods and rising ocean levels. Most glaciers are located at higher elevations because of the colder temperatures foundthere. So when the ice melts, gravity propels the water downward via rivers and streams. More melting means more water is entering
the river system, which may be unable to bear the increased volume, resulting in flooding. Flooding, in turn, destroys property
and crops and disrupts the equilibrium of ecosystems. Once the water reaches the sea, it raises the water level, threatening coastal
settlements. In addition, seawater can get into the ground water supply, further diminishing fresh water supplies as the seawatercontaminates the fresh water with salt.

BFloods and rising water levels are forcing people to move, and the trend is expected tocontinue.
In addition to destroying settlements and causing the displacement of thousands of people, the melting of glaciers can destroy
the farms that once relied on them for irrigation—the movement of water for crops. This presents a looming problem for theworld’s food supplies, as the disappearance of arable land places extra pressure on resources that are already threatened by rising
populations. Furthermore, the disruption to ocean ecology affects fish and other animals. For example, corals rely on sunlight, and as
the water level rises,

their exposure to sunlight decreases. Fish that feed on the corals face reduced food supplies, and (4) their(3)numbers decline, adversely affecting the other fish, birds, and mammals that feed on them—including humans.
The accelerated loss of glaciers, [ by caused

global itself warming ] , also compounds the effects of global warming.

Glaciers absorb about twenty percent of the sun’s heat and reflect the rest back. But when they disappear, the earth below gets
exposed, absorbing eighty percent of the sun’s heat and only reflecting twenty percent back. So the earth’s temperature increases,
making the problem worse. Projections for the future are worrying, since demand for water is expected to increase as the population
grows and as temperatures rise. Glacial retreat is thus one of the most pressing environmental problems we face today.
[Reading for the Real World 2 by Moraig Macgillivray, Tonia Peters, Michael Kane, Compass Publishing, 2015]

注emissions： 排出

compressed： 圧縮された

glacier-fed：氷河が解けてできた
equilibrium： 均衡
arable： 耕作に適した

spell： 意味する

elevations： 標高，海抜

contaminates：汚染する
corals： サンゴ

droughts： 干ばつ

propels： 進ませる

irrigation： 灌漑（かんがい）disrupts： 崩壊させる
looming： 差し迫った学 力 検 査 問 題 ［英語］( そ の ２ )（2022 －般ⅠＢ）

解答はすべて解答用紙に記入せよ。

１[２下線部 A を和訳せよ。

３下線部 B を和訳せよ。

４

下線部 (1) ～ (4) の代名詞が指すものを，ア～サから選び，記号で答えよ。

５] 内の下線を施した語を並べかえて英文を完成せよ。

アcorals				イcrops				ウfish and other animals

エfish that feed on the corals

オglaciers				カhuman populations

キlarge masses of ice		ク

people, animals, and plants

reduced food supplies

コthe higher temperatures		サthe other fish, birds, and mammals

ケ

本文の内容と合っているものを，ア～ケから４つ選び，記号で答えよ。
ア Glaciers absorb eighty percent of the sun’s heat and reflect twenty percent back.
イ

Scientists are concerned about glacier retreat because glaciers provide water to their research.

ウ

When glaciers disappear, they cause flooding and sea level rise.

エThere is no need to worry about melting glaciers affecting the world’s food supplies.

オ

Glaciers are among the first things to be affected by global warming.

カ

Many farms used to rely on seawater for irrigation.

キ

Glaciers can form at higher elevations due to lower temperatures there.

ク

Fish and other animals could threaten the marine ecosystem.

ケCountries on every continent are making efforts to conserve water.

２

次の各文の (  ) 内に入れるべき語句を，ア～エから選び，記号で答えよ。

１She has no time (    ) the long proposal.
ア read		 イ２ウinterested inエinterestingイ

the more		

ウ most		エ

the mostHere		イIt			ウ That		 エ

Theresurpriseイsurprisedウ

was surprisedエhas been surprised

before		イ

forウsince		エ

when

is repaired

イis being repaired		ウ

is repairingエ

has been repaired

Tom found (   ) difficult to finish the assignment in an hour.
ア９interested		My cell phone (    ) right now.
ア８イ

I have been working in the sales division ever (    ) I joined the company.
ア

７to have read

The captain’s unrealistic plan (    ) everyone in the club.
ア６エ(   ) is no knowing how much support he can get from his parents.
ア５

to read		

Soccer is one of (    ) popular sports in Japan.
ア more		４ウ

Emily has a personal (    ) in Polish literature.
ア interest		

３

be read		it			

イout		 ウso			エthatso a shortエ so short a

I cannot finish my homework in (   ) time.
ア so short 		イa so shortウ（2022 －般ⅠＢ）

学 力 検 査 問 題 ［英 語 ］( そ の ３ )解答はすべて解答用紙に記入せよ。

３

次の各文の (  ) 内に入る前置詞を，ア～タから選び，記号で答えよ。ただし，同じ記号を２回以上用いてはならない。

１Do nothing (    ) the law, or you will be arrested.

２

I went to see my aunt the day (    ) yesterday.

３

No apology will make up (    ) his mistake.

４

Young boys (    ) school uniform are getting on the bus.

５

The discovery (    ) penicillin by Fleming was a significant achievement.

６

I forgot to take my train pass (    ) me.

７(    ) our efforts, we lost the soccer game.

８

Near the top of the mountain, temperatures can be 10 degrees (    ) zero.

９New apartment buildings are being built (    ) this area.

アagainstat

ウ

before

エ

below

オ

betweenカbyキdespiteク

コ inサofシthanス

throughout

セtoソ

until

タ withイケ from４

次の各組の二文がほぼ同じ意味を表すように，(  ) 内に適当な語を入れよ。

１

The teacher gave me a book.
The teacher gave a book (   ) (   ) .

２

It is impossible to solve the problem.
The problem cannot (   ) (   ) .

３

A man came up to me, asking me what time it was.
A man came up to me (    ) (    ) me what time it was.

５

日本文の意味を表すように，(  ) 内の下線を施した語句を並べかえて英文を完成せよ。

１

彼は腕組みをして座っていた。
( arms２hefolded) .

bookiswellpicture

theseselling ) .

beenhaveofthe risks

shouldteacherthe ) .

時間を守らない人を私は信用しない。
( no５his

その教員はリスクに気づいているべきだった。
( aware４sat

その絵本は最近よく売れている。
The ( days３withI

one

whonotispunctualtrust ) .

感情的になっているときに重要な決断をしてはいけない。
Do ( decisions

notemotional

importantmake

whenyou’re ) .

for解 答 用 紙 ［英 語 ］

12022

受 験般ⅠＢ

番 号

１２

３(2)

４ (1)

(4)

(3)

５２

１２

３

４５６７８

９３１２３４５６７８９４５１１	 			２The

２３										      
.

.															３.												      ４														      .

Do											      
５.

解 答 用 紙 ［英 語 ］

2022

受 験般ⅠＢ番 号

解答例1		
１					
itself caused by global warming		 しかし，より暖かい気温が続くことは，より多くの氷が					２					解け，降る雪が少なくなることを意味する。							洪水や水位の上昇が人々に移動を強要し，そしてこの傾					向が続いていくと予想される。

３

コ

４ (1)

２３オ

(3)

ア(4)

エ

５ウ

オ

キ

１

２

３

４

５

６

７

８９ウ

ア

エエ

イ

ウ

イ

ア

エ

１２

３４５６７８９ア

ウ

ク

コ

サ

タキエス

４１to５(2)２mebeケ

３solvedandasked				 １He sat with his arms folded.				 ２The picture book is selling well these days.				 ３The teacher should have been aware of the risks.				 ４I trust no one who is not punctual.				 ５Do not make important decisions when you’re emotional.