Optical Disk Drive（PSC-ID: BB-03）
2004/09/29 BB-03
2004/03/01 BB-02
2003/12/5

Note: These standards have been prepared for the development of EcoLeaf™
environmental labels. Use for any other purpose without consent of the EcoLeaf™
program office is strictly prohibited.

No.

1

Major
key

Minor
key

Class

Requirements

Precon Target Description A device for business or consumer use which uses optical disks* toditions productread or to read and write data.
This includes both internally and externally connected drives, but
excludes products whose main application is viewing DVDs.
* Including magneto-optical disks.

2

3

Stage

Scope

Device proper plus its packing material included in smallest retailunit. Intermediate packing material used in distribution is included in
the product scope (shipping cases, etc.).

Scope

1. Life cycle stages covered
All stages: Material manufacturing, product manufacturing,
distribution, use, and discarding/recycling.
2. System boundary
Only items specified in number 2 above (target product scope).
(In the example of an internal drive, only the drive’s power
consumption in the usage stage would be included, while thepower consumption of the computer itself and the
manufacturing impact of the computer power supply that
supplies the drive’s power are not included.)

1

No.

4

Major
key

Minor
key

Product datasheet(PDS)

Manufa Productcturing materials
stage
orinformat ingrediention
makeupInput
data(product
for the informat
LCI:
ion)
Lifecycleinventory
analysisClass

Requirements

1. Class A parts (parts whose processing and assembly impacts you
determine yourself)
Assembled circuit boards (only main boards; flexible boards
excluded)
Only main board mounting processes are checked.
This is illustrated in Figure 1.
2. Material category names
Materials recorded in the “1. Product Information” section of the
product data sheet are as follows. Other materials are listed
simply as “others.”
Normal steel, stainless steel, aluminum, copper, othermetals, thermoplastic resin, thermosetting resin, rubber, glass,paper, wood, assembled circuit boards, batteries (listed only
when included in the design), and electromagnetic steel plate
3. Recycling
When open recycling and reuse are included
Each company can calculate these categories by creating scenarios
considered appropriate, and while taking careful note of thefollowing items. The soundness of scenario bases is subject toverification.
(1) Processes regarded within the scope of “indirect effects”(2) Deductions and impacts within the scope of “indirect effects”
Note
PSC-BB-01: No distinction is made between direct and indirect
effects with regard to recycling effectiveness.

2

No.

5

Major
key

Minor
key

Class

Requirements

Manufa Material
1. Materials and energy that are input, consumed, and emitted at thecturing and energy
manufacturing site, and inter-process transport impact must be
stage
inputs,included as standard if they are among the following.
informat consumpti
ion
on, and(1) Material inputs and energy consumed(product emissions
ion siteElectricity, fuel oil A, diesel fuel, kerosene, gasoline, LNG
informat(town gas), LPG, city tap water, industrial water supply,ion)groundwater.
(2) Material emissions
Not specified. Each company should enter those it deems
important.
(3) Impact of transport among manufacturing processes
The general rule is that the transport impact of material inputs(feedstock and energy) is not factored in. However, thetransport impact from manufacturing site to final
assembly for class A parts is included.
2. Byproducts and sub-materials
Not included.
• Byproducts are products which arise secondarily in the
manufacturing process and are sold, as distinguished fromproducts whose manufacture is the main purpose.
• Sub-materials are materials input and discarded at the
manufacturing site, and are not shipped with products.

3

No.

6

Major
key

Minor
key

Class

Distribut Productiontransport
stage
conditions
information

Requirements

Standard transport conditions for finished products are as follows.
1. Domestic transport
Distance is 500 km.
Each company decides the means and loading ratio.
2. Product transport from overseas to Japan
Each company calculates this by creating a model which
covers the means, distance, and loading ratio ofdomestic and international transport from overseas
manufacturing sites to the consumer country (Japan).

4

No.

7

Major
key

Minor
key

Class

Usage Product
stage
usage
informat conditions
ion

Requirements

1. Usage conditions
A. Assumptions
On the premise that the amount of data handled in a certain
period of time is constant, usage stage impact is
calculated assuming that one whole disk is written and
one whole disk is read each day during the usage periodusing the drive’s maximum capability.
• Total time per day that drive is on: 4.5 hours
Based on the model of personal computers used in ordinary
offices, as described in “Energy Conservation for
Personal Computers and Peripherals,” publishedby the Japan Electronics and Information
Technology Association.
Although this document has different definitions for
operating, standby, and low-power states, thisPSC totals (total for operating and standby
states) the time that power is supplied to an
optical disk drive in one day, and sets the total
at 4.5 hours.
• Operating time (reading and writing) in hours per day:
In accordance with section B below, “How to measure daily
power consumption,” daily operating time is the timespent reading and writing data (Tr+Tw in figure
below).
• Standby time (on but not operating) per day:
4.5 hours per day minus the above “operating time” (Ti in figure
below).
• Total usage time
Drive runs 240 days annually (5 days/week x 4 weeks x 12
months) for 4 years (harmonized with the PSC fornotebook computers).
• Data capacity
Data capacity used for each task is the maximum value for the
medium being used.

5

No.

Major
key

Minor
key

Class

Requirements• Two-sided media
Even when a multilayered medium is used, only one side and asingle layer are used for the task.
[Figure BB-03 (1)

1
2
3
4
5

Power consumption
Writing
ReadingStandbyTotal time on per day: 4.5 hours]

B. How to measure daily power consumption
Determine the power consumption (kWh) required to perform a
stipulated task (excluding self-verification).
(1) When transfer speed is variable (CD and DVD drives, etc.)
Execute the following two tasks. Perform only b for read-only
drives.
a. Write data at the maximum speed to a medium supported by
the drive and allowing the highest write transfer speed.
b. Read data at the maximum speed from a medium supportedby the drive and allowing the highest read transfer
speed.
Example: If testing a combination CD-RW/DVD-R drive, write
to a CD medium and read from a DVD medium.
(2) When there is only one transfer speed (such as MO drives)
Execute the following two tasks. Perform only b for read-only
drives.
a. Write to a medium of the largest capacity supported by thedrive.
b. Read from a medium of the largest capacity supported by thedrive.

6

No.

7

Major
key

Minor
key

Class

Usage Product
stage
usage
informat conditions
ion

Requirements

2. Consumables and replacement parts
It is assumed there are no consumables or replacement
parts used during the usage stage.
3. MaintenanceNo maintenance is anticipated during the usage stage.

7

No.

8

Major
key

Minor
key

Class

Waste/ Productrecyclin waste/
g stage recycling
informat conditions
ion

Requirements

Items in common
1. Paper is considered combustible waste.
2. Recycling rate data for corrugated cardboard: Values compiled
and released by the Japan Corrugated Case Association are
adopted as the industry standard.
Because those values are updated every year, this PSC uses thevalues from the newest version when the EcoLeaf™ standard is
published (rate for 2001 was 97.1%).
External drives (both business and consumer models)
Drives, accessories, batteries, and other such items are considered
noncombustible municipal solid waste, and each company
develops its own waste management scenario.
Internal drives (both business and consumer models)
1. Scenario
Use Figure 2, “Discarding and Recycling Scenario for
Scrapped Products.”• Product recovery rate
Each company should use its own data or those released by theindustry, but if these are unavailable, the rate should be set
at 20%.
• Municipal solid waste (MSW) disposal scenario
Each company should develop its own waste management
scenario.
• Reuse scenario
It is assumed that products and parts are not reused.
• Recycling scenario, industrial waste disposal scenario- Recovered products are all handled under the recycling
scenario.
- The recycling scenario covers only metals, and the metal
recycling rate (yield) is set at 80%.
- Materials other than metals are handled as industrial waste(landfilled).

8

No.

8

Major
key

Minor
key

Class

Waste/ Productrecyclin waste/
g stage recycling
informat conditions
ion

Requirements- Transport is set at 500 km by 4-ton truck under theassumption that recovered products are accepted at adomestic location.
- Impact of processing, such as crushing, classification, andrecycling, is calculated separately within the scenario.
- The deduction scenario is Figure 2, “Discarding andRecycling Scenario for Scrapped Products.”
2. Consumables and replacement parts
There is no reuse or replacement of consumables during the
product lifetime.
3. Open recycling and reuse
When open recycling and reuse are included, each company cancalculate these categories by creating scenarios consideredappropriate, and while taking careful note of the following items. The
soundness of scenario bases is subject to verification.
(1) Processes regarded within the scope of “indirect effects”(2) Deductions and impacts within the scope of “indirect effects”
Note
PSC-BB-01: No distinction is made between direct and indirect
effects with regard to recycling effectiveness.

9

No.

9

Major
key

Minor
key

Class

Requirements

Produc Inventor Lifecycle
1. How to calculate the main board manufacturing impacttyinventory
Enviro analyse calculation The main board comprises semiconductor packages (LSIs andnment srules
memory), connectors for external wiring, laminated boards, andalother components (ICs, capacitors, resistors, connectors for
Informinternal wiring, etc.).
ation
Disclos
For impacts of:
ure
Sheet
• LSIs and memory having 30 or more pins, use common-intensity(PEID
semiconductor packages.
S)• Connectors for external wiring, use common-intensity
electroplated steel sheet.
• Laminated boards and other parts, use common-intensity
laminated board.
The printed circuit board mounting process is calculated as being on
the manufacturing site, under No. 5, “Manufacturing stage
information.” The foregoing is illustrated in Figure 1.
Solder used for connections is subject to the cut-off rule because its
weight is such a small part of the whole.
2. How to calculate the battery manufacturing impact
Calculate impact with the following formula using the EcoLeaf™
manufacturing intensity U (/kg) for alkaline manganese batteries,
nominal voltage V of the batteries used, and their nominal
discharge capacity A (mAh).
See the notes at the end for details.
U x V x A x 47/3,900,000
3. When open recycling and reuse are included, calculate direct andindirect effects separately and express the indirect portion as“recycling effectiveness.” On the PEIDS put the indirect effect total in
the “Recycling Effectiveness” space. Put the recycling effectivenessbreakdown in the PEIDS explanation space.
Note
PSC-BB-01: No distinction is made between direct andindirect effects with regard to recycling effectiveness.

10

No.

Major
key

Minor
key

Class

10

Impact Additional
analysis impact
category

11

Breakd Data
Allocationown
process rule
data
ing
sheet
(PDS-related)Requirements“Ozone layer depletion” and “eutrophication” items are not included.

Not unified; each company decides as it sees fit.
1. Resource input amounts
In special cases where the mass of some materials cannot be
determined, get a breakdown of the masses of the materials
making up at least 90% of the product’s total mass, and prorate
the rest to come out to 100%.
2. Manufacturing process data
Each company decides as it sees fit. Grounds for deciding rules are
subject to verification.

12

13

Data
CoveragecollectionCut-off
rules

When data are unobtainable because products are new or for otherreasons, It is permissible to substitute data (including intensities)
that include the conditions used in designing or planning.

Cut-off rules may be applied for assembly impacts and otherimpacts, but they must be clearly specified as below (subject toverification).
1. Grounds for application
2. Standard values

11

No.

14

Major
key

Minor
key

Breakd Databa
own
se
data
sheet
(PEID
Srelated)

Class

Requirements

Commonintensity
selection

Materials anticipated to be used in two or more components, anditems using EcoLeaf™ common intensities are as follows.
1. Assembly of parts whose purchase is decided by each company— Parts assembly
2. Main board LSIs and memory with 30 or more pins —Semiconductor package
3. External wiring connectors on main board — Electroplated steel
sheet
4. Flexible printed circuit boards, LCDs, and other populated circuitboards — Assembled circuit boards
5. AC adaptors —(Transformer power supply type) Electromagnetic steel
plate 50%, copper 20%, applicable resin 30%.
(Switching power supply type) Assembled circuit boards
40%, copper 20%, applicable resin 40%
6. Silicon rubber — styrene-butadiene rubber (SBR)
7. Power cords — conductors: copper 40%, covering material:
applicable resin 60%.
8. I/F cable — Conductor: copper 30%, covering material: applicable
resin 50%, cold-rolled steel sheet 20%
9. Batteries (both primary and secondary) — Use the manufacturing
intensity for alkaline manganese batteries, and calculate with themethod described in item 9 (LCI calculation method).

15

Intensity
addition

16

Addition of No additions.
characteriz
ation factor

12

No additions.

No.

17

Major
key

Minor
key

Produc Producttspecific
environ ation
mentalinform
ation

Class

Requirements

1. Type: external (bus power or independent power supply) andinternal
2. Media and data transfer speed
3. Interface
4. Mass (drive and accessories, in kg), and dimensions of drive unit

13

No.

18

Major
key

Minor
key
Data
disclosureClassRequirements

1. Items to list
List the compulsory items specified in section 3.2 of theimplementation guidelines: “global warming impact,
acidification impact, and energy consumption,” while
the 7 optional items (guidelines) may be listed as
desired.
2. Items to note
Put the following at the bottom of section E of the PEAD
sheet.
“Items subject to data disclosure include optical disk drives,
manuals, accessories, packaging, and shipping cases(when used).”“Usage stage environmental impact is calculated assumingthat each day the drive writes one side of a XXX full of
data and reads data from a whole side of a YYY.” (XXX
is the name of the largest-capacity write medium thatcan be used with the drive, and YYY is the name of thelargest-capacity read medium that can be used.)“The information disclosed above does not include theenvironmental impact of the data-recording medium
itself.”
3. Method of representation
Use a bar graph to show the global warming impact (CO2equivalent) of each stage in section E of the PEAD
sheet.
When open recycling and reuse are included:• Show recycling effectiveness with dotted lines
independently for each stage, without integrating actual
impact;• Enter the recycling effectiveness breakdown in the margin.

Note
PSC-BB-01: No distinction is made between direct andindirect effects with regard to recycling effectiveness.

14

No.

19

Major
key

Minor
key

Other Optiona
environ l items
mentrelated
inform
ation

Class

Requirements

The following may be entered as information related to theenvironmental characteristics of the product even though it is not
LCA information.
1. Type I and/or Type III environmental label
2. Acquisition of ISO 14001 certification
3. Certificates, approvals, or awards from national or industry
organizations
4. Information on hazardous substances
Note whether these or other hazardous substances are used:
lead, mercury, cadmium, hexavalent chrome,
polybrominated biphenyls (PBBs), and polybrominateddiphenyl ethers (PBDEs). Note clearly when there arelimitations on items subject to entry here.
5. Information on use of eco-friendly materials
Note the part and specify its materials.

Note: Explanation on how to calculate manufacturing impact when batteries are used,
and into what stage to add the impact
The only EcoLeaf™ common intensities that can be used at this time are alkaline
manganese batteries and manganese batteries (primary) and lead-acid batteries(secondary). Therefore, the manufacturing impacts of other battery types cannot bedirectly calculated.
In accordance with the reasoning that the manufacturing impact of any battery typecorrelates with the amount of power it can store (voltage × total discharge current), thefollowing procedure is hereby prescribed to calculate the manufacturing impact of abattery.
1. Formula definition
Based on the averages of data brought together by the companies which participatedin the working group to discuss the camera PSC, which first prescribed this calculation
method, about the same number of photographs could be taken with one CR123A(nominal voltage, 3 V; nominal discharge capacity, 1,300 mAh), which is a
representative lithium battery, and two LR6 (AA alkaline manganese dry cell; nominal
voltage, 1.5 V) batteries in series. It was therefore decided that the manufacturing
burden for a CR123A battery is equivalent to that for two LR6 batteries. In other words,

15

the manufacturing intensity U (/kg) for alkaline manganese batteries, which is
specified as one of the EcoLeaf™ common intensities, is used to calculate the
manufacturing impact of a CR123A battery with the following equation.
CR123A manufacturing impact = manufacturing impact of two LR6 batteries(nominal weight: 23.5 g each) = U x 23.5 x 2 ÷ 1,000 L
Therefore the manufacturing impacts of any battery used with the products covered bythis PSC can be calculated with the following equation by using the CR123A
manufacturing impact as a reference and correlating with the nominal voltage V andnominal discharge capacity A (mAh) of the battery being investigated.
manufacturing impact of one battery = L x (V÷3) x (A÷1,300) = U x V x A x 47 ÷
3,900,000
Reference: Reference data for voltage, discharge capacity, and other properties (getinformation from battery makers when battery type is not listed below)
CR2: 3 V, 750 mAh
CR123A: 3 V, 1,300 mAh
2CR5: 6 V, 1,300 mAh
CR-V3P: 3 V, 3,000 mAh
2. Stages in which to include impact data
Include the battery-related environmental impact data in stages as follows.
• Manufacturing impact of batteries included with product: Manufacturing stage• Batteries changed during product usage: Usage stage• Discarding impact of batteries discarded during usage period: Usage stage• Batteries discarded with drive: Discarding and recycling stage

16

Figure 1 Optical Disk Drive
How to determine impacts in the material and manufacturing stage (related to items 4
and 9)
Perform measurements for the hatched portions of the figure and calculate the rest
using intensities.
1
Manufacturing of individual parts
2
LSIs and memory with 30 or more pins
Calculate using “semiconductor package” intensity.
3
Laminated boards
Calculate using “laminated board” intensity
4
External wiring connectors
Calculate using “electroplated steel sheet” intensity
5
Others (ICs, capacitors, resistors, internal wiring connectors, etc.)
Calculate using “laminated board” intensity
6
Main board manufacturing (mounting)
7
Main board mounting process
8
Final assembly
9
Final assembly process17Figure 2 Optical Disk Drive
Discarding and Recycling Scenario for Scrapped Products (related to item 8)
1
Spent parts
2
Recover?
3
Recovery4
Crushing
5
Municipal solid waste (MSW) disposal scenario
6
Combustible or noncombustible?
7
Combustible
8
Noncombustible
9
MSW incineration (incineration and landfilling ash)
10
MSW landfilling (landfilling only)
11
Recycling possible?
12
Other than metals
13
Metals14
Recycling process
Crushing, classification, reconstitution, etc.
15
Recycled materials (can be deducted)
16
Recycling scenario
17
Deduction scenario
18
Industrial waste disposal scenario
19
Industrial waste disposal (industrial waste incineration and landfilling)
Note: Transport impact is calculated on the basis of 500 km transport by 4-ton truck
under the assumption that recovered products are accepted at a domestic location.

18