Migration in East Asia: Case studies from Japan, China and Taiwan
Waseda University Doctoral Student Network (WUDSN)
June 20(Friday), 2008 (15:00~18:30)
Dr. David Blake Willis

Dr. David Chapman

Professor of Anthropology and Education in the Department of Humanities,
Soai University

Coordinator of Japanese Studies, the University of South Australia

Dejima: Legacies of Exclusion and Control
Abstract
Many of the policies with regard to outsiders in Japan are related directly to attempted legal remedies for difference in the expanding and then contracting realmof historical Japan. Artifacts of previous eras hang on and trip up current relationsin unexpected and difficult ways. For larger images of difference in the society,few symbols can rival Dejima, the tiny island in Nagasaki harbor where the Dutch,
the only Europeans allowed contact with Japan, were historically isolated (16391853). Dejima is an especially powerful symbol of the treatment of Others in theJapanese context. While recent research has revealed a far more complex reality
on the ground in historical Japan, the grip which Dejima has on the Japanese
consciousness with regard to the Other remains potent. Dejima continues to be aspecial symbol for the Japanese with its images and imaginings, shaping attitudes
and policies far out of proportion to the actual numbers of people who actually
lived on this small island in Nagasaki Bay.

ProfileDAVID BLAKE WILLIS is Professor of Anthropology and Education in the Department of Humanities, Soai University, Osaka, Japan. He specializes in transnational/transcultural studies, and his writings include over 70 articles and books ona wide variety of topics, most recently Transcultural Japan: At the Borders ofRace, Gender, and Identity (2008), Japanese Education in Transition 2001: Radical Perspectives on Cultural and Political Transformation (2002), and The Age ofCreolization in the Pacific: In Search of Emerging Cultures and Shared Values in
the Japan-America Borderlands (Lead and fifth chapters). He has lived in India(five years), Canada (two years), and Japan (28 years). He received his B.A. fromAntioch College (Asian Studies), his M.A. and the first year of his Ph.D. Studies at
the University of Chicago (Social Sciences and History/Anthropology), and hisPh.D. in Education (Anthropology, Administration) from the University of Iowa.

Sealing Japanese Identity
Abstract
On 22 February 2003 a group of foreign residents of Japan gathered in Yokohama’s Nishi Ward next to the Katabira River to protest the awarding of a residency certificate (juminhyo) to a seal called Tama-chan. Tama-chan had frequented the river and as such was awarded the certificate because he was “moreor less like a fellow resident” (Brophy 2003). The group of foreign residents criticized what they believed to be discrimination by the Japanese state because,whilst a seal is able to gain a residency certificate, foreign residents are legislatively excluded from obtaining one. The Tama-chan protest provides an opportunity for investigating not only the residency registration system but also otherpopulation registries such as the Japanese family registration system and alien
registration system. In this paper, I argue that a deeper and more informed understanding of the processes of marginalization of foreign residents in Japan can beachieved through a comprehensive investigation of Japan’s population registries
and their respective histories. I also discuss how these population registries aresites of tension in which contained notions of Japanese citizenship and national
identity are being contested by foreign resident populations with vested interests
in Japan as a home thus revealing the inadequacies, inconsistencies and ambiguities of these registration systems.

ProfileDavid Chapman is coordinator of Japanese Studies at the University of South
Australia. David has recently returned to Australia after completing a two year
JSPS postdoctoral fellowship at Waseda University. He has research interests inJapan's marginalised communities and has recently published a book titled Zainichi Korean Ethnicity and Identity with Routledge. His present research investigates the role of the household registration system in Japanese society.

Migration in East Asia: Case studies from Japan, China and Taiwan
Waseda University Doctoral Student Network (WUDSN)
June 20(Friday), 2008 (15:00~18:30)
Dr. Soo Im Lee

Stephen Robert Nagy

Professor at the Department of Business Administration, Ryukoku University

Research Associate, Institute of Asia Pacific Studies, Waseda University

The Underlying Myths, Beliefs and Calculations Reflectedin the Naturalization Policy in Japan

Examining the Role of Local Governments in Social Integration:
A Comparative Examination of Social Integration Practices
at the Local Government Level in Japan

Abstract
Despite the persistence of Japan’s image as a closed, ethnically homogeneous
nation-state, over the past few decades there has been a sharp increase in thenumber of foreign nationals applying for Japanese citizenship. Given demographic trends in Japan, these numbers are likely to increase. Over 60 percent of
all applicants for naturalization in Japan are Korean nationals (Figure 1). Therefore, Japanese naturalization policies are likely to have major implications for boththe future of Japanese society and the Korean community in Japan. Yet, despite
its importance, relatively little is known about how the Japanese naturalization
policy actually functions. The final decision of whether to accept a naturalization
application is left largely to the Ministry of Justice, and the procedures and criteria
for making a decision remain ambiguous and shrouded in a veil of bureaucratic
secrecy. The aim of this paper is to explore the ways in which Japanese naturalization policy is carried out, to trace the ways in which it has evolved, and to shedlight on the underlying myths, beliefs and calculations of economic and politicalinterest on which those policies are based.

ProfileSoo im Lee received her Ed. D in Education, Curriculum, Instruction and Technology in
Education from Temple University. She is actively working to improve the human rights offoreign residents in Japan and she currently serves as a member of the Osaka City Committee for Policies on Foreign Residents. In 2007, she was chosen as Global Scholar by
English Testing Service, NJ, USA, and her past research on the importance of fairness inlanguage testing was globally esteemed. She is a naturalized citizen of Korean descent inJapan and she is tackling actively an exploration of diversity in the Japanese society asexamined in her book, Japan's Diversity Dilemmas: Ethnicity, Citizenship, and Education.
Lee has explored the decades-long experience of Koreans in Japan: the early migration
during the colonial period; the loss of Japanese nationality at the end of World War II; andthe current efforts to promote naturalization and the recovery of ethnic names. She is also
looking at how the forces of globalization undercut the notion of homogeneity and giveraise to new notions of diversity and multiculturalism in Japan.

Abstract
Japan has seen the population of foreign residents increase 50% since the 1990s.
In large urban areas such as the Tokyo Metropolitan Area (TMA) this increase
has occurred in concert with a distinct settlement pattern in which various ethnic
groups conglomerate in specific municipalities with previously established ethniccommunities. This settlement pattern has prompted local governments to develop
social integration policies under the rubric of multicultural coexistence which
represents their particular ethnic concentration. These policies revolve around
fomenting inclusionism and pluralism in these municipalities; however this stops
short of full political suffrage for eligible foreign residents. This paper will compare
the social integration practices of two municipalities, one in the TMA and the otherin Kanagawa Prefecture in order to explain how ethnic communities contribute to
the formation of local government led social integration practices. Through understanding how ethnic communities influence and attenuate social integration practices, local governments will be better able to mitigate the challenges of the ethnicisation of Japanese municipalities, furthering the social integration of various ethnic groups while diminishing the inevitable friction that is precipitated when new
ethnic groups settle in urban settings.

ProfileStephen R. Nagy is a Research Associate at Waseda University’s Institute of AsiaPacific Studies. Educated at the University of Calgary, Canada and Waseda University, Tokyo, he is currently serving as President of the Waseda University Doctoral
Student Network (WUDSN), VP of Communications for the Association of Pacific
Rim’s Doctoral Student Network and a PhD Candidate at the Graduate School of AsiaPacific Studies (GSAPS). His research is centered on the implications of migration toJapan, the manner integration will take place and future constructs of Japanese identity, nationality, citizenship and Japan’s ability to navigate through this process.

Migration in East Asia: Case studies from Japan, China and Taiwan
Waseda University Doctoral Student Network (WUDSN)
June 20(Friday), 2008 (15:00~18:30)
Dr. Gracia Liu-Farrer

Peichun Han

Lecturer of Sociology at the Faculty of Liberal Arts, Sophia University

PhD Candidate, Waseda University.

Creating a Transnational Community:
Chinese Newcomers in Japan

Hidden “In between-ness”: an Exploration of TaiwaneseTransnational Identity in Contemporary Japan

Abstract
In 2006, over seven hundred thousand Chinese-born people resided in Japan.
The majority of them, called “newcomers,” arrived after the mid-1980s. Despite
the economic downturns in Japan and the booms in China, the eventful diplomatic
relationship between the two countries and changing immigration control policies
in Japan, the Chinese population has been rapidly growing since the mid-1980s,
showing no sign of slowing down. Transnational practices and outlooks characterize the Chinese newcomer community in Japan. In a country reluctant to become
an immigrant country despite surging immigration and a society widely (even iffalsely) perceived as racially homogeneous, maintaining economic and social ties
with the home country and making transnational living arrangements have become strategies Chinese immigrants have adopted both to circumvent their marginal social positions and to gain socioeconomic mobility in Japan. Beginning witha brief history of the Chinese in Japan, this chapter introduces the patterns of contemporary migration and the characteristics of the Chinese newcomers in thiscountry. It categorizes their transnational modes of social and economic adaption
as well as their living arrangements, and describes the construction of the identityof “new Overseas Chinese (shin hua qiao).”

ProfileGracia Liu-Farrer (PhD) is currently a lecturer of Sociology at the Faculty of Liberal Arts,
Sophia University, Japan, and at the International Center, Keio University. Her dissertation,
titled Educationally Channeled International Labor Migration: Post-1978 Student Mobility
from China to Japan (University of Chicago, 2007), examines the diverse labor market outcomes of contemporary Chinese student migrants in Japan. She has written articles andbook chapters about the economic, social and emotional lives of the Chinese in Japan inboth English and Japanese. She is currently investigating Chinese migrants' transnational
labor market practices, career mobility, and the issues of racial and gender stratifications
emerging in the transnational labor market between Japan and China.

Abstract
This article offers an analysis of the dynamic interplay of endogenous and exogenous forces thatcreate the complexity of immigrant identity. It examines cultural identity and the related discourse of one particular immigrant group, the “post-war comer” Taiwanese, in contemporary
Japan. This group came to Japan after the end of WWII. They have experienced complex transitions in both legal statuses and self-identifications. Constituted from the legacies of Japanesecolonialism and Chinese nationalism, the post-war comer Taiwanese constantly negotiate andredefine their “neither here, nor there” identities and thus constitute a distinct case within the
population of overseas ethnic Chinese.
Japan, widely considered to be a society of racial and cultural homogeneity, faces an increasing
influx of migrants, in particular those from East Asia in recent years. Immigration thus leads to abroad range of concerns in contemporary Japanese society. While previous literatures on theChinese and Korean Diaspora are widely researched, there is a vacuum on Taiwanese Diaspora
in the associated scholarship. This study investigates the Taiwanese migrants’ cultural adaptation and socialization under the Japanese discourse through literature reviews and field study.
This paper argues that the post-war comer Taiwanese have constructed a transnational identity
hidden in between two cultures of Japanese and Chinese. In other words, this paper attempts tooffer a perspective on Taiwanese under Japanese colonialism and Chinese nationalism thattranscends the “identity struggle” commonly experienced by immigrants around the world.
This group of Taiwanese migrants in postwar Japan struggle with surveillance, assimilation,resistance, and identity confusions. To balance between a survival strategy overseas and a primordial attachment to the motherland, their identification with group boundaries may shift inaccordance with a variety of situations.

ProfilePeichun Han is a PhD candidate of International Relations at Waseda University. She received her
B.A. in International Relations from the National Taiwan University in 2002, and M.A. in Public Policyfrom Georgetown University in Washington DC in 2004. She is currently working as a TA at the Department of International Liberal Studies, Waseda University. Her research interests focus on East
Asia and migration studies, particularly those related to identity and cultural comparison. Her working
dissertation researches Taiwanese Diaspora. She examines the unique traits of Taiwanese migrants inJapan through comparative approaches. In addition to a number of editorial articles in newspapers,
her paper “China Studies in Japan” was published in the Quarterly of Mainland China Studies(National Taiwan University Press, 2005). Her latest paper, "Hidden in between-ness" is expected tobe published by Asian Ethnicity Vol.8 No.2 (Taylor and Francis Group Press, June 2008).

Migration in East Asia: Case studies from Japan, China and Taiwan
Waseda University Doctoral Student Network (WUDSN)
June 20(Friday), 2008 (15:00~18:30)
Discussants:
Prof. Glenda S. Roberts
Professor, Graduate School of Asia-Pacific Studies, Waseda University
Ph.D. in Anthropology, Cornell University
Field of Specialization :Socio-cultural Anthropology
Prof. Shigeto Sonoda
Professor, Graduate School of Asia-Pacific Studies, Waseda University
MA in Comparative Sociology, Tokyo University
Field of Specialization :Comparative Sociology, Social Change and Cultural Transformation inAsian Societies

For detailed information on location and access,please visit the website:
http://www.waseda-giari.jp/jpn/wudsn/index.html
http://www.waseda.jp/gsaps/WUDSN/WUDSNindex.htm
Application not necessary however organizers would appreciate
an email confirming your attendance,
please include name, affiliation, research area.
s.nagy@aoni.waseda.jp

Welcome Address : Prof. Satoshi Amako
Session Ⅰ: 15:00 to 17:00“Dejima: Legacies of Exclusion and Control”- Dr. David Blake Willis (Soai University)“Sealing Japanese Identity”- Dr. David Chapman (University of South Australia)“The Underlying Myths, Beliefs and Calculations Reflected in theNaturalization Policy in Japan”- Dr. Soo Im Lee (Ryukoku University)“Examining the Role of Local Governments in Social Integration: A
Comparative Examination of Social Integration Practices at the Local
Government Level in Japan”- Stephen R. Nagy Research Associate (Waseda University)
Discussant: Prof. Glenda S. Roberts
Session Ⅱ: 17:15 to 18:30“Creating a Transnational Community: Chinese Newcomers in Japan”- Dr. Gracia Liu-Farrer (Sophia University)“Hidden “In between-ness”: an Exploration of Taiwanese Transnational Identity in Contemporary Japan”- Peichun Han PhD Candidate (Waseda University)
Discussant: Prof. Shigeto Sonoda
Closing Remarks : Stephen R. Nagy
日時 ：2008年 6月 20日（金） 15:00 ～ 18:30
Date ：
Friday June 20th
15:00 ～ 18:30
会場 ：西早稲田 ビル 19号館
710 号室Venue ：
Sodai-Nishiwaseda Bldg. 19, Room 710
主催 / Organized by ： Waseda University Doctoral Student Network
協力 / Supported by ： Global Institute for Asian Regional Integration and GSAPS
申込不要、自由入場 / Open to the public, free of charge