Volume 9, Number 4 | Winter 2014

Kampo Medicine - Current Research
Clinical Applications of Kakkonto – Part 4

stiffness develops in the shoulders.”1) Additionally, in

Kampo shinryo iten, it is written : “Use [kakkonto]

Hiromichi Yasuiin cases where the mammary gland is developed andJapan Institute of TCM Researchis in a state that would normally secrete sufficient
milk but does not due to stagnation, and thereby

Kakkonto is a prescription that first appeared in
the great Chinese classic Shokanron (treatise on cold

words, kakkonto can be expected to be effective

damage) and came to be widely used in Japan fromagainst both shortage of milk production andthe latter half of the 19th century. Particularly sincelactation insufficiency.

causes stiffness in the shoulders and back.”2) In othervariousAsagiri administered kakkonto to women who

indications for the prescription, it came to be usedhave just given birth by normal delivery andwidely for a variety of diseases. In Japan, it is known

compared the efficacy of kakkonto with women in

as a representative Kampo drug and a populara control group. As a result, he reports that in theprescription that also appears in the traditional

kakkonto group, an increase in lactation was

Rakugo comic story of “Kakkonto Doctor.”

observed among women giving birth for the first

Yodo

Odai

(1799-1870)

introduced

time and those who have given birth two or moretimes, and found that kakkonto was particularly

Clinical applications (continued)
In Shokanron, indications for kakkonto are acuteinfectious diseases. However, from Japan’s more

effective in cases of milk stagnation.3)
Ishino et al. administered Tsumura kakkonto

than 150 years of experience, kakkonto is known to

extract

have an extremely wide range of indications and is

portions/day) to 20 women who have just given

today

are

birth and made a comparison with a control group

introduced below, in continuation from the previousof 20 women. The result was that on the fifth day

issue.

of childbirth, the kakkonto group had an increased

appliedtomanydiseases.

These

granules7.5g(divided

into

three

amount of lactation than the control group. They
19. Lactation insufficiency & mastitis

also report that the kakkonto group had higher

In Japan, kakkonto is used against lactation

blood PRL levels than the control group on the fifth

insufficiency by experience, and is recognized for its

day of childbirth, as well as decreased amounts ofefficacy. There are also reports that it is effective in

DHEA-S.4)

the initial stage of mastitis. The two are similar inthat they are caused by an abnormality in the

Mastitis basically has the same mechanism asmechanism of lactation, and thus share thelactationmechanism that allows kakkonto to be effective, in

involves an external pathogen.

insufficiency,

but

purulent

mastitis

In Kampo shinryo iten, it is written: “Whether for

many ways.
With regard to this point, it is written in Chuistagnant or purulent mastitis, use kakkonto plus

shohou kaisetsu (Chinese medicine prescriptions)5.0g gypsum in cases where the patient complains ofthat “when the breast does not fill and does notchills, fever, swelling, pain, or stiff shoulders in thesecrete sufficient milk, the patient should takeinitial stage.”5)

kakkonto along with foods and drinks that contain aSato et al. studied the efficacy of administering

lot of water, such as dandelion tea, milk, zenzai red-

kakkonto for milk stagnation mastitis and thebean soup with mochi, and noodles. Use kakkontotransfer of its components to breastmilk, andwhen the breast fills but does not secrete milk andreportthatnosignificant

The Journal of Kampo, Acupuncture and Integrative Medicine (KAIM)

differences

were

9

Volume 9, Number 4 | Winter 2014

observed between the kakkonto group and control

Kunio Matsuda, Milk deficiency, Shorei ni yoru

group with respect to increases in lactation, breast

Kampo chiryo no jissai (practical Kampo therapy by

pain and mitigation of breast swelling. With regard

disease name), p. 312, Sogensha, 1992

to the transfer of its main components tobreastmilk, ephedrine was detected in 10% of theCase 2: Stagnation mastitis

subjects and glycyrrhizin in 50%, among the

18-year-old female with no previous pregnancy or

substances that could be examined, but newborns

childbirth experience. Normal delivery of a baby girlthat consumed this milk did not display any

after 39 weeks and 2 days after pregnancy. On theclinical problems in particular.6)

morning of the second day after delivery, the feeling

Below are cases that have been reported to date.

of breast engorgement intensified and came to

They are reports of cases relating to milk deficiency,

accompany a heat sensation and pain. Thus,

milk stagnation and mastitis caused by milk

kakkonto (TJ-1) 7.5g/day was administered for two

stagnation.

days in addition to the normal breast massage. Aftertaking the prescription, the patient said the heat

Case 1: Hypogalactia

sensation and pain decreased in about half a day,36-year-old female. Famous calligrapher living inand she became much more comfortable. The feelingthe countryside.

of breast engorgement continued until the sixth day[First visit] December 1973

after delivery, but it was not painful.

[History of present illness / Present condition]

The patient had 10ml of milk secretion by the(First part omitted) The woman delivered a baby

second day of delivery, which increased to 142ml on

girl in January 1981. In June of the same year, she

the third day and 308ml on the fourth day. By the

became pregnant with her second child and gave

seventh day, the baby was fed 100% by breast milk,birth in 1982. In October 1983, she gave birth to her

and mother and child left the hospital.
(Partial omission) Kakkonto proved to be an

third child.
According to a letter I received on December 15, 1983,

effective Kampo drug that could be used for breast

her breastmilk did not flow as well as her previous

stagnation during the postpartum period without

two times, and she wished to know if something

worrying about disease pattern or about its impact

could be done about it.

on the newborn.

[Progress] Dandelion tea is said to be good for milk

Hisanori Oguri et al., A case in which kakkonto was

deficiency, but I have never used this, so I

effective for breast stagnation, Science of Kampo

administered kakkonto, considering the woman’s

Medicine, Vol. 28, No. 3, p. 33, 2004

build. I sent her kakkonto extract 5.0g (to be taken
in two portions) and instructed her to occasionallyCase 3: Mastitis

eat kuzumochi (mochi cakes made of kudzu powder)

Patient: 24-year-old female, 1 pregnancy experience

with a topping of honey.

The patient’s pregnancy showed good progress

I received a reply right away. The letter was dated

without any complications, and she gave birth to a

December 21, so she had taken the drug only for

3,250g baby boy by normal delivery. However, fromabout five days, but she wrote that “her breast milk

the third day after delivery, she began to complain ofhas begun to flow very smoothly after taking thea feeling of intense engorgement of both breasts,

prescription, and owing to that her child sleeps wellspontaneous pain, slight fever and lack of milk

and is growing healthily every day.”secretion.

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The Journal of Kampo, Acupuncture and Integrative Medicine (KAIM)

Volume 9, Number 4 | Winter 2014

Past medical history / History of pregnancy: The

20. Acute gastroenteritis

patient has nothing in particular in her past medical

In Shokanron, it is written: “In greater yang andhistory, but with regard to pregnancy, she had anyang brightness combination disease, there will beabortion in her third month of pregnancy two years

spontaneous diarrhea. kakkonto governs this,” andago, and nothing else.

“When in greater yang and yang brightness

Present condition / Examination findings: Weightcombination disease, diarrhea is absent, only

56kg (52kg when not pregnant), height 160cm, bodyretching is present. kakkonkahangeto governs this.”

temperature 37.2°C, pulse 68/min. No anemia. Upon

The above describes conditions seen in infectious

internal examination, uterine anteversion wasenteritis, and in cases of diarrhea, it is frequently

confirmed, fist-sized and good contraction. Mostly

accompanied by a tenesmus.

normal lochia. No findings that suspect

pelvicHosono adds: “…There was an occasion to apply

infection. Blood sedimentation rate 30 (15ʹ) – 42 (60ʹ),[kakkonto] in the initial stage of dysentery and

CRP (+), Hb36%, white cell count 11,000, red cell

colitis. When kakkonto was applied in the initialcount 420 × 104. These findings were considered tostage where mucus or bloody purulent stool

indicate a normal state or minor inflammation foraccompanying tenesmus was frequently excreted

the postpartum period.

under the combined conditions of early yang and

Before taking the prescription, the patient’s breasts

middle yang diseases, some minor sweating was

were strongly tense, she experienced spontaneous

immediately followed by relief from the urge to havepain and oppressive pain, and she secreted a small

a bowel movement that had occurred at intervals ofamount of slightly bloody milk. The engorgement in

10 to 30 minutes and a significant decrease in bloody

her breasts was evident to the touch as a lump on thepurulent stool. It appears that kakkonto works evenouter sides of her breasts and on the axillary lymph

better in such cases with the addition of oren

node on the right side.

(Coptidis Rhizoma) and ogon (Scutellariae Radix).”7)

Present condition from the perspective of Oriental
medicine: Moist skin, no anemia. Dry mouth (+), stiff

Case 1: Acute enteritis

shoulders (+), nausea (-), headache from the neck to

Patient: 72-year-old female

back of the head (+).

First visit: January 4, 1993

Pulse: strong

History of present illness: On January 4, 1993, theAbdomen: tension of the abdominal rectus muscle onpatient suffered vomiting and diarrhea at around 3

both sides (+)

a.m. and took Hangeshashinto (extract), but he had

Progress: After administering kakkonto 5g/day, theserous diarrhea three times until a little past 9 a.m.

spontaneous pain became (-) on the second day, on

when he visited the clinic.

the third day, the breast engorgement clearly

Present

decreased even from an objective perspective, but

sweating. Tongue covered with a white coating andthe swelling of the axillary lymph node remained the

moist. Weak pulse, soft abdomen.

same. Milk secretion improved from the fourth day

Treatmentof taking kakkonto, and there was also sufficient

diarrhea was caused by virus-induced acute enteritis

milk ejection.

(because I did not verify it by an examination), I

Yoshiaki Sato, Cases of mastitis, Gendai no Kampo

condition:andTemperature

progress:

37.7°C,

Surmising

that

no

the

immediately administered kakkonto (extract) on thechiryo (modern Kampo therapy), p. 464, Toyo

spot.

Gakujutsu Shuppansha, 1985

kakkonkahangeto and told him to make a decoction

I

also

gave

him

a

day’s

dose

of

of it when he got home.

The Journal of Kampo, Acupuncture and Integrative Medicine (KAIM)

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Volume 9, Number 4 | Winter 2014

In the late afternoon, I received a call from thea loss, when Dr. Masatsugu Wada visited our office.

patient that the diarrhea has stopped. He did not

I thought he was a godsend; I explained to him my

have diarrhea the next day either, but he was given

problem and sought his help as to what I should use

orento (Shokanron) because he complained of

to cure my coughing. Dr. Wada took my pulse for a

stomach pain and loss of appetite. He recovered inwhile and said I should probably take kakkonto

two days.

after all. I was half in doubt of whether kakkonto(149)

would work after more than ten days of developing(memorandum of Kampo therapy), Journal of Kampo

a cold. However, when I took, it worked extremely

Medicine, Vol. 40, No. 5, p. 36, 1993

well, and my coughing suddenly stopped after one

Genpo

Ogata,

Kampo

shinryooboegaki

to two doses.
Ken Fujihira, Kampo rinsho note (chiryohen)

20. Bronchial asthma and coughing
In Shokeiteiijishogen, Nanyo Hara reports of acase where kakkonto improved asthma in a person(Kampo clinical notes (therapy edition)),p. 87, Sogensha, 1988

with extreme stiffness in the shoulders and back.8)
Such cases are thought to be highly rare in reality,
but the possibility is not unlikely. There have also
been reports related to coughing.

22. Meningitis and tetanus
There are various types of meningitis, andbacterial meningitis and aseptic meningitis, forexample, differ in their symptoms and prognosis, but

Case 1: Wheezing and coughing

fundamentally, they are commonly characterized by

Patient: 53-year-old female

meningeal symptoms such as a fever, headache,First visit: October 1952. The patient came down

vomiting and stiffness in the nape. Because thesewith a slight cold around five days ago. At the same

symptoms resemble the indications for kakkonto

time, she developed severe wheezing accompaniedthat are written in the Shokanron early yang disease

by coughing and received an injection of ephedrine

edition, kakkonto has come to be applied to theand other substances, but said its effect did not lastinitial stage of meningitis.

long. No fever. A clearly solid build. Pulse trended

In Sokeiteiijishogen, Nanyo Hara writes about his

toward floating and was almost tense and slightly

experience in treating a tetanus-like disorder with

rapid. The tongue was dry and absent of any coating.
excess of the early yang pattern, or a kakkonto

kakkonto.9) It was based on the following passage
contained in the Chinese classic text of Shokanron
and Kinkiyoryaku (Treatise on Cold Damage andpattern.

symptoms

Prescriptions from the Golden Cabinet): “For taiyng

considerably, and the patient was cured without

disease manifesting with an absence of sweating but

taking all seven doses as prescribed. Thereafter, forwith scant urine, qi surging upward in the chest,

30 years to today, she has not seen a recurrence.

clenched jaw, and appearing on the verge of hard

The nape and back were stiff. These indicated an
One

dose

improved

theShigenari Ogura, Journal of Kampo Medicine, Vol. 3,

tetany; kakkonto is indicated.”

No. 1, p. 23, 1956

Case 1: Aseptic meningitis
Case 2: Coughing

Patient: 37-year-old male, taxi driver

Around 12 to 13 years ago, I caught a cold, which

Chief complaint: Headache, fever

worsened to the point that severe coughing

History of present illness: In the morning of Octobercontinued for as many as ten days. I tried various

29, 1983, the patient felt a chill while driving his taxi,

remedies, but none seemed to work. I was quite atand in the afternoon, he developed a pulsatile

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The Journal of Kampo, Acupuncture and Integrative Medicine (KAIM)

Volume 9, Number 4 | Winter 2014

headache in the left temporo-parietal area. The feverand neutrophils in the cerebrospinal fluid had

was minor, and the patient had no vomiting,increased considerably. The antibiotic was continued

coughing, sore throat or other such symptoms. The

even after the patient transferred departments. On

headache gradually intensified, so he visited ourNovember 10, Voltaren suppository (50mg) wasneurosurgery department on October 31. He wasadministered twice a day as an antipyretic analgesic.

diagnosed with cluster headache and given an

Voltaren is effective against headaches and lumbago,

analgesic. He went home, but the headache kept

but it was inadequate against fevers, and metilon

getting worse, and it got to the point where heintramuscular injection needed to be added.

developed a dizziness on November 1. On November

Masaaki Itasawa, kakkonto usage experience for4, the headache became intolerable and his

aseptic

temperature rose to 39°C, so he was admitted to our

examination), Vol. 4, No. 5, p. 26

meningitis,

Kampo

shinryo(Kamponeurosurgery department on a stretcher. In a lumbar
puncture performed on the next day, an increase in23.

the number of lymphocyte-predominant cells wascirrhosis

Gynecomastia

pain

accompanying

liver

confirmed. After hospitalization, the headache

In recent years, kakkonto is being experimentallyabated somewhat but increased considerably atused against the pain of gynecomastia that occurs innight, and he tended to lack sleep also because of a

relation to liver cirrhosis.

lower back pain that newly emerged. On November

Motoo et al. administered Tsumura kakkonto

7, his hearing decreased in his left hear. On

extract granules 7.5g/day against gynecomastia in

November 9, he was transferred to Internal

three patients in the compensatory period of liver

Medicine Department 1 in our clinic for medical

cirrhosis, andtreatment.

disappeared in all three patients. No significant

Conditions at the time of transfer / Progress:changes were observed in blood hormone levels

Temperature 37.2°C. No abnormality found by

before and after taking kakkonto, no shrinkage ofstethoscopy and tapping. Stiffness in nape (+).

mammary tissue was confirmed in a mammogram,

Kernig sign (-). Nystagmus in right gaze (+). Rinne

and the induration that was confirmed bytest (+) in right ear, Weber test showed lateralization

palpation had shrunk.10)

to the right. Normal tendon reflex, pathologicalAt present, only Motoo’s three cases have beenreflex (-). Aggravation of muscle tone in lower

reported to date, but it is said that additional tests

extremities.

have been performed. This shall be discussed in the

Examination findings: RBC 451 × 104; WBC 8,800;

Appendix.

reportthat

thebreast pain

Stab cells 14%; Segmented cells 66%; Monocytes 7%;
Lymphocytes

13%;

Blood

sedimentation

rate

Case 1: Gynecomastia pain

82mm/1 hour, 110mm/2 hours; CRP3 (+); α2-globulin

Patient: 45-year-old male. Compensatory period of

16.6%.

liver cirrhosis. No stiffness in nape and shoulders, no

Lumbar puncture findings: Pressure 180mm; Cell

natural sweating. Tense pulse and tongue slightly

count 864/3 (neutrophils 56, lymphocytes 748, large

covered with a white coating. Kakkonto wasmononucleosis 60); Protein 77.5 mg/dl; Sugar 54.4

administered in the first week after the patient

mg/dl.

developed gynecomastia. The pain subsided on the

The patient’s progress was as shown in Fig. 1.

third day and completely disappeared within the

Neurosurgery used an antibiotic and a γ-globulin

first week. Kakkonto was continued thereafter, but

preparation because there was strong inflammation

no recurrence was observed.

The Journal of Kampo, Acupuncture and Integrative Medicine (KAIM)

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Volume 9, Number 4 | Winter 2014

Yoshiharu Motoo et al., Significance of kakkonto

stiffness in her shoulders and neck. The patient was

liver

subjectively aware of the stiffness and said it wascirrhosis, Science of Kampo Medicine, Vol. 20, No. 2, pp.

painful. She also coughed and produced some15-17, 1996

phlegm. Her pulse was weak, and her blood pressure

againstgynecomastia

pain

accompanying

was around 120/80 mmHg.
The patient was given kakkonto to alleviate the24. Myasthenia gravis
A number of cases has been reported to date thatstiffness in her shoulders and back. The hospital’s

claim the efficacy of kakkonto against myasthenia

medication of Mytelase was also used in combination.

gravis.

During her visit a month later, she said her condition

hochuekkito

similarhad always worsened in the late afternoon.

prescriptions have been used for this disease. There

Previously, when she took a tablet of Mytelase in theare various views concerning how to interpret thislater afternoon, her drooping eyelids improved anddisease, and it cannot be simply attributed to theallowed to her to open her eyes wide, but her hands

lack of qi. However, while there is no denying theand legs remained weak. After taking kakkonto,

involvement of wind and dampness from the

however, she gained strength in her hands and legs

perspective of muscle paralysis, the loss of qi in theand she became able to get up freely on her own. Her

middle yang muscles is certainly a major factor.

appetite improved, and when she slept well, she

Conventionally,

andKakkonto is thought to produce an effect by

could also talk well. Her grip also improved. Thiswas because Mao (ephedra) had been increased to 4g.

addressing this condition.
Matsumoto recommends Hochuekkito combined

The patient did not come in for an examination for awith kakkonto for myasthenia gravis of the ocularwhile and simply took her medication at home,muscles.11)

because she felt well.
On January 6, 1968, she made a visit after 10

Case 1months of taking kakkonto, bringing with her her

Patient: 42-year-old female

child who had pediatric asthma. She looked so

First visit: April 1967

healthy, it was almost difficult to recognize her. She

The patient was extremely thin and lacked energy.

said she gained 4kg. She still takes a tablet of

Her face was completely devoid of expression. Three

Mytelase in the late afternoon, but where before

years ago, she came to have trouble moving her eyes,

taking kakkonto she had to support her chin withshe began to see double, her eyelids drooped, and she

her hand when drinking something and could not

choked when swallowing something. Air also leaked

take the lid off of a pot because her grip was weak,out from her nose and she could not talk. Moreover,

she has improved so much that she is now able toher hands and legs went slack so that she had

fully do the housework and even wash clothes.

difficulty walking, could not hold things in her hand

Domei Yakazu, The Journal of Traditional Sino-because her grip had weakened, and fell over fromJapanese Medicine, Vol. 7, No. 1, Special issue on

fatigue even when sitting.

“Kampo therapy for intractable diseases,” p. 130, 1986

She was diagnosed with myasthenia gravis at T
University Hospital and was recommended to have

25. Narcolepsy, post-psychotic depression (PPD), etc.

surgery of the thymus at K University Hospital. She

Kakkonto sometimes has the effect of improving

underwent the surgery but did not get better at all.

certain psychiatric symptoms such as “a fuzzy

She also received acupuncture therapy, but the effectsensation in the head” and lack of motivation.

was not apparent. An examination found severe

Focusing on this, Takahara used kakkonto on

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The Journal of Kampo, Acupuncture and Integrative Medicine (KAIM)

Volume 9, Number 4 | Winter 2014

various mental disorders such as narcolepsy andthey decided to come to our clinic on the following

PPD and reports many cases in which kakkonto wasday.

effective.12) 13)

We do not perform polygraph tests at our clinic, but
we did perform a CT scan just in case. The result

Case 3: Narcolepsy

showed no abnormality, but judging from her

Patient: 1st year high school student, female

medical history, narcolepsy was suspected, so weHistory of present illness: In early November of theasked the patient about her condition in detail.

patient’s third year in junior high school, theAs expected, the following symptoms came to light.

patient had episodes such as when changing her

That is, the patient was suddenly hit by an

clothes for gym class when it was cold or before

intolerable

taking a test, where her entire body became slack

followed by a weakening of her entire bodyand felt paralyzed and she could not let out any(cataplexy), and at the same time she saw black

voice although she was consciously awake.

dots in front of her eyes (hypnagogic hallucination)

In mid-November, she fell to the floor after feelingand was overcome by a feeling of paralysis. Aftersleepy and lost her strength. She finally came tothat, she cannot recollect anything, as she had

after being shaken and nudged in the shoulders andfallenface. In December, she had cataplexy spells two towitnessed this say she had no convulsive attacks.

three times almost every day. These spells

From the time she was taken to the infirmary, it

continued thereafter

fell

took about 25 minutes for her to completely awaken,

unconscious and did not awaken even when people

become consciously aware of the situation andtried to shake her awake. She was rushed to thestand up. There were times when she came to in as

pediatric department of a public hospital in an

short as 5 or 10 minutes.

ambulance. On this occasion, she eventually came

Judging by her clinical symptoms, she wasto on her own in around 10 minutes and became

diagnosed

conscious of her surroundings, but her head felt

administered kakkonto extract granules 6g/day

fuzzy. She received an examination but neither

regardless of her “pattern” as defined by Kampo. On

electroencephalography nor CT scan found any

the day after her first visit, she suddenly felt her

abnormality. After this, there were three times

entire body weaken after gym class and sank to thewhen the patient developed a headache and felt sick,floor in a sitting position, but it was a light spell andrested a while in the infirmary and left school early.

she was able to respond when spoken to. Within the

Soon after beginning high school, the patient began

week of beginning the kakkonto medication, she

to get sleepy spells two to three times a day. This

began to feel more refreshed and gained confidence.

occurred six to seven times. In Mid-April, when

In September, she quit taking the kakkonto extract

running a marathon at school, her legs suddenly

granules.

felt heavy and she gradually became so sleepy thathypnagogic hallucination and sleep paralysis andshe lost consciousness and fell to the ground. Oneven became unconscious, but she came to in two tothis occasion, she was accompanied by her motherthree minutes, and did not trouble anyone. She

to the gynecology department of a different public

therefore resumed her medication, and by Octoberhospital, but she was told there was no abnormality,(five months after her first visit), she became

gynecology-wise. The mother and patient were nothealthy enough to take part in study presentations

convinced and gradually became so worried that

and

until

one

day

she

feeling

asleepsportsofsleepiness(sleep

with

Twice

day

paralysis).

typicalsheat(narcolepsy),

Peoplenarcolepsy,

experienced

schoolwithout

and

who

was

cataplexy,suffering

narcolepsy.

The Journal of Kampo, Acupuncture and Integrative Medicine (KAIM)

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Volume 9, Number 4 | Winter 2014

According to her mother, the patient continued her

27. Stress urinary incontinence

studies in good health thereafter and went on to

Shin et al. continuously administered kakkonto

university. I learned then that the patient’s

7.5g/day (to be taken in three portions) to 12 womengrandfather had this type of disease.

(average age 58.6) who complained of stress urinary

Akira Takahara, Psychiatric efficacy of kakkonto,

Oriental Medicine, Vol. 23, No. 1, 1995

incontinence after menopause, and report that theincontinence stopped after around two weeks in 11of the 12 women. Detailed questions to the women
revealed

26. Enuresis
In a round-table discussion in the Journal of

that

their

incontinence

disappeared

immediately after taking kakkonto.15)

Kampo Medicine Vol. 4 No. 4, Tokuji Yoshimura
reports that kakkonto is effective against enuresis

References

based on his experience in administering kakkonto

1)

Kobe Chuigaku Kenkyukai: Kampo shohou

to children whose enuresis is aggravated when theykaisetsu

catch a cold and successfully relieving both their coldprescriptions), p. 337, Ishiyaku Publishing,and enuresis.14) This was also verified in a follow-up

1982.

test performed by Yakazu et al. In his report,

2)

Keisetsu(interpretations

Otsuka,Domei

ofYakazu,Kampo

TotaroShimizu: Kampo shinryo iten (dictionary of

Yoshimura also notes that Maoto is just as effective.

Kampo medicine), p. 270, Nanzando, 1969.
Case 1: Enuresis

3)

Hideo Asagiri: Experience in kakkonto usage

Patient: 12-year-old girl. She had asthma since shefor postpartum milk secretion, Kampo shinryo

was small, and tended to have allergies. She no(Kampo examination)、Vol. 7, No. 2, pp. 47-79,

experienced asthma attacks, but she was told she

1988.

has allergic rhinitis, and had a tendency to sneeze.

4)

Shogo Ishino et al.: Effects of kakkonto on milk

Her mother said the girl began to wet her bed sincesecretion, Journal of Kampo Medicine, Vol. 43,

two years ago. To prevent this, the mother would try

No. 1, pp. 26-32, 1996.

to wake her up to go to the bathroom, but she would

5)

Keisetsu

Otsuka,Domei

Yakazu,Totaroremain half asleep and would not wake up. She

Shimizu: Kampo shinryo iten (dictionary oftended to urinate frequently also during the daytime

Kampo medicine), p. 271, Nanzando, 1969.

and would to go the bathroom almost every two

6)

Yoshiaki Sato et al.: Efficacy of administering

hours. She had severe stiffness in her shoulders andkakkonto for milk stagnation mastitis and thenape.

transfer of its components to breastmilk,

Focusing on the fact that the patient had stiff

kakkonto extract powder 1.5g two times. After a

Recent Progress of Kampo Medicine in
Obstetrics and Gynecology, No. 1, p. 77, 1984.
Shiro Hosono, Kakkonto Kampo igaku jikkou(Kakkonto—Lectures on Kampo medicine), pp.

month, she became much better, and was able to go

32-91, Sogensha, 1982.

shoulders and nape and would not fully wake upeven when her mother tried to wake her, I gave her

7)

to the bathroom alone. She thus no longer wets her

8)

Nanyo Hara: Sokeiteiijishogen

bed. Her shoulders, however, still remain stiff.

9)

Nanyo Hara: Sokeiteiijishogen

Domei Yakazu, Kampo chiryo hyakuwa (hundred

10) Yoshiharu

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