SC/62/O3

Cruise Report of the Japanese Whale Research Program
under Special Permit in the Antarctic-Second Phase (JARPA
II) in 2009/2010
NISHIWAKI, S.1), OGAWA T.2), BANDO, T.1), ISODA, T.1), WADA, A.1), KUMAGAI, S.1), YOSHIDA T.1), NAKAI, K.1) ,KOBAYASHI, T.1) , KOINUMA, A.1), MORI, M.2), YOSHIMURA, I.2), OHSHIMA, T.2), TAKAMATSU, T.2), KONAGAI, S.2), AKI,M.2), AND TAMURA, T.1)
1) The Institute of Cetacean Research, 4-5 Toyomi-cho, Chuo-ku, Tokyo 104-0055, Japan.
2) Kyodo Senpaku Co. Ltd., 4-5 Toyomi-cho, Chuo-ku, Tokyo 104-0055, Japan.
Contact e-mail:nisiwaki@cetacean.jp

ABSTRACTThe third full-scale research plan of the Japanese Whale Research Program under the Special Permit in the
Antarctic-Second Phase (JARPA II) was conducted during the 2009/10 austral summer season. Two dedicatedsighting vessels (SVs), two sighting and sampling vessels (SSVs) and one research base ship were engaged in
the research for 97 days from 14 December 2009 to 20 March 2010 in Areas III East (35°E - 70°E), IV (70°E 130°E), V West (130°E - 165°E) and part of Area V East (165°E - 175°E). The total searching distance was8,232.0 n.miles. The research activities were interrupted several times by violent actions of an anti-whaling
group over 31 days. Eleven species including six baleen whales (Antarctic minke, blue, fin, sei, humpback andsouthern right whale) and two toothed whales (sperm and southern bottlenose were identified during the
research period. A total of 986 groups (2,242 animals) of Antarctic minke whales were sighted. It was thedominant species in the research area followed by the humpback whales (603 groups, 1,187 animals), fin
whales (56 groups, 186 animals). The number of sightings of the Antarctic minke whales was about 1.9 times
higher than that of humpback whales and was considerably higher than those of other species. A total of 506
Antarctic minke whales and one fin whale were sampled. All whales sampled were examined on board theresearch base vessel. Photo-id experiments were conducted on blue, humpback and southern right whales and a
total of 8 blue, 110 humpback and two southern right whales was photographed. A total of 86 skin biopsy
samples were collected from fin (1), humpbacks (84) and southern right whale (1). Oceanographic surveys toinvestigate vertical sea temperature profiles were conducted at 57 points using TDR. The main results of thissurvey were as follows: 1) whale composition in the research area was stable compared to previous JARPA II
surveys in this area; 2) the ice-free extent of the research area was substantially larger than in past seasons.
High density areas of Antarctic minke whales were observed near the continental shelf; 3) mature females ofAntarctic minke whale were dominant in Prydz Bay; 4) humpback whales were widely distributed in the
research area and its density index was higher than that of the Antarctic minke whales in Areas IV West and V
East. The 1994/95 IWC/SOWER cruise was conducted in similar areas and periods as in the present survey. In
1994/95 Antarctic minke whales were the most dominant species followed by southern bottlenose whales.
These species were widely distributed in the research area. The number of sightings of Antarctic minke whales
in 1994/95 was about 5 times higher than that of humpback whales. Comparison of whale between these twosurveys suggests that humpback whales were increasing and expanding in the research area.
KEYWORDS: ANTARCTIC MINKE WHALE; FIN WHALE; HUMPBACK WHALE; SCIENTIFIC PERMITSBACKGROUND
The Japanese Whale Research Program under Special Permit in the Antarctic (JARPA) was conducted between 1987/88
and 2004/05 austral summer seasons, under Article VIII of the International Convention for the Regulation of Whaling.
JARPA provided a wide variety of information on biological parameters of Antarctic minke whale (Balaenoptera
bonaerensis) such as the natural mortality coefficient and changes over time in the age at maturity as well as narrowing
down the parameters of relevance for stock management (IWC, 1998, Anonymous, 2005). JARPA also elucidated that1

there were at least two stocks of Antarctic minke whales in the research area but their geographical boundaries weredifferent from those used for the IWC Areas (Pastene, 2006). Also JARPA found that pollutant concentration in whale’s
tissues, such as heavy metals and PCBs, was extremely low (Yasunaga et al, 2006). Further, JARPA showed an annual
decreasing trend in energy storage in the 18 year period of JARPA (Konishi et al., 2008). JARPA has thus successfully
obtained data related to the initially proposed objectives (IWC, 2008).
Based on these considerations, the Government of Japan launched a new comprehensive study under the Second Phaseof the Japanese Whale Research Program under Special Permit in the Antarctic (JARPA II), combining lethal and nonlethal methods, starting from the 2005/2006 austral summer season. The full-scale JARPAII started from the 2007/08
season. JARPA II is a long-term research program with the following objectives: 1) Monitoring of the Antarctic
ecosystem, 2) Modeling interaction among whale species and developing future management objectives, 3) Elucidationof temporal and spatial changes in stock structure and 4) Improving the management procedure for the Antarctic minke
whale stocks. JARPA II focuses on Antarctic minke whale, humpback whale (Megaptera novaeangliae), fin whale (B.
physalus) and possibly other species in the Antarctic ecosystem that are major predators of Antarctic krill.
The present paper reports the third full scale survey of the JARPA II conducted during the austral summer season
2009/10.

MATERIALS AND METHODS
Research vessels
The research fleet was composed of two dedicated sighting vessels, two sighting and sampling vessels and one researchbase vessel. The following vessels were used.
Research base vessel
Nisshin-Maru (NM; 8,044 tons)
Dedicated sighting vessels (SVs)
Shonan-Maru No.2 (SM2; 712 tons)
Yushin-Maru No.3 (YS3; 742 tons)
Sighting and sampling vessels (SSVs)
Yushin-Maru (YS1; 720 tons)
Yushin-Maru No.2 (YS2; 747 tons)
Two SVs were engaged in sighting and oceanographic surveys and most of the experiments. Two SSVs were engaged
in sighting and sampling surveys and some of the experiments. NM served as a research base on which all biologicalexaminations of sampled whales were conducted.
Research area and ice edge
The area covered by JARPA II is basically the same as in JARPA; the eastern part of Area III, Areas IV and V, and thewestern part of Area VI. The total area extents from 35°E to 145°W, south of 60°S. In this season, JARPA II surveyed
the eastern part of Area III, Area IV and western part of Area V (35°E - 175°E). Figure 1 shows the geographic locationof the research area for the 2009/2010 JARPA II survey. For this survey, our best estimate of the position of the iceedge was based on our visual and radar observations of the ice edge as well as satellite predictions. In this season, theice-free extent of the research area including the Prydz Bay was substantially larger than previous surveys.
Survey track design
The survey track line for the SVs and the SSVs consisted of a zigzag course changing direction at 1°40’ longitudinal
degree intervals. For SSVs, two parallel track lines were set at 7n.miles apart. However, in this season, due to theinterference of an anti-whaling group the SVs and SSVs could not carry out the research in the planed track line in Area
III East (35°E - 70°E), a part of Area IV (90°E - 130°E) and a part of Area V West (130°E - 132°E).
Sighting methods
Sighting procedures were the same as in the previous JARPA surveys (Nishiwaki et al. 1999, Ishikawa et al. 2000). The
sighting surveys by SSVs were conducted under limited closing mode (when a sighting of Antarctic minke and fin
whales were made on the predetermined track line, the vessel approached the whales and confirmed species and schoolsize). Two SSVs advanced along parallel track lines 7n.miles apart, at a standard speed of 11.5 knots. The sighting
2

surveys by SVs were conducted under limited closing mode and passing mode (even if sighting was made on thepredetermined track line, the vessel did not approach the whales directly and searching from the barrel was
uninterrupted) at a standard speed of 10.5 knots. The survey was operated under optimal research conditions (i.e., thewind speed below 25 knot in the south strata and 20 knot in the north strata, and visibility of more than 1.5 n.miles). In
addition to the sighting of Antarctic minke and fin whales, the SVs approached blue (B. musculus), humpback, southern
right (Eubalaena australis), pigmy right (Caperea marginata), sei (B.borealis), sperm (Physeter macrocehpalus) andsouthern bottlenose (Hyperoodon planifrons) whales for conducting some experiments. The SSVs also approached thesame whale species for experiments while they engaged in sighting survey.
Sampling methods
Two SSVs were engaged in sampling survey. Sampling of 850 Antarctic minke whales (with 10 % of allowance) and
50 fin whales was planned in the research area south of 62°S. One to two Antarctic minke whales were sampled
randomly from each primary sighted school within 3n.miles of the track line. Dwarf minke whales were not a target for
sampling. Sampling of fin whales was restricted to those animals with an estimated body length less than 18m due tologistic limitations at the NM. Only one fin whale was planed to be sampled from each primary sighted school within
3n.miles of the track line. If two or more animals smaller than 18m were found in a school, then only one of them was
randomly selected and sampled. An explosive harpoon was used as the primary killing method for all whales collected.
When the animal was not killed instantaneously, a large caliber rifle and/or the second harpoon was used immediately
as the secondary killing method.
Low and middle latitudinal sighting survey
During transit, sighting surveys were conducted in the area between 30°S and 60°S except for the areas within national
EEZs. The results of these surveys are not shown in this report.
Biological research
Most of the biological research methods used in this JARPA II survey were developed and improved during the JARPA
18 year research period. Biological research including scaling body weight on all sampled whales was conducted on the
NM.
Experiments
Sighting distance and angle experimentThis experiment was conducted in order to evaluate the accuracy of the information on sighting distance and sighting
angle given by observers of the SVs and SSVs.
Photo-identification experiment
The following species were targeted for photographic record of natural markings by SVs and SSVs: blue, humpbackand southern right whales.
Biopsy sampling
In addition to the species targeted for photo-identification experiment, pygmy right, fin, sei, sperm and southernbottlenose whales were targeted for biopsy skin sampling by the SVs and SSVs using compound-crossbows. All
collected sample were preserved at –80°C.

Vomiting and feacal observation
The SVs and SSVs were engaged in observations of vomits and feaces of sighted whales.
Oceanographic survey
Two SVs conducted the following oceanographic survey; 1) consecutive measuring of vertical water temperature
profile by TDR, and 2) marine debris recording in the research area.

3

RESULTS AND DISCUSSIONS
Outline of the cruise
SVs departed Shiogama and Shimonoseki (Japan) on 19 November and started Antarctic sighting survey in the researcharea on 14 December. SSVs and NM departed from Shimonoseki and Innoshima, respectively on 19 November andstarted Antarctic sighting and sampling surveys in the research area on 14 December. The Antarctic research period of
this cruise was 97 days from 14 December 2009 to 20 March 2010. The research activity was interrupted for 31 days
due to violent interferences by the Sea Shepherd group. Due to this interference SSVs cancelled the research in thenorthern part of the research area, Area IV east, a part of Area IV west, Area V west. SV (SM2) arrived at Tokyo on 12
March and SV (YS3) arrived at Shimonoseki on 27 March. SSVs (YS and YS2) arrived at Shimonoseki on 11 April.
NM arrived at Tokyo on 12 April.
Sighting survey and whale species sighted
The total searching distances was 8,232.0n.miles consisting of 4,620.8 n.miles for the two SVs and 3,611.3 n.miles forthe two SSVs. Eleven species including six baleen whales and five toothed whales were identified during the research
period. The following six species of baleen whales were confirmed: Antarctic minke, blue, fin, sei, humpback andsouthern right whales, and two toothed whale species were confirmed; sperm and southern bottlenose.
Table 1 shows the number of sightings during the survey and Figure 2 shows the sighting position of Antarctic minke
and humpback whales. The number of sightings of Antarctic minke whales (986 schools and 2,242 individuals in total)
was about 1.9 times higher than that of humpback whales (603 schools and 1,187 individuals) and was considerably
higher than those of other species. Both Antarctic minke whale and humpback whales were widely distributed in theentire research area, but density was different among strata.
The 1994/95 IWC/SOWER cruise (Ensor et al. 1995) was conducted in similar areas and period as in the present survey.
This fact provides a good opportunity to compare the whale composition in the area in two different seasons. In 1994/95
season Antarctic minke whales were the most frequent species encountered in the research area followed by the.
southern bottlenose whales. Humpback whales were also common in the research area. The number of sightings ofAntarctic minke whales (291 schools and 508 individuals) was about 5.0 times higher than that of humpback whales (46schools and 100 individuals). This comparison suggests that humpback whales were increasing and expanding in the
research area.
Table 2 shows the density indices (D.I., the number of primary sighted schools per 100 n. miles) and mean school size
(M.S.S.) of Antarctic minke, humpback and fin whales for the SVs. The D.I. of Antarctic minke whale was higher in thesouthern strata excluding the case of Area V East, and the highest index was in the southern strata of Area V West.
However the D.I. in the Prydz Bay was relatively low. The density of humpback whale was higher than that of Antarctic
minke whale in the southern strata of Area IV West and southern strata of Area V East. The D.I. for humpback whale insouthern strata of Area V East was 10.3 times higher than that for Antarctic minke whale.
Figure 3 shows the sighting position of other large baleen whales. The sightings of blue whales and fin whales wereconcentrated in Area III East and Area IV West.
Sampling for Antarctic minke and fin whales
Out of 511 schools (1,032 individuals) in the primary sightings of Antarctic minke whales by two SSVs, 476 schools(967 individuals) were targeted for sampling. A total of 506 individuals were sampled (246 from Area III East, 49 from
Area IV West, 53 from Prydz Bay and 158 from Area V West). Sampling efficiency (the rate of successful sampling fortargeted individuals) was 92.9 % for the first targeted individual from schools with single individual and 97.9 % for the
first targeted individual from schools with more than one individual. One struck and lost case occurred.
SSVs made only fifteen primary sightings of fin whales. Sampling for these whales was not conducted due toinappropriate sea condition for safe transferring and flensing and/or practical reasons. As a result, only one individual
was sampled.
Biological research
Biological research was conducted on the research base vessel for all whales sampled. Table 3 summarizes biological
data and samples collected from the Antarctic minke and fin whales.
Biological information of sampled whales
Table 4 shows the reproductive status of sampled Antarctic minke whales by stratum. Figures 4-1, 4-2 and 4-3 show
distribution of sighting position of sampled Antarctic minke whales by sex and sexually mature status. Mature females
were dominant in the Areas III East and Prydz Bay strata, whereas mature males were dominant in the Areas IV Westand V West. Pregnancy rate in mature females was 92.5 % (184 individuals) in the entire research area. Two cases oftwins were observed. Ten lactating females were sampled, though neither suckling calf was sampled nor observed.
4

Figure 5 shows body length distribution of Antarctic minke whales sampled during this survey. Maximum length of
the sample was 10.66 m for females and 9.33 m for males. Minimum length was 5.16 m and 5.24 m for female andmale, respectively. Maximum body length of immature animals was 8.62 m and 8.26 m for female and male, whereas
minimum body length of mature animals was 7.55 m and 7.19 m for female and male, respectively.
Experiments
Photo-ID and biopsy sampling
Table 5 summarizes the results of the photo-identification experiment. A total of 8 blue, 110 humpback and two
southern right whales was photographed. Table 6 summarizes results of biopsy sampling. A total of 86 biopsy samples
were collected from fin, humpback and southern right whales.
Vomiting and feacal observation
Table 7 summarizes the results of the vomiting and faecal observations. A total of 6 faecal observations was recorded
Oceanographic survey
SVs conducted the oceanographic survey to get the vertical water temperature profile in 57 points using TDR. Figure 6
shows an overview of the oceanographic survey in the research area. The marine debris survey was carried out
concomitant with the sighting survey of the two SVs in the research area. A total of 9 debris items was recorded which
consisted of 7 buoys or floats, one drum can and one pet bottle.
Sighting distance and angle experiment
A sighting distance and angle experiment was performed on 5 January 2010 by three SSVs and on 26 and 31 January2010 by YS3 and SM2, respectively. The results of this experiment will be used in calculation of abundance estimates.
By-products from the research
All sampled whales were processed on NM after biological examination, according to the provisions of Article VIII of
the Convention. A total of 2,045.6 tons of meat, blubber, viscera, etc. was produced.

ACKNOWLEDGMENTS
We are greatly indebted to Mr. Joji Morishita and Shigeki Takaya of the Fisheries Agency of Japan, Prof. Hidehiro
Kato, Tokyo University of Marine Science and Technology, Mr. Minoru Morimoto, Director-General of the ICR, andDr. Hiroshi Hatanaka, Dr. Seiji Ohsumi, Dr. Yoshihiro Fujise, Dr. L.A. Pastene, of the ICR for their guidance in thedesign and implementation of the research. We thank research technicians, Messrs. Tatsuo Sasaki, Kouji Aonahata,
Tomonori Yamashita, and Hiroshi Ichijo of Kyodo Senpaku Kaisya Ltd. for their contribution. Mr. Kenji Takeuchi of
the Government of Japan, served as onboard inspector. We are also indebted to all the Captains, their officers and crew
as well as to colleagues of the ICR and other institutions who participated in the research for their contributions. Finally,
we are very grateful to Dan Goodman for his English advice.
REFERENCES
Anon. 2005. Report of the Review Meeting of the Japanese Whale Research Program under Special Permit in the
Antarctic (JARPA) called by the Government of Japan, Tokyo, 18-20 January 2005. 24pp.
Government of Japan. 2005. Plan for the Second Phase of the Japanese Whale Research Program under Special Permit
in the Antarctic (JARPA II) -Monitoring of the Antarctic Ecosystem and Development of New Management
Objectives for Whale Resources. Paper SC/57/O1 presented to the IWC Scientific Committee, Jun 2005 (unpublished).
99pp. [Available from the Office of this Journal].
Ishikawa, H., Goto, M., Ogawa, T., Bando, T., Kiwada, H., Isoda, T., Kumagai, S., Mori, M., Ohsawa, T., Fukutome,
K., Koyanagi, T., Kandabashi, S., Kawabe, S., Sotomura, N., Matsukura, R., Kato, K., Matsumoto, A., Nakai, K.,
Hasegawa, M., Mori, T., Yoshioka, S. and Yoshida, T., Cruise Report of the Second Phase of the Japanese Whale
Research Program under Special Permit in the Antarctic (JARPA II) in 2007/2008. Paper SC/60/O4 submitted to the
IWC Scientific Committee, 2008 (unpublished). 19pp. [Available from the Office of this Journal].
IWC. 1998. Report of the Intersessional Working Group to Review Data and Results from Special Permit Research on
Minke Whales in the Antarctic, Tokyo, 12-16 may 1997. SC/49/Rep.1. 377-390. Rep. Int. Commn 48, 1998.
5

IWC. 2008. Report of the Internsessional Workshop to Review Data and Results from Special Permit Research on
Minke Whales in the Antarctic, Tokyo 4-8 December 2006. J. Cetacean. Res. Manage. (Suppl.) 10: 411-445.
Matsuoka, K., T. Hakamada, H. Kiwada, H. Murase and S. Nishiwaki. 2006. Distributions and standardized
abundance estimates for humpback, fin and blue whales in the Antarctic Areas IIIE, IV, V and VIW (35oE -145oW),
south of 60oS. IWC paper SC/D06/J7 presented to the IWC workshop on JARPA review. (unpublished). 33pp.
[Available from the Office of this Journal].
Kato, H. 1986. Year to year changes in biological parameters and population dynamics of southern minke whales.
Doctoral Thesis, Hokkaido University. 145pp.
Nishiwaki, S., Ishikawa, H., & Fujise, Y. 2007. Review of general methodology and survey procedure under the
JARPA. IWC Paper SC/D06/J2. [Available from the Office of this Journal].
Pastene, L.A. 2006. What do we know about the stock structure of the Antarctic minke whale ? A summary of studies
and hypotheses. Paper SC/D06/J12 presented to the JARPA Review meeting, December 2006. 24pp. [Available fromthe Office of this Journal].
Yasunaga, G., Fujise, Y., Zenitani, R., Honda, K. and Kato, H. 2006. Yearly trend of trace element accumulation inliver of Antarctic minke whales, Balaenoptera bonaerensis. Paper SC/D06/J28 presented to the JARPA Review
meeting, December 2006. 23pp. [Available from the Office of this Journal].

6

Table 1. List of cetacean species and number of sightings (no. schools/no. individuals)
Species

Sch.

Ind.

Blue whale

24

40

Fin whale

56

189

Sei whale

1

2

986

2,242

Antarctic minke whale
Like Antarctic minke whale

46

88

Humpback whale

603

1,187

Southern right whale

22

Unidentified baleen whales

87

189

Sperm whale

127

130

Southern bottlenose whale

30

48

Table 2. The Density indices (DI, number of schools per 100 n.miles) and mean school size (MSS) of Antarctic
minke, fin and humpback whales by SV during 2009/10 JARPA II.

Area Sector

III

IV

East
West

StratumV
East

Antarctic minke
D.I.

M.S.S

North

654.21

16.7

2.2

South

1,202.81

37.2

South

874.2924.2

Prydz BayWest

Effort[n.miles]Humpback
D.I.

Fin

M.S.S

D.I.

M.S.S

4.7

1.6

0.3

2.0

2.6

5.2

2.1

2.6

3.9

2.9

25.0

2.1

3.9

2.8

802.26

15.3

1.7

11.6

1.9

0.6

1.7

North

227.75

5.7

6.5

5.3

1.7

0.0

-

South

430.47

37.4

3.6

13.7

1.6

0.0

-

North

289.39

3.8

1.0

2.8

1.1

0.0

-

South

139.50

0.7

1.0

7.2

1.4

0.0

-

7

Table 3. Summary of research items conducted for sampled Antarctic minke and fin whales.

Samples and data
Photographic record of external character
Body length and sex identification
Measurement of external body proportion
Body weight
Body weight by total weight of parts
Skull measurement (length and breadth)Standard measurement of blubber thickness (two points)
Detailed measurement of blubber thickness (fourteen points)
Lactation status
Measurement of mammary gland
Measurement of uterin horn
Testis weight
Epididymis weight
Weight of stomach content
Photographic record of fetus
Fetal length and weight
External measurements of fetus
Fetal ocular lens for age determination
Fetal skin for genetic study
Number of ribs
Number of vertebra
Diatom film observation
Diatom film sample
Blood plasma for physiological study
Earplug for age determination
Ocular lens for age determination
Tympanic bone for chemical analysis
Largest baleen plate for chemical analysis
Vertebral epiphyses sample
Ovary sample
Histological sample of endometrium
Histological sample of mammary gland
Milk sample for chemical analysis
Histological sample of testis
Histological sample of epididymis
Skin and liver tissues for genetic study
Blubber, muscle and liver tissues for environmental monitoring
Lung and liver tissue for air monitoring
Macro pathological observation (thyroid, lung and liver)
Tissues for histopathological study
Muscle, liver, kidney, lumbar and blubber tissues for lipid analysis
Muscle and blubber tissues for various analysis
Muscle liver and blubber tissues for chemical analysis
Stomach contents for food and feeding study
Stomach contents for environmental monitoring
Stomach contents for lipid analysis
External parasites
Internal parasites
Stomach contents for DNA study
Gut contents for food and feeding study
Fundus for food and feeding study
Tissue samples for constraction of monitoring system of infectious disease
Tissues for functional food study
Uterus and placenta tissues for histological study
Fetal sample for clarification of hind-limb dissapearance mechanism* : including foetus of sex unidentified.

8

Antarctic minke
M
F
Total
237
267
504
237
269
506
237
269
506
237
269
506
2
1
3
233
264
497
237
269
506
0
0
0
269
269
269
269
237
237
237
269
506
83
91
186*
83
91
186*
9
8
17
83
91
182*
237
269
506
215
239
454
236
269
505
237
269
506
30
18
48
237
269
506
208
230
438
269
269
17
17
269
269
0
0
237
237
237
269
506
237
269
506
19
20
39
237
269
506
12
6
18
3
3
6
25
31
56
8
13
21
4
6
10
3
2
5
2
5
7
9
12
21
1
1
2
198
221
419
3
2
5
5
5
4*

Fin
F

M
1
1
1
0
1
1
0
1
1
1
1
0
0
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
0
0
1
0
1
1
1
1
-

Total
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
-

1
1
1
0
1
1
0
1
0
0
0
1
1
1
0
0
0
0
0
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
0
0
0
0
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
0
0
1
0
1
1
1
1
-

Table 4. Reproductive status of Antarctic minke whales sampled in 2009/10 JARPAII. Maturity of males wastentatively defined by testis weight according to Kato (1986). "Resting" represents non-pregnant mature
female without corpus luteum.
Male
Area Sector

III

IV

East
South
west
Prydz

V

West

Combined

FemaleMatureImmature Mature Total Immature
21
8.5%
7
14.3%
0
0.0%
17
10.8%
45
8.9%

81
32.9%
23
46.9%
10
18.9%
78
49.4%
192
37.9%

102
41.5%
30
61.2%
10
18.9%
95
60.1%
237
46.8%

No-pregnant
Maturing Lactating Resting
30
6
1
2
12.2%
2.4%
0.4%
0.8%
10
0
0
0
20.4%
0.0%
0.0%
0.0%
4
1
0
3
7.5%
1.9%
0.0%
5.7%
26
0
0
1
16.5%
0.0%
0.0%
0.6%
70
7
1
6
13.8%
1.4%
0.2%
1.2%

Pregnant
Total
Unknown
No-Lactating Lactating
95
9
1
144
39.0%
3.3%
0.4% 58.5%
9
0
0
19
18.4%
0.0%
0.0% 38.8%
34
1
0
43
64.2%
1.9%
0.0% 81.1%
36
0
0
63
22.8%
0.0%
0.0% 39.9%
175
9
1
269
34.6%
1.8%
0.2% 53.2%

Combined
246
49
53
158
506

Table 5. Summary of photo-ID collected during 2009/10 JARPA II

NumberTargeted

Numberofexperiments(A)

individuals(B)ofphotos(C)

Humpback whale

59

110

497

Blue whale

8

8

48

Right whale

2

2

14

Species

Table 6. Summary of biopsy samples collected during 2009/10 JARPA II.

Numberofexperiments

Targeted
individuals

(A)

(B)

NumberofshootsNumberofhits

Numberofsamples

(C)

(D)

(E)

Effort(hr:min)samplepertrialsample
per
hit

(F)

Species

Ship
Type(E)/(C)(E)/(D)Blue whale
Blue whale
Fin whale

SSVs
SVs
SSVs

1
7
4

1
11
17

2
5
7

0
0
1

0
0
1

0:18
3:44
2:05

0.00
0.00
0.14

0.00
0.00
1.00

Fin whale

SVs

1

4

1

0

0

0:35

0.00

0.00

Humpback whale

SSVs

45

27

104

68

63

10:56

0.61

0.93

Humpback whale

SVs

14

95

36

23

21

3:41

0.58

0.91

Right whale

SSVs

1

1

1

1

1

0:03

1.00

1.00

Right whale

SVs

1

1

1

0

0

0:44

0.00

0.00

9

Table 7. Summary of vomiting and fecal observation during 2009/10 JARPA II.

Area

Schoolsize

Body size(m)Distance(miles)

Vomiting or
Fecal

Photo
(Y or N)

Sample(Y or N)Fin whale

III

4

16.0

0.1

Fecal

N

N

Fin whale

III

1

21.0

0.1

Fecal

N

N

Antarctic minke whale

III

4

8.0

0.1

Fecal

N

N

Antarctic minke whale

III

1

8.0

0.2

Fecal

N

N

Humpback whale

III

1

11.2

0.2

Fecal

N

N

Humpback whale

IV

2

12.1

0.1

Fecal

N

N

Species10Fig 1. Map showing this research area and strata. Dark grey part shows the research activity zone by SSVs and SVs.
Light grey shows the research activity zone by SVs.

Fig. 2. Distribution of primary sightings of Antarctic minke (upper) and humpback whales (lower) sighted with thesearching effort by SVs.

Fig. 3. Distribution of primary sightings of other baleen whales sighted with the searching effort by SVs.
11

Fig. 4-1. Distribution of sampled immature of Antarctic minke whales

Fig. 4-2. Distribution of sampled mature male of Antarctic minke whales

Fig. 4-3. Distribution of sampled mature female of Antarctic minke whales (upper: pregnant; lower: non-pregnant)

50

50

Male
40

30

20

Matue
Immature40

Frequency

Frequency

FemaleMatureImmature

10

30

20

10

0
4.0

5.0

6.0

7.0

8.0

9.0

10.0

0

11.0

4.0

Body length (m)

5.0

6.0

7.0

8.0

Body length (m)Fig. 5. Body length distribution of sampled Antarctic minke whales in each sexual maturity.
12

9.0

10.0

11.0

Fig. 6. Geographical locations of TDR conducted by two SVs.

13