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Michibiki makes a big step towards Asia Oceania region with 7 satellites
Feb. 10th, 2021
Japanese government has started preparation of the centimeter class accuracy augmentation
system for Asia Oceania region with 7 satellites (Figure 1). Cabinet Office opened the plan at
the QBIC overseas business development working group meeting held on 4th February 2021. It
also became cleared that the preparation for EWS (Early Warning Service) over the region has
been started. Those are first in the world. Three more satellites, which are to be launched till2023, make service reliable over the Asia Oceania region, while expanding available area
eastward and westward (Figure 2 & 3). Michibiki is expected to contribute greatly to theSDG’s in the region.

November 2018, Centimeter Level Augmentation Service (CLAS) has been started in Japan asdomestic service (Figure 4). After one year, CLAS has penetrated successfully into B2B market
segments such as Survey / Construction / Map / Agriculture, which require high accuracy
positioning. (http://qbic.eiseisokui.or.jp/media/pdf/council/International/3-01.pdf) Meanwhile,for overseas, the L6 test signal using MADOCA (Multi-GNSS Advanced Demonstration tool for
Orbit and Clock Analysis) method for high accuracy augmentation has been provided (Figure 5).
Since 2018, the performance has been evaluated in 6 countries in Asia Oceania. Assessing thesystem performance as practical service, the government decided to go forward. Systeminstallation necessary for the overseas service is to be made by two phases.
nn

Phase 1 (2024〜2027): Practical operation of wide area high accuracy augmentation service+Experimental operation of wide area ionospheric correction service
Ø Wide area high accuracy augmentation service over Asia Oceania is to be provided
using L6E of QZSS 7 satellites.
Ø For around three countries in Asia, wide area ionospheric correction data is to begenerated using each country’s CORS (Continuously Operating Reference Stations)
Network and distributed experimentally for demonstration via L6D of QZS 5-7. By
ionospheric correction, convergence time for precise positioning is expected to beimproved significantly.
Ø Other countries which are not participating are encouraged to make partnershipagreement and to join the demonstration.
Phase 2 (2028〜):Practical operation
Ø Wide area high accuracy augmentation service over Asia Oceania is to be provided
using L6E of QZSS 7 satellites.
Ø As a practical service, wide area ionospheric correction data are to be distributed in
the countries and the region which have partnership agreement with Japan.

Japanese EWS is called Satellite Report for Disaster and Crisis Management (DC Report,shortly) and has been distributed in Japan, using Michibiki L1S Signal.
(https://qzss.go.jp/en/overview/services/sv08_dc-report.html) Towards the service for Asia
Oceania region, the followings are initiated in parallel.
（1／4）
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nEnhancement of system facility to receive the message from the overseas organizations(2020-2023)
n Demonstration and Feasibility Study (2020-2024)
Ø The purpose is to find out the optimum system configuration such as terminals,
receivers, and ground segments for each country through the demonstration.
Ø Australia, Thailand, Fiji and other 6 countries are planned to be invited for thedemonstration.
The service will be ready for 2024-2025. Consensus between countries must be made on therule such as priority of message distribution when multi disasters happen simultaneously.

EU starts Galileo High Accuracy Service (HAS) from 2022+ in the EU+ region, then globally from2024+. Horizontal accuracy is announced to be 20cm. In EU+ region, the convergence time is tobe improved after 2024+. EU plans EWS to be provided globally using Galileo Second Generation(2027〜). On both high accuracy service and EWS, the interoperability coordination betweenQZSS and Galileo has been on going. Furthermore, ICG (International Committee on GNSS) has
already taken an action to start the interoperability discussion, inviting all GNSS providers tojoin. In near future, we can enjoy similar service all over the world.

Satoshi Kogure, National Space Policy Secretariat Cabinet Office, told at the WG meeting, “Iwould like to invite all the companies to positively consider product development targeting
QZSS overseas services”.
‫؝ڭ‬ৈಖ২೾ਜ਼ଓਘ१‫ش‬অ५
Present⌧ᅾ䠄䡚2023䠅

‫ۍ‬ඪ‫ލ‬ཇಗᅸమఔૈჃࣅPhase 1䠄2024䡚2027䠅

Experimental operation of wide areahighaccuracy augmentation serviceᐇ㦂㐠⏝+Development of functions necessary䠇ᐇ⏝䝅䝇䝔䝮䛻ᚲせ䛺ᶵ⬟ᣑᙇ
for practical system●Widearea high accuracy augmentation• ‽ኳ㡬⾨ᫍ䠄4ᶵ䠅䝅䝇䝔䝮䜘䜚ᐇ㦂⏝ಙ
serviceover Asia Oceania using L6E ofྕ䛸䛧䛶䜰䝆䜰䞉䜸䝉䜰䝙䜰ᆅᇦ䛷฼⏝QZSS
4satellites experimentallyྍ⬟䛺ᗈᇦ⿵ᙉಙྕ䜢㓄ಙ䠄L6Eಙྕ䠅●Enhancement of monitoring stations to• ⿵ᙉ᝟ሗ⏕ᡂ䛻ᚲせ䛺┘どᒁ⥙䛾෕㛗generate augmentation data for໬䚸⾨ᫍ㓄ಙᶵ⬟䛾ᣑ඘䜢ᐇ᪋䠄R3せnecessary redundancy, and expansionồ䠅of satellite
data distribution function

Phase 2䠄20208䡚䠅
2028〜Practical operation of wide area highaccuracyaugmentation service +ᗈᇦ㧗⢭ᗘ⿵ᙉ䝃䞊䝡䝇ᐇ⏝໬Experimental operation of wide areaᗈᇦ㟁㞳ᒙ⿵ṇ䛾ᐇド㐠⏝
ionospheric correction service●Widearea high accuracy augmentation• ‽ኳ㡬⾨ᫍ䠄7ᶵ䠅䝅䝇䝔䝮䜘䜚ᐇ⏝䝃䞊䝡䝇
serviceover Asia Oceania using L6E of䛸䛧䛶䜰䝆䜰䞉䜸䝉䜰䝙䜰ᆅᇦ䛷฼⏝ྍ⬟䛺QZSS7satellitesᗈᇦ⿵ᙉಙྕ䜢㓄ಙ䠄L6Eಙྕ䠅●Foraround three countries in Asia, wide• 䜰䝆䜰ᆅᇦ3䜹ᅜ⛬ᗘ䛷ᗈᇦ㟁㞳ᒙ⿵ṇ᝟area ionospheric correction data generatedሗ䛾⏕ᡂ䛸‽ኳ㡬⾨ᫍ5-7ྕᶵ䛛䜙䛾㓄ಙand distributed experimentally forᐇド䜢ᐇ᪋ via L6D of QZS 5-7
demonstration• ᐇドᐇ㦂ᐇ᪋ᅜ௨እ䛾ᅜ䞉ᆅᇦ䜈䛾࿧䜃䛛●Othercountries invited for joining the䛡䛸䝟䞊䝖䝘䞊䝅䝑䝥༠ᐃ⥾⤖demo.,and encouraged to make agreement䜲䞁䝗䝛䝅䜰㟁Ꮚᇶ‽Ⅼ⥙ᐇ㐠⏝Practicaloperation• ‽ኳ㡬⾨ᫍ䠄7ᶵ䠅䝅䝇䝔䝮䜘䜚ᐇ⏝䝃䞊
●Widearea high accuracy䝡䝇䛸䛧䛶䜰䝆䜰䞉䜸䝉䜰䝙䜰ᆅᇦ䛷฼⏝
augmentation
service over Asiaྍ⬟䛺ᗈᇦ⿵ᙉಙྕ䜢㓄ಙ䠄L6Eಙྕ䠅Oceaniausing L6E of QZSS 7 satellites.
• 䝟䞊䝖䝘䞊䝅䝑䝥༠ᐃ⥾⤖ᅜ䞉ᆅᇦྥ䛡
●Asa practical service, wide area
ionosphericcorrection data distributed䛻ᐇ⏝䝃䞊䝡䝇䛸䛧䛶ᗈᇦ㟁㞳ᒙ⿵ṇ
in thecountries and the region which᝟ሗ䜢㓄ಙhave partnership agreement with Japan

Based on experimental results,ᐇドᐇ㦂ᡂᯝ䜢㋃䜎䛘䛶䛭䛾
agreementwith other countries௚䛾ᅜ䚻䛸䜒༠ᐃ䜢⥾⤖are expected.

Indonesia CORS䝍䜲㟁Ꮚᇶ‽Ⅼ⥙

Thailand CORS

Thailand, Australia, Indonesia, each has amemorandum of cooperation with Japanese

Australia CORS䜸䞊䝇䝖䝷䝸䜰㟁Ꮚᇶ‽Ⅼ⥙䝍䜲䚸㇦ᕞ䚸䜲䞁䝗䝛䝅䜰䛸䛿government regarding QZSS. Specific details
QZSS䛻㛵䛩䜛༠ຊ䛾ぬ᭩䛜䛒䜚䚸are under discussion.
ලయⓗ䛺༠ຊ᱌௳䜢༠㆟୰

4Base on the QBIC Working Group Meeting Material, 4th February 2021, Satoshi Kogure National Space Policy
Secretariat Cabinet Office, Government of Japan (translated into English by SPAC from the original)

Figure 1 QZSS High Accuracy Service Development for Asia Oceania（2／4）
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QZSS Business
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4. Future Expansion to 7SV constellationűQZSS Constellation Design
QZS-5
QZS-5
QZS-1RQZS-1R
North pole
QZS-3

QZS-6(GEO)

QZS-3(GEO)

QZS-7

QZS-2

QZS-4

QZS-6

QZS-2

QZS-7(QGEO)South pole

QZS-4

7-QZSS Ground Track

Orbit

SV

Center Longi.
(deg.)

GEO(2-sats)

QZS-3, 6

127E, 90.5E

QZO(4-sats)

QZS-1R,QZS-2, 4, 5

148E(nom)
139E(nom)

QGEO(1-sat)

QZS-7

185E(nom)*QGEO: Quasi Geostationary Earth Orbit (i>1deg, e=0.008)

Satoshi Kogure, National Space Policy Secretariat Cabinet Office, Government of Japan“Latest Status of QZSS” ION GNSS+ 2020, 23rd September 2020

4. FutureFigure
Expansion
to 7SV constellation
2 QZSS 7 satellite constellation
The highest priority is toprovide good geometry(HDOP).
±

HDOP for 7 healthy SV with 10 degree EL mask

Japan and surrounding area
should have good HDOP, lessthan 2.6 on 95 percentile.

SBAS user requirements on
the number of GSO
satellites is satisfied.
±More than 2 GSO SV for LPV
service to be provided by
Japanese Civil Aviation Bureau

4 IGSO + 2 GSO +1 QGSO*
constellation will be completed
around 2023*: QGSO Quasi-Geo Synchronous Orbit
Geosynchronous orbit with small eccentricity and inclination
17

Satoshi Kogure, National Space Policy Secretariat Cabinet Office, Government of Japan“Latest Status of QZSS” ION GNSS+ 2020, 23rd September 2020

Figure 3 QZSS 7 satellite constellation coverage（3／4）
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3.QZSS Performance-CLAS ServiceOverview of CLAS (Centimeter Level Augmentation Service)
Quasi-Zenith Satellite System(QZSS: JPN)

GNSS

Positioning Signal
Altitude
500km

Broadcast via satellite(or on ground communication)①Error in Positioning
Signals
Orbit clock, Biases,
Ionosphere,Troposphere②Create augmentation dataand compress
Positioning errors
corrected byeach receiver
CORS(Continously Operationg
Reference Station)

Server and facility
for CLAS

Users

Specification on positioning accuracy
HH

6.0 cm (95%), V 12.0 cm (95%) (Static)
12.0 cm (95%), V 24.0 cm (95%) (Kinematic)
Satoshi Kogure, National Space Policy Secretariat Cabinet Office, Government of Japan“Latest Status of QZSS” ION GNSS+ 2020, 23rd September 2020

Figure 4 Overview of CLAS

4. Future Expansion to 7SV constellation
Domestic Service and Wide Area Service for carrier phase positioning
QZSS：region
MADOCA-PPP
on L6E

CLAS on L6D

CLAS

 CLAS (Centimeter LevelAugmentation Service) is being
provided via L6D signal.
 Employs the dense GNSS CORS inservice area.
 CLAS for Japanese territory startedin 2018.
：region Experimental augmentation on PPP
with MADOCA has been provided
via L6E signal on QZS-2/3/4.
 MADOCA: Multi-GNSS Advanced
Demonstration tool for Orbit andClock Analysis is a precise POD
engine developed by JAXA.
 Operational service will start around2023 (TBD, at the latest) with same
Compact SSR format as CLAS

QZSS orbit

MADOCA-PPPQZSS coverage area ,Asia Pacific region

Satoshi Kogure, National Space Policy Secretariat Cabinet Office, Government of Japan“Latest Status of QZSS” ION GNSS+ 2020, 23rd September 2020Figure 5 Domestic and Wide Area Service of High Accuracy Service（4／4）
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