Re-Fi^r^ I n e z e s
RDRMSON G W and BOREHRM J. The use of an association measure
based on character structure to identify semanticaLly related
pairs of words and document titles. Information
Storage andRetrieval 10, 1974, 253-260.
RLBERGR C N. String similarity and misspellings. Communicationsof the RCM W C5)* May 1367, 302-313.
BPRRET J 0 and GREM5 M. Abbreviating words systematically.
Communciations of the PCM 3 C5D, 1969, 323-324.
BOTES M J. Factors affecting subject catalog search success.
Journalofthe American

Society forInformationScience28 (3),May 1977, 161-169.
BRTE5 M J. Subject access in online catalogs : a design model.
Journalof

the Rmerican

5ociety

forInformation

Science37 (63,November 1986, 357-376.
BELL C L M and JONES K P. B minicomputer retrieval system with
automatic root finding and roling facilities. Program 10 C D ,January 1976, 14-27.
BELL C L M and JONES K P. Back-of-the-book indexing : a case forthe application of artificial intelligence. In: Informatics
5;
The analysisof meaning.

Proceedingsof an QslibIBCS

Conference.

Oxford, 1979. Edited by Maxine MacCafferty and Kathleen Gray.
London : Rslib, 1979. 155-61.
BELL C L M and J0NE5 K P. The development of a highly interactive
searching technique for MORPHS - (Minicomputer Operated Retrieval(Partially Heuristic) System. Information
Processing andManagement 16, 1980, 37-47.
BLRIR C R. R program for correcting spelling errors.
and Control 3, 1960, 60-67.

Information

BOURNE C P and FORD D F. R study of methods for systematicallyabbreviating English words and names. Journal of the Associationof ComputerMachinery8,1961, 538-552.

CRRLSON G. Techniques for replacing characters that are garbled
on input. In: 7966 Spring

Conference Proceedings
189-192.

JointComput .

Conference,flFIPS

28, 1966. Washington D.C. : Spartan, 1956,

References

CERCONE N. R heuristic morphological analyser for naturallanguage understanding programs. The IEE Computer Society's FirstInternational Computer Software and Applications Conference,
Chicago, Illinois, 8-11 November 1977. New York : IEEE, 1977,
676-682.
CERCONE N. Morphological analysis and lexicon design for naturallanguage processing. Computers and the Humanities 11, 1976, 235258.
CLRRKE D. 5ounds familiar. Practical Computing 7, February 1984,90-93.
COCHRQNE P R. "Friendly* catalogue forgives user errors : nolibrarian intervention necessary on dream online system called•Paperchase'. American Libraries
13 (5), May 1982, 303-306.
CORNEW R W. R statistical method of spelling correction.
Information
Control 12, 1958, 79-93.
CROFT W B and HRRPER D J. Using probabilistic models of document
retrieval without relevance information. Journal of Documentation
35 (43, December 1979, 285-295.
DRMERPU F J. R technique for computer detection and correction ofspelling errors. Communications of the ACM 7 (33, March 1964,171-176.
DRTTOLR R T. FIR51 : Flexible Information Retrieval 5ystem for
Text. Journal of the American Society for Information
Science 30
C D , January 1979, 9-14.
DRVID50N L. Retrieval of misspelled names in an airlines
passenger record system. Communications of the ACM 5 (33, March
1952, 169-171.
DRW50N J L. Suffix removal and word conflation. ALLC Bulletin,Michaelmas 1974, 33-45.
DICK50N J. Rn analysis of u^er errors in searching an online
catalog. Cataloging and Classification Quarterly A (33, 1984, 1938.
D05ZK0C5 T E. RID : an Rssociative Interactive Dictionary foronline searching. Online Review 2 (23, 1978, 163-173.
D05ZK0C5 T E. From research to application : the CITE naturalLanguage information retrieval system. In : Research andDevelopment in Information
Retrieval. Proceedings Berlin 1982.
Edited by Gerard Sal ton and Hans-Jochen 5chneider. Berlin :Springer-Verlag, 1983, 251-262.

-173-

References

D0SZK0C5 T E. CITE NLM : natural-Language searching in an online
catalog. Information
Technology and Libraries
2 (4), December
1983, 364-380.
D05ZK0C5 T E. Automatic vocabulary mapping in online searching.
InternationalClassification 10 C2), 1985, 78-83.
D05ZKDC5 T E. Natural language processing in Information
Retrieval. Journal ofthe (American Society

forInformation

Science 37 (4), 1986, 191-196.
D05ZKDC5 T E and RPPP B P. Searching MEDLINE in English : aprototype user interface with natural language query, ranked
output and relevance feedback. Rmerican Society for
Information
5cience.
Information

Annual Meeting (42ndChoices: Octoberand Policies

1373 : Minneapolis J.

16. Edited by R D Tally and R R

Deultgen. White Plains, NY : Knowledge Industry, 1979, 131-139.
FENICHEL R R and BRRNETT G 0. Rn application-independentsubsystem for free-text analysis. Computers and Biomedical
Research 3, 1976, 159-167.
FIELD B J. Semi-automatic development of thesauri
language

vocabularyanalysis (Part1 only).

using

free-(Report no. R75/243.

Inspec, 1975.
FRRKE5 W B. Term conflation for Information Retrieval. In:
Research and development
in Information
Retrieval:proceedingsof the thirdjoint
BC5 and PCM symposium King'sCollege,Cambridge, 2-6 July 1364. Edited by C J van Rijsbergen. Cambridge
University Press on behalf of the British Computer Society, 1965,
383-389.
FREUND G E and WILLETT P. Online identification of word variants
and arbitrary truncation searching using a string similarity
measure. Information

Technology: Researchand Development

1,1982, 177-187.
GRLLI E J and YRMRDR H. Rn automatic dictionary and theverification of machine-readable text. IBM Systems Journal
1967, 192-207.

6 (3),GRRHRM T W, LRNE R and RICHRRD5 K M. Keyword and Boolean
searching on Geac at Hull University. VINE 48, May 1983, 3-7.
GREENFIELD R H. Rn experiment to measure the performance ofphonetic key compression retrieval schemes. Methods ofInformationin Medicine

16 (4), 1977, 230-233.

HRFTNER R. The performance of card catalogs : a review ofresearch. Library Research 1, Fall 1979, 199-222.

References

HRLL P R V and DOWLING G R. Rpproximate string matching.
Computing Surveys 12 (43, December 1980, 381-402.
HRNSON R R, RI5EMRN E M and FISHER E. Context in word
recognition. Pattern Recognition 8, 1976, 35-45.
HILDRETH C R. Online Public Access Catalogs
DCLC Online Computer Library Center, 1982.

: the userinterface.

JRC0B5 J R. Finding words that sound alike. BYTE 7, March 1932,473-474.
J0NE5 K P and BELL C L M. The automatic extraction of words fromtexts especially for input into information retrieval systems
based on inverted files. In: Research and development inInformation: proceedings ofRetrieval

thethirdjoint

BCS andPCM symposium King's College, Cambridge, 2-6 July 1984. Edited by
C J van Rijsbergen. Cambridge University Press on behalf of theBritish Computer 5ociety, 1985, 409-419.
JDNE5 R M. The Online Catalogue at the Polytechnic of the South
Bank: a review

andeffectivenessstudy.

London: Polytechnic of

the South Bank, Library, 1985.
JONES R M. Improving Okapi : transaction log analysis of failed
searches in an online catalogue. VINE 62, May 1986, 3-13.
JOSEPH D M and WONG R L. Correction of misspellings andtypographical errors in a free-text medical English information
storage and retrieval system. MethodsofInformationinMedicine

18 (43, 1979, 228-234.
KELLY B and others. Bibliographic Recess & Control 5ystem.
Information Technology and Libraries 1 (23, June 1982, 125-132.
LRNDRUER C and MRH C. Message extraction through estimation ofrelevance. Research
Proceedingsof theand Developmentin Information
QCM-BCS Symposium, Cambridge, 23-26

Retrieval.
June1380.

Cambridge University Press, 1980.
LENNON M and others.

Rn evaluation of some conflation algorithms

for Information Retrieval. JournalofInformation

Science3,

1981, 177-183.
L0VIN5 J B. Development of a stemming algorithm. MechanicalTranslation

and Computational

Linguistics

11,

1958, 22-31.

L0VIN5 J B. Error evaluation for stemming algorithms asclustering algorithms. Journal

InformationoftheRmerican

Societyfor

Science 22, January-February 1971, 28-40.

LOWE T C, ROBERTS D C and KURTZ P. Pdditional Text ProcessingOn-lineRetrieval(TheRRDC0L System).

73-337). 1973.

-175-(Technicalforreport RRDC-TR-<mt g r i^/ZOOO live ©t Newcastle University Library ° § progress report'WE IS, July 1§B5, 1-Bo
HSNDEL C 0 m d HERSCHMBM J0 Online subject ©oc(f§§ § enhancing tbi
Library c§)tDl©g0 Journal ©f Academic ii&p(§pi<ioih£p 3 C33 ^ 19B3,14B°1S50(ri3RKEY L Sy&j^ct §©er©hing £0 (library ©atalefp § before ©nd<§ft(§r the iofroducti©© ©f ©niioa catalogsc OCLC Online Cotfrputer
Library Center, 1S84J[nJSRCCEY Ko Qnlind ©etal©gue y§a s rasuli§ ©f gy^^dyi god focus
group inf ewia^s in severdl librarieso findl report t© theCouncil ®o life^ry B^i@ypc§§0 Veto II 0 OCLC Online Computer
Library Center, 1363*
K3RKEY K and DEHEYER R N 0 Be^ey Beciwal Ctdsiifi©dti©fi OnlinePr©ject °o ©valuation of © library §©bedute Dod ind^n integrated
into ih& lybjjdct inapching ©dpabiiitidi ©f an ©ntin© catalogue,,
FinaL report t© the C©uncil @n Libfdpy fei@ype§i0 OCLC Online
Computer Library CenterB ISBBo
MBTTHEWS J R0 PublicAccess t© Online Cdfdt©gif©r iioigepi, 2nd dd0 Kfesfon 1 Online ln©„ 191

planning guidebllSCHO lo Library of Congress Subject Headingss a review ©f theproblems, end prospects for improved subject access* Cataloging S
Ctaisifiestion Quarterly 1 C2/3), 19S2C 105=124.
M17EV N N 0 The user interface in an online public access©dtiloguto Ins Computer Assisted Information
Retrieval R1R0 85.
International Symposium ©rganiied by th& C(Bniir^ de Heutes Etudes
d°Inforaafique flecumentaire and the In^tiiut d^2n)f®pfiR#tigy€ et deWatheretigues Appliques de Grenoble, 18°20 March 1985^ Grenoble
France, P e n s s CNRS-lMflB, 1SB5,
H1IEV N N, VEHNER 6 M and RJRLKER S a Designing an online publicaccess ©atal©gue 0° Qk^pi s a catalogue ©n a local §)P@a network*(Library and Information Research Report 39) 0 London 1 British
Library, 1985 0M1TEV N Ms vJEMNER B andfflHLKERSo 0KHP1 % an online public accesscatalogue ©n m microcomputer local area network0 In? Online
Public Access to Library Piles, Pr(g)€(B(Bding§ ©f a C&nt(T(B forCatal©gy© Pesearcb CQnf(§ir(§n^& held at B&)th boiversity 3°S
S<ipt<d§i)ter 19840 Edited by Rtan Seal „ Oxford 2 Elsevier, 19B50
MITEy N N and SBLKER So Intelligent retrieval aids in an online
public access catalogue s automatic intelligent searchsequencing. Ins Informatics 8.° IRdyan€(B§ in intelligent retrieval,Fr©ceedings ©f an Astib/BCS ©onferenee0 Oxford^ 16-17 April 1985oLondon ° Hslib, 1985.

References
MOORE F J. Mechanizing a Large register of first order patientdata. Methods of Informationin Medicine 4, 1965, 1-10.
MORRIS R and CHERRY L L. Computer

detectionoftypographicalerrors.
(Bell Laboratories Computing Science Technical Report,18). 1974.
MORRIS R and CHERRY L L. Computer detection of typographicalerrors. IEEE Transactions

on Professional

Communication

V.PC-18

C D , 1975, 54-63.
MUNNECKE T. Give your computer an ear for names. BYTE 5, May
1960, 196-200.
NIEDERMRIR 6 Th, THURMRIR 6 and BUTTEL I. MRR5 : a retrieval toolon the basis of morphological analysis. In: Research andDevelopmentin

Information

Retrieval.

Proceedings of thethird

joint BC5 and PCM symposium King's College, Cambridge, 2-6 July
1984. Edited by C J van Rijsbergen. Cambridge University Press onbehalf of the British Computer Society, 1985.
NORERULT T, KOLL M and McOILL M J. Automatic ranked output from
Boolean searches in SIRE. Journal

Informationofthe American

SocietyforScience 28, 1977, 333-339.

NU55BRUM R and 5CHEK H J. Automatic error detection in natural
Language words. (Report TR 78.06.005). IBM Heidelberg ScientificCenter, 1978.
OVERHRGE C F J and REINTJES J F. Project Intrex : a generalreview. Information Storage and Retrieval
10 (5/6), May/June
1974, 157-186.
PRICE C D. Information

Retrievaland the Computer.

London :MacDonald and Jane's, 1977.
POLLOCK J J and ZRM0RR R. Collection and characterization ofspelling errors in scientific and scholarly text. Journal of theQmerican Society for Information
Science 34 (1), January 1933,
51-58.
POLLOCK J J and ZRMORR R. System design for detection andcorrection of spelling errors in scientific and scholarly text.
Journal of the American Society for Information
Science 35 (2),
1984, 104-109.
PORTER M F. Rn algorithm for suffix stripping. Program 14 (3),1980, 130-137.
RISEMRN E M and HRN50N B R , R contextual postprocessing systemfor error correction using binary n-grams. IEEE Transactions onComputers C-23 (5), May 1974, 480-493.

-177-References
ROUBHION K B and TYO 050N D P 0 lr©wsing with sound s sound-busedcodes and automated authority ©antral0 Information Technology andlidrariai 4 C2)fl dun© 1S8S, 130~13Bo
SPLION Bo Automatic
McGraw-Hills 1SB8,imf©p^at ion ©fganig^f ion a©d ref rievat 03CHPKB P Ho P©at©@@rdinai© ratriaval s © ©©roparison ©f te©
indexing languagtSc Journal ©f §fe &©p£©©n 5©©£©fy forI©f@p^©fi@© Sciaoca 33 C D , 1382, 32-3?e51EBBL E R ©©d ©fdar§o P ©oroparativ© ©valuati©© ©f the technicalparf@rf©anca and yi©p ©ccaptance ®f ^t^© prototype ©nlin© ©atal©g§V§t©mio Information Technology ©od Lidrari©§ 3 C13, March 1384,3S-4B.
SJEBEl S R and ®ttof§o Peaaarch ©trafegy and ^©fh©ds used t©
conduct © ©separative ©valuation ©f two prototype online catalog
systems0 id©ti©nat Online ffeafing, W§>^ Y©rfe, %>ril 12° 14 1983.
Proceedingso 1SB3
SUNTER R Bo 9 Statistic©! %pp©<§eli t© £?<tc©pd Linff©ge0 Ottawa °0Dominion Bureau of Statistics, 136?„
SUl PER H I ind FELL1B1 I P . 0© Optimal Theory of Pi?c©rd Linkage.
Ottawa s Dominion Bureau ©f Statistics» 13B7,SYRRCUSE UNIVERSITY. SCHOOL OF INFORMATION STUDIES, SUBdECT
PCCE5S PROJECTo Books ape foir Use °n final
report ©f tfog Subject
Sccass Project t© the Council ©n L£&r<§ry Resources0 Pauline
Ptherton, Director. Syracuse University, 1SJ7B0
IjPBLlBCOZZO R, KQCHEN M and ROSENBERG L, Orthographic error
patterns ©f author nones in catalog searches0 Journal ©f Libpary(RutQmaiiQn 3 C23, dun© 1370, 33° 101 „TARRY B D0 i\ r-^H^ §uffix
genoration and word segmentation forInformation Petriavato hLSCo thesis, University ©f Sheffield,
ULLPBN J Ro P binary (nigrum technique for automatic correction ©fsubstitution, deletionfl insertion ©nd reversal ©rrors in words 0Compuiap Journal 20 12)d 137?fi141-147.
UUrSCHWEiDER J E and DQSZK0C5 T E c P practical ©taking algorithm
f@r online search assistance0 Online Paview 7 C4), Pygust 1383,
UNIVERSITY OF CPliFORMXfid DIVISION OF L1BRPRY ajTOMflTIQN. MEIWI
rafaraoca mmu&l °0 Joiveriity @f Calif'ornia Online
Catalog.
Berkeley s University ©f California, ISflSo
VENNER B, KPIKER S and HiTEV N 0 Okapi s a prototype online
catalogueo VINE S3, duly 1985, 3°13©

References

V055LER C M and BRRN5T0N N M. The use of context for correcting
garbled English text. In: Proceedings of the Association for
Computing Machinery

13thNational

Conference,Rugust 1964, D2.4-1-D2.4-13.
WRLKER 5. The free language approach to online catalogues. In:
Keyword catalogues andtheFreeLanguage

Rpproach.

Edited byPhilip Bryant. University of Bath, Library, 1965.
WALKER 5. OKPPI : evaluating and enhancing an experimental online
catalogue. Library Trends, Spring 1987 (to be published).
WILLETT P. Document retrieval experiments using indexing
vocabularies of varying size. II. Hashing, truncation, digram andtrigram encoding of index terms. Journal of Documentation 35 (4),December 1979, 296-305.
WILLIRM5 M E (editor). Annual Review of Information Science andTechnology. Vol 20. Knowledge Industry Publications, 19B5.
WONG R L and others. Profile of a dictionary compiled fromscanning over one million words of surgical pathology narrativetext. Computers

and Biomedical

Research

13, 1980, 382-398.

ZRMORR R. Automatic detection and correction of spelling errors
in a large data base. Journal of the American Society for
Information

Science

31 C D ,1980, 51-57.

ZRMORR E M, POLLOCK J J and ZRMORR R. The use of trigram analysis
for spelling error detection. Information Processing andManagement 17 (6), 1981, 305-316.

-179-