Surveillance andBroadcast Services
ENRI International
Workshop on ATM / CNS

By: Robert Novia
Date: March 5, 2009

Federal Aviation
Administration

Agenda••••Overview
Dual Track Strategy
Program Status
Rulemaking Status– Schedule••••

International Harmonization
Applications
Acquisitions and Agreements
Next Steps

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Overview: Automatic Dependent Surveillance Broadcast (ADS-B)•Automatic–•

Dependent–•

Position and velocity vector are derived
from the Global Positioning System (GPS)Surveillance –•Periodically transmits information with nopilot or operator input required

A method of determining position ofaircraft, vehicles, or other asset

Broadcast–Transmitted information available toanyone with the appropriate receiving
equipment

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Overview: Traffic Information Service - Broadcast / Flight
Information Service - Broadcast
TIS-B is a service which provides
ADS-B equipped aircraft withposition reports from secondary
surveillance radar on non-ADS-B
equipped aircraft.

Surveillance and Broadcast Services

FIS-B transmits graphical
National Weather Serviceproducts, temporary flight
restrictions (TFRs), and special
use airspace.

Federal Aviation
Administration

4Overview: Surveillance and Broadcast Service
Descriptions
ADS‐B

ADS‐R

UAT

1090ES

Non‐Equipped

UAT

Non‐Equipped

RadioStation

FIS‐B
ProviderControlStationRadioStation

FAA
FIS‐B
ProviderSurveillance of ADS‐B equipped aircraft for Air Traffic Control and Aircraft Situational Awareness

TIS‐B

1090ES

1090ES

Non‐Equipped

FAA

Cross‐Linking of ADS‐B data for Aircraft Situational Awareness

FIS‐B

UAT

ControlStation

UAT

1090ES

Non‐Equipped

RadioStation

FIS‐B
ProviderControlStationRadioStation

FAA

Uplink of Surveillance Data of Non‐ADSB equipped aircraft for Aircraft Situational Awareness

Surveillance and Broadcast Services

FIS‐B
ProviderControlStationFAA

Uplink of Weather and other Flight Information for UAT Equipped Aircraft

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Administration5

Dual Track Strategy
Ground Infrastructure
2/2006 – 11/2006

Acquisition
Planning

11/2006 – 8/2007

2/2008 – 6/2009
DeployGroundInfrastructure

Acquisition
Execution

Essential
Services ISD

4/2008 – 3/2010

10/2009 – 4/2010

9/2010

Test GroundInf rastructure /Voluntary
Avionics
Equipage

InitialOperating
Capability

CriticalServices
ISD

11/24/2008

2010 – 2013

Pre-NPRM
Separation
Standards
Modeling

RPR
Phase I

RPR
Phase 24/2006 – 9/2006= Completed= In Process

Avionics
Equipage

4/20101/2007 – 8/2007

Avionics Equipage

GroundInfrastructure
Deployment

Separation
Standards
Approval

2010 – 2020

NPRM

RPR
Phase 3

Final RuleAvionics
Equipage
Begins

10/20073/2008 – 1/2009

4/20105/2010

RPR = Rulemaking Project Record; NPRM = Notice of Proposed Rulemaking; ISD = In-Service Decision

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Ground Infrastructure: 794 Ground Station Solution
Provides National Coverage

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Rulemaking Next Steps: Schedule to Final
RuleMilestone

Planned Date ofCompletion

Status / Comments

FAA Rulemaking Team finalizes RPR Phase 3

January 14, 2009

Complete

RPR Phase 3 Submitted to ARM

January 21, 2009

Complete

Rulemaking Council Approval of RPR

January 27, 2009

Complete

Rulemaking Team Drafts Final RuleMay 2009

Final Rule Economic Assessment

August 2009

Final Rule Concurrence through Directors

October 2009

Final Rule Concurrence through Associates

November 2009

Final Rule Concurrence through Administrator

December 2009

Final Rule Approved through OSTJanuary 2010

Final Rule Approved through OMB

April 2010

Final Rule Published in Federal RegisterApril 2010

•RPR = Rulemaking Project RecordSurveillance and Broadcast Services

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Administration

8International Harmonization•International Civil Aviation Organization (ICAO)– Aeronautical Surveillance Panel (ASP)– Separation and Airspace Safety Panel (SASP)– Caribbean and South American Regional Planning and Implementation
Group (GREPECAS)– Asia Pacific Air Navigation Planning and Implementation Regional Group(APANPIRG)•Eurocontrol– CASCADE: ADS-B is main focus of CASCADE, standardization, trials andimplementation activities are being funded, and it is the largest EUROCONTROL
partner in terms of budget and staff– Action Plan 23: exchange information and ideas for future airborne applications– Airborne Separation Assistance System Thematic Network 2 (ASAS –TN 2):
European Commission funded forum•

Requirements Focus Group (RFG)– Joint RTCA / EUROCAE Working Group•

Recurring Coordination Meetings– Transport Canada• NAV CANADA– Civil Aviation Safety Authority• Airservices Australia– Eurocontrol

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9Initial ADS-B Services and Applications
Services:
Surveillance Broadcast Services (En Route, Terminal, Surface)
Traffic / Flight Information Broadcast Services
Applications:
Enhanced Visual Acquisition
Enhanced Visual Approaches
Final Approach and Runway Occupancy AwarenessAirport Surface Situational AwarenessConflict Detection
Merging and Spacing
Cockpit Display of Traffic Information (CDTI) Assisted Visual
Separation (CAVS)

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Critical Services – Key Sites
Gulf of Mexico, Philadelphia, Louisville, Juneau

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ADS-B Out: ATC Separation Services - Current
Conditions (High)

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ADS-B Out: ATC Separation Services - ADS-B Enabled(High)

Surveillance and Broadcast Services

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Administration

13Gulf of Mexico
SummaryInfrastructure• Approximately 22 ADS-B ground stations located on oilplatforms and along the shore• Approximately 35 Weather sensor stations• 12 existing communication stations• 7 new communication stations

Service Volumes – (Communications and Surveillance)• Low Altitude En Route Service Volume-1,500 ft. - 3,000 ft. above mean sea level (MSL)
over oil/gas platforms• High Altitude En Route Service Volume– Floor: 28,000 ft. MSL, Ceiling: 60,000 ft. MSLServices• Air traffic control separation services

Service Delivery Points (SDP)• Primary SDP: HOST / ERAM at Houston Center– ADS-B / ADS-R for Low Altitude up to 24,000 ft.
– ADS-B 1090-ES only for High Altitude above 24,000 ft.

• VHF Voice Communications (Air to Ground)• Automated Weather Observation Services• Flight Information Broadcast Services (FIS-B) Product Set 2
Low Altitude

Surveillance and Broadcast ServicesBenefits• High altitude– Increased capacity and Optimal routing• Low altitude– Increased capacity and Reduction in weather relatedaccidents

Federal Aviation
Administration1414Essential Services: Miami(St. Cloud)(Key West)

Surveillance and Broadcast Services(Homestead)Federal Aviation
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ADS-B In: Program Baseline - Enhanced VisualAcquisition

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ADS-B In: Program Baseline - Enhanced Visual
Approaches

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Administration

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ADS-B In: Program Baseline - Final Approachand Runway Occupancy

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Administration18

ADS-B In: Program Baseline - Airport Surface
Situational Awareness

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ADS-B In: Program Baseline - Conflict Detection

Note: Working Group 1 will not have the complete set of documents complete prior toIn-Service Decision.
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ADS-B In: Program Baseline - Merging andSpacing

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ADS-B In: Program Baseline - Cockpit Display of Traffic
Information (CDTI) Assisted Visual Separation (CAVS)Night w/ background lights

Glare

Scattered clouds

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$9.3M Acquisition• The FY08 Conference Report accompanying
H.R. 3074 has provided additional funding
to the ADS-B program "specifically toexpedite air to air capabilities"• FAA intends to utilize this funding todemonstrate ADS-B capabilities in the areasof surface conflict detection and cockpit
alert capabilities
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Surface Conflict Detection and Cockpit Alerting

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$9.3M Acquisition: Awards
On November 3, 2008 the FAA announced
awards to two different vendors

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$9.3M Acquisition: Honeywell Award•••

Award: $3M
Proposal: Develop
requirements, standards andhuman factors analysis
Location(s):– Seattle Tacoma– Snohomish County Paine Field•

Aircraft (experimental):– 1 Cessna Sovereign– 1 Beechcraft King••

Display: EFB and MFD
Pilots:– JetBlue Airways– Alaska Airways

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$9.3M Acquisition: ACSS Award••

Award: $6M
Proposal: Create standards,
flight demonstrations andprototypes• Partner: US Airways• Location: Philadelphia• Aircraft (2 experimental, 19
revenue service):– King Air C90 (1)– Airbus 330 (20)•Display: Class 2 EFB / AGD

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Other Agreements: NextGen• January 13, 2009 agreement between FAA,
US Airways and ACSS
– Agreement establishes a public-private collaboration
to develop a plan and endeavor to establish
subsequent agreements to integrate implementationof Next Generation Air Transportation System(NextGen) capabilities in selected locations in theNational Airspace System (NAS)– First Agreement Implementation Committee (AIC)
meeting is scheduled for February 2, 2009

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Next Steps: FY2009 / FY2010 Schedule
Milestone

Planned Date of Completion / Status
FY2009Louisville Service Acceptance Test (SAT)

April 2009

Gulf of Mexico Weather Service Acceptance Test (SAT)

June 2009

Gulf of Mexico Service Acceptance Test (SAT)

June 2009

Philadelphia Service Acceptance Test (SAT)

August 2009

Gulf of Mexico Comm. and Weather Initial Operating Capability (IOC)

September 2009

FY2010Juneau Service Acceptance Test (SAT)

October 2009Louisville IOC of Surveillance Services

October 2009

Gulf of Mexico IOC of Surveillance Services

December 2009

Philadelphia IOC of Surveillance Services

February 2010

Juneau IOC of Surveillance Services

April 2010

Final Rule Published

April 2010

Surveillance Services ISD for ADS-B

September 2010

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Backup

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Spectrum Analysis: Background•

Spectrum Risk Identified: February 2006
– Due to the numerous ATC systems competing for 1090 MHz spectrum along withthe potential growth of air traffic contributing additional 1090 MHz users to theenvironment, the possibility exists that the 1090 MHz frequency will be congested
to the point that existing and future systems will not meet the required
performance levels to conduct air traffic and other surveillance related NASoperations.

•Completion of Phase 1 Spectrum Analysis Report: August 2008
1. Removal of Terra Fix (as recommended prior to 2020)
2. Reduction of Mode S Interrogation Sequence (as recommended prior to 2020)
3. Removal of SSRs as outlined in SBS backup strategy (per FAA EnterpriseArchitecture initial removal list)
Note: Studies have shown that there is not an issue with radar or multilateration. The
only issue identified is with TCAS.

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Spectrum Analysis: Phase 2 Analysis
Goals• Assess Performance of 1090 MHz systems(ADS-B, TCAS, SSR) in 2035
• Assess ADS-B Air-to-Air Performance forranges of 20 NM, 45 NM, 60 NM, and 90 NM– 95% Update Rate at 20 NM < 7 sec (ADS-B MASPS)– 95% Update Rate at 40-90 NM < 12 sec (ADS-BMASPS)

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Spectrum Analysis: Initial Look at
Mitigating 2035 Interference EnvironmentCaseMode SATCRBS

Baseline

14,55868,009All SSR to Monopulse

14,55833,367TCAS Hybrid Surv.2

11,00468,009Remove all SSRs
(Passive Multilat)1

12,286

3,714

Remove all SSRs +TCAS Hybrid Surv. 2

9,271

3,714

Change all SSRs and
AC to Mode S

19,8000

Link to 2035 Interference

Notes:
1. Calculated with revised assumptions (e.g. Passive MLAT can be performed on both UAT and1090-ES)
2. Assumes 60% reduction in TCAS interrogations when aircraft implement hybrid surveillance.
Does not consider TCAS Hybrid Surveillance using UAT.

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Spectrum Analysis: Next Steps• ADS-B Air to Air– Performance Results were confirmed by comparing two analyses(JHU/APL and LL)• Follow-on efforts will compare all cases for final results• Additional Mitigations to Consider– ADS-B only TCAS
– Using ADS-R to do TCAS Hybrid Surveillance• Identify break-point for when the baseline interference
does not support the applications• Briefing of Results to Aviation Rulemaking Committee– February 24 (tentative)
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