5Selection ofTightening Tools

5-1. Flow Chart ofTool Selection
Flow Chart of tool selection ─── 68

5-2. Selection of Manual Torque Tools(1) Selection process ────── 70(2) Selection of tools by application ─ 71(3) Optimum capacity ─────── 71

5-3. Selection of Power Torque Tools(1) Selection process ────── 72(2) Tightening times of tools ─── 72

5-4. Selection Standards of Tightening Tools
Selection standards of tightening tools ─ 73

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TOHNICHI TORQUE HANDBOOK Vol.8

TECHNICAL DATA

ChapterTightening Control System
For the tightening torque, it is necessary to decide the accuracy of tightening control according to5

Table 5-1. Bolt tightening control system
ClassAB

Control Tightening
system toleranceStandard

IndividualApplication

Application example

Application
Tightening tool Torque assurance
systemtightening toolcontrol±30%

Threaded joint for use
in ﬁxing parts subject
to no external force· Bolts tightened to static parts Selection by model Periodical maximum Periodical inspection· Bolts ﬁxing covers (Non airand capacity.
performanceby retightening
tight)(No torque control) measurement.
method. (α=1.05)±20%

Threaded joint withhigh safety margin inﬁxing, air-tightness
and transfer against
external force· Bolts tightened to dynamic parts.
（Bolt strength classiﬁcation
not speciﬁed）· Bolts for low pressure sealing.

Torque-controlled
tightening device.
(Indirect controldevice)· Bolts tightened to dynamic parts.
(Bolt strength classiﬁcation
speciﬁed)· Bolts for high pressure sealing.

Periodical
Torque-controlled
tightening torquetightening device.
measurement.
(Direct control
Daily tighteningtype)
torque check.

Daily inspection
by retightening
method.
Daily check oftightening device.

· Main bolt for connectingrod of engine.
· High pressure hydraulicequipment.

Nutrunner withtorque control.
(with monitoringangle)

Monitoring.
Daily checkof tightening
device.

C

Individual±10%Threaded joint withlow safety margin inﬁxing, air-tightness
and transfer against
external force

D

Individual±5%(Anglemethod)

Threaded joint limitedly
designed in ﬁxing, airtightness and transferagainst external force

Technical Data

Periodical
tightening
torquemeasurement.

Periodical tightening
torque measurement.
Daily tightening
torque check.

Daily inspection
by retightening
method.
(α: measuredvalues)

67Selection ofTightening Tools

the importance of the tightening position, and to choose and to control the necessary torque tools.

Chapter

5-1

Selection of Tightening Tools

Flow Chart of Tool Selection
Number of bolt tightening per dayFew

Number of bolt tightening per day
MediumManual typeSemi-Automatic type

Inspection

Application

Tightening Work

Indicating type
DigitalClick type

Indicating method

Pre-lock

Torque setting Preset
style

AnalogAnalog style

Power source

Adjustable

Beam

Electric

Air

Dial indicating
Dial indicating
torque driver
FTD-S
Dial indicating
torque wrench
DBPQL
PCLF

P306

RNTD

P158

ACP334

P248

P212

DACP296

▲

QSP▲▲

▲

68

P166

P220

CLDB

AC

DACP194▲▲▲

PCL

P288

Semi-automatic
torque wrench

▲

QL

P176

SP
CEM3-G

Semi-automatic
torquewrench

P202

▲

▲

FTD-S

Preset torquedriver
RNTD
Preset torquewrench
SP
QSP

RTD
PQL

▲

▲

P174

Adjustable
torque driver
RTD
Adjustable
torque wrench
QL
CL▲

▲

F
STC2-G

Pre-lock torquewrenchBeam type
torque wrench▲

Digital torquedriver
STC2-G
Digital torquewrench
CEM3-GP336

P232

TOHNICHI TORQUE HANDBOOK Vol.8

TECHNICAL DATAChapter
Number of bolt tightening per day
Large

5

Electric

Selection ofTightening Tools

Power type
Air

Power source

Fixed

Fixed or Portable

Portable

Portable
Angle

PistolShape

Straight
Battery
operated
torque driver
HAT
Electric torquewrench
DAP

Multipleunit
ME
MCPneumatic
torque driver
AUR
Pneumatic
torque wrench
AP

Fully-Automatic
torque wrench

UASU▲

ASP326

▲

P356

P342

P330

P328

MCP356

AP▲

P340

▲

▲

DAP

Technical Data▲

HAT▲

ME

▲

AUR

Pneumatic
torquedriver

P33869

Chapter

5-2

Selection of Tightening Tools

Selection of Manual Torque Tools（1）Selection processSelection of manual torque tools
Type comparison

ModelGeneral tightening
work, testing andmaintenance

○○×○△

◎FSF
QF
QFRCF

p306
p306
p310
p310
p312

Read the torsion
from the torsion bar,which is magnified
by the dial

Precise tightening
work, researchand testing

◎

○×◎

◎

◎DB
DBE
T

p296
p298
p304

(ATG)
MTD
FTD-S

p390
p180
p176

Read the digital
display for the outputof the strain gauge

Precise tightening
work, research andtesting

◎

△×◎

◎

CEM3-G

p288

STC2-G

p174

Adjustable

When the torquereaches the presetvalue, a click isheard and impulse
is felt

General tightening
work, Tightening formass production

◎◎QL
QLE2
◎CLCLE2
PQL
TIQL
TIQLE

p194
p198
p212
p216
p202
p228
p228

◎LTDMTD

p160
p180

PresetWhen the torquereaches the value
set by the tester, aclick is heard andimpulse is felt

Particular bolt tightening,
Tightening for massproduction

××

◎

○

◎

SP
RSP
QSP
CSP
BQSP
BCSP

p248
p250
p232
p236
p240
p242

NTD

p168

Adjustable

Once torque set isachieved, even if moreforce is applied, thismodel does not add
additional torque andprevent over torque.

tightening workof short tact time,tightening at low
torque value

×○○○

◎

RTD
AMRD
BMRD

p158
p162
p162

PresetO n ce to rq u e s et isachieved, even if moreforce is applied, thismodel does not add
additional torque andprevent over torque.

tightening workof short tact time,tightening at low
torque value

××◎

△
(○)

◎RNTD

p166

Click type

Read the deﬂectionof the beam spring
direc tly from thegraduated plateDigital

Indicating type

Main applications

Dial

Tightening Continuous
Ease
Measuringfor multiple tightening for Accuracy
torqueof work
purpose a same bolt

Structure

BeamType×○○○

Torque wrench

Rotary slip

QSPCA

p234

Torque driverTools marked with ◎ are standard torque wrenches or screwdrivers that are widely used.

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TECHNICAL DATA

（2）Selection of tools by application
ChapterTable 5-3. Selection of tools by application
Manual tools

5

Torque screwdriver

Torque wrench

General usage

RTD，LTD，AMLD，BMLD

QL，
QLE，
CL，
CLE

Mass production

RNTD，NTDSP，QSP，（PQL）
，
CSP，
BQSP

Error-proofingsystem

RTDLS，LTDLS

Insulated

RTDZ，RNTDZPQLZ，QSPZ

Inspection

MTD，FTD-S，
STC2-G

DB，CDB-S，T，SF，F，CF，QF，CEM3-G

Semi-automatic
Monitoring system

QLLS，PQLLS，QSPLS，
SPLS，MPQL，
FH256MC, QSPCALS, FHSLS−A，AC, DAC

STC2-G-BT

Made to Order: with sensor CEM3-G-BT
Torque wrench with Display

Selection ofTightening Tools

Item
Application（3）Optimum capacity
Table 5-5. Case of tightening torque: 80 [N·m]
Table 5-4. Optimum capacity*Refer to eﬀective length of QL model (P.196)

Tightening torqueOptimum usage range(Against max. capacity)

NoteSuitability

Torque wrench
to useBelow 200 [N・m]40〜90%Can be used at max. capacity
if within 100 pcs. per day△Over 200 [N・m]

40〜70%

Mass

Hand force

Result

QL200N4

1.40［kg］ 200［N］

Heavy

○

QL140N

0.78［kg］ 250
［N］

Good

Note: The operator may feel fatigue if the wrench is used at close to the maximum capacity.
Also, the weight of the wrench will be unnecessarily heavy when it is used at low ranges.
The optimum capacity is to use under the target of around 70% of maximum capacity.

△QL100N40.68［kg］ 308［N］

Large handforce required

Example: When QL200N4 and the setting torque T = 80 [N·m], then◎TiLQL180N 1.00
［kg］ 160［N］

Light, small
hand force

Setting torque80
P (Hand force) =＝＝200［N］
Effective length 400÷1000

Technical Data71

Chapter

5-3

Selection of Tightening Tools

Selection of Power Torque Tools（１）Selection process① Power (air, electric, hydraulic)② Shape (hand-held, ﬁxed, head shape, reaction force support)③ Capacity (tightening torque value, tightening accuracy)④ Tightening time (rotations)
Table 5-6. Selection of power torque tools
AirHand-held
Without reaction
With reaction

ElectricHand-held
Without reaction
With reaction

Fixed

Auto stop by toggle With reaction arm to absorb Built-in to automatic equipment
Auto stop by toggle
mechanism Driven reaction during tightening Auto Auto stop by toggle mechanism
mechanism Driven
by pneumatic motor stop by toggle mechanism
Tightening completion signal by LS by electric motor

Structure
Main applications

Type comparison

Small screws
Medium screws
Large screws
General multi-purposetightening
Same screw large
quantity tightening
Rotation(auto speed change)
WeightNoise
Accuracy
Operation
ModelWith arm to absorb
reaction during
tightening

General tightening Tightening of medium Auto tightening of many units, General tightening Tightening of mediumof small screws
and large screws
or multiple axis tighteningof small screws
and large screws
◎
△××○
◎

○
◎
◎

◎
△××○
◎

○

○

×

○

○

△

△

◎

△

△

◎

○

◎（○）

○△

◎
○
○
○

○
△○
○

○
○（△）
○（◎）
◎○
◎
○○

△
○
○
○

U, AUR, ASAP

MG, MF, ME, MCHAT

DAP（2）Tightening times of tools
Table 5-7. Tightening time of various tools [sec. / piece]
Screw,tighteningtorqueM8（P1.25）
T＝22
［N・m］
（e＝10）

Screw joint
ManualNumber of Simultaneous Indicating
Click typethreadtighteningtype(QL50N)ridges[pieces](DB50N)

Power
Power + Manual
Semi automatic
Full automatic Impact wrench +(Air motor + click type in a body)
direct control
click type
(ASH40N)(QL50N)（AC50N） （AC100N）

10

1

9.6

8.0

3.2

5.4

4.0

3.5

104

7.2

6.5

1.9

3.02.3

2.3

161

14.6

12.6

4.6

7.3

6.7

5.6

164

12.5

10.6

2.5

4.0

4.0

3.6

In the test conditions, the screw is inserted into the tapped hole and the tool is placed on the table.
The time interval is measured from the start of tightening until the tightening has been completed and the tool has been returned to the table. For manual tools, you may tighten the screw with your ﬁngers.

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TECHNICAL DATA

5-4

Selection of Tightening Tools

Selection Standards of Tightening Tools
ChapterTable 5-8. Selection standards of tightening tools

Ⅰ. Screw joint

Name

Number, Degree of importanceSpeciﬁcation of screw●Important screw●Nominal（）●Head shape（Limit of strength●General screw）●Male screw ／Class of strength●Number of tightening threads（Female screw）Screw thread●Number of bolts tightened

Tightening torque（P＝（Tmax＝（Tolerance●Class,Washer●None／ Flat washer,

Spring washer

Surface treatment●None／

Parkerizing／

Plating （Zn、Cr、Lubrication●None／

machine oil／Wax-based oil,Number of bolts tightened●（）
Pieces/day （Time limit

Number of bolts tightened simultaneously●（）
Pieces

Coeﬃcient of joint●HardTightening space●Socket±（／）%／SoftUsable／

Not usable

Ⅱ. Tightening ToolType

Manual type

Model

●Click type／／

From the sidePowered／／））N・m））

molybdenum disulﬁdeSec/piece, None）））mm ●Swing（／）(Strong, Normal)（e＝）mm ●Around the bolt（●From the top●Manual）〜（Medium●On the bolt（Direction of tightening●T＝（） ●otal length（ ）mm

From the bottom

Manual + Powered

Indicating type／

Adjustable type, Preset type

Head type●Square drive ／ Open end head ／ Ring head ／ Fixed ratchet ／ Interchangeable head

Capacity (Ease-of-use)●T（Power●Compressed air Pressure（Power source）●weight（）kg●Overall length（）Mpa or above

Type●Portable

Number of rotations（Torque control method●Direct control（Graduations Non ／ scaled ）Capacity, shape
Tightening tool●T（／Fixed●Single Axis●／）V）N●HydraulicMultiple Axes）●Indirect control

Straight／Pistol●Maximum capacity／●No control

AngleTypeTime required for tightening●（）
sec／piece

Cost of tightening●（）$／piece

Accessories●Socket（×●Hose diameter（Technical Data

●Hand force（●Electric（）
r.p.m（at））mm）

5●Bit）

73

Selection ofTightening Tools

Chapter