DIPLOMACY
Vol.68, Jul./ Aug. 2021

Contents of Features

80

Message for Tokyo 2020

Now is the time to show the solidarity of international society
Philippe Setton (French Ambassador to Japan)

84

Message for Tokyo 2020

Refugee athletes moves people's hearts

Karen Farkas (UNHCR’s Representative in Japan)

TREND2021
90

Impact of the resolidification of G7: “Solidarity among democracies” and the China problem
For the first time in two years, the G7 Summit was held in-person. The outreach by South Korea, India, Australia and others,
which proceeded under the leadership of U.S. President Joe Biden and British Prime Minister Boris Johnson, also attractedattention.
Nobukatsu Kanehara (Doshisha University)

96

What is “foreign policy for the middle class”?: Biden administration is haunted by the shadows of “Trumpism”
The Biden administration is seeking to benefit the middle class through its foreign policy. However, it is caught in a quandary overthe impact that competition with China and alliance relationships has on the middle class.
James Schoff (Carnegie Endowment for International Peace)

102

Iran's presidential election and the future of the nuclear deal: Is there a way out of the stalled Vienna talks?
Iranian citizens have elected a conservative leader amidst economic distress. The author examines the U.S.-Iranian relationshipand looks at the possibility of rebuilding the nuclear agreement.
Kenta Aoki (Middle East Institute of Japan)

108 The unsteady start of Israel's eight-party coalition cabinet

The eight-party coalition cabinet has come together under the banner of anti-Netanyahu. Will Prime Minister Naftali Bennett beable to show leadership to stabilize the political situation?
Chie Ezaki (Defense Academy of Japan)

112 ASEAN’s failure in the Myanmar problem: Reasons of the negotiation failure and future prospects

Myanmar's military junta has ignored the ASEAN summit's "five-principle consensus" and strengthened ties with Russia tosecure political legitimacy. Can ASEAN normalize the situation through negotiations?
Nobuhiro Aizawa (Kyushu University)

118 Will international health governance improve? : WHO reform and vaccinations of developing countries

As vaccinations advance around the world, how can international health governance be improved? Is there a possibility ofreforming the WHO by coming to terms with the logic of politics and science?
Ayako Takemi (University of Tokyo, WHO)

122 Ninth Pacific Islands Leaders Meeting: Issues in Pacific Island Nations and Japan's contribution

China's influence is expanding in the Pacific Island countries. What Japan needs to do is to support sustainable development
through cooperation through the development of institutions.
Noriyuki Segawa (Kindai University)

128 After being involved in the "Uyghur Problem" for ages (Final)

The Chinese government's clampdown on the Uyghurs is becoming increasingly severe. What should the international
community and Japan do?
Naoko Mizutani (Meiji University)

Special Feature:

The scope of “economic security”
6

Cover Story Interview

There's an urgent need to establish "strategic autonomy" and "strategic indispensability":
Economic security strategy for a DX Society
Akira Amari (Member of the House of Representatives)

14

On contemporary economic security

22

Talks of economic security may lead to the destruction of “free trade regime”

28

Aspects of economic security explained by experts: export control“Economic security” is about protecting people’s safety and value through economic means. Human rights issues are also being
covered under economic security. What should Japan do?
Kazuto Suzuki (University of Tokyo)
Mutual distrust between U.S. and China as well as China and the Western countries are rapidly shrinking the free trade system.
Can the “trading nation Japan” survive under this new regime?
Toshiya Tsugami (Japan Institute of International Affairs)

Key to rule-making is minimizing Japanese companies’ risks

The Wassenaar Arrangement is the international trade control regime that took over COCOM. Mr. Hosokawa, who was involvedin the launch of the agreement as the Director of Export Control Division of the Ministry of International Trade and Industry (MITI),
talks about the behind-the-scenes process of rule-making.
Masahiko Hosokawa (Meisei University)

34

Aspects of economic security explained by experts: business in China“China risk” for Chinese companies

As China begins to transform its industrial structure towards one that is centered on domestic demand, decoupling is becoming
more acute, but it is also becoming a "risk" for Chinese companies.
Kota Takaguchi (Journalist)

40

TSMC, the semiconductor champion, holds the key to East Asia’s economic security

44Can economic security and innovation coexist?

TSMC, the reigning semiconductor foundry giant, has decided to join the "U.S. camp" in the midst of the U.S.-China conflict. Its
decisions will likely affect the international political economy in the future.
Shuhei Yamada (Nikkei Shimbun)
Focusing on the conflict over the high-tech sector that is heating up due to U.S.-China competition, this article examines therelationship between economic security and innovation.
Kazuyuki Motohashi (University of Tokyo)

FOCUS◎Centennial of the Chinese Communist Party50Roundtable: Centennial of the Communist Party of China – Xi Jinping administration seen from ahistorical perspective

General Secretary Xi Jinping is said to have been promoting the concentration of power in the hands of few individuals. However,his policies are deeply imprinted with decades of reform and opening-up and the search for "internal democracy" within the party.
Yuji Miyamoto (Former Ambassador to China)
Kumiko Okazaki (Canon Institute for Global Studies)
Shin Kawashima (University of Tokyo)

62

The governance structure of “information authoritarian country”: China’s industrial policy and the private
sectorChina uses "information" to govern the nation. While completely controlling personal information and guiding public opinion
through censorship of social networking services, China has also developed a legal system to ensure legality in its industrial policy.
Kai Kajitani (Kobe University)