PFS 進捗報告
Prime Focus Instrument “PFI”

田村直之 (Kavli IPMU)& PFSコラボレーション“Cobra” engineering model module

Camera cryostat
Spectrograph system
Fiber connectors

光赤天連シンポジウム＠国立天文台三鷹、2015 年 9 月 14 日

The “SuMIRe” project

Subaru Measurement of Images and Redshifts

HSC + PFS

Exploiting the ~1.5 deg field of view on the prime
focus of the 8.2m Subaru Telescope.
 Wide-field imager “Hyper-Suprime Cam (HSC)”HSCPFS

CCD array

Fiber array ~0.9 billion pixels
 300 nights in 2014--2018
 1400 sq. degrees, ~1B galaxiesWide-field multi-object spectrometer “PrimeFocus Spectrograph (PFS)” 2400 optical fibers
 300? nights from 2019?
 ~4M galaxy redshifts
 ~1M stars in MW, M31, dSphs.

SDSS-like survey at z>1 & Galactic Archaeology toaddress cosmic evolution & dark sector.
 Enables Subaru to be a world-leading facility out
to the next decade making effective synergy
with TMT, SPICA, LSST, JWST, Euclid, WFIRST, etc.
“PFS” – Fast facts• Subaru Prime Focus Spectrograph– Wide field: ~1.3 deg diameter– Highly multiplexed: 2400 fibers– Quick fiber reconfiguration: ~60 sec (TBC)– Optical-NIR coverage: 380-1260nm simultaneously• Developed by international collaboration, under theinitiative of Kavli IPMU
• Cosmology, Galaxy/AGN evolution, Galactic Archaeology
as the key science areas in the PFS collaboration• Aiming to start science operation from 2019, as a facility
instrument on Subaru.
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PFS project top-level schedule“SM-N”: Nth Spectrograph Module“MCS”: Metrology Camera System“PFI”: Prime Focus Instrument“CAB”: Fiber Cable on Telescope

MCS CDR (Sep)
PFICDRCAB review(Nov?)

20152016

Subsystem DEL & AIT at Subaru
SM-1, 2 AIT

DEL SM-3, 4

DEL SM-1, 2 CAB
PFI?

MCS

2017

SM-3, 4 AIT

2018

Construction, subsystem integration & test
System integration

2019

Science
operationOn-sky commissioning
4The Competition: Schedules
Note: The schedules of the competitors are represented by their starts of science
operation based on the information in the official websites etc.
MOONS: GA and galaxy surveys(FL 2019, Op 2020?-)
DESI: Cosmology(FL 2018 end, Op early 2020-)

WEAVE: GA(FL 2017, Op 2018-)

4MOST: GA & galaxy surveys(FL 2020, Op 2021?-)eBOSS/HETDEX: cosmology

EUCLID: cosmology

HSC SSPPFSCONSTRU
CTION2017

PFS
COMMISSIONING20182019

PFS SCIENCE OPS (both PI-type & SSP)

2020

2021

2022

2023

2024

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PFS science team activities & timeline• Takada et al. 2014, PASJ: A summary of the survey design
studies & top-level requirements to the instrument by thetime of PDR.
• Semi-regular discussions in the working groups and by theworking group chairs.
• Coordinating the survey strategies of the three key science
programs under one big umbrella.
• Preliminary timeline:• 2015: Maturing survey strategies and drafting an SSP proposal.
Project-wide discussions at the collaboration meeting in Dec• 2016: Continuing the above and brush up the draft.
These procedure• 2017: Proposal submission. Start of review process.
& timeline are TBC,
• 2018 – early 2019: Tweaking the survey details having under discussions
inputs from engineering observations  Delta review at SAC etc• Mid-late 2019: Start of science operation & SSP
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PFS science meetings• AGN ワークショップ(5/18-19＠国立天文台)• サイエンスワークショップ(7/9-11＠国立天文台)• 銀河ワークショップ(11/13＠Kavli IPMU)PFS galaxy WS at Kavli IPMU(Nov, 13 2015)

Science WS at NAOJ HQin Tokyo (Jul 2015)• PFS は Kavli IPMU 主導で開発中のすばるの観測装置。
• ぜひ一緒に PFS SSP の牽引を。
• 今後も日本で研究会を開催していこうと思いますので、ご参加よろしくお願いします。

PFS subsystems distribution… in Prime focus unit
“POpt2” with Wide Field
Corrector “WFC”.
Spectrographsystem (SpS)On the TUE floor

POpt2 & WFC will beshared with Hyper
Suprime Cam (HSC).
Software system(Calibration system)

Prime Focus Instrument (PFI)
Sits in the prime focus unit “POpt2” and installed to the telescope•••••••Fiber positioner system
Acquisition & Guide (AG) camera
Fiber cable: “Cable C” & fixed fiducial fibers
Fiducial fiber illuminator
Field element (cf. Filter+dewar window@HSC)
Cable wrapper
Calibration lamp system

HSC builder’s blog
http://anela.mtk.nao.ac.jp/hscblog/builder/

PFI CDR (Mar 10-11, at Caltech)• Review board– External x 6: T. Huang (ASIAA), F. Leger (Washington), K.
Seaman (JPL), M. Colavita (JPL), R. Foehner (JPL), K. Aaron (JPL)– Internal x 4: N. Takato (NAOJ), J. Gunn (Princeton), G. Murray(Durham), N. Tamura (Kavli IPMU, chair)• The JPL-Caltech team successfully passed the fiber
positioner system delta CDR on Jun 22.
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PFI CDR (Mar 10-11, at Caltech)• “PFI” – Prime Focus Instrument
Fiber positioner system, Fiber cable,mechanical structure, AG cameras,
Calibration lamp system, …

Engineering model module• Fiber positioner “Cobra”– On-going work on the durability issue.
– Mass production will start soon.

• PFI delivery to Subaru in 2017 (TBC)

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Metrology Camera SystemTo image all backlit fibers at one exposure andmeasure the current fiber positions at the prime focus.

Focal plane

FibersWide-fieldcorrector

Cs holePrimary
mirror
HSC builder’s blog
http://anela.mtk.nao.ac.jp/hscblog/builder/Met. Cam. System in thegeneral purpose Cs container

Metrology Camera System• 380mm aperture Schmidt type• Mech. design is being finalized.
• CANON 50M pixel CMOS sensor– 8960 × 5778, 3.2um pixel– 28.67 × 18.49mm– ~3 sec per iteration (depending onexposure time)• Dome seeing measurement using
FMOS & test camera

Critical Design Review: 9/22-23@ASIAA+TV

Spectrograph System (SpS)
CDR completedin Mar 2014

“Red”

Mid. Res mode in the red arm“NIR”“Blue”

Bench size:
1.9m x 2.4m

SpS – What’s happening nowWinlight

JHU

One channel
Integration

ManginCollimator

Cryostat assembly, pump-down
and cool-down before shippingFirst red camera arrivalfrom Winlight

LAM

First fiber slit assembly arrivalfrom LNA and installed on theoptical bench with Hexapod.

SpS: Configuration at Subaru
4x spectrograph modules (SM) are accommodated
in a temperature-controlled clean room.

Clean room

“IR4” floor“IR3” floor
IR-side Nasmyth floor(not shown here)

T. Tamura+ (Subaru)

試験計画
装置システム装置システムソフトウェア

ソフトウェアプロジェクトオフィス

試験計画
サブシステムサブシステムソフトウェア

ソフトウェア“Flowdown/Cascade”
要件定義、割り付け、設計

Integration & test
製造、確認、統合、試験

パーツ、部品ソフトウェア
現在時間

Can be done w/ Eng. fibers
Can be done daytime
Need night runs
Need attention

Abbreviations

12/2017
Cable B ready

EL: Elevations
MC: Metrology Camera
PFI: Prime Focal Instrument
ROA: Rotation Angle
SCR: Spectrograph Clean Room
SM: Spectrograph Module
SpS: Spectrograph Subsystem
TPA: Telescope Pointing Analysis

2/2018
PFI ready

7/2016
ICS system ready
6/2016FMOS decommission

システム統合及び試験観測計画立案
01/04/2015

01/07/2015

01/10/2015

01/01/2016

01/04/2016

01/07/2016

2/2017MCS Ready

01/10/2016

01/01/2017

11/2017
SM1,2 ready

01/04/2017

01/07/2017

2/2017 - 7/2017
MCS commission (M-xx)

01/10/2017

2/2018Engeneering FL

01/01/2018(M-2)
MC installation toTelescope

7/2018SM3,4 ready

01/04/2018

01/10/2018

01/07/2018

01/01/2019

01/04/2019

01/07/2019

01/10/2019

11/2017 - 4/2018
SM1,2 commission (S-xx)
8/2018 - 10/2018
AM3,4l commission (S-xx)

MCS only(M-1)
Off-telescope
characterization andcheck basic function of
MCS

2/2019Science FL?

2/2018 - 7/2018
PFI commission (P-xx)(M-3)
Check basic function of
MC on Telescope

8/2018 - 1/2019
All System commission (A-xx)(M-4)
verify MCS function bymeasuring fibre positionof FMOS

Repeat at different observing runs and check stability against PFI and POpt2 installation

read detector

PFI and MCS

PFI only(P-1)
Off-telescope
characterization andcheck basic function of
PFI

power, network,
lamp, rotator,
sensor(P-2)
PFI installation to POpt2and POpt2 installation toTelescope(P-3)
Check basic function ofPFI (back-illumination,Cobras & AG cameras) on
Telescope(P-4)
Measurement of PFI x/yoffset w.r.t the rotatoraxis(P-5)
Measurement of PFI z
offset and tilt from thenominal position(probably hard)with backillumination ofscience/fiducial
fibers, measurerotator center (Xrot,Yrot) in MC(P-6)
Measure MC-PFI
distortion by imaging
backlit fibers by MC(P-7)
Point Telescope to brightstar(s). Try focusing AGcamera and check image
quality & focal plane tilt

Repeat at various EL
and ROA tocharacterize thedependency

Using defocused
image, check andcorrect shift/tilt of
WFC w.r.t M1(P-8)
Validate auto guiding
function(P-9)
Carry out 1-/5- point TPA(P-10)
Repeat (P-9) at various EL
and ROA. Tweak Hexapod
operation if necessary(P-11)
Carry out 5-/32- point
TPA(P-14)
Slew Telescope to a fieldof bright stars. take“deep” exposures (~1030s?) by AG cameras tomale 1st -pass distortion
map

Validate Telescope
pointing, target
acquisition and autoguiding functions.

execute MA ifneeded

Validate Telescope
pointing, target
acquisition and auto
guiding functions.

Repeat on various
fields to refine the
1st -pass distortion
map as functions ofEL and ROA

All systems

SpS only

森谷、矢部、田村他 Project Office,PFS team

(S-1)
Check basic function of
SCR and SM(S-2)
Check focus on thedetector of Cal. lamp

(S-3)
Check PSFs on thedetector using Arc lamp

(S-4)
Check spectral distortion
on the detector using Flatlamp(S-5)
Measure throughput ofSpS itself using Black
Body Lamp

Cool SCR andcryostats, and checkbasic functions
under lowtemperaturecheck image quality
and confirm stability
and repeatability byrepeatingtemperature cycle• Developing this chart exploiting experiences on FMOS
• Individual processes will be matured with:• Inputs from previous processes or subsystem tests• Step-by-step procedure & required tools for analyses etc.
• Success criteria to go to the next process(F-1)
Illuminate each fiberfrom Cable A and checkthe position of thecorresponding cobra
using MC

(A-1)
Calibrate the distanceb/w AG cameras andfiducial fibers bytelescope raster scanaround fiducial fibers(A-2)
Configure fibers on brightstars and do telescoperaster scan to make the
2nd -pass distortion mapp

(A-3)
Configure fibers on ascience field for
performance verification(A-4)
Configure fibers on ascience field for sicentificverification

Repeat on various
fields to refine the
2nd -pass distortion
map as functions ofEL and ROA. Check
dependence on Tand lambda

Measure total
throughput

using F star, validate
flux calibration

check sky
subtraction andestimate theaccuracytake long-time
exposure and checkqualityPFS website http://pfs.ipmu.jp
The impressive PFS movie!

Asking donation!

Project top-level schedule,history, & upcoming events• Instrument
parameters• Estimatedthroughput& on-skyperformance• Main contents areprepared for nonexperts.
• Collaboration withIPMU PIO team isin the scope.
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PFS blog http://pfs.ipmu.jp/blog/• Started just a month ago!
• Both English and Japanese.
• Trying regular updates at meetings, milestones, etc, with photos.

20Funding situation• Good news! The Murayama et al.’s application toGrant-in-Aid for Scientific Research on Innovative
Areas (科研費新学術) has been approved!
 $~1.5-2M for the PFS development!!
 Shortfall still remains ~several millions $ (TBC)
including contingency …
• Contributions from new partners: There are a few(promising) candidates.
• Other funding applications:– Budget request for PFS to Ministry/Government via U. Tokyo(概算要求)– NSF MSIP proposal has been submitted by the US team.
21– Grand-in-Aid (科研費) applications again this year

Summary about PFS• 概念設計評価 (2012)、基本設計評価 (2013)• 詳細設計評価

PFI CAD model– 3014/03 分光器, 2015/03 主焦点装置, 2015/09 メトロロジ
カメラ, 2015/TBD 望遠鏡用ファイバーケーブル• Now finalizing the design studies and proceedingwith production, integration & test.
PFI focal plane

Cryostat“Cobra” positioner module
CAD model

Integration

Optics• Aiming at engineering observation from early 2018 &science operation from mid-late 2019.
• SSP サーベイ計画詳細検討中。ぜひご参加を！
• Unique capability of Subaru for unique science via
Individual “Cobra”
synergy w/ TMT, SPICA, LSST, JWST, Euclid, WFIRST. positioners

Refer to PFS web & blog for more detailed
information and updates.

“Cobra” engineeringmodel module22