APEX International Conference 2019

SDGs × Appropriate Technology × Asia

Center for SustainableDevelopment Studies ofToyo University and SDGs
Director of Center for Sustainable Development Studies

Hidetoshi Kitawaki

ABOUT US
Center for Sustainable Development Studies,
Toyo University (CESDES; 東洋大学国際共生社会研究センター)
Research Organization• Research member：12• Visiting researchers in Japan and overseas：20• Research assistants (RA)：10

Director

Evaluation
Committee

Hidetoshi Kitawaki

Operating Organization
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Experts

DeputyDirectorGeneral meeting for decision-making
Secretariat meeting for operation
ResearchMember
External evaluation committee
Research associate：1
Visiting
Researcher
Assistant：1

Ryo Matsumaru

ResearchAssociate

12201RA
10Assistant
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BACKGROUND
Previous Researches regarding SDGs
• Many researches and books on the idea of SDGs
• Many study methods for formulating macroeconomic policies• Japan focuses on SDGs as “Environmental issues around us”• Serious environmental problems and poverty alleviation need tobe focused on in developing countries
Practical improvement of the living environment rooted indeveloping countries is necessary

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PURPOSE• Improving the living environment in developing countries is themost important aspect of human security• SDGs must be achieved in infrastructure construction, economy,and social aspects• Return previous knowledge to the field• Integration of research with international contributions• Improvement of living environment in developing countries inAsia, Africa, Latin America, and the Pacific• Conducting researches to link each SDGs
Community
Social
WelfareEducation
Collaboration

Environment

DisasterManagement
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VISION
Enhancement of Human Security Through Improvementof Living Environment in Developing Countries－TOYO SDGs Global 2020-2030-2037－

TOYO SDGs Global
Beyond 2020 … andSDGs Achievement -2030 … towards “Beyond SDGs”
150th Anniversary of Toyo University -2037

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FEATURES• Interdisciplinary Team• Visiting researchers in Japan and overseas• Vision of “Beyond2020”(1) Global Research, (2) International order Formation,(3) Development of Leaders• Establishment of new approaches to International
development• Acquisition of external funds• Cooperation among industry, government and academia• Cooperation with international graduate students fromdeveloping countries and JOCV• Development of overseas contracted schools and joint
research (e.g. Jomo Kenyatta University of Agriculture andTechnology in Kenya, University of the South Pacific in Oceania,
University of Sao Paulo in Brazil)
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ACHIEVEMENTS
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Implementation of SDGs Verification Research Project•••2

One research project each in Asia, Africa, and Latin America
Five cases of external funding, including science andresearch expenses
Three international cooperation projects in collaboration withJICA, etc.

Publication of research results
Publication of two books on practical experience of SDGs
(November 2019 and September 2021)• 20 papers published in SCOPUS (including visiting researchers)• Newsletter (Three Japanese and two English reports peryear)• International symposiums and Workshop• Website update•3

Development of young researchers•••

2 - 3 doctorates awarded annuallyEmployment of 10 Research Assistants (RA)Employment of PD
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OUR ONGOING RESEARCH

Education

Social Welfare

Poverty
Reduction

Community

Urban
PlanningWaste

Management

Disaster

CESDESInfrastructure

PublicWorks

HumanSecurity

Management

Water
Environment

IoT

8CASE 1：Solid Waste Management
Stages of Development of Solid Waste Management (SWM)
Stage 1

SWM is at a primitive stage in which public sector is not
involved

Stage 2

Systematic waste collection is introduced but final disposalsites are not controlled

Stage 3

Sanitary landfill is implemented but candidate sites
becomes scarce

Stage 4

Intermediate treatment is introduced and separate
collection becomes necessary

Stage 5Maturation of society causes complicatedtechnical/sociological problems in SWM

Stage 6

Material-cycle society with 3Rs becomes target of SWM
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CASE 1：Solid Waste Management
Stage 1••••

SWM is at a primitive stage in which public sector isnot involved

Public sector is not involved
Self-disposal and recycling by waste pickers
Discharge rates still low
Disposal at open spaces near living quarters(Honduras,1998)

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CASE 1：Solid Waste Management
Stage 2

Systematic waste collection is introduced but final
disposal sites are not controlled• Increase in solid waste discharge amount• Organized collection by hand carts and vehicles• Open dumping causes problems such as open burning, odor,
leachate, vectors and rodents etc.

(Mozambique, 2016)(Botswana, 2016)

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CASE 1：Solid Waste Management
Stage 3

Sanitary landfill is implemented but candidate sites
becomes scarce• A sanitary landfill will be introduced where waste is covered withsoil and leachate is collected and treated to prevent waterpollution(Dominica Republic, 2006)(Cambodia, 2003)

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CASE 1：Solid Waste Management
Stage 4

Intermediate treatment is introduced and separate
collection becomes necessary• Reduction of disposal rates required• Treatment systems are introduced(Japan, 2008)
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CASE 1：Solid Waste Management
Stage 5Maturation of society causes complicated technical /sociological problems in SWM• Industrialization changes solid waste quality
NIMBY

Not In My BackYard

LULUS

Locally Unwanted Land USes

BANANA

Build Absolutely Nothing Anywhere Near Anybody(Pakistan)(East Timor, 2005)

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CASE 1：Solid Waste Management
Stage 6Material-cycle society with 3Rs becomes target of SWM• As the slogan of 3R (Reduce, Reuse, Recycle), the concept ofwaste management changes from "Properly dispose of what hasoccurred" to "Reduce the amount of waste"(Japan, 2008)
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CASE 1：Solid Waste Management
Consideration Towards Sustainability
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Features and Constraints in Japanese ODA Schemes
Project Cycle Management
Government Structure and SWM Sector
Development of Japanese Experienced Personnel
Importance of "Soft Component“
Encouragement of Behavior Change
Change in People's Concept towards SWM
Tariff Collection
Use of Appropriate Technology
Not Adopt but Adapt
Withdrawal Strategy
Research Needs(Papua New Guinea)

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RESEARCH RESULTNEWSLETTER••First newsletter was published in 2002
The latest newsletter (Japanese：48th, English：31st)

English version

Japanese version
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RESEARCH RESULTBOOK「持続可能な開発目標と国際貢献 －フィールドから見たSDGs－」
第１章 持続可能な開発目標（SDGs）とは何か
第２章 経済開発とSDGs－民間主導のアフリカ経済－第３章 ソーシャルビジネスとSDGs－インフラ普及における有効性－
第４章 都市化とSDGs－都市化の肯定的利用手段としての建築物－
第５章 環境分野でのSDGsの達成に向けた国際貢献
第６章 防災とSDGs－ SDGsの礎として－第７章 ジェンダーとSDGs－女性のエンパワーメントと障壁に関する見解：
フィリピンにおける様々なコミュニティの女性リーダー－
第８章 社会的保護・社会保障とSDGs －拡大する社会的保護－第９章 すべての人に対する支援とSDGs－不可欠な障害者支援、スリランカを事例に－
第10章 観光開発とSDGs－環境保全と地域社会を基盤としたサステナブルツーリズム－
第11章 アフリカの開発とSDGs－アフリカにとっての持続可能な開発目標とアフリカ開発銀行の役割－
第12章 アフリカにおける農業と技術
第13章 マサイ・コミュニティとSDGs
第14章 持続可能な開発目標に対する国際共生社会研究センターの貢献

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RESEARCH RESULTBOOK「国際貢献とSDGs －持続可能な開発のフィールド－」
第1部 SDGs実現に向けた課題と枠組み
1. SDGsと国際貢献
2. アフリカにおける国際貢献とSDGs
3. ラテンアメリカにおける国際貢献とSDGs

第2部 SDGs実現に向けたフィールドからの取組
4. 中国における脱貧困事業とSDGs
5. 高等教育パートナーシップとSDGs
6. SDGs達成に必要不可欠なICT
7. 人材育成とSDGs
8. 社会的保護・社会保障とSDGs
9. SDGsと障害者支援
10. 都市コミュニティとSDGs
11. SDGsと水道整備

12. SDGsへ向けたクリーン・エネルギーのあり方
13. SDGsの達成を見据えた都市化のあり方
14. 本書のまとめ
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RESEARCH RESULTANNUAL REPORT•

Contents：(1) General information on Center for Sustainable Development Studies(2) Reports from each research member, visiting researcher and RA(3) Reports on symposiums and workshops held in a target year

Annual report in 201820

RESEARCH RESULTINTERNATIONAL SYMPOSIUM
Towards the Actualization of SDGs in Asia and Latin America- In Relation to Common Bonds between Brazil and Japan • Date：23 rd November, 2018
• Venue：Inoue Enryo Hall

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RESEARCH RESULTSYMPOSIUM
Enhancement of Human Security Through Improvement ofLiving Environment in Developing Countries－TOYO SDGs Global 2020-2030-2037－• Date：9 th October, 2019
• Venue：125 Memorial Hall

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RESEARCH RESULTSYMPOSIUM
International Contribution and Realization of SDGs
- Field of Sustainable Development • Date：22 nd November, 2019
• Venue：Sky Hall

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RESEARCH RESULTWORKSHOPS
Sustainable Development and International Contribution for African countries(2016)

Responsible Tourism for Sustainable Development (2016)24

RESEARCH RESULTWORKSHOPS
Toward International Collaborative Research between Jomo KenyattaUniversity of Agriculture and Technology and TOYO University (2017)

Sustainable Development and Tourism -A case from Cambodia (2017)25

RESEARCH RESULTWORKSHOPS
What Can We Do for Sustainable Development Sharing Experiences
between Kenya and Japan (2017)

Disaster Resilience and Recovery–Asian Experience and Research Opportunities in Italy– (2017)26

RESEARCH RESULTACADEMIC AGREEMENT•

Jomo Kenyatta University of Agriculture and Technology in Kenya (2017)

Signing ceremony

Meeting in Kenya
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RESEARCH RESULTACADEMIC AGREEMENT•

University of Sao Paulo in Brazil (2018)

Japan town in Brazil

Signing ceremony

Campus28

RESEARCH RESULTACADEMIC AGREEMENT•Tamaki Town in Mie Prefecture, Japan (2019)

Signing ceremony

Ise Newspaper (4 th July, 2019)

Internship forinternational students

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SCHEDULE

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Thank you for your attention