ᚑくᄢቇℂᎿቇ⎇ⓥႎ๔
J. Fac. Sci. Tech., Seikei Univ.
Vol.47 No.㧝(2010) pp.75-81៤Ꮺ㔚⹤ )25 ߩ⺋Ꮕ⸃ᨆߣ⺋Ꮕ❗ዊ߳ߩᔕ↪㧖㧖ዊ㜞 ૓᮸ ᐔ㊁ ⎇ੱ㧖࿃ 㓶੫ർῪ ➂ሶ㧖ᮘญ ᡽๺㧖Ꮉፒ ⑲ੑ㧖᧛਄ ੳᏆ㧖

Error analysis of the mobile phone GPS and its application
to the error reduction
Yuki ODAKA㧖, Kento HIRANO㧖, Yusuke IN㧖, Mayuko KITAZUME 㧖,Masakazu HIGUCHI㧖, Syuji KAWASAKI 㧖, and Hitomi MURAKAMI㧖ABSTRACT㧦In recent years, study of location identification by mobile phone has been attracting a lot ofattention. Especially, GPS contents of mobile phone are increasing for the purpose of various kinds ofapplications, such as games, navigations and etc. So far, many investigations have been carried out for
GPS performance by conventional GPS devices, but a few people study mobile phone GPS performance.
In this paper, we measured and examined the performance of mobile phone GPS using various types ofterminals of different venders under some environments. As for the performance improvement, we
propose an efficient method and evaluate it for the results including distance errors and direction errors ofGPS. The reduction methods for such errors applying the group characteristics of mobile phones are also
described.
Keywords㧦Mobile phone GPS, distance errors, direction errors, noise reduction, impulse noise  (Received March 25, 2010)㧝㧚ᐨ ⺰㧞㧚ታ㛎᭎ⷐ⃻࿷㧘៤Ꮺ㔚⹤ GPS ࠍ↪޿ߚࠦࡦ࠹ࡦ࠷ߪᕆㅦߦჇ߃

ᧄ⎇ⓥߢߪ㧘4 ␠ 5 ᯏ⒳ว⸘ 8 บߩ៤Ꮺ㔚⹤ࠍ↪޿ߡ 1ߡ߈ߡ߅ࠅ㧘࠽ࡆࠥ࡯࡚ࠪࡦࠪࠬ࠹ࡓ߿✕ᕆᤨ㧘ἴኂᤨߩ૏⟎ᖱႎߥߤ៤Ꮺ㔚⹤ GPS ߪᔅ㗇ᯏ⢻ߣߥߞߡ޿ࠆ‫ޕ‬ߎߩⷰὐ߆ࠄ㧘ᚒ‫ߪޘ‬៤Ꮺ㔚⹤ GPS ߩ⺋Ꮕ․ᕈࠍᄙ᭽ߥ

ಽߏߣߦ GPS ᷹ቯࠍⴕ߁ߎߣߢ㧘એਅߦ␜ߔ 3 ߟߩታ㛎ࠍⴕߞߚ‫ߩߎޕ‬ታ㛎ߦ↪޿ߚ៤Ꮺ㔚⹤ᯏ⒳෸߮บᢙߩ᭴
ᚑࠍ⴫ 1 ߦ␜ߔ‫ޕ‬᧦ઙߢ᷹ቯ㧘ቯ㊂࠺࡯࠲ࠍⓍߺ਄ߍߡ߈ߚ‫߫߃଀ޕ‬㧘Ԙታ㛎㧝៤Ꮺ㔚⹤ߩᣇⷺߦࠃࠆ⺋Ꮕ․ᕈ

ࠝ࡯ࡊࡦࠬࠞࠗ㧘ᑪ‛ߩਛߥߤ㧘᭽‫ߥޘ‬႐ᚲߢߩ⺋Ꮕ㊂ታ㛎 㧦หᦼᄖࠇߦࠃࠆ⺋Ꮕ㧔ࠗࡦࡄ࡞ࠬࡁࠗ࠭㧕ߩ⸃ᨆߩ․ᕈ㧘ԙߘࠇࠄ⺋Ꮕߩ஍ࠅߣߘߩផቯ㧘Ԛ⺋Ꮕ㊂ߩᤨ ታ㛎 㧦៤Ꮺ㔚⹤ )25 ⺋Ꮕߩ⟲․ᕈ㑆ౣ⃻ᕈ㧘ߥߤߢ޽ࠆ[1]-[3]‫⎇ߩߢ߹ࠇߎޕ‬ⓥ⚿ᨐࠃࠅ៤Ꮺ㔚⹤ GPS ߦߪ㧘޽ࠆ᧦ઙߢ㧘ᄢ߈ߥ⺋Ꮕ߇↢ߓࠆߎ߹ߚ㧘⺋Ꮕߩ▚಴ᣇᴺߣߒߡ㧘᷹ቯ࿾ὐߩ⌀୯ߣ៤Ꮺ㔚⹤ߢ᷹ቯߒߚ୯ߣߩᏅࠍ㧘࿑ 1 ߩࡅࡘࡌ࠾ߩ౏ᑼߦઍߣ߇᣿ࠄ߆ߦߥߞߚ‫ߢߎߘޕ‬ᚒ‫ߦࠄߐߪޘ‬㧘ߎࠇࠄ៤Ꮺ
㔚⹤ GPS ߩ⺋Ꮕ․ᕈࠍ᭽‫᧦ߥޘ‬ઙਅߢᬌ⸽ߒߚ‫ߦ․ޕ‬㧘
ⶄᢙᯏ⒳ࠍ⚵ߺวࠊߖߚ․ᕈ એ㒠⟲․ᕈߣ⒓ߔ ߣ㧘ߎ౉ߔࠆߎߣߢ▚಴ߒߚ[4]‫߅ߥޕ‬㧘⌀୯ߩ᳿ቯߦߟ޿ߡߪ㧘
Google ࡑ࠶ࡊࠨ࡯ࡆࠬࠃࠅෳᾖߒߚ୯ࠍ⌀୯ߣߒߚ‫ޕ‬ߩ⚿ᨐࠍ↪޿ߚ⺋Ꮕᷫዋᣇᴺߩᬌ⸛ࠍⴕߞߚ‫ޕ‬⴫ 㧚 ᯏ⒳  บߩ៤Ꮺ㔚⹤ߩᯏ⒳᭴ᚑ
㧖㧦ℂᎿቇ⎇ⓥ⑼ℂᎿቇኾ᡹ୃ჻ቇ↢㧖៤Ꮺ㔚⹤ᯏ⒳䊜䊷䉦䊷บᢙ㧦Ꮏቇ⎇ⓥ⑼㔚᳇㔚ሶኾ᡹ୃੌ↢㧖㧦ᖱႎ⑼ቇ⑼ቇㇱቇ↢㧖㧦ᖱႎ⑼ቇ⑼ඳ჻⎇ⓥຬ㧖㧦ᖱႎ⑼ቇ⑼ቴຬ⎇ⓥຬ
㧦ᖱႎ⑼ቇ⑼ᢎ᝼ (hi-murakami@st.seikei.ac.jp)㧖㧙㧙㽲㪘㪈㽳㪙㪈㽴㪚㪈㽵㪚㪊㽶㪛㪉࿑ 㧚⷏ᣇะߦࠃࠆ⺋Ꮕಽᢔ࿑࿑ 㧚ࡅࡘࡌ࠾ߩ〒㔌⸘▚ᑼᓟㅀߔࠆታ㛎㧝ߢߪ┵ᧃԘ-A ࠍ↪޿㧘ታ㛎 2㧘3 ߢߪ㧘

5 ᯏ⒳ 8 บߔߴߡߩ៤Ꮺ㔚⹤ߢታ㛎ࠍⴕߞߚ‫ޕ‬㧟㧚ታ㛎㧝㧦៤Ꮺ㔚⹤ߩᣇⷺߦࠃࠆ⺋Ꮕ․ᕈ
 ৻⥸⊛ߦ៤Ꮺ㔚⹤ߩ GPS ࠕࡦ࠹࠽ߪ㧘࡙࡯ࠩ࡯ߩ೑↪
ᆫ൓ࠍ⠨ᘦߒߡ޿ࠆߚ߼㧘࠺ࠖࠬࡊ࡟ࠗ஥ߩ਄┵ߦ㈩⟎ߐࠇߡ޿ࠆ‫ߢߎߘޕ‬㧘៤Ꮺ㔚⹤ߢ GPS ᷹૏ࠍⴕ߁㓙ߦᓧ࿑ 㧚ධᣇะߦࠃࠆ⺋Ꮕಽᢔ࿑ࠄࠇࠆ⺋Ꮕߪ㧘᷹ቯߔࠆะ߈ߦଐሽߔࠆ߆ߦߟ޿ߡ㧘ࠕࡦ࠹࠽ߩᣇⷺࠍ৻ቯᤨ㑆ߏߣߦ᧲⷏ධർߣᄌ߃㧘ࠝ࡯ࡊࡦࠬࠞࠗߥⅣႺߩ߽ߣߢ᷹ቯࠍⴕߞߚ‫ޕ‬ᰴߦ㧘ߘࠇࠄ⚿ᨐߦߟ޿ߡ㧘ᐔဋ⺋Ꮕߣ⺋Ꮕಽᢔ࿑ࠍ↪޿ߡᬌ⸽߅ࠃ߮⹏ଔࠍⴕߞߚ‫ޕ‬ታ㛎⚿ᨐࠍ⴫ 2 ߅ࠃ߮࿑ 2-1㨪࿑ 2-4 ߦ␜ߔ‫ޕ‬⴫ 㧚ᣇⷺߏߣߩ )25 ⺋Ꮕ㊂ᣇⷺ⺋Ꮕᐔဋ䋨䌭䋩ᦨᄢ⺋Ꮕ䋨䌭䋩ᦨዊ⺋Ꮕ䋨䌭䋩ಽᢔ᧲㪈㪊㪍㪉㪇㪐㪋⷏㪈㪋㪌㪍㪇㪈㪇㪐ධ㪈㪋㪋㪐㪈㪐㪐ർ㪈㪉㪈㪉㪉㪇㪐㪎࿑ 㧚ർᣇะߦࠃࠆ⺋Ꮕಽᢔ࿑ߎࠇࠄߩ⚿ᨐ߆ࠄ㧘৻ㇱᦨᄢ⺋Ꮕߦ⧯ᐓߩᏅߪ޽ࠆ߇㧘⺋Ꮕᐔဋ㧘ಽᢔࠍᲧセߔࠆߣ᧲⷏ධർߣ߽߶߷หߓ⚿ᨐߢ޽ࠆ‫ࠄ߆ߣߎߩߎޕ‬ᣇⷺߦࠃࠆ․ᕈᏅߪߥߊ㧘࡙࡯ࠩ࡯ߪ㧘᷹ቯߔࠆะ߈ߦଐሽߖߕ GPS ࠍ↪޿ߚ៤Ꮺ㔚⹤ࠨ࡯ࡆࠬࠍ૶߃ࠆߎߣ߇⏕⹺ߢ߈ߚ‫ޕ‬㧠㧚ታ㛎 㧦หᦼᄖࠇߦࠃࠆ⺋Ꮕ㧔ࠗࡦࡄ࡞ࠬࡁࠗ࠭㧕ߩ⸃ᨆ
 ࠗࡦࡄ࡞ࠬࡁࠗ࠭ߩ․ᕈ
ߎࠇ߹ߢᚒ‫ߪޘ‬㧘៤Ꮺ㔚⹤ߢߩ GPS ᷹૏ࠍᄙ᭽ߥ᧦ઙ
ߢⴕߞߡ߈ߚ߇[1]-[3]㧘ߘߩᄙߊߩ࠺࡯࠲ߩਛߦ⒘ߢߪ޽ࠆ߇ᢙ⊖ m ߆ࠄᢙජ m એ਄ߩ⺋Ꮕ߇ᬌ಴ߐࠇߚ‫ߎޕ‬࿑ 㧚᧲ᣇะߦࠃࠆ⺋Ꮕಽᢔ࿑㧙㧙ߩࠃ߁ߥᄢ߈ߥ⺋Ꮕߪ㧘GPS ߩ᦭↪ᕈࠍ⪺ߒߊૐਅߐߖϱϬϬϬࠆ‫ޕ‬ᚒ‫ߪޘ‬㧘ߘߩࠃ߁ߥ⺋Ꮕࠍ̈หᦼᄖࠇߦࠃࠆ⺋Ꮕ̉㧘
ϰϬϬϬ

߽ߒߊߪ㧘
̈ࠗࡦࡄ࡞ࠬࡁࠗ࠭̉ߣ⒓ߒߚ‫ߪߢߎߎޕ‬㧘ደౝ߅ࠃ߮ደᄖߢ 5 ᯏ⒳ 8 บߩ៤Ꮺ㔚⹤ߦኻߒߡ㧘หߓⅣ〒㔌⺋ᏅႺߢ㧘หᤨߦ㐳ᤨ㑆᷹ቯࠍⴕ޿㧘ฦࡔ࡯ࠞ࡯㧘ฦᯏ⒳ߢ

;ŵͿ ϮϬϬϬ

⊒↢ߔࠆࠗࡦࡄ࡞ࠬࡁࠗ࠭ߩ․ᕈࠍᬌ⸛ߒߚ‫ߎߦࠄߐޕ‬ϭϬϬϬϯϬϬϬϬߩࠗࡦࡄ࡞ࠬࡁࠗ࠭ߩૐᷫᣇᴺߦߟ޿ߡ߽⠨ኤߒߚ‫ޕ‬߹ߚ㧘⚂ 24 ᤨ㑆ಽߩ᷹ቯ⚿ᨐࠍ⛔วߒ⚥Ⓧ⏕₸ಽᏓࠍϬϯ͗ϮϬϲ͗ϰϬϭϬ͗ϬϬϭϯ͗ϮϬϭϲ͗ϰϬϮϬ͗ϬϬᤨ㑆;ŚͿ᳞߼㧘ࠗࡦࡄ࡞ࠬࡁࠗ࠭ߩ⊒↢ᤨ㑆ഀวࠍ⏕⹺ߒߚ‫ޕ‬એ࿑ 㧚┵ᧃԚ% ߦࠃࠆደౝߢߩࠗࡦࡄ࡞ࠬࡁ᷹ࠗ࠭ቯ⚿ᨐ

㒠㧘100m એ਄ߩ⺋Ꮕࠍࠗࡦࡄ࡞ࠬࡁࠗ࠭ߣቯ⟵ߒߚ‫ޕ‬ߎࠇࠄߩታ㛎ߢᓧࠄࠇߚ㧘ઍ⴫⊛ߥࠗࡦࡄ࡞ࠬࡁࠗ࠭․࿑ 3㧘࿑ 4 ࠃࠅ㧘៤Ꮺ㔚⹤ GPS ᷹ቯᤨߦ⿠߈ࠆࠗࡦࡄ

ᕈࠍ␜ߒߚ⚿ᨐߩ৻ㇱࠍ࿑ 3-1㧘࿑ 3-2 ߅ࠃ߮࿑ 4-1㧘࿑࡞ࠬࡁࠗ࠭ߪ㧘࿑ 3-1㧘࿑ 3-2 ߇␜ߔࠃ߁ߦ㧘หߓࡔ࡯ࠞ

4-2 ߦ␜ߔ‫ޕ‬࡯߆ߟหߓᯏ⒳ߢ޽ࠇ߫⊒↢ߔࠆ࠲ࠗࡒࡦࠣ߇߶߷ห৻
ߩ⚿ᨐߣߥࠆ‫ߚ߹ޕ‬㧘࿑ 4-1㧘࿑ 4-2 ߇␜ߔࠃ߁ߦ㧘ᯏ⒳

ϱϬϬϬ

ϰϬϬϬ

〒㔌⺋Ꮕ
;ŵͿ

߇⇣ߥࠇ߫㧘ߚߣ߃หߓࡔ࡯ࠞ࡯ߢ߽ࠗࡦࡄ࡞ࠬࡁࠗ࠭

ϯϬϬϬߩ⊒↢․ᕈߪᄢ߈ߊ⇣ߥࠆߎߣ߇⏕⹺ߢ߈ߚ‫ߚ߹ޕ‬㧘ࠗࡦࡄ࡞ࠬࡁࠗ࠭ߪ৻ᐲ⊒↢ߔࠆߣㅪ⛯ᕈ߇㜞޿ߎߣ߽⏕ϮϬϬϬ⹺ߢ߈ߚ‫ޕ‬ϭϬϬϬϬ ࠗࡦࡄ࡞ࠬࡁࠗ࠭ߩૐᷫᣇᴺ

ᤨ㑆䋨䌨䋩
Ϭ

ϯ͗ϮϬ

ϲ͗ϰϬ

ϭϬ͗ϬϬ

ϭϯ͗ϮϬ

ϭϲ͗ϰϬ

ϮϬ͗ϬϬ

 ߎߩࠃ߁ߥࠗࡦࡄ࡞ࠬࡁࠗ࠭ߩૐᷫᣇᴺߣߒߡ㧘n ὐ⒖േᐔဋᴺࠍ⠨᩺ߒߚ‫ޕ‬n ߩ୯ࠍ 3㧘5 ߣߒߚߣ߈ߩૐᷫ
ലᨐࠍ࿑ 5-1㨪࿑ 5-3 ߦ␜ߔ‫ޕ‬࿑ 5-1 ߪၮᧄ⊛ߥ⺋Ꮕ᷹ቯ࿑ 㧚┵ᧃԛ% ߦࠃࠆደౝߢߩࠗࡦࡄ࡞ࠬࡁࠗ࠭

⚿ᨐ㧘࿑ 5-2㧘࿑ 5-3 ߪ࿑ 5-1 ߩ⚿ᨐߦ㧘ߘࠇߙࠇ 3 ὐ߅᷹ቯ⚿ᨐ ┵ᧃԛ% ߣห৻ᯏ⒳ 

ࠃ߮ 5 ὐ⒖േᐔဋಣℂߒߚ⚿ᨐߢ޽ࠆ‫ޕ‬ϱϬϬϬϱϬϬϬϰϬϬϬ〒㔌⺋Ꮕ〒㔌⺋Ꮕ;ŵͿϰϬϬϬϯϬϬϬϮϬϬϬϯϬϬϬ;ŵͿ ϮϬϬϬϭϬϬϬϭϬϬϬϬᤨ㑆䋨䌨䋩Ϭϯ͗ϮϬϲ͗ϰϬϭϬ͗ϬϬϭϯ͗ϮϬϭϲ͗ϰϬϮϬ͗ϬϬ࿑  ┵ᧃԛ% ߦࠃࠆደౝߢߩࠗࡦࡄ࡞ࠬࡁࠗ࠭ϬϬϯ͗ϮϬϲ͗ϰϬϭϬ͗ϬϬϭϯ͗ϮϬϭϲ͗ϰϬϮϬ͗ϬϬϮϯ͗ϮϬᤨ㑆;ŚͿ࿑ 㧚┵ᧃԛ% ߦࠃࠆደౝߢߩ᷹ቯ⚿ᨐ᷹ቯ⚿ᨐ ┵ᧃԛ% ߣห৻ᯏ⒳ ϱϬϬϬϱϬϬϬϰϬϬϬϰϬϬϬ〒㔌⺋Ꮕ〒㔌⺋ᏅϯϬϬϬϯϬϬϬ;ŵͿ ϮϬϬϬ;ŵͿ ϮϬϬϬϭϬϬϬϭϬϬϬϬϬϯ͗ϮϬϲ͗ϰϬϭϬ͗ϬϬϭϯ͗ϮϬϭϲ͗ϰϬϮϬ͗ϬϬϬᤨ㑆;ŚͿϭϮϬϭϰϬϭϲϬϭϴϬϭϭϬϬϭϭϮϬϭϭϰϬϭᤨ㑆;ŚͿ࿑ 㧚┵ᧃԛ% ߦࠃࠆደౝߢߩࠗࡦࡄ࡞ࠬࡁࠗ࠭࿑ 㧚┵ᧃԛ% ߦࠃࠆ᷹ቯ⚿ᨐ㧔࿑㧡㧙㧝㧕ߦ  ὐ᷹ቯ⚿ᨐ⒖േᐔဋᴺࠍⴕߞߚ⚿ᨐ㧙㧙ߎࠇࠄߩ⚥Ⓧ⏕₸ಽᏓߩ⚿ᨐࠃࠅ㧘ࠗࡦࡄ࡞ࠬࡁࠗ࠭ϱϬϬϬ߇⊒↢ߔࠆഀวߪ㧘ደᄖ㧘ደౝߘࠇߙࠇߩᤨ㑆₸ߢ 0.2%㧘
3.5%ߣߥߞߚ‫ޕ‬ደᄖߢߪ 0.2%ߣ޿߁ૐ޿⊒↢㗫ᐲߢ޽ߞϰϬϬϬ〒㔌⺋ᏅϯϬϬϬߚ߇㧘ደౝߢߪࡑ࡞࠴ࡄࠬ╬ߩ⺋Ꮕⷐ࿃ߩߚ߼㧘ደౝࠃ
ࠅ߽ 10 ୚એ਄ߩ߆ߥࠅᄙ޿⊒↢㗫ᐲߢ޽ߞߚ‫ޕ‬;ŵͿ ϮϬϬϬϭϬϬϬ )25 ⺋Ꮕ․ᕈߩቯᑼൻ
8 บߩ៤Ꮺ㔚⹤ߢߎࠇ߹ߢ᷹ቯߒߚደᄖ࠺࡯࠲ߦၮ߈㧘ϬϭϮϬϭϰϬϭϲϬϭϴϬϭ

ϭϬϬϭϭϮϬϭϭϰϬϭ

ᤨ㑆;ŚͿGPS ⺋ᏅಽᏓߩቯᑼൻࠍⴕߞߚ‫ߩߘޕ‬ᚻᴺߣߒߡߪ㧘߹࿑ 㧚┵ᧃԛ% ߦࠃࠆ᷹ቯ⚿ᨐ㧔࿑㧡㧙㧝㧕ߦ  ὐ⒖േᐔဋᴺࠍⴕߞߚ⚿ᨐߕ㧘GPS ⺋Ꮕ㗫ᐲߩ⏕₸ࠍ〒㔌⺋Ꮕ೎ߦ᳞߼㧘ߘߩ㑐ଥࠍࠣ࡜ࡈߢ⴫⃻ߒߚ‫ޕ‬ᰴߦ㧘ߎߩㄭૃᦛ✢ߪ㧘એਅߩᑼ(1)ߩࠟࡦࡑಽᏓ⏕₸ኒᐲ㑐ᢙߢㄭૃߢ߈ࠆ߽ߩߣᗐቯߒ 㧘ࠟ ࡦ ࡑ ಽ Ꮣ ⏕ ₸ ኒ ᐲ 㑐 ᢙ ߩ ࡄ ࡜ ࡔ ࡯ ࠲ α 㧘β ࠍ ࿑ 5-1㨪࿑ 5-3 ߆ࠄ㧘n ὐ⒖േᐔဋᴺࠍㆡᔕߔࠆߎߣߢ
ࠗࡦࡄ࡞ࠬࡁࠗ࠭ߩᦨᄢ୯ࠍᄢ߈ߊૐᷫߢ߈ࠆߎߣࠍ┙

ᦨዊੑਸ਼ᴺߦࠃࠅ᳿ቯߒߚ‫ޕ‬⸽ߒߚ‫ ߩߎޕ‬n ὐ⒖േᐔဋᴺߩ n ߩ୯ࠍᄢ߈ߊߔࠆߎߣf ( x, α , β ) = x α −1e − x / β (1 / β α Γ (α )) ࡮࡮࡮࡮(1)ߎߎߢ Γ (α ) ߪࠟࡦࡑ㑐ᢙࠍ⴫ߔ‫ޕ‬ߢૐᷫലᨐߪߐࠄߦ㜞߹ࠆ߇㧘⺋Ꮕ㊂߇ᤨ㑆ᣇะߦ᜛ᢔ
ߔࠆ‫߼ߚߩߘޕ‬㧘ࠗࡦࡄ࡞ࠬࡁࠗ࠭߇ㅪ⛯ߢ⊒↢ߒߡ޿ࠆ႐วߢߪ㧘ૐᷫലᨐߪዊߐ޿‫ޕ‬

ᦨዊੑਸ਼ᴺߩ⸘▚ᣇᴺߣߒߡߪ㧘GPS ⺋Ꮕ߇ xk [m]ߢ޽ ࠆ ⏕ ₸ ࠍ yk ߣ ߒ 㧘 ߎ ࠇ ࠄ ߩ ୯ yk ߣ ㄭ ૃ ᦛ ✢ ࠗࡦࡄ࡞ࠬࡁࠗ࠭⊒↢₸f ( xk , α , β ) ߣߩᏅ⇣ d k = ( y k − f ( xk ,α , β )) 2 㧘 ⛯޿ߡ㧘ደᄖ㧘ደౝߦ߅ߌࠆࠗࡦࡄ࡞ࠬࡁࠗ࠭⊒↢₸ߦߟ޿ߡ㧘⚥Ⓧ⏕₸ಽᏓ߅ࠃ߮⏕₸ኒᐲߩ᷹ቯ⚿ᨐࠍ࿑
6-1㧘࿑ 6-2 ߦ␜ߔ‫ޕ‬㨗㧩1㧘2㧘࡮࡮㧘100 ߩว⸘ߢ޽ࠆᰴᑼ

S = ∑ d k = ∑ ( yk − f ( xk ,α , β ))2ϭϬ͘ϵϬ͘ϴ

100

100k =1k =1ߩ୯߇ᦨዊߦߥࠆࠃ߁ߥ α 㧘 β ࠍቯ߼ࠆ‫ ޕ‬S ࠍ α 㧘 βϬ͘ϳϬ͘ϲ⏕₸ߩ ߘ ࠇ ߙ ࠇ ߢ ஍ ᓸ ಽ ߒ 㧘 ߘ ࠇ ࠄ ࠍ ∂S / ∂α = 0 㧘Ϭ͘ϱ⚥Ⓧ⏕₸ಽᏓ∂S / ∂β = 0 ߣ⟎ߊߎߣߢᓧࠄࠇࠆㅪ┙ᣇ⒟ᑼߢ⸃ߊϬ͘ϰϬ͘ϯ⏕₸ኒᐲߎߣߦࠃߞߡ α 㧘 β ߇᳞߹ࠆ‫⚿ޕ‬ᨐࠍ࿑ 7 ߦ␜ߔ‫ޕ‬Ϭ͘ϮϬ͘ϭϬ〒㔌⺋Ꮕ;ŵͿϬϮϬϰϬϲϬϴϬϭϬϬϬ͘ϭϬ͘Ϭϵ࿑ 㧚)25 ⺋Ꮕߩ⚥Ⓧ⏕₸ಽᏓ ደᄖ Ϭ͘ϬϴϬ͘Ϭϳ⊒↢⏕₸ϭϬ͘ϵϬ͘ϴϬ͘ϳϬ͘ϲϬ͘ϬϲϬ͘Ϭϱ⺋Ꮕ㗫ᐲϬ͘Ϭϰㄭૃᦛ✢Ϭ͘Ϭϯ⏕₸Ϭ͘ϬϮϬ͘ϱ⚥Ⓧ⏕₸ಽᏓϬ͘ϰϬ͘ϬϭϬ⏕₸ኒᐲϬ͘ϯϬ͘Ϯ〒㔌⺋Ꮕ;ŵͿϬϭϬϮϬϯϬϰϬϱϬϲϬϳϬϴϬϵϬϭϬϬϬ͘ϭϬϬϮϬϰϬϲϬϴϬϭϬϬ

〒㔌⺋Ꮕ;ŵͿ࿑ 㧚⺋Ꮕߩ㗫ᐲ߅ࠃ߮ࠟࡦࡑಽᏓㄭૃᦛ✢㧔ደᄖߢߩ଀㧕࿑ 㧚)25 ⺋Ꮕߩ⚥Ⓧ⏕₸ಽᏓ ደౝ㧕㧙㧙ߎߩࠃ߁ߦᦨዊੑਸ਼ᴺߦࠃࠅࡄ࡜ࡔ࡯࠲ࠍ▚಴ߒߚ⚿⴫ 㧙㧚ደౝߦ߅ߌࠆታ㛎⚿ᨐ 〒㔌⺋Ꮕ ᨐ㧘ደᄖߦ߅ߌࠆ GPS ⺋Ꮕ․ᕈߪ㧘ᑼ(1)ߩࡄ࡜ࡔ࡯࠲ α 㧘β ߇ߘࠇߙࠇ 2.1㧘4.3 ߩࠟࡦࡑಽᏓ⏕₸ኒᐲ㑐ᢙߢ⴫⃻ߢ߈ߚ‫߅ߥޕ‬㧘ደౝߩ⺋Ꮕ․ᕈߢߪ α 㧘 β ߪߘࠇߙࠇ

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⺋Ꮕᐔဋ䋨䌭䋩ᦨᄢ⺋Ꮕ䋨䌭䋩ᦨዊ⺋Ꮕ䋨䌭䋩ಽᢔหᦼᄖ䉏䋨㪈㪇㪇䌭એ਄䋩䊂䊷䉺ᢙ㧡㧚ታ㛎 㧦៤Ꮺ㔚⹤㧳㧼㧿⺋Ꮕߩ⟲․ᕈ

1.6㧘9.1 ߢ޽ߞߚ‫ޕ‬㽲㪄㪘㪉㪏㪊㪋㪍㪎㪏㪇㪐㪎㪌㪊㪌㪉㪊㪈㪎㪉㪎㪇㪎㽳㪄㪙㪈㪊㪐㪍㪇㪈㪈㪏㪇㪉㪍㪈㪎㽴㪄㪚㪈㪐㪋㪈㪍㪐㪇㪈㪐㪈㪉㪇㪌㪈㪏㪈㪇㽵㪄㪚㪄㪈㪈㪋㪇㪋㪋㪈㪋㪇㪋㪍㪍㪉㪉㪍㪏㪉㪈㪌㪐㪋⴫ 㧙㧚ደౝߦ߅ߌࠆታ㛎⚿ᨐ 〒㔌⺋Ꮕ  ⟲․ᕈߩᬌ⸽ߣ⹏ଔ
੹ᓟߩ GPS ߩ૶ࠊࠇᣇߣߒߡ㧘Ԙᄙߊߩ៤Ꮺ㔚⹤଻᦭

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⺋Ꮕᐔဋ䋨䌭䋩ᦨᄢ⺋Ꮕ䋨䌭䋩ᦨዊ⺋Ꮕ䋨䌭䋩ಽᢔหᦼᄖ䉏䋨㪈㪇㪇䌭એ਄䋩䊂䊷䉺ᢙ⠪߇หᤨߦ㧘หߓ႐ᚲߢ૶↪ߔࠆ㧘ԙGPS ߇ౝ⬿ߐࠇߚᄙߊߩ࠮ࡦࠨ࡯߇ኒߦㄭறߦ㈩⟎ߐࠇࠆߎߣ㧘߇ᗐቯߐࠇࠆ‫⁁ߥ߁ࠃߩߎޕ‬ᴫࠍ〯߹߃㧘ⶄᢙ៤Ꮺ㔚⹤ GPS ᷹૏㽵㪄㪚㪄㪉㪏㪌㪉㪊㪈㪐㪉㪇㪋㪉㪇㪋㪉㪏㪎㪋㪉㪍㪊㪎㽵㪄㪚㪄㪊㪏㪍㪋㪋㪌㪏㪇㪉㪍㪍㪍㪏㪍㪎㪇㪉㪇㪎㪎㽶㪄㪛㪄㪈㪌㪇㪋㪊㪐㪍㪇㪈㪉㪌㪈㪍㪋㪌㪐㪈㪎㪈㪍㽶㪄㪛㪄㪉㪉㪉
㪋㪈㪊㪋㪇
㪈㪐㪏㪋㪇
㪉㪋㪉㪈㪋㪋

⺋Ꮕ㑆ߩ⋧㑐ࠍ᳞߼ߚ‫ޕ‬ታ㛎ᣇᴺߪ㧘หߓࡔ࡯ࠞ࡯㑆ߩ┵ᧃߢ㧘․ߦหᯏ⒳࡮⇣ᯏ⒳㑆㧘߹ߚ⇣ߥࠆࡔ࡯ࠞ࡯㑆ߩ┵ᧃ㑆ߦ㧘ߤߩࠃ߁ߥ․ᕈᏅࠍ␜ߔ߆ࠍี๧ߔࠆߚ߼㧘 ߎࠇࠄߩ⴫߆ࠄ㧘หߓᯏ⒳ห჻ߩ⺋Ꮕ㊂ߦ㑐ߒߡߪ㧘೨ㅀታ㛎 2 ߦട߃㧘ౣᐲ 8 บߩ㐳ᤨ㑆᷹ቯࠍⴕߞߚ‫߹ޕ‬ᦨᄢ⺋Ꮕߪ೨ㅀߩࠗࡦࡄ࡞ࠬࡁࠗ࠭ࠍ฽߼⧯ᐓߩ㆑޿ߪߚ㧘᷹ቯ┵ᧃߪ㧘ߔߴߡหᣇะ㧘ඨᓘ 1m ߩ౞ߩ▸࿐ౝ޽ࠆ߽ߩߩ㧘ᐔဋ⺋Ꮕߪ߶߷หߓߢ޽ࠆߎߣ߇⏕⹺ߢ߈ߦ⸳⟎㧘ታ㛎ࠍⴕߞߚ‫ޕ‬ߚ‫ޕ‬ᰴߦฦ┵ᧃ㑆ߢߩ⺋Ꮕߦ⋧㑐߇޽ࠆ߆㧘೨㗄ታ㛎⚿߹ߕ㧘៤Ꮺ㔚⹤ 8 บಽߩ⺋Ꮕ࠺࡯࠲ࠍ߹ߣ߼ߚ߽ߩࠍᨐߩฦ⺋Ꮕ㑆ߩห৻ᤨ㑆㑆ߢߩ⋧੕⋧㑐ଥᢙࠍ᳞߼㧘ᬌਅ⸥ߩ⴫ 3-1㧘⴫ 3-2㧔ደᄖߩ႐ว㧕߅ࠃ߮⴫ 4-1㧘⴫ 4-2

⸽ߒߚ‫ ⴫ޕ‬5 ߦߘߩ⚿ᨐࠍ␜ߔ‫ޕ‬㧔ደౝߩ႐ว㧕ߦ␜ߔ‫ޕ‬᷹ቯ⚿ᨐߩ࠺࡯࠲ᢙ߇ߘࠇߙࠇ⇣ߥࠆߩߪ㧘᷹ቯㅜਛߢㅢା⁁ᘒ߿㧘ࠨ࡯ࡃߩ⁁ᘒߦࠃ⴫ 㧚៤Ꮺ㔚⹤㑆ߩ〒㔌⺋Ꮕ߅ࠃ߮ᣇะ⺋Ꮕߩ⋧㑐ଥᢙࠅ㧘┵ᧃߦࠃߞߡߪ㧘࠺࡯࠲ߩ⥄േㅍାߦᄬᢌߔࠆ႐วደౝ߇޽ߞߚߚ߼ߢ޽ࠆ‫ߚ߹ޕ‬ደౝ㧘ደᄖߣ߽቟ቯߒߡዋߥ޿⺋Ꮕ㊂ࠍ␜ߔ┵ᧃԙB ߇⦟ᅢߥ․ᕈࠍ␜ߒߚ‫ޕ‬⴫ 㧙㧚ደᄖߦ߅ߌࠆታ㛎⚿ᨐ 〒㔌⺋Ꮕ 
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⺋Ꮕᐔဋ䋨䌭䋩ᦨᄢ⺋Ꮕ䋨䌭䋩ᦨዊ⺋Ꮕ䋨䌭䋩ಽᢔหᦼᄖ䉏䋨㪈㪇㪇䌭એ਄䋩䊂䊷䉺ᢙ㽲㪄㪘㪈㪇㪌㪏㪇㪌㪐㪇㪈㪍㪇㪏㽳㪄㪙㪈㪉㪈㪈㪎㪇㪏㪊㪈㪈㪊㪋㪏㽴㪄㪚㪈㪈㪉㪐㪍㪇㪍㪋㪍㪈㪊㪈㪋㪎㪌㽵㪄㪚㪄㪈㪐㪈㪐㪈㪇㪎㪉㪈㪈㪌㪐㪇 ⴫ 㧙㧚ደᄖߦ߅ߌࠆታ㛎⚿ᨐ 〒㔌⺋Ꮕ 
ᯏ⒳ฬ
⺋Ꮕᐔဋ䋨䌭䋩ᦨᄢ⺋Ꮕ䋨䌭䋩ᦨዊ⺋Ꮕ䋨䌭䋩ಽᢔหᦼᄖ䉏䋨㪈㪇㪇䌭એ਄䋩䊂䊷䉺ᢙ㽵㪄㪚㪄㪉㪐㪌㪏㪇㪌㪇㪇㪈㪋㪋㪏㽵㪄㪚㪄㪊㪏㪌㪍㪇㪋㪍㪇㪈㪊㪍㪎㽶㪄㪛㪄㪈㪈㪈㪉㪊㪏㪇㪈㪏㪇㪉㪐㪇㪋㽶㪄㪛㪄㪉㪈㪈㪉㪊㪈㪇㪉㪌㪊㪏㪈㪇㪍㪊 㧙㧙⚵䉂ว䉒䈞㪲㪈㪴 㽲㪄㪘䇭㩽䇭㽳㪄㪙㪲㪉㪴 㽲㪄㪘䇭㩽䇭㽴㪄㪚㪲㪊㪴 㽲㪄㪘䇭㩽䇭㽵㪄㪚㪄㪈㩷㪲㪋㪴 㽲㪄㪘䇭㩽䇭㽵㪄㪚㪄㪉㩷㪲㪌㪴 㽲㪄㪘䇭㩽䇭㽵㪄㪚㪄㪊㩷㪲㪍㪴 㽲㪄㪘䇭㩽䇭㽶㪄㪛㪄㪈㩷㪲㪎㪴 㽲㪄㪘䇭㩽䇭㽶㪄㪛㪄㪉㩷㪲㪏㪴 㽳㪄㪙䇭㩽䇭㽴㪄㪚㪲㪐㪴 㽳㪄㪙䇭㩽䇭㽵㪄㪚㪄㪈㩷㪲㪈㪇㪴 㽳㪄㪙䇭㩽䇭㽵㪄㪚㪄㪉㪲㪈㪈㪴 㽳㪄㪙䇭㩽䇭㽵㪄㪚㪄㪊㪲㪈㪉㪴 㽳㪄㪙䇭㩽䇭㽶㪄㪛㪄㪈㩷㪲㪈㪊㪴 㽳㪄㪙䇭㩽䇭㽶㪄㪛㪄㪉㩷㪲㪈㪋㪴 㽴㪄㪚䇭㩽䇭㽵㪄㪚㪄㪈㩷㪲㪈㪌㪴 㽴㪄㪚䇭㩽䇭㽵㪄㪚㪄㪉㪲㪈㪍㪴 㽴㪄㪚䇭㩽䇭㽵㪄㪚㪄㪊㪲㪈㪎㪴 㽴㪄㪚䇭㩽䇭㽶㪄㪛㪄㪈㩷㪲㪈㪏㪴 㽴㪄㪚䇭㩽䇭㽶㪄㪛㪄㪉㩷㪲㪈㪐㪴 㽵㪄㪚㪄㪈㩷㩽䇭㽵㪄㪚㪄㪉㪲㪉㪇㪴 㽵㪄㪚㪄㪈㩷㩽䇭㽵㪄㪚㪄㪊㪲㪉㪈㪴 㽵㪄㪚㪄㪈㩷㩽䇭㽶㪄㪛㪄㪈㪲㪉㪉㪴 㽵㪄㪚㪄㪈㩷㩽䇭㽶㪄㪛㪄㪉㪲㪉㪊㪴 㽵㪄㪚㪄㪉㩷㩽䇭㽵㪄㪚㪄㪊㪲㪉㪋㪴 㽵㪄㪚㪄㪉㩷㩽䇭㽶㪄㪛㪄㪈㪲㪉㪌㪴 㽵㪄㪚㪄㪉㩷㩽䇭㽶㪄㪛㪄㪉㪲㪉㪍㪴 㽵㪄㪚㪄㪊㩷㩽䇭㽶㪄㪛㪄㪈㪲㪉㪎㪴 㽵㪄㪚㪄㪊㩷㩽䇭㽶㪄㪛㪄㪉㪲㪉㪏㪴 㽶㪄㪛㪄㪈㩷㩽䇭㽶㪄㪛㪄㪉㪘㫍㪼㫉㪸㪾㪼〒㔌⺋Ꮕ䈱⋧㑐㪇㪅㪈㪌㪇㪅㪈㪍㪇㪅㪊㪉㪇㪅㪈㪈㪇㪅㪈㪈㪄㪇㪅㪇㪈㪇㪅㪈㪇㪅㪇㪐㪇㪅㪇㪌㪇㪅㪇㪌㪄㪇㪅㪇㪊㪄㪇㪅㪇㪈㪄㪇㪅㪇㪊㪄㪇㪅㪇㪈㪇㪅㪉㪉㪇㪅㪇㪈㪇㪅㪇㪈㪇㪇㪅㪊㪌㪇㪅㪋㪄㪇㪅㪇㪈㪄㪇㪅㪇㪊㪇㪅㪊㪋㪄㪇㪅㪇㪈㪄㪇㪅㪇㪈㪄㪇㪅㪇㪈㪄㪇㪅㪇㪈㪇㪅㪇㪐㪇㪅㪇㪐ደᄖᣇะ⺋Ꮕ䈱⋧㑐 〒㔌⺋Ꮕ䈱⋧㑐 ᣇะ⺋Ꮕ䈱⋧㑐㪇㪅㪉㪈㪇㪅㪈㪍㪇㪅㪉㪇㪅㪉㪉㪇㪅㪇㪍㪇㪅㪈㪊㪇㪅㪊㪊㪇㪅㪈㪇㪅㪉㪍㪇㪅㪈㪊㪇㪅㪉㪇㪅㪉㪐㪇㪅㪈㪋㪇㪅㪉㪈㪇㪅㪊㪇㪇㪅㪈㪉㪇㪅㪉㪐㪇㪅㪈㪉㪇㪅㪇㪐㪇㪅㪇㪐㪇㪅㪇㪏㪇㪅㪈㪈㪇㪅㪉㪉㪇㪅㪈㪇㪅㪉㪍㪇㪅㪋㪈㪇㪅㪈㪇㪅㪈㪌㪇㪅㪈㪉㪇㪅㪇㪌㪇㪅㪉㪍㪇㪅㪊㪐㪇㪅㪇㪋㪇㪅㪈㪍㪇㪅㪊㪊㪇㪅㪇㪉㪇㪅㪇㪐㪇㪅㪉㪉㪇㪅㪇㪈㪇㪅㪇㪌㪇㪅㪈㪋㪇㪅㪉㪊㪇㪅㪇㪊㪇㪅㪉㪇㪅㪇㪈㪇㪅㪇㪉㪇㪅㪇㪏㪇㪅㪇㪉㪄㪇㪅㪇㪈㪇㪅㪈㪇㪅㪇㪈㪄㪇㪅㪇㪊㪇㪅㪈㪉㪇㪅㪊㪍㪇㪅㪊㪐㪇㪅㪋㪍㪇㪅㪋㪉㪇㪅㪉㪏㪇㪅㪋㪇㪇㪅㪈㪋㪇㪅㪊㪋㪇㪇㪅㪇㪐㪇㪅㪈㪍㪇㪅㪊㪌㪇㪅㪊㪋㪇㪅㪋㪋㪇㪇㪅㪈㪍㪇㪅㪊㪇㪇㪅㪇㪐㪇㪅㪈㪎㪇㪇㪅㪉㪇㪅㪊㪈㪇㪇㪅㪇㪎㪇㪅㪉㪇㪅㪇㪏㪇㪅㪈㪌㪇㪅㪇㪎㪇㪅㪈㪈㪇㪅㪈㪋㪇㪅㪉㪋;ŵͿฦ⋧੕⋧㑐ߪ㧘ደౝߢߩ〒㔌⺋Ꮕߣᣇะ⺋Ꮕ[5]ߦ㑐ߒߘࠇߙࠇᐔဋ 0.09㧘0.11 ߢ޽ߞߚ‫ߩߘޕ‬ਛߢ߽⧯ᐓߥ߇ϭϰ

ࠄหߓᯏ⒳ห჻ߩ⋧㑐ߪ㜞޿ߎߣ߇ࠊ߆ࠆ‫ߚ߹ޕ‬㧘ደᄖϭϮ

ߢߪ〒㔌⺋Ꮕߣᣇะ⺋Ꮕߪߘࠇߙࠇᐔဋ 0.14㧘0.24 ߣߥϭϬផቯ㊂ࠅ㧘ደౝߩ႐วࠃࠅ߽㜞޿⋧㑐ߣߥࠆ‫ߩߘޕ‬ਛߢ߽ደౝ
ห᭽㧘หߓᯏ⒳ห჻ߩ⋧㑐ߪ⧯ᐓߢߪ޽ࠆ߇㜞޿㧘ߣ޿

ᦨᄢផቯ㊂

ϴ
ᦨዊផቯ㊂ϲ

߁⚿ᨐ߇ᓧࠄࠇߚ‫ޕ‬ߎࠇࠄߩ⚿ᨐ߆ࠄหߓࡔ࡯ࠞ࡯ߩᯏ⒳ߦ߅޿ߡ〒㔌⺋ϰᏅ㧘ᣇะ⺋Ꮕߩ⋧㑐߇⧯ᐓߥ߇ࠄ㜞޿ߎߣࠍ⏕⹺ߒߚ‫ޕ‬Ϯߒ߆ߒ㧘ߘߩઁߩᯏ⒳㑆ߢߪ㧘ណ↪ߒߡ޿ࠆ GPS ࠴࠶ࡊ(੹࿁ߩታ㛎ߢߪోߡ Qualcomm ⵾)߇หߓߢ޽ߞߡ߽㧘

ᐔဋផቯ㊂Ϭ

บᢙ䋨E䋩ϭϮϯϰϱϲϳϴ߶߷㔖ߩ⋧㑐ߣߥࠆߎߣ߆ࠄ㧘GPS ᷹૏⺋Ꮕߪ㧘ฦࡔ࡯࿑ 㧚┵ᧃᢙ 0 ߦߟ޿ߡߩ⺋Ꮕផቯ㊂ࠞ࡯ߩࠕࡦ࠹࠽ߩ┵ᧃౝߢߩ૏⟎㧘᭴ㅧ߅ࠃ߮ᗵᐲߦᄢ߈ߊଐሽߔࠆߣ⠨߃ࠄࠇࠆ‫ޕ‬⴫ 㧚ផቯ೨  บߩ┵ᧃᐔဋ ߣផቯᓟߩ⺋Ꮕ㊂ ᷹ቯ࿾ὐߩ⌀୯ផቯ 5.1 ߢㅀߴߚ៤Ꮺ㔚⹤ GPS ⺋Ꮕߩ⟲․ᕈߩታ㛎⚿ᨐ߆ផቯ೨㪈㪌㪋㪍㪋㪊㪌⺋Ꮕᐔဋ㩷㩿㫄㪀ᦨᄢ⺋Ꮕ㩷㩿㫄㪀ᦨዊ⺋Ꮕ㩷㩿㫄㪀ಽᢔࠄ㧘ฦᯏ⒳㑆ߩ⋧੕⋧㑐ଥᢙߪో૕⊛ߦૐ޿ߎߣࠍ⏕⹺ߒߚ‫߷߶ߩߎޕ‬㔖ߦㄭ޿⋧੕⋧㑐ࠍ೑↪ߒ㧘ⶄᢙߩ៤Ꮺ㔚⹤ࠍ↪޿ࠆߎߣߢ㧘⺋Ꮕࠍᷫዋߐߖࠆߎߣߦࠃࠆ᷹ቯផቯᓟ㪍㪋㪈㪇㪊㪎࿾ὐߩ⌀୯ߩផቯࠍⴕߞߚ‫ޕ‬એ㒠㧘⌀୯ផቯᴺߣቯ⟵ߔߎߩ⚿ᨐ߆ࠄ┵ᧃᢙ n ߩ୯߇㜞޿߶ߤ GPS ⺋Ꮕߪᷫዋࠆ[6]‫ޕ‬⌀୯ផቯᴺߪ㧘GPS ⺋Ꮕߩ๺ࠍ␜ߔએਅߩᑼ(2)ߢ⴫⃻น⢻ߢ޽ࠆߎߣࠍ⏕⹺ߒߚ‫ޕ‬ߢ߈ࠆ‫ޕ‬႐ᚲ x ߢߩផቯ୯ࠍ f ^ ( x ) ߣߔࠆߣ ᰴߦ㧘8 บߩ〒㔌⺋Ꮕߩᐔဋࠍផቯ೨ߣផቯᓟߢᲧセࠍⴕߞߚ‫⚿ߩߘޕ‬ᨐࠍ⴫ 6 ߅ࠃ߮࿑ 9 ߦ␜ߔ‫ޕ‬f ^ ( x) = F ( x) + ∑ n( xi ) / N  ࡮࡮࡮࡮࡮(2)NϱϬi =1ϰϱF (x) 㧦⌀ߩ૏⟎n( xi ) 㧦┵ᧃ i ߢߩࡁࠗ࠭N 㧦GPS ⺋Ꮕ᷹ቯ┵ᧃᢙ‫ޕ‬ϰϬϯϱ〒㔌⺋Ꮕ៤Ꮺ㔚⹤ GPS ⺋Ꮕߩฦ⋧㑐ଥᢙ߇ૐ޿ߎߣ߆ࠄ㧘ᑼ(2)∑ n ( x ) / N ߪ 0 ߦㄭi=0ϯϬϴบ䈱〒㔌⺋Ꮕ䈱ᐔဋϮϱϮϬ⌀୯ផቯᴺϭϱNߩ⺋Ꮕ㊂ࠍ᳿ቯߔࠆࡁࠗ࠭ߩ୯;ŵͿϭϬiϱϬઃߊ‫ޕ‬䊂䊷䉺ᢙϬߎߩࠃ߁ߥ᭎ᔨߦၮߠ޿ߡ㧘߹ߕ㧘ၮᧄߣߥࠆ 1 บߏϱϬϭϬϬϭϱϬϮϬϬ

ߣߩ GPS ⺋Ꮕߩᐔဋߣ㧘2 บ߆ࠄ 8 บ߹ߢߩฦ⒳⚵ߺว࿑ 㧚 บߩ〒㔌⺋Ꮕᐔဋߣ⌀୯ផቯᴺߩ․ᕈᲧセฦ┵ᧃߩ⚵ߺวࠊߖߢ޽ࠆ 8Cn(n=2㨪8)ߦߟ޿ߡߩᐔဋ

ߎߩ⌀୯ផቯᴺࠍⴕ߁ߎߣߢ㧘8 บߩ៤Ꮺ㔚⹤ࠍ↪޿ࠊߖߢߩ⌀୯ផቯᴺߩ⚿ᨐࠍ࿑ 8 ߦ␜ߔ‫ߩߎޕ‬࿑ߢߪ㧘ࠆߣ GPS ᷹૏⺋Ꮕࠍ㧘න⁛ߢߩ⺋ᏅߦᲧߴ 50㧑એਅߦផቯ㊂ߣᦨᄢផቯ㊂㧘ᦨዊផቯ㊂ࠍ␜ߒߡ޿ࠆ‫ޕ‬ᛥ߃ࠆߎߣ߇น⢻ߢ޽ࠆ‫ޕ‬㧙㧙᡽๺Ꮉፒ⑲ੑ᧛਄ੳᏆ̌៤Ꮺ㔚⹤ౝ⬿ GPS ߩ㧢㧚߹ߣ߼૏⟎♖ᐲ̍ᚑくᄢቇ ℂᎿቇ⎇ⓥႎ๔╙ 46 Ꮞ╙

2 ภ(2009)ߎࠇࠄߩታ㛎⚿ᨐߪ㧘એਅߩࠃ߁ߦ߹ߣ߼ࠄࠇࠆ‫ޕ‬[4] ࡅࡘࡌ࠾ߩ〒㔌⸘▚ᑼ㧦Ԙ )25 ⺋Ꮕ․ᕈߪ㧘៤Ꮺ㔚⹤ߩะ߈ ᧲⷏ධർ ߦଐሽ

http://vldb.gsi.go.jp/sokuchi/surveycalc/algorithm/ellipsߒߥ޿‫ޕ‬ԙ ⒘ߦߢߪ޽ࠆ߇㧘หᦼᄖࠇ㧔ࠗࡦࡄ࡞ࠬࡁࠗ࠭㧕߇

[5]⊒↢ߒ㧘ߘߩߣ߈ߩ⺋Ꮕ㊂ߪ㕖Ᏹߦᄢ߈޿‫↢⊒ߩߘޕ‬ᤨ㑆₸ߪࠝ࡯ࡊࡦࠬࠞࠗߩ᧦ઙߢߪ 0.2%⒟ᐲߢ޽ࠆ

ႎㅢାቇળᛛⴚ⎇ⓥႎ๔Vol103 No. 345, pp1-6,2003Ⴧടߔࠆ‫ߚ߹ޕ‬㧘ߘߩ⊒↢㊂෸߮࠲ࠗࡒࡦࠣߪᯏ⒳ߦ

[6] ዊ㜞૓᮸ർῪ➂ሶᐔ㊁⎇ੱᮘญ᡽๺Ꮉፒ

ᄢ߈ߊଐሽߔࠆ‫ޕ‬Ԛ ߎߩࠗࡦࡄ࡞ࠬࡁࠗ࠭ߩૐᷫᴺߣߒߡ㧘n ὐ㧔n=3㧘
5㧕⒖േᐔဋᴺߪ㧘㕖Ᏹߦ᦭ലߢ޽ࠆ‫ޕ‬ቇ⎇ⓥળ 2010 ᐕ 2 ᦬Ԝ ⶄᢙߩ៤Ꮺ㔚⹤ GPS 㑆ߩ㑐ଥࠍ␜ߔ⟲․ᕈߦ߅޿ߡ㧘〒㔌⺋Ꮕ㧘ᣇะ⺋Ꮕߩᯏ⒳㑆⋧੕⋧㑐ߪૐ޿‫ߎޕ‬ߩ․ᕈࠍ↪޿ߡ㧘ⶄᢙ┵ᧃߩ GPS ⺋Ꮕࠍන⚐ട▚ߔࠆߎߣߢ㧘ߐࠄߥࠆ᷹ቯ࿾ὐߩ⌀୯ផቯ߇น⢻ߢ޽ࠆ‫ޕ‬㧣੹ᓟߩ⺖㗴 ੹ᓟߪ៤Ꮺ㔚⹤ᯏ⒳ߏߣߦ GPS ߩࠕࡦ࠹࠽․ᕈ㧘ࠕࡦ࠹࠽ߩᗵᐲ߿᭴ㅧߦߟ޿ߡߩ⹦⚦ߥᬌ⸛ߣ㧘ߎࠇࠄࠍ↪
޿ߚ⺋Ꮕ․ᕈߩ⹦⚦ൻ߇ᔅⷐߢ޽ࠆ‫ߚ߹ޕ‬㧘GPS 㔚ᵄ߿ၮ࿾ዪߣߩ㑐ଥߩ⸃ᨆ߽ᔅ㗇ߢ޽ࠆߣ⠨߃ࠄࠇࠆ‫ޕ‬⻢ ㄉ ᧄታ㛎ࠍታᣉߔࠆߦᒰߚࠅ㧘KDDI ⎇ⓥᚲṚ᎑ᐽᒄࠣ࡞࡯ࡊ࡝࡯࠳࡯ߦߪ㧘ᄙᄢߥߏេഥߣࠕ࠼ࡃࠗࠬࠍ㗂޿ߚ‫⎇ᧄߚ߹ޕ‬ⓥߩ৻ㇱߪ㧘ᢥ⑼⋭ᚢ⇛⊛⎇ⓥၮ⋚ᒻᚑᡰេ੐ᬺߦࠃߞߡⴕࠊࠇߚ‫ߡߒ⸥ޕ‬㧘ᗵ⻢ߔࠆ‫ޕ‬ෳ⠨ᢥ₂Ⴆ↰ື਽, et al.:̌៤Ꮺ㔚⹤ )25 ․ᕈߩ⹦⚦᷹ቯߣߘߩᬌ⸛̍, ITE Technical Report Vol33, No.11,
pp.29~32 Feb 2009

K. Hirano, Y. In, M. Kitazume, M. Higuchi, S.

Kawasaki and H. Murakami, “Method of EventLocation Identification Using GPS and Camera Functionof Mobile Phones” WSEAS TRANSACTIONS on
INFORMATION[3]SCIENCE⑲ੑ᧛਄ੳᏆ̌៤Ꮺ㔚⹤ GPS ߩ․ᕈ⹏ଔGPS⺋Ꮕߩ⟲․ᕈ̍ᤋ௝ᖱႎࡔ࠺ࠖࠕቇળࡔ࠺ࠖࠕᎿԛ )25 ⺋ᏅಽᏓߪࠟࡦࡑಽᏓߢ⦟ߊㄭૃߢ߈ࠆ‫ޕ‬[2]᧖ጊᐽᐔਛጊ㓷຦̌IAA ࠪࠬ࠹ࡓ߅ߌࠆ↢ሽ⠪ᖱႎߩ⥄േ૏⟎ᖱႎ⊓㍳ߣߘߩ⹏ଔ̍㔚ሶᖱ߇㧘GPS ⴡᤊ߇⷗߃ߦߊ޿ደౝߢߪ㧘3%㨪4%⒟ᐲߦ

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and APPLICATIONSISSN:1790-0832, Issue 11, Volume 6, November 2009࿃ 㓶੫ዊ㜞૓᮸ർῪ➂ሶᐔ㊁⎇ੱᮘญ㧙㧙