ָߏ҈҈સਬ਒ιϱνʖ‫ن‬གྷ ೧  ݆  ૓‫ߺק‬୉ࡗ‫گ‬ү୉ָָߏ҈સਬ਒ιϱνʖᏛᰯᏳ඲᥎㐍ࢭࣥࢱ࣮⣖せ୊̏‫ת‬ʤ ೧  ݆ʥ໪࣏ָߏ‫ؽث‬؇ཀྵ෨໵
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ࡩ ࡌࡓ

ࡔ࠸ࡍࡅ

⸨⏣ ኱㍜೺ᗣᏳ඲ᩍ⫱⣔㸦೺ᗣᏳ඲⛉Ꮫ㒊㛛㸧 ኱㜰ᩍ⫱኱Ꮫ࡛ࡣࠊᏛᰯ࡟࠾ࡅࡿᏳ඲ᩍ⫱࡜Ᏻ඲⟶⌮ࠊࡑࡋ࡚⤌⧊άືࡢ᭷ᶵⓗ㐃ᦠࢆྵࡵࡓໟᣓⓗ࠿ࡘᣢ⥆ྍ⬟࡞ᏛᰯᏳ඲ࡢ᥎㐍ࢆ┠ᣦࡋࡓࠕࢭ࣮ࣇࢸ࢕ࣉ࣮ࣟࣔࢩࣙࣥࢫࢡ࣮ࣝࠖࡢㄆドไᗘࢆ๰タࡋࠊࡑࡢไᗘࡢᅜෆእࡢᏛᰯ࡬ࡢᬑཬ࡟ྲྀࡾ⤌ࢇ࡛࠸ࡿࠋࡑࡇ࡛ᮏሗ
࡛ࡣࠊࢭ࣮ࣇࢸ࢕ࣉ࣮ࣟࣔࢩࣙࣥࢫࢡ࣮ࣝάື࡟ᑐࡍࡿ࢚ࣅࢹࣥࢫ࡜࡞ࡿᐈほⓗ࡞ホ౯ᇶ‽࡟ࡘ࠸᳨࡚ウࡍࡿࡇ࡜ࢆ┠ⓗ࡜ࡋ࡚ࠊྛᐇ㊶ᰯ࡟࠾ࡅࡿᰯෆ࡛ࡢእയࡢⓎ⏕≧ἣ࡜⅏ᐖඹ῭⤥௜ࡢ⏦ㄳ≧ἣࢆẚ㍑ࡍࡿ࡜࡜ࡶ࡟ࠊࢭ࣮ࣇࢸ࢕ࣉ࣮ࣟࣔࢩࣙࣥࢫࢡ࣮ࣝάື࡟࠾ࡅ
ࡿඣ❺⏕ᚐ࣭ᩍ⫋ဨ࣭37$ ཬࡧᆅᇦఫẸࡢᏛᰯᏳ඲࡟㛵ࢃࡿᏳ඲ព㆑࡜Ᏻ඲⾜ືࢆホ౯ࡍࡿࡓࡵࡢ࢔ࣥࢣ࣮ࢺㄪᰝࢆ⾜ࡗࡓࠋࡑࡢ⤖ᯝࠊࢭ࣮ࣇࢸ࢕ࣉ࣮ࣟࣔࢩࣙࣥࢫࢡ࣮ࣝάືࡢ⥅⥆ᖺᩘࡢ㐪࠸࡟ࡼࡗ࡚ࠊ⅏ᐖඹ῭⤥௜௳ᩘࡢపୗ࡟㛵ࢃࡿຠᯝࡀほᐹࡉࢀࠊేࡏ࡚άື࡟㛵ࢃࡿඣ❺⏕ᚐཬࡧᩍ⫋ဨࡢᏛᰯᏳ඲࡟㛵ࢃࡿព㆑࡜⾜ື࡟ཬࡰࡍຠᯝࡢྍ⬟ᛶࡢ୍㒊ࡀほᐹࡉࢀࡓࠋࡑࡢࡓࡵࠊ௒ᚋࡶࢭ࣮ࣇࢸ࢕ࣉ࣮ࣟࣔࢩࣙࣥࢫࢡ࣮ࣝάືࢆ⥅⥆ࡋ࡚ᐇ㊶ᰯࢆቑຍࡉࡏ࡚࠸ࡃࡇ࡜࡟ࡼࡾࠊࢭ࣮ࣇࢸ࢕ࣉ࣮ࣟࣔࢩࣙࣥࢫࢡ࣮ࣝάືࡢ࢚ࣅࢹࣥࢫ࡜࡞ࡿࡼ࠺࡞ᐈほⓗ࡞ホ౯ᣦᶆࡢ᳨ドࡀྍ⬟࡟࡞ࡿࡶࡢ࡜⪃࠼ࡽࢀࡓࠋ

࣮࣮࢟࣡ࢻ㸸ࢭ࣮ࣇࢸ࢕ࣉ࣮ࣟࣔࢩࣙࣥࢫࢡ࣮ࣝࠊ⅏ᐖඹ῭⤥௜ࠊᏛᰯᏳ඲࡟㛵ࢃࡿព㆑࡜⾜ືࠊホ౯ᣦᶆϨ㸬ࡣࡌࡵ࡟
኱㜰ᩍ⫱኱Ꮫ࡛ࡣࠊᖹᡂ 13 ᖺ 6 ᭶ 8 ᪥࡟Ⓨ⏕ࡋࡓ㝃ᒓụ⏣ᑠᏛᰯ஦௳ࡢ཯┬࡜ᩍカࢆᇶ࡟ࠊ஦௳ࡢ෌Ⓨ㜵Ṇ࡜Ꮫᰯ࡟࠾ࡅࡿᏳ඲ᩍ⫱࡜Ᏻ඲⟶⌮ࠊࡑࡋ࡚⤌⧊άືࡢ᭷ᶵⓗ㐃ᦠࢆྵࡵࡓໟᣓⓗ࠿ࡘᣢ⥆ྍ⬟࡞ᏛᰯᏳ඲ࡢ᥎㐍ࢆ┠ᣦࡋࡓࠕࢭ࣮ࣇࢸ࢕ࣉ࣮ࣟࣔࢩࣙࣥࢫࢡ࣮
ࣝࠖ[1-3]ࡢᬑཬ࡟ྲྀࡾ⤌ࢇ࡛࠸ࡿ࡜ࡇࢁ࡛࠶ࡿࠋࡇࡢࢭ࣮ࣇࢸ࢕ࣉ࣮ࣟࣔࢩࣙࣥࢫࢡ࣮ࣝ࡜
ࡣࠊᖹᡂ 25 ᖺ࡟㛶㆟Ỵᐃࡉࢀࡓࠕ➨ 2 ᮇᩍ⫱᣺⯆ᇶᮏィ⏬ࠖ[4]࡟♧ࡉࢀࡓࠕᏛᰯᏳ඲ࡢ᥎
㐍ࠖ࡟࠾ࡅࡿࠕ⮬ຓ࣭ඹຓ࣭බຓࠖࡢ⌮ᛕࡢࡶ࡜ࠊࢃࡀᅜ⊂⮬ࡢᏛᰯᏳ඲㸦⏕άᏳ඲࣭⅏ᐖ
Ᏻ඲࣭஺㏻Ᏻ඲㸧ࡢ⪃࠼᪉ࢆᇶ┙࡜ࡍࡿໟᣓⓗ࡞Ᏻ඲᥎㐍ࢆᨭ᥼ࡍࡿࡇ࡜ࢆ┠ⓗ࡜ࡋ࡚ࠊ኱
㜰ᩍ⫱኱Ꮫࡀ᪂ࡓ࡟๰タࡋࡓྲྀ⤌࡛࠶ࡿࠋලయⓗ࡟ࡣࢭ࣮ࣇࢸ࢕ࣉ࣮ࣟࣔࢩࣙࣥࢫࢡ࣮ࣝ
࡜ࡣࠊᏛᰯ⊂⮬ࡢᏛᰯᏳ඲ࡢ᥎㐍ࢆ┠ⓗ࡜ࡋࡓ୰ᮇ┠ᶆ࣭୰ᮇィ⏬ࢆ᫂☜࡟タᐃࡋࠊࡑࡢ┠ᶆ࡜ィ⏬ࢆ㐩ᡂࡍࡿࡓࡵࡢ⤌⧊(Team)ࡢᩚഛ࡜ S-PDCAS ࢧ࢖ࢡࣝ(Strategy - Plan - Do Check - Act – Share)࡟ᇶ࡙ࡃᐇ㊶࡜༠ാࠊࡉࡽ࡟ศᯒ࡟ࡼࡿᐈほⓗ࡞᰿ᣐ࡟ᇶ࡙࠸ࡓホ౯ࡢඹ᭷ࡀ⥅⥆ࡉࢀ࡚࠸ࡿ࡜ㄆᐃࡉࢀࡓᏛᰯࢆࢭ࣮ࣇࢸ࢕ࣉ࣮ࣟࣔࢩࣙࣥࢫࢡ࣮ࣝ࡜ࡋ࡚ㄆ
౽ీʁιʖϓτΡϕϫϠʖεϥϱηέʖϩ͹‫׈‬ಊয়‫ڱ‬͹඲ՃͶ‫ͤؖ‬Ζ௒ࠬドࡋࡼ࠺࡜ࡍࡿ᪂ࡓ࡞ไᗘ࡛࠶ࡿࠋ≉࡟ࡇࡢㄆド࡟࠶ࡓࡗ࡚ࡣࠊ
ࠕᏳ඲ࡀ☜ಖࡉࢀࡓࠊ᏶ᡂ
ࡉࢀࡓᏳ඲࡞Ꮫᰯ࡛ࠖ࠶ࡿࡇ࡜ࢆᇶ‽࡜ࡍࡿࡢ࡛ࡣ࡞ࡃࠊ
ࠕᩍ⫋ဨ࣭ඣ❺㸦⏕ᚐ࣭Ꮫ⏕࣭ᗂඣࢆྵࡴ㸧࣭ಖㆤ⪅ࠊࡉࡽ࡟ࡣᏊ࡝ࡶࡢᏳ඲࡟㛵ࢃࡿᆅᇦࡢᶵ㛵ࡸேࠎࡀᏛᰯᏳ඲ࡢ㔜せᛶࢆඹឤࡋࠊࡑࡋ࡚⤌⧊ⓗ࠿ࡘ⥅⥆ྍ⬟࡞ᏛᰯᏳ඲ࡢྲྀ⤌ࡀ╔ᐇ࡟༠ാࡋ࡚ᐇ㊶ࡉࢀᒎ㛤ࡉࢀࡿ᮲௳ࡀᩚഛࡉࢀ࡚࠸ࡿᏛᰯ࡛ࠖ࠶ࡿ࡜ᐈほⓗ࡟ホ౯ࡉࢀࡿࡇ࡜ࡀ㔜せ࡛࠶ࡿ࡜⪃࠼ࡽࢀ࡚࠸ࡿࠋࡑࡢࡓࡵࢭ࣮ࣇࢸ࢕ࣉ࣮ࣟࣔࢩࣙࣥࢫࢡ࣮ࣝ࡜ࡣࠊ
ࠕໟᣓⓗ࠿ࡘ༠ാⓗ࡞ᏛᰯᏳ඲ࡢ᥎㐍ࢆࢦ࣮ࣝ㸦┠ᶆ㸧࡜ࡍࡿࢫࢱ࣮ࢺࣛ࢖ࣥ࡟❧ࡗ࡚࠸ࡿ࡜ㄆᐃࡉࢀࡓᏛᰯ࡛ࠖ࠶ࡿ࡜
ゝ࠸᥮࠼ࡿࡇ࡜ࡀྍ⬟࡛࠶ࡿࠋࢃࡀᅜ࡟࠾ࡅࡿࢭ࣮ࣇࢸ࢕ࣉ࣮ࣟࣔࢩࣙࣥࢫࢡ࣮ࣝࡢάື
ࡣࠊᖹᡂ 26 ᖺ 10 ᭶࡟ࠊ኱㜰ᩍ⫱኱ᏛࡢᏛᰯ༴ᶵ࣓ࣥࢱࣝࢧ࣏࣮ࢺࢭࣥࢱ࣮㸦௧࿴ 2 ᖺ 4᭶࠿ࡽࠕᏛᰯᏳ඲᥎㐍ࢭࣥࢱ࣮ࠖ࡜ᨵ⛠㸧ෆ࡟ࠕ᪥ᮏࢭ࣮ࣇࢸ࢕ࣉ࣮ࣟࣔࢩࣙࣥࢫࢡ࣮ࣝ༠
㆟఍ࠖࡀタ❧ࡉࢀࠊᖹᡂ 27 ᖺ 3 ᭶ 6 ᪥࡟ࠊ኱㜰ᩍ⫱኱Ꮫ㝃ᒓụ⏣ᑠᏛᰯࠊ኱㜰ᩍ⫱኱Ꮫ㝃ᒓụ⏣୰Ꮫᰯ୪ࡧ࡟ᮾி㒔ྎᮾ༊❧㔠❳ᑠᏛᰯ࡜ࡢ㛫࡟ࠕࢭ࣮ࣇࢸ࢕ࣉ࣮ࣟࣔࢩࣙࣥࢫࢡ
࣮ࣝ༠ᐃ᭩ࠖࡀ⥾⤖ࡉࢀࡓࡇ࡜࠿ࡽጞࡲࡗ࡚࠸ࡿࠋࡑࡢᚋࠊࢃࡀᅜ࡟࠾ࡅࡿࢭ࣮ࣇࢸ࢕ࣉࣟ
࣮ࣔࢩࣙࣥࢫࢡ࣮ࣝࡢᬑཬάືࡢᐇ⦼ࡀホ౯ࡉࢀࠊᩥ㒊⛉Ꮫ┬ึ➼୰➼ᩍ⫱ᒁࡢᖹᡂ 28 ᖺᗘ஦ᴗண⟬ࡢࠕᏛᰯ೺ᗣᩍ⫱ࡢ᥎㐍ࠖ࡟࠾࠸࡚ࠊ
ࠕ㜵⅏ᩍ⫱ࢆ୰ᚰ࡜ࡋࡓᐇ㊶ⓗᏳ඲ᩍ⫱⥲ྜᨭ᥼஦ᴗࠖ[5]ࡢ୰ࡢࠕᏛᰯࡢᏳ඲⟶⌮యไࡢ඘ᐇࠖ࡜ࡋ࡚ࠕࢭ࣮ࣇࢸ࢕ࣉ࣮ࣟࣔࢩࣙࣥࢫ
ࢡ࣮ࣝ➼ࡢඛ㐍஦౛ࢆཧ⪃࡟ᆅᇦࡢᏛᰯᏳ඲㛵ಀ⪅㸦᭷㈨᱁⪅➼㸧ࠊ㛵ಀᶵ㛵ཬࡧᅋయ࡜ࡢ
㐃ᦠ࣭༠ຊࠖ࡜࠸࠺᪂ࡓ࡞ண⟬せồ㡯┠ࡀタᐃࡉࢀࡓࡇ࡜࡟ࡼࡾࠊᅜࡀᒎ㛤ࡍࡿᏛᰯᏳ඲ࡢ
᥎㐍࡜ᬑཬࡢྲྀࡾ⤌ࡳ࡟㐃ືࡋࡓᙧ࡛ࢭ࣮ࣇࢸ࢕ࣉ࣮ࣟࣔࢩࣙࣥࢫࢡ࣮ࣝࡢㄆドࢆ┠ᣦࡋࡓάືࡀ఩⨨௜ࡅࡽࢀࡿࡇ࡜࡜࡞ࡗࡓࠋࡇࡢࢭ࣮ࣇࢸ࢕ࣉ࣮ࣟࣔࢩࣙࣥࢫࢡ࣮ࣝࡢྲྀࡾ⤌ࡳࡣࠊᩥ㒊⛉Ꮫ┬ึ➼୰➼ᩍ⫱ᒁࡢᖹᡂ 30 ᖺᗘ࠿ࡽ௧࿴ 2 ᖺᗘࡲ࡛ࡢࠕᏛᰯᏳ඲⥲ྜᨭ᥼஦ᴗࠖ[6㸪7]࡛ࡶࠊࠕᏛᰯ✀࣭ᆅᇦࡢ≉ᛶ࡟ᛂࡌࡓᆅᇦ඲య࡛ࡢᏛᰯᏳ඲᥎㐍యไࡢᵓ⠏ࢆᅗࡿࡓࡵࠊࢭ࣮ࣇࢸ࢕ࣉ࣮ࣟࣔࢩࣙࣥࢫࢡ࣮ࣝ➼ࡢඛ㐍஦౛ࢆཧ⪃࡜ࡍࡿࠖ࡜఩⨨࡙ࡅࡽࢀࠊ
ࡉࡽ࡟௧࿴ 3 ᖺᗘ࠿ࡽጞࡲࡿᩥ㒊⛉Ꮫ┬⥲ྜᩍ⫱ᨻ⟇ᒁࡢࠕᏛᰯᏳ඲᥎㐍஦ᴗࠖ[8]࡟ࡶ⥅⥆ࡉࢀࠊࢃࡀᅜ࡟࠾ࡅࡿࢭ࣮ࣇࢸ࢕ࣉ࣮ࣟࣔࢩࣙࣥࢫࢡ࣮ࣝάືࡢ╔ᐇ࡞ᬑཬࡀᅗࡽࢀ࡚
࠸ࡿ࡜ࡇࢁ࡛࠶ࡿࠋ
ࢭ࣮ࣇࢸ࢕ࣉ࣮ࣟࣔࢩࣙࣥࢫࢡ࣮ࣝㄆドᰯࡣࠊ௧࿴ 2 ᖺ 12 ᭶ᮎ᫬Ⅼ࡛ࠊ᪥ᮏᅜෆ࡛ 20ᰯᅬ㸦࠺ࡕ 5 ᰯࡣ෌ㄆドᰯ㸧ࠊᾏእ㸦୰⳹ேẸඹ࿴ᅜࠊࢱ࢖⋤ᅜࠊ㐃ྜ⋤ᅜ㸦࢖ࢠࣜࢫ㸧ࠊྎ‴㸧࡛ 34 ᰯᅬ࡜࡞ࡗ࡚࠸ࡿࠋࡉࡽ࡟᪥ᮏᅜෆࡢ 13 ᰯࠊ୰⳹ேẸඹ࿴ᅜࡸࢱ࢖⋤ᅜࠊ࢖ࢠࣜࢫࡢ 43 ᰯᅬࡀࠊᏛᰯᏳ඲ࡢ᥎㐍ࢆ㏻ࡌࡓࢭ࣮ࣇࢸ࢕ࣉ࣮ࣟࣔࢩࣙࣥࢫࢡ࣮ࣝࡢㄆドࢆ┠ᣦࡋࡓάືࢆࡑࢀࡒࢀᒎ㛤ࡋ࡚࠸ࡿ࡜ࡇࢁ࡛࠶ࡿࠋࡇࡢࡼ࠺࡟ࠊᙜึࡣ᪥ᮏ⊂⮬ࡢไᗘ࡜ࡋ
࡚㛤Ⓨࡋࡓࢭ࣮ࣇࢸ࢕ࣉ࣮ࣟࣔࢩࣙࣥࢫࢡ࣮ࣝάື࡛࠶ࡿࡀࠊ࢔ࢪ࢔࣭ኴᖹὒᆅᇦࢆࡣࡌࡵ
ୡ⏺ྛᆅࡢᏛᰯᏳ඲࡟ᚑ஦ࡋ࡚࠸ࡿᩍ⫱◊✲ᶵ㛵ࡢ㛵ಀ⪅ࡀࢃࡀᅜࡢࢭ࣮ࣇࢸ࢕ࣉ࣮ࣟࣔ
ࢩࣙࣥࢫࢡ࣮ࣝάື࡟㛵ᚰࢆᣢࡕࠊࡑࢀࡒࢀࡢᅜ࡟࠾ࡅࡿᩍ⫱ไᗘ࡟ᇶ࡙࠸ࡓࢭ࣮ࣇࢸ࢕
ࣉ࣮ࣟࣔࢩࣙࣥࢫࢡ࣮ࣝάືࡀᅜ㝿ⓗ࡟ᒎ㛤ࡉࢀ࡚࠸ࡿ[9]࡜ࡇࢁ࡛࠶ࡿࠋ
ࡑࡇ࡛ᮏሗ࡛ࡣࠊάື㛤ጞ࠿ࡽ 5 ᖺࢆ⤒㐣ࡋࠊᅜෆእ࡛ࡢᬑཬࡀ㐍ࡵࡽࢀ࡚࠸ࡿࢭ࣮ࣇ
ࢸ࢕ࣉ࣮ࣟࣔࢩࣙࣥࢫࢡ࣮ࣝ࡟࠾ࡅࡿάືࡢ࢚ࣅࢹࣥࢫ࡜࡞ࡿᐈほⓗ࡞ホ౯ᇶ‽ࡢ᪉ྥᛶ࡟ࡘ࠸᳨࡚ウࡍࡿᚲせࡀ࠶ࡿ࡜⪃࠼ࠊ௧࿴ඖᖺᗘᮎ᫬Ⅼ࡟࠾ࡅࡿ᪥ᮏᅜෆࡢࢭ࣮ࣇࢸ࢕ࣉ
࣮ࣟࣔࢩࣙࣥࢫࢡ࣮ࣝㄆドᰯࢆᑐ㇟࡟ࠊྛᰯෆ࡛Ⓨ⏕ࡋࡓእയࡢཷ⒪≧ἣ࡜⅏ᐖඹ῭⤥௜ࡢ⏦ㄳ≧ἣࠊࢭ࣮ࣇࢸ࢕ࣉ࣮ࣟࣔࢩࣙࣥࢫࢡ࣮ࣝάື࡟㛵ࢃࡗࡓඣ❺⏕ᚐ࣭ᩍ⫋ဨ࣭PTA ཬࡧᆅᇦఫẸࡢࠕᏛᰯᏳ඲ࠖ࡟㛵ࢃࡿᏳ඲ព㆑࡜Ᏻ඲⾜ືࡢኚ໬ࢆホ౯ࡍࡿࡓࡵࡢᇶ♏ⓗ㈨ᩱ
ࢆᚓࡿࡓࡵࡢㄪᰝࢆᐇ᪋ࡋࡓࡢ࡛ࠊࡑࡢ㞟ィ⤖ᯝ࡟ࡘ࠸࡚ሗ࿌ࡍࡿࠋָߏ҈સਬ਒ιϱνʖ‫ن‬གྷ ୊  ‫ת‬ϩ㸬᪉  ἲ ㄪᰝᑐ㇟ࡣࠊ௧࿴ඖᖺᗘᮎ᫬Ⅼ࡛᪥ᮏࢭ࣮ࣇࢸ࢕ࣉ࣮ࣟࣔࢩࣙࣥࢫࢡ࣮ࣝ༠㆟఍࡜ࠕࢭ࣮
ࣇࢸ࢕ࣉ࣮ࣟࣔࢩࣙࣥࢫࢡ࣮ࣝ༠ᐃ᭩ࠖࢆ஺᥮ࡋࠊࢭ࣮ࣇࢸ࢕ࣉ࣮ࣟࣔࢩࣙࣥࢫࢡ࣮ࣝࡢㄆ
ドࢆཷࡅ࡚࠸ࡿ᪥ᮏᅜෆࡢᏛᰯ  ᰯࢆᑐ㇟࡟ࠊࠕࢭ࣮ࣇࢸ࢕ࣉ࣮ࣟࣔࢩࣙࣥࢫࢡ࣮ࣝάື
࡟㛵ࡍࡿㄪᰝࠖ࡜㢟ࡋࡓ࢔ࣥࢣ࣮ࢺㄪᰝࢆᐇ᪋ࡋࡓࠋ ㄪᰝࡢෆᐜࡣࠊࡲࡎࢭ࣮ࣇࢸ࢕ࣉ࣮ࣟࣔࢩࣙࣥࢫࢡ࣮ࣝάືࢆᐈほⓗ࡟ホ౯ࡍࡿࡓࡵࡢ
࢚ࣅࢹࣥࢫࡢ  ࡘ࡜࡞ࡿᏛᰯෆ࡟࠾ࡅࡿእയࡢⓎ⏕≧ἣ࡟ࡘ࠸࡚ࠊᖹᡂ  ᖺᗘ࠿ࡽᖹᡂ ᖺᗘࡲ࡛ࠊྛᖺᗘࡈ࡜࡟ᰯෆ࡛Ⓨ⏕ࡋࡓእയ࡟ࡼࡗ࡚ࠊᙜヱᰯࡢඣ❺⏕ᚐࡀಖ೺ᐊ࡛ฎ⨨ࢆཷࡅࡓᘏ࡭௳ᩘ࡜ࠊྛᖺᗘࡈ࡜࡟᪥ᮏࢫ࣏࣮ࢶ᣺⯆ࢭࣥࢱ࣮ࡢ⅏ᐖඹ῭⤥௜ࢆ⏦ㄳࡋࡓᘏ࡭௳ᩘࡢࢹ࣮ࢱࡢᥦ౪ࢆồࡵࡓࠋࡑࡢᚋࠊྛᰯ࡟࠾ࡅࡿྛᖺᗘࡢ  ᭶  ᪥᫬Ⅼ࡛ࡢᅾ⡠ඣ❺⏕ᚐᩘࢆᇶ࡟ࠊಖ೺ᐊ࡛ࡢࠕᖹᆒእയཷ⒪ᅇᩘࠖ࡜ࠊ᪥ᮏࢫ࣏࣮ࢶ᣺⯆ࢭࣥࢱ࣮࡬ࡢࠕ⅏ᐖඹ῭⤥௜⏦ㄳ๭ྜࠖࢆ⟬ฟࡋࡓࠋ ḟ࡟ࠊࢭ࣮ࣇࢸ࢕ࣉ࣮ࣟࣔࢩࣙࣥࢫࢡ࣮ࣝάື࡟࠾ࡅࡿࠕᏛᰯᏳ඲ࠖࡢලయⓗ࡞ෆᐜ࡜ࡋ
࡚ࠊ௨ୗ࡟♧ࡋࡓ㉁ၥ  ࠿ࡽ㉁ၥ  ࡢࠕㄪᰝ⚊࡟࠾ࡅࡿ㉁ၥෆᐜࠖ࡟ࡘ࠸࡚ࠊྛᰯ࡛ࢭ࣮
ࣇࢸ࢕ࣉ࣮ࣟࣔࢩࣙࣥࢫࢡ࣮ࣝάືࢆ୺࡟ᢸᙜࡋ࡚࠸ࡿᩍㅍࢆᑐ㇟࡟ࠊ ௳ἲ㸦ᛮ࠺࣭࡝ࡕ
ࡽ࠿࡜࠸࠼ࡤᛮ࠺࣭࡝ࡕࡽ࡜ࡶ࠸࠼࡞࠸࣭࡝ࡕࡽ࠿࡜࠸࠼ࡤᛮࢃ࡞࠸࣭ᛮࢃ࡞࠸㸧࡟ࡼࡿᅇ⟅ࢆồࡵࡓࠋేࡏ࡚ࠊ㉁ၥ  ࠿ࡽ㉁ၥ  ࡢᅇ⟅࡟㛵ࢃࡗ࡚ࠊᅇ⟅ࡢ᰿ᣐ࡜࡞ࡿࡼ࠺࡞ࢹ࣮
ࢱ࣭㈨ᩱࡢ᭷↓࡟ࡘ࠸࡚㉁ၥࢆ⾜ࡗࡓࠋㄪᰝ⚊࡟࠾ࡅࡿ㉁ၥෆᐜ
㉁ၥ  ࢭ࣮ࣇࢸ࢕ࣉ࣮ࣟࣔࢩࣙࣥࢫࢡ࣮ࣝάືࡢᏳ඲ᩍ⫱࡟ࡼࡗ࡚ࠊඣ❺࣭⏕ᚐࡢᰯෆ࡛
ࡢࠕእയண㜵ࠖ࡟㛵ࡍࡿࠕᏳ඲ព㆑ࠖࡀ㧗ࡲࡗࡓࠋ
㉁ၥ  ࢭ࣮ࣇࢸ࢕ࣉ࣮ࣟࣔࢩࣙࣥࢫࢡ࣮ࣝάືࡢᏳ඲ᩍ⫱࡟ࡼࡗ࡚ࠊඣ❺࣭⏕ᚐࡢᰯෆ࡛
ࡢࠕእയண㜵ࠖ࡟㛵ࢃࡿࠕᏳ඲⾜ືࠖࡀᨵၿࡉࢀࡓࠋ
㉁ၥ  ࢭ࣮ࣇࢸ࢕ࣉ࣮ࣟࣔࢩࣙࣥࢫࢡ࣮ࣝάືࡢᏳ඲ᩍ⫱ࡢᐇ㊶ࢆ㏻ࡌ࡚ࠊᩍ⫋ဨࡢࠕඣ❺࣭⏕ᚐࡢᰯෆ࡛ࡢእയண㜵ࠖ࡟㛵ࡍࡿࠕᏳ඲ព㆑ࠖࡀ㧗ࡲࡗࡓࠋ
㉁ၥ  ࢭ࣮ࣇࢸ࢕ࣉ࣮ࣟࣔࢩࣙࣥࢫࢡ࣮ࣝάືࡢᏳ඲ᩍ⫱ࡢᐇ㊶ࢆ㏻ࡌ࡚ࠊᩍ⫋ဨࡢࠕඣ❺࣭⏕ᚐࡢᰯෆ࡛ࡢእയண㜵ࠖ࡟㛵ࢃࡿࠕᏳ඲⾜ືࠖࡀᨵၿࡉࢀࡓࠋ
㉁ၥ  ࢭ࣮ࣇࢸ࢕ࣉ࣮ࣟࣔࢩࣙࣥࢫࢡ࣮ࣝάືࡢᏳ඲ᩍ⫱࡟ࡼࡗ࡚ࠊඣ❺࣭⏕ᚐࡢࠕ≢⨥⿕ᐖࡢண㜵ࠖ࡟㛵ࡍࡿࠕᏳ඲ព㆑ࠖࡀ㧗ࡲࡗࡓࠋ
㉁ၥ  ࢭ࣮ࣇࢸ࢕ࣉ࣮ࣟࣔࢩࣙࣥࢫࢡ࣮ࣝάືࡢᏳ඲ᩍ⫱࡟ࡼࡗ࡚ࠊඣ❺࣭⏕ᚐࡢࠕ≢⨥⿕ᐖࡢண㜵ࠖ࡟㛵ࢃࡿࠕᏳ඲⾜ືࠖࡀᨵၿࡉࢀࡓࠋ
㉁ၥ  ࢭ࣮ࣇࢸ࢕ࣉ࣮ࣟࣔࢩࣙࣥࢫࢡ࣮ࣝάືࡢᏳ඲ᩍ⫱ࡢᐇ㊶ࢆ㏻ࡌ࡚ࠊᩍ⫋ဨࡢࠕඣ❺࣭⏕ᚐࡢ≢⨥⿕ᐖࡢண㜵ࠖ࡟㛵ࡍࡿࠕᏳ඲ព㆑ࠖࡀ㧗ࡲࡗࡓࠋ
㉁ၥ  ࢭ࣮ࣇࢸ࢕ࣉ࣮ࣟࣔࢩࣙࣥࢫࢡ࣮ࣝάືࡢᏳ඲ᩍ⫱ࡢᐇ㊶ࢆ㏻ࡌ࡚ࠊᩍ⫋ဨࡢࠕඣ❺࣭⏕ᚐࡢ≢⨥⿕ᐖࡢண㜵ࠖ࡟㛵ࢃࡿࠕᏳ඲⾜ືࠖࡀᨵၿࡉࢀࡓࠋ㉁ၥ  ࢭ࣮ࣇࢸ࢕ࣉ࣮ࣟࣔࢩࣙࣥࢫࢡ࣮ࣝάືࡢᏳ඲ᩍ⫱ࡸ㑊㞴カ⦎࡟ࡼࡗ࡚ࠊඣ❺࣭⏕ᚐࡢࠕ⅏ᐖᏳ඲ࠖ࡟㛵ࡍࡿࠕᏳ඲ព㆑ࠖࡀ㧗ࡲࡗࡓࠋ
㉁ၥ  ࢭ࣮ࣇࢸ࢕ࣉ࣮ࣟࣔࢩࣙࣥࢫࢡ࣮ࣝάືࡢᏳ඲ᩍ⫱ࡸ㑊㞴カ⦎࡟ࡼࡗ࡚ࠊඣ❺࣭⏕ᚐࡢࠕ⅏ᐖᏳ඲ࠖ࡟㛵ࢃࡿࠕᏳ඲⾜ືࠖࡀᨵၿࡉࢀࡓࠋ
㉁ၥ  ࢭ࣮ࣇࢸ࢕ࣉ࣮ࣟࣔࢩࣙࣥࢫࢡ࣮ࣝάືࡢᏳ඲ᩍ⫱ࡸ㑊㞴カ⦎ࡢᐇ㊶ࢆ㏻ࡌ࡚ࠊᩍ
⫋ဨࡢࠕ⅏ᐖⓎ⏕᫬ࡢඣ❺࣭⏕ᚐࡢᏳ඲☜ಖࠖ࡟㛵ࡍࡿࠕᏳ඲ព㆑ࠖࡀ㧗ࡲࡗࡓࠋ
㉁ၥ  ࢭ࣮ࣇࢸ࢕ࣉ࣮ࣟࣔࢩࣙࣥࢫࢡ࣮ࣝάືࡢᏳ඲ᩍ⫱ࡸ㑊㞴カ⦎ࡢᐇ㊶ࢆ㏻ࡌ࡚ࠊᩍ
౽ీʁιʖϓτΡϕϫϠʖεϥϱηέʖϩ͹‫׈‬ಊয়‫ڱ‬͹඲ՃͶ‫ͤؖ‬Ζ௒ࠬ⫋ဨࡢࠕ⅏ᐖⓎ⏕᫬ࡢඣ❺࣭⏕ᚐࡢᏳ඲☜ಖࠖ࡟㛵ࢃࡿࠕᏳ඲⾜ືࠖࡀᨵၿࡉࢀࡓࠋ
㉁ၥ  ࢭ࣮ࣇࢸ࢕ࣉ࣮ࣟࣔࢩࣙࣥࢫࢡ࣮ࣝάືࡢᏳ඲ᩍ⫱࡟ࡼࡗ࡚ࠊඣ❺࣭⏕ᚐࡢࠕ஺㏻
Ᏻ඲ࠖ࡟㛵ࡍࡿࠕᏳ඲ព㆑ࠖࡀ㧗ࡲࡗࡓࠋ
㉁ၥ  ࢭ࣮ࣇࢸ࢕ࣉ࣮ࣟࣔࢩࣙࣥࢫࢡ࣮ࣝάືࡢᏳ඲ᩍ⫱࡟ࡼࡗ࡚ࠊඣ❺࣭⏕ᚐࡢࠕ஺㏻
Ᏻ඲ࠖ࡟㛵ࢃࡿࠕᏳ඲⾜ືࠖࡀᨵၿࡉࢀࡓࠋ
㉁ၥ  ࢭ࣮ࣇࢸ࢕ࣉ࣮ࣟࣔࢩࣙࣥࢫࢡ࣮ࣝάືࡢᏳ඲ᩍ⫱ࡢᐇ㊶ࢆ㏻ࡌ࡚ࠊᩍ⫋ဨࡢࠕඣ❺࣭⏕ᚐࡢ஺㏻Ᏻ඲ࠖ࡟㛵ࡍࡿࠕᏳ඲ព㆑ࠖࡀ㧗ࡲࡗࡓࠋ
㉁ၥ  ࢭ࣮ࣇࢸ࢕ࣉ࣮ࣟࣔࢩࣙࣥࢫࢡ࣮ࣝάືࡢᏳ඲ᩍ⫱ࡢᐇ㊶ࢆ㏻ࡌ࡚ࠊᩍ⫋ဨࡢࠕඣ❺࣭⏕ᚐࡢ஺㏻Ᏻ඲ࠖ࡟㛵ࢃࡿࠕᏳ඲⾜ືࠖࡀᨵၿࡉࢀࡓࠋ
㉁ၥ  ࢭ࣮ࣇࢸ࢕ࣉ࣮ࣟࣔࢩࣙࣥࢫࢡ࣮ࣝάືࡢᏳ඲Ⅼ᳨࡞࡝Ꮫᰯ࡟࠾ࡅࡿᏳ඲⟶⌮࡟㛵ࡍࡿάືࢆ㏻ࡌ࡚ࠊᩍ⫋ဨࡢࠕᏳ඲ព㆑ࠖࡀ㧗ࡲࡗࡓࠋ
㉁ၥ  ࢭ࣮ࣇࢸ࢕ࣉ࣮ࣟࣔࢩࣙࣥࢫࢡ࣮ࣝάືࡢᏳ඲Ⅼ᳨࡞࡝Ꮫᰯ࡟࠾ࡅࡿᏳ඲⟶⌮࡟㛵ࡍࡿάືࢆ㏻ࡌ࡚ࠊᩍ⫋ဨࡢࠕᏳ඲⾜ືࠖࡀᨵၿࡉࢀࡓࠋ
㉁ၥ  ᏛᰯᏳ඲ጤဨ఍➼ࡢࢭ࣮ࣇࢸ࢕ࣉ࣮ࣟࣔࢩࣙࣥࢫࢡ࣮ࣝάືࢆ㏻ࡌ࡚ࠊ37$ ࡢࠕᏛᰯᏳ඲ࠖ࡟㛵ࢃࡿάື࡬ࡢࠕ༠ാព㆑ࠖࡀ㧗ࡲࡗࡓࠋ
㉁ၥ  ᏛᰯᏳ඲ጤဨ఍➼ࡢࢭ࣮ࣇࢸ࢕ࣉ࣮ࣟࣔࢩࣙࣥࢫࢡ࣮ࣝάືࢆ㏻ࡌ࡚ࠊ37$ ࡢࠕᏛᰯᏳ඲ࠖ࡟㛵ࢃࡿάື࡬ࡢࠕ༠ാᐇ㊶ࠖࡀᨵၿࡉࢀࡓࠋ
㉁ၥ  ᏛᰯᏳ඲ጤဨ఍➼ࡢࢭ࣮ࣇࢸ࢕ࣉ࣮ࣟࣔࢩࣙࣥࢫࢡ࣮ࣝάືࢆ㏻ࡌ࡚ࠊᆅᇦࡢேࠎ
ࡢࠕᏛᰯᏳ඲ࠖ࡟㛵ࢃࡿάື࡬ࡢࠕ༠ാព㆑ࠖࡀ㧗ࡲࡗࡓࠋ
㉁ၥ  ᏛᰯᏳ඲ጤဨ఍➼ࡢࢭ࣮ࣇࢸ࢕ࣉ࣮ࣟࣔࢩࣙࣥࢫࢡ࣮ࣝάືࢆ㏻ࡌ࡚ࠊᆅᇦࡢேࠎ
ࡢࠕᏛᰯᏳ඲ࠖ࡟㛵ࢃࡿάື࡬ࡢࠕ༠ാᐇ㊶ࠖࡀᨵၿࡉࢀࡓࠋ ㄪᰝࡣࠊ௧࿴ඖᖺ  ᭶࡟ㄪᰝ⚊ࢆྛᰯ࡬࣓࣮ࣝῧ௜࡛㓄ᕸࡋࠊㄪᰝᑐ㇟ᰯ  ᰯ୰  ᰯ࠿ࡽᅇ⟅ࡀᚓࡽࢀࡓࠋ
࡞࠾ᚓࡽࢀࡓࢹ࣮ࢱࡣࠊ6366YHU ࢆ⏝࠸࡚㞟ィ࣭ゎᯒࢆ⾜࠸ࠊ⤫ィᏛⓗ࡞᳨ᐃࡣ 㸣Ỉ‽ࢆ⏝࠸ࡓࠋ
Ϫ㸬⤖  ᯝ ᅇ⟅ࡀ࠶ࡗࡓ  ᰯ࡟ࡘ࠸࡚ࠊㄪᰝ᫬Ⅼ࡟࠾࠸࡚ࢭ࣮ࣇࢸ࢕ࣉ࣮ࣟࣔࢩࣙࣥࢫࢡ࣮ࣝάື
ࡢ⥅⥆ᮇ㛫ࢆᇶ‽࡟ࠊ ᖺ㛫௨ୖ⥅⥆ࡋ࡚࠸䠄ᅇ㻛ඣ❺⏕ᚐ䠅ࡿ⩌㸦௨ୗࠕ ᖺ௨ୖ⩌ࠖ࡜⾲グ㸧࡜  ᖺ㛫㻟ᖺ௨ୖ㻡ᮍ‶ࡢ⩌㸦௨ୗࠕ ᖺᮍ‶⩌ࠖ࡜⾲グ㸧࡟ศ㻟ᖺᮍ‶㢮ࡋࡓࠋࡑࡢ⤖ᯝࠊࠕ ᖺ௨ୖ⩌ࠖࡣ  ᰯࠊ㻠ࠕ ᖺᮍ‶⩌ࠖࡣ  ᰯ࡜ศ㢮ࡉࢀࡓࠋ
㻟㸦㸯㸧ᖹᆒእയཷ⒪ᅇᩘ࡜⅏ᐖඹ῭⤥௜⏦ㄳ๭ྜࡢᖺḟ᥎⛣࡟ࡘ࠸࡚
㻞 ࢭ࣮ࣇࢸ࢕ࣉ࣮ࣟࣔࢩࣙࣥࢫࢡ࣮ࣝάື
ࡢ⥅⥆ᮇ㛫࡟ࡼࡾ༊ศࡋࡓࠕ ᖺ௨ୖ⩌ࠖ࡜㻝ࠕ ᖺᮍ‶⩌ࠖ࡟ࡘ࠸࡚ࠊᖹᡂ  ᖺᗘ࠿ࡽ㻜ᖹᡂ  ᖺᗘࡲ࡛ࠊྛᖺᗘࡈ࡜࡟ᰯෆ࡛Ⓨ⏕
㻴㻞㻤
㻴㻞㻥
㻴㻟㻜
ࡋࡓእയ࡟ࡼࡗ࡚ಖ೺ᐊ࡛ฎ⨨ࢆཷࡅࡓᘏ
ᅗ636άືᖺᩘ⩌ู࡟ࡳࡓ࡭௳ᩘࢆࠊࡑࢀࡒࢀࡢᖺᗘࡢඣ❺࣭⏕ᚐᩘ࡛ᖹᆒእയཷ⒪ᅇᩘࡢᖺᗘẚ㍑
๭ࡗࡓ್ࢆྛᖺᗘࡢࠕᖹᆒእയཷ⒪ᅇᩘࠖ࡜ָߏ҈સਬ਒ιϱνʖ‫ن‬གྷ ୊  ‫ת‬ࡋ࡚ẚ㍑ࡋࡓ⤖ᯝࠊᅗ㸯࡟♧⾲ 㻝䠊ᖹᆒእയཷ⒪ᅇᩘ䛻䛴䛔䛶䛾ศᩓศᯒ⾲㻌ࡋࡓࡼ࠺࡟ࠊࠕ ᖺ௨ୖ⩌࡛ࠖ
ኚືᅉ
ᖹ᪉࿴
⮬⏤ᗘ ᖹᆒᖹ᪉
)ࡣࠊᖹᡂ  ᖺᗘࡀ  ᅇࠊᖹᖺᗘ

ᡂ  ᖺᗘࡀ  ᅇࠊᖹᡂ  ᖺ⥅⥆ᮇ㛫
  ᗘࡀ  ᅇ࡜࡞ࡾࠊࠕ ᖺᮍ‶
஺஫స⏝

⩌࡛ࠖࡣࠊᖹᡂ  ᖺᗘࡀ ㄗᕪ

ᅇࠊᖹᡂ  ᖺᗘࡀ  ᅇࠊᖹ඲యᡂ  ᖺᗘࡀ  ᅇ࡜࡞ࡗ࡚࠸
㻖㻖䠖㼜㻨㻜㻚㻜㻝㻌ࡓࠋࡇࡢࢹ࣮ࢱ࡟ࡘ࠸࡚  せᅉ㸦ࠕᖺᗘࠖ࡜ࠕ⥅⥆ᮇ㛫ࠖ㸧ᆺศᩓศᯒࢆ⾜ࡗࡓ⤖ᯝࠊ⾲  ࡟♧ࡋࡓࡼ࠺࡟ࠊ
ࠕ⥅⥆ᮇ㛫ࠖࡢ
ࡳ࡛୺ຠᯝ㸦) 㸪S㸧ࡀほᐹࡉࢀࠊࠕᖺᗘࠖཬࡧ஺஫స⏝ࡢຠᯝࡣほᐹࡉࢀ࡞࠿ࡗ
ࡓࠋḟ࡟ᖹᡂ  ᖺᗘ࠿ࡽᖹᡂ  ᖺᗘࡲ࡛ࠊྛᖺᗘࡈ࡜࡟Ꮫᰯࡢ⟶⌮ୗ࡛Ⓨ⏕ࡋࡓእയ἞⒪࡟㛵ࢃࡗ࡚᪥ᮏࢫ࣏࣮ࢶ᣺⯆ࢭࣥࢱ࣮ࡢ⅏䠄䠂㻛ඣ❺⏕ᚐ䠅㻟ᖺ௨ୖᐖඹ῭⤥௜ࢆ⏦ㄳࡋࡓᘏ࡭௳ᩘࢆࠊࡑࢀࡒ
㻝㻞㻚㻜㻑
㻟ᖺᮍ‶
ࢀࡢᖺᗘࡢඣ❺࣭⏕ᚐᩘ࡛๭ࡗࡓ್>10-12@඲ᅜᖹᆒࢆྛᖺᗘࡢࠕ⅏ᐖඹ῭⤥௜⏦ㄳ๭ྜࠖ࡜ࡋ࡚ 㻝㻜㻚㻜㻑ẚ㍑ࡋࡓ⤖ᯝࠊᅗ  ࡟♧ࡋࡓࡼ࠺࡟ࠊ
ࠕ ᖺ
㻤㻚㻜㻑
௨ୖ⩌࡛ࠖࡣࠊᖹᡂ  ᖺᗘࡀ 㸣ࠊᖹᡂ ᖺᗘࡀ 㸣ࠊᖹᡂ  ᖺᗘࡀ 㸣࡜࡞㻢㻚㻜㻑ࡾࠊࠕ ᖺᮍ‶⩌࡛ࠖࡣࠊᖹᡂ  ᖺᗘࡀ㸣ࠊᖹᡂ  ᖺᗘࡀ 㸣ࠊᖹᡂ  ᖺᗘ㻠㻚㻜㻑ࡀ 㸣࡜࡞ࡗ࡚࠸ࡓࠋ࡞࠾ཧ⪃࡜ࡋ࡚ࠊ᪥
㻞㻚㻜㻑ᮏࢫ࣏࣮ࢶ᣺⯆ࢭࣥࢱ࣮ࡀⓎ⾲ࡋ࡚࠸ࡿྛ
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ㄪᰝᖺᗘ࡟ㄳồࡀ࠶ࡗࡓ⅏ᐖඹ῭⤥௜௳ᩘᅗ636άືᖺᩘ⩌ู࡟ࡳࡓࢆࡶ࡜࡟ᖹᆒ್ࢆ⟬ฟࡋࡓ⤖ᯝࢆࠊྠࡌᅗ ⅏ᐖඹ῭⤥௜⏦ㄳ๭ྜࡢᖺᗘẚ㍑
࡟ࠕ඲ᅜᖹᆒࠖ࡜ࡋ࡚⾲グࡋ࡚࠸ࡿࠋ⾲ 㻞䠊⅏ᐖඹ῭⤥௜⏦ㄳ๭ྜ䛻䛴䛔䛶䛾ศᩓศᯒ⾲㻌ࡲࡓࡇࡢࢹ࣮ࢱ࡟ࡘ࠸࡚ࡶ
ኚືᅉ
ᖹ᪉࿴
⮬⏤ᗘ ᖹᆒᖹ᪉
)ྠᵝ࡟  せᅉ㸦ࠕᖺᗘࠖ࡜ࠕ⥅ᖺᗘ

⥆ᮇ㛫ࠖ㸧ᆺศᩓศᯒࢆ⾜ࡗࡓ⥅⥆ᮇ㛫

 ⤖ᯝࠊ⾲  ࡟♧ࡋࡓࡼ࠺࡟ࠊ
஺஫స⏝

ࠕ⥅⥆ᮇ㛫ࠖࡢࡳ࡛୺ຠᯝ
ㄗᕪ
㸦) 㸪S㸧ࡀほᐹࡉ඲యࢀࠊࠕᖺᗘࠖཬࡧ஺஫స⏝ࡢຠ
㸸Sᯝࡣほᐹࡉࢀ࡞࠿ࡗࡓࠋ
㸦㸰㸧ࢭ࣮ࣇࢸ࢕ࣉ࣮ࣟࣔࢩࣙࣥࢫࢡ࣮ࣝάື࡟ࡼࡿࠕᏳ඲ព㆑ࠖ࡜ࠕᏳ඲⾜ືࠖࡢኚ໬࡟
㛵ࡍࡿྛᰯࡢᏛᰯᏳ඲ᢸᙜ⪅࡟ࡼࡿホ౯⤖ᯝ࡟ࡘ࠸࡚ ࢭ࣮ࣇࢸ࢕ࣉ࣮ࣟࣔࢩࣙࣥࢫࢡ࣮ࣝάື࡜ࡋ࡚ᒎ㛤ࡉࢀࡿෆᐜ࡟ࡘ࠸࡚ࠊ᪤࡟ࠕ᪉ἲࠖࡢ
୰࡛ࠕ㉁ၥ ࠖ࠿ࡽࠕ㉁ၥ ࠖ࡜ࡋ࡚ㄝ᫂ࡋࡓࡼ࠺࡟ࠊࢭ࣮ࣇࢸ࢕ࣉ࣮ࣟࣔࢩࣙࣥࢫࢡ࣮ࣝ
άືࡢᐇ㊶ࢆᢸ࠺ࡇ࡜ࡀᮇᚅࡉࢀ࡚࠸ࡿᑐ㇟㞟ᅋ࡜ࡋ࡚ࠊࠕϸඣ❺⏕ᚐࠖࠊࠕϹᩍ⫋ဨࠖࠊ
ࠕϺ37$ࠖࠕϻᆅᇦఫẸࠖࢆタᐃࡋࠊࡑࢀࡒࢀࡢᑐ㇟㞟ᅋࡈ࡜࡟ࠊձඣ❺⏕ᚐ࡟ࡼࡿࠕ⏕ά౽ీʁιʖϓτΡϕϫϠʖεϥϱηέʖϩ͹‫׈‬ಊয়‫ڱ‬͹඲ՃͶ‫ͤؖ‬Ζ௒ࠬᏳ඲㸦ᰯෆ࡛ࡢእയண㜵㸧ࠖ࡟㛵ࢃࡿάືࠊղඣ❺⏕ᚐ࡟ࡼࡿࠕ⏕άᏳ඲ࠖ㸦≢⨥⿕ᐖࡢண㜵㸧࡟㛵ࢃࡿάືࠊճᩍ⫋ဨࡢࠕඣ❺⏕ᚐࡢ⏕άᏳ඲㸦ᰯෆ࡛ࡢእയண㜵㸧ࠖ࡟㛵ࢃࡿάືࠊմ
ᩍ⫋ဨࡢࠕඣ❺⏕ᚐࡢ⏕άᏳ඲㸦≢⨥⿕ᐖࡢண㜵㸧ࠖ࡟㛵ࢃࡿάືࠊյඣ❺⏕ᚐ࡟ࡼࡿࠕ⅏ᐖᏳ඲ࠖ࡟㛵ࢃࡿάືࠊնᩍ⫋ဨࡢࠕඣ❺⏕ᚐࡢ⅏ᐖᏳ඲ࠖ࡟㛵ࢃࡿάືࠊշඣ❺⏕ᚐ࡟ࡼ
ࡿࠕ஺㏻Ᏻ඲ࠖ࡟㛵ࢃࡿάືࠊոᩍ⫋ဨࡢࠕඣ❺⏕ᚐࡢ஺㏻Ᏻ඲ࠖ࡟㛵ࢃࡿάືࠊչᩍ⫋ဨ
ࡢࠕᏳ඲Ⅼ᳨ࢆ㏻ࡌࡓᏳ඲⟶⌮ࠖ࡟㛵ࢃࡿάືࠊպ37$ ࡢࠕᏛᰯᏳ඲ࠖ࡟㛵ࢃࡿάືࠊջᆅ
ᇦఫẸࡢࠕᏛᰯᏳ඲ࠖ࡟㛵ࢃࡿάື࡟༊ศࡋࠊձ㹼ջࡢࡑࢀࡒࢀࡢࢭ࣮ࣇࢸ࢕ࣉ࣮ࣟࣔࢩࣙ
ࣥࢫࢡ࣮ࣝάື࡬ࡢཧຍࡸᐇ㊶࡟ࡼࡗ࡚ࠊᑐ㇟㞟ᅋࡢᏳ඲ព㆑࡜Ᏻ඲⾜ືࡢኚ໬࡟ࡘ࠸࡚ࠊ
ྛᰯࡢᏛᰯᏳ඲ᢸᙜ⪅࡟ホ౯ࡍࡿࡼ࠺ồࡵࡓࠋ࡞࠾ホ౯࡟࠶ࡓࡗ࡚ࡣࠊࠕ㧗ࡲࡗࡓ㸦ᨵၿࡉࢀࡓ㸧࡜ᛮ࠺ࠖࠊ
ࠕ࡝ࡕࡽ࡜ࡶ࠸࠼࡞࠸ࠖ
ࠊࠕ㧗ࡲࡗࡓ㸦ᨵၿࡉࢀࡓ㸧࡜ࡣᛮࢃ࡞࠸ࠖࡢ  ẁ㝵࡛ࠊྛᰯࡢᏛᰯᏳ඲ᢸᙜ⪅࡟୺ほⓗ࡟ホ౯ࡋ࡚ᅇ⟅ࡍࡿࡼ࠺ồࡵࡓࠋࡑࡢ⤖ᯝࠊ⾲  ࡟♧ࡋࡓࡼ࠺࡟ࠊձඣ❺⏕ᚐ࡟࠾ࡅࡿࠕ⏕άᏳ඲㸦ᰯෆ࡛ࡢእയண㜵㸧ࠖ࡟㛵ࢃࡿάື࡟ࡼࡿᏳ඲ព㆑࡜Ᏻ඲⾜ືࡢኚ໬࡟ᑐࡍࡿホ౯⤖ᯝࢆぢࡿ࡜ࠊࠕ ᖺ௨ୖ⩌࡛ࠖࡣ  ᰯ୰ࡍ࡭࡚ࡢᏛᰯ࡛ࠕᏳ඲ព㆑ࡀ㧗ࡲࡗࡓࠖ࡜ᅇ⟅ࡉࢀ࡚࠸ࡓࡶࡢࡢࠊࠕ ᖺᮍ‶⩌࡛ࠖࠕᏳ඲ព㆑ࡀ㧗ࡲࡗࡓࠖ࡜ࡢᅇ⟅ࡣ  ᰯ୰  ᰯࠊ㸣࡟࡜࡝ࡲࡗ࡚࠸ࡓࠋࡲࡓࠕᏳ඲⾜ື࡛ࠖࡣࠊࠕ ᖺ௨ୖ⩌࡛ࠖࡣ  ᰯ୰  ᰯࠊ㸣࡛ࠕᏳ඲⾜ືࡀᨵၿࡉࢀࡓࠖ࡜ᅇ⟅ࡉࢀ࡚࠸ࡓࡶࡢࡢࠊࠕ ᖺᮍ‶⩌࡛ࠖࡣࠕᏳ඲ព㆑ࡀ㧗ࡲࡗࡓࠖ࡜ࡢᅇ⟅ࡣ  ᰯ୰  ᰯࠊ㸣࡛࠶ࡗࡓࠋ࡞࠾ࡇࢀࡽࡢᅇ⟅⤖ᯝ࠿ࡽࡣࠊ࠸ࡎࢀࡶ⤫ィᏛⓗ࡟ 㸣Ỉ‽࡛ࡣ᭷ព࡞ᕪࡀほᐹࡉࢀ࡞࠿ࡗࡓࡶࡢࡢࠊ
ࠕᏳ඲ព㆑ࡀ㧗ࡲࡗࡓࠖࡢ㡯┠࡛ࠊ㸣Ỉ‽࡛ࠕ ᖺ௨ୖ⩌ࠖࡢ࡯࠺ࡀࠕ ᖺᮍ‶⩌ࠖ࡟ẚ࡭࡚ホ౯๭ྜࡀ㧗࠸ഴྥ㸦Ȯ㸰 㸪GI 㸪S㸧ࡀほᐹࡉࢀࡓࡀࠊࠕᏳ඲⾜ືࡀᨵၿࡉࢀࡓ࡛ࠖࡣホ౯๭ྜ࡟㐪࠸ࡣほᐹࡉࢀ࡞࠿ࡗࡓࠋ
ḟ࡟ղࠕඣ❺⏕ᚐࡢ⏕άᏳ඲㸦እയண㜵㸧ࠖ࡟㛵ࢃࡿᣦᑟࢆ㏻ࡌࡓᙜヱᰯࡢᩍ⫋ဨࡢᏳ඲ព㆑࡜Ᏻ඲⾜ືࡢኚ໬ࡢ᭷↓࡟ᑐࡍࡿホ౯⤖ᯝࢆぢࡿ࡜ࠊࠕ ᖺ௨ୖ⩌࡛ࠖࡣ  ᰯ୰ࡍ࡭࡚
ࡢᏛᰯ࡛ࠕᏳ඲ព㆑ࡀ㧗ࡲࡗࡓࠖ࡜ᅇ⟅ࡉࢀ࡚࠸ࡓࡶࡢࡢࠊࠕ ᖺᮍ‶⩌࡛ࠖࠕᏳ඲ព㆑ࡀ
㧗ࡲࡗࡓࠖ࡜ࡢᅇ⟅ࡣ  ᰯ୰  ᰯࠊ㸣࡛࠶ࡗࡓࠋࡲࡓࠕᏳ඲⾜ື࡛ࠖࡣࠊࠕ ᖺ௨ୖ⩌࡛ࠖࡣ  ᰯ୰ࡍ࡭࡚ࡢᏛᰯ࡛ࠕᏳ඲⾜ືࡀᨵၿࡉࢀࡓࠖ࡜ᅇ⟅ࡉࢀ࡚࠸ࡓࡶࡢࡢࠊࠕ ᖺᮍ‶⩌࡛ࠖࡣࠕᏳ඲ព㆑ࡀ㧗ࡲࡗࡓࠖ࡜ࡢᅇ⟅ࡣ  ᰯ୰  ᰯࠊ㸣࡛࠶ࡗࡓࠋࡇࢀࡽᅇ⟅⤖ᯝ࠿ࡽࡣࠊ࠸ࡎࢀࡶ⤫ィᏛⓗ࡞᭷ព࡞ᕪࡣほᐹࡉࢀ࡞࠿ࡗࡓࠋ
ճඣ❺⏕ᚐࡢࠕ⏕άᏳ඲㸦≢⨥⿕ᐖࡢண㜵㸧ࠖ࡟㛵ࡍࡿάື࡟ࡼࡿᏳ඲ព㆑࡜Ᏻ඲⾜ືࡢኚ໬࡟ᑐࡍࡿホ౯⤖ᯝࢆぢࡿ࡜ࠊࠕ ᖺ௨ୖ⩌࡛ࠖࡣ  ᰯ୰ࡍ࡭࡚ࡢᏛᰯ࡛ࠕᏳ඲ព㆑ࡀ㧗ࡲࡗࡓࠖ࡜ᅇ⟅ࡉࢀ࡚࠸ࡓࡶࡢࡢࠊࠕ ᖺᮍ‶⩌࡛ࠖࠕᏳ඲ព㆑ࡀ㧗ࡲࡗࡓࠖ࡜ࡢᅇ⟅ࡣ  ᰯ୰  ᰯࠊ㸣࡟࡜࡝ࡲࡗ࡚࠸ࡓࠋࡲࡓࠕᏳ඲⾜ື࡛ࠖࡣࠊࠕ ᖺ௨ୖ⩌࡛ࠖࡣ  ᰯ୰  ᰯࠊ㸣࡛ࠕᏳ඲⾜ືࡀᨵၿࡉࢀࡓࠖ࡜ᅇ⟅ࡉࢀ࡚࠸ࡓࡶࡢࡢࠊࠕ ᖺᮍ‶⩌࡛ࠖࡣࠕᏳ඲ព㆑
ࡀ㧗ࡲࡗࡓࠖ࡜ࡢᅇ⟅ࡣ  ᰯ୰  ᰯࠊ㸣࡛࠶ࡗࡓࠋࡇࢀࡽᅇ⟅⤖ᯝ࠿ࡽࡣࠊ࠸ࡎࢀࡶ⤫ィᏛⓗ࡟ 㸣Ỉ‽࡛ࡣ᭷ព࡞ᕪࡀほᐹࡉࢀ࡞࠿ࡗࡓࡶࡢࡢࠊ
ࠕᏳ඲ព㆑ࡀ㧗ࡲࡗࡓࠖࡢ㡯┠࡛ࠊ㸣Ỉ‽࡛ࠕ ᖺ௨ୖ⩌ࠖࡢ࡯࠺ࡀࠕ ᖺᮍ‶⩌ࠖ࡟ẚ࡭࡚ホ౯๭ྜࡀ㧗ࡃ࡞ࡿഴྥ㸦Ȯ㸰㸪GI 㸪S㸧ࡀほᐹࡉࢀࡓࡶࡢࡢࠊ
ࠕᏳ඲⾜ືࡀᨵၿࡉࢀࡓ࡛ࠖࡣホ౯๭ྜ࡟㐪࠸ࡣほᐹࡉࢀ࡞࠿ࡗࡓࠋ
մඣ❺⏕ᚐࡢࠕ⏕άᏳ඲㸦≢⨥⿕ᐖࡢண㜵㸧ࠖ࡟㛵ࡍࡿᣦᑟࢆ㏻ࡌࡓᙜヱᰯࡢᩍ⫋ဨࡢᏳ඲ព㆑࡜Ᏻ඲⾜ື࡟࠾ࡅࡿኚ໬ࡢ᭷↓࡟ᑐࡍࡿホ౯⤖ᯝࢆぢࡿ࡜ࠊࠕ ᖺ௨ୖ⩌࡛ࠖࡣ  ᰯ୰ࡍ࡭࡚ࡢᏛᰯ࡛ࠕᏳ඲ព㆑ࡀ㧗ࡲࡗࡓࠖ࡜ᅇ⟅ࡉࢀ࡚࠸ࡓࡶࡢࡢࠊࠕ ᖺᮍ‶⩌࡛ࠖࠕᏳ඲ព㆑ࡀ㧗ࡲࡗࡓࠖ࡜ࡢᅇ⟅ࡣ  ᰯ୰  ᰯࠊ㸣࡛࠶ࡗࡓࠋࡲࡓࠕᏳ඲⾜ື࡛ࠖࡣࠊ
ࠕ ᖺ

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ָߏ҈સਬ਒ιϱνʖ‫ن‬གྷ ୊  ‫ת‬௨ୖ⩌࡛ࠖࡣ  ᰯ୰ࡍ࡭࡚ࡢᏛᰯ࡛ࠕᏳ඲⾜ືࡀᨵၿࡉࢀࡓࠖ࡜ᅇ⟅ࡉࢀ࡚࠸ࡓࡶࡢࡢࠊ
ࠕᖺᮍ‶⩌࡛ࠖࡣࠕᏳ඲⾜ືࡀ㧗ࡲࡗࡓࠖ࡜ࡢᅇ⟅ࡣ  ᰯ୰  ᰯࠊ㸣࡛࡛࠶ࡾࠊࡇࢀࡽᅇ
⟅⤖ᯝ࠿ࡽࡣ࠸ࡎࢀࡶ⤫ィᏛⓗ࡞᭷ព࡞ᕪࡣほᐹࡉࢀ࡞࠿ࡗࡓࠋ⾲ ⥅⥆ᮇ㛫ู࡟ࡳࡓᏳ඲ព㆑㸦༠ຊព㆑㸧࡜Ᏻ඲⾜ື㸦༠ാᐇ㊶㸧ࡢホ౯࡟ࡘ࠸࡚
ձඣ❺⏕ᚐ࣭እയண㜵 ᖺ௨ୖ ᖺᮍ‶

ィᏳ඲ព㆑ࡀ㧗ࡲࡗࡓ  ᰯ㸦㸣㸧 ᰯ㸦㸣㸧㸦㸣㸧Ᏻ඲⾜ືࡀᨵၿࡉࢀࡓ ᰯ㸦㸣㸧 ᰯ㸦㸣㸧㸦㸣㸧ղᩍ⫋ဨ࣭እയண㜵

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Ᏻ඲ព㆑ࡀ㧗ࡲࡗࡓ ᰯ㸦㸣㸧 ᰯ㸦㸣㸧㸦㸣㸧Ᏻ඲⾜ືࡀᨵၿࡉࢀࡓ ᰯ㸦㸣㸧 ᰯ㸦㸣㸧㸦㸣㸧

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Ᏻ඲ព㆑ࡀ㧗ࡲࡗࡓ ᰯ㸦㸣㸧 ᰯ㸦㸣㸧㸦㸣㸧Ᏻ඲⾜ືࡀᨵၿࡉࢀࡓ ᰯ㸦㸣㸧 ᰯ㸦㸣㸧㸦㸣㸧մᩍ⫋ဨ࣭≢⨥⿕ᐖண㜵

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Ᏻ඲ព㆑ࡀ㧗ࡲࡗࡓ ᰯ㸦㸣㸧 ᰯ㸦㸣㸧㸦㸣㸧Ᏻ඲⾜ືࡀᨵၿࡉࢀࡓ ᰯ㸦㸣㸧 ᰯ㸦㸣㸧㸦㸣㸧յඣ❺⏕ᚐ࣭⅏ᐖᏳ඲

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Ᏻ඲ព㆑ࡀ㧗ࡲࡗࡓ ᰯ㸦㸣㸧 ᰯ㸦㸣㸧㸦㸣㸧Ᏻ඲⾜ືࡀᨵၿࡉࢀࡓ ᰯ㸦㸣㸧 ᰯ㸦㸣㸧㸦㸣㸧նᩍ⫋ဨ࣭⅏ᐖᏳ඲

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Ᏻ඲ព㆑ࡀ㧗ࡲࡗࡓ ᰯ㸦㸣㸧 ᰯ㸦㸣㸧㸦㸣㸧Ᏻ඲⾜ືࡀᨵၿࡉࢀࡓ ᰯ㸦㸣㸧 ᰯ㸦㸣㸧㸦㸣㸧շඣ❺⏕ᚐ࣭஺㏻Ᏻ඲

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Ᏻ඲ព㆑ࡀ㧗ࡲࡗࡓ ᰯ㸦㸣㸧 ᰯ㸦㸣㸧㸦㸣㸧Ᏻ඲⾜ືࡀᨵၿࡉࢀࡓ ᰯ㸦㸣㸧 ᰯ㸦㸣㸧㸦㸣㸧ոᩍ⫋ဨ࣭஺㏻Ᏻ඲

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Ᏻ඲ព㆑ࡀ㧗ࡲࡗࡓ ᰯ㸦㸣㸧 ᰯ㸦㸣㸧㸦㸣㸧Ᏻ඲⾜ືࡀᨵၿࡉࢀࡓ ᰯ㸦㸣㸧 ᰯ㸦㸣㸧㸦㸣㸧չᩍ⫋ဨ࣭Ᏻ඲Ⅼ᳨

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Ᏻ඲ព㆑ࡀ㧗ࡲࡗࡓ ᰯ㸦㸣㸧 ᰯ㸦㸣㸧㸦㸣㸧Ᏻ඲⾜ືࡀᨵၿࡉࢀࡓ ᰯ㸦㸣㸧 ᰯ㸦㸣㸧㸦㸣㸧

պ37$࣭ᏛᰯᏳ඲άື

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༠ຊព㆑ࡀ㧗ࡲࡗࡓ ᰯ㸦㸣㸧 ᰯ㸦㸣㸧㸦㸣㸧

༠ാᐇ㊶ࡀᨵၿࡉࢀࡓ ᰯ㸦㸣㸧 ᰯ㸦㸣㸧㸦㸣㸧

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༠ຊព㆑ࡀ㧗ࡲࡗࡓ ᰯ㸦㸣㸧 ᰯ㸦㸣㸧㸦㸣㸧

༠ാᐇ㊶ࡀᨵၿࡉࢀࡓ ᰯ㸦㸣㸧 ᰯ㸦㸣㸧㸦㸣㸧ճඣ❺⏕ᚐ࣭≢⨥⿕ᐖண㜵ջᆅᇦఫẸ࣭ᏛᰯᏳ඲άື

㸸S㸪S㸦Ȯ㸰᳨ᐃ㸧յඣ❺⏕ᚐࡢࠕ⅏ᐖᏳ඲ࠖ࡟㛵ࡍࡿάື࡟ࡼࡿᏳ඲ព㆑࡜Ᏻ඲⾜ືࡢኚ໬࡟ᑐࡍࡿホ౯⤖ᯝࢆぢࡿ࡜ࠊࠕ ᖺ௨ୖ⩌࡛ࠖࡣ  ᰯ୰  ᰯࠊ㸣࡛ࠕᏳ඲ព㆑ࡀ㧗ࡲࡗࡓࠖ࡜ᅇ⟅ࡉࢀ౽ీʁιʖϓτΡϕϫϠʖεϥϱηέʖϩ͹‫׈‬ಊয়‫ڱ‬͹඲ՃͶ‫ͤؖ‬Ζ௒ࠬ࡚࠸ࡓࡶࡢࡢࠊࠕ ᖺᮍ‶⩌࡛ࠖࡣ  ᰯ୰ࡍ࡭࡚ࡢᏛᰯࡀࠕᏳ඲ព㆑ࡀ㧗ࡲࡗࡓࠖ࡜ᅇ⟅ࡋ࡚࠸ࡓࠋࡲࡓࠕᏳ඲⾜ື࡛ࠖࡣࠊࠕ ᖺ௨ୖ⩌ࠖཬࡧࠕ ᖺᮍ‶⩌ࠖ࠸ࡎࢀ࡟࠾࠸࡚ࡶࠊࡍ࡭
࡚ࡢᏛᰯ࡛ࠕᏳ඲ព㆑ࡀ㧗ࡲࡗࡓࠖ࡜ᅇ⟅ࡉࢀ࡚࠾ࡾࠊࡇࢀࡽᅇ⟅⤖ᯝ࠿ࡽࡣࠊ࠸ࡎࢀࡶ⤫ィᏛⓗ࡞᭷ព࡞ᕪࡣほᐹࡉࢀ࡞࠿ࡗࡓࠋ
նඣ❺⏕ᚐ࡬ࡢࠕ⅏ᐖᏳ඲ࠖࡢᣦᑟࢆ㏻ࡌࡓࠕ⅏ᐖⓎ⏕᫬ࡢඣ❺⏕ᚐࡢᏳ඲☜ಖࠖ࡟㛵ࢃࡿᩍ⫋ဨࡢᏳ඲ព㆑࡜Ᏻ඲⾜ືࡢኚ໬ࡢ᭷↓࡟ᑐࡍࡿホ౯⤖ᯝࢆぢࡿ࡜ࠊࠕ ᖺ௨ୖ⩌࡛ࠖࡣ  ᰯ୰  ᰯࠊ㸣࡛ࠕᏳ඲ព㆑ࡀ㧗ࡲࡗࡓࠖ࡜ᅇ⟅ࡉࢀ࡚࠸ࡓࡶࡢࡢࠊࠕ ᖺᮍ‶⩌࡛ࠖࡣ  ᰯ୰ࡍ࡭࡚ࡢᏛᰯ࡛ࠕᏳ඲ព㆑ࡀ㧗ࡲࡗࡓࠖ࡜ᅇ⟅ࡉࢀ࡚࠸ࡓࠋࡲࡓࠕᏳ඲⾜ື࡛ࠖࡣࠊࠕ ᖺ௨ୖ⩌࡛ࠖࡣ  ᰯ୰  ᰯࠊ㸣࡛ࠕᏳ඲⾜ືࡀᨵၿࡉࢀࡓࠖ࡜ᅇ⟅ࡉࢀ࡚࠸ࡓ
ࡶࡢࡢࠊࠕ ᖺᮍ‶⩌࡛ࠖࡣ  ᰯ୰ࡍ࡭࡚ࡢᏛᰯ࡛ࠕᏳ඲⾜ືࡀ㧗ࡲࡗࡓࠖ࡜ᅇ⟅ࡉࢀ࡚࠾ࡾࠊࡇࢀࡽᅇ⟅⤖ᯝ࠿ࡽࡣࠊ࠸ࡎࢀࡶ⤫ィᏛⓗ࡞᭷ព࡞ᕪࡣほᐹࡉࢀ࡞࠿ࡗࡓࠋ
շඣ❺⏕ᚐࡢࠕ஺㏻Ᏻ඲ࠖ࡟㛵ࡍࡿάື࡟ࡼࡿᏳ඲ព㆑࡜Ᏻ඲⾜ືࡢኚ໬࡟ᑐࡍࡿホ౯⤖ᯝࢆぢࡿ࡜ࠊࠕ ᖺ௨ୖ⩌࡛ࠖࡣ  ᰯ୰ࡍ࡭࡚ࡢᏛᰯ࡛ࠕᏳ඲ព㆑ࡀ㧗ࡲࡗࡓࠖ࡜ᅇ⟅ࡉࢀ࡚࠸ࡓࡶࡢࡢࠊࠕ ᖺᮍ‶⩌࡛ࠖࡣ  ᰯ୰  ᰯࠊ㸣࡛ࠕᏳ඲ព㆑ࡀ㧗ࡲࡗࡓࠖ࡜ᅇ⟅ࡉࢀ࡚࠸ࡓࠋࡲࡓࠕᏳ඲⾜ື࡛ࠖࡣࠊࠕ ᖺ௨ୖ⩌࡛ࠖࡣ  ᰯ୰  ᰯࠊ㸣࡛ࠊࠕ ᖺᮍ‶⩌࡛ࠖࡣ  ᰯ୰  ᰯࠊ㸣࡛ࠕᏳ඲ព㆑ࡀ㧗ࡲࡗࡓࠖ࡜ᅇ⟅ࡉࢀ࡚࠾ࡾࠊࡇࢀࡽᅇ⟅⤖ᯝ࠿ࡽࡣࠊ࠸ࡎࢀࡶ⤫ィᏛⓗ࡞᭷ព࡞ᕪࡣほᐹࡉࢀ࡞࠿ࡗࡓࠋ
ոඣ❺⏕ᚐ࡬ࡢࠕ஺㏻Ᏻ඲ࠖࡢᣦᑟࢆ㏻ࡌࡓࠕඣ❺⏕ᚐࡢ஺㏻Ᏻ඲ࠖ࡟㛵ࢃࡿᩍ⫋ဨࡢᏳ඲ព㆑࡜Ᏻ඲⾜ືࡢኚ໬ࡢ᭷↓࡟ᑐࡍࡿホ౯⤖ᯝࢆぢࡿ࡜ࠊࠕ ᖺ௨ୖ⩌࡛ࠖࡣ  ᰯ୰  ᰯࠊ㸣࡛ࠕᏳ඲ព㆑ࡀ㧗ࡲࡗࡓࠖ࡜ᅇ⟅ࡉࢀ࡚࠸ࡓࡶࡢࡢࠊࠕ ᖺᮍ‶⩌࡛ࠖࡣ  ᰯ୰  ᰯࠊ㸣࡛ࠕᏳ඲ព㆑ࡀ㧗ࡲࡗࡓࠖ࡜ᅇ⟅ࡉࢀ࡚࠸ࡓࠋࡲࡓࠕᏳ඲⾜ື࡛ࠖࡣࠊࠕ ᖺ௨ୖ⩌࡛ࠖࡣ  ᰯ୰  ᰯࠊ㸣࡛ࠕᏳ඲⾜ືࡀᨵၿࡉࢀࡓࠖ࡜ᅇ⟅ࡉࢀ࡚࠸ࡓࡶࡢࡢࠊࠕ ᖺᮍ‶⩌࡛ࠖࡣ  ᰯ୰  ᰯࠊ㸣࡛ࠕᏳ඲⾜ືࡀ㧗ࡲࡗࡓࠖ࡜ᅇ⟅ࡉࢀ࡚࠾ࡾࠊࡇࢀࡽᅇ⟅⤖ᯝ࠿ࡽࡣࠊ࠸ࡎࢀࡶ⤫ィᏛⓗ࡞᭷ព࡞ᕪࡣほᐹࡉࢀ࡞࠿ࡗࡓࠋ
չᩍ⫋ဨࡢᏳ඲Ⅼ᳨ࢆ㏻ࡌࡓᏛᰯࡢࠕᏳ඲⟶⌮ࠖ࡟㛵ࡍࡿᏳ඲ព㆑࡜Ᏻ඲⾜ື࡟ᑐࡍࡿホ౯⤖ᯝࢆぢࡿ࡜ࠊࠕ ᖺ௨ୖ⩌࡛ࠖࡣ  ᰯ୰  ᰯࠊ㸣࡛ࠕᏳ඲ព㆑ࡀ㧗ࡲࡗࡓࠖ࡜ᅇ⟅ࡉࢀ࡚࠸ࡓࡶࡢࡢࠊࠕ ᖺᮍ‶⩌࡛ࠖࡣ  ᰯ୰ࡍ࡭࡚ࡢᏛᰯ࡛ࠕᏳ඲ព㆑ࡀ㧗ࡲࡗࡓࠖ࡜ᅇ
⟅ࡉࢀ࡚࠸ࡓࠋࡲࡓࠕᏳ඲⾜ື࡛ࠖࡣࠊࠕ ᖺ௨ୖ⩌࡛ࠖࡣ  ᰯ୰  ᰯࠊ㸣࡛ࠕᏳ඲⾜ືࡀᨵၿࡉࢀࡓࠖ࡜ᅇ⟅ࡉࢀ࡚࠸ࡓࡶࡢࡢࠊࠕ ᖺᮍ‶⩌࡛ࠖࡣ  ᰯ୰ࡍ࡭࡚ࡢᏛᰯ࡛ࠕᏳ
඲⾜ືࡀᨵၿࡉࢀࡓࠖ࡜ᅇ⟅ࡉࢀ࡚࠾ࡾࠊࡇࢀࡽᅇ⟅⤖ᯝ࠿ࡽࡣࠊ࠸ࡎࢀࡶ⤫ィᏛⓗ࡞᭷ព࡞ᕪࡣほᐹࡉࢀ࡞࠿ࡗࡓࠋ ḟ࡟ࠊպ37$ ࡢࢭ࣮ࣇࢸ࢕ࣉ࣮ࣟࣔࢩࣙࣥࢫࢡ࣮ࣝάືࢆ㏻ࡌࡓࠕᏛᰯᏳ඲ࠖ࡟㛵ࡍࡿ༠ຊព㆑࡜༠ാᐇ㊶࡟ᑐࡍࡿホ౯ࢆぢࡿ࡜ࠊࠕ ᖺ௨ୖ⩌࡛ࠖࡣ  ᰯ୰  ᰯࠊ㸣࡛ࠕ༠ຊព㆑ࡀ㧗ࡲࡗࡓࠖ࡜ᅇ⟅ࡉࢀࠊࠕ ᖺᮍ‶⩌࡛ࠖࡣ  ᰯ୰  ᰯࠊ㸣࡛ࠕ༠ຊព㆑ࡀ㧗ࡲࡗࡓࠖ࡜ᅇ⟅ࡉࢀ࡚࠸ࡓࠋࡲࡓࠕ༠ാᐇ㊶࡛ࠖࡣࠊࠕ ᖺ௨ୖ⩌࡛ࠖࡣ  ᰯ୰  ᰯࠊ㸣࡛ࠕ༠ാᐇ㊶ࡀᨵၿࡉࢀࡓࠖ࡜ᅇ⟅ࡉࢀ࡚࠸ࡓࡶࡢࡢࠊࠕ ᖺᮍ‶⩌࡛ࠖࡣ  ᰯ୰  ᰯࠊ㸣࡛ࠕ༠ാᐇ㊶ࡀᨵၿࡉࢀࡓࠖ࡜ᅇ⟅ࡉࢀ࡚࠾ࡾࠊࡇࢀࡽᅇ⟅⤖ᯝ࠿ࡽࡣࠊ࠸ࡎࢀࡶ⤫ィᏛⓗ࡞᭷ព࡞ᕪࡣほᐹࡉࢀ࡞࠿ࡗࡓࠋ ࡲࡓࠊջᆅᇦఫẸࡢࢭ࣮ࣇࢸ࢕ࣉ࣮ࣟࣔࢩࣙࣥࢫࢡ࣮ࣝάືࢆ㏻ࡌࡓࠕᏛᰯᏳ඲ࠖ࡟㛵ࡍࡿ༠ຊព㆑࡜༠ാᐇ㊶࡟ᑐࡍࡿホ౯ࢆぢࡿ࡜ࠊࠕ ᖺ௨ୖ⩌࡛ࠖࡣ  ᰯ୰  ᰯࠊ㸣࡛ࠕ༠ຊព㆑ࡀ㧗ࡲࡗࡓࠖ࡜ᅇ⟅ࡉࢀࠊࠕ ᖺᮍ‶⩌࡛ࠖࡣ  ᰯ୰  ᰯࠊ㸣࡛ࠕ༠ຊព㆑ࡀ㧗ࡲࡗࡓࠖ࡜ᅇ⟅ࡉࢀ࡚࠸ࡓࠋࡲࡓࠕ༠ാᐇ㊶࡛ࠖࡣࠊࠕ ᖺ௨ୖ⩌࡛ࠖࡣ  ᰯ୰  ᰯࠊ㸣ָߏ҈સਬ਒ιϱνʖ‫ن‬གྷ ୊  ‫ת‬࡛ࠕ༠ാᐇ㊶ࡀᨵၿࡉࢀࡓࠖ࡜ᅇ⟅ࡉࢀࠊࠕ ᖺᮍ‶⩌࡛ࠖࡣ  ᰯ୰  ᰯࠊ㸣࡛ࠕ༠ാᐇ㊶ࡀᨵၿࡉࢀࡓࠖ࡜ᅇ⟅ࡉࢀ࡚࠾ࡾࠊࡇࢀࡽᅇ⟅⤖ᯝ࠿ࡽࡣࠊ࠸ࡎࢀࡶ⤫ィᏛⓗ࡞᭷ព࡞ᕪࡣほᐹࡉࢀ࡞࠿ࡗࡓࠋ
㸦㸱㸧ࢭ࣮ࣇࢸ࢕ࣉ࣮ࣟࣔࢩࣙࣥࢫࢡ࣮ࣝάື࡟ࡼࡿࠕᏳ඲ព㆑ࠖ࡜ࠕᏳ඲⾜ືࠖࡢኚ໬ࢆホ౯ࡋࡓ᰿ᣐ࡜࡞ࡿࢹ࣮ࢱ࣭㈨ᩱࡢ᭷↓࡟ࡘ࠸࡚
๓㏙ࡋࡓࢭ࣮ࣇࢸ࢕ࣉ࣮ࣟࣔࢩࣙࣥࢫࢡ࣮ࣝάື࡜ࡋ࡚ᒎ㛤ࡉࢀࡓձඣ❺⏕ᚐ࡟ࡼࡿࠕ⏕άᏳ඲㸦ᰯෆ࡛ࡢእയண㜵㸧ࠖ࡟㛵ࢃࡿάືࠊղඣ❺⏕ᚐ࡟ࡼࡿࠕ⏕άᏳ඲ࠖ㸦≢⨥⿕ᐖࡢண㜵㸧࡟㛵ࢃࡿάືࠊճᩍ⫋ဨࡢࠕඣ❺⏕ᚐࡢ⏕άᏳ඲㸦ᰯෆ࡛ࡢእയண㜵㸧ࠖ࡟㛵ࢃࡿάືࠊմᩍ⫋ဨࡢࠕඣ❺⏕ᚐࡢ⏕άᏳ඲㸦≢⨥⿕ᐖࡢண㜵㸧ࠖ࡟㛵ࢃࡿάືࠊյඣ❺⏕ᚐ࡟ࡼࡿࠕ⅏ᐖᏳ඲ࠖ࡟㛵ࢃࡿάືࠊնᩍ⫋ဨࡢࠕඣ❺⏕ᚐࡢ⅏ᐖᏳ඲ࠖ࡟㛵ࢃࡿάືࠊշඣ❺⏕ᚐ࡟ࡼࡿࠕ஺㏻Ᏻ඲ࠖ࡟㛵ࢃࡿάືࠊոᩍ⫋ဨࡢࠕඣ❺⏕ᚐࡢ஺㏻Ᏻ඲ࠖ࡟㛵ࢃࡿάືࠊ
չᩍ⫋ဨࡢࠕᏳ඲Ⅼ᳨ࢆ㏻ࡌࡓᏳ඲⟶⌮ࠖ࡟㛵ࢃࡿάືࠊպ37$ ࡢࠕᏛᰯᏳ඲ࠖ࡟㛵ࢃࡿάືࠊջᆅᇦఫẸࡢࠕᏛᰯᏳ඲ࠖ࡟㛵ࢃࡿάື࡟ࡘ࠸࡚ࠊࡑࢀࡒࢀࡢࢭ࣮ࣇࢸ࢕ࣉ࣮ࣟࣔࢩࣙ
ࣥࢫࢡ࣮ࣝάື࡬ࡢཧຍࡸᐇ㊶࡟࠾ࡅࡿᑐ㇟㞟ᅋࡢᏳ඲ព㆑࡜Ᏻ඲⾜ືࡢኚ໬࡟ࡘ࠸࡚ࠊ
ྛᰯࡢᏛᰯᏳ඲ᢸᙜ⪅ࡀホ౯ࡋࡓ᰿ᣐ࡜࡞ࡿࢹ࣮ࢱࡸ㈨ᩱࡢ᭷↓࡟ࡘ࠸࡚ᅇ⟅ࢆồࡵࡓࠋࡑࡢ⤖ᯝࠊ⾲  ࡟♧ࡋࡓࡼ࠺࡟ࠊձඣ❺⏕ᚐ࡟࠾ࡅࡿࠕ⏕άᏳ඲㸦ᰯෆ࡛ࡢእയண㜵㸧ࠖ࡟㛵ࢃࡿάື࡟ࡼࡿᏳ඲ព㆑࡜Ᏻ඲⾜ືࡢኚ໬࡟ᑐࡍࡿホ౯࡟㛵ࢃࡿ᰿ᣐࡢ᭷↓ࢆぢࡿ࡜ࠊࠕ ᖺ௨ୖ⩌࡛ࠖࡣ  ᰯ୰  ᰯࠊ㸣࡛ࠕᏳ඲ព㆑ࡀ㧗ࡲࡗࡓࠖࡇ࡜ࢆ♧ࡍ᰿ᣐࡀ࠶ࡿ࡜
ᅇ⟅ࡉࢀ࡚࠸ࡓࡶࡢࡢࠊࠕ ᖺᮍ‶⩌࡛ࠖࡣ᰿ᣐࡀ࠶ࡿ࡜ࡢᅇ⟅ࡣ  ᰯ୰  ᰯࠊ㸣࡛࠶ࡾࠊ⤫ィᏛⓗ࡟᭷ព࡞ᕪ㸦Ȯ㸰 㸪GI S㸧ࡀ☜ㄆࡉࢀࡓࠋࡲࡓࠕᏳ඲⾜ື࡛ࠖࡣࠊࠕ ᖺ௨ୖ⩌࡛ࠖࡣ  ᰯ୰  ᰯࠊ㸣࡛ࠕᏳ඲⾜ືࡀᨵၿࡉࢀࡓࠖࡇ࡜ࢆ♧ࡍ᰿ᣐࡀ࠶ࡿ࡜ᅇ⟅ࡉࢀࠊࠕ ᖺᮍ‶⩌࡛ࠖࡣ  ᰯ୰  ᰯࠊ㸣࡛࠶ࡾࠊ⤫ィᏛⓗ࡞ᕪࡣほᐹࡉࢀ࡞࠿ࡗࡓࠋ
ḟ࡟ղࠕඣ❺⏕ᚐࡢ⏕άᏳ඲㸦እയண㜵㸧ࠖ࡟㛵ࢃࡿᣦᑟࢆ㏻ࡌࡓᙜヱᰯࡢᩍ⫋ဨࡢᏳ඲ព㆑࡜Ᏻ඲⾜ືࡢኚ໬࡟ᑐࡍࡿホ౯࡟㛵ࢃࡿ᰿ᣐࡢ᭷↓ࢆぢࡿ࡜ࠊࠕ ᖺ௨ୖ⩌࡛ࠖࡣ  ᰯ୰  ᰯࠊ㸣࡛ࠕᏳ඲ព㆑ࡀ㧗ࡲࡗࡓࠖࡇ࡜ࢆ♧ࡍ᰿ᣐࡀ࠶ࡿ࡜ᅇ⟅ࡉࢀࠊࠕ ᖺᮍ‶⩌࡛ࠖࡣ  ᰯ୰  ᰯࠊ㸣࡛࠶ࡗࡓࠋࡲࡓࠕᏳ඲⾜ື࡛ࠖࡣࠊࠕ ᖺ௨ୖ⩌࡛ࠖࡣ  ᰯ୰  ᰯࠊ㸣ᰯ࡛ࠕᏳ඲⾜ືࡀᨵၿࡉࢀࡓࠖࡇ࡜ࢆ♧ࡍ᰿ᣐࡀ࠶ࡿ࡜ᅇ⟅ࡉࢀࠊࠕ ᖺᮍ‶⩌࡛ࠖࡶ  ᰯ୰  ᰯࠊ㸣࡛᰿ᣐࡀ࠶ࡿ࡜ᅇ⟅ࡉࢀ࡚࠸ࡓࠋࡇࢀࡽᅇ⟅⤖ᯝ࡟ࡣࠊ࠸ࡎࢀࡶ⤫ィᏛⓗ࡞᭷ព࡞ᕪࡣほᐹࡉࢀ࡞࠿ࡗࡓࠋ
ճඣ❺⏕ᚐࡢࠕ⏕άᏳ඲㸦≢⨥⿕ᐖࡢண㜵㸧ࠖ࡟㛵ࡍࡿάື࡟ࡼࡿᏳ඲ព㆑࡜Ᏻ඲⾜ືࡢኚ໬࡟ᑐࡍࡿホ౯࡟㛵ࢃࡿ᰿ᣐࡢ᭷↓ࢆぢࡿ࡜ࠊࠕ ᖺ௨ୖ⩌࡛ࠖࡣ  ᰯ୰  ᰯࠊ㸣࡛ࠕᏳ඲ព㆑ࡀ㧗ࡲࡗࡓࠖ᰿ᣐࡀ࠶ࡿ࡜ᅇ⟅ࡉࢀࠊࠕ ᖺᮍ‶⩌࡛ࠖࡣ  ᰯ୰  ᰯࠊ㸣࡛࠶ࡗࡓࠋࡲࡓࠕᏳ඲⾜ື࡛ࠖࡣࠊࠕ ᖺ௨ୖ⩌࡛ࠖࡣ  ᰯ୰  ᰯࠊ㸣࡛ࠕᏳ඲⾜ືࡀᨵၿࡉࢀࡓࠖ᰿ᣐࡀ࠶ࡿ࡜ᅇ⟅ࡉࢀࠊࠕ ᖺᮍ‶⩌࡛ࠖࡣ  ᰯ୰  ᰯࠊ㸣࡛᰿ᣐࡀ࠶ࡿ࡜
ᅇ⟅ࡉࢀ࡚࠸ࡓࠋࡇࢀࡽᅇ⟅⤖ᯝ࡟ࡣࠊ࠸ࡎࢀࡶ⤫ィᏛⓗ࡞᭷ព࡞ᕪࡣほᐹࡉࢀ࡞࠿ࡗࡓࠋ
մඣ❺⏕ᚐࡢࠕ⏕άᏳ඲㸦≢⨥⿕ᐖࡢண㜵㸧ࠖ࡟㛵ࡍࡿᣦᑟࢆ㏻ࡌࡓᙜヱᰯࡢᩍ⫋ဨࡢᏳ඲ព㆑࡜Ᏻ඲⾜ື࡟࠾ࡅࡿኚ໬ࡢホ౯࡟㛵ࢃࡿ᰿ᣐࡢ᭷↓ࢆぢࡿ࡜ࠊࠕ ᖺ௨ୖ⩌࡛ࠖࡣ ᰯ୰  ᰯࠊ㸣࡛ࠕᏳ඲ព㆑ࡀ㧗ࡲࡗࡓࠖ᰿ᣐࡀ࠶ࡿ࡜ᅇ⟅ࡉࢀ࡚࠸ࡓࡶࡢࡢࠊࠕ ᖺᮍ‶⩌࡛ࠖࡣ  ᰯ୰  ᰯࠊ㸣࡛࠶ࡗࡓࠋࡇࡢ⤖ᯝ࡟ࡘ࠸࡚ࡳࡿ࡜ࠊ⤫ィᏛⓗ࡟ࡣ 㸣Ỉ‽࡛ࠕ ᖺ௨ୖ⩌ࠖࡢ࡯࠺ࡀࠕ ᖺᮍ‶⩌ࠖ࡟ẚ࡭࡚᰿ᣐࡀ࠶ࡿ࡜ᅇ⟅ࡋࡓ๭ྜࡀ㧗࠸ഴྥࠕ ᖺ௨ୖ
㸦Ȯ㸰 㸪GI 㸪S㸧ࡢ࠶ࡿࡇ࡜ࡀほᐹࡉࢀࡓࠋࡲࡓࠕᏳ඲⾜ື࡛ࠖࡣࠊ౽ీʁιʖϓτΡϕϫϠʖεϥϱηέʖϩ͹‫׈‬ಊয়‫ڱ‬͹඲ՃͶ‫ͤؖ‬Ζ௒ࠬ⩌࡛ࠖࡣ  ᰯ୰  ᰯࠊ㸣࡛ࠕᏳ඲⾜ືࡀᨵၿࡉࢀࡓࠖ᰿ᣐࡀ࠶ࡿ࡜ᅇ⟅ࡉࢀ࡚࠸ࡓࡶࡢ
ࡢࠊࠕ ᖺᮍ‶⩌࡛ࠖࡣ  ᰯ୰  ᰯࠊ㸣࡛࠶ࡾࠊ⤫ィᏛⓗ࡟ࡣ 㸣Ỉ‽࡛ࠕ ᖺ௨ୖ⩌ࠖࡢ࡯࠺ࡀࠕ ᖺᮍ‶⩌ࠖ࡟ẚ࡭࡚ࠊࠕᏳ඲⾜ືࡀᨵၿࡉࢀࡓࠖ᰿ᣐࡀ࠶ࡿ࡜ᅇ⟅ࡉࢀࡓ๭ྜ
ࡀ㧗ࡃ࡞ࡿഴྥ㸦Ȯ㸰 㸪GI 㸪S㸧ࡀほᐹࡉࢀࡓࠋ
⾲㸲㸬⥅⥆ᮇ㛫ู࡟ࡳࡓᏳ඲ព㆑㸦༠ຊព㆑㸧࡜Ᏻ඲⾜ື㸦༠ാᐇ㊶㸧࡟ᑐࡍࡿホ౯ࡢ᰿ᣐ࡜࡞ࡿࢹ࣮ࢱ࣭㈨ᩱࡢ᭷↓࡟ࡘ࠸࡚
ձඣ❺⏕ᚐ࣭እയண㜵 ᖺ௨ୖ ᖺᮍ‶

ィᏳ඲ព㆑ࡀ㧗ࡲࡗࡓ  ᰯ㸦㸣㸧 ᰯ㸦㸣㸧㸦㸣㸧Ᏻ඲⾜ືࡀᨵၿࡉࢀࡓ ᰯ㸦㸣㸧 ᰯ㸦㸣㸧㸦㸣㸧ղᩍ⫋ဨ࣭እയண㜵

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Ᏻ඲ព㆑ࡀ㧗ࡲࡗࡓ ᰯ㸦㸣㸧 ᰯ㸦㸣㸧㸦㸣㸧Ᏻ඲⾜ືࡀᨵၿࡉࢀࡓ ᰯ㸦㸣㸧 ᰯ㸦㸣㸧㸦㸣㸧

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Ᏻ඲ព㆑ࡀ㧗ࡲࡗࡓ ᰯ㸦㸣㸧 ᰯ㸦㸣㸧㸦㸣㸧Ᏻ඲⾜ືࡀᨵၿࡉࢀࡓ ᰯ㸦㸣㸧 ᰯ㸦㸣㸧㸦㸣㸧մᩍ⫋ဨ࣭≢⨥⿕ᐖண㜵

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Ᏻ඲ព㆑ࡀ㧗ࡲࡗࡓ ᰯ㸦㸣㸧 ᰯ㸦㸣㸧㸦㸣㸧Ᏻ඲⾜ືࡀᨵၿࡉࢀࡓ ᰯ㸦㸣㸧 ᰯ㸦㸣㸧㸦㸣㸧յඣ❺⏕ᚐ࣭⅏ᐖᏳ඲

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ճඣ❺⏕ᚐ࣭≢⨥⿕ᐖண㜵Ᏻ඲ព㆑ࡀ㧗ࡲࡗࡓ ᰯ㸦㸣㸧 ᰯ㸦㸣㸧㸦㸣㸧Ᏻ඲⾜ືࡀᨵၿࡉࢀࡓ ᰯ㸦㸣㸧 ᰯ㸦㸣㸧㸦㸣㸧նᩍ⫋ဨ࣭⅏ᐖᏳ඲

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Ᏻ඲ព㆑ࡀ㧗ࡲࡗࡓ ᰯ㸦㸣㸧 ᰯ㸦㸣㸧㸦㸣㸧Ᏻ඲⾜ືࡀᨵၿࡉࢀࡓ ᰯ㸦㸣㸧 ᰯ㸦㸣㸧㸦㸣㸧շඣ❺⏕ᚐ࣭஺㏻Ᏻ඲

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Ᏻ඲ព㆑ࡀ㧗ࡲࡗࡓ ᰯ㸦㸣㸧 ᰯ㸦㸣㸧㸦㸣㸧Ᏻ඲⾜ືࡀᨵၿࡉࢀࡓ ᰯ㸦㸣㸧 ᰯ㸦㸣㸧㸦㸣㸧ոᩍ⫋ဨ࣭஺㏻Ᏻ඲

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Ᏻ඲ព㆑ࡀ㧗ࡲࡗࡓ ᰯ㸦㸣㸧 ᰯ㸦㸣㸧㸦㸣㸧Ᏻ඲⾜ືࡀᨵၿࡉࢀࡓ ᰯ㸦㸣㸧 ᰯ㸦㸣㸧㸦㸣㸧չᩍ⫋ဨ࣭Ᏻ඲Ⅼ᳨

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Ᏻ඲ព㆑ࡀ㧗ࡲࡗࡓ ᰯ㸦㸣㸧 ᰯ㸦㸣㸧㸦㸣㸧Ᏻ඲⾜ືࡀᨵၿࡉࢀࡓ ᰯ㸦㸣㸧 ᰯ㸦㸣㸧㸦㸣㸧

պ37$࣭ᏛᰯᏳ඲άື

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༠ຊព㆑ࡀ㧗ࡲࡗࡓ ᰯ㸦㸣㸧 ᰯ㸦㸣㸧㸦㸣㸧

༠ാᐇ㊶ࡀᨵၿࡉࢀࡓ ᰯ㸦㸣㸧 ᰯ㸦㸣㸧㸦㸣㸧

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༠ຊព㆑ࡀ㧗ࡲࡗࡓ ᰯ㸦㸣㸧 ᰯ㸦㸣㸧㸦㸣㸧

༠ാᐇ㊶ࡀᨵၿࡉࢀࡓ ᰯ㸦㸣㸧 ᰯ㸦㸣㸧㸦㸣㸧ջᆅᇦఫẸ࣭ᏛᰯᏳ඲άື

S㸸S㸦Ȯ㸰᳨ᐃ㸧ָߏ҈સਬ਒ιϱνʖ‫ن‬གྷ ୊  ‫ת‬յඣ❺⏕ᚐࡢࠕ⅏ᐖᏳ඲ࠖ࡟㛵ࡍࡿάື࡟ࡼࡿᏳ඲ព㆑࡜Ᏻ඲⾜ືࡢኚ໬ࡢホ౯࡟㛵ࢃࡿ᰿ᣐࡢ᭷↓ࢆぢࡿ࡜ࠊࠕ ᖺ௨ୖ⩌࡛ࠖࡣ  ᰯ୰  ᰯࠊ㸣࡛ࠕᏳ඲ព㆑ࡀ㧗ࡲࡗࡓࠖ࡜ホ౯ࡋࡓ᰿ᣐࡀ࠶ࡿ࡜ᅇ⟅ࡉࢀ࡚࠸ࡓࡶࡢࡢࠊࠕ ᖺᮍ‶⩌࡛ࠖࡣ  ᰯ୰  ᰯࠊ㸣࡛᰿ᣐࡀ࠶ࡿ࡜ᅇ⟅ࡉࢀ࡚࠸ࡓࠋࡲࡓࠕᏳ඲⾜ື࡛ࠖࡣࠊࠕ ᖺ௨ୖ⩌࡛ࠖ  ᰯ୰  ᰯࠊ㸣࡛ࠊࠕ ᖺᮍ‶⩌࡛ࠖࡣ  ᰯ୰  ᰯࠊ㸣࡛᰿ᣐࡀ࠶ࡿ࡜ᅇ⟅ࡉࢀ࡚࠾ࡾࠊࡇࢀࡽᅇ⟅⤖ᯝ࠿ࡽࡣࠊ࠸ࡎࢀࡶ⤫ィᏛⓗ࡞᭷ព࡞ᕪࡣほᐹࡉࢀ࡞࠿ࡗࡓࠋ
նඣ❺⏕ᚐ࡬ࡢࠕ⅏ᐖᏳ඲ࠖࡢᣦᑟࢆ㏻ࡌࡓࠕ⅏ᐖⓎ⏕᫬ࡢඣ❺⏕ᚐࡢᏳ඲☜ಖࠖ࡟㛵ࢃࡿᩍ⫋ဨࡢᏳ඲ព㆑࡜Ᏻ඲⾜ືࡢኚ໬ࡢホ౯࡟㛵ࢃࡿ᰿ᣐࡢ᭷↓ࢆぢࡿ࡜ࠊࠕ ᖺ௨ୖ⩌࡛ࠖࡣ  ᰯ୰  ᰯࠊ㸣࡛ࠕᏳ඲ព㆑ࡀ㧗ࡲࡗࡓࠖ࡜ホ౯ࡋࡓ᰿ᣐࡀ࠶ࡿ࡜ᅇ⟅ࡉࢀ࡚࠸ࡓ
ࡶࡢࡢࠊࠕ ᖺᮍ‶⩌࡛ࠖࡣ  ᰯ୰  ᰯࠊ㸣࡛᰿ᣐࡀ࠶ࡿ࡜ᅇ⟅ࡉࢀ࡚࠸ࡓࠋࡲࡓࠕᏳ
඲⾜ື࡛ࠖࡣࠊࠕ ᖺ௨ୖ⩌࡛ࠖࡣ  ᰯ୰  ᰯࠊ㸣࡛ࠊࠕ ᖺᮍ‶⩌࡛ࠖࡣ  ᰯ୰  ᰯࠊ㸣࡛ࠕᏳ඲⾜ືࡀ㧗ࡲࡗࡓࠖ࡜ホ౯ࡋࡓ᰿ᣐࡀ࠶ࡿ࡜ᅇ⟅ࡉࢀ࡚࠾ࡾࠊࡇࢀࡽᅇ⟅⤖ᯝ࠿ࡽࡣࠊ࠸ࡎࢀࡶ⤫ィᏛⓗ࡞᭷ព࡞ᕪࡣほᐹࡉࢀ࡞࠿ࡗࡓࠋ
շඣ❺⏕ᚐࡢࠕ஺㏻Ᏻ඲ࠖ࡟㛵ࡍࡿάື࡟ࡼࡿᏳ඲ព㆑࡜Ᏻ඲⾜ືࡢኚ໬ࡢホ౯࡟㛵ࢃࡿ᰿ᣐࡢ᭷↓ࢆぢࡿ࡜ࠊࠕ ᖺ௨ୖ⩌࡛ࠖࡣ  ᰯ୰  ᰯࠊ㸣࡛ࠕᏳ඲ព㆑ࡀ㧗ࡲࡗࡓࠖ࡜ホ౯ࡋࡓ᰿ᣐࡀ࠶ࡿ࡜ᅇ⟅ࡉࢀ࡚࠸ࡓࡶࡢࡢࠊࠕ ᖺᮍ‶⩌࡛ࠖࡣ  ᰯ୰  ᰯࠊ㸣࡛᰿ᣐࡀ࠶ࡿ࡜ᅇ⟅ࡉࢀ࡚࠾ࡾࠊ⤫ィᏛⓗ࡟ࡣ 㸣Ỉ‽࡛ࠕ ᖺ௨ୖ⩌ࠖࡢ࡯࠺ࡀࠕ ᖺᮍ‶⩌ࠖ࡟ẚ࡭࡚ࠊࠕᏳ඲⾜ືࡀᨵၿࡉࢀࡓࠖ᰿ᣐࡀ࠶ࡿ࡜ᅇ⟅ࡉࢀࡓ๭ྜࡀ㧗ࡃ࡞ࡿഴྥ㸦Ȯ 㸰㸪GI 㸪S㸧ࡀほᐹࡉࢀࡓࠋ୍᪉ࠊ
ࠕᏳ඲⾜ື࡛ࠖࡣࠊࠕ ᖺ௨ୖ⩌࡛ࠖࡣ  ᰯ୰ ᰯࠊ㸣࡛ࠊࠕ ᖺᮍ‶⩌࡛ࠖࡣ  ᰯ୰  ᰯࠊ㸣࡛ࠕᏳ඲ព㆑ࡀ㧗ࡲࡗࡓࠖ࡜ホ౯ࡋࡓ᰿ᣐࡀ࠶ࡿ࡜ᅇ⟅ࡉࢀ࡚࠾ࡾࠊࡇࡢᅇ⟅⤖ᯝ࠿ࡽࡣ⤫ィᏛⓗ࡞᭷ព࡞ᕪࡣほᐹࡉࢀ࡞࠿
ࡗࡓࠋոඣ❺⏕ᚐ࡬ࡢࠕ஺㏻Ᏻ඲ࠖࡢᣦᑟࢆ㏻ࡌࡓࠕඣ❺⏕ᚐࡢ஺㏻Ᏻ඲ࠖ࡟㛵ࢃࡿᩍ⫋ဨࡢᏳ඲ព㆑࡜Ᏻ඲⾜ືࡢኚ໬ࡢホ౯࡟㛵ࢃࡿ᰿ᣐࡢ᭷↓ࢆぢࡿ࡜ࠊࠕ ᖺ௨ୖ⩌࡛ࠖࡣ  ᰯ୰ ᰯࠊ㸣࡛ࠕᏳ඲ព㆑ࡀ㧗ࡲࡗࡓࠖ࡜ホ౯ࡋࡓ᰿ᣐࡀ࠶ࡿ࡜ᅇ⟅ࡉࢀ࡚࠸ࡓࡶࡢࡢࠊࠕ ᖺᮍ‶⩌࡛ࠖࡣ  ᰯ୰  ᰯࠊ㸣࡛᰿ᣐࡀ࠶ࡿ࡜ᅇ⟅ࡉࢀ࡚࠸ࡓࠋࡇࡢ⤖ᯝ࡟ࡘ࠸࡚ࡳࡿ
࡜ࠊ⤫ィᏛⓗ࡟ࡣ 㸣Ỉ‽࡛ࠕ ᖺ௨ୖ⩌ࠖࡢ࡯࠺ࡀࠕ ᖺᮍ‶⩌ࠖ࡟ẚ࡭࡚ࠊࠕᏳ඲⾜ື㸰ࡀᨵၿࡉࢀࡓࠖ᰿ᣐࡀ࠶ࡿ࡜ᅇ⟅ࡉࢀࡓ๭ྜࡀ㧗ࡃ࡞ࡿഴྥ㸦Ȯ 㸪GI 㸪S㸧ࡀほᐹࡉࢀࡓࠋ୍᪉ࠊ
ࠕᏳ඲⾜ື࡛ࠖࡣࠊࠕ ᖺ௨ୖ⩌࡛ࠖࡣ  ᰯ୰  ᰯࠊ㸣࡛ࠕᏳ඲⾜ືࡀ㧗ࡲࡗࡓࠖ࡜ホ౯ࡋࡓ᰿ᣐࡀ࠶ࡿ࡜ᅇ⟅ࡋࠊࠕ ᖺᮍ‶⩌࡛ࠖࡣ  ᰯ୰  ᰯࠊ㸣ࡀ᰿ᣐࡀ࠶ࡿ࡜ᅇ⟅ࡋ࡚࠾ࡾࠊࡇࡢᅇ⟅⤖ᯝ࠿ࡽࡣ⤫ィᏛⓗ࡞᭷ព࡞ᕪࡣほᐹࡉࢀ࡞࠿ࡗࡓࠋ
չᩍ⫋ဨࡢᏳ඲Ⅼ᳨ࢆ㏻ࡌࡓᏛᰯࡢࠕᏳ඲⟶⌮ࠖ࡟㛵ࡍࡿᏳ඲ព㆑࡜Ᏻ඲⾜ື࡟ᑐࡍࡿኚ໬ࡢホ౯࡟㛵ࢃࡿ᰿ᣐࡢ᭷↓ࢆぢࡿ࡜ࠊࠕ ᖺ௨ୖ⩌࡛ࠖࡣ  ᰯ୰  ᰯࠊ㸣࡛ࠕᏳ඲ព
㆑ࡀ㧗ࡲࡗࡓࠖ࡜ホ౯ࡋࡓ᰿ᣐࡀ࠶ࡿ࡜ᅇ⟅ࡉࢀࠊࠕ ᖺᮍ‶⩌࡛ࠖࡣ  ᰯ୰  ᰯࠊ㸣࡛᰿ᣐࡀ࠶ࡿ࡜ᅇ⟅ࡉࢀ࡚࠸ࡓࠋࡲࡓࠕᏳ඲⾜ື࡛ࠖࡣࠊࠕ ᖺ௨ୖ⩌࡛ࠖࡣ  ᰯ୰  ᰯࠊ㸣࡛ࠕᏳ඲⾜ືࡀᨵၿࡉࢀࡓࠖ࡜ホ౯ࡋࡓ᰿ᣐࡀ࠶ࡿ࡜ᅇ⟅ࡉࢀࠊࠕ ᖺᮍ‶⩌࡛ࠖࡣ ᰯ୰  ᰯࠊ㸣࡛᰿ᣐࡀ࠶ࡿ࡜ᅇ⟅ࡉࢀ࡚࠾ࡾࠊࡇࢀࡽᅇ⟅⤖ᯝ࠿ࡽࡣࠊ࠸ࡎࢀࡶ⤫ィᏛⓗ࡞᭷ព࡞ᕪࡣほᐹࡉࢀ࡞࠿ࡗࡓࠋ ୍᪉ࠊպ37$ ࡢࢭ࣮ࣇࢸ࢕ࣉ࣮ࣟࣔࢩࣙࣥࢫࢡ࣮ࣝάືࢆ㏻ࡌࡓࠕᏛᰯᏳ඲ࠖ࡟㛵ࡍࡿ༠ຊព㆑࡜༠ാᐇ㊶࡟ᑐࡍࡿኚ໬ࡢホ౯࡟㛵ࢃࡿ᰿ᣐࡢ᭷↓ࢆぢࡿ࡜ࠊࠕ ᖺ௨ୖ⩌࡛ࠖࡣ ᰯ୰  ᰯࠊ㸣࡛ࠕ༠ຊព㆑ࡀ㧗ࡲࡗࡓࠖ࡜ホ౯ࡋࡓ᰿ᣐࡀ࠶ࡿ࡜ᅇ⟅ࡉࢀࠊࠕ ᖺᮍ‶⩌࡛ࠖࡣ  ᰯ୰  ᰯࠊ㸣࡛᰿ᣐࡀ࠶ࡿ࡜ᅇ⟅ࡉࢀ࡚࠸ࡓࠋࡲࡓࠕ༠ാᐇ㊶࡛ࠖࡣࠊ
ࠕ ᖺ



౽ీʁιʖϓτΡϕϫϠʖεϥϱηέʖϩ͹‫׈‬ಊয়‫ڱ‬͹඲ՃͶ‫ͤؖ‬Ζ௒ࠬ௨ୖ⩌࡛ࠖࡣ  ᰯ୰  ᰯࠊ㸣࡛ࠕ༠ാᐇ㊶ࡀᨵၿࡉࢀࡓࠖ࡜ホ౯ࡋࡓ᰿ᣐࡀ࠶ࡿ࡜ᅇ⟅ࡉࢀࠊࠕ ᖺᮍ‶⩌࡛ࠖࡣ  ᰯ୰  ᰯࠊ㸣࡛᰿ᣐࡀ࠶ࡿ࡜ᅇ⟅ࡉࢀ࡚࠾ࡾࠊࡇࢀࡽᅇ⟅⤖ᯝ࠿ࡽࡣࠊ࠸ࡎࢀࡶ⤫ィᏛⓗ࡞᭷ព࡞ᕪࡣほᐹࡉࢀ࡞࠿ࡗࡓࠋ ᭱ᚋ࡟ࠊջᆅᇦఫẸࡢࢭ࣮ࣇࢸ࢕ࣉ࣮ࣟࣔࢩࣙࣥࢫࢡ࣮ࣝάືࢆ㏻ࡌࡓࠕᏛᰯᏳ඲ࠖ࡟㛵ࡍࡿ༠ຊព㆑࡜༠ാᐇ㊶࡟ᑐࡍࡿኚ໬ࡢホ౯࡟㛵ࢃࡿ᰿ᣐࡢ᭷↓ࢆぢࡿ࡜ࠊࠕ ᖺ௨ୖ⩌࡛ࠖࡣ  ᰯ୰  ᰯࠊ㸣࡛ࠕ༠ຊព㆑ࡀ㧗ࡲࡗࡓࠖ࡜ホ౯ࡋࡓ᰿ᣐࡀ࠶ࡿ࡜ᅇ⟅ࡉࢀࠊࠕ ᖺᮍ‶⩌࡛ࠖࡣ  ᰯ୰  ᰯࠊ㸣࡛᰿ᣐࡀ࠶ࡿ࡜ᅇ⟅ࡉࢀ࡚࠸ࡓࠋࡲࡓࠕ༠ാᐇ㊶࡛ࠖࡣࠊࠕ ᖺ௨ୖ⩌࡛ࠖࡣ  ᰯ୰  ᰯࠊ㸣࡛ࠕ༠ാᐇ㊶ࡀᨵၿࡉࢀࡓࠖ࡜ホ౯ࡋࡓ᰿ᣐࡀ࠶ࡿ
࡜ᅇ⟅ࡉࢀࠊࠕ ᖺᮍ‶⩌࡛ࠖࡣ  ᰯ୰  ᰯࠊ㸣࡛᰿ᣐࡀ࠶ࡿ࡜ᅇ⟅ࡉࢀ࡚࠾ࡾࠊࡇࢀ
ࡽᅇ⟅⤖ᯝ࠿ࡽࡣࠊ࠸ࡎࢀࡶ⤫ィᏛⓗ࡞᭷ព࡞ᕪࡣほᐹࡉࢀ࡞࠿ࡗࡓࠋ
ϫ㸬⪃  ᐹ ࢭ࣮ࣇࢸ࢕ࣉ࣮ࣟࣔࢩࣙࣥࢫࢡ࣮ࣝάືࢆᒎ㛤ࡋ࡚࠸ࡿᏛᰯ࡟࠾ࡅࡿእയࡢⓎ⏕㢖ᗘ࡜⅏ᐖඹ῭⤥௜ࡢ⏦ㄳ≧ἣ࡟㛵ࢃࡿẚ㍑࡛ࡣࠊࠕ ᖺ௨ୖ⩌ࠖࡢᏛᰯࡢ᪉ࡀࠕ ᖺᮍ‶⩌ࠖࡢᏛᰯ࡟ẚ࡭࡚ࠊඣ❺⏕ᚐࡢಖ೺ᐊ࡛ࡢᖹᆒཷ⒪㢖ᗘࡀ㧗࠿ࡗࡓࡶࡢࡢࠊ⅏ᐖඹ῭⤥௜ࡢ⏦ㄳ๭ྜࡣపࡃ࡞ࡿഴྥ࡟࠶ࡿࡇ࡜ࡀほᐹࡉࢀࡓࠋࡇࡢ⤖ᯝࡼࡾࠊࢭ࣮ࣇࢸ࢕ࣉ࣮ࣟࣔࢩࣙࣥࢫࢡ
࣮ࣝάືࢆ⥅⥆ࡍࡿࡇ࡜࡛ࠊඣ❺⏕ᚐࡢእയⓎ⏕᫬ࡢึືᑐᛂ࡟㛵ࡍࡿព㆑ࡀ㧗ࡵࡽࢀࠊእ
യࡢⓎ⏕᫬࡟ಖ೺ᐊ࡛ฎ⨨ࢆཷࡅࡿ⾜ືࡀಁࡉࢀࡿࡶࡢࡢࠊ἞⒪㈝ࡀ  ෇ࢆ㉸࠼ࡿࡼ࠺
࡞እയࡢⓎ⏕㢖ᗘࡀᢚไࡉࢀࡿྍ⬟ᛶࡢ࠶ࡿࡇ࡜ࡀ♧၀ࡉࢀࡓࠋࡇࡢ⤖ᯝ࠿ࡽࠊࢭ࣮ࣇࢸ࢕
ࣉ࣮ࣟࣔࢩࣙࣥࢫࢡ࣮ࣝάືࢆᒎ㛤ࡍࡿࡇ࡜࡛ࠊඣ❺⏕ᚐ࡟῝้࡞እയࡀⓎ⏕ࡍࡿࡇ࡜ࢆ
ண㜵ࡍࡿຠᯝ࡟㛵ࢃࡿ୍ᐃࡢຠᯝࡀ♧ࡉࢀࡓࡶࡢ࡜⪃࠼ࡽࢀࡿ࡜ࡇࢁ࡛࠶ࡿࠋ
୍᪉ࠊࢭ࣮ࣇࢸ࢕ࣉ࣮ࣟࣔࢩࣙࣥࢫࢡ࣮ࣝάື࡟ࡼࡿࠕᏳ඲ព㆑ࠖ࡜ࠕᏳ඲⾜ືࠖࡢኚ໬
࡟㛵ࡍࡿྛᰯࡢᏛᰯᏳ඲ᢸᙜ⪅࡟ࡼࡿホ౯⤖ᯝ࡜ࠊࢭ࣮ࣇࢸ࢕ࣉ࣮ࣟࣔࢩࣙࣥࢫࢡ࣮ࣝά
ື࡟ࡼࡿࠕᏳ඲ព㆑ࠖ࡜ࠕᏳ඲⾜ືࠖࡢኚ໬ࢆホ౯ࡋࡓ᰿ᣐ࡜࡞ࡿࢹ࣮ࢱ࣭㈨ᩱࡢ᭷↓࡜ࡢ㛵ಀ࡟ࡘ࠸࡚ࡳࡿ࡜ࠊඣ❺⏕ᚐ࡟ࡼࡿࠕ⏕άᏳ඲㸦ᰯෆ࡛ࡢእയண㜵㸧ࠖ࡟㛵ࢃࡿάື࡟࠾
ࡅࡿࠕᏳ඲ព㆑ࠖࡢ㧗ࡲࡾ࡟㛵ࡍࡿホ౯࡜ࠊࡑࡢホ౯࡟㛵ࢃࡿ᰿ᣐࡢ᭷↓࡟ࡘ࠸࡚ࠊ࠸ࡎࢀࡶࠕ ᖺ௨ୖ⩌ࠖࡢᏛᰯࡢ᪉ࡀࠕ ᖺᮍ‶⩌ࠖࡢᏛᰯ࡟ẚ࡭࡚ࠊ⤫ィᏛⓗ࡟᭷ព࡟㧗ࡃ࡞ࡗ࡚࠸ࡓࡇ࡜ࡀ☜ㄆࡉࢀࡓࠋࡇࢀࡽࡢ⤖ᯝ࠿ࡽࠊඛ࡟㏙࡭ࡓ⅏ᐖඹ῭⤥௜≧ἣࡢ⏦ㄳ๭ྜࡀࠊࠕ ᖺ௨ୖ⩌ࠖࡢᏛᰯࡢ᪉ࡀࠕ ᖺᮍ‶⩌ࠖࡢᏛᰯ࡟ẚ࡭࡚పࡃ࡞ࡗ࡚࠸ࡓࡇ࡜࡜㛵㐃ࡋ࡚ࠊࢭ࣮ࣇࢸ࢕ࣉ࣮ࣟࣔࢩࣙࣥࢫࢡ࣮ࣝάືࢆ⥅⥆ࡍࡿࡇ࡜࡛ࠊඣ❺⏕ᚐࡢᏳ඲ព㆑ࡀ㧗ࡵࡽࢀࠊᏛᰯࡢ⟶⌮ୗ࡟࠾ࡅࡿඣ❺⏕ᚐࡢእയⓎ⏕ࢆண㜵ࡍࡿຠᯝ࡜ࡋ࡚ࡢ࢚ࣅࢹࣥࢫࡢ୍ࡘ
࡜࡞ࡾ࠺ࡿྍ⬟ᛶࡀ౛ドࡉࢀࡓࡶࡢ࡜᥎ ࡉࢀࡿ࡜ࡇࢁ࡛࠶ࡿࠋ
ࡉࡽ࡟άື㛤ጞ࠿ࡽࡲࡔ  ᖺ㛫ࡢάືᮇ㛫ࡋ࠿⤒㐣ࡋ࡚࠸࡞࠸ࡓࡵ࡟༑ศ࡞▱ぢࢆ㞟ࡵࡿࡇ࡜ࡀ࡛ࡁ࡞࠸≧ἣ࡟࠶ࡿࡶࡢࡢࠊඣ❺⏕ᚐ࡬ࡢᏳ඲ᩍ⫱࡟ࡼࡿࠕ⏕άᏳ඲㸦ᰯෆ࡛ࡢእ
യண㜵㸧ࠖࡢ᭷ຠᛶ௨እ࡟ࠊࠕ⏕άᏳ඲㸦≢⨥⿕ᐖࡢண㜵㸧ࠖ࡟㛵ࡍࡿࠕᏳ඲ព㆑ࡢ㧗ࡲࡾࠖ࡟ࡘ࡞ࡀࡿྍ⬟ᛶࡢ࠶ࡿࡇ࡜ࡸࠊඣ❺⏕ᚐ࡬ࡢࠕ⏕άᏳ඲㸦≢⨥⿕ᐖࡢண㜵㸧ࠖ࡟㛵ࡍࡿᩍ⫱άືࢆ㏻ࡌࡓᙜヱᰯࡢᩍ⫋ဨࡢࠕᏳ඲ព㆑ࡢ㧗ࡲࡾࠖ࡜ࠕᏳ඲⾜ືࡢᨵၿࠖ࡟㛵ࢃࡿホ౯ࡢ᰿ᣐ࡜࡞ࡿࢹ࣮ࢱࡸ㈨ᩱࡢᏑᅾࠊඣ❺⏕ᚐཬࡧᩍ⫋ဨࡢࠕ஺㏻Ᏻ඲ࠖ࡟㛵ࢃࡿࠕᏳ඲ព㆑
ࡢ㧗ࡲࡾࠖࢆホ౯ࡋࡓ᰿ᣐ࡜࡞ࡿࢹ࣮ࢱࡸ㈨ᩱࡢᏑᅾ࡟ࡘ࠸࡚ࠊ⌧≧࡛ࡣ⤫ィᏛⓗ࡟᫂ࡽ࠿࡞㛵ಀᛶࡣ☜ㄆࡉࢀ࡞࠿ࡗࡓࡶࡢࡢࠊ௒ᚋࡢࢭ࣮ࣇࢸ࢕ࣉ࣮ࣟࣔࢩࣙࣥࢫࢡ࣮ࣝάືࡢ᭷
ຠᛶࢆ౛ドࡍࡿ࢚ࣅࢹࣥࢫ࡜࡞ࡿྍ⬟ᛶࡢ࠶ࡿ஦ࡀ♧၀ࡉࢀࡓࠋ
࢚ࣅࢹࣥࢫ࡜ࡣࠊ
ࠕ⤖ᯝࡸᡂᯝࡢドᣐ࣭᰿ᣐࠖࠊࠕ⾜ືࡸάືࡢ≧ἣ࡟㛵ࡍࡿドゝࠖ
ࠊ
ࠕ⾜ື



ָߏ҈સਬ਒ιϱνʖ‫ن‬གྷ ୊  ‫ת‬ࡸάືࡢᙧ㊧ࠖ࡜⌮ゎࡉࢀ࡚࠸ࡿ[13]ࡀࠊ௒ᚋࡶᘬࡁ⥆ࡁࠊࢭ࣮ࣇࢸ࢕ࣉ࣮ࣟࣔࢩࣙࣥࢫࢡ
࣮ࣝάືࡢ⥅⥆࡜ࠊࢭ࣮ࣇࢸ࢕ࣉ࣮ࣟࣔࢩࣙࣥࢫࢡ࣮ࣝࡢ  ᣦᶆࡢࠕඹ᭷ࠖ࡟ᇶ࡙࠸ࡓάື
ࡢ᰿ᣐ࡜࡞ࡿࢹ࣮ࢱࡸ㈨ᩱࡢ⵳✚ࢆ㏻ࡌ࡚ࠊᅜෆእ࡟࠾ࡅࡿࢭ࣮ࣇࢸ࢕ࣉ࣮ࣟࣔࢩࣙࣥࢫ
ࢡ࣮ࣝࡢάືࡢホ౯ᣦᶆ࡜ࡋ࡚ࡢ࢚ࣅࢹࣥࢫࡢ᳨ド࡟ྲྀࡾ⤌ࢇ࡛࠸ࡁࡓ࠸࡜⪃࠼࡚࠸ࡿ࡜
ࡇࢁ࡛࠶ࡿࠋ
ཧ⪃࣭ᘬ⏝ᩥ⊩[1] ⸨⏣኱㍜㸸Ꮚ౪ࡢᏳ඲㹼ࢭ࣮ࣇࢸ࢕ࣉ࣮ࣟࣔࢩࣙࣥࢫࢡ࣮ࣝࡢ᥎㐍㹼㸪Ꮫᰯಖ೺ࡢືྥ ௧࿴ඖᖺᗘ∧ࠊp.8-14㸪බ┈㈈ᅋἲே᪥ᮏᏛᰯಖ೺఍ࠊ2019㸬[2] ⸨⏣኱㍜㸸ࢭ࣮ࣇࢸ࢕ࣉ࣮ࣟࣔࢩࣙࣥࢫࢡ࣮ࣝࡢ⌮ᛕ࡜ㄆドไᗘ㸪᪥ᮏࢭ࣮ࣇࢸ࢕ࣉ
࣮ࣟࣔࢩࣙࣥᏛ఍ㄅࠊ➨ 9 ᕳ 2 ྕ㸪p.2-7㸪2016㸬
[3] ⸨⏣኱㍜㸸኱㜰ᩍ⫱኱Ꮫ࡟࠾ࡅࡿᏛᰯᏳ඲ࡢྲྀࡾ⤌ࡳ. 㹼ᩍဨ㣴ᡂ࣭ᩍ⫋ဨ◊ಟ࣭ᩍᮦ
㛤Ⓨ࡜ࢭ࣮ࣇࢸ࢕ࣉ࣮ࣟࣔࢩࣙࣥࢫࢡ࣮ࣝ࡟ࡘ࠸࡚㹼㸪୰ኸᩍ⫱ᑂ㆟఍ึ➼୰➼ᩍ⫱ศ⛉఍ᏛᰯᏳ඲㒊఍㸦➨ 5 ᅇ㸧㓄ᕸ㈨ᩱ㸪ཧ⪃㈨ᩱ 2㸪2016㸬
http://www.mext.go.jp/b_menu/shingi/chukyo/chukyo3/077/siryo/1378368.htm[4] 㸯㸷㸫㸰 ᏛᰯᏳ඲ࡢ᥎㐍㸪ᩍ⫱᣺⯆ᇶᮏィ⏬㸪p.64, ᩥ㒊⛉Ꮫ┬㸪2018㸬[5] 10 Ꮫᰯ೺ᗣᩍ⫱ࡢ᥎㐍㸸 07-4 ᖹᡂ 28 ᖺᗘᩥ㒊⛉Ꮫ┬ ᴫ⟬せồㄝ᫂㈨ᩱ 4㸪ึ➼୰➼ᩍ⫱ᒁ ᩥ㒊⛉Ꮫ┬㸪2015㸬
http://www.mext.go.jp/component/b_menu/other/__icsFiles/afieldfile/2015/08/28/1361
290_4.pdf[6] ᏛᰯᏳ඲⥲ྜᨭ᥼஦ᴗ㸪㸦㸯㸧ᆅᇦ࡜Ꮫᰯࡢ㐃ᦠ࣭༠ാཬࡧᏛᰯᏳ඲యไᩚഛࡢ᥎㐍➼㸪
2019 ᖺᗘᩥ㒊⛉Ꮫ㛵ಀண⟬㸦᱌㸧ࡢᴫせ㸪ᩥ㒊⛉Ꮫ┬㸪2018㸬
http://www.mext.go.jp/component/b_menu/other/__icsFiles/afieldfile/2018/12/21/1412
042_02.pdf[7] 㸦4㸧ᐇ㊶ⓗ࡞Ᏻ඲ᩍ⫱ࡢ඘ᐇ㸪௧࿴ඖᖺᗘ ᩥ㒊⛉Ꮫⓑ᭩㸪p.156-157㸪ᩥ㒊⛉Ꮫ┬㸪2020㸬
[8] 㸲㸬ᆅᇦ࡟࠾ࡅࡿᏛࡧࡢ᥎㐍 ᏛᰯᏳ඲ࡢ╔⾰⥘᥎㐍㸦1㸧ᏛᰯᏳ඲᥎㐍஦ᴗ㸪௧࿴ 3
ᖺᗘ ᴫ⟬せồࡢㄝ᫂㹼⥲ྜᩍ⫱ᨻ⟇ᒁ㛵ಀ㸪ᩥ㒊⛉Ꮫ┬㸪2020㸬
https://www.mext.go.jp/content/20200929-mxt_kouhou01-000010168_6.pdf[9] Carol Robinson & Daisuke Fujita: Study on the Perceptions of Safety Awarenessheld by Elementary School Students in England, Ꮫᰯ༴ᶵ࡜࣓ࣥࢱࣝࢣ࢔㸪➨ 9 ᕳ㸪
46-54㸪2017㸬[10] Ꮫᰯࡢ⟶⌮ୗࡢ⅏ᐖ[ᖹᡂ 29 ᖺ∧]㸪pp.248㸪⊂❧⾜ᨻἲே᪥ᮏࢫ࣏࣮ࢶ᣺⯆ࢭࣥࢱ࣮㸪2017㸬[11] Ꮫᰯࡢ⟶⌮ୗࡢ⅏ᐖ[ᖹᡂ 30 ᖺ∧]㸪pp.252㸪⊂❧⾜ᨻἲே᪥ᮏࢫ࣏࣮ࢶ᣺⯆ࢭࣥࢱ࣮㸪2018㸬[12] Ꮫᰯࡢ⟶⌮ୗࡢ⅏ᐖ[௧࿴ඖᖺ∧]㸪pp.254㸪⊂❧⾜ᨻἲே᪥ᮏࢫ࣏࣮ࢶ᣺⯆ࢭࣥࢱ࣮㸪2019㸬
[13] ᗈ㎡ⱌ ➨୐∧㸪pp.3216㸪ᒾἼ᭩ᗑ㸪2018㸬౽ీʁιʖϓτΡϕϫϠʖεϥϱηέʖϩ͹‫׈‬ಊয়‫ڱ‬͹඲ՃͶ‫ͤؖ‬Ζ௒ࠬ

Study on Evaluation of Safety Promotion Schools Activities

Daisuke Fujita
Health and Safety Sciences,
Division of Health and Safety Sciences Education

Safety Promotion Schools (SPS) are an initiative aimed at comprehensive andsustainable promotion of safety based on a uniquely Japanese approach to school safety.
At its core is safety education, safety management, and safety teamwork at school. We
at Osaka Kyoiku University are eager to further promote the spread of SPSs in Japanand provide ongoing support for their activities.
The purpose of this study was to consider the evidence of SPS activities for objective
assessment. We survey to the school safety coordinator of SPSs in Japan as aquestionnaire; frequency of injury in school, number of injury and accident mutual aid
benefit contract in school, evaluation for safety awareness and safety behavior of student,
teacher, P.T.A. and the local community from the point of three segments of school safety:
life safety (injury and crime prevention), disaster safety, and traffic safety.
From results of this survey, we were suggested that during the SPS activities could
reduce numbers of injury and accident mutual aid benefit contract in school and improvesafety awareness and safety behavior of student & teacher, especially on life safety andtraffic safety.
In conclusion, we could get positive evidence by mid-term SPS activities that share thephilosophy of building school safety in order to further promote, enhance, and contributeto the sustainable development of environments that enable children to grow and learnsafety.
Key Words: Safety Promotion Schools, injury and accident mutual aid benefit contract,safety awareness and safety behavior, evidenceָߏ҈સਬ਒ιϱνʖ‫ن‬གྷ ୊  ‫ת‬ࢥࣟࢼ⚝࡟࠾ࡅࡿ་Ꮫ㒊᪂ධ⏕ࡢ࣓ࣥࢱࣝ࣊ࣝࢫ࡜ࡑࡢᑐᛂ
࡟ࡋࡀࡁ ࠼ ࡘ ࡼࡩࡌࡴࡽすᇉᝋ௦㸨 ⸨ᮧ࠶ࡁ࡯㸨 㛵す་⛉኱Ꮫ་Ꮫ㒊ி㒔ᕷࢫࢡ࣮ࣝ࢝࢘ࣥࢭ࣮ࣛ  ᖺ࡟ୡ⏺ⓗ࡞ࣃࣥࢹ࣑ࢵࢡ࡜࡞ࡗࡓ &29,' ࡣࠊ኱Ꮫ⏕ࡢ⏕ά࡟ࡶ኱ࡁ࡞ᙳ㡪ࢆཬࡰࡋࡓࠋᚑ᮶ࠊ་Ꮫ⏕ࡣ኱Ꮫ⏕ࡢ୰࡛ࡶࢫࢺࣞࢫࡀ㧗࠸࡜࠸࠺ᅜෆእࡢ◊✲ࡀ࠶ࡿࡓࡵࠊ་Ꮫ㒊  ᖺ⏕  ྡࢆᑐ㇟࡟ &29,' ୗ࡟࠾ࡅࡿ࣓ࣥࢱࣝ࣊ࣝࢫࡢ⌧≧ࢆㄪᰝࡋࡓࠋ⤖ᯝࡼࡾࠊᙜヱ኱Ꮫࡢ௨๓ࡢධᏛ⏕࡜ẚ࡭࡚ 83,ࠊ656 ࡢࢫࢺࣞࢫ཯ᛂ࡟኱ࡁ࡞㐪࠸ࡣ࡞࠿ࡗࡓ
ࡶࡢࡢࠊ㸣ࡀ↓Ẽຊ࡛ࠕఱ࡜࡞ࡃ୙Ᏻ࡛࠶ࡿࠖ࡜࠸࠺ッ࠼ࡀከࡃぢࡽࢀࡓࠋࡲࡓࠊ⚄⤒⑕ഴྥࡢ㧗࠸Ꮫ⏕࠾ࡼࡧ╧╀㞀ᐖࡢぢࡽࢀࡿᏛ⏕ࡀࠊ≉࡟ࢫࢺࣞࢫࡢᙳ㡪ࢆᙉࡃཷࡅ࡚࠸ࡿ
ഴྥࡀ᫂ࡽ࠿࡟࡞ࡗࡓࠋ&29,' ࡢᙳ㡪ࡣ௒ᚋࡶᣢ⥆ࡍࡿ࡜ண᝿ࡉࢀࠊᏛ⏕ࡀ㐺ษ࡞ࢫࢺࣞࢫࢥ࣮ࣆࣥࢢࡀ࡛ࡁࡿࡼ࠺࡟ࢧ࣏࣮ࢺࡍࡿᚲせࡀ࠶ࡿࠋ
࣮࣮࢟࣡ࢻ㸸࣓ࣥࢱࣝ࣊ࣝࢫ ࢫࢺࣞࢫ ་Ꮫ⏕ ᪂ᆺࢥࣟࢼ࢘࢕ࣝࢫ &29,'Ϩ㸬་Ꮫ⏕ࡢ࣓ࣥࢱࣝ࣊ࣝࢫၥ㢟 ࢃࡀᅜࡢ་Ꮫ㒊ࡢᐃဨࡣ་ᖌ୙㊊ゎᾘࡢࡓࡵࠊ ᖺ࡟ฟࡉࢀࡓࠕ⥭ᛴ་ᖌ☜ಖᑐ⟇ࠖࢆཷࡅ࡚  ᖺ㸦ᖹᡂ  ᖺᗘ㸧௨㝆⮫᫬ᐃဨቑࡀᐇ᪋ࡉࢀ࡚࠾ࡾࠊ㐣ཤ  ᖺ㛫࡟  ṓேཱྀࡀ  ୓ே௨ୖῶᑡࡍࡿ୰ࠊ་Ꮫ㒊ࡢᐃဨࡣ 㸣௨ୖቑဨࡉࢀࡓࠋࡑࡢ⤖ᯝ  ᖺࡲ࡛ࡣ ேࡔࡗࡓ་Ꮫ㒊඲యࡢᐃဨࡀ  ᖺ࡟ࡣ  ே࡟ࡲ࡛ቑຍࡋࡓࠋࡇࡢᐃဨቑ࡟ẚ౛ࡋ࡚་Ꮫ⏕ࡢ␃ᖺ⪅ࡀቑຍࡋ࡚࠸ࡿ࡜ᣦ᦬ࡉࢀ࡚࠸ࡿ㹙㹛ࠋᏛᖺࡈ࡜ࡢᏛ⏕ᩘࡀ⥅⥆ⓗ࡟ᢕᥱࡉࢀ࡚࠸ࡿ 㸦ᅜ❧  ᰯࠊබ❧㸰ᰯࠊ⚾❧  ᰯ㸧ࡢ་Ꮫ㒊࣭་⛉኱Ꮫࡢࢹ࣮ࢱ࡟ࡼ
ࡿ࡜ࠊᐃဨቑຍศࢆ⿵ṇࡋࡓୖ࡛␃ᖺ⋡ࢆㄪ࡭ࡿ࡜ࠊ ᖺࢆ  ࡜ࡍࡿ࡜  ᖺ࡟ࡣᖹᆒ 㸣࡜࡞ࡗ࡚࠸ࡿࠋ␃ᖺ⋡ࡣ㐍⣭ุᐃࡢཝࡋࡉࡶ཯ᫎࡉࢀࡿ࡜ࡣ࠸࠼ࠊᛴ⃭࡞␃ᖺ⪅ቑຍࡢ⫼ᬒ࡟ࡣࠊᏛ⏕ࡢᏛຊపୗࡸຮᙉ୙㊊ࡔࡅ࡛ࡣ࡞ࡃࠊ୙Ᏻࡸᢚ࠺ࡘ࡞࡝ࡢ⢭⚄⑕≧ࠊពḧ࣭ࣔࢳ࣮࣋ࢩࣙࣥࡢపୗ࡞࡝ࡢᚰ⌮ⓗせᅉࡶᙳ㡪ࡋ࡚࠸ࡿྍ⬟ᛶࡀ࠶ࡿ࡜ᣦ᦬ࡉࢀ࡚࠸ࡿ㹙㹛ࠋ␃ᖺ⋡࡜ྠᵝࡢ᪉ἲ࡛⟬ฟࡉࢀࡓ  ᰯࡢᏛ⏕ࡢᖹᆒఇᏛ⋡ࡀࠊ ᖺࢆ  ࡜ࡋࡓሙྜࠊ ᖺ࡟ 㸣࡜࡞ࡗ࡚࠸ࡿࡇ࡜࠿ࡽࠊᚰ㌟ࡢ୙ㄪ⪅ࡀቑຍࡋ࡚࠸ࡿࡢ࡛ࡣ࡞࠸
࠿࡜᥎ᐹࡉࢀࡿࠋ࠶ࡿ་Ꮫ㒊ࡢㄪᰝ࡛ࡣࠊ࣓ࣥࢱࣝ࣊ࣝࢫࡢ୙ㄪ⪅ࡢ๭ྜࡀ 㸣ࢆ㉸࠼࡚࠸ࡓࡇ࡜ࡀሗ࿌ࡉࢀ࡚࠸ࡿ㹙㹛ࠋࡲࡓࠊᑠᯘࡽࡣࠊ⮫᫬ᐃဨቑᚋ࡟ධᏛࡋࡓ་Ꮫ⏕ࢆㄪᰝࡋࠊ
㸯ࠊ㸰ᖺ⏕ࡢ  ๭㏆ࡃࡀᏛᴗࠊ஺཭࣭ᑐே㛵ಀ࡟ࡘ࠸࡚ࠊ⣙  ๭ࡀ࣓ࣥࢱࣝ࣊ࣝࢫࡢၥ㢟࡟ࡘ࠸࡚┦ㄯࢆᚲせ࡜ឤࡌ࡚࠸ࡿࡇ࡜ࢆ᫂ࡽ࠿࡟ࡋ࡚࠸ࡿ㹙㹛ࠋᑠᯘࡽࡣࠊࡇࢀࡽࡢᩘ್ࡣࡍ
࡭࡚ࡢᏛ㒊ࢆྵࡴ඲ᅜࡢᅜ❧኱Ꮫ࡛⾜ࢃࢀࡓㄪᰝࡢࠊ㸯ࠊ㸰ᖺ⏕ࡢ⤖ᯝࡼࡾࡶ㧗࠸್࡛࠶ࡿ
ࡇ࡜ࢆᣦ᦬ࡋ࡚࠸ࡿࠋ ་Ꮫ⏕ࡢ࣓ࣥࢱࣝ࣊ࣝࢫ࡟㛵ࡍࡿᾏእࡢࢹ࣮ࢱ࡟┠ࢆྥࡅࡿ࡜ࠊ඲⡿ࡢ་Ꮫ⏕ࡢ 㸣࡟੤֠ʀ౽ଞ αϫψՔͶ͕͜Ζҫָ෨৿೘ਫ਼͹ϟϱνϩϖϩηͳͨ͹ଲԢࣂ࣮ࣥ࢔࢘ࢺࠊ㸣࡟୙Ᏻ⑕ࠊ㸣࡟ᢚ࠺ࡘ⑕≧ࡀぢࡽࢀࡓ࡜ࡢሗ࿌ࡀ࠶ࡿ㹙㹛㹙㹛ࠋࡲࡓࠊูࡢㄪᰝ࡛ࡣࠊ་Ꮫ⏕ࡢ 㸣ࡀ୰⛬ᗘ௨ୖࡢᢚ࠺ࡘ≧ែ࡛࠶ࡿࡀࠊࡑࡢ࠺ࡕ 㸣ࡣᮍཷデ࡛࠶ࡗࡓ࡜ሗ࿌ࡉࢀ࡚࠸ࡿ㹙㹛
ࠋ%UD]HDX ࡽࡣࠊ་Ꮫ㒊ධᏛணᐃ⪅࡜ࡑࢀ௨እࡢ኱Ꮫ༞ᴗ⪅ࡢࢥ࣮࣍ࢺࢆẚ㍑ࡋ࡚ࠊ་Ꮫ㒊ධᏛணᐃ⪅ࡢ᪉ࡀᢚ࠺ࡘ࡜ࣂ࣮ࣥ࢔࢘ࢺࡀᑡ࡞ࡃࠊᚰ㌟࠾ࡼ
ࡧឤ᝟ࡢ 42/ ࡀ㧗࠸ࡇ࡜ࢆ᫂ࡽ࠿࡟ࡋ࡚࠸ࡿ㹙㹛ࠋධᏛ๓࡟ࡣྠୡ௦ࡢࢥ࣮࣍ࢺࡼࡾࡶᚰ㌟
ࡢ≧ែࡀࡼ࠸࡟ࡶ㛵ࢃࡽࡎࠊከࡃࡢ་Ꮫ⏕ࡀ࣓ࣥࢱࣝ࣊ࣝࢫ࡟ၥ㢟ࢆᢪ࠼࡚࠸ࡿ࡜࠸࠺ࡇ
࡜ࡣࠊ་Ꮫ㒊࡛ࡢ⤒㦂ࡑࡢࡶࡢࡀཎᅉ࡜࡞ࡗ࡚࠸ࡿྍ⬟ᛶࡀ࠶ࡿࠋ་Ꮫ⏕ࡢ࣓ࣥࢱࣝ࣊ࣝࢫ
୙ㄪࡢ㛵㐃せᅉ࡜ࡋ࡚ࠊᏛ⏕ࡢᛶ᱁≉ᛶࠊཝࡋ࠸Ꮫ⩦⎔ቃࠊ➇தⓗ࡞ே㛫㛵ಀࠊ⮫ᗋᐇ⩦࡛┤㠃ࡍࡿᝈ⪅ࡢⱞᝎ࡞࡝ࡀᣲࡆࡽࢀ࡚࠸ࡿࠋࡲࡓࠊ≉࡟⮫ᗋᐇ⩦୰࡟⤒㦂ࡍࡿᝈ⪅ࡢṚࠊ㞴ࡋ࠸ᝈ⪅࡬ࡢᑐᛂࠊᐇ⩦ඛ་⒪ࢳ࣮࣒ෆ࡛ࡢᑐே㛵ಀࡀࡁࡗ࠿ࡅ࡟࡞ࡾࡸࡍ࠸࡜ࡶᣦ᦬ࡉ
ࢀ࡚࠸ࡿ㹙㹛ࠋ᪥ᮏ࡜Ḣ⡿ࡢ་Ꮫ㒊࡛ࡣࠊධᏛ᫬ࡢᏛ⏕ࡢᖺ㱋ࡸࠊ࣒࢝ࣜ࢟ࣗࣛࡢෆᐜࡸᖺᩘ࡟㐪࠸ࡀ࠶ࡿࡓࡵ୍ᴫ࡟ẚ㍑ࡣ࡛ࡁ࡞࠸ࡀࠊ་Ꮫᩍ⫱ࡢ୰࡛Ꮫ⏕ࡀ㐼㐝ࡍࡿయຊⓗ࣭⢭⚄ⓗ࡟ཝࡋ࠸≧ἣ࡟ࡣ࠶ࡿ⛬ᗘඹ㏻Ⅼࡀ࠶ࡿ࡜⪃࠼ࡽࢀࡿࠋ་Ꮫ㒊ࡣ኱ᏛࡢྛᏛ㒊ࡢ୰࡛ࡶཷ㦂೫ᕪ್ࡀ㧗ࡃࠊධᏛᚋࡢ࣒࢝ࣜ࢟ࣗࣛࡢ㐣ᐦࡉࠊ㐍⣭ࡢཝࡋࡉࠊඹ⏝ヨ㦂㸦&%7࣭26&(㸧ࠊ⮫ᗋᐇ⩦ࠊ
ᅜᐙヨ㦂࡞࡝ࢡࣜ࢔ࡋ࡞ࡅࢀࡤ࡞ࡽ࡞࠸ࣁ࣮ࢻࣝࡢከࡉ࡛▱ࡽࢀ࡚࠸ࡿࠋᏛ⏕ࡢ෇⁥࡞Ꮫᴗࡢ㐙⾜࡜ᡂຌࢆᐇ⌧ࡍࡿ࡟ࡣࠊᚰ㌟࡜ࡶ࡟೺ᗣ࡛࠶ࡿࡇ࡜ࠊࡑࡋ࡚ࡶࡋࡑࢀࡀ㜼ᐖࡉࢀ࡚࠸ࡿሙྜ࡟ࡣࠊᚲせ࠿ࡘ༑ศ࡞ᨭ᥼ࡀཷࡅࡽࢀࡿࡇ࡜ࡀᚲせ࡛࠶ࡿࠋ≉࡟⢭⚄ⓗ೺ᗣ㸦࣓ࣥࢱࣝ࣊ࣝࢫ㸧ࡣࠊᏛ⏕ࡢᏛᴗ࡟ᑐࡍࡿືᶵ࡙ࡅࠊ㞟୰ຊࠊ♫఍ᛶ࡟㔜኱࡞ᙳ㡪ࢆཬࡰࡍࡀ㹙㹛ࠊ㌟యⓗ೺ᗣ࡜ࡣ␗࡞ࡾᮏேࡢ⮬ぬࡸ࿘ᅖ࠿ࡽࡢྍど໬ࡀᅔ㞴࡞ሙྜࡶ࠶ࡿࡢ࡛ࠊ᪩ᮇࡢⓎぢࡸᑐᛂࡀᚲせ࡛࠶ࡿࠋࡇࢀࡲ࡛ࡢሗ࿌࡛᫂ࡽ࠿࡟ࡉࢀࡓ≧ἣࢆ㚷ࡳࡿ࡜ࠊ་Ꮫ⏕ࡢ࣓ࣥࢱࣝ࣊ࣝࢫࡢࢧ࣏࣮ࢺࡣࠊ୙ㄪ࡟㝗ࡗࡓ≉ᐃࡢᏛ⏕ࡢࡳࢆᑐ㇟࡟ࡍࡿࡢ࡛ࡣ࡞ࡃࠊ඲ဨ࡟ᑐࡋ
࡚᪩ᮇࡢၥ㢟ᢕᥱ࡜ண㜵ⓗᥐ⨨ࡀᚲせ࡛࠶ࡿ࡜⪃࠼ࡽࢀࡿࠋ
ϩ㸬&29,' ୗࡢ኱Ꮫ⏕࠾ࡼࡧ་Ꮫ⏕ࡢ࣓ࣥࢱࣝ࣊ࣝࢫ
 ᖺ  ᭶࡟୰ᅜࡢṊ₎࡛᫂ࡽ࠿࡟࡞ࡗࡓ᪂ᆺࢥࣟࢼ࢘࢕ࣝࢫឤᰁ⑕㸦&29,'㸧ࡣࠊࡲࡓࡓࡃ㛫࡟඲ୡ⏺࡟ᗈࡀࡾࠊ:+2 ࡣ  ᖺ  ᭶  ᪥࡟ࣃࣥࢹ࣑ࢵࢡࢆᐉゝࡋࡓࠋከࡃࡢ
ᅜ࡛እฟ⚗Ṇ௧ࡀฟࡉࢀࠊேࠎࡢ᪥ᖖ⏕άࡣ኱ࡁ࡞ኚ໬ࢆవ൤࡞ࡃࡉࢀࡓࠋឤᰁ࡬ࡢᜍᛧࠊ⤒῭ⓗ୙Ᏻࠊ♫఍ⓗ㊥㞳ࢆಖࡘࡓࡵࡢᑐேⓗ᥋ゐᶵ఍ࡢపῶࡣࠊேࠎࡢ࣓ࣥࢱࣝ࣊ࣝࢫ࡟ࡶ
ࡉࡲࡊࡲ࡞ᙳ㡪ࢆཬࡰࡍ࡜ண᝿ࡉࢀࡓࠋ᪥ᮏ࡛ࡣ⌧᫬Ⅼ࡛ࠊ&29,' ࡢ኱Ꮫ⏕࡟ᑐࡍࡿᙳ㡪ࡢ඲ᅜつᶍࡢㄪᰝ⤖ᯝࡣⓎ⾲ࡉࢀ࡚࠾ࡽࡎࠊ኱Ꮫ⊂⮬ࡢㄪᰝ⤖ᯝࡀᩓⓎⓗ࡟Ⓨ⾲ࡉࢀ࡚࠸ࡿ࡟࡜࡝ࡲࡗ࡚࠸ࡿࡓࡵࠊᮏ⠇࡛ࡣᾏእࡢ◊✲ࢆ୰ᚰ࡟ &29,' ࡢ኱Ꮫ⏕࠾ࡼࡧ་Ꮫ⏕࡟ᑐࡍࡿᙳ㡪࡟㛵ࡍࡿㄪᰝࢆᴫほࡍࡿࠋ⡿ᅜ࡛ࡣࠊ$PHULFDQ&ROOHJH+HDOWK$VVRFLDWLRQ ࡜ࠊ7KH+HDOWK\0LQGV1HWZRUN ࡟ᒓࡍࡿ  ኱Ꮫ࠿ࡽࣛࣥࢲ࣒ࢧࣥࣉࣜࣥࢢࡉࢀࡓᏛ⏕ࡢ࠺ࡕィ  ேࡀࠊ ᖺࡢ  ᭶࠿ࡽ  ᭶࡟࠿ࡅ࡚኱Ꮫ⏕ࡢ࢙࢘ࣝࣅ࣮࢖ࣥࢢ࡟㛵ࡍࡿㄪᰝ࡟༠ຊࡋ࡚࠸ࡿࠋ⤖ᯝࡼࡾࠊ㸣㏆ࡃࡢཧຍ⪅ࡀ⮬ศࡣ &29,' ࡟ឤᰁࡍࡿྍ⬟ᛶࡀ࠶ࡿ࡜ឤࡌ࡚࠾ࡾࠊ㸣ࡀಶேࡢᏳ඲
࡟ᑐࡋ࡚୙Ᏻࢆឤࡌ࡚࠸ࡓࠋࣃࣥࢹ࣑ࢵࢡ௨๓ࡢ  ᖺ⛅ࡢࢹ࣮ࢱ࡜ẚ㍑ࡍࡿ࡜ࠊᢚ࠺ࡘࡣ 㸣⛬ᗘୖ᪼ࡋ࡚ 㸣࡜࡞ࡗࡓ୍᪉ࠊᏙ⊂ឤ࡟኱ࡁ࡞ኚ໬ࡣ࡞ࡃࠊ኱㔞㣧㓇࡜㐪ἲ⸆≀ࡢᦤྲྀࡣ࠸ࡎࢀࡶῶᑡࡋ࡚࠸ࡓࠋࡲࡓࠊ୙Ᏻࡣ 㸣࡜ኚ໬ࡀ࡞ࡃࠊ⮬ẅᛕ៖ࡣ 㸣⛬ᗘపୗࡋ࡚ 㸣࡛࠶ࡗࡓࠋࣞࢪ࢚ࣜࣥࢫࡸ࣏ࢪࢸ࢕ࣅࢸ࢕ࢆ࠶ࡽࢃࡍ IORXULVKLQJ ⦾ᰤ ࡟ࡘ࠸࡚ࡶ࡯࡜ࢇ࡝ኚ໬ࡣ࡞࠿ࡗࡓ㹙㹛ࠋูࡢ◊✲࡛ࡣࠊࢸ࢟ࢧࢫᕞࡢ኱Ꮫ࡛ ]RRP ࢆ㏻ࡋ࡚ָߏ҈સਬ਒ιϱνʖ‫ن‬གྷ ୊  ‫ת‬ᐇ᪋ࡉࢀࡓ㠃᥋ㄪᰝࡢ⤖ᯝࠊཧຍࡋࡓ  ྡࡢᏛ⏕ࡢ࠺ࡕ 㸣ࡀ㞟୰ຊࡢḞዴࠊ㸣ࡀ╧╀㞀ᐖࠊ㸣ࡀ♫఍ⓗ࡞Ꮩ❧ࢆッ࠼࡚࠸ࡓࠋᏛᴗ࡟ࡘ࠸࡚ࡣ 㸣ࡀᠱᛕࢆ♧ࡋ࡚࠸ࡓࡀࠊ
༙ᩘࡢᏛ⏕ࡣ㏻ᖖࡼࡾࡶࢫࢺࣞࢫࣞ࣋ࣝࡣప࠸࡜ᅇ⟅ࡋ࡚࠸ࡓ㹙㹛ࠋ୍᪉ࠊࣇࣛࣥࢫ࡛ࡣ  ᖺࡢ  ᭶࠿ࡽ  ᭶࡟࠿ࡅ࡚඲኱Ꮫ⏕⣙  ୓ே࡟ᑐࡋ࡚࢙࢘ࣈ
ㄪᰝࡀᐇ᪋ࡉࢀࠊ ேࡢࢹ࣮ࢱࡀᅇ཰ࡉࢀ࡚࠸ࡿ㸦ᅇ཰⋡ 㸣㸧ࠋ⤖ᯝࡼࡾࠊ⮬ẅᛕ៖ࡣ 㸣ࠊ῝้࡞ⱞᝎࡀ 㸣ࠊ⮬ぬⓗࢫࢺࣞࢫࡀ 㸣ࠊᢚ࠺ࡘࡀ 㸣ࠊ୙Ᏻࡀ㸣ࡢᏛ⏕࡟ࡳࡽࢀࡓࠋࡇࡢ࠺ࡕࡦ࡜ࡘ௨ୖࡢ⑕≧࡟ヱᙜࡋࡓᏛ⏕ࡣ 㸣࡟ୖࡗࡓࠋ
⑕≧ࡢฟ⌧࡜㛵㐃ࡍࡿせᅉ࡜ࡋ࡚ࠊዪᏊᏛ⏕࡛࠶ࡿࡇ࡜ࠊ⤒῭୙Ᏻࡀ࠶ࡿࡇ࡜ࠊᒃఫ⎔ቃࡀຎᝏ࡛࠶ࡿࡇ࡜ࠊឤᰁᣑ኱ᆅᇦ࡟ᒃఫࡋ࡚࠸ࡿࡇ࡜ࠊ㐣ཤ࡟⢭⚄⛉ࡢ⤒㐣ほᐹṔࡀ࠶ࡿࡇ࡜ࠊ
&29,' ࡢ⑕≧ࡀฟ࡚࠸ࡿࡇ࡜ࠊ㌟యⓗ㐠ືࡀᑡ࡞࠸ࡇ࡜ࡀᣲࡆࡽࢀ࡚࠸ࡿ㹙㹛ࠋ&29,' ୗ࡟࠾ࡅࡿ་Ꮫ⏕ࡢ࣓ࣥࢱࣝ࣊ࣝࢫ࡟ࡘ࠸࡚ࡣࠊ/DVKHUDV ࡽࡀ࣓ࢱ࢔ࢼࣜࢩࢫ
ࢆ⾜ࡗ࡚࠸ࡿࠋ㑅ᢥࡉࢀࡓ  ࡘࡢㄽᩥࡢ࠺ࡕࠊ୰ᅜࡢ་Ꮫ⏕ࡢࡶࡢࡀ  ⦅ࠊࡑࢀ௨እࡣ࢔ࣛ
ࣈ㤳㛗ᅜ㐃㑥ࠊ࢖ࣛࣥࠊࣈࣛࢪࣝࠊ࢖ࣥࢻࡢ་Ꮫ⏕ࢆᑐ㇟࡜ࡋ࡚࠸ࡓࠋ඲య࡛ࡢ୙Ᏻࡢ᭷⑕⋡ࡣ 㸣㸦ಙ㢗༊㛫 㸣㸧࡛࠶ࡗࡓࡀࠊ◊✲㛫࡛᭷ពᕪࡀぢࡽࢀࡓࠋឤᰁࡀᣑ኱ࡋ࡚࠸
ࡿ࠿ࠊ࠶ࡿ࠸ࡣឤᰁண㜵ࡢࡓࡵࡢ㈨※࡟ஈࡋ࠸㎶ቃᆅᇦࡢᏛ⏕࡟࠾࠸࡚ࠊ୙Ᏻࡣࡼࡾ㧗࠸ഴྥ࡟࠶ࡗࡓࠋ ㄽᩥࡢ࠺ࡕ࢔ࣛࣈ㤳㛗ᅜ㐃㑥ࠊ࢖ࣛࣥࠊࣈࣛࢪࣝࠊ࢖ࣥࢻࠊ࠾ࡼࡧ୰ᅜࡢ࠺
ࡕ୍⦅࡛ࡣዪᏊᏛ⏕ࡢ୙Ᏻࡀ᭷ព࡟㧗࠿ࡗࡓ㹙㹛ࠋ/DVKHUDV ࡟ࡼࢀࡤࠊዪᏊᏛ⏕ࡢ୙Ᏻࡢ㧗ࡉࡣ 0(56㸦୰ᮾ࿧྾ჾ⑕ೃ⩌㸧ࡢ㝿࡟ࡶ☜ㄆࡉࢀ࡚࠸ࡿ㹙㹛ࠋ୍᪉ࠊ6DUDVZDWKL ࡽࡣ࢖ࣥࢻࡢ࠶ࡿ኱Ꮫࡢ་Ꮫ㒊ࡢᏛ㒊⏕ࢆᑐ㇟࡜ࡋࡓ࣓ࣥࢱࣝ࣊ࣝࢫㄪᰝࢆࠊࣃࣥࢹ࣑ࢵࢡ௨๓ࡢ  ᖺ  ᭶࡜ ୰ࡢ  ᖺ  ᭶࡟ᐇ᪋ࡋࠊẚ㍑ࡋ࡚࠸ࡿࠋ⤖ᯝࡼࡾࠊᢚ࠺ࡘࡢṇᖖ⪅๭ྜࡣ  ᖺࡢ 㸣࠿ࡽ  ᖺ࡟ࡣ 㸣ࠊ୙Ᏻࡢṇᖖ⪅ࡣ 㸣࠿ࡽ 㸣ࠊࢫࢺࣞࢫࡢṇᖖ⪅ࡣࠊ㸣࠿ࡽ 㸣࡜పୗࡋ࡚࠸ࡓࠋ୙Ᏻ࡜ࢫࢺࣞࢫࢆ♧ࡍྛࢫࢥ࢔ࡢ
ୖ᪼ࡣ⤫ィⓗ࡟᭷ព࡛࠶ࡗࡓࡀࠊᢚ࠺ࡘ࡟ࡣኚ໬ࡀㄆࡵࡽࢀ࡞࠿ࡗࡓࠋ6DUDVZDWKL ࡽࡣࠊᛶูࠊᏛᖺࠊᒃఫᆅᇦࠊ཰ධࠊ╧╀ࡢ㉁ࠊ࣮࣋ࢫࣛ࢖ࣥࡢᢚ࠺ࡘ࣭୙Ᏻ࣭ࢫࢺࣞࢫࣞ࣋ࣝࠊ
&29,' ᝈ⪅࡬ࡢ᥋ゐࡸࠊᐙ᪘࣭཭ே࡟㝧ᛶ⪅ࡀฟ࡚࠸ࡿࡇ࡜ࡀࠊ࣓ࣥࢱࣝ࣊ࣝࢫࡢண
ᅉ࡟࡞ࡿ࡜㏙࡭࡚࠸ࡿ㹙㹛ࠋࡇࢀࡲ࡛ࡢ◊✲⤖ᯝ࠿ࡽࠊ་Ꮫ⏕ࡓࡕࡣ &29,' ࡢᙳ㡪ࡣཷࡅ࡚ࡣ࠸ࡿࡀ࣓ࣥࢱࣝ࣊ࣝ
ࢫࡀ୍ᵝ࡟ⴭࡋࡃపୗࡋ࡚࠸ࡿ࡜ࡲ࡛ࡣゝ࠸ษࢀ࡞࠸ࡼ࠺࡛࠶ࡿࠋ/DVKHUDV ࡽࡣࠊࡶ࡜ࡶ
࡜་Ꮫ⏕ࡢ୙Ᏻࡣ୺࡟Ꮫᴗࡢཝࡋࡉ࡟⏤᮶ࡍࡿࡶࡢࡔࡗࡓࡢ࡛ࠊ&29,' ࡢࡶ࡜࡛ࡣ㏻ᖖ
ࡼࡾࡶࡑࡢཝࡋࡉࡀ⦆࿴ࡉࢀࡓྍ⬟ᛶࡀ࠶ࡿࡇ࡜ࠊ་Ꮫ⏕ࡣឤᰁ⑕࠾ࡼࡧឤᰁண㜵࡟ࡘ࠸࡚ࡢ⛉Ꮫⓗ▱㆑ࢆᣢࡗ࡚࠸ࡿࡓࡵࠊ㐣๫࡞୙Ᏻࡸᜍࢀࢆᢪࡃࡇ࡜ࡀᑡ࡞࠸ࡢ࡛ࡣ࡞࠸࠿࡜
⪃ᐹࡋ࡚࠸ࡿ㹙㹛ࠋࡓࡔࡋ '29,' ࡢ་Ꮫ⏕ࡢ࣓ࣥࢱࣝ࣊ࣝࢫ࡟ᑐࡍࡿᙳ㡪ࡣࠊࢹ࣮ࢱ཰
㞟ᆅᇦࡢ೫ࡾࡸࠊㄪᰝ᫬ᮇࠊឤᰁ≧ἣࡢ㐪࠸ࠊㄽᩥᩘࡢᑡ࡞ࡉ࡞࡝࠿ࡽࠊࡑࢀࢆ୍⯡໬ࡋ࡚ࡑࡢࡲࡲ᪥ᮏ࡟㐺⏝ࡍࡿࡇ࡜ࡣ㞴ࡋ࠸ࡔࢁ࠺ࠋ
Ϫ㸬ᮏ◊✲ࡢ⫼ᬒ࡜┠ⓗ ᖺ  ᭶  ᪥࡟ึࡵ࡚ឤᰁ⪅ࡀ☜ㄆࡉࢀ࡚௨᮶ࠊ᪥ᮏᅜෆ࡟ࡶ &29,' ࡢ㞟ᅋឤᰁࡀᗈࡲࡗࡓࠋ ᭶  ᪥࡟ࡣ඲㒔㐨ᗓ┴࡟ᑐࡋ࡚⥭ᛴ஦ែᐉゝࡀฟࡉࢀࠊ ᭶  ᪥࡟ᅜෆࡢ⛣ື⮬⢔せㄳࡀゎ㝖ࡉࢀࡿࡲ࡛ࡢ㛫ࠊከࡃࡢ㣧㣗ᗑࡸၟᗑࡀႠᴗࢆ⮬⢔ࡋࡓࠋ$ ኱Ꮫ࡛ࡣ༞
ᴗᘧ࡜ධᏛᘧࡀྲྀࡾࡸࡵ࡜࡞ࡾࠊ᪂ᖺᗘࡢᤵᴗࡣ  ᭶ୗ᪪࠿ࡽ㐲㝸࡛㛤ጞࡉࢀࡓࠋࡑࡢᚋࠊ
⮬἞యࡢఇᴗせㄳࡀゎ㝖ࡉࢀࡓ  ᭶  ᪥௨㝆ࠊẁ㝵ⓗ࡟ᑐ㠃ᤵᴗࡀ෌㛤ࡉࢀࠊ➨  Ἴ࡜࠸ࢃࢀ࡚࠸ࡿ  ᖺ  ᭶⌧ᅾࠊཎ๎࡜ࡋ࡚ᑐ㠃ᤵᴗࡀ⥆ࡅࡽࢀ࡚࠸ࡿࠋ
੤֠ʀ౽ଞ αϫψՔͶ͕͜Ζҫָ෨৿೘ਫ਼͹ϟϱνϩϖϩηͳͨ͹ଲԢ᪤࡟ᴫほࡋࡓ་Ꮫ⏕ࡢ࣓ࣥࢱࣝ࣊ࣝࢫࡢࢹ࣮ࢱ࡟♧ࡉࢀࡿ㏻ࡾࠊୡ⏺ྛᅜࡢ་Ꮫ⏕ࡢከࡃࡣᖹᖖ᫬࠿ࡽᏛᴗ⏤᮶ࡢ࣓ࣥࢱࣝ࣊ࣝࢫࡢၥ㢟ࢆᢪ࠼࡚࠸ࡿ࡜ᣦ᦬ࡉࢀ࡚࠸ࡓࠋࡋ࠿ࡋࠊ
&29,' ࡀ་Ꮫ⏕ࡢ࣓ࣥࢱࣝ࣊ࣝࢫ࡟୚࠼ࡓࢿ࢞ࢸ࢕ࣈ࡞ᙳ㡪ࡣࠊࡇࢀࡲ࡛࡟Ⓨ⾲ࡉࢀࡓ◊✲⤖ᯝࢆぢࡿ㝈ࡾࠊ㝿❧ࡗ࡚῝้࡞≧ἣ࡛ࡣ࡞࠸ࡼ࠺࡟ࡶࡳ࠼ࡿࠋࡓࡔࠊ&29,' ࡢឤᰁ≧ἣࡸࡑࢀ࡟ᑐࡍࡿᑐᛂࡣᅜࡸᆅᇦ࡟ࡼࡗ࡚኱ࡁࡃ␗࡞ࡿࡓࡵࠊࡑࢀࡽࢆ⪃៖ࡋヲ⣽࡟ࡳ࡚࠸ࡃᚲせࡀ࠶ࡿࡀࠊ᪥ᮏ࡛ࡣࡲࡔಙ㢗࡛ࡁࡿㄪᰝ⤖ᯝࡀⓎ⾲ࡉࢀ࡚࠸࡞࠸ࠋ
$ ኱Ꮫࡢᚰ⌮Ꮫᩍᐊ࡛ࡣࠊ௨๓ࡼࡾᏛ⏕ࡢ࣓ࣥࢱࣝ࣊ࣝࢫࡢᢕᥱࡢࡓࡵ࡟ㄪᰝࢆ⾜ࡗ࡚࠸ࡓࡀࠊ௒ᅇࡣ $ ኱Ꮫࡢ་Ꮫ㒊Ꮫ⏕ࡢࢥࣟࢼୗ࡟࠾ࡅࡿ࣓ࣥࢱࣝ࣊ࣝࢫࡢ≧ἣࢆᢕᥱࡍࡿࡓ
ࡵࠊ᪂ࡓ࡞࢔ࢭࢫ࣓ࣥࢺࢶ࣮ࣝࢆຍ࠼࡚ㄪᰝࡍࡿࡇ࡜࡟ࡋࡓࠋࡑࡢ⤖ᯝࢆ㐣ᖺᗘࡢᏛ⏕ࡢࢹ࣮ࢱ࡜ẚ㍑ࡍࡿࡇ࡜࡟ࡼࡗ࡚ࠊ౛ᖺ࡜ࡢ㐪࠸ࡢ᭷↓ࡸᨭ᥼ࡢࢽ࣮ࢬࢆ᫂ࡽ࠿࡟ࡍࡿࡇ࡜ࢆ
┠ⓗ࡜ࡋ࡚ᮏ◊✲ࢆ⾜ࡗࡓࠋ᪥ᮏࡢ་Ꮫ㒊ࡣᏛ㒊ᩍ⫱࠿ࡽጞࡲࡿࡓࡵධᏛᖺ㱋ࡀⱝࡃࠊ㧗ᰯ࠿ࡽ኱Ꮫ࡬ࡢࢺࣛࣥࢪࢩࣙࣥ㸦⛣⾜㸧ࡢ᫬ᮇ࡜㔜࡞ࡿࡇ࡜࠿ࡽࠊ་Ꮫ㒊  ᖺ⏕ࡣ㧗ᰯ࠿ࡽ኱Ꮫ࡜་Ꮫ㒊࡬ࡢ஧㔜ࡢ㐺ᛂࡀᚲせ࡜࡞ࡿࠋ ᖺࡢධᏛ⏕ࡣᑐ㠃࡛ࡢධᏛᘧࡸ࢚࢜ࣜࣥࢸ
࣮ࢩࣙࣥࡢ࡞࠸ࡲࡲࠊᏛ⏕⏕άࡀጞࡲࡗ࡚࠾ࡾࠊᏛ⏕㛫ࡢ஺ὶࢆ῝ࡵࡿྜᐟ◊ಟ࡞࡝ࡢ⾜஦ࡶ⤒㦂ࡋ࡚࠸࡞࠸ࡓࡵࠊ኱Ꮫ⏕ά࡬ࡢ㐺ᛂୖࠊ౛ᖺ࡜ࡣ␗࡞ࡿ≧ែ࡟࠶ࡿ࡜⪃࠼ࡽࢀࡿࠋࡑ
ࡢࡓࡵࠊᮏ◊✲ࡢㄪᰝᑐ㇟ࡣ  ᖺ⏕࡟⤠ࡾࠊᏛ⏕ࡢ≧ἣࢆᢕᥱࡍࡿࡇ࡜࡟ࡋࡓࠋ
ϫ㸬᪉ἲᑐ㇟㸸$ ኱Ꮫ་Ꮫ㒊࡟  ᖺᗘධᏛࡢ  ᖺ⏕  ྡ㸦⏨Ꮚ  ྡࠊዪᏊ  ྡ㸧   ᖹᆒᖺ㱋  ṓ㸦6' 㸧       ᅇ⟅᫬ࡢᒃఫᆅ ⮬Ꮿ  ྡ ୗᐟ  ྡࠊ୙᫂  ྡㄪᰝ᫬ᮇ㸸 ᖺ  ᭶ୗ᪪㹼 ᭶ึ᪪ᐇ᪋᪉ἲ㸸ㄪᰝࡣᐇ⩦⛉┠ࡢ୍⎔࡜ࡋ࡚ᐇ᪋ࡋࡓࠋ㐲㝸ᤵᴗ୰࡛࠶ࡗࡓࡓࡵࠊ㉁ၥ⚊ࢆᏛ⏕ࡢᒃఫඛ࡟㏦௜ࡋᅇ⟅ࢆồࡵࡓࠋᅇ཰ࡣ㏉ಙ⏝ᑒ⟄࡟࡚㒑㏦࡛ཷࡅྲྀࡗࡓࠋ୍㒊ࡣᑐ㠃ᤵᴗ෌㛤ᚋ࡟┤᥋ᥦฟࡉࢀࡓࠋᐃල㸸
8QLYHUVLW\3HUVRQDOLW\,QYHQWRU\㸦83,㸧㹙㹛ࡣࠊ኱Ꮫಖ೺㡿ᇦ࡛ࡣࡼࡃ⏝࠸ࡽࢀࡿ኱
Ꮫ⏕ྥࡅ࣓ࣥࢱࣝ࣊ࣝࢫࡢࢫࢡ࣮ࣜࢽࣥࢢ᳨ᰝ࡛࠶ࡿࠋ⢭⚄㌟యⓗッ࠼ࠊᢚ࠺ࡘഴྥࠊᑐே
୙Ᏻࠊᙉ㏕ഴྥ࣭⿕ᐖ㛵ಀᛕ៖ࡢ඲  㡯┠࠿ࡽᵓᡂࡉࢀࠊヱᙜࡍࡿࡶࡢ࡟ࠐࢆࡘࡅ࡚ᅇ⟅ࡍࡿࠋ㓇஭ࡽࡣࠊ83, ࡣẚ㍑ⓗ೺ᗣᗘࡢ㧗࠸Ꮫ⏕࡟ࡘ࠸࡚ᝎࡳࡈ࡜ࡢෆᐜࢆ᫂ࡽ࠿࡟ࡋࡘࡘ
㠃᥋ࡢᑟධ࡟ࡶ౑࠼ࡿ࡯࠿ࠊ⑓⌮ࡢ᳨ฟ࡟ࡶ༑ศ࡞⢭ᗘࢆᣢࡘ࡜㏙࡭࡚࠸ࡿ㹙㹛ࠋ
6WUHVV5HVSRQVH6FDOH 656 㹙㹛ࡣࠊ᪥ᖖ⏕άࡢ୰࡛⤒㦂ࡍࡿࢫࢺࣞࢫሙ㠃࡟࠾ࡅࡿᚰ⌮ⓗࢫࢺࣞࢫ཯ᛂࢆࠊᢚ࠺ࡘ࣭୙Ᏻࠊ୙ᶵ᎘࣭ᛣࡾࠊ↓Ẽຊࡢ  㡯┠ࡢ㉁ၥ࡟ᑐࡋ
࡚  ௳ἲ࡛ᅇ⟅ࡍࡿᑻᗘ࡛࠶ࡿࠋ༑ศ࡞ಙ㢗ᛶ࡜ጇᙜᛶࡀ☜ㄆࡉࢀ࡚࠸ࡿࠋ
኱Ꮫ⏕⏝ࢫࢺࣞࢫ⮬ᕫホ౯ᑻᗘ㸦6WUHVV6HOI5DWLQJ6FDOH㸸6656㸧
㹙㹛ࡣࠊᑿ㛵ࡽࡢ
㛤Ⓨ࡟ࡼࡿᑻᗘ࡛ࠊࢫࢺࣞࢫ཯ᛂ  㡯┠ࠊࢫࢺࣞࢵࢧ࣮ 㡯┠ࠊㄆ▱ⓗホ౯  㡯┠ࠊࢥ࣮ࣆࣥࢢ  㡯┠ࠊࢯ࣮ࢩࣕࣝࢧ࣏࣮ࢺ  㡯┠ࠊ࣮ࣘࣔ࢔  㡯┠ࡢィ  㡯┠࠿ࡽᵓᡂࡉ
ࢀ࡚࠸ࡿࠋᮏ◊✲࡛ࡣࠊࢫࢺࣞࢫ཯ᛂ࡜ࢫࢺࣞࢵࢧ࣮ࡢ㡯┠ࢆ౑⏝ࡋࡓࠋࢫࢺࣞࢵࢧ࣮ࡣࢫ
ࢺࣞࢫ஦ែࡢయ㦂ࡢ᭷↓࡜ࠊヱᙜ⪅ࡢࡘࡽࡉࡢ⛬ᗘࢆ  ẁ㝵࡛㉁ၥࡍࡿࠋࢫࢺࣞࢫ཯ᛂࡣࠊ
ᢚ࠺ࡘࠊ୙Ᏻࠊᛣࡾࠊ᝟⥴ⓗ཯ᛂࠊᘬࡁࡇࡶࡾࠊ㌟య⑂ປឤࠊ⮬ᚊ⚄⤒⣔ࡢஹ㐍ࡢ㸵ࡘ࡟ศ㢮ࡉࢀࠊᚓⅬྍ⬟⠊ᅖࡣྛ 㹼 Ⅼ㸦ィ  Ⅼ㸧࡛࠶ࡿࠋ
1(2)LYH)DFWRU,QYHQWRU\ 1(2)), 㹙㹛ࡣࠊ⡿ᅜᅜ❧⪁໬◊✲ᡤࡢ㛤Ⓨ࡟ࡼࡿࠊ1(2ָߏ҈સਬ਒ιϱνʖ‫ن‬གྷ ୊  ‫ת‬
3,5 ࡢ▷⦰∧࡛ࠊ ᅉᏊᛶ᱁⌮ㄽ࡟ᇶ࡙ࡃ㸳ࡘࡢୗ఩ᑻᗘ ⚄⤒⑕ഴྥࠊእྥᛶࠊ㛤ᨺᛶࠊㄔᐇᛶࠊ༠ㄪᛶ ࡀ࠶ࡾࠊィ  㡯┠࠿ࡽᵓᡂࡉࢀ࡚࠸ࡿࠋ᪥ᮏ∧ 1(2)), ࡶ࢜ࣜࢪࢼࣝྠ
ᵝࠊ༑ศ࡞ಙ㢗ᛶ࡜ጇᙜᛶࡀ☜ㄆࡉࢀ࡚࠸ࡿࠋᮏ◊✲࡛ࡣࠊ኱Ꮫ⏕⏝ࢆ౑⏝ࡋࡓࠋࡑࡢ௚ࡢ㡯┠࡜ࡋ࡚ࠊ㏻㝔ࠊฎ᪉⸆ࡢ᭹⏝ࠊ㣗஦ࠊ╧╀ࠊయ㔜ࡢኚ໬࡟ࡘ࠸࡚ࠊࡑࢀࡒࢀ
ࠕࡣ࠸ࠖࠕ࠸࠸࠼࡛ࠖᅇ⟅ࡍࡿ೺ᗣ࡟㛵ࡍࡿ㉁ၥ࡜ࠊ᭱㏆ឤࡌ࡚࠸ࡿࢫࢺࣞࢫ࡟ࡘ࠸࡚⮬⏤グ㏙ࡉࡏࡓࠋࡉࡽ࡟ࠊ௒ࡢẼᣢࡕࢆᕝᰗ࡛⾲⌧ࡋࠊ㉁ၥ⣬࡜ࡣู࡟࢙࢘ࣈ࡛ᥦฟࡉࡏࡓࠋ
೔⌮ⓗ㓄៖㸸㉁ၥ⚊ࡢᐇ᪋┠ⓗࠊࢹ࣮ࢱࢆ◊✲┠ⓗ࡛౑⏝ࡍࡿ㝿ࡢㄝ᫂ࠊࡑࡢሙྜࡢࣉࣛ࢖
ࣂࢩ࣮ࡢಖㆤࠊࢹ࣮ࢱࡢྲྀࡾᢅ࠸࡞࡝࡟ࡘ࠸࡚ࡢㄝ᫂᭩ࢆ㏦௜ࡋࠊ࢙࢘ࣈࢆ௓ࡋཱྀ࡚㢌࡛ࡶㄝ᫂ࡋࠊྠពࢆᚓࡓሙྜࡣ⨫ྡࡋࡓྠព᭩ࢆ㒑㏦࡛ᥦฟࡋ࡚ࡶࡽࡗࡓࠋ
࡞࠾ࠊẚ㍑᳨ウࡢࡓࡵ࡟⏝࠸ࡓ  ᖺධᏛ⏕ࡢࢹ࣮ࢱࡣࠊ ᖺ  ᭶୰᪪࡟ᤵᴗࡢ୍⎔࡜ࡋ࡚ᑐ㠃࡟ࡼࡾᐇ᪋ࡋࡓ 83, ࡜ 656 ࡛࠶ࡿࠋ㞟ᅋ࡛ᐇ᪋ࡋࠊࡑࡢሙ࡛ᅇ⟅⏝⣬ࢆᅇ཰ࡋࡓࠋᐇ᪋࡟ඛ❧ࡗ࡚ᩥ᭩࡜ཱྀ㢌࡛೔⌮ⓗ㓄៖࡟ࡘ࠸࡚ㄝ᫂ࡋࠊྠព᭩ࡢᥦฟࢆ౫㢗ࡋࡓࠋϬ㸬⤖ᯝ㸬83, ࡢ⤖ᯝ  ᖺ࡜  ᖺࡢ་Ꮫ㒊  ᖺ⏕ࡢ 83, ࡢ㡯┠ヱᙜᩘࡢᖹᆒ್ࡢ⤖ᯝࢆ⾲㸯࡟♧ࡋࡓࠋᏛᖺ඲య࡛ࡳࡿ࡜ࠊ㝜ᛶ㡯┠ࠊ㝧ᛶ㡯┠࡜ࡶ࡟  ᖺࡢᖹᆒ್ࡀᑡࡋ㧗ࡵࡔࡀࠊ᭷ពᕪࡣぢࡽࢀ࡞࠿ࡗࡓࠋᛶู࡜ධᏛᖺࡢ஧せᅉศᩓศᯒࡢ⤖ᯝࡣࠊᙉ㏕ഴྥ࣭⿕ᐖ㛵ಀᛕ៖ࡢ㡿ᇦ࡟ࠋ࠾࠸࡚ࠊᛶูࡢ୺ຠᯝ࡟᭷ពᕪࡀぢฟࡔࡉࢀࡓ㸦)   S 㸧⾲ 㸬83, ࡢྜィⅬ࡜ྛ㡿ᇦᚓⅬࡢᖹᆒ್㸦6'㸧ྜィⅬ 㝜ᛶ㡯┠㝧ᛶ㡯┠඲య㻺㻌㻩㻌㻝㻞㻣
㻥㻚㻠㻝 㻔㻤㻚㻟㻜㻕㻜㻚㻤㻟 㻔㻝㻚㻜㻞㻕

㻞㻜㻞㻜ᖺ
⏨ᏊᏛ⏕
㻺㻌㻩㻌㻣㻟
㻥㻚㻡㻥 㻔㻤㻚㻠㻜㻕㻜㻚㻣㻟 㻔㻜㻚㻥㻢㻕ዪᏊᏛ⏕㻺㻌㻩㻌㻡㻠
㻥㻚㻝㻣 㻔㻤㻚㻞㻠㻕㻜㻚㻥㻢 㻔㻝㻚㻜㻤㻕඲య㻺㻌㻩㻌㻝㻞㻞
㻤㻚㻥㻟 㻔㻣㻚㻢㻜㻕㻜㻚㻢㻡 㻔㻜㻚㻥㻞㻕

㻞㻜㻝㻢ᖺ
⏨ᏊᏛ⏕
㻺㻌㻩㻌㻣㻥
㻥㻚㻠㻣 㻔㻣㻚㻡㻣㻕㻜㻚㻢㻝 㻔㻜㻚㻥㻜㻕ዪᏊᏛ⏕㻺㻌㻩㻌㻠㻟
㻣㻚㻥㻡 㻔㻣㻚㻢㻟㻕㻜㻚㻣㻞 㻔㻜㻚㻥㻢㻕㡿ᇦู ⢭⚄㌟యⓗッ䛘ᢚ䛖䛴ഴྥᑐே୙Ᏻ䠄ຎ➼ឤ䠅ᙉ㏕ഴྥ䞉⿕ᐖ㛵ಀᛕ៖㻞㻚㻟㻜 㻔㻞㻚㻠㻤㻕㻟㻚㻡㻜 㻔㻟㻚㻣㻝㻕㻞㻚㻝㻜 㻔㻞㻚㻝㻜㻕㻝㻚㻡㻝 㻔㻝㻚㻢㻢㻕㻞㻚㻟㻜 㻔㻞㻚㻠㻣㻕㻟㻚㻠㻞 㻔㻟㻚㻡㻡㻕㻞㻚㻜㻟 㻔㻞㻚㻝㻡㻕㻝㻚㻤㻠 㻔㻝㻚㻤㻡㻕㻞㻚㻟㻜 㻔㻞㻚㻡㻞㻕㻟㻚㻡㻥 㻔㻟㻚㻥㻡㻕㻞㻚㻞㻜 㻔㻞㻚㻜㻠㻕㻝㻚㻜㻣 㻔㻝㻚㻞㻢㻕㻞㻚㻞㻜 㻔㻞㻚㻝㻠㻕㻟㻚㻡㻞 㻔㻟㻚㻞㻤㻕㻝㻚㻥㻟 㻔㻞㻚㻝㻥㻕㻝㻚㻟㻜 㻔㻝㻚㻢㻠㻕㻞㻚㻞㻡 㻔㻞㻚㻞㻞㻕㻟㻚㻣㻜 㻔㻟㻚㻠㻜㻕㻝㻚㻥㻣 㻔㻞㻚㻜㻝㻕㻝㻚㻡㻠 㻔㻝㻚㻣㻣㻕㻞㻚㻜㻥 㻔㻞㻚㻜㻝㻕㻟㻚㻝㻥 㻔㻟㻚㻜㻢㻕㻝㻚㻤㻠 㻔㻞㻚㻡㻞㻕㻜㻚㻤㻠 㻔㻝㻚㻞㻣㻕 ᅗ㸯ࡣࠊ ᖺ࡜  ᖺࡢ㝜ᛶ㡯┠  㡯┠ࡢྜィⅬࡢศᕸ๭ྜ㸦㸣㸧ࢆࠊࢢࣛࣇ࡟࠶
ࡽࢃࡋࡓࡶࡢ࡛࠶ࡿࠋⅬᩘࡢศᕸ࡟ධᏛᖺࡢ㐪࠸࡟ࡼࡿⴭࡋ࠸ᕪࡣぢࡽࢀ࡞࠿ࡗࡓࠋ83, ࡢ࢝ࢵࢺ࢜ࣇ࣏࢖ࣥࢺࡣ  Ⅼ௨ୖ࡜ࡉࢀ࡚࠸ࡿࡀࠊ ᖺࡣ  ྡࠊ ᖺࡣ  ྡࡀࡑࡢᇶ
‽ࢆ㉸࠼࡚࠸ࡓࠋ ᖺ࡟ࡁࢃࡵ࡚㧗ᚓⅬࡢ⪅ࡀ  ྡ࠸ࡿࡀࠊᇶ‽್ࢆ㉸࠼ࡓ⪅ࡢேᩘ࡟ࡣ኱ࡁ࡞ᕪࡣ࡞࠿ࡗࡓࠋ
 83, ࡢ㝜ᛶ㡯┠ࡢ࠺ࡕࠊ ᖺ࡟ࠕヱᙜࡍࡿࠖ࡜ᅇ⟅ࡉࢀࡓ๭ྜࡢከ࠿ࡗࡓ㡯┠㸦㸣௨ୖ㸧ࢆୖ఩࠿ࡽ㡰࡟⾲  ࡟♧ࡋࠊ ᖺ࡜ᑐ↷ࡉࡏࡓࠋᣲࡆࡽࢀࡓ  㡯┠ࡢ࢝ࢸࢦ࣮ࣜࡣࠊ
ᢚ࠺ࡘ࡟㛵ࡍࡿ㡯┠ࡀ㸳ࠊᑐே୙Ᏻ࡟㛵ࡍࡿ㡯┠ࡀ㸱ࠊ⢭⚄㌟యⓗッ࠼࡟㛵ࡍࡿ㡯┠࡜ᙉ㏕ഴྥ࡟㛵ࡍࡿ㡯┠ࡀྛ㸰࡛࠶ࡗࡓࠋ ᖺࡢୖ఩  㡯┠ࠕ࡞ࢇ࡜࡞ࡃ୙Ᏻ࡛࠶ࡿࠖ
ࠕࡸࡿẼࡀ࡛࡚ࡇ࡞࠸ࠖ
ࠕ≀஦࡟⮬ಙࡀᣢ࡚࡞࠸ࠖࡣࠊ࠸ࡎࢀࡶ  ᖺࡢヱᙜ⪅ࡢ๭ྜࢆ኱ࡁࡃୖᅇ
ࡗ࡚࠸ࡓࠋࠕグ᠈ຊࡀపୗࡋ࡚࠸ࡿࠖ
ࠕ᰿Ẽࡀ⥆࠿࡞࠸ࠖࡶ  ᖺධᏛ⪅࡟ッ࠼ࡀከ࠿ࡗࡓࠋ
੤֠ʀ౽ଞ αϫψՔͶ͕͜Ζҫָ෨৿೘ਫ਼͹ϟϱνϩϖϩηͳͨ͹ଲԢȮ஧஌᳨ᐃࡢ⤖ᯝࠊࠕ࡞ࢇ࡜࡞ࡃ୙Ᏻ࡛࠶ࡿࠖࡢ㡯┠࡟᭷ពᕪࡀㄆࡵࡽࢀࡓ㸦Ȯ  1 ࠋ  S 㸧 ʤˍʥ

೧



೧




















ᅗ 㸬ᖺ࡜  ᖺࡢ 83, 㝜ᛶ㡯┠ࡢᚓⅬศᕸ㸦㸣㸧⾲㸰 ヱᙜࡍࡿ࡜ᅇ⟅ࡋࡓ๭ྜࡢከ࠿ࡗࡓ㡯┠

๭ྜ䠄㻑䠅
㡯┠ྡ
㻞㻜㻞㻜ᖺ 㻞㻜㻝㻢ᖺ ᭷ពᕪ㻝 䛺䜣䛸䛺䛟୙Ᏻ䛷䛒䜛
㻡㻢㻚㻣
㻟㻢㻚㻝
㻖㻖
㻞 䜔䜛Ẽ䛜䛷䛶䛣䛺䛔
㻠㻜㻚㻞
㻟㻝㻚㻝
㼚㼟
㻟 ≀஦䛻⮬ಙ䛜ᣢ䛶䛺䛔
㻟㻣㻚㻤
㻞㻥㻚㻡
㼚㼟
㻠 㤳➽䜔⫪䛜䛣䜛
㻟㻡㻚㻠
㻟㻞㻚㻤
㼚㼟
㻡 ௚ே䛾ど⥺䛜Ẽ䛻䛺䜛
㻟㻝㻚㻡
㻟㻢㻚㻥
㼚㼟
㻢 グ᠈ຊ䛜పୗ䛧䛶䛔䜛
㻟㻜㻚㻣
㻞㻟㻚㻤
㼚㼟
㻣 ᰿Ẽ䛜⥆䛛䛺䛔
㻞㻥㻚㻥
㻞㻟㻚㻜
㼚㼟
㻤 Ỵ᩿ຊ䛜䛺䛔
㻞㻥㻚㻥
㻟㻞㻚㻜
㼚㼟
㻥 Ẽ⑂䜜䛩䜛
㻞㻤㻚㻟
㻟㻟㻚㻢
㼚㼟
㻝㻜 Ẽ䜢ᅇ䛧䛩䛞䜛
㻞㻣㻚㻢
㻞㻠㻚㻢
㼚㼟
㻝㻝 䜟䛡䜒䛺䛟౽⛎䜔ୗ⑩䜢䛧䜔䛩䛔 㻞㻡㻚㻞㻞㻥㻚㻡㼚㼟㻝㻞 䛟䜚㏉䛧䛯䛧䛛䜑䛺䛔䛸ⱞ䛧䛔
㻞㻡㻚㻞
㻝㻤㻚㻥
㼚㼟
㻖㻖㻌㼜 㻌㻨㻌㻚㻜㻜㻝㡰఩㸰㸬656㸫 ࡢ⤖ᯝ
 656 ࡢᚓⅬࡢ඲య࠾ࡼࡧ⏨ዪูࡢ⤖ᯝࢆࠊ⾲㸱࡟♧ࡋࡓࠋ࠸ࡎࢀࡶ  ᖺࡢ᪉ࡀࢫࢺ
ࣞࢫ཯ᛂࡢᚓⅬࡀ㧗࠿ࡗࡓࠋධᏛᖺ࡜ᛶูࡢ஧せᅉศᩓศᯒࡢ⤖ᯝࠊୗ఩ᑻᗘࡢࠕ୙ᶵ᎘࣭
ᛣࡾࠖ࡟ධᏛᖺࡢ୺ຠᯝࡀぢ࠸ࡔࡉࢀࠊ ᖺᗘࡢᏛ⏕ࡣ୙ᶵ᎘࣭ᛣࡾࡢࢫࢺࣞࢫ཯ᛂࡀ
᭷ព࡟ప࠸ࡇ࡜ࡀ᫂ࡽ࠿࡟࡞ࡗࡓ㸦)   S 㸧ࠋָߏ҈સਬ਒ιϱνʖ‫ن‬གྷ ୊  ‫ת‬ࡲࡓࠊ ᖺࡢᏛ⏕ࡢ඲య࠾ࡼࡧୗ఩ᑻᗘࡢᚓⅬࡢࠕᙅ࠸ࠖ࠿ࡽࠕ㧗࠸ࠖࡲ࡛ࡢ  ẁ㝵࡛ࡢ๭ྜࢆ⾲ࡋࡓ⤖ᯝࢆᅗ  ࠿ࡽᅗ  ࡟♧ࡋࡓࠋࠕ↓Ẽຊࠖࡢࠕࡸࡸ㧗࠸ࠖ࡜ࠕ㧗࠸ࠖࢆྜࢃࡏࡿ࡜ 㸣ࡀヱᙜࡋࠊୗ఩ᑻᗘࡢ୰࡛᭱ࡶከ࠿ࡗࡓࠋ
ࠕᢚ࠺ࡘ࣭୙Ᏻࠖ࡜ࠕ୙ᶵ᎘࣭
ᛣࡾࠖࡣ 㸣ࡀࠕࡸࡸ㧗࠸ࠖ௨ୖ࡟ヱᙜࡋࡓࠋ ⾲㸱 656 ࡢ඲య࠾ࡼࡧ⏨ዪูࡢ  ᖺ࡜  ᖺࡢ⤖ᯝᢚ䛖䛴䞉୙Ᏻ
୙ᶵ᎘䞉ᛣ䜚↓Ẽຊྜィ඲య㻺㻌㻩㻌㻝㻞㻣
㻠㻡㻚㻞㻤 㻔㻢㻚㻥㻡㻕㻠㻞㻚㻣㻜 㻔㻢㻚㻞㻥㻕㻠㻤㻚㻡㻜 㻔㻤㻚㻠㻠㻕㻠㻠㻚㻥㻝 㻔㻢㻚㻤㻤㻕

㻞㻜㻞㻜ᖺ
⏨ᏊᏛ⏕
㻺㻌㻩㻌㻣㻟
㻠㻢㻚㻞㻢 㻔㻣㻚㻞㻣㻕㻠㻞㻚㻢㻞 㻔㻢㻚㻤㻣㻕㻠㻤㻚㻟㻤 㻔㻣㻚㻞㻣㻕㻠㻡㻚㻝㻡 㻔㻣㻚㻜㻜㻕ዪᏊᏛ⏕㻺㻌㻩㻌㻡㻠
㻠㻟㻚㻥㻢 㻔㻢㻚㻟㻞㻕㻠㻞㻚㻤㻝 㻔㻡㻚㻠㻢㻕㻠㻤㻚㻢㻣 㻔㻥㻚㻤㻤㻕㻠㻠㻚㻡㻥 㻔㻢㻚㻣㻢㻕඲య㻺㻌㻩㻌㻝㻞㻞
㻠㻣㻚㻜㻜 㻔㻣㻚㻥㻜㻕㻠㻡㻚㻤㻜 㻔㻣㻚㻠㻥㻕㻠㻥㻚㻥㻣 㻔㻤㻚㻝㻜㻕㻠㻣㻚㻞㻟 㻔㻣㻚㻟㻢㻕

㻞㻜㻝㻢ᖺ
⏨ᏊᏛ⏕
㻺㻌㻩㻌㻣㻥
㻠㻣㻚㻤㻜 㻔㻤㻚㻝㻟㻕㻠㻢㻚㻞㻣 㻔㻣㻚㻥㻤㻕㻠㻥㻚㻤㻝 㻔㻣㻚㻥㻣㻕㻠㻣㻚㻢㻞 㻔㻣㻚㻣㻜㻕ዪᏊᏛ⏕㻺㻌㻩㻌㻠㻟
㻠㻡㻚㻡㻟 㻔㻣㻚㻟㻡㻕㻠㻠㻚㻥㻟 㻔㻢㻚㻠㻥㻕㻡㻜㻚㻞㻢 㻔㻤㻚㻠㻞㻕㻠㻢㻚㻡㻝 㻔㻢㻚㻣㻝㻕 ᅗ 㸫 656 ࡢศᕸ㸦ᢚ࠺ࡘ࣭୙Ᏻ㸧    ᅗ 㸫 656ࡢศᕸ㸦୙ᶵ᎘࣭ᛣࡾ㸧ᅗ 㸫 656ࡢศᕸ㸦↓Ẽຊ㸧   ᅗ 㸫 656 ࡢศᕸ㸦඲య㸧
㸱㸬6656 ࡢ⤖ᯝ੤֠ʀ౽ଞ αϫψՔͶ͕͜Ζҫָ෨৿೘ਫ਼͹ϟϱνϩϖϩηͳͨ͹ଲԢ ᑿ㛵ࡽࡢ 6656 ࡢࢫࢺࣞࢫ཯ᛂᑻᗘࡢᚓⅬࡢศᕸ๭ྜ㸦㸣㸧ࢆᅗ  ࡟♧ࡋࡓࠋ6656 ࡢࢫࢺࣞࢫ཯ᛂᑻᗘ࡛ࡣࠊྜィᚓⅬ  Ⅼ௨ୖࡀ኱Ꮫ⏕ࢧࣥࣉࣝࡢୖ఩ 㸣࡟ྵࡲࢀࡿ࡜ࡉࢀ࡚࠸
ࡿ㹙㹛ࠋᮏࢧࣥࣉ࡛ࣝࡣ  Ⅼ௨ୖࡀ  ྡࠊ඲యࡢ 㸣ࡀヱᙜࡋࡓࠋ Ⅼ௨ୗࡢ⪅ࡀ༙ᩘ௨ୖࡢ 㸣ࢆ༨ࡵ࡚࠾ࡾࠊ Ⅼ௨ୖࡢ  ྡࢆ㝖࠸࡚ࡣࠊᑐ㇟⪅࡟ࢫࢺࣞࢫ཯ᛂࡀᙉࡃฟ࡚
࠸ࡿ඙ೃࡣ࡞࠿ࡗࡓࠋᅗ  ࡟ୗ఩ᑻᗘࡈ࡜ࡢᖹᆒᚓⅬࡢࢢࣛࣇࢆ♧ࡋࡓࠋ୙Ᏻࠊ㌟య⑂ປ
ឤࠊ᝟⥴ⓗ཯ᛂࠊᢚ࠺ࡘࠊᛣࡾࠊᘬࡁࡇࡶࡾࠊ⮬ᚊ⚄⤒⣔ࡢஹ㐍ࡢ㡰࡟཯ᛂࡀከ࠿ࡗࡓࠋ
 ʤˍʥ
 



 



 

 





ᅗ  6656 ࡢࢫࢺࣞࢫ཯ᛂࡢྜィᚓⅬࡢศᕸ

ʤ఼ʥ
3
2.5
2
1.5
1
0.5
0

 ᅗ  6656 ࡢࢫࢺࣞࢫ཯ᛂࡢୗ఩ᑻᗘࡢᖹᆒᚓⅬ
6656 ࡢࢫࢺࣞࢵࢧ࣮ᑻᗘࡢ⤖ᯝࢆࠕ⤒㦂ࡋࡓࠖ๭ྜ࡜ࠊ⤒㦂ࡋࡓ⪅ࡢ࠺ࡕࠊࠕ㠀ᖖ࡟ࡘࡽ
࠿ࡗࡓࠖࡲࡓࡣࠕࡘࡽ࠿ࡗࡓࠖ࡜ᅇ⟅ࡋࡓ⪅ࡢ๭ྜࢆ♧ࡋࡓࡢࡀ⾲  ࡛࠶ࡿࠋ㐲㝸ᤵᴗ࡜⮬ָߏ҈સਬ਒ιϱνʖ‫ن‬གྷ ୊  ‫ת‬⢔⏕άࢆ཯ᫎࡋ࡚࠿ࠊࠕㄢ㢟ࡸヨ㦂ࡀ኱ኚ࡞ᤵᴗࢆཷࡅࡿࡼ࠺࡟࡞ࡗࡓࠖ࡜ࠕ୍ே࡛㐣ࡈࡍ᫬㛫ࡀቑ࠼ࡓࠖࡀ㸯ࠊ㸰఩ࢆ༨ࡵࡓࠋ
ࠕ୍ே࡛㐣ࡈࡍ᫬㛫ࡀቑ࠼ࡓࠖ࡟ࡘ࠸࡚ࡣࠊ⣙༙ᩘࡀࠕࡘࡽ࠸ࠖ࡜ឤࡌ࡚࠸ࡓࠋࡲࡓࠊ
ࠕᬤࢆࡶ࡚࠶ࡲࡋࡓࠖࡣ 㸣࠶ࡾࠊྠᵝ࡟༙ᩘ⛬ᗘࡀࡑࡢࡇ࡜ࢆⱞ③࡟ឤࡌ࡚࠸ࡓࠋ୍ே࡛㐣ࡈࡍ᫬㛫ࡢቑຍ࡟ࡼࡗ࡚ࠊ
ࠕᑗ᮶ࡢ⫋ᴗ࡟ࡘ࠸࡚⪃࠼ࡿࡼ࠺࡟࡞ࡗࡓࠖ
㸦㸣㸧
ࠊࠕ⮬ศࡢ⬟ຊ࣭㐺ᛶ࡟ࡘ࠸࡚⪃࠼ࡿࡼ࠺࡟࡞ࡗࡓࠖ
㸦㸣㸧ࠊࠕ⌧ᅾᡤᒓࡋ࡚࠸ࡿᏛᰯ࡟ࡘ࠸࡚⪃࠼ࡿࡼ࠺࡟࡞ࡗࡓࠖ
㸦㸣㸧ேࡶከ࠿ࡗࡓࠋࡇࡢ  㡯┠࡟ࠕヱᙜࡍࡿࠖ࡜ᅇ⟅ࡋࡓ⪅ࡢ࠺ࡕࠊࡑࢀࡀࠕࡘࡽ࠿ࡗࡓࠖ࡜ᅇ⟅ࡋࡓ๭ྜࡣ 㸣࠿ࡽ 㸣⛬ᗘ࡛㧗ࡃࡣ࡞࠿ࡗࡓࠋ୍᪉ࠊ
ࠕ୍⥴࡟ᴦࡋࡵࡿ཭ேࡀῶࡗࡓࠖ࡟ヱᙜࡍࡿ࡜ᅇ⟅ࡋࡓ⪅ࡣ㸣࡜ከࡃࡣ࡞࠿ࡗࡓࡀࠊࡑࡢ࠺ࡕ 㸣ࡀࡑࢀࢆࠕࡘࡽ࠸ࠖ࡜ឤࡌ࡚࠸ࡓࠋ
⾲  6656 ࢫࢺࣞࢵࢧ࣮ᑻᗘ࡟ࡼࡿ⤒㦂ࡋࡓ๭ྜ࡜ࡑࢀࡀࡘࡽ࠿ࡗࡓ๭ྜ
㡰
఩

㡯┠ྡ

㻝 ㄢ㢟䜔ヨ㦂䛜኱ኚ䛺ᤵᴗ䜢ཷ䛡䜛䜘䛖䛻䛺䛳䛯㻞 ୍ே䛷㐣䛤䛩᫬㛫䛜ቑ䛘䛯㻟 ᑗ᮶䛾⫋ᴗ䛻䛴䛔䛶⪃䛘䜛䜘䛖䛻䛺䛳䛯㻠 ⮬ศ䛾⬟ຊ䞉㐺ᛶ䛻䛴䛔䛶⪃䛘䜛䜘䛖䛻䛺䛳䛯㻡 ⌧ᅾᡤᒓ䛧䛶䛔䜛Ꮫᰯ䛻䛴䛔䛶⪃䛘䜛䜘䛖䛻䛺䛳䛯㻢 ⏕ά䛜୙つ๎䛻䛺䛳䛯㻣 ᬤ䜢ᣢ䛶䛒䜎䛧䛯㻤 ⮬ศ䛾ຮᙉ䚸ヨ㦂䚸༞ᴗ䛺䛹䛜䛖䜎䛟䛔䛛䛺䛔㻥 ⏕άୖ䛾௙஦䠄Ὑ℆䚸⅕஦䛺䛹䠅䛜ቑ䛘䛯㻝㻜 ⮬ศ䛾ᐜጼ䛜Ẽ䛻䛺䜛䜘䛖䛻䛺䛳䛯㻝㻝 ⮬ศ䛾ᛶ᱁䛻䛴䛔䛶⪃䛘䜛䜘䛖䛻䛺䛳䛯㻝㻞 ⯆࿡䛾ᣢ䛶䛺䛔ᤵᴗ䜢ཷ䛡䜛䜘䛖䛻䛺䛳䛯㻝㻟 ཭ே䜔ඛ㍮䛸䛾䛴䛝ྜ䛔㻝㻠 䜽䝷䝤䜔䝃䞊䜽䝹䛾άືෆᐜ䛻䛴䛔䛶⪃䛘䜛䜘䛖䛻䛺䛳䛯㻝㻡 య㔜䛜ቑ䛘䛯㻝㻢 䛔䛳䛧䜗䛻ᴦ䛧䜑䜛཭ே䛜ῶ䛳䛯㻝㻣 య䛾ㄪᏊ䛜ኚ໬䛧䛯䠄⑓Ẽ䜔䛡䛜䜒ྵ䜐䠅㻝㻤 ᐙ᪘䛸㐣䛤䛩᫬㛫䛜ῶ䛳䛯㻝㻥 ⏕ά⩦័䠄ゝⴥ䜔䝬䝘䞊䠅䛾㐪䛔䛻䛸䜎䛹䛳䛯㻞㻜 ࿘䜚䛾ே䛛䜙㐣ᗘ䛻ᮇᚅ䛥䜜䛯㻞㻝 ᐙ᪘䛾ㄡ䛛䛸㆟ㄽ䚸୙࿴䚸ᑐ❧䛜䛒䛳䛯㻞㻞 ௰㛫䛾ヰ㢟䛻䛴䛔䛶䛔䛡䛺䛛䛳䛯㻞㻟 ⌧ᅾᑓᨷ䛧䛶䛔䜛Ꮫၥศ㔝䛻ᑐ䛩䜛⯆࿡䛜ኻ䛫䛯㻞㻠 ⮬ศ䛾⤒῭≧ែ䠄⏕ά㈝䚸஺㝿㈝䛺䛹䠅䛜ᝏ䛟䛺䛳䛯㻞㻡 ᐙ᪘䛾⤒῭≧ែ䛜ᝏ䛟䛺䛳䛯㻞㻢 ␗ᛶ㛵ಀ䛜䛖䜎䛟䛔䛛䛺䛔䠄ᜊே䛜䛷䛝䛺䛔䚸ู䜜䜒ྵ䜐䠅㻞㻣 ㏻Ꮫ୰䛾ᮅኤ䛾䝷䝑䝅䝳㻞㻤 㞄㏆ᡤ䛜㦁䛜䛧䛟䛺䛳䛯㻞㻥 ᐙ᪘䜎䛯䛿ぶ䛧䛔ぶᡉ䛾ㄡ䛛䛜⑓Ẽ䜔䛡䛜䜢䛧䛯㻟㻜 ༢఩䜢ⴠ䛸䛩䚸␃ᖺ䛩䜛䛺䛹Ꮫၥୖ䛾஦䛷ኻᩋ䛧䛯㻟㻝 ཭ே䛾ᝎ䜏䜔䝖䝷䝤䝹䛻䛛䛛䜟䛳䛯㻟㻞 ཭ே䜔௰㛫䛛䜙ᢈุ䛥䜜䛯䜚ㄗゎ䛥䜜䛯㻟㻟 䜰䝹䝞䜲䝖ඛ䛷䝖䝷䝤䝹䜢㉳䛣䛧䛯㻟㻠 䜽䝷䝤䜔䝃䞊䜽䝹䛾άື䛷᮰⦡䛥䜜䜛᫬㛫䛜ቑ䛘䛯㻟㻡 ᑅ⏕ά䛷つ๎䛻䜘䜛᮰⦡䜔䝥䝷䜲䝞䝅䞊䛾౵ᐖ䜢ཷ䛡䛯



䠄䠂䠅
⤒㦂 䛴䜙䛔
㻥㻢㻚㻥 㻤㻞㻚㻥㻤㻣㻚㻠 㻡㻜㻚㻡㻤㻝㻚㻥 㻝㻤㻚㻟㻤㻜㻚㻟 㻟㻤㻚㻞㻣㻣㻚㻞 㻞㻜㻚㻠㻣㻠㻚㻜 㻠㻢㻚㻤㻣㻠㻚㻜 㻡㻞㻚㻝㻢㻢㻚㻝 㻤㻝㻚㻜㻢㻠㻚㻢 㻠㻢㻚㻟㻢㻞㻚㻞 㻢㻞㻚㻜㻢㻜㻚㻢 㻠㻡㻚㻡㻡㻣㻚㻡 㻠㻟㻚㻤㻡㻢㻚㻣 㻝㻡㻚㻟㻠㻠㻚㻝 㻝㻜㻚㻣㻠㻝㻚㻣 㻡㻤㻚㻡㻟㻢㻚㻞 㻤㻣㻚㻜㻟㻡㻚㻠 㻡㻟㻚㻟㻟㻝㻚㻡 㻡㻜㻚㻜㻟㻝㻚㻡 㻟㻡㻚㻜㻞㻥㻚㻝 㻡㻢㻚㻤㻞㻣㻚㻢 㻢㻡㻚㻣㻞㻢㻚㻜 㻠㻤㻚㻡㻞㻞㻚㻤 㻟㻠㻚㻡㻞㻞㻚㻜 㻢㻠㻚㻟㻞㻞㻚㻜 㻡㻣㻚㻝㻞㻝㻚㻟 㻠㻠㻚㻠㻝㻤㻚㻥 㻡㻠㻚㻞㻝㻣㻚㻟 㻢㻟㻚㻢㻝㻡㻚㻣 㻣㻜㻚㻜㻤㻚㻣 㻡㻠㻚㻡㻤㻚㻣 㻠㻡㻚㻡㻡㻚㻡 㻞㻤㻚㻢㻟㻚㻥 㻠㻜㻚㻜
㻜㻚㻜
㻜㻚㻜
㻜㻚㻜
㻜㻚㻜 

੤֠ʀ౽ଞ αϫψՔͶ͕͜Ζҫָ෨৿೘ਫ਼͹ϟϱνϩϖϩηͳͨ͹ଲԢ㸲㸬ࡑࡢ௚ࡢ㉁ၥࡢ⤖ᯝ࠾ࡼࡧᕝᰗ
 ࠕ᭱㏆ឤࡌ࡚࠸ࡿࢫࢺࣞࢫࠖ࡟ࡘ࠸࡚⮬⏤ᅇ⟅ࡋ࡚ࡶࡽࡗࡓෆᐜࢆศ㢮ࡋࠊ⾲  ࡟♧ࡋࡓࠋࢥࣟࢼ࢘࢕ࣝࢫ࡟㛵㐃ࡋࡓࡇ࡜ࢆグ㏙ࡋࡓ⪅ࡀ᭱ࡶከࡃࠊ㸣࠾ࡾࠊḟ࠸࡛Ꮫᴗ࡟㛵ࡍࡿࡇ࡜ࡀ 㸣࡛࠶ࡗࡓࠋࡑࢀ௨እ࡟ࡣᐙ᪘ࢆྵࡴே㛫㛵ಀࡀ 㸣ࠊ ᭶࠿ࡽࡢ⏕ά⎔ቃ࡟㛵ࡍࡿࡇ࡜ 㸣࡜⥆ࡁࠊ㌟య࡟㛵ࡍࡿࡇ࡜ࢆ࠶ࡆࡓ⪅ࡶ 㸣࠸ࡓࠋࢥࣟࢼ࡟㛵㐃ࡋࡓࢫࢺࣞࢫࢆ࠶ࡆࡓ 㸣ࡢ࠺ࡕ⣙ 㸣ࡀእฟ⮬⢔ࡢࡇ࡜࡟ゝཬࡋ࡚࠾ࡾࠊࢥࣟࢼ࢘࢕
ࣝࢫࡑࡢࡶࡢ࡟ᑐࡍࡿᜍᛧࡸ୙Ᏻࡼࡾࡶࡴࡋࢁࠊ⏕άࡢ୙⮬⏤ࡉࡀ┤᥋ⓗ࡞ࢫࢺࣞࢵࢧ࣮
࡟࡞ࡗ࡚࠸ࡿࡼ࠺࡛࠶ࡗࡓࠋ೺ᗣ࡟㛵ࡍࡿ㸳ࡘࡢ㉁ၥࡢᅇ⟅⤖ᯝࡣ⾲  ࡢ㏻ࡾ࡛࠶ࡗࡓࠋᐷ
ࡘࡁࡀᝏ࠸࡞࡝╧╀㞀ᐖࢆッ࠼࡚࠸ࡿ⪅ࡀ 㸣㏆ࡃ࠸ࡿࡇ࡜ࡀศ࠿ࡗࡓࠋ⮬⢔⏕ά࡟ࡼࡿ⏕άࣜࢬ࣒ࡢ஘ࢀࡸࠊࣃࢯࢥࣥࢆከ⏝ࡍࡿᤵᴗࡢᙳ㡪ࢆཷࡅ࡚࠸ࡿྍ⬟ᛶࡀ⪃࠼ࡽࢀࡿࠋ⾲㸳 ࢫࢺࣞࢫ࡟㛵ࡍࡿ⮬⏤ᅇ⟅ࡢศ㢮  ⾲㸴 ೺ᗣ࡟㛵ࡍࡿ㉁ၥࡢヱᙜ⪅๭ྜෆᐜ㻯㻻㼂㻵㻰㻙㻝㻥
Ꮫᴗ
⏕ά⎔ቃ
ே㛫㛵ಀ
㌟య
䛭䛾௚
㻌

䠂
㻞㻣㻚㻢
㻞㻢㻚㻤
㻝㻢㻚㻡
㻝㻡㻚㻜
㻣㻚㻥
㻢㻚㻟
㻔㼚㻩㻝㻞㻣㻕

ෆᐜ
㏻㝔᭷
᭹⸆᭷
㣗ḧኚ໬
╧╀㞀ᐖ
య㔜ኚ໬

䠂
㻥㻚㻡
㻝㻢㻚㻡
㻝㻝㻚㻜
㻞㻥㻚㻥
㻝㻞㻚㻢
㻔㼚㻩㻝㻞㻣㻕  ⌧ᅾࡢᚰቃࢆ⾲⌧ࡍࡿࡓࡵᏛ⏕࡟సᡂࡉࡏࡓᕝᰗࢆࠊࡑࡢෆᐜ࡟ࡼࡗ࡚ศ㢮ࡋࡓ࡜ࡇࢁࠊ
ࡇࡇ࡛ࡶᤵᴗ࣭Ꮫ⏕⏕ά࡟ࡘ࠸࡚㸦㸣㸧࡜ࠊࢥࣟࢼ࣭⮬⢔⏕ά࡟ࡘ࠸࡚㸦㸣㸧ࡀ኱༙ࢆ༨ࡵࠊࡑࢀ௨እࡣ 㸣ࡢࡳ࡛࠶ࡗࡓࠋᤵᴗ࣭Ꮫ⏕⏕ά࡟ࡘ࠸࡚ࡢ࠺ࡕࠊ㐲㝸ᤵᴗ࡟㛵㐃ࡋࡓࡶࡢࡀ 㸣ࠋᕝᰗࡢసᡂ᫬ᮇࡀᑐ㠃ᤵᴗࡢ୍㒊෌㛤ࡀ㏻▱ࡉࢀࡓ┤ᚋ࡛࠶ࡗࡓࡓࡵ
࠿ࠊᑐ㠃ᤵᴗ࡟ᑐࡍࡿᮇᚅࡸ୙Ᏻ࡟㛵㐃ࡋࡓෆᐜࡢࡶࡢࡀ 㸣࡜⣙༙ᩘࡎࡘ࡛࠶ࡗࡓࠋ
⮬⢔⏕ά࡟ࡘ࠸࡚ࡣ࣏ࢪࢸ࢕ࣈ࡞ෆᐜࡢࡶࡢࡀ 㸣ࠊࢿ࢞ࢸ࢕ࣈ࡞ෆᐜࡢࡶࡢࡀ 㸣࠶ࡾࠊࢿ࢞ࢸ࢕ࣈ࡞ෆᐜࡤ࠿ࡾ࡛ࡣ࡞࠿ࡗࡓࠋࡑࡢ௚࡟ศ㢮ࡉࢀࡓࡢࡣᚰ㇟㢼ᬒࢆ⾲⌧ࡋࡓෆᐜࡢࡶࡢ࡛࠶ࡗࡓࠋศ㢮ࡋࡓᕝᰗࡣ࢔࣌ࣥࢹ࢕ࢡࢫ $ ࡟ᥦ♧ࡋࡓࠋ㝸ᤵᴗࡶ⮬⢔⏕άࡶࠊࡑࢀࡀࢫࢺࣞࢫࡢཎᅉ࡜࡞ࡗࡓࡾ↓Ẽຊ࡟࡞ࡗ࡚࠸ࡿ⪅ࡀ࠸ࡿ୍᪉࡛ࠊ࣏ࢪࢸ࢕ࣈ࡟࡜ࡽ
࠼࡚✚ᴟⓗ࡟㊃࿡ࡸ࡛ࡁࡿάື࡟ᡴࡕ㎸ࢇ࡛࠸ࡿ⪅ࡶ࠸ࡿࡇ࡜ࡀࢃ࠿ࡿࠋᑐ㠃ᤵᴗ෌㛤ࡀỴࡲࡗࡓࡇ࡜࡟ᑐࡋ࡚ࡶࠊᮇᚅ࡜୙Ᏻࡢ୧᪉ࡀ⾲⌧ࡉࢀ࡚࠸ࡓࠋᕝᰗ࡟⾲⌧ࡉࢀࡓෆᐜࡣࠊ
6656 ࡢ⤖ᯝ࡜ࡶ࡯ࡰᑐᛂࡋ࡚࠾ࡾࠊྠࡌࡼ࠺࡞⤒㦂ࢆࡋ࡚ࡶࠊࡑࢀࡀࢫࢺࣞࢫ࡟࡞ࡗ࡚࠸
ࡿ⪅࡜ࡑ࠺࡛࡞࠸⪅ࡀ࠾ࡾࠊཷࡅṆࡵ᪉࡟ಶேᕪࡀ࠶ࡗࡓࠋ
㸳㸬ࢡࣟࢫ㞟ィࡢ⤖ᯝ 1(2)), ࡛ ᐃࡉࢀࡓ㸳ࡘࡢᛶ᱁≉ᛶ࡜ 83,ࠊ࠾ࡼࡧ 656 ࡢ┦㛵ࢆࡑࢀࡒࢀ⾲㸵࡜⾲㸶࡟♧ࡋࡓࠋ⾲㸵ࡼࡾࠊ)), ࡢ⚄⤒⑕ഴྥ㸦1㸧࡜ 83, ࡢ㝜ᛶ㡯┠ࡢྜィⅬ࠾ࡼࡧୗ఩࢝ࢸ
ࢦ࣮ࣜࡢᚓⅬ࡟᭷ព࡞ṇࡢ┦㛵ࡀࠊእྥᛶ㸦(㸧࡜ 83, ࡢ㝜ᛶ㡯┠ࡢྜィⅬ࠾ࡼࡧࠊᙉ㏕ഴྥ࣭⿕ᐖ㛵ಀᛕ៖௨እࡢୗ఩࢝ࢸࢦ࣮ࣜ࡟㈇ࡢ┦㛵ࡀ࠶ࡿࡇ࡜ࡀࢃ࠿ࡗࡓࠋࡲࡓࠊ83, ࡢᢚ࠺ࡘഴྥ࡜ㄪ࿴ᛶ㸦$㸧࡜ㄔᐇᛶ㸦&㸧࡟ࡣ᭷ព࡞㈇ࡢ┦㛵ࡀぢ࠸ࡔࡉࢀࡓࠋָߏ҈સਬ਒ιϱνʖ‫ن‬གྷ ୊  ‫ת‬⾲㸵 1(2)), ࡢ㸳ࡘࡢᛶ᱁≉ᛶ࡜ 83, ࡜ࡢ㛵㐃
㻺

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㻙

㻭

㻙㻚㻝㻣㻣㻖

㻜㻚㻜㻟㻞

㻙

㻯

㻙㻚㻟㻞㻠㻖㻖

㻚㻟㻤㻟㻖㻖
㻜㻚㻝㻞㻤

㻜㻚㻝㻜㻣

㼁㻼㻵㝧ᛶ㡯┠

㻙㻚㻞㻟㻥

㻖㻖

㻜㻚㻜㻣㻢

㻚㻝㻥㻡㻖
㻜㻚㻝㻡㻣

㼁㻼㻵㝜ᛶ㡯┠

㻚㻠㻣㻥

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㻜㻚㻝㻣㻟

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㻙㻚㻟㻟㻠

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⢭⚄㌟యⓗッ䛘

㻚㻞㻡㻡

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㻜㻚㻝㻡㻟

ᢚ䛖䛴ഴྥ

㻚㻡㻜㻢㻖㻖

㻙㻚㻟㻢㻟㻖㻖

㻜㻚㻜㻥㻟㻙㻚㻞㻣㻢㻖㻖

ᑐே୙Ᏻ䠄ຎ➼ឤ䠅

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㻙㻚㻞㻤㻞
㻙㻜㻚㻝㻝㻥

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㻜㻚㻝㻝㻣

㻙㻚㻞㻝㻟
㻙㻜㻚㻝㻠㻥

㻖㻖ᙉ㏕ഴྥ䞉⿕ᐖ㛵ಀᛕ៖

㻚㻟㻣㻝

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㻚㻞㻤㻞

㼁㻼㻵㝧ᛶ 㼁㻼㻵㝜ᛶ ⢭⚄㌟యⓗᑐே୙Ᏻ ᙉ㏕ഴྥ䞉
ᢚ䛖䛴ഴྥ
㡯┠
㡯┠
ッ䛘
䠄ຎ➼ឤ䠅 ⿕ᐖ㛵ಀᛕ៖

㻯

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㻙

㻚㻞㻝㻟
㻙㻜㻚㻝㻡㻤

㻙㻚㻞㻟㻜㻙㻜㻚㻜㻜㻢

㻙㻚㻞㻜㻢㻙㻚㻞㻤㻥㻖㻖
㻙㻜㻚㻜㻤㻜
㻙㻜㻚㻜㻟㻢

㻖㻖

㻙

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㻚㻣㻢㻟

㻙

㻙㻚㻞㻡㻥㻖㻖
㻙㻜㻚㻝㻞㻥

㻚㻥㻝㻜㻖㻖

㻚㻡㻡㻟㻖㻖

㻙㻜㻚㻜㻥㻣

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㻚㻤㻠㻢

㻙

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㻚㻣㻝㻣

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㻚㻠㻥㻞

㻚㻣㻡㻤

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㻚㻠㻢㻟

㻙
㻖㻖

㻙
㻚㻢㻟㻞
㻖㻖㻌㼜 㻌㻨㻌㻚㻜㻜㻝䚷䚷㻖㻌㼜 㻌㻨㻌㻚㻜㻡⾲㸶 1(2)), ࡢ㸳ࡘࡢᛶ᱁≉ᛶ࡜ 656 ࡜ࡢ㛵㐃
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㻯

㻙㻚㻟㻞㻠

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㻜㻚㻜㻝㻢

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ᢚ䛖䛴䞉୙Ᏻ
୙ᶵ᎘䞉ᛣ䜚
↓ẼຊྜィᚓⅬᢚ䛖䛴䞉 ୙ᶵ᎘䞉
୙Ᏻ
ᛣ䜚

㻯

↓Ẽຊ

ྜィᚓⅬ

㻙
㻜㻚㻜㻟㻞

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㻜㻚㻝㻜㻣

㻚㻝㻥㻡㻖

㻙㻚㻞㻞㻠

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㻜㻚㻝㻟㻡

㻙㻚㻞㻟㻟

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㻙㻜㻚㻜㻤㻢

㻙

㻙㻚㻞㻞㻢

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㻜㻚㻝㻞㻥

㻙㻚㻞㻡㻞

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㻙㻜㻚㻜㻢㻠

㻚㻢㻞㻡㻖㻖

㻙㻚㻞㻥㻜

㻖㻖

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㻚㻣㻝㻝

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㻙㻚㻟㻜㻤

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㻚㻟㻤㻟
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㻚㻣㻤㻠
㻚㻤㻢㻢
㻖㻖㻌㼜 㻌㻨㻌㻚㻜㻜㻝䚷䚷㻖㻌㼜 㻌㻨㻌㻚㻜㻡 ⾲㸶ࡼࡾࠊ⚄⤒⑕ഴྥ 1 ࡜ 656 ࡢྜィⅬ࠾ࡼࡧࡍ࡭࡚ࡢୗ఩ᑻᗘ࡜ࡢ㛫࡟᭷ព࡞ṇࡢ┦㛵ࡀࡳࡽࢀࡓࠋࡲࡓࠊㄪ࿴ᛶ㸦$㸧࡜ㄔᐇᛶ & ࡟࠾࠸࡚ࠊ656 ࡢྜィⅬ࠾ࡼࡧࡍ࡭࡚
ࡢୗ఩ᑻᗘ࡜ࡢ㛫࡟᭷ព࡞㈇ࡢ┦㛵ࡀぢ࠸ࡔࡉࢀࡓࠋ ⾲㸷࡟೺ᗣ࡟㛵ࡍࡿ㉁ၥ࡜ 83, ࡜ࡢ┦㛵ࢆ♧ࡋࡓࠋ⤖ᯝࡼࡾࠊ╧╀㞀ᐖ࡟㛵ࡍࡿ㉁ၥ࡟
ࠕヱᙜࡍࡿࠖ࡜⟅࠼ࡓ⪅࡜ 83, ࡢྜィⅬ࠾ࡼࡧࡍ࡭࡚ࡢୗ఩ᑻᗘ࡜ࡢ㛫࡟᭷ព࡞┦㛵ࡀぢ࠸ࡔࡉࢀࡓࠋࡲࡓࠊ㣗ḧ࡟ኚ໬ࡀ࠶ࡗࡓ࡟ࠕヱᙜࡍࡿࠖ࡜ᅇ⟅ࡋࡓ⪅࡜ࡢ㛫࡟ࡣࠊྜィⅬ࠾
ࡼࡧᙉ㏕ഴྥ࣭⿕ᐖ㛵ಀᛕ៖ࢆ㝖ࡃୗ఩ᑻᗘ࡜ࡢ㛫࡟᭷ព࡞┦㛵ࡀぢ࠸ࡔࡉࢀࡓࠋ ⾲㸷 ೺ᗣ࡟㛵ࡍࡿ㉁ၥ࡜ 83, ࡜ࡢ㛵㐃
㏻㝔

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㼁㻼㻵㝧ᛶ 㼁㻼㻵㝜ᛶ ⢭⚄㌟యⓗᑐே୙Ᏻ ᙉ㏕ഴྥ䞉
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㻙㻙㻖㻖㻌㼜 㻌㻨㻌㻚㻜㻜㻝䚷䚷㻖㻌㼜 㻌㻨㻌㻚㻜㻡




 

੤֠ʀ౽ଞ αϫψՔͶ͕͜Ζҫָ෨৿೘ਫ਼͹ϟϱνϩϖϩηͳͨ͹ଲԢϭ㸬⪃ᐹ ᮏ◊✲ࡢ⤖ᯝࡼࡾࠊ ᖺ࡟ $ ኱Ꮫ࡟ධᏛࡋࡓ་Ꮫ⏕ࡢ࣓ࣥࢱࣝ࣊ࣝࢫࡢ≧ែࡣࠊ
ᖺࡢධᏛ⏕࡜ẚ࡭࡚ᩘ್ࡢୖ࡛ࡣ኱ࡁ࡞㐪࠸ࡣ࡞ࡃࠊ඲య࡜ࡋ࡚ࡣⰋዲ࡞≧ែ࡟࠶ࡿࡇ࡜
ࡀศ࠿ࡗࡓࠋ83, ࡢ⤖ᯝࡼࡾࠊࢫࢡ࣮ࣜࢽࣥࢢ࡟࠿࠿ࡿࣞ࣋ࣝࡢᏛ⏕ᩘࡣ౛ᖺ࡜ኚࢃࡾࡣ࡞
࠿ࡗࡓࠋࡲࡓࠊ656 ࡟♧ࡉࢀࡓࢫࢺࣞࢫ཯ᛂࡢ⤖ᯝ࡟ࡘ࠸࡚ࡶࢺ࣮ࢱ࡛ࣝࠕࡸࡸ㧗࠸ࠖ௨ୖࡢ⪅ࡣ㸵㸣࡜ᑡᩘ࡛࠶ࡾࠊ ᖺ࡜኱ࡁ࡞ኚ໬ࡣ࡞࠿ࡗࡓࠋ
ࠕᢚ࠺ࡘ࣭୙Ᏻࠖࡢ཯ᛂࡀ
ฟ࡚࠸ࡿ⪅ࡣ 㸣࡟࡜࡝ࡲࡗ࡚࠾ࡾࠊࠕ୙ᶵ᎘࣭ᛣࡾࠖ཯ᛂࡀฟ࡚࠸ࡿ⪅ࡢ๭ྜࡣࠊ ᖺࡢධᏛ⏕ࡢ᪉ࡀ᭷ព࡟ᑡ࡞࠿ࡗࡓࠋࡓࡔࡋッ࠼ࡢෆᐜࢆ⢭ᰝࡍࡿ࡜ࠊ83, ࡛ࡣࠕ࡞ࢇ࡜࡞ࡃ
୙Ᏻ࡛࠶ࡿࠖࡀ  ᖺࡼࡾࡶ 㸣௨ୖ㧗ࡃࠊࡑࡢᕪࡣ᭷ព࡛࠶ࡗࡓࠋࡑࢀ௨እ࡟ࠕࡸࡿẼࡀฟ࡞࠸ࠖࠕ᰿Ẽࡀ⥆࠿࡞࠸ࠖ࡞࡝ࡢ⮬ぬ⑕≧ࡶ  ᖺࡼࡾከࡃぢࡽࢀࡓࠋ656 ࡢ⤖ᯝ࡛ࡶࠊ↓Ẽຊ཯ᛂࡀࠕࡸࡸ㧗࠸ࠖ௨ୖ࡟ヱᙜࡍࡿ⪅ࡀ 㸣࡟ࡢࡰࡗ࡚࠸ࡓࠋࡇࢀࡽࡢ⤖ᯝࡼࡾࠊ ᖺࡢධᏛ⪅ࡣࣃࣥࢹ࣑ࢵࢡ๓࡟ධᏛࡋࡓᏛ⏕࡜ẚ࡭࡚ࠊ┠❧ࡗࡓ㐪࠸ࡣᑡ࡞࠸
ࡶࡢࡢࠊ୙ᶵ᎘ࡸᛣࡾ࡜࠸ࡗࡓᙉ࠸ࢫࢺࣞࢫ཯ᛂ࡛ࡣ࡞ࡃࠊ₍↛࡜ࡋࡓ୙Ᏻឤࡸ↓Ẽຊឤ࡜ࡋ࡚⌧ࢀࡿࢫࢺࣞࢫ཯ᛂࡀ┦ᑐⓗ࡟㧗࠸࡜ࡳ࡞ࡍࡇ࡜ࡀ࡛ࡁࡿࡔࢁ࠺ࠋ ᖺࡢẚ㍑ࢹ࣮
ࢱࡀ࡞࠸ 6656 ࡢࢫࢺࣞࢫ཯ᛂᑻᗘࡢ⤖ᯝ࡟ࡘ࠸࡚ࡶࠊ඲య࡛ࡣᑡᩘࢆ㝖࠸࡚ᙉ࠸ࢫࢺࣞࢫ
཯ᛂࡣㄆࡵࡽࢀ࡞࠿ࡗࡓࡀࠊୗ఩ᑻᗘ࡛ぢࡿ࡜ᛣࡾࡸ⮬ᚊ⚄⤒ࡢஹ㐍ࡼࡾࡶ୙Ᏻ࡜⑂ປឤ
ࡀ┦ᑐⓗ࡟㧗ࡃฟ࡚࠸ࡓࠋ656࡛ࡣᢚ࠺ࡘ࡜୙Ᏻࡣྠࡌୗ఩ᑻᗘ࡟ྵࡲࢀ࡚࠸ࡿࡀࠊࡇ
ࢀࡽࡀ༊ูࡉࢀ࡚࠸ࡿ 6656 ࡛ࡣᢚ࠺ࡘࡼࡾࡶ୙Ᏻࡸ⑂ປឤࡀࡼࡾ㧗࠸ࡇ࡜ࡀࢃ࠿ࡿࠋࡲࡓ
656 ࡜ྠᵝࠊᛣࡾࡸ⮬ᚊ⚄⤒⣔ࡢஹ㐍࡜࠸ࡗࡓᙉ࠸཯ᛂࡣ࠶ࡲࡾぢࡽࢀ࡞࠿ࡗࡓࠋ
&29,' ୗ࡛ࡢᏛ⏕⏕άࡣࠊࠕ୙Ᏻࠖࡸࠕ↓Ẽຊࠖ࡜࠸ࡗࡓ཯ᛂࡀฟ⌧ࡋࡸࡍ࠸࡜࠸࠼ࡿࡔ
ࢁ࠺ࠋ  ᖺࡢධᏛ⪅࡜ẚ࡭࡚ࢫࢥ࢔ࡢୖ࡛ࡣ࣓ࣥࢱࣝ࣊ࣝࢫࡢ㢧ⴭ࡞ᝏ໬ࡣㄆࡵࡽࢀ࡞࠸࡜
ࡣ࠸࠼ࠊ&29,' ࡜ࡑࢀ࡟క࠺⏕άࡢኚ໬ࡀࢫࢺࣞࢵࢧ࣮࡜࡞ࡗ࡚࠸ࡿࡇ࡜ࡣࠊ6656 ࡢ⤖ᯝࡸ⮬⏤グ㏙࡟♧ࡉࢀࡓࠋ⮬⏤グ㏙࡛ࡣࠊ᭱ࡶከࡃࡢᏛ⏕ࡀࢫࢺࣞࢫ࡟ឤࡌ࡚࠸ࡿࡇ࡜࡜ࡋ
࡚ &29,' 㛵㐃ࡢࡇ࡜ࢆᣲࡆ࡚࠾ࡾࠊᏛᴗ࡟㛵ࡍࡿࡇ࡜ࡼࡾࡶ㢖ᗘࡀ㧗࠿ࡗࡓࠋྠᵝࡢ⤖ᯝࡣ 6656 ࡟ࡶ⌧ࢀ࡚࠾ࡾࠊ
ࠕㄢ㢟ࡸヨ㦂ࡀ኱ኚ࡞ᤵᴗࢆཷࡅࡿࡼ࠺࡟࡞ࡗࡓࠖ࡜ࠕࡦ࡜ࡾ࡛
㐣ࡈࡍ᫬㛫ࡀቑ࠼ࡓࠖ࡜࠸࠺⤒㦂ࡀࡑࢀࡒࢀ㸯఩࡜㸰఩࡟ᣲࡀࡗࡓࠋ኱ኚ࡞ᤵᴗࡣ㐲㝸ᤵᴗ࡜ࡑࡢㄢ㢟ࡢࡇ࡜࡜ᛮࢃࢀࠊࡦ࡜ࡾ࡛㐣ࡈࡍ᫬㛫ࡢቑຍࡣ &29,'࡟ࡼࡿ⏕άࡢኚ໬ࡀ཯
ᫎࡉࢀ࡚࠸ࡿ࡜⪃࠼ࡽࢀࡿࠋ6656 ࡟ࡣẚ㍑࡛ࡁࡿ㐣ᖺᗘࡢࢹ࣮ࢱࡣ࡞࠸ࡀࠊᖹᖖ᫬ࡢ኱Ꮫ
⏕࡟ࡼࡃࡳࡽࢀࡿ㏻Ꮫࡸ཭ே㛵ಀࠊࢡࣛࣈ࡞࡝࡟㛵ࡍࡿࢫࢺࣞࢫࡢ⤒㦂ࡣ࡯࡜ࢇ࡝ฟ⌧ࡋ࡚࠸࡞࠸ࠋࡓࡔࡋࠊእ࡛άື࡛ࡁࡎᐙ࡛㐣ࡈࡍ᫬㛫ࡀቑ࠼ࡓࡇ࡜ࢆࢫࢺࣞࢫ࡟ឤࡌࡿ࠿࡝࠺
࠿࡟ࡣಶேᕪࡀ࠶ࡾࠊࡑࢀࢆࢫࢺࣞࢫ࡜ឤࡌ࡚࠸ࡿ⪅ࡢ๭ྜࡣ༙ᩘ⛬ᗘ࡛࠶ࡾࠊྠᵝ࡟ࠕᬤࢆᣢ࡚వࡋ࡚࠸ࡿࠖࡇ࡜ࢆࢫࢺࣞࢫ࡟ឤࡌࡿேࡢ๭ྜࡶࠊࡑ࠺ឤࡌ࡞࠸ே࡜ྠ⛬ᗘ࡛࠶ࡗࡓࠋ
᫬㛫ࡀ༑ศ࡟࠶ࡿࡇ࡜࡛ࠊ⮬ศ⮬㌟ࡢࡇ࡜ࡸᑗ᮶ࡢ௙஦࡟ࡘ࠸࡚⪃࠼࡚࠸ࡿ⪅ࡶ࠶ࡾࠊࡑࡢ
ࡼ࠺࡞᫬㛫࡟ᑐࡋ࡚ࡣྰᐃⓗ࡟࡜ࡽ࠼࡚࠸ࡿ⪅ࡣᑡᩘ࡛࠶ࡗࡓࠋ ࡇࡢࡼ࠺࡞౛ᖺ࡜ࡣ␗࡞ࡿ᪂ධ⏕ࡢᏛ⏕⏕άࡣࠊ ᭶ᮎ࡟㐲㝸ᤵᴗࡢㄢ㢟ࡢࡦ࡜ࡘ࡜ࡋ࡚
ㄢࡋࡓᏛ⏕ࡢᚰቃࢆ⾲⌧ࡍࡿᕝᰗ࡟ࡶ཯ᫎࡉࢀ࡚࠸ࡓࠋศ㢮࡟♧ࡋࡓࡼ࠺࡟ࠊࢥࣟࢼ࡟ᑐࡍ
ࡿ୙Ᏻࡶ࠶ࢀࡤࡴࡋࢁ᭷ព⩏࡟㐣ࡈࡍ⮬⢔⏕άࠊ㐲㝸ᤵᴗࡢ኱ኚࡉࡶ࠶ࢀࡤࠊ㡹ᙇࢁ࠺࡜࠸
࠺ពḧࠊ㏻Ꮫᤵᴗ࡬ࡢᮇᚅ࡜୙Ᏻࠊ࡞࡝࣏ࢪࢸ࢕ࣈ࡜ࢿ࢞ࢸ࢕ࣈ࡞ෆᐜࡀ୧᪉ฟ⌧ࡋ࡚࠸ࡓࠋ
㐲㝸ᤵᴗࡣࠊྠ⣭⏕࡜఍࠼࡞࠸ᐢࡋࡉࡀ࠶ࡿ୍᪉ࠊ௚ࡢᏛ⏕࡜ẚ࡭ࡿࡇ࡜࡛୙Ᏻ࡟࡞ࡿࡇ࡜
ࡣᑡ࡞ࡃࠊ࣐࢖࣮࣌ࢫ࡛ຮᙉ࡛ࡁࡿ࣓ࣜࢵࢺࡶ࠶ࡿࠋࡇࡢࡼ࠺࡟ &29,' ࡢᙳ㡪࡟ࡼࡾྠࡌࡼ࠺࡞⎔ቃୗ࡟࠶ࡗ࡚ࡶࢫࢺࣞࢫࡢឤࡌ᪉࡟ࡣಶேᕪࡀ࠶ࡗࡓࠋ83, ࡸ 656 ࡛ ᐃࡉָߏ҈સਬ਒ιϱνʖ‫ن‬གྷ ୊  ‫ת‬ࢀࡓࢫࢺࣞࢫ཯ᛂࡣࠊ1(2)), ࡢ⚄⤒⑕ഴྥ࡜᭷ព࡞㛵㐃ᛶࡀ࠶ࡾࠊ⚄⤒⑕ഴྥࡢ㧗࠸ேࡣࢫࢺࣞࢫࢆᙉࡃឤࡌ࡚࠸ࡿࡇ࡜ࡀ᫂ࡽ࠿࡟࡞ࡗࡓࠋ㏫࡟እྥᛶࡢ㧗࠸ேࡣࢫࢺࣞࢫࢆཷࡅ
࡟ࡃ࠸ࡇ࡜ࡀ♧ࡉࢀࡓࠋእྥⓗ࡞ேࡢάືᛶࡸ࣏ࢪࢸ࢕ࣈឤ᝟ࡢ㧗ࡉࡀࠊ&29,' ࡢᙳ㡪ୗ࡟࠾࠸࡚ࠊࢫࢺࣞࢫ࡟ᑐࡍࡿ⪏ᛶ࡜࡞ࡗ࡚࠸ࡿࡢ࠿ࡶࡋࢀ࡞࠸ࠋࡲࡓࠊ╧╀㞀ᐖࡸ㣗ḧࡢኚ໬ࢆッ࠼࡚࠸ࡿேࡣࢫࢺࣞࢫ཯ᛂࡀከࡃࡳࡽࢀࡿഴྥ࡟࠶ࡿࡇ࡜ࡀࢃ࠿ࡗࡓࠋ≉࡟╧╀ࣜࢬ࣒ࡢᔂࢀࡣ⮬⢔⏕ά࡟ࡼࡿ⏕άࣜࢬ࣒ࡢᔂࢀࡢ཯ᫎࡢྍ⬟ᛶࡀ࠶ࡾࠊࢫࢺࣞࢫ࡟ࡼࡿ
ᚰ㌟୙ㄪࡢ᪩ᮇⓎぢࡢᡭࡀ࠿ࡾࡢࡦ࡜ࡘ࡜࡞ࡿ࠿ࡶࡋࢀ࡞࠸ࠋ
௨ୖࡢ⤖ᯝ࠿ࡽࠊ ᖺࡢධᏛ⏕ࡢࢫࢺࣞࢫ཯ᛂࡀ  ᖺ࡜ẚ࡭࡚≉࡟኱ࡁ࡞ኚ໬ࢆ♧ࡉ࡞࠿ࡗࡓࡢࡣࠊ౛ᖺ࡜ࡣ␗࡞ࡿ⏕άࢫࢱ࢖ࣝ࡟ࡼࡗ࡚ཷࡅࡿࢫࢺࣞࢫࡢࢱ࢖ࣉࡀ␗࡞ࡗ
࡚࠸ࡓࡓࡵࠊᩘ್ࡢୖ࡛┦ẅࡉࢀࡓྍ⬟ᛶࡀ࠶ࡿ࡜⪃࠼ࡽࢀࡿࠋࡋ࠿ࡋࠊᏛ⏕ࡢ࣓ࣥࢱࣝ࣊
ࣝࢫ࡟ࡘ࠸࡚ࡣ௒ᚋ࡜ࡶὀពࡋ࡞ࡀࡽぢᏲࡿᚲせࡀ࠶ࡿࡔࢁ࠺ࠋ࡞ࡐ࡞ࡽࠊ㏻ᖖࡢ᪂ධ⏕ࡢయ㦂ࡍࡿࢫࢺࣞࢫࡣࠊ኱Ꮫ⏕ά࡟㐺ᛂࡋ࡚࠸ࡃ࠺ࡕ࡟ࡈࡃ୍㒊ࡢᏛ⏕ࢆ㝖࠸࡚ࡣᚎࠎ࡟ప
ῶࡉࢀࠊၥ㢟໬ࡍࡿࡇ࡜ࡀ࡞࠸ࡢ࡟ᑐࡋ࡚ࠊࢥࣟࢼ࡟ࡼࡿᙳ㡪ࡣ⌧ᅾࡶ⥅⥆ࡋ࡚࠸ࡿ࠿ࡽ࡛
࠶ࡿࠋᑐ㠃ᤵᴗࡀ෌㛤ࡉࢀ࡚࠸ࡿ࡜ࡣ࠸࠼ࠊឤᰁண㜵ࡢࡓࡵ࡟᪥ᖖࡢ⾜ືࡸࢡࣛࣈάື࡟ࡶ
ࡉࡲࡊࡲ࡞ไ⣙ࡀㄢࡉࢀࠊ኱Ꮫ⚍࡞࡝ࡢ࢖࣋ࣥࢺࡶ㛤ദࡉࢀ࡞࠸≧ἣࡀ⥆࠸࡚࠸ࡿࠋࡲࡓࠊ
&29,' ࡟ឤᰁࡋࡓࡾⓎ⑕ࡍࡿࡇ࡜࡬ࡢ୙Ᏻࡸᜍᛧࡶᖖ࡟Ꮡᅾࡋ࡚࠾ࡾࠊࡑࢀࡀ࠸ࡘࡲ࡛
⥆ࡃࡢ࠿⌧ẁ㝵࡛ࡣ୙࡛᫂ࠊࡇࢀࡽࡀᏛ⏕ࡢ࣓ࣥࢱࣝ࣊ࣝࢫ࡟࡝ࡢࡼ࠺࡞ᙳ㡪ࢆ୚࠼ࡿ࠿
࡟ࡘ࠸࡚ࡶࠊ᫂ࡽ࠿࡟࡞ࡗ࡚࠸࡞࠸ࠋ㛗ᮇⓗ࡞ど㔝࡟❧ࡗ࡚ࠊᏛ⏕ࡢ࣓ࣥࢱࣝ࣊ࣝࢫࢆὀどࡋࠊ᪩ᮇࡢ௓ධࢆᚰ᥃ࡅࡿᚲせࡀ࠶ࡿࡔࢁ࠺ࠋ
ⴭ⪅ࡽࡢᚰ⌮Ꮫᩍᐊ࡛ࡣࠊᮏ◊✲࡛ᐇ᪋ࡋࡓ㉁ၥ⣬ࡢ⤖ᯝࡣࡍ࡭࡚Ꮫ⏕࡟ࣇ࢕࣮ࢻࣂࢵ
ࢡࢆ⾜ࡗࡓࠋࡲࡓࠊㄪᰝ࡟⏝࠸ࡓᑻᗘࡢㄝ᫂࠾ࡼࡧࢫࢺࣞࢫ࡟ࡘ࠸࡚ࡢㅮ⩏ࢆ⾜࠸ࠊࡉࡽ࡟
ࢫࢺࣞࢫࢥ࣮ࣆࣥࢢ࡟ࡘ࠸࡚ࡶゎㄝࢆ⾜ࡗ࡚࠸ࡿࠋ≉࡟ &29,' ࡟క࠺ࢫࢺࣞࢫ࡟ᑐࡍࡿ
ᑐฎἲ࡜ࡋ࡚ࠊ᪥ᮏᚰ⌮Ꮫ఍බᘧ࣮࣒࣮࣍࣌ࢪࡢ᪂ᆺࢥࣟࢼ࢘࢕ࣝࢫឤᰁ⑕ᑐ⟇≉タ࣮࣌ࢪ࡟ᥖ㍕ࡉࢀࡓࢫࢺࣞࢫࢥ࣮ࣆࣥࢢࡢ᪉ἲࡸࠊග⒪ἲ࣭⏕≀ࣜࢬ࣒Ꮫ఍ࡀ᥎ዡࡍࡿࠕ᪥ᖖ⏕άࢆつ๎ṇࡋࡃ㏦ࡿࡓࡵࡢ⮬ᕫ⟶⌮⾡ࠖ࡞࡝ࢆ⤂௓ࡋࠊᏛ⏕ࡀ⮬ศ࡛ࢫࢺࣞࢫ࣐ࢿࢪ࣓ࣥࢺ
ࢆ⾜࠺ୖ࡛ཧ⪃࡟࡞ࡿࡼ࠺࡞᝟ሗࡢᥦ౪ࢆ⾜ࡗࡓࠋࡲࡓࠊ෌㛤ࡉࢀࡓᑐ㠃ᤵᴗ࡛ࡣࠊ
ࠕ࣐࢖ࣥࢻࣇࣝࢿࢫᐇ⩦ࠖ࡟࠾࠸࡚ࠊࢫࢺࣞࢫ࣐ࢿࢪ࣓ࣥࢺ࡟ᙺ❧ࡘ࿧྾ἲࡸ▂᝿ἲࢆ₇⩦ᙧᘧ࡛ᣦᑟࡋࡓࠋ࣐࢖ࣥࢻࣇࣝࢿࢫࡣࡇࢀࡲ࡛ࡢすᇉࡽࡢᐇ㊶ࡢ⤖ᯝࡼࡾࠊ≉࡟⚄⤒⑕ഴྥࡢ㧗࠸ே࡟⫯ᐃⓗ࡟ホ౯ࡉࢀ࡚࠸ࡿࡇ࡜ࡀ᫂ࡽ࠿࡟࡞ࡗ࡚࠾ࡾ㹙㹛
ࠊ&29,' ࡟ࡼࡿࢫࢺࣞࢫࢆ
⦆࿴ࡍࡿୖࡢࡦ࡜ࡘࡢࢶ࣮ࣝ࡜ࡋ࡚ᙺ❧ࡘྍ⬟ᛶࡀ࠶ࡿ࡜ᮇᚅࡋ࡚࠸ࡿࠋ ᮏ◊✲ࡢ࣑ࣜࢸ࣮ࢩࣙࣥࡣࠊ◊✲ᑐ㇟ࡀ୍኱Ꮫࡢ་Ꮫ㒊ࡢ୍ᖺ⏕࡟㝈ࡽࢀ࡚࠸ࡿࡓࡵࠊᆅ
ᇦࡸᏛ⏕ࡢ≉ᛶ࡟೫ࡾࡀ࠶ࡾࠊࡇࡇ࡛ᚓࡽࢀࡓ⤖ᯝࡀᚲࡎࡋࡶ୍⯡໬࡛ࡁࡿࢃࡅ࡛ࡣ࡞࠸
ࡇ࡜࡛࠶ࡿࠋྠࡌ኱Ꮫ࡛࠶ࡗ࡚ࡶ㸰ᖺ⏕௨ୖࡢᏛ⏕ࡀឤࡌࡿࢫࢺࣞࢫࡣࠊ᪂ධ⏕࡜ࡣ㐪ࡗ࡚࠸ࡿྍ⬟ᛶࡀ࠶ࡿࠋࡲࡓࠊࢹ࣮ࢱࢆ཰㞟ࡋࡓࡢࡣ  ᭶ୗ᪪࡛࠶ࡾࠊ&29,' ࡟ࡼࡿࢫࢺࣞ
ࢫࡢ㛗ᮇⓗ࡞ᙳ㡪ࢆᢕᥱ࡛ࡁ࡚࠸ࡿࢃࡅ࡛ࡣ࡞࠸ࠋ ᖺ  ᭶⌧ᅾࠊ&29,' ࡢឤᰁ≧ἣࡸࡑࢀ࡟ᑐࡍࡿᑐᛂ⟇⮬యࡶ᪥ࠎኚ໬ࡋ࡚࠸ࡿ≧ἣ࡛࠶ࡾࠊᏛ⏕ࡢ≧ἣࡸຠᯝⓗ࡞ࢫࢺࣞࢫᑐ⟇࡟ࡘ࠸࡚ࡣࠊ௒ᚋ࡜ࡶࣇ࢛࣮ࣟ࢔ࢵࣉࢆ⥆ࡅ࡚࠸ࡃᚲせࡀ࠶ࡿ࡜⪃࠼࡚࠸ࡿࠋ
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ࡁࡘ࠸࡞࠶ẖ᪥ㄢ㢟࡟㏣ࢃࢀ࡚ࡿ
⏬㠃㉺ࡋ ཭࡜ࡶ㊥㞳ࡣ ࠸࡜㏆ࡋ ་Ꮫ⏕ ᐇឤ‪࠿ࡎ࡟ ஧ࣨ᭶┠ᅾᏯ࠿ ᪩ࡼ㏦ࡾࡓ࠸ ࢟ࣕࣥࣃࢫࣛ࢖ࣇ
ࢫࢸ࢖࣮࣒࣍ ࡑࢁࡑࢁ኱Ꮫ࡟ ⾜ࡁࡓ࠸࡞ ᑐ㠃࡛ ୙Ᏻ࡜ᮇᚅ࡜ ᴦࡋࡳ࡜ ᘬࡗ㉺ࡋ࡟ ヨ㦂ࡸㄢ㢟 ኱ኚࡔ๓ྥ࠸࡚ ᣮᡓࡋࡼ࠺ ఱ஦ࡶ᪂⏕ά ぶ࡬ࡢឤㅰ ㌟࡟ᰁࡳࡿ
Ẽࡢ⦆ࡳ ᘬࡁ⥾ࡵ෌ࡧ 㡹ᙇࢁ࠺  ኱㜰࡛ ࢝ࣝࢳ࣮ࣕࢩࣙࢵࢡ య㦂୰ᮏ≀ࡢ ኱Ꮫ⏕ά ࡕࡻࡗ࡜↔ࡿ㢦ྜࢃࡏ ]RRP ࡛ࡋࡓࡅ࡝ ᴦࡋࡳࡔ᪩ࡃぢࡓ࠸ ྠ⣭⏕ࡢ ࡦ࡜࡜࡞ࡾ
᪥ࢆ㏣ࡗ࡚ ᮇᚅ࡜୙Ᏻࡀ ஺㘒ࡍࡿᑐ㠃ᤵᴗࡢ ෌㛤ࡀỴࡲࡗ࡚ Ꮀࡋ࠸࡛ࡍ
㞴⪏࠼࡚ ࠶㹼ཧࡽࡤࡸ ᯛ᪉ᕷ࠶࡜ᑡࡋ ཭࡜఍࠼ࡿࡢ ᴦࡋࡳࡔ
኱Ꮫ࡛ ᪩ࡃࡳࢇ࡞࡟ ఍࠸ࡓ࠸࡞
ᱵ㞵ࡢᫍ 㠜࡟ࣀ࣮ࢺ ᚰ㌍ࡿᑐ㠃ᤵᴗ෌㛤ᚅࡗ࡚࠸ࡓ ึⓏᰯࡀ ᴦࡋࡳࡔ
ᴦࡋࡳࡔ ᪂ࡓ࡞ࡇ࡜ࡀ ጞࡲࡿ࡜ࡁ
⎔ቃࢆ ᪂ࡋࡃࡋ࡚ ๓ࢆྥࡃ
ᚅࡕࢃࡧࡓ ᪂ࡓ࡞཭࡟ ⬚ᙎࡴᬬࡃ࡞ࡾ ࡔࢀࡑ࠺ࡔࡅ࡝ 㡹ᙇࡿࡒᏛᰯ࡟ ᪩ࡃ⾜ࡁࡓ࠸ ẖ᪥࡛ࡍᏛᰯࡀ ࡸࡗ࡜ጞࡲࡿ ᴦࡋࡳࡔ 㟷ⱱࡾ ᚅࡕ࡟↔ࡀࢀࡿ ཭ࡢ㢦 ࡶ࠺ࡍࡄࡔ Ⓩᰯ㛫㏆࡜ ⬚㌍ࡿ ᭶࡟ ᑐ㠃㛤ጞ ࡸࡗ࡜࠿࠵
ࡶ࠺ࡍࡄ࡛ Ꮫᰯጞࡲࡿ ᴦࡋࡳࡔேぢ▱ࡾ ཭㐩ฟ᮶ࡿ࠿ ୙Ᏻࡔ࡞
ึࡵ࡚ࡢ ୍ேᬽࡽࡋࡣ ୙Ᏻࡔ࡞
ึࡵ࡚ࡢ ୍ேᬽࡽࡋ࡛ ୙Ᏻ࡞ࡾ
᫬᪩ࡃ ࡶ࠺ࡍࡄⓙ࡜ ᚚᑐ㠃ᐙࡀⰋ࠸ ㏻໅ࣛࢵࢩࣗ ᮅ୙Ᏻ
ி㒔࠿ࡽ ㏻Ꮫࡍࡿࡢ ୙Ᏻ࡛ࡍָߏ҈સਬ਒ιϱνʖ‫ن‬གྷ ୊  ‫ת‬ึࡵ࡚ࡢ ୍ேᬽࡽࡋ࡟ ஬㔛㟝୰ᡠࡾࡓ࠸ Ᏻᚰ࡛ࡁࡿ ୡ⏺࡬࡜ࢥࣟࢼ࠿࡞ ࢫࢺࣞࢫࡓࡲࡿ ࠺ࢇࡊࡾࡔ
ࢃࢀ୍ே ቑ࠼ࡺࡃ⬡⫫ 㟈࠼ࡓࡾఱࡶࡏࡎ ఇ᪥㐣ࡂࡿ ᐢࡋ࠸࡞
୍᪥୰ 㒊ᒇ࡛ࢦࣟࢦࣟ ࡯ࡰࢽ࣮ࢺ
఍ヰ࡞ࡃ ᪥࡟᪥࡟ቑ࠼ࡿ ⊂ࡾゝᐙ࡟࠸࡚ ࡍࡿࡇ࡜࡞ࡃ࡚ ㏥ᒅࡔእ࡟ฟ࡚ ᚰ⨨ࡁ࡞ࡃ 㐟ࡧࡓ࠸ࢥࣟࢼ⚝ࡢ ⮬Ꮿ㆙ഛࡣ ࣈࣛࢵࢡࡉ
⑂ࢀࡓ࡜ ↓ព㆑࡟ฟࡿ ᝏ࠸Ⓑࢥࣟࢼࡉࢇ ࡶ࠺࠸࠸㣬ࡁࡓ ᪩ࡼ⤊ࢃࢀ ᕢࡈࡶࡾ࡛ యࡢ࡞ࡲࡾ ࡍࡉࡲࡌ࠸
ࢥࣟࢼࡉࢇ ⮬⢔ࡍࡿࡼ࠺ ࠾㢪࠸ࡋࡲࡍ ࡩࡊࡅࡿ࡞ ࢥࣟࢼ࠾๓ࡀ ⮬⢔ࡋࢁ⮬⢔୰ ே࡜ヰࡏࡎ ៧㨚ࡔ ⮬⢔୰ ே࡟఍࠼ࡎ࡟ ⑓ࡳ࠿ࡅࡿ
ᚰ࠿ࡽ 㢪࠺ࡼࢥࣟࢼ ࡤ࠸ࡤ࠸⳦
⮬⢔᫂ࡅ እฟࡍࡿࡢ ࡲࡔᛧ࠸

⮬⢔⏕άࢿ࢞ࢸ࢕ࣈ

⮬⢔᫂ࡅ యࡢ⾶࠼ ᜍࢁࡋࡸ
࡞ࡲࡠࡿ࠸ ὶࢀࡢ୰࡛ ỿࢇ࡛ࡿ
ࡲࡔฟ᮶ࡠ ࡸࡾࡓ࠸ࡇ࡜ࡀ ┠ⓑᢲࡋ཭㐩࡜ እฟࡋ࡚ ➗࠸ࡓ࠸㐟ࡧࡓ࠸ ࠸ࢁࢇ࡞࡜ࡇ࡟ ฟ࠿ࡅࡓ࠸
➽⫗③ Ṍ࠸ࡓ㊥㞳ࡣ ᑡࡋࡔࡅ
཭㐩࡜ ᪩ࡃ఍࠸ࡓ࠸ ⮬⢔ᮇ㛫཭ே࡜ ༞ᴗ᪑⾜ࡀ ࡋࡓ࠿ࡗࡓ
▐ࡃ㛫 㐣ࡂ࡚ࡺࡃ᪥ࠎ ୙Ᏻເࡿ
ᛮ࠸ษࡾ እ࡛యࢆ ື࠿ࡋࡓ࠸
ᮏᙜ࡟ 㐟ࢇ࡛࠸࠸ࢇ࠿ ⮬⢔᫂ࡅ⮬⢔୰ ᐙ࠿ࡽฟࡠࡶ ⭡ࡣฟࡿᑗ᮶ࡣ ࢥࣟࢼୡ௦࡜ ゝࢃࢀࡑ࠺
ᾉேࡼࡾ 㛗ࡃឤࡌࡿ ⮬⢔ᮇ㛫࠸ࡘᡠࡿ ཭࡜఍࠼ࡿ ᙜࡓࡾ๓
ᘬࡁࡇࡶࡿ ⏕ά⥆ࡁ ↓Ẽຊ࡟╀ࡓ࠸࡞ ࡸࡿẼࡀฟ࡞࠸ ࡞ࡐࡔࢁ࠺
ࡋࢇ࡝ࡃ࡚ ⑂ࢀࡀࡓࡲࡗ࡚ ࡍࡄ࡟ᐷࡿ
᫓⤊ࢃࡾ ᮍࡔᣔ࠼ࡠ ஬᭶⑓⑭ࡏࡓ⮬ศ Ꮫ⏕ドぢ࡚ ㄡࡸࡡࢇ

࣏ࢪࢸ࢕ࣈ

⮬⢔ᮇ㛫 ࡃࡘࢁࡆࡿࡇ࡜ ࡇࡢୖ࡞ࡋ

੤֠ʀ౽ଞ αϫψՔͶ͕͜Ζҫָ෨৿೘ਫ਼͹ϟϱνϩϖϩηͳͨ͹ଲԢᐙ࡟ᒃࡿ ࡳࢇ࡞ࡢ࿨ Ᏺࡿࡓࡵ
⮬⢔࡛ࡶ ᚰ࡟㈇ᢸ ఱࡶ࡞ࡋ
ᐙ᪘࡜ࡢ ఍ヰࡀቑ࠼ࡓ ⮬⢔ᮇ㛫ࡃࡘࢁ࠸࡛ ㊃࿡࡟᫬㛫ࢆ ࠶࡚ࡽࢀࡿ
ஂࠎ࡟ ᐙ᪘࡜㐣ࡈࡏ࡚ ࡼ࠿ࡗࡓ࡞
௒ࡢ࠺ࡕ ⮬ศ☻ࡁ࡟ ᫬㛫࠿ࡅࢥࣟࢼ⚝࡟ ㈇ࡅ࡞࠸ࡼ࠺࡟ ດຊࡍࡿ
╧╀ࢆ ࡓࡃࡉࢇ࡜ࢀ࡚ ᖾࡏࡔẖ᪥ࡀ ࡢࢇࡧࡾࡺࡗࡓࡾ 㐣ࡂ࡚࠸ࡃ
࡝࠺ࡋ࡚ࡶ ࡢࢇࡧࡾ㐣ࡈࡍ ⮬Ꮿࡔ࡞⮬⢔࡛ࡶ ࢺ࣮ࣞࢽࣥࢢ࡛  ࢟ࣟῶࡇࡢࡲࡲࡢ ⏕άពእ࡜ ᝏࡃ࡞࠸
ࢥࣟࢼ⚝ࡣ ⮬ศࢆࡳࡘࡵࡿ Ⰻ࠸ᮇ㛫⮬⢔୰ ㊃࿡ࢆㅻḷࡋ ኱‶ႚᐦࢆ㑊ࡅ 㐣ࡈࡋࡓ᫓ࡣ ᫂᪥ࡢࡓࡵ
࠿ࡳࡋࡵࡿ ᐙ᪘ࡢᖾࡏ ࠶࡜ᑡࡋ
᪂ࡋ࠸ ୡ⏺ࢆክぢࡿ ⮬⢔୰⮬⢔୰ ⚾ࡢᚰࡣ άື୰ࡋࡓ࠸ࡇ࡜ ࡛ࡁ࡞࠸࡞ࡽࡤ ㊃࿡సࢁ࠺
㟁ヰ㉺ࡋ ஺ࢃࡋࡓ⣙᮰ ⿬ษࡽ࡞࠸
཭ே࡜  ศࡢ㟁ヰ ㈗㔜࡞᫬㛫ぢୖࡆ࡚ࡿ ᚰࡶ✵ࡶ ㏱ࡁ㏻ࡿ
ࡲࡎゐࡾ ↓⌮࡜ศ࠿ࢀࡤ ᫬௵ࡏ௒᪥ࡣཤࡾ ఱࡶࡏࡎ࡜ࡶ ᫂᪥᮶ࡿ
ࡑࡢ௚

ᚰ㇟㢼ᬒ

ࡑࡼ㢼ࡀ ᚰࢆ࡞ࡧ࠿ࡍ 㛛ฟ࠿࡞┠ࢆࡘࡴࡾ ⊂ࡾ࡛Ṍࡃ ᭎ࡾ㐨㟼ᐢࡢ ୰࡟ᐟࡾࡋ ࡯ࢇ࡜ࡢ⮬ศᵝࠎ࡞ ᐇឤࡀ‪ࡃ ௒᪥ࡇࡢ㡭ᩓṌ୰ ⪺ࡇ࠼ࡿἼࡢ 㟼ࡅࡉࡼ

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ָߏ҈સਬ਒ιϱνʖ‫ن‬གྷ ୊  ‫ת‬
Mental health condition of first-year medical students during the COVID-19 pandemic
NISHIGAKI Etsuyo*, FUJIMURA Akiho* ***Kansai Medical University, School of Medicine, **Kyoto city School Counselor

The COVID-19 pandemic in 2020 greatly affected the lives of university student’s world over. There
are studies from both within and outside Japan suggesting that medical students are usually morestressed than students in other streams. Thus, this study examined the mental health condition of 127
first-year medical students during the COVID-19 pandemic. Results suggested that there is no big
difference in stress response on University Personality Inventory (UPI) or Stress Response Scale(SRS-18). However, 17 percent of the medical students reported they felt languid and many claimed
that they felt anxiety. Further, students with neuroticism, and students with sleeping disorders tended
to be strongly affected by the stress due to the pandemic. The impact of COVID-19 is expected tocontinue. Therefore, it is necessary to support the students so that they can adopt suitable measures tocope with the stress.
Key Words: Mental health; Stress; Medical students; Stress management; COVID-19ָߏ҈સਬ਒ιϱνʖ‫ن‬གྷ ୊  ‫ת‬㐠㌿චチドࡢ⮬୺㏉⣡ࡢືᶵ࡙ࡅ࡜㏉⣡ᚋࡢᖾ⚟ឤࡢ㛵ಀ
䛸䜘䛥䜟

䛨䜕䜣䛣

䛔䜟䜒䛸

䜖

䜚

㇏ἑ㻌 ⣧Ꮚ㻌 䞉㻌 ᒾᮏ㻌 ᝆ㔛೺ᗣᏳ඲ᩍ⫱⣔㻌 ೺ᗣᏳ඲⛉Ꮫ㒊㛛㏆ᖺ䚸㧗㱋㐠㌿⪅䛻䜘䜛஺㏻Ṛஸ஦ᨾ䛜኱䛝䛟ሗ㐨䛥䜜䛶䛚䜚䚸චチ㏉⣡䛻ᑐ䛩䜛♫఍䛾㛵ᚰ䛿㧗䛟䛺䛳䛶䛔䜛䚹㐠㌿චチド䛾⮬୺㏉⣡䜢ಁ䛩䛯䜑䛻䛿䚸㏉⣡ᚋ䛾⏕ά㐺ᛂ䜢ྵ䜑䛶᳨ウ䜢⾜䛖䛣䛸䛜ồ䜑䜙䜜䜛䚹ᮏ◊✲䛿චチ㏉⣡䛾ືᶵ䛵䛡䛾㉁䛻ὀ┠䛧䚸⮬ᕫỴᐃ⌮ㄽ䛚䜘䜃䛭䛾ୗ఩⌮ㄽ䛾᭷ᶵⓗ⤫ྜ⌮ㄽ䛾ほⅬ䛛䜙䚸㏉⣡䛾⮬ᚊᛶ䛸㏉⣡ᚋ䛾ᖾ⚟ឤ䛾㛵ಀ䜢᳨ウ䛧䛯䚹චチ㏉⣡⪅ 101 ྡ䜢ᑐ㇟䛸䛧䛯䜸䞁䝷䜲䞁ㄪᰝ䛾⤖ᯝ䚸⮬ᚊᛶ䛾㧗䛔ືᶵ䛵䛡䠄ྠ୍໬ⓗㄪᩚ䠅䛾᪉䛜䚸ప䛔ືᶵ䛵䛡䠄እⓗㄪᩚ䚸ྲྀ䜚ධ䜜ⓗㄪᩚ䠅䜘䜚䜒䚸㏉⣡ᚋ䛾ᖾ⚟ឤ䛸䛾┦㛵ಀᩘ䛿㧗䛛䛳䛯䚹䛣䛾⤖ᯝ䛿䚸㏉⣡ᚋ䛾⏕ά㐺ᛂ䜢⪃䛘䜛㝿䛻䛿⮬ᚊᛶ䛾㧗䛔ືᶵ䛵䛡䛻䜘䛳䛶㏉⣡䛜䛺䛥䜜䜛䛣䛸䛜㔜せ䛷䛒䜛䛣䛸䜢♧၀䛩䜛䚹᭷ᶵⓗ⤫ྜ⌮ㄽ䛻䜘䜛䛸䚸⮬ᚊⓗ䛺ືᶵ䛵䛡䛾ಁ㐍䛻䛿䚸᭷⬟ᛶ䚸㛵ಀᛶ䚸⮬ᚊᛶ䛾 3 䛴䛾ᇶᮏḧồ䛻䜰䝥䝻䞊䝏䛩䜛䛣䛸䛜᭷ຠ䛸䛥䜜䜛䛯䜑䚸䛣䜜䜙䛾ḧồ䛾඘㊊
䜢ᨭ᥼䛩䜛䛯䜑䛾ᨭ᥼䛾ᅾ䜚᪉䛻䛴䛔䛶⪃ᐹ䛧䛯䚹䜻䞊䝽䞊䝗䠖㐠㌿චチ⮬୺㏉⣡䚸⮬ᕫỴᐃ⌮ㄽ䚸᭷ᶵⓗ⤫ྜ⌮ㄽ䚸ᖾ⚟ឤ䚸ືᶵ䛵䛡Ϩ㸬ၥ㢟࡜┠ⓗ㏆ᖺ䚸㧗㱋㐠㌿⪅䛻䜘䜛஺㏻Ṛஸ஦ᨾ䛜኱䛝䛟ሗ䛨䜙䜜䛶䛔䜛䚹ෆ㛶ᗓ䛾⤫ィ[1]䛻䜘䜛䛸䚸2019ᖺ䛻 75 ṓ௨ୖ䛾㧗㱋㐠㌿⪅䛻䜘䜛Ṛஸ஦ᨾ௳ᩘ䛿 401 ௳Ⓨ⏕䛧䚸චチேཱྀ 10 ୓ேᙜ䛯䜚䛾Ṛஸ஦ᨾ௳ᩘ䛷䛿䚸75 ṓᮍ‶䛾 3.1 ௳䛻ᑐ䛧䚸75 ṓ௨ୖ䛿 6.9 ௳䚸80 ṓ௨ୖ䛷䛿 9.8 ௳䛸䛺䛳䛶
䛔䜛䚹75 ṓ௨ୖ䛾㧗㱋㐠㌿⪅䛸 75 ṓᮍ‶䛾㐠㌿⪅䛾Ṛஸ஦ᨾ䛾㢮ᆺẚ㍑䛷䛿䚸75 ṓ௨ୖ䛿75 ṓᮍ‶䛸ẚ㍑䛧䛶䚸㌴୧༢⊂䛾஦ᨾ๭ྜ䛜㧗䛟䚸ᕤస≀⾪✺䜔㊰እ㐓⬺䛾๭ྜ䛜㧗䛔䛸䛥䜜䜛䚹䜎䛯 75 ṓ௨ୖ䛷䛿᧯స୙㐺䛻䜘䜛஦ᨾ䛜᭱䜒ከ䛟䚸䝝䞁䝗䝹䛾᧯స୙㐺䜔䝤䝺䞊䜻䛸䜰䜽䝉
䝹䛾㋃䜏㐪䛔䛾๭ྜ䛜㧗䛔䛸䛔䛖≉ᚩ䛜䛒䜛䚹㧗㱋㐠㌿⪅䛾ㄆ▱ᶵ⬟䛸㐠ືᢏ⬟䛻䛿ṇ䛾┦㛵䛜䛒䜛䛸䛥䜜[2]䚸ຍ㱋䛻క䛖ㄆ▱ᶵ⬟䛾పୗ䛿஦ᨾ䛾⫼ᬒせᅉ䛾୍䛴䛷䛒䜛䛸⪃䛘䜙䜜䜛䚹㐠㌿
චチ䛜୙せ䛻䛺䛳䛯ሙྜ䜔㐠㌿䛻୙Ᏻ䜢ឤ䛨䜛䜘䛖䛻䛺䛳䛯ሙྜ䛻䛿䚸⮬୺ⓗ䛻㐠㌿චチド䜢㏉⣡䛩䜛䛣䛸䛜䛷䛝䜛䚹㐠㌿චチド䛾⮬୺㏉⣡ไᗘ䛿䚸1997 ᖺ䛾㐨㊰஺㏻ἲᨵṇ䛻䜘䜚᪂䛯䛻ᑟධ䛥䜜䛯ไᗘ䛷䛒䜛䚹㐠㌿චチ䛾⏦ㄳྲྀᾘ௳ᩘ䚸䛩䛺䜟䛱⮬୺㏉⣡⪅ᩘ䛿 2019 ᖺ䛷⣙ 60 ୓ே䛚䜚䚸ไᗘ䛜ᑟධ
䛥䜜䛯 1998 ᖺ䛸ẚ㍑䛧䛶⣙ 230 ಸ䛻ቑຍ䛧䛶䛔䜛[3][4]䚹䛭䛾⌮⏤䛸䛧䛶䚸㐠㌿⤒Ṕド᫂᭩䛜ᮏே☜ㄆ᭩㢮䛸䛧䛶౑䛘䜛䜘䛖䛻䛺䛳䛯䛣䛸䚸㧗㱋㐠㌿⪅䛻䜘䜛஦ᨾ䛾ሗ㐨䛜ቑຍ䛧䛶䛔䜛䛣䛸䛺䛹䜢ᣲ䛢䜛䛣䛸䛜䛷䛝䜛䚹䛯䛰䛧䚸㈙䛔≀䜔௙஦䛺䛹䛾᪥ᖖ⏕ά䛻⮬ື㌴䜢ᚲせ䛸䛩䜛ே䛻䛸䛳䛶䛿䚸๝ୖʀ‫آ‬ຌ ӣ఺໖‫ৄڒ‬͹ࣙकศ೴͹ಊ‫ͳ͜Ͱؽ‬ศ೴‫ޛ‬͹߀ෳ‫״‬͹‫ܐؖ‬㏉⣡䜢Ỵ᩿䛩䜛䛣䛸䛿ᐜ᫆䛷䛿䛺䛔䛸ᛮ䜟䜜䜛䚹ᐇ㝿䚸MS & AD 䜲䞁䝍䞊䝸䝇䜽⥲◊ᰴᘧ఍♫[5]
䛜 60 ṓ௨ୖ䛾㐠㌿චチ䛾⮬୺㏉⣡⪅䛚䜘䜃㠀᭦᪂⪅䠄௨ᚋ䛂㏉⣡⪅䛃䛸䛩䜛䠅1,000 ே䜢ᑐ㇟䛻⾜䛳䛯ㄪᰝ䛻䜘䜛䛸䚸㏉⣡⌮⏤䛿䚸䛂㐠㌿䛩䜛ᚲせ䛜䛺䛟䛺䛳䛯䠄24.7%䠅䛃䛸䛂㐠㌿䜢䛧䛶䛔䛺䛛䛳䛯䠄䝨䞊䝟䞊䝗䝷䜲䝞䞊䠅䠄23.6%䠅䛃䛾୧᪉䛷⣙༙ᩘ䛷䛒䜚䚸䛂㧗㱋⪅䛻䜘䜛㔜኱஦ᨾ䛾䝙䝳䞊䝇䜢⪥䛻䛧䛯䠄16.1%䠅䛃䚸䛂㐠㌿ᢏ⾡䛾పୗ䜢ᐇឤ䛧䛯䠄10.9%䠅䛃䚸䛂ᐙ᪘䛾່䜑䛜䛒䛳䛯䠄10.9%䠅䛃䚸䛂䝠䝲䝸䞉䝝䝑䝖䜢⤒㦂䛧䛯䠄3.9%䠅䛃䚸䛂஦ᨾ䜢㉳䛣䛧䛯䠄2.3%䠅䛃䚸䛺䛹䛜➨୍䛾⌮⏤䛸䛧䛶㑅ᢥ䛥䜜䜛䛣䛸䛿┦ᑐⓗ䛻ᑡ䛺䛛䛳䛯䚹䜎䛯䚸䛂᭶䛻ᩘᅇ௨ୖ㐠㌿䛩䜛䛣䛸䛜䛒䜛䛃ᡂே 1,000 ே䜢ᑐ㇟䛸䛧䛯ู䛾ㄪᰝ䛷䛿䚸㐠㌿චチド䛾㏉⣡䜢᳨ウ䛧䛯䛣䛸䛜䛒䜛ே䛿඲య䛾 9%䛔䛯䛜䚸㏉⣡䛧䛺䛛䛳䛯⌮⏤䛸䛧
䛶 5 ๭䛾ே䛿䛂௚䛾⛣ືᡭẁ䜒䛒䜛䛜䚸୙౽䛺䛯䜑䛃䜢㑅ᢥ䛧䛶䛔䛯[6]䚹
௨ୖ䛾ㄪᰝ⤖ᯝ䛛䜙䚸චチ㏉⣡䛾ᢚไせᅉ䛸䛧䛶䚸⌧ᅾ䛾⏕ά⩦័䜢⥔ᣢ䛩䜛䛣䛸䛜䛷䛝䛺䛔䛣䛸䛻䜘䛳䛶䜴䜵䝹䝡䞊䜲䞁䜾䛜పୗ䛩䜛䛣䛸䜈䛾ᠱᛕ䛜䛒䜛䛸ᛮ䜟䜜䜛䚹䛭䛾୍᪉䛷䚸MS & AD 䜲䞁䝍䞊䝸䝇䜽⥲◊ᰴᘧ఍♫䛾ㄪᰝ[4]䛷䛿䚸7 ๭௨ୖ䛾ே䛜㏉⣡䛧䛶䛂኱ኚ䜘䛛䛳䛯䠄24.7%䠅䛃䛒䜛䛔䛿䛂䜘䛛䛳䛯䠄48.7%䠅䛃䛸ᅇ⟅䛧䛶䛚䜚䚸䛂䛹䛱䜙䛸䜒䛔䛘䛺䛔䠄23.8%䠅䛃䛾୰❧䛺ホ౯䜢㝖䛟䛸䚸䛂䜘䛟䛺䛛䛳䛯䠄1.9%䠅䛃䛂኱ኚ䜘䛟䛺䛛䛳䛯䠄0.9%䠅䛃䛸ᅇ⟅䛧䛯ே䛿㠀ᖖ䛻ᑡ䛺䛛䛳䛯䚹䜎䛯䚸㏉⣡䛧䛶Ⰻ䛛䛳䛯䛸ឤ䛨䛯䛣䛸䛸䛧䛶䚸䛂஦ᨾ䜢㉳䛣䛩ᚰ㓄䛜䛺䛟䛺䛳䛯䠄60.7%䠅䛃䚸䛂㌴䛾⥔ᣢ㈝䛺䛹䛾⛣ື䛻䛛䛛䜛㈝⏝䛜Ᏻ䛟䛺䛳䛯䠄42.3%䠅䛃䚸䛂ᐙ᪘䛻Ᏻᚰ䛥䜜䛯䠄25.6%䠅䛃䚸䛂㐠ື㔞䛜ቑ䛘䛶೺ᗣ䛻䛺䛳
䛯䠄25.3%䠅䛃䛺䛹䛜㑅ᢥ䛥䜜䛶䛔䛯䛾䛻ᑐ䛧䚸㏉⣡䛧䛶᭱䜒୙౽䜢ឤ䛨䛯䛣䛸䛸䛧䛶䛿䚸䛂䛥䜋䛹୙౽䜢ឤ䛨䛺䛔䠄53.8%䠅䛃䛜᭱䜒ከ䛟䚸䛂㈙䛔≀䠄18.4%䠅䛃䚸䛂᪑⾜䠄8.5%䠅䛃䚸䛂㏻㝔䠄6.8%䠅䛃䛺䛹䛾㑅ᢥ⋡䛿┦ᑐⓗ䛻ప䛛䛳䛯䚹䛣䜜䜙䛾䝕䞊䝍䜢䜅䜎䛘䜛䛸䚸㏉⣡ᚋ䛾⏕ά䛾䜴䜵䝹䝡䞊䜲䞁䜾䛿䚸㏉⣡๓䛻ᚰ㓄䛩䜛䜋䛹పୗ䛧䛺䛔䛾䛛䜒䛧䜜䛺䛔䚹䛯䛰䛧ᑡᩘ䛷䛿䛒䜛䛜䚸䝛䜺䝔䜱䝤䛺ホ౯䜢䛧䛶䛔䜛ே䜒䛚䜚䚸䛣䛾䜘䛖䛺ಶேᕪ䛜䛹䛾䜘䛖䛺せᅉ䛻ᇶ䛵䛔䛶䛔䜛䛾䛛䜢୎ᑀ䛻᳨ウ䛩䜛䛣䛸䛿㔜せ䛷䛒䜛䛸ᛮ䜟䜜䜛䚹ᮏ◊✲䛿䚸බඹ஺㏻ᶵ㛵䛾฼౽ᛶ➼䛾♫఍ⓗせᅉ௨እ䛻䜒䚸㏉⣡䛾ពᛮỴᐃ䛾᪉ἲ䛜䛭䛾ᚋ䛾⏕ά㐺ᛂ䛻㛵ಀ䛩䜛ྍ⬟ᛶ䜢⪃䛘䚸ᚰ⌮Ꮫ䛾ືᶵ䛵䛡⌮ㄽ䛾ほⅬ䛛䜙᳨ウ䜢⾜䛖䛣䛸䛻䛧䛯䚹
ྂ඾ⓗ䛺ᚰ⌮Ꮫ䛾ືᶵ䛵䛡◊✲䛷䛿䚸⾜ື䜢ႏ㉳䛩䜛ᵓᡂᴫᛕ䛸䛧䛶䛾ືᶵ䛵䛡䜢༢୍ᴫᛕ䛸ᤊ䛘䚸ືᶵ䛵䛡䛾㔞䛾㐪䛔䛻ὀ┠䛧䛶䛔䛯[7]䚹䛭䛾ᚋ䚸ྠ䛨㔞䛷䛒䛳䛶䜒㉁䛻㐪䛔䛜䛒䜛ሙྜ䛜䛒䜛䛣䛸䛜ㄽ䛨䜙䜜䜛䜘䛖䛻䛺䜚䚸ෆⓎⓗືᶵ䛵䛡䛸እⓎⓗືᶵ䛵䛡䛜༊ู䛥䜜䜛䜘䛖䛻䛺䛳䛯[8][9]䚹
ෆⓎⓗືᶵ䛵䛡䛸䛿䚸ෆᅾⓗ䛺⯆࿡䜔ᴦ䛧䛥䛻ᇶ䛵䛟ືᶵ䛵䛡䛷䛒䜛䛾䛻ᑐ䛧䚸እⓎⓗືᶵ䛵䛡䛸䛿䚸άື⮬య䛾ᴦ䛧䛥䛷䛿䛺䛟䚸䛭䜜䛸䛿ู䛾⤖ᯝ䜢ᚓ䜛䛯䜑䛾ືᶵ䛵䛡䛷䛒䜛䛸䛥䜜䜛䚹䛥䜙䛻䛭䛾ᚋ䛾◊✲䛷䛿䚸ෆⓎⓗືᶵ䛵䛡䛸እⓎⓗືᶵ䛵䛡䛿┦཯䛩䜛䜒䛾䛷䛿䛺䛟䚸┦஫䛻㛵ಀ䛩䜛䜒䛾䛸⪃䛘䜛❧ሙ䛜⌧䜜䚸䛭䛾௦⾲䛷䛒䜛⮬ᕫỴᐃ⌮ㄽ䠄Self-Determination Theory; SDT, [10]䠅䚸
≉䛻䛭䛾ୗ఩⌮ㄽ䛾᭷ᶵⓗ⤫ྜ⌮ㄽ䠄Organismic Integration Theory; OIT䠅䛷䛿䚸እⓗ䛺౯್䜢ෆᅾ໬䛧⤫ྜ䛩䜛⛬ᗘ䛾㐪䛔䛛䜙䚸እⓎⓗືᶵ䛵䛡䜢᭦䛻」ᩘ䛾ẁ㝵䠄⮬ᚊᛶ䛾ప䛔䜒䛾䛛䜙㧗䛔䜒䛾䜈䚸እⓗㄪᩚ䚸ྲྀ䜚ධ䜜ⓗㄪᩚ䚸ྠ୍໬ⓗㄪᩚ䚸⤫ྜⓗㄪᩚ䛾㡰䠅䛻ศ㢮䛧䛶䛔䜛[11]䚹᭷ᶵⓗ⤫ྜ⌮ㄽ䛜௬ᐃ䛩䜛」ᩘ䛾ẁ㝵䛾䛖䛱䚸᭱䜒⮬ᚊᛶ䛾ప䛔እⓗㄪᩚ䛿䚸እⓗ䛺ሗ㓘䜔⨩䛻䜘䛳䛶⾜ື䛜ไᚚ䛥䜜䛶䛔䜛᫬䛾ືᶵ䛵䛡䛷䛒䜛䚹චチ㏉⣡䛷䛿䚸ᐙ᪘䛛䜙ᙉไ䛥䜜䛯䜚䚸㏉⣡ᚋ䛾≉඾฼⏝䜢┠ⓗ䛸䛧䛶㏉⣡䛩䜛ሙྜ䛜ヱᙜ䛩䜛䛸⪃䛘䜙䜜䜛䚹ḟ䛻䚸ྲྀ䜚ධ䜜ⓗㄪᩚ䛿䚸እⓗㄪᩚ䜋䛹እᅽ䛿䛺䛔䛜䚸䛂䛩䜉䛝䛰䛃䛂䛧䛺䛡䜜䜀䛺䜙䛺䛔䛃䛺䛹䛸䛾⪃䛘䜔䚸⨥ᝏឤ䜔୙Ᏻ䛾ᅇ㑊䛻ไᚚ䛥䜜䛶䛔䜛᫬䛾ືᶵ䛵䛡䛷䛒䜛䚹౛䛘䜀䚸㏉⣡䛧䛶䛔䛺䛔䛣䛸䜢௚⪅䛛䜙㈐䜑䜙䜜䛯䛟䛺䛔䛸⪃䛘䛯䜚䚸஦ᨾ䜢㉳䛣䛧䛶䛧䜎䛖䛣䛸䛾୙Ᏻ䜢ゎᾘ䛧䛯䛔᫬䛺䛹䛜ᙜ䛶䛿䜎䜛䛸⪃䛘䜙䜜䜛䚹እⓗㄪᩚ䛸ྲྀ䜚ධ䜜ⓗㄪᩚ䛿䚸䛂⤫ไⓗ䛺ືᶵ䛵䛡䛃䛸࿧䜀䜜䜛䛣䛸䛜䛒䜛䚹䛣䜜䜙䛻ᑐ䛧䚸ྠ୍໬ⓗㄪᩚ䛿䚸⾜ື䛩䜛䛣䛸䛾౯್䜢ಶேⓗ䛻䜒㔜せ䛷䛒䜛䛸ㄆ䜑䛶⾜ື䛩䜛᫬䛾ືᶵ䛵䛡䛷䛒䜛䚹⮬䜙㏉๝ୖʀ‫آ‬ຌ ӣ఺໖‫ৄڒ‬͹ࣙकศ೴͹ಊ‫ͳ͜Ͱؽ‬ศ೴‫ޛ‬͹߀ෳ‫״‬͹‫ܐؖ‬⣡䛩䜛䛣䛸䛜♫఍䛾Ᏻ඲䛻㈉⊩䛩䜛䛸⪃䛘䛶⾜䛖ሙྜ䛺䛹䛜ᙜ䛶䛿䜎䜛䛸⪃䛘䜙䜜䜛䚹䛭䛧䛶䚸እⓎⓗືᶵ䛵䛡䛾୰䛷᭱䜒⮬ᚊᛶ䛾㧗䛔⤫ྜⓗㄪᩚ䛿䚸⾜ື䛾౯್䜢ㄆ䜑䜛䛰䛡䛷䛺䛟䚸䛭䛾ே䛾௚䛾౯್ほ䜔ḧồ䛸䜒㐺ྜ䛧䛶⾜ື䛜ไᚚ䛥䜜䛶䛔䜛᫬䛾ືᶵ䛵䛡䛷䛒䜛䚹౛䛘䜀䚸᪥㡭䛛䜙ᵝ䚻䛺♫఍㈉⊩άື䜢䛧䛶䛔䜛ே䛜䚸චチ㏉⣡䜒♫఍䛻㈉⊩䛩䜛䛯䜑䛾୍ᡭẁ䛷䛒䜛䛸⪃䛘䛶⾜䛖ሙྜ䛜ᙜ䛶䛿䜎䜛䛸⪃䛘䜙䜜䜛䚹ྠ୍໬ⓗㄪᩚ䛸⤫ྜⓗㄪᩚ䛿䚸ෆⓎⓗືᶵ䛵䛡䛸ඹ䛻䛂⮬ᚊⓗ䛺ືᶵ䛵䛡䛃䛸࿧䜀䜜䜛䛣䛸䛜䛒䜛䚹᭷ᶵⓗ⤫ྜ⌮ㄽ䛿䚸䛣䜜䜎䛷㣴⫱䚸Ꮫᴗ䚸೺ᗣ䚸䝇䝫䞊䝒䚸ປാ䚸ᚰ⌮⒪ἲ䛺䛹ᵝ䚻䛺㡿ᇦ䛷᳨ウ䛜䛺䛥䜜䚸⮬ᚊᛶ䛾㧗䛔ືᶵ䛵䛡䛷䛒䜛䜋䛹䚸♫఍䛻ᑐ䛩䜛㐺ᛂ䛜Ⰻ䛔䛣䛸䛜♧䛥䜜䛶䛝䛯[11][12]䚹౛䛘䜀Ꮫᴗ㡿ᇦ䛷䛿䚸㐍Ꮫ䛾ືᶵ䛵䛡䛜እⓗㄪᩚ䜔ྲྀ䜚ධ䜜ⓗㄪᩚ䛷䛒䛳䛯ሙྜ䛿䚸㐍Ꮫᚋ䛾Ꮫᰯ㐺ᛂᗘ䛜ప䛛䛳䛯䛜䚸⤫ྜⓗㄪᩚ䜔ෆⓗㄪᩚ䛷䛒䛳䛯ሙྜ䛿㐍Ꮫᚋ䛾Ꮫᰯ㐺ᛂᗘ䛜㧗䛔䛣䛸䛜♧䛥䜜䛶䛔䜛[13]䚹䛩䛺䜟䛱䚸Ꮫᰯ⏕ά䛾ᴦ䛧䛥䜔ே㛫㛵ಀ䛻䛚䛡䜛‶㊊ᗘ䛺䛹䛾Ꮫᰯ㐺ᛂ䛻䛚䛔䛶䛿䚸⮬ᚊⓗ䛻㧗ᰯ㐍Ꮫ䜢⾜䛖䛣䛸䛜䛭䛾ᚋ䛾Ⰻ䛔㐺ᛂ䛻䛴䛺䛜䜛䛣䛸䛜♧䛥䜜䛯䚹䜎䛯䚸⫋ົ㡿ᇦ䛷䛿䚸ᅾ᪥እᅜே␃Ꮫ⏕䜢ᑐ㇟䛸䛧䛯䜰䝹䝞䜲䝖䛾ືᶵ䛵䛡䛸⫋ົ‶㊊ᗘ䛸䛾㛵ಀ䜢᳨ウ䛧䛯◊✲䛜䛒䜛[14]䚹䛣䛾◊✲䛷䛿䚸⮬ᚊᛶ䛾㧗䛔ෆⓗㄪᩚ䚸⤫ྜⓗㄪᩚ䚸ྠ୍໬ⓗㄪᩚ䛿⫋ົ‶㊊ᗘ䛸䛾㛫䛻ṇ䛾┦㛵䛜䛒䜚䚸⮬ᚊᛶ䛾ప䛔እⓗㄪᩚ䜔ྲྀ䜚ධ䜜ⓗㄪᩚ䛿⫋ົ‶㊊ᗘ䛸䛾㛫䛻᭷ព䛺┦㛵䛿ぢ䜙䜜䛺䛛䛳䛯䚹䛴䜎䜚䚸⮬ᚊᛶ䛾㧗䛔ືᶵ䛵䛡䛷䛒䜛䜋䛹⫋ົ㐺ᛂ䛜Ⰻ䛔䛣䛸䛜♧䛥䜜䛯䚹Ꮫ⩦䜔䝇䝫䞊䝒䛾㡿ᇦ䛷䛿䚸⤫ྜⓗㄪᩚ䜘䜚䜒䛥䜙䛻⮬ᚊᛶ䛾㧗䛔ືᶵ䛵䛡䛸䛧䛶䚸ෆⓗㄪᩚ䚸䛴䜎䜚ෆⓎⓗືᶵ䛵䛡䜢ྵ䜑䛯᳨ウ䜢⾜䛖䛣䛸䛜ከ䛔䛜䚸චチ㏉⣡䛷䛿ෆⓎⓗືᶵ䛵䛡䛻ᇶ䛵䛟䛣䛸䛿䜋䛸䜣䛹䛺䛔䛸ᛮ䜟䜜䜛䚹චチ䜢㏉⣡䛩䜛䛣䛸⮬య䛻⏕᮶䛾⯆࿡䜔ᴦ䛧䛥䜢ឤ䛨䜛䛣䛸䛿⪃䛘䛻䛟䛟䚸䜋䛸䜣䛹䛾ே䛿እⓎⓗືᶵ䛵䛡䛻ᇶ䛵䛔䛶㏉⣡䜢䛧䛶䛔䜛䛸⪃䛘䜙䜜䜛䛯䜑䛷䛒䜛䚹䜎䛯䚸እⓎⓗືᶵ䛵䛡䛷䛒䛳䛶䜒䚸ᐙ᪘䛻ᙉไ䛥䜜䛶୙ᮏព䛻㏉⣡䛩䜛ሙྜ䛸䚸⮬ศ䛷㏉⣡䛩䜛ᖺ㱋䜢Ỵ䜑䛶⣡ᚓ䛧䛶㏉⣡䛩䜛ሙྜ䛸䛷䛿䚸ືᶵ䛵䛡䛾㉁䛻ᕪ䛜䛒䜛䛸⪃䛘䜙䜜䜛䚹䛣䛾Ⅼ䜢ᤊ䛘䜛䛯䜑䚸እⓎⓗືᶵ䛵䛡䜢」ᩘ䛾ẁ㝵䛛䜙ᤊ䛘䜛䛣䛸䛜䛷䛝䚸♫఍䜈䛾㐺ᛂ䛸䛾㛵ಀ䜒㆟ㄽ䛩䜛䛣䛸䛾䛷䛝䜛᭷ᶵⓗ⤫ྜ⌮ㄽ䛾どⅬ䛿᭷⏝䛷䛒䜛䛸⪃䛘䜙䜜䜛䚹᭷ᶵⓗ⤫ྜ⌮ㄽ䛾ほⅬ䛛䜙චチ㏉⣡䛾ືᶵ䛵䛡䛸㏉⣡ᚋ䛾⏕ά㐺ᛂ䛻䛴䛔䛶᳨ウ䛧䛯◊✲䛿䛣䜜䜎䛷ぢཷ䛡䜙䜜䛺䛔䛜䚸௨ୖ䛾⌮ㄽⓗᯟ⤌䜏䜔◊✲▱ぢ䛻ᇶ䛵䛟䛸䚸චチ㏉⣡䛻㛵䛧䛶䜒⮬ᚊᛶ䛾㧗䛔ືᶵ䛵䛡䛷䛒䜛䜋䛹䚸㏉⣡ᚋ䛾⏕ά䛻ᑐ䛩䜛㐺ᛂ䛜㧗䛟䛺䜛䛸⪃䛘䜙䜜䜛䚹ᮏ◊✲䛷䛿䛣䛾௬ㄝ䜢᳨ウ䛩䜛䛣䛸䛻䛧䛯䚹ϩ㸬᪉ἲཧຍ⪅㻌 ᰴᘧ఍♫䜽䝷䜴䝗䝽䞊䜽䝇䛾Ⓩ㘓⪅䛻ᑐ䛧䛶䚸චチ㏉⣡⤒㦂⪅䜢ᑐ㇟䛸䛧䛯ㄪᰝ༠ຊ䜢ồ
䜑䚸101 ྡ䠄⏨ᛶ 56 ྡ䚸ዪᛶ 42 ྡ䚸↓ᅇ⟅ 3 ྡ䠅䛛䜙ᅇ⟅䜢ᚓ䛯䚹ᖺ㱋ᵓᡂ䛿䚸50 ṓᮍ‶ 31 ྡ䚸
50 ṓ௦ 11 ྡ䚸60 ṓ௦䛜 21 ྡ䚸70 ṓ௦䛜 28 ྡ䚸80 ṓ௦䛜 10 ྡ䛷䛒䛳䛯䚹ㄪᰝ㡯┠㻌 චチ㏉⣡䛾ືᶵ䛵䛡䜢䚸እⓗㄪᩚ䚸ྲྀ䜚ධ䜜ⓗㄪᩚ䚸ྠ୍໬ⓗㄪᩚ䛾䛭䜜䛮䜜䛻䛴䛔䛶 5 㡯┠䚸ྜィ 15 㡯┠䛷 ᐃ䛧䛯䚹⤫ྜⓗㄪᩚ䛿䚸㐣ཤ䛾◊✲䛻䛚䛔䛶ྠ୍໬ⓗㄪᩚ䛸䛾ᕪ␗䜢ᢳฟ䛩䜛䛣䛸䛜㞴䛧䛔䛣䛸䛜▱䜙䜜䛶䛚䜚[15]䚸䛭䛾ᚋ䛾◊✲䛷䜒ᢅ䜟䜜䛶䛔䛺䛔䛣䛸䛜ከ䛔䛯䜑ᮏ◊✲䛷䜒ᑐ㇟䛸䛧䛺䛛䛳䛯䚹ㄪᰝ㡯┠䛾సᡂ䛻䛒䛯䛳䛶䛿䚸ᒣ᲍┴኱᭶ᕷ኱᭶㆙ᐹ⨫䛜䝩䞊䝮䝨䞊䝆[16]䛻බ㛤䛧䛶䛔䜛䛂㐠㌿චチド䜢⮬୺㏉⣡䛥䜜䛯᪉䛾ኌ䛃䛾୰䛛䜙䚸䛂චチ䛾⮬୺㏉⣡䜢Ỵ᩿䛧䛯⌮⏤䛃䛻㛵䛩䜛グ㏙䜢ཧ⪃䛻䛧䛶䚸ⴭ⪅ 2 ྡ䛷᭷ᶵⓗ⤫ྜ⌮ㄽ䛾ᴫᛕᐃ⩏䛻㐺ྜ䛩䜛䜘䛖䛻ㄪᰝ㡯┠䜢᳨ウ䛧䛯䚹䛭䛾㝿䚸ศ㔝䛿␗䛺䜛䛜ከᵝ䛺⾲⌧䛻䛴䛔䛶᝟ሗ䜢ᚓ䜛䛯䜑䚸኱Ꮫ๝ୖʀ‫آ‬ຌ ӣ఺໖‫ৄڒ‬͹ࣙकศ೴͹ಊ‫ͳ͜Ͱؽ‬ศ೴‫ޛ‬͹߀ෳ‫״‬͹‫ܐؖ‬⏕⏝Ꮫ⩦ືᶵ䛵䛡ᑻᗘ[17]䜒ཧ↷䛧䛯䚹㏉⣡ᚋᖾ⚟ᗘ䜒ୖグ䝩䞊䝮䝨䞊䝆䛾୰䛛䜙䚸䛂චチ䜢㏉⣡䛧䛶Ⰻ䛛䛳䛯䛸ឤ䛨䜛Ⅼ䛃䛾グ㏙䜢ཧ⪃䛻䛧䛶䚸12 㡯┠䜢᪂䛯䛻సᡂ䛧䛯䠄⾲ 3䠅䚹ᅇ⟅㑅ᢥ⫥䛿䛔䛪䜜䜒 5 ௳ἲ䠄1:඲䛟䛒䛶䛿䜎䜙䛺䛔䠉5:䛸䛶䜒䛒䛶䛿䜎䜛䠅䛸䛧䛯䚹ᡭ⥆ࡁ㻌 ㄪᰝ༠ຊ䜢ồ䜑䛯㝿䛻䚸౫㢗ෆᐜ䛿䛂චチ㏉⣡䛾⌮⏤䛸㏉⣡ᚋ䛾Ẽᣢ䛱䛻䛴䛔䛶ᅇ⟅䛩䜛䛣䛸䛃䚸ᅇ⟅᫬㛫䛿䛂5䡚10 ศ⛬ᗘ䠄㑅ᢥ⫥䛾䜏 30 ၥ䚸グ㏙ၥ㢟䛺䛧䠅䛃䛸ㄝ᫂䛧䛯䚹䜸䞁䝷䜲䞁ୖ䛷䛾ᩥᏐධຊ䛻㈇ᢸ䜢ឤ䛨䜛༠ຊ⪅䛜䛔䜛䛣䛸䜢᝿ᐃ䛧䛶䚸グ㏙ᘧ䛾ㄪᰝ㡯┠䛿ྵ䜑䛺䛛䛳䛯䚹ㄪᰝ䝣䜷䞊䝮䛾సᡂ䛸ᅇ⟅䛾཰㞟䛿 Google forms 䛷⾜䛳䛯䚹ṇ䛧䛔⟅䛘䜔ㄗ䛳䛯⟅䛘䛿䛺䛔䛣䛸䚸ㄪᰝ䛿༏ྡ䛷ᐇ᪋䛩䜛䛣䛸䚸䝕䞊䝍䛿◊✲┠ⓗ䛷䛾䜏౑⏝䛧䛶⤫ィⓗ䛻ฎ⌮䛩䜛䛣䛸䚸䛔䛴䛷䜒୰Ṇ䛷䛝䜛䛣䛸䜢ㄝ᫂䛧䛯ୖ䛷ྠព䛧䛯⪅䛻ᅇ⟅䜢౫㢗䛧䛯䚹ㄪᰝ䛿 2020 ᖺ 2 ᭶ 20 ᪥䛛䜙 3 ᭶
5 ᪥䛾㛫䛻ᐇ᪋䛧䛯䚹Ϫ㸬⤖ᯝጞ䜑䛻䚸ᅇ⟅⪅඲య䛷䛾චチ㏉⣡䛾ືᶵ䛵䛡䛸㏉⣡ᚋᖾ⚟ឤ䛾グ㏙⤫ィ್䜢ồ䜑䚸ᅇ⟅䛾ᖹᆒ್䜢ᅇ⟅㑅ᢥ⫥䛾୰Ⅼ䠄3 Ⅼ䠅䛸ẚ㍑䛧䛯䠄Table1䠅䚹䡐 ᳨ᐃ䛾⤖ᯝ䚸እⓗㄪᩚ䛿䛂ᐙ᪘䛻䛩䛩䜑䜙䜜䛯䛛䜙䛃䜢㝖䛔䛶୰Ⅼ䛸ᕪ䛜䛺䛔䚸䛒䜛䛔䛿୰Ⅼ䜘䜚䜒ప䛟䚸චチ㏉⣡䛾୺䛺⌮⏤䛸䛿䛺䛳䛶䛔䛺䛛䛳䛯䚹䛭䜜䛻ᑐ䛧䛶䚸ྲྀ䜚ධ䜜ⓗㄪᩚ䛸ྠ୍໬ⓗㄪᩚ䛿䚸䛂௚䛾ே䛾ぢᮏ䛻䛺䜛䛸ᛮ䛖䛛䜙䛃䜢㝖䛔䛶䛔䛪䜜䜒୰Ⅼ䜘䜚㧗䛟䚸චチ㏉⣡䛾⌮⏤䛸䛺䛳䛶䛔䜛䛣䛸䛜♧䛥䜜䛯䚹㏉⣡ᚋᖾ⚟ᗘ䛿䚸䛂ᐙ᪘䛾⤎䛜῝䛟䛺䛳䛯䛃䛂ᐙィ䛻వ⿱䛜⏕䜎䜜䛯䛃䛂㏉⣡䛧䛶䛔䛺䛔ே䛸䛾㛫䛻୙බᖹ䜢ឤ䛨䜛䠄*䠅䛃䛂㐠㌿䛧䛶䛔䜛ே䜢䛖䜙䜔䜎䛧䛔䛸ᛮ䛖䠄*䠅䛃䜢㝖䛔䛶୰Ⅼ䜘䜚㧗䛟䚸඲యⓗ䛻䝫䝆䝔䜱䝤䛺ホ౯䛷䛒䛳䛯䚹䛯䛰䛧䚸䛂⏕ά䛜୙౽䛻䛺䛳䛯䠄*䠅䛃䛂እฟ䛾ᶵ఍䛜ῶ䛳䛯䠄*䠅䛃䜒୰Ⅼ䜘䜚䜒㧗䛟䚸୍㒊䛷䝛䜺䝔䜱䝤䛺ホ౯䜒ぢཷ䛡䜙䜜䛯䚹ḟ䛻䚸ኚᩘ䛤䛸䛾ᅇ⟅䛾㞟⣙ྍ⬟ᛶ䜢᳨ウ䛩䜛䛯䜑䚸ಙ㢗ᛶศᯒ䜢⾜䛳䛯䚹㏉⣡ᚋᖾ⚟ឤ䛾 4
䛴䛾㏫㌿㡯┠䛿䚸ᚓⅬ䜢㏫㌿䛧䛶䛛䜙ศᯒ䜢⾜䛳䛯䚹䛭䛾⤖ᯝ䚸ྛኚᩘ䛾ෆⓗᩚྜᛶ䛻䛿ᴫ䛽ၥ㢟䛜䛺䛔䛣䛸䛜♧䛥䜜䛯䠄እⓗㄪᩚ: α = .74; ྲྀ䜚ධ䜜ⓗㄪᩚ: α = .85; ྠ୍໬ⓗㄪᩚ: α = .82;㏉⣡ᚋᖾ⚟ᗘ: α = .71䠅䚹ᚑ䛳䛶䚸௨ୗ䛾ศᯒ䛷䛿䛭䜜䛮䜜䛾ᖹᆒ್䜢౑⏝䛧䛯䚹᭷ᶵⓗ⤫ྜ⌮ㄽ䛻ᇶ䛵䛟㐣ཤ䛾◊✲䛾ከ䛟䛿䚸ྛㄪᩚ䛜⮬ᚊᛶ䛾୍ḟඖୖ䛻㓄⨨䛥䜜䜛䛸䛔䛖ᴫᛕᐃ⩏䛻ᇶ䛵䛝䚸ᴫᛕⓗ䛻㞄䜚ྜ䛖ືᶵ䛵䛡㛫䛾┦㛵䛿㧗䛟䚸㝸䛯䜛䜋䛹┦㛵䛜ప䛟䛺䜛䛸䛔䛖䝅䞁䝥䝺䝑䜽䝇ᵓ㐀䜢๓ᥦ䛸䛧䛶䛔䜛䛜䚸ᮏ◊✲䛻䛚䛔䛶䜒䛣䛾䝟䝍䞊䞁䛿☜ㄆ䛥䜜䛯䚹䛩䛺䜟䛱䚸ᴫᛕⓗ䛻㞄䜚ྜ䛖እⓗㄪᩚ䛸ྲྀ䜚ධ䜜ⓗㄪᩚ䠄r = .374䠅䚸䛚䜘䜃ྲྀ䜚ධ䜜ⓗㄪᩚ䛸ྠ୍໬ⓗㄪᩚ䠄r = .644䠅䛾┦㛵ಀᩘ䛿䚸ᴫᛕⓗ䛻㝸䛯䜚䛾䛒䜛እⓗㄪᩚ䛸ྠ୍໬ⓗㄪᩚ䠄r = .342䠅䛾┦㛵ಀᩘ䜘䜚䜒್䛿㧗䛛䛳䛯
䠄Table2䠅䚹᭱ᚋ䛻䚸ᮏ◊✲䛾௬ㄝ䜢᳨ウ䛩䜛䛯䜑䚸ྛㄪᩚ䛸㏉⣡ᚋᖾ⚟ᗘ䛾┦㛵ศᯒ䜢⾜䛳䛯䚹䛭䛾⤖ᯝ䚸እⓗㄪᩚ䛸㏉⣡ᚋᖾ⚟ᗘ䛿↓┦㛵䠄r = .141, p = .159䠅䛷䛒䛳䛯䛜䚸ྲྀ䜚ධ䜜ⓗㄪᩚ䛸㏉⣡ᚋᖾ⚟ᗘ䠄r = .352, p < .001䠅䚸䛚䜘䜃ྠ୍໬ⓗㄪᩚ䠄r = .429, p < .001䠅䛸㏉⣡ᚋᖾ⚟ᗘ䛾㛫䛻䛿᭷ព䛺ṇ䛾┦㛵䛜ㄆ䜑䜙䜜䛯䠄Table2䠅䚹
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๝ୖʀ‫آ‬ຌ ӣ఺໖‫ৄڒ‬͹ࣙकศ೴͹ಊ‫ͳ͜Ͱؽ‬ศ೴‫ޛ‬͹߀ෳ‫״‬͹‫ܐؖ‬

Table1㻌 ㄪᰝ㡯┠䛾グ㏙⤫ィ್
ኚᩘྡ

㡯┠ෆᐜ

SD

୰Ⅼ䛸䛾ᕪ

እⓗㄪᩚ 1ᐙ᪘䛻䛩䛩䜑䜙䜜䛯䛛䜙

3.36

1.46

.016

እⓗㄪᩚ 2▱䜚ྜ䛔䠄཭㐩䛺䛹䠅䛻䛩䛩䜑䜙䜜䛯䛛䜙

2.58

1.28

.002

እⓗㄪᩚ 3ᐙ᪘➼䛻䛧䛴䛣䛟ゝ䜟䜜䛯䛛䜙

2.89

1.43

.445

እⓗㄪᩚ 4㐠㌿⤒Ṕド᫂᭩䛺䛹䛾≉඾䛜䜒䜙䛘䜛䛛䜙

2.66

1.29

.010

እⓗㄪᩚ 5䛚㔠䛜⠇⣙䛷䛝䜛䛛䜙

2.91

1.29

.489

ྲྀ䜚ධ䜜ⓗㄪᩚ 1஦ᨾ䜢㉳䛣䛥䛺䛔䛛୙Ᏻ䛰䛳䛯䛛䜙

4.11

0.89

.000

ྲྀ䜚ධ䜜ⓗㄪᩚ 2ᖺ㱋䜢ឤ䛨䛯䛛䜙

3.57

1.26

.000

ྲྀ䜚ධ䜜ⓗㄪᩚ 3௚ே䛻㏞ᝨ䜢䛛䛡䛯䛟䛺䛛䛳䛯䛛䜙

4.07

1.01

.000

ྲྀ䜚ධ䜜ⓗㄪᩚ 4ᚋ᜼䛧䛯䛟䛺䛛䛳䛯䛛䜙

3.72

1.03

.000

ྲྀ䜚ධ䜜ⓗㄪᩚ 5㧗㱋⪅䛾஦ᨾ䛾䝙䝳䞊䝇䜢⪥䛻䛧䛯䛛䜙

3.66

1.27

.000

ྠ୍໬ⓗㄪᩚ 1⮬ศ䛻ᚲせ䛺䛣䛸䛰䛸ᛮ䛳䛯䛛䜙

3.91

0.94

.000

ྠ୍໬ⓗㄪᩚ 2ୡ䛾୰䛾䛯䜑䛻䛺䜛䛸ᛮ䛳䛯䛛䜙

3.55

1.18

.000

ྠ୍໬ⓗㄪᩚ 3኱ษ䛺䛣䛸䛰䛸⪃䛘䛯䛛䜙

3.93

1.03

.000

ྠ୍໬ⓗㄪᩚ 4௚䛾ே䛾ぢᮏ䛻䛺䜛䛸ᛮ䛖䛛䜙

2.98

1.17

.866

ྠ୍໬ⓗㄪᩚ 5⮬ศ䛷Ỵ䜑䛯䛣䛸䛰䛛䜙

4.19

1.00

.000

㏉⣡ᚋᖾ⚟ᗘ 1

චチ䜢㏉⣡䛧䛶Ⰻ䛛䛳䛯

3.83

1.03

.000

㏉⣡ᚋᖾ⚟ᗘ 2ே䛻㏞ᝨ䜢䛛䛡䛺䛟䛶Ⰻ䛛䛳䛯

4.21

0.92

.000

㏉⣡ᚋᖾ⚟ᗘ 3Ṍ䛟ᶵ఍䛜ቑ䛘䛶೺ᗣ䛻䛺䛳䛯

3.60

1.11

.000

㏉⣡ᚋᖾ⚟ᗘ 4⮬↛䜢㌟㏆䛻ឤ䛨䜛䜘䛖䛻䛺䛳䛯

3.47

1.11

.000

㏉⣡ᚋᖾ⚟ᗘ 5

බඹ஺㏻ᶵ㛵䠄䝞䝇䚸䝍䜽䝅䞊䛺䛹䠅䜢฼⏝䛩䜛ᶵ఍䛜ቑ䛘䛯

3.90

1.17

.000

㏉⣡ᚋᖾ⚟ᗘ 6ᐙ᪘䛾⤎䛜῝䛟䛺䛳䛯

3.18

1.08

.101

㏉⣡ᚋᖾ⚟ᗘ 7ᐙィ䛻వ⿱䛜⏕䜎䜜䛯

3.11

1.02

.285

㏉⣡ᚋᖾ⚟ᗘ 8

ᚰ㌟䛸䜒䛻ᴦ䛻䛺䛳䛯

3.56

1.00

.000

㏉⣡ᚋᖾ⚟ᗘ 9⏕ά䛜୙౽䛻䛺䛳䛯䠄*䠅

3.59

1.05

.000

㏉⣡ᚋᖾ⚟ᗘ 10እฟ䛾ᶵ఍䛜ῶ䛳䛯䠄*䠅

3.40

1.17

.001

㏉⣡ᚋᖾ⚟ᗘ 11㏉⣡䛧䛶䛔䛺䛔ே䛸䛾㛫䛻୙බᖹ䜢ឤ䛨䜛䠄*䠅

2.81

1.10

.089

㏉⣡ᚋᖾ⚟ᗘ 12㐠㌿䛧䛶䛔䜛ே䜢䛖䜙䜔䜎䛧䛔䛸ᛮ䛖䠄*䠅

2.88

1.17

.309

*䛿㏫㌿㡯┠䚸୰Ⅼ䠄=3䠅䛸䛾ᕪ䛿 t ᳨ᐃ䛻䛚䛡䜛 p ್䜢♧䛩䚹




M

๝ୖʀ‫آ‬ຌ ӣ఺໖‫ৄڒ‬͹ࣙकศ೴͹ಊ‫ͳ͜Ͱؽ‬ศ೴‫ޛ‬͹߀ෳ‫״‬͹‫ܐؖ‬

Table2㻌 ືᶵ䛵䛡䛾ྛㄪᩚ䛸㏉⣡ᚋᖾ⚟ᗘ䛾┦㛵㛵ಀእⓗㄪᩚྲྀ䜚ධ䜜ⓗㄪᩚ

ྲྀ䜚ධ䜜ⓗㄪᩚ

.374**

ྠ୍໬ⓗㄪᩚ

.342**.644**㏉⣡ᚋᖾ⚟ᗘ

.141.352****

ྠ୍໬ⓗㄪᩚ

.429**

p < .01ϫ㸬⪃ᐹᮏ◊✲䛿᭷ᶵⓗ⤫ྜ⌮ㄽ䛾ほⅬ䛛䜙䚸චチ㏉⣡䛾ືᶵ䛵䛡䛻㛵䛩䜛ㄪᰝ㡯┠䜢సᡂ䛧䚸ᐇ㝿䛾චチ㏉⣡⪅䛜䛹䛾䜘䛖䛺ືᶵ䛵䛡䛻ᇶ䛵䛔䛶㏉⣡䜢⾜䛳䛯䛾䛛䜢☜ㄆ䛩䜛䛸䛸䜒䛻䚸ྛືᶵ䛵䛡䛸㏉⣡ᚋ䛾ᖾ⚟ឤ䛻䛹䛾䜘䛖䛺㛵ಀ䛜䛒䜛䛾䛛䜢᳨ウ䛧䛯䚹ືᶵ䛵䛡䛸ᖾ⚟ឤ䛾㛵ಀ䛻䛴䛔䛶ᮏ◊✲䛷タᐃ䛧䛯௬ㄝ䛿䚸⮬ᚊᛶ䛾㧗䛔ືᶵ䛵䛡䛻ᇶ䛵䛔䛶㏉⣡䛩䜛䜋䛹㏉⣡ᚋ䛾ᖾ⚟ឤ䛿㧗䛔䛸䛔䛖䜒䛾䛷䛒䛳䛯䚹䛣䜜䜎䛷᭷ᶵⓗ⤫ྜ⌮ㄽ䛾ほⅬ䛛䜙චチ㏉⣡䛾ືᶵ䛵䛡䛻䛴䛔䛶᳨ウ䛧䛯◊✲䛿ぢཷ䛡䜙䜜䛺䛔䛯䜑䚸ㄪᰝ㡯┠䛾సᡂ䛛䜙╔ᡭ䛧䛯䛜䚸⌮ㄽ䛜௬ᐃ䛩䜛ᴫᛕ㛫䛾┦㛵ಀᩘ䛻䛴䛔䛶䝅䞁䝥䝺䝑䜽䝇ᵓ㐀䛜♧䛥䜜䚸 ᐃ䛾ጇᙜᛶ䛻㛵䛩䜛ᇶ‽䛾୍䛴䜢‶䛯䛩䛣䛸䛜䛷䛝䛯䚹䜎䛯ྛኚᩘ䛾ෆⓗᩚྜᛶ䛻䜒ၥ㢟䛿䛺䛟䚸ಙ㢗ᛶ䛾ᇶ‽䛾୍䛴䜒‶䛯䛩䛣䛸䛜䛷䛝䛯䛸⪃䛘䜙䜜䜛䚹චチ㏉⣡⪅䛜䛹䛾䜘䛖䛺ືᶵ䛵䛡䛻ᇶ䛵䛔䛶䛔䛯䛛䛸䛔䛖Ⅼ䛻䛴䛔䛶䛿䚸ᮏ◊✲䛾ㄪᰝᑐ㇟⪅䛻䛚䛔䛶䛿䚸୺䛻ྲྀ䜚ධ䜜ⓗㄪᩚ䛸ྠ୍໬ⓗㄪᩚ䛻䜘䛳䛶㏉⣡䛜䛺䛥䜜䛶䛚䜚䚸䛂ᐙ᪘䛻䛩䛩䜑䜙䜜䛯䛛䜙䛃䜢㝖䛔䛶እⓗㄪᩚ䛜୺䛺⌮⏤䛻䛺䜛䛣䛸䛿䛺䛛䛳䛯䚹䛴䜎䜚䚸௚⪅䛛䜙䛾ᙉไ䜔≉඾฼⏝┠ⓗ䛻䜘䜛䛾䛷䛿䛺䛟䚸஦ᨾ䜢㉳䛣䛩䛣䛸䛾୙Ᏻ䜢ᅇ㑊䛧䛯䛔䛸⪃䛘䛯䜚䚸⮬䜙䛭䛾ᚲせᛶ䜢ឤ䛨䛶㏉⣡䛧䛶䛔䛯䚹
ᮏ◊✲䛾௬ㄝ䛾᳨ウ䚸䛩䛺䜟䛱චチ㏉⣡䛾ືᶵ䛵䛡䛸㏉⣡ᚋ䛾ᖾ⚟ឤ䛾㛫䛾┦㛵㛵ಀ䛻䛴䛔䛶䛿䚸እⓗㄪᩚ䛷䛿↓┦㛵䚸ྲྀ䜚ධ䜜ⓗㄪᩚ䛸ྠ୍໬ⓗㄪᩚ䛷䛿᭷ព䛺ṇ䛾┦㛵䛜♧䛥䜜䛯䚹᭷ពᛶ䜢㝖䛟┦㛵ಀᩘ䛾ゎ㔘䛻䛴䛔䛶䛿᫂☜䛺ᇶ‽䛿䛺䛔䛜䚸.40 ௨ୖ䜢䛂ẚ㍑ⓗᙉ䛔┦㛵䛒䜚䛃䛸䛩䜛ぢ᪉䛜䛒䜚[18]䚸ᮏ◊✲䛾⤖ᯝ䛻䛚䛔䛶䛿ྠ୍໬ⓗㄪᩚ䛾䜏䛜䛣䜜䛻┦ᙜ䛩䜛䚹䛩䛺䜟䛱䚸እⓗㄪᩚ䜔ྲྀ䜚ධ䜜ⓗㄪᩚ䛜䛺䛥䜜䛯䛛ྰ䛛䜘䜚䜒䚸ྠ୍໬ⓗㄪᩚ䛜䛺䛥䜜䛯䛛ྰ䛛䛜䚸㏉⣡ᚋ䛾ᖾ⚟ឤ䜢ᕥྑ䛩䜛ྍ⬟ᛶ䛜♧䛥䜜䚸䛂⮬ᚊᛶ䛾㧗䛔ືᶵ䛵䛡䛷䛒䜛䜋䛹䚸㏉⣡ᚋ䛾⏕ά䛻ᑐ䛩䜛㐺ᛂ䛜㧗䛟䛺䜛䛃䛸䛾ᮏ◊✲䛾௬ㄝ䛿ᨭᣢ䛥䜜䛯䛸ゝ䛘䜛䚹䛣䛾⤖ᯝ䛿䚸ᗎㄽ䛷㏙䜉䛯Ꮫᴗ㡿ᇦ䜔⫋ົ㡿ᇦ䛾◊✲▱ぢ䛸䜒ᩚྜ䛩䜛⤖ᯝ䛷䛒䜚䚸᭷ᶵⓗ⤫ྜ⌮ㄽ䜢චチ㏉⣡䛸䛔䛖Ᏻ඲㡿ᇦ䛻䜒㐺⏝ྍ⬟䛷䛒䜛䛣䛸䜢ព࿡䛩䜛䚹ᮏ◊✲䛾▱ぢ䛿䚸䛣䛾䜘䛖䛺Ꮫ⾡ⓗព⩏䛻ຍ䛘䛶䚸චチ㏉⣡䛾ಁ㐍᪉ἲ䜢㆟ㄽ䛩䜛䛣䛸䜢ྍ⬟䛸䛧䚸♫఍ⓗព⩏䜒᭷䛩䜛䛸⪃䛘䜙䜜䜛䚹௨ୖ䛾⤖ᯝ䜢㋃䜎䛘䜛䛺䜙䜀䚸㏉⣡ᚋ䛾ᖾ⚟ᗘ䜢㧗䛟⥔ᣢ䛩䜛䛯䜑䛻䛿䚸እⓗㄪᩚ䜔ྲྀ䜚ධ䜜ⓗㄪᩚ䜘䜚䜒䛥䜙䛻⮬ᚊᛶ䛾㧗䛔ྠ୍໬ⓗㄪᩚ䛻⛣⾜䛩䜛䜘䛖䛺ᨭ᥼䛜᭷ຠ䛷䛒䜛䛣䛸䛜♧၀䛥䜜䜛䚹䛭䜜䛷䛿䚸ྠ୍໬ⓗㄪᩚ䛻䜘䛳䛶㏉⣡䛜䛺䛥䜜䜛䜘䛖䛻䛩䜛䛯䜑䛻䛿䚸ලయⓗ䛻䛹䛾䜘䛖䛺᪉ἲ䜢䛸䜛䛣䛸䛜䛷䛝䜛䛷䛒䜝䛖䛛䚹⮬ᕫỴᐃ⌮ㄽ䛻䜘䜛䛸䚸ே䚻䛜⏕ᚓⓗ䛻ᣢ䛴 3 䛴䛾ᇶᮏḧồ䠄᭷⬟ᛶ䚸㛵ಀᛶ䚸⮬ᚊᛶ䠅䜢‶䛯䛩䛣䛸䛜㘽䛻䛺䜛䛸䛥䜜䜛[11][12]䚹䛣䛾䛖䛱䛂᭷⬟ᛶ䛃䛿䚸ຠຊឤ䜔⇍㐩䛻㛵䛩䜛ḧồ䛷䛒䜚䚸චチ㏉⣡䛾౛䛷䛿䚸㏉⣡ᚋ䛾⏕ά䛻䛖䜎䛟㐺ᛂ䛷䛝䜛䛣䛸䜢ព࿡䛩䜛䛸⪃䛘䜙䜜䜛䚹⮬ື㌴䜢౑⏝䛧䛺䛟䛶䜒⏕ά䛻୙⮬⏤䛜⏕䛨䛺䛔䛣䛸䚸⮬ศ䜙䛧䛥䜢Ⓨ᥹䛧⥆䛡䜛䛣䛸䛜๝ୖʀ‫آ‬ຌ ӣ఺໖‫ৄڒ‬͹ࣙकศ೴͹ಊ‫ͳ͜Ͱؽ‬ศ೴‫ޛ‬͹߀ෳ‫״‬͹‫ܐؖ‬䛷䛝䜛䛣䛸䛺䛹䛷䛒䜝䛖䚹ḟ䛻䛂㛵ಀᛶ䛃䛿䚸♫఍ⓗ䛺䛴䛺䛜䜚䛻㛵䛩䜛ḧồ䛷䛒䜚䚸චチ㏉⣡䛾౛䛷䛿䚸㏉⣡ᚋ䜒ᐙ᪘䜔࿘䜚䛾ே䚻䛸䛾཭ዲⓗ䛺㛵ಀ䜢⥔ᣢ䛧䚸ᚲせ䛻ᛂ䛨䛶ᨭ᥼䜢ᚓ䛯䜚䚸䜎䛯⮬ศ䛛䜙䜒ᨭ᥼䜢ᥦ౪䛧䛯䜚䛷䛝䜛䛣䛸䜢ព࿡䛩䜛䛸⪃䛘䜙䜜䜛䚹᭱ᚋ䛻䛂⮬ᚊᛶ䛃䛿䚸⮬ศ䛾⤒㦂䜔⾜ື䜢⮬ศ⮬㌟䛷ไᚚ䛧䛯䛔䛸䛔䛖ḧồ䛷䛒䜚䚸⮬ศ䛾ពᛮ䛷㏉⣡䛩䜛䛸䛔䛖ឤぬ䜔䚸㏉⣡ᚋ䛾⏕ά䛻䜒ᵝ䚻䛺㑅ᢥ⫥䛜䛒䜚䚸⮬ศ䛷㑅䜆䛣䛸䛜䛷䛝䜛䛣䛸䜢ព࿡䛩䜛䛸⪃䛘䜙䜜䜛䚹䛣䛾 3 䛴䛾ḧồ䛜‶䛯䛥䜜䛯᫬䛻䚸⮬ᚊᛶ䛾ప䛔ືᶵ䛵䛡䛿䚸⮬ᚊᛶ䛾㧗䛔ືᶵ䛵䛡䛻⛣⾜䛩䜛䛸⪃䛘䜙䜜䛶䛔䜛䚹௨ୖ䛾㆟ㄽ䜢㋃䜎䛘䛶䚸♫఍䚸ᆅᇦ䛾䝁䝭䝳䝙䝔䜱䚸ᐙ᪘䜔㌟㏆䛺ே䚻䛜ྲྀ䜚䛖䜛ᨭ᥼䛻䛴䛔䛶⪃ᐹ䛩䜛䚹䜎䛪♫఍䛿䚸㏉⣡ᚋ䛾஺㏻ᡭẁ䛻䛴䛔䛶」ᩘ䛾㑅ᢥ⫥䜢⏝ព䛩䜛䛣䛸䛜Ⰻ䛔䛸ᛮ䜟䜜䜛䚹䝁䝭䝳䝙䝔䜱䝞䝇䛸஌䜚ྜ䛔䝍䜽䝅䞊䛾ే⏝䛺䛹䚸㏉⣡⪅䛜⮬䜙䛾⪃䛘䛷⾜ື䜢㑅ᢥ䛷䛝䜛䜘䛖䛻♫఍䛾௙⤌䜏䜢ᕤኵ䛧䛶䛔䛟䛣䛸䛜᭷ຠ䛷䛒䜛䛸⪃䛘䜙䜜䜛䚹㈝⏝㠃䛷䛾㈇ᢸឤ䜢ῶ䜙䛩䛣䛸䜒㔜せ䛷䛒䜚䚸㏉⣡๓䜘䜚䜒㈝⏝㈇ᢸ䛜ቑ䛘䛺䛔㑅ᢥ⫥䛜」ᩘ䛒䜛䛣䛸䛜ዲ䜎䛧䛔䛷䛒䜝䛖䚹ḟ䛻䚸ᆅᇦ䛾䝁䝭䝳䝙䝔䜱䛿䚸චチ㏉⣡䛻䛴䛔䛶᫬㛫䜢䛛䛡䛶⪃䛘䛯䜚䚸ྠୡ௦䛾཭ே䜙䛸ヰ䛧ྜ䛳䛯䜚䛩䜛ሙ䜢⏝ព䛩䜛䛣䛸䛜Ⰻ䛔䛸ᛮ䜟䜜䜛䚹䛣䛾䜘䛖䛺ሙ䛷䛿䚸㧗㱋⪅䛾஺㏻஦ᨾ䛾༴㝤ᛶ䜢ᙉㄪ䛧䛯ㄝᚓ䜢⾜䛔䛜䛱䛷䛒䜛䛜䚸䛭䜜䛰䛡䛷䛿䛺䛟䚸㏉⣡ᚋ䛾⏕ά䛻㛵䛩䜛୙Ᏻ䜢ῶ䜙䛩䛣䛸䛾䛷䛝䜛ᕤኵ䛜ᚲせ䛷䛒䜛䚹౛䛘䜀䚸௦᭰䛸䛺䜛஺㏻ᡭẁ䜔㈝⏝䛻㛵䛩䜛᝟ሗ䜢ᥦ౪䛧䛯䜚䚸᪤䛻㏉⣡䛧䛯ே䛛䜙ヰ䜢⪺䛔䛯䜚䛩䜛ᶵ఍䜢ᥦ౪䛩䜛᪉ἲ䛜䛒䜛䚹䛭䛧䛶ᐙ᪘䜔㌟㏆䛺ே䚻䛿䚸㏉⣡ᚋ䛾⏕άᨭ᥼䛻䛴䛔䛶ලయⓗ䛺ヰ䜢䛧䛯䜚䚸ᮏே䛜ᚓព䛺䛣䛸䛻䛴䛔䛶ᨭ᥼䜢ồ䜑䛯䜚䛩䜛䛺䛹䚸௒䜎䛷䜘䜚୍ᒙ䛾Ⰻዲ䛺㛵ಀᵓ⠏䜢ᚰ䛜䛡䜛䛸Ⰻ䛔䛸ᛮ䜟䜜䜛䚹᭱ᚋ䛻䚸ᮏ◊✲䛻ṧ䛥䜜䛯ㄢ㢟䛸௒ᚋ䛾ᒎᮃ䜢㏙䜉䜛䚹ᮏ◊✲䛷䛿䚸ᒃఫᆅᇦ䛻㛵䛩䜛᝟ሗ䜢ᚓ䛺䛛䛳䛯䛜䚸㒔ᕷ䛸ᆅ᪉䛷䛿⏕ά䛾䛯䜑䛻㐠㌿䛜ᚲせ䛸䛺䜛ᗘྜ䛔䛜␗䛺䜛䛸ᛮ䜟䜜䜛䚹䛭䛾䛯䜑䚸㏉⣡䛧䛯䛔䛸䛔䛖⪃䛘䜢ᣢ䛳䛶䛔䛶䜒㏉⣡䛷䛝䛺䛔ே䛜䛔䜛ྍ⬟ᛶ䛜䛒䜛䚹ᚑ䛳䛶䚸ᒃఫᆅᇦ䛻䛴䛔䛶䜒᝟ሗ䜢㞟䜑䚸ືᶵ䛵䛡䛸ᖾ⚟ᗘ䛸䛾㛵㐃䜢ヲ⣽䛻᳨ウ䛩䜛䛣䛸䛜ᚲせ䛷䛒䜝䛖䚹䜎䛯䚸௒ᅇ䛿⮬ᚊᛶ䛾㧗䛔ືᶵ䛵䛡䛷䛒䜛䜋䛹㏉⣡ᚋ䛾ᖾ⚟ᗘ䛜㧗䛔䛸䛾௬ㄝ䜢᳨ウ䛧䛯䛜䚸┦㛵㛵ಀ䛾᳨ウ䛻䛸䛹䜎䜚䚸ᅉᯝ㛵ಀ䛾᳨ウ䛿䛷䛝䛶䛔䛺䛔䚹௒ᚋ䚸ඛ㏙䛧䛯 3 䛴䛾ḧồ䜢඘㊊䛩䜛䛯䜑䛾௓ධᐇ㊶䜢⾜䛔䚸䛭䛾ຠᯝ䜢ᐇドⓗ䛻᳨ウ䛩䜛䛣䛸䛜ᚲせ䛷䛒䜝䛖䚹ὀ㔘ᮏㄽᩥ䛿䚸➨஧ⴭ⪅䛜➨୍ⴭ⪅䛾ᣦᑟ䛾ୗసᡂ䛧䛯༞ᴗ◊✲䜢ຍ➹䚸ಟṇ䛧䛯䜒䛾䛷䛒䜛䚹

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๝ୖʀ‫آ‬ຌ ӣ఺໖‫ৄڒ‬͹ࣙकศ೴͹ಊ‫ͳ͜Ͱؽ‬ศ೴‫ޛ‬͹߀ෳ‫״‬͹‫ܐؖ‬ᘬ⏝ᩥ⊩[1] ෆ㛶ᗓ䠄2020䠅. ஺㏻Ᏻ඲ⓑ᭩㻌 ௧࿴䠎ᖺ∧㻌 ຾⨾༳ๅ[2] Cushman, L. A. (1996). Cogtnivie and concurrent driving performance in older drivers. IATSS
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[12] Ryan, R.M. & Deci, E. L. (2017). Self-determination theory: Basic psychological needs inmotivation, development, and wellness. New York, London: The Guilford Press.
[13] Ọస᤬䞉᪂஭㑥஧㑻 (2005). ⮬ᚊⓗ㧗ᰯ㐍Ꮫືᶵ䛸Ꮫᰯ㐺ᛂ䞉୙㐺ᛂ䛻㛵䛩䜛▷ᮇ⦪᩿ⓗ᳨ウ㻌 ᩍ⫱ᚰ⌮Ꮫ◊✲, 53, 516-528.
[14] 㜅⍅䞉ᇼෆᏕ (2017). ᅾ᪥እᅜே␃Ꮫ⏕䜢ᑐ㇟䛸䛧䛯䜰䝹䝞䜲䝖ືᶵ䛵䛡ᑻᗘ䛾సᡂ㻌 䝟䞊䝋䝘䝸䝔䜱◊✲, 26, 99-108.
[15] Vallerand, R. J., Pelletier, L. G., Blais, M. R., Bi㽳re, N. M., Sen㽴cal, C., & Vallieres, E. F. (1992).
The academic motivation scale: a measure of intrinsic, extrinsic, and amotivation in education.
Educational and Psychological Measurement, 52, 1003-1017.
[16] ᒣ᲍┴㆙ᐹ (2018). ኱᭶㆙ᐹ⨫/㐠㌿චチド䜢⮬୺㏉⣡䛥䜜䛯᪉䛾ኌ
https://www.pref.yamanashi.jp/police/otsuki-ps/koutu/documents/hennou-hennousyanokoe.pdf[17] ᒸ⏣ᾴ䞉୰㇂⣲அ (2006). ືᶵ䛵䛡䝇䝍䜲䝹䛜ㄢ㢟䜈䛾⯆࿡䛻ཬ䜌䛩ᙳ㡪—⮬ᕫỴᐃ⌮ㄽ䛾ᯟ⤌䜏䛛䜙―㻌 ᩍ⫱ᚰ⌮Ꮫ◊✲, 54, 1-11.
[18] ᳃ᩄ᫛䞉ྜྷ⏣ᑑኵ䠄⦅ⴭ䠅 (1990). ᚰ⌮Ꮫ䛾䛯䜑䛾䝕䞊䝍ゎᯒ䝔䜽䝙䜹䝹䝤䝑䜽㻌 ໭኱㊰᭩
ᡣ

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๝ୖʀ‫آ‬ຌ ӣ఺໖‫ৄڒ‬͹ࣙकศ೴͹ಊ‫ͳ͜Ͱؽ‬ศ೴‫ޛ‬͹߀ෳ‫״‬͹‫ܐؖ‬

Relationship between motivation for voluntary returning driver’s licenseand happiness in later life

Junko Toyosawa & Yuri Iwamoto
Division of Health and Safety Sciences Education,
Department of Educational Collaboration

In recent years, traffic fatal accidents caused by elderly drivers have been widelyreported, and public interest in returning licenses has been increasing. In order topromote the voluntarily return of licenses for the drivers, it is necessary to consider theadaptation to life after they returned the licenses. This study focused on the quality ofmotivation from the viewpoint of organismic integration theory (OIT), one of the mini
theories of self-determination theory (SDT), and examined the relationship between the
motivation in returning the licenses and happiness after they returned the licenses.
The results of an online survey of 101 people who had already returned the licenses
showed that the correlation coefficient of motivation and happiness was higher on moreautonomous motivation (identified regulation) than less autonomous motivation(external, and introjected regulation). This result suggests that more autonomous
motivation is desirable for better life adaptation after they returned the licenses.
According to OIT, three fundamental needs (competence, relatedness, and autonomy) are
important for promoting autonomous motivation, the practical way to support thefulfillment of these needs was discussed.

Key Words: voluntary returning driver’s license, self-determination theory, organismic
integration theory, happiness, motivationָߏ҈સਬ਒ιϱνʖ‫ن‬གྷ ୊  ‫ת‬
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̿ࢺ࣐ࣛ࢘࢖ࣥࣇ࢛࣮࣒ࢻࢣ࢔ࡢᐇ㊶̿ ኱ᒸ⏤ె  ᒾษᫀᏹ ℧㔝ᥭ୕  ὸ஭㕥Ꮚ  ẖཎᩄ㑻 ṊᗜᕝዪᏊ኱Ꮫ ᏛᰯᏳ඲᥎㐍ࢭࣥࢱ࣮
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ࡗ࡚࠸ࡿ࡜⪃࠼ࡽࢀ࡚࠸ࡿࠋࡑࡢࡼ࠺࡞ࢺ࣐ࣛ࢘ࡢ⌮ゎ࡟ࡶ࡜࡙࠸ࡓᨭ᥼ࡀồࡵࡽࢀ࡚࠸
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࡛ࣝࢺ࣐ࣛ࢘࢖ࣥࣇ࢛࣮࣒ࢻ࡞᪉ἲࡢᐃ⩏ࡸ᫂☜໬ࠊ7,& ࡢᯟ⤌ࡳࡢ᪉㔪ࡸᐇ㊶ࠊ㛵ࢃࡿࢫࢱࢵࣇࡢព㆑ࡢᨵၿ࡟ྥࡅ࡚ࡢ᳨ウࡀ⾜ࢃࢀ࡚ࡁࡓࠋㅖእᅜ࡛ࡣࢺ࣐ࣛ࢘ࢆᢪ࠼࡚࠸ࡿே
࡟ࡶࡸࡉࡋ࠸⎔ቃ࡙ࡃࡾࡀ་⒪ࠊ⚟♴ࠊᩍ⫱ࠊ⾜ᨻࠊྖἲ࡞࡝ࡢศ㔝࡛ጞࡲࡗ࡚࠾ࡾࠊ࢔࣮
ࢺࢆ⏝࠸ࡓ 7,& ᐇ㊶ࡶࡑࡢ୰࡛ᒎ㛤ࡉࢀ࡚࠸ࡿࠋࡇࡇᩘᖺ࡛ࠊ໭⡿࡛ࡣ┦ḟ࠸࡛ࠊ7,& ࡜࢔࣮ࢺࢆ⤡ࡵࡓ᭩⡠ࡶฟ∧ࡉࢀࡿ࡟⮳ࡗ࡚࠸ࡿ㸦0DOFKLRGL(OHEUHFKW㸧>@>@ࠋ୉Ԯଠ ֈͳ͏͑න‫׈ݳ‬ಊΝ௪͢ͱ‫͚ͱ͓ݡ‬Ζࢢʹ΍࣎େ͹φϧΤϜࡶࡕࢁࢇࠊ࢔࣮ࢺࡣ 7,& ࡢᐇ㊶ࡀጞࡲࡿ௨๓࠿ࡽࡑࡢຠᯝࡀᮇᚅࡉࢀࠊⱁ⾡⒪ἲࡸ࢔࣮ࢺ
ࢭࣛࣆ࣮࡜࠸࠺ᙧ࡛ࠊ⢭⚄⛉἞⒪ࡢ୍⎔࡜ࡋ࡚ά⏝ࡉࢀ࡚ࡁࡓࠋ࣮࢜ࢫࢺࣛࣜ࢔࣭ࢲࢵࢡࢫ
ࢭࣥࢱ࣮ 7+('$;&(175( ࡛ࡣࠊ࢔࣮ࢺ࡛ࡢ⾲⌧ࢆά⏝ࡋ࡚ᚰࡸ⢭⚄⑌ᝈ࣭ࢺ࣐ࣛ࢘ࡢ⌮ゎࢆ῝ࡵࡿྲྀࡾ⤌ࡳ࡟ࡘ࡞ࡆ࡚࠸ࡿࠋ୍᪉ࠊ἞⒪ࡢᯟ⤌ࡳࢆฟ࡚ࠕ⮬ศࡢෆ㠃ࢆ⾲⌧ࡍࡿሙࠖࠕ⾲⌧ࡢ⮬⏤ࢆಖ㞀ࡍࡿሙࠖ࡜ࡋ࡚ࡢሙࡀࣃࣜࡸࢻ࢖ࢶࡢ⢭⚄⛉㡿ᇦ࡛ࡶጞࡲࡗ࡚࠸ࡓ㸦⛅ᒣ㸧>@ࠋࡲࡓࠊ㏆ᖺࡢ໭⡿࡛ࡣࠊࡇࡢ⾲⌧࡜ࡋ࡚ࡢ࢔࣮ࢺࢆ 7,& ࡟ྲྀࡾ㎸ࡳࠊ㞀ᐖࡢ࠶ࡿே࡞࡝ࢆᑐ㇟࡟ࡋ࡚ࠊゝㄒ໬ࡢ㞴ࡋ࠸ࢺ࣐ࣛ࢘ࢆ࢜ࣈࢪ࢙సᡂ࡜࠸࠺ᙧ࡛⾲⌧ࡍࡿ࢔࣮ࢺᐇ㊶ࡀ㐍ࡵࡽࢀ࡚࠸ࡿ㸦+DUYH\㸧>@ࠋ ᮏ㑥࡟࠾࠸࡚ࡶ࢔࣮ࢺࢆྲྀࡾධࢀࡓྲྀࡾ⤌ࡳࡀ࠶ࡾࠊࡓ࡜࠼ࡤࠊᫍ༡⑓㝔ࡢసᴗ⒪ἲࡸࠊᎰ㔝 Ἠ⑓㝔ࡢⱁ⾡⒪ἲࡀ᭷ྡ࡛࠶ࡿࠋ୰ᕝ  ࡣࠊ㛗ᖺࡢ⤮⏬⒪ἲ⤒㦂࠿ࡽᚓࡓࡶࡢ࡜
ࡋ࡚ࠊ⢭⚄㞀ᐖ⪅ࡀே㛫࡜ࡋ࡚ࡢᏑᅾࢆㄆࡵ࡚ࡶࡽ࠸ࠊࡑࢀࡽࡢసရࢆே࡟ぢ࡚ࡶࡽ࠺ࡇ࡜
࡛⑓Ẽࢆṇࡋࡃ⌮ゎࡋ࡚ࡶࡽ࠺ࡇ࡜࡟ࡘ࡞ࡀࡗࡓ࡜㏙࡭࡚࠸ࡿ>@ࠋ㞀ᐖࡢ࠶ࡿேࡓࡕࡢ⨾⾡సရࡣ⥲⛠࡜ࡋ࡚࢔࣮ࣝࣈࣜࣗࢵࢺࠊ࢔࢘ࢺࢧ࢖ࢲ࣮࢔࣮ࢺ࡞࡝࡜࿧ࡤࢀ㸦ᒾ஭㸧>@ࠊ⾲⌧άື࡜ࡋ࡚ࡢ࢔࣮ࢺࡀᗈࡀࡾࡘࡘ࠶ࡿࠋࡋ࠿ࡋࠊ඲ᅜⓗ࡟ࡣࠊ࢔࣮ࢺ࡟ࡼࡿ⾲⌧άື࡟ࡼࡗ࡚⢭⚄೺ᗣᗘࡢྥୖ࡟ᐤ୚ࡍࡿάືࡣ┒ࢇ࡜ࡣ࠸࠼ࡎࠊ➉ᓥ㸦DE㸧ࡣࠊᮏ㑥࡟ࠊ࢔࣮ࢺ࡟ࡼࡿ࣓ࣥࢱࣝ࣊ࣝࢫࣉ࣮ࣟࣔࢩࣙࣥࡢ୰ᚰ࡜࡞ࡿ⤌⧊࡜ࢿࢵࢺ࣮࣡ࢡࡀᚲ
せࡔ࡜ㄝ࠸࡚࠸ࡿ>@>@ࠋϩ㸬ྲྀࡾ⤌ࡳࡢᴫせ㸯㸬⤒⦋
๓㏙ࡋࡓ࣮࢜ࢫࢺࣛࣜ࢔ࡢ 7+('$;&(175( ࡢඖ㤋㛗࢜࢖ࢤ࣭ࣥࢥ࢘㸦'U(XJHQ.RK㸧༤ኈࡢ᮶᪥ࢆᶵ࡟ࠊࡑࡢάື࠿ࡽࣄࣥࢺ࠿ࡽᚓ࡚ࠊ ᖺ࡟͆ᆅᇦ͇ࡢ୰࡛ࠕࡇࡇࢁ࢔࣮ࢺ
⾲⌧‫ࢆࠖࢺࢡ࢙ࢪࣟࣉۻ‬㛤ദࡋࡓࠋࡇࡇࢁࡢ୰࡟࠶ࡿ⮬ศࡢᅔ㞴࡞⤒㦂ࡸ⏕ࡁ࡙ࡽࡉࢆ⤮࡛⾲⌧ࡋ࡚ࡶࡽ࠺ྲྀࡾ⤌ࡳ࡛࠶ࡿࠋࡇࡢࣉࣟࢪ࢙ࢡࢺ࡛ࡣࠊᏳ඲Ᏻᚰ࡞✵㛫࡛ゝㄒ໬࡛ࡁ࡞࠸
グ᠈࡟ಶࠎࡀྥࡁྜ࠺ࡇ࡜ࠊࡑࡢ㐣⛬࡛⮬ศ࡟⛎ࡵࡽࢀࡓຊ࡟Ẽ࡙ࡁࠊ᪂ࡓ࡞୍Ṍࢆ㋃ࡳฟ
ࡍࡇ࡜ࠊࡑࡢࡼ࠺࡞ேࠎࡢࣞࢪ࢚ࣜࣥࢫࢆ㧗ࡵࠊ࢚ࣥࣃ࣓࣡ࣥࢺࢆᛂ᥼ࡍࡿႠࡳࢆ┠ᣦࡋࡓࠋཧຍ⪅࡟♧ࡋࡓ┠ⓗࡣࠊࠕཧຍ⪅ࡢࡓࡵࡢࡶࡢ࡛࠶ࡾࠊ୍ே୍ே࡟͆⾲⌧⪅͇࡟࡞ࡗ࡚ࡶࡽ
࠺ࡇ࡜ࠖ࡜ࠊࠕᕷẸ࡟ࡇࡇࢁࡢၥ㢟ࢆᗈࡃ⌮ゎࢆࡋ࡚ࡶࡽ࠺ࡓࡵ࡟ࠊᙜ஦⪅୰ᚰࡢᩍ⫱፹య࡜ࡋ࡚ᒎぴࡍࡿࡇ࡜ࠖࡢ㸰ࡘ࡜ࡋࡓࠋ
㸰㸬ᑐ㇟ࡈ⮬㌟ࡢࡇ࡜ࢆ࢔࣮ࢺ࡛⾲⌧ࡋ࡚ࡳࡼ࠺࡜ᛮ࠺᪉ࠊ࡜ࡋࡓࠋ㸱㸬᪉ἲ ᱌ෆ᪉ἲ
͆ࡇࡇࢁࡢయ㦂ࢆ࢔࣮ࢺ࡛⾲⌧ࡋ࡚ࡳࡲࡏࢇ࠿㸽͇ ࡢ࢟ࣕࢵࢳࣇ࣮ࣞࢬࡢࡶ࡜࡟ࠊస
ᡂࡋࡓ᱌ෆࢳࣛࢩࢆ㛵すᅪᇦࡢᆅᇦࡢ࢖࣋ࣥࢺ఍ሙࠊ㞀ࡀ࠸⪅⚟♴㛵㐃ᶵ㛵ࡸಖ೺ᡤ࡞࡝
࡟ᗈࡃ㓄ᕸࡋࡓࠋཧຍᕼᮃ⪅ࢆ᣺ࡾศࡅ࡚ྛᆅ࡛࣮࣡ࢡࢩࣙࢵࣉࢆ㛤ദࡋࠊࡑࡢ఍ሙ࡛⤮ࢆᥥ࠸࡚ࡶࡽ࠺ࠊ࡜࠸࠺௻⏬㸦ྛ࣮࣡ࢡࢩࣙࢵࣉ᫬㛫ࡣ  ᫬㛫㸧ࢆィ  ᅇࠊබඹࡢ఍㆟ᐊ࡞࡝ࢆ฼⏝ࡋ࡚ᐇ᪋ࡋࡓࠋཧຍ⪅඲ဨ࡟┠ࡀ⾜ࡁᒆࡃࡼ࠺ࠊᖹᆒ  ே࠿ࡽ  ே⛬ᗘࡢᐃဨ࡟
␃ࡵࠊᏳᚰᏳ඲࡞✵㛫ࡢ☜ಖࡢࡓࡵ࡟㣕ࡧධࡾཧຍࡣ࠾᩿ࡾࡋࡓࠋ࡞࠾ࠊ་⒪ᶵ㛵࡛἞⒪ࢆ
ཷࡅ࡚࠸ࡿᕼᮃ⪅࡟ࡣࠊணࡵᮏ௻⏬࡬ࡢཧຍ࡟ࡘ࠸࡚ఏ࠼࡚࠾ࡃࡇ࡜ࢆ᥎ዡࡋࡓࠋ ᐇ᪋᪉ἲ
࣮࣡ࢡࢩࣙࢵࣉ㛤ദ᫬࡟ࡣ᭱ึ࡟௻⏬ࡢ┠ⓗࡸ࠾㢪࠸஦㡯ࢆඹ᭷ࡋࠊࡲࡓཧຍ⪅ࡀ௚ࡢָߏ҈સਬ਒ιϱνʖ‫ن‬གྷ ୊  ‫ת‬ཧຍ⪅ࡢ⾲⌧࡟ᘬࡁࡎࡽࢀ࡞࠸ࡼ࠺࡟࠾஫࠸࡟⫼ࢆྥࡅྜࡗ࡚ࠊ࡛ࡁࡿࡔࡅಶࠎࡢ✵㛫ࢆ☜ಖࡋ࡚͆⾲⌧⪅͇࡟࡞ࡗ࡚ࡶࡽ࠺ࡼ࠺࡟ࡋࡓࠋసရࡢࢸ࣮࣐ࡣಶู࡟┦ㄯࡋ࡚Ỵᐃࡋࡓࡀࠊ͆࠶࡞ࡓ࡟࡜ࡗ࡚ࡢே⏕࡜ࡣ㸽͇ࡢࢸ࣮࣐࡛⮬⏤࡟⤮ࢆᥥ࠸࡚ࡶࡽ࠺ࡇ࡜ࡀከ࠿ࡗࡓࠋ
࢔࣮ࢺ࣮࣡ࢡ⤊஢ᚋࡣࠊᕼᮃࡉࢀࡓ᪉ࢆᑐ㇟࡟ࠊゝ࠸ࡗࡥ࡞ࡋ⪺ࡁࡗࡥ࡞ࡋࡢࢫࢱ࢖࡛ࣝࠊ
෇㝕ࢆ⤌ࢇ࡛ࢩ࢙࢔ࣜࣥࢢࡢ᫬㛫ࢆタࡅࡓࠋ࡞࠾࣮࣡ࢡࢩࣙࢵࣉ࡛ࡣỴࡋ࡚ࢪࣕࢵࢪ㸦ホ౯㸧ࡣࡋ࡞࠸ࡇ࡜ࢆᚭᗏࡋࡓࠋ㛤ദ୰࡟ࡣࠊ❧ࡕྜ࠸༠ຊ⪅࡜ࡋ࡚⌧ᙺ࢔࣮ࢸ࢕ࢫࢺ࡟ධࡗ࡚ࡶ
ࡽ࠸ࠊࡲࡓཧຍ⪅ࡢ୰࡛⢭⚄ⓗ୙ㄪ࡟㝗ࡿேࡀฟ࡚ࡃࡿࡇ࡜ࢆ᝿ᐃࡋ࡚ࠊ᭱ᐤࡾࡢ་⒪ᶵ㛵࡛ࡢࣂࢵࢡ࢔ࢵࣉయไ㸦බㄆᚰ⌮ᖌࠊ⢭⚄⛉་㸧ࢆᩚ࠼ࡓࠋ ㄒࡾࡢᢳฟ᪉ἲ
඲࣮࣡ࢡࢩࣙࢵࣉ㛤ദ⤊஢ᚋ࡟ࡣཧຍ⪅࡟௵ព࡛ᑐ㠃࢖ࣥࢱࣅ࣮ࣗࢆ⾜࠺ணᐃ࡛࠶ࡗࡓ
ࡀࠊṧᛕ࡞ࡀࡽ &29,' ឤᰁ⑕ὶ⾜ࡢࡓࡵ୰Ṇࡏࡊࡿࢆ࠼࡞࠿ࡗࡓࠋ༠ຊࡢྠពࡀᚓࡽࢀ
ࡓே࡟ࡣࠊᚋ᪥࡟㟁ヰ࡜᭩⡆ࠊ㟁Ꮚ࣓࣮ࣝࢆ⏝࠸࡚ࠊ⤮ࡢࢱ࢖ࢺࣝ㸦࣮࣡ࢡࢩࣙࢵࣉ᫬࡟ࢱ
࢖ࢺࣝࡀ࠶ࡗࡓࡶࡢࡣࡑࡢ☜ㄆࢆྵࡴ㸧ࠊ⮬ᕫ⤂௓㸦స⪅ࡢࣉࣟࣇ࢕࣮ࣝ㸧ࠊㄒࡾ㸦࢟ࣕࣉࢩ
ࣙࣥ㸸ㄝ᫂ࡢࡓࡵ࡟௜ࡅຍ࠼ࡽࢀࡓᩥᏐ᝟ሗ㸧࡜ឤ᝿ࡢ⪺ࡁྲྀࡾࢆ⾜ࡗࡓࠋᮏேࡢྠពࡀᚓ
ࡽࢀࡿࡲ࡛ࠊఱᗘࡶ࢟ࣕࣉࢩࣙࣥࡢ᥎ᩙࡢࡸࡾ࡜ࡾࢆ⾜ࡗࡓࠋ ೔⌮ⓗ㓄៖ᮏ௓ධ◊✲ࢆ㛤ጞࡍࡿ࡟࠶ࡓࡾࠊṊᗜᕝዪᏊ኱ᏛᩥᏛ㒊ᚰ⌮࣭♫఍⚟♴Ꮫ⛉ࡢ኱Ꮫ೔⌮ጤဨ఍ࡢᢎㄆ㸦ᢎㄆ␒ྕ㸸㸧ࢆᚓ࡚⾜ࡗࡓࠋϪ㸬⤖ᯝ㸬ཧຍ≧ἣ඲య࡛  ྡ࠿ࡽཧຍ⏦㎸ࡳࡀ࠶ࡗࡓࠋ⢭⚄⑌ᝈ㸦⤫ྜኻㄪ⑕ࠊ㌄࠺ࡘ⑓ࠊ」㞧ᛶ 376'ࠊⓎ㐩㞀ᐖ࡞࡝㸧ࢆᣢࡘேࠊࡑࡢᨭ᥼⪅ࡸᐙ᪘ࡀ୺࡛ࠊᖺ㱋ࡣ  ṓ࠿ࡽ  ṓ࡛࠶ࡗࡓࠋ
࣮࣡ࢡࢩࣙࢵࣉ࡬ࡢཧຍᅇᩘࡣࠊᅇ࠿ࡽᅇ௨ୖ࡜ࡉࡲࡊࡲ࡛࠶ࡗࡓࠋ࣮࣡ࢡࢩࣙࢵ
ࣉᚋࡢࢩ࢙࢔ࣜࣥࢢࡢ᫬㛫࡟ࡣ࡯࡜ࢇ࡝ࡢேࡀཧຍࡋ࡚ࠊࡑࢀࡒࢀࡀ⮬ศࡢᥥ࠸ࡓ⤮ࢆ፹య࡟ㄒࡾࢆࡋࡓࠋཧຍࡋࡓேྠኈࡀඹ㬆ࡋྜ࠸ࠊูࢀ㝿࡟ࡣⓙࡀ࠾஫࠸࡟♩ࢆ㏙࡭ྜࡗ࡚ࠊ
ఱ࠿୍௙஦ࢆࡸࡾ⤊࠼ࡓࡼ࠺࡞ࠊᑡࡋ⑂ࢀࡓࡀ඘ᐇࡋࡓࡼ࠺࡞ᵝᏊࡀ࠺࠿ࡀࢃࢀࡓࠋᚋ᪥࡟
୎ᑀ࡞࠾♩ࡢ࣓࣮ࣝࡀᒆࡃࡇ࡜ࡶࡋࡤࡋࡤࡔࡗࡓࠋ࡞࠾㛤ദ᫬࡟ࡣࠊ་⒪࡟ࡘ࡞ࡄᚲせࡀ࠶ࡿ࡯࡝⢭⚄ⓗ୙ㄪࢆࡁࡓࡋࡓேࡣ࡞࠿ࡗࡓࠋ
㸬సရ」ᩘᅇࡢཧຍ⪅ࡶከ࠿ࡗࡓࡓࡵࠊ ྡ࠿ࡽィ  Ⅼ࡯࡝ࡢసရࡀ㞟ࡲࡗࡓࠋసရࡢෆᐜࡣ
୺ⴭ⪅ࡀᚋ᪥࢝ࢸࢦࣛ࢖ࢬ໬ࡋ࡚ࠊ኱ࡁࡃ  ࡘ࣐ࠝࣝࢺ࣮ࣜࢺ࣓ࣥࢺࠊࢢ࣮ࣜࣇࠊ㛢ࡌ㎸ࡵࡽࢀࡿࡇ࡜ࠊࡑࡢ௚㸦࠸ࡌࡵࠊࣁࣛࢫ࣓ࣥࢺࠊ᪥ࠎࡢࢫࢺࣞࢫ࡞࡝㸧ࠞ࡟ศ㢮ࡋࡓࠋ⤮ࡢ୰࡟ࡣࠊ⌧ᅾࡢ⏕ࡁ࡙ࡽࡉࢆᥥࡃࡼ࠺࡞⤮ࡶ࠶ࡗࡓࡀࠊᏊ࡝ࡶ᫬௦ࢆᥥ࠸ࡓ⤮ࡀከᩘࢆ༨ࡵ࡚
࠸ࡓࠋᮏㄽᩥ࡛ࡣࠊࡑࡢ୰࡛Ꮚ࡝ࡶ᫬௦ࢆᥥ࠸ࡓ⤮࡜࢟ࣕࣉࢩࣙࣥࡢ୍㒊ࢆ⤂௓ࡍࡿࠋ⤂௓ࡍࡿ⤮࡜࢟ࣕࣉࢩࣙࣥ࠾ࡼࡧឤ᝿࡟ࡘ࠸࡚ࡣࠊᮏே࡟☜ㄆࡢୖࠊ᭩㠃࡛㛤♧ࡢྠពࢆᚓ࡚࠸ࡿࠋ
࡞࠾ࠊࠕ ࠖ ࠿ࡂᣓᘼ ࡣࠊసရࢆᥥ࠸ࡓ⪅⮬㌟ࡢグ㏙ࠊ࠶ࡿ࠸ࡣཱྀ㏙ࢆ୺ⴭ⪅ࡽࡀ⪺ࡁྲྀࡗ࡚グࡋࡓࡶࡢ࡜࡞ࡗ࡚࠸ࡿࠋ㸨㸦࢔ࢫࢱࣜࢫࢡ㸧ࡼࡾୖࡣ⮬ᕫ⤂௓㒊ศࠊୗࡣࠊ⤮࡟ࡘ࠸࡚ࡢㄝ᫂ࢆᣦࡍࠋ୉Ԯଠ ֈͳ͏͑න‫׈ݳ‬ಊΝ௪͢ͱ‫͚ͱ͓ݡ‬Ζࢢʹ΍࣎େ͹φϧΤϜసရ㸯㸸ࠗᐙ᪘࡟㛵ࢃࡿ㔜ࡉ࠘㸦 ௦ዪᛶ㸧ࠕ௒ࡣ୍ேᬽࡽࡋࢆࡋ࡚࠸ࡿ⢭⚄㞀ᐖ⪅࡛ࡍࠋ㸨ࡇࢀࡣ㐣ཤࡢ⤮ࠋྑࡣ∗ぶ࡛ࠊᙉ࠸ᅽຊࢆ࠿ࡅ࡚
ࡃࡿࠋᕥࡣẕぶ࡛ࠊඃࡋ࠸ࡅ࡝ࠊࡑࢀࡶᅽຊ࡟࡞ࡿࠋ
ᮏᙜࡣ⏬㠃࠸ࡗࡥ࠸⮬ศࡔࡗࡓࡽ࠸࠸ࡅ࡝ࠊࡑ࠺
࡛ࡣ࡞࠸ࠋ⚾ࡣᢲࡉࢀ࡚ⱞࡋ࠸ࠋ
┿ࢇ୰ୗࡣࠊኻࡗࡓࡶࡢ࣭࣭࣭᫇ࡢᐙࠊ༡ኳࡢᮌࠊ
≟ᑠᒇࠊࣆ࢔ࣀࠊ⊧ࠊ≟ࠋ┿ࢇ୰ୖࡣࠊ᫇ࡢ㢼ᬒࠋᒣࡢ㏆ࡃ࡟ఫࢇ࡛࠸ࡲࡋ
ࡓࠋⰼⅆࡣࠊ၏୍ࡢᎰࡋ࠸ᛮ࠸ฟ࠿࡞ࠋ
ࠖసရ㸰㸸ࠗ࠸ࡃࡘࡶࡢ㢦࠘㸦 ௦ዪᛶ㸧
ࠕ」㞧ᛶ 376' ࡢᙜ஦⪅࡛ࡍࠋ ṓࡢ࡜ࡁ࡟ࠊぶࡀ㞳፧ࡋࡲࡋࡓࠋᗂᑡ᫬ࡢ㡭࠿ࡽࠊⓎ㐩᳨ᰝ࡟ࡣฟ࡚
ࡇ࡞࠿ࡗࡓࡶࡢࡢࠊᏛᰯ࡟㐺ᛂ࡛ࡁࡎࠊᏛᰯ࡟⾜࠿ࡉࢀࡿࡇ࡜ࢆᙉせࡉࢀ࡚ẖ᪥Ἵ࠸࡚࠸ࡓࠋ୰Ꮫ᫬࠿
ࡽ⮬യ⾜Ⅽࡀࡣࡌࡲࡾࠊ㧗ᰯ᫬࡟ᚰ⒪ෆ⛉࡟࠿࠿ࡿࡼ࠺࡟࡞ࡗࡓࠋࡑࡢᚋࠊẕࡀ⒴࡛ஸࡃ࡞ࡗࡓࠋࡑࡢ
ࢩࣙࢵࢡ࠿ࡽ⢭⚄⛉⑓㝔࡟ධ㝔ࡋࡓࡀࠊධ㝔୰࡟௚ᝈ࡜࡞ࡗࡓ཭ேࡢ⮬ẅࡢ┠ᧁࢆࡋ࡚ࡋࡲ࠸ࠊ⑕≧ᝏ໬ࠋධ㝔ࡶ㛗ᮇ໬ࡋࡓࠋᑵ⫋άືࢆᏛᰯࡀチྍࡋ࡚ࡃࢀࡎࠊ⤖ᒁࠊᘬࡁࡇࡶࡿࡼ࠺࡟࡞ࡗࡓࠋ
㸨኱ࡁ࠸ⓑ࠸⏬⏝⣬ࡀ┠ࡢ๓࡟࠶ࡿࡔࡅ࡛ᛧ࠿ࡗࡓ࠿ࡽࠊᡭ࡛◚࠸ࡓࠋྑ㸦࢝ࣛࣇࣝ࡞㒊ศ㸧ࡣࠊࡇ࠺࠸࠺ᥥࡁ᪉ࡀዲࡁࠋ࡛ࡶࠊ㏵୰࡛࡜࡚ࡶⱞࡋࡃ࡞ࡿࠋ
ᕥୖࡣࠊᕼᮃࡸᑗ᮶࡞ࡾࡓ࠸⮬ศࠋ⣽ࡸ࠿࡛ࠊ⧄⣽࡛࣭࣭࣭ࠋ
ᕥୗࡣࠊᑠࡉ࠸㡭ࡢ⮬ศࠋ᫬ࠎฟ࡚ࡁ࡚ࠊၥ㢟ࢆ㉳ࡇࡍࠋࡔ࠿ࡽᑠࡉ࠸㡭ࡢ⮬ศࡣ᎘࠸ࠋ
࡛ࡶࠊࡇࡢ㸱ࡘࡀ࠶ࡗ࡚ࠊ඲࡚ࡀ୍ࡘ࡟࡞ࡾࠕ⮬ศࠖ࡞ࢇࡔ࡜ᛮ࠺ࠋ
ࠖసရ㸱㸸ࠗᕼᮃ࠘㸦 ௦⏨ᛶ㸧ࠕ⚾ࡣⓎ㐩㞀ᐖ࡛ࡍࠋ ṓࡲ࡛㞀ᐖ࡜ศ࠿ࡽࡎࠊぶ࡟ࡶ࠿ࢃ࠸ࡀࡽࢀࡎࠊⱞࡋ࠸ே⏕࡛ࡋࡓࠋ
㸨Ꮚ࡝ࡶࡢ㡭ࠊ㈋ᅔ࡜ࢿࢢࣞࢡࢺ࡛⤯ᮃࡋ࠿࡞࠿ࡗ
ࡓࠋࡑࢇ࡞୰࡛ᕼᮃࡣࠊᮍ᮶ࠊ6)ࠊ໬Ꮫᢏ⾡ࡢ㐍Ṍ࡛ࡋࡓࠋᛮ࠸㏉ࡍ࡜᫇ࠊ୓༤ࡢ㡭ࡣᴦࡋ࠿ࡗࡓ࡜࠸
࠺Ẽᣢࡕࡀ࠶ࡾࡲࡍࠋࠖ
సရ㸲㸸ࠗே⏕࡜ࡣ /29(࠘㸦 ௦ዪᛶ㸧ָߏ҈સਬ਒ιϱνʖ‫ن‬གྷ ୊  ‫ת‬ࠕ⚾ࡣ⤫ྜኻㄪឤ᝟㞀ᐖ࡛࠶ࡾࠊ⒴ࡢ⤒㐣ほᐹ୰࡛ࡍࠋ㸨Ꮚ౪ࡢ᫬࠿ࡽࠕឡࡋ࡚࠸ࡿ࠿ࡽẀࡿࠖࠕࡇࢀࡣࠊ㌫ࡔࠖ࡜ࠊ⃭ࡋ࠸ᭀຊࢆཷࡅࠊឡ࡜ࡣࠊඃࡋࡉ࡜ࡣࠊᭀຊ
࡜ಙࡌ࡚࠸ࡲࡋࡓࠋᑠᏛ  ᖺ⏕ࡢ᫬࡟ࠊࢸࣞࣅ࡛⫈࠸ࡓࣆ࢔ࣀ࡬ࡢឤື
࡟ࠊᏊ౪ᚰ࡟Ᏻࡽࡂࡲࡋࡓࠋ ᫬㛫ࠊ⥭ᙇࡋ࡚࠸ࡿ
୰࡛ࡢࠊᚰ࠿ࡽࡢᏳࡽࡂ࡛ࡋࡓࠋఱࡶศ࠿ࡽ࡞࠿ࡗ
ࡓࡅ࡝ࠊࣆ࢔ࣀࡢవࡾࡶࡢ⨾ࡋࡉ࡟ࠊᮍ᮶࡟ᕼᮃࢆᣢࡕࡲࡋࡓࠋࡑࡢࣆ࢔ࢽࢫࢺࡢ࣮࢜ࣛ࡜
㡢ࡢ⨾ࡋࡉࡢ୰࡟ࠊᏊ౪ᚰ࡟ࠊ῝࠸ⱞࡋࡳ࡜ᝒࡋࡳࡀ࠶ࡿ஦ࢆឤࡌࡲࡋࡓࠋ
ぶ࡜ྠࡌ஦ࢆࠊ⚾ࡣே࡟ࡋ࡞࠸ᵝ࡟ࡋࡓ࠸ࠋேࢆ៮ࡴࡢ࡛ࡣ࡞ࡃࠊ⚾࡞ࡾࡢᙧ࡛ឡࡋࡓ࠸㹿ࠕឡࡣᭀຊ࡛ࡣ࡞ࡃࠊឡࡣࡠࡃࡶࡾࠋࠖࡑࡢ஦ࢆࠊ㡢ᴦࡀᚰ࡜㌟య࡛ឤࡌࡉࡏ࡚ࡃࢀࡲࡍࠋ
ࡑࢇ࡞ឡࡢᙧ࡜࡜ࡶ࡟ࠊ᪥ࠎࡢᙜࡓࡾ๓ࡢ᪥ᖖࢆࠊ⚾࡞ࡾ࡟⢭୍ᮼ⏕ࡁࡓ࠸࡛ࡍࠋࠕே⏕࡜ࡣ /29(ࠖࡑࢇ࡞Ẽᣢࡕࢆ⤮࡟クࡋࡲࡋࡓࠋࠖ
సရ㸳㸸ࠗ✼ど࠘㸦 ௦⏨ᛶ㸧ࠕ⚾ࡣ⢭⚄㞀ᐖ⪅㸦ࡑ࠺࠺ࡘ⑓㸧࡛ࠊ௒ࡣ࡜࡚ࡶᏳᐃ
ࡋ࡚࠾ࡾࡲࡍࠋ
㸨௨๓ࠊ᪑⾜ඛࡢᅵᆅࡀ࡜࡚ࡶẼ࡟ධࡗ࡚ࡋࡲࡗ࡚ࠊࡑ
ࡇ࡟᳇ࡳࡘ࠸࡚ࡋࡲ࠸ࠊ ᖺ㛫ࠊࣂ࣮ࢸࣥࢲ࣮ࡢ௙஦ࢆ
ࡋ࡚࠾ࡾࡲࡋࡓࠋࡑࡢ᫬ࡢ᝿࠸ฟ࡛ࡍࠋ
㸦ྑᩥᏐ㒊ศ㸧ࠕࡇࡢ㑻㸦Ѝ⮬ศ㸧ࡣࠊ ࡢ᫓࡟ࠋࢿࢢ
ࣞࢡࢺࠖࡢព࿡ࡣࠊ୰Ꮫ⏕ࡢ࡜ࡁ࠿ࡽാ࠿ࡉࢀ࡚࠸ࡓ
ࡇ࡜ࢆᣦࡍࠋ௒࡛࠸࠺ࠊே㌟኎㈙࡜࠸࠺ࡢࡔࢁ࠺ࠋᐙ࡛ࡣ㛗⏨௨እࡣ㣗࡭࡚࠸ࡅ࡞࠸ࡢ࡛࠶
ࡿࠋ⏨ࡢᏊ࡛ࡶయࢆ኎ࡿࡀࠊࡓࡔࠊ㛗ࡃ኎ࢀ࡞࠸ࠋࢫࢱ࢖ࣝࡀࡼࡃ࡚ࠊ㢦ࡀ࠸࠸࡜ࠊᘬᡭᩘ
ከ࡛⮬ศࡶᴦࡋࡴࡢࡔࢁ࠺ࡅࢀ࡝ࠊ ௦ᚋ༙௨㝆ࡣᩓࠎ࡞ே⏕ࡀᚅࡗ࡚࠸ࡿࠋࡑࡢ⤖ᯝࠊᆅࢆ㌿ࠎ࡜ࡍࡿࠋࠖ
సရ㸴㸸ࠗ་⒪ࡢᝏࡀ⡿ࡘࡪ࡟࡞ࡿ᪥࠘㸦 ௦⏨ᛶ㸧ࠕࡣ࠿ࡽࡎࡶ  ௦࡛⢭⚄⑌ᝈᝈ⪅ࡢࣞࢵࢸࣝࢆ㈞ࡽ
ࢀࠊᕼᮃࢆኻࡗࡓࠋ⌧ᅾࡣࠊ⢭⚄㞀ࡀ࠸⪅ࣆ࢔ࢧ࣏࣮
ࢱ࣮࡜ࡋ࡚ാ࠸࡚࠸ࡿࠋ
㸨ᑡᖺ᫬௦࡟኱ࡁ࡞᜝ࢆ࠿࠿ࡉࢀࡓࠋࡑࡢ᫬ࠊ࿘ࡾࡢே
ࡣຓࡅ࡚ࡃࢀ࡞࠿ࡗࡓࠋ⾪ᧁࡢࠕ⩈᜝ࠖࡣࠊ῝࠸ࢺ࣐ࣛ࢘ࡢയࠊࡑࢀࡣᛶࡢയ㊧ࡔࡗࡓࠋࡢࡕ࡟  ṓ࡛Ⓨ⑕ࡋࡓ⤫ྜኻㄪ⑕ࡣࠊⱁ⾡ࡢ㐨ࢆ᩿ᛕࡉࡏࠊ௦ࢃࡾ࡟ࣆ࢔ࢧ࣏࣮ࢱ࣮࡬ࡢ㐨࡬࡜⚾ࢆྥ࠿ࢃࡏࡓࠋ་⒪ಖㆤධ㝔㸦ᙉไධ㝔㸧࡜࠸
࠺་⒪஦ᨾࡣࠊ࣓ࢩࡢ✀࡬࡜ࠊ࡜ࡗ࡚௦ࢃࡗࡓ㸦࡜⚾ࡣ࡜ࡽ࠼࡚࠸ࡿ㸧ࠋࠖ୉Ԯଠ ֈͳ͏͑න‫׈ݳ‬ಊΝ௪͢ͱ‫͚ͱ͓ݡ‬Ζࢢʹ΍࣎େ͹φϧΤϜ㸬ឤ᝿సရ ࠥ ࢆᥥ࠸ࡓே࡟ࠊ⤮ࢆᥥ࠸ࡓឤ᝿ࢆᩥ᭩࡟࡚ồࡵࡓ⤖ᯝࠊ௨ୗࡢࡼ࠺࡞ឤ᝿ࢆཷ
ࡅྲྀࡗࡓࠋ
㸦సရ㸯㸧
ࠕࢸ࣮࣐ࡀࠕே⏕ࠖࡗ࡚ゝࢃࢀ࡚ࠊᵓᅗࡀࡦࡽࡵ࠸࡚ࠊࡑࡇ࠿ࡽࡣࢫ࢖ࢵࢳࡀධࡗࡓࡼ࠺࡟
ᥥ࠸ࡓࠋᥥ࠸࡚࠸ࡿ࡜ࡁࠊࡋࢇ࡝࠿ࡗࡓࡇ࡜ࢆᛀࢀ࡚࠸ࡲࡋࡓࠋ
ࠖ㸦సရ㸰㸧
ࠕ㸰ᅇཧຍࡉࡏ࡚ࡶࡽࡗ࡚ࠊ͇⮬ศ͇ࢆ⾲⌧ࡍࡿࡢࡣࠊ࡞࠿࡞࠿㞴ࡋ࠿ࡗࡓࠋᛧࡉࡶ࠶ࡗࡓࠋ ᅇ┠ࡣࠊ኱ࡁ࡞⏬⏝⣬ࢆ┠ࡢ๓࡟◚࠸࡚ࡋࡲࡗࡓࠋࡑࢀࡣࡑࢀ࡛ࠊ⮬ศࡽࡋࡃ࡚ࠊ࠾ࡶࡋ
ࢁ࠿ࡗࡓࠋࡼࡁ⤒㦂࡟࡞ࡗࡓࠋࡇࢀ࠿ࡽࡶ⤮ࢆᥥ࠸࡚࠸ࡁࡓ࠸࡜ᛮ࠺ࠋ
ࠖ㸦సရ㸱㸧
ࠕ⮬ศࡢẼᣢࡕࢆࠊࡇࡢࡼ࠺࡟ᥥ࠸ࡓࡢࡣึࡵ࡚࡛ࡋࡓࠋ࠸ࡃࡘ࡟࡞ࡗ࡚ࡶࠊᬯࡃ㔜࠸ࢺ࣐ࣛ࢘ࡣᾘ࠼࡞࠸࡜ឤࡌࡲࡋࡓࠋࠖ
㸦సရ㸲㸧
ࠕ㸦⤮ࡢ୰࡛ࡣ㡢ᴦ࡜࠸࠺ᙧ࡛⾲⌧ࡋ࡚࠸ࡲࡍࡀ㸧͆ேࡣே࡟ࡼࡗ࡚യࡘࡁࠊே࡟ᩆࢃࢀࡿࠋ͇
̿̿ࡑࡶࡑࡶ⿕ᐖ⪅࡛࠶ࡗࡓぶࡀຍᐖ⪅࡟࡞ࡗ࡚ࡋࡲࡗࡓ⫼ᬒ࡟ࡣࠊぶࡶࠊࡠࡃࡶࡾࠊᏳࡽ
ࡂࢆᣢ࡚ࡎ࡟᮶ࡓࡇ࡜ࡀ࠶ࡿࡢ࠿ࡶࡋࢀ࡞࠸ࠋയࡘࡅࡓேࡶയࢆ⫼㈇ࡗ࡚࠸ࡿ࡜࠸࠺஦ࢆ
௒ᅇࠊ⤮ࢆぢࡘࡵ࡞ࡀࡽࢺ࣐ࣛ࢘࡟ྥ࠿࠸ྜ࠸ឤࡌࡓࠋ⚾࡟࡜ࡗ࡚ࡣࠊࡇࡢẼ࡙ࡁࡣࠊぶࢆཷࡅධࢀࡿ࡜ྠ᫬࡟ࠊ⮬ศࡀᅇ᚟ࡍࡿⅭࡢࢸ࣮࣐࡛ࡍࠋ
ࠖ㸦సရ㸳㸧
ࠕᗂᑡࡢ᫬࠿ࡽࠗኚࢃࡗࡓᏊࡸࡡ࠘࡜ゝࢃࢀ⥆ࡅ࡚࠸ࡓࡢ࡛ࠊࡸࡣࡾࠊኚࢃࡗ࡚࠸ࡓࡢࡔ࡜
ᛮ࠸ࡲࡍࠋࡅ࡝ࠊࡑࢀࡀ⤮㸦࣐ࣥ࢞㸧ࢆᥥࡃ࢚ࢿࣝࢠ࣮࡟࡞ࡗ࡚ࡁࡓࡢࡔ࡜ᛮ࠸ࡲࡍࠋ
ࡇࢀ࠿ࡽࡣࠊࡼࡾከࡃࡢⓙᵝ࡟ཷࡅᐜࢀ࡚ࡶࡽ࠺ࡼ࠺࡞సရࢆṧࡋ࡚࠸ࡁࡓ࠸࡞࡜ᛮࡗ࡚
࠸ࡲࡍࠋ᪥ࠎࠊຮᙉࠋࠖ
㸦సရ㸴㸧
ࠕᜍࡽࡃ௒࡛ࡶᚰⓗᙳ㡪ࢆཬࡰࡋ࡚࠸ࡿ࡛࠶ࢁ࠺ᗂᑡᮇࡢࢺ࣐ࣛ࢘࡟┿ṇ㠃࠿ࡽྥࡁྜ࠺
࡜࠸࠺⤒㦂ࢆᚓࡽࢀࡓ࡜࠸࠺஦ࡣࠊ㈗㔜࡛࠶ࡗࡓࠋ
ࠖ

ϫ㸬⪃ᐹ
㸬⢭⚄㞀ᐖ⪅ࡢᏊ࡝ࡶ᫬௦ࢆ▱ࡿࡇ࡜ࢺ࣐ࣛ࢘ࡢᙳ㡪࡟ࡘ࠸࡚ࡣࠊ⚄⤒⏕≀Ꮫⓗ▱ぢ࠿ࡽࠊ࣐ࣝࢺ࣮ࣜࢺ࣓ࣥࢺࢆཷࡅࡓᏊ࡝ࡶ
ࡢ⬻࡟ࡣ⏕ᾭᾘ࠼࡞࠸࡯࡝ࡢയ㊧ࡀ้ࡲࢀࠊᡂேࡋࡓᚋࡶࡑࡢᚋ㑇⑕࠿ࡽከᩘࡢ⢭⚄⑌ᝈࡸࣃ࣮ࢯࢼࣜࢸ࢕࣮㞀ᐖࡢ⨯ᝈ⋡ቑ࣭㔜⠜໬ࠊࡇࢀ࡟క࠺⮬ẅ⋡ࡀቑ࠼ࡿࡇ࡜ࡀሗ࿌ࡉࢀ࡚
࠸ࡿ㸦$QJHODNLV ௚㸧>@ࠋ:+2 :RUOG+HDOWK2UJDQL]DWLRQ ࡢ  ࢝ᅜࠊ ேࢆᑐ㇟࡜ࡋࡓㄪᰝ⤖ᯝ࠿ࡽࡶࠊᗂᑡᮇࡢࢺ࣐ࣛ࢘ࡸ㏫ቃⓗయ㦂ࡀ⢭⚄ⓗ⑌⑓ࡢ༴㝤ᅉᏊ࡛࠶ࡿ࡜⤖ㄽ௜ࡅࡽࢀ࡚࠸ࡿ㸦.HVVOHU ௚㸧>@ࠋࡑࡢ௚ࠊᏊ࡝ࡶ᫬௦ࡢ㏫ቃⓗయ㦂ࡀ⤫ྜኻㄪ⑕࡜㌄࠺ࡘ⑓ࡢ⚄⤒ᇶ┙࡟ᙳ㡪ࢆ୚࠼ࡿ࡜࠸ࡗࡓ◊✲㸦3ROHWWL ௚㸧ࡸࠊᗂᑡᮇࡢࢺ࣐ࣛ࢘࡜⌧ᅾࡢࢫࢺࣞࢫࡢᙳ㡪ࡀ⤫ྜኻㄪ⑕ࢆᙧసࡿࡇ࡜ࢆ⬻⛉Ꮫࡢഃ㠃࠿ࡽ᫂ࡽ࠿࡟ࡋࡓ◊✲㸦5XE\ ௚㸧࡞࡝ࡶ࠶ࡿ>@>@ࠋ⢭⚄㞀ᐖ⪅ࡢཧ୚ほᐹ࡛⪺ࡁྲྀࡗࡓෆᐜศᯒ࠿ࡽಶࠎࡢᏊ࡝ࡶ᫬௦ࡢࡉࡲࡊࡲ࡞ࢺࣛ࢘
࣐⤒㦂ࡀุ᫂ࡋࡓ࡜࠸࠺ሗ࿌ࡀ࠶ࡿ㸦኱ᒸ࣭ᒾษ㸧>@ࠋࡲࡓࠊᮏ㑥ࡢ⢭⚄⛉እ᮶㏻
㝔୰ࡢᝈ⪅  ேࢆㄪ࡭ࡿ࡜ࠊ࡟ᑠඣᮇ㏫ቃⓗయ㦂㸦௨ୗࠊ$&(V㸧ࡀ࠶ࡗࡓ࡜ሗ࿌ࡉָߏ҈સਬ਒ιϱνʖ‫ن‬གྷ ୊  ‫ת‬ࢀ࡚࠸ࡿ㸦すᕝ 㸧>@ࠋ୍⯡ே  ྡ㸦 ṓ௨ୖ㸧ࢆᑐ㇟࡜ࡋࡓㄪᰝ࡛ࡣࠊ୍ࡘ
௨ୖࡢ $&(V ࢆ⤒㦂ࡋ࡚࠸ࡓேࡣ 㸣࡛࠶ࡗࡓ࡜࠸࠺ሗ࿌㸦)XMLZDUD ௚㸧ࡀ࠶ࡾࠊࡑ
ࢀ࡜ẚ㍑ࡍࡿ࡜ᮏ㑥ࡢ⢭⚄㞀ᐖ⪅ࡢ $&(V ࡢ⤒㦂⋡ࡣ࡯ࡰ㸰ಸ࡜ࠊ㦫ࡃ࡯࡝㧗⋡࡛࠶ࡿ>@ࠋ ௒ᅇࡢࣉࣟࢪ࢙ࢡࢺ࡛⤮ࢆᥥࡃ࡟⮳ࡗࡓࡢࡣ⢭⚄㞀ᐖࢆᝈࡗ࡚࠸ࡓேࡀ୰ᚰ࡛ࠊసရࢆ
࢝ࢸࢦࣛ࢖ࢬࡍࡿ࡜࣐ࣝࢺ࣮ࣜࢺ࣓ࣥࢺࡢ⠊␪࡟ධࡿࡼ࠺࡞ࢺ࣐ࣛ࢘⤒㦂ࢆ⤮࡟⾲⌧ࡋ࡚࠸ࡓேࡀከ࠿ࡗࡓࠋཧຍ⪅ࡢ୰࡟ࡣ୺ⴭ⪅ࡀ᪤▱ࡢேࡶ࠸ࡓࡀࠊࡑࡢ⤮࡟ࡣࡇࢀࡲ࡛⪺࠸࡚࠸࡞࠿ࡗࡓࡑࡢேࡢ㐣ཤ㸦Ꮚ࡝ࡶ᫬௦ࡢࢺ࣐ࣛ࢘㸧ࡀከࡃᥥ࠿ࢀ࡚࠸ࡓࠋࡑࡢேࡓࡕࡢ⏕ά≧ἣ࡞࡝୍ᐃࡢ⌮ゎࢆࡋ࡚࠸ࡓ࡜ᛮࡗ࡚࠸ࡓࡀࠊࡑࢀࡣᛮ࠸㎸ࡳ࡟㐣ࡂ࡞࠿ࡗࡓࡇ࡜ࡀࢃ
࠿ࡗࡓࠋᐇ㝿ࡇࡢ௻⏬࡟ཧຍࡍࡿࡲ࡛ࠊ௒ᅇ⤮࡟⌧ࢀࡓᏊ࡝ࡶ᫬௦ࡢࢺ࣐ࣛ࢘ࢆ୺἞་࡞࡝࠿ࡽ
⪺ࡁྲྀࡽࢀࡿࡇ࡜ࡶ࡞࠿ࡗࡓ࡜ࠊከࡃࡢேࡣㄒࡗ࡚࠸ࡓࠋ⢭⚄⛉་⒪࡟࠾࠸࡚ࠊ
ࠕ⤫ྜኻㄪ⑕ࠖ࡞࡝ࡢ⑌ᝈ࡟ᑐࡍࡿ἞⒪ࡣ㐺ษ࡟᪋ࡉࢀ࡚ࡁࡓ࡜ࡋ࡚ࡶࠊఱ༑ᖺࡶ᫇ࡢࠊᚰ࡟ ᕳࡃᏊ࡝ࡶ᫬௦ࡢࡋࡇࡾ࡟ࡘ࠸࡚ࡣࠊࢣ࢔ࡀ⾜ࡁᒆ࠸࡚࠸࡞࠸ࡲࡲᨺ⨨ࡉࢀ࡚ࡁࡓࡢ࠿ࡶࡋࢀ࡞
࠸ࠋ࠶ࡿ࠸ࡣࠊ
ࠕ⑌ᝈࡣෆᅉᛶ࡛࠶ࡿࠖ࡜ࡋ࡚ࠊᏊ࡝ࡶ᫬௦ࡢࢺ࣐ࣛ࢘ࡣྲྀࡾୖࡆࡿ࡟್ࡋ
࡞࠸࡜ุ᩿ࡉࢀ⥆ࡅ࡚ࡁࡓࡢ࠿ࡶࡋࢀ࡞࠸ࠋடᒸ  ࡣࠊ$&(V ࡞࡝ࡢ࣐ࣝࢺ࣮ࣜࢺ࣓ࣥ
ࢺ࡟ࡼࡿࢺ࣐ࣛ࢘ࢆཷࡅࡓᏊ࡝ࡶࡀࠊᡂேࡍࡿ࡜⢭⚄⛉་⒪ࡢሙ࡟ᝈ⪅࡜ࡋ࡚⌧ࢀࡿࡇ࡜ࢆᣦ᦬ࡋࠊ⢭⚄⛉་⒪࡟ᦠࢃࡿ࠶ࡽࡺࡿ⫋✀ࡢேࡓࡕࡀࢺ࣐ࣛ࢘ࡢᗈ⠊࡞ᙳ㡪ࢆࡼࡃ⌮ゎࡋࠊຠᯝࡀᐇドࡉࢀࡓ᪉ἲ࡛ᑐᛂࡍࡿࡇ࡜ࡀồࡵࡽࢀ࡚࠸ࡿ࡜ࡋ࡚࠸ࡿ>@ࠋ⚾ࡓࡕ⢭⚄་⒪ᚑ஦⪅࡟ࡣࠊ┠ࡢ๓࡟࠸ࡿᝈ⪅ࡢᏊ࡝ࡶ᫬௦ࡢᚰࡢയࢆᐹࡋ࡚ࠊ㛵ࢃࡗ࡚࠸ࡃᚲせᛶ̿ࢺ࣐ࣛ࢘ࣞࣥࢬ̾ࡀᚲせ࡛ࡣ࡞࠸࠿࡜⪃࠼ࡽࢀࡿࠋ
㸬⾲⌧άືᚋࡢࢺ࣐ࣛ࢘࡬ࡢẼ࡙ࡁཧຍ⪅ࡣࠊ⤮ࢆᥥࡃࡇ࡜࡟ࡼࡗ࡚ࠊࡲࡓࡑࡢ⤮ࢆᥥ࠸ࡓࣉࣟࢭࢫࢆ᣺ࡾ㏉ࡿࡇ࡜࡟ࡼࡗ࡚ࠊ
⮬ศ࡟ࡘ࠸࡚ࡢᵝࠎ࡞Ẽ࡙ࡁࡀ࠶ࡗࡓࠋ௒ᅇྲྀࡾୖࡆࡓసရࡈ࡜࡟ࠊཧຍ⪅ࡢ⪺ࡁྲྀࡾෆᐜ
࠿ࡽ⪃࠼ࡿࠋ
ࠝసရ㸯ࠞࡢ  ௦ዪᛶࡣࠊ⑓Ẽࡢࡓࡵ࡟ᖖ࡟͆ࡋࢇ࡝࠸͇࡜ឤࡌ࡚࠸ࡓࡀࠊᥥ࠸࡚࠸ࡿ࡜
ࡁࡣࠊ͇ࡋࢇ࡝࠿ࡗࡓ͇ࡇ࡜ࢆᛀࢀ࡚࠸ࡓ࡜࠸࠺ࠋࡑࡢᚋࡢ࢟ࣕࣉࢩࣙࣥసᡂ᫬ࡢࡸࡾྲྀࡾ
࡛ࠊ⮬ศࡀ࡝࠺ࡋ࡚͆ࡋࢇ࡝࠸͇ࡢ࠿ࠊ⤮ࢆࡶ࡜࡟⏕࠸❧ࡕࡸ⫼ᬒࢆඹ᭷ࡋࡓࠋ࣐ࣝࢺ࣮ࣜ
ࢺ࣓ࣥࢺ࡜࠸࠺⏝ㄒࢆᥦ♧ࡍࡿ࡜ࠊࡨࡗࡓࡾ࡜ᙜ࡚ࡣࡲࡿࡼ࠺࡟ឤࡌࡓࠋᏊ࡝ࡶࡢయ㦂࡟ྡ๓ࢆ୚࠼ࡓ▐㛫࡛࠶ࡗࡓࠋពᅗࡏࡎ࡟ᥥ࠸ࡓ⤮ࡀࠊᮏேࡢ͆ࡋࢇ࡝ࡉ͇ࡢ᰿※ࢆ✺ࡁṆࡵࡿᶵ఍࡟࡞ࡗࡓࠋ
ࠝసရ㸰ࠞࡢ  ௦ዪᛶࡣࠊ⢭⚄⛉⑓㝔ධ㝔୰࡟እฟチྍࢆࡶࡽࡗ࡚࣮࣡ࢡࢩࣙࢵࣉ࡟㸰ᅇཧຍࡋ࡚࠸ࡓࠋࡶ࡜ࡶ࡜⤮ࢆᥥࡃࡇ࡜ࡀዲࡁ࡞ዪᛶ࡛࠶ࡗࡓࡀࠊᛮ᫓ᮇࡢ㡭࡟ࣂ࣒࢘ࢸࢫࢺ
ࢆࡉࢀࡓࡇ࡜ࡀࢺ࣐ࣛ࢘࡟࡞ࡾࠊ㛗ࡽࡃ⤮ࢆᥥࡅ࡞࠿ࡗࡓ࡜࠸࠺ࠋ௒ᅇࡢࠕ⤮ࡢホ౯ࢆࡉࢀ࡞࠸ࠖ✵㛫࡛⮬⏤࡟ᥥࡅࡓࡇ࡜ࡣࠊᙼዪ࡟࡜ࡗ࡚ࡣࠊ࠶ࡿព࿡࡛ࢺ࣐ࣛ࢘࠿ࡽࡢᅇ᚟ࡢ୍
Ṍ࡟࡞ࡗࡓ࡜࠸࠺ࠋ
ࠝసရ㸲ࠞࡢ  ௦ዪᛶࡣࠊᏊ࡝ࡶࡢ㡭ࡣぶࡢឡࡸඃࡋࡉࡀᭀຊ࡜ࡣ▱ࡽࡎ࡟࠸ࡓࡀࠊࡑࢀ
ࡀㄗࡾࡔࡗࡓ࡜ࢃ࠿ࡾࠊࡑࡢᚋࡣぶࢆチࡏࡎ࡟⏕ࡁ࡚ࡁࡓ࡜࠸࠺ࠋ⤮ࢆぢࡘࡵ࡞ࡀࡽ⮬㌟ࡢ
 
 ώΤϞτηφʁՎधΝ̏ຌඵ͚͞ͳͶΓͮͱߨΚΗΖϏʖλψϨτΡ‫Ͳࠬݗ‬ɼඵ͖Ηͪ ຌ͹໨Νͨ͹ਕ͹ࣙ‫ͳ଀ހ‬Ί͵͢ͱɼඅ‫ंݗ‬͹੠ਈয়ସΏϏʖλψϨτΡΝࠬఈͤΖɽ୉Ԯଠ ֈͳ͏͑න‫׈ݳ‬ಊΝ௪͢ͱ‫͚ͱ͓ݡ‬Ζࢢʹ΍࣎େ͹φϧΤϜࢺ࣐ࣛ࢘࡟ྥ࠿࠸ྜ࠸ࠊ୺ⴭ⪅࡜ఱᗘࡶ࢟ࣕࣉࢩࣙࣥࡢࡸࡾྲྀࡾࢆࡍࡿ୰࡛ࠊぶࢆཷࡅධࢀ
ࡿ࡜ྠ᫬࡟ࠊࡑࢀࡣ⮬ศࡀᅇ᚟ࡍࡿࡓࡵࡢࢸ࣮࣐࡛ࡶ࠶ࡿ࡜ឤࡌࡓ࡜࠸࠺ࠋ
ࠝసရ㸳ࠞࡢ  ௦⏨ᛶࡣ㸱ᅇ࣮࣡ࢡࢩࣙࢵࣉ࡟ཧຍࡋࠊ௚ேࢆᥥ෗ࡍࡿࡼ࠺࡞⤮㸦࣐ࣥ࢞㸧ࢆࡓࡃࡉࢇᥥ࠸ࡓ୰࡛ࠊ၏୍ࡇࡢ୍ᯛࡀ⮬ศ࡟㛵ࡍࡿ⤮࡜࡞ࡗ࡚࠸ࡓࠋࡑࡢ⤮ࡢ࢟ࣕࣉࢩࣙࣥసࡾࡢ㐣⛬࡛ࠊ㈋ᅔᐙᗞࡺ࠼࡟Ꮚ࡝ࡶ᫬௦࠿ࡽᛶ⏘ᴗ࡟ᚑ஦ࡉࡏࡽࢀ࡚ࡁࡓࡇ࡜ࠊࡲ
ࡓࡑࢀ௨㝆ࡢே⏕࡛ࡣࠊ⤮ࡢ┿ࢇ୰࡟ᥥ࠸ࡓࡌࡷࡀ࠸ࡶ࠿ࡽᄇࡁฟࡍⱆ㸦ẘ㸧ࡢࡼ࠺࡟ࠊᛶ
ⓗ࡞ࡇ࡜࡟┠ࡀ࠸ࡃࡼ࠺࡟࡞ࡾࠊඹྠᾎሙ࡞࡝࡛ࡣ௚ேࡢ㝜㒊࡟┠ࡀ⾜ࡁࡀࡕ࡟࡞ࡗ࡚ࡋ
ࡲ࠺ࡇ࡜ࡀㄒࡽࢀࡓࠋࠕ✼どࠖ࡜࠸࠺ࢱ࢖ࢺࣝࡀࡑࢀࢆ≀ㄒࡗ࡚࠸ࡿࠋ
ࠝసရ㸴ࠞࡢ  ௦⏨ᛶࡣ㸴ᅇࡢ࣮࣡ࢡࢩࣙࢵࣉ࡟ཧຍࡋࠊ⮬⏤࡟ᢳ㇟ⓗ࡞⤮ࢆᥥ࠸࡚ࡁࡓ
ࡀࠊ㸴ᅇ┠࡛ࡼ࠺ࡸࡃᑡᖺ᫬௦࡟ᛶⓗ࡞࠸ࡌࡵ࡟㐼࠸ᩍဨࡸぶࡶຓࡅ࡚ࡃࢀ࡞࠿ࡗࡓ࡜࠸
࠺᝟ᬒࢆᥥ࠸ࡓࠋⱝ࠸ᑡᖺࡀࠊ⢭⚄⛉་⒪࡟࠾ࡅࡿᙉไධ㝔࡛യࡘ࠸ࡓࡇ࡜ࡶᥥ࠿ࢀ࡚࠸ࡓࠋ
ࡲࡓࡇࡢ࣮࣡ࢡࢩࣙࢵࣉ࡬ࡢཧຍࢆ㏻ࡌ࡚ࠊ
ࠕ௒࡛ࡶᚰⓗᙳ㡪ࢆཬࡰࡋ࡚࠸ࡿ࡛࠶ࢁ࠺ᗂᑡ
ᮇࡢࢺ࣐ࣛ࢘࡟┿ṇ㠃࠿ࡽྥࡁྜ࠺ࡇ࡜ࡀ࡛ࡁࡓࠖ࡜ᚋ᪥ឤ᝿࡛グࡋ࡚࠾ࡾࠊࡇࡢཧຍࡀ⮬ศࡢ㐣ཤࢆぢࡘࡵࡿᶵ఍࡟࡞ࡗࡓࡼ࠺࡛࠶ࡗࡓࠋ࣑࣮ࣛ  ࡀࠊࠕ↓ព㆑ࡢ୰࡟ᢚᅽࡉࢀࡓᗂ࠸Ꮚ࡝ࡶ᫬௦ࡢᚰ⌮ⓗእയࡣࠊࡋࡤࡋࡤ⏬
ᐙࡸసᐙࡢ๰సάື࡟ࠊࡑࡢ⾲⌧ࢆぢฟࡍࡢ࡛࠶ࡾࠊࡋ࠿ࡶࠊࡇ࠺ࡋࡓ஦ᐇࡣࠊ♫఍࡟ࡼࡗ࡚ࡶࠊ⏬ᐙࡸసᐙ⮬㌟࡟ࡼࡗ࡚ࡶẼ࡙࠿ࢀ࡚࠸࡞࠸ࠖ࡜㏙࡭࡚࠸ࡿ>@ࠋᐇ㝿ࠊ௒ᅇࡢ࣮࣡
ࢡࢩࣙࢵࣉ࡟࠾࠸࡚͆࠶࡞ࡓ࡟࡜ࡗ࡚ࡢே⏕࡜ࡣ㸽͇࡜ၥࢃࢀࠊ⮬↛࡟ᛮ࠸ᾋ࠿ࢇࡔࡶࡢ
ࢆᥥࡃ୰࡛ࠊ⮬ぬࡋ࡚࠸࡞࠿ࡗࡓᏊ࡝ࡶ᫬௦ࡢࢺ࣐ࣛ࢘ࢆ⮬↛࡟⾲⌧ࡋࡓேࡀከࡃࠊࡑࢀࡣ
↓ព㆑ࡢ୰࡛ᢚᅽࡋ࡚ࡁࡓࡶࡢ࡛࠶ࡗࡓࡢ࠿ࡶࡋࢀ࡞࠸ࠋ
࡞࠾ࠊࠝసရ㸱ࠞࡢ  ௦⏨ᛶ୍ேࡔࡅࡣࠊணࡵᥥࡁࡓ࠸ࡇ࡜ࢆỴࡵ࡚ୗ⤮ࢆࡶࡗ࡚࣮࣡ࢡ
ࢩࣙࢵࣉ࡟ཧຍࡋࠊ㯲ࠎ࡜ᥥ࠸࡚ࢩ࢙࢔ࣜࣥࢢࡢ᫬㛫ࡶཷࡅ㌟ࡢ≧ែ࡛࠶ࡗࡓࠋぶ࠿ࡽ῝้࡞࣐ࣝࢺ࣮ࣜࢺ࣓ࣥࢺࢆཷࡅ࡞ࡀࡽࠊ㧗ᗘ⤒῭ᡂ㛗ࡢ┿ࡗࡓࡔ୰࡛ࠊᮍ᮶ࠊ㹑㹄ࠊ⛉Ꮫᢏ⾡࡟ᕼᮃࢆឤࡌ࡚࠸ࡓࡇ࡜ࢆᥥ࠸ࡓసရࢆṧࡋࡓࠋ᫬㛫ࡢ㛵ಀ࠿ࡽࡇࡢேࡢ≀ㄒࢆࡌࡗࡃࡾ
⪺ࡃࡇ࡜ࡀ࡛ࡁࡎࠊ୍ᅇࡔࡅࡢཧຍ࡛࠶ࡗࡓࡓࡵࠊࡑࡢᚋࡢኚ໬ࢆ㏣࠺ࡇ࡜ࡶ࡛ࡁ࡞࠿ࡗࡓࠋ
ࡑࡢᚋ࡟࡞ࡗ࡚ࠕᬯࡃ㔜࠸ࢺ࣐ࣛ࢘ࡣᾘ࠼࡞࠸ࠖ࡜ࡢឤ᝿ࢆసရ࢟ࣕࣉࢩࣙࣥ࡟グࡋࡓ᭩㢮ࡀᒆ࠸ࡓࠋసရࢆᥥ࠸ࡓᚋ࡟᫬㛫ࢆྲྀࡗ࡚ࠊࡶࡗ࡜ಶูࡢࢫࢺ࣮࣮ࣜ࡟⪥ࢆഴࡅࠊ㐣ཤࢆ୍⥴࡟ಠ▔ࡍࡿࡇ࡜ࡀ࡛ࡁ࡚࠸ࡓࡽࠊୖグࡢࡼ࠺࡞ឤ᝿࡟ࡣ࡞ࡽ࡞࠿ࡗࡓ࠿ࡶࡋࢀ࡞࠸ࠋࡇࡢ
ࡼ࠺࡞࣮࣡ࢡࢩࣙࢵࣉࢆ⾜࠺㝿࡟ࡣࠊ㞟ᅋࡔࡅ࡛ࡣ࡞ࡃࠊಶูࡢ㓄៖࣭ࢣ࢔ࡶ༑ศ࡟ᐇ᪋࡛
ࡁࡿయไࢆᩚ࠼࡚࠾ࡃࡇ࡜ࡶࠊᙜ஦⪅ࡢẼ࡙ࡁࢆ㧗ࡵࡿୖ࡛኱ษ࡞せ⣲࡟࡞ࡿ࡜⪃࠼ࡽࢀࡓࠋ㸬7,& ᐇ㊶࢚̿ࣥࣃ࣓࣡ࣥࢺ࡟ࡘ࡞ࡀࡿྍ⬟ᛶ௒ᅇࡢྲྀࡾ⤌ࡳ࠿ࡽゝ࠼ࡿࡇ࡜ࡣࠊ࢔࣮ࢺࢆ͆⾲⌧͇ࡢ፹యࡢ୍ࡘ࡜ࡋ࡚ά⏝ࡍࡿࡇ࡜ࡀ
ேࠎ࡟ࢺ࣐ࣛ࢘࡬ࡢẼ࡙ࡁࢆ୚࠼ࠊࡑࡢࢺ࣐ࣛ࢘ࢆ㐣ཤࡢࡶࡢ࡟ࡍࡿࡇ࡜ࡀ࢚ࣥࣃ࣓࣡ࣥ
ࢺ࡟ࡘ࡞ࡀࡿྍ⬟ᛶࢆ⛎ࡵ࡚࠸ࡿ࡜࠸࠺ࡇ࡜࡛࠶ࡿࠋᏳ඲Ᏻᚰ࡞✵㛫ࡢ୰࡛ࠊゝⴥ࡛ࡣ࡞࠸
⤮࡜࠸࠺ᙧ࡛⾲⌧ࡋ࡚ࡶࡽ࠺ࡇ࡜ࡀࠊゝⴥ࡟ࡣ࡞ࡽ࡞࠸ఱ࠿ࢆ⏕ࡴࡇ࡜࡟࡞ࡗࡓேࡶ࠸ࡓ
ࡢࡣ஦ᐇ࡛࠶ࡿࠋ࡜ࡾࢃࡅࠊࡇࡇࢁ࡟ࡉࡲࡊࡲ࡞യࡘࡁ㸦ࢺ࣐ࣛ࢘㸧ࢆᢪ࠼࡚ࡁࡓே࡟ࡣࠊ
ࡇࡢ㠀ゝㄒⓗ࡞ྲྀࡾ⤌ࡳࡀࡼࡾ᭷ព⩏࡛࠶ࡿࡇ࡜ࢆᐇឤࡋࡓࠋ⤮ࡣࠊ┠࡟ぢ࠼ࡿᙧ࡛ṧࡿ࡜࠸࠺ព࿡࡛ࠊᙜ஦⪅࡟࡜ࡗ࡚᪂ࡓ࡞Ⓨぢ࡟ࡘ࡞ࡀࡾࡸࡍ࠸ࠋࡑࢀࡲ࡛⮬ศࡀព㆑ࡶࡋ࡞࠿ࡗ
ࡓࡇ࡜ࡀ┠ࡢ๓࡟⌧ࢀ࡚ࡃࡿࡓࡵ࡟ࠊᙜᝨࡋࡓࡾࠊ┠ࢆࡑࡴࡅࡓࡾࡋࡓࡃ࡞ࡿࡢࡣᙜ↛࡛࠶ࡿࠋࡋ࠿ࡋࠊࡑࢀࢆඹ᭷ࡍࡿ͆క㉮⪅͇ࡀ㏆ࡃ࡟࠸ࡿࡔࡅ࡛ࠊࡑࡇ࠿ࡽ᪂ࡓ࡟ࠊ⤮ࡢḟࡢᒎָߏ҈સਬ਒ιϱνʖ‫ن‬གྷ ୊  ‫ת‬㛤࡟⮬ࡽ➹ࢆ㊊ࡋ࡚࠸ࡃேࡀከ࠿ࡗࡓࠋཧຍ⪅ࡢ୰୍࡛ேࡔࡅ࡯࡜ࢇ࡝⤮ࡀᥥࡅࡎࠊ㏵୰࡛
㏥ᖍࡋࡼ࠺࡜ࡍࡿேࡀ࠾ࡾࠊᚋࢆ㏣࠸࠿ࡅ࡚࿧ࡧṆࡵಶู࡟ᑐヰࢆࡍࡿᶵ఍ࢆᣢࡗࡓࠋࡑࡢ
᪉ࡣඖබົဨ࡛⏕┿㠃┠ࡔࡀ⢭⚄ࡢ⑓࡟࠿࠿ࡗ࡚ࡋࡲࡗࡓࠋ೺ᖖ⪅࡜࡞ࡿኵ࡟ㄏࢃࢀཧຍ
ࢆࡋࡓࡶࡢࡢࠊࡉࡗࡥࡾᥥࡃࡶࡢࡀᛮ࠸ࡘ࠿࡞࠸࡜ヰࡋࡓࠋヰ㢟ࡀ⌧≧࠿ࡽ㐣ཤ࣭ᮍ᮶ࢆ୍
ᕠࡍࡿ୰࡛ࠊࡑࡢேࡣ⮬ศࡀඖẼࡔࡗࡓ᫬࡟ዲࡁࡔࡗࡓࡶࡢࢆᛮ࠸ฟࡉࢀࡓࠋࡑࡢᚋࡣⓙࡀ⤮ࢆᥥࡃ఍ሙ࡬ᡠࡿࡇ࡜࡜࡞ࡾࠊࡑࢀࡀḟᅇࡢ⏕ࡁ⏕ࡁࡋࡓ⾲⌧࡟ࡘ࡞ࡀࡗ࡚࠸ࡗࡓࠋࡇࡢ
ࣉࣟࢭࢫࡣࠊ⮬ศ࡟⛎ࡵࡽࢀࡓෆ࡞ࡿຊ࡟Ẽ࡙ࡁࠊ᪂ࡓ࡞୍Ṍࢆ㋃ࡳฟࡍࡁࡗ࠿ࡅ࡟࡞ࡗࡓ
࡜⪃࠼ࡽࢀࡿࠋࡇࡢࡼ࠺࡟௒ᅇࡢ࣮࣡ࢡࢩࣙࢵࣉ࡛ࡣࠊഐ࡟࠸ࡿࡇ࡜ࡀᙜ஦⪅ࡢ࢚ࣥࣃ࣓࣡
ࣥࢺ࡟ࡘ࡞ࡀࡗ࡚࠸ࡃࣉࣟࢭࢫ࡟ࠊఱᗘࡶ❧ࡕྜ࠺ࡇ࡜ࡀ࡛ࡁࡓࠋ
ࢺ࣐ࣛ࢘࢖ࣥࣇ࢛࣮࣒ࢻࢣ࢔㸦7,&㸧࡜ࡣࠊࢺ࣐ࣛ࢘య㦂ࡢᙳ㡪ࢆㄆ㆑ࡋࡓୖ࡛ࠊᐇ㊶ࡢ㐣⛬࡛࡝ࡢࡼ࠺࡟ࡑࡢࢺ࣐ࣛ࢘࡜ᑐᓖࡋ࡚࠸ࡃ࠿ࡀၥࢃࢀࡿࠋࡑࡢ㝿࡟↓⌮࡟ࡑࡢ㎞࠸య㦂ࢆ⪺ࡁฟࡍࡇ࡜ࡣࠊ࠿ࡉࡪࡓࢆ↓⌮ࡸࡾࡣࡀࡍࡼ࠺࡞౵くⓗ࡞ᑐᛂ࡜࡞ࡾ࠿ࡡ࡞࠸ࠋࡑࡢ
ព࿡࡛ࡣࠊᮏேࡀ⾲⌧ࡍࡿ୰࡛ฟ࡚ࡁࡓᚰࡢࡋࡇࡾ࡟ࡘ࠸࡚ࠊ୍⥴࡟୎ᑀ࡟ྲྀࡾᢅࡗ࡚࠸ࡃࡇ࡜ࡀ㔜せ࡜࡞ࡿࠋࡑࡇ࡟௚⪅ࡀ௓ᅾࡋ࡚࠸ࡿࡇ࡜ࡀࠊࢺ࣐ࣛ࢘࢖ࣥࣇ࢛࣮࣒ࢻ࡞ᐇ㊶࡟ࡣḞ࠿ࡏ࡞࠿ࡗࡓࠋ
ࡶࡕࢁࢇࠊ⤮ࡔࡅ࡛ࡣ࡞ࡃࠊ㌟యࢆ౑ࡗࡓ⾲⌧㸦ࢲࣥࢫࠊ࣮ࣚ࢞ࠊ₇๻ࠊ▂᝿㸧࡞࡝ࠊ⾲⌧ࡢ᪉ἲࡣከᵝ࡛࠶ࡾࠊࡇࢀࡽࡢྲྀࡾ⤌ࡳࡀ」㞧࡞ࢺ࣐ࣛ࢘࡟࡜ࡾࢃࡅ᭷ຠ࡛࠶ࡿࡇ࡜ࡣࠊ
ࢺ࣐ࣛ࢘ᨭ᥼ࡢ㡿ᇦ࡛㧗ྡ࡞ࣦ࢓࣭ࣥࢹ࢔࣭ࢥ࣮ࢡ㸦㸧ࡀグࡋ࡚࠸ࡿ࡜ࡇࢁ࡛࠶ࡿ>@ࠋᮏ✏࡛ᙉㄪࡋࡓ࠸ࡢࡣࠊ༑ศ࡟‽ഛࡉࢀࡓᏳ඲Ᏻᚰ࡞✵㛫࡛ྲྀࡾ⤌ࡴಶࠎࡢ⾲⌧άືࡀࠊᆅ
ᇦࡢ୰࡛ࢺ࣐ࣛ࢘࠿ࡽᅇ᚟ࡍࡿ୍ᡭẁ࡜ࡋ࡚ࠊ⒵ࡋࡸᅇ᚟ࢆࡶࡓࡽࡍྍ⬟ᛶࢆᣢࡘ࡜࠸࠺
ࡇ࡜࡛࠶ࡿࠋࡑࡇ࡟ࢺ࣐ࣛ࢘࢖ࣥࣇ࢛࣮࣒ࢻ࡞ᐇ㊶ࡀ࠶ࡿ࡜⪃࠼ࡽࢀࡓࠋ
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ୖグࡢ⤮ࡣࠊᒎぴ఍ࠗࢺ࣐ࣛ࢘ᒎ㸫ぢ࡚࡞࠸ࡇ࡜࡬ࡢᐤࡾ㐨 ࠘࡜࠸࠺ᙧ୍࡛⯡බ㛤ࢆࡉࡏ࡚࠸ࡓࡔ࠸ࡓࠋࡲࡓࡑࡢసရࢆ⌮ゎࡍࡿࡓࡵ࡟ࠊ ᖺ⛅࡟ࡣࠕᏊ࡝ࡶ᫬௦ࡢࢺ࣐ࣛ࢘̾
⤮ࢆ፹య࡟⪃࠼ࡿࠖ࡜࠸࠺࢜ࣥࣛ࢖ࣥ◊ಟ఍ࢆ㛤ദࡋࡓࠋࡑࡢ௻⏬࡟ࡣࠊᐇ㝿ࡢ⤮ࢆ⫼ᬒ࡟ࠊᑠඣ⛉་ࠊ࢔࣮ࢸ࢕ࢫࢺࠊᏛᰯ⌧ᙺᩍဨࠊ132 ⫋ဨࠊᮏ௻⏬⪅ࡀⓏቭࡋࡓࠋཧຍ⪅  ྡࡢẚ㍑ⓗᑠࡉ࡞◊ಟ఍࡛࠶ࡗࡓࡀࠊཧຍ⪅ࡢ஦ᚋ࢔ࣥࢣ࣮ࢺ࡛ࡣࠊᏊ࡝ࡶ᫬௦ࡢࢺ࣐ࣛ࢘ࡢ⤮ࢆ୍⥴࡟ほ࡚⪃࠼ࡿࡇ࡜ࢆ㏻ࡋ࡚ࠊ
ࠕᏊ࡝ࡶࡢࢺ࣐ࣛ࢘ࢆ㌟㏆࡟ឤࡌࡿࠖࡼ࠺࡟࡞ࡾࠊ
ࠕᏊ࡝ࡶ᫬௦ࡢࢺ࣐ࣛ࢘ࡀࡑࡢᚋࡢே⏕࡟ᙳ㡪ࡀ࠶ࡿࠖ࡜ឤࡌࡿࡼ࠺࡟࡞ࡗࡓ࡜࠸࠺ኌࡀከࡃᐤ
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⪅ࡀࠊ͆ࡸࡗ࡚ࡳࡓ࠸͇࡜ࡘࡪࡸ࠸ࡓࡇ࡜࡟➃ࢆⓎࡋ࡚࠸ࡿࠋ୺ⴭ⪅ࡣࠊᮏ௻⏬ࢆጞࡵࡿ㝿࡟ࡶࠊ㐠Ⴀࡍࡿ㝿࡟ࡶࠊ࠸ࡘࡶᙜ஦⪅ࡢኌࢆ᭱኱㝈࡟⏕࠿ࡑ࠺࡜⪃࠼࡚ࡁࡓࠋᥥࡃഃ࡟࡜ࡗ
࡚ࡶࠊᥥ࠸ࡓ⤮ࢆほࡿഃ࡟࡜ࡗ࡚ࡶࠊデᐹᐊࡸ࢝࢘ࣥࢭࣜࣥࢢࡢ㠃᥋ᐊ࡛ࡣ࡞ࡃࠊᆅᇦ࡜࠸
࠺ࠕᖹሙࠖឤࡢ࠶ࡿ࡜ࡇࢁ࡛௻⏬ࢆ㐍ࡵࡿࡇ࡜ࡀ࡛ࡁࡓࡢࡣࠊᑐ➼ᛶࢆᙉㄪࡍࡿព࿡࡛ࡶព
⩏ࡀ࠶ࡗࡓ࡜ឤࡌ࡚࠸ࡿࠋࡑࡇ࡟ࡣࠊே࡜ேࡀᶓ࡛ࡘ࡞ࡀࡾࠊ⤮࡜࠸࠺፹యࢆ㏻ࡌ࡚ᑐヰࡀ㐍ࡴࠊ௚࡟ࡣ௦࠼ࡀࡓ࠸▐㛫ࡀ࠶ࡗࡓࠋࡉࡲࡊࡲ࡞᪉ࠎࡢ࠾ຊῧ࠼ࡀ࠶ࡗࡓ࠿ࡽࡇࡑࠊ༠ാ
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୉Ԯଠ ֈͳ͏͑න‫׈ݳ‬ಊΝ௪͢ͱ‫͚ͱ͓ݡ‬Ζࢢʹ΍࣎େ͹φϧΤϜ
-Practice of traumatic informed careChildhood trauma that can be seen through the expression activity of painting

Yuuka Ooka * Masahiro Iwakiri** Yozo Takino**
Reiko Asai *** Toshiro Maihara***

* Mukogawa Women’s University**National Center for School Safety Promotion*** Hyogo Prefectural Amagasaki General Medical Center

Abstract
Trauma Informed Care refers to support based on trauma understanding.
Understanding trauma-informed care begins with recognizing some of us who may be
traumatized. This paper is a report of "Kokoro Art Expression Project" in 2019. It is aneffort to have the picture express one’s difficult experience and difficulty living in themind. In a safe and secure space, we aimed to support empowerment by allowing
individuals to face memories that cannot be translated into language, and in the process,to be aware of the power hidden in them and to take new steps, to enhance the resilienceof such people. The target is those who want to express themselves in art. As a result, 40
mentally handicapped people, their families, and supporters participated. We foundtrauma in many of the works we were asked to write about one’s life. When categorized,
it became mal-treatment, grief, trapping, and so on. In this paper, we discussed paintings
depicting childhood traumas. By drawing a picture, an unconscious childhood trauma
emerged, and being aware of it led to the empowerment of the person. It was confirmedthat it was necessary to respond sensitively to people who might have trauma.
Key word: art, trauma, childhoodᏛᰯᏳ඲᥎㐍ࢭࣥࢱ࣮⣖せ ➨ 1 ᕳ

EMDR ࡢస⏝࣓࢝ࢽࢬ࣒࡜࣏ࣦ࢙࣮ࣜ࢞ࣝ⌮ㄽ࡟ࡘ࠸࡚

ࡸࡲ࠺ࡕ ࡳ

࡯࠸ࢃࡁࡾࡲࡉࡦࢁ

ᒣෆ⨾✑*ࠊᒾษᫀᏹ***ᅜ❧ᚠ⎔ჾ⑓◊✲ࢭࣥࢱ࣮**኱㜰ᩍ⫱኱ᏛᏛᰯᏳ඲᥎㐍ࢭࣥࢱ࣮

PTSD ࡢ἞⒪ἲࡢ୍ࡘ࡛࠶ࡿ EMDR㸦Eye-Movement Desensitization and Reprocessing㸧ࡣࠊ࢚ࣅࢹࣥࢫࡢ☜❧ࡉࢀࡓࡶࡢ࡛࠶ࡿࡀࠊࡑࡢస⏝࣓࢝ࢽࢬ࣒࡟ࡘ࠸࡚ࡣࠊࡼࡃࢃ࠿ࡗ࡚
࠸࡞࠸ࠋࡑࡢࡓࡵࠊ⌧ᅾࠊᵝࠎ࡞ศ㔝࠿ࡽሗ࿌ࡉࢀ࡚࠸ࡿస⏝࣓࢝ࢽࢬ࣒ࡢ◊✲ࢆ⤂௓ࡋࠊࡲ࡜ࡵࡓࠋࡲࡓࠊ᭱㏆ὀ┠ࡉࢀ࡚࠸ࡿ Porges ࡢ࣏ࣦ࢙࣮ࣜ࢞ࣝ⌮ㄽ࠿ࡽ PTSD ࡜ࠊࡑࡢᅇ
᚟࡟ࡶࡘ࡞ࡀࡿ࡛࠶ࢁ࠺ࠕ࠶ࡑࡧࠖ
ࠊࡑࡋ࡚ EMDR ࡟ࡘ࠸࡚ࡶゝཬࡋࡓࠋ࣮࣮࢟࣡ࢻ㸸 EMDRࠊ୧ഃᛶ่⃭ࠊ࣏ࣦ࢙࣮ࣜ࢞ࣝ⌮ㄽࠊ࠶ࡑࡧ

Ϩ㸬ࡣࡌࡵ࡟ ࢺ࣐ࣛ࢘஦㇟࡟㐼㐝ࡍࡿ࡜ᚰ⌮㠃࣭㌟య㠃࣭⾜ື㠃࡛ࡢᵝࠎ࡞ࢫࢺࣞࢫ཯ᛂࡀ⏕ࡌࡿࡀࠊࡇࡢ཯ᛂ⮬యࡣṇᖖ࡞཯ᛂ࡛࠶ࡾࠊ᫬㛫࡜ඹ࡟⮬↛࡞⤒㐣ࢆ㎺ࡾ㍍ῶࡍࡿࡇ࡜ࡶከ࠸ࠋࡋ࠿
ࡋ୍㒊ࡢࢫࢺࣞࢫ཯ᛂࡣ PTSD㸦Posttraumatic Stress Disorder; እയᚋࢫࢺࣞࢫ㞀ᐖ㸧ࢆ㉳ࡇࡍ࡞࡝ࠊࢺ࣐ࣛ࢘஦㇟ࡢయ㦂⪅࡬㛗ᮇ㛫࡟ᙳ㡪ࢆ୚࠼ࡿሙྜࡀ࠶ࡿࡓࡵࠊ㐺ษ࡞ᑐฎࡀᚲせ࡛࠶ࡿࠋࢺ࣐ࣛ࢘ࡸ PTSD ࡟ຠᯝࡀ࠶ࡿ἞⒪࢔ࣉ࣮ࣟࢳࡢࡦ࡜ࡘ࡜ࡋ࡚ EMDR㸦EyeMovement Desensitization and Reprocessing㸸║⌫㐠ື࡟ࡼࡿ⬺ឤస࡜෌ฎ⌮ἲ㸧ࡀ࠶ࡾࠊᣢ⥆࢚ࢡࢫ࣏࣮ࢪ࣮ࣕ⒪ἲ㸦prolonged exposure therapy: PE㸧࡜ඹ࡟࢚ࣅࢹࣥࢫࡢ࠶ࡿ἞⒪ἲ࡜ࡋ࡚ㄆࡵࡽࢀ࡚࠸ࡿ[1]ࠋ
EMDR ࡀ PE ࡞࡝௚ࡢࢺ࣐ࣛ࢘↔Ⅼ໬ㄆ▱⾜ື⒪ἲ࡜㐪࠺Ⅼࡣࠊձฟ᮶஦ࡢヲ⣽࡞ㄝ᫂ࡣࡋ࡞࠸ղಙᛕ࡬ࡢ┤᥋ⓗ࡞ᣮᡓࡣࡋ࡞࠸ճ㛗᫬㛫ࡢ᭚㟢ࢆࡋ࡞࠸մᐟ㢟ࢆ⾜ࢃ࡞࠸ࡇ࡜
ࡀ࠶ࡆࡽࢀࡿࠋࡲࡓࠊEMDR ࡢ≉ᚩ࡜ࡋ࡚ࠊ║⌫㐠ື࡞࡝୧ഃᛶࡢ஺஫่⃭ࢆ୚࠼ࡿࡇ࡜࡛࠶ࡿࠋϩ㸬(0'5 ࡟࠾ࡅࡿ 376' ࡟ᑐࡍࡿస⏝࣓࢝ࢽࢬ࣒ࡢ◊✲
EMDR ࡣࠊ㛤Ⓨ⪅ࡢ Shapiro ࡀ║⌫ࢆᕥྑ࡟ື࠿ࡍࡇ࡜࡛౵くⓗ࡞⪃࠼࠿ࡽゎᨺࡉࢀࡿࡇ࡜࡟Ẽ௜࠸ࡓࡇ࡜࡟ጞࡲࡿࠋᙜึࡇࡢ║⌫㐠ືࡣᚰ⌮ⓗⱞ③࡟ᑐࡋ࡚⬺ឤసࢆᘬࡁ㉳ࡇࡍ࡜⪃࠼ࡽࢀ࡚࠸ࡓࡀࠊ㛤Ⓨࡀ㐍ࡴ࡟ࡘࢀ࡚ࠊ║⌫㐠ືࡣグ᠈ฎ⌮ࢆಁ㐍ࡍࡿᶵ⬟ࢆᣢࡘ࡜⪃࠼ࡽࢀࡿࡼ࠺࡟࡞ࡗࡓࠋࡲࡓ୧ഃᛶ่⃭㸦Bilateral Stimulation: BLS㸧࡛ࡶྠᵝ࡞ຠᯝࡀ࠶ࡿࡇ࡜ࡀࢃ࠿ࡾࠊ║⌫㐠ື௨እ࡟㡢่⃭ࡸ᣺ື่⃭㸦ࢱࢵࣆࣥࢢࠊࣃࣝࢧ࣮➼㸧ࢆ⏝࠸࡚㌟యࡢ୧ഃ࡟஺஫่⃭ࢆ୚࠼ࡿࡇ࡜ࡶ⾜ࢃࢀࡿࡼ࠺࡟࡞ࡗࡓࠋࡋ࠿ࡋࠊEMDR ࡜ࡋ࡚ࡢ55

ᒣෆ࣭ᒾษ EMDR ࡢస⏝࣓࢝ࢽࢬ࣒࡜࣏ࣦ࢙࣮ࣜ࢞ࣝ⌮ㄽ࡟ࡘ࠸࡚

PTSD ࡬ࡢ᭷ຠᛶࡀ☜❧ࡉࢀࠊ௚ࡢ⢭⚄⑌ᝈ࡬ࡢᛂ⏝ࡶ◊✲ࡉࢀࡿࡼ࠺࡟࡞ࡗ࡚ࡁ࡚࠸ࡿ
࡟ࡶ࠿࠿ࢃࡽࡎࠊࡑࡢస⏝࣓࢝ࢽࢬ࣒ࡣࠊ࠸ࡲࡔ࡟ࡣࡗࡁࡾࡋ࡚࠸࡞࠸ࠋ
᭱㏆ࡢ◊✲࡛ࡣࠊᵝࠎ࡞᪉㠃ࡼࡾ EMDR ཬࡧ୧ഃᛶ่⃭࡟ࡘ࠸࡚ࡢ◊✲ࡀ࡞ࡉࢀ࡚࠾ࡾࠊ
ࡑࡢⅬ࡛ࡣゎ᫂࡟ྥࡅ࡚๓㐍ࡋ࡚࠸ࡿ࡜ゝ࠼ࡼ࠺ࠋRomero ࡽ(2018)࡟ࡼࡿࠊࡇࢀࡲ࡛ࡢ◊✲ࡢࢩࢫࢸ࣐ࢸ࢕ࢵࢡࣞࣅ࣮ࣗ࡟ࡼࡿ࡜ࠊ኱ࡁࡃࡣ௨ୗࡢ 3 ࡘ࡟ศ㢮ࡉࢀ࡚࠸ࡿ[2]ࠋ
㸯㸬ᚰ⌮Ꮫⓗࣔࢹࣝྂ඾ⓗ࡞᮲௳௜ࡅᐃ఩཯ᛂ࡜ࣜࣛࢡࢮ࣮ࢩࣙࣥ཯ᛂ࡛࠶ࡿࠋDyck (1993)ࡣࠊ⬺ឤసࢭࢵࢩࣙࣥࡢᩥ⬦࡛ࢺ࣐ࣛ࢘ࢆ෌య㦂ࡍࡿࡇ࡜ࡀࠊࢺ࣐ࣛ࢘య㦂ࢆῶᙅࡉࡏࡿ࡜୺ᙇࡋࡓ[3]ࠋ
௚ࡢᚰ⌮Ꮫⓗࣔࢹ࡛ࣝࡶࠊࡇࡢࡼ࠺࡞ᐃ఩཯ᛂ࡜ྠᵝ࡞Ꮫ⩦࡜㐺ᛂࡢ࣓࢝ࢽࢬ࣒࡛ㄝ᫂ࡋ
ࡼ࠺࡜ࡋ࡚࠸ࡿࠋᐃ఩཯ᛂࡣࠊ᪂ࡋ࠸⎔ቃ่⃭࡟ᑐࡋ࡚㉳ࡇࡿ⮬↛࡞ὀព཯ᑕ࡛࠶ࡾࠊ₯ᅾⓗ࡞⬣ጾࢆᵓᡂࡍࡿ࠶ࡽࡺࡿ่⃭࡟ᑐࡋࠊ⾑ὶࠊᚰᢿᩘࠊ⓶⭵ࢥࣥࢲࢡࢱࣥࢫࡢቑຍ࡞࡝ࡢ
⮬ᚊ⚄⤒཯ᛂࡢኚ໬ࢆక࠺ึᮇ෾⤖཯ᛂ࡜ࡋ࡚⌧ࢀࡿࠋ༴㝤ࡀ࡞ࡅࢀࡤࠊࡇࡢึᮇ཯ᛂࡣࡍ
ࡄ࡟ࣜࣛࢵࢡࢫࡋࡓឤぬ࡟ኚࢃࡿࠋArmstrong ࡜ Vaughan (1996)ࡣࠊᅇ㑊ࡏࡎ࡟እയᛶグ᠈࡟࢔ࢡࢭࢫࡍࡿࡇ࡜ࢆᐜ᫆࡟ࡍࡿᐃ఩཯ᛂࢆㄏⓎࡋࠊᕪࡋ㏕ࡗࡓ⬣ጾࡀ࡞࠸࡜ุ᩿ࡉࢀ
ࡓᚋ࡟ࠊࡑࡢᚋࡢᛴ㏿࡞ᾘ⁛ࢆᘬࡁ㉳ࡇࡍ࡜࠸࠺ᾘ⁛ࣔࢹࣝࢆᥦ᱌ࡋ࡚࠸ࡿ[4]ࠋྠᵝ࡟ࠊ
MacCulloch ࡜ Feldman (1996)ࠊࡑࡋ࡚ Wilson ࡽ (1996)ࡣࠊEM ࡟ࡼࡗ࡚ᘬࡁ㉳ࡇࡉࢀࡿ஧㔜ὀពࢱࢫࢡࡀᐃ఩཯ᛂࡢᘬࡁ㔠࡟࡞ࡾ[5][6]ࠊࡲࡓࠊࡇࡢᐃ఩཯ᛂࡣࠊ㐺ᛂⓗ࡞᥈⣴ⓗ཯ᛂ࡜⮫ᗋⓗ࡟ㄏⓎࡉࢀࡓ୙ᛌ࡞グ᠈ࢆ࣌࢔࡟ࡋ࡚ࠊࡑࡢࢿ࢞ࢸ࢕ࣈ࡞ຠᯝࢆྲྀࡾ㝖ࡃ࡜࠸࠺ࠋࡇࢀࡽࡢⴭ⪅ࡣࠊ௚ࡢᙧែࡢ୧ഃᛶ่⃭㸦ࡍ࡞ࢃࡕࠊゐぬࡸ⫈ぬ㸧ࡶྠᵝ࡟ࠊᐃ఩཯ᛂࢆㄏⓎࡍࡿࡇ࡜ࢆ♧၀ࡋ࡚࠸ࡿࠋ
࣮࣡࢟ࣥࢢ࣓࣮ࣔࣜࣔࢹࣝ࡟ࡼࡿㄝ᫂࡜ࡋ࡚ࡣࠊBaddeley ࡜ Hitch(1974)࡟ࡼࡿ࣮࣡࢟
ࣥࢢ࣓ࣔࣜࡢከᡂศࣔࢹࣝࡀ࠶ࡾࠊ஧㔜ㄢ㢟㸦ࡍ࡞ࢃࡕࠊEM ࡜どぬⓗ࢖࣓࣮ࢪ㸧ࡣࠊ㝈ࡽࢀࡓᐜ㔞ࡢど✵㛫ࢫࢣࢵࢳࣃࢵࢻ࡜୰ᯡᇳ⾜࣮࣡࢟ࣥࢢ࣓ࣔࣜࡢࣜࢯ࣮ࢫࢆ౑⏝ࡍࡿࡇ࡜࡟࡞ࡿࡓࡵࠊࡇࡢࡼ࠺࡞ࣜࢯ࣮ࢫࡢ➇ྜࡣ࢖࣓࣮ࢪࢆᦆ࡞࠺ࡇ࡜࡟࡞ࡾࠊࡑࡢ⤖ᯝࠊ୙✜࡞࢖࣓࣮ࢪࡣឤ᝟ⓗ࡛㩭࡛᫂ࡣ࡞ࡃ࡞ࡿ࡜࠸࠺[7]ࠋࡑࡢᚋࡢ◊✲࡛ࡶࠊࢺ࣐ࣛ࢘ⓗ࡞グ᠈࠿ࡽࡢឤ᝟ⓗ࡞㞳⬺࡟ EM ࡀ㔜せ࡞ᙺ๭ࢆᯝࡓࡋ࡚࠸ࡿࡇ࡜ࡀࢃ࠿ࡗ࡚࠸ࡿ(Baddeley andAndrade, 2000; van den Hout et al., 2013)[8][9]ࠋ
㸰㸬ᚰ⌮⏕⌮Ꮫⓗࣔࢹ࣭ࣝᐃ఩཯ᛂ࡟క࠺⏕⌮ⓗኚ໬๓㏙ࡢෆᐜ࡜㔜࡞ࡿ㒊ศࡶከ࠸ࡀࠊWilson ࡽ(1996)ࡣࠊ
EMDR ࡢࢩࣥࢢࣝࢭࢵࢩ࡛ࣙࣥࠊ
ᚰᢿᩘ࡜࢞ࣝࣂࢽࢵࢡ⓶⭵཯ᛂࡀ EM ࡢࢭࢵࢺ࡛ῶᑡࡋࠊᣦඛࡢ⓶⭵ ᗘࡀ἞⒪ࢭࢵࢩࣙࣥࡢ⤊஢᫬࡟㛤ጞ᫬ࡼࡾࡶ᭷ព࡟㧗ࡃ࡞ࡿࡇ࡜ࢆほᐹࡋࡓ[6]ࠋࡇࢀࡽࡢຠᯝ࡟ຍ࠼࡚ࠊEM
ࡣࣜࣛࢵࢡࢫ཯ᛂ࡜୍⮴ࡍࡿ࿧྾ࣃࢱ࣮ࣥࡢኚ໬ࢆకࡗ࡚࠸ࡓࠋࡇࢀࡽࡢ⏕⌮ⓗኚ໬ࡣࠊEMDR ἞⒪ᚋࡢ⬺ぬ㓰཯ᛂ࡜୍⮴ࡍࡿࠋElofsson ࡽ(2008)ࡣࠊEM ࢆ౑⏝ࡋ࡚࠸ࡿ᫬࡜౑
⏝ࡋ࡚࠸࡞࠸᫬ࡢᚰ⌮⏕⌮Ꮫⓗ࡞ ᐃ್ࢆグ㘓ࡋࠊẚ㍑ࡋࡓࠋࡑࡢ⤖ᯝࠊᚰᢿᩘࡣ EM ࡢ᭱୰࡟పୗࡋࠊࡑࡢᚋ෌ࡧୖ᪼ࡋࡓࡀࠊࡇࡢຠᯝࡣࢭࢵࢩࣙࣥࡀ㐍ࡴ࡟ࡘࢀ࡚㢧ⴭ࡟࡞ࡗࡓ
[10]ࠋࡲࡓࠊᣦࡢ ᗘࡣ EM ࡢ㛤ጞ┤ᚋ࡟ୖ᪼ࡋࠊࡑࡢᚋࡶᏳᐃࡋ࡚ୖ᪼ࡋ⥆ࡅࠊEM ࡀ⤊஢ࡍࡿ࡜ࡍࡄ࡟పୗࡋࡓࠋ୍᪉ࠊ⓶⭵ࢥࣥࢲࢡࢱࣥࢫ࡜ᚰᢿᩘࡣ่⃭୰࡟పୗࡋࡓࠋࡇࢀࡽ
ࡢኚ໬ࡣࡍ࡭࡚ࠊ⮬ᚊ⚄⤒άື࡟ᑐࡍࡿ๪஺ឤ⚄⤒ࡢᐤ୚ࡀቑຍࡋࡓࡇ࡜࡜୍⮴ࡋࡓࠋ
Barrowcliff ࡽࡣ(2003)ࠊ೺ᖖ⪅ࡢỈᖹ᪉ྥࡢ EM ࡢ㝿࡟⓶⭵ࢥࣥࢲࢡࢱࣥࢫࡀపୗࡍࡿࡇ࡜ࢆⓎぢࡋࡓ[11]ࠋSack ࡽ(2008)ࡣࠊ10 ேࡢ PTSD ᝈ⪅࡟ᶆ‽ⓗ࡞ EMDR ἞⒪ࢆ⾜࠸ࠊ่⃭ࢭࢵࢺෆ࠾ࡼࡧ่⃭ࢭࢵࢺ㛫ࡢ࿧྾࠾ࡼࡧᚰ⮚ࡢ ᐃ್ࡢ㐪࠸࡟ࡼࡿᙳ㡪ࢆㄪ࡭ࡓ56

ᏛᰯᏳ඲᥎㐍ࢭࣥࢱ࣮⣖せ ➨ 1 ᕳ[12]ࠋྛ่⃭ᮇ㛫ࡢ㛤ጞ᫬࡟ࡣࠊ๪஺ឤ⚄⤒⥭ᙇࡢᛴ⃭࡞ୖ᪼ࡀぢࡽࢀࡓࠋࡇࡢᚋࠊ่⃭ࢆ⥆ࡅ࡚࠸ࡿ㛫࡟࿧྾ᩘࡀቑຍࡋࠊᚰᢿᩘࡀῶᑡࡋࡓࡇ࡜࠿ࡽࠊࢫࢺࣞࢫ࡟ࡼࡿぬ㓰ࢆ♧ࡋ࡚࠸ࡿࠋࢭࢵࢩࣙࣥ඲యࡢഴྥ࡜ࡋ࡚ࡣࠊ⏕⌮ⓗ࡞ぬ㓰≧ែࡢῶᙅࡀぢࡽࢀࡓࠋ㸱㸬⚄⤒⏕≀Ꮫⓗࣔࢹ࣭ࣝ኱⬻༙⌫㛫⤖ྜࡢኚ໬
EMDR ࡢ EM ࡀࠊ⬻ᱱࢆ௓ࡋࡓ኱⬻༙⌫㛫ࡢࢥ࣑ࣗࢽࢣ࣮ࢩࣙࣥࢆቑຍࡉࡏࡿࡇ࡜࡛ࠊ
㐃᝿グ᠈ࡢฎ⌮ࡸ࢚ࣆࢯ࣮ࢻグ᠈ࡢ᳨⣴ࢆಁ㐍ࡍࡿ࡜᥎ ࡋ࡚࠸ࡿ◊✲⪅ࡀ࠸ࡿࠋࡇࡢ௬
ㄝࡣࠊ௨๓࡟⾜ࢃࢀࡓᶵ⬟ⓗ࢖࣓࣮ࢪࣥࢢ◊✲࡛ࠊ⾪ືᛶ║⌫㐠ືࡀࢫ࣒࣮ࢬ࡞㏣ᚑᛶ║⌫㐠ືࡼࡾࡶ๓㢌ⴥ⓶㉁ࡢάືࢆ⏕ᡂࡍࡿࡇ࡜ࡀ♧ࡉࢀࡓࡇ࡜࡟୍㒊ᇶ࡙࠸࡚࠸ࡿ
(O'Driscoll et al., 1998)[13]ࠋEEG ࢆ⏝࠸ࡓ୍㐃ࡢ◊✲࡛ࡣࠊEM ࡢ␗࡞ࡿ᮲௳㸦ࡍ࡞ࢃࡕࠊ
⾪ືᛶ EM ࡜㏣ᚑᛶ EMࠊỈᖹ EM ࡜ᆶ┤ EM㸧ࡀ࢚ࣆࢯ࣮ࢻグ᠈࡜༙⌫㛫άື࡟ཬࡰࡍ
ᙳ㡪ࡀ᳨ウࡉࢀ࡚࠸ࡿࠋࡑࡢ⤖ᯝࠊỈᖹ᪉ྥࡢ EM ࡣࠊグ᠈ࡢᅇ᚟ࢆಁ㐍ࡋࠊഇࡾࡢグ᠈ࢆ᭷ព࡟ῶᑡࡉࡏࡿࡇ࡜ࡀࢃ࠿ࡗࡓࠋࡇࡢຠᯝࡣࠊEM ࡟ࡼࡗ࡚㥑ືࡉࢀࡿ༙⌫㛫┦஫స⏝ࡢኚ໬࡟ࡼࡗ࡚ࡼࡾᙳ㡪ࢆཷࡅࡓ(Christoman et al., 2003, 2006; Propper et al., 2007;
Brunyé et al., 2009; Nieuwenhuis et al., 2013)[14][15][16][17][18]ࠋ௚ࡢ◊✲࡛ࡣࠊ⾪ື
ᛶ EM ࡀ㐃᝿グ᠈ࡢฎ⌮ࢆಁ㐍ࡍࡿࡇ࡜ࡀࢃ࠿ࡗ࡚࠾ࡾࠊࡇࡢ௬ㄝࢆ㒊ศⓗ࡟ᨭᣢࡋ࡚࠸
ࡿ㸦Parker and Dagnall, 2007; Parker et al., 2008, 2009㸧[19][20][21]ࠋ㏆ᖺ࡛ࡣࠊ༙⌫㛫⤖ྜ௬ㄝࡢᣑᙇ࡜ࡋ࡚ࠊྑ༙⌫ࡢ༙⌫ෆኚ໬ࡀ༙⌫㛫ኚ໬࡜࡜ࡶ࡟㉳ࡇࡿ 2 ẁ㝵ࡢ⓶㉁ࢥࣄ࣮ࣞࣥࢫࣔࢹࣝ࡞࡝ࡀᥦ᱌ࡉࢀ࡚࠸ࡿ㸦Keller et al., 2014; Yaggie et al., 2015㸧[22][23]ࠋ
࣭⚄⤒⤫ྜ࡜どᗋ⤖ྜࣔࢹࣝ㐣ཤ 10 ᖺ㛫ࡢ⤒㦂ⓗ◊✲࡟ࡼࡾࠊどᗋࡀ▱ぬࠊయᛶឤぬࠊグ᠈ࠊㄆ▱ࣉࣟࢭࢫࡢ⤫ྜ࡟୰ᚰⓗ࡟㛵୚ࡋ࡚࠸ࡿࡇ࡜ࡀ♧ࡉࢀ࡚ࡁࡓࠋࡇࡢࣉࣟࢭࢫࡣ௦᭰ⓗ࡟どᗋ-⓶㉁ࡢ᫬㛫ⓗ⤖ྜࡲࡓࡣ⚄⤒ࢢ࣮ࣟࣂ࣐ࣝࢵࣆࣥࢢ࡜࿧ࡤࢀ࡚࠸ࡿ(Llinás and Ribary, 2001; Llinas et al.,2002)[24][25]ࠋどᗋ-⓶㉁⤖ྜࣔࢹࣝࡣࠊឤぬ᝟ሗࡢ⤫ྜ࡟㛵ࡍࡿ⌮ㄽ࡛࠶ࡾࠊPTSD ࡟࠾ࡅࡿどᗋάືࡢపୗࢆ୍㈏ࡋ࡚♧ࡍ⚄⤒⏬ീ◊✲࡟ࡼࡗ࡚ᨭᣢࡉࢀ࡚࠸ࡿ㸦Lanius et al.,2001, 2003)[26][27]ࠋࡇࡢࣔࢹࣝࡣࠊEM ࡀ⚄⤒ࢿࢵࢺ࣮࣡ࢡ࡟ཬࡰࡍᙳ㡪ࢆㄝ᫂ࡍࡿࡓࡵ
࡟ᥦ᱌ࡉࢀ࡚࠸ࡿࠋBergmann(2008)ࡣࠊBLS ࡀࠊእഃᑠ⬻ࡢάᛶ໬ࢆ௓ࡋ࡚ࠊࡑࡢᚋࡢ⭡እഃ࠾ࡼࡧ୰ኸእഃどᗋ᰾ࡢάᛶ໬ࢆಁ㐍ࡍࡿࡇ࡜ࢆ♧၀ࡋ࡚࠸ࡿ[28]ࠋࡋࡓࡀࡗ࡚ࠊࡇࡢ
ᅇ㊰ࡢάᛶ໬ࡣࠊPTSD ࡛㞀ᐖࡉࢀࡿయᛶឤぬࠊグ᠈ࠊㄆ▱ࠊ᝟ືࠊ༙⌫ࡢྠᮇᶵ⬟ࡢ⤫ྜࢆಁ㐍ࡍࡿ࡜࠸࠺௬ㄝࡀ❧࡚ࡽࢀ࡚࠸ࡿࡀࠊࡲࡔᐇドⓗ࡟᳨ドࡉࢀ࡚࠸࡞࠸ࠋ
Ϫ㸬6KDSLUR ࡟ࡼࡿ㐺ᛂⓗ᝟ሗฎ⌮ࣔࢹࣝ㸦$GDSWLYH,QIRUPDWLRQ3URFHVVLQJ0RGHO㸧㛤Ⓨ⪅ࡢ Shapiro ࡣࠊ㐺ᛂⓗ᝟ሗฎ⌮ࣔࢹࣝ㸦Adaptive Information Processing Model㸹௨ୗ AIP ࣔࢹࣝ㸧ࢆ EMDR ࡢ⌮ㄽⓗᇶ┙࡜ࡋ࡚ᥦၐࡋ࡚࠸ࡿ[29]ࠋ
AIP ࣔࢹ࡛ࣝࡣࠊグ᠈ࢿࢵࢺ࣮࣡ࢡࡀࠊ▱ぬࡸែᗘࠊ⾜ືࡢᇶ♏࡜࡞ࡿࡶࡢ࡛ࠊ᪂ࡋ࠸⤒㦂ࡣࡍ࡛࡟Ꮡᅾࡋ࡚࠸ࡿグ᠈ࢿࢵࢺ࣮࣡ࢡ࡟⮬ືⓗ࡟㛵㐃௜ࡅࡽࢀࡿ[30]ࠋ㐺ษ࡞ឤ᝟ࡢグ᠈ࢿࢵࢺ࣮࣡ࢡ࡟Ꮫ⩦ࡉࢀࡓࡶࡢࡣࠊ㈓ⶶࡉࢀࠊᑗ᮶ᙺ❧࡚ࡿࡇ࡜ࡀ࡛ࡁࡿࡀ[31]ࠊ኱ࡁ࡞
ⱞ③ࢆక࠺ࡼ࠺࡞⤒㦂ࡣ୙༑ศ࡟ࡋ࠿ฎ⌮ࡉࢀࡎ୙㐺ᛂ࡞≧ែ࡛グ᠈ࢿࢵࢺ࣮࣡ࢡ࡟㈓ⶶ
ࡉࢀࡿࡇ࡜ࡀ࠶ࡿࠋ୙㐺ᛂ࡞≧ែ࡟࠶ࡿグ᠈ࢿࢵࢺ࣮࣡ࢡ࡟ᑐࡋ࡚ࠊࡉࡲࡊࡲ࡞ෆⓗ࠾ࡼࡧእⓗ่⃭ࡀᘬࡁ㔠࡜࡞ࡾࠊ୙㐺ษ࡞཯ᛂࢆ㉳ࡇࡍࡓࡵࠊEMDR ⒪ἲ࡛ࡣࠊࡇࡢ AIP ࢩࢫࢸ࣒ࡢࣂࣛࣥࢫࢆᅇ᚟ࡋࠊ᝟ሗฎ⌮ࢆ෌㛤ࡉࡏ࡚㐺ᛂⓗ࡞ゎỴ࡟ᑟࡃ࡜㏙࡭࡚࠸ࡿ[32]ࠋ

57ᒣෆ࣭ᒾษ EMDR ࡢస⏝࣓࢝ࢽࢬ࣒࡜࣏ࣦ࢙࣮ࣜ࢞ࣝ⌮ㄽ࡟ࡘ࠸࡚

ϫ㸬࣏ࣦ࢙࣮ࣜ࢞ࣝ⌮ㄽ
 PTSD ࢆ㉳ࡇࡍࡼ࠺࡞ᙉ࠸ࢫࢺࣞࢫ࡟᭚ࡉࢀࡓ࡜ࡁ࡟⏕ࡌࡿ཯ᛂࢆ Cannon ࡣࠕ㜚த࣭
㏨㉮཯ᛂ(fight-or-flight response)ࠖ࡜ྡ௜ࡅࠊ㌟య࡟࠾ࡅࡿ⮬ᚊ⚄⤒ࡢ஺ឤ⚄⤒άື࡜῝࠸㛵㐃ࡀ࠶ࡿࡇ࡜ࢆᣦ᦬ࡋࡓ[33]ࠋ⮬ᚊ⚄⤒࡟ࡣࠊࡇࡢࢫࢺࣞࢫࡸ⬣ጾ࡟ᑐᢠࡍࡿࡓࡵ࡟ᚲ
せ࡞ാࡁࢆྖࡿ஺ឤ⚄⤒࡜ࠊఇᜥࡸᅇ᚟࡟㛵ࢃࡿ๪஺ឤ⚄⤒ࡀ࠶ࡾࠊ┦஫࡟⿵᏶ࡋ࡞ࡀࡽ⏕యࡢࣂࣛࣥࢫ㸦࣓࣍࢜ࢫࢱࢩࢫ㸧ࢆᩚ࠼࡚࠸ࡿ࡜⪃࠼ࡽࢀ࡚࠸ࡓࠋ ࡇࢀ࡟ᑐࡋࠊPorges ࡣ᪂⏕ඣࡢ⏕࿨ࢆ⬣࠿ࡍᚎ⬦ࡸ↓࿧྾࡜๪஺ឤ⚄⤒ࡢ㛵୚ࢆ◊✲࠿ࡽࠊ๪஺ឤ⚄⤒࡟ࡣᚑ᮶⪃࠼ࡽࢀ࡚࠸ࡓࡶࡢ࡜㐪ࡗ࡚ 2 ✀㢮ࡢ⚄⤒ᅇ㊰ࠊ⭡ഃ㏞㉮⚄⤒⣔࡜⫼ഃ㏞㉮⚄⤒⣔ࡀ࠶ࡾࠊࡑࢀࡒࢀࡢᶵ⬟ࡀ␗࡞ࡗ࡚࠸ࡿࡇ࡜ࢆⓎぢࡋࡓ[34][35]ࠋPorgesࡀⓎ⾲ࡋࡓ࣏ࣦ࢙࣮ࣜ࢞ࣝ⌮ㄽ࡛ࡣࠊ⮬ᚊ⚄⤒࡟ࡣ 3 ࡘࡢ୺せ࡞⚄⤒ᅇ㊰ࡀ࠶ࡿ࡜࠸࠺ࠋ
୍ࡘ┠ࡣࠊ஺ឤ⚄⤒⣔࡛࠶ࡾࠊࠕᜍᛧࠖࢆᐹ▱ࡍࡿ࡜㜚த࣭㏨㉮཯ᛂࢆ㉳ࡇࡍࡶࡢ࡛࠶ࡿࠋ
஧ࡘ┠ࡣࠊ⫼ഃ㏞㉮⚄⤒⣔࡛࠶ࡾࠊࠕ⏕࿨ࡢ༴ᶵࠖࢆᐹ▱ࡍࡿ࡜୙ື໬ࡍࡿࡶࡢ࡛࠶ࡿࠋ୺
࡟ᶓ㝸⭷ୗࡢ⮚ჾࢆᨭ㓄ࡋ࡚࠸ࡿࠋ୙ື໬ࡣࠊື࠿࡞࠸ࡇ࡜࡛ᩛࡸ⎔ቃࡢᝏ໬ࢆࡸࡾ㐣ࡈࡍᑐฎ࡛ࠊ㐍໬ㄽⓗ࡟∐⹸㢮ࠊ㨶㢮࡞࡝ࡼࡾᏑᅾࡍࡿࡶࡢ࡛࠶ࡿࠋ⤯య⤯࿨ࡢ≧ἣୗ࡛ࡣࣇࣜ
࣮ࢬ཯ᛂ㸦෾ࡾ௜ࡃࠊࡶࡋࡃࡣゎ㞳㸧ࡀⓎືࡉࢀࡿࠋ౛࡜ࡋ࡚ࡣᑠື≀ࡀくࢃࢀࠊ㜚தࡶ㏨㉮ࡶ࡛ࡁ࡞࠸≧ἣ࡟࡞ࡗࡓ࡜ࡁ࡟ᨃṚࢆ㉳ࡇࡍ཯ᛂ࡛࠶ࡿࡀࠊ࿧྾ࡀᢚไࡉࢀᚰᢿᩘࡶప
ୗࡍࡿࡓࡵࠊ༴㝤ᛶࢆకࡗࡓ཯ᛂ࡛࠶ࡿࠋ୕ࡘ┠ࡣࠊ့ங㢮ࡔࡅࡀᣢࡗ࡚࠸ࡿ᭷㧊໬ࡉࢀࡓ⭡ഃ㏞㉮⚄⤒⣔࡛࠶ࡿࠋࡇࢀࡣ୺࡟ᶓ㝸⭷ࡼࡾୖࡢ⮚ჾࠊࡍ࡞ࢃࡕᚰ⮚࡜⫵ࠊࡑࡋ࡚ࠊ㢦࡜㢌ࡢ➽⫗ࡢࢥࣥࢺ࣮ࣟࣝࠊࡇࢀࡣ⫈ぬࡸⓎኌ࡟ࡶ㛵ಀࡍࡿࡶࡢ࡛ࠊே࡜ࡢ♫఍ⓗ㛵୚࡟㛵ಀ
ࡍࡿࠋPorges ࡣࠊே㛫ࡢ᭱ࡶ㐺ᛂⓗ࡞≧ែࡣࠊ⭡ഃ㏞㉮⚄⤒⣔ࡀྖࡿࠕᏳ඲࡛ࠖ௚⪅࡜ࡢ㛵ࢃࡾࡀྍ⬟࡞♫఍஺ὶࢩࢫࢸ࣒ࡀ༑ศᶵ⬟ࡋ࡚࠸ࡿ࡜ࡁ࡜ࡋ࡚࠸ࡿࠋࡇࢀࡽ 3 ࡘࡢ⚄⤒ᅇ㊰ࡣࠊ↓ព㆑࡟ࡑࡢ࡜ࡁ▱ぬࡉࢀࡓ≧ἣ࡟ྜࢃࡏ࡚ㄪᩚࡉࢀࡿࡀࠊࡑࡢࡇ࡜ࢆࢽ࣮ࣗࣟࢭ
ࣉࢩࣙࣥ࡜ྡ௜ࡅࡓࠋ
ࢽ࣮ࣗࣟࢭࣉࢩࣙࣥ࡜ࡣ཯ᑕⓗ࡛࠶ࡾࠊ⎔ቃ୰ࡢᵝࠎ࡞ࠕྜᅗࠖࢆホ౯ࡋࠊ༴㝤ࢆᐹ▱ࡋ࡚㐺ᛂⓗ࡞⮬ᚊ⚄⤒⣔ࡢ≧ែࢆࡶࡓࡽࡍࠋࡼࡗ࡚ព㆑ⓗ࡟ࡣ༴㝤ࢆᐹ▱ࡋ࡚࠸࡞ࡃ࡚ࡶࠊ↓ព㆑ୗ࡛⚄⤒ࡀࠕᜍᛧࠖࢆᐹ▱ࡍࡿ࡜⮬ᚊ⚄⤒ࡢ≧ែࡀኚ᭦ࡉࢀࡿࠋᏳ඲࡛࠶ࡿ࡜⌮ゎࡋ࡚࠸ࡿ㧗ᡤ࡛ࡶ㊊ࡀ❻ࡴࡇ࡜ࡀ࠶ࡿࡼ࠺࡟ࠊࡇࢀࡽࡣ⏕⌮Ꮫⓗ࡞≧ែࡢኚ໬࡜ࡋ࡚ឤࡌࡽࢀ
ࡿࠋࡲࡓࠕᏳ඲ࠖ࡜ឤࡌࡿࡇ࡜ࡶ⏕⌮Ꮫⓗ࡞≧ែ࡟౫Ꮡࡋ࡚࠾ࡾࠊ⏕⌮Ꮫⓗ࡞≧ែࢆⴠࡕ╔࠿ࡏࡿ࡜ࠊ♫఍஺ὶࢩࢫࢸ࣒ࡀసືࡋ࡚Ᏻ඲࡛ಙ㢗࡛ࡁࡿே㛫㛵ಀࢆ⤖ࡪࡇ࡜ࡀ࡛ࡁࡿ࡜
ࡋ࡚࠸ࡿࠋϬ㸬࣏ࣦ࢙࣮ࣜ࢞ࣝ⌮ㄽ࠿ࡽぢࡓࢺ࣐ࣛ࢘཯ᛂ
PTSD ࡞࡝ࡢࢺ࣐ࣛ࢘཯ᛂࡣࠊᙜึࡼࡾ⮬ᚊ⚄⤒ࡢᶵ⬟୙඲ࡀ▱ࡽࢀ࡚࠸ࡓࡀࠊ࣏ࣦ࢙ࣜ
࣮࢞ࣝ⌮ㄽࡀࠊ⮬ᚊ⚄⤒ࡸ㌟యᶵ⬟࡜⬻࡜ࡢ㛵ಀ࡟ࡘ࠸࡚ከࡃࡢ♧၀ࢆ୚࠼ࡿ⌮ㄽ࡛࠶ࡾࠊ
PTSD ࡢ◊✲⪅ࡸ㌟యⓗ࡞࢔ࣉ࣮ࣟࢳ࠿ࡽࢺ࣐ࣛ࢘ࡢᨵၿࢆ┠ᣦࡍ⒪ἲࢆ⾜ࡗ࡚࠸ࡓ⮫ᗋᐙ㸦౛࠼ࡤࠊࢯ࣐ࢳࢵࢡ࣭࢚ࢡࢫ࢚࣌ࣜࣥࢩࣥࢢࢺ࣐ࣛ࢘⒪ἲࡢ P. Levine ࡞࡝㸧ࠊEMDR
ࡢ࣓࢝ࢽࢬ࣒ࢆ◊✲ࡋ࡚࠸ࡿ⪅࡞࡝࡟ὀ┠ࡉࢀࡿࡇ࡜࡟࡞ࡗࡓࠋ
࣏ࣦ࢙࣮ࣜ࢞ࣝ⌮ㄽ࡛ࡣࠊ⮬ᚊ⚄⤒⣔ࡢ㸱ࡘࡢୗ఩ࢩࢫࢸ࣒࡜ࡋ࡚ࠊ㐍໬ⓗ࡟ձኴྂ࠿ࡽ
࠶ࡿ⫼ഃ㏞㉮⚄⤒⣔ࠊࡍ࡞ࢃࡕ୙ື໬ࠊ෾ࡾ௜ࡃࠊゎ㞳࡞࡝ࢆ㉳ࡇࡍࡶࡢࠊղ஺ឤ⚄⤒⣔ࠊྍື໬ࠊ㜚த࣭㏨㉮཯ᛂࢆ㉳ࡇࡍࡶࡢࠊճ⫼ഃ㏞㉮⚄⤒⣔ࠊᚰ⮚ࠊ⫵ࠊ⫈ぬࡸⓎኌ࡞࡝ࢆࢥ
ࣥࢺ࣮ࣟࣝࡋࠊ
ࠕᏳ඲࡛࠶ࡿࠖ࡜ឤࡌࡿ࡜ࠊ஺ឤ⚄⤒ࢆᢚไࡋࠊே࡜ࡢ♫఍ⓗ஺ὶࢆಁࡍࡶ
ࡢࡀ࠶ࡾࠊୖ఩ࢩࢫࢸ࣒ࡀୗ఩ࢆไᚚࡋ࡚࠸ࡿ࡜࠸࠺ࠋࡘࡲࡾࠊᏳ඲Ᏻᚰࡋ࡚࠸ࡿ᫬ࡣࠊ⭡58

ᏛᰯᏳ඲᥎㐍ࢭࣥࢱ࣮⣖せ ➨ 1 ᕳഃ㏞㉮⚄⤒ࡀඃ఩࡛ࠊ஺ឤ⚄⤒⣔ࡀᢚไࡉࢀࠊ⫈ぬⓗ࡟ࡶ㐣ᩄ࡟࡞ࡽࡎࠊ⾲᝟ࡶ㇏࠿࡛ࠊⓎኌ࡛ࡶ㡩ᚊࡀ࠶ࡿ≧ែ࡛࠶ࡿࡀࠊ༴㝤ࢆᐹ▱ࡍࡿ࡜ࠊ஺ឤ⚄⤒ࡀඃ఩࡜࡞ࡾࠊ㜚த࣭㏨㉮࣮ࣔࢻ࡜࡞ࡾࠊ⫈ぬࡶప㡢ᇦ࡟ᩄឤ࡞≧ែ࡜࡞ࡿࠋࡑࡋ࡚ࠊࡼࡾ༴㝤࡞⏕࿨ࡢ༴ᶵࢆឤࡌࡿ࡜
ࡁࡣࠊ⫼ഃ㏞㉮⚄⤒ࡀാ࠸࡚ࢩࣕࢵࢺࢲ࢘ࣥࡢ≧ែ࡜࡞ࡿࠋPorges ࡣࠊPTSD ࡢ⑕≧ࡢ୰ࡢࢩࣕࢵࢺࢲ࢘ࣥࡢ≧ែࢆ⮬ᕫ㜵⾨ࡢࡓࡵࡢ⏕ࡁṧࡿࡓࡵࡢ㐺ᛂ≧ែ࡜ࡋ࡚࠸ࡿࡀࠊࡑࡢ
ࡓࡵ࡟♫఍ⓗ஺ὶࡀ㛢ࡊࡉࢀࡓ≧ែ࡟࡞ࡗ࡚࠸ࡿ࡜࠸࠺ࠋࡇࡢࡼ࠺࡞≧ែ࠿ࡽࡢᅇ᚟࡟ࡘ
࠸࡚ࠊࠕ࠶ࡑࡧࠖ࡟ὀ┠ࡋ࡚࠸ࡿࠋࡘࡲࡾࠊ஺ឤ⚄⤒ࡀ㐺ᗘ࡟άᛶ໬ࡉࢀࡓ୰࡛ࡢᏳ඲࡞♫఍ⓗ஺ὶ㸦⭡ഃ㏞㉮⚄⤒ࡢάᛶ໬㸧ࡢ㔜せᛶࢆㄝ᫂ࡋ࡚࠸ࡿࠋ
ϭ㸬EMDR ࢆ࣏ࣦ࢙࣮ࣜ࢞ࣝ⌮ㄽ࠿ࡽ⪃࠼ࡿ
Porges ࡟ࡼࡿ࡜ࠊ
ࠕ࠶ࡑࡧ࡛ࠖࡣ஺ឤ⚄⤒ࡀάᛶ໬ࡍࡿ㌟యࢆື࠿ࡍࡀࠊ┦஫஺ὶࡋ࡚࠾ࡾࠊ㢦ࢆぢྜࢃࡏࡿࡇ࡜࡟ࡼࡗ࡚ࠊ㜚த࣭㏨㉮཯ᛂࡢࡼ࠺࡞㜵⾨཯ᛂࢆᢚไࡋ࡚࠸ࡿࠋEMDR ⒪ἲ࡛ࡣࠊඛ࡟㏙࡭ࡓᚰ⌮Ꮫࣔࢹࣝࡢࡼ࠺࡟㐣ཤࡢྰᐃⓗ࡞グ᠈࡜௒⌧ᅾࡢឤぬ่⃭࡛࠶ࡿ୧ഃᛶ่⃭࡬ࡢ஧㔜ὀពࢆಖࡘࡇ࡜ࡀ᝟ሗฎ⌮ࢆಁ㐍ࡍࡿࡓࡵ࡟㔜せ࡛࠶ࡿ࡜࠸ࢃࢀ࡚࠸ࡿࠋ㐣ཤࡢྰᐃⓗ࡞グ᠈ࡣࠊ㜵⾨཯ᛂࢆᘬࡁ㉳ࡇࡋ࡚஺ឤ⚄⤒ࢆάᛶ໬ࡉࡏࡓࡾࠊ
࠶ࡿ࠸ࡣࠊ⫼ഃ㏞㉮⚄⤒ࡀඃ఩࡟࡞ࡾࠊࢩࣕࢵࢺࢲ࢘ࣥࢆࡶࡓࡽࡍྍ⬟ᛶࡶ࠶ࡿࡀࠊ║⌫ࢆື࠿ࡍࡇ࡜(EM)ࡸ୧ഃᛶ่⃭ࢆឤࡌࡿࡇ࡜ࡢ஧㔜ὀពࡀࠊࠕ࠶ࡑࡧࠖࡢᵓ㐀࡟ఝ࡚࠸ࡿࡇ࡜
ࡸࢭࣛࣆࢫࢺࡢ㛵୚࡟ࡼࡿ┦஫஺ὶࡀ࠶ࡿࡇ࡜࠿ࡽࠊ⭡ഃ㏞㉮⚄⤒ࢆάᛶ໬ࡉࢀࠊᏳᚰឤࢆ
㧗ࡵࡿࡇ࡜ࡀฟ᮶ࡿࡢ࡛ࡣ࡞࠸࠿࡜⪃࠼ࡽࢀࡿࠋࡉࡽ࡟஧㔜ὀពࡢ᭱ᚋ࡟῝࿧྾ࡀຍ࠼ࡽ
ࢀ࡚࠸ࡿࡇ࡜ࡶ㛵ࢃࡗ࡚࠸ࡿ࠿ࡶࡋࢀ࡞࠸ࠋᜥࢆࡺࡗࡃࡾ࡜ྤࡃࡇ࡜࡛⭡ഃ㏞㉮⚄⤒ࡀ่⃭ࡉࢀࠊ⏕⌮Ꮫⓗ࡟ⴠࡕ╔࠸ࡓ≧ែࡀࡶࡓࡽࡉࢀࡿ࡜⪃࠼ࡽࢀࡿࠋKitchur ࡣࠊࠕEMDR ࡢࢭࢵࢺࡢ㛫࡟ᬮ࠿࠸ど⥺ࢆ஺ࢃࡍ࡜࠸ࡗࡓ༢⣧࡞ࡇ࡜ࡀࠊࠗ▱ࡗ࡚ࡶࡽࡗࡓ࠘࡜࠸࠺ࢡࣛ࢖
࢚ࣥࢺࡢෆⓗయ㦂࡜ࠊᚑࡗ࡚ࠊ⮬ᕫࡢព㆑ࢆ῝ࡵࡿྍ⬟ᛶࢆᣢࡗ࡚࠸ࡿࠖ࡜㏙࡭࡚࠸ࡿ[36]ࠋ
ࡲࡓ୧ഃᛶ่⃭ࡢ୰࡛ࡶࠊEM ࡀࡼࡾືࡁࡀ࠶ࡿ㐟ࡧࡢせ⣲ࡀᙉ࠸࡜ࡶ⪃࠼ࡽࢀࠊࡼࡾຠ
ᯝࡀ㧗࠸ࡢ࠿ࡶࡋࢀ࡞࠸ࠋ
Ϯ㸬EMDR ࡜௒ᚋࡢࢺ࣐ࣛ࢘἞⒪
 EMDR ࡢຠᯝ࡟ࡘ࠸࡚ࠊ࢚ࣅࢹࣥࢫࡀ☜❧ࡉࢀ࡚࠸ࡿࡇ࡜ࡣࠊࡼࡃ▱ࡽࢀ࡚࠸ࡿ࡜ࡇࢁ
࡛࠶ࡿࡀࠊࡑࡢస⏝࣓࢝ࢽࢬ࣒ࡢゎ᫂ࡣࠊPTSD ࡢ࣓࢝ࢽࢬ࣒ࡢゎ᫂࡟ࡶࡘ࡞ࡀࡿ࡜ࡇࢁ
࡛࠶ࡿࠋ⌧ᅾࠊPTSD ࡢ἞⒪࡟ࡘ࠸࡚ࠊ⸆≀⒪ἲ࡜ࢺ࣐ࣛ࢘࡟↔Ⅼࢆᙜ࡚ࡓᭀ㟢⒪ἲࡀ୺
ὶ࡛࠶ࡿࡀࠊࡑࢀ࡟㐺ࡉ࡞࠸ࠊࡶࡋࡃࡣࡑࢀࢆ᎘ࡀࡿࢡࣛ࢖࢚ࣥࢺࡣᑡ࡞ࡃ࡞ࡃࠊEMDR
ࡸ㌟యⓗ࡞࢔ࣉ࣮ࣟࢳ࠿ࡽࡢ἞⒪ࡢᚲせᛶࡀࡼࡾቑࡋ࡚ࡃࡿ࡜⪃࠼ࡽࢀࡿࠋࡲࡓࠊᗄࡘ࠿
ࡢ⒪ἲࢆే⏝ࡍࡿࡇ࡜ࡶࡼࡾ᭷ຠ࡞ᡭẁ࡜࡞ࡿࡔࢁ࠺ࠋࡑࡢࡓࡵ࡟ࠊᵝࠎ࡞ศ㔝࠿ࡽࡢ
PTSD ࡢ࣓࢝ࢽࢬ࣒࡟ࡘ࠸࡚ࡢ◊✲ࡀࡑࢀࡽࡢ἞⒪ἲࢆ⿵ᙉࡍࡿࡶࡢ࡜࡞ࡿࡔࢁ࠺ࠋࡲ
ࡓࠊ࣏ࣦ࢙࣮ࣜ࢞ࣝ⌮ㄽࡶࡑࢀ࡟኱ࡁࡃ㈉⊩ࡍࡿࡶࡢ࡜⪃࠼ࡽࢀࡿࠋ௒ᚋࡢ◊✲࡟ᮇᚅࡋࡓ࠸ࠋ

59ᒣෆ࣭ᒾษ EMDR ࡢస⏝࣓࢝ࢽࢬ࣒࡜࣏ࣦ࢙࣮ࣜ࢞ࣝ⌮ㄽ࡟ࡘ࠸࡚

ཧ⪃ᩥ⊩
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62ᏛᰯᏳ඲᥎㐍ࢭࣥࢱ࣮⣖せ ➨ 1 ᕳ

The mechanism of action of EMDR and polyvagal theory
Miho Yamauchi*, Masahiro Iwakiri***National Cerebral and Cardiovascular Center**Osaka Kyoiku University, National Center for School Safety Promotion

EMDR (Eye-Movement Desensitization and Reprocessing), one of the treatment
methods for PTSD, has established evidence, but its mechanism of action is not wellunderstood. For this reason, we have introduced and summarized studies on themechanism of action currently reported from various fields. In addition, based on Porges'
polyvagal theory, which has recently been attracting attention, we discuss PTSD and"play" which may lead to its recovery. EMDR was also mentioned.
Keyword: EMDR, BLS, polyvagal theory, play63ࠕᏛᰯᏳ඲᥎㐍ࢭࣥࢱ࣮⣖せࠖ⦅㞟࣭ฟ∧ᇶ‽ᏛᰯᏳ඲᥎㐍ࢭࣥࢱ࣮㛗⿢ᐃ௧࿴㸱ᖺ㸯᭶㸯᪥1኱㜰ᩍ⫱኱ᏛᏛᰯᏳ඲᥎㐍ࢭࣥࢱ࣮㸦௨ୗࠕᙜࢭࣥࢱ࣮ࠖ࡜࠸࠺ࠋ
㸧ࡢᏛ⾡ㄽᩥࡢⓎ⾲ㄅ࡜ࡋ࡚ࠊࠕᏛᰯᏳ඲᥎㐍ࢭࣥࢱ࣮⣖せࠖ
㸦Research of School Safety Promotion㸧㸦௨ୗࠕ⣖せࠖ࡜࠸࠺ࠋ
㸧ࢆⓎ⾜ࡍࡿࠋ

2⣖せࡣࠊ㟁Ꮚ∧ࡢࡳห⾜ࡍࡿࠋ3⣖せࡣࠊẖᖺᗘⓎ⾜ࡍࡿࠋࡓࡔࡋࠊᢞ✏ㄽᩥ㸦௨ୗࠕㄽᩥࠖ࡜࠸࠺ࠋ
㸧ࡀᑡᩘࡢሙྜ࡟
ࡣࡇࡢ㝈ࡾ࡛ࡣ࡞࠸ࠋᢞ✏ࡣ௨ୗࡢ㒊㛛ࡢ࠸ࡎࢀ࠿࡟⾜࠺ࡶࡢ࡜ࡍࡿࠋ
¾

Ꮫᰯ༴ᶵ⟶⌮¾

ࢺ࣐ࣛ࢘ᅇ᚟

4⣖せࡣࠊ㸿㸲∧㸦ᮏᩥࡢάᏐࡣ࿴ᩥࠊḢᩥ࡜ࡶ 10.5 ࣏࢖ࣥࢺ࡜ࡍࡿࠋ
㸧ࢆᇶ‽࡜ࡍࡿࠋ

5⦅㞟ཬࡧฟ∧⣽┠࡟ࡘ࠸࡚ࡢᑂ㆟࠾ࡼࡧᐇົసᴗࡣࠊู࡟ᐃࡵࡿࠊᙜࢭࣥࢱ࣮࡟タࡅࡽࢀࡓ⣖せ⦅㞟࣮࣡࢟ࣥࢢࢢ࣮ࣝࣉ㸦௨ୗࠕ⣖せ⦅㞟㹕㹅ࠖ࡜࠸࠺ࠋ
㸧࡛⾜࠺ࠋ

6

ㄽᩥࡢ᥇ྰ࡟ࡘ࠸࡚ࡣࠊ⣖せ⦅㞟㹕㹅࡟࠾࠸᳨࡚ウࡍࡿࠋ

7๓㡯ࡢ᳨ウ࡟ᇶ࡙ࡁࠊㄽᩥࡢゞṇࡶࡋࡃࡣᥖ㍕୰Ṇ࡟ࡘ࠸࡚ࠊᏛᰯᏳ඲᥎㐍ࢭࣥࢱ࣮㛗ࡣࠊ⣖せ⦅㞟㹕㹅ࡢ㆟ࢆ⤒࡚ࠊᢞ✏⪅࡟່࿌ࡍࡿࡇ࡜ࡀ࡛ࡁࡿࠋ

8ㄽᩥࡢ➹㢌ⴭ⪅ࡣࠊᮏᏛᩍဨࠊᮏᏛᏛ⏕࠾ࡼࡧᙜࢭࣥࢱ࣮ඹྠ◊✲ဨ࡜ࡍࡿࠋࡓࡔࡋᮏ
ᏛᏛ⏕ࡀ➹㢌ⴭ⪅࡜࡞ࡿሙྜࡣࠊᣦᑟᩍဨ࡛࠶ࡿᮏᏛᩍဨ࡜ࡢඹⴭ࡜ࡍࡿࠋ

9ㄽᩥࡢᢞ✏࡟㝿ࡋ࡚ࠊ➹㢌ⴭ⪅࡜ࡋ࡚ᢞ✏࡛ࡁࡿࡢࡣ୍ྕ࡟ࡘࡁ୍⦅㝈ࡾ࡜ࡍࡿࠋ

10 ㄽᩥࡢᢞ✏࡟㝿ࡋ࡚ࠊ㐃⤡㈐௵⪅ࡣᙜࢭࣥࢱ࣮ᢸᙜᩍဨ࡜ࡍࡿࠋ
11 ㄽᩥࡣࠊᢞ✏⪅ཪࡣ㐃⤡㈐௵⪅㸦௨ୗࠕᢞ✏⪅➼ࠖ࡜࠸࠺ࠋ
㸧ࡢពᛮ࡟ࡼࡾࠊጇᙜ࡜ᛮ
ࢃࢀࡿ㒊㛛࡟ᢞ✏ࡍࡿࡇ࡜ࡀ࡛ࡁࡿࠋ
12 ᢞ✏⪅➼ࡣࠊㄽᩥࢆู࡟ᐃࡵࡿ⣖せᇳ➹ୖࡢ␃ព஦㡯࡟ᇶ࡙࠸࡚సᡂࡢୖࠊᡤᐃࡢ⥾ษ᪥ࢆཝᏲࡋࠊᙜࢭࣥࢱ࣮஦ົᐊ࡬ᥦฟࡍࡿࠋ
13 ㄽᩥࡣࠊᮍⓎ⾲ࡢཎⴭ࡟㝈ࡾࠊ᏶ᡂ༳ๅ㡫࡛㸰㸮㡫௨ෆࢆཎ๎࡜ࡍࡿࠋ
14 ⣖せ࡟ᥖ㍕ࡉࢀࡓㄽᩥࠊᢒ㘓ࡢⴭసᶒࡣᙜࢭࣥࢱ࣮࡟ᖐᒓࡍࡿࠋࡓࡔࡋⴭ⪅ࡣࠊᙜࢭࣥ
ࢱ࣮࡟஦๓࡟⏦ࡋฟࡓ࠺࠼࡛ࠊ⮬ᕫࡢㄽᩥࢆࠊ」〇࣭⩻ヂ࣭⩻᱌࡞࡝ࡢᙧ࡛෌฼⏝ࡍࡿࡇ࡜ࡀ࡛ࡁࡿࠋ
㸦ὀ㸸」〇࡜ࡣࠊฟ∧࣭㌿㍕ࢆព࿡ࡍࡿࠋ㸧
15 ᢞ✏⪅࡟ࡼࡿᰯṇࡣࠊึᰯࡲ࡛࡜ࡍࡿࠋ

64ᏛᰯᏳ඲᥎㐍ࢭࣥࢱ࣮⣖せᇳ➹ୖࡢ␃ព஦㡯ࡇࡢ␃ព஦㡯ࡣࠊ኱㜰ᩍ⫱኱ᏛᏛᰯᏳ඲᥎㐍ࢭࣥࢱ࣮ࡢᏛ⾡ㄽᩥࡢⓎ⾲ㄅࠕᏛᰯᏳ඲᥎㐍ࢭࣥࢱ࣮⣖せࠖ࡟ㄽᩥࢆᢞ✏ࡋࡼ࠺࡜ࡍࡿேࡓࡕ࡬ࡢᡭᘬࡁ࡛࠶ࡿࠋᙜࢭࣥࢱ࣮ࡢ⣖せࡀ୍ࡘࡢ◊✲Ⓨ⾲࡜ࡋ୍࡚ᐃࡢࢫࢱ࢖ࣝࢆಖࡘࡓࡵࠊࡇࡢ␃ព஦㡯࡟ࡈ༠ຊࢆ࠾㢪࠸ࡍࡿࠋI.

ᢞ✏ㄽᩥࡢᙧᘧ
ཎ✏ࡣ Microsoft ♫ࡢ Word ࢆ౑⏝ࡋ࡚సᡂࡍࡿࠋᰯṇẁ㝵࡛ຍ➹࣭⿵➹ࡢᚲせࡀ࡞࠸ࡼ࠺ࠊ᏶඲ཎ✏㸦ᮏᩥࠊせ᪨ࠊᅗ⾲࡜ࡶ㸧࡛ࠊ๭௜ࡶྠ᫬࡟⾜ࡗࡓࡶࡢࢆᥦฟࡍࡿࠋ
1. ᏶ᡂ༳ๅ㡫ࡢࣞ࢖࢔࢘ࢺ㸦࿴ᩥ 40 Ꮠ42 ⾜ࠊḢᩥ 70㹼80 Ꮠ42 ⾜㸧ࡢ᭩ᘧ࡛ཎ✏ࢆసᡂࡍࡿࠋᥦฟࡢ㝿ࠊཎ✏ࢆ A㸲∧⏝⣬࡟ࣉࣜࣥࢺ࢔࢘ࢺࡋࡓࣁ࣮ࢻࢥࣆ࣮࠾ࡼࡧ
㟁Ꮚࣇ࢓࢖ࣝࡢ୧᪉ࢆᥦฟࡍࡿ㸦࣓࣮ࣔࣜࢫࢸ࢕ࢵࢡࠊCD-ROM ➼㸧ࠋࢹ࣮ࢱࡣ஫᥮
ᛶࡢ࠶ࡿᙧᘧ࡛ಖᏑࡍࡿࠋ
ͤཎ✏࣭㟁Ꮚࣇ࢓࢖ࣝࡢᥦฟࡢ㝿࡟ࡣࠊ୓ࡀ୍ࡢ஦ᨾ࡟ഛ࠼ࠊᚲࡎᇳ➹⪅ࡢᡭඖ࡟᥍
࠼ࢆṧࡋ࡚࠾ࡃࡇ࡜ࠋ
2. ᅗ⾲ࡣᮏᩥ୰࡟⤌ࡳ㎸ࡳࠊ᏶඲ཎ✏࡛ᥦฟࡍࡿࠋ࡞࠾ࠊᅗ⾲ࡢ⥙᥃ࡅࡣ㩭᫂࡟༳ๅࡉ
ࢀ࡞࠸ࡢ࡛ὀពࡍࡿࡇ࡜ࠋ

II.

⾲㢟ཬࡧᮏᩥ➼ࡢᇳ➹
1. グ㏙ࡢ㡯┠࡜ࡑࡢ㡰ᗎ(1) ⾲㢟࣭ᇳ➹⪅ྡ࣭ᡤᒓᶵ㛵ྡ࣭ཷ௜ᖺ᭶᪥࣭ᢒ㘓࣭ᮏᩥ࣭ὀࡲࡓࡣཧ⪃ᩥ⊩࣭ㅰ㎡㸦ᚲせ࡞ሙྜ㸧࣭せ⣙ࡢ㡰࡜ࡍࡿࠋ
2. ⾲㢟(1) ࿴ᩥࡢሙྜձ ཎ✏ࡢ 3 ⾜┠࠿ࡽグ㏙ࡍࡿࠋղ ๪㢟ࢆ௜ࡅࡿሙྜࡣࠊ୺㢟࡜ྠ⾜࡜ࡏࡎࠊᕥྑ࡟ 1 Ꮠᖜࡢࣁ࢖ࣇࣥࢆ௜ࡅࡿࠋճ 㐃⥆ሗ࿌ࡢሙྜࡣࠊཎ๎࡜ࡋ࡚୺㢟ࡢḟࡢ⾜࡟ࠗ➨Ϩሗ࠘ࡢࡼ࠺࡟ࣟ㸫࣐
ᩘᏐ࡛グ㏙ࡋࠊྛሗࡢ⾲㢟ࡀ࠶ࢀࡤ⥆ࡅ࡚グ㏙ࡍࡿࠋࠗ➨Ϩሗࡑࡢ㸯࠘ࡢ
ࡼ࠺࡞グ㏙ࡣࢃ࠿ࡾ࡟ࡃ࠸ࡢ࡛㑊ࡅࡿࠋմ ᮏᩥࡲࡓࡣせ⣙ࡢḢᩥࢱ࢖ࢺ࡛ࣝୖグࡢࡼ࠺࡞୍㐃ࡢㄽᩥࡢሙྜࡣࠊ୺
㢟࡟⥆ࡁࠊ୍Ꮠ✵ࡅ࡚ࠗϨ࠘ࠗϫ࠘ࡢࡼ࠺࡟グࡋࠊࠗPartϨ࠘
ࠗChapterϨ࠘ࡢࡼ࠺࡞グ㏙ࡣࡋ࡞࠸ࠋյ ⾲㢟ࡀ 30 Ꮠࢆ㉸࠼ࡿሙྜࡣࠊ▷⦰ࡋࡓḍእぢฟࡋ⏝ࡢ⾲㢟ࢆᢞ✏⚊࡟グධࡍࡿࠋ(2) Ḣᩥࡢሙྜ

65ձ Ḣᩥࢱ࢖ࢺࣝࡣࠗྡモ࠘ࠗᙧᐜモ࠘ࠗືモ࠘ࡢ༢ㄒࡢ㢌ࡣ኱ᩥᏐ࡛⤫୍ࡍࡿࠋղ 㐃⥆ሗ࿌ࡢሙྜࡣࠊ
ࠗ㸦ϩ㸧࠘ࡢࡼ࠺࡞⾲⌧࡜ࡍࡿࠋճ ⾲㢟ࡀ 10 ㄒࢆ㉸࠼ࡿሙྜࡣࠊ┬␎ࡋࡓ⾲㢟ࢆᢞ✏⚊࡟グධࡍࡿࠋ
3. ᇳ➹⪅ྡཬࡧᡤᒓᶵ㛵ྡ(1) ᇳ➹⪅ྡࡣࠊ⾲㢟㸦๪㢟ࡢ࠶ࡿሙྜࡣ๪㢟㸧ࡢୗ࡟㸰⾜✵ࡅ࡚グ㏙ࡍࡿࠋጣྡࢆ
᏶඲࡟グ㏙ࡋࠊጣྡࡢୖ࡟ࡦࡽࡀ࡞࡛ࡩࡾࡀ࡞ࢆ௜ࡅࡿࠋ
(2) ᡤᒓᶵ㛵ྡࡣࠊᇳ➹⪅ྡࡢୗ࡟㸯⾜✵ࡅ࡚グ㏙ࡍࡿࠋ‫ ۑ‬ᡤᒓࡣᮏᏛᩍဨ࠾ࡼࡧᮏᏛᏛ⏕࡟ࡘ࠸࡚ࡣࠊ⣔㸦㒊㛛ྡ㸧ࡢࡳࢆ࠶ࡆࡿࠋ  ཎ✏ᥦฟ᫬Ⅼࡢࡶࡢࢆグ㍕ࡍࡿࠋᥦฟᚋࡢኚ໬ࢆグ㍕ࡍࡿᚲせࡀ࠶ࡿሙྜࡣࠊ  㸨༳࡟ᑐᛂࡋ࡚⬮ὀ࡛♧ࡍࠋ 㸦౛㸧  ᑓ௵ᩍဨ 㸸ࠐࠐ⣔㸦ࠐࠐ㒊㛛㸧      ྡ㄃ᩍᤵ 㸸ᮏᏛྡ㄃ᩍᤵ   㝔⏕㸦ಟ஢⏕㸧 㸸ಟኈㄢ⛬‫ۑۑ‬ᑓᨷ㸦ಟ஢㸧      㝃ᒓᩍဨ 㸸㝃ᒓ‫ۑۑ‬Ꮫᰯ       Ꮫእ⪅ 㸸ࡑࡢᡤᒓ㸦ᶵ㛵ྡ㸧ࢆṇ☜࡟グ㍕(3) ඹྠᇳ➹ࡢሙྜ࡛ᡤᒓᶵ㛵ࡢ␗࡞ࡿሙྜձ ᇳ➹⪅ྡࡢྑ⫪ୖ࡟ࠕ㸨ࠖࠊ㺀**㺁ࠊ㺀+㺁ࠊ㺀͊㺁࡞࡝ࡢ༳ࢆ௜ࡅࡿࡀࠊྠ୍ᡤᒓ
ᶵ㛵ࡢᇳ➹⪅ࡣྠ୍༳࡜ࡍࡿࠋղ ᡤᒓᶵ㛵ྡࡣࠊᇳ➹⪅ྡ㡰࡟グ㏙ࡍࡿࡇ࡜ࢆཎ๎࡜ࡋࠊᇳ➹⪅࡟ᑐᛂࡍࡿ༳
ࢆࡑࡢᕥ⫪ୖ࡟௜ࡅࡿࠋ㸦౛㸧a)࿴ᩥࡢሙྜ࠶ ࡉࡢࡓ ࢁ࠺࠸ ࡜࠺ࡌ ࢁ࠺࠺ࡉࡳ ࡣ ࡞ࡇ ὸ㔝ኴ㑻*࣭ఀ⸨ḟ㑻**࣭Ᏹబ⨾ⰼᏊ+ *ᏛᰯᏳ඲᥎㐍ࢭࣥࢱ࣮࣭**኱㜰኱Ꮫ࣭+㝃ᒓụ⏣ᑠᏛᰯb)Ḣᩥࡢሙྜ
 ASANO Taro*, ITO Jiro**, USAMI Hanako+ *National Center for School Safety Promotion, **Osaka University,
 +Ikeda Primary School attached to Osaka Kyoiku University(4) ⬮ὀࢆ௜ࡅࡿሙྜ
ձ1), 2)ࡢࡼ࠺࡟ࣝࣅᩘᏐࢆ౑⏝ࡍࡿࠋղ ᇳ➹⪅ࡢᡤᒓᶵ㛵⾲♧ࡢࡓࡵ࡟ୖ࡛㏙࡭ࡓࡼ࠺࡞༳ࢆ౑⏝ࡋ࡞࠸ሙྜࡣࠊ 㸨ࡸ+࡞࡝ࡢ༳ࢆ౑⏝ࡋ࡚ࡶࡼ࠸ࠋճ ⬮ὀࡢㄝ᫂㒊ศࡢཎ✏࡬ࡢグධࡣࠊཎ✏➨㸯㡫ࡢୗ᪉࡟ᚲせ࡞⾜ᩘࣉࣛࢫ㸯⾜✵ࡅ࡚ᶓ⥺ࢆᘬࡁࡑࡢୗ࡟グ㏙ࡍࡿࠋ㸦⬮ὀࢆ௜ࡅࡿ౛㸧66  a)⾲㢟࡟⬮ὀࢆ௜ࡅࡿሙྜ   ◊✲㈝㸦⛉◊㈝࡞࡝㸧ࡢฟᡤࡸࢢ࣮ࣝࣉࡲࡓࡣ㒊㛛㸦◊✲ᐊ㸧
ᴗ⦼ࡢ㏻ࡋ␒ྕࢆグධࡍࡿሙྜࠋ  b)ᇳ➹⪅ྡ࡟⬮ὀࢆ௜ࡅࡿሙྜ   ㄽᩥฟ∧ࡢ᫬Ⅼ࡛ᡤᒓᶵ㛵ࡢኚ᭦ࡸ㏥⫋➼ࡢࡓࡵࠊኚ᭦ᚋࡢᡤᒓᶵ㛵   ྡ࡜ᡤᅾᆅࡲࡓࡣ㐃⤡ඛࢆグධࡍࡿሙྜࠋ
4. ཷ௜ᖺ᭶᪥
ཷ௜ᖺ᭶᪥ࡢグධࡢࡓࡵ࡟ᡤᒓᶵ㛵ྡ࡜ᢒ㘓࡜ࡢ㛫ࢆ㸱⾜✵ࡅ࡚࠾ࡃࠋ
5. ᢒ㘓(1) ࿴ᩥࡢሙྜ㸸150㹼300 Ꮠ࡟ࡍࡿࠋ
(2) Ḣᩥࡢሙྜ㸸100㹼250 ㄒ࡟ࡍࡿࠋ
(3) ᢒ㘓ࡢグ㏙ࡣࠊ➨஧ḟᩥ⊩᳨⣴⏝࡟⏝࠸ࡽࢀࡿࡇ࡜ࡶከ࠸ࡢ࡛ࠊࡑࡢㄽᩥࡢ┠ⓗ࣭ㄽ㏙ෆᐜ㸦⤖ᯝ㸧ཬࡧㄽ㆟ࡢ↔Ⅼ➼ࢆ⡆₩࡟ࡲ࡜ࡵࡿࠋ
6. ࣮࣮࢟࣡ࢻ
ᅜ❧᝟ሗᏛ◊✲ᡤ࡬ࡢࢹ࣮ࢱ࣮࣋ࢫධຊࡢࡓࡵࠊ࣮࣮࢟࣡ࢻࢆ௜ࡅࡿࠋ
࣮࣮࢟࣡ࢻࡢグධ఩⨨ࡣࠊᢒ㘓࣭Ḣᩥ࿴ᩥせ᪨ࡢୗ࡟㸯⾜✵ࡅ࡚ࠕ࣮࣮࢟࣡ࢻ㸸ࠖࠊࠕKey Words : ࠖࡢḍࢆタࡅ࡚グධࡍࡿࠋ‫ࡢࢻ࣮࣮࣡࢟ ە‬௜ࡅ᪉࡟ࡘ࠸࡚
࣮࣮࢟࣡ࢻࡣ඲యࡢෆᐜࡀ᥎

࡛ࡁࡿࡼ࠺࡟௨ୗࡢⅬࢆ␃ពࡋ࡚㑅ࡪࠋձලయⓗ࡞ព࿡ࡢ࠶ࡿㄒྃࢆ㑅ࡪ㸦࡛ࡁࡿࡔࡅ⊃⩏ࡢㄒࢆ㑅ࡪ㸧ࠋղྡモᙧࢆ⏝࠸ࡿࠋճ┬␎ᙧࡣࡑࡢᑓ㛛ศ㔝࡛ᗈࡃ㏻⏝ࡋ࡚࠸ࡿࡶࡢࢆ⏝࠸ࡿࠋմ」ྜㄒࡸྃࡣ័⏝ࡉࢀ࡚࠸ࡿࡶࡢࢆ⏝࠸ࡿࠋࡲࡓࠊⱥㄒ࣭⊂ㄒ࣭௖ㄒ௨እࡢゝㄒ࡛⾲グࡍࡿሙྜࡣࠊⱥㄒ⾲グࡢ࣮࣮࢟࣡ࢻࡶే
グࡍࡿࠋ
7. ᮏᩥ
(1) ᮏᩥ࡜ᢒ㘓㸦࣮࣮࢟࣡ࢻḍ㸧࡜ࡢ㛫㝸㸸࿴ᩥࡢሙྜࡣ㸯⾜ࠊḢᩥࡢሙྜࡣ㸰⾜✵ࡅ࡚᭩ࡁጞࡵࡿࠋ
(2) ྛ❶➼ࡢ㡰ᗎᩘᏐձ❶ࡣࠊϨࠊϩࠊϪ➼ࡢ࣮࣐ࣟᩘᏐࢆ౑⏝ࡋࠊ⾜ࡢ୰ኸ௜㏆࡟グ㏙ࡋࠊ❶ࡀᨵࡲࡿࡈ࡜࡟ᨵ⾜ࡍࡿࠋղ⠇ࡣࠊ㸯ࠊ㸰ࠊ㸱➼ࡢ࢔ࣛࣅ࢔ᩘᏐࢆ౑⏝ࡋࠊ⾜ࡢᕥ࠿ࡽ㸯Ꮠ㸦࿴ᩥࡢሙྜ㸧67ࡲࡓࡣ㸱Ꮠ㸦Ḣᩥࡢሙྜ㸧✵ࡅ࡚グ㏙ࡍࡿࠋ
8. ᅗ⾲(1) ⾲㸯㸦Table1㸧ࠊᅗ㸯㸦Fig1㸧ࡢᩥᏐࡣࢦࢩࢵࢡయ࡟ࡍࡿࠋ
(2) ⾲ࡢࢱ࢖ࢺࣝࡣ⾲ࡢୖࠊᅗࡢࢱ࢖ࢺࣝࡣᅗࡢୗ࡟ධࢀࡿࠋ
9. ㅰ㎡
ᮏᩥᮎᑿ࠿ࡽ㸯⾜ࢆ✵ࡅࠊ⾜㢌ࢆ㸯Ꮠ✵ࡅ࡚グ㏙ࡍࡿࠋ
10. ཧ⪃ᩥ⊩(1) ᮏᩥࡢᚋ㸦ㅰ㎡ࡀ࠶ࢀࡤࡑࡢᚋ㸧࡟㹙 㹛࡟࢔ࣛࣅ࢔ᩘᏐࢆࡘࡅ࡚グ㍕ࡍࡿࠋ
(2) ᮏᩥ୰࡟ࡣࠊᘬ⏝⟠ᡤ㹙 㹛ࡢ࢔ࣛࣅ࢔ᩘᏐ࡛᫂♧ࡋࠊࡑࡢ␒ྕ࡜ཧ⪃ᩥ⊩ḍࡢᩘᏐ࡜ࢆ୍⮴ࡉࡏࡿࠋ
㸦ᩥ⊩␒ྕࡣྑ⫪ୖ࡟௜ࡅࡎࠊᮏᩥ࡜ྠิ࡟グ㏙ࡍࡿࠋ㸧11. ὀ(1) ὀ␒ྕࡣࠊ1)ࠊ2)ࠊ3)➼ࡢࡼ࠺࡟ࠊᙜヱ⟠ᡤࡢㄒྃࡢྑ⫪ୖ࡟௜ࡅࡿࠋ
(2) ࿴ᩥࡢሙྜࡣࠊྛ❶ࡢ⤊ࢃࡾ࡟㸯⾜✵ࡅ࡚ධࢀࠊྛ㡫ࡢ⬮ὀ࡜ࡣࡋ࡞࠸ࠋ
12. せ⣙(1) ࿴ᩥㄽᩥࡢሙྜࡣḢᩥ࡛グ㏙ࡍࡿࠋ
(2) Ḣᩥせ⣙ࡢ⾲㢟ࠊᇳ➹⪅ྡࠊᡤᒓᶵ㛵ྡࡢグ㏙ࡣࠊୖ㏙ࡢ 2ࠊ3 ࡟ᚑ࠺ࠋ68