EcoLeaf Document Identification No.: ER-05-01
Issued: August 29th, 2014

EcoLeaf Quantification Rules

Japan Environmental Management Association for Industry
Prepared by:Approved by:

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Addenda(Revision history)
Ver.
No.

Date01

August 29th, 2014

PageApproval
Newly prepared by extracting Section 3 of theguidelines to accompany the production ofthe Base Document.

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EcoLeaf Quantification Rules(Purpose)
Section 1: To define for an applicant business, the requirements, the procedures, and the like, pertaining toEcoLeaf quantification (preparing "quantitative environmental information for general public release" and"verification support materials" for verifying the grounds and calculation methods for the publication data)in the EcoLeaf environmental label program.
2.

The "quantitative environmental information for general public release" consists of three types of

information: a "product environmental aspect declaration (PEAD)", which presents its overview, a"quantitative environmental information data sheet (PEIDS)", which presents its details, and a "product data
sheet (PDS)", which presents the actual measurement data and the setting values used in the preparation ofthe PEIDS.
3.

The "verification support materials" consist of "breakdown data sheets", which show the basis for thecalculation of the data entered in the product data sheet, "calculation documents", which show the basis forthe calculation of the data entered in the PEIDS, and various "flow diagrams", which help understand these.
All these verification support materials are handled as to be undisclosed.

(Range of Products Covered by EcoLeaf)
Section 2: The product range covered by the EcoLeaf environmental label includes industrial products, consumer
durables or commodities, etc., which are not limited to final products and include intermediate products
such as parts, materials or basic materials. In addition, services can also be included.
2.

Product fields and product examples are indicated in the following, without limiting the coverage to these:①

Electronics (heavy electric equipment, home appliances, electronic equipment and parts,information and control devices)②

Metals (steel, non-ferrous metals, steel products, wires and bearings)③

Chemicals (basic organic/non-organic chemicals, polymers, processed plastic products,
semiconductors, fertilizers, agrochemicals, pharmaceuticals, films, inks and industrial gases)④

Fibers (natural fibers, synthetic fibers, clothes and industrial textiles)⑤

Pulp and paper⑥

Rubbers and ceramics (various rubbers, cement, firebricks, and ceramics)⑦

Machinery and precision machinery (industrial machines and equipment, machine tools, OA
equipment's, cameras and clocks)⑧

Transport equipment's (automobiles, motorbikes, railroad cars, ships and aircrafts)⑨

Various products for consumer use (printed matters and publications, musical instruments,
stationary and office supplies, and various products related to food clothing and shelter)⑩

Architectures (buildings, homes, and civil engineering structures)⑪

Energy (electric power, town gas, petroleum, coal, LNG, and LPG)⑫

Foods and agricultural/forestry/fishery products⑬

Services (information communication, distribution and others)2

ER-05-01(Preparing a Product Environmental Aspect Declaration (PEAD))
Section 3: The PEAD provides essential information compiled from the quantitative environmental information
regarding a product in a way that is readily grasped by a user, which means that the presentation must be
concise, by paying attention to uniformity and visuals. Consequently, the type and name of the product, thename of the information publisher, and the environmental aspects that are being emphasized, must berepresented in a way that is readily understandable.
The contents represented in the PEAD are divided into five sections, with the contents of each section being
established as follows:
2.

A Section

In order to make clear which product the EcoLeaf environmental label covers, the product category namedefined in the PCR is to be stated.
3.

B Section

A field for basic information on the EcoLeaf environmental label preparer, in which the following matters
are to be listed:①

Information publisher's logo and/or symbol mark②

Information publisher's name (business name)③

Information publisher's contact information(location, telephone number, web site URL, name of department in charge, etc.)

4.

C Section

A field for basic information on the product under publication, in which the following items are to be statedconcisely in order to allow the product overview to be grasped and identified objectively:①

Product name②

Product specifications (items specified in the PCR)5.

D section

A field for presenting a product overview in a manner that is visually easy to understand, in which theranges in the product covered are to be made clear through photographs, illustrations or process flow
diagram, etc. If these contain options, and the like, that are outside the scope covered by the EcoLeaf
environmental label, the scope that is covered must be indicated clearly.
6.

E section

The quantitative environmental information on the product is presented based on the data provided in thePEIDS, concretely and in a manner that is easy to understand. This section is the most important part of thePEAD, and is to be prepared based on the following agreed-upon matters:(1) Items to be listed
The following three items are compulsory, while additions and modifications are possible on a productto-product basis:①

Warming burden (CO2 equivalents)②

Acidification burden (SO2 equivalents)3

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Energy consumption [MJ]

(2) Life cycle stages considered
For the three compulsory items mentioned above in (1), the quantitative environmental information fromthe sum over all the life cycle stages subject to the preparation of the EcoLeaf environmental label (theextent is to be defined with the PCR) is to be provided. In addition, environmental information on a specificlife cycle stage can also be listed along.
(3) Usage conditions setting
Conditions such as product usage duration and amounts are to be established in the PCR.
①

Usage duration (example: __ years...)②

Usage amounts (example: _0,000 sheets, _ liters...)(4) Method of representation
The basic method is the bar graph representation; however, other graphs, tables or text may be employeduniformly in each product category.
(5) LCA data supplemental explanation
A descriptive text to supplement the quantification data based on the LCA may be entered.
7.

Other relevant eco-design information

Even if it is outside the scope of this program, other relevant eco-design information defined in individual
PCR that is factually verifiable can be entered outside the PEAD field:(1) Hazardous chemical compound information(2) Eco-design system information(3) Provision of information to users, each business(4) Old vs. new comparison information on a business' own product(Preparing a Product Environmental Information Disclosure Sheet (PEIDS))
Section 4: Definition of a PEIDS
PEIDS is a document for clearly presenting the quantitative environmental information on a product, which
is a characteristic of a Type III environmental label.
The data listed in a PEIDS form the basis of the contents presented in the PEAD described in the previous
section, and are results that are obtained through LCA calculations based on the data listed in the productdata sheet, which is described below.
The constitution of a PEIDS is shown in Form 2 (at the end of the document), with the main portions being
the results from an inventory analysis (upper part of the table) and an impact assessment (lower part of thetable), respectively, of an LCA.
1.

Life Cycle Stage

The life cycle stage names, which are the items across the PEIDS, are common to inventory analysis andimpact assessment results, and consist of four stages: production, distribution, usage and disposal. The titles
and specific contents are determined for each stage on a PCR-to-PCR basis. Especially for cases concerning
services and products that are base materials, stages of their own may be defined on a PCR-to-PCR basis.
4ER-05-01(1) Production Stage
This stage is divided into a base material production stage in which materials are made (for instance, ironsteel production from iron ore, coal, etc.), and an article production stage in which the materials areprocessed and assembled to make parts and products.
(2) Distribution Stage
The stage in which the article produced in the production stage is transported to the place of use; thespecific range of transportation, the transportation methods, the place of use, etc., are to be defined on aPCR-to-PCR basis.
(3) Usage Stage
This stage includes the product's power consumption while in operation and standby, the burdensaccompanying the production and consumption of fuel required to use the product, and the burdens fromthe production, distribution, use and disposal of replacement parts and consumables. The specific conditions
for usage, maintenance, etc., are defined on a PCR-to-PCR basis.
(4) Disposal Stage
This stage includes the recovery, transportation, separation, grinding, sorting, incineration, detoxification,landfilling, recycling and/or reuse processes, etc., up to the final disposal of an end-of-life product.
2.

Data Groups

The data groups, which are the items down the PEIDS, consist of the following energy consumption,
inventory analysis and impact assessment.
(1) Energy Consumption
In the PEIDS, an energy consumption field is provided separately, since energy consumption is intimately
related to and overlaps with the energy resource consumption and the environmental output in the inventory
analysis, and the resource depletion burdens and the environmental output burdens in the impact assessment,
which are described below.
(2) Inventory Analysis
This is a list of LCA inventory analysis results, with the substance and energy input and output
boundaries being unified and extending to natural environments. Therefore, comparability is maintained
among the data listed the PEIDS.
The listed data groups (items down the table) consist of two environmental burden items: consumption
and environmental discharge. The consumption burden item is divided into two major category items:
exhaustible resources and renewable resources such as water and wood. The exhaustible resources further
consist of energy resources such as coal and uranium ore, and mineral resources such as iron ore andbauxite. The environmental discharge burden item is divided into three groups: discharges into theatmosphere such as CO2, into bodies of water such as BOD, and into soil.
(3) Impact Assessment
Up to the characterization analysis phase of the impact assessment defined in the LCA is included, and,similarly to the inventory analysis, comparability is maintained among the impact assessment results on thepoint that the boundaries are unified and extend to natural environments.
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Similarly to the inventory analysis, the listed data groups (items down the table) are divided into twoburden items: consumption and environmental discharge. The consumption burden item is divided into
energy resource and mineral resource depletion burdens, while the environmental discharge burden item issubdivided into category items such as warming and acidification for the atmosphere, and eutrophication
for bodies of water. The selection of category items is determined for each product category.

Section 5: Calculation Methods
The data for each of the above items listed in the PEIDS are calculated based on LCA procedures,
according to the following methods:
1.

Inventory Analysis(1) Inventory Analysis Calculation Formula
In EcoLeaf, I, the amount of inventory at each stage, can be determined using formula (1), by summing
the products between W, the relevant physical quantity, and a, the corresponding base unit.
I = Σ (a × W)··········· (1)I:amount of inventory (amount of crude oil extracted, amount of iron ore excavated, CO2 output, etc.)a:base unit (amount of inventory per unit physical quantity)

W: physical quantity (quantities used, quantities discharged, quantities treated, quantities transported, etc.)(2) Base Units①Definition of base units
Base units are background data (BGD) that are used when conducting an inventory analysis (LCI)
and reside in a database, which is used in common. In general, the database consists of "unitprocess-type data", which describe power and raw material inputs and intermediate product andwaste outputs for each processing step, and "process totaling data", which also add the steps thatare upstream from it and provide descriptions tracing back to the amounts of crude oil and/or ironore consumed.

②

Types of EcoLeaf base units
The "process totaling data" scheme is adopted for the EcoLeaf base units, which includes thefollowing two:[Common Base Units]
Base units prepared by our office for the development of the EcoLeaf environmental label,
which can be used commonly to all the product categories as background data for LCIcalculations.
[PCR Base Units]
Base units created for each product category as necessary for the purpose of using them on aper-product-category basis, which can be used as background data for LCI calculations only in6

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the same product category.
2.

Impact Assessment(1) Impact Assessment Calculation Formula
In EcoLeaf, P, the impact assessment quantity per category, such as global warming, at each stage can bedetermined using formula (2), by summing the products between I, the amount of a relevant inventory, andα, a per-category characterization factor:
P = Σ (α × I)··········· (2)P:

per-category impact assessment quantity (warming burden, acidification burden, etc.)

α:characterization factor (equivalent amounts of per-category reference substance)I:

amount of inventory (amount of crude oil, amount of iron ore, CO2 output, etc.)(2) EcoLeaf Characterization Factor
An example of characterization factor table (database) used for per-category impact assessment
calculations is given in Appendix 3 (at the end of the document). In principle, this database is to be used incommon within this program. For each category such as warming and acidification, characterization factors
corresponding to inventory items such as CO2, NOx and SOx are listed, with their definitions and sources
clearly mentioned.

(Preparing a Product Data Sheet)
Section 6: The product data sheet provides input or setting data that are used to calculate the data given in thePEIDS. In other words, it is a sheet that indicates the input data and setting conditions used in the LCA
calculations at each life cycle stage, in which data obtained by the label preparer through measurements or
search-and-collection are listed.
Form 3 (at the end of the document) shows a product data sheet for an assembled product. The contents
listed are as per items 1 to 5 of Section 6, and their specific contents are decided on a PCR-to-PCR basis.
1.

Product Information

The raw materials and parts that constitute a product concerned are to be listed in mass per product.
Information on recycled materials, reused parts, etc., which are used in the product, is also to be listed.
2.

Production Site Information

The consumption and discharge amounts for the production (processing and assembly) of major parts andassembly of the final product within a site, which are specified for each PCR, are to be converted into perproduct amounts and listed.
3.

Distribution Stage Information

The transportation conditions for, e.g., a product, which are indicated in Section 4-1-(2), are to be listed
along with the amounts of substances consumed and discharged during transportation converted into perproduct amounts.
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4.

Usage Stage Information

Consumption or discharge amounts, including while in operation and standby, are to be converted into perproduct amounts and listed. The information is to consist of usage-related information andreplacements/consumables disposal information.
5.

Disposal Stage Information

Information on an end-of-life product's recovery transportation, disposal processing and recycling/reuseprocessing is to be listed.

(Preparing Verification Support Materials)
Section 7: Verification support materials are undisclosed data that are used in the verifications for securing theobjectivity, the reliability, the appropriateness, and the like, of a PEAD, a PEIDS and a product data sheet
published in this program.
While there are differences depending on the product or service concerned, for an assembled product, thedata consist of: ① parts configuration diagrams or various flow diagrams in order to grasp the overview ofa product or a life cycle stage concerned; ② breakdown data sheets describing the data and calculation
processes that back the contents to be listed in the product data sheet; and ③ calculation documents
describing the calculation processes for the inventory analysis and impact assessment results in the PEIDS.
1.

Product's Parts Configuration Diagram

As this is a document for the purpose of grasping a structural overview of a product or an overview of themajor parts, and provides explanations that supplement the breakdown data sheet (for product), consistency
with the latter is important.
A product's parts configuration diagram is shown in Form 4 (at the end of the document), with the exampleof a washing machine.
2.

Flow Diagram

The flow diagram is for the purpose of clearly understanding a stage concerned or a process boundary, andconsists of a production flow diagram and a stage flow diagram:①Production Flow Diagram
As this flow diagram is for the purpose of grasping the range of processes for which data arecollected at the production site, and provide supplemental explanation to the breakdown data sheet(for production site) described below, consistency with the latter is important. A production flow
diagram is shown in Form 5-1 (at the end of the document).

②

Stage Flow Diagram
As this flow diagram is for the purpose of grasping each of the distribution, usage and disposal
stages in detail, and provides supplemental explanation to the breakdown data sheet (for stage)
described below, consistency with the latter is important. A stage flow diagram is shown in Form
5-2 (at the end of the document).

3.

Breakdown data sheets

These sheets show the calculation processes for the data listed in the product data sheet. The sheets are8

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divided into three types: 1 (for product), 2 (for production site) and 3 (for stage).
①Breakdown Data Sheet 1 (for product)
A breakdown data sheet 1 is shown in Form 6-1 (at the end of the document): detailed data for theparts constituting the product concerned list the masses in detail by material, by process, and byassembly. Since its major results are to be listed in the product information field of the productdata sheet, consistency with the latter is important.

②Breakdown Data Sheet 2 (for production site)
A breakdown data sheet 2 is shown in Form 6-2 (at the end of the document): listed in detail are
the values of the production amounts for each product and the amounts of power and fuel used fora production site unit, and, the method for allocating these and the values per product concerned
after allocation. As these results are to be listed in the production site information field of theproduct data sheet, consistency with the latter is important.

③

Breakdown Data Sheet 3 (for stage)
A breakdown data sheet 3 listing, e.g., the setting conditions of each life cycle stage is shown inForm 6-3 (at the end of the document): listed in detail are the means of transportation of the final
product and the amounts transported, the electric power or fuel usage amounts while under use,
masses by disposal processing step, and so on. As these results are to be listed in the correspondingdistribution stage information, usage stage information and disposal stage information fields of theproduct data sheet, consistency with the latter is important.

4.

Relevant Calculation Documents

The documents are divided into the two types below. The details are described in the verification document
preparation manual.
①

Relevant Calculation Document 1 (for Inventory Analysis)
This calculation document describes the concrete calculation processes up to the PEIDS listingstage, based on the product data sheet, following the inventory analysis calculation procedure ofSection 5-1 and using various base units.

②Relevant Calculation Document 2 (for Impact Assessment)This is a document describing the concrete calculation processes for the values listed in the impact
assessment obtained by calculation using data from the PEIDS inventory analysis results and theappropriate characterization factors, and following the impact assessment calculation procedure ofSection 5-2.

(Revision history)
The present rules are effective on August 29th, 2014.

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Appendix 1

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Appendix 1

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Appendix 1

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Appendix 1

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Appendix 1

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Appendix 1

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Appendix 1

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Appendix 2

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Appendix 322