JEMAI Environmental Label Program(EcoLeaf/Carbon Footprint Communication Program)Base Document

Created: August 1st, 2013
File Number: JG-01-02

Japan Environmental Management Association for
IndustryJG-01-02
Index
1. Objectives and Characteristics of the Environmental Label Program ................................. 3
1.1 Objectives .............................................................................................................................. 3
1.2 Characteristics ...................................................................................................................... 3
1.3 Basic Organization of the Program .................................................................................... 4
1.3.1 Program Operation Framework .................................................................................... 4
1.3.2 Approach to the Responsibility of Each Interested Party Participating in the
Program .......................................................................................................................... 6
1.3.3 Applicable Range of the Program ................................................................................ 6
1.3.4 Mechanism to Ensure Reliability of the Program....................................................... 7
1.3.5 Provision of Base Unit Data .......................................................................................... 7
1.3.6 Fee Schedule .................................................................................................................. 8
2. EcoLeaf program ........................................................................................................................ 9
2.1 Scope of Environmental Information Provided by the Program ..................................... 9
2.2 Basics of EcoLeaf Quantification ....................................................................................... 9
2.2.1 Inventory Analysis (Fundamental Rules Pertaining to Quantification) ................... 9
2.2.2 Impact Assessment (Fundamental Rules Pertaining to Quantification) ............... 10
2.3 Basics of EcoLeaf Registration and Publication ............................................................ 10
2.3.1 Environmental Information Contents to be Published ............................................ 10
2.3.2 Cautions When Making Environmental Information Publication ............................ 11
2.3.3 Handling of Comparisons in EcoLeaf .........................................................................11
2.4 Procedure for EcoLeaf Quantification and Registration Publication ............................ 11
2.4.1 Development of EcoLeaf PCR .....................................................................................112.4.2 EcoLeaf Verification ..................................................................................................... 122.4.3 EcoLeaf registration and publication ........................................................................ 14
2.5 EcoLeaf Auditor and Verifier ............................................................................................. 15
2.5.1 Auditor's Qualifications............................................................................................... 15
2.5.2 Product Environment Data Verifier's Qualifications ................................................ 15
2.5.3 Compliance by System Accreditation/Certification Auditor and Data Verifier ..... 15
3 CFP program .............................................................................................................................. 16
3.1 Scope of Environmental Information Provided in the Program .................................... 16
3.2 Basics of CFP Quantification ............................................................................................ 16
3.2.1 GHGs Subjected to Quantification ............................................................................. 16
3.2.2 Range of Quantification .............................................................................................. 16
3.2.3 Quantification Method (Fundamental Rules Regarding Quantification) ............... 16
3.2.4 Unit of Quantification .................................................................................................. 17
3.3 Basics of CFP Declaration ................................................................................................. 17
3.3.1 Efforts by Businesses Making CFP Declaration....................................................... 17
3.3.2 Cautions When Making CFP Declaration .................................................................. 171

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3.3.3 Handling of Comparisons in CFP Declaration .......................................................... 17
3.4 CFP Quantification and Declaration ................................................................................. 17
3.4.1 Development of CFP-PCR ........................................................................................... 17
3.4.2 CFP Verification............................................................................................................ 18
3.4.3 Registration and Publication of CFP Declaration .................................................... 20
3.5 CFP Registered Reviewer/Internal Verifier and CFP System Certification Body ........ 21
3.5.1 Registered Reviewer/Internal Verifier Requirements ............................................... 21
3.5.2 Requirements Relevant to CFP System Certification Body .................................... 21
4. Document Management ........................................................................................................... 22
5. Ethical Standards and Handling of Confidential Information ............................................. 22
6. Objection/Complaint Management ......................................................................................... 22
7. Program Operator .................................................................................................................... 23
Supplement .................................................................................................................................... 25
Supplement-2 ................................................................................................................................. 352

JG-01-02
This document specifies the objectives, subjects, operation framework, procedure, and thelike, for the JEMAI Environmental Label Program (collective reference to EcoLeaf/Carbon
Footprint Communication Program; hereafter, "environmental label program") operated andadministered by the Japan Environmental Management Association for Industry (hereafter, "theassociation").
EcoLeaf program adheres to the specifications of ISO/14025:2006 (Environmental labels anddeclarations—Type III environmental declarations—Principles and procedures) and ISO 14040
series life cycle assessment (LCA).
Carbon Footprint Communication Program (hereafter "CFP program") adheres to thespecifications of ISO/TS14067 (Carbon footprint of products—Requirements and guidelines forquantification and communication).
ISO/TS 14067 takes into consideration several CFP information communication destinations
and several communication methods. Of these, only those "CFP declarations intended to be
publicly available" are the subjects of the CFP program.

1. Objectives and Characteristics of the Environmental Label Program
1.1 Objectives
The environmental label program takes the following two approaches(1) quantitative visualization (quantification) of environmental information such as global
warming burden based on quantification methods that ensure reliability and transparency,and(2) promotion of mutual understanding (communication) between providers (businesses) andusers (stakeholders such as consumers and businesses) based on the "visualized"
information for a reduction effort
with the following objectives:- for businesses: to enforce further reduction behavior and fulfill their social responsibilities.
- for consumers: to transform their life styles and, through this, devise a reduction of theenvironmental burden.

1.2 Characteristics
The characteristics of the environmental label program are as follows:
Characteristic 1: Quantitative display of environmental information; not an indication ofenvironmental superiority judgment.
Characteristic 2: The quantification adheres to the ISO 14020 series environmental label
specifications and the 14040 series life cycle assessment (LCA) specifications.
Characteristic 3: The environmental label program is composed of the following steps: productcategory rules (hereafter, "PCR") creation/development, PCR-based quantification,verification of the objectivity of the quantification results, and registration/publication.
Characteristic 4: A system accreditation/certification framework is provided, which allows for3

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registration/publication requests based on the internal verification results of a business.
Characteristic 5: The objectivity of quantification result is verified and ensured by a qualified
verifier appointed by the program operator.
Characteristic 6: The quantification results are published and put into a database on the
program operator's web site.
Characteristic 7: While the CFP program only quantifies greenhouse gases, the EcoLeaf
program covers various environmental characteristics (global warming, acidification,ozone layer destruction, water pollution, etc., and energy resources, resource depletion,etc.).
Characteristics 1, 2, 3, partially, and 7 are basic characteristics according to ISO 14025 andISO/TS14067, while characteristics 3, 4, 5 and 6 are characteristics of the environmental label
program that were devised in order to secure public trust.

1.3 Basic Organization of the Program
The program operator is responsible for the proper operation and administration of theenvironmental label program and ensures reliability, transparency and fairness with respect toprogram documents and individual audit results, through advices from an advisory board
centered around interested parties and experts, and deliberations by various review panels.
The environmental label program is to operate while having the following basic organization,
where each component has defined criteria, procedures, or the like:① Development, approval and publication of product category rules (PCR)
Referred to as EcoLeaf PCR in the EcoLeaf program, and to CFP-PCR in the CFP program② Verification of quantification results (product-to-product verification and system accreditation(EcoLeaf program)/certification (CFP program))③ Registration and publication<Registration and publication in the CFP program of quantification results from the EcoLeaf
program>Among the results of quantification through the EcoLeaf program, it is possible for the GHG
emissions to be registered and published as values in the CFP program.
However, use of the values of GHG emissions quantified through the CFP program as
values in the EcoLeaf program (the opposite to the above) is not possible.

1.3.1 Program Operation Framework(1) Committee in Charge of Program Operation① Advisory Board
Provides advices regarding the operation and administration of the entirety of theenvironmental label program and the creation and revision of base documents in order to4

JG-01-02
guarantee the reliability, transparency and fairness of the environmental label program.
In addition, where necessary, it establishes working groups (hereafter, "WGs") under theadvisory board to extract and sort out technical issues and problematic points that
become apparent through program operation, and provides advices in order to havethem reflected in the program.
For information on rules regarding the establishment and operation of the advisory board,
see the following document:
JR-02 Advisory Board Establishment and Operation Rules(2) Review Panels in Charge of Various Audits① EcoLeaf Review Panel
Performs approval of the results of audit performed by system auditors and the
EcoLeaf PCR drafts submitted by working groups (PCR-WGs) who create EcoLeaf PCR
drafts.
For information on rules regarding the EcoLeaf review panel, see the following
document:
ER-03 EcoLeaf Review Panel Rules② CFP Review Panel
Provides "final decision on an approval regarding a CFP-PCR review" and"confirmation/final decision on verification results associated with the 'product-to-productverification scheme', which is one of the CFP verification schemes in the CFP program,and confirmation of audit results associated with the 'system certification scheme'".
For information on rules regarding the CFP review panel, see the following document:
CR-03 CFP Review Panel Establishment and Operation Rules③ Base Unit Review Panel
Provides confirmation/final decision on "common base unit" and "characterization
factor" of the EcoLeaf program, and "basic data" of the CFP program, and on the resultsfrom the reviews on each of the above data.
For information on rules regarding the base unit review panel, see the following
documents:
JR-04 Base Unit Review Panel Establishment and Operation Rules5

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1.3.2 Approach to the Responsibility of Each Interested Party Participating in the Program
In implementing the environmental label program, clarifying the relationships among theinterested parties' responsibilities is important for the smooth operation of the program. Theseare:- Participant businesses in the program: responsible for EcoLeaf and CFP quantification
results, and, EcoLeaf and CFP declaration contents.
- CFP-PCR reviewers: responsible for performing CFP-PCR reviews based on
CFP-PCR approval judgment criteria, by following the specified procedure.
- EcoLeaf and CFP verifiers: responsible for performing EcoLeaf or CFP verification
based on EcoLeaf or CFP verification judgment criteria, by following the specified
procedure.
- System accreditation/certification auditors: responsible for performing audits based on
system certification/accreditation audit criteria, by following the specified procedure.
- Program operator: responsible for the proper operation of the environmental label
program.

1.3.3 Applicable Range of the Program(1) Parties Covered by EcoLeaf and CFP Declarations
A communication that uses EcoLeaf or CFP declaration covers interested parties suchas product manufacturers, vendors and representatives, as well as service providers, andconsumers and businesses using publicly available information.

(2) Range of Products Covered by the Program
The product range covered by the environmental label program includes everythingfrom commodity and other industrial goods, consumer durables, food and other products
from agriculture, forestry and fisheries industry, to services, etc. In addition, these are notlimited to final goods and may be intermediate goods.

(3) Range of Environmental Label Program ParticipantsaProduct manufacturers, vendors and representatives, as well as service providers, canconduct label registration/publication.

b

All interested parties※ involved in the environmental label program can propose a PCRdevelopment.
※

Types of interested party(1) Product manufacturers, vendors and representatives(2) Service providers, representatives(3) Product and service purchasers (customers)(4) General consumers(5) Administrative authority6

JG-01-02(6) Other parties directly involved in an environmental label program task

(4) Territories where the Program is Implemented
The environmental label program has been put together for the purpose of being usedin communications mainly within Japan. However, there is no limitation to participation fromoverseas.
In principle, requests or the like are to be made in Japanese; however, where
necessary, another language may be sometimes be acknowledged.

1.3.4 Mechanism to Ensure Reliability of the Program
Reliability of the information provided needs to be ensured, since EcoLeaf and CFP
declarations of the environmental label program are used for the communication withinterested parties. Therefore, reliability, transparency and fairness are to be ensured in
making EcoLeaf and CFP declarations, through measures such as in the following:(1) Use of EcoLeaf PCR and CFP-PCR
EcoLeaf PCR and CFP-PCR are to be used in the environmental label program.
EcoLeaf PCR and CFP-PCR are basic rules per product category for quantifying EcoLeaf
and CFP values and making EcoLeaf and CFP declarations, with the purpose of providing
interested parties with information on which conditions EcoLeaf and CFP values are being
quantified under, and, improving the understanding of the contents of a communication.

(2) Enforcement of Verification
The environmental label program is to enforce verification of EcoLeaf PCR and
CFP-PCR-based quantification results and EcoLeaf/CFP declaration methods, in order toprovide interested parties with information ensuring reliability, transparency and fairness.

1.3.5 Provision of Base Unit Data
The environmental label program is to manage and provide the base unit data used in thequantifications.

Base Unit Data Verification and Operation
The "common base unit" and the "PCR base unit" in EcoLeaf, and the "basic data" in the
CFP program must receive the base unit data verification specified by the program operator.
For information on rules regarding base unit data, see the following documents:
EcoLeaf

ER-14 EcoLeaf Label Support Software and Database Usage Rules

CFP

CR-05 Base Unit Data Verification and Operation Rules
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1.3.6 Fee Schedule
For the proper operation of the environmental label program, appropriate fees are to be
set to secure the funds needed for the operation.
For information on rules regarding fee setting, see the following documents:
EcoLeaf

ER-15 EcoLeaf Environmental Label Pricing Rules

CFP

CR-14 Pricing Rules

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2. EcoLeaf program
2.1 Scope of Environmental Information Provided by the Program
The EcoLeaf program provides the calculation results from inventory analysis and impact
assessment based on LCA, as product environmental information.

2.2 Basics of EcoLeaf Quantification
2.2.1 Inventory Analysis (Fundamental Rules Pertaining to Quantification)
In the EcoLeaf inventory analysis results, the boundaries of the inputs and outputs are
unified and extend to natural environments.
The EcoLeaf calculation items consist of two environmental load category items:
consumption and environmental discharge. The consumption load category item is divided
into two major category items: exhaustible resources and renewable resources such as water
and wood. The exhaustible resources further consist of energy resources such as coal anduranium ore, and mineral resources such as iron ore and bauxite. The environmental
discharge load category item is divided into three: discharges into the atmosphere such as
CO2, into bodies of water such as BOD, and into soil.
In EcoLeaf, I, the amount of inventory at each stage, can be determined using formula (1),by summing the products between W, the amount of relevant activity, and a, thecorresponding base unit.
I=Σ (a×W)
I:････(1)amount of inventory (amount of crude oil extracted, amount of ironore excavated, CO2 emissions, etc.)a:base unit (amount of inventory per amount of unit activity)

W: amount of activity (quantities used, quantities discharged, quantities
treated, quantities transported, etc.)<Types of EcoLeaf Base Unit>

An EcoLeaf base unit adopts a "process totaling data" scheme and includes the following two:
Common base unit:
base unit prepared by the program operator for the purpose of creating an EcoLeaf
environmental label, which can be used commonly to all the product categories asbackground data for LCI calculations.

PCR base unit:
base unit created for each product category as necessary for the purpose of using it on a
per-product-category, which can be used as a background data for LCI calculation only in thesame product category.
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2.2.2 Impact Assessment (Fundamental Rules Pertaining to Quantification)
Includes up to the characterization analysis phase of the impact assessment defined in
EcoLeaf, the boundaries being unified and extending to natural environments similarly to theinventory analysis.
Similarly to the inventory analysis, the environmental impact items are divided into two
major load category items: consumption and environmental discharge. The consumption load
category item is divided into energy resource and mineral resource depletion loads, while theenvironmental discharge load category item is subdivided into category items such as global
warming and acidification for the atmosphere, and eutrophication for bodies of water. The
category items are determined for each product category.
In EcoLeaf, P, the impact assessment quantity per category, such as global warming, ateach stage can be determined using formula (2), by summing the products between I, theamount of a relevant inventory, and α, a per-category characterization factor:
P=Σ (α×I)････(2)

P: per-category impact assessment quantity (global warming load,
acidification load, etc.)
α:characterization factor (global warming potential, acidification factor,
etc.)
Reference (from ISO14044): factor derived from acharacterization model, used for conversion into a common unitI:

amount of inventory (crude oil amount, iron ore amount, CO2
emissions, etc.)

2.3 Basics of EcoLeaf Registration and Publication
2.3.1 Environmental Information Contents to be Published
The EcoLeaf program provides the calculation results from inventory analysis and impact
assessment based on LCA, as product environmental information in the following 3 sheets:① Product Environmental Aspects Declaration (PEAD)
Information that compiles quantitative environmental aspects of, e.g., a product, concisely
represented by paying attention to uniformity and visuals in order to help a productpurchaser or a general consumer understand.
② Product Environmental Information Data Sheet (PEIDS)
Detailed data displaying the basis of the PEAD, in which inventory analysis results, impact
assessment results and energy consumption are summarized.
In an inventory analysis, inputs and outputs in terms of energy resources, raw materials
and environmental materials through the entire life cycle of, e.g., a product are calculated10JG-01-02
and evaluated based on unified LCA methods, and organized in a given format. An impact
assessment indicates these results in terms of magnitude of impact on specific categories
that are easily understood in general, i.e., resource depletion, global warming, etc.
③ Product Data Sheet (PDS)This sheet is a document in which basic data that are to support the preparation of the
PEIDS have been aggregated.
It is a data sheet that describes the inputs and outputs such as energy resources, rawmaterials and substances of concern per product or service unit based on actual values
within a range that the EcoLeaf environmental label preparer can grasp (for instance,
within its factory).

2.3.2 Cautions When Making Environmental Information Publication
A publication of an EcoLeaf environmental label is to be readily understood by aninterested party receiving the information and is to have avoided any misleading expressions.

2.3.3 Handling of Comparisons in EcoLeaf
In order to ensure that comparisons are possible, the EcoLeaf program has adopted theuse of common base units and concrete agreements on EcoLeaf PCRs.

2.4 Procedure for EcoLeaf Quantification and Registration Publication
2.4.1 Development of EcoLeaf PCR
Those who wish to have an EcoLeaf PCR developed, amended, etc., are to follow therules specified in the following:
ER-04 EcoLeaf Product Category Rules (PCR) Creation Rules(1) Creation of EcoLeaf - PCR Draft
A business that wishes to have an EcoLeaf PCR established is to develop a PCR draft
through the following procedure:<<Proposal Application Formalities>>
Those who wish to have a new EcoLeaf PCR created are to make a written request to
the secretariat (program operator) by following given formalities.
<<Adoption/rejection Determination>>
The program operator determines whether or not to accept the proposal in accordancewith criteria from a manual established separately, and notifies the proposer of the results.
<<Formation of PCR-WG>>
The program operator makes an announcement on the operator's home page, or the
like, and calls for participants in the PCR-WG.
<<Development of PCR Draft>>11

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The participants in the PCR-WG develop a PCR draft according to a separately
established manual.
For the purpose of securing fairness and ease of comparison of the data to be
published, EcoLeaf PCR draft must have, for each product category concerned, a content
that unifies basic requirements such as the product's target range and various conditions
and rules applied for LCA calculations.
In developing an EcoLeaf PCR draft, data-related requirements described in the PCRdevelopment rules must be followed.

(2) EcoLeaf PCR Approval
To determine whether or not it should be established, a PCR draft submitted from a
PCR-WG undergoes evaluation and approval from an EcoLeaf review panel according tocriteria from a manual established separately. The approved PCR is published on the
EcoLeaf web site.

(3) EcoLeaf PCR Validity Period and Post-approval Handling
The validity period of an approved EcoLeaf PCR is 3 years.
An EcoLeaf PCR that has reached expiration is subjected to the following procedure to
determine either to renew, revise or discontinue the PCR:
(1) Hearing of comments from interested parties(2) Renewal revision or discontinuation is determined by the program operator inaccordance with criteria from a manual established separately.
A proposal for PCR revision can be made even when the 3-year validity period has notbeen reached.

2.4.2 EcoLeaf Verification
A business that wishes to make an EcoLeaf registration and publication must undergo thethird party verification specified by the program operator, in order to confirm that thequantification results (quantitative environmental data per individual product) conform to set
EcoLeaf PCR requirements and that they are based on adequate grounds. EcoLeaf
verification schemes include a product-to-product verification scheme and a systemaccreditation scheme.

(1) Preparation of EcoLeaf Quantification and Verification Documents
A business that wishes to make an EcoLeaf environmental label registration andpublication is to perform LCA quantification of its own product according to relevant rules
and manuals and applicable EcoLeaf PCR, and prepare the following 6 types of documents(a set of verification documents) provided by the program operator:･Product environmental aspect declaration (PEAD)
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JG-01-02･Product environmental information data sheet (PEIDS)･Product data sheet (PDS)･Breakdown data sheets (1: Product; 2: Manufacturing site; 3: Stage)･Relevant calculation documents (1: Inventory analysis; 2: Impact Assessment)･Various figures and tables supplementing the contents, and others
For information on rules regarding EcoLeaf quantification, see the following document:
ER-05 EcoLeaf Quantification Rules(2) Basic Ideas Behind EcoLeaf Verification
The EcoLeaf program examines the contents of the verification documents from thefollowing basic standpoints:･Conformity to PCR･Appropriateness of LCA calculation･Appropriateness of the data foundation
For information on rules regarding verification, see the following document:
ER-07 EcoLeaf Verification Rules(3) Product-to-product verification scheme
Upon receiving a request for verification from a business that wishes to make an
EcoLeaf registration publication, the program operator assigns a verifier from among theregistered verifiers. The verifier conducts a verification of the draft that is the subject of therequest in accordance to the verification rules, and makes an acceptance/rejection decision.

(4) System Accreditation Scheme
The system accreditation is for confirming whether or not a business possesses a
system for accumulating quantitative environmental information data on its products. Thissystem is audited for its appropriate, effective and continuous functionality, and accredited,with the objective of maintaining reliability of the quantitative data displayed on the EcoLeaf
environmental label issued in the EcoLeaf program.
In the system being subjected to accreditation, the origin of the product environment
data must be specified, and the methods, criteria, responsibility framework, and the like, formeasuring, recording, totaling and processing the data to have them issued as an EcoLeaf
environmental label must be provided and functioning continuously.
The organization framework containing all the measures, methods, responsibilities andauthorities mentioned above must be documented and conserved.
A business that wishes to have a system accredited must make a request for systemaccreditation, be audited by a system accreditation auditor assigned by the program13

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operator, and have the results approved by the EcoLeaf review panel.
Having the system accredited allows a request for EcoLeaf registration/publication to
be made via the business' internal verification.
In addition, the validity period for the system accreditation is 3 years.
For information on rules regarding EcoLeaf system accreditation, see the following
document:
ER-06 EcoLeaf System Accreditation Rules

2.4.3 EcoLeaf registration and publication
A business determined to have passed the above verification is to undergo EcoLeaf
registration/publication formalities by following the procedure specified by the program
operator procedure.
For information on rules regarding EcoLeaf label registration publication, see thefollowing document:
ER-09 EcoLeaf Label Registration Publication Rules(1) EcoLeaf Registration/Publication Request
A business that passed the verification is to make an EcoLeaf registration/publication
request to the program operator and publish formatted registration information (3 types ofsheet) on the EcoLeaf web site.

(2) EcoLeaf Registration/Publication Renewal
While there is no expiration date for a registered and published EcoLeaf, registration
continuation formalities are necessary at a period specified by the program operator, inprinciple every year, and if there are no continuation formalities, the EcoLeaf registrationand publication concerned is canceled, and the verification becomes invalid.

(3) Modification of Registered/Published Contents
Should there be a significant modification to the registered/published contents, thebusiness must immediately make a request for modification of the registered/publishedinformation, regardless of the renewal deadline. Where necessary, the program operator
again performs verification.

(4) Request for Use Pertaining to Use of EcoLeaf MarkWhen a business is to use an EcoLeaf mark in relation to a product under EcoLeaf
registration/publication, it must submit a written request for use to the program operator, andmake efforts to, e.g., prevent unauthorized use or misunderstanding when using the mark.
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For information on rules regarding EcoLeaf label specifications, see the following
document:
ER-08 EcoLeaf Label Specification Rules

2.5 EcoLeaf Auditor and Verifier
2.5.1 Auditor's Qualifications
An auditor who is to conduct an accreditation audit of a business' product environment
data collection system must first pass a qualification test based on the EcoLeaf personnel
qualification test/training rules defined separately, and register. The auditor must perform theaudit in accordance with the criteria and procedures described in the EcoLeaf systemaccreditation rules defined separately.
For information on rules regarding EcoLeaf auditors, see the following documents:
ER-13 EcoLeaf Personnel Qualification Test/Training Rules
ER-06 EcoLeaf System Accreditation Rules

2.5.2 Product Environment Data Verifier's Qualifications
A verifier who is to conduct a product environment data verification must first pass aqualification test based on the EcoLeaf personnel qualification test/training rules specified
separately, and register. The verifier must perform the verification in accordance with thecriteria and procedures described in the EcoLeaf verification rules defined separately.
For information on rules regarding EcoLeaf verifiers, see the following documents:
ER-13 EcoLeaf Personnel Qualification Test/Training Rules
ER-07 EcoLeaf Verification Rules

2.5.3 Compliance by System Accreditation/Certification Auditor and Data Verifier
Auditors and verifiers are asked to have strong ethics, as they are in a position whichbrings them in contact with confidential matters that are relevant to the production, sales, etc.,
of a product, or the like, of a participant in the environmental label program, such as abusiness. It follows that, matters to be observed by both parties are to be spelled out andmade known to all registered system accreditation auditors and verifiers.
For information on compliance by auditors and verifiers, see the following document:
ER-12 EcoLeaf Personnel Compliance Rules

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3 CFP program
3.1 Scope of Environmental Information Provided in the Program
The CFP program only quantifies greenhouse gases (hereafter, "GHGs") and does not
apply to the evaluation of other environmental impacts.

3.2 Basics of CFP Quantification
3.2.1 GHGs Subjected to Quantification
The GHGs that are to be quantified are as follows:･ GHG types: the six types covered by the Kyoto Protocol, i.e., CO2, CH4, N2O, HFCs,
PFCs, and SF6･ Target emission sources: anthropogenic processes (including emissions, or the like,from livestock and other agricultural processes)･ GWP (*): the 100-year value from the IPCC Secondary Assessment Report is to be
adopted as the reference value since it has been the quantification standard of
per-country emissions in the Kyoto Protocol(*) GWP (Global Warming Potential): factor representing the extent of greenhouseeffect of the GHG as a ratio to that of CO2.
3.2.2 Range of Quantification
The range of quantification must be set so as to be a range in which a product's function
is fulfilled and to include processes that cannot be ignored due to the magnitude of theircontribution to CO2 emissions.
3.2.3 Quantification Method (Fundamental Rules Regarding Quantification)
The CFP quantification method follows the following formula:

活動量
活動量
CO2排出量COCO
2CO排出量
2i 
排出原単位emissionsamount×CObase unit(activity )CO2排出原単位
2
排出量
=
活動量
 CO
排出原単位
i 2
i
i
  活動量( i represents
 CO2a process)
排出原単位i 2ii

An activity amount is an indicator representing the amount of emission activity that iscorrelated with CO2 emissions. While it is different depending on the activity, it corresponds tothe amount of material used, the amount of electricity consumed, the amount of landfill, etc.
The base unit is an indicator representing the CO2 emissions during a life cycle per
activity amount. While it is different depending on the activity, it corresponds to the CO2
emissions during a life cycle per kg of material, etc. In the CFP program, it represents thebasic data published by the program operator, etc.

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JG-01-02<Types of CFP Base Unit>
In the CFP base unit data, there are "basic data" and, to complement the basic data,
there are"usable data", etc, of which a utilization that follows the same philosophy isapproved as needed.
In addition, when a business is considering using its own base unit data for CFP
quantification, the program operator is to perform, as needed, an assessment according toseparately specified requirements and determine whether or not it can be utilized as "usable
data". By principle, such data has to be published.

3.2.4 Unit of Quantification
In the CFP program, the unit of quantification is the "functional unit". The functional unit
includes "product unit", "sales unit" and "physical unit (for instance, "per 100 g")".

3.3 Basics of CFP Declaration
A CFP declaration is in the form of a CFP mark, a displayed value, additional information,and registered information posted on the CFP web site, which are released based on CFP
quantification results, and the CFP program specifies the minimum requirements necessary forthese four components.
When a business communicates through a CFP declaration, this is by principle
accompanied by the use of a CFP mark.

3.3.1 Efforts by Businesses Making CFP Declaration
A business making a CFP declaration is asked to make continuous efforts to reduce CO2
emissions.

3.3.2 Cautions When Making CFP Declaration
A CFP declaration is to be readily understood by an interested party receiving theinformation and is to have avoided any misleading expressions.

3.3.3 Handling of Comparisons in CFP Declaration
Unless otherwise approved in the CFP program, no CFP comparison must be performed.

3.4 CFP Quantification and Declaration
3.4.1 Development of CFP-PCR
Those who wish to have a CFP-PCR developed, amended, etc., are to follow the rules
specified in the following:
CR-06 Carbon Footprint Product Category Rules (CFP-PCR) Approval Rules

17

JG-01-02(1) Development of CFP-PCR Draft
A business that wishes to have a CFP-PCR developed for a new product category is to
examine a CFP-PCR draft in an individual company or in a CFP-PCR draft development
WG. The WG is constituted from a group of several interested parties or an industry group.
A CFP-PCR draft is to contain a definition of the applicable product, each life cycle
phase setting, data collection item, primary data collection item and its collection method,
and the contents of rules such as for CFP declaration.
In developing the CFP-PCR draft, a trial calculation of the CFP is to be performed forthe applicable product, which must be the basis for determining the data-related
requirements, or the like, that are to be described in the CFP-PCR.

(2) CFP-PCR Approval
Upon receiving a request for approval of a CFP-PCR draft from a business, theprogram operator assigns a CFP-PCR reviewer from among the registered reviewers. The
CFP-PCR reviewer conducts a CFP-PCR review of the request. The CFP review panel
receives the report from the CFP-PCR reviewer and makes a final decision on the request.
The approved CFP-PCR is published on the CFP web site.

(3) CFP-PCR Validity Period and Post-approval Handling
The validity period of an approved CFP-PCR is 5 years.
A business that wishes to have a CFP-PCR amended can be reviewed for CFP-PCR
amendment by submitting a written request for CFP-PCR amendment regardless of thevalidity period. In addition, a request for CFP-PCR renewal can be made prior to the
expiration of the validity period.
However, in cases where there are no records of CFP verification performed using the
CFP-PCR for one year or longer after the approval, and in cases where a new technology
needs to be reflected, it can be revised as appropriate, regardless of the validity period, by
the program operator, through consultation with the parties involved.

3.4.2 CFP Verification
A business that wishes to make a CFP declaration must undergo the verification specified
by the program operator regarding conformity of the CFP quantification results and a draft
declaration to the approved CFP-PCR and relevant rules. The CFP verification has a
product-to-product verification scheme and a system certification scheme.

(1) CFP Quantification and Development of a Draft CFP Declaration
A business that wishes to make a CFP declaration is to perform CFP quantification of
its own product according to relevant rules and approved CFP-PCR, and develop a draft
CFP declaration.
18

JG-01-02

For information on rules regarding CFP quantification and development of draft CFP
declaration, see the following document:
CR-07 Carbon Footprint Quantification/Declaration Rules(2) Basic Ideas Behind CFP Verification
The CFP program examines CFP quantification and draft declaration from the following
basic stand points:･Conformity to relevant rules･Conformity to applicable CFP-PCR･Securing data traceability(3) CFP Product-to-product Verification Scheme
Upon receiving a request for CFP verification from a business that wishes to make a
CFP declaration, the program operator assigns a CFP verifier from among the registeredreviewers. The CFP verifier conducts a CFP verification of the draft that is the subject of therequest, and makes an acceptance/rejection decision. The review panel performs a
confirmation of the verification results issued by the CFP verifier, and makes a final decisionon the draft.
For information on rules regarding product-to-product verification scheme, see thefollowing document:
CR-08 Carbon Footprint Verification Rules(4) CFP System Certification Scheme
The objective of the system certification is to have the CFP quantification, verificationand publication system established inside a business that wishes to make a CFP
declaration meet the requirements, so that CFP quantification results and declaration
originating from the quantification and verification performed by the business aretrustworthy.
Based on the requirements specified below by the program operator, a CFP system
certification body registered with the program operator conducts auditing and certification of
the system established internally by the business. The CFP review panel performs
confirmation of the audit results issued by the CFP system certification body.
Having the system certified allows a request for registration/publication of a CFP
declaration to be made via the business' internal verification.
In addition, the validity period for the system certification is 3 years.
For information on rules regarding the system certification scheme, see the following
19

JG-01-02
document:
CR-09 Carbon Footprint System Certification Rules

3.4.3 Registration and Publication of CFP Declaration
A business determined to have passed the CFP verification spelled in 3.4.2 must undergo
CFP declaration registration/publication formalities by following the procedure specified by
the program operator.
When a CFP declaration is to be made by using quantification results obtained throughthe EcoLeaf program, the product-to-product verification specified in the EcoLeaf program
must have been passed or the internal verification by the system certification must have been
completed.
For information on rules regarding CFP declaration registration/publication, see thefollowing document:
CR-10 Carbon Footprint Declaration Registration/Publication Rules(1) CFP Declaration Registration/Publication Request
A business that wishes to have a CFP declaration registered is to make a CFP
declaration registration/publication request to the program operator and publish theregistration information, or the like, on the CFP web site.

(2) CFP Declaration Registration/Publication Renewal
A CFP declaration registration/publication is to be renewed in principle every year, in
accordance with the period specified by the program operator. If the registration/publication
is not renewed, the verification concerning the corresponding CFP is no longer valid.

(3) Modification of Registered/Published Contents
Should there be a significant modification to the registered/published contents, thebusiness must immediately make a request for modification of the registered/publishedinformation, regardless of the renewal deadline. Where necessary, the program operator
again performs CFP verification.

(4) License Agreement Pertaining to Use of CFP MarkWhen a CFP declaration is to be registered/published, a CFP mark license agreement
is entered into with the program operator to agree on preventing unauthorized use, etc., inusing the CFP mark.

20

JG-01-02
3.5 CFP Registered Reviewer/Internal Verifier and CFP System Certification Body
Registered reviewer is a general term for an individual who has registered, throughformalities specified by the program operator, as a person who reviews CFP-PCR or performs
CFP verification. In addition, an internal verifier is a person or a team that performs internalverification in a CFP system.
CFP system certification body is a general term for a body that has registered throughformalities specified by the program operator, is an independent organization from the program
operator, and is a body that performs CFP system certification (hereafter, "CFP system
certification body").
3.5.1 Registered Reviewer/Internal Verifier Requirements
The CFP program ensures reliability of CFP quantification results and declaration
through tasks such as CFP-PCR review and CFP verification. Those parties involved in eachof these tasks are thus asked to serve these roles with a given level of competence.
Therefore, in performing CFP-PCR review and CFP verification (including internalverification), they must attend classes to receive trainings enforced by the program operator. In
addition, after attending the classes, a given level of practical work experience needs to beaccumulated.
Those that the program operator judges as having the competence for the proper
operation of the CFP program become registered as registered reviewers or internal verifiers.
For information on registration and competence of registered reviewers and internalverifiers, see the following document:
R-11 Registered Reviewer/Internal Verifier Registration and Evaluation Rules
3.5.2 Requirements Relevant to CFP System Certification Body
The value of the certification lies in the reliability established through a fair audit that is
guaranteed to having been conducted competently by a third party.
The CFP system certification body and the CFP system certification auditor are thus
asked to serve these roles with a given level of competence.
The CFP system certification auditor must attend classes to receive trainings specified by
the program operator. In addition, after attending the classes, a given level of practical work
experience needs to be accumulated.
A body that the program operator judges as being competent becomes registered as a
CFP system certification body. In addition, an auditor in a CFP system certification audit isrequired to have the level of competence required of a CFP system certification auditor.
For information on the registration and competence of a CFP system certification bodyand a CFP system certification auditor, see the following documents:
R-12 Carbon Footprint System Certification Body Registration and Evaluation Rules
21

JG-01-02

4. Document Management
In order to operate the environmental label program smoothly, the program operator specifies
the relationships among the documents used and the manner in which they are to be used, in adocument management system. By principle, these documents are to be published.
In addition, based on the status of the program's implementation, the program operator
performs a periodic review of the base document through advices made by e.g. the advisory board
at least once every 5 years.
For information on rules regarding document management, see the following documents:
EcoLeafER-01 EcoLeaf Environmental Label Document Management Rules

CFP

CR-01 Document Management Rules

5. Ethical Standards and Handling of Confidential Information
The program operator specifies ethical standards with the objective that the environmental
label program's operation and tasks are executed equitably and fairly without being biased toward
the interest of some.
The parties involved in the environmental label program and the program operator must
adhere to the following ethical standards.
In addition, in environmental label program, given that one may come into contact withconfidential matters relevant to the product of a business in the course of a verification, theprogram operator is to develop rules for "handling of confidential matters" that must be observedby the parties involved, and ensure that the parties involved are bound by the required
non-disclosure agreement.
For information on rules regarding ethical standards and handling of confidential
information, see the following documents:
EcoLeaf

ER-11 EcoLeaf Ethical Standards

CFP

CR-13 Ethics/Confidentiality Matters Handling Rules

6. Objection/Complaint Management
Should there be a formal objection/complaint or a dispute from a party involved, the program
operator is to respond with integrity.
A formal objection is an appeal issued from an organization making a request or an
organization undergoing certification, asking for reconsideration of a negative determination madein relation to its desired status.
A complaint is an expression of dissatisfaction against an organization making a request or an
organization undergoing certification, regarding a product or a complaint handling process, whichis explicitly or implicitly expected to be handled or resolved.

22

JG-01-02
Regardingformalobjection/complaint/dispute

management,

seedocuments:
EcoLeaf

ER-10 EcoLeaf Complaint/Dispute Management Rules

CFP

CR-15 Objection/Complaint/Dispute Management Rules

7. Program Operator
The environmental label program is operated and administered by:
Name:

Japan Environmental Management Association for Industry

Address:

2-1 Kajicho 2-chome, Chiyoda-ku, Tokyo, JAPAN 101-0044(Sumitomo Mitsui Banking Kanda-ekimae bldg.)

23

the

followingJG-01-02
Appendix

Revision

Date

Page(s)Description

August 1st, 2013-

Document creation. Based on the revisions forNo.
01

integrating

EcoLeafandCarbonFootprint

Communication Program, the EcoLeaf environmental
label operation guidelines and the Carbon Footprint
Communication Program Basic Instructions have beencombined into one and issued.
02

January 31st,
2014

4, 16

The description regarding the quantification results fromthe EcoLeaf program being registered/published in the
CFP program has been added.

24

JG-01-02

Supplement
This document specifies the terms and definitions used in the "Carbon Footprint Communication
Program" (hereafter, "CFP Program") operated and administered by the Japan Environmental
Management Association for Industry.
1

Terms relating to CFP quantification

1.1
Carbon footprint of a product
CFP
Sum of greenhouse gas emissions (entry 2.5) and removals (entry 2.6) in a product system (entry
3.2). Expressed as CO2 equivalents (entry 2.2) and based on a life cycle assessment (entry 4.3).
Note 1 to entry: the CO2 equivalent (entry 2.2) of a specific amount of greenhouse gas (entry 2.1)
is calculated as the mass of a specific greenhouse gas (entry 2.1) multiplied by its global warming
potential (entry 2.4).
1.2
Partial carbon footprint of a productPartial CFP
Sum of greenhouse gas emissions (entry 2.5) and removals (entry 2.6) in one or more selected
process(es) (entry 3.5) of a product system (entry 3.2). Expressed as CO2 equivalents (entry 2.2)
and based on a life cycle assessment (entry 4.3).
Note 1 to entry: A partial CFP often concerns a process modeled from a specific phase in a life
cycle (entry 4.2).
Note 2 to entry: A partial CFP is based on or compiled from (a) specific process(es) or information
modules (entry 3.4), which is/are part of a product system (entry 3.2) and may form the basis for a
CFP (entry 1.1). More detailed information on information modules (entry 3.4) is given in ISO
14025:2006, 5.4.
1.3
Carbon-footprint-of-a-product study
CFP study
Study which includes the quantification and reporting of the CFP (entry 1.1) or the partial CFP(entry 1.2).
1.4
Carbon-footprint-of-a-product study report
CFP study report
Report on a CFP study (entry 1.3).
25

JG-01-02

1.5
Offsetting
Mechanism for compensating for a CFP (entry 1.1) or a partial CFP (entry 1.2) through theprevention of the release of, reduction in, or removal of an amount of greenhouse gas emissions(entry 2.5) in a process (entry 3.5) outside the boundary of the product system (entry 3.2).
Example: External investment in renewable technologies, energy efficiency measures,
afforestation/reforestation.
Note 1 to entry: Offsetting is not allowed in the CFP quantification and thus is not reflected in any
CFP communication.
[Source: ISO 14021:1999/FDAM 1:2011, modified—revised the information in the original Note to
be presented as an "Example" (as above) and added a new "Note 1 to entry" providing information
on rules regarding offsetting.]

2

Terms relating to greenhouse gases

2.1
Greenhouse gas
GHG
Gaseous constituent of the atmosphere, both natural and anthropogenic, that absorbs and emitsradiation at specific wavelengths within the spectrum of infrared radiation emitted by the earth's
surface, the atmosphere, and clouds.
Note 1 to entry: Water vapor and ozone are anthropogenic but, similarly to natural greenhousegases, are not included as recognized greenhouse gases due to difficulties in isolating thehuman-induced component of global warming attributable to their presence in the atmosphere.
[Source: ISO 14064-1:2006, 2.1, modified -- "Note 1 to entry" has been added; original Note listing
examples of GHGs has been omitted.]
2.2
Carbon dioxide equivalent
CO2 equivalents
CO2e
Mass from a conversion of the radiative forcing of a greenhouse gas (entry 2.1) into an amount ofcarbon dioxide.
Note 1 to entry: A carbon dioxide equivalent is calculated as the mass of a given greenhouse gas
multiplied by its global warming potential (entry 2.4).
[Source: ISO 14064-1:2006, 2.19, modified -- "Note 1 to entry" has been added.]26

JG-01-02
2.3
Carbon storage in product
Carbon removed from the atmosphere and stored as carbon in a product (entry 3.1).
2.4
Global warming potential
GWP
Characterization factor (ISO 14050:2009, 7.2.2.2) describing the mass of carbon dioxide that has
the same accumulated radiative forcing over a given period of time as one mass unit of a given
greenhouse gas (entry 2.1).
[Source: ISO 14064-1:2006, 2.18, modified]
2.5
Greenhouse gas emission
GHG emission
Mass of a greenhouse gas (entry 2.1) released to the atmosphere.
[Source: ISO 14064-1:2006, 2.5, modified -- "over a specific time period" has been omitted.]
2.6
Greenhouse gas removal
GHG removal
Mass of a greenhouse gas (entry 2.1) removed from the atmosphere.
[Source: ISO 14064-1:2006, 2.6, modified -- "over a specific time period" has been omitted.]
2.7
Greenhouse gas source
GHG source
Process (entry 3.5) that releases a greenhouse gas (entry 2.1) into the atmosphere.
Note 1 to entry: Process types include processes that are natural, mechanical, or the like.
2.8
Greenhouse gas sink
GHG sink
Process (entry 3.5) that removes a greenhouse gas (entry 2.1) from the atmosphere.
Note 1 to entry: Process types include processes that are natural, mechanical, or the like.

27

JG-01-02
3

Terms relating to product, product system, and process

3.1
Product
Any goods or service.
Note 1 to entry: The product can be categorized as follows:- service (e.g. transport, implementation of events, electricity);- software (e.g. computer program);- hardware (e.g. engine mechanical part);- processed material (e.g. lubricant, ore, fuel);- unprocessed material (e.g. agricultural produce)
Note 2 to entry: Services have tangible and intangible elements. Provision of a service can involve,
for example, the following:- an activity performed on a customer-supplied tangible product (e.g. automobile to be repaired)- an activity performed on a customer-supplied intangible product (e.g. the income statement
needed to prepare a tax return)- the delivery of an intangible product (e.g. the delivery of information in the context of knowledgetransmission)- the creation of ambiance for the customer (e.g. in hotels and restaurants)
Software consists of information and is generally intangible and can be in the form of approaches,transactions or procedures.
Hardware is generally tangible and its amount is a countable characteristic. Processed materials
are generally tangible and their amount is a continuous characteristic.
[Source: ISO 14044:2006, 9, modified -- "Note 1 to entry" has been modified to have "dictionary"removed from the second bullet, and "Note 3 to entry" dealing with the origin of the definitions has
been omitted.
3.2
Product system
Collection of unit processes (entry 3.6) with elementary flows (entry 3.9) and product flows (ISO14050:2009, 6.11), performing one or more defined functions and which models the life cycle(entry 4.2) of a product (entry 3.1).
[Source: ISO 14044:2006, 28]
3.3
System boundary
Set of criteria specifying which unit processes (entry 3.6) are part of a product system (entry 3.2).
[Source: ISO 14044:2006, 32]28

JG-01-02
3.4
Information module
Compilation of data covering a unit process (entry 3.6) or a combination of unit processes that arepart of a life cycle (entry 4.2) of a product (entry 3.1).
Note 1 to entry: One or more information modules can be the basis a partial CFP (entry 1.2). In
addition, several information modules can be the basis of a CFP (entry 1.1).
[Source: ISO 14025:2006, 13, modified—Reference in definition to being "used as a basis for TypeIII environmental declaration" has been removed, and a new "Note 1 to entry" has been added.]
3.5
Process
Set of interrelated or interacting activities that transforms inputs (ISO 14050:2009, 6.17) into
outputs (ISO 14050:2009, 6.18).
[Source: ISO 14044:2006, 11]
3.6
Unit process
Smallest element considered in life cycle inventory analysis (entry 4.6) for which input (ISO14050:2009, 6.17) and output (ISO 14050:2009, 6.18) data are quantified.
[Source: ISO 14040:2006, 34]
3.7
Functional unit
Quantified reference unit representing the performance of a product system (entry 3.2).
Note 1 to entry: As the CFP (entry 1.1) treats information on a product (entry 3.1), the functional
unit can be a product unit, sales unit, or service unit.
[Source: ISO 14040:2006, 20, modified -- "Note 1 to entry" has been added.]
3.8
Reference flow
Quantitative measure of the output (ISO 14050:2009, 6.18) from processes (entry 3.5) in a productsystem (entry 3.2) required to fulfill the function expressed by the functional unit (entry 3.7).
Note 1 to entry: For an example of applying the concept of reference flow, see "Example" in entry
6.2.3.
[Source: ISO 14040:2006, 29, modified -- "Note 1 to entry" has been added.]
3.9
Elementary flow
Material or energy entering the system being studied, which is material or energy entering the29

JG-01-02
system being environmentally studied without previous human transformation that has beendrawn from the environment (ISO 14050:2009, 1) without previous human transformation, or,material or energy leaving the system that has been drawn from material or energy released into
the environment without subsequent human transformation, or, material or energy leaving thesystem that is released into the environment without subsequent human transformation.
[Source: ISO 14044:2006, 12]
3.10
Product category
Group of products (entry 3.1) that have equivalent functions.
[Source: ISO 14025:2006, 12]
3.11
Product category rules
PCR
Set of specific rules, requirements and guidelines for developing Type III environmental
declarations (ISO 14050:2009, 8.5) for one or more product categories (entry 3.10).
Note 1 to entry: PCR include quantification rules compliant with ISO 14044.
[Source: ISO 14025:2006, 5, modified -- "Note 1 to entry" has been added.]
3.12
Carbon footprint of a product-product category rules
CFP-PCR
Set of specific rules, requirements and guidelines for quantification and communication on CFP(entry 1.1) for one or more product categories (entry 3.10).
3.13
Service life
Period of time during which a product (entry 3.1) in use meets or exceeds the performancerequirements.
[Source: ISO 15686-1:2000, 1.1, modified—More general wording has been used.]4

Terms relating to life cycle assessment

4.1
Cut-off criteria
Specification of the amount of material or energy flow (ISO 14050:2009, 6.13) or the level ofsignificance associated with unit process (entry 3.6) or product system (entry 3.2) to be excluded
from a CFP study (entry 1.3).
30

JG-01-02[Source: ISO 14044:2006, 18, modified -- "environmental significance" has been changed to"significance" and "study" has been changed to "CFP study".]
4.2
Life cycle
Consecutive and interlinked stages of a product system (entry 3.2), from raw material (ISO14050:2009, 6.12) acquisition or generation from natural resources to final disposal.
[Source: ISO 14044:2006, 1]
4.3
Life cycle assessment
LCA
Compilation and evaluation of the inputs (ISO 14050:2009, 6.17), outputs (ISO 14050:2009, 6.18)
and the potential environmental impacts (ISO 14050:2009, 3) of a product system (entry 3.2)
throughout its life cycle (entry 4.2).
[Source: ISO 14044:2006, 2]
4.4
Life cycle impact assessment
LCIA
Phase of life cycle assessment (entry 4.3) aimed at understanding and evaluating the magnitude
and significance of the potential environmental impacts (ISO 14050:2009, 3) for a product system(entry 3.2) throughout the life cycle (entry 4.2) of the product (entry 3.1).
[Source: ISO 14044:2006, 4]
4.5Life cycle interpretation
Phase of LCA in which the findings obtained from either the life cycle inventory analysis (entry 4.6)or the life cycle impact assessment (entry 4.4), or both, are evaluated in relation to the definedgoal and scope in order to reach conclusions and recommendations in the life cycle assessment(entry 4.3).
[Source: ISO 14044:2006, 5, modified—The term "inventory analysis" has been changed to "lifecycle inventory analysis".]4.6
Life cycle inventory analysis
LCI
Phase of life cycle assessment (entry 4.3) involving the compilation and quantification of inputs(ISO 14050:2009, 6.17) and outputs (ISO 14050:2009, 6.18) for a product throughout its life cycle31

JG-01-02(entry 4.2).
[Source: ISO 14044:2006, 3]
4.7
Sensitivity analysis
Systematic procedures for estimating the effects of the choices made regarding methods and dataon the outcome of a CFP study (entry 1.3).
[Source: ISO 14044:2006, 31, modified—By making specific reference to "CFP study".]5

Terms relating to data and data quality

5.1
Primary data
Quantified value of a unit process (entry 3.6) or an activity within the product system (entry 3.2)
obtained from a direct measurement or a calculation based on direct measurements at its original
source.
Note 1 to entry: Primary data need not necessarily originate from a product system (entry 3.2)
under study.
5.2
Site-specific data
Data obtained from a direct measurement or a calculation based on direct measurements at its
original source within the product system (entry 3.2).
Note 1 to entry: All site-specific data are "primary data" (entry 7.1), but not all primary data aresite-specific data, because these may also relate to a different product system (entry 3.2).
5.3
Secondary data
Data obtained from sources other than a direct measurement or a calculation based on direct
measurements at the original source within the product system (entry 3.2).
Note 1 to entry: Such sources can include databases, published literature, national inventories andother generic sources.
5.4
Uncertainty
Parameter associated with the result of quantification which characterizes the dispersion of thevalues that could be reasonably attributed to the quantified amount.
Note 1 to entry: Uncertainty information typically specifies quantitative estimates of the likely
dispersion of values, and a qualitative description of the likely causes of the dispersion.
32

JG-01-02[Source: ISO 14064-1:2006, 2.37]

6

Terms relating to biogenic material and land use

6.1
Biomass
Material of biological origin excluding material embedded in geological formations and materialtransformed to fossilized material.
Note 1 to entry: This includes organic material (both living and dead) (e.g. trees, crops, grasses,
tree litter, algae, animals, and waste of biological origin, e.g. manure).
6.2
Biogenic carbon
Carbon derived from biomass (entry 6.1).
6.3
Biogenic CO2
CO2 formed from the oxidation of biogenic carbon (entry 6.2).
6.4
Fossil carbon
Carbon which is contained in fossilized material.
Note 1 to entry: Examples of fossilized material are coal, oil and natural gas.
6.5
Direct land use change
dLUC
Change in human use or management of land at the location of the production, use or disposal of
raw materials (ISO 14050:2009, 6.12), intermediate products (ISO 14050:2009, 6.2.1) and final
products (entry 3.1) or wastes (ISO 14050:2009, 12) in the product system (entry 3.2) being
assessed.
6.6
Indirect land use change
iLUC
Change in the use or management of land which is a consequence of the production, use ordisposal of raw materials (ISO 14050:2009, 6.12), intermediate products (ISO 14050:2009, 6.2.1)
and final products (entry 3.1) or wastes (ISO 14050:2009, 12) in the product system (entry 3.2),
but which is not taking place at the location of the activities that cause the change.
33

JG-01-02
7

Terms relating to verification

7.1
Carbon-footprint-of-a-product verification
CFP verification
Confirmation of the validity of an environmental claim (ISO 14050:2009, 8.2) based on reliable
data, using predetermined specific criteria and procedures with assurance of data reliability.
[Source: ISO 14021:1999, 1.4, modified—the first preferred term designation has been changed
from "environmental claim verification" to the above term.]
7.2
Carbon-footprint-of-a-product verifier
CFP verifier
Competent person, body or team that carried out a CFP verification (entry 7.1).
[Source: ISO 14064-1:2006, 8, modified—changed term designation and definition to be specificto CFP verification and added reference to essential characteristic of the CFP verifier being
competent.]
7.3
Verification criteria
Policy, procedure or requirement used as a reference against which evidence is compared.
Note 1 to entry: Verification criteria may be established by governments, GHG programs (ISO14050:2009, 9.4.1), voluntary reporting initiatives, standards or good practice guidance.
[Source: ISO 14064-1:2006, 2.32, modified—Deleted reference to validation at the beginning of
the "Note 1 to entry".]34

JG-01-02

Supplement-2
This document specifies the terms and definitions used in the "EcoLeaf environmental label
program" (hereafter, "EcoLeaf program") operated and administered by the Japan Environmental
Management Association for Industry, with the omission of the terms already defined in
Supplement-1 (CFP) to avoid repetitions.
1

Terms relating to environmental labels

1.1
Type III environmental declaration
Environmental declaration providing quantified environment data using predetermined parameter
and, where relevant, additional environmental information.
[Source: JISQ14025:2008 Environmental labels and declarations—Type III environmental
declarations—Principles and procedures (H20,6,20)]
1.2
Environmental aspect
Element of an organization's activities or products that can interact with the environment.
[Source: JISQ14025:2008 Environmental labels and declarations—Type III environmental
declarations—Principles and procedures (H20,6,20)]
1.3Interested party
All parties affected by the Type III environmental label system.
[Source: JISQ14025:2008 Environmental labels and declarations—Type III environmental
declarations—Principles and procedures (H20,6,20)]
1.4
Consumer
Individual member of the general public purchasing or using goods, property or services for private
purposes.
[Source: JISQ14025:2008 Environmental labels and declarations—Type III environmental
declarations—Principles and procedures (H20,6,20)]
1.5
Third party
Individual or body that is recognized as being independent of the parties involved concerning theissues in question.

35

JG-01-02[Source: JISQ14025:2008 Environmental labels and declarations—Type III environmental
declarations—Principles and procedures (H20,6,20)]
1.6
Program operator
Body or bodies that conduct a Type III environmental declaration program.
[Source: JISQ14025:2008 Environmental labels and declarations—Type III environmental
declarations—Principles and procedures (H20,6,20)]
1.7
Certification
Procedure whereby a third party guarantees in writing that a product, process or accessory service
meets given requirements.
[Source: JISQ14024:2000 Environmental labels and declarations—Type I environmental label
display—Principles and procedures (H12,8,21)
1.8
Verification
Confirmation, through the provision of objective evidence, that the specified requirements havebeen fulfilled.
[Source: JISQ14025:2008 Environmental labels and declarations—Type III environmental
declarations—Principles and procedures (H20,6,20)]
1.9
Verifier
Person or body that carries out verification (verifier is spelled differently in JIS)
[Source: JISQ14025:2008 Environmental labels and declarations—Type III environmental
declarations—Principles and procedures (H20,6,20)]
1.10
Comparative assertion
Environmental claim regarding the superiority or equivalence of one product versus a competingproduct that performs the same function.
[Source: JISQ14025:2008 Environmental labels and declarations—Type III environmental
declarations—Principles and procedures (H20,6,20)]36