ᚑくᄢቇℂᎿቇ⎇ⓥႎ๔
J. Fac. Sci. Tech., Seikei Univ.
Vol.47 No.1 (2010) pp.7-13

ᬀᨋߦࠃࠆඨੇ῎Ⴎኂㄘ࿾ߩ᳓෼ᡰᡷༀലᨐߩᬌ⸛
⩲ᴧ ⑲᮸ 㧘Ⓑ⪲ ᐽ੺ 㧘ự㊁ ⵨ਯ 㧘㤥Ỉ ൎᒾ㧖㧘R.J. Harper㧖㧘ዊፉ ♿ᓼ㧖㧖㧖㧖

Water Balance Improvement by Afforestation for Farmland with Saline Problem in a Semi-arid Areain Western Australia.
Hideki SUGANUMA㧖, Kosuke INABA㧖, Hiroyuki HAMANO㧖,
Katsuhiko KUROSAWA㧖, R.J. Harper㧖, Toshinori KOJIMA㧖
ABSTRACT㧦In Western Australia, food production was gradually declined because of salinity problem.
This salinity caused by ascending ground water table, which was caused by conversion from forest tofarmland in wheat belt area over two centuries. To avoid salinity problem in this area, agro-forestry is
one of the choice for improving this situation. When agro-forestry will be applied, trees will beplanted in some part of farmland, and these trees will uptake ground water, which decline water table.
At the same time, these trees will stock carbons inside their body from atmospheric CO2.
So
agro-forestry is good method for countermeasure to salinity problem and green house effect, but no one
has criteria how large area will be converted to forest from farmland. Thus, in this study, based onwater balance analysis, we aimed to establish water balance estimation model for designingagro-forestry for farmland of Western Australia.
Keyword㧦afforestation, carbon sequestration, tree biomass, transpiration, water balance analysis(Received March 31, 2010)㧚✜ ⸒଻㓚ߩⷰὐ߆ࠄ㘩♳↢↥ߦ૶↪น⢻ߥ࿯࿾ߦᬀᨋߔࠆߎߣߪ໧㗴߇޽ࠆ‫ߡߞࠃޕ‬㧘᷷ᥦൻኻ╷ᬀᨋߪ㘩♳↢↥ߣ ࿾⃿᷷ᥦൻኻ╷ߣߒߡᗐቯߐࠇࠆኻ╷ߪᄢ߈ߊಽߌߡ┹วߒߥ޿࿾ၞߩ࿯࿾ࠍ೑↪ߒߚࠅ㧘ᣢߦ᡼᫈ߐࠇߚ࿯2 ߟ޽ࠅ㧘৻ߟߪᣂߚߥ᷷ቶലᨐࠟࠬߩ⊒↢ࠍᛥ߃ࠆᚻ࿾ࠍ೑↪ߒߚࠅߒߡ㧘୥⵬࿾ߩㆬቯࠍᘕ㊀ߦⴕࠊߥߊߡᴺ㧘߽߁৻ߟߪᄢ᳇ਛߩ᷷ቶലᨐࠟࠬࠍ࿁෼ߔࠆᚻᴺߢߪߥࠄߥ޿‫ޕ‬޽ࠆ‫ޕ‬೨⠪ߪΆᢱ㔚ᳰ߿ᄥ㓁శ⊒㔚ߥߤߢ޽ࠅ㧘ᓟ⠪ߪ ߘߎߢ㧘ᚒ‫ߪޘ‬ᬀᨋ୥⵬࿾ߣߒߡࠝ࡯ࠬ࠻࡜࡝ࠕᄢ㒽CCS㧔Carbon Capture and Storage㧕߿ᬀᨋߢ޽ࠆ‫ޕ‬ߦᵈ⋡ߒߚ‫ߪߢࠕ࡝࡜࠻ࠬ࡯ࠝޕ‬㧘࡛࡯ࡠ࠶ࡄੱߦࠃࠆ ᬀᨋߪ㧘㒽ၞߩᬀ‛ߦࠃߞߡᄢ᳇ਛߩ CO2 ࠍๆ෼ߒ㧘㐿ᜏᤨઍ߆ࠄ࡙࡯ࠞ࡝ߩේ↢ᨋ߇ಾࠅ㐿߆ࠇߡ㧘᭽‫ߥޘ‬࿕ቯߔࠆᣇᴺߢ޽ࠆ‫ߒߛߚޕ‬㧘UNFCCC ߦ߽ Leakage↥ᬺߦ೑↪ߐࠇߡ߈ߚ‫ߩߘޕ‬ਛߢ߽ㄘ࿾ㅧᚑߩߚ߼ߩ᫪ߣߒߡቯ߼ࠄࠇߡ޿ࠆࠃ߁ߦ㧘޿ߊࠄᬀᨋߦࠃߞߡߘߩᨋબណߪ㕖Ᏹߦᄢⷙᮨߢⴕࠊࠇ㧘⷏ࠝ࡯ࠬ࠻࡜࡝ࠕᎺߩ࿯࿾ߦ὇⚛߇࿕ቯߐࠇߡ޿ߡ߽㧘ᬀᨋᵴേߦ઻ߞߡઁߩWheat belt ߣ๭߫ࠇࠆ࿾Ꮺߪోߡߘߩࠃ߁ߥ࿯࿾ߢ޽ࠆ‫ޕ‬὇⚛ߩឃ಴Ḯߣߥࠆᵴേ߇⺃⊒ߐࠇߡߒ߹ߞߡߪᗧ๧߇ㄭᐕ㧘ߎߩ᫪ᨋࠍಾࠅ㐿޿ߚㄘ࿾ో૕ߢ࿾ਅ᳓૏ߩ਄᣹ή޿‫ߚ߹ޕ‬㧘᷷ᥦൻኻ╷ߩᬀᨋߣ޿߃ߤ߽㧘⃻Ბ㓏ߢߪ߇⏕⹺ߐࠇ㧘ߘߩ࿾ਅ᳓߇Ⴎಽࠍᄙߊ฽ࠎߢ޿ߚߚ߼㧘㘩♳↢↥ࠃࠅఝవߔࠆ੐㗄ߣߪ⠨߃߇ߚߊ㧘㘩♳቟ోႮኂߩⵍኂ߇ᐢ߇ࠅ㧘ㄘᬺ↢↥ߩૐਅ߇໧㗴ⷞߐࠇߡ޿

㧖ࠆ 2), 3)‫ߩߎޕ‬࿾ਅ᳓૏ߩ਄᣹ߦࠃࠆႮኂߩ᜛ᄢߪ㧘੹ᓟ1)㧦ᚑくᄢቇℂᎿቇㇱ ഥᢎ(h.suganuma.yf19.frx99@gmail.com)㧖㧦ᚑくᄢቇℂᎿቇㇱୃ჻ቇ↢߽ㅴⴕߔࠆߎߣ߇੍ᗐߐࠇߡ޿ࠆߚ߼㧘ᣧᦼߦኻ╷ࠍข㧖

㧦⑼ቇᛛⴚᝄ⥝ᯏ᭴ ⎇ⓥຬ

ࠆᔅⷐ߇޽ࠆ‫ޕ‬ᣢߦ⃻Ბ㓏ߢᄙߊߩㄘ࿾߇⠹૞᡼᫈࿾ߣ㧖㧦ᚑくᄢቇℂᎿቇㇱ ․೎౒ห⎇ⓥຬ
㧦Murdoch University ᢎ᝼㧖ߒߡሽ࿷ߒߡ޿ࠆ‫ޕ‬㧖 ⷏ࠝ࡯ࠬ࠻࡜࡝ࠕᎺߩ Wheat belt ࿾Ꮺߢߩ࿾ਅ᳓૏ߩ㧦ᚑくᄢቇℂᎿቇㇱ ᢎ᝼㧙㧙surface-groundwater [cm]0㒠㔎12⫳⊒ᢔ⴫㕙 ᵹ಴ᄤὼᨋ
W51
W52
W53 D-low site
W54

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࿾ߦߒߚ߶߁߇⦟޿߇㧘ㄘᬺ↢↥ߩ⛽ᜬߣ޿߁ⷰὐ߆ࠄߣ᮸ᧁߦࠃࠆ᳓૶↪߇ဋⴧߒߡ޿ߚ߇㧘બណߒߡㄘ࿾ߦߪ㧘ㄘ࿾߆ࠄᬀᨋ࿾߳ߩォ឵ࠍᦨዊ㒢ߦᛥ߃ߥߌࠇ߫ߥォ឵ߔࠆߎߣߦࠃߞߡ㧘ᬀ‛ߩ᳓૶↪㊂߇ᷫዋߒ㧘૛ߞࠄߥ޿‫ߪߦ߼ߚߩߘޕ‬㧘ㄘ࿾ߩォ឵㕙Ⓧߣ࿾ਅ᳓૏ૐਅߚ㔎᳓߇࿾ਅߦ⾂⇐ߐࠇߚߚ߼ߢ޽ࠆ‫ޕ‬ᣣᧄߩࠃ߁ߦᕆലᨐࠍ੐೨ߦᬌ⸛ߔࠆߚ߼ߦ᧚ᢱ߇ᔅⷐߣߥࠆ‫ޕ‬ፋߥ࿾ᒻߢߪ࿾ਅ᳓ߪ௑ᢳߦᴪߞߡᵹࠇ෰ߞߡ޿ߊ߇㧘 ߘߎߢᚒ‫⎇ߩޘ‬ⓥࠣ࡞࡯ࡊߢߪ㧘ㄘ࿾ߩォ឵㕙Ⓧߣ࿾ฎᄢ㒽ߢ⿠ફߦਲߒ޿ࠝ࡯ࠬ࠻࡜࡝ࠕߢߪ࿾ਅ᳓ߩ⒖േਅ᳓૏ૐਅലᨐߩࡃ࡜ࡦࠬࠍᬌ⸛ߔࠆߚ߼ߩ᳓෼ᡰࠪࡒߪዋߥߊߘߩ࿯࿾ߦᱷ⇐ߔࠆ‫ߡߞࠃޕ‬㧘࿾ਅ᳓૏਄᣹ࠍࡘ࡟࡯࠻ࡕ࠺࡞ߩ᭴▽߇ᔅⷐߣ⠨߃ߚ‫⚻ߪߢ⁁⃻ޕ‬㛎⊛㒐ߋߚ߼ߦߪ㧘ߘߩ࿯࿾ߩ࿾ਅ᳓ࠍឃ಴ߔࠆᔅⷐ߇޽ࠆ‫ޕ‬ߥផቯߢᬀᨋ࿾㕙Ⓧࠍ੍ᗐߐࠇࠆߚ߼㧘ਇ⏕ቯⷐ⚛߇㕖 ૛೾࿾ਅ᳓ࠍឃ಴ߔࠆᚻᲑߩ 1 ߟߣߒߡ㧘ᬀᨋ߇᜼ߍᏱߦᄙ޿‫ߒ߆ߒޕ‬㧘ߎߩࠪࡒࡘ࡟࡯࠻ࡕ࠺࡞ࠍ↪޿ߡ੐4)‫ߪࠇߎޕ‬㧘ㄘ࿾ߩ৻ㇱ߿⠹૞᡼᫈࿾ࠍᬀᨋ࿾ߦ೨ᬌ⸛ߔࠆߎߣߦࠃߞߡㄘ࿾ߩᬀᨋ࿾ォ឵ࠍߔࠆ㓙ߦ㧘ߔࠆߎߣߦࠃߞߡ㧘᮸ᧁ߇࿾ਅߦᒛࠅᎼࠄߒߚᩮ߆ࠄ࿾

ࠃࠅዋߥ޿㕙Ⓧߢ࿾ਅ᳓૏ૐਅࠍᚑߒㆀߍࠆߣ౒ߦ㧘ߘਅ᳓ࠍๆ޿਄ߍߡ⪲߆ࠄ⫳ᢔߐߖࠆ‫ߩߎޕ‬᮸ᧁߦࠃࠆ⫳ߩዋߥ޿㕙Ⓧߩਛߢᦨᄢߩ὇⚛࿕ቯ㊂ࠍᓧࠆߎߣ߇น⢻ᢔ㊂ߪㄘ૞‛ߦࠃࠆ⫳ᢔ㊂ࠃࠅᄙ޿ߚ߼㧘㒠㔎ߦࠃࠆ᳓ߦߥࠆߣ⠨߃ࠆ‫ޕ‬ଏ⛎ࠃࠅ᮸ᧁߣㄘ૞‛ߦࠃࠆ᳓૶↪㊂߇ᄙߊߥࠆߎߣߦ ᧄ⎇ⓥߢߪ㧘߹ߕߘߩࡊࡠ࠻࠲ࠗࡊߣߒߡ㧘Ⴎኂኻ╷ࠃߞߡ㧘࿾ਅ᳓߇ૐਅߔࠆ‫৻ޕ‬ᐲ࿾ਅ᳓߇޽ࠆ৻ቯ᳓૏

ᬀᨋߩ᳓෼ᡰࠍ Fig. 2 ߩࠃ߁ߥⷐ⚛ߦಽߌ㧘⃻࿷ߩኻ⽎ࠄࠇࠆએਅߦૐਅߔࠇ߫㧘Ⴎኂߩෂ㒾ᕈߪ࿁ㆱߢ߈ࠆߚ߼㧘᦭࿾ 4)ߦߡᓧߚ᷹ⷰ࠺࡯࠲ࠍ↪޿ߡ㧘࿾ਅ᳓૏ૐਅ߇᷹ⷰ

ലߥᚻᲑߣ੍ᗐߐࠇߡ޿ࠆ‫ޕ‬ߐࠇߚ⁁ᘒߩ᳓෼ᡰࠍ⸘▚ߒߚ‫੹ޕ‬࿁ߪߘߩ⚿ᨐࠍႎ๔ 2001 ᐕࠃࠅ The Forest Product Commission㧔FPC㧕߇ਛߔࠆ‫ޕ‬ᔃ ߣߥߞߡ⷏ࠝ࡯ ࠬ ࠻ ࡜ ࡝ࠕ ߩ Ⴎ ኂ ࿾ ၞ㧔 Wickepin:117˚40′E, 32˚44′S㧕ߢᬀᨋታ㛎ࠍ㐿ᆎߒߚ‫ߩߎߎޕ‬ᬀᨋߪ㧘㧞㧚⸃ᨆᚻᴺࠕࠣࡠࡈࠜ࡟ࠬ࠻࡝࡯ߣ޿ߞߡ㧘ㄘ࿾ߩోߡࠍᬀᨋ࿾ߦォ឵ߔࠆߩߢߪߥߊ㧘ㄘ࿾ߩ৻ㇱࠍᬀᨋ࿾ߦォ឵ߒߡ㧘 ኻ⽎࿾᭎ⷐㄘᬺ↢↥ࠍᜬ⛯ߐߖࠆࠃ߁ߦ᮸ᧁࠍᬀ߃ࠆᣇᴺߢ޽ࠆ‫ޕ‬ ᧄ⎇ⓥߢߪ㧘ඨੇ῎࿾ߢ޽ࠆ Western Australia㧔WA㧕ߎߩᬀᨋߦࠃߞߡ Fig. 1 ߦ␜ߔࠃ߁ߦ㧘ᬀᨋᓟ 7㨪8 ᐕ⋡

ߩ Wickepin ㄭ㇠ߩ Martin ㄘ႐㧔117˚40′E, 32˚44′S㧕ౝߩߢ࿾ਅ᳓ߩૐਅ߇᷹ⷰߐࠇߚ‫ࠅࠃߦࠇߎޕ‬㧘Ⴎኂߦࠃߞ┨ᵹၞࠍ⺞ᩏࠨࠗ࠻ߣߒߚ‫ޕ‬Fig. 3 ߦ␜ߐࠇࠆࠃ߁ߦ㧘ߡ෼ⓠ߇ૐਅߒߚࠅ᡼᫈ߐࠇߚࠅߒߚㄘ࿾ߦᬀᨋࠍታᣉ

࿑ਛߩ⊕޿ඨㅘ᣿ߩ㗔ၞ߇㧘╬㜞✢࿑߆ࠄ್೎ߒߚㄘ႐

ߔࠇ߫㧘ㄘᬺ↢↥ૐਅߩ࿁ㆱߣหᤨߦ㧘ᬀᨋߦࠃࠆ὇⚛

ౝߩዊᵹၞߢ޽ࠅ㧘79.1 ha ޽ࠆ‫ߩߎޕ‬ᵹၞౝߢ㧘ᬀᨋ࿾ߩ࿕ቯ߇㆐ᚑน⢻ߢ޽ࠆ‫ࠕ࡝࡜࠻ࠬ࡯ࠝ⷏ߡߞࠃޕ‬Ꮊߩ
Wheat belt ࿾Ꮺߢߪ㧘Ⴎኂߩᓇ㗀ࠍฃߌߡ޿ࠆㄘ࿾ࠍᬀᨋኻ⽎࿾ߣߒߡ᦭ലߦ೑↪ߢ߈ࠆߣ⠨߃ߚ‫ޕ‬

߇ 17.1 ha㧘ᄤὼᨋ߇ 11.4 ha㧘⵻࿾߇ 2.6 ha㧘ㄘ࿾߇ 48.0ha ߢ޽ߞߚ‫ޕ‬ Wickepin ߩᐕᐔဋ㒠᳓㊂ߪ⚂ 320 mm/year㧘ᐕ㑆น⢻ ߚߛߒ㧘᡼᫈ㄘ࿾ࠍ૶↪ߔࠆ႐วߪ໧㗴߇ή޿߇㧘⃻⫳⊒ᢔ㊂ߪ⚂ 2600 mm/year ߢ޽ࠆ‫ࠕ࡝࡜࠻ࠬ࡯ࠝ⷏ޕ‬ධ࿷⢻ജߪૐਅߒߡ޿ࠆ߇૞‛ߩ↢↥ߢ߈ࠆ࿯࿾ࠍㄘ࿾ߦ⷏ㇱߪ㧘౻ቄᄙ㔎ဳߢᄐߪᣣߑߒ߇ᒝߊ㧘น⢻⫳⊒ᢔ㊂㧙㧙㪫㪸㪹㫃㪼㩷㪈㪅㩷㪚㫆㪼㪽㪽㫀㪺㫀㪼㫅㫋㩷㫆㪽㩷㫉㪼㪾㫉㪼㫊㫊㫀㫆㫅㩷㫃㫀㫊㫋㩷㪽㫆㫉㩷㪸㫃㫃㫆㫄㪼㫋㫉㫀㪺㩷㪼㫈㫌㪸㫋㫀㫆㫅㩷㫆㪽㩷㪜㫌㪺㪸㫃㫐㫇㫋㫌㫊㩷㪾㫃㫆㪹㫌㫃㫌㫊㪅㩷㪺㫆㪼㪽㪽㫀㪺㫀㪼㫅㫋㩷㫆㪽㫉㪼㪾㫉㪼㫊㫊㫀㫆㫅㪪㫋㪼㫄㪙㫉㪸㫅㪺㪿㪼㫊㪣㪼㪸㫍㪼㫊㪙㪸㫉㫂㪸㪹㪺㪉㪅㪐㪏㪌㪌㪅㪎㪐㪋㪋㪅㪋㪍㪌㪉㪅㪊㪋㪏㪈㪅㪐㪋㪊㪉㪅㪈㪌㪏㪉㪅㪏㪌㪍㪈㪅㪋㪏㪎㪇㪅㪐㪋㪎㪄㪇㪅㪏㪏㪈㪄㪈㪅㪈㪈㪐㪇㪅㪍㪐㪉ࠄࠇߚ⚻㛎୯ߢ޽ࠅ㧘a = 0.204㧘b = 2.15 ߢ޽ࠆ 6)‫ޕ‬W ߪ㪝㫀㪾㪅㩷㪊㪅㩷㪪㫄㪸㫃㫃㩷㫎㪸㫋㪼㫉㫊㪿㪼㪻㩷㪽㫆㫉㩷㫋㪿㪼㩷㫎㪸㫋㪼㫉㩷㪹㪸㫃㪸㫅㪺㪼㩷㪸㫅㪸㫐㫃㫊㫀㫊㪅㩷᮸ᧁߩੇ῎㊀㊂㨇g㨉D ߪ࿾਄㜞 1.3 m ߩ᮸ᧁߩᐙߩ๟࿐߆ࠄ߽ࠊ߆ࠆࠃ߁ߦ㕖Ᏹߦੇ῎ߔࠆ᳇୥ߢ޽ࠆ‫ޕ‬ㄭᐕߎߩ๟ㄝߩㄘ႐ߢ߽㧘Short and McConnell ߩផቯߩࠃ߁ߦ㧘2)࿾ਅ᳓਄᣹ߦࠃࠆႮኂ࡮Ḗ᳓ኂߩⵍኂ߇᜛ᄢߒߡ޿ࠆ‫ޕ‬ Martin ㄘ႐ߢߪ㧘3 ࿛ᑼㄘᬺࠍណ↪ߒߡ߅ࠅ㧘ㄘ࿾ࠍ

㐳㨇cm㨉ߢ޽ࠆ‫⚿▚⸘ߩߎޕ‬ᨐߪ᮸ᧁ 1 ᧄߩߺߩ࠺࡯࠲ߢ޽ࠆߚ߼㧘ోߡߩ᮸ᧁߩ⸘▚⚿ᨐߩ✚⸘߇඙↹ߩࡃࠗ
ࠝࡑࠬ㊂ߦߥࠆ‫ޕ‬ᰴߦ E. globulus ߪ lnY = a + blnX1 + clnX2            (2)ⶄᢙߩ඙↹ߦಽߌ㧘ߘࠇߙࠇߩ඙↹ߢዊ㤈ᩱၭ㧘⩿⒳ᩱ

ߢ⴫ߐࠇࠆ‫ߢߎߎޕ‬㧘a ߣ b ߣ c ߪ࿁Ꮻଥᢙߢታ᷹୯߆ၭ㧘⟠ߩ᡼’ࠍ੤ઍߢታᣉߒߡ޿ࠆ‫ޕ‬ᬀᨋ඙↹ߢߪࠄᓧࠄࠇߚ⚻㛎୯ߢ޽ࠅ㧘᮸ᧁߩེቭߏߣ㧔ᐙ㧘ᨑ㧘᮸Sochacki and Harper ߦࠃࠆߣ㧘ᬀᨋ㑆㓒 33 m ߢ Pinus⊹㧘⪲㧕ߦ Table 1 ߩࠃ߁ߦ᳞߼ࠄࠇߡ޿ࠆ 7)‫ޕ‬ߩ 4 ᮸⒳ࠍਛᔃߦᬀᨋࠍⴕߞߡ޿ࠆ‫ ߦઁߩߘޕ‬Casuarina

1.3 m ߩ᮸ᧁߩᐙߩ๟࿐㐳㨇m㨉㧘X2 ߪ᮸㜞㨇m㨉ߢ޽ࠅ㧘ߥߤ߇ᬀᨋߐࠇߡ޿ࠆ߇㧘㕙Ⓧ߇ዊߐߊ߶ߣࠎߤߩᬀᨋ

ߢ߈ࠆߣ⸥タߐࠇߡ޿ࠆ‫ޕ‬ኻ⽎࿾ߪ 1111 ha-1 ߢ޽ࠆߩߢ5)

radiata㧘Eucalyptus sargentii㧘E. globulus㧘E. occidentalis
obesa㧘Acacia saligna㧘E. loxophleba㧘E. rudis㧘E. wandoo

Y ߪන૏㕙Ⓧᒰߚࠅߩࡃࠗࠝࡑࠬ㊂㨇t ha-1㨉X1 ߪ࿾਄㜞

1 ha ޽ߚࠅߩ┙ᧁኒᐲ߇ 430́1250 ߩ▸࿐ߩ᫪ᨋߦㆡ↪

ᧁ߇਄⸥ 4 ᮸⒳ߢ޽ࠆ‫ ߦ․ޕ‬P. radiata ߇৻⇟ᄙ޿‫ࠇߎޕ‬లಽߦㆡ↪▸࿐ౝߢ޽ࠆ‫ེޕ‬ቭߏߣߦ᳞߼ࠄࠇߚࡃࠗࠝࠄߩ᮸⒳ߪ☼࿯⾰ߩ࿯ფࠍᷓߊជࠅ⿠ߎߔ࡝࠶ࡇࡦࠣߣ

ࡑࠬ㊂ࠍട▚ߒߡ඙↹ో૕ߩࡃࠗࠝࡑࠬࠍ⸘▚ߒߚ‫ߥޕ‬޿߁ᣉᎿࠍᣉߐࠇߡᬀᨋߐࠇߡ޿ࠆ‫ޕ‬߅㧘ߎࠇߪ 1 ᧄߩ࠺࡯࠲ߢ඙↹ో૕ߩࡃࠗࠝࡑࠬ߇᳞߹ߞߡߒ߹߁ߚ߼㧘ᧄ⎇ⓥߢߪోߡߩᧁߦߡห᭽ߩ⸘▚ࠍ ὇⚛࿕ቯ㊂⸘▚ߒ㧘⸘▚ߐࠇߚ඙↹ࡃࠗࠝࡑࠬߩᐔဋ୯ࠍ↪޿ߚ‫ޕ‬ ᬀᨋᧁߩ὇⚛࿕ቯ㊂ࠍ⸘▚ߔࠆߚ߼ߦએਅߩᚻᴺࠍណ

 D-Low ߅ࠃ߮ D-high ߩ඙↹ߩࡃࠗࠝࡑࠬ࠺࡯࠲ࠍઁ

↪ߒߚ‫ోޕ‬ᬀᨋᧁߩࠨࠗ࠭ࠍ⸘᷹ߒߡ὇⚛࿕ቯ㊂ࠍផቯߩᬀᨋ඙↹ߦᒰߡߪ߼ࠆߎߣߦࠃߞߡ㧘ᬀᨋ࿾ో૕ߩ὇ߔࠆߩߪ㕖Ᏹߦഭ௛㓸⚂⊛ߥ૞ᬺߣߥࠆߩߢ㧘޽ࠆ․ቯ

⚛࿕ቯ㊂ࠍ⸘▚ߒߚ‫߅ߥޕ‬㧘᮸ᧁߦࠃࠆ὇⚛࿕ቯ㊂ߪ㧘ߩ඙↹ࠍࠨࡦࡊ࡞඙↹ߣߒߡ⸘᷹ߒ㧘ߘߩ୯ࠍઍ⴫୯ߣ

⚻㛎⊛ߦੇ῎㊀㊂㧔ࡃࠗࠝࡑࠬ㧕ߩඨಽߣߐࠇߡ޿ࠆ 8), 9)‫ޕ‬ߒߡઁߩ඙↹ߦᒰߡߪ߼ࠆᚻᴺࠍߣߞߚ‫࡞ࡊࡦࠨޕ‬඙↹ߪ㧘D-Low ߅ࠃ߮ D-high ߣฬߠߌࠄࠇߚ඙↹ߢ޽ࠆ‫ߎޕ‬ߩ඙↹ౝߩ᮸ᧁࠨࠗ࠭ࠍ⸘᷹ߒߡ㧘ࡃࠗࠝࡑࠬ㊂ࠍផቯߒ὇⚛࿕ቯ㊂ߦ឵▚ߒߚ‫࡞ࡊࡦࠨߩߎޕ‬඙↹ߪ೨ㅀߒߚ
ਥߥ 4 ᮸⒳ߢ޽ࠆ߇㧘୘૕ࠨࠗ࠭߆ࠄࡃࠗࠝࡑࠬ㊂ࠍផቯߔࠆࠕࡠࡔ࠻࡝࡯ᑼ߇㧘ᐕᐔဋ㒠᳓㊂ 300 mm ೨ᓟߩ࿾ၞߢႎ๔ߐࠇߡ޿ࠆߩ߇ Pinus radiata ߣ E. globulus ߩߺߢ޽ߞߚߚ߼㧘E. globulus ߩࠕࡠࡔ࠻࡝࡯ࠍઁߩ 2 ⒳ ᳓෼ᡰ⸃ᨆ
 Fig. 2 ߦ␜ߒߚࠃ߁ߦ㧘ᧄ⎇ⓥߢߪᵹၞౝߩ᳓⒖േࠍ11 ߩⷐ⚛ߦಽ⸃ߒߚ‫ߒߛߚޕ‬㧘ߎߩਛߢ⴫㕙ᵹᄬߪ㧘ኻ⽎࿾ౝߩࠪ࡝ࡦ࠳࡯ࠗࡦ࠹࡯ࠢ࡟࡯࠻⹜㛎⚿ᨐߦࠃࠅ㧘࿯ფਛ߳ߩ᳓ߩᶐㅘㅦᐲ߇ 0.05 㨪0.4 mm s-1 ߢ޽ߞߚߚ

߼㧘1 ᤨ㑆޽ߚࠅᢙ mm ߩ㒠㔎ߢߪోߡᶐㅘߒߡߒ߹߁
ߎߣ߇ࠊ߆ߞߚ‫ޕ‬㒠㔎ᒝᐲߩ㜞޿⽕㔎ߩ႐วߦߪᶐㅘߒߩ࡙࡯ࠞ࡝ߦᒰߡߪ߼ߚ‫ޕ‬ߥ޿᳓߇ሽ࿷ߔࠆ߇㧘ㅢᏱߪ⊒↢ߒߥ޿ߎߣ߇੍ᗐߐࠇ

 P. radiata ߣ E. globulus ߩࡃࠗࠝࡑࠬផቯᑼ㧔ࠕࡠࡔ࠻ߚ‫ߡߞࠃޕ‬㧘⴫㕙ᵹ಴ߩ㗄⋡ߪᓸዊ㊂ߣߒߡᬌ⸛㗄⋡߆࡝࡯ᑼ㧕ߪએਅߩߣ߅ࠅߢ޽ࠆ‫ ߕ߹ޕ‬P. radiata ߪ W = aD                   (1)bߢ⴫ߐࠇࠆ‫ߢߎߎޕ‬㧘a ߣ b ߪ࿁Ꮻଥᢙߢታ᷹୯߆ࠄᓧࠄ㒰ᄖߒߚ‫ߚ߹ޕ‬㧘࿾ਅ᳓ߩᵹ಴߽⿠ફߦਲߒ޿࿯࿾ߢ
޽ࠆߚ߼㧘ߎߜࠄ߽ᓸዊ㊂ߣߒߡ㒰ᄖߒߚ‫߅ߥޕ‬㧘ߎߩࠃ߁ߦᓸዊ㊂ߣߒߡ⴫㕙ᵹ಴ߣ࿾ਅ᳓ᵹ಴ࠍήⷞߔࠆߣ㧘㧙㧙㋦⋥ᣇะߩ 1 ᰴరߢኻ⽎ᵹၞౝߩ᳓⒖േࠍ⴫⃻ߢ߈ࠆ‫ޕ‬㪫㪸㪹㫃㪼㩷㪉㪅㩷㪙㫀㫆㫄㪸㫊㫊㩷㪼㫊㫋㫀㫄㪸㫋㫀㫆㫅㩷㫉㪼㫊㫌㫃㫋㫊㩷㫀㫅㩷㪸㪽㪽㫆㫉㪼㫊㫋㪸㫋㫀㫆㫅㩷㫊㫀㫋㪼㫊㪅㩷ߟ߹ࠅ㧘㋦⋥਄ะ߈ࠍࡊ࡜ࠬߣߣߞߚ႐ว㧘ߘࠇߙࠇߩ
Site᳓෼ᡰߩว⸘߇ࡊ࡜ࠬߥࠄ࿾ਅ᳓૏߇ਅ߇ࠅ㧘ࡑࠗ࠽ࠬߥࠄ࿾ਅ᳓૏߇਄߇ࠆߣ޿߁㑐ଥߦߥߞߡ޿ࠆ‫ޕ‬એ਄ࠃDHࠅ㧘9 ߩⷐ⚛ߩ᳓⒖േ㊂ࠍᧄ⎇ⓥߢߪᬌ⸛ߒ㧘㋦⋥ᣇะDLߩ᳓෼ᡰ߇ࡊ࡜ࠬ߆ࡑࠗ࠽ࠬ߆ࠍ⹏ଔߒߚ‫ޕ‬ ߹ߕ 1 ߟ⋡ߩⷐ⚛ߢ޽ࠆ㒠㔎࠺࡯࠲ߪ Department ofAgriculture and Food㧔http://www.agric.wa. gov.au/HOME.㧕

Species name

Total biomass

Surviral ratio

39.5
22.5

91.9
100.0

17.0
18.7
19.7

52.6
96.9
87.7

E. globulus
E. occidentalis
E. globulus
E. occidentalis
P. radiata-1[t ha ][%]

ߩ Wickepin Station㧔117˚28′E㧘32˚32′S㧕ߩ 1998-2009 ᐕ߹ࠆߣ઒ቯߒߡ⸘▚ࠍⴕߞߚ‫ߚ߹ޕ‬㧘਄⸥ 4 ᮸⒳એᄖߩ

ߦขᓧߐࠇߚ࠺࡯࠲ߩᐔဋ୯ࠍ↪޿ߚ‫ޕ‬ᬀᨋ඙↹ߪ㧘߶߷ోߡ࡙࡯ࠞ࡝ߢ޽ࠆߩߢ㧘࡙࡯ࠞ࡝ߩ ᰴߦ 4 ߟ޽ࠆ⫳ᢔ࠺࡯࠲ߪ㧘ⷐ⚛ߏߣߦ⇣ߥࠆ⸘▚ࠍ

3 ᮸⒳ߩᐔဋ୯ࠍ↪޿ߡઍ↪ߒߚ‫ޕ‬᷹ߐࠇߚ⵻࿾ߩน⢻⫳⊒ᢔ㊂ߩ࠺࡯࠲ߩ 1998-2009 ᐕߩߩ ᮸ ⒳ ߩ ⸘ ᷹ ⚿ ᨐ ߇ ሽ ࿷ ߒ ߥ ޿ ߚ ߼ 㧘 ᡆ ૃ ⊛ ߦ E.

ⴕߞߚ‫⵻ߕ߹ޕ‬࿾ߢ޽ࠆ߇㧘਄ㅀߩ Wickepin Station ߢⷰ ᰴߦᄤὼᨋߩ⫳ᢔߪ E. sargentii ߩᭂ⋧ᨋߢ޽ࠆ߇㧘ߎᐔဋ୯㧔1877.1 mm/year㧕ࠍ↪޿ߚ‫ߒߛߚޕ‬น⢻⫳⊒ᢔ

globulus ߩ୯ߢઍ↪ߒߚ‫ޕ‬㊂ߪ⫳⊒ᢔ㊂ߩࡐ࠹ࡦࠪࡖ࡞୯ߢ޽ࠆߚ߼㧘ታ㓙ߩ୯ߪ ᦨᓟߦ࿾ਅߩᶐㅘ㊂ߢ޽ࠆ߇㧘ߎࠇߪ㒠㔎߆ࠄߘࠇߙ

ߎߎ߹ߢᄢ߈ߊߥ޿‫ߒ߆ߒޕ‬ታ᷹࠺࡯࠲߇ሽ࿷ߒߥ޿ߚ

ࠇߩ࿯࿾߆ࠄ⫳ᢔ㊂ࠍᒁ޿ߚ୯߇ోߡᶐㅘߦ૶ࠊࠇࠆߣ

߼੹࿁ߪߎߩ࠺࡯࠲ߢઍ↪ߒߚ‫ޕ‬ߺߥߒߚ‫ޕ‬ ᰴߦㄘ࿾ߩ⫳⊒ᢔ㊂ߢ޽ࠆ߇㧘ߎࠇߪኻ⽎࿾ߩዊ㤈ߩ એ਄ߩ⸘▚ߦࠃߞߡ㧘ኻ⽎ᵹၞౝߩ᳓෼ᡰ߇ࡊ࡜ࠬߢ

㨇kg ha mm 㨉߆෼㊂㨇kg ha 㨉ߣ᳓೑↪ല₸㧔WUE㧕

޽ࠆ߆ࡑࠗ࠽ࠬߢ޽ࠆ߆ࠍᬌ⸛ߔࠆߣ౒ߦ㧘ߘߩ⚿ᨐ߆ࠄ⸘▚ߒߚ‫ޕ‬Martin ㄘ႐ߩㄘᬺਥࠃࠅ㧘⃻࿾ߩዊ㤈ߩᐔ

ࠄߤߩ᮸⒳ࠍᬀ߃ࠆߩ߇ലᨐ⊛߆ࠍ⠨ኤߒߚ‫ޕ‬-1-1

ဋ෼㊂ߪ 1900 kg ha 㧘Anderson and Garlinge-110)-1

ࠃࠅ WUE= 7.3 kg ha mm ߢ޽ߞߚ‫ߩߎޕ‬୯߆ࠄ 1 ha ޽ߚࠅߩ᳓㧟㧚⚿ᨐߣ⠨ኤ૶↪㊂ࠍ᳞߼㧘ߐࠄߦ⠹૞㕙Ⓧࠍ߆ߌࠆߎߣߦࠃߞߡ㧘ㄘ࿾ߩ⫳⊒ᢔ㊂ࠍផቯߒߚ‫ޕ‬ ᮸ᧁߦࠃࠆ὇⚛࿕ቯ㊂ ᰴߦᬀᨋ࿾ߩ⫳⊒ᢔ㊂ߪᬀᨋ᮸ᧁ 4 ᮸⒳㧔Pinus radiata㧘 D-Low ߅ࠃ߮ D-high ߩ඙↹ߩࡃࠗࠝࡑࠬ࠺࡯࠲ߣ↢-1-1

Eucalyptus sargentii㧘E. globulus㧘E. occidentalis㧕ߦ TPD

㧔Thermal Dissipation Probe㧕࠮ࡦࠨ࡯ࠍ⸳⟎ߒ㧘ߘߩ࠺

࡯࠲ࠍ Granier ᴺ11), 12)ሽ₸߇ Table 2 ߩࠃ߁ߦ᳞߼ࠄࠇߚ‫߅ߥޕ‬㧘E. sargentii
ߩ᷹ቯ࠺࡯࠲߇᣿ࠄ߆ߦ⇣Ᏹ୯ࠍ␜ߒߚߚ߼㧘⴫߆ࠄߪ㒰ᄖߒߚ‫ࠅࠃ⴫ߩߎޕ‬㧘E. globulus ߪႮኂߩᓇ㗀ߩ߶ߣߦࠃߞߡ⸃ᨆߒߡ᮸ᧁන૕ߩ⫳ᢔ㊂ࠍផቯߒߚ‫߅ߥޕ‬㧘ߘࠇߙࠇߩ᮸⒳ߪ 3 ᧄߕߟ࠮ࡦࠨ

ࠎߤߥ޿ D-high ߩ඙↹ߢߪ㕖Ᏹߦ⦟޿↢ሽ₸ߣࡃࠗࠝࡑࠬ㊂ࠍ␜ߒߚ‫ߒ߆ߒޕ‬Ⴎኂߩᓇ㗀߇޽ࠆ D-Low ඙↹ߢ࡯ࠍ⸳⟎ߒߚߩߢ㧘⸃ᨆ⚿ᨐߦߪߘߩᐔဋ୯ࠍ↪޿ߚ‫ޕ‬߹ߚ㧘ᧄ⎇ⓥߦߪ࠮ࡦࠨ࡯ߩ⸘᷹࠺࡯࠲ߪ 2006 ᐕߩ 1ߪ, ↢ሽ₸߇⚂ 50%ߦૐਅߒߡ㕖Ᏹߦࡃࠗࠝࡑࠬ㊂߇ዋᐕ㑆ಽߩ࠺࡯࠲ߩߺ↪޿ߚ‫ޕ‬Granier ᴺߪ TDP ࠮ࡦࠨ࡯ߥߊߥߞߚ‫ߦࠇߘޕ‬ኻߒߡ E. occidentalis ߪ↢ሽ₸߇߶ߣߩ୯߆ࠄએਅߩᑼࠍ↪޿ߡ᮸ᧁߩᐙࠍᵹࠇࠆ᳓㧔᮸ᶧᵹ㧕ࠎߤૐਅߒߥ߆ߞߚߚ߼㧘᮸ᧁ 1 ᧄ޽ߚࠅߩࡃࠗࠝࡑࠬߪዊߐߊߣ߽඙↹ߩࡃࠗࠝࡑࠬߪ E. globulus ࠃࠅ߽਄࿁ߩ㊂ࠍផቯߔࠆᚻᴺߢ޽ࠅ㧘࠮ࡦࠨ࡯ߪߘߩ᮸ᶧᵹߦࠃ

ߞߚ‫ߚ߹ޕ‬㧘P. radiata ߪ D-Low ඙↹ߩߺߢߒ߆⸘᷹ߐ

ߞߡ៊ᄬߔࠆᾲ㊂ࠍ⸘᷹ߒߡ޿ࠆ‫ޕ‬
 K = [∆Tmax - ∆T(u)] / ∆T(u)          (3)ࠇߡ޿ߥ޿߇㧘ߎߜࠄ߽㜞޿↢ሽ₸ߢ޽ߞߚߚ߼㧘E.

 F = u×SA                  (5) એ਄ߩߎߣ߆ࠄ㧘὇⚛࿕ቯߩⷰὐ߆ࠄߪ㧘Ⴎኂߩᓇ㗀 u = 1.19×10 K-41.231

              (4)occidentalis ߣห᭽ߩ௑ะ߇޽ࠆߣ੍ᗐߐࠇࠆ‫ޕ‬ߎߎߢ㧘K ߪ ∆Tmax ߅ࠃ߮ ∆T(u)߆ࠄ᳿߹ࠆࡄ࡜ࡔ࡯࠲‫ޕ‬ߩዋߥ޿࿾ၞࠍㄘ࿾߆ࠄᬀᨋ࿾߳ォ឵ߔࠆ႐วߪ E.

ߪ᮸ᶧᵹㅦ u㨇m s-1㨉ߩᤨߩ᷷ᐲᏅ㨇K㨉㧘SA ߪᐙߩਛߢ࿾߆ࠄᬀᨋ࿾߳ォ឵ߔࠆ႐วߦߪ㧘E. occidentalis ߿ P.

∆Tmax ߪ᮸ᶧᵹ 0 ߩᤨߩ࠮ࡦࠨ࡯ߩ᷷ᐲᏅ㨇K㨉㧘∆T(u)

᮸ᶧᵹߩㅢࠆㇱಽߩᢿ㕙Ⓧ㨇m 㨉
㧘F ߪ᮸ᶧᵹ㊂㨇m s 㨉
23 -1

globulus ߇ఝࠇࠆ߇㧘Ⴎኂߩᓇ㗀ࠍฃߌߡ޿ࠆ࿾ၞࠍㄘradiata ߇ㆡಾߛߣ⠨߃ࠄࠇߚ‫ߚ߹ޕ‬㧘E. sargentii ߪႮኂߢ޽ࠆ‫ޕ‬Granier ᴺߪ⚻㛎ೣߢ޽ࠆߚ߼㧘ኻ⽎ߩ᮸ᧁߢߎ

ߦᒝ޿᮸⒳ߛߣߐࠇߡ߅ࠅ 13)㧘⃻࿾ߦర‫↢ޘ‬ሽߒߡ޿ࠆ

ߩࡄ࡜ࡔ࡯࠲ߢࠃ޿߆ߤ߁߆♖ኒߦᬌ⸛ߐࠇߡ޿ߥ޿߇㧘

᮸⒳ߢ޽ࠆߎߣ߆ࠄ㧘࠺࡯࠲ࠍౣᬌ⸛߽ߒߊߪౣขᓧߔ

ᧄ⎇ⓥߢߪᣢႎࠍరߦ⚻㛎ೣ߇ኻ⽎ߩ 4 ᮸⒳ߦ߽ᒰߡߪ

ࠆߎߣߦࠃߞߡ㧘E. occidentalis ߿ P. radiata ࠃࠅㆡಾߥ㧙㧙㪫㪸㪹㫃㪼㩷 㪊㪅㩷 㪜㫍㪸㫇㫆㫉㪸㫋㫀㫆㫅㩷 㪸㫄㫆㫌㫅㫋㩷 㪼㫊㫋㫀㫄㪸㫋㫀㫆㫅㩷 㫉㪼㫊㫌㫃㫋㫊㩷 㫆㪽㩷 㫇㫃㪸㫅㫋㪼㪻㩷㪫㪸㪹㫃㪼㩷㪋㪅㩷㪩㪼㫊㫌㫃㫋㫊㩷㫆㪽㩷㫎㪸㫋㪼㫉㩷㪹㪸㫃㪸㫅㪺㪼㩷㪸㫅㪸㫃㫐㫊㫀㫊㪅㩷㫋㫉㪼㪼㫊㪅㩷

Average[dm3 day-1 tree-1]
Total[m3 year-1 tree-1]
3×3 spacing[m year-1]

P. radiata

8.24

Evaporation amountE. sargentii
E. globulus

13.1

7.41

㕙Ⓧ[ha]

E. occidentalis

ᬀᨋ࿾

12.1

ᄤὼᨋ
⵻࿾

3.01

4.77

2.70

4.43

ㄘ࿾䋨ዊ㤈䋩ኻ⽎ᵹၞో૕

0.334

0.530

0.330

᳓෼ᡰ
[%]

⫳⊒ᢔ㊂
[m3 year-1]

㒠᳓㊂[m3 year-1]

6.47 ×104

5.36 ×104

120.7

2.6

4.95 ×104

8.15 ×103

607.4

79.1

2.73 ×105

2.48 ×105

110.1

17.1

11.4

48.0

3.43 ×104
1.25 ×105

3.57 ×104
1.50 ×105

96.1
83.3

0.493

 ߘ ࠇ ߦ ኻ ߒ ߡ ઁ ߩ ᮸ ⒳ 㧘 ․ ߦ E. sargentii ߣ E.
occidentalis ߪ㧘㜞޿⫳ᢔ⢻ജࠍ␜ߒߚ‫ߪࠇߎޕ‬㧘ਔ᮸⒳᮸⒳ߣ್ᢿߐࠇࠆน⢻ᕈ߽޽ࠆߚ߼㧘੹ᓟ߽ᬌ⸛ࠍߒߡ޿ߊ‫ޕ‬߇㜞޿⠴Ⴎ↢ࠍ᦭ߒߡ޿ࠆߎߣ 13) ߦ㑐ଥߒߡ޿ࠆߣ⠨ ߚߛߒ㧘⚐☴ߦ὇⚛࿕ቯߩⷰὐ߆ࠄ⸒߃߫㧘Ⴎኂߩዋ߃ࠄࠇࠆ‫ޕ‬Table 2 ࠃࠅ㧘P. radiata㧘E. sargentii㧘E.

ߥ޿ࠨࠗ࠻ߢ E. globulus ࠍᬀᨋߔࠆᣇ߇㧘ઁߩ᮸⒳ࠍᬀ

occidentalis ߩ 3 ᮸⒳ߩࡃࠗࠝࡑࠬ㊂ߩᏅ߇޽߹ࠅߥ޿ߎ

ᨋߒߚ႐วߦᲧߴߡ 2 ୚એ਄ߩࡃࠗࠝࡑࠬ㊂ࠍ⏕଻ߒߡߣ߆ࠄ㧘Ⴎኂߩᓇ㗀ߩ޽ࠆㄘ࿾ࠍᬀᨋ࿾ߦォ឵ߔࠆ႐ว

޿ࠆ‫ߡߞࠃޕ‬หߓ὇⚛࿕ቯ㊂ࠍᓧࠆߚ߼ߦߪ㧘E. globulusߪ㧘E. sargentii ߆ E. occidentalis ࠍᬀᨋߔࠆߎߣߦࠃߞߡࠍ೑↪ߔࠆ߶߁߇ᬀᨋ㕙Ⓧࠍᦨዊ㒢ߦᛥ߃ࠄࠇࠆߣ⠨߃᮸ᧁߦࠃࠆ⫳ᢔ㊂ࠍჇടߐߖ㧘࿾ਅ᳓૏ૐਅߦ⽸₂ߢ߈ࠄࠇߚ‫ޕ‬ࠆߣ⠨߃ߚ‫߅ߥޕ‬㧘ᬀᨋ࿾ߢߩ⃻࿷ߩᬀᨋኒᐲߪ⚂ 1111

ha-1 ߢ޽ࠅ㧘න૏㕙Ⓧ޽ߚࠅߩ⫳ᢔ㊂ߣߒߡߪ 4866 m3

 ᰴߦ਄⸥ߢᓧࠄࠇߚ D-Low ߅ࠃ߮ D-high ߩ඙↹ߩࡃ

year-1 ha-1 ߣߥࠆߩߢ㧘ዊ㤈ߩ⚂ 2600 m3 year-1 ha-1 ߦᲧߴ㧘ࠗࠝࡑࠬ࠺࡯࠲ࠍઍ⴫୯ߣߒߡઁߩᬀᨋ඙↹߳ઍ౉ߒ㧘߅ࠃߘ 1.8 ୚߽ߩ⫳ᢔ㊂ࠍ᦭ߒߡ޿ࠆߣ޿߁ߎߣ߇ಽ߆ኻ⽎ᵹၞౝߩᬀᨋ࿾ో૕ߩࡃࠗࠝࡑࠬࠍ⸘▚ߒߚ‫ߩߘޕ‬⚿ᨐ㧘349.9 t ߩࡃࠗࠝࡑࠬ㧘ߟ߹ࠅ 174.9 t-C ߩ὇⚛߇࿕ߞߚ‫ޕ‬ቯߐࠇߚߎߣ߇ࠊ߆ߞߚ‫߅ߥޕ‬㧘ߎߩ୯ࠍන૏㕙Ⓧᒰߚ ߹ߚ㧘᳓೑↪ല₸߇ⅣႺߦࠃߞߡᄌൻߔࠆߚ߼৻᭎ߦࠅ㧘
1 ᐕ㑆޽ߚࠅߩᢙ୯ߦୃᱜߔࠆߣ㧘⚂ 1.7 t-C ha year⺰ߓࠆߎߣߪߢ߈ߥ޿߇㧘ᚑ㐳㊂ߩᄢ߈޿᮸⒳ߪ⫳ᢔ㊂-1-1ߢ޽ࠆߎߣ߇ಽ߆ߞߚ‫ ߪࠇߎޕ‬CO2 ឵▚ߢߪ 6.3 t-CO2߽ᄙ޿௑ะ߇޽ࠆ‫ߡߞࠃޕ‬㧘D-high ඙↹ߢ D-Low ඙↹ߩ

ha-1 year-1 ߣߥࠆߚ߼㧘઒ߦឃ಴ᮭขᒁߦࠃࠆ὇⚛ࠢ࡟ࠫ୚ߩࡃࠗࠝࡑࠬ㊂ࠍ␜ߒߚ E. globulus ߪ㧘Ⴎኂߩᓇ㗀ࠍ

࠶࠻߇ 3,000 ౞ t-CO2-1 ߢ޽ࠆߣߔࠆߣ㧘Ფᐕ 1 ha ޽ߚࠅฃߌߥ޿࿾ၞߢ޽ࠇ߫㧘୚ߩ⫳ᢔ㊂ࠍ␜ߔน⢻ᕈ߽޽ࠆ‫ޕ‬

19,000 ౞ߩ὇⚛ࠢ࡟ࠫ࠶࠻߇⊒↢ߔࠆߎߣߦߥࠆ‫ࠇߎޕ‬੹ᓟߪ D-high ඙↹ߢ⸳⟎ߐࠇߡ޿ࠆ TDP ࠮ࡦࠨ࡯ߩ࠺ߪ㧘ㄘᬺ↢↥ߦᲧセߔࠇ߫㕖Ᏹߦዋߥ޿ଔᩰߢ޽ࠆ߇㧘࡯࠲ត⚝߿⸃ᨆࠍㅴ߼㧘ᱜ⏕ߥᬌ⸛ࠍߒߡ޿ߊߎߣ߇᳞ㄘ࿾߆ࠄᬀᨋ࿾߳ߩォ឵ߦࠃߞߡㄘኅ߇ⵍࠆ៊ᄬߩⓣၒ߼ࠄࠇࠆ‫ޕ‬߼ߦߥࠆߣ⠨߃ࠄࠇࠆ‫߽ߣߞ߽ޕ‬㧘὇⚛ࠢ࡟ࠫ࠶࠻ߩଔ ᰴߦᵹၞో૕ߩ᳓෼ᡰࠍ⸘▚ߒߚ⚿ᨐࠍ Table 4 ߦ␜ᩰߪᄢ߈ߊᄌേߔࠆߚ߼㧘ߎߜࠄߩ੍᷹ߪ⃻⁁ߢߪ࿎㔍ߔ‫ࠅࠃ⴫ߩߎޕ‬㧘㋦⋥਄ะ߈ࠍࡊ࡜ࠬߦߣߞߡ᳓෼ᡰࠍߢ޽ࠆ‫ޕ‬⸘▚ߒߚ⚿ᨐ㧘෼ᡰ߇ࡊ࡜ࠬ 10%ߣߥߞߚߚ߼ߦ㧘ኻ⽎ᵹၞߢߪ㒠᳓㊂ࠃࠅ߽⫳⊒ᢔ㊂ߩ߶߁߇ᄢ߈ߊߥࠅ㧘࿾ਅ᳓૏߇ૐਅߒߡ޿ࠆߎߣ߇␜ߐࠇߚ‫ߒ߆ߒޕ‬㧘Table 4 ᵹၞౝߩ᳓෼ᡰ ߹ߕߪ㧘ኻ⽎࿾ߩઍ⴫⊛ߥᬀᨋ᮸ᧁ 4 ᮸⒳㧔Pinusߩਛߦ᣿ࠄ߆ߦਇ⥄ὼߥ࠺࡯࠲߇޽ࠆ‫ߪࠇߘޕ‬㧘⵻࿾ߩradiata㧘Eucalyptus sargentii㧘E. globulus㧘E. occidentalis㧕ߦ⸳⟎ߒߚ TDP ࠮ࡦࠨ࡯ߩ࠺࡯࠲⸃ᨆߦࠃߞߡ᳞߼ࠄ
ࠇߚ㧘ฦ᮸⒳ߩ⫳ᢔ㊂࠺࡯࠲ࠍ Table 3 ߦ␜ߔ‫ߪࠇߎޕ‬᳓෼ᡰ߇⚂ 610%߽ߩᄢ߈ߥ୯ࠍ␜ߒߡ޿ࠆߎߣߢ޽ࠆ‫ޕ‬߽ߒߎࠇ߇ᱜߒ޿୯ߢ޽ࠇ߫㧘ㄘ࿾ࠍ⵻࿾ߦォ឵ߒߚ߶߁߇᳓෼ᡰ߇ᡷༀߔࠆߎߣߦߥࠆ߇㧘ߘࠇߪ㕖Ᏹߦਇ⥄

D-Low ඙↹ߩ࠺࡯࠲ߢ޽ࠆ‫ޕ‬D-high ඙↹ߩ࠺࡯࠲ߪᰳ៊

ὼߥ⚿ᨐߢ޽ࠆ‫ޕ‬߇ᄙߊ⸃ᨆߦ⠴߃ߥ߆ߞߚߚ߼੹࿁ߩ⚿ᨐ߆ࠄߪ㒰ᄖߒ ߎߩේ࿃ߪ⵻࿾ߩ⫳⊒ᢔ㊂ߩផቯ୯ߦ㧘น⢻⫳⊒ᢔ㊂ߚ‫⚿ߩߎޕ‬ᨐࠃࠅ㧘᮸⒳ߦࠃߞߡᄢ߈ߊ୯߇⇣ߥࠆߎߣࠍઍ↪ߒߚߎߣߦ⿠࿃ߔࠆ‫ޕ‬น⢻⫳⊒ᢔ㊂ߪ㧘ߘߩ࿾ၞ߇ಽ߆ߞߚ‫ ߦߊߣޕ‬D-high ඙↹ߣᲧセߒߡ὇⚛࿕ቯ⢻ജ

ߢ 1 ᐕ㑆ߦ࿾਄߆ࠄⓨ᳇ਛ߳᡼಴ߐࠇࠆ᳓ಽ㊂ߩࡐ࠹ࡦ߽ዊߐߊ↢ሽ₸߇ૐਅߒߡ޿ߚ E. globulus ߇㧘㕖Ᏹߦዊࠪࡖ࡞ࠍ⴫ߔ୯ߢ޽ࠆߚ߼㧘ᐕᐔဋ᳇᷷߇㜞ߊߡੇ῎ߒߐ޿⫳ᢔ㊂ߢ޽ࠆߎߣ߇ಽ߆ߞߚ‫ߡߞࠃޕ‬Ⴎኂߩ޽ࠆ࿾ߡ޿ࠆ࿾ၞ߶ߤ㜞޿୯ࠍ␜ߔ‫ߒ߆ߒޕ‬㧘ታ㓙ߩ࿯ფߪ㕖ၞߢᬀ߃ࠄࠇߚ E. globulus ߪ᳓ߩ⫳ᢔ⢻ജ߇ૐߊ㧘࿾ਅᏱߦᵻ޿࿾ਅ᳓߇ሽ࿷ߒߥ޿㒢ࠅߪੇ῎ߒߡਇ㘻๺⁁ᘒ᳓૏ૐਅߦ⽸₂ߒߦߊ޿ߎߣ߇ಽ߆ߞߚ‫ޕ‬ߣߥࠆߚ߼㧘น⢻⫳⊒ᢔ㊂ߩᢙಽߩ৻ߩ㊂ߒ߆⫳⊒ࠍ⿠㧙㧙methodologyߎߐߥ޿‫ߡߞࠃޕ‬㧘⵻࿾ߩ᳓෼ᡰߪ᣿ࠄ߆ߦ਄ᣇߦㆊᄢ

Baseline

andmonitoring

Convention on Climate Change, 53p㊂ࠍ 10 ಽߩ 1 ߦߔࠆߣ㧘᳓෼ᡰߪ 88%ߣߥࠅ㧘੹ᐲߪ2) Short R., McConnell C. (2000): Extent and Impacts of࿾ਅ᳓૏߇਄᣹ߔࠆ⚿ᨐߣߥࠆ‫ޕ‬10 ಽߩ 1 ߦߥࠆߣߪ⠨Dryland salinity -Project 1A-DAW29-, National Land߃ߦߊ޿߇㧘੹ᓟߪ⵻࿾ߩ⫳⊒㊂ߩᱜߒ޿⷗Ⓧߩᚻᴺࠍ

and Water Resources Audit.

⚵ߺㄟ߹ߥߊߡߪߥࠄߥ޿‫ޕ‬ ߒ߆ߒ৻ᣇߢ㧘Table 4 ౝߩᬀᨋ࿾㧘ᄤὼᨋߩ඙↹ߢߪ㧘3) McFarlane D.J., Williamson D.R. (2002): An overview ofwater logging and salinity in southwestern Australia as⫳ᢔ㊂ߪផቯߒߡ޿ࠆ߇ߘࠇߙࠇߩ඙↹ߩ࿯ფ⴫㕙߆ࠄrelatedߩ⫳⊒㊂ߪ⸘▚ߦ⚵ߺㄟ߹ࠇߡ޿ߥ޿‫ޕ‬᮸ᧁߩⷒ߁඙↹tothe‘Ucarro’experimental

Agricultural Water Management, Vol. 53.

ߪ⵻࿾ߣᲧセߔࠇ߫⫳⊒㊂ߪዋߥߊߥࠆ߇㧘ήⷞߢ߈ߥ

catchment.

4) Harper R.J., Robinson N., Sochacki S.J., Smettem K.R.J.,
Pitman L. (2008): Phase Farming with trees -Field⵻࿾ߩㆊᄢ⹏ଔಽߣ㧘ߥ޿‫ޕ‬߅ߘࠄߊ੹࿁ߩផቯ⚿ᨐߪ㧘

validation of the tree phase-, Rural Industries Researchᬀᨋ࿾ߣᄤὼᨋߢߩㆊዊ⹏ଔಽߢ⋧Ვߐࠇࠆ߆⧯ᐓߩㆊ
ᄢ⹏ଔߣߥࠆߚ߼㧘᳓෼ᡰߪ 100%೨ᓟߦߥࠆߣ⠨߃ࠄ

A/R:(CDM-AR-NM) version 4. United Nation Framework⹏ଔߐࠇߡ޿ࠆߚ߼ା㗬ᕈߦᰳߌࠆ‫ޕ‬઒ߦ⵻࿾ߩ⫳⊒ᢔ޿㊂ߦߥࠆߚ߼ߎߜࠄߩផቯ⚿ᨐࠍ⠨ᘦߒߥߊߡߪߥࠄ

forand Development Corporation.

ࠇࠆ‫ ߪߣߎߩߘޕ‬Fig. 1 ߢ␜ߒߚ࿾ਅ᳓૏ߩᄌേ߆ࠄ߽5) Sochacki S., Harper R. (2007): Report for the RITE-Forestൻߒߡ޿ߥ޿ߚ߼㧘᳓෼ᡰߪ߿ߪࠅ 100%೨ᓟߢ޽ࠆߣ

Australia, Project 2: Multispecies trial plots D and E.

⺒ߺขࠇࠆ‫ޕ‬2005 ᐕ㨪2007 ᐕ߹ߢߩ࿾ਅ᳓૏ߪ޽߹ࠅᄌ⠨߃ࠄࠇ㧘ᧄ⎇ⓥߢᬌ⸛ߒߚ᳓෼ᡰߪᅷᒰߢ޽ߞߚߣ⠨Product Commission joint study at Wickepin, Western6) Specht A., West P.W. (2003): Estimation of biomass andsequestrated carbon on farm forest plantation in northern߃ࠄࠇߚ‫ޕ‬New South Wales, Australia. Biomass and Bioenergy,
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ߚ‫ߪ࡞࠺ࡕࡊࠗ࠲࠻ࡠࡊߩߎޕ‬㧘᷹ⷰߢᓧࠄࠇߚ⚿ᨐߣ޽ࠆ⒟ᐲ৻⥌ߔࠆߎߣ߇␜ߐࠇߚ‫੹ޕ‬ᓟߪ㧘ਇ⏕ታᕈߩ8) Smithwick E.A.H., Harmon M.E., Remillard S.M., AckerS.A., Franklin J.F. (2002): Potential upper bounds of㜞޿࠺࡯࠲߿⸃ᨆᚻᴺߩᡷༀ㧘ᄌᦝࠍⴕ޿㧘ࠃࠅᱜ⏕ߥcarbon stores in forests of the Pacific Northwest. Ecol.

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integrationg data from forest inventories, intensive sites,࿾ߢߩᬀᨋߦࠃࠆੑ㉄ൻ὇⚛࿕ቯߣࡃࠗࠝࡑࠬ↢↥࡮ォ

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឵࡮ャㅍ‫ߣޠ‬ᚑくᄢቇࠕࠫࠕᄥᐔᵗ⎇ⓥ࠮ࡦ࠲࡯౒ห⎇ⓥࡊࡠࠫࠚࠢ࠻ߩ‫ࠕࠫࠕޟ‬ᄥᐔᵗ࿾ၞߦ߅ߌࠆੇ῎࿾ᬀ10) AndersonW.K., Garlinge J.R. (2000): The wheat book -principles and practice / compiled-. Bulletin of Westernᨋߦࠃࠆੑ㉄ൻ὇⚛࿕ቯߣࡃࠗࠝࡑࠬ↢↥࡮ォ឵‫ࠃߦޠ‬

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ࠆᡰេࠍฃߌߡታᣉߐࠇߚ‫⻢ߦߎߎޕ‬ᗧࠍ⴫ߔࠆ‫ޕ‬11) Granier A., Biron P., Köstner B., Gay L.W., Najjar G.
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ෳ⠨ᢥ₂
1)

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conductance for scots pine. Theoretical and applied
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12) 㘵↰⌀৻࡮ዊᨋ⟵๺࡮↰ਛ ᱜ㧔2003㧕Granier ᴺࠍ↪޿ߚ᮸ᶧᵹㅦߩ㐳ᦼㅪ⛯᷹ቯ㧚᳓ᢥ᳓⾗Ḯቇળ⹹㧚㧙㧙Vol.16, 13-22.

13) Forest Product Commission (Publication year was notmentioned): Trees to fight salinity on farms. commonwealthof Western Australia (http://www.fpc.wa.gov.au/content_migration/about_us/publications.aspx).

㧙㧙