లඵ࣭ٝष࿹୆‫ڠ‬݈ٛ઀ȁ࿤ȁೄȁঊີ५ఱ‫૽ڠ‬໲‫ڠ‬໐‫ܮ‬ါలĶķ࣢าक़ˎˌˍˎාˎ࠮లඵ࣭ٝष࿹୆‫ڠ‬݈ٛలඵ࣭ٝष࿹୆‫ڠ‬݈ٛ઀ȁ࿤ȁೄȁঊ͉̲͛ͅȁΙλȜσΒȆυΨȜΠȆΘȜ;ͻϋȪCharles Robert Darwinȫ̦ȸਅ͈࡙ܳȪOn the Origin ofSpeciesȫȹͬ‫̱࣐ۏ‬Ȅૺ‫ا‬აͬอນ̱̹͈͉ 1859 ා͈̭̜͂́ͥȃ୆໤‫اૺ͈̱̀͂ڠ‬ა͉Ȅ‫̩̈́͜ۼ‬ఉ̩͈‫ڠش‬৪̦෇̭̹͛ͥ͂ͧ͂̈́̽ȃ̷̱̀ 1869 ාͅȄΘȜ;ͻϋ͈ਲ߻೵έρϋΏΑȆΌσΠϋȪFrancis Galtonȫ̦ȸ֒ഥഎഛधȪHereditary Geniusȫȹ͈ಎ́Ȅ૽͈धෝ̦͕͖֒ഥ̽̀͢ͅ਋̫ࠑ̦͈̜ͦͥ́ͥ͂͜৽ಫ̱̹ȃ̯ͣͅΌσΠϋ͉ 1883 ා͈ȸ૽‫ۼ‬ෝႁ͈ࡄ‫ݪ‬ȪInquiries into Human Facultyȫȹ͈ಎ́Ȅ੝͛̀ȶ࿹୆‫ڠ‬ȷ̞̠͂࡞ဩͬ೹੹̱̹ȃ๞̷̦͈࡞ဩ́փྙ̱̹͈͉Ȅȶ࿹ၻȷࠬൡͅచ̱ȶႦ൝ȷࠬൡͤ͢͜௸้̥͞ͅ૓̳ͥ‫ܥ‬ٛͬဓ̢̭ͥ͂̽̀͢ͅȄ૽႒ͬ٨ၻ̳ͥȶ‫ڠش‬ȷ̜̹́̽ȃ1900 ාͅΈτΌȜσȆπΧϋȆιϋΟσȪGregor Johann Mendelȫ͈֒ഥ༹௱̦ठอࡉ̯̹͈ͦͬ‫ͅܥ‬࿹୆‫͈ڠ‬ບ‫ͅ௸ݢ͉ث‬ࣞͤ͘Ȅଲ‫ٮ‬എ̈́‫ڐ‬ఱ߹࢜ͬࡉ̵̹ȃȁ࿹୆‫଼͈ڠ‬ၛ͂ͺις΃͈͒ഥ෥ͬଔ̱ૺ̹͛ါ֦̱͂̀Ȅༀུઍ໹͉ո‫͈ئ‬२ത͈୆໤‫ڠ‬͈ૺജͬ‫̞̬ͥ̀ݷ‬ȃల͉֚Ȅέρͼήσ·ఱ‫ޗڠ‬਎έςȜΡςΛΪȆτ΂εσΠȆͺ;ΈΑΠȆό͹ͼΑζϋȪFriedrich Leopold August Weismannȫ͈‫ڠ‬୰̜́ͥȃΘȜ;ͻϋ͈ૺ‫ا‬ა͉Ȅྚ౶͈֒ഥၑაͬஜ೹̱̞̹͈͂̀́Ȅૺ‫ا‬ა̦਋ယ̯̞̩ͦ̀̾ͦ̀ͅଡ଼̥͈ͣఱ࿚ఴ̜́ͥ֒ഥၑაͅ‫ڠش‬৪͈‫۾‬૤̦̥̞̹࢜̽̀̽ȃအș̈́֒ഥၑა̦೹੹̯̹ͦಎ́ఱ̧̈́‫ޣג‬ႁͬ঵̹͈̦̽Ȅ1892 ාͅ੄̯̹ͦό͹ͼΑζϋ͈ȸ୆૓ৗ୰Ƚ͈͌͂̾֒ഥၑაȽȹ̜̹́̽ȃ̷͈୰ͥ͂͢ͅȄఘळ༾๊֚͂୆૓ळ༾͉͂஠̩༆໤́Ȅ୆૓ळ༾͈͙̦஠ࡔ‫ܖ‬Ȫࠁఠอ୆͈͂̈́ͥ͜ͅ๷઀́ະ‫خ‬ণ͈ࡔ֦ȫͬ਋̫ࠑ̪ȃ̭͈୰͉ΐλϋɁΨΞͻΑΠȆά΀ȜσȆͺϋΠχȜΤȆΡȆκΥȪJean-Baptiste Pierre Antoine de MonetȫȂΏνό͹ς΀ȆΡȆρζσ·ȪChevalier de Lamarckȫ͈‫ڕ‬ංࠁৗ֒ഥͬ஠๛೰̳͈̜ͥ́ͤ͜Ḙ̏ͦͬ૽‫ͅۼ‬ਹ͇ͥ͂Ȅ۪‫ޏ‬٨஝͞‫͉ض͈࢘֗ޗ‬ಠ̱̩઀̯̞̭͂ͬփྙ̱̞̹̀ȃུ̭͈͉ 1894 ාͅ‫ם‬࿫̦‫̯࣐ͦۏ‬Ȅͺις΃́͜ఉ̩͈උ৪ͬ‫ڕ‬ං̱̹ȃలඵ͉ȄΌσΠϋో͈ࡄ‫̜ͥ́ݪ‬ȃΌσΠϋ͉Ȅ֒ഥࠁৗ͈ষଲయ͈੄࡛͉ൡࠗ‫ڠ‬എ̈́໦ື༹௱ͅਲ̠͂૞̲̞̹̹̀͛Ȅ૽‫̞̀̾͜ͅۼ‬୆໤͂൳အͅఱၾ͈௶೰࣐̱ͬ۠Ȅࡕ‫̈́ڒ‬ൡࠗ‫ڠ‬എੜၑ࣐̹ͬ̽ȃ๞͉Ȅ૽‫૸͈ۼ‬ಿ͞‫ޝ‬ս̦ୃܰ໦ືͬা̳̭͂ͬ‫֣̞ޑ̱̀෇ږ‬યͬ਋̫Ȅ૽‫͈ۼ‬ୈ૰ෝႁ̭͈̠̈́͜͢໦ືͬা̳̜̠́ͧ͂ࣉ̢̹ȃ̷͉ͦ΃ȜσȆάͺΕϋȪKarl Pearsonȫͅ਋̫ࠑ̦ͦȄତ‫ڠ‬എͅ஄Ⴏ̯̞̹ͦ̀̽ȃల२̦Ȅ1900 ා͈ιϋΟσ୰͈ठอࡉ̜́ͥȃιϋΟσ༹͈௱͉໦‫͜ڬ‬௩໙̧̞́̈́֒͜ഥౙ

− 93 −ີ५ఱ‫૽ڠ‬໲‫ڠ‬໐‫ܮ‬ါպͬஜ೹̱̤̀ͤͅȄ̷͉ͦࡔ‫̢༷ͬࣉ͈ܖ‬ౙ੗‫͈̹̱͂͜ا‬උ̧͚̭̦̹͂́ȃठอࡉ̯̹ͦ൚ज͉ȄιϋΟσ‫ڠ‬୰͉ॠਅల֚యո͈ࣛࠁৗ͈੄࡛ອഽͬထ௶̱̠ͥତ‫ڠ‬എ࡛ય༹௱͂ࣉ̢ͣͦȄό͹ͼΑζϋ‫ڠ‬୰͈ୃ̱̯ͬબྶ̳͈ͥ͂͜ࡉ̯̹̈́ͦȃ̭̠̱̀֒ഥౙպͥ֒͢ͅഥ࡛ય͈ၑٜ̞̠͂ఠഽ͉๲࿬എͅࢩ̧̦̞̽̀Ȅ19 ଲ‫ ̥ͣܮ‬20 ଲ‫͈͒ܮ‬ഢ۟‫͉ͅܢ‬Ȅ̳͓͈̀ࠁৗ͉୆૓ळ༾ͅဇြ̳̞̠ͥ͂૽‫ۼ‬۷̦นட͂ࢩ̦̹̽ȃ̷͉ͦȄ୆‫͈ޏ۪ڰ‬٨஝͞‫ޗ‬͈֗࢘‫ͬض‬๛೰̳ͥ৽ಫ̜̹́̽͜ 1ȃ
ȁ20 ଲ‫ܮ‬੝൮ͅ࿹୆‫͉ڠ‬ఉ̩͈࣭șͅ‫ڐ‬ఱ̱Ȅ1912 ා͉ͅల࣭֚ٝष࿹୆‫ڠ‬݈ٛȪInternational
Congress of Eugenicsȫ̦υϋΡΰ‫ٳ‬ट̯̹ͦȃలඵ͉ٝ 1921 ාͅΣνȜπȜ·́Ȅల२ٝ
͉ 1932 ා̹͘ͅΣνȜπȜ·́‫ٳ‬ट̯̹ͦȃ̭͈࣭ͦͣष࿹୆‫ڠ‬݈̞͉̭ٛ̾̀ͦ́͘ͅȄ࿹୆‫͈ڠ‬Ⴄঃ͈ಎ́۰ౙͅ૘̧̹̺̫̜̹ͦͣͦ̀́̽ȃ̷ུ̭́ࣂ͉́අͅ 1921 ා͈లඵ࣭ٝष࿹୆‫ڠ‬݈ٛͅઙതͬ൚̀̀Ȅ൚শ͈࣭षഎ̈́࿹୆‫ڐ͈ڠ‬ఱે‫̷͈͂ޙ‬২ٛഎփ݅ͬࣉख़̳ͥȃల֚ষଲ‫ٮ‬ఱ୽̦ই͉ͥ́͘͘ྶ̥ͣͅͼΆςΑ̦࿹୆‫͈ݪࡄڠ‬ಎ૤̜̹̦́̽Ȅల֚ষଲ‫ٮ‬ఱ୽ࢃ࿹୆‫৽͈ݪࡄڠ‬൵ࡀ͉ͺις΃͒͂֊ͤȄలඵ࣭ٝष࿹୆‫ڠ‬݈̦ٛ‫ٳ‬ट̯͉ͦͥࣼ́͘ͅȄ࿹୆‫͉ڠ‬ଲ‫ٮ‬എ̈́‫׋‬൲̞̹̈́̽̀ͅȃȁల࣭֚ٝष࿹୆‫ڠ‬݈͉ٛ́Ȅ࿨֥Ȇտ֥ٛտ֥Ȇయນ౬͈૽ତ͉ 324 ૽Ȅ৽̈́ࢃ‫ͼ͉۾ܥ׳‬ΆςΑ࿹୆‫ފ֗ޗ‬ٛȪEugenics Education Societyȫ͂υϋΡϋఱ‫ڠ‬ΌσΠϋࡄ‫ݪ‬ਫ਼Ȅ੄ๅ̯̹ͦ‫੅ڠ‬ა໲͉ 42 ུȄ੄ജ৪͉ 18 ૽́੄ജ຦ତ͉ 263 ത̜̹́̽ȃలඵ࣭ٝष࿹୆‫ڠ‬݈͉ٛ́Ȅ࿨֥Ȇտ֥ٛտ֥Ȇయນ౬͈૽ତ͉ 312 ૽Ȅ৽̈́ࢃ‫΃͉۾ܥ׳‬ȜΥΆȜࡄ‫ݪ‬ਫ਼ȪCarnegieInstitution for Scienceȫ͈࿹୆ܱ჏ޫȪEugenics Record Of¿ceȫȄͺις΃ুடঃฎ໤‫܁‬ȪAmerican
Museum of Natural HistoryȫȄ࿹୆‫ފݪࡄڠ‬ٛȪEugenics Research Associationȫ́Ȅ੄ๅ̯̹ͦ‫੅ڠ‬ა໲͉ 108 ུȄ੄ജ৪͉ 131 ૽̷̸́ͦͦˍȡ 50 ത͈ജা຦ͬ੄ജ̱̹ȃ݈ٛ͂ജা͂
੄ๅ̥̥̹̽ͅࠐ๯͉Ȅ13,016.49 Ρσ̜̹́̽ȃ̷̱̀ల२࣭ٝष࿹୆‫ڠ‬݈͉ٛ́Ȅ࿨֥Ȇտ֥ٛտ֥Ȇయນ౬͈૽ତ͉ 73 ૽Ȅ੄ๅ̯̹ͦ‫੅ڠ‬ა໲͉ 65 ུȄജাତ͉ 267 ത̷̸́ͦͦ
ˍ̞̱̈́ఉତ͈຦଼̥̞̹ͣ̽̀ȃ݈ٛȄജাȄ੄ๅ̥̥̹̽ͅࠐ๯͉Ȅ6,716.96 Ρσ̜̹́̽ 2ȃ̭͈̠͢ͅȄତল͈ષ͉́లඵ݈̦࣭ٝٛष࿹୆‫ڠ‬݈͈ٛडେ‫̦̭̠͂࡞̹̜͂̽́ܢ‬̧́ͥȃ̷ུ̭́ࣂ͉́Ȅలඵ࣭ٝष࿹୆‫ڠ‬݈͈ٛփ଎͉‫̥͈̹̜̽́ة‬Ḙ̷̏́‫݈̦ة‬ა̯̹͈̥ͦͬྶ̥̱ͣͅȄ̷͈փ̞݅̾̀ͅࣉख़̳ͥȃˍȅ࿹୆‫ڐ͈ڠ‬ఱȁͼΆςΆ͉ȄΌσΠῧ๞͈ൡࠗ‫ڠ‬എ༹༷ͬࠑઇ̱̹άͺΕϋ̦Ȅ1901 ාͅȸΨͼ΂ιΠς΃ȪBiometricaȫȹ̞̠͂୺࿝ॠধͬอ‫̱ۏ‬Ȅ୆໤௶೰‫ͬڠ‬ಎ૤̳͂ͥ࿹୆‫ͬڠ‬อജ̵̯̹ȃ̷͉ͦ͂༆ͅȄ1907 ාͅ࿹୆‫ފ֗ޗ‬̦ٛ୭ၛ̯̹ͦȃ̷͉ͦȄ࿹୆‫ͬڠ‬໦̥̳̩ͤ͞୰̩̭͂ͬ࿒എ̱̞̹͂̀ȃ− 94 −లඵ࣭ٝष࿹୆‫ڠ‬݈ٛȁͺις΃͉́Ȅ1903 ාͅ‫ز‬಄͞ै໤͈຦ਅ٨ၻͬ࿒എ̱͂̀஻୭̯̹ͦͺις΃֗ਅ‫ز‬‫ ފ‬ٛȪAmerican BreedersȧAssociationȫ ̦Ȅ1906 ා ͅ ‫ ފ‬ٛ ඤ ͅ ࿹ ୆ ‫ ڠ‬տ ֥ ٛȪCommittee onEugenicsȫͬ୭౾̱̹ȃ࿹୆‫ڠ‬տ֥͈ٛտ֥͉ͅȄͺις΃ুடঃฎ໤‫܁͈܁‬ಿΰϋςȜȆέͿͺέͻȜσΡȆ΂ΒδȜϋȪHenry Fair¿eld OsbornȫȄαΑΠΓρȜ͈ఱ‫شޗڠ‬੥ȸ؊ဥ࿹୆‫ڠ‬ȪApplied EugenicsȫȹȪ1918 ාȫ͈‫ވ‬ಠ৪υΒ;ͿσȆΐοϋΕϋȪRoswell JohnsonȫȄ૒໤֗ਅ‫ز‬σȜ΍ȜȆΨȜΨϋ·ȪLuther BurbankȫȄଲ‫ٮ‬എͅခྴ̈́อྶ‫ز‬ͺτ·΍ϋΘȜȆΈρΧθȆασȪAlexander Graham BellȫȄΑΗϋέ΁ȜΡఱ‫ڠ͈ڠ‬ಿΟͼόͻΛΡȆΑΗȜȆΐοȜΘϋȪDavid Starr JordanȫȄ‫͍ݞ‬൳ఱ‫ڠ‬अಖ‫ޗڠ‬਎ό͹ȜΦϋȆζͼζϋȆρͼζϋȆΉυΛΈȪVernon Myman Lyman Kelloggȫ̦‫ ̹̞̀ͦ͘܄‬3ȃ࿹୆‫ڠ‬տ֥͉ٛ 1915 ාͅȄͺις΃֒ഥ‫ފڠ‬ٛȪAmerican Genetics Associationȫͅ٨ྴ̱̹ȃȁ̹͘ 1904 ාͅχΏϋΠϋˠ˟͈΃ȜΥΆȜࡄ‫ݪ‬ਫ਼͉ȄΣνȜπȜ·ਗ΋ȜσΡΑίςϋΈΧȜΨȜͅ৘ࡑૺ‫ݪࡄا‬ਫ਼ȪStation for Experimental Evolutionȫͬ୭౾̱̹ȃ1910 ා̷້͉͈ͅ௺ঔ୭̱͂̀࿹୆ܱ჏ޫ̦୭౾̯ͦȄ‫಺ࠏز‬औȄ֒ഥ͈ࡄ‫ݪ‬Ḙ̏ͦͣͅਲম̳ͥ૽ș଼͈֗Ȅࠫँ௖౴Ȅࡄ‫੄͈ض଼ݪ‬ๅ̦̈́̓࿒ঐ̯̹ͦȃ1916 ා̥ͣ‫۾ܥ‬ধȸ࿹୆‫ڠ‬ΣνȜΑȪEugenicalNewsȫȹ̦อ࣐̯ͦḘ͈̏໦࿤͈ಎ૤എ࿨‫̹̠̳̹̽̈́͢ͅضͬڬ‬ȃȁ1918 ා͉ͅȄΣνȜπȜ·ঌ́ΌσΠϋ‫ފ‬ٛȪGalton Societyȫ̦୭ၛ̯̹ͦȃ࿹୆‫͈ڠ‬຿ΌσΠϋ̻̈́ͭ́ͅྴັ̷̫̹͈ͣͦ‫ފ‬͉ٛȄ൚੝̥ͣ૽‫͈ۼ‬ৗ͈૽ਅഎओ։ͅ‫۾‬૤ͬ঵̞̹̽̀ȃ̳́ͅ࢖෇̯̞̹ͦ̀΂ΒδȜϋȄͺις΃࿹୆‫׋ڠ‬൲͈ঐ൵৪ΙλȜσΒȆαΥΟͻ·ΠȆΘόͿϋεȜΠȪCharles Benedict DavenportȫȄȸռఱ̈́૽ਅ͈ક྽ȪThe Passing of theGreat RaceȫȹȪ1916 ාȫ͈ಠ৪ζΟͻΕϋȆΈρϋΠȪMadison Grantȫͅ‫͉͈̹̽ͩح‬ȄίςϋΑΠϋఱ‫͈ڠ‬୆໤‫ڠ‬৪΀Ρ;ͻϋȆΈρϋΠȆ΋ϋ·ςϋȪEdwin Grant ConklinȫȄͼ΀Ȝσఱ‫͈ڠ‬౷ၑ‫ڠ‬৪΀σΒχȜΑȆΧϋΙϋΠϋȪEllsworth HuntingtonȫȄ΃ȜΥΆȜࡄ‫ݪ‬ਫ਼ಿΐοϋȆ˟ȆιςͺθȪJohn C. MerriamȫȄ΋υϋΫͺఱ‫͈ڠ‬൲໤‫ڠ‬৪;ͻςͺθȆ΅ϋΈȆΈτΌςȜȪWilliam King GregoryȫȄ˦ȆΧχȜΡȆζΈτ΄ȜȪJ. Howard MacGregorȫȄ΋υϋΫͺఱ‫ڠ‬ΞͻȜΙλȜΒȆ΃τΛΐ͈૤ၑ‫ڠ‬৪΀ΡχȜΡȆςȜȆΕȜϋΘͼ·ȪEdwardLee Thorndikeȫ̜̹́̽ 4ȃ
ȁ1921 ා͈ల࣭֚ٝष࿹୆‫ڠ‬݈ٛ́୭౾̯̹ͦॻ೰എࢩ࣬տ֥ٛȪAd Interim Committeeȫ͉Ȅ
1922 ාͅͺις΃ࣣਤ࣭࿹୆‫ڠ‬տ֥ٛȪEugenics Committee of the United States of AmericaȫȄ1923 ාͅͺις΃ࣣਤ࣭࿹୆‫ފڠ‬ٛȪEugenics Society of the United States of Americaȫ̈́ͤͅȄ1925 ාͅडਞഎͅͺις΃࿹୆‫ފڠ‬ٛȪAmerican Eugenics Societyȫ̹̈́̽ͅȃ‫ފ‬͈ٛଽॐ͂ழ૕‫ࠨ͈א׋‬೰ͬտ͇̹ͣͦন࿚տ֥͉ٛͅȄஜ੆͈ΈτΌςȜȄΐοȜΘϋȄΉυΛΈȄιςͺθȄ΂ΒδȜϋȄΕȜϋΘͼ·Ȅ̷̱̀ȸͺις΃૽͈౶ෝͅ‫ݪࡄ̳ͥ۾‬ȪA
Study of American IntelligentȫȹȪ1923 ාȫ͈ಠ৪΃ȜσȆ΅λϋασȆής΄θȪCarl Campbell− 95 −ີ५ఱ‫૽ڠ‬໲‫ڠ‬໐‫ܮ‬ါBrighamȫฎআȄό͹ͼϋρϋΡ߱Ⴏ‫ࢷڠ‬ȪVineland Training Schoolȫ͈ࡄ‫ݪ‬տ֥ಿ́ȸ΃ς ΃ · ‫ ز‬Ƚ ౶ എ વ ‫ ֒ ͈ ٺ‬ഥ ͅ ‫ ݪ ࡄ ͥ ̳ ۾‬ȽȪThe Kallikak Family: A Study in the Heredity ofFeeble-MindednessȫȹȪ1912 ාȫ͈ಠ৪̜́ͥΰϋςȜȆΧȜΨȜΠȆΌΘȜΡȪHenry HerbertGoddardȫฎআȄȸၻ̞୆ͦ͘Ƚ࿹୆‫ڠ‬ව࿝ȽȪBeing Well-Born: An Introduction to EugenicsȫȹȪ1916ාȫ͈ಠ৪ζͼΉσȆˢȆ΄ͼμȜȪMichael F. Guyerȫ‫ޗ‬਎Ȅཤ΃ςέ΁σΣͺ࿹୆‫ڠ‬ႲྷȪNorthern
California Eugenics Leagueȫ͈Ⴒྷಿ˟Ȇ˩ȆΊȜΞȪC. M. GoetheȫȄ1924 ා֊ྦྷଷࡠ༹͈‫ވ‬൳೹մ৪ͺσΨȜΠȆΐοϋΕϋȪAlbert JohnsonȫȄȸ؊ဥ࿹୆‫ڠ‬ȪApplied EugenicsȫȹȪ1918ාȫ͈ಠ৪εȜσȆεβΦȜȪPaul PopenoeȫȄȸฒ૽࿹‫݅ͅ৽ק‬చ̳ͥခ૗૽ਅ͈ర൮ȪThe
Rising Tide of Color Against White Supremacyȫȹ
Ȫ1920 ාȫ͈ಠ৪ρΑυΛίȆΑΠΘȜΡȪLathropStoddardȫȄΑΗϋέ΁ȜΡఱ‫ڠ‬૤ၑ‫ޗڠ‬਎́౶ෝ࠿औ‫׋‬൲͈ঐ൵৪σͼΑȆζΟͻΕϋȆΗȜζϋȪLewis Madison TermanȫȄͺις΃૤ၑ‫ڠ‬ٛȪAmerican Psychological Associationȫٛಿ́ΧȜό͹ȜΡఱ‫ޗڠ֗ޗڠ‬਎υΨȜΠȆ˩ȆμȜ΅ΑȪRobert M. Yerkesȫ̦‫̹̞̀ͦ͘܄‬ȃͺις΃࿹୆‫ފڠ‬͉ٛ‫ͅࢷڠ‬ઙതͬ൚̀̀Ȅ‫͈ࢷڠ‬၎ਘ‫ه‬೾͈֚໐ͅ࿹୆‫ͬڠ‬ழ͙ࣺ̠̱̹͂͜ȃ̷ͦͅ‫ފ̢̀ح‬͉ٛȄ๊֚ঞȄ࣒‫׵‬ȄജাȄ੥໤ȄΩϋέτΛΠͬ‫͚܄‬အș̈́਀౲́࿹୆‫ڠ‬എম৘ͅ‫ͬ֗ޗ̳ͥ۾‬ఱਤͅࢩ̠̱̹͛͂͢ 5ȃȁ࿹୆‫͈ڠ‬ਹါ࣭̈́ष݈̦ٛ੝͛̀‫ئ̥ͥͦٳ‬౷̹͈͉͂̈́̽Ȅ1911 ාͅΡτΑΟΰ‫ٳ‬ट̯̹ͦȶ࣭ष࿹୆ജাٛȷ͈ٛ‫ܢ‬ಎ࣐̹ͩͦͅ૽ਅ‫מ‬୆‫ڠ‬৪͈݈̜̹ٛ́̽ȃ1907 ා଼̯ࠫͦͅȄΡͼΜ͈૽ਅ‫מ‬୆‫ڠ‬৪̦͕͖ෳఈഎͅ‫ݱ‬ী̞̹̽̀ȶ࣭ष૽ਅ‫מ‬୆‫ފڠ‬ٛȷْ̦̱̹̭͈݈ࠗٛ́ȄΡͼΜȄ΂ρϋΘȄΙͿ΋Αυό͹΅ͺȄͼΆςΑȄ΂ȜΑΠςͺȄΑ;ͿȜΟϋȄΟϋζȜ·Ȅ̷̱̀ͺις΃͈࿹୆‫ڠ‬৪ో̦܏̵ࣣ̹ͬͩȃ݈͈ٛ࿒എ͉Ȅ࣭षഎ̈́‫߸۾‬ͬ૬͛Ȅ଼ಿً೾̜ͥͅ૧̱̞‫ ̹̜̭̳̽́͂ͥٳ࢖ͬض଼ݪࡄ͈ڠش‬6ȃȁ1912 ා͈ల࣭֚ٝष࿹୆‫ڠ‬݈͉ٛȄΡτΑΟϋ͈݈ٛͤܰ͢࿅͜ఱ̧̩Ȅ˓࠮ 24 ඾̥ͣ 30඾́͘υϋΡϋఱ‫ٳ́ڠ‬ट̯̹ͦȃ݈͉ٛͅఉ̩͈࣭ș̥ͣ࿹୆৽݅৪̦ਬͤ͘Ȅ‫̫̤࣭ͅڎ‬ͥ੗ଘ‫͂ڠش‬؊ဥ‫͈ڠش‬อో̞݈̾̀ͅა̱Ȅ੿ြ͈࿹୆‫͂ݪࡄڠ‬৘க഼ႁ͈༷࢜଻ͬা̱̹ȃల࣭֚ٝष࿹୆‫ڠ‬݈͉ٛȄ‫̩׿‬ၗ̹࣭ͦș͈૽ș̦փࡉͬ࢐̳۟ͥ‫ܥ‬ٛͬဓ̢̹̭͂ͅ‫̢̀ح‬Ȅ২ٛ஠๊ͅ࿹୆‫ͅڠ‬చ̳ͥࢩ̞‫۾‬૤̹̱̹ͬͣ͜ 7ȃȁ݈͉ٛঅ͈̾໦‫ش‬ٛͅ໦̥̞̹ͦ̀ȃల֚໦‫ش‬͉ٛ́֒ഥ͈࿚ఴ̦եͩͦȄ৽֒ͅഥ͈૸ఘഎ௰࿂͂։ਅ࢐෻࿚ఴ̞̾̀ͅა̲ࣣ̹̽ȃలඵ໦‫ش‬͉ٛ́Ȅ࿹୆‫̦ڠ‬২ٛ‫͂ڠش‬Ⴄঃ͈ࡄ‫ݪ‬ͅ‫̞̀̾ͅޣג̳͖ݞ‬ਬಎഎ̈́൦݈̦࣐̹ͩͦȃల२໦‫ش‬͉ٛȄ࿹୆‫͈ၙ༹̦ڠ‬ଷ೰̷͈͂৘ঔͅ‫ͬޣג̳͖ݞ‬ե̹̽ȃలঅ໦‫ش‬͉ٛ́Ȅ‫ڞ‬ၗ͂౯ਅ̞̠͂਀౲ͬဥ̞̀ȶະഐ৪ȷ͈୆૓ͬஷগ༹̳༷ͥ͂Ȅ࿹୆‫ڠ‬എ̈́ၑேͬຽ‫̵̭̯̀̽͂ͥ͢ͅݞ‬ȶഐ৪ȷ͈୆૓ͬ੻႗༹̳༷̦݈ͥა̯̹ͦȃ੄ๅ̯̹ͦა໲ତ͉ȄΑβͼϋˍུȄͼΗςͺ˔ུȄΟϋζȜ·ˍུȄͺις΃˕ུȄͼΆςΑˑུȄέρϋΑ˒ུȄασΆȜˍུȄΦσ;ͿȜˍུȄΡͼΜˍུ̜̹́̽ȃ− 96 −లඵ࣭ٝष࿹୆‫ڠ‬݈̭͈ٛͦͣა໲͉Ȅ඿ဘ঱ঘཌၚȄๆऻȄ૸ఘࠁఠ̤̫ͥͅ૽ਅഎओ։Ȅईࠬ঱͈‫̯৻ݹ‬Ȅँ༹֧Ȅͺσ΋Ȝσಎඉ̧̭̯̽̀֨ܳͦͥ֒͢ͅഥഎવ‫ٺ‬Ȅ଻ພȄȶະഐ৪ȷͅచ̳ͥ‫ޑ‬ଷ౯ਅ̈́̓ͬ৾ͤե̞̹̽̀ȃ̩৾ͤ͢ષ̬̹ͣͦდఴ͉Ȅࢥު࣭̤̫ͥͅ‫ز‬௼ܰ࿅͈‫̈́ࠣݢ‬ੀ઀̷̦͂ͦȶ૽ਅ͈ুफ़ȷ̦̞̠̾̈́ͥ͂ͅ࠼ැ̜̹́̽ 8ȃˎȅలඵ࣭ٝष࿹୆‫ڠ‬݈ٛȁల࣭֚ٝष࿹୆‫ڠ‬݈ٛ́හྵ̯̹ͦુ୭࣭ष࿹୆‫ڠ‬տ֥ٛȪPermanent International Eugenics
Committeeȫ͈ల֚ٝտ֥̦ٛ 1913 ාͅΩς́‫ٳ‬ट̯ͦȄలඵٝտ֥͉ٛ 1914 ා˔࠮ͅασΆȜ́‫ٳ‬ट̯ͦͥထ೰̜̹̦́̽Ȅల֚ষଲ‫ٮ‬ఱ୽̽̀͢ͅඞझ̱̹ȃ1915 ාͅలඵ࣭ٝष࿹୆‫ڠ‬݈̦ٛͺις΃́‫ٳ‬ट̯̭̞̹̦ͦͥ͂̈́̽̀ͅȄల֚ষଲ‫ٮ‬ఱ୽ْ͈̹̭͈͉͛ࠗͅ
৘࣐̯̥̹ͦ̈́̽ȃ1919 ා 10 ࠮ͅठ͍տ֥̦ٛ‫ٳ‬ट̯ͦȄ1920 ා̥ 21 ාͅ൚੝͈ထ೰೒ͤͺις΃́లඵ࣭ٝष࿹୆‫ڠ‬݈ٛͬ‫ٳ‬ट̳̭ࣣͥ͂́փ̱̹ȃ1920 ාশത͈́տ֥͈ٛࢹ଼࣭͉Ȅͺις΃ȄασΆȜȄͼΆςΑȄ΂ȜΑΠρςͺȄΟϋζȜ·ȄέρϋΑȄͼΗςͺȄΦσ;ͿȜȄΑ;ͿȜΟΰ̜̹̽ 9ȃȁలඵ࣭ٝष࿹୆‫ڠ‬݈͉ٛȄ1921 ා˕࠮ 22 ඾̥ͣ 28 ඾ͅΣνȜπȜ·͈ͺις΃ুடঃฎ໤‫ٳ́܁‬ट̯ͦȄ‫܁‬ಿ͈΂ΒδȜϋ̦݈ಿ̹̈́̽ͅȃ४‫ح‬৪͉ͅȄ֒ഥ‫ڠ‬৪Ȅ୆໤‫ڠ‬৪Ȅൡࠗ‫ڠ‬৪Ȅ૽႒‫ڠ‬৪Ȅ̷̱̀‫͈࣭ڎ‬࿹୆‫ފڠ‬͈ٛయນ৪̦̈́̓‫̹̞̀ͦ͘܄‬ȃ΋υϋΫͺఱ‫ڠ‬తहಎ݈ٛͅͅ੄୘̱̹ࣞ५ࠩͦ͊͢ͅȄ1912 ා͈ల࣭֚ٝष࿹୆‫ڠ‬݈͉ٛͅȄ඾ུ̥͉ͣ‫ނ‬സೱ࣭ఱ‫ڠ‬యນ৪̱͂̀ಱ‫ז‬२਱჊̦੄୘̱̹ȃ̱̥̱͉ࣽٝȄ඾ུ̥͉֚ͣ૽͈యນ৪͜੄୘̵̴Ȅ඾ུ૽͉ࣞ५͂Ȅ൚শ΃ȜΥΆȜࡄ‫ݪ‬ਫ਼́଻͈໦‫࡙͈ܳا‬࿚ఴͬࡄ‫׆ྜྷ̹̞̱̀ݪ‬಑Ք͈ඵ૽͈͙̜̹́̽ 10ȃȁ݈ಿ͈΂ΒδȜϋ͉ȶ‫͈ࠞۥ‬Օग़ȷ͈ಎ́Ȅ1921 ා͈࣭ष࿹୆‫ڠ‬݈ٛ͂ജা͈ଽহഎփ݅ͬྶ̥̱̹ͣͅȃȶଲ‫ٮ‬ঃષȄ૽ਅ͈අৗ͂٨஝ͅ‫࣭̳ͥ۾‬ष݈̦࡛ٛह͕̓ਹါ̈́শ͉̞̈́͂এ̠ȃଲ‫ٮ‬ఱ୽‫͈ܢ‬ၰଈ‫̫̤ͥͅא‬Ք࣭എ̈́ুࡨ݂୅́ȄπȜυΛΩ͉‫ة‬ଲ‫̹ͥͩ͜ͅܮ‬໲ྶ͈֒ॲ͈ఉ̩ͬ৐̞Ȅ̷͉ͦࠨ̱̀৾ͤ࿗̧̳̭̦̞͂́̈́ȃπȜυΛΩ͈֚໐͉́২͈ٛड՛ါள̦࿹ସ̈́ͤͅȄड஝ါள̦෫ٟ̯ͦͥ‫̜̦ͥͦޔ‬ȷȃ̷̱̀Ȅଲ‫૽࣭́ڎٮ‬ਅ٨ၻ͉։̈́ͥအ௖ͬ೮̱̞̀ͥ͂ঐഊ̱̹ȃΑ΃ϋΟͻ΢όͻͺ੨࣭͉́ཤ༷૽ਅ͈ୈ૰എȄ౶എȄൽඃഎȄ૸ఘഎ‫ث‬౵̦૧̹ͅບ‫̤̯ͤ̀ͦث‬Ȅ֊ਯ̽̀ࠣ͢ͅࡘ̵̯͉̞̞̠̦̀̈́ͣ̈́͂࠙࣬੄̯̞̦ͦ̀ͥȄཤ༷૽ਅ͈࿩฼໦͉ͺις΃ͅਯ̞̱ͭ́ͥ͂̀Ȅͺις΃̞͉̾̀ͅষ͈̠͢ͅ੆͓̹ȃȶͺις΃͉́੭șͅȄ‫૽̦ޏ۪֗͞ޗ‬ਅഎ‫ث‬౵ͬआུഎͅ་ِ̢̭͉̞ͥ͂̈́͂ș͉ু‫̧̞̠̳ͥ̀̀̽̈́ͥ͢ͅژ‬ȃِș͉Ȅဝ̨̞ͥ̈́ଽຸ͈݅ྩ͂ୣහͬ‫ވ‬ခ̳͈ͥͅະഐ৪͈ව࣭ͬཡ̪̭͂̽̀͢ͅȄႤঃഎ̈́‫ވ‬გଷͬ֋঵഼̱̠͂͢ႁ̧̱̹̀ȃ̳͓͈̀૽‫͉ۼ‬໹൝̈́ࡀ၌͂݅ྩͬ঵̽̀୆̞̠ͦͥ͂͘ͺις΃ྦྷ৽৽͈݅૯͈ୈ૰͉Ȅ̳͓͈̀− 97 −ີ५ఱ‫૽ڠ‬໲‫ڠ‬໐‫ܮ‬ါ૽‫͉ۼ‬໹൝̈́૽‫ু͂ڒ‬໦ু૸‫͍ݞ‬ఈ৪ͬ‫ۯ‬ၑ̳ͥෝႁͬ঵̽̀୆̞̠ͦͥ͂͘ଽহഎᬤ༕Ȅ‫ݞ‬͍‫̦֒ޏ۪͂֗ޗ‬ഥഎવ‫ͬٺ‬௖फ़̳̞̠ͥ͂‫֗ޗ‬എᬤ༕͂ई൳̧̯̹ͦ̀ȷȪ‫ࡔ಺ޑ‬໲ȫ11ȃȁ΂ΒδȜϋ͈փࡉ͉Ȅȶୈ૰എȄ౶എȄൽඃഎȄ૸ఘഎ‫ث‬౵ȷ̦࿹̞ͦ̀ͥཤ༷૽ਅ͂ȄȶႤঃഎ̈́‫ވ‬გଷȷͬ‫̷̳̥ͦޞ‬ո‫͈ٸ‬πȜυΛΩ૽ਅͬߊ༆̱Ȅ‫ވ‬გ࣭ঌྦྷ͂ཤ༷૽ਅ͈අࡀ͈‫۾‬Ⴒ଻ͬே೰̱̞̹̀ȃ̷̱̀Ȅฒ૽‫͈ۼ‬໹൝ͅ‫͉ࣾ݅৽৽ྦྷ̩̿ܖ‬ඳ̜́ͥ͂੆͓̞̹̀ȃ̶̈́̈́ͣȄ‫૽͉́ޏ۪֗͞ޗ‬ਅഎ‫ث‬౵͉་̢̧̭͉̞̥̜ͥ͂́̈́ͣ́ͥȃਲ̭͈݈͈̽̀ٛ࿒എ͉Ȅষ͈̠͢ͅ୰ྶ̯̹ͦȃȶ̭͈݈͈ٛ࠺୭എୈ૰͉Ḙ͈̠̏̈́͢૽႒͈઀໦႒Ȯ౷ಎ٬૽ਅȄͺσίΑ૽ਅȄཤ༷૽ਅȯ͈‫ڎ‬ș͈๼ඃ͂‫ث‬౵Ȅ‫͍ݞ‬ฒ૗૽ਅȄκϋΌυͼΡȄࣱ૗૽ਅ̱͂̀౶ͣͦͥఱ໦႒͈ຈါ଻ͬၑٜ̳̭̜ͥ͂́ͥȃ̭͈ͦͣ૽ਅ̦ະ་́ࡔ੝͈අಭͬ‫̱̀͂ࡥږ‬༗঵̳ͥၑဇ͉Ḙ̏ͦ́͘ͅอࡉ̯̹ͦड͜հ೰̱̹໤ৗࠁఠ͉୆૓ৗ̜́ͤȄ֒ഥ̷͉ͦͅऒֲ̯̥̜ͦͥͣ́ͥȷ12ȃȁ̷̱̀΂ΒδȜϋ͉Ȅȶ‫ވ‬გଷ͈‫ܖ‬யͬಃ̩ȷཤ༷૽ਅ̜́ͥΣνȜͼϋΈρϋΡ૽͈ࠬൡ͈ం௽ͬ‫ͬ݅৽૽ࡢ̳̥ޞ‬๡฻̱̹ȃȶ19 ଲ‫ ̥ͣྎܮ‬20 ଲ‫ܮ‬੝൮͉ͅȄࠝ੅͞໲‫̫̺̈́́ڠ‬̩২ٛଷഽ̤̞̀͜ͅȄًࠣ̈́ࡢ૽৽݅͂ࡤ͈̦͊ͦͥ͜ࡉ̹ͣͦȃ‫ز‬௼͈ం௽ͬ‫૽ࡢ̳̥ޞ‬৽̜݅́ͥȤȤȃΣνȜͼϋΈρϋΡ͉́Ȅ֚ଲ‫ͅۼ͈ܮ‬ఉঊ‫ز‬௼̥֚ͣ૽ঊ‫ز‬௼ͅ֊࣐̱̹ȃ੗ࠬΣνȜͼϋΈρϋΡ૽͉Ȅু໦ু૸͈ঊ‫ͬރ‬঵̞̞̽̀̈́ȃষ͈౲‫͉ٴ‬Ȅঊ‫̞̞͈ࠫ̈́ރ‬ँ̭͈࣭͈͂‫ވ‬გଷ͈‫ܖ‬யͬಃ̩ࠬൡ͈୲྽̜́ͥȷȃ΂ΒδȜϋ͉̭͈݈͈ٛୈ૰ͬḘ͈̠̏͢ͅई၄̱࣏෱̱̹২ٛͬٝ໘̵̯̭̜ͥ͂́ͥ͂ࠫაັ̫̹ȃȶজ͉Ȅ‫ڢ‬۷৽݅৪͉͂ম৘ͬೄণ̳̦ͥࠨ̷̱̀ͦͅ৐བ̱̞̈́૽̜́ͥ͂ࣉ̢̞̀ͥȃ‫ڢ̫̤ͥͅڠش‬۷৽݅৪͉͂Ȅई၄̱࣏෱̱̹২ٛͬٝ໘̵ུ̯̹ͥ͛ͅৗͬഔೲഎͅ಺͓ೄ̳૽̜́ͥȃ̭̦ͦȄ࿹୆‫͈ڠ‬஻ই৪έρϋΏΑȆΌσΠϋ͈࠺୭എୈ૰̜̹́̽ȃজ̷͉̦ͦḘ͈݈͈̏ٛ‫ུ̜͂ͥ́ܖ‬૞̲̞̀ͥȃ֒ഥ͈ड՛͂ड஝ͬ౶̭ͥ͂Ȅड஝ͬ༗ࢌ̱஖఼̳̭ͥ͂Ḙ̦̏ͦͣ૽‫ۼ‬২͈ٛ੿ြ͈อജ̤̞̀ͅड͜ਹါ̭̜̈́͂́ͥȷ13ȃ΂ΒδȜῧ̽̀ͅȄཤ༷૽ਅͬ༗ࢌ̳̭̦ͥ͂২͈ٛอജ̹̳̭͉ͬͣ͂͜Ȅুྶ͈ၑ̜̹́̽ȃȁ݈͉ٛঅ໐࿝ͅ໦̥̞̹ͦ̀ȃల֚໐࿝͉ȶ૽‫͂ۼ‬๤‫֒ڛ‬ഥ‫ڠ‬ȷ̞͈̾̀ͅ࿚ఴͬ৾ͤե̞Ȅ൲૒໤̤̫ͥͅ੗ଘ֒ഥ‫͈֒ۼ૽͂ݪࡄ͈ڠ‬ഥ͈ࡄ‫ͬض଼͈ݪ‬া̱̹ȃలඵ໐࿝͉ȶ࿹୆‫ز͂ڠ‬௼ȷͅ‫̱́̀۾‬Ȅ૽‫ز͈ۼ‬௼ͅ‫ͬޣג‬ဓ̢֦ͥঊȄ̷͈̠֦̈́͢ঊ͈ଷࢄȄ‫้͈ࠏز‬૓ႁ͈͂‫߸۾‬Ȅ̷้͈̠̈́͢૓ႁ͈২ٛഎȆ༹എ‫ۯ‬ၑ͈࿚ఴͬ࠿൦̱̹ȃ̹͘Ȅ࿹୆‫ڠ‬എͅ࿹ၻ‫͂ࠏز‬Ⴆ൝‫ࠏز‬͈ঘཌၚ͈ओ։͂Ȅ୽௔Ȇၠ࣐ພȆ໓ാພ͈̈́̓අਂါ֦ͥ͢ͅঘཌၚͅచ̳ͥ‫࠿͜ޣג‬൦̱̹ȃల२໐࿝͉ȶ૽ਅഎओ։ȷ́Ȅ૽ਅഎओ։Ȅଽহഎ‫̯ͥͦ੄ͤै̱̱͊͊̀̽͢ͅޏ࣭͞ٮޏ‬ະুட̈́ਬ౬͂૽ਅഎඅಭͅ‫۾‬૤ͬ‫̵̹̞̀ܙ‬ȃలঅ໐࿝͉ȶ࿹୆‫ز࣭͂ڠ‬ȷ́Ȅ࿹୆‫͈ݪࡄڠ‬৘षഎ؊ဥͅ‫͂ݪࡄ̳ͥ۾‬Ȅ̷͈̠̈́͢อࡉ͈ൽඃȄ‫֗ޗ‬ȄႤঃȄအș̈́২ٛ࿚ఴ͞২ٛ‫׋‬൲͈͒ခဥ଻ͬ৾ͤષ̬̞̹̀ȃ݈͈ٛ࿒എ͉Ȅȶ‫ڟ‬૧എ་‫੻ͬا‬႗̳̭͉̩ͥ͂́̈́Ȅ౳੫ͅ࿹୆‫ڠ‬− 98 −లඵ࣭ٝष࿹୆‫ڠ‬݈ٛഎ‫ܖ‬੔ͬ؊ဥ̳̭̹̯ͥ͂̽̀ͣͦͥ͢͜ͅၻ̞ࠫ‫̠̳̥ͥͣ͢ͅͅྶͬض‬Ȅ੗ଘ࿹୆‫͍ݞڠ‬؊ဥ࿹୆‫̜͈ͥͣ͠ڠ‬დఴͬ࢖໹̷̱̀ͅ႖୓݈ͅა̳̭ͥ͂ȷ̜̹́̽ȃ̶̈́̈́ͣȶ૽‫͉ۼ‬ಿ̞‫ۼ‬Ȅ൲૒໤͈ਅ͈٨஝̷ͦͣͬͅ؊ဥ̳̭ͥ͂ͬ‫̧̹́ͭڠ‬ȷ̥̜ͣ́ͥ 14ȃȁ݈ٛ́อນ̯̹ͦ‫੅ڠ‬ა໲͉Ȅȸ࿹୆‫ڠ‬Ȅ֒ഥ‫ڠ‬Ȅ‫ز‬௼ȪEugenics, Genetics, and the Familyȫȹȸ૽ਅ࣭͂‫̫̤ͥͅز‬࿹୆‫ڠ‬ȪEugenics in Race and Stateȫȹ͈ඵॗུ̹͂͛ͣͦ͘ͅȃა໲͉ࣣࠗ 108 ུ́Ȅͺις΃ 77 ུȄͼΆςΑ 13 ུȄέρϋΑːུȄͼΗςͺːུȄΙͿ΋Αυό͹΅ͺˏུȄΦσ;ͿȜˎུȄ̷̱̀Α΋ΛΠρϋΡȄΙνΣΐͺȄι΅Ώ΋Ȅ΅νȜΨȄͼϋΡ̦‫ུ̹̜̽́ˍڎ‬ȃა໲͈࿩฼໦͉அ૗ఘȄඏட་։Ȅ଻ࠨ೰͈̈́̓‫ܖ‬ய֒ഥ‫̳ͥ͜۾ͅڠ‬͈̜́ͤȄอນ৪͈ఉ̩͉࿹୆‫ڠ‬എ২ٛଽॐ͉ͅ‫۾‬૤ͬ঵̞̥̹̽̀̈́̽ȃॼ͉ͤ࿹୆‫͈ڠ‬ა໲́ඤယ͉ఉ‫̤̹ͤ̀̽ͩͅܚ‬Ȅ߃૶࢐෻Ȅ૽ਅईᙔȄ଼̱̹ࢗ‫ز‬௼̜̞͉ͥప‫ز̹̱ا‬௼͈‫ࠏز‬ঃȄधෝ͈֒ഥȄྚ଼ා৪͈‫੄ز‬Ȅ૽࢛࿚ఴȄ‫֗ޗ‬࿚ఴȄ୽௔͈‫ޣג‬Ȅ‫͈࣭ڎ‬࿹୆‫͈ڠ‬ત̜̹ٚ̈́̓́̽ȪນˍȄນˎȫ15ȃȁ࿹୆‫͈ڠ‬ა໲͈ఉ̩͉Ȅ֒ഥႁ͂૽ਅ͈ప‫ູͅޔ͈͒ا‬ઙതͬ൚̞̹̀̀ȃ႕̢͊ζ΍ΙνȜΓΛΜࢥ‫ش‬ఱ‫͈ڠ‬έτΟςΛ·ȆͺΘθΒȆ;ΛΒȪFrederick Adams Woodsȫ͉Ȅະ໹൝২͈ٛຈட଻̞̾̀ͅࢊͤȄྦྷ৽৽݅എ২ٛಉ੬ࠁ଼ͬ‫ܢ‬ఞ̳̭͉ͥ͂ྫఖ̜́ͥ͂ࠫაັ̫̹ȃȶ͕̓ͦ̓໹൝͂ྦྷ৽৽݅ͬ୆͙੄̳۪‫ޏ‬എ‫ޣג‬ႁͅ‫ܢ‬ఞ̱̀͜Ȅ̷̤̩͉ͣॠఉ̈́෻ߘ৪஖఼Ȅ֒ഥȄ਋̫ࠑ़̦ͦͥॲ͈‫خ‬ෝ଻͈ಇୟ̽̀͢ͅȄ࡛৘എ̈́ࠫ‫͉ض‬฽చ͈༷࢜Ȅ̳̻̈́ͩ‫ݭٴ‬໦‫׫͂ا‬ଝ‫ا‬Ȯ̜ͥ২ٛਬ౬̦̞ࣞ౷պ͈͖̽̀ͅఈ̦೩̞౷պً̞̠͂̓ͥ͂͘ͅ೾̦ಠ̱̩ૺ࣐̱̀‫׫‬ଝࠁ̦ࠁ଼̯̭ͦͥ͂ȯ̥̞̞̠࢜̽̀ͥ͂ࠫͅა͉๰̫ඳ̞̠͢ͅএͩͦͥȷ16ȃȁ૽ਅ٨ၻ़౬ȪHuman Betterment Foundationȫ͈;ͻσΰσηϋȆˡȆΉͼȪWilhelmine E.
Keyȫ͉Ȅȶड૧͈໦ଢ଼͉́Ȅ࣭‫͈ز‬ႁ͈‫ܖ‬ய͉୆໤‫̜ͥ́ڠ‬ȃȤȤِș͉̳̳͘͘Ȅ࣭‫͈ز‬ႁ͈ါ֦͉૽ș͈֒ഥഎඅৗ͂଻̜̞̠࢜ͥ͂ͅࡉٜͬ਋̫ව̠̞ͦͥ̈́̽̀ͥ͢ͅȷ͂֒ഥ͈࣭‫̹̞̀͛෇ͬޣג͈͒ز‬ȃ̱̥̱ఈ༷́Ȅȶ࣭ྦྷ̱͈͂̀༗஠ͬ৻ఘ‫̵࡛̠̯ͥ͢ͅا‬हैဥ̱̞̀ͥ฽࿹୆‫ڠ‬എ‫ޣג‬ႁͬଵୃ̳ͥ਀౲ȷ̱͂̀Ȅȶಎॲ‫ݭٴ‬ȷ̤̞̀ͅఱ‫ز‬௼ͬಃ̩̭͂ͬ‫خ‬ෝ̳ͥͅ۰ள̈́୆‫ڰ‬କ੔͈͒ٝ‫ܦ‬Ȅ૽࢛͈̜ͣͥ͠‫̞̤̀ͅݭٴ‬࿹୆‫ڠ‬എၻ૤଼̳ͬ֗ͥ‫׋֗ޗ‬൲Ȅඊ૸৽݅͞౯ਅ͉̩́̈́ँ֧͂བ̱̞֒͘ഥഎ‫خ‬ෝ଻ͬခ̳ͥ‫ز‬௼͈ࠁ଼͈௯ૺȄࡢ૽͈‫͉͂اޑ‬చચഎ̈́༮ॽ͈‫ٽ‬ැȄ்̩ࠫँ̱̀૶̭̈́ͥ͂ͬͅ‫خ‬ෝ̳ͥͅ਱໦̈́ࠐफഎ಺ାȄͬ‫ ̹̬ݷ‬17ȃȁ୆ͦ͘Ȫ֒ഥȫ̻͂֗Ȫ‫ޏ۪֗͞ޗ‬ȫ̴͈̞̦ͦਹါ̜̥̞̠́ͥ͂࿚ఴ͉݈ა͈എ̜́ͤȄͺτͼϋȆͺͼσρϋΡȪAlleyne Irelandȫ͉ࠫაͬ੄̳̭͂ͬȄ݈ٛͅါ‫̹̱̠̱͂͢ݥ‬ȃȶ૽ș̦৽ͅர୶̷̦̠̜̹̦́̽࡬̷̠̜͈̥́ͥͅȄ̷ͦ͂͜৽ͅ൳শయ૽̦๞ͣͅచ̷̱̠̱̹̦̀࡬̷̠̜͈̥́ͥͬ݃ͅ࿚͈ဒ౷̩̈́౶ͥ́͘Ȅِș͉ˍΡσ͈‫ث‬౵͈ઁාͅ 1,000 Ρ− 99 −ີ५ఱ‫૽ڠ‬໲‫ڠ‬໐‫ܮ‬ါσ͈‫ث‬౵͈‫ޑͬ֗ޗ‬ଷ̱̠̱̞͈̥̠̥͂̀ͥ̓͢Ȅِș͈֊ྦྷ༹̦ͺις΃૽͈ࠬൡͅ౿ྵഎ̈́ఎ၂̹̱̞͈̥̠̥ͬͣ̀ͥ̓͜Ȅ̜̞͉̳̹̱̹͈̥ͥ́ͣ͜ͅȄِș͈ߺ༹̦ພ֭ͬྖ̧̹̳͓͈̈́ͅߺྩਫ਼ͬྖ̹̱̞͈̥̠̥̀ͥ̓Ȅ̳͓͈̀૽șͥ͢ͅଽຸ̦̞̥͉̾Ȅා‫ۼ‬௙‫ڣ‬ତ਱‫ؙ‬Ρσͅో̳࣭ͥ͞ਗ͞౷༷ুহఘ͈ਓවͬ࢖‫ވ‬஝ͅࡋྶ̈́঑੄̳̞̠ͬͥ͂‫ܛ‬བͅआ‫͉̥̠̥͈̜̦̓ͥݶ‬໦̥̞ͣ̈́ȃਲ̽̀জ͉Ȅ֒ഥ۪͂‫͈ޏ‬࿚ఴ͈࡛ેͅ‫಺̱̀۾‬औȆ༭̱࣬Ȅِș͈౶েͅ‫࡛̳ͥ۾‬ह͈‫ڒ‬ओོ̹ͬ͛ͥ͛ͅຈါ༹༷̈́ͬ೹մ̱Ȅଲ‫ٮ‬ಎ͈஠‫֗ޗ‬‫̷͈ͅ۾ܥ‬࿚ఴͅ‫ڠش̳ͥ۾‬എૂ༭ͬ୹ഥْ̳ͥࠗͬॐ೰̳̹͈ͥ͛տ֥ٛͬහྵْ̳ͥࠗͬȄ݈ٛͅଔ੻̳ͥȷȪ‫ࡔ಺ޑ‬໲ȫ18ȃȁ̷͈̠̈́͢տ֥̦ٛහྵ̯̹̥̠̥ܱͦ̓჏͉া̱̞̞̦̀̈́Ḙ͈̏లඵ࣭ٝष࿹୆‫ڠ‬݈ٛͬ‫଼̹̯ͦࠫͅܥ‬ͺις΃࿹୆‫ފڠ‬͉ٛȄ̻֗ͤ͢͜୆ͦͬ͘ਹণ̱̞̹̀ȃոષ͈̠͢ͅȄలඵ࣭ٝष࿹୆‫ڠ‬݈͉ٛ́Ȅ੗ଘ̈́‫ܖ‬ய‫͈̱֒̀͂ڠش‬ഥ‫۾͈͒ڠ‬૤͂Ȅ֒ഥͅ‫̩̿ܖ‬୆໤‫ڠ‬എ࿹Ⴆ͈ంहͬஜ೹̱̹͂࿹୆‫ڠ‬എ২ٛଽॐ͈͒‫۾‬૤̦Ȅໝॠͅईह̱̞̹̀ȃ20 ଲ‫͈ܮ‬ड
੝͈ 20 ා‫ͅۼ‬ͺις΃͈࿹୆‫͉ڠ‬Ȅ‫ز‬಄͈஠๊എ٨஝̥ͣ૽‫ْ͈ࠗۼ‬എ้૓̷͈͒͂‫۾‬૤ͬ‫͛ޛ‬Ȅ૽႒ͬ٨஝̳̹͈ͥ͛֒ഥഎ‫ۯ‬ၑͅ಍࿒̳̠̹͈̜ͥ̈́̽́ͥ͢ͅ 19ȃˏȅജাٛȁలඵ࣭ٝष࿹୆‫ڠ‬݈͈ٛ‫ٳ‬टฺ̽̀ͅȄ࿹୆‫̷͈͍ݞݪࡄ͈ڠ‬৘षഎ؊ဥͅ‫̳ͥ۾‬ജা̦ٛ˕࠮ 22 ඾̥ͣ 10 ࠮ 22 ඾́͘ͺις΃ুடঃฎ໤‫̹̥ͦٳ́܁‬ȃ੄ജ৪͉ 131 ྴ́Ȅৢ૯Ȅ‫ࠏز‬଎Ȅ૽࢛൲ఠൡ͈ࠗ଎ນȄ൲૒໤͞૽‫͈֒ۼ‬ഥ༹͈௱ͬা̳঩ၳȄ൲ْȄ૽ਅ͈་஗ͬা̳౷଎͞ນȄ૽ఘ௶೰௡౾Ȅୈ૰௶೰௡౾Ȅ࿹୆‫֒͞ڠ‬ഥ‫ڠ‬എါ֦ͅ‫ུ̦̳̓̈́ͥ۾‬ജা̯̹ͦ 20ȃවાၳ͉ྫၳ́Ȅ࢖৆͉ܱͅ჏̯̞̞̦ͦ̀̈́Ȅജা࢖‫ٳ‬ಎ 5,000 ૽̥ͣ 10,000 ૽̦ജাͬངͦȄ̷͈̠̻ 821 ૽̦ȶ࿹୆‫ͅݪࡄڠ‬చ̳ͥඅ༆̈́‫۾‬૤͂ȄႲཆ݈ٛ͂ജা͈࿒എͬଔૺ̱̹̞̞̠͂‫ܐ‬བȷͬা̳ഴ჏༧ͅ੤ྴ̱̹͂Ȅജাտ֥ٛտ֥ಿΧςȜȆˤȆρέςϋȪHarry
H. Laughlinȫ͉੆͓̞̀ͥȃ̹͘࿹୆ܱ჏ޫ̥͈ͣ੄୘৪͞մඤ৪̦Ȅ୲̴̢ജা͈ٜ୰࿨ͬ
ྩ̹͛ 21ȃജা͉Ȅȶຽ೒͈౶଻ͬ঵̻‫ͬ֗ޗ‬਋̫̞̀ͦ͊Ȅඅ༆̈́‫ڠش‬എ߱Ⴏ͉਋̫̞̩̀̈́̀͜ယօͅၑٜ̱ບ‫̧̦̭̳ͥ́͂ͥث‬ȷ̠͈̜̹̈́́̽͢͜ȃ̷͉ͦȄȶ֒ഥȷȶ૽‫ز͈ۼ‬௼ȷȶ૽ਅ͈ါ֦ȷȶ؊ဥ࿹୆‫ڠ‬ȷȶඅ༆̈́ଷഽ༹༷͂ȷ͈ࡼ໐࿝ͅ໦̥̞̹ͦ̀ 22ȃȁ๼੅ঃ‫ز‬ιͺςȜȆ˧Ȇ΋έͿͼȪMary K. Coffeyȫ͉Ȅ1921 ා͈లඵ࣭ٝष࿹୆‫ڠ‬݈̥ٛ
ͣ 1932 ා͈ల२࣭ٝष࿹୆‫ڠ‬݈͈ٛ́͘‫ۼ‬Ȅͺις΃ুடঃฎ໤‫ͅ܁‬ജা̯̞̹ͦ̀ȶ໹޳എ̈́ͺις΃૽౳଻ȪThe Average American Maleȫȷ̞̠͂ಬ௨̞̾̀ͅ໦ଢ଼̱̞̀ͥȃΐͿȜϋȆΘόͿϋεȜΠȆΧςΑȪJane Davenport Harrisȫ̽̀͢ͅଷै̷̯̹͈ͦಬ௨͉Ȅల֚ষଲ‫ٮ‬ఱ୽ಎ͈ͺις΃ၘ߳૧໶̥ͣਓਬ̯̹ͦ૸ఘ௶೰౵ͬȄ୞࣍́ఘ࡛̱̞̹̀ȃ̷͈̠̈́͢૸ఘࠗ௶ࡄ‫ ͉ݪ‬19 ଲ‫̥ͣྎܮ‬Ȅအș̈́ๆऻ৪͞୺࿝‫ز‬Ȅ̷̱̀૽ਅഎȶ߿ȷͬ໦ଢ଼̳̹ͥ

− 100 −లඵ࣭ٝष࿹୆‫ڠ‬݈ٛ͛ͅ࿹୆৽݅৪ో̽̀͢ͅဥ̞ͣͦȄশ͉ͅৢ૯ͬ၌ဥ̱̀ণ‫ژ‬എͅା๵̧̯̹ͦ̀ȃಬ௨͉̭̭̥̯̠֚ͣͣ͜ͅ༜൩͙ࣺͭ́Ȅȶ໹޳എ̈́߿ȷͬ२ষࡓ‫̹̱ا‬ȃ΋έͿͼ͉Ȅ1921 ා̥
ͣ 1932 ා͈‫ͅۼ‬ȶ໹޳എͺις΃૽౳଻ȷ௨͈ٜ৷̦་‫̭̹̱ͬ͂ا‬া̱̞̀ͥȃड੝ͅജা̯̹ͦশȄȶ໹޳എͺις΃૽౳଻ȷ௨͉ȶΧȜό͹ȜΡ͈‫׋‬൲஖਀ȪHarvard Athleteȫȷ̞̠͂ಬ௨͂చ̤̈́̽̀ͤͅȄ̷͈చચ͉Ȅཤ༷૽ਅ͈ప‫̷̦ͦا‬೾ૺ‫̞̞̱̈́̀ا‬ฒ૽ਅ͈͂ईᙔ̧̭̯̭̽̀֨ܳͦͥ͂ͬ͢ͅা̱̞̹̀ȃ̱̥̱̦̈́ͣȄ֊ྦྷଷࡠ༹೒ً̥ͣ˔ාࢃ͈
1932 ා͉ͅȄȶ໹޳എͺις΃૽౳଻ȷ௨͉Ȅ໹޳എͺις΃૽౳଻̦੄୆ၚ͈ओ̽̀͢ͅప‫̳ͥا‬ಣ࢓ٜ̯̹͂ͦȃ΋έͿͼ͉Ȅ࿹୆৽݅৪̦࣭‫͈֒ز‬ഥഎଚప͈৽ါࡔ֦̱͂̀ઁତ͈ঊ‫̥̱ރ‬୆̞̈́͘ฒ૽ಎॲ‫ͬ֗ޗ͈ݭٴ‬਋̫̹੫଻ͅ࿒̫̠ͬ࢜ͥ̈́ͥ̾ͦ̀͢ͅͅȄಬ௨͈ٜ৷͜་‫৽̹̱͂ا‬ಫ̱̞̀ͥ 23ȃȁ΋έͿͼͦ͊͢ͅȄΘόͿϋεȜΠ͈ȶ໹޳എͺις΃૽౳଻ȷ௨͉Ȅ֊ྦྷ̽̀͢ͅͺις΃͈૽ਅ̦Ⴆ‫̠̞̞̱͂ͥ̀ا‬࿹୆৽݅৪͈࠙࣬ͅచ̳ͥ฽ა͈ဒ౷͈̞̈́ণ‫ژ‬എબྶ̱͂̀‫ܥ‬ෝ̱̹ȃȶΧȜό͹ȜΡ͈‫׋‬൲஖਀ȷ௨͈ႁ‫̞ޑ‬ၑே‫૸̹̯ͦا‬ఘ͂చચഎ̈́Ȅ໹޳എ౳଻͈ळ̞ࡈȄཛྷ̺ͣͭໜȨ̏֨೿̹̽͘޼රழ૕͈ࠧශ͉Ȅ୶͈̭͂ͬࣉ̴̢ͅႦ൝̈́πȜυΛΩ૽ਅ͂ईᙔ̱̹ࠫ‫ض‬ȄȪฒ૽͈ȫͺις΃૽͈૸ఘ̦ప‫̭̞̱ͬ͂ͥ̀ا‬փྙ̱̞̹̀ȃ1921 ා͈ജা͈ࡉ‫ڠ‬৪͂̽̀ͅȄȶΧȜ;͹ȜΡ͈‫׋‬൲஖਀ȷ௨͉Ȅ࿹୆৽݅৪̦֊ྦྷଽॐ̽̀͢ͅȶခ૗૽ਅ͈௩‫ح‬ȷ̥ͣ༗ࢌ̱̹̞͂བ̞ͭ́ͥȶͺις΃૽ȷ͈યಭ̱͈͂̀ͺϋΈυȆ΍·Εϋͬা̱̞̹̀ȃȶ୶ഛഎ̈́අৗ‫૽͍ݞ‬ਅ͂‫ز‬௼͈‫ͅྵ׋‬අͅ‫۾‬૤ͬ঵̞̽̀ͥ૽șȷ͉Ȅฒ૽࿹‫̠̞͂ק‬ஜ೹ͬఅ̠̭̩̈́͂̈́Ȅȶ໹޳എ̈́ͺις΃૽ȷ௨ͬু໦ో͂๤‫̦̱̈́ڛ‬ͣΧȜό͹ȜΡ͈‫׋‬൲஖਀͈ၑேͅ൶̧̭̦̹ͦͥ͂́ 24ȃȁ1921 ාͅ࿹୆৽݅৪̦̲̞̹ۜ̀૽ਅ͈ప‫ͅا‬చ̳ͥྶฒ̈́୨ท͉ۜȄ֊ྦྷଽॐͅ‫ͬޣג‬ဓ̢Ȅ࿹୆‫ୃͬڠ‬൚‫̹̱ا‬ȃඅͅജা͉Ȅ࿹୆‫ͬڠ‬ఱਤ‫̱ا‬Ȅͺις΃͈૽ਅͬ੿ြഎͅ༗ࢌ̳̹͉ͥ͛ͅ࿹୆‫ڠ‬എଽॐ̦ຈါ̜̞̠̭́ͥ͂͂ͬȄၛ༹৪ͅොං̵̯ͥୣහͬ໅̞̹̽̀ȃਲ̽̀Ȅ݈֥͂ȶ୶ഛഎ̈́අৗ‫૽͍ݞ‬ਅ͂‫ز‬௼͈‫ͅྵ׋‬අͅ‫۾‬૤ͬ঵̞̽̀ͥ૽șȷͅȄඅ༆ઉఞે̦௣̹ͣͦ 25ȃྫଷࡠ͈֊ྦྷ͈‫ͅޣג‬చ̳ͥ࿹୆৽݅৪͈࠼ැ͉ȄȶทͤြͥȸιͼέρχȜ࣢ȹ͈ঊః͈ક྽ȷȶ֊ྦྷ͂ͺις΃୆͈ͦ͘௩‫ͥ͢ͅح‬ͺις΃͈૽࢛௩‫ح‬ȷȶအș࣭̥͈̈́ͣͺις΃͈͒֊ྦྷȷȶ֊ྦྷ͈ࠫँ͂੄୆ၚȷ͂ఴ̯̹ͦ଎ນͅྶ̥̜̹ͣ́̽ȃ͈̠̱̓̀͢ͅ૸ఘ͂ୈ૰͈ࠗ௶࣐̠͈̥ͬȄ̜̞͉͈̠ͥ̓֒͢ͅഥ༹͈௱̦ࠨ೰̯͈̥ͦͥͬ‫ࠏز‬଎́୰ྶ̱̞̀ͥജা͉Ȅ࿹୆‫༹༷͈ͬڠ‬۷‫ͅݖ‬ຽ‫͈̳ͥͅݞ‬࿨ၛ̹̽ȃ̷͈ಎ́͜า̧ͭ੄̞̹͈͉̀Ȅൡ̷͈ࠗ͂ণ‫اژ‬Ȅৢ૯̜̹́̽ȃȶ࿹ၻȷ‫͞ࠏز‬ȶႦ൝ȷ‫ͬࠏز‬೏୥̳ͥ‫ࠏز‬଎ͅ‫̢̀ح‬Ȅခྴఱ‫ڠ͈ڠ‬୆֓͞঍Ȅഘൽ෯৬͈৬ઊȄତ‫ڠ‬৪Ȅ஠ༀ‫ڠش‬ͺ΃ΟηȜ͈ιϋΨȜ͈̈́̓ৢ૯̜̹̽͜ȃ̭͈ͦͣৢ૯͉Ȅ࿹୆ܱ჏ޫ̽̀͢ͅ೹੄̯ͦȄ൳̲‫୺͞ݭٴ‬࿝૖͈૽ș͈ȶಠ̱̞႒যȷͬা̱̞̀ͥ͂৽ಫ̯̹ͦ 26ȃ̭͈ͦͣ႕͉Ȅ૽‫ٸ͈ۼ‬۷͂ே௨ષ

− 101 −ີ५ఱ‫૽ڠ‬໲‫ڠ‬໐‫ܮ‬ါ͈୶ഛഎ̈́धෝ͞ளৗ̦‫̠̞̞̱͂ͥ̀߸۾‬࿹୆‫ڠ‬എଔ೰̤̞̀ͅȄৢ૯̦બ‫ै͂ݶ‬ဥ̱̞̭̀ͥ͂ͬা̱̞̀ͥȃȁฒ૽ࣱ͂૽͈థ঱ͬ๤‫̞̱ͥ̀ڛ‬ജা͉́Ȅ૽ਅഎओ։͈ࡔ֦ͬ૸ఘࠗ௶ͅտ͇̞̹̀ȃ΃ȜΥΆȜࡄ‫ݪ‬ਫ਼͈อ୆‫ڠ‬৪˝ȆˤȆΏνσΜȪA. H. Schultzȫฎআ̽̀͢ͅ੔๵̯̹ͦജা͉Ȅ૽‫੄͈ۼ‬୆ஜ͈อ֗౲‫૽̫̤ͥͅٴ‬ਅഎओ։ͬ৾ͤե̞̹̽̀ȃ̷͉ͦঊ‫ݠ‬ඤอ֗ಎ͈˕਩‫ۼ‬
̥ͣ 14 ਩‫͈ۼ‬Ȅ455 ૽͈ฒ૽͂ 168 ૽ࣱ͈૽͈థ঱ͬ໦ଢ଼̱Ȅ̷͈ओ։ͬո‫̠͈͢ͅئ‬Ⴅ‫ݷ‬̱̞̹̀ȃȶ̳͓͈̀਩͈థ঱̤̞̀ͅȄฒ૽ࣱͤ͢͜૽͈༷̦ષუȆஜუঐດ̦ఱ̧̩Ȅ̷ࣱ͉ͦ૽͈థ঱̦ષუ͂๤‫̱̀ڛ‬ஜუ̦ಿ̞̭͂ͬা̱̞̀ͥȃ൳အͅȄࣱ૽͈థ঱͉ఱద໐͂๤‫ݗ̱̀ڛ‬໐̦ಿ̩Ȅ̷଼͉ͦಿ̧̳͉̱̩ͥ̾ͦ̀̽ͤ̀ͥͅȃ‫͂ݗ‬൳အ਀͜Ȅฒ૽͈థ঱͈༷̦ઁ̱ౣ̩̀໙̦ࢩ̞ȃฒ૽̤̞͉̀ͅȄఉ̩͈ાࣣలඵঐ͂లঅঐ͉൳̲ಿ̯́Ȅ̱̱͊͊లඵঐ͈༷̦లঅঐͤ͢ಿ̞ȃ̱̥̱Ȅࣱ૽̤̫̭͈ͥͦͣͅঐ͈ಿ̯͈‫͉߸۾‬Ȅ๱ુͅఉ̩͈ાࣣలঅঐ͈༷̦ಿ̩Ȅలඵঐͤ͢ౣ̞̭͉̞͂̈́ȃఈ͈ঐ͂๤‫૶̹̱ڛ‬ঐ͈ಿࣱ̯͉૽͈༷̦ౣ̞̦Ȅ̷͈ओ։͉་̭̩ͩͥ͂̈́ঊ‫ݠ‬ඤอ֗ಎ࿒ၛ̞̽̀ͥȃࣱ૽͈థ঱ͤ͢͜ฒ૽͈༷̦ఉ̩͈ાࣣల֚௷ঐ̦ಿ̞̦Ȅలඵ௷ঐ͉ఉ̩͈ાࣱࣣ૽͈༷̦ಿ̞ȃࣱ૽͉ฒ૽̥̥̦̞ͤ͂ࣞ͢͜ȃൻఘ͉ͅ૽ਅഎओ։͉ࡉ̞ͣͦ̈́ȃ൮໐̞͉̾̀ͅȄࣱ૽͈థ঱̤̞̀ͅෞ͈໐໦̦๤႕̱̀઀̯̩Ȅ܏͈໐໦̦๤႕̱̀ఱ̧̞ȃ̳͓͈̀อ֗౲‫̞̤̀ͅٴ‬Ȅࣱ૽͈థ঱͈༷̦๽͉๤‫ڛ‬എౣ̩̀໙̦ࢩ̩Ȅၰ૽ਅ͈๽ঐତͅಠ̱̞ओ։̹̱̞ͬͣ̀ͥ͜ȃළૡࢃ‫͉ͅܢ‬Ȅࣱ૽͈๽ࢢ͉‫༷࢜؍‬Ȅฒ૽͈๽ࢢ͉࿦ે༷̥̠࢜࢜ͅȃૠࣱ͉૽͈థ঱̴͈༷̦࢚̞̽͂ȷ27ȃ̷̤̩ͣ࿹୆৽݅৪͂̽̀ͅड͜ਹါ̜̹͈͉́̽Ȅෞ໐໦͈ఱ̧̯͈૽ਅഎओ։̜̹́̽ȃథ঱͈ෞ͈ఱ̧̯ͅ‫̴ͣͩ۾‬Ȅ19 ଲ‫͈ۼ૽̥ͣܮ‬൮‫͈ڀ‬๤‫̱̱͉͊͊௶ࠗڛ‬Ȅ૽ਅओ༆എȆ଻ओ༆എఠഽ͍͂ࠫັ̞̞̹̥̜̀ͣ́ͥȃȁոષ͈̠͢ͅȄ࣭ष࿹୆‫ڠ‬݈̤̫ٛͥͅജা͉Ȅͺις΃୆͈ͦࠬ͘ൡͬ༗ࢌ̳̹͉ͥ͛ͅ‫͈̥ͣة‬࿹୆‫ڠ‬എଽॐ̦ຈါ̜̞̠̭́ͥ͂͂ͬȄ๊݈֥֚͞ఱਤͅොං̵̯ͥ࿨‫ͬڬ‬౜̞̹̽̀ȃ଎ນ̽̀͢ͅൡࠗͬণ‫̱اژ‬Ȅ‫ࠏز‬଎͞ৢ૯ͬঀဥ̳̭ͥ͂̽̀͢ͅȄ࿹୆৽݅৪͉ু໦ో͈৽ಫ̦฽ა͈ဒ౷͈̞̈́ࠐࡑഎম৘̜̭́ͥ͂ͬબྶ̱̠̱̹͂͢ȃജা͉Ȅ֊ྦྷ͂ͺις΃୆͈ͦ͘૽࢛௩‫ح‬ၚ͈ओ։ͬ๤‫̱ڛ‬Ȅȶ࿹ၻȷ‫͂ࠏز‬ȶႦ൝ȷ‫̦֒ࠏز‬ഥഎͅࠨ೰̯̞̭ͦ̀ͥ͂ͬা̱Ȅ֊ྦྷࣱ͞૽Ȅຫࣾ৪̈́̓ͬȶະഐ৪ȷ̱͂̀໦႒̱̞̹̀ȃ̷͈ྶ‫̈́ږ‬ଽॐഎ‫܄‬փ͉Ȅ஖఼എ้૓ْ͈ࠗဒ౷̦̜̞̠̭̜̹ͥ͂͂́̽ȃ̤ͩͤͅ
ȁ1930 ා͉́͘ͅȄ࣭षഎ̈́࿹୆‫׋ڠ‬൲͈ଔૺ࿨̱͂̀Ȅͺις΃͂ΡͼΜ̦ͼΆςᾼ͉̥̱͈̪ͬͥႁͬ঵̠̞̹̾̈́̽̀͢ͅȃ̱̥̱̦̈́ͣఈ༷́ͺις΃͉́Ȅ̥̾̀࿹୆‫ͬڠ‬঑‫̹̞̱̀׳‬୆໤‫ڠ‬৪͈τͼκϋΡȆΩȜσȪRaymond Pearlȫ͞൲໤‫ڠ‬৪͈ΧȜΨȜΠȆΑ− 102 −లඵ࣭ٝष࿹୆‫ڠ‬݈ٛβϋ΍ȜȆΐͿΣϋΈΒȪHerbert Spencer JenningsȫȄ֒ഥ‫ڠ‬৪͈ΧȜζϋȆΐοΔέȆηνρȜȪHerman Joseph Mullerȫ̞̹͂̽૽໤ో̦࿹୆‫׋ڠ‬൲͈ਹ೉ͬ๡฻̳̠ͥ̈́ͤ͢ͅȄ࿹୆‫ڠ‬ழ૕͈͂‫ ̹̽୲ͬ߸۾‬28ȃ1932 ාͅΣνȜπȜ·͈ুடঃฎ໤‫ٳ́܁‬ट̯̹ͦల२࣭ٝष࿹୆‫ڠ‬݈͉ٛ́Ȅ৽ट৪ో͉‫ܖ‬ய֒ഥ‫͈ڠ‬ა໲ͬ৾ͤષ̬̞̞̠̭̈́͂͂ͬࠨ೰̱̹ȃ̞̠͈͉͂Ȅ֒ഥ‫ڠ‬৪ో͉Ȅ͉ͤ͞ 1932 ාͅΣνȜπȜ·ਗͼ΍΃́ထ೰̯̞̹ͦ̀ల্࣭ٝष֒ഥ‫ڠ‬݈ٛȪInternational Congress of Geneticsȫͅઉఞ̯̞̹̥̜ͦ̀ͣ́ͥȃ̭͈ల२࣭ٝष࿹୆‫ڠ‬݈͈݈ٛಿ͉΋ȜσΡΑίςϋΈΧȜΨȜࡄ‫ݪ‬ਫ਼ȪCold Spring Harbor Laboratoryȫ͈ΘόͿϋεȜΠ́Ȅ݈͉ٛ૸ఘࠗ௶Ȅ૽ਅईᙔȄ২ٛ͂࿹୆‫ڠ‬ȄୟޭഎȆકޭഎ࿹୆‫ڠ‬Ȅພ‫͂ܨ‬ະළȄओ༆എ้૓ႁȄ૽႒֒ഥ‫͈̓̈́ڠ‬໐࿝଼̥̞̹ͣ̽̀ȃఱఉତ͈ა໲͉ͺις΃૽͈̜̹̦ͥ́̽͢͜ͅȄ̷͈ఈ͈อນ৪͉ͼΆςΑȄέρϋΑȄΡͼΜȄ΂ρϋΘȄΕႲȄͼΗςͺȄΧϋ΄ςȜȄεȜρϋΡȄ΅νȜΨȄΦσ;ͿȜȄΟϋζȜ·ȄͼϋΡȄ΃΢Θ̥̜̹ͣ́̽ 29ȃ
1921 ා͈లඵ࣭ٝष࿹୆‫ڠ‬݈͈ٛশ͉ͅ࿹୆‫֒͂ڠ‬ഥ‫͉ڠ‬ईह̱̞̹̦̀Ȅ1930 ා͉ࣼ́͘ͅ࿹୆‫֒͂ڠ‬ഥ‫͉ڠ‬໦ၗ̱̜̹̾̾̽ȃȁలඵ࣭ٝष࿹୆‫ڠ‬݈̦ٛ‫ٳ‬ट̯̹ͦশȄ࿹୆৽݅৪ో͉ȄȶႦ൝̈́ȷξȜυΛΩ֊ྦྷ͈ၠව͂Ȅ๞ͣ͂ͺις΃୆͈ͦ͘૽ș͈੄୆ၚ͈ओ։̽̀͢ͅȄȶ࿹ၻ̈́ȷཤ༷૽ਅࠏͺις΃૽͈ࠬൡ̦Ⴆ‫̭̳͂ͥͅا‬చ̳ͥ୨ท̱̹‫ޞ‬ր̲̞̹ͬۜ̀ȃ๞͉ͣ͂̽̀ͅཤ༷૽ਅ͈ࠬൡ̷̭̦‫ވ‬გ࣭͈‫ܖ‬ய̜́ͤȄ๞ͣͬ༗ࢌ̳̭̦ͥ͂੿ြ͈২͈ٛอജ̹̳͈̜̹ͬͣ́̽͜ȃ୆̥̻̥̞̠ͦ֗͂͘࿚ఴ͉ა௔͈എ̜̹̦́̽Ȅ࿹୆৽݅৪͉͂̽̀ͅȄ૽ਅഎ‫ث‬౵͉֒ഥ̽̀͢ͅࠨ೰̯̞ͦ̀̀‫͉́ޏ۪֗͞ޗ‬་̢̧̭̦̞͈ͥ͂́̈́́Ȅฒ૽‫͈ۼ‬໹൝ͅ‫݅৽৽ྦྷ̩̿ܖ‬͉ࣾඳ̜̠́ͥ͢ͅএ̹ͩͦȃਲ̽̀Ȅͺις΃୆͈ͦࠬ͘ൡͬ༗ࢌ̳̹͉ͥ͛ͅȄ‫͈̥ͣة‬చॐ࣒̲̭̦ͬͥ͂‫̹̜̽́ྩݢ‬ȃȁ࣭ष࿹୆‫ڠ‬݈ٛ́ȶ୺࿝‫ز‬ȷ̷̦͈̠̈́͢࿚ఴ̞݈̾̀ͅა̳༷֚ͥ́Ȅ࿹୆‫ڠ‬എࡄ‫͍ݞݪ‬̷͈৘षഎ؊ဥ̞͈̾̀ͅ౶ে๊֚ͬఱਤ͞ଽॐࠨ೰৪ͅࢩ̹͈͛ͥ͛ജা̦ٛ‫ٳ‬ट̯̹ͦȃ๊֚ఱਤ͞ଽॐࠨ೰৪ͬොං̵̯̹ͥ͛ͅȄ࿹୆৽݅৪͉଎ນ͞ৢ૯ͬ၌ဥ̱̀ૂ༭ͬণ‫اژ‬̱Ȅু໦ో͈৽ಫ̦฽ა͈ဒ౷͈̞̈́ࠐࡑഎম৘̜̭́ͥ͂ͬબྶ̱̠̱̹͂͢ȃ̷̭ͅ‫܄‬փ̯̞̹͈͉ͦ̀Ȅ૽‫͉֒ͅۼ‬ഥഎͅࠨ೰̯̹ͦ࿹Ⴆ̦ంह̱Ȅ̷͉ͦ‫͉̀̽͢ͅޏ۪֗͞ޗ‬་̢̧̭̦̞̭ͥ͂́̈́͂Ȅ̷͈࿹Ⴆ͉‫ͅࡉٸ‬฽‫̭̯͂ͥͦד‬Ȅ̷̱̀൚শͺις΃͉૽ਅഎႦ‫ޞ͈ا‬ր̯̯̞̹̦ͣͦ̀ͅȄ֒ഥ༹͈௱ͬၑٜ̱‫ۯ‬ၑ̳̭ͥ͂̽̀͢ͅ૽႒ͬ٨஝̧̳̭̦̭̜̹ͥ͂́ͥ͂̈́̓́̽ȃ̭͈̠͢ͅȄ࿹୆৽݅৪͂̽̀ͅలඵ࣭ٝष࿹୆‫ڠ‬݈͉ٛȄ൚শ͈ȶई၄̱࣏෱̱̹২ٛͬٝ໘̵̯ͥȷ̭͂ͬ࿒ঐ̱̹͈̜́ͤ͜Ȅ̷͉ͦ֊ྦྷଷࡠ͞౯ਅ͈̈́̓ߓఘഎଽॐͅ฽‫̹̯ͦד‬ȃ̷͈षͅ࿹୆৽݅৪̦ਹါ̈́࿨‫͉̭̹̲͂׵ͬڬ‬Ȅ1920 ා͉ࣼͅ࿹୆‫୺͈ڠ‬࿝ȶ‫ڠش‬ȷ̱͈͂̀ր૞͂‫ޣג‬ႁ̦Ȅଽॐࠨ೰́͘ͅ‫̭̹̞ͬ͂́ͭݞ‬া̱̞̀ͥȃ− 103 −ີ५ఱ‫૽ڠ‬໲‫ڠ‬໐‫ܮ‬ါಕ1ȁༀུઍ໹ȆઐࡔဢঊȆἸോষ჊Ȇঌ࿤୼ယࢣȸ࿹୆‫ۼ૽͂ڠ‬২ٛȽ୆ྵ‫͈ڠش‬ଲ‫̥͈̠̥̭͉࢜͒̓ܮ‬Ƚȹ࣒౴২࡛య૧੥Ȅ2000 ාȄ18-21 ༁ȃ
2ȁHarry H. Laughlin,ȨHistorical Background of the Third International Congress of Eugenics,ȩin A Decade of
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of Natural History, New York, August 21-23, 1932 (Baltimore: William and Wilkins, 1934), 13-14.
3ȁSteven Selden, Inheriting Shame: The Story of Eugenics and Racism in America (New York and London: Teachers
College, Columbia University, 1999), 4-5.
4ȁIbid, 13.
5ȁIbid, 22-23.
6ȁΏνΞέ͹ϋȆ΅νȜσȪཻ୆߇๼࿫ȫȸ΢ΙȆ΋Υ·ΏοϋȽͺις΃͈࿹୆‫͂ڠ‬΢Ι࿹୆‫׋‬൲ȽȹȪྶ୞੥ഝȄ1999 ාȫȄ38 ༁ȃ
7ȁLaughlin,ȨHistorical Background of the Third International Congress of Eugenics,ȩ1-2.
8ȁ Elof Axel Carlson, 7KH8Q¿W$+LVWRU\RID%DG,GHD (Cold Spring Harbor, New York: Cold Spring HarborLaboratory Press, 2001), 269-71.
9ȁȨCommittees on the Second International Eugenics Congress,ȩEugenical News 5 (1920), 13-14.
10ȁࣞ५ࠩȶలඵٝ᨝ኈ࿹୆ጠᅠܻཌྷಶ͈ܱȷȸᆇൺ‫֗ޗ‬ȹ16Ȫ1922 ාȫȄ96 ༁ȃ
11ȁHenry Fair¿eld Osborn,ȨAddress of Welcome,ȩin (XJHQLFV*HQHWLFVDQGWKH)DPLO\6FLHQWL¿F3DSHUVRIWKH
Second International Congress of Eugenics Held at American Museum of National History, New York, September
22-28, 1921, vol. 1 (Baltimore: Williams and Wilkins, 1923), 1-2.
12ȁIbid., 2.
13ȁIbid., 3-414ȁLaughlin,ȨHistorical Background of the Third International Congress of Eugenics,ȩ3-4.
15ȁ(XJHQLFV*HQHWLFVDQGWKH)DPLO\(XJHQLFVLQ5DFHDQG6WDWH6FLHQWL¿F3DSHUVRIWKH6HFRQG,QWHUQDWLRQDO
Congress of Eugenics Held at American Museum of Natural History, New York, September 22-28, 1921, vol.2(Baltimore: Williams & Wilkins, 1923).
16ȁFrederick Adams Woods,ȨThe Conification of Social Groups: Evidence from New England Families,ȩinEugenics, Genetics and the Family, 321.
17ȁWilhelmine E. Key,ȨHeritable Factors in Human Fitness and Their Social Control,Ȩ in Eugenics, Genetics andthe Family, 405, 410-11.
18ȁ Alleyne Ireland,ȨThe Nature-Nurture Issue in Its Bearing on Government,ȩin Eugenics in Race and State, 426.
19ȁSelden, Inheriting Shame, 20.
20ȁȨThe Exhibit of the Second International Congress of Eugenics,ȩEugenical News 6 (1921), 66.
21ȁHarry H. Laughlin, The Second International Exhibition of Eugenics Held September 22 to October 22, 1921, inConnection with the Second International Congress of Eugenics in the American Museum of Natural History, New<RUN$Q$FFRXQWRIWKH2UJDQL]DWLRQRIWKH([KLELWLRQWKH&ODVVL¿FDWLRQRIWKH([KLELWVWKH/LVWRI([KLELWRUV
and a Catalog and Description of the Exhibits (Baltimore: Williams & Wilkins, 1923), 20.
22ȁLaughlin,ȨHistorical Background of the Third International Congress of Eugenics,ȩ4.
23ȁMary K. Coffey,ȨThe American Adonis: A Natural History of theȦAverage Americanȧ(Man), 1921-32,ȩin
3RSXODU(XJHQLFV1DWLRQDO(I¿FLHQF\DQG$PHULFDQ0DVV&XOWXUHLQWKHV eds., Susan Currell and ChristianCogdell (Athens: Ohio University Press, 2006): 185-216.
24ȁIbid., 198.
25ȁLaughlin, The Second International Exhibit of Eugenics, 20.
26ȁCoffey,ȨThe American Adonis,ȩ197-98.
27ȁȨFig.24, Comparison of White and Negro Fetuses,ȩin The Second International Exhibition of Eugenics, 108.
28ȁ΅νȜσȸ΢ΙȆ΋Υ·ΏοϋȹȄ50-51 ༁ȃ29ȁCarlson, 7KH8Q¿W 271.

− 104 −లඵ࣭ٝष࿹୆‫ڠ‬݈ٛȺນˍȻలඵ࣭ٝष࿹୆‫ڠ‬݈ٛ‫੅ڠ‬ა໲ల֚‫ے‬ȸ࿹୆‫ڠ‬Ȇ֒ഥ‫ڠ‬Ȇ‫ز‬௼ȹঙྴਫ਼௺
1 Dr. Henry Fair¿eld American Museum of NaturalOsbornHistory
2 Leonard Darwin
Eugenics Education Society
3 Dr. Charles Benedict Carnegie Institution ofDavenport
Washington
4 Dr. L. Cuénot
University of Nancy
5 Dr. H. S. Jennings
Johns Hopkins University
6 Dr. C. E. McClung University of Pennsylvania
7 Dr. Calvin B. Bridges Columbia University
8 Dr. A. F. Blakeslee Carnegie Institution ofWashington
9 John Belling
Carnegie Institution ofWashington
10 Dr. George H. Shull Princeton University࣭ͺις΃‫͈ࠞۥ‬Օग़ͼΆςΑͺις΃࿹୆২͈ٛ࿒എ༹༷͂࿹୆‫ݪࡄڠ‬έρϋΑͺις΃ͺις΃ͺις΃ͺις΃֒ഥ͂ഐ؊ౙळ༾୆໤̤̫ͥ֒ͅഥஅ૗ఘໝࣣఘ͈ૺ‫ا‬அ૗ఘ໤ৗ͈։ુΙο;Γϋͺ΍΄΂͈་։ͺις΃௖൳அ૗ఘ‫͈ۼ‬ည֨ͺις΃ζΜπͼΈ΍௺࿚ఴٜࠨ̤̫ͥͅ౿ঘ֦ঊ͈͂‫۾‬Ⴒ૒໤̤̫ͥͅ૧̱̞་։͈߿฼ତ଻ౙև୆૓͈֒ഥഎओ։͈໦ଢ଼ඏட་։໘‫ܦ‬ඏட་։ඏட་։ͥ͢ͅΘȜ;ͻϋഎૺ‫ا‬૽‫̫̤ͥͅۼ‬ඏட་։͈ອഽ͂֒ഥఘৗ͈อ୆֒ഥ͈ι΃ΣΒθ͈۰ౙ̈́୰ྶχθΏ̤̫ͥͅ଻ࠨ೰খ‫ڙ‬႒͈଻঑෻ͅ‫̳ͥ۾‬ΟȜΗ

11 Dr. R. Ruggles Gates University of LondonͼΆςΑ
12 Dr. P. W. Whiting
Iowa Child Welfare Researchͺις΃Station, State University of Iowa
13 Dr. H. J. Muller
University of Texasͺις΃
14 Dr. Charles Zeleny University of Illinois
ͺις΃
15 R. A. Fisher, M.A.
Rothemsted Experimental Station ͼΆςΑWashington University School of ͺις΃Medicine
17 Dr. Louis LegrandΙνΣΐͺ
18 Dr. A. Franklin Shull University of Michiganͺις΃
19 Dr. Arthur M. Banta Carnegie Institution ofͺις΃
and L. A. Brown
Washington
20 Dr. Halsey J. Bagg Huntington Fund for Cancer
ͺις΃
Research, Memorial Hospital, andDepartment of Anatomy, Cornell
University Medical College
21 Dr. E. Carleton
Station for Experimental
ͺις΃
MacDowell
Evolution
22 Henry A. Cotton,
New Jersey State Hospital
ͺις΃
M.D.
23 Dr. R. J. Terry andWashington University School of ͺις΃
Dr. Lee D. Cady
Medicine
24 Dr. Paul A. Lewis
Henry Phipps Institute of theͺις΃University of Pennsylvania
25 Dr. Leo Loeb
Department of Comparativeͺις΃Pathology of Washington
University
26 Dr. C. C. Little
Carnegie Institution ofͺις΃Washington
27 Dr. Lucien Howeͺις΃
28 R. A. Fisher, M.A.
Rothemsted Experimental Station ͼΆςΑ29 Kristine Bonnevie
Institute of Genetics
Φσ;ͿȜ
16 Dr. C. H. Danforth− 105 −ა໲ఴྴρΐ;θ༶ৣෝͥ͢ͅሶ඿႒͈อ֗વ‫ٺ‬ΏυΥΒη͈ͺσ΋Ȝσջంછহၷ͈֒ഥഎփྙୈ૰વ‫͈֒ٺ‬ഥୃુ૤ၑ͂։ુ૤ၑ͈ਬ౬̤ͅ
̫ͥᴧષඏܳอ୆͈๤‫ڛ‬ࠫ‫֒͂ړ‬ഥ͈‫߸۾‬ΥΒῃ̤̫ͥ‫͈֒܈‬ഥ૽‫܈̫̤ͥͅۼ‬ఘৗ͈֒ഥণ‫ژ‬વ‫͈֒ٺ‬ഥ஼୆঱͈อ୆ͅ‫̳ͥ۾‬૧ΟȜΗ
24,518 ૽͈ȶঐ࿜ȷ͈ൡࠗഎ࠿
൦͈৽ါࠫ‫ض‬ີ५ఱ‫૽ڠ‬໲‫ڠ‬໐‫ܮ‬ါ

30 C. C. Hurst
31 Dr. A. Myerson
32 Dr. Aaron J. Rosanoff Kings Park State Hospital
33 Dr. Carl E. Seashore Division of Anthropology andPsychology, National ResearchCouncil
34 Hazel M. Stanton
State University of Iowa
35 Dr. M. Lucien March La Société française
d’Eugénique
36 Dr. Sewall WrightBureau of Animal Industry, U.S.
Department of Agriculture
37 Dr. Helen Dean King Wister Institute of Anatomy andBiology
38 Ruth Moxcey MartinͼΆςΑͺις΃ͺις΃ͺις΃ফು้͈૓ႁ͈֒ഥ
ୈ૰৖͈ۛ֒ഥୈ૰વ‫͈֒ٺ‬ഥ‫ڢإ‬എधෝ͈ࡢ૽എ‫૽͍ݞ‬ਅഎ֒ഥͺις΃
έρϋΑ‫ڢإ‬എ֒ഥ͈৘ࡑഎ಺औ
έρϋᾼ̤̫ͥ୽௔͈ࠫ‫͂ض‬੄୆ၚκσκΛΠ̤̫ͥͅ߃૶࢐෻͈
ࠫ‫ض‬߃૶࢐෻͉ခ‫̥ٺ‬

39 Dr. Herbert J.
Spinden40 W. S. Anderson

ͺις΃

Peabody Museum of HarvardUniversityUniversity of Kentuckyͺις΃ͺις΃ͺις΃ͺις΃

41 M. Etienne RabaudέρϋΑ42 Dr. Howard J.
Eugenics Record Of¿ce
Banker43 Dr. Frederick Adams Massachusetts Institute ofWoods
Technology
44 Sarah Louise
California Geneological Society
Kimball
45 Dr. Howard J.
Eugenics Record Of¿ce
Banker46 Dr. J. Joaquin
Izquierdo, M.S.A.
47 Dr. Hilda Herrick
Noyes and George
Wallingford Noyes
48 Dr. Amos W. Butler Indiana Board of State Charitiesͺις΃

49 E. L. Lidbetter
50 Dr. Arthur H.
Estabrook
51 Dr. Wilhelmine E.
Key
52 Elizabeth Greene
53 Dr. Roswell H.
JohnsonEugenics Record Of¿ceͼΆςΑͺις΃Race Betterment Foundation

ͺις΃

Waverly House
University of Puttsburghͺις΃ͺις΃ͺις΃ͺις΃ͺις΃ι΅Ώ΋ΣνȜͼϋΈρϋΡ͈२͈̾ࡣ̞΋ηνΣΞͻ̤̫ͥࠬͅ௼ࠫँ૽‫ۼ‬২̤̫ٛͥͅ߃૶࢐෻͈ධༀ͈႕५‫ۼ‬໐‫ڞ׿‬౷̤̫ͥͅ୆૓ৗ͈‫ޣג‬൳֚΃Λίσ̤̫ͥͅႲ௽੄ॲͅ‫̳ͥ۾‬อో๤‫ݪࡄڛ‬ၑேഎ̈́‫ز‬௼Ⴄ২ٛਬ౬͈ஞࡘȽΣνȜͼϋΈρϋΡ͈‫ز‬௼ͥ͢ͅબ‫ݶ‬ȽιͼέρχȜ࣢͈֊ਯ৪‫̜ͥူޗ‬౫࿠‫ؚ‬Ƚ࿹୆‫ڠ‬എ႒߿ȽͼΑ΅΀σΡ֚௼͈‫ٽ͈ࠏز‬ါͺις΃΂ΥͼΘȆ΋ηνΣΞͻ̤̫ͥͅ࿹ၻਅ้૓͈৘ࡑͺις΃฽২ٛഎૄ࠯͈ါ֦̱͈͂̀‫ز‬௼ຫࣾ‫ࠏز‬ͼΏνζ΀σ֚௼૽‫͈ۼ‬ഐ؊͈֒ഥါ̷֦͈͂২ٛൡଷ150 ૽͈৹৪͈‫ݪࡄ͈૽੄ز‬෻ߘ৪஖఼Ȯ੄ങȯ(XJHQLFV*HQHWLFVDQGWKH)DPLO\6FLHQWL¿F3DSHUVRIWKH6HFRQG,QWHUQDWLRQDO&RQJUHVVRI(XJHQLFVvol.1 (Baltimore: Williams & Wilkins, 1923).

− 106 −లඵ࣭ٝष࿹୆‫ڠ‬݈ٛȺນˎȻలඵ࣭ٝष࿹୆‫ڠ‬݈ٛ‫੅ڠ‬ა໲లඵ‫ے‬ȸ૽ਅ࣭͂‫̫̤ͥͅز‬࿹୆‫ڠ‬ȹঙྴਫ਼௺
1 Dr. G. V. de Lapouge
2 Dr. R. Bennett Bean Anatomical Laboratory,
University of Virginia
3 Dr. Bird T. Baldwin Iowa Child Welfare ResearchStation, University of Iowa
4 Dr. V. Giuffrida
University of Naples-Ruggeri
5 Fabio Frassetto
Anthropological Institute,
University of Bologna
6 Fabio Frassetto
Anthropological Institute,
University of Bologna
7 Dr. Jon Alfred Mjøen Winderen Laboratorium
8 William McDougall Harvard University࣭έρϋΑ
ͺις΃

ა໲ఴྴ
૽‫͈ۼ‬ईᙔ̤̫ͥͅ૽ਅ૽‫૸͈ۼ‬ఘͅ‫ژ̳ͥ۾‬੥ͺις΃ঊ‫૸͈ރ‬ఘอ͈֗‫ڠش‬എထ௶ͼΗςͺ

9 Dr. E. A. HootonHarvard Universityͺις΃

10 E. M. VicariCarnegie Institution ofWashington
Statistician, Metropolitan Life
Insurance Companyͺις΃

50 ාஜ͈ͼΗςͺ૽୒ා͈ఘ‫ڒ‬͈૸ಿȆఘਹঐତఘ‫૸͈ڒ‬ಿȆఘਹঐତ̞̱̈́܎‫଻ޑ‬଼૽͈૸ಿ͂ఘਹ͈‫ͬ߸۾‬঑෻༹̳ͥ௱̷͈͈ఈ͈ࠁఠ಺გഎȆະ಺გഎ̈́։ਅ࢐෻࿹୆‫ڠ‬എ਀౲̱͈͂̀༭ਫ͈૧ْ͈̹͈࣭ࠗ͛‫߄ܖز‬̜ͥ૸ఘഎඅಭͅచ̳ͥ૽ਅईࣣ͈‫̳ͥ۾ͅޣג‬۷ख़ࠫ‫݃͂ض‬࿚ॠਅࠁ଼࣐͂൲

11 Dr. Louis I. DoblinͼΗςͺͼΗςͺΦσ;ͿȜͺις΃ͺις΃Statistician, Prudential Insurance ͺις΃Company of America
Connecticut Agriculturalͺις΃
Experiment Station
14 Dr. Maurice Fishbergͺις΃
12 Dr. Frederick L.
Hoffman
13 Dr. L. C. Dunn

15 Dr. Redcliffe N.
Salaman
16 Dr. Paul R.
Radosavljevich
17 W. F. Willcox
18 Dr. Frederick
L. Hoffman
19 Leonard Darwin
20 Bernard Mallet‫͈૽࣭ٸ‬ঘཌၚȽͺις΃͈૽࢛͈૽ਅഎါள͈‫ڰ‬ႁͅ‫̳ͥ۾‬೰ၾ໦ଢ଼͈࣓͒ࡃȽΧχͼ̤̫ͥͅ૽ਅईࣣΧχͼ̤̫ͥͅ૽ਅईࣣ͈ࠫ‫ض‬ͼΆςΑξΘμ‫ޗ‬ര͂΅ςΑΠ‫ޗ‬ര͈ࠫँξΘμ૽࿚ఴͅ‫ژ̳ͥ۾‬੥

New York Universityͺις΃Αρόྦྷ௼͈࿹୆‫ڠ‬എ࿚ఴCornell Universityͺις΃ͼΆςΑͼΆςΑͺις΃ࣱ̤̫ͥͅ૽͈໦ື͂
௩‫ح‬ࣱ૽͂ฒ૽͈ईࣣ͂։૽ਅ‫ࠫۼ‬ँ͈࿚ఴ࿹୆‫ڠ‬എ٨‫͈ڟ‬໦࿤࿹୆‫̳ͥ۾ͅڠ‬ഴ჏ͺις΃ͺις΃૽࢛࿚ఴ͈࿹୆‫ڠ‬എ௰࿂෠ުͅ‫૽̳ͥ߸۾‬șͺις΃အș۪̈́‫̫̤ͥͅئޣג͈ޏ‬౳঱͈஖఼എੰ‫ݲ‬ͺις΃̤̫ͥͅඤ‫̷͂߸۾׻‬͈อోΪϋΡͽȜ‫ँ͈ࠫޗ‬ၑැ࿹୆‫۾͈͂ڠ‬Ⴒ́૶̭̈́ͥ͂ͅ
͈ൡଷ

Statistician, Prudential Insurance
Company of America
Eugenics Education Society
Late Registrar-General forEngland
21 Dr. Raymond Pearl Johns Hopkins University
22 Dr. E. M. EastBussey Institution, HarvardUniversity
23 Dr. S. J. Holmes and University of California
J. C. Goff
24 Otto E. Koegel,Associate Counsel, United States
D. C. L.
VeteransȧBureau
25 Gopalji Ahluwalia
26 Dr. Harriette M. Dilla Department of Economics andSociology, Smith Collegeͺις΃ͺις΃ͼϋΡͺις΃

− 107 −ີ५ఱ‫૽ڠ‬໲‫ڠ‬໐‫ܮ‬ါ

27 George Adami
28 Dr. Harry H.
Laughlin
29 Dr. Rudolph M.
Binder30 Dr. S. Adolphus
Knopf
31 C. W. Saleeby, M.D.

University of Liverpool
ͼΆςΑEugenics Record Of¿ce, Carnegie ͺις΃Institution of Washington
New York Universityͺις΃ུ൚͈ܲ௼ଽহͺις΃̤̫ͥͅ࿹୆‫ڠ‬എ౯ਅ͈࡛ે࠲ࢫ͂࿹୆‫ڠ‬ͺις΃

32 Dr. R. A. Fisher

Rothemsted Experimental Station ͼΆςΑࠫ‫ړ‬࿚ఴ͈͂‫۾‬Ⴒ̤̫ͥͅ࿹୆‫ڠ‬ထཡഎ࿹୆‫ڠ‬Ƚ૽ਅഎ‫ٺ‬՛̥͈ͣ૶͈༗ࢌȽඅͅ଻എະൽඃͅ‫̳ͥ۾‬໲ྶ২̤̫ٛͥͅၻ૤͈อో֒ഥ͂଻ພͼΆςΑ

Royal Institution

33 Daisy M. O.
United States Public HealthRobinson
Service34 Dr. Horatio M.
Statistician, New York StatePollock
Hospital Commission
35 Dr. Stewart Paton
Princeton University
36 Dr. Sante Naccarati
37 Dr. William S. Sadler Chicago Therapeutic Institute38 Dr. M. P. E.
Groszmann
39 Milton Fairchild

ͺις΃
ͺις΃
ͺις΃
ͺις΃

National Association for the Study ͺις΃and Education of Exceptional
Children
Character Education Institutionͺις΃ͺις΃

Statistician, Metropolitan Life
Insurance Companyͺις΃

43 Dymple Bryantͺις΃Johnson
44 W. C. Billingsͺις΃
45 Dr. Harry H.
Eugenics Record Of¿ce, Carnegie ͺις΃Laughlin
Institution of Washington
46 Dr. Arthur Wallace
ͺις΃Calhoun
47 Dr. A. B. Wolfe
University of Texasͺις΃
48 Alleyne Irelandͺις΃49 C. E. A. Bedwell
Society of ComparativeͼΆςΑLegislation
50 Dr. Corrado GiniͼΗςͺ
51 Dr. D. F. Ramos
University of Havana΅νȜΨ
52 Dr. Ladislav
Haskovec
53 Paul Popenoe
54 Vladimir RĪåiĀkaCharles University

55 Vladimir RĪåiĀkaCharles Universityୈ૰৖͈ۛထཡါ֦̱͈͂̀࿹
୆‫ڠ‬֓‫ܥ͈ڠ‬ٛ૰ࠐછ͈ࠁఠ‫ڠ‬എඅಭඤ໦๥໤Ȅࠧ‫ۿ‬୆૓ৗȄ֒ഥഎࠧ‫ۿ‬࡛ह͈ၑა͈ࡠ‫ٮ‬ࣞ൝࿹୆‫̫̤ͥͅڠ‬੗ଘ‫ࡄڠش‬‫ݪ‬Α΋ΛΠρϋΡ ‫ͬ֗ޗ‬਋̫ͥෝႁ͂֒ഥ40 Dr. A. F. Tredgold,
F. R. S.
41 William McDougall Harvard University
42 Dr. Louis I. Dublin

ͺις΃Eugenics Society of Pragueഛໆ͈धෝ͂২ٛഎ౷պ͈௖‫۾‬‫߸۾‬੫଻͈ࣞ൝‫૽͂֗ޗ‬ਅ٨ၻ
27 ૽͈ࣞ൝‫ࢷڠ‬௾ު୆͈਍ྵ͂২ٛഎ࢜ષͅ‫૽̳ͥ۾‬୆͈໤ࢊ֊ྦྷ༹͈֓‫ڠ‬എ؊ဥঔ୭ਓယ৪͈੄୆࿹୆‫͈ڠ‬࿚ఴ̤̫ͥͅࠐफഎါ֦࿹୆‫͂ڠ‬২ٛഎఠഽ֒ഥ۪‫ޏ‬࿚ఴ͂ଽຸ͈͒‫ޣג‬࣭षૂସ̤̫ͥͅ࿹୆‫ڠ‬࿹୆‫ڠ‬എ۷ത̥ͣࡉ̹୽௔΅νȜΨ͈࿹୆‫۾ͅڠ‬Ⴒ̳ͥ૽ਅ٨ၻ༹ΙͿ΋Αυό͹ ΙͿ΋Αυό͹΅ͺ‫ވ‬გ࣭̤ͅ΅ͺ̫ͥ࿹୆‫׋ڠ‬൲ͺις΃࿹୆‫ͼ͂ڠ‬ΑρθΙͿ΋Αυό͹ ࿹୆‫಺߸۾ض֦̫̤ͥͅڠ‬औ͈΅ͺਹါ଻ΙͿ΋Αυό͹ ࿹୆‫ݪࡄڠ‬ழ૕͈͒൲̧΅ͺȮ੄ങȯ(XJHQLFVLQ5DFHDQG6WDWH6FLHQWL¿F3DSHUVRIWKH6HFRQG,QWHUQDWLRQDO&RQJUHVVRI(XJHQLFVvol.2(Baltimore: Williams & Wilkins, 1923).

− 108 −