岡山大学 工学部 機械工学科

機械設計学研究室

研究年報（2002 年 1 月〜12 月）＊＊研究課題＊＊
高真空用歯車のトライボ性能評価
Tribological Evaluation of Surface Modified Gear in Vacuum

粒子分散複合めっきローラの摩擦・摩耗
Friction and Wear of Disperased Particle Multiplex Plated Rollers

耐摩耗性ステンレス鋼のスカッフィング特性
Scuffing Characteristics of Wear Resisting Stainless Steel

改質表面の真空高温摩擦・摩耗特性
Friction and Wear Characteristics of Modified Surface for Space and Air Crafts in Vacuum and at
High Temperature

表面改質材のトライボロジーとその評価・解析
Tribology of Surface Modified Materials and Its Estimation and Analysis

複合表面処理によるピッチング強さの改善
Improvement of Pitting Durability by Multiplex Surface Treating

耐摩耗性鋼歯車のスカッフィング及びピッチング
Scuffing and Pitting of Wear Resisting Steel Gears

複合表面処理歯車の面圧強さと動的性能
Surface Durability and Dynamic Performance of Multiplex Surface Treated Gears

焼結鍛造ローラの面圧強さに関する研究
A Study on Surface Durability of Forged Sintered Powder Metal Rollers

面圧強さに及ぼすローラ形状の影響
Effect of Cross Section Profile on Surface Durability of Rollers

焼結鍛造歯車の面圧強さと動的性能
Surface Durability and Dynamic Performance of Forged Sintered Powder Metal Gears

多孔質ファインセラミックス製静圧ガイドに関する研究
A Study on Hydrostatic Guide Made of Porous Fine Ceramics

トラクションドライブに関する研究
A Study on Traction Drive＊＊研究報告＊＊（6 件）
Tribological Performance of Electroless Ni Alloy Plated Stainless Steel Gears in High Vacuum
Akira Yoshida, Masahiro Fujii, Tomoki Harano* (*Anan National College of Technology)
VDI International Conference on Gears VDI-Berichte Nr. 1665, pp.967-979, March 2002
Spur gear test was carried out under non-lubricating condition in high vacuum of the order of 10-4
Pa at room temperature to investigate the wear and friction performances of electroless Ni alloyplatings. Three kinds of electroless Ni alloy platings; electroless Ni-P alloy plating, electroless Ni-B
alloy plating and electroless Ni-P-B alloy plating, and two kinds of composite platings; electroless
Ni-P alloy plating with PTFE particles and electroless Ni-P alloy plating with BN particles, wereemployed. The influences of the composition and the dispersed self-lubricated particles in theelectroless Ni alloy platings on the tribological performance were examined. In addition the gear
test results were compared with the roller test results obtained under about the same maximum
Hertzian pressure.

Application of Wavelet Transform to Health Monitoring and Evaluation of Dynamic Characteristics
in Gear Sets
Akira Yoshida, Yuji Ohue* and Masanori Seki (*Kagawa University)
VDI International Conference on Gears VDI-Berichte Nr. 1665, pp.853-865, March 2002
This paper deals with a health monitoring and an evaluation of dynamic characteristics in gearsets. The Wavelet Transform (WT) is a method for the time-frequency analysis. The dynamic
characteristics of both steel and sintered gears were measured using a power circulating gear
testing machine and were analyzed in a time-frequency domain by the continuos and discrete WTs.
Furthermore, the health monitoring of gear sets was carried out and the tooth surface failure bypitting was diagnosed using the WTs. The vibration acceleration of the gear box could be divided totwo different behaviors above and below the tooth mesh frequency. A failed tooth could be found out
by the change of WT intensity of the vibration acceleration. It could be said that the continuous anddiscrete wavelet transforms are a useful method for diagnosing the tooth failure and for evaluating
the gear dynamics.

Scuffing Characteristics of Wear Resisting Steel and Steel with Surface Modification Treatment
Kenzo Miura*, Tetsuo Komoda**, Takashi Kuwata**, Akira Yoshida and Masahiro Fujii (*MitsuiTesting & Research Center, **Mitsui Engineering & Shipbuilding)
Bulletin of The Marine Engineering Society in Japan, Vol.30, No.1, pp.43-48, March 2002
Wear resisting steel(WRS), with improved scuffing characteristics, was newly developed in orderto be applied to the frictional parts for machinary. The two rollers tests were carried out using thenewly developed WRS, steels with Ni-P electroless plating, and with electrolyzed and sulfurizing
treatment. Then the scuffing characteristics of these materials were discussed.
The anti-scuffing characteristics of WRS were very good and the frictional coefficient was assmall as about (1/3) of SUJ2, a reference material. From the test results using WRS specimen of twokinds of hardness, the anti-scuffing characteristics of specimen of which the hardness was low werehigher. The anti-scuffing characteristics of steel with Ni-P electroless plating were good. Part ofNi-P electroless plating layer remained during the test period but the other part of plating layer
disappeared. On the other hand, the electrolyzed and sulfurizing layer which is effective forrunning-in, disappeared in a short time, and the characteristics became that of base material.
As the result of observation of surface and cross section of specimen, the white layer on thescuffing surface was found from 30 to 50µm thickness. It seemed that the layer is a martensite
including supersaturatedly solidified carbon which is a part of cementite at the sub-surface
dissolved by thermal and mechanical energies.

プラズマ浸炭硬化粉末焼結ローラの面圧強さに及ぼすショットピーニングの影響（ショット投射速度，ショット粒径およびショット硬さの影響）
吉田 彰，大上祐司*，關 正憲，荒瀧拓之**，烏野 勇*** (*香川大学，**(株)永谷園，***住友金属工業(株))日本機械学会論文集（C 編），68 巻 668 号，1265 頁〜1272 頁，2002 年 4 月
ショットピーニング加工を施したプラズマ浸炭硬化粉末焼結ローラを試験ローラとして，二円筒滑り転がり接触条件下で疲れ試験を行い，ショットピーニング条件とローラの面圧強さとの関係について検討した．ショットピーニングによりローラ表面付近の硬さと圧縮残留応力が増大したが，ローラ内部の気孔がつぶれ，表面粗さが増加した．疲れ試験による試験ローラの損傷はスポーリング損傷であり，気孔がつぶれた位置で損傷が発生したが，弱いショットピーニングを施したローラの面圧強さは向上した．
さらに硬さに対する両振りの直交せん断応力の比の振幅値が最大となるローラ円周面からの深さと損傷深さとがほぼ一致していることを示した．

Evaluation of the Fatigue Life of a Sintered Machine Element under the Sliding/Rolling ContactCondition based on Fracture Mechanics
Akira Yoshida, Yuji Ohue* and Hirosi Ishikawa* (*Kagawa University)
Journal of Strain Analysis for Engineering Design, Vol.37, No.4, pp.327-336, July 2002
In order to evaluate the surface durability of sintered machine elements, the fatigue lives of 28
kinds of sintered roller under a sliding/rolling contact condition were estimated using Paris's law
based on linear fracture mechanics. The fatigue tests were conducted using a two-Cylinder testingmachine. The stress intensity factor for the mode II under the Herzian contact condition wascalculated using the finite element mode. The value of the stress intensity factor became larger as
the crack length became longer to the contact surface, and the value of the stress intensity factor
range was independent of the crack angle. It could be clarified that the fatigue lives of the sinteredrollers depneded on the pore diameter and the hardness. It was obvious that the pore distribution
has to be taken into consideration to estimate the fatigue lives of the sintered rollers more precisely.

Influence of Soft Surface Modification on Rolling Contact Fatigue Strength of Machine Element
Akira Yoshida, Masahiro Fujii
Tribology International, Vol.35, Issue 12, pp 837-847, December 2002

Various surface modification methods have been employed in order to improve the tribological
performance of machine elements. In this work, electroless Ni-P alloy plating and sulfurizing
treatments were employed, and the surface modified steel rollers and ball bearings werefatigue-tested under a pure or free rolling contact condition. The fatigue lives of both rollers andbearings were improved by these surface modifications. The contact pressure and subsurface
stresses of the surface modified rollers and bearings were analysed. The reason why the rolling
fatigue strengths of surface modified rollers and bearings were higher than those of the non-coatedones would be due to the smaller contact pressure and the smaller subsurface stresses by thesmaller elasticity as well as the conformity of the plated layer.

＊＊総説・解説＊＊（2 件）
無潤滑，真空下における歯車の摩擦・摩耗・動力損失
吉田 彰
日本機械学会歯車装置の次世代設計・製造技術調査研究分科会研究報告書，197 頁-200 頁，2002 年 12月
無潤滑および真空下における歯車の効率に関連する摩擦・摩耗・動力損失に関して，おもに材料，表面改質の観点より，最近の国内外の研究成果を基に解説した．

歯車の強度・寿命に関する研究展望吉田 彰
日本機械学会歯車装置の次世代設計・製造技術調査研究分科会研究報告書，212 頁，2002 年 12 月
今日の社会における省エネルギー化，低環境負荷化，産業界における高コストパフォーマンス化のす
う勢の下，歯車の強度・寿命に関する研究展望と期待について記述した．

＊＊学術講演＊＊（16 件）
吉田 彰，藤井正浩，原野智哉*，布野靖明 (*阿南高専)
高真空下における表面改質歯車の歯面摩耗評価
日本機械学会中国四国支部第 40 期総会・講演会講演論文集，No.025-1，講演番号 1104
361 頁-362 頁 2002.3.5

吉田 彰，藤井正浩，岡内 健
複合表面改質皮膜の摩擦・摩耗特性（真空環境下）
日本機械学会中国四国支部第 40 期総会・講演会講演論文集，No.025-1，講演番号 1105
363 頁-364 頁 2002.3.5

吉田 彰，藤井正浩，小林 寛，三浦健蔵* (*三造試験 C)
耐摩耗性ステンレス鋼の摩擦・摩耗特性
日本機械学会中国四国支部第 40 期総会・講演会講演論文集，No.025-1，講演番号 1106

365 頁-366 頁

2002.3.5

吉田 彰，大上祐司*，關 正憲，林 大介 (*香川大学)
浸炭硬化鋼製ローラの面圧強さに及ぼすショットピーニングの影響
日本機械学会中国四国支部第 40 期総会・講演会講演論文集，No.025-1，講演番号 1107，367-368 頁
2002.3.5

吉田 彰，大上祐司*，關 正憲，佐藤雅靖 (*香川大学)
粉末焼結歯車の面圧強さに及ぼすショットピーニングの影響
日本機械学会中国四国支部第 40 期総会・講演会講演論文集，No.025-1，講演番号 1108，369-370 頁
2002.3.5

吉田 彰，大上祐司*，關 正憲，川村 巧 (*香川大学)
ショットピーニング浸炭硬化鋼製歯車の面圧強さと動的性能
日本機械学会中国四国支部第 40 期総会・講演会講演論文集，No.025-1，講演番号 1110，373-374 頁
2002.3.5

Akira Yoshida, Yuji Ohue* and Masanori Seki (*Kagawa University)
Application of Wavelet Transform to Health Monitoring and Evaluation of Dynamic Characteristics
in Gear Sets
VDI International Conference on Gears, Munich, VDI-BERICHTE NR. 1665, pp.853-865
2002.3.14

Akira Yoshida, Masahiro Fujii, Tomoki Harano* (*Anan National College of Technology)
Tribological Performance of Electroless Ni Alloy Plated Stainless Steel Gears in High Vacuum
VDI International Conference on Gears, Munich, VDI-BERICHTE NR. 1665, pp.967-979
2002.3.15

吉田 彰，藤井正浩
粒子分散複合めっきの真空中トライボ性能
第 2 回機素潤滑設計部門講演会講演論文集，講演番号 129，203 頁-204 頁

2002.4.23

關 正憲，吉田 彰，大上祐司* (*香川大学)
鋼製ローラと粉末焼結ローラの面圧強さに及ぼすショットピーニングの影響ショットピーニング技術，第 14 巻第 2 号，講演論文 6，12-13 頁 2002.5.14

吉田 彰，大上祐司* (*香川大学)
時間・周波数領域情報を利用した歯車歯面の故障診断
日本トライボロジー会議予稿集東京，講演番号 E30, 341-342 頁

吉田彰，藤井正浩，劉思健

2002.5.15

多孔質ファインセラミックス製静圧ガイドに関する基礎的研究
日本設計工学会中国支部講演会講演論文集，No.19，22 頁-24 頁

2002.6.15

三島 進，吉田 彰，藤井正浩，關 正憲，幸 賢司
冷間鍛造金型の摩擦挙動に関する基礎的研究
日本設計工学会中国支部講演会講演論文集，No.19，25 頁-28 頁

2002.6.15

吉田 彰
歯車強度に関する研究動向と展望
日本機械学会 2002 年度年次大会講演資料集(Ⅷ)，32 頁-33 頁

2002.9.25

吉田 彰，藤井正浩，原野智哉* (*阿南高専)
ヘルツ接触下における表面改質層の応力分布
日本機械学会中国四国支部・九州支部合同企画松山地方講演会講演論文集 No.025-2，講演番号 516，181頁-182 頁 2002.10.19

大上祐司*，吉田 彰 (*香川大学)
歯車の歯面損傷に関する故障診断
日本機械学会評価・診断に関するシンポジウム講演論文集，講演番号 208，102-107 頁＊＊著

2002.12.5

書＊＊（1 件）トライボロジーハンドブック 2.5.4 焼結合金（476 頁-478 頁）2.5.7 表面改質（482 頁-484 頁）
吉田 彰（他 233 名）（社）トライボロジー学会
2001.3.30＊＊特許＊＊（2 件）

まがりばかさ歯車の製造装置
吉田 彰，三島 進
公開特許広報 特開 2002-1479，平成 14 年 1 月 8 日公開，（特願 2000-183612，平成 12 年 6 月 19 日出願）

かさ歯車の歯面誤差測定法
吉田 彰，三島 進
公開特許広報 特開 2002-5654，平成 14 年 1 月 9 日公開，（特願 2000-183906，平成 12 年 6 月 20 日出願）