研 究 論 文 抄 録

研 究 論 文 抄 録（2005年１月〜12月）

物質生命理工学科
川崎兼司・尾崎義治：「貫通気孔を有するジルコニアバル

n-butoxide and Ca-di-etoxide deposited with re-ーンの合成」Journal of the Ceramic Society of Japan

moval of benzene from the mixed solution andVol.114, No3, pp.265-271, 2006.3

formed porous zirconia film precursors. In thisZirconia balloon with pores through the crust

process formamide penetrated in the mixed ben-

was synthesized by dispersing polystyrene added

zene solution and formed open pores in the pass.

Zr(OC4H9n)4 benzene solution to formamide. Zir-

The pore shape was controlled by the quantity ofconia balloon precursor was formed in F/B/F

the benzene in formamide and the mixed ratio of(formamide / benzene / formamide) emulsion. As

Ca-di-etoxied in benzene solution. The precursor

benzene was extracted to formamide from thefilm had an asymmetrical structure, and hadZr(OC4H9n)4dense surface layer on one side and porous layer

phase separation occurred, and the F/B/F dropletson the other side. After heat-treatment at 500℃

solidified. In the balloon precursor crust polysty-

the precursor films were transformed to porous

rene spheres dispersed in a Zr(OC4H9n)4 matrix.

zirconia films. The film structure was well pre-The crust thickness was about 2µm. The diameter

served after heat treatment.

F/B/F droplets, polystyrene andof the polystyrene spheres was almost the sameas the crust thickness. The spheres were removed

A. Katoh, H. Kudo and R. Saito：“Allosteric Binding ofwith extraction by benzene. Spherical pores

Alkali Metal Ions to a Pseudo-cryptand Formed by awhich were left in the crust opened only to the

C-pivot Tripodal Ligand Containing 3-Hydroxy-2(1H)-

inner surface of the crust. The spherical pores

pyridinone

were opened to the outer surface of the crust by

pp.285-297, 2005.12

etching the precursor balloons with hydrochloric

邦文題目：3-ヒドロキシ-2(1H)-ピリジノンとガリウムイ

acid. On heat-treatment at 1300℃ the precursor

オンを含むC-軸三方向性配位子により形成された擬ク

balloons after hydrochloric acid treatment wereリプタンドへのアルカリ金属イオンのアロステリック結合

transformed to zirconia balloons with pores

A novel C-pivot tripodal hexadentate ligand

through the crust. The size distribution of(3,2-HOPOHL) composed of 3-hydroxy-2(1H)-

heat-treated balloons was in the range between

pyridinone as a bidentate ligand, the ethyleneoxy

1µm and 35µm with a mean value of about 10 µm

chain as a spacer, and tris(carboxyric acid) as anin diameter.

anchor was synthesized.
nized

and Ga(III)”,

only

Na+

Heterocycles,ion,Vol. 66,

3,2-HOPOHL recogsuggesting

that

it

川崎兼司・尾崎義治：「金属アルコキシドからの多孔質ジ

pre-organized a cavity due to the electrostatic in-

ルコニア膜の合成」成蹊大学理工学研究報告Vol.42, No2,

teraction among the 2(1H)-pyridinone rings.

pp.1-5, 2005.12

UV-VIS spectroscopic analysis indicated that

Porous zirconia films were prepared from
Zr-tetra-n-butoxideandCa-di-etoxide

mixed

3,2-HOPOHL formed a stable intramolecular 1:1
Fe(III) complex in aqueous solution.

The stabil-benzene solutions. The mixed solutions were

ity constant (log K) of 3,2-HOPOHL-Fe(III) com-

dropped on formamide and spread in the shape ofplex was estimated to be 27.6 from the competi-a film on the formamide surface. Zr-tetra-tive reaction with EDTA.

−167−

1H-NMR

titration of

3,2-HOPOHL-Ga(III) complex with Na+ and K+

Vanadyl complexes of 4,6-disubstituted-2(1H)-

ions in CDCl3-CD3CN indicated the formation ofpyrimidinones showed higher insulin-mimeticNa+-

activities than those of 4,5,6-trisubstituted ones.

and K+-3,2-HOPOHL-Ga (III) complexes were es-

On the other hand, Zn(II) complexes showed

1:1 complexes.
timated to be

The binding constants of
3.3×103

and

7.8×103M-1,

respec-lower insulin-mimetic activities than VOSO4 andtively, the ion selectivity of K+ toward Na + being

ZnSO4 as positive controls. It was found that themore than two-fold.

balance of the hydrophilicity and/or hydrophobicity is important for higher insulin-mimetic activ-

M. Yamaguchi, K. Wakasugi, R. Saito, Y. Adachi, Y.

ity.

Yoshikawa, H. Sakurai and A. Katoh：“Synthesis ofevaluated with streptozotocin (STZ)-induced dia-

Vanadyl and Zinc(II) Complexes of 1-Hydroxy-4,5,6-

betic rats.

substituted 2(1H)-pyrimidinones and Their Insu-

from hyperglycemic to normal levels after the

lin-mimetic Activities”, J. Inorg. Biochem., Vol. 100,

treatment

pp. 260-269, 2006.1

2-oxo-1-pyrimidinolato)oxovanadium(IV) by daily

邦文題目：1-ヒドロキシ-4,5,6-置換-2(1H)-ピリミジノン

intraperitoneal injections. The improvement in

類のバナジル及びジンク錯体の合成とそれらのインスリ

glucose tolerance was also confirmed by an oral

ン様活性

glucose tolerance test.

The in vivo insulin-mimetic activity was
Blood glucose levels were loweredwithbis(1,2-dihydro-4,6-dimethyl-Control of the glucose level in the blood plasma
has been achieved in vitro and in vivo by admini-

S. Aoyagi and M. Kudo：“Evaluation of Proteins Im-

stration of vanadium and zinc in form of inorganic

mobilized on Glass Substrates of Biosensor withsalts.

TOF-SIMS”, Journal of Surface Analysis, JSA,Vol.12

It has been shown that elements arepoorly absorbed in their inorganic forms and re-No.2, 2005.10

quired high doses which have been associated

邦文題目：ＴＯＦ−ＳＩＭＳによるバイオセンサのガラ

with undesirable side effects. Many researchers,

ス基板上に固定化したタンパク質の評価

therefore, have focused on metal complexes that

Time-of-flight secondary ion mass spectrometry

were prepared from VOSO4 or ZnSO4 and(TOF-SIMS) is capable of chemically visualizing

low-molecular-weight bidentate ligands.

Seven

proteins on insulated samples. Measurement ofandprotein distribution on material surfaces is in-

1-hydroxy-4,5,6-trisubstituted-2(1H)-pyrimi

dispensable for the development of high per-dinonesofformance biosensors. In this study, an immobi-

N-benzyloxyurea and β -diketones and subse-

lized probe protein, protein A immobilized on aquent removal of the protecting group. Six kinds

glass plate, and that of a sample protein, immu-of 1-hydroxy-4-(substituted)amino-2(1H)-pyrimi-

noglobulin G (IgG) in solution, reacting with pro-dinones were synthesized by the substitution re-tein A on the biosensor surface were measured byaction of 1-benzyloxy-4-(1’,2’,4’-triazol-1’-yl)-2(1H)

means of TOF-SIMS. Each protein immobilized-pyrimi- dinone with various alkyl amines oron the glass plate were measured with TOF-SIMS

amino acids. Treatment with VOSO4 and ZnSO4

to obtain reference spectra for data analysis using

or Zn(OAc)2 afforded vanadyl(IV) and zinc(II)mutual information, calculated as subtraction of acomplexes which were characterized by means ofposteriori information entropy from a priori in-

1H-NMR,

formation entropy indicates specific secondary ion

kinds

of

1-hydroxy-4,6-disubstituted
weresynthesizedbyreaction

IR, EPR, and UV-Vis spectroscopies,

and combustion analysis.

The in vitro insu-

peaks related to a certain protein in spectra.

lin-mimetic activity of these complexes was

Fragment ions specific to protein A and IgG, re-evaluated from 50% inhibitory concentrations

spectively, were selected to obtain the TOF-SIMS(IC50) on free fatty acid (FFA) release from iso-image of the proteins.

lated rat adipocytes treated with epinephrine.

−168−

N. Saikia, S. Kato and T. Kojima：“Thermogravimetricsome toxic elements like Pb, Cr, As, Cd, Se, B, Mo

investigation on the chloride binding behaviour ofand the volume of leachants passing through theMK-lime paste”, Thermochimica Acta, 444(2006),

columns. Raw and some treated residues were

pp.16-25, 2006.2

also characterized by XRD and SEM-EPMA tech-

邦文題目：メタカオリン・石灰ペースト中での塩素の結niques. We found that the concentrations of some

合挙動に関する熱重量解析

toxic elements present in the residues as well as

The hydration products of 2.5, 5 and 10% Cl-

in the leachant fractions collected at different

containing metakaolin (MK)–lime pastes aretime intervals after leaching were very high. The

compared with the same obtained from MK–limeamounts of soluble salts and toxic elements in thepaste to understand the chloride binding behav-

municipal solid waste incinerator (MSWI) ash

iour of MK during the hydration of cement. Re-

were higher than those in the other two residues.

sults indicate that 2.5% Cl- addition into the

The order of alkalinities of the three residues

MK–lime paste initially enhances the formation

was: fly ash (FA)>MSWI ash>sewage sludge ashof Friedel’s salt (Ca 2Al(OH) 6 Cl ･ 2H2O), but(SS ash). The final pH of the leachant was relatedFriedel’s salt decomposes at later stages due toto the volume of leachant passing through thethe formation of stratlingite (C2ASH8). In 5 andcolumn. Some leachant properties were related to

10% chloride containing pastes, Friedel’s salt isthe mineralogical compositions of the residues

observed throughout the reaction periods along

and to the secondary minerals formed during thewith the high amount of CSH. Small amount ofleaching period.

stratlingite is also formed on or after 60 day hydration of 5% Cl- containing MK–lime pastes. On

T. Hirukawa, N. Asaka, H. Hamano, K. Yamada and T.

the other hand, MK–lime-10% Cl- containing

Kojima ： “A Modeling Methodology of Large Scalepastes show the complete absence of stratlingite

Water Balance and Salt Accumulation for Afforesta-

and C4AH13 through out the hydration period,

tion in Arid Land”, J. Arid Land Studies, 15(4),which are the major hydration products of

pp.247-250, 2006.3

MK–lime paste. Mesuarements of pH of the

邦文題目：乾燥地植林のための大規模水バランス・塩

simulated pore fliuds help to understand the de-

類集積のモデル化手法

composition behaviour of Friedel’s salt. From the

As a countermeasure against global warming,

experimental results, chloride binding mecha-

large scale afforestation of arid land has beennism of MK–lime paste is also discussed.

done by fixing atmospheric CO2 into plants. In
arid land, however most of the rainwater is lost

N. Saikia, S. Kato and T. Kojima：“Composition andby runoff and evaporation. Effective use of rain-

Leaching Behaviours of Combustion Residues”, Fuel,water is required for afforestation. Thus, we

85(2006), pp.264-271, 2006.1

made an original runoff model to evaluate water

邦文題目：燃焼・焼却残さの組成と溶出挙動

distribution in a research area. In this study, weCombustion residues generated from different

report the effect of a concentration factor rate ofincineration processes create major environ-water gathering into creeks determined frommental problems because these materials contain

DEM (Digital Elevation Model) data. There was ahigh amounts of toxic substances. In this com-difference of 11.7 % in the numerically comouted

munication, we report leaching behaviours ofvalues for the fraction of the runoff water withthree residues along with their mineralogicaland without consideration of the concentration

compositions. Column leaching experiments atfactor. The model including the factor showed

two different pH values were conducted to study

reasonable results when compared to an empiri-

the leaching behaviours. Leachants were ana-

cally recognized value. Using this model, we in-lyzed to determine the pH, the concentrations ofvestigated a selection of suitable afforestation−169−

places and verified its influence on the water

existence of light.

balance.
E. Komaki, Y. Umezawa, S. Kato, H. Hamano and T.
H. Hamano, N. Saito, T. Kojima, S. Kato, M. Saito, A.

Kojima：“Quantitative Evaluation of Soil Improve-

Kinnear and K. Yamada：“Death of Trees in the Wheat

ment by Using Leaves of Eucalyptus Camaldulensis

Belt Western Australia : Indentification of the Causes

as a Soil Coditioner”, J. Arid Land Studies, 15(4),by Chemical Analysis of Soil”, J. Arid Land Studies,pp.279-282, 2006.3

15(4), pp.231-234, 2006.3

邦文題目：ユーカリの葉の混入による土壌改良効果の定

邦文題目：西豪州小麦地帯での樹木枯れ死：土壌の化学

量的評価
It is said that the aggregate structure of the soil

分析による原因特定
Establishment of techniques for carbon dioxide

has high water permeability and water retention(CO2) fixation through afforestation have been

capacity, and also it has high soil fertility. In thispreviously described. Land used for large scale

study, the soil improvement in the arid andafforestation for carbon sequestration should notsemi-arid land is assumed. Because Eucalyptus

compete with agricultural and high productivity

camaldulensis (E.C.) is a native species in theareas. Recently, agroforestry has been suggested

arid land, its leaf was used as a material to be

as a countermeasure for problems caused by sa-

mixed with the black soil for aggregate formation.

linity or waterlogging. The aim of our research is

To investigate the effect of the mixed fraction of

to determine the optimum method of afforestation

leaves, temperature, and water content on thefor land rehabilitation and the best mix between

aggregate formation, samples kept under various

crops and planting in semi-arid landscapes. Ourconditions were prepared. The time variations ofresearch area at Nielsen Farm in Western Aus-

the water permeability, water retention capacity

tralia has areas containing both live and deadand size distribution of aggregate were measured

trees. In this study, we aimed to understand thefor 20 months. The aggregate rate was increased

causes of tree death on this farm. Salinity prob-with time. And, the water permeability of thislems were identified from the results of chemical

sample was improved, and the water retention

analysis of soil and plant. However,there were

capacity declined with increase in the aggregate

also large seasonal fluctuations in groundwater

rate. The d? of the samples with various soil wa-

levels. It was shown that at Nielsen farm, salinity

ter contents, temperatures and its mixture frac-

and waterlogging problems occur simultaneously.

tions were measured after 6 months curing.
However, d? of the samples was hardly changed.

S. Kawarasaki, S. Kaneoya, H. Tanouchi, H. Hamano,

It has been found that the size distribution ofT. Kojima and K. Yamada：“Effect of temperature andaggregate greatly influences the soil physicallight on germination of 12 afforested trees in South

properties.

Western Australia”, J. Arid Land Studies, 15(4),pp.235-238, 2006.3

小島紀徳・鈴木 亨・金子昌弘・加藤 茂・劉 皓・上

邦文題目：南西オーストラリアにおける12植樹樹種の発

宮成之：「加圧流動層を用いた石炭チャーのCO2ガス化芽に及ぼす温度と光の影響

速 度 の 測 定 」 化 学 工 学 論 文 集 , 31(6), pp.466-469,

Germination traits (FGR: final germination

2005.11rate and T1/2: half of time to reach final germina-

A batch small-scale fluidized bed was placed intion) of twelve afforested trees in South Westerna pressure vessel to measure CO2 gasification

Australia, where salinity and water logging arerate of coal char under almost same conditions asreported, were examined. Almost all of themin the entrained bed coal gasifiers under devel-

could germinate better at lower temperature. T1/2

opment in Japan.

became shorter but FGR was not increased underrate to be measured under various conditions of−170−

This apparatus allowed theCO2 concentration, temperature up to 1773 K andteristic behavior which exhibits the change ofpressure up to 0.8 MPa for char produced at highshape of CNT during the peeling process, which

heating rate, without cooling of the produced char.

can be understood by the conflicts(競合) between

The rate increased with increased total pressure

van der Waals interaction energy and bendingat constant CO 2 concentration as well as with in-energy of CNT. This simulation shows an ele-creased concentration at constant total pressure.

mentary process of the peeling for much moreThus the gasification rate at a given temperature

longer CNT.

and its time variation of the char from the coalused in the present study were affected only by

K. Takizawa and Y. Yokota：“High accuracy and highthe partial pressure of CO 2, regardless of the total

sensitivity measurements of the electrooptic effect inpressure and CO2 concentration.

undoped and MgO-doped LiNbO 3 crystals”,Opt. Rev.,
Vol. 13, No. 3, pp.161-167, 2006.5

J. Fujimoto, T. Ishikawa, M. Jimbo, T. Kaneko, T. Kon,

邦文題目：ノンドープおよびMgOドープLiNbO 3結晶のY. Kurihara, M. Kuroda and Y. Shimizu : “New results

電気光学効果の高精度・高感度測定

from GRACE/SUSY at 1-loop”, Nucl. Phys. Proc.

Composite electro-optic coefficients rc

con-

Suppl., Vol.157, pp. 157-161, 2006.3

sisting of the unclamped electro-optic coefficients

邦文題目：１ループ自動計算GRACE/SUSYの最新結果

r13, r33 and the piezoelectric d-constant d31 in un-

We discuss the physical importance of the

doped and MgO-doped congruent LiNbO 3 were1-loop correction for several supersymmetricmeasured with sufficient precision by extracting

processes. The on-shell renormalization scheme

the fundamental and third harmonic components

in the framework of the MSSM is adopted andfrom photo-detection signals of the parallel Nicol

1-loop amplitudes are full-automatically calcu-

optics including the LiNbO 3 crystal driven bylated

systemvery small sinusoidal voltage. The analysis of re-

GRACE/SUSY is checked by the independence

lationship between multiple-reflection rays in theon the nonlinear gauge parameters.

electro-optic crystal and the measuring accuracy

with

GRACE

system.

The

indicates that anti-reflection films must be coated
N. Sasaki, A. Toyoda, H. Saitoh, N. Itamura, M.

on the end faces of the crystal for high-accuracy

Ohyama and K. Miura：“Theoretical Simulation of

measurements. Measured values of rc of undoped

Atomic-Scale Peeling of Single-Walled Carbon Nano-and MgO-doped congruent LiNbO3 crystals at a

tube from Graphite Surface” , e-J. Surf. Sci. Nanotech.

wavelength of 632.8 nm were 19.8±0.1 pm/V and4, pp. 133-137, 2006.1

19.2 ±0.1 pm/V, respectively.

邦文題目：単層カーボンナノチューブのグラファイト表
面からの原子スケール引き剥がしの理論シミュレーショ

K. Takizawa：“Three-dimensional large screen display

ン

using polymer-dispersed liquid crystal light valves
We performed the following molecular me-

and a Schlieren optical system: proposal and basic

chanics simulation of atomic-scale peeling ofexperiments”, Opt. Rev., Vol. 13, No. 1, pp.1-7, 2006.1

carbon nanotube (CNT) from the graphite sub-

邦文題目：高分子分散型液晶空間光変調素子とシュリー

strate surface. We have first obtained the theo-

レン光学系を組み合わせた3次元大画面ディスプレイの

retical “peeling force curve” of the CNT, where

提案と基礎実験

CNT physically adsorbed on the graphite sub-A novel stereoscopic projection display usedstrate surface is gradually peeled. In the simula-with polarized glasses is proposed. It consists oftion the single-walled carbon nanotube (SW-CNT)

polymer-dispersed liquid crystal light valves thatof the (3,3) armchair type with a length of 40.3Å

modulate the projected light based on light scat-comprised of 198 carbon atoms is used. It is clari-tering, a polarization beam splitter, and afied that the peeling force curve shows a charac-

Schlieren projection system. The light valve con-−171−

sists of a quarter-wave plate, a polymer-dispersed

More than 80% of reflected light is removable byliquid crystal layer and a thin film transistor ar-

the filter for incident light with an arbitrary po-

ray. The features of the display include alarization direction. It was confirmed that thethree-dimensional image display with a single

systems are useful to eliminate reflected-light

projector, half the size and half the power con-images for various image sensing, including out-

sumption of a conventional three-dimensional

door location shooting with strong reflected light.

projector. Measured electrooptic characteristics of

The second device is for color-temperature con-a polymer-dispersed liquid crystal cell with aversion. The filter was designed to compensate

thickness of 10-µm inserted between crossed andthe spectral difference between the sun and an

parallel Nicol optical system suggests that theincandescent lamp as illumination light sources.

proposed display system has performances such

The color temperature of light transmitted fromas small cross talk and high-extinction ratio.

the filter was varied almost from 3500K to 5000K
by changing voltage applied to the filter. TheseK. Takizawa：“Analysis of three-dimensional large

LC filters have been used in practical program

screen display using polymer-dispersed liquid crystal

production for television broadcasting.

light valves and a Schlieren optical system”, Opt. Rev.
Vol.13, No.1, pp.8-13, 2006.1

H. Kikuchi, H. Yamamoto, H. Sato, M. Kawakita, K.

邦文題目：高分子分散型液晶空間光変調素子およびシュ

Takizawa and H. Fujikake：“Bend-mode liquid crystal

リーレン光学系を用いた3次元大画面ディスプレイの解

cells stabilized by aligned polymer walls”, Jpn. J. Appl.

析

Phys., Vol.44, No.2, pp.981-989,2005
The performance of a novel three-dimensional

邦文題目：高分子壁構造のベンドモード液晶素子

image projector with polarized eyeglasses is ana-

We have studied ways of stabilizing the bend

lyzed that consists of polymer-dispersed liq-

configuration in p-cells by forming polymer walls.

uid-crystal light valves and a Schlieren optical

This novel device with polymer walls, which

system. The light valve consists of a quarter-wave

makes an initial splay-bend transition unneces-

plate, a polymer-dispersed liquid crystal layersary, incorporates minute structures fabricated by

and a thin film transistor array. Fundamental

applying the processes of local photopolymeriza-

characteristics such as the cross-talk and the ex-tion-induced phase separation and field orienta-

tinction-ratio of the novel stereoscopic projection

tion. In fabricating the device, a mixed solution of

display have been calculated by means of Mueller

nematic

matrices. Quantitative analyses show that the(UV)-curable liquid-crystalline monomer was

proposed display achieves small cross-talk of lesssubjected to an electric field to induce the bend

than 1% and sufficient extinction ratio almost thetransition, and UV light was illuminated on se-same as the light valve.

lected regions in this mixed solution to cause

liquidcrystalandanultraviolet

photopolymerization, so that minute aligned
H. Fujikake, H. Sato and K. Takizawa : “Volt-polymer walls could be selectively formed inside

age-Controlled Optical Filters Using Liquid Crystal

the device. We examined the operation of the de-for Image Sensing”, Photonics in Broadcasting Tech-vice and found that the bend-alignment cells

nology 2005, pp. 113-142, 2006.2

performed basic functions in the stable bend state,

邦文題目：ＴＶ画像処理用液晶光フィルタ

and that this state can be maintained even if the

Two types of electrically-controlled optical filter

cells are set to a small pre-tilt angle, such as 1°.

using liquid crystal (LC) for video image sensing
have been described. The first device is an LC

L. Jin, K. Takizawa, Y. Otani and N. Umeda：“Multi-

polarizing filter that reduces undesirable lightwavelength Muller matrix polarimeter”, Opt. Rev., Vol.

reflected from a window panel or watery surface.

12, No.4, pp.281-286,2005−172−邦文題目：ミューラー行列を利用した多波長ポラリメータ

H. Kikuchi and K. Takizawa：“Large screen projection

The retardation of two quarter-wave plates de-displays”, Photonics in Broadcasting Technology 2005,

signed for a particular wavelength decreases or

pp. 161-196, 2006.2

increases in accordance with the wavelength of

邦文題目：大画面投射型ディスプレイ

input light beam. Compensating the shifted re-This paper provides an overview of the re-tardation at each measurement wavelength al-quirements for large-screen displays that use liq-

lows us to get Muller matrices of samples at dif-uid crystal light valves (LCLVs). Various types offerent wavelengths without exchanging the plates.

LVLVs are described such as transmission-mode

Initial orientation errors of two quarter-wave

and reflection mode LCLVs consisting of aplates and an analyzer, which remain constantnematic LC layer and a thin film transistor array,through all wavelengths, are also taken into con-and optically addressed LCLVs consisting of asideration. The availability and accuracy of thisnematic LC layer, a dielectric mirror, a photo-polarimeter is assessed by measurement of aconductive layer, and an ITO transparent elec-

quarter-wave plate designed for 632.8 nm wave-

trode films. The analysis and experimental re-length. The experimental results show that thissults of the polymer-dispersed liquid crystal lightsystem is very attractive to measure opticalvalves developed by authors are reported in detail.

properties and dispersion in samples.

This novel light valve has a high performancesuch as high resolution, high transmission, andH. Kikuchi, Y. Uchida, Y. Fujisaki, H. Sato, H. Fujikake,high rise/dcay times and is suitable for su-

T. Kurita, K. Takizawa and F. Sato : “Orientation of

per-high-resolution, large-screen displays. Key

organic semiconductor films on photoreactive poly-technologies relating to LCLVs, trends in LCLV

imide films and its influence on field-effect transistor

projector application techniques and relevant re-characteristics”, Proc. Mater. Res. Soc. Symp. Vol.

searches, future tasks and future prospects are

871E ,p.I3.7.1-I3.7.6,2005

also described.

邦文題目：光反応性高分子膜上に形成された誘起半導体
T. Tsukuda, A. Nakamura, T. Arai and T. Tsubomura：

膜の配向と電界効果トランジスタ特性との関係
Field effect transistor consisting of a pentacene“Luminescence of Copper(I) Dinuclear Complexes

active-layer, a photoreactive polyimide layer, aBridged by DiphosphineLigands”, Bull. Chem. Soc.

Ta2O5 gate-insulator, a tantalum gate electrodeJpn., vol.79, pp.288-290, 2006.2

and a glass substrate was fabricated and the re-

邦文題目：ジホスフィン配位子で架橋した二核銅(I)錯体

lationship between the orientation and mobility ofのルミネッセンスpentacene and the polyimide surface-treatment-

Mixed-ligand dinuclear Cu(I) complexes con-layer was investigated. The channel length andtaining both diimine and diphosphine ligands

width of the transistor was 100µm and 2000µm,

have demonstrated interesting photophyisicalrespectively. It was confirmed experimentallyproperties; the complexes are emissive in solutionthat an increase in size of grain and the improvedat room temperature, even with 1,10-phenan-orientation of the pentacene because of the irra-

throline (phen) lacking a 2,9-substituted group.

diation of ultraviolet rays to the polyimide layer.
The field-effect hole mobility was improved from

K. Saito, T. Tsukuda and T. Tsubomura：“Synthesis

0.3 to 0.8 cm2/Vs and on/off current ratio was alsoand Luminescence of New Cu(I) Complexes Contain-

improved from 4.9 x 102 to 2.3 x 106, respectively

ing a Binap Ligand and a Diimine Ligand”, Bull.

by inserting the photoreactive polyimide film

Chem. Soc. Jpn., vol.79, pp.437-441, 2006.3

between the pentacene-active layer and the

邦文題目：BINAP配位子とジイミン配位子を含む新規銅Ta2O5-gate insulator.

(I)錯体の合成とルミネッセンス
A series of novel Cu(I) complexes with an−173−s-binap

ligandandligand,the well known steep and hysteretic mode transi-[Cu(s-binap)(phen)]PF6,

tion appeared. On the other hand, gentler tran-

and [Cu(s-binap)(dmp)]PF6, were synthesized,

sition with no hysteretic character was observed

where bpy = 2,2'-bipyridine, phen = 1,10- phe-in a constant power operation. In the latter case,[Cu(s-binap)(bpy)]PF6,adiiminenanthroline, dmp = 2,9-dimethyl-1,10- phenan-

the composition of deposited films could be con-throline, and s-binap = (S)-2,2'-bis (diphenyl-

trolled by the oxygen flow rate, and the depend-

phosphino)-1,1'-binaphthyl. All three complexes

ence was examined with X-ray photoelectronshow intense photoluminescence in the solid state,

spectroscopy. The transition of the film compo-

whereas [Cu(s-binap)(dmp)]PF6 is a compara-sition x from 0.5 to 2.0 was observed in a flow rate

tively good emitter in CH2Cl2 solutions. These

region of oxygen lower than the sputtering mode

luminescence bands have been assigned to thetransition occurred. It can be attributed to theemission from ³MLCT states. The complexes

non-uniform deposition of Si atoms which work as[Cu(s-binap)(bpy)]PF6 and [Cu(s-binap)(dmp)]PF6

oxygen absorber.

were characterized by X-ray structure analyses.
Although the distorted tetrahedral structures

S.-J. Seo, Y.-J. Choi. T. Akaike, A. Higuchi and C.-S.

around the central metals of the two complexes

Cho : “Alginate/galactosylated chitosan/heparin scaf-

are similar, the photophysical properties of thefold as a new synthetic extracellular matrix for hepa-

dmp complex differ from those of the other com-

tocytes”, Tissue Engineering, 12(1), pp. 33-44, 2006.1

plexes in solution. The structures and the photo-

邦文題目：肝細胞用の新規な合成細胞外マトリックスとphysical properties of the three complexes have

してのアルギン酸/ガラクトース化キトサン/ヘパリン鋳been discussed.

型
A bioartificial liver (BAL) device is expected to

飯村靖夫・多久島和弘・中野武雄・馬場 茂：「電力一定

be an alternative method for treatment of liver

放電下の反応性スパッタリングによる酸化シリコンの組

failure, which is mostly dependent on liver trans-

成制御」“Stoicheometry Control of Silicon Oxide Films

plantation. Formation of multicellular hepatocyteby the Reactive Sputter Deposition with Constantspheroids in the three-dimensional culture is a

Power Operation”，真空, vol.49, no.3, pp.171-173，

potential approach for enhancing liver-specific2006.3functions in bioartificial liver devices. As a syn-

The mode transition of the DC reactive sputter

thetic extracellular matrix for hepatocytes, adeposition process has been studied for the fab-highly porous hydrogel scaffold was fabricatedrication and the stoichiometry control of SiOx

with alginate, galactosylated chitosan and hepa-

films. At a fixed Ar flow rate of 20 sccm and a

rin through electrostatic interaction. The resultspressure of 1 Pa (hence the pumping speed wassuggest that hepatocytes as stable spheroids en-

also fixed), oxygen flow rate was modified and thehance liver-specific functions in the sponges, pro-transition between the metal and oxide modes

viding a new synthetic extracellular matrix towas monitored by the cathode voltage. With adesign BAL devices.

constant current operation of a DC power source,

情

報

科

学

科

青木正喜・安田 升 : 「車載遠赤外線カメラを用いた歩像を表示する装置，歩行者を検出してドライバーに行者検出」コンピュータビジョンとイメージメディア，

知らせ注意を喚起する装置等が実用化されている。

Vol. 47, No. SIG5(CVIM13), pp. 1-9，2006.3

本稿ではまず，遠赤外線の特徴，遠赤外線カメラの車載遠赤外線カメラを用いた歩行者検出の研究が技術動向について解説する。つぎに遠赤外線画像の進んでいる。運転者への視覚支援として遠赤外線画

特 徴と画像処理について述べ ，昨年開催された−174−

IV2005とOTCBVS'05の2つの自動車関係の国際学

束条件マトリックスがブロック対角構造を持つこと

会で発表された論文を中心として，車載カメラを用を明らかにする。そして，その構造を利用した部分

いた遠赤外線画像の歩行者検出への応用を概観する。

問題軸アプローチという考え方を提案し，これに基づくアルゴリズムで問題を解く。アルゴリズムは，

S. Katahara and M. Aoki : “Vehicle Detection Using

実際の病棟の問題に対し非常に質の良い勤務表を効

Double Slit Camera”, Lecture Note in Computer Sci-

率良く与えることができた。提案するモデルとアプ

ence Vol. 3852, Computer Vision-ACCV2006 Part II,

ローチは，海外のナース・スケジューリングはもち

pp. 162-170, Springer-Verlag, Berlin Heidelberg, 2006

ろん，医療，介護，サービス業等の中でも，勤務の邦文題目：2重スリットカメラを用いた車両検出

質が特に要求されるようなスタッフ・スケジューリ

We propose one-directional traffic flow meas-

ングに適用可能である。

urement method using double slit camera. Twoslit cameras are installed in overhead location

池上敦子・緒方洋平・森田隼史・土谷 隆：「訪問介護スwith longitudinal alignment. They shoot real

タッフ・スケジューリング」統計数理研究所共同研究レ

traffic scene in downward direction. Slit camera

ポート191「最適化：モデリングとアルゴリズム19」，

outputs pseudo two-dimensional image that con-pp.302ｰ316，2006.3

sists of space domain and time domain. We detect

訪問介護におけるヘルパーのスケジューリングで

vehicles from statistical pixel value of each line ofは，利用者のサービスを確実にカバーすることが何

a slit. Standard deviation is effective to detect

よりも大事であり，穴をあけることは決して許されbright color vehicles. We use the changes of aない。ヘルパーの勤務表と利用者へのサービス提供

standard deviation and a change of an average as

表を作成する担当者は，利用者が必要とするサービ

well as the standard deviation to detect dark color

スとその時刻ならびに利用者宅の地理的情報，そしvehicles. We detect traffic flow parameters suchて，ヘルパーの勤務可能日や勤務可能時間帯ならび

as occupancy, time headway and time betweenにスキルレベルの情報を頭に入れ，毎月，このスケ

two cars using slit camera. In double slit con-

ジューリングをおこなうことになる。この他に，ヘfiguration, we detect spot speed of vehicles by the

ルパーにとっての空き時間を極力作らない，ヘルパ

time difference of its appearance at each slit. We

ー間の負荷の偏りがないようにする，利用者にとっestimate vehicle length by normalizing the vehi-てヘルパーの偏りのないようにする，さらに，ヘルcle region. We also divide vehicles into type ofパーと利用者の相性等，さまざまな条件を考慮しな

vehicle by length.

ければならない。その作成に，昼夜あわせて数日を要する場合もあるという。そこで，本研究では，問池上敦子：「ナース・スケジューリング-調査・モデリン

題の数理的構造を明らかにし，問題のモデル化やア

No.2, pp.231-259，
グ・アルゴリズム-」
統計数理，Vol.53，

ルゴリズム開発に必要な情報を整理する。具体的に2005.12は，訪問介護事業所の勤務表作成担当者に対して，医療の現場では,人の命に関わる業務をおこなっ

スケジューリングにおいての考慮点，スケジューリていることから，そのスタッフらで構成される勤務

ングにおける負荷，利用しているツール等関するアの質が非常に厳しく求められている。特に，24時間

ンケート調査をおこなったので，その結果を報告す

切目ない活動が要求される病棟ナースの勤務表作成る。そして，アンケート調査結果から明らかになっ（ナース・スケジューリング）では，看護の質とスたスケジューリングのための「制約条件」と「目標タッフ・ナースの生活の質の両方を守るべきことかとなる考慮点」を整理し，この問題を扱う数理モデ

ら，非常に多くの種類の制約が存在し，解くことがルを提案する。

困難な組合せ問題となっている。この論文では，現場調査に基づくモデル化から適用までの「問題解決T. Abe and M. Iwasaki：“Exact and approximate in-の全過程」を紹介することにより，本研究の最近のferences for an exponential mean from type-I censored

成果を報告する。先ず，ナース・スケジューリング

data”, Bulletin of Informatics and Cybernetics, Vol. 37,

を数理計画モデルで記述することにより，問題の拘pp. 31-39. 2005. 9−175−邦文題目：タイプⅠの打ち切りデータに基づく指数平均

tency between testing and estimation in theの正確および近似推測

presence of ties is another problem. The aim of

Statistical inferences for an exponential mean

this paper is to propose a modified procedure tofrom Type I right censored data is considered in

reduce such difficulties. In constructing confi-

this paper. Most inferential procedures developed

dence intervals, the mid-P value is also taken into

so far are conditional in the sense that they canaccount in addition to the usual P-value. Conse-

be used only when the number of observed life-

quently, our modified intervals have actual con-time data is not zero. One of the aims of this pa-

fidence coefficient closer to the nominal value

per is to remove this restriction so that it allows

than those obtained by the conventional method.

zero observed frequency case. An expression for

A modification of usual sign test is also intro-

exact unconditional probability calculus is given.

duced, which is consistent with the interval es-

The second aim of this paper is to evaluate cer-

timation.

tain approximate procedures by using the exact
formula developed in this paper whether or not

T. Ueda and K. Hoshino: “Estimation of firms effi-they give sensible numerical values.

ciencies using a Kalman filter and stochastic efficiency model”, JORSJ, Vol.48, No.4, pp.308-317, 2005

岩崎 学・吉田清隆：「稀な事象の生起確率に関する統計

邦文題目：カルマンフィルタと確率的効率性モデルを用的推測−Rule of Three とその周辺−」計量生物学，Vol.

いた企業効率性の推定

26，No. 2，pp. 53-63．2005.12

The efficiencies of firms should be evaluated,

薬剤の市販後に生じる重篤な副作用などの稀な事

based on their historical financial data. Here a

象の生起に関して Rule of Three なる法則がある。

process for evaluation is proposed. Each historical

これは「n 人調べて１度も事象が観測されなくても，

data set is reduced to a distribution function with

他の n 人中の３人に事象が観測される可能性があa mean and a variance estimated by Kalman filter.

る」というものである。本論文では，このルールをThen, a stochastic efficiency model is applied to「n 人調べて k 人に観測された事象は，他の n 人

this reduced data. Then a new efficiency measure

中の nk 人に観測される可能性がある」という形にis proposed and compared with existing measures.

一般化する。さらに，「n 人調べて k 人に観測されAn application is made to three kinds of firms.

た事象が別の n 人で mk 人以上に観測された場合には事象の発生確率が増えたと判断する」という形

山本瑞秋・米倉達広・岡本秀輔・鎌田 賢・荒木俊郎：「状のルールも提案する。

態遷移図を用いたWebブラウザのカスタマイズ手法の提案」電子情報通信学会2種研究会 サイバーワールド(CW)

M. Iwasaki : “Less conservative distribution-free con-

第２回研究会, pp.1-4,2006.1

fidence intervals and tests for the median”, Japanese

本稿では, 能動的なWeb ブラウジング支援を目Journal of Biometrics, Vol. 26, No. 2, pp. 65-80.

的とした, ユーザ指向のWeb ブラウザの作成手法

2005.12を提案する。 従来のWeb ブラウジングでは, CGI

邦文題目：中央値に関する保守的でないノンパラメトリ

やJavaScript を用いた動的なWeb ページであってックな信頼区間と検定

も, プログラムはWeb サイト側で記述されるため,

The sign test is a best known statistical tech-

情報の受け手でしかなかった。 このため, 状態遷移

nique to make inferences about the population

図を用いてユーザ自身がWeb ブラウザの振る舞い

median. In spite of their wide applicability theを決定できるような, Web ブラウザの自動生成シ

sign test and the confidence interval still have

ステムを試作したので, 報告する。

several problems. One notable difficulty is theconservativeness of confidence intervals in the

岡本秀輔・米倉達広・鎌田 賢：「対話型アニメのための

sense that the actual confidence coefficients are

仮想共有スペース」電子情報通信学会2種研究会 サイバ

greater than the nominal value. The inconsis-ーワールド(CW)第２回研究会, pp.5-8, 2006.1−176−

Islay は対話型アニメを作成するためのツールでを表そうとしたりインタラクティブアニメーションある。対話型アニメに登場するキャラクタは，アニを作ろうとすると複雑化してしまう。対話型アニメ

メ視聴者からのキーやマウスの入力に反応することーション作成ツールであるIslay では，紙の上で設ができる。キャラクタの動作は状態遷移図によって計した，あるいは頭で思い浮かべた状態遷移図を直規定されるため，自律的に振る舞うことができると接的，直観的にアニメーションにできる初心者に優ともに，視聴者の制御の下に動くこともできる。本

しいユーザインタフェースを提供している。
そこで，報告では，このようなキャラクタが登場する対話型

本 稿 で は Islay で 記 述 さ れ た ア ニ メ ー シ ョ ン を

アニメのアニメフィールドを，複数の視聴者で仮想Flash 形式で出力するトランスレータを実装する

的に共有させることで，サイバーワールドにおけることにより，状態遷移図に基づくFlash Animation

アバタとしてキャラクタを振る舞わせるための基本の記述環境を実現する。

技術とその効果について述べる。
下村達也・岡本秀輔・米倉達広・鎌田 賢：「対話型アニ下村達也・岡本秀輔・米倉達広・鎌田 賢：「対話型アニ

メ作成ツールIslayへの力学法則の導入」情報処理学会シ

メ作成ツールIslayへの力学法則の導入」電子情報通信学

ンポジウムシリーズ, Vol.2006, No.4(インタラクション

会 ２種研究会 サイバーワールド(CW) 第2 回研究会 ,2006),付属CD-ROM, 2006.3

pp.39-44, 2006.1

Islay(アイラ) は，キャラクタの動作を有限状態機

対話型アニメーション作成ツールであるIslay に械として記述する対話型アニメーション作成ツール

おいて，キャラクタの動作は有限状態機械として記である。Islay で作成されたアニメはiasl インタプ

述される。状態は，出力として表示画像や移動など

リタによって実行される。一つの状態は，出力としのアクションをもつ。どのような運動でも移動を細て表示する画像とキャラクタの移動を行うアクショ

かく指定すれば任意の精度で近似できるが，膨大なンに対応している。状態の数を増やして各状態での数の状態が必要となる。連続的に変化する位置や速移動量を細かく設定すれば，どのような運動でも任度などは，有限個の状態で表現するよりは，むしろ，意の精度で近似できるが，膨大な数の状態が必要と力学法則によって自動的に定まるべきものである。

なってしまう。連続的に変化する位置や速度などのそこで，本報告では，力を作用させることだけを状

物理状態は，物理法則にしたがって自動的に決まる態のアクションとして許し，位置や速度などの力学べき量であるので，表示画像のような論理状態とは的な状態は力学法則に従って定めるようにIslay 改

切り離して扱うほうが自然である。そこで，本報告良する。また，他の物理法則の法則の導入が容易にでは，論理状態から物理状態への関与として，力をなるように，様々な法則を動的に切り替えて呼び出作用させることだけを許し，位置や速度などの物理せるように実装した。

状態は力学法則に従って定めるように，Islay およびその実行系であるiasl を改良する。この改良にお中川昌幸・岡本秀輔・鎌田 賢・米倉達広：「状態遷移図いて，物理状態の更新機構はプラグインとして実装に基づいたFlash Animation記述環境」情報処理学会シしてある。そのため，プラグインの取り換えるだけ

ンポジウムシリーズ, Vol.2006, No.4(インタラクション

で，他の物理法則の導入も容易となっている。

2006), pp.50-51, 2006.3
Web 上で提供されているオンラインゲームやイ

山河旬之介・米倉達広・野口 宏・岡本秀輔：「大規模分

ンタラクティブアニメーションの多くは，

散仮想空間の滑らかな操作方法」電子情報通信学会2種

Macromedia Flash でかかれている。Macromedia研究会 サイバーワールド(CW)第3回研究会, pp.29-32,

Flash MX などのFlash 制作ツールでインタラク

2006.3

ティブなコンテンツを作成しようとすると，図柄の近年，ネットワークをアミューズメント等に用いデザインのみならず，ActionScript を駆使したプロるソリューションの報告が盛んにされている。特にグラミングが必要である。Flash Maker などのツー

ネットワーク技術の発展と利用者の増大により大規

ルは予め決められたアクションパターンの組み合わ模なオンラインゲームへの要求等が増加している。

せとしてアニメーションを作成できる。ユーザは従来，こうした多人数をサポートする大規模分散仮ActionScript を記述しなくてもよいが，複雑な動き

想環境（以下DVE と略記）は，Server-Client モデ−177−

one-fiber WDM system.

ルが主流であった。しかしながら，サーバへの負荷の集中などが問題として挙げられており，それらに対する主な方策としてマルチサーバの利用が考案さ

K. Okada and K. Oguchi : “Design and verification of

れているが，トラフィックの増大への効率的回避の

wavelength function in WDM networks using wave-

検討や，効果的な利用に関する考察は充分になされlength transfer matrix approach”, Proceedings ofていない。そこで本研究では，分散マルチサーバ型

SPIE, Vol. 6022, Network Architectures, Management,のDVE 方式において，DVE 空間操作の滑らかさを

and Applications III, pp.438-445, 2006.1

犠牲にせずに突発的なトラフィック発散の低下を図

邦文題目：波長伝達マトリクス法を用いたＷＤＭネット

る具体的な方策を考案したので報告する。

ワーク波長機能の設計と確認
This paper describes the wavelength transfer

K. Oguchi, K. Tojo, T. Okodo, Y. Tsuchida, T. Yama-

matrix that is a powerful approach to designing

guchi and T. Murooka : “Next-generation home net-and verifying the wavelength routing needed forworking and relevant technologies”, Proc. SPIE Vol.

complicated WDM (Wavelength Division Multi-

5626, Network Architectures, Management, and Ap-

plexing) networks. Its basic form and some ex-plications II, pp. 163-168, 2005.2

tensions are first described. Then, a full mesh

邦文題目：次世代ホームネットワークとその関連技術

WDM PON (Passive Optical Network) system

This paper introduces the next generationthat can directly connects both ONUs (Opticalhome network that will accommodate various

Network Unit) and an OLT (Optical Line Termi-

services with different quality requirements.

nal) is proposed.

Technical study items for realizing the network

lyzed in terms of wavelength by using the wave-

are also described.

length transfer matrix method. The potential is

Current technologies are

overviewed to clarify what will be needed for

Its functionality is also ana-

also verified.

further consideration.
S. Nomura, T. Takizawa, S. Endo and M. Kai : “ElecN. Sugimoto, S. Fukushima, Y. Sakai, K. Oguchi and Y.

tronic States of Lanthanides in the Ternary Thio-

Akatsu : “A small optical Ethernet PC card for fi-

gallate CaGa2S4 in View of Relativistic First Principle

ber-to-the-notebook PCs and its applications”, Proc.

Calculation”,15th International Conference on Ter-SPIE Vol. 5625, Optical Transmission, Switching, andnary and Multinary Compounds(ICTMC15), 応用物理

Subsystems II, pp. 491-497, 2005.2

学会, 2006.3

邦文題目：ファイバ・ツウ・ザ・ノートブックＰＣ用小邦文題目：相対論第一原理計算による三元チオガレート型光イーサネットＰＣカードとその応用化合物CaGa2S4中のランタノイド元素の電子状態

This paper proposes a concept for a new optical
Ethernet

interface

card

for

FTTD

High efficient visible light emitting devices(Fi-

have been expected on some lanthanide (Ln)-ber-To-The-Desktop), and discusses application

doped thiogallates, especially on CaGa2S4:Ln.

areas of the proposed card. Two steps for realizing

Now, detailed knowledge on the optoelectronic

the concept are described:

mechanism is necessary for the materials design

A one fiber 100 Mbit

optical Ethernet PC card was fabricated by ap-

and device engineering.

plying a hybrid integrated optical transceiver

The electronic states of lanthanide elements

module and an MU connector. And, a Gbit opti-

doped into the ternary thiogallate CaGa2S4 arecal Ethernet PC card was fabricated for the firstinvestigated from the relativistic first principle

time and its performance was also evaluated.

calculations by the discrete variational method

These cards could become the future standard inwith Xa potentials (relativistic DV-Xa), one of the

the

(Fi-

cluster methods of molecular orbital calculations.

ber-To-The-Notebook PCs) era as they are suit-

We have already reported the nonrelativistic

able for notebook PCs and can be operated in

calculations using SCAT for the lanthanide-doped

comingoptical

FTTD/FTTN−178−

CaGa2S4 as the first stage of our investigation. In

ognized in the relativistic calculation. On thethis work, we newly produce a parallel processing

other hand, the best SCF convergence without

C++ program of the relativistic DV-Xa on the ba-

lattice deformation shifts from YbCa to HoCa sub-sis of the original non-parallel processing FOR-

stitutions by taking into account the relativistic

TRAN program of RSCAT. The relativistic DV-Xa

quantum effects. Thus, the lattice deformation

is suitable for investigating local electronic states

due to the LnCa substitution is highly affected byincluding 4f and/or 5f atomic orbitals. However,the number of 4f electrons of the lanthanide ele-

the calculation needs a lot of time especially forment.

some rather low symmetrical clusters such as

In general, 4f electrons of lanthanide atoms are

CaGa2S4 (belonging to the orthorhombic crystal

considered to be highly localized because of theirsystem with a space group Fddd:2). Accordingly,

large orbital angular momentum. In the CaGa2S4

the parallel processing computation is practicallycluster, however, our calculations have shownindispensable for this kind of calculation.

that they were hybridized with 3p and 3d elec-

The relativistic DV-Xa calculations are carriedtrons of the nearest S atoms, and with 4s and 4p

out on the spherical clusters of CaGa2S4:Ln where

electrons of the next nearest Ga atoms, to form

each Ln atom is set at the cluster center of a Camolecular orbitals even for nonrelativistic calcu-

site, assuming the Ln Ca substitution as is gener-

lations except for Dy and Er. Moreover, the rela-ally accepted. We have reported on the lattice

tivistic quantum effects promote the hybridiza-deformation induced by the LnCa substitution intion. As for the valence of Ln, the effective

view of the SCF convergence in the DV-Xa calcu-

charges of LnCa in CaGa2S4 are calculated to belation. Some lattice contraction has to be taken

typically Ln+, or monovalent ions, which is clearly

into account remarkably around the lightweight

far from the normally accepted feature that thelanthanide atoms for the nonrelativistic calcula-lanthanide elements in crystals tend to be Ln2+ ortion. For example, the CeCa substitution induces

Ln3+. In addition, the spin-orbit splitting for thethe lattice contraction by 15%, which is also rec-4f levels of Ln is discussed.

エレクトロメカニクス学科
安達弥真人・二ノ宮晃・瓜生芳久・石郷岡猛・三戸利行・

T. Ishigohka, T. Tsuchiya, Y. Adachi, A. Ninomiya, N.

今川信作・柳 長門・関口温朗・山田修一：「ファジー理Yanagi, K.Seo, H. Sekiguchi, S. Yamada, S. Imagawa

論を用いた大型ヘリカル装置超電導コイルシステムのク

and T.Mito : “AE Measurement of the LHD Helical

エンチ検出」低温工学, 40巻3号，pp.93-99, 2005

Coils”,IEEE Transactions on Applied Superconductiv-

大型超電導コイルの運転状況の把握と早期のクエ
ンチ検出の可能性を検討するために，ファジー理論

ity, Vol.15, No.2, 1423-1426, 2005.6
邦文題目：ＬＨＤヘリカルコイルのＡＥ計測による検討を実施している。ここで検討したコイル

本論文は，核融合科学研究所のLHDヘリカルコイ

は，核融合科学研究所で実施されている大型超電導

ルのアコースティック・エミッション(AE)信号を励

ヘリカルコイルである。ここでは，本手法の監視精磁中連続計測して，運転時のコイルの安定性を検討

度の向上を図るために，これまで検討していたコイしたものである。これまで本装置にはAEセンサが取ル電流，バランス電圧，ヘッダー圧力に新たに実行り付けられてなく，AE信号と擾乱発生の関係が必ず蓄積熱量をメンバーシップ関数に加えて検討評価ししも明確では無かったが，ここでの計測によりバラた。評価表示方法は，警戒率を0〜１で表して0.5かンス電圧の発生と同期したAE信号が捕らえられて

ら0.6を警戒レベル，0.6以上を危険レベルとして評

おり，導体の動きに起因した機械的な擾乱がコイル価した。得られた結果からは，クエンチ直前に警戒内に発生していることが本計測により確認することレベルを超える状況を検出することができ，良好なができた。

結果を得ることができた。

−179−

M. Hamabe, S. Mizutani, A. Sasaki, T. Kasukabe, S.

sound and tactile tiles as were used in experimentMiwa, T.Yamaguchi, K. Nakamura, S.Yamaguchi, A.

1 were employed as cues for indicating the initial

Ninomiya, H. Okumura and Ching-Shiang Hwang :walking direction. The ambient sound conditions“Application of Peltier-Current-Lead for Reduction ofwere also the same as those used in experiment 1

Heat Leakage in Helium-Free-Magnet” , Transactions

except that they differed in intensity (high/low).

of the Materials Research Society of Japan, Vol.30,

Thirteen blindfolded male subjects aged 21 to 51

No2, pp.527-530, 2005.6

years old participated in the experiment.
Both experiments revealed that exposure to

邦文題目：無冷媒超伝導マグネットの熱侵入低減策におambient sound had the effect of causing subjects

けるペルチェー電流リードの適応
ここでは，ペルチェ電流リード（PCL）を低温シ

to veer significantly from their paths in a direc-

ステムの熱損失減少に利用させることを提案していtion that was opposite to the source of the sound.

る。ビスマスーテルルのような熱電半導体は，低熱

Veering from the path was directly proportional

伝導率とペルチェ効果が期待できる素子である。こto intensity of the ambient sound. Cues for the

れを常温部と低温部の境界に利用して通電させるこ

initial walking direction had no significant effectとで，低温部への熱侵入を低減させることが期待で

on the subjects' paths, but the tendency to veer

きる。ここでは，伝導冷却用超伝導マグネットを用from paths was greater for the auditory cue

いてＰＣＬ電流リード部の上下温度を通電電流を変compared to the tactile cues.

化させながら計測し，電流値に対する特性として検討した。その結果，電流の増加とともにＰＣＬ部の視覚遮断直進歩行において，歩行中の周囲音が歩上下の温度差が大きくなることを確認した。あわせ行者の方向判断に及ぼす影響を調べた。最初の実験て従来行われている銅のリード部との比較も行っ

では，３つの周囲音条件を設定した。３つのうち２た。これよりＰＣＬが熱侵入低減に大きく寄与するつの条件では進路の左右に置かれた２つのスピーカことが確かめられた。

のいずれかから，歩行中白色雑音を出力した。残りの１条件では，スピーカから音を出さなかった。被大倉元宏・三浦崇路・富永友樹・丸山雄大・池上敦子：「周験者は目隠しを施した21歳から50歳の12名の男性

囲音が視覚遮断直進歩行に及ぼす影響」人間工学，Vol.42，であった。被験者は出発地点において，音（白色雑No.2，pp.119-125，2006.4

音），触覚タイル，あるいは壁面のうち，いずれか一The effect of ambient sound conditions on the

つを手がかりとして出発方向を決めた。その後，被performance of blindfolded pedestrians to judge

験者はいずれかの周囲音条件のもとで，直進歩行を

direction while walking in a straight line was求められた。実験2では，実験１と同じ音と触覚タ

tested. Subjects were exposed to three different

イルを出発方向の手がかりとして用いた。周囲音条

ambient sound conditions while walking in the

件についても，音圧を２種類(高／低)設定した以外

first experiment. White noise was emitted from

は実験１と同じであった。13名の目隠しをした21歳

one of two loudspeakers placed on the walls of theから51歳の男性を被験者とした。

laboratory half way down path the pedestrians

両実験とも，周囲音が歩行軌跡をその音源とは反were required to walk down in two out of three

対の側に有意に偏軌させるという結果を示した。そconditions. In the other experimental condition,

して，その音圧が高いと偏軌の程度が強まった。出

no sound was emitted from the speakers. Twelve

発方向の手がかりは歩行軌跡に有意な影響は持たな

blindfolded male subjects aged 21 to 50 years old,

いが，触覚に比べて聴覚的手かがりでは，左右へのwere asked to determine the initial walking di-

偏軌の程度が大きくなる傾向がみられた。

rection using one of three cues, a sound (white
noise), tactile tiles or a wall, at the starting point

小方博之・山本紗恵子：「状態認識の不確実性を考慮した

before walking down the path. Subjects were then

実技評価システム」日本テスト学会誌, Vol. 2, No. 1, pp.

asked to walk in a straight line under each am-

101-111, 2006.3

bient sound condition. In experiment 2, the same−180−

筆者らは，実世界における作業動作をカメラなど

のセンサで観察し，認識することによって，受験者

character image quality was saturated at aboutのスキルを定量化する実技評価システムの開発に取250 ppi for anti-aliased fonts and 350-400 ppi for

り組んでいる。小方・五十嵐(2005)では，実際にシbi-level fonts. However, the jaggedness of the

ステムを構築することによって，実技評価の自動化

bi-level font characters was still perceived at pixelの可能性を示したが，同時に作業の認識の不確実性

density of 400 ppi. Therefore, the required pixelへの対処が重要な課題であることも明らかになった。

density for computer displays with bi-level fonts

本論文では，作業の認識におけるロバスト性の向上

is much higher than the state of the art.

と，認識の不確実性を考慮したスキル定量化法の検討の両面から，この問題への対処を行う。

橋本竹夫・波多野滋子・学外者2名：「ポーラス吸気ダク
トとヘルムホルツレゾネータ併用による車内音の音質改

窪田 悟・小田泰久・高橋由佳：「LCDの画素密度と文善効果-吸気系の対策効果について-」自動車技術会論文

字表示品質との関係」映像情報メディア学会誌，Vol.60，

集, Vol.36, No.3, pp.83-89, 2005.5

No.3, pp.405-408, 2006.3

A porous intake duct recently used as a coun-

We investigated the effects of pixel density, an-termeasure to reduce high frequency contents oftialiasing, and stroke width on the subjective

intake duct noise reduces sharpness of the sound

image

on

and has a good effect for the improvement ofhigh-density liquid-crystal displays (LCDs). We

sound quality of car interior noise. On the otherused 6 × 4.5 photographs to simulate thehand, by introducing a porous intake duct system,high-density LCDs. The simulated LCDs with 70

the low frequency contents of sound sometimes

different display conditions were consist of 7 pixel

dominates and it makes us feel the sound boom-

densities (100 to 400 ppi stepped by 50 ppi), 5

ing. So, in order to avoid this unwanted situa-

stroke widths, and 2 font types (anti-aliased fonttion, to make the balance between the low andand bi-level font). The character size was fixed athigh frequency contents of intake duct noise

about 3 mm. The display luminance was set toproperly is important for achieving good sound150 cd/m2 and a contrast ratio of 30:1. At a 30-cm

quality.

viewing distance, 30 subjects assessed the char-result how to realize this condition by the parallel

acter image quality of the 70 simulated LCDs.

use of Helmholtz resonator.

qualityofcharacters

displayedThis paper describes the experimental

The results indicated the subjective evaluation of

共

通

基

礎

K. Tanaka, K. Taguchi, S. Iwata and T. Irie : “Appli-

erty is applied to the molecular switch in the hy-

cation of Benzoyl-Substituted Hemithioindigo as adrogen-bonded

Molecular Switch in Porphyrin-Quinone Recognition”,

5,15-cis-bis (ureidophenyl) porphyrin.

Supramolecular Chemistry, Vol. 17, No 8, pp. 637-642,
2005.12
邦文題目：ベンゾイル置換したヘミチオインジゴのポル
フィリン‐キノン認識における分子スイッチとしての応用
Irradiation of benzoyl-substituted hemithioindigo
1 produced the [2+4] cycloadduct 2, instead of
the usual Z-E isomerization product.

The

cycloadduct 2 is completely dissociated back to 1
on heating; the interconversion between 1 and 2shows good repeatability.

The reversible prop-−181−

quinonerecognitionofthe