2024 年度 A

英語

（30 分）＜注意＞
1．開始のチャイムが鳴るまで、この冊子を開いてはいけません。
2．問題は１ページから 7 ページに印刷されています。
3．受験番号と氏名は解答用紙の定められたところに記入しなさい。
4．解答はすべて解答用紙の定められたところに記入しなさい。

受 験 番 号

試験問題は１ページから始まります。

Ⅰ 次の（1.

2.

）に入る最も適切な語（句）を１つずつ選び、記号で答えなさい。

I was spoken（）by a stranger on the street.

あ．on

い．withCan you give us（あ．few

3.

4. （6.

9.

）soccer.

い．playsう．to playing

え．to play

い．Asう．Even

え．Though）?

あ．it

え．the oneYour story（い．themう．one）be true. It sounds unbelievable.
い．cannotIs there anything you（あ．want to me

8.

え．a little

I want a book to read on the plane. Could you lend me（あ．may
7.

う．a fewい．little）we climbed up the mountain, the air grew colder.

あ．If
5.

え．to）bit more information?

The children went to the park（あ．playう．inう．want me to）with when I was a child.

あ．who I playい．that I playう．who I played

え．that I played

How about（え．don’t have to）get you from the supermarket?

い．to me want

These are the toys（う．will）in the sea tomorrow?

あ．going swimmingい．go to swimう．going to swimming

え．go swimming

10. Eriko doesn’t look happy. I wonder（）her so sad.

あ．what madeい．why madeう．where madeえ．how made1

え．to want meⅡ 次の各組の文がほぼ同じ意味になるように、（）に最も適切な語を入れたとき、（ ＊ ）に入る語を答えなさい。

1.

My English is not as good as hers.
Her English is（ ＊ ）than（2.

This is my ﬁrst visit to Japan.
I’ve（ ＊ ）（3.

）to Japan before.

My father drew a picture. It was beautiful.
The picture（ ＊ ）（4.

）my father was beautiful.

She decided to study in France for a year.
She（5.

）up her（ ＊ ）. She was going to study in France for a year.

We had heavy rain last night.
（ ＊ ）（）heavily last night.

Ⅲ 次の対話が完成するように、（1.

2.

3.

How long has Lisa played the piano?

B:

She has played the piano（ ＊ ）she（A:What’s（ ＊ ）? Are you all right?

B:

I feel really sick.

A:

Sorry to hear that. You should go to see a doctor.

A: （ ＊ ）（）four years old.

）your trip to Okinawa?

Well, it was hot, but the beaches were really nice.

A: How many children does Mr. Sato have?
B: He has two daughters. （5.

）に最も適切な語を入れたとき、（ ＊ ）に入る語を答えなさい。

A:B:4.

）.

）lives in Osaka, and the（ ＊ ）lives in Tokyo.

A: Oh no, I can’t ﬁnd my car keys. I probably lost them.
B: Really? （）was careless（ ＊ ）you.

2

Ⅳ 次の２つの英文を読み、にあてはまる最も適切なものを１つずつ選び、記号で答えなさい。
[1]
Tommy John is one of the best-loved players in American baseball. In 1974, after an ＊injury to his arm,
he was the ﬁrst player ever to have an operation to replace the ＊ligament in his left arm. He replaced itwith his healthy one from his right ＊wrist. After his operation, he went on to win 164 games, more than
he did before science helped him to improve his performance. His“ ＊bionic arm”helped him to win atleast 20 games a season. He had one of the longest careers in baseball history, retiring at the age of 46,
and is regarded by the public as a sporting hero. Since then, many Major League Baseball pitchers have
had the same operation.
注： ＊injury 怪我

ligament 靭帯（じんたい）＊wrist 手首＊

bionic 超人的な＊.

The passage is mainly about

あ． how Tommy John practiced to be a professional baseball player
い． why Tommy John had to have an operation on his right arm
う． what Tommy John did after retiring from professional baseball
え． how Tommy John became a sporting hero after an operation on his left arm[2]
Recently, the food chain Whole Foods started selling imperfect foods. They call the items“producewith personality.” They also said they would start selling ＊ugly produce in some of their stores. They
are working with Imperfect Produce, a California company that sells and delivers ugly produce. WholeFoods plan to sell the imperfect items at lower prices.
“We have found that people care about food waste, and they are ＊open-minded about eating foods thatlook a little different,”says Ben Simon, head of Imperfect Produce. He works directly with farmers toﬁnd ＊suppliers for fruits and vegetables that other stores won’t buy.
Jordan Figueiredo, an anti-food waste ＊activist, posts funny photos of ugly produce on social media.
He hopes more stores will sell less-than-perfect items. “We are throwing so much good food away,”hesays. “People need to understand how important this is.”
注： ＊ugly 形の悪い

open-minded 心の広い＊

The passage talks aboutsuppliers 卸売業者＊.

あ． why people shouldn’t eat ugly foods
い． why people don’t care about food waste
う． how Whole Foods started to sell imperfect foods
え． how Whole Foods are helping farmers who grow perfect vegetables

3

activist 活動家＊

Ⅴ 次の英文を読み、あとの問いに答えなさい。
If you are a lazy person, don’t worry – you might be able to blame your brain! At least, that’s what
the research suggests.
Being lazy doesn’t just mean you take the elevator instead

Xthe stairs. It can also mean theway you think and make decisions is“lazy.” So, what can we do about it? How can we make our brains
less lazy?
To understand why the brain wants to be lazy, we must understand how the brain works. The brain isvery ＊complex, and it thinks in ① two different ways. The ﬁrst way is the lazy way, and it is a good kindof lazy. It is the thinking that we use when we addA. It’s the same lazy thinking that we use

when we drive to school or work. We don’t have to think about how to do it – we just do it! Scientists
say we have thousands of these lazy thoughts every day.
② So, why does the brain like lazy decisions? When we do things fast and we don’t have to think, wesave energy. The brain and body are always trying to save energy. If we save energy, we have more of it,
and more energy means we can ＊function better in the world. Think about how hard it is to think when
we are tired or hungry. We make more mistakes because our brain is too tired.
In fact, research has shown that the brain is trying to save energy all the time. In an experiment at
Simon Fraser University in Canada, ③ scientists wanted to test how good the brain was at saving energy.
They asked nine volunteers to walk on a ＊treadmill. The volunteers naturally tried to save as much energy
as possible. Then the scientists made it more difﬁcult. They added weight at the knees. As a result, thevolunteers’ original pace was not the most ＊efficient anymore. They began to walk differently to saveenergy. The brain was saving energy in real time.
So, it is good that the brain is lazy because it saves energy. Sadly though, that’s not the whole story.
Sometimes lazy thinking can cause us problems.
For one, lazy thinkers usually believe things without any ＊proof. This means that they may accept
that something is true even when it isn’t. For example, let’s say you meet someone new. They tell you,“I’man honest person,”and you believe them. But in reality, they lie to people, even their friends. Your lazybrain accepts that they are telling the truth. ④ You believe they are a good person because that was the）thought.

（Lazy thinkers can also make bad decisions. One research study showed that people

Ylazy brains

have made terrible decisions with money. This is because they didn’t think too much about what they
were doing; instead, they made quick decisions based on their feelings. They lost a lot of money. This isoften because peopleYlazy brains are too conﬁdent. They think they know everything when theydon’t.
So, how can people ﬁght lazy thinking? Luckily, there is a way. Humans also have another kind ofthinking. This is【call】“hard thinking,”but it takes a lot more energy. Hard thinking is slower. It’s thethinking that we use when we solve a difﬁcult problem, like4B. It’s the kind of thinking that

we use when we make more difﬁcult decisions, like when we decide on the job we want or where to live.
When we use hard thinking, our bodies aren’t happy because we have to use a lot more energy. Thisis why students get so tired after studying for a test. It’s also why long conversations make people wantto have a cup of coffee. They need the caffeine because they feel ⑤ [ あ. have い. don’tう. like え. any

お. they か. energy]. They’re not using their lazy brain anymore.
The problem is that many of us don’t use hard thinking enough, and that is what causes problems. So,
the advice from scientists【be】to ﬁght it. In other words, don’t just accept everything you hear as true.
Question it and ask yourself if it really makes sense or not. Don’t be too conﬁdent about what you know
because your ﬁrst thoughts might be wrong, as they come from your lazy brain. Also, don’t forget to takethe stairs next time!

注： ＊complex 複雑なfunction 機能する

efﬁcient 効率的な＊

treadmill ランニングマシン＊＊

proof 証拠＊1.

本文中の【call】、【be】を文脈に合うように直しなさい。ただし、語数は 1 語のままとする。

2.

本文中の3.

4.

Xに入る最も適切な語を 1 つ選び、記号で答えなさい。

あ. to

い. before

本文中のA、

う. fromB

え. ofに入る最も適切な組み合わせを 1 つ選び、記号で答えなさい。

あ. A: 1＋ 2

B: 3 ＋ 7

い. A: 1＋1

B: 17 × 24

う. A: 183 ＋ 778

B: 4 ÷ 2え. A: 167 ＋ 286

B: 45 × 98

下線部① two different ways が指すものとして最も適切なものを 1 つ選び、記号で答えなさい。
あ. lazy brain and the bodyい. using elevators and stairs
う. lazy thinking and hard thinking
え. making decisions and saving energy

5.

下線部② So, why does the brain like lazy decisions? の答えとして最も適切なものを 1 つ選び、記号で答えなさい。
あ. 人によって脳の大きさが異なるから。
い. 脳はとても単純な構造をしているから。
う. 脳は少しでも余力を残そうとするから。
え. 学校や仕事に行くと脳が疲れてしまうから。

5

6.

下線部③ scientists wanted to test how good the brain was at saving energy の意味として最も適切なものを 1 つ選び、記号で答えなさい。
あ. 科学者たちは、脳がいかにうまくエネルギーを節約できるのかを検証したかった。
い. 科学者たちは、脳がどの程度良質なエネルギーを溜め込めるのかを検証したかった。
う. 科学者たちは、どのようなエネルギーが脳に良い影響を与えるのかを検証したかった。
え. 科学者たちは、どのくらいの量のエネルギーが脳の活性化に必要なのかを検証したかった。

7.

下線部④ You believe they are a good person because that was the（）thought. の空所に入る最も適切なものを 1 つ選び、記号で答えなさい。
あ. easiest
い. hardest
う. most important
え. most interesting8.

本文中のYに入る最も適切な語を 1 つ選び、記号で答えなさい。

あ. about
9.

い. with

下線部⑤ [ あ. have
たとき、[い. don’tう. afterう. likeえ. at

え. anyお. they

か. energy] を意味が通るように並べ替え] 内で 2 番目と 5 番目にくる語を記号で答えなさい。

10. 本文中で用いられる “lazy” の意味として最も適切なものを 1 つ選び、記号で答えなさい。
あ. feeling scared
い. having no money
う. making a big effort
え. doing as little as possible
11. 本文の内容と一致するものを 1 つ選び、記号で答えなさい。
あ. カナダのサイモンフレーザー大学では、被験者がひざに重りをつけて歩く実験が行われた。
い. 初めて話す相手に対しても、脳は相手が嘘つきかどうかをいつでも見抜くことができる。
う. どこに住むかを決めるのはとても大変なことなので、なるべく短時間で決定するのが良い。
え. 科学者たちは、私たちの多くが周囲の意見を信用していないことが問題だと考えている。

6

Ⅵ 友達とかかわるうえであなたが大事にしていることは何ですか。以下の英語に続けて書きなさい。
さらに、それに対する理由や説明を、15 語以上の英語で書きなさい。複数の文を書いても良い。
なお、ピリオド、コンマなどの符号は語数に含めない。

（1）When I’m with my friends, I try to.

（語数制限なし）（2）

15 語以上の英語7