通訳ガイド試験：1998 年度英語第１次試験問題
１．次の英文を読み、下線部 a、s を日本語に訳しなさい。下線部 a の Gogues en Vogue は原語のままでよい。

It is not really nice to talk about it, but now four Frenchmen have put it into print. A new book written in French
exposes not high-level corruption, but a more mundane reality — the sorry state of some Paris restaurants’ toilets. “Thedoor to the ladies’ toilet opens easily — because it no longer has a handle,” they write of a toilet in a restaurant near theChamps-Elysees. At another restaurant, the doors have been torn off altogether.
The book, Gogues en Vogue, whose earthy title translates politely as Trendy Toilets, may find a willing audience(1)among the hordes of foreigners who visit the French capital for its fine food.

It is often a source of dismay that such a(2)

magical metropolis of rich tradition, beauty and culinary mastery can, when it comes to the part that follows the coffeeand digestif, turn out to be hygienically challenged.
注） digestif : a drink of brandy, liqueur, etc. taken after a meal to aid the digestion(1)(2)

２．次の各文の下線部の意味としてもっとも適切なものを１つ選び、その番号を丸（◯）で囲みなさい。

(1) Don’t make a song and dance. Time will solve everything.
１ Don’t make a fuss.

２ Don’t be overjoyed.

３ Don’t get wise.

４ Don’t be longer than you can help.

(2) If the premises themselves were improved, the college would be much more attractive.
１ suppositions

２ buildings

３ faculties

４ curricula

３ He is a vagabond.

４ He is a dropout.

３ He annoys me.

４ He detests me.

(3) He never completed university.
１ He is an easy mark.

２ He is a transient.

(4) I can’t stand him. He rubs me the wrong way.
１ He tickles me.

２ He discourages me.

(5) The president has lost his political clout in the scandal.
１ heavy blow

２ ambition

３ influence

４ honor(6) I have my friends coming over for dinner and I’m breaking my neck.
１ I’m working very hard.

２ I’m going broke.

３ I’m marking time.

４ I’m at a loss what to do.

(7) A university degree would give you a head start in getting a job.
１ a testimony

２ a tight market

３ a cutting edge４ an advantage

３．次の英文（Ａ）を読み、その要点を解説した（Ｂ）の空所に適語を入れて、英文を完成させなさい。空所に入れる語は下の語群から選び、必要があれば know ➔ knowledge などのように形を変えなさい。（同じ語は１回しか使用しないこと。
）(A) An American woman came to Japan to marry a Japanese man and was stopped at Narita Airport because there wasa problem with her visa. In the ensuring confusion she did not fill out a form for her unaccompanied baggage. Whenher baggage arrived at Osaka port several weeks later, she couldn’t get it out of customs without this form. Her husband
was told she should write an apology and send it, with her passport, to Tokyo.
She was incensed at the idea of having to apologize for something she was convinced was not her fault, since theNarita authorities were to blame for not giving her the appropriate form. However, her husband told her to write theapology anyway, which she did, and promptly received her baggage with no further trouble, except that this American
woman felt she had been made to shoulder the blame for what she felt was Japanese incompetence.
(B) The communication problem was () not to the language code, but to different cultural (asabout what language behavior was appropriate. To the Japanese an () was appropriate; to the American, itwas () (and her husband unable to explaindf). The problem was caused by the American being (gto her) that in Japan apologies are not only an (ha(k)(l) of (j) as they usually are in the U.S., but also), where both parties in any interaction accept mutual (¡0well as the tone of the interchange.

語)群responsible, aware, assume, social, negative, not, unaware, able, admit, convinced, data,permit, lubricant, due, fault, false, explanation, either, so, about, apologize, because

４．
「寺」と「神社」の違いを、簡潔にわかりやすく、外国からの訪問者に英語で説明しなさい。

) for the content as５．次の語句を英語に訳しなさい。
はりa 少年法

s 鍼治療

d 糖尿病

f 食品添加物g 非識字率h 実印

j 銀行の取り付け騒ぎ

k 菊l コンビニ¡0 牛丼

６．次の日本語の文章を英語に訳しなさい。
世界観光機関（WTO）によれば、1996 年の世界全体の国際観光客到着数は、5 億 9,200 万人を数え、国際観光収入も4,230 億米ドルに達したといわれています。国際観光は、今や、世界貿易のなかで、原油及び石油製品を抜いて、最大の輸出項目になりました。世界観光機関は、さらに、2010 年には世界の国際観光客数が 9 億 3,700 万人に達すると予測しています。

７．次の英文を読んで後の問いに答えよ。

Many companies fight to get their brands on to supermarket shelves. But not Sony. It is fuming that Tesco, aBritish supermarket chain, is selling its products at a discount without its permission. As a rule, Sony products are soldonly through authorized dealers that provide the advice and demonstrations that Sony says customers want. Tesco —which buys its Sony goods from sources other ( A ) the company itself — says those arrangements are just an excuse
to fleece consumers. Does Sony have a case?
(1)

The quarrel between Sony and Tesco highlights a difficult problem for competition regulators. Collusion between
producers to restrict competition is usually frowned upon, but vertical restraints — restrictive agreements between(2)

manufacturers and retailers — are not necessarily bad for consumers.
In a competitive market, retailers are unlikely to spend much on consumer information, because many of theextra sales it generates will go to rival shops. Retailers that spend heavily to teach consumers about products may actuallylose sales, because consumers who have tested the product may make the actual purchase in a cheaper no-frills store. But
if no retailer invests in educating consumers, everyone may end up ( B ) : manufacturers and retailers will earn lower
profits, and consumers will make uninformed decisions.
One solution is for manufacturers to distribute their goods only to authorized dealers that agree to provide presale service, as Sony does. This could benefit everyone. Manufacturers and retailers can cut costs by co-ordinating theirsales efforts more closely. Customers can make more informed choices. And as long as there is plenty of competition
between different brands, this sort of selective distribution need not result in higher prices.

１．空欄（A ）に適切な語を補充しなさい。

２．下線部（１）を日本語に訳しなさい。

３．下線部（２）がもたらす可能性のある利点を３つ述べなさい。

１．

２．

３．

４．空欄（B ）に入る適切な語句を丸で囲みなさい。

（イ） worse off（ロ） authorizing sales（ハ） better off（ニ） prohibiting sales