UNISDR and Implementation of theHyogo Framework for Action
Sálvano Briceño
Director, International Strategy for Disaster Reduction (UNISDR)

at FASID Seminar
Wednesday, 19 November 2008

www.unisdr.org

Overview

III

Global data and trends on “natural” disasters
Global data and trends on “natural” disasters

IIIIVV

Climate change and disaster risk reduction

ISDR and implementation of the Hyogo Framework

DRR Global Campaign
UNISDR Hyogo Office

I

Global data and trends on “natural” disasters

The vision of disaster risk reduction: Building resilient
communities towards sustainable development

The sixprinciples ofsustainability

Global Trends of risk- disasters are NOT natural
Natural and human-induced hazards
Climate change and variables

HAZARDS +EXTREME EVENTS

Socio-economic: poverty,
unplanned urban growth, lack ofawareness and institutional capacities...
Physical: insufficient land use planning,
housing, infrastructures located in hazard
prone areas...

VULNERABILITY

Environmental degradation
ecosystem degradation; coastal,watershed, marshland…), etc.

Natural hazard X

Vulnerability=Disaster Risk

What is Disaster Risk Reduction (DRR)?
• A conceptual framework consisting ofways and means:– To minimize vulnerabilities and disaster risks.
– To avoid (prevent) or to limit (mitigation andpreparedness) the adverse impacts of natural
phenomena or hazards within the context ofsustainable development

Natural hazard X

Vulnerability=Disaster Risk

Global Hotspot study (World Bank with ProVention Consortium)= lowest 40%= middle 30%= highest 20%

35 countries are identified as relatively high in mortality risk
from multiple hazards.
Additional study by WB plus OECD on specific hotspots forand sea level rise with partnersIn 2006
Naturalcatastrophes
resulted inover 20,000
deaths, US$45b
economicloss (CRED& MunichRe)

IIISDR and implementation of the Hyogo Framework

Disaster Reduction – An Agenda in Progress
1989: IDNDR 1990-1999 – promotion of disaster reduction, technical andscientific buy-in
1994: Yokohama Strategy and Plan of Action – Mid-review IDNDR, first
blueprint for disaster reduction policy guidance (social & community orientation)
2000: International Strategy for Disaster Reduction (ISDR) - increased publiccommitment and linkage to sustainable development, enlarged networking andpartnerships. Mechanisms: IATF/DR, ISDR secretariat, UN Trust Fund
2002: Johannesburg Plan of Implementation- WSSD Includes a new section
on “An integrated, multi-hazard, inclusive approach to address vulnerability, risk
assessment and disaster management…”
2005: WCDR - Hyogo Framework for Action 2005-2015 Building theResilience of Nations and Communities to Disasters
2007: 1st session of the Global Platform for Disaster Risk Reduction
Monitor the progress of the HFA implementation, facilitate further actions andpartnerships, take stocks and share lessons and good practices

International Strategy for Disaster Reduction
Launched in 2000 by UN General Assembly Resolution
A/54/219 as successor of the International Decade on
Natural Disaster Reduction – IDNDR, 1990-1999:
The ISDR aims at building disaster resilient communities bypromoting increased awareness of the importance ofdisaster reduction as an integral component of sustainable
development, with the goal of reducing human, social,economic and environmental losses due to natural hazards
and related technological and environmental disasters.

ISDR secretariat’s main functions:(a)

Policy and coordination (guide& monitor implementation of HFA)(b)

Advocacy (high-level advocacy,annual awareness campaign,publications)(c)Information management andnetworks (website,clearinghouse)(d)Regional outreach- support toregional partners & countries(national platforms and actionplans- policy, advocacy,information)(e)

ISDR system and resourcemobilization

World Conference on Disaster Reduction
Hyogo Framework for Action 2005-2015 (HFA)- Building the resilience of nations and communities to disasters

9 3 Strategic goals
9 5 Priorities for action
9 Implementation and follow-up• 168 Governments, 78 regional and int’l orgs, and 161 NGOs attended• Integrate disaster risk reduction into policies, plans and programmesof sustainable development and poverty reduction• Recognize risk reduction as both a humanitarian and development
issue – in the context of sustainable development• Focus on national and local implementation, with bilateral, multilateral,
regional and international cooperation

Hyogo Framework for Action 2005-2015 (continued):Three strategic goals:
The integration of disaster risk reduction into
sustainable development policies and planning-- The development and strengthening ofinstitutions, mechanisms and capacities to build
resilience to hazards- The systematic incorporation of risk reduction
approaches into the implementation of emergency
preparedness, response and recovery programmes

Hyogo Framework for Action 2005-2015 (continued):
Five priorities for action:
1. Governance: ensure that disaster risk reduction is a national andlocal priority with strong institutional basis for implementation
2. Risk identification: identify, assess and monitor disaster risks
and enhance early warning
3. Knowledge: use knowledge, innovation and education to build aculture of safety and resilience at all levels
4. Reducing the underlying risk factors in various sectors(environment, health, construction, etc.)
5. Strengthen disaster preparedness for effective responseBuild a disaster risk reduction
movement – ISDR system
9 Our objective:

To reduce disaster risk,
worldwide, focussing onnations and communities

9 The instrument: Hyogo Framework for Action
2005-2015
9 The vehicle:

ISDR system - ‘movement ’Main elements of the strengthened ISDR System insupport of the Hyogo Framework for Action
Responsible fornationalstrategies andprogrammes,
baselines studies,
reporting…

Nations andcommunities
National Platforms,
Government agencies, local authorities,
NGOs, CBOs, technical organisations,private sector , media…

Governance
Globalcoordination
Global Platform for DRR

UN General Assembly,
ECOSOCUSG Humanitarian Affairs
Management Oversight Board
ISDR secretariat

Management, oversight, programme guidance,
support, joint work programmes, monitoring

Supportingmechanisms
ISDR regional and thematic platforms
International and regional org.
WB GFDRR
UNDP/BCPR functions
UN Country Teams, Red Cross/ Red
Crescent

Support and technical advice to agencies,
authorities, institutions and organizations

ISDR system levels of action(“platforms”)
National implementation

Regional
Based on existing regional and sub-regional strategies and mechanisms

local capacities

coordinated international and regional
efforts to support national andISDR programme

National frameworks, multi-stakeholders, and multi disciplinary with
Support from UN country team – when appropriate

Thematic
Building on existing networks, clusters, programmes and other mechanisms

GlobalAnnual sessions
Subsidiary Programme Advisory/Committee

Progress in implementation of HFA
9 National level :- More actions by Governments. National Platforms for DRR establishedin more than 50 countries for its national HFA implementation, more than
120 countries designated HFA focal points, linked linked to PRSPs ofWorld Bank
9 Regional level:- Regional strategies and action plans– Asia (Beijing Plan of Action),
Africa (AU/NEPAD), Europe (Council of Europe), Pacific (MadangFramework) with Ministerial commitments, regional consultations in otherregions- Regional cooperation – ISDR Asia Partnership, collaborative centers,
initiatives of drought (China), seismic risk (Iran), etc.
9 International level:- Engagement of different sectors i.e. development, environment,
education, health...
- Increased commitment – UN agencies, WB/GFDRR, Regional
Development Banks, EC, Other Donors…
More details at international level...

International level
1. Integration of DRR into development assistance andhumanitarian frameworks
2. Strengthened capacity of environmental and othertechnical areas of UN System to assist disaster-prone
developing countries in mainstreaming DRR:
3. Policy-related guidelines
4. Thematic initiatives/platforms within the ISDR system(early warning, recovery, education, drought, seismic risks,environment, climate change adaptation, urban risk, wildland fire,
El Niño, landslide, gender, capacity building etc)
5. Support data collection, dissemination guidelines andtools, and sharing experiences
PreventionWeb http://preventionweb.net

International Level (more details)
4. Thematic platforms and initiatives within the ISDR system• International Recovery Platform addressing knowledge and capacity building
gaps in enhancing recovery operations• Indian Ocean Consortium (UNESCO-IOC); national assessments; regional Indian
Ocean TEW system launched July 2006; Consultation on human aspects, Bangkok,June 2006 (ISDR, ESCAP, IOC); Package offer by 7 ISDR system partners,
endorsed by President Clinton, to assist development of tsunami EW action plans:• Platform for Promotion of Early Warning - EWC-III, Bonn 27-29 March 2006,Checklist; Project portfolio, Global Survey of EWS (requested by UN SG);International EW Programme for HFA; Symposium on multi-hazard early warning(WMO) etc• ISDR Campaign on Education and Safer Schools (2006-2007) and on health andsafe hospitals (2008-2009)• Education and DRR with UNESCO, Action Aid, ADRC, UNICEF, ISDR
secretariat, and others –• Working groups focusing on “DRR and Climate Change”, “DRR andenvironment“ and “Urban Risk Reduction” etcIII
Climate change as adisaster reduction issue
www.unisdr.org

Better recovery has to considerclimate change adaptation aspectwww.unisdr.org

Disaster risks are heavy burden on the poor

1. Disasters affected 2.5 billion people in lastdecade; with costs of $570 billion. Death toll
was 889,000 people. Main hazards are
climatic - floods, storms and droughts.

2. Poorest countries are 5 times more affected.
Impacts can exceed GDP.

3. Vulnerability to natural hazards arises fromland degradation, unplanned settlements, lackof awareness, lack of preparedness, poverty.

www.unisdr.org

Climate change and disaster risks

1. Evidence of more extreme events already found(IPCC Assessment) – temperatures rising, loss ofglaciers and polar ice, drought, heavy rainfall,heat waves, stronger tropical cyclones, floods

2. Populated deltas of Asia, SIDS, and Africa mostat risk.

3. Impacts in two ways (i) more extreme events(increased frequency and intensity) and (ii)greater vulnerability to hazards - from stresses on
ecosystems and water.

www.unisdr.org

Climate policy to reduce disaster risks

1. Bali Action Plan proposes “risk management andrisk reduction strategies, including risk sharing andtransfer mechanisms” … and … “disaster reduction
strategies and means to address loss and damage
in developing countries”

2. UNFCCC Ad-hoc Working Group on Long-term
Cooperative Action is organizing workshop on CC
adaptation and DRR at COP 14 Poznan,
December 2008.

3. Disaster risk reduction needs to be integrated innational cc adaptation plans, and criteria foradaptation funds.

www.unisdr.org

Disaster risk reduction is a powerful toolfor climate change adaptation• Vulnerability to climatic hazards is the commonconcern•

Reduced disaster risk means better adaptedcommunities•

Use proven disaster reduction tools: e.g. risk
assessment, early warning, land use planning,building codes, etc

www.unisdr.org

Key messages

1. Disaster risk reduction can be immediately
acted on, as a no-regrets

2. Need to scale up the effort and funding fordisaster risk reduction, to counter growing risks.

3. Various risk reduction methods are readily
available.

4. UNGA-endorsed Hyogo Framework for Action isa core policy guide for supporting adaptation.

www.unisdr.org

ISDR approaches on climate change

1. Provide Member States with guidance and information
on policies and methods, and support national-levellinking CC and DRR agendas.

2. Support UNFCCC processes (COPs meetings, Nairobi
Work Programme, workshops, reports) and Member
States.

3. Support coordination and initiatives by UNGA, SG,UN-CEB, and ISDR system partners.

4. Joint Norway and ISDR proposal for IPCC Special
Report on management of extreme events.

5. Develop and advocate clear messages for theimportance of DRR and climate change adaptation

www.unisdr.org

Practical national priorities and measures

1. First priorities? (i) National Adaptation Plans.
(ii) National risk assessments, focused on thevulnerable. (iii) Strengthened institutions, including
to link climate change and risk reduction agendas.

2. Measures? (i) Risk-related zoning and building
codes. (ii) Protection of environmental buffers.
(iii) Management of floods and droughts.
(iv) Protection of critical facilities e.g. hospitals.
(v) Early warning and response systems.
(vi) Public education and awareness raising.

Along with Hyogo Framework for Action

UN/ISDR secretariat has identified and promoted thefollowing three areas of action over 2008• Develop national coordination mechanisms to linkdisaster risk reduction and adaptation.
• Conduct a baseline assessment on the status ofdisaster risk reduction and adaptation efforts.
• Prepare adaptation plans drawing on the HyogoFramework.

www.unisdr.org

CC and DRR Conclusions

1. Climate change and disaster risk areintertwined issues

2. Important opportunity to achieve
reductions in disaster risk

3. HFA as an important existing tool foradaptation to climate change

4. ISDR strategy and mechanisms in place.
More partnership to take actions and worktogether

Hyogo Framework for Action 2005-2015 :the UN/ISDR secretariat has identified and promoted thefollowing three areas of action over 2008
• Develop national coordination mechanisms to linkdisaster risk reduction and adaptation.
• Conduct a baseline assessment on the status ofdisaster risk reduction and adaptation efforts.
• Prepare adaptation plans drawing on the HyogoFramework.

IV

DRR Global Campaign

Title – Arial 28 – RED
Sub-title – Arial 18 - Bold

The 2006-2007 UN/ISDR World Disaster Reduction
Campaign: Disaster Resilient Schools
A Brief Overview
www.unisdr.org/iddr-2007

Objectives- Promote the integration of DRR education into school
curricula in countries vulnerable to natural hazards- Promote the safe construction and retrofitting of schoolbuildings to withstand natural hazard- Increase awareness of the importance of school safety
and DRR education in school- Encourage local and national governments to invest
more in safer school facilities and DRR education- Promote good practices to mobilize more attention toand actions in school safety and DRR education“Disaster Risk Reduction
Begins at School”

IISome results and impacts
 55 countries participated actively in the World
Disaster Reduction Campaign through awarenessraising activities 22 other countries achieved highly visible success inschool-oriented DRR initiatives
 Many good practices were received
 Selecated good practices for the publication entitled“Towards a Culture of Prevention: Disaster Risk
Reduction Begins at School - Good Practices andLessons Learned”
 World campaign reinforces ongoing activities onDRR & Education in many countries
 ISDR Launched the on-line game
«Stop Disasters » www.stopdisastersgame.org

ISDR Field Library for Disaster Risk Reduction“Knowledge investment is a vital element fordisaster reduction”
2006-2006: African organizations (IGAD, African Union etc),
Bangladesh, Indonesia, India, Iran, Kenya, Malaysia, Maldives,Mauritius, Myanmar, Oman, Seychelles, Somalia, South Africa, SriLanka, Tanzania, Thailand, Yemen and Madagascar.
2007 - 2009 More countries

Why focus on making hospitals
safe from disaster?

Key Messages• The most expensive hospital is the one thatfails• Disasters are a health and a social issue• Protecting critical health facilities fromdisasters is not just possible, but costeffective• The health workforce must be agents ofdisaster risk reduction• This campaign is lead by the collaboration
with WHOObjectives• Protect the lives of patients and healthworkers by ensuring the structural resilienceof health facilities• Make sure health facilities and healthservices are able to function in the aftermathof emergencies and disasters, when they are
most needed• Improve the risk reduction capacity of healthworkers and institutions, including
emergency management

V

UNISDR Hyogo OfficeUN/ISDR Hyogo Officeestablished in October 2007
Why in Hyogo?
Hyogo is the place where
1. Great Hanshin Awaji Earthquake hit on 17 January 1995
and experienced the recovery from the massive
devastation, and accumulated experiences, expertise, andlessons which should be useful for other disaster prone
countries to advance their DRR activities.
2. World Conference on Disaster Reduction was held inJanuary in 2005 and the place of birth for the HFA.
3. Various DRR institutions and organizations have beengathered and is getting one of the important hubs for DRR

Some of concrete initiatives driven from UN/ISDR Hyogo Office:
ISDR system thematic platforms/initiatives
1. Asia Regional Task Force on Urban Risk Reduction (ADPC, ADRC,CityNet, DRI, EMI, IRP secretariat, JICA, Kobe University , Kyoto
University, UNCRD, UNEP, UN-Habitat, UN/ISDR, UNU and WHO)
2. International Programme for Landslide (UN/ISDR, ICL, UNU, JICA,Kyoto University… )3. International Recovery Platform (IRP secretariat in Kobe, UN/ISDR,UNDP, ILO, World Bank, SDC…)
4. North East Asia collaboration programme

Asia Regional Task ForceOn Urban Risk Reduction
Current members:
ADPC, ADRC, CITYNET, EMI, IRP secretariat, JICA,Kobe University , Kyoto University, UNCRD, UNEP, UNHabitat, UNISDR, UNU and WHO

Thank you very much
www.unisdr.org