Bull. Natn. Sci. Mus. , Tokyo, Ser. B, 26( I), pp. 15- 21 , March 23 , 2000

Myxomycetes from Yunnan Province, China, Collected in 1998
Yukinori Yamamoto\ Shuanglin Chen 2 and Hiromitsu Hagiwara 3
21I 010- 53 Ohtsu-ko, Kochi-shi , Kochi , 781 - 5102 Japan
Institute of Microbiology, Academia Sinica, Beijing I 00080, China
3
Department of Botany, National Science Museum,4- 1- 1 Amakubo, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305- 0005, Japan

Abstract Sixteen species are reported from Yunnan Prov. , China. Among them,four species, Diderma deplanatum , Lamproderma arcyrioides, Physarum cf. conglomera tum , and Stemonitis rhizoideipes, are new to China, and nine species are newto Yunnan.
Key words:

Myxomycetes, China, Yunnan, distribution, taxonomy

Yunnan Province is located in Southwest China. From this province, Teng( 1963) reported 3 7 myxomycete taxa. Lately Li and Li ( 1989) listed 22 species of
myxomycetes and added 4 species which did not appear in Teng's book to themyxomycete flora of Yunnan. In addition, Perichaena poronema was described by Liet al. ( 1990) as a new species from Yunnan and Didymium iridis was added to thisprovince in the English edition of Teng's book (Teng, 1996) as D. nigripes var. xanthopus. Thus, as far as we know, a total of 43 myxomycetes have been found in thisprovmce.
The present paper is based on a myxomycete collection made during the botanical expedition in Yunnan organized by the National Science Museum, Tokyo, incollaboration with the Kunming Institute of Botany, Academia Sinica, in 1998. The
collection consists of 26 specimens belonging to 16 species, which are alphabeticallyarranged in the following list. Nine species of them are new to Yunnan and are indicated by asterisks in the list, and four species are new to China, indicated by doubleasterisks.
Specimens cited are divided into two complete sets. One set of them is depositedin the herbarium, National Science Museum, Tokyo (TNS), Japan, and the other is deposited in the herbarium, Kunming Institute of Botany, Academia Sinica, Kunming,Yunnan (KUN), China.
1. Arcyria cinerea (Bull.) Pers., Syn. Fung. 184 (1801).
98CU-5 (Yong Shan Co. , He Ba Chang, on dead bark, coil. Y. Doi, 21 IX 1998).
The specimen is poor but the sporocarps are typical except for their pale yellow
col or.

16Yukinori Yamamoto et al.

lOJLmcFig. I. Calomyxa metallica (98CU-1 8). A. Sporocarps and plasmodiocarps. B. Capillitium andperidium. C. Part of a capillitium thread and two spores.

2. * Badhamia utricularis (Bull.) Berk. , Trans. Linn. Soc. 21: 153 ( 1853).
98CU-2 (Yiliang Co., Xian Cao Ba, on dead bark, coli. Y. Doi, 17 IX 1998).
Stalked sporocarps are gregarious to crowded, but most of them are completelydehiscent. The stalks are yellowish, long, and weak. The spores are usually looselyclustered, but free spores are also observed.
3. * Calomyxa metallica (Berk.) Nieuwl. var. metallica , Am. Midi. Nat. 4: 335(1916).
Fig. 1
98CU-18 (Lu Sui Co. , Pian Ma Peak Gate, on dead bark, coli. N. Maekawa, I X
1998).
The specimen is fine and has crowded plasmodiocarps and sporocarps. The
peridium is membranous and iridescent with golden tint. The capillitium threads arethickened on one side, and spinulose or verruculose on the other.

4. * Clastoderma debaryanum Blytt var. debaryanum, Bot. Zeit. 38: 343 ( 1880).
98CU-19 p.p. (Lu Sui Co. , Pian Ma Peak Gate, on dead bark, coli. K. Miyazak.i ,I X 1998, mixed with Lamproderma arcyrioides), prepared as a slide specimen only.
The capillitium forms nearly complete net with small and rarely widened peridial platelets.
5. * Diderma cor-rubrum T. Macbr. , N. Am. Slime-Moulds ed. 2. 140 ( 1922). Fig. 2
98CU- 16 (Lu Sui Co. , Pian Ma, on dead bark, coli. N. Maekawa, 30 IX 1998),
and 98CU-17 (Lu Sui Co., Pian Ma, on dead bark, coli. T. Matsui , 30 IX 1998).
Both specimens are fine and have stalked sporocarps. The columella and the17

Myxomycetes from Yunnan, China

0.5mm

Fig. 2. Diderma cor-rubrum (98CU- 16). A. Four sporocarps. B. Cap illitium and peridium. C. Tipof a capillitium thread, peridium and two spores.

'I)
.

.

!mm

8~]

Fig. 3. Diderma deplanatum (98CU-1 3). A. Plasmodiocarp. B. Capillitium and peridium. C.
Capi lli tium and a spore.

inner surface of inner peridium are reddish-brown. The spores are typically apiculate
at both ends.
6.* * Diderma deplanatum Fr., Syst. Myc. 3: 110 (1829).
Fig. 3
98CU-13 (Lu Sui Co., Pian Ma, on fallen leaves, coli. H. Hagiwara, 29 IX
1998), and 98CU-20 (Lu Sui Co. , Pian Ma Peak Gate, on moss , coli. M. Zang, I X

18Yukinori Yamamoto et al.

Fig. 4. Hemitrichia cla vata var. clava/a (98CU-22). A. Three sporocarps. B. Stalk. C. Capillitium. D. Part of a capillitium thread, peridium and a spore.

1998).
98CU-13 is a typical specimen with flat plasmodiocarps and rough capillitium
threads. Another specimen is somewhat immature and has irregular capillitium withwide expansions.
7.* Didymium crustaceum Fr. , Syst. Myc. 3: 124 (1829).
98CU-26 (Gongshan Co., Bingzhong Le, on living herb and moss, coli. H.
Hagiwara, 5 X 1998).
Sporocarps are immature. They have distinct stalks, but are rarely sessile. The
outer peridial crust is white and limy, and distinctly remote from the inner peridium.
8. Enteridium splendens (Morgan) T. Macbr. var. splendens, N. Am. Slime-Moulds
151 (1899).
98CU-II (Lu Sui Co., Pian Ma, on dead bark, coil. H. Hagiwara, 29 IX 1998).
A small brown aethalium is typical and has netted plate-like pseudocapillitium.
The spores are also typical and have banded-reticulation on the major part of epispore.
9. Hemitrichia clavata (Pers.) Rostaf. var. clavata, in Fuckel, Jahrb. Nass. Ver. Nat.
27-28: 75 (1873).
Fig. 4
98CU-14 (Lu Sui Co., Pian Ma, on dead wood, coil. N. Maekawa, 30 IX, mixedMyxomycetes from Yunnan, China

19with Hemitrichia serpula), and 98CU-22 (Gongshan Co., Bingzhong Le, on deadbark, coli. K. Miyazaki , 5 X 1998).
Sporocarps of 98CU-22 have long stalks. In this point, this specimen approaches
H. clavata var. calyculata (Speg.) Y. Yamam. (Yamamoto et al., 1993).
10. Hemitrichia serpula (Scop.) Rostaf. var. serpula, in Lister, Mycet. 179 (1894).
98CU-I (Yiliang Co., Xian Cao Ba, on dead bark, coli. Y. Doi , 17 IX 1998),
98CU-8 (Lu Sui Co. , between Lu Sui and Pian Ma, on dead bark, coli. Y. Doi, 28 IX1998), 98CU-9 (Lu Sui Co. , between Lu Sui and Pian Ma, on a fallen leaf, coli. K.
Miyazaki , 28 IX 1998), 98CU-15 (Lu Sui Co., Pian Ma, on dead bark, coli. K.
Miyazaki, 30 IX 1998), 98CU-23 (Gongshan Co. , Bingzhong Le, on dead wood, coli.
K. Miyazaki , 5 X 1998), and 98CU-24 (Gongshan Co. , Bingzhong Le, on plant litter,coli. N. Maekawa, 5 X 1998).
Spores of 98CU-23 sometimes have extremely curved banded-reticulation on
the surface.
11. ** Lamproderma arcyrioides (Sommerf.) Rostaf. f. arcyrioides , Mon. 206( 1874).
98CU-19 (Lu Sui Co., Pian Ma Peak Gate , on dead bark, coli. K. Miyazaki , I X
1998, mixed with Clastoderma debaryanum). One of us, Hagiwara, observed theplasmodium changed color from white to yellow.
Nearly sessile sporocarps are bluishly iridescent or dull brown, and are mixed
with plasmodiocarps.

12. Perichaena depressa Lib. , PI. Crypt. 3 78 ( 183 7).
98CU-3 (Yong Shan Co. , He Ba Chang, on dead bark, coli. H. Hagiwara, 20 IX
1998).
The specimen is poor. Crowded sessile sporocarps are partly dehisced by circumscissile rupture. They have no lime on the peridium.
13.** Physarum cf. conglomeratum (Fr.) Rostaf. , Mon. 108 (1874).
98CU-21 (Lu Sui Co. , Pian Ma Peak Gate , on moss growing on dead wood, coli.
N. Maekawa, I X 1998).
Pale yellow sessile sporocarps are crowded, approaching pseudoaethalium . They
have thick limy peridium. The spores are verruculose and paler on one side, andmeasure ea. 11 pm in diam. These features are intermediate between those of P conglomeratum and P contextum (Pers.) Pers.
14. Physarum didermoides (Pers.) Rostaf. , Mon. 97 ( 1874).
98CU-6 (Yong Shan Co. , He Ba Chang, on dead bark, coli. N. Maekawa, 21 IX
1998).

20

Yukinori Yamamoto et al.

250tt mFi g. 5. Sremoniris rhizo ideipes (98CU-I 0). A. C lustered sporoca rps. B. Stalk. C, D. Colume ll aand capillitium. E. Surface net. F. Part o f a surface net and a spore.

White sessile sporocarps are somewhat immature and crowded. The spores aresomewhat ang ular and irregular in size.

15. ** Stemonitis rhizoideipes Nann.-Bremek., R. Sharma & K. S. Thind, in Nannenga-Bremekamp, Yamamoto & Sharma, Proc. K. Ned . Akad. Wet. C. 87: 465( 1984).
Fig. 598CU -I 0 (Lu Sui Co. , between Lu Sui and Pian Ma, on dead bark, coli. Z .-1.
Yang, 28 IX 1998).
Fructification sporocarpous. Sporocarps clustered, stipitate, up to 18 mm tall ,drooping . Capitula cylindrical , dark brown , ea. 12 mm long. Stalk black, polished,slightly attenuate upwards , ea. 6 mm long, i.e . about 1/3 the total height, with somewhat rhizoid-like thickenings at the base. Hypothallus membranous , si lvery, shining,common to the colony. Peridium early fugaceous , sometimes leaving some flakes
clinging to the periphery of capillitium . Columella a continuation of the stalk, reaching near the apex of capitulum. Capillitium arising from all length of the columella,but main branches are slender and few, so the plume of capillitium tends to be asymmetrical and apart from the columella, forming very lax surface net, 30- 150 J..Lmwide, with many membranous expansions. Spores nearly globose, brownish-gray bytransmitted light, evenly spinulose, 7. 7- 8.8 pm (mean= 8.3, sd =0.30, n =20) indiam ., with a indistinct paler area.
Stemonitis rhizoideipes, originally described on the basis of the specimen obtained from Bhutan in September of 1980, may be included in S. splendens Rostaf.

Myxomycetes from Yunnan , Chin a21var.flaccida Lister sensu lato. In the stalk length, however, it is quite different from S.
sp!endens var. flaccida sensu stricto which is treated as Sy mphy tocarpus .flaccidus(Lister) lng & Nann. -B remek . in Nannennga-Bremekamp ( 1974). The presentspecies is also like Stemonitis splendens var. webberi (Rex) Lister, but the sporocarps
are much larger than those of the latter.

16. Trichia favoginea (Batsch) Pers. var. persimilis (P. Karst.) Y. Yamam. , Myxom.
Biota Jpn. 240 (1998).
98CU-7 (Yong Shan Co. , He Ba Chang, on dead wood, coli. N. Maekawa, 21 IX1998), 98CU -1 2 (Lu Sui Co., Pian Ma, on dead bark, coli. D. Kitayama , 29 IX 1998),
and 98CU-25 (Gongshan Co., Bingzhong Le, on dead bark, coli. N. Maekawa, 5 X1998).
Sporocarps of 98CU-12 are somewhat longitudinally elongated and nearly sessile. The spores have border 1.5- 2 J..lm high . These facts show that this specimen
approaches the type variety, var.favoginea.
Acknowledgements
We wish to thank Drs. Y. Doi , D. Kitayama , N. Maekawa, T. Matsui , K. Miyazaki ,Z.-1. Yang, and Mu Zang for the collections of the valuable specimens. One of us,Hagiwara, deeply thanks Dr. H. Koyama , the leader of the botanical expedition , whogave him an opportunity to collect myxomycetes in Yunnan Prov., and also thanks Dr.
Mu Zang for his thoughtful arrangements for the expedition. This expedition wassupported by Grants-in-Aid for International Science Research Program No
I 0041186 of the Ministry of Education, Science, Sports, and Culture in Japan .

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