植物科学最前線 5: 79 ( 2014)⮬↛ྐ㈨ᩱ཰㞟࡜ ABSす⏣ ἞ᩥ*୰ኸ኱⌮ᕤᏛ㒊⏕࿨⛉Ꮫ⛉࣭ᮾி኱Ꮫ኱Ꮫ㝔⏕≀⛉Ꮫᑓᨷ*112-8551 ᮾி㒔ᩥி༊᫓᪥ 1-13-27
Natural History Collections and ABS
Key Words: collection, museum, science council, treasureHarufumi Nishida*Department of Biological Sciences, Faculty of Science, Chuo University;
Department of Biological Sciences, Graduate School of Science, University of Tokyo*1-13-27 Kasuga, Bunkyo, Tokyo, 112-8551 Japan㸯㸬ࡣࡌࡵ࡟ABS ࡣࠊ⏕≀ከᵝᛶ࡟ᇶ࡙ࡃ㸦㑇ఏ㸧㈨※ࡢ⾮ᖹ࡞ศ㓄ࢆ┠㏵࡜ࡋ࡚࠾ࡾ㸪ࡑࢀ⮬యࡣ᥎㐍ࡍࡿࡇ࡜࡟୍ᐃࡢព࿡ࡀ࠶ࡿࠋ୍᪉࡛㸪 ABS ࡣ⤒῭ⓗ౯್ࢆ┠Ᏻ࡟⏕≀㈨※ࡢ㓄ศࢆ⾜࡞࠺ࡓࡵ㸪⏕≀ࡢ㠀฼┈㏣ồᆺᏛ⾡฼⏝ࢆࡋ࡚࠸ࡿ◊✲⪅࡟ࡣ㸪⏕≀ࡢ⌧ᆅほᐹ㸪㈨ᩱࡢ᥇
㞟ࡸ㍺ฟධࡀᛮ࠺ࡼ࠺࡟࡛ࡁ࡞ࡃ࡞ࡿࡢ࡛ࡣ㸪࡜࠸࠺᰿῝࠸ᠱᛕࡀ࠶ࡿࠋ⛉Ꮫ⪅㞟ᅋࢆ⤫ᣓࡍ ࡿ ᅜ 㝿 ᶵ ᵓ ࡛ ࠶ ࡿ ᅜ 㝿 ⛉ Ꮫ ఍ ㆟ ICSU ࡣ 㸪 2011 ᖺ 9 ᭶ ࡟ Advisory Note
“Access and Benefit Sharing (ABS) System”ࢆⓎ⾲ࡋ࡚㸪ABS ၥ㢟࡟࠾࠸࡚ࡢ␃ពⅬࢆᣲࡆࡓࠋࡑࡢ୰ࡢࠕ⏕≀ከᵝᛶࡢ༴ᶵࢆ⦆࿴ࡍࡿࠖ(Mitigate the biodiversity crisis)࡜࠸࠺⠇࡛㸪
“Scientific organisations should point out to national governments that an overly restrictive
implementation of the ABS system could ultimately lead to the abandonment of academic
non-commercial research and delay or prevent obtaining knowledge urgently needed for theconservation and sustainable use of biological diversity.”࡜グࡋ࡚㸪㠀฼┈㏣ồᆺ◊✲άືࢆጉࡆࡿࡇ࡜ࡢ↓࠸ࡼ࠺࡟ᨻᗓ࡟ാࡁ࠿ࡅࡿ࡭ࡁ࡛࠶ࡿ࡜ὀពࢆႏ㉳ࡋ࡚࠸ࡿࠋࡋ࠿ࡋ㸪ࡇࡢኌ᫂ࡶࡼࡃㄞࡵࡤ㸪⏕≀ከᵝᛶࡢಖ඲࡜ᣢ⥆ⓗ฼⏝࡟㛵ࢃࡿ◊✲࡟ࡘ࠸࡚㏙࡭࡚࠾ࡾ㸪᳜≀Ꮫ࠶ࡿ࠸ࡣ⏕≀Ꮫ඲⯡ࡢᇶ♏◊✲࡟ᑐࡍࡿ㓄៖࡛ࡣ࡞࠸ࠋ
ࡇࡢࡼ࠺࡞฼┈㏣ồᆺ࡛࡞࠸◊✲ࡢᚲせᛶࢆッ࠼ࡿ㝿࡟㸪ᐇ㝿ࡢ◊✲⪅ࡣࡋࡤࡋࡤࠕ࡞ࡐࢃࡊࢃࡊእᅜࡲ࡛⾜ࡗ࡚⤒῭౯್ࡶ࡞࠸ᶆᮏࢆ㞟ࡵࡿࡢ࠿ࠖ࡜࠸࠺㉁ၥ࡟㐼㐝ࡍࡿࠋABS ࡜┤᥋㛵ࢃࡾࡢ࠶ࡿ㠀฼┈㏣ồᆺࡢ◊✲ࡣ㸪ࡑࡢከࡃࡀ⮬↛ྐ⛉Ꮫศ㔝࡟ᒓࡋ࡚࠸ࡿࡢ࡛㸪ABS㛵㐃ࡢἲࡸ௙⤌ࡳࢆᩚ࠼ࡿ࡟࠶ࡓࡗ࡚㸪⮬↛ྐ⣔ࡢ◊✲⪅ࡣ࠶ࡽࡓࡵ࡚⮬ࡽࡢ◊✲㈨ᩱ㞟ࡵࡢ♫఍ⓗ౯್ࢆୡ㛫࡟ッ࠼ࡿࡇ࡜࡟࡞ࡿࠋࡑࡢᇶ♏࡜࡞ࡿ⌮ᛕ࡜ࡋ࡚㸪ࡇࡇ࡛ࡣ᳜≀࡟㝈ࡽࡎᗈࡃ⮬↛ྐ㈨ᩱࢆ㞟ࡵࠊಖ⟶ࡋ࡚࠾ࡃࡇ࡜ࡢព⩏࡟ࡘ࠸࡚ゝཬࡋࡘࡘ㸪⮬↛ྐ㈨ᩱࡢಖ⟶࡜཰ᣠ࡟㛵ࡍࡿ᭱㏆ࡢ኱ࡁ࡞ືࡁࢆ⤂௓ࡋ࡚㸪ABS ၥ㢟࡟࠾ࡅࡿ⮬↛ྐ⣔⛉Ꮫࡢ㌟ࡢ࠾ࡁ᪉
H. Nishida - 1BSJ- Revi ew 5: 79 ( 2014)

植物科学最前線 5: 80 ( 2014)ࢆ⪃ᐹࡋ࡚ࡳࡓ࠸ࠋ

㸰㸬⅏ᐖ࠿ࡽࡢᩍカ
2011 ᖺ 3 ᭶ࡢ኱㟈⅏࡜ὠἼ࡟ࡼࡗ࡚㸪ከᩘࡢ⮬↛ྐᶆᮏࡸࡑࢀࢆ཰ⶶࡍࡿ༤≀㤋➼᪋タࡶ⿕⅏ࡋ㸪ࡑࡢᩆ᥼ࡶᩥ໬㈈࡟ẚࡋ࡚኱ࡁࡃฟ㐜ࢀࡓࡇ࡜ࡀၥ㢟࡜࡞ࡗࡓ(す⏣ 2011ab, ┿㘠2011)ࠋࡑࡶࡑࡶᡃᅜ࡟࠾ࡅࡿ⮬↛ྐ⣔༤≀㤋࡜཰ⶶᶆᮏࡢᏑᅾ⌮⏤ࡸ♫఍ⓗព⩏ࡣ㸪ࡇࢀࡲ࡛Ꮫ⾡఍㆟ࢆࡣࡌࡵྛᡤ࡛༑ศࡍࡂࡿ࡯࡝࡟㆟ㄽࡉࢀ㸪ࡑࢀ࡟↷ࡽࡋࡓᐇ≧ࡀḢ⡿ඛ㐍ㅖᅜ࠶ࡿ࠸ࡣ᭱㏆࡛ࡣ୰ᅜ࡟ẚࡋ࡚ࡶ㈋ᙅ࡛࠶ࡿࡇ࡜ࡀ㸪ᚑ᮶࠿ࡽᣦ᦬ࡉࢀ࡚࠸ࡓ㸦す⏣ 2005㸪᪥ᮏᏛ⾡఍㆟ 2003ab, 2005, 2007ab, 2010㸧ࠋወࡋࡃࡶࡇࡢࡇ࡜ࡀ㸪኱⅏ᐖࢆዎᶵ࡟෌☜ㄆࡉࢀࡿࡇ࡜࡜࡞ࡗࡓࠋࡉࡽ࡟㸪⅏ᐖ᫬࡟ࡣᩥ໬㈈࡟ẚ࡭࡚⮬↛ྐ⣔ᶆᮏࡢᩆ῭ࡀᚋᡭ࡟ࡲࢃࡗࡓࡇ࡜ࡶ㔜኱࡞ၥ㢟࡛࠶ࡗࡓ㸦⚄ᗞ௚ 2011㸧ࠋࡇࢀࡽࡢၥ㢟ࡣ㸪⮬↛ྐ⣔⛉Ꮫ࡟࠾ࡅࡿᦆኻࢆᣍࡃ࡟࡜࡝ࡲࡽࡎ㸪᪥ᮏࡢ⛉Ꮫࢆᨭ࠼ࡿᇶ♏ᩍ⫱ࡢ༴ᶵࢆᣍ᮶ࡍࡿྍ⬟ᛶࡀ࠶ࡿ(す⏣ 2010)ࠋ
௨ୖࡢࡼ࠺࡞⤒⦋࠿ࡽ᭱㏆㸪᪥ᮏᏛ⾡఍㆟࡟࠾࠸࡚ 2 ࡘࡢ኱ࡁ࡞ືࡁࡀ࠶ࡗࡓࠋ୍ࡘࡣࠕ⮬↛ྐ㈈ࠖ࡜࠸࠺ᴫᛕࡢᥦၐ㸪ࡶ࠺୍ࡘࡣᮏ᱁ⓗ࡞ᅜ❧⮬↛ྐ༤≀㤋ࡢ᪂タ᱌࡛࠶ࡿࠋࡇࡇ࡛
ࡣ㸪⮬↛ྐᶆᮏࡢព⩏௜ࡅ࡟ࡘ࠸࡚ࡣ⥴ㄽࡢᘬ⏝࡟࡜࡝ࡵ㸪⅏ᐖࡢᩍカ࠿ࡽὴ⏕ࡋࡓ⮬↛ྐ⣔◊✲࡟࠾ࡅࡿࡇࡢ 2 ࡘࡢືࡁࢆ⤂௓ࡍࡿࠋࡉࡽ࡟㸪ࡇࡢືྥࡀ ABS ၥ㢟࡟ࡶ㈉⊩࡛ࡁࡿࡇ࡜ࢆᥦ㉳ࡋ࡚࠾ࡃࠋ㸱㸬⮬↛ྐ㈈
⮬↛ྐᶆᮏࢆࠕ⮬↛ྐ㈈ࠖ࡜ࡋ࡚ㄆ㆑ࡋࠊࡑࡢಖ඲ࢆᢸಖࡍࡿࡓࡵࡢ᪉⟇ࢆㅮࡎࡿࡇ࡜ࡀ᳨ウࡉࢀ࡚࠸ࡿࠋ2011 ᖺ 3.11 ⅏ᐖ᫬ࡢᩥ໬㈈ᩆ᥼యไࡣ㎿㏿࠿ࡘ⣔⤫ⓗ࡛㸪✀ࠎࡢၥ㢟ࡣ࠶ࡗࡓ࠿ࡶࡋࢀ࡞࠸ࡀ㸪ᩥ⛉┬࠿ࡽᆅᇦࡢᩍ⫱ጤဨ఍ࡲ࡛ࡢୖពୗ㐩࡜ࣇ࢕࣮ࢻࣂࢵࢡࡀ⏕࠿ࡉࢀࡓࠋࡇࢀ࡟ᑐࡋ࡚⮬↛ྐᶆᮏࡣ㸪ࡑࡢᡤᅾᢕᥱ࡜᝟ሗඹ᭷ࡀ୙༑ศ࡛࠶ࡗࡓࡔࡅ࡛࡞ࡃ㸪ᩆ῭ࡣಶேⓗ㐃ᦠࢆࡶ࡜࡟࡞ࡉࢀࡿࡇ࡜ࡀከ࠿ࡗࡓࠋࡇࡢཎᅉࡣ㸪ᩥ໬㈈ࡀᩥ໬㈈ಖㆤἲ࡟
ࡼࡗ࡚ἲⓗ࡟Ꮡᅾࡀㄆࡵࡽࢀ㸪ࡑࡢ⥔ᣢ⟶⌮యไ࡜⤌⧊ࡀࣆ࣑ࣛࢵࢻᵓ㐀ࡢࡼ࠺࡟☜❧ࡋ࡚࠸ࡓ࠿ࡽ࡛࠶ࡿࠋࡶ࡜ࡶ࡜⮬↛ྐᶆᮏ࡟ࡘ࠸࡚ࡶ㸪ᩥ໬㈈ಖㆤἲࡀ᳨ウࡉࢀࡓ࡜ࡁ࡟ࡣᩥ໬㈈ࡢ⠊␪࡟ྵࡵ᳨࡚ウࡉࢀࡓ⤒⦋ࡀ࠶ࡿࠋ᫛࿴ 25㸦1950㸧ᖺ࡟ไᐃࡉࢀࡓᩥ໬㈈ಖㆤἲࡢ❧᱌࡜௻⏬ࡣࠊᙜ᫬ࡢཧ㆟㝔ᩥ㒊ᑓ㛛ဨ➉ෆᩄኵ࡜ࠊཧ㆟㝔ἲไᒁ➨஧㒊㛗ᓊ⏣ᐇ࡜ࡀ୺ᑟࡋࡓࠋᙼࡽࡀྠἲไᐃࡢ⤒㐣࡜㊃᪨ࢆゎㄝࡋࡓࠕᩥ໬㈈ಖㆤἲヲㄝࠖ(➉ෆ࡜ᓊ⏣ 1950)ࡢᗎᩥ
࡟ࡣ㸪ࠕซࡑᅜᐙࡀ⮬Ẹ᪘ࡢඃ⚽࡞ᩥ໬ⓗ㈨⏘ࡢಖㆤ࡟㑇᠍࡞ࡁࢆᮇࡍࡿࡇ࡜ࡣࠊỴࡋ࡚೫⊃࡞Ẹ᪘୺⩏࡟ᇶࡃࡶࡢ࡛ࡣ࡞ࡃࠊᚋࠎࡢୡ௦࡟ᑐࡋࠊཪୡ⏺඲ே㢮࡟ᑐࡋ㈇ᢸࡍࡿᓫ㧗࡞⩏ົ࡜࠸ࢃ࡞ࡅࢀࡤ࡞ࡽ࡞࠸ࠋࠖ࡜࠶ࡿࠋࡇࡢ⢭⚄࡟↷ࡽࡋ࡚㸪⮬↛ྐᶆᮏࡶᙜ↛ࡢࡼ࠺࡟ἲ࡛つᐃࡉࢀࡿࡣࡎ࡛࠶ࡗࡓࡀ㸪ṧᛕ࡞ࡇ࡜࡟ࡑࢀࢆໟྵࡋ࡚ἲไ໬ࡍࡿࡇ࡜ࡢ㞴ࡋࡉࢆ⌮⏤࡟㸪ᑗ᮶ࡇࡢࡇ࡜࡟ࡘ࠸࡚ࡣぢᙜࡍ࡭ࡁ࡛࠶ࡿ࡜࠸࠺ణࡋ᭩ࡁࢆῧ࠼ࡓ࠺࠼࡛㸪ぢ㏦ࡽࢀ࡚ࡋࡲ
ࡗࡓࠋࡋࡓࡀࡗ࡚㸪ᡃᅜࡣࡇࡢణࡋ᭩ࡁ࡟࠶ࡿ㈐ົࢆ㐙⾜ࡍࡿ⩏ົࡀ࠶ࡿࠋ
௨ୖࡢ⌧≧ࢆ㋃ࡲ࠼࡚㸪2012 ᖺ 4 ᭶࡟㸪᪥ᮏᏛ⾡఍㆟ࡢᇶ♏⏕≀Ꮫጤဨ఍࡜⥲ྜ⏕≀Ꮫጤဨ఍ྜྠࡢ㺀⮬↛ྐᶆᮏࡢᩥ໬㈈໬ศ⛉఍㺁 (㤿Ώ㥴௓ጤဨ㛗)ࡀタ⨨ࡉࢀ㸪άືࢆ㛤ጞࡋࡓࠋࡇࡢศ⛉఍࡟࠾࠸࡚㸪ࠕ⮬↛ྐ㈈ࠖ࡜࠸࠺᪂ࡓ࡞ᴫᛕࡀᥦၐࡉࢀ㸪ࠕᩥ໬㈈໬ࠖ࡜ࡣྡ࠺ࡗ࡚
H. Nishida - 2BSJ- Revi ew 5: 80 ( 2014)

植物科学最前線 5: 81 ( 2014)ࡣ࠸ࡿࡀ㸪ᇶᮏⓗ࡟ࡣᩥ໬㈈ಖㆤἲ࡜ࡣ୍⥺ࢆ⏬ࡋࡓ⮬↛ྐ㈈⊂⮬ࡢἲ᱌ࢆ⟇ᐃࡍࡿ࡭ࡃసᴗࡀ㐍ࢇ࡛࠸ࡿࠋ⮬↛ྐ㈈ࡢᴫᛕࡸᐃ⩏࡟ࡘ࠸࡚ࡣࡲࡔ㆟ㄽࡢ᭱୰࡛㸪ᐃࡲࡗࡓࡶࡢࡣ࡞࠸ࡀ㸪ⴭ⪅⊂⮬ࡢぢゎ࡛ᩥ໬㈈࡜ᑐẚࡋࡓࡶࡢࢆ⾲ 1 ࡟♧ࡋ࡚࠶ࡿࠋ⮬↛ྐ㈈ࡀ♫఍ⓗ࡟ㄆ▱ࡉࢀࡿࡇ࡜࡟࡞ࢀࡤ㸪㠀฼┈㏣ồᆺ◊✲࡜ࡑࡢ㈨ᩱ཰㞟ࡢព⩏࡟ࡘ࠸࡚ࡶࡼࡾ⌮ゎࡀ῝ࡲࡿࡣࡎ࡛࠶ࡿࠋ୍᪉࡛㸪⮬↛ྐ㈨ᩱࡢ⥔ᣢ࡜◊✲ࡢ⥅⥆࡜࠸࠺どⅬ࠿ࡽࡣ㸪៏ᛶⓗ࡞ᚋ⥅⪅୙㊊࡜◊✲ᶵ㛵ࡸ◊✲ᐊࡢῶᑡࡀ㸪ࢹࣇࣞࢫࣃ࢖ࣛࣝࡢࡼ࠺࡟⥆࠸࡚࠸ࡿࠋே㢮ࡢᣢ⥆ⓗⓎᒎࢆಖドࡍࡿࡓࡵ࡟ࡣ㸪⏕≀ከᵝᛶ࡜ᆅ⌫⎔ቃࡢ⥅⥆ⓗ┘どࡀḞ࠿ࡏ࡞࠸᫬௦࡜࡞ࡾ㸪⮬↛ྐ◊✲ࡣ⌧௦ⓗ࡞㔜せᛶࢆᣢࡘࡼ࠺࡟࡞ࡗࡓࠋࡲࡓ㸪⮬↛ྐࢆ㏻ࡌࡓ⎔ቃᩍ⫱ࡸ⏕≀Ꮫⓗ೔⌮ࡢ⫱ᡂ㸪⛉Ꮫ࡬ࡢዲወᚰᑟධࡣ㸪ᑗ᮶ࡢୡ௦ࡢࡓࡵ࡟඘ᐇࡉࡏࡿ࡭ࡁᩍ⫱┠ᶆ࡛࠶ࡿࠋࡇࡢࡼ࠺࡞ከᶵ⬟ࢆᯝࡓࡍ࡭ࡁᇶᖿࢿࢵࢺ࣮࣡ࢡࢆᅜෆ࡟ᩚഛࡍࡿᚲせࡀ࠶ࡾ㸪ࡑࡢ୰᰾࡜࡞ࡗ࡚ྛᆅᇦࡢ⮬↛ྐ༤≀㤋࡜༠ാ࡛ࡁࡿᅜ❧ࡢ᪋タࡀ୙ྍḞ࡜࡞ࡿࠋࡑࢀࡀᅜ❧⮬↛ྐ༤≀㤋ィ⏬࡟࡬࡜ࡘ࡞ࡀࡿࡢ࡛࠶ࡿࠋ
⾲ 1 ᩥ໬㈈࡜⮬↛ྐ㈈
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ᩥ໬㈈

⮬↛ྐ㈈

ᩥ໬άືࡢᐈほⓗ࡞ᡤ⏘࡜ࡋ࡚ ⮬↛ࡢ≧ែࢆ⥅⥆ⓗ࡟グ㘓ࡋᚋୡࡢㅖ஦㇟ࡲࡓࡣㅖ஦≀(ᗈ㎡ⱌ) ࡟ఏ࠼ࡿࡓࡵࡢ⛉Ꮫⓗ࣭ᐈほⓗドᣐᐃ⩏ே㛫ࡀᙧᡂࡋࡓ≀ᚰ୧㠃ࡢᡂᯝ(ᩥ໬㈈ಖㆤἲ㸧≉ᚩಖㆤࡀ୺┠ᶆ⟶⌮࡜฼⏝ࡢ୧❧බ㛤࡜฼⏝ᾘᴟⓗ✚ᴟⓗ᭷ᙧ/↓ᙧ୧⪅࠶ࡾᇶᮏⓗ࡟᭷ᙧ(⏕≀,㖔≀㸪໬▼➼㸧ᩥ໬㈈㸪グᛕ≀㸪ఏ⤫ⓗᘓ≀⩌㸪 ࢱ࢖ࣉᶆᮏ㸪⛥ᑡᶆᮏ㸪᭷ព཰㞟ᶆ⠊␪Ⓩ㘓グᛕ≀ᮏ⩌㸦ᆅᇦ㸪᫬㛫㸪཰㞟⪅㸧㸪Ꮫ⾡ᣦᐃᶆᮏ࡞࡝ἲᚊ⤌⧊ᩥ໬㈈ಖㆤἲ࡞ࡋ ⮬↛ྐ㈈ἲ㸽ᩥ⛉┬௨ୗᕷ⏫ᮧᩍ⫱ጤဨ఍ࡲ ᩥ⛉┬࡟ࡼࡿ⤫ᣓ㸽࡛ࡢࣆ࣑ࣛࢵࢻᵓ㐀㸲㸬ᅜ❧⮬↛ྐ༤≀㤋タ⨨ࡢᥦ᱌᪥ᮏᏛ⾡఍㆟➨ 22 ᮇࡢ኱つᶍ◊✲࣭᪋タィ⏬ࡢເ㞟࡟ᑐࡋ࡚ࠊ⌧ᅾࠊ᪂ࡓ࡞ࠕᅜ❧⮬↛ྐ༤≀㤋ࠖࡢᘓタᵓ᝿ࡀᥦ᱌ࡉࢀ࡚࠸ࡿࠋᏛ⾡఍㆟ࡢ⮬↛ྐᶆᮏࡢᩥ໬㈈໬ศ⛉఍ࠊ⮬↛ྐ࣭ྂ⏕≀Ꮫศ⛉఍ࠊື≀Ꮫศ⛉఍ࡀඹྠ࡛㉳᱌ࡋࠊᛂເせ㡿࡟ἢࡗ࡚ 2013 ᖺ 3 ᭶ᮎ࡟Ꮫ⾡఍㆟Ꮫ⾡ࡢ኱ᆺ◊✲ィ⏬᳨ウศ⛉఍ᐄᥦฟࡉࢀࡓࡶࡢ࡛࠶ࡿࠋྠᵝࡢ༤≀㤋ᵓ᝿ࡣࠊᏛ⾡఍㆟࡟࠾࠸࡚ࡶࡓࡧࡓࡧ࡞ࡉࢀ࡚ࡁࡓࡀࠊࡑࢀࡽࡣࡶࡗࡥࡽ㛵ಀᏛၥศ㔝ࡢ᣺⯆ࢆ୺║࡟ࡋࡓࡶࡢ࡛࠶ࡗࡓࠋ௒ᅇࡢᥦ᱌ࡀᚑ๓࡜኱ࡁࡃ␗࡞ࡿࡇ࡜ࡣࠊ➨୍࡟⮬↛ྐ◊✲ࡀࠊ⏕≀ከᵝᛶ࡜⏕H. Nishida - 3

BSJ- Revi ew 5: 81 ( 2014)

植物科学最前線 5: 82 ( 2014)ែ⣔ࠊᆅᇦཬࡧᆅ⌫඲యࡢ⮬↛⎔ቃࡢ⥅⥆┘ど࡟୙ྍḞ࡛࠶ࡿࡇ࡜ࢆタ❧⌮⏤࡟┒ࡾ㎸ࢇࡔࡇ࡜࡛࠶ࡿࠋࡉࡽ࡟ࠊ⮬↛ࡢኚ໬ࢆドᣐ࡙ࡅࡿ⮬↛ྐᶆᮏࡢᏳ඲࠿ࡘỌ⥆ⓗ࡞ಖ⟶ࢆಖドࡍࡿࡇ࡜㸪ᩍ⫱ⓗព⩏࡞࡝ࡢᚲせᛶࡀࠊᙉㄪࡉࢀࡓࠋ2014 ᖺ 2 ᭶ࡈࢁࢆ┠ฎ࡟㑅ᐃࡉࢀࡿ 25௳⛬ᗘࡢ᭱㔜Ⅼᩚഛィ⏬࡟ධࡾ㸪ࡉࡽ࡟㛵ಀ┬ᗇࡀண⟬໬࡟┠ࢆྥࡅ࡚ࡃࢀࢀࡤ㸪ᐇ⌧ᛶࡣ㧗ࡲࡿࡢࡔࡀ㸪ࡇࢀࡤ࠿ࡾࡣⰋ࠸⤖ᯝࢆ㢪࠺ࡋ࠿࡞࠸ࠋ㸳㸬⮬↛ྐ⛉Ꮫศ㔝ࡢ $%6 ࡬ࡢ㈉⊩ABS ࡢᑐ㇟࡜࡞ࡿ⏕≀ࡢ⤒῭ⓗࠕ㈨※ᛶࠖࢆㄽࡎࡿࡇ࡜ࡣࠊ⏕≀ከᵝᛶ᮲⣙࡟┒ࡾ㎸ࡲࢀࡓ฼┈ศ㓄ࡢ⌮ᛕ࡟ἢ࠺ࡇ࡜࡛࠶ࢁ࠺ࡀࠊࡑࢀ࡜୪⾜ࡋ࡚ࠊ⏕≀ከᵝᛶࡢ⌧≧࡜ᑗ᮶ࢆணࡍࡿࡓࡵࡢࠕᏛ⾡ᛶࠖ࡟ࡘ࠸࡚ࡶࠊ▱㆑ඹ᭷ࡢ⌮ᛕ࡜ࡋ࡚⏕࠿ࡉࡡࡤ࡞ࡽ࡞࠸ࠋࡲࡓ㸪୍ぢ㛵ಀࡀⷧ࠸ࡼ࠺࡟ぢ࠼ࡿ⮬↛ྐ࡜࠸࠺どⅬࢆ࠶࠼࡚ ABS ၥ㢟࡜࠶ࢃࡏ࡚ㄽࡌࡓࡢࡣ㸪⏕≀ᮦᩱ࡟㝈ࡽࡎ㸪໬▼ࡸ㖔≀࡞࡝ᗈ⠊࡞⮬↛ྐ㈨ᩱࡢ᥇㞟ࡸ㍺ฟධ࡟㸪ࡇࢀࡶ⤒῭ⓗ⌮⏤࠿ࡽつไࡀ࠿࠿ࡾጞࡵ㸪ABS ࡟ఝࡓၥ㢟ࡀቑ࠼ጞࡵ࡚࠸ࡿ࠿ࡽ࡛ࡶ࠶ࡿࠋࢩ࣏ࣥࢪ࣒࢘࡟࠾࠸࡚ࡶ㸪ᅜෆࡢㄢ㢟࡜ࡋ࡚㸪ABS ࡟㛵ࢃࡿᅜෆእࡢᡭ⥆ࡁࡸ⟶⌮㸪᝟ሗᥦ౪ࢆ࡝ࡇࡀ⾜࡞࠺ࡢ࠿࡜࠸࠺ၥ㢟ࡀᣦ᦬ࡉࢀࡓࠋᗈࡃ⮬↛ྐ㈈ࢆᢅ࠺ᶵ㛵࡜ࡋ࡚ࡢᅜ❧⮬↛ྐ༤≀㤋ࡣ㸪ࡇࡢࡼ࠺࡞ᴗົࢆ⤫ᣓࡍࡿࡢ࡟᭱㐺࡞⤌⧊࡛࠶ࡿ࠿ࡶࡋࢀ࡞࠸ࠋᘬ⏝ᩥ⊩⚄ᗞఙᖾࠊ㟷ᮌ╬ࠊす⏣἞ᩥࠊᰩཎ♸ྖ 2011㸬ᕳ㢌≉ูᗙㄯ఍ࠕ᪥ᮏࡢᩥ໬㈈ࣞࢫ࣮࢟ࣗࠖ㸬
Cultivate 38: 6-15㸬
➉ෆᩄኵࠊᓊ⏣ᐇ 1950㸬ᩥ໬㈈ಖㆤἲヲㄝ㸬ยỤ᭩㝔㸬ᮾி㸬す⏣἞ᩥ 2005㸬ᮍ᮶ࢆ⫱࡚ࡿᶆᮏ㸬≉㞟:༤≀㤋㸻ࣔࣀ㞟ࡵࡢᩥ໬㸬඲⛉༠ࢽ࣮ࣗࢫ 35: 3-5㸬す⏣἞ᩥ 2010㸬⮬↛ྐ࣭ྂ⏕≀Ꮫᩍ⫱࡜⏕≀ከᵝᛶᩍ⫱㸬≉㞟 2㸸⏕≀ከᵝᛶ࡜⤫ྜ⏕≀Ꮫ㸬Ꮫ⾡ࡢືྥ 15: 109-113㸬
す⏣἞ᩥ 2011a㸬࡞ࡐࡇࡢ㠀ᖖ᫬࡟ᶆᮏ࡜༤≀㤋ࢆ᱌ࡎࡿࡢ࠿ í ࢩ࣏ࣥࢪ࣒࢘㛤ദ㊃᪨㸬≉㞟㸯 ᮾ᪥ᮏ኱㟈⅏࡬ࡢᑐᛂ í Ꮫ⾡ࣇ࢛࣮࣒ࣛࡢᡂᯝࡢᴫせ í ճ⿕⅏ࡋࡓ⮬↛ྐᶆᮏ࡜༤≀㤋ࡢ᚟ᪧ࣭᚟⯆࡟ྥࡅ࡚㸬Ꮫ⾡ࡢືྥ 16: 34-35㸬
す⏣἞ᩥ 2011b㸬ᶆᮏࣞࢫ࣮࢟ࣗࠊ㐣ཤࢆᮍ᮶࡬ í ⮬↛⏺ࡢᩥ໬㈈ࢆᏲࡾఏ࠼ࡿࡇ࡜ࡢព⩏í㸬ᒾᵳ㑥⏨ࠊᇽᮏᬡᏊ㸦┘ಟ㸧⅏ᐖ࡜⏕≀ከᵝᛶ㸬⏕≀ከᵝᛶ JAPAN㸬pp㸬70-73㸬᪥ᮏᏛ⾡఍㆟ 2003a㸬᪥ᮏᏛ⾡఍㆟Ꮫ⾡ᇶ┙᝟ሗᖖ⨨ጤဨ఍ሗ࿌ Ꮫ⾡㈨ᩱࡢ⟶⌮࣭ಖᏑ࣭ά⏝యไࡢ☜❧࠾ࡼࡧᑓ㛛⫋ဨࡢ☜ಖ࡜ࡑࡢ㣴ᡂไᗘࡢᩚഛ࡟ࡘ࠸࡚㸬᪥ᮏᏛ⾡఍㆟ 2003b㸬᪥ᮏᏛ⾡఍㆟ື≀⛉Ꮫ◊✲㐃⤡ጤဨ఍࣭᳜≀⛉Ꮫ◊✲㐃⤡ጤဨ఍ሗ࿌
⮬↛ྐ⣔࣭⏕≀⣔༤≀㤋࡟࠾ࡅࡿᩍ⫱࣭◊✲ࡢ㧗ᗘ໬࡟ࡘ࠸࡚㸬᪥ᮏᏛ⾡఍㆟ 2005㸬᪥ᮏᏛ⾡఍㆟ື≀⛉Ꮫ◊✲㐃⤡ጤဨ఍࣭᳜≀⛉Ꮫ◊✲㐃⤡ጤဨ఍ሗ࿌
⮬↛ྐ⣔༤≀㤋࡟࠾ࡅࡿᶆᮏࡢ཰㞟࣭⥅ᢎయไࡢ㧗ᗘ໬᪥ᮏᏛ⾡఍㆟ 2007a㸬᪥ᮏᏛ⾡఍㆟⮬↛ྐ࣭ྂ⏕≀Ꮫศ⛉఍㸦ᇶ♏⏕≀Ꮫጤဨ఍࣭ᛂ⏝⏕≀Ꮫጤဨ఍࣭ᆅ⌫ᝨᫍ⛉Ꮫጤဨ఍ྜྠ㸧ᑐእሗ࿌ ᩥ໬ࡢ᰾࡜࡞ࡿ࡭ࡁ┿ࡢ⮬↛⣔༤≀㤋ࡢ☜❧ࢆ┠ᣦࡋ࡚㸬
H. Nishida - 4

BSJ- Revi ew 5: 82 ( 2014)

植物科学最前線 5: 83 ( 2014)᪥ᮏᏛ⾡఍㆟ 2007b㸬ኌ᫂ ༤≀㤋ࡢ༴ᶵࢆࡢࡾࡇ࠼ࡿࡓࡵ࡟㸬᪥ᮏᏛ⾡఍㆟ 2010. ᪥ᮏᏛ⾡఍㆟᪥ᮏࡢᒎᮃጤဨ఍⏕࿨⛉Ꮫసᴗศ⛉఍ᥦゝ ᪥ᮏࡢᒎᮃ í⏕࿨⛉Ꮫ࠿ࡽࡢᥦゝ.
┿㘠 ┿ 2011.ᮾ᪥ᮏ኱㟈⅏:Ꮫ⾡ࢥ࣑ࣗࢽࢸ࢕ࡀྲྀ⤌ࡴ࡭ࡁ⌧ᅾ࡜ᮍ᮶㸬඲⛉༠ࢽ࣮ࣗࢫ 41:5-7㸬

H. Nishida - 5

BSJ- Revi ew 5: 83 ( 2014)