Steel Industry Measures to Combat
Global Warming
Voluntary Action Plan Progress Report

December 2010

The Japan Iron and Steel Federation

INDEX
1. FY2009 Report for Voluntary Action Program
2. The Goals and Vision of Japan’s Steel
Industry
3. Requests Concerning Initiatives in Japan

4. Reference Materials

2

FY2009 Report for Voluntary Action Program

1. FY2009 Report for Voluntary Action Program
Highlights of this year’s report FY2009 energy consumption was down 17.2% from FY1990 due in part toa sharp drop in crude steel production. Although this decline was higher
than the target for the FY2008-FY2012 five-year average, crude steel
production is currently rebounding. As a result, the target of a 10%
reduction vs. FY1990 energy consumption remains challenging.
 The steel industry will continue to focus on energy conservation(investments to conserve energy leading up to FY2012 (equivalent to 1.3%)) and use the Kyoto Mechanism as required (current contract
volume is 53 million tons, equivalent to -5.3%) to increase the probabilityof reaching the target.

ＪＩＳＦ

3

FY2009 Report for Voluntary Action Program

Voluntary Action Program of Steel Industry
1. Conserve energy with more efficient steel production processes• Assuming annual crude steel production of about 100 million tons, the goal is to achieve a 10%
reduction in energy consumption used by steel production processes by fiscal 2010 comparedwith fiscal 1990, the reference year.
• However, even if crude steel output exceeds 100 million tons, the steel industry is determined to
do what is needed, including use of the Kyoto Protocol mechanisms, to reach this target.
• The 10% reduction is to be achieved based on average energy consumption for the five-year
period ending in fiscal 2012
*A 10% cut in energy consumption is viewed as equivalent to a 9% cut in CO2 emissions.

2. Contribute to energy conservation outside the steel industry(1) Reuse one million tons of waste plastics and other materials, assuming that the required
collection system can be established.

(2) Use steel products and byproducts to contribute to energy conservation(3) Use international technical cooperation to contribute to energy conservation(4) Utilize unused energy at steel mills in neighboring areas(5) Increase activities involving consumers, businesses and transportation

3. Development of revolutionary technologies• Technology to separate CO2 from blast furnace gas for recovery• Iron ore reduction technology using modified hydrogen from coke oven gas
ＪＩＳＦ

4

FY2009 Report for Voluntary Action Program

Voluntary Action Plan Progress Toward Reduction Targets(Fiscal 2009 Performance)• FY2009 crude steel production of 93,717 thousand tons was 10.5%
less than in fiscal 1990 (91 participating companies).
• Energy consumption was 17.2% less than in FY1990• CO2 emissions were 17.5% less than in FY1990• Unit energy consumption was down 7.5% from FY1990 and unit
CO2 emissions were down 7.8%.
*CO2 emissions in this presentation are calculated by using electric power coefficients after reflecting emission credits.

Reference: Data for entire Japanese steel industry•

FY2009 crude steel production was 96.449 million tons which is 13.7% less thanin FY1990•

Energy consumption was 17.6% less than in FY1990•

CO2 emissions were 17.8% less than in FY1990* Energy consumption is total of steel producers. CO2 emissions were estimated based on "Current Survey of Energy Consumption".

ＪＩＳＦ

5

FY2009 Report for Voluntary Action Program

Energy Consumption
Unit Energy Consumption(Based on FY1990)(Index)(指数)

Total Energy Consumed
(PJ)

2,500

▼17.2%
▼3.7%

▼10%

100.0

▼2.4%
▼5.2%
▼6.8% ▼7.2%▼8.4%▼9.1%▼8.2%▼11.3%

102.0

98.0

100.0

▼7.5％

▼11.5%
96.0

2,379
2,439

2,348

2,233

2,216

2,164

94.0

2,272

2,239

2,312
2,262

2,158

2,195

2,018

FY20092009年度
92.5

92.0

91.4
90.0
88.0

1,500

87.4

(FY)
Crude （年度）
steel
粗鋼 105
output1995

2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009

2010

93

101 98 104 106 108 108 113 117 101

100

94

19
90

86.0

1990

20
00
20
01
20
02
20
03
20
04
20
05
20
06
20
07
20
08
20
09
20
10
20
11
20
12

2,000

(Million tons)*PJ is a petajoule (1015 joules). One joule is 0.23889 calories. 1PJ is equivalent to about 2.58 million kiloliters of crude oil.

ＪＩＳＦ

6

FY2009 Report for Voluntary Action Program

CO2 Emissions from Fuel Combustion
CO2 Emissions from Fuel
Combustion

Unit CO2 Emissions(Based on FY1990)(Index)(Million
tons of CO2)
（百万ｔ-ＣＯ２）
210

101.0

▼17.5%
200
▼4.4%

190

▼1.8%

▼7.8％

▼8.5%
▼10.8%

200.6

99.0

97.0

▼12.2%

170

197.1

160

191.8

150

183.6

183.9

178.9

140

187.9

186.0

190.2

187.0

95.0

FY20092009年度

176.2

182.6

165.6

93.0

92.2
91.0

130

90.8

89.0

120

88.0

Crude
粗鋼 105steel
output1995

2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009

2010

93

101 98 104 106 108 108 113 117 101

100

94

87.0

19
90

1990

20
00
20
01
20
02
20
03
20
04
20
05
20
06
20
07
20
08
20
09
20
10
20
11
20
12

180

▼5.2%
▼6.3% ▼6.8%
▼7.3%
▼8.3%

▼9%

(Million tons)

ＪＩＳＦ

7

FY2009 Report for Voluntary Action Program

Causes of Change in FY09 Energy Consumption
FY2009 energy consumption was 17.2% less than in FY1990 because of a 10.5% decrease in
crude steel production and a 7.5% improvement in unit energy consumption.

（ＰＪ）
2700

▲421PJ（▲17.2）

2600
Lower
production volume
生産変動

2500

（▲10.5％）

2400

256

2300
2200

Lower unit energy
原単位改善
consumption（▲6.7％）

2,439

164

2100
2000

（1-0.105）×7.5％=6.7％* Exclude
production changing factor※生産変動要因を除いたもの

1900

1990

2,018
2009

ＪＩＳＦ

8

FY2009 Report for Voluntary Action Program

Probability of Reaching Targets• Japan’s crude steel production increased steadily since FY2001 but dropped sharply in the second half of FY2008.
• The downturn ended in the second half of FY2009 and crude steel production has been recovering since then. In
the first half of 2010, Japan’s annualized crude steel output had recovered to over the 110 million ton level.
Achieving a 10% reduction (five-year average) vs. FY1990 will be challenging. However, the Japanese steel
industry is determined to do what is needed, including using the Kyoto Protocol mechanisms, to reach the target.

（PJ）(10,000（万トン）tons)
6,500

Energy consumption (left scale)
エネルギー消費量年度推移（左目盛）2,500

Six months crude steel production(total for Japan, right scale)右目盛）
粗鋼生産半期推移（全国ベース

6,000

Target -10%
5,500

2,000
5,000

Decrease

Increase

4,500

Recovery4,000

上 下 上 下 上 下 上 下 上 下 上 下 上 下 上 下 上 下 上 下 上 下

1,500
90

00

01

02

03

04

05

06

07

08

09

10

Source: METI
ＪＩＳＦ

9

FY2009 Report for Voluntary Action Program

Outlook for Energy Conservation Measures(Reference)
Installation Rates

 Total energy to be conserved byprojects now under consideration by
Japanese steelmakers between now
and 2012 will cut energy consumption
by about 1.3% vs. FY1990.
About 56% of these projects have been
approved.

 Specific actions are listed below.

FY2011 One unit installed at Nippon Coke
& Engineering

C DQ

End of FY09
91%

T RT

100％

0

20

40

60

End of
FY11
93%

80

1 0 0 (% )(% share)Exhaust heatrecovery

Larger TRTs (top pressure recovery turbine), CDQ (coke dry quenching) installation, more gas
recovery, recovery of LD converter gas, regenerative burners, others

59

More efficientequipment

High-efficiency oxygen equipment, improved power generation turbines, improved sintering,
improved blast furnace, more efficient motors, more efficient power generation equipment,
improved hot blast stove, others

26

Better operating
methods

Smaller ratio of oxidizing agent, temperature management of steel materials, use of cold iron,others6

Effective reuseof materials

Reuse of waste plastics, etc., more waste plastic treatment equipment, others

2

OthersDust recycling, coal moisture control, preliminary iron ore processing, others

7

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10

FY2009 Report for Voluntary Action Program

Use of Kyoto Protocol Mechanisms
Use these mechanisms as a supplementary means of achieving the goal.

(1) JISF investments in Japan Greenhouse Gas Reduction Fund and Bio Carbon Fund:
Total of 1 million tons
(2) Starting steel energy conservation technology (CDQ/China, Sintering exhaust heatrecovery/Philippines) and steel engineering technology (CFC treatment, etc./China)
CDMs and other projects: Total of 52 million tons

Signed contracts to purchase 53 million tons (10.6mn tons/year = -5.3%)
47mn tons of this amount has been registered with the UN (9.4mn tons/year = -4.7%)
CDM Projects of Japanese Steelmakers (UN Registered)*1(10,000t CO2 emission
reduction CO2/year)

Amount for firstcommitment period(10,000t CO2/year)

CompanyCountry

Project

Nippon Steel
Mitsubishi Corp

China

Shandong Dongyue HFC 23
destruction project

1,011

7 years starting inJuly „07

1,000 *2

Nippon Steel

China

Installation of heat recovery systemfor coke plant in Qian'an

21

10 years starting in
Oct. ‟06

105

JFE SteelPhilippines

Power generation using exhaust
heat from sinter cooling equipment

5.5

10 years starting inJan. ‟08

27.5

Credit period

Notes: *1.These materials are for projects conducted by steelmakers; total is 47mn tons of CO 2
*2. Only Nippon Steel‟s portion of contractual credits for this project

ＪＩＳＦ

11

FY2009 Report for Voluntary Action Program

Reuse of Waste Plastics and Tires（万ｔ）
10,000tons

Reuse廃プラスチック・廃タイヤ利用実績
of Waste Plastics and Waste tires

50
容器包装リサイクル法全面施行
Full enactment of Japan‟s Containers ＊and（2000年４月１日）
Packaging Recycling Law *45
40(April 1, 2000)

35
30
25

27

20

45

37

37

37
32

29

35

15

15
10
5

42

8
3

3

0
1997 1998 1999 2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009
*Start ofof general waste plastics as products＊reuse一般廃棄物系廃プラスチックの再商品化開始

ＪＩＳＦ

FY

12

FY2009 Report for Voluntary Action Program

Effective Use of Waste Plastics and Other Waste Materials
 Current waste plastic processing capacity at Japanese steel companies is about 400,000 tons (FY09, tires
not included). But actual recycling was only about 230,000 tons (60% capacity utilization) in FY09 since
recycling of materials takes priority.
 A review of policies can produce a big drop in CO2 emissions through the effective use of waste plastics,
etc. We hope to see a quick reexamination of recycling systems from the following standpoints.
(1) From the standpoint of the effective use of waste material resources (recycling of materials highly effective at reducing CO2
emissions), eliminate the system of prioritizing materials with a low CO2 reduction benefit under the container andpackaging recycling system.
(2) Ask for the participation in the container and packaging recycling system of municipalities that recycle trash (about 800).
This participation would allow the resource recycling of about 300,000 tons of waste materials (equivalent to annual CO2
emission reduction of about 1 million tons).

300

100%
Processing volume

Product volume

Product yield

88%

250

80%

200
60%
150

51%
40%

100
50

Processing volume: Material recyclers＞Chemical recyclers

Product yield

Processing/product volume (thousand tons)

Processing, Product and Product Yield by Method

20%

Product volume: Material recycles Chemical recyclers

0

Chemical recyclers

Material Recyclers

0%（Blast furnace, coke oven)

ＪＩＳＦ

13

2. The Goals and Vision of Japan’s Steel Industry

ＪＩＳＦ

14

Global Contribution of the Japanese Steel Industry

The Goals and Vision of Japan’s Steel Industry

Eco Process

Eco Solution

 Production processes used by the Japanese steel industry have the world’s highest
energy efficiency. The potential for further emission reductions is thus the smallest in
the world.
 The goal is to use the voluntary action program to cut CO2 emissions by about 18
million tons vs. FY1990 during the first commitment period of the Kyoto Protocol.

 Major energy-conserving equipment with Japanese steel industry technology inuse in other countries (China, Korea, India, Russia and others) currently cuts
annual CO2 emissions by about 33 million tons.

Estimates of potential reductions resulting from use of the major technologies

 Potential CO2 emission reduction is estimated at 340 million tons/year(equivalent to about 25% of Japan’s total CO2 emissions) if these energyconserving technologies are transferred and used worldwide.
Emission Reductions in Other Countries from Japanese Energyconserving Equipment
No. of units
Coke dry quenching (CDQ)
Top-pressure recovery turbines (TRT)
Byproduct gas combustion (GTCC)
Basic oxygen furnace OG gas recovery
Basic oxygen furnace sensible heat recovery
Sintering exhaust heat recovery

55
47
24
17
7
5
Total emission reduction

Reduction(1,000 tons/year)
8,620
7,897
11,858
3,481
848
725
33,429Source: International Energy Agency

Eco Product High-performance steel developed with manufacturers and sold in Japan and othercountries contributes to CO2 emission reductions when finished products made ofthis steel are used.
 For the five products for which quantitative data are available (FY2009 production
8.3 million tons, 8.6% of all crude steel production), the use of high-performancesteel cut CO2 emissions by 18.81 million tons in FY2009.
Domestic

ExportTransformers

Transformers

164
21
Trains

28

149

CO2
emission
reduction of
8.94 million
tons

72

Ships

479

Automobiles

123

CO2
emission
reduction of
9.87 million
tons

Ships

Power generation boilers

Source: The Institute of Energy Economics, Japan

Eco
Process
エコプロセス

Reduction of about 18 million tons of CO2/year
during京都議定書第一約束期間でKyoto Protocol first commitment period-CO2/
約1,800(Goal
is 9%万ｔ
reduction年の削減
vs. FY1990)（90年度比▲9％目標）

Total contribution of eco processes, products and solutions
is a CO2 reduction of about 70 million tons/year
About 6% of Japan’s total CO2 emissions (FY1990)
About 35% of Japanese steel industry CO2 emissions (FY1990)

Eco Product357

Automobiles

488

Three “eco” contributions
cut CO2 emissions by 70 million tonsPowergeneration
boilers

エコプロダクト
Reductionof about 19 million tons ofCO2/year fromuse of finished products made of
高機能鋼材による
high-performance steel
使用段階での削減貢献*Contribution
for万ｔ
five-CO2/
steel 年の削減
products for which
約1,900quantitative data are available※定量的に把握している５品種（830万t）の効果 (8.3 million tons)

Eco Solution
エコソリューション

Reduction of about 33 million tons ofCO2/yeardue to global contribution to cutting
省エネ技術・設備の普及による
CO2 emissions
from overseas use of energy地球規模での削減貢献
conserving
and equipment
約3,300technologies
万ｔ-CO2/年の削減

15

The Goals and Vision of Japan’s Steel Industry

The Goals and Vision of Japan’s Steel Industry(1) 2020
Eco process⇒Goal is reduction of 5 million tons
•Aiming for a further improvement in energy efficiency of steel production processes, which are
already the highest in the world
The 2020 goal is to aim for a reduction of about 5 million tons of CO2 emissions (emission reduction vs. business as usual in 2020, excluding reduction from
improvement in electric power emission coefficient), which is based on the maximum use of the latest technological advances and 2020 crude steel output of
119.66 million tons. This is the long-term energy supply-demand outlook (recalculated) of the Advisory Committee on Energy and Natural Resources. (Cost of
this reduction is about ¥1 trillion.)

Eco product⇒ Estimated contribution of 30 mil. tons

18.81 million ton contribution in FY2009(Products included: Production of 8.3mn tons, 8.6% of
total crude steel output)•By supplying high-performance steel, which is vital to creating a low-carbon society, Japanese
steelmakers contribute to cutting CO2 emissions when finished products made of this steel are used.

Eco solution⇒ Estimated contribution of 70 mil. tons

FY2009 contribution was 33 million tons

•Contribute worldwide by transferring the world’s most advanced energy-conserving technologies toother countries (mainly developing countries) and increasing the use of these technologies.

(2) Long term
Development of revolutionary steelmaking processes (COURSE50)
Cut CO2 emissions from production processes about 30% by using hydrogen for iron ore reduction
and collecting CO2 from blast furnace gas. The first production unit is to begin operations by about
2030*. Goal is widespread use of these processes by about 2050 in line with timing of updates ofexisting blast furnace facilities. *Assumes establishment of economic basis for CO2 storage infrastructure and creation of a practical unit using these processes.

16

The Goals and Vision of Japan’s Steel Industry

Eco Process• The 2020 goal is a reduction of 5 million tons of CO2 emissions, which is based on the maximum use of the latest
technological advances and the steel production volumes envisioned in the report of the Advisory Committee on Energy
and Natural Resources. The Japanese steel industry is thus aiming for further improvements in energy efficiency, whichis already the world’s highest.
• Specifically, the goal is to cut emissions by 5 million tons by using advanced technologies that have reached the stage ofpractical use when current facilities are updated or replaced. Examples include the use of next-generation cokeproduction technology, higher efficiency for joint thermal and internal power generation, more energy-conserving
equipment like TRT, CDQ and facilities to recover heat emissions and sensible heat, higher efficiency for equipment
powered by electricity, and more chemical recycling of waste plastics and other materials at steel mills.
• Emission reduction targets are calculated using the maximum potential for reductions. Technical and physical limitations
when starting to use new technologies are not taken into consideration.
• When starting to use new technologies, in addition to initiatives of the steel industry itself, specific emission-reduction
measures (promotion of widespread use, actions to recover and utilize waste plastics and other materials, and othermeasures) using the cooperation of the public sector and others will be vital as well.
Emission Reduction Targets for 2020
For lower production(10 million tons less than standard case)(Million tons, Million tons of CO2)
For higher production(10 million tons above standard case)Standard caseTotal crude steel production in Japan109.66

119.66129.66

Production at participating companies

105.16114.75124.34

BAU emissions at participating companies

183.31

195.40207.51

190.40202.51

Reduction from new technologies
Total reduction at participating companies

5
178.31*Production volume at participating companies is calculated by using the ratio of FY2005 crude steel production at companies participating in thevoluntary action program (91 companies) to total crude steel production in Japan (95.9%).

*A significant change in production volume may cause these figures to become greater or less than the anticipated range. If this happens, the suitability of
the BAU and emission reduction volumes will have to be reexamined based on actual production volume.

17

The Goals and Vision of Japan’s Steel Industry

Eco Process (Revolutionary steelmaking technologies)(Reference: Advisory Committee on Energy and Natural Resources report)

About 5 million tons of CO2

約５百万tCO2
約１兆円
About ¥1 trillion

Premisefor long-term energy supply-demand outlook (recalculated) (proposal)
長期エネルギー需給見通し（再計算）（案）における想定

Maximumuse of advanced technologies at practical stages when facilities are updated or replaced
設備の更新時に、実用段階にある最先端の技術を最大限導入。
In エネルギー効率が世界一の我が国の鉄鋼部門について、更に以Japan’s steel industry, which is already the world’s most efficient, cut
CO2 emissions
by using the following types of advanced technologies.
下のような最先端技術を導入し、ＣＯ２削減を図っていく。
製鉄○ Higher efficiency for internal and joint thermal power○自 家発
・ 共同 火力 発電 設備 の高 効率 化更 新generationequipment

420,000kL
４２ 万 ｋ Ｌ

将 来 の最 適 設 備 構成 を考 慮

自家発
電 joint
及びthermal
共 同 火 力 におけ る発 Install
電設 more efficient equipment when existing
Replace internaland
し 、 更 新 を迎 え る設備 を順 次 高備 を、高効 率 なwith
設 備にpower generation
facilities
more更新 す る。 facilities are効due
for replacement
率 設備に 入 れ 替え to create theefficient equipment
optimum composition of equipment in the future○ 廃 プ ラ ス チ ッ ク の 製 鉄 所で の ケ ミ カ ルリ サ イ○ Increasechemicalクル
拡 大 recycling using waste plastics at steel mills
Use less coalby リサ
utilizing
waste
and
other
容器
イ クル
法 にplastics
より回収
され
た廃プ
materials collectedin accordancewith炭Japan’s
ラス チ ック
等を活 用 し 、石の使 用量を削 減 す る。
container recyclinglaw.

４７ 万 ｋ Ｌ

470,000kL

Collect
and use1 million
tons をof
10
0万 トンの
廃 プラス
チック等
waste
plastics
and other materials
集
荷 ・使
用

○ Improve
efficiencyof 効率
equipment
powered by electricity○電 力
需 要 設備の改善

１２ 万120,000kL
ｋＬ

Replace electricallyequipment
mills
製 鉄 所 でpowered
電 力を消
費 す る設at
備steelにつ いて 、with more efficient facilities.
高 the
効 率useな 設of
備に
更 新 す る。
○ Increaseenergy-conservationequipment

Install○more
for utilizing
waste heat, such as
省 facilities
エ ネ 設備の増強
blast furnace
equivalentgasクス
recovery
高top
炉炉
頂 圧回 収pressure
発 電 、コー
炉 の顕熱
回 収sensible
等 の 、廃熱活
用 の省 エ ネ設備を増and coke ovenheat
recovery.
強 す る。

510,000kL

When updating or replacing
５１ 万 ｋ Ｌ
equipment,
raise更efficiency
to the設
備 の効 率 を、
新 時 に 現状の最 高水possible
準とする
highestlevel.

○ SCOPE21 coke oven1.3bil. tons

15

5-7% pa 13億㌧
年５～７％

粗1% pa, up 年１％、30年間で＋１億㌧
100mn tons in 30 years
鋼10
見
7億㌧tons
掛 5%
pa 700mn
年５％
消
費5

0

64

67

310,000kL

○ SC
OPE２
コー クス炉万 ｋovens
Ｌ
Conserve
energywhen１型
producingcoke
Start using new technologies at３１
all coke
石 炭 事 前coal
処理processing
工 程 等 の 導入 による、コークス 炉orの設
備更新
時ovensにす byby using preliminary
as they areコー
updatedreplaced(six
クス 製 造 の 省 エ ネ化 。
べ て 導入 （ 2020年 ま で に６基 ）and other measures.
2020).

これまでの主な関連政策
Major associated initiatives thus far
Developmentofarevolutionary coke production technology (SCOPE21) that
○省エネルギー型で生産効率の高い革新的なコークス製造プロ
conserves energy and produces coke very efficiently
セス技術（SCOPE21）の開発（1994年度～2003年度：82億円）(FY1994-FY2003: ¥8.2 billion)

Issues【課題】○ Issues○最先端技術の導入側の課題
involving users of advanced technologies
・設置スペースの制約• Limited spacefor new equipment• Compatibility
with current infrastructure (energy supplies, etc.)
・既存インフラ（エネルギー供給等）とのマッチング• Restrictions
on timing of installation work (need to reflect production plans,
・工事タイミング制約（生産計画との調整、工事ロス制約）
limitations
on lost output during installation)○最先端技術の供給側の課題○ Issues involving providers of advanced technologies
・メーカー対応力（技術開発・設計・生産能力）• Ability of manufacturers
to supply technologies (technology development,
design and・エンジニアリング能力
production capabilities)○その他の制約• Engineering
capabilities○ Other restrictions
・廃プラスチック等の集荷・供給制約• Limitations on the ability to collect and supply waste plastics and othermaterials※本資料は、モデル計算上の仮の前提を提示するもの*These materials are based on assumptions that use model calculations.

世界の鉄鋼需要の推移
Global Steel Demand（億㌧）
100mil.
tons

Major technologies
envisioned
主要な技術導入想定

Apparent crude steel consumption

Ironmaking

Rapid increase in global steel demand due mainly to higher demand in
途上国での需要の増加等により、世界の鉄鋼需要は急増。
developing countries

70

73

76

79

82

85

88

91

94

800mn
8億㌧
tons

97

00

03

06

出典：world
steel （世界鉄鋼協会）
Source:world steel

Japan’s steel industry has the world’s highest energy efficiency. As global
日本鉄鋼業のエネルギー効率は、世界最高水準。世界の鉄鋼
steel
demand rises, lowering Japan’s production while raising production in
需要が増す中で、日本の生産を減少させ、他国での生産を増
other countries
would thus cause worldwide CO2 emissions to increase.
やすことは、世界全体でのＣＯ２増加に繋がる。
Steel Industry Unit-Energy Consumption (Blast furnace-steel converter)JPN

KOR DEU FRA GBR USA CAN CHN IND AUS RUS

出展：「エネルギー効率の国際比較（発電・鉄鋼・セメント部門）」ＲＩＴＥ
Comparison of Energy Efficiency (Electric Power, Steel and Cement)”
ＪＩＳＦ Source: RITE “International

18

The Goals and Vision of Japan’s Steel Industry

CO2 Emission Reductions from Use of Eco Product To determine the contribution of high-performance steel products, the JISF established the LCA Energy Assessment Committee (Chairman:
Professor Kanji Yoshioka, Keio University) in FY2001. This committee has been monitoring this contribution every year since then by
performing assessments and analyses from a life cycle assessment (LCA) perspective with user industry associations and The Institute ofEnergy Economics, Japan.
 For the five steel products for which quantitative data are available (FY2009 production 8.3 million tons, 8.6% of Japan’s total crude steel
output), the use of finished products made of high-performance steel cut FY2009 CO2 emissions by 8.94 million tons for steel used in Japanand 9.87 million tons for exports, a total of 18.81 million tons of CO2.
 If demand for these five high-performance steel products remains at the FY2009 level until FY20, the CO2 reduction from the use of finishedproducts made of these steel products in FY20 will be an estimated 10.77 million tons for steel used in Japan and 18.85 million tons forexports, a total of about 30 million tons of CO2.
1.
Domestic
１.国内

CO2 2009年度断面の排出削減実績
Emission Reductions FY09

CO2 Emission Reductions FY20 (E)2020年度断面の排出削減（推定）変 圧 器
Transformers

Transformers
変 圧 器

149

164

261

265
72

Automobiles
自動車

488
発電用ボイラーPower generation
boilers
1

2. Export
２.輸出
変 圧 器
Transformers

28

479

123

CO2
emission
CO2削減量
reduction of
987万t-CO2
9.87
million
tons

船舶
Ships

357

If FY2009
demand levelremains until
FY20

30 million tons

Trains
電車

Ships
船舶

CO2
emission
CO2削減量
reduction of
894万t-CO2
8.94
milliontons

19 million tons

21

電車
TrainsCO2emission
CO2削減量
reduction of
1,077万t-CO2
10.77
million
tons

30

Ships
船舶

136

Automobiles
自動車385
発電用ボイラーPowergeneration boilers

Transformers
変
圧 器

73
414
777

自動車
Automobiles

発電用ボイラーPowergeneration boilers
1

Source: The Institute of Energy Economics, Japan*The five categories are automotive sheets, oriented electrical sheets, heavy plates for shipbuilding, boiler tubes and stainless steel sheets*Assessments in Japan started in FY1990 and for exports assessments started in FY2003 for automobiles and shipbuilding, in FY1998 for boiler tubes and in FY1996 for electrical sheets.
*In FY2009, use of the five categories of steel products in Japan was 4.58 million tons and exports were 3.72 million tons for a total of 8.30 million tons.

Ships
船舶

CO2
emission
CO2削減量
reduction of
1,885万t-CO2
18.85
million
tons

620
自動車
Automobiles

Powergeneration boilers
発電用ボイラー

19

Examples of Eco Product

The Goals and Vision of Japan’s Steel Industry

High-performance steel, much of which is made by Japanese steelmakers, will be vital to making the broad
range of products that will be needed to create a low-carbon society. Examples include high-tensile strength
steel sheets and electrical steel sheets for hybrid and electric vehicles; pipes with outstanding strength andcorrosion resistance for ultra-super-critical boilers for coil-fired power plants; and forged steel parts and steel
sheets for reactor pressure vessels and steel pipes for steam generators in nuclear power stations. Demand iscertain to increase significantly in all these areas.
How high-performance steel helps fight global warming
Hybrid vehicles and electric vehicles
High-efficiency grain-oriented electrical steel sheets for hybrid andelectric vehicle motors cut fuel consumption, boost power and reduce
size and weight.
Cumulative global sales of hybrid vehicles, a market sector where Japanese
automakers have a dominant position, are more than 1.7 million vehicles. Thesevehicles have cut CO2 emissions by an estimated 9 million tons (compared withgasoline-powered vehicles). Source: Toyota website

Ultra-super-critical boilers
Ultra-super-critical boilers, which raise power generation efficiency,
require steel pipes that are very strong at high temperatures and able
to resist oxidation and high-temperature corrosion caused byexposure to steam.
Steel pipes made in Japan have been used at 191 ultra-super-critical boilers worldwide
between 1993 and 2008. The higher power generating efficiency of these boilers lowered
the amount of coal used, resulting in an estimated annual CO2 emission reduction of 66
million tons (compared with subcritical pressure boilers and super-critical boilers).

Nuclear power
Larger number of nuclear power stations due to forged steel parts for
power generation
All nuclear power stations in Japan use large forged components. The 53
reactors operating at nuclear power stations in Japan in FY2008 are estimatedto have cut annual CO2 emissions by 228.93 million tons (compared with coalfired power stations)20

The Goals and Vision of Japan’s Steel Industry

Eco Solution

Major energy-conserving technologies developed and applied by the Japanese steel industry have been transferred to other countries byJapanese companies. Looking only at coke dry quenching (CDQ), top pressure recovery turbines (TRT) and other major facilities, thesetechnologies have cut annual CO2 emissions by about 33 million tons collectively in China, Korea, India, Russia, Ukraine, Brazil and othercountries.
Based on the potential for lowering global CO2 emissions through major energy-conserving technologies, the current share (of CO2
emissions) of Japanese companies, their supply capacities and other factors, Japan's contribution for lowering annual CO2 emissions
globally in 2020 is estimated at 70mn tons .
If energy-conserving technologies (including high-efficiency blast furnaces, etc.) are transferred and utilized worldwide, the potential for
lowering annual CO2 emissions is estimated at 130 million tons in the seven APP countries and 340 million tons worldwide (equivalent toabout 25% of Japan‟s total CO2 emissions).

Emission Reductions in Other Countries from Japanese Energyconserving Equipment
No. of units
Coke dry quenching (CDQ)
Top-pressure recovery turbines (TRT)
Byproduct gas combustion (GTCC)
Basic oxygen furnace OG gas recovery
Basic oxygen furnace sensible heat recovery
Sintering exhaust heat recovery

55
47
24
17
7
5
Total emission reduction

Reduction(1,000 tons/year)
8,620
7,897
11,858
3,481
848
725
33,429* GTOC: Gas Turbine Combined Cycle system

Potential Emission Reductions from Use of Major Energy
Conservation Technologies in APP and world
0

10

Milliontons/year
30 百万トン/ 年 4020

20.89

Coke dry quenching
コークス乾式消火設備

5.39

Coal
moisturizing
石炭調湿設備36.09

Coke oven gas recovery
コークス炉ガス回収
Sinteringcooler heat recovery
焼結クーラー排熱回収

5.22

36.10

Blast furnacegas recovery
高炉ガス
回収
Top-pressure高炉炉頂圧発電
recovery turbines

5.42

Pulverizedcoal injection
微粉炭吹き込み

3.74

Hot blast stove heat recovery

熱風炉排熱回収0.88

Basic oxygen furnace gas recovery

10.13

転炉ガス回収Basic oxygen furnace sensible heat
転炉ガス顕熱回収
recovery

Source:APP
出所：APP

Potential CO2 emission reduction
340 million tons/year world wide

Potential reduction in 7 APP
countries is 130 million tonsof CO2 per year

5.17

Estimates of potential reductions resulting from use of the major technologies

Potential global reduction is 340
million tons of CO2 per year

Japan’s contribution by transferring major energy-conserving
technologies

FY2009: 33million tons

FY2020: 70million tons

Source: International Energy Agency

ＪＩＳＦ

21

International Alliances of the Japanese Steel Industry

The Goals and Vision of Japan’s Steel Industry

The Japanese steel industry has achieved concrete results by using the Japan-China Steel Industries Conference on Exchange ofAdvanced Technologies on Environmental Preservation and Energy-Saving, Asia-Pacific Partnership (seven countries), World
Steel Association (60 countries) and other forums to encourage adoption of the global sectoral approach.
With these activities, the Japanese steel industry is making a significant contribution to the “Hatoyama initiative” by transferring theindustry‟s outstanding energy-conserving technologies and equipment to other countries and increasing their use in thesecountries.
1. Japan-China Steel Industries Conference on Exchange of Advanced
Technologies on Environmental Preservation and Energy-Saving(Japan and China account for about half of the world’s crude steel production)
Japanese and Chinese executives signed a memorandum of understanding at
the first meeting that was held in July 2005 in Beijing. Since then, technology
exchange conferences attended by experts from the two countries have been
held every year.
The foundation for international cooperation in the steel industry

2. APP Steel Task Force(The 7 APP countries account for 64% of the world’s crude steel production)

This task force was started in April 2006 by the ministers of six countries: Japan, Australia,
China, India, Korea and the U.S. Canada joined in 2007, raising participation to the current
seven countries. Meetings are held twice each year and are consistently producing benefits.
There are eight task forces, including for steel and cement, and Japan chairs the steel task
force.
Member countries have given the steel task force high marks for facilitating the sharing ofenergy-conservation technologies, establishing a uniform system for measuring efficiency,
performing energy-conservation diagnoses using specialists, and performing other activities.

SOACT Handbook• The State-of-the-Art Clean Technologies(SOACT) for Steelmaking Handbook
contains 22 environmental-protection
technologies and 42 energy-conservation
technologies. Of these technologies, 27
are provided by Japan.
• All technologies are posted on a website
and are available to the public.

Steel Mill Diagnostic Surveys• Engineers performed energy-conservation diagnostic surveys at three steel mills in China andthree steel mills in India between fiscal 2007 and 2009.
• These surveys showed that the potential CO2 emission reductions at the six steel mills total
about 6 million tons.

3. International cooperation using the World Steel Association
The decision was made in October 2007 to use the sectoral approach on a global
scale. Uniform worldwide assessment methods were established and CO2
emission data at the world’s major steel mills are being gathered and reported.
The CO2 Breakthrough Programme was started in 2003 with the goal ofdeveloping breakthrough technologies for CO2 emission reductions. Japan isparticipating in this initiative through COURSE50, an initiative to develop
innovative technologies for steelmaking processes that lower CO2 emissions.

ＪＩＳＦ

China/APP/Three Steel Mills(1) Taiyuan: JFE(2) Jinan: Nippon Steel, Kobe Steel(3) Jiangyin: Sumitomo Metal
Time: December 2007
Survey teams: 3 to 4 individuals

22

The Goals and Vision of Japan’s Steel Industry

Development of Revolutionary Technology for Steelmaking Process(COURSE50)(COURSE50：CO2 Ultimate Reduction in Steelmaking process by Innovative technology for cool Earth 50 )CO2 emissions are unavoidable when coal is used for the reduction of iron ore.
The goal is to cut total CO2 emissions by about 30% by using hydrogen to reduce iron ore andcollecting CO2 from blast furnace gas.
The first practical system is to start operating by about 2030*. All blast furnaces are to be
switched to this technology by 2050 as blast furnace facilities are updated and replaced.
*Assumes establishment of economic basis for CO2 storage infrastructure and creation of a practical unit using these processes.

Project summary
1. Total cost (Phase1, Step 1): About ¥10 billion (tentative)

2. R&D activities (technology development)a) Development of hydrogen amplification technology using
unused coke oven gas sensible heat (800ºC)b) Development of iron ore reduction technology usinghydrogenc) Collection of CO2 from blast furnace gas by using unused
exhaust heat at steel mills

NEDO Project（Phase1 Step1 2008～12)

Medium/long-term timeline

2008

09

10

11

12

About 6

20～30

20～30

20～30

20～30 (100 mn yen）

2010

2020

Phase1 Step1 Phase1 Step2(2008～12） (2013～17）

ＪＩＳＦ

2030
Phase2

2040

2 050

Practical applications, morewidespread use

2323

3. Requests Concerning Initiatives in Japan

ＪＩＳＦ

24

Requests Concerning Initiatives in Japan

Role of Japanese Steel Industry in Fighting Global Warming

The Japanese steel industry can help fight global warming by using three“eco” methods: eco processes, eco products and eco solutions.
Eco process:
The Japanese steel industry has achieved the world‟s highest energy efficiency by developing andusing major energy-conserving technologies. Since there is little potential for more emission
reductions by using existing technologies, further cuts in emissions will require the greatest
possible use of advanced technologies and the development of revolutionary technologies.
Eco product:
High-performance steel developed with manufacturers and sold in Japan and other countries cuts
CO2 emissions when finished products made of this steel are used. High-performance steel madein Japan will be vital to the production of many types of eco products in fields where Japan ishighly competitive, such as next-generation automobiles and nuclear power.
Eco solution:
The Japanese steel industry helps lower global CO2 emissions by sharing its outstanding energyconserving technologies with the steel industries of other countries and assisting in thewidespread use of these technologies. Potential CO2 emission reductions from the internationaltransfer and use of advanced Japanese energy-conserving technologies total 340 million tons
worldwide (equivalent to about 25% of Japan‟s total CO2 emissions).

This global technology sharing and utilization will be impossible without
making a broad range of industries more globally competitive and increasing
cooperation among different industries in Japan.
ＪＩＳＦ

25

Requests Concerning Initiatives in Japan

Effect of Initiatives in Japan on the Steel Industry
 The steel industry and other major industries in Japan are the most energy-efficient in theworld. There is little potential for further emission reductions. Therefore, the adoption of anemissions trading system and environmental taxes would not only prevent progress withenvironmental measures but also reduce the availability of funds for necessary capital
expenditures and technology development programs due to the resulting higher expenses.
 In particular, since steel is a carbon-intensive industry, an emissions trading system or otherenvironmental program in Japan would have a severe impact on steel companies. The result
would be an enormous impact on the ability of Japanese steel companies to compete inglobal markets. (Among the world‟s major steel producers, Japanese steelmakers alone aresubject to the effective emission restrictions of the Kyoto Protocol framework.

 This situation would make it difficult for Japanese steel companies to continue operating inJapan. Moreover, there would be an enormous impact on the global competitiveness andworkforces of companies in industries that use steel and jointly develop high-performancesteel with steelmakers. In addition, these measures would be detrimental to the fight against
global warming because of carbon leakage.

*Ordinary income per ton of crude steel produced by blast furnace and EAF steelmakers was an averageof ¥4,500 between FY1990 and FY2009. Compared with this profit, there would be huge additionalburdens resulting from the cost of ¥3,500 to ¥7,000 per ton (80% to 160%) for emission rights
associated with higher output under an emission trading system and from the cost of ¥243 to ¥654
per ton (6% to 15% of the above ordinary profit) resulting from a tax to combat global warming anda program to purchase all energy from renewable sources.
ＪＩＳＦ

26

Requests Concerning Initiatives in Japan

Impact of Kyoto Protocol on Japanese Steel Industry

Among the world’s major steelmakers, only Japanese steelmakers are
effectively required to meet CO2 emission restrictions.

The steel industry would bear an extremely large burden for carbon offsets
because steel is a carbon-intensive industry. Imposing emission restrictions
with no scientific justification would be an effective restriction on production.
 An emission rights price of 15 to 30 euros (¥2,000-¥4,000) per ton of CO2 would result in total expenses of about ¥100 billion to ¥200 billion.
 The cost of emission rights for higher production would be ¥3,500-¥7,000*, an extremely high cost in relation to the ordinary income per ton of crude
steel (average of about ¥4,500 for FY1990-FY2009) at blast furnace and EAF steelmakers.
* Unit CO2 emissions per ton of crude steel: 1.77. Cost of emission rights: 15-30 euros (1 euro = About ¥130)
アルセロール・ミッタル／ルクセンブルク
ArcelorMittal/Luxembourg(117.2mn tons/year)
One-third within EU（117.2百万㌧／年）
内EUでの生産は３分の１

11
Emission
restrictions
排出制約あり

22
33
44
55
66
77

11

No emission
restrictions
排出制約なしNipponSteel/Japan(34.7)
新日鉄／日本（34.7）
JFE/Japan
ＪＦＥ／日本(32.0)（32.0）POSCO/Korea
ＰＯＳＣＯ／韓国(30.1)（30.1）
Baoshan/China
宝鋼集団／中国(22.5)（22.5）U.S.
Steel/U.S. (21.2)
Ｕ.Ｓ.Ｓｔｅｅｌ／米国（21.2）
Nucor/U.S.
(20.3)
Ｎｕｃｏｒ／米国（20.3）

Only 7 companies had crude steel output of・2006年に7社だった粗鋼生産２千万トン以上のmore than 20mn tons in FY06. In FY09 this
鉄鋼メーカーは、中国5社インド1社の生産拡大
rose
to 11 with the addition of 5 Chinese and 1（下線）により、2009年には11社に増加。
Indian steelmaker.

アルセロール・ミッタル／ルクセンブルク
ArcelorMittal/Luxembourg(70.3mntons/year)内EUでの生産は３分の１
One-third within EU（70.3百万㌧／年）
Emission
restrictions
排出制約あり

22
33
44
55
66
77
88
99
10
10
11
11

2006年粗鋼生産実績
2006 Crude Steel Output

Noemission restrictions
排出制約なしHebei/China (40.2) （40.2）
河北集団／中国
Baoshan/China(38.9)（38.9）
宝鋼集団／中国

武鋼集団／中国
Wuhan/China (30.3)（30.3）
POSCO/Korea(29.5)ＰＯＳＣＯ／韓国（29.5）
NipponSteel/Japan（27.6）(27.6)
新日鉄／日本江蘇沙鋼集団／中国（26.4）
Jiangsu
Shagang/China (26.4)
Shandong
Steel /China (26.4)
山東鋼鉄集団／中国（26.4）
JFE/Japan(26.3)（26.3）
ＪＦＥ／日本Tata /India(24.4) Expanding
mainly in India
ＴＡＴＡ／ｲﾝﾄﾞ（21.9） 専らインドで能力拡張
AngangSteel /China (20.1)
鞍山集団／中国（20.1）

2009
Crude Steel Output
2009年粗鋼生産実績
ＪＩＳＦ

Source: JISF from Metal Bulletin27Requests Concerning Initiatives in Japan(Reference) Estimated Impact of Initiatives on the Steel Industry• The combined impact of a global warming tax and system for purchasing all energy fromrenewable sources would be about ¥36 billion to ¥97 billion for the steel industry (based on
FY2007 consumption). (Cost of global warming tax: About ¥10 billion; Cost of renewableenergy purchases: About ¥26 billion to ¥87 billion)• Compared with ordinary income per ton of crude steel produced by blast furnace and EAF
steelmakers, the impact is 6% to 15% of the total ordinary income of these steelmakers. The
impact rises to 16% to 45% for the EAF steel industry.
(yen/ton of crude steel)Blast furnace/EAF Total
Cost
Global warming tax (1) *1(EAF sector only)

Pct. of ordinary income

Cost

Pct. of ordinary income

70

2%

112

3%

Renewable energy purchases (2) *2

173 - 584

4 - 13%470 - 1,584

13 - 42%

Renewable energy purchases (2)‟ *3

124 -1683 - 4%

336 - 456

9 - 12%(1) + (2)243 - 654

6 -15%

582 - 1,696

16 - 45%

Ordinary income

4,500

3,800

*1 The global warming tax is calculated by using the additional tax rate for fuel categories that are included in the FY2011 Tax Reform Plan Outline approvedby the Japanese Cabinet on December 16.
*2 Renewable energy purchasing program (2) (option 4) includes the cost of power system stabilization measures. (Based on intermediate summary
announced July 23, 2010 by Ministry of Economy, Trade and Industry.) (Amounts are per ton of crude steel. Cost is based on FY2007 energy consumption.
Ordinary income is average for FY1990-FY2009.)*3 Renewable energy purchasing program (2) (option 4) does not include the cost of power system stabilization measures. (1) + (2): Cost of ¥194-¥238 forblast furnace and EAF combined vs. ordinary income 5%-6%; EAF sector only: Cost of ¥448-¥568 vs. ordinary income 12%-15%28

Requests Concerning Initiatives in Japan

Requests Concerning Initiatives in Japan
Achieve “equal footing” on a global scale• A shrinking domestic market due to an aging population, regulatory and tax systems that increase expenses
more than in other countries, the yen‟s current strength and other factors will make it difficult for Japan‟s
industries to retain their competitive edge in global markets.
• Industries in Japan have the world‟s highest energy efficiency. As a result, restricting industrial activity inJapan and forcing unfair expenses on Japanese companies would be harmful to Japan as well as the entire
world. This is why Japan must achieve an international “equal footing” that eliminates differences incorporate tax rates and ensures that Japan is not at a disadvantage regarding measures to fight global
warming.
The need for initiatives that support Japan’s position as a leader in manufacturing and technology• Industries in Japan have three roles regarding global warming: (1) Use advanced technologies to the fullest
extent to achieve more improvements in efficiency; (2) Transfer outstanding products and technologies toother countries and take steps to increase their use; and (3) Develop revolutionary technologies.
• Emission trading systems do not contribute to the improvement or development of technologies.
Furthermore, the purchase of emission rights is treated as a reduction in emissions. This is why emission
trading makes no contribution to cutting actual emissions and is also an impediment to making
improvements to technologies. For these reasons, as a country that is dependent on manufacturing andadvanced technologies, Japan should not start using an emission trading system.
• The Japanese government must not impose unfair expenses and regulations on companies. Instead, thegovernment should enact policies that help companies develop outstanding products and technologies tofight global warming. Enacting such policies is the only way to create a driving force for economic growthand jobs while at the same time contributing to the worldwide fight against global warming.

ＪＩＳＦ

29

Reference Materials
CO2 Emission Reduction from Blast Furnace Slag Used in Cement
Initiatives - Households, Offices, Transportations

ＪＩＳＦ

30

Reference

CO2 Emission Reduction from Blast Furnace Slag Used in Cement• Plan for reaching Kyoto Protocol targets assumes a higher pct. of mixed cement (mainly
blast furnace cement) = From 22.8% in ‟09 to 24.8% in ‟10• Higher pct. of mixed cement production can significantly cut CO2 emissions• Blast furnace cement was designated in 2001 as a specified
procurement item under Japan‟s Green Procurement Law.
• National and other green procurement programs along withgreen procurement efforts of local governments and agencies
can significantly cut CO2 emissions by further increasing use of
blast furnace cement.
Estimate of CO2 Emission Reduction from Use of Blast Furnace Cement (Domestic + Exports)(10,000
tons2 ）of CO2)
（万t-CO

1,000
441 464 472 465
381
454
900
283 271
165 191800
700
53600 47
Export
輸出
500
Domestic
国内
400
555
550
523
525
300
464
503
483
456 439 421 388
465
200
100
0 1990 1995 2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 （年度）
(FY)

Assumptions for emission reduction contribution
Conversion to volume of cement: 450kg of slag/ Ton of cement
CO2 emission reduction: 312kg of CO2/Ton of cement

ＪＩＳＦ

Production ratio of mixed cement
Planfor reaching
京都議定書
Kyoto
Protocol target
目標達成計画

Production
ratio (%)
生産比率（％）

30
25

21.8

20
20.8 20.8

15

22.8
21.6

24.8

要2ﾎﾟｲﾝﾄNeedanotherＵＰ
2 point
up

10
5
0
1970

1990

年度
2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 (FY)

Replacing conventional cement (Portland
cement), which generates CO2 during thefiring of raw materials, with slag cement,
which does not generate CO2 during
production, reduced CO2 emissions by
842tons/year (FY2009).
• Japan: Annual reduction of 3.88mn tons of CO2• Exports: Annual reduction of 4.54mn tons of CO2

31

Reference

Initiatives by Households• In FY2005, Japan‟s steelmakers started energy conservation programs using environmental ledgers forhouseholds.
• Steelmakers started education programs that included all employees, including at group companies,
promotion of use of household environmental ledgers, and other actions. There were 20,000
households participating in this program in FY2008.
Household CO2 Emissions

Households Using Environmental Ledgers(CO2 emissions per individual: kg of CO2/person-year)

ガソリン

2,500
21,493

21,59720,000

2,158

2,077

599

953

1,102

Gasoline

1,124

1,056

Electricity

Steelmakers
鉄鋼業(FY2008)（2008年度）

Steelmakers
鉄鋼業(FY2009)（2009年度）

2,000
1,500

10,000

電力等

1,964

1,000
5,769

1,365
500

250

-

0

2006年度FY2006

2007年度FY2007

2008年度FY2008

2009年度FY2009TOTAL
全国計(FY2008)(2008年度)

Source: Estimates based on Greenhouse Gas Inventory Office materials（出所）温室効果ガスインベントリオフィス（GIO）資料より推計。
（注）１．全国計は、家庭部門と運輸部門の自家用乗用車の合計。
Notes:
2. households
鉄鋼業計は、国のインベントリーを参考にした鉄連独自集計。
1.Total for Japanese
includes households and household use of automobiles.
2. Total for steel industry households is an estimate by JISF based on the inventory in Japan

ＪＩＳＦ

32

Reference

Initiatives for Office Buildings• The Japanese steel industry announced a target for office buildings: reducing average CO2 emissions by
5% based on the average for FY03-FY05 and for FY08-FY12. All steelmakers are taking actions aimed atachieving this goal.

Office CO2 emissions and energy consumption in FY2009 were both
below the reference year.
Energy Consumption

CO2 Emissions(thousand tons of CO2)

(TJ)

35.0

700.0

30.0

29.5

607.3

600.0
23.5

25.0

643.4

500.0

20.0

400.0

15.0

300.0

10.0

200.0

5.0

100.0
0.0

0.0
基準年
Reference
Year

Reference
基準年 Year

2009年度FY2009FY20092009年度Note: Data for 297 business sites of 73 companies. In principle, FY03-FY05 average is used,
but FY04-FY05 average is used in cases where office data was difficult to obtain

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Reference

Initiatives for Transportation• CO2 emissions per unit of cargo transport increased marginally in FY2009 compared with FY2008
reflecting lower cargo volume amid economic sluggishness. However the figure is lower than FY2005 theyear government started record keeping.
• In FY2009, the steel industry modal shift (ships + rail) was 80% for primary transportation and 97% forcargo transported more than 500km. This is far higher than the average modal shift rate of 38.1% for allindustries in Japan (Ministry of Land, Infrastructure and Transport FY05 data for more than 500km).
• Steelmakers are taking other actions too, such as improving cargo transport efficiency by using a higher
pct. of cargo space on ships, using eco-tires on trucks and using eco-friendly driving methods.

CO2 Emissions per Unit of Cargo Transport(kg of CO2/thousand tons-km)
70

65

60
51

53

50
40
30
20
10
0

FY2005
2005年度FY2008
2008年度FY20092009年度Note: Total CO2 emissions from use of gasoline, light oil and heavy oil at the 43 companies surveyed divided by total ton-kilometers of cargo transported

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