第12 代名詞

思考力を鍛えよう！

分類・比較・関連・配列・因果 / 関連・配列・因果章

思考力 を 鍛えよう!

読解問題

分類

比較関連

配列

矛盾

置換

手順

因果

具体

抽象

構造

定義

１０分

家族で海外旅行の行き先を話し合うとき，観光スポット，食べ物，ホテル，気候，治安，費用など複数の条件を比較し，結論をしぼり込んでいきます。このような場面は，英語，日本語を問わず私たちの日常生活の中で多くあります。この章では，海外の友人のリクエストに応じて最適な（比較・対照）の発展問題です。
部屋を提案する練習をします。第８章で学んだ Compare & Contrast

カナダの友人の Tom が日本の大学に通うために，来月日本にやって来ます。Tom からのメールには一人暮らしを希望していること，どのような部屋に住みたいかといったことが書かれていました。
44444

44

次の英文はそのメールの一部です。彼の希望を可能な限り多く実現する部屋は下の A 〜 D のどれですか。英文を読み，表や図を見て選びなさい。部屋に対する希望に優先順位はありません。また，あなたが Tom に確認しておいたほうがよいと考える条件は何ですか。あれば日本語で１つ答えなさい。

I’m looking for an apartment for about ¥70,000.
I’m interested in Japanese culture, so if it is possible, I’d prefer a Japanese-style room.
I like cooking very much, so I need a kitchen. I’d like to have a pet. I love dogs!
I’d like to live in a sunny room. I hope there is a convenience store nearby.
I’d like a room convenient for going to college.

5I don’t ＊care whether it is large or small.
RoomA〔注〕 care whether A or B：A か B か気にするBCDFloor

7th

5th

4th

2ndRent¥85,000¥70,000¥65,000¥50,000

Air-conditioner

○×○×

Style

Western

Western

WesternJapanese

40 minutes

45 minutes

35 minutes

1 hourTime to college
Convenience store

10 minutes’ walk 3 minutes’ walk 20 minutes’ walk 25 minutes’ walk
○PetA 48m2

bathroom
kitchen sink○××

B 36m2
closetbalcony

entrance

hallwindowbalcony

kitchen sinkwindowentrancebathroom

C 29m window

2

entrance
toiletentrance〔〕

window

D 25m 2

kitchen sinkwindowbalcony

確認しておいたほうがよいと考える条件 （closetkitchen sinkwindowcloset）

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読解問題１10分/10

次の英文は，北海道の学校で学んでいる留学生のシンディ（Cindy）が，アメリカの友だちに送った手紙の一部です。これを読んで，あとの問いに答えなさい。

I arrived in Hokkaido two weeks ago. My school in Japan is wonderful! I read somebooks about Japan before I came here, but many things about Japanese school life are
new to me.
One example happened on my first day. Something interesting happened at lunch
5time. After the fourth class finished, suddenly my classmates put their ＊lunch boxes on
their desks and began to eat lunch! I couldn’t believe it. So I asked my friend, Shiori,“Aren’t your desks for studying?”

She answered, “ Of course they are.
①

them when we eat lunch, too.”Something else happened after school that day.
10＊

Lastly, we have ourBut we use②＊

school trip for five days next month.

You may also beinterested in this because our school in America doesn’t have such a long trip. I’m very
happy because I will go to Kyoto. I can see the old Japanese city with my own eyes.
〔注〕 lunch box：弁当箱⑴

lastly：最後にschool trip：修学旅行

下線部①で詩織（Shiori）が言っていることとして適するものを，次のア〜エから 1 つ選び，記号で答えなさい。

（ 2 点）

ア

机は勉強をするためのものだということ。

イ

同級生は質問に驚いたということ。

ウ

机は食事をするためのものだということ。

エ

同級生は勉強中だということ。 〔⑵〕次の A〜D の英文は， ② から抜き出したものです。文脈に合うように並べかえるとき，適する順をア〜エから 1 つ選び，記号で答えなさい。 配列＊（ 3 点）〔注〕 cleaning staff：清掃を行う職員

A

They don’t have cleaning staff.

B

After we finished our last class, some students started to clean the classroom.

CBut after cleaning with them, I felt good.

D

That was also surprising.

ア

A→D→C→Bイ

B→D→A→Cウ

B→C→D→Aエ

A→C→B→D⑶

次の各文で，本文の内容と合うものには○，合わないものには×を書きなさい。

〔〕（ 1 点× 3 ）ⓐWhen Cindy came to Japan, she didn’t know anything about Japan.

〔〕ⓑ

Cindy thinks that eating lunch in the classroom is very good.

〔〕ⓒ

Cindy is looking forward to a school trip with her classmates.

〔〕⑷

次の問いに対して，あなた自身の立場で理由を含めた 1 文の英語で答えなさい。

（ 2 点）

Which do you like better, eating lunch in the classroom or eating lunch outside?
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読解問題２10分/10

次の英文を読んで，あとの問いに答えなさい。

Dear Satoshi,Hello. How are you?
My family and I arrived in ＊Montreal three days ago. 【ア】 We are staying at myuncle’s house here. He and his ＊Canadian wife are very kind. She is good at cooking
5and we enjoy Canadian food at their home every day.
My uncle showed us many interesting things about this country. （ ① ）, we visited
Quebec City yesterday. 【イ】 We did some sightseeing there. Actually, Quebec City＊

wasn’t a big city, so we could walk around the town in only one day. It is famous for its
walls and a lot of old buildings like ＊medieval European ones. 【ウ】 Many of them are
10＊

historically important.
We are going to stay in Montreal for about a week but I want to stay longer. 【エ】（②）, do you know that most people here speak two languages? One is English, andthe other is French. （ ③ ）, they can understand English, but they usually speakFrench. I see many French words in the street, too, so I④.

＊

With this letter, I am sending some pictures and souvenirs. I hope you like them.

15

Your friend,Linda〔注〕 Montreal：モントリオール

Canadian：カナダ（人）のmedieval European：中世ヨーロッパの⑴

Quebec City：ケベックシティ

historically：歴史的にsouvenir：おみやげ

次の英文は
【ア】
〜
【エ】
のどの位置に入れるとよいか，記号で答えなさい。 関連（ 2 点）〔

It took about three hours to get there by bus from Montreal.
⑵①〜③の（ア）に適するものを，次のア〜エから 1 つずつ選び，記号で答えなさい。 （ 1 点× 3 ）イ By the way

Of course

ウエ

However① 〔⑶〕For example

② 〔〕

③ 〔

④ に適するものを，次のア〜エから 1 つ選び，記号で答えなさい。 因果like to talk with people in French

イウ

don’t have to speak French

エ plan to practice some French 〔

本文の内容と合うように，次の文の〕（ 2 点）

ア⑷〕can’t use English in Montrealに適する語を書きなさい。

ⓐLinda’sⓑ

Linda and her family went sightseeing with herⓒMost people in Montreal usually speak

cooks Canadian〕（ 1 点× 3 ）for Linda and her family.
.
though they can understand.
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第19 仮定法

思考力を鍛えよう！

関連・因果・抽象 / 分類・関連・置換・因果章

思考力 を 鍛えよう!

分類

読解問題

比較関連

矛盾配列

置換手順

因果具体

抽象構造

定義

5分

発言には意図があります。意図を直接述べている発言もあれば，意図を間接的に伝えている発言もあります。今回の練習問題では発言からその意図を推測する能力を鍛えていきましょう。

次のそれぞれの発言が合うシーンを，Scene 1〜3 から 1 つずつ選び，番号で答えなさい。
⑴

Scene 〔“I wish I were a gorilla!!”〕Scene 1
John is a member of a swimming club. He is going to take part in a swimming
meet next month. However, he broke his leg in P.E. class. John shouted, “I wish

I were a gorilla!!”Scene 2
Emma was cleaning her grandfather’s garage. She found a large old toolbox. It
sounded ＊like the box had a lot of coins in it. It was not locked, but it was tootight to open the lid. Emma said, “I wish I were a gorilla!!”〔注〕 like：
（〜が）
…のように

Scene 3
Oliver wants to be a zookeeper. He has read as many books as he can to learn
about animals. He found a book about a monkey, but it was too expensive forhim. Oliver said, “I wish I were a gorilla!!”⑵“I wish I were a dictionary!!”

Scene 〔〕Scene 1
Lucas is going to take a math exam next week. He really wants to get a goodscore, and he is studying hard. Lucas said, “I wish I were a dictionary!!”
Scene 2
Benjamin is learning Japanese. He wants to talk with Japanese friends, but he is
too shy to talk to them. Benjamin said to himself, “I wish I were a dictionary!!”
Scene 3
Luna is a member of a newspaper club. She admires a certain journalist. He
uses a variety of words to describe situations ＊accurately. She wants to write aschool newspaper like him, but she doesn’t know enough words to do so. Lunasaid, “I wish I were a dictionary!!”〔注〕 accurately：正確に570001-0064̲1̲22̲ENGLISH DISCOVER̲2.indd 57

2022/09/01 9:28

読解問題１15分/10

次の英文を読んで，あとの問いに答えなさい。

There are more than 2,000 ＊wind turbines in Japan, and most of them are built in themountains or close to the sea in ＊rural areas.

However, you can find one near an＊

urban area in Yokohama City. The wind turbine is called Hama Wing, and started towork in the spring of 2007.
5①Like other wind turbines, Hama Wing produces＊electricity, and this amount can support about 500 ＊households. The electricity is soldto an ＊electricity provider and is used for people’s daily lives. In fact, the electricity isused in some places in Yokohama. Hama Wing also has a role in ＊prompting people
who see the wind turbine to take ＊eco-friendly actions.
＊Wind power is a popular eco-friendly way of producing electricity. Wind turbines get

10energy from the wind and produce electricity. In the ＊process, wind energy is changed
into other ＊mechanical energy.

＊Pollutants or ＊greenhouse gases are not ＊released, sowind power is good for the environment. Wind power is also ＊renewable because thewind is always blowing. If there is wind, wind turbines can produce electricity even atnight. Those are strong points of wind power. However, there are some ＊weak points.
15

For example, the amount of electricity wind turbines can produce changes with theweather. When it’s not windy, we cannot get enough electricity.
＊＊＊

It is said that wind＊turbines need a yearly average wind speed of over 6 m/s to work effectively. So, goodplaces to build wind turbines are very limited.
In fact, around Hama Wing, the yearly average wind speed is about（ ② ）m/s. If
20

the wind were stronger, it could work effectively.

However, because of its location,

Hama Wing gives people living in the town a good chance to think about environmentalproblems.
〔注〕 wind turbine：風力発電の風車，設備

electricity：電気

household：世帯

rural area：田舎

electricity provider：電気事業者

prompt A to 〜：A が〜するきっかけとなる
wind power：風力process：工程

greenhouse gas：温室効果ガス
weak：弱い

eco-friendly：環境にやさしい

mechanical：力学的release：放出する，排出する

it is said that 〜：〜と言われている〜 m/s：秒速〜メートル

urban area：市街地

pollutant：汚染物質
renewable：再生可能な

yearly average：年間平均のeffectively：効率よく

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⑴① に 1 文加えるとき，不自然だと考えられる文を次のア〜エから 1 つ選び，記号で答えなさい。
関連（ 2 点）因果ア

Actually, in many foreign countries, wind turbines are also in cities.

イThe ＊facility was built to help people in their daily lives and make people eco-friendly.
ウSome people think it doesn’t work well because it is in a city, but the idea iswrong.

エ

Of course, the wind from the sea in Yokohama is used for Hama Wing.
〔〔注〕 facility：施設⑵

風力発電の仕組みを次のように模式的に表すとき，に適する語を本文中から抜き出して書きなさい。

（ 2 点）

wind energy →⑶〕→ electricity

次の 2 つの国では，風力発電を導入すべきだと考えました。それぞれの根拠となりうる情報が含まれる 1 文を本文中から探し，下線を引きなさい。 置換（ 1 点× 2 ）分類

国 A：環境問題解決の手段の 1 つとして導入したい。
こ かつ

国 B：これまで火力発電に依存していたが，天然資源はいずれ枯渇するものであるとわかった。そのため，将来を見すえて発電方法を変えたい。
⑷ （②）に入る数字として適するものを次のア〜エから 1 つ選び，記号で答えなさい。 （ 2 点）ア5イ⑸8ウ10エ15

本文の内容と合うように，次の文のえること。

The〔〕に適する語を書きなさい。ただし，wind 以外の語を答（ 2 点）

inf luences the amount of electricity produced by wind turbines.

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