20. Sep. 2019 @ JPS in Yamagataw/

PRD 100, no. 2, 023537 (2019)

Carr & Hawking 1974
(4π −31MPBH ∼ MH =
ρH =32GHtPBH
33M
≃
2×10g
∼ M⊙
⊙
( 10−5 s )
kPBH
∼ M⊙
( 4 pc−1 )−2H-1

PBH tower in multi-phase inflation−5MPl ≃ 2 × 10

Yuichiro Tada

15g ≲ MPBH ≲ 10 M⊙

2 /16

Carr & Hawking 1974
(4π −31MPBH ∼ MH =
ρH =32GHtPBH
33M
≃
2×10g
∼ M⊙
⊙( 10−5 s )
kPBH
∼ M⊙
( 4 pc−1 )−2-1 15HMPl ≃ 2 × 10 g ≲ MPBH ≲ 10 M⊙−5δ > δth ≃ 0.4

Musco, Miller, Rezolla 2005, …
Harada, Yoo, Kohri 2013

9cf. ℛth ≃ δth ≃ 1()
4

ΩPBH ρPBH /ρR |f MPBH∼
ΩDM
7 × 10−16 ( 1020 g )−1/2〜 10σ rarityℛth−2𝒫ℛ(kPBH) ∼≃ 10( 10 )2−9cf.
𝒫(k)≃2×10()ℛ CMB

PBH tower in multi-phase inflation

Yuichiro Tada

3 /16

all DMs
151010101WD10WBPTKeplerFemto

101510mLQ

EROS/MACHO

210ΩPBH /ΩDMMPBH /M⊙
55101 R-X 10EridanusII

HSCEGγ410CMBLSSXrayDF

610810μ-dist

1510Hawking evaporated

2010102530351010MPBH [g]PBH tower in multi-phase inflation

1040104550- Gravitational Lensing- Dynamical Friction- Accretion γ- Prim. PTB- Hawking γ

10Yuichiro Tada

4 /16

all DMs
151010101WD10WBPT

Kepler

Femto

10EGγ

410mLQ

CMBDF

610810μ-dist

1510Hawking evaporated

2010102530351010MPBH [g]PBH tower in multi-phase inflation

1040m1 /M

m2 /M

GW150914 35.6+4.8
3.0

30.6+3.0
4.4

28.6+1.6
1.5

0.01+0.12
0.13+4.1
GW151012 23.3+14.0
13.6
4.8
5.5

15.2+2.0
1.1

0.04+0.28
0.19

GW151226 13.7+8.8
3.2

7.7+2.2
2.6

8.9+0.3
0.3

0.18+0.20
0.12

GW170104 31.0+7.2
5.6

20.1+4.9
4.5

21.5+2.1
1.7

0.04+0.17
0.20

GW170608 10.9+5.3
1.7

7.6+1.3
2.1

7.9+0.2
0.2

0.03+0.19
0.07

+9.1
GW170729 50.6+16.6
34.310.2
10.1

35.7+6.5
4.7

0.36+0.21
0.25

GW170809 35.2+8.3
6.0

23.8+5.2
5.1

25.0+2.1
1.6

0.07+0.16
0.16

GW170814 30.7+5.7
3.0

25.3+2.9
4.1

24.2+1.4
1.1

0.07+0.12
0.11

EventLSS

Xray

BH

410LIGO GWEridanusII

HSC

BB
15EROS/MACHO

210

ΩPBH /ΩDM

MPBH /M⊙
5510
1 R-X 101045

M/M

e↵

+0.09
+0.001
GW170817 1.46+0.12
1.27
1.186
0.001
0.10
0.09

0.00+0.02
0.01

GW170818 35.5+7.5
4.7

26.8+4.3
5.226.7+2.1
1.7

0.09+0.18
0.21+6.3
GW170823 39.6+10.0
29.4
7.1
6.6

29.3+4.2
3.2

0.08+0.20
0.225010

Yuichiro Tada

LIGO/Virgo 2018
5 /16

1WDKeplerFemto

ΩPBH /ΩDM

10mLQ

OGLE data(2622 events)

OGLE EROS/MACHO

210

LIGO GWEridanusII

HSC
EGγ

41010

WB

PT

5-yr Optical Gravitational Lensing Experiment (OGLE)
15
Niikura+ 201910
Number of events per bin

all DMs
15101010

MPBH /M⊙
5510
1 R-X 10CMBLSSXrayDF

610810Galactic bulge/disk modelsMS102BD

101

WD

100
10−1μ-dist

1510Hawking evaporated

2010102530351010
MPBH [g]PBH tower in multi-phase inflation

104010455010Yuichiro Tada

NS100101102

ML LC timescale: tE [days]

7 /16

1WDKeplerFemto

ΩPBH /ΩDM

10mLQ

OGLE data(2622 events)

OGLE EROS/MACHO

210( GWEridanusII
LIGO

HSC
EGγ

41010WBPT

5-yr Optical Gravitational Lensing Experiment (OGLE)
15Niikura+ 201910
Number of events per bin

all DMs
15101010MPBH /M⊙
5510
1 R-X 10CMBLSSXrayDF610810

Galactic bulge/disk models

MS102-101BDWD

10010−1μ-dist

1510Hawking evaporated

2010102530351010MPBH [g]PBH tower in multi-phase inflation

104010455010Yuichiro Tada

NS100101102

ML LC timescale: tE [days]

8 /16

201010110MPBH /M⊙-1011010-20

PBH non-detection-2

10GWOGLE

PR ~ 10-2

DM-4

𝒫R

10!-dist
Chluba et al. 2012

-610(nS - 1, α) ~ O(ε)

CMB+LSS-810Nicholson et al. 2010
Bird et al. 2011
Bringmann et al. 2012

1PR ~ 10-951010-1
k [Mpc ]10PBH tower in multi-phase inflation

1510Yuichiro Tada

9 /16

201010110MPBH /M⊙-1011010-20

PBH non-detection

PR ~ 10-2-2

10-4

𝒫R

10!-dist-6

10

CMB+LSS-8

10

Nicholson et al. 2010
Bird et al. 2011
Bringmann et al. 2012

2Chluba et al. 2012
Kawasaki, Kusenko, YT, Yanagida 2016
Inomata, Kawasaki, Mukaida, YT, Yanagida 2017×3

1
PR ~ 10-951010-1
k [Mpc ]10PBH tower in multi-phase inflation

1510Yuichiro Tada

10 /16hilltop inflation
Vhill =210𝒫ℛ

4104∑BBN

i= 1Vhill,i+μ-dist.

Vstab =

610810cij∑ 2i≠jVhill,ii
φ i+1

10104101068101010-1k [Mpc ]PBH tower in multi-phase inflation

12101410

YT & Yokoyama 2019

Yuichiro Tada

V hill,i(i+1)

11 /16

2ϕj2MPlM/M
PBH⊙main DM
15105101010Kepler

OGLE

Hawking

HSC

LIGO GWCMBΩPBH /ΩDMD
EROS/MACHO

210410UFWD

1161081010152010PBH tower in multi-phase inflation

25301010
MPBH [g]Yuichiro Tada

3510YT, Yokoyama 201912 /16

-110-331010k [Mpc ]9121010615101810

KAGRA

SKAPTA

610aLIGO

LIS

1210GWBBOGLE

15101210

IGO

ADEC𝒫
ℛ
2−9ΩGWh ∼ 10( 10−2 )

2

ΩGW h

2

ISAeL

P

910ET

DM

910610O

310f [Hz]PBH tower in multi-phase inflation

Yuichiro Tada

1103YT, Yokoyama 201913 /16

dS swampland conjecture「UVϵV =Ooguri & Vafa+ 2018

EFTdSV′≳ 𝒪(1) or2 (V)
22MPl

V′′2
ηV = MPl≲ − 𝒪(1)V4-H60 e-folds- CMB scale?
:−0.035 ≃Planck 2018

:d log 𝒫ζd log kPBH tower in multi-phase inflation(kCMB) = nS − 1 ≃ − 6ϵV + 2ηVYuichiro Tada

14 /16

dS swampland conjecture「UVOoguri & Vafa+ 2018

EFTϵV =dSV′≳ 𝒪(1) or2 (V)

2MPl

2V′′2
ηV = MPl≲ − 𝒪(1)V4H(kCMB) = nS − 1 ≃ − 2ϵV +22 mσ
3 H2-60 e-folds- CMB scale?
Kogai, YT, Yokoyama in prep.

−0.035 ≃Planck 2018d log 𝒫ζd log k

PBH tower in multi-phase inflation

Yuichiro Tada

15 /16PBH() dS swampland conjecture)

CMB

PBH tower in multi-phase inflation

4

Yuichiro Tada

16 /16