ISSN 2187-0462

ᇹɟ߻ಅ‫ܖٻ‬ᄂᆮ‫إ‬ԓ
RESEARCH REPORTᇹ 30 ӭ
Ტ2018 ࠰ᲭஉᲣᇹ ɟ ߻ ಅ ‫ܖ ٻ‬
Daiichi Institute of Technology┠     ḟ➨㸯㒊 ᕤᏛ⣔㰺⸨  Ꮥ࣭୰ᮧ ಟ἞ Ᏹᐂኴ㝧ගⓎ㟁ࢩࢫࢸ࣒ࡢᴫせ㸦➨㸱ሗ㸧͐͐͐͐͐͐͐͐͐͐͐͐͐͐͐͐͐͐͐͐͐͐
బࠎᮌㅬ἞࣭୕ཎⲮ୍㑻1ᒣ ⏣ ⊛ ▮ ⾜ືⓗ≉ᚩࢆ⏝࠸ࡓ⥅⥆ㄆド࢔ࣝࢦࣜࢬ࣒ '370 ࡢ᭷⏝ᛶ㹼࣮࢟᧯స࣭࣐࢘ࢫ᧯స࡟ࡼࡿ᳨ド㹼  ͐15

௬ ᒇ Ꮥ ஧ ⮬ື㌴᳨ᰝไᗘࡢᙺ๭࡜⌧≧ ͐͐͐͐͐͐͐͐͐͐͐͐͐͐͐͐͐͐͐͐͐͐͐͐͐͐͐͐

21

኱ ᝴ ඞ ಇ ᣺ື࡟ࡼࡾ㡢※᪉ྥࢆ࿊♧ࡍࡿ⫈ぬ⿵ຓࢩࢫࢸ࣒࡟㛵ࡍࡿ◊✲ ͐͐͐͐͐͐͐͐͐͐͐͐͐

29Ṋ ⏣ 㝯 ᏹ ㊊ᗏᅽຊศᕸࡢᶆ‽ศᕸ࡟ᇶ࡙ࡃ೺ᗣ≧ែホ౯ᡭἲࡢ㛤Ⓨ ͐͐͐͐͐͐͐͐͐͐͐͐͐͐͐

33⏣୰ 㱟ඣ࣭እᒣ  Ἠ
 UAV ࡟ࡼࡿ෗┿ 㔞ᢏ⾡ࡢ⢭ᗘ᳨ド͐͐͐͐͐͐͐͐͐͐͐͐͐͐͐͐͐͐͐͐͐͐͐͐㛗ᒣ ᫛ኵ 39⩚ 㔝   ᬡ ᆅᇦ㑇⏘ࢆά⏝ࡋࡓᑡᏊ㧗㱋໬♫఍ࡢᆅᇦάື࡜ᆅᇦᩍ⫱ ͐͐͐͐͐͐͐͐͐͐͐͐͐͐͐

45⩚ 㔝   ᬡ ᪧᒣ⏣ᶫࡢゎయ࡟క࠺㊧ᆅ✵㛫ࡢࢹࢨ࢖ࣥ㹼ᅵᮌ㑇⏘ࡢ෌฼⏝࡟㛵ࡍࡿヨࡳ㹼 ͐͐͐͐͐͐

55

Ἑ ཎ ὒ Ꮚ ᅜศࡢ㒓ᅵྐᩱ࣭ᅧᗓ᪂ᇛ⦖ᘬᖒ࡟ࡘ࠸࡚㸫ᇛᒣබᅬ࡟࠾ࡅࡿ⦖ᘬࡢ෌⌧㸫 ͐͐͐͐͐͐͐

59఩ ⏣ 㐩 ဢ఩ ⏣ ᖾ ᏊᏛಟ≉ᛶ࡟ྜࢃࡏࡓᘓ⠏ᮦᩱ᪋ᕤᩍ⫱ࡢヨࡳ ➨㸰ሗ ᚰࡢ᝟ሗฎ⌮ഴྥ࡟ྜࢃࡏࡓᩍ⫱ࡢᐇ㊶౛  ͐67

ୖ 㔝   ோ ᅽ㟁ࢭࣥࢧ࡟ࡼࡾᚓࡽࢀࡿ⏕యಙྕࡢ≉ᚩศᯒ᪉ᘧ࡟㛵ࡍࡿ୍⪃ᐹ ͐͐͐͐͐͐͐͐͐͐͐

71

ᘓ ᐑ   ດ ᇶ┙࢚ࢿࣝࢠ࣮⮬⏤໬ࡀ㐍ࡴ᪥ᮏ࡟࠾ࡅࡿ࢚ࢿࣝࢠ࣮㈍኎௦⌮ᗑࣅࢪࢿࢫࡢྍ⬟ᛶ࡟㛵ࡍࡿ୍⪃ᐹ  ͐77

⾰ ᕝ ຌ ୍ እᅜே␃Ꮫ⏕ࡢᑵ⫋஦᝟ࡢ⌧≧࡜ㄢ㢟㹼ᑵ⫋ᨭ᥼άື࠿ࡽぢࡓᐇ㊶ⓗ◊✲㹼͐͐͐͐͐͐͐

85

ᒾ ᶫ ἲ 㞝 ࢖ࢠࣜࢫ࡟࠾ࡅࡿ⫋ᴗᩍ⫱࡜㈨᱁ไᗘᨵ㠉 ͐͐͐͐͐͐͐͐͐͐͐͐͐͐͐͐͐͐͐͐͐͐

93ᚫ Ọ ༤ ோ ᩍ⫱ᐇ⩦࡜㛵㐃⛉┠ࡢᣦᑟ࡟㛵ࡍࡿ⪃ᐹ㸫ᐇ⩦᪥ㄅ࡜ホ౯⾲࡜ࡢẚ㍑࣭ศᯒ㸫 ͐͐͐͐͐͐

107➉ ୗ ಇ ୍ ࢔ࢡࢸ࢕ࣈ࣭࣮ࣛࢽࣥࢢᑟධࡢᢪ࠼ࡿၥ㢟㹼ࢪ࢙ࢿࣜࢵࢡࢫ࢟ࣝࡢどⅬ࠿ࡽ㹼 ͐͐͐͐͐͐

115$VKOH\10+\DWW  ᮏᏛ࡟࠾ࡅࡿᩍ⫱◊✲άື࡜♫఍ⓗάືࡢᢪ㈇㸸ⱥㄒᩍ⫱࡟࠾ࡅࡿ௙⤌ࡳ࡜⌮ᛕ ͐͐͐͐͐

125

ᖹᡂ 29 ᖺᗘ࡟࠾࠸࡚Ꮫእ࡟Ⓨ⾲ࡉࢀࡓㄽᩥཬࡧㅮ₇ ͐͐͐͐͐͐͐͐͐͐͐͐͐͐͐͐͐͐͐͐͐͐͐͐͐͐͐͐

133➨  㒊 ඹ㏻ᩍ⫱⣔CONTENTS
VGXZ燦+TMOTKKXOTMY_YZKSTakashi SAITO, Shuji NAKAMURA, Kenji SASAKI, Sho-ichiro MIHARA㸸Brief Overview of Space Solar Power
Systems(3) ͐͐͐͐͐͐͐͐͐͐͐͐͐͐͐͐͐͐͐͐͐͐͐͐͐͐͐͐͐͐͐͐͐͐͐͐͐͐͐͐͐͐͐͐͐͐͐

1

Takeshi YAMADA㸸Usefulness of Continuous Authentication Algorithm DPTM Using Behavioral Features: Validation
by Keystroke and Mouse Dynamics ͐͐͐͐͐͐͐͐͐͐͐͐͐͐͐͐͐͐͐͐͐͐͐͐͐͐͐͐͐͐͐͐͐͐͐͐ 15
Kohji KARIYA㸸The role and status of the automobile inspection system ͐͐͐͐͐͐͐͐͐͐͐͐͐͐͐͐͐͐͐ 21
Katsutoshi OE㸸Hearing assistant system with function of sound source direction presentation by vibration ͐͐ 29
Takahiro TAKEDA㸸Development of Gait Evaluation Method based on Normalized Foot Sole Pressure
Distribution ͐͐͐͐͐͐͐͐͐͐͐͐͐͐͐͐͐͐͐͐͐͐͐͐͐͐͐͐͐͐͐͐͐͐͐͐͐͐͐͐͐͐͐͐͐͐ 33
Ryoji TANAKA, Izumi TOYAMA, Akio NAGAYAMA㸸ACCURACY ASSESSMENT OF TOPOGRAPHICAL SURVEY
BY USING STILL IMAGE TAKEN FROM UAV ͐͐͐͐͐͐͐͐͐͐͐͐͐͐͐͐͐͐͐͐͐͐͐͐͐͐͐͐͐͐ 39
Satoshi HANO㸸Utilization of Local Heritage for Communal Activities and Regional Education ͐͐͐͐͐͐͐͐͐ 45
Satoshi HANO㸸Landscape Design of Former Local Heritage Site for Regional Revitalization ͐͐͐͐͐͐͐͐͐͐ 55
Yoko KAWAHARA㸸The document recounting the survey of Kokubu Castle in early modern times ̿Results of re-creating
the survey described in the document in the Shiroyama Park― ͐͐͐͐͐͐͐͐͐͐͐͐͐͐͐͐͐͐͐͐͐͐͐͐ 59
Tatsuya INDEN, Sachiko INDEN㸸Efforts to Enhance the Learning Motivation of Students Triggered by Education on
Building Materials and Construction Procedure (Part 2) ͐͐͐͐͐͐͐͐͐͐͐͐͐͐͐͐͐͐͐͐͐͐͐͐͐͐͐ 67
Hitoshi UENO㸸An Analysis for Characteristics of Biosignal Abstracted from Piezoelectric Sensor ͐͐͐͐͐͐͐͐ 71
Tsutomu TATEMIYA㸸A Study of possibility of Sells agent of electric company in Japan ͐͐͐͐͐͐͐͐͐͐͐͐͐ 77
Koichi KINUGAWA㸸The current states and issues of job selection for international students ̿ A practical study onviewed from employment support activities ̿ ͐͐͐͐͐͐͐͐͐͐͐͐͐͐͐͐͐͐͐͐͐͐͐͐͐͐͐͐͐͐͐ 85

6GXZ燧)USSUTKJ[IGZOUTY_YZKSNorio IWAHASHI㸸Vocational education and Reorganization of Qualification framework in the UK ͐͐͐͐͐͐͐ 93
Hirohito TOKUNAGA㸸Consideration about the guidance of student teaching and the related subject ͐͐͐͐͐͐ 107
Syunichi TAKESHITA㸸Issues of introducing active learning : From the viewpoint of generic skills ͐͐͐͐͐͐͐͐ 115
Ashley N.M. Hyatt㸸Philosophy and Mechanics of English Education ͐͐͐͐͐͐͐͐͐͐͐͐͐͐͐͐͐͐͐͐͐ 125
 

Ᏹᐂኴ㝧ගⓎ㟁ࢩࢫࢸ࣒ࡢᴫせ㸦➨㸱ሗ㸧㰺⸨Ꮥ ࣭୰ᮧಟ἞ ࣭బࠎᮌㅬ἞ ࣭୕ཎⲮ୍㑻  ➨୍ᕤᴗ኱Ꮫ㸦ࠛ 㮵ඣᓥ┴㟝ᓥᕷᅜศ୰ኸ 㸧(PDLO WVDLWR 䠜GDLLFKLNRXGDLDFMS ୍⯡㈈ᅋἲேᏱᐂࢩࢫࢸ࣒㛤Ⓨ฼⏝᥎㐍ᶵᵓ㸦ࠛ

ᮾி㒔༊Ⱚබᅬ୕୎┠  ␒  ྕ㸧

Brief Overview of Space Solar Power Systems(3)Takashi Saito㸪Shuji Nakamura㸪Kenji Sasaki, Sho-ichiro Mihara$EVWUDFW Space Solar Power System (SSPS) is thought as an ultimate application for that
purpose in space. On the other hand, SSPS is a very huge system and uses new technologies,
therefore they are greatly concerned about the safety of SSPS and its impact to the global
environment. In this paper, some relevant topics which USEF had been studied are shown.

Key Words: space solar power, SSPS, SPS, SSP
 ࡣࡌࡵ࡟

ࡼࡧ♫఍㠃ࡢᙳ㡪ㄪᰝ࡟ᙜ࡚ࡽࢀࡓ㸦ᅗ 2㸧ࠋ[5]୍⯡㈈ᅋἲேᏱᐂࢩࢫࢸ࣒㛤Ⓨ฼⏝᥎㐍ᶵᵓ

CDEP ᚋࡢ⣙ 10 ᖺ㛫ࡢ◊✲෾⤖ᮇ㛫ࡢࡢࡕࠊ㸦␎⛠㸸J-spacesystemsࠊᪧ⛠㸸㈈ᅋἲே ↓ேᏱ

1995㹼1997 ᖺ࡟ NASA ࡣࠊぢ┤ࡋࡢᴫᛕ᳨ウᐂᐇ㦂ࢩࢫࢸ࣒◊✲㛤ⓎᶵᵓࠊUSEF㸧࡛ࡣ⤒῭(Fresh Look Study)ࢆᐇ᪋ࡋࡓ㸬ࡑࡢᚋࡢ 1999㹼⏘ᴗ┬➼࠿ࡽࡢጤクࢆཷࡅ࡚Ᏹᐂኴ㝧ගⓎ㟁ࢩ2000 ᖺࡢඛ⾜ⓗ◊✲ཬࡧᢏ⾡㛤Ⓨࣉࣟࢢ࣒ࣛ

ࢫࢸ࣒㸦Space Solar Power System䚸SSPS㸧࡟㛵

SERT㐃ࡍࡿㄪᰝ◊✲ࢆ⾜ࡗ࡚ࡁࡓ[1] [2] [3] [4]ࠋࡇࡇ

Technology)ࡢ୰࡛ࡶᏳ඲㠃ࡢ᳨ウ࡞࡝᩿⥆ⓗ࡟࡛ࡣࠊࡑࡢ୰࠿ࡽࠊᏳ඲㠃࣭⎔ቃ㠃ࡢ᳨ウࢆ࡜ࡾᐇ᪋ࡉࢀ࡚࠸ࡿࠋ

(SSP

Exploratory

Researchand࠶ࡆ࡚⤂௓ࡍࡿࠋ ᪥ᮏ࡟࠾ࡅࡿ᳨ウ ᅜෆእࡢ᳨ウ≧ἣࢃࡀᅜ࡛ࡶࠊ⡿ᅜ Fresh Look Study ࡟ඛ❧ࡘ ⡿ᅜ࡟࠾ࡅࡿ᳨ウ1990㹼1998 ᖺ࡟ࠊISAS(Ᏹᐂ⛉Ꮫ◊✲ᡤ)࡟ࡼࡾ

SSPS ࡣ 1968 ᖺ࡟࢔࣓ࣜ࢝ࡢࣆ࣮ࢱ࣮࣭ࢢࣞࠕSPS2000 ᴫᛕ᳨ウࠖࠕኴ㝧Ⓨ㟁⾨ᫍ SPS2000

࢖ࢨ࣮༤ኈ࡟ࡼࡾึࡵ࡚ᥦၐࡉࢀࡓࡀࠊNASA ࢆࡢ◊✲ࠖࡀᐇ᪋ࡉࢀࡓࠋࡇࡢ୰࡛࣐࢖ࢡࣟἼ↷ᑕ୰ᚰ࡜ࡋࡓ SSPS ◊✲ࡣࠊᮏ᱁ⓗ࡟ࡣ 1970 ᖺ௦ࡢ᳜≀࡬ࡢᙳ㡪ࢆㄪ࡭ࡿࡓࡵࠕ࣐࢖ࢡࣟἼ࣮࢞ࢹ

ࡢ DoE(⎔ቃ┬)/NASA ࡟ࡼࡿᴫᛕタィ CDEPࣥࠖࡀᵓ᝿ࡉࢀࠊࡢࡕ࡟⏘ᴗᢏ⾡⥲ྜ◊✲ᡤ࡟ᘬ(SSP Concept Development and Evaluationࡁ⥅ࡀࢀ࡚࠸ࡿࠋ

Program)࡟ጞࡲࡿࠋࡇࡢ୰࡛ࣞࣇ࢓ࣞࣥࢫࢩࢫࢸ

1991㹼1993 ᖺ࡟ NEDO㸦⌧㸸ᅜ❧◊✲㛤Ⓨἲ

࣒(Reference Systemࠊᅗ 1)࡟ࡘ࠸࡚ࡢ᳨ウ࡛ࡣே᪂࢚ࢿࣝࢠ࣮࣭⏘ᴗᢏ⾡⥲ྜ㛤Ⓨᶵᵓ㸧࡟ࡼࡾᐇ࡟ண⟬㸦$19M㸧ࡢ⣙༙ศ㸦$10M㸧ࡀ⎔ቃ㠃࠾ࠕᏱᐂⓎ㟁ࢩࢫࢸ࣒࡟㛵ࡍࡿㄪᰝ᳨ウࠖࡀᐇ᪋ࡉ

➨୍ᕤᴗ኱Ꮫ◊✲ሗ࿌ࠉ➨ྕࠉ ࢀࡓࠋNASA/DoE ࡢ CDEP ◊✲ࢆཧ⪃࡟ࠊᢏ⾡࣊ࣜࢥࣉࢱ࡞࡝㸧ࡀ㐍ධࡍࡿ஦ែࡀ࠶ࡾᚓࡿࠋࡇ

㠃ࠊ⎔ቃ࣭⏕ែ࡬ࡢᙳ㡪㠃ࠊ࠾ࡼࡧ⤒῭㠃࠿ࡽࡢሙྜࠊ㟁Ꮚᶵჾ࡬ࡢ㟁☢ᖸ΅ࡀ࠶ࡿ࡜㣕⾜Ᏻ඲

SSPS ࢆホ౯ࡋࡓࠋ[6]࡟ᙳ㡪ࡍࡿྍ⬟ᛶࡀ࠶ࡿࡓࡵࠊᅜෆእࡢ⯟✵ᶵࡢ

1998 ᖺࠊNASDA(⌧㸸ᅜ❧◊✲㛤ⓎἲேᏱᐂ⯟EMC タ ィ ᇶ ‽ 㸦 EMC :Electromagnetic✵◊✲㛤Ⓨᶵᵓ JAXA)࡟ࡼࡾࠕᏱᐂኴ㝧Ⓨ㟁ࢩCompatibilityࠊ㟁☢Ἴ㞀ᐖ㜵Ṇᑐ⟇㸧ࡀၥ㢟࡜࡞ࢫࢸ࣒ࡢ◊✲ࠖࡀ㛤ጞࡉࢀࠊ௨ᚋࠊࢥࢫࢺࣔࢹࣝࠊ

ࡿࠋ⯟✵ᶵࡣࠊẸ㛫ᶵ㸦ၟᴗ⏝㸧࡜㠀Ẹ㛫ᶵ㸦㌷⎔ቃ㈇Ⲵࣔࢹࣝࠊ࢚ࢿࣝࢠ࣮཰ᨭࣔࢹࣝࡀᵓ⠏ࡉ⏝ᶵ࡞࡝㸧࡛㐺⏝ࡉࢀࡿタィᇶ‽ࡀ␗࡞ࡾࠊࡲࡓ

ࢀࠊⓎ㟁༢౯ࠊCO2 ᤼ฟ㔞࠾ࡼࡧ࣌࢖ࣂࢵࢡࢱ࢖

ᶵయࡀ〇㐀ࡉࢀࡓᖺ௦࡟ࡼࡾ㐺⏝ࡉࢀ࡚࠸ࡿᇶ

࣒࡟㛵ࡍࡿឤᗘศᯒࡀ⾜ࢃࢀ࡚࠸ࡿࠋ[7]‽ࡢෆᐜࡶ␗࡞ࡿࡢ࡛ὀពࢆせࡍࡿࠋ

USEF ࡛ࡣࠊ2004 ᖺ࠿ࡽࡢ JAXA ࡜ࡢඹྠ◊ᶵయ඲యࡢ EMC タィ᮲௳ࢆ⪃៖ࡍࡿ࡜㟁⏺

✲ࡢ୰࡛ SSPS ࡟㛵ࡍࡿᏳ඲࣭⎔ቃ㠃ࡢ᳨ウࢆ⾜ᙉᗘ 10㹼60V/m ⛬ᗘࢆ᝿ᐃࡍࢀࡤⰋ࠸ࠋ㟁ຊᐦࡗ࡚࠸ࡿࠋ㸦ᅗ 3ࠊ⾲ 1㸧ᗘ࡜ࡋ࡚ࠊ࠾ࡼࡑ 0.3㹼10 W/m2 ࡟┦ᙜࡍࡿࠋேయࡢ㜵ㆤᣦ㔪್(5.8GHz)ࡀࠊ

 Ᏻ඲㠃ࡢ᳨ウ
SSPS ࠿ࡽࡢ࣐࢖ࢡࣟἼࣅ࣮࣒ࡀᆅୖ࡟฿㐩ࡍ

࣭10 W/m2(୍⯡බ⾗)㹼50 W/m2(⫋ᴗ⪅)࠶ࡿ࠸ࡣࠊࡿࡇ࡜࡛⪃࠼ࡽࢀࡿㄢ㢟ࡢ࠺ࡕࠊᏳ඲ᛶ࡟㛵ࡍࡿ

࣭61.4 V/m(୍⯡බ⾗)㹼137 V/m(⫋ᴗ⪅)ࡶࡢࢆ௦⾲ⓗ࡟⤂௓ࡍࡿࠋ࡛࠶ࡿࡢ࡛ࠊேయ࡜ẚ㍑ࡋ࡚࢖࣑ࣗࢽࢸ࢕㸦⪏ᛶ㸧ࡣప࠸࡜ゝ࠼ࡿࠋ[1][2] ேయ࡬ࡢᙳ㡪㧗࿘Ἴ㟁☢⏺ࡀ⏕య⤌⧊࡟ධᑕࡍࡿ࡜ࠊ⤌⧊࡛

ETC

ࡢㄏ㟁ᦆ࡟ࡼࡿ࢚ࢿࣝࢠ࣮྾཰࡟ࡼࡾ⇕ࡀⓎ⏕

ETC (Electronic Toll Collection System)ࡣࠊ㧗ࡍࡿࠋࡇࡢ⇕స⏝ࡀ㧗࿘Ἴ㟁☢⏺ࡢᨭ㓄ⓗ࡞స⏝㏿㐨㊰࡞࡝࡛ࡢ㟁Ꮚᩱ㔠཰ཷࢩࢫࢸ࣒ࡢࡇ࡜࡛

࡛࠶ࡿ࡜ࡉࢀ࡚࠸ࡿࠋ⇕స⏝ࡣࠊ⌧⾜ࡢ㜵ㆤᣦ㔪

࠶ࡾࠊ5.8GHz ᖏ㸦SSPS ࡛ࡢ౑⏝ࡶ⪃࠼ࡽࢀ࡚࠸ࡢ୺せ࡞᰿ᣐ࡜࡞ࡗ࡚࠸ࡿࠋ≉࡟ࠊ඲㌟ᖹᆒ SARࡿ㸧ࡢ࣐࢖ࢡࣟἼࡀ౑⏝ࡉࢀ࡚࠸ࡿࠋ

㸦Specific Absorption Rate ࡢ␎ࠊయ㔜 1kg ࠶ࡓ㏻ಙࢆ⪃៖ࡋ࡞࠸㌴㍕ᶵჾ࡜ࡋ࡚ࡢ࢖࣑ࣗࢽ

ࡾࡢ྾཰㟁ຊࢆ♧ࡍ㸧ࢆ 0.4W/kg ௨ୗ㸦බ⾗࡟ᑐࢸ࢕࡟㛵ࡋ࡚ࡣ ECE R10㸦ᅜ㝿㐃ྜࡀⓎ⾜ࡋࡓࡋ࡚ࡣࡉࡽ࡟ࡑࡢ 1/5㸧࡟ไ㝈ࡍࡿ࡜࠸࠺ᣦ㔪ࡣ㌴㍕ᶵჾ࡟㛵ࡍࡿ EMC つ๎㸧ࡀ㐺⏝ࡉࢀࡿࡇ࡜

ᐇ㦂ⓗ࡞⿬࡙ࡅࡶ࠶ࡾࠊᗈࡃୡ⏺ⓗ࡟ㄆࡵࡽࢀ࡚

࡟࡞ࡾࠊ20MHz㹼1000MHz ࡢ㛫࡛ࡣᑡ࡞ࡃ࡜ࡶ

࠸ࡿࠋ࣐࢖ࢡࣟἼ࡟ࡼࡿ↓⥺㏦ཷ㟁⏝࡟⪃࠼ࡽࢀ

24V/m ௨ୖࡢ⪏ᛶࡀ࠶ࡿ࡜⪃࠼ࡽࢀࡿࠋࡋ࠿ࡋࠊ

࡚࠸ࡿ ISM㸦⏘ᴗ⛉Ꮫ་⒪⏝ࣂࣥࢻ㸧ᖏࡢ࿘Ἴᩘ

㏻ಙࡢほⅬ࠿ࡽぢࡿ࡜ಙྕࣞ࣋ࣝ࡜ྠ➼ࡲࡓࡣ

㸦2.45GHzࠊ5.8GHz㸧࡟㛵ࡍࡿ㜵ㆤᣦ㔪್ࢆ⾲ 2ࡑࢀࡼࡾ኱ࡁ࡞ࣀ࢖ࢬࡀຍࢃࡿ࡜ṇ☜࡞㏻ಙࡀ

࠾ࡼࡧ⾲ 3 ࡟♧ࡍࠋ࡛ࡁ࡞ࡃ࡞ࡿࡇ࡜ࡀ᝿ᐃࡉࢀࡿࠋ

ࡇࡢ࡯࠿ࠊⓎࡀࢇ㸦≉࡟ᑠඣࡀࢇ㸧࡜ࡢ㛵㐃ࡸࠊ

ETC ࢩࢫࢸ࣒࡛౑⏝ࡉࢀ࡚࠸ࡿᶵჾ࡟㐺⏝ࡉపࣞ࣋ࣝࡢ㛗ᮇ⿕᭚ࡢᙳ㡪࡞࡝ࡀ◊✲ㄢ㢟࡜ࡋࡿᑓ⏝⊃ᇦ㏻ಙ DSRC (Dedicated Short Range࡚࡜ࡾ࠶ࡆࡽࢀ࡚࠸ࡿࠋ[1][4]Communication㸧ᶵჾࡢ୺࡞㟁Ἴつ᱁࠿ࡽࡳࡿ࡜ࠊ
ಙྕ࡜ࡋ࡚ࡣ 1V/m ௨ୗࡢ㟁⏺ᙉᗘ࡛࠶ࡿ࡜᥎ 㟁Ꮚᶵჾ࡬ࡢᙳ㡪⯟✵ᶵ࣐࢖ࢡࣟἼࣅ࣮࣒ࡢ୰࡟⯟✵ᶵ㸦㣕⾜ᶵ࠾ࡼࡧࡉࢀࠊ↓⥺ LAN ࡸ UWBࠊRFID ࡞࡝ࡢ↓⥺㏻ಙ⿦⨨࡜ྠ➼ࡢࣀ࢖ࢬ࣭࢖࣑ࣗࢽࢸ࢕ࢆᣢࡘ࡜
⪃࠼ࡽࢀࡿࠋSSPS ࡢཷ㟁タഛ㸦ࣞࢡࢸࢼ㸧ࡣࠊ㰺⸨࣭୰ᮧ࣭బࠎᮌ࣭୕ཎ㸸Ᏹᐂኴ㝧ගⓎ㟁ࢩࢫࢸ࣒ࡢᴫせ㸦➨㸱ሗ㸧

ETC ࡢㄗసື㜵ṆࡢほⅬ࠿ࡽࡶᖿ⥺㐨㊰࠿ࡽࡣ༑ศ࡟㞳ࢀࡓᆅᇦ࡟ᘓタࡍ࡭ࡁ࡛࠶ࢁ࠺ࠋ[1][2]⡿ᅜ࡛ࡢ᳨ウ

2002 ᖺࠊNASA ࡢ Skiles ࡟ࡼࡾ௨ୗࡢᐇ㦂ࡀ⾜ࢃࢀࡓࠋᑐ㇟᳜≀ࡣ∾ⲡࡢ࢔ࣝࣇ࢓ࣝࣇ࢓࡛ࠊ ⎔ቃ㠃ࡢ᳨ウ࣐࢖ࢡࣟἼ࿘Ἴᩘࡣ 2.45GHzࠊࡇࡢ࡜ࡁࡢ㟁ຊᐦ ື≀࡬ࡢᙳ㡪

ᗘࡣ 0.5㹼1.2mW/cm2 ࡛࠶ࡗࡓࠋ㸦ᅗ 4㸧࣐࢖ࢡࣟἼ↷ᑕࡢື≀࡟ཬࡰࡍᙳ㡪࡟ࡘ࠸࡚ࢺࣞ࢖࡟ධࡗࡓ⏕⫱᳜≀㸦࢔ࣝࣇ࢓ࣝࣇ࢓㸧࡟ࡣࠊࡇࢀࡲ࡛୺࡜ࡋ࡚࿘Ἴᩘ 2.45GHz ࡟ࡘ࠸࡚ࠊ

࣐࢖ࢡࣟἼࢆ⥅⥆ⓗ࡟↷ᑕࡋࡓࠋࡇࡢ࡜ࡁ࣐࢖ࢡ

㫽ࡸᑠື≀࡬ࡢᙳ㡪ࡀ◊✲ࡉࢀ࡚ࡁࡓࠋ

ࣟἼ㐽᩿ᯈࢆ㝸࡚ࡓ཯ᑐഃ࡟ࢥࣥࢺ࣮ࣟࣝ㸦㠀↷Guy ࡽࡣ 1975 ᖺ࢘ࢧࢠࢆ⏝࠸ࡓᐇ㦂⤖ᯝ࠿ᑕ⩌㸧ࢆ㓄⨨ࡋࡓࠋ↷ᑕ⩌࡜㠀↷ᑕ⩌ࡣࠊࡑࢀ௨

ࡽࠊ㟁ຊᐦᗘ 150mW/cm2 ࠊ↷ᑕ᫬㛫 100 ศ௨እࡣྠ୍⎔ቃ࡟⨨࠿ࢀ࡚࠸ࡿࠋⴥ㒊ศࡢࢡࣟࣟࣇ

ୖ㸦ᒁᡤࡢẚ⇕྾཰⋡ SAR ࡣ 136W/kg ௨ୖ㸧࢕ࣝ⃰ᗘࢆィ

࡛ⓑෆ㞀ࡀⓎ⏕ࡍࡿ࡜ሗ࿌ࡋ࡚࠸ࡿࠋ࣐࢖ࢡࣟἼ

⏕㔜㔞࠾ࡼࡧ஝㔜㔞ࢆィ ࡋࡓࠋྠ᫬࡟ⱼࡢ㛗ࡉ࢚ࢿࣝࢠ࣮ࡀ║⌫࡛྾཰ࡉࢀ࡚⇕࡟ኚࢃࡿࡇ࡜

ࡸ⠇㛫㊥㞳࡞࡝඲యࡢ≉ᚩࡸࠊάᛶࢆㄪ࡭ࡓࠋㄪ

ࡀⓑෆ㞀Ⓨ⏕ࡢཎᅉ࡜⪃࠼ࡽࢀ࡚࠸ࡿࠋ

ᰝࡋࡓ㝈ࡾ࡟࠾࠸࡚ࡣࠊ࣐࢖ࢡࣟἼ↷ᑕ⩌࡜㠀↷

1985 ᖺ࡟ Kues ࡽࡣࠊ࿘Ἴᩘ 2.45GHz ࡢ࣐ࡋࠊ7 㐌㛫ᚋ࡟᳜≀ࡣ཰✭ࡉࢀࠊᑕ⩌࡛ᕪ␗ࡣぢࡽࢀ࡞࠿ࡗࡓࠋ [3][9]࢖ࢡࣟἼ࡛㐃⥆Ἴ㸦㟁ຊᐦᗘ 20㹼30mW/ cm2ࠊᒁᡤ SAR=5.3㹼7.8W/kg㸧ࠊ࠾ࡼࡧࣃࣝࢫἼ㸦㟁᪥ᮏ࡛ࡢ᳨ウຊᐦᗘ 10mW/ cm2ࠊᒁᡤ SAR=2.6W/kg㸧ࢆ࢝ࢽ⡿ᅜ࡛ࡣ 2.45GHz ࡢప㟁ຊᐦᗘ࡛ࡢ◊✲ࡀᐇࢡ࢖ࢧࣝ࡟㸲᫬㛫↷ᑕࡋࡓ࡜ࡇࢁࠊゅ⭷ෆ⓶⣽⬊᪋ࡉࢀࡓࡀࠊ5.8GHz ࡛ࡢࢹ࣮ࢱࡀ୙㊊ࡋ࡚࠸ࡿ࡟ᦆയࡀ⏕ࡌࡓ࡜ሗ࿌ࡋ࡚࠸ࡿࠋ

ࡓࡵࠊࢃࡀᅜ࡛ࡣᮧୖ㸦⏘ᴗᢏ⾡⥲ྜ◊✲ᡤ㸧ࡀᩧ⸨㸦᪥ᮏ⋇་␆⏘኱㸧ࡣ࢝ࢽࢡ࢖ࢨࣝ㞝 3 ༉ࠊ

5.8GHz ࡟ࡘ࠸࡚ࡶᐇ㦂ⓗ◊✲ࢆ⾜ࡗࡓ㸦ᅗ 5㸧ࠋ

㞤 2 ༉ࢆ⏝࠸࡚ୖグࡢ㏣ヨ㦂ࢆ⾜ࡗࡓࠋ↷ᑕ⤊஢ࡑࡢ⤖ᯝࠊᙳ㡪ࡣ࣐࢖ࢡࣟἼࡀ᳜≀⮬㌟ࡲࡓࡣ᳜48 ᫬㛫ᚋࡢ᳨║࡛ࡣࠊ㸯ಶయ࡟࠾࠸࡚㍍ᗘࡢ⤖≀࿘㎶ࡢ⭷⅖ࡀࡳࡽࢀࡓࡀࠊ௚ࡢಶయ࡛ࡣぢࡽࢀ࡞࠿ࡗࡓࠋ

ࡿ࡜⪃࠼ࡽࢀ㸦⇕ຠᯝ㸧ࠊ㟁ຊᐦᗘ࡛ 40 mW/cm2

ࡲࡓ࢘ࢧࢠ࡟ࡘ࠸࡚ࡢ࣐࢖ࢡࣟἼ↷ᑕᐇ㦂㸦࿘⛬ᗘࡲ࡛ࡣࠊ࣐࢖ࢡࣟἼ↷ᑕࡢ᭷↓࡟ࡼࡿ᭷ព࡞

Ἴᩘ 2.45GHzࠊSAR=26.5W/kg㸧ࡶ⾜ࢃࢀ࡚࠸࡚ࠊ

ᙳ㡪ࡣぢࡽࢀ࡞࠿ࡗࡓࠋᚑࡗ࡚ SSPS ࡢࣞࢡࢸࢼ

᪥ᮏⓑⰍ✀ࡢ㞤࢘ࢧࢠ 9 ༉ࡀ⏝࠸ࡽࢀࡓࠋ↷ᑕ⩌➃࠾ࡼࡧ࿘㎶㒊࡛ࡣࠊ᳜≀࡬ࡢᙳ㡪ࡣ࡞࠸ࡶࡢ࡜

ࡢ࢘ࢧࢠ࡛ࡣ⦰Ꮝࠊ⣚ᙬࡢ඘⾑࡞࡝ࡀぢࡽࢀࡓࡀࠊ

⪃࠼ࡽࢀࡿࠋ

ᗘ⎔ቃࢆኚ໬ࡉࡏࡿࡇ࡜࡟ࡼࡾ⏕ࡌⓑෆ㞀ࡸゅ⭷ෆ⓶ࡢ⣽⬊␗ᖖࡣ☜ㄆ࡛ࡁ࡞࠿ࡗ

ࡓࡔࡋࠊ㟁ຊᐦᗘࡢィ ࡟ࡣᐃᅾἼࡢᙳ㡪ࡀฟࡓࠋࡇࡇ࡛ほᐹࡉࢀࡓ⅖⑕ࡣ࣐࢖ࢡࣟἼࡢ⇕స⏝࡚࠸ࡿࡇ࡜ࡀ⪃࠼ࡽࢀࡿࡓࡵࠊࡼࡾṇ☜࡞ィ ᪉࡟㉳ᅉࡍࡿࡶࡢ࡜⪃࠼ࡽࢀࡿࠋ

ἲࡢᕤኵࡀᚲせ࡛࠶ࡿ࡜ࡉࢀ࡚࠸ࡿࠋ[1][2][3]ཷ㟁᪋タ㸦ࣞࢡࢸࢼ㸧ࡢ❧ᆅ᮲௳ࡀỴࡲࡗࡓࡽࠊ
ᑐ㇟࡜࡞ࡿ⏕≀ࡢ⤠㎸ࡳࢆ⾜࠸ࠊ᮲௳ࢆࡑࢁ࠼ࡓ
㛗ᮇ࡟ࢃࡓࡿᐇ㦂ࡀᚲせ࡛࠶ࡿࠋ [2][3][4][8] ࣞࢡࢸࢼᘓタⓎ㟁⾨ᫍ࠿ࡽࡢ࣐࢖ࢡࣟἼࢆཷಙࡋࠊ㟁ຊ࡟ኚ᥮ࡍࡿཷ㟁᪋タ㸦ࣞࢡࢸࢼ㸧ࡢ᳨ウ౛࡜ࡋ࡚ࡣࠊ ᳜≀࡬ࡢᙳ㡪㝣ୖタ⨨ᆺ࡜ὒୖタ⨨ᆺ࡟኱ูࡉࢀࡿࠋ

SSPS ࡟㛵㐃ࡋ࡚ࠊ⡿ᅜ(2.45GHz)ࠊ᪥ᮏ(2.45ࠊ
5.8GHz)࡛᳜≀࡬ࡢᙳ㡪ࡀ◊✲ࡉࢀ࡚࠸ࡿࠋ



㝣ୖタ⨨ᆺ

㝣ୖタ⨨ᆺࡢ௦⾲ⓗ࡞᳨ウ౛࡜ࡋ࡚ࡣࠊ

➨୍ᕤᴗ኱Ꮫ◊✲ሗ࿌ࠉ➨ྕࠉ DoE/NASA ࣞࣇ࢓ࣞࣥࢫࢩࢫࢸ࣒㸦࣐࢖ࢡࣟἼ࿘

㞳ᓥࢆ࣮࣋ࢫ࡟ᘓタࡋࠊ㠃✚ⓗ࡟཰ࡲࡽ࡞࠸ศࡣ

Ἴᩘ 2.45GHz㸧ࡀ࠶ࡿࠋࣞࢡࢸࢼࡢᙧ≧ࡣࠊ᝿ᐃᾏୖ࡟ᙇࡾฟࡍࢱ࢖ࣉࡀ⌧ᐇⓗ࡜⪃࠼ࡽࢀࡿࠋࡇࡋ ࡓ ᆅ ᇦ ࡀ ໭ ⦋ 36 r ࡟ ࠶ ࡿ ࡇ ࡜ ࠿ ࡽ ࠊ ༡ ໭ࡢሙྜࠊ㟁ຊᾘ㈝ᆅ࡬ࡢ㏦㟁ࡣᾏᗏࢣ࣮ࣈࣝࢆ฼

13.4kmᮾす 10.0km ࡢᴃ෇ᙧ࡛࠶ࡿ㸦㠃✚⏝ࡍࡿࠋUSEF ࡛⪃࠼ࡽࢀࡓ SSPS ᱌㸦࿘Ἴᩘ

10,500 ha㸧ࠋ㸦ᅗ 6㸧

5.8GHzࠊᅗ 10㸧࡜ࡑࡢࣞࢡࢸࢼつᶍ㸦ᅗ 11ࠊᅗࣞࢡࢸࢼࡢ࿘ᅖ࡟ࡣࣇ࢙ࣥࢫࢆタ⨨ࡋࠊேࡸື

12㸧࠾ࡼࡧᘓタ࢖࣓࣮ࢪࢆᅗ 13 ࡟♧ࡍࠋ[4]≀ࡢ౵ධࢆ㜵Ṇࡍࡿࠋࣇ࢙ࣥࢫࡢ఩⨨ࡣࣞࢡࢸࢼ
ࡢ༡໭ྛࠎ1.35kmࠊᮾす 1km 㞳ࢀࡓࣞࢡࢸࢼ࿘
ᅖ࡟ἢࡗ࡚タ⨨ࡋࠊࡑࡢ㛫ࢆࠕ⦆⾪ᆅᖏ(Buffer
Zone)ࠖ࡜ࡍࡿ㸦ᅗ 7㸧ࠋࣞࣇ࢓ࣞࣥࢫࢩࢫࢸ࣒࡛ࡢ᳨ウ࡛ࡣࠊࣞࢡࢸࢼ ࡲ࡜ࡵ
SSPS ᘓタ࡟㛵㐃ࡍࡿㅖㄢ㢟ࡢ࠺ࡕࠊᏳ඲㠃࣭⎔ቃ㠃࡟ࡘ࠸࡚௦⾲ⓗ࡞ࡶࡢࢆ⤂௓ࡋࡓࠋࢡ࣮ࣜ
ࣥ࡞࢚ࢿࣝࢠ࣮࡜ࡋ࡚ᆅ⌫ᬮ໬ᑐ⟇ࡢษࡾᮐ

❧ᆅ࡟ࡩࡉࢃࡋࡃ࡞࠸ᆅᇦ࡜ࡋ࡚ࠊ௨ୗࡢ 15 ᆅ࡜ࡶゝࢃࢀࡿ SSPS ࡛࠶ࡿࡀࠊ㉸ᕧ኱ࢩࢫࢸ࣒࡛

ᇦࡀ㝖እࡉࢀࡓࠋ[1][10]࠶ࡿࡀࡺ࠼࡟ࠊࡑࡢᐇ⌧࡟ᙜࡓࡗ࡚ࡣᢏ⾡㠃࣭⤒ձỈ⣔㸦ᕝࡸ†㸧ࠊղ኱㒔ᕷ㒊ࠊճேཱྀᐦ㞟ᆅࠊ῭㠃ࡢࡳ࡞ࡽࡎࠊᏳ඲㠃࣭⎔ቃ㠃࡟ࡘ࠸࡚࠸ࡗࡑ

մ‵ᆅᖏࠊյ㢖⦾࡟ỏ℃ࡍࡿᆅᇦࠊն㌷⏝ᆅࠊ࠺ៅ㔜࡞᳨ウࡀ࡞ࡉࢀࡿ࡭ࡁ࡛࠶ࢁ࠺ࠋ

շᅜᐃࣞࢡ࢚࣮ࣜࢩࣙࣥᆅᇦࠊոᅜ㐨ࠊչ⯟⾜ྍ⬟Ỉ㊰ࠊպ⤯⁛༴᝹✀ࡓࡵࡢಖㆤ⎔ቃࠊջᆅᙧⓗ୙㐺ྜࠊռཎᏊຊⓎ㟁⏝ᆅࠊսվտ㟁☢ᖸ΅ࡢ⎔ቃࡢ⛬ᗘ࡟ᛂࡌ࡚୙㐺ྜㅰ㎡ᮏ◊✲ሗ࿌ࡣࠊ㰺⸨ࡀᡤᒓࡋ࡚࠸ࡓ㈈ᅋἲே
↓ேᏱᐂࢩࢫࢸ࣒◊✲㛤Ⓨᶵᵓࡀ⤒῭⏘ᴗ┬࠿ࡽࡢጤクࢆཷࡅ࡚ᐇ᪋ࡋࡓㄪᰝ⤖ᯝ࡟ᇶ࡙࠸࡚



ὒୖタ⨨ᆺ

࠸ࡲࡍࠋඹⴭ⪅ࢆྵࡵࡓ㛵ಀ⪅ࡢⓙᵝ࡟ࡶࡦ࡜࠿ὒୖタ⨨ᆺࡢ௦⾲ⓗ࡞᳨ウ౛࡜ࡋ࡚ࡣࠊNEDO

ࡓ࡞ࡽࡠ࠾ୡヰ࡟࡞ࡾࡲࡋࡓࠋࡲࡓࠊᙜ᫬ࠊඹྠ

ࢢࣛࣥࢻࢹࢨ࢖ࣥ㸦1993 ᖺࠊᅗ 8㸧ྥࡅ࡟㟁ຊ୰సᴗࢆᐇ᪋ࡋࡓᅜ❧◊✲㛤ⓎἲேᏱᐂ⯟✵◊✲ኸ◊✲ᡤࡀ᳨ウࡋࡓࡶࡢࡀ࠶ࡿࠋ᪥ᮏࡢ㏆ᾏ࡟ࣞ

㛤Ⓨᶵᵓࡢⓙᵝ࡟࠾♩⏦ࡋୖࡆࡲࡍࠋ

ࢡࢸࢼ㸦࿘Ἴᩘ 2.45GHz㸧ࢆタ⨨ࡍࡿࡇ࡜ࢆ๓ᥦ
࡜ࡋ࡚ࠊ200 ᾏ㔛⤒῭ỈᇦෆࡢỈ῝ 200 m ௨ὸࡢཧ⪃ᩥ⊩㸸ᾏᇦࢆㄪᰝࡋࠊ7 ᆅⅬࡢೃ⿵ᆅⅬࢆ㑅ฟࡋࡓࠋὒ

>@ ㈈ᅋἲே ↓ேᏱᐂᐇ㦂ࢩࢫࢸ࣒◊✲㛤Ⓨᶵୖᵓ㐀≀࡜ࡋ࡚ᆅ㟈࡞࡝࡟ࡼࡿᾏᗏኚືࡢᙳ㡪ᵓ㸸ࠕᖹᡂ  ᖺᗘ ኴ㝧ගⓎ㟁฼⏝ಁ㐍ᢏ⾡ࢆཷࡅ࡟ࡃ࠸ᾋ㐟᪉ᘧࡢ࠺ࡕࠊྎ㢼࡟ࡼࡿἼᾉ࡟ㄪᰝࠖ ᖹᡂ  ᖺ  ᭶ࡶᏳᐃ࡞ࢭ࣑ࢧࣈ᪉ᘧ࡟ࡘ࠸᳨࡚ウࡋࠊᅗ 9 ࡢࡼ࠺࡞ࣈࣟࢵࢡᵓ㐀ᴫᛕᅗࢆᚓࡓࠋ[4][11]ࡑࡢᚋࠊ࣓࢞ࣇ࣮ࣟࢺ࡜࿧ࡤࢀࡿ km つᶍࡢ኱>@㈈ᅋἲே ↓ேᏱᐂᐇ㦂ࢩࢫࢸ࣒◊✲㛤Ⓨᶵᵓ㸸ࠕᖹᡂ  ᖺᗘ ኴ㝧ගⓎ㟁฼⏝ಁ㐍ᢏ⾡ㄪᰝࠖ ᖹᡂ  ᖺ  ᭶ᆺᾋయᵓ㐀ࡢ฼⏝ࡶ⪃࠼ࡽࢀࡓࠋ࣓࢞ࣇ࣮ࣟࢺࡶ

>@㈈ᅋἲே ↓ேᏱᐂᐇ㦂ࢩࢫࢸ࣒◊✲㛤Ⓨᶵྵࡵ࡚ᾏᇦ࡟ཷ㟁᪋タࢆタ⨨ࡋࡓ㝿࡟ホ౯ࡀᚲᵓ㸸ࠕᖹᡂ  ᖺᗘ ኴ㝧ගⓎ㟁฼⏝ಁ㐍ᢏ⾡せ࡜⪃࠼ࡽࢀࡿ⎔ቃᙳ㡪せ⣲ࡣ⾲ 4 ࡢ㏻ࡾ࡛࠶ㄪᰝࠖ ᖹᡂ  ᖺ  ᭶

ࡿࠋ[2][4]ᖹᆅࡢᑡ࡞࠸ᡃࡀᅜ࡛ࡣὒୖタ⨨ᆺࡀ᭷฼࡛
࠶ࡿࡀࠊ୍᪉࡛ࢥࢫࢺࡸ࣓ࣥࢸࢼࣥࢫ࡟ㄢ㢟ࡀከ࠸ࠋࡑࡇ࡛ࠊ㝣ୖ࡜ὒୖࡢᢡ⾺ᆺࡍ࡞ࢃࡕ↓ேࡢ>@㈈ᅋἲே ↓ேᏱᐂᐇ㦂ࢩࢫࢸ࣒◊✲㛤Ⓨᶵᵓ㸸ࠕᖹᡂ  ᖺᗘ ኴ㝧ගⓎ㟁฼⏝ಁ㐍ᢏ⾡ㄪᰝࠖ ᖹᡂ  ᖺ  ᭶[5] DOE and NASA report ; “Satellite Power㰺⸨࣭୰ᮧ࣭బࠎᮌ࣭୕ཎ㸸Ᏹᐂኴ㝧ගⓎ㟁ࢩࢫࢸ࣒ࡢᴫせ㸦➨㸱ሗ㸧

System;Concept

Development

andEvaluation Program”, Reference System
Report, 1978 (Published Jan. 1979)[6] ୕⳻⥲ྜ◊✲ᡤ㸸ࠕᖹᡂ 3 ᖺᗘᏱᐂⓎ㟁ࢩࢫࢸ࣒࡟㛵ࡍࡿㄪᰝ◊✲ࠖ
㸦NEDO ጤク஦ᴗ㸧ࠊᖹᡂ 4 ᖺ 3 ᭶[7] ୕⳻⥲◊㸸ࠕᖹᡂ 16 ᖺᗘᏱᐂ⯟✵◊✲㛤Ⓨᶵᵓጤクᴗົᡂᯝሗ࿌᭩Ᏹᐂ࢚ࢿࣝࢠ࣮฼⏝ࢩࢫࢸ࣒⥲ྜ◊✲ࠖࠊᖹᡂ 17 ᖺ 3 ᭶[8] ከỀᫀ⏕㸸ࠕRF ࠾ࡼࡧ࣐࢖ࢡࣟἼࡢ⏕యຠᯝࠖࠊ͆㟁☢⏺ࡢ⏕యຠᯝ࡜ィ͇㸦㟁ẼᏛ఍

㧗࿘Ἴ㟁☢⏺ࡢ⏕యຠᯝ࡟㛵ࡍࡿィᢏ⾡ㄪᰝᑓ㛛ጤဨ఍⦅㸧ࠊࢥࣟࢼ♫ࠊ1995[9] J.W.Skiles: "Plant response to microwaves at
2.45GHz", Acta Astronautica 58 (2006)[10] DOE/NASA 㸸 Prototype Environmental
Assessment of the Impacts of siting andConstructing A Satellite Power System(SPS) Ground Receiving Station (GRS) ࠊ
DOE/ER-0072ࠊ August 1980
[11] 㟁ຊ୰ኸ◊✲ᡤ㸸ࠕᏱᐂ⾨ᫍⓎ㟁᪉ᘧ(SPS)ࡢཷ㟁タഛὒୖ❧ᆅ࡜Ⓨ㟁ྍ⬟㟁ຊࡢ᳨ウࠖࠊ㟁ຊ୰ኸ◊✲ᡤሗ࿌ 183005ࠊ᫛࿴ 58 ᖺ 8 ᭶➨୍ᕤᴗ኱Ꮫ◊✲ሗ࿌ࠉ➨ྕࠉ ኴ㝧㟁ụ䝟䝛䝹

㌶㐨䠖䠏䠒䠈䠌䠌䠌䡇䡉Ⓨ㟁⬟ຊ䠖10㻳㼃 (ᆅୖ5㻳㼃)

㧗㟁ຊᐦᗘ
㧗㟁ຊᐦᗘ
䝬䜲䜽䝻Ἴ䝡䞊䝮

䝬䜲䜽䝻Ἴ䝡䞊䝮

ኚ㟁䡡㏦㟁

䝺䜽䝔䝘
㻝㻜㼗㼙㽢㻝㻟㼗㼙ప㟁ຊᐦᗘ䝬䜲䜽䝻Ἴ䝡䞊䝮
ప㟁ຊᐦᗘ䝬䜲䜽䝻Ἴ䝡䞊䝮

ᅗ  'R(1$6$ ࣞࣇ࢓ࣞࣥࢫࢩࢫࢸ࣒

ᅗ  'R(1$6$ ᴫᛕタィ &'(3㰺⸨࣭୰ᮧ࣭బࠎᮌ࣭୕ཎ㸸Ᏹᐂኴ㝧ගⓎ㟁ࢩࢫࢸ࣒ࡢᴫせ㸦➨㸱ሗ㸧ฟ඾㸸-VSDFHV\VWHPVᅗ  86()-$;$ ࡟ࡼࡿᏳ඲࣭⎔ቃ㠃ࡢ᳨ウ⾲  6636 ࡢ୺࡞ㄢ㢟㸦Ᏻ඲࣭⎔ቃ㠃㸧➨୍ᕤᴗ኱Ꮫ◊✲ሗ࿌ࠉ➨ྕࠉ ⾲  㟁Ἴ㜵ㆤᣦ㔪㸦*+]㸧ࡢ౛⾲  㟁Ἴ㜵ㆤᣦ㔪㸦*+]㸧

㰺⸨࣭୰ᮧ࣭బࠎᮌ࣭୕ཎ㸸Ᏹᐂኴ㝧ගⓎ㟁ࢩࢫࢸ࣒ࡢᴫせ㸦➨㸱ሗ㸧ᅗ  ᳜≀࡬ࡢ *+] ࣐࢖ࢡࣟἼ↷ᑕᐇ㦂㸦1$6$  ᖺ㸧ᅗ  ᳜≀࡬ࡢ *+] ࣐࢖ࢡࣟἼ↷ᑕᐇ㦂㸦⏘⥲◊  ᖺ㸧➨୍ᕤᴗ኱Ꮫ◊✲ሗ࿌ࠉ➨ྕࠉ ᅗ  1$6$ ࣞࣇ࢓ࣞࣥࢫࢩࢫࢸ࣒ࡢᆅୖࣞࢡࢸࢼ㸦*+]㸧

ᅗ  ࣞࢡࢸࢼ࿘㎶ࡢ㟁ຊᐦᗘศᕸ

㰺⸨࣭୰ᮧ࣭బࠎᮌ࣭୕ཎ㸸Ᏹᐂኴ㝧ගⓎ㟁ࢩࢫࢸ࣒ࡢᴫせ㸦➨㸱ሗ㸧ᅗ  1('2 ࢢࣛࣥࢻࢹࢨ࢖ࣥ  ᖺᅗ  ࢭ࣑ࢧࣈ᪉ᘧᾏୖࣞࢡࢸࢼ⾲  ཷ㟁᪋タᾏᇦタ⨨᫬࡟ホ౯ࡍ࡭ࡁ⎔ቃᙳ㡪せ⣲
⎔ቃせ⣲

⎔ቃᙳ㡪

኱Ẽ⎔ቃ

ሬ⿦ࠊ௜╔⏕≀࡟ࡼࡿᝏ⮯ࣂࣛࢫࢺỈ࡟ࡼࡿᝏ⮯௜╔⏕≀࡟ࡼࡿᝏ⮯Ỉ⎔ቃ↷ᗘࠊὶࢀࡢኚ໬Ỉ㉁ኚ໬
ࣂࣛࢫࢺỈ࡟ࡼࡿỈ㉁ኚ໬
₻ὶࡢኚ໬
Ἴᾉࡢኚ໬

ᆅᙧ࣭ᆅ㉁

ᾏ὾ᆅᙧࡢኚ໬

⎔ቃ࡬ࡢ㈇Ⲵ

ᐊຠᯝ࢞ࢫࠊᗫᲠ≀⏕ែ⣔࣭⏕≀ከᵝᛶ↷ᗘࠊὶࢀࡢኚ໬࡟࡜ࡶ࡞࠺Ỉ⏕⏕≀࡬ࡢᙳ㡪ࣂࣛࢫࢺỈ࡟ࡼࡿỈ⏕⏕≀࡬ࡢᙳ㡪ே࡜⮬↛࡜ࡢࡩࢀྜ࠸άືࡢሙ

ᾏỈᾎሙࠊᖸ₲ࠊࣞࢪ࣮ࣕ᪋タ࡬ࡢᙳ㡪═ᮃⅬࠊᬒほ㈨※ࠊ═ᮃᬒほ࡬ࡢᙳ㡪㟁☢Ἴ࣐࢖ࢡࣟἼ࡟ࡼࡿỈ⏕⏕≀࣭㫽㢮࡬ࡢᙳ㡪ࡑࡢ௚◚ᒁⓗ஦㇟⁻ὶࠊ╔ᓊ࡟ࡼࡿ⎔ቃ◚ቯᾋయᇶ┙ỿἐ࡟ࡼࡿ⎔ቃ◚ቯ⯪⯧⾪✺࣭⯟✵ᶵቒⴠ➼࡟ࡼࡿἜὶฟ➼





➨୍ᕤᴗ኱Ꮫ◊✲ሗ࿌ࠉ➨ྕࠉ ฟ඾㸸-VSDFHV\VWHPVᅗ  ࣐ࣝࢳࣂࢫ㸦ࢸࢨ࣮㸧ᆺ 6636㸦86()  ᖺ㸧ᅗ  ࣐ࣝࢳࣂࢫ㸦ࢸࢨ࣮㸧ᆺ 6636 ࣞࢡࢸࢼ࿘㎶ࡢ㟁ຊᐦᗘศᕸ

㰺⸨࣭୰ᮧ࣭బࠎᮌ࣭୕ཎ㸸Ᏹᐂኴ㝧ගⓎ㟁ࢩࢫࢸ࣒ࡢᴫせ㸦➨㸱ሗ㸧ᅗ  ࣐ࣝࢳࣂࢫ㸦ࢸࢨ࣮㸧ᆺ 6636 ࣞࢡࢸࢼࡢつᶍฟ඾-VSDFHV\VWHPVᅗ  ࣐ࣝࢳࣂࢫ㸦ࢸࢨ࣮㸧ᆺ 6636 ࣞࢡࢸࢼࡢ࢖࣓࣮ࢪᅗ


 
ୈҰ޻‫ۀ‬େֶ‫ڀݚ‬ใࠂ
ୈ 30 ߸ (2018)ߦಈతಛ௃Λ༻͍ͨ‫ܧ‬ଓೝূΞϧΰϦζϜ DPTM ͷ༗༻ੑʙΩʔૢ࡞ɾϚ΢εૢ࡞ʹΑΔ‫ূݕ‬ʙࢁాɹ໠໼ୈҰ޻‫ۀ‬େֶɹ৘ใిࢠγεςϜ޻ֶՊʢ˟ 899-4395 ࣛࣇౡ‫ݝ‬ໄౡࢢࠃ෼தԝ 1-10-2ʣ
E-mail: t-yamada@daiichi-koudai.ac.jp

Usefulness of Continuous Authentication Algorithm DPTM
Using Behavioral Features:
Validation by Keystroke and Mouse Dynamics
Takeshi YAMADA
Department of Informatics and Electronics, Daiichi Institute of Technology
ʢ1-10-2 Kokubu Chuo, Kirishima City, Kagoshima Prefecture, 899-4395, Japanʣ

E-mail: t-yamada@daiichi-koudai.ac.jp

Abstract : In this paper, we veriﬁed the usefulness of the algorithm Dynamic Probability Trust Model(DPTM)
for continuous authentication using keystroke and mouse dynamics. We got log data for 48 users, focused on
one of them and calculated it with DPTM. As a result, all 47 users excluding one who got attention were judged
as imposters. The average number of actions taken to judge as imposters was 78 actions and the standard
deviation was 48 actions. From these results, we concluded that the DPTM algorithm is useful.
Keywords : DPTM, continuous authentication, biometrics, keystroke and mouse dynamics

1. ͸͡Ίʹ
‫ࡏݱ‬ͷύʔιφϧίϯϐϡʔλʢPCʣͷϢʔβʔೝূ͸ɼ“ ϩάΠϯ࣌ʹ 1 ౓͚ͩ ” νΣοΫʢID ͱύεϫʔυɼόΠΦϝτϦΫεೝূʢੜମೝূʣɼetc.ʣΛߦ͏΋ͷ͕΄ͱΜͲͰ͋Δɻ͕ͨͬͯ͠ɼϩάΠϯ‫ޙ‬ɼPC ͷϩοΫΛ͔͚๨Εͯ੮Λ֎͢͜ͱ͕͋Δͱɼෆਖ਼ϢʔβʔʹΑΓ PC Λ༰қʹૢ࡞͞Εͯ͠·͏ɻ͜Ε͸ηΩϡϦςΟϨϕϧͷ௿͍‫ݴͱͩڥ؀‬Θ͟ΔΛಘͳ͍ɻηΩϡϦςΟϨϕϧΛߴ͘͢Δํ๏ͷ 1 ͭʹ‫ܧ‬ଓೝূͱ͍͏ೝূํ๏͕͋Δɻ͜Ε͸ɼϩάΠϯ‫ޙ‬΋‫ܧ‬ଓతʹೝূΛߦ͏ϢʔβʔೝূͰ͋Δɻ‫ܧ‬ଓೝূΛߦ͏ʹ͸ɼ͍͔ͭ͘ͷํ๏͕͋Δɻ1 ͭ͸ɼैདྷͷ ID ͱύεϫʔυʹΑΔೝূΛఆ‫ظ‬తʹߦ͏ํ๏Ͱ͋ΔɻID ͱύεϫʔυʹΑΔೝূͷಛ௃͸ɼೝূਫ਼౓͕ 100%ͱ͍͏͜ͱͰ͋Δʢ͔͠͠ͳ͕ΒɼID
ͱύεϫʔυ͕࿙Ӯ͢ΔͱɼຊਓͰͳͯ͘΋ࣗ༝ʹૢ࡞͕Ͱ͖ΔͨΊɼID ͱύεϫʔυ͸‫ݫ‬ॏʹ؅ཧ͠ͳ͚
Ε͹ͳΒͳ͍ʣɻ͜ͷಛ௃Λ‫͔͠׆‬ɼఆ‫ظ‬తʹ ID ͱύεϫʔυͷೖྗΛ‫ٻ‬ΊΔ͜ͱͰ‫ܧ‬ଓೝূΛߦ͏ͱ͍͏

➨୍ᕤᴗ኱Ꮫ◊✲ሗ࿌ࠉ➨ྕࠉ ํ๏Ͱ͋Δɻ͔͠͠ͳ͕ΒɼPC Ͱͷ࡞‫ۀ‬தʹԿ౓΋ຊ‫Ͱڀݚ‬ѻ͏ಛ௃ྔͷ 1 ͭͰɼຊਓ͕ Backspace ΩʔID ͱύεϫʔυͷೖྗΛ‫ٻ‬ΊΒΕΔͱɼͦͷͨͼʹ࡞‫͕ۀ‬தஅ͞ΕɼϢʔβʔෛ୲͕େ͖͘ͳͬͯ͠·͏ͱΛλΠϓͨ͠ͱ͖ͷ “ΩʔΛԡͯ͠Δ࣌ؒͷ௕͞” ͷ͍֬͏ܽ఺͕͋Δɻ

͍ͭͯ࡞੒͠ɼ·ͱΊͨ΋ͷΛຊਓϓϩϑΝΠϧͱ‫ݺ‬཰෼෍Ͱ͋Δɻ͜ͷΑ͏ͳ֬཰෼෍Λશͯͷಛ௃ྔʹͦͷଞͷํ๏ͱͯ͠ɼόΠΦϝτϦΫε‫ܧ‬ଓೝূ͕ͿɻTrust ஋ T ͷॳ‫ظ‬஋͸ 100 Ͱ͋Γɼಛ௃ྔ͕ಘΒ

͋ΔɻόΠΦϝτϦΫεೝূʹ͸ɼ਎ମతಛ௃Λ༻͍

ΕΔ͝ͱʹ ΔT ͕Ճࢉ͞Ε Trust ஋ T ͕มԽ͢Δɻ͜

ͨೝূͱߦಈతಛ௃Λ༻͍ͨೝূ͕͋Δɻ਎ମతಛ௃

ͷ Trust ஋ T ͕ɼద੾ʹ༩͑ΒΕͨᮢ஋ΛԼճͬͨͱ

Λ༻͍ͨೝূͱͯ͠ɼࢦ໲ೝূ΍೒࠼ೝূɼ‫إ‬ೝূͳ͖ଞਓͱ൑ఆ͢Δɻͳ͓ɼଞਓ͕ૢ࡞࢝͠Ίͨͱ͖͢

Ͳ͕͋Δɻ͜ͷೝূํ๏͸ೝূਫ਼౓΋ߴ࣮͘༻తͰ͋

͙ʹଞਓͱ൑ఆͰ͖ΔΑ͏ʹɼTrust ஋ T ͷ࠷େ஋͸Γɼ‫ܧ‬ଓೝূʹ΋Ԡ༻ՄೳͰ͋Δɻ͔͠͠ͳ͕Βɼࢦ

100 ͱ͍ͯ͠Δɻ໲ೝূΛ‫ܧ‬ଓೝূʹԠ༻͢Δ৔߹ʹ͓͍ͯ͸ɼఆ‫ظ‬త
0.5

ʹࢦ໲ೝূΛߦ͏ඞཁੑ͕ੜ͡Δ͜ͱ͔ΒɼIDɾύεϫʔυͷͱ͖ͱಉ༷ɼ࡞‫్͕ۀ‬தͰதஅ͞ΕϢʔβʔ

0.4ෛ୲͕େ͖͘ͳͬͯ͠·͏ɻҰํɼ೒࠼ೝূɼ‫إ‬ೝূͷ৔߹͸ɼϢʔβʔෛ୲͸ͳ͘ͳΔ΋ͷͷɼͦΕઐ༻ͷͯ͠·͏ɻ·ͨ PC ʹϦϞʔτ઀ଓ͢Δ৔߹ʹ͓͍ͯ

0.3P‫ثػ‬Λߪೖ͠ͳ͚Ε͹ͳΒͣίετతͳෛ୲ֻ͕͔ͬ

Back Space

0.2

͸ɼΧϝϥ౳Λ PC ʹઃஔͨ͠ͱ͜ΖͰɼͦ΋ͦ΋ҙຯΛͳ͞ͳ͍ɻ͞Βʹ‫ثػ‬ͷෆ۩߹͕ൃੜ͢ΔՄೳੑ

0.1

͕͋Δ͜ͱ΋ߟྀ͓͔ͯ͠ͳ͚Ε͹ͳΒͳ͍ɻ͔͠͠
ͦΕҎ্ʹɼ਎ମతಛ௃Λ༻͍ͨೝূͷܽ఺ͱͯ͠ɼ1
౓౪·ΕΔͱɼ2 ౓ͱར༻Ͱ͖ͳ͘ͳΔͱ͍͏఺͕‫͛ڍ‬ΒΕΔɻࢦ໲ೝূΛྫʹͱΔͱɼεϚʔτϑΥϯ౳ʹ

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ਤ 1: BackSpace ͷ KHT

࢒ͬͨࢦ໲Λ࠾औ͞ΕΔͱɼͦΕΛར༻ͯ͠ෆਖ਼Ϣʔβʔ͕ࢦ໲ೝূΛಥഁ͢Δ͜ͱ͕Ͱ͖Δɻͦ͏ͳͬͯ

࣍ʹ Trust ஋ T ͷมԽྔ ΔT ͷࢉग़ํ๏ʹ͍ͭͯઆ͠·͏ͱɼࣗ෼ͷࢦ໲͕ɼϩοΫΛղআ͢ΔͨΊͷ‫ݤ‬

໌͢Δɻt ճ໨ͷΞΫγϣϯ1 ͕ൃੜͨ͠ͱ͖ɼऔಘ͠

ͱͯ͠ͷ໾ׂΛՌͨ͞ͳ͘ͳΓɼೝূʹར༻Ͱ͖ͳ͘

ͨಛ௃ྔ i ͷ஋͕ vit ͷͱ͖⎧⎪⎨ Pi (vit ) P (v ) − α 
ΔTt =
i it
i
⎪
⎩ tanhKαi

ͳͬͯ͠·͏ɻ͜ͷΑ͏ʹɼ਎ମతಛ௃Λ༻͍ͨೝূ
ͷ࠷େͷܽ఺͸ɼ1 ౓౪·Εͯ͠·͏ͱɼࣗ෼ࣗ਎Ͱ͋
Δʹ΋ؔΘΒͣ 2 ౓ͱͦΕΛ‫ͯͬͳ͘ͳ͑࢖ͯ͠ͱݤ‬͠·͏ͱ͜Ζʹ͋Δɻ

( Pi (vit )  αi )( Pi (vit ) < αi )(1)ຊ‫ڀݚ‬͸ɼೝূਫ਼౓͸·ͩ௿͍΋ͷͷɼϢʔβʔෛ୲Ͱ ΔT Λఆٛ͢Δɻͨͩ͠ɼK ͸ ΔT ͕ −1 ʹऩଋ͕͢ͳ͘ɼͦ΋ͦ΋౪·ΕΔ৺഑ͷͳ͍ߦಈతಛ௃ʢΩʔΔ଎͞ΛܾΊΔ੩తύϥϝʔλͰ͋Γɼαi ͸ಈతύϥૢ࡞ɾϚ΢εૢ࡞ͳͲʣΛ༻͍ͨ‫ܧ‬ଓೝূʹண໨͓ͯ͠Γɼචऀ͕ 2017 ೥ʹఏҊ͍ͯ͠Δ “ ߦಈతಛ௃Λ༻͍ͨ‫ܧ‬ଓೝূΞϧΰϦζϜ Dynamic Probability Trust

ModelʢDPTMʣ[1] ” ͷ༗༻ੑʹ͍ͭͯ‫͢ূݕ‬ΔɻϝʔλͰ͋Δʢαi ͷৄࡉʹ͍ͭͯ͸‫ޙ‬ड़͢Δʣɻਤ 2 ͸ɼ x − αiK = 0.2, αi = 0.2 ͷͱ͖ͷ y = tanhͷάϥKαiϑΛ͍ࣔͯ͠Δɻਤ 2 Λ‫ݟ‬Δͱ x = 0.2 ͷͱ͖ y = 0ɼͭ·Γ x = αi ͷͱ͖ y = tanh(0) = 0 ͱͳΔɻࣜ (1)ߦಈతಛ௃Λ༻͍ͨ‫ܧ‬ଓೝূͷͨΊͷΞϧΰϦζϜͰɼΛվΊͯ‫ͯݟ‬΋Β͏ͱɼαi ͕‫ڥ‬քͱͳΓɼΔT ͕֬཰ x − αiͷ஋ Pi (vit ) ΛऔΔͷ͔ɼtanhΛऔΔͷ͔͕
Kαi
 x − αi
ܾ·ΔɻtanhΛऔΔͱ͖ɼඞͣ Pi (vit ) < αiKαiͳͷͰɼਤ 2 ΑΓ ΔT ͸ඞͣෛͷ஋ΛऔΔ͜ͱ͕Θ͔

Trust ஋ͱ‫ݺ‬͹ΕΔ஋ T ͷมಈʹΑΓຊਓ͔ଞਓ͔ͷΔʢx < 0.2 ͷͱ͖ɼy < 0ʣɻͭ·Γɼαi ΑΓ “ ಘΒΕ

2. Dynamic Probability Trust ModelʢDPTMʣ
·ͣɼDPTM ͷ֓ཁʹ͍ͭͯઆ໌͢ΔɻDPTM ͸൑ఆΛߦ͏ɻ·ͨ Trust ஋ T ͸ಛ௃ྔ͕ಘΒΕΔͨͼΔಛ௃ྔͷ஋ͷ֬཰ Pi (vit ) ” ͕େ͖͍ͱ͖͸ɼͦͷ֬ʹมԽ͠ɼͦͷมԽྔ ΔT ͸ɼಘΒΕͨಛ௃ྔͱຊਓ

཰ͷ஋ʢਖ਼ͷ஋ʣΛͦͷ·· ΔT ʹ୅ೖ͠ɼখ͍͞ͱ
 x − αi͖͸ tanhʹैͬͯ ΔT ʹ୅ೖ͢Δෛͷ஋Λ
KαiϓϩϑΝΠϧʹΑΓࢉग़͞ΕΔɻຊਓϓϩϑΝΠϧͱ͸ɼࣄલʹຊਓΑΓऔಘ֤ͨ͠ಛ௃ྔ i ͔ΒಘΒΕΔ
஋ vi ͷൃੜස౓ͷ֬཰෼෍ Pi ͷू߹Ͱ͋Δɻਤ 1 ͸ɼ

1 Կ͔͠Βͷૢ࡞ʢΩʔૢ࡞ɼϚ΢εૢ࡞ͳͲʣ͕ߦΘΕͨͱ͖ʹɼಛ௃ྔ͕ಘΒΕΔɻ͜͜Ͱ͸ɼಛ௃ྔ͕ಘΒΕΔԿ͔͠Βͷૢ࡞ͷ͜ͱΛΞΫγϣϯͱ‫Ϳݺ‬ɻᒣ⏣㸸⾜ືⓗ≉ᚩࢆ⏝࠸ࡓ⥅⥆ㄆド࢔ࣝࢦࣜࢬ࣒'370ࡢ᭷⏝ᛶ㹼࣮࢟᧯స࣭࣐࢘ࢫ᧯స࡟ࡼࡿ᳨ド㹼∗ Key Press-Press (KPP)

1

0.5

y

y = tanh

Key1 ͕ Press ͞ΕɼKey2 ͕ Press ͞ΕΔ·Ͱͷ࣌ؒɻ

 x − αiKαi

∗ Key Release-Press (KRP)
Key1 ͕ Release ͞ΕɼKey2 ͕ Press ͞ΕΔ·

0

Ͱͷ࣌ؒɻ

∗ Key Release-Release (KRR)-0.5

Key1 ͕ Release ͞ΕɼKey2 ͕ Release ͞ΕΔ·Ͱͷ࣌ؒɻ

-1
0

0.05

0.1

0.15

0.2

0.25

Press

Releasex

KPR

ਤ 2: K = 0.2, αi = 0.2

Releaseܾఆ͢Δͱ͍͏ͷ͕ࣜ (1) Ͱ͋Δɻ͜ͷมԽྔ ΔT Λ

Press

KPP
KRR

༻͍ͯ, Trust ஋

KRP

Tt+1 = min{ Tt + ΔTt , 100 }

(2)

Key1

Key2

Λܾఆ͢Δɻ

Time͞ΒʹଞਓΛΑΓૣ͘‫ݕ‬ग़͢ΔͨΊʹ, ύϥϝʔλ αiΛಈతʹมԽͤ͞ΔɻॳΊʹઃఆͨ͠ύϥϝʔλ αi ͷ஋Λ αi0 ͱ͢Δͱ, ΔT ͕ n ճ࿈ଓͰෛͷ஋ΛऔΔͱ͖

αi = αi0 + f (n)(3)ͱมԽͤ͞Δɻͨͩ͠, f (n) ͸ 0 Ҏ্ͷ୯ௐ૿Ճؔ
਺ͱ͠, ΔT > 0 ͱͳΔΑ͏ͳ஋ vit Λऔಘͨ͠ͱ͖ʢPi (vit )  αi ʣ, αi = αi0 ͱ‫ʹݩ‬໭͢ɻ͜ͷ αi ͷಈతਤ 3: Ωʔૢ࡞ͷಛ௃ྔ• Ϛ΢εૢ࡞ʹΑΔಛ௃ྔϚ΢εʹΑΔΫϦοΫɼμϒϧΫϦοΫʹ͓͍ͯ͸ɼΩʔૢ࡞ͱಉ༷ͷಛ௃ྔΛऔΔɻ

– Mouse Hold Time (MHT)มԽʹΑΓɼΔT < 0 ΛऔΓଓ͚Δͱ αi ͷ஋͕ͲΜͲ– Mouse Press-Release (MPR)Μେ͖͘ͳΓɼΔT > 0 ͱͳΔ൑ఆྖҬʢPi (vit )  αi ʣ

– Mouse Press-Press (MPP)͕‫ͳ͘ڱ‬Δɻͭ·Γ Trust ஋Λ্͛ʹ͘͘ͳΔɻ͜ͷ– Mouse Release-Press (MRP)ಈతύϥϝʔλ αi ʹΑΓ, ଞਓ͸ ΔT < 0 ΛऔΓ΍͘͢ͳΓ, ΑΓૣ͘ଞਓΛ‫ݕ‬ग़͢Δ͜ͱ͕ՄೳͱͳΔɻ– Mouse Release-Release (MRR)͞ΒʹɼϚ΢εΧʔιϧҠಈ࣌ʹ࣍ͷΑ͏ͳಛ௃ྔ

3. ࣮‫ํݧ‬๏ΛऔΔɻ

3.1 ѻ͏ಛ௃ྔ

– Mouse Drag-Drop Time (MDD)Ϛ΢ε͕υϥοά&υϩοϓ͢Δؒͷ࣌ؒຊ‫Ͱڀݚ‬ѻ͏ಛ௃ྔ͸ɼΩʔૢ࡞ɼϚ΢εૢ࡞ʹ͓͍ͯҰൠతʹΑ͘ѻΘΕ͍ͯΔҎԼͷྔ [2] ͱ͢Δɻ• Ωʔૢ࡞ʹΑΔಛ௃ྔʢਤ 3ʣ
– Key Hold Time (KHT)ਤ 3 ʹ͓͍ͯɼKey1 ͕ Press ͞Ε͔ͯΒ Release͞ΕΔ·Ͱͷ࣌ؒɻ– Mouse Actual Distance (MAD)MAD =– Mouse Actual Speed(MAS)MAD
Δt– Mouse Curve Length(MCL)
MAS =

n−1

– 2 ࿈ଓΩʔͷಛ௃ྔ
ਤ 3 ʹ͓͍ͯɼKey1 ͕λΠϓ͞Εͨ‫ޙ‬ɼKey2 ͕λΠϓ͞Εͨͱ͖ʹऔಘ͢Δಛ௃ྔɻ

∗ Key Press-Release (KPR)
Key1 ͕ Press ͞ΕɼKey2 ͕ Release ͞ΕΔ·Ͱͷ࣌ؒɻ(x0 − xn )2 + (y0 − yn )2(xi − xi+1 )2 + (yi − yi+1 )2

MCL =
i=0

– Mouse Curve Speed(MCS)
MCS =

MCL
Δt





➨୍ᕤᴗ኱Ꮫ◊✲ሗ࿌ࠉ➨ྕࠉ 100

ͨͩ͠ɼ(x0 , y0 ) ͸Ϛ΢εΧʔιϧҠಈͷ࢝఺ɼ(xi , yi ) ͸Ҡಈதͷ࠲ඪɼ(xn , yn ) ͸ऴ఺ɼΔt ͸Ϛ΢εΧʔιϧͷҠಈʹ͔͔ͬͨ࣌ؒΛද͢ɻ

80

Trust

60

3.2 σʔλऩू

40

80
yamada172001172002172003172004172005172008‫͢༻࢖ʹݧ࣮ূݕ‬ΔΩʔૢ࡞ɾϚ΢εૢ࡞ͷϩάσʔλͱͯ͠͸ɼචऀࣗ਎ͷ೔ৗ‫ۀ‬຿ʹ͓͚Δ 1 िؒ෼ͷ

20

PC ૢ࡞ͷϩάσʔλ͓ΑͼୈҰ޻‫ۀ‬େֶ৘ใిࢠγε0ςϜ޻ֶՊ 1 ೥ੜɼ3 ೥ੜʢ߹‫ ܭ‬47 ਓ෼ʣͷߨٛதͷ

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ActionPC ૢ࡞ϩάσʔλΛ࢖༻͢Δɻ1 ೥ੜ͸ʮίϯϐϡʔਤ 4: 172001-172008

λϦςϥγʔʯͷߨٛ 3 ճ෼ʢ90 ෼ʷ 3 ճ =270 ෼ʣɼ

3 ೥ੜ͸ʮJava ϓϩάϥϛϯάʯͷߨٛ 4 ճ෼ʢ90 ෼
ʷ 4 ճ =360 ෼ʣͷϩάσʔλΛऩूͨ͠ɻૢ࡞಺༰͸100ಛʹࢦఆͤͣɼߨٛதʹߦͬͨૢ࡞ͷϩάΛऩूͨ͠ɻ

80ࠓճ͸े෼ͳϩάσʔλ͕औಘͰ͖ͨචऀͷϩάσʔ͍ͯଞ 47 ਓͷϩάσʔλΛ DPTM Ͱ‫͠ࢉܭ‬ɼଞਓͱ

60
Trust

λ͔ΒϓϩϑΝΠϧΛ࡞੒͠ɼͦͷϓϩϑΝΠϧΛ༻40

൑ఆ͢Δ͔Ͳ͏͔ͷ‫ݧ࣮ূݕ‬Λߦ͏ɻ

80
yamada17200917201017201117201217201317201420

3.3 ύϥϝʔλઃఆ
0ࠓճɼDPTM ͷ‫͍͓ͯʹࢉܭ‬ɼ੩తύϥϝʔλ K =

0

100

200

300
Action0.2ɼଞਓͱ൑ఆ͢ΔͨΊͷᮢ஋͸ 80ɼಈతύϥϝʔλαi ͷॳ‫ظ‬஋ αi0 ͸ɼ֬཰෼෍ Pi Λ֬཰ͷখ͍͞ํ͔Βਤ 5: 172009-172014

ྦྷੵΛऔΓɼͦͷྦྷੵ஋͕ 0.1 ͱͳΔͱ͖ͷ֬཰ͱ͠100

ͨɻ·ͨಈతύϥϝʔλ αi ͷ୯ௐ૿Ճؔ਺
80(4)ͱͨ͠ɻ͜ΕΛࣜ (3) ʹ୅ೖ͢Δͱ αi = nαi0 ͱͳΔɻͭ·Γ n ճ࿈ଓͰෛͷ஋ΛऔΔͱ͖ɼαi ͷ஋͸୯७ʹ
αi0 ͷ n ഒͱͨ͠ɻ

60
Trust

f (n) = (n − 1)αi04080
yamada17201517201617201717201917202017202320

4. ࣮‫݁ݧ‬Ռ0චऀͷϓϩϑΝΠϧΛ༻͍ͯ 47 ਓ෼ͷϩάσʔλΛ

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Actionਤ 6: 172015-172023

DPTM Ͱ‫݁ͨ͠ࢉܭ‬Ռ͕ਤ 4ʙਤ 11 Ͱ͋Δɻԣ࣠ʹΞΫγϣϯ਺ɼॎ࣠ʹ Trust ஋ T ΛऔΓɼ500 ΞΫγϣϯ
·Ͱͷ‫݁ࢉܭ‬ՌΛ‫͍ͯ͠ࡌܝ‬Δɻͳ͓ɼਤதͷ yamada

100σʔλ͸ϓϩϑΝΠϧ࡞੒ʹ࢖༻ͨ͠ϩάσʔλͱ͸80ผ೔ʹऔಘͨ͠ 1 ೔෼ͷϩάσʔλͰ͋ΓɼDPTM Ͱ

60
Trust

1 ೔෼ͷϩάσʔλΛ‫͕ͨ͠ࢉܭ‬ɼଞਓͱ൑ఆ͞ΕΔ
ᮢ஋ 80 ΛԼճΔ͜ͱ͸ͳ͔ͬͨɻ
ਤ 4ʙਤ 11 Λ‫ͯݟ‬Θ͔ΔΑ͏ʹɼ΄ͱΜͲͷϩάσʔ

40
80
yamada172026172027172028172029172030172031λ͕ଞਓͱ൑ఆ͞ΕΔᮢ஋ 80 ΛԼճ͍ͬͯΔɻ͔͠͠ͳ͕Βɼਤ 4 ͷ 172002ɼਤ 7 ͷ 172028ɼਤ 8 ͷ 172305

20

͸ᮢ஋ 80 ΛԼճΒͣචऀʹͳΓ͢·͍ͤͯΔΑ͏ʹ‫ݟ‬͑Δɻͦ͜Ͱਤ 4ɼ7ɼ8 Λ΋͏গ͠௕͍ΞΫγϣϯ਺·Ͱ‫ͯݟ‬ΈΔɻਤ 4 Λ 1000 ΞΫγϣϯ·Ͱ‫ͨݟ‬΋ͷ͕ਤ 12ɼਤ 7ɼ8 Λ 700 ΞΫγϣϯ·Ͱ‫ͨݟ‬΋ͷ͕ਤ 13ɼ

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Actionਤ 7: 172026-172031

ᒣ⏣㸸⾜ືⓗ≉ᚩࢆ⏝࠸ࡓ⥅⥆ㄆド࢔ࣝࢦࣜࢬ࣒'370ࡢ᭷⏝ᛶ㹼࣮࢟᧯స࣭࣐࢘ࢫ᧯స࡟ࡼࡿ᳨ド㹼
100

14 Ͱ͋Δɻ͜ΕΒͷਤΛ‫ݟ‬Δͱɼ500 ΞΫγϣϯ·Ͱ͸ Trust ஋ 80 Ҏ্ΛΩʔϓ͍͕ͯͨ͠ɼͦͷ‫ ޙ‬80 Λ80Լճ͍ͬͯΔ͜ͱ͕Θ͔Δɻ
Trust

60
100

40

80
yamada172301172303172304172305172306172307

0
0

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Trust

20

Action40

ਤ 8: 172301-172307
80
yamada172001172002172003172004172005172008

20

100
0
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Action80ਤ 12: 172001-172008 1000 ΞΫγϣϯ
Trust

60
100

40
80
yamada152701152004152006152007152010152011

0
0

80

60

100

200

300

400

500

Trust

20

Action40

ਤ 9: 152701-152011
80
yamada172026172027172028172029172030172031

20

100
0
0

100

200

300

400

500

600

700

Action80

ਤ 13: 172026-172031 700 ΞΫγϣϯ
Trust

60
100
40
80
yamada152012152013152016152017152019152024

0
0

60

100

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300

400

500

Action

Trust

20

80

40

ਤ 10: 152012-152024

80
yamada172301172303172304172305172306172307

20
100
0
0

100

200

300

400

500

600

700

Action80

ਤ 14: 172301-172307 700 ΞΫγϣϯ
Trust

60

࣍ʹᮢ஋ 80 ΛԼճΔฏ‫ۉ‬ΞΫγϣϯ਺Λ‫͢ࢉܭ‬Δɻ
40ͦΕͧΕͷϩάσʔλΛ DPTM Ͱ‫͠ࢉܭ‬ɼᮢ஋ 80 ΛԼճͬͨΒ Trust ஋Λ 100ɼಈతύϥϝʔλ αi = αi080yamada1520251520261520271523021529022000ʹ໭͠࠶ͼ‫͢ࢉܭ‬Δͱ͍͏‫ࢉܭ‬ΛϩάσʔλͷऴΓ·Ͱଓ͚ɼฏ‫ۉ‬ɼඪ४ภࠩΛ‫͢ࢉܭ‬ΔɻਓʹΑΓϩάσʔ
100

200

300
Actionਤ 11: 152025-152902

400

500

λͷྔ͸·ͪ·͕ͪͩ, 80 ΛԼճΔͷʹ͔͔ΔΞΫγϣ
ϯ਺ͷฏ‫ۉ‬, ඪ४ภࠩΛ‫݁ͨ͠ࢉܭ‬Ռɼશମฏ‫ۉ‬͸ 78➨୍ᕤᴗ኱Ꮫ◊✲ሗ࿌ࠉ➨ྕࠉ ΞΫγϣϯɼඪ४ภࠩ͸ 48 ΞΫγϣϯͱͳͬͨɻઌߦ
‫[ ڀݚ‬2] Ͱ͸ଞਓͱ൑ఆ͢Δ·Ͱͷฏ‫ۉ‬ΞΫγϣϯ਺͕Ҏ্ͷ݁Ռ͔Βɼߦಈతಛ௃Λ༻͍ͨ‫ܧ‬ଓೝূΞϧΰϦζϜ DPTM ͸༗༻Ͱ͋Δͱ݁࿦͚ͮΔɻ

252 ΞΫγϣϯͱ͍͏͜ͱͳͷͰɼ͜Εͱൺֱͯ͠΋ඇৗʹྑ͍݁Ռ͕ಘΒΕ͍ͯΔɻͳ͓ɼ78 ΞΫγϣϯ
Λ࣌ؒʹ‫͢ࢉ׵‬ΔͱʢͲͷΑ͏ͳૢ࡞Λߦ͍ͬͯΔ͔ʹ΋ΑΔ͕ʣ1 ෼ऑఔ౓Ͱ͋Δɻ

6. ࠓ‫ޙ‬ͷ՝୊ࠓճ͸े෼ͳϩάσʔλ͕ऩूͰ͖ͨචऀͷϓϩϑΝ
ΠϧͷΈͰ‫ূݕ‬Λߦ͕ͬͨɼࠓ‫ޙ‬͸ଞͷਓͷϓϩϑΝ

͞ΒʹɼͲͷಛ௃ྔ͕ Trust ஋ T ͷมಈʹେ͖͔͔͘ΘΔ͔Λ‫ݟ‬ΔͨΊʹɼҎԼͷྔʹΑΔ Trust ஋ T ͷ
มԽྔ ΔT ͷฏ‫ۉ‬ɼඪ४ภࠩΛ‫͢ࢉܭ‬ΔɻΠϧͰ΋ಉ༷ͷ݁Ռ͕ಘΒΕΔ͔‫͢ূݕ‬Δඞཁ͕͋Δɻ
·ͨࠓճ࢖༻ͨ͠ύϥϝʔλͷ஋͸ɼԿ͔ͷࠜ‫جʹڌ‬͍ܾͮͯΊΒΕͨ஋Ͱ͸ͳ͍ͨΊ࠷దͱ͸‫ݶ‬Βͳ͍ɻࠓ‫ޙ‬ɼߋͳΔ࣮‫ݧ‬Λߦ͍ɼద੾ͳύϥϝʔλܾఆͷํ๏• KeyHT : ֤Ωʔͷ KHT ʹΑΔ ΔT ͷฏ‫ۉ‬ΛߟҊ͢Δඞཁ͕͋Δɻ

• KeyDA : KPRɼKPPɼKRPɼKRP ʹΑΔ ΔT ͷ
ฏ‫ۉ‬

ँࣙ

• Click : MHT ʹΑΔ ΔT ͷฏ‫ۉ‬• DoubleClick : MPR, MPP, MRP, MPP ʹΑΔ
ΔT ͷฏ‫ۉ‬PC ૢ࡞ϩάσʔλऩूʹ‫͍͍ͨͩͨͯ͠ྗڠ‬ୈҰ޻‫ۀ‬େֶ৘ใిࢠγεςϜ޻ֶՊͷֶੜʹର͠ɼ‫͠ه‬ͯ‫ँײ‬ͷҙΛද͢Δɻ

• Move : MAD, MAS, MCL, MCS ʹΑΔ ΔT ͷฏ‫ۉ‬ࢀߟจ‫ݙ‬• Drag : MDD ʹΑΔ ΔT ͷฏ‫ۉ‬[1] T. Yamada, W. Motoyama, S. Fukumoto, M.
Kashima, K. Sato, M. Watanabe, “ Proposal of‫݁ࢉܭ‬Ռ͕ɼද 1 Ͱ͋Δɻද 1 Λ‫ݟ‬ΔͱɼKeyHT ʹ
ΑΔ Trust ஋ͷมԽྔ ΔT ͕Ұ൪େ͖͘ɼMoveɼDragʹΑΔ Trust ஋ͷมԽྔ ΔT ͸খ͍͜͞ͱ͕Θ͔Δɻ
࣮ࡍɼਤ 12ʙਤ 14 ͷ Trust ஋͕ͳ͔ͳ͔མͪͳ͔ͬͨ
ਓͷϩάσʔλΛ֬ೝͯ͠ΈΔͱɼͳ͔ͳ͔མͪͳ͍

DPTM Algorithm for Continuous Authentication
Using Probability Distribution ”, 2018 RISP International Workshop on Nonlinear Circuits, Communications and Signal ProcessingʢNCSP2018ʣ,proc. of NCSP2018, pp.463-466, 2018෦෼ͷૢ࡞͸Ϛ΢εͷҠಈ͔͠ߦ͍ͬͯͳ͔ͬͨɻ
ද 1: Trust ஋ͷมԽྔ ΔT ͷฏ‫ͱۉ‬ඪ४ภࠩ[2] S.Mondal, P.Bours, “ A study on continuous authentication using a combination of keystroke andmouse biometrics ” Neurocomputing, Vol. 230,
pp.1-22, 2017

ฏ‫ۉ‬

ඪ४ภࠩ

KeyHT

−0.84

0.19

KeyDA

−0.30

0.15

[3] Ѩ‫ࠜٱ‬জ঵ɼ૿ాҰ‫ܟ‬ɼ“ Ωʔૢ࡞ɾϚ΢εૢ࡞ʹ

Click

−0.29

0.26

ΑΔ‫ܧ‬ଓೝূʹؔ͢Δ‫” ڀݚ‬ɼୈҰ޻‫ۀ‬େֶ ଔ‫ۀ‬

DoubleClick

−0.44

0.23

࿦จɼ2018

Move−0.049

0.059

Drag

−0.0790.093

5. ·ͱΊ
ຊ‫ڀݚ‬͸ɼߦಈతಛ௃Λ༻͍ͨ‫ܧ‬ଓೝূΞϧΰϦζ
Ϝ DPTM ͷ༗༻ੑʹ͍ͭͯ‫ূݕ‬Λߦͬͨɻे෼ͳϩάσʔλ͕ऩूͰ͖ͨචऀͷϓϩϑΝΠϧΛ༻͍ͯɼ48 ਓ෼ͷϩάσʔλʢචऀͷϩάσʔλ΋‫ؚ‬ΉʣΛ DPTM
Ͱ‫͜ͱͨ͠ࢉܭ‬ΖɼචऀΛআ͘ 47 ਓશͯͷϩάσʔλʹ͓͍ͯଞਓͱ൑ఆ͢Δ͜ͱ͕֬ೝͰ͖ͨɻଞਓͱ൑
ఆ͢Δ·Ͱʹ͔͔ͬͨฏ‫ۉ‬ΞΫγϣϯ਺͸ 78 ΞΫγϣϯʢඪ४ภࠩ 48 ΞΫγϣϯʣͰɼઌߦ‫Ͱڀݚ‬ͷ 252 ΞΫγϣϯͱൺֱͯ͠΋ඇৗʹྑ͍݁Ռ͕ಘΒΕͨɻ
 

⮬ື㌴᳨ᰝไᗘࡢᙺ๭࡜⌧≧௬ᒇ Ꮥ஧
➨୍ᕤᴗ኱Ꮫ ᶵᲔࢩࢫࢸ࣒ᕤᏛ⛉ ࠛ899-4395 㮵ඣᓥ┴㟝ᓥᕷᅜศ୰ኸ 1-10-2
E-mail: k-kariya@daiichi-koudai.ac.jp

The role and status of the automobile inspection system
Kohji KARIYA
Department of Mechanical systems Engineering,Daiichi Institute of Technology
1-10-2 Kokubu-chuoh, Kirishima-city,Kagoshima-pre,899-4395,Japan

Abstract: This paper describes the role and status of the automobile inspection system. This paper introduces
experimental data about registration and inspection of automobiles, which is the role of the automobile inspection
system based on the Road Transport Vehicle Law. I propose necessity and importance of domestic automobile
inspection system. I concluded that the automobile inspection system based on the Road Transport Vehicle Law
contributes to the development of the automobile society such as long-term use, environmental conservation, andreduction of traffic accidents.
Key words: Automobile inspection system, Road Transport Vehicle Law, Registration system, Traffic accident

1. ࡣࡌࡵ࡟

㢟ࡣ㸪ࡑࡢከࡃࡀ⩦័໬ࡋ࡚࠾ࡾ㸪⤌⧊ⓗ࡟⾜ࢃࢀ ⮬ື㌴ࡢ᪂ࡓ࡞⎔ቃつไ㸦CO2 ᤼ฟ㔞㸧࡟㛵ࡍࡿ࡚࠸ࡓࡼ࠺࡛࠶ࡿ㸬ᅜෆࡢ⮬ື㌴࣓࣮࣮࢝ࡣ㛗ᖺ㸪ⲡ᱌ࢆḢᕞጤဨ఍㸦European Commission㸧ࡀ 2017

㧗ရ㉁ࢆࣈࣛࣥࢻຊ࡜ࡋ࡚㈍኎ࢆఙࡤࡋ࡚ࡁࡓ⤒⦋

ᖺ 11 ᭶ 8 ᪥࡟Ⓨ⾲ࡋࡓ㸬஌⏝㌴࡜ᑠᆺၟ⏝㌴ࡢ 1kmࡀ࠶ࡿࡀ㸪௒ᅇࡢၥ㢟ࡣࡇࡢಙ㢗ࢆ᰿ᗏ࠿ࡽそࡋࡓ㉮⾜ᙜࡓࡾࡢ CO2 ᤼ฟ㔞ࢆ 2025 ᖺ࡟ 2021 ᖺẚ࡛࡜࠸ࡗ࡚ࡼ࠸㸬ࠕ⌧ሙ୺⩏ࠖࡢᐇ㊶ࢆᨵࡵ࡚ᚭᗏࡍࡿ

15%㸪2030 ᖺ࡟ྠ 30%ῶࡽࡍ┠ᶆࢆᥖࡆࡿ㸬ᚲせࡀ࠶ࡿ࡜⪃࠼ࡿ㸬 ࡇࢀࢆཷࡅ࡚㸪Ḣᕞ⮬ື㌴ᕤᴗ఍㸦ACEA㸧ࡣ㸪ࡇࢀࡽࡢ஦ែࢆཷࡅᅜᅵ஺㏻┬ࡣ㸪୧♫࡟෌Ⓨ㜵

2030 ᖺࡢ 30%๐ῶࡢ┠ᶆ࡟ᑐࡋ࡚㸪ࠕ㐣ᗘ࡟ᣮᡓⓗࠖṆ⟇ࡢᚭᗏࢆồࡵࡿ࡜࡜ࡶ࡟㸪୙ṇࡀ┦ḟ࠸ࡔ⮬ື࡜ࡢぢ᪉ࢆ♧ࡋ㸪๐ῶᖜࢆ 20%࡟࡜࡝ࡵࡿࡇ࡜ࢆồ㌴᳨ᰝไᗘࡢぢ┤ࡋࡶ᳨ウࡍࡿࡇ࡜࡟ࡋ࡚࠸ࡿ㸬ࡵࡓ㸬ຍ࠼࡚㸪2025 ᖺ࡟ 15㸣๐ῶࡢ┠ᶆࢆタᐃࡍࡿ ᪥ᮏ࡟࠾ࡅࡿ⌧ᅾࡢ᳨ᰝไᗘࡣ㸪ࠕ㐨㊰㐠㏦㌴୧᱌࡟ᑐࡋ࡚ࡶྰᐃⓗ࡞ぢゎࢆ♧ࡋࡓ㸬2015 ᖺ㸪ࢻ࢖ἲࠖࢆ᰿ᣐ࡟ࡋ࡚ᐇ᪋ࡉࢀ࡚࠸ࡿ㸬㐨㊰㐠㏦㌴୧ἲ

ࢶ Volkswagen ♫࡟ࡼࡿ᤼࢞ࢫ୙ṇၥ㢟ࡀⓎぬࡋୡࡣ㸪㌴୧࡟㛵ࡋࡓᡤ᭷ᶒ࡟ࡘ࠸࡚ࡢබドࢆ⾜࠸㸪࡞⏺ࢆᦂࡿࡀࡋࡓࡀ㸪Ḣᕞࡣ⌮᝿࡜⌧ᐇࡢ஋㞳࡟ⱞࡋࡽࡧ࡟Ᏻ඲ᛶࡢ☜ಖࡸබᐖࡢ㜵Ṇ࠾ࡼࡧᩚഛ࡟ࡘ࠸

ࢇ࡛࠸ࡿࡼ࠺࡟ᛮ࠼ࡿ㸬࡚ࡢᢏ⾡ྥୖࢆᅗࡿࡓࡵ࡟㸪1951 ᖺ࡟ไᐃࡉࢀࡓ㸬 ᪥ᮏࡢ⮬ື㌴ᴗ⏺࡛ࡶ 2017 ᖺ⛅㸪SUBARU㸦ࢫࡲࡓ㸪࠶ࢃࡏ࡚ᩚഛ஦ᴗࡢ೺඲࡞Ⓨᒎࡶ┠ⓗ࡜ࡋ࡚ࣂࣝ㸧࡜᪥⏘⮬ື㌴࡛↓㈨᱁⪅࡟ࡼࡿ᏶ᡂ㌴᳨ᰝၥ

වࡡ࡚࠸ࡿ 1)㸬㢟ࡀ᫂ࡿࡳ࡟ฟࡓ㸬ࡉࡽ࡟㸪」ᩘࡢ⣲ᮦ࣓࣮࣮࡛࢝ ࡑࡇ࡛ᮏ✏࡛ࡣ㸪㐨㊰㐠㏦㌴୧ἲ࡟ᇶ࡙ࡃ᳨ᰝไ

ࡶရ㉁ࢹ࣮ࢱࡢᨵࡊࢇ࡞࡝ࡢ୙ṇࡀ⥆ࡁ㸪࠸ࡘࡋ࠿ᗘࡢព⩏࡜⮬ື㌴♫఍࡟ᑐࡍࡿᙺ๭ࢆᴫㄝࡋ㸪⥅⥆୙ṇࢆᇙἐࡉࡏ࡚ࡋࡲ࠺㛗ᖺࡢ័⾜ࡢᜍࢁࡋࡉࢆぢ᳨ᰝయไࡢᐇែ࡜᳨ᰝไᗘࡢᡂᯝࢆ⤂௓ࡍࡿ㸬ࡏࡘࡅࡓ㸬ࡇࢀࡽࡢ❧࡚⥆ࡅ࡟㉳ࡁࡓရ㉁୙ṇࡢၥ➨୍ᕤᴗ኱Ꮫ◊✲ሗ࿌ࠉ➨ྕࠉ 2. 㐨㊰㐠㏦㌴୧ἲࡢព⩏ᶒࢆබドࡋ㸪➨୕⪅ᑐᢠせ௳ࢆ୚࠼ࡿࡇ࡜࡟ࡼࡾ㸪᪥ᮏࡣୡ⏺࡛ࡶ᭷ᩘࡢ⮬ື㌴⏕⏘ᅜ࡛࠶ࡾ㸪⮬ື࣮ࣘࢨ࣮ࡢᡤ᭷ᶒࢆಖㆤࡋ㸪㌴࡟ࡘ࠸࡚ࡢἲⓗᏳᐃ㌴ࡢᬑཬࡣ┠ぬࡲࡋ࠸ࡶࡢࡀ࠶ࡿ㸬ᖹᡂ 27 ᖺ 3 ᭶ᛶࢆ☜ಖࡍࡿࡇ࡜ࡀ࡛ࡁ㸪ࡇࢀࢆ࣮࣋ࢫ࡟㸪⮬ື㌴

ᮎࡢ⮬ື㌴ಖ᭷ྎᩘࡣ 8,067 ୓ྎ㸦஌⏝ 6,052 ୓ྎ㸪

ࡢὶ㏻ࡢᏳᐃ࡜෇⁥໬ࡀᅗࡽࢀࡿ㸬⾜ᨻⓏ㘓ࡢᛶ᱁㈌≀⏝ 1,465 ୓ྎ㸪ࡑࡢ௚ 550 ୓ྎ㸧࡟㐩ࡋ࡚࠾ࡾ㸪࡜ࡋ࡚ࡣ㸪ࢼࣥࣂ࣮ࣉ࣮ࣞࢺࢆ஺௜ࡋ㸪⮬ື㌴ࡢ㆑

ࡇࡢ 10 ᖺ㛫࡛⣙ 238 ୓ྎቑຍࡋ࡚࠸ࡿ㸬୰࡛ࡶ㸪ูࢆྍ⬟࡟ࡍࡿ࡜ྠ᫬࡟㸪ಶࠎࡢ⮬ື㌴ࡢಖ᭷ᐇែ

㍍⮬ື㌴ᩘࡢቑຍࡀ኱ࡁࡃ㸪๓ᖺ࡟ẚ࡭࡚ 2.1%ࡢቑࢆ⾜ᨻⓗ࡟ᢕᥱࡍࡿࡇ࡜ࡀ࡛ࡁࡿ㸬ຍ࡛࠶ࡿ 2)㸬Ⓩ㘓㌴࡜㍍⮬ື㌴ࡢಖ᭷ྎᩘࡢ᥎⛣ࢆ ḟ࡟㸪⮬ື㌴ࡢ᳨ᰝ࡛ࡣ㸪⮬ື㌴ࡢᵓ㐀࣭⿦⨨ࢆ

ᅗ 1 ࡟♧ࡍ 3)㸬⮬ື㌴࡜⤒῭࣭⏕ά࡜ࡢ⤖ࡧࡘࡁࡣ㸪ᐃᮇⓗ࡟ࢳ࢙ࢵࢡࡍࡿࡇ࡜࡟ࡼࡾ㸪⮬ື㌴ࡢᏳ඲ࢆ㌴♫఍ࡢᡂ㛗࡜࡜ࡶ࡟୍ᒙᙉࡃ࡞ࡗ࡚࠾ࡾ㸪ྠ᫬࡟☜ಖࡋ㸪බᐖࢆ㜵Ṇࡍࡿ࡜࡜ࡶ࡟෇⁥࡞㐨㊰஺㏻ࡢ⮬ື㌴࡟㛵ࡍࡿ⾜ᨻࡢẚ㔜ࡶ㧗ࡲࡗ࡚࠸ࡿ㸬☜ಖ࡜┬࢚ࢿࣝࢠ࣮໬ࢆ┠ⓗ࡜ࡋ࡚࠸ࡿ㸬⮬ື㌴ࢆ

 ࡑࡇ࡛㸪⮬ື㌴ࢆ᳨ᰝࡋⓏ㘓ࡍࡿࡇ࡜࡟ࡼࡾ㸪⮬Ᏻ඲࠿ࡘබᐖࢆࡶࡓࡽࡉ࡞࠸≧ែ࡟⥔ᣢࡋ࡚࠾ࡃࡇ

ື㌴ࡢᏳ඲☜ಖ࣭බᐖ㜵Ṇࡀᅗࡽࢀࡿ࡜࡜ࡶ࡟㸪ಶࠎ࡜ࡣ㸪౑⏝⪅ࡢ♫఍ⓗ㈐ົ࡜࠸࠼㸪㐨㊰㐠㏦㌴୧ἲࡢ⮬ື㌴ࡢ㆑ูࡀྍ⬟࡜࡞ࡾ㸪ᡤ᭷ཬࡧ౑⏝ࡢᐇែ࡛ࡣ㸪ࠕ㐨㊰㐠㏦㌴୧ࡢಖᏳᇶ‽ࠖࢆᐃࡵ㸪ࡇࡢಖᏳࡀไᗘⓗ࡟ᢕᥱࡉࢀࡿࡼ࠺࡟ࠕ㐨㊰㐠㏦㌴୧ἲ࡛ࠖᇶ‽࡟ᖖ᫬㐺ྜࡉࡏࡿࡇ࡜ࢆ⩏ົ࡙ࡅ࡚࠸ࡿ㸬つᐃࡉࢀ࡚࠸ࡿ㸬ࡲࡓ㸪⮬ື㌴ࡣ㉮⾜ࡍࡿࡇ࡜ࡸ౑⏝ᮇ㛫ࡢ⤒㐣➼ࡇࡢ㐨㊰㐠㏦㌴୧ἲ࡟ᇶ࡙ࡃᙺ๭ࡣ㸪⮬ື㌴ࡢⓏ㘓࡜᳨ᰝ࡟኱ู࡛ࡁࡿ㸬࡟కࡗ࡚ࡑࡢᵓ㐀࣭⿦⨨ࡢຎ໬㸪ᦶ⪖ࢆࡉࡅࡿࡇ࡜
ࡣ࡛ࡁ࡞࠸㸬ࡇࡢࡓࡵ㸪⮬ື㌴ࡢㅖඖ㸦኱ࡁࡉ㸪㔜㔞㸪᤼Ẽ㔞➼㸧ࡢ☜ㄆ࡜Ᏻ඲ࡢ☜ಖ㸪බᐖࡢ㜵Ṇࢆ

஦Ⓩ㘓࡜⮬ື㌴ࡢಖ᭷ᐇែࡢᢕᥱ࡜࠸࠺⾜ᨻⓏ㘓ࡢไᗘⓗ࡟ᢸಖࡍࡿࡓࡵ㸪⮬ື㌴ࡢྠ୍ᛶ࡜ಖᏳᇶ‽஧ࡘࡢ┠ⓗࡀ࠶ࡿ㸬Ẹ஦Ⓩ㘓ࡢᛶ᱁࡜ࡋ࡚ࡣ㸪ᡤ᭷㐺ྜᛶ࡟ࡘ࠸࡚ᐃᮇⓗ࡟᳨ᰝࢆᐇ᪋ࡍࡿᚲせࡀ࠶ࡿ㸬ẚ  ⋡

ྎ  ᩘ 㸦୓ྎ㸧ࡲࡎ㸪⮬ື㌴ࡢⓏ㘓࡛ࡣ㸪ᡤ᭷ᶒࡢබド࡜࠸࠺Ẹᖺ  ᗘ
ᅗ 1 Ⓩ㘓㌴࡜㍍⮬ື㌴ࡢಖ᭷ྎᩘࡢ᥎⛣௬ᒇ㸸⮬ື㌴᳨ᰝไᗘࡢᙺ๭࡜⌧≧

3. ᳨ᰝไᗘࡢᙺ๭

ࢆᐃ⩏ࡋ࡚࠸ࡿ㸬⾲ 1 ࡟⮬ື㌴᳨ᰝไᗘࡢ✀㢮࡜ෆ 㐨㊰㐠㏦㌴୧ἲ࡟ࠕ⮬ື㌴ࡣࡑࡢᵓ㐀ཬࡧ⿦⨨ࡀᐜ㸪⾲ 2 ࡟ྛ✀᳨ᰝ௳ᩘࡢ᥎⛣ࢆ♧ࡍ 2) 3)㸬ᖺ㛫ࡢ

ᅜᅵ஺㏻┬࡛ᐃࡵࡿಖᏳୖࡲࡓࡣබᐖ㜵Ṇࡢᢏ⾡ᇶⓏ㘓㌴࡜㍍⮬ື㌴ࡢྜィ᪂つ᳨ᰝࡣ 650 ୓ྎ㸪ᵓ㐀‽࡟㐺ྜࡍࡿࡶࡢ࡛࡞ࡅࢀࡤ㐠⾜ࡢ⏝࡟౪ࡋ࡚ࡣ࡞

➼ኚ᭦᳨ᰝࡣ 76,000 ྎᐇ᪋ࡉࢀ㸪⥅⥆᳨ᰝྎᩘࡣ

ࡽ࡞࠸ࠖ࡜グ㏙ࡉࢀ㸪㐨㊰㐠㏦㌴୧࡟ࡣಖᏳᇶ‽ࡀ

3,200 ୓ྎࢆ㉸࠼ࡿྎᩘ࡛࠶ࡿ㸬࡞࠾㸪୍⯡࣮ࣘࢨᐃࡵࡽࢀ࡚࠸ࡿ㸬ᮏಖᏳᇶ‽࡛ࡣ㸪ᇶ‽ࡢ㐺⏝⠊ᅖ㸪࣮ࡀᡤ᭷ࡋ࡚࠸ࡿ㌴୧࡟ᑐࡋ࡚㌴᳨࡜࿧ࢇ࡛࠸ࡿ᳨⿦ഛせ௳㸪ᛶ⬟せ௳ࢆᐃࡵ࡚࠸ࡓࡀ㸪ᖹᡂ 14 ᖺ࡟ᰝࡣ㸪ࠕ⥅⥆᳨ᰝࠖࡢࡇ࡜࡛࠶ࡿ㸬ࡣಖᏳᇶ‽࡛ࡣᇶ‽ࡢ㐺⏝⠊ᅖ㸪⿦ഛせ௳ࡢࡳࢆつ ⌧ᅾ㸪᳨ᰝ࡜Ⅼ᳨ᩚഛࡢ㡰ᗎࡣၥࢃࢀ࡞࠸ࡶࡢࡢ㸪ᐃࡋ㸪࿌♧㸦㐨㊰㐠㏦㌴୧ࡢಖᏳᇶ‽ࡢ⣽┠ࢆᐃࡵ᳨ᰝࡣᑗ᮶࡟ࢃࡓࡗ࡚ࡢᏳ඲ࢆಖ㞀ࡉࢀࡿࡶࡢ࡛ࡣ

ࡿ࿌♧㸧࡟࡚ᛶ⬟せ௳ࢆつᐃࡍࡿࡼ࠺ᩚ⌮ࡀ⾜ࢃࢀ࡞࠸ 4)㸬࠶ࡃࡲ࡛ࡶ᳨ᰝ᫬ࡢ㌴୧≧ែࡀಖᏳᇶ‽࡟ࡓ㸬㐺ྜࡋ࡚࠸ࡿ࠿ྰ࠿ࡢุูࢆ⾜࠺ࡶࡢ࡛࠶ࡿ㸬ࡋ࠿ ࡇࡢಖᏳᇶ‽࡜ࡢ㐺ྜᛶࢆ☜ㄆࡍࡿไᗘ࡜ࡋ᳨࡚

ࡋ㸪᳨ᰝ࡟ࡼࡗ࡚㌴୧ࡢᏳ඲ࡸ⎔ቃ⥔ᣢࡢᶵ⬟ࢆ☜ᰝไᗘࡀ࠶ࡾ㸪ᐇ᪋᪉ἲ࡜ࡋ࡚㸪ࠕ᪂つ᳨ᰝࠖ
㸪ࠕ⥅⥆ㄆࡍࡿࡇ࡜ࡀ㸪⌧௦♫఍࡟࠾ࡅࡿ⮬ື㌴ࡢ༨ࡵࡿᙺ

᳨ᰝࠖ㸪ࠕ⮫᫬᳨ᰝࠖ
㸪ࠕᵓ㐀➼ኚ᭦᳨ᰝࠖ
㸪ࠕணഛ᳨ᰝࠖ

๭ࢆྥୖࡉࡏ࡚࠸ࡿ࡜⪃࠼ࡽࢀࡿ㸬⾲ 1 ⮬ື㌴᳨ᰝไᗘࡢ✀㢮࡜ෆᐜ᳨ᰝࡢ✀㢮᳨ᰝࢆཷࡅࡿෆ  ᐜ

㸦㌴୧ἲ㸧

㐠㍺ᨭᒁ➼

᪂つ᳨ᰝ

᪂ࡓ࡟⮬ື㌴ࢆ౑⏝ࡍࡿ࡜ࡁ࡟ཷࡅࡿ᳨ᰝ࡛࠶ࡾ㸪᪂㌴ࡲ౑⏝ࡢᮏᣐࡢ఩⨨ࢆ㸦➨ 59 ᮲㸧ࡓࡣ୍᫬᢯ᾘࡋࡓ⮬ື㌴ࢆ෌ࡧ౑⏝ࡍࡿ࡜ࡁ࡟ཷࡅࡿ᳨ᰝ

⟶㎄ࡍࡿ㐠㍺ᨭᒁ➼⥅⥆᳨ᰝ⮬ື㌴᳨ᰝドࡢ᭷ຠᮇ㛫‶஢ᚋࡶᘬࡁ⥆ࡁ⮬ື㌴ࢆ౑⏝ࡍࡶࡼࡾࡢ㐠㍺ᨭᒁ➼㸦➨ 62 ᮲㸧ࡿ࡜ࡁ࡟ཷࡅࡿ᳨ᰝ

⮫᫬᳨ᰝ⮬ື㌴ࡢ஦ᨾࡀⴭࡋࡃ⏕ࡌ࡚࠸ࡿ➼࡟ࡼࡾ㸪ࡑࡢᵓ㐀㸪⿦㸦➨ 63 ᮲㸧⨨ࡲࡓࡣᛶ⬟ࡀಖᏳᇶ‽࡟㐺ྜࡋ࡚࠸࡞࠸࠾ࡑࢀࡀ࠶ࡿሙ

ࡶࡼࡾࡢ㐠㍺ᨭᒁ➼ྜ࡟ᅜᅵ஺㏻኱⮧ࡀᮇ㛫ࢆබ♧ࡋ࡚⾜࠺᳨ᰝᵓ㐀➼ኚ᭦᳨ᰝ

౑⏝ࡋ࡚࠸ࡿ⮬ື㌴ࡢ㛗ࡉ㸪ᖜ㸪㧗ࡉ㸪᭱኱✚㍕㔞➼࡟ኚ౑⏝ࡢᮏᣐࡢ఩⨨ࢆ㸦➨ 67 ᮲㸧᭦ࢆ⏕ࡌࡿࡼ࠺࡞ᨵ㐀ࢆࡋࡓ࡜ࡁ࡟ཷࡅࡿ᳨ᰝ

⟶㎄ࡍࡿ㐠㍺ᨭᒁ➼ணഛ᳨ᰝ㈍኎ᗑ➼ࡀ౑⏝⪅ࡢᐃࡲࡽ࡞࠸࠺ࡕ࡟ၟရ࡜ࡋ࡚ཷࡅࡿ

౑⏝ࡢᮏᣐࡢ఩⨨ࢆ㸦➨ 71 ᮲㸧᳨ᰝ⟶㎄ࡍࡿ㐠㍺ᨭᒁ➼⾲ 2 ྛ✀᳨ᰝ௳ᩘࡢ᥎⛣䚷䚷䚷䚷䚷䚷䚷䚷䚷䚷䚷䚷䚷䚷ᖺᗘ
᳨ᰝ䛾✀㢮
᪂つ᳨ᰝ
Ⓩ㘓㌴ ⥅⥆᳨ᰝᵓ㐀➼ኚ᭦᳨ᰝ
᪂つ᳨ᰝ㍍⮬ື㌴ ⥅⥆᳨ᰝᵓ㐀➼ኚ᭦᳨ᰝ

23ᖺᗘ

24ᖺᗘ

25ᖺᗘ

26ᖺᗘ

27ᖺᗘ

4,108,974
21,658,151
70,7002,117,895
10,710,212
12,505

4,323,141
21,602,844
68,6372,411,810
10,725,934
12,2694,544,653
21,122,536
65,132
2,733,983
10,999,772
12,977

4,151,476
21,129,078
63,9382,635,378
10,862,545
12,093

4,211,553
20,869,745
63,7552,287,918
11,438,434
12,113➨୍ᕤᴗ኱Ꮫ◊✲ሗ࿌ࠉ➨ྕࠉ 4. ⥅⥆᳨ᰝࡢᴫせ ࣮ࣘࢨ࣮㌴᳨࡜ࡣ㸪࣮ࣘࢨ࣮⮬㌟ࡀ㐠㍺ᨭᒁ➼࡟୍⯡࣮ࣘࢨ࣮࡟࡜ࡗ࡚ࠕ㌴᳨ࠖ࡜ࡣ㸪౑⏝㐣⛬㌴⌧㌴ࢆᣢ㎸ࡳ㸪᳨ᰝࢆཷࡅࡿ᪉ἲ࡛࠶ࡿ㸬⮬ື㌴ࡢ࡟ᑐࡍࡿࠕ⥅⥆᳨ᰝࠖ
ࢆᣦࡍࡇ࡜ࡀ࡯࡜ࢇ࡝࡛࠶ࡿ㸬Ⅼ᳨ᩚഛࡣ㸪᳨ᰝࡢ๓ࡲࡓࡣᚋ࡟࣮ࣘࢨ࣮⮬㌟ࡢ㈐ࡇࢀࡣ㸪ࠕ⥅⥆᳨ᰝࠖ௨እࡢ᳨ᰝࡣ୍⯡࣮ࣘࢨ࣮࡟࡜

௵࡛⾜࠺ᚲせࡀ࠶ࡿ㸬ࡗ࡚࡞ࡌࡳࡢⷧ࠸ࡶࡢ࡛࠶ࡿ࠿ࡽ࡛࠶ࢁ࠺㸬᪂㌴ࡸ

࣮ࣘࢨ࣮㌴᳨࡟࠾ࡅࡿ㸪⮬ື㌴ࡢᣢ㎸ࡳཬࡧ᳨ᰝ

୰ྂ㌴ࢆ㉎ධࡍࡿሙྜࡣࠕ᪂つ᳨ᰝࠖࡀᚲせ࡜࡞ࡿሙ࡛ࡢ᳨ᰝࢆᴗ⪅ࡀ௦⾜ࡋ࡚⾜࠺㌴᳨ᙧែࢆ࣮ࣘࢨ

ࡀ㸪ࡇࢀࡣ⮬ື㌴ࢹ࢕࣮ࣛࡸ⮬ື㌴㈍኎ᴗ⪅ഃ࡛ࡢ࣮㌴᳨௦⾜࡜࿧ࡤࢀ࡚࠸ࡿ㸬࣮ࣘࢨ࣮㌴᳨ྠᵝ࡟⮬ᑐᛂ࡛࠶ࡾ㸪㉎ධ⪅࠿ࡽࡍࢀࡤ⮬ື㌴ࡀබ㐨࡛㉮⾜ື㌴ࡢⅬ᳨ᩚഛࡣ㸪᳨ᰝࡢ๓ࡲࡓࡣᚋ࡟࣮ࣘࢨ࣮⮬࡛ࡁࡿ≧ែ࡛Ώࡉࢀࡿࡇ࡜ࡣᙜ↛ࡢᡭ㡰࡛࠶ࡾ㸪ᨵ㌟ࡢ㈐௵࡛⾜࠺ᚲせࡀ࠶ࡿ㸬ࡵ࡚ࠕ㌴᳨ࠖࢆព㆑ࡍࡿࡶࡢ࡛ࡣ࡞࠸࠿ࡽ࡜ᛮࢃࢀ ௨ୖࡢཷ᳨ᙧែ࡜ཷ᳨✀ู㸪ࡉࡽ࡟᳨ᰝ᫬ࡢⅬ᳨ࡿ㸬ࡑࡇ࡛㸪୍⯡࣮ࣘࢨ࣮࡟࡜ࡗ࡚࡞ࡌࡳ῝ࡃ㸪ࡲᩚഛᐇ᪋≧ἣࡣ㸪ᖹᡂ 26 ᖺ 2 ᭶ 17 ᪥㸦㍍⮬ື㌴ࡣࡓ㸪᳨ᰝไᗘࡢ࡞࠿࡛᭱ࡶฎ⌮ྎᩘࡢከ࠸⥅⥆᳨ᰝ

ᖹᡂ 27 ᖺ 1 ᭶㸧ࡼࡾ㌴᳨ドࡢഛ⪃ḍ࡟グ㍕ࡉࢀࡿ

࡟ࡘ࠸࡚ᴫせࢆ㏙࡭ࡿ㸬ࡼ࠺࡟࡞ࡗࡓ 2)㸬⮬ື㌴᳨ᰝドഛ⪃ḍ࡬ࡢグ㍕ෆᐜ

4.1 ⮬ື㌴᳨ᰝド࡜⥅⥆᳨ᰝࡢཷ᳨ᙧែ୍ぴࢆ⾲ 4 ࡟♧ࡍ㸬ࡇࢀࡣ㸪Ⅼ᳨ᩚഛࡢᐇ᪋᫬ᮇࡣ

⮬ື㌴ࡢ✀㢮࡟ࡼࡾ␗࡞ࡿ⮬ື㌴᳨ᰝドࡢ᭷ຠᮇ⥅⥆᳨ᰝࡢ๓ࡲࡓࡣᚋ࡟⾜࠺࠿ࡣ⮬ື㌴࣮ࣘࢨ࣮࡟

㛫ࢆ⾲ 3 ࡟♧ࡍ㸬⥅⥆᳨ᰝࢆཷ᳨ࡍࡿ᫬ᮇࡣ㸪⮬ືጤࡡࡽࢀ࡚࠸ࡿࡀ㸪ᐇ᪋ࡣ⩏ົ௜ࡅࡉࢀ࡚࠸ࡿࡓࡵ

㌴᳨ᰝド㸦㌴᳨ド㸧ࡢ᭷ຠᮇ㛫ࡀ‶஢ࡍࡿ᪥ࡢ 1 ⟠࣮ࣘࢨ࣮࡟ᑐࡋ㸪㌴୧ࡢᐃᮇⅬ᳨ᩚഛ≧ἣࢆᢕᥱࡋ

᭶๓࠿ࡽཷ᳨ྍ⬟࡛࠶ࡿ㸬࡚ࡶࡽ࠺ࡇ࡜ࢆ┠ⓗ࡟㸪☜ᐇ࡞Ⅼ᳨ᩚഛࡢᐇ᪋ࢆಁ

ḟ࡟㸪⥅⥆᳨ᰝࢆཷ᳨ࡍࡿ᪉ἲࡣ㸪ࠕᣦᐃᩚഛᕤሙࠖ
㸪ࡍࡶࡢ࡛࠶ࡿ㸬ࠕㄆドᩚഛᕤሙࠖ
㸪ࠕ࣮ࣘࢨ࣮㌴᳨ࠖ㸪ࠕ࣮ࣘࢨ࣮㌴᳨⾲ 3 ⮬ື㌴᳨ᰝドࡢ᭷ຠᮇ㛫௦⾜ࠖࡢ 4 ࡘࡢᙧែࡀ࠶ࡿ㸬ᣦᐃᩚഛᕤሙ࡜ࡣ㸪࠸ࢃࡺࡿẸ㛫㌴᳨ሙࡢࡇ࡜࡛㸪ㄆドᕤሙࡢ୰࡛ࡶ≉࡟᳨ᰝᶵჾࢆᣢࡕ㸪⮬ື㌴ࢆⅬ᳨ᩚഛࡍࡿࡔࡅ࡛࡞ࡃ㸪ᅜ࡟௦ࢃࡗ࡚⮬ື㌴᳨ᰝဨ
ࡀ᳨ᰝࢆ࡛ࡁࡿᕤሙࢆᣦࡍ㸬඲ᅜ࡛ 29,931 ᕤሙ㸦ᖹ
ᡂ 28 ᖺ 11 ᭶ᮎ㸧ࡀᣦᐃࡉࢀ㸪㏆ᖺࡣẖᖺ 130 ᕤሙ๓ᚋࡢ࣮࣌ࢫ࡛ቑຍࡋ࡚࠸ࡿ㸬ࡇࡢᕤሙ᳨࡛ᰝࢆཷ᭷ຠᮇ㛫⮬ື㌴䛾✀㢮

ึᅇ

౛

2ᅇ┠௨㝆

᪑ᐈ㐠㏦஦ᴗ䛾⏝䛻౪䛩䜛⮬ື㌴

1ᖺ

1ᖺ

㌴୧⥲㔜㔞8䝖䞁௨ୖ䛾㈌≀⮬ື㌴

1ᖺ1ᖺ㌴୧⥲㔜㔞8䝖䞁ᮍ‶䛾㈌≀⮬ື㌴2ᖺ1ᖺ

᭷ൾ㈚Ώ䛾チྍ䛻ಀ䜟䜛஌⏝䛾⮬ᐙ⏝⮬ື㌴

2ᖺ

1ᖺ

஌㌴ᐃဨ11ே௨ୖ䛾⮬ᐙ⏝⮬ື㌴

1ᖺ

1ᖺ

⮬ᐙ⏝䝞䝇

ᑓ䜙ᗂඣ䛾㐠㏦䜢┠ⓗ䛸䛩䜛⮬ᐙ⏝⮬ື㌴

1ᖺ

1ᖺ

ᅬඣ㏦㏄㌴
䝬䜲䜹䞊

䝍䜽䝅䞊䚸䝞䝇
኱ᆺ䝖䝷䝑䜽
䝍䞁䜽䝻䞊䝸䞊
୰䞉ᑠᆺ䝖䝷䝑䜽
䝷䜲䝖䝞䞁
䝺䞁䝍䜹䞊
䠄10ே௨ୗ䠅䚷䛭䛾௚䛾⮬ື㌴

ࡅಖᏳᇶ‽㐺ྜドࢆⓎ⾜ࡋ࡚ࡶࡽࡗࡓሙྜ㸪᳨ᰝሙ⮬ᐙ⏝஌⏝⮬ື㌴

3ᖺ

2ᖺ

஧㍯ᑠᆺ⮬ື㌴3ᖺ

2ᖺ

250䟞㉸䛾䝞䜲䜽࡬ࡢ⌧㌴ࡢᣢ㎸ࡳࢆ┬␎ࡍࡿࡇ࡜ࡀྍ⬟࡛࠶ࡾ㸪ࡇ⮬ᐙ⏝㍍㈌≀⮬ື㌴

2ᖺ

2ᖺ⮬ᐙ⏝㍍䝖䝷䝑䜽

㐠㏦஦ᴗ⏝㍍㈌≀⮬ື㌴2ᖺ2ᖺ஦ᴗ⏝㍍䝖䝷䝑䜽

኱ᆺ≉Ṧ⮬ື㌴2ᖺ2ᖺ䝣䜷䞊䜽䝸䝣䝖

≉Ṧ⮬ື㌴

2ᖺ

2ᖺ

ᩍ⩦㌴䚸ᩆᛴ㌴

ࡢⅬࡀᣦᐃᩚഛᕤሙࡢ᭱኱ࡢ࣓ࣜࢵࢺ࡛࠶ࡿ㸬 ㄆドᩚഛᕤሙ࡜ࡣ㸪࢚ࣥࢪࣥࡸࣈ࣮ࣞ࢟࡞࡝ࡢศ
ゎᩚഛࢆ஦ᴗ࡜ࡋ࡚⾜࠺ࡇ࡜ࢆᅜ࠿ࡽㄆドࢆཷࡅࡓ⾲ 4 ⮬ື㌴᳨ᰝドഛ⪃ḍࡢグ㍕ෆᐜ୍ぴᩚഛᕤሙ࡛㸪඲ᅜ࡛ 92,081 ᕤሙ㸦ᖹᡂ 28 ᖺ 11 ᭶ᮎ㸧Ꮡᅾࡍࡿ㸬ࡓࡔࡋ㸪ᣦᐃᩚഛᕤሙ࡜ࡣ㐪࠸㸪ᅜ

㡯㻌┠

グ㍕ෆᐜ

㡯㻌┠

ᣦᐃᩚഛ㌴

࡟௦ࢃࡗ᳨࡚ᰝࢆ⾜࠺ࡇ࡜ࡣ࡛ࡁ࡞࠸ࡢ࡛㸪ࡇࡇ࡛
Ⅼ᳨ᩚഛࢆ⾜ࡗࡓሙྜࡣ㸪Ⓩ㘓㌴ࡣ⮬ື㌴ᢏ⾡⥲ྜᶵᵓ㸪㍍⮬ື㌴ࡣ㍍⮬ື㌴᳨ᰝ༠఍ࡑࢀࡒࢀࡢ᳨ᰝ
ሙ࡟⌧㌴ࢆᣢࡕ㎸ࢇ᳨࡛ᰝࢆཷࡅࡿᚲせࡀ࠶ࡿ㸬ࡇࡢ᳨ᰝᙧែࡣᣢ㎸ࡳ᳨ᰝ࡜࿧ࡤࢀ࡚࠸ࡿ㸬グ㍕ෆᐜ
ᣦᐃᩚഛᕤሙㄆドᩚഛᕤሙ

ཷ᳨✀ู

ᣢ㎸᳨ᰝ㌴

ཷ᳨ᙧែ

౑⏝⪅
䛭䛾௚
䠄౑⏝⪅௨እ䛻௦⾜䛥䜜䛯ሙྜ䠅

㡯㻌┠グ㍕ෆᐜ
Ⅼ᳨ᩚഛグ㘓⡙䛒䜚
Ⅼ᳨ᩚഛグ㘓⡙䛒䜚

Ⅼ᳨ᩚഛグ㘓⡙䛺䛧᳨ᰝ᫬䛾Ⅼ᳨
Ⅼ᳨ᩚഛグ㘓⡙䛒䜚ᩚഛᐇ᪋≧ἣ
Ⅼ᳨ᩚഛグ㘓⡙䛺䛧
Ⅼ᳨ᩚഛグ㘓⡙䛒䜚
Ⅼ᳨ᩚഛグ㘓⡙䛺䛧௬ᒇ㸸⮬ື㌴᳨ᰝไᗘࡢᙺ๭࡜⌧≧4.2 ⥅⥆᳨ᰝࡢᑂᰝෆᐜ

㞷ࡢ᪥࡞࡝ࡢ‵₶᫬ࡣ㸪ไືຊ⥲࿴ࡢุᐃᇶ‽ࡀప⥅⥆᳨ᰝ࡟࠾ࡅࡿ⮬ື㌴ࡢᑂᰝࡣ㸪᳨ᰝᐁࡢどㄆῶࡉࢀࡿ㸬ᅗ 6 ࡟ࣈ᳨࣮ࣞ࢟ᰝࡢ≧ἣࢆ♧ࡍ㸬ࡸ⮬ື໬ࡉࢀࡓ᳨ᰝᶵჾࢆ⏝࠸࡚⾜ࢃࢀ࡚࠸ࡿ㸬ᖹ5) ࢫࣆ࣮ࢻ࣓࣮ࢱ᳨ᰝ

ᡂ 28 ᖺᗘࡢ⥅⥆᳨ᰝ࡟࠾ࡅࡿᣢ㎸ࡳ㌴୧ᩘࡣ㸪Ⓩ

ࢫࣆ࣮ࢻ࣓࣮ࢱࢸࢫࢱࢆ⏝࠸࡚㸪⮬ື㌴ࡢ㏿ᗘィ㘓㌴ࡣ 5,180,300 ྎ㸪㍍⮬ື㌴ࡣ 3,838,575 ྎ࡛࠶ࡀ 40km/h ࢆᣦ♧ࡋࡓ᫬ࡢࢫࣆ࣮ࢻ࣓࣮ࢱࢸࢫࢱ࡜

ࡗࡓ㸬ࡑࡢ࠺ࡕ୙㐺ྜ㸦෌᳨㸧㌴୧ྎᩘࡣ㸪Ⓩ㘓㌴ࡢㄗᕪࢆ᳨ᰝࡍࡿ㸬ࣈ࣮ࣞ࢟࡜ࢫࣆ࣮ࢻࡢ ᐃࡀ」

670,462 ྎ㸦෌᳨⋡ 12.9%㸧
㸪㍍⮬ື㌴ 465,026 ྎྜࡉࢀࡓࢥࣥࣅࢿ࣮ࢩࣙࣥࢸࢫࢱࢆᅗ 7 ࡟♧ࡍ㸬㸦෌᳨⋡ 12.1%㸧࡛࠶ࡿ 3) 5)㸬

6) ࣊ࢵࢻࣛ࢖ࢺ᳨ᰝ

 ᅗ 2 ࡟㍍⮬ື㌴᳨ᰝ༠఍ࡢ᳨ᰝሙ 3 ࣛ࢖ࣥධཱྀ㸪ᅗ 3 ࡟᳨ᰝࣛ࢖ࣥ඲యࡢᵝᏊࢆ♧ࡍ㸬
㍍⮬ື㌴᳨ᰝ༠఍ࡢ᳨ᰝሙ࡟࡚ᐇ᪋ࡉࢀࡿᣢ㎸ࡳ࣊ࢵࢻࣛ࢖ࢺࢸࢫࢱࢆ⏝࠸࡚㸪࣊ࢵࢻࣛ࢖ࢺࡢ↷ᑕගᗘ࡜ග㍈ࡢྥࡁࡀᇶ‽ࢆ‶ࡓࡋ࡚࠸ࡿ࠿᳨ᰝࡍ
ࡿ㸬⌧ᅾ㸦ᖹᡂ 30 ᖺ 1 ᭶㸧ࡣ㸪ࡍࢀ㐪࠸⏝๓↷ⅉ⥅⥆᳨ᰝ࡟࠾ࡅࡿ୺࡞ᑂᰝෆᐜࢆ௨ୗ࡟♧ࡍ㸬࡜㉮⾜⏝๓↷ⅉࡢ࡝ࡕࡽ࠿ࡀุᐃᇶ‽࡟㐺ྜࡍࢀࡤ1) ྠ୍ᛶࡢ☜ㄆྜ᱁࡜࡞ࡿ 6)㸬ᅗ 8 ࡟࣊ࢵࢻࣛ࢖ࢺࢸࢫࢱ㸪ᅗ 9 ࡟⮬ື㌴ࡀ᪂つ᳨ᰝ᫬࡜┦㐪ࢆ☜ㄆࡍࡿࡓࡵ㸪࢚ࣥࢪ࣮࣒ࣥࣝෆࡢ㌴ྎ␒ྕ㸪ཎືᶵᆺᘧ࡞࡝ࡀ㌴᳨ドࡸ᳨ᰝ⚊࡞࡝ࡢ⏦ㄳ᭩㢮࡜ྠ୍࠿࡝࠺࠿ࢆㄪ࡭ࡿ㸬2) እほ᳨ᰝ
㌴ࢃࡃ㸦ࢩࣕࢩ㸧࣭㌴య㸪஌㌴⿦⨨㸦ࢩ࣮ࢺ࣋ࣝࢺ
➼㸧㸪ಖᏳ⿦⨨㸦ࢡࣛࢡࢩࣙࣥ➼㸧㸪㉮⾜⿦⨨㸦ࢱ࢖ࣖ➼㸧㸪ⅉⅆჾ㢮㸦࢘࢖࣮ࣥ࢝➼㸧࡞࡝࡟ࡘ࠸࡚㸪᳨ᰝ⏝ࣁ࣐࣮ࣥࡸ┠ど࡟ࡼࡗ࡚እほ᳨ᰝࡍࡿ㸬࣊ࢵࢻࣛ࢖ࢺ᳨ᰝࡢ≧ἣࢆ♧ࡍ㸬7) ᤼Ẽ࢞ࢫ᳨ᰝ
CO࣭HC ࢸࢫࢱࢆ⏝࠸࡚㸪᤼Ẽ࢞ࢫ୰ࡢ୍㓟໬Ⅳ⣲㸦CO㸧
㸪Ⅳ໬Ỉ⣲㸦HC㸧⃰ᗘࢆ᳨ᰝࡍࡿ㸬ᅗ 10
࡟ CO࣭HC ࢸࢫࢱࢆ♧ࡍ㸬8) ୗᅇࡾ᳨ᰝ
⮬ື㌴ࡢୗᅇࡾࢆ㸪๓ᚋ࣭ᕥྑ࡟ࢱ࢖ࣖࢆᦂࡍࡾ㸪⤒㦂ࢆ✚ࢇࡔ᳨ᰝᐁࡀ᳨ᰝ⏝ࣁ࣐࣮ࣥ➼࡟ࡼࡿᡴ≉࡟㸪ᖹᡂ 29 ᖺ 2 ᭶࡟⮬ື㌴ᢏ⾡⥲ྜᶵᵓࡼࡾ㡢࣭┠ど➼࡛㸪࠿ࡌྲྀ⿦⨨㸪⦆⾪⿦⨨㸦ࢧࢫ࣌ࣥࢩ

ᑂᰝ᫬࡟࠾ࡅࡿ㌴୧≧ែࡢつ⛬ࡢぢ┤ࡋࡀ⾜ࢃࢀ㸪ࣙࣥ㸧ไື⿦⨨㸦ࣈ࣮ࣞ࢟㸧㸪ཎືᶵ㸦࢚ࣥࢪࣥ㸧㸪ཎືᶵࡢసື୰࡟⥅⥆ࡋ࡚ࢸࣝࢸ࣮ࣝ㸦ཎືᶵ࣭ືຊఏ㐩⿦⨨㸦࣑ࢵࢩࣙࣥ㸪ࢹࣇ㸪ࢻࣛ࢖ࣈࢩࣕࣇ

ABS࣭࢚࢔ࣂࢵࢢ࣭ࣈ࣮ࣞ࢟࡞࡝ࡢ㆙࿌ⅉ㸧ࡀⅬⅉࢺ➼㸧㌴ࢃࡃ㸦ࢩࣕࢩ࣭㌴య㸪࣐ࣇ࣮ࣛ㸪⇞ᩱࢱࣥࡋ࡚࠸ࡿሙྜ࡟ࡣ㸪ࡑࡢ⿦⨨࡟ಀࡿᶵ⬟ࡀᇶ‽࡟㐺ࢡ㸧࡞࡝ࢆ᳨ᰝࡍࡿ㸬ᅗ 11 ࡟ୗᅇࡾ᳨ᰝ⏝ࣜࣇࢺྜࡋ࡞࠸ࡶࡢ࡜࡞ࡗࡓ㸬ᅗ 4 ࡟᳨ᰝᐁ࡟ࡼࡿྠ୍ᛶ

࡜ᅗ 12 ࡟᳨ᰝᐁ࡟ࡼࡿୗᅇࡾ᳨ᰝࡢᵝᏊࢆ♧ࡍ㸬ࡢ☜ㄆ࡜እほ᳨ᰝࡢᵝᏊࢆ♧ࡍ㸬9) ⥲ྜุᐃ

3) ࢧ࢖ࢻࢫࣜࢵࣉ᳨ᰝ
ࢧ࢖ࢻࢫࣜࢵࣉࢸࢫࢱࢆ⏝࠸࡚㸪࠿ࡌྲྀࡾ㌴㍯ࡢ

ୖグ 1㸧㹼8㸧࡛⾜ࢃࢀࡓ᳨ᰝ⤖ᯝࢆ⥲ྜⓗ࡟ุᐃࡋ㸪࠶ࢃࡏ࡚ᚲせ᭩㢮ࡢ☜ㄆࢆࡋ࡚᪂ࡓ࡞㌴᳨ドࢆᩚิ≧ែ㸦┤㐍≧ែ࡛ࡢࢱ࢖ࣖࡢᶓ⁥ࡾ㔞㸧ࢆ᳨ᰝ஺௜ࡍࡿ㸬ᅗ 13 ࡟᳨ᰝドࡢ஺௜ᐊࢆ♧ࡍ㸬ࡍࡿ㸬ุᐃ್ࡣ㉮⾜1m࡟ࡘࡁs5ੈ௨ୗ࡛࠶ࡿࡀ㸪10) ࡑࡢ௚ࡢ᳨ᰝ

㍺ධ㌴࡛ࡣ౛እⓗྲྀࡾᢅ࠸ࡀ࠶ࡿ㸬౛࠼ࡤ㸪࢔࢘ࢹᚲせ࡟ᛂࡌ࡚㸪㏆᥋᤼Ẽ㦁㡢᳨ᰝࡸ㯮↮᳨ᰝࡢ࡯࢕ A4 ࢡࣛࢫࡣ IN5s5 ੈࡀุᐃ್࡜࡞ࡿ㸬ᅗ 5 ࡟࠿㸪᪂つ᳨ᰝࡸᵓ㐀➼ኚ᭦᳨ᰝ࡟ᚲせ࡞ᑍἲ᳨ᰝࡸ㸪ࢧ࢖ࢻࢫࣜࢵࣉࢸࢫࢱࢆ♧ࡍ㸬᭱኱Ᏻᐃഴᩳゅᗘ᳨ᰝ࡞࡝ࢆ⾜࠺㸬≉࡟㸪ࢹ࢕࣮ࢮ4) ࣈ᳨࣮ࣞ࢟ᰝ

ࣝ㌴࡟ࡘ࠸࡚ࡣ㸪᤼ฟ࢞ࢫつไࡢᙉ໬ࡀ㡰ḟ⾜ࢃࢀ㸪ࣈ࣮ࣞ࢟ࢸࢫࢱࢆ⏝࠸࡚㸪๓㍯㸪ᚋ㍯㸪㥔㌴ࣈࣞᖹᡂ 19 ᖺ 9 ᭶௨㝆ࡢ᪂ᆺㄆᐃ㌴࡟ࡣ㸪࢜ࣃࢩ࣓࣮

࣮࢟ࡢไື⬟ຊࢆ᳨ᰝࡍࡿ㸬࡞࠾㸪ࢱ࢖ࣖ࡜ࣈ࣮ࣞ

ࢱ࡟ࡼࡿ⢏Ꮚ≧≀㉁㸦PM㸧ࡢ᳨ᰝࡀᑟධࡉࢀ࡚࠸

࢟ࢸࢫࢱ࣮ࣟࣛ࡜ࡢᦶ᧿ࢆ⏝࠸ࡓ᳨ᰝࡢࡓࡵ㸪㞵ࡸ

ࡿ㸬





➨୍ᕤᴗ኱Ꮫ◊✲ሗ࿌ࠉ➨ྕࠉ ᅗ 2 ㍍⮬ື㌴᳨ᰝ༠఍ࡢ᳨ᰝሙ

ᅗ 3 ᳨ᰝࣛ࢖ࣥ

3 ࣛ࢖ࣥධཱྀ

ᅗ 5 ࢧ࢖ࢻࢫࣜࢵࣉࢸࢫࢱ

ᅗ 4 ᳨ᰝᐁ࡟ࡼࡿྠ୍ᛶࡢ
☜ㄆ࡜እほ᳨ᰝ

ᅗ 6 ࣈ᳨࣮ࣞ࢟ᰝࡢ≧ἣ

ᅗ 7 ࢥࣥࣅࢿ࣮ࢩࣙࣥࢸࢫࢱ

ᅗ 8 ࣊ࢵࢻࣛ࢖ࢺࢸࢫࢱ

ᅗ 9 ࣊ࢵࢻࣛ࢖ࢺ᳨ᰝࡢ≧ἣ

ᅗ 10 CO࣭HC ࢸࢫࢱᅗ 11 ୗᅇࡾ᳨ᰝ⏝ࣜࣇࢺ

ᅗ 12 ᳨ᰝᐁ࡟ࡼࡿ

ᅗ 13 ㌴᳨ドࡢ஺௜ᐊୗᅇࡾ᳨ᰝ௬ᒇ㸸⮬ື㌴᳨ᰝไᗘࡢᙺ๭࡜⌧≧5. ᳨ᰝไᗘࡢᡂᯝ

ᰝไᗘ࡟ࡼࡿ୙ලྜ⟠ᡤࡢ᪩ᮇⓎぢཬࡧᩚഛ࡟ࡼࡿ

 5.1 ⮬ື㌴ࡢ㧗㱋໬ຠᯝࡶ኱ࡁ࠸㸬ᖹᡂ 29 ᖺ 3 ᭶ᮎ࡛ࡢⓏ㘓㌴஌⏝㌴ࡢᖹᆒ㌴㱋
㸦㍍

5.2 ஺㏻஦ᨾ๐ῶ࡬ࡢ㈉⊩⮬ື㌴ࢆ㝖ࡃ㸧ࡣ 8.53 ᖺ࡛㸪25 ᖺ㐃⥆ࡋ࡚㧗㱋໬ ᫖௒㸪㧗㱋⪅࡟ࡼࡿ㌴୧஦ᨾࡢቑຍࡀ♫఍ၥ㢟࡜ࡍࡿ࡜࡜ࡶ࡟ 23 ᖺ㐃⥆࡛㐣ཤ᭱㧗㱋࡜࡞ࡗࡓ㸬ࡲ࡞ࡗ࡚࠸ࡿࡀ㸪ᖹᡂ 23 ᖺࡢ஺㏻஦ᨾ㸦ே㌟஦ᨾ㸧ࡓ㸪㈌≀㌴ࡢᖹᆒ㌴㱋ࡶ 11.32 ᖺ࡛㸪24 ᖺ㐃⥆ࡋ࡚ࡣ 655,875 ௳࡛࠶ࡗࡓ㸬ࡇࡢ࠺ࡕ㸪஦ᨾࡢⓎ⏕࡟ᙳ᭱㧗㱋࡛࠶ࡿ㸬ࡉࡽ࡟㸪ᖹᆒ౑⏝ᖺᩘ㸦㍍⮬ື㌴ࢆ㡪ࢆ୚࠼ࡓ㌴୧ⓗせᅉࡀᩚഛ୙Ⰻ࡛࠶ࡗࡓ஦ᨾ௳ᩘ

㝖ࡃ㸧ࡣ㸪ᖹᡂ 29 ᖺ 3 ᭶ᮎ࡛஌⏝㌴ 12.91 ᖺ࡜࡞ࡣ 764 ௳࡛࠶ࡾ㸪඲஦ᨾࡢ⣙ 0.1%࡛࠶ࡿ㸬ࡾ㸪10 ᖺ๓࡟ẚ࡭࡚ 1.25 ᖺᘏࡧ࡚࠸ࡿ㸬㈌≀㌴ࡣᩚഛ୙Ⰻࡀ஦ᨾせᅉ࡜ࡉࢀࡓෆᐜࢆヲ⣽࡟ぢࡿ࡜㸪

14.34 ᖺ࡛㐣ཤ᭱㧗࡜࡞ࡗࡓ 7)㸬Ⓩ㘓㌴஌⏝㌴ಖ᭷

ࢱ࢖ࣖ୙Ⰻ 562 ௳㸪ไື⿦⨨୙Ⰻ 105 ௳㸪ࣇࣟࣥࢺྎᩘࡢ㌴㱋ูෆヂࡢ᥎⛣ࢆᅗ 14 ࡟♧ࡍ㸬ᖹᆒ㌴㱋

࢞ࣛࢫ➼୙Ⰻ 22 ௳ࡢ㡰࡜࡞ࡗ࡚࠸ࡿ㸬≉࡟㸪ࢱ࢖ࡢ㧗㱋໬ࡸᖹᆒ౑⏝ᖺᩘࡢ㛗ᮇ໬ࡣ㸪ಖ᭷㌴୧࡟࠾

ࣖ୙Ⰻࡀ᭱ࡶከࡃ㸪඲ᩚഛ୙Ⰻ஦ᨾࡢ 73.6%ࢆ༨ࡵ

ࡅࡿ㧗㱋㌴୧ࡀྎᩘ࣭๭ྜඹ࡟ቑຍࡋࡓࡇ࡜ࡀᙳ㡪࡚࠸ࡿ 9)㸬ࢱ࢖ࣖ୙Ⰻࡢෆヂࡣ㸪㞷㐨࡛ࡢኟࢱ࢖ࣖ㸪ࡋ࡚࠸ࡿ㸬≉࡟ᖹᡂ 28 ᖺ 3 ᭶ᮎ⌧ᅾࡢ㌴㱋 10 ᖺ௨ࣃࣥࢡ࣭ࣂ࣮ࢫࢺ㸪ࢱ࢖ࣖᦶ⪖ࡢ㡰࡜࡞ࡗ࡚࠸ࡿ㸬ୖࡢ㌴୧ࡣ㸪14,292,790 ྎ࡜࡞ࡾ㸪๓ᖺẚ 423,958

ࢱ࢖ࣖࡀᦶ⪖ࡋ࡚࠸ࡿࡇ࡜࡟Ẽ௜࠿ࡎ࡟㐠㌿ࡋࡓࡓྎ㸦3.0%㸧ቑຍࡋ㸪ᵓᡂẚࡣ 36.3%࡛ 1.2 ࣏࢖ࣥࢺࡵࢫࣜࢵࣉࡋᑐྥ㌴࡜⾪✺ࡋࡓ஦ᨾࡸ㧗㏿㐨㊰࡟࠾ቑຍࡋࡓ 8)㸬

࠸࡚ࢱ࢖ࣖࡢ✵Ẽᅽపୗࡢᙳ㡪࡛ࣂ࣮ࢫࢺࡋഃቨ࡟

ࡇࡢࡼ࠺࡞⮬ື㌴ࡢ㛗ᮇ౑⏝ࡀྍ⬟࡜࡞ࡗ࡚࠸ࡿ

⾪✺ࡋࡓ஦ᨾ࡞࡝㸪᪥㡭࠿ࡽ᪥ᖖⅬ᳨ࡸᐃᮇⅬ᳨ᩚせᅉࡣ㸪⮬ື㌴࣓࣮࣮࢝ࡢࡓࡺࡳ࡞࠸◊✲㛤Ⓨ࡟ࡼഛ࡞࡝ࢆᐇ᪋ࡋ࡚࠸ࢀࡤᮍ↛࡟㜵ࡆࡓ஦ᨾ࡜⪃࠼ࡽ

ࡿရ㉁ྥୖࡢᡂᯝ࡛࠶ࡿࡀ㸪ᐃᮇⓗ࡟ᐇ᪋ࡉࢀࡿ᳨ࢀࡿ㸬ᅗ 14 Ⓩ㘓㌴஌⏝㌴ಖ᭷ྎᩘࡢ㌴㱋ูෆヂࡢ᥎⛣





➨୍ᕤᴗ኱Ꮫ◊✲ሗ࿌ࠉ➨ྕࠉ  ࡲࡓ㸪㌴୧ࡢ౑⏝⤒㐣ᖺูࡢᩚഛ୙Ⰻ஦ᨾ⋡ࡣ㸪ഛኈࡀ」ᩘ㐊ᤕࡉࢀࡓ㸬ࡉࡽ࡟ྠᖺࡢ⛅࡟ࡣ๓㏙ࡢ౑⏝ᖺᩘࡀ 9 ᖺ௨ୖ࡜࡞ࡿ࡜ቑຍࡍࡿഴྥࡀ࠶ࡿ㸬࡜࠾ࡾ㸪⮬ື㌴࣓࣮࣮࢝ࡢ↓㈨᱁⪅࡟ࡼࡿ᏶ᡂ᳨ᰝ

ᩚഛ୙Ⰻࡢせᅉࡣ㸪ࢱ࢖ࣖ୙Ⰻࡀ᭱ࡶከ࠸ࡀ౑⏝⤒ၥ㢟ࡀ᫂ࡿࡳ࡟࡞ࡗࡓ㸬ࡇࢀࡽࡣ㸪ᴗ⏺ࡢ࢖࣓࣮ࢪ

㐣ᖺ࡟ࡣᙳ㡪ࡋ࡚࠸࡞࠸㸬ࡑࢀ࡟ᑐࡋ㸪ไື⿦⨨୙ࢲ࢘ࣥࡢࡳ࡞ࡽࡎ㸪ᅜෆࡢ᳨ᰝไᗘ࡬ࡢಙ㢗ࢆᦂࡿⰋࡣ㸪౑⏝⤒㐣 3 ᖺࢆ㉸࠼ࡿ࡜ቑຍࡋ㸪࡯ࡰᶓࡤ࠸

ࡀࡍࡶࡢ࡛࠶ࡿ㸬࡛᥎⛣ࡋ࡚࠸ࡿ㸬ᅜཬࡧ㛵ಀᶵ㛵࡞࡝࡟࠾࠸࡚ࡣ㸪⮬ື㌴࣮ࣘࢨ࣮ ࡇࡢࡼ࠺࡟㌴୧ಖ᭷ྎᩘࡀ 8,000 ୓ྎࢆ㉸࠼ࡿ୰

࡬ࡢ஺㏻஦ᨾ㜵Ṇࡸ⎔ቃಖ඲ࡢࡓࡵ㸪ᐃᮇⓗ࡞Ⅼ᳨࡛㸪ᩚഛ୙Ⰻ࡟ࡼࡿ஦ᨾ⋡ 0.1%ࡣホ౯ࡢศ࠿ࢀࡿ࡜

ᩚഛࡢᚲせᛶࡸ᳨ᰝไᗘࡢᙺ๭ࢆᾐ㏱ࡉࡏࡿၨⓎάࡇࢁࡔࡀ㸪୙≉ᐃከᩘࡢேࡀᡤ᭷ࡋ㐠㌿ࡍࡿ୰࡛㸪ືࢆάⓎ໬ࡉࡏࡿᚲせࡀ࠶ࡿ㸬ࡑࡢ୍⎔࡜ࡋ࡚㸪⌧᳨ᰝไᗘࡣ୍ᐃࡢᡂᯝࡣฟࡋ࡚࠸ࡿ࡜ุ᩿࡛ࡁࡿ㸬ᅾ⾜ࢃࢀ࡚࠸ࡿ㌴᳨ドࡢഛ⪃ḍ࡬ࡢཷ᳨ᙧែࡸⅬ᳨୍᪉㸪ᩚഛ୙Ⰻࡢෆᐜࢆぢࡿ࡜㸪ࢱ࢖ࣖ୙Ⰻࡸไື

ᩚഛグ㘓⡙ࡢ᭷↓ࡢグ㍕ࡣ㸪⮬ື㌴࣮ࣘࢨ࣮ࡢಖᏲ

⿦⨨୙Ⰻ࡞࡝ࡣ㉮⾜㊥㞳ࡀᘏࡧࢀࡤᙜ↛ࡢ≧ἣ࡜࡞⟶⌮ព㆑ࡢྥୖ࡟᭷ຠ࡟ᶵ⬟ࡋ࡚࠸ࡿ࡜ᛮࢃࢀࡿ㸬ࡿᛶ᱁ࡢ⿦⨨࡛࠶ࡿࡓࡵ㸪᳨ᰝไᗘࡢ๓ᥦ࡛࠶ࡿ㸪ࡲࡓ㸪⮬ື㌴ᩚഛᴗ⏺࡟ᑐࡋ࡚ࡣ㸪ᴗ⏺೺඲໬ᑐ᳨ᰝ᫬ࡢ㌴୧≧ែࡀಖᏳᇶ‽࡟㐺ྜࡋ࡚࠸ࡿ࠿ྰ࠿

⟇࡜ࡋ࡚ྛ㒔㐨ᗓ┴ࡢ⮬ື㌴ᩚഛ᣺⯆఍ࢆ㏻ࡌ࡚㸪ࡢุูࢆ⾜ࡗ࡚࠸ࡿᐟ࿨ࡀⰍ⃰ࡃ཯ᫎࡉࢀ࡚࠸ࡿ㸬♫ᅋἲே᪥ᮏ⮬ື㌴ᩚഛ᣺⯆఍㐃ྜ఍ࡀసᡂࡋࡓ

5.3 ⎔ቃၥ㢟ᑐ⟇ࠕᣦᐃᩚഛ஦ᴗ㐺ṇ㐠Ⴀ࣐ࢽࣗ࢔ࣝࠖ➼ࢆά⏝ࡋ㸪 ⮬ື㌴࡟㛵ࢃࡿ⎔ቃၥ㢟࡜ࡋ࡚ࡣ㸪⇞㈝ᨵၿ㸪᤼ἲ௧㡰Ᏺࡢᚭᗏࢆᅗࡗ࡚࠸ࡃ࡭ࡁ࡛࠶ࡿ࡜⪃࠼ࡿ㸬Ẽ࢞ࢫつไ㸪㦁㡢ᑐ⟇࡞࡝ࡀᣲࡆࡽࢀࡿ㸬 ᮏ✏࡟࠾ࡅࡿ⥅⥆᳨ᰝࡢᑂᰝෆᐜ࡟ࡘ࠸࡚㸪㍍⮬

ୡ⏺つᶍ࡛ྲྀࡾ⤌ࢇ࡛࠸ࡿᆅ⌫ ᬮ໬ᑐ⟇ࢆ᥎㐍ࡍࡿ࡟ࡣ㸪⮬ື㌴࠿ࡽࡢ CO2 ᤼ฟ㔞ࢆ๐ῶࡍࡿࡇ࡜

ື㌴᳨ᰝ༠఍㮵ඣᓥ஦ົᡤ࡟༠ຊࢆ㡬࠸ࡓ㸬ࡇࡇ࡟グࡋ࡚ㅰពࢆ⾲ࡍࡿ㸬ࡀ㔜せ࡞ㄢ㢟࡛࠶ࡿ㸬ࡑࡢᑐ⟇࡜ࡋ࡚㸪⇞㈝ᨵၿ࡜
᤼Ẽ࢞ࢫつไࡣᴟࡵ࡚㔜せ࡛࠶ࡾ㸪⥅⥆᳨ᰝࡢᑂᰝཧ⪃ᩥ⊩࡛ࡣ㸪⇞㈝ᨵၿ࡟ࡘ࡞ࡀࡿ࢚ࣥࢪࣥ≧ែࡢྛ✀㆙࿌1) ⮬ື㌴ᢏ⾡ࣁࣥࢻࣈࢵࢡ ⎔ቃ࣭Ᏻ඲࣭᝟ሗ⦅㸸 ⅉࡢ☜ㄆࡸ᤼Ẽ࢞ࢫ᳨ᰝࡀᐇ᪋ࡉࢀ࡚࠸ࡿ㸬㦁㡢ᑐ⟇࡜ࡋ࡚ࡣ㸪ࢡࣛࢡࢩࣙࣥࡸ᤼Ẽ㦁㡢ࡢ㡢බ┈♫ᅋἲே ⮬ື㌴ᢏ⾡఍ (2015)2) ᅜᅵ஺㏻┬㸸⮬ື㌴᳨ᰝ࣭Ⓩ㘓࢞࢖ࢻ㔞࡟ᑐࡋ࡚つไࢆタࡅ㸪㦁㡢ィ➼ࢆ⏝࠸᳨࡚ᰝࡋ࡚

3) ㍍⮬ື㌴᳨ᰝ༠఍㸸⤫ィ᝟ሗ࠸ࡿ㸬4) ᯘⱥఙ㸸⮬ື㌴᳨ᰝࡢព⩏࡜ᙺ๭ JMAGAZINE
#48 (2014)6. ࡲ࡜ࡵ

5) ⊂❧⾜ᨻἲே ⮬ື㌴ᢏ⾡⥲ྜᶵᵓ㸸 ࡇࢀࡲ࡛㏙࡭࡚ࡁࡓࡼ࠺࡟᳨ᰝไᗘࡣ㸪⮬ື㌴ࡢ

ᖹᡂ 28 ᖺᗘᴗົᐇ⦼ሗ࿌᭩ ᖹᡂ 29 ᖺ 6 ᭶㛗ᮇ౑⏝ࡸ஦ᨾ⋡㍍ῶࡉࡽ࡟⎔ቃಖ඲࡟኱ࡁ࡞ᙺ๭

6) ௬ᒇᏕ஧㸸⮬ື㌴⏝๓↷ⅉ࡟࠾ࡅࡿ↷ᑕ᪉ྥࡢ᳨

ࢆᯝࡓࡋ࡚ࡁ࡚࠸ࡿ㸬ᰝᇶ‽࡟ࡘ࠸࡚ ➨୍ᕤᴗ኱Ꮫ◊✲ሗ࿌ ➨ 29

 ᑡᏊ㧗㱋໬ࡀ㐍ࡴ⌧ᅾ㸪ⱝ⪅ࡢ⮬ື㌴㞳ࢀࡀⴭࡋྕ (2017)ࡃ㸪ࡲࡓ㸪ᩚഛኈ୙㊊ࡢၥ㢟ࡣ⮬ື㌴ᴗ⏺࡟࡜ࡾ῝7) ୍⯡♫ᅋἲே⮬ື㌴᳨ᰝⓏ㘓᝟ሗ༠఍㸸⤫ィ᝟ሗ้࡞ၥ㢟࡜࡞ࡾࡘࡘ࠶ࡿ㸬ᅜᅵ஺㏻┬ࡣ㸪ᖹᡂ 278) ᑠᯘⱥୡ㸸ᩚഛ࣭ࢧ࣮ࣅࢫ ⮬ື㌴ᢏ⾡ Vol.71

ᖺ 6 ᭶࡟ࠕ⮬ື㌴ᩚഛேᮦࡢ☜ಖ࣭⫱ᡂ࡟㛵ࡍࡿ᳨

pp.153-160 (2017)ウ఍ࠖࢆタ⨨ࡋ㸪ࡍ࡛࡟᳨ウࢆ㐍ࡵ࡚࠸ࡿ㸬ࡑࡢࡼ9) බ┈♫ᅋἲே ஺㏻஦ᨾ⥲ྜศᯒࢭࣥࢱ࣮㸸஺㏻࠺࡞୰㸪ᖹᡂ 29 ᖺ 8 ᭶࡟㮵ඣᓥ┴ࡢᣦᐃᩚഛᕤሙ

஦ᨾࢹ࣮ࢱ࠿ࡽࡳࡓ⮬ື㌴ࡢⅬ᳨ᩚഛ࡟㛵ࡍࡿ࡛ࡢ୙ṇ᳨ᰝၥ㢟ࡀⓎ⏕ࡋ㸪ᩚഛᕤሙࡢ⤒Ⴀ⪅ࡸᩚㄪᰝศᯒሗ࿌᭩ (ᖹᡂ 24 ᖺᗘ) (2013)
  ċ¥$46ƾŃĜ¶:·Ŧ7
ſƒƎ£EGJX$Ƴ7ŢŬÔþıĪEGJXæÚũ899-4395ǊäŞƼäéÇmÕǑgśǑǐŔǒ±k-ooe@daiichi-koudai.ac.jp

Hearing assistant system with function of sound source
direction presentation by vibration
Katsutoshi OE
Mechanical Systems Enginirring, 899-4395 1-10-2 Kokubu-chuou, Kirishima, Kagoshima
k-ooe@daiichi-koudai.ac.jp

Abstract: The patients who have unilateral deafness can not hear the voice, alarm and the other sounds by their odd ear.
The normal human identify the sound source direction by both ears. Therefore, the patients can't decide the direction ofsound source, and they can't identify the person who speaks to them and the object what sounds the alarm. In our daily
life, the direction of sound source is very important imformation. If the hearing loss is caused by conduction deafness,they can treat by using of the aouditory prosthesis. However, if the cause is sensory deafness, the conventional auditory
prosthesis has no effectivness for them. Accordingly, we aimed to develop the new type hearing aid system with thefunction of sound source direction determination. We chose the vibration as the presentation method. In our previous
report, the prototype hearing assistant system was produced and evaluated its performance of sound direction
identification. In this report, we aimed to improve the confort level of ear-hook unit, 6 types of prototype were produced
and evaluated their comfortability. These prototypes were made by 3D printer.
Keywords: hearing assistant system, 3D printer, tactile presentation, miniaturization

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1. mƮćo, yãÙr, Ôþ, " ŇŽƹſżőƾŃĜ¶ĊŦEGJX%ƱŘ ", ĞĢıĪÚ|nåĔƬÚŏ|ů
46 |¨ĬƘĘŘƋƙń|pūƸ, (2015), pp.327-328
2. Katsutoshi .Oe, Masahito Iwae and Kohji Kariya, "Vibration
type hearing aid system for unilateral deafness patients",
Proc. of RESNA/NCART 2016, (2016),
https://www.resna.org/sites/default/files/conference/
2016/cognitive/oe.html
3. Ôþ, yãÙr, " ċ¥$46ƾŃĜ¶:·Ŧ7Ǝ
ſEGJX$Ƴ7ŢŬ ", ůfæĬÔÚŢŬÍ¸, vol.
29, (2016),pp.43-46
4. formlabs, "Durable", formlabs Form 2 materials properties, (2017), https://docs.wixstatic.com/ugd/4887d1_66d9531b7
ccf457da2763eb018406b1d.pdf
5. formlabs, "Flexible", formlabs Form 2 materials properties, (2016), https://docs.wixstatic.com/ugd/4887d1_23a40bd46
20e461e8637893854324353.pdf

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೺ᗣ≧ែホ౯ᡭἲࡢ㛤ⓎṊ ⏣  㝯 ᏹᶵᲔࢩࢫࢸ࣒ᕤᏛ⛉ ࠛ899-4395 㮵ඣᓥ┴㟝ᓥᕷᅜศ୰ኸ 1 ୎┠ 10 ␒ 2 ྕ
t-takeda@daiichi-koudai.ac.jp

Development of Gait Evaluation Method based on
Normalized Foot Sole Pressure Distribution
Takahiro Takeda
Mechanical system engineering, ࠛ899-4395 1-10-2, Kokubu-chuou, Kirishima, Kagoshima
t-takeda@daiichi-koudai.ac.jp

Abstract: This paper proposes an evaluation method for autonomy walk by using sole pressure that measured mat
type load distribution sensor. The sole pressure data is changed by posture and kicking force of walker. This study
tries to find abnormal gait from footprint information. The footprints that maid from the sole pressure data is also
reflected foot shape of walker. However, abnormal gait reduces area of footprint. For example, toe area is vanishedfrom walker with floating toes. Our method makes template footprint from 256 subjects, and degree of normal gait
is calculated from comparison results with obtained data and the template. In the experiment, we apply the method
to the patient's data during rehabilitation and confirmed its effectiveness.

Keywords: Walking support machine, gait analysis, gait speed, welfare apparatus㸯㸬 ࡲ࠼ࡀࡁ⾜⬟ຊࡢ⥔ᣢࡢ㔜せᛶࡀ♧၀ࡉࢀ࡚࠸ࡿ㸬ࡉࡽ࡟㸪ᡃࡀᅜࡢ 65 ṓ௨ୖࡢ㧗㱋⪅ேཱྀࡣ 3,300 ୓ே࡜࡞㧗㱋⪅࡟࠾ࡅࡿ㌿ಽ࣭㌿ⴠࢆཎᅉ࡜ࡍࡿṚஸ⪅ᩘࡣࡾ㸪⥲ேཱྀ࡟༨ࡵࡿ๭ྜ(㧗㱋໬⋡)ࡣ 26.0㸣࡟㐩ࡋ

஺㏻஦ᨾ࡟ࡼࡿṚஸ⪅ᩘࡼࡾࡶከ࠸࡜࠸࠺⤫ィࡶᚓ࡚࠸ࡿ࡜ゝࢃࢀ࡚࠸ࡿ[1]㸬ࡇࡢࡼ࠺࡞⌧≧࡟࠾࠸࡚㸪ࡽࢀ࡚࠾ࡾ[2]㸪ࡇࢀࡽࡢ஦ᨾࢆᮍ↛࡟㜵ࡄࡓࡵ࡟㸪㧗㱋⪅⚟♴ࡣႚ⥭ࡢㄢ㢟࡜ࡋ࡚ྲྀࡾୖࡆࡽࢀ࡚࠸ࡿ㸬ᡃࠎࡢṌ⾜⬟ຊࡢ⥔ᣢ㸪ྥୖࡀᚲせ࡜ࡉࢀ࡚࠸ࡿ㸬㧗㱋⪅ࡀᐷࡓࡁࡾࡸせ௓ㆤࡢ≧ែ࡟㝗ࡿ 3 ኱せᅉ࡜ࣟࢥࣔࢸ࢕ࣈ⑕ೃ⩌ࡢண㜵ࡸᨵၿࡢࡓࡵ࡟ࡣ᪥ࠎࡢ

ࡋ࡚㐠ືჾࡢ⾶࠼ࡸ㞀ᐖࢆཎᅉ࡜ࡍࡿࣟࢥࣔࢸ࢕㐠ືࡀᚲせ୙ྍḞ࡛࠶ࡿࡀ㸪㐠ືჾࡢ⾶࠼࡟క࠸㐠ࣈ࣭ࢩࣥࢻ࣮࣒ࣟࡀᣲࡆࡽࢀ࡚࠸ࡿ㸬ࣟࢥࣔࢸ࢕ࣈ࣭

ື࡬ࡢពḧࡀῶࡎࡿ࡞࡝ࡢၥ㢟Ⅼࡀ࠶ࡿ㸬ࡲࡓ㸪㐠ࢩࣥࢻ࣮࣒ࣟࡣ㐠ື⩦័ࡢῶᑡ࡟క࠺እฟពḧࡢప

ືჾࡢ⾶࠼ࡀጞࡲࡗ࡚࠸ࡿࡢ࡟ࡶ࠿࠿ࢃࡽࡎ㸪㐠ືୗࡀࡉࡽ࡞ࡿ㐠ື⩦័ࡢῶᑡࢆᘬࡁ㉳ࡇࡍ࡜ゝࡗࡓ⬟ຊ࡬ࡢ㐣ಙ࡟ࡼࡾ㸪カ⦎ࢆ⾜ࢃ࡞࠸ሙྜࡸ㸪⬟ຊ㈇ࡢᚠ⎔࡟ࡼࡗ࡚సࡾฟࡉࢀ࡚࠸ࡿࡇ࡜ࡀከࡃ㸪Ṍ௨ୖࡢカ⦎ࢆ⾜࠺༴㝤ᛶࡶ࠶ࡿ㸬➨୍ᕤᴗ኱Ꮫ◊✲ሗ࿌ࠉ➨ྕࠉ ᡃࠎࡢṌ⾜⬟ຊ࡟ᙳ㡪ࡍࡿせᅉ࡜ࡋ࡚ࡣእⓗせᅉ࠾ࢆ⾜࠸ࣇ࢓ࢪ࢕᥎ㄽ࡟ᇶ࡙ࡃ೺ᖖᗘྜ࠸ࡢ᥎ᐃᡭἲ

ࡼࡧෆⓗせᅉ࡟ศ㢮ࡉࢀࡿ㸬እⓗせᅉࡣẁᕪࡸ↷᫂ࢆᥦ᱌ࡍࡿ㸬ᐇ㦂࡛ࡣᮏᡭἲ࡟ࡼࡾᚓࡽࢀࡓ೺ᖖᗘ

࡞࡝⎔ቃ࡟ᇶ࡙ࡃࡶࡢࡸ⾰᭹ࡸ㠐࡞࡝㌟࡟╔ࡅࡿࡶྜ࠸࡜┠ど࡛ホ౯ࡋࡓᗘྜ࠸ࢆẚ㍑ࡍࡿࡇ࡜࡟ࡼࡾ㸪ࡢ࡟ᇶ࡙ࡃせᅉ࡛࠶ࡾ㸪࿘ᅖࡢே≀ࡸ♫఍ⓗ࡞༠ຊᮏᡭἲࡢ᭷ຠᛶ࡟ࡘ࠸࡚㆟ㄽࡍࡿ㸬࡟ࡼࡾᨵၿࡀᮇᚅࡉࢀࡿ㸬ࡲࡓෆⓗせᅉࡣ✵㛫ㄆ㆑㸰㸬 ィ ⿦⨨⬟ຊࡸ㞟୰ຊ㸪Ἔ᩿࡞࡝࡜࠸ࡗࡓㄆ▱ᶵ⬟࠾ࡼࡧ➽㸰㸬㸯 ㊊ᗏᅽຊศᕸィ ⿦⨨ຊࡸ㦵᱁㸪ࣂࣛࣥࢫ⬟ຊ࡞࡝࡜࠸ࡗࡓ㌟యᶵ⬟࡟ᇶ ㊊ᗏᅽຊศᕸィ ჾࡣ኱ࡁࡃศࡅ㸪ᅗ 1 ࡟♧ࡍࡼ࡙ࡃせᅉ࡛࠶ࡾ㸪ᮏேࡢࢺ࣮ࣞࢽࣥࢢ࡟ࡼࡗ࡚ᨵၿ

࠺࡞࣐ࢵࢺᆺࡢィ ⿦⨨ࢆṌ⾜㊰࡞࡝࡟タ⨨ࡍࡿࢱࡍࡿࡇ࡜ࡀྍ⬟࡛࠶ࡿ㸬୍⯡ⓗ࡟㧗㱋⪅ࡢࣂࣛࣥࢫ

࢖ࣉࡢࡶࡢ࡜㸪࢖ࣥࢯ࣮ࣝᆺࡢィ ⿦⨨ࢆ㠐ࡢෆ㒊⬟ຊࡣⱝᖺ⪅࡟ẚ࡭ప࠸࡜࠸ࢃࢀ࡚࠸ࡿ[3, 4]㸬ࡲࡓ㸪࡟タ⨨ࡍࡿࢱ࢖ࣉ࡟ศ㢮ࡍࡿࡇ࡜ࡀྍ⬟࡛࠶ࡿ㸬ࣂࣛࣥࢫ⬟ຊࡢホ౯ࡢࡓࡵ࡟Ṍ⾜᫬ࡢ㔜ᚰࡢኚ໬㸪࣐ࢵࢺᆺࡢィ ⿦⨨࡛࠶ࢀࡤ㸪ᕥྑࡢ㊊ࡢ㊊ᗏᅽຊṌᖜ࠾ࡼࡧṌ⾜㏿ᗘ࡞࡝ࡀࡼࡃ⏝࠸ࡽࢀ࡚࠸ࡿ[5-7]㸬

ศᕸ࠿ࡽṌ㝸ࡸṌᖜ㸪Ṍ⾜ゅᗘ㸪Ṍ⾜㏿ᗘ࡞࡝ࢆィ➹⪅ࡽࡶࡇࢀࡽࡢṌ⾜≉ᚩࢆ࣐ࢵࢺᆺࡢ㊊ᗏᅽຊศࡍࡿࡇ࡜ࡀྍ⬟࡛࠶ࡿ࡜ゝࡗࡓ฼Ⅼࡀ࠶ࡿࡀ㸪ィᕸ ᐃჾ࡟ࡼࡾ᳨ฟࡋ㸪Ṍ⾜ᖺ㱋ࡸ⑂ປᗘࡢ᥎ᐃ࡞

ྍ⬟࡞㡿ᇦࡀ㝈ᐃࡉࢀࡿ࡜⾜ࡗࡓḞⅬࡶᣦ᦬ࡉࢀ

࡝ࡢᙧ࡛ᐃ㔞ⓗ࡟ホ౯ࡍࡿᡭἲࢆᥦ᱌ࡋ࡚࠸ࡿ

ࡿ㸬౑⏝࡟࠶ࡓࡗ࡚ࡣ㸪❧఩ࡢィ ࡜ࡋ࡚ィ ሙᡤ[8,9,10]㸬

ࢆ㝈ᐃࡍࡿ࠿㸪㏻㊰࡟ᩜࡁワࡵࡿ࡞࡝ࡢ᪉ᘧ࡛฼⏝㌿ಽࡢせᅉࡢ୍ࡘ࡜࡞ࡿጼໃಖᣢ⬟ຊࡸືⓗጼ⪅ࡀᚲࡎ⿦⨨ୖࢆṌ⾜ࡍࡿࡇ࡜ࢆಖドࡍࡿᚲせࡀ࠶ໃไᚚᢏ⬟࡟㛵ࢃࡿࡶࡢ࡜ࡋ࡚㊊㊑࡟ࡼࡿጼໃㄪᩚ

ࡿ࡜ゝ࠼ࡿ㸬୍᪉࡛㸪࢖ࣥࢯ࣮ࣝᆺࡢࢭࣥࢧ࡛࠶ࢀ

ࡀᣲࡆࡽࢀࡿ㸬㊊㊑ࡣṌ⾜᫬ࡢࣂࣛࣥࢫ⬟ຊ࡟῝ࡃࡤ㸪ࡼࡾᗈ࠸ィ 㡿ᇦࢆྲྀࡿࡇ࡜ࡀ࡛ࡁ㸪㏻ᖖṌ⾜㛵ࢃࡗ࡚࠾ࡾ㸪ࢸ࣮ࣆࣥࢢ࡞࡝࡛㊊㊑ࢆᅛᐃࡍࡿࡇ

࡟㏆࠸Ṍ⾜࡟࠾ࡅࡿ㊊ᗏᅽຊศᕸࢆィ ࡍࡿࡇ࡜ࡀ

࡜࡟ࡼࡾไື㊥㞳ࡀఙࡧࡿ࡞࡝ࡢሗ࿌ࡶࡉࢀ࡚࠸ࡿ㸬ྍ⬟࡜࠸࠺฼Ⅼࡀ࠶ࡿ㸬ࡲࡓ㸪࡝ࡕࡽࡢᙧᘧࡢࢭࣥ

௚࡟ࡶ❧఩᫬࡟㊊㊑ࡀᆅ㠃࡟᥋ࡋ࡚࠾ࡽࡎ㸪Ṍ⾜᫬ࢧࢆ౑⏝ࡋࡓሙྜ࡛࠶ࡗ࡚ࡶ㸪Ṍ⾜᫬ࡢ㊊ᙧࡸ㊊ᗏ

࡟㊊ᑤࡲ࡛య㔜⛣ືࡀ⾜ࢃࢀ࡞࠸≧ែ࡛࠶ࡿࠕᾋࡁ

ᅽ㔜ᚰࡢྲྀᚓࡣྍ⬟࡛࠶ࡿ࡜ゝ࠼ࡿ㸬ᮏ◊✲࡛ࡣ㸪㊑ࠖ≧ែࡀ༴㝤どࡉࢀ࡚࠸ࡿ㸬ࡇࡢᾋࡁ㊑ࡣ㧗㱋⪅ᑗ᮶ⓗ࡟࢖ࣥࢯ࣮ࣝᆺࢭࣥࢧ࡛ࡢྲྀᚓࡶྍ⬟࡞≉ᚩࡢࡳ࡞ࡽࡎ㸪ⱝᖺᒙ࡟ࡶቑຍࡋ࡚࠸ࡿഴྥ࡟࠶ࡿ㸬࡜ࡋ࡚㊊ᙧ࡟╔┠ࡋ㸪࣐ࢵࢺᆺࡢࢭࣥࢧ࡟࡚ィ ࡉ

ᾋࡁ㊑ࡢ࠶ࡿேࡣࡘࡲ࡙ࡁࡸ㌿ಽࡢ༴㝤ࡶከࡃ㸪᭦ࢀࡓࢹ࣮ࢱ࡟ᇶ࡙ࡃゎᯒࢆ⾜࠺㸬࡟ࡣ⭸③ࡸ⭜③ࡀ☜ㄆࡉࢀ࡚࠸ࡿሙྜࡶ࠶ࡿ㸬ࡇࡢ ᮏᐇ㦂ࢩࢫࢸ࣒ࡣ 256CH×64CH ࡢ࣐ࢵࢺᆺ᥋ゐᾋࡁ㊑ࡢホ౯࡟ࡣ Pedscope ࡟ࡼࡿ᧜ീࡸ㊊ᗏᅽຊⲴ㔜ศᕸࢭࣥࢧ(࢔࣮ࣟ⏘ᴗ㸪AS64X256-7PM)㸪ไᚚศᕸ ᐃჾ࡟ࡼࡾ᧜ീࡉࢀࡓ❧఩᫬ࡢ㊊ᗏ⏬ീ࡟ᑐ⿦⨨࠾ࡼࡧ PC ࡟ࡼࡾᵓᡂࡉࢀࡿ㸬᥋ゐⲴ㔜ศᕸࢭࡍࡿ┠ど࡛ࡢホ౯ࡀ⾜ࢃࢀ࡚࠸ࡿ[11,12]㸬

ࣥࢧࡣ 2000mm×500mm ࡢ࣐ࢵࢺ㒊࡜ࡑࡢෆഃࡢ

ࡇࡢࡼ࠺࡟㸪Ṍ⾜⬟ຊࡢホ౯࡟࠾࠸࡚ࡣືⓗ࡞≉ᚩ௨እ࡟ࡶ㊊ᙧ≧࡟ᇶ࡙ࡃ㟼ⓗ࡞≉ᚩࡀ⏝࠸ࡽࢀࡿ

Walking personሙྜࡶ࠶ࡿ㸪ᐇ㝿࡟㊊ᙧ≧ᇶ࡙ࡃ᝟ሗ࠿ࡽಶேㄆドPC

Control device

ࢆ⾜ࡗࡓ౛ࡶ࠶ࡾ[13], ከࡃࡢ᝟ሗࢆྵࢇ࡛࠸ࡿࡇ
࡜ࡀ▱ࡽࢀ࡚࠸ࡿ㸬ᮏ◊✲࡛ࡣ㸪㊊ᗏᅽຊศᕸィჾ࡟ࡼࡾᚓࡽࢀࡓ㊊ᗏࢹ࣮ࢱࡼࡾ೺ᖖᗘྜ࠸ࢆ᥎ᐃ

Load distribution sensor

ࡍࡿᡭἲ࡟ࡘ࠸࡚ᥦ᱌ࡍࡿ㸬ᮏㄽᩥ࡛ࡣ㸪256 ྡࡢ⿕㦂⪅ࡼࡾྲྀᚓࡋࡓṌ⾜᫬

33 cm

ࡢ㊊ᗏᅽຊศᕸࢆ౑⏝ࡋ㸪㊊ᙧࡢᶆ‽ࣔࢹࣝࡢసᡂ

176 cmࢆ⾜࠺㸬ḟ࡟సᡂࡋࡓ㊊ᙧ࡜㸪ྲྀᚓࢹ࣮ࢱ࡜ࡢẚ㍑

ਦ̏ ‫ܯ‬଎ૹ஖֐؏

Ṋ⏣㸸㊊ᗏᅽຊศᕸࡢᶆ‽ศᕸ࡟ᇶ࡙ࡃ೺ᗣ≧ែホ౯ᡭἲࡢ㛤Ⓨ

1760mm×330mm ࡢࢭࣥࢧ㒊࠿ࡽᵓᡂࡉࢀ࡚࠾ࡾ㸪ࢭࣥࢧ㒊ୖ࡟༳ຍࡉࢀࡓᅽຊ್ࢆ 8bit ࡢ್ࣞ࣋ࣝ࡜ࡋ

0.1 sec

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0.9 sec࡚ྲྀᚓࡍࡿ㸬ࢭࣥࢧࡢ᳨ฟⅬࡣ x ㍈᪉ྥ࡟ 7mm 㛫㝸㸪y ㍈᪉ྥ࡟ 5mm 㛫㝸࡟ᩚิࡋ࡚࠸ࡿ㸬ࢭࣥࢧࡢࢧࣥࣉࣜࣥࢢ㛫㝸ࡣ 100ms ࡛࠶ࡿ㸬ࡇࡢࢧࣥࣉࣜࣥ
ࢢ㛫㝸ࡣ௚ࡢྠ✀ࡢᶵჾ࡜ẚ࡭㸪ప࠸ࡀ㸪Ṍ⾜ືసࢆィ ࡍࡿ࡟࠶ࡓࡾ㸪୍ṌศࡢṌ⾜࠿ࡽ 10 ᯛ๓ᚋ

ਦ 3 ‫ܯ‬଎υʖνྭࡢᅽຊศᕸࢆᚓࡿࡇ࡜ࡀྍ⬟࡛㸪ホ౯࡟ࡣ༑ศ࡛࠶
ࡿ࡜࠸࠼ࡿ㸬㛗ࡉ࡟㛵ࡋ࡚ࡶ㸪࠾࠾ࡼࡑ 3㹼4 Ṍ⛬ᗘࡢṌ⾜ࢆィ ྍ⬟࡛࠶ࡾ㸪୧㊊࡟ᑐࡋṌᖜࡸṌ⾜࿘ᮇࢆィ ྍ⬟࡛࠶ࡾ㸪ᖜ࡟㛵ࡋ࡚ࡶ㸪㊊ࡀ᏶඲࡟ᶓ
ࢆྥ࠸࡚ࡶィ ⠊ᅖ࡟཰ࡲࡿࢧ࢖ࢬ࡛࠶ࡿࡓࡵ㸪ィ

ਦ 4 ଏఊѻྙ͹பड़࡟㐺ࡋ࡚࠸ࡿ࡜⪃࠼ࡽࢀࡿ㸬㸰㸬㸰 ྲྀᚓࢹ࣮ࢱ
ᮏ◊✲࡛ࡣ๓㏙ࡢ᥋ゐⲴ㔜ศᕸࢭࣥࢧࢆ⏝࠸࡚Ṍ⾜᫬ࡢ㊊ᗏᅽศᕸࢆྲྀᚓࡍࡿ㸬ᐇ㦂࡛ࡣ㸪ࢭࣥࢧ(a) Raw data

Step 1: 䠎್໬ฎ⌮(b) Binary images

Step 2: ⤖ྜᡭ๓࠿ࡽṌ⾜ࢆ㛤ጞࡋ㸪ࢭࣥࢧࡢ x ㍈᪉ྥࢆ㐍⾜᪉ྥ࡜ࡋ࡚ࢭࣥࢧୖࢆṌࡁᢤࡅࡿ㸬ࡇࡢ࡜ࡁࡢࢭࣥࢧ
ୖࡢⲴ㔜ศᕸࢆ㊊ᗏᅽศᕸࢹ࣮ࢱ࡜ࡋ࡚ྲྀᚓࢆ⾜࠺㸬ᮏᐇ㦂࡛ࡣᒇෆ࡛ࡢ౑⏝ࢆ᝿ᐃࡋ㸪⿕㦂⪅ࡣ㠐ࢆᒚ࠿ࡎ㸪㠐ୗࡸࢫࢺࢵ࢟ࣥࢢ࡞࡝ࡢୗ╔ࢆ╔⏝ࡋࡓ≧ែ࡛Ṍ⾜ࢆ⾜࠺ࡶࡢ࡜ࡍࡿ㸬ᅗ 3 ࡟Ṍ⾜ືస࡟ࡼࡾ
ᚓࡽࢀࡿ㊊ᗏᅽຊศᕸࡢ౛ࢆ♧ࡍ㸬ື⏬ീࡢࡼ࠺࡞
ᙧᘧ࡛ᚓࡽࢀࡿࡓࡵ㸪⏬ീฎ⌮ࡢ᪉ἲㄽࢆ㐺⏝ࡍࡿࡇ࡜ࡀྍ⬟࡛࠶ࡿ㸬ࡇࡢ㊊ᗏᅽຊศᕸࡣ㸪ᅗ 5 ࡟♧ࡍࡼ࠺࡟㸪Ṍ⾜᫬ࡢጼໃ࠾ࡼࡧᆅ㠃㸦ࢭࣥࢧ㸧ࢆ㋾ࡿຊ࡞࡝࡟ࡼࡗ࡚ኚ໬ࡍࡿࡓࡵ㸪ࡇࡢᅽຊศᕸࢆゎᯒࡍࡿࡇ࡜࡟ࡼࡾ㸪ࡇࢀࡽࡢṌ⾜≉ᚩࢆゎᯒྍ⬟࡛࠶ࡿ㸬㸱㸬 ≉ᚩᢳฟ
㸱㸬㸯 ㊊ᗏᅽຊࢹ࣮ࢱࡢṇつ໬ ⿕㦂⪅ u ࠿ࡽྲྀᚓࡉࢀࡓṌ⾜ࢹ࣮ࢱ Xu(x, y, t)ࡣ࠶ࡿ᫬้ t ࡟࠾ࡅࡿᗙᶆ(x, y)ࡑࢀࡒࢀ࡟࠾࠸࡚ 256 㝵ㄪࡢᅽຊ್ࢆಖᣢࡋ࡚࠸ࡿ㸬ࡇࡢࢹ࣮ࢱࡼࡾ㸪ᅗ 4࡟♧ࡍࡼ࠺࡟ᕥྑࡑࢀࡒࢀ 1 Ṍศࡢ㊊ᗏᅽຊศᕸࢆ
ᢳฟࡋ㸪ࡑࢀࡒࢀ Xu,R(x, y, t)࠾ࡼࡧ Xu,L(x, y, t)࡜ࡍࡿ㸬ᮏ◊✲࡛ࡣ㊊ᙧ≧ࡢẚ㍑ࢆ⾜࠺ࡓࡵ㸪ᢳฟࡋࡓ∦㊊ࡢ㊊ᗏᅽຊศᕸࢆ 40×20 ࡢ㊊ᅽຊศᕸ X’u,R(x,y, t)࠾ࡼࡧ X’u,L(x, y, t)࡟ኚ᥮ࢆ⾜࠺㸬ࡇࡇ࡛ᖜ 40
ࡣ x ㍈ࡢࢭࣥࢧ㛫㝸(7mm)ࡼࡾ 280mm㸪㧗ࡉ 20 ࡣ yਦ 5 ଏ‫ܙ‬͹ࡠ੔㍈ࡢࢭࣥࢧ㛫㝸(5mm)ࡼࡾ 100mm ࡟࡞ࡿࡼ࠺࡟㑅ᐃࡉࢀ࡚࠸ࡿ㸬ࢹ࣮ࢱࡢኚ᥮ࡣࣂ࢖ࣜࢽ࢔ἲ࡟ࡼࡿ
⏬ീࡢᣑ኱⦰ᑠ࡟ᇶ࡙ࡁ⾜ࢃࢀࡿ㸬㸱㸬㸰 ㊊ᙧࢹ࣮ࢱᮏㄽᩥ࡛ࡣ㸪ࡑࢀࡒࢀࡢᗙᶆ࡟࠾࠸࡚ᅽຊ್ࡀᏑ
ᅾࡍࡿሙྜ㸪㊊ᗏࡀᆅ㠃࡟タ⨨ࡋ࡚࠸ࡿ࡜ุ᩿ࡋ㸪ᅗ 5 ࡟♧ࡍᡭ㡰࡛㊊ᙧ FPu,R(x,y)࠾ࡼࡧ FP u,L(x,y)ࡢసᡂࢆ⾜࠺㸬ࡲࡎ㸪ྛ᫬้ t ࡟࠾࠸࡚ḟᘧ࡟ࡼࡗ࡚ᐃ⩏ࡉࢀࡿ 2 ್໬ฎ⌮ࢆ⾜࠸㸪ࡑࡢᚋ㸪OR ₇⟬Ꮚࢆ⏝࠸ࡓ⤖ྜࢆ⾜࠺஦࡟ࡼࡾ㊊ᙧࢆసᡂࡍࡿ㸬

FPu,k x, y°­1 if X 'k x, y, t ! th®
°̄0 otherwise(1)

ࡇࡇ࡛㸪th ࡣࣀ࢖ࢬ㝖ཤࡢࡓࡵࡢࡋࡁ࠸್࡛࠶ࡾ㸪k ࡣᕥྑࡢ㊊ࡢ㆑ูᏊ࡛࠶ࡿ(k = R, L)㸬
ḟ࡟㸪ࡇࡢࡼ࠺࡟ᚓࡽࢀࡓ㊊ᙧFPu,R(x,y)࠾ࡼࡧFPu,L(x,y)ࡼࡾ㸪㊊ᙧࡢᶆ‽ࣔࢹࣝࢆḟᘧ࡟ࡼࡗ࡚సᡂ
ࡍࡿ㸬



➨୍ᕤᴗ኱Ꮫ◊✲ሗ࿌ࠉ➨ྕࠉ 

N



¦ FP

FPk x, yu, kx, y u

u 1

255
N

(2)



¦^FP x, y u FP x, y `¦ FP x, y(7)¦^FP x, y u 255  FP x, y `¦^ 255  FP x, y `(8)¦^ 1  FP x, y u FP x, y `¦^FP x, y `(9)¦^ 1  FP x, y u 255  FP x, y `¦^ 255  FP x, y `

(10)

PG,k

k

u,k

k

ࡇࡇ࡛㸪N ࡣᶆ‽ࣔࢹࣝసᡂࡢࡓࡵࡢࢹ࣮ࢱᩘࢆ♧ࡋ࡚࠸ࡿ㸬సᡂࡉࢀࡓᶆ‽ࣔࢹࣝࡣ 0~256 ࡟ṇつ໬kࡉࢀࡓ㊊ᗏᅽຊศᕸࡢᏑᅾ☜⋡ࢆ♧ࡋ࡚࠸ࡿࢹ࣮ࢱ
࡜ࡋ࡚ྲྀࡾᢅ࠺㸬㸱㸬㸱 ᅽຊศᕸἼᙧ

NG ,k

k

u ,k

k

 Ṍ⾜᫬࡟࡝ࡢ㒊఩࡟ᅽຊࡀ༳ຍࡉࢀ࡚࠸ࡿ࠿ࢆㄪ
ᰝࡍࡿࡓࡵ㸪ṇつ໬ࡉࢀࡓ㊊ᗏᅽຊศᕸࢹ࣮ࢱ
X’u,R(x, y, t)࠾ࡼࡧ X’u,L(x, y, t)ࡼࡾᅽຊศᕸἼᙧ

k

u ,k

PH ,k



N H ,kku ,kkWu,R(x)࠾ࡼࡧ Wu,L(x)ࡢᢳฟࢆ⾜࠺㸬ᅽຊศᕸἼᙧ࡟
࠶ࡓࡾ㸪ࡲࡎ㸪ྛ᫬้࡟࠾ࡅࡿࡢ㊊ᗏᅽຊศᕸࡼࡾ

ࡇࡇ࡛㸪ᶆ‽ࣔࢹ࡛ࣝ㧗࠸್ࢆᣢࡗ࡚࠸ࡿ㡿ᇦ࡛ࡣḟᘧ࡟ࡼࡾṇつ໬ࡢࡓࡵࡢࣃ࣓࣮ࣛࢱ࡛࠶ࡿ᭱኱Ⲵ

೺ᗣ㸪୙೺ᗣࢆၥࢃࡎከࡃࡢ⿕㦂⪅࡟ඹ㏻ࡋ࡚⾲ࢀ㔜್ Pmax ࢆ⟬ฟࡍࡿ㸬ࡿ㡿ᇦ࡛࠶ࡾ㸪ప࠸್ࢆಖᣢࡋ࡚࠸ࡿ㡿ᇦ࡛ࡣ㸪೺§ 40 20

Pmax·
maxt ¨X ' x, y, t ¸¨x 0y 0
¸
©
¹

¦¦

(3)

ᗣ࡞⿕㦂⪅࡟ࡢࡳඹ㏻ࡋ࡚⾲ࢀࡿ㡿ᇦ࡛࠶ࡿྍ⬟ᛶࡀ㧗࠸㸬ࡑࡢࡓࡵ㸪PG ࡣከࡃࡢ⿕㦂⪅࡟⾲ࢀࡿ≉ᚩḟ࡟㸪ྛ x ᗙᶆ࡟࠾ࡅࡿ㊊ᗏᅽຊࡢ⥲࿴ wu,k(x,t)ࢆ⟬ࡀ⾲ࢀ࡚࠸ࡿᗘྜ࠸㸪PH ࡣ೺ᗣ࡞⿕㦂⪅࡟⾲ࢀࡿ≉ฟࡍࡿ㸬ᚩࡀ⾲ࢀ࡚࠸ࡿᗘྜ࠸㸪NG ࡣከࡃࡢ⿕㦂⪅࡟⾲ࢀࡿ20



wu ,k x, t§

¦ ¨© X 'u,kx, y, t u

y 0

255 ·
¸
Pmax ¹(4)≉ᚩࡀ⾲ࢀ࡚࠸࡞࠸ᗘྜ࠸㸪NH ࡣ೺ᗣ࡞⿕㦂⪅࡟ከࡃ⾲ࢀ࡚࠸ࡿ≉ᚩࡀ⾲ࢀ࡚࠸࡞࠸ᗘྜ࠸ࢆ♧ࡋ࡚࠸᭱ᚋ࡟㸪ࡑࢀࡒࢀࡢ x ᗙᶆ࡟࠾࠸࡚᭱኱್ࢆྲྀࡿࡇ

ࡿ㸬࡜࡟ࡼࡾ㸪ᅽຊศᕸἼᙧ Wu,k(x)ࢆᚓࡿ㸬㸲㸬㸰 ᅽຊศᕸἼᙧ

(5)

ഥ L(x)࡜
ഥ R(x)࠾ࡼࡧܹ
 ᅽຊศᕸἼᙧࡢᶆ‽ࣔࢹܹࣝࡇࡢࡼ࠺࡟ᚓࡽࢀࡓᅽຊศᕸἼᙧ Wu,R(x)࠾ࡼࡧ
ഥ R(x)࠾ࡼࡧܹ
ഥ L(x)ࢆసᡂࡍ
Wu,L(x)ࡼࡾ㸪ᶆ‽ࣔࢹܹࣝྲྀᚓࡋࡓᅽຊศᕸἼᙧ Wu,R(x)࠾ࡼࡧ Wu,L(x)ࢆẚ㍑

ࡿ㸬ࡇࡇ࡛ࡣ㸪ḟᘧ࡟♧ࡍࡼ࠺࡟ྛ x ᗙᶆ࡟࠾ࡅࡿ

ࡍࡼ࠺࡟㸪ᶆ‽Ἴᙧ࡜ྲྀᚓἼᙧ࡜ࡢ኱ᑠ㛵ಀࡢẚ㍑

್ࡢᖹᆒ್ࢆ౑⏝ࡍࡿࡇ࡜࡟ࡼࡾᶆ‽ࣔࢹࣝࢆᚓࡿ㸬ࢆ⾜࠺ࡇ࡜࡛Ἴᙧྠኈࡢẚ㍑ࢆ⾜࠺㸬ࡇࡢᅗ࡟࠾࠸

Wu ,k xmax t wu ,k x, t

N



Wk x

¦

1
Wu,k xNu1(6)ࡋ㸪ホ౯ࡢࡓࡵࡢ≉ᚩ㔞࡜ࡍࡿ㸬ࡇࡇ࡛ࡣᅗ 6 ࡟♧࡚㸪㉥⥺ࢆᶆ‽ࣔࢹࣝ㸪⥳⥺ࢆྲྀᚓࢹ࣮ࢱ࡜ࡋࡓ࡜
ࡁ㸪ᅗ୰ࡢ⥳Ⰽࡢ㡿ᇦࡢ㠃✚ SG㸪㉥Ⰽࡢ㡿ᇦࡢ㠃✚ᚓࡽࢀࡓᅽຊศᕸἼᙧࡣ㏻ᖖ࡛࠶ࢀࡤ࠿࠿࡜㒊㸦ᚋ

SR㸪࠾ࡼࡧ㯤Ⰽࡢ㡿ᇦࡢ㠃✚ SY ࡣࡑࢀࡒࢀḟᘧ࡛ᐃ㊊㒊㸧࠾ࡼࡧ㋃ࡳࡘࡅ㒊㸦๓㊊㒊㸧࡛ࣆ࣮ࢡࢆᣢࡕ㸪⩏ࡉࢀࡿ㸬

㊊㋃ࡲࡎ㒊㸦୰㊊㒊㸧࡟࠾࠸࡚㇂࡟࡞ࡿࡼ࠺࡞Ἴᙧ
࡜࡞ࡿ㸬
ඬ६υʖν

㸲㸬೺ᖖᗘྜ࠸᥎ᐃ

଎ఈυʖν㸲㸬㸯 ㊊ᙧࢹ࣮ࢱィ ࡉࢀࡓ㊊ᙧ FPu,R(x,y)࠾ࡼࡧ FP u,L(x,y)࡟ᑐࡋ㸪ᕥྑࡑࢀࡒࢀᶆ‽ࣔࢹࣝ FPR(x,y)࠾ࡼࡧ FPL(x,y)࡜
ࡢẚ㍑ࢆ⾜࠺㸬ࡇࡇ࡛ࡣ㸪ᕥྑࡑࢀࡒࢀ⊂❧ࡋ࡚ᘧ(7)㹼(10)࡟♧ࡍ 4 ࡘࡢᣦᶆࡢ⟬ฟࢆ⾜࠺㸬x

ਦ 6 ѻྙ෾ාഀ‫ܙ‬͹ඬ६ͳ͹ർֳṊ⏣㸸㊊ᗏᅽຊศᕸࡢᶆ‽ศᕸ࡟ᇶ࡙ࡃ೺ᗣ≧ែホ౯ᡭἲࡢ㛤Ⓨ

550

550

450

450

350

350

250

250

150

150

50

50

-50 0

5

10

15

20

25

30

35

40

-50 0

ਦ 7 ࠪଏ͹ඬ६Ϡυϩ                  






SG,k

¦ max ^0, W

S R, k¦ max ^0, W x W

SY ,k

u,k

x W k xk¦ min ^ W x ,W
k

x

u,k

u ,k

x

`

`

(11)

`

(12)

5

10

15

20



25

30

35

ਦ 8 ӊଏ͹ඬ६Ϡυϩ





(13)

LOW f

­1 if f  th°°
2® §¨ f  th ·¸
exp

° ¨
V 2 ¸¹¯° ©

HIGH f­1 if f ! th°°2
® §¨ f  th ·¸
exp

° ¨
V 2 ¸¹
¯° ©

(14)

(15)

⥳Ⰽࡢ㡿ᇦࡢ㠃✚ SG㸪㉥Ⰽࡢ㡿ᇦࡢ㠃✚ SR ࡣࡑࢀࡇࢀࡽࡢᘧ࡛㸪f ࡣྛ≉ᚩ㔞ࢆ⾲ࡋ㸪th ࠾ࡼࡧ σ ࡣᏛࡒࢀ㸪ᶆ‽ࣔࢹࣝ࠿ࡽࡢࢬࣞࢆ⾲ࡋ࡚࠾ࡾ㸪ࡇࡢ್⩦⏝ࢹ࣮ࢱ࡟࠾ࡅࡿྛ≉ᚩ㔞ࡢᖹᆒ್࠾ࡼࡧศᩓ࠿

ࡀᑠࡉ࠸࡯࡝೺ᖖᗘྜ࠸ࡀ㧗࠸࡜⪃࠼ࡽࢀ㸪㯤ⰍࡢࡽỴᐃࡉࢀࡿ್࡛࠶ࡿ㸬ࡇࢀ࡟ࡼࡾᚓࡽࢀࡓࣇ࢓

㡿ᇦࡢ㠃✚ SY ࡣᶆ‽Ἴᙧ࡜ࡢ୍⮴ࡋ࡚࠸ࡿ㠃✚ࢆࢪ࢕ᡤᒓᗘ μH ࢆྲྀᚓࢹ࣮ࢱࡢ೺ᖖᗘྜ࠸࡜ࡋ࡚ྲྀ

♧ࡋ࡚࠸ࡿࡓࡵ㸪ࡇࡢ್ࡀ㧗࠸࡯࡝೺ᖖᗘྜ࠸ࡣ㧗ࡾᢅ࠺㸬࠸࡜⪃࠼ࡿࡇ࡜ࡀฟ᮶ࡿ㸬㸳㸬ᐇ㦂⤖ᯝ

㸲㸬㸱 ೺ᖖᗘྜ࠸᥎ᐃ ᐇ㦂࡛ࡣ㸪࣐ࢵࢺᆺᅽຊศᕸࢭࣥࢧ࡟ࡼࡾィ ࡋ ㊊ᙧࡼࡾᚓࡽࢀࡓ PG, PH, NG ࠾ࡼࡧ NH ࡢ 4 ࡘࡢ≉ࡓ⏨ዪ 256 ྡࡢṌ⾜᫬ࡢ㊊ᗏᅽຊศᕸࢆ౑⏝ࡋ㸪ᮏᚩ㔞࠾ࡼࡧ㸪ᅽຊศᕸἼᙧࡼࡾᚓࡽࢀࡓ SG, SR, SY ࡢᡭἲࡢホ౯ࢆ⾜࠺㸬ィ ࡛ࡣྛ⿕㦂⪅ࡼࡾ」ᩘᅇࡢ

3 ࡘࡢ≉ᚩ㔞ࢆ⏝࠸࡚೺ᗣᗘྜ࠸ࡢ᥎ᐃࢆ⾜࠺㸬ࡲ

7DEOH  )X]]\,)7+(1UXOHVࡎ㸪ࡑࢀࡒࢀࡢ≉ᚩ㔞࡟㛵ࡋ࡚⾲ 1 ࡟♧ࡍࡼ࠺࡞ࣇ࢓ࢪ࢕ IF-THEN ࣮ࣝࣝࢆసᡂࡋ㸪೺ᗣᗘྜ࠸ μHࡢ⟬ฟࢆ⾜࠺㸬ࡇࡢ⾲࡟࠾࠸࡚ LOW ࠾ࡼࡧ HIGHࡣࣇ࢓ࢪ࢕ゝㄒ㛵ᩘ࡛࠶ࡾ㸪ḟᘧࡢ࢞࢘ࢫᆺ࣓ࣥ
ࣂ࣮ࢩࢵࣉ㛵ᩘ࡜ࡋ࡚⾲⌧ࡉࢀࡿ㸬

ಝ௅ྖ
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40

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ཧ⪃ᩥ⊩

80

70

[1]

ෆ㛶ᗓ, ᖹᡂ 27 ᖺ∧㧗㱋♫఍ⓑ᭩

60

[2]

ཌ⏕ປാ┬㸪ᖹᡂ 21 ᖺᗘࠕ୙៖ࡢ஦ᨾṚஸ⤫ィࠖ[3]Ụཎ⩏ᘯ, ᒣᮏ⃈Ꮚ ⦅: ͆⮫ᗋṌ⾜ィ ධ㛛,͇ ་ᖌ⸆ฟ∧ᰴ

50
40ᘧ఍♫, 2008.

30
[4]

20

J. M. Hausdorff, D. Rios, and H. K. Edelberg, “Gait variability and fallrisk in community-living older adults: a 1-year prospective study,”

10

Archives of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, vol. 82, issue 8, pp.

01050-1056, 2001.
[5]of fear,” Journal of American Geriatrics Society, vol. 43, no. 3, pp.

ਦ 9 ݊৙ౕ߻͏͹ϐηφήϧϞ

313-320, 1997.

ࢹ࣮ࢱࢆィ ࡋ࡚࠾ࡾ㸪ࡑࡢ࠺ࡕࡢ 1 ᅇࢆホ౯⏝ࢹ࣮ࢱ࡜ࡋ࡚౑⏝ࡋ㸪ṧࡾࢆ඲࡚ᶆ‽ࣔࢹࣝసᡂ⏝B. E. Maki, “Gait changes in older adults: predictors of falls or indicators[6]

T. Nakamura, K. Meguro, H. Sasaki, “Relationship between falls andࡢᏛ⩦⏝ࢹ࣮ࢱ࡜ࡋ࡚౑⏝ࡋࡓ㸬ᅗ 7 ࠾ࡼࡧᅗ 8 ࡟

stride length variability in senile dementia of the Alzheimer type,”ࡇࢀࡽࡢᏛ⩦⏝ࢹ࣮ࢱ࠿ࡽసᡂࡉࢀࡓ㊊ᙧ࠾ࡼࡧᅽ

Gerontology, vol. 42, no. 2, pp. 108-113, 1996.

ຊศᕸἼᙧࡢᶆ‽ࣔࢹࣝࢆ♧ࡍ㸬ࡇࡢࡼ࠺࡟ᶆ‽ࣔ

[7]

S. B. Jennifer, E. B. Jaime, M. V. Jessie, B. N. Anne, and A. S. Stephanie,ࢹࣝ࡟࠾࠸࡚ࡣ࠿࠿࡜㒊㸦ᚋ㊊㒊㸧࠾ࡼࡧ㋃ࡳࡘࡅ

“Too much or too little step width variability is associated with a fall㒊㸦๓㊊㒊㸧࡛ࣆ࣮ࢡࢆᣢࡗ࡚࠸ࡿࡇ࡜ࡀ☜ㄆ࡛ࡁ㸪

history in older persons who walk at or near normal gait speed,” Journalᚑ᮶ࡢ▱ぢ࡜୍⮴ࡋ࡚࠸ࡿ㸬ࡲࡓ㸪㊊㊑㒊࡟࠾࠸࡚㸪of NeuroEngineering and Rehabilitation, 2:21, pp. 1186-1743, 2005.

ᕥྑ࡜ࡶ࡟ぶᣦഃࡣከࡃࡢ⿕㦂⪅࡟࠾࠸࡚᥋ᆅࡋ࡚

[8]

T. Takeda, Y. Sakai, S. Kobashi, K. Kuramoto, and Y. Hata, “Foot Age࠸ࡿࡀ㸪ᑠᣦഃ࡟࡞ࡿ࡟ࡘࢀ࡚᥋ᆅࡋ࡚࠸ࡿ๭ྜࡀ

Estimation System from Walking Dynamics Based on Fuzzy Logic,” J.

పࡃ࡞ࡗ࡚࠸ࡿࡇ࡜ࡀ☜ㄆ࡛ࡁࡿ㸬of Advanced Computational Intelligence and Intelligent Informatics, vol.

 ᅗ 9 ࡟ 256 ྡࡢ⿕㦂⪅ࡢ㊊ᗏᅽຊศᕸࢹ࣮ࢱ࡟ᮏ

18, no.4, pp. 1-10, 2014.

ᡭἲࢆ㐺⏝ࡋࡓ㝿ࡢ೺ᖖᗘྜ࠸ࡢศᕸࢆ♧ࡍ㸬
ࡲࡓ㸪

[9]

T. Takeda, K. Kuramoto, S. Kobashi, and Y. Hata, "On optimal operator೺ᖖᗘྜ࠸ࡀ0.65௨ୗ࡛࠶ࡗࡓ⿕㦂⪅ࡣ㊊㊑ࡸ୰㊊for combining left and right sole pressure data in biometrics security,"㒊ࡀ᥋ᆅࡋ࡚࠾ࡽࡎ㸪Ṍ⾜᫬ࡢጼໃಖᣢ⬟ຊ࡟ၥ㢟

Journal of Hindawi - Advances in Fuzzy Systems, vol. 2013, pp.1-10,

ࡀ࠶ࡿࡇ࡜ࡀ☜ㄆ࡛ࡁࡿ㸬

2013.

㸲㸬⤖ࡧ

[10]

ࣜࢪ࢙ࣥࢺࢩࢫࢸ࣒ࢩ࣏ࣥࢪ࣒࢘, 2016.

 ᮏ◊✲࡛ࡣ㸪㊊ᗏᅽຊศᕸࢆ⏝࠸ࡓṌ⾜⬟ຊࡢホ౯ᡭἲࡢ୍ࡘ࡜ࡋ࡚㸪Ṍ⾜᫬ࡢ㊊ᙧ≧࡟╔┠ࡋࡓホ[11]ࣥࢫ࡜ࡢ㛵ಀ,” ࣊ࣝࢫࣉ࣮ࣟࣔࢩࣙࣥ⌮Ꮫ⒪ἲ◊✲, Vol. 6, No.

ࡧᅽຊศᕸἼᙧ࡟㛵ࡋ㸪Ꮫ⩦⏝ࢹ࣮ࢱࡼࡾసᡂࡋࡓ

4 p. 165-169, 2016ᶆ‽ࣔࢹࣝ࡜ࡢẚ㍑ࢆ⾜࠺ࡇ࡜࡟ࡼࡾ೺ᖖᗘྜ࠸ࡢ
[12]⚟ᒣ຾ᙪ, ୸ᒣோྖ, “ᾋࡁ㊑ホ౯ࡢಙ㢗ᛶ࡜ᾋࡁ㊑ࡢᢳฟἲ࡟
ࡘ࠸࡚,” ⌮Ꮫ⒪ἲ⛉Ꮫ, Vol. 27, No. 4, pp. 497-502, 2012.

ᡭἲࢆ㐺⏝ࡋ㸪᥎ᐃࡋࡓ೺ᖖᗘྜ࠸࡜㊊ᙧ࡜ࡢ㛫࡟㛵ಀᛶࡀ࠶ࡿࡇ࡜ࢆ♧ࡋࡓ㸬ᮧ⏣ఙ, Ᏻᙪ㕲ᖹ, ୰㔝ⱥᶞ, 㜰ᮏᫀᚿ, ᯇᑿ኱, ᕝཱྀ㐨⏕, 㡲ྜὒḟ, ᯇ஭ᏹᙰ, “ᾋࡁ㊑࡜㊊㊑ᶵ⬟࡞ࡽࡧ࡟㟼ⓗ࣭ືⓗࣂࣛ౯ᡭἲࢆᥦ᱌ࡋࡓ㸬ᥦ᱌ᡭἲ࡛ࡣṌ⾜୰ࡢ㊊ᙧ࠾ࡼホ౯ࢆ⾜ࡗࡓ㸬ᐇ㦂࡛ࡣ 256 ྡࡢ⿕㦂⪅࡟ᑐࡋ㸪ᮏṊ⏣㝯ᏹ, “㊊ᗏᅽຊࢆ⏝࠸ࡓ೺ᖖṌ⾜ࡢศᯒ,” ➨ 26 ᅇ࢖ࣥࢸ[13]

L. Wang, H. Ning, T. Tan, and W. Hu, “Fusion of static and dynamic ௒ᚋࡢㄢ㢟࡜ࡋ࡚㸪Ṍ⾜࡟㞀ᐖࢆࡶࡘᝈ⪅ࡢࢹ࣮body biometrics for gait recognition,” IEEE Transactions on circuits andࢱ࡞࡝ࢆ౑⏝ࡋ㸪᥎ᐃࡉࢀࡓ೺ᖖᗘྜ࠸ࢆ⏝࠸ࡓ೺

systems for video technology, Vol.14, No.2, pp.1-11, Feb, 2004.

ᗣ≧ែࡢホ౯ᡭἲࢆᥦ᱌ࡍࡿࡇ࡜࡞࡝ࡀᣲࡆࡽࢀࡿ㸬
  8$9 ࡟ࡼࡿ෗┿㔞ᢏ⾡ࡢ⢭ᗘ᳨ド

ACCURACY ASSESSMENT OF TOPOGRAPHICAL SURVEY
BY USING STILL IMAGE TAKEN FROM UAV㻌⏣୰ 㱟ඣ 1࣭እᒣ Ἠ 2࣭㛗ᒣ ᫛ኵ 3
Ryoji TANAKA, Izumi TOYAMA, and Akio NAGAYAMA
1➨୍ᕤᴗ኱Ꮫ㸦ࠛ899-4332 㮵ඣᓥ┴㟝ᓥᕷᅜศ୰ኸ 1-10-2㸧E-mail: r-tanaka@daiichi-koudai.ac.jp2◁㜵࢚ࣥࢪࢽ࢔ࣜࣥࢢᰴᘧ఍♫㸦ࠛ350-0033 ᇸ⋢┴ᕝ㉺ᕷᐩኈぢ⏫ 31-9㸧
E-mail: izumi8_toyama@saboeng.co.jp
3㮵ඣᓥ኱ᏛᏛ⾡◊✲㝔㸦ࠛ890-0065 㮵ඣᓥᕷ㒆ඖ 1-21-40㸧
E-mail: nagayama@oce.kagoshima-u.ac.jp
㻌Key Words: topographical survey, uav, drone, still image㻌㻌
UAV (Unmanned Aerial Vehicle) can fly at a low altitude (below several hundred meters), so
high-resolution pictures are obtained. Though, when taking some pictures of the slope with the great differenceof ups and downs, the precisions are not uniform. And also there is a problem with adjustment calculation of
an internal orientation element because a UAV camera isn't the product developed for the purpose ofmeasurement. In this paper, we report the problems of the difference in the flight height and the calibration of
the camera lens.
ࡣࡌࡵ࡟

8$9 ࡟ࡼࡿ෗┿㔞ࡢὶࢀ㏆ᖺ㸪↓ே㣕⾜ᶵ㸦UAV: Unmanned Aerial Vehicle㸪
㏻ ⛠ ࢻ ࣟ ࣮ ࣥ 㸪 ࡲ ࡓ ࡣ  UAS: Unmanned Aircraft
System㸧ࡢ฼ά⏝ࡀᛴ㏿࡟㐍ࡳ㸪ㄪᰝ࣭ 㔞㸪࢖ࣥ
ࣇࣛⅬ᳨➼ࡢከࡃࡢศ㔝࡛฼ά⏝ࡉࢀࡿࡼ࠺࡟࡞ࡗ
ࡓ㸬୍᫖ᖺࡢ⇃ᮏᆅ㟈ࡸ㸪᫖ᖺ 7 ᭶ࡢ஑ᕞ໭㒊㇦㞵࡛ࡣ㸪❧ࡕධࡾࡢ࡛ࡁ࡞࠸᮲௳ୗ࡟࠾ࡅࡿ᪩ᮇ⿕⅏≧ἣࡢᢕᥱࡢࡓࡵ࡟㸪ື⏬ࡸ㟼Ṇ⏬ࡀ✵᧜ࡉࢀ㸪࢖ࣥࢱ࣮ࢿࢵࢺ࡛ࡶከᩘබ㛤ࡉࢀࡓ㸬UAV ࡣ᭷ே⯟✵ᶵࡼࡾࡶప✵࡛㣕⾜࡛ࡁ㸪㧗ゎീᗘࡢ⏬ീࡀᚓࡽࢀ
ࡿࡓࡵ㸪௒ᚋࡲࡍࡲࡍࡑࡢά⏝ࡀᮇᚅࡉࢀ࡚࠸ࡿ㸬ࡋ࠿ࡋ࡞ࡀࡽ㸪᧜ᙳᑐ㇟ᆅࡀ㛗኱࡛㧗పᕪࡢ኱ࡁ
࠸ഴᩳ㠃࡛ࡣ㸪ᇶ‽㠃࡟ᖹ⾜࡟᧜ᙳࡍࡿ᪉ἲ࡛ࡣ㸪⢭ᗘࡀ୙ᆒ୍࡜࡞ࡿࡇ࡜ࡀᣦ᦬ࡉࢀ࡚࠸ࡿ 1)㸬ࡲࡓ㸪
UAV ᦚ㍕ࡢ࣓࢝ࣛࡣ 㔞ࢆ┠ⓗ࡜ࡋ࡚㛤Ⓨࡉࢀࡓ〇ရ࡛ࡣ࡞࠸ࡓࡵ㸪ෆ㒊ᶆᐃせ⣲ࡢㄪᩚィ⟬࡟ࡶၥ㢟ࡀ࠶ࡿࡇ࡜ࡶᣦ᦬ࡉࢀ࡚࠸ࡿ 2)㸬ᮏ✏࡛ࡣ㸪᧜ᙳ㧗ᗘࡢ㐪࠸࡟ࡼࡿ⢭ᗘ࡜ 8$9 ࢆᇶ‽㠃࡟ᖹ⾜࡟㣕⾜ࡉࡏ✵᧜ࡍࡿ᪉ἲ࡜ᆅ⾲㠃࡟ᖹ⾜࡟㣕⾜ࡉࡏ✵᧜ࡍࡿሙྜ࡟ࡘ࠸࡚ࡢ 㔞ⓗㄗᕪ㸪࠾ࡼࡧ࣓࢝ࣛࣞࣥࢬ
ࡢ࢟ࣕࣜࣈ࣮ࣞࢩࣙࣥࡢ᳨ド⤖ᯝ࡟ࡘ࠸࡚ሗ࿌ࡍࡿ㸬ᚑ᮶ࡢ෗┿ 㔞ࡣᆅᅗ㸦ᩘ್ᆅᙧᅗ㸧ࢆసᡂࡍࡿ
ࡇ࡜ࡀ┠ⓗ࡛㸪࣮࢜ࣂ࣮ࣛࢵࣉ 60㸣㸪ࢧ࢖ࢻࣛࢵࣉ
30㸣⛬ᗘ㔜」ࡋ࡚᧜ᙳࡉࢀࡓ෗┿ࢆ⏝࠸㸪ྛ෗┿ࡢ
ඹ㏻࡞Ⅼࢆᢳฟࡋᆅୖᗙᶆࢆ୚࠼㸪࣓࢝ࣛࡢ఩⨨࡜ഴࡁࢆồࡵ࡚࠿ࡽᡭసᴗ࡛ᥥ⏬ࡍࡿ᪉ἲ࡛࠶ࡿ㸬
UAV ࡟ࡼࡿ෗┿ 㔞࡟࠾࠸࡚ࡶᆅᅗ᝟ሗࣞ࣋ࣝ 250
࠿ࡽ 500 ࡢᩘ್ᆅᙧᅗࢹ࣮ࢱࡢసᡂࡣྍ⬟࡛࠶ࡾ㸪
UAV ࢆ⏝࠸ࡓබඹ 㔞࣐ࢽࣗ࢔ࣝ㸦᱌㸧3)㸦௨ୗ㸪බඹ 㔞࣐ࢽࣗ࢔ࣝ㸧࡟ࡶつᐃࡉࢀ࡚࠸ࡿ㸬ࡇࢀ࡟ᑐࡋ࡚㸪SfM (Structure from Motion)࡜࿧ࡤࢀ
ࡿ୕ḟඖⅬ⩌ࢆసᡂࡍࡿ᪂ࡋ࠸෗┿ 㔞ࡢ᪉ἲࡣ㸪ᅵᮌᕤ஦⌧ሙ࡛ࡢᅵ㔞⟶⌮࡟ᚲせ࡜࡞ࡿᛂ⏝ 㔞࡟ࡶ㐺⏝ྍ⬟࡛㸪UAV ࡟ࡼࡿ෗┿ 㔞ࡣⅬ⩌ࢆసᡂࡍࡿ┠ⓗ࡛ᐇ᪋ࡉࢀࡿሙྜࡀ࡯࡜ࢇ࡝࡛࠶ࡿ㸬SfM ࡣ㸪ࢥࣥࣆ࣮ࣗࢱࣅࢪࣙࣥࡸࣟ࣎ࢵࢺࣅࢪࣙࣥ࠿ࡽⓎ㐩ࡋࡓᢏ⾡࡛㸪஧ḟඖ࡛࠶ࡿ⏬ീ࠿ࡽ࣓࢝ࣛ఩⨨ࡸ୕ḟඖᙧ≧ࢆ᚟ඖࡍࡿᢏ⾡࡛࠶ࡿ㸬ᇶᮏⓗ࡞ཎ⌮ࡣࣂࣥࢻࣝἲࢆ⏝࠸ࡿࡇ࡜࡞࡝㸪ᚑ᮶ࡢ෗┿ 㔞࡜ඹ㏻
ࡍࡿ㒊ศࡶከ࠸ࡀ㸪࠸ࡎࢀࡢሙྜ࡛ࡶ㸪෗┿ 㔞࡛➨୍ᕤᴗ኱Ꮫ◊✲ሗ࿌ࠉ➨ྕࠉ ⏝࠸ࡿሙྜ㸪ึᮇ᮲௳࡜ࡋ࡚ᆅୖᗙᶆࢆ 㔞ࡋ࡚ධຊࡍࡿᚲせࡀ࠶ࡿ㸬ᅗ ࡣ㸪୍⯡ⓗ࡞୕ḟඖⅬ⩌ࢆసᡂࡍࡿࡓࡵࡢ UAV ✵᧜ 㔞సᴗࡢὶࢀ࡛࠶ࡿࡀ㸪᧜ᙳ࡜ᶆᐃⅬࡢᗙᶆࢆồࡵࡿ 㔞௨እࡣ࡯ࡰ⮬ື໬ࡉࢀ࡚࠸ࡿࡇ࡜ࡀ≉ᚩ࡛࠶ࡾ㸪ࡇࡢࡇ࡜ࡶ୕ḟඖⅬ⩌ࢆసᡂࡍࡿ᪉ἲࡀᬑཬࡋ࡚࠸ࡿ⌮⏤ࡢࡦ࡜ࡘ࡛ࡶ
࠶ࡿ㸬SfM ࡢฎ⌮ࡢᚋ㸪MVS (Multi-view Stereo)࡜ゝࢃࢀࡿ࣓࢝ࣛ఩⨨࡞࡝ࡢࣃ࣓࣮ࣛࢱ࠿ࡽ㧗ᐦᗘࡢⅬ⩌ࢆ⏕ᡂࡍࡿฎ⌮ࡀ⾜ࢃࢀࡿࡀ㸪ࢯࣇࢺୖࡣ୍㐃࡛⾜ࢃࢀࡿࡢ࡛㸪ᮏ✏࡛ࡣ༢࡟ SfM ࡜ࡋࡓ㸬ࡲࡓ㸪ᕷ㈍ࡢ SfM ࢯࣇࢺ࡛ࡣ⡆᫆࡞ GIS ࡢᶵ⬟ࢆ᭷ࡍࡿࡶࡢࡀ࠶ࡿ㸬౑⏝ࡋࡓ 8$9 ࡜᧜ᙳ᪉ἲ
౑⏝ࡋࡓ UAV ࡢㅖඖࢆ⾲ ࡟♧ࡍ㸬ࡲࡓ㸪ᦚ㍕࣓࢝ࣛࡢㅖඖࢆ⾲ ࡟♧ࡍ㸬᧜ᙳࡣ DJI 〇ࡢᇶᮏࢯࣇࢺ࢙࢘࢔ DJI GO ࡛ࢥࣥࣃࢫ࢟ࣕࣜࣈ࣮ࣞࢩࣙࣥ
➼ࡢึᮇタᐃࢆ⾜ࡗࡓᚋ㸪ࣇ࣮ࣜࢯࣇࢺࡢ⮬ᚊ㣕⾜ࢯࣇࢺ࢙࢘࢔ Altizure ࡟ษࡾ᭰࠼㸪ᅗ ࡢࡼ࠺࡟㸪㞄᥋෗┿࡜ࡢ࣮࢜ࣂ࣮ࣛࢵࣉ 80㸣㸪ࢥ࣮ࢫ㛫ࡢࢧ࢖ࢻࣛࢵࣉ 60㸣௨ୖ࡛㸪᧜ᙳ㧗ᗘࢆ 10m ࠿ࡽ 50m ࡲ࡛ 10m ࡎࡘኚ໬ࡉࡏ㸪ᖹᆠ࡞ྠ୍⠊ᅖࡢ㟼Ṇ⏬ࢆ᧜ᙳࡋࡓ㸬࣓࢝ࣛࡣࢯࣇࢺࡢタᐃ㝈ᗘ࡛࠶ࡿ㖄┤᪉ྥ࠿ࡽ rഴࡅ࡚ᩳࡵ෗┿ࢆ᧜ᙳࡋࡓ㸬ᅗ ࡣ㸪ᶆᐃⅬ࡜᳨ドⅬ࡛࠶ࡿ㸬බඹ 㔞࣐ࢽࣗ࢔࡛ࣝࡣ㸪୕ḟඖⅬ⩌సᡂࡢሙྜ
ࡢእഃᶆᐃⅬࡣ㸪ィ ᑐ㇟⠊ᅖࢆᅖࡴࡼ࠺࡟㸪㞄ࡾྜ࠺እഃᶆᐃⅬࡢ㊥㞳ࡣ 100m ௨ෆ࡜ࡋ㸪ෆഃᶆᐃⅬࡣ㸪ෆഃᶆᐃⅬ࡜ࡑࢀࢆᅖࡴᶆᐃⅬ࡜ࡢ㊥㞳ࡣ 200m
௨ෆ࡛᭱ప 1 Ⅼࡣタ⨨ࡍࡿ㸬ࡲࡓ᳨ドⅬ࡟ࡘ࠸࡚ࡣ㸪
ᶆᐃⅬࡢ⥲ᩘࡢ༙ᩘ௨ୖ㸦➃ᩘࡣ⧞ࡾୖࡆ㸧࡛㸪ィᑐ㇟⠊ᅖෆ࡟ᆒ➼࡟㓄⨨ࡍࡿࡼ࠺࡟つᐃࡉࢀ࡚࠸
ࡿ㸬ᮏ✏ࡢᅗ࡛ࡣ᧜ᙳ⠊ᅖ㸦30m × 50m㸧ࡢ 4 㝮ࡢⅬࢆእഃᶆᐃⅬ࡜ࡋ㸪௚ࡢ 8 Ⅼࢆ᳨ドⅬ࡜ࡋ࡚࠸ࡿࡀ㸪
ࡍ࡭࡚ࡢⅬࢆࢺ࣮ࢱࣝࢫࢸ࣮ࢩ࡛ࣙࣥィ ࡋ࡚࠸ࡿࡢ࡛㸪౛࠼ࡤෆഃᶆᐃⅬ࡜ࡋ࡚ゎᯒࡍࡿ࡞࡝㸪ᵝࠎ࡞ࣃࢱ࣮ࣥࡢࢹ࣮ࢱࡀྲྀᚓྍ⬟࡟࡞ࡗ࡚࠸ࡿ㸬ᅗࡣ㸪౑⏝ࡋࡓⓎἻࢫࢳ࣮ࣟࣝ〇ࡢᑐ✵ᶆ㆑(0.3m ×0.3m)࡛࠶ࡿ㸬ィ ࡋࡓⅬࡀどㄆ࡛ࡁࡿࡼ࠺࡟㸪୰ኸ࡟┤ᚄ⣙ 0.1m ࡢ✰ࢆ㛤ࡅ࡚࠸ࡿ㸬᧜ᙳ㧗ᗘ 20m ࡲ࡛ࡣ᫂░࡟どㄆ࡛ࡁࡓ㸬ࡑࢀ௨ୖࡢ᧜ᙳ㧗ᗘ࡛ࡣ㸪෇୰ᚰࢆィ Ⅼ࡜ࡋࡓ㸬ᅗ ୍⯡ⓗ࡞ 8$9 ✵᧜ 㔞సᴗࡢὶࢀ

⏣୰࣭እᒣ࣭㛗ᒣ㸸8$9࡟ࡼࡿ෗┿㔞ᢏ⾡ࡢ⢭ᗘ᳨ド᳨ド⤖ᯝゎᯒ࡟ࡣ㸪Agisoft 〇ࡢ୕ḟඖ෌ᵓᡂࢯࣇࢺ 3hoto
Scan Professional Edition㸦௨ୗࠕPhoto Scanࠖ࡜࠸࠺㸬㸧ࢆ⏝࠸ࡓ㸬SfM ࡢ⢭ᗘࡣ㸪࢔ࣛ࢖࣓ࣥࣥࢺ㸪㧗ᐦᗘ໬ฎ⌮࡜ࡶ࡟୰⛬ᗘ࡜ࡋࡓ㸬ࡲࡓ㸪GIS ࡢฎ⌮ࡣ᳨ド⤖ᯝ࡟ࡣᙳ㡪ࡋ࡞࠸ࡀ㸪ESRI 〇ࡢ ArcGIS ࢆ⏝࠸ࡓ㸬᳨ドⅬࡢỈᖹ఩⨨࡜ᶆ㧗ࡣ㸪
Photo Scan ࡢ୰࡛ࠕ᥎
ᐃ್ࠖ࡜⾲♧ࡉࢀࡓᩘ್ࢆ㸪ࢺ࣮ࢱࣝࢫࢸ࣮ࢩࣙࣥ
࡟ࡼࡿᐇ ್࡜ẚ㍑ࡋࡓ㸬᧜ᙳ㧗ᗘࡢ㐪࠸࡟ࡼࡿ⢭ᗘ᧜ᙳ㧗ᗘࡢ㐪࠸࡟ࡼࡿỈᖹ఩⨨࡜ᶆ㧗ࡢㄗᕪࢆ⥲ྜࡋࡓᖹᆒ஧஌ㄗᕪࡢ᭱኱್࡜᭱ᑠ್ࢆ⾲ ࡟♧ࡍ㸬ࡲࡓ㸪᳨ドⅬ࡟࠾ࡅࡿỈᖹ఩⨨ࡢ ᐃ್࡜ᐇ ್ࡢᕪࢆᅗ ࡟♧ࡍ㸬෗┿ 㔞ࡢཎ⌮࡛㸪 ൌ  ή  㸦ࡓࡔࡋ㸪H㸸᧜ᙳ㧗ᗘ㸪m㸸⦰ᑻศẕ㸪f㸸⏬㠃㊥㞳㸧࡜࠸࠺㛵ಀࡀ࠶ࡾ㸪᧜ᙳ㧗ᗘࡀ㧗ࡃ࡞ࡿ࡜෗┿⦰ᑻࡀᑠࡉࡃ࡞ࡾ⢭ᗘࡶᝏࡃ࡞ࡿࡀ㸪Ỉᖹ఩⨨ࡢ⢭ᗘࡣ㸪᳨ドⅬ఩⨨࡟ࡼࡗ࡚ࡤࡽࡘࡁ㸪᧜ᙳ㧗ᗘ࡜ࡢ᧜ᙳ㧗ᗘࡀ㧗ࡃ࡞ࡿ࡜⢭ᗘࡀᝏࡃ࡞ࡿ࡜࠸ࡗࡓ㛵ಀࡣぢࡽࢀ࡞࠿ࡗࡓ㸬ࡇࢀ࡟ᑐࡋ࡚ᶆ㧗ࡢ⢭ᗘࡣᅗ ࡟♧ࡍࡼ࠺࡟㸪᧜ᙳ㧗ᗘ 40m ࢆ㝖ࡁ㸪50m ࡢ⢭ᗘࡀ᭱ࡶ㧗ࡃ㸪10m ࠿ࡽ 30m ࡛ࡣࡇࡢ㡰࡟⢭ᗘࡀᝏࡃ࡞ࡿ࡜࠸ࡗࡓ㏫㌿ࡢ⌧㇟ࡀぢࡽࢀࡓ㸬ࡲࡓ㸪᳨ドⅬ␒ྕ 7 ࠿ࡽ 10 ࡢㄗᕪࡀ኱ࡁ࠸ࡀ㸪᧜ᙳ⠊ᅖࡢ୰ኸ௜㏆࡛࠶ࡾ㸪ᶆᐃⅬ࠿ࡽ㞳ࢀ࡚࠸ࡿࡓࡵ࡛࠶ࡿ࡜⪃࠼ࡽࢀࡿ㸬ࡇࡢࡇ࡜࠿
ࡽ㸪እഃᶆᐃⅬࡣ㸪ィ ᑐ㇟⠊ᅖࢆᅖࡴࡼ࠺࡟㓄⨨ࡋ㸪ෆഃᶆᐃⅬࡣ㸪1 Ⅼ௨ୖ࡜ࡍࡿᚲせᛶࡀ♧ࡉࢀࡓ㸬⾲ 8$9 ࡢㅖඖ㻌ᅗ ᧜ᙳ఩⨨ᅗ㻙㻟 ᶆᐃⅬ࡜᳨ドⅬ㻌
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᧜ᙳ㧗ᗘ㻌㻔㼙㻕

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ᖹᆒ஧஌ㄗᕪ㻌㻔㼙㻕
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㻜㻚㻝㻝
㻜㻚㻜㻣
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➨୍ᕤᴗ኱Ꮫ◊✲ሗ࿌ࠉ➨ྕࠉ ⾲㠃࡟ᖹ⾜࡟Pࡢ୍ᐃ㧗ᗘࢆಖࡗ࡚㣕⾜ࡋࡓࢹ࣮ࢱሙྜ࡟ࡘ࠸࡚㸪᳨ドⅬ5࠿ࡽ12ࡢ఩⨨ㄗᕪࢆィ ࡋࡓ㸬ᅗࡣᅗࡢゎᯒࢹ࣮ࢱࢆࡶ࡜࡟᳨ドⅬ5࠿ࡽ
12ࡢ఩⨨ㄗᕪࢆᆅ⾲㠃࡟ᖹ⾜࡟㣕⾜ࡋࡓሙྜ࡜㸪ᇶ‽㠃࡜ᖹ⾜࡟㣕⾜ࡋࡓሙྜࢆẚ㍑ࡋࡓࡶࡢ࡛࠶ࡿ㸬᧜ᙳ㧗ᗘࡀ㧗ࡃ࡞ࡿ࡜㸪ᇶ‽㠃࡜ᖹ⾜࡟㣕⾜ࡋࡓሙྜ࡛ࡣ㸪ᆅ⾲㠃࡟ᖹ⾜࡟㣕⾜ࡋࡓሙྜࡼࡾࡶ⢭ᗘࡀᝏࡃ࡞ࡿࡇ࡜ࡀ☜ㄆ࡛ࡁࡓ㸬ᅗ Ỉᖹ఩⨨ࡢ ᐃ್࡜ᐇ ್ࡢᕪ㻌ᅗ ᇶ‽㠃࡟ᖹ⾜࡟᧜ᙳࡍࡿሙྜࡢ࢖࣓࣮ࢪ

ᅗ ᶆ㧗ࡢ ᐃ್࡜ᐇ ್ࡢᕪ㉳అࡢ࠶ࡿᆅ⾲㠃࡛ࡢ⢭ᗘ㉳అࡢ࠶ࡿᆅᙧ࡛ࡣ㸪ᚑ᮶ࡢ᭷ே㣕⾜ᶵ࡟ࡼࡿ෗┿ 㔞ࡢࡼ࠺࡟᧜ᙳᇶ‽㠃࡜୍ᐃࡢ㧗ᗘࢆಖࡗ࡚᧜
ᙳࡍࡿ࡜㸪㒊ศⓗ࡟᧜ᙳ㧗ᗘࡢᕪࡀ኱ࡁࡃ࡞ࡾ㸪⢭ᗘࡀ୙ᆒ୍࡟࡞ࡿࡇ࡜ࡀ⪃࠼ࡽࢀࡿ㸬ࡇࡇ࡛ࡣ㸪UAVࢆᆅ⾲㠃࡟ᖹ⾜࡟㣕⾜ࡍࡿ᪉ἲ࡜㸪ᇶ‽㠃࡜30mࡢ㧗ᗘࢆಖࡗ࡚㣕⾜ࡍࡿ᪉ἲ࡟ࡘ࠸࡚ࡢ⢭ᗘࡢ᳨ドࢆ⾜ࡗࡓ㸬ᅗࡣᇶ‽㠃࡟ᖹ⾜࡟᧜ᙳࡋࡓሙྜࡢ࢖࣓࣮ࢪ࡛
࠶ࡾ㸪ᅗࡣᇶ‽㠃࡟ᖹ⾜࡟㣕⾜ࡋࡓሙྜࡢ࣓࢝ࣛ
఩⨨࡛࠶ࡿ㸬㉳అࡢ࠶ࡿᆅᙧࢆᖹᆠᆅ࡛෌⌧ࡍࡿ࡟ࡣ㸪㏫࡟᧜ᙳ㧗ᗘࢆኚ໬ࡉࡏࢀࡤⰋ࠸㸬ࡋ࠿ࡋ㸪㝵ẁ≧࡟UAVࢆ㣕⾜ࡉࡏࡿࡇ࡜ࡣ࣐ࢽࣗ࢔ࣝ᧯⦪࡛ࡣ
㞴ࡋࡃ㸪᪤ᡂࡢ⮬ᚊ㣕⾜ࢯࣇࢺ࡛ࡶࡇࡢࡼ࠺࡞」㞧
࡞㣕⾜ࡢタᐃࡀᅔ㞴࡞ࡓࡵ㸪10m࠿ࡽ50mࡢ10m㛫㝸࡛➼㧗ᗘ᧜ᙳࡋࡓ㟼Ṇ⏬ࢆ⏝࠸࡚㸪10mࡣ3ࢥ࣮ࢫ㸪
20m࠿ࡽ50mࡣྛ1ࢥ࣮ࢫศ㸪ィ73ᯛࡢ㟼Ṇ⏬ീࢆ౑⏝ࡋࡓ㸬ḟ࡟㸪ᅗࡣ㉳అࡢ࠶ࡿᆅ⾲㠃࡟ᖹ⾜࡟㣕⾜ࡋࡓሙྜࢆ᝿ᐃࡋࡓ᧜ᙳ᪉ἲࡢ࢖࣓࣮ࢪ࡛࠶ࡿ㸬㉳అࡢ࠶ࡿᆅᙧࢆᖹᆠᆅ࡛෌⌧ࡍࡿࡓࡵ࡟㸪᧜ᙳ㧗ᗘࢆᆅᅗ ᇶ‽㠃࡟ᖹ⾜㣕⾜ࡢ࣓࢝ࣛࡢ఩⨨ᅗ ᆅ⾲㠃࡟ᖹ⾜࡟㣕⾜ࡉࡏࡿሙྜࡢ࢖࣓࣮ࢪ

ᅗ ᆅ⾲㠃࡟ᖹ⾜㣕⾜ࡢ࣓࢝ࣛࡢ఩⨨⏣୰࣭እᒣ࣭㛗ᒣ㸸8$9࡟ࡼࡿ෗┿ᅗ㸫 㣕⾜᪉ἲࡢ㐪࠸࡟ࡼࡿ⢭ᗘࡍ࡭࡚ࡢ෗┿ࢆ⏝࠸ࡓሙྜࡢ⢭ᗘᮏ◊✲࡛᧜ᙳࡉࢀࡓࡍ࡭࡚ࡢ 435 ᯛࡢ෗┿ࢆ⏝࠸㸪᳨ドⅬࡢ఩⨨ㄗᕪࢆィ ࡋࡓ㸬ᅗ ࡣ᳨ドⅬ 5 ࠿ࡽ
12 ࡢ఩⨨ㄗᕪ࡛࠶ࡿ㸬෗┿ᯛᩘࡀከࡃ࡞ࡿ࡜㸪ᶆᐃ
Ⅼ࠿ࡽࡢ㊥㞳࡟㛵ಀ࡞ࡃ㸪⢭ᗘࡀⰋࡃ࡞ࡗ࡚࠾ࡾ㸪᭱኱ㄗᕪࡣ 0.124m㸪ᖹᆒㄗᕪ 0.078m ࡛࠶ࡗࡓ㸬ࡲࡓ㸪ᅗ ࡣ㸪᧜ᙳ㧗ᗘࡈ࡜ࡢ SfM ⏬ീ࡛࠶ࡾ㸪᧜ᙳ㧗ᗘࡀ㧗ࡃ࡞ࡿ࡟ࡘࢀⅬᐦᗘࡀ␯࡟࡞ࡗ࡚࠸ࡿࡇ
࡜ࡀศ࠿ࡿ㸬㔞ᢏ⾡ࡢ⢭ᗘ᳨ド࡟ࡘ࠸࡚㸪Photo Scan ࡛㧗ᐦᗘࡢ୕ḟඖⅬ⩌ࢆసᡂࡋ㸪ᙧ≧ࢆẚ㍑ࡋࡓ㸬ᅗ ࠿ࡽᅗ ࡟ࡑࡢ⤖ᯝࢆ♧ࡍ㸬ᅗ ࡼࡾ㸪ࢭࣝࣇ࢟ࣕࣜࣈ࣮ࣞࢩࣙࣥࡢሙྜࡣ㸪
ᶆᐃⅬࡢ᭷↓࡟㛵ಀ࡞ࡃ඲యࡀ‴᭤ࡋ࡚࠸ࡿ㸬ᶆᐃ
Ⅼࡀ࠶ࡿሙྜ㸦ᅗ㸧㸪ᶆᐃⅬ࡟ᅖࡲࢀࡓ㒊ศࡣᖹᆠ࡟ぢ࠼ࡿࡀ㸪௚ࡣ㏫࡟‴᭤ࡀ኱ࡁࡃ࡞ࡗ࡚࠸ࡿ㸬ࡇࢀ࡟ᑐࡋ࡚㸪⊂❧ࡋࡓ࢟ࣕࣜࣈ࣮ࣞࢩࣙࣥࢆタᐃࡍࡿ࡜㸦ᅗ㸪ᅗ㸧㸪ᶆᐃⅬࡀ↓ࡃ࡚ࡶᖹᆠ࡟࡞
ࡗ࡚࠾ࡾ㸪࢟ࣕࣜࣈ࣮ࣞࢩࣙࣥࡢຠᯝࡀฟ࡚࠸ࡿ㸬ࡇࡢࡇ࡜࠿ࡽ㸪UAV ࡟ᦚ㍕ࡉࢀࡓ࣓࢝ࣛࢆ⏝࠸ࡿሙྜࡣ㸪ࢭࣝࣇ࢟ࣕࣜࣈ࣮ࣞࢩ࡛ࣙࣥࡣ࡞ࡃ㸪ணࡵィࡉࢀࡓ࢟ࣕࣜࣈ࣮ࣞࢩࣙࣥಀᩘࢆタᐃࡋ࡚࠿ࡽ㸪
SfM ࢆసᡂࡍ࡭ࡁ࡛࠶ࡿ࡜࠸࠺ࡇ࡜ࡀ♧ࡉࢀࡓ㸬ᅗ ࢭࣝࣇ࢟ࣕࣜࣈ࣮ࣞࢩࣙࣥ
㸦ᶆᐃⅬ࡞ࡋ㸧ᅗ ࡍ࡭࡚ࡢ෗┿࡟ࡼࡿ 6I0 ࡢㄗᕪ






10m SfM

20m SfM
40m SfM

30m SfM
50m SfM

ᅗ ࢭࣝࣇ࢟ࣕࣜࣈ࣮ࣞࢩࣙࣥ
㸦ᶆᐃⅬ࠶ࡾ㸧඲෗┿ SfM

ᅗ ᧜ᙳᶆ㧗ࡈ࡜ࡢ SfM࢟ࣕࣜࣈ࣮ࣞࢩࣙࣥࡢ᳨ド᧜ᙳ㧗ᗘ 40m ࡛᧜ᙳࡉࢀࡓ 30 ᯛࡢ㟼Ṇ⏬ࢆ⏝࠸㸪ᶆᐃⅬタᐃ࡞ࡋ㸪࠶ࡾࡢሙྜࡢࢭࣝࣇ࢟ࣕࣜࣈ࣮ࣞ
ࢩࣙࣥ࡜⊂❧ࡋࡓ࢟ࣕࣜࣈ࣮ࣞࢩࣙࣥࡢ 4 ࣃࢱ࣮ࣥᅗ ⊂❧ࡋࡓ࢟ࣕࣜࣈ࣮ࣞࢩࣙࣥ
㸦ᶆᐃⅬ࡞ࡋ㸧➨୍ᕤᴗ኱Ꮫ◊✲ሗ࿌ࠉ➨ྕࠉ ᅗ ⊂❧ࡋࡓ࢟ࣕࣜࣈ࣮ࣞࢩࣙࣥ
㸦ᶆᐃⅬ࠶ࡾ㸧ࡲ࡜ࡵ
SfMࡣࢥࣥࣆ࣮ࣗࢱࣅࢪࣙࣥࡸࣟ࣎ࢵࢺࣅࢪࣙࣥ
࠿ࡽࡁࡓᴫᛕ࡛࠶ࡾ㸪ࣂࣥࢻࣝἲࢆ⏝࠸ࡿࡇ࡜࡞࡝
ᇶᮏⓗ࡞㒊ศࡣᚑ᮶ࡢ෗┿ 㔞ࡢゎᯒἲ࡜ྠࡌ࡛࠶
ࡿ㸬ࡋ࠿ࡋ㸪ࡑࢀ࡜኱ࡁࡃ␗࡞ࡿࡢࡣ㸪࣓࢝ࣛࡢ఩
⨨࣭ጼໃ᥎ᐃ㸦እ㒊ᶆᐃ㸧ࡀ⮬ື࡛⾜ࢃࢀࡿࡇ࡜࡛
࠶ࡿ㸬ࡲࡓ㸪ෆ㒊ᶆᐃࡶ⮬ື࡛⾜࠺㸦ࢭࣝࣇ࢟ࣕࣜ
ࣈ࣮ࣞࢩࣙࣥ㸧ࡇ࡜ࡀከ࠸㸬ࡑࡢࡓࡵ㸪ྠࡌ㟼Ṇ⏬
ࢆ⏝࠸࡚ࡶ㸪౑⏝ࡍࡿࢯࣇࢺ࡟ࡼࡾ㸪࠶ࡿ࠸ࡣ㸪ࢃࡎ࠿࡞᮲௳ࡢ㐪࠸࡛ࡶ⢭ᗘࡀ኱ࡁࡃ␗࡞ࡿሙྜࡀ࠶
ࡾ㸪ࡑࡢᣲືࡣ」㞧࡛࠶ࡿ㸬බඹ 㔞࣐ࢽࣗ࢔࡛ࣝ
ࡣ㸪࣓࢝ࣛ࢟ࣕࣜࣈ࣮ࣞࢩࣙࣥ࡟㛵ࡋ࡚㸪ࠕࢭࣝࣇ࢟ࣕࣜࣈ࣮ࣞࢩࣙࣥࢆᶆ‽࡜ࡋ㸪⊂❧ࡋࡓ࣓࢝ࣛ࢟ࣕ

ࣜࣈ࣮ࣞࢩࣙࣥࡣᚲࡎࡋࡶồࡵ࡞࠸㸬ࠖ࡜࡞ࡗ࡚࠾ࡾ㸪ᮏ᳨ド࡜┦཯ࡍࡿ⤖ᯝ࡜࡞ࡗ࡚࠸ࡿ㸬࢟ࣕࣜࣈ࣮ࣞ
ࢩࣙࣥ࡟㛵ࡋ࡚ࡣ㸪௒ᚋࡉࡽ࡟᳨ウࢆ㐍ࡵࡿᚲせࡀ࠶ࡿ࡜⪃࠼ࡿ㸬ࡲࡓ㸪ᶆ㧗ࡢ⢭ᗘ࡟㛵ࡋ࡚ࡣ㸪50m⛬ᗘࡢ᧜ᙳ㧗ᗘ࡛ࡣ㸪SfMࡢ⢭ᗘ࡟࡯࡜ࢇ࡝ᙳ㡪ࡀฟ࡞࠿ࡗࡓ㸬୍᪉㸪࣓࢝ࣛࡢ⢭ᗘࢆୖࡆࡿࡇ࡜࡛ㄗᕪࡀᑡ࡞ࡃ
࡞ࡾṇ☜࡞ 㔞ࡀ࡛ࡁࡿࡼ࠺࡟࡞ࡿ࡜⪃࠼ࡽࢀࡿࡀ㸪㛗኱࡞ᩳ㠃࡛ࡣUAVࢆᇶ‽㠃࡜ᖹ⾜࡟㣕⾜ࡍࡿ࡜⢭ᗘࡀ୙ᆒ୍࡟࡞ࡿ࡜࠸࠺ࡇ࡜ࡀ♧ࡉࢀࡓ㸬ࡋ࠿ࡋ㸪㔜」ᗘࢆ୍ᐃ࡟ಖࡕ࡞ࡀࡽ㸪࣐ࢽࣗ࢔ࣝ᧯⦪࡛ᩳ㠃࡟ἢࡗ࡚㣕⾜ࡉࡏࡿࡇ࡜ࡣᅔ㞴࡛࠶ࡿ㸬ࡑࡢࡓࡵ㸪
UAVࢆ࡞ࡿ࡭ࡃᆅ⾲㠃࡜୍ᐃࡢ㧗ᗘࢆಖࡕ࡞ࡀࡽ㣕⾜ࡍࡿ⮬ᚊ㣕⾜࢔ࣉࣜࡢ㛤Ⓨࡀᮃࡲࢀࡿ㸬ㅰ㎡㸸ᮏ◊✲䛿䠈㻔බ㈈㻕㮵ඣᓥ┴ᘓタᢏ⾡䝉䞁䝍䞊䛾ຓᡂ䛻䜘䜚ᐇ᪋䛥䜜䛯䠊䛣䛣䛻グ䛧䛶䠈ㅰព䜢⾲䛩䜛䠊ཧ⪃ᩥ⊩㻌1) ᯇ⏣⿱ஓ㸸㛗኱ἲ㠃࡟࠾ࡅࡿ✵୰෗┿ 㔞࡟ࡼࡿฟ᮶ᙧ⟶⌮㸪ᖹᡂ 29 ᖺᗘ㏆␥ᆅ᪉ᩚഛᒁ◊✲Ⓨ⾲఍ㄽᩥ㞟㸪12㸬
2) Ⳣ஭⚽⩧㸪ᐑᆅ㑥ⱥ㸪୰ᮧᏕஅ㸪༡⚽࿴㸪ᶲඞᕭ㸸
UAV ࢆά⏝ࡋࡓ෗┿ 㔞ࡢ⢭ᗘ᳨ド㸪ᅜᅵᆅ⌮㝔᫬ሗ㸪129㸪2017㸬3) ᅜᅵ஺㏻┬ᅜᅵᆅ⌮㝔㸸UAV ࢆ⏝࠸ࡓබඹ 㔞࣐ࢽࣗ࢔ࣝ㸦᱌㸧㸪ᖹᡂ 29 ᖺ 3 ᭶ᨵṇ㸬 

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௒ᚋࡢᒎᮃࢆሗ࿌ࡍࡿࡶࡢ࡛࠶ࡿ㸬ቑ࠼࡚࠸ࡿ㸬ᆅᇦ࡟࠾ࡅࡿ࡟ࡂࢃ࠸ࡢ๰ฟࡀᆅ᪉ࡢ
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ࡘࡢ㘽࡜⪃࠼ࡽࢀࡿ㸬ᮏ◊✲ࡣ㸪㮵ඣᓥ┴ෆࡢᑡᏊ㧗㱋໬ᆅᇦࡢࡦ࡜ࡘ࡛࠶ࡿጸⰋᕷࡢᒣ⏣ᆅᇦ࡟࠾࠸
࡚㸪Ṕྐⓗᅵᮌᵓ㐀≀࡛࠶ࡿᒣ⏣ᶫࢆ฼ά⏝ࡋࡓᆅ㸰㸬ᒣ⏣ᆅᇦ࠾ࡼࡧᒣ⏣ᶫࡢᴫせᒣ⏣ᆅᇦࡣ㸪⸬ᨻᮇࡸ᫂἞㹼᫛࿴ึᮇࡢṔྐⓗᵓ㐀≀ࡸ㢼⩦࡞࡝Ṕྐᩥ໬ࡀṧࡿᆅᇦ࡛࠶ࡿ 㸧㸬ᪧᒣ⏣㯄ࡢ୰ᚰ⾤㊰࿘㎶࡟ࡣ⸬ᨻᮇ࠿ࡽࡢྡṧࢆឤࡌࡿຍ἞ᮌ▼ࡢ▼ሟࡀ㐃࡞ࡾ㸪ྠ⾤㊰ࡢ໭➃࡟ࡣ᪥㟢➨୍ᕤᴗ኱Ꮫ◊✲ሗ࿌ࠉ➨ྕࠉ ᡓதᚑ㌷⪅ࡢᖐ㑏ࢆ⚃࠸᫂἞  ᖺ࡟ᘓ㐀ࡉࢀࡓ▼㐀ࡢถ᪕㛛ᵓ㐀≀࡛࠶ࡿࠕᒣ⏣ࡢถ᪕㛛ࠖࡀ㙠ᗙࡋ࡚࠸ࡿ㸬Ṕྐⓗ౯್ࡀ㧗࠸ᒣ⏣ࡢถ᪕㛛ࡣᅜࡢ᭷ᙧ
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࢕࡜࡞ࡗ࡚࠸ࡿࡀ㸪௒ᅇࡢάື࡛ᑐ㇟࡜ࡋࡓᒣ⏣ᶫࡣ㸪ᪧᒣ⏣㯄ࡢ୰ᚰ⾤㊰ࢆ㏻ࡾᒣ⏣ࡢถ᪕㛛࡜୧➃࡛ࡘ࡞ࡀࡗ࡚࠸ࡿ㸬᫛࿴  ᖺ࡟❹ᕤࡋࡓᒣ⏣ᶫࡢᶫ⬮ࡸ㧗ḍ࡟ࡣ࢔࣮ࢳᙧ≧ࡢ㐀ᙧࡀከࡃ㸪 ᖺ๓࡟ᘓ㐀ࡉࢀࡓถ᪕㛛࡜㞺ᅖẼࢆྜࢃࡏࡓ࡜⪃࠼ࡽࢀ࡚࠸ࡿ㸬ࡲࡓ㸪ᒣ⏣ᶫࡣ㸪ᆅᇦࡢࡶ࠺ࡦ࡜ࡘࡢ࢔࢖ࢹ
ࣥࢸ࢕ࢸ࢕࡛࠶ࡿΎὶ࣭ᒣ⏣ᕝ࡟ᯫ࠿ࡗ࡚࠸ࡿ㸬ᒣ⏣ᶫࡢᶫୖ࠿ࡽࡣᆅᇦ࡟ᗈࡀࡿ⏣ᅬ㢼ᬒࡸ⮬↛ᬒほࡀ୍ᮃ࡛ࡁ㸪㣕᮶ࡍࡿ࢝࣡ࢭ࣑ࡸ࣐ࣖࢭ࣑࡞࡝ࡢ㔝㫽ほᐹࡣ㸪ᆅᇦࡢᏊ౪࡟࡜ࡗ࡚㈗㔜࡞⎔ቃᏛ⩦ࡢሙ࡟࡞ࡗ࡚࠸ࡿ㸦ᅗ㸧㸬ࡲࡓ㸪ᒣ⏣ᆅᇦࡣ㸪ᕷႠᅋᆅࡢᩚഛ࡟ࡼࡾ୍㒊ᆅᇦ࡟࠾࠸࡚ⱝᖺᒙࡢ⛣ఫࡀ㐍ࢇ࡛࠸ࡿࡀ㸪ᮍࡔ㧗㱋໬⋡ࡀ  ๭ࢆ㉸࠼ࡿ㞟ⴠࡀከ࠸㸬ேཱྀῶᑡࡢࡓࡵ࡟ၟᗑࡀᾘ࠼㸪ࣂࢫࡢ㐠⾜ᅇᩘࡀῶࡾ㸪ᒣ⏣ᑠᏛᰯࡸᒣ⏣୰Ꮫᰯࡢඣ❺࣭⏕ᚐᩘࡣῶᑡࡋ࡚࠸ࡿ㸬ⱝ⪅ࡢῶᑡ࡜㧗㱋໬ࡢ㐍⾜࡟ࡼࡾ⮬἞఍ࡢάືࢆ༑ศ࡟ᶵ⬟ࡉࡏࡿࡇ࡜ࡀᅔ㞴࡜࡞ࡾ㸪Ỉ⏣ࡢ⪔సࡸ㫽⋇⿕ᐖ࡬ࡢᑐᛂࡶ㞴ࡋࡃ࡞ࡗ࡚࠸ࡿ㸬ࡇࡢࡼ࠺࡟ᑡᏊ㧗㱋໬࡟ࡼࡿ♫఍ᶵ⬟ࡢపୗࡀ㐍ࢇ࡛࠸ࡿࡀ㸪ᆅᇦࡢ⾜஦࡛࠶ࡿࠕᒣ⏣ࡢ㔛࠿࠿ࡋ⚍ࡾࠖࡸ㸪᫂἞ᮇ࠿ࡽࡢṔྐࢆ᭷ࡋ๰❧  ࿘ᖺࢆ㏄࠼ࡓᒣ⏣ᑠᏛᰯࡢᰯᗞ࠿ࡽ⪺ࡇ࠼ࡿᏊ౪ࡓࡕࡢ࡟ࡂ
ࡸ࠿࡞ኌࡀ㸪ྠᆅᇦࡢάຊ࡜࡞ࡗ࡚࠸ࡿ㸬ᒣ⏣ᶫࡣ㸪㮵ඣᓥ┴ጸⰋᕷࡢᒣ⏣ᆅᇦ࡟ṧࡿ᫛࿴ ᖺ࡟ᘓタࡉࢀࡓ㕲➽ࢥࣥࢡ࣮ࣜࢺᶫ࡛࠶ࡿ㸦෗┿㸧㸬ᒣ⏣ᶫࡀᘓタࡉࢀࡓ኱ṇ㹼᫛࿴ึᮇࡣ㸪኱⾗ᩥ໬ࡀ㝯┒ࡍࡿ࡜࡜ࡶ࡟㸪᫂἞௨㝆ࡢ㏆௦໬ࡀᆅᇦ
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ᅗ ᒣ⏣ᆅᇦࡢ❧ᆅᴫせ෗┿ ᒣ⏣ᶫ㸦᫛࿴  ᖺ❹ᕤ࣭㕲➽ࢥࣥࢡ࣮ࣜࢺ㐀㸧࡟ཬࢇࡔ᫬௦࡛࠶ࡿ㸬㮵ඣᓥ┴࡟࠾࠸࡚ࡶ⤒῭ᜍៃࡢᩆ῭ࡸ㎰ᮧࡢ㏆௦໬ࢆ┠ⓗ࡟ከࡃࡢ㏆௦ᵓ㐀≀ࡀᘓタࡉࢀࡓ㸬࡞࠿࡛ࡶ㸪㛵ᮾ኱㟈⅏ࢆཷࡅ࡚ὀ┠ࡉࢀࡓ㕲➽ࢥࣥࢡ࣮ࣜࢺࢆ⏝࠸࡚ᘓタࡉࢀࡓᶫᱱࡣ㸪ྛᆅᇦࡢ୍኱஦ᴗ࡜ࡋ࡚ከࡃࡢ㈝⏝ࢆ࠿ࡅ୎ᑀ࡟㐀ࡽࢀ㸪㧗ḍࡸぶᰕ࡟ࡣ⣽ࡸ࠿࡞ព໶㐀ᙧࢆ᪋ࡋࡓࡶ
ࡢࡀከ࠸㸬ᒣ⏣ᶫࡣ㸪㧗ḍ࡜ぶᰕࡀ⌧Ꮡࡋ㸪࠿ࡘ㸪ᶫ㛗 P ࢆ㉸࠼ࡿ㛗኱ᶫ࡜ࡋ࡚ࡣ㸪㮵ඣᓥ┴ෆ࡟ṧࡿ᭱ྂࡢ㕲➽ࢥࣥࢡ࣮ࣜࢺᶫ࡛࠶ࡿ㸬࢔࣮࣭ࣝࢹ
ࢥㄪࡢព໶ࡀ᪋ࡉࢀࡓᶫୖࡢ㧗ḍ࡜ぶᰕࡣ㸪⾲㠃ࡢࣔࣝࢱࣝࡀ㢼໬ࡋ࡚⋢▼㦵ᮦࡀ㟢ฟࡋ࡚࠾ࡾ㸪㊃῝࠸ࢸࢡࢫࢳ࣮ࣕࢆ᭷ࡋ࡚࠸ࡿ㸬 ᖺ㛫㸪ᆅᇦ࡛౪⏝ࡉࢀࡓ⌧ᅾࡢᒣ⏣ᶫࡣ᪥ᖖࡢᬽࡽࡋࡸ㢼ᬒࡢ୍㒊࡜࡞ࡗ࡚࠸ࡿࡀ㸪࿘㎶ࡢ⮬↛ࡸṔྐⓗᵓ㐀≀࡜࡜ࡶ࡟ᒣ⏣ᆅᇦࡢ㈗㔜࡞άᛶ໬㈨※࡛࠶ࡿ࡜࠸࠼ࡿ㸬
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⩚㔝㸸ᆅᇦ㑇⏘ࢆά⏝ࡋࡓᑡᏊ㧗㱋໬♫఍ࡢᆅᇦάື࡜ᆅᇦᩍ⫱㸱㸬ᒣ⏣ᶫⅉ⠢࡙ࡃࡾ࣮࣡ࢡࢩࣙࢵࣉ
➹⪅ࡽࡣ㸪ᒣ⏣ᶫࢆᑐ㇟࡟ᆅᇦࡢྂ⪁࠿ࡽ⏕άࡢグ᠈ࢆ཰㞟ࡍࡿ࣮࣭࢜ࣛࣝࣄࢫࢺ࣮ࣜㄪᰝࡸ㸪ྠㄪᰝ࡟ࡼࡾ཰㞟ࡉࢀࡓཱྀఏ᝟ሗࢆࡶ࡜࡟ไసࡋࡓṔྐ⣬Ⱚᒃࡢᐇ₇఍㛤ദ࡞࡝㸪ࡇࢀࡲ࡛ᒣ⏣ᆅᇦ࡟࠾࠸
࡚ྠᶫࡢ฼ά⏝࡟ྲྀࡾ⤌ࢇ࡛ࡁࡓ 㸧㸬ᒣ⏣ᕝࡢ἞Ỉ஦ᴗ࡟ࡼࡾୗὶഃ࡟㞄᥋ࡋ࡚᪂タࡉࢀࡓ᪂ᶫࡢ❹ᕤᚋ㸪⌧ᅾࡢᒣ⏣ᶫࡣゎయࡉࢀࡿணᐃ࡛࠶ࡿࡀ㸪ᕤ⛬ୖ㸪᪂タᶫࡢ❹ᕤ࠿ࡽゎయᕤ஦㛤ጞࡲ࡛ⱝᖸࡢ᫬
㛫ⓗ㛫㝸ࡀ⏕ࡌࡓ㸬ࡑࡢ㛫㸪ᒣ⏣ᶫ࡜᪂ᶫࡣᖹ⾜ࡋ࡚౪⏝ࡉࢀࡓࡀ㸪⮬ື㌴஺㏻ࡣ᪂タᶫ࡟⛣⾜ࡉࢀ㸪ᒣ⏣ᶫࡣṌ⾜⪅ᑓ⏝㊰࡜ࡋ࡚฼⏝ࡉࢀࡓ㸬ᒣ⏣ᶫࡢᶫୖࡀᏳ඲࡟࢖࣋ࣥࢺ➼࡟฼⏝࡛ࡁࡿ✵㛫࡜࡞ࡗࡓࡇ࡜࠿ࡽ㸪௒ᅇ㸪ᒣ⏣ᶫࡢᶫୖࢆᡭసࡾࡢⅉ⠢࡛ⅉ
ࡍⅬⅉ࢖࣋ࣥࢺࢆ௻⏬ࡋ㸪ྠ࢖࣋ࣥࢺ࡛タ⨨ࡍࡿⅉ⠢ࢆᆅᇦࡢᏊ౪࡜㧗㱋⪅ࡀ୍⥴࡟ไసࡍࡿఫẸཧຍᆺ࣮࣡ࢡࢩࣙࢵࣉࢆ㛤ദࡍࡿࡇ࡜࡟ࡼࡾ㸪ᆅᇦ㑇⏘ࡢၨⵚࢆᅗࡗࡓ㸬ᒣ⏣ᶫࡢⅉ⠢࡙ࡃࡾ࣮࣡ࢡࢩࣙࢵࣉࡣ㸪ᖹᡂ ᖺ  ᭶  ᪥㸪ᒣ⏣ᑠᏛᰯయ⫱㤋࡟࡚ᒣ⏣ᑠᏛᰯࡢ඲ᰯ⏕ᚐ  ྡ㸪ಖㆤ⪅࠾ࡼࡧᆅᇦࡢ㧗㱋⪅  ྡ㸪ᒣ⏣ᑠᏛᰯᩍ⫋ဨ࠾ࡼࡧ➨୍ᕤᴗ኱Ꮫ⩚㔝◊✲ᐊࡢᏛ⏕ࢫࢱࢵࣇࡀཧຍࡋ࡚㸪ⅉ⠢ࡢࢩ࢙࣮ࢻ࡜࡞ࡿ࿴
⣬࡟⤮ࢆᥥࡃ࣮࣡ࢡࢩࣙࢵࣉࢆ㛤ദࡋࡓ㸬ᖹᡂ ᖺᗘ࡟㸪➨୍ᕤᴗ኱Ꮫ⩚㔝◊✲ᐊࡣᒣ⏣ᑠᏛᰯࡢ඲
ᰯ⏕ᚐࢆᑐ㇟࡟ᒣ⏣ᶫࡢṔྐ⣬Ⱚᒃᐇ₇఍ࢆᐇ᪋ࡋࡓࡀ 㸧㸪⣬Ⱚᒃࢆほࡓཧຍ⏕ᚐ࠿ࡽ㸪ᡓ᫬୰ࡢ౪
ฟ࡟ࡼࡾ᧔ཤࡉࢀࡓᒣ⏣ᶫࡢぶᰕ↷᫂ࢆ⮬ࡽࡢᡭ࡛᚟άࡉࡏࡓ࠸࡜ࡢពぢࡀฟࡓ㸬௒ᅇࡢⅉ⠢࡙ࡃࡾ࣮࣡ࢡࢩࣙࢵࣉࡣ㸪ᙜ᫬ࡢᏊ౪ࡓࡕࡢ᝿࠸࡟ᛂ࠼ࡿࡶ
ࡢ࡛ࡶ࠶ࡿ㸬ⅉ⠢ࢩ࢙࣮ࢻ࿴⣬ࡢస⏬ࡣᑠᏛᰯࡢྛᏛᖺࡢᏛ⩦ࣞ࣋ࣝ࡟ྜࢃࡏࡓ㐨ලࢆ⏝࠸࡚ᐇ᪋ࡋ㸪ᑠᏛᰯ ᖺ⏕ࡣࢡࣞࣚࣥࢆ౑⏝ࡋ㸪ᑠᏛᰯ  ᖺ⏕ࡣỈᙬ⤮ࡢලࢆ౑⏝ࡋ࡚స⏬ࡋࡓ㸬ᑠᏛᰯ  ᖺ⏕࡜ᆅᇦఫẸࡣ࿴⣬ࢆ⏝࠸ࡓࡕࡂࡾ⤮ࢆไసࡋࡓ㸬࿴⣬࡟ࡣ㸪ᒣ⏣ᕝࡢ㔝㫽ࡸ㩗㸪ᕝ࢚ࣅ㸪ⰼ࡞࡝ᒣ⏣ᆅᇦࡢᛮ࠸
ฟࡢ㢼ᬒࡀᥥ࠿ࢀࡓ㸬ⅉ⠢ࡢไస㐣⛬࡛ࡣ㸪ᑠᏛᰯᩍဨ㸪⏕ᚐ㸪࠾ࡼࡧ㸪ᆅᇦఫẸࡢ㛫࡟㸪ᒣ⏣ᶫࡸᒣ⏣ᆅᇦࡢᛮ࠸ฟࡢ㢼ᬒ࡟㛵ࡍࡿ఍ヰࡀ⏕ࡲࢀ㸪ୡ௦㛫஺ὶࡢᶵ఍࡜࡞ࡗࡓ㸬࣮࣡ࢡࢩࣙࢵࣉࡢ఍ሙࡣ㸪 ᇶࡢ኱ᆺࢫࢡ࣮ࣜࣥࢆタ⨨ࡋ㸪ไసࡢཧ⪃࡜࡞ࡿ୍⯡ⓗ࡞⏕≀ࡢ෗┿ࡸࡕࡂࡾ⤮ࡢࢧࣥࣉࣝ⏬ീࢆᥦ♧ࡋࡓ㸬఍ሙ๓㠃࡟ࡣⅉ⠢ࡢᐇ≀ࢧࣥࣉࣝ࡜㸪 ࢫࢣ࣮ࣝࡢⅉ⠢ࢆ㓄⨨ࡋࡓᒣ⏣ᶫࡢ඲యᶍᆺࢆᒎ♧ࡋ㸪ཧຍ⪅ࡣ࣮࣡ࢡ

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෗┿ ⵦ⏕ᡭⁿࡁ࿴⣬࡟⤮ࢆᥥࡃཧຍ⪅

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➨୍ᕤᴗ኱Ꮫ◊✲ሗ࿌ࠉ➨ྕࠉ 

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࠶ࡿ࢟ࣕࣥࢻࣝࢱ࢖ࣉࢆ᥇⏝ࡋࡓ㸬ⅉ⠢ࡢᇶ㒊ࡣ㸪ᶫୖ࡟࠾ࡅࡿ㢼㞵࡬ࡢ⪏ஂᛶ࡜㸪ⅉ⠢ࢩ࢙࣮ࢻࡢタ⨨ᐜ᫆ᛶࢆ⪃៖ࡋ࡚㸪ᅬⱁ⏝ࡢࣉࣛࢫࢳࢵࢡ㖊ࢆ㑅ᐃࡋࡓ㸬ⅉ⠢ࡢᙧ≧ࡣ㸪ࣉࣛࢫࢳࢵࢡ㖊࡟ /(' ↷᫂ࢆタ⨨ࡋ㸪࣮࣡ࢡࢩࣙࢵࣉཧຍ⪅ࡀస⏬ࡋࡓ࿴⣬ࢩ࢙࣮ࢻࢆ⟄≧࡟ᕳࡁ⿕ࡏࡿࢥ࣮ࣥᙧ≧ࢆ᥇⏝ࡋࡓ㸬ࢥ࣮ࣥᙧ≧࡟ࡼࡾⅉ⠢ෆ㒊ࡢேᕤⓗ࡞ /(' ↷᫂ࢆ㞃ࡋ㸪࠿ࡘ㸪⪏㢼ᛶࡢྥୖࢆᮇᚅࡋࡓ㸦ᅗ㸧㸬ࡲࡓ㸪ⅉ⠢ࡢไసᩘ㔞ࡣ㸪ᶫ㛗 㹫࡛࠶ࡿᒣ⏣ᶫࡢᶫୖࢆ༳㇟ⓗ࡟ⅉࡍࡓࡵ࡟ᚲせ࡞ᇶᩘ࡜ࡋ㸪 ᶍᆺࢆ౑⏝ࡋࡓࢫࢱࢹ࢕࡜⌧ᆅ࡛ࡢ⡆᫆ࣔࢵࢡ࢔ࢵࣉࢆ⏝࠸ࡓࢫࢣ࣮ࣝ☜ㄆࢆࡶ࡜࡟ไసᩘ㔞ࢆ ᇶ࡜ࡋࡓ㸦ᅗ㸧㸬෗┿ ࣮࣡ࢡࢩࣙࢵࣉཧຍᑠᏛ⏕඲ဨࡢグᛕ෗┿෗┿ ⵦ⏕ࡢᒣ㛫࡛ఏ⤫ᕤἲ࡟ᇶ࡙ࡁᡭⁿࡁ࿴⣬ࢆ〇㐀ࡍࡿᑠ಴࿴⣬ᕤᡣࢩࣙࢵࣉࢆ⤒࡚᏶ᡂࡍࡿⅉ⠢ࡢ࢖࣓࣮ࢪࢆ☜ㄆࡋ࡞ࡀࡽసᴗࢆ㐍ࡵࡓ㸦෗┿㸪ᅗ㸧㸬ⅉ⠢ࡢࢩ࢙࣮ࢻ࡟౑⏝ࡍࡿ࿴⣬ࡣ㸪ⵦ⏕ࡢᡭⁿࡁ࿴⣬ࠕ࠿ࡶࡀࢇࠖࢆ᥇⏝ࡋࡓ㸬ᒣ⏣ᆅᇦ࡟㞄᥋ࡍࡿṔྐᆅ༊࡛࠶ࡿⵦ⏕࡛ࡣ㸪᫂἞᫬௦࡟  ே⛬ࡢᡭⁿࡁ࿴⣬⫋ேࡀ࿴⣬࡙ࡃࡾࢆႠࢇ࡛࠸ࡓࡀ㸪ᡓᚋ㸪⫋ேᩘࡣῶᑡࡋ㸪⌧ᅾṧࡿᕤᡣࡣࢃࡎ࠿࡛࠶ࡿ㸬ⵦ⏕ᡭⁿࡁ࿴⣬ࡢ〇㐀ࡣ㸪ఏ⤫࡜ᢏ⾡ࢆᏲࡾ㸪࢝ࢪࣀ࢟ࡢཎᮌࡢ⓶࡜ᒣỈࢆ౑⏝ࡋ࡚࠾ࡾ⪏ஂᛶ࡟ඃࢀ࡚
࠸ࡿ㸬♫఍ࡢせㄳࡢኚ໬࡜࡜ࡶ࡟ῶᑡࡍࡿᡭⁿࡁ࿴⣬ࢆ⏝࠸࡚㸪ᯫࡅ᭰࠼ࡀ㐍ࡴᡓ๓ࡢṔྐⓗᵓ㐀≀࡟ᑐࡍࡿ౯್ㄆ㆑ࡢ㔊ᡂࢆᮇᚅࡋࡓ㸬ⅉ⠢ࡢⅉࡾࡣ㸪ᑠᏛ⏕ࡢ౑⏝ࡸ⣬〇ࢩ࢙࣮ࢻࡢ᥇
⏝࡟ࡼࡿᏳ඲ᛶࢆ⪃៖ࡋ࡚ /(' 〇ࡢ↷᫂ࢆ᥇⏝ࡋࡓ㸬ኪ㛫Ⅼⅉᐇ㦂࡟ࡼࡾ㸪ᡭⁿࡁ࿴⣬〇ࢩ࢙࣮ࢻ࡟
ᑐࡋ࡚༑ศ࡞ග㔞ࢆ᭷ࡋ㸪࠿ࡘ㸪༳㇟ⓗ࡞ගᬒࢆ₇ฟ࡛ࡁࡿ /(' ↷᫂ࡢࢱ࢖ࣉࢆ᳨ウࡋ㸪ࡺࡽࡵࡁࡢ
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ᅗ ⅉ⠢ࡢไసࢫࢸࢵࣉ

ᅗ ⅉ⠢ไసᇶᩘࡢ᳨ウ

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⩚㔝㸸ᆅᇦ㑇⏘ࢆά⏝ࡋࡓᑡᏊ㧗㱋໬♫఍ࡢᆅᇦάື࡜ᆅᇦᩍ⫱㸲㸬ᒣ⏣ᶫⅉ⠢Ⅼⅉ࢖࣋ࣥࢺ
ⅉ⠢࡙ࡃࡾ࣮࣡ࢡࢩࣙࢵࣉࢆཷࡅ࡚㸪ᒣ⏣ᑠᏛᰯࡢ⏕ᚐ࠾ࡼࡧᆅᇦఫẸࡀไసࡋࡓⅉ⠢ࢆᶫୖ࡟タ⨨ࡋⅬⅉࡍࡿ࢖࣋ࣥࢺࢆ㛤ദࡋࡓ㸬ᖹᡂ  ᖺ  ᭶ ᪥㸪ᒣ⏣ᶫࡢᶫୖ࡟࡚ᒣ⏣ᑠᏛᰯࡢ⏕ᚐ࠾ࡼࡧಖㆤ
⪅㸪⮬἞఍㛗㸪ᒣ⏣ᑠᏛᰯᰯ㛗࠾ࡼࡧᩍဨ㸪ጸⰋᕷ࠾ࡼࡧ㮵ඣᓥ┴ࡢ⾜ᨻ⫋ဨ㸪┴㆟఍㆟ဨ㸪➨୍ᕤᴗ኱Ꮫ⩚㔝◊✲ᐊࡢᏛ⏕ࢫࢱࢵࣇ➼ࡀཧຍࡋ࡚㸪ᇶࡢⅉ⠢ࢆᶫୖ࡟タ⨨ࡋ࡚Ⅼⅉࡋࡓ㸦෗┿㸪㸧㸬
Ⅼⅉ࢖࣋ࣥࢺࡢ఍ሙࡣ᪥ἐ๓࠿ࡽ࡟ࡂࢃ࠸㸪ᆅᇦࡢෆእ࠿ࡽ  ྡࢆ㉸࠼ࡿཧຍ⪅ࡀ᮶ሙࡋࡓ㸬ⅉ⠢Ⅼⅉᘧࡣ㸪ᒣ⏣ᆅᇦࡢᖺ㛫᭱኱⾜஦࡛࠶ࡿࠕᒣ⏣ࡢ㔛࠿࠿ࡋ⚍ࡾࠖࡢ๓ኪ⚍࡜ࡋ࡚㸪ᒣ⏣ᰯ༊ࢥ࣑ࣗࢽࢸ
࢕༠㆟఍࡜㐃ᦠࡋ࡚㛤ദࡋࡓ㸬ᒣ⏣ᶫࡢᶫୖ࡟ࡣ࣡
࣮ࢡࢩࣙࢵࣉ࡟࡚ไసࡋࡓ࿴⣬ⅉ⠢ࢆタ⨨ࡋࡓࡀ㸪୧ᓊࡢᶫワᗈሙ㸪ᕥᓊഃࡢす⏣ࡢ⏣ࡢ⚄ᵝ▼ീ఩⨨㸪ᒣ⏣ࡢถ᪕㛛๓ᗈሙ㸪࠾ࡼࡧ㸪࠿࠿ࡋ⚍ࡾࡢ࠿࠿ࡋ
ᒎ♧఍ሙࡢィ  ࠿ᡤ࡟㸪ᒣ⏣ᰯ༊ࢥ࣑ࣗࢽࢸ࢕༠㆟఍ࡀᡤ᭷ࡍࡿ➉ⅉ⡲ࢆタ⨨ࡋࡓ㸬Ⅼⅉᘧᙜ᪥ࡣ㸪᮶ሙ⪅࡟ᆅᇦෆࡢ  ࠿ᡤࡢⅉ⠢ࡵࡄࡾࢆ⤂௓ࡍࡿࠕᒣ
⏣ࡢ㔛ⅉ⠢ࡵࡄࡾࡲࡗ࡫ࠖࢆ㓄ᕸࡋ㸪ᩓ⟇ࢆㄏⓎࡋࡓ㸦ᅗ㸧㸬ⅉ⠢Ⅼⅉᘧ࡟࠾ࡅࡿⅬⅉ㛤ጞ᫬้ࡣ㸪᪥ἐࡢ᫬㛫ࢆ⪃៖ࡋ࡚タᐃࡋࡓ㸬᪥ἐᚋࡋࡤࡽࡃࡣ᫂ࡿࡃ㸪ⅉ⠢ࡢⅬⅉ࡟ࡼࡿ༳㇟ⓗ࡞ගᬒࡢ๰ฟࡀᅔ㞴࡛࠶ࡿࡇ࡜࠿ࡽ㸪ᒇእ࡟࡚ኪ㛫Ⅼⅉヨ㦂ࢆᐇ᪋ࡋ㸪ⅉ⠢ࡢⅬⅉ㛤ጞ࡟㐺ࡋࡓ᫬㛫タᐃࢆ᳨ウࡋࡓ㸬ኪ㛫Ⅼⅉヨ㦂෗┿ ⅉ⠢Ⅼⅉᘧ㛤ጞ๓ࡢ఍ሙࡢ≧ἣ㸦᪥ἐ๓㸧

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෗┿ ⅉ⠢Ⅼⅉᚋࡢ఍ሙࡢ≧ἣ㸦᪥ἐᚋ㸧

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ᅗ ⅉ⠢Ⅼⅉᘧ᮶ሙ⪅࡟㓄ᕸࡋࡓ࣐ࢵࣉ

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➨୍ᕤᴗ኱Ꮫ◊✲ሗ࿌ࠉ➨ྕࠉ ⾲ ᒣ⏣ᶫⅉ⠢࡙ࡃࡾ࣮࣡ࢡࢩࣙࢵࣉ࡟㛵ࡍࡿሗ㐨‫إ‬ᢊೞ᧙

ਫ਼᠍ଐὉ્ᡛଐ

ᙸЈẲὉἝἷὊἋἑỶἚἽ

ᵏ

ᵫᵠᵡ
Ҥଐஜ્ᡛ

࠯঺ᵐᵗ࠰
ᵗஉᵏᵒଐ્ᡛ
ἝἷὊἌἜỸ

ଯԧᵒ࠰࡫ᚨẅჄϋஇӞẅἅὅἁἼὊἚ೛ᚐ˳ồμఄδᇜᵔᵗʴể˰ൟỤỂ໊ሺỀẪụ

ᵐ

ஔଐૼᎥ

࠯঺ᵐᵗ࠰
ᵗஉᵏᵓଐஔБᵗᵎ࠰ỉज़ᜓᡂỜ໊ሺỉዋ‫ۉ‬ᑣὉ‫ޛ‬ဋ೛ẅδᇜỤКủ़Ẳớ

ᵑ

ҤଐஜૼᎥ

࠯঺ᵐᵗ࠰
ᵗஉᵏᵗଐஔБᵗᵎ࠰ỉഭӪỆज़ᜓ‫ޛ‬ဋ೛Ệ໊ሺ᫭Ứạẅ‫ۉ‬ᑣ

ᵒ

ᛠ٥ૼᎥ

࠯঺ᵐᵗ࠰
ᵗஉᵐᵏଐஔБẰợạễỤ‫ޛ‬ဋ೛ẅ໊ሺỂẐ೛໊ẑửϐྵჄϋஇӞẅᤧሂἅὅἁἼὊἚ೛⾲ ᒣ⏣ᶫⅉ⠢Ⅼⅉᘧ࡟㛵ࡍࡿሗ㐨ᅗ ᪥ἐᚋࡢ᫬㛫⤒㐣࡜ⅉ⠢ /(' ↷᫂ࡢග㔞㸦ᕥ㸸࢟ࣕࣥࢻࣝࣛ࢖ࢺᆺ /(' ↷᫂㸪ྑ㸸ࢫࢱࣥࢻࣛ࢖ࢺᆺ /('↷᫂㸧ࡢ⤖ᯝ㸪᪥ἐᚋ  ศ⛬ᗘ⤒㐣ࡍࡿ࡜௒ᅇ᥇⏝ࡋࡓ࢟ࣕࣥࢻࣝࣛ࢖ࢺᆺ /(' ↷᫂࡟࠾࠸࡚༑ศ࡞ග㔞ࢆ☜ಖ࡛ࡁࡿࡇ࡜ࡀุ᫂ࡋ㸦ᅗ㸧㸪ⅉ⠢Ⅼⅉᘧ࡟
࠾ࡅࡿⅬⅉ㛤ጞ᫬้ࡢཧ⪃࡜ࡋࡓ㸬 ᒣ⏣ᶫⅉ⠢Ⅼⅉᘧࡢᙜ᪥ࡣ㸪᪥ἐ๓࠿ࡽᆅᇦࡢᏊ
౪ࡸಖㆤ⪅㸪㧗㱋⪅➼ከࡃࡢཧຍ⪅ࡀ᮶ሙࡋࡓ㸬఍ሙࡢᒣ⏣ᶫᶫୖࡣ㸪Ꮚ౪ࡓࡕࡀ㉮ࡾᅇࡾ㸪࡟ࡂࡸ࠿࡞✵㛫࡜࡞ࡗࡓ㸦๓ᥖ ෗┿㸧㸬᪥ἐᚋ㸪ⅉ⠢ࢆ
Ⅼⅉࡍࡿ᫬้࡟࡞ࡿ࡜㸪ᆅᇦእ࠿ࡽࡶከࡃࡢ᮶ሙ⪅ࡀᒣ⏣ᶫࢆゼࢀࡓ㸬ୗὶഃ࡟୪⾜ࡋ࡚ᯫࡅࡽࢀࡓ᪂
タᶫࡣ㸪ⅉ⠢ࡢ㢼ᬒࢆ═ࡵࡿどⅬሙ࡜࡞ࡾ㸪ᜦዲࡢ᧜ᙳሙᡤ࡜࡞ࡗࡓ㸬ከࡃࡢ෗┿ឡዲᐙࡀ୕⬮ࢆᵓ࠼㸪㛗᫬㛫᧜ᙳ࡟ἐ㢌ࡋࡓ㸬ᶫୖࡣ㸪ᆅᇦࡢᛮ࠸ฟࢆㄒ
ࡾྜ࠺஭ᡞ➃఍㆟ࡢሙ࡜࡞ࡾ㸪㧗㱋⪅ࡣ ᫬ࡢ࡟ࡂࢃ࠸ࢆ᠜࠿ࡋࡳ㸪ⱝ⪅ࡸᏊ౪ࡣ⦕᪥ࡢࡼ࠺࡞㧗ᥭឤࢆඹ᭷ࡋࡓ㸦๓ᥖ෗┿㸧㸬㸳㸬ⅉ⠢ࡢྲྀࡾ⤌ࡳ࡟㛵ࡍࡿᆅᇦࡢ཯ᛂ
ᒣ⏣ᶫⅉ⠢࡙ࡃࡾ࣮࣡ࢡࢩࣙࢵࣉ࠾ࡼࡧⅬⅉᘧ࡟㛵ࡋ࡚㸪᪂⪺♫㸪ᨺ㏦ᒁ➼ࡢྛ✀ሗ㐨ᶵ㛵ࡀሗ㐨ࡋࡓ㸬ሗ㐨ෆᐜࡣ㸪㮵ඣᓥ┴ෆ᭱ྂࡢ㕲➽ࢥࣥࢡ࣮ࣜ
ࢺᶫࡢゎయ࡟㝿ࡋ࡚㸪࠾ูࢀ࢖࣋ࣥࢺ࡜ࡋ࡚௻⏬࣭㛤ദࡉࢀࡓ᪨➼㸪୺࡟ᙜ᪥ࡢ≧ἣࡸྲྀࡾ⤌ࡳࡢ┠ⓗ࡟㛵ࡍࡿࡶࡢ࡛࠶ࡗࡓ㸦⾲㸪㸧㸬ࡑࡢᚋ㸪ࡇࢀࡽ┤᥋ⓗ࡞ሗ㐨ࢆཷࡅ࡚㸪ᑠᏛᰯࡢ⏕ᚐࡸᒣ⏣ᆅᇦእࡢ㧗㱋⪅ࡀ᪂⪺⣬ࡢᕷẸᢞ✏ḍ࡟ᒣ⏣ᶫ࡟ᑐࡍࡿ
⮬ࡽࡢ᝿࠸ࢆᐤ✏ࡋ㸪᪂⪺グ⪅ࡀグ⪅ࢥ࣒ࣛḍ࡟ᒣ⏣ᶫࡢ฼ά⏝ࢆ᥎ዡࡍࡿពぢࢆᥖ㍕ࡍࡿ࡞࡝㸪஦ᚋࡢ㛫᥋ⓗ࡞཯ᛂࡀከࡃࡳࡽࢀࡓ㸦⾲㸧㸬ࡲࡓ㸪ᖹᡂ  ᖺ  ᭶  ᪥࡟㛤ദࡉࢀࡓᒣ⏣ࡢ㔛࠿࠿ࡋ⚍ࡾ࡟࠾࠸࡚㸪ᒣ⏣ᶫࢆ㢟ᮦ࡟ࡋࡓ࠿࠿ࡋࡀ
ไసࡉࢀࡓ㸬ᒣ⏣ࡢ㔛࠿࠿ࡋ⚍ࡾࡣ㸪ᖹᡂ  ᖺᗘ࠿ࡽጞࡲࡾᖹᡂ  ᖺᗘ࡛  ᅇ┠ࡢ㛤ദ࡜࡞ࡿᆅᇦࡢ
௦⾲ⓗ࡞ᖺ㛫᭱኱ࡢ࢖࣋ࣥࢺ࡛࠶ࡿ㸬౛ᖺ㸪Ꮚ౪࠿‫إ‬ᢊೞ᧙

ਫ਼᠍ଐὉ્ᡛଐ

ᙸЈẲὉἝἷὊἋἑỶἚἽ

ᵏ

ᵫᵠᵡ
Ҥଐஜ્ᡛ

࠯঺ᵐᵗ࠰
ᵗஉᵐᵑଐ્ᡛ

‫ܖݱ‬ఄỉδᇜở˰ൟầ৖˺ụỉ໊ሺẅኖᵏᵓᵎؕửɳỔỦ

ᵐ

ҤଐஜૼᎥ

࠯঺ᵐᵗ࠰
ᵗஉᵐᵒଐஔБગӊỉ‫ޛ‬ဋ೛ẅ໊ሺỂ़К⾲ ሗ㐨࡟ࡳࡿᒣ⏣ᶫࡢྲྀ⤌ࡳ࡟㛵ࡍࡿ஦ᚋࡢ཯ᛂ
‫إ‬ᢊೞ᧙

ਫ਼᠍ଐὉ્ᡛଐ

ᵏ

ᵤᵫẝẟỤ

࠯঺ᵐᵗ࠰
ᵗஉᵏᵒଐ્ᡛ

ᙸЈẲὉἝἷὊἋἑỶἚἽ‫ޛ‬ဋ೛ể‫ࣱ҄෇؏ע‬Ệếẟề

ᵐ

ҤଐஜૼᎥ

࠯঺ᵐᵗ࠰
ᵗஉᵐᵐଐஔБọỨịഇỆ‫ܖݱ‬ဃỉ٣ầਫ਼᠍ẰợạễỤ‫ޛ‬ဋ೛ẅ‫ޛ‬ဋ‫ݱ‬ᾃ࠰ᵑᵫᵠᵡἻἊỼ࠯঺ᵐᵗ࠰ᵗஉᵐᵑଐ્ᡛ

‫ޛ‬ဋ೛ể‫ࣱ҄෇؏ע‬Ệếẟề

ᵒ

ҤଐஜૼᎥ

࠯঺ᵐᵗ࠰
ᵗஉᵐᵓଐஔБᚡᎍỉႸἅἻἲẅ‫ۉ‬ᑣૅ‫ޅ‬‫؏ע‬ᢡငửசஹồ

ᵓ

ҤଐஜૼᎥ

࠯঺ᵐᵗ࠰
ᵏᵎஉᵑଐஔБọỨịഇỆ˰ൟỉ٣ầਫ਼᠍‫ޛ‬ဋ೛ગӊỆ‫̓܇‬ỉ᪭࣬ẟЈẴẅᵖᵎˊဏࣱࡽ㧗㱋⪅ࡲ࡛ᴦࡋࡵࡿከ✀ከᵝ࡞࠿࠿ࡋࡀఫẸ➼࡟ࡼࡾไసࡉࢀᒎ♧ࡉࢀࡿࡀ㸪ᖹᡂ  ᖺᗘࡣ㸪ᒣ⏣ᑠᏛᰯ  ᖺ⏕ࡢⓎ᱌࡟ࡼࡾ㸪Ꮚ౪ࡓࡕࡀᒣ⏣ᶫࡢ࠿࠿ࡋࢆไసࡋᒎ♧ࡋࡓ㸦෗┿㸧㸬ࡉࡽ࡟㸪ྠࡌࡃᒣ⏣ᑠᏛᰯ  ᖺ⏕ࡢⓎ᱌࡟ࡼࡾ㸪࠿࠿ࡋ⚍ࡾ᮶ሙ⪅࡟ᑐࡋ࡚Ꮚ౪ࡓࡕࡀᒣ⏣ᶫࡢṔྐ⣬Ⱚᒃࢆᢨ㟢ࡋࡓ㸬ࡇࡢṔྐ⣬Ⱚᒃࡣᖹᡂ  ᖺᗘ࡟➨୍ᕤᴗ኱Ꮫࡀᐇ
᪋ࡋࡓᐇ₇఍࡛ᢨ㟢ࡉࢀࡓࡶࡢ࡜ྠࡌ⣬Ⱚᒃ࡛࠶ࡿ
ࡀ㸪ᙜ᫬ᑠᏛᰯ㸲ᖺ⏕࡛࠶ࡗࡓ⏕ᚐࡀ㸪ᖹᡂ  ᖺᗘࡢᒣ⏣ᶫⅉ⠢࡙ࡃࡾ࣮࣡ࢡࢩࣙࢵࣉ࠾ࡼࡧⅬⅉᘧ࡬ࡢཧຍయ㦂ࢆ⤒࡚㸪⮬ࡽᆅᇦࡢ᮶ሙ⪅࡟ᐇ₇ࡋࡓ
࠸࡜Ⓨ᱌ࡋᐇ᪋ࡋࡓࡶࡢ࡛࠶ࡿ㸦෗┿㸧㸬෗┿ ᒣ⏣ࡢ㔛࠿࠿ࡋ⚍ࡾ࡟ฟᒎࡉࢀࡓᒣ⏣ᶫࡢ࠿࠿ࡋ㸦ᒣ⏣ᑠᏛᰯ  ᖺ⏕࡟ࡼࡾ㸪✵ࡁ⨁ࢆ౑⏝ࡋ࡚ไసࡉ
ࢀࡓ㸧

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⩚㔝㸸ᆅᇦ㑇⏘ࢆά⏝ࡋࡓᑡᏊ㧗㱋໬♫఍ࡢᆅᇦάື࡜ᆅᇦᩍ⫱෗┿ ᒣ⏣ࡢ㔛࠿࠿ࡋ⚍ࡾ࡟࡚ᢨ㟢ࡉࢀࡓᒣ⏣ᶫࡢṔྐ⣬Ⱚᒃ㸦ᒣ⏣ᑠᏛᰯ  ᖺ⏕࡟ࡼࡾᐇ₇㸧ⅉ⠢࡙ࡃࡾ࣮࣡ࢡࢩࣙࢵࣉ࠾ࡼࡧⅬⅉᘧࡢྲྀ⤌ࡳ࡟㛵ࡍࡿྛ᪂⪺⣬➼ࡢሗ㐨ࢆཷࡅ࡚㸪ᒣ⏣ᆅᇦࡢఫẸࢆ୰ᚰ࡜ࡋ࡚ᒣ⏣ᶫࡢಖᏑ࣭฼ά⏝ࢆồࡵࡿࠕᪧᒣ⏣ᶫࢆಖᏑࡍࡿ఍ࠖࡀⓎ㊊ࡋࡓ㸬ྠ఍ࡢάື࡟ࡼ
ࡾ㸪㮵ඣᓥ┴࡟ᑐࡋ࡚ᒣ⏣ᶫࡢゎయ᧔ཤࡢ୰Ṇ࡜㸪ጸⰋᕷ࡬ࡢ⟶⌮⛣ㆡ࣭ಖᏑࢆồࡵࡿ⣙  ேࡢ⨫ྡࡀ㞟ࡲࡗࡓ㸬ྠ఍࡟ࡼࡾ㸪ᆅᇦࡢṔྐ㑇⏘࡛࠶ࡿᒣ⏣ᶫࢆಖᏑࡋほග㈨※➼࡜ࡋ࡚฼ά⏝ࢆồࡵࡿㄳ㢪᭩ࡀ㸪⨫ྡ࡜࡜ࡶ࡟㮵ඣᓥ┴࠾ࡼࡧጸⰋᕷ࡟ᥦฟࡉ
ࢀࡓ㸬ࡑࡢᚋ㸪ㄳ㢪ࢆཷࡅ࡚㸪ᖹᡂ  ᖺ  ᭶ࡢጸⰋᕷ㆟఍㸪࠾ࡼࡧ㸪ᖹᡂ  ᖺ  ᭶ࡢ㮵ඣᓥ┴㆟఍
࡟࠾࠸࡚ྠㄳ㢪ࡀᑂ㆟ࡉࢀࡓࡀ㸪୙᥇ᢥ࡜࡞ࡗࡓ㸬ᆅᇦఫẸ࡟ࡼࡿ⮬἞య࡬ࡢㄳ㢪ࡣ㸪ᆅᇦ㈨※ࡢ౯್ࢆㄆ㆑ࡋ㸪άᛶ໬࡟ྥࡅࡓ฼ά⏝ࢆ㆟ㄽࡍࡿ㈗㔜࡞ᶵ఍࡜࡞ࡗࡓ㸬ࡲࡓ㸪ጸⰋᕷほග༠఍ࡀ୺య࡜࡞ࡾᒣ⏣ᰯ༊ࢥ࣑ࣗࢽࢸ࢕༠㆟఍࠾ࡼࡧ➨୍ᕤᴗ኱Ꮫࡀ㐃ᦠࡋ࡚㸪ᖹᡂ  ᖺᗘࡢ᏶ᡂࢆ┠ᣦࡋ࡚㸪ᒣ⏣ᆅᇦࡢࣇࢵࢺࣃ
ࢫࢥ࣮ࢫ࡙ࡃࡾࡀ㛤ጞࡉࢀࡓ㸬ᒣ⏣ࣇࢵࢺࣃࢫࢥ࣮
ࢫࡣ㸪ᒣ⏣ᆅᇦ࡟ᗈࡀࡿ⏣ᅬ㢼ᬒࡸỈ⏣ࢆ₶ࡍ⏝Ỉ㊰ࡸἙᕝࢆࡵࡄࡾ࡞ࡀࡽ㸪ᒣ⏣㯄ࡢṔྐⓗᬒほࢆయ㦂ࡍࡿࢥ࣮ࢫ࡛࠶ࡾ㸪ࡇࢀࡽࡢ㢼ᬒࢆ⤖ࡧࡘࡅࡿ㔜せ࡞୰⥅ᆅⅬ࡟ᒣ⏣ᶫࢆ఩⨨௜ࡅ࡚࠸ࡿ㸬ᒣ⏣ᆅᇦࡢࣇࢵࢺࣃࢫࢥ࣮ࢫࡣ㸪ጸⰋᕷほග༠఍ࡀጸⰋᕷෆ
࡟ᩚഛࡍࡿࣇࢵࢺࣃࢫࢥ࣮ࢫࡢࡦ࡜ࡘ࡜ࡋ࡚᪂タࢆィ⏬ࡋ࡚࠸ࡿࡶࡢ࡛࠶ࡿࡀ㸪ᒣ⏣ᶫࢆ฼ά⏝ࡋࡓᆅᇦάື࡟ࡼࡿほග㈨※࡜ࡋ࡚ࡢ౯್ㄆ㆑ྥୖ࡟ࡼࡾ㸪ᒣ⏣ᶫࢆ⤒㊰ࡢ୰⥅ᆅⅬ࡟タᐃࡋࡓࡶࡢ࡛࠶ࡿ㸬ࣇࢵࢺࣃࢫࢥ࣮ࢫ࡙ࡃࡾ࡛ࡣ㸪ᩥ໬࣭Ṕྐ࣭ᬒほ➼ࡢᆅᇦᅛ᭷ࡢ㈨※ࢆᆅᇦࡢ㨩ຊ࡜ࡋ࡚෌ㄆ㆑ࡍࡿࡇ࡜
࠿ࡽጞࡲࡿࡀ㸪ࡇࡢࡼ࠺࡞άືࡣ㸪ఫẸࡀᒣ⏣ᆅᇦࡢ㨩ຊࢆⓎぢ࣭ඹ᭷ࡍࡿ࠺࠼࡛ຠᯝⓗ࡛࠶ࡿ㸬ጸⰋᕷࡣ㸪ᑠᏛᰯࡢᰯ༊ࡈ࡜࡟ࢥ࣑ࣗࢽࢸ࢕༠㆟఍ࢆタ❧ࡋྛᰯ༊ࡢ⮬἞఍ᶵ⬟ࢆ㞟⣙ࡋ࡚࠸ࡿ㸬ᒣ⏣ᰯ༊ࢥ࣑ࣗࢽࢸ࢕༠㆟఍ࡣ㸪ᒣ⏣ᑠᏛᰯࡢᰯ༊⠊ᅖ࡟࠾ࡅࡿ⮬἞఍ᶵ⬟ࡢ㞟⣙ᶵ㛵࡛࠶ࡿࡀ㸪ᖹᡂ ᖺᗘ࡟ྠ༠㆟఍ࢆ୰ᚰ࡟ᒣ⏣ࡲࡕ࡙ࡃࡾࣉࣛࣥ

‫ޛ‬ဋ೛໊ሺƮƘǓƷ෇ѣܱ଀ ‫إ‬ᢊƴǈǔᅈ˟ƷӒࣖӋьᎍƷʙࢸƷӒࣖ

子供の反応
直接的報道
 z ȆȬȓ‫إ‬ᢊᲴᲬˑz ‫ޛ‬ဋ೛ƔƔƠƷС˺ z ૼᎥ‫إ‬ᢊᲴᲮˑz ഭӪኡᑮ‫އ‬Ʒܱ๫
大人の反応
事後の間接的報道
 z ȩǸǪ‫إ‬ᢊᲴᲬˑz ‫ޛ‬ဋ೛ƴƪƳǜƩ৖ƮƘǓƷ z ૼᎥ‫إ‬ᢊᲴᲭˑពǓཋǛ˖ဒƠҡಅဃǁពԑ‫؏ע‬ƴƓƚǔʙࢸƷӒࣖ
 山田校区コミュニティ協議会
旧山田橋を保存する会 z ‫؏ע‬᝻เƱƠƯŴ‫ ޛ‬ဋ೛Ʒ z ‫ޛ‬ဋ೛Ʒᚐ˳ગӊƷɶഥƱ̬‫܍‬М෇ဇǛ ൭Ǌǔ ኖ ʴ ̖͌ǛᛐᜤƠŴ‫ޛ‬ဋ ǇƪƮƷፙӸǛӓᨼ
ƘǓȗȩȳƷ௵ƴŴ ‫ޛ‬ဋ೛z ‫؏ע‬ƷഭӪᢡငưƋǔ‫ޛ‬ဋ೛ƷМ෇ဇǛˮፗ˄ƚǔǛ̬‫܍‬Ơᚇή᝻เሁƱƠƯМ
山田小学校
෇ဇƢǔƜƱǛ൭Ǌǔᛪᫍ୿ǛŴᰦδ޽ჄƓǑƼ‫ۉ‬ᑣࠊƴ z ‫ۉ‬ᑣࠊȢȩȪȆǣȷ Ǥȳȗ੩ЈȫȸȖȡȳȈਖ਼ᡶʙ ಅƷܱោႆᘙ˟ƱƠƯŴ‫ ޛ‬ဋ೛Ǜ ૙஬ƱƠƨᢊࣈ੉ಅǛܱ଀
姶良市12月市議会

議題として委員会で審議
姶良市観光協会⇒ 不採択z ‫ޛ‬ဋ೛Ʒ‫؏ע‬ᚇή᝻ เƱƠƯƷ̖͌ǛᛐᜤƠŴ ‫ޛ‬ဋ‫ע‬
鹿児島県3月県議会 ؏Ʒᐯ໱ǍഭӪǛǊ ƙǔ‫ޛ‬
議題として委員会で審議 ဋȕȃȈȑǹǳȸǹ Ʒɶዒ⇒ 不採択 ‫ע‬ໜƴ‫ޛ‬ဋ೛Ǜᚨ‫ܭ‬ᅗ ᒣ⏣ᶫⅉ⠢࡙ࡃࡾࡢྲྀ⤌ࡳࢆཷࡅࡓ஦ᚋࡢ཯ᛂ
ࡀ⟇ᐃࡉࢀࡓ㸬ྠࣉࣛࣥࡣᆅᇦࡢㄢ㢟ࢆᢕᥱࡋ㸪ᆅᇦ࡙ࡃࡾࡢ୰㛗ᮇィ⏬ࢆጸⰋᕷ࡟ᥦ♧ࡍࡿࡶࡢ࡛࠶
ࡿࡀ㸪ᒣ⏣ᶫ࡟㛵ࡍࡿ୍㐃ࡢྲྀ⤌ࡳࢆཷࡅ㸪ᆅᇦ㈨※࡜ࡋ࡚ࡢ౯್ࢆㄆ㆑ࡋ㸪ᆅᇦほගάᛶ໬ࡢᰕ࡜ࡋ
࡚ᒣ⏣ᶫࡢ฼ά⏝ࢆィ⏬࡟⧊ࡾ㎸ࢇࡔ㸬 ௨ୖࡢࡼ࠺࡟㸪ᒣ⏣ᶫⅉ⠢࡙ࡃࡾࡢྲྀ⤌ࡳࢆ⤒࡚㸪ཧຍ⪅ࡢ཯ᛂࡸ㸪ሗ㐨࡟ࡳࡿ♫఍ࡢ཯ᛂ㸪ᆅᇦ࡟࠾ࡅࡿ཯ᛂ࡞࡝ᵝࠎ࡞஦ᚋࡢ཯ᛂࡀ☜ㄆ࡛ࡁࡓ㸬ᅗ࡟ྛ཯ᛂࢆᩚ⌮ࡋ࡚♧ࡍ㸬㸴㸬ᒣ⏣ᶫ࢜ࣜࢪࢼࣝᡭࡠࡄ࠸࡙ࡃࡾ
ᒣ⏣ᆅᇦࡢఫẸ࡜➨୍ᕤᴗ኱Ꮫ⩚㔝◊✲ᐊࡀ㐃ᦠࡋ㸪ᒣ⏣ᑠᏛᰯࡢ༞ᴗ⏕࡬ᒣ⏣ᶫࡢᛮ࠸ฟࡢရࢆ㉗ࡿྲྀࡾ⤌ࡳࢆᐇ᪋ࡋࡓ㸬ᖹᡂ  ᖺ  ᭶  ᪥࡟㛤ദࡉࢀࡓᒣ⏣ᑠᏛᰯࡢ༞ᴗᘧ࡟࠾࠸࡚㸪ᒣ⏣ᶫࡢ⤮᯶ࢆࣉࣜࣥࢺࡋࡓ࢜ࣜࢪࢼࣝᡭࡠࡄ࠸ࢆ༞ᴗ⏕࡬㉗ࡗࡓ㸬ᒣ⏣ᶫ࡟ࡕ࡞ࢇࡔグᛕရࡢ㉗࿊ࡣ㸪ⅉ⠢࡙ࡃࡾࡢྲྀࡾ⤌ࡳࢆ⤒࡚ᆅᇦ㑇⏘࡛࠶ࡿᒣ⏣ᶫࡢ౯್࡟Ẽ௜ࡁ㸪⮬ࡽᒣ⏣ᶫࡢ࠿࠿ࡋไసࡸ⣬Ⱚᒃᐇ₇ࡢ⾜ືࢆ㉳ࡇࡋࡓᏊ౪ࡓࡕ࡬ࡢឤㅰ࡜㸪ᆅᇦ࡬ࡢឡ╔࡜㄂

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➨୍ᕤᴗ኱Ꮫ◊✲ሗ࿌ࠉ➨ྕࠉ ࡾࡢ㔊ᡂࢆᮇᚅࡋ࡚㸪ᆅᇦఫẸࡢⓎ᱌࡟ࡼࡾᐇ᪋ࡉ
ࢀࡓࡶࡢ࡛࠶ࡿ㸬ไసࡣ㸪⡆᫆࡞ࢩࣝࢡࢫࢡ࣮ࣜࣥ
༳ๅࢆ᥇⏝ࡋ㸪༡ࡉࡘࡲᕷ࡟ᡤᅾࡍࡿᕷẸᕤᡣࢲ࢖ࢼ࣑ࢵࢡࣛ࣎ࢆ฼⏝ࡋࡓ㸬㧗ᗘ࡞ᑓ㛛ⓗᢏ⾡ࢆᚲせ࡜ࡏࡎ㸪ᆅᇦఫẸࡀ⮬ࡽไస࡛ࡁࡿᡭసࡾࡢရ࡛࠶
ࡿࡇ࡜ࡀ㸪ᣢ⥆ᛶࢆ᭷ࡍࡿ࡜⪃࠼ࡽࢀࡿ㸬ᡭసࡾࡢ
ရࢆ㉗ࡿࡇ࡜࡟ࡼࡾ㸪Ꮚ౪ࡓࡕࡢᆅᇦ࡬ࡢឡ╔ࡢ㔊ᡂࢆᅗࡿࡇ࡜ࡶ┠ⓗ࡜ࡋ࡚࠸ࡿ㸦෗┿㸪㸧㸬
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ே⏕ࢆᤝࡆࡓᅵᮌᢏ⾡⪅ࡢᛮ᝿㸪ᒣ⏣ᶫࡢᘓタ࡟ᦠࢃࡗࡓேࠎࡢ᝿࠸㸪᏶ᡂᚋ  ᖺ㛫ᒣ⏣ᶫࢆ฼⏝ࡋ࡚ࡁࡓఫẸࡢ᝿࠸ࢆ⤂௓ࡋࡓ㸬ࡑࡢᚋ㸪Ꮚ౪ࡓࡕ⮬ࡽࡀᒣ⏣ᶫ࡟ឤㅰࢆ㎸ࡵ࡚ᐇ᪋ࡋࡓάືࢆ᣺ࡾ㏉ࡾ㸪ࡲࡓ㸪ᒣ⏣ᶫ࡟࠿࠿ࢃࡿᵝࠎ࡞ேࠎࡢ᝿࠸ࢆཷࡅ࡚㸪ᨾ㒓࡛࠶ࡿᒣ⏣ᆅᇦࡢᑗ᮶ࢆ⪃࠼ࡿពぢ஺᥮ࢆᐇ᪋
ࡋࡓ㸬ᑠᏛ⏕࠿ࡽࡣ㸪ᆅᇦࡢṔྐࡸᒣ⏣ᶫࡢṔྐࢆᩍ࠼࡚ࡃࢀࡓᆅᇦࡢ࠾ᖺᐤࡾ࡬ࡢឤㅰࡸ㸪ᒣ⏣ᶫࡢᘓタ࡟ᦠࢃࡗࡓ  ᖺ๓ࡢᙜ஦⪅࡬ࡢឤㅰ㸪ᆅᇦࡢ᝿࠸ࡀワࡲࡿ᪋タ࡟ᑐࡍࡿ⮬៏ࡸᐆ≀࡜ࡋ࡚ࡢㄆ㆑
➼ࡢឤ᝿ࡀ㏙࡭ࡽࢀ㸪ᆅᇦ࡬ࡢឤㅰࡸឡ╔ࡢ㔊ᡂ࡜࡜ࡶ࡟㸪බඹᚰࢆ⫱ࡴຠᯝࡀ࠶ࡗࡓ࡜⪃࠼ࡽࢀࡿ㸦෗┿㸧㸬෗┿ ࢩࣝࢡࢫࢡ࣮ࣜࣥ༳ๅ⏝ࡢ∧ࡢไస≧ἣ㸦ୖ㸧࡜᏶ᡂࡋࡓᡭࡠࡄ࠸㸦ୗ㸧
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෗┿ ᒣ⏣ᶫ࢜ࣜࢪࢼࣝᡭࡠࡄ࠸㸦㉗࿊⏝ໟ⿦㸧㸵㸬ᒣ⏣ᶫࢆᩍᮦ࡜ࡋࡓᑠᏛᰯ㐨ᚨᩍ⫱ᖹᡂ  ᖺ  ᭶  ᪥࡟㸪ᒣ⏣ᑠᏛᰯ࡟࡚ᒣ⏣ᶫࢆࢸ࣮࣐࡟ࡋࡓ㐨ᚨࡢᤵᴗࢆ㛤ദࡋࡓ㸬ࡇࡢྲྀ⤌ࡳࡣ㸪Ꮫᰯ㸪ᐙᗞ㸪ᆅᇦࡀඹྠࡋ࡚Ꮚ౪ࡢ㐨ᚨᚰࢆ⫱ࡴጸⰋᕷࡢࣔࣛࣜࢸ࢕࣭࢖ࣥࣉ࣮ࣝࣈ࣓ࣥࢺ᥎㐍஦
ᴗࡢᐇ㊶Ⓨ⾲఍࡜ࡋ࡚㸪ᒣ⏣ᑠᏛᰯࡢභᖺ⏕  ྡࢆᑐ㇟࡟ཧほᤵᴗࢆᐇ᪋ࡋࡓࡶࡢ࡛࠶ࡿ㸬ᙜ᪥ࡣ㸪ᆅᇦఫẸࡸಖㆤ⪅࡞࡝⣙  ྡࡢཧຍ⪅ࡀ᮶ሙࡋࡓ㸬ᤵᴗ࡛ࡣ㸪 ᖺ๓ࡢᒣ⏣ᶫᘓタࢆ▱ࡿ  ṓࡢఫẸ࠿ࡽᒆ࠸ࡓᡭ⣬ࡢᮁㄞࡸ㸪᫂἞௨㝆᪥ᮏࡢ㏆௦໬࡟෗┿ ᒣ⏣ᶫࢆࢸ࣮࣐࡟ࡋࡓᑠᏛᰯ㐨ᚨᤵᴗ



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㸶㸬⤖ㄒ
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ᑡᏊ㧗㱋໬࡟┤㠃ࡍࡿᆅᇦࡀቑຍࡍࡿ࡞࠿࡛㸪࡟ࡂࢃ࠸ࡢ๰ฟࡀᆅ᪉ࡢ๰⏕࡟Ḟ࠿ࡏ࡞࠸࡜⪃࠼ࡽࢀ࡚࠸ࡿࡀ㸪ᑡᏊ㧗㱋໬ᆅᇦ࡟ࡣ㸪♫఍ᇶ┙ᩚഛࡢ㐜ࢀ࠿ࡽṔྐⓗ࡞ᅵᮌᵓ㐀≀ࡀྲྀࡾቯࡉࢀࡎ⌧Ꮡࡍࡿࡇ࡜ࡀከ࠸㸬ᆅᇦ࡟ṧࡿṔྐⓗᅵᮌᵓ㐀≀ࡣ㸪ᆅᇦࡢάᛶ໬࡟㈨ࡍࡿ㈗㔜࡞ᆅᇦ㈨※࡛࠶ࡾ㸪ᣢ⥆ྍ⬟࡞฼ά⏝ࡢྲྀ⤌ࡳࡀᮃࡲࢀࡿ㸬ᮏ✏࡛ࡣ㸪㮵ඣᓥ┴ෆࡢᑡᏊ㧗㱋໬ᆅᇦࡢࡦ࡜ࡘ࡛࠶ࡿᒣ⏣ᆅᇦࢆᑐ㇟
࡜ࡋ࡚㸪ྠᆅᇦ࡟ṧࡿṔྐⓗ࡞ᅵᮌᵓ㐀≀࡛࠶ࡿᒣ⏣ᶫࢆ฼ά⏝ࡋࡓᆅᇦᩍ⫱࡜ᆅᇦάືࡢྲྀ⤌ࡳࢆሗ࿌ࡋࡓ㸬ᮏ❶࡛ࡣ⤖ㄒ࡜ࡋ࡚㸪ᆅᇦ㑇⏘ࡢά⏝࡟ࡼࡿᑡᏊ㧗㱋໬ᆅᇦࡢ࡟ࡂࢃ࠸๰ฟࡢ୍⯡໬࡟ྥࡅࡓ
⪃ᐹࢆ㏙࡭ࡿ㸬⩚㔝㸸ᆅᇦ㑇⏘ࢆά⏝ࡋࡓᑡᏊ㧗㱋໬♫఍ࡢᆅᇦάື࡜ᆅᇦᩍ⫱ᒣ⏣ᑠᏛᰯࡣ୍Ꮫᖺࡢ⏕ᚐᩘࡀ⣙  ྡ⛬ᗘ࡛࠶ࡾ㸪⏕ᚐᩘࡀῶᑡഴྥ࡟࠶ࡿᑠᏛᰯ࡛࠶ࡿࡀ㸪࿘㎶࡟ࡣከࡃࡢ⮬↛ࡸỈ⏣㸪Ṕྐ㑇⏘࡞࡝ࡀᏑᅾࡍࡿ㸬ᒣ⏣ᑠᏛᰯࡣࡇࢀࡽࡢ㈨※ࢆ᭷ຠⓗ࡟౑࠺ᆅᇦᩍ⫱࡟✚ᴟⓗ࡟ྲྀࡾ⤌ࢇ࡛࠸ࡿ㸬㏆㎶ࡢἙᕝࢆᑐ㇟࡜ࡋ
ࡓ࣍ࢱࣝほᐹ࡞࡝ࡢ⮬↛Ꮫ⩦ࡸ㸪ᆅᇦ⪁ே࣮࣒࡛࣍
ࡢධᒃ㧗㱋⪅࡜ࡢ஺ὶ㸪ᆅᇦࡢ㧗㱋⪅࡟ࡼࡿఏ⤫ⱁ⬟ࡢୗྡᲬ㋀ࡾࡢᣦᑟࡸ㸪Ṕྐ㑇⏘࡛࠶ࡿᒣ⏣ࡢถ᪕㛛ࡢΎᤲ㸪ᆅᇦࡢ㔝⳯཰✭య㦂ࡸ㸪ᆅᇦࡢṔྐⓗ࡞㣗ᩥ໬࡛࠶ࡿ㩗ࡢ▼↝య㦂࡞࡝ࢆᐇ᪋ࡋ࡚࠸ࡿ㸬ᑡᏊ㧗㱋໬ࡀ㐍⾜ࡍࡿᒣ⏣ᆅᇦ࡟࠾࠸࡚ࡣ㸪ࡇࡢࡼ࠺࡟ᒣ⏣ᑠᏛᰯࡀᆅᇦࡢ୰ᚰ࡜࡞ࡾ㸪ᆅᇦࡢ⾜஦ࡸ⚍஦㸪᪥ᖖࡢΎᤲ➼࡟ྲྀࡾ⤌ࢇ࡛࠾ࡾ㸪ᒣ⏣ࢥ࣑ࣗࢽࢸ࢕࡜ᒣ⏣ᑠᏛᰯ࡟ࡼࡾ㸪࠸ࢃࡺࡿඹ๰ࡢୗᆅࡀ
ฟ᮶࡚࠸ࡿ㸬ᒣ⏣ᶫ࡟㛵ࡋ࡚ࡣ㸪ᙜึ㸪ᆅᇦఫẸࡢ࡞࠿࡛άᛶ໬㈨※࡜ࡋ࡚ࡢㄆ▱ᗘࡣపࡃ㸪᪥ᖖⓗ࡞⏕άᇶ┙ࡢࡦ࡜ࡘ࡛࠶ࡗࡓ㸬➨୍ᕤᴗ኱Ꮫࡀᒣ⏣ᑠᏛᰯ࡜ᒣ⏣ࢥ࣑ࣗࢽࢸ࢕ࡢ㐃ᦠ࡟ຍࢃࡾ㸪ᑓ㛛▱ࢆᥦ౪ࡍࡿࡇ࡜࡛㸪₯ᅾⓗ࡞ᆅᇦάᛶ໬㈨※ࡀ㢧ᅾ໬ࡋࡓ㸬ᑡᏊ㧗㱋໬ᆅᇦ࡟࠾࠸࡚ࡣ㸪ᑠᏛᰯࡀᆅᇦά
ືࡢ୰ᚰࢆᢸࡗ࡚࠸ࡿ஦౛ࡀከ࠸㸬ࡇࡢࡼ࠺࡞ඹ๰
ࡢୗᆅ࡟㸪኱Ꮫࡸ 132 ➼㸪ᑓ㛛▱ࢆᥦ౪࡛ࡁࡿᶵ
㛵ࡀ㛵ࢃࡿࡇ࡜࡛㸪ᆅᇦ㈨※ࡢ౯್ㄆ㆑ࢆ⏕ࡳฟࡋ㸪ᣢ⥆ᛶࡢ࠶ࡿᆅᇦάື࡟ࡘ࡞ࡀࡿࡇ࡜ࡀᮇᚅ࡛ࡁࡿ
࡜⪃࠼ࡽࢀࡿ㸦ᅗ㸧㸬
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山田
小学校
ஏҮஎ
͹఑‫ڛ‬

‫ؽ‬ճͳ৖
͹఑‫ڛ‬
ϜϱϏϭʖ
͹఑‫ڛ‬

専門知
͹఑‫ڛ‬

山田
コミュニティ

専門知͹఑‫ڛ‬ஏҮஎ͹఑‫ڛ‬ᅗ ᒣ⏣ᆅᇦ࡟࠾ࡅࡿ୕⪅ࡢ㛵ಀᛶ

第一工業
大学

⾲ ᒣ⏣ᶫࡢྲྀ⤌ࡳ࡜ሙࡢ๰ฟྲྀ⤌ࡳᖹᡂ  ᖺᗘᒣ⏣ᶫࡢṔྐ
⣬Ⱚᒃᐇ₇఍ᖹᡂ  ᖺᗘᒣ⏣ᶫⅉ⠢࡙
ࡃࡾ࣮࣡ࢡࢩ
ࣙࢵࣉᖹᡂ  ᖺᗘᒣ⏣ᶫⅉ⠢Ⅼⅉᘧඹឤࡢሙࡢ๰ฟ
эᆅᇦ㑇⏘ࡢṔྐࢆᆅᇦࡢᏊ౪࡜㧗㱋⪅ࡀඹ᭷ࡍࡿୡ௦㛫஺ὶࡢࠗሙ࠘
ᩍဨ㸪⏕ᚐ㸪㧗㱋⪅ࡢ㛫࡟ᒣ⏣ᆅᇦࡢᛮ࠸ฟࡢ㢼ᬒ࡟㛵ࡍࡿ఍ヰࡀⓎ⏕㸬эᒣ⏣ᶫࡸᒣ⏣ᆅᇦࡢᛮ࠸ฟࡢ㢼ᬒࢆඹ᭷ࡍࡿୡ௦㛫஺ὶࡢࠗሙ࠘
࡟ࡂࡸ࠿ࡔࡗࡓ᫇ࡢᒣ⏣ᆅᇦ࡞࡝㸪ᛮ࠸ฟヰ࡟ⰼࢆဏ࠿ࡏࡿ㧗㱋⪅ࡀከࡃ࠸ࡓ㸬эᒣ⏣ᶫࡸᒣ⏣ᆅᇦࡢグ᠈࣭ᛮ࠸ฟ࡟㛵ࡍࡿ఍ヰࡀ⏕ࡲࢀࡿ஭ᡞ➃఍㆟ࡢࠗሙ࠘ᖹᡂ  ᖺᗘᒣ⏣ᶫࢆᩍᮦ
࡜ࡋࡓᑠᏛᰯ㐨ᚨᤵᴗᖹᡂ  ᖺᗘᒣ⏣ᆅᇦࣇࢵ
ࢺࣃࢫࢥ࣮ࢫ
࡙ࡃࡾᖹᡂ  ᖺᗘᒣ⏣ᶫᡭࡠࡄ
࠸࡙ࡃࡾэᒣ⏣ᶫࡸᒣ⏣ᆅᇦ࡟ࡘ࠸࡚㐨ᚨࡢどⅬ࠿ࡽㄢ㢟ࡸ౯್ࢆඹ᭷ࡍࡿࠗሙ࠘
ᒣ⏣ᆅᇦ࡟ᗈࡀࡿ⏣ᅬ㢼ᬒࡸỈ⏣ࢆ₶ࡍ⏝Ỉ㊰ࢆࡵࡄࡾ࡞ࡀࡽᒣ⏣㯄ࡢṔྐⓗᬒほࢆయ㦂ࡍࡿࢥ࣮ࢫࢆ⪃᱌㸬эᒣ⏣ᶫࡸᒣ⏣ᆅᇦࡢ౯್ࢆ෌ㄆ㆑ࡋඹ
᭷ࡍࡿࠗሙ࠘
эᒣ⏣ᶫࢆᆅᇦࡢ㄂ࡾࡸឡ╔ࡢᑐ㇟࡜ࡋ
࡚ඹ᭷ࡍࡿࠗሙ࠘

ᇦఫẸࡀ㛵ࢃࡿࡇ࡜࡛㸪Ꮚ࡝ࡶ㸪ಖㆤ⪅㸪㧗㱋⪅ࡀୡ௦ࢆ㉺࠼࡚஺ὶࡍࡿᶵ఍ࡀ⏕ࡲࢀ࡚࠸ࡿ㸬㧗㱋⪅ࡣᏊ࡝ࡶࡸⱝ࠸ಖㆤ⪅ୡ௦࡜ࡢୡ௦㛫஺ὶࡢ႐ࡧࡀ
ᚓࡽࢀ㸪ࡑࡢᶵ఍ࡢቑຍ࡜࡜ࡶ࡟⮬ࡽࡢᆅᇦ▱ࢆḟୡ௦࡬⥅ᢎࡍࡿ඘㊊ឤࢆᚓ࡚࠸ࡿ㸬Ꮚ࡝ࡶࡣ᪂ࡓ࡞
ᏛࡧࡸẼ௜ࡁࡀᚓࡽࢀ㸪㧗㱋⪅ࡸಖㆤ⪅࠿ࡽㄆࡵࡽ
ࢀࡿࡇ࡜࡛Ꮀࡋࡉࡸᴦࡋࡉࢆឤࡌ㸪ᆅᇦ࡟⮬ศࡢᒃሙᡤࢆ☜ಖ࡛ࡁࡿ㸬ಖㆤ⪅ࡣ㸪Ꮚ౪ࡢᏛࡪ➗㢦ࢆぢ࡞ࡀࡽᏊ౪ࡢᡂ㛗ࢆ႐ࡪሙ࡜࡞ࡗ࡚࠸ࡿ㸦ᅗ㸧㸬 ࡇࡢࡼ࠺࡞ᆅᇦᩍ⫱ࢆ㏻ࡋࡓ┦஫㛵ಀࡢᵓ⠏࡟ࡼࡿࢥ࣑ࣗࢽࢸ࢕ࡢ㐃ᦠᙉ໬ࡣ㸪᰾ᐙ᪘໬ࡀ㐍ᒎࡍࡿ௨๓ࡣᚑ᮶ࡢ௙⤌ࡳ࡜ࡋ࡚ᶵ⬟ࡋ࡚࠸ࡓࡔࢁ࠺㸬ᑠᏛᰯᩍဨࡔࡅ࡛࡞࠸ᆅᇦࡢ㧗㱋⪅ࡸ኱ேࡀᵝࠎ࡞ሙ ➨୍ᕤᴗ኱Ꮫ࡜ᒣ⏣ᑠᏛᰯ㸪ᒣ⏣ࢥ࣑ࣗࢽࢸ࢕ࡢ
㐃ᦠ࡟ࡼࡾᒣ⏣ᶫࢆά⏝ࡋࡓᆅᇦᩍ⫱ࡸᆅᇦάືࡢ
ྲྀ⤌ࡳࡀᐇ᪋ࡉࢀࡓࡀ㸪ྛྲྀ⤌ࡳࡣ㸪ᆅᇦࡢ࡞࠿࡛
㧗㱋⪅࡜Ꮚ౪ࡀ஺ὶࡍࡿୡ௦㛫஺ὶࡢሙࡸ㸪ᆅᇦࡢᛮ࠸ฟࢆㄒࡽ࠺஭ᡞ➃఍㆟ࡢሙ࡞࡝ᵝࠎ࡞ඹឤࡢሙ
ࢆ๰ฟࡋࡓ࡜⪃࠼ࡽࢀࡿ㸦⾲㸧㸬ᑡᏊ㧗㱋໬ᆅᇦࡢᑠᏛᰯࡣ㸪ᆅᇦࢥ࣑ࣗࢽࢸ࢕ࡢࡘ࡞ࡀࡾࡢሙ࡜ࡋ
࡚ࡢᇶ┙ࢆ᭷ࡋ࡚࠸ࡿ㸬௒ᅇࡢᒣ⏣ᶫࡢྲྀ⤌ࡳࢆྵࡵ㸪ᒣ⏣ᑠᏛᰯࡢྲྀࡾ⤌ࡳ࡟㧗㱋⪅ࢆ୰ᚰ࡜ࡋࡓᆅ

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

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ᅗ ᑠᏛᰯࢆሙ࡜ࡋࡓᆅᇦࡢ㐃ᦠᙉ໬࢖࣓࣮ࢪ

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➨୍ᕤᴗ኱Ꮫ◊✲ሗ࿌ࠉ➨ྕࠉ ࢆ㏻ࡋ࡚Ꮚ౪ࡢᩍ⫱࡟㛵ࢃࡿᆅᇦᩍ⫱ࡢ௙⤌ࡳࢆά࠿ࡋ࡞ࡀࡽ㸪ᆅᇦࡢᑠᏛᰯࢆሙ࡜ࡋࡓ㐃ᦠᙉ໬ࡢྲྀ
⤌ࡳࢆᩘከࡃ๰ฟࡍࡿࡇ࡜ࡣ㸪ᑡᏊ㧗㱋໬ᆅᇦ࡟࠾
࠸࡚ᆅᇦάືࡢᣢ⥆໬࡟ࡘ࡞ࡀࡿࡇ࡜ࡀᮇᚅ࡛ࡁࡿ㸬௒ᚋ㸪ྲྀ⤌ࡳ஦౛ࡢ⵳✚࡜࡜ࡶ࡟㸪⥅⥆ࡋ࡚᭷ຠᛶࢆ᳨ドࡋࡓ࠸㸬ࢥ࣑ࣗࢽࢸ࢕ࡢࡘ࡞ࡀࡾࡣ㸪ᵝࠎ࡞ᆅᇦ㈨※ࡢ฼ά⏝࡟ࡼࡾᐇ⌧࡛ࡁࡿࡔࢁ࠺㸬ᆅᇦᅛ᭷ࡢ㇏࠿࡞⮬↛ࡸṔྐ࣭ఏ⤫㸪ࡑࡢ㢼ᅵ࡟ᇶ࡙ࡃᅛ᭷ࡢᬒほࡸ㢼ᬒ㸪ࡑࡇ࡟᰿௜࠸ࡓႠࡳࡸᬽࡽࡋ࡞࡝㸪ᆅᇦ㈨※ࡣከᵝ࡟Ꮡᅾࡍࡿ㸬ᮏ◊✲࡛ᑐ㇟࡜ࡋࡓṔྐⓗ࡞ᅵᮌᵓ㐀≀ࡶࡑࡢࡦ࡜ࡘ࡜⪃࠼ࡽࢀࡿ㸬ࡇࢀࡽࡢ㈨※ࢆ୎ᑀ࡟㢧ᅾ໬ࡋ㸪ᆅᇦࡢ㐃ᦠᙉ໬ࢫࣃ࢖ࣛࣝ࡟⤌ࡳ㎸ࡴࡇ࡜࡛㸪ࢥ࣑ࣗࢽࢸ࢕ࡢࡘ࡞ࡀࡾࢆᙉࡵࡿሙࡀ
ከࡃ๰ฟ࡛ࡁࡿ㸬ࡇࡢሙࡢ✚ࡳ㔜ࡡࡀ㸪ᆅᇦࡢ㄂ࡾ
ࠕࢩࣅࢵࢡࣉࣛ࢖ࢻࠖࢆ㔊ᡂࡋ㸪ᆅᇦࡢάᛶ໬࡟ࡘ
࡞ࡀࡿࡇ࡜ࡀᮇᚅ࡛ࡁࡿ㸦ᅗ㸧㸬ᅗ 㐃ᦠᙉ໬ࡢ✚ᒙ໬࢖࣓࣮ࢪ

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ཧ⪃ᩥ⊩
  ᣋ✏㸸ᆅᇦάᛶ໬࡟㈨ࡍࡿࠕᑠࡉ࡞ᣐⅬࠖࢹࢨ࢖ࣥ
㹼ᅵᮌ㑇⏘ࡢ෌฼⏝࡟㛵ࡍࡿ୍ᥦ᱌㹼㸪➨୍ᕤᴗ኱Ꮫ◊✲ሗ࿌㸪➨ྕ㸪SS㸪  ᣋ✏㸸ᅵᮌ㑇⏘ࡢ฼ά⏝࡟ྥࡅࡓᆅᇦࡢグ᠈ࡢඹ᭷໬࡟㛵ࡍࡿヨࡳ㸪➨୍ᕤᴗ኱Ꮫ◊✲ሗ࿌㸪➨ྕ㸪
SS㸪  ᣋ✏㸸ᆅᇦ㑇⏘࣮࣭࢜ࣛࣝࣄࢫࢺ࣮ࣜ㸫㮵ඣᓥጸⰋ㒆ࡢᒣ⏣ᶫ࡟㛵ࡍࡿㄪᰝሗ࿌㸫㸪➨୍ᕤᴗ኱Ꮫ◊✲ሗ࿌㸪➨ྕ㸪SS㸪
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㏻ࡋ࡚ྠᶫࡢ౯್ࢆၨⵚࡋࡓࡀ 㸧㸪Ἑᕝ἞ỈࡢほⅬ࠿ࡽᒣ⏣ᶫࡢಖᏑࡣྔࢃࡎ᪂タᶫࡢ❹ᕤ࡜࡜ࡶ࡟
ゎయ᧔ཤࡀỴᐃࡋࡓ㸬ᒣ⏣ᶫࡀᯫ࠿ࡿᒣ⏣ᆅᇦࡣ㸪ᒣ⏣ᑠᏛᰯࢆ୰ᚰ࡜
ࡋࡓᒣ⏣ᰯ༊࡟ྵࡲࢀࡿ㸬ጸⰋᕷࡣᕷෆࡢྛᰯ༊ࡈ
࡜࡟ࢥ࣑ࣗࢽࢸ࢕༠㆟఍ࢆタࡅᆅᇦάືࢆಁࡋ࡚࠸
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ᅜศࡢ㒓ᅵྐᩱ࣭ᅧᗓ᪂ᇛ⦖ᘬᖒ࡟ࡘ࠸࡚
̿ᇛᒣබᅬ࡟࠾ࡅࡿ⦖ᘬࡢ෌⌧̿㻌Ἑཎ ὒᏊ ➨୍ᕤᴗ኱Ꮫ෸ᩍᤵ㸦ࠛ 㮵ඣᓥ┴㟝ᓥᕷᅜศ୰ኸ 㸧E-mail : y-kawahara䠜daiichi-koudai.ac.jp
㻌The document recounting the survey of Kokubu Castle
in early modern times―Results of re-creating the survey described in the document in
the Shiroyama Park―
Yoko Kawahara1
䠍㻌Associated professor, Daiichi Institute of Technology(1-10-2 Kokubuchuo, Kirishima, Kagoshima, 899-4395 Japan)

Ab Abstract: There is an old document described the survey in the castle of early modern times
Abstract: There is a document recounting the survey of Kokubu Castle performed in earlymodern times. The castle was ordered to be constructed on a mountain in Kokubu by Yoshihisa
Shimazu in the early 17th century. Ninety years later, officers surveyed the castle noting the
distances and directions between the main points and commenting on the conditions aroundthe points. The author has re-created the survey following the course of the document,
particularly in the samurai residential area where Shiroyama Park is today. Some differences
exist between previous surveys’ courses and the author’s, owing to changes in the area since
the original survey was conducted.

Key words : Kokubu Castle, early modern times, survey䠍䠊䛿䛨䜑䛻ᆅ࡟࠶ࡗࡓࠋ ᒣࡢᆅᙧࢆ฼⏝ࡋࡓᇛ㒌ࡢࡇ࡜ࢆᒣᇛ࡜ゝ࠸ࠊ⩏ஂࡢᇛ࡛࠶ࡗࡓ㡭ࡢᵝᏊࡣࠕᅧศㅖྂグࠖ㸯㮵ඣᓥ┴࡟ࡣ  ௨ୖࡢᒣᇛࡀ࠶ࡗࡓ࡜ࡉࢀࡿࠋ

ࡢ୰࡟࠶ࡿࠕᅧᗓ᪂ᇛ⦖ᘬᖒ෗ࠖ㸦௨ୗࠊ⦖ᘬ

ᅜศᖹ㔝࡜ࡑࡢ࿘㎶࡟ࡶ࠸ࡃࡘࡶࡢᒣᇛ㊧ࡀ࠶ᖒ࡜ࡍࡿ㸧࡟ࡼࡃ⾲ࡉࢀ࡚࠸ࡿࠋ

ࡿࠋࡑࡢ୰࡛ࡶᇛᒣබᅬ 㟝ᓥᕷᅜศୖᑠᕝ ࡢᅧᗓ᪂ᇛ㸦௨ୗࠊ᪂ᇛ࡜ࡍࡿ㸧࡜ࡣࡇࡢᒣᇛ

㎶ࡾࡣࠊ⸃ᦶ⸬ࡢ♏ࢆ⠏࠸ࡓ  ௦ᓥὠᐙᙜ୺࣭

ࡢࡇ࡜࡛ࠊ⦖ᘬ࡜ࡣ㛫⦖ࢆ౑⏝ࡋ࡚⩏ஂ㸦㹼 ᖺ㸧ࡀ៞㛗  ᖺ㸦 ᖺ㸧࡟࡜ࢆゝ࠺ࠋࡘࡲࡾࡇࡢྐᩱࡣࠊ᪂ᇛ࡟࠶ࡗࡓ㐨ఫྜྷࡢᐩ㝰ᇛ࠿ࡽᅜศ࡟⛣ࡗࡓ᫬ศࠊ᪤Ꮡࡢ୰ࡸ㌷஦ⓗ࡟㔜せ࡞ሙᡤ➼ࢆ᫇ࡢ᪉ἲ࡛

ୡᒣᇛ࡟タࡅࡽࢀࡓᡓ㜚࡟࡞ࡗࡓ࡜ࡁࡢワࡢᇛグ㘓࡛࠶ࡿࠋ⦖ᘬᖒࡢグ㏙➼࡟౫ࢀࡤࠊ᪂ᇛ࡟

࡛࠶ࡗࡓࠋ⩏ஂࡢᒃ㤋ࡣ⌧ᅾࡢᅜศᑠᏛᰯࡢᩜ

ࡣ⩏ஂࡢᐙ⮧ࡢᒇᩜࡀከᩘᏑᅾࡋࡓࠋ


㔞ࡍࡿࡇ
㔞ࡋࡓ



➨୍ᕤᴗ኱Ꮫ◊✲ሗ࿌ࠉ➨ྕࠉ ࡋ࠿ࡋࠊࡇࢀࡽࡢᒇᩜࡀᘓࡕ୪ࢇ࡛࠸ࡓᒣ㡬ࡗࡓሙᡤ࡛⾜ࢃࢀࡓࠊ኱ᡭཱྀ࠿ࡽᦕᡭཱྀࡢ⦖ᘬ

୍ᖏ࡛ࡣ  ᖺ௦୰㡭࡟ᇛᒣබᅬࡢᩚഛ஦ᴗ

࡟ࡘ࠸࡚ྲྀࡾୖࡆࡿࠋࡇࡢ㒊ศ࡛ࡣ୍ࡘ᭩ࡁࡢ

ࡀጞࡲࡾࠊ ᖺ⛬ࡢᮇ㛫࡟ᒎᮃྎ➼ࡀḟࠎ࡟ᘓᩥࡀ  ิᣲࡉࢀ࡚࠸ࡿࠋ⾲㸯࡟ࠊྛᩥࢆ᭩࠿ࢀタࡉࢀࡓࠋ௒࡛ࡣ኱ᆺࡢ㐟ᡙ᪋タࡀഛࢃࡗࡓ⌧࡚࠸ࡿ㡰ᗎࡢࡲࡲ㸱ิ࡟ศࡅ࡚グධࡋࡓࠋ
୍ࡘ᭩ࡁࡢྛࠎࡢᩥࡣࠊࡲࡎ⦖㢌࠿ࡽ㐍ࡴ᪉௦ⓗ࡞බᅬ࡛࠶ࡿࠋ
᪂ᇛࡢṔྐࢆఏ࠼ࡿࡶࡢ࡜ࡋ࡚ࡣࠊබᅬࡢすゅࡀ༑஧ᨭ࡛グࡉࢀ࡚࠾ࡾࠊ⾲ࡢᣓᘼෆ࡟ࡣᮾ

ᡭࡢᒣ㐨࡟࠶ࡿᦕᡭ㛛㊧ࡀṧࡉࢀ࡚࠸ࡿࡀࠊᒇす༡໭ࢆ♧ࡋࡓࠋḟࡣ㐍ࡴ㊥㞳ࡀ༢఩࡟㛫㸦㸴ᩜ⾤࡟㛵ࡍࡿㄪᰝࡸඛ⾜◊✲ࡣᑡ࡞ࡃࠊ㈗㔜࡞ᑻ㸱ᑍ㸧ࢆ⏝࠸࡚グࡉࢀ࡚࠾ࡾ 㸴 ࠊ⾲ࡢᣓᘼෆṔྐࡣ༑ศ࡟ά⏝ࡉࢀ࡚࠸࡞࠸ࠋ࡟ࡣ  㛫ࢆ 㹫࡜ࡋ࡚᥮⟬ࡋࡓ㛗ࡉࢆ♧ࡋࡓࠋ㔞⥆࠸࡚ࠊྛࠎࡢ༊㛫㸦⦖㢌㹼⦖ᮎ㸧ࡢ≧ἣ➼࡛ࡉࢀࡓ⤒㊰ࢆࡓ࡝ࡿㄪᰝࢆ❧᱌ࡋࠊ ᖺ ࠶ࡿࠋࡲࡓࠊ⦖ᘬࡢฟⓎⅬ࡛࠶ࡿ኱ᡭཱྀࢆձᆅ

᭶㹼 ᖺ  ᭶࡟ᇛᒣබᅬ࡟࠾࠸࡚ᐇ᪋ࡋࡓࠋ

Ⅼ࡜ࡋࠊᆅⅬ࡟␒ྕࢆ㡰ḟタࡅࡓࠋࡍࡿ࡜⦖ᘬ

ࡑࡇ࡛➹⪅ࡽࡣࠊ⦖ᘬᖒࡢグ㏙࡟ᚑ࠸ࠊ㸰ᮏ✏ࡣࡇࡢ⦖ᘬࡢ෌⌧ㄪᰝࡢሗ࿌࡛࠶ࡿ ࠋㄪࡀ␃ࡵࡽࢀࡓᦕᡭཱྀࡀदᆅⅬ࡜࡞ࡿࠋ

ᰝ⤖ᯝࡼࡾࠊ⦖ᘬࡢ⤒㊰ࡀ୺࡞ඛ⾜◊✲࡜␗࡞ࡿࡇ࡜ࢆ♧ࡋࠊᒇᩜ⾤ࡢ≧ἣ࡟ࡘ࠸࡚㏙࡭ࡿࠋ࡞࠾ࠊศᯒࡢࡓࡵࡢ⦖ᘬᖒࡢグ㏙ࡣࠗᅜศ㒓㸱

ᅵㄅ ㈨ᩱ⦅࠘ ࡢ୰࡛άᏐ໬ࡉࢀ࡚࠸ࡿヱᙜ⟠ᡤࢆ⏝࠸ࠊබ㛤ࡉࢀ࡚࠸ࡿཎᮏࡢ⏬ീࢹ࣮ࢱࢆ㐺ᐅ☜ㄆࡋࡓ 㸲ࠋᅗ➼ࡢసᡂࡣ➹⪅࡟౫ࡿࠋᅗ㸯 ⦖ᘬࡢ᪉ἲ     㸰㸬⦖ᘬᖒ࡟ࡘ࠸࡚

 ⦖ᘬᖒࡢグ㏙ࡢᮎᑿ࡟ࡣࠕඖ⚘༑஧༲ᖺ㸦ᖺ㸧஧᭶༑஬᪥᳨౑Ọᒣ୚ྑ⾨㛛Ẋ࣭∾௰ኴර⾨Ẋࠊ⦖᭥ᖒෆ෗அࠖ࡜࠶ࡿࠋࡇࡢᩥࡼࡾࠊᮏ

ྐᩱࡣࠊ⩏ஂࡀἐࡋ࡚࠿ࡽ  ᖺ࡯࡝⤒ࡗࡓ㡭࡟஧ேࡢ᳨౑ࡢྡ࡛⾜ࢃࢀࡓ㔞ࡢグ㘓ࡀࠊᚋᖺ

ᅗ㸰 ᩳ㠃࡛ࡢ⦖ᘬࡢ㊥㞳࡟᭩ࡁ෗ࡉࢀࡓࡶࡢ࡛࠶ࡿࡇ࡜ࡀศ࠿ࡿࠋ䠏㸬ඛ⾜◊✲䛸ᮏ◊✲䛾❧᱌ グ㘓ࡢ᪉ἲ࣭ෆᐜ࡟ࡣ஧ࡘࡢࢱ࢖ࣉࡀ࠶ࡿࠋ ኱ᡭཱྀ࠿ࡽᦕᡭཱྀࡲ࡛ࡢ⦖ᘬࡢ⤒㊰ࢆ᥎୍ࡘࡣࠊᅗ㸯ࡢࡼ࠺࡟ࠊ࠶ࡿᆅⅬ㸦⦖㢌㸧࠿ࡋᐃࢆᆅᅗ࡟᭩ࡁ㎸ࢇࡔᅗࡣࠗᅜศ㒓ᅵㄅ ୖᕳ࠘➼⧞ࡾ㏉࠼ࡍࡇ࡜࡟ࡼࡾࠊ⤒㊰࡜ࡋ࡚᫂ࡽ࠿࡟ࡋ

࡟ᥖ㍕ࡉࢀ࡚࠸ࡿ 㸵 ࠋࡑࢀࡽࡢ⤒㊰ࡣࠊ኱ᡭཱྀ

࡚࠸ࡿࠋ⦖ᘬᖒ࡛ࡣ≉࡟ࡇࡢ᪉ἲ࡟ࡼࡿグ㘓ࢆ࠿ࡽす࡟ྥ࠿࠸ࠊᇛᒣබᅬࡢすഃ࡟఩⨨ࡍࡿᒎࡽḟࡢᆅⅬ㸦⦖ᮎ㸧࡟㐍ࡴ᪉ゅ࡜㊥㞳ࡢ㸳ࠕ⦖ᘬࠖ࡜࿧ࡧࠊࠕ኱ᡭ㸦ཱྀ㸧ࠖ ࠿ࡽࠕ࠿ࡽ

ᮃྎࡢ༡ഃࢆ㏻㐣ࡋ࡚ᦕᡭཱྀ࡟⮳ࡗ࡚࠸ࡿࠋ

ࡵ࡚ࡢཱྀ࣭࠿ࡁ࠿ࡅཱྀࠖ㸦ᦕᡭཱྀ㸧ࡲ࡛ࠊཬࡧ ࡋ࠿ࡋࠊ⦖ᘬᖒࡢグ㏙࡟ࡼࡾศ࠿ࡿࡇ࡜ࡣࠊ

ࠕ㔠๛ᑎࠖ࠿ࡽࠕࡋࡢࡧࡀᑿࠖ㸦ᚸࢣᑿ㸧ࡲ࡛⦖㢌࠿ࡽ⦖ᮎ࡟ྥ࠿࠺᪉ゅ࡜ࡑࡢ㛫ࡢ㊥㞳࡛࠶ࡀ࠶ࡿࠋࡶ࠺୍ࡘࡣࠊ㐃⥆ⓗ࡞㔞࡛ࡣ࡞ࡃࠊ

ࡾࠊ⌧ᆅ࡟㐨ࡢ⑞㊧ࡀ࡞࠸ሙྜࠊ༑஧ᨭ࡛♧ࡉᗈ⠊ᅖ࡟Ⅼᅾࡍࡿ≉ᐃࡢሙᡤ࡟㛵ࡍࡿ఩⨨ࡸ≧ࢀ࡚࠸ࡿ᪉ゅ࠿ࡽ⤒㊰ࢆ᩿ᐃࡍࡿࡇ࡜ࡣ࡛ࡁ࡞

ἣ࡟ࡘ࠸࡚࡛࠶ࡿࠋ

࠸ࠋ≉࡟༑஧ᨭࡢᚋ࡟ࠕ㛫ࠖࡀࡘࡅࡽࢀ࡚࠸ࡿ ᮏ◊✲࡛ࡣࠊୖグࡢ୰࡛ࠊ᪂ᇛࡢᒇᩜ⾤ࡀ࠶࡜ࠊ౛࠼ࡤࠕ⏦㓀㛫ࠖࡣ⏦㸦す༡す㸧࠿ࡽ㓀㸦す㸧Ἑཎ㸸ᅜศࡢ㒓ᅵྐᩱ࣭ᅧᗓ᪂ᇛ⦖ᘬᖒ࡟ࡘ࠸࡚㸫ᇛᒣබᅬ࡟࠾ࡅࡿ⦖ᘬࡢ෌⌧㸫⾲㸯 ⦖ᘬᖒࡢグ㏙㸦኱ᡭཱྀ㹼ᦕᡭཱྀ㸧 
1R㐍ࡴ᪉ゅ࣭༑஧ᨭ㸦ᮾす༡໭㸧㐍ࡴ㊥㞳࣭㛫㸦㹫㸧༊㛫㸦๓ࡢᆅⅬ㸦⦖㢌㸧࠿ࡽᮏᆅⅬ㸦⦖ᮎ㸧㸧ࡢ≧ἣ

ᮏᆅⅬ



኱ᡭஅ࢑ྂ㊰அ౱⦖ᘬጞ





ձ㸦6㸧



ᮍ㸦༡༡す㸧᪉㸶㸦㹫㸧 ᕥྑ➉ᮌᒣࠊṈ⦖㢌ᕥእഛࡼࡾ℩ᡞᑡ᭷

Ѝղ



⏦㓀㛫㸦す༡す㹼す㸧㸦㹫㸧Ṉ⦖㢌༑୕㛫┠࢑ྑእᘔཱྀࣜᑠ㊰᭷ࠊᕥྑඹࢽ

Ѝճྂᒇᩜࠊᕥྑ➉ᒣᮍ⏦㛫㸦༡༡す㹼す༡す㸧㸦㹫㸧ᕥྑ➉ᮌᒣЍմᮍ㸦༡༡す㸧⏦㸦す༡す㸧᪉㸦㹫㸧 ᕥྑ➉ᮌᒣ

Ѝյ



㓀㸦す㸧᪉

㸦㹫㸧Ṉ⦖㢌༑㛫┠࢑ᕥᑠ㊰እᘔࣜฟྜᑡࢶ࢏Ⓩࣝ

Ѝն



ྠ᪉

㸦㹫㸧ᕥྑ➉ᮌᒣࠊྂᒇᩜ᭷

Ѝշ



㓀ᠿ㛫㸦す㹼す໭す㸧㸦㹫㸧Ṉ⦖࢑ྑᆏඖᒇᩜ᭷ࠊ᫝࢑ᖹᆅ 

Ѝո



㓀ᠿ㛫㸦す㹼す໭す㸧㸦㹫㸧 ᕥྑඹࢽྂᒇᩜЍչ Ꮚଢ଼㛫㸦໭㹼໭໭ᮾ㸧㸦㹫㸧Ѝպ ྠ᪉

㸴㸦㹫㸧 Ṉ⦖㢌༑ᩥᏐ୚பᡤஅྑᑠ㊰ࠊణ㐨ᮎࢽ⏝Ỉ᭷ࠊ Ѝջྑྠ᩿ 

Ꮚࣀ᪉ࢽ␜࡚⏕➉ࢺபᡤභ༑㛫⛬᭷ࠊᐥࣀ᪉␜
ࢸⓒ㛫⛬ࢽ∵ࣨ㏕ࢺபᡤ᭷ 㓀ᠿ㛫㸦す㹼す໭す㸧㸦㹫㸧ᕥྑ➉ᮌᒣࠊྂᒇᩜஅ㊧᭷ ྠ᪉

㸦㹫㸧 ྑྠ᩿Ѝս ྠ᪉

㸦㹫㸧ЍվṈ⦖㢌࢑ᕥࣜ㤿஌ࣜ㤿ሙ᭷ࠊྑ༑භ㛫┠ྑᚸࣨЍռ

ᑿ㏻ᑠ㊰᭷ ྠ᪉

㸦㹫㸧 Ṉ ⦖ ᮎ ༑ ஬ 㛫 ┠ ᕥ እ ᘔ ࣜ ධ ཱྀ ᒣ 㐨 ᭷ ࠊ ᒾ ῲ அЍտࡲ࢏ᕥྑᒣ᭷ ⏦㓀㛫㸦す༡す㹼す㸧㸦㹫㸧Ṉ⦖㢌࢑ᑡࠎࢶ࢏ୗࣝᕥᒾ࠿ࡅ ྠ᪉

㸵㸦㹫㸧 ྑྠ᩿      Ѝց ஻㸦໭໭す㸧᪉㸦㹫㸧 ྑྠ᩿Ѝւ 㓀ᠿ㛫㸦す㹼す໭す㸧㸦㹫㸧 Ṉ⦖㢌ᕥᒣࠊྑᒾ࠿ࡅࠊణᚚ␒ᡤ᭷ᡤ㎾Ѝփ ༗㸦༡㸧ᮍ㸦༡༡す㸧᪉㸶㸦㹫㸧 ᕥྑᒣࠊᕥᒣᖹእᘔ㐨᭷Ѝք ஻㸦໭໭す㸧᪉㸵㸦㹫㸧 Ṉ⦖ᮎ࠿ࡽࡵ࡚ࡢཱྀ࣭࠿ࡁ࠿ࡅཱྀ㎾⦖ᘬ␃Ѝदࡢ  ᗘ⛬ࡢ⠊ᅖࡀヱᙜࡍࡿࡇ࡜࡟࡞ࡿࠋ

Ѝր㝈⏺ࡸ᮲௳ࢆ㋃ࡲ࠼ࠊᮏ◊✲࡛ࡣ⦖ᘬࡢ᭱⤊ᆅ௚࡟ࡶࠊᩳ㠃࡛⦖ᘬࡀ⾜ࢃࢀࡓ༊㛫࡛ࡣ㸦ᅗ

Ⅼ࡛࠶ࡿᦕᡭཱྀࡼࡾ෌⌧ㄪᰝࢆጞࡵࡿࠋ࠾࠾ࡲ

㸰㸧ࠊ⦖㢌࠿ࡽ⦖ᮎࡢ㊥㞳㸦㸿㸧ࡀᆅᅗୖࡢ㛗࠿࡞⤒㊰ࢆ᫂ࡽ࠿࡟ࡍࡿࡇ࡜ࢆ┠ⓗ࡜ࡍࡿࠋ

ࡉ㸦㹀㸧ࡼࡾ኱ࡁࡃ࡞ࡾࠊᆅᅗୖ࡟⤒㊰ࢆ᭩ࡁࡲࡓ⦖ᘬᖒࡢ୰࡟ࡣࠊ ࡢᩜᆅࢆ⾲ࡍ༊⏬࡜㎸ࡴ࡟ࡣ⿵ṇࡀᚲせ࡛࠶ࡿࡀࠊ୍ᐃ࡛ࡣ࡞࠸ᒣ

㐨ࡀᥥ࠿ࢀࡓᅗࡀ࠶ࡾࠊྛࠎࡢ༊⏬࡟ࡣᐙ⮧ࡢࡢᩳ㠃ࡢഴᩳゅᗘ࡟ᑐᛂࡋࠊṇ☜࡟グධࡍࡿࡇྡࡀ᭩࠿ࢀ࡚࠸ࡿࠋᮏ◊✲࡛ࡣࡇࡢグ㘓࡟ࡼࡗ࡜ࡣ㞴ࡋ࠸ࠋࡲࡓࠊᇛᒣබᅬࡢ㐀ᡂ࡟ࡼࡿ኱ᡭ

࡚ࡶ⪃ᐹࢆ⾜࠺ࡀࠊࠗᅜศ㒓ᅵㄅ ㈨ᩱ⦅࠘࡟

ཱྀ࠿ࡽᒣ㡬ࡲ࡛ࡢᆅᙧࡢኚ໬ࡣ኱ࡁࡃࠊ኱ᡭཱྀ

ᥖ㍕ࡉࢀ࡚࠾ࡾࠊྠᵝࡢෆᐜࡀ࿘㎶ࡢᆅᙧࡶྵ

ࡢ఩⨨ࢆ᫂ゝ࡛ࡁࡿྐᩱࡸ⑞㊧ࡶࡲࡔ࡞࠸ࠋ

ࡵ࡚ᥥ࠿ࢀࠊ኱ᡭཱྀࡸᦕᡭཱྀࡀ᫂グࡉࢀࡓࠊࠕ᭹௨ୖࡢ ࡼ࠺࡞ ⦖ᘬ ࡢ⤒ ㊰ࢆゎ ᫂ࡍࡿ ࡇ࡜ࡢ㒊᪥グࠖࡢ୰ࡢࠕ᪂ᇛᒇᩜ๭ᅗࠖࢆ⏝࠸ࡿ 㸶ࠋ➨୍ᕤᴗ኱Ꮫ◊✲ሗ࿌ࠉ➨ྕࠉ 䠐㸬⦖ᘬࡢ෌⌧ㄪᰝ䛻䛴䛔䛶ᆅᅗ࡟᭩ࡁ㎸ࢇࡔࡶࡢ࡛࠶ࡿࠋᆅⅬࡢ఩⨨ࡣࠊ䠄䠍䠅෌⌧ㄪᰝ䛾‽ഛ䛸᪉ἲᆅᅗ࡟ᥥ࠿ࢀࡓ㐟ᡙ≀➼࡜ࡢ㓄⨨㛵ಀ࠿ࡽุ᩿

⌧ᆅ࡛⦖ᘬࢆ෌⌧ࡍࡿ๓࡟ࠊ⦖ᘬᖒࡢグ㏙࡟ࡋࣉࣟࢵࢺࡋࡓࠋᛴᩳ㠃ࡸࢦ࣮࣮࢝ࢺሙࡢࡓࡵ࠶ࡿ᪉ゅ࡜㊥㞳࡟ᚑ࠸ࠊदᆅⅬ࠿ࡽጞࡵࠊձᆅ

෌⌧ㄪᰝࡀ࡛ࡁ࡞࠿ࡗࡓ㒊ศࡣࠊ⦖ᘬᖒࡢグ㏙

Ⅼࡲ࡛ࡢ⤒㊰ࢆ⣬࡟ᥥ࠸ࡓࠋࡇࡢࠊᆅᙧࢆ⪃៖࡟ᚑ࠸ᮘୖ࡛⤒㊰ࢆࡓ࡝ࡾࠊⅬ⥺࡛グධࡋࡓࠋࡋ࡞࠸ୗᅗ㸦ᅗ㸱㸧࡟ࡼࡗ࡚඲యࢆᢕᥱࡋࡓࠋ

दᆅⅬ࠿ࡽցᆅⅬࡲ࡛ࡣ⌧≧ࡢᒣ㐨࡟ἢࡗ࡚⌧ᆅ࡛ࡣࠊ࠶ࡿᆅⅬ࡟୍ேࡀ❧ࡕࠊࡑࡇ࠿ࡽ

෌⌧ㄪᰝࢆ⾜࠺ࡇ࡜ࡀ࡛ࡁࡓࠋࡋ࠿ࡋࠊցᆅⅬࡶ࠺୍ேࡀḟࡢᆅⅬࡢ᪉ゅ࡜㊥㞳ࢆỴࡵ࡚⛣ື࠿ࡽր࣭տᆅⅬ࡟㐍ࡶ࠺࡜ࡋࡓ᪉ゅࡣ㞧ᮌᯘ࡛ࠊࡋࠊࡑࡢ༊㛫ࡢ෗┿᧜ᙳ࡜࣓ࣔࢆ࡜ࡿసᴗࢆ⧞

ඛ࡟ࡣᛴ࡞ᩳ㠃ࡀ࠶ࡾࠊࡇࡢ᪉ゅࢆ㐍ࢇ࡛ᖹᆠࡾ㏉ࡋࡓࠋ㊥㞳ᐃࡢࡓࡵࡢ㐨ල࡜ࡋ࡚ࡣࠊ᭱

࡞ᒣ㡬࡟Ⓩࡿࡇ࡜ࡣᅔ㞴࡛࠶ࡗࡓࠋࡑࡇ࡛ࠊࡇ

ึࡣ⮬సࡋࡓ┠┒ࢆ࣐࣮ࢡࡋࡓ⦖ࢆ⏝࠸ࡓࡀࠊ

ࡢ᪉ゅࡢඛ࡟࠶ࡿᒣ㡬ࡢᖹᆠᆅ࡜ᩳ㠃ࡢ㛫࡟タ⤡ࡲࡿ࡞࡝సᴗຠ⋡ࡀᝏ࠿ࡗࡓࡓࡵᕷ㈍ࡢ࣓ࢪ

ࡅࡽࢀࡓࣇ࢙ࣥࢫࡢ㠃ୖ࡟տᆅⅬࢆタᐃࡋࠊࡑ࣮ࣕ࡟ኚ᭦ࡋࡓࠋ᪉ゅ࡟ࡣᑠᆺࡢ☢Ẽࢥࣥࣃࢫࡇ࠿ࡽㄪᰝࢆ⥆ࡅࡓ㸦௨ୗࠊ෌⌧㸯࡜ࡍࡿ㸧ࠋࢆ⏝࠸ࡓࡀࠊ೫ゅࡢ⿵ṇࡣ⪃៖ࡋ࡚࠸࡞࠸ࠋ

ࡍࡿ࡜ࠊ⦖ᘬᖒࡢグ㏙࡛ࡣࠊպ㹼ոᆅⅬࡲ࡛ࡣࠕᕥྑඹࢽྂᒇᩜࠖ࡜᭩࠿ࢀ࡚࠸ࡿࡢ࡟ࠊ⤒㊰ࡢ໭ഃ࡟࠶ࡿࣇ࢙ࣥࢫࡢእࡣᛴ࡞ᩳ㠃࡟᥋㏆ࡋࠊ୧ഃ࡟ᒇᩜࡀ࠶ࡗࡓ࡜ࡣ⪃࠼࡟ࡃ࠸ࡇ࡜࡞

࡝ࠊ⌧≧࡜ࡢ୙ᩚྜࡀ☜ㄆࡉࢀࡓࠋࡋ࠿ࡋࡑࡢ

ࡲࡲ෌⌧ㄪᰝࢆ㐍ࡵࡿ࡜ࠊഴᩳᆅ࡟タࡅࡽࢀࡓࢦ࣮࣮࢝ࢺሙ࡟࡞ࡾࠊ㉮⾜ࢥ࣮ࢫࢆᶓ᩿ࡍࡿࡇ

࡜ࡀฟ᮶࡞࠿ࡗࡓࡓࡵշᆅⅬ࡛୰Ṇࡋࡓࠋ ෌⌧㸯ࡢㄪᰝ⤖ᯝ࡟ࡼࡾࠊտᆅⅬࡢ఩⨨ࢆ༡ᅗ㸱 ⦖ᘬࡢ෌⌧ㄪᰝࡢୗᅗ㸦୍㒊㸧࡟⛣ືࡍࡿᚲせࡀ࠶ࡿࡇ࡜ࡀศ࠿ࡗࡓࡓࡵࠊ⌧䠄䠎䠅෌⌧ㄪᰝ䛾䛯䜑䛾タᐃ㡯┠≧ࡢᒎᮃྎࡢ໭࡟࠶ࡿࠊᦕᡭ㛛㊧࡟㏻ࡌࡿ㝵ẁᮏ◊✲࡛ࡣࠊ⦖ᘬࡀ␃ࡵࡽࢀࡓᦕᡭཱྀࢆᦕᡭ

ࡢ࡜ࡇࢁ࡟տᆅⅬࢆタᐃࡋࡓࠋࡑࡇ࠿ࡽ෌⌧ㄪ

㛛㊧࡜ࡋࠊࡇࡇࢆदᆅⅬ࡟タᐃࡋࡓࠋඛ⾜◊✲ᰝࢆጞࡵࡓࡀࠊնᆅⅬ࡛ࢦ࣮࣮࢝ࢺሙ࡟⮳ࡗࡓ࡛ࡶᦕᡭཱྀࡣᦕᡭ㛛ࡢ㎶ࡾ࡟࠶ࡗࡓ࡜ࡋ࡚࠸ࡿࠋ ࡓࡵ୰Ṇࡋࡓ㸦௨ୗࠊ෌⌧㸰࡜ࡍࡿ㸧ࠋᦕᡭ㛛㊧ࡣᇛᒣබᅬすᡭࡢᒣ㡬ࡼࡾᒣ㐨ࢆᑡᅗ㸲ࡢ෌⌧㸰࣭նᆅⅬ࠿ࡽඛࡣࠊ෌⌧㸯ࡢᮘࡋୗࡗࡓ࡜ࡇࢁ࡟࠶ࡾࠊࢩࣛࢫྎᆅࢆᆶ┤࡟๐ୖ࡛ࡓ࡝ࡗࡓ⤒㊰ࢆࡎࡽࡋࡓࠋࡍࡿ࡜ฟⓎⅬ㸦6㸧ࡗࡓࡼ࠺࡞ᒾ࡟ᣳࡲࢀ࡚࠸ࡿࠋᒾ㠃࡟ࡣ」ᩘࡢ

ࡣ㒓ᅵㄅ➼࡛኱ᡭཱྀ࡜ࡉࢀࡿ⠊ᅖ࡟ධࡗࡓ࡜ぢḞࡁ㎸ࡳࡸ୍ẁ࡬ࡇࢇࡔ᪉ᙧࡢ㠃ࡀ࠶ࡾࠊ㛛ࡸࡽࢀࠊࡇࡢ⤒㊰ࡣ෌⌧㸰࡟㏆࠸࡜⪃࠼ࡽࢀࡿࠋ

ᰕࢆᅛᐃࡋࡓ⑞㊧࡛࠶ࡿ࡜ゝࢃࢀ࡚࠸ࡿࠋ⾲㸱 ෌⌧ㄪᰝࡢᴫせ ࡞࠾ࠊ⦖ᘬࡢ෌⌧ㄪᰝࢆदᆅⅬ࠿ࡽጞࡵࡿ࡜ࠊ
⦖ᘬᖒࡢグ㏙࡟ᑐࡋ᪉ゅࡣ  ᗘᅇ㌿ࡋࠊ㐍⾜



ᆅⅬ

≧ἣ➼

෌⌧ㄪᰝ

᪉ྥ࡟ᑐࡍࡿ≧ἣࡣᕥ࡜ྑࡀ㏫࡟࡞ࡿࠋ

㸯

द㹼ց

ᒣ㐨

ྍ

䠄䠏䠅෌⌧ㄪᰝ䛾⤒㊰

㸰

ց㹼տ

㞧ᮌᯘࠊᛴᩳ㠃

୙ྍ

㸱

տ㹼շ

տᆅⅬࢆタᐃ

ྍ㸦෌⌧㸯㸧෌⌧ㄪᰝࡢᴫせ㸦⾲㸱㸧ࢆ㏙࡭࡚ࠊ⦖ᘬࡢ⤒
㊰ࢆ᥎

ࡍࡿࠋ

ಟṇ Ў

ᅗ㸲ࡣ෌⌧ㄪᰝࢆ⾜ࡗࡓ⤒㊰➼ࢆᇛᒣබᅬࡢ

㸲



տ㹼ն

տᆅⅬࢆ༡࡟⛣ືྍ㸦෌⌧㸰㸧Ἑཎ㸸ᅜศࡢ㒓ᅵྐᩱ࣭ᅧᗓ᪂ᇛ⦖ᘬᖒ࡟ࡘ࠸࡚㸫ᇛᒣබᅬ࡟࠾ࡅࡿ⦖ᘬࡢ෌⌧㸫



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ᅗ㸲 ෌⌧ㄪᰝࡢ⤒㊰ᅗ㸦⠛ᐑ᪸㍤ࡀసᡂࡋࡓࣉࣟࢵࢺᅗࢆᇶ࡟➹⪅సᡂ㸧䠑䠊᪂ᇛ䛾⑞㊧ḟࡢᆅⅬ࡬ࡣࠊྠᵝ࡟ᒣ㐨࡟ἢࡗ࡚༡༡ᮾ࡟ ᇛᒣබᅬ࡟᪂ᇛࡢ⑞㊧ࡀ࡝ࡢ⛬ᗘṧࡗ࡚࠸ࡿ㹫⛬㐍ࡴࡇ࡜ࡀ࡛ࡁࡓࡓࡵࠊ㐺ᙜ࡞ᮡࡢᮌ

࠿࡟ࡘ࠸࡚ࠊ෌⌧ㄪᰝࡢヲ⣽ࢆ㏙࡭࡚ㄝ᫂ࡍࡿࠋ

ࢆ㑅ࡧցᆅⅬ࡜ࡋࡓࠋցᆅⅬ࠿ࡽඛࡣ๓㡯࡛㏙

䠄䠍䠅䞡ᆅⅬ䛛䜙䐯ᆅⅬ䛿ඖ⚘ᙜ᫬䛾䜎䜎࡭ࡓࡼ࠺࡟⦖ᘬᖒࡢグ㏙࡟࠶ࡿ᪉ゅ࡛ᒣ㐨ࢆ㐍ࡴࡇ࡜ࡀ࡛ࡁ࡞࠿ࡗࡓࠋ

द㹼ցᆅⅬࡢ෌⌧ㄪᰝ࡟ࡘ࠸࡚㏙࡭ࡿࡀࠊ⦖
ᘬᖒࡢグ㏙࡟࠶ࡿ㐍ࡴ᪉ゅ࡜㊥㞳ࢆᘬ⏝ࡍࡿ㒊௨ୖࡢࡼ࠺࡟ࠊदᆅⅬ࠿ࡽցᆅⅬ࡛ࡣ⌧≧ࡢศ࡟ࡣୗ⥺ࢆᘬ࠸ࡓࠋ᪉ゅࡣᮾす༡໭ࢆ  ᗘᒣ㐨࡞ࡾ࡟෌⌧ㄪᰝࡀ㐍ࡵࡽࢀࡓࡇ࡜ࡣࠊඖ⚘ᅇ㌿ࡉࡏ࡚࠾ࡾࠊ㊥㞳ࡢ༢఩ࡣ࣓࣮ࢺ࡛ࣝ࠶ࡿࠋ

ᙜ᫬ࡢ㐨ࡢ఩⨨ࡀಖࡓࢀ࡚࠸ࡿࡓࡵ࡜⪃࠼ࡽࢀ෌⌧ㄪᰝ࡟࠾࠸࡚ࡣࠊࡲࡎࠊदᆅⅬࢆᦕᡭ㛛ࡿࠋࢩࣛࢫྎᆅࡢᒣ࡟≉᭷࡞⁐⤖จ⅊ᒾࡢᓴࢆ㊧ࡢ࠶ࡿᒣ㐨ࡢᖹᆠᆅࡢ୰ኸ࡟௬ᐃࡋࡓࠋࡑࡇ

ᮃࡳࠊ⣽ࡃఙࡧࡓᮌ❧ࡢ୰ࢆ㏻ࡿ⤒㊰ࡣࠊᙜ᫬࠿ࡽᒣ㐨ࢆᑡࡋⓏࡿ࡜ࠊ኱ࡁࡃᕥ࡟᭤ࡀࡿᖹᆠ

ࡢ≧ἣࢆ⌧௦࡟ఏ࠼ࡿṔྐⓗ࡞౯್࡜ඹ࡟ᩓ⟇࡞ሙᡤࡀ࠶ࡾࠊࡑࡢᖹᆠᆅࡣदᆅⅬࡢ࡯ࡰ༡༡

ᆅ࡜ࡋ࡚ࡶඃࢀ࡚࠸ࡿࠋ

ᮾ࡛ࠊ㹫⛬㐍ࢇࡔ㊥㞳࡛࠶ࡗࡓࡓࡵࠊքᆅ



Ⅼ࡜⪃࠼ࡓ㸦෗┿㸯㸧ࠋ

ᦕ ᡭཱྀ



ࡑࡇ࠿ࡽ኱ࡁࡃྑ࡟᭤ࡀࡿ㐨ࡀ࠶ࡾࠊࡑࡢ㐨➽ࡣքᆅⅬࡢ໭㹼໭໭ᮾ࡛࠶ࡾࠊ㹫⛬㐍ࡴ࡜ぢᬕࡽࡋࡢⰋ࠸ᖹᆠᆅࡀ࠶ࡗࡓࡢ࡛ࠊࡑࡇࢆ



փᆅⅬ࡜ࡋࡓࠋ⦖ᘬᖒࡢグ㏙࡛ࡣࡇࡢ㎶ࡾ࡟ᚚ␒ᡤࡀ࠶ࡿࡀࠊᡭࡀ࠿ࡾ࡜࡞ࡿࡶࡢࡣ࡞࠿ࡗࡓࠋ

᭦࡟㐍ࡴ࡜㝵ẁࡀ࠶ࡾࠊࡑࡢ㐨➽ࡣփᆅⅬࡢ෗┿㸯 քᆅⅬ      ෗┿㸰 ւᆅⅬࡢᶞᮌᮾ㹼ᮾ༡ᮾ࡛࠶ࡗࡓࠋ⦖ᘬᖒࡢグ㏙ࡢࡼ࠺࡟ྑ

䠄䠎䠅ඖ⚘㡭䛾ᶞᮌ䛜ṧ䛳䛶䛔䜛ྍ⬟ᛶ䛒䜚 ᡭࡣᒣࠊᕥᡭࡣᓴ࡛࠶ࡗࡓࡢ࡛ࠊP ⛬ࡢሙᡤ
ࢆւᆅⅬ࡜ࡋࡓࠋ⦖ᘬᖒࡢグ㏙࡟ࡣ┠༳࡜࡞ࡿᇛᒣබᅬᒣ㡬࡟࠾ࡅࡿ෌⌧ㄪᰝ࡛ࡣࠊ⦖ᘬ

ࡶࡢࡣ᭩࠿ࢀ࡚࠸࡞࠿ࡗࡓࡀࠊւᆅⅬࡢ㏆ࡃ࡟

ᖒࡢグ㏙ࢆ⿬௜ࡅࡿ᫂ࡽ࠿࡞⑞㊧ࡣ࡞࠿ࡗࡓࠋ
ࡓࡔࡋࠊᒣ㡬࡛ࡣᱜ࡞࡝බᅬ㛤Ⓨᚋ࡟᳜࠼

ࡣ┠࡟௜ࡃᶞᮌࡀ࠶ࡗࡓ㸦෗┿㸰㸧ࠋ➨୍ᕤᴗ኱Ꮫ◊✲ሗ࿌ࠉ➨ྕࠉ ࡽࢀࡓ࡛࠶ࢁ࠺ᶞᮌࡀ࡯࡜ࢇ࡝ࡔࡀࠊ෌⌧ㄪ࡟ࡣࠕᆏඖᒇᩜࠖ࡜᭩࠿ࢀࡓࠊྂᒇᩜࢆ≉ᐃ࡛ᰝࡢ෌⌧㸯࡛վᆅⅬ࡜սᆅⅬࡢ㛫࡟࠶ࡿほぴࡁࡿሙᡤࡀ࠶ࡿࠋ୍᪉ࠊ᪂ᇛᒇᩜ๭ᅗ㸦෗┿㸱㸧㌴ࡢࡑࡤࡢ኱ᮌࡣࠊඖ⚘㡭࡟Ꮡᅾࡋࡓྍ⬟ᛶࡢྑୗࡢ༊⏬࡟ࡣࠕᆏᮏẶࠖ࡜᭩࠿ࢀ࡚࠸ࡿࠋ

ࡶ࠶ࡿࡼ࠺࡟ᛮࢃࢀࡓࠋᶞᮌࡸ᳜⏕࡟ࡘ࠸࡚ᆏඖᒇᩜ࡜ᆏᮏẶࡢሙᡤࡣࠊඹ࡟ࠊ኱ᡭཱྀ࡜

ࡣࠊ⦖ᘬᖒ࡟グ㘓ࡉࢀ࡚࠸ࡿ௚ࡢ

㔞⠊ᅖࡶᦕᡭཱྀࢆ⤖ࡪ⦖ᘬࡢ⤒㊰ࡸ㐨࡟ἢ࠸ࠊᒇᩜࡀ㞟ྵࡵࡓㄪᰝࢆ⾜࠸㐺ᐅಖ඲ࡍࡿࡇ࡜ࡀᚲせࡔ ࠋ୰ࡍࡿ኱ᡭཱྀ࡟㏆࠸࡜ࡇࢁ࡟఩⨨ࡋ࡚࠸ࡿࠋ⦖

䠄䠏䠅኱ᡭཱྀ䛻䜎䛴䜟䜛䛣䛸ᘬࡢ⤒㊰ࡢ໭ഃࠊᅗࡢ㐨ࡢ༡ഃ࡜࠸࠺㐪࠸ࡣ࠶኱ᡭཱྀ࡜ࡉࢀࡿ㎶ࡾࢆ㏻ࡿ⌧≧ࡢ㐨㊰ࡣࠊᒣࡿࡀࠊࡇࡢ㎶ࡾ࡟ᆏඖ㸦ᆏᮏ㸧ࡢᒇᩜࡀ࠶ࡗࡓ
࡜ࡋ࡚Ⰻ࠸࡜⪃࠼ࡽࢀࡿ 㸯㸯 ࠋ㡬୍ᖏࢆᅖࡴࡼ࠺࡟఩⨨ࡍࡿᓴ࡟┤஺ࡋ࡚࠸ࡿࠋ
ᓴࡢ୍㒊ࡀ๐ࡽࢀࠊᒇᩜ⾤࡬㏻ࡌࡿ㐨ࢆタࡅࡿࡇࡢࡇ࡜ࡼࡾࠊ෗┿㸱ࡢ㐨ࢆ⾲ࡍ⥺ࡢୖ࡟ࠊࡇ࡜ࡢ࡛ࡁࡿሙᡤࡣࠊᦕᡭ㛛㊧࡜ࡇࡇࡢࡳ࡛࠶

෌⌧ㄪᰝࡢ⤒㊰ࡢ᥎ᐃ఩⨨ࢆⅬ⥺࡛♧ࡋࡓࠋ⦖ࡿࡇ࡜ࡼࡾࠊࡸࡣࡾ኱ᡭཱྀࡣࡇࡢ㎶ࡾ࡛࠶ࡗࡓ

ᘬᖒࡢグ㏙࡟ᆏඖẶࡔࡅࡀ≉ᐃࡉࢀࡓ⌮⏤ࠊཬ࡜⪃࠼ࡽࢀࡿࠋ

ࡧ⦖ᘬࡢ⤒㊰࡜ᅗࡢ㐨࡟ᑐࡍࡿᒇᩜࡢ఩⨨ࡀ␗࡞ࡿ⫼ᬒࡣศ࠿ࡽ࡞࠸ࠋ

⦖ᘬᖒ࡟ࡣ኱ᡭཱྀ࡟㛛ࡢ㊧ࡀ࠶ࡿ࡜グࡉࢀ࡚㸷࠸ࡿࡀ ࠊ⌧ᅾࡣࡑࡢ఩⨨ࡶ᫂ࡽ࠿࡛ࡣ࡞࠸ࠋ᥎

࡜ࡋ࡚ࡣࠊ┤⥺ⓗ࡟ᒇᩜ⾤࡟ࡘ࡞ࡀࡿ㏻㊰࡛ࡣ࡞ࡃࠊぢ㏻ࡋࢆ㐽ࡿࡇ࡜ࡢ࡛ࡁࡿᒅ᭤ࡉࡏࡓ

ሙᡤ࡟タࡅࡽࢀࡓ࡜⪃࠼ࡽࢀࡿࠋ୍⯡࡟ᇛࡢ㛛ࡣ㜵⾨ࡢࡓࡵ࡟ࠊᯠᙧࡢ㐨➼ࢆタࡅ࡚㓄⨨ࡉࢀࡓ࠿ࡽ࡛࠶ࡿࠋ



኱ᡭཱྀ

ᦕᡭཱྀ



ࡋ࠿ࡋࠊ኱ᡭཱྀ㏆ࡃࡢᓴୗ࡟ࡣ㏆ୡࡢ㡭ࡢࡲࡲ࡜ゝࢃࢀࡿᒣ㐨ࡀṧࡗ࡚࠸ࡿ 㸯㸮 ࠋ኱ᡭཱྀ࿘㎶







㸸༑ᩥᏐ
㸸սᆅⅬซ౛ 㸸⦖ᘬࡢ⤒㊰ษ࡟ಖᏑ࣭ά⏝ࡉࢀࡿࡇ࡜ࡀồࡵࡽࢀࡿࠋ 


ᆏ
ᮏ
Ặ

ਨ



ࡢヲ⣽࡞ㄪᰝ◊✲ࡀ⾜ࢃࢀࠊᦕᡭ㛛㊧࡜ඹ࡟㐺ᚚ௬ᒇ෗┿㸱 ᭹㒊᪥グࡢ᪂ᇛᒇᩜ๭ᅗ㸦ᕥྑ➃㒊ࡣ┬␎㸧䠒䠊᪂ᇛ䛾ᒇᩜ⾤䛻䛚䛡䜛ᅛ᭷ྡモ⦖ᘬᖒࡢグ㏙ࡢ୰࡟࠶ࡿᅛ᭷ྡモࡢ୍㒊ࢆྲྀ䠄䠎䠅༑ᩥᏐ

ࡾୖࡆࠊ⌧ᆅㄪᰝ࡛᫂ࡽ࠿࡟ࡋࡓ⦖ᘬࡢ⤒㊰㸦ᅗ➹⪅ࡣඛ⾜◊✲࡟࠾࠸࡚ࠊ᭹㒊᪥グࡢグ㏙࠿㸲㸧࡜᭹㒊᪥グࡢ᪂ᇛᒇᩜ๭ᅗ㸦෗┿㸱㸧ࢆẚࡽࠕ༑ᩥᏐࠖ࡜࿧ࡤࢀࡓሙᡤ࡛ࡣࠊ㐨ࡀ༑Ꮠ࡟㍑ࡋ࡚⪃ᐹࡍࡿࠋࡇࢀࡽࡣ᪂ᇛࡢᒇᩜ⾤ࢆࡼࡾ஺ᕪࡍࡿ࡜᥎῝ࡃ▱ࡿᡭࡀ࠿ࡾ࡟࡞ࡿࡔࢁ࠺ࠋ෗┿㸱࡛ࡣ᪂࡞࠾ࠊ⦖ᘬᖒࡢᅗ࡛ࡶࠊ㐨ࡢ఩⨨ࡸ༊⏬࡟᭩࠿ᇛᒇᩜ๭ᅗࡢཎᮏࡢ෗┿ࡢୖ࡟ࠊᅄゅ࡛ᅖࡗࡓࢀࡓྡ࠿ࡽุ᩿ࡋࡓࡇࡢሙᡤࡣࠊ㐨ࡀ┤஺ࡋ࡚ࡋࡓࠋࡑࡢ఩⨨ࢆ෗┿㸱࡟♧ࡍࠋࡃࡎࡋᏐ࡟ᴠ᭩ᩥᏐࢆῧ࠼ࡿ࡞࡝ຍ➹ࡋ࡚࠸ࡿࠋ ࠸ࡓࠋ䠄䠍䠅ᆏඖᒇᩜ

ࡑࡇ࡛ࠊ෗┿㸱ࡢ㐨➽࡜ᅗ㸲ࡢ⦖ᘬࡢ⤒㊰ࢆ⦖ᘬᖒࡢグ㏙࡟ࡣࠊն㹼սᆅⅬ࡟ࠕྂᒇᩜࠖ

ぢẚ࡭ࡿ࡜ࠊᅗ㸲࡟࠾ࡅࡿ༑ᩥᏐࡢ఩⨨ࡣࠊᮾࡸࠕྂᒇᩜஅ㊧ࠖࡀ㐃⥆ࡋ࡚ぢࡽࢀࡿࠋࡇࡢ㛫࡜໭࡟ྥ࠿࠺㐨ࡀ┬␎ࡉࢀࡓ࡜௬ᐃࡍࢀࡤࠊջ

ࡀ࠿ࡘ࡚ࡢᒇᩜ⾤࡛ࠊ⦖ᘬࡀ⾜ࢃࢀࡓ࡜ࡁࡣ↓ᆅⅬࡀ⪃࠼ࡽࢀࡿࠋ

ேࡢྂ࠸ᘓ≀ࡀከᩘ࠶ࡗࡓࡢࡔࢁ࠺ࠋࡑࡢ୰࡛

ࡇࢀ࡟ᑐࡋ⦖ᘬᖒࡢグ㏙࠿ࡽࡣࠊ༑ᩥᏐࡢ఩

շᆅⅬ࠿ࡽոᆅⅬ࡟ྥ࠿࠺⤒㊰ࡢྑഃ㸦໭ഃ㸧⨨ࡣᅗ㸲ࡢպᆅⅬ࡛࠶ࡿࠋպᆅⅬࡢྑഃ࡟ࡣ⦖
Ἑཎ㸸ᅜศࡢ㒓ᅵྐᩱ࣭ᅧᗓ᪂ᇛ⦖ᘬᖒ࡟ࡘ࠸࡚㸫ᇛᒣබᅬ࡟࠾ࡅࡿ⦖ᘬࡢ෌⌧㸫ᘬࡢ⤒㊰࡛ࡣ࡞࠸ᑠ㊰ࡀ࠶ࡾࠊ⦖ᘬࡢ⤒㊰࡜ᑠὀ㊰ࡣպᆅⅬ࡛୎Ꮠ࡟஺ࢃࡗ࡚࠸ࡿࠋ

 ᅧศㅖྂグࡣ⩏ஂࡢ┤⮧ࡸᏊ࣭Ꮮ➼࡟ࡼࡿ෗ࡋࡀࡲ

࡜ࡵࡽࢀࡓ෉Ꮚࠋ

⾤୰ࢆᥥ࠸ࡓྂ⤮ᅗ࡛ࡣࠊᐇ㝿ࡢ㐨ࡢ┬␎ࡸ㸰‴᭤ࡍࡿ㐨ࢆ┤⥺≧࡟ᥥࡃࡶࡢࡀከ࠸ࠋࡲࡓࠊ ᮏㄪᰝࡣୗグࡢ༞ᴗ◊✲ㄽᩥ࡟ࡶሗ࿌ࡉࢀ࡚࠸ࡿࠋ

኱ᖹ㬨ኴ࣭⠛ᐑ᪸㍤㸸ᅜศࡢᒣᇛࡢ◊✲㹼ᅜᗓ᪂ᇛ㸦ᇛᒇᩜ⾤ࡣ㜵⾨ࢆ㔜どࡍࡿワࡢᇛ࡟࠶ࡗࡓࡇ࡜ࢆ

ᒣබᅬ㸧ࡢㄪᰝࢆ୰ᚰ࡟㹼㸦➨୍ᕤᴗ኱Ꮫᖹᡂ  ᖺᗘ⪃៖ࡍࡿ࡜ࠊ༑ᩥᏐࡣぢ㏻ࡋࡢࡁࡃ༑Ꮠ㊰࡛ࡣᘓ⠏ࢹࢨ࢖ࣥᏛ⛉༞ᴗ◊✲ㄽᩥ㸧࡞ࡃࠊ୎Ꮠ㊰ࡢպᆅⅬ࡛࠶ࡗࡓ࡜⪃࠼ࡽࢀࡿࠋ㸱 ᅜศ㒓ᅵㄅ⦅⧩ጤဨ఍⦅㸸ᅜศ㒓ᅵㄅ㈨ᩱ⦅ࠊ

䠄䠏䠅㤿஌䜚㤿ሙ㸲 ᅜᩥᏛ◊✲㈨ᩱ㤋㸦KWWSVZZZQLMODFMS㸧➼㸳 ཎᮏࡢ⏬ീࢹ࣮ࢱࢆ☜ㄆࡍࡿ࡜ࠊ୍ࡘ᭩ࡁࡢᩥࡢ୍

⦖ᘬᖒࡢグ㏙࡟ࡣࠊսᆅⅬࡢᕥ㸦༡ഃ㸧࡟ࠕ㤿⾜┠࡟࠶ࡿࠕ኱ᡭஅࡼࡾࠖࡢࠕஅࠖࡢྑᶓ࡟ࠕཱྀࠖ࡜᭩

஌ࡾ㤿ሙࠖࡀ࠶ࡗࡓ࡜᭩࠿ࢀ࡚࠸ࡿ㸦⾲㸯࣭ᅗ࠿ࢀ࡚࠸ࡿࠋ」ᩘࡢඛ⾜◊✲࡛ࡣࡇࡢሙᡤࢆ኱ᡭཱྀ࡜࿧

㸲㸧ࠋࡑࡇ࡛ࠊ෗┿㸱ࡢᅗࢆ☜ㄆࡍࡿ࡜ࠊᕥୗ

ࢇ࡛࠾ࡾࠊᮏ◊✲࡛ࡶࠕ኱ᡭࠖࢆࠕ኱ᡭཱྀࠖ࡜ࡍࡿࠋ

ࡢ༊⏬࡟ࡣࠕᚚ௬ᒇࠖ࡜᭩࠿ࢀ࡚࠸ࡿࠋ

㸴 ୍ࡘ᭩ࡁࡀጞࡲࡿ๓࡟ࠊ௨ୗࡀ᭩࠿ࢀ࡚࠸ࡿࠋ

㏆ୡࡢᙺሙ࡛࠶ࡿᚚ௬ᒇࡢ๓࡟ࠊ㤿஌ࡾ㤿ሙࠕᅧᗓ᪂ᇛ᝷ᘔࣜ㛫ᩘඵⓒᅄ༑ඵ㛫ࠊ⏫ࢽࠏ༑ᅄ⏫ඵ㛫ࠊ࡜࿧ࡤࢀࡿࠊ௚ࡢ㐨࡜ẚ㍑ࡋ࡚ᖜࡢᗈ࠸㐨ࡀ࠶ణ୍㛫භᑻ୕ᑍ┦✲⦖ᘬࠊྑᅧᗓᇛྂ᮶࢑᪂ᇛ୚⏦ബೃࠊࡗࡓ࡜ࡍࢀࡤࠊ෗┿㸱ࡢᅗ࡟࠾ࡅࡿսᆅⅬࡢ఩ᅄ᪉ᒾ᥃ࠊ㧗ࢧୢᘨᑜཪࣁᘘ୕ᑜࠊ㧗ᗏ᭷ࣜࠊᇛෆᯇᒣࠊ
ᮡࠊᴋ඼እ㞧ᮌ኱ᮌ➉ᒣ᭷அࠖ

⨨ࡀỴࡲࡿࠋࡑࡢսᆅⅬࢆᅗ࡟ຍ➹ࡋࡓࠋ㸵ᅜศ㒓ᅵㄅ⦅⧩ጤဨ఍⦅㸸ᅜศ㒓ᅵㄅ ୖᕳࠊࠊS ᅗ 㸫 ワࡵᇛ࣭ᅜศ᪂ᇛ㸧䠓䠊䛚䜟䜚䛻௚࡟ࡣࠊᅜศ㒓ᅵ㤋ࡼࡾධᡭࡋࡓ㠀බ㛤ࡢ㈨ᩱࠊཬࡧࠗᓥ

ᮏ◊✲࡛ࡣࠊ⦖ᘬᖒ࡟グࡉࢀࡓ⦖ᘬࢆᇛᒣබ

ὠ⩏ஂ࡜ᅜศ㞙ே࠘㸦ᅜศ࣭㞙ே㒓ᅵྐ◊✲఍ࠊࠊ

ᅬ࡛෌⌧ࡋࠊࡑࡢ⤖ᯝࡼࡾࠊ኱ᡭཱྀ࠿ࡽᦕᡭཱྀ

S ࡟㢮ఝࡋࡓ⤒㊰ࡀᥥ࠿ࢀ࡚࠸ࡿࠋࡲࡓࠊࠗᓥὠ⩏ࡢ⦖ᘬࡢ⤒㊰ࡣᒎᮃྎࡢ໭ഃࢆ㏻㐣ࡍࡿࡇ࡜ࢆ

ஂ࡜ᅜศ㞙ே࠘ࡢᅗ࡛ࡣ஧ࡘࡢ⦖ᘬࡢ⤒㊰ࡢ஺Ⅼ࡟ࠕ༑ᩥᏐࠖ࡜᭩࠿ࢀ࡚࠸ࡿࠋ

㏙࡭ࠊ⤒㊰ࡢಖᏑ≧ἣࢆ☜ㄆࡋࡓࠋࡲࡓࠊ᪂ᇛ

㸶➹⪅࡟ࡼࡿ᭹㒊᪥グ࡟ࡘ࠸࡚ࡢඛ⾜◊✲ࡣୗグࠋࡢᒇᩜ⾤࡟࠶ࡗࡓᆏඖᒇᩜ➼࡟ࡘ࠸࡚㏙࡭ࡓࠋἙཎὒᏊ㸸ᅜศࡢ㒓ᅵྐᩱ࣭᭹㒊᪥グ㸫ྐᩱࡢ⤂௓࡜స⦖ᘬᖒࡣ⩏ஂࡢᇛ࡙ࡃࡾࡸ㏆ୡᒣᇛࡢᘓ⠏✵ᡂ⫼ᬒࡢ⪃ᐹ㸫ࠊ➨୍ᕤᴗ኱Ꮫ◊✲ሗ࿌ࠊ➨  ྕࠊ㛫ࢆ᫂ࡽ࠿࡟ࡍࡿࡓࡵࡢ᭷ຠ࡞ྐᩱ࡛࠶ࡿࠋ◊SSࠊ

✲ࡀ㐍ࡵࡽࢀࠊᅜศࡢṔྐࢆά࠿ࡍヨࡳ࡟⧅ࡀ㸷ࠕᮾ኱ᡭཱྀஅ஦ࠊ୍ࠊᚚ㛛❧ೃ㊧᭷ࠊᕥྑᒾ᥃㐨℩ᡞᶓ஧㛫⛬ᑡࠎⓏࣜࠊఱ⛬ࡶே㤿㏻⏝᭷அೃࠊᚚ㛛࢑໭ᘘࡿࡇ࡜ࢆᮇᚅࡍࡿࠋ

㛫⛬ࢽ῝࡯ࡁ᭷ࠖࠋ᭹㒊᪥グࡢ᪂ᇛᒇᩜ๭ᅗ࡟ࡶ㢮ఝࡢࡲࡓࠊᮏ◊✲ࡢ෌⌧ㄪᰝࡣᖹᡂ  ᖺᗘ༞ᴗ◊ෆᐜࡀ᭩࠿ࢀ࡚࠸ࡿࠋ

✲ࡢ୍㒊࡜ࡋ࡚ᐇ᪋ࡋࡓࡀࠊᏛ⏕㐩ࡀ⮬୺ⓗ࡟㸯㸮ྲྀࡾ⤌ࡴᵝᏊࢆぢࡿ࡜ࠊ⦖ᘬᖒࡢグ㏙ࡣ㏆ୡ࡟኱ᡭཱྀ࡜ࡉࢀࡿሙᡤࡢ໭ഃࡢᓴ࡟✵Ὕཬࡧࡑࡢ୰ࡢ▼᭩࠿ࢀࡓᩥ❶ࢆㄞࡴࡓࡵࡢ▱㆑ࢆከࡃᚲせ࡜ࡋᰕࢆぢࡘࡅࠊࡑࢀࡽࡀ኱ᡭ㛛࡟㛵ಀࡍࡿ࡜⪃࠼࡚࠸ࡿࠋ࡞࠸ぶࡋࡳࡸࡍ࠸ෆᐜ࡛࠶ࡾࠊṔྐࡢᩍᮦ࡟ࡶ㸯㸯 ὀ㸰ࡢ༞ᴗ◊✲ㄽᩥ࡟ࡼࡿ࡜⠛ᐑࡣࠊ⌧ᆅㄪᰝ࡛ ᅧศㅖྂグࡢࠕ␗ᮏᅜᗓ᪂ᇛ⦖㔪ᖒᢤ᭩ࠖ㸦ࠗᅜศ㒓ᅵㄅ㈨ᩱ⦅࠘㸧࡟ࡣࠊ᪂ᇛ࡟⛣ࡗࡓ  ேࡢ▼㧗࡜㐺ࡋ࡚࠸ࡿ࡜ᛮࢃࢀࡓࠋ

ྡࡀ᭩࠿ࢀ࡚࠸ࡿࠋ⦖ᘬᖒཬࡧ᭹㒊᪥グࡢ᪂ᇛᒇᩜ๭ᅗ

࡟ᥥ࠿ࢀࡓ༊⏬ࡢ୰࡟᭩࠿ࢀࡓྡࡣࠊࡇࢀࡽࡢྡ࡟ྵࡲ

ㅰ㎡

ࢀ࡚࠸ࡿࠋࡲࡓࠊ ேࡢ୰࡛ᆏඖ㸦ᆏᮏ㸧ࡢጣࡣ୍ே

༞ᴗ◊✲ࡢࡓࡵࡢ㈨ᩱ཰ྲྀࡸ⌧ᆅㄪᰝ࡟࠾࠸

ࡔࡅ࡛࠶ࡾࠊ
ࠕ㧗୐ᣠ▼ ᆏᮏ㇏๓Ᏺࠖ࡜᭩࠿ࢀ࡚࠸ࡿࠋ

࡚ࡣࠊ㟝ᓥᕷᙺᡤࠊᅜศ㒓ᅵ㤋ࠊᇛᒣබᅬࡢ⫋ဨ➼ࡢ᪉ࠎࡼࡾᬮ࠿࠸ࡈᨭ᥼ࢆ࠸ࡓࡔࡁࡲࡋࡓࠋ

ᚰࡼࡾᚚ♩⏦ࡋୖࡆࡲࡍࠋ









 

ᅽ㟁ࢭࣥࢧ࡟ࡼࡾᚓࡽࢀࡿ⏕యಙྕࡢ ≉ᚩศᯒ᪉ᘧ࡟㛵ࡍࡿ୍⪃ᐹ ୖ㔝 ோ➨ ୍ ᕤ ᴗ ኱ Ꮫ ᮾ ி ୖ 㔝 ࢟ ࣕ ࣥ ࣃ ࢫ  ࠛ  ᮾ ி 㒔 ྎ ᮾ ༊ ୖ 㔝 㸵 㸫 㸵 㸫 㸲 

h.ueno@ueno.daiichi -koudai.ac.jp
An Analysis for Characteristics of Biosignal
Abstracted from Piezoelectric Sensor
Hitoshi Ueno
Tokyo-Ueno Campus, Daiichi In stitute of Technolog y, 7-7-4, Ueno, Taito -ku, Tokyo, 110 - 0005

h.ueno@ueno.daiichi -koudai.ac.jp

Abstract: We have developed a technology to detect biosignal of a person who sits downon the seat type piezoelectric sensor. This sensor detects vibration of the person's bodysurface and sends data to the computer, and a digital filter program extracts signal
related breathing or heartbeat. We have noticed frequency spectrum of someone’s
heartbeat related signal does not consist of the basic frequency of the heartbeat and it
consists of the higher harmonic frequency. Moreover, this higher harmonic is different
depending on people. Moreover, each person has own higher harmonic. In this research,
we show this frequency spectrum is different if compared with different person, and it i ssimilar if it is compared to same person of different day. This means it is able toidentify a certain degree the person who sits down on the sensor. It is possible to apply
this technology to senior citizen watch system.
Keywords: Care Information Sys tems, Piezoelectric Sensors, Cardiac, Respiration,
Biological Signal Processing㸯. ࡣࡌࡵ࡟

ྕࡢ࿘Ἴᩘࢫ࣌ࢡࢺࣝࡀಶேࡈ࡜࡟␗࡞ࡿ࿘Ἴᩘศ

㧗㱋♫఍ࡢ㐍⾜࡟క࠸㸪୍ேᬽࡽࡋࡢ㧗㱋⪅ᩘࡀᕸࢆ♧ࡍࡇ࡜ࢆ᫂ࡽ࠿࡟ࡍࡿ㸬ࡇࡢཎ⌮ࢆ฼⏝ࡍࡿ኱ᖜ࡟ቑຍࡋ㸪୍ேᬽࡽࡋࡢ㧗㱋⪅ࡢᏙ⊂Ṛࡀ♫఍ࡇ࡜࡟ࡼࡾ㸪㧗㱋⪅Ꮿ࡟」ᩘࡢᒃఫ⪅ࡀ࠸ࡿሙྜ࡟

ၥ㢟࡜࡞ࡗ࡚࠸ࡿࡇࢀ࡟ᑐࡍࡿࡦ࡜ࡘࡢゎỴ⟇࡜࠾࠸࡚ࡶ㸪ࡑࡢಙྕ࠿ࡽㄡࡀಽࢀࡓࡢ࠿ࡀุᐃྍ⬟ࡋ࡚㐲㝸ᆅࡢ㧗㱋⪅ᨭ᥼⪅࠿ࡽ㧗㱋⪅Ꮿࢆ┘どྍ⬟࡜࡞ࡾぢᏲࡾࢩࢫࢸ࣒ࡀࡼࡾ᭷⏝࡜࡞ࡿ㸬࡜ࡍࡿぢᏲࡾタഛࡀ✀ࠎᥦ᱌ࡉࢀ࡚࠸ࡿ㸬ሗ࿌⪅ࡣࢩ࣮ࢺᆺࡢᅽ㟁ࢭࣥࢧࢆ⏝࠸ࡿࡇ࡜࡟ࡼࡾ㠀ᣊ᮰࡛

㸰. ࢩ࣮ࢺᆺᅽ㟁ࢭࣥࢧ࡟ࡼࡿ⏕యಙྕᢳฟ

㧗㱋⪅Ꮿࢆ┘どࡍࡿ㧗㱋⪅ぢᏲࡾࢩࢫࢸ࣒ࢆ㛤Ⓨࡋ

2.1. ࢩ࣮ࢺᆺᅽ㟁ࢭࣥࢧ࡟ࡼࡿィ 㸬ࡇࡢ᪉ᘧ࡛ࡣ㠀ᣊ᮰ࡢࢭࣥࢧࢆ౑⏝ࡍࡿᮏ◊✲࡛౑⏝ࡍࡿࢩ࣮ࢺᆺᅽ㟁ࢭࣥࢧࡣ㸪PVDF

ࡢ࡛㧗㱋⪅࡟㐪࿴ឤࢆ⏕ࡌ࡞࠸࡟ࡶ㛵ࢃࡽࡎ㸪␗ᖖ

㸦Poly Vinylidene Di Fluoride㸧ࢆ౑⏝ࡋࡓእᙧᑍ

࡚࠸ࡿࡇࡢࢭࣥࢧࢆ᳔Ꮚࡢ
ࡀ⏕ࡌࡓሙྜ࡟ࡣ⏕యಙྕࢆྲྀᚓྍ⬟࡛࠶ࡿ࡜࠸࠺㸪 ἲ FPFP ࡢࢭࣥࢧ࡛࠶ࡿ㸬௚ࡢ᪉ᘧ࡟ࡣ↓࠸≉㛗ࡀ࠶ࡿ㸬㠀ᣊ᮰୍࡛ேᬽࡽࡋࡢ㧗㱋⪅ࢆぢᏲࡿࢭࣥࢧࡢ◊✲ࡣࡇࢀࡲ࡛࡟ࡶሗ࿌  ࡀ࠶ࡿࡀ㸪ከᩘࡢ⿕㦂⪅࡛᭷ຠᛶࢆ☜ㄆࡍࡿࡲ࡛࡟ࡣ⮳ࡗ࡚࠸࡞࠸㸬ᮏㄽᩥ࡛ࡣࢩ࣮ࢺᆺᅽ㟁ࢭࣥࢧ࡟ࡼࡾᚓࡽࢀࡓಙ

ୖ࡟⨨ࡁ㸪ࡑࡢୖ࡟⿕㦂⪅ࢆᗙࡽࡏࡿ㸬୍ே࠶ࡓࡾ
㸱ศ㛫ィ ࡋ㸪ᅽ㟁ࢭࣥࢧ࡟ࡼࡾᚓࡽࢀࡓ᣺ືἼᙧ
ࢹ࣮ࢱࢆศᯒ⏝㹎㹁࡟ྲྀᚓࡍࡿ㸬㸦ᅗ㸯㸧ศᯒ⏝㹎㹁࡛ࡣࡇࡢ᣺ືಙྕࢆࡑࢀࡒࢀ␗࡞ࡿ࿘
Ἴᩘࣇ࢕ࣝࢱ࡟㏻ࡍࡇ࡜࡟ࡼࡾ㸪࿧྾࿘ᮇἼᙧ࡜ᚰ

➨୍ᕤᴗ኱Ꮫ◊✲ሗ࿌ࠉ➨ྕࠉ యືᡂศࡸእ㒊ࣀ࢖ࢬ࡞࡝ࡢ୙Ᏻᐃᡂศࢆྵࢇ࡛࠸
ࡿ㸬㸦ᅗ㸰㸧ࡑࡇ࡛㸪⏕యಙྕᡂศࡢࡳࡀྵࡲࢀࡿᏳ
ᐃࡋࡓಙྕ㒊ศࢆ  ⛊ศᢳฟࡋ㸪ࡑࡢಙྕࡢ࿘Ἴᩘ
ࢫ࣌ࢡࢺࣝࢆồࡵࡿ㸬ࡇࢀࡣᚋ㏙ࡍࡿࠕᚰᢿࡺࡽࡂࠖ
ࢆ᳨ฟࡍࡿࡓࡵ࡟᭱ప㝈ᚲせ࡞᫬㛫࡛࠶ࡾ㸪ࡇࡢ⛬ᗘ࡞ࡽከࡃࡢ⿕㦂⪅࠿ࡽᏳᐃ࡞ಙྕࢹ࣮ࢱࢆᚓࡽࢀ
ࡿ᫬㛫࡛ࡶ࠶ࡿ㸬ᅗ  ィ ᶵჾᵓᡂ

ᢿ࿘ᮇἼᙧ࡜࡟ศ㞳ࡋ࡚⾲♧ࡍࡿ㸬 ཎಙྕἼᙧࡢᏳᐃ࡞㒊ศࡣᚰᢿ⏤᮶ࡢಙྕᡂศࡔ
ࡅ࡛࡞ࡃ㸪࿧྾⏤᮶ࡢ㛗࿘ᮇಙྕࡸࣀ࢖ࢬᡂศ࡜ࡋ

ሗ࿌⪅ࡣࡇࡢ࿘Ἴᩘࣇ࢕ࣝࢱࣜࣥࢢ᪉ᘧࡢ◊✲㐣࡚ࡢ▷࿘ᮇಙྕࡀΰࡌࡗ࡚࠸ࡿ㸬ࡑࡇ࡛ +] ௨ୗ⛬࡛㸪≉࡟ᚰᢿ࡟⏤᮶ࡍࡿ᣺ືᡂศࡢ᳨ฟ࡟ಶேᕪ࠾ࡼࡧ +] ௨ୖࡢಙྕᡂศࢆࣇ࢕ࣝࢱ࡟ࡼࡾ࢝ࢵ

ࡀ኱ࡁ࠸ࡇ࡜ࢆⓎぢࡋࡓ㸬ᚰᢿࡣ㏻ᖖ㸯+] ௜㏆ࡢ࿘ࢺࡋࡓಙྕ࡟ᑐࡋ࡚࿘Ἴᩘࢫ࣌ࢡࢺࣝࢆィ⟬ࡍࡿࡇἼᩘࡢἼ࡛࠶ࡿ࡜⪃࠼ࡽࢀࡿࡀ㸪ᮏࢭࣥࢧ࡟ࡼࡾ᳨

࡜࡜ࡋࡓ㸬

ฟࡉࢀࡿᚰᢿ⏤᮶ࡢ᣺ືᡂศࡣ㸪⿕㦂⪅࡟ࡼࡗ࡚㸯+] ௜㏆ࡢ࿘Ἴᩘᡂศࢆ࡯࡜ࢇ࡝ྵࡲ࡞࠸⪅ࡀ࠸ࡿ㸬

㸱. ᐇ㦂᪉ἲࡇࡢࡼ࠺࡞⿕㦂⪅ࡢሙྜ㸪ࡼࡾ㧗࠸㧗ㄪἼᡂศࡀ㸯

3.1. ⿕㦂⪅ࡢࢹ࣮ࢱ᥇ྲྀ᪉ἲ

+] ௜㏆ࡢ࿘Ἴᩘ࡛ $0 ኚㄪࡉࢀࡓἼᙧ࡜ࡋ᳨࡚ฟࡉ

␗࡞ࡿ⿕㦂⪅࠿ࡽ᥇ྲྀࡋࡓࢭࣥࢧࢹ࣮ࢱ࡟ࡘ࠸࡚

ࢀࡿ㸬ࡑࡢࡓࡵ༢⣧࡟㸯+] ௜㏆ࡢ࿘Ἴᩘࣇ࢕ࣝࢱࢆ

ࡣ␗࡞ࡿ࿘Ἴᩘศᕸࡀ⌧ࢀ㸪ྠ୍ࡢ⿕㦂⪅࠿ࡽ᥇ྲྀ࠿ࡅࡿࡔࡅ࡛ࡣᚰᢿ࿘ᮇಙྕࢆศ㞳࡛ࡁ࡞࠸⿕㦂⪅ࡋࡓࢭࣥࢧࢹ࣮ࢱ࡟ࡘ࠸࡚ࡣ㢮ఝࡋࡓ࿘Ἴᩘศᕸࡀ

ࡀᏑᅾࡍࡿ㸬⌧ࢀࡿࡇ࡜ࢆ☜ㄆࡍࡿࡓࡵ㸰✀㢮ࡢᐇ㦂ࢆᐇ᪋ࡋࡓ㸬ࡇࡢ⌧㇟ࡣࡍ࡭࡚ࡢ⿕㦂⪅࡟ᑐࡋ࡚ඹ㏻ࡢ࢔ࣝࢦ

➨୍ࡣ㸪␗࡞ࡿከேᩘࡢࢹ࣮ࢱࢆ཰㞟ࡍࡿᐇ㦂࡛ࣜࢬ࣒ࢆ㐺⏝ࡋ࡚ᚰᢿᡂศࢆᢳฟࡍࡿ࡜࠸࠺ほⅬ࠿࠶ࡾ㸶ྡࡢ⿕㦂⪅࠿ࡽࢹ࣮ࢱࢆྲྀᚓࡋࡓ㸬ࡶ࠺୍ࡘࡽࡣၥ㢟࡜࡞ࡿ㸬ࡋ࠿ࡋ㸪ぢ᪉ࢆኚ࠼ࡿ࡜ᚰᢿ⏤᮶ࡣ୍ಶேࡢࢹ࣮ࢱࢆ␗࡞ࡿ᪥࡟୕ᅇྲྀᚓࡍࡿᐇ㦂࡛ࡢ᣺ືᡂศࢆヲࡋࡃศᯒࡍࢀࡤ㸪ࢭࣥࢧ࡟ゐࢀ࡚࠸࠶ࡾ㸪㸰ྡࡢ⿕㦂⪅࠿ࡽࢹ࣮ࢱࢆྲྀᚓࡋࡓ㸬ࡿ⿕㦂⪅ࢆ㆑ู࡛ࡁࡿྍ⬟ᛶࡀ࠶ࡿࡇ࡜ࢆព࿡ࡍࡿ㸬ᮏ◊✲࡛ࡣᚰᢿᡂศࡢ࿘Ἴᩘࢫ࣌ࢡࢺࣝࢆヲࡋࡃศ
ᯒࡍࡿ㸬



3.2. ␗࡞ࡿከேᩘࡢ⿕㦂⪅࠿ࡽ᥇ྲྀࡋࡓࢹ࣮ࢱ
㸶ྡࡢ⿕㦂⪅࠿ࡽᚓࡓಙྕἼᙧࡢࢢࣛࣇ࡜࿘Ἴᩘ
ࢫ࣌ࢡࢺࣝィ⟬⤖ᯝࢆᅗ㸱࡟♧ࡍ㸬ྛࢢࣛࣇࡢᕥ➃2.2. ⏕యಙྕᢳฟ⠊ᅖ࡟グ㍕ࡋࡓグྕࡣ⿕㦂⪅ࡢ␒ྕࢆ♧ࡋ㸪0㹼0 ࡣ ᅽ㟁ࢭࣥࢧ࠿ࡽᚓࡓཎಙྕࡣ⏕యಙྕᡂศ௨እ࡟⏨ᛶ㸪)㹼) ࡣዪᛶࢆ⾲ࡍ㸬ྛ⿕㦂⪅ࡢ㸱ศ㛫ࡢィ ࢹ࣮ࢱࡢ୰࠿ࡽᏳᐃࡋࡓಙྕἼᙧࡢᮇ㛫  ⛊ࢆ㑅ࡧ㸪ཎಙྕ࡜ࡋࡓ㸬ࡇࢀ࡟ᑐࡋ࡚࿘Ἴᩘࢫ࣌ࢡ
ࢺࣝࢆィ⟬ࡋࡓ⤖ᯝࡀྛ⿕㦂⪅ࡢྑഃࡢࢢࣛࣇ࡛࠶
ࡿ㸬
3.3. ␗࡞ࡿ᪥࡟ྠ୍⿕㦂⪅࠿ࡽ᥇ྲྀࡋࡓࢹ࣮ࢱ
㸰ྡࡢ⿕㦂⪅㸦0㸪0㸧࡟ࡘ࠸࡚㸪␗࡞ࡿ᪥࡟
ࡑࢀࡒࢀ㸱ᅇィ ࡋࡓಙྕἼᙧࡢࢢࣛࣇ࡜࿘Ἴᩘࢫ
࣌ࢡࢺࣝࡢィ⟬⤖ᯝࢆᅗ㸲࡟♧ࡍ㸬ྛィ ᪥ࡢࢢࣛᅗ㸰 ᅽ㟁ࢭࣥࢧཎಙྕ  ⛊㛫 ࡢ୙Ᏻᐃ㒊ศࡢ౛ࣇࡢ࠺ࡕᕥഃࡣཎಙྕࡢ࠺ࡕᏳᐃࡋࡓ  ⛊ࡢᮇ㛫ୖ㔝㸸ᅽ㟁ࢭࣥࢧ࡟ࡼࡾᚓࡽࢀࡿ⏕యಙྕࡢ≉ᚩศᯒ᪉ᘧ࡟㛵ࡍࡿ୍⪃ᐹࢆ㑅ࢇࡔ㒊ศ࡛࠶ࡾ㸪ྑഃࡣࡑࡢಙྕࡢ࿘Ἴᩘࢫ࣌⾲㸯 ⿕㦂⪅ࡈ࡜ࡢ࿘Ἴᩘࢫ࣌ࢡࢺࣝࡢ≉ᚩࢡࢺࣝࢆィ⟬ࡋࡓ⤖ᯝ࡛࠶ࡿ㸬㸲. ࿘Ἴᩘࢫ࣌ࢡࢺࣝ࡟ࡼࡿಶே㆑ู
4.1. ே࡟ࡼࡿ┦㐪ࢩ࣮ࢺᆺᅽ㟁ࢭࣥࢧࡢୖ࡟ᗙࡗࡓ⿕㦂⪅࠿ࡽᚓࡽࢀࡿಙྕࡢ࿘Ἴᩘࢫ࣌ࢡࢺࣝࡀ⿕㦂⪅ẖ࡟␗࡞ࡿࡢ
࡛࠶ࢀࡤ㸪࿘Ἴᩘࢫ࣌ࢡࢺࣝࢆぢࡿࡇ࡜࡟ࡼࡾ㸪ࡑࡢಙྕࡀㄡࡢయ࠿ࡽⓎࡏࡽࢀࡓಙྕ࡛࠶ࡿ࠿ࢆ▱ࡿࡇ࡜ࡀ࡛ࡁࡿ㸬ࡼࡾ⢭ᗘࡼࡃಶே㆑ูࢆࡍࡿࡓࡵ࡟
ࡣ㸪ே࡟ࡼࡗ࡚࿘Ἴᩘࢫ࣌ࢡࢺࣝࡢ≉ᚩࡣ㸪࡛ࡁࡿࡔࡅ␗࡞ࡿࡇ࡜ࡀᮃࡲࡋ࠸㸬 ࡑࡇ࡛⿕㦂⪅㸶ྡ࡟ᑐࡋ࡚ᅽ㟁ࢭࣥࢧୖ࡟ᗙࡿᐇ
㦂ࢆ⾜࠸㸪ᅗ㸱࡟♧ࡍ࿘Ἴᩘࢫ࣌ࢡࢺࣝࡢࢢࣛࣇࢆ
ᚓࡓ㸬ࡇࡇ࠿ࡽ௨ୗࡢほⅬ࡛ಶேࡈ࡜࡟␗࡞ࡿ≉ᚩᅗ㸱 ⿕㦂⪅㸶ྡࡢཎಙྕ㸦 ⛊㛫㸧࡜࿘Ἴᩘࢫ࣌ࢡࢺࣝ㸦㹼+]㸧








➨୍ᕤᴗ኱Ꮫ◊✲ሗ࿌ࠉ➨ྕࠉ ࡀ⌧ࢀ࡚࠸ࡿ࡜⪃࠼ࡿ㸬⾲㸰 ྠ୍⿕㦂⪅࡟࠾ࡅࡿ␗࡞ࡿ᪥ࡢ≉ᚩ ୺࡞ࣆ࣮ࢡ࿘Ἴᩘࡢᒣࡢᙧ≧ࡢ㗦ࡉ ᫂ࡽ࠿࡞ࣆ࣮ࢡᙧ≧ࡀぢࡽࢀࡿ࿘Ἴᩘࡢᒣࡢಶ
ᩘ࠸ࡎࢀࡶᐃᛶⓗ࡞ุᐃࡀᚲせ࡜࡞ࡿホ౯㡯┠࡛࠶ࡿࡀ㸪ᮏ◊✲࡛ࡣࡇࢀ࡟ࡋࡓࡀࡗ࡚ࡇࢀࡽࡢ⿕㦂⪅ࡢ࿘Ἴᩘࢫ࣌ࢡࢺࣝࡢ≉ᚩࢆุᐃࡍࡿ㸬♧ࡍ㸬ᒣࡢಶᩘ࡟ࡘ࠸࡚ࡣ㸪ᚰᢿ⏤᮶ࡢᇶᮏ࿘Ἴᩘ ౛࠼ࡤ⿕㦂⪅ 0 ࡜ 0 ࡢ࿘Ἴᩘࢫ࣌ࢡࢺࣝࡢᙧ

㸦+] ௜㏆㸧ࡢᩚᩘಸ࡜࡞ࡿ㧗ㄪἼࢆᩘ࠼ࡓࡢ࡛㸪≧ࢆẚ㍑ࡍࡿ㸬཮᪉࡜ࡶ +] ࡜ +] ௜㏆࡟ࣆ࣮ࢡ࿘

ఱ␒┠ࡢᒣࢆ᭷ຠ࡜ࡋࡓ࠿ࢆྑ➃ࡢḍ࡟グ㍕ࡋࡓ㸬Ἴᩘࡢᒣࡀ࠶ࡿࡀ㸪0 ࡢᒣࡣ 0 ࡢᒣ࡟ẚ㍑ࡋ࡚

ඛ㗦ᗘ࡜ࣆ࣮ࢡಶᩘࢆẚ㍑⏝ࡢࢹ࣮ࢱᑐ࡜ࡋ࡚ྛ

ࡍࡑ㔝ࡀᗈࡃ㸪ᑤࡾලྜࡀᑠࡉ࠸㸬ࡇࢀࡀୖグほⅬ⿕㦂⪅ࢆẚ㍑ࡍࡿ࡜㸪ྠ୍ࡢࢹ࣮ࢱᑐࢆᣢࡘ⿕㦂⪅ ࡟ࡼࡿ┦㐪࡛࠶ࡿ㸬ࡲࡓ㸪0 ࡜ 0 ࡢ࿘Ἴᩘࢫ

ࡣ࠸࡞࠸㸬ࡇࡢࡇ࡜࠿ࡽ㸪ࡇࡢホ౯᪉ἲ࡟࠾࠸࡚ࡣ

࣌ࢡࢺࣝࢆẚ㍑ࡍࡿ࡜㸪0 ࡟ࡣ㗦࠸ࣆ࣮ࢡࡀ㸲ಶಶேࡈ࡜ࡢᕪࡀ࠶ࡿ⛬ᗘᏑᅾࡍࡿࡇ࡜ࡀ᫂ࡽ࠿࡟࡞

࠶ࡿࡀ㸪0 ࡢ᪉࡟ࡣ㸵ಶࡢࣆ࣮ࢡࡀ࠶ࡾ㸪ᒣࡢಶࡗࡓ࡜ゝ࠼ࡿ㸬ᩘࡀ␗࡞ࡿ㸬ࡇࢀࡀほⅬ  ࡟ࡼࡿ┦㐪࡛࠶ࡿ㸬ࡇࡢほⅬ࠿ࡽ⿕㦂⪅㸶ྡࡢ≉ᛶࢆࡲ࡜ࡵ㸪⾲  ࡟


4.2. ྠ୍ேࡢ୍⮴ᛶ♧ࡍ㸬⿕㦂⪅ࡢᒓᛶ࡜ࡋ࡚㸪␒ྕ㸪ᛶู㸪ᖺ௦ࢆグ๓⠇ࡢ᳨ウ࡟ࡼࡾ㸪ᅽ㟁ࢭࣥࢧࡢಙྕἼᙧ࠿ࡽᚓ

㍕ࡋ㸪࿘Ἴᩘࢫ࣌ࢡࢺࣝࡢ≉ᚩ࡜ࡋ࡚㸪ࣆ࣮ࢡ࿘Ἴ

ࡽࢀࡓ࿘Ἴᩘࢫ࣌ࢡࢺࣝࡀ⿕㦂⪅ẖ࡟␗࡞ࡿࡇ࡜ࡀ

ᩘࡢᒣࡢඛ㗦ᗘ࡜ᒣࡢಶᩘࢆグ㍕ࡋࡓ㸬ඛ㗦ᗘࡣ㸱ศ࠿ࡗࡓ㸬ḟ࡟ྠ୍ே࡟ࡘ࠸࡚ࡣᖖ࡟୍ᐃࡢ࿘Ἴᩘ

ẁ㝵࡜ࡋ㸪‫ۑ‬㸪‫ڹ‬㸪ࡢ㡰࡟ᑤࡾලྜࡀ㗦࠸ࡇ࡜ࢆࢫ࣌ࢡࢺࣝ࡟࡞ࡿ࠿ࢆ᳨ウࡍࡿ㸬ᮏሗ࿌࡟࠾ࡅࡿィᅗ㸲 ␗࡞ࡿ᪥ࡢ࿘Ἴᩘࢫ࣌ࢡࢺࣝࡢඹ㏻ᛶࢆ♧ࡍ౛㸦⿕㦂⪅㸰ྡ㸧ୖ㔝㸸ᅽ㟁ࢭࣥࢧ࡟ࡼࡾᚓࡽࢀࡿ⏕యಙྕࡢ≉ᚩศᯒ᪉ᘧ࡟㛵ࡍࡿ୍⪃ᐹᑐ㇟ࡣ⏕యಙྕ࡛࠶ࡾ㸪యㄪࡸ᫬㛫ᖏ࡟ࡼࡗ࡚ࡣ

㘓ࡋ࡚࠾ࡃࡇ࡜࡟ࡼࡾ㸪᪂ࡓ࡟ᅽ㟁ࢭࣥࢧࡢಙྕࢹ

┦ᙜ␗࡞ࡿ࿘Ἴᩘࢫ࣌ࢡࢺࣝࡀ⌧ࢀࡿྍ⬟ᛶࡀ࠶ࡿ࣮ࢱࡀᚓࡽࢀࡓ࡜ࡁ࡟ࡣ㸪ࡑࢀࡀㄡࡢࢹ࣮ࢱ࠿ࢆ⤠࠿ࡽ࡛࠶ࡿ㸬ࡾ㎸ࡵࡿ࡜⪃࠼ࡽࢀࡿ㸬ᅗ㸲࡟⿕㦂⪅㸰ྡ࡟ࡘ࠸࡚㸪ูࡢ᪥࡟ྲྀᚓࡋࡓᅽ
㟁ࢭࣥࢧಙྕࢆ♧ࡍ㸬ྛ⿕㦂⪅࡜ࡶ  ࣨ᭶࠿ࡽ  ࣨ㸳. ⪃ᐹ

᭶ࡢᮇ㛫ࢆ⨨࠸࡚㸱ᅇࢹ࣮ࢱࢆ᥇ྲྀࡋࡓ㸬ཎಙྕࡢࢩ࣮ࢺᆺᅽ㟁ࢭࣥࢧ࠿ࡽᚓࡽࢀࡿ⏕యಙྕࡣ㸪యἼᙧ㸦ᅗᕥ㸧ࡣྠ୍⿕㦂⪅ࡢሙྜ࡛࠶ࡗ࡚ࡶࢹ࣮ࢱ

ෆࡢື⬦࠿ࡽఏᦙࡋࡓ᣺ືࢆ᳨ฟࡋ࡚࠸ࡿࡶࡢ࡜⪃᥇ྲྀ᫬ᮇ࡟ࡼࡾ୍ぢ␗࡞ࡿࣃࢱ࣮ࣥ࡟࡞ࡗ࡚࠸ࡿࡼ

࠼ࡽࢀࡿ㸬ࡋࡓࡀࡗ࡚㸪ᮏ◊✲ࡢィ ࡛ᚓࡓᚰᢿ࿘࠺࡟ぢ࠼ࡿࡀ㸪ࡑࡢ࿘Ἴᩘࢫ࣌ࢡࢺࣝࡣ᫂ࡽ࠿࡟㢮ᮇࡣື⬦ෆࡢࣜ࢔ࣝࢱ࢖࣒ࡢ⾑ᅽኚື࠿ࡽᚓࡓᚰᢿ

ఝࡋࡓᙧ≧ࢆࡋ࡚࠸ࡿ㸬ࡲࡓ␗࡞ࡿ⿕㦂⪅ 0 ࡜ 0࿘ᮇ࡛࠶ࡿ㸬ᚰᢿ࿘ᮇ࡟ࡣ࿧྾ᛶ୙ᩚ⬦࡟ࡼࡿࠕࡺ

ࡢ㛫࡛ࡢ࿘Ἴᩘࢫ࣌ࢡࢺࣝࡣఝ࡚࠸࡞࠸ࡇ࡜ࡀ᫂ࡽ

ࡽࡂࠖࡀ࠶ࡾ㸪ࡺࡽࡂࡢ᫬㛫ᖜࡣⱝᖺ࡟࡞ࡿ࡯࡝኱

࠿࡛࠶ࡿ㸬

ࡁ࠸ࡇ࡜ࡀ▱ࡽࢀ࡚࠸ࡿ㸬ලయⓗ࡟ࡣᚰ⮚ࡢ㰘ືࡢࡇࡢࢹ࣮ࢱ࡟ࡘ࠸࡚㸪๓⠇࡟グ㍕ࡋࡓᇶ‽࡜ྠࡌ᫬㛫㛫㝸ࡀ୍ᐃ࡛࡞࠸࡜࠸࠺ࡇ࡜ࢆព࿡ࡋ㸪኱ࡁ࠸᪉ἲ࡛≉ᚩࢆẚ㍑ࡋ࡚⾲㸰࡟♧ࡍ㸬⿕㦂⪅ 0 ࡟ࡘሙྜ࡟ࡣ  ࣑ࣜ⛊⛬ᗘࡢኚືࡀ࠶ࡿ⌧㇟࡛࠶ࡿ㸬࠸࡚ࡣඛ㗦ᗘࡀẚ㍑ⓗ㗦ࡃ㸪ࣆ࣮ࢡࡢಶᩘࡀ㸴㹼㸵౛࠼ࡤ㸯ศ㛫࡟  ᅇ㰘ືࡍࡿ⿕㦂⪅ࡢᚰᢿ᫬㛫㛫ಶ࡛࠶ࡿ࡜࠸࠺ࡇ࡜࠿ࡽ㸪ᮇ㛫ࢆ⨨࠸ࡓ࡟ࡶ㛵ࢃࡽ㝸ࡣ᭱኱㸯⛊s ࣑ࣜ⛊⛬ᗘࡢ⠊ᅖ࡛ኚືࡍࡿࡇ

ࡎ┦ᙜ࡞㢮ఝᛶࡀ⥔ᣢࡉࢀ࡚࠸ࡿ࡜⪃࠼ࡿ㸬⿕㦂⪅࡜ࢆ♧ࡍ㸬࿘Ἴᩘ࡟᥮⟬ࡍࢀࡤᇶᮏ࿘Ἴᩘࢆ㸯+] ࡜

0 ࡟ࡘ࠸࡚ࡶ㸪ඛ㗦ᗘࡀ㕌ࡃ㸪ࣆ࣮ࢡࡢಶᩘࡀᑡ

⪃࠼ࡿ࡜㸯+]s+] ࡢኚືࡀ࠶ࡿࡇ࡜ࢆព࿡ࡋ㸪࡞࠸ࡇ࡜࠿ࡽ㸪ྠᵝ࡟㢮ఝᛶࡀ⥔ᣢࡉࢀ࡚࠸ࡿ࡜⪃ⱝᖺ⪅࡯࡝࿘Ἴᩘࢫ࣌ࢡࢺࣝࡢඛ㗦ᗘࡀᑠࡉ࠸⌧㇟࠼ࡿ㸬ࡣࡇࢀࡀࡦ࡜ࡘࡢཎᅉ࡛࠶ࡿ࡜⪃࠼ࡽࢀࡿ㸬ࡋࡓࡀࡗ࡚㸪ྠ୍ே࡛࠶ࢀࡤࡑࡢ࿘Ἴᩘࢫ࣌ࢡࢺ

⾑ᅽἼᙧ࡟ᙳ㡪ࢆ୚࠼ࡿせᅉ࡟ࡣࡶ࠺ࡦ࡜ࡘ㸪ᚰࣝࡢ≉ᚩࡣᮇ㛫ࢆ⨨࠸࡚࠿ࡽ෌ィ ࡋࡓሙྜ࡟࠾࠸

⮚ࡀື⬦࡟⾑ᾮࢆ㏦ฟࡍࡿ㝿࡟⾑⟶ෆ࡛Ⓨ⏕ࡍࡿᅽ࡚ࡶ┦ᙜࡢ㢮ఝᛶࡀ⥔ᣢࡉࢀࡿ࡜⪃࠼ࡿ㸬ຊࡢ཯ᑕἼࡀ࠶ࡿࡇ࡜ࡀ▱ࡽࢀ࡚࠸ࡿ㸬ᅽຊ཯ᑕࡢ

⛬ᗘࡣಶேࡢ⾑⟶ࡢ◳ࡉࡸ⾑ᾮࡢ⢓ᛶ࡞࡝ࡢ≧ἣ࡟

4.3. ಶே㆑ู࡬ࡢ㐺⏝ࡼࡗ࡚␗࡞ࡿࡢ࡛㸪ࡑࢀ࠿ࡽ⏕ࡌࡿ⾑ᅽἼᙧࡢኚᙧ

๓⠇ࡢ᳨ウ࡟ࡼࡾ㸪⿕㦂⪅ࡀ␗࡞ࢀࡤ␗࡞ࡿ࿘Ἴ

࡟ࡶಶேᕪࡀ⌧ࢀࡿ㸬⾑ᅽἼᙧࡢࡺࡀࡳࡣ࿘Ἴᩘࢫ

ᩘࢫ࣌ࢡࢺࣝࡢ≉ᚩࡀᚓࡽࢀ㸪⿕㦂⪅ࡀྠ୍࡛࠶ࢀ

࣌ࢡࢺࣝࢆほᐹࡍࡿ࡜㧗࿘Ἴᡂศࡢቑຍ࡜࡞ࡗ࡚⌧ࡤ࡯ࡰྠ➼ࡢ≉ᚩࡀ࠼ࡽࢀࡿࡇ࡜ࡀศ࠿ࡗࡓ㸬ࡍ࡞ࢀࡿࡓࡵ㸪ᅽ㟁ࢭࣥࢧ࡛᥇ྲྀࡋࡓಙྕ࡛ࡶ࿘Ἴᩘࢫ

ࢃࡕ㸪ணࡵಶே༢఩࡛࿘Ἴᩘࢫ࣌ࢡࢺࣝࡢ≉ᚩࢆⓏ࣌ࢡࢺࣝࡢᙧ≧ࡢᕪ࡟࡞ࡗ࡚⌧ࢀࡿࡶࡢ࡜⪃࠼ࡽࢀࡿ㸬࿘Ἴᩘࢫ࣌ࢡࢺࣝࡢ≉ᚩ࡜⿕㦂⪅ࡢᖺ௦ࡢ㛵ಀࢆᅗ㸳࡟♧ࡍ㸬ࢹ࣮ࢱᩘࡀᑡ࡞࠸ࡓࡵ
☜ᐃⓗ࡞ࡇ࡜ࡣゝ࠼࡞࠸ࡀ㸪ࣆ࣮ࢡಶᩘ࡜ඛ㗦ᗘࡢ୧ᑻᗘ
࡜ࡶᖺ㱋࡟ẚ㍑ⓗᙉ࠸┦㛵ࡀ࠶ࡿࡶࡢ࡜ண᝿࡛ࡁࡿ㸬௒ᅇ⏝࠸ࡓᑻᗘࡀᖺ㱋࡟ᙉ࠸┦㛵ࢆᣢࡘ࡜௬ᐃࡍࡿ࡜㸪ࡇࡢ᪉ᅗ㸳 ⿕㦂⪅ࡢᖺ௦࡜࿘Ἴᩘࢫ࣌ࢡࢺࣝࡢࣆ࣮ࢡᙧ≧ุᐃᑻᗘ

ἲ࡟ࡼࡿಶே㆑ูࡣ୺࡜ࡋ࡚






➨୍ᕤᴗ኱Ꮫ◊✲ሗ࿌ࠉ➨ྕࠉ ᖺ㱋ࡢ┦㐪࡟ࡼࡿ㆑ู࡜ࡋ࡚ᶵ⬟ࡍࡿࡇ࡜࡟࡞ࡾ㸪the International Conference, pp.1502-1505 (2016)

␗࡞ࡿᖺ௦ࡢே㛫ࡀ࠸ࡿሙᡤ࡛ࡢಶே㆑ู࡟ࡣ᭷⏝  ෆ⏣Ὀᗈ⃝ᮏ₶ᮡ㔝ᰤ஧͆ຍ㏿ᗘࢭࣥࢧࢆά⏝ࡋࡓ㠀⿦࡛࠶ࡿࡀ㸪ྠᖺ௦ࡢே㛫ࡀ࠸ࡿሙᡤ࡛ࡢಶே㆑ู⬟╔ᆺࡢே㛫ࡢ⾜ື᥎ᐃࢩࢫࢸ࣒͇ಙᏛᢏ

ຊࡣప࠸࡜࠸࠺ࡇ࡜࡟࡞ࡿ㸬

ሗYROQRSS  ௒ᚋࡣࡼࡾከࡃࡢࢹ࣮ࢱࢆ཰㞟ࡍࡿࡇ࡜࡟ࡼࡾ㸪  ᯇ㔝ᩗྖ͆ࢱ࢖࣮ࣝ࢝࣌ࢵࢺ࡟ᇙࡵ㎸ࡲࢀࡓⲴ㔜ࢭࣥࢧࡢࡉࡽ࡟᭷ຠ࡞ಶே㆑ูᑻᗘࢆ᳨ウࡍࡿᚲせࡀ࠶ࡿ㸬㐃⤖᥋⥆᪉ᘧᥦ᱌࡜ࡑࡢ⊂ᒃ㧗㱋⪅ぢᏲࡾࢩࢫࢸ࣒࡬ࡢᛂ

⏝͇ಙᏛᢏሗYROQRSS  

㸴. ⤖ㄽ  ⴗཎ೺ᮡ⏣඾኱ྜྷ⃝ㄔᮏ㛫⤒ᗣ㜿㒊ㄔᑠཎ୍ㄔᯇᒸ

㧗㱋⪅ᨭ᥼᪋タࡀ࢖ࣥࢱ࣮ࢿࢵࢺࢆ㏻ࡌ࡚㧗㱋⪅ᡂᕫᩧ⸨ຌ୍ᚋ⸨ཌᚿ͆ࢩ࣮ࢺᆺᚤᑠኚ఩ࢭࣥࢧࢆ⏝࠸ࢆᖖ᫬┘どྍ⬟࡜ࡍࡿࡇ࡜ࢆ┠ⓗ࡟㸪ࢩ࣮ࢺᆺᅽ㟁࡚᥎ᐃࡋࡓᚰᢿᩘኚືࡢಙ㢗ᛶホ౯͇⏕య་ᕤᏛ ᕳ ࢭࣥࢧࢆᏯෆ࡟ᩜࡁワࡵࡿぢᏲࡾᨭ᥼ࢩࢫࢸ࣒ࢆ㛤

ྕSS  Ⓨࡋ࡚࠸ࡿ㸬ᇶᮏⓗ࡟ࡣ୍ேᬽࡽࡋࡢ㧗㱋⪅ࡀ⑓Ẽ࡞࡝࡛ಽࢀࡓሙྜ࡟ࡑࡢ⏕యಙྕࢆ㐲㝸ᆅ࠿ࡽほᐹࡋ࡚㸪་⒪ࡀᚲせ࡞⥭ᛴ஦ែࡢᜍࢀࡀ࠶ࡿ࠿ྰ࠿ࢆ

ุ᩿ࡍࡿ࣮ࣘࢫࢣ࣮ࢫࢆ᝿ᐃࡋ࡚࠸ࡿ㸬ࡋ࠿ࡋ㸪ᑗ᮶ⓗ࡟ࡣ」ᩘࡢ⏕ά⪅ࡀ࠸ࡿᐙᒇ࡟࠾࠸࡚ࡶ㸪⏕యಙྕ࡟␗ᖖࡀ࠶ࢀࡤ㸪ㄡࡀ␗ᖖ࡛࠶ࡿ࠿ࢆุᐃࡍࡿ

ࢩࢫࢸ࣒࡟ᣑᙇࡋ࡚࠸ࡃ᪉㔪࡛࠶ࡿ㸬ᮏ◊✲ࡣ」ᩘ⏕ά⪅⎔ቃ࡛ࡢ౑⏝ࢆ┠ⓗ࡜ࡋ࡚㸪ࢩ࣮ࢺᆺᅽ㟁ࢭࣥࢧ࡛ᚓࡓಙྕࢹ࣮ࢱ࠿ࡽ୍ᐃࡢ⠊ᅖ࡟࠾ࡅࡿಶே㆑ู᪉ᘧࡢ☜❧ࢆ┠ᶆ࡜ࡋࡓ㸬௒ᅇሗ࿌ࡋࡓ⿕㦂⪅ࢹ࣮ࢱ࡜࿘Ἴᩘࢫ࣌ࢡࢺࣝࡢ

ศᯒ᪉ἲ࡟ࡼࡾ㸪␗࡞ࡿ⿕㦂⪅࡟ࡣ␗࡞ࡿ࿘Ἴᩘࢫ

࣌ࢡࢺࣝࡀ⌧ࢀ㸪ྠ୍ே≀࡛࠶ࢀࡤ␗࡞ࡿ᪥࡟ࢹ࣮

ࢱࢆྲྀᚓࡋ࡚ࡶ㢮ఝࡋࡓ࿘Ἴᩘࢫ࣌ࢡࢺࣝࡀᚓࡽࢀ

ࡿࡇ࡜ࡀศ࠿ࡗࡓ㸬ࡇࢀࡣ㸪ᅽ㟁ࢭࣥࢧ࠿ࡽᚓࡓಙ

ྕࢹ࣮ࢱࢆ⏝࠸࡚ಶே㆑ูࡀྍ⬟࡛࠶ࡿࡇ࡜ࢆព࿡

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ࡍࡿ㸬

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ࡋ࠿ࡋ㸪௒ᅇᥦ᱌ࡋࡓุᐃᑻᗘࡣཎ⌮ⓗ࡟ᖺ㱋࡟ᙉ࠸┦㛵ࡀ࠶ࡿ࡜⪃࠼ࡽࢀࡿࡓࡵ㸪ຠ⋡ࡼࡃ㧗࠸⢭ᗘ࡛ࡢಶே㆑ูࢆᐇ⌧ࡍࡿࡓࡵ࡟㸪௒ᚋࡣᖺ㱋࡟┦㛵ࡀప࠸ᑻᗘࢆ᳨ウࡍࡿᚲせࡀ࠶ࡿ㸬ཧ⪃ᩥ⊩  ୖ㔝ோ㚝ࣨỤṇᕭ࢙࢘࢔ࣇ࣮ࣜࢭࣥࢧ࡟ࡼࡿ㧗㱋⪅ぢᏲࡾᨭ᥼ࢩࢫࢸ࣒ࡢᥦ᱌࡜㒊ศヨసಙᏛᢏሗ0,&7
 
Hitoshi Ueno, "Development of Wear-Free Health

Monitoring System for Independent Aged People," 2016
IEEE Region 10 Conference (TENCON), Proceedings of

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ᇶ┙࢚ࢿࣝࢠ࣮⮬⏤໬ࡀ㐍ࡴ᪥ᮏ࡟࠾ࡅࡿ࢚ࢿࣝࢠ࣮㈍኎௦⌮ᗑࣅࢪࢿࢫࡢྍ⬟ᛶ࡟㛵ࡍࡿ୍⪃ᐹᘓᐑ ດ
➨୍ᕤᴗ኱Ꮫ෸ᩍᤵ ᝟ሗ㟁Ꮚࢩࢫࢸ࣒ᕤᏛ⛉ࠛ ᮾி㒔 ྎᮾ༊ୖ㔝 
7(/(PDLO WWDWHPL\D#XHQRGDLLFKLNRXGDLDFMS

A Study of possibility of Sells agent of electric company in Japan                Tsutomu Tatemiya
Abstract
In this article, I would like to explore of possibility of personal financial success from sells agent of electriccompany in Japan. The concern with side business for personal financial success has been growing, because
Japanese government changes the Working policy at January 2018 to promote side business from to prohibit it.
I think sells agent of electric company looks like the house owner business and effective for personal financial
success.
Keywords: sells agent of electric company, Personal success ,Side business㸬 ࡣࡌࡵ࡟

ᖺࡢ⮬ẅ⪅ᩘࡣ๓ᖺẚ  ேῶࡢ㸰୓  ே࡛㸵ᖺ㐃⥆ῶᑡࡋࠊ ᖺࡪࡾ࡟㸰୓㸰༓ேࢆୗᅇࡗ
᪥ᮏ࡛ࡣ࠸ࡼ࠸ࡼ࢚ࢿࣝࢠ࣮⮬⏤໬ࡀᮏ᱁໬ࡋࠊ

ࡓࠋෆヂࡣ⏨ᛶࡀ㸯୓  ேࠊዪᛶࡀ  ேࠋ㸧ࡉࡲࡊࡲ࡞ࣅࢪࢿࢫࢳࣕࣥࢫࡀ⏕ࡲࢀ࡚࠸ࡿࠋ⚾  ⤒ႠᏛࢆά࠿ࡋ࡚ಶேࡀᖾࡏ࡞⏕άࢆࡘ࠿ࡴ◊✲ࡢ⯆࿡ࡣࠊࡇࡢࡼ࠺࡞ࢳࣕࣥࢫࡀാࡃಶேࠊ≉࡟ࢆࣛ࢖ࣇ࣮࣡ࢡ࡜ࡋ࡚࠸ࡿ➹⪅࡜ࡋ࡚ࡣࠊࡇࡢ࢚

኱ከᩘࡢ⿕㞠⏝⪅ࡢ㈈ົⓗ࡞ᖾࡏ࡟ࡶࡓࡽࡍࡼ࠸

ࢿࣝࢠ࣮ࣅࢪࢿࢫ࡟ࡼࡿࢳࣕࣥࢫࢆࡦ࡜ࡘࡢ኱ࡁ

ᙳ㡪࡟ࡘ࠸࡚࡛࠶ࡿࠋ

࡞ಶேࡢ㈈ົⓗ࡞ᡂຌࢆᑟࡃྍ⬟ᛶ࡜ࡋ࡚⪃࠼ࡓ᪥ᮏࡢࢧ࣮࣐ࣛࣜࣥࡣࠊୡ⏺ⓗ࡟ぢ࡚ࡶ㛗᫬㛫ᚲṚ࡟⁛⚾ዊබ࡛ാ࠸࡚࠸ࡿࡼ࠺࡟ぢ࠼ࡿࡀࠊᐇ

࠸ࡢ࡛࠶ࡿࠋ   ᪥ᮏ࡛ࡣ㛗ࡃ๪ᴗ⚗Ṇつᐃ࡜࠸࠺ࡶࡢࡀ኱௻ᴗ
ࢆ୰ᚰ࡟࠶ࡾࠊࡦ࡜ࡘࡢ௙஦ࢆ໅ࡵୖࡆࡿࡇ࡜ࡀ

ࡣ࠶ࡲࡾሗࢃࢀ࡚࠸࡞࠸ࡼ࠺࡟ぢཷࡅࡽࢀࡿࠋ
ࡑࡢ⌮⏤ࡣࠊேཱྀ  ୓ேᙜࡓࡾࡢ⮬ẅ⪅ᩘࢆ♧⨾ᚨࡢࡼ࠺࡟㛗࠸᫬㛫ࢆ࠿ࡅ࡚ᛮ࠸㎸ࡲࡉࢀ࡚ࡁ

ࡍ⮬ẅṚஸ⋡ࡀ᪥ᮏࡣୡ⏺࡛㸴␒┠࡟㧗࠸ࡓࡵࡓࡀࠊᐇࡣࡇࢀࡣ㞠⏝⪅ഃ࡟࡜ࡗ࡚ࡣ࡜࡚ࡶ㒔ྜ࡛࠶ࡿࠋୡ⏺ಖ೺ᶵ㛵㸦㹕㹆㹍㸧ࡢ⤫ィ࡟ࡼࢀࡤࠊ

ࡀࡼ࠸ࡇ࡜ࡔࡀࠊ⿕㞠⏝⪅࡟࡜ࡗ࡚ࡣ㒔ྜࡢࡼ࠸ⱝᖺᒙࡢ⮬ẅ࡜஦ᨾࡢṚஸ⋡ࢆඛ㐍㸵࢝ᅜ࡛ẚ࡭ࡶࡢ࡛ࡣ࡞࠸ࠋࡑࡢ⌮⏤ࡣࠊ⿕㞠⏝⪅ࡢ㈤㔠ࡣࠊࡿ࡜ࠊ⮬ẅࡀ஦ᨾࢆୖᅇࡗࡓࡢࡣ᪥ᮏࡔࡅ࡛࠶ࡾࠊ

ᴗ⦼࡜࡯࡜ࢇ࡝㐃ືࡋ࡚࠾ࡽࡎࠊࡀࢇࡤࡗࡓ⤖ᯝᨻᗓࡀ  ᖺ∧࡜ࡋ࡚Ⓨ⾲ࡋࡓཌ⏕ປാ┬Ⓨ⾲ࡢࡢᯝᐇࢆᚓࡽࢀ࡞࠸ࡼ࠺࡟࡞ࡗ࡚࠸ࡿ࠿ࡽ࡛࠶ࡿࠋ

⮬ẅᑐ⟇ⓑ᭩ࡣࠕⱝ࠸ୡ௦ࡢ⮬ẅࡣ῝้࡞≧ἣ࡟ࡉࡽ࡟⤫ィⓗ࡟ࡳ࡚ࠊே⏕ࡢᚋ༙࡛኱ࡁࡃ཰ධࡀ

࠶ࡿࠖ࡜ࡋ࡚࠸ࡿࠋࡑࡋ࡚⏨ᛶࡢ⮬ẅᩘࡀዪᛶࡢ

ୗࡀࡿ௙⤌ࡳ࡟࡞ࡗ࡚࠾ࡾࠊࡶ࠺ࡑࡢ᫬Ⅼ࠿ࡽࡣ⣙஧ಸ࡜࡞ࡗ࡚࠾ࡾ㸦㆙ᐹᗇࡢ⤫ィ࡟ࡼࡿ࡜ࠊ

ᖺ㱋ⓗ࡟ࡶࣜ࢝ࣂ࣮࡛ࣜࡁ࡞࠸ࡼ࠺࡟࡞ࡗ࡚࠸ࡿ
ࡢ࡛ࠊⱝᖺᒙࡔࡅ࡛࡞ࡃࠊᖺ㔠ࡢᏳᐃࡀ☜ಖࡉࢀ࡚

1ཌ⏕ປാ┬ࠕ⮬ẅᑐ⟇ⓑ᭩ࠖ
http://www.mhlw.go.jp/wp/hakusyo/jisatsu/17-2/index.html
 2018.3.15 ࢔ࢡࢭࢫ࠸ࡿ࡜ࡣゝ࠼࡞࠸ࡇࢀ࠿ࡽࡢࢩࢽ࢔ᒙ࡛ࡶ࡜࡚ࡶཝ

➨୍ᕤᴗ኱Ꮫ◊✲ሗ࿌ࠉ➨ྕࠉ ࡋ࠸⌧ᐇࡀᚅࡗ࡚࠸ࡿ࡜⪃࠼ࡽࢀࡿࠋ ᅗ㸱 ⏨ᛶࡢ⏘ᴗูᖺ㱋ู㈤㔠࣮࢝ࣈ ᅗ㸯 ከࡃࡢࢧ࣮࣐ࣛࣜࣥࡣ⮬ศࡢࡓࡵ࡟ാ࠸࡚   ዪᛶࡣࡑࡶࡑࡶ໅⥆ᖺᩘࡢ㛗ࡉ࡟ࡳ࠶࠺཰ධࡢఙࡧࡀぢཷࡅࡽࢀ࡞࠸    ࠸࡞࠸ࠋ㸦➹⪅సᡂ㸧ᐇ㝿ࡢ࡜ࡇࢁཌ⏕ປാ┬ࡢⓎ⾲࡟ࡼࢀࡤࠊ㈤㔠࣮࢝ࣈࡣ㸳㸮௦࠿ࡽ࠶ࡽࡺࡿ⫋✀࡛኱ࡁࡃୗࡀࡗ࡚࠾ࡾࠊ
ᖹᆒᑑ࿨ࡀ㛗ࡃ࡞ࡿศࠊཝࡋࡃ㛗࠸⪁ᚋࡀᚅࡗ࡚࠸ࡿ
ࡇ࡜ࡀண ࡛ࡁࡿࠋ ᅗ㸲 ዪᛶࡢ⏘ᴗูᖺ㱋ู㈤㔠࣮࢝ࣈࡘࡲࡾࡣ௨ୗࡢࡼ࠺࡞ࠊᮍ᮶࡟ᕼᮃࡀᣢ࡚࡞࠸ࣔ
ࢹࣝ࡟࡞ࡗ࡚࠸ࡿࡢࡔࡀࠊᐇ㝿࡟ࡇࡢࡼ࠺࡞ᮍ᮶࡟
ᑐࡋ࡚ᑐ⟇ࢆㅮࡌ࡚࠸ࡿಶேࡣࡲࡔࡲࡔከࡃ࡞࠸ࠋᅗ㸰 ⏨ዪูᖺ㱋ู㈤㔠࣮࢝ࣈ⏨ᛶࡣ  ௦ᚋ༙࠿ࡽ኱ࡁࡃ཰ධࡀῶᑡࡋࠊ

2ཌ⏕ປാ┬㈤㔠ㄪᰝ᭱᪂∧http://www.mhlw.go.jp/toukei/itiran/roudou/chingin/kouzou/z201
7/index.html
  2018.3.20 ࢔ࢡࢭࢫᘓᐑ㸸ᇶ┙࢚ࢿࣝࢠ࣮⮬⏤໬ࡀ㐍ࡴ᪥ᮏ࡟࠾ࡅࡿ࢚ࢿࣝࢠ࣮㈍኎௦⌮ᗑࣅࢪࢿࢫࡢྍ⬟ᛶ࡟㛵ࡍࡿ୍⪃ᐹࡿᶵ㛵ࡢㄪ࡭࡟ࡼࢀࡤࠊ ᖺ᫬Ⅼ࡛ࠊୡ⏺ࡢୖ࠿ࡽᩘ࠼࡚㸴㸰ேࡢᐩ㇦ࡓࡕࡢᖺ㛫ᡤᚓࡣࠊୡ⏺ࡢ࣎ࢺ࣒࠿ࡽᩘ࠼࡚㸱㸳൨ே㸦ᙜ᫬ࡢୡ⏺ேཱྀࡢ⣙༙ᩘ㸧࡜ྠᵝ࡛࠶ࡗࡓࠋᅗ㸳 㞠⏝ࡉࢀ࡚࠸ࡿேࡓࡕࡢ㈤㔠࣮࢝ࣈࣔࢹࣝ
ࡇࡢࡼ࠺࡞≧ἣୗ࡛ࡶࠊከࡃࡢ⿕㞠⏝⪅ࡀḟ࡞ࡿᡭࢆᡴ࡜࠺࡜ࡋ࡞࠸⌮⏤ࡣࠊࡦ࡜ࡘࡣࠕᏛ⩦ᛶ↓ຊឤࠖ࡟࠶ࡿ࡜ゝࢃࢀࡿࠋᏛ⩦ᛶ↓ຊឤ࡜ࡣ㛗ᮇ࡟ࢃࡓࡗ࡚
ࢫࢺࣞࢫࡢᅇ㑊ᅔ㞴࡞⎔ቃ࡟⨨࠿ࢀࡓேࡸື≀ࡣࠊࡑᅗ㸵 ୡ⏺ࡢᡤᚓ᱁ᕪࡣຍ㏿ⓗ࡟ᗈࡀࡗ࡚࠸ࡿࠋ
 ᖺ࢜ࢵࢡࢫࣇ࢓࣒࣏࣮ࣞࢺࡼࡾ➹⪅సᡂࡢᅔ㞴࡞≧ἣ࠿ࡽ㏨ࢀࡼ࠺࡜ࡍࡿດຊࡍࡽ⾜ࢃ࡞ࡃ࡞ࡿ࡜࠸࠺⌧㇟࡛࠶ࡿࠋࡘࡲࡾࠊ࠶ࡲࡾ࡟ࡶẖ᪥ࢫࢺࣞࡇࢀࡀ㸰㸮㸯㸵ᖺ࡟࡞ࡿ࡜ຍ㏿ⓗ࡟ᕪࡀ㛤࠸࡚࠾ࡾࠊ

ࢫࢆ࠿ࡅࡽࢀ࡚࠸࡚⪃࠼ࡿࡔࡅ࡛ࡘࡽ࠸ࡢ࡛ࡶ࠺཯ᛂ

ࢺࢵࣉ㸯㸣ࡀୡ⏺ࡢᡤᚓࡢ 㸣ࢆᥱࡾࡋࡵࡿ୍᪉ࠊ࣎

ࡋ࡞࠸ࡼ࠺࡟ࡋࡼ࠺࡜࠸࠺ࡇ࡜࡛࠶ࡿࠋ

ࢺ࣒࠿ࡽᩘ࠼࡚㸱㸵൨ேࡣࡓࡗࡓ㸯㸣ᮍ‶ࢆศࡅྜࡗ

ୡ⏺࡟┠ࢆྥࡅࡿ࡜෠ࡢศ㓄࡟ࡘ࠸࡚ࡣᖺࠎࣂࣛࣥ

࡚࠸ࡿ࡜࠸࠺≧ἣ࡟࡞ࡗ࡚࠸ࡿࠋ

ࢫࡀᝏ໬ࡋ࡚࠾ࡾࠊ࡯ࢇࡢ୍㒊ࡢࢺࢵࣉࡀ࡯ࡰࡍ࡭࡚ ࡇࡢࡼ࠺࡞≧ἣࢆぢ࡚ࡃࡿ࡜ࠊ㞠⏝ࡉࢀ࡚࠸ࡿ௙஦

ࡢᡤᚓࢆᥱࡾࡋࡵ࡚ࠊࡑࢀ௨እࡢேࡓࡕ࡟ศ㓄ࡉࢀ࡞୍ᮏ࡛Ᏻᚰ࡛ࡁࡿே⏕ࡢᚋ༙ࢆᡭ࡟ධࢀࡿࡇ࡜ࡣຍ㏿࠸࡜࠸࠺⌧㇟ࡀຍ㏿ࡋ࡚࠸ࡿࠋ

ⓗ࡟ᅔ㞴࡟࡞ࡗ࡚࠸ࡿ࡛࠶ࡿࡀࠊ᪥ᮏ࡛ࡣ㛗ࡃ๪ᴗ⚗Ṇࡀᖖ㆑ࡢࡼ࠺࡟⪃࠼ࡽࢀ࡚ࡁࡓࠋ
ࡑࡢ᰿ᮏཎᅉ࡜࡞ࡗ࡚࠸ࡓࠕࣔࢹࣝᑵᴗつ๎ࠖࡀࠊ ᖺ㸯᭶࡟ᨵゞࡉࢀࠊࡇࢀ࠿ࡽࡢ᪥ᮏࡣ᪂ࡋ࠸᫬௦ࠋ
ࡘࡲࡾ」ᩘࡢ௙஦ࢆ⾜࠺ࡇ࡜ࡀᬑ㏻ࡢ᫬௦࡟✺ධࡍࡿࠋࡇࢀࡣ⏬ᮇⓗ࡞ኚ໬࡛࠶ࡿࠋ
ලయⓗ࡟ࡣࠊࣔࢹࣝᑵᴗつ๎ࡣ௨ୗࡢࡼ࠺࡟  ᗘኚ໬ࡋࠊ௻ᴗࡣ๪ᴗࢆཎ๎ㄆࡵ࡞ࡃ࡚ࡣ࡞ࡽ࡞ࡃ࡞ࡿࠋ
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ᅗ㸴 ୡ⏺ࡢᡤᚓࡢศ㓄ࣔࢹࣝ㸦 ᖺ㸧࢜ࢵࢡࢫࣇ࢓࣒࣏࣮ࣞࢺࡼࡾ➹⪅సᡂ࢜ࢵࢡࢫࣇ࢓࣒࡜࠸࠺ୡ⏺ⓗ࡞᱁ᕪᨵၿࢆ┠ⓗ࡜ࡍ
3࣌ࣥࢩࣝ࣋ࢽ࢔኱Ꮫࡢ࣐࣮ࢸ࢕࣭ࣥࢭࣜࢢ࣐ࣥᩍᤵࡀᥦၐࡋࡓࠋ
http://ppc.sas.upenn.edu/2018.3.25 ࢔ࢡࢭࢫࠕ᭱ࡶ㇏࠿࡞㸯㸣ࡢࡓࡵࡢ⤒῭ࠖ࢜ࢵࢡࢫࣇ࢓࣒ㄪᰝ
http://oxfam.jp/news/cat/press/post_666.html
2018.12.16 ࢔ࢡࢭࢫ5 ࠕ㈨⏘࡛ࡣ࡞ࡃປാ࡟ሗ㓘ࢆࠖ࢜ࢵࢡࢫࣇ࢓࣒ㄪᰝ
http://oxfam.jp/news/cat/press/2018.html
2018.3.1 ࢔ࢡࢭࢫ6 ཌ⏕ປാ┬ࠕࣔࢹࣝᑵᴗつ๎ ๪ᴗ࣭වᴗࠖ
http://www.mhlw.go.jp/stf/seisakunitsuite/bunya/0000192188.ht
ml 2018.3.15 ࢔ࢡࢭࢫ➨୍ᕤᴗ኱Ꮫ◊✲ሗ࿌ࠉ➨ྕࠉ ᅗ㸶 ᪂ࡋ࠸ࣔࢹࣝᑵᴗつ๎ ๪ᴗ࣭වᴗ̿㸯 ᅗ  ᪂ࡋ࠸ࣔࢹࣝᑵᴗつ๎ ๪ᴗ࣭වᴗ̿㸱ࡉ࡚ࠊࡇࡢࡼ࠺࡞᪂ࡋ࠸≧ἣࡢ୰࡛ࠊᑗ᮶ࡢ཰ධ
※࡟ഛ࠼ࡿࡓࡵ࡟࡝ࡢࡼ࠺࡞๪ᴗࢆຍ࠼࡚࠸ࡃࡢࡀ
⌧ᐇⓗ࡞ࡢࡔࢁ࠺࠿㸽 ᐇ㝿࡟ࡼࡃ⾜ࢃࢀ࡚࠸ࡿࡀࠊ㛗࠸┠࡛ぢ࡚೺ᗣࢆᐖࡍࡿྍ⬟ᛶࡀ㧗ࡃ┦஌ຠᯝࡶ⏕ࡲࢀ࡞࠸ࡓࡵ࠶ࡲ
ࡾ㈼࠸࡜ࡣゝ࠼࡞࠸ࡢࡀ௨ୗࡢࠕ┦஫㛵㐃ᛶࡀ࡞࠸ປാ㞟⣙ⓗ⣼✚ᆺ๪ᴗ࡛ࠖ࠶ࡿࠋᅗ㸷 ᪂ࡋ࠸ࣔࢹࣝᑵᴗつ๎ ๪ᴗ࣭වᴗ̿㸰ࡇࢀࡲ࡛ࡶุ౛࡛ࡣࠊ఍♫࡛ࡣᖖ㆑ࡢࡼ࠺࡟ᛮࢃࡉ
ࢀ࡚࠸ࡓࡇ࡜ࡀࠊἲゎ㔘ୖࡣ㛫㐪ࡗ࡚࠸ࡿࡇ࡜ࡀ✚ࡳୖࡆࡽࢀ࡚ࡁ࡚࠾ࡾࠊேཱྀῶᑡࢆ㏄࠼ࡿ᪥ᮏࡢᮍ᮶࡬
ࡢᑐ⟇࡜ࡋ࡚ࠊ」ᩘࡢ௙஦ࢆᒎ㛤࡛ࡁࡿಶேࡢ⫱ᡂࡀࠊᅗ  ᝏ࠸๪ᴗࡢ඾ᆺࣔࢹࣝ

ࡦ࡜ࡘࡢ௻ᴗ࡟⁛⚾ዊබࡍࡿ㞠⏝⪅࡟㒔ྜࡢ࠸࠸௙⤌ࡳࡼࡾࡶᅜ࡜ࡋ࡚ࡢඃඛ㡰఩ࡀୖࡀࡗࡓ࡜࠸࠺ࡇ࡜࡛

ࡇࡢࡸࡾ᪉ࡢၥ㢟ࡣ㸰ࡘ࠶ࡿࠋࡦ࡜ࡘࡣࡍ࡭࡚ࡢሙ

࠶ࢁ࠺ࠋᡤ࡟ᮏேࡀ࠸࡞࠸࡜ᡂ❧ࡋ࡞࠸ປാ㞟⣙ⓗ࡞ࡸࡾ᪉࡛
࠶ࡿࡇ࡜ࠊࡶ࠺ࡦ࡜ࡘࡣࠊ┦஫ࡢࣅࢪࢿࢫ▱㆑࣭ࢫ࢟ᘓᐑ㸸ᇶ┙࢚ࢿࣝࢠ࣮⮬⏤໬ࡀ㐍ࡴ᪥ᮏ࡟࠾ࡅࡿ࢚ࢿࣝࢠ࣮㈍኎௦⌮ᗑࣅࢪࢿࢫࡢྍ⬟ᛶ࡟㛵ࡍࡿ୍⪃ᐹࣝࠊ⤒㦂࡟┦஫㛵㐃ᛶࡀ࡞ࡃࠊࢩࢼࢪ࣮ຠᯝࡀᮇᚅ࡛

࡙ࡅࢥࣥࢧࣝࢱࣥࢺࡢ㏆⸨㯞⌮ᜨẶ࡛࠶ࡿࠋ

ࡁ࡞࠸ࡓࡵࠊ࠸ࡘࡲ࡛ࡓࡗ࡚ࡶᴦ࡟࡞ࡽ࡞࠸ࡢ࡛࠸ࡘ ᮏேࡢᙉ࠸ࡇࡔࢃࡾ࡛࠶ࡿࠕ∦࡙ࡅࡢᢏ⾡ࠖࢆୡ⏺

࠿೺ᗣࢆᐖࡋ࡚⥅⥆࡛ࡁ࡞ࡃ࡞ࡿ࡜࠸࠺ࡇ࡜࡛࠶ࡿࠋ

ࣞ࣋ࣝࡲ࡛㧗ࡵࡓ⤖ᯝࠊୡ⏺࡟ࣇ࢓ࣥࢆࡘࡃࡾࠊ࢔࣓

ࡑࡇ࡛ࠊࡇࡢၥ㢟ⅬࢆゎỴࡍࡿ᪉ἲࢆㄪᰝࡋࡓ⤖ᯝࠊ

ࣜ࢝࡟ᣐⅬࢆ⛣ࡋ࡚ⴭ᭩ࠊࢫࢡ࣮ࣝ஦ᴗࠊ༠఍ࣅࢪࢿ

௨ୗࡢࡼ࠺࡞┦஌ຠᯝࢆ⏕ࡴࣔࢹࣝࡀⓎぢࡉࢀࠊࡇࡇ


ࢫࠊ㈨᱁ࣅࢪࢿࢫ࡜」ᩘࡢ཰ධᒎ㛤ࢆᡂ❧ࡉࡏ࡚࠸ࡿࠋ

㸰㸮ᖺࡣࡇࡢࡼ࠺࡞ࡦ࡜ࡘࡢᕷሙᛶࡢ࠶ࡿ⬟ຊࢆ୕᪉ ᐇࡣ᪥ᮏ࡛ࡣྂࡃ࠿ࡽ࠾Ⲕࡸ࠾ⰼࠊ୕࿡⥺࡞࡝ࡶྠྥᒎ㛤ࡋࢺࣜࣉࣝ࢖࣒ࣥ࢝ࢆᚓࡿࣔࢹࣝࢆୡ࡟ᗈࡵࡿ

ᵝࡢ௙⤌ࡳ࡛ࣅࢪࢿࢫࣔࢹࣝ໬ࡉࢀ࡚࠸ࡿࠋ

άືࢆࡋ࡚ࡁࡓࠋ

ࡇࡢࣔࢹࣝࡢⓎぢ࡜ᣑᩓᒎ㛤ࡣࠊ㞠⏝ࡉࢀࡿࣅࢪࢿ
ࢫࣃ࣮ࢯࣥࡢㄡࡶࡀ⪃࠼ࡿ࡭ࡁࠕே⏕ࡢᚋ༙࡟࠾ࡅࡿ
཰ධῶᑡࡢᑐ⟇ࠖ࡜ࡋ࡚ࠊࡦ࡜ࡘࡢ᭷ຠ࡞ᡭẁ࡜࡞ࡿ࡜⪃࠼ࡽࢀࡓࡀࠊᐇࡣ኱ࡁ࡞ၥ㢟ࡀ࠶ࡾࠊᛮ࠺ࡼ࠺࡟
ᒎ㛤ࡉࢀ࡞࠸ࡇ࡜ࡀࢃ࠿ࡗ࡚ࡁࡓࠋ
ࡑࢀࡣከࡃࡢ┦ㄯࢣ࣮ࢫ࡛ࢃ࠿ࡗࡓࡇ࡜࡛࠶ࡿࡀࠊ
➨୍ẁ㝵ࡢࠊᮏᴗ࡛௚ࡢ㏣㝶ࢆチࡉ࡞࠸ᕷሙᛶࡀ࠶ࡾ
➇தຊࡢ࠶ࡿேᮦ࡟࡞ࡾ⤖ᯝࢆฟࡍࠋ࡜࠸࠺࡜ࡇࢁ࡛
ࡍ࡛࡟㌑࠸࡚ࡋࡲ࠺ࡇ࡜ࡀከࡃࠊ➨஧ࠊ➨୕ẁ㝵࡬ᒎ㛤࡛ࡁ࡞࠸ࡢ࡛࠶ࡿࠋ
☜࠿࡟ࡑࡇ࡛ࡶࡗ࡜ㄡ࡛ࡶᡂຌྍ⬟ᛶࡢ࠶ࡿ୍⯡ⓗ࡞ே⏕ ᚋ༙཰ධᑐ⟇ࡀ࡞࠸ࡶࡢ࠿࡜ㄪᰝࡋࡓ࡜ࡇࢁࠊ᪥ᮏ࡟ᅗ  ࡦ࡜ࡘࡢ✺ฟࡋࡓᕷሙᛶ࠶ࡿᑓ㛛ᛶ࠿ࡽࢺࣜࣉࣝ࢖࣒ࣥ࢝ࢆᵓ⠏ࡍࡿࣔࢹࣝ
࠾ࡅࡿ࢚ࢿࣝࢠ࣮⮬⏤໬ࡀࠊࡦ࡜ࡘࡢษࡾཱྀ࡛࠶ࡿࡇ
࡜ࡀࢃ࠿ࡗࡓࠋ
࢚ࢿࣝࢠ࣮ࡢ⮬⏤໬࡜ࡣࠊྛᅜᨻᗓࡀࠊ⮬ᅜࡢࣅࢪලయⓗ࡟ࡣࠊ➨୍ẁ㝵࡜ࡋ࡚ࠊᮏᴗ࡛ᕷሙᛶࡀ࠶ࡾࠊ

ࢿࢫࢥࢫࢺࢆୗࡆ࡚እ㈨㈨ᮏࡢὶධࢆಁ㐍ࡍࡿࡓࡵ࡟

➇த᭷฼࡞ᐇົⓗ࡟㧗࠸ࣞ࣋ࣝࡢ⤖ᯝࢆࢥࣥࢫࢱࣥࢺ

⾜࠺つไ⦆࿴ࡢࡇ࡜࡛ࠊ᪥ᮏ࡛ࡶ㟁Ẽࡸ㟁ヰ㸦ᦠᖏ㟁࡟ฟࡏࡿᑓ㛛ᛶࢆࡦ࡜ࡘ⠏ࡁࠊࡑࡢࣈࣛࣥࢻឤࢆᣢࡗ

ヰ࣭ࢫ࣐࣮ࢺࣇ࢛ࣥ㸧ࢆ⓶ษࡾ࡟ࠊ࢞ࢫࠊᑗ᮶ⓗ࡟Ỉ࡚ࠊᩍ⫱ࣅࢪࢿࢫࢆᒎ㛤ࡋ࡚ࡶ࠺ࡦ࡜ࡘࡢ཰ධࢆసࡾ

㐨࡞࡝ࡢࣅࢪࢿࢫࡀබⓗ࡞ᴗ⪅⊂༨ࡢ≧ែ࠿ࡽẸ㛫ࡢฟࡋࠊࡇࡢ㸰ࡘࡢ⥲ྜⓗ࡞⤖ᯝࢆࡲ࡜ࡵ࡚᭩⡠࠶ࡿ࠸ᴗ⪅ࡀཧධࡋ࡚➇தཎ⌮ࡀാࡃ᪉ྥ࡟ィ⏬໬ࡉࢀࠊᐇ

ࡣື⏬ࡢࢥࣥࢸࣥࢶ㈍኎࡜࠸࠺୙ປᡤᚓᆺᶒ฼ࣅࢪࢿ

㝿࡟ィ⏬ࡀ㐍ࢇ࡛࠸ࡿࠋ

ࢫࡢ࣐࣮ࢣࢸ࢕ࣥࢢάືࢆᒎ㛤ࡋ࡚㸱ࡘࡢ཰ධ࡟ᒎ㛤ࡍࡿ࡜࠸࠺᪉ἲ࡛࠶ࡿࠋ

ᐇࡣ⤒ႠᏛࢆ◊✲ࡍࡿ◊✲⪅ࡢ୰࡛ࡣᖖ㆑ⓗ࡟ࠊࡶࡗ࡜ࡶᏳᐃࡋ࡚࠸࡚ᬒẼኚືࡢᙳ㡪ࢆཷࡅ࡞࠸ࣅࢪࢿ

ࡇࡢᑓ㛛ᛶ࡟ࡘ࠸࡚ࡣࠊ≉࡟㧗࠸ᏛṔࡸ㧗ᗘ࡞▱㆑ࢫࡣ࢚ࢿࣝࢠ࣮࢖ࣥࣇࣛࣅࢪࢿࢫ࡛࠶ࡿࡇ࡜ࡀࢃ࠿ࡗࢆせồࡍࡿࡶࡢ࡛ࡣ࡞ࡃࠊᕷሙᛶࠊࡘࡲࡾࡑࡢ▱㆑ࡸ࡚࠸ࡿࠋ࢚ࢿࣝࢠ࣮࢖ࣥࣇࣛࣅࢪࢿࢫ࡜࠸࠺ࡢࡣࠊࡘ

ᢏ⾡ࢆ᭷ᩱ࡛ᑐ౯ࢆᡶࡗ࡚ධᡭࡋࡓ࠸ேࡓࡕࡀ࠸ࢀࡤ

ࡲࡾỈ㐨ࠊ࢞ࢫࠊ㟁Ẽࠊ㟁ヰ࡞࡝ࠊᬒẼࡀᝏࡃ࡚ࡶࠊ

ࡼ࠸ࠋࡑࡢ౛ࡢࡦ࡜ࡘࡀࠕ∦࡙ࡅࠖ࡜࠸࠺᪥ᖖⓗ࡞ᢏ⾡ࢆୡ⏺ⓗ࡟㧗ᗘ࡞ࣞ࣋ࣝ࡟☜❧ࡋࠊ ᖺ࡟ 7,0( ㄅ࡟࠾࠸࡚ࠊୡ⏺࡛᭱ࡶᙳ㡪ࡢ࠶ࡿ  ே࡟㑅ࡤࢀࡓ∦

7 2015 ᖺࡢୡ⏺࡛᭱ࡶᙳ㡪ຊࡢ࠶ࡿ 100 ே
http://time.com/3822899/marie-kondo-2015-time-100/
2018.3.25 ࢔ࢡࢭࢫ8 ㏆⸨㯞⌮ᜨබᘧ HP
http://konmari.com/ 2018.3.25 ࢔ࢡࢭࢫ9 ᪥ᮏ࡜ࡁࡵࡁ∦࡙ࡅ༠఍
http://tokimeki-kataduke.com/ 2018.3.25 ࢔ࢡࢭࢫ

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➨୍ᕤᴗ኱Ꮫ◊✲ሗ࿌ࠉ➨ྕࠉ ⅏ᐖࡀ㉳ࡇࡗ࡚ࡶࠊ౑࠺ࡇ࡜ࢆࡸࡵࡿࡇ࡜ࡀ࡛ࡁ࡞࠸

஧ࡘ┠ࠊ୕ࡘ┠ࡢ཰ධ࡜࡞ࡿࡢ࡛ࡣ࡞࠸࠿࡜⪃࠼ࠊ᪂⏕άᇶ┙㸦࢖ࣥࣇࣛࢫࢺࣛࢡࢳ࣮ࣕ㸧ࢆᨭ࠼ࡿࣅࢪࢿ

ࡋ࠸㟁Ẽࣅࢪࢿࢫࢳࣕࣥࢫ࡟ཧධࡋࡓ᪂㟁ຊ࡜ゝࢃࢀࢫࡢࡇ࡜࡛࠶ࡿࠋ

ࡿ ♫࡟ࡘ࠸᳨࡚ウࡋ࡚ࡳࡓࠋ

ㄪᰝࡋ࡚ࢃ࠿ࡗࡓࡢࡣࠊ㟁Ẽ஦ᴗ࡟ࡣࠊⓎ㟁ࢆ⾜࠸ࠊ
㏦㟁ࠊ኎㟁ࡲ࡛ࢆ⾜ࡗ࡚࠸ࡿ஦ᴗ⪅࡜ࠊ኎㟁ࡢ㒊ศࡔࡅࢆ⾜ࡗ࡚࠸ࡿ஦ᴗ⪅ࠊࡲࡓࡣࡑࡢ࣑ࢵࢡࢫ࡞࡝ࡉࡲ
ࡊࡲ࡞ᙧែࡀ࠶ࡿ࡜࠸࠺ࡇ࡜࡛࠶ࡿࠋ≉࡟㢼ຊࡸኴ㝧
ග࡞࡝ࡢⓎ㟁ᴗ⪅ࡶቑ࠼ࡓࡓࡵࠊ㠀ᖖ࡟ࣂ࢚ࣛࢸ࢕࡟
ᐩࢇࡔᴗ⪅ࡀཧධࡋ࡚࠸ࡿ
ࡑࡋ࡚ࠊ኎㟁ࡔࡅࢆࡸࡗ࡚࠸ࡿ஦ᴗ⪅࡜ࠊⓎ㟁࠿ࡽࡸࡗ࡚࠸ࡿ஦ᴗ⪅࡛ࡣࣅࢪࢿࢫࣔࢹࣝࡀࡲࡗࡓࡃ㐪࠺ࡇ࡜ࡶࢃ࠿ࡗࡓࠋ
Ⓨ㟁࠿ࡽᡭ᥃ࡅ࡚࠸ࡿ኱ᡭ஦ᴗ⪅ࡣࠊ ♫࠶ࡾࠊᅗ  ୡ⏺࡛ࡶࡗ࡜ࡶᏳᐃࡋ࡚࠸ࡿࣅࢪࢿࢫ࡜ࡣ

࠸ࢃࡺࡿᮾி㟁ຊࡸ୰㒊㟁ຊࡢࡼ࠺࡞ᡓ๓ࡢ୍♫యไ࡜ࡋ࡚ࠊ㏆ᖺ࡛ࡣ㢼ຊࠊኴ㝧ග࡞࡝᪂ࡋ࠸Ⓨ㟁ࢩࢫࢸ ᙜ↛ᨻ἞ⓗࣃ࣮࣡ࡸ㈨ᮏຊࡢ࠶ࡿ኱௻ᴗࡸ㈈㛸ࡣࠊ࣒ࢆ౑ࡗࡓ஦ᴗ⪅ࡢཧධࡶ࠶ࡿࠋ࠿ࡽ  ᖺ࡟ *+4 ࡟ࡼࡗ࡚ศ๭ࡉࢀࡓ኱ᡭ㸷♫ࢆ➹㢌ࡇࡢࣅࢪࢿࢫ࡟ཧධࡋࠊᐁẸ୍య࡜࡞ࡗࡓ」ྜ⏘ᴗయࢆᙧᡂࡋ࡚ࡑࡢ฼ᶒࢆᏲࡗ࡚ࡁࡓࠋ

ࡋ࠿ࡋࠊࡇࡢ኱ᡭ஦ᴗ⪅ࡀ⾜ࡗ࡚࠸ࡿⓎ㟁஦ᴗ࡟ࡣࠊ
⡆༢࡟௚ࡢ஦ᴗ⪅ࡀཧධࡍࡿࡇ࡜ࡣ㞴ࡋ࠸ࠋࡋ࠿ࡋ㸰㸳ᖺ௨ୖ๓࠿ࡽḢ⡿ࢆ୰ᚰ࡟㐍ࢇ࡛ࡁࡓ࢚

࡞ࡐ࡞ࡽࠕྠ᫬ྠ㔞ࡢཎ๎ࠖࡀ࠶ࡿ࠿ࡽ࡛࠶ࡿࠋ

ࢿࣝࢠ࣮࢖ࣥࣇࣛࣅࢪࢿࢫゎᨺ࡟ࡼࡿᅜࡢࣅࢪࢿࢫࢥ
ࢫࢺࢲ࢘ࣥࡢ➇தࡢ୰࡛ࠊࡓࡔ࡛ࡉ࠼㧗࠸ἲே⛯⋡࡟ຍ࠼࡚㧗࠸࢖ࣥࣇࣛࢥࢫࢺ࡛ࡣࣅࢪࢿࢫࡀᅜእ࡟㏨ࡆ
࡚ࡋࡲ࠺ࡓࡵࠊࡇࡢ฼ᶒࡢ୍㒊ࢆ㛤ᨺࡋࠊࡲࡎ㟁Ẽ࠿ࡽẸ㛫ᴗ⪅࡛ࡶཧධ࡛ࡁࡿ㐨ࢆ㛤࠸ࡓࠋࡇࡢࡼ࠺࡞࢖ࣥࣇࣛࣅࢪࢿࢫࡢ⣲ᬕࡽࡋ࠸࡜ࡇࢁࡣࠊ
୍ᗘࢩࢫࢸ࣒ࢆࡘࡃࡗ࡚㢳ᐈ࡟࡞ࡗ࡚ࡶࡽ࠺࡜ࠊࡼ࡯
࡝ࡢࡇ࡜ࡀ࡞࠸࠿ࡂࡾ⥅⥆ⓗ࡟཰ධࡀᚓࡽࢀࡿ࡜࠸࠺
ࡇ࡜࡛࠶ࡿࠋࡑࡢ⌮⏤ࡣ㢳ᐈࡀษࡾ᭰࠼ࡿࡇ࡜ࢆᛀࢀ
࡚ࡋࡲ࠺࡜࠸࠺ࡇ࡜࡜ࠊ⏕άࡢᇶ┙࡜࡞ࡿ㒊ศ㢖⦾࡟ษࡾ᭰࠼ࡿࡇ࡜ࢆ㈇ᢸ࡟ឤࡌࡿഴྥࡀ࠶ࡿ࠿ࡽ࡛࠶ࡿࠋ
ࡇࡢ㸰ࡘࡢ⌮⏤࡟ࡼࡾࠊ୙ປᡤᚓࡢ௦⾲࡛࠶ࡿ୙ື⏘ ᅗ  Ⓨ㟁஦ᴗ⪅࡟ㄢࡏࡽࢀࡓࠕྠ᫬ྠ㔞ࡢཎ๎ࠖ

ࣅࢪࢿࢫ㸦࠸ࢃࡺࡿ኱ᐙࡉࢇ㸧ࡢࡼ࠺࡟ࠊẖ᭶㈍኎ά

ືࢆࡋ࡞ࡃ࡚ࡶࠊ㟁Ẽ௦ࠊࢫ࣐࣍௦ࠊ࢞ࢫ௦ࠊỈ㐨௦ ࠕྠ᫬ྠ㔞ࡢཎ๎ࠖ࡜ࡣࠊ㟁Ẽࡢ㟂せ࡟ྜࢃࡏ࡚

ࡢࡼ࠺࡞࠿ࡓࡕ࡛⥅⥆ⓗ࡟཰ධࢆᚓ⥆ࡅࡿࡇ࡜ࡀ࡛ࡁ

㟁Ẽࢆ౪⤥ࡋ⥆ࡅ࡞ࡅࢀࡤ࡞ࡽ࡞࠸ࠋࡑࢀࡀ࡛ࡁ࡞

ࡿࠋ࠸ሙྜࡣࠊከ㢠ࡢ࣌ࢼࣝࢸ࢕ࢆㄢࡍࠋ࡜࠸࠺ࡶࡢ࡛

ࡑࡇ࡛➹⪅ࡢ⯆࿡ࡣ࠶ࡃࡲ࡛ࡶࠕಶேࡢᡂຌ࣭ᖾ⚟࠶ࡿࠋ࡟⤒ႠᏛࢆά࠿ࡍࡇ࡜࡛ࠖ࠶ࡿࠋ
ࡇࡢࡼ࠺࡞࢖ࣥࣇࣛࣅࢪࢿࢫ࡟ಶேࡀཧධ࡛ࡁࡿ࡜
ࡍࢀࡤࠊே⏕ࡢᚋ༙࡟࠾ࡅࡿ཰ධῶᑡഴྥࢆ⿵࠸࠺ࡿ

10᪂㟁ຊࢿࢵࢺ
https://pps-net.org/ppscompany
 2018.3.29 ࢔ࢡࢭࢫᘓᐑ㸸ᇶ┙࢚ࢿࣝࢠ࣮⮬⏤໬ࡀ㐍ࡴ᪥ᮏ࡟࠾ࡅࡿ࢚ࢿࣝࢠ࣮㈍኎௦⌮ᗑࣅࢪࢿࢫࡢྍ⬟ᛶ࡟㛵ࡍࡿ୍⪃ᐹࡇࢀࡣ࡯࡜ࢇ࡝ࡍ࡭࡚ࡢⓎ㟁஦ᴗ⪅ࡣࠊ㏦㟁⥺ࢆ㏻

ࡋ࡚ಶேࡢ⤂௓࡛㢳ᐈࢆቑࡸࡍ௙⤌ࡳࢆᑟධࡋࡓࡇ࡜

ࡌ࡚ࡘ࡞ࡀࡗ࡚࠸ࡿࡓࡵࠊࡳࢇ࡞࡛ᡭࢆࡘ࡞࠸࡛࠸ࡿ

࡟ࡼࡾࠊ౑⏝ࡋ࡞࠿ࡗࡓᕧ㢠ࡢᗈ࿌ᐉఏ㈝ࢆ㈍኎ᡭᩘ

୰ࢆ㟁Ẽࡀ࡜࠾ࡗ࡚࠸ࡿࡼ࠺࡞ࢩࢫࢸ࣒࡟࡞ࡗ࡚࠾ࡾࠊ

ᩱ࡜ࡋ࡚ศ㓄࡛ࡁࡿ࡜࠸࠺௙⤌ࡳ࡛࠶ࡿࠋ

࡝ࡇ࠿ࡢ஦ᴗ⪅ࡀ౪⤥୙㊊࡟࡞ࡿ࡜ࠊ඲యࡢࢩࢫࢸ࣒
ࡀࢲ࢘ࣥࡋ࡚ࡋࡲ࠺࡜࠸࠺ࡇ࡜ࢆ㜵ࡄࡓࡵࡢࡶࡢ࡛࠶
ࡿࠋᐇ㝿࡟ࡣࠊࡇࡢࡼ࠺࡞㟂せ࡜౪⤥ࡢ࢔ࣥࣂࣛࣥࢫ࡟
ࡼࡿࢩࢫࢸ࣒ࢲ࢘ࣥࢆ㜵ࡄࡓࡵ࡟ࠊ௚ࡢᴗ⪅࠿ࡽ㟁Ẽࢆ౪⤥ࡋ࡚ࡶࡽ࠺ࡇ࡜࡛ࣂࣛࣥࢫࢆಖࡗ࡚࠸ࡿࡀࠊࣂ
ࣛࣥࢫࢆᔂࡋࡓᴗ⪅࡟ࡣ㠀ᖖ࡟㧗㢠ࡢ࣌ࢼࣝࢸ࢕ࡀㄢ
ࡏࡽࢀࡿࡓࡵࠊࡎࡗ࡜ᑓ㛛ᢸᙜ⪅ࡀᙇࡾࡘ࠸࡚ࠊᰴᘧ
ࡢࢺ࣮ࣞࢹ࢕ࣥࢢ࣮࣒ࣝࡢࡼ࠺࡟ᕷἣࢆㄞࡳ࡞ࡀࡽⓎ㟁㔞ࢆㄪᩚࡋ࡚࠸ࡿࡢ࡛ࠊᚋⓎᴗ⪅ࡀཧධࡍࡿࡇ࡜ࡣ
㠀ᖖ࡟㞴ࡋ࠸ࡑ࠺࡛࠶ࡿࠋ

ᅗ  ཱྀࢥ࣑ࣅࢪࢿࢫ࡛ࠊ㈍኎௦⌮ᗑࡀ཰┈ࢆཷࡅ≉࡟ኳೃ࡟ᕥྑࡉࢀࡿኴ㝧ගࡸ㢼ຊࡣࠊ୍ᐃ㔞ࢆಖྲྀࢀࡿ఍ィⓗ࡞௙⤌ࡳࡘࡇ࡜ࡀ㞴ࡋ࠸ࡓࡵࠊⅆຊࡸỈຊ࡞࡝Ᏻᐃ㟁ຊ࡜⤌ࡳྜࢃࡏ࡚㐠⏝ࡍࡿࡇ࡜ࡀᚲせ࡜ࡢࡇ࡜࡛࠶ࡗࡓࠋ

ࡑࢀ࡛ࡣࡑࡢࡼ࠺࡞㟁ຊࣅࢪࢿࢫ࡟ಶேࡀཧຍ࡛ࡁ

౛࠼ࡤ኱ᡭࡢ㟁Ẽᑠ኎ᴗ⪅࡛࠶ࡿࠕ$8 㟁Ẽࠖࡸࠕࡀࡿྍ⬟ᛶࡣ࡞࠸ࡢ࠿࡜ゝ࠼ࡤࠊᐇࡣྍ⬟ᛶࡀ࠶ࡿࡼ࠺

ࡍࡥࡗࡕࡻࠖ࡞࡝ࡀࠊ㟁Ẽࡢษࡾ᭰࠼ࢆ๎ࡍⅭ࡟஺㏻

࡛࠶ࡿࠋᗈ࿌ࡸࢸࣞࣅᗈ࿌࡛ᢞୗࡋ࡚࠸ࡿᗈ࿌ᐉఏ㈝ࡣࠊ㍍ࡃ

ලయⓗ࡟ࡣ኱ཱྀࡢ㟁ຊ㟂せᐙ㸦Ꮫᰯࠊ࣍ࢸࣝࠊࣜࢰ

ᖺ㛫ᩘ༑൨෇ࢆ㉸࠼࡚࠸ࡿࠋࡇࡢࢥࢫࢺࢆ࠿ࡅࡎ࡟ཱྀ࣮ࢺ᪋タ㸧࡞࡝࡬ࡢႠᴗάືࡢ୍⩼ࢆᢸ࠺⤂௓❆ཱྀ࡜ࢥ࣑࡛ษࡾ᭰࠼㢳ᐈࢆࡩࡸࡍࡇ࡜࡟ࡼࡾࠊࡑࡢࢥࢫࢺ

࡞ࡿࡇ࡜࡟ࡼࡾࠊࡇࡢࡼ࠺࡞ᕧ኱ࣅࢪࢿࢫ࡟ಶேࡀཧ

ࡀಶேࡢ཰ධ࡜ࡋ࡚ศ㓄ࡉࢀࡿ࡜࠸࠺௙⤌ࡳ࡛࠶ࡿࠋ

ධ࡛ࡁࡿྍ⬟ᛶࡶฟ࡚ࡁ࡚࠸ࡿࡀࠊࡇࡢ௳࡟ࡘ࠸࡚ࡣ

ࡇࡢࡼ࠺࡟ࠊ࠸ࡲࡲ࡛ࡣ฼ᶒ࡜ࡋ࡚ᅜࡸ㈈㛸⣔௻ᴗ⌧ᅾ࢖ࣥࢱࣅ࣮ࣗࢆ㐍ࡵ࡚࠸ࡿ࡜ࡇࢁ࡞ࡢ࡛ࠊࡲࡓࡢ

ࡀᙜࡓࡾ๓ࡢࡼ࠺࡟྾࠸ୖࡆ࡚ࡁࡓᕧ኱࡞཰ධࡀಶே

ᶵ఍࡟ࡉࡽ࡟◊✲ᡂᯝࢆ♧ࡋࡓ࠸࡜⪃࠼ࡿࠋⓎ㟁ࡸ㏦㟁ࢆࡋ࡞࠸ࠊᑠ኎㒊ศࡔࡅࢆ⾜࠺஦ᴗ⪅ࡢཧධᩘࡀ୍␒ከࡃࠊపᅽ㸦ၟᗑ࣭஦ົᡤ࣭ᕤሙ➼㸧ࡢ㟁Ẽࢆᢅ࠺ᑠ኎ᴗ⪅ࡀ  ♫ࠊᐙᗞࡴࡅࡢపᅽࢆᢅ࠺
ᴗ⪅ࡀ  ♫࠶ࡿࠋపᅽ㸦ၟᗑ࣭஦ົᡤ࣭ᕤሙ➼㸧஦ᴗ⪅࡟ࡘ࠸࡚ࡣࠊ
௒ᅇࡢㄪᰝ࡛ࡣࡲࡔ῝ࡃㄪᰝ࡛ࡁ࡚࠸࡞࠸ࡀࠊᐙᗞྥ
ࡅࡢపᅽࢆᢅ࠺஦ᴗ⪅ࡢ୰࡟ࡣࠊಶேࡀཧධࡋ࡚ࠊ㟁Ẽᐙ㈤ࡢࡼ࠺࡟ࠊ㢳ᐈࡀẖ᭶ᨭᡶ࠺㟁Ẽ࠿ࡽ཰┈ࢆᚓࡿࡇ࡜ࡀ࡛ࡁࡿ௙⤌ࡳࢆ᥇⏝ࡋ࡚࠸ࡿ஦ᴗ⪅ࡀ࠶ࡿࡇ࡜ࡀࢃ࠿ࡗࡓࠋ
ಶே࡟཰┈ࡀⓎ⏕ࡍࡿ௙⤌ࡳࡣࠊ㢳ᐈ⋓ᚓࡢࡓࡵࡢ
ᕧ㢠ࡢᗈ࿌ᐉఏ㈝ࢆ౑ࢃࡎࠊࢿࢵࢺ࣮࣡ࢡࣅࢪࢿࢫ࡜ᅗ  ಶேࡀ࢚ࢿࣝࢠ࣮ࣅࢪࢿࢫࡢ࣐࣮ࢪࣥ࠿ࡽ
ศ㓄ࢆཷࡅྲྀࡿ௙⤌ࡳ11୸⣚᪂㟁ຊᢸᙜ⪅࡬ࡢ࢖ࣥࢱࣅ࣮ࣗࡼࡾࠋ

࡟ࡶศ㓄ࡉࢀࡿྍ⬟ᛶࡀฟ࡚ࡁࡓࡢࡣ㠀ᖖ࡟႐ࡤࡋ

➨୍ᕤᴗ኱Ꮫ◊✲ሗ࿌ࠉ➨ྕࠉ ࠸ࡇ࡜࡛࠶ࡿࠋࡑࡇ࡛ࠊࡇࡢࡼ࠺࡞ࣅࢪࢿࢫ࡛ୡ⏺᭱኱ ࡢ ఍ ♫ ࡛ ࠶ ࡿ &$&1 㸦 $PHULFDQ FRPPXQLFDWLRQQHWZRUN㸧࡟ࡘ࠸࡚⌧ᅾ◊✲ࢆ㐍ࡵ࡚࠸ࡿ࡜ࡇࢁ࡛࠶ࡿࠋᅗ  ᪥ᮏࡢ㟁ຊᑠ኎ᕷሙ࡜ &$&1 ࡢ㟁ຊ௦⌮ᗑ㒊ศ࡛࠶ࡿࢬ࣮࣒࢚ࢼࢪ࣮㸦໭⡿ࡢ㟁Ẽࡢ⣙㸱ศࡢ㸯ࢆ௦⌮㈍኎ࡍࡿ஦ᴗ⪅㸧ᅗ  ୡ⏺᭱኱ࡢపᅽ㟁Ẽᑠ኎௦⌮ᗑ $&1  ௒ᚋࡣࡉࡽ࡟ࡇࡢᐙᗞྥࡅపᅽ㟁Ẽࣅࢪࢿࢫࢆ୰ Ḣ⡿ࢆ୰ᚰ࡟࢚ࢿࣝࢠ࣮௦⌮ᗑࣅࢪࢿࢫࢆࢿࢵࢺ

ᚰ࡟௜ᖏⓗ࡞࢚ࢿࣝࢠ࣮௦⌮ᗑࣅࢪࢿࢫ࡟ࡘ࠸࡚ࡶ◊࣮࣡ࢡࣅࢪࢿࢫ᪉ᘧ࡛㐍ࡵࡿࡇ࡜࡛ᕧ኱௻ᴗ࡜࡞ࡗࡓ

✲ࢆ⥆ࡅࠊࡑࡢྍ⬟ᛶ࡟ࡘ࠸࡚ㄪᰝࡋ࡚࠸ࡃணᐃ࡛࠶

ࡇࡢ఍♫ࡣࠊ᪥ᮏ࡛ࡣ⣙஧ᖺ๓࠿ࡽ⤒῭⏘ᴗ┬ࡢⓏ㘓

ࡿࠋᴗ⪅࡜ࡋ࡚ᒎ㛤ࢆ㛤ጞࡋࠊ௒ᚋ࢔ࢪ࢔ㅖᅜ࡬ࡢᒎ㛤ࡶ㐍ࡵ࡚࠸ࡃணᐃ࡛࠶ࡿࠋཧ⪃ᩥ⊩࣭ఀ⸨✨௚ⴭࠊ
ࠗ㟁ຊ⮬⏤໬࡜㟁ຊྲྀᘬ࠘᪥ᮏホㄽ♫ ᖺ  ᭶࣭኱ᶫᜨ୍ⴭࠊ
ࠗ㟁ຊ࣭࢞ࢫᴗ⏺ࡢືྥ࡜࠿ࡽࡃࡾࡀ
ࡼ㹼ࡃࢃ࠿ࡿᮏ㸦➨ᅄ∧㸧࠘⚽࿴ࢩࢫࢸ࣒  ᖺ ᭶࣭ᮌ⯪㎮ᖹⴭ ࠗࡼࡃࢃ࠿ࡿ᭱᪂Ⓨ㟁࣭㏦㟁ࡢᇶᮏ࡜௙⤌ࡳ㸦➨୕∧㸧 ᖺ  ᭶࠘࣭㜿㒊ຊஓⴭࠊ
ࠗࢹࢪࢱࣝࢢࣜࢵࢻ࢚࠘ࢿࣝࢠ࣮ࣇ࢛࣮࣒ࣛ  ᭶ᅗ  Ḣ⡿ࢆ୰ᚰ࡟  ࢝ᅜᒎ㛤ࡋ࢔ࢪ࢔ᕷሙ࡬

࢚ࠗࢿࣝࢠ࣮ࢹࢪࢱࣝ໬ࡢᮍ᮶࢚࠘ࢿ ࣭Ụ⏣೺஧ⴭࠊ
ࣝࢠ࣮ࣇ࢛࣮࣒ࣛ  ᖺ  ᭶࣭ ➉ ෆ 㡰 Ꮚ ⦅ ⴭ ࠗ ࢚ ࢿ ࣝ ࢠ ࣮ ⏘ ᴗ ࡢ  ᖺ ௒ᚋࡇࡢࣅࢪࢿࢫࡀಶேࡢே⏕ࡢᚋ༙ࡢ཰ධ୙㊊

8WLOLW\ ࡬ࡢࢤ࣮࣒ࢳ࢙ࣥࢪ࠘᪥ᮏ⤒῭᪂⪺♫࡟ᑐࡋ࡚᭷ຠ࡞ᡭ❧࡚࡜࡞ࡿ࠿࡝࠺࠿ࠊ≉࡟✺ฟࡋࡓ ᖺ  ᭶ᢏ⾡ࡸ▱㆑࣭⤒㦂ࡀ࡞ࡃ࡚ࡶ᭷ຠ࡞⤖ᯝࡀᚓࡽࢀࡿࡢ

࠿࡟ࡘ࠸࡚ࡣ኱ኚ⯆࿡῝ࡃࠊ௒ᚋࡶᘬࡁ⥆ࡁㄪᰝ◊✲ࢆ⥅⥆ࡋ࡚࠸ࡁࡓ࠸࡜⪃࠼࡚࠸ࡿࠋ





 ➨୍ᕤᴗ኱Ꮫ◊✲ሗ࿌ 
㻌
➨30ྕ㸦2018㸧PP.  -  㻌እᅜே␃Ꮫ⏕ࡢᑵ⫋஦᝟ࡢ⌧≧࡜ㄢ㢟㹼ᑵ⫋ᨭ᥼άື࠿ࡽぢࡓᐇ㊶ⓗ◊✲㹼⾰ ᕝ  ຌ ୍➨୍ᕤᴗ኱Ꮫ᝟ሗ㟁Ꮚࢩࢫࢸ࣒ᕤᏛ⛉ ࠛ110-0005 ᮾி㒔ྎᮾ༊ୖ㔝7-7-4
E-mail: k.kinugawa@ueno.daiichi-koudai.ac.jp

The current states and issues of job selection
for international students
A practical study on viewed from employment support activities
Koichi KINUGAWA
Daiichi Institute of Technology, 100-0005 Ueno 7-7-4, Taito-ku, Tokyo
E-mail: k.kinugawa@ueno.daiichi-koudai.ac.jp

Abstract: Given the situation surrounding our campus, we regard issues
common to both companies and universities as "securing industrial humanresources and training global human resource". And practical overview of theactivities of employment support for international students as a model campus
and exploring the role of universities that can respond to the global society.
In addition, through the activities of employment support, we present current
status and problems of employment circumstances such as Japanese language
ability, communication skills, age, etc for international students tooptimize foreign students for Japanese society.
Keywords: employment support , international student , human resource࡟῝้࡛ࠊᖹᡂ28ᖺᗘᩥ㒊⛉Ꮫⓑ᭩ࡢࠕ18ṓே
1. ࡣࡌࡵ࡟
᪥ᮏᨻᗓほගᒁ(JNTO)ࡢㄪ࡭࡛2017ᖺࡢゼ᪥እᐈ⥲ᩘࡣ๓ᖺẚ19.3%ఙࡢ⣙2,869୓ேࢆグ㘓ࡋࡓࠋᾏእ࠿ࡽゼ᪥ࡍࡿእᅜேࡢᩘࡀቑ࠼ࠊ
ᅜෆ⏘ᴗࡣ┈ࠎᾏእ஦ᴗ࡟㛵ᚰࡀ㧗ࡲࡿࠋ᪥ᮏࡣᑡᏊ㧗㱋໬ࡀ῝้໬ࡋேཱྀᵓ㐀࡟࠾ࡅࡿ⏕⏘ᖺ㱋ேཱྀࡀᖺࠎῶᑡࡋ࡚࠸ࡿࠋ௻ᴗࡣࠊ
ேᮦ࡟㛵ࢃࡿㄢ㢟ࡀᒣ✚ࡋேᮦ୙㊊ࡢゎᾘࡸ஦
ᴗࡢከᵝ໬ࢆ≺ࡗ࡚⏕ࡁṧࡾࢆᅗࡿࠋ
୍᪉ࠊ኱Ꮫᴗ⏺ࡣࠊᑡᏊ໬ࡢᙳ㡪࡛௻ᴗ௨ୖ

ཱྀ࡜㧗➼ᩍ⫱ᶵ㛵࡬ࡢ㐍Ꮫ⋡➼ࡢ᥎⛣࡛ࠖࡣࠊ
ᅜෆࡢ18ṓேཱྀࡣ➨஧ḟ࣋ࣅ࣮ࣈ࣮࣒ᮇୡ௦
ࡀ18ṓ࡟࡞ࡗࡓ1992ᖺࡢ205୓ேࢆṔྐୖ᭱ᚋࡢࣆ࣮ࢡ࡜ࡋࡓ௨㝆ࠊῶᑡࡢഴྥ࡛࠶ࡿࠋ
2008ᖺ㡭࡟120୓ே๓ᚋࡀ⥆ࡁ2018ᖺ࠿ࡽ୍Ẽ࡟ῶᑡࡢṑṆࡵࡀ↓ࡃ࡞ࡿࠋ2031ᖺࡣ102୓ே࡟࡞ࡿ࡜ண᝿ࡋ࡚࠸ࡿ(ᅗ1)ࠋ
኱Ꮫᴗ⏺ࡣࠊᑡᏊ໬࡛㐍Ꮫ⪅ࡀῶᑡࡋᐃဨ๭
ࢀࠊ㈈ᨻᅽ㏕ࠊ⤒Ⴀ୙㏱᫂࡜࠸ࡗࡓ῝้࡞ㄢ㢟࡟┤㠃ࡍࡿ୰ࠊ௻ᴗ࠿ࡽࡢࢢ࣮ࣟࣂࣝ⬟ຊࢆ᭷
ࡍࡿேᮦ㍮ฟ࡬ࡢせᮃ࡟ᑐᓖࡍࡿࡇ࡜࡟࡞ࡿࠋ

➨୍ᕤᴗ኱Ꮫ◊✲ሗ࿌ࠉ➨ྕࠉ ே␃Ꮫ⏕ࢆཷࡅධࢀ(ᅗ3)ࠊ2018ᖺ༞ࡢ5ᮇ
┠ࡲ࡛⣙330ேࡢእᅜே␃Ꮫ⏕ࢆ᪥ᮏ♫఍࡟
㏦ࡾฟࡋ࡚࠸ࡿࠋ
ᮏ✏ࡣࠊᮏ࢟ࣕࣥࣃ
ࢫࢆྲྀࡾᕳࡃ᝟ໃ࡟㚷ࡳ࡚ࠊ௻ᴗ࡜኱Ꮫ࡟ඹ
㏻ࡋ࡚ෆᅾࡍࡿㄢ㢟ࢆࠕ⏘ᴗேᮦࡢ☜ಖ࡜ࢢ࣮ࣟࣂࣝேᮦࡢ⫱ᡂࠖ࡜ᤊ࠼ࠊᮏ࢟ࣕࣥࣃࢫ
ࢆࣔࢹࣝ࡟እᅜே␃Ꮫ
⏕࡬ࡢᑵ⫋άືᨭ᥼ࢆ
ᐇ㊶ⓗ࡟ᴫほࡋࠊࢢࣟᅗ1 18ṓேཱྀࡢ᥎⛣(ᖹᡂ28ᖺᩥ㒊⛉Ꮫⓑ᭩ࡼࡾ)࣮ࣂࣝ♫఍࡟ᛂ࠼ᚓࡿ
኱Ꮫࡢᙺ๭ࢆ᥈ࡿࠋࡲ

➨୍ᕤᴗ኱Ꮫᮾிୖ㔝࢟ࣕࣥࣃࢫ㸦௨㝆ࠊ͆ᮏࡓࠊᑵ⫋άືᨭ᥼ࢆ㏻ࡋ࡚እᅜே␃Ꮫ⏕ࡢ᪥ᮏ࢟ࣕࣥࣃࢫ͇࡜⛠ࡍࡿ㸧ࡣࠊ2010ᖺ࡟ᕤᏛ㒊᝟♫఍࡛ࡢ෇‶࡞㐺ྜ࡟ྥࡅእᅜே␃Ꮫ⏕ࢆྲྀࡾሗ㟁Ꮚࢩࢫࢸ࣒ᕤᏛ⛉ࡢ᝟ሗᕤᏛࣅࢪࢿࢫࢥ࣮

ᕳࡃᑵ⫋஦᝟ࡢ⌧≧࡜ㄢ㢟ࢆᥦ♧ࡍࡿࠋࢫ࡜ࡋ࡚ITࠊࣅࢪࢿࢫࠊࢢ࣮ࣟࣂࣝࢥ࣑ࣗࢽࢣ
࣮ࢩࣙࣥࡢ3ศ㔝ࢆᰕ࡟ୖ㔝ᆅᇦ࡟タ❧ࡉࢀࠊྛᏛᖺᐃဨ100ே࡛඲య⣙400ேࢆ᧦ࡍࡿࠋ
ᮏ࢟ࣕࣥࣃࢫࡣࠊᏛ⏕ࡢᑵ⫋άືᨭ᥼ࢆ2013ᖺᗘ࠿ࡽ⥅⥆ࡋࠊ௻ᴗ࡜㛵ಀࡀ῝࠸ၟᕤ఍㆟ᡤࡸすṊಙ⏝㔠ᗜࠊᮾி㒔୰ᑠ௻ᴗ᣺⯆බ♫ࠊ࣐࢖ࢼࣅ♫ࠊ኱Ꮫ᪂⪺♫࡞࡝࡜ඹാࡋ࡚ࠕ௻ᴗ࡜
኱Ꮫࡢ᥇⏝࣭ேᮦ࡟㛵ࡍࡿ᝟ሗ஺ὶࠖ࡟ཧຍࡋ
࡚࠸ࡿࠋ㏻⟬1000♫ࢆ㉸࠼ࡿ௻ᴗ㛤ᣅࡢ୰ࠊྛ

ᅗ2
2 ᮏ࢟ࣕࣥࣃࢫࡢᑵ⫋ᐇ⦼(⣼⣼ィ)♫ࡢே஦ᢸᙜ⪅࡜ࡢ┤᥋ᑐヰ࡛᝟ሗ஺᥮ࢆࡋࠊ
Ꮫ⏕୍ேࡦ࡜ࡾ࡟᭱㐺࡞㐍㊰ࢆᑟ࠸࡚࠸ࡿࠋ
2014ᖺ༞ࡢ1ᮇᏛ⏕࠿ࡽ2018ᖺ༞ࡢ5ᮇᏛ⏕ࡲ࡛ࡢᐇ⦼࡜ࡋ࡚ࠊᴗ⏺ࡣࠊ᝟ሗ࣭㏻ಙ30%ࠊ
ࢧ࣮ࣅࢫ16%ࠊ༺࣭ᑠ኎࣭ၟ♫15%ࠊᘓタ࣭୙ື⏘10%ࠊ㉳ᴗ7%ࠊࡶࡢ࡙ࡃࡾ4%ࠊ㐍Ꮫ࡜⥆ࡃࠋ⫋✀ࡣࠊࢩࢫࢸ࣒㛤Ⓨ30%ࠊႠᴗ࣭㈍኎24%ࠊ
୍⯡஦ົ13%ࠊ᪋ᕤ࣭ᢏ⾡11%ࠊ⤒Ⴀ7%ࠊ㈠᫆
3%ࠊタィ3%ࠊ⩻ヂ࣭㏻ヂ2%࡜⥆ࡃ(ᅗ2)ࠋ
ᮏ࢟ࣕࣥࣃࢫࡣࠊ㛤タࡢᙜึ࠿ࡽከࡃࡢእᅜ

ᅗ3
3 ᮏ࢟ࣕࣥࣃࢫࡢᏛ⏕ᵓᡂ(2017)

⾰ᕝ㸸እᅜே␃Ꮫ⏕ࡢᑵ⫋஦᝟ࡢ⌧≧࡜ㄢ㢟㹼ᑵ⫋ᨭ᥼άື࠿ࡽぢࡓᐇ㊶ⓗ◊✲㹼

2. ാࡃୡ௦࡜኱Ꮫ⏕ࡢῶᑡᩍ⫱ศ㔝࡛ࡢ2018ᖺၥ㢟ࡣࠊ᪥ᮏேࡢ18ṓேཱྀࡀ2018ᖺ௨㝆ࠊ118୓ே࠿ࡽࡢῶᑡ࡟ṑṆࡵ

2.1 ⏕⏘ᖺ㱋ேཱྀࡢῶᑡ

ࡀ↓ࡃ࡞ࡾ኱Ꮫ㐍Ꮫ⪅ࡀῶᑡࡍࡿ࡜ゝࢃࢀ࡚࠸ᅜ❧♫఍ಖ㞀ேཱྀၥ㢟◊✲ᡤࡢㄪᰝ࡛ࡣࠊ

ࡿࠋ௬࡟ࠊ2020ᖺࡲ࡛ࡢᑡᏊ໬ᑐ⟇ࡀຌࢆዌࡋࠊ

2015ᖺࡢ᪥ᮏࡢேཱྀࡣ1൨2,709୓ே࡛ࠊ2010ዪᛶ୍ே࠶ࡓࡾࡢ⏕ᾭฟ⏘ᩘࡀቑ࠼࡚ࡶࠊ⌧᫬

ᖺࡢ1൨2,806୓ேࢆࣆ࣮ࢡ࡟ᖺࠎῶᑡࡋࠊ2040

Ⅼࡢฟ⏘ྍ⬟࡞ዪᛶேཱྀࡣ᪤࡟☜ᐃࡋ࡚࠾ࡾẕᖺࡣ1൨1,092୓ேࠊ2060ᖺࡣ9,284୓ே࡟࡞ࡿ

ぶ࡟࡞ࡾᚓࡿዪᛶࡢ⤯ᑐᩘࡣቑ࠼࡞࠸ࠋ᪥ᮏே࡜ண ࡋ࡚࠸ࡿࠋ

ࡢ⏕⏘ᖺ㱋ேཱྀࡢῶᑡ࡜ྠᮇࡋ࡚኱Ꮫ㐍Ꮫ࡟ᙳ㡪ࡍࡿ18ṓேཱྀࡶῶᑡࡋ⥆ࡅࡿࠋ
3. ᑵ⫋࡟ᙳ㡪ࡍࡿ௻ᴗࡢᾏእ஦ᴗ໬ࡢ⌧≧3.1 ാࡃୡ௦ࢆᕠࡿே஦ᡓ␎ࡢືࡁ
ᅜෆࡢാࡃୡ௦ࡀ୙㊊ࡍࡿ஦ែࡣᩘᖺඛࡲ࡛
⥆ࡃ୍᪉࡛ࠊ඲ୡ⏺ࡢேཱྀࡣ70൨ேࢆ㉸࠼ቑຍഴྥ࡟࠶ࡿࠋ
ேᮦ୙㊊࡟ⱞࡋࡴ᪥ᮏ௻ᴗࡣࠊࡑࡢㄢ㢟ゎᾘ⟇࡟እᅜே࡟┠ࢆྥࡅࠊ⮬♫ࡢᾏእᡓ␎࡟እᅜ
ே㞠⏝ࡢ᪋⟇ࢆ⤌ࡳධࢀ࡚࠸ࡿࠋ᪥ᮏࡢேཱྀῶ

ᅗ4 ᖺᑡ࣭⏕⏘ᖺ㱋࣭⪁ᖺࡢேཱྀ᥎⛣㸦ᖹᡂ29ᖺ
ᖺཌ⏕ປാⓑ᭩㸧ᑡࡣࠊእᅜே࡛ࡣ⿵࠼࡞࠸ࡀࠊാࡃୡ௦࡜࠸࠺
ഃ㠃࡛እᅜேࢆ♫ဨ࡜ࡋ࡚㞠⏝ࡍࡿே஦ᡓ␎࡛

ཌ⏕ປാⓑ᭩࡛ࡣࠊேཱྀ᥎⛣ศᯒ࡟ປാ⪅ᖺ࠶ࡿࠋከࡃࡢ௻ᴗࡣࠊእᅜே␃Ꮫ⏕ࢆാࡃୡ௦

㱋ࡢほⅬ࠿ࡽᖺᑡࠊ⏕⏘ᖺ㱋ࠊ⪁ᖺࡢ3༊ศ࡛ࡢேᮦ࡜ࡋ࡚ᮇᚅࡋࠊ᪥ᮏே♫ဨ࡜ྠᵝࡢ㞠⏝ேཱྀ᥎⛣ண ࡀ࠾ࡇ࡞ࢃࢀ࡚࠸ࡿ(ᅗ4)ࠋࡑࡢ୰

᮲௳࡛௻ᴗάືࢆ㐙⾜ࡉࡏࡓ࠸⪃࠼ࡀ࠶ࡿࠋ᪥

࡟15ṓ࠿ࡽ64ṓࡲ࡛ࡢ⏕⏘ᖺ㱋ேཱྀࡀ࠶ࡿࠋ

ᮏ⊂≉ࡢാࡁ᪉ࡸఏ⤫ᢏ⾡ࠊඛ➃ᢏ⾡ࢆ㌟࡟ࡘ

⏕⏘ᖺ㱋ேཱྀࡣࠊ1995ᖺࡢ8,717୓ேࢆࣆ࣮

ࡅࡉࡏ࡚ᅜෆእ࡛ࡢά⏝ࢆ┠ᣦࡍࠋࢥ࣑ࣗࢽࢣ

ࢡ࡟ῶᑡഴྥࡀṆࡲࡽࡎࠊ2040ᖺࡣ⥲ேཱྀࡢ࣮ࢩࣙࣥ⬟ຊࡸ௙஦࡬ࡢពḧ࡞࡝ᵝࠎ࡞ᴗົ࡛

53.9%ࡢ5,979୓ேࠊ2060ᖺࡣ51.6%ࡢ4,791୓

⬟ຊࡢุ᩿ᇶ‽ࢆタࡅ࡚እᅜே␃Ꮫ⏕ࡢ᥇⏝άேࡲ࡛ῶᑡࡍࡿ࡜ண ࡋ࡚࠸ࡿࠋ20ᖺ㛫࡛⥲ேືࢆ㐍ࡵ࡚࠸ࡿࠋ

ཱྀࡢ16%ῶ࡟ᑐࡋ⏕⏘ᖺ㱋ேཱྀࡣ20%ῶ࡛࠶ࡿࠋ

᪥ᮏ௻ᴗࡀᾏእᡓ␎ࢆ㐍ࡵࡿ⫼ᬒࡢ୰࡟ࡣࠊ

ࡉࡽ࡟ࠊ⏕⏘ᖺ㱋ேཱྀ࡟ࡣᐙ஦ᚑ஦⪅ࡸᘬ㏥᪥ᮏே୺యࡢ㛢㙐ⓗ࡞ࣅࢪࢿࢫࢫࢱ࢖࡛ࣝࡣࢢ

⪅ࡀ15%⛬ྵࡲࢀࡿࡓࡵࠊᐇ㝿࡟ാࡃ⏕⏘ᖺ㱋࣮ࣟࣂࣝ➇த࡟຾࡚࡞࠸࡜࠸࠺༴ᶵឤࡀ࠶ࡿࠋ

ேཱྀࡣ᥎ィ್ࡼࡾࡉࡽ࡟ୗᅇࡾ2040ᖺࡣ5,082

እᅜேࡀ⫋ሙ࡟୍ேᅾ⡠ࡍࡿࡇ࡜࡛ࠊ᪥ᮏேࡔ

୓ேࠊ2060ᖺࡣ4,072୓ே࡜ணࡅࡢ⤌⧊ࡼࡾࡶάᛶ໬ࡍࡿ࡜࠸ࡗࡓ๪ḟຠᯝࡶ࡛ࡁࠊ᪥ᮏࡢ

ാࡃୡ௦ࡣᑗ᮶࡟ཬࢇ࡛ῶᑡࡋ⥆ࡅࡿࠋᮇᚅࡋ࡚࠸ࡿࠋ␗ᩥ໬ࡢ⪃࠼᪉ࡸពぢࢆྲྀࡾධࢀ࡞ࡀࡽ௙஦ࢆ㐍ࡵࡿࡇ࡜ࡣࠊ᪥ᮏேࠊእᅜே

2.2 ኱Ꮫ㐍Ꮫ⪅ேཱྀࡢῶᑡ
⏕⏘ᖺ㱋ேཱྀ࡟ࡣ18ṓேཱྀࡀྵࡲࢀࠊ኱Ꮫᴗ
⏺ࡢ2018ᖺၥ㢟ࡢᘬࡁ㔠࡟࡞ࡗ࡚࠸ࡿࠋ

཮᪉࡟࡜ࡗ࡚ࣉࣛࢫ࡟ᙳ㡪ࡍࡿࠋ





➨୍ᕤᴗ኱Ꮫ◊✲ሗ࿌ࠉ➨ྕࠉ 3.2 ௻ᴗࡢᾏእ㐍ฟືྥ

3.3 ௻ᴗࡢᾏእ㐍ฟ࡟࠾ࡅࡿㄢ㢟᪥ᮏ௻ᴗࡣ⏕ࡁṧࡾࢆ㉃ࡅ࡚ᅜቃࢆ㉺࠼ࡿࣅᚑ᮶ࠊ᪥ᮏ௻ᴗࡢᾏእ㐍ฟࡣࠊ⌧ᆅ࡟᪥ᮏே

ࢪࢿࢫ࡟ὀຊࡍࡿࠋ≉࡟ࠊASEANᆅᇦ࡟ྥࡅ

♫ဨࢆὴ㐵ࡍࡿ᪉ἲࡀ୍⯡ⓗ࡛࠶ࡿࡀࠊ᪩✄⏣࡚ࡑࡢືࡁࡀάⓎ࡛ࠊ᪥ᮏㄒࠊⱥㄒࠊ୰ᅜㄒࠊ

኱Ꮫⓑᮌᩍᤵࡀㄽࡎࡿࠕ᪥ᮏேᾏእὴ㐵⪅ࡢ⫱࣋ࢺࢼ࣒ㄒ࡞࡝ࢆヰࡍேᮦࡀࢫࢱ࣮ࢺ࢔ࢵࣉ࡜

ᡂ࡜ㄢ㢟ࠖࡢ୰࡟⯆࿡῝࠸ෆᐜࡀ࠶ࡾ⤂௓ࡍࡿࠋࡋ࡚ᮇᚅࡉࢀ࡚࠸ࡿࠋ᪥ᮏ௻ᴗࡀゝㄒࠊᩥ໬ࠊ

ASEANᆅᇦࡢ᪥⣔௻ᴗࢆᑐ㇟࡟ᐇ᪋ࡋࡓㄪ

ၟ⩦័ࡀ␗࡞ࡿᾏእ࡟㐍ฟࡍࡿࡇ࡜ࡣከࡃࡢࣜ

ᰝ࡛ࠊ᪥ᮏ࠿ࡽὴ㐵ࡉࢀࡓ᪥ᮏே⟶⌮⪅࡜⌧ᆅࢫࢡࢆྵࡴࡇ࡜࡟࡞ࡿࡀࠊ᪂ࡓ࡞♫㐠ࢆ㉃ࡅ࡚

ே⟶⌮⪅ࡢ⬟ຊẚ㍑࡛࠶ࡿࠋᑐே⬟ຊࠊᴗົ㐙ᾏእ㟂せࡢ⋓ᚓࢆ≺࠸ࠊᾏእ࡟ᣐⅬタ❧ࠊᥦᦠࠊ⾜⬟ຊࠊ᝟ሗⓎಙࠊ⤌⧊㈐௵ឤࠊ㛤ᨺᛶࠊ␗ᩥ

ྜᘚ࡞࡝ࡢ᪋⟇ࢆලయ໬ࡉࡏࡿࠋ᪥ᮏࡢ኱Ꮫ࡛

໬⌮ゎ࡛༊ศࡉࢀࡓ62㡯┠ࡢㄪᰝ࡛࠶ࡿࠋ

ITࠊࣅࢪࢿࢫࠊ᪥ᮏㄒࢆᏛࡧࠊ᪥ᮏᩥ໬ࡸၟ⩦⤖ᯝࡣࠊASEANᆅᇦ࡟ὴ㐵ࡉࢀࡓ᪥ᮏே⟶័ࢆ⌮ゎࡍࡿᮏ࢟ࣕࣥࣃࢫࡢእᅜே␃Ꮫ⏕ࡣࠊ⌮⪅ࡣࠊ62㡯┠୍࡛ࡘࡶඃࢀࡓ㡯┠ࡀ↓࠿ࡗࡓࠋ᪥ᮏ௻ᴗࡢᾏእ㐍ฟࡢཎືຊ࡜࠸࠼ࡿࠋ

≉࡟ࠊᴗົ㐙⾜ࡸ࣮ࣜࢲ࣮ࢩࢵࣉ࡟࠿࠿ࢃࡿ㡯

᪥ᮏ㈠᫆᣺⯆ᶵᵓ(JETRO)࡛ࡣࠊ2016ᖺ11┠ࡢホ౯ࡀపࡃࠊ㒊ୗ⫱ᡂ⬟ຊ࡟⮳ࡗ࡚ࡣ⌧ᆅ᭶࡟᪥ᮏ௻ᴗ9,897♫ࢆᑐ㇟࡟ࠕ2016ᖺᗘ᪥ᮏே⟶⌮⪅ࡼࡾࡶඃ఩ᛶࡀぢࡽࢀ࡞࠸ࠋ♫ෆእே௻ᴗࡢᾏእ஦ᴗᒎ㛤࡟㛵ࡍࡿ࢔ࣥࢣ࣮ࢺㄪᰝࠖ

⬦ࠊᑐእ஺΅ຊࡢ㡯┠ࡶ኱ࡁࡃຎࡿࠋࡶࡣࡸ᪥

ࢆᐇ᪋ࡋࠊ2,995♫࠿ࡽᅇ⟅ࢆᚓ࡚࠸ࡿࠋ௒ᚋࡢ

ᮏே⟶⌮⪅࡛ࡣ⌧ᆅ࡛஦ᴗ㐠Ⴀࡢṇᖖᛶࢆᢸಖ

ᾏእᒎ㛤ࡢ᪉㔪࡟㛵ࡍࡿタၥ࡛ࠕᣑ኱ࢆᅗࡿࠖ
ࠊࡍࡿࡇ࡜ࡀ࡛ࡁ࡞࠸࡜♧၀ࡍࡿࠋ᪥ᮏᅜෆ࡛

ࠕᾏእ࡟㐍ฟࡋࡓ࠸ࠖ࡜ᅇ⟅ࡋࡓ௻ᴗࡣ60.1%

ASEANᆅᇦࡢእᅜேࢆ㞠⏝ࡋࠊ᪥ᮏࡢၟ⩦័࡟ཬࡧࠕᾏእᣐⅬࢆ⥔ᣢࡍࡿࠖࢆຍ࠼ࡿ࡜75.1%

ࡸᢏ⾡ࡢ⤒㦂ࢆ✚ࡲࡏ࡚⌧ᆅ࡟㹓ࢱ࣮ࣥࡉࡏࡿ

ࡢ௻ᴗࡀᾏእᣐⅬࡢᣑ኱ࡸ᪂ᆅᇦ࡬ࡢ㐍ฟࢆᇶ࡞࡝ࡢᑐ⟇ࡀồࡵࡽࢀࡿ࡜ࡋ࡚࠸ࡿࠋ

࡟ᾏእᡓ␎ࡢຍ㏿ࢆ⪃࠼࡚࠸ࡿ(ᅗ5)ࠋ
⌧ᅾࠊᾏእ
࡟ᣐⅬࡀ࠶
ࡿࡀࠊ⦰
ᑠࠊ᧔㏥ࡀ
ᚲせ࡜⪃࠼
࡚࠸ࡿ


⌧ᅾࠊᾏእ
࡟ᣐⅬࡣ࡞
ࡃࠊ௒ᚋ࡜
ࡶᾏእ࡛ࡢ
஦ᴗᒎ㛤ࡣ
⾜ࢃ࡞࠸


⌧ᅾࠊᾏ
እ࡟ᣐⅬ
ࡣ࡞࠸
ࡀࠊ௒ᚋ
᪂ࡓ࡟㐍
ฟࡋࡓ࠸


↓ᅇ⟅

ࡑࡢ௚

n=2,99
5

⌧ᅾࠊᾏ
እ࡟ᣐⅬ
ࡀ࠶ࡾࠊ
௒ᚋࡉࡽ
࡟ᣑ኱ࢆ
ᅗࡿ


⌧ᅾࠊᾏ
እ࡟ᣐⅬ
ࡀ࠶ࡾࠊ
⌧≧ࢆ⥔
ᣢࡍࡿ


3.4 IT௻ᴗࡢࢢ࣮ࣟࣂࣝேᮦࡢά⏝౛ᮏ࢟ࣕࣥࣃࢫࡣࠊITࠊࢯࣇࢺ࢙࢘࢔㛤Ⓨ࡞࡝
ࡢ᝟ሗ࣭㏻ಙᴗ⏺࠿ࡽከࡃࡢồே᝟ሗࡀᒆࡁᏛ
⏕ࠊ௻ᴗ཮᪉ࡢ᮲௳ࡀ㐺ྜࡋ5ᮇ┠ࡲ࡛࡛30%
ࡀ᝟ሗ࣭㏻ಙᴗ⏺࡟᥇⏝ࡉࢀ࡚࠸ࡿࠋ
(1)ᅜෆࢯࣇࢺ࢙࢘࢔ཷク㛤Ⓨ௻ᴗ-A♫࣑࣐࣮ࣕࣥฟ㌟ࡢእᅜே␃Ꮫ⏕ࡀA♫࡟᥇⏝ࡉࢀࡓࠋࢥࣥࣆ࣮ࣗࢱࢩࢫࢸ࣒ࡢࢯࣇࢺ࢙࢘࢔
㛤Ⓨ࡟ᑐࡍࡿࣔࢳ࣮࣋ࢩࣙࣥࡢ㧗ࡉ࡜᪥ᮏㄒࠊ

ᅗ5
5 ᾏእ஦ᴗᒎ㛤ࡢ᪉᪉㔪(22016JETRO)ⱥㄒࠊ࣑࣐࣮ࣕࣥㄒࡢ⬟ຊࡀホ౯ࡉࢀࡓࠋ

ࡲࡓࠊྠሗ࿌࡛ࡣࠊᾏእ㐍ฟ࡟✚ᴟⓗ࡞ᴗ⏺

A♫ࡣࠊ࣑࣐࣮ࣕࣥ࡟⌧ᆅἲேࡀ࠶ࡾࠊ᪥ᮏ

࡜ࡋ࡚㏻ಙ࣭᝟ሗ࣭ࢯࣇࢺ࢙࢘࢔ࠊ᝟ሗ㏻ಙᶵᮏ♫࡜ࡢᯫࡅᶫ࡟࡞ࡿேᮦࢆồࡵ࡚࠸ࡓࠋධ♫Ე࣭㟁Ꮚࢹࣂ࢖ࢫࠊ㟁ẼᶵᲔࠊ⮬ື㌴࣭㍺㏦ᶵᚋࡣࠊ᪥ᮏே࡜༊ูࡍࡿࡇ࡜࡞ࡃ◊ಟࡸᴗົෆჾࠊᘓタࠊ㐠㍺ࡀᣲࡆࡽࢀࠊࡇࢀࡽࡢᴗ⏺ࡣࠊᐜࢆྠࡌ࡟ࡋࠊ᪥ࠎࡢᴗົࢆ㏻ࡋ࡚௻ᴗᩥ໬ࡸ

2014ᖺ༞࠿ࡽ2018ᖺ༞ࡲ࡛ࡢᮏ࢟ࣕࣥࣃࢫࡢ

᪥ᮏⓗ࡞⪃࠼ࢆ⌮ゎࡉࡏࡿࠋࢯࣇࢺ࢙࢘࢔㛤Ⓨᑵ⫋ᐇ⦼ᴗ⏺࡜➢ྜࡋ࡚࠸ࡿ(ᅗ2)ࠋ

୍࡛ே๓ࡢᢏ⾡⪅࡟࡞ࡿࡲ࡛3ᖺ㹼5ᖺ࠿࠿ࡿࠋ

⾰ᕝ㸸እᅜே␃Ꮫ⏕ࡢᑵ⫋஦᝟ࡢ⌧≧࡜ㄢ㢟㹼ᑵ⫋ᨭ᥼άື࠿ࡽぢࡓᐇ㊶ⓗ◊✲㹼ධ♫┤ᚋ࠿ࡽ᪥ᮏேࡢ᪂ධ♫ဨ࡜࡜ࡶ࡟ษ☩⌶ࣆ࣮ࣗࢱࢩࢫࢸ࣒࣭ࢯࣇࢺ࢙࢘࢔㛤Ⓨ⏘ᴗ࡛ࡣࠊ☻ࡋࠊᚋ㍮ࢆᣢࡘ୍ே๓ࡢᢏ⾡⪅࡜ࡋ࡚࣑ࣕࣥ

᪥ᮏࡢᩥ໬ࡸၟ⩦័ࢆ▱ࡾ࢜ࣇࢩࣙ࢔㛤Ⓨඛࡢ࣐࣮࡜᪥ᮏࡢᶫΏࡋࢆࡍࡿࣈࣜࢵࢪSEࠊࢢ࣮ࣟᢏ⾡⪅࡜ᶫΏࡋ࡛ࡁࡿࣈࣜࢵࢪSEࡣᘬࡃᡭ࠶

ࣂ࣮ࣝࣜࢲ࣮࡟⫱ࡘࡇ࡜࡟ᮇᚅࡀ㧗ࡲࡿࠋࡲࡓ࡛࠶ࡿࠋ

(2)࣋ࢺࢼ࣒ࢯࣇࢺ࢙࢘࢔㛤Ⓨ௻ᴗ-B♫
B♫ࡣࠊ2017ᖺ࡟᪥ᮏἲேࢆ❧ࡕୖࡆࡓ࣋ࢺ
ࢼ࣒ᅜෆ኱ᡭࡢࢯࣇࢺ࢙࢘࢔௻ᴗ࡛ࠊᮏ࢟ࣕࣥ
ࣃࢫ࡟ࡣ2019ᖺ༞ࢆ≺ࡗ࡚ồே᝟ሗࡀᒆࡃࠋ
B♫ࡢᡓ␎࡟ࠊ1୓ேࡢࣈࣜࢵࢪSEࢆ⫱ᡂࡍࡿィ⏬ࡀ࠶ࡿࠋ1ேࡢࣈࣜࢵࢪSEࡀ᪥ᮏࡢIT௻
ᴗ࡜ࢩࢫࢸ࣒㛤Ⓨࡢጤクྲྀᘬࢆࡍࡿࡇ࡜࡛ࠊ࣋
ࢺࢼ࣒ᅜෆ࡟ᅾ⡠ࡍࡿ15ேࡢࢯࣇࢺ࢙࢘࢔㛤Ⓨ⪅ࡢά⏝ࡀぢ㎸ࡵࡿ࡜ࡋ࡚࠸ࡿࠋB♫ࡢྲྀࡾ⤌ࡳࡣࠊࡲࡔጞࡲࡗࡓࡤ࠿ࡾࡔࡀࠊィ⏬㏻ࡾ࡟
㐍ࡵࡤࠊᩘᖺᚋ࡟ࡣࠊ᪥ᮏࡢࢥࣥࣆ࣮ࣗࢱࢩࢫ
ࢸ࣒࣭ࢯࣇࢺ࢙࢘࢔㛤Ⓨ⏘ᴗ࡟㛵ࢃࡿேᮦࡀ15୓ேቑ࠼ࡿ࡜ᴫ⟬࡛ࡁࡿࠋ(3)࢜ࣇࢩࣙ࢔㛤Ⓨ࡜ࣈࣜࢵࢪSE᪥ᮏࡢࢥࣥࣆ࣮ࣗࢱࢩࢫࢸ࣒࣭ࢯࣇࢺ࢙࢘࢔
㛤Ⓨ௻ᴗࡣࠊேᮦ୙㊊ࡀ㛗ᮇ࡟៏ᛶ໬ࡋ࡚࠾ࡾࠊ
࢜ࣇࢩࣙ࢔㛤Ⓨ࡜ࣈࣜࢵࢪSEࡣࠊேᮦ୙㊊࡛ᝎࡴ௻ᴗ࡟࡜ࡗ࡚ேᮦ☜ಖࡢษࡾཱྀ࡟࡞ࡗ࡚࠸ࡿࠋ
A♫ࡸB♫ࡢࡼ࠺࡞እᅜேࡢά⏝౛ࡣ௒ᚋࡶቑ
࠼⥆ࡅࡿࡔࢁ࠺ࠋ
ᮏ࢟ࣕࣥࣃࢫࡢእᅜே␃Ꮫ⏕ࡣࠊIT࡜ࣅࢪࢿࢫࢆᏛࡧ᪥ᮏࡢᩥ໬ࡸၟ⩦័࡟ࡶぶࡋࡳࡀ࠶ࡿࠋ
࢜ࣇࢩࣙ࢔㛤Ⓨࢆ࣐ࢿ࣮ࢪ࣓ࣥࢺ࡛ࡁࡿࣈࣜࢵ
ࢪSE࡜ࡋ࡚ከࡃࡢ௻ᴗ࠿ࡽᮇᚅࡉࢀ࡚࠸ࡿࠋ
4. ᑵ⫋ࢆồࡵࡿእᅜே␃Ꮫ⏕ࡢㄢ㢟
4.1 ᮏ࢟ࣕࣥࣃࢫࡢ㐍㊰≧ἣᮏ࢟ࣕࣥࣃࢫࡣᏛ⏕ࡢ㐍㊰ᕼᮃ࡜Ỵᐃ≧ἣࢆ᪥ᮏࡢࢥࣥࣆ࣮ࣗࢱࢩࢫࢸ࣒࣭ࢯࣇࢺ࢙࢘࢔

ẖᖺㄪᰝࡋ࡚࠸ࡿࠋ2018ᖺ༞ࡲ࡛ࡢࢹ࣮ࢱ࡛ࡣࠊ

㛤Ⓨ௻ᴗࡢከࡃࡣ࢜ࣇࢩࣙ࢔㛤Ⓨࢆ࠾ࡇ࡞࠺ࠋ

ᅜෆ࡛௻ᴗᑵ⫋81%ࠊ㉳ᴗ7%ࠊ኱Ꮫ㝔㐍Ꮫ1%ࠊ

࢜ࣇࢩࣙ࢔㛤Ⓨ࡜ࡣࠊ᪥ᮏࡢᅜෆ࠿ࡽぢࡓࢯࣇᐙ᪘࡜⏕ά4%ࠊྜࢃࡏ࡚93%ࡀ᪥ᮏ࡟␃ࡲࡿࡇ

ࢺ࢙࢘࢔㛤Ⓨࡢᙧែࢆᣦࡋࠊᅜෆࡢࢯࣇࢺ࢙࢘

࡜ࢆᕼᮃࡋࠊ୍᪉ࠊᅜእࡢ௻ᴗᑵ⫋5%ࠊᖐᅜ2%ࠊ

࢔㛤Ⓨேᮦࡢே௳㈝㧗㦐ࢆ⌮⏤࡟ே௳㈝ࡢᏳ࠸

ྜࡏ࡚7%ࡀᅜእࢆᕼᮃࡍࡿ(ᅗ6)ࠋ

ᾏእࡢᅜ᝟ࢆά⏝ࡍࡿ᥇⟬ᛶࢆ╮ࢇࡔࢯࣇࢺ࢘
࢙࢔㛤Ⓨࡢᙧែ࡛࠶ࡿࠋᚑ᮶ࡣࠊ୰ᅜࠊ࢖ࣥࢻ
ࡀ௦⾲ᅜ࡛࠶ࡗࡓࡀࠊ୧ᅜ࡜ࡶ᪥ᮏ୪ࡳ࡟ே௳㈝ࡀ㧗㦐ࡋࠊ௒࡛ࡣࠊ࣑࣐࣮ࣕࣥࠊ࣋ࢺࢼ࣒࡞
࡝ࡢASEANᆅᇦ࡬࡜࢜ࣇࢩࣙ࢔㛤Ⓨᅜࡀኚ໬ࡋ࡚ࡁࡓࠋ࢜ࣇࢩࣙ࢔㛤Ⓨࡢ≉ᚩࡣࠊᅜෆࡢࢩ
ࢫࢸ࣒㛤Ⓨ᱌௳ࡢ௙ᵝࡸタィෆᐜࢆᾏእࡢࢯࣇ
ࢺ࢙࢘࢔㛤Ⓨᢏ⾡⪅࡟ṇ☜࡟ఏ࠼࡞ࡅࢀࡤ࡞ࡽ
࡞࠸ࡇ࡜࡛࠶ࡿࠋࡑࡢఏ㐩ᙺ࡜ࡋ࡚ࣈࣜࢵࢪSEࡀᮇᚅࡉࢀࡿࠋ

ᅗ6
6 ᮏ࢟ࣕࣥࣃࢫࡢ㐍㊰ᕼᮃ≧ἣ(⣼ィ)
ࡲࡓࠊ2018ᖺ༞ࡲ࡛ࡢ㐍㊰Ỵᐃ≧ἣࡣࠊᅜෆ

ࣈࣜࢵࢪSE࡜ࡣࠊITࢫ࢟ࣝࡔࡅ࡛࡞ࡃゝⴥ࡟࡛௻ᴗᑵ⫋74%ࠊ㉳ᴗ6%ࠊ኱Ꮫ㝔㐍Ꮫ1%ࠊᐙ

ࡼࡿࢥ࣑ࣗࢽࢣ࣮ࢩࣙࣥࡸᩥ໬ࠊ᪥ᮏࡢࣅࢪࢿ

᪘࡜⏕ά6%ࠊᅜእ࡛௻ᴗᑵ⫋5%ࠊᖐᅜ8%࡛࠶

ࢫ⩦័ࢆ⇍▱ࡋ࡚୧ᅜࡢ㛫࡟❧ࡕ෇⁥࡟ࢩࢫࢸ

ࡿ(ᅗ7)ࠋ

࣒㛤Ⓨࡢᴗົࢆ≌ᘬࡍࡿSE࡛࠶ࡿࠋ᪥ᮏᅜෆ࡛

ᅜෆ࡛௻ᴗᑵ⫋ࠊ㉳ᴗࠊ኱Ꮫ㝔㐍Ꮫࡢせ⣲࡟ࡢࢩࢫࢸ࣒㛤Ⓨ᱌௳ࡀ⤯࠼㛫࡞ࡃⓎ⏕ࡍࡿࢥࣥ⤠ࡗ࡚2014ᖺ༞࠿ࡽ2018ᖺ༞ࡲ࡛5ᮇศࡢ๭





➨୍ᕤᴗ኱Ꮫ◊✲ሗ࿌ࠉ➨ྕࠉ 4.2 ௻ᴗ࡟ࡼࡿእᅜே␃Ꮫ⏕ࡢ㑅⪃どⅬᮏ࢟ࣕࣥࣃࢫࡣࠊ2013ᖺᗘ࠿ࡽ㤳㒔ᅪࡢၟᕤ఍㆟ᡤࡸすṊಙ⏝㔠ᗜࠊ࣐࢖ࢼࣅ♫ࠊ኱Ꮫ᪂⪺♫ࠊᮾி㒔୰ᑠ௻ᴗ᣺⯆බ♫࡞࡝ࡀ㛤ദࡍࡿ௻ᴗ࡜ேᮦࡢ࣐ࢵࢳࣥࢢ࡟㛵ࡍࡿ᝟ሗ஺᥮఍࡟
40ᅇ௨ୖཧຍࡋࠊ1000♫௨ୖࡢே஦ᢸᙜ⪅࡜ᑐ
ᅗ7
7 ᮏ࢟ࣕࣥࣃࢫࡢ㐍㊰Ỵᐃ≧ἣ(⣼ィ)
ྜ࡛ࡣࠊ89%ࡢ399ேࡢእᅜே␃Ꮫ⏕ࡀᅜෆ࡛௻ᴗᑵ⫋ࠊ㉳ᴗࠊ኱Ꮫ㝔㐍Ꮫࢆᕼᮃࡋࠊ81%ࡢ
331ேࡢእᅜே␃Ꮫ⏕ࡀᅜෆࡢ௻ᴗᑵ⫋ࠊ㉳ᴗࠊ኱Ꮫ㐍Ꮫࢆᡂࡋ㐙ࡆ࡚࠸ࡿࠋᮏ࢟ࣕࣥࣃࢫࡢ
2014ᖺ༞࠿ࡽ2018ᖺ༞ࡲ࡛ࡢእᅜே␃Ꮫ⏕ࡢᅜෆ࡟࠾ࡅࡿ⣼ィ㐍㊰Ỵᐃ⋡ࡣ83%࡛࠶ࡿࠋ2015ᖺ࡟᪥ᮏᏛ⏕ᨭ᥼ᶵᵓ(JASSO)ࡀᐇ᪋
ࡋࡓࠕ᪥ᮏࡢ኱ᏛᏛ㒊ࢆ༞ᴗࡋࡓእᅜே␃Ꮫ⏕ࡢ㐍㊰ㄪᰝ࡛ࠖࡣࠊᅜෆ࡟࠾ࡅࡿᑵ⫋39.7%࡜
㐍Ꮫ17.8%ࢆྜࢃࡏ࡚ࡶ57.5%࡛࠶ࡾ(ᅗ8)ࠊᮏ
࢟ࣕࣥࣃࢫࡢᅜෆ࡟࠾ࡅࡿ㐍㊰Ỵᐃ⋡ࡣᴟࡵ࡚㧗࠸࡜࠸࠼ࡿࠋ

ヰࡋ࡚࠸ࡿࠋྛ♫ࠊேᮦ☜ಖࡀႚ⥭ࡢㄢ㢟࡛࠶ࡿࡇ࡜࡟ຍ࠼ࠊ᪥ᮏⓎࡢࣅࢪࢿࢫࢆᾏእᒎ㛤ࡍࡿᡓ␎ࢆ㐍ࡵࡿᵝ┦ࡀ⃰࠸ࠋࡑࢀ࡟క࠸እᅜே
␃Ꮫ⏕࡟ồࡵࡽࢀࡿせ⣲ࡀከᵝ໬ࡋࠊ᪥ᮏ⊂≉ࡢ௙஦ឤࠊၟ⩦័ࠊ㐍ฟᅜࡢ࢝ࣥࢺ࣮ࣜࣜࢫࢡ
ᑐ⟇࡟⮳ࡿࡲ࡛ேᮦࡢ㉁࡟ᣊࡾៅ㔜࡟㑅⪃ࡋ࡚࠸ࡿࠋᮏ✏3❶࡛๓㏙ࡋࡓ௻ᴗࡢᾏእᡓ␎࡟㈉⊩ࡍࡿேᮦ☜ಖ࡬ࡢㄢ㢟ࢆḟࡢᵝ࡟ᩚ⌮ࡍࡿࠋձ⏘ᴗேᮦ୙㊊ࡢ៏ᛶ໬ղᾏእ㟂せࢆ⋓ᚓࡍࡿᡓ␎ࡢ๰㐀ճ᪥ᮏࣅࢪࢿࢫࡢᢸ࠸ᡭࡢ⫱ᡂմ㧗࠸ᢏ⬟ேᮦࡢ☜ಖ࡜⫱ᡂ௻ᴗࡣࠊࡇࢀࡽ4ࡘࡢㄢ㢟ゎỴ࡟⧅ࡀࡿேᮦ
ࡢⓎ᥀ࢆ≺࠸௨ୗࡢᑂᰝ㡯┠࡛㑅⪃ࡍࡿ(ᅗ9)ࠋ
ᑂᰝෆᐜᐈほⓗ䛺᪥ᮏㄒ䝺䝧䝹ᣦᶆ䛷ᑂᰝ䐟㻔㻶㻸㻼㼀䠖䠪䠎௨ୖ䛒䜛䛔䛿䠪䠍┦ᙜ㻕
䐠

䝣䜵䞊 䝈
ᒚṔ᭩
㠃᥋

ලయⓗ䛺᪥ᮏㄒ䝁䝭䝳䝙䜿䞊䝅䝵䞁ຊ䜢ᑂᰝ㠃᥋ே᯶䚸ヰ䛩ෆᐜ䚸ゝⴥ౑䛔䚸Ⓨ㡢䚸ጼໃ䜔䜛Ẽ䚸ᑐேᢡ⾪ຊ䚸᪥ᮏᩥ໬⌮ゎ䚸᪥ᮏ䛷㠃᥋䛾⏕άຊ䛺䛹䜢ᑂᰝ䠥䠰⣔௻ᴗ䛷䛿䚸䝥䝻䜾䝷䝭䞁䜾䛺䛹䛾ᑓ㛛▱ Ꮫຊ᳨ᰝ䐢㆑䚸༶ᡓຊᛶ䛾ྍ⬟ᛶ䜢ᑂᰝ㠃᥋䐣 ᖺ㱋ᑂᰝᒚṔ᭩䐡ᅗ88 እᅜே␃Ꮫ⏕ࡢ㐍㊰ㄪᰝ(20115JASSO)

ᅗ99 እᅜே␃Ꮫ⏕ࡢᑂᰝ55㡯┠

2017ᖺ12᭶ࡢࠕᨻᗓ఍㆟ᮍ᮶ᢞ㈨఍㆟ᵓ㐀ᨵ㠉ᚭᗏ᥎㐍఍ྜ࡛ࠖࠊእົ┬ࠊᩥ⛉┬ࠊཌ⏕┬ࠊࡇࡇ࡟ᣲࡆࡓᑂᰝෆᐜࡣࠊ᪥ᮏேࠊእᅜே࡜

⤒⏘┬ࡢ4┬ࡀ㐃ྡࡋࡓࠕእᅜே␃Ꮫ⏕࣭ᾏእࡶ࡟ᕪࡣ࡞ࡃࠊࡸࡿẼࠊࢥ࣑ࣗࢽࢣ࣮ࢩࣙࣥ⬟Ꮫ⏕ࡢᑵ⫋ᨭ᥼࡟㛵ࡍࡿⓎ⾲ࠖࡀ࠶ࡿࠋ༞ᴗᚋ

ຊ࡞࡝ࡣᚑ᮶࠿ࡽ㔜せ࡞㑅⪃せ⣲࡛࠶ࡿࠋࡉࡽ

ࡢ㐍㊰ᕼᮃㄪᰝ࡟ᅜෆ࡛ᑵ⫋ࡋࡓ࠸࡜ࡍࡿᅇ⟅࡟ࠊእᅜே࡜࠸࠺ࡇ࡜࡛᪥ᮏㄒࡢ᮲௳ࡀ㔜ࡃຍ

ࡣ63.6%࡛࠶ࡿࠋ᪥ᮏ௻ᴗ࡬ࡢᑵ⫋࡟㛵ࢃࡗࡓࢃࡿࠋᅾ␃㈨᱁ࡢኚ᭦⏦ㄳ௳ᩘࡀ2017ᖺࡣ㐣ཤ᭱㧗௻ᴗ࡜ࡢᑐヰ࡛ࠊእᅜே␃Ꮫ⏕ࡢ᥇⏝ᐇ⦼ࡀࢆグ㘓ࡋ࡚࠸ࡿࡇ࡜࠿ࡽࡶ᪥ᮏ࡟␃ࡲࡾࡓ࠸࡜

ከ࠸௻ᴗࡣ๓㏙ࡢᑂᰝ5㡯┠ࢆព㆑ࡋࠊ᥇⏝ᐇ⪃࠼ࡿእᅜே␃Ꮫ⏕ࡣከ࠸ࠋᮏ࢟ࣕࣥࣃࢫࡢእ

⦼ࡀ↓ࡃ᥇⏝᳨ウ୰ࡢ௻ᴗࡣ⊂⮬ࡢᑂᰝᇶ‽ࢆᅜே␃Ꮫ⏕ࡣࠊ81%ࡀ᪥ᮏᅜෆ࡛௻ᴗᑵ⫋ࢆᕼᐃࡵࡿࡀ⤖ᯝⓗ࡟ྠᵝࡢᑂᰝ5㡯┠࡟⮳ࡿࠋ

ᮃࡋࠊ4┬ㄪᰝࡢ⤖ᯝ௨ୖࡢ≧ἣ࡟࠶ࡿ (ᅗ6)ࠋ

ࡇࡢᑂᰝ5㡯┠ࡣࠊእᅜே␃Ꮫ⏕ࡢᑵ⫋άື⾰ᕝ㸸እᅜே␃Ꮫ⏕ࡢᑵ⫋஦᝟ࡢ⌧≧࡜ㄢ㢟㹼ᑵ⫋ᨭ᥼άື࠿ࡽぢࡓᐇ㊶ⓗ◊✲㹼࡛㔜せ࡞㡯┠࡜ࡋ࡚ᤊ࠼ࡿࡇ࡜ࡀ࡛ࡁࡿࠋ᪥ᮏ

እᅜே␃Ꮫ⏕ࡢ᪥ᮏㄒࡢ⬟ຊࢆᐈほⓗ࡟▱ࡿ௻ᴗ࡛ാࡃ࡜࠸࠺ࡇ࡜ࡣࠊᵝࠎ࡞ᴗົࡢ஦᯶ࢆ

᪉ἲ࡟ᅜ㝿஺ὶᇶ㔠࡜᪥ᮏᅜ㝿ᩍ⫱ᨭ᥼༠఍ࡀ

᪥ᮏㄒ࡛ሗ࿌ࠊ㐃⤡ࠊ┦ㄯࡀ࡛ࡁࠊṇ☜࡟⌮ゎ୺ദࡍࡿJLPT᪥ᮏㄒ⬟ຊヨ㦂ࠊJETROࡸ⤒῭࡛ࡁࡿࡇ࡜ࡀ㔜せ࡛࠿ࡘᇶᮏⓗ࡞⾜ື࡜࡞ࡿࠋ

ྠ཭఍࡞࡝ࡀᚋ᥼ࡍࡿBJTࣅࢪࢿࢫ᪥ᮏㄒ⬟ຊ᪥ᮏே࡜࡜ࡶ࡟௙஦ࢆ㐍ࡵࡿ⫋ሙ࡛ࡣ࠶ࡓࡾࡲ

ࢸࢫࢺ࡞࡝ࡢ᪥ᮏㄒࡢ⬟ຊࣞ࣋ࣝࡀ᥇⏝ࡉࢀࡿࠋ࠼࡛ࠊ᪥ᮏㄒ࡛ࡢࢥ࣑ࣗࢽࢣ࣮ࢩࣙࣥ⬟ຊࡀప௻ᴗࡀồࡵࡿ᪥ᮏㄒࡢ⬟ຊࢆ௬࡟JLPTࡢࣞ࠸ேᮦࡣᡓຊ࡟⮳ࡽ࡞࠸࡜௻ᴗࡣぢ࡚࠸ࡿࠋ⫋࣋ࣝ࡟⨨ࡁ᥮࠼ࡿ࡜N1㸪N2࡟ヱᙜࡍࡿ(ᅗ10)ࠋ

ሙ࡛ࡢ᪥ᖖⓗ࡞ሙ㠃ࡢ౛ࢆ௨ୗ࡟♧ࡍࠋձᴗົᣦ♧➼ࡢࡸࡾྲྀࡾࡀṇ☜࡟࡛ࡁࡿ䝺䝧䝹㹌㸯ղሗ࿌᭩࡞࡝ࡢᩥ᭩ࡢసᡂࡀ࡛ࡁࡿ
ճ᪥ᖖⓗ࡞ࢥ࣑ࣗࢽࢣ࣮ࢩࣙࣥࡀ࡛ࡁࡿ
մᴗົ࣑࣮ࢸ࢕ࣥࢢ࡟ཧຍࡋ㆟ㄽ࡛ࡁࡿ4.3 ᪥ᮏㄒࢥ࣑ࣗࢽࢣ࣮ࢩࣙࣥຊ࡬ࡢᮇᚅ

㹌㸰

ㄆᐃ䛾┠Ᏻ
ᖜᗈ࠸ሙ㠃࡛౑ࢃࢀࡿ᪥ᮏㄒࢆ⌮ゎࡍࡿࡇ࡜ࡀ࡛ࡁࡿ᪥ᖖⓗ࡞ሙ㠃࡛౑ࢃࢀࡿ᪥ᮏㄒࡢ⌮ゎ࡟ຍ࠼ࠊࡼࡾᖜᗈ࠸ሙ㠃࡛౑ࢃࢀࡿ᪥ᮏㄒࢆ࠶
ࡿ⛬ᗘ⌮ゎࡍࡿࡇ࡜ࡀ࡛ࡁࡿ
-/37᪥ᮏㄒ⬟ຊヨ㦂ࠉㄆᐃࡢ┠Ᏻࡼࡾ➹⪅ࡀ11ࢆᢤ⢋ᅗ1
10 JLPT N1,N2ㄆᐃࡢ┠Ᏻ
JLPTࡸBJTࡢ᪥ᮏㄒࡢ⬟ຊࣞ࣋ࣝࡣࠊ௻ᴗ࡟

ᰴᘧ఍♫ࢹ࢕ࢫࢥࡀ2016ᖺ11᭶࡟ᐇ᪋ࡋࡓ࡜ࡗ࡚㔜せ࡞㛵ᚰ஦࡛࠶ࡿࠋJLPTࡢ࡛ࣞ࣋ࣝ

ࠕእᅜே␃Ꮫ⏕ࠊ㧗ᗘእᅜேᮦࡢ᥇⏝࡟㛵ࡍࡿ

ࡣN2௨ୖN1┦ᙜࡀࠊBJTࡢ࡛ࣞ࣋ࣝࡣJ1ࠊJ1+௻ᴗㄪᰝ࡛ࠖࡣࠊ᪥ᮏ࡛໅ົࢆᕼᮃࡍࡿእᅜே

┦ᙜࡀồࡵࡽࢀࡿࠋᒚṔ᭩࡟㧗࠸⬟ຊࣞ࣋ࣝࡢ

␃Ꮫ⏕࡟ồࡵࡿ㈨㉁ࡣᩥ⌮࡜ࡶ࡟ࠕࢥ࣑ࣗࢽࢣ

グ㍕ࡀ᭷ࡿሙྜ࡟ࡣ᭩㢮㑅⪃ẁ㝵࡛㠀ᖖ࡟᭷฼࣮ࢩࣙࣥ⬟ຊࠖࡀ1఩ࠕ᪥ᮏㄒຊࠖࡀ2఩࡛࠶ࡿࠋ

࡛࠶ࡿࠋእᅜே␃Ꮫ⏕࡟ồࡵࡿ᪥ᮏㄒࡢ⬟ຊࡣࡲࡓࠊᰴᘧ఍♫࣐࢖ࢼࣅࡀ2017ᖺ2᭶࡟ᐇ᪋᥇⏝ࡢྜྰࢆỴࡍࡿ㔜せ࡞せ⣲࡛࠶ࡿࠋ

ࡋࡓࠕ2017ᖺ༞௻ᴗእᅜே␃Ꮫ⏕᥇⏝≧ἣㄪᰝࠖᮏ࢟ࣕࣥࣃࢫࡣࠊ᪥ᮏ௻ᴗ࡟ᑵ⫋ࢆᕼᮃࡍࡿ

࡛ࡣࠊእᅜே␃Ꮫ⏕࡟ồࡵࡿ㈨㉁ࠊࢫ࢟ࣝࠊ᪥

እᅜே␃Ꮫ⏕࡟ࡣ3ᖺḟ࠿ࡽࡢᑵ⫋άື㛤ጞ᫬

ᮏㄒࡢ3せ⣲ࡢ࠺ࡕࠊ᪥ᮏㄒࡢ⬟ຊ࡛ࡣࠕ఍ヰࠊᮇࡲ࡛࡟᭱ప࡛N2ࢆྲྀᚓࡋࠊࡑࡢᚋN1ࡢྲྀᚓ

ㄞࡳ᭩ࡁࡀၥ㢟࡞ࡃ࡛ࡁࡿࣞ࣋ࣝࠖࡀ85㸣ࢆ㉸ࡸJ1ࠊJ1+ࡢྲྀᚓࢆᙉࡃᣦᑟࡋ࡚࠸ࡿࠋ

࠼࡚࠸ࡿࠋ᪥ᮏ௻ᴗ࡛♫ဨ࡜ࡋ࡚ാࡃࡓࡵ࡟ࡣࠊ
♫ෆእ࡛᪥ᮏㄒࢆ౑࠺ሙ㠃ࡀ᪥ᖖ࡛࠶ࡿࠋࡑࡢ

4.4 ᪂༞ᖺ㱋࡟ࡼࡿࣁࣥࢹ࢕࢟ࣕࢵࣉ

ሙ㠃࡛ࡢࢥ࣑ࣗࢽࢣ࣮ࢩࣙࣥຊࡣࠊ⫋✀࡟㛵ಀ᪥ᮏࡢᑵ⫋஦᝟࡟᪂༞࡜࠸࠺ゝⴥࡀ࠶ࡾࠊᮏ

࡞ࡃᴟࡵ࡚ࣞ࣋ࣝࡀ㧗࠸ࠋࡲࡓࠊྠㄪᰝ࡛ࡣࠊ

࢟ࣕࣥࣃࢫ࡛ᑵ⫋άືࡍࡿከࡃࡢᏛ⏕ࡣ᪂༞࡟᪥ᮏ௻ᴗ࡛ാࡃሙྜࡢ᪥ᮏㄒࡢ⬟ຊࡣࠕࣅࢪࢿ

࡞ࡿࠋ᪂༞ࡢᖺ㱋ࡣࠊ୍⯡ⓗ࡟22ṓ๓ᚋ࡛࠶ࡿ

ࢫ࡛ࣞ࣋ࣝ఍ヰࠊㄞࡳ᭩ࡁࡀၥ㢟࡞ࡃ࡛ࡁࡿࣞ

ࡀࠊእᅜே␃Ꮫ⏕ࡢከࡃࡀᑵ⫋άື᫬ࡢᖺ㱋ࡀ

࣋ࣝࠖࡀ62%ࢆ㉸࠼ࠊᢏ⾡⣔ࡢ⫋✀࡛ࡣࠊࡉࡽ

㧗࠸ࠋᙼࡽࡣࠊẕᅜࡢ㧗ᰯࡸ኱Ꮫࢆ༞ᴗࡋ࡚࠿

࡟ࠕ㧗ᗘ࡛ᑓ㛛ⓗ࡞఍ヰࡀ࡛ࡁࡿࣞ࣋ࣝࠖࡀᮃ

ࡽゼ᪥ࡋࠊ2ᖺ⛬ࠊ᪥ᮏㄒᏛᰯࡸᑓ㛛Ꮫᰯ࡟㏻ࡲࢀ࡚࠸ࡿࠋ༢࡞ࡿ
ࠕ᪥ᖖ఍ヰࡀ࡛ࡁࡿࣞ࣋ࣝࠖ

࠺ࠋࡑࡢࡓࡵࠊ᪥ᮏࡢ኱Ꮫ࡟ධᏛࡍࡿ㡭ࡣ20ṓ

࡛チᐜࡍࡿ௻ᴗࡢ๭ྜࡣపࡃࠊ᪥ᮏㄒࡢ⬟ຊࢆ

㹼25ṓࠊ༞ᴗ᫬ࡣ24ṓ㹼29ṓ࡟࡞ࡿࠋ୙ၥ࡜ࡍࡿ௻ᴗࡣⓙ↓࡛࠶ࡿࠋ௻ᴗࡢ᥇⏝άື࡛ᖺ㱋ࢆไ㝈ࡍࡿࡇ࡜ࡣࠊ㞠ᰴᘧ఍♫ࢹ࢕ࢫࢥࡸᰴᘧ఍♫࣐࢖ࢼࣅࡢㄪᰝ

⏝ᑐ⟇ἲ࡛⚗Ṇࡉࢀ࡚࠸ࡿࡀࠊᐇ㝿ࡣࠊ௻ᴗࡸ

ࡀ⿬௜ࡅࡿࡼ࠺࡟ࠊ௻ᴗࡀ᥇⏝ࢆ⪃࠼ࡿእᅜே

ᐁබᗇࡢᛂເ᮲௳࡟30ṓᮍ‶࡜᫂グࡉࢀࡿሙ␃Ꮫ⏕ࡢ᪥ᮏㄒࡢ⬟ຊࡣࠕࣅࢪࢿࢫ࣭௙஦࡛ࡢ

ྜࡶ࠶ࡿࠋࡲࡓࠊᮏ࢟ࣕࣥࣃࢫ࡟ᒆࡃồே⚊࡛఍ヰࠊㄞࡳ᭩ࡁࡀၥ㢟࡞ࡃ࡛ࡁࡿࠖ
ࡇ࡜࡛࠶ࡿࠋ

ࡣࠊグ㍕࡟ࡣ࡞࠸ࡀே஦ᢸᙜ⪅࡜ࡢᑐヰ࡛ᖺ㱋





➨୍ᕤᴗ኱Ꮫ◊✲ሗ࿌ࠉ➨ྕࠉ ࢆ♧ࡍሙྜࡶᑡ࡞ࡃ࡞࠸ࠋ௻ᴗࡢពぢࢆ⥲ྜࡍእᅜே␃Ꮫ⏕ࡢᙉࡳࢆά࠿ࡋ࡚௻ᴗࡢືࡁ࡜➢ࢀࡤࠊ4᭶ࡢධ♫᫬Ⅼ࡛30ṓᮍ‶ࡀ᪂༞ᖺ㱋ࡢྜࡉࡏ࡚෇‶࡟㐺ྜ࡛ࡁࡿࡼ࠺࡟ࠊ௻ᴗࡢ୍Ṍᬯ㯲࡞㝈⏺࡜࠸࠼ࡿࠋእᅜே␃Ꮫ⏕ࡣࠊᖺ㱋ࢆඛࢆぢᤣ࠼ࡓேᮦ⫱ᡂࢆ≌ᘬࡍࡿᙺ๭ࡀ࠶ࡿࠋ

⤒ࡓ᪂༞࡛ࠊ᪂༞ࢆ22ṓ࡜᝿ᐃࡍࡿ௻ᴗ࡬ࡢᑵ
6. ㅰ㎡⫋άືࡣ⊃ࡁ㛛࡟࡞ࡿࠋ
4.5 ᪥ᮏㄒຊ࡜ᖺ㱋࡟࠾ࡅࡿᑵ⫋ほᮏ࢟ࣕࣥࣃࢫࡢ㐍㊰ࢆ☜ᐃࡉࡏࡓእᅜே␃Ꮫ
⏕ࢆᑐ㇟࡟ࠊJLPT㈨᱁࡜ᖺ㱋࡜㐍㊰Ỵᐃࡢ㛵ಀࢆㄪᰝࡋࡓࠋN1ࠊN2ࠊ㈨᱁↓࡟ศ㢮ࡋࠊᖺ
㱋28ṓࢆቃ࡟㐍㊰Ỵᐃࡋࡓ๭ྜ࡛࠶ࡿ (ᅗ11)ࠋ
-/37ৱત
‫ڭۃ‬
‫ڮۃ‬
૮

ফೡೳ

ਤଡ଼ৠ৒

‫ؙؙ‬۹ୃ



ୃ۹



‫ؙؙ‬۹ୃ



ୃ۹



‫ؙؙ‬۹ୃ



ୃ۹



౐ফ৹ਪ‫ق‬ফभा‫ك‬ᮏ✏ࢆ⧳ࡵࡿ࡟࠶ࡓࡾࠊ➨୍ᕤᴗ኱Ꮫᮾிୖ
㔝࢟ࣕࣥࣃࢫࡢᑵ⫋ᨭ᥼άືࢆ㏻ࡋ࡚ከࡃࡢ௻
ᴗ࡜㛵ಀᛶࢆ⥔ᣢࡋࠊᏛ⏕ࡢᑵ⫋ᡂᑵࢆᑟࡃ࡜
࡜ࡶ࡟ࠊ⤒ᖺ࡟ரࡗ࡚ࢹ࣮ࢱࢆᥦ౪㡬࠸ࡓ࢟ࣕࣜ࢔ࢧ࣏࣮ࢺࢭࣥࢱ࣮ᮧ⏣ㄔⶶẶ࡟ᚰࡼࡾឤㅰ
ࡍࡿࠋࡲࡓࠊᅾᏛ୰ࡢ3ᖺḟ࠿ࡽຮᏛ࡜ᑵ⫋άືࡢ୧❧࡟඲ຊࢆὀࡂࠊ⮬ࡽࡢ㐍㊰ࢆ☜ᐇ࡟຾ࡕ⋓ࡾᕢ❧ࡗࡓᮏ࢟ࣕࣥࣃࢫ༞ᴗ⏕ㅖྩ࡟ᚰࡼ
ࡾឤㅰࡍࡿࠋࡲࡓࠊ௻ᴗどⅬ࡛እᅜே␃Ꮫ⏕ࡢ᥇⏝࡬ࡢ㈗㔜࡞ពぢࢆ㡬࠸ࡓከࡃࡢ௻ᴗ㛵ಀ⪅࡟ᚰࡼࡾឤㅰࡍࡿࠋ

ᅗ1
11 JLPT㈨᱁࡜ᖺ㱋ࠊ㐍㊰Ỵᐃࡢ㛵ಀ
JLPT㈨᱁ࡢపୗ࡟ᛂࡌ࡚㐍㊰Ỵᐃࡶపୗࡋࠊ

7. ཧ⪃ᩥ⊩

28ṓ௨ୗࡣࠊ⥲ࡌ࡚ồே⚊ࡢᩘࡣከ࠸ࡀ᪥ᮏㄒ

1) ᪥ᮏᨻᗓほගᒁ-ᅜ⡠᭶ูゼ᪥እᐈᩘ2003ᖺ㹼2018ᖺ⬟ຊࡢపࡉ࠿ࡽ᭩㢮ࡸ㠃᥋࡛୙ྜ᱁࡟࡞ࡿࠋ

2) ᩥ㒊⛉Ꮫⓑ᭩➨2㒊-➨5❶㧗➼ᩍ⫱ࡢ඘ᐇ-ᩥ㒊⛉Ꮫ┬ H28ᖺᗘ

୍᪉ࠊN1࡞࡝᪥ᮏㄒࡢ⬟ຊࡀ㧗࠸Ꮫ⏕ࡣࠊᖺ㱋ࡀ㧗ࡃ࡚ࡶ✜ࡸ࠿࡟㐍㊰Ỵᐃ࡟⮳ࡿࠋ᪥ᮏㄒ3) ᅜ❧♫఍ಖ㞀࣭ேཱྀၥ㢟◊✲ᡤ H 29ᖺ᥎ィ᪥ᮏࡢᑗ᮶᥎ィேཱྀ ேཱྀၥ㢟◊✲㈨ᩱ➨336ྕ H 29.7.31

ࡢ⬟ຊ࡜ࣔࢳ࣮࣋ࢩࣙࣥࡀඃ⚽࡛࠶ࢀࡤࠊ᭩㢮4) H29ᖺ∧ཌ⏕ປാⓑ᭩➨1❶ᡃࡀᅜ⤒῭♫఍ࡢ୰ࡢ♫఍ಖ㞀ࡸ㠃᥋࡛ヲࡋ࠸⮬ᕫ࢔ࣆ࣮ࣝࡀ࡛ࡁෆᐃ࡟⮳ࡿ5) 2016ᖺᗘ᪥ᮏ௻ᴗࡢᾏእ஦ᴗᒎ㛤࡟㛵ࡍࡿ࢔ࣥࢣ࣮ࢺㄪᰝ

ሙྜࡀከ࠸ࠋ᪥ᮏㄒࡢ⬟ຊࡀపࡃᖺ㱋ࡀ㧗࠸Ꮫ⏕ࡣࠊ༞ᴗᖺࡢ3᭶㛫㝿࡟ෆᐃ⋓ᚓ࠿ࠊỴࡲࡽ
ࡎ࡟4᭶௨㝆ࡶᑵ⫋άືࢆ⥅⥆ࡍࡿࠋᮏ࢟ࣕࣥࣃࢫ࡛ࡣࠊᑵ⫋άືࢆ෇⁥࡟㐍ࡵࡿࡓࡵ࡟ࡶ28ṓ௨ୗ࡛ᑵ⫋άືࡀ㛤ጞ࡛ࡁࡿࡼ
࠺࡟༢఩ྲྀᚓࡢᒚಟᣦᑟࢆ᥎㐍ࡋ࡚࠸ࡿࠋJETRO㸦2017.3㸧
6) ⓑᮌ୕⚽ ᪥ᮏேᾏእὴ㐵⪅ࡢ⫱ᡂ࡜ㄢ㢟/࢔ࢪ࢔ࡢ⌧ᆅࢫࢱࢵࣇ࡟ࡼࡿホ౯࠿ࡽࡢ᳨ウ ᪩✄⏣ၟᏛ➨428ྕ2011.3
7) ᪥ᮏᏛ⏕ᨭ᥼ᶵᵓ-H27ᖺᗘእᅜே␃Ꮫ⏕㐍㊰≧ἣ࣭Ꮫ఩ᤵ୚≧ἣㄪᰝ⤖ᯝ-H 29.4
8) ᨻ⟇఍㆟-ᮍ᮶ᢞ㈨఍㆟ᵓ㐀ᨵ㠉ᚭᗏ᥎㐍఍ྜࡇࢀࡲ࡛ࡢᡂ㛗ᡓ␎ࡢ㐍ᤖ≧ἣ࡜௒ᚋྲྀࡾ⤌ࡴ࡭ࡁ஦㡯 -H29.12.13

5. ࡲ࡜ࡵ
ᮏ✏ࡣࠊᮏ࢟ࣕࣥࣃࢫࢆࣔࢹࣝ࡟௻ᴗ࡜኱Ꮫ
ࡢඹ㏻ㄢ㢟ࢆࠕ⏘ᴗேᮦࡢ☜ಖ࡜ࢢ࣮ࣟࣂࣝே
ᮦࡢ⫱ᡂࠖ࡜ࡋ࡚እᅜே␃Ꮫ⏕ࡢ᪥ᮏ࡛ࡢᑵ⫋άືࡢᅔ㞴ࡉࢆ♧ࡋࡓࠋ᪥ᮏ௻ᴗࡣᡂ㛗ᡓ␎࡟ᾏእ㐍ฟࢆ⤌ࡳධࢀࠊேᮦ୙㊊࡟ᑐᓖࡍࡿゎࢆ᪥ᮏேࡔࡅ࡛ᤊ࠼࡚࠸࡞࠸ࠋᮏ࢟ࣕࣥࣃࢫࡣࠊ

9) እᅜே␃Ꮫ⏕㸭㧗ᗘእᅜேᮦࡢ᥇⏝࡟㛵ࡍࡿ௻ᴗㄪᰝ
ᰴᘧ఍♫ࢹ࢕ࢫࢥ 2017.12ㄪᰝ
10) 2017ᖺ༞/௻ᴗእᅜே␃Ꮫ⏕᥇⏝≧ἣㄪᰝ ᰴᘧ఍♫࣐࢖ࢼࣅ2017ᖺ2᭶27᪥11) ᪥ᮏㄒ⬟ຊヨ㦂බᘧ࢙࢘ࣈࢧ࢖ࢺ㸸 N1- N5ㄆᐃࡢ┠Ᏻ12) ᪥ᮏᏛ⏕ᨭ᥼ᶵᵓ H 29ᖺᗘእᅜே␃Ꮫ⏕ᅾ⡠≧ἣㄪᰝ⤖ᯝ 
H 29.12
   ࢖ࢠࣜࢫ࡟࠾ࡅࡿ⫋ᴗᩍ⫱࡜㈨᱁ไᗘᨵ㠉ᒾ ᶫ ἲ 㞝➨୍ᕤᴗ኱Ꮫ ඹ㏻ᩍ⫱ࢭࣥࢱ࣮ ᩍᤵ ࠛ899㸫4395 㮵ඣᓥ┴㟝ᓥᕷᅜศ㸯୎┠ 10 ␒ 2 ྕ
E-mail:

n-iwahashi@daiichi-koudai.ac.jp

Vocational education and Reorganization of Qualification
framework in the UK
Prof. Norio IWAHASHI
Centre of academic basic and common education, Daiichi institute of technology
1-10-2 Kokubu-chuoh, Kirishima-shi, Kagoshima-ken, 899-4395, JAPANE-mail:

Abstract :n-iwahashi@daiichi-koudai.ac.jp

This paper surveys the vocational education (system) in Britain (mainly England & Wales). And I take up the problem

which conquers the gap between vocational education and academic education from a viewpoint of social equity. The core of theconquest is to raise the level of vocational education training. And various occupation qualification is to be organized as qualification
for functioning useful socially. In this way, GNVQ and NVQ were created. However, a problem does not stop there. The equality of
those qualifications and academic ones is pursued. This is the system of qualification framework.

Key Words :vocational education, qualification framework, NVQ, social justice, United Kingdomࡣࡌࡵ࡟࠸࠺➇த࡟୚ࡍࡿࡇ࡜ࡀ࡛ࡁ࡞࠸࣮ࣝࢺࠊࡍ࡞

ᡓᚋᩍ⫱ᨵ㠉࡟࠾࠸࡚୰➼ᩍ⫱ࡢᶵ఍ᆒ➼ࢃࡕ࢔࢝ࢹ࣑ࢵࢡ௨እࡢከᵝ࡞㐍㊰ࡣᮏ㉁ⓗ࡟࡜ࡋ࡚ࠊࢢ࣐࣮࣭ࣛࢫࢡ࣮ࣝࠊࢸࢡࢽ࣭࢝ࣝࢫ

ព࿡࠶ࡿ㐨➽࡜ࡋ࡚఩⨨௜࠸࡚࠸࡞࠿ࡗࡓࠋࡑ

ࢡ࣮ࣝࠊࣔࢲ࣭ࣥࢫࢡ࣮ࣝࡢ୕ศ❧ไᗘࡢ☜❧ࡢࡇ࡜ࡣࢢ࣐࣮ࣛ㸦࢔࢝ࢹ࣑ࢵࢡᚿྥ㸧ࠊࢸࢡࢽ࡜ᑐ➼໬ࡀ┠ᣦࡉࢀࡓࡇ࡜ࡣ࿘▱ࡢ஦ᐇ࡛࠶ࡿࠋ

࢝ࣝࠊࣔࢲࣥࡢ୕ศ❧ไᗘࡢᐇែࡀ㇟ᚩⓗ࡟♧ࡑࡋ࡚ࡉࡽ࡟ࠊ♫఍ⓗබṇࢆᚿྥࡋ࡚㈨᱁ヨ㦂ࡋ࡚࠸ࡿࠋࡑࢀࡽࡢேᩘⓗẚ⋡ࡣ㸵࣭㸯࣭㸯㸵ไᗘࡢᩚഛ࣭☜❧ࡀ㏣ồࡉࢀࡓࠋࡑࢀࡣ࢖ࢠࣜ

࡜࠸࠺ወጁ࡞ࡶࡢ࡛࠶ࡗࡓࠋࡋ࠿ࡶࢸࢡࢽ࢝

ࢫࡢ࢔࢝ࢹ࣑ࢵࢡᚿྥࡢఏ⤫࡟ᑐࡍࡿᣮᡓ࡜ࡋ

࣭ࣝࢫࢡ࣮ࣝࡣࠊ࢔࢝ࢹ࣑ࢵࢡᇶ‽࡛ࠕ⬟ຊ࡚ࠖࠊ࠸࠿࡟࢔࢝ࢹ࣑ࢵࢡࡢᩍ⫱ࢫࢺ࣮࣒ࣜࡢᯟ

࡟ࡼࡗ࡚ྜ᱁࡜୙ྜ᱁ࡀỴᐃࡉࢀࡿࢢ࣐࣮࣭ࣛ

ෆࡢᕪูⓗ᱁ᕪࢆ᫝ṇࡍࡿ࠿࡜࠸࠺ࡶࡢ࡛࠶ࡗ

ࢫࢡ࣮ࣝ࡜ࣔࢲ࣭ࣥࢫࢡ࣮ࣝ࡜ࡣู࡟ࠊᢏ⾡ⓗࡓ㸦GCEࠊCSEࠊGCSE ࡬ࡢኚ㠉㐣⛬࡞࡝ࡀࡑ࡞㡿㔝࡬ࡢࠕ㐺ᛶࠖࡢၥ㢟࡜ࡋ࡚⪃࠼ࡽࢀࡿഴ

ࡢ㇟ᚩ࡛࠶ࡿ㸧ࠋࡔࡀࠊࡑࡇ࡛ࡣ㧗➼ᩍ⫱㐍Ꮫࢆྥࡀ࠶ࡗࡓ㸦Michael Sanderson, Education andぢࡍ࠼ࡓࠕᏛຊࠖヨ㦂࡛࠸࠿࡟㏺࠸ୖࡀࡿ࠿࡜

Economic Decline in Britain 1999 p.81. ヂ᭩ࡣᏳ➨୍ᕤᴗ኱Ꮫ◊✲ሗ࿌ࠉ➨ྕࠉ ཎ⩏ோ┘ヂࠗ࢖ࢠࣜࢫࡢ⤒῭⾶㏥࡜ᩍ⫱࠘ࠊ᫭ὒ་Ꮫ㒊ಖ೺Ꮫ⛉⣖せ 12 ᕳ 2 ྕࠊ2002 ᖺ 3 ᭶㸧ࠋ᭩ᡣࠊ2010 ᖺࠊp.132-3 㡫 ཧ↷)ࠋࡑࢀ࡞ࡽࡑ

ࡋ࠿ࡋࠊࠕᩍ⫱኱ウ㆟ࠖࡢ㔜せ࡞ᨵ㠉ᥦ㉳ࡣࠊࢀ࡛ࠊ11 ṓ᫬ヨ㦂ࡢ᫬Ⅼ࡛㑅ูࡏࡎ࡟ࠊ࢔࢝ࢹ

ᡓᚋ⚟♴ᅜᐙయไୗ࡟࠾ࡅࡿᩍ⫱ᣑ኱㊰⥺࡟ᑐ࣑ࢵࢡ࡞㧗࠸Ꮫຊࡢ⪅ࡀᢏ⾡ⓗ࡞⬟ຊ࠾ࡼࡧ㐺ࡋ࡚ࠊᩍ⫱ࡢ⏘ᴗⓎᒎ࡬ࡢᐤ୚ࡣぢྜࡗࡓࡶࡢ

ᛶࢆ♧ࡍࡼ࠺࡞ᩍ⫱άືࡶేࡏ࡚⾜࠸ࠊ㞳Ꮫ㸦᭱࡞ࡢ࠿࡜࠸࠺ࡇ࡜࡞ࡢ࡛࠶ࡗࡓࠋ࢔࢝ࢹ࣑ࢵ

⤊ⓗ࡟ࡣ 16 ṓ࡛ࡢ⩏ົᩍ⫱⤊஢ࢆព࿡ࡍࡿ㸧᫬ࢡ࣭࣮ࣝࢺࢆྵࡵ࡚Ꮫᰯᩍ⫱඲యࡢ♫఍ಖ㞀ⓗࡲ࡛ࡢ୰㛫ⓗ࡞᫬Ⅼ࡛࢔࢝ࢹ࣑ࢵࢡ࡜ᑐ➼࡞ࣞຠ⬟࡟࡜࡝ࡲࡽࡎࠊࡑࡢಖ㞀ࢆᨭ࠼ࡿ࡭ࡃ⤒῭࣋ࣝࡀ☜ಖࡉࢀࡓ㐍㊰㑅ᢥࡀ⾜ࢃࢀࡿࡼ࠺࡟ࡍ
ࠊࠊ࡭ࡁࡔࡗࡓ࡜⪃࠼ࡿࠋࡔࡀࠊ௨ୗ࡟㏙࡭ࡿ࢖ࢠࠊࠊࠊࠊࠊࠊࠊࠊࠊࠊࠊࠊࠊࠊࠊࠊࠊࠊࠊࠊࠊ
ࣜࢫ♫఍࡛ࡢఏ⤫ⓗ࡞ᛮᝳᵝᘧ࡜኱Ꮫ࡛ࡢࠕ⛉ࠊࠊࠊࠊࠊࠊࠊࠊࠊࠊࠊࠊࠊࠊࠊࠊࠊࠊࠊࠊࠊ
Ꮫࠖ೫㔜㸦ᢏ⾡࡜ࡣ༊ูࡉࢀࡓ୍⯡ᛮ⪃ᵝᘧ㔜ࠊࠊࠊࠊࠊࠊどࡢࠕ⛉Ꮫࠖ
㸧ࡀ࠶ࡗࡓࡺ࠼࡟ࠊࡑࡢࡇ࡜ࡣ࠿࡞

ⓗᐇຠᛶࢆၥ࠺ࡓࡢ࡛࠶ࡿࠋࡑࢀࡣࣇ࢛࣮࣐ࣝ
ࠊࠊࠊࠊࠊࠊࠊ
࡞Ꮫᰯᩍ⫱ไᗘࡢෆ࡜እࢆၥࢃࡎࠊ⏘ᴗ⏺࡬ࡢ⛉Ꮫᢏ⾡ᩍ⫱ࡢ㈉⊩࡟ᑐࡍࡿ༴ᶵឤ࡛࠶ࡾࠊ࣐

ࢃ࡞࠿ࡗࡓࠋࡑࡋ࡚ 1955 ᖺ࡟ࠊ࢚ࢡࣝࢬཀࡣᩍ

ࡢ࡛࠶ࡿࠋࣥࣃ࣮࣡ࡢᩍ⫱࣭カ⦎ࡢၥ㢟࡛࠶ࡗࡓࠋࡑࡋ࡚ࠊ
ࡇࡢࡇ࡜ࡣࡦ࡜ࡾᩍ⫱ୡ⏺ࡢၥ㢟࡛ࡶ࡞࠿ࡗࡓ

⫱኱⮧࡜ࡋ࡚ࠊࢸࢡࢽ࣭࢝ࣝࢫࢡ࣮ࣝࡢࡉࡽ࡞

ఏ⤫ⓗᛮᝳᵝᘧ࡜ᆅ᪉ᨻᗓ  ⫋ᴗᩍ⫱࣭カࡿቑタࡣㄆྍࡋ࡞࠸ࡇ࡜ࢆỴᐃࡋࡓࠋࡇ࠺࡞ࢀ

⦎࡛ࡢ࢖ࢠࣜࢫࡢⓎᒎࢆጉࡆ࡚ࡁࡓࡶࡢ࡜ࡋ࡚

ࡤࠊࡉࡽ࡟ᢏ⾡ᩍ⫱ࡢᚲせࡀ⏘ᴗ⏺㸦ࡢ୍㒊㸧࠼ࡤࠕ⫋ᴗ㸦ᢏ⾡㸧ࠖᩍ⫱࣭カ⦎ࡣࠊṇつࡢᏛᰯࡉࡲࡊࡲ࡞せᅉࡀᣦ᦬ࡉࢀࡿࡀࠊ┳㐣࡛ࡁ࡞࠸ࠊࠊࠊࠊࠊࠊࠊ
ࡢࡣ♫఍ⓗ㢼ᅵ࡜࠸࠺࠿ఏ⤫ⓗᛮᝳᵝᘧࡢၥ㢟ࠊࠊࠊࠊࠊࠊࠊࠊࠊࠊࠊࠊࠊࠊࠊࠊࠊ
ࡀ࠶ࡿࠋࡑࢀࡣࠕᩍ⫱ࠖࡣᅜᐙࡢ㛵୚஦㡯࡛࠶ࠊࠊࠊࠊࠊࠊࠊࠊࠊࠊࠊࠊࠊࠊࠊࠊࠊࠊࠊࠊࠊ
ࡿࡀࠊ⫋ᴗࠕカ⦎ࠖࡣ⏘ᴗ⏺࡟ጤࡡࡿ࡭ࡁ࡛࠶
ࠊࠊࠊࠊࠊࠊࠊࠊࠊࠊࠊࠊࠊࠊࠊࠊࠊࠊࠊࠊࠊ
ࡿ࡜࠸࠺ᨻ἞ⓗྜព࡛࠶ࡾࠊ࢖ࢠࣜࢫ⏘ᴗ㐃┕ࠊ ࠊࠊࠊࠊࠊ ࠊ ࠊ ࠊ ࠊ ࠊ ࠊ ࠊ ࠊ ࠊ ࠊ ࠊ ࠊ ࠊ㸦 CBI) ࡶ ࡇ ࢀ ࡟ ྠ ព ࡋ ࡚ ࠸ ࡓ ࡢ ࡛ ࠶ ࡿไᗘእࡢࠊ㞳Ꮫᚋࡢࡑࢀࡒࢀࡢᶵ㛵ࡀᐇ᪋ࡍࡿ

㸦Finegold and Soskice, 1988㸸Michael Sanderson⫋ᴗᢏ⾡ᩍ⫱ࢥ࣮ࢫࡸࣉࣟࢢ࣒ࣛ࡟ᛂເࡋ࡚㌟

๓ᥖ᭩ࡼࡾ㔜ᘬ ཧ↷)ࠋࡉࡽ࡟ࡶ࠺୍ࡘࠊఏ⤫࡟ࡘࡅࡿ࠿ࠊྛ⫋ᴗ㡿㔝ࡢᚐᘵ㸦カ⦎㸧ไᗘ࡟ⓗᛮᝳᵝᘧࡀ࠶ࡿࠋ☜࠿࡟ᩍ⫱ࡀࠕᅜᐙࠖࡢ㛵ࠊࠊࠊࠊࠊࠊࠊࠊ
୚஦㡯࡜࡞ࡗ࡚ࡁ࡚࠸ࡿࡀࠊࡑࢀࡣಶே୺⩏ⓗࠊࠊࠊࠊࠊࠊࠊࠊࠊࠊࠊࠊࠊࠊࠊࠊࠊࠊࠊࠊࠊ
⮬⏤୺⩏࡜ࠊ♫఍ⓗ⿵ൾᥐ⨨ࢆᶒ฼࡜ࡋ࡚ồࡵࠊࠊࠊࠊࠊࠊࠊࠊࠊࠊࠊࠊࠊࠊࠊࠊࠊࠊࠊࠊࠊ
ࡿ♫఍ᶒⓗᛮᝳ࣭⾜ືᵝᘧ࡜ࡢ᱁㜚ࡢ୰࡛ࠊኪ
ࠊࠊࠊࠊࠊࠊࠊࠊࠊࠊࠊࠊࠊࠊࠊࠊࠊࠊࠊࠊࠊ㆙ᅜᐙほࡢᚋ㏥࡟ࡼࡗ࡚⌧ฟࡋ࡚ࡁࡓ࡜࠸࠺ࡇ
ࠊࠊࠊࠊ࡜࡛࠶ࡿࠋࡺ࠼࡟ࠊᩍ⫱ࡶከᵝ࡞⠜ᚿᐙࡸᩍ఍

࠿ࡽኌࡀୖࡀࡗ࡚ࡶࠊᩘᑡ࡞࠿ࡗࡓᢏ⾡ᩍ⫱ࢆᢸ࠾࠺࡜ࡋࡓࢸࢡࢽ࣭࢝ࣝࢫࢡ࣮ࣝࡣࡑࡢᏑᅾ
⌮⏤ࡀ୙☜࠿࡟࡞ࡽࡊࡿࢆᚓࡎࠊ1960 ᖺ௦࡟ࡣᾘ⁛ࡋ࡚࠸ࡃࡇ࡜࡟࡞ࡗࡓࠋࡑࡋ࡚ࠊ➃ⓗ࡟ゝཧධࡍࡿ࠿࡜࠸࠺ࡶࡢ࡛࠶ࡗࡓࠋᮏㄽ࡛ࡣࠊ࢖
ࢠࣜࢫ㸦୺࡟࢖ࣥࢢࣛࣥࢻ㸤࢙࣮࢘ࣝࢬ㸧࡟࠾ࡅࡿ⫋ᴗᩍ⫱㸦ไᗘ㸧ࡢᴫせ࡜ࠊ♫఍ⓗබṇࡢどゅ࠿ࡽ⫋ᴗᩍ⫱࡜࢔࢝ࢹ࣑ࢵࢡ࡜ࡢ᱁ᕪඞ᭹
ࡢၥ㢟ࢆྲྀࡾୖࡆࡿࠋ

࡞࡝ࡢ⚾ⓗ࡞⮬Ⓨⓗ࡞ࢧ࣮ࣅࢫ࡜ࡋ࡚Ꮡᅾࡋ࡚
➨㸯❶ ᩍ⫱኱ウ㆟ࡢࡶ࠺୍ࡘࡢ㢦ࡁࡓఏ⤫ࡀᇶㄪ࡜ࡋ࡚Ꮡᅾࡍࡿࠋࡑࡇ࡛ࡣࠊᩍ

ປാඪ࢟ࣕࣛࣁࣥ㸦J. Callaghan㸧㤳┦ࡀࠊඪ⫱࡬ࡢබⓗ࡞㛵୚ࡣ㐲࠸ᅜᐙ㸦୰ኸᨻᗓ㸧
ࡼࡾࠊࠊࠊࠊࠊࠊࠊࠊࠊࠊࠊࠊࠊࠊࠊࠊࠊࠊࠊࠊࠊࠊ
⮬୺ⓗ࡛⮬ᚊⓗ࡞ேࠎ࣭㞟ᅋ⤌⧊ࡀཧຍព㆑ࢆ
ࠊࠊࠊࠊࠊࠊࠊࠊࠊࠊࠊࠊࠊࠊࠊࠊࠊࠊࠊࠊ
㔊ᡂࡉࢀࡿࠊᆅᇦⓗ࡞ඹྠ♫఍ࡢ஦㡯࡛࠶ࡾࠊ

኱఍࡛ࡢ₇ㄝ࡛ࠕࢣ࢖ࣥࢬ୺⩏ࡢ᭷ຠᛶࡀኻࢃ
ࢀ࡚࠸ࡿࠖ
㸦1976 ᖺ㸧࡜ࡋࠊᩍ⫱኱ウ㆟㸦Great
Debate 1977 ᖺ㸧ࢆ࿧ࡧ࠿ࡅࡓࠋࡑࡇ࡛ࡣࠊ⫋ᴗࠊࠊࠊᩍ⫱࣭カ⦎ࡀព㆑ࡉࢀࡓࡀࠊ⤖ᯝ࡜ࡋ࡚ࢥࣥࣉ
ࠊࠊࠊࠊࠊࠊࠊࠊࠊࠊࠊࠊࠊࠊࠊࠊࠊࠊࠊࠊࠊ
ࣜ࣊ࣥࢩࣦ໬ᩍ⫱࡜㐍Ṍ୺⩏ᩍ⫱ࡢ᫝㠀ࢆྵࡵࠊ ࠊࠊࠊࠊࠊࠊࠊࠊࠊࠊࠊࠊࠊࠊࠊࠊࠊࠊࠊ
࡚ࠊᩍ⫱ࡢ࢔࢝ࢹ࣑ࢵࢡ㡿㔝࡛ࡢヨ㦂ไᗘᨵ㠉ࠊࠊࠊࠊࠊࠊࠊࠊࠊ
࡬࡜཰ᩡࡋ࡚࠸ࡗࡓ㸦ᣋⴭࠕ࢖ࢠࣜࢫ࡟࠾ࡅࡿ㈨᱁ヨ㦂ไᗘࡢ⌧≧࡜ㄢ㢟ࠖཧ↷ࠊ㮵ඣᓥ኱Ꮫࡑࡢ௦⾲ᶵ㛵࡛࠶ࡿᆅᇦࡢබᙜᒁࡀඛ⾜ࡍࡿࠋࡇࢀࡀ࢖ࢠࣜࢫࡢఏ⤫࡜ࡋ࡚ࡢᆅ᪉⮬἞࡛࠶ࡾࠊ
ࠊࠊᆅ᪉ᨻᗓ࡜ࡋ࡚ࡢᆅ᪉⮬἞య࡛࠶ࡿࠋ ἲつᐃ࡜ࡑࡢᐇែⓗస⏝  ࡇࡇ࡛㠀ᖖ࡟࠾ࡶࡋࢁ࠸஦౛ࢆ⤂௓ࡋ࡚࠾ࡇ࠺ࠋTTA(Teacher
Training Agency)ࡀタ❧ࡉࢀࠊᩍဨ㣴ᡂ࡟ᑐࡍࡿ

ᒾᶫ㸸࢖ࢠࣜࢫ࡟࠾ࡅࡿ⫋ᴗᩍ⫱࡜㈨᱁ไᗘᨵ㠉ᅜᐙࡢᙺ๭ࡀ᫂☜࡟ࡉࢀ㸦ᅜᐙࡢ㛵୚ࡀᙉ໬ࡉ

୰࡛ࠊಶே୺⩏ⓗ⮬⏤୺⩏ࡣᖖ࡟ಶேࡢ➇தࢆࢀ㸧࡚ࡃࡿ⤒⦋ࡀ࠶ࡿࠋ
ࡇࢀࡽࡢ஦ែ࡟ᑐࡋ࡚ࠊ

కࡗ࡚ᙉࡵࡽࢀࡣࡋࡓࡀࠊᙜ↛ࡢࡈ࡜ࡃ⛣Ẹὶ㧗㔝࿴Ꮚࡀㄽᩥࠕ࢖ࢠࣜࢫ࡟࠾ࡅࡿᩍဨ㣴ᡂㄢධࡢၥ㢟ࢆྵࡵ࡚຾ࡕ⤌࣭㈇ࡅ⤌ࡢ㝵ᒙศ໬ࡢ⛬ࡢ⾜ᨻࠖ㸦᫂἞኱Ꮫᩍ⫋ㄢ⛬ᖺሗ 37 ྕࠊ2014⃭ࡋ࠸෌⏕⏘ࡢ୰࡛ࠊಶே୺⩏ⓗ⮬⏤୺⩏ࡀ⣣ᖺ㸧࡛ࠊࠕ᪥ᮏࡢឤぬ࡛ࡣࠊTTA ࡞࡝ࡢᇶ‽ࡢᖏ⌮ᛕ࡜࡞ࡾᚓࡓᕷẸ♫఍ࡢඹྠᛶ࣭♫఍⤫ྜᏑᅾࡣᩍဨ㣴ᡂ࡟ᑐࡍࡿᅜ࡟ࡼࡿ⤫ไ࡜ࡶឤࡌ

ࡣ᪂ࡓ࡞⤫ྜ⌮ᛕ࣭ᵝᘧࢆồࡵ࡞ࡅࢀࡤ࡞ࡽ࡞

ࡽࢀࡿࠋ௚ᅜࡢࡋࡃࡳࢆཧ↷ࡍࡿ㝿ࠊไᗘ㠃ࢆࡃ࡞ࡗ࡚ࡁ࡚࠸ࡿࠋࡇࡢⅬࢆࡼࡾᙉࡃព㆑ࡋ࡞

ṇ☜࡟ᢲࡉ࠼ࡿ࡜࡜ࡶ࡟ࠊࡑࢀࡀࡑࡢᅜ࣭ᆅᇦ

ࡅࢀࡤࠊ1980 ᖺ௦࠿ࡽࠊࡑࢀ௨๓࡜ẚ࡭࡚ࠊ▮࡛࡝ࡢࡼ࠺࡟ᶵ⬟ࡋ࡚࠸ࡿ࠿ࡀ㔜せ࡛࠶ࡿࠖ࡜ࠊ⥅ࡂ᪩࡟㠀ᖖ࡟ከࡃࡢἲつ㸦ࡇࢀ⮬యࡢᮏ㉁ࡣ

ẚ㍑◊✲ࠊእᅜ◊✲࡟࠾ࡅࡿὀពࡍ࡭ࡁᇶᮏⅬᅜᐙ㸻୰ኸᨻᗓ࡟ࡼࡿᙉไຊ࡛࠶ࡿ㸧ࡀไᐃࡉ

ࢆ㏙࡭࡚࠸ࡿࠋࡑࡋ࡚ࠊ
ࠕᇶ‽ࡀᩍဨ㣴ᡂ࡟ᑐࡋࢀ࡚ࡁ࡚࠸ࡿ⌧㇟ࢆぢㄗࡿࡇ࡜࡟࡞ࢁ࠺ࠋ

࡚⤫ไⓗ࡟ാ࠸࡚࠸ࡿࡢ࡛ࡣ࡞࠸࠿ࠖ࡜┦ᙜࡢᅜᐙⓗ⟶⌮㸦୰ኸᨻᗓࡢᙺ๭㸧ࡢ㏣ồࡢ୍㡻◊✲ⓗᐇ㊶ⓗᶒጾࢆ᭷ࡍࡿ࢖ࢠࣜࢫேࡓࡕ࡬ࡢ᣸  ⫋ᴗᩍ⫱ࡢၥ㢟࡟⾜ㄽࢆᡠࡑ࠺ࠋ1965㹼࢖ࣥࢱࣅ࣮࡛ࣗၥ࠺ࡓ࡜ࡁࡢࠕᅇ⟅ࠖࢆࠊ᪥ᮏ

1975 ᖺࡢᮇ㛫ࠊ⥲ྜไ୰➼Ꮫᰯ࡛Ꮫࡪ⏕ᚐࡢẚ࡜࢖ࢠࣜࢫ࡜ࡢࠕᩥ໬ⓗᕪ㐪㸽ࠖ࠿࡜㏙᠜ࡋ࡚

⋡ࡣ 8.5㸣࠿ࡽ 64.3㸣࡬࡜ቑຍࡋࡓࠋ
ࡑࡢ୍᪉࡛ࠊ࠸ࡿࠋヲ⣽ࡣ㧗㔝ㄽᩥࢆ᫝㠀୍ㄞࡋ࡚࠸ࡓࡔࡁ

ࢸࢡࢽ࣭࢝ࣝࢫࢡ࣮ࣝࡢ⏕ᚐࡢẚ⋡ࡣ 3㸣࠿ࡽࡓ࠸ࡀࠊࠕᇶ‽ࡀᏑᅾࡋ࡚ࡶࠊ⏬୍໬࡟┤⤖ࡍࡿ

0.5㸣࡟ῶᑡࡋࠊࡲࡍࡲࡍࢢ࣐࣮ࣛ࡜ࢥࣥࣉࣜ࣊

ࢃࡅ࡛ࡣ࡞࠸ࠊ⮬ศࡓࡕࡣ⏬୍ⓗ࡛ࡣ࡞࠸ࠖࠊࡲ

ࣥࢩࣦ࡟࠾ࡅࡿ㧗➼ᩍ⫱㐍Ꮫࡢ࢔࢝ࢹ࣑ࢵࢡ࣭

ࡓูࡢᅇ⟅࡛ࡣ࣮ࣝࣝ࡜ࡣࡇ࠺࠸࠺ࡶࡢࡔ࡜ࡋ

ࢫࢺ࣮࣒࡛ࣜࡢබṇࡉࡢ㏣ồ࡜࡞ࡗ࡚࠸ࡗࡓࠋ

࡚ࠊ࢖ࢠࣜࢫ࡛ࡣ᭷ྡ࡞ࡇ࡜ࡤࠕ”Rules are forࡇ࠺ࡋ࡚ࠊࢸࢡࢽ࣭࢝ࣝࢫࢡ࣮ࣝࡢᾘ⁛ࡋ࡚࠸the obedience of fools and the guidance of wiseࡃ୰࡛ࠊ࡞࠾࠿ࡘ࢖ࢠࣜࢫ⏘ᴗࡢᚋ㏥࡟༴ᶵឤ

men”㸦࣮ࣝࣝ࡟᭹ᚑࡍࡿࡢࡣហ࠿⪅ࠊ㈼᫂࡞ே

࣮࣭ࢫࢡ࣮ࣝࡀࢥࣥࣉࣜ࣊ࣥࢩࣦ࣭ࢫࢡ࣮ࣝ㸦୕ࢆᢪ࠸࡚ࠊᩍ⫱኱ウ㆟࡟ඛ⾜ࡋ࡚ 1973 ᖺ࡟ேᮦࠊࠊࠊࠊࠊࠊ
㛤Ⓨጤဨ఍㸦MSC)ࡀタ❧ࡉࢀࡓࠋࡇࡇ࡛ࡣࡌࡵ
ࠊࠊࠊࠊࠊࠊࠊࠊࠊࠊࠊࠊࠊࠊࠊࠊࠊࠊࠊࠊࠊ
࡚ࠊᅜᐙࡀ✚ᴟⓗ࡟ປാᕷሙᨻ⟇ࢆᒎ㛤ࡍࡿࡼࠊࠊࠊࠊࠊࠊࠊࠊࠊࠊࠊࠊࠊࠊࠊࠊࠊࠊࠊࠊࠊ
࠺࡟࡞ࡗࡓࡢ࡛࠶ࡿࡀࠊඛ㏙ࡋ࡚ࡁࡓࡼ࠺࡟࢖
ࠊࠊࠊࠊࠊࠊࠊࠊࠊࠊࠊࠊࠊࠊࠊࠊࠊࠊࠊࠊࠊࠊ
ࢠࣜࢫᩍ⫱㡿㔝࡟࠾ࡅࡿఏ⤫ⓗᛮᝳᵝᘧࡢ୰࡛ࠊ
ࠊࠊࠊࠊࠊࠊࠊࠊࠊࠊࠊࠊࠊࠊࠊࠊࠊࠊࠊࠊࠊ
ᩍ⫱⛉Ꮫ┬ࡣ࢖ࣥࢢࣛࣥࢻࡢᩍ⫱ࢩࢫࢸ࣒ࡀᆅ
ࠊࠊࠊࠊࠊࠊࠊࠊࠊࠊࠊࠊࠊࠊࠊࠊࠊࠊࠊࠊࠊ
᪉ศᶒⓗ࡞ࡶࡢ࡛࠶ࡗࡓࡀࡓࡵ࡟ࡇࢀࢆ⤫ᣓࡍࠊࠊࠊࠊࠊࠊࠊࠊࠊࠊࠊࠊࠊࠊࠊࠊࠊࠊࠊ
ࡿࡇ࡜ࡀ࡛ࡁ࡞࠿ࡗࡓࡢࡀ⌧ᐇែ࡛࠶ࡿࠋࡑࡋ

ศ❧ไᏛᰯไᗘࡢ஦ᐇୖࡢࢢ࣐࣮ࣛඃඛࡢ᱁ᕪ

࡚ࠊ⫋ᴗ୺⩏㸦࣎ࢣ࢖ࢩࣙࢼࣜࢬ࣒㸧࡟཯ᑐࡢᛶࢆඞ᭹ࡍࡿࡓࡵ࡟ᡴࡕฟࡉࢀࡓ⥲ྜไᏛᰯ㸧❧ሙ࡟❧ࡘᆅ᪉ᩍ⫱ᙜᒁ࠾ࡼࡧᏛᰯᩍᖌࡣࠊປ

࡟ྲྀࡗ࡚௦ࢃࡿ᪉ྥࢆᙉㄪࡋ࡚ㄽ㏙ࡋࡓࡇ࡜ࡀ

ാᕷሙᨻ⟇ࢆ↓ຠ࡞ࡶࡢ࡜ࡋࡓࡢ࡛࠶ࡿࠋຍ࠼

࠶ࡿࠋࡔࡀỴࡋ࡚ᐇែࡣࡑࡇࡲ࡛⾜࠿ࡎࠊ㸦➹⪅࡚༴ᶵព㆑ࢆឤࡌ࡚࠸ࡿࡣࡎࡢ⏘ᴗ⏺ࡶࠊከࡃ⮬㌟ࡢᛮ៖୙㊊ᨾ࡞ࡢࡔࡀ㸧ᐇ࡟῝࠸യࢆᚰ࡟

ࡢಶࠎࡢ௻ᴗࡣࠊ㧗ᗘ࡞ᢏ⾡㞟✚ᆺࡢ〇ရࢆ⏕㈇ࡗࡓ⤒㦂ࡀ࠶ࡿࠋࡇࡢ࢖ࢠࣜࢫⓗ࡞ࡶࡢࡀࠊ

⏘ࡍࡿ࡟ᚲせ࡞ࠊ᥮ゝࡍࢀࡤࡑ࠺ࡋࡓ▱㆑࣭ᢏ➹⪅ࡣඛ࡟♧ࡋࡓಶே୺⩏ⓗ⮬⏤୺⩏ࡢᛮᝳᵝ⾡ࢆ⩦ᚓࡋࡓປാ⪅⫱ᡂ࡟㈨ᮏࢆᢞ㈨ࡍࡿࡼࡾ

ᘧࠊ⏕άⓗఏ⤫࡟᰿ࡊࡋ࡚࠸ࡿ࡜⪃࠼࡚࠸ࡿࠋ
ࠊࠊࠊࠊࠊࠊࠊࠊࠊࠊࠊࠊࠊࠊࠊࠊࠊࠊࠊࠊࠊ
ࡔࡀࠊࡑ࠺ࡋࡓఏ⤫ࠊ࠾ࡼࡧᅜᐙ࣭ᶒຊᙜᒁࢆ
ࠊࠊࠊࠊࠊࠊࠊࠊࠊࠊࠊࠊࠊࠊࠊࠊࠊࠊࠊࠊࠊ
⤫ไࡍࡿᕷẸ♫఍ࡢᇶ┙ࡢᙉࡉࡣᖖ࡟୙ኚ࡛ࡣ
ࠊࠊ࡞࠸ࠋࢢ࣮ࣟࣂࣜࢬ࣒໬ࠊ᪂⮬⏤୺⩏ࡢᖍᕳࡢࡣ㸦ᢞ㈨㈨ᮏࡢᅇ཰ࡲ࡛࡟┦ᙜ࡞᫬㛫ࢆᚲせ࡜ࡣ࣮ࣝࣝ࡟ຓゝࡍࡿ㸧ࠖࢆ᭩࠸࡚♧ࡉࢀࡓ࡜࠸࠺ࠋ
ࣇࣛࣥࢫࡸࢻ࢖ࢶ࡞࡝࡜ࡣࡲࡓ㐪ࡗ࡚ࠊᐇ࡟࢖
ࢠࣜࢫⓗࡔ࡜ᛮ࠺ࠋἲつ࡟ࡼࡿᇶ‽ࡢᐇ㝿ⓗ㐠⏝㸦ᶵ⬟㸧࡟ࡣつᐃࡉࢀࡓ㏻ࡾ࡛ࡣ࡞ࡃࠊᐇ㊶⌧ሙ࡛ࡢ⮬୺ⓗ࡞㐠⏝ࡀඃ఩࡟ᶵ⬟ࡍࡿࠋ➹⪅⮬㌟ࠊ1980 ᖺᩍ⫱ἲࡢつᐃࢆᣐࡾᡤ࡟ࢢ࣐ࣛ

ࡍࡿ㸧ࠊ฼₶⋓ᚓࢆ▷ᮇⓗ࡟Ỵ῭࡛ࡁࡿࡇ࡜ࢆ㑅ࢇ࡛࠸ࡗࡓࠋࡇ࠺ࡋ࡚ࠊ௻ᴗࠊ࡜ࡾࢃࡅᕤᴗ௻
ᴗ㸦〇㐀⏘ᴗ㸧ࡣ㧗ᗘ࡞ᢏ⾡Ỉ‽ࢆᚲせ࡜ࡋ࡞





➨୍ᕤᴗ኱Ꮫ◊✲ሗ࿌ࠉ➨ྕࠉ ࠸ศ㔝࡟㞟୰ࡍࡿࡇ࡜࡟࡞ࡗࡓࠋ㧗ᗘ࠾ࡼࡧඛ

ෆእ࡛ࡢேᮦ⫱ᡂࢆᙉࡃၥ㢟ᥦ㉳ࡋࡓࠋࡔࡀඛ

➃ᢏ⾡㞟✚ᆺࡢ〇ရ࡟࠾ࡅࡿ࢖ࢠࣜࢫࡢᐇ⦼ࡣ

㏙ࡋࡓࡼ࠺࡟ࠊᏛᰯᩍ⫱ࡢศ㔝ࡣ⫋ᴗᢏ⾡ᩍ⫱೵⁫ࡋࠊ฼₶⋓ᚓࡢ᫬ᮇࢆᚋ࡟ᘏࡤࡍࡇ࡜࡟࡞

࡜஋㞳ࡋࡓ࢔࢝ࢹ࣑ࢵࢡ࡟࠾ࡅࡿㅖᨵ㠉࡟౫↛ࡿ⫋ᴗカ⦎࡬ࡢᢞ㈨ࢆࡼࡾ࠸ࡗࡑ࠺ᅔ㞴࡟ࡋࡓࠋ࡜ࡋ࡚㔜Ⅼࡀ⨨࠿ࢀ࡚࠸ࡓࠋ࢔࢝ࢹ࣑ࢵࢡ࡜⫋ࡇࡢࡇ࡜ࡢඞ᭹ࡣ୰ኸᨻᗓࡢᩍ⫱㡿㔝࡬ࡢ✚ᴟᴗ㈨᱁ࡢ⤫୍ⓗ࡞ᯟ⤌ࡳࡢヨ⾜ࡀ┠ᣦࡉࢀ࡚࠸

ⓗ㛵୚㸦ᖸ΅㸧࡜࡞ࡗ࡚⌧ࢀࡿࡀࠊࡘࡲࡾ㇟ᚩ

ࡃࡀࠊᐇ㝿࡟ࡣࡑ࠺ࡋࡓ⥲ྜⓗ࡞ᩍ⫱ᨵ㠉࡜࠸ⓗ࡟ࡣᚋࡢ㸯㸷㸶㸮ᖺ௦࡟࠾ࡅࡿࢧࢵࢳ࣮ࣕᨻ

࠺ࡼࡾࡣࠊ㟷ᖺࡢ↓ᑵᴗ⪅ၥ㢟㸦ኻᴗᑐ⟇ⓗᥐᶒ࡛ࡢࢼࢩࣙࢼ࣭࣒ࣝ࢝ࣜ࢟ࣗࣛࡢไᐃࠊ฿㐩⨨㸧ࠊ♫఍ⓗ⣣ᖏࡢᙉ໬ࠊ἞Ᏻࡢ⥔ᣢ࡞࡝ࡢᑐ⟇ࢸࢫࢺࡢタᐃࠊࡑࡋ࡚ᇶᮏⓗ࡟ࡣࡑࢀࡽࢆ⥅ᢎ

࡟ᛴ㏿࡟ᨻᗓࡣྲྀࡾ⤌ࡲࡊࡿࢆᚓ࡞࠿ࡗࡓࠋ࡜

ࡋࡓࢽ࣮࣭ࣗࣞ࢖ࣂ࣮ࡢࣈࣞ࢔ᨻᶒୗ࡛ࡢᩍ⫱ࡾࢃࡅࠊ㞳Ꮫࡢ 16 ṓ࠿ࡽ 18 ṓࡲ࡛ࡢ 2 ᖺ㛫ࡣ㛵୚࡛࠶ࡿࠋಖᏲඪ࣭ປാඪࡢ୧ᨻᶒ࡟࡜ࡗ࡚

ኻᴗ⤥௜ࡢᑐ㇟࡟ࡣ࡞ࡽ࡞࠸᫬ᮇ࡛ࠊࢽ࣮ࢺ࣭

ࡢඹ㏻ㄢ㢟࡛࠶ࡗࡓࡢ࡛࠶ࡿࠋ࡜ࡾࢃࡅࣈࣞ࢔

࣮࣒࣍ࣞࢫࡢ㟷ᖺࡢቑ኱ࢆࡶࡓࡽࡋ࡚࠸ࡓࠋࡑ

ᨻᶒୗ࡛ࡣࠊ⏘ᴗ⏺⮬యࡢᢏ⾡㠉᪂᥎㐍࡟ࡼࡿࡇ࡛ࠊᨻᗓࡣᵝࠎ࡞⫋ᴗᩍ⫱ࣉࣟࢢ࣒ࣛࢆᡴࡕ

▱㆑㞟⣙ᆺ⏘ᴗࡢ⫱ᡂ࡟క࠺ࠊࡼࡾ㧗ᗘ࡞ᢏ⾡ฟࡍࡇ࡜࡟࡞ࡿࠋࡇ࠺ࡋࡓࣉࣟࢢ࣒ࣛࡢᐇ᪋ࢆ

ປാ⪅ࡢ㟂せࢆ᥀ࡾ㉳ࡇࡋࠊປാ⪅⫱ᡂ࡟㈨ᮏ

ᘬࡁཷࡅࡿࡢࡀࠊᐇ㉁ⓗ࡟ࠊ௻ᴗࡶྵࡵ࡚⥅⥆ᢞୗࢆಁࡋ࡚࠸ࡗࡓࠋࡇࡢࡇ࡜ࢆⓑᖭ┿⣖ࡣ㸺ᩍ⫱ศ㔝ࡢᩍ⫱ᶵ㛵࡛࠶ࡿࠋ࢖ࢠࣜࢫࡢᩍ⫱ࡢ㟂せ୺ᑟࡢ࢔ࣉ࣮ࣟࢳ㸼࡜ࡋ࡚ศᯒࡋ࡚࠸ࡿ

⣼㐍㐣⛬ࡀึ➼࣭୰➼࣭㧗➼ᩍ⫱࡜㐍ࢇ࡛࠸ࡃ㸦ⓑᖭ┿⣖ࠗ࢖ࢠࣜࢫ࡟࠾ࡅࡿᏛ⩦࡜カ⦎ࡢබඹ⟶⌮ࢩࢫࢸ࣒̿㟂せ୺ᑟ࢔ࣉ࣮ࣟࢳ࡬ࡢ㌿᥮࡜࠸࠺ࡼࡾࡣࠊ୰➼ᩍ⫱ࡢ⿵᏶ࠊ⫋ᴗᩍ⫱࡜࠸ࠊ࠺ព࿡࡛ከࡃࡢ㟷ᖺ࡟࡜ࡗ࡚୰➼ᚋᩍ⫱ࢆ౪⤥̿࠘ࠊ኱Ꮫᩍ⫱ฟ∧ࠊ2015 ᖺ㸧ࠋࡍࡿ⥅⥆ᩍ⫱ࡀ⣼㐍ᩍ⫱㐣⛬ࡢ➨୕ẁ㝵ࢆᢸࡗ࡚࠸ࡓࠋࡶࡕࢁࢇࠊᡂேࢆྵࢇ࡛ࡢ⥅⥆ᩍ⫱࡛➨ 㸰❶ ⫋ᴗᩍ⫱ࡢᢸ࠸ᡭ࡜ᵝࠎ࡞ᨻᗓࣉ
ࣟࢢ࣒ࣛ࠶ࡿࡋࠊᑵᏛᮇ㛫ࡸᖺ㱋ࡶከᵝ࡛࠶ࡿࠋࡑࡋ࡚ࠊ
ࠊࡇࡢ⥅⥆ᩍ⫱ࡢ㡿㔝ࡣ୰➼ᚋᩍ⫱࡜࠸࠺ࣞ࣋ࣝ

 ➨ 1 ⠇  ⥅⥆ᩍ⫱ศ㔝ࡢᙺ๭࡟࡜࡝ࡲࡽࡎࠊෆᐜⓗ࡟ࡣ㧗➼ᩍ⫱ࢆ౪⤥ࡍࡿ⩏ົᩍ⫱⤊஢ᚋࠊ኱Ꮫࢆࡣࡌࡵఱࡽ࠿ࡢព࿡

ࡶࡢࡶ࠶ࡗࡓࠋ

࡛ࡢ㧗➼ᩍ⫱ࢆ┠ᣦࡍ⏕ᚐ௨እࡣࠊ16 ṓ࡛Ꮫᰯࡉ࡚ࠊࡇ࠺ࡋࡓ⥅⥆ᩍ⫱㡿㔝࡛ᘬࡁཷࡅࡓᨻ

ᩍ⫱ࢆ㞳ࢀ࡚㸦㞳Ꮫ㸸⩏ົᩍ⫱⤊஢㸧ࠊ⫋ࢆ㏣ồᗓࡢᥦ㉳ࡋࡓ⫋ᴗᩍ⫱ࣉࣟࢢ࣒ࣛࡀࠊ1978 ᖺ࡟ࡋ࡞ࡃ࡚ࡣ࡞ࡽ࡞࠸ࠋࡔࡀࠊ㈨᱁࡛ಖドࡉࢀࡿᡴࡕฟࡉࢀࡓ YOP㸦㟷ᖺ⫋ᴗᶵ఍ࣉࣟࢢ࣒ࣛ㸧▱㆑ࡶᢏ⾡ࡶࠊࡉࡽ࡟ࡣゝ࠼ࡤᇶ♏ⓗ࡞Ꮫຊࡶ࡛࠶ࡿࠋࡇࢀࡣࠊ㞳Ꮫࡋࡓᮍ㞠⏝ࡢⱝ⪅ࢆᑐ㇟

୙㊊ࡍࡿ㞳Ꮫ⪅ࢆࠊࡑࡢᐇຊ࡜ồࡵࡿ⫋⬟ᢏ⾡࡟ࠊᐇᆅカ⦎ࢆక࠺໅ປయ㦂ࢆᥦ౪ࡋࡓࠋࡋ࠿

ࡢࢽ࣮ࢬ࡟ᛂࡌ࡚ࠊཷࡅ─࡜ࡋ࡚ᘬࡁཷࡅࡓࡢ

ࡋࡇࡢࣉࣟࢢ࣒࡛ࣛࡣࠊ
カ⦎ࡣ▷ᮇ㛫ࡢࡶࡢ࡛ࠊ

ࡀ⥅⥆ᩍ⫱ࡢศ㔝࡛࠶ࡗࡓ㸦ࣇ࢛࣮࣐ࣝ࡞Ꮫᰯ

ᢏ⾡⩦ᚓࡼࡾࡣ࠶ࡃࡲ࡛ࡶࠕయ㦂ࠖࡢᇦࢆฟࡎࠊ

ᩍ⫱እࡢࠊ࠸ࢃࡤᡂேᩍ⫱ࠊ⏕ᾭᩍ⫱ࡢ㡿㔝㸧ࠋ㞠⏝ຊ⫱ᡂ࡜ࡋ࡚ࡣᮇᚅእࢀ࡛࠶ࡗࡓ࡜࠸ࢃࢀ

ᩍ⫱ࡢᶵ㛵࡜ࡋ࡚ࡣࠊ⮬἞యࡢタ❧ࡍࡿ࢝ࣞࢵ

ࡿ㸦Aldcroft, 1992㸧ࠋࡑࡇ࡛ࠊࡇࡢࣉࣟࢢ࣒ࣛ࡟

ࢪ࡛࠶ࡗࡓࡾࠊࡉࡲࡊࡲ࡞⫋ᴗศ㔝࡛⤌⧊ࡉࢀ௦ࢃࡗ࡚ 1983 ᖺ࡟ᥦ㉳ࡉࢀࡿࡢࡀ YTS㸦㟷ᖺⓎᒎࡋ࡚ࡁࡓ⫋ᴗⓗࢠࣝࢻࡢ༠఍࡛࠶ࡗࡓࡾࠊ⫋ᴗカ⦎ィ⏬㸧࡛࠶ࡿࠋYTS ࡣᨻᗓ࠿ࡽࡢ⿵ຓ

௻ᴗࡑࡢࡶࡢ࡛࠶ࡗࡓࡾࡍࡿࠋ

㔠ࢆᚓ࡚ࠊ㞳Ꮫᚋ࡟ᑵᴗࡶᑵᏛࡶࡋ࡚࠸࡞࠸ከ ⏘ᴗⓎᒎ࡬ࡢேᮦࣜࢯ࣮ࢫࡢᙧᡂ࣭⟶⌮࡟ᩘࡢⱝ⪅ࢆ 1980 ᖺ௦ᚋ༙ࡲ࡛ࠊᖺ㛫 40 ୓ே࡯༴ᶵព㆑ࢆぬ࠼ࡓᨻᗓࡣࠊ1973 ᖺ࡟ேᮦ㛤Ⓨጤ࡝㸦ྠୡ௦ேཱྀࡢ 4 ศࡢ 1 ࡟┦ᙜࡍࡿ㸧ࢆཧຍ

ဨ఍㸦MSC)ࢆタ❧ࡋࠊᩍ⫱኱ウ㆟࡛ᩍ⫱ไᗘࡢࡉࡏࡿࡇ࡜࡟࡞ࡗࡓࠋࡑࡋ࡚ࡲࡓࠊYTS ࡣ 1990ᒾᶫ㸸࢖ࢠࣜࢫ࡟࠾ࡅࡿ⫋ᴗᩍ⫱࡜㈨᱁ไᗘᨵ㠉ᖺ࡟ YT㸦㟷ᖺ⫋ᴗカ⦎㸧࡟⛣⾜ࡍࡿࠋࡇࡢ㐣࡟ࠊ⫋ᴗᩍ⫱ࡢಟ஢Ỉ‽࡜ࡑࡢㄆᐃ㈨᱁ࡀᩍ⫱⛬࡟࠾࠸࡚ඹ㏻ࡋ࡚ゝ࠼ࡿࡇ࡜ࡣࠊ⏕⏘ᴗ࡟ࢥᨵ㠉ࡢᐇ㊶ⓗㄢ㢟࡜ࡋ࡚Ⓩሙࡋ࡚ࡃࡿࡇ࡜࡟࡞

࣑ࢵࢺࡍࡿ࡯࡝ࡢ⫋ᴗカ⦎࡛࠶ࡗࡓ࠿࡜࠸࠺ၥ

ࡿࠋࡑࡋ࡚ࠊࡑࡇ࡛ࡣᙜ↛࡟ࠊᚑ᮶ࡢᏛᰯᩍ⫱㢟࡛࠶ࡿࠋࡑࢀࢆ㇟ᚩⓗ࡟♧ࡋ࡚࠸ࡿࡢࡀ YTS

࡟࠾ࡅࡿ㈨᱁࡜ࡢ┦㛵ࡶၥࢃࢀࡿࡇ࡜࡟࡞ࡿࠋ

࡛࠶ࡿࠋୖグ࡟㏙࡭ࡓࡼ࠺࡟ࠊࡓࡋ࠿࡟ᨻᗓࡢ

ࡇࡢၥ㢟ࡣ➨ 3 ❶ࡢ㈨᱁ᨵ㠉ࡢ࡜ࡇࢁ࡛ゐࢀࡿ⿵ຓ㔠ᨭ⤥࡜࠸࠺⫢࠸ࡾ࡛᥎㐍ࡉࢀࡓィ⏬࡛㟷ࡇ࡜࡜ࡋࠊḟ࡟⫋ᴗᢏ⾡ᩍ⫱࣭カ⦎࡜ࡋ࡚Ṕྐᖺࡢᮍ㞠⏝⪅ࢆ┦ᙜ࡟ῶࡽࡋࡓࡓ࡜࠸ࢃࢀࡿࡀࠊ

ⓗ࡞ᙺ๭ࢆᢸࡗ࡚ࡁࡓࠊᚐᘵไᗘ࡟ࡘ࠸࡚ᑡࡋ

ᙼࡽࡢከࡃࡣ⾜ᨻࠊ஦ົࠊᑠ኎ࡾᴗ✀࡛カ⦎ࡉࡃゐࢀ࡚࠾ࡇ࠺ࠋ

ࢀࠊࡑ࠺ࡋࡓศ㔝࡛㞠⏝ࡢᶵ఍ࢆᚓ࡚࠸ࡗࡓࡢ
ࠊࠊࠊࠊࠊࠊࠊࠊࠊࠊࠊࠊࠊ
࡛࠶ࡿࠋࡘࡲࡾࠊᕤᏛࡸ〇㐀㛵ಀศ㔝ࡢᢏ⾡⩦ࠊࠊࠊࠊࠊࠊࠊࠊࠊࠊࠊࠊࠊࠊࠊࠊࠊࠊࠊࠊࠊ
ᚓ࡟ཧຍࡋࡓࡢࡣ 1 ๭వ࡛࠶ࡾࠊᩍ⫱኱ウ㆟ࢆ
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ᥦ㉳ࡏࡊࡿࢆᚓ࡞࠿ࡗࡓ࢖ࢠࣜࢫ⏘ᴗࠊ࡜ࡾࢃ
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ࡅ〇㐀ᴗࡢ⾶㏥࡟ᑐࡍࡿ༴ᶵឤࡣᣔ࠸ࡁࢀ࡞࠸
ࠊࠊࠊࠊࠊࠊ
ࡲࡲ࡛࠶ࡗࡓࠋᚋࡢᏛᰯᩍ⫱ࡢሙ࡟࠾ࡅࡿ⛉Ꮫ ➨ 2 ⠇ ⫋ᴗᢏ⾡ᩍ⫱࣭カ⦎࡜ᚐᘵᩍ⫱ᚐᘵไᗘ㸦apprentice system㸧࡜ࡣࠊࡑࡢῡ※ࡣ୰ୡ࣮ࣚࣟࢵࣃࡢ㒔ᕷ࡟࠾ࡅࡿࢠࣝࢻࡢෆ㒊࡛ࠊᚋ⥅⪅ࡢ㣴ᡂ࡜ᢏ⾡ⓗカ⦎ࢆ⾜࠺ࡓࡵ࡟ࠊ
ࡲࡓྠ᫬࡟⫋ᴗⓗ฼┈ࢆᏲࡿࡓࡵ࡟Ꮡᅾࡋࡓไ
ᗘ࡟ࡲ࡛⾜ࡁ╔ࡃࠋࡇࡇ࡛ࡢぶ᪉̿⫋ே̿ᚐᘵᢏ⾡ᩍ⫱࡛ࡢၥ㢟࡟ࡶ⌧ࢀࡿࡇ࡜ࡔࡀࠊᐇ㦂ᐊ㸦ぢ⩦࠸㸧࡜࠸࠺㝵⤫⛛ᗎ(ࣄ࢚ࣛࣝࣄ࣮)ࡣぶࡸᶵᲔタഛࡢ඘ᐇ࡞࡝ࡢ᮲௳ᩚഛࡸᩍ⫱ࢫࢱࢵ᪉ࡢ⤯ᑐⓗ࡞ᶒຊ࡟ࡼࡗ࡚⤫ไࡉࢀࡿࡶࡢࡔࡀࠊ

ࣇࡢ඘ᐇ࡞࡝ࡀ୙༑ศ࡞ࡲࡲ࡛࠶ࡗࡓࠋࡋ࠿ࡶࡑࢀࡣぶ᪉ࠊୖ఩⪅ࡢ⏕⏘ᢏ⾡ࡢ᏶ᡂᗘ࣭⇍㐩ᑵᏛᮇ㛫ࡀ 1 ᖺ࡛ࡣࠊᕤసᢏ⾡ࡸᕤᴗᑓ㛛ᢏ⾡ᗘ࡟⿬ᡴࡕࡉࢀࡓࡶࡢ࡛ࠊᩍ⫱㸦Ꮫ⩦㸧┠ᶆ࡜ࡢ⩦ᚓ࡟ࡣ࠶ࡲࡾ࡟ࡶ᫬㛫୙㊊࡛࠶ࡗࡓࠋࡇࢀ

࠸࠺ᛶ᱁ࢆ୍᪉࡟ᣢࡗ࡚࠸ࡓࡇ࡜ࡣぢⴠ࡜ࡉࢀࡽࡢㅖ᪋⟇ࡢ⫼ᬒ࡟ࡣࠊ⤒῭୙ἣࡢ୰࡛ࠕ୙‶࡚ࡣ࡞ࡽ࡞࠸ࠋࡶࡕࢁࢇࡇࡢ㠃ࡀ࠸ࡘࡶࣉࣛࢫ

ࡢ෤ࠖ࡜࠸ࢃࢀࡓ 1979 ᖺ࡟ࡳࡿኻᴗ࡜♫఍୙Ᏻ࡟స⏝ࡍࡿࢃࡅ࡛ࡶ࡞ࡃࠊୗ఩⪅㸦⫋ேࠊᚐᘵ㸧࡬ࡢᑐ⟇ࡀᛴࢆせࡍࡿ஦ែࡀ࠶ࡗࡓࡇ࡜ࡣྰࡵ

ࡢ⮬୺ᛶࡸពᅗࢆ↓どࡋ࡚ᙉᶒⓗ࡟௓ධࡋࠊே

࡞࠸ࠋࡇ࠺ࡋ࡚ 1970 ᖺ௦ᮎ࠿ࡽ 80 ᖺ௦࡟࠾ࡅ᱁↓どࡢ㞔ᚑࢆᙉ࠸ࠊᩍ⫱࣭カ⦎ࡢᯟࢆ㉸࠼ࠊࡿ⫋ᴗᩍ⫱ࣉࣟࢢ࣒ࣛࡣࠊ⏕⏘ᴗࢆ୰ᚰ࡟⏘ᴗ⚾஦ࡢ஦᯶࡟ࡇࡁ౑ࢃࢀ࡚࠸ࡃ࡜࠸࠺ࡇ࡜ࡀ㉳ᢏ⾡ࡢᨵၿࠊປാ⪅ࡢ⫱ᡂࢆ┠ᣦࡋ࡞ࡀࡽࡶࠊ

ࡇࡽ࡞࠿ࡗࡓ࡜ࡣゝ࠼࡞࠸㠃ࡶ࠶ࡿࠋࡓࡔ඲య

᰿ᮏⓗ㛗ᮇⓗ࡞ᢏ⾡ᩍ⫱ᨵ㠉ࢆ⥅⥆ⓗ࡟᥎㐍ࡋ࡜ࡋ࡚ࠊ⫋ே࡜ࡋ࡚ࡢᢏ⾡⬟ຊࡢ㣴ᡂ࡜ே᱁ᙧ

࡚࠸ࡃ࡜࠸࠺ࡼࡾࡣࠊࡸࡣࡾ▷ᮇⓗ࡟฼₶⋓ᚓᡂ࡟኱ࡁࡃ㈉⊩ࡋ࡚ࡁࡓࡇ࡜ࡣ஦ᐇ࡛࠶ࡿࠋேࡢỴ῭ࡀྍ⬟࡞ศ㔝࡟ࠊ⤖ᯝⓗ࡟ࡣኻᴗᑐ⟇࡜᱁ᙧᡂ࡜࠸࠺Ⅼ࡛ࡣࠊぶ᪉ࡢᡤ࡬ఫࡳ㎸ࡳࠊ୍ࡋ࡚࡜ࡾ࠶࠼ࡎᑵᴗࡉࡏࡿ࡜࠸࠺ഃ㠃ࡢᙉ࠸ࡶ⯡ⓗ࡟ࡣ 10㹼16 ṓࡢᩘᖺ㛫ࠊᐷ㣗ࢆඹ࡟ࡋ࡚඲

ࡢ࡛࠶ࡗࡓࠋ

ேⓗ࡟⸅㝡ࢆཷࡅࡿ㐣⛬࡛࠶ࡾࠊ〇సရࢆㄆࡵ

Ꮫᰯᩍ⫱ศ㔝࡟࠾࠸࡚ࡶ TVEI㸦ᢏ⾡࣭⫋ᴗࡽࢀ࡚ࠕぶ᪉ࠖ࡜ࡋ࡚⊂ࡾ❧ࡕࡋ࡚࠸ࡃࠋᏛᰯᩍ⫱ヨ⾜㸧࡜࠸࠺ࣉࣟࢢ࣒ࣛࡀ 1983 ᖺ࡟ጞࡲࡾࠊ

ᩍ⫱ไᗘ࡜ࡢ㛵ࢃࡾ࡛࠸࠼ࡤࠊึ➼ࡣ࡜ࡶ࠿ࡃ

ᕤᴗ⣔ᢏ⾡㛵㐃࡞࡝࡟ྲྀࡾ⤌ࡴᏛᰯࣉࣟࢪ࢙ࢡ

࡜ࡋ࡚ࠊ࡯࡜ࢇ࡝↓㛵ಀ࡟♫఍ⓗ࡟⮬❧ࡋ࡚࠸ࢺ࡟⿵ຓࢆᥦ౪ࡍࡿࡀࠊࡇࢀࡣ࠶ࡃࡲ࡛ࡶ࢔ࢻ

ࡃ㐨➽࡛࠶ࡗࡓ࡜ゝ࠼ࡼ࠺ࠋ࣍ࢵࢡ࡞௻⏬࡛ࠊ࣒࢝ࣜ࢟ࣗࣛ࡜ࡋ࡚఩⨨࡙ࡅࡔࡀࠊࡇ࠺࠸ࡗࡓ㐨➽࡟኱ࡁ࡞ኚ㠉ࡀ㉳ࡇࡗࡽࢀࡓࡶࡢ࡛ࡣ࡞ࡃࠊఱࡽ࠿ࡢ㈨᱁࡜ࡋ࡚࣮࢜

࡚ࡃࡿࡢࡀࠊࣛࢵࢲ࢖ࢺ㐠ື㸦࢖ࢠࣜࢫ⏘ᴗ㠉ࢯࣛ࢖ࢬࡉࢀࡓࡶࡢ࡛ࡶ࡞࠿ࡗࡓࠋࡇࢀ࡛ࡣ⫋࿨ᮇࡢᶵᲔᡴࡕࡇࢃࡋ㐠ື㸧࡟ぢࡿࡼ࠺࡟ࠊ1800

ᴗ‽ഛ࡜ࡋ࡚ࡢᢏ⾡ᩍ⫱࡟ࡣ࡯࡝㐲ࡃࠊ⏕ᚐࡢᖺ௦ࡢ๓༙ࠊ࢖ࢠࣜࢫࡢ⏕⏘ᴗ࡟⏘ᴗ㠉࿨ࡀ㣕⯆࿡ᮏ఩࡜ཷㅮࡢవ⿱࡟ᕥྑࡉࢀࠊᑵᴗ࡬ࡢࢫ

㌍ⓗ࡟㐍⾜ࡋࠊᢏ⾡㠉᪂࡜ᕤሙ࡬ࡢᶵᲔᑟධࡢ

ࢸࢵࣉ࡟࡞ࡽ࡞࠿ࡗࡓࠋࡇ࠺࠸࠺㐣⛬ࢆ⤒࡚ḟ㐍ᒎ࡛࠶ࡿࠋࡑࡋ࡚ࠊ࢖ࢠࣜࢫ୰㒊࣭໭㒊ࡢᡭ

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➨୍ᕤᴗ኱Ꮫ◊✲ሗ࿌ࠉ➨ྕࠉ ᕤᴗ⪅ࡓࡕࡀ⏕άⱞࡸኻᴗࡢཎᅉࢆᢏ⾡㠉᪂࡜ࡿ࠿ࡀ≉࡟ồࡵࡽࢀࡿㄢ㢟࡜ࡋ࡚Ꮡᅾࡍࡿࠋࡉ

ᶵᲔᑟධ࡟ࡼࡿࡶࡢ࡜ࡋ࡚㉳ࡇࡋࡓࠋࡍ࡞ࢃࡕ
ࡢ࣐ࢽࣗ࢔ࣝ⏕⏘ࡢᢏ⾡ࢆࠊᮍ⇍⦎࣭༙⇍⦎ࡢࡽ࡟ࠕ኎ࢀࡿࠖࡇ࡜ࡀ┤᥋࡟✺ࡁࡘࡅࡽࢀ࡞࠸
ࠊࠊࠊࠊࠊࠊࠊࠊࠊࠊࠊࠊࠊࠊࠊ
ࡇ࡜࠿ࡽࡃࡿᕤస㐣⛬࡟࠾ࡅࡿ᪋タࠊタഛ࣭ഛࠊࠊࠊࠊࠊࠊࠊࠊࠊࠊࠊࠊࠊࠊࠊࠊࠊࠊ
ရࡢ⪁ᮙ໬ࡢᨺ⨨㸦࡟࡞ࡾࡸࡍ࠸ࡇ࡜㸧࡟࠸࠿ປാຊ࡜ᶵᲔ࡜ࡀ⏕⏘ࡢ᏶ᡂᗘ࡜㔞ࢆ෽㥙ࡋ࡚࡟ᑐฎࡍࡿ࠿ࡶព㆑ⓗ࡟㏣ồࡉࢀࡿᚲせࡀ࠶ࢁ࠸ࡃࡢ࡛࠶ࡿࠋࡇ࠺ࡋ࡚ࠊ⏕⏘ᴗࡢ㏆௦໬࡟క࠺ࠋᣦᑟࡢᩍဨ࣭ࢫࢱࢵࣇࡢᢏ㔞࣭㈨㉁ࡶᐇ㊶

ࡗ࡚ᚐᘵไࡣ୍⯡࡟⾶㏥ࡋ࡚࠸ࡃࡀࠊࡍ࡭࡚ࡢ

ࢀࡤࠊᶵᲔ໬ࡋᚓ࡞࠸ᕤ⛬ࡶṧࡿࠋࡲࡓ⏕⏘ᕤ࡟๎ࡋ࡚ၥࢃࢀࡿࡇ࡜ࡶ⮬ぬࡉࢀࡿᚲせࡀ࠶ࡿࠋࠊࠊࠊࠊࠊࠊࠊࠊࠊࠊࠊࠊࠊࠊࠊࠊࠊࠊࠊ
ࡉ࡚ࠊ୍␒ᚲせ࡜ᛮࢃࢀࡿࡇ࡜ࡣࠊ⏕ᚐࡢᢏ⾡࣭ࠊࠊࠊࠊࠊࠊࠊࠊࠊࠊࠊࠊࠊࠊࠊࠊࠊࠊࠊࠊࠊ
⬟ຊ⩦ᚓ࡟ᗙᏛ௨እࡢᐇᢏᐇ⩦࡟࡝ࢀࡔࡅ༑ศ
ࠊࠊࠊࠊࠊࠊࠊࠊࠊࠊࠊࠊࠊࠊࠊࠊࠊࠊࠊࠊࠊ
࡞᫬㛫ࢆ඘ᙜࡍࡿࡇ࡜ࡀ࡛ࡁࡿ࠿࡜࠸࠺ၥ㢟࡛ࠊࠊ࠶ࡿࠋࡇ࠺ࡋࡓㅖⅬࢆ⥲ྜⓗ࡟☜ಖࡋ࡚ࡁࡓࡢ

⛬ࡢࡑࢀࡒࢀࡢ⟶⌮࡜ᶵᲔ㐠⏝ࡶேࡢᡭ࡟ࡼࡿ

ࡀᚐᘵᩍ⫱ࡔࡗࡓࡢ࡛࠶ࡿࠋ

ぶ᪉̿⫋ே̿ᚐᘵ㸦ぢ⩦࠸㸧࡜࠸࠺ᩍ⫱࣭カ⦎〇㐀ศ㔝ࠊ〇㐀ᕤ⛬࡟࠾࠸࡚ࠊᶵᲔࡀே㛫ࢆ㥑
㏲ࡋࡓࢃࡅ࡛ࡣ࡞࠸ࠋ⏕⏘㐣⛬࡟࠾࠸࡚ᑟධࡋ
࠺ࡿᶵᲔࡢⓎ᫂࡜ᑟධࡢ୍⯡໬࡟ࡣ᫬㛫ᕪࡶ࠶ࡶࡢ࡛࠶ࡿࠋ☜࠿࡟୍ேࡢே㛫ࡀࡍ࡭࡚ࡢ〇సࡶࡕࢁࢇᨵၿࡋ࡞ࡅࢀࡤ࡞ࡽ࡞࠸㠃ࡀከࠎᕤ⛬ࢆ⤒࡚᏶ᡂࡉࡏࡿ࡜࠸࠺࣐ࢽࣗࣇ࢓ࢡࢳࣗ

࠶ࡿࡋࠊఱࡼࡾࡶࡑࢀࡒࢀࡢ⏘ᴗศ㔝࡟࠾࠸࡚ࠊ

࢔⏕⏘ࡣᶵᲔᑟධ࡜㏆௦໬࡟ࡼࡗ࡚⤊ࢃࡾࢆ㐙ࡑࡢ➇தຊ㏣ồࡢ㐣⛬࡛ᑟධࡉࢀࡿ᪂ᢏ⾡ࠊປࡆࡿࡀࠊ௒ᗘࡣ〇ရసᡂ࡟࠾ࡅࡿᶵᲔ࠾ࡼࡧᕤ

ാ෌⦅࡞࡝࡞࡝࡟኱ࡁࡃᕥྑࡉࢀࠊᚑ᮶ࡢᶍᨃ

స㐨ලࡢ㐠⏝࡜⩦⇍ࡀே㛫࡟せㄳࡉࢀࡿࡇ࡜࡟

ࠕᚐᘵᩍ⫱࣭カ⦎ࠖࡢᗫᲠ࣭⾶㏥ࠊゎ㞠ࡢ៧ࡁ࡞ࡿࠋࡇࡢ㠃ࡢᩍ⫱࣭カ⦎ࡀࠊࡑࢀࡒࢀࡢ⏘ᴗ┠࡟᭚ࡉࢀࡿࡇ࡜ࡀ㉳ࡇࡗ࡚ࡃࡿࠋࡇ࠺ࡋࡓせศ㔝࡟ཧධࡋ࡚ࡃࡿᮍ⇍⦎࣭༙⇍⦎ࡢປാ⪅࡟ᅉࡢ୰࡛ࠊ1960 ᖺ௦௨㝆ࠊ࢖ࢠࣜࢫ࡛ࡣᚐᘵไ

ぶ᪉̿⫋ே̿ᚐᘵࡢࢩࢫࢸ࣒࡟ᶍࡋࡓ⣣ᖏ࣭⟶

ᗘࡀ⾶㏥ࡋ࡚࠸ࡃࡇ࡜࡟࡞ࡿࡀࠊỴᐃⓗ࡟࡞ࡿ⌮㛵ಀ࡛⾜ࢃࢀࡿᙧࢆ࡜ࡗ࡚⏕ࡁṧࡗࡓࠋぶ᪉ࡢࡀ 1980 ᖺ௦࢖ࢠࣜࢫⅣ㖔⤌ྜࡢࢫࢺࣛ࢖࢟

ࡣࡶࡣࡸ㞠࠸୺࡛ࡣ࡞࠸ࡺ࠼ࠊ࠿ࡘ࡚ࡢࠕᶒຊࠖ

ࡀࢧࢵࢳ࣮ࣕ࡜ࡢ஺΅ࡢ୰࡛◚ࢀࡓࡇ࡜࡛࠶ࡗ

⪅࡛ࡣࡶࡣࡸ࡞࠸ࠋぢ⩦ࡗ࡚⩦⇍ࡍ࡭ࡁᢏ⾡࣭ࡓࠋࡍ࡞ࢃࡕࠊ࢖ࢠࣜࢫປാ⪅ࡣᚑ᮶ࡢ㞠⏝㛵ᢏ⬟ࡢᑛᩗࡍ࡭ࡁᑐ㇟⪅࡛࠶ࡾࠊ฿㐩┠ᶆࡢලಀ࣭⏘ᴗ࡬ࡢཧධ࣮ࣝࢺ㸦ྵᚐᘵไᗘ㸧ࡢᗊㆤ⌧⪅࡛࠶ࡗࡓࠋࡇࡢព࿡࡛ࠊᏛᰯᩍ⫱㸦ไᗘ㸧ࢆኻ࠺ࡇ࡜࡟࡞ࡗࡓࠋࡇࡇ࠿ࡽ⏘ᴗࡢ▱㆑㞟⣙࡟࠾ࡅࡿᩍᖌ࡜ྠࡌࡃࠊ⏕⏘ᕤሙࡢሙ࡛ࡢࠕᩍ

ᆺࡢ⌧௦໬㊰⥺㸦ࣔࢲࢼ࢖ࢮ࣮ࢩࣙࣥ㸧࡜Ꮫᰯᖌ࡛ࠖ࠶ࡗࡓࠋࡉࡽ࡟ࠊ࠿ࡘ࡚ࡢぶ᪉ࡀูഃ㠃ᩍ⫱ࠊ⥅⥆ᩍ⫱ࡢሙ࡛ࡢ࡜ࡾࢃࡅᨻᗓᥦ㉳ࡢ⫋࡜ࡋ࡚᭷ࡋ࡚࠸ࡓ✚ᴟⓗ࣭ᶒຊⓗ௓ධ࡜୙ྍศ

ᴗᩍ⫱ࣉࣟࢢ࣒ࣛࡢ௦᭰ⓗᑟධ࡟ࡼࡗ࡚ࠊ⫋ᴗ࡟ేࡏᣢࡗ࡚࠸ࡓᗊㆤ⪅ࡢഃ㠃ࢆᙉࡃ⥅ᢎࡋ࡚ᩍ⫱࣭カ⦎ࡢᢸ࠸ᡭ࡜ࡋ࡚ࡢᚐᘵไᗘࡀ⏝῭ࡳ࠸ࡃࡢ࡛࠶ࡿ㸦ࣃࢱ࣮ࢼࣜࢬ࣒㸧ࠋࡓࡋ࠿࡟ࠊึ
ࠊ➼ᚋᩍ⫱࡜ࡋ࡚ࡢከᵝ࡞ᢏ⾡Ꮫᰯ࡜ࡑࡢ୰➼ᩍ࡜ࡉࢀ࡚࠸ࡃࡢ࡛࠶ࡿࠋ

⫱໬࡜࠸࠺Ꮫᰯᩍ⫱ไᗘࡢⓎᒎࡀ୍᪉࡛㏣ồࡉ࠶ࡿࠋᏊ࡝ࡶ࣭㟷ᖺ࡟㛵ࡋ࡚ࡣࠊࡑࡢᖺ㱋⠊ᅖࢀࡿࡀࠊ㛗࠸ᖺ᭶ࢆ⤒࡚⏘ᴗ㠉࿨ࡀ㐍⾜ࡋࠊࡑࡀ 10㹼18 ṓ࡜࠸࠺ࡢࡀᚐᘵไᗘ࡛ࡢ୍⯡ⓗ࡞ࢀ࡟క࠸࡞ࡀࡽࡑࢀࡒࢀࡢ⏘ᴗศ㔝࡛෌ᵓ⠏ࡉᑐ㇟࡛࠶ࡿࠋࡇࡢᖺ㱋ࡢ࢔࢝ࢹ࣑ࢵࢡᚿྥ࡛࡞

ࢀ࡚ࡁࡓᚐᘵᩍ⫱ࠊࡑࡢඃࢀࡓ⫋ᴗᩍ⫱࣭カ⦎࠸ⱝ⪅ࢆᚐᘵⓗ࡟⏘ᴗ♫఍࡟ཧධࡍࡿࡢࢆຓࡅࠊ

ࡢᙺ๭ࡣ㍍どࡉࢀ࡚ࡣ࡞ࡽ࡞࠸ࠋ࡜ࡾࢃࡅࠊᏛ

⤖ᯝⓗ࡟⮬❧ࡉࡏ࡚ࡁࡓࡢࡣ㸦㧗⤥࡛࡞࠸࡟ࡋ

ᰯᩍ⫱ࡢ⫋ᴗᩍ⫱࣭カ⦎࡟࠾࠸࡚ႏ㉳ࡋ࡞ࡅࢀ࡚ࡶ⮬❧࡛ࡁࡿࡔࡅࡢ㈤㔠ࢆ⋓ᚓࡉࡏ࡚ࡁࡓࡢ

ࡤ࡞ࡽ࡞࠸ࡢࡣࠊࡑࡢሙࡀ┤᥋࡟ၟရ࡜ࡋ࡚ࡢ

ࡣ㸧ࠊാࡁ᪉ࡢ᧦ㆤࢆྵࡵ࡚ࡑࢀࡒࢀࡢ⏘ᴗศ㔝⏕⏘ရࡢ〇㐀࡛ࡣ࡞࠸࡜࠸࠺ࡇ࡜࡛࠶ࡿࠋࡺ࠼

࡟࠾ࡅࡿປാ⤌ྜ࡛࠶ࡗࡓࠋ≉࡟♫఍ⓗୖ᪼ࢆ࡟సᴗ࡟࠾ࡅࡿ⥭ᙇ࡜㈐௵࡜㄂ࡾࢆ࡝࠺⥔ᣢࡍ⮳ୖ┠ⓗ࡜ࡏࡎࠊఏ⤫ⓗ࡞ඹྠⓗ♫఍࡛ே⏕ࢆࡔࡀ㖭グࡋ࡚࠾࠿࡞ࡅࢀࡤ࡞ࡽ࡞࠸ࡇ࡜ࡀ

ᒾᶫ㸸࢖ࢠࣜࢫ࡟࠾ࡅࡿ⫋ᴗᩍ⫱࡜㈨᱁ไᗘᨵ㠉ாཷࡍࡿ⏕ࡁ᪉ࢆಖ㞀ࡋ࡚࠸ࡓࡢ࡛࠶ࡿࠋࡇ࠺

࡟ၥ㢟ゎỴ୍⯡࡟㈨ࡍࡿࡶࡢ࡜࡞ࡗࡓ࠘

ࡋࡓ஦᝟ࢆ➹⪅ࡣᏛᰯᩍ⫱ไᗘ࡟࠾ࡅࡿ⣼㐍ไ(Smithers and Robinson, 1992)ࠋ ᐇ㝿࡟➹グ⏝ලࡢᙉ໬࡟㛵㐃ࡋ࡚ḟࡢࡼ࠺࡟ㄝ᫂ࡋࡓ㸦ࠕᩍ⫱ไධࢀࢆ〇సࡍࡿ௦ࢃࡾ࡟ࠊ⏕ᚐࡓࡕࡣࡑࡢㄢ㢟ᗘᨵ㠉ࠖࠊᡄ⬟㏻ཌ⦅ⴭࠗ⌧௦࢖ࢠࣜࢫἲ஦඾࠘

࡟࠸࠿࡟ྲྀࡾ⤌ࢇࡔ࠿࡟ࡘ࠸࡚グ㏙ࡍࡿࡇ࡜ࡀ

᪂ୡ♫ 2003 ᖺ㸧ࠋせồࡉࢀࡓ̿ㄢ㢟ࡑࢀ⮬యࡣ㐩ᡂࡉࢀ࡞࠸ࡲࡲ

ࠕ㧗➼ᩍ⫱ᣑ኱ࡢᨻ⟇ⓗ⫼ᬒ࡟ࡣࠊᢏ⾡㠉࡛࠶ࡗࡓࠋࢫ࣑ࢨ࣮ࢫ࡜ࣟࣅࣥࢯࣥࡣࠊ࠿ࡘ࡚

᪂࡜㞠⏝㛵ಀࡢ㏆௦໬ࡀ࢖ࢠࣜࢫࡢ⤒῭ᡂ㛗࡟ࡢୗ⣭ᢏ⾡Ꮫᰯࡀࡑ࠺࡛࠶ࡗࡓࡼ࠺࡟ࠊࡋ࠿ࡿ

୙ྍḞ࡛࠶ࡿ࡜ࡢㄆ㆑ࡀᏑᅾࡋ࡚࠸ࡓ㸦1956 ᖺ

࡭ࡁ㈨᱁ࢆᣢࡗࡓᩍᖌࡢᣦᑟࡢୗ࡟ᕤసᐊ࡛⾜ⓑ᭩ࠗᢏ⾡ᩍ⫱㸦Technical Education㸧࠘㸧ࠋࡔࡀࠊࢃࢀࡿᐇ⩦ࢆక࠺ࠊࠗࢹࢨ࢖ࣥ࡜〇స࠾ࡼࡧࡶ

ࡇ࠺ࡋࡓ⤒῭ⓗせㄳࡣࠊ᏶඲㞠⏝ࢆ୰᰾࡜ࡍࡿ

ࡢ࡙ࡃࡾࡢయ⣔࡟࠿࠿ࢃࡿࡶࡢ࠘࡜᫂☜࡟ᐃ⩏ᡓᚋ⚟♴ᅜᐙయไୗ࡛ࠊ㝵ᒙࡈ࡜࡟ఏ⤫ⓗ⏘ᴗࡉࢀࡿᢏ⾡⛉࡟௒ࡍࡄ❧ࡕᖐࡿ࡭ࡁࡔ࡜୺ᙇࡋ

♫఍࡬ࡢཧධࡀ♫఍ⓗ࡟ᶵ⬟ࡋ࡚࠸ࡿ㝈ࡾ࡛ࡣࠊࡓࠋࠖ   ᩍ⫱ᨻ⟇࡜ࡾࢃࡅ୰➼ᩍ⫱௨ୗࡢᏛᰯᨻ⟇࡟ࡣࡉ࡚ࠊᚐᘵไࡀ⾶㏥ࡋ࡚ࡁ࡚࠸ࡿ⌧ἣ࡟࠾࠸ࡑࢀ࡯࡝኱ࡁ࡞࢖ࣥࣃࢡࢺ࡜ࡣ࡞ࡾ࠼࡞࠿ࡗࡓࠋ

࡚ࠊ࢔࢝ࢹ࣑ࢵࢡᚿྥࢆ࣓࢖ࣥࢫࢺ࣮࣒ࣜ࡟ࡋ

ᴫࡋ࡚ゝ࠼ࡤࠊ1970 ᖺࡲ࡛ࡢᩍ⫱ᨻ⟇࡜⫋ᴗカࡓ࠺࠼࡛ࡢᏛᰯᩍ⫱ไᗘᨵ㠉ࡣࠊୖ⣭ᰯࢆ┠ᣦ⦎ᨻ⟇ࡣ஋㞳ࡋ࡚࠸ࡓ࡜࠸࠼ࡼ࠺ࠋࡔࡀࠊ1973ࡋ࡚ࡢ➇தࡢ୰࡛ࡢᡂ⦼㐩ᡂ୺⩏࡟ㄡࡶࡀᖹ➼ᖺ࡟࣐ࣥࣃ࣮࣡ࢧ࣮ࣅࢫጤဨ఍ࡀタ⨨ࡉࢀࠊ㞠࡟ຍࢃࡿ(࢖ࣦ࢛ࣥࣝࣈ࣓ࣥࢺ)ࡇ࡜ࡀ࡛ࡁࡿ࡜

⏝ᑐ⟇஦ᴗࡢ୍⎔࡜ࡋ࡚⫋ᴗ⤂௓ࢧ࣮ࣅࢫ࡜ྜ

࠸࠺ࠕබṇࠖ࡟⤖ᯝࡍࡿࠋࡑࡇ࡛ࡣ⬺ⴠࡍࡿࡇࢃࡏ࡚⫋ᴗカ⦎ࢧ࣮ࣅࢫࡀᩚഛࡉࢀࡿࠋࡑࡋ࡚

࡜ࡣ⮬ᕫ㈐௵࡛࠶ࡿࠋࡲࡓࠊࡓ࡜࠼ᙉㄪࡉࢀࡼ

ᩍ⫱࡟ࡶ࢟ࣕࣜ࢔࣭࢞࢖ࢲࣥࢫࢆጞࡵከᵝ࡞⫋࠺࡜ࡶࠊ⫋ᴗᢏ⾡ᩍ⫱ࡣୗ఩࡟఩⨨࡙ࡃࢧࣈࢫ

ᴗཬࡧᢏ⾡ᩍ⫱⛉┠ࡀᑟධࡉࢀࡿࠖ
㸦254 㡫㸧ࠋࢺ࣮࣒࡛ࣜ࠶ࡿࠋࡍ࡞ࢃࡕ୰➼ᩍ⫱ẁ㝵࡛ࡢබၥ㢟ࡣᑟධࡉࢀࡓ⫋ᴗཬࡧᢏ⾡ᩍ⫱⛉┠ࡢṇࡢ㏣ồࡣ࢔࢝ࢹ࣑ࢵࢡࡢ࣮ࣝࢺ㸦᪥ᮏ࡛࠸࠼

ᐇែ࡛࠶ࡿࠋ⤖ᯝⓗ࡟ࡣࠊᚋࡢ 1988 ᖺᩍ⫱ᨵ㠉

ࡤࠕᬑ㏻⛉ࠖ೫㔜࡛ࡢୖ⣭ᰯ㐍Ꮫ࣮ࣝࢺ㸧ࡢࡳἲ࡛ᑟධࡉࢀࡿࢼࢩࣙࢼ࣭࣒࡛ࣝ࢝ࣜ࢟ࣗࣛࡢ
ࠊࠊࠊࠊࠊࠊࠊࠊ
ᢏ⾡ᩍ⫱ࡀ㝗ࡗࡓ㐣ࡕ࡜ྠࡌᐇయ㦂㍍ど࡟࡞ࡗࠊࠊࠊࠊࠊࠊࠊࠊࠊࠊࠊࠊࠊࠊࠊࠊ
࡚ࠊ᭷ຠ࡞ࡶࡢ࡟ࡣ࡞ࡾ࠼࡞࠿ࡗࡓࠋ㠀ᖖ࡟ศ࡛ᯝࡓࡉࢀࡿࡶࡢ࡛ࡣ࡞ࡃࠊ⫋ᴗᩍ⫱ࡢ࣮ࣝࢺ࠿ࡾࡸࡍ࠸㝗✶ࡢ౛࡜ࡋ࡚ࠊ࣐࢖ࢣ࣭ࣝࢧࣥࢲ

໬ࡉࢀ࡞࠸ࡼ࠺࡟ࠊᑵᴗ࡜ࡑࡢᚋࡢ♫఍ⓗᆅ఩࣮ࢯࣥࡀࢫ࣑ࢨ࣮ࢫ࡜ࣟࣅࣥࢯࣥࡢศᯒࢆᘬࡁ

⋓ᚓࡢࡓࡵࡢࢳࣕࣞࣥࢪࡢබṇࡉࡀ㏣ồࡉࢀ࡞࡞ࡀࡽㄝ᫂ࡋ࡚࠸ࡿಶᡤࢆᑡࡋ㛗࠸ࡀᘬ⏝ࡋ࡚ࡅࢀࡤ࡞ࡽ࡞࠸ࠋࡑࡇ࡛ࠊ᱁ᕪࡢၥ㢟ࢆ࡝ࢀࡔ࠾ ࡇ ࠺ 㸦 Michael Sanderson, Education andࡅ᫝ṇ࡛ࡁ࡚࠸ࡿ࠿࡝࠺࠿ࡣู࡜ࡋ࡚ࠊ࢖ࢠࣜ

Economic Decline in Britain, 1990, p82ࠊ㑥ヂࡣᏳࢫ࡛ࡣࡑࢀࡒࢀࡢ࣮ࣝࢺ࡛ࡢ㈨᱁ࡢ☜❧࡜ࡑࡢཎ⩏ோ௚ࠗ࢖ࢠࣜࢫࡢ⤒῭⾶㏥࡜ᩍ⫱࠘ࠊ᫭㝧᭩ᨵ㠉ࡀヨ⾜㘒ㄗࡢ୰࡛㏣ồࡉࢀ࡚ࡁࡓࠋ᫬ᮇⓗࠊᡣࠊ2010 ᖺࠊ135 㡫㸧ࠋၥ㢟ព㆑ⓗ࡟๓ᚋࡍࡿࡀࠊḟ࡟㈨᱁ࡢไᗘᨵ㠉ࠕࢼࢩࣙࢼ࣭࣒ࣝ࢝ࣜ࢟ࣗࣛࡢᢏ⾡⛉ࡣΰ㏞ࢆ඘ᐇࡉࡏࡿࡇ࡜ࡶేࡏ࡚⾜ࢃ࡞ࡅࢀࡤ࡞ࡽ࡞
࠸ࠋࡑࡋ࡚ࠊࡇࡢ୧⪅ࡢ࣮ࣝࢺࡀ᱁ᕪⓗ࡟ᵓ㐀࡟ࡘ࠸࡚ぢ࡚࠸ࡇ࠺ࠋ

ࡢᴟࡳ࡟࠶ࡗࡓࠋᢏⱁ(࢔࣮ࢺ)ࠊᕤⱁ(ࢡࣛࣇࢺ)ࠊ
ၟᴗࠊ᝟ሗᕤᏛࠊᐙᗞࡢㅖᩍ⛉࡜ᢏ⾡࡜ࡢ㐃㛵ࡀࡲࡍࡲࡍᙉࡃồࡵࡽࢀࡿࡼ࠺࡟࡞ࡿ࡟ࡘࢀ࡚ࠊ

➨ 3 ❶ ㈨᱁ไᗘᨵ㠉➨㸯⠇ ㈨᱁ᯟ⤌ࡳ〇స࡜ᐇ⩦ࢆᙉㄪࡍࡿ࡜࠸࠺⌮ᛕࡀ᭕᫕࡟࡞ࡾࠊ㈨᱁ࡢᨵ㠉ࡢᇶᮏࡣࠊᏛᰯᩍ⫱࡟࠾ࡅࡿබṇࡑࡢ⤖ᯝࠊࠗᢏ⾡⛉ࡣᮏ㉁ⓗ࡟ࢹࢨ࢖ࣥ࡜〇స࡟

ࡢ㏣ồ࡜ྠᵝ࡟ࠊ㝵ᒙࢆ㉸࠼࡚ࡢᐇຊㄆᐃ࡜ࡋ

࠿࠿ࢃࡿࡶࡢ࠿ࡽࠊ≉ู࡞ᑓ㛛▱㆑ࡢᇶ┙࡞ࡋ

࡚ࡢ㈨᱁ࡢ☜❧ࠊ㈨᱁ࡢෆᐜࡢከᵝᛶ࡜Ỉ‽ࡢ





➨୍ᕤᴗ኱Ꮫ◊✲ሗ࿌ࠉ➨ྕࠉ ☜ಖࠊ㈨᱁㛫ࡢᑐ➼ᛶ࣭஌ࡾධࢀ㸦⦅ධ࡜㐃⥆㸧ࢫ࢟ࣝࢆせㄳࡉࢀࡿሙྜ࡟ᑐᛂࡀ࡛ࡁ࡞࠸࡜࠸

ᛶࠊࡑࡋ࡚Ḟⴠࡉࡏ࡚ࡣ࡞ࡽ࡞࠸ࡢࡀ࣓࢖ࣥࢫ

࠺ᙅⅬࢆ⏕ࡌࡿࡺ࠼࡟ࠊ୍⯡໬ࡢᛮ⪃ຊࠊᛂ⏝ࢺ࣮࣒ࣜࡢᏛᰯᩍ⫱ࡢㅖ㈨᱁࡜ࡢ⼥࿴ᛶࡢ㏣ồ

ⓗⓎᒎຊࡢ㣴ᡂ࡟␃ពࡍࡿᚲせࡀ࠶ࡿࠋࡔࡀࠊ

࡛࠶ࡿࠋᵝࠎ࡞⫋ᴗᩍ⫱ࣉࣟࢢ࣒ࣛࡢᥦ㉳࡟⥆ࡇࡢࡇ࡜ࡣ๓⠇࡛ࡶ㏙࡭࡚ࡁࡓࡀࠊ⫋ᴗᢏ⾡ᩍࡁ ࠊ ౛ ࠼ ࡤ 1985 ᖺ ࡟ ࡣ ⫋ ᴗ ‽ ഛ ᩍ ⫱ ㈨ ᱁⫱࡟ᐇ㊶ⓗ࡞సᴗ᫬㛫࣭㐣⛬ࢆ⦰ᑠࡋ࡚ࠊ୍⯡㸦CPVE㸧ࠊ඲ⱥ⫋ᴗ㈨᱁㸦NVQ㸧ࠊ1993 ᖺ࡟඲ᩍ⛉┠ࡢᏛ⩦ࢆࠊᗙᏛࡢ᫬㛫ࢆቑࡸࡏࡤⰋ࠸࡜

ⱥ⫋ᴗ୍⯡㈨᱁㸦GNVQ)ࡀタ⨨ࡉࢀ࡚࠸ࡃ㸦ᚋ࠸࠺ࡢ࡛ࡣỴࡋ࡚࡞࠸㸦ࢼࢩࣙࢼ࣭ࣝ࢝ࣜ࢟ࣗ

㏙㸧
ࠋࡉࡽ࡟࠸࠼ࡤࠊࢧࢵࢳ࣮ࣕᨻᶒࡢୗࠊ1986࣒ࣛࡢᐇ᪋࡟㝿ࡋࠊ⫋ᴗ࠾ࡼࡧᢏ⾡ᩍ⫱⛉┠ᖺ࡟ࢩࢸ࢕࣮࣭ࢸࢡࣀࣟࢪ࣮࣭࢝ࣞࢵࢪ㸦CTC)

࡟࠾ࡅࡿᐇయ㦂ࡢ㍍ど࡟ࡘ࠸࡚ࡢ➨ 2 ❶ࡢㄝ᫂ࡢタ❧ࡀබ⾲ࡉࢀࠊタ⨨ࡉࢀ࡚࠸ࡗࡓࠋ௨ୖࡢ

ࢆཧ↷ࠋࡲࡓࡇࡢࡇ࡜ࡣ⛉Ꮫ࣭ᢏ⾡ࡢศ㔝࡟ࡘࡼ࠺࡞ὶࢀࢆぢࡿ࡜ࠊ࢖ࢠࣜࢫ࡟࠾࠸࡚ࡶ࠿࡞

࠸࡚ࡢࡳၥ㢟࡞ࡢ࡛ࡣ࡞ࡃࠊಖ⫱ࡸᩍ⫱ࠊࢯ࣮ࡾ⏘ᴗ㸦ᕤᴗ㸧㠉᪂࡜ࡑࡢᢸ࠸ᡭࡢ㣴ᡂࡀព㆑ࢩࣕࣝࢣ࢔࡞࡝ᑓ㛛⫋ⓗ࡞ศ㔝࡟࠾࠸࡚ࡶゝ࠼ⓗ࡟㏣ồࡉࢀࡔࡋࡓ࡜ゝ࠼ࡿ࠿ࡶࡋࢀ࡞࠸ࠋࡑ

ࡿࡇ࡜࡛࠶ࡾࠊ࣮ࣟࣝࣉࣞ࢖ࣥࢢࡸࢣ࣮ࢫ࣮࣡

ࡋ࡚ࠊ࡜ࡾࢃࡅ⚟♴౫Ꮡ࠿ࡽࡢ⬺༷᪉⟇࡜ࡋ࡚ࢡࡢᐇ㊶ⓗ࡞᳨ウࡶ࣒࢝ࣜ࢟ࣗࣛࡢ୰࡟✚ᴟⓗ͆ᩍ⫱ࠊᩍ⫱ࠊᩍ⫱͇ࡢࢫ࣮ࣟ࢞ࣥࡢୗࠊᩍ⫱࡟᥇ࡾධࢀ࡚࠸ࡃᚲせࡀ࠶ࡿ㸧ࠋ㸦ᚋ㏙ࡢ GNVQ࡜カ⦎࡟㔜Ⅼࢆ⨨ࡁࠊ࡜࡟ࡶ࠿ࡃ࡟ࡶᑵᴗຊ㸦㞠ཧ↷㸧⏝ྍ⬟ຊ employability㸧ࡢ⫱ᡂࢆ┠ᣦࡋࡓࣈࣞ

ࡑࢀ࡛ࡣࠊ➨ 1 ࡜➨ 2 ࡢᩍ⫱ࢫࢺ࣮࣒ࣜࡢ᱁

࢔ࡢࢽ࣮࣭ࣗࣞ࢖ࣂ࣮࡟࡜ࡗ࡚ࡣࠊ㟷ᖺ࣭ᡂேᕪⓗᵓ㐀࡟⏤᮶ࡍࡿ♫఍ⓗㄆドࡢᆅ఩࡟㛵ࢃࡿࡢᏛ⩦ືᶵࡢⓎᥭ࡟ࡶࡘ࡞ࡀࡿㅖ㈨᱁ࡢỈ‽☜㈨᱁ࡢ㉁☜ಖ࡜┦஫஫᥮ᛶࡢၥ㢟࡟㛵ࡋ࡚ࡳ࡚❧࡜බṇࡢ㏣ồࡣ㑊ࡅ࡚ࡣ㏻ࢀ࡞࠸ㄢ㢟࡛࠶ࡗ࠸ࡇ࠺ࠋࡑࢀࡣ࢔࢝ࢹ࣑ࢵࢡ࡜࣎ࢣ࢖ࢩࣙࢼࣝ

ࡓࠋࡑࢀ࡛⩏ົᩍ⫱ᚋ㸦16 ṓᚋ㸧ࡢᑵᴗᨭ᥼ࡢ

ࢆ୍ࡘࡢ㈨᱁ᯟ⤌ࡳࡢ୰࡛఩⨨࡙ࡅࡿ࡜࠸࠺ྲྀ

ࡓࡵࡢ⫋ᴗᢏ⾡ᩍ⫱᪋⟇࠿ࡽࠊ⩏ົᩍ⫱ᖺ㱋ෆࡾ⤌ࡳ࡜࡞ࡿࠋࡘࡲࡾࠊࡑࢀࡒࢀࡢ㈨᱁ࡀ⤫୍࡟ࡲ࡛ᖜࢆᗈࡆ࡚ 14㸫19 ṓࢆᑐ㇟࡜ࡍࡿᩍ⫱ⓗ࡞㈨᱁ᯟ⤌ࡳ࡛タᐃࡉࢀࡓ࡝ࡢࣞ࣋ࣝ࡟఩⨨ᨵ㠉ࢆ㏣ồࡍࡿࡇ࡜࡟࡞ࡿ㸦ⓑ᭩ࠗ14㸫19 ṓࡢࡍࡿ࠿࡜࠸࠺ࡇ࡜ࢆ᫂☜࡟ࡍࡿࡇ࡜࡛ࠊ㈨᱁ࡢ

ᶵ఍࡜༟㉺(14-19

Opportunity and Excellence,⦪ࡢ⣔⤫࡟ᑐࡋ࡚ࠊᶓ᩿ⓗ࡞ᶓࡢỈ‽࡛ࣞ࣋ࣝ

DfES, 2003)࠘㸧ࠋࡇࢀࡣ࢔࢝ࢹ࣑ࢵࢡ࡜࣎ࢣ࢖ࢩ

ྠ➼ᛶࡢ⥔ᣢࢆᢸಖࡋࡼ࠺࡜ࡋࡓࡢ࡛࠶ࡿࠋ㇟

ࣙࢼࣝࡢศ᩿≧ἣࢆඞ᭹ࡍࡿ࡜࠸࠺ព࿡࡛࠶ࡿࠋ

ᚩⓗ࡟㸯㸷㸷㸵ᖺ࡟♧ࡉࢀࡓ㈨᱁ᯟ⤌ࡳ࡜㸰㸮ࡇࡢྲྀࡾ⤌ࡳࡣࠊ௨ୗࡢ 3 Ⅼࢆ↔Ⅼ࡟ᨵ㠉ࡀ㏣㸮㸶ᖺࡢᯟ⤌ࡳࢆ♧ࡋ࡚࠾ࡇ࠺㸦ᇶᮏⓗ࡟ࡣࡑồࡉࢀࡓࠕ➨ 1 ࡟ࠊ୍⯡ᩍ⫱㸦࢔࢝ࢹ࣑ࢵࢡ࡞

ࡢᚋࡶ⥅ᢎࡉࢀ࡚࠸ࡿ㸧ࠋᩍ⫱㸧࡜⫋ᴗᩍ⫱㈨᱁ࡢࠗᶫΏࡋ(bridge)࠘ࠊ➨ 2
࡟ࠊ ࠗ㈨᱁ࡢࢪࣕࣥࢢࣝ࠘࡜࠸ࢃࢀࡓ㈨᱁⩌ࡢࠗᩚ⌮࣭⤫ྜ(rationalise࠘ࠊࡑࡋ࡚⫋ᴗᩍ⫱࡟࠾ࡅࡿࠊࡼࡾ୍ࠗ⯡ⓗ࡞(generic)࠘Ꮫ⩦ෆᐜࡢᑟධ࡛࠶ࡿࠖ㸦ⓑᖭ๓ᥖ᭩ࠗ࢖ࢠࣜࢫ࡟࠾ࡅࡿᏛ⩦࡜カ⦎ࡢබඹ⟶⌮ࢩࢫࢸ࣒࠘ࠊ50 㡫ࠊ≉࡟➨ 1❶ࠕ㞠⏝ྍ⬟ᛶࠊࢫ࢟ࣝࠊ⫋ᴗⓗᏛ⩦ࡢᨻ⟇ㄢ㢟ࠖཧ↷㸧ࠋࡓࡋ࠿࡟⌧ሙ࡛ࡢ⤒㦂୺⩏࡜⌧ሙఏ⤫୺⩏࡟ࡼࡾࠊࡑࡢࢫ࢟ࣝࡣ⊃ࡃᑓ㛛ศ໬ⓗ(job-specific, firm-specific)࡛࠶ࡾࠊ㐺ᛂᛶࡢ㧗࠸ᅗ ⾲䠍䚷䚷㻌㻝㻥㻥㻣㻌ᖺ䛻ᵓ⠏䛥䜜䛯඲ᅜ㈨᱁ᯟ⤌䜏䠄㻺㻽㻲䠅㈨᱁䛾䝺䝧䝹 ᩍ⫱㈨᱁㻌⫋ᴗ㛵㐃㈨᱁ ⫋ᴗ㈨᱁䝺䝧䝹䠑㻺㼂㻽䝺䝧䝹䠑㧗➼ᩍ⫱䚷䝺䝧䝹䠐㻺㼂㻽䝺䝧䝹䠐
䝺䝧䝹䠏㻳㻯㻱㻙㻭䝺䝧䝹

⫋ᴗⓗ㻭䝺䝧䝹
㻌㻺㼂㻽䝺䝧䝹䠏
䠄ୖ⣭㻳㻺㼂㻽㻕

䝺䝧䝹䠎㻌 㻳㻯㻿㻱䡴䢚䢖䡬䢀䢚㻭䡚㻯 㻌୰⣭㻳㻺㼂㻽 㻺㼂㻽䝺䝧䝹䠎䝺䝧䝹䠍 㻳㻯㻿㻱䡴䢚䢖䡬䢀䢚㻰䡚㻳 㻌ึ⣭㻳㻺㼂㻽 㻌㻺㼂㻽䝺䝧䝹䠍䡰䢙䢀䢔䡬䝺䝧䝹Ꮫຊド᭩ฟᡤ䠖㻰㼍㼠㼍㻌㻺㼑㼣㼟㻌㼕㼟㼟㼡㼑㻌㻞㻜㻘䚷㻞㻜㻜㻞㻔㻽㻯㻭㻕ᒾᶫ㸸࢖ࢠࣜࢫ࡟࠾ࡅࡿ⫋ᴗᩍ⫱࡜㈨᱁ไᗘᨵ㠉ᅗ ⾲㻞䜲䞁䜾䝷䞁䝗඲ᅜ㈨᱁ᯟ

ⱥᅜ㻺㻽㻲㻌 Ꮫ⾡㈨᱁䠄䜰䜹䝕䝭䝑䜽䠅㻸㼑㼢㼑㼘䠔
㻸㼑㼢㼑㼘䠓
㻸㼑㼢㼑㼘䠒
㻸㼑㼢㼑㼘䠑
㻸㼑㼢㼑㼘䠐
㻸㼑㼢㼑㼘䠏
㻸㼑㼢㼑㼘䠎
㻸㼑㼢㼑㼘䠍䠄 㻺㻽㻲㻦 㻺㼍㼠 㼕㼛 㼚 㼍㼘㻌㻽㼡 㼍㼘㼕㼒㼒 㼕㼏㻲㼞㼍㼠㼍㼙㼕㼛㼑㼚㼣㼛㼟㻌 㼞 㼗㻕㻌㻞 㻜 㻜 㻤 ᖺ⫋⬟㛵㐃㈨᱁㻔㼂㻾㻽㻕඲ᅜ⫋ᴗ㈨㻔㻺㼂㻽㻕䜒䛧䛟䛿㻳㻺㼂㻽㻌༤ኈಟኈᏛኈ䝕䜱䝥䝻䝬㻛ᇶ♏Ꮫ఩㧗➼ᩍ⫱䞉➨䠍Ꮫ఩㻳㻯㻱䠉㻭䝺䝧䝹
㻳㻯㻿㻱ୖ⣭䜾䝺䞊䝗䠄㻭䡚㻯䠅㻳㻯㻿㻱ึ⣭䜾䝺䞊䝗䠄㻰䡚㻳䠅

㻺㼂㻽䠑
㻺㼂㻽䠐
㼂㻾㻽䠄ୖ⣭䠅㼂㻾㻽䠄୰⣭䠅㻌㼂㻾㻽䠄ึ⣭䠅㻌

㻺㼂㻽㻟
㻺㼂㻽㻞
㻺㼂㻽䠍

GCSE㸸General Certificate of Secondary Education(୍⯡୰➼ᩍ⫱㈨᱁ド㸸16 ṓ࡟ཷ㦂ࡍࡿࡢࡀ୍⯡ⓗ࡛ࠊ୰➼ᩍ⫱Ꮫᰯ㞳Ꮫ᫬ࡢ⩏ົᩍ⫱⤊஢ࡢド᫂࡜࡞ࡿ)
GCE㸸 General Certificate of Education㸦ᬑ㏻ᩍ⫱㈨᱁ド㸸ࡇࢀࡣ௨๓࡟ࡣᬑ㏻ࣞ࣋ࣝ O-ࣞ࣋ࣝ࡜≉㐍ࣞ࣋ࣝࡢ A ࣞ࣋ࣝ࡜༊ูࡉࢀࠊ๓⪅ࡀ⩏ົᩍ⫱⤊஢ࡢド᫂࡜࡞ࡾࠊ࠿ࡘ኱Ꮫ㐍Ꮫ‽ഛࢡࣛࢫ࡛࠶ࡿࢩࢵࢡࢫࣇ࢛࣮࣒࡟㐍⣭ࡍࡿࡓࡵ࡟ᚲせ࡜ࡉࢀ࡚࠸ࡓࠋࡑࡋ࡚ࢩࢵࢡࢫࣇ࢛࣮࣒ಟ஢᫬࡟ࠊࡘࡲࡾ 18 ṓ࡟ཷ㦂ࡍࡿࡢࡀ A ࡛ࣞ࣋ࣝ࠶ࡿࠋ௒
᪥࡛ࡣ GCE ࡜࠸࠼ࡤ A ࣞ࣋ࣝࡢࡳ࡛ࠊ኱Ꮫཷ㦂㈨᱁ࢆព࿡ࡋࠊ18 ṓ࡛ཷࡅࡿࡢࡀ୍⯡ⓗ࡛࠶ࡿ㸧
NVQ㸸National Vocational Qualifications㸦඲ⱥ⫋ᴗ㈨᱁ࠊᖺ㱋࡟㛵ಀ࡞࠸㸧
VRQ㸸Vocation-Related Qualifications ࡶࡋࡃࡣ GNVQ㸸General National Vocational Qualification㸦୍⯡඲ᅜ⫋ᴗ㈨᱁㸧࡜ࡶ࿧ࡤࢀࡿࠋ

࢔࢝ࢹ࣑ࢵࢡࡢ࠿ࡘ࡚ࡢヨ㦂ไᗘ࡛ࡣࠊGCE࠿࡜࠸࠺ࡶࡢ࡛࠶ࡗࡓࠋࡶࡋ୙ྜ᱁࡜࡞ࢀࡤఱ

࠾ࡅࡿ┦ᙜᑓ㛛ศ໬ࡋࡓᏛ⩦ࡢ᥀ࡾୗࡆࢆせồࠊࠊࡉࢀ࡚࠸ࡿࠋࡑࢀ࡛ࠊGCE㸫A ࣞ࣋ࣝࡣࠊḢᕞࠊࠊࠊࠊࠊࠊࠊࠊࠊࠊࠊࠊࠊࠊࠊࠊ
ྛᅜ࠿ࡽࡢᢈุⓗὀᩥࡀ࠶ࡿࡶࡢࡢࠊ┦ኚࢃࡽ

ࡽ㈨᱁࡞ࡋ࡟㞳Ꮫࡋ࡚࠸ࡃࡇ࡜࡟࡞ࡿࠋࡇࡢࡇ

ࡎ⮬ࡽࡀᑓᨷࡍࡿศ㔝࡛ࡢ 2 ⛉┠⛬ᗘ࡛࠶ࡿࠋ

࡜ࡢᨵၿ࡜ࡋ࡚ࠊᡂ⦼ูࢢ࣮ࣞࢻ࡛ࠊ࠿ࡘᩍ⛉ࡇ࠺ࡋࡓࡇ࡜ࢆぢࡿ࡜ࠊ࢔࢝ࢹ࣑ࢵࢡࡢ⣔⤫࡟┠ẖ࡟ุᐃࢆࡍࡿ࡜࠸࠺᪉ᘧࡀ᥇⏝ࡉࢀࠊຍ࠼

࠾ࡅࡿᨵ㠉ࡣ࠶ࡃࡲ࡛ࡶ GCE ࡢ A ࣞ࣋ࣝࢆ๓

࡚ GCE ࡢ࢔࢝ࢹ࣑ࢵࢡ೫㔜ࢆᢈุࡋ࡚ࠊᐇ⛉ᥦ࡜ࡋࡓࡶࡢ࡛࠶ࡿࡺ࠼࡟ࠊ☜࠿࡟ཷ㦂⛉┠ࡢⓗ࡞⛉┠ࢆྵࡴᩍ⛉┠ࢆྵࡵ࡚ㄆドࡍࡿ CSEᖜࡣᗈࡀࡗࡓࡀࠊ኱Ꮫ㐍Ꮫࢆ┠ᣦࡍ⪅࡟࡜ࡗ࡚㸦୰➼ᩍ⫱㈨᱁ヨ㦂㸧ࢆᑟධࡋࡓࠋࡋ࠿ࡋࠊ⤖ࡣ᰿ᮏⓗ࡞ኚ㠉ࡣ࡞࠸࡜࠸࠼ࡼ࠺㸦☜࠿࡟ࠊ⦆ᯝ࡜ࡋ࡚ࠊCSE ࡣ GCE ࡢୗ఩ࢢ࣮ࣞࢻ࡟࢝ࢸ

ࡸ࠿࡞ཷࡅධࢀᇶ‽ࢆタᐃࡍࡿ኱Ꮫࡢᗈࡀࡾࢆ

ࢦࣛ࢖ࢬࡉࢀࡿࡇ࡜࡟࡞ࡗࡓࠋࡇࡢࡇ࡜ࡢඞ᭹

ࡶࡓࡽࡍࡅࢀ࡝ࡶࠋࡑࢀࡽࡀ኱Ꮫࡢ㉁ࡢࣞ࣋ࣝ

ࢆ┠ᣦࡋ࡚ GCE ࡜ CSE ࡀ⤫ྜࡉࢀࠊከᵝ࡞ᩍࡢపୗ࠿ྰ࠿ࡣูࡢㄢ㢟࡜ࡋ᳨࡚ウࡉࢀ࡞ࡅࢀ

⛉┠࡛ཷ㦂ྍ⬟࡞ࢩࢫࢸ࣒࡜ࡋ࡚⌧ᅾࡢ୍⯡୰ࡤ࡞ࡽ࡞࠸㸧ࠋ➼ᩍ⫱㈨᱁ド㸦GCSE㸧࡟࡞ࡗ࡚࠸ࡃࠋࡺ࠼࡟ ࡉ࡚ࠊ௨ୖࡢၥ㢟ࢆྵࡳ࡞ࡀࡽࡶࠊ2 ࡘࡢ㈨⾲࡟࠶ࡿࡼ࠺࡟ࠊࢢ࣮ࣞࢻ A~G ࡲ࡛ࡢྜ᱁⠊ᅖ࠶ࡿࠋཷ㦂⛉┠ᩘࡣಶே࡟ࡼࡗ࡚ᕪ㐪ࡀ࠶ࡿࡶ᱁ᯟ⤌ࡳࢆ୍ぢࡋ࡚⌮ゎࡉࢀࡿࡢࡣࠊࣞ࣋ࣝタࠊࠊࠊࠊࠊࠊࠊࠊࠊࠊࠊ
ᐃ࡟ኚ᭦ࡀ࡞࠸ࡇ࡜࡜ࠊ
≉࡟ࣞ࣋ࣝ 4㹼8 ࡢ㧗➼ࠊࠊࠊࠊࠊࠊࠊࠊ ࠊࠊࠊࠊࠊࠊࠊࠊࠊࠊࠊࠊࠊ
ᩍ⫱ẁ㝵ࢆࠊEU ㅖᅜ࡜ࡢᩚྜᛶࢆ⪃៖ࡋ࡚ヲࠊࠊࠊࠊࠊࠊࠊࠊࠊࠊࠊࠊࠊ
⣽࡟ẁ㝵タᐃࡋࡓࡇ࡜࡛࠶ࡿࠋࡑࡋ࡚ࠊ࢔࢝ࢹ

ࡢࡢࠊGCSE ࡣ 4㹼5 ⛉┠ࡀ୍⯡ⓗ࡛࠶ࡿࠋࡑࡋ

࣑ࢵࢡࡢㅖ㈨᱁࡟⫋ᴗ㈨᱁ࡀ࡝ࡢࡼ࠺࡟ᑐᛂࡍ

࡚࢖ࢠࣜࢫࡢ኱Ꮫࡀ 3 ᖺไࢆᇶᮏ࡟ࡋ࡚࠾ࡾࠊ

ࡿ࠿࡜࠸࠺ࡇ࡜࡛ࠊ࢔࢝ࢹ࣑ࢵࢡ೫㔜ࢆඞ᭹ࡋࡑࡢࡓࡵ࡟ཷࡅධࢀࡿᏛ⏕ࡢᏛ⩦ࡣᑓᨷศ㔝࡟ࡼ࠺࡜ࡍࡿດຊࡢ⌧ࢀ࡛ࡣ࠶ࡿࠋࡋ࠿ࡋࠊࡇࡢ

㸦ᬑ㏻ᩍ⫱㈨᱁ド㸧ࡢ㈨᱁ヨ㦂࡟ྜ᱁ࡍࡿ࠿ྰ

ࢆึ⣭ࢢ࣮ࣞࢻࠊ୰⣭ࢢ࣮ࣞࢻ࡜ࡋࠊ↓㈨᱁⪅ࢆῶࡽࡍດຊ࡜࡜ࡶ࡟Ỉ‽ࢆ᫂♧ࡋ࡚࠸ࡿࡢ࡛





➨୍ᕤᴗ኱Ꮫ◊✲ሗ࿌ࠉ➨ྕࠉ ࡇ࡜ࡀᐇ⌧ࡋ࡚࠸ࡃࡓࡵ࡟ࡣ኱ࡁࡃࡣ 2 ᮏࡢᰕᚐ࡛࠶ࡿࠋ࡛ࡣ࡝ࡢࡼ࠺࡞⫋ᴗ‽ഛᩍ⫱࠿ࡀၥ࡛ࡢ⦓ᐦ࡞ᨵ㠉సᴗࡀᚲせ࡛࠶ࡿࠋ୍ࡘࡣఱ࡜

ࢃࢀࡿࡇ࡜࡟࡞ࡿࠋ

࠸ࡗ࡚ࡶࠊࡑࡋ࡚ᩍ⫱⊂⮬ࡢ㡿㔝ࢆ㉸࠼ࡿࡶࡢࡑࡢ㔜せ࡞≉ᚩࡢ୍ࡘ࡛࠶ࡿࡀࠊ⏕ᚐࡓࡕࡢ࡞ࡢࡔࡀࠊ♫఍ⓗㄆ▱ཬࡧ⏘ᴗ⏺㸦ࡑࡢ⫋ᴗศ㸲ศࡢ㸱ࡀほගࠊ೺ᗣ࣭ࢯ࣮ࢩࣕࣝࢣ࢔ࠊ࢔࣮

㔝㸧࡛ࡢཷᐜᗘࡢၥ㢟࡛࠶ࡿࠋࡑࡋ࡚௚ࡢ୍ࡘ
ࠊࠊࠊࠊࠊࠊࠊࠊࠊࠊࠊࠊࠊࠊࠊࠊࠊࠊࠊࠊ
ࡣࠊᩍ⫱ศ㔝࡛ࡢ㈐௵ࢆᣢࡗࡓᨵ㠉సᴗ࡜ࡋ࡚ࠊ
ࠊࠊࠊࠊࠊࠊࠊࠊࠊࠊࠊࠊࠊࠊࠊࠊࠊࠊࠊࠊࠊ
ྛ㈨᱁࡛ࣞ࣋ࣝඹ㏻࡟ㄆ▱ⓗ࡟ཷᐜࡉࢀࡿ࡭ࡁ
ࠊࠊࠊࠊࠊࠊࠊࠊࠊࠊࠊࠊࠊࠊࠊࠊࠊࠊࠊࠊࠊ
㸦᥮ゝࡍࢀࡤホ౯࡟್ࡍࡿ㸧ಟᚓࡉࢀࡿ▱㆑࣭ࠊࠊࠊࠊࠊࠊࠊࠊࠊࠊࠊࠊࠊࠊࠊࠊࠊࠊࠊ
ᢏ⾡ࡢ୰㌟࡛࠶ࡾࠊホ౯ᇶ‽ࡢၥ㢟࡛࠶ࡿࠋࡇ

ࢺ㸤ࢹࢨ࢖ࣥࠊࣅࢪࢿࢫ㸦௨ୖࡣࠕ୺せ㸲ᩍ⛉ࠖ࡜࠸ࢃࢀࡿ㸧
ࡢࢥ࣮ࢫࢆᒚಟࡋ࡚࠸ࡿࡢ࡛࠶ࡿࠋ
ࡑࡢࡇ࡜ࡀఱࢆព࿡ࡋ࡚࠸ࡿ࠿ࡣ᫂ࡽ࠿࡛ࠊᑓ

ࡢࡇ࡜ࡀ↻ワࡵࡽࢀ࡚࠸࠿࡞ࡅࢀࡤࠊᙜ↛ࡢࡈ㛛⫋ᴗⓗ࠾ࡼࡧࢧ࣮ࣅࢫᴗⓗ࡞άື࡬኱ࡁࡃഴ
ࠊࠊࠊࠊࠊࠊࠊࠊࠊࠊࠊࠊࠊࠊࠊ
ᩳࡋ࡚࠸࡚ࠊ⛉Ꮫ࣭ᢏ⾡ࡢศ㔝ࡢᩍ⛉ࡣ࡯࡜ࢇࠊࠊࠊࠊࠊࠊࠊࠊࠊ࡝タࡅࡽࢀ࡚࠸࡞࠸࡜࠸࠺ࡇ࡜࡛࠶ࡿ㸦10 㸣ࢆ࡜ࡃࠊ♫఍ⓗཷᐜࡢᑐ㇟࡟ࡣ࡞ࡾ࠼࡞࠸࡛࠶ࢁ

࠿࡞ࡾୗᅇࡗ࡚࠸ࡓ࡜࠸ࢃࢀࡿ㸧ࠋ⫋ᴗᩍ⫱࣭カ࠺ࠋࡉࡽ࡟ EU ᇦෆ࡛ࡢ⮬⏤࡞ேࡢ⛣ື㸦ປാ࣋ࣝࡢㄪᩚࡢࡓࡵ࡟ࠊẚ⫪࡛ࡁࡿ㈨᱁ᯟ⤌ࡳࢆ⦎ࡢศ㔝ࡀ࠿࡞ࡾ೫ࡗ࡚࠸ࡿࠋࡑࡋ࡚⤖ᯝ࡜ࡋࠊࠊࠊࠊࠊࠊࠊࠊࠊࠊ
࡚➨ 2 ࡢ≉ᚩ࡜࡞ࡿࡀࠊᐇ㦂ᐇ⩦ࡼࡾࡶᗙᏛࡢ
ࠊࠊࠊࠊࠊࠊࠊ
Ꮫ⩦ࡀከࡃ࡞ࡿࠋၥ㢟ࡣࡇࢀࡽࡢ୺せ 4 ᩍ⛉࡟᫂♧ⓗ࡟ᵓ⠏ࡋ࡞ࡅࢀࡤ࡞ࡽ࡞࠸ࠋࡇࡢヨࡳࡀ࠾࠸࡚ࡶ⫋ᴗ⤒㦂㇏࠿࡞ᩍᖌ࡟ࡼࡿᐇົయ㦂ࡀᅗ⾲ 2 ࡛࠶ࡿࠋ㔜せ࡞ࡢ࡛࠶ࡿࡀࠊᐇ㊶ࡢሙࢆ⏝ពࡍࡿࡇ࡜ࡀ

ຊ⛣ື㸧࡟㛵㐃ࡋ࡚ࠊ௚ࡢ EU ㅖᅜ࡜ࡢ㈨᱁ࣞ

୰➼Ꮫᰯࡢ㞳Ꮫᚋ࡟⥅⥆ᩍ⫱ᶵ㛵࡛Ꮫࢇ࡛ᐜ࡛᫆࡞࠸࡜࠸࠺ࡇ࡜࡟ຍ࠼࡚ࠊᗙᏛⓗ࡞Ꮫ⩦࠸ࡿᏛ⏕࡟ᑐࡋ࡚ࠊ⫋ᴗ࡟㛵㐃ࡋࡓ⛉┠࡛ࠊ࠿࡟௦᭰ࡋࡸࡍ࠸ഃ㠃ࡀ࠶ࡿࡇ࡜࡛࠶ࡿ㸦௦᭰ࡣࡘ୍⯡ᛮ⪃ຊࡢྥୖࢆ௻ᅗࡋࡓ⛉┠ࢆᥦ౪ࡋࡓࠋ

࠶ࡃࡲ࡛ࡶ௦࡛᭰࠶ࡾࠊ
ᐇ㊶ⓗ࡞య㦂࡛ࡣ࡞࠸㸧ࠋ

ࡇࢀࡀ 1985 ᖺ࡟ᑟධࡉࢀࡓ⫋ᴗ‽ഛᩍ⫱㈨᱁
ࠊࠊࠊࠊࠊࠊࠊࠊࠊࠊࠊࠊ
㸦CPVE)࡛࠶ࡿࡀࠊ1 ᖺ㛫ࡢࣉࣟࢢ࣒࡛ࣛ࠶ࡾࠊ

ࡇࡇ࡟⫋ᴗ⤒㦂ࢆᣢࡓ࡞࠸ᩍᖌࡀᩍᮦ࡜ᅗ᭩㤋

GCSE ࡢྲྀࡾ┤ࡋ࡜ࡋ࡚ࡣ㸦ࢢ࣮ࣞࢻࢆୖࡆࡿ㸧࠺ࡇ࡜࡛࠶ࡿࠋ⛉Ꮫ࣭ᢏ⾡ࡢศ㔝ࡔࡅ࡛࡞ࡃඛ

ࡑࢀ࡞ࡾࡢព࿡ࢆᣢࡗࡓࡀࠊ࡜࡚ࡶࢩࢵࢡࢫ࣭

ࡢ୺せ 4 ᩍ⛉ࡢศ㔝࡟࠾࠸࡚ࡶࠊᐇ㊶ⓗ࡞⫋ᴗࣇ࢛࣮࣒㸦GCE࣭A ࣞ࣋ࣝࡢ‽ഛࢡࣛࢫ࣭ᶵ㛵㸧ᩍ⫱࣭カ⦎࠿ࡽ࠿ࡅ㞳ࢀ࡚࠸ࡃࣜࢫࢡࡀ₯ࡴࡇࡢ௦᭰࠼ᶵ⬟࡟ࡣ࡞ࡾᚓ࡞࠿ࡗࡓࠋࡲࡓࠊ1986࡜࡟࡞ࡿࠋࡉࡽ࡟ࠊ➨ 3 ࡢ≉ᚩ࡜࠸࠼ࡿࡀࠊGCEᖺ࡟タ⨨ࡉࢀࡓ඲ⱥ⫋ᴗ㈨᱁ホ㆟఍㸦NCVQ)㸫A ࣞ࣋ࣝࡢヨ㦂ࡢᖹᆒࢆ࠿࡞ࡾୗᅇࡿ⏕ᚐ࡟

ࡣከᵝ࡞ᩍ⫱カ⦎ࢥ࣮ࢫ࡜⫋ᴗⓗㅖ㈨᱁ࡢᩚ

ᑐࡍࡿ࢔࢝ࢹ࣑ࢵࢡ࣭ࢫࢺ࣮࣒ࣜ࡬ࡢໟᦤࡢ㐨⌮࣭Ỉ‽ࡢホ౯タᐃࢆ⾜࠺ࡓࡵヨ⾜㘒ㄗࢆヨࡳ㸦Ᏻ᫆࡞ᡭẁ㸧࡜ࡋ࡚฼⏝ࡉࢀ࡚࠸ࡿࡇ࡜࡛࠶

ࡿࡀࠊ⤖ᯝⓗ࡟ࡣໟᣓⓗ࡛⣔⤫ⓗ࡞ᩍ⫱࣭カ⦎➨ 2 ⠇ GNVQ ࡢᐇែ࡜ NVQ

ࡿࠋࠊࠊࠊࠊࠊࠊࠊࠊࠊࠊࠊࠊࠊࠊࠊࠊࠊࠊࠊࠊ
➹⪅ࡣࠊ⫋ᴗᢏ⾡ᩍ⫱ࡢᑓ㛛ศ໬࡟ࡼࡗ࡚ࡑ
ࠊࠊࠊࠊࠊࠊࠊࠊࠊࠊࠊࠊࠊࠊࠊࠊࠊࠊࠊࠊࠊ
ࡢ⩦ᚓࡉࡏࡿࢫ࢟ࣝࡀ⊃ᑠ࡛పḟ࡞ࡶࡢ࡟㝈ࡽࠊࠊࠊࠊࠊࠊࠊࠊࠊࠊࠊࠊࠊࠊࠊࠊࠊࠊࠊࠊࠊ
ࢀ࡚ࡋࡲ࠺ࡇ࡜࡟཯ᑐ࡛ࠊ୍⯡ᛮ⪃ຊࡢ㘐☻࡟ࠊࠊࠊࠊࠊࠊࠊࠊࠊࠊࠊࠊࠊࠊࠊࠊࠊࠊࠊࠊࠊ
ࡼࡿᛂ⏝ຊࠊࡼࡾ㧗ḟ࡞ࢫ࢟ࣝ࡬ࡢ㌿᥮ຊ࡟ࡘࠊࠊࠊࠊࠊࠊࠊࠊࠊࠊࠊࠊࠊࠊࠊࠊࠊࠊࠊࠊࠊ
࡞ࡀࡿᢏ⾡ຊࡀ㏣ồࡉࢀ࡞ࡅࢀࡤ࡞ࡽ࡞࠸࡜⪃ࠊࠊ࠼ࡿࠋࡑࢀࡀಟᚓࡉࢀࡿᢏ⬟ࡢᢏ⾡ຊ࡬ࡢⓎᒎࡲࡎᢕᥱࡋ࡚࠾࠿࡞ࡅࢀࡤ࡞ࡽ࡞࠸ࡢࡣࠊ

࡜࡞ࡿࠋᮏ᮶ GNVQ ࡣࡑ࠺ࡋࡓ᪉ྥࢆ┠ᣦࡋ࡚

GNVQ ࡟㛵ࢃࡿ⏕ᚐ࡟ࡘ࠸࡚࡛࠶ࡿࠋ࢔࢝ࢹ࣑

࠸ࡓࡣࡎ࡛࠶ࡿࡀࠊᢏ⬟࡜ᢏ⾡ࡢ㐃㛵࣭㌿᥮ࢆࢵࢡࡢ⣔⤫࡛࡞࠸ࡇ࡜ࡣࡶࡕࢁࢇ࡛࠶ࡿࡀࠊ࢔

㏣ồࡋࡁࢀࡎ࡟ࠊ⤖ᯝⓗ࡟➨ 2 ࡢ≉ᚩ࡛㏙࡭ࡓ

࢝ࢹ࣑ࢵࢡࡢ⣔⤫࡟᚟ᖐࢆ㢪࠺⏕ᚐࢆྵࡵ࡚ࠊ

ࡼ࠺࡟ᐇయ㦂ⓗᢏ⬟࣭ᢏ⾡ࡢ⩦ᚓࢆ␯࠿࡟ࡋ࡚

ᇶᮏⓗ࡟ࡣ⫋ᴗ‽ഛࡢࢥ࣮ࢫࢆ㑅ᢥࡋ࡚࠸ࡿ⏕ࡋࡲࡗࡓࠋᢏ⬟࣭ᢏ⾡࡜ࡣ஋㞳ࡋࡓᙧ࡛ࡢ୍⯡ࣉࣟࢢ࣒ࣛࢆᡴࡕฟࡍࡇ࡜ࡀ࡛ࡁ࡞࠿ࡗࡓࠋࡔ
ࡀࠊ࢔࢝ࢹ࣑ࢵࢡ࡜࣎ࢣ࢖ࢩࣙࢼࣝࡢᶫΏࡋ࠶
ࡿ࠸ࡣ⤫ྜࢆ௻ᅗࡋࡓດຊࡣࠊ1993 ᖺ࡟඲ⱥ⫋ᴗ୍⯡㈨᱁㸦GNVQ)ࢆ඲᪥ไ㸦ࣇࣝࢱ࢖࣒㸧ࡢ⫋ᴗᩍ⫱ࡢ୺せ࡞ᙧែ࡜ࡋ࡚఩⨨࡙ࡅ࡚࠸ࡗࡓࠋ

࡛ࡢㄪ࡭≀Ꮫ⩦ࢆᣦ♧࡛ࡁࡿవᆅࡀ⏕ࡌࡿ࡜࠸ᒾᶫ㸸࢖ࢠࣜࢫ࡟࠾ࡅࡿ⫋ᴗᩍ⫱࡜㈨᱁ไᗘᨵ㠉ᛮ⪃ຊᙧᡂ࡟೫㔜ࡍࡿࡇ࡜࡟࡞ࡾ㸦୍⯡ᛮࠊࠊࠊࠊࠊࠊࠊࠊࠊ㈨᱁࡜ࡢᑐᛂࡀ࠶ࡿࠋࡔࡀㄗゎࡋ࡚ࡣ࠸ࡅ

⪃ຊࠊ࣓ࢱㄆ▱⬟ຊࡢᙧᡂ⮬㌟࡟ࡶ⬤ᙅᛶ࡞࠸ࠊ㸺࢔࢝ࢹ࣑ࢵࢡ㈨᱁࡜ࡢᑐᛂ㸼࡜࠸ࡀక࠺㸧ࠊ⫋ᴗᢏ⾡ಟᚓࢆ┠ᣦࡍ⪅࡟࡜ࡗ࡚࠺ࡢࡣࡲࡗࡓࡃྠ୍ࡢ࢔࢝ࢹ࣑ࢵࢡ⬟ຊࢆࡣ࠸ࡗࡑ࠺㨩ຊࡢ࡞࠸ࡶࡢ࡟࡞ࡗ࡚࠸ࡗࡓࠋ

ᣦࡋ࡚࠸ࡿࢃࡅ࡛ࡣ࡞࠸ࠋࡑࡢᙜヱࣞ࣋ࣝࡇ࠺ࡋ࡚ GNVQ ࡣࠊ᪥ᮏࡢ㧗ᰯ࡛ࡢᬑ㏻⛉

ࡢᖹᆒⓗ⬟ຊỈ‽ࡢ▱ⓗసᴗ࡜ࡋ࡚ࡢ୍⯡೫㔜㸦ࡇࡇࡣࡇࡇ࡛ࠕᏛຊࠖ೫ᕪ್࡟ࡼࡿ

ᛮ⪃ຊࡢάື࡟ཧ⏬࡛ࡁࡿ࡜࠸࠺ࡇ࡜࡛࠶

Ꮫᰯ᱁ᕪࡀ㐍⾜ࡍࡿ㸧ࠊᕤᴗ㧗ᑓࢆ㝖ࡃᐇᴗࡿࠋࡉࡽ࡟ᑓ㛛ศ㔝࡜ࡋ࡚ࡢ⫋ᴗⓗᢏ⬟࣭㧗ᰯࡢᩍ⫱ⓗཬࡧ♫఍ⓗᆅ఩ࡢ᱁ᕪⓗప఩ᢏ⾡ࡢಟᚓࡀࡑࡢࡼࡾ㧗ᗘ໬࡬ࡢⓎᒎⓗᇶ໬࡜ࠊࡁࢃࡵ࡚㏆ఝࡢᛶ᱁ࢆᢸࢃࡏࡽࢀࡿ

♏࡜ࡋ࡚఩⨨࡙ࡁࠊ♫఍ⓗ࡟ㄆ▱ࡉࢀࡿ࡜ࡇ࡜࡟࡞ࡗࡓ࡜࠸࠼ࡼ࠺ࠋ
㸦᪥ᮏࡢᏛᰯ᱁ᕪ

࠸࠺ࡇ࡜࡛࠶ࡿࠋࡇࡢ NVQ ࢆ┠ᣦࡍ⪅ࡓࡕ

໬ࡣ 1960 ᖺ௦௨㝆ࡢ㧗ᗘᡂ㛗⤒῭ࡢ᥎㐍ࡣࠊ࡝ࡗࡕࡘ࠿ࡎࡢ୰㏵༙➃࡞ࡶࡢ࡟࡞ࡗ

࡜୰᰾ປാ⪅ࡢ㧗ᏛṔ໬࡜ࡢࣃࣛࣞࣝ࡞㛵࡚ࡁ࡚࠸ࡿ GNVQ ࢆྲྀᚓࡋࡼ࠺࡜ࡣࡋ࡞࠸ࠋ

ಀ࡟࠾࠸࡚⃭໬ࡍࡿࡀࠊࡑࡢࡇ࡜࡟㛵ࡋ࡚ࡇࡢ NVQ ࡣࠊⱥᅜ㸦࢖ࣥࢢࣛࣥࢻࠊ࢙࣮࢘

ࡣᣋⴭࠕᏛ⩦࣭Ꮫᰯ࠿ࡽປാ࣭♫఍࡬ࡢ᥋ࣝࢬࠊ໭࢔࢖ࣝࣛࣥࢻ㸧࡟࠾ࡅࡿ⫋ᴗᢏ⬟⥆ࡇࡑࠖཧ↷ࠊ᪥ᮏᩍ⫱ไᗘᏛ఍⦅ࠗᩍ⫱ࣞ࣋ࣝࡢᅜᐙㄆᐃไᗘ࡛࠶ࡾࠊᩍ⫱┬㓄ୗᨵ㠉࡬ࡢᥦゝ㞟࠘ᡤ཰ࠊ89㸫102 㡫ࠊᮾಙࡢᨻᗓᶵ㛵࡛࠶ࡿ㈨᱁࣭࣒࢝ࣜ࢟ࣗࣛ㛤Ⓨ

ᇽࠊ2002 ᖺ㸧ࠋࡑࡋ࡚࢖ࢠࣜࢫ࡛ࡣࠊ㏆ᖺࠊ

ᙜᒁ(QCA)ࡀᡤ⟶ࡋ࡚࠸ࡿࠋࢫࢥࢵࢺࣛࣥ

㧗➼ᩍ⫱ࡀពᅗⓗ࡟ᣑ኱ࡉࢀ࡚ࡁ࡚࠸ࡿࡇ

ࢻ࡛ࡣࢫࢥࢵࢺࣛࣥࢻ⫋ᴗ㈨᱁㸦Scottish࡜ࢆ⫼ᬒ࡟ࡋ࡚ࠊGCE㸫A ࣞ࣋ࣝ㸦Ỵࡋ࡚

Vocational QualificationࠊSVQ㸧࡜ࡋ࡚▱ࡽ

GCSE ࡢ࡛ࣞ࣋ࣝࡣ࡞࠸㸧ࡢ୙༑ศ࡞ᡂ⦼

ࢀࡿࠋ⪅ࡀ㧗➼ᩍ⫱࡬㐍Ꮫࡍࡿ࠸ࢃࡤ㎽ᅇⓗ㏆㐨

ࡉࡁ࡟ NVQ ࡢࢫࢸࢵࣉ໬࡜ゝࡗࡓࡀࠊࡑ

࡜ࡋ࡚ࡇࡢ GNVQ ࢆ฼⏝ࡍࡿࡼ࠺࡟࡞ࡗ࡚ࡢ ᇶ ᮏ ࡣ ඲ ᅜ ⫋ ົ ᇶ ‽ 㸦 National࠸ࡗࡓ࡜࠸࠺ࡇ࡜࡛࠶ࡿࠋゝ࠸᥮࠼ࢀࡤࠊ

Occupational Standards㸧࡛ᐃ⩏ࡉࢀࡿࠕ୚࠼

GNVQ ࡛ྍ࡜ࡍࡿ⦆ࡸ࠿࡞ධᏛせ௳ࡢ኱Ꮫࡽࢀࡓ௙஦ࡢᙺ๭ࠖࡀᇶ࡟࡞ࡗ࡚࠾ࡾࠊ11ࡢቑຍ࡜࠸࠺ၥ㢟ࡶ࠶ࡿࠋࡢศ㔝࡟ࢃࡓࡗ࡚ᇶ‽໬ࡉࢀࠊ㈨᱁ᯟ⤌ࡳ

ࡉ࡚ࠊGNVQ ࡜ࡣ␗࡞ࡗ࡚ࠊ඲ⱥ⫋ᴗ㈨ࠊࠊࠊࠊࠊࠊࠊࠊࠊࠊࠊࠊࠊ
᱁㸦NVQ)ࡣࠊᙉ࠸⫋ᴗᣦྥᛶ࡜ᑓ㛛ᛶࢆᣢࠊࡕࠊ㈨᱁⋓ᚓせᮃࡶ㧗ࡃࠊホ౯ࡉࢀࡿࡇ࡜࡟ぢࡽࢀࡿࡼ࠺࡟ 1㸫5 ẁ㝵ࡢࣞ࣋ࣝ࡟ศ

࡟࡞ࡿࠋၥ㢟ࡣ NVQ ࡀ⌧ሙ࡛ࡢ⤒㦂୺⩏࡜ⱥᅜ࡛ࡣ 428 ୓ே㸦ປാຊேཱྀࡢ 14%㸧ࡀ⌧ሙఏ⤫୺⩏࡟ࡼࡾࠊࡑࡢࢫ࢟ࣝࡀ⊃ᑠ࡛

NVQ ࢆྲྀᚓࡋ࡚࠸ࡿࠋNVQ ࢆྲྀᚓࡍࡿࡓ

ࡑࡢ⌧ሙ࡛ࡋ࠿㏻⏝ࡋ࡞࠸࡜࠸࠺ࡶࡢ࡛ࡣ

ࡵ࡟ࡣࠊࡑࡢࣞ࣋ࣝ࡟ᛂࡌࡓ⫋ົ㐙⾜⬟ຊ࡞ࡃࠊྠࡌ⫋✀࡛࠶ࢀࡤᗈࡃ࡝ࡢ⫋ሙ࡛ࡶࢆᣢࡗ࡚࠸ࡿࡇ࡜ࢆ⫋ሙᐇᆅ࡟࡚ド᫂ࡍࡿ

㏻⏝ࡍࡿ࡜࠸࠺㐺ᛂᛶࡢ㧗࠸ࡶࡢࠊᢏ⬟࣭ᚲせࡀ࠶ࡿࠋලయⓗ࡟ࡣᰝᐃேࡢ๓࡛ᴗົ

ᢏ⾡ຊࡢⓎᒎⓗᛂ⏝ᛶࢆࡶ㏣ồࡍࡿࡇ࡜࡛
ࠊࠊࠊࠊࠊࠊࠊࠊࠊࠊࠊ ࠊࠊࠊ ࠊࠊࠊ࠶ࡿࠋࡑࡢດຊࡢ⾲ࢀ࡜ࡋ࡚ࡢ NVQ ࡢࢫࢸࠊࠊࠊࠊࠊࠊࠊࠊࠊࠊࠊࠊࠊࠊࠊࠊࠊࠊࠊ
ࢵࣉ໬ࠊཬࡧ㈨᱁ᯟ⤌ࡳ࡛ࡢ࢔࢝ࢹ࣑ࢵࢡ

ࢆ᏶㐙ࡋ࡚ࡳࡏ㸦ᕤᴗᢏ⾡㛵ಀ࡛ࡢ≀సࡾ࠿ࢀ࡚࠸ࡿࠋ1 ࡣᇶᮏసᴗ࡛ࣞ࣋ࣝࠊ5 ࡣࢩࢽ࢔࣭࣐ࢿࢪ࣓ࣥࢺࡢ㐙⾜ࣞ࣋ࣝ࡜࡞ࡿࠋ

ᕤ⛬࡟࠾࠸࡚ࡣࠊᐇ㝿࡟ࡶࡢࡀࡘࡃࡽࢀ࡞
ࡅࢀࡤ࡞ࡽ࡞࠸ࡢ࡛࠶ࡿ㸨㸨㸧ࠊᰝᐃேࡀࡑࡢ





➨୍ᕤᴗ኱Ꮫ◊✲ሗ࿌ࠉ➨ྕࠉ సᴗࢆࢳ࢙ࢵࢡࡍࡿࡇ࡜࡜࡞ࡿࠋ≉ᐃࡢᒚࡣ㐪࠼࡝ࡶඹ㏻࡟㏻⏝ࡍࡿ㒊ရ㸧ࢆ⤌ࡳྜಟ᫬㛫ᩘࢆせồࡍࡿࡇ࡜ࡣ࡞ࡃࠊᖺ㱋ไ㝈ࢃࡏࠊ⌧ᆅ࡟㐺⏝ࡉࡏࡿࠋ༝㏆࡞౛࡛♧ࡋࡶᏑᅾࡋ࡞࠸ࠋ

ࡓࡀࠊඹ㏻࡟㏻⏝ࡍࡿࠕ㈨᱁ࠖࢆᵓᡂࡍࡿ

㸨ࡶࡕࢁࢇࠊ≀࡟ࡼࡗ࡚ࡣ 1 ࠿ࡽ᏶ᡂࡲ࡛〇ရసࡾࢆࠕ▱㆑ࠖࠕᢏ⾡ࠖࠕᢏ⬟ࠖࢆ᫂☜໬ࡋࠊࡇࢀ

ࡍࡿሙྜࡶ࠶ࢀࡤࠊ౛࠼ࡤ᪕┙ᕤ⛬࡞ࡽ᪕┙ᕤ⛬ࡢࡽࢆ⤌ࡳྜࢃࡏ࡚࠸ࡃ࡜࠸࠺⪃࠼᪉࡛࠶ࡿࠋ
ࠊࠊࠊࠊࠊࠊࠊࠊࠊࠊࠊࠊࠊࠊࠊࠊࠊࠊࠊࡇࡇ࡛㔜せ࡞ࡇ࡜ࡣࠊ࣮࣌ࣃ࣮ᡂᯝ࡛ࡣ࡞
ࠊࠊࠊࠊࠊࠊࠊࠊࠊࠊࠊࠊࠊࠊࠊࠊࠊࠊࠊ
ࡃᐇ㝿࡟ࠕ㹼ࡀ࡛ࡁࡿࠖ࡜ホ౯࡛ࡁࡿࡶࡢ
ࠊࠊࠊࠊࠊࠊࠊࠊࠊࠊࠊࠊࠊࠊࠊࠊࠊࠊ
ࡀᑂᰝ㸦ᰝᐃ㸧ᑐ㇟ࡔ࡜࠸࠺ࡇ࡜࡛࠶ࡿࠋ

ࡳࢆᰝᐃᑐ㇟࡜ࡍࡿሙྜࡶ࠶ࡿࠋࡑࢀ࡛ࡶ᪕┙ᕤ⛬࡜ࡋ࡚ࡢ〇ရࡢ᏶ᡂᗘࢆồࡵࡽࢀࡿࡇ࡜ࡣゝ࠺ࡲ࡛ࡶ࡞࠸ࠋಟᚓࡉࢀࡿᢏ⬟࣭ᢏ⾡ࡣࠊࡶࡕࢁࢇ㈨᱁࡜
➨ 4 ❶ ㈨᱁࡜ホ౯ࡢၥ㢟࠸ࡗ࡚ࡶ࡝ࡢࡼ࠺࡞⫋⬟ࡢ㈨᱁࠿࡟ࡼࡗ࡚㈨᱁ࢆ௜୚ࡍࡿ࡟㝿ࡋ࡚ࡣࠊࡑࢀ࡟┦ᙜ⤌ᡂࡢ㢮ᆺࡣ␗࡞ࡿࡋࠊෆᐜࡢ⥅⥆ⓗ࡞᳨ࡍࡿ࡜ࡋ࡚ࡢホ౯ࡀ࡞ࡉࢀࡿࢃࡅࡔࡀࠊࡑ

ウࡣ㈨᱁௜୚ᅋయ㸦ᶵ㛵㸧࡟࡜ࡗ࡚ࡣ୙ྍ

ࢀࡀ୍⯡ⓗ࡟㏻⏝ࡍࡿࡓࡵ࡟ࡣホ౯ᇶ‽ࡀḞ࡛࠶ࡿࠋ1992 ᖺࡢ᫬Ⅼ࡛ࡢ⫋ᴗ㈨᱁ࣔࢪ

᫂☜࡟࡞ࡉࢀࡿᚲせࡀ࠶ࡿࡋࠊࡉࡽ࡟ࡣホ࣮ࣗࣛ໬ࡢ୍౛࡜ࡋ࡚͆ࣅࢪࢿࢫ஦ົࡢỈ౯ᇶ‽⮬యࡢྥୖ࡟ດࡵࡿᚲせࡀ࠶ࡿࠋࡑ‽ 㸱 ͇ ࢆ ࠊ 㸺 BTEC, National Vocationalࡇ࡛⦅ࡳฟࡉࢀࡓࡢࡀࣔࢪ࣮ࣗࣛ᪉ᘧ࡜࠸

Qualifications : Administration at Level 3ࢃࢀࡿࡶࡢ࡛࠶ࡿࠋࣔࢪ࣮ࣗࣛ࡜ࡣࣔࢪࣗ

Part 2: Standards, BTEC, 1992, p.3 & p.34㸼

࣮ࣝ㸦ࠕᇶ‽ᑍἲࠖ㸧࡟ࡼࡗ࡚ศ๭ࡉࢀࡓᵓ

࠿ࡽᰗ⏣㞞᫂ࡀసᡂࡋࡓᅗ⾲ࡀ㠀ᖖ࡟ศ࠿⠏⤌ᡂ㸦⤌ࡳ❧࡚ࣘࢽࢵࢺ㸧ࢆព࿡ࡍࡿࠋ

ࡾࡸࡍ࠸ࡢ࡛ࠊ௨ୗ࡟⤂௓ࡍࡿ㸦ᰗ⏣㞞᫂᭱㏆ࡢఫᏯᘓ⠏࡛ࡶࡑࢀࡒࢀࡢ㒊ศࡀᕤሙࠕ࢖ࢠࣜࢫࡢ⫋ᴗ㈨᱁ྲྀᚓ㐣⛬࡟࠾ࡅࡿ࡛つ᱁⏕⏘ࡉࢀࠊ⌧ᆅ࡛⤌ࡳྜࢃࡉࢀࡿ᪉

ࠗᏛ⩦⤒㦂࠾ࡼࡧ᪤⩦ᚓᢏ⬟࣭⬟ຊࡢ༢఩ᘧ࡛࠶ࡿࡇ࡜ࡣ▱ࡽࢀ࡚࠸ࡿࡇ࡜࡛࠶ࡿࠋ
ࠊࠊࠊࠊࠊࠊ
ࠕᇶ‽ᑍἲ୍࡛ࠖ⯡໬ࡉࢀࡓ㒊ရࢆ㸦⌧ሙㄆᐃ࠘࡟㛵ࡍࡿ୍⪃ᐹࠖࠊ㛵ᮾᩍ⫱Ꮫ఍➨

䐟㈨᱁ྡ⛠Ỉ‽㻔㻸㼑㼎㼑㼘㻕

20 ྕࠊ1993 ᖺ㺂71 㡫㸧඲ᅜ⫋ᴗ㈨᱁䠄㻺㼂㻽㻕䚷䚷䝡䝆䝛䝇஦ົ䞉Ỉ‽䠏䚷㻔㻸㼑㼢㼑㼘㻌㻟㻕䐠༢఩䠓䠊䝇䜿䝆䝳䞊䝹⟶⌮䐡⫋ົせ⣲䠓䠊䠍䠊䚷䜰䝫䜲䞁䝖䝯䞁䝖⟶⌮䐢ホ౯ᇶ‽䚷䞉䚷ᡤᐃ᫬㛫ෆ䛻䜰䝫䜲䞁䝖䝯䞁䝖䜢ྲྀ䜚௜䛡䜛௚䠕䜒䛧䛟䛿䠍䠌༢఩䚷䠆䠓䠊䠎䚷⮬ศ⮬㌟䛾䝇䜿䝆䝳䞊䝹⟶⌮䚷䞉䚷䜰䝫䜲䞁䝖䝯䞁䝖䜢ᖖ䛻☜ㄆ䛩䜛䚷䞉䚷䝇䜿䝆䝳䞊䝹⟶⌮⏝䛾ᡭᖒ䞉ᶵჾ䛻㔜せ䛺᝟ሗ䜢ධຊ䛩䜛䛂䡚䛩䜛䛣䛸䛜༑ศ䛻㐙⾜䛷䛝䜛䛃䚷䞉䚷஦ែ䛾᥎⛣䜢䝇䜿䝆䝳䞊䝹⟶⌮⏝䛾ᡭᖒ䞉ᶵჾ䛻㔜せ䛺᝟ሗ䜢ධຊ䛩䜛䚷䞉䚷≧ἣ䛻ᑐ䛧䛶⮫ᶵᛂኚ䛻㎿㏿䜹䝒ⓗ☜䛻ᑐᛂ䛩䚷䞉䚷グධ᮲㡯䜢䚸ㄞ䜏᫆䛟ṇ☜䛺ᙧ䛷ᙜ᪥䜎䛷䛻ಖ⟶⟶⌮䛩䜛䚷䞉䚷సᴗ䜢ᖖ䛻Ᏻ඲䛻⾜䛖䚷䞉䚷☜ᐇ䛷ಙ㢗䛜䛚䛡䜛⫋ົ㐙⾜䜢ᖖ䛻⾜䛖ᒾᶫ㸸࢖ࢠࣜࢫ࡟࠾ࡅࡿ⫋ᴗᩍ⫱࡜㈨᱁ไᗘᨵ㠉㈨᱁Ỉ‽ࡢෆᐜࢆྛ⫋ᴗศ㔝࣭⫋✀࡟࠾ࡢ㐍Ṍ࡟ᛂࡌ࡚ࠕ㹼ࡍࡿࡇ࡜ࡀ࡛ࡁࡿࠖࡢ

࠸࡚ࣔࢪ࣮ࣗࣛ࡟ࡼࡗ࡚つ᱁໬ࡍࡿࡇ࡜࡛ࠊ

㧗ᗘ໬ࡀ㐍ࢇ࡛࠸ࡿࠋࡑࡋ࡚ࠊࡑࡢ㈨᱁ᯟ

㈨᱁ෆᐜࡢỈ‽࡜ホ౯ࡀᏳᐃࡋࠊከᵝ࡞㈨⤌ࡳ࡟࠾࠸࡚ࠊᑐ➼໬ࡀᐇ⌧ࡋ࡚࠸ࡿࠋ

᱁௜୚ᅋయࡀ NVQ ࠶ࡿ࠸ࡣࡑࢀ࡟┦ᙜࡢ㸦 https://www.pacey.org.uk/working-in-chilᩍ⫱࣭カ⦎㈨᱁ࡢάື࡟♫఍ⓗㄆ▱ࢆ☜ಖdcare/childminders/becoming-a-childminder/㸧ࡋ࡚ཧ⏬ࡍࡿࡇ࡜ࡀྍ⬟࡜࡞ࡗ࡚ࡃࡿࠋ⫋ࡑࢀࡣ᪥ᮏࡢ౛࡛࠸࠺࡜ࠊ⫋ᴗᑓ㛛Ꮫᰯ

ᴗ㈨᱁࡟ࡣࠊ௒᪥ࡢ࢖ࢠࣜࢫ࡛ࡣࠊNVQ ࡢࡢᑓಟᏛᰯ໬࡟క࠸ࠊ୍᮲ᰯ㸦Ꮫᰯᩍ⫱ἲ

࡯࠿࡟ BTECࠊSVQࠊCACHE ࡜࠸ࡗࡓ✀㢮➨ 1 ᮲࡟࠸࠺ࠕᏛᰯࠖ㸧ࡢ࢔࢝ࢹ࣑ࢵࢡ࣭ࢫ

ࡀ࠶ࡾࠊᅜᐙබㄆࡢ㈨᱁ㄆᐃᅋయ࡜ࡋ࡚ࠊ

ࢺ࣮࣒ࣜ࡜ࡢ᱁ᕪඞ᭹㸦ྠࡌ㡿㔝࡛ࡢ 4 ᖺ

EdexcelࠊRSAࠊCity& Guild ࡞࡝ࡀ࠶ࡿࠋඛ

ไ኱Ꮫ࡬ࡢ⦅ධ㸧ࡀ࡞ࡉࢀࡓࡇ࡜ࡢඛ౛࡜

㏙ࡢᰗ⏣ࡀ♧ࡋࡓࣔࢪ࣮ࣗࣛᵓᡂࡢཧ⪃ࡣࡶ࠸࠼ࡿࠋBTEC 㸦 Business and Technical Educationࡇ࠺ࡋ࡚ࠊ⛉Ꮫ࣭ᕤᴗᢏ⾡ࡢศ㔝࡛ࡣࡲ

Council㸧࠿ࡽ࡛࠶ࡾࠊࡑࡇ࡛ಟᚓࡋࡓ㈨᱁

ࡔᙅ࠸ࡢࡔࡀࠊ㈨᱁ᯟ⤌ࡳ࡜ホ౯ᇶ‽ࡢ᫂

㸦BTEC ࡢ㹼㈨᱁㸧ࡀᅜᐙ㈨᱁ᯟ⤌ࡳ࡟↷♧ⓗ☜❧㸦ཬࡧྥୖ㸧࡟ࡼࡾ EU ㅖᅜ࡜ࡢࡽࡋ࡚ྜ⮴ࡋࡓࡶࡢ࡟࡞ࡗ࡚࠸ࡿ࠿ࢆㄆドㄪᩚࢆࡣ࠿ࡾ࡞ࡀࡽࠊ⫋ᴗ㈨᱁ࡢ♫఍ⓗㄆࡍࡿᅋయࡀ Edexcel㸦ⱥᅜᨻᗓࡢチྍࢆཷࡅ▱ࡢྥୖ࡜᱁ᕪ᫝ṇࢆ㏣ồࡋ࡚ࡁ࡚࠸ࡿࠋ

࡚࠸ࡿⱥᅜ᭱኱ࡢⱥᅜᅜᐙ⫋ᴗ㈨᱁ㄆᐃᶵ

ࡉࡽ࡞ࡿㄢ㢟ࡣࠊ㧗➼ᩍ⫱ࠊ࡜ࡾࢃࡅ኱Ꮫ

㛵㸧࡞࡝࡛࠶ࡿࠋࡇ࠺࠸ࡗࡓ௙⤌ࡳࡣⱥᅜࡢỈ‽ࢆపୗࡉࡏࡿࡇ࡜࡞ࡃࠊ⫋ᴗ㈨᱁࡜

ෆࡔࡅ࡛࡞ࡃࠊ࡜ࡾࢃࡅ EU ᇦෆ࡛ࡢேཱྀ

࢔࢝ࢹ࣑ࢵࢡ㈨᱁ࡢ஫᥮ࡢ࠶ࡾ᪉㸦♫఍ⓗ⛣ືࡢ⮬⏤㸦ປാᕷሙࡢࢢ࣮ࣟࣂࣝ໬㸧ࢆㄆ▱ࡢၥ㢟ࡣู࡜ࡋ࡚ࠊ஫᥮ࡣ┤ࡕ࡟ෆᐜ཯ᫎࡋ࡚࣮ࣚࣟࢵࣃྛᅜࡸ࢔ࢪ࢔࡞࡝ୡ⏺

ࡢྠ୍໬ࢆព࿡ࡋ࡞࠸㸧ࢆࠊ࡝ࡢࡼ࠺࡟ᵓ

ྛᅜ࡛ᑟධࡉࢀ࡚࠸ࡿࠋࡑࡇ࡛ࡢᩍ⫱࣭カ⠏ࡋ࡚࠸ࡃ࠿࡜࠸࠺ࡇ࡜࡛࠶ࡿࠋࡲࡉ࡟ࠊ

⦎ࡣࠊࣔࢪ࣮ࣗࣝ౛ࡢ⾲࡟࠶ࡿࡼ࠺࡟ࠊ
ࠕ㹼࢖ࢠࣜࢫࡶ᪥ᮏࡶႚ⥭ࡢㄢ㢟࡛࠶ࡾࠊ௒ᚋ

ࡍࡿࡇ࡜ࡀ࡛ࡁࡿࠖ࡜࠸࠺ホ౯ᇶ‽࡛▱㆑ࡉࡽ࡟῝ࡵ࡚࠸࠿࡞ࡅࢀࡤ࡞ࡽ࡞࠸ࠋ

ࡔࡅ࡛ࡣ࡞ࡃᐇ㝿࡟౑࠼ࡿᐇົ⬟ຊࡢಟᚓࡀ┠ⓗ࡛࠶ࡿࠋࡶࡕࢁࢇ౛♧ࡋࡓࣅࢪࢿࢫ

ཧ⪃ᩥ⊩஦ົࡔࡅ࡛ࡣ࡞ࡃከ✀ከᵝ࡞⫋⬟ศ㔝ࢆᑐ

Aldcroft, D.H.,㇟࡟ࡋ࡚࠸ࡿࠋࡓ࡜࠼ࡤಖ⫱(Child-minding)

Economic

ࡶ 1990 ᖺ࡟ NQF ࡟ᯟ௜ࡅࡉࢀࡓࡀࠊࡑࡢ

Manchester, 1992.

ࣞ࣋ࣝ㸯ࡣᣦ♧ཪࡣᣦᑟࢆཷࡅ࡚㉥ࡕࡷࢇ

Michael Sanderson, Education and Economicࢆྵࡴಖ⫱ࡀ࡛ࡁࡿࠊࣞ࣋ࣝ 2 ࡣ๭ࡾᙜ࡚

Decline in Britain, 1870 to the 1990s.,

ࡽࢀࡓಖ⫱ኈ࡜ࡋ࡚ࡢάືࢆ⮬㌟ࡢุ᩿࡛

Cambridge University,෇⁥࡟⾜࠼ࡿࠊࣞ࣋ࣝ 3 ࡣ௚ࡢಖ⫱ኈࢆᣦ⩏ோ┘ヂࠗ࢖ࢠࣜࢫࡢ⤒῭⾶㏥࡜ᩍ⫱࠘ࠊ᫭ᑟࡍࡿࡇ࡜ࡀ࡛ࡁࡿࠊࣞ࣋ࣝ 4 ࡛ࡣಖ⫱ᅬ

ὒ᭩ᡣࠊ2010 ᖺࠋࡢ⟶⌮࣭㐠Ⴀࡀ࡛ࡁࡿ࡜࠸࠺ࡇ࡜ࡀ఩⨨࡙ᰗ⏣㞞᫂ࠕ࢖ࢠࣜࢫࡢ⫋ᴗ㈨᱁ྲྀᚓ㐣⛬࡟ࡅࡽࢀ࡚࠸ࡿࠋࡲࡓ┳ㆤࡢ㡿ᇦ࡛ࡶࠊ་⒪࠾ࡅࡿࠗᏛ⩦⤒㦂࠾ࡼࡧ᪤⩦ᚓᢏ⬟࣭⬟ຊ

Education, Training and

Performance

1944

to

1990,

1999. ヂ᭩ࡣᏳཎ➨୍ᕤᴗ኱Ꮫ◊✲ሗ࿌ࠉ➨ྕࠉ ࡢ༢఩ㄆᐃ࠘࡟㛵ࡍࡿ୍⪃ᐹࠖࠊ㛵ᮾᩍ⫱Ꮫ㧗㔝࿴Ꮚࠕ࢖ࢠࣜࢫ࡟࠾ࡅࡿᩍဨ㣴ᡂㄢ⛬఍➨ 20 ྕࠊ1993 ᖺࠋ

ࡢ⾜ᨻࠖࠊ᫂἞኱Ꮫᩍ⫋ㄢ⛬ᖺሗ 37 ྕࠊ2014ᒾᶫἲ㞝ࠕᏛ⩦࣭Ꮫᰯ࠿ࡽປാ࣭♫఍࡬ࡢᖺࠋ᥋⥆ࡇࡑࠖࠊ᪥ᮏᩍ⫱ไᗘᏛ఍⦅ࠗᩍ⫱ᨵ㠉ⓑᖭ┿⣖ࠗ࢖ࢠࣜࢫ࡟࠾ࡅࡿᏛ⩦࡜カ⦎ࡢ࡬ࡢᥦゝ㞟࠘
ࠊᮾಙᇽࠊ2002 ᖺࠋබඹ⟶⌮ࢩࢫࢸ࣒̿㟂せ୺ᑟ࢔ࣉ࣮ࣟࢳ࡬

ᒾᶫἲ㞝ࠕᩍ⫱ไᗘᨵ㠉ࠖࠊᡄ⬟㏻ཌ⦅ⴭࠗ⌧ࡢ㌿᥮̿࠘ࠊ኱Ꮫᩍ⫱ฟ∧ࠊ2015 ᖺࠋ௦࢖ࢠࣜࢫἲ஦඾࠘ ᪂ୡ♫ 2003 ᖺࠋ
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.H\ZRUGVồࡵࡽࢀࡿᩍᖌീࠊ㈨㉁⬟ຊࠊᐇ㊶ⓗᣦᑟຊࠊ㣴ᡂẁ㝵ࠊᩍ⫱ᨵ㠉                                               㸯 ࡣࡌࡵ࡟

࡚࠸ࡿࠋ㒊άື⤒㦂⪅ࡶከࡃࠊ㔝⌫㒊ࠊࢯࣇࢺ࣮࣎ ᮏᏛࡣࠊ⯟✵ᕤᏛ⛉ࠊ᝟ሗ㟁Ꮚࢩࢫࢸ࣒ᕤᏛ⛉ࠊࣝ㒊ࠊ㝣ୖ㒊ࠊࢧࢵ࣮࢝㒊࡞࡝య⫱⣔ࡀከࡃࠊ኱Ꮫ

ᶵᲔࢩࢫࢸ࣒ᕤᏛ⛉ࠊ⮬↛⎔ቃᕤᏛ⛉ࠊᘓ⠏ࢹࢨ࢖࡛ࡶᘬࡁ⥆ࡁࢧ࣮ࢡࣝάື࡛ά㌍ࡋ࡚࠸ࡿࠋ㧗ᰯ࡛ࣥᏛ⛉ࡢᕤᏛ㒊ࡢࡳࢆ⨨ࡃ኱Ꮫ࡛࠶ࡿࠋ

ࡢ㒊άືᮍ⤒㦂⪅ࡶ኱ᏛධᏛᚋࡣࠊᏛ཭఍ࠊ࣎ࣛࣥ

➹⪅ࡣࠊᩍ⫋ㄢ⛬ࡢࠕᕤᴗ⛉ᩍ⫱ἲࠖࠕᩍ⫱ᐇ⩦ࠖࢸ࢕࢔άືࠊἈ⦖㒓ᅵⱁ⬟㒊࡞࡝ఱࡽ࠿ࡢࢧ࣮ࢡࣝ

ࠕ஦๓࣭஦ᚋᣦᑟࠖࢆᢸᙜࡋ࡚࠸ࡿࠋྲྀᚓ࡛ࡁࡿᩍ

άື࡟ᡤᒓࡋ࡚࠸ࡿࠋ᫂ࡿࡃάືⓗ࡞Ꮫ⏕ࡀከ࠸ࠋဨචチࡢ✀㢮ࡣࠊᏛ⛉࡟ࡼࡗ࡚␗࡞ࡿࡀࠊ୰Ꮫᰯᩍ

ᩍဨࢆ┠ᣦࡍືᶵࡶࠊ୰Ꮫ࣭㧗ᰯ᫬௦ࡢᜠᖌ࡜ࡢ

ㅍ୍✀චチ≧㸦ᢏ⾡࣭ᩘᏛ㸧ࠊ㧗➼Ꮫᰯ୍✀චチ≧ฟ఍࠸ࢆ࠶ࡆࡿ⪅ࡀከ࠸ࡀࠊ㒊άື㢳ၥࡢ⢭⚄ⓗ࡞㸦ᕤᴗ࣭ᩘᏛ㸧࡛࠶ࡿࠋ

ᣦᑟ࡟่⃭ࢆཷࡅᣦᑟ⪅࡟࡞ࡾࡓ࠸࡜ᚿࡍ⪅ࡸ୙ⓏධᏛࡋ࡚ࡃࡿᏛ⏕ࡢෆࠊᩍ⫋ࢆᕼᮃࡍࡿ⪅ࡣࠊᆅᰯࡢ⤒㦂ࡀ࠶ࡾࡑࢀࢆᩆࡗ࡚ࡃࢀࡓᜠᖌ࡟ᙳ㡪ࢆཷඖ㮵ඣᓥ┴ࢆࡣࡌࡵ஑ᕞྛ┴࠿ࡽ㐍Ꮫࡋ࡚ࡃࡿࠋࡑ

ࡅᩍဨࢆ┠ᣦࡍᏛ⏕ࡶ࠸ࡿࠋ

ࡢ኱༙ࡀࠊᬑ㏻⛉ࡢ࠶ࡿ㧗ᰯ࠿ࡽࡢᏛ⏕࡛࠶ࡿࡀࠊ ᩍ⫋࡟ᑵ࠸ࡓ༞ᴗ⏕ࡣࠊ㐣ཤ㸳ᖺ㛫ࢆ᣺ࡾ㏉ࡿ࡜ࠊ౛ᖺ㸰๭㏆ࡃࡢᏛ⏕ࡀᕤᴗ⛉ࡢ࠶ࡿ㧗ᰯ࠿ࡽ㐍Ꮫࡋẖᖺ㸱ே࠿ࡽ㸵ேࡢ⪅ࡀᮇ㝈௜ࡁᩍㅍࡸᐇ⩦ຓᡭ࡜➨୍ᕤᴗ኱Ꮫ◊✲ሗ࿌ࠉ➨ྕࠉ ࡋ࡚㡹ᙇࡗ࡚࠸ࡿࠋᮏᏛ࡛ࡣࠊ඲ᅜྛᆅ࡛ᩍဨ࡜ࡋ

࡝ࡢᐇ㊶ⓗᣦᑟຊࡢ⫱ᡂࢆ୍ᒙ㔜どࡍࡿࡇ࡜ࡀᚲせ࡚ά㌍ࡍࡿ༞ᴗ⏕ࡢ⤌⧊ࠕᩍ⫱఍ࠖࢆ⤖ᡂࡋᨭ᥼ࡋ

࡛࠶ࡿ࡜⪃࠼ࡽࢀࡿࠋ࣭࣭␎࣭࣭࣭ࠖ㸦୰ኸᩍ⫱ᑂ࡚࠸ࡿࠋ◊ಟࡢሙ࡜࡞ࡾ᝟ሗ஺᥮ࡢሙ࡜ࡶ࡞ࡗ࡚࠸

㆟఍➨୍ḟ⟅⏦ࡼࡾ୍㒊ᢤ⢋㸧࡜ᐇ㊶ⓗᣦᑟຊࡢ⫱ࡿࠋẖᖺ㸯ྡ࠿ࡽ㸰ྡࡢ⪅ࡀࠊ᥇⏝ヨ㦂ࢆཷࡅṇᘧᡂࡢ୍ᒙࡢ㔜どࢆồࡵ࡚࠸ࡿࠋ

᥇⏝࡟࡞ࡗ࡚࠸ࡿࠋ㏆ᖺ᥇⏝ࡀࠊⱝᖸྡ࡜ཝࡋ࠸≧ࡇࡢ⟅⏦ࢆཷࡅᩍ⫱⫋ဨ㣴ᡂᑂ㆟఍ࡣࠊ ᖹᡂ

ἣࡀ⥆ࡁࠊ௻ᴗࡢዲㄪ࡞ồேࡶ࠶ࡾࠊᩍ⫋࡬ࡢᕼᮃ ᖺ  ᭶ࡢ➨  ḟ⟅⏦ࠕ᪂ࡓ࡞᫬௦࡟ྥࡅࡓᩍဨ㣴⪅ࡀᑡ࡞࠸≧ἣࡀ⥆࠸࡚࠸ࡿࠋ

ᡂࡢᨵၿ᪉⟇࡟ࡘ࠸࡚ࠖࡢᥦゝࡢ୰࡛ࠊࠕ௒ᚋ≉࡟ᩍဨචチྲྀᚓ⪅ᩘࢆᖺᗘู࡟ேᩘࢆぢ࡚ࡳࡿ࡜ࠊᖹᡂ  ᖺᗘ  ྡࠊᖹᡂ  ᖺᗘ  ྡࠊᖹᡂ  ᖺᗘᩍဨ࡟ồࡵࡽࢀࡿලయⓗ㈨㉁⬟ຊࠖ࡟࠾࠸࡚ලయⓗ
࡟ࡑࡢ㈨㉁⬟ຊ࡟ࡘ࠸࡚㏙࡭࡚࠸ࡿࠋ ྡࠊᖹᡂ  ᖺᗘ  ྡࠊᖹᡂ  ᖺᗘ  ྡ࡜ῶᑡᩍဨ࡟ồࡵࡽࢀࡿ㈨㉁⬟ຊࢆࠕ࠸ࡘࡢ᫬௦ࡶᩍဨ

ഴྥ࡟࠶ࡿࠋ ᖺၥ㢟ࢆ᥍࠼ࠊᩍ⫱Ỉ‽ࡢ⥔ᣢྥ࡟ồࡵࡽࢀࡿ㈨㉁⬟ຊࠖࠊࠕ௒ᚋ≉࡟ᩍဨ࡟ồࡵࡽୖࡢࡓࡵ࡟ࡶࠊ኱Ꮫ࡛ࡢࠕᩍ⛉ᣦᑟࠊ⏕ᚐᣦᑟ➼࡟ࢀࡿලయⓗ㈨㉁⬟ຊࠖࠊ㺀ᚓពศ㔝ࢆࡶࡘಶᛶ㇏࠿࡞

㛵ࡍࡿࠗ᭱ᑠ㝈ᚲせ࡞㈨㉁⬟ຊ࠘ࠖ㻌 ࡢ㣴ᡂ࡟ດࡵᩍ

ᩍဨࡢᚲせᛶ㺁ࢆୖࡆ࡚࠸ࡿࠋ
ࠕ࠸ࡘࡢ᫬௦ࡶᩍဨ࡟ồࡵࡽࢀࡿ㈨㉁⬟ຊࠖࡣࠊ⫋ㄢ⛬ࡢ඘ᐇࢆᅗࡿᚲせࡀ࠶ࡿ࡜ឤࡌ࡚࠸ࡿࠋ
ࡇࡇ࡛ࡣࠊᩍ⫱⫋ဨ㣴ᡂᑂ㆟఍ࡢ➨୍ḟ⟅⏦ࠗ᪂ࠕᑓ㛛ⓗ⫋ᴗ࡛࠶ࡿࠗᩍ⫋࠘࡟ᑐࡍࡿឡ╔ࠊ㄂ࡾࠊࡓ࡞᫬௦࡟ྥࡅࡓᩍဨ㣴ᡂࡢᨵၿ᪉⟇࡟ࡘ࠸࡚࠘ࡢ

୍యឤ࡟ᨭ࠼ࡽࢀࡓ▱㆑ࠊᢏ⬟➼ࡢ⥲య࡛ࠖ࠶ࡾࠊ

ࠕ௒ᚋ≉࡟ồࡵࡽࢀࡿ㈨㉁⬟ຊࠖ࡟ࡘ࠸࡚ࠊᮏᏛࡢ

ࠕࠗ⣲㉁࠘࡜ࡣ༊ูࡉࢀᚋኳⓗ࡟ᙧᡂྍ⬟࡞ࡶࡢࠖࠕᩍ⫱ᐇ⩦ࠖࢆ୰ᚰ࡜ࡋࡓࠕ஦๓࣭஦ᚋᣦᑟࠖ࡞࡝

࡛࠶ࡿ࡜ᥦ♧ࡋ࡚࠸ࡿࠋ
ࡢ㛵㐃⛉┠ࡸᩍ⫋ㄢ⛬ࡢ௚ࡢ⛉┠࡜ࡢ㐃ᦠࡋࡓྲྀ⤌࡟ࡘ࠸࡚ࠊᮏᏛࡢᩍ⫋ㄢ⛬࡛ࡢㄢ㢟ࡸᡂᯝࢆࠊࠕᩍ

㸦㸰㸧௒ᚋ≉࡟ᩍဨ࡟ồࡵࡽࢀࡿලయⓗ㈨㉁⬟ຊࠕ௒ᚋ≉࡟ᩍဨ࡟ồࡵࡽࢀࡿලయⓗ㈨㉁⬟ຊࠖ࡟⫱ᐇ⩦᪥ㄅࠖ࡞࡝ࢆཧ⪃࡟⪃ᐹࡍࡿࠋ
ࡘ࠸࡚ࡣࠊୖグࡢ୍⯡ⓗ࡞㈨㉁⬟ຊࡢୖ࡟ࠊ㸱ࡘࡢ㸰 ᩍဨ࡟ồࡵࡽࢀࡿ㈨㉁⬟ຊලయⓗ㈨㉁⬟ຊࡀồࡵࡽࢀ࡚࠸ࡿ࡜ᥦゝࡋ࡚࠸ࡿࠋ

㸰㸫㸯 ᩍဨ࡟ồࡵࡽࢀࡿ㈨㉁⬟ຊ㸦㸯㸧࠸ࡘࡢ᫬௦ࡶᩍဨ࡟ồࡵࡽࢀࡿ㈨㉁⬟ຊ>ཧ⪃ᅗ@௒ᚋ≉࡟ᩍဨ࡟ồࡵࡽࢀࡿලయⓗ㈨㉁⬟ຊࡢ౛୰ኸᩍ⫱ᑂ㆟఍ࡣ㸪 ᖺ㸦ᖹᡂ 㸧ᖺ㸵᭶࡟ࠕ㸰ᆅ⌫ⓗど㔝䛻❧䛳䛶⾜ື䛩䜛䛯䜑䛾㈨㉁⬟ຊ㻌㸯ୡ⣖ࢆᒎᮃࡋࡓᡃࡀᅜࡢᩍ⫱ࡢᅾࡾ᪉࡟ࡘ࠸࡚ࠖ

‫ج‬ᆅ⌫㸪ᅜᐙ㸪ே㛫➼࡟㛵ࡍࡿ㐺ษ࡞⌮ゎ㸦➨୍ḟ⟅⏦㸧ࢆⓎ⾲ࡋࡓࠋࡑࡢࠕ➨㸰㒊➨㸯❶ ࡇ౛㸸ᆅ⌫ほ㸪ᅜᐙほ㸪ே㛫ほ㸪ಶே࡜ᆅ⌫ࢀ࠿ࡽࡢᏛᰯࡢᅾࡾ᪉  ᪂ࡋ࠸Ꮫᰯᩍ⫱ࡢᐇ⌧ࡸᅜᐙࡢ㛵ಀ࡟ࡘ࠸࡚ࡢ㐺ษ࡞⌮ゎ㸪♫ࡢࡓࡵࡢ᮲௳ᩚഛ➼ >@ᩍဨࡢ㈨㉁࣭⬟ຊࡢྥୖࠖ

఍࣭㞟ᅋ࡟࠾ࡅࡿつ⠊ព㆑ࡢ࡞࠿࡛ࠊࡇࢀ࠿ࡽồࡵࡽࢀࡿᩍဨࡢ㈨㉁࣭⬟ຊ࡟ࡘ࠸࡚ㄝ᫂ࡋ࡚࠸ࡿࠋ
ࠕ࣭࣭࣭␎࣭࣭࣭ᩍဨ࡟ᙉࡃせㄳࡉࢀࡿࠊ㹙⏕ࡁ ౛㸸ே㛫ᑛ㔜࣭ேᶒᑛ㔜ࡢ⢭⚄㸪⏨ዪᖹ➼ࡢ⢭⚄㸪ᛮ࠸ࡸࡾࡢᚰ㸪࣎ࣛࣥࢸ࢕࢔⢭⚄ࡿຊ㹛ࢆࡣࡄࡃࡴᏛᰯᩍ⫱ࢆᒎ㛤ࡍࡿࡓࡵࡢ㇏࠿࡞

‫ؤ‬ᅜ㝿♫఍࡛ᚲせ࡜ࡉࢀࡿᇶᮏⓗ㈨㉁⬟ຊே㛫ᛶ࡜ᑓ㛛ⓗ࡞▱㆑࣭ᢏ⾡ࡸᖜᗈ࠸ᩍ㣴ࢆᇶ┙࡜ ౛㸸⪃࠼᪉ࡸ❧ሙࡢ┦㐪ࢆཷᐜࡋከᵝ࡞౯

ࡍࡿᐇ㊶ⓗ࡞ᣦᑟຊࢆᇵ࠺ࡓࡵ࡟ࡣࠊᩍဨࡢ㣴ᡂࠊ್ほࢆᑛ㔜ࡍࡿែᗘ㸪ᅜ㝿♫఍࡟㈉⊩ࡍ᥇⏝ࠊ◊ಟࡢྛẁ㝵ࢆ㏻ࡌࠊ᪋⟇ࡢ୍ᒙࡢ඘ᐇࢆᅗ

ࡿែᗘ㸪⮬ᅜࡸᆅᇦࡢṔྐ࣭ᩥ໬ࢆ⌮ゎࡗ࡚࠸ࡃᚲせࡀ࠶ࡿࠋᩍဨ࡟ồࡵࡽࢀࡿ㈨㉁࣭⬟ຊࡋᑛ㔜ࡍࡿែᗘ

࡟ࡘ࠸࡚ࡣࠊᏛᰯẁ㝵࡟ࡼࡗ࡚␗࡞ࡿࡀࠊᩍဨ㣴ᡂኚ໬䛾᫬௦䜢⏕䛝䜛♫఍ே䛻ồ䜑䜙䜜䜛㈨㉁⬟ຊ㻌ࡸ◊ಟࢆ㏻ࡌ࡚ࠊᩍ⛉ᣦᑟࡸ⏕ᚐᣦᑟࠊᏛ⣭⤒Ⴀ࡞‫ج‬ㄢ㢟ゎỴ⬟ຊ➼࡟㛵ࢃࡿࡶࡢ

ᚫỌ㸸ᩍ⫱ᐇ⩦࡜㛵㐃⛉┠ࡢᣦᑟ࡟㛵ࡍࡿ⪃ᐹ㸫ᐇ⩦᪥ㄅ࡜ホ౯⾲࡜ࡢẚ㍑࣭ศᯒ㸫㐺ษ࡞⌮ゎ

౛㸸ಶᛶ㸪ឤᛶ㸪๰㐀ຊ㸪ᛂ⏝ຊ㸪ㄽ⌮ⓗ‫ ۑ‬ᗂඣ࣭ඣ❺࣭⏕ᚐほ㸪ᩍ⫱ほ㸦ᅜᐙ࡟࠾

ᛮ⪃ຊ㸪ㄢ㢟ゎỴ⬟ຊ㸪⥅⥆ⓗ࡞⮬ᕫᩍࡅࡿᩍ⫱ࡢᙺ๭࡟ࡘ࠸࡚ࡢ⌮ゎࢆྵࡴࠋ㸧⫱ຊ ᩍ⫋࡟ᑐࡍࡿឡ╔㸪㄂ࡾ㸪୍యឤ‫ج‬ே㛫㛵ಀ࡟㛵ࢃࡿࡶࡢ ‫ ۑ‬ᩍ⫋࡟ᑐࡍࡿ᝟⇕࣭౑࿨ឤ㸪Ꮚ࡝ࡶ࡟ᑐ

౛㸸♫఍ᛶ㸪ᑐே㛵ಀ⬟ຊ㸪ࢥ࣑ࣗࢽࢣ࣮

ࡍࡿ㈐௵ឤࡸ⯆࿡࣭㛵ᚰࢩࣙࣥ⬟ຊ㸪ࢿࢵࢺ࣮࣡࢟ࣥࢢ⬟ຊ ᩍ⛉ᣦᑟ㸪⏕ᚐᣦᑟ➼ࡢࡓࡵࡢ▱㆑㸪ᢏ⬟‫♫ؤ‬఍ࡢኚ໬࡟㐺ᛂࡍࡿࡓࡵࡢ▱㆑ཬࡧᢏ⬟ཬࡧែᗘ   ౛㸸⮬ᕫ⾲⌧⬟ຊ እᅜㄒࡢࢥ࣑ࣗࢽࢣ࣮
ࢩࣙࣥ⬟ຊࢆྵࡴࠋ 㸪࣓ࢹ࢕࢔࣭ࣜࢸ‫ ۑ‬ᩍ⫋ࡢព⩏ࡸᩍဨࡢᙺ๭࡟㛵ࡍࡿṇ☜࡞ࣛࢩ࣮㸪ᇶ♏ⓗ䛺䝁䞁䝢䝳䞊䝍ά⏝⬟ຊ▱㆑㸪Ꮚ࡝ࡶࡢಶᛶࡸㄢ㢟ゎỴ⬟ຊࢆ⏕࠿ᩍဨ䛾⫋ົ䛛䜙ᚲ↛ⓗ䛻ồ䜑䜙䜜䜛㈨㉁⬟ຊ㻌ࡍ⬟ຊ㸪Ꮚ࡝ࡶࢆᛮ࠸ࡸࡾឤ᝟⛣ධ࡛ࡁࡿ

‫ج‬ᗂඣ࣭ඣ❺࣭⏕ᚐࡸᩍ⫱ࡢᅾࡾ᪉࡟㛵ࡍࡿࡇ࡜㸪࢝࢘ࣥࢭࣜࣥࢢ࣭࣐࢖ࣥࢻ㸪ᅔ㞴࡞஦ែࢆ࠺ࡲࡃฎ⌮࡛ࡁࡿ⬟ຊ㸪ᆅᇦ࣭ᐙᗞ

㐺ษ࡞⌮ゎ

࡜ࡢ෇⁥࡞㛵ಀࢆᵓ⠏࡛ࡁࡿ⬟ຊ౛㸸ᗂඣ࣭ඣ❺࣭⏕ᚐほ㸪ᩍ⫱ほ㸦ᅜᐙ࡟࠾ࡅࡿᩍ⫱ࡢᙺ๭࡟ࡘ࠸࡚ࡢ⌮ゎࢆ ௨ୖࡢࡼ࠺࡟ࠊࡑࢀࡒࢀࡢ㈨㉁⬟ຊ࡜ࡋ࡚ලయⓗྵࡴࠋ㸧࡟౛♧ࡋ࡚࠸ࡿࠋ

‫ج‬ᩍ⫋࡟ᑐࡍࡿឡ╔㸪㄂ࡾ㸪୍యឤ ౛㸸ᩍ⫋࡟ᑐࡍࡿ᝟⇕࣭౑࿨ឤ㸪Ꮚ࡝ࡶ㸰㸫㸰኱Ꮫࡢᩍ⫋ㄢ⛬ࡢᙺ๭

࡟ᑐࡍࡿ㈐௵ឤࡸ⯆࿡࣭㛵ᚰ‫ؤ‬ᩍ⛉ᣦᑟ㸪⏕ᚐᣦᑟ➼ࡢࡓࡵࡢ▱㆑㸪㸦㸯㸧ᩍဨࡢ㈨㉁⬟ຊࡢᙧᡂ㐣⛬᫛࿴  ᖺ⟅⏦࡛ᣦ᦬ࡉࢀ࡚࠸ࡿࡼ࠺࡟ࠊ
ࠕ͐ᩍဨᢏ⬟ཬࡧែᗘ

࡜ࡋ࡚ࡢ㈨㉁⬟ຊࡣࠊ㣴ᡂ࣭᥇⏝࣭⌧⫋◊ಟࡢྛẁ౛㸸ᩍ⫋ࡢព⩏ࡸᩍဨࡢᙺ๭࡟㛵ࡍࡿṇ㝵ࢆ㏻ࡌ࡚ᙧᡂࡉࢀ࡚࠸ࡃࡶࡢ࡛࠶ࡾࠊࡑࡢྥୖࢆ

☜࡞▱㆑㸪Ꮚ࡝ࡶࡢಶᛶࡸㄢ㢟ゎỴ⬟ᅗࡿࡓࡵࡢ᪉⟇ࡣࠊࡑࢀࡒࢀࡢẁ㝵ࢆ㏻ࡌ࡚⥲ྜⓗຊࢆ⏕࠿ࡍ⬟ຊ㸪Ꮚ࡝ࡶࢆᛮ࠸ࡸࡾឤ

࡟ㅮࡌࡽࢀࡿᚲせࡀ࠶ࡾࠊᩍဨࡢ⫋㈐࡟ࡩࡉࢃࡋ࠸

᝟⛣ධ࡛ࡁࡿࡇ࡜㸪࢝࢘ࣥࢭࣜࣥࢢ࣭

㈨㉁⬟ຊࡣࠊᩍဨ㣴ᡂࡢࡳ࡞ࡽࡎᩍ⫋⏕άࢆ㏻ࡌ࡚

࣐࢖ࣥࢻ㸪ᅔ㞴࡞஦ែࢆ࠺ࡲࡃฎ⌮࡛ḟ➨࡟ᙧᡂࡉࢀ࡚࠸ࡃࡶࡢ࡛࠶ࡿࠋࠖ࡜㏙࡭࡚࠸ࡿࠋ
ࡁࡿ⬟ຊ㸪ᆅᇦ࣭ᐙᗞ࡜ࡢ෇⁥࡞㛵ಀ

ᩍဨࡢ㈨㉁⬟ຊࡣࠊ㣴ᡂẁ㝵ࢆྵࡵᩍဨࡢ⏕ᾭ࡟ࢆᵓ⠏࡛ࡁࡿ⬟ຊࢃࡓࡾ⤯࠼ࡎࡑࡢྥୖࡀᅗࡽࢀࡿ࡭ࡁࡶࡢ࡛࠶ࡿࠋ

኱Ꮫࢆ୰ᚰ࡜ࡋࡓᩍဨ㣴ᡂࡢᯝࡓࡍ࡭ࡁᙺ๭ࢆ᫂ࡽ

ࠕ௒ᚋ≉࡟ᩍဨ࡟ồࡵࡽࢀࡿලయⓗ㈨㉁⬟ຊࡢ౛ࠖ࡟ࡘ࠸࡚ࠊࡲ࡜ࡵࡿ࡜ձ ᆅ⌫ࡸே㢮ࡢⓗど㔝࡟❧ࡗ࡚⾜ືࡍࡿࡓࡵࡢ
㈨㉁⬟ຊղ ኚ໬ࡢ᫬௦ࢆ⏕ࡁࡿ♫఍ே࡟ồࡵࡽࢀࡿ㈨㉁⬟ຊճ ᩍဨࡢ⫋ົ࠿ࡽᚲ↛ⓗ࡟ồࡵࡽࢀࡿ㈨㉁⬟ຊ࠿࡟ࡍࡿほⅬ࠿ࡽࠊ㣴ᡂ࣭᥇⏝࣭⌧⫋◊ಟࡢྛẁ㝵ࡢᙺ๭ศᢸࡢ࢖࣓࣮ࢪࢆ௨ୗ࡟⾲ࡋ࡚࠸ࡿࠋ>ཧ⪃ᅗ@ᩍဨࡢ㈨㉁⬟ຊࡢᙧᡂ࡟ಀࢃࡿᙺ๭ศᢸࡢ࢖࣓࣮ࢪ

㣴ᡂẁ㝵 ᑓᨷࡍࡿᏛၥศ㔝࡟ಀࡿᩍ⛉ෆᐜࡢᒚಟ࡜࡜ࡶ࡟ࠊᩍဨචチไᗘୖᒚಟࡀᚲせ࡜ࡉࢀ࡚࠸ࡿᤵᴗ⛉┠ࡢ༢఩ಟᚓ➼ࢆ㏻ࡌ
࡚ࠊᩍ⛉ᣦᑟࠊ⏕ᚐᣦᑟ➼࡟㛵ࡍࡿࠕ᭱ᑠ ࡇࢀࡽ㸱ࡘࡢ࠺ࡕճ࡟ࡘ࠸࡚ࡣࠊࡉࡽ࡟⣽࠿ࡃồ㝈ᚲせ࡞㈨㉁⬟ຊࠖ㸦᥇⏝ᙜึ࠿ࡽᏛ⣭ࡸࡵ࡚࠸ࡿࠋ

ᩍ⛉ࢆᢸ௵ࡋࡘࡘࠊᩍ⛉ᣦᑟࠊ⏕ᚐᣦᑟ➼ ᗂඣ࣭ඣ❺࣭⏕ᚐࡸᩍ⫱ࡢᅾࡾ᪉࡟㛵ࡍࡿࡢ⫋ົࢆⴭࡋ࠸ᨭ㞀ࡀ⏕ࡌࡿࡇ࡜࡞ࡃᐇ㊶





➨୍ᕤᴗ኱Ꮫ◊✲ሗ࿌ࠉ➨ྕࠉ ࡛ࡁࡿ㈨㉁⬟ຊ㸧ࢆ㌟࡟௜ࡅࡉࡏࡿ㐣⛬ࠋᴗࢆ┠ᣦࡋࡓ㹇㹁㹒ࡢά⏝ࠊ࢔ࢡࢸ࢕ࣈ࣮ࣛࢽࣥࢢ

᥇⏝ẁ㝵 㛤ᨺไ࡟ࡼࡿከᵝ࡞ᩍဨචチ≧ྲྀ࡟ࡼࡿᤵᴗᒎ㛤ࠋ⏕ᚐᣦᑟ࡛ࡣࠊ⏕ᚐ⌮ゎࠊಙ㢗㛵ᚓ⪅ࡢᏑᅾࢆ๓ᥦ࡟ࠊᩍဨ࡜ࡋ࡚ࡼࡾඃ

ಀࡢᵓ⠏ࠋ୙Ⓩᰯࡸ࠸ࡌࡵၥ㢟࡬ࡢᑐฎ᪉࡜ࡋ࡚ࡢ

ࢀࡓ㈨㉁⬟ຊࢆ᭷ࡍࡿ⪅ࢆ௵࿨ᶒ⪅ࡀ㑅࢝࢘ࣥࢭࣜࣥࢢᢏ⾡࡞࡝ᐇ㊶ⓗᣦᑟຊࡢᚲせᛶࢆࠊ⪃ࡍࡿ㐣⛬ࠋ

࠶ࡽࡓࡵ࡚ឤࡌ࡚࠸ࡿࠋ

⌧⫋◊ಟẁ㝵 ௵࿨ᶒ⪅➼ࡀࠊ⫋ົୖཪࡣᮏே

࠶ࡿᏛ⏕ࡢᩍ⫱ᐇ⩦᪥ㄅ࡟ࡣࠊึࡵ࡚ࡢᤵᴗ࡛᣸

ࡢᕼᮃ࡟ᇶ࡙࠸࡚ࠊ⤒㦂ᖺᩘࠊ⫋⬟ࠊᢸᙜᢡឤࢆ࿡ࢃ࠸⮬ಙࢆኻ࠸ࡑ࠺࡟࡞ࡿࡀࠊᩍဨࢆ┠ᣦᩍ⛉ࠊᰯົศᤸ➼ࢆ㋃ࡲ࠼ࡓ◊ಟࢆ᪋ࡋࠊ

ࡍㄔᐇ࡞ே᯶ࡀ⏕ᚐࡸᩍဨ࡜ࡢಙ㢗㛵ಀࢆ⫱࡚ࠊ࿘ᩍဨ࡜ࡋ࡚ࡢᑓ㛛ⓗ㈨㉁⬟ຊࢆྥୖࡉࡏࡿ

ᅖ࡟ບࡲࡉࢀᩍဨ࡜ࡋ࡚ࡢྍ⬟ᛶࢆ⮬ࡽ᥈ࢁ࠺࡜ᠱ

㐣⛬ࠋ࠺ࡕࠊึ௵⪅◊ಟࡣࠊึ௵⪅࡟᥇⏝࿨࡟ດຊࡍࡿጼࡀ⏕ࡁ⏕ࡁ࡜⾲⌧ࡉࢀ࡚࠸ࡿࠋ

ᙜึ࠿ࡽᏛ⣭ࡸᩍ⛉ࢆᢸ௵ࡉࡏࡘࡘࠊୖグࡇࡢࡼ࠺࡟ࠊᩍ⫱ᐇ⩦ࡣࠊᩍဨࢆ┠ᣦࡍᏛ⏕࡟࡜ࡢ㣴ᡂẁ㝵࡛ಟᚓࡋࡓࠕ᭱ᑠ㝈ᚲせ࡞㈨㉁

ࡗ࡚⮬ࡽㄢ㢟࡟Ẽ࡙ࡁࡑࢀࢆඞ᭹ࡋࡼ࠺࡜ࡍࡿᶵ఍

⬟ຊࠖࢆࠊ෇⁥࡟⫋ົࢆ㐙⾜ࡋᚓࡿࣞ࣋ࣝ

࡜࡞ࡗ࡚࠸ࡿࠋࡑࡢࡇ࡜ࡣࠊᩍ⫱ᐇ⩦ࡲ࡛ࡢ㛫࡟ᩍࡲ࡛㧗ࡵࡿࡇ࡜ࢆ┠ⓗ࡜ࡍࡿࡶࡢࠋ⌧⫋◊⫱ࡢᇶ♏ⓗ⌮ゎ࡟㛵ࡍࡿ⛉┠➼࡟ࡘ࠸࡚ࡋࡗ࠿ࡾᏛ

ಟẁ㝵࡟ࡣࠊࡇࡢࡼ࠺࡞࠸ࢃࡤ⊃⩏ࡢ◊ಟಟࡋࠊ஦๓ᣦᑟࡸ⥲ྜ₇⩦࡞࡝ࢆ࡜࠾ࡋ࡚⌮ゎࢆ῝ࡢ࡯࠿ࠊᩍဨࢢ࣮ࣝࣉ࡟ࡼࡿ⮬୺◊ಟࡸᩍࡵࠊࡑࡢୖ࡛஦ᚋᣦᑟࠊᩍ⫋ᐇ㊶₇⩦࡞࡝ࡢㅮ⩏ࢆဨ⮬㌟ࡢ◊㛑ࠊࡉࡽ࡟ࡣ᪥ࠎࡢᩍ⫱ᐇ㊶ࢆ

࡜࠾ࡋ࡚ࠊᩍဨࢆ┠ᣦࡍ⮬ࡽࡢㄢ㢟࡟ࡘ࠸࡚ㄢ㢟ゎ

㏻ࡌ࡚㈨㉁⬟ຊࡢᙧᡂࡀᅗࡽࢀࡿ㐣⛬ࡶྵỴ࡟ྲྀ⤌ࠊ◊✲ࢆ῝ࡵ࡚࠸ࡃࡇ࡜ࡀᚲせ࡛࠶ࡿ࡜⪃ࡲࢀࡿࠋࡲࡓࠊ◊ಟࡢෆᐜ࡜ࡋ࡚ࡣࠊᩍဨ

࠼ࡿࠋ࡜ࡋ࡚ࡢ⫋ົ࡟┤᥋ⓗ࡟㛵ࢃࡿࡶࡢࡣࡶ࡜ࡼࡾࠊど㔝ࢆᗈࡆࡿࡇ࡜ࢆ┠ⓗ࡜ࡋࡓ♫఍㸱 ᩍ⫱ᐇ⩦ࡢ⪃ᐹయ㦂◊ಟ࡞࡝ࡶྵࡲࢀࡿࠋ

㸱㸫㸯 ᮏᏛࡢᩍ⫱ᐇ⩦ࡢ≧ἣᮏᏛ࡟࠾࠸࡚  ᖺ࠿ࡽ  ᖺࡲ࡛ࡢ㸳ᖺ㛫࡟㣴ᡂẁ㝵࡟ࡘ࠸࡚ࡣࠊᩍ⛉ᣦᑟࠊ⏕ᚐᣦᑟ➼࡟㛵ࠕᩍ⫱ᐇ⩦ࠖ࡟⮫ࢇࡔ⪅ࡣࠊ ྡࠊ ྡࠊ ྡࠊࡍࡿࠕ᭱ᑠ㝈ᚲせ࡞㈨㉁⬟ຊࠖ࡟ࡘ࠸࡚ࠊ᥇⏝ᙜึ ྡࠊ ྡ࡛࠶ࡿࠋ౛ᖺ  ྡ⛬ᗘ࡛࠶ࡗࡓࡀ ࠿ࡽᏛ⣭ࡸᩍ⛉ࡢᢸ௵ࢆ௵ࡉࢀࠊᩍ⛉ᣦᑟࠊ⏕ᚐᣦᖺᗘࡣࠊ ྡ࡜ᴟ➃࡟ᑡ࡞࠸ேᩘ࡜࡞ࡗࡓࠋ

ᑟ➼ࡢ⫋ົ࡟ᨭ㞀ࡀ⏕ࡌ࡞࠸㈨㉁⬟ຊࠊᐇ㊶ຊࢆ㌟࡟௜ࡅࡉࡏࡿࡇ࡜ࢆồࡵ࡚࠸ࡿࠋ

㸦㸯㸧ᩍ⫱ᐇ⩦ࡢᐇ⩦ᰯ࡛ࡢホ౯ࡢ᪉ἲ

ࡇࡢࡼ࠺࡟㣴ᡂẁ㝵࡟࠶ࡿ኱Ꮫࡣࠊࠕᩍဨ࡜࡞ࡿ ᩍ⫱ᐇ⩦࡟ࡘ࠸࡚ࡢホ౯࡟ࡘ࠸࡚⪃ᐹࡍࡿࠋホ౯㝿࡟ᚲせ࡞᭱ప㝈ࡢᇶ♏ⓗ࣭ᇶ┙ⓗ࡞Ꮫಟࠖࢆ⾜࠺㡯┠ࡣࠊḟࡢ㸵㡯┠࡛࠶ࡿࠋホ౯㡯┠ḍ࡟ࡣࠊ୍࢝

ẁ㝵࡛࠶ࡿࡇ࡜ࢆㄆ㆑ࡋࠊᐇ㊶ⓗᣦᑟຊࡢᇶ♏ࡢ⫱ᡤ✵ⓑࡢḍࢆタࡅ࡚࠸ࡿࠋࡇࢀࡣࠊᐇ⩦ᰯ࡛ྲྀࡾୖ

ᡂ࡟ດࡵ㸪ᩍ⫋ࢆయ㦂ࡉࡏࡿᩍ⫱ᐇ⩦ࡀࠊᩍ⫋ㄢ⛬ࡆࡓ࠸ホ౯㡯┠ࢆ࠶ࡆ࡚ࡶࡽ࠸ホ౯ࡋ࡚࠸ࡓࡔࡃࡼ

ࡢᏛ⏕࡟⮬ࡽࡢᩍဨ࡜ࡋ࡚ࡢ㐺ᛶࢆ⪃࠼ࡉࡏࡿᶵ఍

࠺࡟࠾㢪࠸ࡋ࡚࠸ࡿࡀࠊ
ࡇࢀࡲ࡛ࡑࡢά⏝౛ࡣ࡞࠸ࠋ
࡜࡞ࡿࡼ࠺࡟඘ᐇࡉࡏ࡚࠸ࡃᚲせࡀ࠶ࡿ࡜⪃࠼ࡿࠋ  㸯㸧ホ౯㡯┠࡜ෆᐜ ᩍ⫱ᐇ⩦ࢆ⤊࠼ࡓᏛ⏕ࡣࠊࡑࡢ⤒㦂࠿ࡽᩍဨ࡜ࡋ࡚ձ ࠕᩍ⫋࡟ᑐࡍࡿ⮬ぬࠖࡢㄢ㢟࡟Ẽ࡙ࡁࠊ஦ᚋᣦᑟࡸᩍ⫋ᐇ㊶₇⩦࡞࡝ࡢㅮ⫋ሙ࡟ᑐࡍࡿ⮬ศࡢ⪃࠼ࢆᖖ࡟ၥ࠸┤ࡋ㸪ᐇ⩏ࡀࠊㄢ㢟ゎỴࡢྲྀ⤌࡜ᩍဨ࡜ࡋ࡚ࡢᚲせ࡞㈨㉁⬟⩦ࢆ㏻ࡋ࡚ᩍ⫋࡟ᑐࡍࡿ⮬ぬࡀ῝ࡵࡽࢀࡓ࠿ࠋ

ຊ࡟ࡘ࠸࡚ၥ࠸┤ࡋ◊✲ࡍࡿᶵ఍࡜࡞ࡿࠋղ ࠕ⏕ᚐ୍ேࡦ࡜ࡾࡢ౯್ࡢᑛ㔜ࠖࡲࡓࠊᏛᰯ⌧ሙ࡛ࡢᐇ⩦ࡣࠊᩍ⫱࡟ᦠࢃࡿࡇ࡜ࡢ
㞴ࡋࡉࡸཝࡋࡉࢆឤࡌ࡞ࡀࡽࠊᏛ⩦ᣦᑟࡢศ࠿ࡿᤵ

⏕ᚐ୍ேࡦ࡜ࡾࡢ㢪࠸ࢆឤࡌ࡜ࡾ㸪ࡑࡢྍ⬟ᛶࡢᐇ⌧࡟ྥࡗ࡚㸪ᖖ࡟ດຊࡋ࡚࠸ࡓ࠿ࠋ

ᚫỌ㸸ᩍ⫱ᐇ⩦࡜㛵㐃⛉┠ࡢᣦᑟ࡟㛵ࡍࡿ⪃ᐹ㸫ᐇ⩦᪥ㄅ࡜ホ౯⾲࡜ࡢẚ㍑࣭ศᯒ㸫ճ ࠕ௚⪅ࡢ⌮ゎ࡜⮬ᕫࡢኚ㠉ࠖᣦᑟᩍㅍࢆࡣࡌࡵᩍ⫋ဨࡸ௰㛫ࡢᐇ⩦⏕࡟ᑐࡋ࡚ᖖ࡟ᚰࢆ㛤ࡁ㺂⌮ゎࡋࡼ࠺࡜ヨࡳ㸪ࡑࡇ࡛Ꮫࢇ࡛࠸ࡃ

⪅࡛࠶ࡗࡓࠋ㸯㸷Ⅼࡀ㸰ྡ㸦㸳㸣㸧୰Ꮫᰯ㸯ྡࠊ㧗ᰯ㸯ྡ࡛࠶ࡗࡓࠋ
Ⅼᩘࡀప࠿ࡗࡓᐇ⩦⏕ࡣࠊᩍ⫱ᐇ⩦࡜࠸࠺ࡣࡌࡵ࡚ࡢ

஦᯶ࢆ⮬ศࡢᐇ⩦࡟⏕࠿ࡑ࠺࡜ࡋࡓ࠿ࠋ

⤒㦂࡟ືᦂࡋᏛಟࡋ࡚ࡁࡓࡇ࡜ࢆ༑ศ࡟Ⓨ᥹࡛ࡁ࡞࠸մ ࠕᩍᮦ◊✲ࠖࡲࡲ࡟⤊ࢃࡗࡓᏛ⏕ࡶ࠸ࡿࠋᩍᮦ◊✲ࡸᣦᑟ᱌సᡂ࡟ᅃ

ᩍ⛉ෆᐜ࡟ࡘ࠸࡚Ꮫၥⓗ࡞◊✲ࢆ῝ࡵ㸪ࡑࢀࢆᇶࢃࢀ⏕ᚐ࡜ࡢࢥ࣑ࣗࢽࢣ࣮ࢩࣙࣥࡀ␯࠿࡟࡞ࡗࡓࡾࠊ
᪥♏࡟ࡋ࡚ᩍᮦࢆ㑅ᢥࡋ㺂๰ពⓗ࡟ᤵᴗィ⏬ࢆ❧࡚ࡼㄅࡢᥦฟࡀ㐜ࢀࡓࡾ࡜ⱞປࡋ࡚࠸ࡓࡼ࠺ࡔࠋ
ࡇࢀ࡟ࡘ࠸࠺࡜ࡋࡓ࠿ࠋ

࡚ࡣࠊᏛ⏕ࡢᩍᮦ◊✲ࡸᣦᑟ᱌సᡂࡢࢫ࢟ࣝ࢔ࢵࣉࢆᅗյ ࠕᤵᴗᒎ㛤ࠖࡿࡓࡵ࡟㺂ᩍ⫋ㄢ⛬ᢸᙜ⪅ࡀ┦஫࡟㐃ᦠࢆᅗࡿྲྀ⤌ࡀᚲ⏕ᚐࡢ⾲᝟ࡸⓎゝࢆⓗ☜࡟⌮ゎࡋ࡞ࡀࡽ㸪㐺ษ࡞Ⓨၥ㺃ㄝ᫂㺃ᯈ᭩࡞࡝࡟ࡼࡗ࡚ពḧⓗ࡞Ꮫ⩦ࢆᒎ㛤ࡉせ࡛࠶ࡿ࡜ឤࡌ࡚࠸ࡿࠋ
୍᪉ࠊ㧗࠸ホ౯ࢆ࠸ࡓࡔ࠸ࡓᐇ⩦⏕ࡢഴྥࡣࠊᐇ⩦᪥ࡏࡼ࠺࡜ࡋࡓ࠿ࠋ

ㄅ࡛ࡢᣦᑟᩍㅍࡢࡸࡾ࡜ࡾ࠿ࡽࠊ
ᐇ⩦࡟ྲྀࡾ⤌ࡴጼໃࡀն ࠕ⏕ᚐࡢ㞟ᅋάືࡢᢕᥱ࡜ᣦᑟࠖ

ᠱ࿨࡛࠶ࡾ┿ᦸ࡛࠶ࡿࠋᐇ⩦ࡀጞࡲࡾᩘ᪥ᚋࠊᯈ᭩ࡸⓎᩍ⛉௨እࡢ⏕ᚐࡸᏛ⣭ࡢㅖάື࡟✚ᴟⓗ࡟ཧຍࡋ㸪⮬ኌࡢ᪉ἲ࡟ࡘ࠸࡚ᣦ᦬ࢆཷࡅࡓᐇ⩦⏕ࡀࠊ✵ࡁ᫬㛫ࡸ໅

἞ⓗ㞟ᅋάືࡢᩍ⫱ⓗព⩏ࢆ⌮ゎࡋࡼ࠺࡜ࡋࡓ࠿ࠋ

ົ⤊஢ᚋ࡟ᯈ᭩ࡢ⦎⩦ࢆᠱ࿨࡟⾜࠸ࠊᩘ᪥ᚋᨵၿࡀぢࡽշ ࠕ஦ົ࣭ᐇົ⬟ຊࠖࢀࡓࠋࡲࡓࠊሗ࿌ࠊ㐃⤡ࠊ┦ㄯࡀᚭᗏࡉࢀ࡚࠾ࡾࠊᣦᑟ

Ꮫ⣭⤒Ⴀୖࡢ஦ົฎ⌮࡞࡝ࡀⓗ☜࡟࡛ࡁࡓ࠿ࠋᐇ⩦グ㘓ࡸ᭩㢮࡞࡝ࢆᮇ㝈ෆ࡟సᡂࡋᥦฟࡋࡓ࠿ࠋ
ࡑࡋ࡚ࡇࢀ࡟ࠕ⥲ྜホ౯ࠖࡀຍࢃࡿࠋ
ྛ㡯┠ࠊ㸿㸸ඃࢀ࡚࠸ࡿࠋ㹀㸸༑ศດຊࡋࡓࠋ㹁㸸࠸ᩍㅍࢆಙ㢗ࡋ࡚࠸ࡿᵝᏊࡶぢࡽࢀࡿࠋࡇࢀࡽࡢᏛ⏕ࡣࠊ᪥㡭ࡢᏛ⏕⏕ά࡟࠾࠸࡚ࡶ࣓ࣔࢆྲྀࡿ⩦័ࡀ࠶ࡾࠊ
≧ἣࡢኚ໬࡟ࡶᑐᛂຊࡀ࠶ࡿࠋ
ࡲᑡࡋ✚ᴟⓗ࡞ᐇ⩦࡬ࡢྲྀ⤌ࡀᮃࡲࢀࡿࠋ㹂㸸ᐇ⩦ࡢຠ㸰㸧඲ᐇ⩦⏕ࡢホ౯㡯┠ࡈ࡜ࡢᖹᆒⅬᯝࡀぢࡽࢀ࡞࠸ࠋࡢ㸲ẁ㝵࡛ホ౯ࡋ࡚࠸ࡓࡔ࠸࡚࠸ࡿࠋձ⮬ぬ㸱㸴Ⅼࠊղ⏕ᚐ⌮ゎ࡜౯್ᑛ㔜㸱㸲Ⅼ㸦㸰㸧ホ౯⤖ᯝࡢㄪᰝ᪉ἲ
ㄪᰝࡣࠊ᭱㏆ࡢ≧ἣࢆほᐹࡍࡿࡓࡵ࡟ࠊᖹᡂ  ᖺᗘ࠿ࡽᮏᖺᗘࡲ࡛ᩍ⫱ᐇ⩦࡟ཧຍࡋࡓᏛ⏕  ྡ࡟ࡘ࠸࡚

ճ௚⪅⌮ゎ࡜⮬ᕫኚ㠉㸱㸴Ⅼࠊմᩍᮦ◊✲㸱㸳Ⅼࠊյᤵᴗᒎ㛤㸱㸲Ⅼࠊն㞟ᅋάືࡢᢕᥱ࡜ᣦᑟ㸱㸵Ⅼࠊշ஦ົ࣭ᐇົ⬟ຊ㸱㸳Ⅼ࡜࡞ࡗࡓࠋࡑࡋ࡚ࠊ⥲ྜホ౯ࡣࠊ㸱㸲Ⅼ࡛࠶ࡗࡓࠋ

⾜ࡗࡓࠋ㸿㹼㹂ࢆⅬᩘ໬ࡋ࡚⪃ᐹࡍࡿࡓࡵ࡟Ⅼᩘࡢタᐃࡣࠊᑠࡉ࡞ᩘ್࡛ศ࠿ࡾࡸࡍࡃࠊᐇ⩦࡟ཧຍࡋࡓ᫬Ⅼ࡛ࡢホ౯ࢆ㸯Ⅼ࡜ࡋ࡚㹂࠿ࡽ㸿ࡲ࡛㡰࡟㸯㹼㸲Ⅼࡲ࡛࡜ࡋࡓࠋಶேࡢホ౯㡯┠ྜィⅬࢆฟࡍ᪉ἲ࡜඲యࡢホ౯㡯┠ࡈ࡜ࡢᖹᆒⅬࢆฟࡍ᪉ἲ࡛ㄪᰝࢆ⾜ࡗࡓࠋ㸯㸧ಶேࡢホ౯㡯┠ྜィⅬ ࣮࢜ࣝ㸿ࡢ㸰㸶Ⅼࢆ᭱㧗࡟୍␒ప࠸Ⅼᩘࡢ⪅ࡣࠊ㸯㸶
Ⅼ࡛࠶ࡗࡓࠋ㹂ࡢホ౯ࡀ࠶ࡿ⪅ࡣ࠸࡞࠿ࡗࡓࠋ
㸰㸶Ⅼࡢ⪅ࡣࠊ඲ᐇ⩦⏕㸦㸲㸱ྡ㸧ࡢෆ㸵ྡ㸦㸯㸴㸣㸧ࠊᐇ⩦ඛࡢᰯ✀ࡣࠊ୰Ꮫᰯࡀ㸲ᰯࠊ㧗ᰯࡀ㸱ᰯ࡛࠶ࡗࡓࠋ
⥲ྜホ౯ࡀ㸿࡛࠶ࡗࡓ⪅ࡣ㸰㸯ྡ㸦㸲㸷㸣㸧ࠊ㹀࡛࠶ࡗࡓ⪅ࡣ㸰㸮ྡ㸦㸲㸷㸣㸧ࠊ㹁ࡀ㸯ྡ㸦㸰㸣㸧ࠋⅬᩘࡀప࠿ࡗࡓ⪅ࡣࠊ㸯㸶Ⅼࡀ㸯ྡ㸦㸰㸣㸧㧗ᰯ࡛ࡢᐇ⩦య㦂㸻ࢢࣛࣇ㸯 Ⅼᩘ໬ࡋࡓࢢࣛࣇ㸻㸱㸧ୖグ㸦㸰㸧ࡢㄪᰝ⤖ᯝ࡜ᐇ⩦᪥ㄅ࡞࡝ࡢᏛ⏕ࠊᣦᑟᩍㅍࡢࢥ࣓ࣥࢺձ ࠕᩍ⫋࡟ᑐࡍࡿ⮬ぬࠖ 㸱㸴Ⅼ ࡟ࡘ࠸࡚
ᩍဨࢆ┠ᣦࡋ࡚⮬ၥ⮬⟅ࡋዧ㜚ࡍࡿጼࡀࠕ஦๓࣭஦ᚋ
ᣦᑟ࡛ࠖࡢᐇ⩦య㦂ឤ᝿ᩥ࠿ࡽㄞࡳྲྀࢀࡿࠋ

➨୍ᕤᴗ኱Ꮫ◊✲ሗ࿌ࠉ➨ྕࠉ ௨ୗࡢᩳᏐయᩥࡣᏛ⏕ࡢᐇ⩦య㦂ឤ᝿ࡢ୍㒊࡛࠶ࡿࠋղࠕ⏕ᚐ⌮ゎ࡜౯್ᑛ㔜ࠖ 㸱㸲Ⅼ ࡣࡌࡵ࡚ࡢᤵᴗ࡛ࡣࠊ‽ഛࡋࡓࡶࡢࢆୖᡭ࡟౑࠼ࡎࠋ
ኌ㔞ࠊ᫬㛫㓄ศ࡞࡝ၥ㢟Ⅼࡀከ࠿ࡗࡓࠋࡋ࠿ࡋࠊ✵ࡁ᫬⏕ᚐ࡜ࡢಙ㢗㛵ಀࡀ࠶ࡗ࡚ࡇࡑᤵᴗࡣᡂࡾ❧ࡗ࡚࠸ࡿࡇ࡜࡬ࡢ⌮ゎࡀ㊊ࡾ࡞࠸࡜ᣦᑟ⪅࡜ࡋ࡚ឤࡌࡓࠋ

㛫࡞࡝ࢆ฼⏝ࡋ࡚ࠊ⧞ࡾ㏉ࡋᶍᨃᤵᴗࢆ⾜࠸ᑡࡋࡎࡘᨵ

ᐇ⩦⏕ࡢఱே࠿ࡣࠊᩍ⫱ᐇ⩦ࡢጞࡲࡗࡓ㸰࣭㸱᪥ࡣࠊၿࡉࢀᐇ⩦ࡀ⤊ࢃࡿ㡭࡟ᣦᑟᩍㅍ࡟ホ౯ࡋ࡚࠸ࡓࡔ࠸

⥭ᙇឤࡶ࠶ࡾ⏕ᚐ࡜ࡢಙ㢗㛵ಀࢆᚰ㓄ࡋ࡞ࡀࡽࡶᩍᮦ

ࡓࡇ࡜ࡀ⮬ಙ࡜࡞ࡗࡓࠋ

◊✲ࡸᣦᑟ᱌సᡂ࡟࡜ࡽࢃࢀࠊ
⏕ᚐ࡜ࡢ㛵ಀ࡙ࡃࡾࡀΎ

ᣦᑟᩍㅍࡢホ౯࡛ࡣࠊ

ᤲ᫬㛫ࡸࢩ࣮ࣙࢺ࣮࣒࣍࡞࡝㝈ࡽࢀࡓ᫬㛫ࡔࡅ࡛࠶ࡗ

⏕ᚐ࡜✚ᴟⓗ࡟㛵ࢃࡿጼࡀぢࡽࢀࡓࠋࡲࡓࠊ཯┬ࢆ㋃

ࡓᏛ⏕ࡶ࠸ࡓࠋࠕᕤᴗࠖࡸࠕᩘᏛࠖࢆᕼᮃࡍࡿᏛ⏕࡟ࡼࡲ࠼࡚ḟࡢᤵᴗ࡛ࡣࡋࡗ࠿ࡾ࡜ᨵၿ࡛ࡁ࡚࠸ࡓⅬࡶホࡗ࡚ࡣࠊᩍ⫱ᐇ⩦㛤ጞ┤๓ࡢᡴྜࡏ᫬࡟ᐇ⩦ᢸᙜࡢᩍ⛉౯࡛ࡁࡿࠋ

ࢆ࿌ࡆࡽࢀ‽ഛ࡟࠿࠿ࡿ⪅ࡶ࠸ࡓࠋᨵၿ᪉ἲࡢ୍ࡘ࡜ࡋ

࡚ࠊᐇ⩦ᰯ࡜ࡢ஦๓ࡢ㐃⤡యไࢆ኱Ꮫ࡜ᐇ⩦ᰯ㛫࡛ྲྀࡾղࠕ⏕ᚐ⌮ゎ࡜౯್ᑛ㔜ࠖ 㸱㸲Ⅼ ࠊմࠕᩍᮦ◊ᑐ㇟Ꮫ⏕࡟ఏ࠼ࡿᙧࢆྲྀࡾࡓ࠸ࠋࡲࡓࠊ௒ᚋࡣࠊᩍᮦ◊✲ࠖ 㸱㸳Ⅼ ࠊյࠕᤵᴗᒎ㛤ࠖ 㸱㸲Ⅼ ࡟ࡘ࠸࡚

✲ࡸᣦᑟ᱌సᡂ࡟ࡘ࠸࡚ࠊ᭦࡟ࢫ࢟ࣝ࢔ࢵࣉࢆ㔜ࡡࠊᐇࡇࢀࡽղմյࡣࠊ
ᤵᴗࢆ⾜࠺ୖ࡛᭱ࡶ኱ษ࡟ࡋ࡞ࡅࢀ

⩦ᰯࡢ⏕ᚐ࡜వ⿱ࢆᣢࡗ࡚✚ᴟⓗ࡟㛵ࢃࡿࡇ࡜ࡀࠊ
⏕ᚐࡤ࡞ࡽ࡞࠸㡯┠࡛࠶ࡿࠋղᏛ⣭ࡢ⏕ᚐ࡜ࡢಙ㢗㛵ಀ࡙ࡃ⌮ゎ࡟ࡘ࡞ࡀࡾ඘ᐇࡋࡓᤵᴗࡢᒎ㛤࡟࡞ࡿࡇ࡜ࢆ⌮ゎࡾࡀ࡛ࡁࡓ࠿㸦Ꮫ⣭ࡢᐇែᢕᥱ㸧ࠋմᣦᑟࡍࡿᩍ⛉ࡢ༑ࡉࡏࠊᣦᑟຊࡢྥୖࢆ㐍ࡵ࡚⾜ࡁࡓ࠸ࠋ

ศ࡞ᩍᮦ◊✲ࡀ࡛ࡁࡓ࠿㸦ᤵᴗタィ㸧ࠋյ⏕ᚐࡢ཯ᛂᐇ⩦⏕࡞ࡾ࡟✚ᴟⓗ࡟ࢥ࣑ࣗࢽࢣ࣮ࢩࣙࣥࢆྲྀࡾಙ

ࢆⓗ☜࡟ᤊ࠼㐺ษ࡞Ⓨၥ㺃ㄝ᫂㺃ᯈ᭩࡛ᤵᴗࢆᒎ㛤࡛㢗㛵ಀࢆ⠏ࡇ࠺࡜ࡍࡿࡀࠊ
⥭ᙇឤࡶక࠸⏕ᚐ⌮ゎ࡟⮳ࡽࡁࡓ࠿㸦ᤵᴗຊ㸧ࠋࡇࡢ㸱ࡘࡀࣂࣛࣥࢫࡼࡃഛࢃࡗ

࡞࠿ࡗࡓࡇ࡜ࡀ཯┬ᩥ࡛࡟࠶ࡗࡓࠋ ࡚ࡇࡑࠊࡋࡗ࠿ࡾ࡜ࡋࡓᤵᴗࡀᒎ㛤࡛ࡁࡿ࡜ᛮࡗ࡚ ఇࡳ᫬㛫ࡸ⤥㣗ࡢ᫬㛫࡞࡝ࠊ⏕ᚐ࡜ࡢࢥ࣑ࣗࢽࢣ࣮ࢩ

࠸ࡿࠋㅮ⩏࡛ࡶࡇࢀࡽࢆ㋃ࡲ࠼࡚ᤵᴗຊྥୖ࡟ྲྀࡾ

ࣙࣥࢆྲྀࢀࡿ᫬㛫ࡣࠊ✚ᴟⓗ࡟⏕ᚐ࡜࠿࠿ࢃࡿࡼ࠺࡟ࡋ

⤌ࢇ࡛࠸ࡿ࡜ࡇࢁ࡛࠶ࡿࠋ࡜ࡇࢁࡀࠊࡇࡢ㸱㡯┠ࡀࡓࠋᐇ⩦ึࡵࡢ㡭ࡣࠊ⥭ᙇࡋ࡚఍ヰࡍࡿࡇ࡜ࡀ࡛ࡁࡎࠋ

㸱㸲Ⅼ㹼㸱㸳Ⅼࡢ㛫࡜࡞ࡾప࠸ホ౯࡜࡞ࡗࡓࠋ

ᤵᴗ୰ࡢ⏕ᚐ࡬ࡢᣦ♧ࡶ࡛ࡁࡎ࡟࠸ࡓࠋᐇ⩦༙ࡤ࡟ࡣࠊղ 㺀⏕ᚐ⌮ゎ࡜౯್ᑛ㔜㺁 㸱㸲Ⅼ ࡟ࡘ࠸࡚Ⅼᩘ࠾஫࠸࡟࡞ࢀ࡚⏕ᚐࡢ᪉࠿ࡽኌࢆ᥃ࡅ࡚ࡃࢀࡿࡼ࠺࡟

ࡢෆᐜࢆศᯒࡋ࡚ࡳࡿ࡜ࠊ
ㄪᰝࡋࡓᩍ⫱ᐇ⩦⏕㸲㸱ྡࡢෆࠊ㸿ࡢホ౯ࢆཷࡅ
ࡓᏛ⏕ࡀ㸯㸷ྡࠊ㹀ホ౯ࡀ㸰㸱ྡࠊ㹁ホ౯ࡀ㸯ྡ࡛࠶ࡿࠋ

࡞ࡗࡓࠋմࠕᩍᮦ◊✲ࠖ㸱㸳ⅬⅬᩘ࡟ࡍࡿ࡜ࠊ㸿ࡀ㸵㸴Ⅼࠊ㹀ࡀ㸴㸷Ⅼࠊ㹁ࡀ㸰ⅬࠊィᮏᏛ࡛ࡣࠊᏛ⏕ࡀᡤᒓࡍࡿᏛ⛉ࡢᑓ㛛ⓗ஦㡯࡟ࡘ࠸

㸯㸲㸵Ⅼ࡜࡞ࡾࠊᖹᆒ㸱㸲Ⅼ㸦㸯㸲㸵Ⅼ㸭㸲㸱ྡ㸧࡜࡚ࠊᕤᏛᇶ♏ᴫㄽ࡞࡝ᕤᴗ඲⯡࡟ࢃࡓࡿᇶ♏Ꮫຊࡢᐃ╔࡞ࡗࡓࠋࢆᅗࡗ࡚࠸ࡿࠋ
ᩍ⫋ㄢ⛬ࡢ㛵㐃⛉┠ࡢᢸᙜ⪅ࡀ㐃ᦠࡋ࡚㸿㸦ඃࢀ࡚࠸ࡿ㸧࡜㹀㸦༑ศດຊࡋࡓ㸧ࡢホ౯࡛ぢࡿᶍᨃᤵᴗ࡞࡝ࢆᐇ᪋ࡋࠊ
ᩍᮦ◊✲࡟ࡘ࠸࡚ࡶྲྀࡾ⤌ࡲࡏ࡜㹁ホ౯ࢆཷࡅࡓ⪅ࡣ㸯ྡ࡛࠶ࡾࠊ㹀௨ୖࡢホ౯ࢆཷࡅ

ࢫ࢟ࣝ࢔ࢵࣉࢆ⾜ࡗ࡚࠸ࡿࡀࠊᐇ⩦⏕ࡢ࡞࠿࡟ࡣࠊᛮ࠺

ࡓ⪅ࡀ㸷㸶㸣㸦㸲㸰ྡ㸧࡛࠶ࡗࡓࠋմ࡜յࡢ㡯┠࡟ࡘ࠸

ࡼ࠺࡟ᐇ㊶࡛ࡁ࡞࠿ࡗࡓᏛ⏕ࡶ࠾ࡾࠊཝࡋ࠸ᣦᑟࢆཷࡅ

࡚ࡶྠࡌෆᐜࡢ⤖ᯝ࡛࠶ࡗࡓࠋ
࡯࡜ࢇ࡝ࡢᩍ⫱ᐇ⩦⏕ࡀࡓᏛ⏕ࡶ࠸ࡓࠋ㹀௨ୖࡢホ౯࡛࠶ࡗࡓࡀࠊ
Ꮚ࡝ࡶࡓࡕࢆᚰ㇏࠿࡟⫱࡚ࡿᣦᑟᩍㅍࡢホ౯ࡼࡾࡇ࡜ࡢ࡛ࡁࡿඃࢀࡓ㈨㉁⬟ຊ࡜ᐇ㊶ⓗᣦᑟຊࢆ᭷ࡍࡿ

˞ǈ଺᧓ƳƲǛМဇƠƯᲦဃࢻƱ੗Ƣǔೞ˟Ǜ‫ف‬ǍƦᩍဨࡢ⫱ᡂࡢࡓࡵ࡟ࡣࠊᏛ⏕⮬㌟ࡀࠊᖖ࡟ᩍဨ࡜ࡋ࡚ࡢ

ƏƱƢǔ‫ۋ‬ѬƸᚸ̖ưƖǔŵƠƔƠᲦᏁ࣎Ʒ૙ᅹƷჷᜤ

㈨㉁⬟ຊࡸᐇ㊶ⓗᣦᑟຊࡢྥୖࢆព㆑ࡋ࡚⮬ᕫ◊㛑ࡍǍ૙஬ᄂᆮƕɧҗЎưƋƬƨŵ

ࡿែᗘࡶ㌟࡟ࡘࡅࡉࡏࡓ࠸ࠋ

ࡇࡢࡼ࠺࡞ࡈᣦ᦬ࡣࠊ┿ᦸ࡟ཷࡅṆࡵࠊᩍ⛉ࡢᣦᑟຊྥୖ࡟ດࡵࡓ࠸ࠋᩍ⫋㛵ಀ⛉┠࡜ࡢ㐃ᦠࢆᐦ࡟ྲྀࡾࠊᣦ

ᚫỌ㸸ᩍ⫱ᐇ⩦࡜㛵㐃⛉┠ࡢᣦᑟ࡟㛵ࡍࡿ⪃ᐹ㸫ᐇ⩦᪥ㄅ࡜ホ౯⾲࡜ࡢẚ㍑࣭ศᯒ㸫ᑟᩍ⛉࡬ࡢᇶ♏ᇶᮏࡢ⩦⇍ᗘࡸᏛຊྥୖ࡟ດࡵࡉࡏࠊ
᭦཰ࡋࡼ࠺࡜ດຊࡍࡿጼࡀぢࡽࢀࡓࠋ
࡟ࠊᩍᮦ◊✲ࡸᣦᑟ᱌సᡂ࡟ࡘ࠸࡚ࢫ࢟ࣝ࢔ࢵࣉࢆ㔜ࡡᤵᴗຊࡢྥୖࢆ⾜࠸ࡓ࠸ࠋ

նࠕ㞟ᅋάືࡢᢕᥱ࡜ᣦᑟࠖ 㸱㸵Ⅼ ࡟ࡘ࠸࡚

յࠕᤵᴗᒎ㛤ࠖ㸱㸲Ⅼࠕ⏕ᚐ⌮ゎࠖࠕᩍᮦ◊✲ࠖ࡜࡜ࡶ࡟Ⅼᩘࡀࠊపࡃ࡞ࡗ
ࡓࠋࠕᩍဨࡣࠊᤵᴗࡀ຾㈇࡛࠶ࡿࠋࠖ࡜ゝࢃࢀࡿࠋ

ホ౯㡯┠ࡢ୰࡛㧗࠸Ⅼᩘ࡜࡞ࡗࡓࠋ
ࠕ஦๓࣭஦ᚋᣦᑟࠖ
࡞࡝ࡢᤵᴗ࡛ࡣࠊࠕซ஦ᚭᗏࠖࠕ⋡ඛᆶ⠊ࠖࠕ♩൤ࡸゝⴥ㐵࠸ࠖࠕᣦ♧ࡣࠊ඲యࢆぢ࡚ࠊ⮬ಙࡢ࠶ࡿ኱ࡁ࡞ኌ࡛ࠖ
ࠕ✚ᴟⓗ࡟ࢥ࣑ࣗࢽࢣ࣮ࢩࣙࣥࠖ࡞࡝ᣦᑟࡋ࡚࠸ࡿࠋࡲ

ᩍᮦ◊✲ࢆ༑ศ࡟⾜࠸ࠊ⏕ᚐࡢ⬟ຊࡸᏛ⣭ࡢ≧ἣࢆᤵࡓࠊᩍ⫱ᐇ⩦࡟ཧຍࡍࡿᏛ⏕ࡢከࡃࡣࠊ᪥㡭࠿ࡽࢧ࣮ࢡᴗཧほ࡞࡝ࢆ࡜࠾ࡋ࡚ほᐹࡋࠊᤵᴗタィ࡟཯ᫎࡉࡏࡿ࡞

ࣝάື࡟ཧຍࡋ࡚࠸ࡿ⪅ࡀከࡃࠊ༠ㄪᛶࡸ࣮ࣜࢲࢩࢵࣉ

࡝ࠊᤵᴗᒎ㛤ࡢᇶᮏⓗ࡞ᢏ⾡ࢆಟᚓࡉࡏࠊᏛ⩦ᣦᑟ᱌స

ࡀⓎ᥹࡛ࡁࡓࡶࡢ࡜ᛮࢃࢀࡿࠋ

ᡂࡸᤵᴗຊྥୖࡢࢫ࢟ࣝ࢔ࢵࣉࢆᅗࡾࡓ࠸ࠋ

ᩍ⫱ᐇ⩦᪥ㄅࡼࡾ㸦య⫱⚍ࡢᛂ᥼ࢲࣥࢫࡢ⦎⩦㸧ࡲࡓࠊࠕ஦๓஦ᚋᣦᑟࠖࢆࡣࡌࡵ㛵ಀ⛉┠࡛ࡢᶍᨃᤵ

ȷȷȷႻ࢘ᘍƖᛄǇƬƨǑƏưኳ‫ڼ‬ȔȪȔȪƠƯƍǇƠ

ᴗࢆᐇ᪋ࡋ࡚࠸ࡿࡀࠊ
ࡑࡢ᪉ἲࡸᅾࡾ᪉࡟ㄢ㢟ࡀ࠶ࡿ࡜ƨŵपǜưƍǔဃࢻǍතƖЈƢဃࢻǋ˴ʴƔƍǇƠƨŵ

ឤࡌ࡚࠸ࡿࠋᶍᨃᤵᴗࡣࠊㅮ⩏ࢆཷࡅ࡚࠸ࡿ௰㛫ࡀ⏕ᚐƜƏƍƏʙ७Ʒ଺ŴƲƷǑƏƴ̞ǘǕƹǑƍƷƔᎋƑƞᙺ࡜࡞ࡾᐇ᪋ࡉࢀࡿࠋࡣࡌࡵࡢ࠺ࡕࡣࠊ⥭ᙇឤࡀ࠶ࡗ࡚

ƤǒǕǇƠƨŵጀ፼இࢸƴƸŴƋǔᆉࡇᚐൿƸưƖƨǑ

ࡶࠊ㥆ࢀ࡚ࡋࡲ࠺ࠋ୍ேᙜࡓࡾࡢᶍᨃᤵᴗࡢ᫬㛫ࡣ㸯㸳ƏưƢƕŴኛࢽƠƯƍƳƍဃࢻƕƍƨƷưŴʻࢸƷጀ፼ศ⛬ᗘ࡛࠶ࡿࠋᩍ⫋ㄢ⛬ࡢᢸᙜࡀ㐃ᦠࡋ࡚ྲྀࡾ⤌ࡳࠊᏛଐᆉƷɶưʼλƠƢƗƳƍǑƏƴൢǛƭƚƯਦ‫ݰ‬ƠƯᰯ࡛⾜ࢃࢀ࡚࠸ࡿᐇ㝿࡟㏆࠸ᙧ࡛ᶍᨃᤵᴗࢆ⾜࠸ࠊ஫࠸ǏƖƨƍƱ࣬ƍǇƢŵࡢᤵᴗࢆཧほࡍࡿ࡞࡝඘ᐇࡋࡓྲྀࡾ⤌ࡳࢆᐇ㊶ࡋࡓ࠸ࠋᣦᑟᩍㅍࡢᣦᑟຓゝࡼࡾᏛ⏕ࡢᩍ⫱ᐇ⩦ࡢ཯┬ᩥ࠿ࡽ ဃࢻ᧓ƷॖᜤƷᢌƍƕᘙƴЈƯƘǔƱƖưƢŵဃࢻƷᐯЎƕ࣬ƬƯƍǔƜƱǛˡƑǔƷƕƜǜƳƴǋᩊƠᛅǛǑƘᎥƖဃࢻᐯ៲ưᚐൿƞƤǔǑƏƴƠǇƠǐƏŵ
ƍƷƔƱၘज़ƠǇƠƨŵƦǕƱӷ଺ƴ࣬ƬƨƷƕᲦᅶƕʻǇưƴӖƚƨ੉ಅưЎƔǓǍƢƍ੉ಅƸᲦέဃƷ૙஬շࠕ஦ົ࣭ᐇົ⬟ຊࠖ 㸱㸳Ⅼ ࡟ࡘ࠸࡚

ᄂᆮǍဃࢻƷЎௌƳƲᲦƋǓƱƋǒǏǔѐщƷኽ୒Ƴǜ Ꮫ⏕ࡣࠊᐇ⩦ࢆ࡜࠾ࡋ࡚⏕ᚐ࡜㛵ࢃࡿ୰࡛ࠕ⏕ᚐᣦᑟƩƱ࣬ƍǇƠƨŵㄽࠖࠕᩍ⫱┦ㄯࠖ࡞࡝ࡢᩍ⫋ㄢ⛬࡛Ꮫࢇ࡛ࡁࡓࡇ࡜ࢆᐇ

㊶ࡍࡿᶵ఍ࢆᚓࡓࡾࠊࡲࡓࠊᩍဨࡀᤵᴗ௨እ࡟ࡶᵝࠎ࡞ճࠕ௚⪅⌮ゎ࡜⮬ᕫኚ㠉ࠖ 㸱㸴Ⅼ ࡟ࡘ࠸࡚

௙஦ࢆࡋ࡚࠸ࡿࡇ࡜ࡶලయⓗ࡟ほᐹࡍࡿࡇ࡜ࡀ࡛ࡁࡓࠋ

ᐇ⩦⏕ࡀࠊ௚ࡢᩍ⫱ᐇ⩦⏕ࡢᤵᴗࡸ࣋ࢸࣛࣥᩍᖌࡢᤵ

ࡇࡢ⤒㦂ࢆ࡜࠾ࡋ࡚ࠊ
ᩍဨࡢᩍ⫱࡟ᑐࡍࡿ⇕ពࡀᩍ⫱⌧ᴗཧほࢆ࡜࠾ࡋ࡚Ⰻ࠸Ⅼࢆཧ⪃࡟ࡋࡼ࠺࡜ࡍࡿጼໃࡀ

ሙࢆᨭ࠼࡚࠸ࡿࡇ࡜࡟Ꮫ⏕ࡀẼ࡙࠸࡚ࡃࢀࡓࡇ࡜ࡀ཰

ᐇ⩦᪥ㄅ࡟࠶ࡗࡓࠋ

✭࡛࠶ࡿࠋ

ྠࡌᐇ⩦⏕ࡢᤵᴗࢆཧほࡍࡿᶵ఍ࡀ࠶ࡗࡓࠋ
㸰ᅇ┠࡜ࡣࠊᛮ࠼࡞࠸᏶ᡂᗘ࡛ኌࡶ኱ࡁࡃࠊᚋࢁ࡟࠸࡚ࡶ⪺ࡁྲྀࡾࡸࡍ࠿ࡗࡓࠋ
࣋ࢸࣛࣥᩍᖌࡢᤵᴗࢆཧほࡍࡿጼ㸯㝈┠ࠊ㸰㝈┠࡟ᩘᏛࡢᤵᴗࢆཧほࡉࡏ࡚࠸ࡓࡔࡁࡲ
ࡋࡓࠋ㯮ᯈࡢ౑࠸᪉ࠊᣦ♧ࡢ௙᪉ࠊㄝ᫂ࢆࡍࡿࢱ࢖࣑ࣥ
ࢢࠋ⏕ᚐࡢάືࡢࢱ࢖࣑ࣥࢢ࡞࡝㛫ࡢྲྀࡾ᪉࡞࡝࡜࡚ࡶ
ཧ⪃࡟࡞ࡾࡲࡋࡓࠋ
ᣦᑟᩍㅍࡢホ౯ࡼࡾከࡃࡢᩍᖌ࡜✚ᴟⓗ࡟㛵ࢃࡾࠊࡑࢀࡒࢀࡢᣢࡕ࿡ࢆ྾

ᐇ⩦⏕ࡢࠕᐇ⩦࠿ࡽ᪂ࡓ࡟Ꮫࢇࡔࡇ࡜ࠖ࠿ࡽ

έဃƷˁʙƸŴЈࠗቐƷໜ౨Ŵ‫ܖ‬ኢଐᛏƷᄩᛐƱชƑ୿ƖŴဃࢻƱƷႻᛩƳƲࣕƠƘज़ơ‫٭ٻ‬ƩƱ࣬ƬƨŵఄᧈέဃƔǒžᐯЎƷˁʙƩƚƴƱǒǘǕƣᲦ‫܇‬Ʋǋƕ‫ڤ‬ƖƩƱƍƏൢਤƱ૙ՃǛႸਦƠƨҾໜǛࣔǕƳƍǑƏƴſƱ૙ƑƯƍƨƩƍƨŵέဃ૾ƕဃࢻƕ‫ڤ‬ƖưŴဃࢻƷ঺ᧈǛ࣬Ə༏ॖƕƋǔƔǒưƖǔˁʙƩƱज़ơǇƠƨŵոࠕ໅ົែᗘࠖ࡟ࡘ࠸࡚





➨୍ᕤᴗ኱Ꮫ◊✲ሗ࿌ࠉ➨ྕࠉ ᐇ⩦ࢆཷࡅࡿែᗘࡸᩍᖌ࡜ࡋ࡚ࡢ㈨㉁࡟ࡘ࠸࡚໅ົ㸳 ㅰ㎡

ែᗘࢆฟ໅⡙ࠊ⥲ྜホ౯ࠊ⥲ྜᡤぢࢆཧ⪃࡟ࡋࡓࠋࠕฟ

ࡑࢀࡒࢀࡢᐇ⩦ᰯ࡛ᰯ㛗ඛ⏕ࢆࡣࡌࡵࠊ
ࡈᣦᑟ࠸ࡓࡔ

໅⡙ࠖ࡟ࡣࠊ㐜้ࠊ᪩㏥ࠊḞᖍࡣࠊ↓࠿ࡗࡓࠋࠕ⥲ྜホ࠸ࡓඛ⏕᪉ࠊㄔព࠶ࡿࡈᩍ♧࡟ᨵࡵ࡚ឤㅰ⏦ࡋୖࡆࡲ౯ࠖࡀ㸿࡛࠶ࡗࡓ⪅ࡣ㸰㸯ྡ㸦㸲㸷㸣㸧㹀࡛࠶ࡗࡓ⪅ࡣࡍࠋᩍ⫱ᐇ⩦࡟ཧຍࡋࡓᏛ⏕ࡣࠊඛ⏕᪉ࡸ⏕ᚐ࡜ࡢ㛵ࢃ㸰㸮ྡ㸦㸲㸷㸣㸧ࠊ㹁ࡀ㸯ྡ㸦㸰㸣㸧ࠋࠕ⥲ྜᡤぢ࡛ࠖࡾࢆ࡜࠾ࡋ࡚⏕ࡁࡿࡇ࡜࡬ࡢㅬ⹫ࡉࠊ
࿘ᅖ࡬ࡢឤㅰࡢẼࡶࠊ≉ẁࠊ໅ົ࡟㛵ࡍࡿཝࡋ࠸ᡤぢࡣ࡞࠿ࡗࡓࠋ

ᣢࡕࢆᏛࡪࡇ࡜ࡀ࡛ࡁࡓ࡜ᛮࡗ࡚࠸ࡲࡍࠋᏛ⏕ࡣࠊᮇ㝈ᣦᑟᩍㅍࡢᐇ⩦᪥ㄅࡢᡤぢ࡟ࡣࠊࠕ㝜ࡦ࡞ࡓ࡞ࡃᠱ࿨

௜ࡁࡢᩍဨ࡜࡞ࡗ࡚ᩍဨࢆ┠ᣦࡍ⪅ࠊࡲࡓࠊูࡢ㐨࡟㐍࡟ྲྀࡾ⤌ࡴጼ࡟ዲឤࢆᣢࡗࡓࠋࠖ࡜࠸࠺ෆᐜࡢࢥ࣓ࣥࢺ

ࡴ⪅࡜࠸ࡲࡋࡓࡀࠊ
ᩍ⫱ᐇ⩦ࡀ⤊ࢃࡗ࡚኱Ꮫ࡟ᡠࡗ࡚ࡁ

ࡀከ࠿ࡗࡓࠋࡇࢀࡣࠊᏛ⏕ࡢᡂ㛗ࡣࡶ࡜ࡼࡾࠊᩍ⫋ㄢ⛬ࡓ࡜ࡁ࡟ࡣࠊ
ᬕࢀᬕࢀ࡜ࡋࡓ㐩ᡂឤࡢ࠶ࡩࢀࡿ⾲᝟࡛ࡋࡢᢸᙜ⪅ࡀ㐃ᦠࡋ࡚ᩍဨ࡜ࡋ࡚ࡢㄔᐇࡉࡸ♫఍ே࡜ࡋࡓࠋ඲ဨࡀࠊᩍဨ࡟࡞ࡾࡓ࠸࡜ᅛࡃỴᚰࢆࡋ࡚࠸ࡲࡋࡓࠋ

࡚ࡢ࣐ࢼ࣮࡟ࡘ࠸࡚ඹ㏻ࡢㄆ㆑࡛ࠊ
⥅⥆ⓗ࡟ᣦᑟࢆ⾜ࡗ௻ᴗ࡟㐍ࢇࡔ⪅ࡶ࠸ࡲࡋࡓࡀࠊ
ᩍㅍ࡜ࡋ࡚ࡢᢏ⾡ຊ࡜▱࡚࠸ࡿᡂᯝࡢ⌧ࢀ࡜ឤࡌ࡚࠸ࡿࠋ

㆑ࢆ㌟࡟ࡘࡅࠊඛ⏕᪉ࡢᜠ࡟ᛂ࠼ࡿ࡭ࡃࠊᑗ᮶ⓗ࡟ࠊᩍ㸲 ࠾ࢃࡾ࡟

ဨ࡜ࡋ࡚ࡑࡢ㐨ࢆṌࢇ࡛ࡃࢀࡿࡶࡢ࡜⚾ࡓࡕᩍ⫋ㄢ⛬ᢸᙜ⪅ࡣᮇᚅࢆࡋ࡚࠾ࡾࡲࡍࠋ

ᐇ⩦᪥ㄅࢆ࡜࠾ࡋ࡚ᣦᑟᩍㅍࡢᐇ⩦⏕࡟ᑐࡍࡿࢥ࣓

ࡉ࡚ࠊᮏ◊✲ࢆ⾜࠺࡟ᙜࡓࡾࠊḟࡢᩥ⊩ࢆཧ⪃࡟◊✲ࣥࢺࡣᮇᚅឤࢆ㎸ࡵࡓཝࡋ࠸ᣦᑟ࡛࠶ࡾບࡲࡋ࡛࠶ࡗ

ࢆ㐍ࡵࡉࡏ࡚㡬ࡁࡲࡋࡓࠋ♧၀࡟ᐩࢇࡔෆᐜࡣࠊከࡃࡢ

ࡓࡾࡍࡿࠋࡲࡓࠊᐇ⩦⏕ࡶᩍ⫱ᐇ⩦࡟┿ᦸ࡟ྥࡁྜ࠸ᩍ

ࡇ࡜ࢆᏛࡪࡇ࡜ࡀ࡛ࡁࡲࡋࡓࠋࡲࡓࠊ▱㆑ࡢど㔝ࡶᗈࡆᖌ࡜ࡋ࡚ࡢຊ୙㊊ࢆ㌟࡟ࡋࡳ࡚ឤࡌࡓᮇ㛫࡛ࡶ࠶ࡗࡓ

ࡿࡇ࡜ࡀ࡛ࡁࡲࡋࡓࠋᚰ࠿ࡽឤㅰ⏦ࡋୖࡆࡲࡍࠋ௨ୗ࡟

ࡼ࠺࡛࠶ࡿࠋ
ึࡵ࡚ᩍㅍ࡜ࡋ࡚⏕ᚐࢆ┠ࡢᙜࡓࡾ࡟ࡋ࡚

ᥖ㍕ࡋឤㅰࡢពࢆ࠾ఏ࠼࠸ࡓࡋࡲࡍࠋ

ᩍ⫱ᐇ⩦࡟ྲྀࡾ⤌ࡴ⮬ศ࡜ྥࡁྜ࠸ࠊ
࣋ࢸࣛࣥᩍㅍࡢᤵ

࠶ࡾࡀ࡜࠺ࡈࡊ࠸ࡲࡋࡓࠋᴗཧほ࡞࡝ࢆ⤒㦂ࡋࠊᩍဨ࡜ࡋ࡚ࡢ㈨㉁ࡸ⬟ຊࠊᐇ㊶ⓗᣦᑟຊ࡟ࡘ࠸࡚ᛮ࠸▱ࡽࡉࢀ⪃࠼ࡉࡏࡽࢀࡓᮇ㛫࡛ࡶᘬ⏝࣭ཧ⪃ᩥ⊩࠶ࡗࡓࠋࡑࡢ୰࡛ࠊ⮬ࡽẼ࡙࠸ࡓㄢ㢟ࢆᐇ⩦ᚋࡢࠕ஦๓࣭䠍㻌 ᖹᡂ  ᖺ  ᭶୰ኸᩍ⫱ᑂ㆟఍ ➨୍ḟ⟅⏦ 㻌஦ᚋᣦᑟࠖࠕ⥲ྜ₇⩦ᛂ⏝ࠖ➼࡟࠾࠸࡚ࠊᩍဨࢆ┠ᣦࡋ䠎㻌 ᖹᡂ 㻥 ᖺ 㻣 ᭶㻌 ᩍ⫱⫋ဨ㣴ᡂᑂ㆟఍㻔➨ 㻝 ḟ⟅⏦㻕㻌ࡓㄢ㢟ゎỴࡢ◊✲࡟ྲྀࡾ⤌ࡳࠊ⮬ᕫ◊㛑࡟ບࡴጼࡣࠊᩍ䠏㻌 ᖹᡂ 㻝㻜 ᖺ  ᭶ᩍ⫱⫋ဨ㣴ᡂᑂ㆟఍ ➨㸱ḟ⫱ᐇ⩦࡛㛵ࢃࡗࡓ⏕ᚐࡸඛ⏕᪉࡜ࡢࡩࢀྜ࠸࠿ࡽ⏕ࡲࢀࡓ⤎ࡀᩍᖌ࡬ࡢ౑࿨ឤࢆ㥑ࡾ❧࡚࡚࠸ࡿࡼ࠺࡟ᛮ࠼
࡚࡞ࡽ࡞࠸ࠋ
ᐇ⩦ᰯࡢᏛ⏕࡬ࡢㄔព࠶ࡿࡈᣦᑟ࡟ឤㅰࡢ
Ẽᣢࡕ୍࡛ᮼ࡛࠶ࡿࠋ

⟅⏦㸧㸲ᖹᡂ 㻞㻣 ᖺ 㻝㻞 ᭶ 㻞㻝 ᪥୰ኸᩍ⫱ᑂ㆟఍㻔୰ᩍᑂ➨㻝㻤㻠 ྕ䠅㻌䠑㻌 ᖹᡂ䠎䠓ᖺ䠑᭶䠍䠐᪥㻔ᩍ⫱෌⏕ᐇ⾜ጤဨ఍㻕䛣䜜䛛㻌 ࡲࡓࠊᩍ⫱ᐇ⩦᪥ㄅ࠿ࡽᏛᰯ⌧ሙ࡛ࡣࠊᩍ⫱ᨵ㠉ࡢྲྀ䜙䛾᫬௦䛻ồ䜑䜙䜜䜛㈨㉁䞉䞉䞉㻌 䠄➨୐ḟᥦゝ䠅㻌⤌ࡀጞࡲࡗ࡚࠸ࡿࡇ࡜ࡶ▱ࡿࡇ࡜ࡀ࡛ࡁࡓࠋ
ᤵᴗ࡛ᑠࢢ䠒㻌 㻌 䡞ᩍᖌㄽ䡟㻌 㼇➨ 㻞 ⌜㼉㻌 ᩍᖌ䜢ᚿ䛩඲䛶䛾䜂䛸䜈㻌࣮ࣝࣉࡀ⦅ᡂࡉࢀࠊࢢ࣮ࣝࣉࡈ࡜࡟ࠊㄢ㢟࡟ࡘ࠸࡚ヰࡋ㻌 ᩍ⫋ၥ㢟◊✲఍⦅㻌 ᐑᓮ࿴ኵ䚸๓ཎ೺୕㻌ྜ࠸ࢆ⾜࠸ࠊࡑࢀࢆࠊࡲ࡜ࡵⓎ⾲ࡍࡿ࡞࡝ࡢ࢔ࢡࢸ࢕ࣈ
࣮ࣛࢽࣥࢢࡀぢࡽࢀࡓࠋࡑࢀ௨እ࡟ࡶ᝟ሗᶵჾࡢຠᯝⓗ࡞ά⏝࡟ࡘ࠸࡚ᣦᑟࡍࡿᣦᑟᩍㅍࡢᡤぢࡶ࠶ࡗࡓࠋ
኱Ꮫ࡛࢔ࢡࢸ࢕ࣈ࣮ࣛࢽࣥࢢࡸ㹇㹁㹒ࡢຠᯝⓗ࡞ά䠓㻌 㻌 䡞䛣䜜䛛䜙䛾Ꮫᰯᩍ⫱䛸ᩍᖌ䡟㻌 బ䚻ᮌྖ䚸୕ᒣ㻌 ⥳㻌 㻌⦅ⴭ㻌 Ḉ⏣⿱⨾Ꮚ㻌 ୖᑎᗣྖ㻌 㻌䠔㻌 䡞᪂ᩍᖌㄽ䡟㻌 ᑠᰗ࿴႐㞝䚸ஂ⏣ᩄᙪ䚸‫‮‬ὸᜤṇ䚸㻌㻌 ᒣᮏ㡰ᙪ㻌⏝࡟ࡘ࠸࡚ᩍ⫋ㄢ⛬ࡢᢸᙜ⪅ࡀ㐃ᦠࡋ࡚ࠊᶍᨃᤵᴗ࡞࡝䠕㻌 ⟃⣸ዪᏛᅬ኱Ꮫ䡞ᩍ⫱ᐇ㊶◊✲䡟➨ 㻟 ྕ䛀ᩍ⫱ᐇ⩦㻌ࢆ࡜࠾ࡋ࡚ᐇ㊶ⓗ࡞ྲྀ⤌ࡀᚲせ࡛࠶ࡿ࡜ឤࡌࡓࠋ
᝟ሗᶵᣦᑟୖ䛾␃ពⅬ䛻㛵䛩䜛⪃ᐹ䛁㻌 ➉⇃┿Ἴ㻌 ⟃⣸ዪ㻌ჾࡢᇶᮏⓗ࡞᧯స࠿ࡽຠᯝⓗ࡞ά⏝࡟ࡘ࠸࡚ᐇᢏᣦᑟ

Ꮫᅬ኱Ꮫᐇ⩦ᨭ᥼䝉䞁䝍䞊ᩥᏛ㒊䜰䝆䜰ᩥ໬Ꮫ⛉࡞࡝ࡶ⾜࠸ྲྀࡾ⤌ࢇ࡛⾜ࡁࡓ࠸ࠋ


 

࢔ࢡࢸ࢕ࣈ࣭࣮ࣛࢽࣥࢢᑟධࡢᢪ࠼ࡿၥ㢟㹼ࢪ࢙ࢿࣜࢵࢡࢫ࢟ࣝࡢどⅬ࠿ࡽ㹼➉ ୗ ಇ ୍➨୍ᕤᴗ኱Ꮫ ඹ㏻ᩍ⫱ࢭࣥࢱ࣮ ㅮᖌ ࠛ 㮵ඣᓥ┴㟝ᓥᕷᅜศ୰ኸ㸯୎┠ 
(PDLOVWDNHVKLWD#GDLLFKLNRXGDLDFMS

Issues of introducing active learning :From the viewpoint of generic skills
syunichi TAKESHITA
Abstract㸸Active learning means learning through acting and reflection on act.  With university
education in our country, there has been a policy boost, and it has spread rapidly as an educational
method to deal with the problem of universalization and ability (skill) formation. Active learning has
appeared as an antithesis for unilateral knowledge transfer lecture, but criticism of ͆guidance that
focuses on coverage͇,this time has the problem of ͆guidance focusing on activities͇it has become.
Deep active learning focuses on ͆depth͇of learning, but at least͇deep learning͇͆deep understanding͇͆deep involvement͆can be cited as a genealogy of ͇depth͆.If we consider the active in active learningin two dimensions,<active in internal activity>and<active in external activity>, deep active learning is
not only active in external activities but also active in internal activities It can be said that emphasizedlearning.

Key words : active learning, deep active learning, literacy, competency, generic skillsၥ㢟ࡢᡤᅾ

࣒ࣛࠖ
㸦AP㸧࡟ࡼࡗ࡚ࠊ࠸ࢃࡤ͆බᐃࡢᩍ
⫱᪉ἲ͇࡟࡞ࡾࠊᬑཬ࡟ᢿ㌴ࡀ࠿࠿ࡗࡓࠋ ࢃࡀᅜࡢ኱Ꮫᩍ⫱࡟࠾ࡅࡿ࢔ࢡࢸ࢕ࣈ࣭㉁ⓗ㌿᥮⟅⏦࡛ࡣࠊ࢔ࢡࢸ࢕ࣈ࣭࣮ࣛࢽࣥ

࣮ࣛࢽࣥࢢࡣࠊ2012 ᖺ 8 ᭶࡟ฟࡉࢀࡓ୰ኸ

ࢢࢆࠊࠕᩍဨ࡟ࡼࡿ୍᪉ⓗ࡞ㅮ⩏ᙧᘧࡢᩍ⫱ᩍ⫱ᑂ㆟఍⟅⏦ࠕ᪂ࡓ࡞ᮍ᮶ࢆ⠏ࡃࡓࡵࡢ࡜ࡣ␗࡞ࡾࠊᏛ⩦⪅ࡢ⬟ືⓗ࡞Ꮫ⩦࡬ࡢཧ኱Ꮫᩍ⫱ࡢ㉁ⓗ㌿᥮࡟ྥࡅ࡚̿⏕ᾭᏛࡧ⥆ຍࢆྲྀࡾධࢀࡓᩍᤵ࣭Ꮫ⩦ἲࡢ⥲⛠ࠖ࡜ᐃࡅࠊ୺యⓗ࡟⪃࠼ࡿຊࢆ⫱ᡂࡍࡿ኱Ꮫ࡬̿ࠖ

⩏ࡋࠊࡑࢀ࡟ࡼࡗ࡚ࠕㄆ▱ⓗࠊ೔⌮ⓗࠊ♫㸦࠸ࢃࡺࡿࠕ㉁ⓗ㌿᥮⟅⏦ࠖ㸧ࡸࠊࡑࢀࢆཷ

఍ⓗ⬟ຊࠊᩍ㣴ࠊ▱㆑ࠊ⤒㦂ࢆྵࡵࡓỗ⏝ࡅ࡚㛤ጞࡉࢀࡓࠕ኱Ꮫᩍ⫱෌⏕ຍ㏿ࣉࣟࢢⓗ⬟ຊࡢ⫱ᡂࢆᅗࡿࠖ࡜ࡉࢀ࡚࠸ࡿ
1➨୍ᕤᴗ኱Ꮫ◊✲ሗ࿌ࠉ➨ྕࠉ 㸦▼⏣ᑿࠊ2013㸧ࠋࡉࡽ࡟ࠊ2008 ᖺ 12 ᭶࡟ฟࡉࢀࡓ୰ኸᩍ⫱ᑂ㆟఍ࠕᏛኈㄢ⛬ࡢᵓ⠏࡟ྥࡅ࡚㸦⟅⏦㸧࡛ࠖࡣࠊࠕึᖺḟ࡟࠾ࡅࡿᩍ⫱ୖࡢ㓄៖ࠊ㧗኱㐃ᦠࠖ࡟࠾࠸࡚኱Ꮫ࡟ᮇᚅࡉࢀࡿྲྀ⤌ࡳ࡜ࡋ࡚ࠕᏛࡧࡢືᶵ௜ࡅࡸ⩦័ᙧᡂ࡟ྥࡅ࡚ࠊ
ึᖺḟᩍ⫱ࡢᑟධ࣭඘ᐇࢆᅗࡾࠊᏛኈㄢ⛬඲యࡢ୰࡛㐺ษ࡟఩⨨࡙ࡅࡿࠖ࡜ࡋ࡚࠸ࡿࠋ⟅ ୰ኸᩍ⫱ᑂ㆟఍⟅⏦ࢆࡵࡄࡿ࠸

⏦ࡣࠊᮏᩥ୰࡛ࠕึᖺḟᩍ⫱ࡣࠊࠗ㧗➼Ꮫᰯࡃࡘ࠿ࡢၥ㢟Ⅼ࡜ㄢ㢟ࡸ௚኱Ꮫ࠿ࡽࡢ෇⁥࡞⛣⾜ࢆᅗࡾࠊᏛ⩦ཬࡧே᱁ⓗ࡞ᡂ㛗࡟ྥࡅࠊ኱Ꮫ࡛ࡢᏛၥⓗ࣭♫㸦㸯㸧࢔ࢡࢸ࢕ࣈ࣭࣮ࣛࢽࣥࢢࡢᣦᑟ࣭ホ౯఍ⓗ࡞ㅖ⤒㦂ࢆᡂ㛗ࡉࡏࡿ࡭ࡃࠊ୺࡟᪂ධ࡜ࠕぢ࠼ࡿ໬ࠖᣦᶆ

⏕ࢆᑐ㇟࡟⥲ྜⓗ࡟ࡘࡃࡽࢀࡓᩍ⫱ࣉࣟࢢ

 2008 ᖺ 1 ᭶ 17 ᪥௜ࡢ୰ኸᩍ⫱ᑂ㆟఍⟅࣒ࣛ࠘࠶ࡿ࠸ࡣࠊ
ࠗึᖺḟᏛ⏕ࡀ኱Ꮫ⏕࡟࡞⏦ࠕᗂ⛶ᅬࠊᑠᏛᰯࠊ୰Ꮫᰯࠊ㧗➼Ꮫᰯཬࡿࡇ࡜ࢆᨭ᥼ࡍࡿࣉࣟࢢ࣒ࣛ࠘࡜ࡋ࡚ㄝ᫂

ࡧ≉ูᨭ᥼ᏛᰯࡢᏛ⩦ᣦᑟせ㡿ࡢᨵၿ࡟ࡘ

ࡉࢀࡿࠋ࠸࡚ࠖࡸ 2009 ᖺ 3 ᭶௜ࡢ㧗➼ᏛᰯᏛ⩦ᣦ ࡲࡓࠊࠕධᏛ⪅㑅ᢤࢆࡵࡄࡿ⎔ቃኚ໬ࠊ㧗ᑟせ㡿࡟࠾࠸࡚ࡣࠊ
ࠕ⏕ࡁࡿຊࠖࢆ⫱ࡴࡓࡵ➼Ꮫᰯ࡛ࡢᒚಟ≧ἣࡸධヨ᪉ἲࡢከᵝ໬➼

ࡢᵝࠎ࡞ᣦᑟࡸホ౯࡟ࡘ࠸࡚㏙࡭ࡽࢀ࡚࠸

ࢆ⫼ᬒ࡟ࠊධᏛ⪅ࡢᅾࡾ᪉ࡶኚᐜࡋ࡚࠾ࡾࠊ

ࡿ௚ࠊᏛ⩦ࡢ㐜ࢀࡀࡕ࡞⏕ᚐ࡬ࡢᣦᑟ࡟ࡘ

⥲ࡌ࡚ࠊᏛ⩦ពḧࡢపୗࡸ┠ⓗព㆑ࡢᕼⷧ

࠸࡚㏙࡭ࡽࢀ࡚࠸ࡿࠋࡲࡓࠊ2010 ᖺ 5 ᭶໬➼ࡀ㢧ⴭ࡟࡞ࡗ࡚࠸ࡿ࡜ࡋ࡚࠸ࡿࠖ
㸦୰ኸ

11 ᪥௜ࡢᩥ㒊⛉Ꮫ┬ึ➼୰➼ᩍ⫱ᒁ㛗㏻▱

ᩍ⫱ᑂ㆟఍ࠊ2008㸧ࠋࠕᑠᏛᰯࠊ୰Ꮫᰯࠊ㧗➼Ꮫᰯཬࡧ≉ูᨭ᥼ḟ࠸࡛ࠊ2014 ᖺ 12 ᭶ 22 ᪥ࠊ୰ኸᩍ⫱ᑂᏛᰯ➼࡟࠾ࡅࡿඣ❺⏕ᚐࡢᏛ⩦ホ౯ཬࡧᣦ㆟఍ࡼࡾࠕ᪂ࡋ࠸᫬௦࡟ࡩࡉࢃࡋ࠸㧗኱᥋ᑟせ㘓ࡢᨵၿ࡟ࡘ࠸࡚ࡣࠖ࡟࠾࠸࡚ࡣࠊ㧗⥆ࡢᐇ⌧࡟ྥࡅࡓ㧗➼Ꮫᰯᩍ⫱ࠊ኱Ꮫᩍ⫱ࠊ➼Ꮫᰯཬࡧ≉ูᨭ᥼Ꮫᰯࡢᣦᑟせ㘓࡟ࡘ࠸኱ᏛධᏛ⪅㑅ᢤࡢ୍యⓗᨵ㠉࡟ࡘ࠸࡚㹼ࡍ࡚ࠊࠕྛᩍ⛉࣭⛉┠ࡢホᐃ࡟ࡘ࠸࡚ࡣࠊほⅬ࡭࡚ࡢⱝ⪅ࡀክࡸ┠ᶆࢆⱆ྿࠿ࡏࠊᮍ᮶࡟

ูᏛ⩦≧ἣࡢホ౯ࢆᘬࡁ⥆ࡁ༑ศ㋃ࡲ࠼ࡿ

ⰼ㛤࠿ࡏࡿࡓࡵ࡟㹼ࠖ㸦௨ୗࠕ⟅⏦ࠖ㸧ࡀ⟅ࡇ࡜ࠋࠖ࡜࡞ࡗ࡚࠾ࡾࠊྛᩍ⛉ࡢホ౯ࡢほⅬ⏦ࡉࢀࠊ࢔ࢡࢸ࢕ࣈ࣭࣮ࣛࢽࣥࢢࡸ᪂ࢸࢫ

ཬࡧࡑࡢ㊃᪨ࡀ♧ࡉࢀࠊࡉࡽ࡟ࠊ2012 ᖺ 7ࢺࡢᑟධࡀồࡵࡽࢀ࡚࠸ࡿࠋᩍ⫱ᇶᮏἲᨵ᭶௜ࡢᅜ❧ᩍ⫱ᨻ⟇◊✲ᡤࠕホ౯ᇶ‽ࡢసṇ➼࡛᫂☜࡟࡞ࡗࡓࠕ⏕ࡁࡿຊࠖࡢ⫱ᡂࡢᡂࠊホ౯᪉ἲ➼ࡢᕤኵᨵၿࡢࡓࡵࡢཧ⪃㈨ࡓࡵࠊ▱㆑೫㔜ࡢᣦᑟࠊホ౯࠿ࡽࠊ୺యᛶࠊ

ᩱ࡛ࠖࡣࠊලయⓗ࡞ホ౯ᇶ‽ࠊホ౯᪉ἲ➼ࡀᛮ⪃ຊࠊุ᩿ຊࠊ⾲⌧ຊࡢᣦᑟࠊホ౯ࢆ඘♧ࡉࢀ࡚࠸ࡿࠋ

ᐇࡉࡏࡿࡇ࡜ࢆ≺ࡗࡓࡶࡢ࡛࠶ࡿ(➉ୗࠊࡇࢀࡽࡢ⤒⦋ࡣࠊ
ࠕ⟅⏦࡛ࠖồࡵࡽࢀ࡚࠸ࡿ

ࠕ࢔ࢡࢸ࢕ࣈ࣭࣮ࣛࢽࣥࢢ㸦➨୍ሗ㸧
ࠖ2017.

ࠕ⏕ࡁࡿຊࠖࢆᵓᡂࡍࡿᵝࠎ࡞⬟ຊࡢ⫱ᡂཧ↷)ࠋᮏ✏࡛ࡣࠊ࢔ࢡࢸ࢕ࣈ࣭࣮ࣛࢽࣥࢢ

࡟ࡣḞ࠿ࡍࡇ࡜ࡢ࡛ࡁ࡞࠸ࡶࡢ࡛࠶ࡾࠊࡉ

ࡢᢪ࠼ࡿၥ㢟Ⅼ࡜ㄢ㢟ࢆ᳨ドࡍࡿࠋࡽ࡟ࡣᣦᑟ࡜ホ౯ࡢ୍య໬ࡸ⏕ᚐࡢᐇែ࡟
2➉ୗ㸸࢔ࢡࢸ࢕ࣈ࣭࣮ࣛࢽࣥࢢᑟධࡢᢪ࠼ࡿၥ㢟㹼ࢪ࢙ࢿࣜࢵࢡࢫ࢟ࣝࡢどⅬ࠿ࡽ㹼༶ࡋࡓᣦᑟࠊホ౯ࡶేࡏ࡚ᚲせ࡟࡞ࡗ࡚ࡃ

࠾࠸࡚ࠊ▱㆑࣭ᢏ⬟ࡢ⩦ᚓ࡟ຍ࠼࡚ࠊᛮ⪃ࡿࡣࡎ࡛࠶ࡿࠋ

ຊุ࣭᩿ຊ࣭⾲⌧ຊ➼ࡢ⬟ຊࡸࠊ୺యⓗ࡟ ࡋ࠿ࡋ࡞ࡀࡽࠊᏛᰯ⌧ሙ࡛ࡣほⅬูホ౯Ꮫ⩦࡟ྲྀࡾ⤌ࡴែᗘࡢ⫱ᡂࢆ┠ᣦࡋ࡚࠾ࡾࠊ

ࡢᐇ᪋࡟ᚲせ࡞ලయⓗ࡞ᣦᑟ┠ᶆ࡜࡞ࡿホࡑࡢᐇ⌧ࢆ┠ᣦࡋࡓ㛵ಀ⪅࡟ࡼࡿດຊࡀ㔜౯ᇶ‽ࡸࡑࡢ㊃᪨ࡢ࿘▱࡟ࡘ࠸࡚ࡢ୙༑ศ

ࡡࡽࢀ࡚࠸ࡿࡇ࡜ࠊ኱Ꮫᩍ⫱࡟࠾࠸࡚ࡶࠊ

ࡉࡸࠊၥ㢟Ⅼࡀሗ࿌ࡉࢀࠊࡇࡢࡇ࡜ࡀࠊඛ

୰ኸᩍ⫱ᑂ㆟఍⟅⏦➼࡟࠾࠸࡚ࠊึ➼୰➼ࡢࠕ⟅⏦ࠖࢆ⏕ࢇࡔ୍ᅉ࡜ࡶ࡞ࡗ࡚࠸ࡿࠋ

ᩍ⫱ẁ㝵࡟࠾ࡅࡿࠕ⏕ࡁࡿຊࠖࡢ⫱ᡂࢆ㋃

 ๓ᥖࡢࠕ⟅⏦ࠖ㸦ࠕ᪂ࡋ࠸᫬௦࡟ࡩࡉࢃࡋ

ࡲ࠼ࠊࠕᏛኈຊࠖࢆࡣࡌࡵ࡜ࡍࡿ⫱ᡂࡍ࡭ࡁ࠸㧗኱᥋⥆ࡢᐇ⌧࡟ྥࡅࡓ㧗➼Ꮫᰯᩍ⫱ࠊຊࡢᅾࡾ᪉ࡸࠊࡑࡢ⫱ᡂࡢࡓࡵࡢ኱Ꮫᩍ⫱኱Ꮫᩍ⫱ࠊ኱ᏛධᏛ⪅㑅ᢤࡢ୍యⓗᨵ㠉࡟ࡢ㉁ⓗ㌿᥮࡟ࡘ࠸࡚ᥦゝࡉࢀ࡚ࡁ࡚࠾ࡾࠊ

ࡘ࠸࡚㹼ࡍ࡭࡚ࡢⱝ⪅ࡀክࡸ┠ᶆࢆⱆ྿࠿

Ꮫ⏕ࡀ୺యᛶࢆᣢࡗ࡚ከᵝ࡞ேࠎ࡜༠ຊࡋ

ࡏࠊᮍ᮶࡟ⰼ㛤࠿ࡏࡿࡓࡵ࡟㹼ࠖ2014 ᖺ࡚ၥ㢟ࢆⓎぢࡋゎࢆぢฟࡋ࡚࠸ࡃ⬟ືⓗᏛ

12 ᭶ 22 ᪥ࠊ୰ኸᩍ⫱ᑂ㆟఍㸧࡟ࡘ࠸࡚ࠊ

⩦㸦௨ୗࠕ࢔ࢡࢸ࢕ࣈ࣭࣮ࣛࢽࣥࢢࠖ࡜࠸࠺ࠋ
㸧≉࡟ࠊ㧗➼Ꮫᰯ࡛ࡢᣦᑟ࡟┤᥋࠿࠿ࢃࡿ㒊ࡢ඘ᐇ࡞࡝࡟ྥࡅࡓᩍ⫱ᨵၿࡀᅗࡽࢀࡘࡘ

ศ࡟ࡘ࠸࡚ࠊ௨ୗ࡟ࠊࡑࡢၥ㢟Ⅼࢆせ⣙࣭࠶ࡿࡇ࡜ࡀ㏙࡭ࡽࢀ࡚࠸ࡿ(ࠕ๓ᥖ᭩ࠖࠊᩚ⌮ࡍࡿࠋ2014)ࠋ ࡋ࠿ࡋ࡞ࡀࡽࠊ⟅⏦ࡢྠ❶࡛ࡣࠊ▱㆑㔞ࡢࡳࢆၥ࠺ࠕᚑ᮶ᆺࡢᏛຊࠖࡸࠊ୺యⓗ࡞ᛮ⪃ຊࢆకࢃ࡞࠸༠ㄪᛶࡣࡲࡍࡲࡍ㏻⏝ᛶ࡟ஈࡋࡃ࡞ࡿ୰ࠊ⌧≧ࡢ㧗➼Ꮫᰯᩍ⫱ࠊ኱Ꮫᩍ⫱ࠊ኱ᏛධᏛ⪅㑅ᢤࡣࠊ▱㆑ࡢᬯグ࣭෌⏕࡟೫ࡾࡀࡕ࡛ࠊᛮ⪃ຊุ࣭᩿ຊ࣭⾲⌧ຊࡸࠊ୺యᛶࢆᣢࡗ࡚ከᵝ࡞ேࠎ࡜༠ാࡍࡿែᗘ

㸦㸰㸧㧗኱᥋⥆ࡢᐇ⌧࡟ྥࡅࡓᨵ㠉ࡢ᪉ྥ࡞࡝ࠊ┿ࡢࠕᏛຊࠖࡀ༑ศ࡟⫱ᡂ࣭ホ౯ࡉࢀᛶ࡚࠸࡞࠸ࡇ࡜ࡀᣲࡆࡽࢀ࡚࠸ࡿ㸦
ࠕ๓ᥖ᭩ࠖ
ࠊ

࠙⟅⏦ࠚ
ࠕ㸯
㸯㸬ᡃࡀᅜࡢᮍ᮶ࢆぢᤣ࠼ࡓ㧗኱

2014㸧ࠋ

᥋⥆ᨵ㠉㸦㸦㸯㸧௒ᚋࡢᩍ⫱ᨵ㠉ࡀ┠ᣦࡍ࡭㸯㸬ᡃࡀᅜࡢᮍ᮶ࢆぢ ࡉࡽ࡟ࠊ⟅⏦ࡢࠕ㸯ࡁ᪉ྥᛶ࡜⌧≧ࡢㄢ㢟࡛ࠖࡣࠊ20007 ᖺࡢ㸦㸰㸧㧗➼Ꮫᰯᩍ⫱ࠊᤣ࠼ࡓ㧗኱᥋⥆ᨵ㠉㸦Ꮫᰯᩍ⫱ἲᨵṇ࡟ࡼࡾࠊࠕᇶ♏ⓗ࡞▱㆑ᢏ⬟ࠖ

኱Ꮫࢆ㏻ࡌ࡚⫱ࡴ࡭ࡁࠕ⏕ࡁࡿຊࠖࠕ☜࠿࡞ࠕࡇࢀࡽࢆά⏝ࡋ࡚ㄢ㢟ࢆゎỴࡍࡿࡓࡵ࡟

Ꮫຊࠖࡢ᫂☜໬࡛ࠖࡣࠊᑠ࣭୰Ꮫᰯ࡟࠾࠸ᚲせ࡞ᛮ⪃ຊุ࣭᩿ຊ࣭⾲⌧ຊ➼ࡢ⬟ຊ࡚ࠖᏛຊࡢ୕せ⣲ࢆ㋃ࡲ࠼ࡓᩍ⫱ࡀᐃ╔ࡋ࡚ࠕ୺యⓗ࡟Ꮫ⩦࡟ྲྀࡾ⤌ࡴែᗘࠖ࡜࠸࠺ࠊ

ࡁ࡚࠸ࡿ⫼ᬒ࡟ࡣࠊ඲ᅜᏛຊ࣭Ꮫ⩦≧ἣㄪ୕ࡘࡢ㔜せ࡞せ⣲㸦࠸ࢃࡺࡿࠕᏛຊࡢ୕せᰝ࡞࡝ࠊ▱㆑࣭ᢏ⬟➼ࢆᐇ⏕άࡢᵝࠎ࡞ሙ⣲ࠖ㸧࠿ࡽᵓᡂࡉࢀࡿࠕ☜࠿࡞Ꮫຊࠖࢆ⫱ࡴ㠃࡟ά⏝ࡍࡿࡇ࡜ࡸࠊࡉࡲࡊࡲ࡞ㄢ㢟ゎỴࡇ࡜ࡀ㔜せ࡛࠶ࡿࡇ࡜ࡀ᫂☜࡟♧ࡉࢀ࡚࠸ࡢࡓࡵࡢᵓ᝿ࢆ❧࡚ᐇ㊶ࡋホ౯࣭ᨵၿࡍࡿ

ࡿࡇ࡜ࡀᣲࡆࡽࢀ࡚࠾ࡾࠊࡇࢀࢆཷࡅ࡚ࠊ

ࡇ࡜࡞࡝ࢆྵࡵࡓᏛຊࢆࡍࡿᡭἲ࡜ࠊ
ࠕゝㄒ㧗➼Ꮫᰯ࡟ࡘ࠸࡚ࡣࠊ⌧⾜Ꮫ⩦ᣦᑟせ㡿࡟άືࠖ࡜࠸ࡗࡓᛮ⪃ຊุ࣭᩿ຊ࣭⾲⌧ຊ➼
3





➨୍ᕤᴗ኱Ꮫ◊✲ሗ࿌ࠉ➨ྕࠉ ࡢ⬟ຊࡸᏛ⩦ពḧࢆ⫱ࡴࡓࡵࡢᏛ⩦࣭ᣦᑟ

㸦Bonwell&Eison,1991㸧ࡣ࢔ࢡࢸ࢕ࣈ࣭ࣛ

᪉ἲࡢලయⓗ࡞ᅾࡾ᪉ࡀ᫂☜໬ࡉࢀࠊྛᏛ

࣮ࢽࣥࢢ࡟ࡘ࠸࡚ᩚ⌮ࡋࡓඛ㥑ⓗⴭస࡛ࠊᰯ࡟ᑟධࡉࢀࡓࡇ࡜ࡀ࠶ࡾࠊ㧗኱᥋⥆࡟࠾௒࡛ࡶ᭱ࡶࡼࡃᘬ⏝ࡉࢀࡿㄽᩥࡢ㸯ࡘ࡛࠶ࡅࡿᨵ㠉ࡢ᪉ྥᛶࡶࠊᨵ㠉ࡢࡓࡵࡢලయ⟇ࡿࠋࡇࡢ୰࡛ࡣࠊ࢔ࢡࢸ࢕ࣈ࣭࣮ࣛࢽࣥࢢࡢ

࡜ࡢ⤌ࡳྜࢃࡏ࡟ࡼࡗ࡚♧ࡋ࡚࠸ࡃࡇ࡜ࡀ

୍⯡ⓗ≉ᚩ࡜ࡋ࡚௨ୗࡢⅬࡀᣲࡆࡽࢀ࡚࠸㔜せ࡛࠶ࡿ࡜㏙࡭ࡽࢀ࡚࠸ࡿࠋ

ࡿ㸦ᯇୗࠊ2015㸧ࠋ㸰㸬᪂ࡋ࠸᫬௦࡟ࡩࡉࢃࡋ࠸㧗⟅⏦ࡢࠕ㸰኱᥋⥆ࡢᐇ⌧࡟ྥࡅࡓᨵ㠉ࡢ᪉ྥᛶ࡛ࠖࡣࠊ

(a) Ꮫ⏕ࡣࠊᤵᴗࢆ⫈ࡃ௨ୖࡢ㛵ࢃ㧗➼Ꮫᰯᩍ⫱ཬࡧ኱Ꮫᩍ⫱࡟࠾࠸࡚ࠊᩍ⫱ࡾࢆࡋ࡚࠸ࡿࡇ࡜

ෆᐜࠊᏛ⩦࣭ᣦᑟ᪉ἲࠊホ౯᪉ἲࠊᩍ⫱⎔ቃ(b) ᝟ሗࡢఏ㐩ࡼࡾᏛ⏕ࡢࢫ࢟ࣝࡢࡢ㌿᥮ࢆࡉࡏ࡞ࡅࢀࡤ࡞ࡽ࡞࠸࡜ࡋ࡚ࠊᨵ

⫱ᡂ࡟㔜ࡁࡀ⨨࠿ࢀ࡚࠸ࡿࡇ࡜

㠉ࡢࡓࡵࡢᢏ⾡ⓗၥ㢟࡜ࡋ࡚኱ࡁࡃ❧ࡕࡩ(c) Ꮫ⏕ࡣ㧗ḟࡢᛮ⪃㸦ศᯒࠊ⥲ྜࠊࡉࡀࡿࡢࡀࠊ኱ᏛධᏛ⪅㑅ᢤࡢᅾࡾ᪉࡛࠶

ホ౯㸧࡟㛵ࢃࡗ࡚࠸ࡿࡇ࡜

ࡾࠊ⌧ᅾ┤㠃ࡍࡿ᭱኱ࡢㄢ㢟ࡣࠊ㧗➼Ꮫᰯᩍ(d) Ꮫ⏕ࡣάື㸦౛㸸ㄞࡴࠊ㆟ㄽࡍࡿࠊ⫱࡜኱Ꮫᩍ⫱࡜ࢆ᥋⥆ࡍࡿ㔜せ࡞ᙺ๭ࢆᯝ

᭩ࡃ㸧࡟㛵୚ࡋ࡚࠸ࡿࡇ࡜

ࡓࡍ࡭ࡁ኱ᏛධᏛ⪅㑅ᢤ࡟࠾࠸࡚ࠊ⫱ᡂࡍ(e) Ꮫ⏕ࡀ⮬ศ⮬㌟ࡢែᗘࡸ౯್ほ࡭ࡁຊࡢᅾࡾ᪉ࢆ㋃ࡲ࠼ࡓホ౯ࡀ࡞ࡉࢀ࡚

ࢆ᥈ồࡍࡿࡇ࡜࡟㔜ࡁࡀ⨨࠿ࢀ࡚࠸ࡿ

࠸࡞࠸ࡇ࡜࡛࠶ࡿ࡜㏙࡭ࡽࢀ࡚࠸ࡿ㸦
ࠕ๓ᥖ

ࡇ࡜

᭩ࠖ
ࠊ2014㸧
ࠋ ࡑࡇ࡛ࠊ᥋⥆ẁ㝵࡛ࡢホ౯ࡢᅾࡾ᪉ࡀኚ ࡑࡢ࠺࠼࡛ࠊ࢔ࢡࢸ࢕ࣈ࣭࣮ࣛࢽࣥࢢࢆ

ࢃࢀࡤࠊࡑࢀࢆᲓᏊࡢ୍ࡘ࡜ࡋ࡚ࠊ㧗➼ᏛࠕᏛ⏕࡟࠶ࡿ≀஦ࢆ⾜ࢃࡏࠊ⾜࡞ࡗ࡚࠸ࡿ

ᰯᩍ⫱ཬࡧ኱Ꮫᩍ⫱ࡢᅾࡾ᪉ࡶ኱ࡁࡃ㌿᥮≀஦࡟ࡘ࠸࡚ ⪃࠼ࡉࡏࡿࡇ࡜ࠖ
㸦ࠕ๓ᥖ᭩ࠖࠊ

ࡍࡿ࡜⪃࠼ࡽࢀࠊ㧗➼Ꮫᰯᩍ⫱ᨵ㠉ࠊ኱Ꮫ

p2㸧࡜ᐃ⩏ࡋ࡚࠸ࡿࠋࡘࡲࡾࠊ⾜Ⅽࡍࡿࡇᩍ⫱ᨵ㠉ࡢᐇຠᛶࢆ㧗ࡵࡿࡓࡵ࡟ࡶࠊ኱Ꮫ

࡜ࠊ⾜Ⅽ࡟ࡘ࠸࡚ࣜࣇࣞࢡࢩࣙࣥࡍࡿࡇ࡜

ධᏛ⪅㑅ᢤࡢᨵ㠉࡟♫఍඲య࡛ྲྀࡾ⤌ࡴᚲ

ࢆ㏻ࡌ࡚Ꮫࡪࡇ࡜ࡀࠊ࢔ࢡࢸ࢕ࣈ࣭࣮ࣛࢽࣥ

せᛶࡀ⏕ࡌ࡚ࡃࡿࡇ࡜࡟࡞ࡿࠋ

ࢢࡢ㊃᪨࡛࠶ࡿࠋ ࡲࡓࠊ⁁ୖࡽࡣࠊࠕ୍᪉ⓗ࡞▱㆑ఏ㐩ᆺㅮ㸱㸬኱Ꮫ࡟࠾ࡅࡿ࢔ࢡࢸ࢕ࣈ࣭࣮ࣛࢽ
ࣥࢢᩍ⫱ࡢᡂᯝ࡜ၥ㢟⩏ࢆ⫈ࡃ࡜࠸࠺㸦ཷືⓗ㸧Ꮫ⩦ࢆ஌ࡾ㉺࠼ࡿືⓗᏛ⩦࡟ࡣ㸪᭩ࡃ࣭ヰࡍ࣭Ⓨ⾲ࡍࡿ࡞࡝ࡢ

㸦㸯㸧࢔ࢡࢸ࢕ࣈ࣭࣮ࣛࢽࣥࢢࡢ⌮ㄽⓗᇶάື࡬ࡢ㛵୚࡜ࠊࡑࡇ࡛⏕ࡌࡿㄆ▱ࣉࣟࢭ♏ࢫࡢእ໬ࢆక࠺ࠖ
㸦ࠕࢹ࢕࣮ࣉ࣭࢔ࢡࢸ࢕ࣈࣛ ࡑࡶࡑࡶ࢔ࢡࢸ࢕ࣈ࣭࣮ࣛࢽࣥࢢ࡜ࡣఱ

࣮ࢽࣥࢢࠖ࡜ᐃ⩏ࡋ࡚࠸ࡿࠋࡇࡢᐃ⩏࡛ࡣࠊࢆព࿡ࡍࡿࡢࡔࢁ࠺࠿ࠋ࢙࣎ࣥ࢘ࣝ࡜࢔࢖

ୖࡢ≉ᚩ࡟ຍ࠼࡚ࠊ
ࠕㄆ▱ࣉࣟࢭࢫࡢእ໬ࢆࢯ ࣥ ࡢ ͜ Active Learning Creatingక࠺ࠖࡇ࡜࡟ࡶ┠ࡀྥࡅࡽࢀ࡚࠸ࡿ㸦ࠕ࢔ࢡ

Excitement in the Classroom㸦࢔ࢡࢸ࢕ࣈ࣭

ࢸ࢕ࣈ࣮ࣛࢽࣥࢢㄽ࠿ࡽぢࡓࢹ࢕࣮ࣉ࣭࢔

࣮ࣛࢽࣥࢢ̿ᩍᐊ࡟㌍ືࢆ⏕ࡳฟࡍ̿㸧͜ࢡࢸ࢕ࣈ࣮ࣛࢽࣥࢢࠖ㸦 ⁁ୖࠊࠕ๓ᥖ᭩ࠖ

ព࿡࡛ࡢࠊ࠶ࡽࡺࡿ⬟ືⓗ࡞Ꮫ⩦ࡢࡇ࡜ࠋ⬟4➉ୗ㸸࢔ࢡࢸ࢕ࣈ࣭࣮ࣛࢽࣥࢢᑟධࡢᢪ࠼ࡿၥ㢟㹼ࢪ࢙ࢿࣜࢵࢡࢫ࢟ࣝࡢどⅬ࠿ࡽ㹼

2015,p32㸧
ࠋࢠࣜࢫࠊ໭Ḣࠊ࣮࢜ࢫࢺࣛࣜ࢔࡞࡝࡛ࡣ኱Ꮫ ࢔ࢡࢸ࢕ࣈ࣭࣮ࣛࢽࣥࢢࡀࡇࢀ࡯࡝ࡲ࡛

ᩍ⫱ᐇ㊶࡟ᗈࡃᾐ㏱ࡋ࡚࠸ࡿࠋ࢔ࢡࢸ࢕ࣈ࣭࡟㔜どࡉࢀࡿࡢࡣࠊ኱Ꮫᩍ⫱ࡢ㔜Ⅼࡀࠕᩍဨ࣮ࣛࢽࣥࢢࡢᛴ㏿࡞ᬑཬࢆ┠ࡢ๓࡟ࡋ࡚ࠊ

ࡀఱࢆᩍ࠼ࡓ࠿ࠖ࠿ࡽࠕᏛ⏕ࡀఱࢆ㌟࡟ࡘࡅ

࢔ࢡࢸ࢕ࣈ࣮ࣛࢽࣥࢢ࡟ࠊ᫂♧ⓗ࡛࠶ࢀᬯࡓ࠿ࠖࠊࡘࡲࡾࠊ࡝ࡢࡼ࠺࡞Ꮫ⩦ᡂᯝࡀ࠶ࡗ

㯲ⓗ࡛࠶ࡾࠊࠕ῝ࡉࠖ࡜࠸࠺ᛶ᱁ࢆᣢࡓࡏࡼ

ࡓ࠿࡟⛣⾜ࡋࡓࡇ࡜࡟࠶ࡿࠋ኱Ꮫ࡛ࡣࠊᤵᴗ

࠺࡜ヨࡳ࡚࠸ࡿⅬ࡛ඹ㏻ࡋ࡚࠸ࡿࠋ௨ୗ࡟

ࢆࡓࡔ⫈࠸࡚࠸ࡿࡔࡅ࡛▱㆑ࡸ⬟ຊࡀ㌟࡟

ࡑࢀࡽࢆᩚ⌮ࡋ࡚ࡳࡿࠋ

ࡘࡃࢃࡅ࡛ࡣ࡞࠸ࠋᏛ⏕⮬㌟ࡀ⬟ຊྥୖࢆ┠ⓗ࡜ࡋ࡚⮬ᚊⓗ࡟Ꮫ⩦࡟ྲྀࡾ⤌ࡴࡇ࡜ࡀ㸦a㸧࢔ࢡࢸ࢕ࣈ࣭࣮ࣛࢽࣥࢢ࡜ࡣࠊ⾜Ⅽࡍ㔜せ࡛࠶ࡿࠋ

ࡿࡇ࡜ࠊ⾜Ⅽ࡟ࡘ࠸࡚ࡢࣜࣇࣞࢡࢩࣙࣥࢆ

ࡑࡢ㝿ࠊᤵᴗࡀ࢔ࢡࢸ࢕ࣈ࣭࣮ࣛࢽࣥࢢࢆಁ

㏻ࡌ࡚Ꮫࡪࡇ࡜ࢆព࿡ࡋ࡚࠸ࡿࠋࢃࡀᅜࡢ

ࡍࡼ࠺࡟ィ⏬ࡉࢀ࡚࠸ࢀࡤࠊᏛ⏕ࡣ⮬↛࡜኱Ꮫᩍ⫱࡛ࡣࠊᨻ⟇ⓗ࡞ᚋᢲࡋࡶ࠶ࡾࠊࣘࢽ

⮬ᚊⓗ࡟Ꮫ⩦ࢆ⾜࠺᪉ྥ࡬࡜㐍ࢇ࡛࠸ࡅࡿ

ࣂ࣮ࢧࣝ໬ࡸ⬟ຊ㸦ࢫ࢟ࣝ㸧ࡢᙧᡂ࡜࠸࠺ㄢ

࡛࠶ࢁ࠺ࠋࡑࢀࡀࠊධᏛ࠿ࡽẚ㍑ⓗ᪩ᮇࡢẁ㢟࡟ᑐᛂࡍࡿᩍ⫱᪉ἲ࡜ࡋ࡚ᛴ㏿࡟ᬑཬࡋ㝵࡛࠶ࢀࡤࠊ኱Ꮫ࡛ࡢᇶᮏⓗ࡞Ꮫࡧ᪉ࢆ᪩࡚ࡁࡓࠋ࠸ẁ㝵࡛㌟࡟ࡘࡅࡿࡇ࡜࡟ࡶ⧅ࡀࡿࠋ

㸦b㸧࢔ࢡࢸ࢕ࣈ࣭࣮ࣛࢽࣥࢢࡣࠊ୍᪉ⓗ࡞▱㆑ఏ㐩ᆺㅮ⩏࡟ᑐࡍࡿ࢔ࣥࢳࢸ࣮ࢮ࡜ࡋ
࡚Ⓩሙࡋ࡚ࡁࡓࡀࠊ
ࠕ⥙⨶࡟↔Ⅼࢆྜࢃࡏࡓ
ᣦᑟࠖ࡬ࡢᢈุࡢ࠶ࡲࡾࠊ௒ᗘࡣࠕάື࡟↔
Ⅼࢆྜࢃࡏࡓᣦᑟࠖࡢၥ㢟ࢆᢪ࠼ࡿࡇ࡜࡟
࡞ࡗ࡚ࡋࡲࡗ࡚࠸ࡿࠋ
㸦c㸧ࠕάືࢩࢫࢸ࣒ࣔࢹࣝࠖࡸࠕᏛ⩦ࢧ࢖ࢡࣝࠖࡢ⌮ㄽ࡟౫ᣐࡍࡿࡇ࡜࡟ࡼࡗ࡚ࠊ࢔ࢡࢸ

㸦㸰㸧ࢹ࢕࣮ࣉ࣭࢔ࢡࢸ࢕ࣈ࣮ࣛࢽࣥࢢ࡬

࢕㸫ࣈ࣭࣮ࣛࢽࣥࢢࡢ≉ᚩ࡜㝗ࡾࡸࡍ࠸ၥ

ࡢ࢔ࣉ࣮ࣟࢳ

㢟ࡀᢕᥱࡋࡸࡍࡃ࡞ࡿࠋᏛ⏕ࡀ㧗ḟࡢᛮ⪃ ࢹ࢕࣮ࣉ࣭࢔ࢡࢸ࢕ࣈ࣮ࣛࢽࣥࢢ㸦deep࡟㛵ࢃࡗࡓࡾࠊㄆ▱ࣉࣟࢭࢫࡢእ໬ࢆ⾜ࡗ

active learning㸧࡜ࡣࠊࠕᏛ⏕ࡀ௚⪅࡜㛵ࢃࡓࡾࡍࡿࡇ࡜ࡣࠊᮏ᮶࢔ࢡࢸ࢕ࣈ࣭࣮ࣛࢽࣥ

ࡾ࡞ࡀࡽࠊᑐ㇟ୡ⏺ࢆ῝ࡃᏛࡧࠊࡇࢀࡲ࡛ࡢ

ࢢࡀᣢࡘ࡭ࡁ≉ᚩ࡛࠶ࡿࡀࠊࡑࡢࡓࡵ࡟ࡣ

▱㆑ࡸ⤒㦂࡜⤖ࡧࡘࡅࡿ࡜ྠ᫬࡟ࡇࢀ࠿ࡽ

๓ᥦ࡜ࡋ࡚ࠊ▱㆑ࡢ⩦ᚓࡸ⌮ゎ㸦ෆ໬㸧ࡀ୙ࡢே⏕࡟ࡘ࡞ࡆ࡚࠸ࡅࡿࡼ࠺࡞Ꮫ⩦ࠖ࡜࠸ྍḞ࡛࠶ࡿࠋ

࠺ࡇ࡜ࡀ࡛ࡁࡿࠋࢹ࢕࣮ࣈ࣭࢔ࢡࢸ࢕ࣈ࣮ࣛ

ㅮ⩏࡜࢔ࢡࢸ࢕ࣈ࣭࣮ࣛࢽࣥࢢᆺᤵᴗࡣᑐࢽࣥࢢࡢⓎ᝿ࡢඖ࡟࡞ࡗࡓࡢࡣࠕᏛ⩦࡬ࡢ❧ࡍࡿࡶࡢ࡛ࡣ࡞ࡃࠊᏛ⩦ࢧ࢖ࢡࣝ඲యࡢ῝ ࠸ ࢔ ࣉ ࣟ ࣮ ࢳ (deep approach to୰࡛ࠊࠑෆ໬࡜እ໬ࠒ
ࠊ࠶ࡿ࠸ࡣࠊ
ࠑ▱㆑ࡢ⩦learning)ࠖࡢᴫᛕ࡛࠶ࡿ㸦ᯇୗࠊ2009㸧ࠋࣚᚓ࡜▱㆑ࢆ⏝࠸ࡓ㧗ḟࡢᛮ⪃ࠒࡢ࡝ࡕࡽ࡟

࣮ࢸ࣎ࣜ኱Ꮫࡢ࣐ࣝࢺࣥ㸦Marton,F㸧ࡸ࢚㔜ࡁࢆ⨨࠸࡚࠸ࡿ࠿ࡢ㐪࠸࡛࠶ࡾ┦⿵ⓗ࡞ࢹ࢕ࣥࣂࣛ኱Ꮫࡢ࢚ࣥࢺ࢘࢕ࢫࣝ

ࡶࡢ࡜ࡳ࡞ࡍࡇ࡜ࡀ࡛ࡁࡿࠋᏛ⩦ࢧ࢖ࢡࣝ㸦Entwistle,N㸧ࡽ࡟ࡼࡗ࡚⌮ㄽ໬ࡉࢀࠊ࢖

ࡣࠊ㸯ࢥ࣐ࡢᤵᴗࠊ༙ᮇࡢ⛉┠ࠊ4 ᖺ㛫ࡢࣉ
5





➨୍ᕤᴗ኱Ꮫ◊✲ሗ࿌ࠉ➨ྕࠉ ࣟࢢ࣒ࣛࡢ࡝ࡢࢫࣃ࡛ࣥࡶලయ໬࡛ࡁࡿࡀࠊ

ᖺࠊࢢ࣮ࣝࣉ࣮࣡ࢡࠊࢹ࢕ࢫ࢝ࢵࢩࣙࣥࠊࣉ

ᩍဨࡔࡅ࡛࡞ࡃᏛ⏕࡟ࡶࠊᏛ⩦ࢧ࢖ࢡࣝࡀ

ࣞࢮࣥࢸ࣮ࢩࣙࣥ࡞࡝ࢆྲྀࡾධࢀࡓ࢔ࢡࢸ

ぢ࠼࡚࠸ࡿࡇ࡜ࡀᚲせ࡛࠶ࡿࠋ࢕ࣈ࣭࣮ࣛࢽࣥࢢᆺᤵᴗࡀቑ࠼࡚࠸ࡿ࡟ࡶ

㸦d㸧ࢹ࢕࣮ࣉ࣭࢔ࢡࢸ࢕ࣈ࣮ࣛࢽࣥࢢ࡛ࡣ

࠿࠿ࢃࡽࡎࠊࠕ༢఩ࢆ࡜ࡿࡢࡀ㞴ࡋࡃ࡚ࡶࠊ

Ꮫ⩦ࡢࠕ῝ࡉࠖ࡟┠ࢆྥࡅࡿࡀࠊࠕ῝ࡉࠖࡢ⮬ศࡢ⯆࿡ࡢ࠶ࡿᤵᴗࡀࡼ࠸ࠖ࡜⪃࠼ࡿᏛ⣔㆕࡜ࡋ࡚ࠊᑡ࡞ࡃ࡜ࡶࠕ῝࠸Ꮫ⩦ࠖ
ࠕ῝࠸

⏕ࡼࡾࠊ
ࠕ࠶ࡲࡾ⯆࿡ࡀ࡞ࡃ࡚ࡶࠊ༢఩ࢆᴦ⌮ゎࠖࠕ῝࠸㛵୚ࠖࢆᣲࡆࡿࡇ࡜ࡀ࡛ࡁࡿࠋ

࡟࡜ࢀࡿᤵᴗࡀࡼ࠸ࠖ࡜⪃࠼ࡿᏛ⏕ࡀ࢔ࢡࢸ࢕ࣈ࣭࣮ࣛࢽࣥࢢ࡟࠾ࡅࡿ⬟ືᛶࢆࠊ

48.9%㸦2008 ᖺ㸧࠿ࡽ 54.8% (2012 ᖺ)࡟ቑࠑෆⓗάື࡟࠾ࡅࡿ⬟ືᛶࠒ࡜ࠑእࠒⓗάື࠼࡚࠸ࡿࠋ࡟࠾ࡅࡿ⬟ືᛶࠒࡢ 2 ḟඖ࡛ᤊ࠼ࢀࡤࠊࢹ

ࡲࡓࠊᏛ⏕⏕ά࡟ࡘ࠸࡚ࡶࠊ
ࠕᏛ⏕ࡢ⮬୺ᛶ

࢕࣮ࣉ࣭࢔ࢡࢸ࢕ࣈ࣮ࣛࢽࣥࢢ࡜ࡣࠊእⓗά࡟௵ࡏࡿࠖࡼࡾࠕ኱Ꮫࡢᩍဨࡀᣦᑟ࣭ᨭ᥼ࡍ

ື࡟࠾ࡅࡿ⬟ືᛶࡔࡅ࡛࡞ࡃෆⓗάື࡟࠾ࡿ࡯࠺ࡀࡼ࠸ࠖ࡜⪃࠼ࡿᏛ⏕ࡀࠊ15.3%࠿ࡽ

ࡅࡿ⬟ືᛶࡶ㔜どࡋࡓᏛ⩦࡜࠸࠺ࡇ࡜ࡀ࡛

30.0%࡟ᛴቑࡋࡓࠋ

ࡁࡿ(ᯇୗࠊ
ࠕ๓ᥖ᭩ࠖp23-24)ࠋ

࢔ࢡࢸ࢕ࣈ࣭࣮ࣛࢽࣥࢢᆺᤵᴗࡀᬑཬࡍࡿ
࡯࡝ࠊᏛ⩦ࡸᏛ⏕⏕ά࡟ᑐࡍࡿᏛ⏕ࡢཷࡅ㸲㸬࢔ࢡࢸ࢕ࣈ࣭࣮ࣛࢽࣥࢢࡢᢪ࠼ࡿ
ၥ㢟̿ㄪᰝ࡜஦౛࠿ࡽ

㌟ࡢጼໃࡀᙉࡲࡿ࡜࠸࠺⓶⫗࡞⤖ᯝ࡟࡞ࡗ࡚࠸ࡿࠋ ղ኱Ꮫ⏕ 10 ୓ேࡢࢪ࢙ࢿࣜࢵࢡࢫ࢟ࣝ

㸦㸯㸧ㄪᰝ࡜஦౛࠿ࡽ

ศᯒࢆึබ㛤ࡋࡓࠗPROG ⓑ᭩ 2015࠘㸦Ἑ ࢔ࢡࢸ࢕ࣈ࣭࣮ࣛࢽࣥࢢࡣࠊ
ࠕ኱Ꮫࡢࣘࢽ

ྜሿ࣭ࣜ࢔ࢭࢵࢡඹྠ㛤Ⓨࠊ2015)ࡶ⯆࿡῝ࣂ࣮ࢧࣝ໬ࠖ࡜ࠕᏛኈຊࠊ♫఍ேᇶ♏ຊ࡞࡝࠸࣏࣮ࣜࢺ࡛࠶ࡿࠋࣜࢸࣛࢩ࣮࡜ࢥࣥࣆࢸ

ࡉࡲࡊࡲ࡞ࠑ᪂ࡋ࠸⬟ຊࠒࡢせㄳࠖ࡜࠸࠺⫼ࣥࢩ࣮࠿ࡽ࡞ࡿ PROG㸦Progress Reportᬒࡢ୰࡛ࠊ࠿ࡘ࡚ࡣ㸦࢖ࣥࣉࢵࢺࡔࡅࡢࠊ୍

On Generic Skills㸧࡜ࡣࠊᑓᨷ࣭ᑓ㛛࡟㛵᪉ⓗ࡛ࠊཷືⓗ࡞ㅮ⩏ᙧᘧ㸧ࡀ୺ὶࡔࡗࡓ኱

ࢃࡽࡎࠊ኱༞⪅࡜ࡋ࡚♫఍࡛ồࡵࡽࢀࡿỗᏛᤵᴗ࡟ᘬᑟࢆΏࡋࠊᏛ⩦⪅୰ᚰࡢࣃࣛࢲ

⏝ⓗ࡞⬟ຊ࣭ែᗘ࣭ᚿྥࠊࡘࡲࡾࡣࢪ࢙ࢿࣜ

࢖࣒࡬ࡢ㌿᥮ࢆࡣ࠿ࡿࡓࡵࡢ≌ᘬᙺ࡜ࡋ࡚

ࢵࢡࢫ࢟ࣝࢆ⫱ᡂ࣭ホ౯ࡍࡿࡓࡵࡢࡶࡢ࡛

Ⓩሙࡋࠊᬑཬࡋ࡚ࡁࡓࠋ

࠶ࡿࠋ ࡔࡀࠊ࢔ࢡࢸ࢕ࣈ࣭࣮ࣛࢽࣥࢢࡣ኱Ꮫᤵᴗ ᚑ᮶ࠊࢪ࢙ࢿࣜࢵࢡࢫ࢟ࣝࡢホ౯ࡣᏛ⏕ᨵ㠉ࡢ୓⬟⸆࡛ࡣ࡞࠸ࠋᐇ㝿ࠊ࢔ࢡࢸ࢕ࣈ࣭

⮬㌟ࡢ⮬ᕫホ౯࡟ࡼࡿࡶࡢࡀ୰ᚰ࡛࠶ࡗࡓࠋ

࣮ࣛࢽࣥࢢࡀᚲࡎࡋࡶᮇᚅࡉࢀ࡚࠸ࡿࡼ࠺

࠶ࡿᤵᴗࡸάືࢆ㏻ࡋ࡚࡝ࢀࡔࡅ⬟ຊࡀ㌟

࡞ຠᯝࢆୖࡆ࡚࠸࡞࠸ࡇ࡜ࠊࡑࢀ࡝ࡇࢁ࠿

࡟ࡘ࠸ࡓࡢ࠿Ꮫ⏕⮬㌟ࡀ᣺ࡾ㏉ࡿࡇ࡜ࡣࠊ

ࡴࡋࢁᮇᚅ࡜┦཯ࡍࡿࡼ࠺࡞⤖ᯝࢆᣍ࠸࡚

Ꮫ⏕ࡢᡂ㛗ࢆಁࡍࡓࡵ࡟኱࠸࡟ᙺ❧ࡘホ౯࠸ࡿࡇ࡜ࡍࡽ࠶ࡿ࡜࠸࠺ࡇ࡜ࢆ♧ࡍ࠸ࡃࡘ᪉ἲ࡛࠶ࡿࠋࡋ࠿ࡋ౛࠼ࡤࠊ࢖ࣥࢱ࣮ࣥࢩࢵ࠿ࡢドᣐࡀ࠶ࡿࠋ

ࣉࢆ⤊࠼࡚♫఍ࡢཝࡋࡉࢆ▱ࡗࡓᏛ⏕࡟ࡘ ձ࣋ࢿࢵࢭࡀ඲ᅜࡢ኱Ꮫ⏕⣙㸳༓ேࢆᑐ࠸࡚ࡣ⮬ᕫホ౯ࡀୗࡀࡿࡇ࡜ࡀ▱ࡽࢀ࡚࠸㇟࡟ᐇ᪋ࡋࡓࠗ➨ 2 ᅇ኱Ꮫ⏕ࡢᏛ⩦࣭⏕άࡿࠋᐇ㝿࡟ࡣᏛ⏕ࡢຊࡀୖࡀࡗ࡚ࡶࠊ⮬ศࢆᐇែㄪᰝ࠘㸦࣋ࢿࢵࢭࠊ2013㸧࡟ࡼࢀࡤࠊ㏆

ぢࡿホ౯ᇶ‽ࡀୖࡀࡗࡓࡓࡵ࡟⮬ᕫホ౯ࡀ6➉ୗ㸸࢔ࢡࢸ࢕ࣈ࣭࣮ࣛࢽࣥࢢᑟධࡢᢪ࠼ࡿၥ㢟㹼ࢪ࢙ࢿࣜࢵࢡࢫ࢟ࣝࡢどⅬ࠿ࡽ㹼ୗࡀࡿ࡜࠸࠺ࡇ࡜࡛࠶ࡿࠋᩍ⫱ࡢᡂᯝ࡜ࡋ

㸦㸰㸧ࣜࢸࣛࢩ࣮࡜ࢥࣥࣆࢸࣥࢩ࣮ࡢ

࡚ࡣḼ㏄ࡍ࡭ࡁࡇ࡜࡛ࡣ࠶ࡿࡀࠊ௚ࡢᏛ⏕ᴫᛕࡢ㐪࠸

ᐃ࡜┦஫ẚ㍑ࢆࡋࡼ࠺࡜ࡍࡿ㝿࡟ࡣ୍➽⦖࡛ࡇࡇ࡛ࠊࣜࢸࣛࢩ࣮࡜ࢥࣥࣆࢸࣥࢩ࣮ࡢ

ࡣ࠸࠿࡞࠸ࡇ࡜࡟࡞ࡿࠋPROG ࢸࢫࢺ࡛ࡣ

ᑻᗘᵓᡂࢆẚ㍑ࡍࡿ࡜ࠊࣜࢸࣛࢩ࣮࡟ࠕ᝟ሗ

ࢪ࢙ࢿࣜࢵࢡࢫ࢟ࣝࢆࠕࣜࢸࣛࢩ࣮ࠖ
㸦▱㆑཰㞟ຊࠖࡢᑻᗘࡀ࠶ࡾࠊࢥࣥࣆࢸࣥࢩ࣮ࡢᑠ

ࢆά⏝ࡋ࡚ၥ㢟ゎỴࡍࡿຊ㸧࡜ࠕࢥࣥࣆࢸࣥ

ศ㢮࡟ࡶࠕ᝟ሗ཰㞟ຊࠖ࡜ྠࡌྡ๓ࡢᑻᗘࡀ

ࢩ࣮ࠖ㸦⤒㦂ࢆ✚ࡴࡇ࡜࡛㌟࡟ࡘ࠸ࡓ⾜ື≉Ꮡᅾࡍࡿࠋࡇࢀࡽࡢ㐪࠸ࡣḟࡢࡼ࠺࡟ㄝ᫂

ᛶ㸧ࡢ୧㠃࠿ࡽ ᐃࡍࡿࠋࡉࢀࡿࠋ ࡇࢀࡽࡢᴫᛕࡣ⤒῭⏘ᴗ┬ࡢࠕ♫఍ேᇶ(a)ࣜࢸࣛࢩ࣮ࡢࠕ᝟ሗ཰㞟ຊࠖࡣࠊ᝟ሗ཰

♏ຊࠖࡸᩥ㒊⛉Ꮫ┬ࡢࠕᏛኈຊࠖ࠾ࡼࡧ㹍㹃㞟ࡢᕪ␗ࡢࠕྜ⌮ⓗ㸦ㄽ⌮ⓗ㸧ᛮ⪃ຊࠖࢆぢ㹁㹂ࠕ࢟㸫࣭ࢥࣥࣆࢸࣥࢩ࣮ࠖ࡜㔜࡞ࡿࡶࡢ࡚࠸ࡿࠋලయⓗ࡟ࡣࠊࠕ࠶ࡿࢣ࣮ࢫ࡟࠾࠸࡚ࠊ

࡛࠶ࡿࡀࠊࣜࢸࣛࢩ࣮࡜ࢥࣥࣆࢸࣥࢩ࣮ࡢ

᭱ࡶṇᙜᛶࡢ࠶ࡿ᝟ሗ※ࢆ౑࠼ࡿ࠿ࠖࡸࠊ

㐪࠸ࢆᖹ᫆࡟ゝ࠼ࡤࠊே㛫࡟ࡣ▱㆑ࢆᏛࢇࠕ࠶ࡿ≧ἣ࡟࠾࠸࡚ࠊ࢔ࣥࢣ࣮ࢺࢆసࡿ࡜

࡛㈼ࡃ࡞ࡿഃ㠃㸦ࣜࢸࣛࢩ࣮㸧࡜ࠊ⤒㦂࠿ࡽࡋࡓࡽࠊㄽ⌮ⓗ࡟⪃࠼࡚᭱ࡶጇᙜ࡞タၥࡣ

Ꮫࢇ࡛㈼ࡃ࡞ࡿഃ㠃㸦ࢥࣥࣆࢸࣥࢩ࣮㸧ࡀ࠶࡝ࢀ࠿ࠖ࡜࠸ࡗࡓලྜ࡟ࠊ≧ἣࢆ㋃ࡲ࠼࡚ࠊ

ࡿ࡜࠸࠺ࡇ࡜࡟࡞ࡿࠋ

⌮㊰ᩚ↛࡜⌮⏤ࢆ௜ࡅ࡚᭱ࡶጇᙜ࡞ᅇ⟅ࡀ PROG ࢸࢫࢺࡣ⌧ᐇⓗ࡞ሙ㠃ࢆ᝿ᐃࡋ࡚

ฟࡏࡿ࠿ࢆぢ࡚࠸ࡿࠋ⟇ᐃࡉࢀ࡚࠸ࡿࠋ▱㆑ࡢ᭷↓ࢆၥ࠺ࡶࡢࡸ(b)ࡑࢀ࡟ᑐࡋ࡚ࠊࢥࣥࣆࢸࣥࢩ࣮ࡢࠕ᝟ሗ

⮬ᕫデ᩿ⓗ࡞ࡶࡢࡀከ࠿ࡗࡓᚑ᮶ࡢࢸࢫࢺ

཰㞟ຊࠖࡣࠊྜ⌮ⓗ㸦ㄽ⌮ⓗ㸧࡟ࡣ⟅࠼ࡣฟ࡜␗࡞ࡾࠊᐇ㝿࡟▱㆑ࢆά⏝ࡋ࡚ၥ㢟ࢆゎࡏ࡞࠸ࡀࠊ௙஦ࢆࡍࡿୖ࡛௻ᴗෆ࡛ホ౯ࡉỴࡍࡿࡇ࡜ࡀ࡛ࡁࡿ࠿㸦ࣜࢸࣛࢩ࣮㸧ࠊᐇ㝿ࢀࡿ♫఍ேࡢ⾜ື࡟㏆࠸࠿࡝࠺࠿ࢆぢ࡚࠸࡟࡝ࡢࡼ࠺࡟⾜ືࡍࡿࡢ࠿㸦ࢥࣥࣆࢸࣥࢩ

ࡿࠋ౛࠼ࡤࠊ᝟ሗࢆ㞟ࡵࡿ࡜࠸࠺௙஦ࡀ࠶ࡿ

࣮㸧ࢆ ᐃࡋ࡚࠸ࡿࠋࡑࡢ≉ᚩࢆ୍ゝ࡛࠸࠼ሙྜࠊձ῝࠸᝟ሗࢆ୎ᑀ࡟཰㞟ࡍࡿ࠿ࠊղຠ

ࡤࠊࢪ࢙ࢿࣜࢵࢡࢫ࢟ࣝࢆࠕせ⣲ⓗࠖ࡟ᤊ࠼ࠊ

⋡ⓗ࡟ᗈࡃ᝟ሗࢆ཰㞟ࡍࡿ࠿ࡣ࡝ࡕࡽࡶྜ

୍ᐃࡢࠕᩥ⬦ࠖࡢ୰࡛ࠕ┤᥋ࠖホ౯ࡍࡿࠕᶆ

⌮ᛶࡀ࠶ࡿࡀࠊ௙஦ࢆࡍࡿୖ࡛ࡣࠊղࡀ௻ᴗ

‽໬ࠖࡉࢀࡓࢸࢫࢺ࡜࠸࠺ࡇ࡜࡟࡞ࡿࠋෆ࡛ホ౯ࡉࢀࡿ♫఍ேࡢ⾜ື≉ᛶ࡟㏆ࡃࠊࢥࣥࣆࢸࣥࢩ࣮࡛ࡣࠊղࡢุ᩿ࡀ࡛ࡁࡿ࡜
ࣞ࣋ࣝࡀୖࡀࡿ࡜࠸࠺ලྜ࡛࠶ࡿࠋ
 ྠᵝ࡟ࠊࣜࢸࣛࢩ࣮ࡢࠕㄢ㢟Ⓨぢຊࠖ࡜ྠྡࡢᑻᗘࡀࠊࢥࣥࣆࢸࣥࢩ࣮ࡢ୰ศ㢮࡟ࡶ࠶ࡿࠋࡇࢀࡽࡢ㐪࠸ࡶḟࡢࡼ࠺࡟ㄝ࡛᫂ࡁࡿࠋ(c)ࣜࢸࣛࢩ࣮ࡢࠕㄢ㢟Ⓨぢຊࠖࡣࠊྜ⌮ⓗ㸦ㄽ⌮ⓗ㸧࡟ㄢ㢟ࢆぢࡘࡅฟࡍࡇ࡜ࡀ࡛ࡁ
ࡿ࠿࡝࠺࠿ࠊලయⓗ࡟ࡣࠊࠕ࣓ࣜࢵࢺ࣭ࢹ࣓
ࣜࢵࢺࢆẚ㍑ࡋ࡞ࡀࡽྜ⌮ⓗ࡟ゎỴ⟇ࢆ⤠ࡾ㎸ࡵࡿ࠿ࠖࡸࠊ
ࠕࣟࢪࢵࢡࢶ࣮ࣜࡢࡼ࠺࡞
7➨୍ᕤᴗ኱Ꮫ◊✲ሗ࿌ࠉ➨ྕࠉ Ⓨ᝿࡛ࠊၥ㢟ࢆศゎࡋ࡞ࡀࡽㄢ㢟ࢆぢࡘࡅ ࡇ࠺ࡋࡓࡇ࡜ࢆ㋃ࡲ࠼ࠊᐇ㊶ⓗ࡞⬟ຊࡢࡿࡇ࡜ࡀ࡛ࡁࡿ࠿ࠖ࡞࡝ࠊྜ⌮ⓗ㸦ㄽ⌮ⓗ㸧ࠕྍど໬ࠖ࡜ࡑࡢࠕホ౯ࠖ࡟ࡘ࠸࡚ḟࡢࡼ࠺࡟ㄢ㢟ࢆ⤠ࡾ㎸ࡵࡿ࠿ࢆぢ࡚࠸ࡿࠋ࡟ࡲ࡜ࡵࡿࡇ࡜ࡀ࡛ࡁࡿࠋ(d)୍᪉ࡢࢥࣥࣆࢸࣥࢩ࣮ࡢࠕㄢ㢟Ⓨぢຊࠖ ձ⌧௦♫఍ࢆ⏕ࡁᢤࡃࡓࡵࡢࢪ࢙ࢿࣜࢵ

ࡣࠊ౛࠼ࡤࠊ
ࠕ௙஦ࡢ࡛ࡁࡿ♫఍ேࡢࡼ࠺࡟ࠊ

ࢡࢫ࢟ࣝࢆࠊᩍ⫱࡜௻ᴗ࣭♫఍ࢆࡘ࡞ࡄࠊ

㞟ࡵࡓ᝟ሗࢆᇶ࡟ࠊ㝈ࡽࢀࡓ᫬㛫ࡢ୰࡛ᮏ

ࠕඹ㏻ゝㄒࠖ࡜ࡋ࡚ࠕྍど໬ࠖࡋࠊᩍ⫱ྍ⬟㉁ࢆ✺ࡁワࡵࡽࢀࡿࡼ࠺࡞⾜ືࡀ࡛ࡁࡿ࠿ࠖ

࡞ࣞ࣋ࣝࡲ࡛ලయ໬ࡍࡿࡇ࡜ࠋ

࡜࠸ࡗࡓุ᩿ࡸ⾜ືࡢࢫࢱ࢖ࣝࢆぢ࡚࠸ࡿࠋ ղࢪ࢙ࢿࣜࢵࢡࢫ࢟ࣝࡢࠕホ౯ࠖ࡟㛵ࡋ࡚ࡇࢀࡽ㸰ࡘࡢ౛࠿ࡽぢࡿࡼ࠺࡟ࠊ ࣜࢸࣛࢩࡣࠊಶࠎࡢᩍ⫱࣭௻ᴗ⌧ሙࡢ⊂⮬ᛶࢆᢸಖࡋ

࣮ࡀࠊࢪ࢙ࢿࣜࢵࢡࢫ࢟ࣝ࡟࠾ࡅࡿࠕྜ⌮ⓗ࡞ࡀࡽࡶࠊྍ⬟࡞㒊ศ࡟ࡘ࠸࡚ࡣᶆ‽໬ࢆ㸦ㄽ⌮㸧ᛮ⪃ຊࠖࢆᅗࡿࡇ࡜ࠋᐃࡋ࡚࠸ࡿࡢ࡟ᑐࡋ

࡚ࠊࢥࣥࣆࢸࣥࢩ࣮ࡣࠕಶேࡢุ᩿ࡸ⾜ືࡢ ճ⫱ᡂ࡜ホ౯ࢆ㐃ືࡉࡏࠊᏛ⏕ಶேࡀᡂᵝᘧ㸦ࢫࢱ࢖ࣝ㸧ࢆ ᐃࡋࠊࡑࢀࡀࠊ࡝ࡢ⛬㛗ࡋࠊྠ᫬࡟኱Ꮫࡀᩍ⫱ຊࢆ㧗ࡵࡿ࡜࠸࠺

ᗘ௙஦ࡀ࡛ࡁࡿ♫఍ே࡟㏆࠸࠿ࠖࢆุᐃࡋ

ࠕᩍ⫱࡜Ꮫࡧࠖࡢࢫࣃ࢖ࣛࣝࢆᙧᡂࡍࡿࡇ

࡚࠸ࡿ࡜ᤊ࠼ࡿࡇ࡜ࡀ࡛ࡁࡿࠋ

࡜ࠋ௒ᚋࡣࠊ኱Ꮫᤵᴗࢆ῝໬ࡉࡏࡿࡓࡵࠊ༢࡞ࡿ

㸳㸬⤖ࡧᡭἲ࡜ࡋ࡚ࡢ࢔ࢡࢸ࢕ࣈ࣭࣮ࣛࢽࣥࢢ࠿ࡽࠊ ➹⪅ࡣࠊᩍဨ㣴ᡂㄢ⛬ࡢどⅬ࠿ࡽࡉࡲࡊࠕ῝࠸Ꮫ⩦ࠖࢆ⤌ࡳ㎸ࢇࡔࢹ࢕࣮ࣉ࣭࢔ࢡࢸ

ࡲ࡞࢔ࢡࢸ࢕ࣈ࣭࣮ࣛࢽࣥࢢࡢᤵᴗ࡟ཧຍ

࢕ࣈ࣮ࣛࢽࣥࢢࢆ⏕㉳ࡍࡿࡓࡵࡢ࢝ࣜ࢟ࣗ

ࡋࡓ⤒㦂࠿ࡽࠊ࢔ࢡࢸ࢕ࣈ࣭࣮ࣛࢽࣥࢢࡢᑟ

࣒ࣛࠊᤵᴗࠊホ౯ࠊᏛ⩦⎔ቃࡢᩚഛ➼ࠊࡑࡢධ࡟࠾࠸࡚ࡶࠊㅮ⩏ᙧᘧࡢᤵᴗ࡛ࡳࡽࢀࡓ

ㄪᰝ࡜஦౛◊✲ࢆ㏣✲ࡋࡓ࠸࡜⪃࠼ࡿࠋࠕᏛ⏕ࡢᏛࡧࡢ㉁ࡢ᱁ᕪࠖ࡜࠸࠺ㄢ㢟ࡣゎỴࡉࢀ࡚࠾ࡽࡎࠊ୍᪉࡛ࠊ
ࠕࣇ࣮ࣜࣛ࢖ࢲ࣮
ࡢฟ⌧ࡸࠊࢢ࣮ࣝࣉ࣮࣡ࢡࡢ㠀άᛶ໬ࠊᛮ⪃࡜άື࡟஋㞳ࡀ࠶ࡿ࢔ࢡࢸ࢕ࣈ࣭࣮ࣛࢽࣥ
ࢢࠖ࡞࡝᪂ࡓ࡞ၥ㢟ࡀ⏕ࡲࢀ࡚࠸ࡿⅬࢆ☜ㄆ࡛ࡁࡓࠋ ಶࠎࡢ኱Ꮫࡣ⊂⮬ࡢᩍ⫱┠ᶆࡸ⫱ᡂࡍ࡭ࡃேᮦീࢆᥖࡆ࡚࠾ࡾࠊࡑࢀࡒࢀࡢಶᛶࡸ
୺యᛶࡣ༑ศᑛ㔜ࡉࢀࡿ࡭ࡁ࡛࠶ࡿࠋࡲࡓࠊ
ಶࠎࡢᏛ⏕ࡶࡑࢀࡒࢀ࡟ಶᛶࡀ࠶ࡾࠊࡑࢀ
ࡒࢀ␗࡞ࡿ⫋ᴗࢆᚿᮃࡋ࡚࠸ࡿࠋࡋ࠿ࡋ୍

࠙ཧ⪃ᩥ⊩ࠚ

᪉࡛ࠊࡍ࡭࡚ࢆಶูⓗ࣭≉Ṧᛶ࡬࡜㑏ඖࡏ

1 㟷ᮌஂ⨾ᏊࠕᏛ⩦ࢫࢱ࢖ࣝࡢᴫᛕ࡜⌮ㄽ̿Ḣ⡿ࡎࠊ୍⯡ⓗ࡞ഴྥࡸ┦ᑐⓗ࡞࣏ࢪࢩࣙࣥࢆ

ࡢ◊✲࠿ࡽᏛࡪࠖ
࣓ࠗࢹ࢕࢔ᩍ⫱◊✲࠘ ᕳ  ྕࠊ☜ㄆࡍࡿࡇ࡜ࡶ↓どࡍ࡭ࡁ࡛ࡣ࡞࠸ࠋせࡣ 㡫2005୧⪅ࡢࣂࣛࣥࢫࢆྲྀࡾ࡞ࡀࡽࠊ⌧ᐇⓗ࡟ព

2 ▼⏣ᑿ༤ኵࠕࡇࢀ࠿ࡽࡢ⚾❧኱Ꮫࡢ࠶ࡾ᪉̿ࢫ࿡ࡢ࠶ࡿホ౯ࢆ⾜࠺ࡇ࡜࡛࠶ࡿࠋ

ࢺࣛࢸࢪ࣮ࡢ෌ᵓ⠏ࠖࠗ኱Ꮫࡢ⏕ࡁṧࡾ࡜෌⏕࠘8➉ୗ㸸࢔ࢡࢸ࢕ࣈ࣭࣮ࣛࢽࣥࢢᑟධࡢᢪ࠼ࡿၥ㢟㹼ࢪ࢙ࢿࣜࢵࢡࢫ࢟ࣝࡢどⅬ࠿ࡽ㹼㸦⌧ሙ࡜⤖ࡪᩍ⫋ࢩ࣮ࣜࢬ㸯㸶㸧࠶࠸ࡾฟ∧ࠊ14)ྜྷᒸ㊰ࠕᏛ⩦⪅ࢆ୺య࡜ࡋࡓ㧗኱᥋⥆ᩍ⫱ࡢ 㡫ࠊ2013ㄢ㢟࡜ᒎᮃࠖ
ࠗ❧࿨㤋㧗➼ᩍ⫱◊✲࠘➨ 13 ྕࠊ

3㸧➉ୗಇ୍ࠕࢥࣥࣆࢸࣥࢩ࣮ࢆ⫱࡚ࡿᐇ㊶ⓗ᪉

43-60 㡫,2013㏵ࡢ᥈ồ㹼࢔ࢡࢸ࢕ࣈ࣮ࣛࢽࣥࢢ࡟ὀ┠ࡋ࡚㹼ࠖ15)ᩥ㒊⛉Ꮫ┬ࠕᏛኈㄢ⛬ᩍ⫱ࡢᵓ⠏࡟ྥࡅ࡚ࠖ

➨୍ᕤᴗ኱Ꮫ◊✲ሗ࿌᭩ࠊ2017୰ኸᩍ⫱ᑂ㆟఍⟅⏦ࠊ2008

4 ⁁ୖៅ୍ࠕ࢔ࢡࢸ࢕ࣈ࣮ࣛࢽࣥࢢㄽ࠿ࡽぢࡓࢹ16)୰ኸᩍ⫱ᑂ㆟఍ࠗ᪂ࡓ࡞ᮍ᮶ࢆ⠏ࡃࡓࡵࡢ኱

࢕࣮ࣉ࣭࢔ࢡࢸ࢕ࣈ࣮ࣛࢽࣥࢢࠖ
ࠗࢹ࢕࣮ࣉ࣭࢔

Ꮫᩍ⫱ࡢ㉁ⓗ㌿᥮࡟ྥࡅ࡚࣮⏕ᾭᏛࡧ⥆ࡅࠊ୺యࢡࢸ࢕ࣈ࣮ࣛࢽࣥࢢ࠘ 㡫ວⲡ᭩ᡣࠊ2015ⓗ࡟⪃࠼ࡿຊࢆ⫱ᡂࡍࡿ኱Ꮫ࡬࣮㸦⟅⏦㸧࠘5㸧࣋ࢿࢵࢭࠕ➨  ᅇ኱Ꮫ⏕ࡢᏛ⩦࣭⏕άᐇែㄪ

2012.8ᰝࠖ17)ᩥ㒊⛉Ꮫ┬ࠗ㧗➼ᏛᰯᏛ⩦ᣦᑟせ㡿࠘2009

㸦KWWSEHQHVVHMSEHUGFHQWHURSHQUHSRUWGD18)ᩥ㒊⛉Ꮫ┬ ึ➼୰➼ᒁ㛗㏻▱ࠗᑠᏛᰯࠊ୰LJDNXMLWWDLKRQLQGH[KWPOᏛᰯࠊ㧗➼Ꮫᰯཬࡧ≉ูᨭ᥼Ꮫᰯ➼࡟࠾ࡅࡿඣ❺6 ᯇୗె௦㸦⦅㸧ࠗࢹ࢕࣮ࣉ࣭࢔ࢡࢸ࢕ࣈ࣮ࣛࢽ

⏕ᚐࡢᏛ⩦ホ౯ཬࡧᣦᑟせ㘓ࡢᨵၿ࡟ࡘ࠸࡚࠘

ࣥࢢ࠘̿኱Ꮫᤵᴗࢆ῝໬ࡉࡏࡿࡓࡵ࡟ࠊວⲡ᭩

2010

ᡣࠊ201519)ᅜ❧ᩍ⫱ᨻ⟇◊✲ᡤࠗホ౯ᇶ‽ࡢసᡂࠊホ౯

7 Ἑྜሿ࣭ࣜ࢔ࢭࢵࢡ㸦⦅㸧
ࠗ352* ⓑ᭩ ࠘

᪉ἲ➼ࡢᕤኵᨵၿࡢࡓࡵࡢཧ⪃㈨ᩱ࠘2012㹼኱Ꮫ⏕  ୓ேࡢࢪ࢙ࢿࣜࢵࢡࢫ࢟ࣝࢆึබ㛤20)୰ኸᩍ⫱ᑂ㆟఍ ⟅⏦ࠗ᪂ࡋ࠸᫬௦࡟ࡩࡉࢃ

㹼ࠊᏛ஦ฟ∧ࠊ2015ࡋ࠸㧗኱᥋⥆ࡢᐇ⌧࡟ྥࡅࡓ㧗➼Ꮫᰯᩍ⫱ࠊ኱Ꮫ

8 Ἑྜሿ㸦⦅ⴭ㸧ࠗࠕ῝࠸Ꮫࡧࠖ࡟ࡘ࡞ࡀࡿ࢔ࢡࢸ

ᩍ⫱ࠊ኱ᏛධᏛ⪅㑅ᢤࡢ୍యⓗᨵ㠉࡟ࡘ࠸࡚㹼ࡍ࢕ࣈ࣮ࣛࢽࣥࢢ̿඲ᅜ኱ᏛࡢᏛ⛉ㄪᰝሗ࿌࡜࢝ࣜ

࡭࡚ࡢⱝ⪅ࡀክࡸ┠ᶆࢆⱆ྿࠿ࡏࠊᮍ᮶࡟ⰼ㛤࠿࣒࢟ࣗࣛタィࡢㄢ㢟̿࠘ᮾಙᇽࠊ2013ࡏࡿࡓࡵ࡟࠘2014

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J&UHDWLQJH[FLWHPHQWLQWKH

࣮ࢬ኱Ꮫࡢᩍᤵἲ 3ࠊ⋢ᕝ኱Ꮫฟ∧఍ࠊ2015

FODVVURRP$6+((5,&+LJKHU(GXFDWLRQ5HSRUW
10)ึᖺḟᩍ⫱Ꮫ఍㸦⦅㸧ࠗึᖺḟᩍ⫱ࡢ⌧≧࡜ᮍ᮶࠘ୡ⏺ᛮ᝿♫ࠊ201311)ᕝᔱኴὠኵ࣭℈ྡ⠜㸦⦅㸧ࠗึᖺḟᩍ⫱̿Ṕྐ࣭⌮ㄽ࣭ᐇ㊶࡜ୡ⏺ࡢືྥ࠘୸ၿᰴᘧ఍♫ࠊ200612)ᒣ⏣♩ᏊࠗᏛኈㄢ⛬ᩍ⫱ࡢ㉁ಖド࡬ࡴࡅ࡚࣮
Ꮫ⏕ㄪᰝ࡜ึᖺᗘᩍ⫱࠿ࡽぢ࠼࡚ࡁࡓࡶࡢ࠘ᮾಙ
ᇽࠊ201213)▼಴೺஧ࠊ㧗ᓥᜤᏊࠊཎ⏣ዉὠᏊࠊᒣᓊ฼ḟࠕࣘࢽࣂ࣮ࢧࣝẁ㝵ࡢ኱Ꮫ࡟࠾ࡅࡿึᖺḟᩍ⫱ࡢ⌧≧࡜ㄢ㢟ࠖ
ࠗ㛗ᓮᅜ㝿኱Ꮫㄽ㞟࠘➨ 8 ᕳࠊ167177 㡫ࠊ2008

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Philosophy and Mechanics of English Education
Ashley N.M. Hyatt
Daiichi Institute of Technology – Lecturer
Email: hyattash12gmail.com
Despite more than sixty years and countless yen put towards English education, most
ESL students in Japan make disappointingly little progress with English. The barriers
are complicated, but not difficult to overcome. While my position and level of influencekeeps me from addressing all of the obstacles, I am able to offer my knowledge andexperience to possibly assist veteran and rookie teachers alike in considering how they
may approach ESL teaching.
Keywords – systematic, fundamentals, evaluation, course, text, exams

Part 1 ~ Artful Approach
Looking back on almost twenty years of teaching, I find it difficult to synthesize
everything into a mere page or so that can somehow reveal who I am as a teacher.
However, if there is one essential lesson I've learned and always impart to youngteachers it is that teaching is both an art and a science. Every teacher is trained in thesystematic methods learned over years in school and in the classroom. We first become
knowledgeable in our field. I was fortunate to study with some of the finest professors
in the fields of English (linguistics) and Education at The University of Oregon and UC
Berkeley. I not only acquired the necessary knowledge to teach my chosen subject, I
was given the wisdom of the "educare method". Too often teachers simply transmit
information for students to remember. This information is then spilled out during
major tests, and the student is once again empty. Rather than teachers being founts
which fill the student's cups, they must learn to draw out and connect the students tothe subject (educare). We must understand, empathize, and engage. Having been aforeign language student myself, I find it quite easy to understand and empathize withlanguage students. They are asked to view the world using an entirely different map.
One which is familiar in its landmarks, but whose roads are unexplored andintimidating. They rely on us to help them learn the way to their chosen destinations.
We should display our own enthusiasm for the materials, and encourage each student's
enthusiasm for the subject. Creating multifarious lesson plans and materials of a highstandard is the cornerstone of a good classroom experience. Lessons must be diverse, sothat they reach everyone while removing boredom that may develop from overuse or➨୍ᕤᴗ኱Ꮫ◊✲ሗ࿌ࠉ➨ྕࠉ familiarity. A broad tapestry is woven with fundamentals (grammar; vocabulary)
forming the warp, and several complimentary subjects (literature; rhetoric;
composition; idioms) forming the weft. These combine to create a strong, exciting, anduseful education for English language students. The final touches are added withbright and colorful lessons in the culture of the people who use the language. As alanguage student, I've found that learning about the subject culture is invaluable. It
gives students a context for thought. It enables them to gather expressions faster anduse them more naturally. They can begin to understand the rhythm and beat at theheart of the language. As they begin to discern nuances, they come to understand themind of the people which allows them to understand at times even when they do notcomprehend. They begin to interpret what they see and hear rather than translate it.
Finally, the students must be given as many opportunities as possible to use theirgrowing skills. Student interaction within and without the classroom can help them
form more natural expressions. They should be given chances to role play in class tohelp them develop quick thinking and problem solving skills necessary for handlingreal-world situations.
Knowledge and materials can only take a teacher so far, though. I have seen someteachers who are incredibly capable of writing textbooks, but are unable to reachstudents in the classroom effectively. This is where the art of teaching takes the stage.
Some of it can be learned, but some of it is inherent. As the cicerones of language wemust be gifted with language. We must entertain without being entertainers. A difficult
and new path is comfortably followed when your conductor is intriguing. Teachers
should learn to vary presentation methods and take into account different learning
styles (visual/aural; inductive/deductive; holistic/analytic). Tasks and foci should evolveas the students develop. Each task must be judged by its meaningfulness to thestudents. Teachers have to note the superficial qualities of the students (interests;
reasons for study) and be a quick judge of character to be able to discover the deeper
qualities (expectations; needs; handicaps). Teachers must also be quick on their feet,shifting seamlessly whenever a connection is being lost with the students. Correction
and leading students back when they are lost is another artful skill. A teacher shouldmake use of tools such as language function, paraphrase, diagrams, time-lines, and allother assorted methods of responding when students are confused. In correction, an
artful teacher knows how and when to give both types of feedback, and be open tocounter-feedback.
We are guides, not drivers. We seek to make all of our students better people by giving
them the most necessary skill for mankind - communication. Language is not simply

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another subject to be passed. It is our best hope for relating our thoughts and feelings
to everyone so that we may contribute our uniqueness to the world. Communication isa key to sharing everything we have to offer. It will open the door to new friendships
and unforgettable experiences. I am confident that I will always be able to fashion theperfect key for each student who wishes to open the door and begin the journey. Afterall, I was born with the heart of an explorer myself. That’s why I became a teacher tostudents of a language other than my own. I get to explore their world, and I tell themof my own. We draw everyone closer through language. We form a new society ofdiversity and acceptance. It is noble, and I am proud to have been born a teacher.

Part 2 ~ The Mechanics
Philosophy is the guiding light, but rolling up your sleeves and doing the job of guideand teacher is a whole other matter. It is after all, the purpose. There are manyteachers in academia who have studied and researched education for decades, but are
unable to manage a class or course. They perform mental exercises to develop methods
with controlled and predictable environments. Their ability to make use of these “ideal
methods” in a real classroom is limited. I have seen brilliant people impart volumes ofknowledge to classes, but in the end they are reaching no one. To do so, training andexperience in a variety of classroom settings is the only way hone your skills. I havedeveloped a general template for courses that covers what I believe are key points
while also allowing flexibility.

Step 1 - Student Evaluation
Before any course may begin, a teacher must take a moment and talk witheach student. An evaluation should take between 5~10 minutes, generally on the lower
end. The evaluation begins with the instructor putting the student at ease. Begin witha simple greeting and the briefest of small talk. Once the student has been warmed up
to converse, you begin asking prepared questions for the student to answer. There
should always be more questions prepared than you intend to ask, and the questions
should vary in difficulty and subject matter. They should not meander, but seem tofollow a general theme if possible. The student is evaluated on five categories. They
are: comprehension, fluency, accuracy, vocabulary, and independent engagement anduse of specialized forms. Next, the student should be asked to tell a short story (one

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➨୍ᕤᴗ኱Ꮫ◊✲ሗ࿌ࠉ➨ྕࠉ minute or so) to determine the student’s ability to compose. Once again, the student isevaluated using the above categories with the additions of format/structure and quality.
Finally, the student is asked to think of a good question for the instructor. This should
be answered honestly and with brevity. This concludes the student evaluation.
With the information gained by the evaluation, the teacher is able to consider student
needs and interests to make the learning experience more pleasurable and useful.
Furthermore, points of weakness can be targeted and the student may be placed in theappropriate course for the best development.

Step 2 – Course Planning
The proper course determines everything. It is the path to the destination towhich the student seeks. An incorrect path will discourage students and eventuallylead them nowhere. Usually three possible courses are enough to suit the needs of mostclasses. They are simply: beginner, intermediate, and advanced. The advanced course
will likely be eliminated during most terms. Often the number of students is too low tojustify it. It is more efficient to create pair classes (two students) or man-to-man (onestudent) per student and teacher’s consideration. These three course should be
supplemented by various elective subjects and classes, e.g. debate or rhetoric,
composition, cultural studies, idioms, and specialized test classes (TOEIC, Eiken, etc.).
A useful course format/syllabus should also be farther reaching than may seem
practical. This has the potential to motivate students beyond expectations. When one
wishes to build muscle, one doesn’t stick with what is doable.
The course needs to be flexible as well. Rigidity doesn’t allow for student needs and it
can become uninteresting and stale. There should be parts which are unplugged andreplaced, or eliminated due to unforeseen issues. Additionally, courses tend to evolveorganically. Teachers may also make changes which are improvements discovered via
further training and experience.

Summation

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asked by students which is, “How can I become better at English?” The answer tends totake people aback. They seek a magic pill that will transform them overnight. I
guarantee there is no such thing. The makers of language skill products and services
are misleading people for profit. The development of language skills takes years, andfor the truly motivated, it may never end. Academia has come up with a solution, or acompromise. I ask people to think back to how they learned their native tongue. Did
they learn it in weeks or months? Never. Did it involve just listening and repeating
what an audio recording said? Hardly. Did you use one book or one type of book? No.
The truth is that second language class must be approached like any native language
class. The caveat being that we in ESL don’t have twelve years with students. Things
are further complicated by the fact that students will almost never have the benefit ofparent and friend interaction. This can be addressed by having the students create
their own “English buddies”. There is also the problem of the environment. If thestudent is overseas, studying in the country whose language they are learning, thenthey have the benefit of immersion. This is less often true than it should be. All
students should study abroad, even for a short time. When this is not possible, theteacher and classmates should try to create “bubble locales” or periods, possibly outside
the usual setting. This may involve special class-time or events.
In the end, the best thing to do is incorporate all of the key components of language
instruction, albeit in a highly condensed form. These are: reading, writing, speaking,and listening. Reading should involve texts and literature. Writing should include
small, regular entries in an English diary and essays or other compositions. Speaking
and listening are entirely intertwined. Speaking and listening tend to be the main
point for ESL students, but real, lifelong education requires all of the parts. Speaking
andlisteningarestudent/teacher,

student/student,

and

(case

allowing)

student/unknown.
With the addition of supplemental courses, students will gain a full understanding of
the language.
This will no doubt be the best method until the day when we find that magic pill. If I
find it, I will throw it in the sea. I am a teacher. I always have been. No magical pill
will take that from me.

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᭷┈࡞ᤵᴗィ⏬ࡣ┠ⓗࢆ㐩ᡂࡍࡿࡲ࡛࡟ከᑡࡢ㐲ᅇࡾࢆࡋࡓ࡯࠺ࡀࠊᐇ⏝ⓗ࡛࠶ࡿࡼ࠺࡟ぢ࠼ࡿࠋࡇࢀࡣண᝿௨ୖ࡟
Ꮫ⏕ࡢࡸࡿẼࢆ㉳ࡇࡉࡏࡿືᶵ࡙ࡅ࡟࡞ࡿ
ࡲࡓࠊᤵᴗ࡛ࡣᰂ㌾ᛶࡶᚲせ࡛࠶ࡿࠋ㐣ᗘ࡞ሀⱞࡋࡉࡣ᫬࡟ᚲせ࡜ࡉࢀࡎࠊࡘࡲࡽ࡞ࡃࠊྂ⮯࠸࡜ࡲ࡛ཷࡅṆࡵࡽࢀࡿ࠿ࡶࡋࢀ࡞࠸ࠋ ᩍᖌࡶᏛ⏕ࡶࢸ࢟ࢫࢺࡸᩍᮦ࡟౫Ꮡࡋ࡚࠸ࡿ㒊ศࡀ࠶ࡿࠋⱥ఍ヰᩍᐊࡸᩍᮦࡢ࣓࣮࣮࢝࡞࡝ࡣ฼┈ࢆ㔜どࡍࡿ࠶ࡲࡾࠊ
ேࠎ࡟ㄗゎࢆ୚࠼ࡿሙྜࡀ࠶ࡿࠋᩍᮦࡢຠᯝࡀࡍࡄ࡟⾲ࢀࡿࡼ࠺࡟⣙᮰ࡉࢀࡓࡶࡢࡣࠊࡴࡋࢁࡑࢀࡣ౑࠺࡟್ࡋ࡞࠸ࠋ
ⱥㄒࡢୖ㐩࡟ࡣ᫬㛫ࡀ᥃࠿ࡿࡶࡢࡔࠋ
ḟ࡟࡝ࢀࡃࡽ࠸ࡢᮇ㛫ࠊ฼⏝ࡍࡿ࠿ࢆỴࡵࡿࠋ⣲ᬕࡽࡋ࠸ࢸ࢟ࢫࢺࡣ  ᖺࢆせࡍࡿሙྜࡶ࠶ࡿ୍᪉ࠊᩘ㐌㛫ࡶࡋࡃࡣᩘ࠿᭶࡛⤊ࢃࡿ࠿ࡶࡋࢀ࡞࠸ࠋࡲࡓࠊᩍᖌ࡜Ꮫ⏕ࡣᏛ⩦ィ⏬࡟ྜࡗࡓࡶࡢࢆ㑅ࡤ࡞ࡅࢀࡤ࡞ࡽ࡞࠸ࠋ
♫఍ⓗάື࡟ࡘ࠸࡚
⚾ࡣࡇࢀࡲ࡛ࠊ஧ࡘࡢ኱Ꮫ࡛ࡢ࢖ࣥࢱ࣮ࣥࢩࢵࣉࠊ8& ࣂ࣮ࢡ࣮ࣜᰯࠊ$($ࠊⱥ఍ヰࢫࢡ࣮ࣝࠊ➨୍ᕤᴗ኱Ꮫ࡞࡝࡛ே
ᮦ⫱ᡂࡸᩍ⫱⎔ቃᨵၿ࡞࡝ⱥㄒࢆ㏻ࡌࡓ♫఍㈉⊩ࡸ࢚ࢡࢫࢸࣥࢩࣙࣥάືࢆ⾜ࡗ࡚ࡁ࡚࠸ࡿࠋ
ࡲࡓࠊ⚾ࡣ⣲ᬕࡽࡋ࠸ほග㈨※ࡢ࠶ࡿࡇࡢ㮵ඣᓥࢆࡶࡗ࡜ୡ⏺࡟▱ࡽࡏࡓ࠸࡜ᛮࡗ࡚࠾ࡾࠊእᅜேほගᐈࡢࡓࡵࡢ࣎
ࣛࣥࢸ࢕࢔࢞࢖ࢻࢆ⪃࠼࡚࠸ࡿࠋ 㮵ඣᓥ┴❧▷ᮇ኱Ꮫ࡟࠾࠸࡚ࡶࠊ࣮࢜ࣉࣥ࢟ࣕࣥࣃࢫࠊබ㛤ㅮᗙ࡞࡝ࡀ㛤࠿ࢀ࡚࠸ࡿࡢ࡛ࠊࡑࢀࡽ࡟ᑐࡋ࡚㏻ヂ࢞࢖ࢻࡢ⫱ᡂࡸ࣮࣡ࢡࢩࣙࢵࣉ࡜࠸ࡗࡓάືࢆ㏻ࡌ࡚♫఍ⓗάືࢆ⾜࠸ࡓ࠸࡜⪃࠼࡚࠸ࡿࠋ

࠾ࢃࡾ࡟





➨୍ᕤᴗ኱Ꮫ◊✲ሗ࿌ࠉ➨ྕࠉ ⚾ࡣᏛ⏕࡟ᑐࡋ࡚ࠕ࡝ࡢࡼ࠺࡟ࡋ࡚ẕᅜㄒࢆᏛࢇࡔࡢ࠿ࠖ࡜㉁ၥࡍࡿࡇ࡜ࡀ࠶ࡿࡀࠊ➨஧ゝㄒࡶẕᅜㄒ࡜ྠࡌࡼ࠺࡟
㌟࡟௜ࡃࡼ࠺࡟࡞ࡿࡣࡎࡔ࡜⪃࠼ࡿࠋⱥㄒࡀୖ㐩ࡋ࡞࠸⌮⏤࡟ࡣ⎔ቃⓗ࡞ၥ㢟ࡶ࠶ࡿࠋࡶࡋࠊᾏእ࡟࠸ࡿ࡞ࡽⱥㄒₕࡅࡢ⏕άࢆ㏦ࡿࡇ࡜ࡀฟ᮶ࡿࠋⱥㄒ⩦ᚓࢆᕼᮃࡍࡿࡍ࡭࡚ࡢᏛ⏕ࡣᾏእ࡬⾜ࡃ࡭ࡁ࡛࠶ࡿࡀࠊࡑࢀࡀ୙ྍ⬟࡛࠶ࡿ࡞ࡽࠊᩍᖌࡣ࡛ࡁࡿࡔࡅࡑࡢ⎔ቃ࡟㏆࠸≧ἣࢆ๰ࡾฟࡍࡇ࡜ࡶࡦ࡜ࡘࡢ᪉ἲ࡜⪃࠼ࡿࠋㄒᏛຊࡢྥୖ࡟ࡣࠊ᫬㛫ࢆせࡍࡿࠋពḧⓗ࡞ጼໃࡀ࠶ࢀࡤࠊࡑࢀࢆᡂࡋ㐙ࡆࡿࡇ࡜ࡀฟ᮶ࡿ࡟㐪࠸࡞࠸ࠋ

㻝㻟㻟ᖹᡂ䠎䠕ᖺᗘ䛻䛚䛔䛶Ꮫእ䛻Ⓨ⾲䛥䜜䛯ㄽᩥཬ䜃ㅮ₇     (2018 ᖺ 3 ᭶⌧ᅾ)㢟     ┠Ⓨ ⾲ ⪅㸯 ༳ๅㄽᩥ࣭ⴭ᭩
⓶⡲▼ ⣖ 㞝᫬ຠ◳໬ Al ྜ㔠ࡢࡁ⿣ఏࡥᙧែ࡟ཬࡰࡍ኱
Ẽ⎔ቃࡢᙳ㡪㸦ᅇ㌿᭤ࡆ⑂ປ࡜㉸㡢Ἴ⑂ປ㸧௬ ᒇ Ꮥ ஧୰ ᮧ ♸ ୕Ọ 㔝 ⱱ ᠇ᒾ ᮏ ❳ ୍㞧ㄅྡ࣭ㅮ₇఍ྡⓎ⾲࣭㛤ദᖺ᭶

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ࢸ࣒ࡢᥦ᱌࡜㒊ศヨస⏕య᝟ሗࢭࣥࢩࣥࢢ࡜࣊ࣝࢫࢣ࢔
࡬ࡢ᭱᪂ᛂ⏝ࠊᢏ⾡᝟ሗ༠఍Ⓨ⾜2017 ᖺ 6 ᭶

ᘓ ᐑ   ດ࣐࡛ࣥ࢞Ꮫࡪ⤒ႠᏛࢫࢱ࣮ࢺ࢔ࢵࣉ㸟୰ኸ⤒῭♫หඹⴭ᭩⡠2017 ᖺ 7 ᭶

ᘓ ᐑ   ດ࣐࡛ࣥ࢞Ꮫࡪ఍ィᏛࢫࢱ࣮ࢺ࢔ࢵࣉ㸟୰ኸ⤒῭♫หඹⴭ᭩⡠2017 ᖺ 8 ᭶⩧Ὃ♫༢ⴭ᭩⡠2017 ᖺ 12 ᭶Ύ₩ᚿྥࡢᾘ㈝⪅࡜ᾘ㈝ࡢ⠇ᗘ̿೺ᗣᾘ㈝ࡢ
ศᯒࢆ㏻ࡌࡓ㛵㐃ᛶࡢ᳨ド㸦ሗ࿌せ᪨㸧⤒῭♫఍Ꮫ఍ᖺሗ ➨ 39 ᕳ2017 ᖺ 9 ᭶⏘ᴗ⏝↓⥺ LAN ࢩࢫࢸ࣒࡟࠾ࡅࡿ FPGA ᐇ⿦᳨ド㟁Ꮚ᝟ሗ㏻ಙᏛ఍⥲ྜ኱఍㧗ಙ㢗ไ
ᚚ㏻ಙ◊✲఍

2018 ᖺ 3 ᭶

Astri Maria
Kurniawati
Nana Sutisna
Yuhei Nagao
Leonardo
Lanante Jr
Masayuki
Kurosaki
Baiko Sai
Hiroshi Ochi

Channel Selectivity Schemes for Retransmission Diversity in Industrial
Wireless System

International Symposium on
Electronics and Smart Devices(ISESD)2017 ᖺ 10 ᭶

Yoshihiro
TanadaKiminori Sato
Masato Iguchi
Baiko Sai

Construction of ZCZ Huffman Sequencesfor Underground Multiplexing Sonar

Signal Design and Its Applications
in Communications (IWSDA)

2017 ᖺ 9 ᭶

ᘓ ᐑ   ດ  ㈍኎ኈ㸱⣭୍Ⓨྜ᱁ࢸ࢟ࢫࢺ㸤ၥ㢟㞟➨୕∧(㺫㺽㺻㺦㺎㺯ᾏගṌ)㕥 ᮌ ᗣ ἞㸰 ཱྀ㢌Ⓨ⾲㔮 ⏣ ┿ ⍆ᆏ ඖ ᜤኈ㑻㺢㺵㺻㺡㺆㺞㺓㺖㺼㺒㺻㛗 ᑿ ຬ ᖹ㯮 ᓮ ṇ ⾜ᩧ   ᇵ ᜏᑿ ▱   ༤㻝㻟㻠㻌Ⓨ ⾲ ⪅
ෆ ᮧ ಇ ஧ᮧ ᒸ ဴ ஓụ ⏣ ᘯ ᫂㢟     ┠Gabor ࣇ࢕ࣝࢱࡢ⌮ㄽࢆᛂ⏝ࡋࡓᡭ᭩ࡁ₎Ꮠ
ࡢᙧ≧࡜࣌ࣥᅽࡢ⃰ῐ࡜࡟ࡼࡿゎᯒ㞧ㄅྡ࣭ㅮ₇఍ྡ᪥ᮏಙ㢗ᛶᏛ఍➨ 25 ᅇ᫓Ꮨಙ㢗ᛶࢩ࣏ࣥࢪ࣒࢘

Ⓨ⾲࣭㛤ദᖺ᭶
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Shunji
Uchimura
Tetsuya
Muraoka
Hiroaki Ikeda

New unexpected use of display devices for
self-safety guard2017 IEEE Industry Applications
Society Annual Meeting2017 ᖺ 10 ᭶ෆ ᮧ ಇ ஧ᮧ ᒸ ဴ ஓụ ⏣ ᘯ ࣮᫂࣌ࣃ࣮ࣞࢫ᫬௦ࡢ㟁Ꮚࢹ࣮ࢱ࡟࠾ࡅࡿᡭ᭩
ࡁ⨫ྡࡢ➹㊧㚷ᐃ᪥ᮏಙ㢗ᛶᏛ఍➨ 30 ᅇ⛅Ꮨಙ㢗ᛶࢩ࣏ࣥࢪ࣒࢘

2017 ᖺ 11 ᭶୰ ⱱ ╬ ⿱ᐙᗞ⳯ᅬ࡟࠾ࡅࡿᨃே໬࢔ࣂࢱࢆ⏝࠸ࡓ㐲㝸ࣔࢽࢱࣜࣥࢢࢩࢫࢸ࣒ࡢ᳨ウ㟁Ꮚ᝟ሗ㏻ಙᏛ఍ HCG ࢩ࣏ࣥࢪ࢘
࣒

2017 ᖺ 12 ᭶ᒣ ⏣ ⊛ ▮ඖ ᒣ   ⯟⚟ ඖ ఙ ஓ㮵 ᔱ 㞞 அబ ⸨ බ ๎Ώ 㑔   ╬࣮࢟᧯స࡜࣐࢘ࢫ᧯సࡢືⓗࣂ࢖࣓࢜ࢺࣜࢡ
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ドࢩ࣏ࣥࢪ࣒࢘㸦SBRA2017㸧

2017 ᖺ 11 ᭶

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W. Motoyama
S. Fukumoto
M. Kashima
K. SatoM. Watanabe

Application of Keystroke and Mouse
Dynamics Biometrics to Continuous
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International Conference on
Functional Materials andApplications 20172017 ᖺ 12 ᭶

T. Yamada
W. Motoyama
S. Fukumoto
M. Kashima
K. SatoM. Watanabe

Proposal of DPTM Algorithm forContinuous Authentication Using
Probability Distribution

RISP International Workshop on
Nonlinear Circuits,
Communications and Signal
Processing 20182018 ᖺ 3 ᭶

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Evaluation of Continuous Authentication
Using a Combination of Keystroke
and Mouse Biometrics by Use of Deep
Learning

RISP International Workshop on
Nonlinear Circuits,
Communications and Signal
Processing 20182018 ᖺ 3 ᭶

௬ ᒇ Ꮥ ஧୰ ᮧ ࢔ࣜࢫ᳃   ኳ ᮭ኱ ᝴ ඞ ಇ᣺ື࡟ࡼࡾ㡢※᪉ྥࢆ࿊♧ࡍࡿ⪥࠿ࡅᆺ⿵⫈⿵ຓࢩࢫࢸ࣒

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Ryoya
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Proposal of control method for neck EMG
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RESNA 2017 Annual Conference

2017 ᖺ 6 ᭶㻝㻟㻡Ⓨ ⾲ ⪅
኱ ᝴ ඞ ಇᅜ ᖌ ⩧ ᖹ୰ ᮧ ෽ ஓ㢟     ┠➽㟁఩ไᚚᆺேᕤႃ㢌ࡢࣃ࣓࣮ࣛࢱࡢᨵⰋ

㞧ㄅྡ࣭ㅮ₇఍ྡ
➨ 32 ᅇࣜࣁᕤᏛ࢝ࣥࣇ࢓ࣞࣥࢫ in⚄ᡞ

Ⓨ⾲࣭㛤ദᖺ᭶
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➨ 62 ᅇ㡢ኌゝㄒ་Ꮫ఍⥲఍࣭Ꮫ⾡ㅮ
₇఍

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Shohei
KOKUSHI
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NAKAMURA

Proposal of new control parameter for neckmyoelectric control-type electrolarynx

International Conference on MicroNanoMechatronics and Human
Science 20172017 ᖺ 12 ᭶

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NAKAMURA
Katsutoshi OE

Proposal of new control parameter forcontrollable electrolarynx

International Conference on
Functional Materials andApplications

2017 ᖺ 12 ᭶୰ ᮧ ෽ ஓ኱ ᝴ ඞ ಇ➽㟁఩ಙྕࢆ⏝࠸ࡓ௦⏝Ⓨኌἲ⏝ࢹࣂ࢖ࢫ࡟
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2018 ᖺ 3 ᭶

᳃   ኳ ᮭ኱ ᝴ ඞ ಇ᣺ື࡟ࡼࡾ㡢※᪉ྥࢆ࿊♧ࡍࡿࢹࣂ࢖ࢫ࡟㛵ࡍࡿ◊✲᪥ᮏᶵᲔᏛ఍஑ᕞᏛ⏕఍➨ 49 ᅇᏛ⏕ဨ༞ᴗ◊✲Ⓨ⾲ㅮ₇఍

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FAN20172017 ᖺ 11 ᭶Ṋ ⏣ 㝯 ᏹ

A Writing Pressure Analysis Method for
Evaluation of Trail Making Test using
Smart Device

ICIEV20172017 ᖺ 9 ᭶Ṋ ⏣ 㝯 ᏹṌᐜゎᯒᢏ⾡࡟ᇶ࡙ࡃṌ⾜ᨭ᥼ᶵࡢ㛤Ⓨ➨ 61 ᅇࢩࢫࢸ࣒ไᚚ᝟ሗᏛ఍◊✲Ⓨ⾲ㅮ₇఍

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ࢥ࣑ࣗࢽࢣ࣮ࢩࣙࣥࢩࢫࢸ࣒

SI20172017 ᖺ 12 ᭶๤ ᒾ ᬛ ᡂ⏣ ୰ 㱟 ඣ㛗 ᒣ ᫛ ኵ

UAV ࢆά⏝ࡋࡓ୕ḟඖ෌ᵓᡂࡢ⢭ᗘ᳨ドᅵᮌᏛ఍す㒊ᨭ㒊2018 ᖺ 3 ᭶

᳃   ೺ モᒣ ᮏ ೺ኴ㑻⏣ ୰ 㱟 ඣ⏘ᴗᗫᲠ≀ࢆ᭷ຠά⏝ࡋࡓ⸴ሙᇶ┙ᮦࡢ㛤Ⓨ࡜ࣔࢽࢱࣜࣥࢢᅵᮌᏛ఍す㒊ᨭ㒊2018 ᖺ 3 ᭶⩚ 㔝   ᬡጸⰋᶫࡢ㧗ḍព໶࡟ࡳࡿ᫛࿴ึᮇࡢᆅᇦᶫᱱ
ࢹࢨ࢖ࣥᛮ᝿

➨ 13 ᅇᬒほ࣭ࢹࢨ࢖ࣥ◊✲Ⓨ⾲఍㺂ᬒほ࣭ࢹࢨ࢖ࣥ◊✲ㅮ₇㞟 No.13ࠊ
pp.167-176

2017 ᖺ 12 ᭶⩚ 㔝   ᬡᆅᇦほග᣺⯆࡟㈨ࡍࡿṔྐⓗᅵᮌᵓ㐀≀ࢆά࠿ࡋࡓࠕᑠࡉ࡞ᣐⅬࠖᙧᡂࡢヨࡳ᪥ᮏほගᏛ఍ࠊ➨ 111 ᅇ඲ᅜ኱఍◊✲Ⓨ⾲せ᪨㞟ࠊpp.42-43

2017 ᖺ 11 ᭶㻝㻟㻢㻌Ⓨ ⾲ ⪅ᮏ ⏣ Ὀ ᐶ㜿 㒊 ㈗ ᘯ໭ Ἑ ኱ḟ㑻㢟     ┠ᖹᡂ 28 ᖺ⇃ᮏᆅ㟈࡟ࡼࡿṔྐⓗᅵᮌᵓ㐀≀ࡢ⿕⅏≧ἣ࡟㛵ࡍࡿㄪᰝሗ࿌

㞧ㄅྡ࣭ㅮ₇఍ྡ
➨ 37 ᅇᅵᮌྐ◊✲Ⓨ⾲఍Ⓨ⾲࣭㛤ദᖺ᭶
2017 ᖺ 6 ᭶

᳃ ᅬ ⏤ 㤶ࡋ࠸ࡓࡅࢆ฼⏝ࡋࡓ⏘Ꮫᐁ㐃ᦠ࡟ࡼࡿ᪂つ㣗ရࡢ㛤Ⓨ㸫ࠕ㟝ᓥࡉࢇᐙࡢࢢࣛࣀ࣮ࣛࠖ㛤Ⓨ࡟ࡼࡿᆅ᪉๰⏕࡬ࡢྲྀ⤌ࡳ㸫᪥ᮏࡁࡢࡇᏛ఍➨ 21 ᅇ኱఍2017 ᖺ 9 ᭶

᳃ ᅬ ⏤ 㤶ᆅᇦ㐃ᦠࡢࡓࡵࡢᰤ㣴⟶⌮ᶆ‽໬ࡢ᳨ウ➨㸱ሗ➨ 37 ᅇ㣗஦⒪ἲᏛ఍

2018 ᖺ 3 ᭶

᳃ ᅬ ⏤ 㤶ᇵᆅᇶᮦࡢ㐪࠸ࡀࣄࣛࢱࢣࡢ཰✭࡜ᶵ⬟࡟ཬࡰࡍᙳ㡪

➨ 68 ᅇᮌᮦᏛ఍኱఍

2018 ᖺ 3 ᭶ྂ ⏣ ᬛ ᇶ୰ ᑿ ᪉ ே࡯࠿ไ㟈ᶵ⬟௜ࡁ➽࠿࠸㔠≀ࡢ⪏㟈ᛶ⬟ホ౯ࡑࡢ 3 ᣺ືྎᐇ㦂ࡢᴫせ2017 ᖺᗘ᪥ᮏᘓ⠏Ꮫ఍኱఍Ꮫ⾡ㅮ₇᱾ᴫ㞟࣭ᵓ㐀Ϫࠊpp.375-376

2017 ᖺ 8 ᭶ไ㟈ᶵ⬟௜ࡁ➽࠿࠸㔠≀ࡢ⪏㟈ᛶ⬟ホ౯ࡑࡢ 4 ᣺ືྎᐇ㦂ࡢ⤖ᯝ

2017 ᖺᗘ᪥ᮏᘓ⠏Ꮫ఍኱఍Ꮫ⾡ㅮ₇᱾ᴫ㞟࣭ᵓ㐀Ϫࠊpp.377-378

2017 ᖺ 8 ᭶ไ㟈ᶵ⬟௜ࡁ➽࠿࠸㔠≀ࡢ⪏㟈ᛶ⬟ホ౯
ࡑࡢ 5 ᆅ㟈ᛂ⟅ゎᯒ࡟ࡼࡿ᭱኱ᒙ㛫ኚ఩ࡢホ౯2017 ᖺᗘ᪥ᮏᘓ⠏Ꮫ఍኱఍Ꮫ⾡ㅮ₇᱾ᴫ㞟࣭ᵓ㐀Ϫࠊpp.379-380

2017 ᖺ 8 ᭶ไ㟈ᶵ⬟௜ࡁ➽࠿࠸㔠≀ࡢ⪏㟈ᛶ⬟ホ౯ࡑࡢ 6 ᆅ㟈ᛂ⟅ゎᯒ࡟ࡼࡿไ㟈ຠᯝࢩ࣑ࣗ
࣮ࣞࢩࣙࣥ

2017 ᖺᗘ᪥ᮏᘓ⠏Ꮫ఍኱఍Ꮫ⾡ㅮ₇᱾ᴫ㞟࣭ᵓ㐀Ϫࠊpp.381-382

2017 ᖺ 8 ᭶

Ἑ ཎ ὒ Ꮚ㮵ඣᓥᕷ❧ᆅ㐺ṇ໬ィ⏬ࡢ⟇ᐃࣉࣟࢭࢫ̿ィ⏬⟇ᐃ༠㆟఍ࡢ㆟ㄽࡼࡾ2017 ᖺᗘ᪥ᮏᘓ⠏Ꮫ఍኱఍Ꮫ⾡ㅮ₇᱾ᴫ㞟࣭㒔ᕷィ⏬ࠊpp.847-848

2017 ᖺ 9 ᭶

᭷ ᮧ ᖾ ὈἙ ཎ ὒ Ꮚ㧗㱋⪅᪋タ࡟࠾ࡅࡿ࢖ࣥࢸࣜ࢔ࡢ◊✲̿ㄆ▱⑕ࢢ࣮ࣝࣉ࣮࣒࣍ධᒃ⪅ࡢᐙලࡢ౑⏝࡟╔┠ࡋࡓㄪᰝࡼࡾ

2017 ᖺᗘ᪥ᮏᘓ⠏Ꮫ఍஑ᕞᨭ㒊◊✲ሗ࿌࣭ィ⏬⣔ࠊ57 ྕࠊpp.37-40

2018 ᖺ 3 ᭶఩ ⏣ 㐩 ဢⅆᒣ⅊○ᒌ≀ࢆ⏝࠸ࡓㄪ‵ᶵ⬟ࢆ᭷ࡍࡿ྿௜
ࡅᘓᮦࡢ㛤Ⓨ ➨㸱ሗ ‵ᘧ྿௜ࡅᘓᮦࡢㄪ
‵ຊ࠾ࡼࡧㄪ‵ᛶ⬟ࡢホ౯2017 ᖺᗘ᪥ᮏᘓ⠏Ꮫ఍஑ᕞᨭ㒊◊✲ሗ࿌࣭ᵓ㐀⣔ࠊ57 ྕࠊpp.157-160

2018 ᖺ 3 ᭶

㇂ ཱྀ ὒ ྖࣇ࣮ࣜࢸ࢟ࢫࢺ࡛グ㏙ࡉࢀࡓᝈ⪅᝟ሗࡢࣉࣛ
࢖ࣂࢩ࣮ಖㆤ᪉ᘧࡢᥦ᱌

᝟ሗ⛉Ꮫࣇ࢛࣮࣒ࣛ(FIT2017)㸾ᮾி኱Ꮫ

2017 ᖺ 9 ᭶ୖ 㔝   ோ࢖ࢫ࢚ࣛࣝࡢࢧ࢖ࣂ࣮ࢭ࢟ࣗࣜࢸ࢕࣭࣋ࣥࢳ
࣮ࣕ௻ᴗ᭱๓⥺SPI ࢧ࢖ࣂ࣮ࢭ࢟ࣗࣜࢸ࢕ࣇ࢛࣮ࣛ
࣒ࠊ㸦ᰴ㸧ࢩ࣮ࢻࣉࣛࣥࢽࣥࢢ

2017 ᖺ 5 ᭶

⾰ ᕝ ຌ ୍ᆅᇦࢆάᛶ໬࡟ᑟࡃ㉸ᑠᆺࣔࣅࣜࢸ࢕ࡢᑗ᮶
ീୖ㔛⏫㉸ᑠᆺࣔࣅࣜࢸ࢕฼ά⏝᥎㐍༠㆟఍2018 ᖺ 3 ᭶㕥 ᮌ ᗣ ἞Ύ₩ᚿྥ࡜ᾘ㈝ᵝᘧࡢᏳᐃ໬̿㠀ᾘ㈝୺⩏࡟㛵ࡍࡿᐇドศᯒ⤒῭♫఍Ꮫ఍ ➨ 53 ᅇ඲ᅜ኱఍

2017 ᖺ 9 ᭶࣮ࣟࢬᖹ⏣ᫀᏊ₎Ꮠࡢᥦ♧ἲࡢ㐪࠸࡟ࡼࡿᏛ⩦ຠᯝࡢ᳨ド㸫ࡦࡽࡀ࡞ࢆ⏝࠸ࡓㄒᙡඛ⾜Ꮫ⩦࡜₎Ꮠྠ᫬Ꮫ
⩦ࡢẚ㍑

᪥ᮏㄒᩍ⫱Ꮫ఍ ᫓Ꮨ኱఍㸦࣏ࢫࢱ࣮Ⓨ⾲㸧2017 ᖺ 5 ᭶