INDIA

Using technology
forUrban Sector

Vaibhav Chaturvedi
Prasoon Agarwal
Amir Bashir Bazaz

AIM T
Training
i i Workshop
W kh
NIES, Tsukuba
31/10/2008

Vision !

Discussion points
 City plan/ urban structure Change in energy mix
 End use technologies
 Behavioral
 Supply side technologies

Our Analysis
 Sectors of Focus
UUrbanba Residential
da ( Slums)u ) Urban Transport

Household Energy Profile

Transport – CO2 Increase

Garg (2006)

Garg, 2006

Action 1Energy Efficient housing
for Urban areas
Lack of skill

Financing the needCreate innovative
mechanisms
PPP/Microfinance/
Subsidies/cost share

Lack of knowledge
about technology

Special skilled
People/local
peoplepp

Lack ofprofessional
institutions

Standardization

Motivation/Agreement

Implementationp
Data/Information
about needs
Resource centers/
aggregate demand
C t critical
Createiti l mass

Capacity building/Capability
Create information &Infrastructure – institutions,people, society

Research/
SurveyCollaborate/Participatory
approaches design(alternate governancestructures)

Buildcapacity

Action 2 Penetration of sustainableenergytechnology - slums

Lack oflocal/personal
needs

Skill level
lowidentification

High investment

High cost

Lack ofprofessional
instit tions
institutions

High cost

Improve load factor

Non-internalisation ofEnergy cost
Create informationand marketing
infrastructure

Energy pricing policy

Low demand/basicdemand

Create some alternate
Structure to support
Prices – subisidy on
Generation/consumption

Data/Information
about needs
Aggregate demand

Research/Data/Information
Surveyabout needs

Capacity building/Capability
Create information &Infrastructure – institutions,people, society

Data/Information
about needs

City plans- concretize

Buildcapacity

Action 3Using technology
for Urban masstransportation

High investment
Create innovative
mechanisms
PPP/Subsidies

High user cost

Improveoccupancy
ratio

High congestion

Use ICT for
traffic
management

Low/Improper demand

Lack of institutions
Information about
needs/mapping
Create information &Infrastructure
ast uctu e – institutions,st tut o s,
people, society

Reduce Private vehicles

Identificationof technology

Insufficient local
public transport
infrastructure

Data/Information
about needs

Research/Survey

Information abouttransport needs

Narrative Story
yCategory
Urban
Residential/Commercial

FactorReduction in demand

ABOptions

Achievement levelIncreased awareness about consumption - metering

100% dissemnination ofinformation

Technology use for reducing energy consumption - likeheating needs,
needs other lighting needs
Reduction in carbon
emissions

Urban transportation

Reduction in carbon
emissions

Better insulation material

100% in class 1 cities by
2050; 50% in class 2 cities

Energy efficient design

100% in class 1 cities by
2050; 50% in class 2 cities

Increased use of solar power for water heating

100% in class 1 cities by
2050; 50% in class 2 cities

Use of ICT in traffic management

100% in all major cities by
2020

Introduction of rapid transit systems in Class 1/2 cities
Reduction in service demand (pa-km/service)
Private vehicles (increasing % of electric vehicles)

Reduction in demand

Urban slum development

Aggregating demand(minimise efficiency loss)

4 metros by 2020100% by 2030
20% by 2050

Use of other clean fuels like natural gas

50% by 2020 in all major
citiesConcretizing city plans - appropriate situaton ofamenities (schools, markets,..)100% by 2020 all major
citiesMix of mass rapid systems - as per needs & trip
requirements

30% by 2030 in all majorcities

Use of ICT in shifting offices to homes (working fromhomes))

20% by 2030

Provision of basic in-situ housing amenities
Technology suiting a resource efficient design
Reduction of floor space occupation (vertical housing)

Reduction in carbon
emissions

50% iin classl1 cities
iti byb 2020

Use of solar or other renewables for lighting and otherbasic needs
Efficient solid waste management system

50% slums by 2020
50% slums by 2020
50% slum occupation by2030
50% slums by 2020
50% slums by 2020

2008

2010

2020

2030

2040

2050

Action 1

Energy Efficient housing for Urban areas
Barriers
Create information &Infrastructure –i tit ti
institutions,people,
l societyi t

Option 1

C
Capacity
it bbuilding/capacity
ildi /itResource centers/aggregate demand (Createcritical mass)
Implementation issues

Create innovative mechanisms
PPP/Microfinance/Subsidies/cost share

Research/ Survey

Finance needs

Data/Information about
needs

Option 2
Standardization

L k off knowledge
Lackkl d aboutb ttechnology

Collaborate/Participatory approaches design(alternate governance structures)
Motivation/Agreement

Option 3

Special skilled People/localpeople

Build capacityLack of need identification

Lack of professional
institutions

2008

2010

2020

2030

2040

2050

Action 2

Using technology for improving urban mass transportation
Barriers
CreateCt iinformation
fti & IInfrastructure
f t t–institutions, people, society

Option 1

Create innovative mechanisms
PPP/Subsidies

Use ICT for traffic management
Option 2
Identification of apprpriate technology

Increase occupancy ratio

Private vehicles reduction
Option 3
Information about transport
p needs

Research/Survey

2008

2010

2020

2030

2040

2050

Action 3

Penetration of sustainable energy technology - slums
BarriersInternalisation ofEnergy cost

Option 1

Create some alternate
Structure to support
Prices – subisidy on
Generation/consumption

High investment cost

Pricing policy

Create information &Capacity
Infrastructure – institutions,people, society building/capability

Create informationand marketing infrastructureHigh cost

Research/Survey

Data/Information about
needs

Improve load factor

High cost

Aggregate demand

Low demandCity plans- concretize

Data/information needs

Option 2Option 32008

2010

2020

2030

2040

2050

Technology Scenarios
for urban development
Scenarios

AB

Action 1(Urban slums)

Accelerated
penetration offsolarPenetration ofsolarl + energy
efficiency

Action 2(Urban tpt)

Modal shift tottmass transport

Modal shift +energy efficientffi i tvehicles

Penetration – Action 1
Urban
b Slums
SlPenetration – Action 1
Urban
b Slums
Sl
12
108
6
4
2

2000
2005
20
1020
15
20
20
20
25
2030
20
35
20402045
2050

0Scenario 1A (Slums- Solar)
Acceleratedld Solar
S l penetrationiMore solar penetration
250
200
150
100
50

2000
2005
20102015202020
25
2030
20
35
20402045
20500

Scenario 1B (Slums- Solar + ή)
Acceleratedld Solar
S l penetrationiBAU250
200150
10050

2000
2005
201020152020202520302035204020452050

0Efficiency improvement lead to a higher CO2 reduction

Penetration – Action 2Urbanb TransportPenetration – Action 2Urbanb Transport

2050

2045

2040

2035

2030

2025202020
1520
102005

2000

10987654
32
10

Scenario 2A (Urban – Mass)
CO2 reduction
dShift to public transport
250200150
100502050

2045

2040

2035203020252020201520102005

2000

0

Scenario 2B (Urban – Mass + ή)
CO2 reduction
dBAU
250
200
150
10050

2000
2005
20102015202020252030
20352040
2045
2050

0

Efficiency improvement lead to a higher CO2 reduction

Comments
 Synergies: SD with LCS
 Sensitizing policy makers and public Decision making and Implementation
 centralized v/s decentralized Developing Country Context – Biomass??

Thank You !