植物科学最前線 7:42 (2016)

C4 ,- Setaria viridis 35*į± ÇǥĜƍǑčŗª×Ũŷý ŘÍƲņů×ŨŷMpOs230-0045 ĲĿäǠƢ«ĞèŜ 1-7-22
Research tools of Setaria viridis, a model C4 plant
Keywords: C4 plant, genome, Setaria viridis, transcriptome, transformation
Hitoshi Sakakibara & Takatoshi Kiba
RIKEN Center for Sustainable Resource Science
1-7-22, Suehiro, Tsurumi, Yokohama 230-0045, Japan98 C4 ¸û%Ũŷ&5+

řª×ŠrƂƓřő×Š#þļ7{ò$Ɯ#65ǥCO2

ňƊÁƶ%Œñ/ǥŸƀ¹ªǥŪǡ¹ª$ĴƔ¢ª%,#"Ũŷ54ƇŻġǙƂƓ!ƛƑƂƓǎ

%+ǥC4 ¸ûûŹ$óơ#ǄÕ%Ĉ

Ɓ&ǥƻçǥ^jak9âīő/<m>?kKâīő7.ĺƺE[dCK/ǥĺƺUjpKCk`UdCK

š8$Ɯ#65ǥǋǄÕ%c:XpD

254ǥ52&5.ƽǄ×Š#9`nsP
ǘ2%9`nsPóơƨ,

4-ǥŝ#4

4!.ĄĊ5+ǥǚǄ×Š#Ðŝ%KCksXpD$& CO2 ňé¦ðwřƒ4#"%óơ.3ǥU;fn

FI%1#ÓÈ% C4 īő7¥ś4!&ÂǖğŲ

&ǥƻçǥŒ$C4 īőŨŷ%fTl!Ľţ54<[FnDGǣSetaria viridisǤ$ǥ%ŨŷRslĐ%Ŗœ!·Ɣõ$ĮƬ4
:8.& <[FnDGǣSetaria viridis, úśƙƫº green foxtailǤ&:Zů<[FnDGâ%ǦçřƚğǥĖǦǤ604Ǖƚ
ű!5

2Ů$
43ǥzƏǎƷƻ$Ƣ4ü$#,%łīő4ǣÃ

ǥųő%9oǣSetaria italica, úśº foxtail milletǤ%±&Ǖ.Ƶ4Ãǧ$|#ő!%ĺƺžƆĳ7ŬK:QPDjKǥBX9DjK#"%<ZlBső!ƻƉ

ǥ

4 (Li and Brutnell,2011)C4 ¸û%G_O:`&U;fnFIǥNl@eǥGU;A]#"!¹
NADP ckQC<pH:eǣNADP-MEǤÈ

4

H. Sakakibara & T. Kiba-1
BSJ-Review 7:42 (2016)

植物科学最前線 7:43 (2016) ÃǨ$E[eƤĤ54|#:Zůīő%Œñ7ĺƺ<[FnDG&E[eG:L510 Mbpǥyėǎſ 68 ǀǎ

4Ɨû%ēǌù´õŧēĢ¡ŴſǟǥƪÞ54

%-ǥřƒŘÍ7FpUnsl
5' 4 ǀǎ*"·ƔűÕ%²Ŷ.

4ħǝûǌěŧ*"tŴ3%ŵƗď.à##4-ǥţŠ$1řƒĢ7ǃĂ4!

4ĻŃ 25 ˚C Űé%ƕŊŃÜ+&ãĻưÀƳĕ

ƚu. 30 cm w

4!

5'ĪÉ·Ɣ2ǥÛǞĠđ!Ā/īő4

 żÄ USDA % National Plant Germplasm System $& 77 9CMQIip
4

ǥ

şǊ5

ǣhttp://www.ars-grin.gov/cgi-bin/npgs/html/taxon.pl?430573ǤǥŨŷś%ıŇ9C

MQIip! A10.1

èś54%9CMQIip&Ĩ% A102 8 yƕĸ7Ƌ3Ƽ.%3ǥE[eƤƭ$.ś254;8'!*
S. viridis %E[eǆ£&żÄ% Thomas Brutnell 27{ò!FpNsI9e$13ƤĤ
Ũǁ-254ŗ& PacBio RS II $14 denovo E[eIsC<pK/ǥǄÕń%-$ Roche
GS FLX+$14Øǌ cDNAIsC<pK7ƜǥFpNsI9e%E[eƤƭ$ƱŔ4PacBio RS II $14ƤĤ
TsO7³ï4żÄ
14Ƥƭ&ǥæÇǌ 6.6 kbǥE[eG:L%ſ 23 %.Ơď%ĶyIsC<pIpD`jQU^=se$Ø4ŖÅ52%TsO%9QMp_ks%ĘƃĹǒE[eǆ£öË&ƻ$Ǎ54Ú

3ǥ

4

 Ī É ű % 9 o ǣ S. italica Ǥ % E [ e ǆ £ & $Ǎ54ǣhttp://www.phytozome.net/foxtailmillet.phpǤ(Bennetzen et al., 2012)
H. Sakakibara & T. Kiba-2
BSJ-Review 7:43 (2016)

植物科学最前線 7:44 (2016) Øǌ cDNA ǆ£TsO$&ǥÀÙ¤!ǥŃéǥÌǥ~Ŏ
#"%KUmKŗ7Ûř%Ævǅ!Æwǅ

ªØǌ cDNA j:_jks7Ɵǥ5’1(Ÿƀĵ}2ǥCAP-trapper ļ7śÇt

1( 3’Ğź2%ǆ£7 Roche GS FLX+ƤĤƈƥ 5.6 million reads %TsO7³ïǥ%ſ­¢ń54%TsO%ľś$13ǥ13ķū#ǄÕ÷

Øǌ

4!

·Ɣ$#4!

ěì54
<8%67)
 <[FnDG%ëƴƸĉĒļ&ǥ:Z!¹İ$ûōűÕ2ƪÞ?lK$9Dn\CSk;eùĦ7ÑģǄÕ7Þ4Ēļś254űÕ

2%?lKƪÞ$ 8 ǀǎǥùĦ!IhsU¢ª$ 5 ǀǎǥĩ%ƪÞ$ 3 ǀǎǥǉv2űÕ²Ŷ$ſ 4 ǀǎ%ƥſ 5 qę

T1 y%űÕ

ï254ǥ%©

ŕ$&ǥ:Z#"$ĺ)++!647ï#&-$Ë½5Ēļ(Brutnell et al., 2010)%Ó#¿Ǜ&ëƴƸĉ©ŕĭ-ǥÛǓ%ś$Ɛŭ%ŨŷDls`&ǥ?lKÉǝÉÆ#"%Ģ7ČÐƅĥǥ5-10ǢǣùĦ?lK3Ǥ%©ŕ3ǥǄÕÞÛǞƻƞ4Ú#!

ëƴƸĉ7ïŖÛŠ$·Ɣ#mal$ǂ4%Ēļ$&4+ǥ%ŨŷDls`$14ČƖŐ.Ë½54(Van Eck and Swartwood, 2015)
=8(



ǚǄ×Š#ƤĤ7ǁ-4v

ǥĆ¸6$14Ǖ&ĵ!%#āƝ

H. Sakakibara & T. Kiba-3
BSJ-Review 7:44 (2016)

植物科学最前線 7:45 (2016)

48 ˚C(Jiang et al., 2013)

5(Sebastian et al., 2014)
Karrikin5%
90(Sebastian et al.,2014)

NMU (N-nitroso-N-metylurea)(Brutnell et al., 2015)

10,000	 
C4C4	 

H. Sakakibara & T. Kiba-4
BSJ-Review 7:45 (2016)

植物科学最前線 7:46 (2016)

A$0+/
Bennetzen JL, Schmutz J, Wang H, Percifield R, Hawkins J, Pontaroli AC, Estep M, Feng L,Vaughn JN, Grimwood J, Jenkins J, Barry K, Lindquist E, Hellsten U, Deshpande S,Wang X, Wu X, Mitros T, Triplett J, Yang X, Ye CY, Mauro-Herrera M, Wang L, Li P,Sharma M, Sharma R, Ronald PC, Panaud O, Kellogg EA, Brutnell TP, Doust AN,Tuskan GA, Rokhsar D, Devos KM. 2012. Reference genome sequence of the model plantSetaria. Nature Biotechnology 30:555-561.
Brutnell TP, Bennetzen JL, Vogel JP. 2015. Brachypodium distachyon and Setaria viridis:
Model Genetic Systems for the Grasses. Annual Review of Plant Biology 66:465-485.
Brutnell TP, Wang L, Swartwood K, Goldschmidt A, Jackson D, Zhu XG, Kellogg E, Van
Eck J. 2010. Setaria viridis: a model for C4 photosynthesis. Plant Cell 22: 2537-2544.
Jiang H, Barbier H, Brutnell T. 2013. Methods for performing crosses in Setaria viridis, anew model system for the grasses. Journal of Visual Experiments 80: e50527.
Li P, Brutnell TP. 2011. Setaria viridis and Setaria italica, model genetic systems for thePanicoid grasses. Journal of Experimental Bototany 62: 3031-3037.
Sebastian J, Wong MK, Tang E, Dinneny JR. 2014. Methods to promote germination ofdormant Setaria viridis seeds. PLoS One 9: e95109.
Van Eck J, Swartwood K. 2015. Setaria viridis. Methods in Molecular Biology 1223: 57-67.

H. Sakakibara & T. Kiba-5BSJ-Review 7:46 (2016)