Bull. Natl. Mus. Nat. Sci., Ser. B, 44(1), pp. 7–13, February 22, 2018

Moss Flora of Altaisky Territory, Central Russia
Masanobu Higuchi
Department of Botany, National Museum of Nature and Science,
Amakubo 4–1–1, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305–0005, Japan
E-mail: higuchi@kahaku.go.jp(Received 11 December 2017; accepted 20 December 2017)

Abstract The moss ﬂora of Altaisky Territory of Central Russia, including three areas, wasinvestigated in 2016. The mosses recognized comprise 24 families, 48 genera and 64 species. Themoss ﬂora recognized from each areas have different species compositions. It is thought to be dueto the difference of geology. Among the species recognized in this study, such calcicole mosses as
those species of Encalypta, Homomallium, Timmia and of the family Pottiaceae are only found inlimestone area, but such calcifuge ones as thoses species of Hedwigia, Racomitrium and of thefamily Polytrichaceae are not found there. For each species, locality, substrate and specimen number were given.
Key words: Altaisky Territory, bryophytes, Central Russia, ﬂora, mosses.

This study deals with the moss ﬂora ofAltaisky Territory, Central Russia. Although theoutline of the moss ﬂora in Russia is becoming
clear (cf. Ignatov et al., 2006), there has neverbeen enough knowledge on the local ﬂora. In
2016 I made a ﬁeld research and collected bryophytes mainly from three areas, two in
Cherginsky range and one in Tigireksky range, inAltaisky Territory. One of the areas in
Cherginsky range is a Pinus sylvestris forest with
granite boulders and the other is a place of awaste dump of old tungsten mine. The area inTigireksky range is a forest-stepp with outcropsof limestone.
Materials and Methods
Field study was carried out in 2016, and a totalof ca.130 bryophyte specimens were collected.
The complete set of the specimens are preservedin the herbarium of the Department of Botany,
National Museum of Nature and Science (TNS).
The main sites investigated are as follows.
A. Cherginsky range, at 17 km SE of BelokurihaCity, headwaters of Osinovka River, waste
dump of old (1939–1953) tungsten mine,
51°52′57″N, 84°48′48″E, ca. 680 m elev., July
10, 2016 (Figs. 1, 2).
B. Cherginsky range, at 13 km SE of BelokurihaCity, headwaters of Chernovaya River, granite boulders in the Pinus sylvestris forest,51°54′45″N, 84°50′48″E, ca. 810 m elev., July12, 2016 (Figs. 5, 6).
C. Tigireksky range, at 3.4 km NW from thecommunity of Tigirek, forest-steppe, limestone steep rock, 51°10′00″N, 82°59′39″E, ca.
690 m elev., July 13, 2016 (Figs. 9, 10).
Results and Discussion
1. Comparison of the moss ﬂora among the site
A, B and C
The species recognized from the areas investigated comprise 24 families, 48 genera and 64species. In the number of species, the site A,including 30 spp., is richer than those of the sites
B and C. The species composition of each sites israther different. For example, Hypnum

8Masanobu Higuchi

Figs. 1–4. Site A. 1, 2. Place of waste dump of old (1939–1953) tungsten mine at 17 km SE of Belokuriha City,
headwaters of Osinovka River. 3. Dicranum nipponense growing on base of tree-trunk. 4. Racomitrium canescens growing on sunny boulder. 5–8. Site B. 5, 6. Pinus sylvestris forest with granite boulders at 13 km SE ofBelokuriha City, headwaters of Chernovaya River. 7. Leskeella nervosa growing on root and having many
bud-like gemmae at shoot tips. 8. Syntrichia ruralis growing on granite rock covered with humus.

Moss Flora of Altaisky Territory, Central Russia

Figs. 9–16. Site C. 9, 10. Forest-steppe with outcrops of limestone at 3.4 km NW from the community of Tigirek.
11. Encalypta rhaptocarpa growing on crevice of rock. 12. Encalypta streptocarpa growing on crevice ofrock. 13. Mnium lycopodioides growing on crevice of rock in cave. 14. Orthotrichum anomalum growing on
sunny rock-cliff. 15. Tortella tortuosa growing on crevice of rock. 16. Abietinella abietina growing on rockcliff.

910

Masanobu Higuchicuressiforme which is known as a cosmopolitan
is only the species occurring on the three sites.
Twenty ﬁve species are only found in the site A,
twenty two species in the site C and seven species in the site B. Many bryophytes are faithfulindicators for particular sets of substratumrelated conditions. Especially the distinction
between calcicole (“calcium-loving”) and calcifuge (“calcium-hating”) species can be the principal dichotomy in a regional bryophyte ﬂora(Bates, 2009). There are many limestone outocrops in the site C. The calcicole species recognized in this study are as follows, showing occurring sites in the paretheses.
Barbulla unguiculata (C)Bryoerythrophyllum recurvirostrum (A)Didymodon rigidulus (C)Encalypta rhaptocarpa (C) (Fig. 11)
Encalypta streptocarpa (C) (Fig. 12)
Gymnostomum calcareum (C)Homomallium incurvatum (C)Schistidium apocarpum (C)Syntrichia ruralis (B, C) (Fig. 8)
Timmia bavarica (C)Tortella tortuosa (C) (Fig. 15)
On the other hands, the calcifuge species foundin this study are as follows.
Atrichum undulatum var. gracilisetum (A)Hedwigia ciliata (A)Racomitrium canescens (A) (Fig. 4)
Polytrichum juniperinum (A)The geology is one of the main reasons of thedifferent species compositions among the threesites, although the geological detail is not wellknown.
2. Noteworthy species
Dicranum nipponense Besch. (Fig. 3) is one ofEast Asian elements and this species is mainly
reported from Japan, Korea and China. In Russia
it has been only reported from Primorskiy Territory, the southern part of Far East Russia (“S-FE”in Ignatov et al., 2006). The range of the species
extends disjunctly northwestward to Altaisky
Territory.

3. Enumeration of species
The species recognized in this study comprise
24 families, 48 genera and 64 species, and they
are listed below. The scientiﬁc names follow
Frey et al. (2006) and Gofﬁnet et al. (2009). Thefamilies, genera and species are arranged alphabetically. Each species is referred by collecting
sites (A–C), substrates and collectorʼs numbers of
the author.
Amblystegiaceae
Sanionia uncinata (Hedw.) Loeske
A: on decaying log, mh-54553, 54554.
Brachytheciaceae
Brachythecium glareosum (Bruch ex Spruce)
Schimp. B: on boulder, mh-54672.
Cirriphyllum cirrosum (Schwägr.) Grout C:on crevice of rock, mh-54709 (＋Lescuraea
mutabilis); on rock-cliff, mh-54713, 54720,54722, 54726.
Eurhynchium angustirete (Broth.) T.J.Kop.
A: on soil, mh-54600.
Eurhynchium hians (Hedw.) Sande Lac. A:
on soil at rock-cliff, mh-54599.
Bryaceae
Bryum caespiticium Hedw. C: on soil at rockcliff, mh-54702; on crevice of rock, mh-54716.
Leptobryum pyriforme (Hedw.) Wils. C: onsoil in cave, mh-54738.
Dicranaceae
Dicranella heteromalla (Hedw.) Schimp. C:
on rock-cliff, mh-54723 (＋Abietinella abitina).
Dicranum fulvum Hook. B: on base of treetrunk, mh-54674.
Dicranum fuscescens Turn. A: on decaying
log, mh-54581, 54602.
Dicranum nipponense Besch. (Fig. 3) A: onrock-cliff, mh-54560; on base of tree-trunk,Moss Flora of Altaisky Territory, Central Russia

mh-54583.
Ditrichaceae
Distichium capillaceum (Hedw.) Bruch & Schimp.
C: on crevice of rock, mh-54725 (＋Didymodon rigidulus)
Encalyptaceae
Encalypta rhaptocarpa Schwägr. (Fig. 11) C:on crevice of rock, mh-54700, 54703, 54717,54724, 54730.
Encalypta streptocarpa Schwägr. (Fig. 12) C:on crevice of rock, mh-54705, 54714; on soil
at crevice of rock, mh-54718 (＋Mnium stellare)
Fissidentaceae
Fissidens bryoides
mh-54598.

Hedw. A:

onsoil,Grimmiaceae
Coscinodon cribrosus (Hedw.) Spruce C: onrock-cliff, mh-54728.
Grimmia fuscolutea Hook. B: on boulder,
mh-54670.
Racomitrium canescens (Hedw.) Brid. (Fig. 4)
A: on boulder, mh-54571.
Schistidium apocarpum (Hedw.) Bruch & Schimp.
C: on boulder, mh-54733.
Schistidium papillosum Culm. A: on boulder,
mh-54580.
Hedwigiaceae
Hedwigia ciliata (Hedw.) P.Beauv. A: on boulder, mh-54579. B: on boulder, mh-54671.
Hylocomiaceae
Hylocomium splendens (Hedw.) Schimp. A:
on humus, mh-54565. B: on boulder coveredwith humus, mh-54684.

11Pleurozium schreberi (Brid.) Mitt. A: onrock-cliff, mh-54564; on boulder, mh-54569.
Rhytidiadelphus triquetrus (Hedw.) Warnst.
A: on boulder covered with humus, mh-54563;
on humus, mh-54604.
Hypnaceae
Callicladium haldanianum (Grev.) H.A.Crum
A: on decaying log, mh- mh-54601.
Homomallium incurvatum (Brid.) Loeske C:
on rock-cliff, mh-54701; on boulder,mh-54731.
Hypnum cupressiforme Hedw. A: on base oftree-trunk, mh-54555. B: on rock-cliff,mh-54685. C: on boulder, mh-54695, 54735;
on rock-cliff, mh-54721.
Hypnum pallescens (Hedw.) P.Beauv. A: on
decaying log, mh-54556, 54557. B: on base oftree-trunk, mh-54673.
Pylaisia polyantha (Hedw.) Schimp. A: onrock-cliff,mh-54576;
ontree-trunk,mh-54582.
Pylaisia selwynii Kindb. A: on decaying log,
mh54559; on tree-trunk, mh-54567, 54590,54592; on fallen tree, mh-54587.
Taxiphyllum wissgrillii (Garov.) Wijk & Margad.
C: on crevice of rock in cave, mh-54742,54744.
Leskeaceae
Lescuraea mutabilis (Brid.) Lindb. C: on
crevice of rock, mh-54709 (＋Cirriphyllum
cirrosum).
Leskeella nervosa (Brid.) Loeske (Fig. 7) B:on base of tree-trunk, mh-54676; on root,mh-54677. C: on boulder, mh-54697; on rockcliff, mh-54708, 54727, 54747.
Leucodontaceae
Leucodon sciuroides (Hedw.) Schwägr.
rock-cliff, mh-54688.

B: on

12

Masanobu Higuchi

Mniaceae

Polytrichaceae

Mnium lycopodioides (Hook.) Schwägr. (Fig.
13) B: on rock-cliff, mh-54686. C: on crevice of rock in cave, mh-54749.
Mnium stellare Hedw. C: on soil at crevice ofrock, mh-54706, 54718 (＋Encalypta streptocarpa), 54736; on rock-cliff, mh-54719.
Plagiomnium cuspidatum (Hedw.) T.J.Kop.
A: on humus, mh-54562; on base of treetrunk, mh-54584.
Plagiomnium medium (Bruch & Schimp.) T.J.Kop.
B: on boulder covered with humus, mh-54683.
Pohlia wahlenbergii (F.Weber & D.Mohr)
A.L.Andrews C: on rock-cliff in cave,mh-54745.

Atrichum undulatum (Hedw.) P.Beauv. var.
gracilisetum Besch. A: on soil, mh-54593.
Notes. The plants (mh-54593) usually have
two sporophytes per shoot and its sexuality isparoicous.
Polytrichum juniperinum Willd. ex Hedw. A:
on soil, mh-54568.

Neckeraceae
Homalia trichomanoides (Hedw.) Schimp. A:
on rock-cliff, mh-54566, 54578.
Neckera pennata Hedw. B: on rock-cliff,mh-54689, 54690.
Orthotrichaceae
Orthotrichum anomalum Hedw. (Fig. 14) B:
on rock-cliff, mh-54669. C: on rock-cliff,
mh-54699, 54729; on boulder, mh-54732.
Orthotrichum pallens Bruch ex Brid. A: onrock-cliff, mh-54596.
Orthotrichum rupestre Schleich. ex Schwägr.
B: on rock-cliff, mh-54691.
Orthotrichum speciosum Nees A: on treetrunk, mh-54558.
Orthotrichum striatum Hedw. A: on fallen tree,
mh-54588; on tree-trunk, mh-54589; 54591.
B: on tree-trunk, mh-54675.
Plagiotheciaceae
Isopterygiopsis pulchella (Hedw.) Z.Iwats. A:
on soil at rock-cliff, mh-54573 (＋Bryoerythrophyllum recurvirostrum), 54605; on decaying log, mh-54606, 54607. B: on rock-cliff,
mh-54681.

Pottiaceae
Barbula convoluta Hedw. C: on rock-cliff incave, mh-54746.
Barbula crocea (Brid.) F.Weber & D.Mohr A:
on soil at rock-cliff, mh-54575.
Barbula indica (Hook.) Spreng A: on soil atrock-cliff, mh-54595.
Barbula unguiculata Hedw. C: on rock-cliff
in cave, mh-54740.
Bryoerythrophyllum recurvirostrum (Hedw.)
P.C.Chen A: on soil at rock-cliff, mh-54572,54574, 54577.
Didymodon rigidulus Hedw. C: on crevice ofrock, mh-54707, 54725 (＋Distichium capillaceum); on boulder covered with thin layer ofsoil, mh-54743.
Gymnostomum calcareum Nees & Hornsch.
C: on rock-cliff, mh-54737.
Syntrichia ruralis (Hedw.) F.Weber & D.Mohr(Fig. 8) B: on boulder covered with humus,
mh-54682. C: on boulder, mh-54734.
Tortella tortuosa (Hedw.) Limpr. (Fig. 15) C:
on rock-cliff, mh-54712; on crevice of rock,mh-54715; on boulder covered with soil,
mh-54830.
Pterigynandraceae
Pterigynandrum ﬁliforme Hedw. B: on boulder, mh-54680; on rock-cliff, mh-54693.
Pylaisiadelphaceae
Platygyrium repens (Brid.) Schimp. A: ontree-trunk, mh-54585, 54594.

Moss Flora of Altaisky Territory, Central Russia

Rhytidiaceae
Rhytidium rugosum (Ehrh. ex Hedw.) Kindb.
C: on rock-cliff, mh-54711.
Thuidiaceae
Abietinella abietina (Hedw.) M.Fleisch. (Fig.
16) C: on boulder, mh-54696; on rock-cliff,mh-54698, 54723 (＋Dicranella heteromalla).
Thuidium tamariscinum (Hedw.) Schimp. A:
on rock-cliff, mh-54603.
Timmiaceae
Timmia bavarica Hessl.
of rock, mh-54741.

C: on soil at crevice

Acknowledgments
I wish to thank Dr. Evgeny Davydov, Altai

13

State University, and Dr. Yoshihito Ohmura,
National Museum of Nature and Science, fortheir help in the ﬁeld research.
References
Bates, J. W. 2009. Mineral nutrition and substratum ecology. In: Gofﬁnet, B. and Shaw, A. J. (eds.), Bryophyte
Biology, second edition, pp. 299–356. Cambridge University Press, Cambridge.
Frey, W., Frahm, J.-P., Fischer, E. and Lobin, W. 2006.
The Liverworts, Mosses and Ferns of Europe. 512 pp.
Harley Books, Colchester.
Gofﬁnet, B., Buck, W. R. and Shaw, A. J. 2009. Morphology, anatomy, and classiﬁcation of the Bryophyta. In:
Gofﬁnet, B. and Shaw, A. J. (eds.), Bryophyte Biology,second edition, pp. 55‒138. Cambridge UniversityPress, Cambridge.
Ignatov, M. S., Afonina, O. M. and Ignatova, E. A. 2006.
Check-list of mosses of East Europe and North Asia.
Arctoa 15: 1–130.