WELCOME
Distinguished guests,
We are grateful that so many international and domestic experts have accepted our invitation toattend in the International Conference on Material Science and Nanotechnology. I warmly
welcome each and every one of you.
This International Conference on Material Science and Nanotechnology is especially crucial toachieving our purpose since it provides an exceptional chance to meet colleagues who share ourinterests and learn from the world's leading experts in the subject. We believe that combining suchacademic activities with enjoyable times of cultural and social events will create an unforgettable
memory for each participant. ICMSN is pleased to provide this unique opportunity to all of you.
The Conference has attracted 84 participants from 7 countries. We will hear 33 oral presentations
including 4 plenary lectures, and have an opportunity to see about 50 poster presentations.
Lastly, on behalf of the Scientific Committee of the International Conference on Material Scienceand Nanotechnology, I wish you all the best in your work and a wonderful stay in Mongolia.

GANZORIG Chimed
Director, Center for Nanoscience and Nanotechnology
Professor, Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering
School of Engineering and Technology
National University of Mongolia

CONFERENCE COMMITTEES
Scientific committee
Battogtokh D.

Ministry of Education and Science

Odgerel D.

Mongolian Foundation for Science and Technology

Ganzorig Ch.

National University of Mongolia

Davaasambuu J. Institute of Physics and Technology, Mongolian Academy of Sciences
Batjargal B.

National University of Mongolia

Avid B.

Mongolian Academy of Sciences

Jargalan P.

National Defense University

Gantulga D.

Institute of Biology, Mongolian Academy of Sciences

Namnan T.

Mongolian University of Science and Technology

Damdindorj B. Mongolian National University of Medical Sciences
Baasansukh B.

Mongolian University of Life Sciences

Battsengel B.

German-Mongolian Institute for Resources and Technology

Jamiyanaa D.

Chatham University

Battogtokh J.

U.S. Naval Research Laboratory

Odkhuu D.

Incheon National University

Ganbaatar T.

University of Cambridge

Munkhbayar B. Griffith University
Battulga M.

Technical University of Denmark

Chinzorig B.

Mongolian National Mining Association

Working group
Ulziibayar V.

Mongolian University of Science and Technology

3Mungun J.

Mongolian University of Life Sciences

Darambazar G.

Mongolian National University of Medical Sciences

Altangerel L.

German-Mongolian Institute of Technology

Erdenetsogt B.

National University of Mongolia

Otgongerel B.

Mongolian Academy of Sciences

Adiyadolgor T. Mongolian Academy of Sciences
Erdene N.

National University of Mongolia

Munkhtsetseg B. National University of Mongolia
Chinzorig R.

National University of Mongolia

Enkhdul T.

National University of Mongolia

Oyungerel Sh.

National University of Mongolia

Tuguldur B.

National University of Mongolia

Bayanmunkh A. National University of Mongolia
Boldbaatar J.

National University of Mongolia

Oyundelger G.

National University of Mongolia

Mendbayar Sh.

National University of Mongolia

Purevsuren Ts.

National University of Mongolia

Ninjbadgar Ts.

National University of Mongolia

Enkhjargal B.

National University of Mongolia

Oyundelger G.

National University of Mongolia

Otgon-Ujin M.

Center for Nanoscience and Nanotechnology, NUM

Maral D.

Center for Nanoscience and Nanotechnology, NUM

4

THE CONFERENCE
The core objectives of the NomaTech ICMSN-2024 are to delve deep into the most recent
innovations, research, and applications in both material science and nanotechnology, showcasing
the forefront of global scientific advancements and also playing a pivotal role in amplifying local
collaborations within Mongolia. By providing a platform where Mongolian researchers,
institutions, and industry experts could interact directly with international counterparts, theconference has fostered an environment conducive to collaborative partnerships .
CONFERENCE VENUE
National University of Mongolia – Academic Senate Hall
The Academic Senate Hall at the National University of Mongolia (NUM) is part of the university's
main administrative and academic structures. Located in Ulaanbaatar, NUM is the oldest and mostprestigious university in Mongolia, founded in 1942. The university offers a wide range ofprograms and has several schools and research centers under its umbrella.
The Academic Senate plays a crucial role in the governance of NUM, involving faculty,
researchers, and administration in decision-making processes. The university's main campus issituated in Sukhbaatar District, which is also home to various other faculties and administrativebuildings.

5

CONTENTS
WELCOME...............................................................................................................................2
CONFERENCE COMMITTEES .............................................................................................3
THE CONFERENCE ...............................................................................................................5
CONFERENCE VENUE ..........................................................................................................5
Speakers................................................................................................................................... 11
Plenary speakers .................................................................................................................... 11
Session 1 speakers ................................................................................................................. 14
Session 2 speakers ................................................................................................................. 16
Session 3 speakers ................................................................................................................. 19
Session 4 speakers ................................................................................................................. 22
Plenary talk session ................................................................................................................. 25
Enhancing solar cells and catalysts using novel nanomaterials ............................................... 25
Spontaneous orientation polarization of amorphous organic films and their applications todevices .................................................................................................................................. 26
Towards quantum computing with spins on surfaces .............................................................. 28
Molecular spin qubits toward quantum computer and high-density memry devices based onmolecular magnets ................................................................................................................. 30
Session 1: Next-Generation advanced materials: Fundamentals & Applications ................ 32
Fundamental processes in photofunctional materials studied by ultrafast spectroscopy .......... 32
Towards nanomagnetic materials design and characterization* .............................................. 34
Synthesis and optimization of Fe3O4 nanoparticles for hyperthermia application.................... 35
Processing of carbonaceous residue from waste tyre pyrolysis plants for the production ofhigh-quality carbon and its potential uses ............................................................................... 36
From waste to nanomaterials: synthesizing mesoporous silica from briquette coal ash foradvanced applications ............................................................................................................ 38
Session 2: Emerging functional materials & devices ............................................................. 39
Sustainable futuristic healthy society realized through AI-assisted personalized healthcare .... 39
Engineering two-dimensional (2D) materials for energy applications ..................................... 41
Highly deformable smart device for healthcare and medical application ................................ 42
6

Stochastic electrochemistry: a powerful emerging analytical tool for real time characterization.............................................................................................................................................. 43
Electrochemical engineering and direct ink writing 3D printing: cost-effective production of
2D nanomaterials and their bespoke assemblies ..................................................................... 45
Flame deposition technology for high purity fused silica generation ...................................... 47
Application of magnetic nanoparticles in cancer therapy ........................................................ 48
Structure and properties of hydrogels prepared by coordination bonds ................................... 49
Session 3: Novel trends in nanostructures & nanomaterials: design, characteristics, &applications.............................................................................................................................. 50
To be announced ................................................................................................................... 50
Nanoengineered transition metal dichalcogenides platform for quantum photonics: generationand interference of single photons .......................................................................................... 51
Water at Biointerfaces ........................................................................................................... 53
Spin-triplet superconductivity at LSMO/YBCO interfaces ..................................................... 54
PHONON TRANSPORT IN NANOSTRUCTURED MATERIALS. .................................... 55
Continuous molecular monitoring: Development of optical biosensors .................................. 56
Session 4: Current and future prospects of bio & nanotechnology ....................................... 57
The present situation in materials research activity in Mongolia and possible future directions
emphasise utilising natural resources and various wastes. ...................................................... 57
Biosynthesis, physical properties, and biodegradability of α-methylated
polyhydroxyalkanoates .......................................................................................................... 59
Cenococcum geophilum sclerotia: a key biomaterial in diverse environment .......................... 61
Towards a green future with structured catalysts; fluegas treatment and CO 2 activation at nearindustrial level ....................................................................................................................... 62
Identification and functional analysis of key proteases involved in Schistosoma japonicum
cercariae penetration .............................................................................................................. 63
Directed-differentiation of neural stem cells into normal and abnormal astrocytes based on bionano interface ........................................................................................................................ 65
Double hits with bioactive nanozyme based on cobalt-doped nanoglass for acute and diabetic
wound therapies through anti-inflammatory and pro-angiogenic functions ............................. 66
From local to global R&I: practices in next generation material development for bio-medical
applications ........................................................................................................................... 68
7

Poster session ........................................................................................................................... 69
Studies on fabrication of nanostructured few-layer MoS2 and their physicochemical
characterization ..................................................................................................................... 69
Some results of formulation of nano calcium supplements with cholecalciferol and rhodiola
extract for treatment of osteoporosis ...................................................................................... 70
Antioxidant and antibacterial properties of artemisia sieversiana Willd. extracts: a focus on
ethyl acetate extract ............................................................................................................... 72
Aspen plus simulation of copper cathode production by L-SX-EW processing ...................... 74
Superhydrophobic modification and morphological characterization of camel wool fiber
surfaces with silica nanoparticles by AFM method ................................................................ 75
Enhancing magnetic properties and Curie temperature of 4d and 5d transition metal and pblock element co-doped Fe2P alloys ....................................................................................... 76
In vitro cultivation and acclimatization to natural conditions of Lycium ruthenicum Murr ...... 77
Nanoceria-GO-intercalated multicellular spheroids revascularize and salvage critical ischemic
limbs through anti-apoptotic and pro-angiogenic functions .................................................... 78
Mechanical and liquid phase exfoliations of MoS2 ................................................................. 79
Plant mediated synthesis of silver nanoparticles: their characteristic properties, antibacterial
effect and their burn wound healing efficacy .......................................................................... 80
Solid waste of tannery – opportunity of gelatin based organic fertilizer .................................. 81
Characteristics and effects of hair products containing Mongolian natural mineral zeolites .... 82
Analysis for germination activity and salinity stress resistance on some mongolian pastureplants ..................................................................................................................................... 84
Isolation, purification, and antioxidant activity evaluation of polysaccharides from cynanchum
thesiodes (Freyn).K.Schum .................................................................................................... 85
An amount that determines the particle size of fortified calcite .............................................. 87
Enhancing intrinsic magnetic properties of ThMn12-type Sm(Fe1-xCox)11.5Ti0.5 throughinterstitial B, N, and C elements ............................................................................................ 89
Epitaxial growth of SmFe12 films by molecular beam epitaxy ................................................ 90
Mineralogical analysis of copper concentrate and tailings from the ore flotation process of acopper molybdenum porphyry deposit ................................................................................... 92
Development of electrospun scaffolds containing nanohydroxyapatite for bone regeneration . 93

8

Influence of long-chain alkyl groups in graft binders on carbon agent distribution for highcapacity anodes in lithium-ion batteries ................................................................................. 94
Single-cell mass cytometry for the nanotoxicity studies: interaction between the peripheral
blood mononuclear cell and nanoparticles .............................................................................. 96
Effect of different ball sizes on particle size variation and grinding kinetic of calcite powderusing a planetary ball mill with DEM simulation ................................................................... 97
Enhancing the extraction of rare earth elements (rees) from coal ash through acid-leaching ... 98
Effect of ball powder ratio variation on particle size distribution and morphology evolution of
calcite powder using a planetary ball mill .............................................................................. 99
Some results of the technological study to obtain innovative products from the raw materialsof mongolian medicine ........................................................................................................ 100
Biosynthesis of silver nanoparticles with antimicrobial activity using novel yeast strains ..... 102
Rare-earth free permanent magnet –transition 3d metal and Si doped iron phosphide (Fe2P) 103
Theoretical study of rare earth element doped SmFe12 compound ........................................ 104
Structural optimization of FeCo alloys by doping elements .................................................. 105
Phytochemical screening of the forage plants and its importance for livestock animals inmongolia, artemisia sieversiana and chloris virgata as examples .......................................... 107
Research on the possibility of reducing the soil lead pollution by using microorganisms...... 108
Fabrication of P3HT-Based Red Electroluminescent Diodes and Their Optical andMorphological Studies on Polymer Thin Films .................................................................... 109
Improving The Electrical Characteristics of Pentacene Organic Field Effect Transistors with
Low-Cost Copper Electrodes by Self-Assembled Monolayer Modification .......................... 110
Intrinsic room-temperature ferromagnetism in two-dimensional MoSe2 monolayer ............. 111
Fe-Ni based alloys as rare-earth free gap permanent magnets............................................... 112
Production of light hydrocarbons (C2-C4) by hydrogenation of CO2 using Co-K/ɣ-Al2O3
catalysts with additional metal promoters (Ba, La, Ce) and combined supports (Y2O3, TiO2)............................................................................................................................................ 113
Dual-defective SnS2: a promising 2D photocatalyst semiconductor for overall water splitting
toward hydrogen fuel ........................................................................................................... 115
Research on possibility to obtain fuel product from animal fat oil ........................................ 117
Smart biomaterials and bioresponsive materials ................................................................... 119
Nitrate pollution and its sources in ground and surface waters of central Mongolia .............. 120
9

Green synthesis and characterization of silver nanoparticles using Dracocephalum foetidum
aqueous extract and evaluation of their antibacterial and antioxidant activities ..................... 121
A Correlation between ore mineralogical composition at different depths and bond work index
for the Erdenetiin Ovoo Cu-Mo porphyry deposit, Mongolia ............................................... 122
Towards mineralogical characterization of the flotation products using automated mineralliberation analysis at the “Erdenetiin ovoo” Cu-Mo porphyry deposit, Mongolia ................. 123
Theoretical study of rare earth element doped SmFe12 compound ........................................ 124
Controlled growth of tmds films using Atmospheric pressure chemical vapor deposition ..... 125

10

Speakers
Plenary speakers
To be updated as biographies are submitted

Sir Konstantin Sergeevich Novoselov
Prof Sir Konstantin ‘Kostya’ Novoselov FRS was born in Russia in August 1974.
He is best known for isolating graphene at The University of Manchester in 2004,
and is an expert in condensed matter physics, mesoscopic physics andnanotechnology. Every year since 2014 Kostya Novoselov is included in the list of
the most highly cited researchers in the world. He was awarded the Nobel Prize forPhysics in 2010 for his achievements with graphene. Kostya is a director of theInstitute for Functional Intelligent Materials and holds a position of a Tan Chin Tuan
Centennial Professor at the National University of Singapore. He is also part time Langworthy Professor of
Physics and the Royal Society Research Professor at The University of Manchester.
He graduated from the Moscow Institute of Physics and Technology, and undertook his PhD studies
at the University of Nijmegen in the Netherlands before moving to The University of Manchester in 2001.
Later Professor Novoselov joint the National University of Singapore in 2019. Professor Novoselov has
published more than 400 peer-reviewed research papers. He was awarded with numerous prizes, including
Nicholas Kurti Prize (2007), International Union of Pure and Applied Science Prize (2008), MIT
Technology Review young innovator (2008), Europhysics Prize (2008), Bragg Lecture Prize from theUnion of Crystallography (2011), the Kohn Award Lecture (2012), Leverhulme Medal from the Royal
Society (2013), Onsager medal (2014), Carbon medal (2016), Dalton medal (2016), Otto Warburg Prize(2019), John von Neumann Professor from the John von Neumann Computer Society (2022) among manyothers. He was knighted in 2010 as Knight Commander of the Order of the Netherlands Lion and knighted
in 2012 as Knight Bachelor in the United Kingdom New Year Honours for services to science.

Joe Shapter
Professor Joe Shapter received his PhD from the University of Toronto in 1990. He
subsequently held a NSERC Fellowship at The University of Western Ontario
before moving to Australia in 1996 to take up a position at Flinders University. Joe
served as Dean of the School of Chemical and Physical Sciences, heading theFlinders involvement in both Microscopy Australia and the Australian National
Fabrication Facility (ANFF). He was the Pro- Vice-Chancellor (Research
Infrastructure) at the University of Queensland from 2018 to 2022. He is now amember of the Australian National Research Instructure Advisory Group.

11Hisao Ishii
Hisao Ishii received his MS and PhD degrees in chemistry from the University ofTokyo, in 1988 and1991, respectively. His thesis research focused on the metastable
atom electron spectroscopy of clean and adsorbate-covered silicon surfaces. In 1991,
he started to investigate the film and interface electronic structure of organic
semiconductors at Nagoya University as an assistant professor. In 2002, he waspromoted to associate professor in Research Institute of Electrical Communication,
Tohoku University, to extend his research to organic device physics. Now, he isworking for Chiba University since 2006 as a professor. His current researchinterests include photoelectron spectroscopy of functional organic materials, electronic structure of organic/
inorganic interfaces, and molecular orientation of thin organic films. His efforts are also focusing on
developing new techniques such as high-sensitivity photoelectron spectroscopy and rotary Kelvin probe etc.

Andreas J. HeinrichHeinrich is a world-leading researcher in the field of quantum-coherent nanoscience
with a focus on quantum spins on surfaces. He pioneered spin excitation and singleatom spin resonance spectroscopy with scanning tunneling microscopes – methods
that have provided high-resolution access to the quantum states of atoms andnanostructures on surfaces. This has culminated in the demonstration of a qubit
platform made of atomic spins on a surface (Science 2023) and quantum sensing withatomic-scale spatial resolution (under review 2024). Heinrich is fascinated by theworld of atoms and nanostructures, built with atomic-scale precision, and educatesthe public on nanoscience as demonstrated by the 2013 release of the movie “A Boy
and his Atom”.
A native of Germany, Heinrich received his PhD in 1998 from the University of Göttingen andthen joined the research group of Dr. Donald Eigler at IBM Almaden as a postdoc. Heinrich spent 18
years in IBM Research, which uniquely positioned him to bridge the needs of industrial research and theacademic world. Heinrich became a distinguished professor of Ewha Womans University in Seoul, South
Korea in August 2016 and started the Center for Quantum Nanoscience (QNS) of the Institute for Basic
Science (IBS) in January 2017. QNS is operating several state-of-the-art STM and AFM systems andcombines this atomic-scale approach with ensemble-averaging techniques such as x-ray spectroscopy andensemble ESR with a surface-science focus. These experimental techniques are rounded off withsynthetic chemistry and a well-rounded theory team. QNS’s motto is “engineering the quantum future”.
On the goal-oriented side, this implies a focus on developing new qubit platforms for quantum
computation with spins on surfaces. On the exploratory side of our research agenda, we continue thedecades’ long quest of exploring how the world works on the atomic length scale.

Masahiro Yamashita

12Masahiro Yamashita received PhD in 1982 from Kyushu University. After his
graduation, he was appointed as Assistant Professor at Kyushu University in 1983.
In 1989, he was appointed as Associate Professor at Nagoya University, and he waspromoted to full Professor at the same university in 1998. He was a full Professor
at Tokyo Metropolitan University from 1999 to 2004. Then he moved Tohoku
University as a full Professor. He is now Emeritus Professor of Tohoku University.
He is also Changjiang Chair Professor of Tongji University (China) and Adjunct
Professor of IISER Bhopal (India). He has been honored with the Inoue ScientificAward (2002), the Chemical Society of Japan Award for Creative Work (2005), theAward of Japan Society of Coordination Chemistry (2014), Mukai Award (2018), and the Chemical Societyof Japan Award for 2019. He received Award for Honorary Member of Slovakia Chemical Society in 2024.
Original Papers: 528. Review Articles: 108. Books: 21. Total 657 publications.

13Session 1 speakers
Ken Onda
Ken Onda is a Professor of Chemistry at Kyushu University in Japan. He completed
his Ph.D. thesis with Professor Kaoru Yamanouchi at the University of Tokyo in
1994. In 1995 he became a research associate at Tokyo Institute of Technology. In
2002 he joined the research group of Professor Hrvoje Petek at University ofPittsburgh. In 2004 he became a researcher of Non-Equilibrium Dynamics Projectof JST. In 2008 he was appointed an associate professor of Environmental
Chemistry and Engineering at Tokyo Institute of Technology. His current researchinterests include ultrafast dynamics in complex and practical chemical systems.

Odkhuu Dorj
Prof. Odkhuu Dorj received his PhD in Physics from the University of Ulsan, South
Korea, in 2012. For the following 2 years, he worked and involved as postdoctoral
fellowship and senior scientist in several renowned academic institutions, including
InsilicoTech, Samsung Electronics, Ulsan National Institute of Science andTechnology, California State University Northridge, and University of California
Los Angeles. He joined the Department of Physics in Incheon National University
as an assistant professor in 2014 and promoted to associate professor in 2018 andprofessor in 2023. His research focuses on computational materials design andprediction of 2D materials, permanent magnetic and magnetoelectric materials, andenergy storage materials. Currently, he is a member of American Physical Society, Korean Physical Society,and Korean Magnetic Society, and active Reviewer of Physical Review Letters, Physical Review B,
Applied Physics Letters, Journal of Applied Physics, Nature Communication, Scientific Reports, etc. He
has published more than 100 SCI papers in peer-reviewed journals, and several tens of invited andcontributed talks in various scientific meetings.

Chao Ming Fu
Dr. Chao Ming Fu is an accomplished physicist with a Ph.D. and a Master'sin Physics from the Catholic University of Leuven, Belgium. He currently
serves as Vice President of Fo Guang University (since August 2021) and has
been a Professor in the Physics Department at National Taiwan University
since 2006. His previous roles include Director of the Center of Teacher
Education at National Taiwan University (2019-2021), Director of theDivision at Moscow, Ministry of Science and Technology (2014-2018), Chairof the Applied Physics Department at the National University of Kaohsiung,and Professor at National Kaohsiung Normal University (1995-2006).
Dr. Chao Ming Fu has conducted visiting research at the IBM Almaden Research Center and theTokyo Institute of Technology. He actively contributes to the academic community as General
14Secretary of the Taiwan Association of Quantum Computing and Information Technology,
President of SY-A Taiwan, Yuneyama Memorial Foundation, Vice President of the Taiwan
Association of Magnetic Society, and a Steering Committee Board Member of the Asia-PacificConference of Young Scientists.

Tak Kim
Dr. Tak H. Kim is a lecturer in the School of Environment and Science and serves
as an Advance Queensland Industry Research Fellow at Griffith University,
Australia. Since the completion of his PhD in nanocarbon materials in 2016, he has
dedicated his effort to collaborating with small and medium-sized enterprises,
working towards the development of practical solutions, tailored to their specificneeds. His research is centered on extracting valuable resources from disposedmaterials using sustainable processing techniques.

Altantuya Ochirkhuyag
Dr. Altantuya Ochirkhuyag is an Environmental Chemist with a distinguishedacademic background. She earned her Bachelor's and Master's degrees inEnvironmental Chemistry from the National University of Mongolia in 2011
and 2013, respectively. Pursuing her passion for environmental science, shecompleted her PhD in Environmental Science at the University of Szeged,
Hungary, in 2021.
Dr. Ochirkhuyag is currently a researcher at the Mongolian Academy of
Sciences, working within the Institute of Chemistry and Chemical Technology. Her research iscentered on the synthesis of advanced materials derived from natural minerals and waste materials,
with a focus on their application in addressing environmental challenges.

15Session 2 speakers
Nobuhiro Hayashi
Nobuhiro Hayashi has served as vice president for international affairs since April
2022. He also serves concurrently as professor at the School of Life Science andTechnology. Hayashi earned his bachelor’s degree in physics from the Universityof Tokyo in 1989, and then completed his master’s and doctoral degrees in life
chemistry at Tokyo Tech in 1991 and 1994 respectively. Soon after, Hayashi joined
the Institute for Comprehensive Medical Science at Fujita Health University, where
he served as lecturer, assistant professor, and associate professor. Hayashi returnedto Tokyo Tech in August 2008 as associate professor at the Graduate School of
Bioscience and Biotechnology.

Munkhbayar Batmunkh
Dr Munkhbayar Batmunkh is an Australian Research Council (DECRA) fellow in
Queensland Micro- and Nanotechnology Centre (QMNC) and a Senior Lecturer in
the School of Environment and Science at Griffith University, Australia. Dr
Batmunkh currently leads an active independent research group working onfunctional materials, solar cells, catalysis and their integrated systems. He
completed his PhD study in School of Chemical Engineering at the University of
Adelaide, in 2017. He obtained his “Master of Engineering” degree from
Gyeongsang National University, in South Korea in 2012. He completed his “Bachelor of Science” degreein Chemistry at the National University of Mongolia, in Mongolia in 2010.

Hiroki Ota
Hiroki Ota received a Ph.D. degree in Mechanical Engineering from Keio
University in 2011, and was a postdoctoral fellow in the Tokyo Women’s
Medical University and University of California, Berkeley from 2011 to
2016. He joined in the Osaka university as an assistant professor from 2016,
and was a guest associate professor. He joined the faculty of the Yokohama
National University where he is currently an associate professor of
Mechanical Engineering. He was a visiting researcher in the National Institute of Advanced
Industrial Science and Technology (AIST) in Japan and JST. His research interests include flexible
electronics, biosensors, and soft matter.

16

Sina Jamali
Sina Jamali is an ARC DECRA Fellow at School of Chemistry. His research centres
around electrochemistry of materials and cells. He works closely with Scientia
Professor Justin Gooding within the Smart Materials and Surfaces Research Group.
Graduated Ph.D. under Prof Gordon Wallace from ARC Centre of Excellence forElectromaterials Science (ACES) at University of Wollongong (2016), Postdoctoral
Research Fellow and Lecturer, University of Wollongong (2016-2020), Project
leader at ARC Research Hub for Australian Steel Innovation (2017-2019), Growthand Innovation Technology Leader, Hexion, Melbourne (2020-2021).

Yu Lin Zhong
A/Prof Yulin Zhong completed his PhD in Chemistry at the National University ofSingapore (NUS) and did his post-doctoral training at Princeton University (2009)
and Massachusetts Institute of Technology (2011). After spending three years in theUSA, he worked as a Research Scientist at the Institute of Bioengineering andNanotechnology, A*STAR Singapore, (2012) and thereafter, as an ARC DECRA
Fellow at Monash University (2013). In 2016, he accepted a Senior Lecturer
position at Griffith University, was promoted to Associate Professor in 2020 andawarded the ARC Future Fellowship in the same year. Currently, he serves as theTreasurer in the Electrochemistry Division of the Royal Australian Chemical Institute.

Oleg Penyazkov
Dr. O.G. Penyazkov graduated from the Belarusian State University in 1987.
Since 1984, he has been affiliated with the A.V. Lykov Institute of Heat andMass Transfer, where he became the Head of the Laboratory in 2001, Headof the Department in 2005, Deputy Director for Research in 2006, andDirector in 2011. He is also the Chief Editor of the "Journal of Engineering
Physics" since 2009 and Editor-in-Chief of the "International Journal of Heatand Mass Transfer" since 2010. His research spans high-temperature thermal
physics, gas dynamics, and combustion physics. He has made significant
contributions to understanding detonation waves, combustion inheterogeneous systems, and high-temperature oxidation of fuels. Dr. Penyazkov is a member ofseveral prestigious international scientific institutes and has authored over 270 scientific papers,
including 6 monographs and 8 patents. His work has earned him numerous awards, including the
V.A. Koptyug Award (2009), the A.V. Lykov Award (2012), the Russian Federation of
Cosmonautics Medal (2014), and the Tsuoshi Asanuma Medal (2016).

17

Wei Zhang
Prof. Wei Zhang obtained his Ph.D in University of Leeds, UK in 2008 and then heworked at the Institute of Advanced Technology in University of Surrey, UK. In
2011, he joined Dalian University of Technology. Prof. Zhang's research interests
include hyperthermia therapy of cancer, hydrogel for drug delivery and tissue
engineering, mechanics of tissue and cell. He has published over 90 SCI journal
papers as the first/corresponding author, which have received over 2200 citations
with an H-index 24. He has been granted 30 Chinese invention patents, 1 US patentand 10 software copyrights. He is the Associate Editor of Beni-Suef University
Journal of Basic and Applied Sciences, Editor of Modern Chemical Research. He is
the principal investigator (PI) of one project and one sub-project of National Key Research andDevelopment Project of China. He is also the PI of 13 projects of National Natural Science Foundation ofChina, Ministry of Science and Technology of China, and Ministry of Education of China, etc.

Daewon Sohn
Daewon Sohn, is a professor in the Department of Chemistry at Hanyang University,
Seoul, Korea. He received his BS and MS at Hanyang Univ. and PhD (supervisor:
prof. Paul Russo) at Louisiana State Univ., Baton Rouge, USA in 1994. After
postdoctoral career at Univ. of Wisconsin, Madison (supervisor, prof. Hyuk Yu) andUniv. of Toronto, Canada (supervisor, prof. Eugenia Kumacheva), he joined thedepartment of chemistry at Hanyang Univ. in 1997. He also worked at NISTGaithersburg (Dr. Mike Fasolka), Kyushu University (prof. Atsushi Takahara),
RIKEN (Dr. Mizuo Maeda), CUHK and USTC (prof. Chi Wu). Sohn’s researchinterests are the characterizations of polymeric materials in solution state, at the air/water interface, and in
bulk
state.
In
his
laboratory,
polymerphysicalchemistrylab.
(PPCL,
https://sites.google.com/view/hyuppcl), many different techniques are used to characterize the polymer
systems, Light scattering, X-ray and Neutron scattering, Langmuir Blodgett, AFM, Surface Force
Measurement, BET, DMA, DSC, Viscometry, Cytometry, and etc. He has published 156 peer reviewed
journal articles and 17 registered patents. Now, he is a director of the Research Institute for Convergenceof Natural Science, and a chair of the Core-Facility Center for Polymers & Composite Materials funded by
NRF-Korean. And he has served as an Editor of Polymer Bulletin, Springer, since 2008.

18

Session 3 speakers
Battulga Munkhbat
Battulga Munkhbat received his PhD in Photonics from Johannes Kepler University
Linz, Austria, in 2016. His research focuses on nano- and quantum photonics,
quantum light sources, photonic quantum computers, nanofabrication, and strong
light-matter interactions. He held Postdoc and Researcher positions at Chalmers
University of Technology in Sweden (2016-2021). In 2021, he accepted a tenuretrack Assistant Professor position at the Technical University of Denmark (DTU)
and moved to Denmark to establish his research group and state-of-the-art quantum
optics laboratories. His research has been published in several prestigious journals,
including Nature, Nature Physics, Nature Nanotechnology, Nature Communications (3x), and Science
Advances, and has resulted in a US Patent (app:17/794,929). He is also a co-founder of SMENA Tech AB.
In 2022, he received two prestigious research grants: the ERC Starting Grant (1.5 million Euro) to develop
a tunable quantum photonic circuit using a nanoengineered 2D transition metal dichalcogenides platform
and the Villum Young Investigator Grant (0.5 million Euro) to create highly efficient single-photon
sources for future optical quantum computers.

Tomohiro Hayashi
Dr. Tomohiro Hayashi earned his Ph.D. from Ruprecht-Karls Universität
Heidelberg in 2003. He later served as an associate professor at the Tokyo Instituteof Technology. To date, he has been honored with eleven awards, including the
Asahi Kasei Award (2011), JSPS Young Researchers’ Award (2018), and JVSS
Fellow designation (2023), among others. Recently, his scientific endeavors havecentered on advancing surface and interfacial analytical techniques to investigate
biointerfaces. This includes the use of atomic force microscopy combined with laser
spectroscopy and high-speed signal processing spectroscopy, single-molecule
dynamic force measurements, and materials informatics for the design of biomaterials. He is also runninga start-up company producing graphene-based supercapacitors (Everon Technologies, Co, Ltd). A
comprehensive summary of his scientific contributions and achievements can be found at http://lab.spm.jp/.

Hsiung Chou
Professor Chou finished his Ph.D. at the Columbia University in the City of New
York 1992 and is a Distinguished Professor of Department of Physics, National Sun
Yat-sen University (NSYSU), Taiwan. His main interests are on superconductivity,
magnetism, exotic interface and defect physics. He works on the use Synchrotron
Radiation and Neutron Scattering. He had served as the Dean of the College of
Science and Chair of the Department of Physics of NSYSU. He is the Vice Presidentof the Asia-Oceania Neutron Scattering Association and the Advisor of the Taiwan
Neutron Science Society.

19Battogtokh Jugdersuren
Dr. Battogtokh Jugdersuren is a research scientist at the US Naval ResearchLaboratory in Washington, D.C., through Jacobs Engineering Group. He earned his
Ph.D. in Physics from The Catholic University of America, Washington D.C., in2009 and completed postdoctoral research at the Vitreous State Laboratory in D.C.
from 2009 to 2010, under a US Department of Energy project. In 2010, Dr.
Jugdersuren was awarded the US National Academies Research Fellowship at the
US Naval Research Laboratory. Since 2013, he has been a research scientist at
Jacobs Engineering Group in Hanover, Maryland. His research focuses on (1) phonon transport andthermoelectricity, including the development of PECVD nanocrystalline silicon thin films with record low
thermal conductivity. (2) He also investigates two-level tunneling systems in amorphous, disorderedsystems, and (3) collaborates on modifying transition metal dichalcogenides to manipulate magnetism, with
Mongolian University of Science and Technology. Dr. Jugdersuren has authored over 40 peer-reviewed
papers and technical reports and holds 8 US patents, with two additional patent applications pending for
approval.

20

Khulan Sergelen
2019 – 2022: Assistant Professor (tenure-track) and2018 – 2019: Postdoctoral researcher at Molecular Biosensing for Medical
Diagnostics (MBx) group, Eindhoven University of Technology, Netherlands
2012 – 2017: PhD joint degree in Bionanotechnology (IGS- BioNanoTech) at the
University of Natural Resources and Life Sciences (BOKU), Vienna and Nanyang
Technological University (NTU), Singapore
2009 – 2012: MSc Molecular Medicine, University of Vienna, Austria
2003 – 2007: BSc Biology (Molecular biology), National University of Mongolia,
Mongolia

21

Session 4 speakers
Takeharu Tsuge
Takeharu Tsuge is a Professor at the Tokyo Institute of Technology. He received his
Doctoral Degree in 2000 from Kyushu University. He joined the RIKEN Instituteas a Special Postdoctoral Researcher in 2000 and the Tokyo Institute of Technology
as an Assistant Professor in 2002. He was promoted to Associate Professor in 2009,
then to Professor in 2024. He received the Encouragement Award (Terui Award)
from the Society for Biotechnology, Japan (2008) and the SPSJ Asahi Kasei Award
from the Society of Polymer Science, Japan (2015). His current research interests
include microbial polyester synthesis and bio-based polymeric materials.

Bolormaa Oyuntsetseg
Dr. Bolormaa received her Ph.D degree in chemistry from Irkutsk State University.
Professor at the Department of Chemistry, at the National University of Mongolia
since 1995 and from 2023, she started to act as a head of the Department ofChemistry, National University of Mongolia. Dr. Bolormaa worked as a UNESCO
visiting researcher and postdoctoral fellow of JSPS at the Tokyo Institute ofTechnology between 2002 and 2009. Her study focuses on the development ofmethods for environmental remediation assessment, chemical metrology, surface
and groundwater chemistry and soil chemistry. She also collaborates with international research groups
from Japan, Korea and Taiwan. She published about 200 research materials and about 150 are research
articles published in domestic and international journals.

Sàpi Andràs
Dr. Sapi Andras is an assistant Professor at University of Szeged, Department ofApplied and Environmental Chemistry. His research are focused on heterogeneous
catalysis and surface science based on size controlled nanoparticles and 3 Dtransient-metal supports as well as understanding the reactions under reaction
conditions. Working together with students is a blessing. His research interests are
CO2 activation and in-situ techniques, Flue Gas Treatment, Size controlled
Nanoparticles & 3D mesoporous oxide supports in Surface Chemical Processes, Battery researches,
Photocatalytic CO2 activation and Water treatment, and Other surface chemistry and material science.

22

Wei Hu
Wei Hu, Professor, Fudan University & Inner Mongolia University. Email:huw@fudan.edu.cn. Dr. Hu received her Ph.D degree in Pathogen Biology from
Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention. She served for National
Institute of Parasitic Diseases, Chinese Center for Diseases Control and Prevention
from 1996 to 2012; then she became a professor at the department of Microbiology
and Immunology in Fudan University from 2012 to now; and from 2020, she started
to act as the dean of the School of Life Sciences, Inner Mongolia University. She isinterested to understand the invasion, infection and development mechanisms ofschistosome, as well as its adaption evolution and genetic variations. Current work in her lab focuses on
the developmental biology of schistosome and its interactions with host. In recent years, she has publisheda number of important papers in journals like Nature Communications, Cell Reports and PLoS Pathogens
in these areas. She is an associate editor of Chinese Journal of Parasitology and Parasitic Diseases and theeditor of Parasitology.

Bayar Hexig
Dr. HEXIG BAYAR, received his Ph. D degree in Biomolecular Engeenering
Science from Tokyo Institute of Technology. M. Sc. degree in Biological &Chemical Engineering, Gunma University, Japan. B.Sc. in Physics, Inner Mongolia
Normal University, China. From 2005 to 2007, He worked as Postdoctoral
Researcher, Division of Medical Devices, National Institute of Health Science,
Japan (Jointed to Health and Labor Sciences Grants for Research on Advanced
Medical Technology and Risk Analysis on Foods and Pharmaceuticals by Ministryof Health, Labor and Welfare, Japan). From 2007 to 2012 Assistant professor, Graduate School of
Bioscience and Biotechnology & Frontier Research Center, Tokyo Institute of Technology, Japan;(Evolving Education and Research Center for Spatio-Temporal Biological Network). From 2012-present,
Dr HEXIG BAYAR, as a full Professor work in State Key Laboratory of Reproductive Regulation andBreeding of Grassland Livestock, School of Life Science, Inner Mongolia University, P. R. China.

Nandin-Erdene Mandakhbayar
Nandin-Erdene Mandakhbayar is a dedicated and ambitious bachelor's student
pursuing advanced studies in Biochemistry at the Mongolian National University of
Medical Sciences. She has embarked on a journey to expand fundamental andexperimental biochemistry. She followed her undergraduate degree in Dentistrywith distinction, earning accolades for her education achievements and subsidies to
medical and research ambitions. During her undergraduate, she demonstrated
excellent analytical skills, communicating with people and problem-solving skills,
earning her the respect of her peers and dreams. Nandin-Erdene Mandakhbayar
launched her Master and PhD journey focusing on biochemistry engineering andtissue engineering. Under the guidance of her honourable advisors, she has been engaged in cutting-edge

23research to address some of the most pressing questions about recombinant proteins and tissue engineering.
During her graduate and post-graduate, she challenged and questioned her skills in Nano and Bioactive
biomaterials, in vivo modelling, and disease modelling with her great team members. Outside of her
academic pursuits, she has collaborated with many teams and knowledge exchange within the scientificcommunity. She is enthusiastic to engage with fellow researchers, exchange ideas, and contribute to thecollective advancement of scientific understanding.

24Plenary talk session
Enhancing solar cells and catalysts using novel nanomaterials
Joe Shapter
Australian Institute for Bioengineering and Nanotechnology, University of Queensland

One of the most important issues facing society is the ability to supply the world’s energy
requirements via both environmentally responsible and sustainable means. Renewable energy, andin particular solar energy, has the potential to address current issues in energy production but costs,
both in terms of the energy required for production and final price to the consumer, as well
flexibility in terms of system deployment are problems that will need to be addressed. Reducing
the environmental footprint in various chemical processes is also very important. This talk will
focus on work using nanomaterials to make new architectures for solar cells or new generation
nonmetallic catalysts. Several possible structures including heteroatom doping will be explored
and the disadvantages and advantages of each will be examined.

25

Spontaneous orientation polarization of amorphous organic films and theirapplications to devices
Hisao Ishii1, Masahiro Ohara1 and Yuya Tanaka2
1

2

Center for Frontier Science, Chiba University
Graduate School of Science and Technology, Gunma University

Amorphous films of organic semiconductors have been applied to various types ofelectronic devices such as organic light emitting diodes (OLEs). The control of molecularorientation in devices is a key factor to improve device performance. Here we focus on molecularorientation of OLED materials. Most OLED materials have molecular structure with lower
symmetry for realizing uniform amorphous film. So their molecular structure often has permanentelectric dipole moment (PDM). When these polar molecules are deposited by vacuum vapor
deposition, spontaneous orientation polarization (SOP) of their PDM often occurs [1]. SOP iscommon in the evaporated films of many organic semiconducting molecules with a permanent
dipole moment, but the mechanism of SOP formation is still open question. A significant electricfield is formed in the film due to SOP. Consequently, the properties of OLEDs incorporating such
films are influenced. The polarization charge appearing at hetero-interfaces dominates the charge
injection and accumulation properties. Moreover, SOP correlates with device degradation.
Recently, these polarized films can be used as electret for vibrational energy generators [2]. In thispresentation, we will report on our recent research on SOP. Topics are as follows.
1) How we can control the orientation order and polarity by changing evaporation conditions
and additional perturbation like light illumination?: The higher deposition rate was found to
give higher SOP for Alq3 and TPBi [3]. Simultaneous UV light illumination during thedeposition was found to increase SOP for TPBi [4].
2) Effect of interval time during evaporation: Recently we have proposed a novel method, referred
to as “intermittent deposition”, in which the polarization direction and magnitude are controlled
by introducing intervals during physical vapor deposition [5]. The rotary Kelvin probe
measurement of the Alq3 and TPBi films clearly showed a time-dependent decrease in the surface
potential owing to the surface relaxation of the molecular orientation immediately after deposition.
Through a series of intermittent depositions, in which the deposition shutter is repeatedly opened
and closed at certain intervals, a relaxed surface layer was built up, and we could control thepolarization magnitude.
3) Whether wet process deposition induce SOP or not: By using automatic measurement system
of Rotary Kelvin probe method during the film deposition, we have tried to investigate whether
26

SOP can occur even for wet process deposition in which complete random orientation is
expected.[6]The above results on SOP are useful to control and improve organic electronic devices
and vibration generator etc. They are also hints to solve the mysterious mechanism of SOP
formation.
[1] Y. Noguchi et al., Jpn. J. Appl. Phys. 58 (2019) SF0801 (progress review),[2] Y. Tanaka et al., Scientific Reports 10 (2020) 6648.
[3] N. Matsuura et al., Technical Digest Manuscript of PowerMEMS 1, 2019.
[4] Y. Tanaka et al., IEICE Trans. Electron. E104.C, 176 (2021).
[5] M. Ohara et al., ACS Appl. Mater. Interfaces15, 49, 57427 (2023).
[6] M. Ohara et al., Physica Status Solidi, 9 (a), 218 (2021) 2000790.

27

Towards quantum computing with spins on surfaces
A.J. Heinrich1,2
1Center for Quantum Nanoscience, Institute for Basic Science (IBS), Seoul 03760, Republic ofKorea.
2
Department of Physics, Ewha Womans University, Seoul 03760, Republic of Korea.
e-mail: heinrich.andreas@qns.science

There is a strong international research effort in the area of quantum information science.
Here, the concepts of quantum coherence, superposition and entanglement of quantum states are
exploited. These concepts were originally shown with photons as well as atoms and ions in vacuum
traps. Over the past two decades, many advances at studying such quantum coherence in solidstate and molecular architectures have evolved [1].
In this talk we will focus on quantum-coherent experiments in Scanning Tunneling Microscopy(STM). STM enables the study of surfaces with atomic-scale spatial resolution and offers theability to study individual atoms and molecules on surfaces. To study qubits with STM, we recently
learned how to combine STM with electron spin resonance [2,3]. Spin resonance gives us themeans to quantum-coherently control an individual atomic or molecular spin on a surface. Using
short pulses of microwave radiation further enables us to perform qubit rotations and learn about
the quantum coherence times of our spins [4]. Finally, we will demonstrate multi-qubit operations
with spins on surfaces and discuss their performance measures [5]. Future directions for
improvements will wrap up the talk.
[1] Andreas J. Heinrich, William D. Oliver, Lieven M. K. Vandersypen, Arzhang Ardavan, Roberta
Sessoli, Daniel Loss, Ania Bleszynski Jayich, Joaquin Fernandez-Rossier, Arne Laucht, Andrea Morello,“Quantum-coherent nanoscience”, Nature Nanotechnology, 16, 1318-1329 (2021).
[2] Susanne Baumann, William Paul, Taeyoung Choi, Christopher P. Lutz, Arzhang Ardavan, Andreas J.
Heinrich, “Electron Paramagnetic Resonance of Individual Atoms on a Surface”, Science 350, 417(2015).
[3] Yi Chen, Yujeong Bae, Andreas Heinrich, “Harnessing the Quantum Behavior of Spins on Surfaces”,
Advanced Materials 2023, 2107534 (2022).
[4] Kai Yang, William Paul, Soo-Hyon Phark, Philip Willke, Yujeong Bae, Taeyoung Choi, Taner Esat,
Arzhang Ardavan, Andreas J. Heinrich, and Christopher P. Lutz, “Coherent spin manipulation ofindividual atoms on a surface”, Science 366, 509 (2019).

28

[5] Yu Wang, Yi Chen, Hong T. Bui, Christoph Wolf, Masahiro Haze, Cristina Mier, Jinkyung Kim,
Deung-Jang Choi, Christopher P. Lutz, Yujeong Bae, Soo-hyon Phark, Andreas J. Heinrich, Science 382,
87 (2023).

Support from Institute for Basic Science (IBS-R027-D1) is gratefully acknowledged.

29

Molecular spin qubits toward quantum computer and high-density memry
devices based on molecular magnets

Masahiro Yamashita
Tohoku University, Sendai 980-8578, Japanmasahiro.yamashita.c5@tohoku.ac.jp

Spintronics, based on the freedoms of charge andspin of the electron, is a key technology in the 21 st
century. Magnetic random access memory (MRAM),
which uses giant magnetoresistance (GMR), has
several advantages compared with electronics.
Although conventional magnets composed oftransition metals are normally used, in our study, we
use single-molecule magnets (SMMs) to overcome “Moore`s Limitation”. SMMs are also available forquantum computer. I will talk about the molecularspin qubits for quantum computer as well as highdensity memory devices such as single-molecule
memory device, SMMs encapsulated into SWCNT,
and metallic conducting SMMs with negative
magnetoresistances.
As for molecular spin qubits for quantum
computer, we must increase T1 (spin-lattice relaxationtime) and T2 (spin-spin relaxation time). Therefore,
we will focus on the following three strategies:(1)Crystal Engineering Method; To compare 0D [VO(TPP)] and 3D [VO(TCPP-Zn2-bpy)] (3DMOF) to investigate the influence of the spin-lattice relaxation (T1) in 0D and 3D lattices. Due tothe rigid lattice of 3D-MOF, the Rabi nutation was observed even at room temperature (Fig.1). (2)g-Tensor Engineering Method; To compare [VO(TPP) and [CrN(TPP)] to investigate thecontribution of the anisotropy of their g-values for the spin relaxation. Due to the large anisotropyof g-values, [CrN(TPP)] shows the short life time. (3) Orbital Engineering Method; To compare[Ni(cyclam)X2]ClO4 and TBA[Ni(mnt)2] to investigate the relationship between the different
occupied orbitals and spin relaxation. [Ni(cyclam)X2]ClO4 has the longer life time due to the rigid
molecular structure.
As for the single molecule memory, we have used STM and STS for TbPc 2 SMM. By using
tunnelling magnetoresistance, we have realized the single memory effect of up-spin and downspin on TbPc2. As for the negative magnetoresistances for high-density memory devices, we have30synthesized (BEDO-TTF)3[Co(pmdt)2] (BO3) and (BEDO-TTF)4[Co(pmdt)2] (BO4). BO3 show
the metallic behavior around room temperature and M-I transition around 12K. Moreover, BO3
shows the negative magnetoresistance for the first time by the interaction between conducting
electron and SMMs. We have succeeded the encapsulation of DySc 2N@C80 SMMs into SingleWalled Carbon Nanotubes (SWCNTs). After encapsulation, the coercivity increase by one orderby suppression of the quantum tunnelling.

31Session 1: Next-Generation advanced materials:
Fundamentals & Applications
Fundamental processes in photofunctional materials studied by ultrafast
spectroscopy
Ken Onda
Department of Chemistry, Kyushu University, Nishi-ku, Fukuoka, 819-0373 Japan

Photofunctional materials are the materials that exhibit useful functions via a change in
optical, electrical, or chemical properties by photoirradiation. To develop new photofunctional
materials, it is necessary to know the fundamental processes in the materials induced byphotoirradiation. It is, however, difficult to attain this because the processes span in a wide
temporal range from femtoseconds to milliseconds and in a wide energy range from meV to eV.
Thus, we have developed time-resolved analytical methods applicable to such photofunctional
materials using ultrashort pulse lasers, and revealed many important processes in photo-functional
materials (Fig. 1). In this talk, we focus on our two recent topics: CO2 photoreduction processes
in artificial photo-synthesis [1,2] and luminescent processes in organic light emitting diode(OLED) [4-6].
Artificial photosynthesis mimics natural photo-synthesis and produces high energy
materials from CO2 and H2O using sunlight energy. It is really challenging to analyze thefundamental processes due to their muti-electron and multi-step processes. We have developed
time-resolved infrared vibrational spectroscopy (TR-IR), which has high selectivity for chemical
species and high temporal resolution, and elucidated many essential processes such as the electrontransfer mechanism between a photosensitizer and a catalyst [1] and photocarrier dynamics in the
hybrid systems of semiconductor and metal complex [2].
OLEDs are still under development for improving their cost, durability, and environmental
load. To achieve these, the processes in the electronically excited states in the devices must be
known. We have explored the fundamental emission processes related to OLED using transientabsorption and time-resolved luminescent spectroscopies in a wide temporal and energy ranges.
To date we revealed the role of structural change in spin-flip processes in a solution and a thin film
[3] and the detailed intermolecular energy transfer mechanism in host-guest films [4].
[1] K. Kamogawa, et al. Chem. Sci. 12, 9682 (2021).
[2] S. Sato, et al. Chem. Eur. J. 27, 1127 (2021).

32

[3] M. Saigo, et al. J. Phys. Chem. Lett. 10, 2475 (2019).
[4] S. Miyazaki, et al. Chem. Sci. 14, 6867 (2023)

Fig. 1. Fundamental processes we revealed in various photofunctional materials.

33

Towards nanomagnetic materials design and characterization*
Odkhuu Dorj
Department of Physics, Incheon National University, Incheon 22012, South Korea

Magnetic materials are important components in many applications today. In particular,
permanent magnets are vital for energy conversion and storage sectors, while 2D magnetism is
expected desirable in spintronics.
Since Nd2Fe14B permanent magnet was developed in 1982, a permanent magnet with higher
performance has not been reported yet. Ever since, search for permanent magnet materials that do
not contain rare-earth elements, but compatible to ferrites in price, is underway.
In the first half of this talk, we will briefly review the properties that make a material good
permanent magnet, including saturation magnetization, magnetocrystalline anisotropy, maximum
energy density product, Curie temperature, and thermodynamic stability, and then discuss on ourrecent approaches to designing and characterizing permanent magnets free or reduced content of
rare-earth elements, namely SmFe12, Fe2P, FeNi based alloys, while retaining a comparable
performance with Nd2Fe14B.
In the second half, with our comprehensive theoretical and experimental results we willemphasize towards the possibility of achieving room-temperature ferromagnetism in 2D MoSe2
versus WSe2 by simply manipulating vacancy defects. In order to consider 2D magnet morepractical and more robust ferromagnetism, other promising efforts explored thus far, that are,various doping impurities (i.e., Fe, Co, Sm, and Nd), strain effect, or applying an electric field,
will also be discussed.
*

The research is funded by the Office of Naval Research and the Office of Naval Research Globalof the US Department of Defense Grants N62909-22-1-2045 and N62909-23-1-2035.

34

Synthesis and optimization of Fe3O4 nanoparticles for hyperthermia
application
Chao-Ming Fu1,2, Hong-Yi Lin1, Chun-Ting Ho1, Liang-Chao Chang1, Ying-Chang Liu1

1

Department of Physics, National Taiwan University,
2
Fo Guang University, Taiwan, R.O.C.
Corresponding Author: Chao-Ming Fu

Magnetic nanoparticles of Fe3O4, exhibiting superparamagnetic characteristics, are pivotal in therealm of biomedical applications. This research delineates the synthesis of Fe3O4 magnetic
nanoparticles via the co-precipitation technique, followed by their exposure to an alternating
current (AC) magnetic field to assess their potential in hyperthermia treatments. The efficiencyof heat absorption, quantified by the Specific Absorption Rate (SAR), is a critical factor
influenced by the synthesis process parameters. The study utilizes an orthogonal experimental
design to systematically explore and optimize these parameters, aiming to enhance the SAR for
effective hyperthermia. The findings, which provide insights into the influence of processparameters on the heating efficacy of Fe3O4 nanoparticles under an AC magnetic field, will be
expounded upon in the ensuing report.

35

Processing of carbonaceous residue from waste tyre pyrolysis plants for the
production of high-quality carbon and its potential uses
Tak H. Kim 1
1

Queensland Micro- and Nanotechnology Centre & School of Environment and Science,
Griffith University, Nathan QLD 4111 Australia.

Pyrolysis of tyres produces fuel oil and recyclable steel, representing a renewable energy
technology that directly reduces the associated risks of stockpiled waste tyres. Thus, pyrolysis is
one of the economically feasible solutions for addressing the stockpiling of waste tyres. Despite
the unmet and urgent demand from the industry, most of the research has focused exclusively on
processes for fuel oil extraction[1] and dedicated carbon production.[2] Subsequently, commercial
activities have focused on the recovery of fuel and steel. Unfortunately, the pyrolysis processinevitably produces a secondary carbonaceous waste, known as low-quality tyre char, containing
not only carbonaceous residues but also toxic by- products. Consequently, tyre char is not suitablefor other uses or landfilling.[3] The tyre char is therefore stockpiled, adding further environmental
concerns to an already overburdened environment.
To address the issues arising from tyre char, we demonstrated that tyre char can be further
processed to improve the quality of the carbon. At each stage of processing, changes in the tyrechar were evident, including a reduction in mass and changes in morphology. Subsequent
investigation using inductively coupled plasma optical emission analysis revealed alterations in
the overall composition of heavy metals, while X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy indicated shifts
in surface elemental composition and bonding characteristics. The heavy metal analysis indicatedthat concentrations of lead, cadmium, mercury, arsenic, and zinc in the processed tyre char fell
below the guidelines set by the International Biochar Initiative.[4] Surface analysis further
confirmed morphological changes during the processes, with noticeable shifts in elemental
composition and an increase in π-π interactions as the process stage progressed. These results
indicated that the processed tyre char may have the potential to be applied to environmental
remediation and energy applications, replacing conventional activated carbon and graphite.
[1] G. Zhang, F. Chen, Y. Zhang, L. Zhao, J. Chen, L. Cao, J. Gao and C. Xu, Fuel Process. Technol.,211, 106582 (2021).

36

[2] N. Gao, F. Wang, C. Quan, L. Santamaria, G. Lopez and P. T. Williams, Prog. Energy Combust. Sci.,
93, 101022 (2022).
[3] J. D. Martínez, N. Puy, R. Murillo, T. García, M. V. Navarro and A. M. Mastral, Renew. Sustain.
Energy Rev., 23, 179–213 (2013).
[4] C. Ang and J. Sparkes, Environmental Guidelines, Sydney, Australia, 2000.

37

From waste to nanomaterials: synthesizing mesoporous silica from briquettecoal ash for advanced applications
Ochirkhuyag Altantuya1,2, Tserenpil Otgonjargal1, Tuuguu Enkhdul1, Lhuvsandagva
Mandakhsaikhan2, Rentsennorov Ulambayar2, Gendenjamts Oyun-Erdene2
1National University of Mongolia, School of Engineering Technology, Department ofEnvironment and Forestry Engineering
2
Mongolian Academy of Sciences, Institute of Chemistry and Chemical Thechnology,
Ulaanbaatar, 13330*Corresponding author: altantuya_o@mas.ac.mn

Ulaanbaatar, the capital city of Mongolia, heavily depends on briquette coal as a source ofheating, leading to the production of 2-3 million tons of coal ash every year from around 220,000
households. The study aims to repurpose a substantial amount of waste ash for the synthesis ofmesoporous silica nanoparticles (MSNPs).
The briquette coal ash primarily consists of SiO2 (69%) and demonstrates its potential as araw material for silica nanoparticles (SNPs). SNPs were synthesized and characterized after
undergoing thermal treatment at a temperature of 900 ºC, followed by chemical processing. The
surfactant-free synthesized silica nanoparticles (SNPs) possess a surface area of 115 m2/g and a
microporous structure with a diameter of 1 nm. Consequently, they exhibit a mere 2% adsorption
capacity for methylene blue dye (MB) at a concentration of 50 mg/l over a duration of 80 minutes.
On the other hand, SNPs produced using cetyltrimethylammonium bromide (CTAB) have asurface area of 317 m2/g and a pore diameter of 7.8 nm, resulting in an 83% capacity to adsorb
MB. The SNPs, which are synthesized using polyethylene glycol (PEG), have a surface area of
121 m2/g and a pore diameter of 8.1 nm. As a result, they exhibit a lower adsorption capacity for
MB, with only 12% of MB being adsorbed. This emphasizes the significance of choosing theappropriate surfactant to create mesoporous structures and improve the properties of SNP.
In addition, incorporating SNPs into briquette coal ash significantly enhances the densityof construction foam blocks, increasing it from 876 kg/m3 to 943 kg/m3. This demonstrates thepromising potential of utilizing ash in construction materials. This study highlights the significanceof utilizing briquette coal ash for sustainable MSNP production, providing prospects forenvironmental remediation and enhanced construction material quality.
Keyword: mesoporous silica nanoparticle, briquette coal ash, methylene blue, foam block38

Session 2: Emerging functional materials & devices
Sustainable futuristic healthy society realized through AI-assisted
personalized healthcare
To consider BIOMATERIALS & BIOMEDICAL MATERIALS required by society in the future
Nobuhiro Hayashi
School of Life Science and Technology, Tokyo Institute of Technology

The life sciences have experienced several paradigm shifts in the past, including the discoveryof the cell and the rise of molecular biology with the discovery of DNA as a gene. With the recent
breakthrough in AI capabilities, the life sciences are now at another turning point. The speaker andcolleagues have been working on the generalization of proteomics, a method for comprehensive
analysis of the health status of living organisms. Its potential is expanding from cutting-edge
researches and clinical studies to daily health care [1,2]. We have recently succeeded in using AI
to decipher images (proteomic data) containing comprehensive information about living organisms[3]. After this technology in society will be implemented in society, by using machine learningwith records of daily life, such as what people eat, what they do, and what happens to them, as
teacher data, it is now possible to prepare an AI that will work with each individual to figure out
what they should eat and how they should live that day in order to become the person they eachwant to be. To achieve this, it is essential to develop the data acquisition devices as well as open
innovation through data sharing based on the understanding of stakeholders (citizens, companies,
and government).
This presentation will explain how we can create an AI that will partner with us in our daily
lives, including food, and present several activities for achieving this goal. In the future society
presented here, people will be able to ask their AI partner about their own health status andperformance anytime they want. To realize such a future, it is necessary to develop materials fordevices that enable comprehensive health checkups to be performed at hand at any time. On theother hand, such a future requires new materials for the development of devices that allow people
to control their own health and performance in their daily lives. Furthermore, it will be desirable
to switch the materials of existing products to materials that can contribute to the individual's daily
health management and performance control.
I hope that this presentation will provide an opportunity for consideration of the invention of
new functional materials.
[1] SY.Wong,F.Rodenburg, S.Kato, A.Tojo, N.Hayashi, Sci Rep 12, 14002 (2022).
[2] K.Tanabe, K.Kamemoto, Y.Kawaguchi, K.Fushimi, SY.Wong, N.Ikegami, M.Sakamaki‑Sunaga,
N.Hayashi, Sci Rep 14, 4188 (2024).
[3] N.Hayashi, Y.Sawada, K.Ujimoto, S.Yamaguchi, Y.Sato, T.Miki, T.Nakada, T.Iba, Applied Sciences
11,1967 (2021).

39

40

Engineering two-dimensional (2D) materials for energy applications
Purevlkham Myagmarsereejid,1 Abdulaziz S. R. Bati,2 Selengesuren Suragtkhuu,1Solongo Purevdorj,1 Abraham Adenle,1 Munkhjargal Bat-Erdene,1,3 Suvdanchimeg
Sunderiya,4 Sarangerel Davaasambuu,4 Yu Lin Zhong,1 Joseph G. Shapter,3 andMunkhbayar Batmunkh*1
1

Queensland Micro- and Nanotechnology Centre, School of Environment and Science,
Griffith University Nathan, Brisbane, QLD, 4111, Australia Department of Chemistry,
Northwestern University, Evanston, IL 60208, USA
3
Australian Institute for Bioengineering and Nanotechnology, The University of Queensland,
4
Brisbane, Queensland 4072, Australia Department of Chemistry, Division of Natural Sciences,
School of Arts and Sciences, National University of Mongolia, Ulaanbaatar 14200, Mongolia
Email: m.batmunkh@griffith.edu.au; Tel: (+61) 0414 602 319
2Organic/inorganic metal halide perovskites attract substantial attention as key materials fornext-generation photovoltaic technologies due to their potential for low cost, high performance,and solution processability. Despite their great promises, perovskite solar cells do have somedisadvantages such as use of expensive electrode materials, the high temperature required during
production and poor operational stabilities. Two-dimensional (2D) layered nanomaterials such as
black phosphorus and metal carbide MXene have shown great promise for use in a wide range ofenergy related applications including perovskite solar cells. The high degree of tunability in theproperties of these unique nanomaterials offers an abundance of opportunities for next generation
solar cells. In this talk, Dr Batmunkh will present the recent contributions he and his colleagues
made to this cutting-edge research area and also highlight the future promises in this area.

41

Highly deformable smart device for healthcare and medical application
Hiroki Ota
Yokohama National University

With the development of IoT (internet of things), various smart devices have been proposed.
In particular, the development of smart devices for healthcare and medicine, mainly wearable
devices, has been focused. In our laboratory, we develop highly deformable electrodes based on
flexible and stretchable materials. Flexible and stretchable electrodes are highly deformable andlightweight, which can significantly reduce the physical load and enable acquisition of biologicalsignals with high signal-to-noise ratio. It is possible to measure body temperature,electrocardiogram, electroencephalogram, SpO2, etc. with high stability. However, research is still
limited to the electrodes themselves and electronic components. Research on smart devices with aview to social implementation and the realization of killer applications are required in the current
flexible and stretchable electronics.
Smart devices using flexible electrodes and flexible substrates are gradually used in society,including smartphones. On the other hands, it is difficult to say that social implementation ofhealthcare and medical devices, which are expected to demonstrate the significant advantages ofdeformability, has progressed. In the future, stretchable devices using stretchable electrodes, which
are made of even more flexible materials, are expected to be introduced to society as nextgeneration electronic devices. In this presentation, we report on the flexible smart devices that are
being developed in our laboratory for social implementation in healthcare and medical applications,and also report on stretchable devices, which are expected to be the next generation of smart
devices, from development of electronic elements to systemization.

42

Stochastic electrochemistry: a powerful emerging analytical tool for real time
characterization
Sina Jamali
School of Environment and Science, Queensland Micro- and Nanotechnology Centre, Griffith
University, Australia.

Stochastic electrochemical measurement has come of age as a powerful analytical tool incorrosion science, and recently gaining momentum in electrophysiology and single-entity
electrochemistry. The technique relies on the fundamental trait that most electrochemical
processes are stochastic and discrete in nature. Stochastic measurement of a single entity probes
the charge transfer from a few or even one electroactive species and employs strategies for signal
amplification and analysis 1,2. In corrosion science, the stochastic measurements capture either the
average amplitude/frequency of many redox events that take place spontaneously andindependently or they probe discrete transients signifying localized dissolution 3,4.
The methodology of stochastic measurements varies in corrosion, single-entity sensing,batteries and electrophysiology, yet they share the aspect that the main quantifiable values in thedata are frequency and amplitude of events5. Herein, we introduce a new application where theformation of a biofouling layer is quantified using stochastic electrochemistry6. This is showcasedon gold as the electrode of the choice, and albumin as the biofouling agent. The technique uniquely
affords thermodynamic and kinetic information without applying an external bias (potential and/or
current) hence allowing the system to be appraised in its innate state. The technique relies on theanalysis of non-Faradaic current and potential fluctuations that are intrinsically generated by theinteraction of charged species at the electrode surface. We will lay theoretical foundations for theparameters extracted from the stochastic data and how they relate to physical aspects of the systembeing studied. We will then use experimental data and complementary techniques to validate ourfindings. Adsorption of a fouling layer on the surface of sensors decreases the electrochemical
activity and hence shortens the service life of sensors. Real time quantification of the loss ofactivity is important for in situ assessment of performance while presenting an opportunity tocompensate for the loss of activity and recalibrate the sensor to extend the service life.
[1] Ren, H. & Edwards, M. A. Stochasticity in single-entity electrochemistry. Curr Opin Electrochem 25,
100632 (2021).
[2] Singh, P. S. & Lemay, S. G. Stochastic Processes in Electrochemistry. Anal Chem 88, 5017–5027(2016).

43

[3] Jamali, S. S. & Mills, D. J. A critical review on electrochemical noise measurement as a tool forevaluation of organic coatings. Prog Org Coat 95, 13–17 (2016).
[4] Cottis, R. A., Al-Awadhi, M. A. A., Al-Mazeedi, H. & Turgoose, S. Measures for the detection of
localized corrosion with electrochemical noise. Electrochim. Acta 46, 3665–3674 (2001).
[5] Jamali, S. S., Wu, Y., Homborg, A. M., Lemay, S. G. & Gooding, J. J. Interpretation of stochastic
electrochemical data. Curr Opin Electrochem vol. 46 Preprint at https://doi.org/10.1016/j.coelec.2024.101505(2024).
[6] Jamali, S. S., Somerville, S. V., Dief, E. M. & Gooding, J. J. Stochastic Electrochemical Measurementof a Biofouling Layer on Gold. Anal Chem (2024) doi:10.1021/acs.analchem.3c04868.

44Electrochemical engineering and direct ink writing 3D printing: cost-effective
production of 2D nanomaterials and their bespoke assemblies
Yu Lin Zhong 1
1

School of Environment and Science, Queensland Micro- and Nanotechnology Centre,
Griffith University, Australia.

Electrochemical engineering is a powerful technique that has been applied on industrial
scale to cost-effectively produce valuable chemicals and materials that are otherwise difficult to
produce via traditional chemical synthesis (i.e. utilising heat or catalysts). As such, it is a highly
viable method to overcome the bottleneck in the commercialisation of novel 2D nanomaterials(production cost) and enabling them, through in situ modifications, for their niche application inflexible and energy-related devices.[1] We have employed a combination of highly robust borondoped diamond (BDD) with a wide electrochemical potential window and commercially available
fused deposition modelling (FDM) 3D printing to fabricate a scalable packed-bed electrochemical
reactor (PBER) for GO production.[2] In our recent work, the niche feature of two‐dimensional
carbides and nitrides of transition metals (MXenes) was capitalised in our packed ‐ bedelectrochemical reactor to produce MXenes at an unprecedented reaction rate and yield withminimal chemical waste.[3] A simple NH4F solution was employed as the green electrolyte, which
could be used repeatedly without any loss in its efficacy.
Regarding bespoke assembly, we have demonstrated a new effective formulation for 3D
printing of conductive PDMS/graphene ink by using an emulsion method to form a uniform
dispersion of PDMS nanobeads, EGO and PDMS precursor binder.[4] Due to the unique hybrid
structure of PDMS and EGO sheet, the 3D printed EGO/PDMS nanocomposite possesses high,linear and reproducible sensitivity that is suitable for application as skin-attachable wearable healthmonitoring device. To power the wearable devices, we have introduced a highly printable MXene
ink that was prepared by incorporating a surfactant (C12E9) into the MXene hydrogel.[5] The
incorporation of C12E9 offers amphiphilicity to the MXene flakes and produces a 3D interlinked
network of the MXene flakes. The formulated nanocomposite ink facilitates the alignment of the
MXene flakes during extrusion as well as the formation of the aligned micro- and sub-microsizedporous structures, leading to the improved electrochemical performance of the printed
microsupercapacitor.

45

[1] Scalable Spray Drying Production of Amorphous V2O5–EGO 2D Heterostructured Xerogels for
High‐Rate and High‐Capacity Aqueous Zinc Ion Batteries. Small 18, 2105761 (2022).
[2] Scalable Production of Graphene Oxide Using a 3D-Printed Packed-Bed Electrochemical Reactor
with a Boron-Doped Diamond Electrode. ACS Appl. Nano Mater. 2, 867–878 (2019).
[3] Green and Scalable Electrochemical Routes for Cost‐Effective Mass Production of MXenes forSupercapacitor Electrodes. Carbon Energy 5, e295 (2023).
[4] A Versatile PDMS Submicrobead/Graphene Oxide Nanocomposite Ink for the Direct Ink Writing of
Wearable Micron-Scale Tactile Sensors. Appl. Mater. Today 16, 482 (2019).
[5] Cytomembrane-Inspired MXene Ink with Amphiphilic Surfactant for 3D Printed
Microsupercapacitors. ACS Nano 16, 14723 (2022).

46

Flame deposition technology for high purity fused silica generation
Oleg Penyazkov
A.V.Luikov Heat and MassTransfer Institute

Fused silica glass is manufacturing from pure liquid precursor compounds, thereby
minimizing impurities and maximizing refractive index homogeneity, transparency range, lowthermal expansion, and resistance to optical damage. That is why this synthetic glass are using as
an optical material for deep UV lens elements, which are using for photolithography. This report
describes our studies in developing flame deposition technology for high purity fused silica
formation during OMCTS/CH4/O2 combustion process. Different aspects of the technology andfused silica glass characterization is considered.

47

Application of magnetic nanoparticles in cancer therapy
Wei Zhang*, Renpeng Yang, Chao Wang, Guanlin Zhou
State key laboratory of structural analysis, optimization and CAE software for industrial
equipment, School of mechanics and aerospace engineering, Dalian university of technology,
Dalian, China, *email: wei.zhang@dlut.edu.cn

Magnetic nanoparticles has great promise in cancer therapy and drug delivery. Herein, wedeveloped magnetic nanoparticles with low Curie temperature. When used in magnetic inductionof hyperthermia, those nanoparticles can self-regulate the hyperthermia temperature in 42-46°C
without any temperature controlling system. To improve the therapeutic effects, we investigated
the factors e.g. mechanical properties of cell and particle size on the endocytosis of nanoparticles
by cancerous cells. We also developed magnetic nanoparticle based microspheres for photothermal
therapy of cancer and drug delivery.

48

Structure and properties of hydrogels prepared by coordination bonds
Jungju Ryu1 and Daewon Sohn1
1

Department of Chemistry and Research Institute for Convergence of Basic Science, Hanyang
University, Seoul 04763, Korea

We developed hyaluronic acid (HA) hydrogels by regulating the gelation kinetics of Fe(III)and a catechol cross-linker, including Fe(III)-induced covalent bonding and coordination bonding.
Dual roles of Fe(III) in catechol-modified HA (HA-CA), Fe(III)- catechol coordination, andcatechol oxidation followed by a coupling reaction, were selectively applied for different gelations.
Tetra-poly(ethylene glycol) with catechol end groups (4-PCA) was also crosslinked throughcoordination bonds between catechol moieties and Fe(III) ions, which produce bis-complex andtris-complex depending on pH levels. The structure and property of 4-PCA gels were examined
upon the bonding types controlled by pH levels and molar ratios between catechol groups andFe(III) ions. The coordination bond types were probed by UV absorption peaks and Raman spectra.
The correlation lengths (ξ) were determined in the semi-dilute solution regime and the PCA gel
networks using light scattering, small-angle X-ray scattering, and neutron scattering measurements.
For the gels with bis- complex units, ξ values correspond to the size of a single polymer chain.
Otherwise, they increased in the gels consisting of tris-complex units, indicating that the matrices
have partial crosslinks. The results show structure and property of gels can be controlled bygeometries of crosslinking units as a strategy to develop novel polymer gels.
[1] J. Ryu, S. Kim, I. Oh, S. Kato, T. Kosuge, A. V. Sokolova, J. Lee, H. Otsuka, D. Sohn,
Macromolecules 52 (17), 6502-6513 (2019).

Acknowledgments
National Research Foundation of Korea (NRF): 2020R1A6A1A06046728 and2020R1I1A1A01070293

49

Session 3: Novel trends in nanostructures &nanomaterials: design, characteristics, & applications
To be announced
Sir Konstantin Sergeevich Novoselov

50

Nanoengineered transition metal dichalcogenides platform for quantum
photonics: generation and interference of single photons
A. Paralikis1, C. Piccinini1, P. Metuh1, J. F. Neto1, P. Wyborski1, A. A. Madigawa1,
L. Vannucci1, N. Gregersen1, and B. Munkhbat1*
1

Department of Electrical and Photonics Engineering, Technical University of Denmark,Denmark

Transition metal dichalcogenides (TMDs) have attracted significant attention as a uniqueexcitonic and photonic platform for nano- and quantum photonics. One remarkable feature of
TMDs is their easy exfoliation via the scotch tape, thanks to their van der Waals stacking nature.
This feature opens the door to assembling and stacking various TMD materials to possess newproperties and integrating them into other photonic platforms. Additionally, TMD mono- andbilayers can yield single photons through strain- and defect-engineering, ranging in visible [1] andtelecom [2]. Integrating these TMD quantum emitters with photonic nanostructures and cavities
promises efficient single-photon generation [3-5]. In addition, multilayer TMDs possess
exceptional optical properties, e.g., high index (n ≥ 4) and low loss (k ≤ 10−4) [6], despite their
indirect bandgap. These exceptional optical properties combined with optimized nanostructuring
offer new possibilities to exploit multilayer TMDs in developing novel photonic components [78] for fully integrated quantum photonic circuits.
In the first part of my talk, I will present our recent advancements in fabricating highlypolarized mono- and bilayer TMD single photon emitters through strain engineering [9]. This
technique allows precise control over the polarization of these quantum emitters, a crucial step intheir integration into desired photonic cavities for developing efficient single-photon sources. Ourfabricated quantum emitters not only feature a high degree of single photon purity but also exhibit
narrow zero-phonon lines with visible phonon sidebands [10]. This provides crucial details on the
exciton-phonon coupling of the system and allows us to predict exciton preparation under different
excitation schemes [11]. Moreover, we have explored experimentally various optical excitation
schemes [10], including quasi- and resonant excitations, to understand their impact on single
photon characteristics and the stability of emission lines, especially when compared to above-band
excitation.
In the last part of my talk, I will discuss our ongoing research activities in developing onchip TMD photonic components such as nanobeam cavities, on-chip beam splitters, and51

waveguides, harnessing the unique properties of nanoengineered multilayer TMDs. These novel
photonic components combined with our TMD quantum emitters could be a promising platform
for realizing fully integrated quantum photonic circuits.

[1] Srivastava, A. et al., Nat. Nano., 10(6), 491-496, 2015.
[2] Zhao, H. et al., Nat. Comm., 12(1), 6753, 2021.
[3] Iff, O. et al., Nano lett., 21(11), 4715-4720, 2021.
[4] Errando-Herranz, C. et al., ACS Phot., 8(4), 1069-1076, 2021.
[5] von Helversen, M. et al., 2D Materials, 10(4), 045034, 2023.
[6] Munkhbat, B., et al., ACS Phot., 9(7), 2398-2407, 2022.
[7] Munkhbat, B. et al., Nat. Comm., 11(1), 4604, 2020.
[8] Munkhbat, B. et al., Laser & Phot. Rev., 17(1), 2200057, 2023.
[9] Paralikis, A. et al., arXiv preprint arXiv:2402.11075, 2024.
[10] Piccinini, C. et al., In preparation, 2024.
[11] Vannucci, L. et al., arXiv preprint arXiv:2402.10897, 2024.

52

Water at Biointerfaces
Tomohiro Hayashi1,21School of Materials and Chemical Technology, Tokyo Institute of Technology
2
Everon Technologies, Co Ltd.

In biological systems, water plays an important role in governing intra and inter molecular
processes, which maintain the homeostasis of our lives. In the cases of biointerfaces of artificial
materials and devices with proteins, cells, tissues, etc, the interactions should be precisely
controlled depending on their applications. Here, we discuss the anti-biofouling (bioinert) surfaces
used for surface coatings to prevent blood coagulation and non-specific adsorption and adhesionof proteins and cells. Our surface force measurements revealed that non-fouling surfaces possessa barrier of water preventing the approaches of proteins and cells. Our interface-sensitive
vibrational spectroscopy also unveiled a unique hydrogen bonding state of the interfacial water. In
this presentation, we discuss how interfacial water molecules affect the interactions atbiointerfaces.[1] Furthermore, we also introduce the design of biomaterials using informatics.

[1] “Water at Interfaces: Its Behavior and Roles in Interfacial Phenomena”. T. Hayashi. Chemistry Letters
2021, 50 (6), 1173-1180. 10.1246/cl.210049

53

Spin-triplet superconductivity at LSMO/YBCO interfaces
Hsiung Chou1,2,5,*, S. J. Sun2,1, K.-W. Hsueh1, A. J. Grutter3,
Z.-Q. Su1, L.-T. Chen1, D. Cortie4, T.-Y. Huang5, S.-C. Weng5,
Y. Y. Chin6, H. J. Lin5, J. W. Chiou2,1, Jeffrey W. Lynn3
1

Department of Physics, National Sun Yat-sen University, Kaohsiung, 80424, Taiwan
Department of Applied Physics, National University of Kaohsiung, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
3
NIST Center for Neutron Research, National Institute of Standards and Technology,
Gaithersburg, MD 20899, USA.
4
Australian Nuclear Science and Technology Organization, New South Wales, Australia
5
National Synchrotron Radiation Research Center, Hsinchu, 30076,Taiwan.
6
Department of Physics, National Chung Cheng University, Chiayi, 62102, Taiwan
2

Spin-triplet superconductivity can be generated at superconductor/ferromagnetic interfaces
where both the superconducting proximity effect and the magnetic exchange coupling are mixed,
and exhibits several potential advantageous properties such as enabling a spin-polarized
superconducting current in the ferromagnetic layer, establishing a long-range quantum
entanglement of carriers, and possibly formating Majorana particles. Reorienting induced Cu
moments at the YBa2Cu3O7-δ(YBCO)/ La0.67Sr0.33MnO3(LSMO) interface via a field-coolingprocess enhances the transformation of superconducting pairs into triplet states around theinterface region. These spin-triplet pairs at the parallel state then can exist inside the ferromagnetic
LSMO layers, enhancing their magnetization and modifying their electronic structures. In thispaper, we used Polarized Neutron Reflectivity (PNR) and X-ray Absorption Near Edge Structure(XANES) measurements to investigate these changes in the LSMO layers. We found an averageof 9% enhancement of the magnetization and a 38 meV increase in the O K-edge in the LSMO
layers when spin-triplet pairs emerge in LSMO layers. These findings suggest a very efficient rateof spin-triplet pair generation and the spin-triplet pairs may not be converted from the spin-single
pairs in YBCO layers but are generated in other source of holes for forming spin-triplet pairs dueto the complex magnetic and superconducting proximity effects around the interfaces. These
results provide important insights into the development of triplet pairs in aferromagnetic/superconducting heterostructure and how they engage with the ferromagnetic
electronic structure.

54

PHONON TRANSPORT IN NANOSTRUCTURED MATERIALS.
Battogtokh Jugdersuren
US Naval Research Laboratory in Washington

To address the global energy crisis, it is imperative to tailor the thermal conductivity ofmaterials. Advanced technologies such as thermoelectrics and thermal barrier coatings rely on low
thermal conductivity. This study explores phonon transport in nanostructured materials,
emphasizing fundamental principles and recent advancements. Nanostructured materials—such as
nanowires, nanoparticles, and thin films—exhibit unique characteristics due to interfaces, grainboundaries, and reduced dimensions, altering thermal energy transport mechanisms. Multiple
scattering mechanisms, particularly at grain boundaries, significantly reduce the mean free path ofphonons in these materials compared to bulk materials, thereby leading to lower thermal
conductivity. Recent advances in material fabrication, like plasma-enhanced chemical vapor
deposition, offer considerable control over nanostructure parameters, including size, shape,
composition, and interface characteristics. This capability enables tailored engineering of thermal
properties, promising enhanced energy efficiency and effective thermal management solutions
across various industries.

55

Continuous molecular monitoring: Development of optical biosensors
Khulan Sergelen 1
1

BioMed X Institute, Heidelberg, Germany

The continuous detection of molecular levels are vital in various applications ranging frombasic research, healthcare to environmental monitoring. Particularly in healthcare, conditions
require patient monitoring for early decision making for efficient and life-saving treatments andprocedures, such as therapeutic drug monitoring for narrow therapeutic range drugs [1]. Althoughvarious technologies are developed to face the challenge of drug or biomolecular monitoring, many
fail at stable and sensitive detection in practice, aside from the singular successful technology
called continuous glucose monitoring. The limit of this technology is the utilization of glucose
oxidase to generate detectable electrochemical signal. This cannot be applied to other analytes due
to lack of available enzymes specific to a wide range of molecules [2]. Several electrochemical
biosensors are demonstrated for continuous monitoring applications in healthcare, but lack longterm stability over a few hours [3].
I will present the approach of developing optical technologies to tackle continuous
molecular monitoring challenges from developing reversible detection assay, sensitive opticalreadout mechanisms to tackling stability and biocompatibility for in vivo applications using
biomaterials. These include designing aptamer bioreceptors to tune kinetic ranges suitable forreversible biosensing, as well as application of aptamers to enhance optical signals [4]. Severaltransduction mechanisms based on optical technologies, such as surface plasmon resonance (SPR)
and fluorescence signal enhancement, particle motion and soft polymer materials will be presented[5]. I will present my current research focusing on developing implantable biosensor device for invivo pharmacokinetic measurements for preclinical studies in neuropsychiatric disease treatment.
[1] W. S. Liang et al., Front. Pharmacol. 15, (2024).
[2] D. C. Klonoff et al., Diabetes Res Clin Pract. (2017).
[3] A. Shaver et al., ACS Appl. Mater. Interfaces. 12, (2020). [4] K. Sergelen et al., ACS Sens. 2, (2017).
[5] A. Buskermolen et al., Nat. Comm. 13, (2022).

56

Session 4: Current and future prospects of bio &nanotechnology
The present situation in materials research activity in Mongolia and possible
future directions emphasise utilising natural resources and various wastes.
J.Temuujin 1,*, G. Byambatogtokh 2 and U.Bayarzul 3
1

2

Citi University, Denver street-34, 14190 Ulaanbaatar, Mongolia
School of Education, Mongolian National University of Education, Ulaanbaatar, Mongolia
3Institute of Chemistry and Chemical Technology, Mongolian Academy of Sciences,
Ulaanbaatar 51, Mongolia

In the modern world, a country’s development is determined by its science andtechnological achievements and innovation activity. High-developed countries’ science andtechnological policies focused on high-end products in modern technological development suchas AI, biomedical, chip design, environmental technology, etc. In developing countries, the main
research topics are the supply of raw materials for high-end products, high-purity materials
production, sustainability, etc. In Mongolia, where the main income is generated via mineral
resource exploration, an increase in the income from mineral resources by value addition andreduction of environmental stress through environmentally benign technology is becoming a very
important task. In this paper, we report the latest research results on the value addition of mineralsources such as molybdenite by using mechanochemical technology, using industrial wastes suchas floatation waste of the copper minerals for substitution of the natural sand for mortar production
and ashes of the thermal power stations for preparation of geopolymer type binder preparation.
These results are crucial in our efforts to address the environmental challenges associated withmineral resource exploration in Mongolia, and they reiterate the importance of our work in thecontext of global environmental issues, making it clear that our research is not just about local
solutions, but about contributing to the global efforts in environmental sustainability.
The used raw materials were characterised by various analytical techniques, such as XRD,DTA-TG, SEM, TEM, PSD, BET, and mechanical testing methods.
The alkali activation technique was used for the production of geopolymer materials. For
the binder preparation, fly ash and pond ashes from the various thermal power stations in thecentral region of Mongolia and fluidised bed combustion ash from the Amgalan thermal station
were used. Research revealed that it is better to use fly ash instead of pond ashes for the binder
57

preparation because of the low moisture content and the virgin surface of the original ashes. The
use of floatation waste for mortar preparation should also be limited at a certain value because thechemical reagents used for floatation negatively influence the waste surface's and polymericbinder's binding properties. Mechanochemical reduction of the molybdenite can occur during themilling of the wolframite with the Mg metal. However, the outcomes of the process were sluggish
to consider it an alternative technology to traditional molybdenite processing.

58

Biosynthesis, physical properties, and biodegradability of α-methylated
polyhydroxyalkanoates
Takeharu Tsuge 1
1

Dept. of Materials Science and Engineering,Tokyo Institute of Technology

Petroleum-based plastics have become indispensable in human life, serving a multitude of
purposes. However, their widespread utilization poses significant environmental and healthhazards. Indeed, petroleum-based plastics contribute significantly to greenhouse gas emissions,
including CO2, throughout their manufacturing and processing stages, intensifying the challenges
of global warming and climate instability. Furthermore, their resistance to degradation andchallenges in recycling further exacerbate resource depletion and pollution concerns.
Consequently, there is an urgent need to develop biodegradable renewable alternatives.
Polyhydroxyalkanoate (PHA) is a microbial polyester recognized for its exceptional
biodegradability, which makes it a promising environmentally friendly plastic [1]. The structure
and characteristics of PHA vary according to their monomers, with poly[(R)-3-hydroxybutyrate][P(3HB)] being the most common and basic form. However, P(3HB) faces challenges, such as
high crystallinity and low elasticity, which limit its practical applications. To address theselimitations, various PHA copolymers have been developed by copolymerizing 3HB with othermonomers such as 3-hydroxyvalerate (3HV), 3-hydroxy-4-methylvalerate (3H4MV), and 3hydroxyhexanoate (3HHx). 3HB-based copolymers enhance the overall material properties of
PHA, surpassing the limitations associated with P(3HB) alone. PHAs incorporating α-methylatedmonomers, 3-hydroxy-2-methylbutyrate (3H2MB) [2], 3-hydroxy-2-methylpropionate (3H2MP)[3,4], 3-hydroxypivalate (3HPi) [5], and 3-hydroxy-2-methylvalerate (3H2MV) [6,7], epitomize
pioneering bio-based materials. These monomers confer superior crystallization behavior topolymers and exhibit high thermal stability, rendering them tough.
In the presentation, I will talk about the biosynthesis method of α-methylated PHA, its
physical properties, and biodegradability.
[1] S. I. Hachisuka et al., Appl. Environ. Microbiol. 89, e01488-23 (2023).
[2] S. Furutate et al., NPG Asia Mater. 13, 31 (2021).
[3] M. Mierzati et al., Biomacromolecules 25, 444 (2024).
[4] C. T. Wang et al., Bioengineering 11, 455 (2024).
[5] M. Mierzati et al., Mater. Today Sustain. 24, 100577 (2023).

59

[6] Y. Miyahara et al., Processes 11, 1901 (2023).
[7] Y. Miyahara et al., Biotechnol. Sustainable Mater. in press.

60

Cenococcum geophilum sclerotia: a key biomaterial in diverse environment
Khulan Nyamsanjaa1, Bolormaa Oyuntsetseg2, Makiko Watanabe3,4

1

Botanic Garden and Research Institute, Mongolian Academy of Sciences, Ulaanbaatar, 13330,
Mongolia2
Department of Chemistry, National University of Mongolia
3
Tokyo Metropolitan University, Tokyo 192-0397, Japan
4
Alliance for Research on the Mediterranean and North Africa ARENA,
Tsukuba University, Ibaraki 305-8572, Japan

Cenococcum geophilum is the most common and globally abundant ectomycorrhizal
fungus, which dominates in forests of arctic, temperate, subtropical zones and particularly inextreme environments with abiotically stressful habitats such as high drought stress, phytotoxic
stress, and fire stress. Cg has a unique life cycle forming spherical melanic resistant propagules
called “sclerotia”, with its long-life (>1000 years) to maintain genetic diversity of the fungus andprovide habitat of endophytic bacteria required for natural ecosystem. Cg sclerotia is materiallycharacterized as dominance of sugar chains (Watanabe et al. 2007), key sources of forest soil
polysaccharides (Sugiura and Murayama 2017), pigment with dihydroxyperylenequinone
structure (Kumada and Hurst 1965), and precursors of perylene trapped in lacustrine sediments
and sedimentary rocks (Ito et al. 2012). The biochemical properties of Cg sclerotia that allow themto remain in soil and retain their structure are unclear. Cg sclerotia is a key material to deepen our
knowledge on environmental regeneration and conservation.
In this paper, we focus on metal accumulation in Cg sclerotia in various soil environmentand discuss the function of Cg sclerotia in soil ecosystem. Biotransformation pathways in terms ofsclerotia development stage were pointed out to explain the mechanism of metal accumulation for
Cg sclerotia.

61

Towards a green future with structured catalysts; fluegas treatment and CO 2
activation at near-industrial level
Sàpi Andràs

Billions of dollars are investigated into the information industry. It is less known that asimilar budget is used for planning catalysis and industrial catalytic processes. The increasing
demand for high activity and selectivity products needs new technologies and understanding ofheterogeneous catalysis. The former trial-and-error method can be exchanged with new techniques
using in-situ methods for molecular level understanding under reaction conditions as well as
controlled nanotechnology. These techniques could be exploited in CO2 activation towards e-fuels
to solve energy and climate crises.
In our research, we are focusing on direct hydrogenation of carbon-dioxide with high activity andcontrolled selectivity of C1 as well as C5+ products using designed nanoparticles and supports aswell as interfaces followed by molecular level understanding of the reactions. I will show plentyof results on CO2 activation towards CO and CH4 with high activity and >99% selectivity besideshowing novel catalysts of production of C5+ liquid fuels with tunable selectivity of catalyst
moderation, e.g demonstrated FeZnCeOx catalyst with >99% of C5+ iso-paraffins or tunable jetfuel catalyst from designed Fe-based systems. Beside regular characterization techniques(HRTEM-ED-EDX, SEM-EDX, DRIFTS, XRD, BET, H2-TPR, NH3-TPD etc.) NAP-XPS, insitu RAMAN, XRK as well as DRIFTS techniques helped for molecular level understanding of
the processes for future catalysts design.
Under the umbrella of RRF-2.3.1-21-2022-00009, titled National Laboratory for Renewable
Energy by the Recovery and Resilience Facility of the European Union within the frame- work ofProgramme Széchenyi Plan Plus, we are scaling up Fe-catalyst based C5+ production to 5-10 kg
liquid product/day based on solar power-motored H2 generation. Also, I will speak about our TRL7 level retrofit ceramic supports for flue gas treatment of fireplaces.

62

Identification and functional analysis of key proteases involved in Schistosoma
japonicum cercariae penetration
Bingkuan Zhu 1, Fang Luo 1, Yi Shen 1, Wenbin Yang 1, Chengsong Sun 1, Jipeng Wang 1,
Jian Li 2, Xiaojin Mo 2, Bin Xu 2, Xumin Zhang 1, Wei Hu1,3
1State Key Laboratory of Genetic Engineering, Ministry of Education Key Laboratory for
Biodiversity Science and Ecological Engineering, Ministry of Education Key Laboratory ofContemporary Anthropology, School of Life Science, Fudan University, Shanghai, China.
2
National Institute of Parasitic Diseases, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention,
Key Laboratory of Parasite and Vector Biology of China Ministry of Health, WHO
Collaborating Centre for Tropical Diseases, Joint Research Laboratory of Genetics and Ecology
on Parasite-host Interaction, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention & Fudan
University, Shanghai, China.
3
State Key Laboratory of Reproductive Regulation and Breeding of Grassland livestock, Collegeof Life Sciences, Inner Mongolia University, Hohhot, Inner Mongolia, China

Schistosoma japonicum, a zoonotic parasite with a wide range of mammalian hosts, is oneof the major pathogens of schistosomiasis. Cercaria is the only stage that can infect the mammalianhosts. Proteases secreted by cercariae are specifically adapted to effectively degrade host tissues
to aid penetration and migration of the larvae. In this study, based on RNA-Seq, we first mapped
the detailed transcriptome profiles of four S. japonicum larval stages (eggs, miracidia, sporocysts
and cercariae). By analyzing the stage-specific/enriched genes, we identified functional genes
associated with the biological characteristics at each stage, and found elastase (SjCE2b) andleishmanolysin might contribute to the cercariae invasion. Through the comparative analysis of
miracidium and cercaria, we found that different groups of proteases were highly expressed inthese two stages. Leishmanolysin, neplilysin and tryptase may be involved in the miracidia
invasion, while cathepsin B, elastase and leishmanolysin may be involved in the cercariae invasion.
We used linoleic acid and mouse skin as stimulants to induce cercariae to release their acetabular
glands contents, and identified the protein components by mass spectrometry. Both stimulants can
induce the secretion of SjCE2b by cercariae, but leishmanolysins were only presented in skininduced group. Through the venn diagram anlysis of the proteome and secretome, we identified 9proteins that were highly expressed in cercaria and would be secreted in large quantities during theinvasion process, including elastase (SjCE2b), leishmanolysins (SjLeish-1/2/3), calcium-binding
protein (CaBP) and venom allergen-like proteins (VAL4/5). We focused on three key protease one elastase (SjCE2b), one cathepsin (SjCB2) and one leishmanolysin (SjLeish-1), and studied
their functions during the cercariae invasion process. Our results revealed that SjCE2b plays a63

pivotal role in the S. japonicum penetrating process, and SjCB2 not only can help digesting theskin, but also can cleave immunoglobins and complement proteins, suggesting that it may playother roles in the host-parasite interactions, SjLeish-1 may play important roles in inhibiting thehost’s immune response. This study not only improves the transcript and protein information of
the S. japonicum larval stages, but also deeply explores the molecular mechanisms of S. japonicum
cercariae invasion, and provides many new targets for the development of anti-schistosomiasis
vaccines and drugs.
Key words: Schistosoma japonicum, invading, proteases

64Directed-differentiation of neural stem cells into normal and abnormal
astrocytes based on bio-nano interface
Bayar Hexig 1
1

Department of Genetics development and Cell Biology, School of Life Sciences,
Inner Mongolia University, Huhhot, China.
E-mail address: bhexig@imu.edu.cn

The discovery of neural stem/progenitor cells (NSPCs) in the central nervous system(CNS) of adult mammals, along with significant achievements in in vitro culture systems utilizing
cell-cell aggregated neurosphere assay under defined conditions, have revealed that NSPCs canrepair brain injuries and diseases by generating neurons, astrocytes, and oligodendrocytes.
Astrocytes, the most abundant glial cells in the mammalian CNS, play a crucial role in maintaining
the homeostasis of the entire CNS. Reactive astrocytes are abnormally induced by various
neurological diseases in vivo, in which the specific protein glial fibrillary acidic protein (GFAP)
has been found to be upregulated. However, its role and functions are poorly understood. Here, wehave developed a serum-free monolayer culture system for NSPs that can avoid heterogeneity
issues caused by traditional neurosphere assay. Based on this culture system, we successfully
differentiated the neural stem cells into two types of astrocytes, typical GFAP-expressing and high
GFAP-expressing. Our findings provide a platform for characterizing the function of abnormal
astrocytes and regulating their morphogenesis, which leads to intrinsic and extrinsic signaling ofsynaptic dysfunction. More importantly, the novel highly efficient directed-differentiation ofneural stem cells into normal and abnormal astrocytes is achieved in the absence of any soluble
factor in culture.

Key words: biomaterials, neural stem cells, astrocytes, bio-nano interface.

65

Double hits with bioactive nanozyme based on cobalt-doped nanoglass for
acute and diabetic wound therapies through anti-inflammatory and proangiogenic functions
Nandin Mandakhbayar1,2,6, YunSeong Ji1,2, Kapil D. Patel1,2,3, Khandmaa Dashnyam1,2,4,
Oyunchimeg Bayaraa1,2,4, Jung-Hwan Lee1,2,5, Hae- Won Kim1,2,5
1Institute of Tissue Regeneration Engineering (ITREN), Dankook University, Cheonan, 31116,
Republic of Korea
2Department of Nanobiomedical Science and BK21 PLUS NBM Global Research Center for
Regenerative Medicine, Dankook University, Cheonan, 31116, Republic of Korea
3School of Cellular and Molecular Medicine (CMM), University of Bristol, Bristol, BS8 1TD
United Kingdom
4Drug Research Institute, Mongolian University of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Ulaanbaatar
14250, Mongolia
5Mechanobiology Dental Medicine Research Center, Dankook University, Cheonan, 31116,
Republic of Korea
6Department of Biochemistry, School of Biomedicine, Mongolian National University of Medical
Sciences, Ulaanbaatar 14210, Mongolia

Regeneration of pathological wounds, such as diabetic ulcers, poses a significant challenge
in clinical settings, despite the widespread use of drugs. To overcome clinical side effects andcomplications, drug-free therapeutics need to be developed to promote angiogenesis while
overcoming inflammation to restore regenerative events. This study presents a novel bioactive
nanozyme based on cobalt-doped nanoglass [1] (namely, CoNZ), which exhibits highenzymatic/catalytic activity while releasing therapeutic ions. Cobalt oxide “Co3O4” tiny
crystallites produced in situ through a chemical reaction with H2O2 within CoNZ nanoparticles
play a crucial role in scavenging ROS. Results showed that CoNZ-treatment to full-thickness skinwounds in mice significantly accelerated the healing process, promoting neovascularization,
matrix deposition, and epithelial lining while reducing pro-inflammatory signs. Notably, CoNZ
was highly effective in treating pathological wounds (streptozotocin-induced diabetic wounds).
Rapid scavenging of ROS by CoNZ and down-regulation of pro-inflammatory markers while upregulating tissue healing signs with proliferative cells and activated angiogenic factors contributed
to the observed healing events. In vitro experiments involving CoNZ-cultures with macrophages
and endothelial cells exposed to high glucose and ROS-generating conditions further confirmed
the effectiveness of CoNZ. CoNZ promoted angiogenesis was attributed to the release of cobalt
ions, as evidenced by the comparable effects of CoNZ-extracted ionic medium in enhancing
66

endothelial migration and tubule formation via activated HIF-1α [2]. Finally, we compared the invivo efficacy of CoNZ with the clinically-available drug deferoxamine. Results demonstrated that
CoNZ was as effective as the drug in closing the diabetic wound, indicating the potential of CoNZ
as a novel drug-free therapeutic approach [3].
[1] J.H. Lee, A. El-Fiqi, N. Mandakhbayar, H.H. Lee, H.W. Kim, Drug/ion co-delivery multi-functional
nanocarrier to regenerate infected tissue defect, Biomaterials. 142 (2017) 62–76.
https://doi.org/10.1016/j.biomaterials.2017.07.014.
[2] H. Thangarajah, D. Yao, E.I. Chang, Y. Shi, L. Jazayeri, I.N. Vial, R.D. Galiano, X.-L. Du, R.
Grogan, M.G. Galvez, M. Januszyk, M. Brownlee, G.C. Gurtner, The molecular basis for impaired
hypoxia-induced VEGF expression in diabetic tissues, PNAS. 106 (2009) 13505–13510.
www.pnas.org/cgi/content/full/ (accessed September 6, 2019).
[3] N. Mandakhbayar, Y. Ji, A. El-fiqi, K.D. Patel, Dong Suk Yoon, K. Dashnyam, O. Bayaraa, G. Jin, K.
Tsogtbaatar, T.-H. Kim, J.-H. Lee, H.-W. Kim, Double hits with bioactive nanozyme based on cobaltdoped nanoglass for acute and diabetic wound therapies through anti-inflammatory and pro-angiogenic
functions, Bioact. Mater. 31 (2023) 298–311. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.bioactmat.2023.08.014.

67

From local to global R&I: practices in next generation material development
for bio-medical applications
Tae Hyun Yoon 1
1Department of Chemistry, Hanyang University, Seoul, Korea
2Institute for Next Generation Material Design, Hanyang University, Seoul, Korea
3Research Institute for Convergence of Basic Science, Hanyang University, Seoul, Korea
4Department of Medical and Digital Engineering, Hanyang University, Seoul, Kore
5Yoon Idea Lab. Co. Ltd, Seoul, Korea

In this talk, I will present our currently ongoing experience in the development of next
generation bio-nano materials, focused on the characterization, toxicity & efficacy assessments
and design of next generation bio-nano materials, along with our strategy to transform smoothly
our research and innovation (R&I) from local to global. In our “Institute for Next Generation
Material Design (INGMD)”, we aim to develop safe, sustainable and high-performance
nanomaterials for biomedical applications. To achieve this goal, we are conducting research R&I
on the following topics. 1) Perform proteomics and transcriptomics analyzes to characterizemolecular mechanisms of the interactions between the biological cells and nanoparticles, using invitro cells, organoids, and 3D models to predict the toxicity of nanoparticles. 2) In vitro and in
silico analysis to replace animal testing, so alternative animal testing methods are performed toreduce animal testing. 3) Prediction of interaction between nanoparticles and cells using new
approach methodologies (NAMs) and long-term toxicity of nanoparticles, development of aneffective experimental data analysis pipeline to evaluate the stability of nanoparticles. Under theumbrella of the INGMD, domestic industry-academia-research collaboration clusters, such as theCenter for Next Generation Cytometry (CNGC), the Safe and Sustainable Nanotechnology
community (S2NANO), and the artificial intelligence-based exosome (exosome.AI) consortium
were created. For the smooth transition of our R&I capabilities from local to global, we areparticipating various multilateral collaborative research consortia, as a part of the European H2020
and Horizon Europe programs (e.g., ACEnano, NanoSolveIT, SABYDOMA, CompSafeNano,
CHIASMA, INSIGHT), which include 20+ research institutes and universities from various EU
countries.

68

Poster session
Studies on fabrication of nanostructured few-layer MoS2 and their
physicochemical characterization

Narangerel Adiyasuren

In this research work, mono-mineral fraction and 2D MoS2 nanomaterials were extracted
from molybdenite-bearing minerals, and their physicochemical properties were studied. A single
crystal was extracted from the molybdenite-containing minerals of the "Erdenet Plant" coppermolybdenum deposit by petrographic method, and it was determined to be highly pure with 2Hphase by X-ray diffractometer analysis. Furthermore, by using a ball mill to produce powder withan average size of 2.89 µm, 2D MoS2 nanomaterials with 5-layer-to-bulk and 4-layer dimensions,with bandgap energy of 1.86 eV and 1.92 eV, were obtained by ultrasonication with probe andsalt-assisted in liquid medium. In the future, it is possible to carry out research on obtaining
potential mono-layer-MoS2, establishing optimal conditions for mass production, and applying it
to various biomedical applications by modifying and stabilizing the surface.

69Some results of formulation of nano calcium supplements with cholecalciferol
and rhodiola extract for treatment of osteoporosis
Akhsholpan Byekyet1, Battulga B1, Saikhanbayar P1, S.Badamtsetseg S1, Khandmaa D2,
Tsetsegmaa S1, Khurelbaatar. L2, Lkaasuren R1*
1

Drug Research Institute, Monos
2
Monos group, Mongolia

Introduction: Osteoporosis is a skeletal condition characterized by decreased density(mass/volume) of normally mineralized bone [1]. The reduced bone density leads to decreased
mechanical strength, thus making the skeleton more likely to fracture [2]. Calcium nanocomposites,cholecalciferol, and the Rhodiola extract are known to have antiosteoporotic effect [3]. The current
study aimed to investigate the development of chewable tablets with nano calcium, cholecalciferol
and rhodiola extract for treatment of osteoporosis.
Methods: Chewable tablets by using nano-calcium carbonate, cholecalciferol, Rhodiola dry
extract levering on findings from Mongolian traditional medicine. The chewable tablet had an
average weight of around 680 mg with an active content percentage of calcium ion 68.17% andsalidroside - 0.94 mg/tab. The physicochemical properties of chewable tablets satisfied thepharmacopoeial requirements for tablets.
Results: We assessed the manufacturability of powders based on their flow and compaction
properties by using the compressibility index and Hausner ratio, respectively. We selected the wet
granulation process based on the poor flow properties of API and its blends with common
compaction excipients. The different formulations (F1–F6) of chewable tablets were evaluatedaccording to their palatable properties and facilitation of dissolution.
Formulation 1 (Nano calcium carbonate , Rhodiola extract, Vitamin D, citric acid, sorbitol, orange
powder, polyvinylpyrrolidone (Kollidon® 30), sodium croscarmellose, magnesium stearate, cacao
powder, aspartame) satisfied the requirements of a chewable tablet.The average weight of thechewable tablets was 676.5± 1.13 mg. The weight variations of all measured tablets were<1.92 %and far below the pharmacopoeial limit. Salidroside, the active compound of Rhodiola rosea was
about 0.94 mg per each tablet. These result were near the theoretical values as calculated according
to the input amounts of the components. The hardness of the tablet was 0.8 MPa. The friability ofchewable tablets was 99%, which was notably below the pharmacopoeia limit of 97%. The
disintegration time of chewable tablets was 2 minutes.
70

Conclusion: We developed chewable tablets containing calcium nanocomposites,cholecalciferol and, Rhodiola extract. The physicochemical properties of chewable tablets
satisfied the pharmacopoeial requirements for tablets.
Acknowledgments: This work was supported by Monos Group LLC, Mongolia.
[1] Sözen, T., L. Özışık, and N.Ç. Başaran, An overview and management of osteoporosis. European
journal of rheumatology, 2017. 4(1): p. 46.
[2] Khakpour, S., et al., Effect of osteoporosis-related reduction in the mechanical properties of bone on
the acetabular fracture during a sideways fall: A parametric finite element approach. PloS one, 2022.
17(2): p. e0263458.
[3] Dashnyam, K., et al., Nanoscale calcium salt-based formulations as potential therapeutics forosteoporosis. ACS Biomaterials Science & Engineering, 2020. 6(8): p. 4604-4613.

71

Antioxidant and antibacterial properties of artemisia sieversiana
Willd. extracts: a focus on ethyl acetate extract
Altantuul Amarbayasgalan1,2, Altansukh Ulambayar2,
Oyunbileg Lkhagvasuren2, Suvdmaa Tuvaanjav2*
1

Institute of Chemistry and Chemical Technology, Mongolian Academy of Sciences,
Ulaanbaatar, 13330 Mongolia
2
Department of Biology, National University of Mongolia, Ulaanbaatar 14201, Mongolia*E-mail: suvdmaa@num.edu.mn ORCID: 0000-0003-4399-1222

This study investigates the antioxidant and antibacterial properties of Artemisia sieversiana
Willd. extracts, focusing on the ethyl acetate extract. Five groups of extracts (hexane, chloroform,
ethyl acetate, n-butanol, and water) were obtained from the thick methanol extract of Artemisia
sieversiana Willd. Each extract was evaluated for antioxidant and antibacterial activity. The ethyl
acetate extract, which showed the highest biological activity, was further analyzed for its total
phenolic content (TPC) using the Folin-Ciocalteu reagent method and total flavonoid content(TFC) using the aluminum chloride colorimetric method.
Antioxidant activity was assessed using DPPH, ABTS, and FRAP assays. The ethyl acetate extract
exhibited significant antioxidant properties, with an IC50 value of 54.8±0.47 μg/mL in the DPPH
assay and high inhibitory percentages in both ABTS and FRAP assays, indicating superior efficacy
compared to extracts obtained with butanol, chloroform, and hexane.
Antibacterial activity was tested against Gram-positive (Bacillus subtilis, Staphylococcus
aureus) and Gram-negative bacteria (Escherichia coli, Pseudomonas aeruginosa) using the discdiffusion method. The ethyl acetate extract demonstrated significant antibacterial effects, with
inhibition zones measuring 12.32±0.21 mm for Bacillus subtilis and 13.21±0.16 mm for
Staphylococcus aureus, highlighting its potential as an effective antibacterial agent. Phytochemical
analysis identified substantial amounts of secondary metabolites in the ethyl acetate extract,
including 23.4±0.07 mg GAE/g of phenolic compounds and 0.084±0.25 mg RE/g of flavonoids.
The analysis also revealed a low alkaloid content, suggesting a moderate toxicity profile for the
extract.
These findings highlight Artemisia sieversiana Willd. as a promising source of natural
antioxidant and antibacterial agents. The study underscores the need for further research to isolate
and characterize the specific bioactive compounds responsible for these beneficial activities, which
could pave the way for their potential therapeutic applications.
72[1] A. Altantuul, J. Dorjbat, B. Amarjargal, B. Nasantogtokh, P. Sarantsetseg, and T. Suvdmaa,“Biological activity and toxicity of extracts from Artemisia sieversiana Willd” Bulletin of the Institute ofChemistry and Chemical Technology. 10, 10 (2022).
[2] M. Abad, L. Bedoya, L. Apaza,. P. Bermejo “The Artemisia L. genus: “A review of bioactive essentialoils”. Molecules, 17(3), 2542–2566. (2012).

73

Aspen plus simulation of copper cathode production by L-SX-EW processing
Amartuvshin Khaliun, Chimed Ganzorig

With the decline in both the number and quality of high-grade copper ore mines and theincreasing demand for copper, it has become imperative to process oxidized, low-grade ores andpreviously unextracted minerals. This study utilizes the L-SX-EW (Leaching-Solvent ExtractionElectrowinning) process, simulated through Aspen Plus® modeling software. A theoretical model
was developed reflecting actual plant operations, incorporating reagent and output data. The results
indicate a deviation of 1.22% in the leaching process and 4.45% in the SX-EW process whencompared to real-world data. Additionally, a sensitivity analysis of copper extraction was
performed, examining the impact of variations in acid and organic solvent concentrations. The
results of this analysis were thoroughly evaluated and discussed.

74Superhydrophobic modification and morphological characterization of camel
wool fiber surfaces with silica nanoparticles by AFM method
Khongorzul baasantseren 1, Ganzorig chimed 2, Battugs davaasambuu 1
1

Department of Nano and Chemical Engineering, New Mongol Institute of Technology
Center for Nanoscience and Nanotechnology, Department of Chemical and Biochemical
Engineering, School of Applied Sciences and Engineering, National University of Mongolia,
Ulaanbaatar 14201, Mongolia
2

Camel wool possesses numerous advantages, including heat and cold insulation, minimal
environmental impact, suitability for use as insulation material, and high textile versatility. By
applying a superhydrophobic layer to the surface of camel wool, the durability and lifespan of the
textile can be extended, while also imparting resistance to water and other pollutants. This attributeis crucial for reducing the frequency of textile washing and for the preservation of archaeologicalartifacts of textiles.
Superhydrophobic fibers were formed using the dip-method in a solution containing silicon
dioxide nanoparticles. Before chemical treatment, the wetting contact angle of water dropletsmeasured116° , which significantly increased to 158° after chemical modification, indicating theattainment of superhydrophobic properties.
Characterization of the surface morphology of camel wool fibers was conducted throughAtomic Force Microscopy (AFM), Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM) and Fourier Transform
Infrared Spectroscopy (FTIR). Moreover, a Contact Angle Meter was utilized to assess thesurface's superhydrophobicity and water impermeability.

75Enhancing magnetic properties and Curie temperature of 4d and 5dtransition metal and p-block element co-doped Fe2P alloys
B. Khongorzul1,2, N. Tsogbadrakh2*, N. Jargalan1, E. Uyanga1, D. Sangaa1, N. Otgonzul2,
D.Sodkhuu1,2, T. Tsevelmaa1, T.Ochirkhuyag3, N. Batnyam3,
Kh. Odbadrakh4 and D. Odkhuu3†
1

Institute of Physics and Technology, Mongolian Academy of Sciences, Ulaanbaatar 13330,
Mongolia,2
Department of Physics, National University of Mongolia, Ulaanbaatar 14201, Mongolia,
3
Department of Physics, Incheon National University, Incheon 22012, South Korea,
4National Institute for Computational Sciences, Oak Ridge, Tennessee 37830, USA*e-mail: Tsogbadrakh@num.edu.mn, †e-mail: odkhuu@inu.ac.kr

Permanent magnets play vital role in modern transitional technologies from electric motors
to medical equipment. Iron phosphide (Fe2P) alloys exhibit excellent magnetic properties and arestandout candidates to fill the gap magnets between hard ferrite and rare-earth based permanent
magnets (PM). One of the major problems with Fe 2P is the low Curie temperature (Tc) comparedwith other PM materials. In this work, we investigated M0.04Fe2-xPy-1Zy (M = 4d and 5d heavytransition metals, and Z = p-block elements such as B, C, N for 2nd row, Al, Si and S for 3rd row
and Ga, Ge, As and Se for 4th row) using the density functional theory (DFT) to determine if these
doping compositions increase Curie temperature of the system. Our results show that Os 5d heavytransition metal doping enhances magneto-crystalline anisotropy up to 3.32 MJ/m3, 10% higher
than for pristine Fe2P. We attribute this effect to the spin-orbit coupling of high nuclear charge andclose to the half-filled electron configurations. Furthermore, our calculations suggest that dopingwith (M = Ru, Os, and Pt, Z = B group (B, Al, Ga) elements increases Curie temperature (T c),magnetic saturation (Ms) and energy product (BHmax) of M0.04Fe2-xPy-1 Zy composition.
Acknowledgements
This work is supported by the US Office of Naval Research (ONR), Office of Naval Research
Global (ONRG) and Army International Technology Center, Indo-Pacific (ITC-PAC) under the
ONRG grant N62909-22-1-2045).

76

In vitro cultivation and acclimatization to natural conditions of Lycium
ruthenicum Murr
B.Solongo1, D.Usukhjargal2
1

National University of Mongolia
2Institute of Botanical Garden

Background
Lycium ruthenicum Murr., or wolfberry, is vital for sand migration and soil stabilization. Rich inproteins, polysaccharides, flavonoids, amino acids, and vitamins B1, B2, and C, it helps prevent
diabetes, vision loss, lung diseases, and improves liver and kidney functions. [1]For the initiation of in vitro cultures of wolfberry, shoot pieces, inoculated in culture medium
Murashige-Skoog(MS), supplemented with hormones of different concentrations (IBA – Indole3-buteric acid, GA – gibberellin acid, BAP – benzylaminopurine, NAA - naphthalene acetic acid)
were used.
Methods
For in vitro culture, seeds were sterilized using ethanol and sodium hypochlorite, then rinsed withsterile water. The sterilized seeds were planted in ½ MS medium with sucrose and agar, pH
adjusted to 5.75-5.85, and cultured under controlled light and temperature conditions. 4 different
hormones were used in 6 different variations.
Results
In vitro regeneration of wolfberry shoots was successfully achieved using a nutrient medium
containing IBA (0.5 mg/L) and GA (0.5 mg/L), while root regeneration was optimized using IBA(1.5 mg/L; 2.0 mg/L) and GA (0.5 mg/L) in a ½ MS nutrient medium. When 30-day-old microplants were transferred to an ex vitro environment, a soil mix of black soil, sand, and vermiculite(1:1:1) resulted in a viability rate of 100% (15 micro-plants).
Conclusion
This study highlights the medicinal and economic potential of wolfberry, emphasizing the needfor sustainable cultivation practices and the effective propagation of this valuable plant.

[1] H.F Zhang, X. Li, J.G. Wang, Y.J Yang, Chinese Ecology and Environment 16 (2007) 1219 - 1224

77

Nanoceria-GO-intercalated multicellular spheroids revascularize and salvage
critical ischemic limbs through anti-apoptotic and pro-angiogenic functions
Oyunchimeg Bayaraa1,2, Khandmaa Dashnyam1,2, Jung-Hwan Lee 2,3,4, Hae-Won Kim 2,3,4*
1

2

Drug Research Institute, Monos Group, Mongolia
Institute of Tissue Regeneration Engineering (ITREN), Dankook University, South Korea
3
Department of Nanobiomedical Science & BK21 PLUS NBM Global Research Center for
Regenerative Medicine, Dankook University, South Korea
4
Department of Biomaterials Science, School of Dentistry, Dankook University, South Korea*Correspondence: kimhw@dku.edu

Critical limb ischemia (CLI) is one of the most devasting peripheral arterial diseases. Celltherapy has been considered potential for the treatment of ischemic damages, including CLI.
Compared to individual-cell delivery, multiple-cell delivery in the form of spheroids has often
been shown better therapeutic capability and outcomes. Furthermore, engineering cells by
combining with nanomaterials has proven to improve the therapeutic potential in CLI. We focusedon the role of Nano ceria component in CeGO in terms of ROS scavenging and HIF1α-activatedpro-angiogenic capacity of multicellular spheroids. The intercalation of CeGO within
HUVEC/MSC spheroids was shown to effectively scavenge environmental ROS, thus preserving
cell survival and proliferative capacity (Ki67+ cells up-regulated) while concurrently reducing
apoptotic signalings (BAX/p38/Cas3 down-regulated and Bcl2 up-regulated), which is helpful for
securing the population of transplanted cells that can function to promote angiogenesis and tissue
healing. On the other hand, the role of CeGO, particularly in the direct modulation of oxygen
tension, was also proven which was mediated via APE/Ref-1 signaling pathway.
In this study, we demonstrated the potential of CeGO nano-microsheets as the multicellulardelivery platform for CLI treatment. CeGO intercalated in HUVEC/MSC delivery is considered apotential nano-microplatform for CLI treatment, by scavenging excessive ROS and enhancing
transplanted cell survival, while stimulating angiogenic events, which collectively help
revascularization and tissue recovery, salvaging critical ischemic limbs.
Key words: Nano ceria, spheroids, CLI, angiogenesis

78Mechanical and liquid phase exfoliations of MoS2
B. Odontuya1, O. Erdenetuya1, A. Narangerel2, D. Otgonbayar1,
G. Batdemberel1, Yu. Ganchimeg1, J. Battogtokh3,
D. Jamiyanaa4, Kh. Zagarzusem5 and G. Munkhsaikhan1
1

School of Applied Sciences, MongolianUniversity of Science and Technology, Ulaanbaatar,
Mongolia
2
School of Engineering and Technology, National University of Mongolia, Ulaanbaatar,
Mongolia
3
US Naval Research Laboratory, Washington, DC, United States
4
Department of Physics, Chatham University, Pittsburg, PA, United States
5
School of Information Technology, Mongolian University of Science and Technology,
Ulaanbaatar, Mongolia

Two-dimensional layered material MoS2 is an emerging material with wide-ranging
applications in electronics, optoelectronics, energy conversion and storage. There are manymethods for synthesizing continuous MoS2 films that are capable of producing good quality MoS2
layers. However, it is challenging to produce large-area MoS2 films and large-area growth methods
areneeded to open the way for applications. This study focuses on the fabrication of large-area,
atomically thin MoS2 films using mechanical and LPE exfoliation techniques. Quantitative
analysis of optical contrast, AFM, and combined resonant Raman spectroscopy was performed on
few-layer MoS2, indicating a clear distinction between flakes with different numbers of layers.

[1] Zong-Yan Zhao and Qing-Lu Lui. Catal. Sci. Technol. 8, 1867 (2018).
[2] Changgu Lee, Hugen Yan, Louis E Brus, Tony F Heinz, James Hone and Sunmin Ryu. ACS Nano.
4, 2695 (2010).
[3]Hong Li, Qing Zhang, Chin Chong Ray Yap, Beng Kang Tay, Teo Hang Tong Edwin, Aurelien
OlivierandDominique Baillargeat. Adv. Funct. Mater. 22, 1385(2012).
[4] Diego A. Gómez, Jordi CoelloandSantiago Maspoch. Vib. Spectrosc. 100, 48(2019).

79Plant mediated synthesis of silver nanoparticles: their characteristic
properties, antibacterial effect and their burn wound healing efficacy
Bum-Erdene Bold 1,2, Enerelt Urnukhsaikhan1,2* and Tsogbadrakh Mishig-Ochir1,2
1 Laboratory of Molecular and Cellular Biophysics, Department of Biology, National Universityof Mongolia, Ulaanbaatar, Mongolia
2 Graduate School of National University of Mongolia, Ulaanbaatar, Mongolia

Green synthesis of nanoparticles has gained widespread attention due to their high stability,
cost effectiveness, availability and low toxicity. One of the routes of green synthesis involves theutilization of plants’ bioactive compounds to generate nanoparticles. The current study aims todevelop silver nanoparticles (AgNP) with several plants, such as Carduus crispus (AgNP-C),
Rhodiola rosea (AgNP-R) and Campanula glomerata (AgNP-G), and determine theircharacteristics, synthesis yield, antibacterial effects and burn wound healing efficacy. The silver
nanoparticles synthesized with different plants exhibited distinct physical and chemical
characteristics. And their characterization was assessed using UV-Vis spectroscopy, FTIR, Zeta
potential, XRD, EDX, PCCS, AFM and SEM techniques. The results of our research indicatedthat manipulation of nanoparticle characteristics may be possible using plants specifically different
plant organs. In addition, the biological and biomedical application of the synthesized AgNPs werestudied by evaluating the effects of AgNP-loaded ointment on BALB/c mice’s burn model. Ourfindings confirmed that AgNP-loaded ointment accelerated wound healing process throughregulation of pro-inflammatory and anti-inflammatory gene expression, and the histologicalevaluation revealed the wound site treated with AgNP ointment had fewer mast cell infiltration.
Moreover, the synthesized AgNPs inhibited both Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacteria at
low concentrations while also exhibiting low toxicity effect. The findings suggest that thedeveloped AgNP-loaded ointment has the potential to be applied in the field of biomedicine.

80Solid waste of tannery – opportunity of gelatin based organic fertilizer
B.Khongorzul1,2, M.Baasanjav2, S.Dashbal2, D.Tserennadmid2
12

NUM, School of engineer technology
MUST. Research and development institute of light industry

Mongolian agricultural area affected by erosion and the soil damage is increasing [1], so it
must be supplemented with mineral and nutrient organic fertilizers [2]. For this purpose, this study
was carried out to obtain gelatin based organic fertilizer from chrome free solid waste of thetannery.
The pretreatment of goat pelt was done by hydrochloric acid for 20 hours then for 3 months
in lime solution. The gelatin was extracted at 60°C for 6 hours and dryed. Prepared 4 different
fertilisers: NK-1, NPK-2, NPK-3, NPK-4 based on gelatin with different ratio.
The yield of acid-treated skin gelatines were 8.2%, alkali-treated skin gelatines 8.4% andthe pH of acid-treated and alkali-treated skin gelatines were 3 and 7 respectively. SEM-EDS
analysis showed surface-morphology and content of elements. Thermogravimetric analysis wasused to characterize the thermal stability of the gelatines. Those gelatins showed a weight loss (5458%) in the temperature range between 269°C-499°C. FTIR spectra for gelatin extracted from acidand alkali treated skins showed -О-Н, -С-Н, С=О, -NH-,O=C=C stretching. For fertilisers, 8 gr of
4 deifferent fertilezers in 4 kg of soil and planted chinese cabbage in fertilised soil. Determinedplant growth height and leaf area by 1 and 2 weeks after. After 14 days of plantation NPK-4 organic
fertiliser was given the best results, height was 43 mm, leaf area was 236 mm2 .
By the results of the experiments, NK-1 and NPK-4 have low polyacrylamide, thus canrelease N, P, K needed to plants through the soil for develop plant nutrition. It gives the opportunity
to produce organic fertilizer with gelatin from tannery solid wastes, thus it will increse usage of
wastes and decrease environmental pollution due to tannery wastes.
[1] Л.Ариунтунгалаг. (2021 оны 11 4). nrl.gov.mn.
http://nrl.gov.mn/application/newsdetail?newsId=105[2] Н.Нямсамбуу, Д. (2016). Монгол орны тариалангийн газрын ашиглалт, хөрсний элэгдэл,эвдрэл. Монголын хөрс судлал, 94-101.

81

Characteristics and effects of hair products containing Mongolian naturalmineral zeolites
Buyant Minjmaa1*, Tsoggerel Ariunsaikhan2, Munkhuu Bayarjargal2,
Biziya Baasanjargal3, Erdenebat Uranchimeg1
1

2

MonCream LLC, Ulaanbaatar 17401, Mongolia;
Laboratory of Biochemistry, Institute of Chemistry and Chemical Technology, Mongolian
Academy of Sciences, Ulaanbaatar 13330, Mongolia;
3
Mongolian National University of Medical Sciences Ulaanbaatar, Mongolia

Hair and scalp diseases are currently one of the most vibrant and rapidly evolving fields indermatology. With advances in technology, many treatments have been proposed for seborrheic
dermatitis, atopic dermatitis, and psoriasis. However, due to the recurrent nature of these diseases,
scientists are also looking for routine treatments. One of the easiest and most effective methods isthe use of hair treatment products. Shampoo, conditioner, hair mask. These preparations are safe
to use daily and provide nutrients and other essential vitamins to your hair and scalp. The
uniqueness is that all products in the set contain zeolites, rich in clinoptilolite. Topical applicationof clinoptilolite has been shown to be effective in treating skin ulcers, reduce healing time forwounds and surgical incisions, and have several benefits in the treatment of psoriasis. The
clinoptilolite contents in shampoo, conditioner, and mask of this set were 1.71%, 1.02%, 2.64 %,respectively, and heavy metals levels measured in all product samples were within the permissible
limits for cosmetics. Here, we investigated the effects of zeolite containing hair care products onhuman scalp parameters. A total of 36 people (control group n=16, experimental group n=20)
living in Ulaanbaatar, aged between 15 and 55, were subjected to the measurement of scalp
parameters and scalp disease symptoms (participants have seborrheic dermatitis, atopic dermatitis,and psoriasis) before and after using the product. Participants in the experimental group wereinvolved in 30 days of treatment with the “Zeolite” set product. Before and after treatment, scalp
pH, moisture, and oil content were analyzed at five different scalp sites using the Khazaкa Courage
instrument. As a result of using the “Zeolite” set product for 30 days, participants' hair density
increased by 0.8-1.6 times in occipital, parietal and frontal regions, whereas scalp oil decreased in
temporal, parietal and frontal regions, indicating improved condition of the scalp. Furthermore,some common symptoms such as itching, dryness, and dandruff decreased by 33.3%, 26.7%, and29.8%, respectively. Research results suggest that the potential effects of zeolite may reduce82

symptoms of scalp diseases and improve hair and scalp properties through the effects ofclinoptilolite.
Key word: Scalp, Zeolite, Clinoptilolite, Hair care products

83Analysis for germination activity and salinity stress resistance on somemongolian pasture plants
B.Battsetseg1,2, B.Bolortuya1, B.Bujin1,2, N.Chinsetgel1, Y.Ayumi2, A.Tadao3, N.Takeshi2
B.Davaapurev1 and J.Batkhuu1
1School of Engineering and Technology, National University of Mongolia, Mongolia
2
Graduate School of Biostudies, Kyoto University, Japan
3
Graduate School of Agricultural and Life Sciences, The University of Tokyo, Japan

Mongolia, located on the Central Asian plateau, has a harsh continental climate. There is ahuge variation in air temperature not only between winter and summer but also between day andnight. The weather is unstable and changes several times, even in one day, and the air is dry, andthe wind is strong. The total amount of precipitation is very low, with short summers and long
winters. Mongolian wild plants are believed to have certainly adapted to external environmental
stresses such as heat, cold, drought, strong sunlight, salinity, poor soil, and the impact on livestockand other animals. In other words, we consider Mongolia's natural and climatic conditions to be aliving and valuable research object, not artificial, to discover plants resistant to abiotic and biotic
environmental stress. This research is not only cognitively significant in explaining plants'
environmental adaptability and the role of plants in ecosystems from the point of view of genomics
but is also important in discovering the benefits of limited natural plant resources and contributing
to social and economic development.
Here, we started the germination tests on 73 pasture plants collected from the Tuv,
Dornogovi, Uvs, and Selenge provinces of Mongolia. As a result, 32 species germinated within 7days, and notably, six species germinated within the first 24 hours. Among them, three plant
species demonstrated the fastest germination rates and the ability to germinate at vernalization
stage. To reveal salinity stress tolerance on the fastest germinated plants, plants were treated with
NaCl for 3 weeks, and plant biomass and malondialdehyde (MDA) content were measured. Four
plant species showed high tolerance against salt stress with increasing biomass and a low
concentration of MDA content. In addition, according to increasing concentration of NaCl, Chloris
virgata showed salty crystals on the leaf surface. Further, more detailed exploration will be needed.

84

Isolation, purification, and antioxidant activity evaluation of polysaccharides
from cynanchum thesiodes (Freyn).K.Schum
Mu Dan 1,2 , Munkhtsetseg Baatar 2, Bo Surina 1
1

Inner Mongolian Medical University, Hohhot, Inner Mongolia Province, 010010
2
Science Technology Ulaanbaatar Park, National University of Mongolia

This study aimed to isolate and purify polysaccharide components from Cynanchum
thesiodes, a natural plant, and to investigate their structural analysis and antioxidant activities.
Crude polysaccharide was extracted from Cynanchum thesiodes using the hot water extraction andalcohol precipitation method. Protein removal was conducted using the Sevag method, followed
by decolorization with H2O2 [1].
The total sugar content was determined by the phenol-sulfuric acid method, and molecular weightand monosaccharide composition were analyzed. Polysaccharides with homogeneous molecularmass were purified by ion exchange chromatography and gel chromatography for further structural
analysis and biological assay [2]. Finally, the scavenging abilities of DPPH, superoxide anion, andhydroxyl radicals of polysaccharides were measured to evaluate their antioxidant capacities [3].
Results: The total sugar content of crude polysaccharides from Cynanchum thesiodes wasfound to be 33.16±0.27%, mainly consisting of rhamnose, arabinose, galactose, glucose, mannose,and galacturonic acid. Four fractions, CTST-W, CTST-0.2M, CTST-0.5M, and CTST-1.0M, wereseparated by DEAE 52 ion exchange column with yields of 9.79%, 5.44%, 3.04%, and 0.09%,
respectively. Water fraction CTST-W was further purified by gel chromatography and yielded one
homogeneous polysaccharide, CTST-W2 fraction (Mw=9862 Da). Antioxidant capacity showedthat CTST and its fractions (CTST-W, CTST-0.2M, CTST-0.5M, and CTST-1.0M) had certain
DPPH, superoxide anion, and hydroxyl radicals scavenging abilities, in a dose-dependent manner.
Conclusion: This study provides a theoretical basis for further research on the isolation,
purification, structural analysis, and biological activity of Cynanchum thesiodes polysaccharides.
It aims to boost the application of Cynanchum thesiodes in medicine and functional foods, andpromote the development and application expansion of natural plant polysaccharides.
[1]S.Ullah, A.A.Khalil, F.Shaukat, Y.Song. Sources, extraction and biomedical properties ofpolysaccharides. [J].Foods, 8(8):304 (2019).
[2] Sh.Chen, B.M.Khan, K.L.Cheong, L.Yang. Pumpkin polysaccharides: Purification, characterizationand hypoglycemic potential. International Journal of Biological Macromolecules, 139:842-849 (2019).

85

[3]J.Q.Wang, S.Z.Hu, S.P.Nie et al. Reviews on mechanisms of invitro antioxidant activity ofpolysaccharides. [J] Oxidative Medicine and Cellular Longevity,2016: 5692852.(2016).

86

An amount that determines the particle size of fortified calcite*Batdorj D1, Badamtsetseg S1, Erdene N2, Khandmaa D1.,
Lkhaasuren R1, Khurelbaatar L1.
1

2

Drug Research Institute, Monos group
Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering, SEAS, NUM*
E-mail: batdorj.d@monos.mn

Calcium is mostly found in nature as calcium carbonate, and it is considered to be abundantand bioactive. Calcium carbonate is composed of calcium (Ca), carbon (C), and oxygen (O) andoccurs naturally in mammalian bones, teeth, calcite, limestone, marble, or shells. Among them,calcite is used in traditional medicine as part of many types of medicines. Therefore, in our research,
we experimented with adding calcite, a mineral raw material used in traditional medicine, to thenanoscale using one of the main methods of nanotechnology, the top down method.
In the previous study, the physical and chemical analysis of the samples collected from 19
points in Mongolia was carried out. Among them, samples with a high calcium content and a goodtransition from calcium carbonate to calcium oxide were selected based on the calcite samples
before and after taming.
The samples were milled with zirconium balls at different speeds of 50, 350, and 500 rpm
to decrease particle size. The samples milled with a ball mill were soaked in 0.25% milk. After
fortified, the samples were thoroughly dried and analyzed by XRD, AFM, and PCCS to determine
the particle size. The crystallization size was 27.8-36.35 nm by the XRD. The particle size was
18.79-65.93 nm by the AFM. By PCCS, the particle size was 8973.06 nm, 5528.26 nm, 2883.49
nm, and 1961.9 nm, respectively.
From the above results, the amount of crystallization increases with the increase of rotation
speed, but the amount of crystallization of the sample milled at 500 rpm rotation speed decreases.
Also, according to the results of the measurement, the calcite samples were modified to uniform
calcium hydroxide. Using a ball mill, the selected samples were subjected to decrease particle size
at different rotation speeds, and the nanoscale was determined for each sample, and the samples
with 350 rpm were selected as suitable for use.
[1] M. K. Garg and Namita Mahalle. Calcium Supplementation: Why, Which, and How?. Indian J
Endocrinol Metab. 2019 Jul-Aug; 23(4): 387–390.
[2] Royal society of Chemistry, https://www.rsc.org/

87

[3] Piste Pravina, Didwagh Sayaji and Mokashi Avinash. Calcium and Its Role in Human Body.
International Journal of Research in Pharmaceutical and Biomedical Sciences. Vol. 4(2) Apr-Jun 2013.
659-668[4] С. Олдох, Б. Цэрэндоо, П. Батхуяг. “Монгол эмийн судлал” Улаанбаатар 2017 он. Хуудас 163164[5] Ж. Оюун “Эмийн эрдэс номхотгох Монголын уламжлалт нанотехнологи ба эрдсийн эмийн
нанохэмжээст түүхий эд бэлтгэх судалгааны үр дүн” Монголын анагаах ухаан. 2009. №3 (149).X
32-35[6] Ч. Чимэдрагчаа, Л. Хишигжаргал, Д. Наранцэцэг, А. Алтанцэцэг. Жоншийг номхотгох
судалгааны дүнгээс. Судалгааны өгүүлэл. Монголын анагаах ухаан, 2009, 3(149)88Enhancing intrinsic magnetic properties of ThMn12-type Sm(Fe1-xCox)11.5Ti0.5
through interstitial B, N, and C elements
D. Sodkhuu1,2, N. Tsogbadrakh1, N. Jargalan2, Kh. Odbadrakh3, and D. Odkhuu2,4
1

2

Department of Physics, National University of Mongolia, Ulaanbaatar 14201, Mongolia
Institute of Physics and Technology, Mongolian Academy of Sciences, Ulaanbaatar 13330,
Mongolia
3
National Institute for Computational Sciences, Oak Ridge, TN 37996, USA
4
Department of Physics, Incheon National University, Incheon 22012, South Korea

The SmFe11Ti alloy has been recognized as a possible contender for high-performancepermanent magnets thanks to its high energy density product and saturation magnetization. The
early transition metal Ti stabilizes the SmFe12 phase but significantly reduces its permanent magnet
performance, thus needs to be minimized. In this presentation, we report the effects of interstitialboron (B), nitrogen (N), and carbon (C) elements on the intrinsic permanent magnetic propertiesof ThMn12-type Sm(Fe1-xCox)11.5Ti0.5 compound using density functional theory and Monte Carlosimulations. It is demonstrated that the presence of all interstitial elements considered (B, N, andC) substantially improves the permanent magnetic properties of Sm(Fe1-xCox)11.5Ti0.5 phase while
maintaining the structural stability. These results will also be discussed and analyzed incomparison with experimental results.
This work is supported by the US Office of Naval Research (ONR), Office of Naval Research
Global (ONRG) and Army International Technology Center, Indo-Pacific (ITC-PAC) under the
ONRG grant N62909-22-1-2045).

89

Epitaxial growth of SmFe12 films by molecular beam epitaxy
E.Uyanga1, N.Jargalan1, V.T. Hoa2, S. Cho2, S. Kobayashi3, D.Sangaa1, D. Odkhuu4*
1

Institute of Physics and Technology, Mongolian Academy of Sciences, Ulaanbaatar 13330,
Mongolia2
Department of Physics and Energy Harvest-Storage Research Center, University of Ulsan,
Ulsan, 44610, South Korea
3
Faculty of Science and Engineering, Iwate University, Ueda 4-3-5, Morioka 020-8551, Japan
4
Department of Physics, Incheon National University, Incheon 22012, South Korea*odkhuu@inu.ac.kr

Although inherently unstable in bulk form, SmFe12 has garnered significant attention as apotential candidate for the next generation of permanent magnets. Herein, we report the firstepitaxial growth of SmFe12 films using Molecular Beam Epitaxy (MBE), exploring various flux
ratios of Sm and Fe to optimize their magnetic and structural properties for high-performance
applications.
SmFe12 thin films were grown on the cleaned MgO (001) substrates (lattice mismatch~1% ) at temperatures of 200°C, 300°C, and 400°C. By controlling the power of effusion cells
containing Sm (99.9%) and Fe (99.99%), we achieved various Fe/Sm flux ratios (1, 3, 6, 9, 10.5,
and 12).

Fig. 1. (a) Evolution of RHEED patterns for 50 nm SmFe12 films epitaxially grown on MgO(001) substrates. (b) Out-of-plane magnetization at different temperatures90Analysis of RHEED patterns (Fig. 1a) revealed a clear progression in the film growth: up to 20
nm thickness, only iron diffraction lines were observed, indicating the dominance of α-Fe.
Beyond this threshold, the appearance of dots signified the initiation of the SmFe12 phase. The
coercivity of the out-of-plane magnetization decreased from 1.3 T to 0.46 T as the temperature
increased to room temperature (Fig. 1b).
The research is funded by Office of Naval Research and Office of Naval Research Global of the
US Department of Defense Grant N62909-22-1-2045.

91

Mineralogical analysis of copper concentrate and tailings from the ore
flotation process of a copper molybdenum porphyry deposit
Sondor Ganbat, Ganzorig Chimed

Copper-molybdenum porphyry deposits represent significant sources of copper andmolybdenum. Therefore, investigating the mineralogical characteristics of porphyry ores and themineral composition of copper concentrates offers advantages in enhancing metal recovery andoptimizing further processing of copper concentrates and by-products. This research aims toanalyze the chemical composition of the 'Erdenetin-Ovoo' copper-molybdenum porphyry deposit,
along with the morphology and intergranular features of key copper and molybdenum minerals.
The study also explores mineral composition in relation to beneficiation technology and productquality. Furthermore, it investigates the chemical composition and structure of minerals in rocks
and concentrates, assesses the liberation degree of chalcopyrite minerals in copper concentrates
and by-products, and examines mineral associations and grain relationships. Future research
directions include expanding studies on copper concentrates and by-products, investigating the
production and properties of anode copper and cement copper, and exploring opportunities for
production expansion.

92

Development of electrospun scaffolds containing nanohydroxyapatite for boneregeneration
Nomundelger Gankhuyag1,2 and Jin Seok Lee1,2*
12Department of Chemistry, Hanyang University, Seoul 04763, Korea
Research Institute for Convergence of Basic Science, Hanyang University, Seoul 04763, Korea*Corrosponding author

Bone regeneration is a critical area of biomedical research, necessitating advancements intissue engineering to address bone defects and injuries effectively [1]. Electrospun nanofibers haveemerged as promising scaffolds due to their high surface area, porosity, and biomimetic properties
resembling the extracellular matrix [2]. This study investigates the impact of nanohydroxyapatite(nHAp) concentrations (1%, 2%, and 3%) incorporated into polycaprolactone (PCL) electrospun
nanofibers on bone regeneration acceleration. Methods involved electrospinning PCL solutions
containing varying nHAp concentrations, followed by characterization using scanning electron
microscopy (SEM) to assess fiber morphology. Moreover, we confirmed the cytocompatibility ofthese membranes in culture with bone-marrow mesenchymal stem cells (BM-MSCs). Functional
assessments included Alizarin Red staining to evaluate mineralization and osteocalcin (OCN)
immunofluorescence imaging to quantify osteogenic differentiation. Results indicate that
increasing nHAp concentration enhances the structural integrity and bioactivity of electrospun
nanofibers, promoting osteogenic differentiation and accelerating bone regeneration processes.
SEM analysis reveals uniform fiber morphology across all concentrations, with increasing nHAp
showing enhanced surface roughness and mineral deposition. Alizarin Red staining confirms
enhanced mineralization in higher nHAp concentrations, while OCN immunofluorescencedemonstrates elevated osteogenic marker expression. In conclusion, electrospun nanofibers
containing higher nHA concentrations exhibit improved potential for bone regeneration
applications.
[1] G. G. Walmsley, A. McArdle, R. Tevlin, A. Momeni, D. Atashroo, M. S. Hu, et al. Nanomedicine
11(5), 1263 (2015).
[2] S. Panseri, C. Cunha, J. Lowery, U. Del Carro, F. Taraballi, S. Amadio, et al.
BMC Biotechnol. 8, 39 (2008).

93Influence of long-chain alkyl groups in graft binders on carbon agent
distribution for high-capacity anodes in lithium-ion batteries
Bolormaa Gendensuren, and Eun-Suok Oh*
School of Chemical Engineering, University of Ulsan, 93 Daehak-ro, Nam-mgu, Ulsan
44610, Republic of Korea, esoh1@ulsan.ac.

A small amount of the conductive carbon agent in lithium-ion battery formulations
significantly impacts the rate capability performance of battery. However, the distribution of the
conductive carbon material presents in the electrode slurry due to its hydrophobic and inert
characteristics. To overcome this problem, the use of dispersant agent was proposed during theelectrode fabrication process.
In this study, the grafting of adhesive acrylamide monomer and a long-chain alkyl (LCA)
monomer onto carboxymethyl cellulose is applied to binder to improve the distribution of the
carbon agent in a high-capacity anode. The LCA group in the graft copolymer binder exhibits gooddispersibility of the carbon agent and an improved conductive matrix compared to the binder withno LCA monomer. This may be explained by CH-π integration between the LCA group in graftpolymer and carbon agent. The high-capacity anode with the LCA-introduced graft binder is
examined in the slurry level for rheology and dispersion stability, at the electrode sheet level forelectrical resistance, adhesion strength, and at coin-cell level for various electrochemical
performance including charge/discharge performance.

Keywords: Silicon oxide; Graphite; Carbon agent distribution, long-chain alkyl monomer; Acrylamide;
Graft copolymer

94

95

Single-cell mass cytometry for the nanotoxicity studies: interaction between
the peripheral blood mononuclear cell and nanoparticles
Zayakhuu Gerelkhuu1,2, and Tae Hyun Yoon1,2,3,4*
1

Department of Chemistry, Research Institute for Convergence of Basic Science, Hanyang
University, Seoul 04763, Republic of Korea.
2Institute of Next Generation Material Design, Hanyang University, Seoul 04763, Republic of
Korea
3
Department of Medical and Digital Engineering, Hanyang University, Seoul, Kore 4Yoon Idea
Lab. Co. Ltd, Seoul, Korea*
Corresponding author E-mail address: taeyoon@hanyang.ac.kr

Single-cell mass cytometry, also known as cytometry by time-of-flight (CyTOF), is a
cutting- edge technology for multi-parametric cell analysis in a single-cell mode using metaltagged cellular markers. This technique minimizes signal overlap and allows for the use of up to
50 metal isotope labels, surpassing the limitations of fluorescence-based flow cytometry. CyTOF
can phenotype and profile immune cells by simultaneously detecting heterogeneous immune cell
populations. Over the past decade, this technique has become prominent in biological and medical
research due to its ability to generate high-dimensional, single-cell data. This capability enables
deep profiling of diverse immune cells, monitoring disease progression or recovery, andconducting high-resolution analyses of cytokine expression and signaling responses.
In this study, understanding the nanotoxicity and biomolecular interactions between
upconversion nanoparticles (UCNPs) and human immune cells is crucial before UCNPs can beutilized as diagnostic or therapeutic tools. CyTOF enables the detailed characterization of thesecomplex interactions and the safety of UCNPs. We investigated NaYF4:Yb3+/Er3+ UCNPs with20 nm core size on 12 immune cell populations including monocytes, B cells, dendritic cells,
natural killer cells, CD4 T and CD8T cells, interrogating 14 surface markers. Our findings revealed
that UCNPs have a higher affinity for phagocytic cells like monocytes and dendritic cells than forother immune cell types due to cell type dependent heterogeneity as well as incubation timedependence. In addition, the toxicity of NaYF4:Yb3+/Er3+ UCNPs with low concentrations (from0.5 to 2 ppm) was analyzed where the major cell types showed similar cell viability in control and
UCNP-treated samples. Furthermore, this study provides a framework for the use of CyTOF bydescribing an innovative approach for analyzing the effects of nanomaterials on different humanimmune cells.
96

Effect of different ball sizes on particle size variation and grinding kinetic ofcalcite powder using a planetary ball mill with DEM simulation
Bon-guk Koo1, Byung-hoon Lee2, Khulan Uranchimeg3, Battsetseg Jargalsaikhan4,
Ochirkhuyag Bayanjargal5, Amgalan Bor5,Heekyu Choi2,3,6,7*
1

Department of Smart Ocean Mobility Engineering, Changwon National University, Changwon,
Gyoungnam 641-773, Republic of Korea
2
Graduate School of Convergence on Culture Technology, Changwon National University,
Changwon, Gyoungnam 641-773, Republic of Korea
3
Graduate School of Material Science Engineering, Changwon National University, Changwon,
Gyoungnam 641-773, Republic of Korea
4
School of beauty, Citi University, Ulaanbaatar 14200, Mongolia
5
Department of Chemistry and Biological Engineering, School of Engineering and Technology,
National University of Mongolia, Ulaanbaatar 14200, Mongolia
6
Research Institute of Future Convergence, Changwon National University, Changwon,
Gyoungnam 641-773, Republic of Korea
7
Department of Mechatronics Convergence Engineering, College of Future Convergence,
Changwon National University, Changwon, Gyoungnam 641-773, Republic of Korea*Corresponding author: hkchoi99@changwon.ac.kr

The effect of variation of ball sizes on the grinding kinetics of calcite powder was studied
and ball-to-ball and ball-to-wall collision of shear energy and ball impaction was calculated
through a DEM simulation. Also, as the ball size decreases, the contact number increases and theeffect on the powder increases, so we chose 0.3 mm and 3 mm zirconia balls in this study. The
calcite powder particle morphology and size were characterized by scanning electron microscopy(SEM) and particle size analyzer (PSA). The grinding kinetics was calculated by Tanaka’s
equation for ultrafine grinding based on particle size changes of calcite powder using a planetaryball mill. This study showed that grinding kinetic parameters could be different for variation
rotation speed and ball sizes. The effects of ball size and particle size on the grinding kinetic were
quantitatively confirmed.
Keywords: ball size, grinding kinetic, calcite powder, particle size, ball impaction.

97

Enhancing the extraction of rare earth elements (rees) from coal ash throughacid-leaching
Bayardulam Jamiyansuren, Battsengel Baatar1, Baasandorj Myagmarsuren
Affiliation: German-Mongolian Institute for Resources and Technology
Email:bayardulam@gmit.edu.mn, battsengel@gmit.edu.mn, baasandorj@gmit.edu.mn

Rare earth elements (REEs) are crucial for various renewable and clean technologies. As
the global gap between their supply and demand widens, the feasibility of recovering REEs fromsecondary sources increases. Our study focused on coal, fly ash from coal mining deposits in
Mongolia, and thermal power plants.
We analyzed rare earth elements (REEs) and other chemical elements in coal samples fromthe deposit using the inductively coupled plasm-mass spectrometry (ICP-OES) technique andconducted acid-leaching experiments on coal ashes. Additionally, we characterized the mineralogyof coal and fly ash using TESCAN Integrated Mineral Analyzer (TIMA) and X-ray diffractometer(XRD).
Sieve analysis of coal ashes was conducted, determining a P80 of 150 µm through dry sieve
testing and 26 µm through wet sieve testing.
Two acid leaching methods were conducted: direct acid leaching and acid leaching withalkaline pretreatment. We achieved a metal recovery rate of 44.4% with direct acid leaching and62.6% with acid leaching preceded by alkaline pretreatment. This process also resulted in an
increased amount of REEs recovered.

Keywords:Rare Earth Elements, fly ash, coal combustion by-products, acid leaching, alkaline
pre-treatment

98Effect of ball powder ratio variation on particle size distribution andmorphology evolution of calcite powder using a planetary ball mill
Byung-hoon Lee1, Bon-guk Koo2, Khulan Uranchimeg3, Battsetseg Jargalsaikhan4,
Ochirkhuyag Bayanjargal5, Amgalan Bor5,Heekyu Choi1,3,6,7*
1

Graduate School of Convergence on Culture Technology, Changwon National University,
Changwon, Gyoungnam 641-773, Republic of Korea
2
Department of Smart Ocean Mobility Engineering, Changwon National University, Changwon,
Gyoungnam 641-773, Republic of Korea
3
Graduate School of Material Science Engineering, Changwon National University, Changwon,
Gyoungnam 641-773, Republic of Korea
4
School of beauty, Citi University, Ulaanbaatar 14200, Mongolia
5
Department of Chemistry and Biological Engineering, School of Engineering and Technology,
National University of Mongolia, Ulaanbaatar 14200, Mongolia
6
Research Institute of Future Convergence, Changwon National University, Changwon,
Gyoungnam 641-773, Republic of Korea
7
Department of Mechatronics Convergence Engineering, College of Future Convergence,
Changwon National University, Changwon, Gyoungnam 641-773, Republic of Korea*Corresponding author: hkchoi99@changwon.ac.kr

The particle size distribution and particle morphology evolution of calcite powders werestudied as a function of ball to powder ratio. The calcite powders were milled using a planetaryball mill with different ball-to-powder ratios of 20:1 and 40:1 under the same experimental
conditions. The influence of the ball-to-powder ratio on particle size changes and morphologicalevolution of the milled calcite powders has been examined by a particle size analyzer (PSA) andscanning electron microscopy (SEM). The particle size and morphology evolution of calcite
powder changed as ball size and BPR varied. Compared with the samples with a BPR of 20:1 and40:1 under the same experimental conditions, the calcite powders with a BPR of 40:1 experienced
it was de-agglomerated, fabricated finer and uniform powders, and particle size decreased. The
result has been concluded as the increased frequency and intensity of particle and ball collisions.
Keywords: ball-to-powder ratio (BPR), calcite powder, particle size, particle morphology, ball
size.

99

Some results of the technological study to obtain innovative products from theraw materials of mongolian medicine
L.Ariunzaya1, L.Densmaa1, D.Jambaninj1,S.Purevsuren1
Ts.Sarnai2, A.Shiirevnyamba2
1

School of Pharmacy, Mongolian National University of Medical Sciences,2
Graduate School, Mongolian National University of Medical Sciences,E-mail: aanzaa1004@gmail.com Tel: 88096206

Background: Mongolia imports 89.4% of necessary medicines, which shows the need to increase
the number of domestic medicines.
Methods: The powdering degree and absorption coefficient of plant raw materials were definedby I.A.Muraviev and Yu.G.Pshukov ’ s method, moisture was defined by the Mongolian
Pharmacopoeia method, and the flowability was determined by I.A.Muraviev’s method.
Result: The extractives amount was 32.58 ±0.52% in 1mm powdered root of Glycyryrrizauralensis, 31.51±0.49% in the fruit of Rosa acicularis, and 55.26±0.74% in the root of Inula
helenium; 34.45±0.55% in 2mm powdered root of Glycyryrriza uralensis, 32.15±0.85% in the
fruit of Rosa acicularis, and 32.15±0.85% in the root of Inula helenium; 32.81±0.19% was foundin 3mm powdered root of Glycyryrriza uralensis, 31.66±0.34% in the fruit of Rosa acicularis,and 55.82±0.18% in the root of Inula helenium. The internal absorption coefficient (IAC) is 1.778±0.03, the complete absorption coefficient (CAC) is 3.815±0.09 for the root of Glycyryrrizauralensis, the IAC is 1.69±0.01, the CAC is 3.3336±0.07 for the root of Inula helenium, the IAC
is 1.2945±0.01, and the CAC is 2.00 8±0.002 for the fruit of Rosa acicularis. The granules
moisture were 1.31±0.78% for 1st model, 1.91±0.87% for 2nd model, 1.45±0.39% for 3rd model,
and 1.35±0.64% for 4th model. The granules of each model were wholly dissolved in 200 ml of
hot water in 5 minutes. The flowability of granules is 4.3±0.3 g/sec for the 1st model, 3.75±0.59
g/sec for the 2nd model, 3.36±0.41 g/sec for the 3rd model, and 2.5±0.1 g/sec for the 4th model.
Conclusion: The suitable size of the raw material is 2mm. The absorption coefficient was 1.8 forthe root of Glycyryrriza uralensis, 1.3 for the fruit of Rosa acicularis, and 1.7 for the root of Inula
helenium. The granules of the 1st model meet the requirements of technological parameters andquality indicators.
100

Keywords: Glycyryrriza uralensis, Rosa acicularis, inula helenium, granules

101Biosynthesis of silver nanoparticles with antimicrobial activity using novel
yeast strains
Enkhmaa M, Ganzorig Ch, Chinzorig R, Boldbaatar J
Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering, National University of Mongolia,
Ulaanbaatar, Mongolia
Email; boldbaatar_j@num.edu.mn

Yeast strains from Mongolian plants were identified as Candida tropicalis, Candida
norvegensis, and Kloeckera apiculata. These strains produced silver nanoparticles at 30°C in 24
hours. The AgNPs were characterized using NIR spectroscopy, Dynamic Light Scattering (DLS),
and Fourier Transform Infrared (FTIR) analysis. Characterization showed nanoparticles with 54.9
- 108.2nm size and specific chemical markers. FTIR analysis indicated the presence of
biomolecules responsible for AgNPs synthesis, evidenced by particular stretching vibrations at
3425.9-3208.1 cm-1, 1641.5-1638.1 cm-1 , and 2125.6-2108.4cm-1. AgNPs demonstrated strong
antibacterial effects, particularly against Staphylococcus aureus and Escherichia coli.

102

Rare-earth free permanent magnet –transition 3d metal and Si doped iron
phosphide (Fe2P)
N. Otgonzul1, D. Sodkhuu1,2 N. Tsogbadrakh1*, B. Khongorzul1,2, E. Uyanga2, N. Jargalan2,
D. Sangaa2, T. Ochirkhuyag3, N. Batnyam3, D. Odkhuu3, Kh. Odbadrakh4
1

2

Department of Physics, National University of Mongolia, Ulaanbaatar 14201, Mongolia
Institute of Physics and Technology, Mongolian Academy of Sciences, Ulaanbaatar 13330,
Mongolia
3
Department of Physics, Incheon National University, Incheon 22012, South Korea
4
National Institute for Computational Sciences, Oak Ridge, Tennessee 37830, USA

Due to the inherent structural instability, rising costs and limited availability of rare earth(RE) compounds, search of alternative permanent magnetic materials free of RE has become oneof the most pressing fields of research. Iron phosphide (Fe2P) in hexagonal structure has attracted
attention for permamnent magnetic applications due to its large uniaxial magneto-crystalline
anisotropy. The goal of this research is to investigate effects of alloying substitutions on its Curie
temperature, the main limitation of Fe2P alloys for permanent magnet application, while retaining
its high magneto-crystalline anisotropy. In this poster, we will review the properties that make amaterial good permanent magnet, including saturation magnetization, uniaxial magneto-crystalline
anisotropy, maximum energy density product, Curie temperature, and thermodynamic stability. In
addition, we present our approach to designing new rare-earth free permanent magnets that arecomparable to Nd2Fe14B in performance. Finally, we discuss initial findings from our densityfunctional theory calculations on Fe-P-Mn, Fe-P-Si, and Fe-P-Mn-Si alloys.
Acknowledgements
This work is supported by the US Office of Naval Research (ONR), Office of Naval Research
Global (ONRG) and Army International Technology Center, Indo-Pacific (ITC-PAC) under the
ONRG grant N62909-22-1-2045).
*

Corresponding author: Tsogbadrakh@num.edu.mn

103

Theoretical study of rare earth element doped SmFe12 compound
N.Jargalan1, D.Odkhuu1,2, Kh.Odbadrakh3, T.Ochirkhuyag2, D.Sangaa1
1Institute of Physics and Technology, Mongolian Academy of Sciences, Ulaanbaatar, Mongolia
2
Physics department, Incheon National University, Ulsan, Korea
3
National Institute for Computational Sciences, University of Tennessee, Knoxville Oak Ridge
National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, USA

SmFe12 is considered one of the most promising compounds for permanent magnet research
since the discovery of the Nd2Fe14B compound. However, its bulk structure is known to be unstable[1]. Recent theoretical and experimental studies have demonstrated that doping SmFe 12 with small
amounts of Ti and V atoms can stabilize the compound [2-3]. While Ti and V are effective
stabilization elements, they have been found to negatively impact the magnetic properties. To
address this issue, we aim to enhance the magnetic properties by doping the compound with rareearth elements. In this study, we have selected commercially available and cost-effective elements
such as La, Ga, Ce, and Dy. Using the VASP software and employing the density functional theory(DFT) method, we have investigated the potential of these doping elements to improve the stability
and magnetic properties of SmFe12.
a)

Figure 1. SmFe12 crystal structure and total magnetization dependence with dope elements

From the results, dopes other than Gd atoms increased the total magnetic moment of the system
and value of Ku when Ce doped was higher than SmFe12.
[1] Yuta Ainai, et al., Appl. Phys. Express, 13, 045502, 2020
[2] I. Dirba, Y. Harashima, H. Sepehri-Amin, et al., J. Alloys Compd. 813 152224, 2020
[3] Ohashi K., Tawara Y., Osugi R., Sakurai J., et al., J. Less-Common Met. 139, L1, 1998

104

Structural optimization of FeCo alloys by doping elements
A.Uyanga1, N.Jargalan1, E.Uyanga1, D.Sangaa1, G.Tamiraa2
1

Institute of Physics and Technology, Mongolian Academy of Sciences, Ulaanbaatar 13330,
Mongolia2
Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering, National University of Mongolia,
Ulaanbaatar 14201, Mongolia*jargalann@mas.ac.mn

Although FeCo alloys exhibit relatively high saturation magnetization (M s) and Curie
temperature (Tc), their low coercivity (Hc) makes them unsuitable for use as permanent magnets.
Herein, we report on Ti doped FeCo to optimize their structural properties for high-performance
applications. The aim of this study is to investigate how doping with Ti can induce tetragonality
in the FeCo lattice, potentially enhancing the anisotropy and improving the magnetic properties of
the alloy.
The compounds were synthesized using the Spark Plasma Sintering (SPS-Labox 650F)
technique. The fabrication process involved high-purity powders: Co (99.98 wt.%), Fe (99.95
wt.%), and Ti (99.95 wt.%). The precursor powders were prepared using a planetary ball mill
(KGB-0.2) for 6, 12, and 24 hours in an inert Ar gas atmosphere, maintaining a ball-to-powder
mass ratio of 10:1. The sintering process was conducted at 1123 K, applying a pressure of 50 MPa
for 20 minutes. Phase and crystalline structure were explored using X-ray diffraction (XRD,
Shimadzu XRD-7000) analysis with Co-Kα radiation (λ = 1.789 Å).

105

Fig. 1. (a) XRD patterns of pure and Ti-doped FeCo alloys. (b) Zoomed-in view of the FeCo (110) peak. (c) XRD
patterns of the prepared Ti and B doped FeCo alloys.

Analysis of the XRD patterns (Fig. 1a) revealed a single phase of FeCo with a Pm-3m crystal
structure, corresponding to JCPDS No.: 49-1567. Upon doping with Ti, additional peaks
corresponding to TiO2 were observed. However, the intensity of these secondary phase peaks
decreased and the crystallinity of FeCo increased with longer milling times, as seen in Fig. 1b.
The research is funded by Office of Naval Research and Office of Naval Research Global of
the US Department of Defense Grant N62909-22-1-2045.

106

Phytochemical screening of the forage plants and its importance for livestock
animals in mongolia, artemisia sieversiana and chloris virgata as examples
Stipan Nurbyek2 , Toshihiro Murata1 , Kenroh Sasaki1 , Javzan Batkhuu2
1

Division of Pharmacognosy, Tohoku Medical and Pharmaceutical University
2
School of Engineering and Technology, National University of Mongolia

Objective
In Mongolia, plants play a crucial role as traditional medicinal resources and fodder for livestock.
Livestock animals can obtain approximately 90% of their feed from pasture throughout the year.
However, Mongolian rangelands experience extreme temperatures, ranging from -40°C in winterto +40°C in summer, making it difficult to maintain consistent feed availability year- round.
Additionally, around 80% of Mongolia's agricultural sector focuses on animal husbandry, serving
as the primary livelihood for about one-third of the population. Understanding native plants froma phytochemical perspective is essential for finding affordable ways to increase livestock
production, thereby highlighting the critical role of livestock and plants in the country's economy
and sustenance. Therefore, our team have focused on various forage plants, and we would like tointroduce Artemisia sieversiana and Chloris virgata that are considered to play a distinctive roleas pasture for animals under certain conditions
Experimental
We collected Artemisia sieversiana at the beginning of spring and Chloris virgata in the winterseason. After collecting the samples, we prepared crude extracts using an acetone-water (4:1)
mixture and utilized spectroscopic methods for purification. The compounds were then isolated
through repeated fractionation using HPLC. The chemical structures of the purified compounds
were determined using spectroscopic data using NMR and MS and physical properties.
Result and discussion
In our research, we have isolated several novel and bioactive compounds from Artemisia
sieversiana and Chloris virgata, which are important and widely distributed forage plants.
Specifically, some flavonoids and lignans from A. sieversiana demonstrated trypanocidal activities.
Notably, our findings indicate a possibility that we can combat infectious diseases using native
natural resources. The investigations for chemical constituents of Chloris virgata were also
repeated, and major components such as flavonoid C-glycosides were obtained. The focus was ona flavonoid tricin, which was also identified as a common component of Artemisia sieversiana andChloris virgata. Of course, tricin is commonly found in grasses, but the next step in our researchis to investigate the specific effects of these various compounds in plants on animals in Mongolia.

107

Research on the possibility of reducing the soil lead pollution by using
microorganisms
Tuul N.1 , Bayarchimeg B.2 , Tugsjargal B.3 , Bayasgalan E.4 , Enkhjargal G.1 ,Tumenjargal D.4
1

School of Public Health, MNUMS Eclinic of Ulaanbaatar, Mongolia Environmental laboratory,
SVCLaboratory of Mongolia
2
Department of Biology, School of Sciences, NUM
Tuul.n@mnums.edu.mn, 99088193

In Ulaanbaatar City's soil, the main polluters of the surface soil are lead, chromium, andother heavy metals from industrial and mining activities, electric power stations, sewage, andvehicle emissions. Organisms that live in environments polluted by heavy metals do themechanisms of adaptation to survive. Some microorganisms are not only resistant to metal but also
can accumulate it in their cells or detoxify it by reacting with its metabolic products. The purposeof the work was to identify bacteria which can resist to the action of lead salts and to determine
their some activity. In 18 city soil samples, lead was found at 5.9-5132 mg/kg, and 3 points
exceeded the maximum permissible level. Resistant bacteria isolates to varying concentrations ofheavy metals such as lead, zinc, ferric, copper, chromium, and cadmium were determined by agar
dilution method. Lead-resistant bacteria were isolated on medium with PbCl2. There were four
strains can resist to 9 mM of concentration of Lead, to 2 mM of Zinc and to 2 mM of Chromium,can tolerate 1 mM of Iron. The DNA product was amplified by PCR using primers 27F (5`AGAGTTTGATCCTGGCTCAG-3`) and 1492R (5`-TACGGYTACCTTGTTACGACTT-3`). In
liquid media our strain B.thuringiensis MN01 able to reduce the lead concentration up to 46 %within 1 month. Consortium bacteria has been determined in laboratory conditions that it was
active to reduce the concentration of 1 mM of lead to 0 mM after 1 month. Two bacteria was
B.cereus and one was S.paucimobilis.

108Fabrication of P3HT-Based Red Electroluminescent Diodes and Their Opticaland Morphological Studies on Polymer Thin Films
Erdenechimeg Odbat, Choijoo Enkhbaatar, Munkhjin Byambachuluun, Munkh-Erdene ErdeneOchir, Ganzorig Chimed, Delgerjargal Altantsetseg
Department of Chemical and Biological, School of Engineering and Technology
National University of Mongolia, Ulaanbaatar 14201, Mongolia
odbate6@gmail.com, ch_ganzorig@num.edu.mn

This study investigates the fabrication and characterization of a red electroluminescent (EL) device
utilizingacombinationofpoly(3-hexylthiophene)(P3HT)
andtris(8hydroxyquinolinato)aluminum (Alq3) in an ITO/P3HT/Alq3/LiF:Al structure. P3HT was selected
for its strong red photoluminescence properties, and Alq3 was incorporated to facilitate efficientelectron transport. The device exhibited electroluminescence initiation at a threshold voltage of
2.5V. Spectral analysis revealed a peak emission wavelength at 656 nm, closely matching thephotoluminescence spectrum of P3HT, confirming that the red light emission originates from theP3HT layer.
The combination of P3HT and Alq3 in the device structure enhances charge carrier injection andrecombination, resulting in efficient red light emission. These findings highlight the potential of
P3HT and Alq3 for high-performance red light-emitting applications and provide valuable insights
for the design and optimization of red organic light-emitting diodes (OLEDs).
Keywords:
Organic
electronics,
electroluminescent device*

Electroluminescence,

Corresponding author: delgerjargal@num.edu.mn

109

Photoluminescence,RedImproving The Electrical Characteristics of Pentacene Organic Field EffectTransistors with Low-Cost Copper Electrodes by Self-Assembled Monolayer
Modification
Erdenechimeg Odbat1, Tuul Tsagaantsooj1, Daariimaa Odbayar2, Munkh-Erdene ErdeneOchir1, Davaajargal Darambazar1, Zagarzusem Khurelbaatar3, Ganzorig Chimed1, *1Center for Nanoscience and Nanotechnology, School of Engineering and Applied Science,
National University of Mongolia, Mongolia

2

Department of Chemical Engineering, New Mongol Institute of Technology, Mongolia

3

School of Information and Communication Technology, Mongolian University of Scienceand Technology, Mongolia

Abstract
This work explored the possibility to tune the properties of the metal-semiconductor interface inorganic field-effect transistors (OFETs) through insertion of 2,3,4,5,6-Pentafluorothiophenol(PFBT) and octadecyl phosphonic acid (ODPA) self-assembled monolayer on the metal-organicand dielectric organic interface of OFET respectively. The interfaces were modified with theirrespective self-assembled monolayers (SAMs) through immersion method and the modified
surfaces were characterized with contact-angle measurements and atomic force microscopy
measurements. Then, OFETs employing pentacene semiconductor with and without modified
electrodes were fabricated and among them, the devices with PFBT modification demonstrated asuperior operational parameter as opposed to as-prepared OFETs in terms of in saturation fieldeffect mobility going from 0.0002 to 0.0254 cm2 V s-1, and improvement in threshold voltage andon/off-current ratio.
Keywords: Organic field effect transistor, self-assembled monolayer, contact engineering*Corresponding author: ganzorig.ch@seas.num.edu.mn

110Intrinsic room-temperature ferromagnetism in two-dimensional MoSe2
monolayer
T. Ochirkhuyag1, N. Batnyam1, G. Munkhsaikhan2, D. Otgonbayar2,
D. Ganbat3 and D. Odkhuu1,4
1

Department of Physics, Incheon National University, Incheon 22012, South Korea
Department of Physics, School of Applied Sciences, Mongolian University of Science andTechnology 14191, Mongolia
3
Department of Physics, University of Ulsan, Ulsan 44610, South Korea
4
Institute of Physics and Technology, Mongolian Academy of Sciences, Ulaanbaatar 13330,
Mongolia
2

Developing two-dimensional (2D) magnetic semiconductors that exhibit roomtemperature ferromagnetism is a major challenge in materials science and is crucial for advancing
next-generation spintronic devices. In this study, we employ density-functional theory (DFT),
Monte Carlo (MC), and molecular dynamic (MD) simulations to systematically investigate theintrinsic magnetic properties induced by natural defects, specifically Mo vacancies, in MoSe2. Ourfindings reveal that these vacancies result in ferromagnetism, with up to 4 μB per local site ofneighboring atoms. By controlling the inter-vacancy distances, we can manipulate the magnetic
moments, thereby driving a phase transition from a non-magnetic to a ferromagnetic state at room
temperature. Theoretical calculations reveal that the ferromagnetic exchange interactions between
Mo-Mo and Mo-Se atoms are enhanced with increasing distance between Mo vacancies.
Additionally, we explore the impact of magnetic impurities, such as Fe and Co atoms, on the
ferromagnetic properties of MoSe2 monolayers. The introduction of these impurities enhances themagnetic characteristics, particularly leading to higher Curie temperatures (T c) of up to 500 K due
to the strong exchange interaction between Fe-Fe atoms. Achieving intrinsic room-temperature
ferromagnetism in these materials addresses a significant challenge in materials science and opens
new avenues for advanced spintronic applications.

The research is funded by the Office of Naval Research and the Office of Naval Research Globalof the US Department of Defense Grants N62909-23-1-2035.

111

Fe-Ni based alloys as rare-earth free gap permanent magnets
T. Ochirkhuyag1, D. Tuvshin1, T. Tsevelmaa2, S. C. Hong2,
Kh. Odbadrakh3, and D. Odkhuu1,4
1

Department of Physics, Incheon National University, Incheon 22012, South Korea
2
Department of Physics, University of Ulsan, Ulsan 44610, South Korea
3
National Institute for Computational Sciences, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, TN37831, USA
4
Institute of Physics and Technology, Mongolian Academy of Sciences, Ulaanbaatar 13330,
Mongolia

L10-ordered FeNi phase has potential as a rare-earth free permanent magnet due to its large
magnetization and high Curie temperature. However, low long-range crystal ordering and weakmagnetocrystalline anisotropy (𝐾𝑢) impede its practical use in a technologically relevant
permanent magnet. Employing density functional and Monte Carlo simulations, we demonstrate
the substantial improvements on structural and thermal stability, disorder-order phase transition,and intrinsic permanent magnetic properties of Fe−Ni structures. We propose that this isachievable through the complementary elemental substitutions by metal elements (M) andinterstitial doping with 2p elements. Fe1-xMxNi with simple metal (M = Ga and Al) and metalloid(M = Ge and Si) elemental substitutions at x = 0.5 are broadly known as Heusler (L21) structureswith no permanent magnet characteristics. On the contrary, we find that for x = 0-0.5, L10-type
structure is energetically favored over the Heusler-type structures. The predicted structures exhibit
𝐾𝑢 values up to approximately 2.1 MJ/m3, which is roughly three times that of FeNi phase (0.68
MJ/m3), where the absolute value of 𝐾𝑢 depends on the degree of L10 crystal ordering. Interstitial
doping with B elevates 𝐾𝑢 further up to a maximum value of 3.9 MJ/m3 (at 0 K), leading to roomtemperature intrinsic permanent magnetic properties, including maximum energy density product(𝐵𝐻)max, anisotropy field 𝜇0𝐻𝑎, and hardness parameter 𝜅, comparable to the widely investigated
MnBi and MnAl permanent magnets. These results may serve as a guideline in designing Fe−Nibased rare-earth free gap permanent magnetic materials that were previously overlooked.

The research is funded by the Office of Naval Research and the Office of Naval Research Globalof the US Department of Defense Grants N62909-22-1-2045.

112

Production of light hydrocarbons (C2-C4) by hydrogenation of CO2 using CoK/ɣ-Al2O3 catalysts with additional metal promoters (Ba, La, Ce) andcombined supports (Y2O3, TiO2)
Manlaibaatar Purevsuren, Enkhsaruul Byamvajav
Department of Chemistry, School of Arts and Sciences, National University of Mongolia
Manlaibaatarp@icloud.com

This study investigates the conversion of CO2 to C2-C4 hydrocarbons using Co-K/ɣ-Al2O3
catalysts in Fischer-Tropsch synthesis (FT-CO2). The research focused on evaluating the effects ofvarious promoters and supports on CO2 conversion efficiency and C2-C4 selectivity. Specifically,
the catalysts were modified with 1% of the promoters Ba, La, and Ce, and supported on 10% Y 2O3
and 10% TiO2. These modifications aimed to enhance the catalytic properties and performance of
the Co-K/ɣ-Al2O3 system.
Catalysts were prepared using the impregnation method, and their structural and chemical
properties were thoroughly characterized by X-ray diffraction (XRD), temperature-programmedhydrogen reduction (TPR), and CO2 desorption techniques [1]. The primary objective was todetermine how these modifications influence the interaction between the metal and the support,
thereby affecting the active site formation and CO2 activation processes.
The catalyst was mixed with inert SiC in a 1:4 weight ratio to prevent from overheating
due to exothermic reaction, and Fischer-Tropsch catalytic activity was conducted at 350°C. The
hydrogenation of CO2 was performed using a syngas mixture with H2/CO2=3:1 at a pressure of 0.3
MPa and a flow rate of 50 ml·min-1, GHSV=3000 h-1. Gas products were in situ analyzed using a
YL-GC6100 gas chromatograph.
Among the catalysts tested, the Co-K-1Ce/ɣ-Al2O3 catalyst exhibited the highest
performance at an operational temperature of 350°C. It achieved a remarkable CO 2 conversion rateof 44.90%, a C2-C4 hydrocarbon yield of 14.91%, and a selectivity of 37.17% towards C 2-C4hydrocarbons. The study found that the interaction between the cobalt metal and the alumina
support was significantly enhanced by the addition of cerium, which increased the number ofactive sites and facilitated CO2 activation [2].
In contrast, the use of Y2O3 and TiO2 supports primarily boosted CO yield through thereverse-water gas shift reaction, but did not substantially enhance the FT-CO2 synthesis. This
indicates that while these supports can aid in certain reaction pathways, they do not significantly
impact the overall performance in producing C2-C4 hydrocarbons.
113

Ultimately, the addition of cerium emerged as the most effective promoter for enhancing
the catalytic activity of the Co-K/ɣ-Al2O3 system. Meanwhile, the Y2O3 and TiO2 supports had
limited impact on the FT-CO2 synthesis performance, proving the importance of promoter
selection in catalyst design for efficient CO2 conversion.

[1]. Y. Zhu, C. Li, X. Sun, J. Wang, “Preparation, characterization, and catalytic performance of Co/γAl2O3 catalyst in Fischer-Tropsch synthesis,” Journal of Molecular Catalysis A: Chemical, vol. 393, pp.
277-283, 2014.
[2]. A. Karim, A.M. Abdelsayed, S. Al-Thabaiti, A.Y. Obaid, M.S. El-Shall, “Effect of cerium oxide on
the catalytic properties of cobalt-based Fischer-Tropsch catalysts: a TPR, XPS, and FTIR study,” Applied
Catalysis A: General, vol. 348, pp. 119-125, 2008.

114

Dual-defective SnS2: a promising 2D photocatalyst semiconductor for overallwater splitting toward hydrogen fuelBatjargal Sainbileg 1,2 and Michitoshi Hayashi 1,2
1

2

Center for Condensed Matter Sciences, National Taiwan University, Taiwan
Center of Atomic Initiative for New Materials, National Taiwan University, Taiwan

Solar-to-hydrogen fuel conversion through photocatalytic water splitting is a promisinggreen pathway for achieving carbon-neutral and net-zero targets worldwide. In this regard,designing efficient photocatalytic materials that can split water into oxygen and hydrogen isessential. Using quantum-mechanical first-principles calculations, we demonstrate that the dualdefective SnS2 (Ni-SnS2-VS), incorporating both nickel doping and sulfur vacancy, becomes apromising 2D photocatalyst semiconductor compared with pure SnS 2. 1-2 In particular, the NiSnS2-VS monolayer not only displays suitable band alignment that perfectly overcomes the redox
potentials for overall water splitting, but also exhibits enhanced photocatalytic activity, spatial
carrier separation, and a broadened optical absorption spectrum. Therefore, the dual-defective
SnS2 can serve as an efficient photocatalyst for overall water splitting to produce hydrogen fuel.
Remarkably, the dual-defect method can be an effective strategy to enhance the optoelectronic andcatalytic behaviors of 2D materials, offering atomic-scale guidance in the development of solarfuel generation.

[1] B. Sainbileg, Y.-R. Lai, L.-C. Chen, M. Hayashi, Phys. Chem. Chem. Phys. 21, 26292 (2019)[2] B. Sainbileg, M. Hayashi, Chem. Phys. 522, 59 (2019).

115

116

Research on possibility to obtain fuel product from animal fat oil
Enkhtungalag.S1, Otgonzaya.O2, Ariunbold.E2, Monkhoobor.D3, Tugsuu.Ts2
1

Graduate School of National University of Mongolia
Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering, School of Engineering & Technology,
NUM
3
Department of Chemistry, Branch of Natural Science, SAS, National University of Mongolia
2

According to the results of the 2022 livestock census, our country has 71.3 million animals,
and it is believed that one sheep can produce an average of 3-4 kg of fat. Also, we noticed that a
lot of animal fat is discarded during the meat preparation and production, and most families
separate the outer fat of meat when cooking. It is thrown away with garbage and pollutes theenvironment. This waste fat can be used to produce biodiesel fuel to replace imported products.
Biodiesel can be obtained from waste fat oil by transesterification reaction, and biodiesel isreleased at upper phase. On the other hand, biodiesel (BD) can be produced from waste vegetable
oil and mixed with commercial diesel fuel at a ratio of up to 20% by volume if it meets therequirements of biodiesel standards. We are working with the goal of processing this raw materialand creating a technology for the production of products for fuel, including the possibility ofobtaining biodiesel by transesterification reaction.
In this study, sheep tail fat (STF), yak visceral fat (YVF), goat visceral fat (GVF), mutton
soup oil (MSO), and industrial oil (IO) were used as samples. Based on the chemical properties ofeach sample STF and GVF were low acid number (˂3.0). The upper phase was isolated with ayield of 100% and 94.5% by one-step transesterification of those 2 samples. In the other 3 samples
with a high acid number, two-step re-esterification was carried out, and the upper phase was
successfully isolated from YVF and IO with yields of 90.1% and 103%, respectively.
Unfortunately, the reaction wasn't complete and did not isolate the upper phase from the sample
of MSO. This sample was probably polymerized during cooking. It was confirmed that a productwith a low amount of the specific gravity, kinematic viscosity, and freezing temperature wasobtained from the original sample, during the determining the chemical and technical propertiesof the biodiesel (upper phase) and fat oil samples. For example, density of the GVF and thebiodiesel obtained from GVF were 0.936 g/cm3, 0.884 g/cm3, kinematic viscosity were 42.9mm2/s, 9.66 mm2/s, and the freezing temperature was reduced from 33.5oC to 22.8oC, respectively.
Optimum conditions were determined for each sample by varying the reaction time and rotation
speed, respectively, to obtain the biodiesel in maximum yield. The chemical and technical117

parameters of the obtained biodiesel were determined. Also, biodiesel was distilled under vacuum
pressure to determine the content of gasoline and diesel fractions.
Keywords: Animal fat oil, biodiesel, upper phase, transesterification, reaction time, rotation
speed

118

Smart biomaterials and bioresponsive materials
Ts.Khosbayar1

1

Mongolian University of Science and Technology

In this document, we present the run down preparation of our research about can adjustable
color change nanomaterials. This research is based on the study of material strength andnanoparticle changes in the materials.

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Nitrate pollution and its sources in ground and surface waters of central
Mongolia
Ariun-Erdene Namsrai1, Munkhzul Davaadorj1 , Urangoo Badanjunii1,2, Munkhtsetseg
Zorigt3, Anarmaa Sharkhuu3, Tseren-Ochir Soyol-Erdene1*
12School of Engineering and Technology, National University of Mongolia, Mongolia
Institute of Geography and Geoecology, Mongolian Academy of Sciences, Mongolia
3
School of Arts and Sciences, National University of Mongolia, Mongolia*soyol_erdene@num.edu.mn

This research utilized isotope analysis to identify the sources of nitrates in groundwaterand surface waters in Central Mongolia. We selected 34 water samples with previously noted highnitrate concentrations, including lake (n=2), well (n=17), and river and spring samples (n=15).
Nitrate isotope analysis indicated that nitrates in Ishgent Lake were mixed with ammonia
from rainfall, while contamination in some groundwater in Ulaanbaatar's Ger district was likely
due to unsanitary pit latrines. Bacteriological analysis revealed the presence of intestinal pathogens
in some samples.
Out of the 34 samples, 21 were found to pose a high risk of causing non-cancerous diseases
in adults and children due to their nitrate levels. Since most of these waters are used for drinking
purposes, it is essential to implement measures to reduce nitrate levels, eliminate water pollution
sources, and prevent the poisoning of the population.

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Green synthesis and characterization of silver nanoparticles using
Dracocephalum foetidum aqueous extract and evaluation of their antibacterial
and antioxidant activities
Bolor Tsolmon1*, Tsetseg-Erdene Tseveglkhasuren2, Suvdmaa Tuvaanjav2,
Sarangerel Oidovsambuu1
1

Natural product chemistry laboratory, Institute of Chemistry and Chemical Technology,
Mongolian Academy of Sciences, 13330, Mongolia
2
Department of Biology, School of Arts and Sciences, National University of Mongolia,
Ulaanbaatar 14201, Mongolia*Correspondence: bolor_ts@mas.ac.mn, Tel: +976-89080111 (Bolor Tsolmon)

A simple, effective and rapid approach for the green synthesis of silver nanoparticles (DfAgNPs) using aqueous extract of Dracocephalum foetidum and its in vitro antioxidant andantibacterial activities were investigated in this study. Df-AgNPs were featured by UV–visible,
Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy, scanning electron microscopy (SEM), and powdered Xray diffraction (XRD) analyses. The maximum absorption peak was detected at 420 nm. The
average size of Df-AgNPs was 19.99 ± 6.30 nm and their spherical shape was determined by
SEM spectral analysis. Df-AgNPs have the potential of −52.19 mV which indicated the stabilityof nanoparticles as well as repulsion among the particles. Df-AgNPs were found to be very stable
and they did not exhibit sedimentation for over 6 months. Antioxidant activities of Df-AgNPs andthe extract were investigated by the DPPH⦁, ABTS•+ and FRAP assays. The Df-AgNP was founda excellent antioxidant and exhibited a highly biocidal activity against four test pathogens whencompared to aqueous extracts from the D. foetidum. The results obtained indicate that an aqueous
extract of D.foetidum is suitable for synthesizing stable silver nanoparticles, which act as excellent
antioxidants and better antimicrobial agents.
Keywords: Dracocephalum foetidum, aqueous extract, silver nanoparticle, green synthesis,
antioxidant, antibacterial avtivity[1] S. Zhu, H. Meng, Nano Today, 39, 101233 (2021).
[2] X. Liu, JL. Chen, Sci. Rep., 11, 1–12 (2021).
[3] P. Singh, I. Mijakovic, Pharmaceutics, 14, 1 (2022).
[4] N. Kabeerdass, K. Murugesan, Nanomaterials, 12-16, 1–12 (2022).
[5] M. Sharifi-Rad, P. Pohl, Nanomaterials, 10, 1–17 (2020).

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A Correlation between ore mineralogical composition at different depths andbond work index for the Erdenetiin Ovoo Cu-Mo porphyry deposit, Mongolia
Batmunkh Tumen-Ayush¹ , Chinzorig Bavuu² , Davaajargal Darambazar³ , Ganbileg
Davaajav³ , Khaliun Amartuvshin³ ,Tsend-Ayush Tserendagva¹ , Undrakhtamir Alexander¹ , Ganzorig Chimed³
1

2

Erdenet Mining Corporation SOE, Orkhon Province, Erdenet 61027, Mongolia
Department of Mining Technology, School of Geology and Mining Engineering, Mongolian
University of Science and Technology, Ulaanbaatar 14191, Mongolia³Center for Nanoscience and Nanotechnology, Department of Chemical and Biochemical
Engineering, School of Applied Sciences and Engineering,
National University of Mongolia, Ulaanbaatar 14201, Mongolia

The Erdenetiin Ovoo Cu-Mo porphyry deposit in Mongolia is the nation's largest coppermine. This study investigates the grinding properties of biotite granodiorite (BGDP) andgranodiorite (GDIR) rock alteration with depth, focusing on their mineral composition correlation.
Bond Work Index (BWI) tests were applied to Cu-Mo porphyry ore from the Erdenet Mining
Corporation. Samples were collected from 10 composites at 5 depth levels (~90 m intervals)
between 1175 m and 725 m. Analytical and mineralogical characterizations of BGDP and GDIR
ores were performed using X-ray fluorescence (XRF) and X-ray diffractometer (XRD) methods.
The chemical data indicated that Cu and Mo percentages in both BGDP and GDIR decreased withdepth. XRD data on mineral composition were used to set up a BWI estimation model, showing alinear correlation with measured BWI. The results revealed strong correlations between major
mineral phases and BWI values, integrating ore hardness and mineralogical data.

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Towards mineralogical characterization of the flotation products using
automated mineral liberation analysis at the “Erdenetiin ovoo” Cu-Mo
porphyry deposit, Mongolia

Batmunkh Tumen-Ayush

The flotation process is used to extract copper-molybdenum sulfide minerals from ore. The
selection of the flotation technology scheme largely depends on factors such as the composition of
sulfide ore in the ore body, grain size, and characteristics of the ore mineral association. The
chemical and mineralogical analysis of flotation products was collected from the “Erdenetiin Ovoo”
Cu-Mo Porphyry Deposit (Erdenet Mining Corporation SOE, Mongolia). Erdenetiin Ovoo is thelargest porphyry copper-molybdenum deposit in Mongolia. The aim of this study was todemonstrate the occurrence mechanism of copper minerals in flotation tailing using the fully
automated TIMA (Tescan Integrated Mineral Analyzer). The chemical analysis of the flotation
products (feed, concentrates and tailings) sample was conducted by X-ray fluorescence, and themineralogical composition of the flotation feed sample was characterized using X-ray diffraction.
The copper content of the flotation tailing was 0.024%. Mineralogical characterization results
showed that almost all copper minerals occurred within coarse gangue particles, the primary andsecondary copper minerals were accumulated in the size fractions less than 150 µm and 13.5 µm,
respectively. The finest grain size distribution was observed in secondary copper particles of size
-19 µm. Chalcopyrite was the main copper-bearing mineral and it was closely associated with Kfeldspar and silicate in the flotation tailings. The flotation tailing sample still contained 24.1wt%
liberated primary copper (chalcopyrite) and 24.13wt% secondary copper due to their extremely
fine grain size particle. The mineral map derived from TIMA analysis revealed that copper
minerals mainly occurred as finely disseminated and fully enclosed structures within gangueminerals. The information obtained from this research has the potential to provide valuable insights
into the recovery of residual copper from flotation tailings.

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Theoretical study of rare earth element doped SmFe 12 compound
Bulganchimeg Unentogtokh1, Altantuya Ochirkhuyag2, Ganzorig Chimed1
1

Center for Nanoscience and Nanotechnology, Department of Chemical and Biochemical
Engineering, School of Applied Sciences and Engineering, National University of Mongolia,
Ulaanbaatar 14201, Mongolia
2
Laboratory of Material Science and Technology, Institute of Chemistry and Chemical
Technology, Mongolian Academy of Sciences, 13330, Mongolia

In this research work, the results of obtaining mesoporous silica oxide nanoparticles withhigh surface area by sol-gel method and precipitation method with surfactants and their surface
and physicochemical properties were compared.
When mesoporous silica oxide was extracted from sodium silicate and analyzed by surface
area and porosity analyzer, the material obtained by sol-gel method had a surface area of 128.7m2∙g-1, a pore diameter of 15.5 nm, and a pore volume of 0.8 cm2∙g-1. The obtained material
obtained using cetyltrimethylammonium bromide (CTAB) activator has a surface area of 422.8
m2∙g-1, a pore diameter of 3.6 nm, and a pore volume of 0.5 cm2∙g-1, respectively. It wasdetermined that mesoporous silica oxide was synthesized by the above methods. When measuring
the zeta potential, the colloidal solution has good stability, and the high purity according to X-ray
diffractometer and infrared spectrometer analysis shows that it is suitable for use as an absorbent
material for organic pollution and heavy metals.

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Controlled growth of tmds films using
Atmospheric pressure chemical vapor deposition
Ganchimeg Yunden1, Anar Ganzorig1, Munkhpurev Bat-Amgalan1, Munkhsaikhan
Gonchigsuren2, Jamiyanaa Dashdorj3, Battogtokh Jugdersuren4
1

Department of Chemical Engineering, Mongolian University of Science and Technology,
Ulaanbaatar, Mongolia
2
Department of Physics, Mongolian University of Science and Technology, Ulaanbaatar,
Mongolia
3
Science Department, Chatham University, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, USA
4
Jacobs Engineering Group, Hanover, Maryland, USA
ganchimeg.yu@must.edu.mn

Transition metal chalcogenides (TMDs) show significant promise for next-generation
advanced optics and electronic devices, driven by recent advancements. A comprehensive
understanding of the growth kinetics of these materials is essential for the development of lab-onchip devices. This study focuses on the growth of mono- and multi-layered WS2, a prominent
TMD, using the NaCl-promoted atmospheric pressure chemical vapor deposition technique on
SiO2/Si substrates. The experiment was conducted in a three-temperature zone furnace CVD
system with a diameter of 40 mm of the quartz tube. It was operated under atmospheric pressureand hydrogen-free conditions, The growth process was systematically explored by varying
parameters such as crystal growth temperature, nucleation time, and catalyst concentrations.
Atomic force microscopy (AFM) and Raman spectroscopy identified mono-, few-, and multi-layer
WS2. Increasing substrate temperature and deposition time induced screw dislocations, forming
three-dimensional spiral step edges (0.7 nm to 3 nm heights) in hexagonal and triangular patterns.
Dominant Raman peaks at 419 cm-1 and 349 cm-1 indicate precise control over mono and layered
TMD formation. By examining the frequency differences between the E2g and A1g modes, we
identified the sample thickness. We observed that as the reaction time increased from 3 to 50
minutes, the frequency difference of the peaks at 350 cm-1 (E2g) and 420 cm-1 (A1g) increased from66.5 to 69.8 cm-1. Simultaneously, the peak intensity ratio increased from 1.6 to 4.4. Based onthese observations, monolayers and bilayers are predominant in our samples. Additionally, we
noticed that the size of the flakes decreases with decreasing reaction time. Therefore, reaction time
is a critical parameter affecting the thickness and size of WS 2. The Raman analysis results of theeffect of the NaCl weight ratio on WS2 growth confirmed that NaCl can promote growth in the125synthesis. We observed induced screw dislocations in the form of hexagonal and triangular patterns
at higher temperatures (>1020oC) and longer deposition times (> 25 min).

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