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はじめに
2050 年のカーボンニュートラルに向けては、洋上風力をはじめとした再生可能エネ
ルギーの普及拡大が欠かせない中、本年３月１２日には、我が国の排他的経済水域（EEZ）における洋上風力の案件形成を促進等するための「海洋再生可能エネルギー発電設備の整備に係る海域の利用の促進に関する法律の一部を改正する法律案」が閣議決定されるなど、より幅広い海域における洋上風力の普及促進が求められる。
遠浅の海が少ない我が国において、豊富に存在する洋上風力発電のポテンシャルを最大限生かすためには、深海域にも対応可能な浮体式洋上風力発電の普及拡大が欠かせないところ。
欧州においては、着床式の適地への設置が進み、残されたポテンシャルが限られてきたところ、英国、ノルウェーを中心に浮体式洋上風力の実証が進み、大規模な発電所のライセンスの付与が行われるなど、浮体式洋上風力発電の本格的な普及に向けた動きが始まりつつある。
他方で、浮体の製造をはじめとしたサプライチェーンの課題も浮き彫りになっており、港湾などにおける検討も進められている。
このような背景を受け、本調査は、欧州における浮体式洋上風力発電に係るプロジ
ェクトの動向、ライセンスの付与に係る募集の動向、浮体の製造拠点に係る検討の動向をまとめたものである。
本調査報告書が関係各位の参考となれば幸いである。

目次

はじめに

1.

まとめ ................................................................................................................................... 1

2.

European floating offshore wind project pipeline ................................................................ 3

3.

4.

2.1.

Background of European floating offshore wind ........................................................... 3

2.2.

Categorisation of floating offshore wind projects ......................................................... 4

2.3.

Fully commissioned projects .......................................................................................... 5

2.4.

Projects under construction, pre-construction, and in consenting stages .................... 7

2.4.1.

Under construction ................................................................................................ 7

2.4.2.

Pre-construction and in consenting stages ............................................................ 8

2.5.

Early concept projects with site exclusivity ................................................................. 12

2.6.

Projects in the early concept stage without site exclusivity ........................................ 13

Future floating development opportunities in Europe ....................................................... 29
3.1.

United Kingdom – Celtic Sea leasing round ................................................................. 29

3.2.

France – Sud de la Bretagne II (South of Brittany 2) .................................................... 29

3.3.

2024 floating wind tenders in Spain and Portugal ....................................................... 29

Research on planned European manufacturing bases........................................................ 33
4.1.

Wind Works Jelsa, (Norway) ........................................................................................ 33

4.2.

Port Talbot (Wales, United Kingdom) .......................................................................... 37

4.3.

Ardersier port transformation (Scotland, UK) ............................................................. 40

4.4.

Port of Cromarty Firth upgrades (Scotland, UK) .......................................................... 40

4.5.

Port of Nigg (Scotland, UK) .......................................................................................... 41

4.6.

Port of Leith (Scotland, UK).......................................................................................... 42

4.7.

Fos sur Mer (France) .................................................................................................... 42

4.8. Norway offshore wind – a report has identified 14 installation and assembly ports foroffshore wind with plans before 2030 .................................................................................... 43
5.

Existing clusters and investment schemes in floating offshore wind ................................. 45

6.

5.1.

Deep Wind, North of Scotland Offshore Wind Cluster (Scotland, UK) ........................ 45

5.2.

Bretagne Ocean Power, (Brittany, France) .................................................................. 45

5.3.

Wind’Occ, (Montpelier, France)................................................................................... 45

5.4.

UK Floating Offshore Wind Manufacturing Investment Scheme (FLOWMIS) ............. 46

Floating offshore wind manufacturing facilities outside of Europe .................................... 47
6.1.

Humboldt Bay Project (California, US) ......................................................................... 47

6.2.

Sears Island Port Facility (Maine, US) .......................................................................... 47

1.

まとめ
本調査においては、欧州における浮体式洋上風力発電プロジェクトをプロジェクトのフェーズ毎に網羅的に整理するとともに、浮体式が含まれる今後のライセンス募集に係る情報をまとめ、さらには、欧州において検討されている浮体式洋上風力発電の建造インフラの整備に係るプロジェクトについて調査・整理を行った。
報告書の第２章では、欧州における浮体式洋上風力プロジェクトについて、設置済
みのもの、建設中のもの、許認可手続中のもの、海域使用権を取得済みもの、初期段階のものに分けて整理等を行っている。
2023 年時点において、欧州では、209MW の浮体式洋上風力発電が設置済であり、そのうち 100MW がノルウェー、79.5MW が英国に所在している。
さらに、開発の初期段階を超えて、許認可の手続を開始済（建設中を含む）のプロ
ジェクトが 21 件存在する。この段階のプロジェクトの必ずしもすべてが実際に設置されるとは限らないが、その中には、英国における 500MW 規模のプロジェクトや、スウェーデンにおける 2GW 超のプロジェクトが複数含まれている。
加えて、ライセンスの公募等を経て海域の独占使用権を付与されたプロジェクトは48 件存在しており、その多くが英国、イタリアのものである。英国においてはスコッ
トランドにおける ScotWind（合計 20 海域、30GW の設備容量）が特に大規模なプロジ
ェクトを擁している。まだ FID 等のスケジュールが明らかになっていないものが大半だ
が、イタリアにおいても、1GW 超のプロジェクトが複数存在している。
その他、検討の熟度は様々だが、初期段階のプロジェクトが 237 件存在する。前述の国々に加えてスペイン、アイルランド、フィンランド、ポルトガル、フランスなど
でも活発に検討が行われており、これらの国が、今後、浮体式洋上風力の市場となり得る可能性がある。
報告書の第３章では、今後のライセンス募集に係る情報をまとめた。30GW のうち
19.3GW を浮体式としている ScotWind の成功に続く形で、2025 年の英国ケルト海の募集など浮体式を念頭においた募集が行われることが想定されている。
報告書の第４部以降では、浮体式洋上風力発電の製造拠点に係るプロジェクトを調査・整理した。これらのプロジェクトは欧州の港湾が中心となっている。英国では、

1

ScotWind や INTOG のプロジェクトによる浮体式洋上風力発電の開発に対応するため、既に複数の港湾が設備の改良を計画している。その他、ノルウェーやフランスにおいても、浮体式に特化した製造拠点の検討が行われている。加えて、既存のクラスター
や米国における取組についても、背景情報として簡潔に調査・整理を行った。

2

2.

European floating offshore wind project pipeline

2.1. Background of European floating offshore wind
Offshore wind (OSW) has emerged as a cornerstone in the plans of many countries to increase
the capacity of low carbon electricity generation and reach net zero targets. In the last thirty years,
OSW has been deployed at a commercial scale and demonstrated that it can be a cost-effective,
reliable source of electricity. Both bottom-fixed offshore wind, which is most suitable for shallow
waters, and floating offshore wind (FOW), which uses floating foundations that are tethered to theseabed with mooring and anchor configurations and is most suitable in deeper waters, haveemerged as electricity generation solutions that are integral to future electricity generation plans.
An estimated 80% of OSW potential globally is within waters with a depth greater than 60m 1. The
International Energy Agency (IEA) in 2019 estimated that FOW in the optimal locations would be
able to reach the wind potential to meet the world’s total energy demand eleven times over by
20402. Despite this potential, floating wind is a less mature technology than bottom-fixed offshorewind, and the industry is in relatively early stages of deployment. Those projects to date that havebeen installed at commercial scale, or any scale of more than 100 MW, are exclusively bottomfixed.
In the past fifteen years, there have been several significant projects in European floating offshore
wind deployment. The first FOW pilot was the Norwegian Hywind demonstrator in 2009, andHywind Scotland became the first pre-commercial wind farm, with 5 x 6 MW turbines, in 2017.
Newer projects, including Kincardine (50 MW) and Hywind Tampen (95 MW), have further
progressed the industry with increasing project capacities, further highlighting the future potentialof floating offshore wind to reach commercial scales. Following the success of these precommercial projects, the European market is progressing with leasing rounds for FOW sites, andsome countries have set specific floating offshore wind deployment targets 3.
At present Europe is the leading continent for floating offshore wind deployment. France, Norway,
Portugal, Spain, Sweden, and the United Kingdom have fully commissioned projects atdemonstrator or pre-commercial scale (see Table 1). As of 2023, a total of 209 MW of net FOW
has been installed throughout Europe with Norway having a total installed capacity of 100 MW
and the United Kingdom following shortly behind with 79.5 MW.

1

Global Wind Energy Council, 2022, Floating Offshore Wind – A global opportunity. Source: link.
International Energy Agency, 2019, Offshore Wind Outlook 2019. Source: link.
3
Wind Europe, 2021, Innovations in floating wind technologies key to further cost reductions. Source:
link.
2

3

France, 2UnitedKingdom, 79.5
Norway100.9

Sweden, 0.03
Spain, 2
Portugal, 25France

図1

NorwayPortugal

Spain

SwedenUnited Kingdom

Total installed capacity of floating offshore wind in Europe in 2023, in MW4250

Total capacity (MW)

209.4
200
150
112.4 112.4
100
61.3
32.3 36.3 36.3

50
2.3

2.3

2.3

2.3

2.3

2.3

2.3

2.3

0
2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014 2015 2016 2017 2018 2019 2020 2021 2022 2023

図2

Cumulative floating offshore wind capacity in Europe4

2.2. Categorisation of floating offshore wind projects
To explain the status of FOW deployment in Europe, projects have been categorised in terms of
their stage in the project life cycle. Projects progress from early concept (with and without site
exclusivity) to the development stage (consent application submitted and consent
authorised), to pre-construction, under construction, and finally fully commissioned.

4

4COffshore database, Accessed January 2024

4

The definitions of each category are provided below:


Early concept: This is the preliminary stage of the project, pre-application tasks aretaken such as environmental impact assessments and feasibility studies to help
establish an appropriate design. Within this stage, it is likely that many of these projects
will not reach fruition due to proposals being declined by authorities or becoming
dormant due to them not being financially viable. Site exclusivity has not yet been
granted.



Early concept with site exclusivity: The project has been granted site exclusivity; thedevelopers have gained development rights for a stipulated area of the seabed.

The Development stage can be split into consent application submitted andconsent authorised: The consent application submitted outlines that the application isawaiting a final decision from authorities. The consent authorised indicates thatapproval has been granted and that construction can take place if the developer iswilling. The overall development stage can take between three and five years 5.

Pre-construction: The project has reached financial close or made a final investment
decision following the designing of the OWF and the establishment of a construction
strategy. The pre-construction phase typically lasts between one to three years.



Under construction: Construction is in progress and none of the turbines are currently
energised. Construction encompasses building components, adding anchor points,
laying submarine cables, and installing connections to substations. The construction
phase can last between two to four years.



Fully commissioned: The components are installed, and the turbines are generating
electricity to the grid.

For the purposes of this report, we have outlined projects in the order of most advanced first to
least advanced. I.e., the fully commissioned projects are included first, and projects that are early
concepts are included last.

2.3. Fully commissioned projects
表 1 details fully commissioned floating offshore wind projects in Europe.

5

Iberdola, Construction of an offshore wind plant. Source: link.

5表1

Fully commissioned floating offshore wind projects in Europe6

Country

Project Name

Total
Power
Rating(MW)

FranceFloatgen Project

2

2

1

30-30

Barge - Concrete

17/01/2014

N/A7

19/09/2018

BW Ideol (16.7%), Universität Stuttgart(16.7%), Fraunhofer-Gesellschaft (16.7%),
RSK Environment (16.7%), ZabalaInnovation (16.7%), École Centrale deNantes (16.7%)

NorwayHywind Tampen

95

8.6

11

250300Spar Floater Concrete

08/04/2020

11/10/2019

23/08/2023

Equinor (42.1%), Petoro (30%), OMV(9.5%), Eni (9.3%), INPEX (4.8%),
Wintershall DEA (4.3%)

NorwayTetraSpar Demonstrator Metcentre

3.6

3.6

1

203211Semi-Spar - Steel

05/10/2018

13/02/2019

01/12/2021

Shell (46.2%), TEPCO (30%), RWE(23.1%)

NorwayUNITECH Zefyros by Hywind
Technology

2.3

2.3

1

220220Spar Floater Steel

01/01/2006

01/05/2008

01/12/2009

UNITECH Offshore

Portugal

WindFloat Atlantic (WFA)

25

8.4

3

100100Semi-Submersible
Platform - Steel

01/08/2010

01/02/2018

22/07/2020

Ocean Winds (84.6%), Repsol (14.2%),
Principle Power (1.2%)

Spain

DemoSATH - BIMEP

2

2

1

68-68

Barge - Concrete

01/11/2021

08/02/2020

18/09/2023

Saitec Offshore Technologies (33.3%),
RWE (33.3%), Kansai Electric Power Co.
(33.3%)

SwedenSeaTwirl S1

0.03

0

1

125125

Spar Floater Steel

13/03/2015

N/A

06/10/2015

Ehrnberg Solutions AB

United Kingdom

Hywind Scotland Pilot Park

30

6

5

96-110Spar Floater Steel

30/10/2013

03/11/2015

18/10/2017

Equinor (75%), Masdar (25%)

United Kingdom

Kincardine - phase 1

2

2

1

52-61

Semi-Submersible
Platform

30/06/2014

N/A

24/10/2018

Vinci

United Kingdom

Kincardine - phase 2

47.5

9.5

5

52-100Semi-Submersible
Platform

30/06/2014

01/06/2020

19/10/2021

Vinci

WTG
Capacity (MW)

Numberof
Turbines

Water
Depth
(m)

Floating
Foundation TypeSite
Exclusivity

Final
Investment
Decision

Date inoperation

6

4COffshore database, Accessed January 2024
N/A – no information available

7

6

Project Owner2.4. Projects under construction, pre-construction, and in consenting stages
2.4.1. Under construction
At present, there are just two European FOW projects under construction, both of which are in France.
The two projects have a combined capacity of 30.2 MW (図 3). The French government has set an
ambitious target of 2 Gigawatts (GW) installed each year from 2025 and 40GW by 2050 8.
The FOW projects currently under construction are the Eolink 5 MW demonstrator and the Provence
Grand Large (PGL) with an estimated 25.2 MW capacity.
The Eolink 5 MW demonstrator will generate at least 14GWh per year and is a ¾ scale prototype of asemi-submersible steel platform turbine9.
PGL on the other hand will be a larger project using 3 x 8.4 MW turbines.
The project will provide the equivalent of the electricity needs of 45,000 households and will be the firsttime a tension leg platform has been used in floating offshore wind 10.

図3

Concept image of the Eolink 5 MW demonstrator that is currently under construction 11

8

French Department of Ecological Transition, Offshore wind. Source: link.
Eolink, 2020, 5NW – Pre-commercial demonstrator. Source: link.
10
Provence Grand Large, 2023, Les trois éoliennes flottantes de Provence Grand Large ont été installées en mer
avec succès. Source: link.
11
Eolink, 2020, 5MW FOWT demonstrator to be tested at Centrale Nantes’ SEM-REV offshore wind test site.
Source: link.
9

7

図4

A concept image of one of the turbines of the Provence Grand Large project122.4.2. Pre-construction and in consenting stages
The United Kingdom has seven projects split across the consent authorised and consent application
submitted stages. Six of these projects will use semi-submersible foundations and one will use a tension
leg platform. The United Kingdom has implemented a target of up to 5 GW of new floating wind projects
by 2030 and up to £160m of investment in floating offshore manufacturing and currently has the largest
pipeline of floating projects in development.1314 Additional projects in these stages in Europe can befound in Denmark, Ireland, Norway, and Sweden (図 5). It should be noted that there is a likelihood that
not all projects in these stages will be constructed. The total projected capacity of projects in theconstruction and pre-construction stages demonstrates over 8,000 MW planned in Sweden (図 6).
43Consent Application
Submitted

2Consent Authorised

1
Pre-Construction0

図5

Under Construction

The total number of projects in Europe in the construction and pre-construction stages4

12

Provence Grand Large, L’installation en mer des éoliennes flottantes. Source: link.
HM Government, 2023, Offshore Wind Net Zero Investment Roadmap. Source: link.
14
Ore Catapult, 2023, Ore Catapult’s Floating Offshore Wind Offering. Source: link.
138

10,000
8,760

9,000

Total capacity (MW)

8,000
7,000
6,000
5,000
4,000
3,000
2,000
948
1,000

0

90

-

82

Denmark

FranceIreland

Norway-図6

SwedenUnitedKingdom

The total project capacity (in MW) of projects in Europe in the construction
and pre-construction stage49

表2Country

Projects under construction, pre-construction, and consenting stages15

Project Name

Total
Power
Rating(MW)

WTG
Capacity(MW)

Numberof
Turbines

Water
Depth
(m)

Floating
Foundation
Type

03/12/2020

01/12/2022

30/09/2024

12/07/2023

Site
Exclusivity

FID

Date inoperation

Projected
construction
start date

FranceEOLINK 5 MW
Demonstrator

5

5

1

33-33

SemiSubmersible
Platform SteelFranceProvence
Grand Large

25.2

8.4

3

97-99

Tension Leg
Platform Steel

03/11/2016

28/11/2021

01/03/2024

23/05/2023

France

EolMed

30

10

3

50-72

Barge Steel

22/07/2016

06/05/2022

01/07/2025

31/12/2024

60-82

SemiSubmersible
Platform Steel

03/11/2016

26/01/2022

01/09/2024

01/03/2024

17/09/2020

24/02/2021

N/A

01/01/2026

10

3

ACCIONA(24.5%), Breizh
Up, Crédit
Agricole, FinistèreAngels, VALOREM
EDF (50%),
Enbridge (25%),
CPPIB (25%)
Qair (75%),
TotalEnergies(20%), BW Ideol(5%)
Ocean Winds(80%), Caisse desdépôts etconsignations(20%)
Aker (63.8%),
UNITECH
Offshore (10.95%),
Bouygues Travaux
Publics (7.1%),
Iberdrola (6.1%),
DTU (2.4%),
METCentre(2.3%), EDF(1.9%), CENER(1.7%), ZabalaInnovation (1.7%),
CoreMarine (1.4%)
Ehrnberg Solutions
AB

Project
stage

Under
Construction

Under
Construction
PreConstruction

PreConstruction

FranceGolfe du Lion

NorwayFLAGSHIP Metcentre

11

11

1

203-211

SemiSubmersible
Platform Concrete

NorwaySeaTwirl S2

1

1

1

100-100

Spar Floater- Steel

11/09/2020

N/A

01/09/2024

01/05/2024

NorwayMETCentre
futureproject(s)placeholder

70

0

6

209-252

Floating
substructure
undecided

N/A

N/A

N/A

N/A

METCentre

Consent
Authorised

SwedenSotenäs
Offshore Park

10

10

1

45-48

Tension Leg
Platform Steel

18/09/2020

N/A

N/A

N/A

FLOWOCEAN

Consent
Authorised

15

30

Project Owner

4COffshore database, Accessed January 2024

10

PreConstruction

PreConstruction

United
Kingdom

Blyth Offshore
Demonstrator- phase 2

58.4

14

5

52-58

UnitedKingdom

Erebus

100

18

7

65-85

UnitedKingdomPentland

100

18

5

74-77

UnitedKingdomPentland
Floating
Offshore Wind
Demonstrator

15

15

1

74-97

DenmarkÆrø
Demonstration

0.011

0.011

1

4-6

Ireland

SmartBay

0

0

3

21-21

SwedenCirrus

2,550

15

167

62-71

SwedenDyning

2,500

15

167

100-137

SwedenMareld

2,500

15

165

185-453

SwedenPoseidon
Nord

1,200

20

81

61-222

UnitedKingdom

Avalon

15

15

1

N/A

UnitedKingdom

Green Volt

560

16

35

100-115

UnitedKingdom

White Cross

100

18

8

69-70

SemiSubmersible
Platform
SemiSubmersible
Platform Steel
SemiSubmersible
Platform Steel
SemiSubmersible
Platform Steel
SemiSubmersible
Platform Steel
Mixed(fixed andfloating)
Mixed(fixed andfloating)
SemiSubmersible
Platform Steel
SemiSubmersible
Platform Steel
Floating
substructure
undecided
Tension Leg
Platform Steel
SemiSubmersible
Platform
SemiSubmersible
Platform

06/08/2010

N/A

01/01/2026

01/01/2024

EDF (51%),
Tenaga Nasional(49%)

Consent
Authorised

19/08/2020

01/10/2024

N/A

01/01/2027

TotalEnergies(80%), Simply Blue
Group (20%)

Consent
Authorised

01/01/2017

01/01/2025

01/01/2027

01/04/2026

CIP (90%),
Hexicon (10%)

Consent
Authorised

01/01/2017

01/01/2025

01/12/2025

01/07/2025

CIP (90%),
Hexicon (10%)

Consent
Authorised

24/08/2023

N/A

N/A

01/01/2025

H2mill ApS

Consent
Application
Submitted

N/A

N/A

N/A

N/A

Marine Institute

N/A

N/A

N/A

N/A

Mainstream (50%),
Hexicon (50%)

N/A

01/01/2027

01/01/2030

01/01/2028

Mainstream (50%),
Hexicon (50%)

Consent
Application
Submitted

N/A

01/01/2027

01/01/2031

01/01/2028

Hexicon (50%),
Mainstream (50%)

Consent
Application
Submitted

N/A

31/12/2028

01/01/2033

01/01/2031

Vattenfall (85%),
Zephyr (15%)

N/A

N/A

N/A

N/A

Ping Petroleum Plc(50%), CeruleanWinds (50%)

24/03/2023

01/01/2025

01/08/2028

01/01/2026

TEPCO (50%), Eni(50%)

27/07/2021

01/01/2025

01/01/2027

01/01/2025

Vinci (81%),TEPCO (19%)

Legend: Successful projects from the 2022 Scotwind rounds are denoted in blue and successful INTOG projects are in purple.

11

Consent
Application
Submitted
Consent
Application
Submitted

Consent
Application
Submitted
Consent
Application
Submitted
Consent
Application
Submitted
Consent
Application
Submitted

2.5. Early concept projects with site exclusivity
In Europe, the United Kingdom, Italy, Spain, and France have projects in the early concept stage thathave also been granted site exclusivity (図 7・図 8). This means that, whilst the projects have a site
designated for project development, they are not yet in the consenting stages. This is only possible inmarkets where developers apply for consent after receiving site exclusivity, and conducting additional
surveys on the site, a more decentralised approach. For the UK projects, some of these projects havecome in recent leasing rounds such as ScotWind and Innovation and Targeted Oil & Gas (INTOG).
The results of ScotWind were announced in 2022, with 17 successful sites (a mixture of bottom-fixed andfloating offshore wind) comprising a total capacity of around 25GW. Three additional sites were included
in a clearing round, giving a total number of 20 sites and 30GW capacity16. The 2022 Innovation andTargeted Oil and Gas (INTOG) leasing round was designed to encourage offshore wind innovation andsupport decarbonisation of oil and gas infrastructure. 19 bids were received (10 for Innovation and 9 forTargeted Oil and Gas), with 5 innovation sites and 8 targeted oil and gas sites successful17.

35

31

Number of projects

30
25
20
13

15
10

3

5

1

0
United Kingdom

図7

16
17

Italy

Spain

FranceNumber of early concept projects with site exclusivity4

Offshore Wind Scotland, ScotWind leasing round. Source: link
Offshore Wind Scotland, INTOG leasing round. Source: link12

30,000
26,785

Total capacity (MW)25,00020,00015,00012,54910,000
5,000

51

3

Spain

FranceUnited Kingdom

図8

Italy

Projected capacity in MW of early concept projects with site exclusivity4

2.6. Projects in the early concept stage without site exclusivity
There are an estimated 237 FOW projects in Europe in the early concept stage. Early concept projects
are in preparatory stages, and minimal information has been released on these projects to date. In somecases, this includes whether these will be floating or bottom-fixed projects, and some projects have sites
in water depths where both may be possible. Where projects are assumed to be floating based on water
depth but have not specified this publicly, these have been denoted within the table as “Not specified(Assumed to be floating)”.
It is expected that many of the projects in the early concept stage will not reach full commissioning, as
there are numerous development stages to pass before this is possible, and final investment decisions
will need to be taken. In Europe at present, Italy, Spain, and the United Kingdom have the greatest numberof projects and greatest potential capacity in MW, in the early concept stages (図 9・図 10).

13

80

Number of projects

70
60
50
40
30
20
10
0

図9

Total number of projects in early concept stages without site exclusivity4

80,000Total capacity (MW)70,00060,00050,00040,00030,00020,00010,000-

図 10

Projected capacity in MW of projects in the early concept stages without site exclusivity4

14

表3

Projects in the early concept stage with site exclusivity18

Country

Project nameTotal
capacity(MW)

WTG
capacity(MW)

Numberofturbines

Water
fepth (m)Floating foundation typeSiteexclusivity

FID

Date inoperation

Project ownerFrance

AFLOWT (Accelerating
market uptake of
Floating Offshore Wind
Technology)

3

3

1

52-63

Semi-Spar - Steel

25/11/2015

N/A

2027

N/A

Italy

Barium Bay

1,110

15

74

50-57

31/12/2022

N/A

01/12/2030

Hope Group (50%), Galileo
Energy (50%)

Italy

Brenda Energia

741

19

28

101-134

15/05/2023

N/A

N/A

Fred. Olsen

Italy

Eureka Wind

570

15

38

134-200

03/11/2023

N/A

N/A

Hope Group

Italy

Euribia

660

15

44

132-139

11/08/2023

N/A

N/A

3 Green

Italy

Lupiae Maris

525

15

35

94-119Semi-Submersible Platform

31/12/2022

N/A

01/12/2030

Hope Group (50%), Galileo
Energy (50%)

495

15

33

N/A

Semi-Submersible Platform Steel

20/07/2022

N/A

~2026

Repower Renewable S.p.A.

2,000

25

86

142-1000

Semi-Submersible Platform

19/01/2023

N/A

N/A

1,350

25

54

184-720

Semi-Submersible Platform

13/10/2022

N/A

N/A

19/01/2023

N/A

N/A

19/01/2023

N/A

N/A

Italy
Italy
Italy
Italy
Italy

Repower FOWT
Scandale
Sardinia Northeast AvenHexicon
Sardinia Northwest AvenHexicon
Sardinia South 1 AvenHexicon
Sardinia South 2 AvenHexicon

1,600

15

106

552-1000

750

15

50

580-1000

Semi-Submersible Platform Steel
Floating substructure
undecided
Semi-Submersible Platform Steel
Semi-Submersible Platform Steel

Semi-Submersible Platform Steel
Semi-Submersible Platform SteelHexicon (50%), Avapa Energy(50%)
Avapa Energy (50%), Hexicon(50%)
Hexicon (50%), Avapa Energy(50%)
Avapa Energy (50%), Hexicon
(50%)

Italy

Scicli

750

15

50

144-200

Semi-Spar - Steel

02/11/2023

N/A

N/A

Ninfea Rinnovabili S.r.l.

Italy

Seawind Mazara

798

19

42

48-104

Floating substructure
undecided

15/05/2023

N/A

N/A

Fred. Olsen

1,200

25

48

368-655

Semi-Submersible Platform

13/10/2022

N/A

N/A

Hexicon (50%), Avapa Energy
(50%)

45

15

4

120-140

Barge - Concrete

28/02/2023

N/A

N/A

Saitec Offshore Technologies

2

N/A

1

N/A

25/01/2022

N/A

N/A

Gazelle Wind Power

26/11/2021

N/A

N/A

Floating Power Plant

22/08/2022

01/01/2030

N/A

Mainstream (50%), Ocean Winds
(50%)

Italy
Spain
Spain

Sicily South AvenHexicon
GEROA (Green Energy
Research for Offshore
Atlantic)
PLOCAN hybrid
floating wind platform

Spain

SEAWORTHY

4.3

N/A

1

N/A

UnitedKingdom

Arven

2,300

N/A

N/A

85-13218

Semi-Submersible Platform Steel
Semi-Submersible Platform Steel
Semi-Submersible Platform Steel

4COffshore database, Accessed January 2024

15

United
Kingdom
UnitedKingdom
UnitedKingdom
UnitedKingdom
UnitedKingdom
UnitedKingdom
UnitedKingdom
UnitedKingdom
UnitedKingdom
UnitedKingdom
UnitedKingdom
UnitedKingdom
UnitedKingdom
UnitedKingdom
UnitedKingdom
UnitedKingdom
UnitedKingdom
UnitedKingdom
UnitedKingdom
UnitedKingdom
UnitedKingdom
UnitedKingdom
UnitedKingdom

Aspen

1,008

15

100

79-114Semi-Submersible Platform Steel

24/03/2023

01/01/2025

01/01/2029

Cerulean Winds

Ayre

1,008

25

60

59-83

Tension Leg Platform - Steel

17/01/2022

31/12/2028

01/01/2033

Qair (42.5%), DEME Offshore(42.5%), Aspiravi (15%)

Beech

1,008

15

100

113-159

24/03/2023

01/01/2025

01/01/2029

Cerulean Winds

Bellrock

1,200

23

75

67-124

11/04/2022

01/07/2027

N/A

Renantis (50%), Bluefloat (50%)

Broadshore

900

16

31

64-90

11/04/2022

01/07/2027

N/A

Bluefloat (50%), Renantis (50%)

Buchan

960

16

60

74-104Barge - Concrete

19/04/2022

N/A

N/A

BayWa (33.4%), Elicio (33.3%),
BW Ideol (33.3%)

Caledonia Offshore
Wind Farm

2,000

25

150

45-61

Mixed-(fixed and floating)

17/01/2022

N/A

N/A

Ocean Winds

CampionWind

2,000

N/A

N/A

63-86

17/01/2022

N/A

N/A

Shell (50%), Iberdrola (50%)

Cedar

1,008

15

100

80-123

24/03/2023

01/01/2025

01/01/2029

Cerulean Winds

Cenos

1,350

20

100

93-101

24/03/2023

01/01/2026

01/01/2030

TEPCO (50%), Eni (50%)

Culzean Floating Wind
Pilot Project

3

3

1

N/A

24/03/2023

N/A

N/A

TotalEnergies

24/03/2023

N/A

N/A

BP

24/03/2023

N/A

N/A

Harbour Energy

17/01/2022

N/A

01/01/2036

Northland (75.5%), ESB (24.5%)

27/07/2021

N/A

N/A

27/07/2021

N/A

N/A

24/03/2023

N/A

N/A

17/01/2022

30/09/2026

N/A

17/01/2022

N/A

01/01/2031

11/04/2022

N/A

N/A

01/01/2018

N/A

31/12/2026

Cornwall Council

24/03/2023

01/01/2026

01/06/2029Ørsted (80%), Simply Blue Group(18%), Seaway 7 (2%)

24/03/2023

N/A

N/A

Bluefloat (50%), Renantis (50%)

Flora

50

N/A

N/A

112

Harbour Energy South
INTOG

15

N/A

N/A

N/A

Havbredey

1,500

14

108

72-111Llŷr 1

100

20

8

67-67

Llŷr 2

100

20

8

67-67

Malin Sea Wind

100

N/A

6

36-135

MarramWind

3,000

25

225

88-119Muir Mhòr

798

20

40

60-84

Ossian

3,600

15

270

60-84

Pembrokeshire
Demonstration Zone

180

N/A

N/A

43-55

Salamander

100

20

7

86-111

Scaraben

99.45

N/A

N/A

70-108Semi-Submersible Platform Steel
Semi-Submersible Platform Concrete
Semi-Submersible Platform Concrete

Floating substructure
undecided
Semi-Submersible Platform Steel
Floating substructure
undecided
Semi-Submersible Platform
Floating substructure
undecided
Floating substructure
undecided
Floating substructure
undecided
Floating substructure
undecided
Floating substructure
undecided
Floating substructure
undecided
Floating substructure
undecided
Semi-Submersible Platform
Semi-Submersible Platform Steel
Floating substructure
undecided
Semi-Submersible Platform Steel
Floating substructure
undecided

16

Cierco (50%), SBM Offshore(50%)
Cierco (50%), SBM Offshore(50%)
ESB (33.3%), CATAGEN(33.3%), Dublin Offshore (33.3%)
Iberdrola (50%), Shell (50%)
Fred. Olsen (50%), Vattenfall(50%)
SSE (40%), Marubeni (30%), CIP(30%)

United
Kingdom
UnitedKingdom
UnitedKingdom
UnitedKingdom
UnitedKingdom
UnitedKingdom
UnitedKingdom

SENSEWind
Demonstrator

2

2

1

52-62

Sinclair

99.45

N/A

N/A

100-112

Stoura

500

N/A

N/A

100-126

Stromar

1,000

23

71

69-90

Talisk

495

15

33

108-123

Trivane Demonstrator

1

1

1

12.1-12.1

Valorous

300

16

27

71-82

Tension Leg Platform - Steel

16/08/2022

N/A

N/A

SENSE Wind Ltd

24/03/2023

N/A

N/A

Bluefloat (50%), Renantis (50%)

22/08/2022

01/01/2031

01/01/2035

ESB

11/04/2022

01/07/2027

2030-2033

17/01/2022

01/01/2028~2030

Barge - Steel

01/11/2011

N/A

N/A

Trivane Ltd

Semi-Submersible Platform Steel~2024

01/10/2026

01/10/2029

TotalEnergies (80%), Simply
Blue Group (20%)

Floating substructure
undecided
Floating substructure
undecided
Semi-Submersible Platform Concrete
Semi-Submersible Platform Concrete

Legend: Successful projects from the 2022 Scotwind rounds are denoted in blue and successful INTOG projects are in purple.

17

Bluefloat (33.3%), Renantis(33.3%), Ørsted (33.3%)
TechnipFMC (50%), Magnora
(50%)

表4

Projects in the early concept stage without site exclusivity19

Country

Project Name

Total
Power
Rating(MW)

WTG
Capacity(MW)

Numberof
Turbines

Water
Depth
(m)

Floating Foundation TypeSite
Exclusivity

FID

Date inoperation

Project Owner

Bulgaria

BG-2

1,250

N/A

N/A

64-69

Floating substructure
undecided

N/A

N/A

N/A

Hooracán ltd

Bulgaria

BLOW

5

5

1

22-31

Estonia

Anker

1,000

~20

~36

30-78

FinlandBothnia

N/A

N/A

N/A

64-117

FinlandBothnia West

N/A

N/A

N/A

47-133FinlandNavakka

1,500

2075-10032-94

Finland

Stormskär

2,000

20

100

FinlandVågskär

1,960

20

98

8.9-8025.369FinlandWellamo

2,000

1570-10064-115

20

20

1

N/A

250

15

17

N/A

1,000

20

50-67

N/A

40

10

4

6

6

1

15.524
50-65

270

N/A

20

73-81

N/A

N/A

N/A

N/A

N/A

N/A

N/A

N/A

FranceFranceFranceFranceFranceFranceGreeceGreece19

EOLINK 20
MW Prototype
EOLINK
Commercial
Wind Farm
EOLINK GWScale WindFarm
EOLINK Pilot
Wind Farm
NextFloat
Sud de laBretagne I
MUSICA phase 1
MUSICA phase 2

N/A

N/A

01/10/2025

Not Specified-(fixed or floating)
Not Specified (Assumed to befloating)
Mixed-(fixed and floating)
Floating substructure
undecided
Not Specified-(fixed or floating)

N/A

N/A

N/A

GSP Offshore (59.17%), EOLINK(17.34%), Petroceltic Bulgaria (4.6%),
Bexco (2.82%), IREC (2.58%), BEIA
Consult International (2.27%), MCE(2.15%), ACCIONA (2.02%), Maritime
University of Constanta (1.99%),
CEPS (1.91%), FraunhoferGesellschaft (1.41%),
Mainstream

N/A

N/A

N/A

Ilmatar Offshore

N/A

N/A

N/A

Ilmatar Offshore

N/A

N/A

2030

Eolus Vind

N/A

N/A

N/A

Ilmatar Offshore

Not Specified-(fixed or floating)

N/A

N/A

N/A

Ilmatar Offshore

N/A

N/A

01/01/2034

Eolus Vind (50%), Simply Blue Group
(50%)

N/A

N/A

N/A

N/A

Semi-Submersible Platform Steel

N/A

N/A

01/01/2029

N/A

Semi-Submersible Platform Steel

N/A

N/A

01/01/2032

N/A

N/A

N/A

01/01/2027

N/A

N/A

N/A

N/A

X1 Wind

N/A

N/A

2031

RTE

N/A

N/A

N/A

N/A

N/A

N/A

N/A

N/A

Semi-Submersible Platform Steel

Floating substructure
undecided
Semi-Submersible Platform Steel

Semi-Submersible Platform Steel
Tension Leg Platform - Steel
Floating substructure
undecided
Floating substructure
undecided
Floating substructure
undecided

4COffshore database, Accessed January 202418

IcelandHIP Atlantic
ANIAR
Offshore Array- phase 2
ArranmoreWind
Atlantic
Marine Energy
Test Site

10,000

N/A

N/A

N/A

Mixed-(fixed and floating)

N/A

N/A

N/A

Hecate (50%), IPC (50%)

500

N/A

N/A

58-86

Floating substructure
undecided

N/A

N/A

N/A

Aniar Offshore

1,000

N/A

N/A

43-85

Floating substructure
undecided

N/A

N/A

N/A

Copenhagen Energy

10

15

1

45-107

Floating substructure
undecided

N/A

N/A

01/01/2026

SEAI

IrelandBlackwater

1,500

N/A

100

51-80

Floating substructure
undecided

N/A

01/01/2027

01/01/2030

Flotation Energy and Grupo Cobra

Ireland

CelticOffshore
Renewable
Energy

1,680

N/A

168

65-84

Mixed-(fixed and floating)

N/A

N/A

N/A

FEXCO

Ireland

Celtic Two

800

N/A

55

76-82

N/A

N/A

N/A

ESB (50%), Ørsted (50%)

Ireland

Clarus

1,000

N/A

70

81-123

N/A

N/A

01/01/2035

Iberdrola (51%), DP Energy (49%)

Ireland

Cork Offshore
Wind

1,000

N/A

N/A

96-113

N/A

N/A

01/01/2032

Source Galileo

Ireland

Emerald

1,300

15

30

80-96

N/A

N/A

01/01/2038

Simply Blue Group

N/A

N/A

N/A

30-86

Mixed-(fixed and floating)

N/A

N/A

N/A

Haven Offshore Array

1,000

N/A

N/A

73-84

Floating substructure
undecided

N/A

N/A

01/01/2036

Iberdrola (51%), DP Energy (49%)

1,000

N/A

N/A

65-90

N/A

N/A

01/01/2030

InisOffshore

2,000

N/A

100

53-72

N/A

N/A

N/A

Lir Offshore Array Ltd

400

N/A

27

90-102

N/A

31/12/2026

01/01/2032

ESB (50%), Ørsted (50%)

1,100

N/A

67

99-100N/A

31/12/2027

N/A

ESB (50%), Ørsted (50%)

1,000

N/A

N/A

80-95

N/A

N/A

N/A

InisOffshore (50%), Warwick Energy
(50%)

2,500

N/A

N/A

44-107

Mixed-(fixed and floating)

N/A

N/A

N/A

Mainstream

N/A

N/A

N/A

Statkraft (50%), CIP (50%)

N/A

N/A

N/A

InisOffshore

Ireland
Ireland
Ireland

Ireland
Ireland
Ireland
Ireland
Ireland
Ireland
Ireland
Ireland
Ireland
IrelandHaven
Offshore Array
Inis Ealga
Marine Energy
Park
KinsaleLir Offshore
Array
Moneypoint
Offshore One
Moneypoint
Offshore Two
Munster Sea
Wind
North East
Wind
North Irish
Sea Array 3
PéarlaOffshore
Windfarm

Floating substructure
undecided
Floating substructure
undecided
Floating substructure
undecided
Semi-Submersible Platform Steel

Floating substructure
undecided
Floating substructure
undecided
Floating substructure
undecided
Floating substructure
undecided
Floating substructure
undecided

250

N/A

N/A

N/A

Floating substructure
undecided

1,000

N/A

N/A

63-71

Not specified (Assumed to befloating)

19

Ireland

Rian Offshore
Array (Phase
1)
Rian Offshore
Array (Phase2)
SSE Tarbert
Offshore
Windfarm
Tulca
Offshore Array(Phase 1)
Tulca
Offshore Array(Phase 2)
Urban Sea

Ireland

Valentia

Ireland

Ireland

Ireland

Ireland

Ireland

Ireland
Ireland
Ireland

Valentia
Phase 2
VoyageOffshore Array
West Ireland Hexicon

2,500

N/A

250

115130Floating substructure
undecided

N/A

N/A

N/A

Rian Offshore Array Limited

N/A

N/A

N/A

N/A

Floating substructure
undecided

N/A

N/A

N/A

Rian Offshore Array Limited

N/A

N/A

N/A

83-90

Floating substructure
undecided

N/A

N/A

N/A

SSE

1,650

N/A

N/A

70-113

Floating substructure
undecided

N/A

N/A

N/A

Tulca Offshore Wind

2,240

N/A

N/A

N/A

Floating substructure
undecided

N/A

N/A

N/A

Tulca Offshore Wind

3,200

N/A

N/A

N/A

Enterprize Energy

56

N/A

N/A

N/A

Energy Co-op Ireland

620

N/A

36

N/A

N/A

N/A

Energy Co-op Ireland

2,900

N/A

N/A

76-87

Spar Floater - Concrete
Floating substructure
undecided
Floating substructure
undecided
Floating substructure
undecided

N/A

N/A

50-100108144132137

N/A

920

N/A

N/A

N/A

Voyage Offshore Array Limited

2,000

N/A

N/A

N/A

Semi-Submersible Platform

N/A

N/A

N/A

Hexicon

N/A

N/A

N/A

Simply Blue Group (50%), EDF (50%)

N/A

N/A

N/A

Qint'x

N/A

N/A

01/09/2027

BayWa

N/A

N/A

N/A

GR Value (50%), NewDevelopments
(50%)

N/A

N/A

N/A

Eni (50%), Simply Blue Group (50%)

N/A

N/A

N/A

Hexicon (50%), Avapa Energy (50%)

N/A

N/A

N/A

Hope Group

N/A

N/A

N/A

REI

N/A

N/A

N/A

Carlo Maresca S.p.A. Group

Semi-Submersible Platform

N/A

N/A

N/A

Carlo Maresca S.p.A. Group

Floating substructure
undecided

N/A

N/A

N/A

Carlo Maresca S.p.A. Group

IrelandWestern Star

1,350

15

90

97-108Italy

Abruzzo 1

1,760

11

160

79-92

Italy

ALG

510

15

34

Italy

Apeneste

915

15

61

Italy

Atis

864

18

48

2,150

N/A

N/A

600

7.5

80

840

14

60

Italy
Italy
Italy
Italy
Italy
Italy

AvenHexicon
TBC
Bari - HopeGroup
Barletta - REI
Bluwind
Brindisi
Bluwind
Civitavecchia
BluwindManfredonia

840

15

56

870

15

58

825

15

55

154182140187245535148210126173
N/A
124200390590111216

Floating substructure
undecided
Floating substructure
undecided
Semi-Spar - Steel
Floating substructure
undecided
Floating substructure
undecided
Semi-Submersible Platform
Floating substructure
undecided
Floating substructure
undecided
Floating substructure
undecided20

ItalyBluwind
Pozzallo

975

15

65

Italy

BNW

504

15

34

Italy

Brindisi
Offshore 2.0

1,425

15

95

Italy

BRN

504

15

34

Italy

Calabria

555

15

37

Italy

Calypso

600

15

40

225

15

15

375

15

25

Italy
Italy

Civitavecchia
A
Civitavecchia
B111137
1101351221991011364201000
31-500139206352414
200500200500Italy

Del Toro 1

292.8

12.2

24

Italy

Del Toro 2

292.8

12.2

24

Italy

Dorada

1,620

15

108

22-428Italy

Elymo A

585

15

68

69-87

Italy

Elymo B

435

N/A

N/A

N/A

Italy

Eolicooffshore
Molise

1,050

15

70

91-138Italy

Fortevento

585

20

39

460685

Italy

Gargano Sud

1,088

16

68

14-22

Italy

Golfo diTaranto

1,500

15

100

375500Italy

Gulf of Gela

384

N/A

N/A

N/A

Italy

Hannibal

250

17

25

58-113

Italy

HyMed

2,200

N/A

N/A

69-73

Italy

Ichnusa

504

17

50

177200

Italy

Kailia Energia

1,200

12

98

82-119Italy

Krimisa

1,116

18

62

16501790

Semi-Submersible Platform
Floating substructure
undecided
Semi-Submersible Platform Steel
Semi-Spar - Steel
Floating substructure
undecided
Semi-Submersible Platform Steel
Semi-Submersible Platform Steel
Semi-Submersible Platform Steel
Semi-Submersible Platform Concrete
Semi-Submersible Platform Concrete
Floating substructure
undecided
Floating substructure
undecided
Floating substructure
undecided
Semi-Submersible Platform Steel
Semi-Submersible Platform Steel
Floating substructure
undecided
Not specified (Assumed to befloating)
Floating substructure
undecided
Semi-Submersible Platform Steel
Floating substructure
undecided
Semi-Submersible Platform Steel
Semi-Submersible Platform Steel
Semi-Submersible Platform Steel

21

N/A

N/A

N/A

Carlo Maresca S.p.A. Group

N/A

N/A

N/A

BayWa

N/A

N/A

N/A

TG Energie Rinnovabili

N/A

N/A

N/A

BayWa

N/A

N/A

N/A

ACCIONA

N/A

N/A

N/A

Vestas

N/A

N/A

N/A

European Energy

N/A

N/A

N/A

European Energy

N/A

N/A

N/A

Seawind Ocean Technology

N/A

N/A

N/A

Seawind Ocean Technology

N/A

N/A

N/A

Gruppo Macchia

N/A

N/A

N/A

N/A

N/A

N/A

N/A

N/A

01/05/2034

Green Bridge

N/A

N/A

N/A

Ocean Winds

N/A

N/A

N/A

SEANERGY

N/A

N/A

N/A

Gruppo Macchia

N/A

N/A

N/A

Apollo Wind srl

N/A

N/A

N/A

CIP (50%), Eni (25.5%), CDP (24.5%)

N/A

N/A

N/A

Aquaterra (50%), Seawind Ocean
Technology (50%)

N/A

N/A

N/A

CIP (50%), Eni (25.5%), CDP (24.5%)

N/A

N/A

N/A

Bluefloat (50%), Renantis (50%)

N/A

N/A

N/A

Eni (50%), Simply Blue Group (50%)

NewDevelopments (50%), GR Value(50%)
GR Value (50%), NewDevelopments(50%)

ItalyManfredonia Hope Group

945

15

63

170414Italy

Marche 1

840

10

84

50-55

1,110

15

74

24-100

795

15

53

77-190Italy

Mazara delVallo
Mazara delVallo 2
Mazara delVallo 3
MDV

Italy
Italy

Italy
Italy
Italy

810

15

54

48-104

504

15

34

MedWind

2,793

18

190

Messapia

1,314

18

73

675

15

45

510

15

34

61-87
110739625737810113047-97130426

Italy

Minervia
Energia
MoDiCaItaly

MoDiCa 2

510

15

34

Italy

Monopoli

600

10

60

N/A

Italy

Nereus

1,800

15

120

87-112

795

15

53

43-47

Italy

Italy
Italy
Italy

Nora Energia
1Nora Energia
2
Nuovo Porto
Pino

600

15

40

705

15

47

Italy

Nurax

500

17

46

Italy

Odra Energia

1,300

15

90

Italy

Ostro
OWF 1 Maxima
Energia
OWF 2 Maxima
Energia
Parco Eolico
Off-Shore
Ionio
Parco eolico
off-shore

600

15

40

Italy

Italy

Italy
Italy

9951040108688665705110346
97-139Floating substructure
undecided
Floating substructure
undecided
Semi-Submersible Platform Steel
Semi-Spar - Steel
Floating substructure
undecided
Semi-Spar - Steel
Semi-Submersible Platform
Semi-Submersible Platform Steel
Semi-Submersible Platform Steel
Semi-Submersible Platform
Semi-Submersible Platform
Floating substructure
undecided
Semi-Submersible Platform Steel
Semi-Submersible Platform Steel
Semi-Submersible Platform Steel
Semi-Spar - Steel
Semi-Submersible Platform Steel
Semi-Submersible Platform Steel
Semi-Submersible Platform

N/A

N/A

N/A

Hope Group

N/A

N/A

N/A

Qint'x

N/A

N/A

N/A

Mazar Wind srl

N/A

N/A

N/A

BayWa

N/A

N/A

N/A

BayWa

N/A

N/A

N/A

BayWa

N/A

01/01/2026

01/01/2032

Renexia

N/A

N/A

N/A

Eni (50%), Simply Blue Group (50%)

N/A

N/A

N/A

Renantis (50%), Bluefloat (50%)

N/A

N/A

N/A

BayWa

N/A

N/A

N/A

BayWa

N/A

N/A

N/A

Geoambiente

N/A

N/A

N/A

Nereus S.R.L

N/A

N/A

N/A

Renantis (50%), Bluefloat (50%)

N/A

N/A

N/A

Bluefloat (50%), Renantis (50%)

N/A

N/A

N/A

BayWa

N/A

N/A

01/01/2028

CIP (50%), Eni (25.5%), CDP (24.5%)

N/A

N/A

N/A

Renantis (50%), Bluefloat (50%)

N/A

N/A

N/A

Ocean Winds

N/A

N/A

N/A

Maxima Energy

1,140

15

76

N/A

Floating substructure
undecided

1,140

15

76

N/A

Floating substructure
undecided

N/A

N/A

N/A

Maxima Energy

420

15

28

N/A

Floating substructure
undecided

N/A

N/A

N/A

Geco srl

800

15

54

108125Semi-Spar - Steel

N/A

N/A

N/A

NP Francavilla Wind

22

MedioAdriatico
Italy
Italy
Italy

PoseidonPozzallo
Offshore Wind
Park
Puglia - Iron
Solar

1,008

17

100

14271567

Semi-Submersible Platform Steel

N/A

N/A

01/01/2034

CIP (50%), Eni (25.5%), CDP (24.5%)

800

15

54

78-131Semi-Spar - Steel

N/A

N/A

N/A

NP Pozzallo Wind

525

15

35

94-119

N/A

N/A

N/A

Iron Solar

N/A

N/A

N/A

ACCIONA

N/A

N/A

N/A

ACCIONA

N/A

N/A

N/A

BayWa

N/A

N/A

N/A

Repower Renewable S.p.A.

N/A

N/A

N/A

Ninfea Rinnovabili S.r.l.

N/A

N/A

N/A

BayWa

N/A

N/A

N/A

DGM Global

N/A

N/A

N/A

ACCIONA

N/A

N/A

N/A

Renexia

N/A

N/A

N/A

Renexia

N/A

N/A

N/A

Gruppo Macchia

N/A

N/A

N/A

Inergia

N/A

N/A

N/A

ACCIONA

N/A

N/A

N/A

ACCIONA

N/A

N/A

N/A

Vestas

N/A

N/A

N/A

Renantis (50%), Bluefloat (50%)

N/A

N/A

N/A

Ocean Winds

N/A

N/A

01/01/2031

CIP (50%), Eni (25.5%), CDP (24.5%)

N/A

N/A

N/A

Hope Group

Italy

Puglia A

1,005

15

67

136630Italy

Puglia B

930

15

62

N/A

Italy

Ragusa

945

15

63

91-500

Italy
Italy
Italy
Italy

Repower
FOWT Sicilia
San Pietro
Nord
San Pietro
Sud
Santa Maria di
Leuca

495

15

33

510

15

34

504

15

34

675

15

45

20202200
11812656-73
6307175001000

Italy

Sardegna

480

15

32

Italy

Sardegna 1

555

15

37

N/A

Italy

Sardegna 2

825

15

55

N/A

Italy

Seabass
Sicilia 495
MW

810

15

54

495

15

33

Italy

Sicilia A

1,020

15

68

Italy

Sicilia B

1,005

15

67

Italy

Thalassa

525

15

35

93-172158195500790500790425765

Italy

Tibula Energia

975

16

62

91-94

Italy

Trinacria

840

20

56

77-100

540

17

27

1,200

15

80

Italy

Italy
Italy

Tyrrhenian
Wind
Vieste - HopeGroup

120129170234

Floating substructure
undecided
Floating substructure
undecided
Floating substructure
undecided
Floating substructure
undecided
Semi-Spar - Steel
Semi-Submersible Platform Steel
Semi-Submersible Platform Steel
Semi-Submersible Platform Steel
Floating substructure
undecided
Floating substructure
undecided
Floating substructure
undecided
Semi-Submersible Platform
Semi-Spar - Steel
Floating substructure
undecided
Floating substructure
undecided
Semi-Submersible Platform Steel
Semi-Submersible Platform Steel
Floating substructure
undecided
Semi-Submersible Platform Steel
Floating substructure
undecided23

ItalyMalta
NorwayZefiroMUSICA phase 3
Bluewater Metcentre

3,150

15

210

2001479

Semi-Spar - Steel

N/A

N/A

01/06/2029

N/A

N/A

N/A

N/A

Floating substructure
undecided

N/A

N/A

2020-2024

5

5

1

225

Tension Leg Platform - Steel

N/A

N/A

01/12/2026

N/A

Semi-Submersible Platform

N/A

N/A

N/A

315364264270256282250267Semi-Submersible Platform Steel
Floating substructure
undecided
Floating substructure
undecided
Floating substructure
undecided

N/A

01/03/2024

01/12/2027

N/A

N/A

N/A

N/A

N/A

N/A

N/A

N/A

N/A

NorwayDraugen

140

14

10

NorwayGoliatVind

75

15

5

500

0

0

500

0

0

500

0

0

75

1

75

Oct-20Semi-Submersible Platform

N/A

01/01/2024

N/A

0

0

0

29.537Semi-Submersible Platform Steel

N/A

N/A

N/A

600

20

30

85-100Floating substructure
undecided

N/A

N/A

N/A

NorwayNorwayNorwayNorwayPortugalPortugal

Utsira nord phase 1
Utsira nord phase 2
Utsira nord phase 3
Windcatcher
Aguçadoura Gazelledemonstration
Baywa r.e.
Viana doCastelo

Copenhagen Energy

Bluewater
Odfjell Oceanwind (34%),
TrønderEnergi (33%), OKEA (33%)
Odfjell Oceanwind (50%), Source
Galileo (50%)
Ministry of Petroleum and Energy(Norway) (MPE)
Ministry of Petroleum and Energy(Norway) (MPE)
Ministry of Petroleum and Energy(Norway) (MPE)
Ferd AS (34%), North Energy (33%),
GM Ventures (33%)

BayWa
Simply Blue Group (33.34%), FF New
Ventures (33.33%), Grupo Amper(33.33%)
Simply Blue Group (33.34%), FF New
Ventures (33.33%), Grupo Amper(33.33%)

Portugal

Botafogo

990

18

55

152319Floating substructure
undecided

N/A

N/A

N/A

PortugalCreoula

1,440

18

80

82-540Floating substructure
undecided

N/A

N/A

N/A

Portugal

Nortada

2,000

N/A

N/A

60-79

Floating substructure
undecided

N/A

N/A

N/A

PensionDanmark

Portugal

OffshoreIsland Porto
Santo - OIPS

10

5

2

N/A

Semi-Submersible Platform Steel

N/A

N/A

N/A

Planeta Vibrante (33.3%), EEM(33.3%), AREAM (33.3%)

Portugal

WavEC

2

2

1

N/A

Tension Leg Platform - Steel

N/A

N/A

N/A

WavEC (50%), Marine Power
Systems (50%)

Spain

Albaicín

510

15

34

97-425

N/A

N/A

N/A

Capital Energy

Spain

Almadraba

495

N/A

N/A

24-26

N/A

N/A

N/A

Spain

Alwind

300

N/A

N/A

N/A

N/A

N/A

N/A

Vinci

Spain

Andamana

240

10

24

49-355

N/A

N/A

N/A

elittoral

Spain

Atlantida

300

N/A

N/A

N/A

N/A

N/A

N/A

Iberdrola

Floating substructure
undecided
Floating substructure
undecided
Floating substructure
undecided
Floating substructure
undecided
Floating substructure
undecided

24

SpainBandama

195

15

13

88-442

Spain

Breogán

510

15

34

182195Spain

CANARRAY I

48

6

8

60-80

Spain

CANARRAY II

132

5.5

24

50-150Spain

Canary Island
Test Areas

310

N/A

N/A

N/A

Spain

Canawind 1

250

14.7

17

49-487

Spain

Canawind 2

250

14.7

17

Spain

CARDON

50

12.5

4

Spain

Catwind

1,200

14.7

82

Spain

Celta I

495

15

33

Spain

Celta II

510

15

34

Spain

Creus

510

15

34

Spain

DUNAS

50

N/A

4

61-92

Spain

Floating
Offshore Wind
Canarias(FOWCA)

225

18

15

49-677

Spain

Galwind

1,000

N/A

N/A

N/A

Spain

Gavina

500

15

37

Spain

GOFIO
Gran Canaria
Este
Gran Canaria
Offshore Wind
Power Project
GUANCHE
Hivewinddemonstration(PlemCat)
Juan
SebastiánElcano

50

12.5

4

12127550-100

144

12

12

5-500

210

N/A

N/A

N/A

50

12.5

4

11

15

522

18

Spain
Spain
Spain
Spain

Spain

Floating substructure
undecided
Floating substructure
undecided
Semi-Submersible Platform Steel
Semi-Submersible Platform Steel
Floating substructure
undecided
Floating substructure
undecided
Floating substructure
undecided
Semi-Submersible Platform
Floating substructure
undecided
Floating substructure
undecided
Floating substructure
undecided
Floating substructure
undecided
Semi-Submersible Platform Steel

N/A

N/A

N/A

N/A

N/A

N/A

N/A

N/A

N/A

Eni

N/A

N/A

N/A

Eni

N/A

N/A

N/A

Gobierno de Canarias

N/A

N/A

N/A

Vinci

N/A

N/A

N/A

Vinci

N/A

N/A

N/A

Greenalia

N/A

N/A

N/A

Vinci

N/A

N/A

N/A

Ferrovial

N/A

N/A

N/A

Ferrovial

N/A

N/A

N/A

N/A

N/A

N/A

Greenalia

Semi-Submersible Platform

N/A

01/01/2025

01/08/2028

Equinor (50%), Naturgy (50%)

Floating substructure
undecided

N/A

N/A

N/A

Vinci

Semi-Submersible Platform

N/A

N/A

N/A

IberdrolaSemi-Submersible Platform
Semi-Submersible Platform Steel

N/A

N/A

01/01/2027

Greenalia

N/A

N/A

N/A

Ocean Winds

Floating substructure
undecided

N/A

N/A

N/A

61-92

Semi-Submersible Platform

N/A

N/A

N/A

Greenalia

1

131137Semi-Submersible Platform Steel

N/A

N/A

N/A

HiveWind LLC

29125182

Floating substructure
undecided

N/A

N/A

N/A

Simply Blue Group (33.34%), FF New
Ventures (33.33%), Grupo Amper(33.33%)1321060
61-92
11927514820014518811917925

Ferrovial

N/A

N/A

N/A

Simply Blue Group (33.34%), FF New
Ventures (33.33%), Grupo Amper(33.33%)

N/A

N/A

N/A

Ocean Winds

N/A

01/07/2025

01/01/2029

Capital Energy

N/A

N/A

N/A

Sener Group (50%), Bluefloat (50%)

N/A

N/A

N/A

Capital Energy

N/A

N/A

N/A

Barge - Concrete

N/A

N/A

01/01/2030

Saitec Offshore Technologies

Semi-Submersible Platform

N/A

01/01/2025

01/01/2029

Capital Energy

Semi-Submersible Platform

N/A

N/A

N/A

Greenalia

32-89

Tension Leg Platform - Steel

N/A

N/A

01/01/2026

Marine Power Systems

Tension Leg Platform - Steel

N/A

N/A

N/A

Marine Power Systems (50%),
PLOCAN (50%)

Spain

La Pinta

990

18

55

359930Spain

Lanzarote
Este

50

12.5

4

48-972

Spain

L'Emporda

510

15

34

Spain

Mar de Agata

300

N/A

20

Spain

Maresía

254

15

17

Spain

Marino Drago

260

20

N/A

Spain

Medfloat Pilot
Parc

50

15

5

Spain

Mencey

150

15

10

Spain

MOJO
MPS demo BiMEPMPS demo PLOCANMUSICA phase 4

50

12.5

4

1005601451666251048
61-92

2.5

N/A

1

Nao Victoria

Spain
Spain
Spain
Spain
Spain
Spain
Spain
Spain
Spain
Spain

Nautilus
Demonstration
Nordes Phase1
Nordes Phase2
Ocean H2
Parc
Tramuntana
Pe SanAugustín I

11920020050095-542

Floating substructure
undecided
Semi-Submersible Platform Steel
Semi-Submersible Platform Steel
Semi-Submersible Platform Steel
Floating substructure
undecided
Floating substructure
undecided

N/A

N/A

N/A

8501274

N/A

N/A

N/A

N/A

Floating substructure
undecided

N/A

N/A

N/A

PLOCAN

1,000

18

55

330930Floating substructure
undecided

N/A

N/A

N/A

Simply Blue Group (33.34%),
Grupo Amper (33.33%), FF New
Ventures (33.33%)

2

2

1

50-250Semi-Submersible Platform

N/A

N/A

N/A

Seaway 7

525

15

35

N/A

N/A

Bluefloat (50%), Sener Group (50%)

15

45

N/A

N/A

N/A

Bluefloat (50%), Sener Group (50%)

6

N/A

2

N/A

N/A

N/A

N/A

Hexicon (50%), ACCIONA (50%)

500

15

33

106174

N/A

N/A

01/01/2033

Bluefloat (50%), Sener Group (50%)

49.9

10

5

45-142Semi-Submersible Platform Steel
Semi-Submersible Platform Steel
Semi-Submersible Platform Steel
Semi-Submersible Platform Steel
Floating substructure
undecided
Floating substructure
undecided
Floating substructure
undecided
Floating substructure
undecided
Semi-Submersible Platform

N/A

675

2781991541806

N/A

N/A

N/A

N/A

N/A

N/A

ABEI Energy

N/A

N/A

N/A

ABEI Energy

N/A

N/A

N/A

N/A

N/A

N/A

N/A

Iberdrola

100200160220Spain

Poniente I

435

15

29

Spain

Poniente II

480

15

32

Spain

Salinas I

49.9

N/A

N/A

58-61

Spain

San Borondón

238

N/A

N/A

49-34026

146200
143180Spain

San Brandan

490

N/A

N/A

Semi-Submersible Platform

N/A

N/A

N/A

Iberdrola

Spain

San Cibrao

490

N/A

35

Semi-Submersible Platform

N/A

N/A

N/A

Iberdrola

Spain

Talasa

50

N/A

N/A

N/A

Spain

Tarahal

225

15

15

N/A

Spain

Timanfaya

50

12.5

4

57-500Floating substructure
undecided
Floating substructure
undecided
Semi-Submersible Platform Concrete
Floating substructure
undecided

N/A

N/A

N/A

Naturgy

N/A

N/A

N/A

Bluefloat (50%), Sener Group (50%)

N/A

01/06/2025

01/01/2029

Capital Energy

N/A

N/A

N/A

N/A

N/A

N/A

N/A

ABEI Energy

N/A

N/A

N/A

Capital Energy

N/A
N/A

N/A
N/A

01/01/2027
N/A

ESTEYCOLandInfra Energy AB

Spain

Varuna

300

N/A

N/A

6771000

Spain

VentusOffshore Wind
Farm

600

15

40

113121

Floating substructure
undecided

Spain

Volanteiro

510

15

34

Spain
SwedenWHEEL
Baltic Edge
BalticOffshore
Alpha
BalticOffshore Delta
South
BalticOffshore
EpsilonErik Segersäll
1
Erik Segersäll
2
Erik Segersäll
3

6
1,000

6
N/A

1
N/A

131182
N/A
39-72

Semi-Submersible Platform Concrete
Semi-Spar - Concrete
Not Specified-(fixed or floating)

1,900

N/A

140

61-123

Floating substructure
undecided

N/A

N/A

N/A

Statkraft

1,900

20

160

44-185Mixed-(fixed and floating)

N/A

31/12/2028

01/01/2032

Statkraft

2,740

25

184

50-100Floating substructure
undecided

N/A

N/A

N/A

Statkraft

2,000

25

100

Semi-Submersible Platform

N/A

N/A

01/01/2032

Deep Wind Offshore

N/A

N/A

01/01/2034

Deep Wind Offshore

N/A

N/A

01/01/2036

Deep Wind Offshore

Sweden

N/A

N/A

N/A

RWE

N/A

N/A

N/A

N/A

N/A

N/A

Simply Blue Group (50%), Eolus Vind
(50%)
LandInfra Energy AB

N/A

01/01/2027

01/01/2030

Hexicon (50%), Mainstream (50%)

N/A

N/A

01/01/2031

OX2 (51%), IngKa Group (49%)

N/A

N/A

01/01/2032

Statkraft

SwedenSwedenSweden

2,000

25

100

2,000

25

100

Heimdall

2,400

N/A

N/A

SwedenHerkules

2,750

15 - 25

160

SwedenHudiksvall

1,500

N/A

N/A

10018310010010010010016010613435-73

SwedenKultje

2,150

30

143

82-108Floating substructure
undecided
Floating substructure
undecided
Floating substructure
undecided
Floating substructure
undecided
Not Specified-(fixed or floating)Semi-Submersible Platform Steel
Floating substructure
undecided
Floating substructure
undecided

SwedenSwedenSwedenSwedenPleione

1,050

25

70

26.588

SwedenSkagerrak
Offshore
Gamma

2,740

25

172

29151227

Sweden

Skidbladner

2,200

25

147

12-170SwedenSundsvall

1,200

N/A

N/A

Sweden

Vidar

1,400

N/A

91

50-88
160291

Floating substructure
undecided
Not Specified-(fixed or floating)
Floating substructure
undecided

UnitedKingdom
UnitedKingdom

Celtic Deepphase 1
Celtic Deepphase 2Dolphyn
Project - full
scale
Dolphyn
Project - precommercial(to berelocated)

98

N/A

N/A

80-90

300

N/A

N/A

2,000

10

10

UnitedKingdom

UnitedKingdom
UnitedKingdom
UnitedKingdom
UnitedKingdom
UnitedKingdom
UnitedKingdom
UnitedKingdom
UnitedKingdom
UnitedKingdom
UnitedKingdom
UnitedKingdom
UnitedKingdom
UnitedKingdom

N/A

N/A

N/A

N/A

N/A

N/A

Simply Blue Group (50%), Eolus Vind
(50%)
LandInfra Energy AB

N/A

01/01/2028

01/01/2031

Vattenfall (85%), Zephyr (15%)

Spar Floater - Concrete

N/A

N/A

N/A

80-90

Spar Floater - Concrete

N/A

N/A

N/A

400

N/A

Semi-Submersible Platform Steel

N/A

N/A

01/01/2035

ERM

10

1

N/A

Semi-Submersible Platform Steel

N/A

01/12/2024

01/01/2027

ERM

300

10

N/A

90-106

N/A

N/A

01/01/2030

ERM (50%), Source Galileo (50%)

1,000

N/A

N/A

80-118

N/A

N/A

N/A

Source Galileo

600

15

60

67-75

N/A

01/10/2028

01/01/2032

TotalEnergies (50%), Simply Blue
Group (50%)

Gwynt Glas

1,000

N/A

N/A

75-85

N/A

N/A

N/A

EDF (75%), DP Energy (25%)

Llywelyn

300

N/A

20

72-86

N/A

01/01/2026~2030

Bluefloat (50%), Renantis (50%)

Myrddin

1,000

N/A

N/A

89-109

N/A

N/A

N/A

Source Galileo

500

N/A

N/A

55-110Tension Leg Platform - Steel

N/A

N/A

31/12/2030

Simply Blue Group

300

20

20

Tension Leg Platform - Steel

N/A

01/01/2027

04/01/2030

SBM Offshore

100

20

7

Tension Leg Platform - Steel

N/A

01/01/2027

04/01/2030

SBM Offshore

N/A

N/A

N/A

Simply Blue Group

N/A

01/01/2026~2030

Bluefloat (50%), Renantis (50%)

N/A

N/A

N/A

SENSE Wind Ltd

Dylan
Dylan
Extension
Erebus(Commercial)

Nomadic
Offshore Wind
North Channel
Wind 1
North Channel
Wind 2113144122157

Olympic Wind

1,300

N/A

N/A

N/A

Petroc

300

N/A

20

69-83

SENSEWind
Pelastar FullScale
Prototype

15

15

1

60-68

Semi-Submersible Platform Steel
Floating substructure
undecided
Semi-Submersible Platform Steel
Floating substructure
undecided
Floating substructure
undecided
Floating substructure
undecided

Floating substructure
undecided
Floating substructure
undecided
Tension Leg Platform - Steel28

DORIS (formerly Offshore Design
Engineering Ltd)DORIS (formerly Offshore Design
Engineering Ltd)

3.

Future floating development opportunities in Europe

As floating offshore wind nears commercialisation, projects must secure sites in leasing rounds toprogress in development. European countries have started to include sites at water depths suitable forfloating wind, or indeed floating wind-specific leasing rounds. A comprehensive breakdown of future
floating offshore wind tender opportunities is included in 表 5. This breakdown includes leasing rounds forwhich the foundation type is ‘Mixed’, i.e., projects may be either bottom-fixed or floating.
In addition, further information is provided for key upcoming floating offshore wind-specific leasing rounds
in sections 3.1., 3.2, and 3.3, which are expected to take place in 2024. 表 5 has information detailing theleasing rounds highlighting if they are offtake, site, or site-only and offtake-only auctions which include
purchasing the outputs of the electricity generated by the project whereas a site auction is solely theleasing of the seabed for development.

3.1. United Kingdom – Celtic Sea leasing round
The Celtic Sea leasing round (expected in 2024) will be the first leasing round for floating offshore wind in
England and Wales (in the wider UK, the ScotWind leasing round included floating offshore wind). The
leasing round will tender up to 4.5 GW capacity, with up to 1.5 GW available across three project
development areas. The round comprises a total forecast investment of up to £19bn, with approximately
4,000 permanent jobs expected during the construction phase. The Crown Estate have estimated that thedevelopments will require 260+ turbines, approximately 1,000 anchors, at least 300km of mooring lines,
and at least 800km of cables20. The first power production from the Celtic Sea projects is expected in
2030.

3.2. France – Sud de la Bretagne II (South of Brittany 2)
In France, the Sud de la Bretagne II leasing round is expected to be released in 2024. This will be an
upcoming auction for a 500 MW floating wind project expected to be commissioned in 2033, with an
expected 30-40 turbines21. The electrical connection to the grid will be for both projects led by Réseau deTransport d’Électricité (RTE), the electricity transmission operator in France.
Site selection for the tender has been supported by public debate organised by the French National
Commission for Public Debate. The public debate has received participation from approximately 1,800
individuals and over 1,500 respondents on a questionnaire to identify ideal zones for deployment 22.

3.3. 2024 floating wind tenders in Spain and Portugal
In 2022 Portugal committed to releasing tenders for 10GW of offshore wind capacity by 2030. This wasfollowed in 2023 with the launch of an Expression of Interest stage 23. 50 participants expressed interest

20

The Crown Estate, Celtic Sea leasing round – Information Memorandum. Source: link.
Region Bretagne, Focus sur la filière de l’éolien en mer flotant. Source: link.
22
Débat Public, Compte rendu du débat public, Eoliennes flottantes au sud de la Bretagne. Source: link.
23
OffshoreWind.biz, 2023, Portugal launches initial stage of offshore wind tendering process. Source: link.
21

29

in this stage. The launch of the full tender is expected in 2024. The initial expected capacity for the tenderwas 3.5 GW, although it is now expected that the first tender will support a reduced 2 GW capacity24.
Spain is also expected to open an offshore wind leasing round in the Canary Islands in 2024, delayed
from a previous expectation that this would be announced in 2023. Spain has outlined an intention todevelop 3GW of offshore wind by 2030, which the leasing round will support 25.

3.4. Italy – FER II Decree
In 2022 a draft FER II decree was circulated with a framework dedicated to future FOW auctions with
3.5GW planned before 2030, with 20-year contracts-for-difference and a proposed 165 EUR/ MWh cap26.
Presently, Italy does not have any floating wind projects commissioned or under construction (図 5).
However, there are 13 projects with site exclusivity (図 7).
The FER II subsidies will allocate support however it has been reported that there is further work to bedone to ensure that legislation and permitting processes are updated before site auctions should takeplace, as there is a strong interest from developers as seen by the number of projects in the early concept
stages (図 9)27.
The Italian government is considering tenders for sites in the near future, but overall delays over the FER
II framework, have led to only one 30 MW fixed OSW farm being commissioned since development of thesector commenced28.

24

Rivera, 2023, Portugal’s offshore wind auction attracts 50 potential participants. Source: link.
OEDigital, 2023, Spain to announce offshore wind tenders this year. Source: link.
26
Aegir, 2022. With the FER II Decree on its way, Italy is gearing up for take-off as an offshore wind market.
Source: link.
27
Aurora, 2022. Upcoming subsidies key to unlocking Italian offshore wind potential. Source: link.
28
Recharge, 2024. Massive floating wind farm to power three million homes tests Mediterranean seabed. Source:
link.
25

30

表5

Floating wind tenders in Europe29

Tender name

Predicted
Total
power
rating
(MW)

Water
depth
(m)

Expected date of
tender

Expected date of
power production(*Estimated)

Country

Location

Name ofsea area

FranceBrittany

ChannelSud de la Bretagne II

500

N/A

2024

2033

FranceNormandy

TBC

Future Tenders

10000

N/A

31 December
2025

To be confirmed

Greece

Notio
AigaioAegeanSea

2000

1871872025-2027

2030

2026 Floating Tender(s)Site /
Offtake
Site +
Offtake
Site +
Offtake
Site /
Offtake

Project authority

Foundation type

Ministry of Ecological Transition

Floating

Ministry of Ecological Transition

Mixed

N/A

Floating

Department of Environment, Climate andCommunications (DECC), Commission forRegulation of Utilities (CRU) and EirGrid
Department of Environment, Climate andCommunications (DECC), Commission forRegulation of Utilities (CRU) and EirGrid
Department of Environment, Climate andCommunications (DECC), Commission forRegulation of Utilities (CRU) and EirGrid
Department of Environment, Climate andCommunications (DECC), Commission forRegulation of Utilities (CRU) and EirGrid
Department of Environment, Climate andCommunications (DECC), Commission forRegulation of Utilities (CRU) and EirGrid
Energy Services Manager GSE

Ireland

IrelandTBC

Phase 3 Non-Grid Tender 1
+2

2000

N/A

01 July 2025

To be confirmed

Site +
OfftakeIreland

Ireland

TBC

Enduring Regime FF1

1500

N/A

01 April 2026

To be confirmed

Site +
OfftakeIreland

Ireland

TBC

Enduring Regime FF1

2000

N/A

01 April 2027

To be confirmed

Site +
OfftakeIreland

Ireland

TBC

Enduring Regime FF1

2000

N/A

01 April 2028

To be confirmed

Site +
OfftakeIreland

Ireland

TBC

Enduring Regime FF1

2000

N/A

01 April 2029

To be confirmed

Site +
Offtake

Italy

TBC

4000

N/A

2025-2028

After 2030*

Offtake

Rogaland

TBC
North
Sea

TBC

NorwayUtsira nord - phase 1 -3

1500

~200

Q1 2024

To be confirmed

Portugal

North

Atlantic

TBC~350030

N/A

Q4 2024

2030*

Site

Spain

CanaryIslands

Atlantic

TBC

2400

N/A

Q4 2024

To be confirmed

Site +
Offtake

Ministry of Environment and Energy
Transition
Ministry for the Ecological Transition and
Demographic Challenge

Celtic Sea

CelticSea

Leasing Round 5 (Celtic
Sea)

N/A

March – April
2024

2030*

Site

The Crown Estate England & Wales

Floating

N/A

27 March 2024

To be confirmed

OfftakeDepartment for Energy Security and Net
Zero (DESNZ)

Mixed

N/A

01 March 2025

To be confirmed

OfftakeDepartment for Energy Security and Net
Zero (DESNZ)

Mixed

UnitedKingdom
UnitedKingdom

UK

TBC

Allocation Round 6

UnitedKingdom

UK

TBC

Allocation Round 7

29
30

4500
~10000(~350
floating)
~4000
(~600
floating)

4COffshore database, Accessed January 2024
The initial proposal was for 3.5GW of capacity. It is expected that this may be reduced to 2GW in the first tender.

31

Ministry of Petroleum and Energy

Mixed

Mixed

Mixed

Mixed

Mixed
Mixed
Mixed
Floating
Floating

United
Kingdom

UK

TBC

Allocation Round 8~4000(~3180floating)

N/A

01 March 2026

To be confirmed

OfftakeDepartment for Energy Security and Net
Zero (DESNZ)

Mixed

UnitedKingdom

UK

TBC

Allocation Round 9~38900(mixed)N/A2028-2033

To be confirmed

OfftakeDepartment for Energy Security and Net
Zero (DESNZ)

Mixed(predominantly
floating)

32

4.

Research on planned European manufacturing bases

This section provides an overview of planned European manufacturing bases for floating offshore windplatforms. These are expected to be based around construction ports, where the floating substructures
are manufactured, and where the turbine may be assembled with the floating substructure.
As previously described, floating offshore wind farms that have been constructed to date have comprised
relatively few turbines and at small scales. For these small-scale floating wind farms, it has been possible
to utilise existing port facilities for the construction of floating foundations.
For early pre-commercial floating projects, several ports have supported construction: Aberdeen (UK),
Cromarty Firth (UK), Dundee (UK), Ferrol (Spain), Lorient (France), Nouvelle (France), Rotterdam(Netherlands), Skipavik-Gulen (Norway) and Stord (Norway) 31.
However, as the industry expects to progress to larger scale projects (that may extend to hundreds ofturbines per project) there is a need for increased specialisation of ports to facilitate floating offshore wind
substructure manufacturing. This specification will require hundreds of millions of £GBP worth ofinvestment for individual ports to provide the required services.
Given that commercial opportunities are still several years away, the industry in Europe is in the earlystages of planning for future manufacturing facilities, securing investment, and early-stage construction
activities. The most significant imminent opportunity for commercial development of floating offshore wind
is in the UK through the ScotWind leasing round. As a result, a large amount of activity to date regarding
the preparation of manufacturing facilities can be observed in Scotland.
This opportunity was outlined in a UK Department for International Trade report, which demonstrates aneed for over 1000 floating offshore wind substructures in Scotland by 2032 32.
Details of proposed developments for FOW manufacturing facilities and revitalising ports are included
below and summarised in 表 6.

4.1. Wind Works Jelsa, (Norway)
At present Jelsa is a quarry however there are plans to transform the site into a low-emission facility for
the wind industry, producing concrete foundations and assembling wind turbines for floating offshore windfarms across Europe. The project, established by NorSea, Suldal municipality and Ryfylke IKS, is due tobe completed by either 2027 or 2028 to be in line with construction at Utsira Nord floating offshore windfarm33. The facility is strategically located in the North Sea to service other key OSW markets (図 11)
and will aim to construct 70 floating turbines each year34.

31

The Crown Estate, 2023, Guide to a floating offshore wind farm. Source: link.
UK Department for International Trade, 2022, Floating offshore wind manufacturing in Scotland. Source: link
33
TU, 2021, Quarries could become shipyards for offshore wind. Source: link.
34
OffshoreWind.biz, 2023, Norway to get floating wind foundation production and assembly facility. Source: link
32

33

図 11

A map highlighting the connectivity of the proposed WindWorks Jelsa

The quarry has a depth of 40 metres below sea level, with an area of approximately 450,000m 2 (Phase I)
and up to 900,000m2 (Phases I and II)35.
The facility will be constructed in two phases and will comprise:-

A multipurpose production yard-

Water treatment-

Batching plant-

Wind Turbine Generator (WTG) installation yard and launching system (which comprises a moving
pontoon to manage FOW structures and lower structures into water)-

WTG unloading quay-

Barge for wet storage (floating production facility)-

Offices and warehouses for dry storage

35

Norsea Group, Exploring new industrial adventure in Ryfylke - link

34

-

Heavy load quay with adjacent storage area36.

図 12

図 13

Animation of FOW construction in future at the WindWorks Jelsa port36

Animation of spar FOW foundation towed out from WindWorks Jelsa port. Green structure isbarge for wet storage36

36

Source: WindWorks Jelsa - link

35

図 14

Aerial view of future WindWorks Jelsa port infrastructure36

36

図 15

Current view of Jelsa quarry prior to development37

4.2. Port Talbot (Wales, United Kingdom)Port Talbot is an essential port in Wales, and there are plans in place to revitalise the existing port into afloating offshore wind-specific port supporting the Celtic Sea supply chain. The port is ideally positioned
as it is located 120 kilometres away from the Celtic Sea FOW areas that have been outlined in theupcoming Celtic Sea leasing rounds38. The three stages of development for the port are as follows:
1) Creation of a heavy lift facility, as the assembly of components will be undertaken elsewhere initially,
this interim solution will enable components such as blades and towers to be mated with associatedsubstructures prior to them being towed.
2) Development of a new quay, to assemble and create substructures within Port Talbot and would
create an uptick of wider activity onsite.
3) Creation of a manufacturing cluster, to accommodate the growing supply chain in the region, e.g.
storage and preassembly of components39.
Associated British Ports is the owner of Port Talbot and is planning on investing over £500 million totransform the port into a hub for floating offshore wind. BW Ideol As has recently signed a Memorandumof Understanding (MOU) with Associated British Ports (ABP) to investigate the viability of a floating
foundations manufacturing facility in Port Talbot 40 . The project has the overall potential to create
approximately 16,000 new employment opportunities in the sector and could ultimately attract anadditional £5.5 billion in the form of inward investment in the wider economy38.

図 16

The existing port and plan for Future Port Talbot, ABP39

37

Norsea Group, Exploring new industrial adventure in Ryfylke. Source: link.
OffshoreWind.biz, 2023, BW Ideol, ABP to Explore Serial Production of Floating Wind Foundations at Port
Talbot. Source: link.
39
OffshoreWind.biz, 2023, BW Ideol, ABP to Explore Serial Production of Floating Wind Foundations at Port
Talbot. Source: link.
40
BW Ideol, 2023, BW Ideol teams up with ABP in Port Talbot on floating foundation industrialisation for the
Celtic Sea Source: link.
38

37

To help face the systematic challenges that are being faced at Port Talbot the main missions outlined in
the Future of Ports report are:1.

Decarbonising energy (FOW, Energy generation)2.

Decarbonising manufacturing (Carbon Capture, Manufacturing cluster)3.

Decarbonising logistics (Rail connection to help transfer sustainable fuels, Marine fuels)

4.

Creating growth environments (Town growth through creating an R&D village,
Environmental growth)

The methods outlined in the plans to decarbonise and reduce the overall carbon footprint of Port Talbot
are by placing onshore wind turbines around the harbour, installing a solar plant on a 13-acre site on thewharf for a 3-5MW site (図 17). Carbon capture and hydrogen or a blend of the two has been proposedby ABP to decarbonise the port and manufacturing cluster before 2050. Port Talbot is home to Tata Steelwhich is currently the largest emitter within the cluster (図 18) A graphic of a proposed method of reducing
the carbon footprint of Port Talbot.

図 17

A graphic of the proposed Talbot Wharf solar installation39

38

図 18

A graphic of a proposed method of reducing the carbon footprint of Port Talbot39

図 19

Projection of Port Talbot after the revitalisation project is completed39

39

4.3. Ardersier port transformation (Scotland, UK)
Work started in 2021 for a £20m upgrade to Ardersier port, near Inverness, Scotland, UK. The plansincluded:-

A dedicated 34ha floating wind manufacturing hub for concrete foundations – an exclusive
partnership with BW Ideol.

-

A concrete plant.

-

Additional services for oil rig decommissioning and ‘green steel’ manufacturing 41.

Results from feasibility studies have demonstrated that the port will be able to deliver damping pool floaters
equivalent to 1GW per year. £300m of US investment is supporting the port upgrades 42.

図 20

Graphic of Ardersier port transformation, BW Ideol43

4.4. Port of Cromarty Firth upgrades (Scotland, UK)
Port of Cromarty Firth, Invergordon, Scotland, UK has been identified as having potential for floating
substructure fabrication and assembly due to existing infrastructure and high technical capability, as wellas geographical proximity to ScotWind floating wind sites.
Around £110m of infrastructure investment is planned to support with:-

Large fabrication and assembly facilities-

Deep water quaysides-

Sheltered deep water anchorages

41

BW Ideol, 2021, Work starts on Ardersier Port transformation. Source: link.
ReNews, 2023, Scottish port secures £300m for energy transition upgrade. Source: link.
43
BW Ideol, 2022. Source: link.
42

40

-

Dry docks-

Wet docks-

Laydown and storage areas-

Heavy lift and servicing facilities44

4.5. Port of Nigg (Scotland, UK)
The Port of Nigg in Scotland is today the UK’s largest energy port and has over 1,200m of deepwaterquaysides, dry dock facilities and is the largest offshore wind staging port in the UK.
There are currently two FOW projects proposed for the Port of Nigg.
The first was announced in 2021 and was for the construction of the largest offshore wind tower facility in
the UK (図 21), The £110m plant at the port would create 400 direct jobs and reskilling opportunities foroil and gas employees in the region and ultimately produce 135 towers each year from 2023 45. However,to date, there is little evidence that this project has been realised.

図 21

44
45

Graphic of proposed Nigg Offshore Wind facility45

UK Department for International Trade, 2022, Floating offshore wind manufacturing in Scotland. Source: link.
SSE, SEE backs UK’s largest offshore wind tower facility to be built in Scotland. Source: link.

41

The second project for the Port is the Superhub for industrialised FOW that has received over £120m ofinvestment from both the private sector and the Scottish and UK governments 46. The port will achieve asuperhub status through:-Land development – development of 420m ultra deep-water quayside and additional expansion toextend the overall site to be >1,000,000 sqm.

-

Manufacturing – the creation of an HVDC cable factory and production of rolled steel tubulars.

-

Fabrication of floating offshore wind platforms-

Assembly of floating offshore wind platforms-

Operations and maintenance services for floating offshore wind farms47

4.6. Port of Leith (Scotland, UK)
The second largest OSW hub in the UK is the Port of Leith in Scotland which in 2022 received £50m of
private investment. Forth Ports, the port operator, forecasted the creation of 3,000 direct and indirect jobson the 175-acre site, and work is projected to start after 202548.

図 22

Graphic of the outer berth at the Port of Leith48

4.7. Fos sur Mer (France)
Fos has been selected as the manufacturing port for two small-scale floating offshore wind farms to date
– Ocean Wind’s Les Eoliennes Flottantes du Golfe de Lion and Provence Grand Large with EDF
46

Remewables Now, Scotland’s Port of Nigg to host GBP 110m-plus offshore wind tower factory. Source: link.
The Port of Nigg, Transforming the Port of Nigg into offshore renewables superhub. Source: link.
48
Edinburgh News, 2022, Edinburgh’s Port of Leith gets major boost from latest OSW farm announcement.
Source: link.
47

42

Renewables. These are small-scale projects with three turbines each. There is some consideration ofadaptation to the quay and extension at Fos, which could presently assemble six to seven floaters, tosupport up to 20 floaters to serve the French and Italian markets49.
The €500m project owned by Eiffage metal will construct an 80ha site with a 1,000m long quay providing
storage areas of between 40 to 50ha, the port is hoping to then encourage the establishment of industry
on-site to manufacture steel and concrete floaters. This wider plan is being put forward for a national publicdebate or more detailed consultation towards the end of 2024, if approval is granted the work willcommence in 2026 following FID with the project to be established by the end of 2028 5051.

4.8. Norway offshore wind – a report has identified 14 installation and assembly ports foroffshore wind with plans before 2030
A recent report published by Norwegian Offshore Wind identified that only ports with plans to develop
areas and specifications for assembly and installation by 2030 would be able to support the firstcommercial projects. The report estimated that 65% of the capacity to be developed will support floating
offshore wind specifically. There remain some challenges around space for port upgrades, social
acceptance of port infrastructure upgrades, and adequate financing for expansion. Therefore, these plans
may not all be delivered52.

49

Offshore, 2023, Eiffage Metal scaling up capacity for future floating offshore wind parks. Source: link.
Source: reNEWS, 22 February 2025 Issue 522.
51
Marseille Fos, Lancement official du projet DEOS: Le Port de Marseille Fos prévoit d’acceuillir une filière éolien
offshore d’ici 2028. Source: link.
52
Norwegian Offshore Wind, Norwegian offshore wind ports can create billions in value annually by 2023.
Source: link.
50

43

表6

Planned Manufacturing bases in Europe53

Manufacturing base
name

Fos sur Mer

Country

Description

FranceManufacturing port tobe updated to support
EFGL and PGL

WindWorks Jelsa

NorwayArdersier Port

UnitedKingdom

Port Talbot

UnitedKingdom

Inverness & Cromarty
Firth Green Freeport

UnitedKingdom

Port of Leith

UnitedKingdom

Port of Nigg

UnitedKingdom

53

Production andassembly facility forsteel and concrete forfloating OSW(800,000m2)
Creation of a
dedicated
manufacturing hub for
floaters.
Port revitalisation for
the Celtic Sea supply
chain
Floating offshore wind
manufacturing andport revitalisation
covering Invergordon,
Nigg and Inverness
Creation of a new
facility for offshore
wind berth andmarshalling of OSW
components andcreation of a deep
water turbine
integration site.
Port expansion,
addition of 420m to
the quay

Estimatedinvestment
amount (CAPEX)

Production
capacity

Construction
start date

Project
Owner

Manufacturing offloaters start date

Estimation of
number of jobs
created~€550,000,000~25 turbines ayear~Q3 2026

Eiffage Metal

2028

1,500
manufacturing jobs
and 200 additionaljobs in assembling
turbines

N/A

1 GW per year
/70 turbines ayear2023-2032

Implenia(41%) NorSea
(41%)

N/A

N/A

£20,000,000

1 GW per year

N/A

Ardersier Port
Authority~2030~1,000£500,000,000

N/A

N/A

ABP

N/A

Up to 16,000£52,000,000 (fromthe UK government)

N/A

N/A

N/A

N/A

Up to 25,000£40,000,000 to£50,000,000

N/A

2025

Forth Ports

N/A

2,000 direct and1,000 indirect jobs

£120,000,000

N/A

N/A

Global Energy
Group

N/A

N/A

Data aggregated from multiple sources, and references across the body of text.

44

5.

Existing clusters and investment schemes in floating offshore wind

Alongside the planned manufacturing facilities, we have also outlined some examples supporting
schemes to support floating offshore wind manufacturing in Europe. Several of these initiatives
are industry clusters.
Industry clusters are concentrations of organisations within an industry in a geographic area.
These may be supply chain organisations, innovators, educational and research institutions,training centres, etc. In some cases, there are fiscal incentives for that geographical area, suchas tax breaks, to encourage companies to establish themselves within a cluster area. The Humber
Cluster in the United Kingdom is a key OSW cluster, formed around the port of Hull near Hornsea
OSW projects 54 . Existing clusters and investment schemes will play a key role in thecommercialisation of floating offshore wind as they will facilitate work and collaboration across awide range of members.

5.1. Deep Wind, North of Scotland Offshore Wind Cluster (Scotland, UK)
Deep Wind is the leading offshore wind supply chain cluster across Europe specialising in floating
and fixed offshore wind in deeper waters, covering 25 harbours and ports across 70% of
Scottland’s coast55. Over 380 out of the total 860 members are within the Floating Offshore Wind
Subgroup, which plans to help establish a wider supply chain for offshore wind. The subgroup
comprises floating wind developers, ports seeking to develop facilities for floating offshore wind,
supply chain companies (from Europe, Japan, and the USA), and companies from the oil and gas
industry with experience deploying floating structures across the North Sea56.

5.2. Bretagne Ocean Power, (Brittany, France)
Bretagne Ocean Power is another example of a floating offshore wind cluster with 40 hectares(ha) of port infrastructure dedicated to OSW and 190 businesses working across the entire value
chain57. The cluster supports 7 offshore wind farms in construction and is prepared to support
the 750MW floating wind project in the south of Brittany.

5.3. Wind’Occ, (Montpelier, France)Wind’Occ is another existing initiative supporting the development of the floating offshore wind
sector. Its members include academia, higher education institutions, and companies based within
the Occitanie region. The Occitanie region has a target for 800MW of floating wind to be in

54

The Humber Offshore Wind Cluster Prospectus. Source: link.
Offshore Wind Scotland, DeepWind Cluster. Source: link.
56
Department for International Trade, Floating Offshore Wind Manufacturing. Source: link.
57
Bretagne Ocean Power. Source: link.
55

45

operation by 2030 and Wind’Occ aims to develop the skills within 150 companies within the
sector58.

5.4. UK Floating Offshore Wind Manufacturing Investment Scheme (FLOWMIS)
Whilst the UK FLOWMIS scheme is not a specific manufacturing facility, this is an initiative fromthe UK government to increase manufacturing capability in the UK for floating offshore wind. The
scheme is a fund of up to £160m that will award grants for port infrastructure development toenable the delivery of floating offshore wind in the UK 59.

58

Business France, Wind’Occ. Source: link.
UK Government, 2023, Floating Offshore Wind Manufacturing Investment Scheme (FLOWMI. Source:
link.
59

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6.

Floating offshore wind manufacturing facilities outside of Europe

To provide additional context to the scale and investment associated with European FOW projects
supplementary examples of FOW facilities have been provided within this section.

6.1. Humboldt Bay Project (California, US)
The US government has recently awarded a grant ($427m) to develop the Humboldt Bay area toact as California’s first OSW energy hub60. The proposed 1,200-foot wharf and terminal will assist
in the maintenance, construction, and assembly of FOW farms located in the north of California 61.

6.2. Sears Island Port Facility (Maine, US)
Unlike the European facilities identified in sections 4.1 and 4.2, the US government is leading thedevelopment of the FOW manufacturing facility, as opposed to the private sector-led initiatives
proposed in Europe. The State of Maine has selected Sears Island to be the site of a state-owned
port facility developed to service the FOW industry 62 . The site will have 100 acres of land
dedicated to port infrastructure will help to build the local supply chain demands as FOW
industrialises.63

60

Offshore Engineer, 2024, California port gets $427m boost for new offshore wind infrastructure.
Source: link.
61
OffshoreWIND.biz, 2024, Californian Port to get USD 400+ Million for Floating Wind Terminal. Source:link.
62
Maine Offshore Wind Initiative. Source: link.
63
State of Maine (2021) Mills Administration Announces Steps to Prepare for Offshore Wind
Investments at Maine’s Ports. Source: link.

47