ᄢಽᄢቇᢎ⢒⑔␩⑼ቇㇱ⎇ⓥ♿ⷐ㧔Res. Bull. Fac. Educ. & Welf. Sci., Oita Univ.㧕

97ᄢቇ↢ᵴߦኻߔࠆᔒะᕈߦ෸߷ߔਛቇ㜞ᩞㇱᵴേߩᓇ㗀
̆ᢎ⑼ᄖᵴേߩ㐳ᦼ⊛ലᨐߦ㑐ߔࠆಽᨆน⢻ᕈ̆㐳 ⼱ Ꮉ ␭ ੺㧖   ‫ ⷐޣ‬ᣦ‫ᧄ  ޤ‬Ⓜߪᄢቇ↢ኻ⽎ߩ⾰໧⚕⺞ᩏߩౣಽᨆࠍ߽ߣߦ㧘ᄢቇ↢ᵴߦኻߔࠆᔒะᕈߦ෸߷ߔਛቇ࡮㜞ᩞㇱᵴേෳടߩᓇ㗀ߦߟ޿ߡᬌ⸛ࠍⴕߞߚ‫ޕ‬ಽᨆߩ⚿ᨐ㧘ᰴߩ㧞ὐ߇᣿ࠄ߆ߦߥߞߚ‫ޕ‬㧔㧝㧕ਛቇㇱᵴേߩਇෳടߪ㧘ᄢቇ↢ᵴߦ߅ߌࠆㆆ߮߳ߩᔒะᕈࠍૐਅߐߖࠆⷐ࿃ߣߥߞߡ޿ߚ߇㧘ߘࠇߪᄢቇ
㧝ᐕ↢ߩߺߛߞߚ‫ޕ‬㧔 㧞㧕㜞ᩞߢᒁㅌߔࠆ߹ߢ⛮⛯ߒߡㇱᵴേෳടߒߚ⚻㛎ߪ㧘ᄢቇ↢ᵴߦ߅޿ߡࠬࠠ࡞₪ᓧߦኻߔࠆᔒะᕈࠍ㜞߼ࠆⷐ࿃ߣߥߞߡ޿ߚ߇㧘ߘࠇߪᄢቇ㧞ᐕ↢એ਄ߩߺߛߞߚ‫ޕ‬ಽᨆ⚿ᨐࠍ߽ߣߦᢎ⑼ᄖᵴേߩ㐳ᦼ⊛ലᨐߦ㑐ߔࠆ⎇ⓥน⢻ᕈߦߟ޿ߡ⠨ኤߒߚ‫⚿ߩߘޕ‬ᨐ㧘ᄢቇ↢⺞ᩏߩᵴ↪㧘⚻ᐕᲧセಽᨆߩ㊀ⷐᕈ㧘ᵴേߩᄙ᭽ᕈ߳ߩ⌕⋡㧘․೎ᵴേ߳ߩ⌕⋡㧘࡜ࠗࡈࡅࠬ࠻࡝࡯ߦࠃࠆ⎇ⓥน⢻ᕈߦߟ޿ߡᜰ៰ߒߚ‫ޕ‬    ‫  ޤ࠼࡯ࡢ࡯ࠠޣ‬ㇱᵴേ ․೎ᵴേ 㐳ᦼ⊛ലᨐΣ ໧㗴ߩᚲ࿷
ᧄⓂߩ⋡⊛ߪ㧘ⶄᢙߩᄢቇߢታᣉߐࠇߚᄢቇ↢ኻ⽎ߩ⾰໧⚕⺞ᩏߩౣಽᨆࠍ߽ߣߦ㧘ᄢቇ↢ᵴߦኻߔࠆᔒะᕈߦ෸߷ߔਛቇ࡮㜞ᩞㇱᵴേෳടߩᓇ㗀ߦߟ޿ߡᬌ⸛ࠍⴕ߁ߎߣߢ޽ࠆ‫ߩߘޕ‬⚿ᨐࠍ߽ߣߦㇱᵴേ߿․೎ᵴേߥߤ㧘ᢎ⑼ᄖᵴേߩ㐳ᦼ⊛ലᨐߦ㑐ߔࠆಽᨆน⢻ᕈߦߟ޿ߡ⠨ኤߔࠆ‫ޕ‬
ᢎ⑼ᄖᵴേߦ㑐ߔࠆታ⸽⎇ⓥߪਥߦㇱᵴേࠍኻ⽎ߦߒ㧘ታᣉߐࠇߡ߈ߚ‫ ߦ․ޕ‬1990 ᐕઍએ㒠㧘ࠕࡔ࡝ࠞߩ Extracurricular Activity㧔⺖ᄖᵴേ㧕ߦ㑐ߔࠆታ⸽⎇ⓥࠍෳ⠨ߦᢎ⢒␠ળቇ߿ᢎ⢒ᔃℂቇߦ߅޿ߡታ⸽⎇ⓥ߇ⴕࠊࠇߡ߈ߚ‫᧻⊕߫߃ߣߚޕ‬㧔1995㧕ߪ㜞ᩞ↢ࠍኻ⽎ߣߒߚ⾰໧⚕⺞ᩏࠍ↪޿ߡ㧘ㇱᵴേ߳ߩෳട߇ቇᩞ߳ߩㆡᔕࠍჇᄢߐߖࠆߎߣࠍ᣿ࠄ߆ߦߒߚ‫ޕ‬ห᭽ߩಽᨆ⚿ᨐߪศ᧛㧔1997㧕㧘⷏ፉࠄ(1999)㧘ⷺ⼱࡮ή⮮(2001)㧘᧲㊁㧔2003㧕㧘ጟ↰㧔2009㧕ߥߤߦ߽⷗ࠄࠇࠆ‫᧻⊕ߚ߹ޕ‬㧔1997㧕߿ⷺ⼱㧔2005㧕ߪㇱᵴേෳടߦࠃࠆቇᩞ↢ᵴ߳ߩࠦࡒ࠶࠻ࡔ
ࡦ࠻ߩଦㅴ߇㧘ቇᬺᚑ❣ߩะ਄ߦ߽ᓇ㗀ࠍਈ߃ߡ޿ࠆߎߣࠍ᣿ࠄ߆ߦߒߡ޿ࠆ‫ޕ‬ߎࠇࠄవⴕ⎇ⓥߪਛ㜞ᩞ↢ࠍኻ⽎ߦߒߚ⺞ᩏ࠺࡯࠲ߩಽᨆߦၮߠߊ߽ߩߢ޽ߞߚߎߣ߆ࠄ㧘ਥߦ⍴ᦼ⊛ലᨐߩ᷹ቯࠍⴕߞߡ޿ߚߣ⸃㉼ߔࠆߎߣ߇ߢ߈ࠆ‫ߒ߆ߒޕ‬ᢎ⢒ലᨐߪ⍴ᦼ⊛ലᨐߦ
ᐔᚑ 22 ᐕ 11 ᦬ 22 ᣣฃℂ㧖ߪߖ߇ࠊ࡮ࠁ߁ߔߌ ᄢಽᄢቇᢎ⢒⑔␩⑼ቇㇱ⊒㆐⑼ቇᢎ⢒⻠ᐳ㧔․೎ᵴേ⺰㧘↢ᓤᜰዉ⺰㧕98

㐳 ⼱ Ꮉ㒢ቯߐࠇߥ޿‫ޕ‬ᢎ⢒ലᨐߩಽ㘃ࠍⴕߞߚᣂၳ㧔1987㧕ߦࠃࠇ߫㧘ലᨐߩ᷹ቯࠍ޿߆ߥࠆᤨὐߦ
߅޿ߡⴕ߁߆ߦࠃߞߡ⍴ᦼ⊛ലᨐߣ㐳ᦼ⊛ലᨐߦ඙೎ߔࠆߎߣ߇ߢ߈ࠆ‫ޕ‬⍴ᦼߣ㐳ᦼߦ㑐ߔࠆ᣿⏕ߥ඙ಽߪኈᤃߢߪߥ޿߇㧘৻⥸⊛ߦߪቇᩞ࿷ቇਛߩലᨐߢ޽ࠇ߫⍴ᦼ⊛ലᨐ㧘ቇᩞතᬺᓟ
ߩലᨐߢ޽ࠇ߫㐳ᦼ⊛ലᨐߣᝒ߃ࠄࠇࠃ߁‫ߦ߆⏕ޕ‬ᣂၳ㧔1987㧕߇ᜰ៰ߒߡ޿ࠆࠃ߁ߦ㧘㐳ᦼ⊛ലᨐࠍታ⸽⊛ߦ᣿ࠄ߆ߦߔࠆߎߣߪኈᤃߢߪߥ޿‫ߒ߆ߒޕ‬ቇᩞᢎ⢒ߩ⻉ᵴേ߇↢ᓤߩතᬺᓟ
ߩ↢ᵴߦ߅޿ߡ᦭↪ߣߥࠆ⍮⼂߿ᘒᐲࠍりߦߟߌߐࠇࠆߎߣࠍ⋡⊛ߣߒߡ޿ࠆ㒢ࠅ㧘㐳ᦼ⊛ലᨐߩ⸃᣿ߦ㑐ᔃࠍะߌࠆߎߣߪ㊀ⷐߥ⎇ⓥ⺖㗴ߢ޽ࠆ‫ߪߣߎߩߎޕ‬ㇱᵴേߥߤᢎ⑼ᄖᵴേߦߟ
޿ߡ߽ห᭽ߢ޽ࠆ‫ޕ‬㐳ᦼ⊛ലᨐߦߟ޿ߡ㧘ࠕࡔ࡝ࠞߢߪ Extracurricular Activity ߦ㑐ߔࠆታ⸽⎇ⓥߩ৻Ⅳߣߒ
ߡಽᨆ߇⹜ߺࠄࠇߡ޿ࠆ‫ౕޕ‬૕⊛ߦߪතᬺᓟߩ↢ᵴߦ Extracurricular Activity ߩ⚻㛎߇ߤߩࠃ߁ߥᓇ㗀ࠍ෸߷ߒߡ޿ࠆ߆ߤ߁߆ࠍᬌ⸛ߒߡ޿ࠆ‫ ߫߃ߣߚޕ‬Mahoney ࠄ㧔2003㧕ߪ㧘❑ᢿ࠺࡯࠲ࠍ↪޿ߡ㧘තᬺᓟߩᢎ⢒㆐ᚑߦ Extracurricular Activity ߇ᱜߩᓇ㗀߇޽ࠆߎߣࠍታ⸽
⊛ߦ᣿ࠄ߆ߦߒߡ޿ࠆ‫ޕ‬৻ᣇ㧘ᣣᧄߢߪㇱᵴേߩ㐳ᦼ⊛ലᨐߦ㑐ߔࠆታ⸽⎇ⓥߪ㕖Ᏹߦዋߥ޿‫ߩߘޕ‬ේ࿃ߩ㧝ߟߪᣣᧄߢߪࠕࡔ࡝ࠞߩࠃ߁ߥ❑ᢿ⊛࠺࡯࠲ߩ౉ᚻ߇࿎㔍ߢ޽ࠆߎߣ߇᜼ߍࠄࠇࠆߛࠈ߁‫ߦ․ޕ‬ㄭᐕ㧘୘ੱᖱႎߩ଻⼔㧘▤ℂߦ㑐ߔࠆᗧ⼂߇㜞߹ߞߡ߅ࠅ㧘තᬺ↢ߩ⺞ᩏࠍታᣉߔࠆߎߣߪ࿎㔍ߦߥߞߡ߈ߡ޿ࠆ‫ߣࠞ࡝ࡔࠕޕ‬ห᭽ߩ⺞ᩏಽᨆࠍⴕ޿ߚߊߡ߽㧘ߘߩታ⃻ߪኈᤃߢߥߊߥߞߡ޿ࠆ‫ޕ‬ߎ߁ߒߚ⁁ᴫਅߢ㧘੹ᓟߩᣣᧄߦ߅ߌࠆᢎ⑼ᄖᵴേߩ㐳ᦼ⊛ലᨐߦ㑐ߔࠆಽᨆน⢻ᕈࠍ⠨߃ࠆߣ߈㧘ᢪ⮮㧔2001㧕ߩ⎇ⓥߪᵈ⋡ߦ୯ߔࠆ‫ޕ‬ᢧ⮮㧔2001㧕ߪᄢቇ↢ߦ㑐ߔࠆ⾰໧⚕⺞ᩏ࠺࡯࠲ࠍ↪޿ߡ㧘ᄢቇ↢ᵴߦਈ߃ࠆਛቇ࡮㜞ᩞㇱᵴേ⚻㛎ߩᓇ㗀ߦ㑐ߔࠆಽᨆࠍ⹜ߺߡ޿ࠆ‫ߩߘޕ‬⚿ᨐ㧘ਛቇᩞ㧘㜞ᩞㇱᵴേߩ⚻㛎⠪ߪᄢቇߦ߅ߌࠆ෹ੱ㑐ଥߦ߅޿ߡࠬ࠻࡟ࠬࠍᛴ߃ࠆߎߣ߇
ዋߥߊ㧘ᄢቇህ޿ߦߥࠆߎߣ߇ዋߥ޿ߎߣࠍ᣿ࠄ߆ߦߒߚ‫ߦ߆⏕ޕ‬ᄢቇ↢ߥࠄ߫৻⥸⊛ߦᲧセ⊛࠺࡯࠲ߩ౉ᚻߪኈᤃߢ޽ࠆߎߣߣ㧘ᄢቇ↢ᵴ߽තᬺᓟߩ↢ᵴߩ 1 ߟߢ޽ࠆ߆ࠄ㧘‫ޟ‬㐳ᦼ⊛ലᨐ‫ࠍޠ‬ᬌ⸛ߔࠆߎߣߪน⢻ߢ޽ࠆ‫ߒ߆ߒޕ‬ᢪ⮮㧔2001㧕ߪಽᨆኻ⽎߇㧝ߟߩᄢቇ࡮ቇㇱ㧘ߐࠄߦ㧝ᐕ↢ߦ㒢ቯߐࠇߡ޿ࠆὐ߿㧘ಽᨆߦ߅޿ߡㇱᵴേએᄖߩਛቇ↢ᵴ㧘㜞ᩞ↢ᵴߦ㑐ߔࠆᄌᢙߩᓇ㗀ࠍ⠨ᘦߒߡ޿ߥ޿ߎߣߥߤ߇⺖㗴ߣߒߡᱷߐࠇߡ޿ࠆ‫ޕ‬
ߘߎߢᧄⓂߢߪ㧘ⶄᢙߩᄢቇߢታᣉߐࠇߚᄢቇ↢ኻ⽎ߩ⾰໧⚕࠺࡯࠲ߩౣಽᨆߦၮߠ޿ߡ㧘ᄢቇ↢ᵴߦ෸߷ߔਛቇߣ㜞ᩞㇱᵴേ⚻㛎ߩᓇ㗀ߦߟ޿ߡᬌ⸛ߔࠆ‫੹ޕ‬࿁㧘ᄢቇ↢ᵴࠍ␜ߔᜰᮡ
ߣߒߡ㧘ቇ↢⥄り߇⠨߃ࠆᄢቇ↢ᵴߩ޽ࠅᣇ߳ߩ⠨߃߿Ꮧᦸߥߤߢ޽ࠆᄢቇ↢ᵴߦኻߔࠆᔒะ
ᕈߦ⌕⋡ߔࠆ‫ߩߘޕ‬ℂ↱ߪ㧘ᄢቇ↢ᵴߪ㜞ᩞ↢ᵴએ਄ߦ㧘ቇ↢୘ੱߩᔒะᕈߦࠃߞߡⷙቯߐࠇ
ࠆ߆ࠄߢ޽ࠆ‫ޕ‬㜞ᩞએ೨߹ߢߪቇᩞ஥߇ቯ߼ߚᤨ㑆ഀߦࠃߞߡⴕേ߇ⷙቯߐࠇࠆ‫৻ޕ‬ᣇ㧘ᄢቇߩ႐วߪේೣ㧘᝼ᬺㆬᛯߪቇ↢୘ੱߦࠁߛߨࠄࠇߡ߅ࠅ㧘߹ߚ᝼ᬺએᄖߩ⥄↱ߥᤨ㑆߽㜞ᩞએ਄ߦᄙ޿‫ޕ‬㜞ᩞએ਄ߦᄢቇߢߪቇ↢୘ੱߩᔒะᕈ߇↢ᵴߩ޽ࠅᣇߦᄢ߈ߥᓇ㗀ࠍ෸߷ߒߡ޿ࠆ
ߛࠈ߁‫ߦ߁ࠃߩߎޕ‬ᄢቇ↢ᵴߦኻߔࠆᔒะᕈߪᄢቇ↢ᵴߩታᘒࠍᝒ߃ࠆ਄ߢ㊀ⷐߥᜰᮡߣ⠨߃ࠄࠇ㧘ߘࠇࠍᓥዻᄌᢙߣߒߚಽᨆࠍⴕ߁ߎߣߦࠃࠅ㧘ਛቇ㜞ᩞㇱᵴേߩᄢቇ↢ᵴ߳ߩᓇ㗀㧘ߐࠄߦߪㇱᵴേߩ㐳ᦼ⊛ലᨐߩ৻┵ࠍ⸃᣿ߔࠆߎߣߦ⽸₂ߢ߈ࠆߣ⠨߃ࠆ‫ޕ‬એਅ㧘ಽᨆᣇᴺߦߟ޿ߡ⺑᣿ࠍⴕ޿㧘ᄢቇ↢ᵴߦኻߔࠆᔒะᕈߦ㑐ߔࠆਛቇߣ㜞ᩞㇱᵴേෳടߩᓇ㗀ߦߟ޿ߡಽᨆࠍⴕ߁‫⚿ߩߘޕ‬ᨐࠍ〯߹߃ߡ㧘ㇱᵴേࠍ฽߼ߚᢎ⑼ᄖᵴേߦ㑐ߔࠆ㐳ᦼ⊛ലᨐߩಽᨆน⢻ᕈߦߟ޿ߡ⠨ኤࠍⴕ߁‫ޕ‬ᄢቇ↢ᵴߦኻߔࠆᔒะᕈߦ෸߷ߔਛቇ㜞ᩞㇱᵴേߩᓇ㗀99Τ ಽᨆᣇᴺ
1 ಽᨆߩⷞὐ
ᧄⓂߢߪᄢቇ↢ᵴߦኻߔࠆᔒะᕈߦ෸߷ߔᄢቇ౉ቇએ೨ߩㇱᵴേෳടߩᓇ㗀ߦߟ޿ߡᬌ⸛ߔ
ࠆ‫ߕ߹ޕ‬ᄢቇ౉ቇએ೨ߩㇱᵴേෳടߣߒߡ㧘ਛቇߣ㜞ᩞߩㇱᵴേෳട⁁ᴫߦ⌕⋡ߔࠆ‫ޕ‬ㇱᵴേෳട⁁ᴫߪᄢ߈ߊ㧟ߟߦ඙೎ߔࠆ‫ޕ‬1 ߟ⋡ߪ‫⛯⛮ޟ‬⠪‫ߢޠ‬㧘ߎࠇߪㇱᵴേߦᦨᓟ߹ߢ㧔ᒁㅌ߹ߢ㧕⛮⛯ߒߡෳടߒߚ⠪ࠍᜰߔ‫⺞ޕ‬ᩏ␿ߦ߅޿ߡਛቇ߽ߒߊߪ㜞ᩞߩㇱᵴേߩෳട⁁ᴫߦ㑐ߔࠆ㗄⋡ߦ߅޿ߡ‫ޟ‬ᒁㅌߔࠆ߹ߢෳടߒߡ޿ߚ‫ࠍޠ‬ㆬᛯߒߚ⠪߇‫⛯⛮ޟ‬⠪‫⹥ߦޠ‬ᒰߔࠆ‫ޕ‬2 ߟ⋡ߪ‫ޟ‬ㅌㇱ⠪‫ߢޠ‬㧘ߎࠇߪㇱᵴേߦෳടߒߚ߇㧘ᒁㅌ೨ߦਛㅜㅌㇱߒߚ⠪ࠍᜰߔ‫⺞ޕ‬ᩏ␿ߦ߅޿
ߡ‫ޟ‬ෳടߒߡ޿ߚߌߤㅜਛߢ߿߼ߚ‫ࠍޠ‬ㆬᛯߒߚ⠪߇‫ޟ‬ㅌㇱ⠪‫⹥ߦޠ‬ᒰߔࠆ‫ޕ‬3 ߟ⋡ߪ‫ޟ‬ਇෳട⠪‫ߢޠ‬㧘৻ᐲߩㇱᵴേߦෳടߒߥ߆ߞߚ⠪ࠍᜰߔ 㧝㧕‫ޕ‬ෳടߩ᦭ήߛߌߢߪߥߊ㧘ㇱᵴേෳടߩᦼ㑆㧘ߔߥࠊߜᒁㅌ߹ߢ⛮⛯ߒߡෳടߒߚ߆ߤ߁߆ߣ޿߁ߎߣ߽኿⒟ߦ౉ࠇ㧘ಽᨆࠍⴕ߁‫ޕ‬ߘߩ਄ߢ㧘ᄢቇ↢ᵴߦኻߔࠆᔒะᕈߣਛቇ㜞ᩞߩㇱᵴേෳട⁁ᴫߩ㑐ㅪࠍᬌ⸛ߔࠆ‫੹ޕ‬࿁ߪᄢቇ↢ߩቇᐕߦࠃࠆ⋧㆑ߦ߽⌕⋡ߒߚ޿‫ߜࠊߥߔޕ‬ㇱᵴേෳട⁁ᴫ೎ߩᄢቇ↢ᵴߦኻߔࠆᔒะ
ᕈߩ⋧㆑ߪ㧘ㇱᵴേෳട߆ࠄᲧセ⊛޽߹ࠅᤨ㑆߇⚻ㆊߒߡ޿ߥ޿㧝ᐕ↢ߛߌߦߺࠄࠇࠆߩ߆㧘ߘࠇߣ߽ᤨ㑆߇⚻ㆊߒߚ㧞ᐕ↢એ਄ߦ߅޿ߡ߽⷗ࠄࠇࠆߩ߆㧘ߘࠇߣ߽㧝ᐕ↢ߢߪ⋧㆑ߪߥ߆ߞߚ߇㧞ᐕ↢એ਄ߦߥࠆߣ⋧㆑߇⷗ࠄࠇࠆࠃ߁ߦߥࠆ߆㧘ߣ޿߁ὐߦߟ޿ߡᬌ⸛ߔࠆ‫⴫߅ߥޕ‬㧝߆ࠄࠊ߆ࠆࠃ߁ߦ੹࿁ߩ⺞ᩏኻ⽎⠪ߪᄢቇ㧟㧘㧠ᐕ↢߇ዋߥ޿‫߼ߚߩߘޕ‬㧝ᐕ↢ߣ㧞ᐕ↢એ਄ߦ㧞ߟߩࠣ࡞࡯ࡊߦ඙೎ߒߡಽᨆߔࠆ‫ޕ‬ߐࠄߦᄢቇ↢ᵴߦኻߔࠆᔒะᕈࠍᓥዻᄌᢙߣߒߚ㊀࿁Ꮻಽᨆࠍⴕ߁‫┙⁛ޕ‬ᄌᢙߪㇱᵴേએᄖߩᄌᢙߣߒߡ㧘ᄢቇ↢ᵴߦ㑐ߔࠆᄌᢙߣਛቇ↢ᵴ߿㜞ᩞ↢ᵴߦ㑐ߔࠆᄌᢙࠍᗐቯߒ㧘ߘࠇࠄߩᓇ㗀ࠍขࠅ㒰޿ߡ߽ߥ߅ㇱᵴേෳട߇ᄢቇ↢ᵴߦኻߔࠆᔒะᕈߦᓇ㗀ࠍ෸߷ߒߡ޿ࠆߩ߆ᬌ⸛
ߔࠆ‫ߚ߹ޕ‬㊀࿁Ꮻಽᨆߦ߅޿ߡ߽ቇᐕ೎㧔㧝ᐕ↢ߩߺ㧛㧞ᐕ↢એ਄㧕ߩಽᨆࠍⴕ޿㧘ㇱᵴേෳടߩᓇ㗀ߩ޽ࠄࠊࠇᣇ߇ᤨ㑆⚻ㆊߦࠃߞߡ⋧㆑ࠍ߽ߚࠄߔߩ߆ߤ߁߆ᬌ⸛ߔࠆ‫ޕ‬

2 ಽᨆߦ↪޿ࠆ࠺࡯࠲ߩ᭎ⷐ
ᧄ⎇ⓥߪ㧘ᄢቇ↢ࠍኻ⽎ߣߒߚㇱᵴേߦ㑐ߔࠆ⺞ᩏ㧔⾰໧⚕⺞ᩏ㧕ߩ࠺࡯࠲ߩౣಽᨆࠍⴕ߁‫ޕ‬ߎߩ⺞ᩏߪ㜞ᩞㇱᵴേߩᄙ᭽ᕈߥߤߦ㑐ߔࠆಽᨆࠍⴕ߁ߚ߼ߦ⸳⸘ߐࠇߚ߽ߩߢ޽ࠅ㧘ߔߢߦ㐳⼱Ꮉ㧔2005㧘2006㧕ߥߤߦ߅޿ߡಽᨆ⚿ᨐߩᚑᨐࠍ౏⴫ߒߡ޿ࠆ‫⺞ߚ߹ޕ‬ᩏߪ 2003 ᐕ 4 ᦬
߆ࠄ 5 ᦬ߦ߆ߌߡታᣉߐࠇߚ߽ߩߢ޽ࠅ㧘⃻ᤨὐߢߪ߿߿ฎ޿࠺࡯࠲ߣߥߞߡ޿ࠆߎߣߦ⇐ᗧߔࠆᔅⷐ߇޽ࠆ‫ޕ‬ߒ߆ߒ৻⥸⊛ߥᄢቇ↢⺞ᩏߣ⇣ߥࠅ㧘ਛቇ߿㜞ᩞߩㇱᵴേෳട⁁ᴫ߇ᛠីߐࠇߡ߅ࠅ㧘ᧄⓂ
ߩಽᨆ㑐ᔃߦߪᦨㆡߥ⺞ᩏ࠺࡯࠲ߢ޽ࠆ‫⴫ߚ߹ޕ‬㧝߆ࠄࠊ߆ࠆࠃ߁ߦ㧘᦭ല࿁╵⠪ᢙߪ 1754ฬߣࠨࡦࡊ࡞ࠨࠗ࠭߇Ყセ⊛ᄢ߈޿࠺࡯࠲ߢ߽޽ࠆ‫ޕ‬ߐࠄߦ⺞ᩏኻ⽎ᄢቇߪᢧ⮮㧔2001㧕ߣ⇣ߥࠅ㧘ⶄᢙߩᄢቇߩቇ↢߇⺞ᩏኻ⽎ߣߥߞߡ޿ߚ‫ޕ‬ౕ૕⊛ߦߪਛ࿖࡮྾࿖࿾ᣇߦᚲ࿷ߔࠆ 6 ߟߩ㧠ᐕ೙ᄢቇ㧔߁ߜ࿖┙㧞ᩞ㧘⑳┙㧠ᩞ㧕ߢ޽ࠆ‫ޕ‬ㇱᵴേߩ㐳ᦼ⊛ലᨐߩ৻┵ࠍ᣿ࠄ߆ߦߔࠆ਄ߢߎߩ࠺࡯࠲ࠍౣಽᨆߔࠆߎߣߪ⎇ⓥ਄ߩᗧ⟵߇޽ࠆߣ⠨߃ࠄࠇࠆ‫ޕ‬100

㐳 ⼱ Ꮉ⴫ ⺞ᩏኻ⽎⠪ߩ᭎ⷐ
ᄢቇ
ᕈ೎
ቇᐕ
ቇㇱ
ᄢቇ䉰䊷䉪䊦

࿖┙Aᄢ
24.9
↵
55.1
䋱ᐕ
52.9
ᢥ⑼♽
52.8

࿖┙䌂ᄢ
21.4
ᅚ
44.9
䋲ᐕ
27.7
ℂ⑼♽
20.4

⑳┙䌃ᄢ ⑳┙䌄ᄢ
24.8
9.1
ว⸘
100.0 (1751)
䋳ᐕ
䋴ᐕએ਄
16.2
3.2
ᢎ⢒
䈠䈱ઁ
20.0
6.7

⑳┙䌅ᄢ
15.1

૕⢒ળ♽

૕⢒หᅢ
ળ♽

ᢥൻ♽

䈠䈱ઁ

㖸ᭉ♽

⑳┙䌆ᄢ
4.8

ว⸘
100.0 (1754)ว⸘
100.0 (1750)
ว⸘
100.0 (1751)
ว⸘

ਇෳട

20.0
7.5
10.7
5.4
2.1
54.3
ว⸘
࿖┙
౏┙
⑳┙
3.3
78.8
17.9
100.0 (1725)
᥉ㅢ⑼♽ ໡ᬺ⑼♽ Ꮏᬺ⑼♽ ૕⢒⑼♽ ✚วቇ⑼♽ 䈠䈱ઁ಴り㜞ᩞ䈱⺖⒟
86.5
3.5
3.2
0.2
2.8
3.8
̪‫ޓ‬ᢙ୯ߪ㧑‫ޔ‬㧔‫ޓ‬㧕ౝߪੱᢙ‫ޕ‬

100.0 (1713)

಴り㜞ᩞ䈱⸳⟎⠪ว⸘
100.0 (1753)

ಽᨆߩ೨ߦਛቇᩞߣ㜞ᩞㇱᵴേߩෳട⁁ᴫࠍ⏕⹺ߒߚ޿㧔⴫㧞㧕‫ߕ߹ޕ‬ਛቇߦߟ޿ߡߪ߶ߣࠎ
ߤߩ⠪߇ㇱᵴേߦෳടߒߡ޿ߚߎߣ߇ࠊ߆ࠆ‫ౕޕ‬૕⊛ߦߪ⛮⛯⠪߇ 83.4㧑㧘ਛㅌ⠪߇ 9.9㧑ߣߥߞߡ߅ࠅ㧘ߘࠇࠄߩว⸘ߢ޽ࠆෳട⠪ߪ 93.3㧑ߣߥߞߡ޿ߚ‫ޕ‬ਛቇᩞߩ႐ว㧘↢ᓤᜰዉߩ৻
Ⅳߣߒߡㇱᵴേෳടࠍᅑബߔࠆቇᩞ߇ᄙ޿ߚ߼㧘㕖Ᏹߦ㜞޿ෳട₸ߣߥߞߡ޿ࠆ߽ߩߣផኤߐ
ࠇࠆ‫৻ޕ‬ᣇ㧘㜞ᩞߦߥࠆߣㇱᵴേෳടߩഀวߪᷫዋߔࠆ‫⛯⛮ޕ‬⠪߇ 61.9㧑㧘ਛㅌ⠪߇ 15.2㧑ߣߥߞߡ߅ࠅ㧘ߘࠇࠄߩว⸘ߢ޽ࠆෳട⠪ߪ 77.1㧑ߣߥߞߡ޿ߚ‫ޕ‬ਛቇߣᲧߴ㜞ᩞߩෳട⁁ᴫ߇ૐߊߥߞߡ޿ࠆߩߪ㧘㜞ᩞߩ႐ว㧘ㇱᵴേෳട߇↢ᓤߩ⥄ਥᕈߦᆔߨࠆቇᩞ߇ᄙ޿ߚ߼ߣ⠨߃ࠄࠇࠆ‫߅ߥ߽ߢࠇߘߒ߆ߒޕ‬ㇱᵴേෳട⠪߇㧣ഀㄭߊ߽޿ࠆߎߣ߆ࠄ㧘ᄙߊߩ㜞ᩞ↢ߦߣߞߡㇱᵴേߩෳടߪ㜞ᩞ↢ᵴߦ߅޿ߡ㊀ⷐߥ૏⟎ߠߌ߇ߥߐࠇߡ޿ࠆߎߣ߇ផኤߐࠇࠆ㧞㧕‫ޕ‬⴫ ਛቇㇱᵴേ㧘㜞ᩞㇱᵴേߩෳട⁁ᴫ
⛮⛯⠪
ਛቇㇱᵴേ
㜞ᩞㇱᵴേ

83.3%
61.9%

ㅌㇱ⠪

ਇෳട⠪

9.9%
15.2%

6.7%
22.9%

ෳട⠪
䋨⛮⛯⠪+ㅌㇱ⠪䋩
93.3%
77.1%




Υ ಽᨆ⚿ᨐ1 ㇱᵴേෳട೎ߦߺߚᄢቇ↢ᵴߦኻߔࠆᔒะᕈ
ߪߓ߼ߦㇱᵴേෳട೎ߦߺߚᄢቇ↢ᵴߦኻߔࠆᔒะᕈߩ⋧㆑ࠍᬌ⸛ߒߚ޿‫߼ߓ߆ࠄ޽ޕ‬ᄢቇ↢ᵴߦኻߔࠆᔒะᕈߦ㑐ߔࠆ㗄⋡㧔‫ࠆ߹ߪߡ޽߽ߡߣޟ‬㧔㧠ὐ㧕‫ߥࠄ߹ߪߡ޽ߊߚߞ߹ޟࠄ߆ޠ‬޿㧔㧝ὐ㧕‫ߩޠ‬㧠ઙᴺ㧕ࠍ↪޿ߡ࿃ሶಽᨆ㧔࿕᦭୯ߦၮߠߊ㊀ߺઃߌߩߥ޿ᦨዊੑਸ਼ᴺ㧘ࡊࡠࡑ࠶ࠢࠬ࿁ォ㧕ࠍⴕߞߚ‫㉼⸃ޕ‬น⢻ᕈ╬ࠍᬌ⸛ߒߚ⚿ᨐ㧘ᦨ⚳⊛ߦ⴫㧟ߦឝタߒߡ޿ࠆ㧣㗄⋡ࠍ↪޿ߡಽᨆࠍⴕ޿㧘㧞ߟߩ࿃ሶ߇᛽಴ߐࠇߚ‫ޕ‬╙㧝࿃ሶߪ‫ޟ‬ᓐ᳁߿ᓐᅚߣㆆ߮ߚ޿‫ޠ‬‫ᦨޟ‬ᣂߩᵹⴕࠍߔߋߦขࠅ౉ࠇߚ޿‫ߩߤߥޠ‬᝼ᬺ߿ቇ⠌101ᄢቇ↢ᵴߦኻߔࠆᔒะᕈߦ෸߷ߔਛቇ㜞ᩞㇱᵴേߩᓇ㗀એᄖߩㆆ߮ߦ㑐ᔃࠍะߌߡ޿ࠆ㗄⋡ߦࠃߞߡ᭴ᚑߐࠇߡ޿ߚߎߣ߆ࠄ㧘‫ ޟ‬ㆆ߮ᔒะ‫ߣޠ‬๮ฬߒߚ‫ޕ‬╙㧞࿃ሶߪ‫ߩ⺆⧷ޟ‬ീᒝࠍߒߚ޿‫ޠ‬‫ߩࡦࠦ࠰ࡄޟ‬ീᒝࠍߒߚ޿‫ߤߥޠ‬㧘ᄢቇ↢ᵴߦ߅޿ߡ૗߆ߒ
ࠄߩࠬࠠ࡞₪ᓧߦኻߔࠆ㑐ᔃࠍ␜ߔ㗄⋡ߦࠃߞߡ᭴ᚑߐࠇߡ޿ߚߎߣ߆ࠄ㧘‫࡞ࠠࠬޟ‬₪ᓧᔒะ‫ޠ‬ߣ๮ฬߒߚ‫ޕ‬⴫ ᄢቇ↢ᵴߦኻߔࠆᔒะᕈߦ㑐ߔࠆ࿃ሶಽᨆ⚿ᨐㆆ䈶ᔒะ䉴䉨䊦₪ᓧᔒะ
ᓐ᳁䉇ᓐᅚ䈫ㆆ䈶䈢䈇
0.809-0.062䉮䊮䊌䈮ⴕ䈐䈢䈇
0.686-0.103ᦨᣂ䈱ᵹⴕ䉕䈜䈓ข䉍౉䉏䈢䈇
0.475
0.134
0.359
0.249
ᣏⴕ䈮ⴕ䈐䈢䈇
0.005
0.674
⧷⺆䈱ീᒝ䉕䈚䈢䈇-0.0300.521䊌䉸䉮䊮䉕ീᒝ䈚䈢䈇
0.014
0.460
䊗䊤䊮䊁䉞䉝䉕䈚䈢䈇
0.011
0.372
⾗ᩰ䉕䈫䉎䈢䉄䈱ീᒝ䉕䈏䉖䈳䉍䈢䈇
1.585
1.298
࿁ォᓟ䈱⽶⩄㊂ᐔᣇ๺㊀䉂ઃ䈔䈱䈭䈇ᦨዊੑਸ਼ᴺ 䇮䊒䊨䊙䉾䉪䉴ᴺ䋨䋳࿁䈱࿁ォ䈪෼᧤䋩
⽶⩄㊂0.350એ਄䉕ណ↪

࿃ሶ⋧㑐ⴕ೉
ㆆ䈶ᔒะ䉴䉨䊦₪ᓧᔒะ

ㆆ䈶ᔒะ䉴䉨䊦₪ᓧᔒะ
1.000
0.274
0.274
1.000

ᰴߦㇱᵴേෳട⁁ᴫߦࠃࠅ㧘ᄢቇ↢ᵴߦኻߔࠆᔒะᕈߦ㆑޿߇޽ࠆߩ߆ᬌ⸛ߒߚ‫ౕޕ‬૕⊛ߦߪᄢቇ↢ᵴߦኻߔࠆᔒะᕈߦ㑐ߔࠆ࿃ሶಽᨆߦࠃߞߡ▚಴ߐࠇߚ࿃ሶᓧὐࠍ↪޿㧘ㇱᵴേෳട⁁ᴫߦࠃࠅ࿃ሶᓧὐᐔဋ୯ߦᏅ߇޽ࠆ߆᣿ࠄ߆ߦߔࠆߚ߼৻ర㈩⟎ಽᢔಽᨆࠍⴕߞߚ㧔⴫㧠㧕‫ޕ‬ోቇᐕߩ⚿ᨐࠍ⷗ߡߺࠆߣ㧘ਛቇ㜞ᩞߣ߽ߦㇱᵴേෳട⁁ᴫߦࠃߞߡ㧘ㆆ߮ᔒะ㧘ࠬࠠ࡞₪ᓧᔒะߩᐔဋ୯ߦ⛔⸘਄㧘᦭ᗧߥᏅ߇޽ߞߚߎߣ߇ࠊ߆ࠆ‫౒ޕ‬ㅢߒߡਇෳട⠪ߩᐔဋ୯߇ૐߊ㧘ㇱᵴേਇෳട⠪ߪᄢቇ౉ቇߒߚߩߜ㧘ㆆ߮߿ࠬࠠ࡞₪ᓧߦߟ޿ߡⓍᭂ⊛ߢߪߥ޿௑ะ߇⺒ߺขࠇࠆ‫ޕ‬ቇᐕ೎ߢ⷗ߚߣ߈㧘㧝ᐕ↢ߦߟ޿ߡߪਛቇㇱᵴേߦߟ޿ߡߪ⛔⸘਄㧘᦭ᗧߥᏅ߇⷗ࠄࠇ㧘ోቇᐕߩᤨߣห᭽ߦ㧘ਛቇㇱᵴേਇෳടߩᄢቇ㧝ᐕ↢ߪㆆ߮߿ࠬࠠ࡞₪ᓧߦߟ޿ߡⓍᭂ⊛ߢߪߥ߆ߞߚ‫ޕ‬㜞ᩞㇱᵴേߦߟ޿ߡߪࠬࠠ࡞₪ᓧᔒะߦ߅޿ߡ᦭ᗧߥᏅ߇޽ߞߚ‫ޕ‬㧞ᐕ↢એ਄ߦߟ޿
ߡߺߡߺࠆߣ㧘ਛቇㇱᵴേෳടߦߟ޿ߡߪ޿ߕࠇߩ࿃ሶ߽᦭ᗧߥᏅ߇ߥ߆ߞߚ‫৻ޕ‬ᣇ㧘㜞ᩞㇱᵴേߦߟ޿ߡߪ㧝ᐕ↢ߣห᭽ߦ㧘ࠬࠠ࡞₪ᓧᔒะߦ߅޿ߡ᦭ᗧߥᏅ߇޽ߞߚ‫⛯⛮ߦ․ޕ‬⠪߇ㅌㇱ⠪߿ਇෳട⠪ߣᲧߴߡᐔဋ୯߇㜞ߊ㧘⛮⛯⠪ߩࠬࠠ࡞₪ᓧߦኻߔࠆᗧ⼂ߩ㜞ߐ߇⏕⹺ߐࠇߚ‫ޕ‬⴫ ㇱᵴേෳട೎ߦߺߚᄢቇ↢ᵴߦኻߔࠆᔒะᕈߩ⋧㆑㧔৻ర㈩⟎ಽᢔಽᨆߩ⚿ᨐ㧕ోቇᐕㆆ䈶ᔒะ䉴䉨䊦₪ᓧᔒะ
0.017 **
0.023 *
ਛቇㇱᵴേ ⛮⛯⠪
0.024
-0.083ㅌㇱ⠪-0.239-0.162
ਇෳട⠪
0.001 ***
0.061 ***
㜞ᩞㇱᵴേ ⛮⛯⠪
0.064
-0.035ㅌㇱ⠪-0.042-0.138ਇෳട⠪㶎䇭ᢙ୯䈲࿃ሶᓧὐᐔဋ୯
㶎䇭***䈲p < 0.001䇮**䈲p < 0.01䇮*䈲p < 0.05䇯

ቇᐕ೎
䋱ᐕ↢
䋲ᐕ↢એ਄
ㆆ䈶ᔒะ
䉴䉨䊦₪ᓧᔒะ
ㆆ䈶ᔒะ䉴䉨䊦₪ᓧᔒะ
0.071 **
0.006 *
-0.0400.041
0.165-0.083-0.165-0.074-0.302-0.275-0.1480.024
0.036
0.034 **
-0.0370.090 *
0.112
-0.013-0.006-0.0690.049-0.185-0.153-0.083

102㐳 ⼱ Ꮉ2 ᄢቇ↢ᵴߦኻߔࠆᔒะᕈߩⷙቯⷐ࿃ಽᨆ
ߎߎ߹ߢߩಽᨆ⚿ᨐࠃࠅ㧘ㇱᵴേෳട⁁ᴫߦࠃࠅᄢቇ↢ᵴߦኻߔࠆᔒะᕈߩ޽ࠅᣇ߇⇣ߥߞߡ޿ࠆߎߣ߇᣿ࠄ߆ߦߐࠇߚ‫ߒ߆ߒޕ‬ᄢቇ↢ᵴߦኻߔࠆᔒะᕈࠍⷙቯߔࠆⷐ࿃ߪ㧘ਛቇ㧘㜞ᩞㇱᵴേߛߌߦ㒢ࠄߥ޿‫ޕ‬㜞ᩞㇱᵴേએᄖߩⷐ࿃ߩᓇ㗀ࠍ⛔೙ߒߚ਄ߢಽᨆߔࠆᔅⷐ߇޽ࠆ‫ߘޕ‬ߎߢᄢቇ↢ᵴߦኻߔࠆᔒะᕈࠍᓥዻᄌᢙߣߒߚ㊀࿁Ꮻಽᨆࠍⴕߞߚ‫ޕ‬ಽᨆࠍⴕ߁ߦ޽ߚࠅ㧘ᧄⓂߢߪᄢቇ↢ᵴߦኻߔࠆᔒะᕈࠍⷙቯߔࠆⷐ࿃ߣߒߡ㧘‫ޟ‬ዻᕈ‫ޟޠ‬ᄢቇ↢ᵴ㧔ᚲዻᄢቇ㧘ࠨ࡯ࠢ࡞ᵴേ㧕‫ޠ‬‫ޟ‬ਛቇ㜞ᩞᤨߩቇᬺᚑ❣㧔⥄Ꮖ⹏ଔ㧕‫ޠ‬‫ޟ‬㜞ᩞ↢ᵴ‫ޠ‬‫ޟ‬ਛቇ㜞
ᩞㇱᵴേ‫ߩޠ‬㧠ߟࠍᗐቯߒߚ‫ߜ߁ߩߘޕ‬㜞ᩞ↢ᵴߦ㑐ߔࠆᄌᢙߪ㧘࿃ሶಽᨆߦࠃߞߡ᛽಴ߐࠇ
ߚ࿃ሶࠍ↪޿ࠆߎߣߣߒߚ‫ޕ‬⴫㧡ߪ㜞ᩞ↢ᵴߩ࿃ሶಽᨆ㧔࿕᦭୯ߦၮߠߊ㊀ߺઃߌߩߥ޿ᦨዊੑਸ਼ᴺ㧘ࡃ࡝ࡑ࠶ࠢࠬ࿁ォ㧟㧕㧕ߩ⚿ᨐߢ޽ࠆ‫╙ޕ‬㧝࿃ሶߪ‫ޟ‬ቇᩞߩ⵬⠌ߪⓍᭂ⊛ߦෳടߒߡ޿ߚ‫ޠ‬‫ޟ‬ቇᩞߩീᒝߩ੍⠌࡮ᓳ⠌ࠍࠃߊߒߚ‫ߤߥޠ‬㜞ᩞ↢ߩᤨߦቇᩞߩ⻉ᵴേࠍ㊀ⷞߔࠆ㗄⋡ߦࠃߞߡ᭴ᚑߐࠇߡ޿ߚߩߢ㧘‫ޟ‬ቇᩞ㊀ⷞ㧔㜞ᩞ↢ᵴ㧕‫ߣޠ‬๮ฬߒߚ‫╙ޕ‬㧞࿃ሶߪ‫߽ߟ޿ޟޠߚߞⴕߊࠃߦࠤࠝ࡜ࠞޟ‬ᵹⴕߩ᦯ⵝࠍߔࠆࠃ߁ߦߒߡ޿ߚ‫ߤߥޠ‬㜞ᩞ↢ߩᤨ㧘ቇᄖߢߩㆆ߮ࠍ㊀ⷞߔࠆ㗄⋡ߦࠃߞߡ᭴ᚑߐࠇߡ
޿ߚߩߢ㧘‫ޟ‬ㆆ߮㊀ⷞ㧔㜞ᩞ↢ᵴ㧕‫ߣޠ‬๮ฬߒߚ‫╙ޕ‬㧟࿃ሶߪ‫ޟ‬Ⴖ߿੍஻ᩞߦᾲᔃߦㅢߞߚ‫ߥޠ‬⴫ 㜞ᩞ↢ᵴߦ㑐ߔࠆ࿃ሶಽᨆ⚿ᨐ
ቇᩞ㊀ⷞ
ㆆ䈶㊀ⷞ
ᄢቇㅴቇ㊀ⷞ
䋨㜞ᩞ↢ᵴ䋩
䋨㜞ᩞ↢ᵴ䋩
䋨㜞ᩞ↢ᵴ䋩
ቇᩞ䈱⵬⠌䈲Ⓧᭂ⊛䈮ෳട䈚䈩䈇䈢
0.640
0.013
0.218
ቇᩞ䈱ീᒝ䈱੍⠌䊶ᓳ⠌䉕䉋䈒䈚䈢
0.516
0.085
0.230
ᩞೣ䉕䉋䈒቞䉎ᣇ䈣䈦䈢
0.491-0.2890.031
ㆃೞ䊶ᰳᏨ䈏ᄙ䈎䈦䈢
-0.4830.075
0.028
ቇᩞⴕ੐䈲Ⓧᭂ⊛䈮ෳട䈚䈩䈇䈢
0.439
0.286
0.059
䉦䊤䉥䉬䈮䉋䈒ⴕ䈦䈢-0.1280.616
0.001
䈇䈧䉅ᵹⴕ䈱᦯ⵝ䉕䈜䉎䉋䈉䈮䈚䈩䈇䈢-0.0830.580
0.110
䉪䊤䉴䈱෹ੱ䈫ㆆ䈹䈖䈫䈏ᄙ䈎䈦䈢
0.172
0.402
0.002
0.134
-0.0170.822
ዋ䈚䈪䉅஍Ꮕ୯䈱㜞䈇ᄢቇ䈮ⴕ䈐䈢䈇䈫⠨䈋䈩䈇䈢Ⴖ䉇੍஻ᩞ䈮ᾲᔃ䈮ㅢ䈦䈢
0.066
0.063
0.391
࿁ォᓟ䈱⽶⩄㊂ᐔᣇ๺
1.418
1.059
0.947
ಽᢔ䈱 䋦
14.17910.595
9.469⚥Ⓧ 䋦
14.17924.77434.243㊀䉂ઃ䈔䈱䈭䈇ᦨዊੑਸ਼ᴺ 䇮䊋䊥䊙䉾䉪䉴ᴺ䋨䋵࿁䈱࿁ォ䈪෼᧤䋩
⽶⩄㊂0.350એ਄䉕ណ↪

⴫ ㊀࿁Ꮻಽᨆߢ↪޿ࠆᄌᢙ
ㆆ䈶ᔒะ䉴䉨䊦₪ᓧᔒะ
ዻᕈ
ᕈ೎
↵ᕈ䉻䊚䊷
ᚲዻᄢቇ
࿖┙䉻䊚䊷
ᄢቇ↢ᵴ
ᄢቇ䉰䊷䉪䊦 䉰䊷䉪䊦ෳട䉻䊚䊷ቇᬺᚑ❣䋨ਛቇතᬺᤨ䋩ਛቇ㜞ᩞᤨ䈱ቇᬺᚑ❣
ቇᬺᚑ❣䋨㜞ᩞතᬺᤨ䋩䋨⥄Ꮖ⹏ଔ䋩
ቇᩞ㊀ⷞ䋨㜞ᩞ↢ᵴ䋩
⁛┙ᄌᢙ
㜞ᩞ↢ᵴ
ㆆ䈶㊀ⷞ䋨㜞ᩞ↢ᵴ䋩ᄢቇㅴቇ㊀ⷞ䋨㜞ᩞ↢ᵴ䋩ਛቇㇱᵴേ⛮⛯䉻䊚䊷ਛቇㇱᵴേਛቇㇱᵴേㅌㇱ䉻䊚䊷ਛቇ㜞ᩞㇱᵴേ
㜞ᩞㇱᵴേ⛮⛯䉻䊚䊷㜞ᩞㇱᵴേ㜞ᩞㇱᵴേㅌㇱ䉻䊚䊷ᓥዻᄌᢙ ᄢቇ↢ᵴ䈮ኻ䈜䉎ᔒะ࿃ሶᓧὐ䉕૶↪
↵ᕈ䋽䋱䇮ᅚᕈ䋽䋰䈱䉻䊚䊷ᄌᢙ࿖┙䋽䋱䇮⑳┙䋽䋰ᄢቇ䉰䊷䉪䊦ෳട䋽䋱䇮ਇෳട䋽䋰⥄Ꮖ⹏ଔ䈮䉋䉎ቇᬺᚑ❣䈪䇮䈎䈭䉍਄䋽䋵䌾䈎䈭䉍ਅ䋽䋱䈱䋵Ბ㓏࿃ሶᓧὐ䉕૶↪
ਛቇㇱᵴേ䈮䇸ᒁㅌ䈜䉎䉁䈪ෳട䇹䋽䋱䇮䈠䉏એᄖ䋽䋰ਛቇㇱᵴേ䈮䇸ㅜਛ䈪ㅌㇱ䇹䋽䋱䇮䈠䉏એᄖ䋽䋰㜞ᩞㇱᵴേ䈮䇸ᒁㅌ䈜䉎䉁䈪ෳട䇹䋽䋱䇮䈠䉏એᄖ䋽䋰㜞ᩞㇱᵴേ䈮䇸ㅜਛ䈪ㅌㇱ䇹䋽䋱䇮䈠䉏એᄖ䋽䋰

103ᄢቇ↢ᵴߦኻߔࠆᔒะᕈߦ෸߷ߔਛቇ㜞ᩞㇱᵴേߩᓇ㗀ߤ㜞ᩞ↢ߩᤨ㧘ᄢቇㅴቇߦ㑐ߔࠆീᒝࠍ㊀ⷞߒߡ޿ߚ㗄⋡ߦࠃߞߡ᭴ᚑߐࠇߡ޿ߚߩߢ‫ޟ‬ᄢቇㅴቇ㊀ⷞ㧔㜞ᩞ↢ᵴ㧕‫ߣޠ‬๮ฬߒߚ‫⴫ޕ‬㧢ߪ㊀࿁Ꮻಽᨆߢ↪޿ࠆᄌᢙߩ᭎ⷐࠍ␜ߒߚ߽ߩߢ޽ࠆ‫ޕ‬⴫㧣ߪ㊀࿁Ꮻಽᨆߩ⚿ᨐߢ޽ࠆ‫ޕ‬ᓥዻᄌᢙ߇ㆆ߮ᔒะߩ⚿ᨐࠍ⷗ߡߺࠆߣ㧘ዻᕈ߿ᄢቇ↢ᵴ㧘ਛቇ㜞ᩞᤨߩቇᬺᚑ❣㧘㜞ᩞ↢ᵴߩᓇ㗀ࠍ⛔೙ߒߡ߽ߥ߅㧘ਛቇㇱᵴേෳടߦ㑐ߔࠆᄌᢙ߇᦭
ᗧߥᓇ㗀ࠍ෸߷ߒߡ޿ߚ‫ోޕ‬ቇᐕߩ⚿ᨐࠍ⷗ߡߺࠆߣ㧘ਛቇㇱᵴേ⛮⛯࠳ࡒ࡯ߣਛቇㇱᵴേㅌㇱ࠳ࡒ࡯߇᦭ᗧߥᓇ㗀ࠍ෸߷ߒߡ߅ࠅ㧘ߣ߽ߦǪ㧔ᮡḰ஍࿁Ꮻଥᢙ㧕ߩ୯߇ᱜߢ޽ߞߚ‫ߛߚޕ‬ߒ⴫㧠ࠍߺߡߺࠆߣ㧘ਛቇㇱᵴേෳട⁁ᴫ೎ߩㆆ߮ᔒะߩ࿃ሶᓧὐᐔဋ୯ߪ㧘⛮⛯⠪߿ㅌㇱ⠪ߩᓧὐ߇㜞޿ߩߢߪߥߊ㧘ਇෳട⠪ߩᓧὐ߇ᭂ┵ߦૐ߆ߞߚ‫ౕޕ‬૕⊛ߦߪోቇᐕߢਇෳട⠪ߩᐔဋ୯߇-0.239㧘㧝ᐕ↢ߢߪ-0.302 ߣߥߞߡ޿ߚ‫ߜࠊߥߔޕ‬ㇱᵴേෳട⠪ߩㆆ߮ᔒะ߇㜞޿ߩߢߪߥߊ㧘ਇෳട⠪ߩㆆ߮ᔒะ߇ૐ޿ߣ⸃㉼ߔߴ߈ߛࠈ߁‫⴫ߚ߹ޕ‬㧞߆ࠄࠊ߆ࠆߣ߅ࠅ㧘ਛቇ⴫ ᄢቇ↢ᵴߦኻߔࠆᔒะᕈߦ㑐ߔࠆ㊀࿁Ꮻಽᨆߩ⚿ᨐᓥዻᄌᢙ䋺ㆆ䈶ᔒะ
ቯᢙ
↵ᕈ䉻䊚䊷
࿖┙䉻䊚䊷
䉰䊷䉪䊦ෳട䉻䊚䊷ቇᬺᚑ❣䋨ਛቇතᬺᤨ䋩ቇᬺᚑ❣䋨㜞ᩞතᬺᤨ䋩ቇᩞ㊀ⷞ䋨㜞ᩞ↢ᵴ䋩ㆆ䈶㊀ⷞ䋨㜞ᩞ↢ᵴ䋩ᄢቇㅴቇ㊀ⷞ䋨㜞ᩞ↢ᵴ䋩ਛቇㇱᵴേ⛮⛯䉻䊚䊷ਛቇㇱᵴേㅌㇱ䉻䊚䊷㜞ᩞㇱᵴേ⛮⛯䉻䊚䊷㜞ᩞㇱᵴേㅌㇱ䉻䊚䊷
F୯
R

ోቇᐕ
B
-0.4600.252-0.0240.111
0.044-0.022-0.031
0.480
0.164
0.164
0.203
0.052
0.034

2

⺞ᢛᷣR

2

ᓥዻᄌᢙ䋺䉴䉨䊦₪ᓧᔒะ
ቯᢙ
↵ᕈ䉻䊚䊷
࿖┙䉻䊚䊷
䉰䊷䉪䊦ෳട䉻䊚䊷ቇᬺᚑ❣䋨ਛቇතᬺᤨ䋩ቇᬺᚑ❣䋨㜞ᩞතᬺᤨ䋩ቇᩞ㊀ⷞ䋨㜞ᩞ↢ᵴ䋩ㆆ䈶㊀ⷞ䋨㜞ᩞ↢ᵴ䋩ᄢቇㅴቇ㊀ⷞ䋨㜞ᩞ↢ᵴ䋩ਛቇㇱᵴേ⛮⛯䉻䊚䊷ਛቇㇱᵴേㅌㇱ䉻䊚䊷㜞ᩞㇱᵴേ⛮⛯䉻䊚䊷㜞ᩞㇱᵴേㅌㇱ䉻䊚䊷
F୯
2

β

***
0.145 ***
-0.0140.064 **
0.055 *
-0.028-0.0290.434 ***
0.159 ***
0.071 *
0.070 *
0.029
0.014
43.099 ***B-0.3880.187
0.083-0.0160.033-0.009-0.064
0.522
0.126
0.264
0.233
-0.037-0.048*0.105 **
0.045
-0.0090.039-0.011-0.0600.451 ***
0.120 ***
0.092 *
0.103 *
-0.020-0.02022.854 ***

ቇᐕ೎

䋲ᐕ↢એ਄
B
β
-0.548**0.323
0.191 ***
-0.083 -0.048
0.211
0.125 ***
0.058
0.071
-0.029 -0.038
0.006
0.005
0.441
0.418 ***
0.208
0.205 ***
0.110
0.038
0.073
0.030
0.124
0.071
0.116
0.046
22.444 ***

0.238

0.243

0.255

0.232

0.232

0.244

ోቇᐕ
B
-0.292-0.1980.022-0.004
0.075
0.002
0.191
0.170
0.189
0.013
0.012
0.137
0.138

䋱ᐕ↢
β

β

**
-0.123 ***0.014-0.0030.100 ***
0.003
0.196 ***
0.167 ***
0.198 ***
0.006
0.004
0.083 **
0.062 *
32.823 ***B-0.426-0.1700.023-0.057
0.083
0.009
0.220
0.143
0.192
0.110
0.192
0.094
0.148

䋱ᐕ↢
β

**
-0.106 **0.014-0.0340.111 **
0.013
0.228 ***
0.138 ***
0.204 ***
0.054
0.075
0.058
0.070
18.494 ***

ቇᐕ೎

䋲ᐕ↢એ਄
B
β
-0.118-0.249 -0.155 ***
0.064
0.039
0.042
0.026
0.064
0.082 *
-0.011 -0.015
0.167
0.167 ***
0.201
0.200 ***
0.191
0.197 ***
-0.104 -0.045-0.191 -0.069
0.187
0.111 **
0.122
0.051
15.741 ***

0.192

0.206

0.194

0.186
⺞ᢛᷣR
㶎䇭***䈲p < 0.001䇮**䈲p < 0.01䇮*䈲p < 0.05䇯

0.195

0.181

R

2

104

㐳 ⼱ Ꮉᩞߩ႐ว㧘߶ߣࠎߤߩ⠪߇ㇱᵴേߦෳടߒߡ޿ߚ‫ߚߞ޿߁ߘޕ‬ਛ㧘ㇱᵴേਇෳട⠪ߪ੤෹㑐ଥ
ߥߤߦⓍᭂ⊛ߢߪߥ߆ߞߚน⢻ᕈ߇޽ࠆ‫ߚߒ߁ߘޕ‬ㇱᵴേਇෳടߩ⚻㛎߇ᄢቇ↢ᵴߦ߽৻ቯߩ
ᓇ㗀ࠍ෸߷ߒߡ޿ߚ߽ߩߣផኤߐࠇࠆ‫ޕ‬ቇᐕ೎ߦߟ޿ߡߺߡߺࠆߣ㧘ᄢቇ㧝ᐕ↢ߦ߅޿ߡㇱᵴേߦ㑐ߔࠆᄌᢙ߇᦭ᗧߥᓇ㗀ࠍ෸߷ߒߡ޿ߚ‫ోޕ‬ቇᐕห᭽㧘ਛቇㇱᵴേ⛮⛯࠳ࡒ࡯ߣਛቇㇱᵴേㅌㇱ࠳ࡒ࡯߇᦭ᗧߥᓇ㗀ࠍ෸߷ߒߡ
߅ࠅ㧘ߣ߽ߦǪ㧔ᮡḰ஍࿁Ꮻଥᢙ㧕ߩ୯߇ᱜߢ޽ߞߚ‫ߒ߆ߒޕ‬㧞ᐕ↢એ਄ߩ႐ว㧘᦭ᗧߥᓇ㗀ߪ෸߷ߒߡ޿ߥ߆ߞߚ‫ޕ‬ᰴߦᓥዻᄌᢙ߇ࠬࠠ࡞₪ᓧᔒะߩ႐วߩ⚿ᨐࠍ⷗ߡߺࠆߣ㧘ోቇᐕߩ⚿ᨐ߆ࠄ㜞ᩞㇱᵴേ⛮⛯࠳ࡒ࡯ߣ㜞ᩞㇱᵴേㅌㇱ࠳ࡒ࡯߇᦭ᗧߥᓇ㗀ࠍ෸߷ߒ㧘ߣ߽ߦǪ㧔ᮡḰ஍࿁Ꮻଥᢙ㧕ߩ୯߇ᱜߢ޽ߞߚߎߣ߇ࠊ߆ࠆ‫ޕ‬ቇᐕ೎ߢ⷗ߡߺࠆߣ㧘㧝ᐕ↢ߦ߅޿ߡߪㇱᵴേߦ㑐ߔࠆᄌᢙ߇᦭ᗧߥᓇ㗀ࠍ෸߷ߐߥߊߥߞ
ߡ޿ߚ‫ߒ߆ߒޕ‬㧞ᐕ↢એ਄ߩ⚿ᨐࠍߺߡߺࠆߣ㧘㜞ᩞㇱᵴേ⛮⛯࠳ࡒ࡯߇᦭ᗧߥᓇ㗀ࠍ෸߷ߒߡ߅ࠅ㧘Ǫ㧔ᮡḰ஍࿁Ꮻଥᢙ㧕ߩ୯ߪᱜߢ޽ߞߚ‫ߜࠊߥߔޕ‬㜞ᩞ↢ߩᤨ㧘ㇱᵴേߦ⛮⛯ߒߡᒁㅌ߹ߢෳടߒ⛯ߌߚߎߣߪ㧘㧝ᐕ↢ߦ߅޿ߡࠬࠠ࡞₪ᓧߦኻߔࠆ㑐ᔃߦᓇ㗀ࠍ෸߷ߔߎߣߪߥ
޿ߩߛ߇㧘㧞ᐕ↢ߦߥࠆߣᓇ㗀ࠍ෸߷ߒ㧘ࠬࠠ࡞₪ᓧߦኻߔࠆ㑐ᔃࠍ㜞߼ࠆߎߣߣߥߞߡ޿ߚ
ߣ⸃㉼ߢ߈ࠆ‫ޕ‬Φ ߹ߣ߼ߣ⠨ኤ
1 ಽᨆ⚿ᨐߩ߹ߣ߼
ᧄⓂߢߪᧄ⎇ⓥߪ㧘ᄢቇ↢ࠍኻ⽎ߣߒߚㇱᵴേߦ㑐ߔࠆ⺞ᩏ㧔⾰໧⚕⺞ᩏ㧕ߩ࠺࡯࠲ߩౣಽ
ᨆࠍㅢߒߡ㧘ਛቇ߿㜞ᩞㇱᵴേ߳ߩෳട߇ᄢቇ↢ᵴߦኻߔࠆᔒะᕈߦߤߩࠃ߁ߥᓇ㗀ࠍ෸߷ߒߡ޿ࠆߩ߆ᬌ⸛ߒߚ‫ޕ‬࿃ሶಽᨆࠃࠅᄢቇ↢ᵴߦ㑐ߔࠆᔒะᕈߣߒߡ㧘᝼ᬺ߿ቇ⠌એᄖߩㆆ߮ߦ
㑐ᔃࠍะߌߡ޿ࠆߎߣࠍ␜ߔ‫ޟ‬ㆆ߮ᔒะ‫ߣޠ‬㧘ᄢቇ↢ᵴߦ߅޿ߡ૗߆ߒࠄߩࠬࠠ࡞₪ᓧߦኻߔࠆ㑐ᔃࠍะߌߡ޿ࠆߎߣࠍ␜ߔ‫࡞ࠠࠬޟ‬₪ᓧᔒะ‫߇ޠ‬᛽಴ߐࠇߚ‫ޕ‬㧞ߟߩ࿃ሶߣਛቇ㜞ᩞㇱᵴേߩ㑐ㅪࠍᬌ⸛ߒߚߩߜ㧘㧞ߟߩ࿃ሶࠍᓥዻᄌᢙߣߒߚ㊀࿁Ꮻಽᨆࠍⴕ޿ਛቇߣ㜞ᩞㇱᵴേෳടߩᓇ㗀ߦߟ޿ߡᬌ⸛ߒߚ‫ޕ‬ਥߥಽᨆ⚿ᨐߪᰴߩ㧞ὐߢ޽ࠆ‫ޕ‬╙㧝ߪ㧘ਛቇㇱᵴേߩਇෳടߪ㧘ᄢቇ↢ᵴߦ߅ߌࠆㆆ߮߳ߩᔒะᕈࠍૐਅߐߖࠆⷐ࿃ߣߥߞ
ߡ޿ߚ‫ߒߛߚޕ‬ቇᐕ೎ߢ⷗ߚߣ߈㧘ߘߩߎߣߪ㧝ᐕ೙ߩߺߦ⏕⹺ߐࠇࠆߎߣߢ޽ࠅ㧘㧞ᐕ↢એ਄ߪ᦭ᗧߥᓇ㗀ࠍ෸߷ߒߡ޿ߥ߆ߞߚߎߣ߆ࠄ㧘ਛቇᩞㇱᵴേߩ㐳ᦼ⊛ലᨐߪ㒢ቯ⊛ߛߞߚ‫ޕ‬╙㧞ߪ㧘㜞ᩞߢᒁㅌߔࠆ߹ߢ⛮⛯ߒߡෳടߒߚ⚻㛎߇㧘ᄢቇ↢ᵴߦ߅޿ߡࠬࠠ࡞₪ᓧߦኻߔࠆᔒะᕈࠍ㜞߼ࠆⷐ࿃ߣߥߞߡ޿ߚ‫⥝ߦ․ޕ‬๧ᷓ޿ߩߪ㧝ᐕ↢ߩߺߩ႐ว㧘ߘߩ⚿ᨐ߇⏕⹺ߐࠇߕ㧘2 ᐕ↢એ਄ߦ߅޿ߡ㜞ᩞㇱᵴേ⛮⛯߇᦭ᗧߥᱜߩᓇ㗀ࠍ෸߷ߒߡ޿ߚߎߣߢ޽ࠆ‫ޕ‬ᄢቇ↢ᵴࠍ⠨߃ߚߣ߈㧘1 ᐕ↢ߩ႐ว㧘౉ቇ⋥ᓟߩߚ߼㧘ᣂ↢ᵴߦኻߔࠆ㜞឴ᗵ߇㜞޿‫࡞ࠠࠬޕ‬₪ᓧߦ㜞޿㑐ᔃ߇ะ߆ߥ޿ߩ߆߽ߒࠇߥ޿‫੹ޕ‬࿁ߩ࠺࡯࠲ߪ㧡᦬㗃ߦታᣉߒߡ߅ࠅ㧘․ߦ㧝ᐕ↢ߦߟ޿ߡߪ㜞឴ᗵ߇㜞߹ߞߡ޿ࠆᤨᦼߢ޽ࠆ‫ ߒ߆ߒޕ‬2 ᐕ↢એ਄ߦߥࠆߣ㧘ᄢቇ↢ᵴࠍ 1 ᐕએ਄ߒ㧘ዞ⡯ߥߤතᬺᓟߩ↢ᵴࠍᓢ‫ߦޘ‬ᗧ⼂ߒᆎ߼ߚᤨᦼߦߐߒ߆߆ࠆ‫ߡ޿߅ߦᦼᤨߚߒ߁ߘޕ‬㜞ᩞㇱᵴേࠍ⛮⛯ߒߡ⛯ߌߚ⚻㛎߇㧘ദജߒߡ૗߆ࠬࠠ࡞ࠍりߦߟߌࠃ߁ߣߔࠆᗧ⼂ࠍ㜞߼ߡ޿ࠆน⢻ᕈ߇޽ࠆ‫ޕ‬ᄢቇ↢ᵴߦኻߔࠆᔒะᕈߦ෸߷ߔਛቇ㜞ᩞㇱᵴേߩᓇ㗀105

2 ⠨ኤ ̆ᢎ⑼ᄖᵴേߩ㐳ᦼ⊛ലᨐߦ㑐ߔࠆಽᨆน⢻ᕈ̆੹࿁ߩಽᨆ⚿ᨐࠍ߽ߣߦ㧘੹ᓟߩㇱᵴേߐࠄߦߪ․೎ᵴേ߽฽߼ߚᢎ⑼ᄖᵴേߩ㐳ᦼ⊛ലᨐߦ㑐ߔࠆಽᨆน⢻ᕈߦߟ޿ߡ⠨ኤߒߚ޿‫ޕ‬߹ߕᄢቇ↢⺞ᩏߩᵴ↪ߦߟ޿ߡߢ޽ࠆ‫ޕ‬వㅀߩㅢࠅ㧘ᄢቇ↢⺞ᩏߪᲧセ⊛ታᣉ߇น⢻ߢ޽ࠆ‫ޕ‬੹࿁ߪೋ╬ਛ╬ᢎ⢒਄ߩ㑐ᔃ߆ࠄᄢቇ↢⺞ᩏߩಽᨆࠍⴕ߁ߎߣߦࠃߞߡ㧘ਛ㜞↢ኻ⽎ߩ⺞ᩏ߆ࠄ᣿ࠄ߆ߦ಴᧪ߥ޿⍮⷗ࠍᓧࠆߎߣ߇ߢ߈ߚ‫ޕ‬ᄢቇ↢⺞ᩏࠍ㜞╬ᢎ⢒⎇ⓥߩ㑐ᔃߛߌߦ⇐߼ߕ㧘ೋ╬ਛ╬ᢎ⢒ߩ㐳ᦼ⊛ലᨐߣ޿߁ⷞὐ߆ࠄ㧘ᄢቇ↢⺞ᩏߩᵴ↪ࠍᬌ⸛ߔࠆߎߣߪ㕖Ᏹߦ㊀ⷐߢ޽ࠈ߁‫ޕ‬
ᄢቇ↢⺞ᩏࠍಽᨆߔࠆ਄ߢ㧘ᤨ㑆ߣ޿߁ゲࠍᗧ⼂ߔࠆߎߣ߇㊀ⷐߢ޽ࠆ‫ᤨߜࠊߥߔޕ‬㑆⚻ㆊߦࠃࠆᓇ㗀ߩᄌൻࠍ⷗಴ߔಽᨆ߇㊀ⷐߥ⚿ᨐࠍ߽ߚࠄߔน⢻ᕈࠍ᦭ߒߡ޿ࠆߎߣ߇੹࿁᣿ࠄ߆
ߦߥߞߚ‫੹ޕ‬࿁⥝๧ᷓ߆ߞߚߩߪࠬࠠ࡞₪ᓧᔒะߦߟ޿ߡߢ޽ࠅ㧘ቇᐕ೎ߦࠃࠆಽᨆߦࠃߞߡ
ᓇ㗀ജߩ޽ࠄࠊࠇᣇ߇⇣ߥߞߡ޿ߚ‫੹ޕ‬࿁ߪᄢቇ↢ߩ࠺࡯࠲ߩߚ߼ቇᐕ೎ߢⴕߞߚ߇㧘઒ߦ␠ળੱߩ࠺࡯࠲ߩ႐วߢߪᐕ㦂೎㧘߽ߒߊߪතᬺᓟߩᐕᢙ೎ߥߤߢಽᨆߔࠆߎߣ߇᳞߼ࠄࠇࠆ‫ޕ‬ߚߛߒ੹࿁ߩ⚿ᨐߪᡆૃ⊛ߦᤨ㑆ߩᄌൻࠍಽᨆߒߚὐߦ⇐ᗧߒߥߌࠇ߫ߥࠄߥ޿‫ޕ‬หߓᄢቇ↢ߥߩߢ޽ࠆ⒟ᐲ㧘ห⾰ߥಽᨆኻ⽎⠪ߣ⠨߃ࠄࠇࠆ߇㧘㧝ᐕ↢ߣ㧞ᐕ↢એ਄ߩ႐ว㧘ㇱᵴേ߿ߘߩઁ᭽‫ߥޘ‬੐㗄ߦ߅޿ߡ⋧㆑߇޽ࠆ߆߽ߒࠇߥ޿‫߃ࠁࠇߘޕ‬ᱜ⏕ߦᤨ㑆⚻ㆊߦࠃࠆᓇ㗀ߩᄌൻࠍ᷹ቯߔࠆߚ߼ߦߪ⺞ᩏኻ⽎⠪ࠍ࿕ቯߒߡ⛮⛯⊛ߦ⺞ᩏߔࠆ❑ᢿ⊛⺞ᩏߩታᣉ߇੹ᓟ㧘᳞߼ࠄࠇࠆ‫ޕ‬߹ߚㇱᵴേߦߟ޿ߡߪߘߩᵴേౝኈߦ㑐ߔࠆᄌᢙ߽ಽᨆߦ⚵ߺㄟ߻ߎߣ߇᳞߼ࠄࠇࠆ‫ޕ‬㐳⼱Ꮉ㧔2005, 2006㧕ߦ߅޿ߡ᣿ࠄ߆ߦߐࠇߡ޿ࠆߣ߅ࠅ㧘หߓㇱᵴേෳട⠪ߢ߽ㇱᵴേ⚻㛎ߪᄙ᭽ߢ޽ࠅ㧘߹ߚߘߩߎߣ߇ㇱᵴേߩലᨐߦ⋧㆑ࠍ߽ߚࠄߒߡ޿ߚ‫ߪߣߎߩߎޕ‬㐳ᦼ⊛ലᨐߦ߅޿ߡ߽ห᭽߆߽ߒࠇߥ޿‫ߦࠄߐޕ‬ㇱᵴേ⚻㛎ߩᄙ᭽ᕈࠍ⠨ᘦߒߚಽᨆߦࠃߞߡ㧘ౕ૕⊛ߥᜰዉߩᣇ㊎ࠍ᳿ቯߔࠆߣ޿߁ታ〣⊛⺖㗴ߦ⽸₂ߔࠆߎߣ߇น⢻ߦߥࠆ‫ޕ‬઒ߦ㧘หߓㇱᵴേෳട⠪ߢ߽㧘⧰ᚻߥᛛⴚࠍ⠌ᓧߔࠆߚ߼ߦ✵⠌ߥߤߢദജߒᦨ⚳⊛ߦ⧰ᚻࠍస᦯ߒߚቇ↢ߪ㧘ㇱᵴേߦ߅޿ߡ⧰ᚻస᦯ࠍㆱߌߡ߈ߚߎߣ߇ᄙ޿ቇ↢ߣᲧߴߡᄢቇ↢ᵴߦ߅޿ߡࠬࠠ࡞₪ᓧߦኻߒⓍᭂ⊛ߦߥࠆߣ޿߁ಽᨆ⚿ᨐ߇ߢߚߣߒࠃ߁‫ߩߘޕ‬႐ว㧘ㇱᵴേߩ႐㕙ߦ߅޿ߡ↢ᓤ߇✵⠌ࠍህ߇ߞߚߣߒߡ߽㧘ߘߩ߹߹↢ᓤߩⷐ᳞ߦᔕ߃ࠆߩߢߪߥߊ㧘㐳ᦼ⊛ലᨐࠍ⠨߃ߚߣ߈⧰ᚻస᦯ߩ
ߚ߼ߩ✵⠌ࠍߐߖࠆߣ޿߁ᜰዉ߇ᦸ߹ࠇࠆ㧘ߣ޿߁ౕ૕⊛ߥᜰ㊎ࠍឭଏߔࠆߎߣ߇ߢ߈ࠆ‫․ޕ‬ߦਛቇᩞߩ႐ว㧘߶ߣࠎߤߩ⠪߇ෳടߒߡ޿ࠆߎߣ߆ࠄᵴേౝኈߩᄙ᭽ᕈߦ⌕⋡ߒߚ⎇ⓥ߇㜞ᩞએ਄ߦ㊀ⷐߣߥࠆߛࠈ߁‫ޕ‬
ߐࠄߦ․೎ᵴേߥߤ㧘ઁߩᢎ⑼ᄖᵴേߦߟ޿ߡ߽ಽᨆ㑐ᔃࠍᐢߍߡ޿ߊߎߣ߇ᔅⷐߢ޽ࠆ‫ޕ‬ㇱᵴേߣᲧߴߡ․೎ᵴേߪవⴕ⎇ⓥߩ⫾Ⓧ߇ዋߥ޿‫ߒ߆ߒޕ‬ਔ⠪ߣ߽㓸࿅ᵴേߣ޿߁౒ㅢὐ߇
޽ࠅ㧘ㇱᵴേ⎇ⓥߩᚑᨐࠍෳ⠨ߦߒߥ߇ࠄ⎇ⓥߔࠆߎߣߪචಽน⢻ߢߪߥ޿ߛࠈ߁߆‫ߒߛߚޕ‬․೎ᵴേߪㇱᵴേએ਄ߦౝኈߩ⋧㆑ߦ⌕⋡ߔࠆߎߣ߇᳞߼ࠄࠇࠆ‫ޕ‬ㇱᵴേߪ⺖ᄖᵴേߢ޽ࠅ㧘ේೣෳടߪછᗧߢ޽ࠅ㧘੹࿁ߩࠃ߁ߥෳട⁁ᴫߩ⋧㆑ߩಽᨆࠍⴕ߁ߎߣ߇น⢻ߢ޽ߞߚ‫߆ߒޕ‬
ߒ․೎ᵴേߪቇ⠌ᜰዉⷐ㗔ߦቯ߼ࠄࠇߚᱜ⺖ᵴേߢ޽ࠅ㧘ቇᩞߩㅢቇߔࠆ㒢ࠅ㧘⺕ߒ߽߇⚻㛎ࠍߔࠆᵴേߢ޽ࠆ‫⺞߃ࠁࠇߘޕ‬ᩏࠍⴕ߁㓙ߦߪ㧘ߤ߁޿ߞߚᵴേ߇ዷ㐿ߐࠇߚߩ߆ߣ޿߁ߎߣ
ߦߟ޿ߡ㧘ᛠីߢ߈ࠆ㗄⋡ߩ⸳ቯ߇ⷐ⺧ߐࠇࠆ‫ޕ‬
੹࿁ߪ㊂⊛ಽᨆࠍⴕߞߚ߇㧘੹ᓟߪ⾰⊛ߥᚻᴺࠍ↪޿ߚಽᨆ߇⺖㗴ߣߥࠆ‫⊛⾰ޕ‬ಽᨆߩ߁ߜ㧘࡜ࠗࡈࡅࠬ࠻࡝࡯ߩᣇᴺ⺰ߪᵈ⋡ߦ୯ߔࠆ‫ޕ‬ሶߤ߽ࠍኻ⽎ߦߒߚ⎇ⓥߦ߅ߌࠆ࡜ࠗࡈࡅࠬ࠻࡝

106㐳 ⼱ Ꮉ࡯ߩน⢻ᕈࠍᬌ⸛ߒߚጊ↰㧔2006㧕ߦࠃࠇ߫㧘࡜ࠗࡈࡅࠬ࠻࡝࡯ࠍ↪޿ࠆߎߣߦࠃࠅ㧘ᤨὐ㑆ߩᄌൻࠍ࠳ࠗ࠽ࡒ࠶ࠢߦឬߊߎߣ߇น⢻ߣߥࠆ‫ߪ࡯࡝࠻ࠬࡅࡈࠗ࡜ߦࠄߐޕ‬㊂⊛ߥ⺞ᩏߣ߽૬↪น⢻ߢ޽ࠆߎߣ߇ᜰ៰ߐࠇߡ޿ࠆ‫ޕ‬એ਄ߩὐࠍ〯߹߃ߟߟ㧘ㆡಾߥᣇᴺࠍ㚟૶ߒ੹ᓟ㧘ᢎ⑼ᄖᵴേߩ㐳ᦼ⊛ലᨐߦ㑐ߔࠆಽᨆߩ
ㅴዷ߇᳞߼ࠄࠇࠆ‫ޕ‬ᵈ㧝㧕ᧄⓂߦ߅޿ߡㇱᵴേෳട⠪ߣߪ㧔৻ᤨ⊛ߛߞߚߣߒߡ߽㧕ㇱᵴേߦෳടߒߚߎߣ߇޽ࠆ⠪ߣ⸃㉼ߔࠆߩߢ㧘⛮⛯⠪ߣㅌㇱ⠪ߩਔ⠪ࠍᜰߒ␜ߔߎߣߣߥࠆ‫ޕ‬㧞㧕ਛቇߣ㜞ᩞߩㇱᵴേߩෳട⁁ᴫߩ㑐ㅪߦߟ޿ߡ߽ᬌ⸛ߒߚ‫ޕ‬ਛቇㇱᵴേෳടߣ㜞ᩞㇱᵴേෳടߩࠢࡠࠬ㓸⸘ࠍⴕ޿㧘⚿ᨐࠍ߽ߣߦࠞࠗੑਸ਼ᬌቯࠍⴕߞߚ⚿ᨐ㧘᦭ᗧߥᏅ߇⏕⹺ߐࠇߚ㧔p<0.001㧕㧔ઃ⴫Ꮐ㧕‫ޕ‬ਛቇㇱᵴേෳട⁁ᴫߦࠃߞߡ㧘㜞ᩞㇱᵴേෳട⁁ᴫߦ㆑޿߇↢ߓߡ޿ߚ‫ࠬࡠࠢߦࠄߐޕ‬㓸⸘ߦ߅ߌࠆฦ࠮࡞ߩੱᢙࠍಽᨆኻ⽎⠪ో૕ߢ㒰ߒߡ㧘ฦ࠮࡞ߩ✚๺ߩഀว㧔㧑㧕ࠍ▚಴ߒ㧘ഀว߇㜞޿㗅ߦਗ߮ᦧ߃ߚ㧔ઃ⴫ฝ㧕‫߽ᦨޕ‬ഀว߇㜞޿ߩߪ‫ޟ‬ਛቇㇱᵴേ⛮⛯⠪ψ㜞ᩞㇱᵴേ⛮⛯⠪‫ ߢޠ‬55.6㧑ߣඨᢙᒝߩഀวࠍ␜ߒߡ޿ߚ‫ߩઁߩߘޕ‬ਛቇㇱᵴേ⛮⛯⠪߽Ყセ⊛ഀว߇㜞޿‫৻ޕ‬ᣇ㧘৻ᐲ߽ㇱᵴേߦෳടߒߚߎߣ߇ߥ޿⠪㧘ߔߥࠊߜਛቇㇱᵴേਇෳട
ߢ߆ߟ㜞ᩞㇱᵴേਇෳടߣ޿߁⠪ߩഀวߪ 3.4㧑ߣ㕖Ᏹߦૐ߆ߞߚ‫⚿ߩࠄࠇߎޕ‬ᨐࠃࠅ㧘ᄙߊߩᄢቇ↢ߪਛቇᩞ߽㜞ᩞ߽⛮⛯ߒߡㇱᵴേߦෳടߒߡ޿ߚ‫ߚ߹ޕ‬ਛቇᩞߩㇱᵴേෳടߪ੐ታ਄㧘⟵ോ⊛ߥ߽ߩߦߥߞߡ߅ࠅ㧘ਛቇ߽㜞ᩞ߽ㇱᵴേߦෳടߒߥ߆ߞߚ⠪ߣ޿߁ߩߪ㕖Ᏹߦዋߥ޿
ߎߣ߇ࠊ߆ߞߚ‫ޕ‬ઃ⴫ ਛቇㇱᵴേߩෳട⁁ᴫߣ㜞ᩞㇱᵴേߩෳട⁁ᴫߩࠢࡠࠬ㓸⸘⚿ᨐ
㜞ᩞㇱᵴേ
***
⛮⛯
ㅌㇱ
ਇෳട
⸘
974
215
271
1460
⛮⛯
65
38
70
173
ਛቇ ㅌㇱ
ㇱᵴേ ਇෳട
45
13
60
118
1084
266
401
1751
⸘
㶎䇭ᢙ୯䈲ੱᢙ
㶎䇭***䈲p < 0.001䇮**䈲p < 0.01䇮*䈲p < 0.05䇯ਛቇㇱᵴേ 㜞ᩞㇱᵴേ ✚๺䈱䋦 ੱᢙ⛮⛯⛮⛯
55.6% 974⛮⛯ਇෳട
15.5% 271⛮⛯
ㅌㇱ
12.3% 215
ㅌㇱ
ਇෳട
4.0%
70
ㅌㇱ
⛮⛯
3.7%
65
ਇෳട
ਇෳട
3.4%
60
ਇෳട
⛮⛯
2.6%
45
ㅌㇱ
ㅌㇱ
2.2%
38
ਇෳട
ㅌㇱ
0.7%
13
ว⸘
100.0% 1751

㧟㧕੹࿁ߩ㜞ᩞ↢ᵴߦ㑐ߔࠆ࿃ሶಽᨆߪ㧘ಽᨆߦࠃߞߡ▚಴ߐࠇࠆ࿃ሶᓧὐࠍ㊀࿁Ꮻಽᨆߩ⁛┙ᄌᢙߣߒߡ↪޿ࠆߚ߼ߦⴕߞߚ‫ޕ‬㊀࿁Ꮻಽᨆߢߪ⁛┙ᄌᢙ㑆ߩ⋧㑐߇ߥ޿ߎߣࠍᗐቯߒߡಽᨆࠍ
ⴕ߁ߚ߼㧘ࡊࡠࡑ࠶ࠢࠬ࿁ォߩࠃ߁ߥᢳ੤࿁ォߢߪߥߊ㧘࿃ሶ㑆ߩ⋧㑐ࠍᗐቯߒߥ޿⋥੤࿁ォߢ޽ࠆࡃ࡝ࡑ࠶ࠢࠬ࿁ォ߇ᦨㆡߣ⠨߃ߚ‫ޕ‬ᄢቇ↢ᵴߦኻߔࠆᔒะᕈߦ෸߷ߔਛቇ㜞ᩞㇱᵴേߩᓇ㗀

107

ෳ⠨ᢥ₂
Feldman, F. A., & Matjasko, L. J., 2005 “The Role of School-Based Extracurricular Activities in
Adolescent Development” Review of Educational Research, 75(2), pp.159-210.
㐳⼱Ꮉ␭੺㧘2005㧘‫ޟ‬㜞ᩞㇱᵴേߩᄙ᭽ᕈ߇ᜬߟᓇ㗀ജߩ㆑޿ ̆ࡄ࡯࠰࠽࡝࠹ࠖ߳ߩᓇ㗀ߦ⌕⋡ߒߡ㧙‫ޡޠ‬ᣣᧄ․೎ᵴേቇળ♿ⷐ‫ ╙ޢ‬13 ภ㧘pp.43-52.
㐳⼱Ꮉ␭੺㧘2006㧘‫ޟ‬ㇱᵴേ⚻㛎⠪ߩ㜞ᩞ↢ᵴ ̆ᵴേౝኈߩᄙ᭽ᕈߦ⌕⋡ߒߡ̆‫ޠ‬‫ޡ‬ᐢፉᄢቇᄢቇ
㒮ᢎ⢒ቇ⎇ⓥ⑼♿ⷐ‫╙ޢ‬ਃㇱ㧔ᢎ⢒ੱ㑆⑼ቇ㑐ㅪ㗔ၞ㧕╙ 54 ภ㧘pp.71-78.
᧲㊁లᚑ㧘2003㧘‫ޟ‬ㇱᵴേߣਛቇ↢ߩኻੱ㑐ଥ‫ޡޠ‬ᣣᧄ․೎ᵴേቇળ‫ ╙ޢ‬11 ภ㧘pp.64-74.
Mahoney, J. L., Cairns, B. D., & Farmer, T. W., 2003, “Promoting interpersonal competence andeducational success through extracurricular activity participation” Journal of
Educational Psychology, 95, pp.409-418.
⷏ፉᄩ࡮⮮↰ᱞᔒ࡮⍫㊁ඳਯ࡮⨹Ꮉ⧷ᄩ࡮⠀↰㊁ᘮሶ㧘1999㧘‫ޟ‬ਛቇᩞ↢ᵴߣㇱᵴേߦ㑐ߔࠆ␠ળቇ⊛⎇ⓥ㧙᧲੩ 23 ඙ౝߦ߅ߌࠆ⾰໧⚕⺞ᩏࠍㅢߒߡ㧙‫ޠ‬‫᧲ޡ‬੩ᄢቇᄢቇ㒮ᢎ⢒ቇ⎇ⓥ⑼♿ⷐ‫ ╙ޢ‬39 Ꮞ㧘pp.137-163.
ጟ↰᦭ม㧘2009‫ޟ‬ㇱᵴേ߳ߩෳട߇ਛቇ↢ߩቇᩞ߳ߩᔃℂ␠ળ⊛ㆡᔕߦਈ߃ࠆᓇ㗀 㧙ㇱᵴേߩ࠲
ࠗࡊ࡮Ⓧᭂᕈߦᵈ⋡ߒߡ㧙‫ޡޠ‬ᢎ⢒ᔃℂቇ⎇ⓥ‫ ╙ޢ‬57 Ꮞ╙ 4 ภ㧘pp.419-431.
ᢪ⮮ᶈ৻㧘2001㧘‫ޟ‬ਛ࡮㜞ᩞߩㇱᵴേ߇ᄢቇ↢ᵴㆡᔕߦ෸߷ߔᓇ㗀‫ޡޠ‬ᣣᧄ․೎ᵴേቇળ‫╙ޢ‬㧥ภ㧘
pp.24-32.
ᣂၳㅢ਽㧘1987㧘‫ޟ‬ᢎ⢒ലᨐߩߣࠄ߃ᣇ‫ޠ‬ᏒᎹᤘඦ✬⪺‫ޡ‬ᢎ⢒ߩലᨐ‫᧲ޢ‬ାၴ㧘pp.22-40.
⊕᧻⾫㧘1995㧘‫↢ޟ‬ᓤᢥൻߩಽൻߦਈ߃ࠆㇱᵴേߩᓇ㗀‫ޠ‬‫ޡ‬ሶߤ߽␠ળ⎇ⓥ‫ޢ‬ഃೀภ㧘pp.80-92.
⊕᧻⾫㧘1997㧘‫ޟ‬㜞╬ቇᩞߦ߅ߌࠆㇱᵴേߩലᨐߦ㑐ߔࠆ⎇ⓥ‫ޠ‬‫ޡ‬ᣣᧄᢎ⢒⚻༡ቇળ♿ⷐ‫ ╙ޢ‬39 ภ㧘
pp.74-89.
⊕᧻⾫㧘1998㧘‫ޟ‬㜞ᩞ↢ߩቇᩞ↢ᵴߦ㑐ߔࠆ␠ળቇ⊛⎇ⓥ 㧙㜞ᩞ↢ߩળ⹤ߣㇱᵴേߩ㑐ଥࠍਛᔃߦ㧙‫ޠ‬ਛ࿖྾࿖ᢎ⢒ቇળ✬‫ޡ‬ᢎ⢒ቇ⎇ⓥ♿ⷐ‫ ╙ޢ‬44 Ꮞ╙ 1 ㇱ㧘pp.189-194.
ⷺ⼱⹞❱㧘2005㧘‫ޟ‬ㇱᵴേ߳ߩขࠅ⚵ߺ߇ਛቇ↢ߩቇᩞ↢ᵴ߳ߩḩ⿷ᗵࠍߤߩࠃ߁ߦ㜞߼ࠆ߆ 㧙ቇᬺࠦࡦࡇ࠹ࡦࠬߩᓇ㗀ࠍ⠨ᘦߒߚẜ࿷ᚑ㐳ᦛ✢ࡕ࠺࡞߆ࠄ㧙‫ޠ‬‫⊒ޡ‬㆐ᔃℂቇ⎇ⓥ‫ ╙ޢ‬16
Ꮞ╙ 1 ภ㧘pp.26㧙35.
ⷺ⼱⹞❱࡮ή⮮㓉㧘2001㧘‫ޟ‬ㇱᵴേ⛮⛯⠪ߦߣߞߡߩਛቇᩞㇱᵴേߩᗧ⟵‫ޡޠ‬ᔃℂቇ⎇ⓥ‫ ╙ޢ‬72 Ꮞ
2 ภ㧘pp.76-86.
ጊ↰ᶈਯ㧘2006㧘‫ޟ‬ሶߤ߽␠ળ⎇ⓥߦ߅ߌࠆ࡜ࠗࡈࡅࠬ࠻࡝࡯ߩน⢻ᕈ‫ޡޠ‬ሶߤ߽␠ળ⎇ⓥ‫ ╙ޢ‬12
ภ㧘pp.124-141.
ศ᧛ᢧ 1997㧘‫ޟ‬ቇᩞㆡᔕߦ߅ߌࠆㇱᵴേߣߘߩੱ㑆㑐ଥߩ޽ࠅᣇ‫ޠ‬‫ޡ‬ᢎ⢒ᔃℂቇ⎇ⓥ‫ ╙ޢ‬45 Ꮞ╙ 3
ภ㧘pp.337-345.

108㐳 ⼱ ᎹThe Influence of Club Activities in Junior High School andSenior High School to the Intentionality for University Life
̆Possibilities of Analysis Concerning Long-Term Effects of Extraclass
Activities and Club Activities̆
HASEGAWA, Yusuke

Abstract   This paper aims to examine the influence of club activities in juniorhigh school and senior high school to the intentionality for university life,
based on the re-analysis of student survey data.
The findings are as follows: (1) No-participation of club activities injunior high school was a factor to decrease the intentionality to play inuniversity life. However, this applies to freshmen only. (2) Participation ofclub activities until retirement in senior high school was a factor to
improve the intentionality that started acquiring the skill in university
life. However, this applies only to students in the sophomore, junior andsenior years.
As a result of this analysis, I discussed possibilities of analysis
concerning long-term effects of extraclass activities and club activities.
Also, I pointed out the full-use of university student survey, theimportance of comparative analysis of the preceding years, the attention
in the diversity of activities, the attention in the extraclass activities andpossibilities of life history research.

    ‫ޣ‬Key words‫  ޤ‬club activity, extraclass activity, long-term effect