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NARRATIVE REPORT
Berkeley Analytical Associates
815 Harbour Way South, Suite 6
Richmond, CA 94804
510-236-2325
Fax: 510-236-2335
Job Code: 209004-02A
Report Date: January 28, 2005
Client: Samuel J. Goldberg, American Formulation & Manufacturing
Product I.D.: 80290Q Safecoat Transitional Primer
Manufacturer’s I.D.: 80290Q
Production Date: November 5, 2004
Product Received: November 10, 2004
Report Prepared By: R.S. Tannous, Laboratory Director

Report Approved By: _________________________________Date: ________________
Raja S. Tannous, Laboratory Director
OBJECTIVE
The objective of this test was to measure the emissions of formaldehyde and total volatileorganic compounds (TVOC) from a white coating sample at 24 hours. The test conformed to theguidance of the Japanese Industrial Standard, JIS A 1901 (2003), “Determination of the emissionof volatile organic compounds and aldehydes for building products-Small chamber method.”
SUMMARY
The primer was tested for emissions of formaldehyde and TVOC. The test specimen
was prepared by applying 2.1 grams of primer to a 178-mm x 178-mm (0.0316 m2) stainless steel
plate with a roller. The primer was allowed to cure for one hour before transferring to the testchamber. The environmental parameters for the test were 28±1°C temperature, 50±5% relative
humidity and 1.0±0.05 air change rate. Measurements of chamber VOC concentrations weremade at 24 hours after initiating the test. Area-specific emission rates (EFa) were calculated bymass balance. The coating did not emit formaldehyde above the lower limit of quantitation of<2.1 µg m-2 h-1. The TVOC area-specific emission rate was 685 µg m-2 h-1.
METHODS
Description of Product Specimen
On November 10, 2004, the laboratory received a product sample consisting of acontainer of a primer. The sample was identified as: manufacture’s ID # 80290Q; product name
Safecoat Transitional Primer; sample ID 80290Q/JR84; manufacturing date 11/5/04. The sample
was handled in accordance with BAA-SOP-2000.02, “Selection, Collection and Handling ofMaterial Specimens for Testing to Determine the Emissions of Volatile Organic Compounds.” On
January 17, 2005, the container was opened. The primer was first thoroughly mixed in its
container by stirring. Approximately 100 ml volume was transferred to an aluminum tray. A paintroller with a 10-cm cover was saturated with coating by running the roller back and forth in thetray. The coating was applied to one side of a 178-mm x 178-mm (0.0316 m 2) stainless steel
plate using four strokes, two in the vertical direction and two in the horizontal direction, so that theNARR1063, 01/28/05, Page 2 of 4

entire area was uniformly covered. 2.1 Grams of primer were applied in a single film. The
coated surface area was 0.0316 m2. Thus, the product loading was 66.5 g m-2. The test
specimen was allowed to dry for one hour before placing it on an open wire shelf in the testchamber.
GC/MS Analysis of TVOC
The methods used for the sampling and analysis of VOCs are based on U.S. EPAMethods TO17, “Determination of Volatile Organic Compounds in Ambient Air Using Active
Sampling Onto Sorbent Tubes” and TO1, "Determination of Volatile Organic Compounds inAmbient Air using Tenax Adsorption and Gas Chromatography/Mass Spectrometry (GC/MS).”The multisorbent samplers (Model No. ST-032, Envirochem, Inc.) used for the collectionof VOC samples contain Tenax-TA, Ambersorb XE-340 and activated charcoal, in series. With
these samplers, C4 to C16 nonpolar and moderately polar volatile organic compounds (VOCs),and many C1 to C3 compounds, depending upon functional group, are quantitatively collected.
Highly reactive and very volatile compounds, such as formaldehyde, cannot be analyzed using
these samplers.
The samplers are thermally desorbed, and the samples are introduced into a HewlettPackard 5971A GC/MS system using a UNACON 810 concentrating system (Envirochem, Inc.).
Prior to analysis, an internal standard (ISTD) is added to each sampler. The ISTD is 121 ng ofbromofluorobenzene (BFB). The ISTD is used to check on the operation of the system, toprovide a retention-time marker, and for quantitative analysis. The GC/MS is operated in theSCAN mode over a mass range of m/z 33-300.
For the quantitative analysis of total VOCs (TVOC) in a sample, the GC/MS total-ioncurrent (TIC) chromatogram is integrated over a retention-time (RT) interval of 15 - 50 minutesusing parameters that capture almost all of the TIC area in a sample. The integrated areas lessthe area of the ISTD are summed. The mass of the compounds represented by the sum is
calculated relative to the known amount of the ISTD that is added to the sampler. The calculation
uses the response factor for toluene relative to BFB. This relative response factor (RRF) is 2.03.
Because there can be substantial variation in the TIC response of different classes ofcompounds, the measurement of TVOC is less accurate than the calibrated measurement of
individual VOCs.
Formaldehyde Analysis
The methods used for the sampling and analysis of formaldehyde and other carbonylcompounds are based on ASTM Method D-5197, "Standard Test Method for Determination ofFormaldehyde and Other Carbonyl Compounds in Air (Active Sampler Methodology).”
Sep-Pak XPoSure Aldehyde Samplers (Part number WAT047205, Waters, Corp.) areused to collect air samples for formaldehyde and other low-molecular weight carbonylcompounds. Air is pulled through a sampler, and the acidified 2,4-dinitrophenylhydrazine(DNPH) reagent in the sampler reacts with carbonyl compounds to form the stable hydrazone
derivatives that are retained by the sampler. The hydrazone derivatives are eluted from asampler with acetonitrile. An aliquot of the sample is analyzed for the hydrazone derivatives offormaldehyde and acetaldehyde using reverse-phase high-performance liquid chromatography(HPLC) with UV detection. The absorbance of the derivatives is measured at 360 nm. The mass
responses of the resulting peaks are determined using multi-point calibration curves preparedfrom standard solutions of the hydrazone derivatives.
Testing for Emissions of VOCs from Products Using Small-Volume Chambers
The methods used for the measurement of emissions of VOCs from this productspecimen are based on the Japanese Industrial Standard, JIS A 1901 (2003), “Determination ofNARR1063, 01/28/05, Page 3 of 4

the emission of volatile organic compounds and aldehydes for building products-Small chamber
method,“ English edition.
The chamber consists of a 67-L, stainless steel cylindrical vessel with a stainless-steel lid
equipped with three fittings. The chamber is held in an incubator that is maintained at 28±1o C.
Purified air from a clean air generator is introduced into the chamber through one fitting with astainless-steel tubing extension. The inlet flow rate of 1.12±0.06 standard L min-1 is regulatedwith electronic mass-flow controllers (calibrated at 25o C and 1 atm. pressure). The gas streamis split into two streams. One of these is passed through a bubbler containing distilled water.
This saturated gas stream is mixed with the dry gas stream to produce a humidified gas stream
with a relative humidity (RH) of 50±5% that is then introduced into the chamber. A humidity
probe (Model HMD 30YB, Vaisala) is inserted into the chamber through a second fitting on thelid. Chamber temperature and humidity are measured and recorded throughout the test. Gas
exits and is sampled for the analytes of interest at the other fitting on the lid. Atmosphericpressure at the laboratory is near 1 atm. Prior to use, the chamber and fittings are cleaned bywashing them with hot water and a detergent.
A clean, empty chamber is operated at the same testing conditions for at least threehours prior to a test. Chamber background concentrations are measured. Then, the chamber isopened and the material specimen is positioned on a wire rack approximately near the center ofthe chamber. To initiate a test, the chamber is sealed and ventilated. At specified times, gas
samples are collected at the chamber exhaust. The sample flow rates are regulated withelectronic mass-flow controllers (calibrated at 25o C and 1 atm. pressure). Samples for VOCs
are collected on multisorbent samplers at a flow rate of 100 standard cm3 min-1. Aldehyde
samples are collected on XPoSure Aldehyde Samplers at a flow rate of 0.65 standard L min-1.
For this test, a 3.0-L gas sample for the analysis of TVOC and a 78-L sample for the analysis offormaldehyde were collected 24-h after initiating the test period. The parameters for theemissions test are summarized in Table 1.
Table 1. Parameters for a VOC emission test conducted in a small-scale environmental
chamber.
Parameter

Value

Chamber volume, m30.067

Coating substrate

Stainless steel

Substrate dimensions, mm

178 x 178

Coated surface area, m20.0316

Loading ratio, m2 m-30.472

Weight of coating applied, g2.1

Inlet flow rate, m3 h-1

0.067 ± 0.003

Average temp, oC

28 ± 1Atmosphere
Average humidity, %RH
Test duration, hHumidified Air
50 ± 524

NARR1063, 01/28/05, Page 4 of 4

Data Analysis and Reporting for Emissions Tests
Steady-state emission rates (µg h-1) are calculated for the quantified compounds using
the following equation:
ER = Q (C - Co)(1)

where Q is the volumetric flow rate (m3 h-1) through the chamber; C is the average chamberconcentration for the sampling interval (µg m-3); and Co is the chamber blank or inlet gas
concentration (µg m-3). An area-specific emission rate or emission factor, EFa (µg m-2 h-1) is
calculated by dividing the emission rate by A, the exposed planar surface area of the product(m2).
EFa = ER / A(2)RESULTS
Emissions of TVOC and formaldehyde
The 24-h chamber sample was quantitatively analyzed for TVOC and formaldehyde. The
chamber concentration and area-specific emission rate results are presented Table 2. The
chamber blank formaldehyde concentration was below the quantitation limit of1 µg m-3. The primer sample formaldehyde chamber concentration was also below the lower
limit of quantitation of 1 µg m-3.

Table 2. Chamber concentrations and emission factors of TVOC and formaldehyde measured at
24 hours for a test of 80290Q/JR84 Safecoat Transitional Primer.

CompoundChamber Conc.
(µg m-3)

Emission Factor(µg m-2 h-1)

TVOC

323685

Formaldehyde<1.02.1