e-Village Project Report

Hpa Yar Ngoke To CIC projecta joint study by and between JTEC of Japan and MCF of Myanmar

January 2017

Japan Telecommunications Engineering and Consulting Service
Myanmar Computer Federation

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Table of Contents
Site Map......................................................................................................................... 3
Project Photos ................................................................................................................ 4
Executive Summary....................................................................................................... 9
1. Project Information............................................................................................. 16
1.1 Backgrounds ....................................................................................................... 16
1.2 Objectives ........................................................................................................... 16
1.3 Formation ........................................................................................................... 16
1.4 Topics of study ................................................................................................... 16
1.5 Schedule ............................................................................................................. 17
1.6 Time and Manpower needed .............................................................................. 17
1.7 Cost ..................................................................................................................... 17
2. Project implementation and study results .......................................................... 18
2.1 Subject of study (1)：Implementation of ICT system ......................................... 18
2.2 Subject of study (2)：Benefit for villagers by ICT system ................................. 22
2.3 Subject of study (3)：Sustainability of ICT system ............................................ 28
3.
3.1
3.2
4.

Proposal for CIC dissemination ......................................................................... 35
CIC model .......................................................................................................... 35
CIC dissemination .............................................................................................. 37
Acknowledgment................................................................................................ 422

Site Map
How to access Hpa Yar Ngoke To South village(35km along roads)(Yangon)(less than 20km straight-line distance from Yangon central)(Twantay town)(Hpa Yar Ngoke To South village)(sources)

Detail Map of village center of Hpa Yar Ngoke To north and south village

3Project Photos

Photo-1：enter into MOU for e-Village between
MCF and JTEC (2013.11.5)

Photo-2：Working group kick off (2013.11.18)

Photo-3：Yangon Technological University (YTU)(2013.11.22)

Photo-4：University of Computer Studies, Yangon(UCSY) (2013.11.22)

Photo-5：West Yangon Technological University(WYTU) (2013.11.28)

Photo-6：Courtesy call on President of Yangon
Region Government (2013.11.26)

Phone-7：Site Survey (2013.11.20)

Photo-8：Elementary school in Hpa Yar Ngoke To
South village (2013.11.20)

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Photo-9：Junior high school in Kanbe village, 2kmfrom Hpa Yar Ngoke To South village (2013.11.20)

Photo-10：Monastry in Hpa Yar Ngoke To South
village (2013.11.20)

Photo-11：Renovated library in Hpa Yar Ngoke To
South village (2014.3.21)

Photo-12 ： Generate electricity for Community ICTCenter by Gasoline Engine Generator (2014.3.25)

Photo-13：Internet available by satellite antenna(2014.3.25)

Photo-14：Twantay township administrator (2014.5.22)

Photo-15：agriculture department chief in Twantay
township office of Ministry of Agriculture,
Livestock and Irrigation (2014.5.22)

Photo-16：Director of Twantay township hospital(2014.5.22)

5Photo-17：Midwife of Clinic (Sub-Regional HealthCenter) in Hpa Yar Ngoke To South village(2013.11.28)

Photo-18：Generate electricity for Community ICTCenter by Solar panel (2014.5.22)

Photo-19：WiFi Hotspot outside Community ICTCenter (2014..)

Photo-20：Battery Controller and Inverter (2014.7.1)

Photo-21：Batteries (2014.5.23)

Photo-22：Community ICT Center visit by Presidentof Yangon Region Government (2014.6.17)

Photo-23：Opening Ceremony of Community ICTCenter (2014.7.5)

Photo-24：start actual operation of Community ICTCenter (2014.7.5)
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Photo-25：ICT rural development international
workshop (2014.7.7)

Photo-26：ICT rural development international
workshop (2014.7.7)

Photo-27：Winner of e-Village mobile application
contest (2014.11.13)

Photo-28：Myanmar Mobile Education Project(myME) NPO (2015.2.16)

Photo-29
Photo-30
visit Myanma Post and Telecommunicatins (MPT) Telecenter at Satsun village, Bogalay township,
Ayeyarwady Region Governmet (2014.11.20)

Photo-31：Entrepreneurship Development Network
Asia Myanmar (EDNA Myanmar) (2015.2.16)

Photo-32： Private doctor in Twantay town
(2015.2.14)
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Photo-33：Postmaster of Twantay town (2015.2.14)

Photo-34：Awards ceremony of application contest（Attendance of Minister of Communications andInformation Technology） (2015.3.29)

Photo-35：Myanmar ICT for Development
Organization (MIDO) (2015.11.27)

Photo-36：Community ICT Center strengthening
work （2015.12.7 – 2015.12.12）

Photo-37：Experts from Indonesia and Thailad of
ICT rural development (2016.1.30)

Photo-38：10 days ICT Training at KMD forengineers from Hpa Yar Ngoke To South village(2016.1)

Photo-39
Photo-40
Transfer Ceremony of Community ICT Center （Attendance of Twantay township deputy administrator）(2016.8.28)

8Executive Summary
1.

Project Information

1.1 Backgrounds
Japan Telecommunications Engineering and Consulting Service (hereinafter referred to as “JTEC”) sent ahigh-level mission composed of high level delegates from Japanese ICT companies to Myanmar and organized
ICT workshop at Naypyidaw and Yangon in July, 2012 to exchange views on development and possible
cooperation of ICT under support of Ministry of Communications, Posts and Telegraphs1 of Myanmar. Widerange of expectations to Japan were expressed from Myanmar in the workshop. Among expectations, JTEC
had been considering the potential problem near future in Myanmar such as building telecommunication accessto a rural area and easing so-called digital divide, and decided to conduct a pilot project on ICT utilization inrural area.

1.2 Objectives
The project objectives is to conduct a joint research by and between Myanmar an Japan in order toinvestigate and identify an applicable ICT system for narrowing digital divide in rural areas, and in order topropose concrete measures for ICT dissemination in rural areas.

1.3 Formation
JTEC plays a coordinating role for Japan side, while MCF plays a coordinating role for Myanmar side. Then,the related organizations of each country participate in the project through JTEC and MCF.

1.4 Subjects of joint research
Subjects of joint research are as follows.

(1) To research useful configuration/equipment, lead time and cost of ICT system in rural areas(2) To research useful way of ICT system to provide villagers with benefit(3) To research how to keep sustainability of ICT system operation(4) To propose an ICT system dissemination plan in rural areas
1.5 ScheduleThis pilot project at the projet site started from November 2013 and ended in the end of August 2016.
This pilot project was conducted in two phases. The first phase was to install an ICT system at the projectsite. The second phase was to operate the installed ICT system. The center in which ICT system was installed
was named “Community ICT Center” (hereinafter referred to as “CIC”).
1.6 Time and Manpower needed
The number of man days input from November 2013 to August 2016 is 464 man days from Japan side and
165 man days from Myanmar side.
1.7 Cost
1

Organization name is that as of July 2013.
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The total cost for installation and operation of CIC is below.
(1) Installation cost： approximately USD20,000
Main expenditure items （in order of expensive item）： Electric power, ICT facilities, library renovation,
Satellite communications facilities, Furniture(2) Operation cost （duration：from April, 2014 to August, 2016）： approximately USD12,000
Main expenditure items （in order of expensive item）： Internet access, Salary for operator and ICT engineer,
consumables
2.

Project implementation and research results

The joint research results of subjects (1) – (3) in section 1.4 is shown in this chapter, whereas the joint resultof subject (4) in section 1.4 is described in chapter 3.

2.1 Subject of study (1)：Implementation of ICT system
WG researched ICT system implementation from the view point of quick delivery and inexpensive internet
access in the rural area.
(1) Project site
Hpa Yar Ngoke To south village in Twantay Township in Yangon Region Government was selected, because
WG would like to select a pilot site where neither telecommunication access nor commercial power supply
was available and where strong support from Minister of Yangon Region Government is available.
When WG made research of this village in November 2013, though this village was covered by MPT
CDMA2000 and GSM, signal was weak and call-enabled area was only at the place with good visibility.
Internet access by mobile phone from this village was available only from 4am to 6am and 3 users in thisvillage accessed Internet by mobile phone.
WG investigated the existing facilities such as monastery, elementary school and library for ICT system
implementation. WG found that monastery did not have an empty space and elementary school was locked
and became peopleless after school and in the weekend. Thus, WG selected the library.
(2) Configuration of implemented ICT system
Internet access through VSAT, computers, printer, VoIP Telephone(3) Main research results
By bearing affordability and sustainability in mind, WGs had the following research results.
1)

Electric power
A gasoline engine generator was implemented at first and electricity became available. Two months
after the generator was operated, it was relplaced by solar panels because of reasons such as
avoidance of noise to surrounding houses.

2)

Internet accessInternet access was implemented through VSAT. Speed of 512kbps and enterprise service by Ku band
was selected. Internet access were delibered in 3 weeks.

3)

Zero Client PC

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For low power consumption and easy operatin by central management for plural computers, 6(six)zero clients’ PC from Ncomputing based on virtualization technology were implemented. They weredelivered in a week and ran stably in the project.

2.2 Subject of study (2)：Benefit for villagers by ICT system
WG confirmed benefits which villagers got by ICT system and considered possibility of further benefits.
(1) Manner of CIC operation
1)

A charge for use of CIC
A charge for use of CIC was not collected, because villagers in that village have a low income

2)

CIC operation system Four operators were hired locally to generate ownership mind for CIC among villagers.
 One ICT engineer was hired from Yangon once a week for 10 months to improve ICT skills of local
operators.

(2) ICT services using CIC
WG provided with (a) information portal page, (b) internet access and VoIP service, (c) printer and (d) ICT
learning application such as writer, spread sheet, drawing and typing.

(3) Results of CIC usage
136 villagers used CIC from March 2014 to August 2016. This is equivalent to 20% of all 685 population inthis village. Furthermore, by age bracket, 77% of all users is less than 30 years old.

(4) Obtained benefits
1)Knowledge of agriculture, healthcare and education was enhanced by children for utilizing theinformation portal page.

2)

Internet such as News service, YouTube and Facebook became available like in city.

3)

Villagers got the desired information such as market price of vegetables and the path of a cyclen.

4)

ICT literacy of children was improved.

5)

Performance of children in school was improved.

6)

Villagers were able to talk with family and friends abroad by free call application.

7)

Printer was used considerably and contributed to improvement of livelihood.

8)

Experiencer of computer provided students with computer training course without salary.

(5) Promotion of ICT system utilization
1)

Training for villagers
ICT system training to villagers was held three times and a total of 63 villagers participated.

2)

WorkshopWorkshop to villagers who never visited CIC and was more than 20 years old for promotion of ICT
system utilization was held. 23 villagers of which more than 90% were housewives, participated.
Participants were interested in (a) the view of Hpa Yar Ngoke To village at Google Map, (b) the photos
at news web, and (c) video contents which instructed the methodology of cultivating rice.

(6) Obtained other benefits than those from ICT utilization ICT
1)Private mobile phones could be charged at CIC.

2)

CIC was utilized as a gathering place for hearing survey.
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(7) Information transfer
1)

To effectively provide with information which villagers require and to create such a system that
information of the portal page is updated as needed is important.

2)

To set a certain information which higher local government agencies would like to disseminate tovillagers into the information portal page is efficient for governmental activities. It is worth
considering that dessimination committee members periodically visit villages to update informationof portal page for dessimination of ICT system in the rural area in the future.

2.3 Subject of study (3)：Sustainability of ICT system
Issues and solution for ICT system sustainability were studied.

(1) Establishment of village CIC operational committee and self-sustaining operation1)

Objectives
Autonomous CIC operation by villagers is necessary for ICT system sustainability. Therefore,
establishment of CIC operational committee was proposed to village administrator by WG. We worked
to gradually reduce the direct involvement of the CIC operation itself and mainly support thecommittee as advisors. The direct involvement by JTEC and MCF in CIC operation was gradually
reduced. JTEC and MCF tried to play a role of advisors in CIC operation.

2)

Enlightment and Human Resource Development activities for self-sustaining operation
 Case of agricultural product sales in the village by using Internet in other countiries were introduced
by MCF and JTEC to encourage villagers for self-sustaining operation.
 However, as business experiencer did not exist in the village, considering business activity by
utilizing CIC is difficult for operational committee. Therefore, an Australia social enterprise whichraised entrepreneurs and 7 persons in Twantay town who completed its free entrepreneurship classover 6 weeks were visited and high effectiveness of this class was confirmed. Although one ofoperational committee was recommended taking this class, taking this class was not realized.

3)

Autonomous activities by villagers
Following ideas were proposed and were conducted by operational committee. Expected effectappeared.
 Children sometimes stay in CIC long time, as they got aborbed in computer utilization. Children
sometimes could not concentrate on work at home, because they want to go to CIC. Computerutilization time by children was restricted.
 Workers cannot use CIC in case that opening hours is 10:00am to 4:30pm. After opening hours werechanged into 3 pm to 10 pm as, new users visited CIC and number of users in a day increased.

4)

Motivation
Exposure through Inernet of excellent benefits which were obtained from ICT system may earnapplause. Pick up of excellent benefits at township news may lead to morale improvement of village
administrator and operational committee members. These activities must be effective.

(2) Development of operator and ICT engineer
1)

Two local operators were hired to give priority to encouragement of a sense of ownership of CIC. In
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addition, other two operators were hired from a nearby town where commercial power supply isavailable to give users instruction on prevention method of electric shock. These four operators were
provided with basic computer training and they also played a role of trainers of basic computer training
to villagers.
2)

One ICT engineer was hired once a week from Yangon for 10 months to support operators.

3)

Two young monks and a manager in the road construction supervision office were computer
experiencers. They supported beginners of computers by request from CIC operational committee.

4)

CIC operational committee asked MCF for development of ICT engineers. KMD which MCF asked
for support provided two representatives of village with 10 days’ basic computer training for free ofcharge.

(3) Challenge for obtaining CIC operation fee
By following the cases in other countries, WG proposed to devote a part of increased revenue
from expansion of agricultural products sales by utilizing CIC to CIC operation fee. In particular,
expansion of sales destination and increase of sales price was considered not by agricultural productsales through broker but by direct marketing of agricultural products to users in Yangon withutilizing Facebook at CIC. Though CIC operational committee created a Facebook account of “Hpa
Yar Ngoke To e-Village”, any achievements were not made during peiod of this pilot project in Hpa
Yar Ngoke To village, due to lack of participants from the villagers, lack of members who could

continuously coordinate the adequate activities for it.

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3.

Proposal for CIC dissemination

A model CIC which will be a center for ICT utilization in the rural area and its dissemination plan is proposed.
3.1 CIC model
As a CIC model, basic ICT system, basic services and operation are proposed below.
3.1.1

Basic ICT system(1) Zero Client PC （to harness local Information portal page and to learn the basic PC utilization）(2) Multifunction printer(3) Internet access and Wi-Fi access point
Internet access with 512 kbps by the satellite service is proposed as a model. In addition, Wi-Fi access point is
proposed, because privately owned smart phones are spread in Myanmar rapidly and internet access by smart
phones are very effective for promotion of ICT utilization.
3.1.2

Basic service

Following basic services at the minimum are proposed.
(1) Local Information portal page
Local Information portal page is a fundamental service at CIC. Contents of portal page are considered tocompose of common portion for all villages and portion which will vary village by village.
(2) ICT literacy training
It is very helpful to provide with ICT literacy training to children and adults respectively. Thus, ICT literacy
training at CIC will lead to ease the digital divide.
(3) Printing service
3.1.3

Operation

For sustainable CIC operation, following activities are proposed.

(1) Operation by CIC operational committee(2) Development of operator and ICT engineer(3) PC training to villagers
3.1.4

Proposal to utilize CIC successfully as a rural development hub(1) Realization of localization. Contents must be created in Myanmar language.
(2) Provision of Internet access with a low price(3) Activities to increase farmers’ incomes by promoting sales of agricultural products, craft products etc.
using web and Social Network Service such as Facebook(4) Quick action to correspond to requirements, complaints etc. from users and taking measures toincrease CIC utilization
3.2 CIC dissemination
Joint study working group considered such case that a certain village cannot secure budget for CIC operation
by itself and public aid conducts CIC installation and operation. Working group also simulated the annual
budget for CIC project in this proposal

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3.2.1

Number of CICs to be supported by public aid

The number of CICs to be supported by public aid is about 3, 200, by working group simulation.
3.2.2

Funds for public aid(1) Utilization of Universal Service Obligation Fund (USF)
USF, which has been considered by Ministry of Transport and Communications of Myanmar (hereinafterreferred to as “MoTC”) is proposed to apply to implementation of telecommunication access to rural area anddissemination of CICs.
(2) Simulation of the annual income budget for CIC project
The annual income budget for CIC project is estimated at 25 Million USD.
3.2.3

Organization for CIC project

For efficiency and transparency, following organizations is proposed to manage CIC project.
(1) ICT rural development team in MoTC
This organization has responsibility of developing the implementation plan of telecommunication access torural area and the dissemination plan of CICs.
(2) USF Operation Institution
An independent entity in Union government which manage USF, has responsibility of implementing
telecommunication access to rural area and disseminating CICs by following the implementation plandeveloped by ICT rural development team in MoTC.
3.2.4

Simulation of CIC dissemination(1) Schedule
The number of 3,200 for CIC dissemination is a big number and it is difficult to implement them in a shortperiod. Therefore, working group set a target of 90% completion in a time span of 12 years, that is, 2,880 CICs
and a target of 100% completion in a time span of 15 years.
(2) Simulation of the annual expenditure budget for CIC project
The annual expenditure budget for CIC project is estimated at 23 Million USD at most.
(3) Possibility of sustainability
Based on the simulation above, the annual income budget for CIC project is estimated at 25 Million USD andthe annual expenditure budget for CIC project is estimated at 23 Million USD at most. Therefore, CIC project
could be operated sustainably year by year.

Following exchange rates are used in this report.
1 Myanmar Kyat = 0.0007336 USD (As of January 20, 2017)
1 Myanmar Kyat = 0.08416 Japanese YEN (As of January 20, 2017)

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1.

Project Information

1.1 Backgrounds
Japan Telecommunications Engineering and Consulting Service (hereinafter referred to as “JTEC”) sent ahigh-level mission composed of high level delegates from Japanese ICT companies to Myanmar and organized
ICT workshop at Naypyidaw and Yangon in July, 2012 to exchange views on development and possible
cooperation of ICT under support of Ministry of Communications, Posts and Telegraphs2 of Myanmar. Widerange of expectations to Japan were expressed from Myanmar in the workshop. Among expectations, JTEC
had been considering the potential problem near future in Myanmar such as building telecommunication accessto a rural area and easing so-called digital divide, and decided to conduct a pilot project on ICT utilization inrural area.
1.2 Objectives
The project objectives is to conduct a joint research by and between Myanmar an Japan in order toinvestigate and identify an applicable ICT system for narrowing digital divide in rural areas, and in order topropose concrete measures for ICT dissemination in rural areas.
1.3 Formation
JTEC plays a coordinating role for Japan side, while MCF plays a coordinating role for Myanmar side. Then,the related organizations3 of each country participate in the project through JTEC and MCF.

1.4 Subjects of joint researh
Subjects of joint research are as follows.

(1) To research useful configuration/equipment, lead time and cost of ICT system in rural areas(2) To research useful way of ICT system to provide villagers with benefit(3) To research how to keep sustainability of ICT system operation(4) To propose an ICT system dissemination plan in rural areas
2
3

Organization name is that as of July 2013.
Organization names in the diagram are those as of Mar. 2014.
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1.5 ScheduleThis pilot project was conducted in two phases. The first phase was to install an ICT system at the project site.
The second phase was to operate the installed ICT system. The center in which ICT system was installed wasnamed “Community ICT Center”4 (hereinafter referred to as “CIC”). Detail schedule is as below.
2013

2014

2015

2016

eVillage projectWorking Group Activities

CIC Pilot Site (*)

Plan, Design, Procurement,
Renovation, Installation

Recognize Issues, Take Measures, Verify Effects▲Formal Open▲Soft Open▲Interim Report

Interim Report
and Final Reportother related project【 APT - J2 Pr o je c t 】
HRD Program for Exchange
of ICT Researchers andEngineers for rural area
development

CIC Operational Committee Activities
Establish Facebook of eVillage ▲（Recognize Issues and Take Measures by Villagers) (Consideration of sustainable operation)
Final Report ▲approved by APT▲

Project Title:
Expan ding C IC activities
t o improve rural lifein M yanmar

Research in Japan ▲Research in Myanmar ▲Research in Thailand ▲Research in Indonesia ▲* CIC: Community ICT Center

1.6 Time and Manpower needed
The number of man days input from November 2013 to August 2016 is 464 man days from Japan side and
165 man days from Myanmar side.
1.7 Cost
The total cost for installation and operation of CIC is below.

(1) Installation cost
Description

Cost

Battery (deep cycle, 105Ah x 4)、Battery Charger Controller (MPPT, DC 150V, 45A,
24V)、Inverter (Pure Sine Wave, 1.5KW, IN24V/OUT230V)、Installation work

$5,354.00

Solar Panel (1,530W = 255W x 6)

$1,020.00

Electric power

Gasoline Engine Power Generator 2.2kVA$752.00

The others$49.00

ICT facilities$6,756.00

Library renovation$3,030.00

Satellite communications facilities$1,339.00

Furniture$983.00

WiFi hot spot equipment$220.00

The others$164.00
Total$19,667.00

4 In this report, we assume that CIC can access to Internet.

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(2) Operation cost （duration：from April, 2014 to August, 2016）
Description

Cost

Internet access$5,046.00

Salary for operator and ICT engineer$5,600.00

The others$1,500.00
Total

2.

$12,146.00

Project implementation and research results

The joint research results of subjects (1) – (3) in section 1.4 is shown in this chapter, whereas the joint resultof subject (4) in section 1.4 is described in chapter 3.
Following exchange rates are used in this report.
1 Myanmar Kyat = 0.0007336 USD (As of January 20, 2017)
1 Myanmar Kyat = 0.08416 Japanese YEN (As of January 20, 2017)

2.1 Subject of research (1)：Implementation of ICT system
WG researched ICT system implementation from the view point of quick delivery and inexpensive internet
access in the rural area.
(1) Project siteHpa Yar Ngoke To south village, which has 685 population and
160 family units as of November 2013, in Twantay Township in
Yangon Region Government was selected, because WG would
like to select a pilot site where neither telecommunication accessnor commercial power supply was available and where strong
support from Minister of Yangon Region Government isavailable.

Photo of Hpa Yar Ngoke To
south village （Google Map）

When WG made research of this village in November 2013,
though this village was covered by MPT CDMA2000 and GSM,
signal was weak and call-enabled area was only at the place withgood visibility. Internet access by mobile phone from this village wasavailable only from 4am to 6am and 3 users in this village accessedInternet by mobile phone. Fixed phone was available at the post
office in Twantay town which is 10 kilometers far from this village.



WG investigated the existing facilities such as monastery, elementary

User of mobile phoneschool and library for ICT system implementation. WG found thatmonastery did not have an empty space and elementary school was locked and became peopleless after
school and in the weekend. Thus, WG selected the library.

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Inside of library

Right cabin is library. Left building is
clinic (Sub Regional Health Center)(2) Information of village and villagers


20% of family units own farmland. 60% of family units are tenant farming. Some villagers go to Yangon
for day-labor jobs.



There are two elementary school (0-4 grade) in the village. One school has 86 students and 5 teachers.
The other one has 28 students. Junior high school (5-8 grade) and High school (9-10 grade) exist in Kanbe
village which is 2 kilometers away from Hpa Yar Ngoke To south village. A villager mentioned that because

teachers are busy during class, they may not have time to use computers, even if school has.


There is a midwife in the clinic which is Sub Regional Health Center in the village and she supports 3
villages, that is, Hpa Yar Ngoke To north village, Hpa Yar Ngoke To south village and Kabein village.
She visits pregnant houses and patients. She provides medical care in the clinic. Most of family units are
low-income households and cannot pay for hospital delivery and most pregnants have a baby in her home.
Number of childbearing in a total of 3 villages in year 2016 was 40.

Some houses own solar panel and battery of motorbike and generate electric power. They use
electricity for TV set and charge of mobile phone. They don’t have refrigerator. There is a popular
product, that is, a package of solar panel, battery and inverter with USD200 as of November, 2013.

The monthly cost of eating for 3 adults and 1 small child for a certain family is USD88. In case that
only one person has an income, the monthly cost of eating sometimes exeed the income.

19

(3) Configuration of implemented ICT system

Appendix 7 shows a list of purchased products.
(4) Main research results
By bearing affordability and sustainability in mind, WGs had the following research results.
1)

Electric power As for electricity generation, a gasoline engine generator which has capacity of 2.5kVA after
calculation of load （Appendix 8） was implemented at first.
 The generator was relplaced by solar panels because of avoidance of noise to surrounding houses,
avoidance of burden of refuel and avoidance of securement of manpower for generator operation.
For the calculated load, 6 sets of 255-watt solar panel were implemented with the configuration of
three parallel for circuit of series of two panels (Appendix 9).
 By the assumption of no sunlight for two straight days in rainy season, 4 sets of 12V 105Ah battery
were implemented with the configuration of two parallel (210Ah) for circuit of series of two batteries(24V).
 Current Stabilizer and Uninterruptible Power Supply system (UPS) were implemented to protect electric
equipment against unstable electricity.

 Inverter was unstable soon after implementation. Then, it was replaced by another type of equipment.
Selection of inverter requires caution.
2)

Internet access Because no public data communicatin service was available at Hpa Yar Ngoke To south village,
Internet access was implemented through VSAT. In advance, web-brousing speed was evaluated at
the ISP office by changing the service menue and speed. Then, speed of 512kbps and enterpriseservice by Ku band was selected with considering affordability.
 Though standard delivry time of VSAT antenna and transmit equipment is one month, they weredelibered in 3 weeks.
 Though it is said that Ku band is weak against rain, Internet access was not very influenced by rain.

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 As villagers who had a mobile phone increased in 2015, one WiFi hotspot is implemented outside
CIC for internet use.
 As for access restriction to offensive sites and adult sites, any filters were set at computers. Instead,
operator in CIC called users’ attention not to access harmful sites and looked around a room to protect
users from harmful sites.
3)

Zero Client PC
For low power consumption and easy operatin by central management forplural computers, 6(six) zero clients’ PC from Ncomputing based on
virtualization technology were implemented. They were delivered in a weekand ran stably in the project. Because of low power consumption andmanpower reduction, zero client PC can be adopted in an ICT model for

Zero Client

rural area.
4)

PC server
Driver software did not come with PC server and the related driver software
was found through the internet. Four days’ effort was needed to install driver
software and multi point server OS properly. Procurement of PC server
requires caution.

5)

Myanmar font
Myanmar fonts for Office applicatin, Web browse and Facebook were
not installed as standard. Assistance by knowledgable person was

Engineer from Myanmar
Information Technology
made a great effort for
PC server installation.

needed for installation of Myanmar fonts.
6)

Electric wiring
To prevent an electric shock at wet floor in the rainy season, electric wiring was implemented not to put
on the floor.

7)

ICT system installation cost and affordability
ICT system installation cost was approximately USD20, 000. However, by usage of an existing building
without renovation, reduction of equipment cost and volume purchasing, ICT system installation cost
can be reduced to USD 2,800 including cost of solar panel and satellite antenna as of August, 2017. (Seesection 3.2.6)

8)Equipments which have difficulty in operating When the outside WiFi hotspot broke down, to initialize equipment and set parameters in pluralconfiguration pages was not an easy task for operator.
 When the parameter configuration of zero client PC was changed by user’s operation mistake andPC was unavailable, to change the parameter configuration back to original one was not an easy task
for operator.
 To install fire wall Linux box of providing with portal page to WiFi users was not an easy task for
operator nor ICT engineer.
 To install HTTP proxy cash server feature of reducing HTTP traffic and manage the policy of its
feature was not an easy task for operator.

9)

Consideration of sustainable ICT equipment
21

 While computer is delivered to rural area, hard disk may break down because of bump. Hard disk
also may break down, because of mis operation by users who are not faimiliar with computer. PC
server has enough empty space evem two years after project started. Therefore, high-capacity storage
space in PC server is not needed for CIC. On the other hand, many kind of PCs with Solid State
Drive (SSD) exist in the market and the price of these PC become cheaper as of 2017. Therefore,
instead of PC with hard disk, PC with SSD is desirable for ICT system in rural area to avert failureriks as much as possible.
 LED light was adopted to reduce power consumption for this project. LED light is desirable for ICT
system.
 Instead of server type PC which has stability, tower type PC was adopted for this project, because (a)operator is always in the center and can reboot PC in case of failure, (b) space in CIC is narrow andsound of computer fan in server type PC is very noisy for users and (c) environment to keep server
type PC cool under a certain temperature is not available. Tower type PC in CIC runs for two years
without failure. Thus, tower type PC is adequate for ICT system in rural area.
10) Consideration of affordable ICT system
Instead of Microsoft Office, license free Open Office, which is compatible with Microsoft Office wasadopted for this project. It can be a model to save license fee.

2.2 Subject of study (2)：Benefit for villagers by ICT system
WG confirmed benefits which villagers got by ICT system and considered possibility of further benefits.

(1) Manner of CIC operation
Soft opening was on March 31, 2014. Grand opening was on July 5, 2014.
1)

Opening hours
 10:00am to 4:30pm (Close on Monday. Open on holidays) 3pm to 10pm (Changed on November, 2014 by workers’ requirement）

2)

A charge for use of CIC
A charge for use of CIC was not collected, because villagers in that

A day of soft opening

village have a low income. A charge for use of printer was not collected
either. VoIP service provided by ISP was available by wired handset. Users can make a domestic
call only. Rate for a call was USD 0.04 per minute.
3)

CIC operation system（a） Operator
 Permanent staff: 2 people from April 2014 to March 2015
Number of Employees: 4 people from April 2014 to June 2014
3 people from July 2014 to March 2015
 Permanent staff: 1 people from April 2015 to August 2016（b） ICT engineer
 Once a week: 1 people from June 2014 to March 2015
 Temporary support (a fee-based service) from April 2015 to August 2016
In case that CIC operator cannot solve troubles
22(2) ICT services using CIC
WG tried to implement not only internet access but also application which provides villagers with benefits.
After ICT application cases of education, agriculture and healthcare in Japan and other countiries werecollected and list of application idea were prepared, WG asked for villagers’ requirements and opinions. Then,by considering the feasibility of requirements and opinions, WG provided with (a) information portal page, (b)internet access and VoIP service, (c) printer and (d) ICT learning application such as writer, spread sheet,drawing and typing.

(3) Results of CIC usage
Average number of CIC users per day is as below, excluding the number of lots of Wi-Fi access point users.
136 villagers used CIC from March 2014 to August 2016. This is equivalent to 20% of all 685 population inthis village. Furthermore, by age bracket, 77% of all users is less than 30 years old.
PeriodAverage number of CIC users per day
including Saturday and Sunday, excluding thenumber of lots of Wi-Fi access point users

From March,2014 to October,2014
14 （Maximum
number of users
per day is 30.）

From November,2014 to May,2015
11

From June,2015 to August,2016
3(4) Obtained benefits
Following benefits were obtained by villagers by using above ICT services.
1)

Knowledge of agriculture, healthcare and education was enhanced by children for utilizing theinformation portal page.

Information portal page which were created by this projecta. Bakcgrounds of Information portal page provision Information which had been transferred to Dissemination committee member of agriculture,
healthcare and education in the township from local government agencies had not transferred23

to villages, because of lack of human resources.
 When WG visited Hpa Yar Ngoke To south village for investigation with the comic books in
Myanmar language for teaching know-how of freshwater fish farming created by JICA andFishery department, members of village committee devoured them and said that they read such
agricultural instruction documents for the first time and they were eager to get not only them
but also any agricultural instruction documents.
 As books, magazines and brochures were not seen in the thatched houses in this village, children
must be hungry for printed words.
b. Implementation of Information portal page
 WG devised ways of creation of Information portal page at following two points. One point isthat methodology of a simple mouse-click is adopted for even users who are unfamiliar with a
key board and computer to be able to easily access information. The other point is that only
contents with Myanmar language were adopted. Information portal page has 24 tiles for amouse-clikd and all the information portal page is displayed without being scrolled.
 The information portal page is stored in the local PC server in CIC and is accessible only fromintranet in CIC.
 This portal page has a variety of contents such as instruction of cultivating farm products likerice, bean, how to create a pond for cultured fishes and how to raise them, instruction for basic
healthcare in a village without any doctors, circulation agriculture, and education of disastermitigation as off-line contents. Myanmar newspaper and weather forecast can be accessed
through this portal page as on-line contents.
 Variety of contents were collected, based on requirements from villagers and stored in PC
server as video file and PDF. Video contents and brochures for agricultural and healthcare
instruction which were recommended by township dissemination committee were collectedfrom higher rank local government agencies and other materials were collected from JICA
(Japan International Cooperation Agency) Yangon Office, NPOs, etc.

Children read aloud contens of
information portal page.

2)

Children on a waiting list for computer
usage read aloud the donation book forcirculation agriculture.

Internet such as News web, YouTube and Facebook became available like in city.
Before this project starts, Internet access by mobile phone from this village was available only from24

4am to 6am in this village. However, Internet access became available even in the daytime.
3)

Villagers got the desired information.
 Some villagers checked market price of vegetables and considered timing of shipment.
 Some villagers who had suffered from the Cyclone Nargis which had caused at least 130,000
fatalities checked the path of a cyclen in detail. Elderly people who did not use computer got
weather information from CIC users.
 Some villagers knew news in detail by browsing photos and video streams after listening to news
by radio.

4)

ICT literacy of children was improved.
 Computer is expensive for villagers and villagers don’t have computer. Most villagers had noexperience to use Computer. Therefore, basic computer training was provided. Villagers actively
learned ICT application such as writer, spread sheet, drawing, and typing. They also learned how toprint, utilizee the information portal page and how to set up and use e-mail application.
 Students study the subject of basic computer in junior high school and study computer inMathematics class in high school. By using ICT learning application such as writer, spread sheet,drawing and typing, children in this village were able to review lessons in school and many ofchildren were in a higher class of basic computer or Mathematics in school. On the other hand, a
student in another village, who does not have a computer in his/her house go to computer private
school. However, he/she cannot review lessons in his/her house.
 English typing lesson application which introduces a game element is popular with students.

5)

Performance of children in school was improved.
 By getting in touch with the outside world through the information portal page and the Internet,
children were intrigued by the outside world and increased desire to learn. Then, many of students
of junior and high school from this village were in a higher class of not only basic computer classbut also all other subjects in school.
 A parent said that reading contents of the information portal page and donated books seemed torealize the improvement of school performance.
 Student who graduates from public elementary school takes a national exam. Two students in Hpa
Yar Ngoke To south village got grade A. It was also two students that got grade A in Kanbe village
which has access to electricity and has 7 times larger students than Hpa Yar Ngoke To south village.

6)

Villagers were able to talk with family and friends abroad by free call application.
 WG recognized that free call application through WiFi access point is the effective communicationmeans. In fact, family members who had migrant workers in Korea or
Malaysia often talked over the free call application such as VIBER.
 On the other hand, villagers did not use VoIP service provided by ISP,
because it was charged and only domestic call was available. However,in the area where public communication means are not available, VoIP
service provided by ISP is still effective.

7)

Printer was used considerably as below and contributed to improvement of livelihood.
 At first of soft opening, many children found characters from keyboard with taking a lot of time25and typed names of family members in Myanmar language and inalphabetical scripts, printed them out and bringed paper back to theirhouses with joy.
 Previously, villagers needed to go outside village to ask for printing
to print shop. After this project started, villagers can print documents
by the printer at CIC. Especially, 9 university students in the village
often used it.
 Students typed together a lecture from monks regarding Dharma teachings of Buddha in Myanmar
language, printed and delivered it to villagers. Students were appreciated truly by villagers and also
contributed to community vitalization.
8)

Following contents were created by students who learned computer skill and were stored in the local
server as a village information sharing site and were able to be browsed.
 Annaul schedule of the village
 Rule in CIC
 Web page created by students

9)

MCF and JTEC held an application contest to get more application which is benefitial for villagers.
Application which won prizes are for off-line and on-line healthcare information provision and wasdelivered to village and was contributed to knowledge enhancement for villagers. Village midwife
advised that application becomes increasingly better if it is tightly in liaison with instruction by
township hospital. A coordinating mechanisum between medical setting and application developer
needs to be created for getting increasingly better application.

(5)

Effort of ICT skill improvement for study in university and for getting a job

A manager who was staying and working in the road construction supervision
office at the corner of the main street of Hpa Yar Ngoke To south village (a)had an idea that students had better learn computer especially for getting a job,(b) agreed with the spirit of e-Village and (c) proposed a computer training forstudents without salary. WG gladly asked him to provide students withcomputer training.


His training program named “ICT Academy” consisted of 3 months’
duration with 24 courses on every Saturday and Sunday from 17:30 for 120 minutes only for first course,
afterwards for 90 minutes. Two university students in the village who had already completed the same
computer training course at the road construction supervision office, took part in this training as assistantteachers. This manager had the experience to complete the same computer training course in Yangon city
in youth and had such a motivation that he wanted to share his learning with students.

This manager requested to use the text book of computer training, created by Myanmar Computer
Professionals Association (MCPA) and written in Myanma language and the project bought text books ata unit price of USD1.00.
Event idea at the time of completion of computer training course
This manager had such an idea that workshop is held to show output by using computer application and26

invited parents to build awareness for ICT.

(6) Promotion of ICT system utilization
This project conducted many activities for promotion of ICT system utilization and got a lot of
feedbacks.
1)

Activitis for attracting villagers to ICT system (for awareness improvement) Creation and delivery of propaganda leaflet for ICT system（Appendix-11）
 Opening ceremony was held at Hpa Yar Ngoke To south village with more than 160 participants
including President of Yango Region Governmet (Appendix-12）
 International workshop for rural ICT development was hosted at MICT park in Yangon with morethan 60 participants including Patron of MCF (Appendix-12）2)

Training for villagers
ICT system training to villagers was held three times and a total of 63 villagers participated.

3)

Workshop Workshop to villagers who never visited CIC and was more than 20
years old for promotion of ICT system utilization was held on
Sunday, February 15, 2015. 23 villagers of which more than 90%
were housewives, participated. All of their children had experiencedof CIC utilization and their children became key persons to enlighten
parents on ICT system utilization. Participants were interested in the following things.


the view of Hpa Yar Ngoke To village at Google Map
the photos at news web such as Ms. Aung San Suu Kyi and an accident scene
video contents which instructed the methodology of cultivating rice

 A participant required the instruction video or document for new mushroom
without cultivation experience, when WG asked for requests for new contents of
information portal page. After workshop, despite the inquiry at the agricultural
office in township and other related organization, Instruction video or basic
instruction text book with cartoon was not found.
 Village administrator said, “Participants were satisfied with workshop verymuch. Villagers will gradually become interested in ICT system. I hopeMushroom WITH
workshops will be held many times.”
cultivation exeperience(7) Obtained other benefits than those from ICT utilization ICT
1)Private mobile phones could be charged at CIC.

2)

CIC was utilized as a gathering place for hearing survey.

(8) Potential benefits
Though following demands were not conducted, they were confirmed during this project.
1)

Disseminatin committee of agriculture, healthcare, and education in this township can transfer
information to villagers by using a projector at CIC.

2)

A lot of educational contents for children such as “Putet” （http://www.putet.com.mm/） which is27

popular in Yangon and is paid educational content with cartoon base for smart phone are created andare used for children’s knowledge enhancement. （This is a comment from a minister of Yangon
region government who visited CIC.）
3)

Mid wife in Hpa Yar Ngoke To south village attended the primary health instruction course by a doctorof township hospital and recorded an important part of explanation in a session by her smart phone.
She reviews the video at the clinic. Furthermore, she can hold a primary health instruction course byherself at CIC with using the recorded video for villagers’ knowledge enhancement.

4)

Event information can be seen at monastery and primary school in the village. If whole this village
is covered with WiFi network and village event information in PC server is maintained by CIC
operator and can be accessed by villagers’ smart phone from home, it has a major impact.

5)

WG would like to educate entreprenor in the village about application development. WG thinks
application developer who is in the office in the city without studying village life cannot develop
application which is useful to village.

(9) Information transfer
1)

The number of CIC users decreased toward the end of this project, because contents in theinformation portal page were not updated. To effectively provide with information which villagers
require and to create such a system that information of the portal page is updated as needed isimportant.

2)

To set a certain information which higher local government agencies would like to disseminate tovillagers into the information portal page is efficient for governmental activities. It is worth
considering that dessimination committee members periodically visit villages to update informationof portal page for dessimination of ICT system in the rural area in the future.

2.3

Subject of study (3)：Sustainability of ICT system
Issues and solution for ICT system sustainability were studied.

(1) Establishment of village CIC operational committee and self-sustaining operation1)

Objectives
Autonomous CIC operation by villagers is necessary for ICT system sustainability. Therefore,
establishment of CIC operational committee was proposed to village administrator by WG. We worked
to gradually reduce the direct involvement of the CIC operation itself and mainly support thecommittee as advisors. The direct involvement by JTEC and MCF in CIC operation was gradually
reduced. JTEC and MCF tried to play a role of advisors in CIC operation (Appendix-13).

2)

Formation of CIC operational committee (Age is as of 2014)
a.
b.
c.

Chairman： Mr. Win Oo, village administrator (50 years old)
Vice-chairman： Mr. Tin Shwe, vice-chairman of village development committee, Clerical of CIC
operational committee
Committee member：
Mr. Lu Han, computer volunteer, manager in the road construction supervision office (56 years
old), Mr. Zaw Myo (current CIC operator), Mr. Than Htite Zaw, student of West Yangon
University, previous CIC operator (20 years old), Mr. Nyi Nyi Min（22 years old）, Mr. Zaw Moe
28

Lwin, cook of his own restarrant in the village (38 years old)d.

AdviserMr. Ko Lin Lin, resident of Twantay town, experiencer of Internet Café management,
Mr. Munesto, JTEC

3)

self-sustaining CIC operation by operational committeea.

Enlightment and Human Resource Development activities for self-sustaining operation

Case of agricultural product sales in the village by using
Internet in other countiries were introduced by MCF and JTEC
to encourage villagers for self-sustaining operation.

However, as business experiencer did not exist in the village,
considering business activity by utilizing CIC is difficult for
operational

committee. Therefore,

anAustralia social

enterprise which raised entrepreneurs and 7 persons in Twantay
town who completed its free entrepreneurship class over 6
weeks were visited and high effectiveness of this class was
confirmed. Although one of operational committee wasrecommended taking this class, taking this class was notrealized.
Although there are several university students in the village,
their involvement in the project is unfortunately limited, as they were busy for family chores,
school work and part-time job.

b.

Autonomous activities by villagers
Children sometimes stay in CIC long time, as they got aborbed in computer utilization.
Operator felt that long time useage of computer is harmful to eyes and waist. Children
sometimes could not concentrate on work at home, because they want to go to CIC. Existing
play with other children is also important. Computer utilization time by children was restricted
to 3 pm to 5 pm.

Village administrator said that workers cannot use CIC in case that opening hours is
10:00am to 4:30pm. He proposed a new opening hours such as 3 pm to 10 pm, as CIC has
charged battery by solar panels, to increase number of adult users of CIC. Once opening
hours were changed as village administration suggested, new users visited CIC and numberof users in a day increased. Then, CIC was continuously operated with the new opening
hours.



Operators exercised their ingenuity in removing the unused equipments from outlets to saveelectricity consumption from battery at night.

4)

Motivation
Exposure through Inernet of excellent benefits which were obtained from ICT system may earnapplause. Pick up of excellent benefits at township news may lead to morale improvement of village
administrator and operational committee members. These activities must be effective.

29

(2) Development of operator and ICT engineer
1)Though operators were originally considered to be hired from Yangon for English capability and ICT
experience, two local operators were hired to give priority to encouragement of a sense of ownershipof CIC. In addition, other two operators were hired from a nearby town where commercial power
supply is available to give users instruction on prevention method of electric shock. These four
operators were provided with basic computer training and they also played a role of trainers of basic
computer training to villagers.

2)

One ICT engineer was hired once a week from Yangon for 10 months to support operators and hetransferred ICT skill to operators.

3)

Two young monks and a manager in the road construction
supervision office were computer experiencers. They supported
beginners of computers by request from CIC operational committee.

4)

CIC operational committee asked MCF for development of ICT
engineers. KMD which MCF asked for support provided two
representatives of village with 10 days’ basic computer training forfree of charge.

5)

Though CIC experienced one big trouble during project, CIC operational committee fixed the problem
by the cooperation of ICT engineer from Yangon, operators, above-mentioned monks and a manager
in the road construction supervision office.

(3) Challenge for obtaining CIC operation fee
CIC montly operation cost is USD 300. Breakdown of the cost is (i) USD 174 for Satellite Internet
access fee and (ii) USD 126 for operator’s salary. It is almost impossible for CIC operational committee
of a village which has specialty for neither sightseeing nor specialty products to bear such cost. However,as awareness of CIC’s value increased, WG considered the following business models with utilizing
CIC by introducing viewpoint of business to realize sustainability of CIC.
① CSR activities of companies
Plan which was benefitial for companies’ CSR activities was not designed.
②

Sightseeing tour
Though a planner tried to create sightseeing tour for village,
concrete and feasible plan was not created.

③ By following the cases in other countries, WG proposed to devote
a part of increased revenue from expansion of agricultural products
sales by utilizing CIC to CIC operation fee. In particular, expansionof sales destination and increase of sales price was considered not byagricultural product sales through broker but by direct marketing ofagricultural products to users in Yangon with utilizing Facebook at CIC.
As internet payment is not popular, Facebook introduces agricultural
products only, provision of agricultural products and payment for themis conducted face-to-face. Though CIC operational committee created a30

Facebook account of “Hpa Yar Ngoke To e-Village”, any achievements were not made during
peiod of this pilot project in Hpa Yar Ngoke To village, due to lack of participants from thevillagers, lack of members who could continuously coordinate the adequate activities for it. The
main reason came from lack of business experience, lack of finance and shortfall of humanresources and no business training by utilizing Facebook.
④ WG should have considered possibility of inclusive business withasking following persons in the village or near village to utilize CIC.


Related persons of e-Women project in Hpa Yar Ngoke To village
whose donner came from other country. This project is for
women’s livelihood improvement by breeding and sales of littlepigCompany which provides women in the village with sewing
machine and requests them to sew underwear for women

To provide Small Medium Enterprises near village with fee-based
printing service at CIC.



To request previously mentioned entrepreneurship class toinclude CIC or request one who finished entrepreneurship class to use CIC in case that one
founds company.

⑤ The other idea
Idea to make a sale of stationery and top-up of SIM card at the entrance of CIC was provided.

(4) Consideration for reduction of internet access fee
WG considered cheaper internet access than Satellite internet access.
In case of using mobile internet access by using mobile-WiFi router, Window update procedureand download of stream from YouTube by users consume all data of which amount is defined at
prerpaid SIM Top-up in a short time and management of data consumption is difficult. Therefore,
WG recognized that operation of mobile-WiFi router and prerpaid SIM Top-up is unrealistic.



WG considered long-distance Wi-Fi by following assumption.
In the tall building in Dala town which is 15 kilometers far from Hpa Yar Ngoke To village, ADSL
with 512kbps is implemented. Table below shows price of MPT ADSL Basic Services as of July,
2016. Antennas for long-distance Wi-Fi with 4.9GHz are implemented on top of the abovementioned building and Hpa Yar Ngoke To village and connection is established between two
antennas. Though the installation cost of poles for antennas and implementation fee is needed,
operation cost is cheaper than that of Satellite Internet access fee. Operation cost for ADSL isassumed to be paid by adult volunteers in Hpa Yar Ngoke To village.
By interview with villagers in Hpa Yar Ngoke To village, average of monthly usage fee for SIM
by adults who have an income in the village is 5,000 Myanmar Kyats. This is only for voice
usage, because they use data through WiFi at CIC. On the other hand, average of monthly usage
fee for SIM by adults who work outside village is 10,000 Myanmar Kyats. This is for voice anddata usage, because they use some data when they are outside village and use data through WiFi
31

at CIC when they come back to Hpa Yar Ngoke To village.
As of July 20, 2016, adult’s population in Hpa Yar Ngoke To south village is 504 and total
population is 720.
WG assumed that number of adult volunteers is 50, that is, this is 10% of adulut’s population andaverage of monthly usage fee for SIM by those volunteers is 5,000 Myanmar Kyat.
In case that all 50 volunteers donate 10% from their usage fee for SIM to CIC every month,
CIC can get 300,000 Myanmar Kyat per year by 5,000 Myanmar Kyat per month x 10% x 50
volunteers x 12 months.
On the other hand, yearly operation fee for ADSL with 512kbps is 254,000 Myanmar Kyat by
50,000 Myanmar Kyat for Annual Fee and 17,000 for Monthly Fee x 12 months.
As a conclusion, yearly donation fee by 50 volunteers is higher than yearly operation fee for
ADSL with 512kbps. Therefore, sustainable operation of CIC is possible.
MPT ADSL Basic Services (As of July, 2016)
Class

Initial Fee

Annual Fee

Monthly Fee (for 12times)

512kpbs

50,000 Ks

50,000 Ks

17,000 Ks (204,000 Ks)

1Mbps

50,000 Ks

50,000 Ks

34,000 Ks (408,000 Ks)

1.5Mbps50,000 Ks

50,000 Ks

50,000 Ks (600,000 Ks)

2Mbps

50,000 Ks

50,000 Ks

65,000 Ks (780,000 Ks)

2.5Mbps50,000 Ks

50,000 Ks

80,000 Ks (960,000 Ks)

However, WG confirmed that utilization of long distance Wi-Fi is prohibited around Hpa Yar
Ngoke To village, because of administrative reason. WG was not able to find solution to reduce

Internet access fee.

Map of Twantay town, Hpa Yar Ngoke To village and Dala town

(5) The other research results① WG understands that it is not easy for general village to obtain CIC installation fee and operation
fee. Some villages in Myanmar which have specialty products, not only agricultural products but
also crafts, which can expand sales destination with utilizing CIC by introducing viewpoint ofbusiness and which can increase revenue and devote a part of increased revenue to CIC operation.
On the other hand, other villages deliver sightseeing information with utilizing CIC, get tourists and32increase revenue. At the villages which have resources and can sell them by utilizing CIC, there isa possibility for entrepreneurs to start operating CIC as their business. On the other hand, at thevillages which do not have such resources, it is impossible to keep sustainable operation of CICs
only by private sectors’ effort and such villages need some kind of financial aids.
② WG understands that Internet access fee at CIC in village with less means should not be variable
depending on amout of data but be fixed, and villagers should make every effort to cover CIC
operation cost including Internet access fee by inclusive business.
③ WG understands that volunteer in the village with computer experience should be involved in CIC
operation to activate ICT utilization by villagers and through ICT events in which children take part,
ICT awareness of parents, who are not familiar with ICT, should be generated and CIC operationmust be recognized as whole villagers’ activity and entire village may have a possibility to be
activated.
④ Original small building renovated for this project is a typical building in rural area and in 20 monthsof this project the basement of this building become exposed by flow of rainwater and walls got
cracked. To prevent the building from getting further damage, exposed basement and cracks were
fixed by Japanese-descended company. WG understands that choice and operation of building for
CIC requires considerable attention.
⑤ WG understans that to explain to upper administrative agency of the target village, such as
region or state government and township government about the project, to make themunderstand the significance of the project and to get cooperation from them is mandatory forsmooth project execution.

(6) CIC operation after finishing pilot project at Hpa Yar Ngoke To village① Backgrounds
Because project objectives is achieved, Hpa Yar Ngoke To CIC project was finished with period of 2
years and five months and project finished payment of salary for CIC operator and Internet access fee.
On the other hand, villagers and CIC operational committee decided to continue to operate CIC bythemselves to keep following benefits which they got in the period of project.

a.

ICT literacy of children was improved. Parents and adults understand that ability of utilizing
computer look good on taking a job.

b.

Villagers want to continue to use printer. Previously, villagers needed to go outside village to
ask for printing to print shop. Villagers can reduce print cost by the printer at CIC.

c.

Even if Internet is not accessible by cancellation of Internet access contract, off-line contentsof Information portal page are accessible and they are useful for children’s knowledge
enhancement.

② New efforta.

CIC does not pay for Internet access fee. Internet access through mobile network is realized
and paid by individual. Though Facebook, Gmail and free call and message application suchas VIBER is utilized as number of packets is relatively small, YouTube is not utilized as
number of packets is much.
33

b.

As there is strong demand to utilize printer mainly among university students in the village,
CIC will charge the usage fee to procure ink for refill and paper for printing. CIC operationalcomittee will consider the usage fee by checking the usage fee at print shop. For example, asof January 2016, a print shop in Hlaingthaya Township which is 20 kilometer far from Hpa
Yar Ngoke To village has a price list of (i) 100 Kyat per sheet for printing file and (ii) 25
Kyat per sheet for copying sheet.

c.

CIC Opening hours
4pm to 10pm (Close on Monday. Open on holidays)d.

CIC Operator
Plural villagers operate CIC by rotation. They open and close CIC and manage furniture, ICT
equipment and consumables, and collect printer usage fee.

③ Comment from villager
Village is connected to world and academic achievement of students is improved through thisproject. Villagers are extremely grateful for JTEC.

34

3.

Proposal for CIC dissemination

Based on the study results described in the section 2 and the case analysis of the other ASEAN countries, amodel CIC which will be a center for ICT utilization in the rural area and its dissemination plan is proposed.
3.1 CIC model
As a CIC model, basic ICT system, basic services and operation are proposed below.
3.1.1

CIC function

CIC has 3 (three) functions as a diagram below. The 1st function layer named “Library function” is the basic
function of CIC. The main feature of the 1st layer is that of PC itself. This layer enables users to create
documents and print them. This layer also enables users to browse and print the stored contents from the portal
page. This layer function can be useful for ICT education such as the primary ICT literacy training.
The 2nd function layer named “Network access function” is the function to connect with the outside world.
This layer enables users to make internet phone call and access to Internet. This layer enable users to browse
and download all kinds of information from all over the world and enable users to communicate with eachother by e-mail or Social Network System. This layer function can be useful for ICT education such as theprimary ICT literacy training.
The 3rd function layer named “Enhanced function” is necessary to utilize CIC for business. That is, increase in
the number of PCs, installment of sophisticated multifunction printer, business application, business Web pageand secured ICT facilities are indispensable.
This joint study mainly studied the 1st and the 2nd function layers. In the section 3, we propose a CIC model
which mainly supports the 1st and the 2nd layer function. However, it is deserved to dissemiss CICs which
support only the 1st function layer in the area where it takes time to deploy internet.

35

3.1.2

Basic ICT system

A minimum configuration below as basic ICT system is proposed. This configuration costs approximately
USD 2,800 per CIC (See section 3.2.6). Even though the lead time differs according to the situation of eachsite, one week seems to be enough for installation and adjustment of equipment after procurement anddelivery to a target village.

(1) Zero Client PC （to harness local Information portal page and to learn the basic PC utilization）
We propose the Zero Client PC which realizes low power consumption and makes maintenance easier. We
propose one main PC and two Zero Client PCs for three users under budget limit.

(2) Multifunction printerPrinting environment is necessary and the multifunction printer which has a feature of printer, copy andscanner is useful.

(3) Internet access and Wi-Fi access point
Though there are several options of Internet access from a technological aspect, wireless access services suchas satellite service, mobile telecommunication service are realistic because of a short lead time and Internet
access with 512 kbps by the satellite service is proposed as a model. In addition, Wi-Fi access point is proposed,
because privately owned smart phones are spread in Myanmar rapidly and internet access by smart phones arevery effective for promotion of ICT utilization.
3.1.3

Basic service

Following basic services at the minimum are proposed.
(1) Local Information portal page
Local Information portal page is a fundamental service at CIC. Contents of portal page need to meetvillagers’ demands and need to contain information which governemnet wants to delivery. Contents of portal
page are considered to compose of common portion for all villages and portion which will vary village by
village. It is not realistic and not efficient for each village to develop its own portal page. Therefore, it iseffective and efficient to develop portal pages respectively for a certain coherent group such as region
government, state or ethnic minority for sustainable operation and easy dissemination.
(2) ICT literacy training
It is very helpful to provide with ICT literacy training to children and adults respectively. Thus, ICT literacy
training at CIC will lead to ease the digital divide.
(3) Internet access and Wi-Fi access point
Internet access with 512 kbps via a satellite and Wi-Fi access point are proposed.
(4) Telephone service
VoIP service provided by ISP is preparable. Users can also utilize free call application on Internet.
(5) Printing service
Printing service is proposed, as demand is high,(6) Application awarded by the national contests
Useful application for rural livelihood which is awarded by the national contests should be provided topromote ICT utilization

36

3.1.4

Operation

For sustainable CIC operation, following activities are proposed.

(1) Operation by CIC operational committee
CIC operational committee needs to be established and needs to take responsibility of CIC operation.
Members are desirable to be selected in the village. CIC operational committee must be leaded by a leader
who is full of passion.

(2) Development of operator and ICT engineer
Two or three operators need to be developed to operate CIC and assist users. Another two or three ICT
engineers need to be developed to maintain ICT facilities and fix the failure.

(3) PC training to villagers
Periodic PC training needs to be provided villagers with.

(4) Budget Securement for CIC operation
Depending on the level of economic power of each village such as existence of industry and size of population,
following measures need to be taken.
1) Public aids are essential in case a village cannot secure budget for CIC operation by itself.
2) Public aids are not essential in case a village can secure budget for CIC operation by itself.
3.1.5

Proposal to utilize CIC successfully as a rural development hub

Many activities as below need to be conducted to utilize the CIC successfully as a rural development base.
Especially, we highlight an importance of leadership, sustainable operation and continuous effort to improvemanner of CIC utilization.

(1) Enlighten leaders of CIC operational committee about effectiveness of CIC for rural development(2) Development of ICT engineers(3) Realization of localization. Contents must be created in Myanmar language.
(4) Provision of Internet access with a low price(5) Activities to increase farmers’ incomes by promoting sales of agricultural products, craft products
etc. using web and Social Network Service such as Facebook(6) Quick action to correspond to requirements, complaints etc. from users and taking measures toincrease CIC utilization
3.2 CIC dissemination
Joint study working group considered such case that a certain village cannot secure budget for CIC operation
by itself and public aid conducts CIC installation and operation. Working group also simulated the annual
budget for CIC project in this proposal.
3.2.1

Number of CICs to be supported by public aid

There are approximately 64, 000 villages all over Myanmar. This joint study and case studies of other ASEAN
countries show that the level of economic power such as existence of industry and size of population, and theexistence of telecommunication access inexpensively are major factors whether village can secure budget for
CIC operation by itself. In the drastic manner, we classified the 64,000 villages into three segments from the37

viewpoint of economic power and telecommunication access. Even though we may need to implement plural
CICs depending on the village size and its geographical situation, we assume one CIC per village. Thus, thenumber of CICs to be supported by public aid is about 3, 200.
Classification
Number ofvillages (CICs)

Segment 1

Segment 2

Segment 3

Approx. 32, 000

Approx. 28, 800

Approx. 3, 200

Definition ofClassification

Village has a sufficienteconomic power and iscovered with 3G mobile
network. As village seems
to be able to be developedby private-sector
initiative, village belongs
to the group in which the
public aid is unnecessary.

Village has small
economic power and iscovered with 3G mobile
network. As villagers
seem to bear the
expenses for CIC,
village belongs to thegroup in which public
aid is unnecessary.

Village has little economic
power, does not have accessto commercial power supply
and is not covered with 3G
mobile. As village seems tohave no possibility to be
developed by private-sector
initiative, village belongs to
the group in which the public
aid is necessary.

【Reference】
The relation to 3
layers of CIC

Support three layers

Same as on the left

Support the layer 1st and 2nd

3.2.2

Funds for public aid(1) Utilization of Universal Service Obligation Fund (USF)
USF, which has been considered by Ministry of Transport and Communications of Myanmar (hereinafterreferred to as “MoTC”) is proposed to apply to implementation of telecommunication access to rural area anddissemination of CICs at villages in segment 3.
(2) Simulation of the annual income budget for CIC project
Based on the following assumption by working group, the annual income budget for CIC project isestimated at 25 Million USD.

3.2.3

1)

Annual gross profit of all telecommunication operators is 5 (five) Billion USD.

2)

2% of annual gross profit of all telecommunication operators is used as USF.

3)

25% of USF is allocated to budget for CIC project.

Organization for CIC project

For efficiency and transparency, following organizations is proposed to manage CIC project.
(1) ICT rural development team in MoTC
This organization has responsibility of developing the implementation plan of telecommunication access torural area and the dissemination plan of CICs.
(2) USF Operation Institution
An independent entity in Union government which manage USF, has responsibility of implementing
telecommunication access to rural area and disseminating CICs by following the implementation plandeveloped by ICT rural development team in MoTC.
3.2.4

Simulation of CIC dissemination(1) Schedule

38

The number of 3,200 for CIC dissemination is a big number and it is difficult to implement them in a shortperiod. Therefore, working group set a target of 90% completion in a time span of 12 years, that is, 2,880 CICs
and a target of 100% completion in a time span of 15 years.
(2) Simulation of the annual expenditure budget for CIC project
Based on the following assumption by working group, the annual expenditure budget for CIC project isestimated at 23 Million USD at most. (See Table 3.2.4)
1)

CIC installation and maintenance（a） In Thailand, Telecentre project had such experience that it had a plan to implement many
telecentres even in the first year of project and it did not proceed as planned. By considering
advice from Thailand expert, CIC project is proposed to start with small size such as 20 CICs
in the first year of project. Then, project must be evaluated and improved to prepare for mass
CIC implementation.
（b） The number of CIC implementation increase gradually such that 200 CICs are implemented in
the 2nd year of project and 400 CICs are implemented in the 3rd year of project.
（c） After 4 years of each CIC implementation, each CIC facility will be renwed.

2)

ICT rural development team in MoTC（a） headcount： 5 in the first year of project (same as Telecentre project in Thailand）. 10 in the 4thyear of project, because CIC renewal starts from the 5th year and scope of work of CIC projectincreases.
（b） Manpower cost： 1,000 USD per man-month （12,000 USD per man-year）（c） Data center initial fee: 3,000USD（d） Web server procuremet fee: 12,000USD (Web server renewal fee is same)
Breakdown： 10,000USD for PC,（e） Data center running fee:

2,000USD for software license

yearly 4,900 USD

Breakdown： 400USD for Data center usage monthly fee (running),
100USD for software license yearly fee（f） Fee for outsourcing application development to university such as Information portal page:
yearly USD24,000（g） Fee for outsourcing application maintenance to university: monthly 200USD（h） Training plan fee: yearly 12,000 USD（i） Training implementation fee: 3,000USD per CIC
Breakdown： 1,000USD per man-CIC for travel cost, accommodation cost and daily allowancecost. (3 people are assumed to join.)（j） Salary of CIC operator： 300 USD per man-month (3,600 USD per man-year)
3)

USF Operation Institution（a） headcount： 5 in the first year of project (same as Telecentre project in Thailand）. 10 in the 4thyear of project, because CIC renewal starts from the 5th year and scope of work of CIC projectincreases.
（b） Manpower cost： 1,000 USD per man-month （12,000 USD per man-year）（c） CIC procurement cost： 2,800 USD per CIC
39

Breakdown is as below.
Items

AmountDesktop PC (Ubuntu) x 1

US$34019.5 inch LED display x 3

US$210

Ncomputing L300 x 2

US$350

WiFi router

US$100Skynet (Corporate: 512kbps)

US$890

poles

US$80

Solar Panel (500W)

US$220Sinewave Inverter 24～220V 800VA

US$170Battery (12V 100Ah)

US$140CIC Installation cost

US$300
Total

US$2,800（d） CIC yearly maintenance cost： 50 USD per CIC-month (600 USD per CIC-year）（e） CIC renewal cost： 1,000 USD per CIC
Breakdown is as below.
Items

AmountDesktop PC (Ubuntu) x 1

US$340

Ncomputing L300 x 2

US$350Sinewave Inverter 24～220V 800VA

US$170Battery (12V 100Ah)

US$140
Total

US$1,000（f） Satellite internet running cost： 200 USD per CIC-month (2,400 USD per CIC-year)40

Table 3.2.4
Simulation of annual budget for CIC project(Unit: USD)

Year of Project

1

2

3

4

5

6

7

8

9

10

11

12

13

14

15

16

17

18

19

20

5,000,000,000

5,000,000,000

5,000,000,000

5,000,000,000

5,000,000,000

5,000,000,000

5,000,000,000

5,000,000,000

5,000,000,000

5,000,000,000

5,000,000,000

5,000,000,000

5,000,000,000

5,000,000,000

5,000,000,000

5,000,000,000

5,000,000,000

5,000,000,000

5,000,000,000

5,000,000,000

2.00%

2.00%

2.00%

2.00%

2.00%

2.00%

2.00%

2.00%

2.00%

2.00%

2.00%

2.00%

2.00%

2.00%

2.00%

2.00%

2.00%

2.00%

2.00%

2.00%

100,000,000

100,000,000

100,000,000

100,000,000

100,000,000

100,000,000

100,000,000

100,000,000

100,000,000

100,000,000

100,000,000

100,000,000

100,000,000

100,000,000

100,000,000

100,000,000

100,000,000

100,000,000

100,000,000

100,000,000

25.00%

25.00%

25.00%

25.00%

25.00%

25.00%

25.00%

25.00%

25.00%

25.00%

25.00%

25.00%

25.00%

25.00%

25.00%

25.00%

25.00%

25.00%

25.00%

25.00%

25,000,000

25,000,000

25,000,000

25,000,000

25,000,000

25,000,000

25,000,000

25,000,000

25,000,000

25,000,000

25,000,000

25,000,000

25,000,000

25,000,000

25,000,000

25,000,000

25,000,000

25,000,000

25,000,000

25,000,000【annual income】
Annual gross profit of alltelecommunication operators(previous fiscal year)
USF percent
USF annual income budget
CIC project percent
CIC project annual income budget【number of CICs】
number of CIC implementation newly

20

200

400

400

400

300

300

300

300

100

100

100

100

100

86

0

0

0

0

0

number of CIC in operation

20

220

620

1,020

1,420

1,720

2,020

2,320

2,620

2,720

2,820

2,920

3,020

3,120

3,206

3,206

3,206

3,206

3,206

3,206

20

200

400

400

400

300

300

300

300

100

100

100

20

200

400

400

400

300

300

300

300

100

100

100

20

200

400

400

400

300

300

300

number of CIC renewal（the 1st time）
number of CIC renewal（the 2nd time）
number of CIC renewal（the 3rd time）【annual expenditure】
Description

unit price

ICT rural development team in MoTC
headcount
Manpower cost

12,000

5

5

5

10

10

10

10

10

10

10

10

10

10

10

10

10

10

10

10

10

60,00060,00060,000120,000

120,000

120,000

120,000

120,000

120,000

120,000

120,000

120,000

120,000

120,000

120,000

120,000

120,000

120,000

120,000

120,000

Data center initial cost

3,000

Web server procuremet cost

12,000

Data center running cost
outsourcing application development
cost

4,900

4,900

4,900

4,900

4,900

4,900

4,900

4,900

4,900

4,900

4,900

4,900

4,900

4,900

4,900

4,900

4,900

4,900

4,900

4,900

24,00024,00024,00024,00024,00024,00024,00024,00024,00024,00024,00024,00024,00024,00024,00024,00024,00024,00024,00024,000outsourcing application maintenance
cost

2,400

2,400

2,400

2,400

2,400

2,400

2,400

2,400

2,400

2,400

2,400

2,400

2,400

2,400

2,400

2,400

2,400

2,400

2,400

2,400

Training plan cost

12,00012,00012,00012,00012,00012,00012,00012,00012,00012,00012,00012,00012,00012,00012,00012,00012,00012,00012,00012,00012,00012,00012,00012,000Training implementation
cost

3,000

60,000600,000

1,200,000

1,200,000

1,200,000

900,000

900,000

900,000

900,000

300,000

300,000

300,000

300,000

300,000

258,000

0

0

0

0

0

Salary of CIC operator

3,600

72,000792,000

2,232,000

3,672,000

5,112,000

6,192,000

7,272,000

8,352,000

9,432,000

9,792,000

10,152,000

10,512,000

10,872,000

11,232,000

11,541,600

11,541,600

11,541,600

11,541,600

11,541,600

11,541,600

5

5

5

10

10

10

10

10

10

10

10

10

10

10

10

10

10

10

10

10

Manpower cost

12,00060,00060,00060,000120,000

120,000

120,000

120,000

120,000

120,000

120,000

120,000

120,000

120,000

120,000

120,000

120,000

120,000

120,000

120,000

120,000

CIC procurement cost

2,500

50,000500,000

1,000,000

1,000,000

1,000,000

750,000

750,000

750,000

750,000

250,000

250,000

250,000

250,000

250,000

215,000

0

0

0

0

0

CIC Installation cost

300

6,000

60,000120,000

120,000

120,000

90,00090,00090,00090,00030,00030,00030,00030,00030,00025,800

0

0

0

0

0

CIC yearly maintenance
cost

600

12,000132,000

372,000

612,000

852,000

1,032,000

1,212,000

1,392,000

1,572,000

1,632,000

1,692,000

1,752,000

1,812,000

1,872,000

1,923,600

1,923,600

1,923,600

1,923,600

1,923,600

1,923,600

CIC renewal cost

1,000

200,000

400,000

400,000

420,000

500,000

700,000

700,000

720,000

600,000

800,000

800,000

700,000

400,000

400,000

400,000

Satellite internet running
cost

2,400

USF Operation Institution
headcount

Total (annual expenditure)

48,000528,000

1,488,000

2,448,000

3,408,000

4,128,000

4,848,000

5,568,000

6,288,000

6,528,000

6,768,000

7,008,000

7,248,000

7,488,000

7,694,400

7,694,400

7,694,400

7,694,400

7,694,400

7,694,400

426,305

2,775,305

6,575,305

9,335,310

11,987,310

13,575,310

15,755,310

17,735,310

19,747,310

19,315,310

20,175,310

20,835,310

21,527,310

22,055,310

22,741,710

22,242,910

22,154,910

21,842,910

21,842,910

21,842,910

41

(3) Possibility of sustainability
Based on the simulation above, the annual income budget for CIC project is estimated at 25 Million USD andthe annual expenditure budget for CIC project is estimated at 23 Million USD at most. Therefore, CIC project
could be operated sustainably year by year.
4.

Acknowledgment

We thank all villagers who positively participated in e-Village project. We are also very grateful to following
organizations, companies, associations and individuals who considerably provided us with cooperation, help,
advises and suggestions.
Japan side （in Japanese alphabet order）
 IPSTAR Japan Company Limited. 「Consultation for Satellite internet service utilization」
 Mr. Hiroshi Kadokawa 「Advice for design and installation of solar power generation system withbatteries」
 Kinan Densetsu Co., Ltd. 「design and installation of solar power generation system with batteries」
 Nihon Dengyo Kosaku Co., Ltd. 「Provision of wireless system named Falcon WAVE 2.4G」
 Nippon Telegraph and Telephone East Corporation 「Provision of laptop computers」
 MIRAIT Information Systems Co., Ltd. 「Advice for hiring operator in Myanmar」
Myanmar side （in alphabetical order）
 U Lu Han 「Volunteer base computer teacher at CIC」
 Daw May Than Nu 「Dispatch of 9 models to opening ceremony with special price」
 MIRAIT Information Systems Myanmar Co., Ltd. 「Support of System integration」
 Myanmar branch of MUSASHI FUSOU CORPORATION 「Provision of information in Myanmar
and advice on project management」
 Myanmar Information Technology Pte. Ltd. 「Support of PC server installation」
 Myanmar branch of Panasonic Asia Pacific Pte. Ltd. 「Provision of new model of solar panel withspecial price」
 Myanmar office of SEEDS Asia (International NGO) 「Provision of contents for education ofdisaster risk reduction」
 Yangon office of Terra People Association 「Provision of information and advice on Agriculture」
 U Ye Lwin 「Provision of books in Myanmar language」
 ZMH Universal Trading Co., Ltd. 「Provision of gasoline engine generator with special price」
 KMD 「provision of two village ICT enginers with basic computer training for 10 days with free ofcharge」

42Appendix

Appendix - 1

Formation 済 ............................................................................................................... 44

Appendix - 2 Table of Joint Study Item and Task 済 ............................................................................ 45
Appendix - 3 Technology Transfer ..................................................................................................... 47
Appendix - 4 Project Evolution .......................................................................................................... 48
Appendix - 5 Site Survey ................................................................................................................... 49
Appendix - 6 Scope of library renovation ............................................................................................ 50
Appendix - 7 Purchase List ................................................................................................................ 51
Appendix - 8 Electric energy Estimation ............................................................................................. 53
Appendix - 9 Electric schematic diagram 済 ....................................................................................... 54
Appendix - 10 Current Stabilizer and Uninterruptible Power supply System (UPS)済 ............................ 55
Appendix - 11 Advertisement leaflet for Community ICT Center.......................................................... 56
Appendix - 12 Program of Opening Ceremony and International ICT workshop 済 ............................... 57
Appendix - 13 Establishment of Hpa-Yar-Ngoke-To CIC Operational Committee 済 ............................. 58
Appendix - 14 Activities and Events ............................................................................................ 60

43

Appendix - 1

Formation

44

Appendix - 2

Table of Joint Study Item and Task

Joint Study Item and Task from Nov. 2013 to Mar. 2015
WG1 (Promotion and Public Assistance Working Group)
No

Item

Task

Schedule.
1

Nov. 2013 to Feb. 2014
Sustainable

1-1 Place and-Determination of the village for Joint Study

Operation andEnvironment-Extraction of the general conditions for place and environment

Management

1-2 Benefit Service for-Consideration of the beneficial service for rural resident

rural resident
1-3 Model-End of Nov.: Determination of the village for Joint Study

Mar. 2014 to Mar. 2015
-Extraction of the general conditions for place and environment
to make the activity sustainable through the joint study-Nov to End of Jan : Consideration of service-Consideration and Determination of new services-By End of Feb: Determination of service for Phase 1 and 2-Creation, Practice and Verification of Model which is affordable and-By End of Feb: Creation of Model for Phase 1 and 2

sustainable-Mar. to Jun: Practice and Verification of Phase 1 Model-May to Mar: Creation, Practice and Verification of Phase 2
Model and new model

1-4 Maintenance Plan

-Creation, Practice and Verification of Maintenance Plan for-By End of Feb: Creation and Practice of Maintenance Plan

-Verification of Maintenance Plan

-By End of Feb: Consideration and Practice-Verification

Community ICT Center (which is tentative name)
1-5 Human Resource-Enlightenment to local Government who promotes ICT system in

Development andrural area

Promotion of ICT-Operation Training for End user

-By End of Feb: Operation Training of PC and Internet access-Operation Training of Application

1-6 Easy to Use-Localization for Myanmar language and Verification-By End of Feb: Consideration and Practice-Verification

1-7 Case Study-Introduction of Case Study in Japan , Indonesia and Thailand-Jan: Introduction of Case Study in Japan , Indonesia andsystemThailand(J)-Work shop
2

Public2-1 Campaign

Relations of-Mar. 2014: Work shop of Case Study-Request for Auspices of Related Ministries in Myanmar and Japan-By End of Feb: Gain of Auspices-Public Relations in Myanmar-By End of Dec: Create website contents by Translation in

Project

Myanmar-By End of Feb: Public Relations in the village
2-2 Ceremony-Public Relations in Japan-By End of Nov: Setup the Portal website of Project-Tape Cutting Ceremony-By End of Feb: Preparation

NOTE:
Phase 1: Utilization of VSAT. Utilization of basic application（WEB browser, e-mail and Internet telephony） or more.
Phase 2: Utilization of long distance Wi-Fi system and Optical Fiber in addition to VSAT. Utilization of new application in addition to basic application

45-Mar. 2014: CeremonyWG2 (ICT System Working Group)
No

Item

Task

Schedule.
1

Nov. 2013 to Feb. 2014

Mar. 2014 to Mar. 2015

Optimal and

1-1 Proposal of Optimal-Proposal of Affordable and-May: Creation of Proposal (J) and discussion in

Affordable

and Affordable Com

Sustainable Com System

WG

Communication

System-Jun: Determination and Proposal

System2

Installation and

2-1 Com System

Maintenance of a

【Phase1】 VSAT base Com System-Design-By End of Jan: Gain of permission for Equipment Installation place (M)model ICT system-Nov to End of Jan: Design

based on the-By End of Jan: Purchase Order of Com System (J)conditions-By End of Feb: (a)Progress Management of procurement (M), (b)Receipt and Storage of Equipment.(M)required by WG1-Installation-By End of Feb: Installation (M) and Acceptance Test (J)-Tape Cutting Ceremony-By End of Feb: Preparation-Mar. 2014: Ceremony【Phase2】Long distance Wi-Fi system and Optical Fiber base Com System-Design-By End of Mar: Gain of permission for Equipment and Optical Fiber Installation place (M)【Wi-Fi】-By End of Apr: Design and Purchase
Order【Optical Fiber】-Apr to End of May: Installation
Design-End of Jun: Purchase Order

Export and Import of Com-By End of Dec: (a)Survey of custom clearing process (M), (b)Request for Simplification of custom clearing【Wi-Fi】End of Jun: Export and Import

Systemprocess (M), (c)Gain of quotation of custom clearing fee and transportation fee to the village (M)【Optical Fiber】Beginning of Oct: Export and-By End of Dec: (a)Survey of type approval gain process for Long Distance Wi-Fi and Optical Fiber (M),

Import(b)Request for Simplification of type approval gain process (M)-By Beginning of May: Gain of Type Approval (M)【Wi-Fi】End of Jul: Installation-Installation【Optical Fiber】Mid of Oct: Installation
2-2 Application System-Installation of Application-Installation of Application system, if WG1 prepares one in this time frame

System3

Phase2

2-3 ICT system-Maintenance of ICT system-Maintenance of ICT system based on Maintenance Plan created by WG1

Transportation of

3-1 Transportation of-Case Study-Jan: Introduction of Case Study for ICT system in rural area of other countries

skill andskill and Know-how on-Creation of the guideline-By End of Jan: Creation of draft guide line for Design, Installation, Maintenance and application operation

Know-howinstallation andmanual (J)maintenance-By End of Feb: Completion and Practice-Transportation-Mar. to Jun: Installation of Application system for- Transportation of skill and Know-how by Experience of Design, Installation and Maintenance activity for Phase1 and Phase 2

NOTE: ‘Communication System’ is described as ‘Com System’ in short. (J) stands for the assigning tasks for JTEC and (M) stands for the assigning tasks for MCF.
ICT system comprises (1) Communication System and (2) Application System.
Communication System contains VSAT, long distance Wi-Fi system, Optical Fiber, PC, phone and etc.
Application System contains e-health system, for example, PC servers, application, software and etc.
46

Appendix - 3

Technology Transfer

To contribute to the development of rural areas in Myanmarby introducing ICT utilization in villages, JTEC
(Japan) and MCF (Myanmar) cooperate in installation and operation of a pilot rural ICT center, and conduct a
joint study on systems, technical capabilities as well as measures for sustainable operation.
 Technical Transfer through Joint Study Japan side (Working Groups) provides Myanmar side (Working Groups) with the experience, knowhow and knowledge for useful application in rural areas.
 Myanmar side (Working Groups) provides Japan side (Working Groups) with the information such as
custom in Myanmar.
 The reason for taking the “Joint Study” style is because JTEC has plenty of experience of seeing
the not-good project either by JTEC or by other foreign parties by forcing the providers’ own idea
and application without getting the specific information in those countries and without discussing
with people in those countries.
 “Joint Study” style can realize the technical transfer and Myanmar side (Working Groups) can learn
how to create or modify the specific useful application in rural areas in Myanmar by themselves
like Japanese vendors do under the specific custom and social conditions in Japan.
 Method of Technical Transfer
JTEC will recommend taking the following steps.
(Step1) Demand Analysis for Hpa Yai Ngoke To (What is his/her most biggest concern to be solved?)(Step2) Consideration of the concerns among above ones which may be able to be solved by ICT
application(Step3) Prioritizing the items which may be able to be solved by ICT application(Step4) Create and Install ICT application. Then, operate it and get the feedback and improve it.
(Step5) Promote the improved application over all Myanmar as a model which is suitable in rural area
and affordable and sustainable.
 To learn the Case Studies including those in the planned International Work shop can assist the above
steps.

47

Appendix - 4

Project Evolution

48

Appendix - 5

Site Survey

Result of the survey as of November 2013
Village Hpa Yar Ngoke To
north village,
Item
Twantay townshipCommercial power
supplyNumber of houses
Number of mobile
phone
Population
SchoolOther facility
Number of Clinic
Number of Doctor
Number of Midwife
Number of Monastry
Number of Policeman
Village officer

Number of Entrepreneur(eWomen)

Mobile network
coverage
Wired internet accesssuch as ADSL or
Optical fiber
Number of Hotel
Candidate place for
Computer installation

Not exist

Hpa Yar Ngoke To
south village,
Twantay township

Kanbe village, Twantay township

Not exist

Available

Combined 300 houses between
north villageand south village
50
38

1,300
uninvestigated479
685
One elementary Two elementary
school (0-4 grade) school

5,000
Some students go to school inthe morning and the others go in
the afternoon. Number ofstudents is 1,948 which includes
high school students of 505.
Number of teacher is 16.
One library
One library
One library
Not exist
1
1
0
0
0
0
1
1
1
1
6
0 (Policemen at the side of roads are delivered from Twantay town)One
One
One administrator and 10
administrator
administrator
officers
and 10 officers
and 16 officers
99Not exist
Cdma400MHz, which is long-reach, is provided. However, signal isweak and call-enabled area is only at the place with good visibility.
Not exist
Not exist
Not exist

0
School,Monastry0
School,Monastry0
School, Monastry

Location in front of library of Hpa Yar Ngoke To south village
Latitude 16 degrees and 43.259 minutes north and Longtitude 96 degrees and 1.798 minutes east
Remark: Population composition of Hpa Yar Ngoke To south village as of July 20, 2016
Total population：720【Breakdown】
children before entering into elementary school: 60, elementary school students (0-4 grade): 67,
Junior high school (5-8 grade): 65, High school (9-10 grade): 15, Univercity: 9, the others: 504
49

Appendix - 6

Scope of library renovation

1. RoofRepair a leaky roof
2. Ceiling
Install a ceiling newly to keep out the intense heat of sunlight
3. Floor
Keep it as is
4. Internal wall and external wall
Keep it as is
5. Window
Repair broken windows and install the simple key at windows
6. Front door of library
Repair the broken front door and install the key at door
7. OtherFill a gap at roof and walls for trash not to enter the library, as sensitive equipments such as
computers will be installed.

50

Appendix - 7

Purchase List

1. PC Hardware
No.

Description
PC Hardware(Dell Optiplex 9010)
 Intel Core i7-3770, 16GB RAM, 2 x 1TB HDD
1  1GB Graphic
 Dell Keyboard
 Dell Mouse
 1 Year Warranty
2 20" Monitor

Qty

3 SonicGear Headset HS 405

1

4 SonicGear Speaker Morro3SDU

1

5 Myanmar Keyboard + Mouse

1

1

1

2. PC SoftwareNo.

Description

Qty

1 MS Multipoint Server 2012 English version

1

2 MS Windows Multipoint Server CAL

6

3 MS Windows Server CAL

6

3. Zero ClientNo.

Description

Qty

1 Zero Client Control Software with Licenses

1

2 Ncomputing L300

6

3 20" ViewSonic LED Monitor+ Myanmar K/B+ Mouse+ SonicGear HS405 Headset

6

4. Laptop PC
No.

Description

Laptop PC(Toshiba L855)
1  Intel Core i3-3210M , 15.6" Screen, 640GB HDD, 4GB RAM
 1 Year Hardware Warranty
 Genuine Windows 8 only (NOT include MS Office)2 Epson L210 color inkjet multifunction printer
3 Spare Ink Set (C,M,Y,K)

Qty

2

1
1

5. IP network equipment
No.

Description

Qty

1 LAN Switch : D-Link, 16-PORT GIGABIT SWITCH (DGS-1008A)

1

2 WiFi indooor router : Linksys Wi-Fi Router E1500

1

3 WiFi outdoor router : Ubiquiti Networks, NanoStationM2 (180 degree support/unit)

251

6. Electrical equipment
No.

Description

Qty

1 Gasoline Engine Power Generator 2.2kVA

1

2 Stabilizer 5kVA

1

3 Online UPS 1.0kVA

2

4 LED Lighting (Outside)1

5 LED Lighting (Indoor)

6

7. Skynet/IPSTAR
No.

Description

Skynet MPS Equipment
 Outdoor Unit
1  Indoor Unit
 Accessories
 Installation
2 VoIP, phone minutes

Qty

1

1

3 Skynet MPS Service Monthly Fee (3 months)

3

8. FurnitureNo.

Description

Qty

1 Desk and Chair

7

2 Rack Cabinet with 12U height with lock2

3 Vinyl carpet (2m x 18m)

1

4 analog phone1

5 Lock

1

9. Solar Panel and Battery
No.

Description

Qty

1 Solar Panel 255W

6

2 Battery 105Ah

4

3 Battery Charger Controller

1

4 Inverter

1

5 Installation Work

152

Appendix - 8

No.

Electric energy Estimation

Load Description

1 Satellite Terminal (IDU)

product name

Total
Total
Total
Total
Max.
NormalNormalQty Max. Watt Normal Hours Max. Watt
Watt (W) Watt (W)Watt Hour(W)
Watt (W)
Hour (Wh)(Wh)

M4 (Skynet)

75

60

1

75

60

6.5

487.5

390.0

2 Analog Telophone Adapter ATA(Skynet)

5

4

1

5

4

6.5

32.5

26.0

4.5

3.6

1

4.5

3.6

6.5

29.3

23.4

3.9

3.12

1

3.9

3.12

6.5

25.4

20.3

3 LAN switch-1
4 WiFi router

D-Link, 8-PORT GIGABITSWITCH
Linksys Wi-Fi Router
E1500

5 PC Server

Dell Optiplex 9010

275

220

1

275

220

6.5

1,787.5

1,430.0

6 LED Monitor (Display)

DELL 20" monitor

22

17.6

1

22

17.6

6.5

143.0

114.4

7 LAN Switch-2

ProLink, 16-PORT
GIGABIT SWITCH

4.5

3.6

1

4.5

3.6

6.5

29.3

23.4

8 Zero Client Box

Ncomputing L300

5

4

6

30

24

6.5

195.0

156.0

9 LED Monitor (Display)20" ViewSonic LED
Monitor

32

25.6

6

192

153.6

6.5

1,248.0

998.4

10 Lap-Top

Toshiba L855

65

52

2

130

104

1

130.0

104.0

8

6.4

2

16

12.8

6.5

104.0

83.2

5

4

1

5

4

6.5

32.5

26.0

Epson L210 color inkjet multifunction
13printer 10.4

1

13

10.4

0.25

3.3

2.6

11 WiFi outdoor Hotspot
12 Long Distance WiFi
13 PrinterUbiquiti Networks,
NanoStationM2
NIHON Dengyo Kosaku,
Falcon Wave

14 LED Lighting (Outside)

20

16

1

20

16

0

0.0

0.0

15 LED Lighting (Indoor)

15

12

6

90

72

6.5

585.0

468.0

16 Buzzer Alarm

5

4

1

5

4

0

0.0

0.0

890.9

712.72

4,832.1

3,865.7

total

53

Appendix - 9

Electric schematic diagram

Gasoline Engine Generator

Stabilizer 5kVA

Equipment

SwitchCircuit breaker

Solar panel(255W x 6)
Circuit of series of two main elements (75.2V)
Three parallel (25.26A)

Battery Charger Controller(DC150V 45A)

Inverter(24V 1500W)

Circuit breaker
SwitchCircuit breaker

Battery (12V 105Ah x 4)
Circuit of series of two main elements (24V)
Two parallel (210Ah)54

Appendix - 10

Current Stabilizer and Uninterruptible Power supply System (UPS)済UPSUPS needs to be deployed between outlet and Equipment.

55

Appendix - 11

Advertisement leaflet for Community ICT Center

56

Appendix - 12

Program of Opening Ceremony and International ICT workshop

Myanmar “eVillage” ICT Center
Opening Ceremony & International Workshop-- Program –ICT Center Opening Ceremony

Saturday, 5th July 2014
“Hpa Yar Ngoke To” South Village, Twantay Township, Yangon

09:00
10:00
10:10
10:20
10:50
11:10

Registration
Welcome Speech
U Khun Oo, President, MCF (10 Min)
Opening Speech
Dr. Yoshio Utsumi, President, JTEC (10 Min)
Photo Session, Ribbon Cutting Ceremony (30 Min)
Demonstration of Computer Applications (20 Min)
Concluding Remarks by VIPs
Refreshment

International Workshop

Monday, 7th July 2014
MCF Conference Hall, MICT Park, Hlaing Township, Yangon

09:30
10:10

Registration and Refreshment
Opening Speech
U Myint Swe, Chief Minister, Yangon Region Government (10 Min)
10:20
Opening Speech
Dr. Yoshio Utsumi, President, JTEC (10 Min)
10:30
Keynote SpeechProf. Nwe Nwe Win, PhD, Vice President (2), MCF (25 Min)Mr. Yasuhiko Kawasumi, Vice-Chair/ITU-D SG1, ITU Association of Japan (25
Min)
11:20
Presentation of Invited Speakers
Dr. Fumihiko Tomita, Vice President, NICT, Japan (25 Min)Dr. Thusanai Piarabutr, Ex SEVP, TOT, Thailand (45 Min)Mr. Marvels Situmorang, Director, MCIT, Indonesia (45 Min)
13:15
Q and A, Wrap Up (MCF)
13:30
Closing Address
U Khun Oo, President, MCF
Luncheon (13:35--14:50)(Note) From 14:00pm, the NICT Workshop will be held at the same venue.
Co-organizers: Japan Telecommunication Engineering and Consulting Service,
Myanmar Computer Federation
Supporting organization: Ministry of Internal Affairs and Communications (Japan)
57

Appendix - 13

Establishment of Hpa-Yar-Ngoke-To CIC Operational Committee

1. Background
It is really difficult to realize CIC of villagers, by villagers and for villagers, unless otherwise
operated on their own motive under participation of the villagers concerned. To be ready tocope with such difficulty after JTEC transfers CIC facilities to local administration, it is now
required to set up an operational committee at Hpa-Yar-Ngoke-To Village.
2. Objective
The Operational Committee is to impel and promote further utilization of CIC facilities,
including upgrading and expanding of applications/contents, smooth operation andmaintenance, etc. – which is keenly needed for self-reliant way of operating CIC in principle.
3. Structure of the Operational Committee
The Committee consists of a steering committee as high-level group and an O&M group as
subordinate working group.
For the time being, JTEC an MCF will join the steering committee for advisory purpose on ad
hoc basis so as to assist the Committee.
Steering committee members:
Chairperson, Vice chairperson and 3 members, including influential individuals.
O&M group members:This working group consists of 6 to 10 young people, including university students and highschool students. Usually, 2 persons will work together as turn of duty.
JTEC and MCF should consider giving those members sufficient training for PC operation,
network engineering including WiFi, solar power system, engine generator.
4. Scope of the Operational Committee
 Discussion on the requirement and issues （which can be solved by villagers/which need theoutside assistance）


Determination of ICTcenter opening hours (Currently, open 9:30 to 16:30, close
Monday)

Determination of the O&M persons

Decision of the cost plan (which can be solved by villagers/which need the outside assistance）
In case that the Operational Committee needs the outside assistance, JTEC and MCF ask
for the aid to the companies.
Currently, JTEC pays below.for the salary of O&M persons (Mr. Zaw Myo and Mr. Zaw MinOo) and the ICT engineer (Mr. Ye Thu Naungdwe) and VSAT fee.
the monthly salary of O&M persons (Mr. Zaw Myo and Mr. Zaw Min Oo): 150,800 KYATthe monthly salary of the ICT engineer (Mr. Ye Thu Naungdwe): USD 150

the monthly Internet fee of 512kbps (Corporate Service): USD174 (cf. The fee for58512kbps Consumer Service is 70 USD.)Have an interview with MCF/JTEC on the activity of Operational Committee

5. Starting time: as soon as possible
6. Expected hurdle
It will be rather difficult to convince villagers, including the village chief. So, JTEC should
appropriately and exactly transfer its idea and consideration about necessity of establishing
the Committee. Advisory work should be continued with patience, since “endurance makes you
stronger”.
7. Actions to be taken
 Percussion to the village chief, nomination of committee members
 Unofficial committee meeting for preparatory work for officially setting up the Committee

59Appendix - 14

Activities and Events

Time

Activity and Event

Nov.



Signing of MOU on e-Village project

2013



Working Group kick offStart of joint research in the village

Mar.



Renovation of library in Hpa-Yar-Ngoke-To south Village

2014



Start of soft operation of Community ICT Center (CIC)May



Installation of Solar panels and batteries

June



President of Yangon Region Government visited CIC

CIC operator fixed a leak in a roof at his own expenseHold of opening ceremony at village with more than 150 participants. Start of actual

July

operation of CIC on Saturday, July 5thHold of international workshop at the city with more than 80 participants on
Monday, July 7th

Sep.



Hold of e-Village Mobile Application Contest

Nov.



Install application in the village which won prizes at e-Village Mobile Application
Contest

Start of consideration for establishment of CIC operational committee in Hpa-YarNgoke-To south Village

Opening hours of CIC was changed into 3pm to 10pm from Nov. 20

Feb.



Establishment of CIC operational committee in Hpa-Yar-Ngoke-To south Village

2015



Hold of workshop for promotion of ICT utilization for housewives in Hpa Yar Ngoke
To south village

Mar.



Hold of awards ceremony of e-Village Mobile Application Contest

June



Failure of printer and its replacement

Aug.



Landfall of Cyclone Komen at Bangladesh brought record heavy rainfall and HpaYar-Ngoke-To south Village was flooded. CIC operator evacuated batteries forpreventation of electric shock

Start of discussion by CIC operational committee about CIC transfer



Failure of power unit in PC server and repairment at service center in Yangon city

Dec.



Repair work of CIC from December 7th to December 12th

Jan.



WG exchanged idea and opinions with experts of rural ICT development from

Oct.

2016

Indonesia and Thailand who visited Myanmar for APT-J1 project and got advice fromexperts on ICT development in Myanmar and sustainable CIC operation


KMD provided two village ICT enginers with basic computer training for 10 days withfree of charge

Aug.



Hold of CIC transfer ceremony with participant of deputy township administrator
60