CITIES ON THE ROUTE TO 2030
Building a zero emissions, resilient planet for all

May 2021

ABOUT CDP

CDP is a global non-profit that runs the world’s
environmental disclosure system for subnational
governments and companies. Over 10,000
organizations around the world disclosed data
through CDP in 2020, including more than 9,600
companies worth over 50% of global market
capitalization, and over 940 cities, states and regions— representing a combined population ofover 2.6 billion. Visit cdp.net or follow us @CDP tofind out more.

2

TABLE OF CONTENTS

04

Key findings05

Foreword

06

The route to 2030

14City climate action is global and diverse

16

Ten years of city action: The global picture25

Africa

27

Asia

29

Europe31

Latin America

33

North America

35

Oceania

Important NoticeThis report may be used by anyone provided that acknowledgment is given to CDP. This does not represent alicense to repackage or resell any of its contents without the express permission of CDP.
CDP has prepared the data and analysis in this report based on responses to the Cities 2020 Questionnaire.
No representation or warranty (express or implied) is given by CDP as to the accuracy or completeness of theinformation and opinions contained in this report. You should not act upon the information contained in thispublication without obtaining specific professional advice. To the extent permitted by law, CDP does not accept
or assume any liability, responsibility or duty of care in reliance on the information contained in this report.
All information and views expressed herein by CDP are based on their judgment at the time of this report andare subject to change without notice. Guest commentaries, where included in this report, reflect the views of
their respective authors; their inclusion is not an endorsement of them.
The reference to a “city” in the report applies to any entity that submitted data through the Cities 2020
Questionnaire in the CDP-ICLEI Unified Reporting System. The analysis contains data from cities or, in someinstances, groups of cities at different administrative levels that reported in 2020. This includes metropolitan
areas, combined authorities, and some regional councils.
‘CDP’ refers to CDP Worldwide, a registered charity number 1122330 and a company limited by guarantee,
registered in England number 05013650.
© 2021 CDP Worldwide. All rights reserved.
3

KEY FINDINGSIn 2020, there has been a 17x increase in city disclosure since 2011 — 812 cities have disclosed, comparedto just 48 in 2011.

Cutting emissions inline with 1.5oC^67% of cities now have city-wide emissions^

Over half (51%) of cities do not yet have a climate
action plan.

^

Reporting cities are generating around 692
million Megawatt-hours (MWh) of renewableenergy from their emission reduction activities,
enough to power almost 65 million homes for
one year1.

^

Renewable energy makes up 42%2 of reporting
cities’ energy mix vs. a global average of 26%3.

^

60% of cities cite substantive risk to their water
security.

inventories.
^58% of cities do not yet have a city-wide

emissions reduction target.
^

148 cities report that their targets are aligned with
1.5°C, but only 52 of these reported an interim target.

Building resilience toprotect every person^93% of cities are facing significant climate risks.
^

43% of cities, representing a projected populationof over 400 million people by 2030, do not have an
adaptation plan to tackle climate risk.

^Only 46% of cities include water security in theirvulnerability assessment.

^

For 74% of cities, climate change is increasing
risks to already vulnerable populations.

^

Almost 50% of cities taking adaptation actions
see a public health benefit from these measures.

^

59% of cities have conducted a climate risk andvulnerability assessment.

^

25% of cities cite budgetary capacity issues as abarrier to adaptation.

^

Cities with climate action plans identify twice
as many opportunities from addressing climatechange as cities that do not. These opportunities
include business innovation and additional
funding. These cities are also taking five times as
many actions to reduce emissions as other cities.

^

Cities identify over 1,000 climate projects
seeking finance, worth USD 72 billion4.

^

76% of cities are collaborating with businesses
on sustainability projects or are intending to do
so in the next two years.

Climate planningto sustain action^87% of cities are incorporating sustainability into

master planning or are intending to do so in the next
two years.
^

1

3


4

Cities that incorporate sustainability into masterplanning identify more than twice (2.4x) as many
opportunities from addressing climate change as
cities that do not.

The comparison to total homes powered is based on data from the EPA calculator.
2SXIXLEXXLMWWXEXMWXMGMRGPYHIWGMXMIWMR0EXMR%QIVMGE[LIVIL]HVSTS[IVGSRXVMFYXIWWMKRMƤGERXP]XSXLIIRIVK]QM\;MXLSYXXLIWI0EXMR%QIVMGERGMXMIW SJVITSVXMRKGMXMIW IRIVK]QM\is made up of renewable energy, which is still higher than the global average.
IEA, 2018.
8LMWMWXLIXSXEPGSWXSJXLITVSNIGXWMHIRXMƤIH'MXMIWEVIWIIOMRKJSVMRZIWXQIRXJSVTEVXSJXLMWGSWXŪ97(FMPPMSRFOREWORD

2020 marked ten years of cities reporting climate and environmental
HEXEXLVSYKLXLI'(4-'0)-9RMƤIH6ITSVXMRK7]WXIQ

Kyra Appleby
Global Director of Cities, States
and Regions, CDP

We have witnessed a profound change
in climate action over the past decade.
Local government action and ambition
has increased, and national governments
have also stepped up. The signing of theParis Agreement in 2015 was a turning
point for city action — the number ofcities disclosing to CDP since 2015 hasmore than doubled, showing that cities
are stepping up to the challenge ofcutting emissions and building resilience
to climate change.
With the publication of theIntergovernmental Panel on Climate
Change (IPCC)’s Special Report on 1.5°C
in 2018, this momentum continued, andwe began to see an upswell in cities
across the globe setting long-term
ambitious targets. In many countries,
cities’ targets are more ambitious
than their national government’s
commitments, such as in Santa Fe
County in the United States, Greater
Manchester in the United Kingdom, andPenampang in Malaysia. In 2020, 148cities reported having targets aligned witha 1.5°C future. This figure is set to grow inthe coming years as cities develop theirscience-based climate targets.
Since the beginning of the COVID-19
pandemic, cities have been on thefrontline of two complex global crises:
tackling the pandemic and climatechange simultaneously. Despite facing
increased pressure and reduced
resources during this time, 812 cities
reported on their environmental
impacts in 2020. It is testament to thetruly determined staff in cities acrossthe globe who work tirelessly to takeaction on climate change in the face of
extremely challenging circumstances.
From all of us at CDP, we thank you
for your efforts and your continued
commitment to strong and meaningfulenvironmental action.
What began as a public health crisis
has now developed into a social andeconomic crisis. COVID-19 has shone alight on inequalities and vulnerabilities,
showing us that cities can’t go back tobusiness as usual — we need to build
back better.
 SJGMXMIWVITSVXXLEXGPMQEXIGLERKI
is increasing risk to already vulnerable
populations. City climate action must
tackle social inequality too, ensuring fairand equitable protection from climate
and public health threats.
We now find ourselves in the second
year of the decade of climate action.
We are facing a climate emergency, andthis is our last chance to make rapidand deep cuts to global emissions,protect biodiversity, and ensure our cities
provide safe and resilient places to live
and do business.
As we embark on the next ten years ofclimate action, we acknowledge thatcity progress has been steady, butthere is still much work to do. We mustprioritize a green recovery and ensurethat cities have the necessary support todecarbonize rapidly and build resilience
to tackle climate risks. With the clock
ticking down, the time for strong,
decisive action is now.

5THE ROUTE TO 2030

%W[IQEVOXIR]IEVWSJ'(4GMXMIWŭHMWGPSWYVI[IVIƥIGXYTSRXLILYKIKVS[XLMR
reporting of data and action, with a 17-fold increase in the number of cities disclosing
XLVSYKLXLI'(4-'0)-9RMƤIH6ITSVXMRK7]WXIQ%W[IPSSOXSXLIRI\X]IEVW[IQYWX
continue this upward trajectory towards a resilient future — the health of the planet and its
people depend on it.
The latest climate science is clear. We must reduce
KPSFEPIQMWWMSRWF] F]ERHVIEGLRIX^IVS
by 2050 if we are to build a zero emissions and safe,
VIWMPMIRXTPERIXJSVEPP'MXMIWVITVIWIRXYTXS SJKPSFEP
emissions5 and have a vital role to play. Yet cities cannot
do it alone. Despite the powers they have, the bulk of acity’s emissions typically come from sources over which it
exercises no direct control6.
Cities are stepping up to this challenge by choosing to
GSPPEFSVEXI[MXLSXLIVWXEOILSPHIVW SJGMXMIWEVI
already working with the private sector on sustainability
projects, or plan to do so in the next two years.

Cities have a dual role to play. To survive and thrive theymust be resilient, healthy, and equitable places to live andwork. To achieve this all cities should have a plan to adapt
XSGPMQEXIGLERKI%PXLSYKL SJVITSVXMRKGMXMIWEVI
facing significant climate hazards, putting their people
ERHMRJVEWXVYGXYVIEXVMWOGYVVIRXP] SJGMXMIWHSRSX]IX
have an adaptation plan to tackle these hazards.
Robust, accurate, and timely disclosure of environmental
data is essential if we are to credibly demonstrate progress
toward limiting global warming to 1.5°C.
To stay within safe limits, we must accelerate action today.

We know that cities are on the front lines of the climate emergency. They are densely populated, and they
EGGSYRXJSV SJKPSFEPIQMWWMSRW&YXXLI]EVIEPWSEKIRXWSJGLERKIXSFYMPHERI[QSHIPSJWSGMIX]
We, the mayors, we know how to act quickly on the ground, as close as possible to the people who are
already being impacted by climate change.

ANNE HIDALGOMayor of Paris, France

Paris, France
5
6

66+PSFEP6ITSVXSR,YQER7IXXPIQIRXW'MXMIWERH'PMQEXI'LERKI92,%&-8%8
It Takes a City: The Case for Collaborative Climate Action, CDP, 2016.

Cities’ progress over the last ten years

544

339

citieshave city-wide
emissionsinventories

from 30
in 2011

Renewables make up

42%
vs.

26%

of reporting
cities’energy mix
globalaverage7

have city-wide
emissions
reduction targets

459

399

citiesfrom 16
in 2011have anadaptation planthat identifies
and manages
climate risks

have climate
action plans710

citiesfrom 30
in 2011

citiesfrom 210
in 2016

citiesincorporate
sustainability
into their masterplanning or plan
to do sofrom 32
in 2011

Kolkata, India
7

Ibid., IEA, 2018

7

HALVING EMISSIONS BY 2030
Over the past ten years cities have made progressin measuring their emissions, setting targets, andimplementing plans and actions to reduce emissions.

Today, 544 cities have city-wide emissions inventories,
up from 30 in 2011. 365 cities have city-wide emissions
reduction targets, up from 16 in 2011.

Most commonly reported actions cities are implementing to achieve their targets and reduce emissions(% of total and number of cities reporting each action)

34% 27617%

implement energy efficiency/
retrofit measures

implement building codes and standards

21%

16%

173

142

126

use low or zero carbon
energy supply generation

are planning green space and/or
biodiversity preservation and expansion

20% 16215%

use on-site renewableenergy generation

are building recycling or compostingcollections and/or facilities

19%

14%

156

118

116

are installing LED/ CFL/ otherluminaire technologies

separate recyclables and organics
from other waste

18%

13%

146

are improving fuel economy toreduce COǖ from motorized vehicles

107

are developing infrastructure fornon-motorized transport

Medellín, Colombia
8Cities’ actions are having an impact

Where cities should focus their efforts

The actions mentioned above and other actions alreadybeing taken by cities are expected to reduce more than
63 million metric tonnes of COǖ per year, save 69 million
MWh of energy every year, and generate 692 million
MWh of renewable energy, enough to power almost 65
million homes for one year8.

In most cities, buildings, transport, energy and waste
are the areas that have the greatest potential to reduce
emissions14,S[IZIVMRNYWX SJVITSVXMRKGMXMIW
were taking actions to reduce emissions in buildings,
SRP] [IVIXEGOPMRKXVERWTSVXIQMWWMSRWERHSRP]
 [IVIXEOMRKEGXMSRWXSHIGEVFSRM^IXLIIPIGXVMGMX]
grid. Our data shows there is still a gap between what isneeded and what cities are doing.

The way forward
While cities are making progress, there is still muchwork to be done. When it comes to cutting emissions,cities must set and deliver against science-based
climate targets9 to determine their pathway for reducing
emissions to net zero by 2050. In 2020, 148 cities
reported a 1.5°C-aligned target. While most of thesetargets were reported by North American (58) andEuropean cities (49), we are seeing a more diverse groupof cities taking accountability for cutting their fair shareof emissions, such as eThekwini in South Africa, Quito in
Ecuador and Nairobi in Kenya.
&]VEQTMRKYTXLIMVEGXMSRERHGPSWIP]GSPPEFSVEXMRK[MXL
the utilities sector and regulators, cities could achieve
EKVMHQM\SJXS VIRI[EFPIWF]10. When it
comes to achieving this target, cities reporting throughthe CDP-ICLEI Unified Reporting System are alreadySYXTIVJSVQMRKXLIKPSFEPEZIVEKI SJXLIMVIRIVK]
mix comes from renewable sources11 versus a global
EZIVEKISJ 12. This positive trend must continue as weapproach 2030. With the cost of renewable energy now
undercutting fossil fuel sources13, this is an area where
cities can excel regardless of their financial situation.

83% of cities are not implementing actions to reduce
emissions in all four areas of highest impact

50% 406of cities are optimising energy use in buildings

42% 339of cities are enabling next-generation mobility

34% 278of cities are decarbonizing the electricity grid

33% 271of cities are improving waste management

8 The comparison to total homes powered is based on data from the EPA calculator.
9 7GMIRGI&EWIH'PMQEXI8EVKIXW%+YMHIJSV'MXMIW7&82
10 Focused Acceleration: A Strategic Approach to Climate Action in Cities to 2030, McKinsey and C40, 2017.
 2SXIXLEXXLMWWXEXMWXMGMRGPYHIWGMXMIWMR0EXMR%QIVMGE[LIVIL]HVSTS[IVGSRXVMFYXIWWMKRMƤGERXP]XSXLIIRIVK]QM\;MXLSYXXLIWI0EXMR%QIVMGERGMXMIW SJVITSVXMRKGMXMIW IRIVK]QM\is made up of renewable energy, which is still higher than the global average.
12 Ibid., IEA, 2018.
13 Renewable Power Generation Costs in 2019, IRENA, 2019.
14 Ibid., McKinsey and C40, 2017.

9KEEPING POPULATIONS SAFE
Faced with increasing extreme weather events, thenumber of cities developing climate risk and vulnerability
assessments has increased from 40 in 2011 to 478 in
2020, and the number of cities developing adaptationplans to manage climate risks has risen from 30 in 2011
to 459 in 2020.

 SJGMXMIWVITSVXXLEXXLI]EVIJEGMRKGPMQEXILE^EVHW
like extreme heat, flooding and rainstorms, putting their
TISTPIERHMRJVEWXVYGXYVIEXVMWO%PQSWX SJXLI
world’s population will live in urban areas by 205015,
meaning that to sustain future economic growth andremain safe and secure places for people to live andwork, every city must deliver urgent climate action.

More than two-thirds (571) of reporting cities cite climate
risks of the highest severity. These include rainstorms LIEX[EZIW  ERHHVSYKLXW  EPPSJ
which are uprooting lives and livelihoods.

Top five actions cities are taking to increase resilience
Tree planting and/or
creating green space161

Flood mapping

143

Community engagement/education

122

Developing crisis management plansincluding warning and evacuation systems

110

Developing hazard resistant infrastructure
design and construction
0

20

40

60

80

100

18%

15%

14%

# of cities reporting
the action

10%

85

20%

120

140

160

180

Addressing barriers to adaptation
Despite the progress cities have made to build resiliencethrough risk assessments and adaptation planning,much more must be done to protect all populations fromthe worst impacts of climate change. It is city dwellers
across the globe who find themselves on the frontlinesof climate change, with some of the most vulnerable
KVSYTW[SVWXEJJIGXIH*SV SJGMXMIWGPMQEXIGLERKI
is increasing risks to already vulnerable populations.
In total, 43% (353) of cities, representing a projected
population of over 400 million people by 2030, do not
yet have adaptation plans that tackle climate risks.
Joining the dots between climate change and threats towater security, public health and social equality is crucial
to effectively address these issues and ensure cities
remain resilient, prosperous, and healthy places
for generations to come.
If cities are to make progress on building resilience
to climate risks, these barriers must be addressed.
To succeed, this requires dialogue with funders,companies, national governments and communities.
15

10

UN, 2018.

Top three adaptation barriers faced by cities

25% 205
report budgetary capacity issues

18% 150
cite housing issues

17% 134
report poverty challenges

200

Health and climate change
20% of cities (166) report that they are facing a risk of infectious diseases16 due to climate change.
26% of these cities (43) say that they were not significantly impacted by this risk before 2020.
Although there is no evidence of a direct connection between climate change and the emergence ortransmission of COVID-19, we know that increased pressure on the natural environment may drive theemergence of such diseases in the future17. In addition, climate change may put added pressure on healthcare
systems, impacting our ability to respond to such outbreaks, and to protect vital infrastructure and human lives.
The pandemic has demonstrated the need to build resilience in our cities to endure future shocks and reduce
harmful impacts on society. Responding to this need, we are seeing a growing number of cities thinking about
the intersection between climate change and infectious diseases.

Snapshot of city risks

93%

of cities

are facing significant
climate risks

60%

of cities

cite substantive risk totheir water security

43%

of cities

do not yet have an
adaptation plan

The top two services
under threat fromclimate change are watersupply and sanitation,and public health25%

of cities

report budgetary capacity
issues as a barrier to adaptation

74%

of cities

say climate change isincreasing risks to alreadyvulnerable populations

16 Air, vector or water borne.
17 WHO, 2020.

11

OPPORTUNITIES ON THE ROUTE TO 2030
Over the past ten years, cities reporting to CDP haveshown how ambitious their environmental action
can be. Even when faced with complex multinational

crises such as COVID-19, widening social inequality andthe impacts of the climate crisis, cities have still madeprogress to cut emissions and build resilience.

Essential actions cities must takeSet science-based climate
targets, which includes aninterim target18

Create and implementa climate action plan tosupport your target

Undertake a climate risk andvulnerability assessment to
identify climate risks andcreate an adaptation plan to
manage them

Build climate change into
city master planning

Focus on the high impact
emissions reduction actions
for your city, and decarbonize
energy grids, building renewablecapacity to 50-70% by 203019

Consider the co-benefits ofclimate action (e.g. publichealth and social equality)

Tokyo, Japan12

18 -FMH7&82
19 Ibid., McKinsey and C40, 2017.

Investment opportunities
CDP data shows that taking these actions is helping
cities identify opportunities and address climatechange more effectively, including:^Cities that incorporate sustainability into masterplanning identify more than twice (2.4x) as many
opportunities from addressing climate change as
cities that do not.

^Cities with climate action plans identify twice as

many opportunities from addressing climate change
as cities that do not. These opportunities include
business innovation and additional funding. These
cities are also taking five times as many actions to
reduce emissions as other cities.
^^

As previous CDP research shows, cities withvulnerability assessments are more than twice (2.7x)
as likely to report long-term hazards, and are taking
almost 6 times (5.7x) the amount of adaption actions
compared to those cities that have not conductedvulnerability assessments21.
As previous CDP research shows, cities citing theco-benefits of their climate action reported 2.5 times
more climate actions than cities that did not.

In 2020, 422 cities reported 1,142 climate projects
which require financing. Collectively these projects
cost USD 72 billion.
&][SVOMRK[MXLEGXSVWJVSQEGVSWWXLIIGSRSQ]
cities can tap into investments that can enable them torealize their climate projects. At present, the top areas[LIVIXLI]EVIWIIOMRKJMRERGIEVIXVERWTSVX  SJTVSNIGXW VIRI[EFPIIRIVK]  IRIVK]IJJMGMIRG]
VIXVSJMXW  [EXIVQEREKIQIRX  ERH[EWXIQEREKIQIRX  8LIGSWXWSJ[EXIVQEREKIQIRX
projects and transport projects were USD 22.6 billion and
USD 18.6 billion, respectively.
CDP data shows that cities are already working with the
TVMZEXIWIGXSVXSFYMPHGETEGMX] SJGMXMIWEVIEPVIEH]
working with businesses on sustainability projects orplan to do so in the next two years.
As the world seeks to recover from COVID-19, recovery
funds and stimulus packages need to focus on a green
and just recovery. There is an opportunity here for cities toaccess funding and to implement climate projects focusedon increasing resilience, protecting the most vulnerable
and building an equitable and fair society. If COVID-19
recovery is not sustainable and equitable, we risk locking
cities into infrastructure that is not aligned with the UN
Sustainable Development Goals and a 1.5°C future.

Cities are building a green economy
Cities’ top collaboration areas
with businesses

76%

617

of cities arecollaborating withbusinesses onsustainability projects,
or are intending to do
so in the next two years

Project
implementation

Financialmechanism(grants, etc.)

20 Cities at Risk, CDP, 2019.
21 8LI'S&IRIƤXWSJ'PMQEXI%GXMSR%GGIPIVEXMRK'MX]0IZIP%QFMXMSR'(4

Knowledge ordata sharing

61 cities

114 cities

Policy andregulation
consultation

58 cities

62 cities

Building
capacity

53 cities

13

CITY CLIMATE ACTION IS GLOBAL AND DIVERSE
Since 2011, cities across the globe have accelerated their action in response to the climate crisis.
There has been a 17-fold increase in cities disclosing their climate data — from 48 in 2011 to 812 in 2020.

100
citiesin Asia169
citiesin Europe

195 cities

in North America

21cities

293 cities

in Oceania

in Latin America

In 2020, despite
the upheaval of
COVID-19, 812
cities representing
810 million people
disclosed theirclimate andenvironmental
data through the'(4-'0)-9RMƤIH
Reporting System.

14

34

citiesin Africa

812

cities810

millionpeople84

countries
15

TEN YEARS OF CITY ACTION:
THE GLOBAL PICTURE
More cities are measuring their emissions

To get to 1.5°C, cities are setting
city-wide emission reduction targets

In the last ten years, we haveseen 514 more cities reportinga city-wide emissions inventory.

In the last decade the number of city-wide targets
being set by cities has increased by 23-fold. However,to effectively monitor progress towards a 1.5°C
pathway, cities must set a science-based climate
target, which includes an interim target.

544

Science-based targets22 are measurable andactionable, enabling cities to align their actions with theParis Agreement and the latest scientific advice fromthe IPCC23&]WIXXMRKEWGMIRGIFEWIHXEVKIXGMXMIWGER
be confident that their emissions reduction efforts arealigned with a 1.5°C pathway and that they are making
a fair contribution to tackling climate change.

30

More information on setting a science-based target
can be found in the 7GMIRGI&EWIH8EVKIXW2IX[SVOŭW

2011

2020

Cities with city-wide
emissions reduction
targets

641 million
metric tonnes COǖ

2.6 billion
metric tonnes COǖ

16

339

2011

2020

Cities with city-wide
emissions inventories
Cities are also starting to develop consumption-based
inventories to track emissions from the production of
goods and services made and consumed within theirboundaries. With the climate crisis becoming evenmore urgent, we expect more cities to start measuringand managing these emissions on the road to 2030.

45%
of cities reported a city-wide
emissions reduction target in 2020

7.5% 61of cities reported a
consumption-based
emissions inventory in 2020

18%
6%

22 -FMH7&82
23 Special Report on Global Warming of 1.5°C, IPCC, 2018.

16

In 2020, 148 cities reported anemissions reduction target that isaligned with a 1.5°C pathway.
Only 52 of these cities have set aninterim target for their 1.5°C pathway.

Effective climate action requires a plan
Cities are putting in place the plans and actions
required to achieve their climate targets.

49%

210

399

2016

2020

of cities disclosing in 2020
have a climate action plan

Number of cities with a climate action plan

Goals and targets cities are incorporating into their master plans

87%

Emissions
reduction
targets

408 cities

Waste
managementtargets

232 cities

Adaptation
targets

276 cities

Energy efficiency
targets

225 cities

Renewableenergy targets

244 cities

Water security
targets

170 cities710

of cities haveincorporated
sustainability into
their master plan orare intending to do soin the next two years

Chengdu, China
17Current
actions
Urgent action needed to cut emissions

63.4 million
Estimated annual emissions
reductions (metric tonnes COǖe)69 million

551

Annual energy savings (MWh)26.7 million

30

Estimated annual emissions
reductions (metric tonnes COǖ)24

9 million
Futureactions
2011

2020# of cities taking emissions reduction actions

Cities identified co-benefits they expected to result
from the mitigation actions they reported. Climate
action co-benefits are beneficial outcomes that are
not directly related to climate change mitigation or
adaptation as a result from climate actions.

Top five co-benefits of emissions reduction
actions identified by cities

Top actions reported

18

Annual energy savings (MWh)Improved
resource efficiency

244 cities

Shift to moresustainable behaviors

215 cities

162 cities
245 actions

Improved public health174 cities

LED/ CFL/ otherluminaire technologies

156 cities
172 actions

Enhanced resilience

169 cities

Improve fuel economy& reduce COƴ frommotorized vehicles

146 cities
200 actions

Improved resource
quality

164 cities

Energy efficiency/
retrofit measures

276 cities
526 actions

Low/zero carbon energy
supply generation

173 cities
252 actions

On-site renewableenergy generation

24 The estimated annual emissions reductions and energy savings for future actions are basedon all actions cities reported that are in their planning stages and are not currently being
MQTPIQIRXIH8LIXSXEPƤKYVIWJSVJYXYVIEGXMSRWEVIGSRWMHIVEFP]PS[IVXLERXLIXSXEPƤKYVIWfor current actions because most cities report actions that are currently under implementation.

Transition to renewable energy
Cities are setting and delivering renewable energy
targets, signalling to individuals and businesses thatthey are ready to seize the opportunities offered by
the low-carbon transition.

23%

Based on actions cities are reporting, below is what
we expect their renewable energy potential to be

Current
projects

188

Annual Renewable Energy (RE)production (MWh)of cities have a renewableenergy target

9%of cities report a target
to have at least 70% of
their energy come fromrenewable sources.

692 million
16 million

Futureprojects

Annual RE production (MWh)25

10% 79of cities have an electricity mix
that is already powered by atleast 70% renewable energy

9%70

of cities have an energy
efficiency target

Renewableenergy makes up

42%

26

of disclosing
cities’ energy
mix
compared to a
global averageof just26%

27

 8LIERRYEPVIRI[EFPIIRIVK]TVSHYGXMSRJSVJYXYVIEGXMSRWMWFEWIHSREPPEGXMSRWGMXMIWVITSVXIHXLEXEVIMRXLIMVTPERRMRKWXEKIWERHEVIRSXGYVVIRXP]FIMRKMQTPIQIRXIH8LIXSXEPƤKYVIJSVJYXYVIEGXMSRWMWGSRWMHIVEFP]PS[IVXLERXLIXSXEPƤKYVIJSVGYVVIRXEGXMSRWFIGEYWIQSWXGMXMIWVITSVXEGXMSRWXLEXEVIGYVVIRXP]YRHIVMQTPIQIRXEXMSR 2SXIXLEXXLMWWXEXMWXMGMRGPYHIWGMXMIWMR0EXMR%QIVMGE[LIVIL]HVSTS[IVGSRXVMFYXIWWMKRMƤGERXP]XSXLIIRIVK]QM\;MXLSYXXLIWI0EXMR%QIVMGERGMXMIW SJVITSVXMRKGMXMIW IRIVK]QM\MW
made up of renewable energy, which is still higher than the global average.
27 Ibid., IEA, 2018.

19

Understanding the scale of climate risks
From rain storms to extreme hot days, cities and their
populations are facing climate-related hazards that arebecoming ever more frequent and severe.

478

40

For 74% of cities,
climate change isincreasing risks toalready vulnerable
populations

2011

2020

Cities reporting a climate risk andvulnerability assessment

93%

of cities are facing
significant climate
hazards

59%

of cities report a climate
risk and vulnerability
assessment

38

752

2011

2020

Cities reporting climate hazards

Most severe climate hazards cities are reporting
Rainstorms

92

Heat waves

76
99

Drought

45

79Flash/surface floods

47

75

Extreme hot days

40
89

31
39

19

27

24

1

39

2

2

3
0

# of cities reporting climate-related hazards, broken down by the timescale in which
the city expects to experience a change in frequency and intensity of the hazard

Immediate

20

Short-term(2022-2025)

Medium-term(2026-2050)

Long-term(after 2050)

60% 48846%

of cities are facing substantive risks totheir water securityof cities incorporate water in their climate
risk and vulnerability assessments

376

The impact on people living in cities
Climate change will not only have an impact on theplanet but also people. We’re already seeing how theclimate crisis is upheaving lives and livelihoods, from
Hurricane Sandy in 2012 to Cyclone Amphan in 2020.

Our data shows that cities are aware of the impacts ofthe climate crisis on people and the infrastructure they
depend on.

The risks people living in cities are facing
Increased risk to alreadyvulnerable populations

320

Increased demandfor public services

286

Increased demand for
healthcare services

239

Increased incidence andprevalence of disease & illness
157

Population displacement

154

Loss of traditional jobs

66

57

56

55 40

Increased conflict
and/or crime

63

45 34
45 30

143

57

Migration fromrural areas to cities

56

154

242

233

192

27

221

197

26

193

219

Fluctuating
socio-economic conditions

250

284

247

Increased resource demand

Loss of tax base tosupport public services

311

137

37

35

16

109 18
115

25

12

4
5
10

# of cities reporting social impacts of climate hazards, broken down by the timescale in which the city
expects to experience a change in frequency and intensity of the hazard

Immediately

Short-term(by 2025)

Medium-term(by 2026-2050)

Long-term(after 2050)*Please note that cities may be counted multiple times based on timescale of climate hazard

Nairobi, Kenya
21

Cities’ services and assets most affected by climate change
Water supply
and sanitation

295

Public health

277

278

Environment,
biodiversity, forestry

262

255

Residential

265

271

262

Transport

226

218

Emergency services

223

213

Food and agriculture

197

Energy193

151

Land use planning

114

117

Society/communityand culture

120

105

Waste management

101

Tourism

99

Industrial

94

102

87

75

77

66

62

55

10

Education

67

67

33

6

37

124

113

Informational andcommunication
technology

Law and order

184

67

12

84

13

159

24

179

27

154

128

216

30

228

30

205

185

215

227

Commercial

234

43

38

31

19

24

19

19

11

34 22 4# of cities reporting services affected by climate hazards, broken down by the timescalein which the city expects to experience a change in frequency and intensity of the hazard
Immediately

Short-term(by 2025)

Medium-term(by 2026-2050)*Please note that cities may be counted multiple times based on timescale of climate hazard

22Long-term(after 2050)

Populations vulnerable to climate change identified by cities
Elderly302

Low-income households

286

Persons living in
sub-standard housing

276
264

256

Children and youth

207

176

Persons with disabilities

196

154

179
116

Unemployed persons
Indigenous populations

101

72

58

156
95

78

76

63

46

12

214

207

Persons withchronic diseases

Women and girls

233

237

225

Marginalized groups

232

171

145
144

26

142

21

31

33

34

22

23

11

11

# of cities reporting vulnerable populations affected by climate hazards, broken down by the timescalein which the city expects to experience a change in frequency and intensity of the hazard

Immediately

Short-term(by 2025)

Medium-term(by 2026-2050)

Long-term(after 2050)*Please note that cities may be counted multiple times based on timescale of climate hazard

Manchester, UK
23

To keep populations safe, cities are building climate resilenceCities are developing plans to adapt to climate
hazards and build resilience against them.
.

459

57%

659

of cities have an
adaptation plan

29

30

81%
of cities are taking
adaptation actions

2011

2020

cities reported anadaptation plan.

2011

2020

cities reported that they were taking
114
3,417
adaptation
adaptation
actions
actions

Top five adaptation actions cities implementing

161

122

Tree planting
and/or creationof green space

Community
engagement/
education

citiescities110

citiesCrisis management
including warning andevacuation systems

143

citiesFlood mapping

85

cities

Hazard resistantinfrastructure designand construction

Adaptation actions cities are planning to implement

62

cities36

Incorporating climate change
into long-term planningdocuments

cities

Projects and policies
targeted at thosemost vulnerable

Top five co-benefits for adaptation actions identified by cities

452
Enhancedresilience24

cities435

citiesDisaster risk
reduction

401

citiesDisaster
preparedness309

citiesEcosystem
preservation
and biodiversity
improvement305

cities

Improved publichealthAFRICALa Marsa

59%

44%

of African cities reported acity-wide emissions inventoryof African cities reported a
total of 54 mitigation actions

18%of African cities reported a city-wide
emissions reduction target

Top mitigation actions reported by cities

35%of African cities reported a
climate action plan

^Energy efficiency/retrofit measures

65% adaptation plan

Grand Casablancaof African cities reported an^Improve bus infrastructure, services andoperations

Dakar

Tsévié

^Building codes and standards

Dakar, Senegal^Landfill management

Turning an invasive plant species
into a nature-based solution

IbadanAbuja

Freetown City

^Carbon emissions reduction from industry

MarouaAddis Ababa^Green space and/or biodiversity preservationand expansion

Lagos
Accra
Yaoundé 4

KampalaKisumuNakuruNairobi

CocodyAbidjan

28

Bujumbura
Kinshasa

African cities are taking
85 adaptation actions

Dar es Salaam

Top adaptation actions reported by cities

Lusaka City Council

Antananarivo
Tshwane^Tree planting or the creation of green space

Sekhukhune
Steve Tshwete

Walvis Bay

Ekurhuleni
Johannesburg
KwaDukuza
eThekwini
Cape Town^Flood mapping^Incorporating climate change into long-termplanning documents

To cut emissions, Dakar, capital city of Senegal, isfocusing its attention on its buildings, and is using
the invasive plant typha domingensis, in a new
innovation. To improve its heritage buildings’ energy
efficiency and provide better thermal comfort to its
people, Dakar is harnessing this plant as a naturalform of insulation. In line with Senegal Energy
Efficiency Program, which aims to improve energy
efficiency and reduce Greenhouse gas emissions(GHG) emissions in the building sector, Dakar hasembarked on a pilot to showcase and trial this bioclimatic technology at the Hospital of Geriatrics andGerontology of Ouakam to make it a place of ideal
and safe thermal comfort for the elderly patients.
This climate action is part of the city’s nature-based
solution for reducing the energy consumption ofits buildings and related costs whilst also cutting
emissions. Cities across the globe are working withnature to build safe, secure and zero emissions
space for their populations, and Dakar demonstrates
just how closely the two can work in sync.

^Projects and policies targeted at those mostvulnerable

Pietermaritzburg

Buffalo^Crisis management including warning andevacuation systems^Flood defences

representing

across34
25

cities19

countries

109

million people
26

ASIA

v

64%

100
19
346

of Asian cities reported a totalof 458 mitigation actions

citiesTop mitigation actions reported by cities

71%

of Asian cities reported a city-wide
emissions inventory

44%

of Asian cities reported a city-wide
emissions reduction target

48%

of Asian cities reported
a climate action plan60%of Asian cities reported anadaptation planacross^Energy efficiency/retrofit measurescountries^On-site renewable energy generation

representing

million people^Improve fuel economy and reduce COǖ frommotorized vehicles

Penampang, Malaysia^LED/ CFL/ other luminaire technologies

Working to cut more than their fairshare of emissions^Low or zero carbon energy supply generation^Recycling or composting collections and/or
facilities
Ulaanbaatar

NagoyaToyamaDalianQingdaoGangtok

Ramallah
Abasan Al-Kabira

AmdavadAmman

Udaipur
RajkotTel Aviv-Yafo

1

27

Chennai

Top adaptation actions reported by cities

KinmenQuezon City
Tuguegarao
San Jose del Monte
Ormoc
Cagayan de Oro

Ho Chi Minh City
Penampang

Davao
Batangas
Puerto Princesa

Del Carmen
Tagum^ Crisis management including warning andevacuation systems^ Tree planting or the creation of green space^ Flood defences^ Flood mapping^ Projects and policies targeted at thosemost vulnerable

3
Tawau
Tarakan

Ansan
Changwon
Dangjin
Dobong-gu
Gangdong-gu
Gwangmyeong
Hwaseong
Michuhol-gu
Seoul
Suwon
Yeosu

Kitakyushu

4

Jambi

5

Asian cities are taking
346 adaptation actions

Fuzhou

Hanoi
Pakse

Singapore
Tanjungpinang

Tokyo

Kyoto

HangzhouBangkok2

3

Kaohsiung
Hsinchu
New Taipei
Pingtung
Taichung
TainanTaipeiTaoyuan

Kolkata
Rajshashi
Kaysone Phomvihane

NagpurZhenjiang
Nanjing

Narayanganj
Guangzhou
Dhaka

KarachiTiruchirappalli

Hang Tuah Jaya
IskandarKuala Lumpur
Muar
Seberang Perai
Shah Alam

4

Delhi

Hong Kong
Shenzhen

1

2

Bogor
Bogor Regency
JakartaTangerang Selatan

Dubai

ChengduYokohama

5

Wuhan

Dehradun

Thane
Panaji

Coimbatore
Bengalaru
Kochi
Vadodara

SiliguriSingra75

Saitama

In line with the Kerajaan Persekutuan (National
Government) of Malaysia’s NDC, Penampang,home to over 145,000 people, is working to cut
the intensity of its emissions by 45% by 2030.
The city has also set its sights on meeting thenext, and decisive deadline for the planet and its
people — net zero emissions by 2050. To deliver,
Penampang is planning to invest in waste-to-energy(WtE) technologies, converting sludge, cooking
oil and biogas into energy for its population andbusinesses. This is an innovative move towards
the city becoming “a modern, sustainable andcompetitive economic hub”, and a bold one too— 45% of Malaysia’s energy mix is made up ofcoal, and a further 37% natural gas. What’s more,
Penampang is the first city in Southeast Asia toreport net zero ambition, taking accountability formore than their fair share of emissions.

^ Community engagement

Balikpapan
Banyuwangi
Semarang

28

EUROPE
1

3

6

9Ærøskøbing
Copenhagen
EgedalFredensborg
Gladsaxe
Helsingør
Hoeje-Taastrup
Hørsholm
Hvidovre
Jammerbugt
Middelfart
Odder
Roskilde
Sønderborg

Coventry
Birmingham
Leicester
NottinghamWest Midlands
Wolverhampton

Cambridge
Essex
Southend on Sea

Cardiff
Bristol
Bath andNorth East Somerset
Somerset Westand Taunton

Amsterdam
Alkmaar
Rotterdam
The HagueÁguedaAmarante
Braga
Fafe
Guimarães
Ovar
Porto
Valongo
Viseu

8

10

FerraraPadovaVenezia2

5

Bradford
Greater Manchester
Kirklees
Manchester

LondonRichmond
SloughWandsworth

Barreiro
CascaisLisbonMafra
SintraTorres Vedras

7

4

64%

of European cities reported acity-wide emissions reduction target

66%of European cities reported a
climate action plan74%of European cities reported anadaptation plan

^Low or zero carbon energy supply generation^Improve fuel economy and reduce COǖ frommotorized vehicles

Kemi^LED/ CFL/ other luminaire technologies

Trondheim^On-site renewable energy generation

Lahti

Reykjavík
Turku

BergenOsloBærumSouth Lakeland

3
5

4

BCP Council(Bournemouth, Christchurch and Poole)

NorwichRiga
Klaipeda
8EYVEKˋ
Moscow

Greifswald
Rostock

6

Tallinn
Pärnu

Lund

York

2

Västervik
:ʞ\Nʯ
1EPQʯ
Trelleborg

1

Newcastle
DurhamDerry City & Strabane

Berlin7

GdyniaEuropean cities are taking
781 adaptation actions

Warsaw

NijmegenTop adaptation actions reported by cities

Heidelberg
Mannheim

Brighton & Hove
Winchester

PlymouthParis

Nancy Métropole'LM̉MRʹY
Botosani

Dijon Métropole
ZürichBasel
Nyon
TorinoMilanoBarcelona
MadridCoruche
Évora

Loulé
Faro

Ljubljana

8

Alba-Iulia^Tree planting or the creation of green space

Bologna; Parma
RiminiNice Métropole
Vitoria-Gasteiz
Zaragoza^Flood mapping

Iasi

BolzanoMonaco9GenovaLa Spezia
Parma
Lucca
Firenze;
Prato

Chieti

Podgorica

Sofia

Istanbul

L’Aquila
Roma
Napoli
Bursa Nilüfer/EHOʯ]Balikesir)WOM̉ILMV^Incorporating climate change into long-termplanning documents
Gaziantep

Kadiovacik
AthensMurciaGibraltar

148

Brussels

Cornwall

Mirandela^Improve fuel economy and reduce COǖfrom bus and/or light rail

Tartu

*EPOʯTMRK+ʯXIFSVK

Edinburgh

Espoo
Stockholm

Sandnes

HelsinkiPorvooUppsalaÖrebroArendalLagos
Odemiraof European cities reported a
total of 917 mitigation actions^Energy efficiency/retrofit measures

Akureyri

10of European cities reported acity-wide emissions inventory

Top mitigation actions reported by cities

Umeå

Figueira da Foz
Castelo Branco

75%

72%

Denizli
MezitliMálagaSeferihisar^Crisis management including warning andevacuation systems

Adana

Barcelona, Spain
Proving that renewables can,and must work for all
Barcelona is just one European city working to be
powered by 100% renewable energy. In 2018, theCatalan capital took the responsibility of powering
its streets, homes and offices into its own hands.
To become self-sufficient, and provide energy thatis “clean, affordable, and democratic for all” thecity established Barcelona Energia (BE) the publiccompany purchasing renewable energy direct fromsource. First, BE powered Barcelona City Council’sbuildings and facilities, and, in 2019 it started providing
its services to populations. Finally, in 2020 it began
servicing the city’s businesses too. Fast forward to2021, and the public company is providing clean andaccessible energy to 3,500 homes and businesses
across the city, and this is only set to increase to newheights: in 2020 alone, BE saw a huge 99% in growth.
Beyond emissions cuts, the benefit to populations
is clear — customers save at least 85€ annuallyby shifting to Barcelona Energia, and can have agreater stake in crucial decision making processes
by joining BE’s User Council. In this way, the capitaland its energy company are fully transparent withpopulations, enabling them to play an active part indriving the transition to 100% renewable energy.

^Community engagement

Funchalrepresenting

across169

cities28

countries

109

million people

28 Please note that the data on this page represents the geographical area of Europe. For data representing only the 27 EU member states & EFTA countries, please see here.

29

30

LATIN AMERICA
8
Ayto. = Ayuntamiento
Munic. = Municipalidad
Mpio. = Municipio
PSMP = Prefeitura

1
Aipromades Lago de Chapala
Ayto. de Apodaca
Ayto. de Casimiro Castillo
1
Ayto. de Celaya
Ayto. de Chihuahua
Ayto. de Hermosillo
Ayto. de Morelia
Ayto. de San Miguel de AllendeAyto. de Tonalá
Ayto. de Uriangato
2
Ayto. de Victoria (Tamaulipas)
Ayto. de Xalapa
Ayto. de Zapopan
Ayto. Victoria
Ciudad de Juárez
Ciudad Madero
Gobierno Municipal de León de los Aldamas
4
Gobierno Municipal de Toluca de Lerdo
JIRA
Mpio. de Bucaramanga
JINOR
Mpio. de Cajamarca
JIAS
Mpio. de San Pedro de UrabáJICOSUR
San Sebastián de Mariquita
JISOC
Santiago de Cali
JIDELAA
JIMAV
5
JIRCO
Lince
JIMAL
Metropolitan Muni.of Lima
Mexico City
Munic. de Comas
Munic. de Tampico
Munic. de Magdalena del Mar
Munic. of Irapuato
Munic. de Miraflores
Munic. of San Pedro Tlaquepaque
Munic. de Provincial de Arequipa
Mpio. de Querétaro
Munic. de San Borja
Mpio. de Torreón
Munic. de San Isidro (Lima)
Region Metropolitana de Guadalajara
Munic. de Santiago de Surco
UruapanMunic. Distrital de Ate
XIV Ayuntamiento de La Paz
Munic. Distrital de Chimbote
Munic. Distrital de Jesús María
2
Munic. Distrital de La Molina
Guatemala City
Munic. Provincial de Callao
Mpio. de Escuintla
Munic. Provincial de Chiclayo
Mpio. de Guanagazapa
Puente Piedra
Mpio. de Iztapa
San Pedro Yepocapa
63
Alajuela
Concejo Munic.de Distrito de Monte Verde
Montes de Oca
Munic. de Belén
Munic. de Cañas
Munic. de Desamparados
Munic. de La Unión
Munic. de Quepos
Munic. de San José
OreamunoParaísoSan Rafael de Heredia
Santa Ana
Santa Bárbara
Zarceroo4
Alcaldia de Barrancabermeja
Alcaldia de Cartago
Alcaldia de Floridablanca
Alcaldía de Ibagué
Alcaldia de Madrid
Alcaldia de Manizales
Alcaldia de Mosquera
Alcaldia de Pasto
Alcaldia de Pereira
Alcaldia de Rionegro
Alcaldía de Sincelejo
Alcaldía de Tunja
Alcaldía de Villavicencio
Alcaldía Distrital de Barranquilla
Alcaldía Distrital de Santa Marta
Alcaldía Municipal de Armenia
Beteitiva
Bogotá Distrito Capital
Busbanza
CorralesFlorestaGámezaItagüí
MonguaMongui
Munic.of Medellín
Munic. de Tópaga

Alcaldia de Valdivia
Munic. de Valparaíso
Munic. Cerro Navia
Munic. de Concepción
Munic. de Independencia
Munic. de La Serena
Munic. de Peñalolén
Munic. de Providencia
Munic. de Santiago
Munic. de Talca
Munic. de Temuco
Munic. de Vitacura
Región Metropolitana de Santiago
San Pedro de la Paz

Puerto Cortés
Esquías
Alcaldía de Tegucigalpa

31

14

56%

54%

of Latin American cities reported
a city-wide emissions inventoryof Latin American cities
reported a total of 1,192
mitigation actions

9%of Latin American cities reported
a city-wide emissions reduction
targetTop mitigation actions reported by cities

27%

of Latin American cities reported
a climate action plan

^Recyclables and organics separation fromother waste

39%

of Latin American cities reported
an adaptation plan

^Energy efficiency/retrofit measures

Mpio La Chorrera
OcúCity of Georgetown

4

Distrito Metropolitano de Quito
Alcaldía de Cuenca
Mpio. de Loja

^LED/ CFL/ other luminaire technologies

Lima, Peru

^Recycling or composting collections and/or
facilities

COVID-19 recovery in safe and zero emissions
transport for populations^On-site renewable energy generation^Green space and/or biodiversity preservationand expansion

5

8
Munic. de La Paz

212

Tarija7

Leandro N. Alem
Lincoln
Maggiolo
Malabrigo
Malargue
Mariá GrandeMonte Buey
Munic. de Avellaneda
Munic. de la Ciudad de Neuquén
Munic. de Montecarlo
Munic. de Rio Grande
Munic. de Vicente López
7
Munic. Venado Tuerto
Munic. of Bragado
Almafuerte
Munic. of Coronel Dominguez
Arequito
Munic. of Corrientes
Armstrong
Munic. of Guaymallén
Arteaga
Munic. of Lobos
Balcarce
Munic. of Rauch
Camilo Aldao
Munic. of Resistencia
Carcarana
Munic. of San Antonio de Areco
Carlos Tejedor
Oberá
Caseros
Oliva
Ceres
Plottier
CerritoPresidencia Roque Sáenz Peña
Chacabuco
Pronunciamiento
Chañaritos
Puerto Madryn
City of Buenos Aires
Quemú Quemú
Ciudad de Mendoza
RamonaConcepción del Uruguay
San Carlos Sud
CorreaSan Justo
CrespoSan Martin de Los Andes
General Lagos
San Miguel
General Pueyrredon
Santa Anita
Gobernador Maciá
Gobierno Municipal de la Ciudad de Paraná Transito
UrangaGodoy Cruz
Villa Amelia
Gualeguaychú
Villa Carlos Paz
GuaminíVilla de Merlo
Junín
Villa de Soto
Justiniano Posse
Villa Gobernador Gálvez
La Francia
Villarino
La PazcitiesPSMP de Cordeirópolis
PSMP de Cruzeiro do Sul
PSMP de Cuiabá
PSMP de Dois Irmãos
PSMP de Duque de Caxias
PSMP de Extrema
PSMP de Fernandópolis
PSMP de Florianópolis
PSMP de Goiás (Goiás Velho)
PSMP de Guanhães
PSMP de Guarujá
PSMP de Guarulhos
PSMP de Itatiba
PSMP de Jaguariúna
PSMP de Jundiaí
PSMP de Limeira
PSMP de Londrina
PSMP de Lorena
PSMP de Maceió
PSMP de Monteiro Lobato
PSMP de Morungaba
PSMP de Niterói
PSMP de Nova Friburgo

3

8

6
7
Intendencia de Montevideo

PSMP de Nova Santa Rita
PSMP de Osasco
PSMP de Palmas
PSMP de Pau Brasil
PSMP de Pedreira
PSMP de Pilões
PSMP de Porto Velho
PSMP de Presidente Prudente
PSMP de Quissamã
PSMP de Rio Branco
PSMP de Santa Bárbara
PSMP de São Bento do Una
PSMP de São Cristóvão
PSMP de São Leopoldo
PSMP de São Luís
PSMP de São Paulo
PSMP de Serra Talhada
PSMP de Sorocaba
PSMP de Tangará da Serra
PSMP de Tatuí
PSMP de Tremembé
PSMP de TupãPSMP de Vinhedo
PSMP de Vitória
PSMP do Município de Maringá
PSMP do Rio de Janeiro
PSMP Municipal de Araçatuba
PSMP Municipal de Cabreúva
PSMP Municipal de Caieiras
PSMP Municipal de Canoas
PSMP Municipal de Capivari
PSMP Municipal de Cerquilho
PSMP Municipal de Contagem
PSMP Municipal de João Pessoa
PSMP Municipal de São José dos Campos
PSMP Municipal de Sertãozinho
PSMP Municipal de Sumaré

Latin American cities aretaking 998 adaptation actions
Top adaptation actions reported by cities^Tree planting or the creation of green space

From March 2020, Peru went into a state ofnational emergency in a bid to tackle the thennovel coronavirus. Over a year since COVID-19
first upheaved the world, the city is looking at how
it can protect its people, enabling them to travelin a safe, zero emissions way. Lima is doing thisby strengthening its cycling infrastructure andmotivating its population to take up this new, safeand zero emissions option — currently, only 1.1% of
people in the capital cycle. The city is working hardto deliver more than 400km of cycle lanes, andthere are plans to build a total of 1,000km by 2035
to connect the 43 districts in the metropolitan area.
In this way, Lima is demonstrating how cities in theregion are working fast to protect their populationand tackle the climate emergency.

^Flood mapping^Community engagement^Hazard resistant infrastructure design andconstruction^Crisis management including warning andevacuation systems

representing

across293

PSMP de Águas da Prata
PSMP de Alexânia
PSMP de Anapolis
PSMP de Angra dos Reis
PSMP de Aracaju
PSMP de Bertioga
PSMP de Betim
PSMP de Boa Ventura
PSMP de Botucatu
PSMP de Brasiléia
PSMP de Brumadinho
PSMP de Brusque
PSMP de Cáceres
PSMP de Campina Grande
PSMP de Campo Grande
PSMP de Campos de Goytacazes
PSMP de Carnaúba dos Dantas
PSMP de Caruaru
PSMP de Conde (Paraíba)

Boa Vista
City of GoiâniaCity of Salvador
Munic. of Belo Horizonte
Munic. of Campinas
Munic. of Curitiba
Munic. of Fortaleza
Munic. of Porto Alegre
Munic. of Recife
Mpio. de Aparecida
Munic. de Itacoatiara
Petrolina
PSMP da Cidade de São José do Rio Preto

countries

145

million people
32

NORTH AMERICA

81%

82%

of North American cities
reported a city-wide emissions
inventory73%

of North American cities
reported a city-wide emissions
reduction target

Top mitigation actions reported by cities

69%

of North American cities
reported a climate action plan

^Energy efficiency/retrofit measures

63%

of North American cities reported
an adaptation planof North American cities
reported a total of 1,188
mitigation actions^Building codes and standards^On-site renewable energy generation

Anchorage^Low or zero carbon energy supply generation^Improvement of fuel economy and reduction ofCOǖ from motorized vehicles
Prince George

21

Edmonton

1

Vancouver
North Vancouver

Greater Sudbury
HamiltonKingston
Kitchener
LondonMississaugaMontreal
OttawaPeterboroughSt Catharines
Thunder Bay
Toronto
WhitbyWindsor

2
SeattleSpokaneTacoma3
Ashland
Beaverton
Bend
EugeneMilwaukie
Portland

4
AlamedaBerkeley
Culver City
DublinEmeryville
Encinitas
Fremont
HaywardLong Beach
Los Angeles
Manhattan Beach
Miramar
Oakland
Palo Alto
Piedmont

Saskatoon
Calgary
SurreyVictoria

Winnipeg

2
3

Honolulu

95
44Sacramento
San Diego
San Francisco
San José
San Leandro
San Luis Obispo
Santa Cruz
Santa Monica
West Hollywood

5
Summit County
Park City
Salt Lake City

Omaha

7

13

18

12
21

14 17
22
10
23
Las Vegas
Columbia
Henderson24
15 Louisville
Santa Fe County
25
6
Fayetteville
Albuquerque118Dane County
Eau Claire
La Crosse
Milwaukee
RacineTwin Cities Metropolitan Council

26
Natchez
Birmingham

Savannah

7AustinDallas
DentonEl PasoFort Worth
HoustonPlano
San Antonio

11

cities2

17

24

Cuyahoga County
Columbus
ClevelandCincinnati
ToledoArlington
CharlottesvilleRichmond

18

Asheville
Chapel HilCharlotte
DurhamGreensboro
Orange County
RaleighWilmington
Winston-Salem

19
14
13

Alton
AuroraChicago12
Chicago Metropolitan Mayors Caucus
Ann Arbor
Evanston
DetroitHighland Park
Grand Rapids
Lake Forest
HollandPark Forest
Mid-America Regional Council
South Barrington
St. Louis
UrbanaCarmelBloomington
Indianapolis
South Bend

AlbanyBuffalo
New York City
RochesterSaratoga Springs

15
Nashville &Davidson County
MemphisKnoxville

16
New Orleans
Gretnarepresenting

countries

23

Burlington
Guilford

Des Moines
DubuqueKansas City
Wichita

Halifax
Bridgewater

Baltimore
Providence
Greenbelt
Metropolitan Washington Council of Governments
Takoma Park

9

Flagstaff
Phoenix
Tempe
Aspen
Boulder
Boulder County
Breckenridge
DenverLakewood
Vail

York
Portland

Columbia

16

Jersey City
Maplewood TownshipPrinceton
Secaucus

Montreal

19 20

10

6

195

22

1

8

across33

Abington TownshipPhiladelphia
Pittsburgh

97

20
BostonCambridge
New Bedford
Somerville
Salem
Beverly
Lexington
Northampton
Wellfleet
Medford180
North American cities aretaking 1,112 adaptation actions
Top adaptation actions reported by cities^Flood mapping25^Community engagement^Storm water capture systems^Tree planting or the creation of green space

26
Boynton Beach
Broward County
Hallandale Beach
Hollywood
Key West
Miami
Miami Beach
OrlandoSt. Petersburg
West Palm Beach
Winter Park

^Incorporating climate change into long-termplanning

Knoxville, USA
Weatherization programs cut carbon pollution,
save money and improve public health
Knoxville is Tennessee’s third most populous city withover 186,000 people and roughly 5% of people living in
the city are unable to pay their utility bills, putting themat risk. In response, the city and community partners
have been working to weatherize many of the older,less efficient homes. Much of this work comes fromthe city’s Smarter Cities Partnership. This came to afull head in 2015 with the launch of Knoxville Utilities
Board’s (KUB) Round It Up programs and the Knoxville
Extreme Energy Makeover program, which was a
joint partnership with Tennessee Valley Authority(TVA), KUB, the Knoxville-Knox County Community
Action Committee, the Alliance to Save Energy, andthe City. Since 2015, these programs have resulted ininvestments in excess of USD 17 million to weatherize
low-to-moderate income homes. More than 1,800
households have benefitted, with families seeing a
reduction of USD 15-20 monthly in their utility bills.
The partnerships have led to additional community
resources to advance this valuable work throughnew programs like TVA’s Home UpLift program.
These city and utility partnerships help lower-income
residents and ratepayers afford to live comfortably
in their home, improve indoor air quality, and reduce
community carbon emissions. To quantify this
impact, Knoxville and partners have conductedstudies on cost savings and health benefits of the
program. And there is a clear one — each home costs
around USD 8,000 to upgrade — compared to around
USD 20,000 for a three-night hospital stay for an
asthmatic child.

million people
34

OCEANIA

67%

Oceanian cities reported a
90% ofcity-wide emissions inventoryof Oceanian cities reported a
total of 115 mitigation actions

71% city-wide emissions reduction target

Top mitigation actions reported by cities^Energy efficiency/retrofit measures^Low or zero carbon energy supply generation^Recyclables and organics separation from otherwaste^LED/ CFL/ other luminaire technologies^Improve fuel economy and reduce COǖ frommotorized vehicles

16

Tweed Shire
Byron Shire

Oceanian cities are taking
95 adaptation actions

Perth
Newcastle

Mandurah

Mount Barker

Hobsons Bay

West Torrens
Adelaide

Top adaptation actions reported by cities

SydneyAuckland

Wollongong
Canberra^Flood mapping
Rotorua

MelbournePort Phillip^Community engagement

Wyndham
Maribyrnong

Wellington^Sea level rise modelling^Heat mapping and thermal imaging

HobartDunedin

representing

across21
35

cities2

countries

4.3

million people^Storm water capture systemsof Oceanian cities reported aof Oceanian cities reported a

67% climate action planof Oceanian cities reported an

76% adaptation plan
Adelaide, Australia

Building resilience to protect populations andmammalian climate refugees
The City of Adelaide, capital of South Australia, hasbeen working to cut emissions and tackle climate
risks for many years — the most significant of which
are increased temperatures, and extreme summer
heat, combined with overall drying. So extreme arethese risks that in January 2019, a new daytime record
temperature of 46.6°C was set. As well as humans,
another species impacted is the Grey Headed Flying
Fox, a threatened native megabat native to Australia
originally from hundreds of kilometers away on theeast coast. However, urban sprawl, habitat destruction,
bushfires, and drought, exacerbated by climatechange, have contributed to their displacement.
The City considers them climate refugees that havechosen the city parklands as a new home, and today
there are around 26 thousand flying foxes in central
Adelaide since they first settled in 2010.
On hot days, bats can come into close contact
with humans by moving down trees and reaching
lower ones to access water, sometimes fallingfrom the canopy. Many young bats die in extreme
temperatures, and the population can sadly lose
thousands in a single day. What’s more, the flying
foxes can carry diseases which pose a health hazard
to people. To tackle this, Adelaide is taking actions
such as monitoring heat and humidity around the bat
camp, educating the community on public health risks,
using on-ground sprinklers for cooling, training andimmunization for bat retrieval crews, and coordinatedpatrols in extreme weather. During heatwaves, the city
establishes temporary vet stations to triage and treatbats, engaging the public via social media to ensure
they know how to manage risks and support the city’splans. The city knows it must keep its people safe as
risks to their health grow, and is working with partners
to install sprinklers in the tree canopy to keep the batscool and safe from falling, and people on the groundsafe from the risk of illness.
36

DISCLOSURE INSIGHT ACTION

Lead Author: Maia Kutner
Data Analysts: %Q]&MPPW
Arminel Lovell, Karl Arpon
The CDP Cities team
%Q]&MPPW
Chang Dengbeck
Chris Dixon O’Mara
Gayaneh Shahbazian
Hannah Yu-Pearson
Imogen JacquesKarl Arpon
Kyra Appleby
Laura Parry
Laurie Kerr
Luca Picchio
Maia Kutner
Nienke Meinsma
Rachel Carless
Sandra Swanson
Tim Hendry

Asia and Oceania

Communications, Design and Media

Hanah Paik
Eri Kakuta
Sandy Morris

Lead: Devika Jina
Helena Cicmil
Sarah Leatherbarrow
Dan Hanson
Susan Clandillon

Europe, Middle East and Africa
Arminel Lovell
Étienne Métais
Ravina Singh
Latin America%RHVIME&ERLI
Guilherme Ponce
Hannah Corina
4ESPE&IVREP
North America
Allison Hooks
Amy KaoColin Tetreault
Katie WalshWilliam Hsu

The data for this report was collected in partnership by
CDP and ICLEI – Local Governments for Sustainability.

CDP Worldwide
Level 460 Great Tower Street
London EC3R 5AD
Tel: +44 (0) 20 3818 3900
climate@cdp.net
www.cdp.net

A special thank you to the following
team members who are no longer
at CDP: Abril Carranza, Anvita Dulluri,
Carlos Soto, Catherine Higham,
Gracia Ting Mei, Sarina Hotchandani,
7LYRMRK=S[7MQIVER&EGLVE
Tallulah Cherry, and Zachary Joseph
For questions about cities
disclosure, email cities@cdp.net
For media enquiries, contact
media@cdp.net