Stanley Electric Co., Ltd. (below referred to Stanley Electric) has started mass production andshipment of high-power infrared (IR) VCSEL that complies with the automotive quality
standard AEC-Q102. This shipment has been delivered to our customer as the world's first incabin sensing device using an IR VCSEL.

IR sensors are used in a variety of applications, and their performance has improved
rapidly in recent years. In automotive field, they are installed in driver monitoring system(DMS), which is one of the ADAS-related applications, and also in occupant monitoringsystems (OMS). Currently, IR LEDs are primarily used as the light source for these sensors,and Stanley Electric is also a major supplier of these sensors. In the future, due to thesophistication of autonomous driving and ADAS technology, high-performance sensing thatcannot be achieved with conventional IR LEDs is required.
To meet these needs, Stanley Electric is the first in the industry to introduce the high-power IR VCSEL forautomobiles, which was developed by the optical control technology and LED packaging technology cultivatedover many years.

What is VCSELVCSEL is an abbreviation of Vertical Cavity Surface Emitting Laser, and is one kind ofsemiconductor laser. Conventional semiconductor lasers (edge emitting laser) emit light in ahorizontally to the substrate, whereas VCSELs emit laser light vertically to the substrate.
VCSEL is characterized by its small size, high luminous efficiency, low power consumption,and high directivity. Since VCSEL die can be arranged in two dimensions, the output as a
package can be increased, and it also features a high-speed response that enables highspeed pulse lighting (high-speed modulation) in the gigabits.

Advantages of IR VCSEL light source: Comparison with LED
The advantages of VCSELs in smart in-cabin IR sensing applications are mainly the following four points compared with IRLEDs;①Pattern of Irradiation②Response Speed③Emission Spectrum④Less impact of temperature changes on emission wavelength①Pattern of Irradiation: Light distribution control suitable for camera (Field of View) is available
The IR LEDs have a circular light distribution with a peak in the center, while VCSELs are surface-emitting lasers that canbe arranged in two dimensions, resulting in uniform irradiation. Furthermore, the light distribution can be controlled in arectangular shape by installing a diffuser, which improves the performance of occupant monitoring systems (OMS) thatmonitor the entire vehicle. The light distribution of the VCSEL in the figure below show examples of two types ofirradiation angles possible with diffusers.

②Response Speed: Achieves image resolution enhancement, wider angle and real-time data processing due tohigh-speed pulsed lighting
Since the VCSEL has a small volume, pulse lighting (on/off operation) is possible at a frequency in the gigabits, which is
not available with LEDs. Due to this, when using a VCSEL as a TOF light source for IR detection and distancemeasurement, image resolution enhancement, wider angle and real-time data processing can be achieved.

③Emission Spectrum: The narrow spectrum emission reduces the influence of ambient light and the loss due tothe band pass filter is also small
Compared to LEDs, VCSELs have a narrower wavelength spectrum. In the example below, it is in the range of a few nmwith respect to the standard value of 940 nm. Band pass filter can be narrowed, and even if it is narrowed, the output loss
can be kept low. Therefore, the influence of ambient light such as sunlight can be reduced, which enables highly accurate
detection.

④Less impact of temperature changes on emission wavelength
Compared to LEDs, the emission wavelength of VCSEL is more stable against temperature changes, and achieves this evenunder severe temperature change conditions such as in-cabin use. They also maintain this performance even when moreheat is generated at high currents.

Direction of in-cabin applications using IR light sources
Existing sensing technology with IR light sources are used for various purposes such as facial recognition systems insmartphones, distance measurement, computer mouse, laser printers etc. Also, in recent years, the performance ofadvanced driver assistance systems (ADAS) for automobiles has been improving rapidly. In addition to the drivermonitoring system (DMS) aimed at preventing traffic accidents, occupant monitoring systems (OMS) that reduce risks tooccupants is also becoming popular. Currently, IR LEDs are used for these systems, but as this technology advances,sensors with higher-performance are required, leading to changes in demand for the light sources.
For example, there are currently systems that reliably detect driver's eyes and slight changes in facial expressions, but inthe future these also should detect people in the entire vehicle. The system requires a high-power IR light source that canilluminate the entire visual range of the camera. In addition, TOF cameras and LiDAR that detect and measure distancewith light require high-speed pulse emission for higher-resolution sensing. Such wide-ranging uniform IR irradiation andhigh-speed pulse emission are often difficult to achieve with conventional IR LEDs, so VCSELs are gathering attention as atechnology to deal with them.
Stanley Electric believes IR VCSELs will be the key to evolve in the future.
Improvement on
sensing technology
by IR VCSEL■Wider-angle■Longer distancerange■3D / distancedetection■Higher accuracy
and higher image
resolution

Evolving applications
Automobiles
・Driver monitoring system / Occupantmonitoring system
・Non-contact operation (gesture, lineof sight)
・LiDAR (ADAS, autonomous driving)・Emergency vehicle notification
system, etc.

Security

Industrial device

・Personal / Faceauthentication
・Intrusion Detection /pop-out detection
・Remote monitoring,etc.

・Prevention of robot collision
・Product inspection ofmanufacturing line・Identification and sorting of
luggage shape, etc.

Characteristics of Stanley Electric's High-power IR VCSEL
Devices for automotive in-cabin applications require stable quality and high reliability, even in severe environments.
Stanley Electric has created a highly reliable and heat-dissipating VCSEL device using packaging technology developed forhigh-power LEDs for headlamps, etc. In addition, through our light distribution control technology, we can match various
application requirements, while ensuring eye safety.
Concept of High-power IR VCSEL for automotive
in-cabin applications
・Satisfies standards of automotive in-cabin applications(AEC-Q102)
・Product lineup of light distribution and output optimized
for usage conditions
・Ensuring eye safety by diffused light distribution

Adopted Technology
・Highly reliable packaging technology cultivated withhigh-output LEDs
・Thorough measures against sulfurization (withoutusing Ag)
・High heat dissipation performance, low inductance
・Light distribution control technology

Product lineup of High-power IR VCSELIn addition to the current mass production UDN1Z54 and the new product UEN1ZA9, we plan to introduce higher-power
versions, as well as an 850 nm solution. We can offer two radiation angles (FOV), depending on your requirements. They
meet the safety standard (class 1) of "IEC60825-1＆CFR Part1040.10" and are fully safe even with direct exposure. Allpackage sizes and solder pads are the same. Also, each product is available with or without a photodiode (PD) for optical
output monitoring. This lineup is planned to be continuously expanded in the future.
850nm type *1

UDN1Z54

Major AppsDMS

Peak Optical Output

2.1W

2.8W

6.0W

3.0W

Forward Current (IF)

2.7A

4.0A

4.0A

4.0A

Emission Wavelength

940nm

940nm

940nm

850nm

54°×43°110°×85°110°×85°110°×85°

Radiation Angle
FOV (x)×(y) *2
Common Specification

UEN1ZA9

High-Power type *1

ProductOMS、TOF

Package: 3.5×3.5×1.2mm, Version with/without PD monitoring*1: Under contemplation. *2: Radiation angle at 50% light output.
※The characteristic values shown are the standard values when the 300 μs pulse is lit at the forward current IF at
Ta=25℃.

Package

Basic characteristics and maximum rating of UDN1Z54＜Maximum Rating＞
・Maximum Current: IF =6A Pulse (tw≦0.1ms, duty≦1%)・Junction Temperature: 125℃

・Operating Temperature: -40 to 125℃
・Storage Temperature: -40 to 125℃

Summary
Stanley Electric has developed a high-output IR VCSEL compliant with the in-cabin standard AEC-Q102, and started mass
production ahead of the industry in order to support advancements in autonomous driving and ADAS applications. Thisutilizes the light distribution and automotive specific technology that Stanley Electric has cultivated over many years. Thereare increasing cases where existing high-power IR LEDs cannot meet the latest demands for automotive applications, but
Stanley Electric will provide solutions based on the unique characteristics of high-power IR VCSEL.
Our line up will grow to include 4 products in the near future, and we will be continuing to develop optimal VCSEL
products for various applications.

For more details...
● About IR VCSEL of Stanley Electric● Product info. : IR VCSEL: UDN1Z54● Product info. : IR VCSEL: UEN1ZA9● Contact Us

Stanley Electric Co., Ltd.
Product Planning Section, Optoelectronic Device Planning Department, Optoelectronic Device Division
1-3-3 Edanishi, Aoba-ku, Yokohama-shi, Kanagawa 225-0014 Japan
Tel：+81-45-910-2849
URL：https://www.stanley-components.com/en/© STANLEY ELECTRIC CO., LTD.