Monitoring Landuse and Landuse
Changes Using Remote Sensing
Gen Takao
Chief, Resource Analysis Lab.
FFPRIContents• Landuse/Landuse change & remote sensing• Cloud – big challenge in the tropics• Remove clouds! Virtual cloud-free images• Estimated Landuse/Landuse changes• Conclusion

LANDUSE/LANDUSE CHANGE &REMOTE SENSING

How is C emission estimated?
• Stock change methodEmission from a LU = C stock beginning－C stock end= (Area beginning－Area end)×C stock per area

LU mapping by what?

In situ measurement
UN-REDD, 2012

Only ‘Remote Sensing’ can map forest• Tree is big• Area is wide
• Access is difficult• Change is very slow/instant• Only bird’s eyes can overlook

Area estimation by remote sensing present & past

Newsatellite
image

Archivedsatellite
image

Y Yearclassification

Ground checking

Present forest classification andevaluation by ground checkY – ni....
Y – 7iY – 6iY – 5iY – 4iY – 3iY – 2iY–iY

Past forest classification byretrospective extrapolation

6Study site
• Part of PeninsularMalaysia– Path 126-127– Row 057-058• Materials– Ca 500 USGS
Landsat images– Ground truths fromfield check & highresolution imageinterpretation
2012/10/19

H24 第1回モニタリング分科会 鷹尾

7

CLOUD –BIG CHALLENGE IN THE TROPICS

Clouds & haze everywhere• Clouds coversomewhere anytime inthe tropics– Virtually no cloud-freeimages• Haze also hinders thereflection from groundFrequency of cloud-free pixel; 1990 – 2010
1 – 2 cloud-free pixels per year, or less … Never together
050

2012/10/19

100# available pixels
for 1990-2010 (21yrs)

H24 第1回モニタリング分科会 鷹尾

10

REMOVE CLOUDS!
VIRTUAL CLOUD-FREE IMAGES

Accumulating the cloud-removed images

H24 第1回モニタリング分科会 鷹尾

12Skewering the images for time-series pixels

13Trend analysis of the time-series pixels• Time-series reflectance(pixel values) of a given
pixel is acquired.
• Reflectance never bestable.
• However, there arecertain trends throughtime• By estimating trends &interpolating to any
time, virtual cloud-freetime-series images arederived.

Changes through time – No breakpoints
Supposedly undisturbed forest

1980s

2010s

Changes through time – A few breakpoints
Supposedly rubber re-planting

1980s

2010s

ESTIMATED LANDUSE/LANDUSE CHANGESVirtual Cloud-free Image & LU 1996

格子は30㎞、約360㎞四方の範囲

Hill Forest
Lowland Forest
Wetland Forest
Plantation
Non-Forest
Water

Virtual Cloud-free Image & LU 1997

格子は30㎞、約360㎞四方の範囲

Hill Forest
Lowland Forest
Wetland Forest
Plantation
Non-Forest
Water

Virtual Cloud-free Image & LU 1998

格子は30㎞、約360㎞四方の範囲

Hill Forest
Lowland Forest
Wetland Forest
Plantation
Non-Forest
Water

Virtual Cloud-free Image & LU 1999

格子は30㎞、約360㎞四方の範囲

Hill Forest
Lowland Forest
Wetland Forest
Plantation
Non-Forest
Water

Virtual Cloud-free Image & LU 2000

格子は30㎞、約360㎞四方の範囲

Hill Forest
Lowland Forest
Wetland Forest
Plantation
Non-Forest
Water

Virtual Cloud-free Image & LU 2001

格子は30㎞、約360㎞四方の範囲

Hill Forest
Lowland Forest
Wetland Forest
Plantation
Non-Forest
Water

Virtual Cloud-free Image & LU 2002

格子は30㎞、約360㎞四方の範囲

Hill Forest
Lowland Forest
Wetland Forest
Plantation
Non-Forest
Water

Virtual Cloud-free Image & LU 2003

格子は30㎞、約360㎞四方の範囲

Hill Forest
Lowland Forest
Wetland Forest
Plantation
Non-Forest
Water

Virtual Cloud-free Image & LU 2004

格子は30㎞、約360㎞四方の範囲

Hill Forest
Lowland Forest
Wetland Forest
Plantation
Non-ForestWater

Virtual Cloud-free Image & LU 2005

格子は30㎞、約360㎞四方の範囲

Hill Forest
Lowland Forest
Wetland Forest
Plantation
Non-Forest
Water

Virtual Cloud-free Image & LU 2006

格子は30㎞、約360㎞四方の範囲

Hill Forest
Lowland Forest
Wetland Forest
Plantation
Non-Forest
Water

Virtual Cloud-free Image & LU 2007

格子は30㎞、約360㎞四方の範囲

Hill Forest
Lowland Forest
Wetland Forest
Plantation
Non-Forest
Water

Virtual Cloud-free Image & LU 2008

格子は30㎞、約360㎞四方の範囲

Hill Forest
Lowland Forest
Wetland Forest
Plantation
Non-Forest
Water

Virtual Cloud-free Image & LU 2009

格子は30㎞、約360㎞四方の範囲

Hill ForestLowland Forest
Wetland Forest
Plantation
Non-Forest
Water

Virtual Cloud-free Image & LU 2010

格子は30㎞、約360㎞四方の範囲

Hill Forest
Lowland Forest
Wetland Forest
Plantation
Non-Forest
Water

Lowland & Hill Forests 1996

格子は30㎞、60㎞四方の範囲

Hill Forest
Lowland Forest
Wetland Forest
Plantation
Non-Forest
Water

Lowland & Hill Forests 2000

格子は30㎞、60㎞四方の範囲

Hill Forest
Lowland Forest
Wetland Forest
Plantation
Non-Forest
Water

Lowland & Hill Forests 2005

格子は30㎞、60㎞四方の範囲

Hill Forest
Lowland Forest
Wetland Forest
Plantation
Non-Forest
Water

Lowland & Hill Forests 2010

格子は30㎞、60㎞四方の範囲Hill Forest
Lowland Forest
Wetland Forest
Plantation
Non-Forest
Water

Swamp Forest 1996

格子は30㎞、60㎞四方の範囲

Hill Forest
Lowland Forest
Wetland Forest
Plantation
Non-ForestWater

Swamp Forest 2000

格子は30㎞、60㎞四方の範囲

Hill Forest
Lowland Forest
Wetland Forest
Plantation
Non-Forest
Water

Swamp Forest 2005

格子は30㎞、60㎞四方の範囲

Hill Forest
Lowland Forest
Wetland Forest
Plantation
Non-Forest
Water

Swamp Forest 2010

格子は30㎞、60㎞四方の範囲

Hill Forest
Lowland Forest
Wetland Forest
Plantation
Non-Forest
Water

Areal changes through years

Area %

Study Area
100%
90%
80%
70%
60%
50%
40%
30%
20%
10%0%1996 1998 2000 2002 2004 2006 2008 2010Year

waterplant
non_forswamp_for
low_forhill_forAreal changes through years, by state
Melaka
100%90%80%70%60%50%40%30%20%10%0%
1996 1998 2000 2002 2004 2006 2008 2010

Pahang100%
90%80%70%60%50%40%30%20%10%0%
1996 1998 2000 2002 2004 2006 2008 2010

Negeri Sembilan
100%
90%80%70%60%
50%
40%30%20%10%0%
1996 1998 2000 2002 2004 2006 2008 2010

Selangor
100%
90%80%70%60%
50%
40%
30%20%10%0%
1996 1998 2000 2002 2004 2006 2008 2010

waterplant
non_forswamp_for
low_forhill_forC Stock Trend by State

350

3500

300

3000

250

2500

200

2000

150

1500100

1000505000
1995

2000

Year

200502010

MelakaC Stock [10^12 gC]

C Stock [10^12 gC]

Carbon Stock in the Lowland and Hill Forests

Negeri
Sembilan
Selangor
Pahang(right axis)

CONCLUSION

Conclusion• We’ve developed time-series virtual cloudfree images from the Landsat’s historical– Landcover/landuse at any location at any time canbe estimated– In situ information can be extrapolated over timeand space• This technique can be applied to any humid
tropical and temperate countries– It would help REDD countries develop detailed
baselines

Acknowledgement• We are grateful to–FDPM for their kind supports andguidance throughout our study–FRIM’s scientists & staffs for theirgreat cooperation, indispensable
supports, and friendshipThank you very much foryour attention!

RESERVE

失われる熱帯林