2nd International Workshop

Long-Period Ground Motion Simulation
and Velocity Structures
Proceedings

November 8~9, 2007
at Earthquake Research Institute, University of Tokyo, Japan

Hosted by Strong Motion Seismology Group at ERI, Univ. Tokyo
Supported by SCEC-ERI Cooperation Program,
Office of International Earthquake and Volcano Research Promotion, ERI,
and Grant-in-Aid for Scientific Research (No.19201034)

ScopeThe long-period component of seismic ground motion generated by earthquakes causes
damage in near-fault regions through source effects such as the directivity effect ofrupture propagation and the near-field term of body wave radiation. In addition, thelong-period ground motions attenuate slowly with distance due to some path effects,
and site effects amplify them in distant basins, so that they can carry destruction tomuch greater range.
Large-scale structures such as tall buildings and big tanks can resonate with thelong-period ground motions because their own natural periods are in the same
frequency band. They can even be damaging in some circumstances; the worst example
with over 20,000 fatalities in Mexico City at a distance of 400 km from the 1985
Michoacan earthquake. A further example was provided by the 2003 Tokachi-oki
earthquake in Hokkaido, Japan (Koketsu et al., Seism. Res. Lett., 76, 67-73, 2005).
Therefore, the simulation of long-period ground motion is one of the most importantparts of strong motion evaluation and prediction. The modeling of velocity structures
along propagation path and within sedimentary basins also plays an important role. We
would discuss these aspects of the long-period ground motion in the workshop. Topics
include numerical simulation, velocity structures, source effect, path and site effects,damage and risk, and other related issues on the long-period ground motion.

Kazuki Koketsu, Takashi Furumura, and Hiroe Miyake
Strong Motion Seismology Group
Earthquake Research Institute, University of Tokyoi

Invited Speakers
Ralph J. Archuleta
Thomas M. Brocher
Robert W. Graves
Thomas H. Heaton
Kim B. Olsen
Arthur J. Rodgers
Toshiro Tanimoto(U.C. Santa Barbara, USA)
(U.S. Geological Survey, Menlo Park, USA)(URS Corporation, Pasadena, USA)
(Caltech, Pasadena, USA)(San Diego State University, USA)
(Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, USA)
(U.C. Santa Barbara, USA)

Research Members of 2007-2010
Grant-in-Aid for Scientific Research (No.19201034)
Kazuki Koketsu
Muneo Hori
Takashi Furumura
Hiroe Miyake
Kojiro Irikura
Saburoh Midorikawa
Tsutomu Sasatani
Tomotaka Iwata
Katsuhiro Kamae
Hiroshi Kawase
Hiroshi Takenaka
Nobuo Fukuwa
Yoshiaki Hisada
Shinsaku Zama
Hiroyuki Fujiwara
Shin Aoi
Sadanori Higashi
Haruko Sekiguchi
Kazuyoshi Kudo
Ken Hatayama(ERI, Univ. Tokyo) P.I.
(ERI, Univ. Tokyo)(ERI, Univ. Tokyo)(ERI, Univ. Tokyo)(Aichi Inst. Tech.)(Tokyo Tech.)(Hokkaido Univ.)(DPRI, Kyoto Univ.)(RRI, Kyoto Univ.)(Kyushu Univ.)(Kyushu Univ.)(Nagoya Univ.)(Kogakuin Univ.)(NRIFD)(NIED)(NIED)(CRIEPI)(AIST)(Nihon Univ.)(NRIFD)ii

Program
November 8 (Thursday)
13:30 - 13:50
13:50 - 14:00

Registration
Opening

Ground Motion Simulation
14:00 - 14:25

Takashi Furumura and Tatsuhiko Saito (ERI, Univ. Tokyo)
Integrated Simulation of Long-Period Ground Motions and Tsunami
Generating from Subduction Zone Earthquakes

14:25 - 14:50

Kim B. Olsen (SDSU),
William J. Stephenson, and Andreas Geisselmeyer
3D Crustal Structure and Long-period Ground Motions
From a M9.0 Megathrust Earthquake in the Pacific Northwest Region

14:30 - 15:05

Coffee Break

15:05 - 15:30

Hiroshi Takenaka and Arash JafarGandomi (Kyushu Univ.)
Multi-Component 1D Viscoelastic FDM for Plane-Wave Incidence

15:30 - 15:55

Robert Graves (URS), Brad Aagaard, and Ken Hudnut
Large Scale Earthquake Simulations in California

15:55 - 16:10

Coffee BreakEarthquake Engineering
16:10 - 16:35

Yoshiaki Hisada (Kogakuin Univ.),
Tomohiro Kubo, Shigeki Horiuchi, and Shunroku Yamamoto
Application of Earthquake Early Warning System to a High-RiseBuilding in Tokyo, Japan, Considering Long-Period Strong Ground
Motioniii

16:35 - 17:00

Thomas Heaton and Anna Olsen (Caltech)
End-to-End Simulations of Tall Buildings in Large California
Earthquakes

17:00 - 17:25

Saburoh Midorikawa (Tokyo Tech.),Toshiyuki Masatsuki, Michihiro Ohori, and Hiroyuki Miura
Simulation and Shaking Table Test for Seismic Behavior of Office
Furniture in Super-high-rise Building due to Long-period Ground
Motion

18:00 - 20:30

Reception

November 9 (Friday)
Velocity Structure
09:00 - 09:25

T. M. Brocher (USGS), C. Thurber, H. Zhang, G. Lin, P. Shearer,
E. Hauksson, F. Waldhauser, D. Schaff, and J. Hardebeck
Progress Towards a Comprehensive Crustal Seismic Velocity Modelfor the State of California, USA

09:25 - 09:50

Kazuki Koketsu and Hiroe Miyake (ERI, Univ. Tokyo)
Proposal for a Standard Procedure of Modeling 3-D Velocity
Structures in Japan

09:50 - 10:15

Toshiro Tanimoto, Tomoko Yano, and Melissa Eitzel (UCSB)
Using Seismic Noise for the Purpose of Constraining Shallow S-wave
Velocity Structure

10:15 - 10:25

Coffee Break

10:25 - 10:50

Ken Xian-Sheng Hao and Hiroyuki Fujiwara (NIED)
Sedimentary Thickness in the Eastern Kanto Basin Estimated byAll-pass Receiver Function Using Dense Strong-Motion Observationsiv

10:50 - 11:15

T. M. Brocher (USGS), R. W. Simpson, B. Aagaard, S. Hartzell,
S. C. Harmsen, A. J. Rodgers, and D. Dreger
Testing the USGS Northern California Seismic Velocity Model

11:15 - 11:40

Arthur Rodgers (LLNL),
Morgan Moschetti, Michael Ritzwoller, and Anders Petersson
Modeling Long-Period Ground Motions From Moderate Earthquakes
and Empirical Green’s Functions to Evaluate the USGS
Three-Dimensional Seismic Velocity Model of the San Francisco Bay
Area

11:40 - 11:50

Coffee BreakFuture Prospects
11:50 - 12:15

Kojiro Irikura (Aichi Inst. Tech.)Achievements and Overviews of Long-period Ground Motion
Prediction and Damage Potential Map for Great Subduction
Earthquakes

12:15 - 12:40

Ralph J. Archuleta, Daniel Lavallée, and Jan Schmedes (UCSB)
Why It Is Necessary To Use Dynamic Simulations To Guide
Broadband Predictions of Ground Motion

12:40 - 12:50
12:50 - 13:30

Closing
Lunchv

Proceedings
Integrated Simulation of Long-Period Ground Motions and Tsunami
Generating from Subduction Zone Earthquakes
Takashi Furumura and Tatsuhiko Saito

1

3D Crustal Structure and Long-period Ground Motions
From a M9.0 Megathrust Earthquake in the Pacific Northwest Region
Kim B. Olsen, William J. Stephenson, and Andreas Geisselmeyer

3

Multi-Component 1D Viscoelastic FDM for Plane-Wave Incidence
Hiroshi Takenaka and Arash JafarGandomi

13

Large Scale Earthquake Simulations in California
Robert Graves, Brad Aagaard, and Ken Hudnut

21

Application of Earthquake Early Warning System to a High-Rise Buildingin Tokyo, Japan, Considering Long-Period Strong Ground Motion
Yoshiaki Hisada, Tomohiro Kubo, Shigeki Horiuchi,and Shunroku Yamamoto

27

Simulation and Shaking Table Test for Seismic Behavior of Office Furniture in
Super-high-rise Building due to Long-period Ground Motion
Saburoh Midorikawa, Toshiyuki Masatsuki, Michihiro Ohori,and Hiroyuki Miura

33

Progress Towards a Comprehensive Crustal Seismic Velocity Modelfor the State of California, USA
T. M. Brocher, C. Thurber, H. Zhang, G. Lin, P. Shearer, E. Hauksson,
F. Waldhauser, D. Schaff, and J. Hardebeck

35

Proposal for a Standard Procedure of Modeling 3-D Velocity Structures in JapanKazuki Koketsu and Hiroe Miyake

41vi

Using Seismic Noise for the Purpose of Constraining
Shallow S-wave Velocity Structure
Toshiro Tanimoto, Tomoko Yano, and Melissa Eitzel

45

Sedimentary Thickness in the Eastern Kanto Basin Estimated byAll-pass Receiver Function Using Dense Strong-Motion Observations
Ken Xian-Sheng Hao and Hiroyuki Fujiwara

49

Testing the USGS Northern California Seismic Velocity Model
T. M. Brocher, R. W. Simpson, B. Aagaard, S. Hartzell, S. C. Harmsen,
A. J. Rodgers, and D. Dreger

53

Modeling Long-Period Ground Motions From Moderate Earthquakes andEmpirical Green’s Functions to Evaluate the USGS Three-Dimensional SeismicVelocity Model of the San Francisco Bay Area
Arthur Rodgers, Morgan Moschetti, Michael Ritzwoller,and Anders Petersson

59

Why It Is Necessary To Use Dynamic Simulations To GuideBroadband Predictions of Ground Motion
Ralph J. Archuleta, Daniel Lavallée, and Jan Schmedes

63

Achievements and Overviews of Long-period Ground Motion Prediction andDamage Potential Map for Great Subduction Earthquakes
Kojiro Irikura

69

End-to-End Simulations of Tall Buildings in Large California Earthquakes
Thomas Heaton and Anna Olsen71vii