WEB 音声第5章
1

不定詞
Key Sentencesto-不定詞の３用法

１

My dream is to be an astronaut.

私の夢は宇宙飛行士になることだ。

２I like to write stories.

私は物語を書くことが好きだ。

３

She has many friends to help her.

彼女には彼女を助けてくれる友人がたくさんいる。

４

He needs a new house to live in.

彼は住むための新しい家が必要だ。

５

You were careless to break the glass.

グラスを割るとは，あなたは不注意だった。

６This book is easy to read.

この本は読むには簡単だ。

７

She lived to be ninety years old.

彼女は生きて（その結果）90 歳になった〔90 歳まで生きた〕。

Key Pointsになる。「〜すること，〜であること」①

名詞的用法：文の主語，補語➡１，動詞の目的語➡２②

形容詞的用法：前の名詞を修飾。⒜「〜する（ための）…」➡３，⒝「〜すべき…」，⒞「〜という…」（同格），⒟ 前置詞を伴って不定詞句が名詞を修飾するパターン。➡４③

副詞的用法：動詞や形容詞などを修飾。⒜「〜するために」（目的），⒝「〜して」（原因・理由），⒞「〜するとは」（判断の根拠）➡５，⒟「〜するには」（easy，diff icult などを限定）➡６，⒠「…して（その結果）〜」（結果）➡７..., only to 〜「…したが，〜しただけだった」，..., never to 〜「…したが，２度と〜しなかった」もある。
I ran to the station, only to f ind that the train had left.
（私は駅まで走ったが，電車は発車したとわかっただけだった）
たHe left Japan, never to return. （彼は日本を発ち，２度と戻らなかった）
2Key Sentencesto-不定詞を含む重要表現

８

I don’t know what to do.

私は何をすべきかわからない。

９I am too tired to walk any more.

私はとても疲れていてこれ以上歩くことができない。

10 He was kind enough to carry my bag.

彼は私のかばんを運んでくれるほど十分親切だった。

11 My father told me to study hard.

父は私に一生懸命勉強するように言った。

12 He seems to be sick.

彼は病気のようだ。

13 To tell the truth, I love her.

実を言うと，私は彼女を愛している。

Key Points① 〈疑問詞＋ to-不定詞〉：what to 〜「何を〜すべきか」➡８，where to 〜「どこで〔に〕〜すべきか」，

when to 〜「いつ〜すべきか」，how to 〜「どのように〜すべきか，〜のし方」 など② 〈too ＋形容詞〔副詞〕＋ to-不定詞〉：「〜するにはあまりにも…」「とても…なので〜できない」➡９③ 〈形容詞〔副詞〕＋ enough ＋ to-不定詞〉：「〜するほど十分…」「十分…なので〜する」➡10④ 〈tell〔ask / want〕＋ O ＋ to-不定詞〉：「O に〜するように言う〔するように頼む / してほしい〕」➡11⑤ 〈seem〔appear〕＋ to-不定詞〉：「〜する〔である〕ように見える，思える」➡12
12 → It seems that he is sick.
⑥

独立不定詞：文全体を修飾する不定詞句…so to speak「いわば」，to be sure「確かに」，to begin〔start〕with「まず初めに」，to tell the truth「実を言うと」➡13など

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不定詞

定着

1

確認問 題

次の日本文に合うように，（）内の語句や符号を並べかえなさい。

⑴ 私たちは手伝ってくれる人をさがしている。 We’re（ help / for / us / to / looking / someone ）
.

We’re
⑵

.

彼女とうまくやっていくのは難しい。 She（ is / get / to / along / diff icult / with ）
.

She
⑶

.

私は一生懸命勉強したが，結局試験に落ちた。

I studied hard,（ fail / only / the exam / to ）.
I studied hard,⑷.

まず初めに，あなたにいくつか質問をします。

To（ a few / I’ll / begin / you / with / ask / , ）questions.

23Toquestions.

下線部に注意して，次の英文を日本文になおしなさい。
⑴

I’m glad to see you again.

⑵

She woke up to f ind it was raining.

⑶

My father asked me to cook lunch.

⑷

She seemed to be angry.

⑸

I was too sleepy to keep listening to her.

⑹

Please tell me when to return this book.

⑺

Will you lend me something to write with?
それぞれの英文を日本文になおしなさい。

⑴

To walk past garbage on the street is easy, but we are all responsible for it. Let’s
do more to clean up our town.

⑵

Have you thought about where to stay this summer? The number of *underwater
hotels has been increasing in recent years. Each hotel has a different way of showing
you how to *access your room.

語句

underwater：水中の，水面下のaccess：入る，接近する

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第５章

Key Sentencesto-不定詞の意味上の主語

3

14 It is diff icult for me to speak English.

私にとって英語を話すことは難しい。

15 That is a computer for him to use.

あれは彼が使うコンピュータだ。

16 It is kind of you to say so.

そう言ってくれるとはあなたは親切だ。

Key Points①

to-不定詞の意味上の主語〈for ＋人〉：to-不定詞の直前に置く。どの用法でも位置は同じ。
名詞的用法：It is diff icult for me to speak English. ➡14

注意it は形式主語。to 以下を指す。

形容詞的用法：That is a computer for him to use. ➡15
副詞的用法：I stepped aside for her to pass. （私は彼女が通れるように脇によけた）② 〈of ＋人〉：〈It is ＋人の性質を表す形容詞＋ of ＋人＋ to 〜.〉の形で使う。➡16

brave，clever，kind，wise など
to-不定詞の否定形，完了形，進行形，受動態

417 He told me not to make a noise.

彼は私にうるさくしないように言った。

18 She is said to have been sick.

彼女は病気だったそうだ。

19 You seem to be getting better.

あなたはよくなってきているようだ。

20 I don’t want to be scolded.

私はしかられたくない。

Key Sentences

Key Points①

to-不定詞の否定形：〈not ＋ to-不定詞〉…not を to-不定詞の前に置く。➡17② to-不定詞の完了形：〈to have ＋過去分詞〉…主節の動詞が表す「時」より「前の時」を表す。➡18

She is said to have been sick. ＝ It is said that she was〔has been〕sick.
She was said to have been sick. ＝ It was said that she had been sick.（彼女は病気だったと言われていた）③

to-不定詞の進行形：〈to be ＋〜ing〉➡19
You seem to be getting better. ＝ It seems that you are getting better.
You seemed to be getting better. ＝ It seemed that you were getting better.
（あなたはよくなってきているようだった）④to-不定詞の受動態：〈to be ＋過去分詞〉➡20

Key Sentences

原形不定詞

521 I saw Tom come out of the room.

私はトムが部屋から出てくるのを見た。

22 He made me wait for an hour.

彼は私を１時間待たせた。

Key Points①

原形不定詞：to のつかない不定詞のこと。

② 〈知覚動詞（see, hear, feel など）＋ O ＋原形不定詞〉：「O が〜するのを見る〔聞く，感じる〕」➡21③ 〈使役動詞（make, have, let など）＋ O ＋原形不定詞〉：「O に〜させる」➡22④ 〈help ＋ O ＋原形不定詞〉：「O が〜するのを手伝う」

I helped my mother（to）wash the dishes. （私は母が皿を洗うのを手伝った）※口語では to が省略されることが多い。
参考

原形不定詞を使った文を受動態にするときは，to-不定詞にかえる。
21 → Tom was seen to come out of the room by me.
22 → I was made to wait for an hour by him.

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不定詞

定着

1

確認問 題

次の日本文に合うように，（⑴）
内の語句を並べかえなさい。

あとで私にその結果を知らせてください。

Please（ the result / me / let / know ）later.

Please⑵later.

私たちは彼女がその店で買い物をするのを見た。 We（ at / shop / saw / the store / her ）
.

We
⑶

.

そんなことをするとはあなたは勇敢だ。 （ you / brave / it / do / is / of / to ）such a thing.

such a thing.
⑷

私は彼らに庭の掃除をしてもらった。 I（ the garden / clean / had / them ）.

⑸

皆批判されたくない。

I.

Nobody（ criticized / wants / be / to ）.
Nobody23.

下線部に注意して，次の英文を日本文になおしなさい。
⑴

This is the chicken for her to cook.

⑵

My teacher made me answer the question.

⑶

My father told me not to attend the party.

⑷

That woman is said to have been an actress.

⑸

He heard his mother call him.

⑹

As we approached to the top of the mountain, the air seemed to be becoming thinner.

それぞれの英文を日本文になおしなさい。
⑴As you all know, our annual Athletic Meet takes place on Thursday. Classes
should not make students *compete if they don’t want to.

⑵

It is important not to worry about making mistakes when you speak English.
Making lots of mistakes will help you improve your English.

語句

compete：（競技などに）参加する

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第５章

練習問題
1

次の英文を日本文になおしなさい。⑴は下線部のみをなおしなさい。
⑴①It is quite common to see a blind person who is walking with a guide dog to help

him or her. Dogs have helped blind people for hundreds of years, but the f irst actual
school to train dogs was begun in Germany in 1916. ②At this time, a doctor had theidea to teach dogs to help soldiers blinded in the war.
①②⑵In around 70% of countries, the academic year begins in September. Although

the school year in Japan traditionally begins in April, some universities have argued
that starting in September would help students study overseas more easily, andadditionally would increase the number of overseas students coming to Japan.

2

次の英文を読んで，筆者が何のためにこの英文を書いたのか，日本語で説明しなさい。

I’m sorry to bother you, but can I ask a favor? I ordered a new computer online
and it is likely to arrive during the afternoon. However, I have to go to the off ice at 2
p.m. Can I ask the delivery men to take it over to your house? I can pick it up when I
get back later. I’ll be happy to pick up some groceries for you on the way home to say
5thank you.

3

次の英文を読んで，あとの質問に英語で答えなさい。

Japanese visitors to New York are often surprised to see a large number of ramen
restaurants, and new ones seem to be opening all the time across the city. In fact,
New York has experienced a ramen boom over the past few years with no end to thenumber of people anxious to f ind the perfect ramen f lavor. Ramen restaurants are
5simple to f ind as they are often designed to look just like the popular noodle shops inJapan, complete with names in Japanese and Japanese speaking staff. Recent years
have seen several of Japan’s most popular ramen chains open stores as they try totake advantage of this noodle fever.
⑴

What surprises Japanese visitors to New York?

⑵What do the noodle shops in New York look like?

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不定詞

読解問題

チャレンジ
■

Read the passage and answer the following questions.
You are doing a homestay in Australia and have learned that an international culture

festival is held in your town. You are reading a blog about last year’s festival.
Amelia Gomez / Sunday, 4th July, 7 p.m.
This year, the Westgate city *council organized the city’s f irst International Culture
5Festival. There were food *stands selling food from many different countries, music
performances, and other cultural activities. I tried Indian curry for the f irst time. Itlooked delicious but it was too spicy for me to eat. One activity I tried was putting on aJapanese kimono. I was surprised to learn how complicated a kimono is to put on!
It was interesting to see the various musicians. I enjoyed watching the *Aboriginal

10Australian *didgeridoo performers. The didgeridoo made a strange sound and it lookedvery diff icult to play. I also wanted to see the Irish musicians play. However, there
wasn’t enough time for me to watch them.
One interesting activity was run by some Chinese students. They taught us how tomake some steamed pork *buns. Mine didn’t look great, but it tasted delicious! They15

are easy to make, so I’ll cook them again at home.
There are many things to see and do at this festival. If you are interested, take a lookat the *f lyer for the event of this year.
Westgate City’s International Culture Festival
Place : Westgate University Campus
Day and Time : The Last Saturday and Sunday of June（10 a.m. to 4 p.m.）
FoodMusicActivities

Indian Curry

Australian Aboriginal MusicChinese Cooking

English *Cornish Pasties

Irish Music

Wearing a Japanese Kimono

問１

Write one of the things that Amelia learned at the festival in English.

問２

Choose one thing Amelia didn’t do at the festival last year.
ア

Eat English Cornish pasties.

イ

Take part in a Chinese cooking activity.

ウ

Try Indian curry.

エ

Put on a Japanese kimono.

〔〕語句

council：市議会，地方自治体
bun：丸いパン

stand：屋台f lyer：ちらしAboriginal：アボリジニのdidgeridoo：ディジュリドゥ

Cornish pasty：コーニッシュパスティ（英国の伝統料理）

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