Ṕྐᆅ㟈➨ 29 ྕ䠄2014䠅㻌 1-10 㡫ཷ௜᪥㻌 2014/01/19䠈㻌 ཷ⌮᪥㻌 2014/03/10

㐣ཤ䛾༡ᾏᆅ㟈䛻䜘䜛㧗▱ᕷ䛾ሐ㜵⿕ᐖᚨᓥ኱Ꮫ኱Ꮫ㝔㻌 䝋䝅䜸䝔䜽䝜䝃䜲䜶䞁䝇◊✲㒊*㻌 ୕⚄㻌 ཌDamage to Levees in Kochi City due to Past Nankai Earthquakes
Atsushi MIKAMI
Dept. of Civil and Environmental Engineering, The University of Tokushima
2-1 Minami-Josanjima, Tokushima, Tokushima 770-8506, JapanThe author has been attempting to identify locations of damage to levees in Kochi city due to past Nankai
earthquakes by utilizing every available kind of information sources including damage maps, newspapers, books,photos, and first-hand accounts. Although the identified damage locations have been compiled on a map, there
were some uncertain locations of damage to levees. New valuable information being provided recently, this study
attempts to identify some uncertain locations of damage to levees. Also, Shikoku disaster information archives
began to provide valuable information regarding Ansei-Nankai Earthquake and Hoei Earthquake through its web
site. By utilizing this information, the levee damage map in Kochi city became more significant.
Keywords: Levee, Nankai Earthquake, Kochi, Liquefaction.
㼲㻝㻚㻌 䛿䛨䜑䛻㻌ᮾ໭ᆅ᪉ኴᖹὒἈᆅ㟈䛷䛿䠈ᮾ໭䜔㛵ᮾ䛾ከ䛟䛾Ἑᕝሐ㜵䛻⏒኱䛺⿕ᐖ䛜⏕䛨䛯䠊ᅜᅵ஺㏻┬ᮾ໭ᆅ᪉ᩚഛᒁ㻔㻞㻜㻝㻝㻕䛻䜘䜜䜀䠈ᅜᅵ஺㏻┬⟶㎄䛾୍⣭Ἑᕝ䛻 㻝㻘㻝㻥㻡 ⟠ᡤ䛾⿕ᐖ䛜⏕䛨䛯䛸ሗ࿌䛥䜜䛶䛔䜛䠊䜎䛯㛵ᮾᆅ᪉ᩚഛᒁ㻔㻞㻜㻝㻝㻕䛻䜘䜜䜀䠈㻥㻟㻥 ⟠ᡤ䛾ሐ㜵⿕ᐖ䛜ሗ࿌䛥䜜䛶䛔䜛䠊ᾏ⁁ᆺ䛾ᕧ኱ᆅ㟈䛷䛒䛳䛯䛯䜑䠈ᮾ໭䛛䜙㛵ᮾ䛻䛛䛡䛶䛾ᗈ䛔⠊ᅖ䛷ྠ᫬ከⓎⓗ䛻⿕ᐖ䛜Ⓨ⏕䛧䛯䛣䛸䛜≉ᚩ䛷䛒䜛䠊㻌㻞㻜㻝㻞 ᖺ 㻤 ᭶ 㻞㻥 ᪥䛻ෆ㛶ᗓ㻔㻞㻜㻝㻞㻕䜘䜚බ⾲䛥䜜䛯䛂༡ᾏ䝖䝷䝣䛾ᕧ኱ᆅ㟈䛻䜘䜛ὠἼ㧗䞉ᾐỈᇦ➼䠄➨஧ḟሗ࿌䠅ཬ䜃⿕ᐖ᝿ᐃ䠄➨୍ḟሗ࿌䠅䛻䛴䛔䛶䛃䛻䜘䜜䜀䠈㧗▱ᕷ䛷䛿᭱኱ 㻝㻢㻌㼙 䛾ὠἼ䛻く䜟䜜䠈䜎䛯ᾐỈ㠃✚䛿 㻟㻘㻟㻤㻜㻔㼔㼍㻕䛸ᗈᇦ䛻䜟䛯䜛䛣䛸䛜᝿ᐃ䛥䜜䛶䛔䜛䠊ᅗ 㻝 䛻䛿ኴᖹὒ䛛䜙ᾆᡞ‴䠈㧗▱ᕷ୰ᚰ㒊䛻⮳䜛䜶䝸䜰䜢♧䛩䠊㧗▱ᕷ୰ᚰ㒊䛻䛿䜋䜌඲ᇦ䛻䜟䛯䛳䛶ᾏᢤ 㻜㼙 ᆅᖏ䛜ᗈ䛜䛳䛶䛚䜚䠈䛣䛾䛣䛸䛜ᾐỈ㠃✚䜢኱䛝䛟䛩䜛せᅉ䛻䛺䛳䛶䛔䜛䠊ຍ䛘䛶䠈㧗▱ᕷ䛿ᆅ㟈ᛶ䛾ỿ㝆ᖹ㔝䛷䛒䜚䠈༡ᾏᆅ㟈䛾ᗘ䛻ỿ㝆䜢⧞䜚㏉䛧䛶䛝䛯䠊㻝㻥㻠㻢 ᖺ䛾᫛࿴༡ᾏᆅ㟈䛿䠈ᆅ㟈䛾つᶍ䛿䝬䜾䝙䝏䝳䞊䝗 㻤㻚㻜 䛸᥎ᐃ䛥䜜䛶䛚䜚䠄Ᏹబ⨾䠈㻞㻜㻜㻟䠅䠈୍㐃䛾༡ᾏᆅ㟈䛾୰䛷䛿ᑠ䛥䛛䛳䛯䛸⪃䛘䜙䜜䛶䛔䜛䛜䠈㻝㻞㻜㼏㼙 䜒䛾ᆅ┙ỿ㝆䛜䛒䛳䛯䛸ሗ࿌䛥䜜䛶䛔䜛䠄ἑᮧ䠈㻝㻥㻡㻝䠅䠊㻌ὠἼ䛾㧗䛥䛿༡ᾏᆅ㟈䛾つᶍ䛻ᛂ䛨䛶ኚ໬䛩䜛䠊ᆅ㟈䛾つᶍ䛜㠀ᖖ䛻኱䛝䛟䠈ὠἼ䛜ሐ㜵䜢䛿䜛䛛䛻ᅗ 1 㧗▱ᕷ࡜ࡑࡢ࿘㎶Fig.1 Kochi city.
㉺䛘䜛ሙྜ䛻䛿㑊㞴䜢୰ᚰ䛸䛧䛯䝋䝣䝖ⓗ䛺ῶ⅏ᑐ⟇䛜ᇶᮏ䛸䛺䜛䠊㏫䛻ὠἼ䛜䛥䜋䛹㧗䛟䛺䛔ሙྜ䛻䛿䠈ሐ㜵䛷䛧䛳䛛䜚䛸ὠἼ㜵ᚚ䜢䛩䜛䝝䞊䝗ⓗ䛺ᑐᛂ䛜䜘䜚㔜せ䛸䛺䜛䠊༡ᾏᆅ㟈䛾つᶍ䛜䛹䛾⛬ᗘ䛻䛺䜛䛛䛿䠈ᐇ㝿䛻㉳䛣䛳䛶䜏䛺䛡䜜䜀䜟䛛䜙䛺䛔䛾䛷䠈ᵝ䚻䛺ᆅ㟈つᶍ䜢᝿ᐃ䛧䛯ᑐ⟇䛜ᚲせ䛸䛺䜛䠊㻌

䛈770-8506 ᚨᓥ┴ᚨᓥᕷ༡ᖖ୕ᓥ⏫ 2-1㻌 ᚨᓥ኱ᏛᕤᏛ㒊ᘓタᕤᏛ⛉㻌 㟁Ꮚ䝯䞊䝹: amikami@ce.tokushima-u.ac.jp㻌
*-1-Ἑᕝሐ㜵䛾⿕ᐖ䛿䠈ᇶ♏ᆅ┙䜔ሐయ䛾ᾮ≧໬䛜୺䛺せᅉ䛷䛒䜛䠊ᮾ໭ᆅ᪉ኴᖹὒἈᆅ㟈䛿䠈ᾏ⁁ᆺ䛾ᕧ኱ᆅ㟈䛷䠈⥅⥆᫬㛫䛜㠀ᖖ䛻㛗䛛䛳䛯䛯䜑䠈䛭䜜䛜ᾮ≧໬⿕ᐖ䜢኱䛝䛟䛧䛯䠊ᆅ┙䛾ᾮ≧໬䛻䛴䛔䛶䛿䠈ྠ䛨ሙᡤ䛷⧞䜚㏉䛧ᾮ≧໬䛜Ⓨ⏕䛩䜛䛂෌ᾮ≧໬䛃䛾ྍ⬟ᛶ䛜ᣦ᦬䛥䜜䛶䛔䜛䠄ⱝᯇ䠈㻞㻜㻝㻝䠅䠊䜘䛳䛶䠈㐣ཤ䛾༡ᾏᆅ㟈䛻䜘䜛ሐ䛾⿕ᐖ⟠ᡤ䜢ㄪ䜉䛶䛚䛟䛣䛸䛿௒ᚋ䛾༡ᾏᆅ㟈㜵⅏䜢⪃䛘䜛ୖ䛷㔜せ䛷䛒䜛䠊㻌䛸䛣䜝䛜䠈ⴭ⪅䜙䛻䜘䜛ㄪᰝ䛾⤖ᯝ䠈᫛࿴༡ᾏᆅ㟈䛾ᚋ䠈ᮾி኱Ꮫᆅ㟈◊✲ᡤ䛻䜘䛳䛶㧗▱ᕷ䛾ᆅ㟈⿕ᐖㄪᰝ䛜⾜䜟䜜䠈㻝㻝 ⟠ᡤ䛷ሐ㜵䛜Ỵቯ䛧䛯䛸䛾ሗ࿌䛜䛺䛥䜜䛶䛔䜛䠄㔠஭䠈㻝㻥㻠㻥䠅䜒䛾䛾䠈ሐ㜵䛾⿕ᐖ⟠ᡤ䛜䠍䛴䛻䜎䛸䜎䛳䛯ᆅᅗ䛾䜘䛖䛺䜒䛾䛿ぢ䛒䛯䜙䛺䛔䠊㻌䛣䛾䜘䛖䛺ほⅬ䛛䜙䠈୕⚄䞉㎷㔝䜙㻔㻞㻜㻝㻞㻕䛿䠈୺䛻᫛࿴༡ᾏᆅ㟈䛻䛴䛔䛶䠈ᵝ䚻䛺᝟ሗ䜢ά⏝䛩䜛䛣䛸䛷䠈ሐ㜵䛾⿕ᐖ⟠ᡤ䜢 㻝 䛴䛾ᅗୖ䛻䜎䛸䜑䛯䠊䛥䜙䛻䠈୕⚄䜙㻔㻞㻜㻝㻟㻕䛿ศᯒ䜢ຍ䛘䠈ሐ㜵䛾⿕ᐖせᅉ䛸䛧䛶Ụᡞ᫬௦௨㝆䛻㝣ᆅ໬䛥䜜䛯㡿ᇦ䛛ྰ䛛䛜⿕ᐖ䛾᭷↓䜢ᕥྑ䛩䜛୺䛺せᅉ䛷䛒䛳䛯ྍ⬟ᛶ䜢♧䛧䛯䠊㻌ⴭ⪅䜙䛾䛣䜜䜎䛷䛾ㄪᰝ䛿䠈୺䛻䠈᫛࿴༡ᾏᆅ㟈䛻䛴䛔䛶⾜䛳䛶䛝䛶䛚䜚䠈Ᏻᨻ༡ᾏᆅ㟈䜔ᐆỌᆅ㟈䛻䛴䛔䛶䛿䠈༑ศ䛺ㄪᰝ䛜䛷䛝䛶䛔䛺䛛䛳䛯䠊䛭䛾䛯䜑䠈䛣䜜䜙䛾Ᏻᨻ༡ᾏᆅ㟈䜔ᐆỌᆅ㟈䛻䜘䜛ሐ䛾⿕ᐖ䛻䛴䛔䛶䠈⥅⥆ⓗ䛻ㄪᰝ䜢⾜䛳䛶䛝䛯䠊ຍ䛘䛶䠈᫛࿴༡ᾏᆅ㟈䛻䛴䛔䛶䜒䠈᭱㏆䛻䛺䛳䛶ᗄ䛴䛛䛾᭷┈䛺᝟ሗ䜢ᚓ䠈䜎䛯䠈⥅⥆ⓗ䛺⌧ᆅㄪᰝ䜢ᐇ᪋䛩䜛䛣䛸䛷᪂䛯䛻᫂䜙䛛䛻䛺䛳䛶䛝䛯䛣䛸䛜䛒䜛䛾䛷䠈ᮏㄽᩥ䛷䛿䛣䜜䜙䛻䛴䛔䛶ሗ࿌䛩䜛䠊ᾏ⁁ᆺ䛾ᕧ኱ᆅ㟈䛾ሙྜ䠈つᶍ䛾኱䛝䛔వ㟈䛜㛗䛟⥆䛟䠊వ㟈䛻䜘䛳䛶⿕ᐖ䛜ᣑ኱䛩䜛䠊㔜ᶵ䛜ᩚഛ䛥䜜䛯⌧௦䛷䛒䜜䜀ᩘ㐌㛫䛷᚟ᪧ䜒ྍ⬟䛷䛒䜛䛜䠈ᙜ᫬䛿䛭䛖䛿䛔䛛䛺䛛䛳䛯䠊䛭䛾䛯䜑䠈ᙜ᫬䛾ே㐩䛿వ㟈䛸ᛮ䜟䜜䜛ᆅ㟈䛻䜘䜛ሐ㜵⿕ᐖ䛻䜒ᝎ䜎䛥䜜䛯䠊䛭䛾䛯䜑䠈ᮏㄽᩥ䛷䛿䠈వ㟈䛻䜘䜛ሐ䛾⿕ᐖ䜒䛒䜟䛫䛶䜎䛸䜑䜛䠊㻌㧗▱ᕷ䛻᮶く䛩䜛ὠἼ䛾≉ᚩ䛸䛧䛶䠈‴䛾ධ䜚ཱྀ䛜⊃䛟䠈‴ෆ䛜኱䛝䛔≉Ṧ䛺ᆅᙧຠᯝ䛻䜘䜚䠈ὠἼ䛜ῶ⾶䛧䜔䛩䛔Ⅼ䛜ᣲ䛢䜙䜜䠈ᐇ㝿䠈᫛࿴༡ᾏᆅ㟈䛷䛿ሐ㜵⿕ᐖ䛾ὠἼ䛾Ἴຊ䛻䜘䜛ᙳ㡪䛿ᑡ䛺䛛䛳䛯䛸ᛮ䜟䜜䜛䠊䛧䛛䛧䠈Ᏻᨻ༡ᾏᆅ㟈䜔ᐆỌᆅ㟈䛿䛭䛾㝈䜚䛷䛿䛺䛔䛾䛷䠈䛣䜜䜙䛾ᆅ㟈䛻䛴䛔䛶䛿䠈㧗▱ᕷᇦ䛻฿㐩䛧䛯ὠἼ䛾㧗䛥䛜䛔䛛䜋䛹䛷䛒䛳䛯䛛䛻㛵䛩䜛グ㏙䜒ే䛫䛶ᢳฟ䛧䠈ሗ࿌䛩䜛䠊㻌㻌㼲㻞㻚㻌 䛣䜜䜎䛷䛾୺䛺ᡂᯝ㻌ᮏ◊✲䛷䛿䠈䛣䜜䜎䛷୺䛻᫛࿴༡ᾏᆅ㟈䛾㝿䛾㧗▱ᕷ䛾Ἑᕝሐ㜵⿕ᐖⓎ⏕⟠ᡤ䛻䛴䛔䛶䠈ᙜ᫬సᡂ䛥䜜䛯㟈ᐖᅗ䠈ᩥ⊩䠈෗┿䠈ドゝ䜢䜒䛸䛻䠈⌧ᆅㄪᰝ䜢⧞䜚㏉䛧䠈䜎䛸䜑䛶䛝䛯䠊䛣䛣䛷䛿䠈䜎䛪䛭䛾⤖ᯝ䜢♧䛧䠈䛭䛾ᚋ䠈୙☜ᐃ䛷䛒䛳䛯ሙᡤ䛻䛴䛔䛶䠈☜ᐃ䛸䛺䜛䛻⮳䛳䛯㈨ᩱ䜔᰿ᣐ䜢㏙䜉䜛䠊᭱ᚋ䛻䠈⌧᫬Ⅼ䛻䛚䛡䜛᭱᪂∧䛾ᅗ䜢♧䛩䠊㻌㻌㻞㻚㻝㻌 ୕⚄䞉㎷㔝㻔㻞㻜㻝㻞㻕䜎䛷䛾ᡂᯝ䛸ㄢ㢟㻌 㻌ⴭ⪅䜙䛿䠈᫛࿴༡ᾏᆅ㟈䛾ᚋ䛻␗䛺䜛ᶵ㛵䛷䜎䛸䜑䜙䜜䛯㟈ᐖᅗ䠈᪂⪺䜢ྵ䜐ྛ✀ᩥ⊩䠈ᆅ㟈┤ᚋ䛻᧜䜙䜜䛯෗┿䠈䛭䜜䛸ドゝ➼䠈⪃䛘䜙䜜䜛㝈䜚䛾᝟ሗ䜢཰㞟䛧䠈㧗▱ᕷ䛾Ἑᕝሐ㜵⿕ᐖ䛻䛴䛔䛶䜎䛸䜑䛶䛔䛳䛯䠊䛭䛾⤖ᯝ䠈ኴᖹὒഃ䛛䜙ධ䛳䛯ὠἼ䛿‴ཱྀ
䛜⊃䛟䠈‴ෆ䛜ᗈ䛔ᾆᡞ‴䛾ᆅᙧⓗ䛺ᙳ㡪䛛䜙䠈㧗▱ᕷ୰ᚰ㒊䛻⮳䜛᫬Ⅼ䛷䛿ὠἼ㧗䛿 㻢㻜㼏㼙 ⛬ᗘ䛷䛥䜋䛹㧗䛟䛺䛛䛳䛯䛜䠈㻝㼙 䜢㉸䛘䜛ᗈᇦ䛾ᆅ┙ỿ㝆䜔ሐ㜵䛾ᙅయ໬䠄ỿୗ䠅䛻䜘䜚䠈ሐ㜵ኳ➃䛻ᑐ䛧䠈┦ᑐⓗ䛻₻఩䛜 㻞㼙 ⛬ᗘୖ᪼䛩䜛䛣䛸䛸䛺䛳䛯䠊䛭䛾䛯䜑䠈ሐ㜵䛜ᆅ㟈ື䛻䜘䜛䝎䝯䞊䝆䜢ཷ䛡䛯ሙᡤ䛷䛿Ỵቯ䛻䛴䛺䛜䛳䛯䛸⪃䛘䜙䜜䛯䠊ᅗ 㻝 䛻୕⚄䠈㎷㔝㻔㻞㻜㻝㻞㻕䛾ሐ㜵⿕ᐖ⟠ᡤ䛾䛸䜚䜎䛸䜑⤖ᯝ䜢♧䛩䠊㉥䛔ᐇ⥺䛒䜛䛔䛿Ⅼ⥺䛷♧䛧䛯⟠ᡤ䛜䠈ሐ㜵䛾⿕ᐖ䛜Ⓨ⏕䛧䛯䛸ᛮ䜟䜜䜛⟠ᡤ䛷䛒䜛䠊㻌䛯䛰䛧䠈ㄢ㢟䛸䛧䛶኱䛝䛟 㻞 䛴䛒䛳䛯䠊㻝 䛴䛿䠈ⴭ⪅䜙䛾ㄪᰝ䛻䜘䛳䛶⿕ᐖ䛾グ㏙䜢ぢ䛴䛡䜙䜜䛶䛔䛺䛔ሙᡤ䜢↓⿕ᐖ䛸䛧䛶䛔䛔䛾䛛䠈䛸䛔䛖䛣䛸䛷䛒䜛䠊౛䛘䜀䠈䛣䜜䜎䛷㙾ᕝἢ䛔䛾⿕ᐖ䛿䜋䛸䜣䛹ぢ䛔䛰䛫䛶䛔䛺䛛䛳䛯䠊䜒䛖䠍䛴䛿䠈ሙᡤ䛾≉ᐃ䛾⢭ᗘ䛷䛒䜛䠊䛚䛚䜘䛭䠈䛣䛾䛒䛯䜚䛻⿕ᐖ䛜䛒䛳䛯䛸ᛮ䜟䜜䜛䛸䛔䛖䛣䛸䛿䜟䛛䛳䛶䜒䠈୙☜䛛䛺ሙᡤ䛜䛔䛟䛴䛛䛒䜚䠈ᡂᯝᅗ䛷䛿Ⅼ⥺䛷♧䛧䛶䛔䛯䠊౛䛘䜀䠈䐥䛾ᘺྑ⾨㛛ሐ㜵䛾⿕ᐖ䛿䠈䛂ᘺྑ⾨㛛䛃䛸䛔䛖ᆅ༊ⓗ䛻䛚䛚䜘䛭䛣䛾䛒䛯䜚䛷䛒䜛䛜䠈≉ᐃ䛻䛿⮳䛳䛶䛔䛺䛛䛳䛯䠊⥅⥆ⓗ䛺ㄪᰝ䛻䜘䛳䛶䠈䛣䜜䜙䜢ゎỴ䛩䜛䛣䛸䛜ㄢ㢟䛸䛺䛳䛶䛔䛯䠊㻌㻌㻞㻚㻞㻌 䛄㧗▱ᕷ㟈⅏᚟ᪧᕤ஦⟠ᡤ䛅䜔㧗▱኱Ꮫ⌮Ꮫ㒊㝃ᒓᆅ㟈ほ ᡤᥦ౪෗┿䛻䜘䜛㏣ຍ᝟ሗ䛾ධᡭ㻌2012ᖺ3᭶䛻䛺䜚䠈䛄ᥥ䛛䜜䛯㧗▱ᕷ䠈㧗▱ᕷྐ⤮ᅗᆅᅗ⦅䛅䛺䜛㧗▱ᕷ䛾⤮ᅗᆅᅗ䜢㞟䜑䛯ᩥ⊩䛜ฟ∧䛥䜜䛯䠄㧗▱ᕷ䠈2012䠅䠊䛭䛾୰䛻䛂㧗▱ᕷ㟈⅏᚟ᪧᕤ஦⟠ᡤ䛃䛺䜛㟷↝䛝䛾ᅗ㠃䛜ྵ䜎䜜䛶䛔䜛䛣䛸䜢ぢฟ䛧䛯䠊䛣䜜䛿䠈᪤ᡂ䛾ᆅᅗୖ䛻᫛࿴༡ᾏᆅ㟈䛻䜘䛳䛶⿕⅏䛧䛯ሐ㜵䜔㐨㊰䛺䛹䛾⟠ᡤ䜢ᡭ᭩䛝䛷ຍ➹䛧䛯ᅗ㠃䛷䛒䜛䠊䛣䛾ᅗ䛾Ⓨ⾜ᖺ䠈Ⓨ⾜⪅䛸䜒୙᫂䛷䛒䜛䛜䠈䛂ᡓ๓䛾㒔ᕷィ⏬ⲡ๰ᮇ䛛䜙ᡓᚋ᚟⯆ᮇ䜎䛷䛾20ᩘᖺ㛫䠈㧗▱ᕷ䛾ᅵᮌศ㔝䜢୰ᚰ䛻ᦠ䜟䛳䛯㧗▱ᕷ⫋ဨ䠈ΎỈ┿⃈䛾ᡭඖ䛻㑇䛥䜜䛯㈨ᩱ䛷䛒䜛䛣䛸䛛䜙䠈㟈⅏ᚋ䛻㝈䜙䜜䛯ᆅᅗ䜢ά⏝䛧䛶ᛂᛴⓗ䛻సᡂ䛥䜜䠈᚟ᪧᕤ஦䛻ά⏝䛥䜜䛶䛔䛯ᅗ䛷䛒䜛䛸ᛮ䜟䜜䜛䛃䛸䛾ゎㄝ䛜௜䛥䜜䛶䛔䜛䠊⌧ᅾ䛿䠈㧗▱ᕷẸᅗ᭩㤋䛻ᡤⶶ䛥䜜䛶䛚䜚䠈ⴭ⪅䛿⌧ᆅ䜈㉱䛝䠈䝕䝆䝍䝹䜹䝯䝷䛻䜘䜛᧜ᙳ䜢⾜䛖䛣䛸䛷䠈ヲ⣽䛾᝟ሗ䜢ධᡭ䛧䛯䠊-2-ᅗ 2 ᫛࿴༡ᾏᆅ㟈࡟ࡼࡿ㧗▱ᕷࡢἙᕝሐ㜵⿕ᐖ⟠ᡤࡢࡲ࡜ࡵᅜᅵᆅ⌮㝔(᫛࿴ 22 ᖺ)Ⓨ⾜ࡢ 2 ୓ 5 ༓ศࡢ 1 ᆅᙧᅗ(㧗▱)ࢆ౑⏝Fig.2 Summary of damage to levees due to Showa-Nankai Earthquake.
䛥䜙䛻䠈᭱㏆䛻䛺䜚䠈㧗▱኱Ꮫᆅ㟈ほ ᡤ䜘䜚䠈᫛࿴༡ᾏᆅ㟈ᙜ᫬䠈㧗▱኱Ꮫᩥ⌮Ꮫ㒊ᆅᏛᩍᐊ䛾ᩍဨ䛷䛒䛳䛯ἑᮧṊ㞝Ặ௚䛻䜘䛳䛶᧜ᙳ䛥䜜䛯160ᯛ
䛻ཬ䜆᫛࿴༡ᾏᆅ㟈䛾⿕ᐖ෗┿䛾ᥦ౪䜢ཷ䛡䛯䠊௨ୖ䜢䜒䛸䛻䠈ᅗ 㻞 䛻ຍ➹䜢⾜䛳䛯䜒䛾䛜ᅗ 㻟 䛷䛒䜛䠊ⴭ⪅䜙䛻䜘䜛ሐ㜵⿕ᐖ⟠ᡤ䛾᥎ᐃ⤖ᯝ䛸䛄㧗▱ᕷ㟈⅏᚟ᪧᕤ஦⟠ᡤ䛅䛾ሐ㜵⿕ᐖ䛿ᴫ䛽୍⮴䛧䛶䛔䜛䛣䛸䛜䜟䛛䜛䠊䜎䛯䠈ἑᮧẶ᧜ᙳ䛾෗┿䛻䛴䛔䛶䛿䠈᧜ᙳ఩⨨䛾≉ᐃ䛜䛷䛝䛯䜒䛾䜢ᅗ䛻䕦䛷♧䛧䛶䛔䜛䠊䛣䜜䜙䛿䠈ᡃ䚻䛾ㄪᰝ⤖ᯝ䛸ᩚྜ䛩䜛䜒䛾䛷䛒䜛䠊䛄㧗▱ᕷ㟈⅏᚟ᪧᕤ஦⟠ᡤ䛅䛸䛧䛶㟷୸䜔㟷⥺䛜䝥䝻䝑䝖䛥䜜䛶䛔䜛⟠ᡤ䛷ⴭ⪅䜙䛜᥎ᐃ䛧䛶䛔䛺䛔⟠ᡤ䛜ᩓぢ䛥䜜䜛䛜䠈䛣䜜䛿ⴭ⪅䜙䛾ㄪᰝ⤖ᯝ䛜⿕ᐖつᶍ䛾኱䛝䛔ᆅⅬ䛾ᢕᥱ⤖ᯝ䛷䛒䜛䛾䛻ᑐ䛧䠈䛄㧗▱ᕷ㟈⅏᚟ᪧᕤ஦⟠ᡤ䛅䛻䛿ẚ㍑ⓗつᶍ䛜ᑠ䛥䛔⿕ᐖ䜒ྵ䜎䜜䛶䛔䜛䛯䜑䛸᥎ᐹ䛥䜜䜛䠊᪂䛯䛺㈨ᩱ䜢ぢฟ䛧䠈䛒䜛䛔䛿ᥦ౪䜢ཷ䛡䛯ᚋ䠈⌧ᆅㄪᰝ䜢㔜䛽䠈ሙᡤ䛾≉ᐃ䛜䛷䛝䛯䠊㻌㻌㻞㻚㻟㻌 ㏣ຍ᝟ሗ㈨ᩱ䛻䜘䜛୙☜ᐃ⟠ᡤ䛾≉ᐃ㻌 㻌䛄㧗▱ᕷ㟈⅏᚟ᪧᕤ஦⟠ᡤ䛅䛾ሐ㜵⿕ᐖ䛾᝟ሗ䜔㧗▱኱Ꮫᆅ㟈ほ ᡤ䛾෗┿ᥦ౪䜢ཧ⪃䛻㏣ຍ䛾⌧ᆅㄪᰝ䜢⾜䛳䛯䠊䛭䛾⤖ᯝ䠈䛣䜜䜙䛾㏣ຍ᝟ሗ䛜䛝䛳䛛䛡䛸䛺䜚䠈䛣䜜䜎䛷୙᫂☜䛷䛒䛳䛯䛔䛟䛴䛛䛾ᆅⅬ䛷⿕ᐖ⟠ᡤ䜢☜ᐃ䛩䜛䛻⮳䛳䛯䠊㻌㻌(1) Ụ䝜ཱྀᕝἢ䛔䛾⿕ᐖ䛻䛴䛔䛶㻌ᅗ 㻟 䛷Ụ䝜ཱྀᕝ䛻ἢ䛳䛯䐡䡚䐦䛾༊㛫䛻䛴䛔䛶䛿䠈⿕ᐖ䛜᩿⥆ⓗ䛻Ⓨ⏕䛧䛶䛔䜛䜒䛾䛸᥎ᐹ䛿䛥䜜䛯䛜䠈᫂☜䛺᰿ᣐ䛿䛺䛛䛳䛯䠊ᅗ 㻠 䛻♧䛩ἑᮧẶ᧜ᙳ䛾෗┿䛿䠈Ụ䝜ཱྀᕝ䛻ἢ䛳䛯ሐ㜵⿕ᐖ䜢♧䛧䛶䛔䜛䛜䠈ᡃ䚻䛾ㄪᰝ䛷✵ⓑᆅᖏ䛷䛒䛳䛯䛸䛣䜝䜢⿵᏶䛩䜛䜒䛾䛸䛧䛶኱ኚ᭷┈䛺᝟ሗ䛷䛒䜛䠊ሐ㜵䛾⫼ᚋ䛻䜺䝇䝍䞁䜽䛜෗䛳䛶䛔䜛䛜䠈䛣䜜䛜ᅄᅜ䜺䝇䛷䛒䜚䠈⌧ᅾ䜒䛭䛾ሙᡤ䛻䛒䜛䛾䛷䠈ሙᡤ䛾≉ᐃ䛜ྍ⬟䛸䛺䛳䛯䠊䜎䛯䠈ሐ㜵ኳ➃䛻ᑐ䛧䠈Ụ䝜ཱྀᕝ䛾Ỉ㠃䛜㠀ᖖ䛻㧗䛔䛣䛸䛜䜟䛛䜚䠈኱ኚ⯆࿡῝䛔䠊㻌㻌(2) ᘺྑ⾨㛛ሐ㜵䐥䛻䛴䛔䛶ሐ㜵⿕ᐖշࡢᘺྑ⾨㛛ሐ㜵࡟ࡘ࠸࡚ࡣ㸪ᅗ 5 ୖࡢ㧗▱ᕷᥦ౪෗┿࠿ࡽࡣ㸪⫼ᚋࡢᒣࡢ⛸⥺ࡀぢ࠼࡞࠸ࡢ࡛㸪௨๓ࡣ㸪⿕ᐖࡢሙᡤࡀࠕᘺྑ⾨㛛ࠖ࡜࠸࠺ᆅ༊༢఩࡛ࡋ࠿ࢃ࠿ࡽ࡞࠿ࡗࡓ㸬ࡑࡢࡓࡵ㸪ᅗ 2 ࡛ࡣ᥎ᐃ⿕ᐖ⟠ᡤࢆⅬ⥺࡛♧ࡋ࡚࠸ࡓ㸬௒ᅇ㸪㧗▱኱Ꮫ⌮Ꮫ㒊㝃ᒓᆅ㟈ほ ᡤ࠿ࡽᥦ౪ࡋ࡚㡬࠸ࡓ෗┿ࡢ 1 ᯛ࡟Ụࣀཱྀᕝ࡟࠿࠿ࡿᶫᱱࡢ⿕ᐖ෗┿ࡀ࠶ࡗࡓ㸦ᅗ 5 ୖ㸧㸬ࡇࡢ෗┿ࢆࡼࡃぢࡿ࡜㸪ᒣ⫙ࡢᶍᵝࡀぢ࠼ࡿࡀ㸪ࡑࡢࣃࢱ࣮ࣥࡀᅗ 5 ୖࡢỴቯ
ࡋࡓᘺྑ⾨㛛ሐ㜵ࡢ⫼ᚋࡢᒣ⫙ࡢᶍᵝ࡜୍⮴ࡋ࡚

-3-ᅗ3᫛࿴༡ᾏᆅ㟈࡟ࡼࡿ㧗▱ᕷࡢἙᕝሐ㜵⿕ᐖ⟠ᡤࡢ᥎ᐃ⤖ᯝ࡜ࠕ㧗▱ᕷ㟈⅏᚟ᪧᕤ஦⟠ᡤࠖ࡜ࡢẚ㍑㸦ᅜᅵᆅ⌮㝔(᫛࿴ 22 ᖺ)Ⓨ⾜ࡢ 2 ୓ 5 ༓ศࡢ 1 ᆅᙧᅗ(㧗▱)ࢆ౑⏝㸧
Fig.3 Summary of damage to levees due to Showa-Nankai Earthquake (new information added).

࠸ࡿࡇ࡜ࡀࢃ࠿ࡿ㸬ᅗ 5 ୗࡢ෗┿࡟ࡣ⫼ᚋࡢᒣࡢ⛸⥺ࡀ෗ࡉࢀ࡚࠸࡚㸪ᒣࡢ⛸⥺ࡣᙜ᫬࡜⌧ᅾ࡛࡯࡜ࢇ࡝ኚ໬ࡀ࡞࠸࡜ᛮࢃࢀࡿࡢ࡛㸪ᅗ 5 ୗࡢ෗┿ࡢᒣࡢ⛸⥺ࡀ☜ㄆ࡛ࡁࢀࡤ㸪ᅗ 5 ୖࡢᘺྑ⾨㛛ሐ㜵ࡢሙᡤࡀ☜ㄆ࡛ࡁࡿ࡜⪃࠼ࡓ㸦ᒣ⫙ࡢᶍᵝࡣᙜ᫬࡜⌧ᅾ࡛␗࡞ࡿࡢ࡛㸪ࡑࡢ᝟ሗࡣ౑ࢃ࡞࠸㸧㸬ࡑࡇ࡛⌧ᆅ࡬㉱ࡁ㸪ᒣࡢ⛸⥺ࢆ☜ㄆࡋࡓ࡜ࡇࢁ㸪ᅗ
5 ୗࡢ෗┿ࡣ㸪Ụࣀཱྀᕝࡢ᭱ࡶୗὶ㒊࡟࠶ࡿᘺྑ⾨㛛ᶫ࡛࠶ࡿࡇ࡜ࡀࢃ࠿ࡗࡓ㸬ࡑࡇ࡛㸪ᘺྑ⾨㛛ᶫ࡜ᒣ⫙ࡢᶍᵝࡢ఩⨨㛵ಀ㸪ᒣ⫙ࡢᶍᵝࡢ఩⨨࡜ᘺྑ⾨㛛ሐ㜵ࡢ఩⨨㛵ಀࢆ෗┿࠿ࡽุ᩿ࡋ㸪࠿ࡘ㸪⌧ᆅ࡛ᕝࡢ‴᭤ࡢྥࡁࢆేࡏ࡚⪃࠼㸪᭱⤊ⓗ࡟ุ᩿ࡋࡓ⤖ᯝ㸪շࡢᘺྑ⾨㛛ሐ㜵ࡢ⿕ᐖ⟠ᡤࢆᅗ 3࡟♧ࡍࡼ࠺࡟㸪ᚑ᮶ࡢ᥎ᐃ⟠ᡤࡼࡾࡸࡸୖὶഃ࡟☜ᐃࡍࡿ࡟⮳ࡗࡓ㸬㻌㻌(3) ᖏ⏣༡᪉୰ሐ䐫䛻䛴䛔䛶㻌⌧ᅾ䠈䛣䛾୰ሐ䛿ṧ䛥䜜䛶䛔䛺䛔䛯䜑䠈䜎䛯ⴭ⪅䜙䛾ㄪᰝ⠊ᅖ䛷䛿䠈୰ሐ䛜䛒䛳䛯఩⨨䜢≉ᐃ䛩䜛䛣䛸䛥䛘䛷䛝䛺䛛䛳䛯䛯䜑䠈௨๓䛿ᅗ 6 ᕥ䛾෗┿䛰䛡䛷䛿⿕ᐖ⟠ᡤ䛾≉ᐃ䛿኱ኚᅔ㞴䛷䛒䛳䛯䠊⌧ᅾ䠈䛣䛾䛒䛯䜚䛾ሙᡤ䛷䛿䠈୰పᒙ䛷䛿䛒䜛䛜ᘓ≀䛜❧䛱୪䜃䠈ᒣ䛾⛸⥺䜢☜ㄆ䛩䜛䛣䛸⮬య䠈኱ኚᅔ㞴䛺సᴗ䛸䛺䛳䛶䛧䜎䛳䛶䛔䜛䠊௒ᅇ䠈䛄㧗▱ᕷ㟈⅏᚟ᪧᕤ஦⟠ᡤ䛅䜢ධᡭ䛩䜛䛣䛸䛷䠈䛭䛾䛒䛯䜚䛻♧䛥䜜䛯ሐ㜵⿕ᐖ⟠ᡤ䜢㡰ḟ䜎䜟䜚䛺䛜䜙䠈ᅗ 6 ᕥ䛾ᙜ᫬䛾෗┿䛻෗䛳䛯ᒣ䛾⛸⥺䛜୍⮴䛩䜛ሙᡤ䜢᥈䛧䛶䛔䛳䛯䠊䛣䛾䜘䛖䛺㏣ຍㄪᰝ䛾⤖ᯝ䠈䐫䛾⿕ᐖ⟠ᡤ䜢☜ᐃ䛩䜛䛻⮳䛳䛯䠊㻌㻌(4) ⯪␃ሙሐ㜵վ࡟ࡘ࠸࡚䐬䛻䛴䛔䛶䠈䛂ᆅ㟈䛻క䛖㧗₻䛾䛯䜑㧗▱ᕷⴗ⏫
ᅵబ㟁໬ᕤሙ䜘䜚ᱞᶫ䛻䛛䛡䛶ሐ㜵⣙ඵ༑⡿Ỵ₽䛧䞉䞉䞉䛃䛺䜛䛄༡ᾏ኱㟈⅏ㄅ䠄㧗▱┴䠈1949䠅䛅䛾グ㏙䠄ⴭ⪅ὀ䠖 ᅵబ㟁໬ᕤሙ䛸䛿䠈⌧ᅾ䛾ᮾὒ㟁໬ᕤᴗ䛾䛣䛸䠅䛜䛒䜚䠈䛚䛚䜘䛭䛾ሙᡤ䛿䜟䛛䛳䛶䛔䛯䠊䛧䛛䛧䠈䛣䛾䛒䛯䜚䛿୰ᒙ䛾ᘓ≀䜔ᕤሙ䛜ከ䛟❧䛱୪䜃䠈㧗▱ᕷᥦ౪䛾෗┿䠄ᅗ7ୖ䠅䛻෗䛳䛶䛔䜛༡ᾏ໬Ꮫᕤሙ䛾⫼ᚋ䛾ᒣ䛾⛸⥺䛜☜ㄆ䛷䛝䛺䛔≧ែ䛷䛒䛳䛯䛯䜑䠈ሙᡤ䛾≉ᐃ䛜䛷䛝䛺䛔䛷䛔䛯䠊䛭䛣䛷䠈⌧ᆅㄪᰝ䛻ඛ❧䛱䠈Google Earth䛾䝇䝖䝸䞊䝖䝡䝳䞊䜢ά⏝䛩䜛䛺䛹䛧䛶䠈⿕ᐖ⟠ᡤ䛾≉ᐃ䜢ヨ䜏䛶䛔䛳䛯䠊䛭䛾⤖ᯝ䠈㢮ఝ䛧䛯ᒣ䛾⛸⥺䜢☜ㄆ䛩䜛䛣䛸䛜䛷䛝䛯䛯䜑䠈⌧ᆅ䜈㉱䛝䠈㧗▱ 䛾ྜྠᗇ⯋䛾ᒇୖ䛻ୖ䜛チྍ䜢㡬䛝䠈ᅗ7ୗ䛾෗┿䜢᧜ᙳ䛧䛯䠊ᅗ7䛾ୖᕥ䛾ᙜ᫬䛾

-4-ᅗ 4 Ụ䝜ཱྀᕝἢ䛔䛾ሐ㜵⿕ᐖ䠄㧗▱኱Ꮫ⌮Ꮫ㒊㝃ᒓᆅ㟈ほ ᡤᥦ౪䠅Fig.4 Photo of levee along Enokuchi levee.
෗┿䛸䠈ᅗ7ୗ䛾ⴭ⪅᧜ᙳ䛾෗┿䛷䛿ᒣ䛾⛸⥺䛜୍⮴䛧䛶䛚䜚䠈䐬䛾⯪␃ሙሐ㜵ࡢỴቯࡢ఩⨨ࢆ≉ᐃࡍ䜛䛻⮳䛳䛯䠊௨ୖ䛻䜘䜚䠈䛣䜜䜎䛷୙☜ᐃ䛰䛳䛯⿕ᐖ⟠ᡤ䛾 4 ⟠ᡤ䛾఩⨨䛻䛴䛔䛶☜ᐃ䛩䜛䛣䛸䛜䛷䛝䛯䛾䛷䠈䛭䛾䛖䛱䠈Ⅼ⥺䛷♧䛧䛶䛔䛯䐥䠈䐫䠈䐬䛾⿕ᐖ⟠ᡤ䛻䛴䛔䛶䠈Ⅼ⥺䛷䛾⾲♧䛛䜙ᐇ⥺䛷䛾⾲♧䛻ኚ᭦䛧䛯䠄ᅗ3䠅䠊㻌㻌㼲㻟㻚㻌 Ᏻᨻ༡ᾏᆅ㟈䛻䜘䜛ሐ䛾⿕ᐖ㻌௨ୖ䛷ᚓ䜙䜜䛯▱ぢ䛿䠈᫛࿴༡ᾏᆅ㟈䛻䛴䛔䛶䛾㝈ᐃⓗ䛺䜒䛾䛷䛒䜛䠊䜘䜚ᬑ㐢ⓗ䛺⤖ㄽ䜢ᚓ䜛䛯䜑䛻䛿䠈᫛࿴༡ᾏᆅ㟈௨๓䛾༡ᾏᆅ㟈䛻䛴䛔䛶䜒Ἑᕝሐ㜵䛾⿕ᐖ䜢ᩥ⊩䛷ㄪᰝ䛧䠈ᮏ⤖ᯝ䛾ᬑ㐢ᛶ䜢☜ㄆ䛧䛶䛚䛟䛣䛸䛜ᮃ䜎䛧䛔䠊㻌䛭䛣䛷䠈ⴭ⪅䜙㻔㻞㻜㻝㻞㻕䛿䠈Ᏻᨻ༡ᾏᆅ㟈䜔ᐆỌᆅ㟈䛻䜘䜛⌧ᅾ䛾㧗▱ᕷ䛻䛚䛡䜛ሐ㜵⿕ᐖ䛻䛴䛔䛶䠈ᮾி኱Ꮫᆅ㟈◊✲ᡤ㻔㻝㻥㻤㻣㻕䛻䜘䜛䛄᪂཰᪥ᮏᆅ㟈ྐᩱ➨஬ᕳ䠈ูᕳ஬䠉஧䛅䜔䠈ᮾி኱Ꮫᆅ㟈◊✲ᡤ㻔㻝㻥㻤㻟㻕䛻䜘䜛䛄᪂཰᪥ᮏᆅ㟈ྐᩱ➨୕ᕳูᕳ䛅䠈㧗▱┴❧ᅗ᭩㤋㻔㻞㻜㻜㻡㻕䛻䜘䜛䛄ᅵబᅜ⩌᭩㢮ᚑ䛅䜔㛫ᇛ㻔㻞㻜㻝㻝㻕䛻䜘䜛䛄༡ᾏᆅ㟈䛅䜔㛫ᇛ㻔㻝㻥㻥㻡㻕䛻䜘䜛䛄ᐆỌ༡ᾏᆅ㟈䛅䜢䜒䛸䛻ᩥ⊩ㄪᰝ䜢⾜䛔䠈Ἑᕝሐ㜵䛻㛵䛩䜛グ㏙䜢ᣠ䛔ฟ䛧䠈᳨ウ䜢ຍ䛘䛶䛝䛯䠊䜎䛯䠈ᆅྡ䜢≉ᐃ䛩䜛䛻䛒䛯䛳䛶䛿䠈ᖹซ♫㻔㻝㻥㻤㻟㻕䛻䜘䜛䛄㧗▱┴䛾ᆅྡ䛅䜔ཎ⏣䞉௚㻔㻝㻥㻣㻥㻕䛻䜘䜛䛄ኳಖ༑஧ᖺ㻔㻝㻥㻠㻝㻕ᅵబᅜ㧗▱ᇛୗ⏫⤮ᅗ䛅䜢⏝䛔䛯䠊䛭䛾⤖ᯝ䠈⾲ 㻝 䛾㻭㻝䡚㻭㻝㻝 䛾グ㏙䜢ぢฟ䛧䛯䠊ᮏㄽᩥ䛷䛿䠈㻭㻝㻞 ௨㝆䛻᪂䛯䛻ぢฟ䛧䛯グ㏙䜢グ㍕䛩䜛䠊㻌1854 ᖺ䛾Ᏻᨻ༡ᾏᆅ㟈䛾㝿䛾㧗▱ᕷ䛻䛚䛡䜛Ἑᕝሐ㜵⿕ᐖ䛻䛴䛔䛶䛾グ㏙䜢⾲ 1 䛻䜎䛸䜑䜛䛸䛸䜒䛻䠈

ᅗ5ᘺྑ⾨㛛ሐ㜵ࡢỴቯ⿕ᐖ㸦ୖ㸪㧗▱ᕷᡤⶶ㸧࡜Ụࣀཱྀᕝࡢᶫᱱࡢ⿕ᐖ㸦ୗ㸪ἑᮧṊ㞝Ặ᧜ᙳ㸪㧗▱኱Ꮫ⌮Ꮫ㒊㝃ᒓᆅ㟈ほ ᡤᥦ౪㸧Fig.5 Damage to Yaemon levee.
ᅗ 8 䛾ᆅᅗ䛻ሐ䛾⿕ᐖⓎ⏕⟠ᡤ䜢♧䛩䠊ሐ㜵䛾⿕ᐖ⟠ᡤ䜢ᴫ䛽≉ᐃ䛷䛝䛯ሙྜ䛻䛿ᐇ⥺䠄Ᏻᨻ䛜㟷䠈ᐆỌ䛜⥳䠅䛷♧䛧䠈ሐ䛾⿕ᐖ⟠ᡤ䛜୙᫂☜䛺ሙྜ䛻䛿Ⅼ⥺䛷䠈ሐ䛾⿕ᐖ⟠ᡤ䛜ᮧ༢఩䛷䛧䛛䜟䛛䜙䛺䛔ሙྜ(䛭䛾ᮧ䛾䛹䛣䛛)䛿䠈ᮧ䛾୰ᚰ䛻 A3 䜔 H5 ➼䛾グྕ䜢௜䛧䠈Ⅼ⥺䛾୸䛷ᅖ䜣䛷♧䛩䛣䛸䛸䛧䛯䠊㻌Ᏻᨻ༡ᾏᆅ㟈䛾Ⓨ⏕䛿䠈㻝㻤㻡㻠 ᖺ䠄Ᏻᨻඖᖺ䠙჆Ọ୐ᖺ䠅㻝㻞 ᭶ 㻞㻠 ᪥䠄༑୍᭶஬᪥䠅䛷䛒䜛䛜䠈వ㟈䛜ከ䛟Ⓨ⏕䛧䛶䛚䜚䠈వ㟈䛻䜘䛳䛶⿕ᐖ䜢ཷ䛡䛯ྍ⬟ᛶ䜒䛒䜛䛾䛷䠈ᆅ㟈Ⓨ⏕䛛䜙ᩘ䞄᭶䛻䜟䛯䛳䛶䛾ሐ䛾⿕ᐖ䛾グ㏙䜢ᣠ䛔ฟ䛩䛣䛸䛻䛩䜛䠊䜎䛯䠈Ᏻᨻ༡ᾏᆅ㟈-5-ᅗ6ᖏ⏣༡᪉୰ሐࡢỴቯ⿕ᐖ㸦ᕥ㸪㧗▱ᕷᡤⶶ㸧࡜⌧ᅾࡢ෗┿㸦ྑ㸪ⴭ⪅᧜ᙳ㸧
Fig.6 Damage to levee in Obita.

ᅗ7⯪␃ሙሐ㜵ࡢỴቯ
Fig.7

ୖ 2 ࡘࡣᙜ᫬ࡢ෗┿㸦㧗▱ᕷᡤⶶ㸧㸪ୗࡣⴭ⪅᧜ᙳ
Damage to levee in Funadomeba.

䛾つᶍ䛿 㻹㻤㻚㻠 䛸᥎ᐃ䛥䜜䛶䛚䜚䠄Ᏹబ⨾䠈㻞㻜㻜㻟䠅䠈᫛࿴༡ᾏᆅ㟈䜘䜚つᶍ䛜኱䛝䛔䛾䛷䠈ኴᖹὒ䛛䜙㧗▱ᕷ䛻⮳䜛ᆅᙧຠᯝ䛻䜘䜛ὠἼ䛾ῶ⾶䜢⪃៖䛧䛶䜒䠈ὠἼ㧗䛿䛭䜜䛺䜚䛻䠄䛩䛺䜟䛱䠈ሐయ䛾Ᏻᐃ䛻ᙳ㡪䜢୚䛘䜛䜋䛹䠅㧗䛛䛳䛯ྍ⬟ᛶ䛜䛒䜛䠊䛭䛣䛷䠈䛣䛣䛷䛿䠈ὠἼ㧗䛻䜒╔┠䛧䛶䠈㛵㐃䛩䜛グ㏙䜢ྲྀ䜚ฟ䛩䛣䛸䛸䛧䛯䠊㻌䛺䛚䠈ᮏㄽᩥ䛷᪂䛯䛻ሐ㜵⿕ᐖ䛾グ㏙䜢ぢฟ䛩䛻䛒䛯䛳䛶䛿䠈♫ᅋἲேᅄᅜᘓタᘯ῭఍䠄㻞㻜㻝㻞䠅䛜㐠⏝䛧䛶䛔䜛䛄ᅄᅜ⅏ᐖ䜰䞊䜹䜲䝤䝇䛅䜢ά⏝䛧䛯䠊㻌㻌-6-㻌㻟㻚㻝㻌 ὠἼ㧗䛻㛵䛩䜛グ㏙㻌䛄ᅵబᅜ኱ᆅ㟈ᖼᚚᇛୗ኱ⅆ஦ୟ኱ộධஅᐇ㘓அ஦䛅䛻䜘䜜䜀䠈䛂䛭䛾◅ⴱᓥᕝ䜘䜚㧗㡲ᮧ䜈ධ᮶䛯䜛ᾉ㧗䛥ᅄᑻ䜀䛛䜚䛻ぢ䜖䜛䛃䛸䛔䛖グ㏙䛜䛒䜚䠈┠ど䛷䛿䛒䜛䛜㧗▱ᕷ䛾ᕷ⾤ᆅ䛻㏆䛔䛸䛣䜝䛷䛒䛳䛶䜒䠈㻝㼙 䜢㉸䛘䜛ὠἼ㧗䛜䛒䛳䛯䛣䛸䛜᥎ᐹ䛥䜜䜛䠊㻌㻌㻟㻚㻞㻌 ሐ䛾⿕ᐖ䛻㛵䛩䜛᪂䛯䛺グ㏙㻌௒ᅇ䠈ぢฟ䛧䛯ሐ䛾⿕ᐖ䛻㛵䛩䜛グ㏙䜢グ䛩䠊㻌䛄ᚚᅜኚ஦኱␎䛅䛻䜘䜜䜀䠈ᆅ㟈䛾 㻞 ᪥ᚋ䛾 㻝㻞 ᭶㻞㻢 ᪥䠈䛂₻Ỉ⊰㧗䛟ୗᆅ᪂⏣⏣㎶ᓥ䛾ሐᡤ䚻ษ䜜䠈᪂⏫㕲◙⏫₻Ụ᪂⏣ୗᆅ䛿໚ㄽẚᓥ୍ᐑⷭ㔝㎾୍㠃䛾ᾏ䛸䛺䜛䛃䛸䛔䛖グ㏙䛜䛒䜚䠈⏣㎶ᓥ䛾ሐ䛜Ỵቯ䛧䛯䛣䛸䛜䜟䛛䜛䠊㧗▱ᕷ኱ὠ⏣㎶ᓥ䠄䛯䜉䛧䜎䠅䛸䛔䛖ሙᡤ䛜䛒䜚䠈䛣䛣䛰䛸ᛮ䜟䜜䜛䠊䛣䜜䛿䠈⾲ 㻝 䛾 㻭㻝㻜 䛸䜋䜌ྠ䛨ሙᡤ䛾⿕ᐖ䛰䛸ᛮ䜟䜜䜛䛾䛷䠈㻭㻝㻜 䛾ḍ䛻
㏣グ䛧䛯䠊⌧ᅾ䛾ᅜศᕝ䛿༡ୗ䛧䛯ᚋ䠈ᾆᡞ‴䛻ὀ䛞䛣䜣䛷䛔䜛䛜䠈ᙜ᫬䛿⌧ᅾ䜘䜚䜒ᮾഃ䛾ὶ㊰䜢䛯䛹䛳䛶䛚䜚䠈໭ᮾ䛛䜙༡す䛻ྥ䛛䛳䛶ὶ䜜䛯ᚋ䠈ᾆᡞ‴䛻ὀ䛔䛷䛔䛯䛣䛸䛜 㻝㻤㻜㻜 ᖺ䛾ึ㢌䛻ᐇ᪋䛥䜜䛯 㔞䜢䜒䛸䛻స䜙䜜䛯ఀ⬟୰ᅗ䠄㻝㻥㻥㻟䠅䛛䜙᥎ᐹ䛥䜜䜛䠊䜎䛯䠈䛂₻Ỉ⊰㧗䛟䛃䛾䜘䛖䛻䠈₻఩䛜㧗䛔䛣䛸䛜グ㏙䛥䜜䛶䛚䜚䠈Ᏻᨻ༡ᾏᆅ㟈䛾㝿䜒䠈㧗▱ᕷ䛷䛿ᆅ┙䛾ỿ㝆䛜⏕䛨䛯䛣䛸䛜䜟䛛䜛䠊㻌䛄ᅵబᅜ኱ᆅ㟈ᖼᚚᇛୗ኱ⅆ஦ୟ኱ộධஅᐇ㘓அ஦䛅䛻䜘䜜䜀䠈䛂኱✺ᾉ䛾᫬䠈ⴱᓥ䛾ሐ஧༑୕㛫䜀䛛䜚䠈㧗㡲ᮧᕥྑ⾨㛛䛾ሐ஧༑㛫䛾వ䠈ᘺྑ⾨㛛䛾ሐ஧༑㛫䜀䛛䜚䠈ẚᓥ䛾୰ሐ䠈ୗᆅ䛾ሐ䠈₻Ụ䛾ሐ䠈୰ሐ䛺䛹₻ᢲ䛧ษ䜛䠊ᢁㅖ᪉䛾ሐ୕ᅄᑻᅄ஬ᑻ๭䜚ษ䜛䠊䛭䛾ෆ➉ᮌἑᒣ䛻⏕䛔❧䛱䛯䜛ሐ䛿ᐜ᫆䛻ษ䜜䛪䠊䛃䛺䜛グ㏙䛜䛒䜚䠈ከ䛟䛾ሐ䛷⿕ᐖ䛜䛒䛳䛯䛣䛸䠈䜎䛯䠈➉ᯘ䛜⦾ⱱ䛧䛯ሐ䛿ᆅ㟈䜔ὠἼ䛻ᑐ䛧䛶ᙉ䛛䛳䛯䛣䛸䜒ఛ䛔▱䜜䜛䠊䛂ẚᓥ䛾୰ሐ䛃䛾⿕ᐖ䜢 㻭㻝㻞 䛸䛧䛶⾲♧䛧䛶䛔䜛䠊䝢䞁䝫䜲䞁䝖䛷ሙᡤ䜢≉ᐃ䛷䛝䛯䜟䛡䛷䛿䛺䛔䛾䛷䠈Ⅼ⥺䛷⾲♧䛧䛶䛔䜛䠊㻌䛄኉ᐥṓฎ἞㘓䛅䛻䜘䜜䜀䠈䛂ᘘ௦⏫䛻䛶䛿໭᪉ሐ㜵䛾పୗ䛺䜛ᡤ䛃䛺䜛グ㏙䛜䛒䜚䠈ሐ㜵䛜ỿୗ䛧䛶䛔䛯䛣䛸䛜䜟䛛䜛䠊䛣䜜䜢 㻭㻝㻟 䛸䛧䛶⾲♧䛧䛯䠊䜎䛯䛂䞉䞉䞉ㅖᇼᕝ䛻⁄䜜ሐ㜵䜢㉺䛧䛶ྛேᐙ䜢ᾐᐖ䛩䜛䛒䜚䛶䞉䞉䞉䛃䛾グ㏙䛛䜙䠈ỿୗ䛧䛯ሐ㜵䛾ୖ䜢Ἑᕝ䛾Ỉ䛜⁄ὶ䛧䛶䛔䛯ᵝᏊ䛜䛖䛛䛜䛘䜛䠊㻌䛄ᅵబᅜ኱ᆅ㟈ᖼᚚᇛୗ኱ⅆ஦ୟ኱ộධஅᐇ㘓அ஦䛅䛻䜘䜜䜀䠈䛂✺ᾉึ䜑䛶ධ᮶䛯䜛᫬䠈ⴱᓥ䛾እ
㍯ሐ஧༑୕㛫⛬ษ䜜䛃䛸䛾グ㏙䛜䛒䜚䠈䛣䜜䜢 㻭㻝㻠 䛸䛧䛯䠊䛯䛰䛧䠈ⴱᓥ䛾እ㍯ሐ䛾఩⨨䛜䜟䛛䜙䛺䛔䛯䜑䠈ᆅᅗୖ䛻䛿⾲♧䛧䛶䛔䛺䛔䠊㻌㻌㼲㻠㻚㻌 ᐆỌᆅ㟈䛻䜘䜛ሐ䛾⿕ᐖ㻌ᐆỌᆅ㟈䛿䠈㻝㻣㻜㻣 ᖺ 㻝㻜 ᭶ 㻞㻤 ᪥䠄ᐆỌᅄᖺ༑᭶ᅄ᪥䠅䛻Ⓨ⏕䛧䛯䠊䝬䜾䝙䝏䝳䞊䝗䛿䠈㻤㻚㻢 䛸᥎ᐃ䛥䜜䛶䛔䜛䠊㻌㻌㻠㻚㻝㻌 ὠἼ㧗䛻㛵䛩䜛グ㏙㻌䛄㇂⛸グ䛅䛻䛿䠈ኴᖹὒ䛛䜙ᾆᡞ‴䜈ධ䛳䛶䛩䛠䛾ᚚ␚℩䜔℩ᡞ䛻䛚䛔䛶䠈䛄ஸᡤ䠈₻䝝ᒣ䝬䝕䛅䛾グ㏙䛜䛒䜛௚䠈ᾆᡞ‴䛾໭䛻䛒䜛₻Ụ䛻䛚䛔䛶䜒䠈䛄₻䝝ᒣ䝬䝕䠈ᐙ䝙䝰䛅䛺䜛グ㏙䛜䛒䜚䠈ᾆᡞ‴䛻ධ䛳䛯᫬
Ⅼ䛾䜏䛺䜙䛪䠈ᾆᡞ‴䛷ὠἼ䛾ໃ䛔䛜䛒䜛⛬ᗘ䠈ῶ⾶䛧䛯ᚋ䜒䠈௨๓䛸䛧䛶㧗䛔ὠἼ㧗䜢⥔ᣢ䛧䛶䛔䛯䛣䛸䛜᥎ᐹ䛥䜜䜛䠊䜘䛳䛶䠈䛣䛾Ⅼ䛻䛚䛔䛶᫛࿴༡ᾏᆅ
㟈䛸䛿␗䛺䜚䠈㧗▱ᕷᇦ䛾Ἑᕝሐ㜵䛻䛴䛔䛶䠈௬䛻ᆅ㟈ື䜢ཷ䛡䛯ᚋ䠈೺඲䛺ሐ㜵䛷䛒䛳䛶䜒䠈ὠἼ䛭䛾䜒䛾䛻䜘䛳䛶ሐ䛜◚ቯ䛥䜜䛯ྍ⬟ᛶ䛜䛒䜛䠄䛩䛺䜟䛱䠈ሐ䛾⿕ᐖせᅉ䛜ᆅ㟈ື䛷䛿䛺䛟䠈ὠἼ䛻䜘䜛Ἴຊ䛷䛒䜛ྍ⬟ᛶ䜒䛒䜛䠅䠊㻌㻌㻠㻚㻞㻌 ሐ䛾⿕ᐖ䛻㛵䛩䜛グ㏙㻌
1707 ᖺ䛾ᐆỌᆅ㟈䛾㝿䛾Ἑᕝሐ㜵⿕ᐖ䛻䛴䛔䛶䛾グ㏙䜢⾲ 2 䛻䜎䛸䜑䜛䛸䛸䜒䛻䠈ᅗ 8 䛻Ᏻᨻ༡ᾏᆅ
㟈䛾ሙྜ䛸ྠᵝ䛺᪉ἲ䛷⿕ᐖ⟠ᡤ䜢♧䛩䠊䛄ᐆỌᆅ㟈グ䛅䛷䛿䠈ᆅ㟈Ⓨ⏕᪥⩣᪥䛾 㻝㻜 ᭶ 㻞㻥᪥䛾グ㏙䛸䛧䛶䠈䛂୕㤳䜘䜚྾Ụ䛾Ώ䛧䜎䛷䛾㛫䛺䜛㛗ሐ䛿௨䛶䛾እ䛻ᔂ䜜䛶ộ䛾㏻㊰䛸䛺䜛䛻௜䛝䛶䠈඼䛾ᚋ䛿ᇼワ䜘䜚ྛ(䡱䢅䡱䢅)⯚䛻஌䜚䛶྾Ụ䜈Ώ䜛䛻䠈ᮏ䛾ሐ䛿ᡤ䛻䜘䜚䛶ộ䛾῝䛥୍୔(⣙ 3m) వ䜒᭷䜚䛧䛸ஓ䠊䛃䛺䜛グ㏙䛜䛒䜛䠊䛂྾Ụ䛃䛸䛿ᾆᡞ‴ዟᮾഃ୍ᖏ䜢⾲䛩ᆅᇦ⛠䛷䛒䜛䠄ゅᕝ᪥ᮏᆅྡ኱㎡඾䠈㻝㻥㻤㻢䠅䠊䛂୕㤳䛃䛿」ᩘ䛾ᆅྡ஦඾䛛䜙᥈䛧䛯䜒䛾䛾ᥖ㍕䛥䜜䛶䛚䜙䛪䠈⌧᫬Ⅼ䛷䛿ᐃ䛛䛷䛺䛔䛜䠈ఝ䛯ᆅྡ䛻䛂୕䝒㢌䛃䛜䛒䜛䠊䛭䛾ᚋ䠈ᇼワ䜘䜚⯚䛻஌䛳䛶྾Ụ䜈䜟䛯䛳䛯䠈䛸䛒䜛䛾䛷䠈୕䛴㢌䛾䛣䛸䛰䛸⪃䛘䠈㻴㻡 䛸䛧䛶⾲♧䛧䛶䛔䜛䠊㻌䛭䛾௚䠈䛄ᐆỌᆅ㟈グ䛅䛻䛿䠈䛂ேᐙ䛾㊧䛿ᾏ䛸ᡂ䜚ᅾ䚻ộ␃䛾ሐር㟈₻䛻ษ䜜ᔂ䜜䛶䠈ᅜ୰䛾Ỉ⏣ᩘ䚻ộᅵ䛸䛺䜚ಟ⌮ྔ䜟䛦䜛ᡤከ䛧䠊䛃䛸䛔䛖グ㏙䜒䛒䜛䠊ộ␃䛿₻␃䛸䜒᭩䛛䜜䜛䜘䛖䛷䛒䜛䛜䠈኱⬥㻔㻝㻥㻥㻠㻕䛻䜘䜜䜀䠈ᾆᡞ‴ዟ䛻ᖸᣅ┠ⓗ䛾኱䛝䛺₻␃ሐ䛜䛒䛳䛯䛣䛸䛜᭩䛛䜜䛶䛔䜛䛜䠈ヲ⣽䛺఩⨨䛿䜟䛛䜙䛺䛔䛾䛷䠈ᆅᅗୖ䛻䛿♧䛧䛶䛔䛺䛔䠊㻌㻌㼲㻡㻚㻌 䛚䜟䜚䛻㻌ⴭ⪅䜙䛿䠈᫛࿴༡ᾏᆅ㟈䛾㝿䛾㧗▱ᕷ䛻䛚䛡䜛Ἑᕝሐ㜵䛾⿕ᐖ⟠ᡤ䜢䠈฼⏝ྍ⬟䛺ᵝ䚻䛺㈨ᩱ䜢䜒䛸䛻᥎ᐃ䛧ᆅᅗୖ䛻䜎䛸䜑䜛సᴗ䜢⥅⥆ⓗ䛻⾜䛳䛶䛔䜛䠊䛣䛾ᗘ䠈䛄㧗▱ᕷ㟈⅏᚟ᪧᕤ஦⟠ᡤ䛅䜔㧗▱኱Ꮫ⌮Ꮫ㒊㝃ᒓᆅ㟈ほ ᡤᥦ౪෗┿➼䛾᭷┈䛺᝟ሗ䜢ᚓ䠈㏣ຍ䛾⌧ᆅㄪᰝ䜢⾜䛖䛣䛸䛷䠈䛣䜜䜎䛷୙☜ᐃ䛷䛒䛳䛯ሐ㜵⿕ᐖ⟠ᡤ䛾ᗄ䛴䛛䜢☜ᐃ䛩䜛䛣䛸䛜䛷䛝䛯䠊䜘䜚ᬑ㐢ⓗ䛺⤖ㄽ䜢ᚓ䜛䛯䜑䛻䠈Ᏻᨻ༡ᾏᆅ㟈䜔ᐆỌᆅ㟈䛾㝿䛾ሐ㜵⿕ᐖ䛻䛴䛔䛶䜒⥅⥆ⓗ䛻ㄪᰝ-7-␒ྕ
A1A2A3A4A5A6A7A8A9A10A11A12A13A14

⾲ 1 Ᏻᨻ༡ᾏᆅ㟈䛻䜘䜛Ἑᕝሐ㜵⿕ᐖ
Table 1 Damage to levee by Ansei-Nankai Earthquake.
ᩥ⊩䛜ᥖ㍕䛥䜜䛶䛔䜛ྐᩱ㞟᰿ᣐ䛸䛺䜛グ㏙᰿ᣐ䛸䛺䛳䛯ᩥ⊩䛂ୗ▱䝜ሐ኱യ䝭ⴱᔱ䝜Ώ䛧ሙ䝶䝸䛚䝰䝜Ώ䛧 ኱ᆅ㟈᪥グ 䞉᪂཰᪥ᮏᆅ㟈ྐᩱ➨஬ᕳูᕳ஬-஧䞉༡ᾏᆅ㟈䠄㛫ᇛ䠅ሙஅ ゅ䝖㎾ 䝝ሐ䛾๭┠ ᖜ୕ᑻ 䜘䜚 ኍᑻ఩㎾䠈䞉䞉䞉䛃䛂ⴱᓥ䝶䝸⤯ᾏ䜈㏻ሐ୕ᣠ㛫ィ䛝䜜䠈䛛䛴䜙 ኱ᆅ㟈᪥グ 䞉᪂཰᪥ᮏᆅ㟈ྐᩱ➨஬ᕳูᕳ஬-஧㎶ேᐙ䜢ጞ䝯⤯ᾏ㧗㡲᪂ᮌᒇ㢌㮵ඣᒣ䛾➃䜎䛷୍෇䛾ᾏ䛸䛺䜛䛃䞉༡ᾏᆅ㟈䠄㛫ᇛ䠅䛂ୗ▱༡䛾୸ሐ୧᪉䜈⿣䛡භᑻ䜋䛹䜒๭䛯 ୕⅏㘓䞉ᅵబᅜ⩌᭩㢮ᚑ➨୐ᕳ䜚䛃䛂኱₻⪋ୗ▱ᮧᨭ㓄அ୰ᡤ䚻ሐษ䝅䠈୰䝙 ኱ᆅ㟈᪥グ 䞉᪂཰᪥ᮏᆅ㟈ྐᩱ➨஬ᕳูᕳ஬-஧䜒ୗ▱໭䝜୸እ᭤㍯ሐษ䠈᪂⏫䞉⃰ே⏫䞉Ⲕᅬሙ⿬⏫㎾୍෇䛾⁄䜚䛸ᡂ䛃䛂ୗ▱ᮧᨭ㓄அෆᘺྑ⾨㛛䝜ሐษ䛃኱ᆅ㟈᪥グ 䞉᪂཰᪥ᮏᆅ㟈ྐᩱ➨஬ᕳูᕳ஬-஧䛂㧗㡲ᮧᨭ㓄அෆᕥ⾨㛛ሐษ୍෇அ⁄䜚䛸 ኱ᆅ㟈᪥グ 䞉᪂཰᪥ᮏᆅ㟈ྐᩱ➨஬ᕳูᕳ஬-஧ᡂ䛃䛂᥀ワ䜘䜚ộᢲ䛧㎸䛃኱ᆅ㟈᪥グ 䞉᪂཰᪥ᮏᆅ㟈ྐᩱ➨஬ᕳูᕳ஬-஧䛂₻Ụᮧ䝝᪂⏣䝜୰ሐษ䝺䠈ሷᒇᓮ㎾୍෇ ኱ᆅ㟈᪥グ 䞉᪂཰᪥ᮏᆅ㟈ྐᩱ➨஬ᕳูᕳ஬-஧䛾⁄䜚䛸䛺䜛䛃䞉ᅄᅜ⅏ᐖ䜰䞊䜹䜲䝤䝇ᅵబᅜ኱ᆅ䛂䞉䞉䞉₻Ụஅሐ䠈୰ሐ䛺䛹₻ᢲ䛧ษ䜛䠈䞉䞉䞉䛃㟈ᖼᚚᇛୗ኱ⅆ஦ୟ኱ộධஅᐇ㘓அ஦஬ྎᒣஅෆ஬ྑ⾨㛛ሐᮾ䝜䝶䝸ᣠ㛫ィษ኱ᆅ㟈᪥グ 䞉᪂཰᪥ᮏᆅ㟈ྐᩱ➨஬ᕳูᕳ஬-஧䞉᪂཰᪥ᮏᆅ㟈ྐᩱ➨஬ᕳูᕳ஬-஧䛂⏣㎶ᔱሐ䛾ษ䜜䛸ḟ➨䛻ᗈ䛟୍୎వ䛻䛺 ಟྐవ㘓䜚䠈῝䛥஑ᑜᩯ䜚䠈䞉䞉䞉䛃䛂₻Ỉ⊰㧗䛟ୗᆅ᪂⏣⏣㎶ᓥ䛾ሐᡤ䚻ษ ᚚᅜኚ஦኱ 䞉ᅄᅜ⅏ᐖ䜰䞊䜹䜲䝤䝇䜜䠈᪂⏫㕲◙⏫₻Ụ᪂⏣ୗᆅ䛿໚ㄽẚᓥ ␎୍ᐑⷭ㔝㎾୍㠃䛾ᾏ䛸䛺䜛䠊䛃䛂ᑵ୰䠈ᕸᖌ⏣ᶫ䝶䝸ᮾ䛾ሐ཮᪉䜈㛤䛝኱䛔䛻๭䜜䠈䞉䞉䞉䛃኱✺ᾉ䛾᫬䠈ⴱᓥ䛾ሐ஧༑୕㛫䜀䛛䜚䠈㧗㡲ᮧᕥྑ⾨㛛䛾ሐ஧༑㛫䛾వ䠈ᘺྑ⾨㛛䛾ሐ஧༑㛫䜀䛛䜚䠈ẚᓥ䛾୰ሐ䠈ୗᆅ䛾ሐ䠈₻Ụ䛾ሐ䠈୰ሐ䛺䛹₻ᢲ䛧ษ䜛䠊୕⅏㘓䞉༡ᾏᆅ㟈䠄㛫ᇛ䠅ᅵబᅜ኱ᆅ 䞉ᅄᅜ⅏ᐖ䜰䞊䜹䜲䝤䝇㟈ᖼᚚᇛୗ኱ⅆ஦ୟ኱ộධஅᐇ㘓அ஦䛂ᘘ௦⏫䛻䛶䛿໭᪉ሐ㜵䛾పୗ䛺䜛ᡤ䛃኉ᐥṓฎ἞ 䞉ᅄᅜ⅏ᐖ䜰䞊䜹䜲䝤䝇㘓䛂✺ᾉึ䜑䛶ධ᮶䛯䜛᫬䠈ⴱᓥ䛾እ㍯ሐ஧ ᅵబᅜ኱ᆅ 䞉ᅄᅜ⅏ᐖ䜰䞊䜹䜲䝤䝇༑୕㛫⛬ษ䜜䛃㟈ᖼᚚᇛୗ኱ⅆ஦ୟ኱ộධஅᐇ㘓அ஦䜢⾜䛳䛶䛝䛯䛜䠈䛣䛾ᗘ䠈ᅄᅜ⅏ᐖ䜰䞊䜹䜲䝤䝇䛻䜘䜛 Web 䝃䜲䝖ୖ䛷䛾᝟ሗᥦ౪䛻䜘䜚䠈Ᏻᨻ༡ᾏᆅ㟈䜔ᐆỌᆅ㟈䛻䜘䜛ሐ䛾⿕ᐖ䛻㛵䛧䛶䜒䠈᪂䛯䛺グ㏙䜢ぢฟ䛩䛣䛸䛜䛷䛝䛯䠊Ᏻᨻ䛾༡ᾏᆅ㟈䛻䜘䜛ሐ㜵

-8-␒ྕ
H1H2

H3

H4
H5

H6

⾲ 2 ᐆỌᆅ㟈䛻䜘䜛Ἑᕝሐ㜵⿕ᐖ
Table 2 Damage to levee by Hoei Earthquake᰿ᣐ䛸䛺䜛グ㏙᰿ᣐ䛸䛺䛳䛯ᩥ ᩥ⊩ࡀᥖ㍕ࡉࢀ࡚࠸ࡿྐᩱ㞟⊩࣭ᅵబᅜ⩌᭩㢮ᚑ➨୐ᕳ䛂ᐆỌ䛾ὠᾉ䠈ᯇ䛛ᓮ䜢ᡴ㉺䛧䠈ᕮሐ䜢ᢲษ䠈 ୕⅏㘓᪂⏫䜈⁄ධ䠊䛃䛂ᕮሐ䛸䛿ୗ▱䜘䜚୕䝒㢌䜈ฟ䜛୰ሐ䛺䜚䛸䛔 㧗 ▱ ᕷ ྐ ㊧ 䜑 ࣭㧗▱ᕷྐ㊧ࡵࡄࡾ䛠䜚䜅䠊䛃୰ሐ䛿ᐆỌᅄᖺ䛾኱ᆅ㟈䛻₻ᐖ䛷䛴䜆䜜䛯䠊 㧗 ▱ ᕷ ྐ ㊧ 䜑 ࣭᪂཰᪥ᮏᆅ㟈ྐᩱ➨୕ᕳูᕳ䛠䜚䞉ᅄᅜ⅏ᐖ䜰䞊䜹䜲䝤䝇䛂ᕮሐᢲษୗ▱ᑎ⏫ᜳ䛟ᾉධ◚ᦆ䛃༡㊰ㄅ࣭᪥ᮏṔྐᆅྡయ⣔ᑎ⏫䛾ḍ䛻䠈䛂ᐆỌᅄᖺ(1707)䛾኱ᆅ㟈䛻䜘䛳 ᪥ᮏṔྐᆅྡ䛶໭ഃ䛾Ụ䝜ཱྀᕝ䛾ሐ㜵䛜Ỵቯ䛧䠈ᾐỈ䛾኱ య⣔⿕ᐖ䜢ཷ䛡䠈䞉䞉䞉䛃䛸䛒䜛䠊࣭᪂཰᪥ᮏᆅ㟈ྐᩱ➨୕ᕳูᕳ䛂ᐆỌᅄᖺ䛾ᆅ㟈䛾ᚋୗ▱ୗእ㍯䛾ሐ㜵◚༷ ໭⏫ㄅ䛧₻ộ⁄䛩䜛䛾៧䛒䜛䜘䜚ㅖᑎ䜎䛯ྛᡤ䝙ᩓ⛣䛩䛸ப䛃䛂ᚚᇛୗᘔ䝸ሐ୙ṧᡴ䝁䝦ᢲษ䝸䠈኱₻ධ㎸䛃ᘯ ิ ➹ グ 䠄 ୓ ࣭᪂཰᪥ᮏᆅ㟈ྐᩱ➨୕ᕳูᕳ࣭ᅵబᅜ⩌᭩㢮ᚑ➨୐ᕳኚグ䠅䞉ᅄᅜ⅏ᐖ䜰䞊䜹䜲䝤䝇䛂୕㤳䜘䜚྾Ụ䛾Ώ䛧䜎䛷䛾㛫䛺䜛㛗ሐ䛿௨䛶 ᐆỌᆅ㟈グ䛾እ䛻ᔂ䜜䛶ộ䛾㏻㊰䛸䛺䜛䛻௜䛝䛶䠈඼䛾ᚋ䛿ᇼワ䜘䜚ྛ(䡱䢅䡱䢅)⯚䛻஌䜚䛶྾Ụ䜈Ώ䜛䛻䠈ᮏ䛾ሐ䛿ᡤ䛻䜘䜚䛶ộ䛾῝䛥୍୔(⣙ 3m) వ䜒᭷䜚䛧䛸ஓ䠊䛃䞉ᅄᅜ⅏ᐖ䜰䞊䜹䜲䝤䝇䛂ேᐙ䛾㊧䛿ᾏ䛸ᡂ䜚ᅾ䚻ộ␃䛾ሐር㟈₻䛻 ᐆỌᆅ㟈グษ䜜ᔂ䜜䛶䠈ᅜ୰䛾Ỉ⏣ᩘ䚻ộᅵ䛸䛺䜚ಟ⌮ྔ䜟䛦䜛ᡤከ䛧䠊䛃㻌⿕ᐖ䛿䠈᫛࿴༡ᾏᆅ㟈䛻䜘䜛ሐ㜵⿕ᐖ䛸ྠᵝ䛺⟠ᡤ䛻⏕䛨䛶䛔䛯䠊ᐆỌᆅ㟈䛻䛴䛔䛶䛿䠈᫛࿴䜔Ᏻᨻ䛾༡ᾏᆅ㟈䛷ሐ㜵⿕ᐖ䛜㞟୰䛧䛯ᅜศᕝୗὶᇦ䛻䛿⿕ᐖ䛾グ㘓䛜ㄆ䜑䜙䜜䛺䛛䛳䛯䠊䛯䛰䛧䠈ᐆỌ䛾ᆅ㟈ᙜ᫬䠈ሐ㜵䛾ᩚഛ䛜ᐆỌሐ䛾䛒䛯䜚䜎䛷䛧䛛㐍䜣䛷䛔䛺䛛䛳䛯䜒䛾䛸ᛮ䜟䜜䜛䠊㻌㻌ㅰ㎡㻌㻌 㻌 ᮏ✏䛾సᡂ䛻䛒䛯䜚䠈ᒣᮏᑦ᫂Ặ䛻䛿኱ኚ୎ᑀ䛻ෆᐜ䜢䝏䜵䝑䜽䛧䛶㡬䛝䠈䜎䛯⦅㞟⪅䛾ᑠᯇཎ⌶Ặ䛛䜙ᅗ䜔ᮏᩥ䛾ᨵၿ䛻䛴䛔䛶኱ኚ㈗㔜䛺䜰䝗䝞䜲䝇䜢㡬䛝䠈䛭䜜䜙䛿㠀ᖖ䛻᭷┈䛺ㄽᩥ䛾ᨵゞ䛻䛴䛺䛜䜚䜎䛧䛯䠊⦅㞟㛗䛾㔠⏣ᖹኴ㑻ඛ⏕䛻䛿䠈኱ኚ୎ᑀ䛻ㄽᩥ䛾᭱⤊䝏䜵䝑䜽䜢䛧䛶㡬䛝䠈䛭䛾䛚䛛䛢䛷䠈ぢⴠ䛸䛧䛶䛔䛯ᮏᩥ୰䛾」ᩘ䛾୙ලྜ䜢ಟṇ䛩䜛䛣䛸䛜䛷䛝䜎䛧䛯䠊㤶ᕝ኱Ꮫ䛾ᯇᑿ⿱἞ඛ⏕䛻䛿䠈㧗▱䛾Ἑᕝሐ㜵䛻㛵䛧䛶኱ኚከ䛟䛾䛣䛸䜢ᩍ䛘䛶㡬䛝䜎䛧䛯䠊ᮏ◊✲䛾ᐇ᪋䛻䛒䛯䜚䠈♫ᅋἲேᅄᅜᘓタᘯ῭఍䛻䜘䜛◊✲ຓᡂ㔠䜢౑⏝䛥䛫䛶㡬䛝䜎䛧䛯䠊◊✲ᐊ䛾㎷㔝඾Ꮚ䛥䜣䠄㧗▱኱Ꮫ኱Ꮫ㝔ಟ஢䠅䛻䛿䠈㧗▱䛾ᆅྡ䛻䛴䛔䛶Ⰽ䚻䛸ᩍ䛘䛶㡬䛝䜎䛧䛯䠊ᮏㄽᩥ䛾ᗄ䛴䛛䛾ᅗ䛿䠈GMT䠄Generic Mapping Tools, Wessel andSmith, 1991, 1998䠅䜢⏝䛔䛶సᡂ䛧䜎䛧䛯䠊グ䛧䛶ឤㅰ⮴䛧䜎䛩䠊㻌㻌
ᑐ㇟ᆅ㟈䠖 1707 ᖺᐆỌᆅ㟈䠈1854 ᖺᏳᨻ༡ᾏᆅ㟈䠈
1946 ᖺ᫛࿴༡ᾏᆅ㟈㻌
㻌
ᩥ㻌 ⊩㻌
㻌
ᖹซ♫䠈1983䠈㧗▱┴䛾ᆅྡ䠈᪥ᮏṔྐᆅྡ኱⣔40䠊㧗▱┴䠈1949䠈༡ᾏ኱㟈⅏ㄅ䠈692 pp䠊㧗▱┴❧ᅗ᭩㤋䠈2005䠈ᅵబᅜ⩌᭩㢮ᚑ䠈➨୐ᕳ䠈
387 pp䠊㧗▱ᕷ䠈2012䠈ᥥ䛛䜜䛯㧗▱ᕷ䠈219 pp䠊㻌
ᅜᅵ஺㏻┬㛵ᮾᆅ᪉ᩚഛᒁ䠈㻞㻜㻝㻝䠈ᖹᡂ 㻞㻟 ᖺ㻔㻞㻜㻝㻝ᖺ㻕ᮾ໭ᆅ᪉ኴᖹὒἈᆅ㟈䛻䜘䜛Ἑᕝ⿕⅏≧ἣ䠄㛵ᮾ䠅䠊㻌
ᅜᅵ஺㏻┬ᮾ໭ᆅ᪉ᩚഛᒁ䠈㻞㻜㻝㻝䠈ᮾ໭ᆅ᪉ᩚഛᒁᆅ㟈⅏ᐖ᝟ሗ䠈➨ 㻢㻢 ሗ䠊㻌㛫ᇛ㱟⏨䠈2011䠈༡ᾏᆅ㟈䠈91 pp䠊㻌୕⚄ཌ䠈㎷㔝඾Ꮚ䠈㻞㻜㻝㻞䠈㻝㻥㻠㻢 ᖺ᫛࿴༡ᾏᆅ㟈䛻䜘䜛㧗▱ᕷ䛾Ἑᕝሐ㜵⿕ᐖ䛸䛭䛾せᅉ䠈Ṕྐᆅ㟈䠈-9-ᅗ8Ᏻᨻ䜔ᐆỌ༡ᾏᆅ㟈䛻䜘䜛ሐ㜵⿕ᐖ䛸᫛࿴༡ᾏᆅ㟈䛻䜘䜛ሐ㜵⿕ᐖ䛾఩⨨䛾ẚ㍑䠊
ᅜᅵᆅ⌮㝔(᫛࿴ 22 ᖺ)Ⓨ⾜ࡢ 2 ୓ 5 ༓ศࡢ 1 ᆅᙧᅗ(㧗▱)ࢆ౑⏝㸬ᮏᅗࡢ࣮࢝ࣛ∧ࡣཱྀ⤮ 1 ཧ↷㸬
Fig.8 Comparison of damaged sections of levees due to Nankai Earthquakes.

㻞㻣䠈㻞㻣㻙㻟㻥㻚㻌 㻌୕⚄ཌ䠈㎷㔝඾Ꮚ䠈㰺⸨๛ᙪ䠈㻞㻜㻝㻟䠈᫛࿴༡ᾏᆅ㟈䛻䜘䜛㧗▱ᕷ䛾Ἑᕝሐ㜵⿕ᐖ䛸⿕ᐖせᅉ䛾෌ホ౯䠈ᅵᮌᏛ఍ㄽᩥ㞟䠈㻵㻙㻝㻜㻟㻠㻙㻵㻙㻝㻜㻠㻤㻚㻌 㻌ෆ 㛶 ᗓ 䠈 㻞㻜㻝㻞 䠈 㜵 ⅏ ᝟ ሗ 䛾 䝨 䞊 䝆 䠈㼔㼠㼠㼜㻦㻛㻛㼣㼣㼣㻚㼎㼛㼡㼟㼍㼕㻚㼓㼛㻚㼖㼜㻛㼚㼍㼚㼗㼍㼕㼠㼞㼛㼡㼓㼔㼋㼕㼚㼒㼛㻚㼔㼠㼙㼘㻌䠄㻞㻜㻝㻞 ᖺ 㻝㻝 ᭶ 㻝㻢 ᪥㜀ぴ䠅㻌᪥ᮏᅜ㝿ᆅᅗᏛ఍┘ಟ䠈㻝㻥㻥㻟䠈ఀ⬟୰ᅯ㻌 㻦㻌 ኱᪥ᮏἢᾏᐿ ᅯ䠈Ṋᥭᇽ䠊㻌኱⬥ಖᙪ䠈㻝㻥㻥㻠䠈㜵⅏ྐⓗ䛻䜏䛯㧗▱ᕷ䛸䛭䛾࿘㎶㻌䠉ᩥ⊩䞉⤮ᅗ㈨ᩱ䛾฼⏝䛛䜙䠉䠈㻟㻜㻙㻟㻡䠈㧗▱኱Ꮫ㯮₻ᅪ◊✲ᡤ㻌 ᡤሗ䠊㻌ἑᮧṊ㞝䠈1951䠈༡ᾏ኱ᆅ㟈䛸ᆅẆ㐠ື䠈㧗▱኱ᏛᏛ⾡◊✲ሗ࿌䠊♫ᅋἲேᅄᅜᘓタᘯ῭఍䠈2012䠈ᅄᅜ⅏ᐖ䜰䞊䜹䜲䝤䝇䠈http://www.shikoku-saigai.com/ 䠄2014 ᖺ 1㻌㻌㻌

᭶ 17 ᪥㜀ぴ䠅ᮾி኱Ꮫᆅ㟈◊✲ᡤ䠈1983䠈᪂཰ ᪥ᮏᆅ㟈ྐᩱ➨୕ᕳูᕳ䠈590 pp䠊
ᮾி኱Ꮫᆅ㟈◊✲ᡤ䠈1987䠈᪂཰ ᪥ᮏᆅ㟈ྐᩱ➨஬ᕳ䠈ูᕳ஬䠉஧䠈2528 pp䠊㻌Ᏹ బ ⨾ 㱟 ኵ 䠈 2003 䠈 ᭱ ᪂ ∧ ᪥ ᮏ ⿕ ᐖ ᆅ 㟈 ⥲ ぴ[416]-2001䠈ᮾி኱Ꮫฟ∧఍䠈605 pp䠊㻌ⱝᯇຍᑑỤ䠈2011䠈᪥ᮏ䛾ᾮ≧໬ᒚṔ䝬䝑䝥䠈ᮾி኱Ꮫฟ∧఍䠈71 pp䠊
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