◊✲ࣀ࣮ࢺ᫬஦ⱥㄒࡢ኱Ꮫᩍ⛉᭩⦅⧩ࣉࣟࢭࢫ࡟㛵ࡍࡿ୍⪃ᐹຍࠉ⸨ࠉ㤶ࠉ⧊㸦⩻ヂᴗ㸧㸦⩻ヂᴗ㸧㸯㸬ࡣࡌࡵ࡟̿ࠕ᫬஦ⱥㄒࡢ⥲ྜ₇⩦ࠖ࡜ࡣ1970 ᖺ ௦ ࡼ ࡾ ᖺ ᗘ ∧ ห ⾜ ࡉ ࢀ ࡚ ࠸ ࡿࠕ ᫬ ஦ ⱥ ㄒ ࡢ ⥲ ྜ ₇ ⩦ ̿English for MassCommunicationࠖࡣࠊᨻ἞ࠊ⤒῭ࠊእ஺ࠊ㌷஦ࠊྖἲࠊ⛉Ꮫࠊࢫ࣏࣮ࢶ࡞࡝ࠊᖜᗈ࠸ศ㔝࡟ࢃࡓࡿ㐣ᖺᗘࡢ୺せࢽ࣮ࣗࢫグ஦࡟ゎㄝࡸㄒὀࠊタၥ࡞࡝ࢆ௜ࡋࡓ኱Ꮫ⏕⏝᫬஦ⱥㄒᩍ⛉᭩࡛࠶ࡿࠋᮏ᭩ࡣࠊⱥㄒࡢࢽ࣮ࣗࢫࢆṇ☜࡟⌮ゎ࡛ࡁࡿㄞゎຊࢆ㣴࠺࡜ඹ࡟ࠊࢽ࣮ࣗࢫⱥㄒࡢㄒᏛⓗ≉㉁࡟㛵ࡍࡿ▱㆑ࢆ῝ࡵࡿࡇ࡜ࢆ๰ห௨᮶ࡢᇶᮏ⌮ᛕ࡜ࡋ࡚࠸ࡿࠋ
㸰㸬◊✲ࡢ⫼ᬒ࡜┠ⓗࠉᮏ᭩ࡣ 2009 ᖺᗘ∧ࡼࡾ➹⪅ࢆྵࡴ 5 ྡࡀࡑࡢ⦅㞟࣭ᇳ➹࡟ᦠࢃࡗ࡚࠸ࡿࠋసᡂࣉࣟࢭࢫࡣࠊグ஦ࡢ㑅ᐃཬࡧຍᕤࠊタၥ࣭ㄒὀ࣭ࢽ࣮ࣗࢫゎㄝ࣭ᩍᤵ⏝㈨ᩱࡢసᡂࠊᰯṇ᫬ࡢ┦஫ࡢཎ✏ᰯ㜀࡞࡝࡛࠶ࡿࡀࠊ୍㐃ࡢసᴗࡢ୰࡛ẖᅇࠊᑡ࡞࠿ࡽࡠၥ㢟Ⅼ࡟┤㠃ࡋ࡚࠸ࡿࠋ␲ၥࡀ⏕ࡌࡓሙྜ࡟ࡣ⦅ⴭ⪅㛫᳨࡛ウࢆ㔜ࡡࠊ᫬࡟ࡣᑓ㛛ᐙࡸࢿ࢖ࢸ࢕ࣈࡢពぢࢆ⪺࠸࡚ゎỴࡋ࡚࠸ࡿࡀࠊࡇࢀࡲ࡛┤㠃ࡋࡓᩘࠎࡢၥ㢟Ⅼࡣᡃࠎ⦅ⴭ⪅㛫࡟㝈ࡗࡓᅛ᭷ࡢၥ㢟࡛ࡣ࡞ࡃࠊ୍⯡ࡢ᪥ᮏேⱥㄒᏛ⩦⪅࡟࡜ࡗ࡚ࡶ᫬஦ⱥㄒࡢᏛ⩦ୖ㌑ࡁࡸࡍ࠸Ⅼࡔ࡜ゝ࠼ࡿࡢ࡛ࡣ࡞࠸ࡔࢁ࠺࠿ࠋ᪥ࠎⱥㄒ࡟᥋ࡋ࡚࠸ࡿ⦅ⴭ⪅࡛ࡉ࠼␲ၥ࡟ᛮ࠺Ⅼࡣࠊᬑẁⱥㄒ࡟័ࢀぶࡋࢇ࡛࠸࡞࠸ࡼ࠺࡞Ꮫ⩦⪅࡟࡜ࡗ࡚ࡣᑦ᭦ࡔ࡜ᛮ࠺࠿ࡽ࡛࠶ࡿࠋࡑࡢࡼ࠺࡞ほⅬ࠿ࡽࠊᮏ✏࡛ࡣ 2009 ᖺᗘ∧࠿ࡽ 2011 ᖺᗘ∧ࡢᩍ⛉᭩సᡂࣉࣟࢭࢫ᳨࡛ウࡋࡓၥ㢟Ⅼࢆᐇ౛ࢆ㏻ࡋ࡚ศᯒ࣭ᴫほࡋࠊ᪥ᮏேࡀ᫬஦ⱥㄒࢆᏛ⩦ࡍࡿ࠺࠼࡛ఱࡀ㞀ᐖ࡜࡞ࡿ࠿ࢆ᳨ドࡍࡿ࡜ඹ࡟ࠊ௒ᚋ᪥ᮏࡢ᫬஦ⱥㄒᩍᮦ࡟ఱࡀồࡵࡽࢀࡿ࠿ࢆ⪃࠼࡚ࡳࡓ࠸ࠋ㸱㸬ศᯒࡢᑐ㇟࡜᪉ἲࠉࠕ᫬஦ⱥㄒࡢ⥲ྜ₇⩦ࠖ2009 ᖺᗘ∧㹼 2011 ᖺᗘ∧ࡢ⦅⧩సᴗࢆ㏻ࡌ࡚ၥ㢟࡜࡞ࡗࡓ⟠ᡤࢆෆᐜู࡟ 7 ࡘࡢ࢝ࢸࢦ࣮ࣜ࡟ศ㢮ࡋࡓ㸦ト 1㸧ࠋࠕၥ㢟࡟࡞ࡗࡓࠖ࡜ᐃ⩏ࡋࡓࡢࡣࠊ5 ྡࡢ⦅ⴭ⪅ࡢ࠺ࡕ」ᩘࡀ␗࡞ࡿぢゎࡸ␲ၥࢆᢪ࠸ࡓ⟠ᡤ࡛ࠊᩘᅇ࡟ཬࡪ᳨ウࡸㄪᰝࠊࢿ࢖ࢸ࢕ࣈ
ࢳ࢙ࢵࢡ࡞࡝ࢆ㏻ࡌ࡚ࡦ࡜ࡘࡢྜព࡟㐩ࡋࡓࡶࡢࠊ࡜ࡋࡓࠋ༢⣧࡞ゞṇࡣྵࡲ࡞࠸ࠋ㸲㸬ศᯒ⤖ᯝ࡜⪃ᐹࠉෆᐜูศ㢮⤖ᯝࠉࠉ2009 ᖺᗘ∧࠿ࡽ 2011 ᖺᗘ∧ࡲ࡛ࡢᩍ⛉᭩సᡂࣉࣟࢭࢫ࡟࠾࠸࡚ၥ㢟Ⅼ࣭␲ၥⅬ࡜ࡋ᳨࡚ウࡋࡓࡶࡢࡣྜィ 68 ⟠ᡤ࠶ࡾࠊෆᐜ࡟ࡼࡿᖺᗘูෆヂࡣ௨ୗࡢ㏻ࡾ࡛࠶ࡿࠋ

ຍࠉ⸨ࠉ㤶ࠉ⧊ࠉࠉࠉࠉࠉࠉࠉࠉࠉࠉࠉᩍ⛉᭩సᡂ㐣⛬࡛⏕ࡌࡓෆᐜ᳨ูウ⟠ᡤᩘࠉ౛ᖺࡢཎ✏సᡂసᴗ࡛ࡣࠊ⦅ⴭ⪅ྛ⮬ࡀࡑࢀࡒࢀ 2 ❶ࡎࡘᢸᙜࡋ㸦඲ 10 ❶㸧ࠊ3 㹼㸲ᅇ࡟
ࢃࡓࡿᰯṇసᴗ࡛┦஫ࡢཎ✏࡟┠ࢆ㏻ࡋពぢ஺᥮ࡍࡿࠊ࡜࠸࠺ᙧࢆ࡜ࡗ࡚࠸ࡿࠋ௒ᅇࡢศ㢮࡛ࡣึᰯ࠿ࡽ⬺✏ࡲ࡛ࡢᰯṇ㐣⛬࡛Ⓨ⏕ࡋࡓ᳨ウ஦㡯ࢆヱᙜ⟠ᡤ࡜ࡋ࡚ィ⟬ࡋࡓࠋ2009 ᖺᗘ∧ࡢྜィᩘࡀᑡ࡞ࡵ࡛࠶ࡿࡀࠊࡇࡢ∧ࡢࡳ๓௵⪅࠿ࡽ㏵୰࡛ᘬࡁ⥅ࡂࠊ⌧⾜ࡢసᴗయไ࡟࡞ࡗࡓ஦᝟ࡶ࠶ࡿ࠿ࡶࡋࢀ࡞࠸ࠋձࡢࠕ࿴ヂ࣭ⱥᩥࡢゎ㔘ࠖࡣࠊᩍᤵ⏝㈨ᩱࡢヨヂࢆసᡂࡍࡿ㐣⛬࡛⏕ࡌࡓၥ㢟Ⅼ࡛࠶ࡿࠋ࿴ヂࡢ᪥ᮏㄒ⾲⌧ࢆᕠࡗ࡚ࡢ㆟ㄽ࡟ຍ࠼ࠊཎᩥࡢⱥㄒࡢࢽࣗ࢔ࣥࢫ࡞࡝ⱥᩥゎ㔘ୖࡢ᳨ウ஦㡯ࡶྵࡵࡓࠋࡇࡢ㡯┠ࡢ᳨ウᩘࡣ 2010 ᖺᗘࠊ2011 ᖺᗘඹ࡟௚㡯┠࡟ẚ࡭⩌ࢆᢤ࠸࡚ከࡃࠊ
3 ᖺศࡢ⥲ィᩘࡢ༙ᩘ㏆ࡃࢆ༨ࡵ࡚࠸ࡿࠋղࡢࠕㄒὀ࣭ゎㄝࠖࡣࠊࢸ࢟ࢫࢺࡢⱥㄒࢽ࣮ࣗࢫ࡟௜ࡋ࡚࠸ࡿ༢ㄒ࣭⏝ㄒゎㄝࡸࢽ࣮ࣗࢫゎㄝࠊᩍᤵ⏝㈨ᩱࡢࠕࣂࢵࢡࢢࣛ࢘ࣥࢻゎㄝࠖ࡟ࡘ࠸᳨࡚ウࡋࡓ⟠ᡤ࡛࠶ࡿ㸦ト㸰㸧
ࠋ3 ᖺศࡢ᳨ウ⥲ィᩘࡣձࡢ༙ศ௨ୗ࡛ࡣ࠶ࡿࡶࡢࡢࠊẖᖺ୍ᐃᩘࡢ᳨ウ஦㡯ࡀᣲࡆࡽࢀ࡚࠸ࡿࠋճ௨ୗࡣᑡᩘ࡞ࡀࡽࡶࠊ࡯ࡰẖᖺఱ࠿ࡋࡽࡢၥ㢟Ⅼࡀฟ࡚᮶ࡿ஦㡯࡛࠶ࡿࠋճࡢࠕ࣊ࢵࢻࣛ࢖ࣥࠖࡣࠊ࣊ࢵࢻࣛ࢖ࣥࡢゎ㔘ࡸヂࡋ᪉࡞࡝࡟ࡘ࠸࡚ࠊմࡢࠕཎᩥグ஦ࡢಟṇ࣭ኚ᭦ࠖࡣࠊཎᩥࡢⱥᩥグ஦࡟࠾ࡅࡿ୙ṇ☜࡞グ㏙ࡸㄒἲⓗ࡟ၥ㢟ࡢ࠶ࡿⱥㄒࢆಟṇ࣭ኚ᭦ࡋࡓ౛ࠊյࡢࠕ⾲グ᪉ἲࠖࡣⱥㄒࡢ⾲グୖࡢၥ㢟Ⅼ࡟ࡘ࠸࡚ࡢ᳨ウ஦㡯࡛ࠊ኱ᩥᏐ࣭ᑠᩥᏐ⾲グ࡟ࡘ࠸࡚ࡢ᳨ウࡀከ࠿ࡗࡓࠋնࡢࠕ࿧⛠࣭ᅛ᭷ྡモࠖࡣࠊⱥㄒࡢࢽ࣮ࣗࢫグ஦࡟グ㍕ࡉࢀ࡚࠸ࡿ୍⯡ேࡢᅛ᭷ྡモࡸ࿧⛠ࠊᩗ⛠ࢆ࡝ࡢࡼ࠺࡟ࡍࡿ࠿ࠊ࡜࠸ࡗࡓ஦౛ࠊ୍౛ࡢࡳࡢշࠕᩥἲ࣭ㄒἲࠖࡣෙモࡢ᭷↓࡟ࡘ࠸࡚ࡢ␲ၥ࡛࠶ࡗࡓࠋࠉ஦౛ࡢ᳨ウᮏ✏࡛ࡣࠊ4.1 ࡛≉࡟ヱᙜᩘࡢከ࠿ࡗࡓ㡯┠ࡀࡉࡽ࡟᥀ࡾୗࡆ᳨࡚ウࡍࡿ࡟್ࡍࡿ࡜⪃࠼ࠊձ࿴ヂ࣭ⱥᩥࡢゎ㔘ࠊղㄒὀ࣭ゎㄝࡢ஧㡯┠࡟ࡘ࠸࡚ᐇ౛࡟ᇶ࡙ࡁලయⓗ࡟㏙࡭࡚࠸ࡁࡓ࠸ࠋ

᫬஦ⱥㄒࡢ኱Ꮫᩍ⛉᭩⦅⧩ࣉࣟࢭࢫ࡟㛵ࡍࡿ୍⪃ᐹձ ࿴ヂ࣭ⱥᩥࡢゎ㔘ࠉᮏᩍ⛉᭩࡛ࡣࠊᩍᤵ⏝㈨ᩱࡢࡣࡋࡀࡁ࡛ヨヂࡢࢫࢱࣥࢫ࡟ࡘ࠸࡚ḟࡢࡼ࠺࡟ᐃ⩏ࡋ࡚࠸ࡿࠋヂᩥࡢసᡂ࡟࠶ࡓࡗ࡚ࡣࠊᮏ᭩ࡀࢽ࣮ࣗࢫⱥㄒࢆᏛࡪࡓࡵࡢᩍ⛉᭩࡛࠶ࡿࡇ࡜ࢆ⪃៖ࡋ࡚ࠊࠕሗ㐨᪥ᮏㄒࠖࢆព㆑ࡋࡘࡘࡶࠊཎᩥ࡜ヂᩥࡢ㛵ಀࡀㄞࡳྲྀࡾ㞴ࡃ࡞ࡿࡼ࠺࡞
ពヂࡣ㑊ࡅࡿࡼ࠺࡟㓄៖ࡋࡲࡋࡓࠋ
ୖグࡣࡋࡀࡁ࡟᭩࠿ࢀ࡚࠸ࡿࡼ࠺࡟ࠊᮏ᭩ࡀ࿴ヂ࡛␃ពࡋ࡚࠸ࡿⅬࡣࠊⱥㄒࡢཎᩥ࡜࠿ࡅ
㞳ࢀࡓࠕሗ㐨᪥ᮏㄒࠖ࡟ࡏࡎࠊࡋ࠿ࡶ᫬஦᪥ᮏㄒ࡜ࡋ࡚㐪࿴ឤࡢ࡞࠸ᩥ❶࡟ࡍࡿࡇ࡜࡛࠶ࡿࠋⱥㄒࡢࢽ࣮ࣗࢫ࡜᪥ᮏㄒࡢࢽ࣮ࣗࢫࡣࡑࡶࡑࡶᵓ㐀ࡀ␗࡞ࡿࡓࡵࠊࡑࡢࡲࡲⱥㄒя᪥ᮏㄒࡢᅗᘧࡣᡂࡾ❧ࡓ࡞࠸ࠋࡘࡲࡾࠊⱥㄒࡢࢽ࣮ࣗࢫࢆࡑࡢࡲࡲ᪥ᮏㄒ࡟⛣ࡋ᭰࠼ࡿ࡜㐪࿴ឤࡢ࠶ࡿᩥ❶࡟࡞ࡗ࡚ࡋࡲ࠺ࡢ࡛࠶ࡿࠋࡑࡢࡓࡵࠊⱥㄒࡢᏛ⩦࡜࠸࠺➨୍ࡢ┠ⓗࢆ㜼ᐖࡋ࡞࠸ࡼ
࠺ᩥ❶ࡢᵓᡂ⮬యࡣ࡞ࡿ࡭ࡃኚ᭦ࡏࡎࠊヂᩥ࡜ࡋ࡚ࢃ࠿ࡾࡸࡍࡃࠊ᪥ᮏㄒ࡛ㄞࡴࢽ࣮ࣗࢫグ஦࡜ࡋ࡚ࡶྍ⬟࡞㝈ࡾ㐪࿴ឤࢆ୚࠼࡞࠸ヂࢆᚰ᥃ࡅ࡚࠸ࡿࠋࠉࠉࠉࠉ࿴ヂࡸⱥᩥゎ㔘࡟㛵ࡍࡿ᳨ウ஦㡯ࡣ኱ࡁࡃศࡅ࡚ࠕ⩻ヂ୍⯡࡟㏻ࡌࡿၥ㢟ࠖ࡜ࠕ᫬஦ⱥㄒ≉᭷ࡢၥ㢟ࠖ࡜࡟ศࡅࡽࢀࡿࠋ௒ᅇࡢศ㢮࡛ࡣࠊ࿴ヂ࣭ⱥᩥゎ㔘ࡢ⥲ྜ᳨ウᩘ 33 ⟠ᡤࡢ࠺ࡕࠊ๓⪅ࡀ 27 ⟠ᡤࠊᚋ⪅ࡀ 6 ⟠ᡤ࡛࠶ࡗࡓࠋ
௨ୗ࡛ࡣࠊ୧⪅ࡢᐇ౛ࢆᣲࡆࡘࡘၥ㢟࡜࡞ࡗࡓⅬ࡟ࡘ࠸࡚⪃࠼࡚࠸ࡁࡓ࠸ࠋ
ձ̺1㸬⩻ヂ୍⯡࡟㏻ࡌࡿၥ㢟ࠉࠕ⩻ヂ୍⯡࡟㏻ࡌࡿၥ㢟ࠖ࡜ࡣࠊグ஦ࡢᩥ⬦࠿ࡽⱥᩥࢆ࡝࠺ゎ㔘ࡍࡿ࠿࡜࠸ࡗࡓࡇ࡜ࡸࠊࢿ࢖ࢸ࢕ࣈ࡛࡞࠸࡜࡞࠿࡞࠿ศ࠿ࡽ࡞࠸ゝⴥࡢࢽࣗ࢔ࣥࢫࠊ㐺ษ࡞᪥ᮏㄒࡢゝ࠸ᅇࡋࡸ⾲⌧ἲ࡞࡝⥲ྜⓗ࡞ㅖၥ㢟࡟ࡘ࠸࡚࡛࠶ࡿࠋၥ㢟ゎỴ࡟ᙜࡓࡗ࡚ࡣࠊ㎡᭩ࡸ㛵ಀ᭩⡠ࠊཧ⪃㈨ᩱ
ࢆㄪ࡭ࡿࡇ࡜ࡀ୙ྍḞ࡛࠶ࡿࡀࠊㄪ࡭࡚ࡶศ࠿ࡽ࡞࠸ሙྜࠊ㏫࡟ㄪ࡭ࡓ஦ᐇ࡟ᘬࡗᙇࡽࢀࡍ
ࡂ࡚ඛධほࢆᣢࡕࠊㄗࡗࡓゎ㔘ࢆࡋ࡚ࡋࡲ࠺ሙྜࡶ࠶ࡿࠋࡋ࠿ࡋࠊࠕఱ࡜࡞ࡃศ࠿ࡗࡓࡼ࠺࡞Ẽ࡟࡞ࡗ࡚࠸ࡿࠖ᭕᫕࡞ⱥᩥゎ㔘ࡣࠊ࿴ヂ࡜࠸࠺సᴗࢆ⾜࠺ࡇ࡜࡟ࡼࡗ࡚⅝ࡾฟࡉࢀ࡚ࡃࡿࡇ࡜ࡀከ࠸ࠋࠉ௨ୗ࡟ᐇ౛ࢆᣲࡆࡿࠋ
㸦ᐇ౛ 1㸧
China is splashing out 28.6 billion yuan ( $4.2 billion) on the Expo itself, andmany billions more on other improvements for this city of 20 million. Freshly
painted buildings, new highways, subway lines and airport terminals

̿ allproclaim the country’s newfound status as a modern, increasingly affluent
industrial giant.
ୖグࡣୖᾏ୓༤㛤఍ᘧ࡟ࡘ࠸࡚ࡢグ஦ࡢ୍㒊࡛࠶ࡾࠊၥ㢟࡜࡞ࡗࡓࡢࡣୗ⥺㒊ศ͆Freshlypainted buildings͇ࡢヂࡋ᪉࡛࠶ࡿࠋ୍ぢ༢⣧ࡑ࠺࡟ぢ࠼ࡿ㒊ศࡔࡀࠊⱥㄒᮏ᮶ࡢゝⴥࡀໟྵࡍࡿෆᐜࢆཝᐦ࡟⾲⌧ࡍࡿࡓࡵ࡟ࡣ᪥ᮏㄒࡢ⾲⌧࡟ὀពࡍࡿᚲせࡀ࠶ࡿࠋຍࠉ⸨ࠉ㤶ࠉ⧊ࡲࡎ͆paint͇ࡢㄒ࡟ࡘ࠸࡚ oxford ⌧௦ⱥⱥ㎡඾ࡣḟࡢࡼ࠺࡟ㄝ᫂ࡋ࡚࠸ࡿࠋ
1㸬to cover a surface or object with paintࠉ
2㸬to make a picture or design using paints㸦3. ௨ୗ┬␎㸧ࡲࡓࠊ࣮ࣜࢲ࣮ࢬⱥ࿴㎡඾࡛ࡣ
1㸬㹼࡟࣌ࣥ࢟ࢆሬࡿࠊሬ⿦ࡍࡿ
ࠉ2㸬㸦⤮ල࡛㸧ᥥࡃࠊἜ⤮ [ Ỉᙬ ] ࡛ᥥࡃࠉ㸦ሬࡗ࡚㸧௙ୖࡆࡿࠊྲྀࡾ⧋࠺㸦4㸬௨ୗ┬␎㸧
3㸬㣭ࡿࠊ㹼࡟໬⢝ࡍࡿࠊ࡜ᐃ⩏ࡋ࡚࠸ࡿࠋ➹⪅ࡣࡇࢀࡽࡢ㎡᭩ࡢᐃ⩏࠿ࡽࠊ
͆freshly painted buildings͇ࡣࠕ࣌ࣥ࢟
ࢆሬࡗࡓࡤ࠿ࡾࡢᘓ≀ࠖࠊࡘࡲࡾࠕእቨࢆ᪂ࡓ࡟ሬࡾ᭰࠼ࡓᘓ≀ࠖࠊࠕ໬⢝┤ࡋࡋࡓࣅࣝࠖ࡞
࡝ࡢヂ࡛ࡣ࡝࠺࠿࡜⪃࠼ࡓࠋࡋ࠿ࡋࠊ
͆freshly painted buildings͇࡟ࡣࠕ᪂⠏ࡢࣅࣝࠖࡶྵࡲࢀࡿ࡜ᛮࢃࢀࠊ
ࡇࡢヂ࡛ࡣࠕࣅ
ࣝࡢሬࡾ᭰࠼ࠖ࡟ព࿡ࡀ㝈ᐃࡉࢀ࡚ࡋࡲ࠺ࡢ࡛ࡣ࡞࠸࠿ࠊ࡜ࡢᣦ᦬ࢆཷࡅࡓࠋୗ⥺㒊ࡢᚋ࡟͆new highways, subway lines and airport terminals͇͐࡜ࡢグ㏙ࡀ࠶ࡿࡇ࡜࠿ࡽᙜ↛᪂⠏ࡢᘓ≀ࡶከ࠿ࡗࡓ࡜ᛮࢃࢀࡿ࠿ࡽ࡛࠶ࡿࠋࡓࡔࠊᙜ᫬࣓ࢹ࢕࢔࡛ࡣୗグࡢࡼ࠺࡞ࢽ࣮ࣗࢫࡀሗ㐨ࡉࢀ࡚࠸ࡓࡇ࡜࠿ࡽࠊ➹⪅ࡣ
͆freshly painted͇࡟ࡣࠕ⾲㠃ⓗ࡟య⿢ࢆࡘࡅࡓࠖ࡜࠸࠺ࢽࣗ࢔ࣥࢫࡀྵࡲࢀࡿࡢ࡛ࡣ࡞࠸࠿࡜ࡢ༳㇟ࢆᣢࡗ࡚࠾ࡾࠊ͆painted͇࡟͆built͇ࡢព࿡ࡲ࡛ྵࡲࢀࡿࡢ࠿☜ಙࡀᣢ࡚࡞࠿ࡗࡓࠋ㛤ᖥ┤๓ࡢୖᾏ࡛ࡣࠕ࣓ࣥࢶᕤ஦ࠖ࡜࿧ࡤࢀࡿࡸࡗࡘࡅᕤ஦ࡀ⾜ࢃࢀ࡚࠸ࡓࠋࢥࣥࢡ࣮ࣜࢺࡴࡁฟࡋࡢྂ࠸࢔ࣃ࣮ࢺࡣ㸦୰␎㸧ฟ✌ࡂປാ⪅ࡀቨ࡟ࢭ࣓ࣥࢺࢆሬࡾࡘࡅ࡚࠸ࡿࠋᕤ஦ࡀ㐍ࢇࡔูᲷࡢእほࡣⷧ࠸ࢀࢇࡀⰍࡢὒ㢼ᘓ⠏࡟ᵝኚࢃࡾࡋ࡚࠸ࡓࠋ㸦୰␎㸧ᘓ≀ࡢ୰ࡣᬯࡃࠊቨ࡟ࡣட⿣ࡀ㉮ࡾࠊࢺ࢖ࣞࡢୗỈ⟶ࡣ◚⿣ࡋ࡚࠸ࡿࠋ୓༤఍ሙ࡬ྥ࠿࠺
኱㏻ࡾ࡛ࡣࠊ㐨㊰ᣑᙇࡢࡓࡵࠊ࢔ࣃ࣮ࢺࡀ༙ศ࡟ษ᩿ࡉࢀ࡚࠸ࡿࠋ㕲➽ࡴࡁฟࡋࡢ᩿㠃ࡣࠊ୓༤㛤ᖥࡲ࡛࡟ᨵ⿦ࡍࡿ࡜࠸࠺ࠋ㸦ࠕ୓༤㒔ᕷୖᾏࠉᛴᡂ㛗ࡢ⾤ࠊ㤶 ࢆ㉸࠼࡚ࠖᮅ᪥᪂⪺2010 ᖺ 4 ᭶ 1 ᪥㹼 3 ᪥㸧ࡑࡇ࡛ࠊ͆freshly painted buildings͇࡟ࡣ᪂⠏ࡢᘓ≀ࡶྵࡲࢀࡿࡢ࠿ࠊ࡜࠸࠺ࡇ࡜࡟ࡘ࠸
࡚ࢿ࢖ࢸ࢕ࣈ஧ྡࡢពぢࢆ⪺࠸ࡓࠋᅇ⟅ࡣḟࡢࡼ࠺࡞ࡶࡢ࡛࠶ࡗࡓࠋ
Native 1㸸 ͆Freshly painted buildings͇probably includes newly built buildings,
but main point is simply that many buildings have been recently painted ( or otherwise
renovated on the outside).
Native 2㸸༢࡟ࠕ࣌ࣥ࢟ሬࡾࡓ࡚ࠖࡔࡅࡢព࿡ࠋྂ࠸ࣅࣝࡶ࠶ࢀࡤ᪂ࡋ࠸ࣅࣝࡶ࠶ࡾᚓࡿࠋ࣏࢖ࣥࢺࡣྂ࠸࡜࠿᪂ࡋ࠸ࣅࣝ࡜࠸࠺ࡇ࡜ࡣ⪃៖ࡢእ࡟࠶ࡿၥ㢟࡛ࠊࡓࡔ༢࡟ࠕ࣌ࣥ࢟ሬࡾࡓ࡚ࠖࠋᚑࡗ࡚ࠕ໬⢝┤ࡋࠖࡶ࠶ࢀࡤࡑ࠺࡛࡞࠸ሙྜࡶ࠶ࡿࠋ㉁ၥ࡟ᑐࡍࡿ⟅࠼ࡣࠊ஧ྡ࡜ࡶ࡯ࡰྠࡌ࡛࠶ࡗࡓࠋ୰ᅜࡢ࣓ࣥࢶᕤ஦ࡢグ஦ࢆㄞࢇࡔᙳ㡪ࡶ࠶ࡗ࡚࠿ࠊ➹⪅ࡣࠕ࣌ࣥ࢟ࢆሬࡗࡓࡤ࠿ࡾࠖ࡜࠸࠺⾲⌧࠿ࡽࠕሬࡾ᭰࠼ࠖࢆ↓ព㆑࡟㐃᝿ࡋ࡚࠾ࡾࠊࠕ᪂⠏ࠖࡣព㆑ࡢእ࡟⨨࠸࡚ࡋࡲࡗࡓࡼ࠺࡟ᛮ࠺ࠋࡋ࠿ࡋࠊⱥㄒࡢព࿡ෆᐜࢆṇ᫬஦ⱥㄒࡢ኱Ꮫᩍ⛉᭩⦅⧩ࣉࣟࢭࢫ࡟㛵ࡍࡿ୍⪃ᐹ☜࡟⾲⌧ࡍࡿࡓࡵ࡟ࡣୗᅗࡢࡼ࠺࡟ࠊෆഃࡢ㞟ྜయ࡛࠶ࡿ͆newly built buildings͇ࢆࡶྵពࡍࡿ᪥ᮏㄒ⾲⌧ࢆࡋ࡞ࡅࢀࡤ࡞ࡽ࡞࠸ࡢ࡛࠶ࡿࠋ௚⦅ⴭ⪅࡜ࡢヰࡋྜ࠸ࡢᮎࠊヱᙜ⟠ᡤࡢ࿴ヂࡣࠕሬ⿦ࡶ᪂ࡓ࡞ࣅࣝࠖ࡜ࡋࡓࠋ

freshly painted buildings

newly built buildingsࡇࡇ᳨࡛ウࡋࡓ஦౛ࡣ୍ぢ༢⣧࡛࿴ヂࡋ࡞࠸㝈ࡾ≉࡟Ẽ࡟␃ࡵ࡞࠿ࡗࡓ⾲⌧࠿ࡶࡋࢀ࡞࠸ࠋࡋ࠿ࡋࠊ࿴ヂ࡜࠸࠺㐣⛬ࢆ⤒ࡓ࠾࠿ࡆ࡛ࠊࠕእቨࢆሬࡾ᭰࠼ࡓࠖ࡜࠸࠺ヂࡀ㝈ᐃⓗ࡛୙ṇ☜࡞⾲⌧࡛࠶ࡿࡇ࡜࡟Ẽ௜࠿ࡉࢀࡓࠋࠉ࿴ヂࡢࣉࣟࢭࢫ࡛ࡣゝⴥ࡟ᑐࡍࡿཝᐦࡉࡀせồࡉࢀࡿࠋⱥᩥࢆᚭᗏⓗ࡟ㄞࡳ㎸ࡳࠊ༢ㄒࡢ
ព࿡ࡸᩥ⬦ࠊࢽࣗ࢔ࣥࢫࠊ⫼ᬒ஦᝟࡞࡝ࢆ࠶ࡽࡺࡿ㠃࠿ࡽ᳨ウࡋ࡚᭱㐺࡞ヂㄒࢆぢࡘࡅࡿసᴗࡣࠊ᪥ᮏேⱥㄒᏛ⩦⪅ࡀṇ☜࡛῝࠸ෆᐜ⌮ゎࢆకࡗࡓㄞゎຊࢆ㌟࡟ࡘࡅࡿୖ࡛㠀ᖖ࡟᭷ຠ࡛ࡣ࡞࠸ࡔࢁ࠺࠿ࠋձ㸫 㸬᫬஦ⱥㄒ≉᭷ࡢၥ㢟ࠉⱥㄒࡢࢽ࣮ࣗࢫࢆ⩻ヂࡍࡿሙྜࠊヱᙜศ㔝ࡢᑓ㛛⏝ㄒࢆ▱ࡗ࡚࠾ࡃࡇ࡜ࡣ㠀ᖖ࡟㔜せ࡛࠶ࡿࠋ᪥ᖖⓗ࡞ࢥ࣑ࣗࢽࢣ࣮ࢩࣙࣥࡢሙྜࡣࡉࡲࡊࡲ࡞ヂㄒࡀᡂࡾ❧ࡘࡇ࡜ࡶከ࠸ࡀࠊࢽ࣮ࣗࢫⱥㄒ࡟ࡣࠕ஦ᐇࠖ࡜࠸࠺ṇゎࡀ࠶ࡾࠊ⨨ࡁ᥮࠼ࡿゝⴥ࡟ࡼࡗ࡚ࡣㄗヂ࡟㏻ࡌࡿྍ⬟ᛶࡀฟ࡚ࡃࡿ࠿ࡽ࡛࠶ࡿࠋ
௨ୗࡢᐇ౛ࡣ 2009 ᖺ࡟㡢ᴦࣉࣟࢹ࣮ࣗࢧ࣮ࡢᑠᐊဴဢẶࡀⴭసᶒブḭ⨥࡛ᇳ⾜⊰ண௜ࡁᠬᙺ 3 ᖺࡢุỴࢆཷࡅࡓグ஦ࡢ୍㒊࡛࠶ࡿࠋ㸦ᐇ౛ 2㸧
The judge said that the cheated investor, who was not identified, had since been
reimbursed with some 650 million yen, including settlement money, which thepresident of a leading music production company put up on Komuro’s behalf.
ࠉ౛࡜ࡋ࡚⪃࠼ࡓ࠸ࡢࡣୗ⥺㒊͆settlement money͇࡜࠸࠺ἲᚊ⏝ㄒࡢヂࡋ᪉࡛࠶ࡿࠋ
͆settlement money͇ࡣࠕ♧ㄯ㔠ࠊΎ⟬㔠ࠖ࡞࡝ࡢヂㄒࡀ୍⯡ⓗ࡛࠶ࡿࡀࠊࡇࡢሙྜࡣ㉳ッࡉࢀࡓᚋ࡟➨୕⪅ࡢ♫㛗ࡀᑠᐊẶࡢ௦ࢃࡾ࡟㏉῭ࡋࡓࠊ࡜࠸࠺グ஦࡞ࡢ࡛ࠊ
ࠕ೉ࡾࡓࡶࡢࢆ┦ᡭ࡟㏉ࡍࡇ࡜ࠊമົ⪅ࡲࡓࡣ➨୕⪅ࡀമົࡢෆᐜ࡛࠶ࡿ⤥௜ࢆᐇ⌧ࡋ࡚മᶒࢆᾘ⁛ࡉࡏࡿࡇ࡜ࠖࡢព࡛࠶ࡿࠕᘚ῭㔠ࠖࡀ㐺ᙜ࡞ࡢ࡛ࡣ࡞࠸࠿࡜⪃࠼ࡓࠋຍࠉ⸨ࠉ㤶ࠉ⧊ࡋ࠿ࡋࠊ⌧⫋ࡢ⿢ุᐁ஧ྡ࡟ᑜࡡࡓ࡜ࡇࢁࠊἲᚊᐙࡣࠕᘚ῭ࡍࡿࠖ࡜ືモ࡜ࡋ࡚⏝࠸ࡿࡇ࡜ࡀከࡃࠊࠕᘚ῭㔠ࠖ࡜࠸࠺ゝ࠸᪉ࡣࡋ࡞࠸࡜ࡢࡇ࡜ࡔࡗࡓࠋ㸦ト㸱㸧ࡲࡓࠊࡇ࠺࠸ࡗࡓ࠾㔠ࢆఱ࡜࿧ࡪ࠿࡜࠸࠺ࡢࡣࡑࢀࡒࢀࡢࢣ࣮ࢫ࡛ᙜ஦⪅ྠኈࡀ࡝ࡢࡼ࠺࡟ྲྀࡾỴࡵࡓ࠿࡟ࡼࡿࡢ࡛ࠊ୍ᴫ࡟ゝ࠼࡞࠸࡜࠸࠺ࠋ᪥ᮏࡢ᪂⪺࡛ࡣ࡝ࡢࡼ࠺࡟ሗ㐨ࡉࢀ࡚࠸ࡿ࠿ㄪ࡭ࡓ࡜ࡇࢁࠊࠕゎỴ㔠ࠖࠕ៘ㅰᩱࠖࠕ฼ᜥࠖࠕ㐜ᘏᦆᐖ㔠ࠖ࡞࡝࡜ࡉࡲࡊࡲ࡞࿧⛠࡛࿧ࡤࢀ࡚࠸ࡓࡇ࡜࠿ࡽ☜ᐇ࡞࿧⛠ࡣ୙᫂ࡔࡗࡓࡼ࠺࡛࠶ࡿࠋ࡛ࡣࠊᐇ౛㸰ࡢሙྜࠊ࡝࠺࠸ࡗࡓヂㄒࡀ㐺ษ࡞ࡢ࠿ࠋೃ⿵࡜ࡋ࡚⪃࠼ࡓࡢࡣࠕ♧ㄯ㔠ࠊΎ⟬㔠ࠊゎỴ㔠ࠊ࿴ゎ㔠࡛ࠖ࠶ࡿࠋࡇࡢ࠺ࡕࡢ࡝ࡢゝⴥ࡟⨨ࡁ᥮࠼ࡿ࠿ࡣࠊ᪥ᮏㄒࡢゝⴥࡢᐃ⩏ࡸグ஦ࡢෆᐜ࡞࡝ࡶ⪃៖ࡋ࡚㑅ᐃࡋ࡞ࡅࢀࡤ࡞ࡽ࡞࠸ࠋ㸦ト㸲㸧ࠉࠕ♧ㄯ㔠ࠖ͐Ẹ஦ୖࡢ⣮தࢆἲᚊୖࡢᡭẁࢆྲྀࡿࡇ࡜࡞ࡃࠊᙜ஦⪅ࡢヰࡋྜ࠸➼࡛ゎỴࡍࡿሙྜ࡟ᙜ஦⪅㛫࡛ᤵཷࡉࢀࡿ㔠㖹ࡢࡇ࡜ࠋࠕΎ⟬㔠ࠖ͐ᙜ஦⪅㛫ࡢ㛵ಀࢆΎ⟬ࡍࡿ㝿࡟ᨭᡶ࠺㔠㖹ࠋẸ஦⿢ุୖࡢ࿴ゎ࡛ࡣ࠶ࡲࡾ౑ࢃ࡞࠸ࠋࠕゎỴ㔠ࠖ͐ࠕ࿴ゎ㔠ࠖ࡜࡯ࡰྠࡌࠋᙜ஦⪅㛫࡛മᶒമົࡢᏑᅾ୙Ꮡᅾࢆၥࢃࡎࠊ㔠㖹ࢆᨭᡶ࠺ࡇ࡜୍࡛ษࡢ⣮தࢆ࡞ࡋ࡟ࡋࡼ࠺࡜ࡍࡿࡶࡢࠋ⿢ุᡤࡢ࿴ゎ࡛ࡼࡃ౑࠺ࠋࠉ௒ᅇࡢࢣ࣮ࢫ࡟ࡘ࠸࡚⪃࠼ࡿ࡜ࠊᑠᐊẶࡀᢞ㈨ᐙ࠿ࡽ 5 ൨෇ࢆࡔࡲࡋྲྀࡾࠊ➨୕⪅࡛࠶ࡿ㡢ᴦࣉࣟࢲࢡࢩࣙࣥࡢ♫㛗ࡀ͆settlement money͇ࢆྵࡵ⣙ 6 ൨ 5 ༓୓෇ࢆ⫪௦ࢃࡾࡋ࡚㏉῭ࡋࡓࠊ࡜࠸࠺஦௳࡞ࡢ࡛ࠊ
ࠕΎ⟬㔠ࠖࠕࠊ♧ㄯ㔠ࠖࡣࡩࡉࢃࡋࡃ࡞࠸ࡼ࠺࡟ᛮࢃࢀࡿࠋࡑࡇ࡛ࠕ࿴ゎ㔠ࠖࠕゎỴ㔠ࠖࡀヂㄒ࡜ࡋ࡚㐺ษ࡛࠶ࢁ࠺࡜⪃࠼ࡓࠋࠉ๓ฟࡢ⿢ุᐁ࡟☜ㄆࡋࡓ࡜ࡇࢁࠊሙྜ࡟ࡼࡗ࡚ࡣࠕ♧ㄯ㔠ࠖࡶྍ࡛࠶ࡿࡀࠊୖグ 4 ࡘࡢゝⴥ࠿ࡽ㑅ࡪ࡜ࡍࢀࡤࠕ࿴ゎ㔠ࠖࠊࠕゎỴ㔠ࠖᙜࡓࡾࡀጇᙜ࡛ࡣࠊ࡜ࡢពぢ࡛࠶ࡗࡓࠋ௨ୖࡢࡇ
࡜࠿ࡽࡇࡢሙྜࡢ͆settlement money͇ࡢヂㄒࡣࠕ࿴ゎ㔠ࠖࠊᡈ࠸ࡣࠕゎỴ㔠࡛ࠖၥ㢟࡞࠸ࡢ࡛ࡣ࡞࠸࠿࡜ࡢ⤖ㄽ࡟㐩ࡋࡓࠋࠉ௒ᅇࡢࢣ࣮ࢫࡢࡳ࡞ࡽࡎࠊᑓ㛛ⓗศ㔝ࡢグ஦ࡢ⩻ヂ࡟࠾࠸࡚ࡣ㎡᭩ࡢࡳࡢᐃ⩏࡟㢗ࡗ࡚ヂㄒࢆỴࡵࡿࡇ࡜ࡣ㞴ࡋ࠸ࠋ⫼ᬒ᝟ሗࡸᑓ㛛ⓗ▱㆑ࡀከࡅࢀࡤከ࠸࡯࡝ᩘ࠶ࡿヂㄒࡢ୰࠿ࡽ㐺ㄒࢆ㑅ᐃࡍࡿࡇ࡜ࡀᐜ᫆࡟࡞ࡿࡔࢁ࠺ࠋⱥㄒᏛ⩦⪅ࡀⱥᩥࢆヂㄞࡍࡿሙྜࠊ㎡᭩࡛༢ㄒࡢព
࿡ࢆㄪ࡭࡚ᩥ❶඲యࡢព࿡ࢆᢕᥱࡍࡿࡇ࡜ࡀከ࠸࡜ᛮࢃࢀࡿࡀࠊᩘከࡃࡢヂㄒࡀ⪃࠼ࡽࢀࡿࢣ࣮ࢫ࡛ࡣ኱ពࢆᢕᥱࡋ࡚࠿ࡽ༢ㄒࡢヂㄒࢆỴࡵࡿࠊ࡜࠸࠺㏫ࡢࣉࣟࢭࢫࡶᚲせ࡟࡞ࡿࡇ࡜
ࢆᣦ᦬ࡋ࡚࠾ࡃᚲせࡀ࠶ࡿࡔࢁ࠺ࠋղ ㄒὀ࣭ゎㄝㄒὀࡢศ㔞ࡢከࡉࠊゎㄝࡢヲࡋࡉࡣᮏ᭩ࡢ≉ᚩࡢࡦ࡜ࡘ࡛࠶ࡾࠊ≉࡟ຊࢆධࢀ࡚࠸ࡿ㒊ศ࡛࠶ࡿࠋⱥㄒ࡟㛵ࡍࡿㄝ᫂ࡣ໚ㄽࡢࡇ࡜࡛࠶ࡿࡀࠊᑓ㛛▱㆑ࡀ࡞ࡃ࡜ࡶㄞࡵࡿࡼ࠺㓄៖ࡋࡓᑓ㛛⏝ㄒࡢゎㄝࡸⱥㄒࢽ࣮ࣗࢫ࡟≉᭷࡞⾲⌧ࠊࢽ࣮ࣗࢫࡢ⫼ᬒ஦᝟ࡢㄝ᫂ࡣࠊ┤᥋ࢽ࣮ࣗࢫ
グ஦ࢆㄞࡴሙྜ࡟ࡣᚓࡽࢀ࡞࠸฼Ⅼ࡛࠶ࡿ࡜⪃࠼ࡿࠋࠕㄒὀ࣭ゎㄝࠖࡢ㡯┠࡟࠾ࡅࡿ᳨ウ஦㡯ࢆࡉࡽ࡟ෆᐜู࡟ศ㢮ࡍࡿ࡜ࠊࠕ⫼ᬒ▱㆑࡟㛵ࡍࡿ᫬஦ⱥㄒࡢ኱Ꮫᩍ⛉᭩⦅⧩ࣉࣟࢭࢫ࡟㛵ࡍࡿ୍⪃ᐹࡶࡢࠖࠊࠕⱥㄒ⾲⌧࡟㛵ࡍࡿࡶࡢࠖࠊࠕㄒἲ࡟㛵ࡍࡿࡶࡢࠖࡢ 3 ࡘ࡟ศࡅࡽࢀࡓࠋ᳨ウ஦㡯 14⟠ᡤࡢ࠺ࡕࠊ⫼ᬒ᝟ሗࡢゎㄝࡀ 8 ⟠ᡤࠊⱥㄒ⾲⌧ࡢㄝ᫂ࡀ 4 ⟠ᡤࠊㄒἲࡢㄝ᫂ࡀ 2 ⟠ᡤ࡛࠶ࡗࡓࠋ௨ୗ࡛ࡑࢀࡒࢀ࡟ࡘ࠸࡚஦౛࡟ᇶ࡙ࡁㄝ᫂ࡋ࡚࠸ࡁࡓ࠸ࠋղ㸫 㸬⫼ᬒ▱㆑࡟㛵ࡍࡿࡶࡢ㸦ᐇ౛ 3㸧
Investigators had been trying to find Mr.Shahzad after determining that hewas the man who bought a Nissan Pathfinder from a Connecticut woman lastmonth and had parked it just off Broadway on Saturday night packed with gasoline,propane, fertilizer and reworks.
ୖグࡣ 2010 ᖺ 5 ᭶࡟ࢽ࣮࣮ࣗࣚࢡࡢࢱ࢖࣒ࢬࢫࢡ࢚࢔࡛㉳ࡁࡓࢸࣟᮍ㐙஦௳࡟ࡘ࠸࡚ࡢ
グ஦ࡢᢤ⢋࡛࠶ࡿࠋၥ㢟࡜࡞ࡗࡓࡢࡣୗ⥺㒊ࡢ͆fertilizer͇ࡀලయⓗ࡟ఱࢆព࿡ࡋ࡚࠸ࡿ࠿࡜࠸࠺ࡇ࡜࡟ࡘ࠸࡚࡛࠶ࡿࠋ
ࡇࡢㄒ࡟ࡘ࠸࡚ GENIUS ⱥ࿴㎡඾ࡣࠕ1㸬⫧ᩱࠊ໬Ꮫ⫧ᩱࠉ2㸬⫧Ỻ࡟ࡍࡿே㸦≀㸧3㸬ཷ⢭፹௓⪅㸦≀㸧ࠖࠊOxford ᪂ⱥⱥ㎡඾ࡣࠊ
ࠕa chemical or natural substance added to soilor land to increase its fertilityࠖ࡜ㄝ᫂ࡋ࡚࠸ࡿࠋ
௨ୖࡢ㎡᭩ࡢᐃ⩏࠿ࡽࡍࡿ࡜͆fertilizer͇ࡣࠕ⫧ᩱࠖ࡜⪃࠼ࡽࢀࡿࢃࡅࡔࡀࠊ㌴୧ࢆ⇿◚ࡋࡼ࠺࡜ࡋࡓᐜ␲⪅ࡀ㌴୧ࡢ୰࡟✚㍕ࡋࡓࡶࡢࡀࠕ࢞ࢯࣜࣥࠊࣉࣟࣃࣥ࢞ࢫࠊ⫧ᩱ࡜ⰼⅆࠖ࡜࠸࠺ࡢ࡛ࡣ⭊࡟ⴠࡕ࡞࠸ヂ࡜࡞ࡗ࡚ࡋࡲ࠺ࠋ᪥ᮏࡢ᪂⪺グ஦ࡶㄪ࡭࡚ࡳࡓࡀࠊfertilizer ࡑࡢࡶࡢ࡟ྜ⮴ࡍࡿࡼ࠺࡞᪥ᮏㄒࡢグ㏙ࡣぢᙜࡓࡽ࡞࠿ࡗࡓࠋᩥ⬦ࡼࡾⓎⅆࢆಁࡍࡓࡵࡢఱ࠿
࡛࠶ࡿࡇ࡜ࡣぢᙜࡀࡘࡃࢃࡅࡔࡀࠊࡇࡇ࡛ࡣࠕ⫧ᩱࠖ࡜ࠕⓎⅆࠖ࡟㛵㐃ࡍࡿࡼ࠺࡞ࠕṇゎࠖࡢヂㄒࢆ᥈ࡍᚲせ࡟㏕ࡽࢀࡓࠋᐇ౛㸱࡛ࡣࠊඹⴭ⪅ࡢඛ⏕࠿ࡽࠕ͆fertilizer͇࡜ࡣࠊ⫧ᩱ࡛⇿ᙎࡢཎᩱ࡜ࡋ࡚ࡶ౑ࢃࢀࡿ◪㓟࢔ࣥࣔࢽ࣒࢘ࡢࡇ࡜ࡔࠖ࡜ࡢຓゝࡀ࠶ࡾࠊࠕ⫧ᩱࠖࡢព࿡ࡍࡿࡶࡢࢆゎ᫂ࡍࡿࡇ࡜ࡀ࡛ࡁࡓࠋࡓࡔࡋࠊࠕ◪㓟࢔ࣥࣔࢽ࣒࢘ࠖ࡜ヂㄒࡔࡅ᭩࠸ࡓࡢ࡛ࡣᏛ⩦⪅ࡣ࠾ࡑࡽࡃ⌮ゎ࡛ࡁ࡞࠸࡜ᛮࢃࢀࡿࡓࡵࠊㄝ᫂ࡀᚲせ࡛࠶ࢁ࠺ࠋᮏ᭩࡛ࡣࠊ[͆fertilizer͇ࡣࠕ⫧ᩱࠖࡢពࡔࡀࠊᮏᩥ࡛ࡣ⫧ᩱ࡛⇿⸆࡜ࡋ࡚ࡶ౑ࢃࢀࡿ◪㓟࢔ࣥࣔࢽ࣒࢘ࡢࡇ࡜ࢆᣦࡋ࡚࠸ࡿ ] ࡜ࡢゎㄝࢆຍ࠼ࡓࠋࡇࡢ஦౛ࡢࡼ࠺࡟ࠊⱥㄒࢽ࣮ࣗࢫ࡛ࡣ᪤ᐃࡢヂㄒࡢ⠊␪ࢆ㉸࠼ࡓ⾲⌧ࡶࡋࡤࡋࡤⓏሙࡍࡿࠋࡑࡢሙྜ࡟ࡣ㛵㐃ࡍࡿ࡜ᛮࢃࢀࡿᑓ㛛ศ㔝࡟ࡲ࡛ど㔝ࢆᗈࡆࠊ㐺ษ࡞ヂㄒࢆ᥈ࡋฟࡍᚲせࡀฟ࡚ࡃࡿࠋྍ⬟࡛࠶ࢀࡤᑓ㛛ᐙࡢពぢࢆ⪺ࡃࡇ࡜ࡀゎỴ࡬ࡢ᪩㐨࡛࠶ࢁ࠺ࠋղ㸫 㸬ⱥㄒ⾲⌧࡟㛵ࡍࡿࡶࡢ㸬ㄒἲ࡟㛵ࡍࡿࡶࡢ㸦ᐇ౛ 4㸧
Kazuyoshi Miura, 60, had already been convicted in Japan in 1994 of the murderof his wife, Kazumi Miura, but that (1) verdict was overturned by the country’s (2)high courts 10 years ago.

ຍࠉ⸨ࠉ㤶ࠉ⧊ୖグࡣ୕ᾆ࿴⩏Ặࡀ 27 ᖺ๓࡟≢ࡋࡓጔࡢẅᐖᐜ␲࡛㐊ᤕࡉࢀࡓグ஦ࡢ୍㒊࡛࠶ࡿࠋࡇࡇ
࡛ࡣୗ⥺㒊 (1)͆verdict͇ࢆࠕⱥㄒ⾲⌧࡟㛵ࡍࡿࡶࡢࠖࠊୗ⥺㒊㸦2㸧͆high courts͇ࢆࠕㄒἲ
࡟㛵ࡍࡿࡶࡢࠖࡢ஦౛࡜ࡋ࡚ヲࡋࡃ㏙࡭࡚࠸ࡁࡓ࠸ࠋ
ࡲࡎୗ⥺㒊㸦1㸧ࡢ͆verdict͇ࡣࠊ᪥⡿࡛ไᗘࡀ␗࡞ࡿࡓࡵ࡟ᐇ᝟࡜ࡣ␗࡞ࡿゝⴥࡀ⏝࠸ࡽࢀ࡚࠸ࡿ౛࡛࠶ࡿࠋ
͆verdict͇࡜ࡣࠕ㝙ᑂဨࡢホỴࠖ࡜࠸࠺ព࿡࡛࠶ࡿࡀࠊࡇࡢグ஦ࡢሙྜࡣ⿢ุᐁࡀୗࡋࡓ
ࠕุỴࠖ࡞ࡢ࡛ࠊᮏ᮶࡞ࡽࡤ͆judgment͇ࡢ᪉ࡀ┦ᛂࡋ࠸࡛࠶ࢁ࠺ࠋࡋ࠿ࡋࠊ⿢ุไᗘࡑࡢ
ࡶࡢࡀ᪥⡿࡛ࡣ␗࡞ࡿࡓࡵࠊᾏእࡢㄞ⪅࡟ࢃ࠿ࡾࡸࡍ࠸ࡼ࠺࠶࠼࡚グ⪅ࡀࡇࡢゝⴥࢆ⏝࠸ࡓྍ⬟ᛶࡶ࠶ࡿࠋᡈ࠸ࡣグ⪅⮬㌟ࡀ᪥⡿ࡢྖἲไᗘࡢ㐪࠸ࢆᛕ㢌࡟⨨࠿ࡎࠊࡇࡢゝⴥࢆ౑⏝ࡋࡓ࡜ࡶ⪃࠼ࡽࢀࡿࠋᾏእࡢ࣓ࢹ࢕࢔ࡀ᪥ᮏࡢࢽ࣮ࣗࢫࢆሗ㐨ࡍࡿሙྜࠊ஦ᐇ࡜ࡣ␗࡞ࡿグ㏙ࡸ୙㐺ᙜ࡞⾲⌧ࢆࡍࡿࡇ࡜ࡶᑡ࡞ࡃ࡞࠸ࠋ᪥ᮏࡢᏛ⩦⪅࡟ᑐࡋ࡚ࡣࡑ࠺ࡋࡓ஦᝟࡟ࡘ࠸࡚ㄝ
᫂ࡍࡿᚲせࡀ࠶ࡿࡔࢁ࠺ࠋࡉࡽ࡟ࠊ୧⪅ࡢ⿢ุไᗘࡢ㐪࠸ࢆㄝ᫂ࡋࡓୖ࡛⏝ㄒࡢゎㄝࢆࡍࡿ࡜ࠊ௒ᚋྖἲ㛵ಀࡢグ஦ࢆㄞࡴ㝿࡟ᙺ❧ࡘࡢ࡛ࡣ࡞࠸ࡔࢁ࠺࠿ࠋḟ࡟ㄒἲ࡟㛵ࡍࡿ஦౛࡛࠶ࡿࡀࠊၥ㢟࡜࡞ࡗࡓࡢࡣୗ⥺㒊㸦2㸧͆high courts͇ࡀ࡞ࡐ」ᩘ
ᙧ࡟࡞ࡗ࡚࠸ࡿ࠿࡜࠸࠺ࡇ࡜࡟ࡘ࠸࡚࡛࠶ࡿࠋ᪥ᮏㄒ࡛ࡣ༢ᩘ࠿」ᩘ࠿࡜࠸࠺ࡇ࡜ࡀᩥ❶ୖ᫂☜࡞㐪࠸࡜࡞ࡗ࡚⾲ࢀ࡞࠸ࡇ࡜࠿ࡽࠊⱥᩥࢆㄞࡴ㝿࡟ࡶ༢ᩘᙧ࣭」ᩘᙧࡢ㐪࠸࡟↓㡻╔࡟࡞ࡾࡀࡕ࡛࠶ࡿࠋࡲࡓࠊ㥆ᰁࡳࡀⷧ࠸ࡓࡵ࡟⌮ゎࡋ࡙ࡽ࠸ၥ㢟ࡢࡦ࡜ࡘ࡛ࡶ࠶ࡿࡔࢁ࠺ࠋࡇࡢ஦౛ࡢ⫼ᬒ஦᝟ࢆࡲࡎㄝ᫂ࡋࡓ࠸ࠋ୕ᾆẶࡣࣟࢫ␲ᝨ࡜ࡋ࡚▱ࡽࢀࡿጔẅᐖ஦௳࡟ࡘ࠸࡚ࠊ୍ᑂ࡛᭷⨥࡜࡞ࡗࡓࡀ 1998 ᖺࡢ஧ᑂࡢᮾி㧗➼⿢ุᡤ࡛㏫㌿↓⨥࡜࡞ࡾࠊ2003 ᖺࡢ᭱㧗⿢ุᡤ࡛↓⨥ࡀ☜ᐃࡋࡓࠋࡇࡢ஦ᐇ࠿ࡽ⪃࠼ࡿ࡜ࠊୖグ஦౛ࡢ͆high courts͇ࡣࠊ↓⨥࡜࡞ࡗࡓᮾி㧗➼⿢ุᡤ࡜᭱㧗⿢ุᡤࡢ୧᪉ࢆព࿡ࡋ࡚࠸ࡿࡢ࡛ࡣ࡞࠸࠿࡜᥎ᐹࡉࢀࡿࠋࡋ࠿ࡋࠊ┤ᚋ࡟͆10 years ago͇࡜࠸࠺ゝⴥࡀ⥆࠸࡚࠸ࡿࡇ࡜࠿ࡽ㸦グ஦ࡣ 2008 ᖺࡢࡶࡢ㸧ࠊ͆high courts͇ࡣࠕ஧ᑂࡢᮾி㧗➼⿢ุᡤࠖࡢࡳࢆᣦࡋ࡚࠸ࡿ࡜⪃࠼ࡽࢀࡿࡢ࡛࠶ࡿࠋ࡛ࡣࠊ࡞ࡐ」ᩘᙧ࡛᭩࠿ࢀ࡚࠸ࡿࡢ࠿ࠊ࡜࠸࠺ၥ㢟࡛࠶ࡿࡀࠊ࠸ࡃࡘ࠿ࡢ⏝౛࡟㚷ࡳࡿ࡜ᾏእ࡛ࡣ࡝ࡇࡢ⿢ุᡤ࠿ࢆ≉ᐃࡏࡎ୍⯡ⓗ࡟ゝ࠺ሙྜࡸ୍ᅜࡢᶵ㛵㸦institution㸧࡜ࡋ࡚ㄝ᫂ࡍࡿ᫬࡟ࡣ」ᩘᙧ࡛⏝࠸ࡿࡇ࡜ࡀከ࠸ࡼ࠺࡛࠶ࡿࠋ㸦ト 5㸧࡛ࡣࠊ࡞ࡐ Tokyo High Court ࡜≉ᐃࡏࡎ୍⯡ⓗ࡞࿧ࡧ᪉ࢆࡋ࡚࠸ࡿࡢ࠿ࠊ࡜࠸࠺ࡇ࡜࡛࠶ࡿࡀࠊ᪥⡿࡛ࡣ⿢ุᡤࡢࢩࢫࢸ࣒ࡀ␗࡞ࡾ஧ᑂ࡟࠶ࡓࡿ⿢ุᡤࡢ࿧ࡧ᪉ࡀ␗࡞ࡿ࡜࠸࠺஦ᐇࡀ⌮⏤࡜ࡋ࡚ᣲࡆࡽࢀࡿࡢ࡛ࡣ࡞࠸࠿ࠋ⡿ᅜࡣ㐃㑥⿢ุᡤ࡜ᕞ⿢ุᡤ࡟ศ࠿ࢀ࡚࠾ࡾࠊ᪥ᮏࡢ㧗➼⿢ุᡤ࡟ᙜࡓࡿ➨஧ᑂࡣ high court ࡛ࡣ࡞ࡃ courts of appealࠊᡈ࠸ࡣ appeal court࡜࿧ࡤࢀࡿࠋ᪥ᮏࡣࠕᮐᖠ㧗➼⿢ุᡤࠖࠊࠕ⚟ᒸ㧗➼⿢ุᡤࠖࡢࡼ࠺࡟ᆅྡࢆ๓࡟௜ࡅࡿ࿧ࡧ᪉ࡀ୍⯡ⓗࡔࡀࠊ㐃㑥⿢ุᡤ࡛ࡣᆅྡ࡛ࡣ࡞ࡃ๭ࡾᙜ࡚ࡽࢀࡓᆅ༊ࡢ␒ྕ࡛࿧ࡪࡢࡀ୍⯡ⓗ࡛࠶ࡿࠋ㸦ト 6㸧ࡑࡢࡼ࠺࡞㐪࠸࡟ຍ࠼ࠊTokyo ࡜࠸࠺ᆅྡࡀᾏእࡢㄞ⪅࡟࡜ࡗ࡚ࡣࡑࢀ࡯࡝㔜せ࡛࡞࠸࡜ᛮࢃࢀࡿࡇ࡜࠿ࡽࠊᆅྡ࡞ࡋࡢ୍⯡ⓗ࿧⛠࡟ࡋࡓࡢ࡛ࡣ࡞࠸ࡔࢁ࠺࠿ࠋࡇࡢ஦౛ࡢࡼ࠺࡞Ꮫᰯⱥᩥἲ࡛ࡣ༑ศ࡟ㄝ᫂ࡉࢀ࡚࠸࡞࠸ㄒἲୖࡢၥ㢟࡟ࡘ࠸࡚ࡣㄪᰝ➼ࢆ㏻ࡋ࡚᥎ ࡍࡿࡋ࠿࡞࠸ሙྜࡶከࡃࠊ῝ධࡾࡋࡍࡂࡿ࡜༷ࡗ࡚Ꮫ⏕ࡢΰ஘ࢆᣍࡃᜍࢀࡶ࠶ࡿࠋᏛ⏕ࡢᑓ㛛ศ㔝ࡸⱥㄒ⩦ᚓࡢ┠ⓗࠊⱥㄒࡢ⌮ゎᗘ࡞࡝࡟ࡼࡗ࡚ࠊ࡝ࡢ⛬ᗘゝཬࡍ࡭ࡁ࠿ุ᩿ࡋࡓ᪉ࡀࡼ࠸ሙྜࡶ࠶ࡿࡔࢁ࠺ࠋゎㄝࡢ➨୍⩏ⓗ┠ⓗࡣ࠶ࡃࡲ࡛ࡶⱥᩥࢸࢡࢫࢺࡢㄞゎࢆຓࡅࡿᶫΏࡋⓗᙺ๭࡛࠶ࡿ࠿ࡽ࡛࠶ࡿࠋ᫬஦ⱥㄒࡢ኱Ꮫᩍ⛉᭩⦅⧩ࣉࣟࢭࢫ࡟㛵ࡍࡿ୍⪃ᐹ㸳㸬⤊ࢃࡾ࡟௨ୖࠊᩍ⛉᭩⦅⧩ࣉࣟࢭࢫ࡟࠾ࡅࡿ࿴ヂ࣭ⱥᩥゎ㔘࡜ㄒὀ࣭ゎㄝసᡂࡢ஦౛ࢆ㏻ࡋࠊ࡝ࡢࡼ࠺࡞ၥ㢟ࡀ᪥ᮏேⱥㄒᏛ⩦⪅ࡢ㞀ቨ࡜࡞ࡿ࠿࡟ࡘ࠸࡚⪃࠼࡚ࡁࡓࠋ࢖ࣥࢱ࣮ࢿࢵࢺࡀ᪥ᖖ⏕ά࡛୙ྍḞࡢࢶ࣮ࣝ࡜࡞ࡾ௻ᴗ࡛ࡣⱥㄒࡢබ⏝໬ࡀ㐍ࡴ୰ࠊ᪥ᮏㄒࢆ௓ࡉࡎⱥㄒࢽ࣮ࣗࢫࢆ┤᥋᝟ሗ※࡜ࡋ࡞ࡅࢀࡤ࡞ࡽ࡞࠸᫬௦ࡀࡍ࡛࡟᮶࡚࠸ࡿ࡜ゝࡗ࡚ࡶ㐣ゝ࡛ࡣ࡞࠸ࡔࢁ࠺ࠋ⌧ᅾࠊⱥㄒࢽ࣮ࣗࢫࢆㄞࡴᚲ↛ᛶࠊࢽ࣮ࢬࡣࡇࢀࡲ࡛࡟࡞ࡃ኱ࡁࡃ࡞ࡗ࡚࠸ࡿ࡜ᛮࢃࢀࡿࠋࡋ࠿ࡋࠊࡑ࠺࠸ࡗࡓ⌧≧࡟ࡶ࠿࠿ࢃࡽࡎࠊ୍⯡ࡢ᪥ᮏே࡟࡜ࡗ࡚ⱥㄒࡢࢽ࣮ࣗࢫࡀ㌟㏆࡟࡞ࡗ࡚࠸ࡿ࡜ࡣゝ࠸㞴࠸ࠋ⾨ᫍᨺ㏦ࡸ࢖ࣥࢱ࣮ࢿࢵࢺ࡛ᾏእࡢࢽ࣮ࣗࢫ࡟ᐜ᫆࡟࢔ࢡࢭࢫ࡛ࡁࡿ࡟ࡶ࠿࠿ࢃࡽࡎࠊ᪥ᮏㄒࡢࢽ࣮ࣗࢫ࡜ྠᵝ࡟ᾏእࡢࢽ࣮ࣗࢫ࡟ࡶ᪥ࠎゐࢀ࡚࠸ࡿ࡜࠸࠺᪥ᮏேࡣỴࡋ࡚ከࡃ࡞࠸ࡢ࡛ࡣ࡞࠸ࡔࢁ࠺࠿ࠋࡑࢀࡣࡘࡲࡾࠊⱥㄒࡢࢽ࣮ࣗࢫ࡟࢔ࢡࢭࢫ࡛ࡁࡿ⎔ቃࡀ࡝ࢀࡔࡅᩚ࠾࠺࡜ࡶࠊⱥㄒࡢࢽ࣮ࣗࢫࡀ⌧ᅾࡶ࡞࠾ࠊ୍⯡ࡢ᪥ᮏே࡟࡜ࡗ࡚ᩜᒃࡀ㧗࠸࡜࠸࠺ࡇ࡜ࡢ⾲ࢀ࡛ࡣ࡞࠸࠿࡜⪃࠼ࡿࠋᏛᰯࡢⱥㄒᩍ⫱࡛ᢅࢃࢀ࡚࠸࡞࠸᫬஦ⱥㄒ≉᭷ࡢ⾲⌧ࡸᑓ㛛ⓗゝ࠸ᅇࡋࡢ㞴ゎࡉ࡞࡝ࡀ࡜ࡗ
ࡘࡁ࡟ࡃࡉࡢせᅉ࡜࡞ࡗ࡚࠸ࡿࡢ࠿ࡶࡋࢀ࡞࠸ࠋࡑ࠺࠸ࡗࡓ㞀ቨࢆྲྀࡾ㝖ࡃࡓࡵ࡟ࡣⱥㄒࢽ࣮ࣗࢫ࡜᪥ᮏேⱥㄒᏛ⩦⪅ࡢ㛫ࡢᶫΏࡋ࡜࡞ࡿࡼ࠺࡞Ꮡᅾࡀᚲせ࡛࠶ࡿࠋࠉᅗ㸯ࠉᅗ㸯ࠉ᫬஦ⱥㄒࡢ⌮ゎ฿㐩ᗘู㢟ᮦ᫬஦ⱥㄒࡢ⌮ゎ฿㐩ᗘู㢟ᮦࠉࠉࠉࠉࠉࠉࠉࠉࠉࠉࠉࠉࠉࠉࠉࠉ㞴᫆ᗘࠉࠉࠉࠉࠉࠉࠉࠉࠉࠉࠉࠉࠉゎㄝከࠉЋdifcult Ѝゎㄝᑡࠉࠉࠉࠉࠉࠉࠉࠉࠉࠉࠉࠉࠉࠉࠉࠉࠉࠉeasyᅗ㸯ࠕ᫬஦ⱥㄒࡢ⌮ゎ฿㐩ᗘู㢟ᮦࠖࢆᇶ࡟⪃࠼ࡿ࡜ࠊ᫬஦ⱥㄒ⌮ゎࡢ᭱⤊┠ᶆࡀྑୖࡢ
ḍ (A)ࠊࡘࡲࡾ඲ࡃゎㄝࡢ࡞࠸ᮏ≀ࡢࣁ࣮ࢻࢽ࣮ࣗࢫグ஦ࢆ⮬ศ࡛ㄞࡴࡇ࡜ࡔ࡜ࡍࢀࡤࠊ(A)ࡢ┠ᶆᆅⅬ࡟฿㐩ࡍࡿ࡟ࡣゎㄝࡢ࠶ࡿᩍᮦ㸦B㸧ࢆ஦๓࡟Ꮫࡪࡇ࡜ࡀᮃࡲࡋ࠸ࠋ᫬஦ⱥㄒᏛ
⩦ࡢẁ㝵࡜ࡋ࡚ࡣࠊ
ࠕゎㄝࡀከࡃෆᐜࡶẚ㍑ⓗᐜ࡛᫆ࠖ࠶ࡿ㸦D㸧ࡢࠕࢯࣇࢺࢽ࣮ࣗࢫࢆᢅຍࠉ⸨ࠉ㤶ࠉ⧊ࡗࡓᩍ⛉᭩ࠖЍࠕゎㄝࡀ࡞ࡃෆᐜࡀẚ㍑ⓗᐜ࡛᫆ࠖ࠶ࡿ㸦C㸧ࡢࠕᮏ≀ࡢ soft news グ஦ࠖЍࠕゎㄝࡀከࡃẚ㍑ⓗ㞴᫆ᗘࡀ㧗࠸ࠖ㸦B㸧ࡢࠕࣁ࣮ࢻࢽ࣮ࣗࢫࢆᢅࡗࡓᩍ⛉᭩ࠖЍࠕゎㄝ࡞ࡋ࡛㞴᫆ᗘࡢ㧗࠸ࠖ㸦A㸧ࡢࠕᮏ≀ࡢ hard news グ஦ࠖ࡜࠸࠺㡰ᗎࢆ㋃ࡴࡇ࡜ࡀ⌮᝿ⓗ࡛ࡣ࡞࠸ࡔࢁ࠺࠿ࠋ
ࠉࡑࡇ࡛ᅗ㸯ࡢ㸦B㸧ࠊ
㸦D㸧࡟ヱᙜࡍࡿ኱Ꮫᩍ⛉᭩ࡢ⌧ᅾࡢฟ∧஦᝟ࢆㄪ࡭࡚ࡳࡓ࡜ࡇࢁࠊ኱Ꮫⱥㄒᩍ⛉᭩༠఍ࢧ࢖ࢺ࡟ᥖ㍕ࡉࢀ࡚࠸ࡿ᫬஦ⱥㄒᩍ⛉᭩ᩘࡣ 197 ࡛࠶ࡗࡓࠋᴫせ࠿ࡽุ᩿ࡍࡿ㝈ࡾ࡛ࡣࠊhard news ࢆ୰ᚰ࡟⦅㞟ࡋࡓᩍ⛉᭩ࡣᩘ෉⛬ᗘ࡛࠶ࡾࠊsoft news ࢆᢅࡗࡓᩍ⛉᭩ࡀ኱༙ࢆ༨ࡵ࡚࠸ࡓࠋࡲࡓࠊᮏᩍ⛉᭩ࠕ᫬஦ⱥㄒࡢ⥲ྜ₇⩦̿English for Mass Communicationࠖࡢฟ∧ඖ࡛࠶ࡿᮅ᪥ฟ∧♫ࡀห⾜ࡋ࡚࠸ࡿ᫬஦ⱥㄒࡢᩍ⛉᭩ࡣ୺࡟ḟࡢ 5 ෉࡛࠶ࡾࠊࡑࡢࢩ࢙࢔ࡢෆヂࡣ
௨ୗࡢ㏻ࡾ࡛࠶ࡿࠋ
ࠉࠉࠉࠉࠉࠉᮅ᪥ฟ∧♫ࡀห⾜ࡍࡿ᫬஦ⱥㄒᩍ⛉᭩ࡢ኎ୖࢩ࢙࢔
ᮅ᪥ฟ∧♫ࡀห⾜ࡍࡿ᫬஦ⱥㄒᩍ⛉᭩ࡢ኎ୖࢩ࢙࢔
ࠉࠉࠉࠉࠉ1㸬ࢽ࣮ࣗࢫ࣓ࢹ࢕࢔ࡢⱥㄒࠉ
㸦29.4㸣㸧
ࠉࠉࠉࠉࠉ2㸬CNN ࣅࢹ࡛࢜ぢࡿୡ⏺ࡢࢽ࣮ࣗࢫࠉ
㸦22.3㸣㸧
ࠉࠉࠉࠉࠉ3㸬᫬஦ⱥㄒࡢ⥲ྜ₇⩦᫬஦ⱥㄒࡢ⥲ྜ₇⩦ࠉ㸦20.7㸣㸧
ࠉࠉࠉࠉࠉ4㸬1/2 ∧㸸ࢽ࣮ࣗࢫ࣓ࢹ࢕࢔ࡢⱥㄒࠉ
㸦20.1㸣㸧
ࠉࠉࠉࠉࠉ5㸬ࡣࡌࡵ࡚ࡢⱥᏐ᪂⪺ࠉ
㸦7.5㸣㸧ୖグ㸯㸪㸰㸪㸲ࡣ soft news ࢆ୰ᚰ࡜ࡋࡓᵓᡂ࡟࡞ࡗ࡚࠾ࡾࠊ㸳ࡣ࣊ࢵࢻࣛ࢖ࣥ࡜࣮ࣜࢻࡢ
⌮ゎ࡟≉໬ࡋࡓෆᐜ࡜࡞ࡗ࡚࠸ࡿࠋhard news ୰ᚰࡢᩍ⛉᭩ࡣᮏ᭩ࡢࡳ࡛࠶ࡗࡓࠋࡘࡲࡾࠊ
soft news ࢆᢅࡗࡓᩍ⛉᭩ࡀ඲యࡢ 71.8㸣ࢆ༨ࡵ࡚࠸ࡿࡇ࡜࡟࡞ࡿࠋฟ∧ࡉࢀ࡚࠸ࡿ soft news ࢆ୰ᚰ࡜ࡋࡓᩍ⛉᭩ࡢ㞴᫆ᗘࡣࡉࡲࡊࡲ࡛࠶ࢁ࠺࡜ᛮࢃࢀࡿࡀࠊ⌧ᅾ᪥ᮏࡢ኱Ꮫ࡛ᢅࡗ࡚࠸ࡿ᫬஦ⱥㄒࡢᩍ⛉᭩ࡢ୺ὶࡣᅗ㸯ࡢ㸦D㸧࡟ᙜࡓࡿࡶࡢ࡛࠶ࡾࠊ
㸦B㸧࡟ヱᙜࡍࡿෆᐜᵓᡂࡢᩍ⛉᭩ࡣ㠀ᖖ࡟ᑡ࡞࠸ࡇ࡜ࡀ❚࠼ࡿࠋࢢ࣮ࣟࣂࣝ♫఍࡛㏻⏝ࡍࡿࡼ࠺࡞ⱥㄒࡢ㐠⏝⬟ຊࢆ㌟࡟௜ࡅࡿ࡟ࡣࠊẁ㝵ࢆ㏣ࡗ࡚⌮ゎࢆ῝ࡵ࡚࠸ࡃࡇ࡜ࡀ⫢せ࡛࠶ࡿࠋⱥᏐ᪂⪺ࡢࢺࢵࣉグ஦ࢆṇࡋࡃ㎿㏿࡟⌮ゎࡋࠊ⮬ࡽࡢ⪃࠼ࡶⓎಙ࡛ࡁࡿࡼ࠺࡞᭱⤊ẁ㝵ࡲ࡛೫ࡾ࡞ࡃⱥㄒᩍᮦࢆᥦ౪ࡍࡿࡇ࡜ࡀ᪥ᮏࡢ᫬஦ⱥㄒᩍ⫱࡟࡜ࡗ࡚୙ྍḞ࡛࠶ࡿ࡜ゝ࠼ࡿࡢ࡛ࡣ࡞࠸ࡔࢁ࠺࠿ࠋ㸨ᮏ✏࡛ࡣ➹⪅ࡀᢸᙜࡋࡓ❶ࡢ஦౛ࢆ୰ᚰ࡟ྲྀࡾୖࡆࡓࡀࠊᩍ⛉᭩సᡂࣉࣟࢭࢫ࡛ࡣඹⴭ⪅ㅖẶ࡟ከࡃࡢࡈຓゝࢆ࠸ࡓࡔ࠸࡚⤖ㄽ࡟⮳ࡗࡓࠋ௜ࡋ࡚ㅰពࢆ⾲ࡋࡓ࠸ࠋト㸦1㸧ᮏ✏ࡣ 2010 ᖺ 10 ᭶ 9 ᪥࡟⾜ࢃࢀࡓ᪥ᮏⱥㄒࢥ࣑ࣗࢽࢣ࣮ࢩࣙࣥᏛ఍➨ 19 ᅇᖺḟ኱఍ࡢሗ࿌Ⓨ⾲ࢆᇶ࡟ຍ➹ࠊ෌ᵓᡂࡋࡓࡀࠊ௒ᅇࡣⓎ⾲᫬࡟ࡣྵࡲ࡞࠿ࡗࡓᩍᤵ⏝㈨ᩱࡢヨヂ࡟ࡘ࠸࡚ࡶゝཬࡋࡓࠋ㸦2㸧ࢸ࢟ࢫࢺࡢࠕࢽ࣮ࣗࢫゎㄝࠖཬࡧᩍᤵ⏝㈨ᩱࡢࠕࣂࢵࢡࢢࣛ࢘ࣥࢻゎㄝࠖࡣ 2011 ᖺᗘ∧࡛᪂タࡉࢀࡓࠋ᫬஦ⱥㄒࡢ኱Ꮫᩍ⛉᭩⦅⧩ࣉࣟࢭࢫ࡟㛵ࡍࡿ୍⪃ᐹ㸦3㸧ࢧࣥࢣ࢖ࢫ࣏࣮ࢶࡀࡇࡢ஦௳ࡢグ஦࡛ࠕᘚ῭㔠ࠖ࡜࠸࠺ゝⴥࢆ౑⏝ࡋ࡚࠸ࡓࡀࠊ࢖ࣥࢱ࣮ࢿࢵࢺ᳨࡛⣴ࡋࡓ࡜ࡇࢁࠊࡸࡣࡾṇᘧ࡞ἲᚊ⏝ㄒ࡜ࡋ࡚ࠕᘚ῭㔠ࠖ࡜࠸࠺ゝⴥࡣ౑⏝ࡉࢀ࡚࠸࡞࠸ࡼ࠺࡛࠶ࡗࡓࠋࡓࡔࠊẸ㛫ࡢࢡࣞࢪࢵࢺ࣮࢝ࢻ఍♫࡞࡝࡛ࡣࠕᘚ῭㔠ࠖ࡜࠸࠺ゝⴥࢆ౑ࡗ࡚࠸ࡿࠋ
㸦4㸧4 ࡘࡢゝⴥࡢᐃ⩏ࡣ᪤ฟ⿢ุᐁ࡟ㄝ᫂ࢆồࡵ࡚ᚓࡓ㏉⟅࡛࠶ࡿࠋ㸦5㸧 ౛ ࠼ ࡤࠊ 㐃 㑥 ⿢ ุ ᡤ㸦United States Courts㸧 ཬ ࡧ ࣐ ࢧ ࢳ ࣗ ࣮ ࢭ ࢵ ࢶ ᕞ ᘚ ㆤ ኈ ఍㸦Massachusetts Bar Association㸧ࡢ࣮࣒࣮࣍࣌ࢪ࡛ࡣ」ᩘᙧࡀ౑⏝ࡉࢀ࡚࠸ࡿࠋࡲࡓࠊ᪥ᮏ⿢ุᡤࡢ࢙࢘ࣈࢧ࢖ࢺࡢⱥㄒ∧ࡢㄝ࡛᫂ࡶ」ᩘᙧࡀ⏝࠸ࡽࢀ࡚࠸ࡿࠋ
㸦6㸧౛࠼ࡤ࣐ࢧࢳ࣮ࣗࢭࢵࢶᕞࡢ㐃㑥㧗➼⿢ุᡤࡣ United States Court of Appeals for
the First Circuit ࡛࠶ࡿࠋཧ⪃ᩥ⊩⸨ ஭ ❶ 㞝ࠊ ຍ ⸨ 㤶 ⧊ࠕ ᫬ ஦ ⱥ ㄒ ࡢ ⥲ ྜ ₇ ⩦ ̿English for Mass Communication, 2009Editionࠖᮅ᪥ฟ∧♫ᇼỤὒᩥࠊຍ⸨㤶⧊ࠊᑠす࿴ஂࠊᐑᓮಟ஧ࠊෆ㔝ὈᏊࠕ᫬஦ⱥㄒࡢ⥲ྜ₇⩦̿English for
Mass Communication, 2010 Editionࠖᮅ᪥ฟ∧♫ᇼỤὒᩥࠊຍ⸨㤶⧊ࠊᑠす࿴ஂࠊᐑᓮಟ஧ࠊෆ㔝ὈᏊࠕ᫬஦ⱥㄒࡢ⥲ྜ₇⩦̿English for
Mass Communication, 2011 Editionࠖᮅ᪥ฟ∧♫ᐑᮏ೔ዲࠊఀ⸨඾ᏊࠊR. ࣃ࢚࢘ࣝࠉ
ࠕࢽ࣮ࣗࢫ࣓ࢹ࢕࢔ࡢⱥㄒ̿English through the NewsMedia 2007 Editionࠖᮅ᪥ฟ∧♫㛵す኱Ꮫⱥㄒᩍ⫱◊✲఍ࠕCNNࠉࣅࢹ࡛࢜ぢࡿୡ⏺ࡢࢽ࣮ࣗࢫ̿ENGLISH FOR THE
GLOVAL AGE WITH CNN Vol.8ࠖᮅ᪥ฟ∧♫⚄ᮏᛅග㸦2010㸧ࠕࡣࡌࡵ࡚ࡢⱥᏐ᪂⪺̿How to Read Newspaper Headlinesࠖᮅ᪥ฟ∧♫ཧ⪃ࢧ࢖ࢺ
United States Courts㸦㐃㑥⿢ุᡤ࣮࣒࣮࣍࣌ࢪ㸧http://www.uscourts.gov/Home.aspx
Massachusetts Bar Association㸦࣐ࢧࢳ࣮ࣗࢭࢵࢶᕞᘚㆤኈ఍࣮࣒࣮࣍࣌ࢪ㸧
http://www.massbar.org/
⿢ุᡤ࢙࢘ࣈࢧ࢖ࢺ㸦COURTS IN JAPAN㸧
http://www.courts.go.jp/english/system/system.html
኱Ꮫⱥㄒᩍ⛉᭩༠఍㸦Association of English Textbook Publishers㸧www.daieikyo.jp