᪥ᮏᩍ⫱ᕤᏛ఍ࠉ 㻞㻜㻞㻟 ᖺ᫓Ꮨ඲ᅜ኱఍⤫ィゎᯒ⛉┠䜢㞴䛧䛔䛸⪃䛘䜛₯ᅾⓗ䛺⌮⏤䛾᳨ウ㻌
Examination of potential reasons why students find statistical analysis courses difficultᏳ㒊 ೺ኴ*1 *2࣭ᖹᒸ ᩧኈ*1Kenta ABE*1࣭Naoshi HIRAOKA *1*1 ⇃ᮏ኱Ꮫ኱Ꮫ㝔ᩍᤵࢩࢫࢸ࣒Ꮫᑓᨷ࣭*2 ᖇி኱Ꮫ㧗➼ᩍ⫱㛤Ⓨࢭࣥࢱ࣮
*1 Graduated School of Instructional Systems, Kumamoto University*2 Center for Teaching and Learning, Teikyo University㸺࠶ࡽࡲࡋ㸼 ⤫ィゎᯒ⛉┠ࢆᏛࡪᏛ⏕࡬ࡢᣦᑟࢆຠᯝⓗ࣭ຠ⋡ⓗ࡟ࡍࡿࡓࡵ࡟ࠊᵝࠎ࡞ᕤኵࡀ࡞ࡉࢀ࡚࠸ࡿࡀࠊゎỴ࡟ࡣ⮳ࡗ࡚࠸࡞࠸ࡼ࠺࡟ᛮࢃࢀࡿࠋࡑࡇ࡛ᮏ✏࡛ࡣࠊࡇࢀࡲ࡛࡟ฟ∧ࡉࢀࡓ⤫ィゎᯒ࡟㛵ࡍࡿ᭩⡠ࡢ࠶ࡽࡍࡌࢆᑐ㇟࡟㸪⤫ィ⛉┠ࡀ㞴ࡋ࠸₯ᅾⓗ࡞⌮⏤ࢆ᳨ウࡍࡿࡇ࡜ࢆ┠ⓗ࡜ࡋࡓࠋ ௳ࡢࢸ࢟ࢫࢺࡢ࠶ࡽࡍࡌ࠿ࡽ  ࡢᴫᛕ࡜  ࡘࡢ࢝ࢸࢦ࣮ࣜࢆᢳฟࡋࠊ⤫ィゎᯒ⛉┠ࢆ㞴ࡋ࠸࡜⪃࠼ࡿ⌮⏤ࢆ᳨ウࡋࡓࠋᢳฟࡋࡓㄢ㢟ࢆ㋃ࡲ࠼ࠊ௒ᚋࡢᒎᮃࢆᩚ⌮ࡋࡓࠋ㸺࣮࣮࢟࣡ࢻ㸼 ࠶ࡽࡍࡌ㸪㉁ⓗศᯒ㸪࢝ࢸࢦ࣮ࣜ㸯㸬ࡣࡌࡵ࡟ ࣅࢵࢢࢹ࣮ࢱࡢά⏝࡟ࡼࡾࠊ᪂ࡋ࠸౯್ࢆ⏕ࡳฟࡍ᪉ἲ࡜ࡋ࡚ࢹ࣮ࢱࢧ࢖࢚ࣥࢫࡀὀ┠ࢆ㞟ࡵ࡚ஂࡋ࠸ࠋࢹ࣮ࢱࢧ࢖࢚ࣥࢫࢆᏛ⏕ࡀᏛࡪୖ࡛ࠊ⤫ィゎᯒ⛉┠ࡣᚲ㡲ࡢࢫ࢟ࣝࡢࡦ࡜ࡘ࡜࠸࠼ࡿࠋࡋ࠿ࡋࠊࡋࡤࡋࡤ⤫ィゎᯒ⛉┠ࡣᏛ⏕࡟࡜ࡗ࡚㞴ࡋ࠸⛉┠ࡢࡦ࡜ࡘ࡟఩⨨௜ࡅࡽࢀࡿࠋ
7DQ ࡽ  ࡟ࡼࡿ࡜ࠊ⤫ィゎᯒ⛉┠ࡣࠕ㏥ᒅ࡛㞴ࡋ࠸⛉┠ࠖࡸࠕ୙Ᏻࢆឤࡌࡿ⛉┠ࠖ࡜࠸ࡗࡓ༳㇟ࢆཷࡅࡿ⛉┠ࡢࡦ࡜ࡘ࡜ࡉࢀࡿࠋ౽฼࡞⤫ィゎᯒࢶ࣮ࣝࡢ㛤Ⓨ࡟క࠸ࠊຠ⋡ⓗ࡞ฎ⌮ࡀ࡛ࡁࡿࡼ࠺࡟࡞ࡗࡓ୍᪉࡛ࠊࡑࡢᜠᜨࢆཷࡅࡿࡢࡣ◊✲⪅ࡸᐇ㊶⪅ࡔࡅ࡛ࠊᤵᴗࡢ୰࡛Ꮫ⏕ࡀᏛ⩦ࡍࡿࡇ࡜࡟ࡣἼཬࡋ࡚࠸࡞࠸ࡼ࠺࡟ឤࡌࡿࠋ
7DQ ࡽ  ࡣࡲࡓࠊ⤫ィฎ⌮⛉┠ࡀ㞴ࡋ࠸⛉┠࡟఩⨨௜ࡅࡽࢀࡿ⌮⏤࡜ࡋ࡚ࠊ:LOVRQ ࡢ ᖺࡢㄽᩥࢆᘬ⏝ࡋࠊࠕ⤫ィᏛࡢᤵᴗ࡟ࡣ␗࡞ࡿᩘᏛⓗ⬟ຊࢆᣢࡘᏛ⏕ࡀཧຍࡍࡿࡇ࡜ࡀከ࠸ࡓࡵࠊᡂ⦼ࡢప࠸Ꮫ⏕࡜㧗࠸Ꮫ⏕ࡢ୧᪉ࡢࢽ࣮ࢬ࡟ᑐᛂࡍࡿࡇ࡜ࠊࡍ࡭࡚ࡢᏛ⏕࡟࡜ࡗ࡚⯆࿡῝ࡃ㐺ษ࡞Ꮫ⩦ᩍᮦࢆタィࡍࡿࡇ࡜ࡀ࡜ࡃ࡟ᅔ㞴࡛࠶ࡿࠖ࡜࠸ࡗࡓᩍ⫱⪅ࡢどⅬ࠿ࡽࡢ㞴ࡋࡉࡶᣦ᦬ࡋ࡚࠸ࡿࠋ➹⪅ࡽࡀᢸᙜࡍࡿ⤫ィゎᯒ⛉┠ࡶࠊ࠸ࢃࡺࡿᩍ㣴⛉┠ࡢࡦ࡜ࡘ࡛࠶ࡾࠊᒚಟᏛ⏕ࡢศ㔝ࡸ⩦⇍ᗘࡣ኱ࡁࡃ␗࡞ࡿࠋ⤫ィゎᯒ⛉┠ࡣࠊᏛ⏕ࡔࡅ࡛࡞ࡃࠊᩍ⫱⪅࡟࡜ࡗ࡚ࡶࠊ㞴ࡋࡉࢆぬ࠼ࡿ⛉┠࡜࠸࠼ࡿࠋ
ࡇࡢࡼ࠺࡞⤫ィゎᯒ⛉┠ࡢᅔ㞴ࡉࡺ࠼࡟ࠊᵝࠎ࡞Ꮫ⩦ࡢ௙᥃ࡅࡀ⪃᱌ࡉࢀ࡚ࡁࡓࠋࡓ࡜࠼ࡤࢥࣥ࣌ᙧᘧ㸦㕥ᮌ㸧ࡸᐇ♫఍ࡢࢩࢼࣜ࢜࡟ゐࢀࡿࢺ࣮ࣞࢽࣥࢢ㸦6KDUS ࡽ㸧ࡢࡼ࠺࡟ᐇ㊶᪉ἲࢆᕤኵࡍࡿࡶࡢࡸࠊḷࢆྲྀࡾධࢀࡓᐇ㊶
㸦/HVVVHUࡽ㸧ࡶ⤂௓ࡉࢀ࡚࠸ࡿࠋ⤫ィゎᯒࢶ࣮ࣝࡸ⤫ィゎᯒࡢཧ⪃᭩ࡀከᩘฟ∧ࡉࢀ࡚࠸ࡿࡇ࡜ࡶࠊᕤኵࡢ୍ࡘ࡜࠸࠼ࡿࡔࢁ࠺ࠋࡋ࠿ࡋ࡞ࡀࡽࠊᵝࠎ࡞ᕤኵࡀ࡞ࡉࢀ࡚࠸ࡿ࡟ࡶ࠿࠿ࢃࡽࡎ⤫ィゎᯒ⛉┠ࡢ㞴ࡋࡉࡣゎᾘ࡟⮳ࡗ࡚࠸࡞࠸ࡼ࠺࡟ᛮࢃࢀࡿࠋከᩘࡢⰋ᭩ࡀห⾜ࡉࢀ࡚ࡶ㞴ࡋࡉࡀゎᾘࡉࢀ࡞࠸⌮⏤࡜ࡋ࡚ࠊ➹⪅ࡽࡣࠊ⤫ィ⛉┠ࡢ㞴ࡋࡉ࡟ࡘ࠸࡚㐺ษ࡞ᢕᥱࡀ࡞ࡉࢀ࡚࠸࡞࠸ࡇ࡜ࡀཎᅉ࡛ࡣ࡞࠸࠿࡜⪃࠼ࡓࠋ㸬┠ⓗᮏ✏࡛ࡣࠊ⤫ィゎᯒ⛉┠ࢆᏛࡪᏛ⏕࡬ࡢᣦᑟࢆຠᯝⓗ࣭ຠ⋡ⓗ࡟ࡍࡿ௙᥃ࡅࢆ㛤Ⓨࡍࡿᡭࡀ࠿ࡾ࡜ࡋ࡚ࠊ⤫ィゎᯒ⛉┠ࡢᏛ⩦ࡢ㞴ࡋࡉࢆᘬࡁ㉳ࡇࡍ₯ᅾⓗ࡞⌮⏤ࢆ᳨ウࡍࡿࡇ࡜ࢆ┠ⓗ࡜ࡋࡓࠋ㸬᪉ἲ࠶ࡽࡍࡌ࡟ࡣࠊ᭩⡠ࡢᴫ␎࡜࡜ࡶ࡟ࠊⴭ⪅ࡀ᭩⡠ࢆห⾜ࡋࡓ⌮⏤ࡸ⫼ᬒࡀグ㍕ࡉࢀ࡚࠸ࡿࠋⴭ⪅ࡢ୰࡟ࡣࠊ➹⪅ࡽ࡜ྠᵝ࡟⤫ィゎᯒ⛉┠ࡢᢸᙜ⤒㦂ࢆ࡜࠾ࡋ࡚⤫ィゎᯒ⛉┠ࡢㄢ㢟࡟Ẽ࡙ࡁࠊࢸ࢟ࢫࢺࡢᇳ➹࡟࠸ࡓࡗࡓࢣ࣮ࢫࡶከ࠸ࠋ࠶ࡽࡍࡌࡢ
ඹ㏻Ⅼࢆ᥈⣴ࡍࡿࡇ࡜࡛ࠊ㞴ࡋࡉࡢ₯ᅾⓗ࡞⌮⏤ࢆ᫂ࡽ࠿࡟࡛ࡁࡿࡢ࡛ࡣ࡞࠸࠿࡜⪃࠼ࡓࠋࡑࡇ࡛ᮏ✏࡛ࡣࠊ⤫ィゎᯒࢆࢸ࣮࣐࡜ࡍࡿ᭩⡠  ௳ࢆᑐ㇟࡜ࡋࠊᢤࡁฟࡋࡓཎᩥࡈ࡜࡟ᴫᛕࢆᩚ⌮ࡋࡓࠋ㻙㻌㻡㻣㻌㻙㻞㻜㻞㻟 ᖺ 㻟 ᭶ 㻞㻡 ᪥㸦ᅵ㸧 㻜㻥㻦㻞㻜㻌ࠥ㻌㻝㻜㻦㻡㻜㻝㻙㻿㻜㻞㻮㻠ᢳฟࡋࡓᴫᛕࢆศ㢮ࡋ࡚⤫ィゎᯒ⛉┠ࡢ₯ᅾⓗ࡞⌮⏤ࢆ࢝ࢸࢦ࣮ࣜ࡟ศ㢮ࡋࡓࠋ㸬⤖ᯝ ࡢᴫᛕࡀᢳฟࡉࢀࠊᢳฟࡉࢀࡓᴫᛕࢆ  ࢝ࢸࢦ࣮ࣜ࡟ศ㢮ࡋࡓ㸦ᅗ  ཧ↷㸧ࠋ⾲  ࡣ㸪࢝ࢸࢦ࣮ࣜࡈ࡜ࡢグ㏙౛ࢆᩚ⌮ࡋࡓࡶࡢ࡛࠶ࡿࠋ⤫ィฎ⌮⛉┠ࢆᏛ⩦ࡍࡿ㞴ࡋࡉࡣࠊᏛ⩦⪅ᮏேࡔࡅ࡛࡞ࡃࠊㅮᖌ࡟ࡶㄢ㢟ࡀ࠶ࡿࡇ࡜ࡀ♧၀ࡉࢀࡓࠋ㸬⪃ᐹ࡜ᒎᮃᮏ✏࡛ࡣࠊ⤫ィゎᯒ⛉┠ࡢᣦᑟࢆຠᯝⓗ࣭ຠ⋡ⓗ࡟ࡍࡿࡓࡵ࡟ࠊ⤫ィฎ⌮⛉┠ࡢ㞴ࡋࡉࡢ₯ᅾⓗ࡞⌮⏤ࡢ᳨ウࢆ┠ⓗ࡜ࡋࡓࠋศ㢮ࡋࡓ  ࢝ࢸࢦ࣮ࣜࢆཧ⪃࡟ࠊ௒ᚋࡢᒎᮃࢆᩚ⌮ࡍࡿࠋ࡞࠾ࠊࠕࢶ࣮ࣝ࡬ࡢ౫Ꮡࠖࡣ⤫ィゎᯒࢶ࣮ࣝࢆ౑࠼ࡿࣞ࣋ࣝࡢ⪅ࡢㄢ㢟࡛࠶ࡿࡓࡵࠊᮏ✏࡛ࡣᢅࢃ࡞࠸ࠋ⤫ィゎᯒ⛉┠࡟ࡣᚲせࢫ࢟ࣝࡢከࡉࡀ୍ࡘࡢࣁ࣮ࢻࣝ࡟࡞ࡗ࡚࠸ࡿࡼ࠺࡛࠶ࡿࠋࡓ࡜࠼ࡤࠊࢥ
ࣥࣆ࣮ࣗࢱ࡟᫂ࡿࡃ࡚ࡶ⤫ィࡀࢿࢵࢡ࡟࡞ࡿࠊᩘ
Ꮫࡀ࡛ࡁ࡚ࡶࢥࣥࣆ࣮ࣗࢱࡣⱞᡭ࡞ࡓࡵ࡟㌑࠸࡚ࡋࡲ࠺࡜࠸ࡗࡓࢣ࣮ࢫࡀᙜ࡚ࡣࡲࡿࠋࡇࢀࡀࠊࠕ࡛ࡁ࡞࠸࡜Ỵࡵࡘࡅࡿࠖࡇ࡜࡟⤖ࡧࡘ࠸࡚࠸ࡓࠋ⾲  ࡟♧ࡋࡓ࡜࠾ࡾࠊㅮᖌࡀᏛ⏕ࡣ࡛ࡁ࡞࠸࡜Ỵࡵࡘࡅ࡚࠸ࡿ࡜࠸ࡗࡓᣦ᦬ࡶ࠶ࡾࠊࠕఱࡀ࡛ࡁ࡞࠸ࡢ࠿ࠖࢆᢕᥱࡍࡿᚲせᛶࡀ♧၀ࡉࢀࡿࠋ
ࡲࡓࠊⰋ㉁࡞⤫ィィゎᯒࢶ࣮ࣝࡢⓏሙ࡟ࡼࡾࠊ⤫ィゎᯒࡢ↹ࢃࡋࡉࡀゎᾘࡉࢀࡓࡼ࠺࡟ᛮࢃࢀࡿࡀࠊከᵝ࡞ศᯒࡀ࡛ࡁࡿࡤ࠿ࡾ࡟ࠕ⠊ᅖࡀᗈࡃ࡞ࡿࠖࡇ࡜ࡶၥ㢟࡜ࡋ࡚ᣲࡆࡽࢀࡓࠋㅮᖌࡣᏛ⩦⪅ࡢ฿㐩┠ᶆ࡟ᚲせ࡞᝟ሗ࡟↔Ⅼࢆ࠶࡚ࡓᣦᑟࡀồࡵࡽࢀࡿ࡜࠸࠼ࡿࠋᅗ  ᢳฟࡉࢀࡓ  ࡘࡢ࢝ࢸࢦ࣮ࣜࡉࡽ࡟ࠊ⤫ィゎᯒࢶ࣮ࣝ࡟ࡣ㧗㢠࡞ࡶࡢࡶ࠶ࡾࠊࠕ⎔ቃࠖࢆᩚ࠼ࡿ㞴ࡋࡉࡶᣲࡆࡽࢀࡓࠋ5 ࡢࡼ࠺࡞ࣇ࣮ࣜࢯࣇࢺࡶ࠶ࡿࡀࠊ&8, ࡛ࡣࠕ࡛ࡁ࡞࠸࡜Ỵࡵࡘࡅࡿࠖࡓࡵ࡟ࠊ㞴ࡋࡉࡢゎᾘ࡟ࡣ⮳ࡽ࡞࠸ࡼ࠺࡛࠶ࡿࠋ௨ୖࡼࡾࠊ⤫ィゎᯒ⛉┠ࡢ࣐ࢫࢱ࣮࡟ࡣᚲせ࡞ࢫ࢟ࣝࡀከࡃࠊ฼⏝࡛ࡁࡿ⎔ቃࡈ࡜࡟ⓗࢆ⤠ࡗࡓᣦᑟࡀồࡵࡽࢀࡿࡇ࡜ࡀࢃ࠿ࡗࡓࠋ௒ᚋࡣࠊᏛ⩦⪅ࡢ฿㐩┠ᶆࢆ᫂☜࡟ࡋࠊ,7 ࢫ࢟ࣝࡶྵࡵࡓ๓ᥦ᮲௳ࢆᩚ⌮ࡍࡿㄢ㢟ศᯒ㸦㕥ᮌ㸧ࡀᚲせ࡟࡞ࡿ࡜⪃࠼࡚࠸ࡿࠋཧ⪃ᩥ⊩Lesser, L. M., Pearl, D. K., Weber III, J. J.,
Dousa, D. M., Carey, R. P., & Haddad, S. A.
(2019). Developing interactive educational
songs for introductory statistics. Journalof Statistics Education, 27(3), 238-252.
㕥ᮌඞ᫂ (2002). ᩍᮦタィ࣐ࢽࣗ࢔ࣝ: ⊂Ꮫࢆᨭ᥼ࡍࡿࡓࡵ࡟㸬໭኱㊰᭩ᡣ.
Tan, A. J., Davies, J., Nicolson, R. I., &Karaminis, T. (2023). A technologyenhanced learning intervention forstatistics in higher education using
bite-sized video-based learning andprecision teaching. Research and Practicein Technology Enhanced Learning, 18.

⾲  ᢳฟࡉࢀࡓ࢝ࢸࢦ࣮ࣜ࡜グ㏙౛ΩτβϨʖςʖϩ΃͹ғଚͲ͘͵͏ͳ݀Όͯ
͜Ζ൥ҕ͹߁͠

֕೨‫ݬ‬ชಚΔΗͪ݃Վͪͳ͓΍ͮͳ΍Δ͢͏݃Վ͗ड़ྙ͠Ηͱ͏ͪͳ͢ͱ΍ɼͨ΍ͨ΍͹౹‫ٗܯ‬͹մए๑Ν༽͏Ζ͹͗న઀Ͳͺ͵͖ͮͪɼͳ͏͑͞ͳ΍͍Ζɽߪࢥ͹ࢡ੐‫ؽ‬೵͹๝෍͠‫ंڂݜ‬Ώ઒໵Պͳ͏͑͹ͺɼͳ͖͚ોਕΏॵৼंͶྮ͚ͪɼʰʹ͑ͦʤ‫܇‬ΔͶͺʥ෾ΔΞͫΘ͑ʱͳ͏͑ηνϱηΝखΕ͗ͬͲͤɽRͺଡझଡ༹͵ΨϕεϥϱΝ఑‫͏ͱ͢ڛ‬Ήͤ͗ɼͨ͹൥ҕ͗ଡ‫ز‬Ͷ‫ͪ΁ٶ‬Όɼસର଀ΝͳΔ͓Ζ͹ͺ༲ҝͲͺ͍ΕΉͦΞɽड़ఱঘԚʤ2004ʥ஝಼ʀਭຌʤ2014ʥ
੶ీʤ2014ʥࣰ‫ݩ‬͹Ϫϛʖφࡠ੔Ώଖ‫ۂ‬࿨ช͹ࣧජΝͤΖ৖߻Ͷɼชহͺࣙ෾͹Պ͹Ϗ‫ڧ؂‬͹໲ୌςʖϩ͹‫ڧ؂‬λαϱ͹ϭʖϕϫΝ࢘ͮͱॽ͚͞ͳ͗Ͳ͘Ζ͜ʹɼυʖνմੵͶͯ͏ͱͺ୉ָͶߨͮͱ୉ָ͹λϓφΝ࢘Κ͵͏ͳͲ͘͵͏ͳ͏͑͞ͳͶ͵ΖΚ͜Ͳͤɽ㻙㻌㻡㻤㻌㻙ࢃీΔʤ2008ʥ