Mobility with Value Creation
価値創造のモビリティ

Fumihiko Nakamura / 中村文彦
Project Professor / 特任教授
The University of Tokyo / 東京大学

目次
1. Importance of “move (trips)”–

移動の大切さ2. Importance of “place”–場の大切さ3. Re-definition of “Public” Transport–

公共交通の再定義

4. Re-design of “Mobility” with Value Creation–

価値創造のモビリティの再構築

5. Expected roles of New Technology–

新技術の期待される役割

6. Conclusion まとめ

Importance of “move (trips)”
移動の大切さ外出率の低下
Less people have been going out（by MLIT,Japan,2022）
less people goingout 外出率減少

7674
72
70

68
66%

Nationwide

Tokyo M.A.

Before COVID 19March, 2022

主観的健康と外出頻度
Health condition (subjective) and trip
frequency （by CAO, Japan, 2017)
Very Bad
BadSoss-soGood
Very Good

0%
20%
40%
60%
80% 100%
7/w 2-3/w 1/w 1-2/m 0-6/y almost 0

移動の大切さ
Importance of trips• 健康保持のために移動は必要
for physical and mental health• 移動するには目的地・場・活動が必要
Destination, Place and Activities移動がもたらす効果①
Expected effects by trips 1• 地域の活動
More activities in the region• 移動サービスの需要創出
More demand for transport service

移動がもたらす効果②
Expected effects by trips 2
都市経営的視点 urban management aspect• 街中賑わい→地代上昇→税収増
More people in downtown
Higher rent → More tax revenue• 健康増進→医療費節約→補助金節約
More healthful lives
Less medical payment → subsidy saving

移動の大切さ まとめ
Summary
HealthMore activities
More passengers(for transport)

Destination
Place making
Activities

Tax revenue increase(downtown land price)
Subsidy saving(medical care payment)Importance of “place”
場の大切さストリートでの場
Places in streets• Link and Place
LINK
traffic functionaccess function
PLACE
place making

by Prof. Peter JonesExitibition Street (London)

Exitibition Street (London)

Heiwa StreetAsahikawa (Japan) (1972)

November 15 Street
Curitiba (Brazil) (1972)
The city´s main street
was closed to car traffic
People came to walk andshop at the precint,increasing the revenues ofall shops.

November 15 Street
Curitiba (Brazil) (1972)ストリート以外の公共の「場」

Public “Places” outside of streets• さまざまな公共施設（市役所等）
Public facilities ( City Hall etc.)• 広場等
Plazas, Squares• 駅やターミナル
Stations and Terminals

City Hall and Plaza (Munich)

City Hall and Plaza (Seoul)AfterBefore

Hitachi Railway Station (Japan)
Café with a view of Pacific Ocean

Market at Railway Station(Insein, Yangon, Myammar)

「場」の意味

Implications of “Places”• 持続可能 Sustainability– Environment, Economy, Equity– Safety and Inclusiveness• 創造 Creativity– Serendipity, Culture• 強靭 Resilience– Disaster prevention and recovery• 多様 Diversity– Synergistic effects and Offsetting effects

「場」の要件

Requirement for “Places”• 誰もがアクセスできる（いろいろな交通手段で）Universal (Multimodal) Access– 公共交通の役割の再認識
re-recognition of the role of “Public” transport• さまざまな過ごし方
Variety of Staying styles• リスク管理 （多様な管理主体等）
Risk management– incl. owner of placeRe-definition of“Public” Transport
公共交通の再定義公共交通→誰もが気軽に使えるTransport for “Public”

Re-defined “ (road) Public Transport” mainly in EU

SharedTaxi

BusEasyAccess

TaxiRidehailing

DRT

Hiredservice

CoachCar
shareBikeshareCarrentakPassenger Transport Business
Large Vehicle

Small vehicle

RegisterAnd
Easy use

Contractinadvance公共交通のキーワード 1

Keywords for Public Transport 1
従来 Conventional• 道路混雑緩和策
As a solution to traffic congestion• 安全Safety• 輸送力 Capacity (特に通勤 esp. commuting)• 速度Speed• 正確Punctual• 赤字がない No deficit (効率性 efficiency)

公共交通のキーワード ２

Keywords for Public Transport 2• 基本– 移動の選択性

multi-modal– 移動の自由

freedom of travel• 安全大前提の上で• Walkable 駅・停留所へ歩ける（安心で快適で）• Reliable 市民が信頼し誇りに思い自慢できる• Enjoyable 駅や停留所、車内が楽しいLess walkable ?
(Yokohama, Japan)

Less walkable ?
(Vientiane, Lao)

Walkable in tropical climate(Singapore)

Reliable BRT services(TransJakarta, Jakarta, Indonesia)

Less reliable ?
(TransJakarta, Jakarta, Indonesia)

Enjoyable space at the Station(Himeji, Japan)

Re-design of “Mobility”
with Value Creation
価値創造のモビリティの再構築

BEYOND
Walkable, Reliable, Enjoyable• 疑問 都市の公共交通はなにを運ぶ？
What should public transport carry?

• 都市交通の中心→通勤・通学ではなくてもOther than commuting• わくわくと余韻を運ぶ
Trips with Thrilled and Reverberation

毎週日曜７時～１４時「自転車天国」 @ ボゴタ（コロンビア）
Ciclovia (Bogota, Colombia)

文化イベント用 郊外バスターミナル広場
Plaza at a suburban Bus terminal
For cultural events (on Fridays)(Bogota, Colombia)

Cultural Fridays in TransMilenio
Among the components of the Strategy 2008, was the revitalization of thestations and Portals, through ongoing cultural and artistic activities, with the“Cultural Fridays in TransMilenio” program.

フライブルク中心地区広場
Plaza at the city center(Freiburg, Germany)40

フライブルク中心地区広場
Plaza at the city center(Freiburg, Germany)

清渓川リニューアル(2005)
Cheonggyencheon(Seoul, Korea)

余韻都市 仮説
Reverberation City Hypothesis• 都市の中心は文化的創造的機能
Cultural and Creative function at City Center• その活動へのわくわくとその活動の余韻が都市では重要
Importance of “thrilled” and “reverberation” of theactivities• 活動へのアクセスが主観的幸福感につながる
Access to the activities enhance well-being• そのアクセスは徒歩と公共交通で、わくわくと余韻のために
by walking and public transport
for the “thrilled” and “reverberation”

余韻都市から価値創造へ
Towards Value Creation• 移動はライフスタイルを支え惹きつける
Trips support lifestyle and attract it• 移動により楽しさが増す。移動自体も楽しくなる。
Trips enhance Well-being.
Trips themselves are enjoyable.
• 徒歩と公共交通で楽しくなる場面を増やす
More enjoyable walking and public transport<Value Creating Transport>

Value Creating Transportへ• 安全と円滑 → 安全と多様な価値
Safety and Value with multiple dimension.

• 多様な価値：ゆっくり、眺め、ひとり、一緒、わくわく、余韻
eg. Slow, with a view, alone and quiet,

shared, thrilled, reverberation• 実現方策例：場づくり、チケッティング、駅、車両

Measures:place making, ticketing, station and vehicle

Expected roles ofNew Technology
新技術の期待される役割

New Technologies• 質の高い、大量で詳細なデータの時代
Quality data, big data, deep data

• Validation support
診断・検証・評価
diagnosis and evaluation• Visioning support
描いた未来ビジョンの事前評価
実証実験実施と評価、課題提示へ
Appraisal of visioning
Evaluation of demonstration projects

Synergy with New Technologies• シェアサービスで移動選択肢が増える
Sharing Services for more options oftravel• 自動運転技術で、より魅力的な車両や新しいサービス形態が生まれればEmergence of new vehicle and services
ｂy Autonomous Driving TechniqueSynergy with MaaS
• MaaS (Mobility as a Service、マース）• 地域内移動サービスの包括的案内と支払い• （認識できる）移動選択肢を増やす• チケッティングの工夫– 例 観劇終演後乗り放題チケットつき入場鑑賞券

Synergy with MaaS

Activetravels

Mobility Services
Conventionalmodes

NewServices

Solution for otherpolicy fields

Solution formobility

Data analysis
Ex-post evaluationmarketing

Conclusion
まとめまとめ summary
1. Importance of “move (trips)”–

移動の大切さ2. Importance of “place”–場の大切さ3. Re-definition of “Public” Transport–

公共交通の再定義

4. Re-design of “Mobility” with Value Creation–

価値創造のモビリティの再構築

5. Expected roles of New Technology–

新技術の期待される役割

未来へ for the future• 新しい時代のモビリティ（移動性）
New-stage mobility
––––

–
–

安全 Safe and Secured mobility
価値創造 Value Creating mobility
徒歩と自転車 Active travel based mobility
信頼され楽しめる公共交通
Reliable and Enjoyable public transport
わくわくと余韻のため for thrilled and reverberation
移動の自由と選択性 Multimodal mobility• アクセスと場 Place making and accessibility• 魅力的で持続可能な都市
Attractive and Sustainable citywith new-stage mobility

Thank you for listening
ご清聴ありがとうございました。
nakamura-fumi@edu.k.u-tokyo.ac.jp