Technology Session “Energy System Integration”

Industry trends in Energy System Integration•With Sector Coupling, the Energy System will evolve from a conventional linear type to an efficient cyclical type,realizing integration across sectors and regions
Conventional Energy System
Petroleum

Coal

Waterand gas

Future Energy System
Asia
Pacific

Electricpower

Generation

Transportation(Storing)>

Consumption••

Energy System is a linear system
Energy flows in only one direction, and there is nocoordination between sectors, so waste is likely to occur
due to excess or shortage

MiddleEastLatin
America

AfricaNorthAmerica•••

Source: Based on European Commission’s EU Energy System Integration Strategy and modified by NRIEurope

Energy System is an efficient cyclical system
Sector couplings between the energy sector and theconsumption sector will be realized, and cross-regionalenergy transportation will be promoted
There is no waste because excess energy is captured andreused

Technology Session “Energy System Integration”

Industry trends in Energy System Integration•The approach to achieve carbon neutrality through Energy System Integration may differ depending on regional
characteristics
Typical Approaches to Achieve Carbon Neutrality through Energy System Integration
Type 1"Renewable Rich"

AreaFeatures

KeyTechnologies
to RealizeCN

Type 3"Storage Rich"•Providing maximum primaryenergy supply with renewableenergy within the area•

Energy produced in the region isconsumed in the region, and theshortage is compensated byimports from overseas.

•Allow for some GHG emissions
from fossil fuels and achieve netzero emissions through the use ofNETs•••

EuropeAustralia
Middle East•
••

Japan
ASEANIndia•••

United StatesRussia
Middle East•

Abundant supply of low-cost
renewable energy•Inadequate low-cost renewableenergyHave existing infrastructure andcustomer facilities•Abundance of reservoirs

Methanation/catalyst
Distributed locations + on-site
production of CO2 sources
Transportation from overseas•

Fossil fuels + CCS(including DACCS and BECCS)

Overview

Examples ofAreas

Type 2"Green Trading"•••

Large-scale renewable energy
Large-scale hydrogen production
equipment + hydrogeninfrastructure•••

Technology Session “Energy System Integration”

Technology trends in Energy System Integration•For Energy System integration, various efficiency and cost improvements, new technology development, andactual operation are being carried out, mainly in Power to Gas/Mobility/Heat and Optimizing supply anddemand of electrical power.
Technology Trends in Energy System Integration

Optimizing Supply and Demandof Electrical Power• Challenges- Sustainability, stable supply, and economics• Trends- Integration of distributed technologies, etc.

Power to Gas• Challenges- Efficiency and technology development• Trends- Improvement of hydrogen conversion andstorage efficiency, development oftechnology for hydrogen fuel cells, anddevelopment of gas generation andconversion technology

Power to Heat

• Challenges- Efficiency and cost
• Trends- Heat storage facility that is more efficientand can reduce costs- Development of various software

Power to Mobility• Challenges- Efficiency and cost
- Actual operation• Trends- Expanding capacity, improving efficiency,
and reducing costs for in-vehicle storage
batteries and fuel cells- Commercialization of hydrogen engines forautomobiles, trains, ships, etc.

Source: Robinius, M.; Otto, A.; Heuser, P.; Welder, L.; Syranidis, K.; Ryberg, DOOH.; Grube, T.; Markewitz, P.; Peters, R.; Stolten, D. Linking the Power and TransportSectors – Part 1: The Principle of Sector Coupling. Energies 2017, 10, 956.