Status of Nobeyama
Observations 2023
Nishimura, Atsushi(Nobeyama Radio Observatory)

Contents• This report:• 1. Charged telescope time statistics• 2. Instrument status• 3. Development activities• 4. Publication & outreach• 5. Outlook for FY2024• Tatematsu-sanʼs presentation• Future prospect21. Charged Telescope Time Statistics

3• Charged Telescope Time
• 10,000 yen/hour (30,000 yen/hour for foreign users)• What will be charged:• contiguous 45m telescope operation• use of facility receivers• What will income be used for:• annual operation cost (electricity and/or maintenance)• repair cost of (future) large breakdown
Deadlines

Periods

ChargedScientific
Assessment

RegularB (2023/8/1)
C (2023/12/1)

11/1 ‒ 3/31
2/1 ‒ 3/31

Yes
Yes

NoNoDevelopment

A (2023/6/1)

9/1 ‒ 10/31

Yes

NoTutorial

A (2023/6/1)

9/1 ‒ 10/31

Yes

No

Student

B (2023/8/1)

11/1 ‒ 3/31

No

Yes

1. Charged Telescope Time Statistics• 2nd year of Charged Telescope Time• Statistics 2023
• Totally 37 proposals with 1916 hours requests were received.
• (Last year: 47 proposals with 3070 hours requests)• Thank you very much for your contribution!

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1. Charged Telescope Time Statistics
Requested time (Season 2023; Regular, Student)

51. Charged Telescope Time Statistics

Final year of Open-use

6This year

• Small programs are preferred: most proposals request <50 hours• Opportunity for large programs (>200 hours): easier to submit than open-use era• Wish in the future: encourage the community to submit mid-size programs (100-200hours) that should increase the impact of science outcomes1.1. Student Time (Free-of-Charge)• Student Time (free-of-charge)• Up to 100 hours (24 hours * 4 days)• Scientifically reviewed by part of JSAC members• Statistics 2023
• Received: 4 proposals, 142 hours (last season: 3 proposals 54 hours)• Accepted: 3 proposals, 88 hours

Please encourage your students to submit!

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2. Instrument Status
Available

Under development

Antenna

Main dishAntenna rail
Master collimator

MAO (Tamura et al.)Frontend

H22, H40, Z45
FORESTeQ (Chiong, Nakamura et al.)
7BEE (Tatematsu et al.)
Tsukuba-cam (Kuno et al.)H22 & H40
H22 & Z45 (new!)
Backend

SAM45Continuum BE
VLBI BEH22 & H40 & TZ (Imai, Niinuma et al.)FMLO (Taniguchi, A. et al.)RF SoC Spectrometer (Nishimura et al.)

• Severe issues• SAM45 problem• Shutter of master collimator room
• FOREST problem• Hydrogen maser problem (continued from last year)82. Instrument Status• SAM45 problem• On October 21, spectrometer SAM45 caused persistent errors. After the investigationof the NRO staff, it found that one of the module (DFP#1) seems to be broken.
• We disconnected the DFP#1, and then the control of SAM45 was restored.
• Now, SAM45 is running without DFP#1. Arrays 5-8 (and 21-24) are disabled,
corresponding to a 25% loss of full performance.
• NRO has allocated 25% additional time for all observers to compensate for this problem.
• On December 14, the manufacturer came to diagnose the problem, and found a
problem in SDRAM. Not fully solved yet.

• Shutter of master collimator room
• Since last year, the shutter became stiff, and it
was broken in March 2023.
• Now, the antenna cannot be set to EL=90 deg,
and we use EL=85 deg instead.
• The manufacturer will repair it next July.

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2. Instrument Status• FOREST IF switch problem• On December 10, IF switch that is used for IRR measurements of FOREST was broken.
• NRO replaced it with a set of lower performance alternatives. Now it works. However,it seems to become unstable sometimes.
• We are arranging the same model as the broken one and will replace it.
• This problem does not affect science observations.

• Hydrogen maser clock problem (owned by NAOJ-Mizusawa, and used at Nobeyama)• Due to breakdown of the clock, VLBI operations are suspended 2023 season as well.
• NAOJ-Mizusawa is planning to install new clock on end of this season. If its
performance is confirmed, VLBI operation will be re-opened from next season.
• This problem does not affect single dish observations.

102.1. Observation Statistics
2022202311

3. Development Activities

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NRO Project

Proposals accepted before 2019

Proposals accepted after 2023

7BEE

eQ (Chiong, Nakamura et al.)
Tsukuba-cam (Kuno et al.)HINOTORI : H22 & H40 & TZ (Imai, Niinuma et al.)
MAO (Tamura et al.)FMLO (Taniguchi, A. et al.)RF SoC Spectrometer (Nishimura et al.)(Tatematsu et al.)• Progress• HINOTORI : Poster P2 Imai+• H22 & Z45 mode: accepted to NRO andopened for the community• TZ mode paper: Tsutsumi+23• eQ• Project paper: Nakamura+ to besubmitted soon

• MAO : Poster P1 Iwakami+

Two proposals have been submitted
and are under review.

• Development proposal restarted• In 2023, NRO restarts call for proposals ofdevelopment programs• Two deadlines:• Summer: 1 proposal submitted, 1 accepted• Winter: 2 proposals submitted, under review• Accepted programs can• apply for the budget• install instruments to NRO45m or NRO campus• use NRO45m (charged telescope time required)3.1. Progress on 7BEE

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• 7 beam, 2 pol.
• 72 - 116 GHz (corresponding to ALMA Band2+3)
Deuterated mol.

CO

à x7 faster than T70

à x2 faster than FOREST

Large scale Deuterated mol. mapping

CO fast mapping mode was developed

OMC (Tatematsu+)(Nishimura+)• Progress• Installed in Aug. 2022
• First light: Sep. 3, 2022
• CSV• Tsys: OK• Squint: OK• Beam pattern: OK• Beam efficiency: OK3.1. Progress on 7BEE

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• Malfunction on frontend• At installation, all IFs were OK for their gainand Tsys.
• Now, the receiver have been experienced 1year of cooled operation and several timeof cooling cycle, but 80% of IFs show gain
decrease, and 20% of CLNAs show bias
malfunction.
• We have decided to terminate this yearʼsobservations and begin the investigation
process by disassembling the receiver.

4. Publication & Outreach15• Publications using NRO45m (Nov 2022 ‒ Oct 2023):• 30 refereed papers (ApJ/ApJL/ApJS: 13, PASJ: 7, MNRAS: 4, A&A: 4, Galaxies: 1)• NRO News Release• 6 releases (Nov 2022 ‒ Oct 2023)• 2023-01-27 : Fujita et al. “世界初！ AIが描く 天の川銀河のガス雲分布：約14万個の「星の誕生候補地」を推定”• 2023-02-16 : Kaneko et al. “天の川銀河中心核近傍で「おたまじゃくし」分子雲を発見 −ブラックホールと…”• 2023-05-18 : Sakemi et al. “X線連星から噴き出す宇宙ジェットはパワフルな宇宙のお掃除屋さん…”• 2023-05-18 : Kohno et al. “KAGONMAプロジェクト：アンモニア分子の広域観測でさぐる星間ガス雲の…”• 2023-06-30 : Maeda et al. “星の材料があるのに星が誕生しない!?：棒渦巻銀河における星形成抑制現象”• 2023-09-14 : Shimajiri et al. “星の創造の舞台!! オリオン座でのフィラメント分裂による新たな星の誕生の証拠”• Please let us know when your research is published!
• NRO has some budget to support making illustration for your release4. Publication & Outreach• Nobeyama Open Day Online:• July 22• Online public lecture16• Nobeyama Open Day On-site:• Aug 26, 1353 visitors• Basic lectures• From news releases• Virtual poster session• 電波天文学を学べる大学 (19 Univ.)• Next year
• Jul 20: On-line day• Aug 24 : On-site day

5. Outlook for FY2024• Restarting Student Tutorial (学生観測実習)• Main issue: insufficient staff• To overcome this, NRO and JSAC are considering following two steps:• Step-1• NRO offers free-of-charge university-led hands-on tutorial (~3 programs/year; in addition to chargedones)• PI using this program will be required:• to open the information of their university-led tutorial and to accept other university students• to provide staff for free-of-charge undergraduate hands-on tutorial (led by NRO) program in thenext year (Step-2)• Step-2• NRO offers call for free-of-charge undergraduate hands-on tutorial programs (will be held on late
April or May)
• PI of Step-1 will provide staff• Financial support of staff travel cost will be considered17Conclusion• Under the new scheme (charged-telescope-time, fewer observatory staff),observatory operation is getting on track.
• Development proposals restarted• Student tutorial will be restarted soon
• Open-day on-site event restarted• 41 years old NRO 45m shows aging is progressing.
• However, under the new scheme, repairing works are steadily performed.

• Your contribution is essential. Please use NRO a lot.
• Observation, Development, Outreach, etc.

• If you find any issues or ideas, please tell us• through helpdesk: https://www.nro.nao.ac.jp/~nro45mrt/html/helpdesk/inquiry̲form.html (日本語OK)• or mail: atsushi.nishimura@nao.ac.jp

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