FIRST Program

Photonics-Electronics
Convergence SystemTechnology

Message from the Core Researcher
The recent information explosion hascenters, including silicon-based opticalcaused a further increase in the demands

interconnect technology. We believe that theand expectations of computer performance.

PECST will show the way to a new

The PECST (Photonics and Electronics

paradigm which will bring innovations toConvergence System Technology) wasthe industry. For this purpose, strong

selected as one of the thirty FIRST projects

collaboration beyond existing organizations

in order to exceed the limitation of current

such as companies and universities is

LSI by converging photonics and electronics.

essential. I, as core researcher, together

The PECST project is carried out with awith all our outstanding project members

total budget of 4.5 billion yen, involving thefrom both academia and industry, will make

University of Tokyo, PETRA, and AIST as

upmost efforts to making the PECST acore organizations. The goal of this project issuccessful project. We hope all of  you will

the demonstration of the LSI and photonics

strongly support and encourage us tointegrated systems for future of on-chip data

achieve the aims of the PECST.

Yasuhiko Arakawa,Core Researcher, PECST,Professor,
The University of Tokyo

Project Organization

About FIRSTThe Funding Program for WorldLeading Innovative R&D on Science andTechnology (FIRST program), which wasplanned by the Council for Science and

The Core Researcher is Professor Yasuhiko Arakawa, who heads the project.
The researchers join PECST from three groups, representing Industry, Academiaand Government, where PETRA represents industries, University of Tokyo
represents a group of universities, and AIST represents national laboratories.
Those researchers cross organizational boundaries to further research into each
topic, utilizing the strengths of these different backgrounds.

Technology Policy in the Cabinet Office,Photonics-Electronics Convergence System Technology

began in March 2010. The aim of thisCore-Researcher : Yasuhiko Arakawa (Univ. Tokyo)

program is to advance cutting-edge
research projects in various fields and tostrengthen Japan's international
competitiveness while contributing tosociety and people’s welfare through theapplication of their results. For theprogram, thirty core researchers andresearch topics, which cover a broad
area of science and technology, have

Advanced Device Technology

Photonic Integration Technology

Yasuhiko Arakawa (Univ. Tokyo)

Takahiro Nakamura ( PETRA )Photonic
K. Wada (Univ. Tokyo)
Modulator

T. Usuki ( PETRA )Photonic
WiringK. Yamada ( PETRA )H. Yaegashi ( PETRA )M. Mori (AIST)

Photonic
Detector

K. Wada (Univ. Tokyo)
J. Fujikata ( PETRA )Process
Integration

T. Horikawa (AIST)
T. Nakamura ( PETRA )S. Noda ( Kyoto Univ. )Light
SourceY. Arakawa (Univ. Tokyo)
T. Ido ( PETRA )M. Ishizaka ( PETRA )Design Method.
T. Nakamura ( PETRA )Tech. Demon.

T. Baba ( Yokohama National Univ. )been selected from ~600 proposals
through strong competition. A total of
100 billion Yen is dedicated for
promoting the research led by the coreresearchers. In addition, the FIRST
Acceleration Program was additionallyimplemented using FY 2010 budget

Universities

N. Nishiyama ( T. I. T. )Y. Urino ( PETRA )4 Univs ( 5 Labs )National
Laboratories

Univ. Tokyo
Kyoto Univ.
Yokohama Ntl. Univ.
Tokyo Inst. Tech.

Photonics, AIST
Innovation Center for Advanced
Nanodevices, AIST

Fujitsu    Hitachi
NEC    NTT    OKI~20~20~40

Head Count

Tech. Assoc.

PETRA ( Industries )5 Companies(~9.7 billion Yen) in order to strengthen
the R&D activities carried out by coreresearchers on selected topics under theCore Researcher & Support Organizations

FIRST Program. Outreach activities such

Core Researcher

・Yasuhiko Arakawa, Professor, The University of Tokyo

as symposiums geared to interested

Co-coreResearchers

・Kazumi Wada, Professor, The University of Tokyo
・Takahiro Nakamura, Chief Manager, PETRA

members of the general public are also
very much encouraged. Additional
funding is also distributed for these
activities.

Operational・PETRA (Photonics Electronics Technology Research Association)
Support Institution
CollateralInstitutions

・The University of Tokyo・AIST (National Institute of Advanced Industrial Science and Technology)

Project Outline
In the near future, current
computers (more precisely, LSIs in

LSI on Photonicscomputers) will encounter several

Photonic device technology

challenges such as power

Modulators ／ Photodetectors
Optical waveguideLaser source on Siliconminimization, operating speed
acceleration, and down-sizing. The
convergence between photonics
and electronics will create
innovative devices and systems to
overcome these limitations, andopen new directions for research
into novel electronic phenomena insemiconductors.

System LSI technology

Size 〜1／50
Size 1 ／1000

50mm

On chip
data centers

Arrayed silicon
nanowire waveguides

Silica-based AWG

Surface Plasmon Anntena

New concepts and structures
for eﬃcient modulation

SiGe/Ge

N-SiGeP＋−Si

Si waveguidei−SiBox

LSI design
System demonstration

SiSi-Optical Modulator

SiGe/Ge
Photo Detector

Size 〜1／10〜2018

On chip
servers

PE Integration innovativetechnology

Size=1

In order to realize PhotonicsElectronics convergence systems, itis necessary to not only develop
innovative technologies such as
silicon light emitters, but also to  clear the way to market bydemonstration of a system.  
This project promotes researchand development of these
innovative technologies forphotonics-electronics convergencein order to realize an “On-chip dataCenter” – a data center integrated
on a chip by 2025.

〜2025

Innovative
light source
Opticalpower

Innovative wiring
technology

Light input

Activity Report 1

Activity Report 2

We demonstrated, for the first time, opticalinterconnects integrated with 13-channel array laser,
silicon optical modulator and germanium photodetector
on a single silicon substrate with 5mm×4.5mm chip size.
A 5 Gbps line bit rate and 3.5 Tbps/cm2 transmission
density were achieved. This technology will solve thebandwidth bottleneck among LSI chips in the future.

As on-chip light sources, quantum dot lasers haveseveral advantages such as high temperature stability.
We have demonstrated InAs/GaAs quantum dot lasers on
Si substrates by means of semiconductor wafer bonding
and layer transfer. Our laser emits at 1.3 μm with athreshold current density of 205 A/cm2, the lowest of
any kind of laser on silicon reported to date.

Arrayed LD

Modulator array

5mm

PD array

4.5mm

Research GoalIn order to overcome the limits of LSI by converging
electronics and photonics technologies, the PECST will aim tomount leading-edge LSIs on ultra-dense photonic integrated
circuits (10Tbps/cm2), which we call, “LSI-on-photonics-

10G

integration circuits”. In addition, we will explore innovative
photonic devices based on nanotechnology through strong
collaboration between industry and academia.
As a result, the PECST will contribute to develop futuretechnologies for the photonics- electronics convergencesystem. In all these activities, the PECST will make clear theprospects for industrialization through technologicaldemonstration of photonic integrated circuits, and to develop
basic technologies for realizing nanotechnology based
innovative systems. Above all, the PECST would like tocontribute to the development of a safe, secure andcomfortable society, and also contribute to the solution ofenvironment, resource and energy issues, as well as enhanceinternational competitiveness of industry.

1Gb

bp

100

s/cm2

Throughput (Gbps)

1000

Gb

1T
b
ps/c
m2

10T

ps/cm2

ps/cm2PECST
PECSTInter-Boards
AOC etc.
LUXTERAs/cm2

Chip-to-Chip

PODAvago
PETIT2 (NEC ‘10)
LUXTERA

100bp

Target(2011)

Inter-Racks

LightWire

LAN･WANPETIT(NEC‘08)

10

LightPeak (INTEL ‘10)
QSFP( ‘08)
SNAP12 (IBM ‘04)
POP4 ( ‘05)

300pin-MSA XFP(10Gx1) (10Gx1)

1
0.01

0.1

1

1/Module Area (cm-2)

10

Research Members
Core Researcher

Co-Core Researchers

Yasuhiko Arakawa

Kazumi Wada

Takahiro Nakamura

Professor,
The University of Tokyo

Professor,  
The University of Tokyo

Chief Manager,
PETRA

Key Researchers
Suguru Akiyama

Toshihiko Baba

Jun-ichi Fujikata

Nobuaki Hatori

Gerhard Abstreiter

Principal Researcher,
PETRAProfessor, Yokohama
National University

Principal Researcher,
PETRA

Principal Researcher,
PETRA

Professor, TechnischeUniversität München

Tsuyoshi Horikawa

Tatemi Ido

Masashige Ishizaka

Satoshi Iwamoto

John Bowers

Deputy Director,
AIST

Principal Researcher,
PETRA

Principal Researcher,
PETRA

Associate Professor,  
The University of Tokyo

Professor, University ofCalifornia, Santa Barbara

Makoto Miura

Masahiko Mori

Nobuhiko Nishiyama

Susumu Noda

Principal Researcher,
PETRA

Associate Manager,  
Nanodevices, AIST

Associate Professor,
Tokyo Institute of Technology

Professor,
Kyoto University

Yutaka Urino

Tatsuya Usuki

Hiroki Yaegashi

Koji Yamada

Principal Researcher,PETRA

Principal Researcher,
PETRA

Principal Researcher,
PETRA

Principal Researcher,
PETRA

Contact■

The University of Tokyo

Prof. Yasuhiko Arakawa
Institute of Industrial Science, Ee-204 The University of Tokyo
Komaba 4-6-1, Meguro-ku, Tokyo, Japan 〒153-8505
Tel: +81-3-5452-6245   Fax: +81-3-5452-6246
e-mail: arakawa@iis.u-tokyo.ac.jp■PETRA

Device Research Promotion Dept. PETRA
Sumitomo Edogawa-bashi Build. 7F
Sekiguchi 1-20-10, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 〒102-0014
Tel: +81-3-5225-2362   Fax: +81-3-5225-6435
e-mail: web@petra-jp.org