Ready to lead thejourney forward
Sydney Airport | Sustainability Report 2023

Sustainability at Sydney Airport

Responsible business

Planning for the future

Acknowledgement of Country
Sydney Airport would like to acknowledge the Aboriginal peopleof coastal Sydney who are the Traditional Custodians of the landon which today’s airport sits.
They identify themselves in a number of ways including
Gamayngal, Bideagal, Gweagal, Gadigal and Gadhungal.
We pay our respects to them, their cultures and to their Elders
past and present and to other Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander
people who have made this area their home.

About this report
Sydney Aviation Alliance Holdings Pty Limited(SAAH) has reported with reference to the Global
Reporting Initiative (GRI) Standards and theSustainability Accounting Standards Board (SASB)
Standards for the period 1 January 2023 to 31
December 2023. All financial values are in Australian
dollars. The Management Approach for each ofour material issues can be found on our website.
The UN Sustainable Development Goals guideour reporting of relevant global issues. KPMG has
provided limited assurance over selected data sets
within our 2023 Sustainability Report (see Limited
Assurance Statement). We welcome feedback on
our sustainability reporting and performance. Pleaseemail us at sustainability@syd.com.au.

Supporting our people and community

Performance data

01

Other information

Frameworks

GRI
This report is
prepared withreference to the
Global Reporting
Initiative
Standards

This report aligns
to the relevant
SASB Standards

Sydney Airport
is a supporter of
the Task Force on
Climate‑related
Financial Disclosures(TCFD) and is
supportive of
the proposedmandatory Australian
Sustainability
Reporting Standards

Since 2017 Sydney
Airport has beencommitted to
the UN Global
Compact corporate
responsibility initiativeand its principles in
the areas of humanrights, labour, theenvironment, andanti‑corruption

We track and measurecommunity investment
in line with theframework developedby Business forSocietal Impact 1

1. Formerly London Benchmarking Group

Table of Contents
Sustainability at Sydney Airport

Responsible businessSupporting our people and community

Chair and CEO message

2

Safety and security

16

Our people

Performance highlights

4

Environmental management

19

Our community

47

Benchmark and ratings performance

5

Fair and ethical business

28

Economic contribution

50

About Sydney Airport

6Technology and cyber security

29

Our approach to sustainability

7

Performance data

51

Global Aviation trends

10Planning for the future

Other information

59

Stakeholder engagement

12

Material issues

13

Delivering on our commitments

14

Climate resilience

30

44

Sustainable design and development	 36
Airspace and airfield efficiency

38

Customer experience

40

Access to and from the airport

42

Sydney Airport | Sustainability Report 2023

02

Sustainability at Sydney Airport

Responsible business

Planning for the future

Chair and CEO message

The year weturned the corner

Scott Charlton
Chief Executive Officer

To support our efforts in reaching
Net Zero Scope 1 and 2 emissions by2030, we progressed a number of key
initiatives that aim to deliver emissions
reductions across the precinct.
Whilst we didn’t meet our 2022-2024
Sustainability target of year-on-year
reductions in Scope 1 and 2 emissions/m2, we did reduce our overall Scope 1
and 2 emissions by 6 percent, compared
to 2022. We recognise that Scope 1 and2 emissions account for 13 per cent of
our total emissions footprint (scope 1,
2 and 3) and we are engaging with ourpartners on ways to decrease our Scope
3 emissions, which make up 87 per centof our emissions footprint.
David Gonski
Chair

Sustainability is integral to our business strategy and ourlong‑term success. Our Sustainability Strategy sets the
direction for our business and focuses on three strategic pillars:
responsible business, planning for the future, and supporting ourpeople and communities, and we continue to drive performance
improvements across safety, environment, resilience, customer
experience, people and community.
Our ongoing commitment to responsible business practices andsustainability was recognised by Sustainalytics – an international leader
in ESG ratings, ranking us as the top-performing airport globally in the
airports industry subsector in 2023. We also achieved a five-star ratingin the GRESB infrastructure asset assessment and maintained our Level 3‘Optimisation’ Airport Carbon Accreditation.

Responsible businessIn 2023, we implemented a range of initiatives to help build our safety
culture, ensuring everyone that works at Sydney Airport goes home safe
and well.
We refreshed the processes for learning by launching a new induction
program, Airside Aware and Terminal Aware, reaching over 15,000 workers
online to provide a consistent understanding of airport risks.
We continued to support the mental health and wellbeing of our people
by providing subsidies for employees to invest in their wellbeing, accessto the Employee Assistance Program (EAP) services, and provision for
employees to take up to three wellbeing days a year.

In 2023, we continued our extensive
LED lighting upgrade program, focusing
on terminal buildings and runways. In
September, we completed a project toreplace 384 lights on the third runway(16R/L34R) with LED technology, witha 20-person crew working across twodays to deliver what was 18-months in
the planning. The LED replacements
across the airport delivered an overall
energy consumption saving of ~4.6GWh,
which we expect will deliver an emissions
reduction of ~3,031 tCO2e per year.
We also commenced the developmentof our vehicle transition strategy thatwill guide the phased transition of ourlight vehicle fleet to electric alternatives
by 2030. The steady rollout will ensure
the replacement cycle is both efficientand meets the requirements of the Net
Zero (Scope 1 and 2 emissions) 2030
roadmap. We are also aiming to identify
suitable EV charging stations as part ofthis project to ensure our infrastructure
can successfully support the transitionin the long term.
In 2023, we conducted feasibility studies
to determine suitable locations for
additional solar panels to be installed
across the precinct. With the firsttranche of solar panel capital works
approvals due in early 2024, our aim is todeliver at least 3.4MW of additional solar
capacity to the airport.
Contractual negotiations for our future
electricity supply were completed in
2023, which will secure the equivalentof 100 per cent renewable electricity
for the precinct from 1 January 2025,
through a contractual Power Purchase
Agreement (PPA).
This agreement will match and/orSupporting our people and community

Performance data

offset our electricity consumption andsupports our target to achieve 100 per
cent renewable electricity by 2025.
In addition to reducing emissions,
we continued our efforts to restore
biodiversity in the wetlands. Our
partnership with Wildflower, Gardensfor Good delivered 853 hours of bushregeneration works, which included
the removal of noxious weeds, planting
more than 780 native species in theendemic area, and collecting native
seeds for propagation. We were thrilled
to be recognised for this work at the2023 Keep Australia Beautiful NSW
Sustainable Cities Awards by being
awarded The Heritage, Culture andCommunity Spirit Award.
As part of our commitment toaddressing modern slavery risks, we
focused on providing specialist modern
slavery training sessions and reviewed
how we manage modern slavery risks
in our supply chain. More detail on our
modern slavery risk identification andmanagement can be found in our 2023
Modern Slavery Statement, available on
our website.

Planning for the future
In 2023, we continued to build upon andimprove our approach to managing thephysical and transition risks posed byclimate change. All priority physical andtransition risks, identified during climate
risk assessments, have been allocated
key adaptation and transition actions
for implementation. These actions havenow been embedded within our risk
management system.
We continued our extensive floodmodelling with outcomes being
incorporated into our business
continuity planning, as well as
addressing the impact of extreme heat
events. In 2023, we commissioned
an urban heat island effect study toaddress the specific risks of extreme
heat in an airport setting, where hardsurfaces and dry grass are prevalent,
and recommend strategies and actions
to mitigate risks.

03

Other information

You can read more about the airport’s
climate resilience planning in our 2023
Response to the recommendationsof the Taskforce for Climate Related
Financial Disclosures on our website.
We embedded further sustainable
design and development processes
as part of our Sustainable Design
Guidelines which highlight thesustainable requirements at each stageof a project. This included projects
such as the T1 international terminal
baggage handling system which is being
upgraded to support future growth.
Sustainability was an important earlyconsideration in the project with the
airport requiring all design partners
to meet the requirements set out inthe guidelines.
We were proud to continue ourwork with the NSW Government todeliver significant milestones in theconstruction of Sydney Gateway,
including the completion of 19 bridge
structures and the completion ofa flyover bridge into the domestic
precinct. The first of two Twin Arch
Bridges over the Alexandra Canal also
opened to traffic in November 2023,
with the second arch scheduled to openin May 2024. When it opens in late 2024,
the Sydney Gateway will transform
access to Sydney Airport, providing
traffic light-free access from the Blue
Mountains to the terminals.

We increased paid parental leave forall employees from 18 to 26 weeks inrecognition that parenting is a shared
responsibility, and we were pleased thatduring the year our return from parental
leave rate (team members who stay withthe airport for at least one year post
their parental leave) remained high at
around 90 per cent.
Our commitment to the community
is an essential part of our Sustainability
Strategy, and we are proud to reportthat our community investment
contribution increased to $2.82m
in 2023. We also spent $2.23m1 onsocial and Indigenous procurement,a 24 per cent increase on 2022.
We also recognise the importance ofenriching our Indigenous connection.
Our long-standing partnership with the
Gujaga Foundation continued in 2023,
strengthening our ties with our local
La Perouse Aboriginal community. We
held cultural awareness training courses
to help our people better increase
their understanding of kinship and ourIndigenous apprentices completed theirsecond year learning practical skills as
part of their TAFE certification.

Continuing our leadership
We are committed to upholding oursustainability commitments and lookforward to continuing to work towards
a more sustainable future.

Supporting our people andcommunities
We understand the importance of
supporting our people and communities
and we are pleased to report that
our employee engagement score
was 78 per cent, an increase of
three per cent on 2022.
Throughout 2023, a total of 13,169 hoursof training was delivered to Sydney
Airport staff, which equates to an
average of 22.3 hours of training per
employee, exceeding our target todeliver 15 or more training hours per
employee (on average) per year.

David Gonski
Chair

Scott Charlton
Chief Executive Officer

1. In 2023, we expanded our definition of Social and Indigenous procurement, which was “direct procurement with Social Traders certified enterprises, Supply Nation
certified organisations and an Australian Charities and Not-for-profits Commission registered organisation with the intention of the purchase being the supply of goods
or services” to also include “direct spend with BCorp certified organisations.” This decision was made to ensure we capture all of our social and indigenous procurement
spend. Our 2022 spend has been recalculated and restated under this new definition to reflect this.

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Sustainability at Sydney Airport

Responsible business

Planning for the future

Sustainability at Sydney Airport

Performance highlights
2023 performance highlights

Achieved

Sustainability
Linked Loan and
Bond discounts1

Increased

paid parental leave

22.3 hours

to 26 weeks

of training delivered
per employee2( from 18 weeks)( from 19.2 hours in 2022)

A renewable Power Purchase Agreement (PPA)
has been contracted for the equivalent of 100% of

78% employee
engagement score

Sydney Airport’s electricity supply( 3% from 2022)

Effective 1 January 2025

3

$2.23m spent onsocial and Indigenous
procurement

Hidden Disabilities
Sunflower program

Climate risk governancestrengthened( 24% from 2022)

Autism Spectrum Australia

with 96 transition and adaptation
actions identified

4

launched in partnership with

1. In 2018, Sydney Airport secured a syndicated (multi-bank) Sustainability Linked Loan (SLL) that establishes a direct two-way link between our sustainability performanceand funding costs, where rates decrease or increase depending on our sustainability performance over time as measured by Sustainalytics ESG risk rating assessment.
Our debt commitments for this SLL were again met in 2023.
2. 22.3 average training hours delivered per Sydney Airport employee in 2023.
3. Achieving 100% renewable electricity by 2025 through onsite solar PV and procurement of renewable electricity with large-scale generation certificates whichmatch/offset our consumption.
4. In 2023, we expanded our definition of Social and Indigenous procurement, which was “direct procurement with Social Traders certified enterprises, Supply Nation
certified organisations and an Australian Charities and Not-for-profits Commission registered organisation with the intention of the purchase being the supply of goods
or services” to also include “direct spend with BCorp certified organisations.” This decision was made to ensure we capture all of our social and indigenous procurement
spend. Our 2022 spend has been recalculated and restated under this new definition to reflect this.

Supporting our people and community

Performance data

05

Other information

Sustainability at Sydney Airport

Benchmark and ratings performance

In 2023, we continued to be recognised as sustainability leaders in our sector across a range of ESG ratingsand benchmarks.
Ratings and benchmarks1

Ranked 1st
Globally in the Airports sub‑industry
sector, and as a Top‑Rated Global
ESG Performer
Sustainalytics ESG Risk Rating 2023
1. As at December 2023.

5 Star Rating
95/100up from 74 in 20202

Maintained Level 3‘Optimisation’ Airport Carbon
Accreditation

GRESB Infrastructure asset
assessment 2023

Airport Carbon Accreditation rating of‘Level 3- Optimisation’ was maintainedfor 2023

2. Sydney Airport did not participate in the GRESB benchmarking assessment in 2021 and 2022. Our approach to benchmarking has been reviewed and we have chosen
to recommence the GRESB infrastructure asset assessment from 2023 onwards.

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06

Sustainability at Sydney Airport

About Sydney Airport
Sydney Airport is one of Australia’s mostimportant pieces of infrastructure. It is
our international gateway and an essential
part of Australia’s transport network,
connecting to more than 90 destinations
around the world.
Sydney Airport's owners are made up of entities
that represent millions of Australians through theirsuperannuation and global infrastructure owners
who bring significant experience and expertise
to Sydney Airport. These investors wholly own
Sydney Airport through the company Sydney
Aviation Alliance Holdings Pty Limited (SAAH).
This Sustainability Report has been prepared forand published by SAAH. SAAH and its subsidiarycompanies are collectively referred to as Sydney
Airport. Sydney Airport’s headquarters arelocated in the Nigel Love Building, 10 Arrivals
Court, Mascot, New South Wales, Australia. Referto our website for information about our business
operations and markets served.

Sustainability at Sydney Airport

Responsible business

Planning for the futureSupporting our people and community

Performance data

07

Other information

Sustainability at Sydney Airport

Our approach to sustainability
Sustainability is integral to our business strategy, our long-term success, and the delivery of our purpose.
Sustainability is integrated across the pillars of Sydney Airport’s business strategy and identified as a key enabler to its successful
delivery. Our Sustainability Policy sets this direction and is available on our website.
Sydney Airport’s 2022-24 Sustainability Strategy supports our business strategy and is focused on three strategic pillars:
responsible business, planning for the future, and supporting our people and communities.

2022-24 Sustainability Strategy
Strategic pillars
Responsible business

Planning for the future

Supporting our people
and communities

Focus areas
Safety and environment

Resilience andcustomer experience

People and community

Strategic outcomes
Everyone at Sydney
Airport goes home safe
every dayOur resilience isstrengthened and our
growth is sustainable

Our workforce is diverse,
engaged and supported
to develop and grow

Our environmental footprint
is reduced and our assets
are more efficient

We deliver exceptionalcustomer service

We support ourcommunity and use ourspend to do good

UN SDG contributions

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Sustainability at Sydney Airport

Responsible business

Planning for the future

Sustainability at Sydney Airport

Our approach to sustainability
This report reviews our 2023 sustainability performance, the second year of our 2022-24 Sustainability Strategy commitments.
Sydney Airport’s sustainability targets, announced in our 2021 Sustainability Report, underpin this strategy and drive continued
performance improvement in the focus areas of safety, environment, resilience, customer experience, people, and community.
These targets were informed by Sydney Airport’s survey of material sustainability issues for stakeholders, align with our values,and contribute to the fulfillment of the United Nations Sustainable Development Goals (UN SDGs).
Our performance against these commitments is discussed throughout this report.

2022-2024 sustainability targets
Responsible business

Planning for the future

SafetyZero class 11
injuries for employees
and contractors

Resilience
50% reduction in
Scope 3 emissions
from airport ground
operations by 20253,4

95% of people leaders
complete at least six high quality
health, safety and wellbeing
engagements per year

Environment
Net zeroby 2030 for Scope
1 and 2 emissions

Min. 5-star Green Star
New Buildings
Support 10%
Sustainable Aviation Fuelglobally by 20305

Customer Experience≥4.5 out of 5
average customer
satisfaction score6

100% renewableelectricity by 2025
YOY2 reductionin emissions/m2 andpotable water use

Supporting our people
and communities

People40 | 40 | 20
gender balance across SYD’s
leadership and overall 7≥80%
employee engagement≥15 training hours
per employee p.a.

Community
10% YOY
increase contribution
in community value 8
10% YOY
increase in spend
with social and Indigenous
enterprises

YOY2 reduction
in waste to landfill

1. Injury or illness which results in a fatality, total permanent disability or permanent partial disability.
2. Year on year, 2019 baseline.
3. Airport ground operations covers emissions from third party energy use, ground service equipment, Auxiliary Power Units (APU), waste, engine testing and fire training.
4. 2019 baseline.
5. Sydney Airport is a signatory to, and supporter of, the Clean Skies for Tomorrow Coalition, which has set an ambitious target to achieve 10% Sustainable Aviation Fuel(as a % of total global aviation fuel demand) by 2030.
6. Calculated ACI’s Service Quality survey metrics.
7. 40 per cent male, 40 per cent female, 20 per cent either gender, aligned to Workplace Gender Equality Agency.
8. As measured and verified by Business For Societal Impact.

Supporting our people and community

Performance data

09

Other information

Sustainability governance
The Board’s Safety, Security and Sustainability (SSS) Committee is responsible for overseeing and reviewing the effectiveness of
Sydney Airport’s policies, strategies, initiatives and systems in relation to sustainability performance and reporting. Throughout theyear, the SSS Committee met six times to assist the Board in overseeing sustainability performance and reporting.
The Environmental, Social and Governance (ESG) Steering Committee (SteerCo) has been established by Management tooversee and provide direction to the business on our Sustainability Strategy and targets. Various cross-functional working
groups across the business support the ESG SteerCo, which guide and deliver the various work streams and initiatives that
underpin the achievement of our Sustainability Strategy and targets.
Sydney Airport has four levels of ESG governance.

Board

Board
SSS Committee
ESG SteerCo

Management

Various working groups, e.g. Net Zero, Waste,
Electrification and Modern Slavery

In 2023, we introduced a new sustainability sponsorship structure to clarify ownership of the various sustainability workstreams
and initiatives in place across the organisation. This sponsorship structure brings together the key actions identified in our
climate risk register and the various initiatives that support the delivery of our Sustainability Strategy. These initiatives havebeen organised by business unit and will facilitate the development of objectives and key performance indicators (KPIs)
for teams and individuals. Reporting cadences have also been implemented to support improved internal reporting andgovernance processes.

Industry participation and advocacy
Sydney Airport participated in global, national, and local industry forums in 2023 to share and stay across best practicesustainability initiatives. During the year, we participated in the Australian Airports Association (AAA) Sustainability Working
Group, Airports Council International (ACI) Asia-Pacific and Middle East Regional Environment Committee, ACI World
Environment Standing Committee, Inter-Airport Environment Forum of Australia and New Zealand, and the Sustainable Aviation
Fuels Alliance of Australia and New Zealand (SAFAANZ).
We actively participated in the Australian Government’s Aviation Green Paper consultation process by submitting an extensive
Green Paper submission in December 2023, which can be found here.
We continue to support and participate in the Australian Government’s Aviation Jet Zero Council, through participation in the
AAA Sustainability Working Group.

Contributing to the United Nations Sustainable Development Goals
The United Nations Sustainable Development Goals (UN SDGs) seek to address the most significant challenges our world isfacing today. Our sustainability targets aim to contribute to the achievement of six UN SDGs. Details on what this means in thecontext of our airport is referenced throughout this report and available on our website.
Sydney Airport became a signatory to the United Nations Global Compact (UNGC) in 2017 and remains committed to thisinitiative and its principles. We are supportive of the UNGC’s Communication on Progress (CoP) initiative and submitted a
voluntary response in 2023.
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Sustainability at Sydney Airport

Responsible business

Planning for the future

Sustainability at Sydney Airport

Global Aviation trends
Sustainable Aviation Fuel is widely recognised as the primary pathway for aviation to credibly decarbonisein the medium-long term1.
Australia’s Aviation White Paper
The Australian Government is preparing
an Aviation White Paper which will set
the long-term policies to guide the next
generation of growth and innovation in
the aviation sector.
It will articulate the AustralianGovernment’s policies on desired
aviation outcomes in relation to safety,
competitiveness, sustainability andefficiency to ensure the sector isappropriately positioned to deliveraviation services for the Australianpublic out to 2050.
As part of that process, the Government
released a Green Paper for publiccomment in 2023.
Sydney Airport’s Aviation Green Paper
submission emphasised that a safe,
efficient, sustainable, productive andcompetitive aviation sector is critical tothe economy and the standard of livingof all Australians.
Sydney Airport emphasised that thesustainable growth of Sydney Airport
and the aviation sector is critical toachieving future employment, tourism
and development objectives at local,
state and national levels. Therefore,
effective regulation of the aviation
sector is crucial to the Australianeconomy, Sydney Airport’s day-to-day
operations and staff, and the millions ofpassengers who rely on Sydney Airport.
Several aspects of the legislative andregulatory framework that apply tothe aviation sector, and in particular
Sydney Airport, are no longer fit for
purpose. This has led to compromised
outcomes in terms of productivity andefficiency, and also in the context of theexperience for passengers, the local
community and the environment.2

In February 2024, the Federal
Government announced reforms to
Sydney Airport’s demand management
scheme, which will boost efficiency andcompetition and improve the experience
for the passengers. Sydney Airport
welcomes these changes and willcontinue to advocate for a collaborative
approach between government andindustry stakeholders to ensure aseamless, efficient, and sustainableaviation sector that delivers benefits forpassengers and Australia’s economy.
Sydney Airport’s Green Paper
submission also emphasised theimportance of Sustainable Aviation
Fuel (SAF) as the primary pathway foraviation to credibly decarbonise in themedium-long term1. Australia is wellplaced to become a significant global
producer of SAF and other renewablefuels, however, production of SAF in
Australia is dependent on the timely
development of clear government
policy to stimulate demand side andsupply side signals in the domestic
market. Sydney Airport collaborated
with Melbourne and Brisbane airports toform a joint industry position to advancea domestic SAF industry, which was
included in our Green Paper submission.
To view Sydney Airport’s Aviation Green
Paper submission, refer here.

Decarbonisation of theAviation Sector
Aviation currently contributes~2 per cent of global human-induced
GHG emissions3. As a ‘hard to abate’
sector, we anticipate the industry willcontinue to come under greater focus
and scrutiny as other industries, withclearer transition pathways, decarbonise
and transition to a net zero future.
Further, as a long-haul destination,
Australia is heavily reliant on air travelfor global connectivity with no viable
alternatives in the foreseeable future.

1. www.iata.org/en/programs/environment/roadmaps.
2. www.infrastructure.gov.au/sites/default/files/documents/agp2023-submission-c133-sydney-airport.pdf.
3. www.atag.org.
4. 2035 Emissions Reduction Targets | Climate Change Authority.
5. www.dcceew.gov.au.

Domestic connectivity is also heavily
dependent on air travel with limited
viable alternatives for inter- andintra‑state connection.
In response over recent years, theglobal aviation industry, through various
industry associations such as theInternational Civil Aviation Organisation(ICAO), International Air Transport
Association (IATA) and Air Transport
Action Group (ATAG) has committed toachieving net zero by 2050. The pathway
to a net zero aviation future will relyon significant improvements in airfield
and airspace efficiency, new propulsion
technologies, and more fuel-efficient
aircraft. However, in the medium- tolong-term, it is widely accepted that SAF
will be the primary pathway for aviation
to credibly decarbonise1.
While Australia is well placed to becomea significant global producer of SAF
and other renewable fuels, productionof SAF in Australia is dependent on thetimely development of clear government
policy to establish a local market andcatalyse private sector investment in
SAF refining capacity.
The Australian Government has
adopted emissions reduction targetsof 43 per cent below 2005 levels by
2030 and net zero emissions by 2050,
as well developing 2035 emission
reduction targets for Australia’s next
Nationally Determined Contribution(NDC)4. In July 2023, it implemented newreforms to the Safeguard Mechanism
requiring annual emissions reductions
for Australia’s largest emitters,
including our largest airlines5.
In June 2023, the Australian Government
announced the establishment of the Jet
Zero Council as a cross-sector forumof senior stakeholders from across theaviation industry. The Jet Zero Council
will inform the design of policy settings
to encourage emissions reduction,
provide senior industry leadership, andwork with industry to promote, mobilise
and galvanise industry efforts todecarbonise aviation.

Supporting our people and community

Performance data

Other information

11

In December 2023, the Jet Zero Council
published its first set of detailed Work
Items, which dictate the high-level
priorities for the Council in its firsttwo years of operation. They include
a number of work items to establish
the ‘building blocks’ of the regulatory
and social environment needed todecarbonise aviation, develop an
Australian SAF market and build
confidence for investment. Specificfor airports, the Jet Zero Council’s work
plan item #5 will focus on identifying
the changes required to airport
operations and infrastructure that will
support decarbonising aviation. Sydney
Airport is supporting this work plan via
participation in the AAA Sustainability
Working Group.
In July 2023, the Australian Government
announced the development ofgovernment-guided sectoral plans
to support Australia’s Net Zero 2050
plan, with a dedicated Transport andInfrastructure Net Zero Roadmap to
guide the transport sector’s transition
to net zero.
The Roadmap will coordinate our
future emissions reduction efforts andaccelerate decarbonisation across thetransport and transport infrastructure
sectors, including the aviationindustry. It will offer policy clarity tosupport investment decisions in the
decarbonisation of assets and fleets.
The development of the Roadmap will
support the consideration of proposals
to be considered in the Aviation
White Paper1.
Sydney Airport is supportive of theGovernment’s progress and will continue
to advocate for, and participate in,the continued policy developments to
support Australia’s sustainable aviationindustry.

1. Aviation Green Paper – Towards 2050
(infrastructure.gov.au).

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Sustainability at Sydney Airport

Responsible business

Planning for the future

Sustainability at Sydney Airport

Stakeholder engagement
We recognise that relationships with our stakeholders are vital to our long-term success, and that our
stakeholders have different interests, expectations, and interactions with us. Stakeholder feedback helps
inform the sustainability issues we consider to be material to Sydney Airport.
We regularly engage with our stakeholders about airport operations, proposed development and future planning via a rangeof channels outlined in the table below. Our Master Planning process also includes extensive stakeholder engagement.
To learn more about how we engage with our stakeholders, visit the Sustainability section of our website.

Our key stakeholders

Business andairline partners

Customers

Employees

Government
stakeholders

Owners anddebt investors

Community

Suppliers

Tourism bodies
and industry
associations

We continue to maintain andsupport multi-stakeholder
partnerships that mobilise
and share knowledge,
expertise and resources.

Supporting our people and community

Performance data

13

Other information

Sustainability at Sydney Airport

Material issues

In 2022, we surveyed our stakeholders on which material issues were most important to them and mapped these against thepriority issues for our business. Based on this, Sydney Airport conducted a materiality assessment, with reference to the Global
Reporting Initiative Standards (GRI Standards), to identify the sustainability issues that are most important to our stakeholders andthe long‑term sustainability of our business.
In 2023, the ESG SteerCo reviewed our 2022 materiality assessment and confirmed that these material issues are still relevant
and reflect their order of priority.
Sydney Airport’s material issues are listed by importance in the table below. Actions we have taken to manage these material
issues and any related impacts are discussed throughout this report.
Material Issue

Description

Safety and security

Managing health and safety risks and maintaining a strong safety culture, while providing a work
environment that protects the health and wellbeing of our people and people working at the airport.
Working collaboratively with airport stakeholders to provide and maintain a safe and secure airport
operating environment for airport users

Climate change

Building resilience to the physical and transition risks associated with climate change and taking action to
reduce our impacts, including through our energy use

Customer experience

Providing a superior customer experience for airlines and passengers

Employee attraction,
retention and development

Attracting, retaining and developing our people to ensure the success of our business

Environmental management

Operating an environmentally responsible airport, actively managing the use of resources and minimisingwaste. Protecting the local natural environment and biodiversity, and managing impacts on thesurrounding community

Airspace and airfield
operational efficiency

Working with government and airport partners to protect airspace and ensure efficient airspace design
and airfield operations

Operational efficiency andcontinuous improvement

Operating the airport efficiently and with agility to support governments, customers and business
partners while looking for ways to improve, such as through collaborative decision making

Sustainable designand development

Sustainably developing the airport to reduce impacts on the environment through efficiency
improvements, sustainable infrastructure design and strategic planning

Cyber security, technology
and innovation

Prepare, safeguard and respond to cyber attacks that could impact our operations
and those of our customers. Embracing future trends to create new opportunities

Fair and ethical businessRespecting and protecting human rights across all aspects of our operations and eliminating modern
slavery from our operations and supply chain. Maintaining an effective system of corporate governanceand building a culture to maintain high ethical standards and integrity. Responsible management of our
supply chain, working with suppliers to effectively manage environmental, social and governance risks

Business continuity andresilience

Designing and maintaining our facilities and operational plans to support continuity of operations under arange of different circumstances

Diversity and inclusion

Creating and managing a diverse and inclusive workforce, while contributing to the creation of an
inclusive society

Access to and from theairportEnsuring our airport users have a safe and efficient journey to and from the airport, and that a range oftransport modes are available to suit their preferences

Community investment andengagement

Supporting and connecting with our local community to build long-lasting relationships, continuing our
focus on creating a positive impact and advancing reconciliation

Aircraft noise

Working with government and airline partners to manage and mitigate noise impacts through aircraft slot
management/scheduling of aircraft movements and aircraft fleet modernisation

Economic contribution

The creation and distribution of economic value for our stakeholders

Sydney Airport | Sustainability Report 2023

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Sustainability at Sydney Airport

Responsible business

Planning for the future

Sustainability at Sydney Airport

Delivering on
our commitments

We have set ambitious sustainability targets for 2022-2024, that are aligned to the pillars of our 2022-2024
Sustainability Strategy. These targets are intended to drive continued performance improvements in safety,
environment, resilience, customer experience, people and community.
Refer below for Sydney Airport’s updated progress against these targets for 2023.
Not achieved

In progress

Significant progress

Achieved

Responsible business
Strategic Pillar

2022-2024 Sustainability Strategy target

SafetyZero class 11 injuries for employees andcontractors

0 class 1 injuries in 2023

≥95% of people leaders complete at leastsix high-quality health, safety & wellbeing(HSW) engagements per year2

99.4% of leaders completed 6 or more HSW
engagements in 2023

Net zero by 2030 for
Scope 1 and 2 emissions

Key initiatives identified in our Net Zero 2030 Roadmap
to be commenced in 2023 are currently on track, as ofDecember 2023. Refer to pages 21-22 for further details.

100% renewable electricity
by 20253

A renewable Purchase Power Agreement (PPA) has been
contracted for the equivalent of 100% of our electricity
supply, effective 1 January 2025.

YOY reduction in emissions/m2

Our emissions/m2 target was not achieved in 2023
(an increase of 1%) due to a reduction in overall square
meterage resulting from the P1 carpark closure.
However, we achieved a 6% reduction in total Scope
1 and 2 emissions in 2023, compared to 2022. Refer topage 20 for further details

YOY reduction in potable water use

Total potable water consumption increased by 5%
YoY, driven by a 33% increase in passengers as theaviation industry continues to recover from the COVID
pandemic. Refer to page 24 for further details

YOY reduction in waste to landfill

A contractual breach by our waste contractor has
meant that some of Sydney Airport’s waste was notrecovered through a recycling facility. This has meantthat we have not achieved our target in 2023. Refer topage 25 for details

We aim for everyone
at Sydney Airport togo home safe andwell every day
Environment
We aim to reduce
our environmental
footprint, andmake our assets
more efficient

2023 progress update and commentary

1. Injury or illness which results in a fatality, total permanent disability or permanent partial disability.
2. This target was increased to a total of six engagements per year in 2023, up from four in 2022.
3. Achieving 100 per cent renewable electricity by 2025 through onsite solar PV and procurement of renewable electricity with large-scale generation certificates whichmatch/offset our consumption.

Supporting our people and community

Performance data

15

Other information

Planning for the future
Resilience
We aim to strengthen
our resilience, andensure our growth issustainable

Customer experience
We aim to be Sydney’s
airport of choice, anddeliver exceptionalcustomer service

50% reduction in Scope 3 emissions
from airport ground operations by 20251,2

Scope 3 emissions from ground operations increased
by 9% vs 2022, driven by a 14% increase in aircraft
movements as the aviation industry continues torecover from the COVID pandemic. Refer to page 20
for details

Minimum 5-star Green Star New
Buildings

No new builds in 2023 that meet the eligibility criteria

Support 10% Sustainable Aviation Fuelglobally by 2030

Sydney Airport’s SAF advocacy program continues.
Refer to pages 33-35 for details≥4.5 out of 5 average customer
satisfaction score3

Our customer experience score was 3.98 in 2023,
up from 3.85 in 20224

Supporting our people and community
PeopleWe aim for a diverse,
engaged and supported
workforce

Community
We aim to support ourcommunity and use ourspend to do good

40 | 40 | 20 gender balance5 across Sydney
Airport’s leadership and overall

Our overall gender balance in 2023 was 37.39%
in 2023. Refer to page 46 for details≥80% employee engagement

Engagement score of 78% in 2023, up from 75%
in 2022≥15 training hours per employee p.a.

22.3 training hours delivered per employee in 2023

10% YOY increase contribution incommunity value6

25% YoY increase in 2023

10% YOY increase in spend with socialand Indigenous enterprises

24%7 YoY increase in 2023

1. Airport ground operations covers emissions from third party energy use, ground service equipment, Auxiliary Power Units (APU), waste, engine testing and fire training.
2. 2019 baseline.
3. Calculated using ACI’s Service Quality survey metrics.
4. The metric calculation methodology used for these results has changed since the target was set. This is impacting our ability to meet the pre set target of 4.5 out of 5,as the scoring frameworks are inconsistent.
5. 40 per cent male, 40 per cent female, 20 per cent either gender, aligned to Workplace Gender Equality Agency.
6. As measured and verified by Business For Societal Impact.
7. In 2023, we expanded our definition of Social and Indigenous procurement, which was “direct procurement with Social Traders certified enterprises, Supply Nation certified
organisations and an Australian Charities and Not-for-profits Commission registered organisation with the intention of the purchase being the supply of goods or services”
to also include “direct spend with BCorp certified organisations.” This decision was made to ensure we wholly and accurately capture all of our social and indigenous
procurement spend. Our 2022 spend has been recalculated and restated under this new definition to reflect this.

Sydney Airport | Sustainability Report 2023

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Sustainability at Sydney Airport

Responsible business

Planning for the future

Responsible business2023 performance highlights

22.3 training hours
delivered per employee1(

from 19.2 hours in 2022)

A renewable Power
Purchase Agreement (PPA)
has been contracted forthe equivalent of 100% of
Sydney Airport’s electricity supply
Effective 1 January 20252

Recipient of the IFM
Investors’ Community Grant
for our Bringing Country back to
Wetlands Project in partnershipwith Wildflower

Safety and security
SafetySafety Management System
Our Safety Management System (SMS)
covers aviation safety, work health andsafety, wellbeing, emergency, and safety
training and applies to all workers at
Sydney Airport including employees,
contractors, sub-contractors, in-house
consultants, and volunteers.

Safety culture
We recognise that a strong safety
culture plays a vital role in improving
safety performance. In 2023, we
conducted a safety culture survey that
informed us of employee perceptionsof health and safety and identified
areas to improve cultural maturity.
Leadership behaviours continue tobe a focus and safety KPIs for leaders
were updated in 2023, requiring>95 per cent of leaders to complete
six health, safety and wellbeing(HSW) engagements for the year
(up from four or more required in2022). In 2023, we achieved thistarget, with 99.4 per cent of ourleaders completing six or more HSW
engagements. We also maintained
safety targets for all employees
and people leaders in their annual
performance goals and objectives
for 2023.

To ensure everyone works safely at
Sydney Airport and goes home safe
and well, we encourage everyone at the
airport to report all hazards, near misses
and incidents. In 2023, we refreshed theprocesses for organisational learningand revised our approach towards our
Safety governance forums to improve
the way we review high-potential
incidents, focusing on potential
consequences. We also launched arefreshed induction program for all
airport workers, including contractors
and stakeholders, Airside Aware andTerminal Aware, during Airport Safety
Month in October.

Injury performance
We worked hard throughout the year
to improve injury performance among
our people. We focused our safety
improvement efforts in high-risk areas
and recorded zero Class 1 injuries
in 2023.
Our Total Recordable Injury Frequency
Rate (TRIFR) for Sydney Airport
employees reduced to 6.7 in 2023 (downfrom 12.6 in 2022) and our employee
Lost Time Injury Frequency Rate (LTIFR)
reduced to 3.3 (down from 6.3 in 2022).
This reflects 8 recordable injuries in total
in 2023, which is an improvement from12 recordable injuries in 2022.

Unfortunately, our service providers’safety performance decreased this year,with the number of recordable injuries
increasing from 16 in 2022 to 27 in 2023,
reflecting the increase in staff numbers
and work. This resulted in an increased
TRIFR for service providers of 7.8, up
from 7.0 in 2022. The 2023 TRIFR rate
for service providers however remains
an improvement on pre-pandemic
injury performance.
In 2023, our passenger incident rate (asmeasured by the number of first aid andmedical treatment injuries per 100,000
passengers) reduced to 1.16, down from
1.23 in 2022.

Supporting mental health andbuilding resilience
Sydney Airport continues to support
the mental health and wellbeing of ourpeople. Our 2023 Health and Wellbeing
program provided subsidies for
employees to invest in their wellbeing,
access to Employee Assistance Program(EAP) services, and provision for
employees to take up to three wellbeing
days a year.
Our team of accredited mental healthfirst aiders continued to grow this year,
bringing our total to 67 employees
trained in mental health first aid,
reaching 12 per cent of our employees.

1. 22.3 average training hours per Sydney Airport employee delivered in 2023.
2. Achieving 100% renewable electricity by 2025 through onsite solar PV and procurement of renewable electricity with large-scale generation certificates whichmatch/offset our consumption.

Supporting our people and community

Performance data

Other information17

Airport Safety month
Airport Safety Month was a key initiative on the airport
calendar in 2023, as we celebrated National Safe WorkMonth and Airport Safety Week, in the month of October.
We finished the month with the inaugural Home Safe andWell Open Day, which encouraged airport workers to bring
their families to the airport to experience firsthand how
our airport safety practices ensure their loved ones gohome safe and well each day.
We had a few new events this year, including a ‘walk intheir shoes’ day, where many of our leaders were able toget out to the front lines with our workforce as well as our
stakeholders to experience an area of the operation.
We also facilitated a wetland planting program for staff forWorld Mental Health Day and held a formal gathering torecognize the winners of our Safety Recognition Program.

Contractor management

Aviation safety

In 2023, we undertook additional
monitoring to improve contractor
safety compliance and we performed
targeted verification audits on our
Critical Risks Standards.

Aviation safety is a critical aspect to airside operations. The Sydney Airport Airfieldteams have a responsibility to undertake various tasks to meet regulatory compliance,
monitor safety functions and performance and report incidents. Safety is assessed
through a combination of factors including accident/incident investigations, training,ongoing safety initiatives and trends and analysis of safety systems data.

We also reviewed our health andsafety standards and requirements forprequalification of contractors prior tocommencing physical works at Sydney
Airport. The new revised approachprovides a consistent ‘no-prequalno-work’ approach for engaging
contractors working at Sydney Airport.

The Airfield teams have spent a total of 23,276 safety hours in 2023. This is a significant
increase from 16,370 aviation safety hours spent in 2022, reflecting the ongoingcommitment to improving aviation safety outcomes at the airport. There were zeroaviation accidents in 2023.

Training
Throughout 2023, we continued toinvest in health and safety training forour people, by providing a broad rangeof training across safety, resilience,
health, wellbeing, compliance, andsustainability. A total of 13,169 hours of
employee training was delivered thisyear, with health and safety training
contributing over 25 per cent of thesehours. An average of 22.3 hours of
training were delivered per employee
in 2023. This exceeded our targetof at least 15 training hours per
employee per year and is a significant
increase from 19.2 hours delivered
per employee in 2022.

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Sustainability at Sydney Airport

Responsible business

Planning for the future

Responsible business

Safety and security

Wildlife trends and strikes
The wildlife strike rate (as measured
by wildlife strikes per 10,000 aircraft
movements) increased in 2023 to 3.66,
up from 2.76 in 2022. Wildlife strikes willvary from year to year and there are anumber of factors that can influencebird strikes at Sydney Airport.
Particularly for 2023, weather was asubstantial factor, with a number ofsignificant rain events occurring during
the year. Adverse weather patterns caninfluence food sources on the airport
for various species (e.g. Silver Gulls),
which can impact their associatedflight patterns and adversely impact
their susceptibility to aircraft strikes.
The other influencing factor was thepresence of Grey-headed Flying Fox
camps in the Sydney basin during theyear. Depending on where the foodsource is located in Sydney, Greyheaded Flying Foxes may traverse acrossSydney Airport to the destination ofthis food source. In 2023, there wasunfortunately a rise in the numberof flying fox strikes which directly
contributed to the increase in theoverall wildlife strikes for the year. Whilst
this is challenging to manage, Sydney
Airport undertakes additional flying fox
monitoring at dusk during the spring andsummer months and advises Air Traffic
Control (ATC) when needed, if numbers
exceed specified thresholds. The aviation
safety threat of wildlife strikes continues
to be exacerbated by Sydney Water’sMill Stream sewage overflows. Refer topage 27 for further details.

Security
Security at Sydney Airport underpins our organisation and ensures the confidenceof all airport community stakeholders is maintained.
In 2023, Sydney Airport implemented a number of initiatives across the terminals toimprove the average wait times of passengers passing through security screening.
This included the installation of 6 new computed tomography (CT) security lanes at
the T1 international terminal.
As a result of these initiatives, security performance improved significantly. In
2023, 99.3 per cent of passengers waited <15 minutes1 to get through security at T1
international terminal. At T2 domestic terminal, 100 per cent of passengers waited <15
minutes1, and at T3 domestic terminal, 99.7 per cent of passengers waited <15 minutes1.
We plan to continue our investment in security upgrade works across the precinct
throughout 2024 that will aim to further improve both security outcomes and thepassenger experience.

Emergency Management
Sydney Airport conducts a full-scale emergency exercise every two years withthe emergency agencies to test response procedures and protocols. This was last
performed in October 2022 and is planned to be conducted in 2024.

We continue to work with
our airport partners to drive
continuous improvement inour safety performance.

1. Based on security wait time distribution data from 1 January 2023 to 31 December 2023.

Supporting our people and community

Performance data

19

Other information

Responsible business

Environmental management
Environmental management system
We are committed to continuous improvement in our environmental performance at the airport.
Our risk-based approach to environmental management is detailed in the Airport Environment Strategy (AES) 2019-2024, which
can be found on our website. Sydney Airport is on target to deliver all objectives outlined within the term of this AES.
In our efforts to continue strengthening and driving improved environmental management, we commenced a review andoverhaul of our ISO 14001-aligned environmental management system (EMS). The review process will continue into 2024, andonce complete, it will deliver updated and improved responses to environmental risks and drive us to continue achieving a highenvironmental management standard.

Climate Change
Greenhouse gas emissions
Emissions under our operational control (Scope 1 and 2 emissions) were 76,149 tCO2e in 2023. This represents a 6 per cent decreasein Scope 1 and 2 emissions compared to 2022. Electricity use (Scope 2 emissions) was again the largest contributor to our carbon
footprint in 2023, accounting for 91 per cent of Scope 1 and 2 emissions. Total Scope 1 and 2 emissions accounted for 13 per centof our total emissions (Scope 1, 2 and 3 emissions).

Scope 1 emissions

Energy consumption

Scope 1 emissions in 2023 were 6,508 tCO2e. Sydney Airport’s Scope 1
emissions are primarily made up of natural gas used for thermal heating (73per cent) and transport fuels used by Sydney Airport and contractor vehicles
across the precinct (17 per cent). Scope 1 emissions remained consistentcompared to 2022 (~1 per cent decrease).

Total energy consumed in 2023
remained consistent with 2022
at 456,089 GJ (up by 0.1 percent from 2022), despite a33 per cent YoY increase inpassengers travelling throughthe airport. This was achieved
through energy savings deliveredby efficiency improvement
initiatives, which were able
to offset the increase inenergy demand required toaccommodate the increasein passengers. Refer to page 22
for further details on our energy
efficiency initiatives deliveredin 2023.

Scope 2 emissions
Scope 2 emissions in 2023 were 69,641 tCO2e, driven by electricity usage
across the airport precinct (excludes tenant electricity use). This is a 6 percent decrease in Scope 2 emissions compared to 2022. Whilst our overall
energy demand increased in 2023 as a result of the 33 per cent YoY increasein passengers, we were able to offset this with energy savings from our energy
efficiency programs. This was further supported by a reduction in the NSW
grid emissions factor (as a result of an improved renewable energy mix).

Sydney Airport’s Scope 1 and 2 footprint YoY

Sydney Airport’s Scope 1 and 2
footprint 2023 (tCO2e)100,000
80,00077,865

112
74,346

69,641

108

60,000106

40,000104

20,0000

Scope 1 (tCO2e)

110

5,755

6,603

6,508

2019

2022

2023

Scope 2 (tCO2e)

Emissions intensity (Total tCO2e/m2)

102
100Electricity (69,641)

Natural Gas (4,777)

Transport Fuels (1,079)

Other (512)

Stationary Fuels (139)Sydney Airport | Sustainability Report 2023

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Sustainability at Sydney Airport

Responsible business

Planning for the future

Responsible business

Environmental management

Emissions intensity

Scope 3 emissions

In 2023, our Scope 1 and 2
emissions intensity (as measured
by Scope 1 1 and Scope 2
emissions/total m2 area of the
airport) was 106.2 kg/m2, incomparison to 104.8 kg/m2 in
2022. This 1 per cent increasein emissions intensity was
primarily driven by the closureand demolition of the P1 carpark(equivalent to a 58,018m2 or 8
per cent reduction in the totalsquare meterage of the airport’sbuilding footprint). This has
disproportionately negatively
impacted the intensity result,as our carparks are less energyintensive than other precinct
areas. As a result, we have justmissed achieving our 2022 - 2024
target of YoY reduction in Scope 1
and 2 emissions/m2 for 2023.

Scope 3 emissions in 2023 were 489,103 tCO2e, representing 87 per centof our total emissions (Scope 1, 2 and 3 emissions). Total Scope 3 emissions
increased by 9 per cent compared to 2022, which was primarily driven by
the 14 per cent YoY increase in aircraft movements and the 33 per cent YoY
increase in passengers travelling to and from the airport.

However, our absolute Scope 1
and 2 emissions have decreasedby 6 per cent from 2022, despitea 33 per cent YoY increase inpassenger numbers. This reduction
contributes directly to our Net
Zero 2030 commitment, so we arepleased with this achievement.
We remain committed to achieving
Net Zero Scope 1 and 2 emissions
by 2030. Refer below for further
details on SYD’s Net Zero 2030
Roadmap and key achievements
Sydney Airport has made against
this roadmap for 2023.

The majority of our Scope 3 emissions in 2023 were made up of aircraft
Landing and Take off (LTO) cycle emissions (up to 3,000 feet). LTO emissions
in 2023 were 317,026 tCO2e, a 13 per cent increase from 2022. This increasereflects the 14 per cent YoY increase in aircraft movements as the aviationindustry continues to recover towards pre-pandemic levels.
Surface Access emissions, driven by passengers, Sydney Airport staff
and airport workers travelling to and from the airport, were 90,937 tCO2eemissions in 2023. This was a 5 per cent decrease from 2022. This wasprimarily driven by changes to the mix of modes by which people travelled toand from the airport in 2023 (e.g. train2, bus, car) and updated assumptions
regarding average distances travelled.
In 2023, our Scope 3 emissions from Airport Ground Operations were 80,824
tCO2e, which is a 9 per cent increase compared to 2022. Ground operations
emissions comprise of emissions related to: aircraft auxiliary power unit (APU)
usage, ground service equipment (GSE) fuel usage, tenant energy use, waste,engine testing and Aviation Rescue and Fire Fighting Service. This increase isreflective of the 14 per cent increase in aircraft movements compared to 2022.
Despite this YoY increase, we remain committed to achieving our target of 50
per cent reduction in Scope 3 emissions from airport ground operations by2025 (versus a 2019 baseline).
This year, we also began a deep dive review into our Scope 3 emissions
modelling, to ensure we continue to improve the accuracy and availabilityof our Scope 3 data sets and underlying assumptions. We plan to continue thisreview throughout 2024, and update our Scope 3 emissions data and baselines
where required. This will include estimating full flight emissions as part of our
Scope 3 footprint as per the requirements of Airport Carbon Accreditation
Level 4+ (Transition). We expect that this will have a material impact on ouroverall emissions footprint.
Refer to the Climate Resilience section of this report, and our 2023 Responseto the recommendations of the Taskforce on Climate-Related Financial
Disclosures (TCFD), for further details on our progress against our Scope 3
emissions reductions initiatives for 2023.

Sydney Airport's Scope 3 footprint 2023 (tCO2e)

Sydney Airport's total carbon footprint 2023 (tCO2e)Landing and Take Off (317,026)
Surface Access (90,937)
Third party energy (44,066)
Ground Support Equipment (13,704)

Scope 1 (6,508)

Auxiliary Power Unit (13,311)

Scope 2 (69,641)

Waste (9,142)

Scope 3 (489,103)

Engine testing (537)Corporate travel (316)
Aviation Rescue and Fire Fighting (64)

1. Excludes Scope 1 emissions related to transport fuels.
2. Sydney Trains‘ renewable PPA has significantly reduced emissions related to passenger and staff train travel.

Supporting our people and community

Performance data

21

Other information

Net Zero (Scope 1 and 2 emissions) by 2030
In May 2021, we announced our commitment to achieve Net Zero for emissions under our operational control (Scope 1 andScope 2 emissions) by 2030. We have developed a detailed roadmap to support this commitment, which the SAAH Board
approved in 2023. This roadmap details the key initiatives that Sydney Airport plans to implement to reduce and eventuallyeliminate our emissions (where practicable), and the estimated timing and potential emissions savings from these initiatives.
Our Net Zero Roadmap directly addresses our Scope 1 and 2 emissions, which accounted for 13 per cent of our total emissions
footprint (Scope 1, 2 and 3 emissions) in 2023.
During 2023, we made significant progress on a number of the initiatives identified in our Net Zero 2030 roadmap.
SCOPE 1 EMISSIONSREMAINING
EMISSIONSSCOPE 2 EMISSIONSElectrify
vehicle andbus fleet

Switchbuilding thermal
systems to electricalternatives

Reduceenergy use throughenergy efficiency
measures

Replacegrid electricity
with onsite
solar generation

Purchase
renewable electricity
under power purchaseagreements

Decarbonise
New South Wales
grid electricity
network

Removeresidual emissions
through carbon removal
credit procurement

1%

3%

14%

3%

49%

28%

2%

% contribution to overall achievement of Net Zero Roadmap for Scope 1 and 2 emissions by 2030.

Layered Net zero 2030 roadmap — Scope 1 and 2 emissions (tCO2e)
Our trajectory towards net zero is outlined in our layered roadmap below.
120,000

tCO2e

80,00040,0000
2019
Residual emissions

2020

2021

Refrigerants

Renewable energy procurement

2022
Grid decarbonisation

2023

2024

2025

Energy efficiency measures

Onsite thermal electrification

Carbon removal

2026

2027

Electrification of cars/buses

2028

2029

2030

Electric gensets

Solar PV

Baseline emissions

Sydney Airport secures the equivalent of 100% renewable electricity for 2025 onwards
Contractual negotiations for Sydney Airport’s future
electricity supply have been completed, which will secure
the equivalent of 100 per cent renewable electricity for
the Sydney Airport precinct from 1 January 2025, througha contractual Power Purchase Agreement (PPA).

The equivalent of 100 per cent renewable electricity
by 2025 will be achieved through large-scale generation
certificates, which will match/offset the Airport’s
electricity consumption. This supports the achievementof our target to achieve 100 per cent renewable electricity
by 2025.

Sydney Airport | Sustainability Report 2023

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Sustainability at Sydney Airport

Responsible business

Planning for the future

Responsible business

Environmental management
Energy efficiency and energy
management
Energy efficiency measures delivered in
2023 will likely deliver a reduction of up
to 7.6 GWh of annual energy consumption(representing a ~11 per cent decrease
to Sydney Airport’s 2019 baseline load).
These energy savings are anticipated todeliver approximately 6,000 tCO2e ofannual Scope 2 emissions reductions.
Two key programs have delivered the
majority of these energy savings;• An extensive LED lighting upgrade
program continued in 2023, focusing
on terminal buildings and runways.
These LED replacements aim todeliver an overall energy consumption
saving of ~4.6GWh per year, which
are expected to deliver an emissions
reduction of ~3,031 tCO2e per year.
• Our T1 international terminal heating,ventilation & air conditioning (HVAC)
optimisation program was completed
in late 2022, which resulted in ~1.8GWhof energy savings in 2023. This programis expected to deliver an emissions
reduction of ~1,377 tCO2e per year.
In 2023, we finalised an Energy Efficiency
Framework, benchmarked against
Energy Management Systems standard
ISO 50001, with an action plan underway
in 2024. This framework is intended toprovide a structured approach to energy
management to operationalise our net
zero commitments. This Framework aims
to align with the ISO50001, a provenapproach to achieving continuous
improvement in energy performance.

Solar PV panels
In May 2023, we commenced a Solar
Panel PV feasibility assessment, withthe support of industry specialists,
to determine suitable locations andgenerating capacity for additional
solar panels to be installed acrossthe precinct, in line with our Net Zero
Roadmap. This work will continue into
2024, with the first tranche of solar
panel capital works approvals due in
2024, which will aim to deliver at least
3.4MW of additional solar capacity
to the airport.

Fleet vehicle electrification

Sydney Airport replaces 384
lights on the 3rd Runway(16L/34R) with LED technology
In September 2023, we completed
our LED lighting upgrade programon the 3rd Runway (16L/34R).
The 18-month project involved
meticulous planning, including
approvals, contract preparation,tendering, international manufacturing,shipping, customs clearance, and a
20-person crew replacing 384 LED
fittings in just two days.
Stakeholder engagement was crucial,with extensive consultations with
the Civil Aviation Safety Authority(CASA), Air services Australia (airtraffic control), airlines, weather
monitoring, and more.
Sydney Airport’s AGL (Aeronautical
Ground Lighting) team played apivotal role in the program, with
their expertise in managing complex
runway lighting systems being key
to the successful delivery.
The LED upgrade aligns with our
Sustainability Strategy and Net
Zero commitment to delivering key
benefits, including:• energy efficiency• longer lifespan• emissions savings

In June 2023, we commenced thedevelopment of a vehicle electrification
strategy to support the transition of
Sydney Airport’s light fleet vehicle toelectric vehicle (EV) alternatives. The
objective of the strategy is to identify
and optimise a pathway to replace ourexisting Internal Combustion Engine(ICE) vehicles with electric alternatives
out to 2030, in line with expectedindustry technology availability andexisting fleet renewal plans, to ensure
the replacement cycle is both efficientand meets the requirements of our Net
Zero 2030 Roadmap. This program isanticipated to transition up to 65 lightvehicles between now and 2030. The EV
strategy aims to also identify and assess

all suitable locations across the precinct
for installation of EV charging stations,as well as model the expected increasein energy demand, to ensure ourinfrastructure can successfully support
the EV transition. This work will continue
into 2024.

Carbon Offsets
In 2023, we offset 1,395 tCO2e, which
covers Sydney Airport’s transportrelated Scope 1 emissions and staff
travel-related Scope 3 emissions.
Offsets were sourced from internationaland Australian emissions avoidance
projects (a wind farm and savanna fire
management project).
Looking forward, it is estimated that

Supporting our people and community

Performance data

Sydney Airport will have some residual
Scope 1 emissions (approximately
6,000 tCO2e) remaining to be offset
to achieve our carbon neutralitycommitment (in line with the Airport
Carbon Accreditation Level 4+) andapproximately 2,500 tCO2e by 2030
as part of our Net Zero 2030 (Scope 1
and 2 emissions) commitment. We
expect that Sydney Airport’s Scope
2 emissions (market-based) will
have been eliminated through theprocurement of renewable electricity(matching consumption with large-scale
generation certificates) from 1 January2025 onwards.
To support this carbon offset
procurement, a carbon offsetting
strategy is under development, withthe support of industry specialists, tobuild and optimise our procurement
framework for the purchase of carbon
credits, which are intended to be
surrendered to offset Sydney Airport’s
residual Scope 1 and 2 emissions from2025 (for ACA Level 4+) and from 2030
(for Net Zero Scope 1 and 2).
The offset strategy will consider various
offset attributes (e.g. offset type,vintage, permanence, additionality,
co-benefits, location and counterparty
credibility, etc.) to ensure Sydney
Airport procures carbon creditsthat meet its requirements and limit
exposure to risk.
As part of this strategy development,
we are also exploring opportunities
for developing a bespoke blue
carbon removal (seagrass-basedcarbon sequestration) program inpartnership with external industry
experts. This program will aim tosupplement a portion of our carbon
removal offset requirements as partof our Net Zero 2030 (scope 1 and 2
emissions) commitment.
The carbon offset strategy is due
for completion in Q2 2024.

Our pathway to net zeroincludes energy efficiency
initiatives and renewableenergy generation.

23

Other information

Air quality and air
emissions
We measure and report other air
emissions using the AustralianGovernment’s National Pollutant
Inventory (NPI) framework1.
In 2023, our VOC (Volatile Organic
Compound) emissions from the Jet
Fuel Infrastructure facility (JFI) were
6,585 kg. Whilst this represents a
33 per cent increase from the 4,933 kg
reported in 2022, this trend is in linewith the increase in jet fuel facilitatedthrough the JFI as a result of the YoY
increase in aircraft movements (as theaviation industry continues to recover
towards pre-pandemic levels).
Sydney Airport has continued toundertake quarterly VOCs sampling at
the airport and in adjacent suburbs. The
results indicate low VOC concentrations.
Sydney Airport has operated andmaintained an air quality monitoring
station (AQMS) to collect and compare
air quality data to national guidelines
since 2018. Across the 12-monthmonitoring period, air pollutant
concentrations measured at Sydney
Airport were similar in magnitude andshowed similar seasonal trends tothose measured at the nearby NSW
Department of Climate Change, Energy,
the Environment and Water monitoring
stations of Earlwood and Randwick.
No air quality criteria exceedances were
attributed to airport operations during2023. However, four exceedances of the
24-hour average PM10 criterion occurred
on 6 February 2023, 6 April 2023, 18,
and 19 April 2023. The prevailing winddirection on these days was easterly
or north-easterly, which suggests theexceedances were likely caused by dust
mobilised from nearby construction
sites or unsealed areas.
To supplement our AQMS, seven mobile
air quality sensors were installedat Sydney Airport during the year.
Data was reported after one year ofmonitoring (July 2022 to August 2023).
Early conclusions on the pollutant
levels observed during prevailing windspeeds and directions indicate that the
key source of PM2.5 were identified
as from the same direction as vehicle
traffic, Port Botany or other surrounding
industrial activities.

Contamination
We are committed to applying the
precautionary principle to protect
human health and the environment
in relation to per-and poly-fluoroalkyl
substances (PFAS) at Sydney Airport.
We continue to advocate with theAustralian Government on a polluterpays approach to the management
and remediation of PFAS contaminationin accordance with the PFAS
National Environmental Management
Plan 2.0 (2020).
In 2023, we continued to expand ourunderstanding of the sources andimpacts of legacy PFAS contamination
at Sydney Airport. One of the highest
risk sites, Airservices Australia’s current
Fire Training Ground, was chosen totarget further investigative efforts
to close any data gaps and finalise arisk assessment that could be used tobolster our advocacy to the regulator
and to Airservices Australia to drive
improved environmental performanceacross sites under their control.
Sydney Airport wants to ensure that
adequate measures are implemented
to ensure the highest level of safety forour people, contractors, passengers,
community, and key stakeholders.
We have also progressed our foamtransition program at the Jet FuelInfrastructure depot and set a target
to transition to fluorine-free foams
by 2028.
Sydney Airport is committed
to continuously improving ourcontamination management andhas developed an airport-wide
Contaminated Sites Management Plan
(CSMP), which the SSS endorsed during
the year. The CSMP was developed
following best practice guidelines
and established clear guidance forinvestigating, assessing, and managing
contamination across the airport estate.
You can read more about ourapproach to PFAS management in the
Sustainability section of our website.

1. VOC emissions are reported as per NPI definition and fugatives from storage were calculated using US EPA Tanks. This is in line with the 2022 methodology.

Sydney Airport | Sustainability Report 2023

24

Sustainability at Sydney Airport

Responsible business

Planning for the future

Responsible business

Environmental management
Water management
Total water consumption (including recycled water) in 2023 was 628,496 KL. This is an increase of 6 per cent from 2022. This
increase was primarily driven by a 33 per cent increase in passenger numbers compared to 2022, as the airport continues torecover towards pre-pandemic levels. Whilst total water consumption increased, the water consumption intensity, as measured bytotal water consumed per passenger (L/pax), improved by around 20 per cent YoY, reducing from 20.3 L/pax in 2022 to 16.3 L/pax
in 2023. This is also a significant improvement from our pre-pandemic baseline year of 2019, where total water intensity was 20.7 L/
pax. Several water efficiency initiatives, including water saving flushes and taps and dual plumbing installed in terminal bathrooms,
have contributed to this improvement.
Sydney Airport's water consumption YoY
800,000

16

15

14.1

14

600,000

12
11.2

10

400,000

8
6200,000

4

0

0

2
2019
Total water consumption (KL)2022
Potable water consumption (KL)In 2021, we set a target to achieve yearon-year reductions in potable water
use from a 2019 baseline. In 2023, total
potable water consumption (excluding
recycled water) was 431,650 KL, which
represents a 5 per cent increase
from 2022. Again, this was primarily
driven by a 33 per cent increase inpassengers compared to 2022. Whilst
it is acknowledged that we did notachieve our target in 2023, we areseeing positive trends in potable water
intensity, as measured by total potablewater consumed per passenger (L/pax), which improved by 21 per centYoY, reducing from 14.1 L/pax in 2022 to
11.2L/pax in 2023.

2023

Potable water intensity (L/pax)

As passenger numbers stabilise, andwater improvement initiatives continue
to be implemented throughout 2024,
we are committed to realising YoY
reductions in the total water consumed
across the precinct.
Throughout 2023, we continued toutilise our onsite water treatment plantat the T1 international terminal to treat
wastewater from the terminal for re-use
across the T1 precinct.

We are proud of the fact that the toilets
in the T1 international terminal, Nigel
Love Building (corporate office) and
Rydges Hotel all use recycled water fromthe water treatment plant. Further, thecooling towers at the T1 internationalterminal use reverse osmosis water, andon hot days, potable water top-ups. The
water recycling plant directly reduces
our reliability on potable water from theexternal network.
In 2023, a total of 196,839 KL of water
was recycled and consumed throughthe plant. This represents 31 per cent of
the total water consumed across theSydney Airport precinct.

Supporting our people and community

Performance data

Waste management
The total waste generated at Sydney
Airport in 2023 was 5,830 tonnes. 935
tonnes of this waste was recycled anddiverted from landfill, representing
22 per cent of Sydney Airport’s total
non-biosecurity waste. This included
119 tonnes of organic waste, which wasrecovered and diverted from landfill forpart of the year. In 2023, 3,310 tonnesof waste was sent to landfill.
A proportion of the waste generated at
the airport is classified as biosecurity
and cannot be recycled due toregulatory requirements for its disposal.
This biosecurity waste accounted for
27 per cent (1,585 tonnes) of total waste
generated in 2023.
The total waste generated in 2023
represents a 36 per cent increase
from 2022. This is primarily driven by
a 33 per cent increase in passenger
numbers compared to 2022, as the
airport continues to recover towards
pre-pandemic levels. Whilst the total
waste generated across the precinct
has increased YoY, waste intensity, as ameasure of total waste per passenger(kg/pax), has remained stable at 0.15 kg/
pax across 2022 and 2023.

Waste contract breach
In June 2023, we commenced aninvestigation into the recycling being
undertaken on our behalf by Veolia,
Sydney Airport’s third-party waste
collection provider. It was discoveredthat all of our general waste was being
sent to the Woodlawn Bioreactor
Landfill site. This was in breach of
our contractual agreements, which
stipulated that Sydney Airport’s generalwaste was to be sent to a resource
recovery facility, where at least 30 per
cent of our general waste was to be
recovered and recycled (and thereby
diverted from landfill).

25

Other information

This resource recovery facility wasclosed in March 2022, however
Sydney Airport was not notified at
the time. Veolia has since informed usthat there are no resource recovery
processes available at the Woodlawn
site, nor is there any sortation facility
in NSW capable of processing Sydney
Airport’s general waste to achieve
post‑collection recovery going forward.
Further, in January 2024, Veolia
confirmed that from November 2022 toJuly 2023, our organics waste stream
was not being sent to the dedicatedorganics recovery site, per ourcontractual arrangement, and instead
was being sent to Veolia’s landfill site,
Woodlawn. From July 2023, Veolia
re-commenced the disposal of ourorganics waste stream at a dedicatedorganics recovery site.
As a result, Sydney Airport’s waste
results for 2022 and 2023 have been
negatively impacted and our target ofyear-on-year reduction in ‘Waste toLandfill’ has not been achieved.
We are disappointed with this outcome
and we are focused on how to rectify
this issue. We have recently engaged
an external waste contractor to review
our internal waste processes acrossthe precinct, which will support thedevelopment of a renewed waste
strategy to improve outcomes going
forward. We have installed onsite scales
at T2 domestic terminal as a trial to
improve collection of waste data, which
will deliver further insights to inform
our future waste strategy. Various otherwaste improvement opportunities arealso being explored.

We are also working with the
Department of Agriculture to propose
amendments to existing rules which
enforce mandatory sterilized landfill
disposal (via autoclaving or othermechanisms) of all waste generated at
the T1 International terminal departures(airside), thereby prohibiting any
recovery of recyclable or organic
waste from this area. Sydney Airport
considers this waste stream low riskin terms of biosecurity hazard and istherefore hopeful such a legislativechange can be effected to improveoverall landfill diversion rates at the
T1 international terminal.
We plan to deliver a renewed waste
strategy, and supporting waste targets
in 2024.

Waste reporting correction
Because of Veolia’s contractual
breaches, our total waste-to-landfill
for 2022 is higher than originallyreported in the 2022 Sustainability
Report. Specifically, our reported waste
recycling rate (%) for 2022 requires
amendment from 45.6 to 25.8 percent. Our reported waste to landfill(tonnes) for 2022 requires amendmentfrom 2,732 to 3,399 tonnes. Total
waste generated was not impacted.
Further, we did not achieve our targetof YoY reduction in waste to landfill in
2022 as previously reported. This was
updated on our website during the year.
Our operational andconstruction waste
management initiatives
contribute to reducing
waste generation throughprevention, reduction,
recycling and reuse.

Sydney Airport | Sustainability Report 2023

26

Sustainability at Sydney Airport

Responsible business

Planning for the future

Responsible business

Environmental management
Ground based noise
In 2023, one noise complaint wasreceived by Sydney Airport from thecommunity regarding aircraft engine
ground running. After investigating
the engine ground running logs
and consulting with both internaland external stakeholders, it was
concluded that the noise complaint
was associated with an approved
ground running location and time inaccordance with Sydney Airport’s
Aircraft Engine Operating Procedure.

Biodiversity conservationand monitoring
Wetland Weed Mapping
Weed mapping was undertaken in
February 2023 and compared to theprevious weed mapping report from
December 2021. The mapping indicateda reduction in weeds in all areas of
the Wetlands that undergo regular
maintenance. The inaccessible areas
maintained the same weed density as
the previous assessment.
Aquatic Weeding
Aquatic weeding also continued. We
successfully reduced the density of
the Mexican Water Lily, a floating weed,
to less than 20 per cent of the surface
area of the Engine Ponds and Mill Pond.
In addition, we continued to reduce theAlligator Weed infestation in Engine
Pond East.

Bringing Country back to Wetlands
Sydney Airport continued our partnership with Wildflower, Gardens for Good
Inc. (Wildflower), commissioning additional bush regeneration works at the
Sydney Airport Wetlands. Wildflower is an indigenous-led not-for-profit
social enterprise specialising in premium sustainable horticulture, landscapeand ecology services to businesses and government clients, including
ecological restoration projects. Wildflower provides safe, meaningfulemployment to First Nations people, many of whom face significant andcomplex barriers to employment.
In 2023, Wildflower undertook 853 hours of bush regeneration work. The
works included removing noxious Weeds of National Significance (WoNS),
planting more than 780 native species in the endemic area, and collecting
native seeds for propagation within the wetlands’ riparian zone.
The information sharing between the organisations has boosted community
engagement by providing staff with a connection to the environment andfurther broadening the employment prospects of at-risk young people.
In May 2023, the project won a $50k community grant from IFM Investors,
one of Sydney Airport’s owner groups, which demonstrated top-down
support of the project. The grant went directly to Wildflower to further fundbush regeneration works at the wetlands.
In August 2023, the project also won the Heritage, Culture and Community
Spirit Award in the 2023 Keep Australia Beautiful NSW Sustainable
Cities Awards.
The bush regeneration works are vitally important to biodiversity in thearea. The wetlands are home to native birds, and so by removing weeds andrestoring native ecological communities, threatened species are supported.

Supporting our people and community

Performance data

Sydney Water’s MillStream sewage overflows
Over the past three years, Sydney
Airport has actively and repeatedly
engaged with Sydney Water at boththe executive and officer levels to drive
meaningful improvements to reduce
the aviation safety, human health, andenvironmental risks associated with theMill Stream sewage overflows.
In 2021, the Australian Government’s
Airport Environment Officer (AEO)
granted Sydney Water a three-year
Authorisation under the Airport(Environment Protection) Regulations
1997 to pollute the Mill Stream.

Other information

The three-year Authorisation requires
Sydney Water to meet discharge
targets through several initiatives
and to prepare a long-term strategy
that outlines how it will remove or
significantly reduce sewage overflows.
In 2023, 1,200 megalitres (ML) of
untreated sewage were discharged into
the Mill Stream, which flowed directly
into Botany Bay. The overflow volume
decreased from 8,557 ML in the previous
year as the overflows are wet weatherdependent; however, this is still above
the 740 ML/year target in the 2021
Commonwealth Authorisation to pollute.

27

Gross pollutants, including wet wipes,
sanitary products, and syringes, arealso contained in the sewage overflow
water discharging to Botany Bay. The
Authorisation requires Sydney Water toremove gross pollutants from the mouthof the Mill Stream and the surrounding
beach following discharges. In 2023,
crews of four to eight people were
deployed to clean the beach following
discharges. While this approach
mitigates some of the risks, aviation andhuman health risks associated with thegross pollutants remain.
In September 2023, Sydney Water
advised us that it had not secured
funding to pursue a long-term solution
and would instead defer this decision
until 2026, which, if successful, would
not see infrastructural improvements
realised until 2032 and beyond. Sydney
Airport has expressed disappointment
at the lapse in achieving the necessary
funding to address a long-term solution.

Sydney Airport | Sustainability Report 2023

28

Sustainability at Sydney Airport

Responsible business

Planning for the future

Responsible business

Fair and ethical business

Our Code of Conduct is founded on our
purpose and values. It makes it clear forour people that fair and ethical decisionmaking is the only way we do businessat Sydney Airport.

We engaged specialist human rights
consultancy, Pillar Two, to develop andhost workshops to assist the airport
with improving our modern slavery
risk management.

This year, we expanded our Code of
Conduct training, requiring all Sydney
Airport employees to complete gifts
and benefits training. The training
was innovative, providing a number ofrole-played scenarios showing how thepolicy should be practically applied.
Gifts and benefits at Sydney Airport aremanaged in a transparent manner, thepolicy incorporates ethical decisionmaking, good governance, corruption
prevention principles, and effective risk
management strategies.

We also reviewed how we manage
modern slavery risks in our supply
chain. Specifically, we reviewed our
procurement processes and how
these are being implemented at the
airport. Additionally, we benchmarked
our current practices against five peerorganisations. We plan to use therecommendations and actions derived
from this work to inform a procurement
maturity road map to help us improve
our modern slavery response.

A second Procurement E-Learning
Series was also launched covering
Contract Management. This modulesupplemented our Guide to Contract
Management, which establishes theminimum standards and expectationsof the airport’s Contract Managers andProject Managers when overseeing a
supplier’s performance, compliance anddelivery of contracted requirements,
including, among other things,
sustainability elements.

Modern slavery
In 2023, we focused on two key areasof our business to mature our risk
assessment and provide specialist
modern slavery training sessions for riskowners. These two areas manage therelationships within two of our high-risk
supplier categories, major labour-based
services and construction, and ouraviation team.

To address modern slavery risks in our
supply chain, we continued to engage
the services of CM3. This third-party
assessment is an additional measure to
our Sustainable Supplier Survey process
and assesses supplier documentation,
policies and procedures that
demonstrate supplier compliance withmodern slavery principles. No instancesof modern slavery were identified during
our assessments in 2023.
Sydney Airport manages modern slavery
risk in our operations and value chain
through our Modern Slavery Working
Group, a cross-functional team thatmeets quarterly to deliver an annual
program of work.
Our Modern Slavery Working Group
continues to monitor regulatory
and legislation trends including theAustralian Government’s review of theModern Slavery Act 2018 and the New
Zealand Government’s consultation on
potential modern slavery legislation.

Please refer to Sydney Airport’s
2023 Modern Slavery Statement
for further details.
We have partnered with athird-party to promote our
procurement expectations,specifically abouttransparency and reportingon human rights, health andsafety and environment.

Whistleblower reports
Sydney Airport’s whistleblowing
program offers a secure and confidential
avenue for concerns to be raised
and addressed. All reports are taken
seriously and investigated internallyor externally as appropriate based on
their nature and requirements related
to independence and resources. The
Audit and Risk Committee of theBoard receives updates and remains
informed about investigations andsubsequent actions.
During the reporting period we received
two reports. The first matter wasinvestigated and found not to meet thecriteria to qualify as a whistleblower
report. It was characterised as a
Human Resources related grievance.
Nevertheless, it was treated seriously
and as a result of the report, increased
leadership training was provided tostrengthen the culture in the relevant
team and to reduce the risk of
misconduct. The second report related
to a SYD contractor concerning working
rights. The matter was investigated andfound to be unsubstantiated.

Supporting our people and community

Performance data

29

Other information

Responsible businessTechnology and cyber security
Sydney Airport’s network transformation
project continued into 2023, with the
major core networking equipment
across T1 international and T2 domestic
terminals redeployed and optimised, tofurther reduce the risk of operational
impacts in the event of an outage
or issue.
Our Room Remediation projectcontinues to modernise thecommunications rooms supporting
our mission-critical infrastructure, withblueprints developed and deployed toensure these rooms remain resilient
throughout their operational lifecycle.
Throughout the year, all our partners andvendors were migrated successfully toa new secure remote access capability,
allowing them to continue supporting
the airport 24/7 while lowering therisk of remote cyber-attacks, one of
the number one risks facing criticalinfrastructure providers across Australia.

Sydney Airport’s Cyber Security team
improved our detection capability within
our operational technology, including
high-risk infrastructure. This capability
has been integrated with our 24/7
security operations centre to ensurethat we have full coverage of our assets.
In June 2023, Sydney Airport ran a cybersecurity exercise with the AustralianGovernment, including the Hon. ClareO’Neil MP, the Minister for Home Affairs
and Cyber Security, our airline partners,
various federal and state emergency
response organisations, and Airservices
Australia. A significant cyber-attack onsafety critical systems was modelled,
and the response was discussed. Such
exercises help ensure Sydney Airportand our partners are prepared forhigh‑threat scenarios and allow us toform key relationships with membersof the government who will support
us in a crisis.

In 2023, we completed a fullrecertification audit of our ISO 27001(information security) certification
and ran internal desktop exercises
to test and improve our response to
cyber‑attacks.
In addition to our phishing training
campaigns that are sent quarterly tothe organisation, we stepped up our
cyber awareness program in 2023
with webinars run by Australian Cyber
Experts to communicate to staff how
to keep cyber safe both at work and at
home. This coincided with the rollout ofan upgraded password manager, which
includes the ability for family use.
Our phishing susceptibility rate for 2023
was 2.08 per cent. This result indicatesa strong uptake of the training programs
and phishing exercises that have been
implemented to date.
There were no reportable data security
breaches in 2023.

Sydney Airport | Sustainability Report 2023

30

Sustainability at Sydney Airport

Responsible business

Planning for the future

Planning for the future2023 performance highlights

Climate risk governancestrengthened

Hidden Disabilities
Sunflower program launchedin partnership with Autism
Spectrum Australia

Deborah Lawrie flyover
bridge opened to public

Sydney Airport is Australia’s major
gateway airport. We recognise that
we serve an essential piece of regionaland national infrastructure supporting
our communities’ mobility andeconomic growth.

Throughout 2022 and 2023, we updated
our climate scenarios, using the latest
climate science, and assessed ourresilience against existing and emerging
physical and transition climate risks
and opportunities.

Climate-related scenario analysis

Our operations deliver high levelsof availability, reliability and resilience,
and we recognise that climate change
has the potential to affect our businessthrough physical and transition risks.

Through comprehensive stakeholder
engagement, we identified existing
and future mitigating actions required
to ensure Sydney Airport’s climate
resilience. We finalised our updated
Climate Action Plans; Decarbonisation
and Adaptation, which reflect our updated
risk assessments and corresponding
mitigation actions. These Climate Action
Plans supersede Sydney Airport’s first
Climate Risk Action and Adaptation
Plan, developed in 2019. These climate
risks and action plans have now
been fully embedded within our risk
management framework.

Throughout 2022 and early 2023 we
updated our climate scenarios, using
four divergent scenarios against whichto test our resilience, adding a ‘Delayed
Transition’ scenario to mature theanalysis. Our scenario analysis was
facilitated by climate risk and energy
transition consultancy, Energetics.

with 96 transition and adaptation
actions identified

Climate resilience

We are committed to improving
the resilience of Sydney Airport tothe current and emerging physicaland transition risks posed byclimate change, ensuring continued
operations and growth.

Scenario analysis is an important tool
Sydney Airport uses to identify climate
risk over time and build our understandingof the resilience of our assets and ourbusiness to a changing climate.

We drew on advances in climate scienceand scenario development by the
Sixth Assessment Report (AR6) of theIntergovernmental Panel on Climate
Change (IPCC) and the Network ofCentral Banks and Supervisors forGreening the Financial System (NGFS)
and expanded the scope and depth ofanalysis. We then used the findings to
generate and update actions to build
business resilience.

Supporting our people and community

Performance data

Stakeholder engagement wasundertaken through climate risk
workshops held in December 2022 andFebruary 2023 with key staff. During
these workshops, we investigated
and tested Sydney Airport’s resilienceagainst physical and transition climate
risks and opportunities under the four
updated climate scenarios.

Key insights from our scenario
analysis include:
Transition risks• Sydney Airport’s most material
sources of transition risk are outside
its direct control. Whilst Sydney
Airport has a limited role in overall
aviation decarbonisation, there
are opportunities to contribute toindustry transformation efforts• SAF will be essential for reducing
transition risk across all scenarios.
Sydney Airport can actively
participate in SAF advocacy efforts
to encourage uptake of supply anddemand side market opportunities
to stimulate a SAF industry
within Australia

31

Other information

Physical risks• Between now and 2030, there isno material difference in physicalrisk profile across the scenarios,
as historic emissions have alreadylocked in global warming over thistime period. Differences beyond thisdate will emerge, but many decisions
may need to be made before theworld’s future warming pathway canbe determined• Flood adaptation measures are
already being investigated toenhance Sydney Airport’s resilience
to future intense rainfall and storm
surge events. Further investigation isunderway to assess the effectivenessof resilience measures against future
hot/dry events

Refer to our 2023 Response to therecommendations of the Taskforce
on Climate-Related Disclosures forfurther information on Sydney Airport’s
scenario analysis, transition and physicalrisks and opportunities, and the actions
we are taking to address them.
We are using scenario
analysis to strengthen
adaptive capacity andresilience.

• As with transition risk, much of Sydney
Airport’s exposure to physical risk isoutside our direct control. However,
we can improve the physical resilienceof our own operations – and are doing
so through our flood risk management
and adaptation and urban heat islandeffect studies.

• Reputation risks form some of themost material risks to Sydney Airport.
Keeping abreast of stakeholder
expectations regarding climate
risk and ensuring Sydney Airport iscapable of meeting them is necessary

Sydney Airport | Sustainability Report 2023

32

Sustainability at Sydney Airport

Responsible business

Planning for the future

Planning for the future

Climate resilience
Climate-related risk management
In 2023, we continued to build upon andimprove our approach to managing thephysical and transition risks posed byclimate change.
All priority physical and transition
risks, identified during climate risk
assessments, have been allocated key
actions for implementation.

These actions describe mechanisms toembed climate change adaptation andmitigation into airport planning, strategy
development, design, and operations.
These actions have been reviewed
and prioritised and risk owners andpartners for implementation have been
identified. Together, a total of 96 actions(71 decarbonisation and 25 physicaladaptation actions), shared across 6
business units with 23 individual owners,

have been identified to enhance theclimate resilience of our business modeland operations.
In 2023, these actions were incorporated
into our risk management framework andrecorded in our risk management system(CAMMs), with each action having an
assigned owner/s and due date. These
actions will be tracked through periodic
reporting in line with our existing risk
management framework.

Climate Resilience Strategy
Sydney Airport’s climate-related risks and opportunities are addressed through our Climate Resilience Strategy,
which has four components. These are:Energy efficiency
and carbon
reduction

Asset adaptationand future
proofing

Business resilienceand carbon
emissions reduction

Advocacy fora low carbon
economyEnergy efficiency and carbon reduction
Energy efficiency is a key pillar of Sydney Airport’s Net Zero 2030 (scope 1 and 2) Roadmap. In 2023, we implemented a number ofenergy efficiency initiatives, that are anticipated to deliver a reduction of 7.6GWh of annual energy consumption and approximately
6,000 tCO2e of annual Scope 2 emissions reductions.
Read more about our 2023 energy efficiency initiatives and our progress against the key actions identified in our Net Zero 2030
Roadmap in the Environmental Management section of this report, starting on page 21.

Asset adaptation andfuture proofing
We recognise physical impacts of climatechange may present risks to our assets
now and into the future. Adaptation
measures focus on our physical risk
response. Asset adaptation and future
proofing can lower our exposure toclimate hazards and extreme weather.
Sydney Airport’s most material
physical climate risks, which havebeen stress‑tested through qualitative
scenario analysis, mainly stem fromwet/windy compound events, withlesser but significant risks from hot/dry
compound events.
Flood modelling for wet/windy events
Sydney Airport’s extensive floodmodelling was developed and built
upon throughout 2021 and 2022. Thismodelling assessed a range of climatechange scenarios (inc. Representative
Concentration Pathways (RCP) 2.6, 4.5,
8.5) to quantify the risks to Sydney
Airport. The outcomes of these studies
are being incorporated into our business
continuity and operational resilienceplans, as well as the revised Built
Environment Sustainability Standards,
covered on page 36.

Urban heat island effect study for hot/dry events
Sydney Airport’s climate risk
assessments have identified that extreme
heat events are expected to increase infrequency and intensity due to climatechange. The impact of these extreme
heat events is expected to amplify
the urban heat island effect, especiallyin an airport setting with extensive
hard surfaces and sparse dry grass in
combination with low tree/canopy
cover. The specific risks of such extreme

heat on airport operations, assets,
infrastructure, and people are relatively
less understood.
In 2023, we commissioned an urban
heat island effect study to address
this and identify such risks associatedwith extreme heat particularly hot/dry
compound events at the airport and torecommend strategies and actions to
mitigate these risks. This study is due forcompletion in early 2024.
We plan to use the key outputs of thisstudy to inform Sydney Airport’s 2046
Master Plan and the Built Environment
Sustainability Standards, covered on
page 36.
Refer to our 2023 Response to therecommendations of the Taskforce on
Climate-Related Financial Disclosures(TCFD) for further information about ourphysical risk asset adaptation initiatives.

Supporting our people and community

Performance data

33

Other information

Business resilience and carbon emissions reduction
During 2023, we made significant
progress against a number of initiatives
that form part of our Roadmap toachieve Net Zero carbon emissions for
Scope 1 and 2 emissions by 2030. Read
more about our progress against the
key actions identified in our Net Zero
2030 Roadmap in the Environmental
Management section of this report,
starting on page 21.
We also remain committed to our targetof achieving carbon neutral certification,
under the Airport Carbon Accreditation(ACA) Level 4+ scheme.
As part of our 2022-2024 Sustainability
Strategy, we set a target to reduce
Scope 3 emissions from airport ground
operations by 50 per cent by 2025. In
2023, our Scope 3 emissions from airport
ground operations were 80,824 tCO2e,which is a 9 per cent increase compared
to 2022. This was primarily driven by
a 14 per cent YoY increase in aircraft
movements, as the industry continues
to recover from the COVID pandemic.
We remain committed to achieving ourtarget of 50 per cent reduction in Scope 3
emissions from airport ground operations
by 2025 (versus a 2019 baseline) andplan to drive reductions in our Scope 3
ground operations emissions, through thefollowing initiatives:

Advocacy for a
low carbon future
In the medium- to long-term, Sydney
Airport believes that SAF is the primarypathway for aviation to credibly
decarbonise2. While Australia is wellplaced to become a significant global
producer of SAF and other renewablefuels, production of SAF in Australia isdependent on the timely developmentof clear government policy to establish
a local market and catalyse private
sector investment in SAF refining
capacity. In realising these priorities,
Australia can play an outsized role inthe decarbonisation of the aviation
sector and become a world leader inthe production of SAF. In 2023, Sydney
Airport continued its advocacy efforts
for SAF.

• Tenant (third party) energy use:

We plan to reduce emissions related
to tenant electricity through the Power
Purchase Agreement (PPA), which will
come into effect from 1 January 2025.
We intend to do this by supplying theequivalent of 100 per cent renewableelectricity to tenants, (where we haveexisting power supply arrangements)
and by retiring the associated large
scale generation certificates (LGCs)
on behalf of, or in collaboration with,
our tenants1.

• Auxiliary Power Units (APU): To reduce

APU emissions (Jet A1 fuel burn) whilst
aircraft are on gate, Sydney Airport
is implementing several initiatives toimprove utilisation of Ground Power
Units (GPU) and Pre-conditioned Air(PCA) across the precinct. Improved
utilisation of this equipment reduces
the need for aircraft to burn Jet A1 fuelwhilst on gate, thereby significantly
reducing emissions. Such initiatives
include GPU infrastructure upgrades,
system implementation for utilisation
measurement, and other policy andgovernance mechanisms. We expectthat our renewable PPA will further
contribute to this reduction, as theequivalent of 100 per cent renewableelectricity will be provided through theGPUs from 1 January 2025 onwards.

Sydney Airport is a member of Bioenergy
Australia’s Sustainable Aviation Fuel
Alliance for Australia and New Zealand(SAFAANZ) working group alongsideaviation industry peers and fuel producers.
Aviation Jet Zero Council
Sydney Airport applauds the AustralianGovernment’s establishment of a Jet
Zero Council in Australia and looks
forward to continuing to participate toachieve action and policy.
In 2023, Sydney Airport supported
the Aviation Jet Zero Council throughparticipation in the AAA Sustainability
Working Group which is delivering
Workplan item #5 (identifying changes
required to airport operations andinfrastructure that will support
decarbonising aviation). This item
is scheduled for submission to theAustralian Government in 2024.

• Ground Service Equipment (GSE):

GSE are owned and used by groundhandling agents at Sydney Airport toprovide ground and baggage handlingservices for airlines. Transitioning
the GSE fleet across the precinct
to electric alternatives (eGSE) is
expected to reduce the emissions
associated with GSE vehicle fuel burnand should ultimately eliminate theseemissions once Sydney Airport has theequivalent of 100 per cent renewableelectricity supply, through the PPA. Thistransition will involve Sydney Airport
installing eGSE charging infrastructure
across the precinct, as well as working
collaboratively with ground handlingagencies and airlines to encouragethem to transition their GSE fleet
to electric alternatives. A detailed
GSE transition strategy is underdevelopment and is due for completionin 2024.

Refer to our 2023 Response to therecommendations of the Taskforce on
Climate-Related Financial Disclosures(TCFD) for further information about
our Scope 3 emissions initiatives andassociated climate resilience strategy.

Sydney Airport also advocates for
the NSW Government to develop a
SAF investment prospectus for NSW
and consider establishing grants,
funding, and assistance programs tostimulate the development of a SAF
bioeconomy in NSW.
Aviation Green Paper submission
As part of Sydney Airport’s Aviation
Green Paper submission, we worked
with Melbourne and Brisbane airports,
in collaboration with IFM Investors(one of SAAH owner groups), to forma joint airport advocacy position toadvance a domestic SAF industry inAustralia. The joint position statement
is included overleaf.

1. The extent to which SYD’s Scope 3 emissions related to tenant energy use can be reduced is dependent on the individual contractual arrangements that Sydney Airport
will have in place with existing and future tenants.
2. www.iata.org/en/programs/environment/roadmaps.

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Sustainability at Sydney Airport

Responsible business

Planning for the future

Planning for the future

Climate resilience

Advancing a domestic sustainableaviation fuel industry
Background and context
East coast Australian capital city airports are national
leaders in achieving accelerated Net Zero outcomes for
Scope 1 and 2 emissions.
■ A clear and timely approach to management of airport
Scope 3 emissions is critical to the aviation sector toprotect consumers ability to travel in a cost-effective
manner. As seen in Europe, scrutiny around carbon
emissions impact on travel is only going to increase.
■ For Scope 3 airport emissions, we recognise that
Sustainable Aviation Fuel (SAF) is the primary pathway foraviation to credibly decarbonise in the medium term.
■ The typical scope 3 emissions profile of a major airportshows that approximately 85% of these emissions are
created by aircraft.
■ Currently, significant Australian SAF feedstock is contracted
to be exported overseas for use in biofuels (i.e. Singapore,EU).
■ Australia is falling behind global policy mechanisms tocatalyse SAF uptake.
■ Government, through the Aviation Jet Zero Council has
flagged that it is looking to industry to develop a unified
plan for the sector to implement credible decarbonisation
efforts.
■

Risks of inaction
The Australian domestic aviation sector (particularly airlines
with only a domestic footprint) cannot decarbonise without
a local SAF market.
■ Australia’s long overseas fuel supply chains expose us togeopolitical changes and climate risks.
■ Without a near-term pathway for SAF refining in Australia,
there is a high risk that Australian feedstock exportagreements are extended well beyond 2030, further
entrenching overseas dominance in this space and limiting
local industry development.
■ Inaction will challenge an airport’s social licence to operate
and grow. Over time, this will negatively impact travellers
through greater commercial challenges in attracting newinternational airlines which favour destinations with anestablished source of SAF.
■ Airlines (other than purely domestic operators) have a
global choice where to adopt SAF – this decision will
be price and volume-driven. Currently, without policy in■1https://www.csiro.au/en/news/All/Articles/2023/August/sustainable-aviation-industry-australia

Australia, both major domestic Australian airlines will seek
to buy SAF in overseas markets with attractive subsidy
mechanisms.
■ Without interest in domestic SAF offtake from major
airlines, Australian feedstock will continue to be exported
to be refined and purchased offshore. Shipping unrefined
Australian feedstock into Europe, the US or Southeast Asia
for it to be refined and flown back by airlines frequenting
Australian airports is a perverse outcome from anenvironmental, economic and fuel security perspective.
■ This presents a potential medium-term risk to Australian
airports’ Scope 3 reduction efforts as carbon reduction
from SAF is likely to be calculated from the point of origin.

Opportunities for a domestic SAF market
Australia has a global comparative advantage in its farming
capability and land availability. CSIRO report there issufficient feedstock to supply almost 5 billion litres of SAF
production in Australia, or around 50% of forecast jet fueldemand in 20251.
■ Australia is well placed to become a significant global
producer of SAF and other renewable fuels. With significant
volumes from variety of SAF feedstocks, the transition toclean fuels presents a significant ‘clean economy’ refining
opportunity for Australia.
■ By extending Australia’s participation in the clean fuels
supply chain to refining, we have a window of opportunity
to develop new high value-add industries and jobs. If thisopportunity is missed, these high value-add industries will
be ceded to other countries which are competing to attract
capital, decarbonise their economies and scale up net zeroindustries. This is a significant risk for Australian aviation,
which is one of the hardest to abate sectors.
■ The airports are able to facilitate SAF blended as a drop
in fuel without any additional modifications to jet fuelinfrastructure. No changes are needed to joint user hydrant
infrastructure (JUHI) if SAF is blended off site (which is arequirement of the relevant standards).
■ Boosting Australian production of feedstock and producing
sustainable fuels locally creates further opportunities forliquid fuel security and regional jobs.
■ Production of SAF in Australia is dependent on timely
development of clear government policy to establish a
local market and catalyse private sector investment in SAF
refining capacity.
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Other information

Proposed aligned SAF policy position across airports■

The Australian Government needs to set a clear, articulated objective for SAF that is underpinned by global best practice policy
mechanisms as set out below.

1

2
3
4
5

Government should play an active role to support the development of a domestic SAF market.
Due to the limited pathways to decarbonising aviation, and lack of alternate modes of transport in Australia, it isrecommended that Government prioritise feedstock for use in SAF and catalyse industry uptake with a volumebased target for domestic SAF sales.
Over the long term, and once a domestic SAF industry has matured, Government could consider the additionof carbon intensity (CI) requirements to SAF usage targets. Doing so would encourage refiners to optimise theirfeedstock supply chains and pursue actual life cycle carbon assessments (i.e. under CORSIA, as has been
observed in the US, or the more current GREET framework, as has been observed in Canada).
The development of a certification framework.
Australia needs to develop SAF certification processes, initially by volume then transitioning to consider
lifecycle greenhouse gas assessments over time.
Implementation of a transparent market for trading SAF credits.
(i.e. ‘book and claim system’, and integration with NGER Scheme). Incentives should be introduced toencourage local production and use of SAF (e.g., NGER-based incentives for Australian produced SAF whenused within Australia or on routes originating in Australia).
Establishment of supply-side (incentive) policy measures.
Incentive-based solutions are essential to develop domestic SAF refining. As we are seeing globally, targeted
incentives (such as tax credits) are essential to close the gap between global incentives.
Establishment of demand-side mandates such as a targets.
(i.e. an agreed percentage SAF blending standard by 2030) or Fuel Carbon Intensity Standard in line withindustry best practice. This would ramp up and allow for mandates over time. CI requirements for SAF must
balance the dual objectives of catalysing refining capacity and applying downward pressure on SAF carbon
intensity over the long term.

Examples of what does good look like?
■To date, governments overseas have adopted, or are close to adopting, two types of policy mechanisms to catalyse SAF
demand and production:
Policymechanism

Targets/mandates

Incentive-based solutions

Examplejurisdictions

EU, UK, Canada, Norway, Brazil, NZ, India, Japan
Californian Low Carbon Fuel Standard – LCFS;

US: Renewable Fuels Standard – RINs; Inflation Reduction Act –IRA; US Sustainable Skies Act

Typical policy

10% SAF mandate by 2030

US$0.46/litre tax credit for SAF produced in the US

Can be applied on fuel suppliers (ReFuelEU) or
airlines (Brazil).

Market-based solutions (e.g. certificate/credit schemes) areused as enabling economic architecture for supply-side targets(i.e. offsetting the green premium through incentives/penalties).

Considerations

Airline targets are generally considered lesseffective due to 1) limited control over fuelsupply and 2) airline emissions reduction targets
already matching or exceeding national targets.

Californian ‘cap & trade’ credit schemes spread economic burden of
SAF refinement across petroleum market in a manner like Australian
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Sustainability at Sydney Airport

Responsible business

Planning for the future

Planning for the future

Sustainable design and development
Embedding sustainability
in new project gatingprocesses
In 2023, our Enterprise ProjectManagement Office (EPMO) and projectstage-gating processes were refreshedto support the successful delivery of
our strategic capital project portfolio.
Sustainability is recognised as a key
enablement function within this process,along with other key business units (e.g.
finance, risk, etc.). Enablement functions
provide subject matter expertise
across projects to ensure key businessprocesses are adhered to and ensure
projects are set up for success.
Our Sustainable Design Guidelines(SDGs) articulate the sustainability
requirements at each stage-gate
phase of a project. These requirements
are being further integrated into therefreshed EPMO stage-gating process
to ensure capital projects can help toachieve organisational sustainability
outcomes over time.

The sustainability requirements arebroken up into four project phases:• Sustainability alignment: project
brief and project requirements phases(gates 0 and 1)• Sustainability integration: concept
design, design development, anddetailed design phases (gates 2-4)
• Sustainability delivery: construction
and operational readiness phases(gates 5 and 6)• Sustainability operation: postconstruction phase (gate 7)
Sustainability review is carried out
at all project phases with sign-off at
key phases to ensure appropriate
implementation of the SDGs andprogression of the project to the next
funding phase.

Built Environment Sustainability
Standards
In 2023, we began updating our
Sustainable Design Guidelines, andrebranding them as Built Environment
Sustainability Standards (BESS) toreflect the incorporation of bothbuilding and infrastructure projects,
whilst addressing the entire project
life cycle from feasibility to design,
construction and occupation. The BESS
are intended to be operationalised
and aligned with the refreshed EPMO
stage gating process, requiring projects
to demonstrate compliance withminimum sustainability requirements,
whilst ensuring improved clarity anduser friendliness.
We anticipate that the BESS will becompleted and rolled out with training
sessions for key internal stakeholders
in 2024. Upon integration of the BESS
into the new EPMO gating process,significant improvements to thesustainability outcomes of capitalprojects going forward will be expected.

Supporting our people and community

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Other information

T1 BHS upgrade project
Baggage Handling Systems (BHS) are
critical to airport operations. The T1
international terminal BHS upgrade
project aims to keep up with regulatorychanges, enable operations to support
future growth, increase resilience andcapacity of the baggage room, andimprove overall service levels. As part ofthe project, we also plan to update thechecked baggage screening machines
across all three terminals.
Sustainability was an important earlyconsideration of the T1 internationalterminal BHS upgrade program, withSydney Airport requiring all BHS
design partners to meet the relevant
requirements of the Sustainable Design
Guidelines in their respective designs.
This includes specific requirements forenergy & carbon efficiency, materials& circularity, and sustainability
management. Significant weighting was
given to most sustainability criteria in thedesign partner evaluation process.

Blended blast furnace slag
The Southeast (SE) Sector Aprondevelopment project is aiming todeliver four new aircraft parking
positions at the SE Sector and will
extend Taxiway Juliet from thesouth‑west and Taxiway Delta fromthe north to provide access to the SE
Sector and improve aircraft circulationand efficiency around the airport.
Amongst the various sustainability
initiatives implemented into the designof the project, the most notable isthe use of blended blast furnace
slag (BBFS) as the primary pavement
material. BFFS is a waste productproduced during the steel making
process (in various forms) and has
ideal cementitious properties. We
estimate the BBFS material will replaceapproximately 106,000 tonnes of
conventional blasted basalt naturalrock material in the project.

We are building resilienceand adaptive capacity into
our assets as we transition
to a low carbon future.

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Sustainability at Sydney Airport

Responsible business

Planning for the future

Planning for the future

Airspace and airfield efficiency

Sydney Airport continues to advocate
for several recommendations which
we consider can assist in improving
airspace and airfield efficiency.

Airspace efficiency
In the short-term, there are a numberof immediate actions the AustralianGovernment could take to reduceneedless emissions at, and around,
Sydney Airport, including reforming
Sydney Airport’s inefficient slot
management system, modernising
Sydney Airport’s airspace and flightpaths, and reviewing the Sydney Airport
Curfew Act 1995 (Cth) (the Curfew Act).

There are several legacy processes andregulations that could be reviewed to
improve airspace efficiency and reduce
aircraft fuel burn (and, therefore, carbon
emissions). These changes could alsodeliver improved noise outcomes for
local residents.
For example, an aircraft performinga ‘continuous descent arrival’ (CDA)
approach to an airport keeps the aircraft
higher for longer and uses less jet
engine thrust, therefore generating lessnoise and emissions when comparedto the traditional ‘stepped approaches’
currently used when aircraft descend
below 9,000 feet.

Sydney Airport supports the increased
use of CDA because it will reduce
aircraft emissions and noise. According
to Airservices Australia, early trials havedemonstrated that using CDA can saveas much as 400kg of fuel per arrival,
depending on aircraft size, weather,and other air traffic conditions. This
could equivalate to more than one
tonne of carbon emissions savings per
flight. At over 100,000 of arrival flights
per year, this could reduce emissions
by approximately 100,000 tCO2e
per annum.
There are also opportunities to use
the most up-to-date air navigation
technology, broadly called ‘required
navigation performance’, to reduce
overflight of residential areas further
and reduce track miles flown by aircraft.
This again could reduce noise impacts
and emissions at Sydney Airport.
These recommendations were outlined
in detail in Sydney Airport’s Aviation
Green Paper Submission, which can befound here.

RUNWAY
Continuous descent arrival (CDA) approach

Today's step-down approachSupporting our people and community

Performance data

Airfield efficiency
Sydney Airport encourages theAustralian Government to allow
intersection departures at Sydney
Airport to reduce taxiing distance andemissions, and deliver safer outcomes.
Since 1994, jet aircraft departing to
the north from runway 34L have beenrequired to commence their take-offroll from the very southern end of
the runway. This requirement was tominimise noise impacts by ensuring
aircraft were as high as possible when
they flew over residential areas tothe north of the Airport. However,for all but the largest aircraft, it would
be operationally feasible and safefor these flights to commence theirtake‑off roll at the intersection of
runway 34L with taxiway L (this is calledan ‘intersection departure’).

Other information

This approach would reduce taxiing
distance by around 1.5km for every
jet aircraft as well as deliver a safer
outcome because active runway
crossings would be substantiallyreduced. If just three quarters of
those aircraft were able to operate anintersection rather than a full-length
runway departure, the overall reduction
in taxiing distance would, over a year, benearly 29,000 km. That is the same asan aircraft taxiing from Sydney to Perthnine times. This could reduce emissions
by around 1,200 tonnes per annum. It isalso expected that the change in noise
pattern would not be significant.

39

For example, an Airport Collaborative
Decision Making (A-CDM) solution has
the potential to make aircraft ground
operations more efficient, reduce taxiing
time on the ground for both arrivals anddepartures, and optimise trajectories toprevent unnecessary fuel consumption
in flight and during LTO cycles. An
A-CDM solution would benefit theefficiency of the entire Australianaviation network and would result insignificant carbon emissions savings.

Sydney Airport also encourages
investment in Airservices Australia’sdelivery of an A-CDM (or similar) solution.
A harmonised system, which brings
together airport infrastructure, airline
operations, ground handlers and air
traffic control (ATC) through data sharing
and use of technology would maximise
efficiency and therefore reduceneedless emissions.

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Sustainability at Sydney Airport

Responsible business

Planning for the future

Planning for the future

Customer experience
In 2023, Sydney Airport implemented a range of initiatives to improve the customer experience. Some of these initiatives include
improving kerbside management, investments in security screening processes and technology and refreshing our transfer bussing‘TBus’ experience between the T1 international terminal and the T2 and T3 domestic terminals. These initiatives aim to reduce
passenger processing and transfer times.
In 2023, our customer satisfaction score was 3.98/5, which represents a 3 per cent improvement compared to 2022. Whilst we
haven’t yet achieved our target of >4.5/5, we do note that since the target was set in 2021, the methodology by which Sydney
Airport calculates this metric has been updated, which is impacting our ability to achieve this target.

Sydney Airport reforms represent a win for efficiency, competition,and passengers
In February 2024, the Federal
Government announced reforms
to Sydney Airport’s Demand
Management Scheme, whichgoverns how the Airport operates.
The reforms represent the firstenhancements in 27 years. Thechanges will provide increasedtransparency around how landing
slots are allocated and used byairlines, including reasons forcancellations and delays. The
reforms include new, independent
audits of slot usage with publishedfindings, and will form part of amodernized compliance regime,aligned to international standards.

An inclusive andaccessible airport
experience
Hidden Disabilities – Sunflower
grows at SYD
Throughout the year we continued
to focus on improving the airport
experience for passengers with hidden(invisible) disabilities, officially launching
the Hidden Disabilities Sunflower
program in March and strengthening
our partnership with Autism
Spectrum Australia.
Wearing a sunflower lanyard at Sydney
Airport enables our staff to recognisethat someone may require assistance as
they make their way through the airport,
thereby creating a more inclusive andaccessible space for all.

Passengers will also benefit fromthe implementation of a ‘recovery
period’ following weather disruptions
and continued connectivity forregional communities. The recovery
period will temporarily allow up
to 85 movements an hour for twohours (an increase from the usual80) following weather disruptions,meaning fewer overnight stays andless cancellations.
Sydney Airport welcomes thesechanges and is looking forward toworking with the Government toimplement these reforms and realise
their benefits as quickly as possible.

As the workforce rebuilds and passenger
numbers continue to recover towards
pre-pandemic levels, educating our
airport community on hidden disabilities
has never been so important. In 2023, we
continued our Hidden Disabilities training
program, training more than 210 internal
staff and over 215 external stakeholders,marking a significant uptake in training
across the precinct.
Airlines and service providers are now
proactively engaging with the program,creating a seamless end-to-end journey.
Customer feedback indicates the
program has been effective in creatinga safe space and seamless journey for
those with accessibility needs.
The training program was supported by
local and terminal activations, bringing
education and awareness to our airport
partners and customers alike.

Supporting our people and community

Performance data

Digital technologies making
travel easier
Disabilities can come in a variety
of different forms, but a number of
our airport passengers experiencesignificant barriers when trying toread and understand content online
or when preparing to travel.
To support our customers withaccessibility needs, we partneredwith Google to launch Maps Indoor
Live View, the first of its kind for
an Australian airport.
Available in both the internationaland domestic terminal precincts, the
new augmented reality (AR) feature
on Google Maps helps passengers
locate gates, baggage claims,
check-in counters, terminal transfer
points, retail outlets, dining options,bathrooms, ATMs, and more.

41

Other information

This is an incredibly important toolfor visitors with accessibility needs,
enabling users to take control of
their journey and select preferences
suitable for their needs. For example,
users can select the ‘Wheelchair
accessible’ preference to findwheelchair, pram and suitcase
friendly paths. They can also turn on
audio navigation prompts, in addition
to visual cues.
Understanding that the customer
journey starts from the home,
we also launched Recite Me in
2023 - an assistive toolbar built
into our website offering various
tools to support users with special
needs. Features include screen
readers, translation and styling or
customisation tools which can becustomised to suit the needs ofthe user as they prepare to travel
through Sydney Airport.

FIFA Women’s World Cup 2023
In July, we welcomed internationaland domestic visitors and athletes tokick off the FIFA Women’s World Cup,hosted by Australia and New Zealand.
The tournament gathered over 16,000
visitors to Sydney and delivered recordbreaking sports crowds to NSW.
Matildas fever was running high acrossthe nation, and Sydney Airport was no
exception. We went to new heights toget behind our national women’s team,painting words of encouragement that
could be seen from the sky and branding
key assets with FIFA-Frenzy.
Partnering with Destination NSW(DNSW), the World Cup’s key theme
Beyond Greatness and World Cup
colours were on display throughout
the terminals. At the T1 internationalterminal we created the Beyond
Greatness meeting point that showed
the leaderboard and was a DNSW fan
guide pick-up point. We even gave ourterminal transfer buses some FIFA love.
Sydney Airport also rolled out the red
carpet and provided warm welcomeswhen the Matilda’s flew throughT3 domestic terminal ahead of key
matches, with hundreds of fans turning
up to cheer on their heroes.

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Sustainability at Sydney Airport

Responsible business

Planning for the future

Planning for the future

Customer experienceP1 carpark update
In December 2022, the 54-year-old
P1 domestic car park was closed. The
car park is being demolished andredeveloped, with the project aiming
to look for opportunities to improve theexperience for customers and operatorsin the domestic terminal precinct.
Demolition of the P1 car parkcommenced in late 2023 and is onschedule to be completed by the endof 2024. The temporary wayfinding andcustomer journey changes that Sydney
Airport has put in place around P1 carpark to accommodate the demolition
aims to minimize the impacts to
Sydney Airport’s customer experience.

Access to and fromthe airport
Public and active transport
advocacy
Throughout 2023, we continued to
advocate for more sustainable transport
solutions to and from Sydney Airport.
This work included advocacy to the
NSW Government on enhancing public
and active transport links to Sydney
Airport in the future. Advocacy work
was also undertaken through the Active
Transport Forum – including communityand Government representatives –which Sydney Airport convenes.
Sydney Airport, along with the Active
Transport Forum and the community
more broadly, advocated strongly
during the Sydney Gateway approval
process that the project should include
a significant improvement to active
transport routes to and from the airport.

We are pleased to confirm that uponcompletion of the Gateway project,
it is intended that there will be overthree kilometres of new pathways,
which include:• a shared pedestrian and cycle
pathway on the north side of theAlexandra Canal, to replace theformer route on Airport Drive• a new connection from the existing
Alexandra Canal shared path to thedomestic terminals.
In 2023, Sydney Airport also met with
the Bus Industry Taskforce, which
the NSW Government established tobring together bus operators, industry
experts, the workforce, and community
representatives to determine how todeliver more efficient and reliable bus
services. Sydney Airport has advocatedfor additional bus services to and fromthe airport, including a new service
linking the Sutherland/St George
area – where around one third of ouremployees live – with Sydney Airport.
A shuttle bus service linking the Airport
to Sydenham and Wolli Creek Stations
was also discussed.

Sydney Gateway
Sydney Gateway is a crucial part of the
NSW Government’s plan to complete
the missing link in the WestConnex
motorway network, improving traffic
flow and reducing travel time to
Sydney Airport.
In 2023, significant milestones
were achieved in the constructionof Sydney Gateway, including thecompletion of 19 bridge structures,the excavation of over 240,000m3 ofsoil as part of the new Airport Drive
road construction, and the completionof a flyover bridge into the domestic
terminal precinct. Named after aviation
trailblazer Deborah Lawrie and opened
to traffic on 12th November 2023, the
new flyover bridge into the domestic
terminal precinct consists 100 per centAustralian steel curved beams, eachapproximately 55 meters long andweighing around 90 tonnes.
The first of two Twin Arch Bridges
over the Alexandra Canal opened totraffic on 19th November 2023, with thesecond arch scheduled to open in May
2024. The Gateway project is scheduled
for completion late 2024.

Supporting our people and community

Performance data

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Other information

Deborah Lawrie Flyover
In November 2023, Sydney Airport wasproud to name the new flyover into thedomestic terminal precinct after aviation
trailblazer, Deborah Lawrie AM.
Deborah Lawrie was the first woman
in Australia to become a pilot for
a commercial airline, but this only
happened after a ground-breaking
legal battle.
Despite being qualified, Deborah Lawrie’s
applications to be a pilot were repeatedly
rejected due to her gender.
In 1979, she won Australia’s firstsuccessful High Court sex discriminationcase for employment, a decision thatpaved the way for women to get equal
rights in workplaces across the country.
Deborah Lawrie made history on
22 January 1980 when she co-piloted
an Ansett flight from Alice Springs
to Darwin.
The Deborah Lawrie Flyover has been
named in recognition of her significant
service to aviation and her advocacy forgender equality.
The flyover is part of the NSW
Government’s $2.6bn Sydney Gateway
project to improve traffic flow and reduce
travel times.
The Deborah Lawrie Flyover is also
adorned with the Aboriginal artwork‘following the glistening of the sun’ by
Dennis Golding and Carmen GlynnBraun from the Re-Right Collective, inpartnership with the La Perouse elders
and cultural advisors.

By supporting road andtransport infrastructuredevelopments wecontribute to provide andadvocate for access tosafe, affordable, accessible
and sustainable transportsystems.

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Sustainability at Sydney Airport

Responsible business

Planning for the future

Supporting our people and community
2023 performance highlights

78% employee
engagement score( 3% from 2022)$2.23m1 spent onsocial and Indigenous
procurement

26 weeks paid
parental leave( from 18 weeks)( 24% from 2022)

Our people
Employee attraction

Employee engagement

Across 2023, we undertook a program
to identify and articulate our employee
value proposition (EVP). Sydney Airport’s
EVP has been developed in consultation
with our people and brings to life anddifferentiates the experience of working
at Sydney Airport.

Our 2023 engagement score was 78 per
cent, with a participation rate of 88 percent. This is an increase of 3 per cent on
the 2022 result.

Through the development process,the ability to make an impact, pride in
the history of the asset, and the ability
to work with a broad range of subject
matter experts, were identified by ourpeople as what they enjoy most about
their careers at Sydney Airport.
In late 2023, we launched our new
Sydney Airport EVP, which speaks to
the opportunity for every single oneof our team members to make theirroles, our airport, and the experienceof our customers, partners and thecommunity, amazing.
The EVP messaging will continue
to be embedded and brought to life
across 2024.

Throughout the year, we focussed
on improving the day-to-day work
experience for our people, withparticular focus on the areas of
Recognition, Collaboration andEmpowerment. We also embedded our
Flex@Work policy to allow our peoplebalance and flexibility in when and how
they perform their roles.
We also had a significant increase in thenumber of Sydney Airport staff that were
promoted, increasing from 2 per centof employees in 2022 to 8 per cent in
2023. In addition, we saw many of ourpeople take on additional responsibilities
or in-role development opportunities
during the year. This reflects our ongoinginvestment in our people throughtraining and development.

Although we have not yet achieved
our 2022-2024 Sustainability targetof 80 per cent, we are proud of ourachievement and YOY improvement
in a challenging environment, with theglobal high performance engagement
benchmark being 75 per cent.

Supporting our people
We continued to support the wellbeingof our employees this year through our
Health & Wellbeing program.
In 2023, we continued to offer
employees 3 days of Wellbeing Leave(per year), as well as offering all
employees a gift voucher to spend on
Health and Wellbeing providers throughour internal rewards portal.
We continue to partner with AccessEAP(Employee Assistance Program) to offer
up to six sessions of free confidential
counselling and support for Sydney
Airport staff and their families, as well as
our volunteers. We have also partneredwith AccessEAP to develop a health andwellbeing module, which is now available
to all staff on our internal learning portal.

1. 2023 , we expanded our definition of Social and Indigenous procurement to include direct procurement with Social Traders certified enterprises, Supply Nation certified
organisations, BCorp certified organisations and additionally, an Australian Charities and Not-for-profits Commission registered organisation, with the intention of thepurchase being the supply of goods or services. Our 2022 metrics were recalculated to reflect this.

Supporting our people and community

Performance data

In November 2023, we ran a Men’s
Health Month initiative including apresentation by leading mental healthadvocate Gus Worland which wasattended by over 100 team members
and focussed on men’s mental healthand suicide prevention. Free men’s
health checks were also undertaken
for team members.

45

Other information

Diversity and inclusion
Sydney Airport is committed to creating a place where all team members feel likethey belong and can do great work. In late 2022, we released our Belonging andInclusion (B&I) Action Plan for 2022-2025. This plan builds on the strong diversity andinclusion foundations already in place and is guided by the core purpose of creatinga place where everyone can belong and thrive.
This plan will guide our efforts and focus on 4 ‘levers’ which will help maximise our
impact for current, prospective, and future team members:

Learning and development
Throughout 2023, a total of 13,169 hoursof training was delivered to Sydney
Airport staff, which equates to an
average of 22.3 hours of training per
employee, exceeding our target todeliver 15 or more training hours per
employee (on average) per year.
In May 2023, we launched a new
mandatory Respect@SYD training
program, which was delivered to over
400 Sydney Airport team members.
This interactive face to face training
was delivered in partnership with
THiNK ABOUT iT, who discuss social,moral, and interpersonal issues throughentertaining and thought-provoking
performances and engaging with theaudience in a theatre sports style show.
The program was specifically designed
for the Sydney Airport workforce andaimed to ensure all team members areaware of behavioural expectations while
at Sydney Airport, how to raise issues
and seek support, and what to do as
a bystander.

1
Policy andprocess
The guidelinesthat will enablepeople to thrive.

2

3

4

Place

Leadership

Benchmarking

The evironmentthat supports
people toperform.

The capability
and confidence
to bring inclusion
to life.

Tracking ourprogress.

A key priority within the B&I action plan for 2023 was to review and refresh our key
policies to ensure they are aligned to our B&I purpose, and support Sydney Airport to
attract, retain, and grow amazing talent.
In July 2023, we announced the introduction of an enhanced Leave Policy to support
working families. We also developed and rolled out a Domestic & Family Violence(DFV) toolkit, to support our leaders and people understand domestic and family
violence and support available at SYD.
In 2023, we also launched our partnership with the Prime Minister’s Veterans
Employment Program which is aimed at providing job opportunities for ex-service
people and their families.

In 2023, we hosted a 3-day offsite
leadership program for all of Sydney
Airport’s General Managers. We
continued to offer our people accessto courses by the Australian Instituteof Management and LinkedIn Learning,which were utilised by 172 and 86
employees respectively during the year.
Throughout 2023, we also delivered
a diverse range of airport specifictraining for our people. These included
safety and compliance training, PowerBI
training, leadership development, hidden
disability training, mental health first aid
training, cyber and technology training,and professional skill development.

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Sustainability at Sydney Airport

Responsible business

Planning for the future

Supporting our people and community

Our people
Families@SYD

In 2023, Sydney Airport was reaccredited as a Family Inclusive Workplace by Family
Friendly Workplaces, which is a joint initiative led by United Nations Children’s Fund
(UNICEF) Australia and Parents At Work to create national work plus family standards
for all Australian workplaces. It establishes a benchmark to better support employees
juggling their work and family caring needs. This achievement demonstrates ourcommitment to raising the standards with policies and practices that embed a family
inclusive workplace culture at Sydney Airport.
Our Parents At Work program provides our people with leading work plus family
education, along with an abundance of resources for working parents, carers or
managers. Employees have unlimited access to ‘Families@SYD’ with resources
designed to support them through all stages of career and family life.

Gender equality
Gender equality continues to be a core focus for Sydney Airport. For us, this includes
priorities like setting ongoing targets for gender equality across the company,
normalising and embedding flexible work arrangements, and continuing to enhance
the policies that matter most to our people – including our gender neutral paid
parental leave policy.
We continue to remain committed to achieving our 2022- 2024 target of 40 | 40 | 20
gender balance1 across Sydney Airport’s leadership and overall.
In 2023, we achieved our target for Sydney Airport’s leadership, with 45 per centfemale representation in management roles. Unfortunately, our female representation
overall was 37 per cent. This result in our overall gender balance for 2023 was primarily
driven by a higher portion of new hires being in design and development roles, as aresult of our increased capital works, which are historically male dominated roles.
In 2023, our return from parental leave rate (team members stay with Sydney Airport
for at least 1 year post their parental leave) remained high at >90 per cent.
Gender pay equity remains a significant focus. Whilst we have reported an overall
gender pay gap of 11.2 per cent for 2023, there are no ‘like for like2’ pay gaps in any rolesat Sydney Airport. We proactively reviewed our gender pay practices multiple times
across 2023 and rapidly made required adjustments to ensure no like for like pay gaps.
While there is no gender pay gap at Sydney Airport in ‘like for like’ roles, we remaincommitted to the achievement of Gender Pay Equity as a non-negotiable outcome of
our B&I Action Plan.

Sydney Airport now
offering 26 weeks Paid
Parental Leave for all
employees
To support working families,
Sydney Airport has increased
paid parental leave for all
employees from 18 to 26 weeks.
In recognition that parenting is ashared responsibility, employeesof any gender can now take paid
parental leave anytime within thefirst two years of a child’s life.
We will also continue to pay
superannuation for the full
duration of paid and unpaid
parental leave.
The airport has also introduced
four weeks paid leave forsurrogate, foster, or kinshipcarers, reflecting that no two
families’ journeys are the same.
For any employee who
experiences the tragic loss ofa child through stillbirth, up to
26-weeks of paid parental leave
will be available, and four weeks
paid leave for employees who
suffer a miscarriage.
The number of paid Domestic andFamily Abuse Leave days havealso been increased from five to10, with the opportunity for staff
to apply for additional paid leave.
We recognise the vital role
working parents play and areproud to offer an industry leading
26 weeks paid parental leave toSydney Airport employees.
Often the journey to parenthoodis not a simple one, which is why
we have also introduced generous
paid leave for employees going
through fertility treatment,
surrogacy, adoption and kinshipcare arrangements. By increasing
leave for employees who suffer a
miscarriage or stillbirth, we hopeto provide greater support during
this traumatic time.

1. 40 per cent male, 40 per cent female, 20 per cent either gender, aligned to Workplace Gender Equality Agency (WGEA)
2. Per the WGEA reporting guidance, ’Like-for-like‘ pay gaps are defined as ”Pay gaps between women and men undertaking work of equal or comparable value(comparing jobs at the same performance standard), for example, comparing two senior engineers in the same organisation”.

Supporting our people and community

Performance data

47

Other information

Supporting our people and community

Our community

During 2023, we continued to work
closely with the diverse stakeholders of
our airport community. We continued
to work with the Australian, NSW, andlocal governments on a range of issues
during the year, including border andsecurity issues, airspace management,
environmental management, airport
infrastructure projects, the review ofSydney Airport’s Demand Management
Scheme, community projects that are
being part funded by Sydney Airport,
protection of land and planning laws,
and aviation safety.

Engagement with our
local community
Throughout the year we worked hard tomaintain our relationship with the local
community. In particular, the recovery
in the number of flights – from around
100 a day to 850 a day in just a two-year
period – has been a challenge for manyin the community who live beneath orclose to flight paths.
The Sydney Airport Community
Forum (SACF), which the AustralianGovernment convenes, met threetimes in 2023. SACF comprises stateand federal Members of Parliament
representing electorates in the vicinityof Sydney Airport as well as local mayors
and other community representatives.
As a member of SACF, Sydney Airport
provides regular updates on relevant
airport-related matters including groundtransport and other development
plans as well as aircraft noise and otherenvironmental issues.
Sydney Airport engages separately withthe local community about development
or other projects at the Airport that
temporarily change the pattern ofaircraft noise in areas around the
Airport. For example, due to essential
maintenance work being undertakenon the main north-south runway, thelimited numbers of overnight freight
and other aircraft allowed to operate
during the curfew must instead operatefrom the parallel north-south runway.
Sydney Airport distributes community
notices to affected local communities
in advance to advise them that there
will be a temporary change in aircraft
noise distribution.

We also engaged closely with the community as part of the south-east sector
project. This project will see six new aircraft parking bays constructed, two new
taxiways constructed and an existing taxiway extended in the airport’s south-east
sector. The $169 million project was originally approved by the Australian Government
in 2019 but commencement was delayed due to the pandemic. To ensure worker
safety, use of both Runway 07/25 and 16R/34L have been affected at various stagesof the project. This in turn changes the pattern of aircraft noise in areas around
Sydney Airport. SACF was briefed on the noise implications of the project and around
250,000 households around the Airport were letterboxed with a community noticewith Sydney Airport contact details should members of the public wish to obtainfurther information. The project is scheduled to be completed in early 2025.

Sydney Airport – Bayside Council Community and Environmental
Projects FundWe continued to work closely with
Bayside Council to progress local
community projects being funded by
Sydney Airport under the joint Sydney
Airport – Bayside Council Communityand Environmental Projects Fund.
Created in 2018, Sydney Airport has
to date allocated nearly $6.5 million
to the Fund, with a further $1.3 million
planned for FY2024/25.
Our funding will support the Council’s
substantial upgrade of the BotanyAquatic Centre. This will incorporate
an integrated family and water playarea with an aviation theme. The
upgrade should be completed by 2025.
We also provided $200k funding tosupport tree planting in the Sir Joseph
Banks Park. This greening initiative will
increase tree canopy in the local area.
The initiative sees 150 mature trees
planted, all native, locally endemic
species that will provide habitat for
wildlife and educational opportunities
for children visiting the park.

This project was completed in 2023.
In 2023, we also agreed to partiallyfund Bayside Council’s new purposebuilt cycling (or ‘pump’) track, also in
Sir Joseph Banks Park. As part of the
project, there will be a new aviation‘plane spotting’ platform provided.
In 2023, Sydney Airport and Bayside
Council agreed to amend theMemorandum of Understanding(MOU) for the Joint Community andEnvironmental Projects Fund to ensurethat specific consideration will begiven to future projects that deliver
and/or facilitate the following:• consultation with traditionalcustodians of the relevant area inthe project planning phase• engagement of Indigenous-owned
businesses during the projectdelivery phase• Indigenous employment
opportunities during project delivery
and implementation phases

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Sustainability at Sydney Airport

Responsible business

Planning for the future

Supporting our people and community

Our community
Social impact andcommunity investment

Our social impact strategy is connected
to our overall purpose, which is To Make
Sydney Proud Every Day by focusing
on three pillars: people, procurement
and partners.
Aligning with our Sustainability
Strategy, we strategically support andtangibly connect with organisations
and partners to achieve purpose led
initiatives that have positive impacts
on the community, examples of which
are discussed throughout this section.
A key target in our 2022-2024
Sustainability Strategy is to increase
our community investment by 10 per
year-on-year.
In 2023, we exceeded this target with
$2.82m of community investment
as verified by Business for Societal
Impact (B4SI), a 25 per cent increaseon 2022. This includes cash, time, in-kind
donations, and management costs.

Supporting our local community
by repurposing lost property
Sydney Airport’s popular Lost
Property Auction returned in 2023,
after a two-year hiatus due to the
COVID pandemic.
A total of $200k was raised for ourpartner, Bayside Women’s Shelter,
which supports women and children
escaping family and domestic violencein the South-East Sydney area.
While there is a dedicated team thatworks hard to reunite lost property withpassengers, what remains unclaimed is
donated to charity or is repurposed in
the Lost Property Auction.
This year, more than 3,000 items weresold with strong media coverageof the auction and how Bayside
Women’s Shelter planned to use thefunds encouraging members of the
public to bid generously.
Bayside Women’s Shelter General
Manager, Sallianne Faulkner, said:“We will use the proceeds to develop
and fund a new social enterprise hub,working together with our community
toward breaking the cycle of domestic
and family violence. Our vision is
to create a sustainable hub where
survivors can begin to rebuild theirlives with skills development, training
and paid work to help set them up for
the future.”
Since 2013, Sydney Airport’s lost
property auctions have raised
more than $1.6m for charities andcommunity organisations.

Diverting our spend for good
Our commitment to driving broadersocial change through spending
initiatives was a key priority in 2023,
which is reflected in the significant
increase in purpose-led procurement.
We spent a total of $2.23m on socialand Indigenous procurement, as verified
by KPMG, a 24 per cent increase on
20221, well above our 10 per centyear‑on‑year target.
Diverting our spend resulted in positive
impacts across the community
including employment and financial
care for modern slavery survivors,
paid employment for people with adisability and preventative mental
health initiatives.
In 2023, we also facilitated additional
contributions to our community fromour customers and our people to thevalue of $143k which is referred toas leverage in the B4SI framework.

1. In 2023, we expanded our definition of Social and Indigenous procurement, which was “direct procurement with Social Traders certified enterprises, Supply Nation
certified organisations and an Australian Charities and Not-for-profits Commission registered organisation with the intention of the purchase being the supply of goods
or services” to also include “direct spend with BCorp certified organisations.” This decision was made to ensure we wholly and accurately capture all of our social andindigenous procurement spend. Our 2022 spend has been recalculated and restated under this new definition to reflect this.

Supporting our people and community

Performance data

Other information

49

Enriching our Indigenous
connections
Our long-standing partnership with the
Gujaga Foundation continued in 2023,
strengthening our ties with our local La
Perouse Aboriginal community.
The Gujaga Foundation held six
cultural awareness training courses
throughout the year to help our people
better understand the spirituality andfoundational Aboriginal cultures of NSW
while increasing their understandingof kinship.
During Reconciliation Week, ourpeople joined Aunty Maxine and Aunty
Lola, Elders from our local La Perouse
Indigenous community, for an interactive
Indigenous arts and crafts session. While
sharing their love and knowledge ofAboriginal arts and crafts, the Aunties
also shared stories about their own lives
and opened up discussions on howeach of us can contribute to achieving
reconciliation in Australia.
To help create new career opportunities,
Sydney Airport welcomed our firstIndigenous apprentices in 2022 and thisyear they completed their second yearof learning practical skills as part of their
TAFE certification.
One of the young apprentices has now
completed his training and earned his
NSW Electrical License and Sydney
Airport was delighted to offer him afull time role within our Baggage Team
starting in 2024.

We continue to strengthen ourpartnership with Wildflower Gardensfor Good, an Indigenous led not-forprofit organisation that specialises
in premium sustainable horticulture,landscape and ecology services whileproviding meaningful work for young
people facing barriers to employment.
In 2023, the Wildflower team continued
as caretakers for our T1 internationalterminal forecourt gardens, which theyplanted in 2022, and also began a longterm bush regeneration project at the
Sydney Airport Wetlands.

Airport staff were able to volunteer
alongside the Wildflower team for atree planting day in the Wetlands, which
provided our people with an opportunity
to learn about a First Nations
approach to bush regeneration andto engage with the young Wildflower
workers, to learn more about theirpersonal journeys.
Wildflower Gardens for Good board
member, Jasmin Speedy, said: “It takes
genuine support to make meaningfulchange and as one of our first major
partners, we really value our ongoingalliance with Sydney Airport.”

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Sustainability at Sydney Airport

Responsible business

Planning for the future

Supporting our people and community

Our community

Economic contribution
Indigenous student awarded
SYD100 Scholarship
We continue to invest in the next
generation of aviation leaders
through our partnership with the
University of New South Wales(UNSW). In 2023, the Trevor Gerber
SYD100 Scholarship was awarded to
Timothy Walker, a proud Indigenous
man from the Dharug people of the
Hawkesbury region.
This year, Timothy completed his
first year of a Bachelor of Aviation
Management at the University of
New South Wales (UNSW).
“Being able to study at university
and be an open proud Indigenous
man is incredibly important when
so many of my ancestors, even mygrandma, were never able to share
their Indigenous identity out offear. It shows that no matter whatbackground or heritage you comefrom, anything is possible, especiallyfor First Nations individuals. It also
highlights how important education
is to success,” Timothy said.
Sydney Airport first introduced the
Trevor Gerber SYD100 scholarship in
2020, in honour of Sydney Airport’s
centenary, and will award one fullscholarship every year for a century.
The scholarship supports
under‑represented groups in
the aviation industry, including
people with diverse cultural andsocio‑economic backgrounds,
women and Indigenous students.

We worked hard throughout the year,
alongside our partner organisations, tocontribute to Australia’s economy.
We continue to facilitate Australia’sconnection to the world, enabling trade
and tourism, and serviced the needs ofour communities by providing accessto transport and freight, essential
medical and social services, businessand tourism.
The following economic value
contributions shown below are based on
the SCACH consolidated financial report:• $1.49 billion of direct economic value
generated in the form of revenue• $1.27 billion of economic value
distributed in the form of operating
costs, payments to employees andgovernment, payments to providersof capital and community investments• $216.6 million in economic value
retained• $420.1 million in capital investment onprioritising critical projects that target
asset resilience, safety and security
Our reliable and resilient
airport infrastructure
supports economic
development and wellbeing.

Community volunteering
Volunteering not only aligns with ourcore value of serving our community,
but it also brings our teams together in ashared commitment to make a positive
impact beyond the workplace.
Our people volunteered a total of
685 hours across a wide variety oforganisations including the Dandelion
Support Network, The Freedom Hub,and Raise Foundation.

This was our fourth year of partneringwith Raise Foundation, a volunteer
mentor organisation that offers earlyintervention mentoring to high school
teenagers all over Australia.
In 2023, nine team members volunteered
their time as part of a 22-week program
to mentor students at Canterbury Boys’
High School.
We are diversifying our
supply chain to support
marginalised communities
through spend with social
enterprises and Indigenousowned businesses.

Supporting our people and community

Performance data

51

Other information

Performance data
The data covers the performance and activities over which Sydney Airport had operational control during all, or part of, the year
ended 31 December 2023.
For the years prior to 2020, environmental data sets (emissions, energy, waste, water, noise and environmental spills) were reported
for 1 July to 30 June, in line with Sydney Airport’s regulatory environmental reporting obligations. In 2020, this transitioned to acalendar year data set to align with all other data sets.
From July 2019, emissions, water and waste data from T3 domestic terminal is included in our environmental reporting in line withthe handover of T3 domestic terminal operations to Sydney Airport.
In October 2020, Sydney Airport assumed ownership of the Jet Fuel Infrastructure at the airport. Energy, emissions and water data
is included in 2020 performance data for the three month period, and the full year from 2021 onwards.
Commitments and data points reported heavily impacted by COVID-19 are asterisked (*) in the tables below and may represent ananomaly in trend performance year on year.

General metrics

2023

2022

2021

2020

2019

Revenue (AU$ million)

1,490.2

1,130.2

620.6

803.7

1,639.7

Number of passengers (million)

38.65

29.12

7.93

11.24

44.4

Number of domestic passengers1 (million)

24.11

20.89

7.17

7.45

27.5

Number of international passengers (million)

14.54

8.23

0.75

3.79

16.9

Total number of aircraft movements (‘000s)

316.52276.93

139.7

137.3

348.7

591

522

469

436

508

2023

2022

2021

2020

2019

2

Total number of employees

Health, safety and security

3

Injuries and injury rates
Injuries by type – Employees
Fatalities

0

0

0

0

0

4

Lost time

4

6

2

6

6

Medical treatment

4

6

8

3

8

Fatalities

0

0

0

0

0

Lost time

19

5

6

13

14

Medical treatment

8

11

0

6

11

Injuries by type – Service providers5

1. Includes T2 & T3.
2. Includes passenger movements, freight movements and other general aviation movements.
3. Number updated for accuracy based on internal data reviews.
4. LTI is a work–related injury that results in at least one full day or shift being lost after the day in which the injury or illness occurred.
5. Service providers (including cleaning, security, curb side management, waste management, parking and trolleys and bussing) engaged by Sydney Airport.

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52

Sustainability at Sydney Airport

Responsible business

2023

2021

Planning for the future

Performance data
Health, safety and security continued

2022

2020

2019

Injuries and injury rates continued
Hours worked
Employees

1,197,713

956,089

703,593931,084

931,675

3,449,715

2,283,082

1,314,981

1,616,160

2,882,777

Employees

3.3

6.3

2.6

5.4

6.4

Service providers

5.5

2.2

4.5

8.0

4.9

Employees

6.7

12.6

12.9

9.7

15.0

Service providers

7.8

7.0

4.5

11.8

8.7

Passenger Incident Rate2

1.16

1.23

1.02

1.27

0.92

Absenteeism rate

2.16

2.07

1.80

2.08

—

3,339

4,084

3,128

1,699

1,891

978

563

632

736

840

99.4

100

96

96

—

67

37

9

34

—

23,784

16,370

8,170

7,687

6,287

3.66

2.76

4.21

2.4

2.33

Number of reportable data security breaches

0

0

0

0

—

Number of breaches involving confidential information

0

0

0

0

—

Number of customers affected

0

0

0

0

—

Service providers
Lost Time Injury Frequency Rate (LTIFR) 1

Total Recordable Injury Frequency Rate (TRIFR)

Other rates

Training hours and inspections
Safety training hours
Number of safety walks and talks% of people leaders completing six safety walks

3# of staff trained in mental health first aid
Aviation safety
Aviation safety hours
Wildlife strikes4
Cyber security

1. Represents the number of LTIs per one million hours worked.
2. Represents the number of first aid and medical treatment injuries per 100,000 passengers.
3. This metric was updated in 2023 to six safety walks, up from 4 in prior years, reflecting an update to Sydney Airports target.
4. Wildlife strikes per 10,000 aircraft movements.

Supporting our people and community

Performance data

53

Other information

Environment1

2023

2022

2021

2020

2019

Total Scope 1 & 2 (Location based)2

76,14980,94971,38275,854

83,620

Scope 1

6,508

6,603

5,886

5,612

5,755

Natural gas

4,777

5,251

4,938

4,316

4,080

Greenhouse gas emissions (tCO2e)

Stationary fuels

139

114

122

140

134

Transport fuels

1,079

756

476

838

1,270

512

476

350

319

271

69,641

74,34665,49670,242

77,865

Electricity

69,641

74,43665,49670,242

77,865

Scope 3

489,103450,169

234,538 *

276,821 *883,983

Landing and Take Off

317,026

279,958

151,482

165,121431,445

Ground Support Equipment

13,704

11,659

5,886

6,005

29,380

Auxiliary Power Unit

13,311

11,037

5,810

6,150

49,247

Surface Access

90,937

96,04427,226

37,594

289,583

Third party energy

44,06644,30541,55558,32074,491

Waste

9,142

6,415

2,015

3,021

8,968

Engine testing

537

490

488

452

696

Corporate travel

316

192

15

53

81

Aviation Rescue and Fire Fighting

64

70

61

105

92

Other
Scope 2

3

Emissions intensity
Total emissions Intensity4 (kgCO2e/ PAX)

1.94

2.75

8.9 *

6.7 *

2.4

Total emissions Intensity5 (kgCO2e/ m2)

106.2

104.8

92.7

101.5

111.38

1,395

947

1,044

785

N/A

Carbon Offsetting (tCO2e)
Total offsets

1. Data from 2020 onwards is in line with the calendar year and includes T3 domestic terminal.
2. GHG inventory is compiled in line with the National Greenhouse and Energy Reporting Act and the National Greenhouse Accounts Factors.
3. Consists 100% of electricity consumption by Sydney Airport Corporation Limited.
4. Calculated by dividing total Scope 1 and 2 emissions by total number of passengers. Offsets purchased for Scope 1 emissions deducted. Includes T3 from 2020 onwards.
5. Calculated by dividing total Scope 1 and 2 emissions by total floor area (excludes transport-related Scope 1 emissions). Offsets purchased for Scope 1 emissions deducted.
Includes T3 from 2020 onwards.
* Result impacted by COVID-19 and may represent an anomaly trend in performance year on year.

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Planning for the future

Sustainability at Sydney Airport

Responsible business

2023

2022

2021

2020

2019

456,089455,673404,825

412,564446,544

92,710101,910 2

95,81983,75879,184

Stationary fuels

1,914

1,683

1,745

1,815

1,924

Transport fuels

15,446

10,8596,842

12,00718,067

Electricity (excl. renewables)

343,433

338,792

297,735

312,184

344,607

2,586

2,429

2,684

2,800

2,763

Carbon Monoxide (CO)

6,675

4,845

4,751

4,029

3,708

Oxides of Nitrogen (NOx)

9,576

7,187

7,291

5,705

6,670

Performance data
Environment1 continued
EnergyTotal energy consumption (GJ)
Natural gas

Renewable
Other air emissions (kg)3

24

50

47

45

34

Volatile Organic Compounds (VOC)4Oxides of Sulphur (SOx)6,585

4,933 5641,627 6

154,601 7

461

Suspended Particulate Matter (PM10)

866

552

530

415

417

Suspended Particulate Matter (PM2.5)

824

543

523

412

414

Total water consumption (KL)628,496590,930

453,494 *480,076 *

705,702

Potable water consumption

431,650

411,373

323,196328,255

526,698

Water

Ground water
Water recycled (and consumed)
Total water recycled (%)
Total water recycled T1 (%)

8

7

23

178

244

534

196,839

179,534

130,120

151,577

178,141

31%

30%

29%

32%

25%

37%

31%

35%

36%

30%

16.3

20.3 10

57

43

20.7

9

3

2

1

4

Water intensity
Total water intensity (L/PAX)9
Environmental Spills
Number of large spills (>100m2)
Noise
Noise complaints and breaches

1

2

0

2

2

Number of Aircraft Engine Operating Procedure breaches

3

0

0

0

0

1. Data from 2020 onwards is in line with the calendar year and includes T3 domestic terminal.
2. Natural gas correction from 2022 report due to revised calculations.
3. 2020 and 2021 calculated using partly extrapolated figures for fourth quarter.
4. Increase from 2020 due to Sydney Airport taking ownership of the Jet Fuel Infrastructure (JFI) in 2020.
5. 2022 VOC emissions for the Jet Fuel Infrastructure calculated using the US EPA TANKS v4.09D emission estimation software.
6. 2021 VOC emissions for the Jet Fuel Infrastructure calculated using the NPI EET Manual method.
7. 2020 VOC emissions for the Jet Fuel Infrastructure calculated using the NPI EET Manual method.
8. Calculated by dividing total water consumption (L) by the total number of passengers. Includes T3 domestic terminal from 2020 onwards.
9. Calculated by dividing total water consumption by the total number of passengers. Includes T3 domestic terminal from 2020 onwards.
10. Updated to 2 decimal places.
* Result impacted by COVID-19 and may represent an anomaly trend in performance year on year

Supporting our people and community

Performance data

Environment1 continued

55

Other information

2023

2022

2021

2020

2019

5,830

4,273

1,544 *

2,325 *

6,360

Waste 2
Waste generated (tonnes)
Hazardous waste (quarantine)

1,585

890

134

454

1,772

Non-hazardous waste3

4,245

4,088

1,409

1,870

4,588

Waste disposal (tonnes)

5,830

4,273

1,544 *

2,325 *

6,360

816

754 5

552

795

1,990

Recycling (including e-waste and green waste)4
Autoclaving and landfill

1,585

890

134

454

1,772

Landfill

3,310

2,509 6

793

1,034

2,598

119

119 7

57

42

Total waste recycled (%)

22.0

25.8

43.7

44.7

43.0

Waste intensity (kg/PAX)10

0.15

0.15

0.19

0.21

0.19

11.6

11.6

11.45

10.9

10

Organics recovery
89

Biodiversity
Habitat maintained (Ha)Habitat enhanced or restored (Ha)

0

0

0.15

0.55

0

Habitat protected (Ha)

23

23

23

23

23

Customer satisfaction (out of five)

2023

2022

2021 112020 122019

International

4.07

3.83

—

4.29

4.21

Domestic

3.92

3.87

—

4.21

4.16

International

3.97

3.65

—

4.36

4.28

Domestic

3.74

3.61

—

4.21

4.20

International

4.05

3.81

—

4.37

4.31

Domestic

3.87

3.79

—

4.25

4.22

Customer

Ambience

Cleanliness

Wayfinding
International

4.02

3.85

—

4.23

4.19

Domestic

3.95

3.90

—

4.3

4.25

1. Data from 2020 onwards is in line with the calendar year and includes T3 domestic terminal.
2. Excludes waste generated on aircraft, Qantas Premium Lounge and construction waste.
3. Includes non-quarantine solid and liquid wastes.
4. Total Recycled waste, as assured by KPMG, comprises of Recycling waste and Organics recovery waste.
5. Restatement due to contractor breach and incorrect reporting provided to SYD. Refer to page 25 for details.
6. Restatement due to contractor breach and incorrect reporting provided to SYD. Refer to page 25 for details.
7. Restatement due to contractor breach and incorrect reporting provided to SYD. Refer to page 25 for details.
8. Excludes quarantine waste.
9. Restatement due to contractor breach and incorrect reporting provided to SYD. Refer to page 25 for details.
10. Calculated by dividing total hazardous and non-hazardous in kilograms by the number of passengers. Includes T3 domestic terminal from 2020 onwards.
11. Customer satisfaction data for 2020 reported for Q1 only due to COVID-19.
12. Surveys not undertaken in 2021 due to COVID-19.
* Result impacted by COVID-19 and may represent an anomaly trend in performance year on year.

Sydney Airport | Sustainability Report 2023

56

Sustainability at Sydney Airport

Planning for the future

Responsible business

Performance data
People and Organisation1

2023

2022

2021

2020

2019

Total employees

591

522

469

436

508

Total Workforce by employment type

M

F

M

F

M

F

M

F

M

Permanent full time

335

180

291

167

290

147

276

139

300

Permanent part time

1

11

1

14

1

14

3

12

10

Fixed term full time

33

27

23

22

6

10

1

2

2

Fixed term part time

1

3

1

3

1

0

3

0

0

Casual

0

3

0

0

0

0

0

0

0

Total Workforce by age

M

F

M

F

M

F

M

F

M

<30

31

19

20

17

22

10

18

12

26

30-50

205

158

185

150

181

130

185

113

197

>50

134

44

111

39

95

31

79

28

89

Total Workforce by category

M

F

M

F

M

F

M

F

M

Board

9

3

9

3

4

2

5

2

5

CEO

1

0

1

0

1

0

1

0

1

Key management personnel

3

3

2

2

2

1

2

1

2

Other executive/ General Manager

11

8

7

5

7

7

7

5

10

Senior Manager

25

17

22

12

23

12

16

11

10

Other Manager

48

44

39

44

37

26

55

24

47

Professional

160

117

129

112

127

95

102

77

142

Technical and trade

117

4

110

3

97

3

93

11

96

Administration and clerical

5

28

6

28

4

27

2

22

4

Diversity
Diversity in the total workforce
Number of female employees

221

206

171

153

196

% women in the total workforce

37

39

36

35

39

% of females in management roles

45

47

35

34

37

Female representation by category
Board

25%

25%

33%

29%

29%

CEO

0%

0%

0%

0%

0%

Key management personnel

50%

50%

33%

33%

33%

Other executive/ General Manager

50%

42%

50%

42%

38%

Senior Manager

40%

35%

34%

41%

52%

Other Manager

48%

53%

41%

30%

33%

Professional

42%

46%

43%

43%

44%

Technical and trade

3%

3%

3%

11%

9%*

Administration and clerical

85%

82%

87%

92%

90%

1. Gender based reporting by category and age adopted in reporting from 2019 onwards.

Supporting our people and community

Performance data

57

Other information

People and Organisation1 continued

2023

2022

2021

2020

2019

88.8

96.3

97.6

99.8

95.9

153

126

92

62

96

Pay equity2
Gender pay equity ratio
Recruitment and retention
New hires
Total number of new hires

New hires by gender (%)

M

F

M

F

M

F

M

F

M

57

43

46

54

51

49

56

44

55

Turnover rate
Total turnover rate

12

15

14

Voluntary employee turnover rate (%)

1011Involuntary employee turnover rate (%)

2

4Turnover rate by age and gender (%)

M

F

M

<30
30-50

0

1

2

5

>50

2

2

33

19

11

11

12

3

22

7

F

M

F

M

F

M

0

1

0

2

2

2

1

2

0

7

12

10

13

6

6

5

7

6

4

2

2

Collective bargaining agreements
Employees in collective bargaining agreements (%)

18

37

35

35

Internal recruitment (%)

14

6

21

31

Employees promoted (%)

8

2

17

11

% employees participated

87

88

82

86

Total employee engagement score

78

75

78

80

Internal movement and opportunities

Employee engagement

Employee engagement score by gender

3

M

F

M

F

M

F

M

F

M

79

75

75

76

79

84

81

78

71

Training
Average training hours and spend
Total average hours of training per employee

22.3

19.2

16.2

9.6

Average amount spent per employee on training (AUD$)

2,128

1,951

431

719

1. Gender based reporting by category and age adopted in reporting from 2019 onwards.
2. Calculated on base salary and superannuation.
3. Employee Engagement survey was not conducted in 2021. This result is the average score for a Pulse Survey conducted in 2021.

Sydney Airport | Sustainability Report 2023

58

Planning for the future

Sustainability at Sydney Airport

Responsible business

2023

2022

2021

2020

Number of whistleblower reports

2

3

8

2

Number of substantiated whistleblower reports

0

0

0

0

Value of fines paid for non-compliance ($AU million)

0

0

0

0

Number of on-going investigations for non-compliance

0

0

0

0

$2,200$1,300$1,000$1,990

100%

100%

100%

100%

Total community investment2 (AU$ million)

2.82

2.26

1.86

2.7

5.2

Social and Indigenous procurement (AU$ million)

2.23 3

1.8 4

0.57

—

—

685

846

1,267

1,982

185

1

1

3

3

3

Performance data
Community

2019

Whistleblower reports

Compliance with laws and regulations

Contributions and Donations
Value of political donations ($AUD) 1
Supplier Code of Conduct% of suppliers who have signed contracts whichreference SYD’s code of conduct
Community Contribution

Employee participation
Volunteer hours
Employees participating in payroll giving (%)

1. Includes the annual total monetary contribution to and spending for political campaigns and political organisations. This includes attendances at political eventsand conferences.
2. Calculated and verified in accordance with the Business For Societal Impact (B4SI) framework in 2022.
3. In 2023, we expanded our definition of Social and Indigenous procurement, which was “direct procurement with Social Traders certified enterprises, Supply Nation
certified organisations and an Australian Charities and Not-for-profits Commission registered organisation with the intention of the purchase being the supply of goods
or services” to also include “direct spend with BCorp certified organisations.” This decision was made to ensure we wholly and accurately capture all of our social andindigenous procurement spend. Our 2022 spend has been recalculated and restated under this new definition to reflect this.
4. In 2023, we expanded our definition of Social and Indigenous procurement, which was “direct procurement with Social Traders certified enterprises, Supply Nation
certified organisations and an Australian Charities and Not-for-profits Commission registered organisation with the intention of the purchase being the supply of goods
or services” to also include “direct spend with BCorp certified organisations.” This decision was made to ensure we wholly and accurately capture all of our social andindigenous procurement spend. Our 2022 spend has been recalculated and restated under this new definition to reflect this.

Supporting our people and community

Performance data

59

Other information

Other information

GRI Content Index
Statementof useSydney Aviation Alliance Holdings Pty Limited has reported the information cited in this GRI content index for theperiod 1 January 2023 to 31 December 2023 with reference to the GRI Standards.

GRI 1 used

GRI 1: Foundation 2021

GRI
Standard

Disclosure Title

Disclosure / Location

GRI 2: General Disclosures 2021
The organisation and its reporting practices
2-1

Name of the organisation

2023 Sustainability Report – About Sydney Airport

2-2

Entities included in sustainability reporting

Sydney Aviation Alliance Holdings Pty Limited
Southern Cross Airports Corporation Holdings Limited
Sydney Airport Corporation Limited

2-3

Reporting period, frequency andcontact details

Reporting period: 1 January 2023 to 31 December 2023
Frequency: annual
Contact point: sustainability@syd.com.au
Publication date: 15 April 2023

2-4

Restatements of information

Restatements have been footnoted in the Performance data
section of the 2023 Sustainability Report where applicable

2-5

External assurance

2023 Sustainability Report – Limited assurance statement

2-6

Activities, value chain and otherbusiness relationships

2023 Sustainability Report – About Sydney Airport
2023 Sustainability Report – Our approach to sustainability >Stakeholder Engagement
2023 Modern Slavery Statement
SYD website – Corporate > Partner with us; Join us

2-7

Employees2023 Sustainability Report – Performance data >People and organisation

Governance structure and composition

SYD website – Corporate > About > Board and management

Governance
2-9

SYD website – Corporate > Sustainability > Governance
2-11

Chair of the highest governance body

SYD website – Corporate > About > Board and management

2-12

Roles of the highest governance body inoverseeing the management of impacts

2023 Sustainability Report – Our approach to sustainability

Role of the highest governance body insustainability reporting

2023 Sustainability Report – Our approach to sustainability

Communication of critical concerns

2023 Sustainability Report – Fair and ethical business

2-14

2-16

SYD website – Corporate > Sustainability > Governance
SYD website – Corporate > Sustainability >Governance; Sustainability
2023 Sustainability Report – Performance data >People and organisation
SYD website – Corporate > Sustainability >Fair and ethical business > Sydney Airport Code of Conduct;
Whistleblower Policy

2-17Collective knowledge of the highest
governance body2023 Sustainability Report – Climate resilience
2023 TCFD Report
Sydney Airport | Sustainability Report 2023

60

Sustainability at Sydney Airport

Responsible business

Planning for the future

Other information

GRI Content Index
GRI
Standard

Disclosure Title

Disclosure / Location

GRI 2: General Disclosures 2021
Strategy, policies and practices
2-22Statement on sustainable
development strategy

2023 Sustainability Report – Chairman and CEO message

2-23

Policy commitments

2023 Sustainability Report – Fair and ethical business
SYD website – Corporate > Sustainability > Fair and ethicalbusiness > Sydney Airport Code of Conduct; Human Rights
Policy; Environment Policy; Risk Management Policy

Mechanisms for seeking advice andraising concerns

2023 Sustainability Report – Fair and ethical business

2-27

Compliance with laws and regulations

2023 Sustainability Report – Performance data > Compliancewith laws and regulations

2-28

Membership of associations

Current main memberships across the company:

2-26

SYD website – Corporate > Sustainability > Fair andethical business > Sydney Airport Code of Conduct;
Whistleblower Policy• Airports Council International• Australian Airports Association• Botany Bay Business Enterprise Centre• Business Council of Australia• Boarder Force Customs Advisory Board• Infrastructure Partnerships Australia• Property Council of Australia (NSW)• Tourism and Transport Forum Australia (TTF)• Business Sydney• Bioenergy Australia• Green Building Council of Australia (GBCA)• UN Global Compact Australia (UNGCA)
Stakeholder engagement
2-29

Approach to stakeholder engagement

2023 Sustainability Report – Stakeholder engagement
SYD website – Corporate > Sustainability > Stakeholder
engagement

2-30

Collective bargaining agreements

2023 Sustainability Report – Performance data >People and organisation
For employees that are not covered by a collective bargaining
agreement, the working conditions and terms of employment
are stipulated in individual employment contracts and governedby the Fair Work Act 2009 (National Employment Standards).

Supporting our people and community

GRI
Standard

Performance data

Disclosure Title

61

Other information

Disclosure / Location

Material Topics
GRI 3: Material Topics 2021
3-1

Process to determine material topics

2023 Sustainability Report – Material issues

3-2

List of material topics

2023 Sustainability Report – Material issues

Management of material topics

2023 Sustainability Report – Safety

Safety3-3

GRI 403: Occupational Health and Safety 2018403-1

Occupational health and safety
management system

2023 Sustainability Report – Safety

403-9

Work-related injuries

2023 Sustainability Report – Safety2023 Sustainability Report – Performance data >Health, safety and security

Security
3-3Management of material topics

2023 Sustainability Report – Material issues
2023 Sustainability Report – Security
SYD website – Corporate > Sustainability > Safety and security

Climate Change
3-3Management of material topics

2023 Sustainability Report – Material issues
2023 Sustainability Report – Climate resilience
2023 TCFD Report
SYD website – Corporate > Sustainability > Climate resilience

GRI 201: Economic Performance 2016
201-2

Financial implications and other risks andopportunities due to climate change

2023 Sustainability Report – Climate resilience
2023 TCFD Report
SYD website – Corporate > Sustainability > Climate resilience

Customer Experience
3-3Management of material topics

2023 Sustainability Report – Material issues
2023 Sustainability Report – Sustainable design anddevelopment -Customer experienceOwn
indicator

Customer satisfaction

2023 Sustainability Report – Performance data > Customer

Own
indicator

Passenger incident rate

2023 Sustainability Report – Performance data >Health, safety and security

Sydney Airport | Sustainability Report 2023

62

Sustainability at Sydney Airport

Responsible business

Planning for the future

Other information

GRI Content Index
GRI
Standard

Disclosure Title

Disclosure / Location

Material Topics
Employee, Attraction and Development
3-3Management of material topics

2023 Sustainability Report – Material issues
2023 Sustainability Report – Our people
SYD website – Corporate > Sustainability > People
SYD website – Corporate > Join us > Employee benefits

GRI 401: Employment 2016
401-1

New employee hires and employee turnover2023 Sustainability Report – Our people
2023 Sustainability Report – Performance data >People and organisation

GRI 404: Training and Education 2016
404-1

404-2

Average hours of training per year
per employee

2023 Sustainability Report – Our people

Programs for upgrading employee skills
and transition assistance programs2023 Sustainability Report – Our people

2023 Sustainability Report – Performance data >People and organisation
SYD website – Corporate > Sustainability > People

Environmental Management
3-3Management of material topics

2023 Sustainability Report – Material issues
2023 Sustainability Report – Environmental management
SYD website – Corporate > Sustainability > Environment

GRI 302: Energy 2016
302-1

Energy consumption within the organisation

2023 Sustainability Report – Environmental management
2023 Sustainability Report – Performance data > Environment

302-3

Energy intensity

2023 Sustainability Report – Environmental management
2023 Sustainability Report – Performance data > Environment

302-4

Reduction in energy consumption

2023 Sustainability Report – Environmental management

GRI 305: Emissions 2016
305-1

Direct (Scope 1) GHG emissions

2023 Sustainability Report – Environmental management
2023 Sustainability Report – Performance data > Environment

305-2

Energy indirect (Scope 2) GHG emissions

2023 Sustainability Report – Environmental management
2023 Sustainability Report – Performance data > Environment

305-3

Other indirect (Scope 3) GHG emissions

2023 Sustainability Report – Environmental management
2023 Sustainability Report – Performance data > Environment
2023 Sustainability Report- Climate Resilience

305-4

GHG emissions intensity

2023 Sustainability Report – Performance data > Environment

GRI 303: Water and Effluents 2018
303-5

Water consumption

2023 Sustainability Report – Environmental management
2023 Sustainability Report – Performance data > Environment

Supporting our people and community

GRI
Standard

Performance data

Disclosure Title

63

Other information

Disclosure / Location

Material Topics
GRI 306: Effluents and Waste 2016306-2

Waste by type and disposal method2023 Sustainability Report – Environmental management
2023 Sustainability Report – Performance data > Environment306-3

Significant spills

2023 Sustainability Report – Performance data > Environment

GRI 304: Biodiversity 2016
304-3

Habitats protected or restored

2023 Sustainability Report – Environmental management
2023 Sustainability Report – Performance data > Environment
SYD website – Corporate > Sustainability >Environment > Biodiversity

Airspace and Airfield Operational Efficiency
3-3Management of material topics

2023 Sustainability Report – Material issues
2023 Sustainability Report – Sustainable design anddevelopment – Airspace and airfield efficiency
SYD website – Corporate > Sustainability >Operational efficiency and continuous improvement;
Stakeholder engagement

Operational Efficiency and Continuous Improvement
3-3Management of material topics

2023 Sustainability Report – Material issues
2023 Sustainability Report – Sustainable design anddevelopment – Airfield efficiency
SYD website – Corporate > Sustainability >Operational efficiency and continuous improvement;
Business continuity and resilience

Sustainable Design and Development
3-3Management of material topics

2023 Sustainability Report – Material issues
2023 Sustainability Report – Sustainable design anddevelopment
SYD website – Corporate > Sustainability >Sustainable design and development

Cyber Security, Technology and Innovation
3-3Management of material topics

2023 Sustainability Report – Material issues
2023 Sustainability Report – Technology and cyber security
SYD website – Corporate > Sustainability > Cyber security,
technology and innovation

Own
indicator

Reportable cyber security breaches

2023 Sustainability Report – Security
2023 Sustainability Report – Performance data >Health, safety and security

Sydney Airport | Sustainability Report 2023

64

Sustainability at Sydney Airport

Responsible business

Planning for the future

Other information

GRI Content Index
GRI
Standard

Disclosure Title

Disclosure / Location

Material Topics
Fair and Ethical Business
3-3Management of material topics

2023 Sustainability Report – Material issues
2023 Sustainability Report – Fair and ethical business2023 Modern Slavery Statement
SYD website – Corporate > Sustainability >Fair and ethical business

Own
indicator

Suppliers assessed against the expectations
set out in the Supplier Code of Conduct

2023 Sustainability Report – Performance data >Supplier Code of Conduct

GRI 415: Public Policy 2016
415-1

Political Contributions

2023 Sustainability Report – Performance data >Political contributions

Business Continuity and Resilience
3-3Management of material topics

2023 Sustainability Report – Material issues
2023 Sustainability Report – Security
SYD website – Corporate > Sustainability >Business continuity and resilience

Diversity and Inclusion
GRI 405: Diversity and Equal Opportunity 2016
405-1

405-2

Diversity of governance bodies
and employees

2023 Sustainability Report – Our people

Ratio of basic salary and remunerationof women to men

2023 Sustainability Report – Our people

2023 Sustainability Report – Performance data >People and organisation
2023 Sustainability Report – Performance data >People and organisation

Access to and from the Airport
3-3Management of material topics

2023 Sustainability Report – Material issues
2023 Sustainability Report – Sustainable design and development
SYD website – Plan your airport journey

Community Investment and Engagement
3-3Management of material topics

2023 Sustainability Report – Material issues
2023 Sustainability Report – Engagement with our local
community
SYD website – Corporate > Sustainability >Stakeholder engagement/ Community

Own
indicator

Community investment

2023 Sustainability Report – Material issues
2023 Sustainability Report – Social impact and community
investment
2023 Sustainability Report – Performance data > Community
SYD website – Corporate > Sustainability > CommunitySupporting our people and community

GRI
Standard

Performance data

Disclosure Title

65

Other information

Disclosure / Location

Material Topics
Aircraft Noise
3-3

Management of material topics

2023 Sustainability Report – Material issues
2023 Sustainability Report – Environmental management
2023 Sustainability Report – Engagement with our local
community
2023 Sustainability Report – Performance data >Environment > NoiseSYD website – Corporate > Sustainability > Community >Aircraft noise

Economic Contribution
GRI 201: Economic Performance 2016
3-3

Management of material topics

2023 Sustainability Report – Material issues
2023 Sustainability Report – Economic contribution

201-1

Direct economic value generated
and distributed

2023 Sustainability Report – Economic contribution
2023 Sustainability Report – Performance data > General
metrics

GRI 203: Indirect Economic Impacts 2016
203-1

Infrastructure investments andservices supported

2023 Sustainability Report – Sustainable design anddevelopment
2023 Sustainability Report – Economic contribution

203-2

Significant indirect economic impacts

2023 Sustainability Report – Material issues
2023 Sustainability Report – Economic contribution
SYD website – Corporate > Economic Contributionof Sydney Airport

Sydney Airport | Sustainability Report 2023

66

Sustainability at Sydney Airport

Responsible business

Planning for the future

Other information

SASB Index
SASB guides the disclosure of financially material sustainability data and classifies Sydney Airport under the Professional andCommercial Services sector.
We have included all financially material topics under Professional and Commercial Services, our assigned sector, as well as material
topics from the Real Estate, Airline, Leisure Facilities and Air Freight sectors where relevant.
SASB Sector:
Professional and commercial services

Reference

SYD disclosure/ reference

Topic: Data security
Description of approach to identifying
and addressing data security risks

SV-PS 230a.1

Description of policies and practices
relating to collection, usage, and retentionof customer information

SV-PS 230a.2

1) Number of data breaches,2) percentage involving customers’confidential business information or
personally identifiable information
3) number of customers affected2023 Sustainability Report – Technology and cybersecurity
SYD website – Corporate > Sustainability > Cyber
security, technology and innovation
SYD website – Corporate > Sustainability > Cyber
security, technology and innovation
SYD website – Privacy

SV-PS 230a.3

2023 Sustainability Report – Technology and cybersecurity
2023 Sustainability Report – Performance data >Health, Safety and Security

Topic: Workforce diversity and engagement
Percentage of gender and racial/ethnic
group representation for1) executive management and2) all other employees

SV-PS 330a.1

1) Voluntary and2) involuntary turnover rate for employees

SV-PS 330a.2

Employee engagement as a percentage

SV-PS 330a.3

2023 Sustainability Report – Our people
2023 Sustainability Report – Performance data >People and organisation

Topic: Professional integrity
2023 Sustainability Report - Fair and ethicalpractices
Description of approach to ensuring
professional integrity

SV-PS 510a.1

SYD website – Corporate > Sustainability >Fair and ethical business
SYD website – Corporate > About > Corporate
governance > Sydney Airport Code of Conduct

Total amount of monetary losses as aresult of legal proceedings associatedwith professional integrity

SV-PS 510a.2

Zero monetary losses or fines attributable toprofessional integrity or anticompetitive behaviour

Number of employees by: (1) full-time andpart-time, (2) temporary, and (3) contract

SV-PS-000.A

2023 Sustainability Report - Performance data >People and organisation

Employee hours worked

SV-PS-000.B

1,197,713 hours

Activity metrics

Supporting our people and community

Performance data

Other relevant SASB metrics

67

Other information

Reference

SYD disclosure/ reference

Greenhouse gas emissions

AirlineDiscussion of long-term and short-term
strategy or plan to manage Scope 1 emissions,emissions reduction targets, and an analysis ofperformance against those targets

TR-AF 10a.2

AirlineGross global Scope 1 emissions

TR-AF 110a.1
TR-AL 110a.1

Airline(1) Total fuel consumed, (2) percentage
alternative, (3) percentage sustainable

TR-AF 110a.3
TR-AL 110a.3

2023 Sustainability Report - Environmental
management; Climate resilience
SYD website – Corporate > Sustainability > Climate
resilience
2023 Sustainability Report - Performance data >Environment(1) 443 KL (2) 0.79% (3) 0%

Energy management
Real
EstateLeisure(1) Total energy consumed, (2) percentage gridelectricity, (3) percentage renewable

SV-LF 130a.1
IF-RE 130a.2

2023 Sustainability Report - Performance data >Environment(1) 456,089 GJ (2) 75.87% (3) 0.57%

Climate adaptation
Real
EstateDescription of climate change risk exposure
analysis, degree of systematic portfolio
exposure, and strategies for mitigating risks

2023 TCFD Report
IF-RE 450a.2

2023 Sustainability Report - Climate resilience
SYD website - Corporate > Sustainability > Climate
resilience

Air quality
Air
Freight

Air emissions of the following pollutants:(1) NOx (excluding N2O), (2) SOx, and (3)particulate matter (PM10)

TR-AF 120a.1

2023 Sustainability Report - Performance data >Environment

TR-AF 320a.1

2023 Sustainability Report - Performance data >Health, Safety and Security

Employee health and safety
Air
Freight(1) Total recordable incident rate (TRIR) and (2)fatality rate for (a) direct employees and (b)contract employees

Accident and safety management
AirlineDescription of implementation and outcomesof a Safety Management System

TR-AF 540a.1
TR-AL-540a.1

SYD website – Corporate > Sustainability > Safety
and security
2023 Sustainability Report – Safety

AirlineNumber of aviation accidents

TR-AF 540a.2
TR-AL-540a.2

Zero aviation accidents

AirlineNumber of governmental enforcement actionsof aviation safety regulations

TR-AL 540a.3

Zero government enforcement actions

TR-AL 310a.1

2023 Sustainability Report - Performance data >People and organisation
For employees that are not covered by a collective
bargaining agreement, the working conditions andterms of employment are stipulated in individual
employment contracts and governed by the Fair
Work Act (National Employment Standards).

TR-AL 520a.1

Zero monetary losses or fines attributable toprofessional integrity or anticompetitive behaviour

Labour practices

AirlinePercentage of active workforce covered
under collective bargaining agreements

Competitive Behaviour
AirlineTotal amount of monetary losses as aresult of legal proceedings associated with
anticompetitive behaviour regulations

Sydney Airport | Sustainability Report 2023

68

Sustainability at Sydney Airport

Responsible business

Other information

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Performance data

69

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70

Sustainability at Sydney Airport

Responsible business

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Planning for the futureSupporting our people and community

Performance data

Other information

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Sydney Airport | Sustainability Report 2023