Zero Waste Europe Factsheet

France’slawforﬁghting

Food Waste Prevention Legislation

foodwaste

LOI n° 2016-138 du 11 février 2016 relative à la lutte contre le gaspillage alimentaire
In February 2016, France adopted a pioneering law on ﬁghting food waste that meant supermarkets were forbidden to destroy
unsold food products and were compelled to donate it instead. This law constituted the starting point of the ﬁght against foodwaste through banning its destruction and facilitating donation. Since the adoption, its scope has been extended further, asdeﬁned through new decrees and laws.

FRANCE
Level: National
Population: 67 million inhabitants
Key characteristic: 18% of the food produced is wasted (EU average is 20%)

FOOD WASTE IN FRANCE
Although France wastes less food than the EU average, food waste happens in a more balanced way across the full foodsupply chain. In the EU, 53% of food waste happens at the consumer level, while in France it only accounts for 33%, which
includes collective catering and restaurants. Another 14% happens at the retail level while the rest is happening during theproduction and process steps.

THE LAW’S OBJECTIVES
The original law adopted in 2016 aims to avoid food waste through incentivising food donation and forbidding the destructionof unsold food products. It focused on the retail sector ﬁrst to limit food waste in the sector as a whole, but also established aframe for food waste prevention through the adoption of a food waste hierarchy. Then, several other provisions were adopted
through decrees and laws strengthening and widening the scope of the 2016 law to catering and food distribution but also
through general objectives to reduce food waste by 50% by 2025.

zerowasteeurope.eu
France’s law for ﬁghting food waste

Zero Waste Europe Factsheet
MAIN MEASURES
Legislative act
LOI n° 2016-138 du 11 février
2016 relative à la lutte
contre le gaspillage
alimentaire

Measures●●●
Ordonnance n° 2019-1069
du 21 octobre 2019 relative à
la lutte contre le gaspillage
alimentaire

●

●
●
●

LOI n° 2020-105 du 10février 2020 relative à lalutte contre le gaspillage età l'économie circulaire●●

Establishment of an anti-food waste action hierarchy in the following order:○Food waste prevention through discounts and awareness raising...
○
Donation to charity organisations○
Animal feed○
Composting or anaerobic digestion○
DisposalObligation to establish a partnership with a charity organisation to donate unsold foodproducts, for supermarkets of more than 400 m2
Food retailers are forbidden to destroy unsold food products still ﬁt for consumption
Extension of the obligation to donate unsold food products to mass catering(preparing more than 3,000 meals a day) and the food industry (whose annualturnover exceeds €50 million)
Extension of the ban of destruction of unsold food products ﬁt for consumption tomass catering and the food industry
Obligation to offer a doggy-bag option for commercial catering
Obligation for some actors in the food industry and mass catering sector to makepublicly available their commitment to reduce food waste
Fines for destroying unsold food products ﬁt for consumption are strengthened: canreach up to 0.1% of the annual turnover against €3,750 previously“Best before” and “Use by” dates will have to be integrated in the product codiﬁcation
to optimise the logistics

LIMITS OF THE LEGISLATION●●The obligation to donate unsold food products does not specify the quantity hence 1% can be sufﬁcient.
Only targets a part of the supply chain and misses pre-retail steps.

LINK TO THE EU LEGISLATION
Directive 2008/98/EC on waste (Waste Framework Directive)

Ban the destruction ofunsold food waste ﬁt forhuman consumption

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France’s law for ﬁghting food waste

Obligation to establish
partnership with charities
for food donation

Obligation for speciﬁcactors to display theircommitment on food waste

For more good practices, check the Zero Waste Europe website or the European Environmental
Bureau’s brief on the economic incentives to reduce waste.
Zero Waste Europe, November 2020
Author: Pierre Condamine
pierre@zerowasteeurope.eu
Editors: Rossella Recupero & Eilidh Robb
rossella@zerowasteeurope.eu
eilidh@zerowasteeurope.eu

Zero Waste Europe is the European network of communities, local leaders,experts, and change agents working towards the elimination of waste in oursociety. We advocate for sustainable systems and the redesign of our relationshipwith resources, to accelerate a just transition towards zero waste for the beneﬁtof people and planet.

Zero Waste Europe gratefully acknowledges ﬁnancial assistance from theEuropean Union. The sole responsibility for the content of this event materials
lies with Zero Waste Europe. It does not necessarily reﬂect the opinion of thefunder mentioned above. The funder cannot be held responsible for any use that
may be made of the information contained therein.

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France’s law for ﬁghting food waste