4 th October 2023

R&D of high-efficiency perovskite module andits application to Japanese residential and building (BIPV) market
towards Carbon Neutral CityKenji Yamamoto
General manager, Photovoltaic & Thin-film Device Laboratories,
KANEKA Corporation

Outline• Kaneka’s R&B activity on PV• Development of high-efficiency perovskite module- Over 20%-conversion efficiency standard and bifacial perovskite mini-modules- Large-area see-through perovskite module (fabrication process and mock-up)- Application of bifacial perovskite mini-module to tandem solar cellOver 30%-conversion efficiency- Cost impact of high-efficiency module on PV system (¥/kW)• Towards Carbon Neutral City
- Residential application (Si PV to Perovskite based PV)- Building integrated PV module (Si solar cell)1Kaneka’s business activity on PV
Solar cells are the leading renewable energy solution. Our photovoltaic powersystems can be integrated into the roof, windows, walls, and automobiles so thatbuilding materials themselves generate electricity.

Roof tile-integrated photovoltaic
module; VISOLA®

See-throughphotovoltaic module

Curved photovoltaic
module for automotives
2

History of Kaneka’s Research and business on PVyearResearch20002020

20102023

Thin-film Si technology
Efficiency:13.4%

Exploring highefficiency

c-Si Heterojunction (HJ) and heterojunction back-contact (HBC) solar cells

1.4 × 1.1 m2

Efficiency: 26.7%(World record-breaking)*1

Perovskite solar cells(single, tandem)

Single junction
Efficienty: 22.2%*2(64cm2)

Roof tile-integrated PVBusinessWindow, Wall & Balcony PV
Thin-film Si technology

To provide total solution using roof-tile
integrated PV and unique technology on
the basis of concept “power generated walland window” to accelerate ZEH and ZEB
ZEH: Zero Energy House, ZEB: Zero Energy Building

Automobile PV
Heterojunction &heterojunction back-contacttechnology*1 M.Green, et al., Prog. Photovolt. Res. Appl. 30, 687-701 (2022).
*2 Certified by JET (2022/10)

3Kaneka’s high-efficiency perovskite module technology (Bifacial)

Bifacial type

Standard typeArea
Isc
2[cm ] [mA]
64

Voc
[V]

FF[%]

Efficiency[%]

95.62 19.34

76.9

22.2

64

Voc
[V]

FF[%]

Efficiency[%]

43.9 38.75 78.3

20.8

Measurement by AIST (Measurement was performed
without rea-side illumination.)

Measurement by JET

8cmAreaIsc2[cm ] [mA]

Light (Front side)

Light (Front side)

Glass substrate

10cm

Front electrodeP layer
Perovskite
N layer
Rear electrode

Light (Rear side)

Advantages of bifacial module
K. Yamamoto et al., Jpn. J. Appl. Phys. 62 SK1021 (2023).

• Tandem application• Annual Energy output +2~3% (expected)
4

Typical fabrication process of large-size perovskite module
Thin-film Si to Perovskite solar cell
Front electrodepatterning

Perovskite coating

Perovskite layer
patterning

Rear electrodepatterning

Thin-film Si

IV measurement

Lamination

Rear electrode

WiringSee-through patterning5

Large area fabrication of perovskite and its application toroof-tile integrated PV module

Mock-up of roof tile-integrated PV module
by perovskite solar cell~120 cm

Cutting
Cutting

Cutting~100 cm

Example of perovskite layer onpractical sized “mother glass”
6Development of see-through module fabrication technology

Photovoltaic performance（I–V curve)

Current (mA)

5040

Before process
30%-current reduction

30

Mock-up of see-through perovskite module30%Opening

Gradation
Opening←80%

30%Opening

←50%
←30%

After process

←20%

20
100~120 cm

See-through patterning process wasdeveloped
usingbifacial
type
perovskite submodules with size of
8 cm × 8 cm (Opening ratio~30%)←10%8 cm × 8 cm size
perovskite submodule1020304040 cm

Voltage (V)Equivalent current retention
with designed opening ratio.

ratio~100 cm7

Application of bifacial mini-module to tandem solar cell
Spectral Irradiation (W/m2/nm)

1.8

Spectrum ofsolar radiation(AM1.5G)

1.6
1.4
1.2

Top Cell
Perovskite

Bottom Cell
Si (HBC)

10.8
0.6
0.40.2Top cell Bottom cell

0300

800

1300
Wavelength (nm)1800

Sun LightTopcellPerovskite
Light

Bottomcell

Si

Voc/unit
Jsc[V][mA/cm2]

FF[%]

Eff.
[%]

Top (1sun)

21.6

1.198

75.5

19.5

Bottom (1sun)

42.0

0.744

83.7

26.2

filtered bottom

18.5

0.727

83.7

11.3
30.8

In-house measurement
8

Cost impact of high-efficiency module (tandem) on PV system (¥/kW)
System cost of residential PV
Module efficiency
Construction, Mounting, PV module cost
Construction

Mounting
PCS

System cost
PV module cost
• Material• Equipment (CAPEX)• Labor etc. (OPEX)

PV module

Source: Procurement Price Calculation Committee, 2023/02/08

Associate with module efficiency,
production volume, and yield* Levelized cost of electricity (LCOE, ¥/kWh) depends on thelife and total energy output of PV system.
9Perovskite based tandem PV
Perovskite submodule mock-up (100 cm × 30 cm)
on crystalline Si (c-Si) PV

Roof tile-integrated type
BIPV module of
Perovskite/c-Si tandem PV (Mock-up)

10Outline• Kaneka’s R&B activity on PV• Development of high-efficiency perovskite module- Over 20%-conversion efficiency standard and bifacial perovskite mini-modules- Large-area see-through perovskite module (fabrication process and mock-up)- Application of bifacial perovskite mini-module to tandem solar cellOver 30%-conversion efficiency- Cost impact of high-efficiency module on PV system (¥/kW)• Towards Carbon Neutral City
- Residential application (Si PV to Perovskite based PV)- Building integrated PV module (Si solar cell)11­ Towards Carbon Neutral City ­Residential application (Si PV to Perovskite based PV)

Perovskite

Si PV(Current Product)

High-efficiency
Tandem12

­ Towards Carbon Neutral City ­Kaneka’s BIPV products (Si PV)

See-through type

Solid type
https://www.kaneka.co.jp/en/topics/news/2022/ennr2210112.html

13­ Towards Carbon Neutral City ­Building integrated PV module (Si PV)

Courtesy of Taisei Corporation14

­ Towards Carbon Neutral City ­Building integrated PV module (Si PV)

Taisei Corporation, Yokohama

大成建設(株) 横浜支店

Solid typeSee-through typeSee-through type
Solid typeTotal

131m2
525m2
~72kW

Example 1: Solid type to spandrel, See-through type to window of office
Courtesy of Taisei Corporation15