医学部進学予備校メビオ 医学部専門予備校 YMS 英進館メビオ

解答速報

医学部専門予備校

福岡校

東海大学医学部

英語

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2023年 2月3日実施

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(1) యෆࡢ⣽⬊ࡣ༙ศ௨ୖࡀࣄࢺࡢ⣽⬊࡛ࡣ࡞ࡃ㸪⣽⳦ࡸ௚ࡢᚤ⏕≀࠿ࡽ࡞ࡿࠋࡇ
࠺ࡋࡓᚤ⏕≀ࡣ㌟య୰࡟ぢࡽࢀࡿࡀ㸪ࡶࡗࡥࡽ኱⭠࡟㞟୰ࡋ࡚࠸ࡿࠋ㸵(2) ࡑࢀࡺ࠼㸪ࡇ࠺ࡋࡓ⏕≀ࡢᣢࡘ≉ᚩࢆデ᩿ࡸ἞⒪࡟ྲྀࡾධࢀࡿࡇ࡜࡛㸪་⒪ࡢ
ࡉࡽ࡞ࡿⓎᒎࡀྍ⬟࡜࡞ࡾ㸪೺ᗣᑑ࿨ࢆᘏࡤࡍຓࡅ࡜࡞ࡿ࠿ࡶࡋࢀ࡞࠸ࠋ

(1)

Apart from philosophical consideration, it has become clear that there exist manyanimals besides humans that can laugh.

㸶(2)In playing a fight, these animals make noises to signal that they have no intention to
do an injury.

〈〈 模試・講座の ご案 内 〉〉

受験相談会・後期模試・攻略講座を実施します※詳細は最終面をご確 認 く だ さ いҫָ෨਒ָ༩ඍߏϟϑΨ㸯
ၥ1ࠕ➨ 1 ẁⴠ࡟ࡼࢀࡤ㸪ṇࡋ࠸ࡢࡣ࡝ࡢᩥ࠿ࠖṇゎࡣ㸪࢘ࠕ⪁໬ࢆ἞⒪ྍ⬟࡞⑓Ẽࡔ࡜⪃࠼ጞࡵ࡚࠸ࡿ⛉Ꮫ⪅ࡶ࠸ࡿࠖࠋ➨ 1 ẁⴠ᭱⤊ᩥ࡟ࠕ㏆ᖺ㸪ࡑࡢ᥈ồࡣ㸪⪁໬࡜࠸࠺ࡢࡣே⏕ࡢᚲ↛ⓗ࡞୍㒊ศ࡞࡝࡛ࡣ࡞ࡃ㸪⑓Ẽࡢࡼ࠺࡟἞⒪ྍ⬟࡛㸪ࡦࡻࡗ࡜ࡍࡿ࡜᰿἞ࡍࡽྍ⬟࡞ࡶࡢ࠿ࡶࡋࢀ࡞࠸࡜୺ᙇࡍࡿ⛉Ꮫ⪅࡟ࡼࡗ࡚⥆ࡅࡽࢀ࡚ࡁࡓࠖ࡜࠶ࡿࠋၥ2ࠕ➨ 2 ẁⴠ࠿ࡽ᥎ࡉࢀࡿࡶࡢ࡝ࢀ࠿ࠖṇゎࡣ㸪࢘ࠕ࣋ࢽࢡࣛࢤࡣⱝ㏉ࡿࡇ࡜ࡀ࡛ࡁࡿࠖ
ࠋ➨ 2 ẁⴠ➨ 3 ᩥ࡟ࠕຍ࠼࡚㸪࣋ࢽࢡࣛࢤࡢࡼ࠺
࡞≉ᐃࡢᾏ⏕⏕≀ࡣ㸪Ⓨ⏕ࡢึᮇẁ㝵࡟ᡠࡿ⬟ຊࢆᣢࡕ㸪ࡦࡻࡗ࡜ࡋࡓࡽࡑࢀࢆఱᅇ࡛ࡶ⾜࠼ࡿࡢ࠿ࡶࡋࢀ࡞࠸࡜࠸࠺ࡇ࡜࡛▱ࡽࢀ࡚࠸ࡿࠖ࡜࠶ࡿࠋၥ3ࠕ➨ 3 ẁⴠ࡟ࡼࢀࡤ㸪⣽⬊ኚᛶ࡟㛵ࡋ࡚ṇࡋ࠸ࡢࡣ࡝ࡢᩥ࠿ࠖṇゎࡣ㸪࢔ࠕࡑࡢࡏ࠸࡛㸪㦵ࡀࡶࢁࡃ࡞ࡾ㸪➽⫗ࡀ⾶࠼㸪≀ᛀࢀࡀࡦ࡝ࡃ࡞ࡿࠖࠋ➨ 3 ẁⴠ➨ 2 ᩥ࡟ࠕ⣽⬊ኚᛶࡢཎᅉࡣࢃ࠿ࡗ࡚࠸࡞࠸ࡀ㸪୍ࡘࡣࡗࡁࡾࡋ࡚࠸ࡿࡢࡣ㸪ࡑࢀࡀࡍ࡭࡚ࡢே࡟ྠࡌ࣮࣌ࢫ࡛㉳ࡇࡿࢃࡅ࡛ࡣ࡞࠸࡜࠸࠺ࡇ࡜ࡔࠖ࡜࠶ࡿࡀ㸪ࡑࡢ┤๓ࡢྠẁⴠ➨ 1 ᩥ࡟ࠕ㦵ࡀࡶࢁࡃ࡞
ࡾ㸪➽⫗ࡀ⾶࠼㸪≀ᛀࢀࡀࡦ࡝ࡃ࡞ࡿ࡜࠸ࡗࡓ㸪⪁໬࡜࿧ࡤࢀࡿࡶࡢࡢ඙ೃࡀ⌧ࢀࡿࡢࡣ㸪యෆࡢ⣽⬊ࡀศ⿣࣭෌⏕ࡋ࡞ࡃ࡞ࡗࡓ࡜ࡁ࡛࠶ࡿࠖ࡜࠶ࡾ㸪ࡇࡇ࡛ࡢࠕ⣽⬊ኚᛶࠖࡀࠕయෆࡢ⣽⬊ࡀศ⿣࣭෌⏕ࡋ࡞ࡃ࡞ࡗࡓࠖࡇ࡜ࢆᣦࡍࡢࡔ࡜᥎࡛ࡁࡿࠋࡑࡢࡓࡵ㸪➨ 3 ẁⴠ➨ 1 ᩥࡀ᰿ᣐ࡜࡞ࡾ㸪⟅࠼ࡣ࢔࡟Ỵࡲࡿࠋၥ4ࠕ➨ 3 ẁⴠෆࡢ[1]࡟ࡶࡗ࡜ࡶࡼࡃ⨨ࡁ᥮ࢃࡿࡶࡢࡣ௨ୗࡢ࡝ࢀ࠿ࠖṇゎࡣ㸪࢖ࠕྠᵝ࡟ࠖࠋ๓ᚋࡢ⬦⤡ࢆ☜ㄆࡍࡿࠋ➨ 3 ẁⴠ➨ 2 ᩥ࡛⣽⬊ኚᛶࡢ㉳ࡇࡿ࣮࣌ࢫࡀே࡟
ࡼࡗ࡚␗࡞ࡿ᪨ࡀ㏙࡭ࡽࢀ࡚࠾ࡾ㸪⥆ࡃྠẁⴠ➨ 3 ᩥ࡛ࡣࡑࡢලయ౛ࡀᣲࡆࡽࢀ࡚࠸ࡿࠋࡑࡢ࠾࠾
ࡼࡑࡢព࿡ࡣࠕࡓ࡜࠼ࡤ㸪࠶ࡿேࡀ㛗᫬㛫┤ᑕ᪥ගࢆᾎࡧ࡚࠸ࡓࡽ㸪ኴ㝧࡟᭚ࡉࢀ࡚࠸ࡿ᫬㛫ࡀࡼࡾ▷࠸ே࡟ẚ࡭࡚㸪⓶⭵⣽⬊ࡣࡼࡾ᪩࠸࣮࣌ࢫ࡛⪁໬ࡋ࡚ࡋࡲ࠺࡛ࠖ࠶ࡿࠋ୍᪉㸪[ẁⴠ➨ 4 ᩥ࡟ࡣࠕ[11]ࢆྵࡴྠ]㸪ᗙࡾࡗࡥ࡞ࡋࡢ⏕άࢆࡋ࡚ࡁࡓேࠎࡣ㸪ࡶࡗ࡜యࢆື࠿ࡋ࡚ࡁࡓேࠎࡼࡾࡶ㸪៏ᛶ③ࡸ➽ຊపୗࡀ㉳ࡇࡾࡸࡍ࠸ࠖ࡜࠶ࡾ㸪ࡇࡕࡽࡶྠᵝࡢලయ౛ࡀ㏙࡭ࡽࢀ࡚࠸ࡿࡢ࡛㸪⟅࠼ࡣ࢖࡟Ỵࡲࡿࠋၥ5ࠕ➨ 3 ẁⴠ࡛㸪(A)ᗙࡾࡗࡥ࡞ࡋࡢேࡣ࡞ே࡛࠶ࡿྍ⬟ᛶࡀ᭱ࡶ㧗࠸ࠖṇゎࡣ㸪࢖ࠕ࠶ࡲࡾືࡁᅇࡽ࡞࠸ࠖࠋୗ⥺㒊(A)ࢆྵࡴ➨ 3 ẁⴠ➨ 4 ᩥࡢ࠾࠾ࡼࡑࡢព࿡ࡣ㸪ࠕྠᵝ࡟㸪ᗙࡾࡗࡥ࡞ࡋࡢ⏕άࢆࡋ࡚ࡁࡓேࠎࡣ㸪ࡶࡗ࡜యࢆື࠿ࡋ࡚ࡁࡓேࠎࡼࡾࡶ㸪៏ᛶ③ࡸ➽ຊపୗࡀ㉳ࡇࡾࡸࡍ࠸࡛ࠖ࠶ࡿࠋࠕࡶࡗ࡜యࢆື࠿ࡋ࡚ࡁࡓேࠎࠖ࡜ᑐẚࡉࢀ࡚࠸ࡿࡇ࡜࠿ࡽ㸪⟅࠼ࡣ࢖࡜Ỵࡲࡿࠋ
ၥ6ࠕ➨ 4 ẁⴠ࡟ࡼࢀࡤ㸪senolytics ࡣࠖṇゎࡣ㸪࢘ࠕ㌟యࡀ೺ᗣ࡞⣽⬊ࡣಖࡕࡘࡘ㸪ྂࡃ࡞ࡗࡓ⣽⬊ࢆྲྀࡾ㝖ࡃࡇ࡜ࢆᘬࡁ㉳ࡇࡍࠖࠋsenolytics ࡟ࡘ࠸࡚ࡣ➨ 4 ẁⴠ➨ 4 ᩥ࡟ゝཬࡀ࠶ࡾ㸪ࡑࢀࡣࠕච␿⣔ࡀ⪁໬ࡋࡓ⣽⬊ࢆᶆⓗ࡜ࡋ㸪ࡑࢀࢆ㝖ࡅࡤ೺඲࡞⤌⧊࠿ࡽ㑅ᢥⓗ࡟⪁໬⣽⬊ࢆྲྀࡾ㝖ࡃࡇ࡜ࢆᘬࡁ㉳ࡇࡍ⸆๣࡛ࠖ࠶ࡿࡇ࡜ࡀࢃ࠿ࡿࠋ
ၥ7ࠕ➨ 4 ẁⴠ࡟ࡼࢀࡤ㸪 “Both of these” ࡜ࡣࢆᣦࡍࠖṇゎࡣ㸪࢔ࠕmTOR inhibitor and senolyticsࠖࠋ➨ 4 ẁⴠ➨ 1 ᩥ࡛ࠕ࠸ࡃࡘ࠿ࡢ἞⒪ἲࡀ⌧ᅾ⮫ᗋヨ㦂࡟࠿ࡅࡽࢀ࡚࠸ࡿࠖ࡜㏙࡭ࡽࢀ㸪⥆ࡃྠẁⴠ➨ 2 ᩥ࡛⤂௓ࡉࢀ࡚࠸ࡿࡢࡀ㸪 mTOR inhibitor ࡛࠶ࡿࠋࡑࡢㄝ᫂ࡀ࠶ࡗࡓᚋ࡟ྠẁⴠ➨ 4 ᩥ࡛ࠕ௚ࡢᐇ㦂ẁ㝵࡟࠶ࡿ἞⒪ἲࡣ senolytics ࡟ὀ┠ࡋࡓࡶࡢ࡛࠶ࡾ㸪㹼ࠖ࡜㏙࡭ࡽࢀ࡚࠸ࡿࠋୗ⥺㒊ࢆྵࡴྠẁⴠ➨ 5 ᩥ࡛㸪ࡑࢀࡽࢆࡲ࡜ࡵ࡚ “Both ofthese” ࡜㏙࡭ࡽࢀ࡚࠸ࡿࡇ࡜ࡀ☜ㄆ࡛ࡁࡿࠋҫָ෨਒ָ༩ඍߏϟϑΨ

ၥ8ࠕ➨ 5 ẁⴠࡢ୺᪨ࡣ㸪࡛࠶ࡿࠖṇゎࡣ㸪࢚ࠕᑑ࿨ࡢቑ኱ࡣ㸪ฟ⏕⋡ࡢቑຍ࡜┦ࡲࡗ࡚㸪ேཱྀ⇿Ⓨࢆ㉳ࡇࡍྍ⬟ᛶࡀ࠶ࡿࠖࠋ➨ 5 ẁⴠ࡟࠾ࡅࡿㄽ⌮ᒎ㛤ࢆ☜ㄆࡍࡿࠋྠẁⴠ➨ 1 ᩥ࡟࠾࠸࡚㸪⪁໬ࢆ㣗࠸Ṇࡵࡿ἞⒪ࡀ⌧ᐇ࡜࡞ࡿࡇ࡜࡛㸪ࠕᖹᆒᑑ࿨ࡀேⅭⓗ࡟ᣑᙇࡉࢀࡿ࡜㸪᪥ᮏࡸࢩ࣏࣮ࣥ࢞ࣝࡢࡼ࠺࡞ඛ㐍ᅜࡀ⌧ᅾ┤㠃ࡋ࡚࠸ࡿၥ㢟࡟ⱞࡋࡴᅜࠎࡀቑ࠼ࡿࡢ࡛ࡣ࡞࠸࠿࡜ᠱᛕࡍࡿேࡶ࠸ࡿࠖࡇ࡜ࡀ㏙࡭ࡽࢀࡿࠋྠẁⴠ➨ 2 ᩥ࡛ࡣ㸪ࡑࡢࠕၥ㢟ࠖࡀලయⓗ࡟ఱࢆᣦࡍࡢ࠿ࡀ㏙࡭ࡽࢀ࡚࠸ࡿࠋ
ࠕ㏥⫋ᖺ㱋ࢆ㐣ࡂࡓᚋࡶ㛗ࡃ⏕ࡁ⥆ࡅࡿேࡀከ࠸ࡓࡵ㸪ᙼࡽࢆᨭ࠼ࡿࡢ࡟༑ศ࡞ᩘࡢⱝ⪅ࡀ࠸࡞࠸ࠖ࡜࠸࠺ၥ㢟࡛࠶ࡿࠋྠẁⴠ➨ 3 ᩥ࡛ࡣ㸪ࡑࡢࡼ࠺࡞஦ែ࡟ഛ࠼ࡿࡓࡵࡢ᪋⟇ࡀ⤂௓ࡉࢀ࡚࠸ࡿࠋࠕேࠎ࡟ࡶࡗ࡜Ꮚ࡝ࡶࢆࡶ࠺ࡅࡿࡼ࠺࡟ಁࡍࡇ࡜࡛ၥ㢟ࢆゎỴࡋࡼ࠺࡜ࡋ࡚࠸ࡿࠖࠋࡑࡋ࡚ྠẁⴠ➨ 4 ᩥ࡛ࡣ㸪ࡑࡢෆᐜࢆᢎࡅࡿ࠿ࡓ
ࡕ࡛㸪ࠕࡶࡋࡇࡢഴྥࡀᗈࡲࡿ࡞ࡽ㸪ࡍ࡛࡟ᣢ⥆୙ྍ⬟࡛࠶ࡿ࡜ከࡃࡢேࡀ⪃࠼࡚࠸ࡿୡ⏺ேཱྀࡣ㸪ࡉࡽ࡟ቑຍࡢ㏿ᗘࢆ㏿ࡵࡿྍ⬟ᛶࡀ࠶ࡿࠖ࡜㏙࡭ࡽࢀ࡚࠸ࡿࠋࡲ࡜ࡵࡿ࡜㸪ձ⪁໬ࢆ㣗࠸ṆࡵࡿЍղᖹᆒᑑ࿨ࡀᣑᙇࡋ⪁ᖺேཱྀࡢ༨ࡵࡿ๭ྜࡀ㧗ࡲࡿЍճⱝᖺேཱྀࡀ♫఍ࢆᨭ࠼ࡿࡇ࡜ࡀ㞴ࡋࡃ࡞ࡿЍմࡑࢀࡺ࠼ၥ㢟ࢆゎỴࡍࡿ࡟ࡣฟ⏕⋡ࢆ㧗ࡵࡿᚲせࡀ⏕ࡌࡿЍյⱝᖺேཱྀࡶቑຍࡋ࡚ࡉࡽ࡟ୡ⏺ேཱྀࡢᣑ኱ࡀ㐍ࡴࡇࡢෆᐜࢆࡶࡗ࡜ࡶࡼࡃࡲ࡜ࡵࡓࡶࡢࢆ㑅࡭ࡤࡼ࠸ࠋ࢔ࡣ᪥ᮏࡸࢩ࣏࣮ࣥ࢞ࣝࡢ≧ἣࢆㄝ᫂ࡋࡓ࡟㐣ࡂࡎ㸪୺᪨࡜ࡣゝ࠼࡞࠸㸦average age ࡶఱࢆᣦࡍࡢ࠿୙᫂㸧ࠋ࢖ࡣࠕୡ⏺ேཱྀࡀᣢ⥆ྍ⬟࡛࠶ࡿ࡟ࡣከࡍࡂࡿ࡜࠸࠺ேࡶ࠸ࡿࠖ࡜㏙࡭࡚࠸ࡿࡀ㸪ࡇࢀࡣ➨ 4 ᩥࡢୡ⏺ேཱྀ࡟௜㝶ࡋ࡚㏙࡭ࡽࢀࡓෆᐜ࡛࠶ࡾ㸪ࡸࡣࡾ㊃᪨࡜ࡣゝ࠼࡞࠸ࠋ࢘ࡣࠕ㏥⫋ᚋ࡟௨๓ࡼࡾࡶ㛗⏕ࡁࡋ࡚࠸ࡿࠖ࡜㏙࡭࡚࠸ࡿࡀ㸪ࡇࢀࡣ୍㒊ࡢඛ㐍ᅜࡢ≧ἣ࡛࠶ࡾ㸪ࡇࡢၥ㢟ࢆᢪ࠼ࡿᅜࡀቑ࠼ࡿ࡜࠸࠺ၥ㢟ࡢ๓ᥦ࡛ࡋ࠿࡞࠸ࠋ௨ୖ࠿ࡽ㸪ṇゎ࡜ࡋ࡚㸪࢚ࢆ㑅ᢥࡍ࡭ࡁࡇ࡜ࡀࢃ࠿ࡿࠋ
ၥ 9 ࠕ⪁໬ࢆ㣗࠸Ṇࡵࡿࡇ࡜࡟㛵ࡍࡿ➹⪅ࡢ⤖ㄽࢆ᭱ࡶࡼࡃࡲ࡜ࡵ࡚࠸ࡿࡢࡣḟࡢ࡝ࡢᩥ࠿ࠖṇゎࡣ㸪࢚ࠕࡑࢀࡣᐇ⌧࡛ࡁࡿ࠿࡝࠺࠿ࢃ࠿ࡽ࡞࠸ࡀ㸪ከࡃࡢேࡣࡑࢀࢆ㨩ຊⓗ࡞┠ᶆ࡜ឤࡌ࡚࠸ࡿࠖࠋタၥ࡛ၥࢃࢀ࡚࠸ࡿ⤖ㄽࡣ᭱⤊ẁⴠ࡟☜ㄆ࡛ࡁࡿࠋྠẁⴠ➨ 1 ᩥ࡛ࡣ㸪⌧ᐇୡ⏺࡟࠾ࡅࡿ㈼⪅ࡢ▼㸪ࡘࡲࡾ⪁໬ࢆ㣗࠸Ṇࡵࡿ἞⒪ἲࡣࠕ࡞࠿࡞࠿ぢࡘࡅࡽࢀࡑ࠺࡟࡞ࡃ㸪ࡓ࡜࠼ぢࡘࡅࡽࢀࡓ࡜ࡋ࡚ࡶ㸪ண᝿እࡢ㸪ᗈ⠊ᅖ࡟ཬࡪᝏᙳ㡪ࢆࡶࡓࡽࡍྍ⬟ᛶࡀ࠶ࡿࠖ࡜㏙࡭ࡽࢀ㸪ࡇࡇࡔࡅᤊ࠼ࡿ࡜➹⪅ࡣྰᐃⓗ࡞ぢゎࢆᢪ࠸࡚࠸ࡿࡼ࠺࡟ࡶぢ࠼ࡿࠋࡋ࠿ࡋ㸪➨ 2 ᩥ࡛ࡣ Still ࢆᩥ㢌࡟⨨ࡁ㸪ࠕࡋ࠿ࡋࡑࢀ࡛ࡶ㸪ࡓࡃࡉࢇࡢேࠎࡀ㸪Ọ⥆ⓗ࡟ⱝࡉࢆಖࡘ⫗యࢆࡶࡕࡘࡘ㸪ᖺࢆ㔜ࡡ࡚㈼ࡉ࡟☻ࡁࢆ࠿ࡅࡓ㢌⬻ࢆࡶࡘࡇ࡜ࡀ࡛ࡁࡿ࡜࠸࠺ྍ⬟ᛶ࡟ᢠ࠸ࡀࡓ࠸㨩ຊࢆឤࡌ࡚࠾ࡾ㸪Ọ㐲ࡢⱝࡉࡢ᥈✲ࡣ௒᪥ࡲ࡛⥆࠸࡚࠸ࡿࠖ࡜㏙࡭㸪⪁໬ࢆ㣗࠸Ṇࡵࡿࡇ࡜࡬ࡢ᥈✲ࡀே㢮ࢆ㨩஢ࡋ࡚ࡸࡲ࡞࠸ࢸ࣮࣐࡛࠶ࡿ㸪࡜࠸࠺⤖ㄽ࡟⮳ࡿࠋࡇࢀࡽࢆࡲ࡜ࡵࡓࡶࡢࡀ㸪࢚࡛࠶ࡿࠋ
ၥ 10 ࠕᮏᩥࡢࢱ࢖ࢺࣝ࡜ࡋ࡚᭱ࡶ㐺ษ࡞ࡶࡢࡣ࡝ࢀ࠿ࠖṇゎࡣ㸪࢔ࠕேࡣỌ㐲࡟⏕ࡁࡿࡇ࡜ࡀ࡛ࡁࡿࡢ࠿ࠖࠋྛ㑅ᢥ⫥ࢆ᳨ウࡋ࡚㸪඲యࡢࡲ࡜ࡵ࡜ゝ࠼ࡿࡶࡢࡣ㑅ᢥࡍࡿࠋ࢖ࡣࠕ⣽⬊ኚᛶࡢ㐣⛬ࠖ㸪࢘ࡣࠕேࡢ⏕ᾭࡣ㛗ࡍࡂࡿࡢ࠿ࠖ㸪࢚ࡣࠕỌ㐲ࡢⱝࡉ࡜࠸࠺ྂ௦ࡢఏㄝࠖࠋ࢖ࡣࠕ⣽⬊ኚᛶࠖ㸪࢚ࡣࠕྂ௦ࠖ࡟ヰࡀ㝈ᐃࡉࢀࡿࡢ࡛࠾࠿ࡋ࠸ࠋ࢘ࡣᑑ࿨ࡢቑ኱࡟ゝཬࡣࡋ࡚࠸ࡿࡶࡢࡢ㸪 too ࢆ⏝࠸ࡿࡇ࡜࡛㸪ྰᐃⓗ࡞ព࿡ࡀ඲㠃࡟ฟ࡚ࡋࡲ࠺ࠋࡲࡓ⌧ᅾᙧࢆ⏝࠸ࡿࡇ࡜࡛㸪⌧≧࡟ᑐࡍࡿၥ㢟ᥦ㉳࡜ឤࡌࡽࢀࡿࠋ௨ୖ࠿ࡽṇゎ࡜ࡋ࡚㸪࢔ࢆ㑅ᢥࡍ࡭ࡁࡇ࡜ࡀࢃ࠿ࡿࠋ
ၥ 11 ࠕᮏᩥ࡟ᚑࡗ࡚㸪㑅ᢥ⫥ࡢᩥࡀṇࡋࡅࢀࡤ “T” ࢆ㸪ㄗࡾ࡞ࡽࡤ “F” ࢆ࣐࣮ࢡࡋ࡞ࡉ࠸ࠖ
1. ࠕ࣏ࣥࢭ࣭ࢹ࣭ࣞ࢜ࣥࡣࡶ࡜ࡶ࡜໭࢔࣓ࣜ࢝ฟ㌟ࡔࡗࡓࠖ
ṇゎࡣ Fࠋࣞ࢜ࣥ࡟ࡘ࠸࡚ࡣ➨ 1 ẁⴠ➨ 3 ᩥ࡟ゝཬࡀ࠶ࡾ㸪ࡑࢀ࡟ࡼࡿ࡜ࣞ࢜ࣥࡣ㸪16 ୡ⣖࡟⌧ᅾࡢࣇࣟࣜࢲ࡬࡜⯟ᾏࡋࡓࢫ࣌࢖ࣥே࡛࠶ࡿ࡜ࢃ࠿ࡿࠋࡼࡗ࡚㸪ࡇࢀࡣㄗࡾ࡛࠶ࡿࠋ
2. ࠕ⌧ᅾࡢே㢮᭱㛗ᑑࡢグ㘓ࡣ 20 ୡ⣖࡟ᡴࡕ❧࡚ࡽࢀࡓࠖ
ṇゎࡣ Tࠋே㢮᭱㛗ᑑグ㘓࡟ࡘ࠸࡚ࡣ➨ 2 ẁⴠ᭱⤊ᩥ࡟ゝཬࡀ࠶ࡾ㸪ࡑࡢグ㘓ಖᣢ⪅ࡀࠕࢪࣕࣥ

ҫָ෨਒ָ༩ඍߏϟϑΨࢾ࣭࣐࢝ࣝࣥ(1875-1997)ࠖ࡜࠶ࡿࡇ࡜࠿ࡽ㸪ࡇࢀࡣṇࡋ࠸ࠋ
3. ࠕmTOR inhibitor ࡣ᭱ึ࢔ࣝࢶࣁ࢖࣐࣮⑓ࡢࡼ࠺࡞⑓Ẽࢆ἞⒪ࡍࡿࡓࡵ࡟㛤Ⓨࡉࢀࡓࠖṇゎࡣ Fࠋ mTOR inhibitor ࡟ࡘ࠸࡚ࡢㄝ᫂ࡣ➨ 4 ẁⴠ➨ 3 ᩥ࡟ゝཬࡀ࠶ࡾ㸪ࡑࢀࡣࠕࡶ࡜ࡶ࡜
⢾ᒀ⑓ࢆ἞⒪ࡍࡿࡓࡵ࡟㛤Ⓨࡉࢀࡓࠖࡇ࡜ࡀࢃ࠿ࡿࠋࡼࡗ࡚㸪ࡇࢀࡣㄗࡾ࡛࠶ࡿࠋ
4. ࠕࢩ࣏࣮ࣥ࢞ࣝᨻᗓࡣேࠎ࡟Ꮚ࡝ࡶࢆࡶ࠺ࡅࡿᩘࢆῶࡽࡍࡼ࠺࡟ಁࡋ࡚࠸ࡿࠖṇゎࡣ Fࠋࢩ࣏࣮ࣥ࢞ࣝᨻᗓࡢ᪋⟇࡟ࡘ࠸࡚ࡣ➨ 5 ẁⴠ➨ 3 ᩥ࡟ゝཬࡀ࠶ࡾ㸪ࢩ࣏࣮ࣥ࢞ࣝᨻᗓ࡞࡝୍㒊ࡢᨻᗓࡣࠕேࠎ࡟ࡶࡗ࡜Ꮚ࡝ࡶࢆࡶ࠺ࡅࡿࡼ࠺࡟ಁࡍࡇ࡜࡛ၥ㢟ࢆゎỴࡋࡼ࠺࡜ࡋ࡚࠸ࡿࠖࡇ࡜ࡀࢃ࠿ࡿࠋࡼࡗ࡚㸪ࡇࢀࡣㄗࡾ࡛࠶ࡿࠋ
㸰1.

࢖felt pressured to eat<pressure O to do ~> ࠕ㹼ࡍࡿࡼ࠺ O ࡟ࣉࣞࢵࢩ࣮ࣕࢆ୚࠼ࡿࠖ<feel pressured to do ~> ࠕ㹼ࡋ࡞ࡅࢀࡤ࡜ࣉࣞࢵࢩ࣮ࣕࢆឤࡌࡿࠖ
“I wasn’t hungry, but because Molly had gone to the trouble of baking cookies, I felt pressured to eatthem.”ࠕ࠾⭡ࡣ✵࠸࡚࠸࡞࠿ࡗࡓࡀ㸪࣮ࣔࣜࡀࢃࡊࢃࡊࢡࢵ࣮࢟ࢆ↝࠸࡚ࡃࢀࡓࡢ࡛㸪㣗࡭࡞ࡅࢀࡤ
࡜ࣉࣞࢵࢩ࣮ࣕࢆឤࡌࡓࠖ

2.

࢘what
๓⨨モ from ࡢ┤ᚋ࡛࠶ࡿࡓࡵ㸪ඛ⾜モࢆྵࡴ㛵ಀ௦ྡモ what ࢆ⏝࠸ࡿࠋthe goals that ࡢゝ࠸᥮࠼࡛࠶ࡿࠋ they ࡀ David’s goals ࡛࠶ࡿࡇ࡜ࢆぢᢤࡅࡿ࠿ࡀ࣏࢖ࣥࢺࠋ
“After getting married and having two children. David’s goals were quite different from what they had
been when he was single.”ࠕ⤖፧ࡋ࡚஧ேࡢᏊ࡝ࡶࢆࡶ࠺ࡅࡓᚋ㸪ࢹ࢕ࣦ࢕ࢵࢻࡢ┠ᶆࡣ㸪⊂㌟ࡔࡗࡓ㡭࡜ࡣ࠿࡞ࡾ␗࡞ࡗ࡚࠸ࡓࠖ

3.

࢚

with which to eat<๓⨨モ 㛵ಀ௦ྡモ to do> ࡢᙧ࡜࡞ࡿࠋ
“From next week, we will have to carry utensils with which to eat our lunch in the company cafeteria.”ࠕ᮶㐌࠿ࡽ㸪఍♫ࡢ㣗ᇽ࡛᫨㣗ࢆ㣗࡭ࡿ㝿࡟౑࠺㐨ලࢆᦠᖏࡋ࡞ࡅࢀࡤ࡞ࡽ࡞࠸ࠖ

4.

࢚

is growing<the number of 」ᩘྡモ> ࠕ㹼ࡢᩘࠖࡣ༢ᩘᢅ࠸㸪<a number of 」ᩘྡモ> ࠕࡓࡃࡉࢇࡢ㹼ࠖࡣ」ᩘᢅ࠸࡛࠶ࡿࠋ
“The number of people who want to study or work in foreign countries is growing.”ࠕᾏእ࡛ຮᙉࡸ௙஦ࢆࡋࡓ࠸࡜࠸࠺ேࡀቑ࠼࡚࠸ࡿࠖ5.

࢚

had she fallenຓືモࢆྵࡴᩥ࡛ྰᐃࡢಽ⨨ࡀ㉳ࡇࡿሙྜ㸪<ྰᐃㄒ ຓືモ S V>ࡢㄒ㡰࡜࡞ࡿࠋ“Hardly had she fallen asleep when the telephone in the living room began to ring.”ࠕᙼዪࡀ╀ࡾ࡟ࡘࡃ࡜ࡍࡄ㸪ᒃ㛫ࡢ㟁ヰࡀ㬆ࡾጞࡵࡓࠖ

6.

࢘ Thatgiven ࡟୙ᐃෙモ a ࡀࡘ࠸࡚࠸ࡿࡓࡵ㸪ྡモࠕᙜ↛ࡢࡇ࡜㸪᪤▱ࡢ஦ᐇ࡛ࠖ࠶ࡿࡇ࡜࡟Ẽ࡙ࡅࡿ࠿ࡀ࣏࢖ࣥࢺࠋ୺ㄒࢆྡモ⠇࡟ࡍࡿࡓࡵ㸪᥋⥆モ࡛࠶ࡿ that ࢆᩥ㢌࡟⏝࠸ࡿࠋ
“That the tech industry will be developing new ways to implant computer chips is a given.”ࠕࢸࢡࣀࣟࢪ࣮ᴗ⏺ࡀࢥࣥࣆ࣮ࣗࢱ࣮ࢳࢵࣉࢆᇙࡵ㎸ࡴ᪂ࡋ࠸᪉ἲࢆ㛤Ⓨࡍࡿࡇ࡜ࡣᙜ↛ࡢࡇ
࡜ࡔࠖ

7.

࢔

submitted
the final reports ࡣ submit ࡢ O ࡛࠶ࡿࡓࡵ㸪<want O done>ࠕO ࢆ㹼ࡋ࡚ࡶࡽ࠸ࡓ࠸ࠖ࡜ࡍࡿࠋ
“Professor Pickering wants the final reports submitted by the deadline so he can return them during thesemester.”ҫָ෨਒ָ༩ඍߏϟϑΨࠕࣆ࢝ࣜࣥࢢᩍᤵࡣ㸪Ꮫᮇ୰࡟㏉༷࡛ࡁࡿࡼ࠺㸪⥾ษࡲ࡛࡟᭱⤊ㄽᩥࢆᥦฟࡋ࡚࡯ࡋ࠸࡜⪃࠼࡚࠸ࡿࠖ8.

࢘or㑅ᢥ⫥ࡢ୰࡛㸪“denouement” ࡜ “the outcome of the dramatic events” ࡢ 2 ࡘࡢྡモྃࢆ⧅ࡄࡇ࡜ࡀ
࡛ࡁࡿࡢࡣ or ࡋ࠿࡞࠸ࠋ
“The success of any TV series’ denouement, or the outcome of the dramatic events, is determined partlyby whether the main characters’ goals have been met by the final scene.”ࠕఱ࡛࠶ࢀࢩ࣮ࣜࢬࢻ࣐ࣛࡢ⤊ᒁ㸪ࡍ࡞ࢃࡕ㸪๻ⓗ࡞ฟ᮶஦ࡢ⤖ᮎࡢࡇ࡜ࡔࡀ㸪ࡑࡢᡂຌࡣ㸪᭱⤊ࢩ࣮࡛ࣥ୺ேබࡢ┠ᶆࡀ㐩ᡂࡉࢀࡓ࠿࡝࠺࠿࡟ࡼࡗ࡚࠶ࡿ⛬ᗘỴࡲࡿࠖ

9.

࢘

see
recommend, suggest, demand ࡜࠸ࡗࡓせồ࣭࿨௧࣭୺ᙇ࣭ᥦ᱌࡞࡝ࡢືモ࡛ࡣ㸪<recommend thatS’ (should) do ~> ࡜࡞ࡿࡓࡵ㸪S’ࡀ she ࡛ࡶືモࡢཎᙧ see ࡜࡞ࡿࠋ“I recommended that she see Professor Kay before starting to write her graduation thesis.”ࠕ⚾ࡣ༞ᴗㄽᩥࢆ᭩ࡁጞࡵࡿ๓࡟㸪ࢣ࢖ᩍᤵ࡟఍࠺ࡇ࡜ࢆᙼዪ࡟່ࡵࡓࠖ

10. ࢚electricity
electrically ࡣ ࠕ㟁Ẽ࡛ࠖ ࡛๪モ㸪 electrify ࡣࠕᖏ㟁ࡉࡏࡿ࡛ࠖືモ㸪electrical ࡣ ࠕ㟁Ẽࢆ⏝࠸ࡓࠖ ࡛ᙧᐜモ࡛࠶ࡾ㸪๓⨨モ on ࡢ┠ⓗㄒ࡟࡛ࡁࡿࡢࡣྡモ࡛࠶ࡿ electricity ࠕ㟁Ẽࠖࡢࡳ࡛࠶ࡿࠋ“Thanks to a governmental campaign, people are more conscious of the need to save on electricity
especially in the summer and the winter.”ࠕᨻᗓࡢ࣮࢟ࣕࣥ࣌ࣥ࡟ࡼࡾ㸪ேࠎࡣ㸪≉࡟ኟ࡜෤㸪⠇㟁ࢆࡍࡿᚲせࢆࡼࡾព㆑ࡍࡿࡼ࠺࡟࡞ࡗ࡚࠸ࡿࠖ

㸱
1.

࢘

incessantࠕ⤯࠼㛫࡞࠸ࠖ

= endless2.

࢔

fly into a temperࠕ⃭ᛣࡍࡿࠖ

= get angry

3.

࢘

amass

ࠕ㹼ࢆ኱㔞࡟㞟ࡵࡿࠖ= accumulate4.

࢖

unintelligibleࠕࢃ࠿ࡾ࡟ࡃ࠸ࠖ

= impossible to understand5.

࢔verminࠕᐖ⹸ࠖ= pest6.

࢚

let the cat out of the bagࠕ⛎ᐦࢆ₃ࡽࡍࠖ

= disclose the secret7.

࢖résuméࠕᒚṔ᭩ࠖ= curriculum vitae8.

࢘at the mercy ofࠕ㹼ࡢ࡞ࡍࡀࡲࡲ࡛࠶ࡿࠖ = under the control of9.

࢔be fed up withࠕ㹼࡟࠺ࢇࡊࡾࡋ࡚࠸ࡿࠖ = be tired of10.

࢚arguablyࠕ࠾ࡑࡽࡃࠖ

= possibly㸲1.

࢖ ࠕᅖ◻ࢆ⤂௓ࡉࢀࡓ᫬㸪ࢲࣥࡣ࡝ࡢࡼ࠺࡟ឤࡌࡓ࠿ࠖ
3 ࡘ┠ࡢ Dan ࡢⓎゝ➨ 3 ᩥ࡟ “At first, I thought it was really boring, and I couldn’t figure it out.” ࡜࠶ࡾ㸪ࠕ᭱ึࡣ㸪ᅖ◻ࡀ࡜࡚ࡶ㏥ᒅ࡟ᛮ࠼㸪⚾࡟ࡣ⌮ゎ࡛ࡁ࡞࠿ࡗࡓࠖ࡜Ⓨゝࡋ࡚࠸ࡿࠋ

2.

࢖ ࠕࢲࣥࡀ “mopped the floor with me.” ࡜ゝ࠺ሙྜ㸪ᜍࡽࡃᙼࡣ㹝㹝㹝㹝࡜ゝ࠾࠺࡜ࡋ࡚࠸ࡿࠖୗ⥺㒊ࢆྵࡴᩥ(4 ࡘ┠ࡢ Dan ࡢⓎゝ➨ 2 ᩥ)࡟⥆ࡃ➨ 3 ᩥ๓༙࡛㸪 “But I’ve been practicing hard,~” ࡜࠶ࡾ㸪ୗ⥺㒊ࢆྵࡴ㸪 “~ a junior high school boy mopped the floor with me.” ࡣ㸪ࢲࣥࡀᠱ࿨࡟⦎⩦࡟ບࡴࡁࡗ࠿ࡅ࡜࡞ࡗࡓฟ᮶஦ࡀ㉳ࡇࡗࡓ㸪ࡘࡲࡾ୰Ꮫ⏕࡟㈇ࡅࡓ࡜ࡢࡔ࡜᥎

࡛ࡁࡿࠋୗ⥺㒊ࡢ <mop the floor with ~> ࡣ㸪ࠕ㹼ࢆ᏶඲࡟ᅽಽࡍࡿࠖ࡜࠸࠺ព࿡ࠋ3.

࢖ࠕࢲࣥࡢ⌧ᅾࡢᲦຊࡣᜍࡽࡃ࡝ࢀࡃࡽ࠸࠿ࠖ
4 ࡘ┠ࡢ Dan ࡢⓎゝ➨ 3 ᩥᚋ༙࡛㸪 “~ now I can hold my own against most mid-level players.” ࡜࠶ࡾ㸪ࠕ௒ࡸ⚾ࡣ࡯࡜ࢇ࡝ࡢ୰⣭ࣉࣞ࢖࣮ࣖ࡟ᘬࡅࢆྲྀࡽ࡞࠸ࠖ࡜Ⓨゝࡋ࡚࠸ࡿࠋ <hold one’s ownagainst ~> ࡣ㸪ࠕ㹼࡟ᒅࡋ࡞࠸㸪㹼࡟ᘬࡅࢆྲྀࡽ࡞࠸ࠖ࡜࠸࠺ព࿡ࠋҫָ෨਒ָ༩ඍߏϟϑΨ4.

࢘ࠕࢰࣇ࢕࢔࡟ࡼࢀࡤ㸪ࢩ࢖ࢱࢣ࡟㛵ࡋ࡚ṇࡋ࠸ࡢࡣ࡝ࢀ࠿ࠖ
3 ࡘ┠ࡢ Zofia ࡢⓎゝ➨ 2 ᩥᚋ༙࡟㸪“~ shiitake are really meant to be grown on an oak or maple log~” ࡜࠶ࡾ㸪ࠕࢩ࢖ࢱࢣࡣᮏ᮶࣮࢜ࢡࡸ࢚࢝ࢹࡢ୸ኴ࡛᱂ᇵࡍࡿࡇ࡜࡟࡞ࡗ࡚࠸ࡿࡢࡼࠖ࡜Ⓨゝࡋ࡚࠸ࡿࠋ <be meant to do ~> ࡣ㸪ࠕ㹼ࡋ࡞ࡅࢀࡤ࡞ࡽ࡞࠸㸪㹼ࡍࡿࡇ࡜࡟࡞ࡗ࡚࠸ࡿࠖ࡜࠸࠺ព
࿡ࠋ

5.

࢘

ࠕ࣓࢝ࣛࢡ࣮ࣝࡀྠ⾜ࡍࡿࡢࢆチࡋࡓࡢࡣ㸪࢖ࣥࢱࣦ࣮ࣗࢆཷࡅࡓ୰ࡢㄡ࠿ࠖ
᭱ᚋࡢ Taro ࡢⓎゝ➨ 2 ᩥ “Can we go with you?” ࡟⟅࠼࡚ Zofia ࡀ “~, why not?” ࡜ᢎㅙࢆ♧ࡍⓎゝࢆࡋ࡚࠸ࡿࠋ

6.

࢚ࠕࣉࣞࢫࢺࣥࡀࢮࣦ࢕ࣥᩍᤵࡢࡶ࡜࡟᮶ࡓ୺࡞⌮⏤ࡣ㸪㹝㹝㹝㹝࡛࠶ࡿࠖ2 ࡘ┠ࡢ Preston ࡢⓎゝ࡟ “I’ve been looking at the assignment you gave in the last class, and I’m notsure I understand it completely.” ࡜࠶ࡿࠋࡘࡲࡾ㸪Preston ࡣ๓ᅇࡢᤵᴗ࡛ฟࡉࢀࡓㄢ㢟ࡢࡇ࡜ࢆࡁ
ࡕࢇ࡜⌮ゎ࡛ࡁ࡚࠸ࡿ࠿୙Ᏻ࡛㸪ㄢ㢟࡟ࡘ࠸࡚㉁ၥࡋ࡟᮶ࡓ࡜ࢃ࠿ࡿࠋ

7.

࢖ࠕࡑࡢᑐヰ࡟ࡼࢀࡤ㸪ㄢ㢟࡟ࡘ࠸࡚ṇࡋ࠸グ㏙ࡣ࡝ࢀ࠿ࠖ
4 ࡘ┠ࡢ Preston ࡢⓎゝ࡟ “Well, I’m still not completely sure how I should do that.” ࡜࠶ࡾ㸪ㄢ㢟ࡢ㐍ࡵ᪉ࡀࢃ࠿ࡽ࡞࠸࡜࠸࠺ࠋࡑࡢ┤ᚋࡢᩍᤵࡢⓎゝ࡟㸪ḷモࡸᙜ᫬ࡢ᝟ໃ㸪ᴦჾ㸪ࢥ࣮ࢻࡢ✀㢮ࢆㄪ࡭࡚ࡳࡿ࡜Ⰻ࠸㸪࡜࠸࠺࢔ࢻࣂ࢖ࢫࡀ࠶ࡾ㸪ࡇࢀࡀゎ⟅ࡢ᰿ᣐ࡜࡞ࡿࡔࢁ࠺ࠋࡲࡓ㸪௚ࡢ㑅ᢥ⫥࡟ࡘ࠸࡚ࡔࡀ㸪3 ࡘ┠ࡢ Preston ࡢⓎゝ࡟ “So we need to choose two arias, ~.”࡜࠶ࡾ㸪ᐇ㝿࡟ 4 ࡘ┠ࡢ Preston ࡢⓎゝ࡟➨ 2 ᩥ࡛ࡣ㸪Preston ࡀ㑅ࢇࡔᴦ᭤࡟ࡘ࠸࡚ࡢグ㏙ࡶ࠶ࡿࠋࡑࡢࡓࡵࠕᴦ᭤ࡢ᭱⤊Ỵᐃࡣࢮࣦ࢕ࣥᩍᤵࡀ⾜࠺ࠖ࡜࠸࠺࢔ࡣㄗࡾࠋ࢘࡜࢚ࡣᮏᩥ࡟ヱᙜࡍࡿ⟠ᡤࡀ࡞ࡃ㸪ㄗࡾ࡛࠶ࡿࠋ

8.

࢘ࠕࡑࡢᑐヰ࡟ࡼࢀࡤ㸪“the new student portal” ࡟ࡘ࠸࡚ṇࡋࡃ࡞࠸グ㏙ࡣ࡝ࢀ࠿ࠖ
7 ࡘ┠ࡢ Professor Zevin ࡢⓎゝ᭱⤊ᩥ࡟ “Unfortunately, the bookstore link in the portal needs to beupdated, ~” ࡜࠶ࡾ㸪Ꮫ⏕࣏࣮ࢱࣝ୰ࡢ᭩ᗑࡢ࢙࢘ࣈࣜࣥࢡࡣྂ࠸ࡇ࡜ࡀࢃ࠿ࡿࠋࡲࡓ㸪௚ࡢ㑅ᢥ⫥࡟ࡘ࠸࡚ࡶྠࡌࡃ㸪7 ࡘ┠ࡢ Professor Zevin ࡢⓎゝ࡟ゎ⟅ࡢ᰿ᣐࡀ࠶ࡿࠋ9.

࢔ࠕࣉࣞࢫࢺࣥࡀ “have a lot on my plate.” ࡜ゝ࠺ሙྜ㸪ᜍࡽࡃᙼࡣ㹝㹝㹝㹝࡜ゝ࠾࠺࡜ࡋ࡚࠸ࡿࠖ
ୗ⥺㒊ࢆྵࡴᩥ(9 ࡘ┠ࡢ Preston ࡢⓎゝ➨ 1 ᩥ)๓༙࡛㸪 “I took this class for the challenge, andwith the assignments, quizzes, and project ~”㸪࡜࠶ࡾ㸪ࡇࡢࢥ࣮ࢫࡣ㏻ᖖࡢㄢ㢟㸪ᑠࢸࢫࢺ㸪᭱⤊ㄢ㢟ࢆྵࡳ㸪Preston ࡟࡜ࡗ࡚ᣮᡓࡋࡀ࠸ࡢ࠶ࡿෆᐜ࡛࠶ࡿࡇ࡜ࡀࢃ࠿ࡿࠋࡲࡓ㸪ࡇࡢ┤๓ࡢ (8 ࡘ┠ࡢ) Professor Zevin ࡢⓎゝ➨㸯ᩥ࡟㸪 “Well, there’ll be a series of assignments and weekly quizzes
over the course of the semester leading up to the project.” ࡜࠶ࡾ㸪᭱⤊ㄢ㢟ࡲ࡛࡟㸪㏻ᖖࡢㄢ㢟ࡸᑠࢸࢫࢺࡀ┠ⓑᢲࡋ࡛࠶ࡿࡇ࡜ࡀ࠺࠿ࡀ࠼ࡿࠋ <have a lot on one’s plate> ࡣ㸪ࠕࡸࡿ࡭ࡁࡇ࡜ࡀࡓ
ࡃࡉࢇ࠶ࡿࠖ࡜࠸࠺ព࿡࡛࠶ࡿࠋ

10. ࢔ࠕୖ⣭㡢ᴦᏛࢥ࣮ࢫ࡟㛵ࡋ࡚࡝ࡢᩥࡀṇࡋ࠸࠿ࠖ᭱ᚋࡢ Preston ࡢⓎゝ࡟ “I heard from another student that only the final project goes towards our final
grade; is that correct?” ࡜࠶ࡾ㸪᭱⤊ㄢ㢟ࡔࡅࡀ᭱⤊ᡂ⦼࡟㛵ࢃࡿ࡜࠸࠺შࡢ┿ഇࢆᑜࡡ࡚࠸ࡿࡀ㸪ࡑࢀ࡟ᑐࡋ࡚ Professor Zevin ࡣ㸪 “No, the quizzes are worth 20% and the assignments another 20%.”࡜⟅࠼࡚࠾ࡾ㸪᭱⤊ᡂ⦼࡟ࡣᑠࢸࢫࢺࡸ㏻ᖖࡢㄢ㢟ࡶຍ࿡ࡉࢀࡿࡇ࡜ࡀࢃ࠿ࡿࠋ㸳
ၥ 1 ࢘ ࠕ࠶ࡿᢏ⾡⪅ࡢഅ↛࡟ࡼࡿⓎ᫂ရࠖ࡟ࡘ࠸࡚ࠋ4 ࡛ࣃ࣮ࢩ࣮࣭ࢫ࣌ࣥࢧ࣮࡜࠸࠺㸪࣮ࣞࢲ࣮ᢏ⾡ࡢᨵⰋ࡟ྲྀࡾ⤌ࢇ࡛࠸ࡓᢏ⾡⪅ࡢㄝ᫂ࡀ࡞ࡉࢀࡿࠋ “Further tests” ࠿ࡽጞࡲࡿ 3 ࢆ⥆ࡅࡼ࠺࡜ࡍࡿ࡜㸪ඖࡢヨ㦂ࡀ᭩࠿ࢀ࡚࠸ࡿᚲせࡀ࠶ࡿࢃࡅࡔࡀ㸪4 ࡟ࡣࡑࡢ᝟ሗࡣ࡞ࡃࡴࡋࢁ 1 ࡟ “While
testing a radar component called a magnetron ~” ࡜࠶ࡾ㸪ࡇࡇ࠿ࡽ 1 Ѝ 3 ࡢ㡰࡟࡞ࡿࡇ࡜ࡀண᝿࡛
ࡁࡿࠋࡑࡋ࡚㸪3 ࡢ “~ the magnetron’s waves ~ could also be used safely inside a metal box.” ࢆཷࡅࡓ⤖ᯝ࡜ࡋ࡚㸪2 ࡢ “Spencer’s accidental invention, the microwave oven” ࡀ᏶ᡂࡍࡿࡇ࡜ࡀࢃ࠿ࢀࡤ㸪3 Ѝ 2 ࡢ㡰࡟࡞ࡿࠋᴫせࡣ㸪ࣃ࣮ࢩ࣮࣭ࢫ࣌ࣥࢧ࣮ࡀ࣮ࣞࢲ࣮ᢏ⾡ࢆᨵⰋࡍࡿ᪉ἲ࡟ྲྀࡾ⤌ࢇ࡛࠸ࡿ࡜㸪࣐ࢢࢿࢺࣟࣥࡢࢸࢫࢺ୰࡟࣐ࢢࢿࢺࣟࣥࡢ࢚ࢿࣝࢠ࣮ࡀഅ↛࣏ࢣࢵࢺࡢ୰ࡢࢳࣙࢥ࣮ࣞࢺࣂ࣮ࢆ⁐࠿ࡋࡓࠋࡉࡽ࡟ࢸࢫࢺࢆ㐍ࡵ࡚࠸ࡃ࡜㸪࣐ࢢࢿࢺࣟࣥࡢ࣐࢖ࢡࣟἼࡀ༸ࡸ࣏ҫָ෨਒ָ༩ඍߏϟϑΨࢵࣉࢥ࣮ࣥࢆ↝࠸ࡓࡾࡍࡿࡇ࡜ࡶ࡛ࡁ㸪㔠ᒓࡢ⟽ࡢ୰࡛Ᏻ඲࡟౑࠼ࡿࡇ࡜ࡀࢃ࠿ࡗࡓࠋࡇࡢഅ↛ࡢⓎ᫂ရ࡛࠶ࡿ㟁Ꮚࣞࣥࢪࡀ㸪࠸ࡲ࡛ࡣ඲ୡ⏺ࡢᐙᗞ࡛ࡣ୍⯡࡟ࡳࡽࢀࡿࡼ࠺࡟࡞ࡗࡓ࡜࠸࠺ὶࢀ࡟࡞ࡿࠋࡼࡗ࡚㸪4 Ѝ 1 Ѝ 3 Ѝ 2 ࡀṇゎࠋၥ 2 ࢖ ࠕ࣮࣋ࣜࣥࢢᾏᓙ࡟࠶ࡿࢲ࢖࣑࣮࢜ࢻㅖᓥࠖ࡟ࡘ࠸࡚ࠋ1 ࡛ࡲࡎ㸪ࣅࢵࢢࢲ࢖࣑࣮࢜ࢻᓥ࡜ࣜࢺ
ࣝࢲ࢖࣑࣮࢜ࢻᓥ࡜࠸࠺ 2 ࡘࡢᓥࡀ࠶ࡿࡇ࡜ࡀㄝ᫂ࡉࢀࡿࠋ3 ࡢ “For this reason” ࡢ this ࡢᣦࡍෆᐜࡀ㸪1 ࡟᭩࠿ࢀ࡚࠸࡞࠸ࡓࡵ㸪4 ࡀ 1 ࡢḟ࡟᮶ࡿ࡜ண᝿ࡉࢀࡿࠋࡘࡲࡾ㸪2 ࡘࡢᓥࡢ㛫ࡢ㊥㞳ࡣࡓࡗࡓ 3.8 ࡛࢟ࣟ࠶ࡿ࡜࠸࠺ㄝ᫂ࡀࡉࢀࡿࠋࡑࡢᚋ㸪2 ࡘࡢᓥࡢ㛫ࡢ≀⌮ⓗ࡞㊥㞳ࡣ㏆࠸ࡀ㸪ࡑࡢ㛫࡟᪥௜ኚ᭦⥺ࡀ㉮ࡗ࡚࠸ࡿࡓࡵ㸪ࣅࢵࢢࢲ࢖࣑࣮࢜ࢻᓥࡣࣜࢺࣝࢲ࢖࣑࣮࢜ࢻᓥࡼࡾ
ࡶ 21 ᫬㛫᫬㛫ࡀ㐍ࢇ࡛࠸ࡿ࡜࠸࠺㸪2 ࡘࡢᓥࡢ㛫ࡢ኱ࡁ࡞᫬㛫ⓗ࡞㊥㞳ࡢヰࡀࡉࡽ࡟᭩࠿ࢀ࡚࠸ࡿ࡜⪃࠼ࢀࡤ㸪2 ࡟ however ࡀ⏝࠸ࡽࢀ࡚࠸ࡿࡇ࡜ࡶㄽ⌮࡜ࡋ࡚㎷》ࡀྜ࠺ࠋࡑࡋ࡚᭱ᚋ࡟
3 ࢆ⨨ࡁ㸪2 ࡘࡢᓥࡀࠕ᫂᪥ࡢᓥࠖ࡜ࠕ᫖᪥ࡢᓥࠖ࡜࠸࠺㇟ᚩⓗ࡞ྡ๓࡛▱ࡽࢀࡿࡼ࠺࡟࡞ࡗࡓ࡜࠸࠺ヰ࡛⥾ࡵࡃࡃࡽࢀࡿࠋࡼࡗ࡚㸪1 Ѝ 4 Ѝ 2 Ѝ 3 ࡀṇゎࠋ
ၥ 3 ࢘ ࠕࢳࣙࣆࣥ࡜࿧ࡤࢀࡿཌᗏ㠐ࠖ࡟ࡘ࠸࡚ࠋෑ㢌࡟ 3 ࡀ⨨࠿ࢀ࡚㸪
ࠕ16 ୡ⣖࠿ࡽ 17 ୡ⣖࡟㸪࢖ࢱࣜ࢔࡜ࢫ࣌࢖࡛ࣥࢳࣙࣆࣥ࡜࿧ࡤࢀࡿཌᗏ㠐ࡀὶ⾜ࡋࡓࠖ࡜࡞ࡿࠋ⥆࠸࡚㸪ࡑࡢ㠐ࡢ᭱኱ࡢ≉ᚩ࡛࠶ࡿ㧗ࡉ࡟ࡘ࠸࡚ㄝ᫂ࡋࡓ 1 ࡀ⨨࠿ࢀࡿࠋලయⓗ࡟ࡑࡢ㧗ࡉࡀ࡝ࡢࡃࡽ࠸࠿ࢆㄝ᫂ࡋࡓࡢࡀ㸪4࡛࠶ࡾ㸪ࡇࢀࡀࡇࡢḟ࡟ධࡿ࡜⪃࠼ࡿࠋ᭱ᚋ࡟᮶ࡿ 2 ࡣ㸪 “This dramatic height and unhurriedmovement” ࡢ㒊ศࡀ㸪4 ࡛ࡢㄝ᫂ࢆཷࡅ࡚࠸ࡿ࡜⪃࠼ࡽࢀࡿࠋࡼࡗ࡚㸪3 Ѝ 1 Ѝ 4 Ѝ 2 ࡀṇゎࠋ
ၥ 4 ࢘ ࠕ㦫␗ⓗ࡞▱⬟ࡣ⏕ࡲࢀࡘࡁࡢࡶࡢ࡜࠸࠺ࡼࡾࡣカ⦎ࡢ⏘≀࡛࠶ࡿࡇ࡜ࢆ♧ࡋࡓ◊✲ࠖ࡟ࡘ࠸࡚ࠋ
ࡲࡎ 1 ࡛㸪࠶ࡿᩍ⫱ᚰ⌮Ꮫ⪅ࡀ㦫␗ⓗ࡞▱⬟ࡣ⏕ࡲࢀࡘࡁࡢᡯ⬟࡜࠸࠺ࡼࡾࡣカ⦎࡟ࡼࡿࡶࡢ
࡛࠶ࡿ࡜⪃࠼࡚࠸ࡓ࡜࠸࠺ෆᐜࡀ⤂௓ࡉࢀࡿࠋࡑࡢᚋ࡟᮶ࡿࡢࡣ㸪ࡑࡢᏛ⪅ࡢ୺ᙇࢆヲࡋࡃㄝ᫂ࡋ࡚࠸ࡿ 2 ࡛࠶ࡿ࡜⪃࠼ࡽࢀࡿࠋࡍ࡞ࢃࡕࠕᙼࡢ୺ᙇ࡟ࡼࡿ࡜㸪࡝ࢇ࡞Ꮚ࡝ࡶ࡛࠶ࢀኳᡯ࡬࡜ኚ
࠼ࡿࡇ࡜ࡣ࡛ࡁ㸪ே㛫ࡢᩍ⫱ࡢὀ┠ࡍ࡭ࡁᐇ㦂࡟࠾࠸࡚ࡑࢀࢆ♧ࡋጞࡵࡓࠖ࡜࡞ࡿࠋࡉࡽ࡟ṧࡗࡓ㑅ᢥ⫥ࡢࡘ࡞ࡀࡾࢆ⪃࠼ࡼ࠺ࠋ4 ࡣࡇࡢᩍ⫱ᚰ⌮Ꮫ⪅ࡀ㸪⮬ศࡢ 3 ேࡢፉ࡟ᑐࡋ࡚⾜ࡗࡓࡇࡢᐇ㦂ࡢෆᐜ㸪ࡍ࡞ࢃࡕፉࡓࡕ࡟ࢳ࢙ࢫࡢࣉ࣮ࣞࡢ௙᪉ࢆᩍ࠼ࡓ࡜࠸࠺ࡇ࡜ࢆㄝ᫂ࡋ࡚࠾ࡾ㸪3 ࡣࡑࡢ⤖ᯝ㸪ࡍ࡞ࢃࡕፉࡓࡕࡣ඲ဨୡ⏺ࢡࣛࢫࡢࢳ࢙ࢫࣉࣞ࢖࣮ࣖ࡟࡞ࡗࡓ࡜࠸࠺ࡇ࡜ࢆ♧ࡋ࡚࠸ࡿ࠿ࡽ㸪4 Ѝ 3 ࡢ㡰࡟࡞ࡿࠋࡼࡗ࡚㸪1 Ѝ 2 Ѝ 4 Ѝ 3 ࡀṇゎࠋ㸴(1) ࢘✵ᡤ(1)ࢆྵࡴ 1 ᩥࡢ࠾ࡼࡑࡢព࿡ࡣࠕࢹ࣮ࢱ࡟ࡼࡿ࡜㸪ࡇࢀࡽࡢ〇ရࡢ኎ࡾୖࡆࡣ(1)ࡢ࢝

࣮ࢻࢆ㝖࠸࡚㸪2018 ᖺ࡛᭱ࡶᑠࡉࡃ࡞ࡗ࡚࠸ࡿ࡛ࠖ࠶ࡿࠋࢢࣛࣇ࠿ࡽ Hunt ࡔࡅࡀ㸪௚ࡢᖺ࡜ẚ࡭࡚ 2018 ᖺࡢ኎ࡾୖࡆࡀ኱ࡁ࠸ࡇ࡜ࡀࢃ࠿ࡾ㸪ࡇࢀࡀṇゎ࡜࡞ࡿࠋ(2) ࢖✵ᡤ(2)ࢆྵࡴ 1 ᩥࡢ࠾ࡼࡑࡢព࿡ࡣ㸪ࠕᐇ㝿㸪2020 ᖺ࡛ࡣ㸪Blaster ࡣ Crunch-i ࡢ(2)ಸከࡃ

኎ࢀࡓ࡛ࠖ࠶ࡿࠋࢢࣛࣇ࠿ࡽ㸪2020 ᖺ࡟ Blaster ࡜ Crunch-i ࡢ኎ࡾୖࡆࡣࡑࢀࡒࢀ㸪63,000 ᯛ࡜ 21,000 ᯛ࡛࠶ࡿࡇ࡜ࡀࢃ࠿ࡾ㸪3 ಸ࡜࡞ࡗ࡚࠸ࡿࠋࡼࡗ࡚ three to one ࢆ㑅ᢥࡍࡿࠋ(3) ࢘✵ᡤ(3)ࢆྵࡴ 1 ᩥࡢ࠾ࡼࡑࡢព࿡ࡣ㸪
ࠕGrowler ࡢ኎ࡾୖࡆࡣ㸪2018 ᖺ࡟ẚ࡭㸪2019 ᖺ࡛ࡣ࠾ࡼࡑ(3)ಸ࡜࡞ࡗ࡚࠸ࡿ࡛ࠖ࠶ࡿࠋࢢࣛࣇ࠿ࡽ㸪2019 ᖺࡢ Growler ࡢ኎ࡾୖࡆࡣ㸪2018 ᖺࡢࡑࢀࡢ 6 ಸ࡛࠶ࡿࡇ࡜ࡀࢃ࠿ࡿࠋࡼࡗ࡚ six ࢆ㑅ᢥࡍࡿࠋ(4) ࢚✵ᡤ(4)ࢆྵࡴ 1 ᩥࡢ࠾ࡼࡑࡢព࿡ࡣ㸪ࠕRK Bang ࡣᙜึ㸪Tring Computers ♫ࡢேẼࢆ༤ࡋ࡚࠸
ࡓ V2 ࣮࢝ࢻ࡟ᑐᢠࡍࡿࡶࡢ࡜ࡋ࡚Ⓨ⾲ࡉࢀ㸪ࡑࡢ኎ࡾୖࡆࡣ 2020 ᖺ࡟(4)ࡋ࡚࠸ࡿ࡛ࠖ࠶

ࡿࠋ㑅ᢥ⫥ࢆぢࡿ࡜㸪኎ࡾୖࡆࡢືྥࢆ㑅࡭ࡤࡼ࠸࡜ࢃ࠿ࡿࡀ㸪ࢢࣛࣇ࠿ࡽ㸪 “RK Bang” ࡢ኎ࡾୖࡆࡣ 2018 ᖺ࠿ࡽ 2019 ᖺ࡟࠿ࡅ࡚኱ᖜ࡟㸦࠾ࡼࡑ 6 ಸ࡟㸧ୖ᪼ࡋ࡚࠸ࡿࡇ࡜ࡀࢃ࠿ࡿࠋࡼࡗҫָ෨਒ָ༩ඍߏϟϑΨ࡚ jumped ࢆ㑅ᢥࡍࡿࠋ㸵(1)“Over half the cells in your body are not human ones; rather, they consist of bacteria and other microorganismsthat are found throughout the body but concentrated primarily in the large intestine.”ࠕయෆࡢ⣽⬊ࡣ༙ศ௨ୖࡀࣄࢺࡢ⣽⬊࡛ࡣ࡞ࡃ㸪⣽⳦ࡸ௚ࡢᚤ⏕≀࠿ࡽ࡞ࡿࠋࡇ࠺ࡋࡓᚤ⏕≀ࡣ㌟య
୰࡟ぢࡽࢀࡿࡀ㸪ࡶࡗࡥࡽ኱⭠࡟㞟୰ࡋ࡚࠸ࡿࠖ
human ones ࡣࠕࣄࢺࡢ⣽⬊ࠖࢆᣦࡍࠋ
they ࡣ over half the cells in your body ࢆᣦࡍࠋbacteria ࠕ⣽⳦ࠖ
microorganism ࠕᚤ⏕≀ࠖ㛵ಀ௦ྡモ that ࡣ bacteria and other microorganisms ࢆᣦࡍࠋlarge intestine ࠕ኱⭠ࠖ

(2)“Consequently, further advancement in medical care may be possible by incorporating the characteristics ofthese creatures into diagnosis and treatment, contributing to longer health expectancies.”ࠕࡑࢀࡺ࠼㸪ࡇ࠺ࡋࡓ⏕≀ࡢᣢࡘ≉ᚩࢆデ᩿ࡸ἞⒪࡟ྲྀࡾධࢀࡿࡇ࡜࡛㸪་⒪ࡢࡉࡽ࡞ࡿⓎᒎࡀྍ⬟࡜࡞ࡾ㸪೺ᗣᑑ࿨ࢆᘏࡤࡍຓࡅ࡜࡞ࡿ࠿ࡶࡋࢀ࡞࠸ࠋࠖ
further advancement ࠕࡉࡽ࡞ࡿⓎᒎ㸪㐍Ṍࠖ
medical care ࠕ་⒪ࠖincorporate ~ into … ࠕ㹼ࢆ͐࡟ྲྀࡾධࢀࡿࠖ
characteristics ࠕ≉ᚩࠖdiagnosis ࠕデ᩿ࠖ
treatment ࠕ἞⒪ࠖcontribute to ~ࠕ㹼ࡢຓࡅ࡜࡞ࡿ㸪㹼࡟㈉⊩ࡍࡿࠖศモᵓᩥࡢព࿡ୖࡢ୺ㄒࡣ further advancement
longer health expectancies ࠕ೺ᗣᑑ࿨ࢆᘏࡤࡍࠖ㸶(1) ࠕဴᏛⓗ⪃ᐹࠖphilosophical consideration / philosophical examination ࡞࡝ࠋࠕ㹼ࡣࡉ࡚࠾ࡁࠖ

apart from ~ / setting ~ aside ࡞࡝ࠋࠕே㛫ࠖ

humans㸦1 ⾜┠㸧/ human beings ࡞࡝ࠋࠕ㹼ࡢ௚࡟ࡶࠖ

besides ~ / on top of ~ / in addition to ~ / other than ~ ࡞࡝ࠋࡇࢀࡽࡣࠕ㹼࡟ຍ࠼࡚ࠖࡢព࿡ࠋexcept ~ࡣࠕ㹼ࢆ㝖ࡅࡤ㸦࡞࠸㸧ࠖ࡜࠸࠺ሙྜ࡟౑⏝ࡍࡿࡢ࡛୙ྍࠋࠕ㹼ࡀ᫂ࡽ࠿࡟࡞ࡗ࡚ࡁࡓࠖ
~ has become clear / ~ has become plain ࡞࡝ࠋ๓ࡢᩥ࡟ྜࢃࡏ࡚⌧ᅾ᏶஢ᙧࢆ⏝࠸ࡿࠋ(2) ࠕࡅࢇ࠿ࡢ┿ఝࡈ࡜ࢆ⾜࠺㝿ࠖ
in playing a fight / when they play a fight ࡞࡝ࠋquarrel ࡣࠕཱྀㄽࠖ࡞ࡢ࡛୙ྍࠋࠕ༴ᐖࢆຍ࠼ࡿࠖ

do an injury / do harm ࡞࡝ࠋ┠ⓗㄒࡀ harm / injury ࡞࡝ࡢሙྜࡣ give ࡛ࡣ࡞ࡃ do ࢆ⏝࠸ࡿࠋࠕ㹼ࡍࡿពᅗࡀ࡞࠸ࠖ

have no intention to do ~ / not to do ~࡞࡝ࠋࠕ㹼ࢆྜᅗࡍࡿࠖ

signal that S’ V’ ~ / give a signal to do ~࡞࡝ࠋࠕ㡢ࢆฟࡍࠖ

make noises㸦9 ⾜┠㸧/ make a sound ࡞࡝ࠋҫָ෨਒ָ༩ඍߏϟϑΨㅮホ㸯㹙㛗ᩥෆᐜ୍⮴㹛 㸦ᶆ‽㸧ࠕ௒᪥ࡲ࡛⥆ࡃỌ㐲ࡢⱝࡉࡢ᥈✲ࠖ࡟㛵ࡍࡿⱥᩥࠋタၥ࡟≉࡟㞴ࡋ࠸࡜ࡇ㸰㹙ᩥἲᅄᢥ㹛㸦ᶆ‽㸧඾ᆺⓗ࡞ฟ㢟ෆᐜ࡛㸪ࡋࡗ࠿ࡾ࡜Ꮫ⩦ࡋ࡚࠸ࢀࡤᚓⅬࡋࡸࡍ࠸ࠋ㸱㹙ྠ⩏ㄒ㑅ᢥ㹛㸦ᶆ‽㸧㞴ゎ࡞༢⇍ㄒ࡛ࡶ㸪ᩥ⬦ࡸㄒྃࡢ࢖࣓࣮ࢪ࠿ࡽ㑅ᢥྍ⬟࡞ၥ㢟ࡀከ࠸ࠋ㸲㹙఍ヰ㹛㸦ᶆ‽㸧๓༙ࡣࠕᮾி㥐࠿ࡽྛᆅ࡬ྥ࠿࠺஌ᐈ࡜࢖ࣥࢱࣦࣗ࢔࣮ࡢ఍ヰࠖࠋᚋ༙ࡣࢁࡣ࡞࠸ࡀ㸪ࠕ୺᪨ࠖࢆၥ࠺タၥࡣ୍㒊ุ᩿ࡀ㞴ࡋ࠸ࠋࠕᏛ⏕࡜ᩍᤵࡢ㛫࡛ࡢㄢ㢟ෆᐜࡸᏛ⏕࣏࣮ࢱࣝ࡟㛵ࡍࡿ఍ヰࠖࠋྛタၥࡢ㑅ᢥ⫥ࡣṇㄗࡢุ᩿ࢆࡘࡅࡸࡍ࠸ࡶࡢࡀከ࠸ࠋ㸳㹙ᩥᩚᗎ㹛㸦ࡸࡸ᫆㸧 ඛ㢌࡟᮶ࡿࡶࡢࡀỴࡲࡗ࡚࠾ࡾ㸪ᣦ♧ㄒࡸ௦ྡモࢆุ᩿ᇶ‽࡟ࡋ࡚ṇゎ࡟ࡓ࡝ࡾ╔ࡅࡿタၥࡀከ࠸ࠋ㸴㹙ᅗ࣭ࢢࣛࣇ㹛㸦ࡸࡸ᫆㸧 ࢹ࣮ࢱࢆṇ☜࡟ㄞࡳྲྀࡿຊࢆヨࡍၥ㢟ࡔࡀ㸪≉࡟㞴ࡋࡉࡣ࡞࠸ࠋ㸵㹙࿴ヂ㹛㸦ᶆ‽㸧ࠕయෆࡢ࣐࢖ࢡࣟࣂ࢖࣮࣒࢜ࠖ࡟㛵ࡍࡿⱥᩥࠋ୍㒊་Ꮫ⏝ㄒ࡞࡝ࡢ㞴ࡋ࠸༢ㄒࡶྵࡲࢀࡿࡀ㸪඲య࡜ࡋ࡚ࡣᵓ㐀㏻ࡾ⣲┤࡟ヂࡍࡇ࡜ࡀ࡛ࡁࡿࠋ㸶㹙ⱥヂ㹛㸦ᶆ‽㸧ࠕࣄࢺࡢ௚࡟ࡶᏑᅾࡍࡿ➗࠺ື≀ࠖ࡟㛵ࡍࡿⱥᩥࠋᵓ㐀ࡣᖹ࡛᫆㸪ࡑࢀࡒࢀࡢゝⴥࡢ⾲⌧࡛ᕪࡀࡘࡃࠋ኱ၥᵓᡂ㸪ၥ㢟㔞ཬࡧ㞴᫆ᗘࡢ࠸ࡎࢀࡶ౛ᖺ୪ࡳࠋ┠ᶆࡣ 70%

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