令和５年度入学者選抜試験問題
英語

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受験番号

（問題は次のページから始まる）

－ 1 －

第１問

次の英文を読んで、後の問い（問１～問８）に答えなさい。

（配点 50 点）

A new study has found that *elephant seals have to work very hard to stay fat.
(i)The research represents the most (a)complete study *to date of the feeding（of northern elephant seals.

1）

Scientists paid special attention to females of the species

during difficult two-month trips, or *migrations, in the northeastern Pacific Ocean.
The seals were（ 2 ）to spend up to 20 hours every day - and sometimes a full 24hours - in continuous deep-diving to feed on fish.

They fed 1,000 to 2,000 times daily togain the body fat necessary for *reproduction and warmth in the cold waters.
Taiki Adachi of the University of St Andrews in Scotland led the study,（ 3 ）recently(b)appeared in the journal Science Advances.
“It is not easy to get fat,” Adachi said.
Researchers studied 48 female elephant seals from Año Nuevo State Park in Californiaas they traveled large ocean distances. Their entire trip was around 6,000 kilometers.
Scientists (P)［①their findings ②in ③based ④data collected ⑤on］2011 and 2018.
(X)They used three small removable devices.
One device, attached under the *jaw, (c)counted the number of times the seals fed andmeasured their depth.

A second satellite-linked device, attached to the head, followed

the seals’ ocean movements.

(ii)The third device was a “smart” video camera with an*infra-red LED light and another depth sensor.

It was also attached to the head.

Elephant seals get their name from the large noses of the males.
（4）an elephant’s *trunk.

There are two species - the northern elephant seal andthe slightly larger southern elephant seal.
the largest ocean mammals（These noses look5

The two are the world’s biggest seals and）than whales.

Male northern elephant seals can grow up to 4 meters long and weigh up to 2,000
kilograms.

Females are smaller, getting up to about 3 meters in length and 590

kilograms.

The males feed only in coastal waters.

Some large marine mammals depend on deep dives to get enough food to support theirlarge bodies.

*Sperm whales, for example, hunt for large prey like *giant squid.

Female elephant seals -- which are large, but not as big as sperm whales -- have adifferent solution.

They eat huge amounts of small fish. But it is difficult for (Y)them

to catch enough small fish to meet the energy needs of their large bodies.
Adachi said about the female elephant seals:“They (d)continuously dive, for long periods of time - 20 minutes on average and about
100 minutes at maximum - and deep - 500 meters on average and about 1,500 meters at
maximum - with only a few minutes breathing at the surface.”－ 2 －Adachi noted that the seals do not come back to land for their two-month trip, ormigration.

“The sleeping hours in at-sea animals is not fully understood.

But, basedon our record of extreme foraging, their available (Q)［①sleeping ②be ③should ④for⑤time］less than 20 percent of the day,” he added.
Foraging is a (e)term that means looking for food.
Northern elephant seals live on the Pacific coast of the United States, Canada andMexico.

They generally give birth in California and Baja California, usually on*offshore islands, from December to March.
eat.

During their *mating season, they do not

During this period they lose about a third of their body weight.
（出典

Elephant Seals Do a Lot of Work to Stay Fat, VOA Learning English）（注）*elephant seal：ゾウアザラシ*reproduction：繁殖*to date：現在までの*jaw：あご*sperm whale：マッコウクジラ*migration：回遊*infra-red：赤外線*giant squid：ダイオウイカ*mating season：繁殖期－ 3 －*trunk：（ゾウの）鼻*offshore：沖合の問１

下線部(a)～(e)の意味として最も適当なものを、次の①～④の中から一つずつ選びなさい。
（配点(a) complete

1simple②(b) appeared2①

general③

perfect①

was invented②

was published③

was reminded④

was refused③

compared(c) counted①

confused(d) continuously②

consisted②

on and off③

in haste④by and large③

periodpurposeminor④

calculated

④

word

4

without stopping①④

3①(e) term

各 2 点）

5②

vehicle

－ 4 －

問２

空所（1）～（5）に入れるものとして最も適当なものを、次の①～④の中から一つずつ選びなさい。
（配点⑴各 2 点）

6trouble①⑵②behavior③

disease④

climate②

finding

③

found

④

to found

②

whose

③

whom

④

how

②

to③

at

④

like②

each

③

other

④

either

7
find

①⑶

8
which

①⑷

9on

①⑸

10
any

①

問３

下線部(X)(Y)の内容として最も適当なものを、次の①～④の中から一つずつ選びなさい。
（配点(X) They

11①

48 female elephant seals②

scientists③

distances④

devices(Y) them

12①

female elephant seals②

sperm whales③

small fish④

energy needs－ 5 －各 3 点）

下線部(P)［①their findings ②in ③based ④data collected ⑤on］の［問４］内の語（句）を並べかえて正しい英文にするとき、4 番目にくる語（句）を、次の①～⑤の中から一つ選びなさい。

13（配点①their findings②in④

data collected⑤on

問５③

下線部(Q)［①sleeping ②be ③should ④for ⑤time］の［3 点）based］内の語を並べかえて正しい英文にするとき、4 番目にくる語を、次の①～⑤の中から一つ選びなさい。
14（配点sleeping①②

be③should④for⑤3 点）

time

下線部(i)The research の説明として最も適当なものを、次の①～④の中から一つ問６選びなさい。

15（配点①3 点）

この研究の主目的は，キタゾウアザラシの生息数を把握することだった。

② この研究は，毎日最大 20 時間 2 か月間にわたって行われた。
③

この研究で，研究者はキタゾウアザラシのメスに特に着目した。

④

この研究で，キタゾウアザラシがダイオウイカをえさにすることがわかった。

下線部(ii)The third device の説明として本文に書かれていないものを、次の①～④

問７の中から一つ選びなさい。

16（配点①

アザラシの頭部につけられた。

②

深度を計るセンサーがある。

③

赤外線 LED ライトがついている。

④

アザラシの体温を記録できる。

－ 6 －3 点）

問８

本文の内容に合うように、⑴～⑶の英文の空所を補うものとして最も適当なものを、次の①～④の中から一つずつ選びなさい。
（配点According to the new study,（⑴）.

各 4 点）
17①

elephant seals gain weight easily, so they need to be moving all the time②elephant seals can swim 1,500 meters in 20 minutes③

elephant seals sometimes swim all day without sleeping in order to feed④elephant seals most often eat large fish
In this study,（⑵）.

①

scientists fed elephant seals 1,000 to 2,000 times daily②

scientists studied more than 50 elephant seals③

scientists observed where elephant seals were migrating④

scientists attached only two devices to elephant seals

18

What we can learn about elephant seals from this article is that（⑶）.
19①male elephant seals are not as large as female elephant seals②

they mainly live in the Atlantic coast of North America③

they have little body fat, so it is easier for them to keep their bodies warm④

the name elephant seal is related to the large nose of the male－ 7 －第２問

次の英会話文の空所（ 1 ）～（ 5 ）に入れるものとして最も適当なものを、後の①～④の中から一つずつ選びなさい。（E=Emma，J=Jiro）（配点 30 点（各 6 点））

E : I know tomorrow is Friday, but could you come home early?
J : Okay, but why?
E : Because your parents are planning to come to our house on Saturday, I need yourhelp cleaning up.
J : Oh, actually, my father called me today and said they can’t come after all. （E : That’s too bad.

1）

Is she all right?

J : Yes, she has a runny nose, but she’ll get better soon.

So, now that we have noplans, what shall we do on Saturday?
E:（2） Right now, there is a special exhibition of Mexican paintings.

J : Sorry, but I don’t really want to go there.

That exhibition doesn’t sound very

interesting to me.
E : Okay, no problem.

What do you want to do instead?

J : I don’t think we’ve been getting enough exercise lately.

So, how about doing

something active for our health?
E : Sure.

Maybe we can play tennis in the park.

J :（）

3

E : Well, in that case, let’s go bowling.
J : Sounds good.
E : Me, too.

It’s been a long time since I last went bowling.

You’re good at bowling, aren’t you?

J : Not that good, but I like it.
E:（4I used to be in the bowling club when I was in school.

）

J : My club used to go to a nice bowling alley in Shinjuku.
E : Then, let’s go to that bowling alley on Saturday and go out for dinner afterward.
What restaurant should we go to?
J :（5） There is a nice Japanese restaurant near the bowling alley.

E : That sounds great.
J : Perfect.

I also want to have Japanese food.

But let’s try not to eat too much.

－ 8 －We’ve both been gaining weight lately!

⑴

20

①

My mother caught a cold.

②

My mother was in a car accident.

③

My mother said she would bring us a delicious cake.

④

My mother is very busy at work right now.

⑵

21
①

I want to go to the aquarium.

②

Let’s take a rest at home.

③

How about going to the museum?

④

Let’s go to the amusement park and ride a roller coaster.

⑶

22
①

I’ll call to see if the courts are open.

②

The weather forecast says it will rain on Saturday.

③

Tennis is really an exciting sport.

④

I have an injury to my arm.

⑷

23
①

What is your highest score?

②

How long have you been bowling?

③

What do you like about bowling?

④

Where did you go bowling?

⑸

24
①

All-you-can-eat pizza is good.

②

I’d rather have beefsteak than sukiyaki.

③I think I’ll want to eat okonomiyaki.

④I’ll make oyakodon at home.

－ 9 －第３問

次の英文（問１～問 10）の空所に入れるものとして最も適当なものを、後の①～④の中から一つずつ選びなさい。

（配点 20 点（各 2 点））

My mother prefers fish dishes

問１

to①
問２

26

than

②

is①

③

Because②

Both my sister and I

問３

on

③

are

②

Unless③28

am

to be run②

being run③

to run④

running③

going

It is high time youwent①

to walk①

walked31③

walkinghaving known②

to have known③knowing④

having knew

I will32

We can’t put up

問９
①
問 10

with

be

④

will go④

to walking

my girlfriend’s father at the restaurant next week.

be meet①④the criminal in the case.

①

問８

If

on the roof of her house.

30

Mr. Brown seems

問７

to go

②

④

to bed.

29②

Ellen saw a cat

問６byover by the bus.

①

問５

④

interested in traditional Canadian culture.

27

The boy narrowly escaped

問４

meat dishes.

it rains, the school entrance ceremony will be held on the school grounds.

Since

①25

②

be meeting

meeting④

be to meeting④ather idleness any longer.

33
②③on

My parents objected to my③34

toJim.

①marry②marrying with

③marry with

④marrying－ 10 －独立行政法人国立病院機構 附属看護（助産）学校
令和５年度 入学者選抜試験問題

英語Ｂ【解答】
フリガナ
受験校

受験番号

氏名

／１００

第１問（配点５０点）
問１
12

345解答

③②④

①④

配点

2

2

222

6

7

8

910解答

②

③

①

④③配点

2

2

2

22問２問４問５問６問７

11問３
12

13

14

15

16解答

②

①④

③

③

④配点

3

3

3

3

33問８17

18

19解答

③

③④

配点

4

4

4

第２問（配点３０点）
20

21

22

2324解答①③②④③

配点

66666

第３問（配点２０点）
25

26

27

28

29

解答

①③②②①

配点

2222230

3132

33

34

解答

③②②①④

配点

22222