Extract of the 2015
White Paper on Fire Service

Materials created by the Fire and Disaster Management Agency wereextracted and translated by the International Fire Service Information Center

Fire and Disaster Management Agency(FDMA)

FY2015 Firefighting White Paper – Extract – Table of Contents
Chapter 1.

Current Status of and Challenges for Disasters

Section 1 Fire Prevention ................................................................................................................... 1[Current Status and Recent Trends with Fires] White Paper P.48- 49...........................................1[Current Status of Fire Prevention Administration] White Paper P.69- 83 ....................................3
1. Current Status of Residential Fire Prevention Measures ..........................................................3
2. Fire Prevention Properties ........................................................................................................3
3. Fire Prevention Management System .......................................................................................4(1) Fire Protection Managers ....................................................................................................4(2) Supervisors of Fire Protection Management .......................................................................4(3) Periodic Inspection and Reporting System for Fire Prevention Properties ..........................5
4. Disaster Prevention Management System ................................................................................7(1) Disaster Protection Managers .............................................................................................7(2) Supervisors of Disaster Protection Management ................................................................7
5. Onsite Inspections and Corrections of Violations ......................................................................7(1) Current Status for Onsite Inspections and Corrections of Violations ...................................7(2) Initiation of the New Fire Safety Certification Mark System .................................................8(3) Initiation of a System for Publicly Announcing Violating Properties .....................................8
6. Fire Defence Equipment etc. ....................................................................................................8(1) Current Status of Fire Prevention Approval.............................................................................8(2) Current Status for the Installation of Fire Defence Equipment etc. ......................................8(3) Fire Protection Engineers and Fire Protection Inspectors ...................................................9(4) Flame Retardancy Regulations .........................................................................................10(5) Regulations for Equipment and Tools that Use Fire...........................................................10
7. Inspection System for Fire Protection Machinery and Tools etc. ............................................. 11(1) Inspections ........................................................................................................................ 11(2) Self-labeling ....................................................................................................................... 11
8. Performance Inspections of Technical Standard for Fire Defence Equipment etc. ..................12
9. Current Status for Investigations into the Causes of Fires ......................................................12
10. Promoting Countermeasures to Product Fires ........................................................................13
11. Promoting Fire Prevention Measures at Outdoor Event Venues .............................................14
Section 2 Countermeasures to Disasters at Facilities for Hazardous Materials .......................... 15[Current Status of and Recent Trends in Disasters at Facilities for Hazardous Materials] White
Paper P.86-88 ...................................................................................................................................15
1. Fire Accidents .........................................................................................................................15(1) Number of Fire Accidents at Facilities for Hazardous Materials and the Damage Done....15(2) Causative Factors behind the Fire Accidents at Facilities for Hazardous Materials ...........16(3) Fire Accidents at Unauthorized Facilities ...........................................................................16(4) Fire Accidents during the Transportation of Hazardous Materials......................................17(5) Fire Accidents during Temporary Storage or Handling .......................................................17
2. Spillage Accidents ...................................................................................................................17(1) Number of Spillage Accidents at Facilities for Hazardous Materials and the Damage Done................................................................................................................................................17(2) Causative Factors behind the Spillage Accidents at Facilities for Hazardous Materials ....17(3) Spillage Accidents at Unauthorized Facilities ....................................................................17(4) Spillage Accidents during the Transportation of Hazardous Materials ...............................19[Current Status of Hazardous Materials Administration] White Paper P.88-94 ..........................19
1. Regulations on Hazardous Materials ......................................................................................19(1) Regulatory Structure for Hazardous Materials ...................................................................19(2) Recent Status for Hazardous Material Regulations - Omitted ...........................................20i2.

(3) Current Status of Facilities for Hazardous Materials ..........................................................20(4) Hazardous Material Engineers ..........................................................................................21(5) Establishment of Safety Systems at Business Establishments..........................................21(6) Safety Inspections .............................................................................................................22(7) Onsite Inspections and Orders ..........................................................................................22
Securing Petroleum Pipelines .................................................................................................22(1) Safety Regulations for the Petroleum Pipeline Business ...................................................22(2) Ensuring the Safety of Petroleum Pipelines ......................................................................22

Section 3 Countermeasures to Disasters at Petroleum Industrial Complexes ............................ 23[Current Status of and Recent Trends in Disasters at Petroleum Industrial Complexes] White
Paper P.96- 97 ..................................................................................................................................23
1. Number of Accidents and Damage .........................................................................................23
2. Characteristics of Accidents ....................................................................................................24(1) Number of Accidents by the Classification of Specified Business Establishments.............24(2) Number of Accidents at Specified Business Establishments by Business Category..........24[Current Status of Damage Countermeasures at Petroleum Industrial Complexes] White Paper
P.97- 101 ...........................................................................................................................................24
1. Current Status of Petroleum Industrial Complexes and Other Special Disaster Prevention
Areas .............................................................................................................................................25
2. Disaster Prevention Structures at Prefectures and Firefighting Agencies ...............................27(1) Establishing Disaster Prevention Schemes .......................................................................27(2) Responses Measures when Disasters Occur ....................................................................27(3) Maintaining the Firefighting Capabilities of Municipalities Containing Special Disaster
Prevention Areas ....................................................................................................................27
3. Disaster Prevention Structures at Specified Business Establishments ...................................27(1) Establishing Disaster Prevention Organizations for Self-defense ......................................27(2) Equipping High Capacity Foam Systems ..........................................................................28(3) Enhancing Disaster Prevention Structures for Self-defense ..............................................28
4. Layout Regulations for Business Establishments ...................................................................28(1) Layout Regulations ............................................................................................................28(2) Status for New Establishment and Other Notifications ......................................................29
5. Other Disaster Countermeasures ...........................................................................................29(1) Establishing Disaster Response Structures .......................................................................29(2) Establishing Green Buffer Zones for Disaster Prevention .................................................29
Attachment
Attachment 6

Extent of fire damage by prefecture White Paper P.295- 297 ....................................30

Attachment 34

Trends in the number of facilities for hazardous materials White Paper P.322 ..........33

ii

Chapter 1

Current Status and Challenges with Disasters

Section1

Fire Prevention

Section 1 Fire Prevention

years prior (the number of fires in 2004).
[Current Status and Recent Trends with Fires] ten
Furthermore, the number of fatalities from fires has[Current Status and Recent Trends with Fires] White Paper P.48- 49

also largely been trending downward since 2005, when
the number registered came to 2,195. The number offatalities from fires in 2014 came to 1,678, an increaseof 53 (3.3%) compared with the previous year.
However, this was 83.7% of the number from ten
years prior (the number of fatalities in 2004) (Fig.
1-1-1, Table 1-1-1).

Looking at the number of fires over the past ten
years reveals that this number has largely been
trending downwards since 2004, when the number was
60,387. The number of fires that occurred in 2014
came to 43,741, falling by 4,354 (9.1%) compared tothe previous year, which is 72.4% of the number from
Fig. 1-1-1

Changes in the number of fires and their trends

1Section 1.

Table 1-1-1

Fire Prevention

Status of fires(During each year)

Classification

Unit

2004

2013
(A)

No. of fires
Building fires
Forest fires
Vehicle fires
Ship fires
Aircraft fires
Other fires
No. of buildings burned
Totally destroyed
Half destroyed
Partially destroyed
Minor fire
Building floor area burned
Building surface area burned
Forest area burned
Fatalities
InjuredNo. of households affected
Totally destroyed
Half destroyed
Partially destroyed
No. of people affected
Amount of damages
Building fires
Forest fires
Vehicle fires
Ship fires
Aircraft fires
Other fires
Explosions
Fire outbreak rateFires

60,38733,325
2,592
7,077
132
10
17,25146,018
10,6093,517
13,754
18,1381,574,582
158,292
156,779
2,004
8,641
29,7937,021
2,461
20,311
76,960135,327
126,529
809
3,376
627
141
2,746
1,099
4.8

48,09525,053
2,020
4,586
91
3
16,34235,031
8,036
2,113
9,564
15,3181,183,724
120,615
97,0791,625
6,858
21,3694,863
1,559
14,94749,67690,78282,320
233
3,668
299
5
2,209
2,049
3.7

(Notes)

1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8

9
10
11
12
13
14
15

16
17

Buildings

m2
m2
aPeoplePeopleHouseholds

PeopleMillions

Fires/10,000

2014
(B)
43,741
23,641
1,494
4,467
86
1
14,05233,380
7,411
2,021
9,019
14,9291,108,150
118,684
106,182
1,678
6,560
20,788
4,569
1,425
14,79447,72685,31977,656
1,369
2,625
241
0
2,820
608
3.4

Change(B)－(A)(C)−4,354−1,412
−526
−119
−5
−2
−2,290−1,651
−625
−92
−545
−389
−75,574−1,931
9,103
53
−298
−581
−294
−134
−153
−1,950−5,463−4,6641,136−1,043−58−5611−1,441−0.3

Rate of change(C)/(A)×100
(%)
−9.1
−5.6
−26.0
−2.6
−5.5
−66.7
−14.0
−4.7
−7.8
−4.4
−5.7
−2.5
−6.4
−1.6
9.4
3.3
−4.3
−2.7
−6.0
−8.6
−1.0
−3.9
−6.0
−5.7
487.6
−28.4
−19.4
−100.0
27.7
−70.3
―

Prepared from Fire Reports
The figures for each year are calculations of the fires that occurred between January - December. The same holds true in this section
hereafter unless otherwise noted.
“Building fires” refer to fires that burn buildings or the contents contained therein. The same holds true in this section hereafter unlessotherwise noted.
“Vehicle fires” refer to fires that burn automotive vehicles, railway vehicles, trailer vehicles, or their cargo. The same holds true in thissection hereafter unless otherwise noted.
“Forest fires” refer to fires that burn forests, wilderness, or grassland. The same holds true in this section hereafter unless otherwise
noted.
“Ship fires” refer to fires that burn ships or their cargo. The same holds true in this section hereafter unless otherwise noted.
“Aircraft fires” refer to fires that burn aircraft or their cargo. The same holds true in this section hereafter unless otherwise noted.
“Other fires” refer to fires other than building fires, vehicle fires, Forest fires, and aircraft fires (fires involving vacant land, fields, roads,
flood plains, waste collection sites, outdoor item collection sites, train tracks, utility poles, etc.). The same holds true in this section
hereafter unless otherwise noted.
Fatalities includes those people who were injured by fires and passed away within 48 hours. The same holds true in this section
hereafter unless otherwise noted.
The fire outbreak rate refers to the number of fires per 10,000 people. The same holds true in this section hereafter unless otherwise
noted.
Amount of damages and so forth include cases that are still under investigation, and so this may change. The same holds true in thissection hereafter unless otherwise noted.
The symbol “−” indicates negative numbers. The same holds true in this section hereafter unless otherwise noted.
Rate of change was found by rounding up less than whole numbers with the displayed units. The same holds true in this section
hereafter unless otherwise noted.
The populations for 2004 and 2013 were found from the Basic Resident Register as of March 31 for each year, while the population for2014 was found from a survey of the current status of fire prevention and earthquake countermeasures as of March 31.
If a fire is spread across more than two types of fires, it is aggregated into the number of fires based on which type had the larger
amount of damages. For the amount of damages, this is aggregated for each type of fire by the objects damaged in the fire (building,vehicle, forest, ship, aircraft, or other). The same holds true in this section hereafter unless otherwise noted.
The amount of damages from “Explosions” is posted to “Explosions” within “Amount of damages” without regard to the type of fire.
The figures in the total column may not align with the totals for each figure due to rounding. The same holds true in this section
hereafter unless otherwise noted.

2Based on the basic policy established at this[Current Status of Fire Prevention Administration] Alarms.
committee, various initiatives were deployed to ensure[Current Status of Fire Prevention Administration] White Paper P.69- 83

that residential fire alarms were thoroughly installed
and maintained. This was done by the fire defense
headquarters throughout Japan in cooperation withvolunteer fire corps, women’s (female) firefighting
clubs, voluntary disaster prevention organizations, andothers. As of June 1, 2015, the nationwide installation
rate was 81.0% and the ordinance compliance rate was
66.4%. When viewed by prefecture, Fukui Prefecture
had both the highest installation rate and ordinancecompliance rate.

Current Status of Residential
Fire Prevention Measures

1.
1.

Current Status of Residential Fire Prevention Measures

The number of residential fires in 2014 (11,855,
excluding those from arson) accounted for roughly 50% of
the number of building fires (21,620, excluding those fromarson). What is more, the number of fatalities fromresidential fires (1,006, excluding suicides by arson),accounts for roughly 90% of the number of fatalities frombuilding fires (1,127, excluding suicides by arson), withthis trend holding steady for more than ten years. In
addition, elderly people age 65 or older account for
approximately 70% of the fatalities from residential fires.
The revision of the Fire Services Act in 2004 mandated
that residential fire alarms be installed in newly-built
residences starting from June 2006. As for existing
residences, it mandated that said alarms be installed inthem within all municipalities nationwide based on theordinances in each municipality by June 2011. The Fireand Disaster Management Agency (FDMA) held theCommittee on Measures to Install Residential Fire

Table. 1-1-27

2.
2.

Fire Prevention Properties
Fire Prevention Properties

The Fire Services Act defines the primary properties
that are eligible for fire prevention administration,such as architectural structures, as “fire prevention
properties.” It also mandates that personnel structures
for fire prevention be established, fire defence
equipment etc.*1 be installed, and flame retardant
goods be used at those fire prevention properties listed
in Appended Table I of the Ordinance of Enforcement
for the Fire Services Act according to their purpose,
size, and so forth.

Number of fire prevention properties(As of March 31, 2015)

Classification of fire prevention
properties
(1)

(3)

4,364

647

14.8

b. Public halls, etc.

66,403

6,216

9.4

a. Cabarets, etc.

1,012

122

12.1

c. Stores engaged in
sex-related businesses, etc.

11,081

2,061

18.6

206

116

56.3

Classification of fire prevention
properties

Percentage(%)

a. Special bathhouses

1,605

677

42.2

b. General bathhouses

5,002

1,329

26.6

(10)

Railroad depots

3,859

1,381

35.8

(11)

Temples and shrines,
etc.

56,718

11,71020.6

496,345

69,894

14.1(9)

a. Factories, etc.
(12)

2,815

672

23.9

b. Studios

391

130

33.2

3,575

582

16.3

a. Parking lots, etc.

50,937

15,00029.4

b. Eating and drinking houses

83,505

16,762

20.1

b. Aircraft hangars

696

107

15.4

Department stores, etc.

157,972

27,092

17.1(14)Warehouses

325,223

52,192

16.0

58,998

5,871

10.0

(15)

Offices, etc.

458,462

106,337

23.2

a. Specified multipurpose
fire prevention properties

363,794

133,663

36.7

b. Unspecified multipurpose
fire prevention properties

254,195

117,435

46.2

b. Apartment houses, etc.

1,281,786

474,318

(13)

37.0
(16)

a. Hospitals, etc.

64,495

12,28619.0

b. Special elderly nursing
homes, etc.

41,0486,623

16.1 (16-2)

Underground malls

64

55

85.9

c. Elderly daycare centers,
etc.

68,07811,082

16.3 (16-3)

Semi-underground malls

7

6

85.7

d. Kindergartens, etc.
(7)

Schools(8)

Libraries, etc.

18,597

4,235

22.8

(17)

Cultural properties

8,590

1,575

18.3

129,298

28,62322.1(18)Arcades

1,332

475

35.7

7,536

850

11.3

(19)

Mountain forests

004,027,989

1,110,124

Total(Notes)1

2*1

21 majorcitiesa. Restaurants, etc.

a. Hotels, etc.

(6)

Nationwide

d. Karaoke box and stores,
etc.

(4)
(5)

Percentage(%)

a. Theaters, etc.

b. Game centers, etc.
(2)

Nationwide

21 majorcities

Prepared based on the Survey on the Actual Conditions of Fire Prevention Properties (targeting those fire prevention properties listed inAppended Table I of the Ordinance of Enforcement for the Fire Services Act that are listed in (1) through (16-3) and have a total area of
150m2 or larger, and those listed in (17) through (19); the same hereafter).
The 21 major cities refer to the 23 wards of Tokyo and 20 ordinance-designated cities (Sapporo City, Sendai City, Saitama City, Chiba
City, Yokohama City, Kawasaki City, Sagamihara City, Niigata City, Shizuoka City, Hamamatsu City, Nagoya City, Kyoto City, Osaka City,
Sakai City, Kobe City, Okayama City, Hiroshima City, Kitakyushu City, Fukuoka City, and Kumamoto City).

Fire defence equipment etc.: Equipment for extinguishing fires, evacuation, and other fire protection activities (fire extinguishers, sprinkler systems, automatic fire
alarms, fire escape equipment, guide lights, etc.)

3

27.6

Section 1.

As of March 31, 2015, the number of fire prevention
properties throughout Japan came to 4,027,989 (this is
the number obtained from the Survey on the Actual
Conditions of Fire Prevention Properties (targeting
those fire prevention properties listed in Appended
Table I of the Ordinance of Enforcement for the Fire
Services Act that are listed in (1) through (16-3) andhave a total area of 150m2 or larger, and those listed in(17) through (19)); the same hereafter).
Moreover, the number of fire prevention properties
in the 21 major cities (special wards of Tokyo andordinance-designated cities) came to 1,110,124,
accounting for 27.6% of the total fire prevention
properties throughout Japan. Those properties that are
particularly concentrated in urban areas include
underground malls (85.9% of the national total),semi-underground malls*2 (85.7% of the national total),
stores engaged in sex-related businesses (56.3% of thenational total), and so on (Table 1-1-27).

3.
3.

management in order to carry out the proper fire
protection management operations for their own
offices and so forth and notified firefighting agencies
to this effect came to 790,585, for 74.2% of the total(Table 1-1-28).
(2) Supervisors of Fire Protection
Management
For properties like high-rise buildings (buildingsthat are taller than 31 m high), underground malls,
semi-underground malls, and other specified
properties under fire prevention at or above a certain
size*5 where management authority has been divided
up, the Fire Services Act stipulates that fire protection
managers are to be appointed and carry out fire
protection management for each of the various areas
which they have management authority over.
Conversely, it also states that supervisors of fire
protection management are to be appointed inconsultation with them in order to carry out fire
protection management for the building as a whole in
an integrated manner. It mandates that the
management officials strive to prevent fires andmaintain the safety of the fire prevention properties asa whole by preparing firefighting plans for fire
protection management for said properties on thewhole, as well as extinguishing fires, issuing reports,and holding evacuation drills (Supervisory Fire
protection management System: enacted April 1,
2014).
This was preceded by the former joint fire
protection management consultation system (whereby
fire protection management was carried out jointly by
establishing joint fire protection management
consultative committees with the major management
officials at the fire prevention properties serving as
representatives, and where they established items
related to preparing firefighting plans for fire
protection management and other necessary
operations through consultations). With this system
the roles and authorities of the supervisors of fire
protection management were not clearly defined inlaw, which made it impossible to establish a system
whereby fire protection management could be carriedout autonomously and in an integrated manner.
Therefore, the Act for Partial Revision of the Fire
Services Act (2012; Law No. 38) mandated thatsupervisors of fire protection management be
appointed and that they be granted the authority toissue instructions to the fire protection managers.

Fire Prevention Management
SystemFire Prevention Management System(1) Fire Protection Managers
The Fire Services Act mandates that people withauthority when it comes to managing fire prevention
properties that contain large numbers of people(hereafter referred to as “management officials”)
undertake the operations necessary for fire protection
management. These include appointing the fire
protection managers*3 that form the core of voluntary
fire protection management structures, as well as
preparing firefighting plans for fire protection
management*4 that include stipulations on firefighting,reporting, and holding disaster drills.
As of March 31, 2015, the number of fire prevention
properties that were legally required to establish fire
protection management structures and appoint fire
protection managers came to 1,064,933 nationwide. Of
these, 854,731 properties, which corresponds to 80.3%,
have appointed fire protection managers and havenotified firefighting agencies to this effect. However,
210,202 fire prevention properties have yet to appoint afire protection manager. Firefighting agencies areproviding the management officials at these fire
prevention properties with guidance and instructions inan effort to rectify this.
Additionally, the number of fire prevention
properties where the fire protection manager has
prepared firefighting plans for fire protection

*2
*3
*4
*5

Fire Prevention

Semi-underground mall: A combination of an underground passage and shops established in the basement of a building that stand in a row facing thisunderground passage.
Fire protection managers: People who have been appointed from among those management officials who have certain qualifications, such as having completed
a training course on fire protection management for fire prevention properties, and who are in a managerial or supervisory position where they can appropriately
carry out the operations necessary for fire protection management at said properties.
Firefighting plans for fire protection management: These are plans that establish matters which are necessary for fire protection management. Said plans areprepared by fire protection managers, with fire protection management operations carried out on the basis of said plans.
Specified properties under fire prevention measures: Certain properties under fire prevention measures that include department stores, restaurants, and otherproperties that can accommodate large numbers of people, as well as hospitals, nursing homes for the elderly, kindergartens, and other properties used by people
who would require assistance during a disaster.

4As of March 31, 2015, the number of fire
prevention properties that were required to appointsupervisors of fire protection management came to88,474 nationwide. Of these, 39,950, whichcorresponds to 45.2%, have appointed supervisors offire protection management and notified firefighting
agencies to this effect. What is more, the number offire prevention properties that have prepared overall
fire prevention plans for the sake of carrying out fire
protection management for the building as a whole in
an integrated manner and that have notified
firefighting agencies to this effect came to 39,528.
This represents a notification rate of 44.7% (Table
1-1-29).

Table 1-1-28(3) Periodic Inspection and Reporting System
for Fire Prevention Properties
To prevent fires from occurring and mitigate thedamage they do, it is important for not only
firefighting agencies but also personnel from the fire
prevention properties, to perform maintenance for fire
prevention with said properties and strive to comply
with fire prevention laws and ordinances.
Therefore, the Fire Services Act mandates thatmanagement officials at fire prevention properties withcertain purposes or structures or the like have people
with expert knowledge when it comes to fire
prevention (hereafter referred to as “qualified
inspectors of fire prevention properties”) perform
inspections and report the results of these to
firefighting agencies once a year.

Nationwide fire prevention implementation status
Item

Classification of properties underfire prevention measures
(1)

(2)

(3)

a
b
a
b
c
d
a
b

(4)
(5)

(6)

a
b
a
b
c
d

(7)
(8)
(9)

a
b

(10)
(11)
(12)
(13)

a
b
a
b

(14)
(15)
a
(16)
b
(16-2)(17)(Notes)12

3

No. of properties
that must perform
fire protection
management

Theaters, etc.
Public halls, etc.
Cabarets, etc.
Game centers, etc.
Stores engaged in sex-related businesses, etc.
Karaoke box and stores, etc.
Restaurants, etc.
Eating and drinking houses
Department stores, etc.
Hotels, etc.
Apartment houses, etc.
Hospitals, etc.
Special elderly nursing homes, etc.
Elderly daycare centers, etc.
Kindergartens, etc.
Schools
Libraries, etc.
Special bathhouses
General bathhouses
Railroad depots, etc.
Temples and shrines, etc.
Factories, etc.
Studios
Parking lots, etc.
Aircraft hangars
Warehouses
Offices, etc.

3,377
60,771
824
9,746
150
2,648
2,781
75,005
103,196
36,985
177,148
23,45432,96442,312
11,91944,327
4,950
1,376
3,033
684
24,40639,978307
1,354
66
10,067
98,121

Specified multipurpose fire prevention properties

210,491

Unspecified multipurpose fire prevention
properties
Underground malls
Cultural properties
Total

41,11964
1,310
1,064,933

No of fire
prevention
properties thathave appointed
fire protection
managers

3,052
48,658
483
9,018
115
2,435
2,432
58,827
81,964
34,627
134,015
21,264
31,16440,052
11,53242,471
4,560
1,243
2,764
527
19,61834,678
251
1,084
48
7,766
80,129149,363(25,803)
29,330(4,507)51
1,210
854,731

Appointment rate
(%)

90.4
80.1
58.6
92.5
76.7
92.0
87.5
78.4
79.4
93.6
75.7
90.7
94.5
94.7
96.8
95.8
92.1
90.3
91.1
77.0
80.4
86.7
81.8
80.1
72.7
77.1
81.7
71.0
(12.3)
71.3(11.0)
79.7
92.4
80.3

No. of fire
prevention
properties thathave preparedfirefighting plans
for fire protection
management

2,941
45,091
407
8,559
114
2,320
2,196
53,711
76,33133,300122,281
20,50330,35539,068
11,237
41,191
4,367
1,180
2,585
481
17,67032,063
236
977
43
7,080
74,020132,901(27,716)
26,222(4,817)45
1,110
790,585

Preparation rate
(%)

87.1
74.2
49.4
87.8
76.0
87.6
79.0
71.6
74.0
90.0
69.0
87.4
92.1
92.3
94.3
92.9
88.2
85.8
85.2
70.3
72.4
80.2
76.9
72.2
65.2
70.3
75.4
63.1
(13.2)
63.8(11.7)
70.3
84.7
74.2

Prepared based on the Survey on the Actual Conditions of Fire Prevention Properties.
When a property under fire prevention measures has multiple management officials, they are only all counted when all of them are
involved in the appointment of the fire protection manager or preparing firefighting plans for fire protection management. The numbers inparenthesis are the figures for fire prevention properties where said managers are appointed and plans are prepared only by some ofthem.
The classification of fire prevention properties is the classification pursuant to Appended Table I of the Ordinance of Enforcement for theFire Services Act. The facility names are illustrations of this. The same holds true in this section hereafter unless otherwise noted.

5Section 1.

These qualified inspectors of fire prevention
properties consist of people with a certain level ofknowledge of fire prevention, such as fire protectionengineers*6 with three or more years of practicalexperience with construction work for fire defence
equipment etc., or people with three or more years ofpractical experience as fire protection managers. They
must also complete a training course offered by acorporation that has been registered by the Minister ofInternal Affairs and Communications, and have been
issued a certificate attesting that they have acquired thenecessary knowledge and skills when it comes toinspections for fire prevention properties.
What is more, these inspectors are obligated toundergo re-training every five years for new knowledge
and skills that they must learn. As of March 31, 2015,
the number of such inspectors came to 28,112. Thosefire prevention properties for which periodic inspection
reports have been mandated andTable 1-1-29

Fire Prevention

which have been carrying out management for three ormore years continuously are exempt from the duty toperform three-year inspections and reports if they meeta certain criteria. This criteria is that they have been
acknowledged as having excellent compliance with thestandards from fire prevention laws and ordinances asa result of inspections carried out by a firefighting
agency on the basis of an application from the
management officials from said property under fire
prevention measures.
Fire prevention properties that have been
acknowledged as being in compliance with theinspection standards by the inspectors for theseproperties may display a “Fire Prevention Standard
Inspection Certificate of Completion.” Those that havebeen acknowledged as having excellent compliancewith the standards in fire prevention laws andordinances by firefighting agencies may display a“Fire Prevention Certificate of Excellence.”

Nationwide supervisory fire protection management implementation status(As of March 31, 2015)
Item No. of properties that No of fire prevention

Classification of properties
under fire prevention measuresproperties that havebeen appointed
supervisors of fire
protection
management

must perform
supervisory fire
protection
management

No. of fire prevention
properties that haveAppointment rate prepared overall fire
prevention plans(%)

Preparation rate(%)

aTheaters, etc.

24

18

75.0

10

41.7

b

Public halls, etc.

66

23

34.8

23

34.8

a

Cabarets, etc.

79

12

15.2

12

15.2

b

Game centers, etc.

96

51

53.1

45

46.9

c

Stores engaged in sex-related
businesses, etc.

37

28

75.7

18

48.6

d

Karaoke box and stores, etc.

25

10

40.0

5

20.0

a.

Restaurants, etc.

4

0

0.0

0

0.0

b

Eating and drinking houses

(1)

(2)

(3)
2,447

1,018

41.6

992

40.5

Department stores, etc.

922

278

30.2

260

28.2

a

Hotels, etc.

187

110

58.8

109

58.3

a

Hospitals, etc.

194

96

49.5

94

48.5

b

Special elderly nursing homes, etc.

126

63

50.0

54

42.9

c.

Elderly daycare centers, etc.

154

48

31.2

48

31.2

d.

Kindergartens, etc.

20

4

20.0

3

15.0

a.

Special bathhouses

67

33

49.3

32

47.8

a

Specified multipurpose fire prevention
properties

57,51825,57244.5

25,37544.1

bUnspecified multipurpose fire
prevention properties

7,595

2,806

36.9

2,747

36.2

55

45

81.8

45

81.8

(4)
(5)

(6)

(9)

(16)

(16-2)

Underground malls(16-3)

Semi-underground malls(Notes)

*6

1
2

4

3

75.0

3

75.0

High-rise buildings

18,854

9,732

51.6

9,653

51.2

Total

88,47439,95045.2

39,52844.7

Prepared based on the Survey on the Actual Conditions of Fire Prevention Properties.
High-rise buildings (buildings that are taller than 31 meters) are not classified within Appended Table I of the Ordinance of Enforcement for
the Fire Services Act. Moreover, fire prevention properties that correspond to high-rise buildings were counted in the “High-rise buildings”
field within the “Classification of fire prevention properties” column.

Fire protection engineer: A person with expert knowledge of fire defence equipment etc. who has been issued a fire protection engineer certification

6

4.
4.

integrated manner. It mandates that the management
officials establish fire and disaster safety for the disasterprevention properties as a whole (supervisory disasterprotection management system: enacted April 1,
2014).
As of March 31, 2015, the number of fire
prevention properties that were required to appointsupervisors of disaster protection management came to2,685 nationwide. Of these, 2,492, which corresponds
to 92.8%, have appointed supervisors of disasterprotection management and notified firefighting
agencies to this effect. What is more, the number ofdisaster prevention properties that have preparedfirefighting plans for the sake of carrying out disasterprotection management for the building as a whole in
an integrated manner and that have notified
firefighting agencies to this effect, came to 2,191. This
represents a notification rate of 81.6%.

Disaster Prevention Management
SystemDisaster Prevention Management System(1) Disaster Protection Managers
In order to handle imminent threats such as major
earthquakes, the revisions to the Fire Services Act from
June 2007 mandated that those people with authority forthe management of large-scale and high-rise buildings
and the like (hereafter referred to as “management
officials”) are to establish fire defense organizations forself protection.*7 Such organizations prepare
firefighting plans for disaster protection management*8
suited to earthquake and other disasters, and appoint
disaster protection managers*9 responsible for
emergency response structures concerning significant
damage when earthquakes strike and for holding
evacuation drills. In addition, they carry out thenecessary operations in order to mitigate the damage
from fires and other disasters.
As of March 31, 2015, the number of properties
under disaster prevention measures that were legallyrequired to establish disaster protection management
systems and appoint disaster protection managers came
to 9,616 throughout Japan. Of these, 7,793, whichcorresponds to 81.0%, have appointed disasterprotection managers and notified firefighting agencies
to this effect.
What is more, the number of properties underdisaster prevention measures at which the disasterprotection manager has prepared firefighting plans fordisaster protection management, in order to carry out
the appropriate disaster protection management
operations at their own offices and otherestablishments, and notified firefighting agencies tothis effect came to 7,226, or 75.1% of the total. The
number of said properties that have established fire
defense organizations for self-protection came to8,161, or 84.9% of the total.

Onsite Inspections and5. Corrections of Violations
5.

Firefighting agencies enter fire prevention
properties to perform onsite inspections pursuant to theregulations of Article 4 of the Fire Services Act when
it is necessary to do so for the sake of fire prevention.
The number of times onsite inspections were carriedout by firefighting agencies throughout Japan in
FY2014 came to 867,276.
Fire chiefs or fire station chiefs may order measuresthat must be taken with respect to deficiencies in fire
protection management at the fire prevention
properties, fire defence equipment etc. that has notbeen installed at such properties, or other problems
brought to light through the onsite inspections. Suchmeasures include appointing fire protection managers
and installing fire defence equipment etc. or special
fire defence equipment etc., pursuant to the regulations
in Article 8, Article 8-2, or Article 17-4 of the Fire
Services Act. In cases where this is recognized as
posing a hazard for fire prevention, they can order thatthe necessary measures be taken, such as repairing or
relocating the fire prevention properties in question or
removing the hazards from them, or else question or
removing the hazards from them, or else prohibiting or
restricting their use, pursuant to the regulations in
Article 5, Article 5-2, or Article 5-3 of the Fire
Services Act. The act states that they must publicly
announce when they issue orders such as these.

(2) Supervisors of Disaster Protection
Management
For those buildings that require disaster protection
management where management authority has been
divided up, the Fire Services Act stipulates that disasterprotection managers are to be appointed and carry out
disaster protection management for each of the various
areas which they have management authority over.
Conversely, it also stipulates that supervisors of disasterprotection management are to be appointed inconsultation with them in order to carry out disasterprotection management for the building as a whole in an

*7
*8
*9

Onsite Inspections and Corrections of Violations(1) Current Status for Onsite Inspections andCorrections of Violations

Fire defense organizations for self protection: These are personal organizations comprised of people like employees at properties under fire prevention
measures. They carry out the operations necessary in order to mitigate the damage from fires and other disasters when they occur based on the roles establishedin the firefighting plan.
Firefighting plans for disaster protection management: These are plans that establish matters which are necessary for disaster protection management. Saidplans are prepared by disaster protection managers, with disaster protection management operations carried out on the basis of said plans.
Disaster protection managers: People who have been appointed from among those management officials who have certain qualifications, such as having
completed a training course on disaster protection management, and who are in a managerial or supervisory position where they can appropriately carry out theoperations necessary for disaster protection management at disaster prevention properties.

7Section 1.

In cases where violations of fire prevention laws orordinances are discovered as a result of these onsite
inspections, the fire chief or fire station chief work to
redress these violations to bring them back into legal
compliance, such as by issuing warnings or otherremedial instructions, orders, and so on.
Particularly for specified violating properties (thisrefers to specified fire prevention properties with a floorarea of 1,500 m2 or more or unspecified fire prevention
properties with 11 or more floors, excluding thebasement, where sprinkler systems, indoor fire hydrants,
or automatic fire alarms have not been installed in a
majority of the sections where such equipment must be
installed), strict guidance is imposed based on theseverity of the violation, such as those that pose asignificant hazard to human life in the event that a fireshould break out.
As of March 31, 2015, there were 331 specified
violating properties, and so therefore it is necessary tocontinue working to thoroughly correct these
violations in a focused manner.

Fire Prevention

municipal governments based on the ordinances of said
municipalities. This is aimed at fire prevention
properties that have unspecified large numbers ofpeople coming and going that have not yet installedsprinkler systems, indoor fire hydrants, or automatic fire
alarms, despite being obligated to do so. Thisannouncement system was initiated in all
ordinance-designated cities starting from April 2015.

6.
6.

Fire Defence Equipment etc.
Fire Defence Equipment etc.

(1) Current Status of Fire Prevention Approval
Fire prevention approval is a system that wasestablished with the goal of boosting the safety ofbuildings by having personnel from firefighting
agencies get involved in fire prevention for buildings
starting from the design stage in their capacity as
experts on fire prevention.
When it comes to the operation of this system, thefirefighting agencies offer finely-detailed examinations
and instructions based on legal regulations related tobuilding fire prevention from the perspective of fire
prevention safety and firefighting activities. They also
work to enhance structures and strengthen cooperationfor ensuring that this work is handled promptly.
The number of cases processed regarding fire
prevention approval work throughout Japan in FY2014
came to 244,681, with only 37 of these failing toreceive approval (Table 1-1-35).

(2) Initiation of the New Fire Safety
Certification Mark System

This new labeling system, which fire defense headquarters
throughout Japan were notified of in October 2013, provides
users with information on a building’s compliance with laws
and ordinances related to fire prevention and construction.
Applications began being tendered and received on April 1,
2014, and hotels, Japanese-style hotels, and other facilities
began sequentially putting the marks out on display starting(2) Current Status for the Installation of Fire
from August 1. Visitors to the FDMA’s homepage can check to
Defence Equipment etc.
confirm hotels that have been issued the Fire Safety
The Fire Services Act states that the relevant
Certification Mark throughout Japan (reference URL:
personnel from fire prevention properties must install
http://www.fdma.go.jp/kasai_yobo/hyoujiseido/index.html).
and properly maintain the necessary fire defence(3) Initiation of a System for Publicly
equipment etc. according to the purpose, size,
Announcing Violating Properties
structure, and capacity of the property in question.
The System for Publicly Announcing Violating
A look at the installation status for primary fire
Properties, which came about through a notification
defence equipment etc. in specified fire prevention
from December 2013, is a system for announcing theproperties throughout Japan reveals that, as of Marchdetails of legal violations on the homepages of31, 2015, the installation rate for sprinkler systems(number installed/number that needs to be installed)
was 99.6%, while that for automatic fire alarms was
98.0% (Table 1-1-36).
Table 1-1-35

Fire prevention approval processing status(Cases)Breakdown
Gist ofapplication

Approved
FY2013

Unapproved
FY2014FY2013Total
FY2014FY2013

FY2014

New construction

235,838

215,35933

29

235,871

215,388

Enlargement

23,296

20,85810

523,306

20,863

Reconstruction

1,149

928

2

1

1,151

929

Relocation

137

143

0

0

137

143

Repair

98

115

0

0

98

115

Remodeling

147

126

0

0

147

126

Change of purpose

3,414

3,807

7

2

3,421

3,809

Other

3,770

3,308

1

0

3,771

3,308

Total

267,849244,6445337267,902244,681(Notes)

Prepared based on the Survey on the Actual Conditions of Fire Prevention Properties

8

Table 1-1-36 Installation status for sprinkler systems and automatic fire alarms in specified
fire prevention properties throughout Japan(As of March 31, 2015)
Equipment typeClassification of properties
under fire prevention measures(1)

Equipment
condition(3)

No. that needs to
No. installed
be installed

Automatic fire alarms

No. ofviolations

installation rate(%)

No. that needs to
be installed

No. ofviolations

No. installed

installationrate(%)

a. Theaters, etc.

766

762

4

99.5

3,676

3,661

15

99.6

b. Public halls, etc.

549

546

3

99.5

31,24931,151

98

99.7

a. Cabarets, etc.

5

4

1

80.0

491

465

26

94.7

695

684

11

98.4

9,919

9,880

39

99.6

c. Stores engaged in sex-related
businesses, etc.

0

0

0

175

171

4

97.7

d. Karaoke box and stores, etc.

12

12

0

100.0

2,775

2,698

77

97.2

a. Restaurants, etc.

6

6

0

100.0

2,379

2,294

85

96.4

103

102

1

99.0

35,311

34,418893

97.5

b. Game centers, etc.
(2)

Sprinkler systems

b. Eating and drinking houses(4)

Department stores, etc.

7,417

7,366

51

99.3

88,01786,541

1,476

98.3

(5)

a. Hotels, etc.

1,996

1,988

8

99.6

45,08944,689400

99.1

a. Hospitals, etc.

6,979

6,967

12

99.8

40,57840,418160

99.6

b. Special elderly nursing homes,
etc.

33,83233,722

110

99.7

41,11240,942170

99.6

c. Elderly daycare centers, etc.

(6)

1,439

1,438

1

99.9

46,771

46,641130

99.7

d. Kindergartens, etc.

190

189

1

99.5

15,927

15,875

52

99.7

(9)

a. Special bathhouses

14

14

0

100.0

1,452

1,443

9

99.4

(16)

a. Specified multipurpose fire
prevention properties

16,751

16,673

78

99.5

191,230

183,790

7,440

96.1

(16-2)

Underground malls

60

60

0

100.0

64

64

0

100.0

(16-3)

Semi-underground malls

4

4

0

100.0

5

5

0

100.0

70,81870,537281

99.6

556,220545,146

11,07498.0

Total(Notes)12Prepared based on the Survey on the Actual Conditions of Fire prevention Properties.
Because of the influence of the Great East Japan Earthquake, the numbers for the Fire Defense Headquarters of Rikuzentakata City of
Iwate Prefecture and the Fire Defense Headquarters of the Inter-municipal Association of the Futaba Region in Fukushima Prefecture
were excluded from the calculation.

With respect to the technical standards pertaining tofire defence equipment etc., regulations are being
successively set in place in accordance withtechnological progress and societal demands.
Recently, a fire occurred at a group home for elderly
people with dementia in Nagasaki City, Nagasaki
Prefecture in February 2013 (that left five people deadand seven injured). In light of this, it was mandated
that social welfare facilities that mainly house people
who would have difficulty evacuating on their own
must install sprinkler systems as a general rule,
regardless of their floor area. The installation of these
sprinkler systems has been carried out since April 1,2015 as a result of the Partial Revision of the Order for
Enforcement of the Fire Service Act (promulgated on
December 27, 2013) and other legislation. To carry
this out, transitional measures were established, whichstate that these are to be installed on existing facilities
by March 31, 2018.
Moreover, a fire occurred at a medical clinic withbeds in Fukuoka City, Fukuoka Prefecture in October
2013 (which left ten people dead and five injured). In
light of this, it was mandated that medical clinics withbeds and hospitals with patients that require assistancein order to evacuate must also install sprinkler systems
as a general rule, regardless of their floor area. The
installation ofthese sprinkler systems has been carried out sinceApril 1, 2016 as a result of the Partial Revision of theOrder for Enforcement of the Fire Service Act(promulgated on October 16, 2014) and otherlegislation. To carry this out, transitional measures
were established which state that these are to beinstalled on existing facilities by June 30, 2025.
For properties in violation of fire prevention laws
and ordinances, such as those in violation of theobligation to install fire defence equipment etc., orders
for them to take measures pursuant to the Fire Services
Act are proactively issued and the prompt andeffective remediation of the violation is further
promoted.
(3) Fire Protection Engineers and Fire
Protection Inspectors
Efforts are made to ensure the performance of fire
defence equipment etc. via inspection system for fire
protection machinery and tools. However, if there are
deficiencies or defects at the installation stage, thensuch equipment will be rendered incapable ofperforming properly when a fire does occur. To
prevent such circumstances, the installation andmaintenance of certain fire defence equipment etc. canonly be performed by fire protection engineers.

9Section 1.

What is more, fire defence equipment etc. must be
properly maintained on a daily basis to ensure that it iscapable of performing at any and all times. As a result,it has been mandated that periodic inspections be
performed and the results of these be reported. These
inspections premised on maintaining the equipment
require knowledge and skills with regards to the fire
defence equipment etc.. Therefore, the relevant
personnel from the fire prevention properties musthave fire protection engineers or fire protection
inspectors (people who have completed certain training
courses offered by corporations that have beenregistered by the Commissioner of the FDMA andbeen issued a fire protection inspector certificate)perform the inspections on the fire defence equipment
etc..
Efforts are made to improve the quality of these fire
protection engineers and fire protection inspectors bymandating that they undergo re-training at certain
fixed intervals after they have received their license inorder for them to acquire new knowledge and skills
concerning the fire defence equipment etc.. Moreover,these people will be ordered to return their license or
face a similar punishment in the event that they violate
any of the fire prevention laws or ordinances.
As of March 31, 2015, the total number of fire
protection engineers came to 1,089,877. In addition,
the number of special fire protection inspectors cameto 652 special inspectors (for special fire defence
equipment etc.), 146,533 Class 1 inspectors (formechanical systems) and 138,202 Class 2 inspectors(for electrical systems).
Programs for displaying that inspections have been
performed, in which inspection certificates of completionverifying that inspections of fire defence equipment etc.
have been properly carried out are posted, have been
independently instituted at the prefectural level. This isdone in an effort to clarify the responsibilities for
performing inspections and have the relevant personnel
from fire prevention properties perform the proper
inspections.

Fire Prevention

properties use goods with the prescribed flame
retardant performance (hereafter referred to as “flame
retardant goods”) for the curtains, stage curtains,
plywood display boards, carpets, and other goods used(hereafter referred to as “goods under the flame
retardancy requirement”).
As of March 31, 2015, the number of flame
retardancy and fire prevention properties came to980,031. The conformance rate (share of the flame
retardancy and fire prevention properties where flame
retardant goods are used for all of the goods under theflame retardancy requirements at said properties) atflame retardancy and fire prevention properties using
curtains and stage curtains came to 87.5%, while it was
86.6% at those using carpets, and 83.7% at those using
plywood display boards.
B. Public Awareness of Flame Retardant Goods for
Bedding and Other Goods
Aside from those goods under the flame retardancy
requirement stipulated in the Fire Services Act such as
curtains and carpets, using fireproof goods for futons,
pajamas, the body covers for automobiles andmotorcycles, and more is also extremely effective forpreventing fires. Therefore, the FDMA spreads publicawareness of these by uploading videos detailing theeffects from these flame retardant goods to its
homepage (reference URL:
http://www.fdma.go.jp/html/life/yobou_contents/materials/).
(5) Regulations for Equipment and Tools thatUse Fire
From the perspective of fire prevention, thelocation, construction, management, and handling ofequipment and tools that use fire, including home gas
burners, stoves, hot-water heaters, fireplaces, kitchenequipment, and sauna equipment, are regulated via thefire prevention ordinances established by eachmunicipality. These are established pursuant to the
Ministerial Ordinance Establishing Standards for
Enacting Ordinances on the Location, Construction,and Management of Eligible Equipment that Uses Fireand the Handling of Eligible Tools that Use Fire (2002
Ministry of Internal Affairs and Communications
Ministerial Ordinance No. 24; hereafter referred to as
the “Ministerial Ordinance on Eligible Equipment andTools that Use Fire”).
In November 2015, the Ministerial Ordinance on
Eligible Equipment and Tools that Use Fire wasrevised on account of the circulation of new equipment
and tools like high output IH cookware. For this, thedecision was made to newly establish standards
regarding the safe distance for fire prevention (offset
distance) that should be maintained between
flammable objects and the like when such equipment
and tools are installed (entered into force on April 1,
2016).

(4) Flame Retardancy Regulations
A. Usage Status for Flame Retardant Goods
Using goods that resist catching fire for various
objects that tend to be easily flammable withinbuildings prevents fires from breaking out andsimultaneously checks the spread of fires during theirinitial stages when they do occur. As such, this isextremely effective when it comes to preventing fires.
Therefore, fire prevention properties that must give
forethought to fire prevention due to their structuralfeatures or configuration, such as high-rise buildings
and underground malls, as well as fire prevention
properties like theaters, hotels, and hospitals that areused by large unspecified numbers of people andpeople requiring special consideration have been
designated as “flame retardancy and fire prevention
properties.” The Fire Services Act mandates that these

10

7.
7.

Inspection System for Fire
Protection Machinery and Tools etc.

Table 1-1-39

Inspection application status(FY2014)Classification
Type

Inspection System for Fire Protection Machinery and Tools etc.

(1) Inspections
Fire protection machinery or tools that are subject toinspection (hereafter referred to as “machinery andtools subject to inspection”) are prohibited from being
sold, displayed for commercial purposes, and so forthunless they pass inspections and include a label
indicating this pursuant to the regulations of Article
21-2 of the Fire Services Act.
The machinery and tools subject to inspection
include the 12 items stipulated in Article 37 of theOrder for Enforcement of the Fire Services Act,
including fire extinguishers and enclosed sprinkler
heads.
These inspections consist of “model approval”(approval indicating that the shape and other factors ofthe machinery and fools conform with the technicalspecifications established in ministerial ordinances) and“model compliance inspections” (inspections conductedto confirm that the shape and other factors of theindividual machinery and tools subject to inspection are
identical to the shape and so forth for models of said
equipment that have received model approval) (Table
1-1-39).Moreover, for machinery and tools subject toinspection with regard to the development of newtechnologies, inspections can be carried out via thetechnical specifications established by the Minister ofInternal Affairs and Communications for those items
that conform to the technical standards established bysaid ministerial ordinance in terms of their shape or the
like, or those acknowledged as having performance thatmeets or exceeds this level. Through this, the aim is toenhance the inspection system so as to promotetechnological innovation with these machinery and tools
subject to inspection.
Regarding the inspection system, it came to lightthat cases of misconduct occurred in October 2008,
including test samples being secretly switched out
during model compliance inspections for fire hoses.
Moreover, in March 2010 it was discovered that
fire-extinguishing foam used in the compressed air
foam apparatuses on fire trucks that had not beeninspected was being sold. As part of the public service
corporation program review carried out in May 2010,
evaluation results were issued to the effect thatreassessments were to be made with a view towards
expanding both voluntary screenings and the increased
involvement of the private sector when it comes toinspections.

No. of model
testapplications(applications)No. of model
alteration test
applications(applications)No. of model
complianceinspection
applications(items)No. of passing
model complianceinspections(items)(1) Fireextinguishers

Large

12

3

38,83939,997

Small

77

7

6,119,246

5,428,900(2) Fireextinguishing
agent for fire
extinguishers

For large
ones

1,932

2,043

14

―
257,542

277,99812―

2,086,000

2,071,240

Detectors

70

2

7,049,084

6,945,599

Sounders

82319,490

334,103(5) Code Transmitter

24

2446,564

447,613(6) Control Panel

19

11

516,348

521,709(7) Residential fire alarms

135

7

3,303,812

2,549,647(8) Enclosed sprinkler heads

6

6

2,891,321

2,826,220(9) Water flow detectors

9932,21331,930(10) Deluge valve

6021,81221,094(11) Metal evacuation ladders

72

147,004

151,539

For smallones(3) Fire-extinguishing foam
(4) Fire alarms(12) Escape slings

0

0

6,077

5,570

Total

399

51

23,237,284

21,655,202(Notes)12Prepared based on the Japan Fire Equipment Inspection
Institute.
Model tests (model alteration tests): These are tests
conducted by the Japan Fire Equipment Inspection
Institute or registered inspection bodies on whether or notmachinery and tools subject to inspection which are trying
to receive model approval conform to the technicalstandards.

Based on this, the Act for Partial Revision of theFire Services Act was promulgated on June 27, 2012.
This established collection orders via the Minister ofInternal Affairs and Communications and strengthened
penal provisions in cases where machinery and tools
subject to inspection not in compliance with thestandards or which lacked labels indicating theircompliance were circulating on the market. It also
relaxed requirements in order to promote the entry ofprivate companies into the registered inspection bodymarket, among its other stipulations.
Moreover, the Partial Revision of the Order for the
Enforcement of the Fire Services Act (promulgated on
March 27, 2013) made machinery and tools subject toinspections, mainly the fire hoses and couplers used by
firefighting agencies and the electric leak alarms, forwhich there has been declining need due to changes in
the configurations of buildings, items that are subject
to self-labeling. At the same time, it also newly added
residential fire alarms, which are required to beinstalled in all homes, to the machinery and tools
subject to inspection (entered into force on April 1,
2014).
(2) Self-labelingWith the self-labeling system, it is the responsibility ofthe manufacturers to confirm their compliance withspecifications on their own according to theregulations in Article 21-16 (3) of the Fire Services
Act. The system also gives approval for labelingmodels that have been reported to the Minister ofInternal Affairs and Communications in advance. The
number of reports from manufacturers in FY2014
came to 11 for power fire pumps, 589 for fire hoses, 4
for fire suction hoses, 399 for couplers, 3 fordisposable aerosol fire extinguishers, and 66 forelectric leak alarms.

11Section 1.

Machinery and tools that are subject to self-labeling(hereafter referred to as “machinery and tools subject
to self-labeling”) are prohibited from being sold,displayed for commercial purposes, and so forth unlessthey include a label pursuant to the regulations ofArticle 21-16 (2) of the Fire Services Act. Similar tomachinery and tools subject to inspection, the Act for
Partial Revision of the Fire Services Act (promulgatedon June 27, 2012) established collection orders via the
Minister of Internal Affairs and Communications andstrengthened penal provisions for machinery and tools
subject to self-labeling not in compliance with thestandards or which lacked labels indicating theircompliance.
Items that fall under the category of machinery andtools subject to self-labeling include power fire pumps
and fire suction hoses. Furthermore, as a result of thePartial Revision of the Order for Enforcement of theFire Services Act (promulgated on March 27, 2013)
and other legislation, the fire hoses, couplers, andelectric leak alarms that had previously been counted
as machinery and tools subject to inspection, as well as
the disposable aerosol fire extinguishers that are
generally in widespread circulation but which
frequently suffer from rupture accidents and the like,were newly added to this category (entered into force
on April 1, 2014).

8.
8.

Fire Prevention

These are “initial spread inhibition performance,”
which is performance for inhibiting the spread of fires
during the initial stages, “evacuation safety support
performance,” which is performance that supports
safely evacuating during fires, and “firefighting
activity support performance,” which is performancethat supports the activities of firefighting teams. A
certain body of knowledge has been gained regardingthese, on which their equivalence is evaluated via
objective verification methods (methods of objectively
and impartially verifying newly developed
technologies and technical innovations) and so forth.
At the same time, a certification system via the
Minister of Internal Affairs and Communications has
been established aimed at equipment for which
evaluations of its equivalence cannot be performed
solely through the existing objective verification
methods (such as special fire defence equipment etc.).
Under this system, applications are made for each
property under fire prevention measures regarding
special fire defence equipment etc. for which generalinspection standards have not have established. The
Minister of Internal Affairs and Communications willthen perform an examination based on the evaluation
results from a performance evaluation agency (theJapan Fire Equipment Inspection Institute or aregistered inspection body), and equipment that has
been acknowledged as having the necessary level of
performance can be installed. As of March 31, 2015,
58 cases have received certification thus far as special
fire defence equipment etc..
The expectation is that, by applying theseregulations, new equipment that uses new technologies
will be proactively developed and disseminated.

Performance Inspections ofTechnical Standard for Fire
Defence Equipment etc.
Performance Inspections of Technical Standard for Fire Defence Equipment etc.

When it comes to the technical standards for fire
defence equipment etc., oftentimes details likematerials or dimensions are prescribed in specification
documents or the like. This makes it difficult for new
technologies to gain acceptance, even when they offer
satisfactory performance. Therefore, technicaldevelopment for the fields of fire and other disasterprevention is promoted and performance regulations
are adopted to ensure that even more effective fire
prevention and safety measures can be established.
The basic philosophy behind this is to judge
whether equipment offers performance that is at or
above the level of performance of the installed fire
defence equipment etc. based on the conventional
technical standards. Equipment that has been
confirmed to be at or above the conventional
performance level is approved for installation in placeof the existing fire defence equipment etc..
The performance demanded of fire defence
equipment etc. is divided up into three categories.

9.
9.

Current Status of Investigations
into the Causes of Fires
Current Status for Investigations into the Causes of Fires

Advances in science and technology have brought
about increasing sophistication for industry andchanges in social conditions. This has resulted in atendency for fires that are large in scale and whichassume aspects of complexity to occur with great
frequency, and so investigating the causes behind theserequires sophisticated expertise. What is more,investigating the causes of fires and illuminating theextent of the damage caused by both fires andfirefighting are crucial when it comes to examining
modalities for subsequent fire prevention
administration.

12

Investigating the causes of fires is unequivocally therole of local governments, but it is the duty of thenational government to complement them in this. In
cases where there has been a request from afirefighting agency, or the Commissioner of the
FDMA has deemed that there is a particular necessity
in doing so, an investigation into the causes of a fire
can be carried out by the Commissioner of the FDMA
(see White Paper P285). Investigation teams formed
from personnel from the FDMA according to the typeof fire carry out the investigations into the causes ofthe fire through this system in coordination with
firefighting agencies. Reviews are conducted based on
the knowledge and data obtained from theinvestigations, and this is reflected in policies forfire defense administration. Cases where responses
such as revising fire prevention laws and ordinanceswere carried out based on the results of investigations
into the causes of fires by the Commissioner of the
FDMA that were carried out recently are shown in
Table 1-1-41.
In an effort to improve the effectiveness ofinvestigations into the causes of fires regarding
product fires, the Act for Partial Revision of the Fire
Services Act (Law No. 38 from 2012) granted
firefighting agencies the right to issue an order tosubmit materials to manufacturers and importers andthe right to collect information from them (entered into
force on April 1, 2013).

Table 1-1-41 Investigations into the causes of fires by the Commissioner of the FDMA thatwere recently conducted and responses based on the results of these
Date of fire

Location

Building
purpose, etc

Responses by FDMA1

May 13, 2012

Fukuyama
City,
Hiroshima
Prefecture

Hotel
(10
casualties)

Revised the Order for Enforcement of the Fire Services Act and other legislation,and strengthened installation standards for automatic fire alarms. Also restructured
and began applying a labeling system that provides users with information onbuildings that conform to the fire prevention standards in fire prevention laws andordinances.

2

February 8, 2013

Nagasaki City,
NagasakiPrefectureGroup home(12casualties)

Revised the Order for Enforcement of the Fire Services Act and other legislation.
Strengthened installation standards for sprinkler systems and mandated that
automatic fire alarms and fire notification alarms be interlinked.

3

August 15, 2013

Fukuchiyama
City, Kyoto
Prefecture

Fireworks
festival(59
casualties)

Revised the Order for Enforcement of the Fire Services Act and the Fire Prevention
Ordinance (Example). Mandated the submission of plans related to operations
necessary for fire prevention at outdoor event venues at or above a certain size,
and mandated that fire extinguishers be prepared.

October 11, 2013

Fukuoka City,
Fukuoka
Prefecture

Medical clinic(15
casualties)

Revised the Order for Enforcement of the Fire Services Act and other legislation.
Reassessed the installation standards for fire extinguishing equipment, indoor fire
hydrants, sprinkler systems, power fire pump equipment, and fire alarms that notify
firefighting agencies.

№

4

10.
10.

was discovered that of the total of 857 product fires,
174 were fires deemed to have been caused by productdefects, 526 were fires where the cause could not be
identified, and 157 were fires that are still currently
under investigation.
The results of these investigations are reported to
firefighting agencies throughout Japan. Furthermore,
the collected fire information is shared between theConsumer Affairs Agency, the Ministry of Economy,
Trade and Industry, the Ministry of Land,
Infrastructure, Transport and Tourism, and the
National Institute of Technology and Evaluation(NITE), which work together to promote
countermeasures to product fires.
What is more, with respect to investigations into thecauses of fires carried out by firefighting agencies
throughout Japan, efforts are also being made to
improve the investigation skills of the firefighting
agencies. Examples of this include providing themwith technical support such as scientific investigation
based on the expert knowledge and equipment andmaterials of the National Research Institute of Fire andDisaster and so forth. In addition to working toenhance investigations into the causes of fires and thePromoting Countermeasures to
Product Fires
Promoting Countermeasures to Product Fires

In recent years, as the causes of fires has grown
extremely diverse, the products close to the generalpublic in their daily lives have begun causing fires as
well, including automobiles and other vehicles,
electronic appliances, and burning appliances. Given
the strong demands to ensure consumer safety andpeace of mind, the FDMA has been strengthening its
initiatives to combat these product fires.
For such fires, the FDMA has established a structure
whereby it collects fire information from firefighting
agencies in a comprehensive manner and aggregates
the number of fires for each type of product which
serve as the ignition source. It then provides the publicwith warnings and alerts quickly and effectively byannouncing information like the names of faulty
products and their manufacturers every quarter.
The fires involving automobiles and other vehicles,
as well as electronic appliances and burning
appliances, that occurred in 2014 (January - December2014) were aggregated based on what was reported by
firefighting agencies. From this, it

13Section 1.

structures for this, the FDMA also strives toproactively collect information on product fires andstrengthen collaborations with the relevant agencies.
Through this, it is moving forward with ensuringconsumer safety and peace of mind, while also
preventing fire accidents caused by products.

Following this, the Order for Enforcement of the Fire
Services Act was revised in December 2013 and theFire Prevention Ordinance (Example) was revised in
January 2014 in order to promote fire prevention
measures at outdoor event venues. These mandated
initiatives like preparing fire extinguishers whenhandling equipment that use fire at outdoor event
venues and the like, and appointing managers for fire
prevention at those large-scale outdoor and similar
events that have been specially designated by fire
chiefs. It also mandated that plans for the operations
necessary for fire prevention be prepared andsubmitted.

Promoting Fire Prevention

11. Measures at Outdoor Event
Venues11.

Fire Prevention

Promoting Fire Prevention Measures at Outdoor Event Venues

In August 15, 2013, a fire broke out at the venue fora fireworks show in Fukuchiyama City, Kyoto, thatinvolved enormous human suffering in the sense that 3
people died and 56 were injured.

14

Chapter 1

Section2

Current Status and Challenges with Disasters

Countermeasures to Disasters
at Facilities for Hazardous
Materials

Section 2 Countermeasures to Disasters at Facilities for Hazardous Materials

operating checks account for the majority of the[Current Status of and Recent Trends in Disasters at primarycauses for these. However, accidents causedby physical factors such as design defects are also on
Facilities for Hazardous Materials]
an upswing.
[Current Status of and Recent Trends in Disasters at Facilities for Hazardous Materials] White Paper P.86-88

Accidents at facilities for hazardous materials arebroadly classified into fires (including explosions) andspills of hazardous materials. The number of fire andspillage accidents at facilities for hazardous materials
have been trending upward since 1994. In 2014
(January 1 - December 31, 2014), there were 203 fires
and 396 spills for a total of 599 accidents. This is 35
more accidents than the previous year, which meansthat accidents are still holding steady at a high level(Fig. 1-2-1).

1.
1.

(1) Number of Fire Accidents at Facilities for
Hazardous Materials and the Damage Done
The number of fire accidents that occurred at
facilities for hazardous materials in 2014 came to 203(an increase of 15 year-on-year), the amount ofdamages came to 2,140 million yen (a decrease of
2,194 million yen year-on-year), and they left 1 person
dead (a decrease of 6 people year-on-year) and 64
people injured (an increase of 9 people year-on-year)(Fig. 1-2-2).
Moreover, looking at the number of fire accidents that
occurred by type of facility for hazardous materials
reveals that the majority occurred at general outlets,
followed by manufacturing facilities and fuel supply
depots in that order. The total for these 3 facility
classifications account for 92.6% of the total accidents(Fig. 1-2-3). Conversely, of the 203 fire accidents 116(or 57.1% of the total) were cases where a hazardous
material served as the causative agent for the fire (Fig.
1-2-4).

Fire Accidents
Fire Accidents

The number of fire accidents that occurred at
facilities for hazardous materials in 2014 rose byroughly 1.9-times compared with the 107 such
accidents in 1993, which had the lowest number of fire
accidents since 1989, despite the fact that the numberof facilities for hazardous materials has decreased.
Accidents attributable to human factors such as
inadequate maintenance and inadequate
Fig. 1-2-1
materials

Trends in the number of fire and spillage accidents at facilities for hazardous

15

Section 1.

Fire Prevention

Fig. 1-2-2 Number of fire accidents at facilities for hazardous materials and the extent of thedamage done

Fig. 1-2-3 Number of fire accidents by typeof facility for hazardous materials

Fig. 1-2-4 Number of fire accidents by
causative agent for the fire(2) Causative Factors behind the Fire
Accidents at Facilities for Hazardous
Materials(3) Fire Accidents at Unauthorized Facilities

A look at the causative factors behind the fire
accidents at facilities for hazardous materials that
occurred in 2014 reveals that human factors accounted
for 61.1%; physical factors accounted for 28.1%; andthe total for other causes, unknown, and underinvestigation came to 10.8% (Fig. 1-2-5).
When viewed by ignition source, those ignited bystatic electricity sparks were most common at 42 (anincrease of 7 year-on-year), followed by 33 fromhigh-temperature surface heat (an increase of 14
year-on-year) and 22 from ignition due to overheating(a decrease of 6 year-on-year) (Fig. 1-2-6).

The number of fire accidents that occurred at
facilities which were supposed to receive authorization
as facilities for hazardous materials yet which failed to
do so (hereafter referred to as “unauthorizedfacilities”) in 2014 came to six (an increase of one
year-on-year), and they left one person dead (adecrease of one year-on-year) and five injured (thesame year-on-year).

16

Fig. 1-2-5 Number of fire accidents by
causative factor

had the lowest number of spillage accidents since
1989, despite the fact that the number of facilities forhazardous materials has decreased. As for the primarycausative factors, accidents attributable to humanfactors and those caused by physical factors both occur
in large numbers. However, of those accidents causedby physical factors, the number caused by age-related
deterioration, such as corrosion fatigue, in particular
are on the rise.
(1) Number of Spillage Accidents at Facilities
for Hazardous Materials and the Damage
Done
The number of spillage accidents involving
hazardous materials that occurred at facilities forhazardous materials (which did not turn into fires) in2014 came to 396 (an increase of 20 year-on-year), theamount of damages came to 424 million yen (adecrease of 15 million yen year-on-year), and they
resulted in no death (the same year-on-year) but left 25
people injured (an increase of 7 people year-on-year)(Fig. 1-2-7).
Moreover, looking at the number of spillage
accidents that occurred by type of facility for
hazardous materials reveals that the majority occurredat general outlets, followed by transfer storage tanks
and outdoor storage tanks in that order (Fig. 1-2-8).
Conversely, 98.2% of the number of spillage
accidents at facilities for hazardous materials involved
spills of Class 4 hazardous materials, which consist
primarily of petroleum products. Viewing this item typereveals that Class 2 petroleums (light oil, etc.) accounts
for most of these, followed by Class 3 petroleums(heavy oil, etc.), Class 1 petroleums (gasoline, etc.), andClass 4 petroleums (gear oil, etc.) in that order (Fig.
1-2-9).

Fig. 1-2-6 Number of fire accidents byignition source(2) Causative Factors behind the Spillage
Accidents at Facilities for Hazardous
Materials

Continuing on from 2013, no fire accidents during
the temporary storage or handling of hazardous
materials occurred in 2014.

A look at the causative factors behind the spillage
accidents at facilities for hazardous materials that
occurred in 2014 reveals that human factors accounted
for 31.6%; physical factors accounted for 57.3%; andthe total for other causes, unknown, and underinvestigation came to 11.1% (Fig. 1-2-10).
When viewed by causative factor, those caused bydeterioration such as corrosion fatigue were mostcommon at 148 (an increase of 7 year-on-year),followed by 53 from inadequate operating checks (anincrease of 6 year-on-year) and 38 from damage (anincrease of 7 year-on-year) (Fig. 1-2-10).

2.

(3) Spillage Accidents at Unauthorized
Facilities(4) Fire Accidents during the Transportation ofHazardous Materials
No fire accidents during the transportation of
hazardous materials occurred in 2014.
(5) Fire Accidents during Temporary Storage
or Handling2.

Spillage Accidents

The number of spillage accidents that occurred atunauthorized facilities in 2014 came to three (adecrease of one year-on-year), with no casualties(same number of dead and injured people
year-on-year).

Spillage Accidents

The number of spillage accidents involving
hazardous materials that occurred at facilities forhazardous materials in 2014 rose by roughly 2.3-times
compared with the 174 such accidents in 1994, which

17Section 1.

Fire Prevention

Fig. 1-2-7 Number of spillage accidents at facilities for hazardous materials and the extent of
the damage done

Fig. 1-2-8 Number of spillage accidents bytype of facility for hazardous materials

Fig. 1-2-9 Number of spillage accidents bymaterial spilled18

Fig. 1-2-10 Number of spillage accidents by
causative factor[Current Status of Hazardous Materials Administration][Current Status of Hazardous Materials Administration] White Paper P.88-94

1.
1.

Regulations on Hazardous
Materials
Regulations on Hazardous Materials(1) Regulatory Structure for Hazardous
Materials
The Fire Services Act designates substances withproperties such as: (1) Carrying a significant risk of
causing a fire, (2) Carrying a significant risk of
spreading a fire once one starts, and (3) Being difficult
to extinguish when a fire does break out, as “hazardous
materials.”*10 Enacting safety regulations for the
storage, handling and transportation of these hazardous
materials has been posited as contributing to thepromotion of social welfare by preventing fires;protecting the lives, health, and property of the publicfrom fires; and mitigating the damage from fires.
Regulations concerning hazardous materials have been
instituted in a uniform manner throughout Japanthrough the partial revisions to the Fire Services Act of1959 and by enacting cabinet orders on regulations forhazardous materials. Since then, efforts like revising
the relevant legislation to ensure that it contains
content like establishing necessary and sufficienttechnical standards that are safer for facilities forhazardous materials*11 have sequentially(4) Spillage Accidents during theTransportation of Hazardous Materials
The number of spillage accidents that occurred
during the transportation of hazardous materials in2014 came to 12 (a decrease of 3 year-on-year), andwhile there were no deaths (the same year-on-year)
five people were injured (an increase of 5
year-on-year).

*10 Hazardous materials: The Fire Services Act (Article 2-7) defines them as such: “The term ‘hazardous materials’ means the materials listed in the Names of
Items column of Appended Table 1, which have the properties listed in the Nature column of said table according to the Categories specified in said table.”
Moreover, the properties of each hazardous material are defined for each type in the “Remarks” to Appended Table I of the Fire Services Act.

[Hazardous materials listed in Appended Table I and their characteristics]
Category

NatureProperties
These are solids that do not burn themselves, but which have theproperty of causing other substances to oxidize powerfully. When mixed
with inflammable materials, they degrade as a result of heat, impacts, or
friction, and give rise to extremely intense combustion.
These are solids that easily ignite from fire or solids that easily catch fireat relatively low temperatures (less than 40°C). They easily catch fire,are quick to combust, and are difficult to extinguish.

Category 1

Oxidizing solids

Category 2

Combustible solids

Category 3

Spontaneously
combustible
substances andwater-reactive
substances

These substances spontaneously combust when exposed to air, or
either combust or generate combustible gasses when they come into
contact with water.

Sodium, alkyl aluminum, yellow
phosphorous

Category 4

Inflammable liquids

These are liquids that are inflammable.

Gasoline, kerosene, light oil, heavy
oil, acetone, methanol

Category 5

Self-reactive
substances

Category 6

Oxidizing liquids

These are solids or liquids that generate large quantities of heat at
relatively low temperatures or promote explosive reactions as a result of
thermolysis and other reactions.
These are liquids that do not burn themselves, but which have theproperty of promoting the combustion of other flammable substances
they are mixed with.

Representative substances
Sodium chlorate, potassium nitrate,
ammonium nitrate
Red phosphorous, sulfur, ironpowder, solid alcohol, lacquer putty

Nitroglycerin, trinitrotoluen,hydroxylamine
Perchloric acid, hydrogen peroxide,
nitric acid

*11 Facilities for hazardous materials: These are facilities that have received authorization from municipal mayors and similar officials as facilities that store or
handle hazardous materials at or above the quantities specified in the Fire Services Act. As described below, they are classified into three types: manufacturing
facilities, storage facilities, and handling facilities.
Classification
Details
Manufacturing facilities
Facilities that manufacture hazardous materials (Ex.: Chemical plants, oil refineries)
Indoor storage facilities
Store hazardous materials inside buildings
Outdoor storage tanks
Store hazardous materials in tanks located outdoors (Ex.: oil tanks)
Indoor storage tanks
Store hazardous materials in tanks located indoors
Storage facilities
Underground storage tanks
Store hazardous materials in tanks located below the ground’s surface
Simple storage tanks
Stores hazardous materials in small tanks less than 600 L
Transfer storage tanks
Store hazardous materials in tanks that have been affixed to vehicles (Ex.: Tanker trucks)
Outdoor storage facilities
Store certain hazardous materials in containers in outdoor locations
Fuel supply depots
Handling facilities that fuel vehicles and the like (Ex.: Gas stations)
Sales handling facilities
Stores that sell containers full of hazardous materials
Handling facilities
Transfer handling facilities
Handling facilities that transfer hazardous materials through pipes (Ex.: Pipelines)
General outlets
Handling facilities other than the three types of handling facilities above (Ex.: Boilers,
private power generators)

19

Section 1.

been carried out in striving to thoroughly ensure safetyat such facilities.
An overview of the regulations on hazardous
materials is shown below (Fig. 1-2-11).
• Hazardous materials of volumes at or above thedesignated quantities (the quantity at whichauthorization is necessary to store or handle amaterial as designated by the Fire Services Act)cannot be stored or handled at locations other thanfacilities for hazardous materials. Persons attempting
to establish a facility for hazardous materials mustensure it is in compliance with the standards
Fig. 1-2-11••

regarding its location, structure, and equipment
specified by law, and receive authorization from themunicipal mayor for this.
The transportation of hazardous materials must be
carried out in accordance with the standards for
ensuring safety specified in law, regardless of how
large or small the quantity is.
Standards for the storage and handling of hazardous
materials in volumes less than the designatedquantities are to be established via municipal
ordinances.

Regulatory structure

Storage andhandling

Transport

For quantities at or over those listed in Appended Table III of
the Cabinet Order on Control of Hazardous Materials

Regulated via the Fire Services Act as facilities forhazardous materials
Regulated via the Fire Services Act as temporarystorage or handling in the event it is stored or handledon an extraordinary basis

For quantities less than those listed in Appended Table III of
the Cabinet Order on Control of Hazardous Materials

Regulated via municipal ordinances

Regulated via the Fire Services Act regardless of quantity

the majority at 68.5%, followed by handling facilities
at 30.3% and then manufacturing facilities at 1.2%
(Fig. 1-2-12).

(2) Recent Status for Hazardous Material
Regulations - Omitted(3) Current Status of Facilities for Hazardous
Materials

B. Composition of Facilities for Hazardous
Materials by Size

A. Number of Facilities for Hazardous
Materials

As for the number of facilities by size (according to the
maximum storage quantity or the maximum handlingquantity) of the total number of facilities for hazardous
materials as of March 31, 2015, those facilities forhazardous materials that hold 50-times the designatedquantities or less account for 75.9% of the total (Fig.
1-2-13).

The total number of facilities for hazardous
materials (number of facilities for construction
permits) as of March 31, 2015 came to 422,029 (Table
1-2-1). A look at the share of facilities by theirclassification reveals that storage facilities account for
Table 1-2-1

Fire Prevention

Trends in the number of facilities for hazardous materials(As of March 31 of each year)
Year

Facility

2011
(A)

2012

2013

2014
(B)

2015
(C)

Rate of change (%)(C/A－1)×100(C/B－1)×100

5,152

5,150

5,160

5,154

5,106

−0.9

−0.9

Indoor storage facilities
Outdoor storage tanks
Indoor storage tanks
Underground storage tanks
Simple storage tanks
Transfer storage tanks
Outdoor storage facilities
Subtotal

52,21967,47011,92399,383
1,141
68,746
11,114
311,996

51,516
66,294
11,67996,1201,114
68,29910,953305,975

51,24565,33011,502
91,255
1,101
67,916
10,793299,142

50,88864,206
11,296
87,831
1,060
67,665
10,598
293,544

50,55363,093
11,02185,4991,019
67,49810,351
289,034

−3.2
−6.5
−7.6
−14.0
−10.7
−1.8
−6.9
−7.4

−0.7
−1.7
−2.4
−2.7
−3.9
−0.2
−2.3
−1.5

Fuel supply depots
Class 1 sales handling facilities
Class II sales handling facilities
Transfer handling facilities
General outlets
Subtotal

67,990
1,381
542
1,179
67,589138,681

66,470
1,333
537
1,153
66,659136,152

64,593
1,293
538
1,151
65,041
132,616

63,222
1,245
529
1,142
63,705
129,843

62,269
1,209
518
1,127
62,766
127,889

−8.4
−12.5
−4.4
−4.4
−7.1
−7.8

−1.5
−2.9
−2.1
−1.3
−1.5
−1.5

Total

455,829447,277

436,918

428,541

422,029

−7.4

−1.5

Manufacturing facilities
Storage facilities
Handling facilities

20Fig. 1-2-12 Number of facilities forhazardous materials by classification

Fig. 1-2-13 Composition ratio of facilities forhazardous materials by size(4) Hazardous Material Engineers
Hazardous material engineers are classified into
three types. Class A engineers can handle all
hazardous materials, Class B engineers can handle
types of hazardous materials for which they haveobtained approval, and Class C engineers can handle
designated hazardous materials from among the type 4.
When hazardous material engineers or someone else
handles hazardous materials at facilities for hazardous
materials, a Class A or Class B hazardous material
engineer must be present to ensure safety. As of March
31, 2015 the (cumulative) total number of people whohave passed the hazardous material engineer test since
the hazardous material engineer system was launchedcame to 8,984,911 people. They play a significant rolein ensuring safety at facilities for hazardous materials.

for handling hazardous materials offered by prefectural
governors (safety training courses) within each threeyear period (starting from April 1, 2012, within three
years from the first April 1 since the date on which thehazardous material engineer license was issued or thedate they took the safety training course). In FY2014
safety training courses were held a total of 1,363 times
throughout Japan (a decrease of 11 times
year-on-year), and were attended by 162,977 people (adecrease of 1,319 people year-on-year).
(5) Establishment of Safety Systems at
Business Establishments
As of March 31, 2015, the total number of businessestablishments that owned facilities for hazardous
materials came to 195,210 throughout Japan. In aneffort to establish safety systems at businessestablishments, it has been mandated that the owners
of facilities for hazardous materials that store or handle
hazardous materials at or above certain quantities mustcarry out certain obligations. These include appointing
hazardous materials security superintendents,
appointing safety officers for facilities for hazardous
materials (1,653 business establishments), andpreparing fire and disaster prevention rules (46,022
business establishments). Moreover, it has been
mandated that said business establishments that own
certain facilities for hazardous materials and that store
or handle hazardous materials at or above certain
quantities must establish fire defense organizations forself protection (76 business establishments) andappoint hazardous material safety supervising
managers (200 business establishments).

A. Hazardous Material Engineer Tests
Hazardous material engineer tests were held 547
times throughout Japan in FY2014 (an increase of 14
year-on-year). They were taken by 415,006 people (adecrease of 20,929 people year-on-year), with 158,914
people passing (a decrease of 18,246 people
year-on-year) for an average pass rate of roughly
38.3% (a decrease of 2.3 points year-on-year).
Viewing the situation by test type and category reveals
that 66.4% of the people took the test for Class B,
Type 4, followed by Class C at 9.0% of the total.
These two test types accounted for 75.4% of the total.
The number of people who passed these two test types
accounted for 61.9% of the total.
B. Safety Training Courses
As a general rule, the hazardous material engineers
engaged in handling hazardous materials at facilities
for hazardous materials must take a training course on
safety21

Section 1.

(6) Safety Inspections

2.

It has been mandated that the owners of outdoor
storage tanks and transfer handling facilities at or overa certain size must undergo inspections on the safety offacilities for hazardous materials performed bymunicipal mayors and similar officials (safety
inspections) at regular fixed intervals according tofactors like the facilities’ size. In FY2014, 295 safety
inspections were performed, of which 286 involved
outdoor storage tanks and 9 involved transfer handlingfacilities.

2.

Fire Prevention

Securing Petroleum Pipelines
Securing Petroleum Pipelines(1) Safety Regulations for the Petroleum
Pipeline Business
Regarding those petroleum pipelines which are used
to transport petroleum in response to general demand,
their operators must listen to the opinions of the
Minister of Internal Affairs and Communications
regarding formulating basic plans and businesslicenses in order to ensure safety pursuant to the
Petroleum Pipeline Business Act enacted in 1972.
What is more, the Minister of Internal Affairs andCommunications provides licenses for constructionplans, performs completion inspections, provides
licenses for safety regulations, performs onsite
inspections, and more. The facilities to which thePetroleum Pipeline Business Act apply currently only
include the pipelines transporting airplane fuel to
Narita International Airport, with other pipelines
regulated as transfer handling facilities under the Fire
Services Act.

(7) Onsite Inspections and Orders
Municipal mayors and similar officials can perform
onsite inspections on facilities for hazardous materials
and other such facilities to ensure that theirinstallation, construction, and establishment ofequipment, as well as storage or handling of hazardous
materials, are in compliance with the standards
established in the Fire Services Act. These can be
carried out when said official deems it necessary to
prevent fires that arise consequent upon the storage or
handling of hazardous materials. In FY2014, onsite
inspections were carried out a total of 204,848 times at
186,854 facilities for hazardous materials. In cases
where violations of the Fire Services Act werediscovered as a result of the onsite inspections, thesemunicipal mayors and other officials can issue avariety of different orders to the owners of said
facilities for hazardous materials. These include orders
to comply with regulations on storage and handling,orders to take measures related to standards for
installing, constructing, or establishing equipment, andmore.
In FY2014 municipal mayors or similar officials
issued such orders to take measures in 247 cases.

(2) Ensuring the Safety of Petroleum Pipelines
Safety inspections are carried out periodically on thepipelines transporting airplane fuel to Narita
International Airport pursuant to the Petroleum
Pipeline Business Act. In addition, the business
operators must do everything they possibly can toensure safety, such as having maintenance andinspections carried out in accordance with thetechnical standards established by law.

22

Chapter 1

Section3

Current Status and Challenges with Disasters

Countermeasures to Disasters at
Petroleum Industrial Complexes

Section 3 Countermeasures to Disasters at Petroleum Industrial Complexes

at this by type of accident reveals there[Current Status of and Recent Trends in Disasters wereLooking
104 fires (an increase of 22 year-on-year), 6
explosions (an increase of 1 year-on-year), 135 leaks
at Petroleum Industrial Complexes](an increase of 2 year-on-year), and 8 other accidents[Current Status of and Recent Trends in Disasters at Petroleum Industrial Complexes] White Paper P.96- 97

1.
1.

(a decrease of 1 year-on-year) (Table 1-3-1).
Looking at trends in the number of general
accidents that have occurred reveals that these had
been on a downswing since the enactment of the Act
on the Prevention of Disaster in Petroleum Industrial
Complexes and Other Petroleum Facilities. However,this has been on an upswing since 1994, and thenumber surged in 2006. Since then, it continued to
decline for two years in a row in 2008 and 2009, after
which it once again swung upwards in 2010 before
reaching a record high in 2014.
The number of casualties from accidents that
occurred in 2014 came to 5 deaths and 76 injuries.
Moreover, looking at the causes for general accidents
reveals that 140 accidents (55.3%) were due tophysical factors like the deterioration of facilities andmalfunctions, while 98 accidents (38.7%) were due tohuman factors, such as those on the management oroperating side.

Number of Accidents and Damage
Number of Accidents and Damage

The total number of accidents that occurred at
specified business establishments*12 in petroleum
industrial complexes and other special disasterprevention areas (see White Paper P97; hereafterreferred to as “special disaster prevention areas”) in2014 came to 253. A breakdown of this reveals that
there were zero accidents from earthquakes andtsunamis (hereafter referred to as “earthquake-induced
accidents”) and 253 accidents that were notearthquake-induced (hereafter referred to as “general
accidents”). Compared to the previous year, there wasan increase in both the total number and the number ofgeneral accidents. Limiting the focus to general
accidents in particular reveals that these increased by
25 over the previous year (228 such accidents),
marking the largest number of these to date (Fig.
1-3-1).
Fig. 1-3-1

Trends in the number of accidents that occurred at petroleum industrial complexes*12 Specified business establishments: These refer to Class 1 business establishments (business establishments where 10,000 kiloliters of petroleum or more arestored or handled, or where 2 million cubic meters of high-pressure gas or more are processed) and Class 2 business establishments (business establishments
where 1,000 kiloliters of petroleum or more are stored or handled, or where 200,000 cubic meters of high-pressure gas or more are processed).

23

Section 1.

Table 1-3-1

Fire Prevention

Accidents that occurred at petroleum industrial complexes(During each year)
Accidents in 2014

Type

Generalaccidents

Accidents in 2013

Earthquake-induce
d accidents

General accidents

Earthquake-induced
accidents

Other

Fires

104
(41.1%)

104(41.1%)―(―%)

82(35.8%)

82(36.0%)―(―%)

Explosions

6(2.4%)

6(2.4%)―(―%)

5(2.2%)

5(2.2%)

―
(―%)

Leaks

135
(53.4%)

135(53.4%)

－
(―%)

133
(58.1%)

132(57.9%)

1(100.0%)Damage8(3.1%)

8(3.1%)―(―%)

9(3.9%)

9(3.9%)―(―%)

Accidents not corresponding
to the above

―
(―%)

―
(―%)

―
(―%)

―
(―%)

―
(―%)

―
(―%)

253

253

―

229

228

1

Total
(Notes)122.

Prepared based on the Overview of Accidents at Specified Business Establishments in Petroleum Industrial Complexes and Other Special
Disaster Prevention Areas (2014).
There was no earthquake-induced accident among the accidents from 2014.

(2) Number of Accidents at Specified Business
Establishments by Business Category

Characteristics of Accidents

2.

As for the number of general accidents that occurredat specified business establishments by businesscategory, there were 90 chemical industry-related
accidents (35.6%), 82 petroleum and coal products
manufacturing industry-related accidents (32.4%), 21
electrical industry-related accidents (8.3%), 17 steel
industry-related accidents (6.7%), and 43 accidents inother business categories (17.0%).

Characteristics of Accidents(1) Number of Accidents by the Classificationof Specified Business Establishments
Looking at the number of general accidents by theclassification of specified business establishments
reveals that Class 1 business establishments accounted
for 191 (161 of which were at layout businessestablishments*13), which account for 75.5% of thetotal (Table 1-3-2).

Table 1-3-2 Number of general accidents by classification for specified businessestablishments(During 2014)
Type of business establishment
Class 1 business establishments

No. of specified businessestablishments(A)

No. of accidents(B)

Share of the total No. of
accidents (%)

No. of accidents per
business establishments
(B/A)

376

191

75.5

0.50

Layout businessestablishments

183

161

63.6

0.87

Other businessestablishments

193

30

11.9

0.15

Class 2 business establishments

321

62

24.5

0.19

697

253

100

0.36

Total
(Notes)12Prepared based on the Overview of Accidents at Specified Business Establishments in Petroleum Industrial Complexes and Other Special
Disaster Prevention Areas (2014).
The number of business establishments is as of April 1, 2014.

these. This includes by applying the various
regulations from the Fire Services Act, the High
Pressure Gas Safety Act, the Industrial Safety and
Health Act, the Act on Prevention of Marine Pollution
and Maritime Disasters, and others, as well as byapplying the regulations from the Act on thePrevention of Disaster in Petroleum Industrial
Complexes and Other Petroleum Facilities regarding
issues like the layouts of the various facilities anddisaster prevention equipment.

[Current Status of Damage Countermeasures at
Petroleum Industrial Complexes][Current Status of Damage Countermeasures at Petroleum Industrial Complexes] White Paper P.97- 101

In order to prevent disasters from occurring andspreading at petroleum industrial complexes, wherelarge quantities of hazardous materials, high pressure
gasses, and other flammable materials areconcentrated, efforts are made to establish
comprehensive disaster prevention structures for

24

1.

1.

What is more, 697 business establishments serve as
specified business establishments subject to theregulations of the Act on the Prevention of Disaster inPetroleum Industrial Complexes and Other Petroleum
Facilities. Of these, 370 are Class 1 businessestablishments (including 176 layout businessestablishments) and 327 are Class 2 businessestablishments.
(The rest is omitted.)

Current Status of Petroleum
Industrial Complexes and Other
Special Disaster Prevention
Areas
Current Status of Petroleum Industrial Complexes and Other Special Disaster Prevention Areas

As of April 1, 2015, 85 areas in which large
quantities of petroleum or high pressure gas at or
above certain quantities have been designated as
special disaster prevention areas in 104 municipalitiesin 33 prefectures based on the Act on the Prevention ofDisaster in Petroleum Industrial Complexes and Other
Petroleum Facilities (Fig. 1-3-2). These special
disaster prevention areas are under the jurisdiction of
92 fire defense headquarters.

25Section 1.

Fire Prevention

Fig. 1-3-2 Designation status for petroleum industrial complexes and other special disasterprevention areas

No.

Special disasterprevention areasNo.

1

Kushiro14

2

Tomakomai

152-2Ishikari

16

3
4
4-2

Muroran
HokutoShiriuchi

19
20
21

4-3

Mutsuogawara

22

Special disasterprevention areas
North Keiyo
coast
Central Keiyo
coastSouth Keiyo
coast
Keihin coast
Negishi coast
Kurihama
Port of Niigata(East)
Port of Niigata(West)
NaoetsuToyamaFuchiyu
Shinminato
FushikiPort of Nanao,
MimuroKanazawa Port
north

No.

Special disasterprevention areas

No.

Special disasterprevention areas
Fukuyama/SasaokaNo.

Special disasterprevention areas

67

Karatsu

68

Fukushima

33

Tahara49

34

Kinuura50

Etajima

35

Port of Nagoya coast

51

Nomi

69

Ainoura36
37
38

Yokkaichi coast
Owase
Osaka North Port

52
53
54

Iwakuni/Otake
Kudamatsu
Shunan69-2
70
71

Kamigoto
Yatsushiro
Oita

39

Sakai Senboku coast

55

Ube/Onoda

71-2

Sendai57

Mutsurejima

71-3

Kushikino

58
59
60
61
62

Anan
Bannosu
NiihamaNamikata
Kikuma

71-4
72
72-2
73
75

Kagoshima
Kiire
Shibushi
Henza
Onaha

63

Matsuyama

64

Buzen

65

Kitakyushu

65-2
66

Shirashima
Fukuoka

5

Aomori

23

6
6-2
7
8
9

Hachinohe
Kuji
Shiogama
Sendai
Oga

24
25
26
27
28

40

10

Akita

28-2

11

Sakata29

11-12

Hirono30

Fukui coast

47

12
13

Iwaki
Kashima coast

31
32

Shimizu
Atsumi

47-2
48

41
42
43
44
44-2
45
46

Kansai International
AirportMisaki
Kobe
Higashiharima
Himeji coast
Ako
Northern coast in north
Wakayama
Central coast in north
Wakayama
Southern coast in north
Wakayama
Kobo
Mizushima coast*85 areas(Notes) In December 27 the designations for the “21 Kurihama” area (Kanagawa Prefecture) and the “67 Karatsu” area (Saga Prefecture) were eliminated.

26

2.
2.

As of April 1, 2015, the firefighting agencies inmunicipalities containing a special disaster prevention
area were found to be equipped with 83 large chemical
firetrucks, 63 large, elevated water trucks, 90 foam
solution transport vehicles, 19 large, elevated chemical
water trucks, 3,048 kl of 3% fire-extinguishing foam,
619 kl of 6% fire-extinguishing foam, 23 fireboats, andmore.
What is more, 30 foam solution storage facilities, 12
portable foam cannons, and other equipment isequipped in prefectures that contain special disasterprevention areas. This is designed to complement the
firefighting capability of the municipalities while alsoenhancing and strengthening the disaster prevention
structures for the special disaster prevention areas.

Disaster Prevention Structures at
Prefectures and Firefighting
Agencies
Disaster Prevention Structures at Prefectures and Firefighting Agencies(1) Establishing Disaster Prevention Schemes
The prefectures that contain special disasterprevention areas are moving forward with establishingdisaster prevention structures in a comprehensive andsystematic manner based on the Act on the Preventionof Disaster in Petroleum Industrial Complexes andOther Petroleum Facilities. This is being done throughconcerted efforts together with relevant agencies
centering primarily on disaster prevention headquarters
at petroleum industrial complexes and other locations(hereafter referred to as “disaster prevention
headquarters”). The disaster prevention headquarters
carry out operations such as preparing disasterprevention plans for petroleum industrial complexes
and other locations (hereafter referred to as “disasterprevention plans”), liaising and coordinating with
relevant agencies when disasters strike, and promoting
research studies on disaster prevention.

3.
3.

Disaster Prevention Structures at
Specified Business
Establishments
Disaster Prevention Structures at Specified Business Establishments(1) Establishing Disaster Prevention
Organizations for Self-defense
The Act on the Prevention of Disaster in Petroleum
Industrial Complexes and Other Petroleum Facilities
mandates that those operators that establish specified
business establishments that contain special disasterprevention areas (specified business operators) must
set up disaster prevention organizations for
self-defense, equip fire defense equipment, appoint
disaster protection managers, prepare disasterprevention regulations, and so forth. It also stipulates
that they are to establish joint disaster prevention
associations,*14 wide-area joint disaster prevention
associations,*15 and special disaster prevention area
councils for petroleum industrial complexes and thelike (hereafter referred to as “area councils”)*16 inorder to establish disaster prevention structures
through the combined efforts of the specified businessestablishments.
As of April 1, 2015, disaster prevention organizations
for self-defense had been established at every specified
business establishment (697 business establishments).
In addition, 75 joint disaster prevention associations,
11 wide-area joint disaster prevention associations, and56 area councils had been established. These disasterprevention organizations for self-defense, joint disasterprevention associations, and wide-area joint disasterprevention associations are constantly equipped with
5,649 disaster prevention personnel, 94 large chemicalfire trucks, 54 large, elevated water trucks, 145 foam
solution transport vehicles, 114 large, elevatedchemical water trucks, 24 high capacity foam cannons,
24 oil recovery vessels, and more.

(2) Responses Measures when Disasters
Occur
When disasters occur in special disaster prevention
areas, response measures consist of disastermanagement responses carried out in a concerted
manner by the prefecture, municipality, related
agencies, specified business operators and others under
the leadership of the disaster prevention headquarters,
as stipulated by the disaster prevention plan.
When disasters occur, firefighting agencies carryout activities to curb the damage, give instructions
regarding the activities of disaster prevention
organizations for self-defense, and carry out other roles
that are important for the disaster response measures.
(3) Maintaining the Firefighting Capabilities ofMunicipalities Containing Special Disaster
Prevention Areas
There is the concern that disasters that occur within
special disaster prevention areas will be large in scaleand of a specialized type. Therefore, it is important tomaintain firefighting capabilities in order to respond to
said disasters. Through the Firefighting Maintenance
Policies, which are based on municipal firefighting
agencies, the FDMA denotes those firefighting
capabilities that must be retained in order to handle
disasters involving special disaster prevention areas,and strives to maintain these.

*14 Joint disaster prevention associations: Disaster prevention associations jointly established by the specified business operators involved with specified businessestablishments containing a single special disaster prevention area in order to carry out some of the tasks of the disaster prevention organization for self-defense.
*15 Wide-area joint disaster prevention associations: Joint disaster prevention associations covering a wide area jointly established by specified business operators
involved with specified business establishments containing areas in which there are two or more special disaster prevention areas to carry out tasks related todisaster prevention activities by using large volume foam cannons and other equipment.
16*
Special disaster prevention area councils for petroleum industrial complexes: Councils jointly established by the specified business operators involved withspecified business establishments containing a single special disaster prevention area for the purpose of carrying out activities like preparing voluntary standards
for things like preventing disasters and holding joint disaster prevention drills.

27Section 1.

Fire Prevention

What is more, the law states that these specified
business establishments must establish embankments
to prevent oil spills, outdoor water supply equipment
for firefighting, and emergency notification systems
according to their size. As of April 1, 2015, 149
business establishments had installed embankments toprevent oil spills, 512 had installed outdoor watersupply equipment for firefighting, and 578 had
installed emergency notification systems, respectively.
(2) Equipping High Capacity Foam Systems
During the Takachi-Oki Earthquake that occurred in
September 2003, damage that included damage to andoil leaks from numerous outdoor storage tanks
occurred at an oil refining business establishment inTomakomai City. In addition, approximately 54 hours
after the earthquake struck all of the floating roof
outdoor storage tanks caught fire.
Before this disaster struck, it had been assumed thatthe fires that would occur at floating roof outdoor
storage tanks would be ring fires.*17 But out ofconsideration for the risk of earthquakes occurring inJapan, the assumption that had to be made with thefloating roof outdoor storage tanks was that a firewould spread to all of the tanks. In light of this, theAct on the Prevention of Disaster in Petroleum
Industrial Complexes and Other Petroleum Facilities
was revised in June 2004 and the order for theenforcement of this law was revised in November 2005
to strengthen and enhance disaster prevention
structures. Furthermore, it was mandated that specified
business establishments must equip themselves withhigh capacity foam systems, which were a new type offirefighting equipment then, by November 2008 inorder to respond to fires that fully envelop floating
roof outdoor storage tanks.
High capacity foam systems are a type offirefighting equipment that consist of high capacity
foam cannons, feed pumps, foam mixers, and hoses.
They have the capacity to spray more than 10,000
liters of foam per minute. A single high capacity foam
cannon is capable of spraying anywhere from three toten times as much foam as a conventional three-partset (consisting of a large chemical firetruck, large,
elevated water truck, and a foam solution transport
vehicle). At present, high capacity foam systems withthe capacity to spray anywhere from 10,000 to 40,000
liters per minute are stationed at 12 wide-area joint
disaster prevention associations throughout Japan.

Water spraying drill using a high capacity foamsystem(Osaka/Wakayama wide-area joint disasterprevention council)(3) Enhancing Disaster Prevention Structures
for Self-defense
The fact that petroleum industrial complexes handle
large quantities of hazardous materials and the like andhave equipment that is complexly interconnected
makes firefighting activities difficult, and so such carry
the risk that this will result in enormous damage.
Therefore, when such disasters occur, disasterprevention organizations for self-defense and joint
disaster prevention associations are called upon tocarry out precise firefighting activities. In addition, thedisaster prevention personnel responsible for said
activities require extensive knowledge and skills. The
FDMA has denoted firefighting activities for disasterprevention organizations for self-defense and others in
documents like Introduction to Disaster Prevention
Activities for Disaster Prevention Organizations for
Self-defense, Guidelines for Education and Drills for
Disaster Prevention Personnel, and Disaster Prevention
Activities Using High Capacity Foam Systems, in aneffort to enhance disaster prevention structures for
self-defense.

4.
4.

Layout Regulations for Business
Establishments
Layout Regulations for Business Establishments(1) Layout Regulations
Just regulating each individual facility at the businessestablishments that form petroleum industrial
complexes as discrete units is not enough to preventthe spread of damage at such complexes. Rather, thebusiness establishments as a whole must take measuresfrom the perspective of preventing disasters andmitigating damage from them.

28

Therefore, the Act on the Prevention of Disaster inPetroleum Industrial Complexes and Other Petroleum
Facilities mandates that layout business establishments
must establish certain standards related to establishingfacility areas on their sites and ensuring passageways.
It also mandates that in cases like where businessestablishments are newly established or change theirfacility area layouts, they must provide notification of
the relevant plans for this. It also says that they must
undergo confirmation after these have been completed
to ensure consistency with the plan (layout
regulations). The quantities of oil stored and handled
and the quantities of high pressure gas processed atlayout business establishments came to roughly 60%
and 98%, respectively, of that for the specified
business establishments as a whole (as of April 1,
2015).
(2) Status for New Establishment and Other
Notifications
The number of notifications for new establishments orchanges in FY2014 from 176 layout businessestablishments (as of April 1, 2015) came to 19, while
the number of confirmations in the same year came to
13 (Fig. 1-3-3).

Fig. 1-3-3 Status for the notification and confirmation of new business establishments
subject to layout regulations

5.
5.

(2) Establishing Green Buffer Zones for
Disaster Prevention

Other Disaster Countermeasures

Regulations were established in the Act on thePrevention of Disaster in Petroleum Industrial
Complexes and Other Petroleum Facilities in relation
to matters like installation plans and the cost burden
for green buffer zones for disaster prevention
established by local governments in the vicinities
around special disaster prevention areas in order toprevent damage in said areas from spreading to thesurrounding regions.

Other Disaster Countermeasures(1) Establishing Disaster Response Structures
The Act on the Prevention of Disaster in Petroleum
Industrial Complexes and Other Petroleum Facilities
states that specified business operators must report tofirefighting agencies immediately when any abnormal
phenomena occurs.*18 It also mandates that disasterprevention organizations for self-defense, joint disasterprevention associations, and wide-area joint disasterprevention associations must take the necessary
measures in order to prevent disasters from occurringand spreading.

*18 Abnormal phenomena: Fires, spills of oil and other substances, and other such abnormal phenomena at specified business establishments.

29

Attachment 6

Extent of fire damage by prefecture

White Paper P.295- 297(During 2014)
No.of fires

Classification

Total

Buildings

Forests

Vehicles
375
51
50
90
29
38
94
159
84
107
235
185
334
217
74
27
37
27
45
93
77
124
264
96
53
69
202
191
49
44
21
22
87
86
58
30
44
49
23
166
29
41
74
48
47
56
66
4,467
97
30
35
23
241
76
38
15
24
28
21
83
29
59
29
51
31
37
30
25
20

Ships

Aircraft

Other

Total

2

496
181
110
262
76
146
204
429
314
344
898
870
1,474
801
119
30
72
43
210
374
351
451
992
305
158
114
577
657
212
96
99
129
170
247
150
45
103
113
107
415
118
144
151
103
161
242
189
14,052
109
90
111
104
1,001
339
110
68
15
77
87
206
36
206
46
178
67
96
90
61

1,460
519
510
708
371
387
560
1,233
639
709
1,788
1,621
3,494
1,659
699
203
191
196
238
650
595
841
1,657
547
332
480
2,074
1,240
360
314
149
182
592
734
426
219
284
410
254
1,142
201
361
537
367
357
626
264
33,380
406
278
245
207
2,644
638
268
142
208
120
185
473
231
890
181
307
154
309
232
263

333
157
242
225
121
126
222
453
214
197
351
406
110
165
207
60
56
39
60
212
152
193
256
161
84
89
162
199
112
81
48
55
195
160
123
63
83
116
84
198
56
111
166
111
114
238
45
7,411
32
30
28
33
69
40
13
20
45
18
58
34
26
43
6
20
30
32
33
22

118
38
37
26
23
28
35
70
54
50
103
81
140
75
48
26
10
15
12
56
44
55
103
36
17
25
115
74
21
27
18
8
36
44
30
25
24
28
22
60
11
27
33
17
19
33
24
2,021
24
8
9
9
79
28
8
5
16
7
10
21
16
41
5
15
5
16
8
9

454
158
133
171
130
124
135
336
183
203
517
414
656
427
196
45
57
59
64
201
179
221
480
168
72
133
536
344
103
85
44
60
178
216
122
61
82
113
64
339
72
96
156
118
111
129
74
9,019
144
55
70
55
502
173
75
37
56
24
48
143
71
229
42
76
58
94
71
79

555
166
98
286
97
109
168
374
188
259
817
720
2,588
992
248
72
68
83
102
181
220
372
818
182
159
233
1,261
623
124
121
39
59
183
314
151
70
95
153
84
545
62
127
182
121
113
226
121
14,929
206
185
138
110
1,994
397
172
80
91
71
69
275
118
577
128
196
61
167
120
153

1

48

152

20

11

52

69

11

3,145

8,533

652

350

2,154

5,377

Prefecture

Hokkaido
Aomori
Iwate
Miyagi
Akita
Yamagata
Fukushima
IbarakiTochigi
Gunma
Saitama
Chiba
Tokyo
Kanagawa
NiigataTomiyama
Ishikawa
Fukui
Yamanashi
NaganoGifu
Shizuoka
Aichi
Mie
Shiga
Kyoto
Osaka
Hyogo
Nara
Wakayama
Tottori
Shimane
Okayama
Hiroshima
Yamaguchi
Tokushima
KagawaEhime
Kochi
Fukuoka
Saga
NaganoKumamoto
Oita
MiyazakiKagoshima
Okinawa
Prefectural total
Sapporo City
Sendai City
Saitama City
Chiba City
Special wards
Yokohama City
Kawasaki City
Sagamihara City
Niigata City
Shizuoka City
Hamamatsu City
Nagoya City
Kyoto City
Osaka City
Sakai City
Kobe City
Okayama City
Hiroshima City
Kitakyushu City
Fukuoka City

2,083
584
482
846
351
462
678
1,300
856
944
2,364
2,242
4,830
2,377
632
219
257
213
436
954
869
1,208
2,551
797
471
537
2,478
1,862
525
357
234
319
686
873
500
232
350
467
319
1,507
307
458
595
422
488
703
516
43,741
545
334
344
300
3,553
950
381
203
160
196
236
661
236
1,021
239
514
215
361
304
307

1,165
291
274
449
199
246
337
646
416
456
1,193
1,090
3,014
1,339
415
154
128
139
167
445
407
589
1,245
349
245
340
1,680
957
245
209
108
129
377
488
263
144
192
281
169
878
142
245
339
219
237
373
228
23,641
338
213
198
167
2,309
535
233
112
120
88
114
369
166
754
162
273
114
219
183
213

41
58
47
44
46
32
43
63
42
37
38
93
6
20
24
8
20
3
14
42
33
43
44
45
15
13
16
50
19
6
5
38
52
47
25
12
10
18
18
46
17
20
29
48
41
30
33
1,494
1
1

Kumamoto City

181

111

1

11,241

6,991

72

21 city total

6

8
1
3
14
3
5
1
10
3
8
1
6

1,022

No. of buildings burned
Totally
HalfPartially
destroye destroye destroye
d
d
d

6
3
1
1
1

3

4
2

1

1
1
5
2

1

1
3
7
2
1
1
5
4
1
1
6
2
2
1
8
2
4
2
2
86

2

2
1
2
1

(Note) The “21 city total” is found within the prefectural total.

30

1Minor fireAttachment 6

Extent of fire damage by prefecture (continued)(During 2014)

Classification

Area burned

No. of casualties

Building floor area(m2)

Building surface
area (m2)Forests (a)Hokkaido
Aomori
Iwate
Miyagi
Akita
Yamagata
Fukushima
IbarakiTochigi
Gunma
Saitama
Chiba
Tokyo
Kanagawa
NiigataTomiyama
Ishikawa
Fukui
Yamanashi
NaganoGifu
Shizuoka
Aichi
Mie
Shiga
Kyoto
Osaka
Hyogo
Nara
Wakayama
Tottori
Shimane
Okayama
Hiroshima
Yamaguchi
Tokushima
KagawaEhime
Kochi
Fukuoka
Saga
NaganoKumamoto
Oita
MiyazakiKagoshima
Okinawa
Prefectural total
Sapporo City
Sendai City
Saitama City
Chiba City
Special wards
Yokohama City
Kawasaki City
Sagamihara City
Niigata City
Shizuoka City
Hamamatsu City
Nagoya City
Kyoto City
Osaka City
Sakai City
Kobe City
Okayama City
Hiroshima City
Kitakyushu City
Fukuoka City

63,59627,08736,091
28,783
18,886
20,94926,19843,19631,32328,30939,491
46,261
24,03622,96734,156
12,721
9,765
6,066
9,449
29,37829,43028,641
62,46825,712
12,304
13,45738,28435,802
14,1399,066
7,215
10,04825,63624,203
13,898
8,276
16,26823,233
7,186
32,945
10,35518,007
23,341
14,257
12,887
26,037
6,347
1,108,150
6,737
3,631
2,927
3,156
15,634
6,654
2,767
2,175
9,989
5,402
5,905
7,027
3,725
12,675
733
3,368
4,219
5,445
5,415
3,127

8,515
2,503
1,131
1,578
2,124
1,579
3,283
6,034
3,670
2,671
6,281
3,254
9,132
3,767
3,204
254
962
526
929
2,427
2,970
3,006
6,016
2,021
654
938
9,763
3,262
1,832
565
2,094
588
1,117
1,708
728
475
709
1,022
850
5,136
700
1,323
2,350
1,481
1,343
1,070
1,139
118,684
2,556
466
573
588
6,532
2,244
357
73
737
322
846
2,396
458
5,099
506
574
543
983
1,350
1,586

5,901
5,548
14,727
1,345
1,306
1,648
3,944
2,935
8,056
20,504
872
656
871
225
1,414
386
201
30
394
1,370
375
1,129
385
164
329
134
107
8,526
715
60
96
601
549
1,093
311
37
107
507
161
369
33
3,859
2,741
7,807
301
1,479
1,874
106,182
0
7
0
11
0
0
0
56
117
6
716
0
15
0
4
56
18
678
100
3

81
26
33
40
35
19
43
46
45
42
92
71
97
63
48
22
19
8
19
33
22
49
63
29
13
30
84
70
19
19
8
10
29
52
25
15
13
35
20
46
7
15
28
20
17
47
11
1,678
23
17
13
5
65
20
9
3
12
7
11
15
17
36
6
13
3
30
11
5

Kumamoto City

3,323

469

0

9

21 city total

114,034

29,258

1,787

330

Prefecture

Fatalities

Injured
240
96
85
120
61
78
107
170
104
149
287
370
794
405
99
57
36
40
49
143
103
163
388
93
74
102
485
281
48
53
36
58
98
130
73
50
61
98
43
200
46
83
79
48
60
83
34
6,560
82
51
40
78
581
136
63
37
30
29
30
119
53
174
33
85
37
62
39
57
27

1,843

(Note) The “21 city total” is found within the prefectural total.

31

Total

No. of households affected
TotallyHalf
Minor
destroyed
destroyed
destruction

No. of
l

805
263
233
388
199
185
257
669
326
396
1,123
959
2,597
1,225
425
115
136
101
117
331
339
489
1,030
237
137
348
1,822
838
190
164
69
99
306
483
221
128
151
264
140
871
128
231
326
204
200
383
140
20,788
281
199
174
147
2,014
480
203
111
142
87
94
346
188
829
141
244
95
250
182
237

146
70
88
91
58
55
100
177
95
111
248
259
222
162
126
46
50
24
30
103
68
130
184
67
38
52
264
154
54
45
20
25
93
116
75
38
51
81
52
195
33
68
94
55
63
159
34
4,569
26
20
34
45
164
41
32
11
34
21
28
45
18
73
13
29
15
44
36
44

68
12
15
15
9
16
17
40
38
38
71
45
185
84
28
20
6
4
6
28
35
39
79
24
5
27
127
57
14
11
7
8
12
29
16
17
10
15
10
56
5
9
19
7
7
19
16
1,425
26
6
11
7
139
45
10
3
13
7
9
33
20
48
9
23
3
15
12
18

591
181
130
282
132
114
140
452
193
247
804
655
2,190
979
271
49
80
73
81
200
236
320
767
146
94
269
1,431
627
122
108
42
66
201
338
130
73
90
168
78
620
90
154
213
142
130
205
90
14,794
229
173
129
95
1,711
394
161
97
95
59
57
268
150
708
119
192
77
191
134
175

1,642
659
633
1,037
567
542
737
1,559
863
893
2,694
2,247
4,974
2,724
1,202
315
326
291
269
835
873
1,224
2,452
542
356
734
3,767
1,906
474
385
185
291
752
1,063
478
245
347
577
288
1,934
433
517
840
436
477
795
346
47,726
530
440
423
303
3,745
1,052
443
254
392
203
240
708
349
1,567
309
465
227
539
369
457

136

25

6

105

332

6,580

798

463

5,319

13,347

Attachment 6

Extent of fire damage by prefecture (continued)(During 2014) (Unit: 1,000 yen)Classification
Prefecture
Hokkaido
Aomori
Iwate
Miyagi
Akita
Yamagata
Fukushima
IbarakiTochigi
Gunma
Saitama
Chiba
Tokyo
Kanagawa
NiigataTomiyama
Ishikawa
Fukui
Yamanashi
NaganoGifu
Shizuoka
Aichi
Mie
Shiga
Kyoto
Osaka
Hyogo
Nara
Wakayama
Tottori
Shimane
Okayama
Hiroshima
Yamaguchi
Tokushima
KagawaEhime
Kochi
Fukuoka
Saga
NaganoKumamoto
Oita
MiyazakiKagoshima
Okinawa
Prefectural total
Sapporo City
Sendai City
Saitama City
Chiba City
Special wards
Yokohama City
Kawasaki City
Sagamihara City
Niigata City
Shizuoka City
Hamamatsu City
Nagoya City
Kyoto City
Osaka City
Sakai City
Kobe City
Okayama City
Hiroshima City
Kitakyushu City
Fukuoka City
Kumamoto City
21 city total

Total
3,562,743
1,308,212
2,238,043
1,590,790
804,8091,030,582
1,339,936
4,531,619
2,618,240
2,338,649
3,550,566
4,165,588
4,981,293
2,668,919
1,705,909
845,620
626,043
362,832
703,860
1,676,322
2,511,713
3,471,341
6,790,488
1,799,489
1,181,631
938,134
3,462,202
3,312,078
1,089,000
611,044354,412896,101
1,428,514
1,505,981
1,074,211
738,704
911,977
1,544,923
431,046
2,715,673
776,383
830,555
1,184,697
640,073
671,838
1,419,003
377,049
85,318,835
640,465
306,386
263,248
381,765
3,363,399
934,445
241,785
134,952
491,870
483,966
445,804
617,814233,135
906,963
103,943456,189
241,280
619,375
307,951
346,968
132,671
11,654,374

Subtotal
3,290,356
1,179,212
1,873,208
1,486,629
763,926
997,344
1,252,897
4,372,677
2,286,942
1,614,247
3,375,522
3,834,747
4,696,208
2,471,324
1,641,724
644,556
608,454
343,458
663,904
1,606,734
2,401,464
2,293,289
6,273,727
1,705,394
1,149,158
866,553
3,314,179
2,888,201
1,014,281
586,985345,667
862,992
1,245,722
1,403,423
941,928
724,615
859,577
1,478,876
411,184
2,399,521
725,909812,204
1,031,072
597,789
636,129
1,328,364
353,703
77,655,975
628,202
289,049
252,021285,924
3,210,194824,294
232,963
129,991
463,303
463,411
390,862
496,475
223,963868,756
80,391
397,396
213,613597,885
287,115
325,185
116,013
10,777,006

Buildings
Buildings
2,437,362
843,287
1,415,237
1,071,437
529,012738,173858,079
2,359,609
1,700,751
1,215,863
2,380,494
2,762,707
2,872,631
1,845,192
1,257,456
518,496477,244294,655
361,131
1,281,313
1,550,537
1,537,096
3,742,952
1,195,781
551,106
621,3292,241,692
2,059,978739,226
472,185
253,490562,261
852,780
849,336
787,338
554,119
530,786
729,454326,245
1,450,454
489,573649,390
750,159
452,496456,196854,102311,245
52,791,435
444,913
139,819
199,956
249,949
1,913,054
640,400
165,506
87,541
377,083
262,587309,654351,084
181,175
621,955
57,476
303,822
131,026
232,672
207,988239,227
95,647
7,212,534

Amount of damages
Forests
VehiclesContents
852,994
335,925457,971415,192
234,914259,171394,818
2,013,068
586,191
398,384
995,028
1,072,040
1,823,577
626,132
384,268
126,060
131,21048,803
302,773
325,421
850,927
756,1932,530,775
509,613598,052
245,224
1,072,487
828,223
275,055
114,800
92,177300,731392,942554,087
154,590
170,496328,791
749,42284,939949,067
236,336
162,814
280,913145,293
179,933
474,262
42,45824,864,540
183,289
149,230
52,06535,975
1,297,140
183,894
67,45742,45086,220200,824
81,208145,391
42,788
246,801
22,91593,574
82,587365,213
79,12785,95820,3663,564,472(Note) The “21 city total” is found within the prefectural total.

32

48,34589,783235,954
6,646
5,168
3,727
12,342
10,468217,698
571,555
16,667464
64,880
0
1,298
1,182
4,874
54
555
1,079
636
8,137
2,645
1,216
427
1
8
1,934
1,630
909
96
450
678
230
315
0
0
2,306
1,672
409
122
0
44,818
5,467
673
1,497
0
1,369,015
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
6,878
0
1
0
5
536
0
0
0
0
0
7,420

162,557
27,75854,61071,08013,787
20,03155,047
69,984
42,147
133,792
101,667
111,407
124,704
113,939
48,622
10,61812,06913,721
21,65848,38872,389208,137
135,253
63,314
17,37429,55584,78592,29028,72919,8795,046
23,790148,82142,45955,216
9,950
19,94934,1298,339
111,485
14,316
6,346
36,63028,991
23,39628,744
18,2302,625,128
9,609
15,807
6,617
28,66099,39069,946
5,790
2,993
23,667
20,14643,44925,215
7,960
16,321
14,756
43,642
16,942
9,136
18,90814,14813,498506,600

Ships
2,564
1,360
41,0000725
0020,66500055,733
25
0
46
0
0
120
0
0
83
35,702
12,800
1,949
0
53
1,065
11,603
0
80
1,876
610
0
32,916
1,466
1,000
410
4,729
900
3,640
0
727
150
1,617
200
5,127
0
240,941
0
0
0
0
25
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
1,050
9,480
0
0
0
3,640
150
14,345

Aircraft
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0

Other
26,668
9,826
33,16824,632
18,9909,429
19,41247,36624,497
15,85255,287150,91782,17778,516
14,137
19,495646
2,609
16,54919,86934,807
913,402339,358
21,732
14,65441,54558,871
310,458
16,927
3,097
1,727
5,097
27,12624,366
11,1303,139
32,041
21,731
8,951
91,71911,673
11,27871,8676,209
7,700
55,2704,264
2,820,181
2,465
1,529
3,460
59,06540,58235,329
3,032
1,931
4,900
409
4,615
96,124
1,134
21,096
7,340
5,135
10,725
12,342
1,764
3,995
2,930
319,902

Explosions
32,253
273
103
1,803
2,213
51
238
10,45946,956
3,203
1,423
12,32013,2995,140
82
169,769
0
2,870
1,194
252
2,334
12,67426,705
5,884
18
427
3,294
7,592
27,433
94
0
3,162
6,167
2,587
64,156
003,152
0108,899
24,363
0
160
0
3,740
1
852
607,595
189
1
1,150
8,116
13,208
4,876
0
37
0
0
0
0
77
790
401
0
0
12
164
0
80
29,101

Attachment 34

Trends in the number of facilities for hazardous materials

White Paper P.322(As of March 31 of each year)
Types ofmanufacturing
facilities, etc.

Storage facilities

Net total

Manufacturingfacilities

Subtotal

Indoorstoragefacilities

Outdoortankstoragefacilities

Indoortankstoragefacilities

Year

Handling facilities

Undergroundstoragefacilities

Simpletankstoragefacilities

Transfertankstoragefacilities

Outdoorstoragefacilities

Subtotal

Fuel
supplydepotsClass I
sales
handling
facilities

Class II
sales
handling
facilities

Transfer
handling
facilities

Generaloutlets

1966

95,2072,523

63,30323,566

19,090

2,048

5,484

7,237

3,527

2,351

29,381

19,937

1,702

7,742

1967

213,526

3,008

140,842

34,163

48,975

8,863

23,891

4,648

15,1905,112

69,67642,347

2,059

25,2701968

246,767

3,164

157,456

36,52353,938

9,993

28,243

4,731

17,856

6,172

86,14749,041

2,478

34,628

1969

279,012

3,309

175,150

38,88059,504

11,17233,142

4,793

20,556

7,103

100,553

54,0602,907

43,586

1970

308,784

3,459

192,155

40,70964,693

12,33438,852

4,767

22,645

8,155

113,170

58,0963,274

51,8001971

346,1133,684

213,883

43,254

71,32013,61145,8804,849

25,396

9,573

128,546

62,749

3,553

1972

377,123

3,789

231,972

44,872

76,09014,66752,132

4,805

28,484

10,922

141,362

66,638

3,722

91

70,911

1973

410,158

3,929

251,372

46,76981,38815,57558,913

4,748

32,13911,840154,857

71,0493,697

163

79,948

1974

461,500

4,037

288,771

50,25391,596

16,84068,4234,774

36,04920,836

168,692

74,697

3,763

258

1975

495,161

3,961

312,00953,23997,846

17,53475,642

4,578

39,36423,806

179,191

76,879

3,727

319

1,148

97,118

1976

512,675

4,035

323,827

55,14099,401

17,93680,906

4,540

41,90923,995

184,81378,508

3,717

374

1,225

100,9891977

527,118

4,104

333,440

56,772

99,626

18,23685,874

4,496

44,26624,170189,574

79,998

3,675

464

1,229

104,208

1978

539,532

4,124

341,341

57,81999,456

18,632

90,734

4,286

46,33324,081

194,067

81,288

3,626

513

1,251

107,3891979

552,597

4,184

349,777

58,52898,98418,92995,823

4,194

49,42723,892

198,636

82,900

3,538

541

1,316

110,341

1980

575,376

4,272

366,356

60,165

100,373

19,451

104,193

4,187

52,35025,637204,748

84,588

3,462

604

1,357

114,737

1981

587,052

4,346

373,465

61,55497,50919,923

109,755

4,076

54,986

25,662

209,241

86,056

3,416

647

1,366

117,756

1982

596,575

4,393

379,752

62,78997,00720,013

113,398

3,953

57,12625,466

212,430

86,962

3,351

667

1,382

120,068

1983

601,905

4,435

382,91463,44096,341

19,955

115,724

3,871

58,662

24,921

214,556

87,678

3,284

705

1,380

121,5091984

607,040

4,477

386,406

63,59896,057

19,878

117,715

3,742

61,01924,397

216,157

88,143

3,221

729

1,391

122,6731985

613,364

4,560

390,825

63,87895,685

19,831

119,749

3,638

64,39323,651217,979

88,582

3,124

744

1,400

124,129

1986

617,540

4,598

393,41964,081

94,998

19,621

121,2543,531

66,99822,936

219,523

88,882

3,040

739

1,402

125,460

1987

620,783

4,657

395,877

63,98094,334

19,465

122,509

3,435

69,97622,178220,249

88,890

2,939

758

1,397

126,265

1988

574,720

4,677

397,687

63,69393,497

19,354

123,402

3,361

72,957

21,423

172,356

89,088

2,845

766

1,381

78,276

1989

578,881

4,722

400,597

63,562

93,105

19,150124,374

3,288

76,451

20,667

173,562

89,506

2,768

765

1,372

79,151

1990

582,911

4,775

403,577

63,426

92,77818,955

125,630

3,199

79,30820,281

174,559

89,814

2,696

776

1,360

79,913

1991

561,184

4,774

385,975

61,35087,95017,999125,874

2,354

71,596

18,852

170,435

89,388

2,630

657

1,373

76,387

1992

562,980

4,917

387,019

61,52287,55017,710126,599

2,266

73,111

18,261

171,044

89,616

2,554

640

1,369

76,865

1993

562,250

4,975

386,022

61,28587,03817,459126,706

2,212

73,69917,623

171,253

89,996

2,464

652

1,377

76,764

1994

560,790

5,013

383,979

60,862

86,272

17,168

126,543

2,169

73,704

17,261

171,798

90,647

2,395

647

1,380

76,7291995

561,295

5,046

383,683

60,30485,764

16,880126,533

2,089

75,307

16,806

172,566

91,418

2,321

647

1,382

76,798

1996

561,094

5,071

382,941

59,824

85,114

16,598

126,552

2,040

76,575

16,238173,082

92,037

2,256

660

1,378

76,751

1997

560,108

5,126

382,40959,221

84,553

16,315

126,617

1,965

77,881

15,857

172,573

91,583

2,196

652

1,365

76,777

1998

556,647

5,159

380,337

58,697

83,902

16,133

126,218

1,906

78,184

15,297

171,151

90,226

2,146

641

1,359

76,7791999

551,371

5,156

377,229

58,07382,877

15,848125,4811,828

78,404

14,718

168,986

88,382

2,075

645

1,350

76,534

2000

546,043

5,145

374,034

57,246

81,646

15,497

124,558

1,768

79,027

14,292

166,864

86,616

2,017

638

1,343

76,250

2001

542,068

5,160

371,351

56,72280,26015,311

123,964

1,703

79,802

13,589165,557

85,182

1,963

631

1,331

76,450

2002

537,8255,183

368,561

56,01079,26415,022

123,096

1,646

80,356

13,167

164,081

83,869

1,876

625

1,322

76,3892003

530,484

5,085

363,829

55,17877,631

14,709

121,795

1,586

80,194

12,736

161,570

82,371

1,807

618

1,288

75,486

2004

523,341

5,076

358,786

54,577

76,147

14,368

119,988

1,514

79,804

12,388

159,479

80,814

1,737

611

1,262

75,055

2005

514,990

5,050

352,872

54,33774,724

14,086

117,491

1,446

78,683

12,105

157,068

79,104

1,681

600

1,250

74,433

2006

506,245

5,058

346,532

53,77073,42813,803

114,564

1,384

77,63011,953

154,655

77,642

1,632

591

1,241

73,5492007

496,789

5,107

339,728

53,72072,213

13,363111,204

1,307

76,262

11,659151,954

76,310

1,584

583

1,226

72,251

2008

486,8125,121

332,859

53,47370,898

12,965108,292

1,247

74,513

11,471

148,832

74,388

1,523

567

1,215

71,1392009

475,989

5,154

325,590

53,18269,756

12,574105,206

1,204

72,387

11,281

145,245

72,121

1,480

554

1,208

69,882

2010

465,685

5,164

318,562

52,63768,606

12,287

102,417

1,170

70,232

11,213141,959

70,005

1,428

551

1,190

68,785

2011

455,8295,152

311,996

52,21967,47011,92399,383

1,141

68,746

11,114

138,681

67,990

1,381

542

1,179

67,5892012

447,277

5,150

305,975

51,516

66,294

11,67996,1201,114

68,29910,953

136,152

66,470

1,333

537

1,153

66,6592013

436,918

5,160

299,142

51,24565,33011,502

91,255

1,101

67,916

10,793

132,616

64,593

1,293

538

1,151

65,041

2014

428,541

5,154

293,544

50,88864,206

11,296

87,831

1,060

67,665

10,598129,843

63,222

1,245

529

1,142

63,705

2015

422,0295,106

289,034

50,55363,093

11,02185,4991,019

67,49810,351

127,889

62,269

1,209

518

1,127

62,766(Notes)1
2
3

62,244

89,974

Prepared based on the Survey on Regulation Work of Hazardous Materials.
1959 is as of September 30.
With regard to the numbers in 2011 and 2012, because of the influence of the Great East Japan Earthquake, the numbers for the Fire
Defense Headquarters of Rikuzentakata City of Iwate Prefecture and the Fire Defense Headquarters of the Inter-municipal Association of
the Futaba Region in Fukushima Prefecture were calculated based on the numbers at the time of last fiscal year’s survey (as of March 31,2010).

33