Regional Course on SDGs Indicators: Measuring decent work
using microdata from labour force surveys
Decent work in the 2030 Development Agenda; SDGs decent work
indicators
Chiba (Japan)
30 September – 4 October 2019

&RQWHQWVIntroduction: the SDGs, the SDG
Global Indicator Framework and
Decent Work in the SDGs
SDG labour market indicators
Considerations on SDG labour
market indicators
ILO reporting on SDG indicators
ilostat.ilo.org

2

Reference guidebook
launched at the 20th
International
Conference ofLabour Statisticians
Developed by
Ms. Rosina Gammarano

Available at :https://www.ilo.org/wcmsp5/groups/public/---dgreports/--stat/documents/publication/wcms_647109.pdf
ilostat.ilo.org

3,QWURGXFWLRQ7KH6'* V2030 Agenda for Sustainable Development andthe Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs)
adopted by the international community in 2015
- Economic growth- Social inclusion- Environmental protection

ilostat.ilo.org

4

,QWURGXFWLRQ7KH6'* V
17 SDGs (aka Global Goals) to end poverty, hunger
and inequality, take action on climate change and theenvironment, improve access to health and education,build strong institutions and partnerships, and more.

→ Very encompassing view
→ Aim to improve conditions in all countries
17 SDGs Goals and 169 Targets

ilostat.ilo.org

5,QWURGXFWLRQ7KH6'* V

ilostat.ilo.org

6

,QWURGXFWLRQWKH6'* * OREDO,QGLFDWRU)UDP HZ RUN
Set of indicators designed to monitor
progress towards SDGs and each of the 169
targets at the global level

ilostat.ilo.org

7,QWURGXFWLRQWKH6'* * OREDO,QGLFDWRU)UDP HZ RUN● Tier 1: Indicators with an internationallyagreed methodology and data regularly
available for at least 50% of countries and of
the population in every region where theindicator is relevant.
● Tier 2: Indicators with an internationallyagreed methodology but data are not regularly
produced by countries (or not by as many
countries).
● Tier 3: Indicators with no internationallyagreed methodology or standards yet (thus, nodata available yet either).
ilostat.ilo.org

8

,QWURGXFWLRQWKH6'* * OREDO,QGLFDWRU)UDP HZ RUN
Global SDG reporting process:main actors and their roles
National Statistical System
National
Statistical
OfficeSpecializedinternational
agencies

UNSD

Regional agencies
9

ilostat.ilo.org,QWURGXFWLRQ'HFHQW: RUNLQWKH6'* V
Decent work is aprominent agenda in the SDGs
SDG 8 – Promote sustained, inclusive andsustainable economic growth, full and productive
employment and decent work for all
But also: Goal 1 (End poverty), Goal 4 (Ensure
quality education), Goal 5 (Achieve genderequality), Goal 10 (Reduce inequality), Goal 14(Conserve marine resources), Goal 16 (Promotejustice and Institutions)→ cross-cutting topic
ilostat.ilo.org

10

,QWURGXFWLRQ'HFHQW: RUNLQWKH6'* V
Indicators for which the ILO is custodian (alone or
jointly with other agencies) or a partner agency
under 7 different SDGs:● Goal 1 - End poverty● Goal 4 – Ensure education and training for all● Goal 5 - Achieve gender equality● Goal 8 - Promote growth, employment and decent
work● Goal 10 - Reduce inequality● Goal 14 - Conserve marine resources● Goal 16 – Promote justice and Institutions

ilostat.ilo.org→ Including tier I, II and III indicators

11,QWURGXFWLRQ'HFHQW: RUNLQWKH6'* V
About 30 indicators related to decent
work and the labour market:● ILO custodian for 14 indicators (3 ofwhich jointly with other agencies)● ILO partner agency for 3 indicators● Many other indicators related to decent
work and the labour market, across
many goals

ilostat.ilo.org

12

SDG targets
1.1 By 2030, eradicate extreme poverty for all people everywhere,
currently measured as people living on less than $1.25 a day
1.3 Implement nationally appropriate social protection systems andmeasures for all, including floors, and by 2030 achieve substantial
coverage of the poor and the vulnerable
5.5 Ensure women’s full and effective participation and equal
opportunities for leadership at all levels of decision-making inpolitical, economic and public life
8.2 Achieve higher levels of economic productivity throughdiversification, technological upgrading and innovation, including
through a focus on high-value added and labour-intensive sectors
8.3 Promote development-oriented policies that support productive
activities, decent job creation, entrepreneurship, creativity andinnovation, and encourage the formalization and growth of micro-,small- and medium-sized enterprises, including through access tofinancial services
8.5 By 2030, achieve full and productive employment and decent
work for all women and men, including for young people andpersons with disabilities, and equal pay for work of equal value
8.6 By 2020, substantially reduce the proportion of youth not in
employment, education or training
8.7 Take immediate and effective measures to eradicate forced
labour, end modern slavery and human trafficking and secure theprohibition and elimination of the worst forms of child labour,
including recruitment and use of child soldiers, and by 2025 end
child labour in all its forms
8.8 Protect labour rights and promote safe and secure working
environments for all workers, including migrant workers, inparticular women migrants, and those in precarious employment
10.4 Adopt policies, especially fiscal, wage and social protection
policies, and progressively achieve greater equality

SDG indicators
1.1.1 Proportion of population below the international poverty line,
by sex, age, employment status and geographical location(urban/rural)
1.3.1 Proportion of population covered by social protection
floors/systems, by sex, distinguishing children, unemployedpersons, older persons, persons with disabilities, pregnant women,
newborns, work-injury victims and the poor and the vulnerable
5.5.2 Proportion of women in managerial positions

8.2.1 Annual growth rate of real GDP per employed person

8.3.1 Proportion of informal employment in non-agriculture
employment, by sex

8.5.1 Average hourly earnings of female and male employees, byoccupation, age and persons with disabilities
8.5.2 Unemployment rate, by sex, age and persons withdisabilities
8.6.1 Proportion of youth (aged 15–24 years) not in education,
employment or training
8.7.1 Proportion and number of children aged 5–17 years engaged
in child labour, by sex and age
8.8.1 Frequency rates of fatal and non-fatal occupational injuries,
by sex and migrant status
10.4.1 Labour share of GDP, comprising wages and social
protection transfers

ilostat.ilo.org

13

6'* ODERXUP DUNHWLQGLFDWRUV
1.1.1 Proportion of population below the international
poverty line, by sex, age, employment status andgeographical location (urban/rural)
Tier I / Custodian: World Bank

Working poverty rate = Proportion of employedpersons living on less than US$1.90 per day● Captured by combining poverty status (household income orconsumption data) with employment status (individual labour
force variables)→ Preferred source is a household survey with both sets ofvariables (HIES, LSMS with employment modules, LFS thatcollect information on household income, etc.)

ilostat.ilo.org

14

6'* ODERXUP DUNHWLQGLFDWRUVWorking poverty rate (percentage of employedliving below US$1.90 PPP), 201740%
Male
FemaleYouthAdults
Total

35%

30%

25%

20%

15%

10%

5%

0%
World

AfricaAmericas

Arab States

Asia and the PacificSource:ILO modelled estimates, May 2018.
ilostat.ilo.org

15

6'* ODERXUP DUNHWLQGLFDWRUV
1.3.1 Proportion of population covered by social
protection floors/systems by sex, distinguishing children,

unemployed persons, older persons, persons with disabilities, pregnant
women, newborns, work-injury victims and the poor and the vulnerable

Tier II / Custodian: ILO

Indicator with many components: proportion of eligible
population covered by each social protection benefit● Main source: Administrative records (records of the Ministry ofLabour, records of Social Security Institutions, Insurance
records, etc.) → challenge of consistency across records

ilostat.ilo.org

16

6'* ODERXUP DUNHWLQGLFDWRUVPopulation covered by at least one social
protection benefit, 2016 
World

Africa
AmericasAsia and the Pacific Europe and Central Asia

Source:ILO World Social Protection Report 2017-2019
ilostat.ilo.org

17

6'* ODERXUP DUNHWLQGLFDWRUV
5.5.2 Proportion of women in managerial positions
Tier I / Custodian: ILO

Female share in the employment in senior andmiddle management● Based on the International Standard Classification of
Occupations:
Senior and middle management=
Sub-major groups 11, 12, 13 (ISCO-08)● Preferred source: LFS

ilostat.ilo.org

18

6'* ODERXUP DUNHWLQGLFDWRUVFemale share in senior and middle management,
2005 and 2015
50%

LVA

40%

ISL SWE

HUN
LTU
BGR
SVN

POL

AUS

30%
2015

AUT DEU
DNK
MLT
CYP
NLD
GRC
MKD
ITA

NOR
FIN
GBR
BELROU
FRA
PRT

IRL
EST

SVK CZE
HRV

20%

LUX

TUR

10%

0%
0%

10%

Source:ILOSTAT.
ilostat.ilo.org

20%

30%

40%

50%

2005

19

6'* ODERXUP DUNHWLQGLFDWRUV
8.2.1 Annual growth rate of real GDP per
employed person
Tier I / Custodian: ILO

Labour productivity growth rate
● Preferred source for GDP is the National Accounts, and for
employment, a LFS (if not available, establishment survey oradministrative records)

ilostat.ilo.org

20

6'* ODERXUP DUNHWLQGLFDWRUVAnnual growth rate of output per worker (measured as GDP
in constant 2011 international $ in PPP)
8%

6%

World
High income

4%Upper‐middle
incomeLower‐middle
incomeLow income

2%

0%

‐2%
2000

2005

2010

2015

Source:ILO modelled estimates, May 2018.
ilostat.ilo.org

21

6'* ODERXUP DUNHWLQGLFDWRUV
8.3.1 Proportion of informal employment in nonagriculture employment, by sex
Tier II / Custodian: ILO

Informal employment= own-account workers, employers and members of
producers’ cooperatives in the informal sector + ownaccount workers producing for own final use + all
contributing family workers (formal and informal
sectors) + employees with informal jobs
● Preferred source: LFS

ilostat.ilo.org

22

6'* ODERXUP DUNHWLQGLFDWRUVProportion of females and males in informal employment in
non-agriculture employment (latest year available)
100%

Source: ILOSTAT.
Note: Refers toharmonized
figures of informal
employment
calculated
applying standard
definitions andoperational
criteria.

Female proportion of informal employment in non‐agricultural employment

NER

GHA
LBR CMR UGA

80%

IDN
BOL
AGO
GTM
NIC MMR
GMB HND
TZA
PAK
ZWE
SLV
IND
PRY
ECU
PER
YEM
NAM

60%

COL
TLS
SWZ
DOM
VNM
MDV MUS
WSM
ARG
PSE

CRI

40%

CHL
PAN
ZAF BRA

20%

URY

EGY

BRN
MNG
ALB
ARM

SRB

0%
0%

ilostat.ilo.org

NPL
BEN CODMLICIVKHMSEN
MOZ BGD

20%

40%

60%

80%

100%

23

Male proportion of informal employment in non‐agricultural employment

6'* ODERXUP DUNHWLQGLFDWRUV
8.5.1 Average hourly earnings of female and male
employees, by occupation, age and persons withdisabilities
Tier II / Custodian: ILO

Regular remuneration received from employers, in cash
and in kind = direct wages and salaries for time worked or work

done + remuneration for time not worked (e.g. paid annual leave)+ bonuses and gratuities regularly received (excluding
contributions paid by employers to social security and pension
schemes)→ calculation of the gender pay gap● Sources: establishment surveys, LFS, administrative data
ilostat.ilo.org

24

6'* ODERXUP DUNHWLQGLFDWRUV
8.5.2 Unemployment rate, by sex, age and persons
with disabilities
Tier I / Custodian: ILO

And
8.6.1 Proportion of youth (aged 15-24 years) not in
education, employment or training
Tier I / Custodian: ILO

Ref. next Session

ilostat.ilo.org

25

6'* ODERXUP DUNHWLQGLFDWRUV
8.7.1 Proportion and number of children aged 5-17
years engaged in child labour, by sex and age
Tier I / Custodian: ILO and UNICEF● Preferred source: specifically designed household survey –Child labour survey

ilostat.ilo.org

26

6'* ODERXUP DUNHWLQGLFDWRUVProportion of children in employment, labour andhazardous work, by region (2016)
30%
25%
20%
15%
10%
5%
0%
World

AfricaChildren in employment

Asia and the PacificChildren in labour

Americas

Europe and Central Asia

Arab StatesChildren in hazardous work

Source:Global estimates of child labour: Results and trends, 2012-2016.
ilostat.ilo.org

27

6'* ODERXUP DUNHWLQGLFDWRUV
8.8.1 Incidence rates of fatal and non-fatal occupational
injuries, by sex and migrant status(or frequency rates)
Tier II / Custodian: ILO

New cases of fatal injury during the reference year
x 100’000
Workers in the reference group during the reference year
● Possible sources: various types of administrative records(insurance records, labour inspectorate records), household
surveys and establishment surveys● Preferred source is the one with the most comprehensive
coverage and most robust time series
ilostat.ilo.org

28

6'* ODERXUP DUNHWLQGLFDWRUVDistribution of the rate of occupational injuries per 100’000
workers for countries with available data (latest year
available after 2009)
9

5500
5000

7

6

5

4

3

2

1

0

Non‐fatal occupational injuries per 100'000 workers

Fatal occupational injuries per 100'000 workers

8

4500
4000
3500
3000
2500
2000
1500
1000
500
0

Source: ILOSTAT.
Note: Boxplots based on data for 43 countries for fatal occupational injuries and on data for 52 countries for non-fatal occupational
injuries. Data across countries may not be strictly comparable due to differences in the type of occupational injuries covered(compensated or reported injuries), the type of workers considered for the reference group (all workers, employees only or29
ilostat.ilo.org
persons
insured only) and the operational criteria used to define occupational injuries.

6'* ODERXUP DUNHWLQGLFDWRUV
10.4.1 Labour share of GDP, comprising wages andsocial protection transfers
Tier II / Custodian: ILO

Total compensation of employees as a share of theoutput● Preferred source: National Accounts

ilostat.ilo.org

30

6'* ODERXUP DUNHWLQGLFDWRUVLabour income share, as a percentage of GDP, (2005 and2015: left and 2015: right)
70

65
ISL

65

60
CHE
HRV
JPN
BELSVN
PRT
DEUGBRESP USA NLDFRACYPDNKGRC
CAN
AUT
FIN
AUS
LUX
ITA
HUN
NZL
MKD
POL
MLT
LTU
SWE
EST
BGR CZE
IRL
LVA
NOR
TUR

60

2015

55

50

45

55

50

45

40
SVK

MEX

35
40
30
30

35

40

45

50

55

60

65

70

2005

35

Source:ILO modelled estimates, May 2018.
ilostat.ilo.org

31

6'* ODERXUP DUNHWLQGLFDWRUVTier III indicators or formerly tier III indicators
8.8.2 Level of national compliance of labour rights (freedom of
association and collective bargaining) based on ILO textual sources
and national legislation, by sex and migrant status [Custodian: ILO]
8.b.1 Existence of a developed and operationalized national
strategy for youth employment, as a distinct strategy or as part ofa national employment strategy [Custodian: ILO]
10.7.1 Recruitment cost borne by employee as a proportion of
yearly income earned in country of destination [Custodian: ILO and WB]
14.c.1 Number of countries making progress in ratifying, accepting
and implementing ocean-related instruments [Custodian: UN-DOALOS,
FAO, UNEP, ILO, and other UN-Oceans agencies]

16.10.1 Number of verified cases of killing, kidnapping, enforced
disappearance, arbitrary detention and torture of journalists,
associated media personnel, trade unionists and human rights
advocates [Custodian: OHCHR]
ilostat.ilo.org

32,/2 UHSRUWLQJRQ6'* LQGLFDWRUVThe ILO Department of
Statistics’ online database:
ILOSTAT(ilostat.ilo.org)

ilostat.ilo.org

33,/2 UHSRUWLQJRQ6'* LQGLFDWRUVILOSTAT’s Yearly indicators- Based on an Annual Questionnaire on Labour
Statistics- Wide range of topics in accordance with the
Decent Work framework and the SDG
indicators framework- All sources of labour statistics- Numerous disaggregations

ilostat.ilo.org

34,/2 UHSRUWLQJRQ6'* LQGLFDWRUVILO Compilations to report on SDG indicators• Annual questionnaire on labour statistics• Data received and processed in batch• Processing of survey microdata sets
and
• ILO Social Security Inquiry• Collaboration with UNICEF on child labour
statistics
ilostat.ilo.org

35&RQFOXGLQJUHP DUNV
• Monitoring is a crucial aspect of the
SDGs• Reporting on SDG labour market
indicators allows to assess the progress
made towards the achievement ofdecent work
• SDG labour market indicators should becomplemented with other measures tohave a wider picture of the situation of
the labour market
ilostat.ilo.org

36

5HIHUHQFHV⌕ ILO Guidebook on SDG Labour Market
Indicators (https://www.ilo.org/stat/Publications/WCMS_647109/lang-en/index.htm)⌕ ILOSTAT database (ilostat.ilo.org)⌕ Sustainable Development Goals and Targets(http://www.un.org/sustainabledevelopment/sustainable-development-goals/)⌕ SDG Indicators Global Database(http://unstats.un.org/sdgs/indicators/database/)⌕ SDG Indicators – Metadata Repository(http://unstats.un.org/sdgs/metadata/)⌕ Tier Classification for Global SDG indicators(https://unstats.un.org/sdgs/iaeg-sdgs/tier-classification)

ilostat.ilo.org

37

5HIHUHQFHV⌕ Resolution concerning statistics of work,
employment and labour underutilization(http://www.ilo.org/global/statistics-and-databases/standards-and-guidelines/resolutionsadopted-by-international-conferences-of-labour-statisticians/WCMS_230304/lang--en/index.htm)⌕ Resolution concerning statistics of child labour(http://www.ilo.org/global/statistics-and-databases/standards-and-guidelines/resolutionsadopted-by-international-conferences-of-labour-statisticians/WCMS_112458/lang--en/index.htm)⌕ Resolution concerning statistics of occupational
injuries (resulting from occupational accidents)(http://www.ilo.org/global/statistics-and-databases/standards-and-guidelines/resolutionsadopted-by-international-conferences-of-labour-statisticians/WCMS_087528/lang--en/index.htm)

ilostat.ilo.org

38

5HIHUHQFHV⌕ ILO manual Measuring informality: A statisticalmanual on the informal sector and informal
employment(http://www.ilo.org/wcmsp5/groups/public/---dgreports/---dcomm/--publ/documents/publication/wcms_222979.pdf)⌕ Global Estimates of Child Labour: Results andtrends, 2012-2016(http://www.ilo.org/global/publications/books/WCMS_575499/lang--en/index.htm)⌕ World Social Protection Report 2017-19(http://www.ilo.ch/global/research/global-reports/world-social-security-report/2017-19/lang-en/index.htm)

ilostat.ilo.org

39