Member Country Report 2022-China
Yang Lingyan & Xu Wei, China Academy of Building Research

The HPT TCP is part of a network of autonomous collaborative partnerships focused on a wide range of energy technologies known as Technology Collaboration
Programmes or TCPs. The TCPs are organised under the auspices of the International Energy Agency (IEA), but the TCPs are functionally and legally autonomous.
Views, findings and publications of the HPT TCP do not necessarily represent the views or policies of the IEA Secretariat or its individual member countries.

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Agenda• Overview• Market• Policy• Research & Application• Summarywww.heatpumpingtechnologies.org

Overview• Land Area: about 9.6 million k㎡• Sea Area: about4.73 million k㎡• Population: 1.4 billion
urban 0.9billion(63.89%),rural 0.5billion(36.11% )• Households：0.49 billion
1-25%,2-30%,3-21%,4-13%,5-6%,≥6-5%• Population density(p/k㎡)
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Source：China National Bureau of Statistics

3800
3600
3400
3200
3000
2800
2600
2400
2200
2000
1800
1600
1400
1200
1000
800
600
400
200
085,000
Hydro,Nuclear&Wind
Natural Gas

75,0008.4%70,000

56.8%

Oil
Coal

80,000

15.9%

18.9%

100 million kWh

MTOEOverview
6.1%

Thermal Power

3.4%

4.8%

Hydro Power65,000

Nuclear Power60,000Wind Power55,000

Solar Power

17.8%
67.9%

50,00045,00040,00035,00030,00025,00020,00015,00010,0005,000

78 80 85 90 91 92 93 94 95 96 97 98 99 00 01 02 03 04 05 06 07 08 09 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20
YEAR

Energy consumption curve of China

080 85 90 93 94 95 96 97 98 99 00 01 02 03 04 05 06 07 08 09 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20
YEARPower source curve of China

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Source：China National Bureau of Statistics

Source：China Electricity Council

Climate Zone

Sever Cold

Decided indexs

Supportingindexes

Sever Cold Zone tmin.m≤-10℃

145≤d≤5

heating is nesessary,cooling is optional andunnecessary.

Cold Zone-10℃＜tmin.m≤0℃

90≤d≤5＜145

heating is nesessary,cooling is second demand.

Hot Summer
and Cold
Winter Zone

0℃＜tmin.m≤10℃,
25℃＜tmax.m≤30℃

0≤d≤5＜90，40≤d≥25＜110

Cooling is nesessary,heating is second demand.

Hot Summer
and Warm
Winter Zone

10℃＜tmin.m,25℃＜tmax.m≤29℃

100≤d≥25＜200

Cooling is nesessary,heating is optional andunnecessary.

Temperate
Zone

0℃＜tmin.m≤13℃,
heating is needed in part of0≤d≤5＜9018℃＜tmax.m≤25℃zone.
Average temperature of the coldest month

Sever Cold
Cold
Sever Cold

Cold

Cold

Hot Summer andCold WinterTemperate
Hot Summer andCold WinterClimatic Zones for Buildings Design

Design principles

Cooling is unnesessary,

tmin.m : Average temperature of the coldest month.
tmax.m :Average temperature of the hottest month.
d≤ 5 :days when the daily average temperature is less than or equal to 5 ℃.
d ≥ 25 : days when the daily average temperature is greater than or equal to 25 ℃.

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Sever Cold
Sever Cold
Cold
Sever Cold

ColdCold

Hot Summer andCold WinterTemperate
Hot Summer andCold Winter Urban buildings in severe cold and cold zones havecentral heating systems. In rural areas, decentralized
household boilers are used for heating, and the fuels
include coal, gas, fuel oil, crop straw, etc. They arethe areas where the national strategy of clean heatingis implemented.
 Decentralized heating is used in hot summer andcold winter zone, Gas boilers and various heat pumpsystems are used in public buildings. In the residence,
household gas boiler, air source heat pump,household air conditioner, electric heater, etc. areused.
 In hot summer and warm winter zone, there is lessdemand for building heating, and air conditioners areusually used to meet the short-term heating demandin winter.
 The heating market in temperate zone is very small,and various heating forms are used.

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CHP

COAL-BOILER

CHP is the main way of

Large ultra low emission
coal-fired boiler central
heating is still one of themain heat sources ofcentral heating in
northern China. After theultra-low emission
transformation, thecombustion efficiency isimproved, the pollutant
emission concentration issignificantly reduced, andthe air pollution iseffectively improved.

central heating in China,
which can increase thethermal efficiency tomore than 80%.
Compared with otherclean heating methods,

CHP is an effective way
to economically andrationally use energy andsave energy.

50%

GAS-BOILER

Since no particulate
pollutants are produced
during natural gas
combustion, it is helpful
to solve the serious
environmental problems
in China and has been
applied in the heating
industry. The main
application modes
include natural gas
cogeneration, boiler
room heating, wall
mounted furnace
heating, etc.

INDUSTRIAL
WASTE HEATELECTRICHEAT PUMP

Medium and low-gradeElectric heating is clean

waste heat has not beenand efficient. Electriceffectively utilized. At

heating is divided into

present, some industrial

direct electric heating

waste heat has been usedand heat pump heating.

for urban heating. In theDue to energy saving andfuture, waste heathigh efficiency, all kinds

recovery can effectivelyof heat pumps have beensave energy and reducewidely used in heating,emissions, and achieve

and have achieved good

the organic unity ofenergy-saving andenvironmental, social andcarbon reduction effects.

economic benefits

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10%40%Agenda• Overview• Market• Policy• Research & Application• Summarywww.heatpumpingtechnologies.org

100 million RMB

100 million RMB

Sales of ASHP

100 million RMB

100 million RMB

Sales of heat pump

Export sales of ASHP
Source：Yearbook of Heat Pump Heating Industry Development in China(2021)

Domestic sales of ASHP
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100 million RMBApplication markets of air source heat pump

Application division of different air source heat pumps

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Source：Yearbook of Heat Pump Heating Industry Development in China(2021)

A/W for household

A/A

A/W for industral & commercial

100Sales（100minllion RMB）

90
80

17.8

70

1.860

 A/W for household-Air to Water heat pump is used
32.4
23.5

30
20
10

lower than 35kW.

29.250

17.5

40

70.8

15.3

21.9

13.2

3.3
0.3
32.8

24.4

29.5

30.3

 A/A-Air source heat pump air heater is different

with Air conditioner because the environment
38.8

temperature is different. It mainly used in rural
areas in North China, the main function of it is to0
2016

in residential buildings, the capacity of unit is27.1

2017

2018

2019

2020

2021

provide heat for rooms in winter. Although it has
the function of cooling in summer, it is rarely used.
 A/W for industrial & commercial-Air to Water
heat pump is used in industrial & commercialbuildings, the capacity of unit is larger than 35kW.

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100 million RMB

Sales of GSHP

Application of GSHP

Ground water source heat pump isgreatly reducedTransformation of construction market

Technical risk and economy affect userselection



Various types of buildings



Various system types

Middle-deep geothermal heat pumpProducts development

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Source：Yearbook of Heat Pump Heating Industry Development in China(2021)

Sales of AC

Domestic sales of AC

Export sales of AC
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Source：http://data.chinaiol.com/ecdata/index

Agenda• Overview• Market• Policy• Research & Application• Summarywww.heatpumpingtechnologies.org

National policies



Enact laws to promote theapplication of renewable energy

Focus on renewable energy in thenational social development

Ministerial policies

strategy and policy

Provincial policies



Directly support for heat pump
applications

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 Laws
Energy conservation law of the people's Republic of China



Renewable energy law of the people's Republic of China

Promote the development and utilization of renewable energy, increase energy supply and improveenergy structure.

 National social development strategy
Medium and long term plan for the construction of major national science and technology
infrastructure (2012-2030)

Promote the renewable energy to meet the energy demand of buildings, and promote the large-scaleand efficient utilization of renewable energy

 Direct support policies

Air pollution prevention action plan

Carbon peak action plan before 2030

Promote clean and low-carbon heating such as heat pumpwww.heatpumpingtechnologies.org

National policies

The ministerial policy is to further
subdivide the policy by industry andfield to promote the application of heatpump.
 National Development and Reform
Commission

Ministerial policies

Provincial policies

 Ministry of Finance Ministry of Housing and Urban-RuralDevelopment
 Ministry of Natural Resources Ministry of Ecological and Environment
 National Energy Administrationwww.heatpumpingtechnologies.org

 NDRC—14th five year plan for renewable energy development—National cleaner production implementation plan in the 14th five year plan
 MF—Financial support for the pilot project of clean heating in winter in northern China
 MHURD—Guiding opinions on promoting urban clean heating in northern heatingareas
 MNR—Notice on promoting the development and utilization of shallow geothermalenergy
 MEE—Comprehensive treatment plan for air pollution in autumn and winter from 2021
to 2022
 NEA—Guidance on promoting the development and utilization of geothermal energy

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National policies

Ministerial policies

Provincial and municipal policies respondto national policies, formulate more
specific policy measures or incentive
mechanisms in combination with local
actual conditions, and promote theapplication of HP technology forms
according to local conditions.
North China: Beijing, Tianjin, Hebei, ShandongEast China: Shanghai, Zhejiang, Jiangsu

Central China: Henan, Hubei
Northwest China: Shaanxi

Provincial policies

Southwest China: Chongqing
Northeast China: Liaoning, Jilin, Heilongjiang

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Summary of policies of heat pump heating(1) National policies have laid the legal foundation for the utilization ofrenewable energy. The support of heat pump will continue to bestrengthened in the future.
(2) China's ministries and commissions related to heat pump haveissued support policies to comprehensively promote thedevelopment of heat pump application.

(3) Provincial and municipal heat pump promotion policies are mainlyreflected in green building and energy policies, especially in theclean heating policy system.
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Agenda• Overview• Market• Policy• Research & Application• Summarywww.heatpumpingtechnologies.org

Research & Application

Low temperature
ASHP

GSHP

Industry heat pumpwww.heatpumpingtechnologies.org

Low temperature ASHP

COP-25℃ ≥ 1.4（Tw50℃）
COP-12℃ ≥ 2.2

COP-20℃ ≥ 1.8
IPLV ≥ 2.6
Temperature≥-30℃

COP-12℃ ≥ 2.1

COP-20℃ ≥ 1.6

Encourage
the variablefrequency andsplit air source
heat pumps
application

COP-30℃ ≥ 1.4（Tw41℃ ）IPLV ≥ 3.2

2021年

Engage the AHHP
application

2019年

IPLV ≥ 2.4

2018年

Temperature≥-25℃

2017年

GB 37480-2019
2016年

GB/T 25127.1/2-2020www.heatpumpingtechnologies.org

Mornitoring on the low temperature ASHP application
Proportion(%)
020

40

60

80

100

3.0

2.95
2.8
2.6

SCOPsys

ITEM

INFORMATIONDATAConstruction

2017

103

Test time

2018-2019 Winter—Heating capacity ofunit(W)8000~10000

4110000~140000

62

Capacity regulation
mode

Constant frequency

54

Variable frequency

49

Heating areas(m2)67~216—

Radiant floor

42Radiator

61

10.7%

2.4

37.9%
2.21

2.2
2.0

45.6%

1.8

5.8%

1.6

1.54020

40

60

80

100

The average value of SCOPsys is 2.21. The actual operation
performance of 103 project systems shows a large gap, with

User’ application

SCOPsys distributed between 1.54 and 2.95.

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Large scale GSHP
The ground source heat pumpsystem has a competitive

advantage in large publicbuildings with sufficient burial

areas in cold regions and hot
Beijing Daxing International Airport

Jinan Olympic Sports Center

summer and cold winter regionswith both cold and hot demand.
Taking the Jining Cultural Center
Project as an example, thesystem's cooling energy efficiency
was 4.4, and the heating energy

efficiency was 3.6.
Beijing administrative sub-center

Jining Cultural Centerwww.heatpumpingtechnologies.org

Medium-deep geothermal HP
The medium-deep geothermal heatpump has high heat transfer
efficiency and large heat supply

energy density. It is one of thealternative ways to traditional heat
supply in severe cold and cold
regions. At present, its application
area in China has exceeded 13 million

square meters. The averagemeasured unit energy efficiency ofthe demonstration project can reach

6.0, and the system energy efficiency
is between 3.3-3.8.

Medium-deep geothermal heat pump system inresidential building in Shaanxi Provincewww.heatpumpingtechnologies.org

Industry heat pump
Aerodynamic parts

Controlsystem

Magnetic Levitation Motor

Grain brewing technology
Capacity,0.3t/h，Pressure,0.2MPa
Temperature,120℃，COPsys=1.8

Air source heat pump boiler

www.heatpumpingtechnologies.org
We have designed 5000kg/h steam compressor.

Industry heat pumpwww.heatpumpingtechnologies.org

Agenda• Overview• Market• Policy• Research & Application• Summarywww.heatpumpingtechnologies.org

Summary(1) Heat pump heating will play a more important role in achieving China's carbon
emission reduction and carbon neutralization goals.
(2) Heat pumps have been widely used in the field of medium and low temperature
heating such as heating and hot water supplying in buildings. Successful
application cases show that they have good energy saving benefits. The focus offuture work is to further improve energy efficiency and expand the number ofapplications(3) The application of industrial heat pumps is becoming the focus of energy
conservation and carbon reduction. Research and development work in the fields
of ultra-high temperature heat pumps, high-capacity high temperature heatpumps still need to be carried out to promote the construction of new energy
systems on the basis of future electrificationwww.heatpumpingtechnologies.org

Thanks for your attention
Yang Lingyan & Xu Wei, China Academy of Building Research
The HPT TCP is part of a network of autonomous collaborative partnerships focused on a wide range of energy technologies known as Technology Collaboration
Programmes or TCPs. The TCPs are organised under the auspices of the International Energy Agency (IEA), but the TCPs are functionally and legally autonomous.
Views, findings and publications of the HPT TCP do not necessarily represent the views or policies of the IEA Secretariat or its individual member countries.

www.heatpumpingtechnologies.org