Digital Atlas of Trees and Wildlife in Thailand:
Transforming Analog Localities toWeb-based GIS Maps
Yongyut Trisurat

Faculty of Forestry, Kasetsart University
Bangkok, Thailand

APBON Web Seminar 2020
29 June 2020

Wave of Atlas
AnalogDisadvantage
It cannot always give the correct
shape and size of features.

DigitalAdvantage It is easy to carry from one
place to another. It is cheap
as compared to a globe.

EXAMPLES
AFORGIS Regional Workshop, China 2019

Mapping Asia Plants (MAP), ABCDNet, CASBig Trees distribution

Plant Collection: in Thailand

Prof. Kai Larsen & Prof. Tem Smitinand• Initiated in 1963 under
Thai-Danish collaboration. 280,000 preserved specimens

290 Families
14,00 spp. (trees and ferns)

Major Threats
Deforestation

IPCC AR5 Report (20120-30% extinction by 2100
If temp. >2-3C

Rainfall in the dry months – 80 mm
Mean temp. in the driest quarter 2.4 C

Mean temp. in the driest quarter changes
between 2000 and 2050

Transforming Analog to Digital Atlasfor education and cons. planning
Modeling

Raw data

Reporting

Environ.
variables
Train data(75%)

PAs & CC scenarios

Observations
Plant community

Conservation
statusTest data (25%)

Raw data from field survey &digitized database

Harmonized dataset, quality
Checked & SDM

Accuracy
assessment

Change detection(gain & loss)

Input Data

Systematic Forest
Inventory

Raw data• BIEN: Thailand 659 spp.; 1,471 records• ITTO/RFDS/DNP: 24,605 records
376 species• Selected spp.: 201 with >20 occurrences

RFD/DNPDNP (2010)

101 spp.

Family = 56
Genera = 134
Species = 201

Hopea pierrei
Barringtonia macrostachya
Alstonia rostrata

212121Spp.

Pterocarpus macrocarpus
Canarium subulatum
Xylia xylocarpa var. kerrii

No. of records777700
600

Shorea siamensis
Shorea obtusa
Nephelium hypoleucum
Syzygium cumini
Aporosa villosa
Spondias pinnata
Vitex pinnata

527
484
388
387
382
374
367

Input Data
Wildlife survey
in protected areas

Total records>34,000

16 wildlife species:
Carnivores: tiger, leopard, dhole
Herbivores: golden jackal, Chinese goral,
banteng,water buffalo, tapir,
elephant, Asiatic black bear, sunbear, gaur, seow, barking deer,sambar, wild boar

DNP (2010)

Wild waterbuffalo (93)Wild boar(9,721)

Elephant(7,129)
Tiger (496)Species Distribution
Model (MaxEnt)
Environmental Factors• Topography (DEM & slope)• 12 bioclimatic variables(non-correlated)

Climate 27.5%
Temp ann. range

1 km resolution• Soil charac.: phys &chem.)• Geology
5 replicate runs
Accuracy assessment of
5 log. thresholds
1) 10percentile2) Equal train sens & spec.
3) Max train sens plus spec.
4) Equal test sens and spec.
5) Max test sens plus spec.

Liu et al. (2005)

Predicted Distribution
Tectona grandis

CurrentFuture(RCP 8.5)

62,668 km2 (12.4%)
Status – none threatened

41,090 km2 (10.3%)
Status – none threatened

Species

Species+/- extent

%%

km2

Shift(%)

Wild buffalo

0.03

0.08

291

73

Banteng

1.95

1.64

-1,554

41

Barking deer

11.08

10.73

-1,75930

A.black bear

5.30

5.91

3,037

30

Dhole

4.74

4.77

185

46

Elephant

5.40

5.15

-1,261

34

2000

2050

+/-%%

km2

Shift(%)

Gaur

5.32

5.50

890

22

Chinese goral

1.50

0.21

-6,45881

Jackal

11.55

11.33

-1,08839

Leopard

3.13

3.40

1,348

39

Sambar

5.44

5.22-1,13633Serow

8.30

8.18-604

37Sun bear

5.23

5.39805

32

Tapir

3.20

2.93-1,349

26

Wild boar

10.86

10.78-441

30

Tiger

3.96

2.86-5,538

41

20002050

GIS geo-species mapserverhttp://geospecies.dyndns.org/GeoSpecies/examples/tree/

National Master Plan ofThailand’s Protected Areas(Wild Animal Preservation Ac t, 2019)17% by 2020
30% Post Aichi
targetClimate Change Priority Areas

Conclusions
In-situ taxonomic survey and description wasinitiated over 60 years with limited use inplanning and not user friendly accessibility.

CC – Cause irreversible changes of some species& ecosystems leading to extinction.
Digital atlas enhances conservation planningand facilitate citizen science & accessibility.

THANK YOU FOR YOUR ATTENTION