IEA HPT: Member Country Report Switzerland
Stephan Renz, Swiss Federal Office of Energy
IEA HPT TCP – Member Country Reports – Switzerland – 21.11.2022 – Renz/SFOE

OUTLINE• Energy Statistics• Development & Statistics of Heat Pumps in Switzerland• Policy, Legislation, ….
• R&D• Swiss Heat Pump Conference• Examples ongoin RD&D Projects• Contacts

IEA HPT TCP – Member Country Reports – Switzerland – 21.11.2022 – Renz/SFOE

2

ENERGY STATISTICS 2021
Detailed energy flow diagram of Switzerland• Total Energy input
1 007 000 TJ• Transformation• Final energy consumption
794 720 TJ• Housholds
241 160 TJ• Industry
153 430 TJ• Services
137 190 TJ• Transport
252 640 TJ• Agriculture, differences
10 300 TJ

https://www.bfe.admin.ch/bfe/de/home/versorgung/statistik-und-geodaten/energiestatistiken/gesamtenergiestatistik.html/
IEA HPT TCP – Member Country Reports – Switzerland – 21.11.2022 – Renz/SFOE

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DEVELOPMENT OF HEAT PUMPS IN SWITZERLAND
Compressorof the firstheat pumpinstalled in theBex saltworks, 1878

Large heatpumps (4.5 MW)
use waste heatfrom river water
power plant andsupply district
heating system,
Birsfelden, 1984

IEA HPT TCP – Member Country Reports – Switzerland – 21.11.2022 – Renz/SFOE

5.86 MW
Walche heatpump plant inZurich, 1942

Micro centrifugal
compressor for heatpumps with small
power anddimension. Image:Development Prof.
J. Schiffmann(EPFL)4

33,704 units

HEAT PUMP STATISTICS

The Swiss Heat
Pump Association
FWS was founded
in 1993 on theinitiative of theSwiss Federal
Office of Energy.

IEA HPT TCP – Member Country Reports – Switzerland – 21.11.2022 – Renz/SFOE

Source FWS
Statistik 2021

5QUALITY MANAGEMENT MEASURES

https://www.ost.ch/en/research-and-consulting-services/technology/systemtechnology/ies-institute-for-energy-systems/heat-pump-test-center-wpz
IEA HPT TCP – Member Country Reports – Switzerland – 21.11.2022 – Renz/SFOE

https://www.wp-systemmodul.ch/de/
6

FIELD MEASUREMENTS

Jahresbericht, 19. Oktober 2021

Bericht «Feldmessungen von Wärmepumpen-Anlagen
Heizsaison 2020/21»

EnergieSchweiz
Bundesamt für Energie BFE

Pulverstrasse 13
CH-3063 Ittigen

Postadresse:CH-3003 BernInfoline 0848 444 444
energieschweiz.ch

Location ofbuildings inSwitzerland
withmeasurements

Annualperformancefactor (JAZ+)
and heatutilization
factor (WNG)
of A/W-HP

https://pubdb.bfe.admin.ch/de/suche?keywords=&q=Feldmessungen&from=&to=&nr
IEA HPT TCP – Member Country Reports – Switzerland – 21.11.2022 – Renz/SFOE

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POLICY AND LEGISLATION
Federal• In the wake of the reactor disaster inFukushima in 2011, the Federal
Council announced a new energy
policy (Energy Strategy 2050), which
included the call for a total revisionof the Federal Energy Act. The
revised Act entered into force on 1
January 2018 after it had been
accepted by a clear majority ofvoters in a referendum held in 2017.
• In the referendum of June 13, 2021,
the revised CO2 Act was rejected
and …
• … lauchend a bunche of new politicaland legislative activities

Cantons
Umsetzung MuKEn 2014
Stand der Umsetzung in den KantonenSH

mit den Arbeiten noch nicht begonnen

BSTG
BL

2 0

vorparlamentarische Phase

JU42öffentliche Phase vor parlamentarischer
Phaseparlamentarische Phase

18

Inkraftsetzung beschlossen oder bereits
erfolgt
Vorlage zurückgewiesen, abgelehnt oder GEnicht eingetreten

ARSZGLNW

FRAI

SGZG

LUNE

BE

nachparlamentarische Phase

ZHAGSOOWURGRVDTIVSStand März 2022

18+2 wenden an, Rest MuKEn 2008 | 4 arbeiten an der Umsetzung | 2 benötigt weiteren Anlauf
EnDK | 31.03.2022 | Bern

1

After 8 years 18/26 cantons have put into force new energy act inthe building sector

IEA HPT TCP – Member Country Reports – Switzerland – 21.11.2022 – Renz/SFOE

8ENERGY PERSPECTIVES 2050+ (ZERO Basis scenario)

250200PJ

150100500189
161062161320206
191164

206
1915
59

221

226

228

208

215

20212030

2021

214252

61

56

53

1714

17
14

1714

27

27

191426

25

51

48

45

20
1420
14

19
1325

25

915

1019

923

925

926

27

26

23

826

21

18

826

15

13

2000

2019

2025

2030

2035

2040

2045

Beleuchtung
Warmwasser
I&K, Unterhaltungsmedien
Antriebe, Prozesse

24

Development of consumption (incl. process heat forCCS) and generation of district heating (in TWh)2

IEA HPT TCP – Member Country Reports – Switzerland – 21.11.2022 – Renz/SFOE

7.7

8

10
2050

0.6
0.81.0
0.9
0.5
1.8
1.0
10.0

10

6

0.3
1.1
1.0

11.8

124

https://www.bfe.admin.ch/bfe/en/home/policy/energy-perspectives-2050-plus.html/

13.4

14726

Raumwärme
Klima, Lüftung und Haustechnik
Prozesswärme
Mobilität

15.0

16

TWh

Development of final energy consumption by use(in PJ)

6.5

0.9
0.2
0.8

1.1
1.1
0.10.6
1.2

1.7
0.2
1.0
0.2
1.6
1.0

2.1

2.3

2000

2019

4.0

8.6
1.5
0.4
1.0
0.6
2.2

1.0
2.8

2.5

1.1
3.4

1.8

5.2

4.46.0

0.8

0.8

0.8

0.8

0.8

2.1

2.1

2.3

2.4

2.5

2.7

2025

2030

2035

2040

2045

2050

0KVA
WP und Elektrokessel
Feste Biomasse

Sonstige *Geothermie
Biogas

Source: Prognos AG / TEP Energy GmbH / INFRAS AG 2020
9CLIMATE-NEUTRAL SWITZERLAND IN 2050
Hydrogen production at run-of-river sites (7 PJ)

Waste incineration with CCS (3.6 Mt CO2 pa)

1.5 million heat pumps(today 0.3 million)

Biomass for process heat

Wind and geothermal energy
with attractive generation profile

Expansion of heat grids in urban areas

Heavy vehicles using rail,bioenergy and hydrogen

Cement and chemical plants
with CCS (2.9 Mt CO2 pa)

3.6 million battery-powered cars
Negative emission
technologies: storage inSwitzerland (3 Mt CO2 pa)
45 TWh from hydropower(53% of production)

Well insulated buildings
with low heating demands
High levels of efficiency
in industrial processes

Graphics: Dina Tschumi; Prognos AG

34 TWh from PV systems, 40% ofproduction (today 2 TWh)https://www.bfe.admin.ch/bfe/en/home/policy/energy-perspectives-2050-plus.html/

ENERGY▪ AEW/AP▪ MARTIN
BABST ▪ 24.06.2021
IEA
HPT TCPPERSPECTIVES– Member Country2050+
ReportsSFOE– Switzerland– 21.11.2022– Renz/SFOE

10 21

FUNDING PROGRAMS FOR HEAT PUMPS
Funding programs for Heating in Industry

Funding programs for Heat Pumps in Buildings

Funding Program
Waste heat utilization

Basel-Stadt

Connection to a heating network
Tender for electricity savings
Heating control ECCO2
Wood heating systemsCanton Basel-City
Wood heating systems (pellets, chips, logs) - onclarification also others
Agricultural biogas plantsCooperative
Mobile pellet heating systems
New construction/extension of heating network
Regulation and control of shaft heating systems
Solar plants
Heat pumps
Heat pumps (air/water, water/water, brine/water)
Heat pumps for process heat
Heat network

Organisation
InfraWatt
Basel-Stadt
Ausschreibung ProKilowatt(Bundesamt für Energie BFE)
Stiftung KliK

Energie Zukunft Schweiz AGÖkostrom Schweiz

Heat pumps that are used as the main heating system and replace anoil, gas or electric heating system are eligible for subsidies.
Air/water HP: CHF8'000.- + Fr. 250.- / kWth
Brine/water HP up to 10 kWth: max. Fr. 30'000.from 10 kWth: Fr. 25'500.- / system + Fr. 450.- /kWth
Additional contribution initial installation heat distribution system:
Fr. 3'000.- + CHF 200.- / kW

Stiftung KliK
Kanton Basel-Stadt
grischconsulta
Kanton Basel-Stadt
Kanton Basel-Stadt
Energie Zukunft Schweiz AG
EnergieSchweiz fürUnternehmen
Stiftung KliK

IEA HPT TCP – Member Country Reports – Switzerland – 21.11.2022 – Renz/SFOE

Solothurn

Only air-to-water heat pumps that replace oil, natural gas orelectric heating systems in existing buildings are eligible forsubsidies. The replaced heating system must be dismantled.
Air/water HP: CHF 4000.- + 150.- per kWthBonus for initial installation heat distribution: 1600 Fr. + 40 Fr.
per kWth11

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Heat Pumps and Refrigeration
Research priorities, 2021‒2024• Technology improvement• Special fields of application• Climate neutral refrigerants• Integration into application systems• Integration into the energy system
https://www.bfe.admin.ch/bfe/en/home/research-and-cleantech/overview-of-innovation-promotion.html
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IEA HPT TCP – Member Country Reports – Switzerland – 21.11.2022 – Renz/SFOE

ANNUAL SWISS HEAT PUMP CONFERENCE

29. Swiss Heat Pump
Conference: 14 June 2023

https://www.bfe.admin.ch/bfe/de/home/forschung-und-cleantech/forschungsprogramme/waermepumpen-und-kaeltetechnik.html
https://www.fws.ch/fachpublikationen/
IEA HPT TCP – Member Country Reports – Switzerland – 21.11.2022 – Renz/SFOE

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HTHP-CH –Integration of High-Temperature Heat Pumps in Swiss Industrial Processes
Swiss Federal Office of Energy SFOE
Further projects
Industrial
Sector

Application/Process
Description

Dairy

Dairy

Food (meat)

Several opportunities
to upgrade variousheat sources (e.g.,waste heat fromammonia chillers, andfrom UP process) tosupply various heatsinks (e.g, UP or UHT
processes, or CIP
processes).

A hot water loop
operated at 105 °C
to supply various
processes currently
being heated by a
district heating supplied
by a waste incineration
plant.
In case of a possible
future decrease of thedistrict heating supply
temperature, a HTHP
could be used toupgrade the heat to 105°C.
HTHP integration in amilk permeate drying
plant supplied by 3bar(g) steam andoperated continuously
could be anotheropportunity to analyze.

Sausage cooking andsmoking, steam demandat 115 °C.
Operation 12 h per day
Waste heat is available asheat source from ammonia
refrigeration units at 40°C to 50 °C§§§§§§§§§Project management
Simulation/modelingResponsible for all WPs
Reporting
Dissemination
Participation IEA Annex 58

IntSGHP
DeCarb-PUI
DeCarbCH

Workshops withstakeholders§§§§

Planners
Consultants
Installers
Manufacturers

Source: CSEM 06.2022
IEA HPT TCP – Member Country Reports – Switzerland – 21.11.2022 – Renz/SFOE

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HTHP-CH –Integration of High-Temperature Heat Pumps in Swiss Industrial Processes
Goals areIntegration & Guidelines
Helping 3 Swiss industrial sites
with the integration of steam
generation heat pump systems
Finding optimal solution using
data analysis, processintegration, market availability,etc.
Preparing for thedemonstration of anintegration
Sharing the experience andcreating guidelines for othercompanies
Source: OST 06.2022
IEA HPT TCP – Member Country Reports – Switzerland – 21.11.2022 – Renz/SFOE

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OPERA - Optimal use of renewable energy with heat pumps for
multi-family buildings under renovation
The benefits of predictive control (MPC)
contrôleurcoûts[CHF]achetée[MWh]vendue[MWh]chauffage
[MWh]

AC
[%]

PID

1’957

6.8

13.0

3.2

26.0

MPC

1’496

4.7

11.4

2.8

35.2

• Réduction de 25% de coûts d'énergie• Augmentation de 35% du taux d’autoconsommation• Pas d’augmentation des besoin d’énergie total

weather forecast(e.g. expected GHI)

heat pumpmode & power
setpoint

validé en pratique!

ambient
temp.

PVpowerroom temp

MPC optimizer

fourni par(Off, Heating, Hot Domestic Water, Cooling)

DHW temp
car schedule(user input)

input

outputcharging powersetpoint

BATT power
setpoint

power import/export

IEA HPT TCP – Member Country Reports – Switzerland – 21.11.2022 – Renz/SFOE

Source: CSEM 06.2022
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Artificial intelligence for heat pump services –Machine learning for heat pump parameters with smart meter data
Example: Variable Speed vs. Fixed Speed Heat Pumps
Heat Map:

Histogram:Heat Map –Zoomed:

Fixed Speed
Heat Pump

Variable Speed
Heat Pump

TSource: Tobisas Brudermüller, Bits to Energy Lab, ETH ZürichIEA HPT TCP – Member Country Reports – Switzerland – 21.11.2022 – Renz/SFOE

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HPCosy - Heat Pump Comfort System
Development of a decentralizedbrine-water heat pump system forapartments in multi-family houses(MFH). This includes the functionsof heating, cooling and hot waterproduction.
Heat pumps are installed in theapartments or on the floor. Thebrine is distributed in the building.

Wärmepumpensystem Optiheat Inverta TWW - CTA AG

Schema der Labormessung

Warmwasserspeicher, Temperaturen und Volumenströme
IEA HPT TCP – Member Country Reports – Switzerland – 21.11.2022 – Renz/SFOE

Source: FHNW 06.2022
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Areal-Überbauung Möriken-Wildegg

3 identical residential buildings with different heat pump concept• 4 MFH, 35 apartments, Minergie-P-Eco
construction, wood/mixed"Swisswoodhouse" construction• 4 heat pump systems with geothermalprobes and "Natural Cooling".
• P-systems east/west, facades, terrace
parapets, total 160 kWp• Interconnection for self-consumption (ZEV)• Control of the entire site with distributed
intelligence and "electricity exchange

Building 1:
Building 2:
Building 3:

No optimization, only DHW production during the day (fixed time program).
Simple optimization with overboosting of the buffer tank and WW production during the day.
Full optimization with active use of the building as a thermal storage.

Building 3:

Increase factor of about 2 in the solar coverage of the HP
With an intelligent control no reduction of the efficiency (in contrast to the pure storage increase).
With an integral thermal management, the comfort is not impaired by this, but even increased.

IEA HPT TCP – Member Country Reports – Switzerland – 21.11.2022 – Renz/SFOE

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CONTACTS

Thanks foryour attention

Stephan Renz

Leitung Forschungsprogramm
Wärmepumpen und Kältetechnikdes Bundesamts für Energie
c/o Beratung Renz Consulting
Elisabethenstrasse 44
CH 4010 Basel
Tel. +41 61 271 76 36
info@renzconsulting.ch

Carina Alles

Bundesamt für Energie BFE
Sektion Energieforschung und Cleantech
CH-3003 Bern
Tel. +41 58 462 43 43
carina.alles@bfe.admin.ch

Rita Kobler

Bundesamt für Energie BFE
Sektion Erneuerbare Energien
3003 Bern
Tel. +41 58 463 30 14
rita.kobler@bfe.admin.ch

IEA HPT TCP – Member Country Reports – Switzerland – 21.11.2022 – Renz/SFOE20