23 Deceember 2021

10th APBON Webinar

Plant Diversity Assessments:

Advanced Understanding by Connecting
Indochina and Japan

Tetsukazu Yahara
Kyushu Open University, Japan

Plant Diversity Assessments
167 plots at 56 locationsof 12 countries

Surveyed (2011- 2019)

Brunei Dalussalam (UBD)
Kuala Belalong FSC
Cambodia (FA)Koh Kong, Bokor, Seima, Siem Reap, Kg
Thom, Kg Chhnang
China (Guangxi Univ.)
Jiuwanshan NR
Laos (NUoL)
Nam Kading NPA, Nam Ha NPA, Phou Khao
Khouay NPA, Dong Hua Sao NPA
Vietnam (ITB, Dalat University)
Ba Vi, Fan Si Pan, Vu Quang, Bach Ma,
Ngoc Linh, Bidoup Nui Ba, Hon Ba
Thailand (BKF, KU)
Doi Inthanon, Phu Kradueng, Maeklong,
Kaeng Krachan, Khao Soi Dao, Khao Luang,
Khao Yai
MyanmarChin, Lampi Island, Indawgyi, Tanintharyi
Malaysia (FRIM, RDID, BRC)
Fraser’s Hill, Pasoh; Batan Ai, Bintulu, Kubah,
Lambir Hills; Kinabalu
Indoneseia (LIPI, Andalas Univ., Hasanudin
Univ.)
Gn. Gede Pangrango NP, Gn. Halimun(Java), Bantimulung Bulusarung (Sulawesi),
Gn. Gadut, Pekambaru (Sumatra), Mandor,Serimbu (W. Kalimantan), Bukit Bangkirai (E.
Kalimantan)
Phillipines (DENR)
BanahaoA standardized belt-transect method
・to record all vascular plants within 100 x 5 m
・to record Height and DBH for trees above 4 m tall

5m

Alt. 1014 m

Alt. 529 m● ● ●● ● ● ●

10m

10m
100m

(1) Collect plants and record data, (2) Taking
photos, (3) Collect leaf pieces for DNA analysis
and (4) Make voucher specimens.

species accumulation curve(5) Identify the plant species based on herbarium
specimens, literature and DNA barcoding(6) Study on taxonomy, ecology, phylogeny and biogeography; Picture guide, Database, etc.

Collecting specimens of tall trees

Recording all species in 100m x 5m
An example of transect record: data from Nam Kading National Park, Laos

100m・・・5m

1st record

Last record

Vascular Plant Species Richness / Transect (500 m2)
132-185 146,148
139
96, 267
135, 202, 207
92-208 109
71-139159, 233
79
183, 20056-85
144
56-170190, 292108
98-251
115-144
134-230158
172,202149-278
186,192
201, 225
142-341
88-239159-276
80-238417,449 18-287
214

164-396

246-409 415,462,512253392
248-329 275
336
195 28-222

189(100 x 4 m)
Fig. species richness observed in one transect line (500m2)

Plant diversity hotspots estimated fromspecimens in 7 families. Raes, Guan,Welzen & Yahara (2013)

Next-generation sequencing of DNA samples

Proportion of new species in Lauraceae
Actinodaphne

Neolitsea 79% (54/68)

Lauraceae
56% (133/238)

Litsea (not assessed)
Cryptocarya
52% (14/27)

Cinnamomum
30% (31/104)

Machilus 87% (34/39)

Not assessed: Alseodaphne, Beilschmiedia, Dehaasia, Nothaphoebe, Phoebe etc.

Litsea accedens (Blume) Boerl.
Litsea verticillata and its allies
LitseaA new genus is discovered in Lauraceae
Neolitsea

Neoactinodaphe hongiaoensis

Actinodaphne

Scientific name: Lauraceae Neoactinodaphne hongiaoensis, gen. & sp. nov.
Local name:
No. V11345# Tagane photoThe area from Bidoup-Nui Ba NP to Hon Ba NR
This area has the highest plant species diversity in Indochina Peninsula

Hongiao

Mt. Langbian

Plant diversity surveys in Bidoup-Nui Ba National Park• Belt transects (100m x 5m); all life forms– Line 1 (1533m)– Line 2 (1807m)– Line 3 (1602m)– Line 4 (1905m; Mt. Langbian)• Plots; only trees– Yellow Plot (1680m, Dinh Gia Rieng, 50x50, Y1-814)– Pink Plot (1666m, Hongiao, 100x10, P1-1000)– Blue Plot (1455m, Giang Ly, 30x50, B1-653)– Langbian Plot (1924m, Mt. Langbian, 30x50, L1-493)– Cong Troi Plot (1866m, 30x50, C1-703)

A total of 2528 specimens collectedScientific name: Lamiaceae Clinopodium sp.
Local name:
No. V10079#Vietnam_Bidoup Nui BaCong Troi (alt. 1884 m)

Scientific name: Lamiaceae Clinopodium sp.
Local name:
No. V4291#Bi Doup Nui Ba
Outside (alt. 1634 m)

Scientific name: Lamiaceae Clinopodium gracile (Benth.) Kuntze
Local name:Vietnam_Fansipan
No. V5363
Outside (alt. 1293 m)#

MIG-seq tree of Clinopodium

C. gracile from N Vietnam

C. sp. nov. from Bidoup

Scientific name: Urticaceae Pellionia sp.
Local name:
No. V7178#

Vietnam_Ba Vi NP
Roadside (alt. 700 m)

Scientific name: Urticaceae Pellionia radicans (Siebold et Zucc.) Wedd.
Local name:オオサンショウショウ
No. JPN3291@ Kaeda Valley, Miyazaki City, Miyazaki, JapanMIG-seq tree of Elatostema subgen. Pellionia“E. radicans” in N Vietnam

E. radicans in Japan

Scientific name: Urticaceae Pellionia pseudoradicans sp. nov.
Local name:
No. V7178#Vietnam_Ba Vi NP
Roadside (alt. 700 m)

MIG-seq tree of Elatostema subgen. Pellionia“E. radicans” in N Vietnam“E. radicans” in S Vietnam

E. radicans in Japan

Elatostema subgen. Pellionia in Bidoup
E. bidoupensis sp. nov. from Bidoup
E. petelotii from Bidoup
E. dissectum from N Vietnam
E. cavalieri
E. grandiradicans nom. nov.
E. tetramera

Scientific name: Urticaceae Elatostema bidoupensis sp. nov.
Local name:Vietnam_Bi Doup-Nui Ba NP
No. V4390
Outside (alt. 1489 m)#

Elatostema subgen. Pellionia in Bidoup
E. bidoupensis sp. nov. from Bidoup
E. petelotii from Bidoup
E. dissectum from N Vietnam
E. cavalieri from C Vietnam
E. grandiradicans nom. nov. from S Vietnam
E. tetramera from N Vietnam

Scientific name: Urticaceae Pellionia petelotii Gagnep.
Local name:
No. V4089#Bi Doup-Nui Ba NP(alt. 1533 m)

Scientific name: Urticaceae Pellionia petelotii Gagnep.
Local name:
No. V9790#Vietnam_Bidoup Nui Ba
Giang Ly (alt. 1460 m)

Hydrangea acuminata ssp. yakushimensis ssp. nov. from Yaku Island, Japan

Photo: K. Fuse

MIG-seq tree of Hydrangea

MIG-seq tree of Hydrangea subgen. Dichroa
H. sp. nov. (Bidoup, Vietnam)
D. hirsuta 1 (Vietnam)
D. latifolia 1 (SE Thailand)
D. latifolia 1 (Java, Indonesia)
D. hirsuta 2 (Laos, N Thailand)

D. febrifuga 1 (Bidoup, Vietnam)

D. febrifuga 2(C Vietnam, Laos, Kalimantan)

Scientific name: Hydrangeaceae Hydrangea (Dichroa) sp. nov.
Local name:Vietnam Biduop Nui Ba
No. V8372
Yellow Plot (Alt. 1669 m)#

Scientific name: Hydrangeaceae Hydrangea (Dichroa) sp. nov. [aff. febrifuga]
Local name:
Bi Doup Nui Ba
No. V8135
Mt. Langbian_(alt. 1962 m)#

Scientific name: Hydrangeaceae Dichloa febrifuga Lour.
Local name:
No. V5575#

Vietnam_Vu Quang
roadside (alt. 43 m)

Conclusion• We can efficiently explore the flora of a particulararea by collecting all species including sterile
plants within plots of 100m x 5m placed along
altitudinal gradients and identifying them withMIG-seq.
• MIG-seq analyses using both Japanese and SE
Asian samples are promising, in the current
situation where we cannot go out in the field.
• Many new species of vascular plants remain to
be described from both Japan and SE Asia. Mostof them are threatened. We should hurry todescribe new species.

Acknowledgements
調査メンバー
Field work: Tagane S, Toyama H, Nagamasu H, Naiki A, Suzuki E, Fujii S, Takeuchi Y, Zhang M, Mase K,Okabe N, Nagahama A, Miki N. MIG-seq & barcoding: Suyama Y, Matsuo A, Hirota S, Sasaki T, Moritsuka E.
Yang Chen-Jui, National Taiwan University
Joeri Stlijk, Guangxi University, China
Phourin Chhang, Forest Administration of Cambodia
Phetlasy Souladeth, National University of LaosSon Van Dang, Institution of Tropical Biology, Vietnam
Hop Tran, University of Ho Chi Minh, Vietnam
Ngoc Van Nguyen, Dalat University, Vietnam
Binh Hoa Tinh, Dalat University, Vietnam
Somran Suddee, Forest Herbarium, Thailand
Sukid Rueangruea, Forest Herbarium, ThailandDokrak Marod, Kasesart Univ., Thailand
Mu Mu Aung, Forest Research Institution, Myanmar
Ferry Slik, University of Brunei Darussalam
Rimi Repin , Sabah Parks Malaysia
Mohizah Bt. Mohamad, Sarawak Herbarium, Malaysia
Bibian Michael Diway, Sarawak Forestry Coorporation, Malaysia
Saw Leng Guan, Forest Research Institute Malaysia
Lim Chung Lu, Forest Research Institute Malaysia
Yao Tze Leong, Forest Research Institute Malaysia
Sam Yen Yen, Forest Research Institute Malaysia
Dedy Darnaedi, Research Center for Biology-LIPI, Indonesia
Marlina Ardiyani, Research Center for Biology-LIPI, Indonesia
Arief Hidayat, Research Center for Biology-LIPI, Indonesia
Anes Syamsuardi, Andalas Univ., Indonesia
Ngakan Putu Oka, Hasanudin Univ., Indonesia

At Datat University, Vietnam

Herbarium: ANDA, BK, BKF, BM, BO, BRUN, FOF, FU, HN, HNL, K, KAG, KEP, L, P, QBG, RAF, RUPP, SAR, SING, TI, TNS, VNM