▫ᩮ࡮ᒝ⟜ઃㄭ࿾ਅߩ࿾⾰᭴ㅧ㧙ߣߊߦḓᚑၸⓍ‛ߩಽᏓߣߘߩၸⓍⅣႺ
⪦ᐕ৻೰ ࡮᳓㊁ᷡ⑲ ࡮દ⮮㗅৻ ࡮ጊਅᶈਯ 
Subsurface geology of Gora region, Hakone Volcano, Japan, with special reference to the buried lacustrine and its
depositional environmentby

Kazutaka MANNEN , Kiyohide MIZUNO , Jun'ichi ITOH and Hiroyuki YAMASHITAAbstract

Gora region is an area having a number of hot springs in the north-eastern part of the caldera floor of Hakone volcano, Japan.
This region is one of the foci of low Bouguer anomalies within the caldera; further, borehole analyses revealed that Neogene
basement is absent in the region. Instead, very thick and massive lapilli tuff (MLT) is mainly detected up to 100 m asl from near
the surface (600–800 m asl). The MLT is poorly sorted, and matrix supported containing lithic breccia originated from the edificeof the Hakone volcano and the basement. Although it contains basement lithic, the matrix shows lower alteration (up to smectite)compared to the basement (up to chlorite and epidote). At the centre of the low-gravity anomaly, the top of the MLT lies at a lower
altitude than the marginal area, and a lacustrine deposit overlies the MLT. Based on the distribution and facies of the MLT, it isconsidered to be a funnel-shaped caldera fill. In this paper, the age of the MLT is discussed based on the analysis of fossil pollen
and diatom within the overlying lacustrine deposit.
The fossil flora of the lacustrine deposit mainly comprises factors of sub-boreal to cool-temperate coniferous forest suchas Picea, Pinus, Abies and Tsuga. The diatom fossils within the lacustrine deposit, which is composed of limnetic factors anddimensions of the paleo-lake, seems to reduce with time. The occurrence of a diatom species, Cyclotella recziekiae, indicated that acold paleoclimate existed during the age of deposition.
The MLT contains dacite breccia of Usui Pass lava of the younger edifice of the Hakone volcano. Thus, the lower limit of the
MLT is determined as the age of Usui Pass lava (0.12 Ma; Hakamata et al., 2005). Since 0.12 Ma, two cool periods were known toexist during the time when the sub-boreal coniferous forest dominated. From the stratigraphical relation, the earlier period seems tocorrelate with the lacustrine age. The pollen assemblage of the earlier cool period is detected in paleosol immediately beneath the
Hk-TP tephra (60–65 ka or MIS4; Tsuji et al., 1984; Machida and Arai, 2003). Thus, the age of the MLT is restricted to 60–120 ka.
This result is consistent with the hypothesis that the MLT is a younger caldera fill (80–60 ka) of the Hakone volcano.

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;QMQ[COCGVCN㧕‫ߦ߼ߓߪޓ‬ߕࠇ߽ߎߩ࿾ၞߩၮ⋚ጤߢ޽ࠆᣂ╙ਃ♽ߩḡࡩፉጀ⟲߿‫▫ޓ‬ᩮἫጊߪධർ⚂ 11km ᧲⷏⚂ 8km ߩ᣿⍎ߥࠞ࡞࠺ᣧᎹಝἯⷺ␕ጤߣߪ⇣ߥࠆ߽ߩߢ‫ޔ‬ਛᄩἫญਐྃ಴‛ߦ࡜࿾ᒻࠍ᦭ߒߡ޿ࠆ‫ޕ‬ᓥ᧪‫࡜࠺࡞ࠞߩߎޔ‬࿾ᒻߪᄢⷙᮨ

ቢోߦⷒࠊࠇߡ߅ࠅ‫ޔ‬࿾⴫ߢߪ⏕⹺ߢ߈ߥ޿‫ޕ‬ਅ㒢ߪ㕖ߥ㒱ᴚߦࠃࠅ↢ߓߚߣ⠨߃ࠄࠇߡ߈ߚ߇‫ⵣޔ‬ઃߌߣߥࠆ

Ᏹߦᷓߊ‫ߩߤࠎߣ߶ޔ‬႐วሹᐩᷓᐲ߹ߢߘߩᐩ߇⹺߼ࠄ

࿾⾰ቇ⊛ߥ⸽᜚߇⷗ߟ߆ࠄߕ‫޿ߒ⹦ߩߘޔ‬ᚑ࿃ߪࠃߊࠊ

ࠇߥ޿‫․ߚߒ߁ߎޕ‬ᓽߦട߃ߡ‫ޔ‬ጤ૕ߩಽᏓၞࠍਛᔃߦ

߆ߞߡ޿ߥ߆ߞߚ
㧔Kunoet al.,1971㧧ਭ㊁‫ޔ‬1972㧕‫ᦨޕ‬ㄭૐ㊀ജ⇣Ᏹ߇⹺߼ࠄࠇࠆߎߣ߆ࠄ‫ߩࠄࠇߎޔ‬ጤ૕ߪߓࠂ

ߩ⎇ⓥߦࠃࠅ‫ޔ‬࿾ᒻ⊛ߥ▫ᩮࠞ࡞࠺࡜ౝߦߪἫጊ␕ಝἯ

߁ߏဳࠞ࡞࠺࡜߿ỘᎹဳࠞ࡞࠺࡜ߣ๭߫ࠇࠆࠞ࡞࠺࡜ߩ

ጤ‫ޔ‬ಝἯⷺ␕ጤ‫ޔ‬ḓᚑၸⓍ‛ߥߤߢలႯߐࠇߚ⋥ᓘ 2km᭴ㅧࠍలႯߔࠆၸⓍ‛ߣߺࠄࠇࠆ‫ޕ‬ḓᚑၸⓍ‛ߪ‫☳⧎ޔ‬એਅߩጤ૕߇ዋߥߊߣ߽㧞ߟ⹺߼ࠄࠇࠆߎߣ߇ࠊ߆ߞߡ

ൻ⍹ࠍ฽߻ߎߣ߆ࠄߘࠇ߆ࠄផቯߐࠇࠆ᳇୥ߣߩኻᔕߦ

߈ߚ㧔⪦ᐕ‫ޔ‬2006㧧⪦ᐕ߶߆‫ޔ‬2006㧕‫ߩࠄࠇߎޕ‬ጤ૕ߪ޿

ࠃࠅၸⓍᐕઍࠍ⛉ࠅㄟ߻ߎߣ߇ߢ߈‫࡜࠺࡞ࠞޔ‬లႯၸⓍ‛ߩᐕઍߩ਄㒢ࠍ⍮ࠆ਄ߢ㊀ⷐߢ޽ࠆ‫ޕ‬޿‫ޕ‬ᓥ᧪ߩ⎇ⓥߢ߽⹦ߒߊ⺰ߓߚ߽ߩߪή޿߇‫ޔ‬ፗ㍙‫ߩߎޓ‬࿾ၞߩ࿾⾰ߦߟ޿ߡߪᄢᧁ߶߆
㧔1968㧕
ߦࠃࠅ◲නၸⓍ‛‫␹ޔ‬ጊ⿠ḮߩἫ⎈ᵹၸⓍ‛ߥߤߩἫ⎈‛㧔ዊᨋ‫ޔ‬ߥႎ๔߇޽ࠆ߇‫ᦨޔ‬ㄭߩ⪺⠪ࠄߩ⎇ⓥߦࠃࠅ‫ޔ‬వߦㅀߴ

1999㧕߿ᣧᎹᵆᵹ
㨇ਭ㊁㧔1972㧕ߩ CC5㧧ዊᨋ㧔1999㧕
㨉ߥߤߚ㧞ߟߩࠞ࡞࠺࡜లႯၸⓍ‛ߩ৻ߟ߇⹺߼ࠄࠇࠆߎߣ߇

߇࿾⴫ઃㄭߦ޽ࠆ߽ߩߣߺࠄࠇࠆ‫ޕ‬᷷ᴰࡏ࡯࡝ࡦࠣߩ࿾

ࠊ߆ߞߡ߈ߚ‫࡜࠺࡞ࠞߩߎޕ‬లႯၸⓍ‛ߩᐕઍ߅ࠃ߮‫ޔ‬⾰⹜ᢱߪ❗ಽ⹜ᢱߢ޽ࠅ‫ޔߟ߆ޔ‬ᵻㇱߩ⹜ᢱߪዋߥ޿ߩ

ḓዥ࿾ၞߩห᭽ߩጤ૕ߣߩኻᲧߪ‫▫ޔ‬ᩮࠞ࡞࠺࡜ߩᒻᚑ

ߢࠃߊࠊ߆ࠄߥ޿߇‫ޔ‬ᱷߐࠇߚ⹜ᢱࠍ⷗ࠆ㒢ࠅ‫ޔ‬ෘ޿ṁࡊࡠ࠮ࠬࠍ⠨߃ࠆ਄ߢ㊀ⷐߢ޽ࠆ‫ᧄޕ‬ႎ๔ߢߪ‫ޔ‬ᒝ⟜ઃጤࠍជࠅᛮ޿ߡ޿ࠆߩߢߪߥߊ࿕⚿ᐲߩૐ޿␕ጤߥ޿ߒ

ㄭߩ࿾ਅߢ⷗ࠄࠇࠆ‫࡜࠺࡞ࠞޔ‬లႯḓᚑၸⓍ‛ߦߟ޿ߡ‫ޔ‬Ἣጊ␕ಝἯጤ߆ࠄߥࠆࠃ߁ߦ⷗߃ࠆ‫ޕ‬฽߹ࠇࠆ␕ߪਛᄩ

⧎☳ൻ⍹ߣ⃯⮺ൻ⍹ߩಽᨆࠍታᣉߒ‫ޔ‬ၸⓍᒰᤨߩฎ᳇୥

Ἣญਐṁጤߩ߽ߩ߇ᄙ޿ߣ⷗ࠄࠇࠆ߇‫ޔ‬ᣂᦼጊ૕ྃ಴‛ߣฎⅣႺࠍ᣿ࠄ߆ߦߒߚߩߢႎ๔ߔࠆ‫ޕ‬ߩਛߦߪਛᄩἫญਐṁጤߣ⸥タጤ⍹ቇ⊛ߦ߽ൻቇ⚵ᚑ⊛ߦ߽඙೎ߢ߈ߥ޿߽ߩ߽޽ࠆߚ߼‫ޔ‬ᣂᦼጊ૕ྃ಴‛߇฽‫ޓ‬ᒝ⟜ઃㄭߩ࿾ਅ᭴ㅧ

߹ࠇߡ޿ࠆน⢻ᕈุ߽ቯߢ߈ߥ޿‫ޕ‬ਅ૏ߦߪ߶߷シ⍹ߩ‫ޓ‬᭎ⷐߺ߆ࠄߥࠆㇱಽ߽޽ࠅ‫ޔ‬㒠ਅシ⍹‫ޔ‬シ⍹ᵹ߹ߚߪߘߩੑ

‫ޓ‬ᒝ⟜ߪ▫ᩮἫጊਛᄩἫญਐർ᧲ㇱߦ૏⟎ߒ‫ޔ‬࿾ᒻ⊛

ᰴၸⓍ‛ߣ⷗ࠄࠇࠆ‫ߥ߁ࠃߩߎޕ‬㔀ᄙߥጤ⋧ࠍ࿑㧞ߢߪߦߪᢳᐲ 10 ᐲ೨ᓟߩᢳ㕙ࠍߥߒߡ޿ࠆ‫ߩߎޕ‬࿾ၞߢߪ‫ޟ‬ፗ㍙ၸⓍ‛‫ޔ‬ਛᄩἫญਐྃ಴‛߅ࠃ߮ߘߩੑᰴၸⓍ‛‫ޠ‬1960 ᐕઍࠍਛᔃߦ᷷ᴰជ೥߇⋓ࠎߦⴕࠊࠇ‫ޔ‬ᄙᢙߩ࿾ߣߒߡ৻᜝ߒߚ‫ޕ‬⾰⹜ᢱ߇ណขߐࠇߚ‫⸃ߩࠄࠇߎޕ‬ᨆ⚿ᨐߪ‫ޔ‬Kunoet al.‫ޓ‬ਛᄩἫญਐ♽ፗ㍙ၸⓍ‛ߩਅ૏ߦߪ৻ㇱߢḓᚑၸⓍ‛ ߿ᄢᧁ߶߆㧔1968㧕ߦ෻ᤋߐࠇߡ޿ࠆ߇‫޿ߒ⹦ޔ‬（1971）

߇⹺߼ࠄࠇࠆ‫ޕ‬ಽᏓ߿ጤ⋧ߪᓟㅀߔࠆ‫ޕ‬࿾⾰⸥タߪߥ޿‫ޕ‬‫ߩߎޓ‬࿾ၞߢၮ⋚ጤࠍ㒰߈߽ߞߣ߽ਅ૏ߦ޽ࠆߩߪ

‫ޓ‬ᚒ‫ޔߪޘ‬Kuno et al.
（1971）ߦࠃࠅᩇ⁁࿑߇૞ᚑߐࠇߚ

ࡑ࠶ࠪࡉߥἫጊ␕ಝἯጤߢ޽ࠆ‫ ࠍࠇߎߪߢߎߎޕ‬MLT

ሹ੗ࠍ฽߼‫ߦߢ߹ࠇߎޔ‬ជ೥ߐࠇߚࡏ࡯࡝ࡦࠣ⹜ᢱߩౣ

㧔massive lapilli tuff 㧕ߣ๭߱‫ޕ‬MLT ߪᶿ᳸߇ᖡߊ‫࡞ࠪޔ‬⸃ᨆࠍታᣉߒ‫▫ޔ‬ᩮ࿾ၞߩ࿾ਅ᭴ㅧࠍౣᬌ⸛ߒߡ޿ࠆ‫ޕ‬࠻〜⍾⾰ߩࡑ࠻࡝࠶ࠢࠬਛߦ㔀ᄙߥᄢ߈ߐ෸߮⒳㘃ߩ⹦ߒ޿⚿ᨐߪ੹ᓟ⊒⴫ߒߡ޿ߊ੍ቯߢ޽ࠆ߇‫ߪߢߎߎޔ‬␕ࠨࠗ࠭ߩጤ

ⷐὐࠍㅀߴࠆ‫ޕ‬ߩ㈩೉ߥߤౝㇱߩ᭴ㅧߪ⹺߼ࠄࠇߥ޿‫ࠫߪߦ␕ߚ߹ޕ‬‫ޓ‬ᒝ⟜ઃㄭߢᚒ‫߇ޘ‬࿾⾰ߩ⸃ᨆࠍⴕߞߚሹ੗ߩಽᏓࠍ

ࠣ࠰࡯ࠢ࡜࠶ࠢߥߤ⎕უࠍ߁ߌߚ᭽ሶ߽⹺߼ࠄࠇߥ޿‫ޕ‬࿑㧝ߦ‫ߩࠄࠇߘޔ‬ᩇ⁁࿑ࠍ࿑㧞ߦ␜ߔ‫ߩߎޕ‬࿾ၞߩ࿾

MLT ߩᄌ⾰⒟ᐲߪ㜞ߊߥߊ‫☼ޔ‬࿯㋶‛ߪ߶ߣࠎߤߩ႐

⾰᭴ㅧߢ․╩ߔߴ߈ὐߪ▫ᩮ࿾ၞߩၮ⋚ߢ޽ࠆᣂ╙ਃวࡕࡦࡕ࡝ࡠ࠽ࠗ࠻߆ࠄࡕࡦࡕ࡝ࡠ࠽ࠗ࠻࡮✛ᵆ⍹ᷙว♽ߩḡࡩፉጀ⟲߅ࠃ߮ᣧᎹಝἯⷺ␕ጤ߇‫ޔ‬ዋߥߊߣ߽

ጀ☼࿯ߩ⊒㆐ࠍ⷗ࠆ⒟ᐲߢ޽ࠆ‫✛ޕ‬ᵆ⍹߇⊒㆐ߔࠆ႐ว

ᮡ㜞 100m એᵻߢߪ⹺߼ࠄࠇߥ޿ߎߣߢ޽ࠆ‫ޕ‬ㄭறߩᣧ߽޽ࠆ߇ጀᐨ⊛ߦ㒢ቯߐࠇߡ޿ࠆ‫ޔߚ߹ޕ‬ㅧጤ㋶‛ߩノᎹᴪ޿ߢᣧᎹಝἯⷺ␕ጤߩ਄㕙߇ᮡ㜞 400 〜 500m ઃㄭ⍹᢬᥏߽ᱷሽߒߡ޿ࠆߎߣ߇ᄙ޿߶߆‫ࠄࠎ߆߫ߒ߫ߒޔ‬ߦ‫ߚ߹ޔ‬ᒝ⟜ർᣇߦ޽ࠆਅḡ႐ߩ᷷ᴰ੗㨇࿑㧞ߩ 21㧧⪦ࠎ⍹᢬᥏߽ᱷሽߔࠆ‫ޕ‬ၮ⋚ߩḡࡩፉጀ⟲߽Ἣጊ␕ಝἯጤ

ᐕ
㧔1999㧕ߩ DTI-1‫ޔ‬Ḯᴰ⇟ภߪ઄⍹ේ╙ 21 ภ੗㨉ߢḡࡩ߆ࠄಝἯⷺ␕ጤߩጀ⋧ࠍ␜ߔ߇‫ޔ‬ᒝߊᄌ⾰ߒߡノ⍹᢬᥏ፉጀ⟲ߩ਄㕙߇ᮡ㜞 230m ઃㄭߦ޽ࠆߎߣࠍ⠨߃ࠆߣ‫ޔ‬߿߆ࠎࠄࠎ⍹᢬᥏߇ቢోߦᄬࠊࠇࠆઁ‫✛߫ߒ߫ߒޔ‬ᵆ⍹ၮ⋚ߪ㒱ᴚߒߡ޿ࠆ߆ᄬࠊࠇߡ޿ࠆ߽ߩߣ⷗ࠄࠇࠆ‫ޕ‬߿✛☄⍹ߩ⊒㆐ࠍߺࠆߎߣߥߤ‫ޔ‬ᄌ⾰ߩ⒟ᐲ߆ࠄ‫ޔ‬MLT‫ߩߘޓ‬ઍࠊࠅߦ‫ߩߎޔ‬࿾ၞߪ਄૏߆ࠄਛᄩἫญਐྃ಴‛ߣߩ㆑޿ߪ᣿⊕ߢ޽ࠆ‫ޕ‬߅ࠃ߮ߘߩፗ㍙ၸⓍ‛‫ޔ‬ḓᚑၸⓍ‛‫ߥࡉࠪ࠶ࡑޔ‬Ἣጊ␕‫ޓ‬MLT ਛߦߪ᣿ࠄ߆ߦᣂᦼጊ૕
㧔ਭ㊁ߩᣂᦼᄖベጊߣหಝἯጤ߆ࠄߥࠆ‫ޕ‬એਅ‫ޔ‬ฦጀߦߟ޿ߡ◲නߦㅀߴࠆ‫ޕ‬ߓ㧧ⵑ↰࡮߶߆‫ޔ‬2005㧕⿠Ḯߣߺࠄࠇࠆጤ

߇฽߹ࠇࠆၮ⾰ᡰᜬߩⷺ␕ጤߢ޽ࠆ‫␕ޕ‬ࠍ฽߻‫ߎޕ‬ߩߎߣ߆ࠄ‫ޔ‬MLT ߩᒻᚑߪᣂᦼጊ૕ᒻᚑએ㒠ߣ⸒߁ߎ‫ޓ‬ᒝ⟜ઃㄭ࿾ਅߩጀᐨ

ߣߦߥࠆ‫ޕ‬‫ޓ‬ਛᄩἫญਐྃ಴‛ߪᒝ⟜ߩධ⷏ߦ޽ࠆᣧ㔕ጊ࿾ၞߢ࿾

‫⎇ᧄޔ߅ߥޓ‬ⓥߢ MLT ߣߒߚ߽ߩߦ㘃ૃߒߚၸⓍ‛ߪ⴫ߦ㔺಴ߒߡ߅ࠅ‫ߩߎޔ‬ઃㄭߢߪࡏ࡯࡝ࡦࠣ⾗ᢱߦၮߠᒝ⟜ߩධᣇ‫ޔ‬╍Ⴆ࿾ၞߦ޽ࠆ᷷ᴰ੗ߢ߽⷗ߟ߆ߞߡ߅ࠅ‫ޔ‬ߊߣ‫ࠅࠃߦࠈߎߣޔ‬ෘߐ 300m ߦ߽㆐ߔࠆಽෘ޿ṁጤ߆ᣢߦ⸥タ߇޽ࠆ
㧔࿑㧞ߩ 23 ⇟੗㧧⪦ᐕ߶߆‫ޔ‬2002㧕‫ޕ‬ࠄߥࠆߎߣ߇⏕߆߼ࠄࠇߡ޿ࠆ
㧔⪦ᐕ࡮ጊਅ‫ޔ‬2005㧕‫߅ޕ‬ߘࠄߊᣧ㔕ጊߪ৻ߟߩṁጤ࠼࡯ࡓߥߩߢ޽ࠈ߁‫ޕ‬‫ޓ‬ᒝ⟜ઃㄭߩ࿾⴫ઃㄭߦߪਛᄩἫญਐṁጤߪ⷗ࠄࠇߥ

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࿑㧞‫ޓ‬ᒝ⟜࿾ၞ෸߮ߘߩ๟ㄝߩ᷷ᴰ੗ߩ࿾⾰ᩇ⁁࿑‫ޕ‬ὐ✢ㇱಽߪផቯ‫ޕ‬(KI%QNWOPCTUGEVKQPUQHVJGDQTGJQNGU&CUJGFNKPGKPFKECVGUKPHGTTGFIGQNQI[QTDQWPFCT[‫ޓ‬/.6 ߩಽ㘃ߣᚑ࿃ᚲ෸߮␹ᄹᎹ⋵┙↢๮ߩᤊ࡮࿾⃿ඳ‛㙚ߩᧂ౏⴫⾗ᢱ‫ޔ‬‫ޓ‬MLT ߩᚑ࿃ߪ੹ᓟߩ⺖㗴ߢ޽ࠆ߇‫ޔ‬ᒝ⟜๟ㄝߩ଀߃

㜞ᯅ߶߆
㧔2006㧕
ࠍෳ⠨ߦߒߚ‫ޕ‬ሹ੗߆ࠄᓧࠄࠇߚἫጊጤ

߫ችࡁਅߥߤߢߪၮ⋚߇⹺߼ࠄࠇࠆᮡ㜞ߦሽ࿷ߔࠆߎ㘃ߩ⸥タጤ⍹ቇ⊛‫ోޔ‬ጤ⚵ᚑ⊛․ᓽߦߟ޿ߡߩ⹦⚦ߪⓂ

ߣ‫ޔ‬ಽᏓߩਛᔃㇱಽߢ⽶ߩ㊀ജ⇣Ᏹࠍ␜ߔߎߣ߿‫ޔ‬ਅࠍᡷ߼ߡႎ๔ߔࠆ੍ቯߢ޽ࠆ‫ޕ‬㒢߇㕖Ᏹߦᷓ޿ߎߣ‫ࠄ߆ߤߥޔߣߎࠆ޽ߢࡉࠪ࠶ࡑޔ‬ṳ᢯ဳࠞ࡞࠺࡜
㧔ỘᎹဳࠞ࡞࠺࡜㧕ߩలႯၸⓍ‛ߣ⷗ࠄ‫╙ޓ‬㧡⇟੗㧔ᚲౝ⸥ภ 㧕ࠇࠆ㧔⪦ᐕ‫ޔ‬2006㧕‫ޕ‬MLT ਛߦߪᧄ⾰‛⾰ߣߺࠄࠇࠆシ‫ ߩ ߎ ޓ‬੗ ᚭ ߪ 1965 ᐕ ߦ ជ ೥ ߇ ⸵ น ߐ ࠇ ߚ ሹ ญ ᮡ 㜞⍹

685m‫ޔ‬ᷓߐ 500m ߩ੗ᚭߢ޽ࠆ‫ޕ‬ᒰᚲߦᚲ⬿ߔࠆ⹜ᢱߪ

ࠍ฽߻ߎߣ߇߹ࠇߢ޽ࠆߎߣ߆ࠄ‫ྃޔ‬Ἣߣหᤨߦ਄ⓨߦ็߈਄߇ߞߚၸⓍ‛㧔fall back㧕ߢ޽ࠆߣߪ⠨߃ߦߊ㧔࿑㧟a㧕‫ޕ‬ߔߴߡ❗ಽߐࠇߚࠦࠕߩᚻᮡᧄ 34 ઙߢ޽ࠆ޿‫ ߊࠄߘ߅ޕ‬MLT ߪࠞ࡞࠺࡜፣უᤨߩ፣⪭ၸⓍ‛㧔㎨↰‫ޔ‬‫ޓ‬ᷓᐲ 72m એᵻߩᚻᮡᧄ㧣⹜ᢱߪ޿ߕࠇ߽߆ࠎࠄࠎ⍹1993㧧⪦ᐕ‫ޔ‬2006㧕
߿ፗ㍙ၸⓍ‛ߥߤߣߺࠄࠇࠆ‫ޕ‬฽᦭ਔノ⍹቟ጊጤ߹ߚߪਔノ⍹቟ጊጤߢ޽ࠆ‫ޕ‬ᮡᧄߪ޿‫ߦߢ߹ࠇߎޓ‬ᬌ⸛ߒߚ⹜ᢱߩ߶ߣࠎߤߪ❗ಽߐࠇߚᚻᮡ

ߕࠇ߽ࡂࡦࡑ࡯ߢ❗ಽߒߚ߽ߩߣ⷗ࠄࠇ‫ޔ‬㍈೑ߥ⎕ᢿ㕙ᧄߢ޽ࠅ‫ޔ‬ជ೥ᤨߩ⸥タ߽߶ߣࠎߤᱷߐࠇߡ޿ߥ޿ߚ߼

ߢ࿐߹ࠇࠆ߇৻ㇱߦ㘑ൻ⊹⤑߇ߟߊߚ߼‫␕ⷺޔ‬ጤߥ޿ߒ

ၸⓍ‛ߩ⹦ߒ޿᭽ሶ߿ᚑ࿃ࠍ⍮ࠆߎߣߪ࿎㔍ߢ޽ࠆ‫ߒޕ‬ⷺ␕ಝἯጤਛߩⷺ␕ߣ⷗ࠄࠇࠆ‫ߩࠬࠢ࠶࡝࠻ࡑޕ‬ઃ⌕ߪ߆ߒ‫ޔ‬MLT ߪ᭴ᚑ☸ሶߩ㆑޿߿࿕⚿ᐲߦ㆑޿߇⷗ࠄࠇ

ߥ޿‫ޕ‬௖߆ߦ⊒ᵃߒߡ޿ࠆ߶߆‫ޔ‬⍹ၮࠟ࡜ࠬ߿㓝ᓸ᥏⾰ࠆ‫ޔߪߢߎߎޕ‬Ყセ⊛ᵻ޿ߣߎࠈߦಽᏓߒ‫ޔ‬シ⍹☸ሶߦߣߺ‫ޔ‬hyalo-ophitic ߹ߚߪ hyalo-pilitic ⚵❱ࠍ␜ߔߣ޿

ࠍ฽߻ߎߣ߇ᄙߊ‫ޔ‬࿕⚿ᐲ߇ૐߊᲧセ⊛ኈᤃߦ፣ࠇࠆ

߁․ᓽ߇޽ࠆ‫ోޕ‬ጤൻቇ⚵ᚑߪਛᄩἫญਐṁጤ߹ߚߪᣂ

MLT ࠍፗ㍙ၸⓍ‛‫ޔ‬シ⍹☸ሶࠍ߶ߣࠎߤ฽߹ߕ‫ޔ‬࿕⚿ᦼጊ૕ߩᵻ㑆ጊṁጤ㧔㜞ᯅ߶߆‫ޔ‬2006㧕ߦ㘃ૃߔࠆ‫ޕ‬ᚻᮡᐲ߇㜞ߊᷓ޿ߣߎࠈߦ↥ߔࠆ MLT ࠍ፣⪭ၸⓍ‛ߣ⠨߃ᧄߒ߆ߥ޿ߚ߼ផ᷹ߩၞࠍ಴ߥ޿߇‫⊒ޔ‬ᵃᐲ߇㜞޿ὐ‫ޔ‬

ߚ㧔࿑㧞㧕
‫ޕ‬

⍹ၮ߇ࠟ࡜ࠬߦን߻ὐ‫ޔ‬ᮡᧄߩᄖ⷗߿᢬᥏㋶‛⚵ߺวࠊߖ߇᭽‫߇ߩ߽ࠆߥ⇣ߦޘ‬ᓧࠄࠇࠆὐߥߤࠍ⠨ᘦߔࠆߣ‫ޔ‬‫ޓ‬ḓᚑၸⓍ‛ߩಽᏓߣߘߩᗧ⟵৻ᨎߩෘ޿ṁጤࠍជࠅᛮ޿ߚߩߢߪߥߊ‫ޔ‬Ყセ⊛⭯޿ⶄ‫ޓ‬೨ㅀߩߣ߅ࠅ‫ޔ‬ᒝ⟜ઃㄭߩ᷷ᴰ੗ߢߪḓᚑၸⓍ‛߇⹺ᢙߩṁጤᵹࠍជࠅᛮ޿ߡ޿ࠆ߆‫ޔ‬ਛᄩἫญਐ߹ߚߪᣂᦼ

߼ࠄࠇࠆߎߣ߇޽ࠆ㧔࿑㧞㧕‫ޕ‬ḓᚑၸⓍ‛ߩ⹺߼ࠄࠇࠆ੗

ᄖベጊߩጊ㣽ߦ⊒㆐ߒߚፗ㍙ࠍជࠅᛮ޿ߚ߽ߩߣ⷗ࠄࠇ

ᚭߪૐ㊀ജ⇣Ᏹߩਛᄩㇱಽߦዪ࿷ߒߡ޿ࠆ‫ޕ‬ḓᚑၸⓍ‛ࠆ‫ޕ‬ߪ޿ߕࠇߩ੗ᚭߢ߽ᮡ㜞 300m ߆ࠄ 400m ೨ᓟߦ޽ࠅ‫ޔ‬‫ޓ‬ᷓᐲ 72 〜 250m ߩᚻᮡᧄߪ‫ޔ‬ಝἯ⾰⍾ጤ‫ޔ‬ಝἯ⾰ᵆጤ‫ޔ‬ห৻ߩ߽ߩߣ⷗ࠄࠇࠆ‫ߩઁޕ‬Ἣጊߩࠞ࡞࠺࡜లႯၸⓍ‛Ἣጊ␕ಝἯጤ‫ޔ‬シ⍹ߢ޽ࠆ‫ޕ‬ᒙߊᄌ⾰ߒߡ߅ࠅ‫ޔ‬ᄙߊߩߢ߽ḓᚑၸⓍ‛ߪࠞ࡞࠺࡜ਛᄩㇱߢ⹺߼ࠄࠇࠆ߇‫ࠇߎޔ‬⹜ᢱߢࡕࡦࡕ࡝ࡠ࠽ࠗ࠻߇⹺߼ࠄࠇࠆ߶߆‫ޔ‬ᣇ⸃⍹߇⹺ߪࠞ࡞࠺࡜లႯၸⓍ‛߇ࠞ࡞࠺࡜ਛᄩㇱߢ߽ߞߣ߽ෘ޿

߼ࠄࠇࠆ႐ว߽޽ࠆ‫ޕ‬シ⍹ߪࠟ࡜ࠬߦን߻߇߶ߣࠎߤᄬ

ߚ߼ߦ‫ޔ‬࿶ኒߦࠃߞߡਛᄩㇱ߶ߤ㒱ᴚߔࠆߚ߼ߣߐࠇࠆ

ㅘߒߡ޿ࠆ‫ޕ‬ಝἯ⾰⍾ጤ‫ޔ‬ಝἯ⾰ᵆጤߪシ⍹⾰ߢ‫ޔ‬ήጀ㧔㤥ა࡮࿯੗‫ޔ‬2003㧧㣮㊁߶߆‫ޔ‬2006㧕‫ޕ‬ᒝ⟜ઃㄭߩ࿾ਅ

ℂߢ޽ࠆ‫ޕ‬シ⍹ߪ⚵ᚑ⊛ߦߪਛᄩἫญਐṁጤߦ㘃ૃߔࠆߩḓᚑၸⓍ‛߽ࠞ࡞࠺࡜లႯၸⓍ‛ߩ࿶ኒߦࠃࠆၸⓍ⋆߇‫ߩ࡝ࠞ࡞ࠕޔ‬Ყ₸ߦᄌ⾰ߩᓇ㗀߇⹺߼ࠄࠇࠆ‫ޕ‬ၮᧄ⊛ᒻᚑߦ㑐ଥߒߡ޿ࠆ߽ߩߣ⷗ࠄࠇࠆ‫ޕ‬MLT ߩ਄㕙ᷓᐲߦߪਛᄩἫญਐ⿠Ḯߩシ⍹ࠍᄙߊ฽߻ፗ㍙߿ጤድߥߛࠇ

߇ࠞ࡞࠺࡜ਛᄩㇱߢૐ޿ߎߣߪ‫ߩߎޔ‬⠨߃ߩᅷᒰᕈࠍ␜

ၸⓍ‛ߣ⷗ࠄࠇࠆ‫ޕ‬ߒߡ޿ࠆ‫ޕ‬‫ޓ‬ᷓᐲ 250 〜 412m ߩᚻᮡᧄߪシ⍹⾰ߩ☻☸⍾߆ࠄࠪ࡞࠻ࠨࠗ࠭ߩಝἯ⾰⍾ጤߥ޿ߒಝἯ⾰ࠪ࡞࠻ጤߢ޽ࠅ‫ޔ‬ή‫ޓ‬ሹ੗ߩ࿾⾰ጀℂߩ߽ߩ߽޽ࠆ߇‫ޔ‬1mm ⒟ᐲߩෘߐߩ࡝࠭ࡒࠞ࡞ߥ

‫੹ޓ‬࿁‫ޔ‬ḓᚑၸⓍ‛ਛߩᓸൻ⍹ࠍ⸃ᨆߒߚߩߪ Kuno et⍾ᵆ੕ጀ߆ࠄߥࠆ߽ߩ߽޽ࠆ‫☳⧎ޔߪߦࠄࠇߎߚ߹ޕ‬ൻal.（1971）ߩ╙㧡⇟ߣ╙㧢⇟ߦ޽ߚࠆ‫ޕ‬ฦ‫ߩޘ‬੗ᚭߦߟ⍹߇฽߹ࠇࠆ‫߿ߣߎߩߎޕ‬ጀℂ߆ࠄḓᚑၸⓍ‛ߣ್ᢿߒ޿ߡߘߩ࿾⾰ࠍએਅߦㅀߴࠆ‫ޔ߅ߥޕ‬ሹ੗ౝ߆ࠄណขߐ

ߚ‫ߩࠄࠇߎޕ‬ၸⓍ‛ߦߟ޿ߡߪ⧎☳ൻ⍹‫ޔ‬෸⃯߮⮺ൻ⍹ࠇߚἫጊጤߪጤ⍹ߩోጤൻቇ⚵ᚑಽᨆߩ⚿ᨐ߆ࠄኻᲧࠍ

ߩ⟲㓸⸃ᨆࠍⴕߞߚ‫⚿ޕ‬ᨐߪᓟㅀߔࠆ‫ޕ‬ⴕߞߚ‫ޕ‬ಽᨆߪ␹ᄹᎹ⋵┙↢๮ߩᤊ࡮࿾⃿ඳ‛㙚⸳⟎ߩ‫ޓ‬ᷓᐲ 412m એᷓߪᮡᧄ߇ዋߥ޿‫ޕ‬ᷓᐲ 425m ߩ࠺ࠗࠨⰯశࠛ࠶ࠢࠬ✢ಽᨆⵝ⟎ߢ޽ࠆፉᵤ⵾૞ᚲ⵾ XRF-1500

ࠗ࠻ṁጤߪࡑ࠻࡝࠶ࠢࠬ߿㘑ൻ⊹⤑ߩઃ⌕߇ߥߊᏂ␕

ࠍ↪޿‫ޔ‬ಽᨆߩᣇᴺ߅ࠃ߮⹜ᢱ⺞ᢛߪዊ಴߶߆
（2000）ߦ

ࠍជࠅᛮ޿ߚน⢻ᕈ߇㜞޿߇‫⚵ޔ‬ᚑ⊛ߦߪᣂᦼᄖベጊଐߞߚ‫ޕ‬ኻᾖߣߥࠆ࿾⴫ߩἫጊጤߩోጤൻቇ⚵ᚑ୯ߪᒰྃ಴‛‫⎽ߦߊߣޔ‬᳖ጼṁጤ㧔㜞ᯅ߶߆‫ޔ‬2006㧧ⵑ↰߶߆‫ޔ‬

2005㧕ߣ㘃ૃߒߡ޿ࠆ‫ޕ‬ᷓᐲ 479m ߩ߽ߩߪシ⍹⾰ߩಝἯ⾰⍾ጤߢ޽ࠆ߇‫ޔ‬ᄌ⾰ߩ⒟ᐲߪࠬࡔࠢ࠲ࠗ࠻ߣᣇ⸃⍹߇⊒㆐ߔࠆ⒟ᐲߢ‫ޔ‬૛ࠅ㜞ߊߥ޿‫ޕ‬‫ޓ‬ᷓᐲ 72m એᷓߪ☸ᓘߩ㆑޿ߪ޽ࠆ߽ߩߩၮᧄ⊛ߦシ⍹⾰ߢၸⓍ⋆ߦᄢ߈ߥ㆑޿ߪߥ޿ߣᕁࠊࠇࠆ‫ޕ‬߅ߘࠄߊ‫ޔ‬ߎߩ඙㑆ߪࠞ࡞࠺࡜ᒻᚑᤨߦ↢ߓߚಳ࿾ߩၸⓍ‛ߢ‫☻ޔ‬☸ㇱಽߪ‫ޔ‬๟ㄝ߆ࠄߩォ⍹߿࿯⍹ᵹࠍ⿠Ḯߣߔࠆጤ႙߿
Ἣጊ␕ಝἯጤߢ޽ࠅ‫☸⚦ޔ‬ㇱಽߪၸⓍ⋆߇㕒Ⓩߥߣ߈ߩ
᳓ਛၸⓍ‛ߣ⷗ࠄࠇࠆ‫ޕ‬‫ޓ‬એ਄ߩߎߣ߆ࠄߎߎߢߪᧄሹ੗ߩ࿾⾰ࠍ‫ޔ‬ᷓᐲ 0 〜
72m ፗ㍙ၸⓍ‛‫ޔ‬ᷓᐲ 72 㨪 250m ਛᄩἫญਐྃ಴‛߹ߚߪߘߩੑᰴၸⓍ‛‫ޔ‬ᷓᐲ 250 㨪 412m ḓᚑၸⓍ‛‫ޔ‬ᷓ
ᐲ 412m એᷓሹᐩ߹ߢ MLT
㧔ፗ㍙ၸⓍ‛㧕ߣ⸃㉼ߒߚ‫ޕ‬‫ᧄޓ‬ሹ੗ߪ Kunoet al.（1971）߇‫ޔ‬ᷓᐲ 0 㨪 185m ਛᄩἫญਐṁጤ‫ޔ‬ᷓᐲ 185 㨪 465m ฎᦼᄖベጊྃ಴‛㧔OS2
߅ࠃ߮ OS1㧕‫ޔ‬ᷓᐲ 465 㨪 495m
㨇ሹᐩ㨉ḡࡩፉጀ⟲‫ߣޔ‬ߒߡ޿ࠆ߇‫⎇ᧄޔ‬ⓥߩ⸥タߣኻᔕߖߕ‫ߦ߁ࠃߩߘߗߥޔ‬⠨߃ߚ߆ߪࠊ߆ࠄߥ޿‫⃻ޕ‬࿷ᱷߐࠇߚ⹜ᢱߢ߽ߞߣ߽ᷓ
޿ߩߪ 479m ߩ߽ߩߢ޽ࠆ߇‫ޔ‬ᄌ⾰ߩ⒟ᐲ߆ࠄ⷗ߡߎࠇ
ߪḡࡩፉጀ⟲ߢߪߥ޿‫ޕ‬‫╙ޓ‬㧢⇟੗㧔ᚲౝ⸥ภ 㧕‫ᧄޓ‬ሹ੗ߪ 1968 ᐕߦជ೥߇⸵นߐࠇߚሹญᮡ㜞 642m‫ޔ‬ᷓ ߐ 828m ߩ ᷷ ᴰ ੗ ߢ ޽ ࠆ‫ ⃻ ޕ‬࿷ ᒰ ᚲ ߦ ߪ ᷓ ᐲ 245m
߆ࠄ 755.2m ߩࠦࠕ⹜ᢱ 100 ὐએ਄߇ᱷߐࠇߡ޿ࠆ㧔࿑3b㧕‫ޕ‬
‫ޓ‬ᷓᐲ 245 㨪 330m ߪಝἯ⾰ߩ␕ጤ߆ࠄࠪ࡞࠻ጤࠍਥ૕
ߣߒ‫ߦ⊛⥸ోޔ‬シ⍹ߩࠟ࡜ࠬ⾰ߢ޽ࠆ‫ޕ‬ᄌ⾰ߪ௖߆ߢ‫ޔ‬ࠟ࡜ࠬߩ৻ㇱ߇ᄬㅘߒߡ޿ࠆ߶߆‫ޔ‬ノ⍹ߩ৻ㇱ߇ࡕࡦࡕ࡝ࡠ࠽ࠗ࠻ߦ⟎឵ߐࠇߡ޿ࠆ⒟ᐲߢߒ߆ߥ޿‫ޕ‬⧎☳ൻ⍹‫ޔ‬⃯⮺ൻ⍹߇฽߹ࠇ‫⟲ޔ‬㓸⸃ᨆࠍⴕߞߚ‫⚿ߩߘޕ‬ᨐߦߟ޿ߡߪᓟㅀߔࠆ‫⮺⃯ޕ‬ൻ⍹߇฽߹ࠇߡ޿ࠆߎߣ߿‫ޔ‬ጀ⋧߆ࠄ⷗ߡḓᚑၸⓍ‛ߣ⠨߃ࠄࠇࠆ‫ޕ‬‫ޓ‬ᷓᐲ 330 㨪 384m ߪᣂ㞲ߥ₵ᱞጤ‫₵ޔ‬ᱞጤ⾰቟ጊጤ‫ޔ‬቟ጊጤ‫࠻࡞ࠪޔ࠻ࠗࠨࠗ࠺ޔ‬ጤߢ޽ࠆ‫❗ޕ‬ಽ⹜ᢱߢ޽ࠆ
ߚ߼‫ߩߣ߽ߣ߽ޔ‬ᄖᒻߪࠃߊࠊ߆ࠄߥ޿߽ߩ߇ᄙ޿߇‫ޔ‬㘑ൻ⊹⤑ߩߟ޿ߡ޿ࠆ⹜ᢱ߽޿ߊߟ߆฽߹ࠇ‫߆ࠄࠇߎޔ‬ࠄផቯߔࠆߣ‫ޔ‬੝ⷺ␕ߢ޽ࠆߣ⷗ࠄࠇࠆ‫ߪߣ߽ޕ‬Ἣጊ␕ಝἯጤߢߘߩⷺ␕ࠍ଻ሽߒߚ߽ߩߣ⷗ࠄࠇࠆ‫࠶࡝࠻ࡑޕ‬ࠢࠬ߇߶ߣࠎߤઃ⌕ߒߡ޿ߥ޿ߎߣ߆ࠄ‫ޔ‬రߩἫጊ␕ಝ
Ἧጤߩ࿕⚿ᐲߪ㕖Ᏹߦૐ߆ߞߚ߽ߩߣ⷗ࠄࠇࠆ‫ޕ‬ൻቇ⚵ᚑ߆ࠄ್ᢿߔࠆߣ‫ޔ‬ฎᦼጊ૕ࠍ⿠Ḯߣߔࠆ߽ߩ߇ᄙߊ‫ޔ‬ߘߩઁ‫ޔ‬ᣂᦼጊ૕ߩ㣔Ꮍጊṁጤ‫ޔ‬ᵻ㑆ጊṁጤߦ㘃ૃߒߚ߽ߩ߇⧯ᐓ฽߹ࠇࠆ‫ޕ‬ᷓᐲ 384m ߢࠃߊ࿕⚿ߒߚࠪ࡞࠻
ጤ߇⷗ߟ߆ࠆߎߣ߆ࠄߎߩ඙㑆߽ߘߩ೨ߩ඙㑆㧔245 㨪࿑㧟C‫  ╙ޓ‬ภ੗ߩ࿾⾰ᩇ⁁࿑(KIC%QNWOPCTUGEVKQPUQHPQYGNN࿑㧟D‫  ╙ޓ‬ภ੗ߩ࿾⾰ᩇ⁁࿑(KID%QNWOPCTUGEVKQPUQHPQYGNN



330m㧕ߣห᭽‫ޔ‬ḓᴧߦ߅ߌࠆፗ㍙ᕈߩ᳓ਛၸⓍ‛߆߽⍮

386 㨪 426m ᣂᦼᄖベጊྃ಴‛‫ޔ‬ᷓᐲ 426 㨪 480m ᣧᎹࠇߥ޿‫ޕ‬

ಝἯⷺ␕ጤ‫ޔ‬ᷓᐲ 480 㨪 800m
㨇ሹᐩ㨉ḡࡩፉጀ⟲‫ߐߣޔ‬‫ޓ‬ᷓᐲ 396 㨪 430m ߪ߶ߣࠎߤ߇ᣂ㞲ߥᢳᣇノ⍹නᢳノࠇࠆ‫ޕ‬⍹࠺ࠗࠨࠗ࠻ߢ޽ࠆ‫ߩߎޕ‬ᢳᣇノ⍹නᢳノ⍹࠺ࠗࠨࠗ࠻

‫ޓ‬Kuno et al.（1971） ߇ᣂᦼシ⍹ᵹၸⓍ‛ߣߒߚ▸࿐ߦߪᢳ㐳⍹߇ 5% એਅ‫ޔ‬ᢳᣇノ⍹߇ 1% ೨ᓟ‫ޔ‬නᢳノ⍹ߪߟ޿ߡߪ‫⎇ᧄޔ‬ⓥߢḓᚑၸⓍ‛ߣߒߚ▸࿐ߦ߶߷৻⥌ߔᢳᣇノ⍹ࠃࠅ௖߆ߦᄙ޿⒟ᐲ฽߹ࠇ‫ޔ‬⍹ၮߪ㓝ᓸ᥏⾰ߣࠆ߇‫ߪࠇߎޔ‬ḓᚑၸⓍ‛ਛߦ฽߹ࠇࠆシ⍹߆ࠄシ⍹ᵹၸࠟ࡜ࠬࠃࠅߥࠆ‫ోޕ‬ጤൻቇ⚵ᚑ‫⸥ޔ‬タጤ⍹ቇ⊛․ᓽߪᣂⓍ‛ߣ⺋⹺ߒߚ߽ߩߣ⷗ࠄࠇࠆ‫ޔߡߞ߇ߚߒޕ‬ḓᚑၸⓍ

ᦼᄖベጊྃ಴‛ߩ⎽᳖ጼṁጤߩ߽ߩߣ㉃ૃߔࠆ‫ޔߚ߹ޕ‬‛ߩ਄㒢ߪᷓᐲ 245m ࠃࠅ߽਄ߩᷓᐲ 200m ߦ㆐ߔࠆߣ

415m ߪ߆ࠎࠄࠎ⍹฽᦭ᢳᣇノ⍹නᢳノ⍹቟ጊጤ‫ޔ‬416m

⷗ࠆߩ߇ᅷᒰߢ޽ࠈ߁‫ޕ‬ߪಝἯ⾰⍾ጤߢ޽ࠆ‫ޕ‬415m ߩ቟ጊጤߪᣂᦼᄖベጊྃ಴‫ޔߚ߹ޓ‬Kuno et al.（1971） ߇ၮ⋚ጤߣߒߚᷓᐲ඙㑆ߦߩ߽ߩߦ㘃ૃߒ‫ోޔ‬ጤൻቇ⚵ᚑ⊛ߦߪᵻ㑆ጊߩ߽ߩߦㄭ

ߟ޿ߡߪ‫ޔ‬ၮ⋚ጤ⿠Ḯߩጤ޿‫ޕ‬⍹߇ᱷሽߔࠆߥߤᄌ⾰ߩᐲว޿߇㜞ߊߥ޿ߎߣߦട߃‫ޔ‬‫ޓ‬ᷓᐲ 430m એᷓߪၮᧄ⊛ߦၮ⾰ᡰᜬߩἫጊ␕ಝἯጤߢ

ฎᦼᄖベጊ‫ޔ‬ᣂᦼᄖベጊ⿠Ḯߩⷺ␕ࠍ฽߻‫ޔ߼ߚߩߎޕ‬޽ࠆߣ⷗ࠄࠇࠆ‫ߩߎޕ‬ᷓᐲ඙㑆ߢߪ‫ࠈߎߤࠈߎߣޔ‬Ꮒ

Kuno et al.（1971）ߩ⹺ቯߪਇㆡಾߢ޽ࠈ߁‫ޕ‬␕߅ࠃ߮ࡑ࠻࡝࠶ࠢࠬࠍࠨࡦࡊ࡝ࡦࠣߒߚߣ⷗ࠄࠇࠆᚻ

‫ޓ‬એ਄‫⎇ᧄޔ‬ⓥߦࠃࠆ࿾ጀ඙ಽߣ Kunoet al.（1971）߅

ᮡᧄ߇޽ࠆ‫ߪࠬࠢ࠶࡝࠻ࡑޕ‬࿕⚿ߒߡ߅ࠅ‫ޔ‬฽߹ࠇࠆጤ

ࠃ᷷߮ᴰ࿾ቇ⎇ⓥᚲߩ⾗ᢱ߆ࠄ‫ᧄޔ‬ႎ๔ߢߪᧄሹ੗ߩ࿾

ߪኈᤃߦ㔌⣕ߒߥ޿‫ޕ‬Ꮒ␕ߪ޿ߕࠇ߽ᣂ㞲ߢ‫৻ޔ‬ㇱߢ⾰ࠍ‫ޔ‬ᷓᐲ 0 㨪 80m ਛᄩἫญਐ␹ጊྃ಴‛㨇ਭ㊁㧔1972㧕ߪ߆ࠎࠄࠎ⍹߇ᱷሽߔࠆߥߤ߶ߣࠎߤᄌ⾰ߒߡ޿ߥ޿ߎ

ߩ CC5㨉
‫ޔ‬ᷓᐲ 80 㨪 200m ਛᄩἫญਐἫጊ౞␕ጤ
㨇ਭ㊁ߣ߽޽ࠆ‫ޕ‬ฎᦼᄖベጊྃ಴‛ࠍ⿠Ḯߣߔࠆߣ⷗ࠄࠇࠆ₵ߩᣧᎹᵆᵹߦ⋧ᒰ㨉‫ޔ‬ᷓᐲ 200
㧔1972㧕ߩ CC2‫ޔ‬ዊᨋ㧔1999㧕ᱞጤߥ޿ߒ₵ᱞጤ⾰቟ጊጤ߇߶ߣࠎߤߢ޽ࠆ߇‫ߛߟ৻ޔ‬㨪 330m ḓᚑၸⓍ‛‫ޔ‬ᷓᐲ 330 㨪 400m MLT
㧔ፗ㍙ၸⓍߌනᢳノ⍹ᢳᣇノ⍹቟ጊጤ㧔ᷓᐲ 520m㧕ࠍ฽߻‫ߪࠇߎޕ‬‛㧕‫ޔ‬ᷓᐲ 400 㨪 430m ߇ MLT ਛߩᏂ␕㧔ᣂᦼᄖベጊߩൻቇ⚵ᚑ⊛ߦߪ⎽᳖ጼṁጤ㧔㜞ᯅ߶߆‫ޔ‬2006㧧ⵑ↰߶߆‫ޔ‬፣⪭ၸⓍ‛㧕
‫ޔ‬ᷓᐲ 430m એᷓ߇ MLT
㧔፣⪭ၸⓍ‛㧕‫ߣޔ‬

2005㧕ߣૃߡ޿ࠆ߇‫ޔ‬᢬᥏㋶‛⚵ߺวࠊߖߪ‫ޔ‬ᢳᣇノ⍹ߒߚ㧔࿑ 2 ߅ࠃ߮࿑ 3b㧕‫ޕ‬ࠍ฽߻߽ߩߩ‫ࠎࠄࠎ߆ޔ‬ߩᣇ߇ᄙߊ‫ోޔ‬૕ߩ᢬᥏㊂߽߿߿ᄙ߼ߢ޽ࠆߥߤ‫ޔ‬หቯߦߪ⥋ࠄߥ޿‫ޕ‬Ἣጊ␕ಝἯጤਛߩ␕ߪၮᧄ⊛ߦⷺ␕ߢ޽

‫ޓ‬ḓᚑၸⓍ‛ߩಽᨆࠆ߇‫߿߿ޔ‬౞⏴ߒߚ߽ߩ߽฽߹ࠇࠆ‫ޕ‬ᷓᐲ 550 㨪 600m‫╙ޓ‬㧡⇟੗ߩᷓᐲ 294 㨪 412m ߩ㧤⹜ᢱ‫╙ޔ‬㧢⇟੗ߩᷓઃㄭߢߪ✛ᵆ⍹߇⊒㆐ߔࠆߥߤᄌ⾰ߩ⒟ᐲ߇ᄢ߈޿߇‫ޔ‬

ᐲ 245 㨪 328.5m ߩ㧥⹜ᢱߦߟ޿ߡ‫ޔ‬ᩣᑼળ␠ࡄ࡝ࡁ࡮

ߘࠇએᄖߩᷓᐲߢߪ‫ޔ‬ၮ⾰ߩᄌ⾰ߪࡕࡦࡕ࡝ࡠ࠽ࠗ࠻߇

ࠨ࡯ࡧࠚࠗߦ⧎☳ൻ⍹ߣ⃯⮺ൻ⍹ߩಽᨆࠍᆔ⸤ߒߚ‫ޕ‬એ߿߿⊒㆐ߔࠆ⒟ᐲߢ‫ࠅࠃࠇߎ߫߃ߣߚޔ‬ᷓ޿ᷓᐲ 680m

ਅ‫ޔ‬ห␠ߩႎ๔ᦠࠍరߦ‫ޔ‬ಽᨆߩᚻᴺߣ⚿ᨐࠍㅀߴࠆ‫ޕ‬ߩ₵ᱞጤⷺ␕ߪ‫ࠎࠄࠎ߆ޔ‬⍹᢬᥏߇ᱷሽߔࠆ‫ޔߒߛߚޕ‬ߘߩࠃ߁ߦᄌ⾰ᐲߩૐ޿ᷓᐲ඙㑆ߢ߽‫ޔ‬฽߹ࠇࠆዊ␕߿

‫☳⧎ޓ‬ൻ⍹ߩಽᨆ⍾☸ߪߎࠇࠃࠅᄌ⾰ߩᐲว޿߇㜞޿߫޽޿߇޽ࠅ‫ࡦࡕޔ‬‫☳⧎ޓ‬ൻ⍹ߩಽᨆᣇᴺ

ࡕ࡝ࡠ࠽ࠗ࠻࡮✛ᵆ⍹ᷙวጀ☼࿯‫✛ޔ‬ᵆ⍹߇৻⥸ߦ⷗ࠄ‫⹜ࠕࠦޓ‬ᢱ߆ࠄ⚂ 10g ⒊㊂ߒ‫ޔ‬Ⴎ㉄ಣℂߦࠃࠅ὇㉄Ⴎ㋶ࠇࠆ߶߆‫৻ޔ‬ㇱߢ✛☄⍹߽⷗ࠄࠇࠆ‫৻ޔߪߣߎߩߎޕ‬ㇱ‛ߩ㒰෰ࠍⴕ߁‫࠶ࡈޕ‬ൻ᳓⚛㉄ಣℂߦࠃࠅ⃯㉄⾰ߩṁ⸃ߩ␕߇ၮ⋚ጤ㘃߆ࠄଏ⛎ߐࠇߡ޿ࠆߎߣࠍ␜ໂߔࠆ‫ޕ‬ߣ⹜ᢱߩᵆൻࠍⴕ߁‫ޕ‬ᰴߦ㊀ᶧ㧔ZnBr2 Ყ㊀ 2.2㧕ࠍ↪޿‫ᧄޓ‬ሹ੗ߩ࿾⾰ࠍ߹ߣ߼ࠆߣ‫ޔ‬ᷓᐲ 245 㨪 330m ߪḓᚑߡ㋶‛⾰ߣ᦭ᯏ‛ࠍಽ㔌ߐߖ‫᦭ޔ‬ᯏ‛ࠍỚ㓸ߔࠆ‫ߩߎޕ‬

ၸⓍ‛‫ޔ‬ᷓᐲ 330 㨪 400m ߪ MLT
㧔ፗ㍙ၸⓍ‛㧕‫ޔ‬ᷓᐲ᦭ᯏ‛ᱷᷲߦߟ޿ߡ‫ࠬࠪ࡝࠻࠮ࠕޔ‬ಣℂࠍⴕ޿ᬀ‛ㆮ૕

400 㨪 430m ߇ MLT ਛߩᏂ␕㧔ᣂᦼᄖベጊߩ፣⪭ၸⓍ‛㧕‫ޔ‬ਛߩ࠮࡞ࡠ࡯ࠬࠍട᳓ಽ⸃ߒ‫ᦨޔ‬ᓟߦ KOH ಣℂߦࠃࠅᷓᐲ 430m એᷓ߇ MLT
㧔፣⪭ၸⓍ‛㧕‫ޔߒߛߚޔ‬ḓᚑၸ⣣ᬀ㉄ߩṁ⸃ࠍⴕ߁‫ޕ‬Ⓧ‛ߩ਄㒢ߪ⹜ᢱ߇ߥ޿ߚ߼ਇ᣿‫ޕࠆߥߦߣߎ߁޿ߣޔ‬‫ᦨޓ‬ᓟߦ᳓ᵞߒ‫ޔ‬ᬌ㏜↪ߣߒߚ‫ޕ‬ಣℂᓟߩᱷᷲߪ‫ߊࠃޔ‬‫ޓ‬Kunoet al.（1971）߅ࠃ᷷߮ᴰ࿾ቇ⎇ⓥᚲౝߩ⾗ᢱߦᡬᜈߒࡑࠗࠢࡠࡇࡍ࠶࠻ߢㆡ㊂ࠍߣࠅ‫ߢࡦ࡝࠮࡝ࠣޔ‬ኽࠃࠆߣᧄሹ੗ߩ࿾⾰ߪ‫ޔ‬ᷓᐲ 0 㨪 80m ਛᄩἫญਐ␹ጊ

౉ߒᬌ㏜ߒߚ‫ޕ‬ྃ಴‛㨇ਭ㊁㧔1972㧕ߩ CC5㨉‫ޔ‬ᷓᐲ 80 㨪 200m ਛᄩἫญ‫ޓ‬᭎ᩏᬌ㏜ߪ‫‛↢ޔ‬㗼ᓸ㏜ߦߡࡊ࡟ࡄ࡜࡯࠻ߩో㕙ࠍㅢ㨇ਭ㊁㧔1972㧕ߩ CC2‫ޔ‬ዊᨋ㧔1999㧕ߩᣧᎹᵆਐἫጊ౞␕ጤ

Ᏹ 100 㨪 400 ୚ߢⷰኤߒ‫☳⧎ޔ‬ൻ⍹ߩ᦭ήߣ଻ሽ⁁ᘒ߆ᵹߦ⋧ᒰ㨉‫ޔ‬ᷓᐲ 200 㨪 386m ᣂᦼシ⍹ᵹၸⓍ‛‫ޔ‬ᷓᐲࠄ♖ᩏߩนุࠍ್ᢿߒߚ‫ޕ‬⴫㧝‫☳⧎ޓ‬ൻ⍹ߩಽᨆ⚿ᨐ㧔╙㧡⇟੗࡮╙㧢⇟੗㧕
6CDNG4GUWNVQHRQNNGPCPCN[UKU㧔PQCPFYGNNU㧕

‫♖ޓ‬ᩏᬌ㏜ߪ‫‛↢ޔ‬㗼ᓸ㏜ߩࡊ࡜ࡦ࡮ࠕࡐࠢࡠࡑ࡯࠻ኻ

ዻߣࡑ࠷ዻ߇ਥߦ↥಴ߒ‫࠺ࠪࡑࠢޔ‬ዻ - ࠕࠨ࠳ዻ‫ࡦࡂޔ‬‛࡟ࡦ࠭ࠍ↪޿‫ޔ‬ㅢᏱ 400 㨪 600 ୚㧔ᔅⷐߦᔕߓߡ 1,000ࡁࠠዻߥߤߎࠇߦᰴ޿ߢ↥಴ߒ‫ࠡࠬޔ‬ዻ‫ࠟ࠷ޔ‬ዻ‫࠽ࡉޔ‬୚㧕ߢⷰኤߒ‫ ߩ࠻࡯࡜ࡄ࡟ࡊޔ‬2/3 ߆ࠄో㕙ࠍ⿛ᩏߒ‫ޔ‬ዻ‫࡜࠽ࠦޔ‬੝ዻ‫ࠠࡁࡃࠞޔ‬ዻ‫ࠠࡗࠥ࡝ࡂޔ‬ዻߥߤࠍ઻߁‫ޕ‬ߘߩ㑆ߦ಴⃻ߒߚోߡߩ⒳㘃
㧔Taxa㧕ߦߟ޿ߡหቯ࡮⸘ᢙ

߹ߚ‫ޔ‬ૐ₸ߥ߇ࠄࠞ࡜ࡑ࠷ዻࠍ↥಴ߔࠆ‫ߪ☳⧎ᧄ⨲ޕ‬ዋࠍⴕߞߚ‫ޕ‬ߥߊ‫ࠡࡕ࡛ޔ⑼ࠨࠣ࡝࠷ࡗࠞޔ⑼ࡀࠗޔ‬ዻߥߤ߇ਥߦ↥಴ߔࠆ‫ޕ‬

‫☳⧎ޓ‬ൻ⍹ಽᨆߩ⚿ᨐ‫ޔઁߩߘޓ‬ᷓᐲ 246.0m ߢߪ࠻࠙ࡅዻ߇ථ⿧ߒߡ↥಴ߒ‫ޔ‬‫♖ޓ‬ᩏࠍⴕ߁೨ߦ‫᦭ߩ☳⧎ޔ‬ήࠍ್ቯߔࠆ᭎ᩏࠍታᣉ

ࡑ࠷ዻන⛽▤᧤੝ዻࠍ฽߻ࡑ࠷ዻ߇ᄙ↥ߔࠆ‫ࡒࡕޕ‬ዻߣߒߚ‫⚿ߩߘޕ‬ᨐ‫╙ޔ‬㧡⇟੗ߩᷓᐲ 300m ߣ 400m ⹜ᢱߪ࠷ࠟዻ߇ߎࠇߦ⛯ߊ߇‫ࠡࠬޔ‬ዻ‫࠺ࠪࡑࠢޔ‬ዻгࠕࠨ࠳ዻ‫ޔ‬ήൻ⍹ߢ޽ࠆߎߣ߇ࠊ߆ߞߚ‫ޕ‬หሹ੗ߢߪߘߩઁߩ⧎☳ࡉ࠽ዻ‫࡜࠽ࠦޔ‬੝ዻ‫࡟࠾ޔ‬ዻгࠤࡗࠠዻߥߤߩ↥಴ߪૐൻ⍹ࠍ↥಴ߒߚ⹜ᢱ߽ᾲᄌᚑࠍฃߌߡ὇ൻߒ‫଻ޔ‬ሽ⁁₸ߢ޽ࠆ‫ޕ‬ᘒߪ㕖Ᏹߦᖡ޿‫ޕ‬ಽᨆᓟߩᱷᷲ㊂߇ᓸ㊂ߢ޽ߞߚᷓᐲ

‫ޔߚ߹ޓ‬ᷓᐲ 245.0m ߢߪ‫࠺ࠪࡑࠢޔ‬ዻ - ࠕࠨ࠳ዻ‫ࡂޔ‬

379.9m‫ޔ‬411m‫ޔ‬412m ⹜ᢱߪ♖ᩏࠍⴕ߃ߥ߆ߞߚ‫ޕ‬ᱷࠅߩࡦࡁࠠዻ‫࡜࠽ࠦޔ‬੝ዻ‫ࠡࠬޔ‬ዻߥߤ߇ਥߦ↥಴ߒ‫࠙࠻ޔ‬ᷓᐲ 294m‫ޔ‬353m‫ޔ‬395m ⹜ᢱߦߟ޿ߡ߽ᄌ⾰߇ỗߒߊ‫ޔ‬ࡅዻ‫࠷ࡑޔ‬ዻ‫ ⑼ࠗ࠴ࠗޔ‬- ࠗ࠿ࠟࡗ⑼ - ࡅࡁࠠ⑼‫ࡃࠞޔ‬♖ᩏߔࠆߦߪ⧎☳ൻ⍹ߩⷰኤ߇චಽߦⴕ߃ߥ޿ߩߢ‫ࠃޔ‬ࡁࠠዻ‫࠽ࡉޔ‬ዻ‫ࠠࡗࠥ࡝ࡂޔ‬ዻ‫࡟࠾ޔ‬ዻ - ࠤࡗࠠዻߥߤ

޿⹜ᢱߣߪ޿߃ߥ޿߇‫ޔ‬น⢻ߥ▸࿐ߢ♖ᩏࠍⴕ߁ߎߣߣ

ࠍ઻߁‫߇⑼ࡀࠗߪߢ☳⧎ᧄ⨲ޕ‬ᄙ↥ߔࠆ‫ޕ‬ߒߚ‫ޕ‬‫ ৻ ޓ‬ᣇ ╙ 㧢 ⇟ ੗ ߢ ߪ‫ ޔ‬᭎ ᩏ ߩ ⚿ ᨐ‫ ޔ‬ᷓ ᐲ 299.7m‫ޔ‬‫⮺⃯ޓ‬ൻ⍹ߩಽᨆ

300.2m‫ޔ‬300.8 㨙ߩ 3 ⹜ᢱߪήൻ⍹ߢ޽ࠆߎߣ߇ࠊ߆ߞ

‫⮺⃯ޓ‬ൻ⍹ߩಽᨆᣇᴺ

ߚ‫ޕ‬หሹ੗ߩᱷࠅ 6 ⹜ᢱߦߟ޿ߡߪൻ⍹ߩ଻ሽ⁁ᘒ߇ᖡ‫☳⧎ޓ‬ಽᨆߩ᭎ᩏߩ⚿ᨐ߆ࠄ‫ޔ‬ൻ⍹ߩ଻ሽߩࠃ޿╙㧢⇟޿߽ߩߩ↥಴ᢙߪᄙߊ‫♖ޔ‬ᩏࠍታᣉߒߡൻ⍹ߩหቯߣ⸘੗ ߩ ᷓ ᐲ O‫ ޔ‬㨙 C ‫ ޔ‬㨙 D ‫ޔ‬O

ᢙࠍⴕߞߚ‫ޕ‬߅ࠃ߮  㨙ߩ⸘  ⹜ᢱߦߟ޿ߡ♖ᩏࠍታᣉߒߚ‫ޕ‬‫⚿ޓ‬ᨐࠍ⴫㧝ߦ߹ߣ߼ࠆ‫ޕ‬ਔሹ੗ߣ߽↥಴ߒߚ⧎☳࡮⢩‫ޓ‬Ḩ㊀⚂ I ߦߟ޿ߡ‫ޔ‬ㆊ㉄ൻ᳓⚛᳓ߣႮ㉄ߦࠃࠅ⹜ᢱ

ሶൻ⍹ߪ㘃ૃߒߡ޿ࠆ‫౒ޕ‬ㅢߒߚ↥಴ൻ⍹ߪ‫☳⧎ᧄᧁޔ‬ߩᵆൻߣ᦭ᯏ‛ߩಽ⸃࡮ṫ⊕ࠍⴕ޿‫ޔ‬ಽᢔ೷ࠍട߃ߚᓟ‫ޔ‬ߢߪ‫ࡒࡕޔ‬ዻ㧔Abies㧕‫ࠟ࠷ޔ‬ዻ㧔Tsuga㧕‫ࡅ࠙࠻ޔ‬ዻ㧔Picea㧕‫ޔ‬⫳⇐᳓ࠍḩߚߒ᡼⟎ߒߚ‫ߩߘޕ‬ᓟ‫ޔ‬਄Ẵߺᶧਛߦᶋㆆߒ

ࡑ࠷ዻ㧔Pinus㧕‫⑼ ࠡ ࠬ ޔ‬㧔 ࠬ ࠡ ዻ ㄭ ૃ ⒳ 㧕㧔Taxodiaceaeߚ☼࿯ಽࠍ㒰෰ߒߚ߁߃ߢ‫⮺⃯ޔ‬ᲖߩỚ❗ࠍⴕߞߚ‫ޕ‬㧸

㧔cf. Cryptomeria㧕㧕‫ ⑼ࠗ࠴ࠗޔ‬- ࠗ࠿ࠟࡗ⑼ - ࡅࡁࠠ⑼ሼᒻ▤ಽ㔌ߢ⍾⾰ಽߩ㒰෰ࠍⴕ޿‫ޔ‬ᬌ㏜ߒᤃ޿ỚᐲߦᏗ

㧔Taxaceae-Cephalotaxaceae-Cupressaceae㧕‫࠺ࠪࡑࠢޔ‬ዻг㉼ߒ‫ࡃࠞޔ‬−ࠟ࡜ࠬ਄ߦṢਅߒߡੇ῎ߐߖߚ‫ߚߒ῎ੇޕ‬ࠕࠨ࠳ዻ㧔Carpinus-Ostrya㧕‫ࠠࡁࡃࠞޔ‬ዻ
㧔Betula㧕‫ࡦࡂޔ‬⹜ᢱ਄ߦኽ౉೷ߩࡊ࡝ࡘ࠙࡜࠶ࠢࠬࠍṢਅߒ‫࠼ࠗ࡜ࠬޔ‬㧔Fagus㧕‫࡜࠽ࠦޔ‬ዻࠦ࠽࡜੝ዻ
ࡁࠠዻ㧔Alnus㧕‫࠽ࡉޔ‬ዻ

ࠟ࡜ࠬߦ⾍ࠅઃߌ᳗ਭࡊ࡟ࡄ࡜−࠻ࠍ૞⵾ߒߚ‫ޕ‬

㧔Quercussubgen.Lepidobalanus‫ޔ‬એᓟ‫࡜࠽ࠦޔ‬੝ዻߣ⸥‫ޓ‬ᬌ㏜ߪ‫ޔ‬ᴤᶐ 600 ୚߹ߚߪ 1000 ୚ߢⴕ޿‫ࠞ࠾ࠞࡔޔ‬ㅀߔࠆ㧕‫ࠠࡗࠥ࡝ࡂޔ‬ዻ㧔Hemiptelea㧕‫࡟࠾ޔ‬ዻ - ࠤࡗࠠዻ࡞ࠬ࠹࡯ࠫࠍ↪޿છᗧߦ಴⃻ߔࠆ⃯⮺ൻ⍹߇ 200 ୘૕એ

㧔Ulmus-Zelkova㧕‫ࠤࠦ࡮࠳ࠪߣ☳⧎ᧄ⨲ޔ‬ᬀ‛⢩ሶߢߪ਄ߦߥࠆ߹ߢหቯ࡮⸘ᢙߒߚ‫⮺⃯߅ߥޕ‬Ზ߇ඨಽએ਄⎕ࠗࡀ⑼㧔Gramineae㧕‫ࠡࡕ࡛ޔ‬ዻ㧔Artemisia㧕‫࠳ࠪߩઁޔ‬ᬀ៊ߒߚ߽ߩߦߟ޿ߡߪหቯ࡮⸘ᢙߪⴕߞߡ޿ߥ޿‫⚿ޕ‬ᨐ‛⢩ሶ㧔otherPteridophytaspores㧦⑼࡮ዻਇ⹦ߩߚ߼৻᜝

ࠍ⴫㧞ߦ␜ߔ‫ޕ‬ߒߚ⢩ሶ㧕ߥߤ߇޽ࠆ‫ޕ‬‫ޓ‬ሹ੗ߏߣߦ↥಴ߔࠆൻ⍹⒳ߩᄌൻࠍ⷗ࠆ‫ޕ‬‫⮺⃯ޓ‬ൻ⍹ಽᨆߩ⚿ᨐ‫╙ޓ‬㧡⇟੗ߢߪ‫ޔ‬ᷓᐲ 294m‫ޔ‬353m‫ޔ‬395m ⹜ᢱߩ 3 ⹜ᢱ‫ޓ‬ᬌ಴ߐࠇߚ⃯⮺ൻ⍹ߪ‫ޔߕ߹ޔ‬Ⴎಽߦኻߔࠆㆡᔕߦࠃ

ߪࠃߊૃߚ⧎☳ൻ⍹⟲㓸ߢ޽ࠅ‫ࡅ࠙࠻ޔ‬ዻ߇ᄙ↥ߒ‫ࡑޔ‬ࠅᄢ߈ߊ㧡ಽ㘃ߒ‫ߦࠄߐޔ‬᷆᳓↢ߪ‫ޔ‬᷆᳓ਛߦ߅ߌࠆ↢࠷ዻ‫ࠟ࠷ޔ‬ዻ‫ࡒࡕޔ‬ዻ‫࠷ࡑ࡜ࠞޔ‬ዻㄭૃ⒳ߥߤߩ㊎⪲ᘒᕈ㧔⃯⮺ߩ㧟ߟߩㆡᔕᕈ㧦᳓ਛߩႮಽ࡮pH࡮ᵹ᳓ߦኻ

᮸⧎☳߇ఝභߔࠆ‫࠺ࠪࡑࠢޕ‬ዻгࠕࠨ࠳ዻ‫ࠠࡁࡃࠞޔ‬ዻ‫ޔ‬ߔࠆㆡᔕᕈ㧕ߦၮߠ޿ߡಽ㘃ߒ‫ޔ‬ᢛℂᬌ⸛ࠍⴕߞߚ‫ޕ‬ࡂࡦࡁࠠዻ‫࡜࠽ࠦޔ‬੝ዻ‫ࠠࡗࠥ࡝ࡂޔ‬ዻߥߤߪૐ₸ߢ޽ࠆ‫࠳ࠪߣ☳⧎ᧄ⨲ޕ‬ᬀ‛⢩ሶߪૐ₸ߢ޽ࠆ‫ޕ‬（1）╙㧢⇟੗࡮ᷓᐲ 328.5 㨙‫ ╙ ޓ‬㧢 ⇟ ੗ ߢ ߪ‫ ޔ‬ᷓ ᐲ 269.0 㨪 275.0 㨙
㧔a ߣ b㧕‫ޔ‬‫ޓ‬ห⹜ᢱߦߪ‫ޔ‬ᄙߊߩ⃯⮺ൻ⍹߇⹺߼ࠄࠇ‫੹ޔ‬࿁ߩಽᨆ

292.0m‫ޔ‬328.5m ߩ 4 ᬌ૕ߪᲧセ⊛ࠃߊૃߡ߅ࠅ‫ࡅ࠙࠻ޔ‬⹜ᢱߩਛߢߪၸⓍ‛ਛߩ⛘ኻ㊂ߪᦨ߽ᄙ޿‫ޕ‬ൻ⍹Ზߩ଻⴫㧞‫⮺⃯ޓ‬ൻ⍹ߩಽᨆ⚿ᨐ㧔╙㧢⇟੗㧕
6CDNG4GUWNVQHFKCVQOCPCN[UKU㧔PQYGNNሽ⁁ᘒߪ‫ޔ‬ᄢඨ߇ቢᒻᲖߢ޽ࠅ‫ޔ‬ṁ⸃ߩ∥〔߽߶ߣࠎߤ

߼ࠄࠇߥ޿‫ޕ‬ᵹ᳓ㆡᔕᕈߦߟ޿ߡߪ‫ޔ‬ᄢඨ߇ᵹ᳓ਇቯᕈ

⹺߼ࠄࠇߥ޿ߎߣ߆ࠄ‫⁁ޔ‬ᘒߣߒߡߪ᥉ㅢ߆ࠄ⦟ᅢߢ޽

⒳ߢ޽ࠅ‫ޔ‬ૐ₸ߦᱛ᳓ᕈ⒳ࠍ઻ߞߡ޿ࠆ‫ޕ‬ᵹ᳓ᕈ⒳ߪ⹺

ࠆ‫ߡߴߔޕ‬᷆᳓↢⒳ߢ᭴ᚑߐࠇࠆ‫ޔߚ߹ޕ‬㒽ᚑ⃯⮺ߪ௖߼ࠄࠇߥ޿‫ޕ‬᳓↢⃯⮺ߣ㒽↢⃯⮺ߩᲧ₸ߪ‫ޔ‬95㧑એ਄߇߆ߢ‫߷߶ޔ‬᳓↢⃯⮺ߩߺ߆ࠄߥࠆߣ⸒ߞߡ߽ࠃ޿‫ޕ‬᳓↢⃯⮺ߢ޽ࠅ‫ޔ‬㒽↢⃯⮺ߪᢙ㧑ߒ߆ᬌ಴ߐࠇߥ޿‫ޕ‬‫⽺ޓ‬Ⴎ−ਇቯᕈ⒳߇ఝභߒߡ߅ࠅ‫⽺ޔ‬Ⴎ−ᅢႮᕈ⒳ߪ‫ޔ‬‫ ޓ‬ᄙ ↥ ޽ ࠆ ޿ ߪ ఝ භ ߒ ߚ ⒳ ߪ‫ ޔ‬ᵹ ᳓ ਇ ቯ ᕈ ⒳ ߩోߊᬌ಴ߐࠇߡ޿ߥ޿‫ޕ‬pH ߦኻߔࠆㆡᔕᕈߦߟ޿ߡߪ‫ޔ‬Epithemia turgidula var.westermannii‫ޔ‬Fragilaria ulna ߢ ޽↥಴ߒߚ⒳߇ߔߴߡࠕ࡞ࠞ࡝ᕈ⒳ߢ޽ࠅ‫㉄ޔ‬ᕈ⒳ߪ⹺߼

ࠆ‫ޕ‬ࠄࠇߥ޿‫ޕ‬‫ޓ‬ᵈ⋡ߐࠇࠆ⒘↥⒳ߣߒߡߪ‫ޔ‬Cyclotella recziekiae ߇޽‫ޓ‬ᵹ᳓ߦኻߔࠆㆡᔕᕈࠍ⷗ࠆߣ‫ోޔ‬૕ߩ  㧑߇ᱛ᳓ᚑࠆ‫⛘߼ߚ޿ߥߒ↢⃻ߪࠇߎޕ‬Ṍ⒳ߣߐࠇߡ߅ࠅ‫ޔ‬࿖ౝߢ⒳ߢ‫ޔ‬ᵹ᳓ᕈ⒳ߪోߊᬌ಴ߐࠇߥ޿‫ޕ‬ߪ⟲㚍⋵ߩർㇱߦ૏⟎ߔࠆዊ㊁਄⚥ጀ（ዊ㊁਄࿅૕⎇ⓥ‫ޔ߅ߥޓ‬᷆᳓↢⒳ߩਛߦߪ‫ޔ‬᳓ਛ߆ࠄ಴ߡ㒽ၞߩੇ޿ߚ

ࠣ࡞࡯ࡊ , ）ߣ޿߁೨ᦼᦝᣂ਎ߩḓᚑጀߣ⠨߃ࠄࠇ

ⅣႺਅߢ߽↢⢒ߔࠆ⒳⟲߇ሽ࿷ߔࠆ߽ߩ߇޽ࠅ‫ޔ‬㒽↢⃯ߐࠇߡ޿ࠆ‫ޕ‬ࠆ࿾ጀ߆ࠄႎ๔
（↰ਛ࡮ዊᨋ‫ޔ‬1995）⮺ߣ๭߫ࠇࠆ‫ޔߪࠄࠇߎޕ‬㒽ၞߩੇ޿ߚⅣႺࠍᜰᮡߔࠆ

‫↥ޓ‬಴⒳⟲ߩ↢ᘒᕈ߆ࠄ✚ว⊛ߦ⸃㉼ߔࠆߣ‫⹜ᧄޔ‬ᢱߩߎߣ߆ࠄ‫ޔ‬ฎⅣႺࠍផቯߔࠆ਄ߢᭂ߼ߡ㊀ⷐߥ⒳⟲ߢ޽ၸⓍᤨߪ‫ޔ‬ၮᧄ⊛ߦߪᴧᴛ޽ࠆ޿ߪḨ࿾ߩࠃ߁ߥ᳓ᷓߩ

ࠆ‫ޕ‬ᵻ޿᳓ၞߩⅣႺਅߦ޽ߞߚน⢻ᕈ߇㜞޿‫ޕ‬ᳰᴧ㨪ḓᴧᕈ‫ޓ‬ᄙ↥޽ࠆ޿ߪఝභߒߚ⒳ߪ‫ޔ‬ᱛ᳓ᕈ⒳ߩ Aulacoseira

ߩ⒳߽⹺߼ࠄࠇߚߚ߼‫ޔ‬ㄭធߒߚ႐ᚲߦ᳓ᷓߩ޽ࠆ᳓ၞ

islandica ߢ޽ࠅ‫ᧄޔ‬⒳߇↥಴୘૕ᢙߩ 90㧑એ਄ࠍභ߼

߇ሽ࿷ߒߚน⢻ᕈ߽޽ࠆ߇‫ߩࠄࠇߎޔ‬⒳ߪ↥಴₸߇ૐ޿ߡ޿ࠆ‫ޕ‬Aulacoseira islandicaߪ‫ޔߪߦ⥸৻ޔ‬Aulacoseiraߚ߼‫ޔ‬ਅ૏ጀḰ߆ࠄߩౣၸⓍߩน⢻ᕈ߽⠨߃ࠄࠇ‫ߩઁޔ‬

italica ߦ઻ߞߡ⹺߼ࠄࠇࠆߎߣ߇ᄙ޿߇‫⹜ᧄޔ‬ᢱߩࠃ߁࠺࡯࠲߽฽߼ߚౣᬌ⸛߇ᔅⷐߢ޽ࠆ‫ޕ‬ߦᄙ↥ߔࠆߩߪᲧセ⊛⃟ߒ޿‫↢ޕ‬ᘒᕈߪ‫ޔ‬ᐢၞಽᏓ⒳ߢ
޽ࠅ‫ޔ‬ㆡᐲߦንᩕ㙃ߥᳰᴧ߿ᴡᎹ╬ߩᱛ᳓ၞߦ↢⢒ߔࠆ╙㧢⇟੗࡮ᷓᐲ 269-275m（3）ߣߐࠇ㧔KrammerandLange-Bertalot,1991㧕
‫ޔ‬Aulacoseira‫ߩߎޓ‬ᷓᐲ඙㑆ߩ 2 ⹜ᢱߪ‫↥ޔ‬಴⒳⟲߽ㄭૃߒߡ޿ࠆߩ

italicaߣห᭽ߥ↢⢒ⅣႺࠍ␜ߔ‫ޕ‬ߢหᤨߦㅀߴࠆ‫ޕ‬ൻ⍹ߩ↥಴₸ߪ‫ޔ‬ਔ⹜ᢱߣ߽ၸⓍ‛ਛ‫ ޓ‬Ꮧ ↥ ⒳ ߢ ․ ╩ ߔ ߴ ߈ ⒳ 㘃 ߣ ߒ ߡ‫ ޔ‬ᱛ ᳓ ᕈ ⒳ߩ⛘ኻ㊂ߪᄙ޿ߣߪ޿߃ߥ޿߽ߩߩ‫ޔ‬200 ୘૕એ਄߇ᬌ

ߩ Aulacoseira distans‫ޔ‬Stephanodiscus minutulus‫ޔ‬಴ߐࠇߚ‫ޕ‬ൻ⍹ߩ଻ሽ⁁ᘒߪ‫ޔ‬Ზߩ৻ㇱ߇უࠇߡ޿ࠆ୘Stephanodiscus parvus ╬߇޽ࠆ‫ߪࠄࠇߎޕ‬᷆᳓↢ߩᶋㆆ૕߇ᄙ޿ߎߣ‫ޔ‬ᄢඨߩ୘૕ߦṁ⸃ߩ∥〔߇ᱷߞߡ޿ࠆߎ

ᕈ⒳ߢ‫ޔ‬Ყセ⊛ⷙᮨߩᄢ߈޿ᳰᴧ߿ḓᴧߦ․ᓽ⊛ߦ⹺߼ߣ߆ࠄ‫⁁ޔ‬ᘒߣߒߡߪਇ⦟ߢ޽ࠆ‫ޕ‬ࠄࠇࠆ‫ ߦ․ޕ‬Stephanodiscus minutulus ߪ‫↢ޔ‬⢒ߦ޽ࠆ⒟‫ޓ‬Ⴎಽߦኻߔࠆㆡᔕᕈߪ‫ޔ‬90㧑એ਄ࠍ⽺Ⴎਇቯᕈ⒳߇භ

ᐲߩ᳓ᷓ߇ᔅⷐߣߐࠇ‫ߢ߹ࠇߎޔ‬ᚒ࿖ߢႎ๔ߐࠇߚߩߪ

߼ߡ߅ࠅ‫⧯ߪઁߩߘޔ‬ᐓߩਇ᣿⒳ࠍ઻ߞߡ޿ࠆ‫⽺ޕ‬Ⴎᅢ

ℚℛḓ㧔Mori,1974㧧ᩮ᧪‫ޔ‬1960㧕╬ߩⷙᮨߩᄢ߈޿ḓ߆ࠄ

Ⴎᕈ⒳ߪ⹺߼ࠄࠇߥ޿‫࡝ࠞ࡞ࠕޕ‬ᕈ⒳߇ 95㧑એ਄⹺߼ߢ޽ࠆ‫ޕ‬ࠄࠇ‫ ߪઁߩߘޔ‬pH ਇ᣿⒳߇⹺߼ࠄࠇࠆߩߺߢ‫㉄ޔ‬ᕈ⒳‫ޓ‬એ਄ߩࠃ߁ߥ↥಴⒳⟲ߩ↢ᘒᕈ߆ࠄ‫⹜ᧄޔ‬ᢱߩၸⓍᤨߪ⹺߼ࠄࠇߥ޿‫ઁޕ‬ᣇ‫ޔ‬ᵹ᳓ߦኻߒߡߪ‫ ⚂ޔ‬90㧑ࠍᱛߪ‫ࠆ޽ޔ‬⒟ᐲߩⷙᮨࠍ߽ߞߚᳰᴧ޽ࠆ޿ߪḓᴧߩⅣႺਅ

᳓ᕈ⒳߇භ߼ߡ߅ࠅ‫ ߪઁޔ‬2-5㧑⒟ᐲߩᵹ᳓ਇቯᕈ⒳߅

ߦ޽ߞߚ߽ߩߣផቯߐࠇࠆ‫ޕ‬ࠃ߮ᵹ᳓ਇ᣿⒳߇⹺߼ࠄࠇߚ‫ޕ‬᳓↢⃯⮺ߣ㒽↢⃯⮺ߩᲧ₸ߪ‫ߤࠎߣ߶ޔ‬᳓↢⃯⮺ߢ޽ࠅ‫ޔ‬㒽↢⃯⮺ߪ 1㧑એਅߢ（2）╙㧢⇟੗࡮ᷓᐲ 292m

޽ࠆ‫ޕ‬‫ޓ‬ห⹜ᢱ߆ࠄߪ‫ޔ‬60 ୘૕ߩ⃯⮺ൻ⍹߇ᬌ಴ߐࠇߚ‫ޕ‬Ზ‫⹜ᧄޓ‬ᢱ߆ࠄᄙ↥޽ࠆ޿ߪ․ᓽ⊛ߦ⹺߼ࠄࠇߚ⒳㘃ߪ‫ޔ‬ߩ଻ሽ⁁ᘒߪ‫ޔ‬ṁ⸃ߩ∥〔ߪ߶ߣࠎߤ⹺߼ࠄࠇߥ޿߽ߩ

ᱛ᳓ᕈ⒳ߩ Cyclotella recziekiae ߢ޽ࠅ‫↥ޔ‬಴⒳⟲ߩ⚂ߩ‫ޔ‬ᄢඨߩᲖ߇ඨუߒߡቢᒻᲖ߇ዋߥ޿ߚ߼‫⁁ޔ‬ᘒߪ߿

90㧑ࠍභ߼ߡ޿ࠆ߇‫ࠆ޿ߡࠇߐ⷗⊒߇ࠇߎޔ‬႐ᚲߪᐔဋ

߿ਇ⦟ߢ޽ࠆ‫ޕ‬ߒߡ㜞✲ᐲ࿾ၞߢ޽ࠆߎߣ߆ࠄ‫߽ᦨޔ‬ㆡߒߚⅣႺߪ㜞✲‫ޓ‬ᬌ಴ߐࠇߚ⟲㓸ߪ‫߇ߤࠎߣ߶ޔ‬᷆᳓↢⒳ߢ޽ࠅ‫⧯ޔ‬ᐓᐲߩૐ᷷᳓ၞߢ޽ࠆน⢻ᕈ߇␜ໂߐࠇࠆ‫ޕ‬ߩ᷆᳓㨪ᴁ᳓↢⒳ࠍ઻߁⒳⟲ߢ᭴ᚑߐࠇࠆ‫⽺ߤࠎߣ߶ޕ‬‫ ޓ‬Ꮧ ↥ ⒳ ߦ ߟ ޿ ߡ ߪ‫ ޔ‬ᵹ ᳓ ਇ ቯ ᕈ ⒳ ߩ Epithemia

Ⴎਇቯᕈ⒳޽ࠆ޿ߪਇ᣿⒳ߢ޽ࠅ‫ޔ‬ᅢႮᕈ⒳（ߎߎߢߪturgidula var. westermannii‫ޔ‬Fragilaria ulna‫ޔ‬Rhopalodia᷆᳓㨪ᴁ᳓↢⒳）ߪ 1 ୘૕ߩߺߢ޽ࠆ‫ޕ‬pH ㆡᔕᕈߪ‫ޔ‬ᄢ

gibba ╬ߩᴧᴛ࿾޽ࠆ޿ߪḨ࿾ߥߤߦᐢߊ↢⢒ߔࠆ⒳ߢ

ඨ߇ࠕ࡞ࠞ࡝ᕈ⒳ߣ pH ਇ᣿⒳ߢ᭴ᚑߐࠇ‫㉄ޔ‬ᕈ⒳ߪ⹺

޽ࠆ‫ޕ‬



‫ޓ‬એ਄ߩߎߣ߆ࠄ‫⹜ᧄޔ‬ᢱߩၸⓍᤨߪ‫ߨ߻߅߅ޔ‬ḓᴧߩߒߚߎߣ߇␜ໂߐࠇࠆ‫߽ߣߞ߽ޔߚ߹ޕ‬ᷓ޿ጀḰߩ╙㧢ⅣႺߦ޽ߞߚ߽ߩߣផቯߐࠇࠆ‫ޕ‬⇟੗ߩ 328.5m ߢ޽ࠆ⒟ᐲߩⷙᮨࠍᜬߞߚḓᴧ߇ផቯߐ
ࠇࠆ৻ᣇ‫ࠇߘޔ‬એᵻߦߥࠆߣ᳓ᷓ߇ᵻߊߥࠆߣߣ߽ߦ‫ޔ‬╙㧢⇟੗࡮ᷓᐲ 246m
（4）᳓ၞߩⷙᮨ߇ዊߐߊߥࠆ௑ะ߇޽ࠆࠃ߁ߦ⷗߃ࠆ‫ޕ‬‫⹜ᧄޓ‬ᢱ߽ၸⓍ‛ਛߩ⛘ኻ㊂ߪᄙ޿ߣߪ޿߃ߥ޿߽ߩ

‫ޓ‬ട߃ߡ‫ޔ‬Cyclotella recziekiae ߩ↥಴߆ࠄၸⓍᤨߩḓ᳓ߩ‫ޔ‬100 ୘૕એ਄߇ᬌ಴ߐࠇߚ‫ޕ‬ൻ⍹ߩ଻ሽ⁁ᘒߪ‫ޔ‬ඨ߇ૐ᷷ߢ޽ߞߚߎߣ߇␜ໂߐࠇ⧎☳ൻ⍹ߩ⚿ᨐߣ⺞๺⊛უߒߚᲖ߇ᄙߊ‫৻ޔ‬ㇱߦߪṁ⸃ߩ∥〔߇⹺߼ࠄࠇࠆߎߣ

ߢ޽ࠆ‫ޕ‬

߆ࠄ‫⁁ޔ‬ᘒߣߒߡߪਇ⦟ߢ޽ࠆ‫ޕ‬‫ޓ‬એ਄ߩߎߣࠍ߹ߣ߼ࠆߣ‫ߩߎޔ‬ḓᚑၸⓍ‛ߩၸⓍᤨߪ‫ޓ‬ᬌ಴ߐࠇߚ⒳⟲ߪ‫ߤࠎߣ߶ޔ‬᷆᳓↢⒳ߣ޿ߞߡ߽ࠃ޿

⃻࿷ࠃࠅ߽⋧ኻ⊛ߦኙ಄ߢ޽ࠅ‫ᦨޔ‬ೋ‫ޔ‬ḓᴧߪ޽ࠆ⒟ᐲ

߇‫ޔ‬1 ୘૕ߩ᷆᳓㨪ᴁ᳓↢⒳߇⹺߼ࠄࠇߚ‫ޕ‬ߩⷙᮨࠍᜬߞߡ޿ߚ߽ߩߩ‫ߩߘޔ‬ᓟⷙᮨ߇ዊߐߊߥߞߚ

‫ޓ‬Ⴎಽߦኻߔࠆㆡᔕᕈߦߟ޿ߡߪ‫ ⚂ޔ‬70㧑߇⽺Ⴎਇቯߎߣ߇␜ໂߐࠇࠆ‫ޕ‬ᕈ⒳‫⽺ޔ‬Ⴎਇ᣿⒳߇ 28㧑⒟ᐲߢ޽ࠅ‫⽺ޔ‬ႮᅢႮᕈ⒳ߪ
ᢙ㧑ߣᭂૐ₸ߦߒ߆⹺߼ࠄࠇߥ޿‫ޕ‬pH ߦኻߔࠆㆡᔕᕈ

‫ޓ‬ḓᚑၸⓍ‛ߩᐕઍኻᲧ

30㧑߇ pH ਇ᣿⒳‫ޔ‬ߪ‫ޔ‬62㧑ࠍࠕ࡞ࠞ࡝ᕈ⒳߇භ߼ߡ߅ࠅ‫ޔ‬‫⎇ᧄޓ‬ⓥߢᛒߞߚḓᚑጀߩਅ૏ߩἫጊ␕ಝἯጤਛߦߪ‫ޔ‬

7㧑⒟ᐲߩ pH ਇቯᕈ⒳‫ޔ‬1㧑એਅߩ㉄ᕈ⒳ߣ޿߁᭴ᚑᲧ

ᣂᦼጊ૕⿠Ḯߩⷺ␕߇฽߹ࠇࠆߩߢ‫ߩߘޔ‬਄૏ߦᒰߚࠆ

₸ߢ޽ࠆ‫ޕ‬ᵹ᳓ߦኻߒߡߪ‫ޔ‬ᱛ᳓ᕈ⒳߇ 35㧑ߢᦨ߽ᄙߊ‫ޔ‬

ḓᚑၸⓍ‛ߩၸⓍᤨᦼߪᣂᦼጊ૕ᒻᚑᦼએ㒠ߣߥࠆ‫ޕ‬Ἣᰴ޿ߢᵹ᳓ਇቯᕈ⒳ߣᵹ᳓ਇ᣿⒳߇ߘࠇߙࠇ 32㧑⒟ᐲ‫ޔ‬ጊ␕ಝἯጤਛߩⷺ␕ߪᣂᦼጊ૕ߩ⎽᳖ጼṁጤߦ㘃ૃߒ

ᵹ᳓ᕈ⒳ߪ 1㧑ᧂḩߣ޿߁᭴ᚑߢ޽ࠆ‫ޕ‬᳓↢⃯⮺ߣ㒽↢ߡ޿ߚ߇‫ޔ‬㔺㗡߆ࠄណขߒߚߎߩṁጤߦߟ޿ߡߪ 0.12±⃯⮺ߩᲧ₸ߪ‫ߡߴߔޔ‬᳓↢⃯⮺ߢ޽ࠅ‫ޔ‬㒽↢⃯⮺ߪ⹺߼

0.01Ma ߩᐕઍ୯߇ᓧࠄࠇߡ޿ࠆ
㧔ⵑ↰߶߆‫ޔ‬2005㧕‫ޕ‬ᣂࠄࠇߥ޿‫ޕ‬ᦼጊ૕ߩਅ㒢ߪ Hk-TAu12 ࠹ࡈ࡜ߩᐕઍ߆ࠄ 0.13Ma ߣ‫ ޓ‬ᄙ ↥ ߒ ߚ ⒳ 㘃 ߪ‫ ޔ‬ᱛ ᳓ ᕈ ⒳ ߩ Aulacoseira italica‫ޔ‬⷗ࠄࠇࠆߩߢ
㧔↸↰࡮ᣂ੗‫ޔ‬2003㧧ⵑ↰߶߆‫ޔ‬2005㧕‫ޔ‬઒

Cyclotella recziekiae‫ޔ‬ᵹ᳓ਇቯᕈ⒳ߩ Epithemia turgidulaߦⷺ␕߇⎽᳖ጼṁጤߢߥ޿ߣߒߡ߽ᣂᦼጊ૕⿠Ḯߢ޽ࠆ

var. westermannii‫ޔ‬Fragilaria ulna‫ޔ‬Fragilaria zeilleri var.

㒢ࠅ‫␕ⷺޔ‬ಝἯጤߩᐕઍߪ 0.13Ma ࠃࠅฎߊߥࠆߎߣߪ

elliptica‫ޔ‬Rhopalodia gibba ╬ߢ޽ࠆ‫ޕ‬ߥ޿‫ޕ‬‫ޓ‬એ਄ߩࠃ߁ߥ↥಴⒳⟲ߩ↢ᘒቇ⊛․ᓽ߆ࠄ‫⹜ᧄޔ‬ᢱߩ‫ޓ‬0.12 ߆ࠄ 0.13Ma ߪᦨ⚳㑆᳖ᦼߦ޽ߚࠅ‫ߩߘޔ‬ᓟ᳇᷷

ၸⓍᤨߩⅣႺߪ‫ޔ‬ਅ૏ጀḰߢផቯߐࠇߚᳰᴧ޽ࠆ޿ߪḓߪਅ߇ࠅ‫ ⚂ޔ‬1 ਁᐕ೨߹ߢ⃻࿷ࠃࠅ߽ૐ޿᳇᷷ߩᤨઍ߇

ᴧߩⷙᮨ߇❗ዊߒ‫ޔ‬ᐢ▸ߦᴧᴛ࿾޽ࠆ޿ߪḨ࿾ൻߒߚ߽

⛯޿ߚ‫ޕ‬ㄞ㧔1983㧕ߦࠃࠆߣ‫ᦼߩߎޔ‬㑆ߦ㑐᧲࿾ᣇߢ․ߦ

ߩߣផቯߐࠇࠆ‫ޕ‬⪺ߒ޿ኙ಄ᦼߪ㧞ᦼ޽ࠆ‫᧲ޔߪߟ৻ޕ‬੩シ⍹㧔60-65ka㧧
↸↰࡮ᣂ੗‫ޔ‬2003㧕ߩ⋥ਅߦ޽ࠆ᣿⍎ߥኙ಄ᦼߢ‫࠙࠻ޔ‬‫ޓ‬ḓᚑၸⓍ‛ၸⓍᤨߩฎⅣႺ

ࡅዻ߇ఝవߒ‫࠷ࡑ࡜ࠞޔ‬ዻ‫ࡒࡕޔ‬ዻ‫ࠟ࠷ޔ‬ዻ‫࠷ࡑޔ‬ዻࠍ‫⎇ᧄޓ‬ⓥߢ⸃ᨆࠍⴕߞߚ⹜ᢱߩ߶ߣࠎߤߢ‫☳⧎ޔ‬ൻ⍹ߪ㓐઻ߔࠆ㊎⪲᮸ᨋ߇⊒㆐ߒߚᤨᦼ‫ ߪߟ৻߁߽ޔ‬21-18ka

࠻࠙ࡅዻ߇ᄙ↥ߒ‫࠷ࡑޔ‬ዻ‫ࠟ࠷ޔ‬ዻ‫ࡒࡕޔ‬ዻ‫ࠡࠬޔ‬ዻߥߩᤨᦼߢ‫߇࡛࠙ࠧࡦ࠮࡚࠙࠴ޔ‬ఝవߔࠆ߶߆‫ޔࡅ࠙࠻ޔ‬ߤ㊎⪲᮸⧎☳߇ఝవߔࠆߎߣ߆ࠄ‫ޔ‬㊎⪲᮸ᨋߩ⊒㆐߇ផࠪ࡜ࡌߥߤߩ੝ኙᏪ㊎⪲᮸ࠍ฽߻‫ޕ‬ቯߐࠇࠆ‫ߩߎࠄ߆ߣߎߩߎޕ‬ḓᚑၸⓍ‛ߩၸⓍᤨߩฎ᳇‫ᧄޓ‬࿾ၞߩᮡ㜞ߢߪᓧࠄࠇࠆ⧎☳ൻ⍹⟲㓸߇ᐔ࿾ߩ߽

୥ߪ߅߅߻ߨ಄᷷Ꮺ߆ࠄ੝ኙᏪߣ⷗ࠄࠇࠆ‫╙ޕ‬㧢⇟੗ߩߩߣ޽߹ࠅᄌࠊࠄߥ޿ߣߔࠆߣ‫ޔ‬ਔሹ੗ߩḓᚑၸⓍ‛

ᷓᐲ 245.0m ߢߪ࠻࠙ࡅዻߪᄙ↥ߖߕ‫ޔ‬㊎࡮ᐢᷙ੤ᨋߣ

ߪߎࠇࠄ․ߦ⪺ߒ޿ኙ಄ᦼߦኻᲧߢ߈ࠆࠃ߁ߥ⧎☳ൻ⍹⠨߃ࠄࠇࠆ߇‫ޔ‬ᥦ᷷ᏪߦಽᏓߔࠆࠕࠞࠟࠪ੝ዻߥߤᏱ✛⟲㓸߇ᓧࠄࠇߚߎߣߦߥࠆ‫ߩߘޕ‬႐ว‫ࠄࠇߎޔ‬㧞ᦼߩ߁ᐢ⪲᮸߇⹺߼ࠄࠇߥ޿ߎߣ߆ࠄ‫ޔ‬಄᷷Ꮺߥ޿ߒ੝ኙᏪߩ

ߜߩߤߜࠄ߆ߣ޿߁໧㗴ߢ޽ࠆ߇‫ޔ‬ਔሹ੗߆ࠄߪ⃻࿷ߩਅㇱߣផቯߐࠇࠆ‫ޕ‬ᣣᧄߢߪಽᏓߒߡ޿ߥ޿ࡂ࡝ࠥࡗࠠዻ߇↥಴ߒߡ޿ࠆ‫ޕ‬‫⃻ޓ‬࿷ߩᬀ↢ࠍߺࠆߣ‫ޔ‬ᐔ࿾ߪᥦ᷷ᏪߦዻߒᏱ✛ᐢ⪲᮸Minakiet al.（1988）ߦࠃࠇ߫‫ޔ‬ᣣᧄฦ࿾ߩᦝᣂ⛔߆ࠄൻ߇ථ⿧‫▫ޔ‬ᩮߩ㜞޿ߣߎࠈߪ಄᷷Ꮺߦዻߒ⪭⪲ᐢ⪲᮸߇⍹⒳ߩࡔࡂ࡝ࠥࡗࠠ（Hemiptelea mikii）
 ߩᄢဳൻ⍹㧔ᨐථ⿧ߔࠆ‫⎇ᧄޔߡߞ߇ߚߒޕ‬ⓥߢ⸃ᨆࠍⴕߞߚ⹜ᢱߪ▫

ታ࡮᧚㧕߇ႎ๔ߐࠇ‫⚳ᦨޔ‬᳖ᦼᦨኙ಄ᦼ㧔21-18ka㧕⋥೨߹ᩮ࿾ၞߩᮡ㜞ࠍ⠨ᘦߒߡ߽‫⃻ޔ‬࿷ࠃࠅኙ಄ߥᤨᦼߩၸⓍߢಽᏓߒߡ޿ߚߣߐࠇߡ޿ࠆ‫ޕ‬⧎☳ಽᨆߢߪ‫ޔ‬ᬯ੗㧔1996㧕‛ߣផቯߐࠇࠆ‫ޕ‬ߦࠃߞߡᣣᧄߩᦝᣂ⛔߆ࠄࡂ࡝ࠥࡗࠠዻߩ⧎☳ൻ⍹ߩ↥‫⮺⃯ޓ‬ൻ⍹߆ࠄߺࠆߣḓᚑၸⓍ‛ߪ㐽㎮⊛ߥ᳓♽ߢၸⓍ಴߇ႎ๔ߐࠇߡ޿ࠆ‫ߩߎޔࠄ߆ߣߎߩߎޕ‬ḓᚑၸⓍ‛ߪᦨ⚳᳖ᦼᦨኙ಄ᦼࠃࠅ߽ฎ޿ߣ⠨߃ࠄࠇࠆ‫ޕ‬ߦⶄᢙߩ㒱ᴚ᭴ㅧ߇ᒻᚑߐࠇߚߎߣࠍ␜ߒߡ޿ࠆ߽ߩߣ

‫ߪߣߎߩߎޓ‬ጀ૏⊛ߥᬌ⸛߆ࠄ߽ᡰᜬߐࠇࠆ‫⎇ᧄޕ‬ⓥߢ

⷗ࠄࠇࠆ‫ޕ‬ߪ⏕⹺ߢ߈ߥ߆ߞߚ߽ߩߩ‫ߩߎޔ‬ḓᚑၸⓍ‛ߪᧄ࿾ၞߩ

‫⺰ᧄޔ߅ߥޓ‬ᢥਛߢߪ Kuno et al.（1971）ߩ⸥タߦߟ޿࿾⴫ㄭߊࠍⷒ߁ᣧᎹᵆᵹၸⓍ‛ࠃࠅ߽ਅ૏ߦ޽ߚࠆߣ⷗

ߡㆡቱᬌ⸛ࠍട߃ߡ߈ߚ߇‫ޔ‬ᒝ⟜࿾ၞߢߪߎࠇߣߪ೎ߦ

ࠄࠇࠆ㧔╙㧢⇟੗㧕‫ޕ‬ᣧᎹᵆᵹߪ 37-38ka ߣߺࠄࠇࠆ
㧔ዊᄢᧁ߶߆㧔1968㧕ߦ‫ޔ‬਄૏߆ࠄ‫ޔ‬ਛᄩἫญਐṁጤ‫ޔ‬ᣂᦼᄖᨋ‫ޔ‬1999㧕ߩߢ‫ޔ‬ጀ૏⊛ߦߺߡ߽ḓᚑၸⓍ‛ߪ᧲੩シ⍹ベጊṁጤߥ޿ߒฎᦼᄖベጊṁጤ‫ޔ‬ᣧᎹಝἯⷺ␕ጤጀ‫ޔ‬ḡࡩ⋥ਅߩኙ಄ᦼߦኻᲧߐࠇࠆ߽ߩߣ⷗ࠄࠇࠆ‫ޕ‬ፉጀߣߩ⸥タ߇޽ࠆ‫ޕ‬ᄢᧁ߶߆㧔1968㧕ߢߪᒝ⟜ߩධ஥‫ޔ‬‫᧲ޓ‬੩シ⍹⋥ᓟߩ⧎☳⟲㓸ߩႎ๔ߪߥ޿߇‫᧲ޔ‬੩シ⍹ౕ૕⊛ߦߪࠤ࡯ࡉ࡞ࠞ࡯ߩධ஥ߦߟ޿ߡ⼏⺰ߒߡ߅ࠅ‫ޔ‬ߩྃἫࠗࡌࡦ࠻ߪ᳇୥ᄌേߩࠨࠗࠢ࡞ߦᲧߴࠇ߫චಽ⍴ᒝ⟜ߩർ஥ߦߟ޿ߡขࠅᛒߞߡ޿ࠆᧄ⺰ᢥߣߪ࿾ၞ߇߿

ߊ‫⋥ޔ‬೨ߣ߶߷ห᭽ߥ᳇୥ߢ޽ࠆߣ⠨߃ࠆߩ߇ᅷᒰߢ޽

߿⇣ߥߞߡ޿ࠆ‫੹ޕ‬ᓟ‫ޔ‬ᄢᧁ߶߆
㧔1968㧕
ߢᬌ⸛ߒߚሹ੗

ࠆ‫ޕ‬એ਄ߩߎߣࠍ〯߹߃ࠆߣ‫ޔ‬ḓᚑၸⓍ‛ߪ᧲੩シ⍹ߩߩ࿾⾰ߦߟ޿ߡ߽ᬌ⸛ࠍㅴ߼ߡ޿ߊ੍ቯߢ޽ࠆ߇੍ኤ⊛ྃἫ೨ᓟߦㄭ޿ᤨᦼߩၸⓍ‛ߣ⚿⺰ߒߡ⍦⋫߇ߥ޿‫ޕ‬ߥ⚿ᨐߣߒߡߪ‫ޔ‬ḓᚑጀߩ⊒㆐߇ᖡ޿ߥߤߩ⋧㆑ὐߪ޽‫ޔߡߞ߇ߚߒޓ‬MLT ߅ࠃ߮ḓᚑၸⓍ‛߇ၒⓍߔࠆ㒱ᴚࠆ߽ߩߩ‫߷߶ޔ‬ධㇱ࿾ၞߢ߽ർㇱ࿾ၞߣ߶߷ห᭽ߩ࿾⾰᭴ㅧߩᒻᚑߪḓᚑၸⓍ‛ߩᐕઍ߅ࠃ߮ MLT ਛߦ฽߹ࠇ

ጀᐨࠍߒߡ޿ࠆߎߣ߇ࠊ߆ࠅߟߟ޽ࠆ‫ޕ‬ࠆጤߩ⒳㘃߆ࠄ‫ޔ‬ᣂᦼᄖベጊᒻᚑᦼ߆ࠄ᧲੩シ⍹ߩྃ಴೨ᓟߦ㒢ቯߐࠇࠆน⢻ᕈ߇㜞޿‫ޔߒߛߚޕ‬೨ㅀߩࠃ߁

‫߼ߣ߹ޓ‬ߦጊ࿾ߩḓᚑၸⓍ‛ߩ⧎☳⟲㓸߇หᤨઍߩᐔ࿾ߩ⧎☳⟲‫ޓ‬ᒝ⟜࿾ၞ๟ㄝߢߪᮡ㜞 400 㨪 500m ઃㄭߦᣂ╙ਃ♽ߩ㓸ߣߤߩ⒟ᐲ⇣ߥࠆ߆ߦߟ޿ߡߪ‫߅ߥޔ‬ᬌ⸛ߩ૛࿾߇޽

ၮ⋚ጤ㘃ߩ਄㒢߇⹺߼ࠄࠇࠆ߇‫ޔ‬ᒝ⟜࿾ၞߢߪၮ⋚ጤࠆὐߪ⇐ᗧߔߴ߈ߢ޽ࠈ߁‫ޕ‬㘃߇ᰳ⪭ߒߡ޿ࠆ‫ޕ‬ઍࠊࠅߦߎߩ࿾ၞߢߪ‫ޔ‬ਛᄩἫญਐ
ྃ಴‛ߩ⋥ਅߦߔߊߥߊߣ߽ᮡ㜞 100m ઃㄭ߹ߢ㆐ߔࠆ

‫ޓ‬ㆊ෰ߩ⎇ⓥߣߩᲧセࡑ࠶ࠪࡉߥἫጊ␕ಝἯጤ㧔MLT㧕
߇ᐢߊಽᏓߔࠆ߶߆‫ߣޔ‬‫ޓ‬ḓዥߦ޽ࠆర▫ᩮ 36 ภ੗ߢ߽ᮡ㜞 189 㨪 90m ߦḓᚑߎࠈߦࠃࠅࠪ࡞࠻㨪☻☸⍾ጤߩḓᚑၸⓍ‛߇⹺߼ࠄࠇ

ၸⓍ‛߇⷗ࠄࠇࠆ
㧔⪦ᐕ࡮᧖ጊ‫ޔ‬2000㧕‫ߩߎޕ‬ḓᚑၸⓍ‛

ࠆ‫ޕ‬MLT ߪᣂᦼጊ૕⿠Ḯࠍߪߓ߼ߣߔࠆ▫ᩮἫጊߩṁߪᧄ⎇ⓥߢ⸃ᨆߒߚᒝ⟜ߩ߽ߩߣ〒㔌⊛ߦ㔌ࠇߡ޿ࠆጤࠍⷺ␕ߣߒߡ฽߻ߚ߼‫ޔ‬ᣂᦼጊ૕ᒻᚑᦼએ㒠ߦᒻᚑߐ਄‫ޔ‬ᮡ㜞߇ᄢ߈ߊ⇣ߥࠆ‫ޕ‬ട߃ߡర▫ᩮઃㄭߣᒝ⟜ઃㄭࠇߚ࿾ጀߢ޽ࠆߣ⠨߃ࠄࠇ‫ߩ࡜࠺࡞ࠞޔ‬㒱ᴚߦ઻ߞߡጊ

ߣߢߪ⽶ߩ㊀ജ⇣Ᏹ߇ㅪ⛯ߒߡ޿ࠆࠃ߁ߦߪ⷗߃ߥ޿‫ޕ‬૕߇፣⪭ߔࠆߎߣߦࠃߞߡᒻᚑߐࠇߚ፣⪭ၸⓍ‛㧔㎨↰‫ޔ‬

એ਄ߩߎߣ߆ࠄਔ⠪ߪ೎୘ߩၸⓍ⋆ߣ⷗ࠄࠇࠆ߇‫ޔ‬ਔḓ

1993㧧⪦ᐕ‫ޔ‬2006㧕
‫ߪߚ߹ޔ‬㒱ᴚಳ࿾ߦ↢ߓߚፗ㍙ߩၸⓍ

ᚑၸⓍ‛ߩ⧎☳ൻ⍹‫⮺⃯ޔ‬ൻ⍹ߩ⚵ᚑߪ㘃ૃߒߡ޿ࠆ‫ޕ‬‛ߣ⷗ࠄࠇࠆ‫ޕ‬‫☳⧎ޓ‬ൻ⍹ߪో⥸⊛ߦ࠻࠙ࡅዻ‫࠷ࡑޔ‬ዻ‫ࡒࡕޔ‬ዻ‫ࠟ࠷ޔ‬‫ޓ‬MLT ߪߣߎࠈߦࠃࠅḓᚑၸⓍ‛ࠍ᜽߻߇‫ߩߘޔ‬ᐔ㕙ዻࠍਥ૕ߣߔࠆߎߣߛߌߢߥߊ‫ޔ‬਄૏ߢߎ߁ߒߚ಄᷷Ꮺ

ಽᏓߪ⽶ߩ㊀ജ⇣Ᏹߩਛᔃㇱಽߦㄭ޿‫ޕ‬ട߃ߡḓᚑၸⓍ㨪੝ኙᏪߩⷐ⚛߇ᷫዋߔࠆߣ޿߁௑ะ߽㘃ૃߒߡ޿ࠆ‫ޕ‬‛ߩಽᏓ࿾ၞߢ MLT ߩ਄㕙ߪ߽ߞߣ߽ૐߊߥߞߡ޿ࠆ‫ޕ‬‫⮺⃯ޓ‬ൻ⍹ߦ㑐ߒߡ߽ో⥸⊛ߦ↥಴ߔࠆ⒳߇㘃ૃߒߡߎ߁ߒߚߎߣߪ‫ޔ‬࿶ኒߦࠃࠅ MLT ߩಽᏓߩਛᄩㇱ߇ᴉ޿ ࠆ ߶ ߆‫ޔ‬Aulacosira islandica‫ޔ‬ Cyclotella recziekiae ߥਅߒߡߢ߈ߚಳ࿾ߦḓ߇ᒻᚑߐࠇߚߎߣࠍ␜ໂߔࠆ‫ޕ‬ߤ߇ጀḰߦࠃߞߡ࿶ୟ⊛ߥఝභ⒳ߦߒ߼ࠄࠇࠆὐ߇㘃‫ޓ‬ḓᚑၸⓍ‛ߦ฽߹ࠇࠆ⧎☳ൻ⍹ߩಽᨆࠍⴕߞߚߣߎ

ૃߔࠆ㧔ర▫ᩮ 36 ภ੗ߢߪ Cyclotella ዻߢ⒳ฬߪࠊ߆ࠄ

ࠈ‫ޔ‬฽߹ࠇࠆ⧎☳ߪ‫ࡅ࠙࠻ޔ‬ዻ߇ථ⿧ߒ‫ࡒࡕޔ‬ዻ‫࠷ࡑޔ‬ߥ߆ߞߚ㧕‫ߚ߹ޕ‬ర▫ᩮ 36 ภ੗ߢߪ޽ࠆ⒟ᐲߩᐢ߇ࠅࠍ

ዻ‫ࠟ࠷ޔ‬ዻ߇ఝవߔࠆ㊎⪲᮸ᨋߩ⚵ᚑࠍ␜ߒ‫⃻ޔ‬࿷ߣᲧᜬߞߚḓ߆ࠄ‫ޔ‬ᵹ᳓߇޽ߞߚࠅߥ߆ߞߚࠅߔࠆਇ቟ቯߥ

ߴࠆߣ‫ࠅࠃޔ‬ኙ಄ߥᤨᦼߩၸⓍ‛ߢ޽ࠆ߽ߩߣ⷗ࠄࠇࠆ‫ޕ‬᳓ၞ߳ߩᄌൻ߇␜ໂߐࠇߚ‫ޔߪࠇߎޕ‬ḓᴧ߇ၸⓍ‛ߦࠃጀ૏ቇ⊛㑐ଥ߿ᬀ‛⟲㓸ߦ㑐ߔࠆㆊ෰ߩ⎇ⓥߣߩኻᲧ߆

ࠅၒ߼┙ߡࠄࠇ❗ዊߒߡ޿ߞߚㆊ⒟ࠍ␜ߒߡ޿ࠆ߽ߩߣ

ࠄ‫ߩߎޔ‬ḓᚑၸⓍ‛ߪ᧲੩シ⍹ྃἫ೨ᓟߩኙ಄ᦼ㨇ᶏᵗ⷗ࠄࠇ‫ޔ‬ᒝ⟜ߩḓᚑၸⓍ‛߆ࠄ␜ໂߐࠇࠆḓߩ❗ዊㆊ⒟㉄⚛ห૏૕Ყࠬ࠹࡯ࠫ 4 ߣߐࠇࠆ㧔↸↰࡮ᣂ੗㧘2003㧕㨉ߣ㘃ૃߒߡ޿ࠆ‫ޕ‬ߦᒻᚑߐࠇߚน⢻ᕈ߇㜞޿‫ޕ‬‫☳⧎ޓ‬ൻ⍹߿⃯⮺ൻ⍹߇㘃ૃߒߡ޿ࠆὐ߿‫ޔ‬ਛᄩἫญਐ

‫ޓ‬એ਄ߩߎߣ߆ࠄ‫ޔ‬ᒝ⟜ઃㄭߩ࿾ਅߢ⷗ࠄࠇࠆ MLT ߣྃ಴‛ߦⷒࠊࠇࠆߣ޿߁ጀᐨቇ⊛ߥὐ߆ࠄ‫ޔ‬ḓዥઃㄭߩḓᚑၸⓍ‛ߦࠃࠅలႯߐࠇߚ᭴ㅧ߇ᣂᦼࠞ࡞࠺࡜ߩࠞ࡞

ḓᚑጀ߽ᣂᦼࠞ࡞࠺࡜ᒻᚑᦼߦߢ߈ߚ㒱ᴚ᭴ㅧࠍၒⓍߔ࠺࡜᭴ㅧߘߩ߽ߩߢ޽ࠆߎߣࠍᒝߊ␜ໂߒߡ޿ࠆ‫ޕ‬

ࠆၸⓍ‛ߣ⷗ࠄࠇࠆ‫ޔߪߣߎߩߎޕ‬ᣂᦼࠞ࡞࠺࡜ᒻᚑᦼ

೉ፉߣߘߩ๟ㄝ，᧲੩ᄢቇ಴

⻢ㄉળ‫ޔ‬R㧚

‫⺞ᧄޓ‬ᩏߢߪ‫ޔ‬ᓸൻ⍹ߩಽᨆࠍࡄ࡝ࡁ࡮ࠨ࡯ࡧࠚࠗᩣᑼ

⪦ᐕ৻೰㧔㧕▫ᩮ࡮ਅḡ႐࿾ၞߢជ೥ߐࠇߚ㧞ᧄߩળ␠ߦᆔ⸤ߒߚ߇‫⥝ޔ‬ᵤ᣽ብ‫ޔ‬ၳౝ⺈␜‫ޔ‬ᄢ႐⑲᣿ߩฦ

᷷ᴰ੗ߩࡏ࡯࡝ࡦࠣ࿾⾰ߣ᷷ᴰ‫␹ޓ‬ᄹᎹ᷷࿾⎇ႎ๔‫ޓ‬᳁ߦߪ‫ޔ‬ಽᨆ⚿ᨐߦߟ޿ߡ᭽‫ߡߒࠍ⺰⼏ߥޘ‬㗂߈‫ᧄޔ‬ႎ
⪦ᐕ৻೰㧔㧕 ỘᎹဳࠞ࡞࠺࡜ߩ࿾⾰᭴ㅧ  ᦬ೀ࿾๔ߩౝኈߪᡷༀߐࠇߚ‫␹ޕ‬ᄹᎹ⋵┙↢๮ߩᤊ࡮࿾⃿ඳ‛⃿ 㧚㙚ߩᧁ႐⧷ਭ᳁ߦߪ⃻࿷ߩ▫ᩮ෸߮๟ㄝ࿾ၞߩᬀ↢ߦߟ޿ߡߏᢎ᝼㗂޿ߚ‫ޔߚ߹ޕ‬Kuno et al.߇ขࠅᛒߞ
（1971）⪦ᐕ৻೰࡮ዊᨋ‫ޓ‬ᷕ࡮ᅏ㊁‫ޓ‬ల࡮═㑆෹ඳ࡮ጊਅᶈਯ࡮

ߚ੗ᚭߪជ೥ᐕઍ߇ฎߊ‫ޔ‬੗ᚭߩᱜ⏕ߥ૏⟎ࠍ⺞ߴࠆߩⵑ↰๺ᄦ࡮ਛ᧛ବᄦ  ▫ᩮἫጊߩྃἫผ㨪ᦨㄭ߇࿎㔍ߢ޽ߞߚ߇‫▫ޔ‬ᩮ↸ᓎ႐ߩਭ଻ኹ౏ᱜ‫ޔ‬ዊ↰ේ଻ߩ⍮⷗ߦၮߠߊౣᬌ⸛  ᦬ೀ࿾⃿

ஜᚲߩᐔ੗ᓀሶ‫ޔ‬ᮮጊᵗมߩฦ᳁ߦ᭽‫ߥޘ‬ᖱႎࠍ㗂߈‫ޔ‬⪦ᐕ৻೰࡮ౝ⮮᣽ᐔ࡮㜞ᯅᱜ᮸  ▫ᩮ↸╍Ⴆ࡮᷷ᱜ⏕ߦหቯߔࠆߎߣ߇น⢻ߦߥߞߚ‫▫ޕ‬ᩮ࿾ၞߩ࿾⾰߅ᴰ᧛  ภ᷷ᴰ੗ߩ࿾⾰ߦߟ޿ߡ㧘᷷࿾⎇ႎ๔㧘ࠃ߮ጤ⍹ߦߟ޿ߡߪᣣ㗃‫ޔ‬ᣣᧄᄢቇߩ㜞ᯅᱜ᮸ᢎ᝼‫ޔ‬㐳⪦ᐕ৻೰࡮᧖ጊ⨃ᄦ   ర▫ᩮ  ภ᷷ᴰ੗ߩࡏ࡯੗㓷ผ᳁ߦ᭽‫ߥޘ‬ᖱႎࠍ㗂޿ߡ޿ࠆ‫ޕ‬એ਄ߩᣇ‫ߦޘ‬ᗵ⻢࡝ࡦࠣ࿾⾰ߣ᷷ᴰ㧘᷷࿾⎇ႎ๔㧘

↳ߒ਄ߍࠆ‫ޕ‬‫⎇ᧄ߅ߥޓ‬ⓥߩㆀⴕߦ޽ߚߞߡ‫↥ޔ‬ᬺᛛⴚ✚ว⎇ⓥᚲ੤

⪦ᐕ৻೰࡮ጊਅᶈਯ  ▫ᩮἫጊ࡮ᣧ㔕ጊྃ᳇࿾Ꮺ

ઃ㊄ߦࠃࠆ‫ޟ‬ፉᒐၸⓍ⋆ߩ⎇ⓥ‫⎇ޠ‬ⓥ⾌‫ޔ‬᷷ᴰ࿾ቇ⎇ⓥߩ࿾ਅ᭴ㅧ㧘ᣣᧄ࿾⾰ቇળ╙  ᐕቇⴚᄢળ⻠Ṷⷐᣦ‫ޔ‬ᚲ⚻Ᏹ⎇ⓥ⾌ߩ߶߆ߦ᧲੩ᄢቇ࿾㔡⎇ⓥᚲ․ቯ౒ห⎇ⓥ

R㧮㧔ᵴἫጊߦ߅ߌࠆྃἫ᭽ᑼߣ㐳ᦼྃἫ੍⍮ߩၮ␆⊛⎇Minaki, M., Noshiro, S. and Suzuki, M.（1988）Hemipteleaⓥ㧕ࠍ૶↪ߒߚ‫ޔߚ߹ޕ‬࿑㧝ߩ૞࿑ߦ GMT（Wessel and

mikii sp. Nov.（Ulmaceae）, fossil fruits and woods from

Smith,1991）ࠍ೑↪ߒߚ‫ޕ‬

the Pleistocene of central Japan, The Botanical Magazine,
Tokyo, 337-351.

ෳ⠨ᢥ₂
࿾⾰⺞ᩏ✚ว࠮ࡦ࠲࡯  ᣣᧄ㊀ജ %&41/ ╙ Mori, S.（1974）Diatom succession in a core from Lake

Biwa. Paleolimnology of Lake Biwa and the Japaneseᢙ୯࿾⾰࿑2 %&41/㧕

Pleistocene, 247-254.

ⵑ↰๺ᄦ࡮᧖ጊ⨃㓶࡮੹᳗‫ޓ‬ാ࡮⪦ᐕ৻೰࡮ᄢᧁ㕏ⴡ  ᩮ᧪ஜ৻㇢  ℚℛḓߩ⃯⮺㧔╙㧝ႎ㧕㒽᳓ቇ㔀⹹‫ޔ‬㧚▫ᩮἫጊߩ -#T ᐕઍ㧘Ἣጊ㧘‫ޓ‬ᬯ੗ ዅ   ᦝᣂ⛔↥ࡂ࡝ࠥࡗࠠዻ
㧔࠾࡟⑼㧕ߩ⧎☳ᐔ⾐჻㇢࡮↰ፉᐢ৻࡮ᐢ↰‫࡮⨃ޓ‬ᴡ⷏ᱜ㓶㧔㧕
▫ᩮἫᒻᘒ㧘╙྾♿⎇ⓥ㧘

ጊߩ㊀ജ⺞ᩏ㧔╙৻ႎ㧕㧘᷷࿾⎇ႎ㧘

ᄢᧁ㕏ⴡ࡮⩆㊁༑૞࡮ᐔ㊁ን㓶࡮ᐢ↰‫࡮⨃ޓ‬ᄢญஜᔒ࡮

㎨↰ᶈᲞ  ⡍㚍ḺἫ⎈ᵹߩྃ಴Ḯߣߒߡߩⁿ—↰቞⍫ᱜೣ  ▫ᩮᒝ⟜᷷ᴰߩ᷷ᐲ⇣Ᏹ਄᣹ߣߘߩ

ߓࠂ߁ߏဳࠞ࡞࠺࡜，᦬ೀ࿾⃿㧘

᳓ℂ࿾⾰ቇ⊛⠨ኤ㧘᷷࿾⎇ႎ๔㧘  

㣮㊁๺ᒾ࡮ศ᧛ᵗᐔ࡮⍹ጊᄢਃ࡮1TVQP),࡮ᄢญஜᔒ  ർᶏ㆏ᅏዥፉ‫ޔ‬ൎỂጊἫጊߩྃ಴‛ߣ᭴ㅧ 

ዊ㊁਄࿅૕⎇ⓥࠣ࡞࡯ࡊ  ⟲㚍⋵ዊ㊁਄࿾ၞߩ࿾
⾰̅㑐᧲ᐔ㊁ർ⷏✼ߦ߅ߌࠆ೨ᦼᦝᣂ਎ၸⓍ⋆࿾ߩᒻἫጊ 

⁁ߦߟ޿ߡ̅㧘࿾⃿⑼ቇ㧘

Krammer, K. and Lange-Bertalot, H.（1991）
Bacillariophyceae,
Susswasser flora von Mitteleuropa, 㪉 437pp.

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ߣྃἫผ，╙྾♿⎇ⓥ，

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ਭ㊁‫ޓ‬ਭ  ▫ᩮἫጊ࿾⾰࿑⺑᣿ᦠ ᄢਭ଻ᦠᐫ‫ޔ‬㜞ᯅᱜ᮸࡮ౝ⮮᣽ᐔ࡮ਛ᧛⋥ሶ࡮㐳੗㓷ผ  ▫ᩮἫጊ೨ᦼ࡮ᓟᦼਛᄩἫญਐྃ಴‛ߩోጤൻቇ⚵ᚑ Rᣣᧄᄢቇᢥℂቇㇱ⥄ὼ⑼ቇ⎇ⓥᚲ⎇ⓥ♿ⷐ   

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਄⚥ጀߩ⃯⮺‫⮺⃯ޔ‬ቇળ⹹‫ޔ‬㤥ა⑲ⴕ࡮࿯੗ትᄦ  ‫ޓ‬ỘᎹࠞ࡞࠺࡜ߩౝㇱ᭴ㅧ㧘Ἣጊ，

ㄞ⺈৻㇢  ਅᧃศᦼએ㒠ߩᬀ↢ᄌㆫߣ᳇୥ᄌൻ‫ޔ‬↸↰‫ޓ‬ᵗ࡮ᣂ੗ᚱᄦ㧔㧕ᣂ✬ ἫጊἯࠕ࠻࡜ࠬ−ᣣᧄࠕ࡯ࡃࡦࠢࡏ࠲‫  ޔ‬Tsuji, S., Minaki, M. and Osawa, S.（1984）Paleobotany andPaleoenvironment of the Late Pleistocene in the Sagami
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ᮮጊ‫ޓ‬ᴰ࡮᫜↰ବᡴ࡮⪦ᐕ৻೰   ▫ᩮἫጊ࿾ၞ
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