Knowledge
P. 238Support Systems
P. 253

Information
P. 262

Disaster Facts
and Information
You Should Know
Learning as much as you can about
disasters will help you make quick andaccurate decisions when one strikes.
This knowledge will not only be helpful
to you, but could lead to helping manyothers too. In this chapter, we havecompiled a range of information ondifferent types of disasters and disaster
preparedness. Enhance your level ofdisaster preparedness by learning more!
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Knowledge of Earthquakes

Seismic Intensity and Magnitude
Seismic intensity describes the degree of shaking. Seismic intensities announced by
the Japan Meteorological Agency are ranked into 10 levels from “0” to “7” (see thetable below). Magnitude (M) is the energy of the earthquake. Even an earthquake witha small magnitude could have a large seismic intensity in areas near the source.

Eurasian Plate

Sa
gam
i Tr
oug
h
h
g
u
o
Tr

Philippine Sea Plate

Izu-Ogasawara
Trench

ai
nk
Na

Jap
an
Tre
nch
Pacific Plate

North American Plate
1

2

Pa
3
cif
ic
Pl
ate

1

3

6

0

Imperceptible to people

1Felt slightly by some people keeping quiet in buildings.

2

Felt by most people keeping quiet in buildings.

3

Felt by almost all people inside buildings.

4

Almost all people are startled. Hanging objects such as lights sway significantly.
Unstable objects/figurines may fall.

4
5

e
lat
aP
e
eS
pin
ilip
Ph

Mechanism of Earthquake
Earthquakes occur when slabs of rock underground slip away or toward each other.
Around Japan, oceanic plates move at a speed of several centimeters a year toward
the land plates, and when the land plates can no longer resist this stress and slip, anearthquake occurs at the plate boundary (interplate earthquake). The complex forces ofmultiple plates around Japan make it one of the world’s most seismically active areas.
An earthquake that occurs inside the tectonic plate is called an intraplate earthquake.
Intraplate earthquakes include earthquakes occurring within the subducting plateand earthquakes occurring in the shallow area of a land plate (shallow focus inland
earthquake: active fault earthquake). As a shallow focus inland earthquake would
occur near residential areas, it could cause large damage. A large earthquake directly
hitting Tokyo, the Tokai earthquake, and other major earthquakes are forecasted tooccur.

Active Fault
These were active in the most recent period of geological time (from the Quaternary
Period: within the last 1.7 to 2 million years), and are faults that can become thesource of future earthquakes.

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Situation

Seismic
intensity

2

5 Lower Most people feel the need to hold onto something stable. Things such as dishes orbooks on shelves may fall. Unsecured furniture may move and unstable objects
may topple over.
5 Upper

Walking is difficult without holding onto something stable. More things suchas dishes or books on shelves fall. Unreinforced concrete block walls, etc., may
collapse.

6 Lower It is difficult to remain standing. Most unsecured furniture move and some may
topple over. Wall tiles and windows may sustain damage and fall. For wooden
houses with low earthquake resistance, roof tiles may fall, and the houses may tilt
or collapse.
6 Upper

75People need to crawl to move, and may be thrown through the air. Almost all
unsecured furniture move and more start toppling over. Large cracks may form in
the ground, and large-scale landslips and massif collapse may occur.
There are even more cases of wooden houses with low earthquake resistancetilting or collapsing. Even buildings with high earthquake resistance could tilt.
More reinforced concrete buildings with low seismic resistance collapse.

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Liquefaction

Long-period ground motion observation information

Liquefaction is a phenomenon in which soil behaves like a liquid due to the occurrenceof an earthquake. It could cause damage such as the tilting or sinking of houses andother buildings. It could also result in the uplifting of manholes and structures withlaw specific gravity such as sewage pipes.

The Japan Meteorological Agency is announcing long-period ground motion
observation information on its website on a trial basis (as of April 2015).

Long-period Ground Motions
When an earthquake occurs, various periods of shaking (ground motion) occur. Here,“period” means the time it takes for the ground to move back and forth to complete
one cycle. When a large-scale earthquake occurs, a long-period, slow and large
shaking (ground motion) occurs. This kind of ground motion is called “long-period
ground motion.”

Swaying characteristics of tallbuildings
Buildings have what is called a natural
period—the rate at which they swayback and forth. When this natural period
and the seismic wave period match up,
the subsequent resonance will make thebuilding shake significantly. In general,tall buildings have a longer natural
period than low buildings. Due to thisfact, tall buildings tend to resonate
with the seismic waves of long-period
ground motion, and once this resonanceoccurs, a building will sway largely fora long period. The higher floors of a tallbuilding also tend to sway more than thelower floors.

24 0150629_5-en.indd 240-241

Slow swaying
throughout the building

Long-period ground motion is ranked according to situations inside tall buildings, suchas human perception and reaction, and the movement or toppling over of furniture.
For instance in long-term ground motion grade 1, window blinds swing significantly
and almost everyone can feel the shaking. At grade 4, most of the furniture that is notsecured to the floor or wall moves and people find it difficult to remain standing.

Long-period
ground motion
level

Human perception and reaction

Situation

Almost everyone can feel the
shaking. Some are startled.

Blinds and other hanging objects
swing significantly.

Grade 2People feel large shaking and wantto hold onto something stable. They
have problems moving, such as
having difficulty walking without
holding onto something.

Furniture and fixtures on casters
move slightly. Dishes and books onshelves may fall.

Grade 3It becomes difficult to remain
standing.

Furniture and fixtures on casters
move significantly. Unsecured
furniture may move, and unstable
items may topple over.

Grade 4People cannot remain standing,have to crawl to move, and are
tossed about by the shaking.

Furniture and fixtures on casters
move significantly, and some may
topple over. Most of the unsecured
furniture will move and some will
topple over.

Grade 1

The higher the floor,
the more powerful
the shaking

Medium and tall

Long-period ground motion levels

Supertall5

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Tsunami Knowledge
Earthquake Early Warnings
Earthquake Early Warning is information on the estimated seismic intensity and arrival
time of strong tremors, which is provided as soon as possible after the occurrence of anearthquake. When an Earthquake Early Warning is issued by the Japan Meteorological
Agency, people are informed through television, radio, the Internet, and others.

1. The ocean floor and ocean surface rise orsink due to an earthquake.
2. The fluctuation of the ocean surface
becomes a large wave that spreads in all
directions and strikes the coastal areas.

Types of Earthquake Early Warnings
There are two main types of Earthquake Early Warnings: forecasts and alerts.
An Earthquake Early Warning forecast is issued when an earthquake witha maximum seismic intensity of at least 3 or a magnitude of at least 3.5 isexpected to occur. An Earthquake Early Warning alert is issued for areas thatwill have tremors with a seismic intensity of at least 4 when an earthquakewith a maximum seismic intensity of at least 5 Lower is expected to occur.
When the maximum seismic intensity is expected to be at least 6 Lower, the
Early Warning alert is positioned as an emergency alert.
Type
Ground motion
forecast

Name of Earthquake Warning
IssuedEarthquake Early Warning
forecast

Ground motion alert
Ground motion
emergency alert

Earthquake Early Warning orEarthquake Early Warning alert

Earthquake

Contents
Maximum seismic intensity 3 orhigher or magnitude 3.5 or higher
Maximum seismic intensity 5
Lower or higher
Maximum seismic intensity 6
Lower or higher

5

Mechanism of a Tsunami
Mechanism of Earthquake Early Warning System
When an earthquake occurs, the P waves that cause small shaking are followed by the
S waves that cause large shaking. After detecting the first P wave by the seismometers,
the Earthquake Early Warning is issued to warn people of the approaching S wave.
However, in areas close to the focus, the Earthquake Early Warning may not be issued
in time.

24 2150629_5-en.indd 242-243

When an earthquake occurs at a shallow place below the surface of the ocean floor,
fault movements make the ocean floor rise or sink. This results in a fluctuation of
the ocean surface, which becomes a large wave that spreads in all direction. This isa tsunami. The deeper the water depth, the faster the tsunami travels, and the more
shallow the water, the higher the tsunami becomes. In any case, the tsunami flows
powerfully inland at a speed that most people will not be able to outrun. It also recedes
very strongly, taking everything that floats out to sea. Tsunamis will hit repetitively as
well.

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Typhoon and Heavy Rain
Knowledge
Typhoon Structure

Eye of the typhoon

Air descends, with no clouds, and weakening wind and rain. Theeye has a diameter ranging from around 20 to 200 km. In general,
the smaller the eye of the typhoon, the more powerful the typhoon.

Eyewall

The eye of the typhoon is surrounded by the eyewall, a ring ofdense cumulonimbus clouds. This is where the strongest wind andrain of the storm occurs.

Spiral band

A somewhat thick spiral band (inner rainband) around the eyewall,
which produce strong and continuous rainfall.

Outer band
Above the clouds

Hurricane
TyphoonCycloneOuter rainbands around the spiral band, forming about 200 to 600
km from the center of the typhoon, which intermittently produce
strong rain showers, thunderstorms, and at times, tornadoes.
Air is released clockwise.

Cross section diagramof a typhoon
Eye ofthe Typhoon

180° E* Large tropical cyclones are called different names depending on where they occur.

Typhoons and Tropical Cyclones

24 4150629_5-en.indd 244-245

Eyewall

Height 10-15 km

Low-pressure systems forming over tropical waters are called tropical cyclones. Of
these tropical cyclones, those in the northwestern Pacific or the South China Seathat have a maximum wind speed (10-minute average) of at least 17m/s are called
typhoons. Upper level winds push the typhoon, which is disposed to moving northdue to the effect of earth’s rotation. Because of this, in low latitudes where east winds
normally blow, the typhoon moves north while being steered to the west. When thetyphoon reaches the middle and high latitudes where strong west winds (prevailingwesterlies) are blowing in the upper level, typhoons move northeast at a high speed.

5

Descending
air

Outer band

Ascending air

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Advisories and Warnings for Typhoons and Heavy Rain

Heavy rain
advisory

Issued when there is the risk that heavy rain will cause flooding or
sediment disasters. The advisory continues to be issued even after the rain
has stopped if there is still the risk of sediment disasters, etc.

Heavy rain
warning

Issued when there is the risk that heavy rain will cause serious flooding or
sediment disasters. The warning continues to be issued even after the rain
has stopped if there is still the risk of serious sediment disasters, etc

Gale advisory

Issued when there is the risk of disasters occurring from strong winds.

Stormwarning

Issued when there is the risk of serious disasters occurring from violent
winds.

Flood dvisory

Issued when there is the risk of rising levels or flooding of rivers, damage
or collapse of levees, and other disasters occurring due to heavy rain, long
rain, snowmelt, etc.

Floodwarning

Issued when there is the risk of serious disasters occurring due to heavy
rain, long rain, snowmelt, etc.

High wave
advisory

Issued when there is the risk of disasters occurring due to high waves.
High waves are completely different from tsunamis occurring fromearthquakes.

High wave
warning

Issued when there is the risk of serious disasters occurring due to highwaves. High waves are completely different from tsunamis occurring fromearthquakes.

Typhoon and heavy rain emergency warnings

Heavy rain
emergency
warning

Issued when heavy rainfall of an intensity observed only once every
few decades is forecasted due to typhoons or torrential rain, or when apowerful typhoon with a level of intensity observed only once every few
decades or an extratropical cyclone of comparable intensity is forecasted
to bring heavy rain. When a heavy rain emergency warning is issued, it
is expected that there is an extremely large risk of serious damage suchas inundation and sediment disaster occurring. The emergency warning
continues to be issued even after the rain has stopped when there is stilla significantly large risk of serious sediment disaster, etc. occurring.

Storm
emergency
warning

Issued when it is forecasted that a powerful typhoon with a level ofintensity observed only once every few decades or an extratropical
cyclone of comparable intensity will produce violent winds.

High wave
emergency
advisory

Issued when it is forecasted that a powerful typhoon with a level ofintensity observed only once every few decades or an extratropical
cyclone of comparable intensity will produce high waves. High waves
are completely different from tsunamis occurring from earthquakes.

Storm surge
emergency
warning

Issued when it is forecasted that a powerful typhoon with a level ofintensity observed only once every few decades or an extratropical
cyclone of comparable intensity will result in storm surge.

Other typhoon and heavy rain bulletins and forecasts

Storm surge
advisory

Issued when there is the risk of disasters occurring through the abnormalrise of the ocean surface due to typhoons, low pressure systems, etc.

Storm surge
warning

Issued when there is the risk of serious disasters occurring through theabnormal rise of the ocean surface due to typhoons, low pressure systems, etc.

Thunderstorm
warning

Issued when there is the risk of disasters occurring through lightening.
Alerts may also be added for hail or sudden gusts of wind that often form
under thunderclouds. Thunderstorm advisories will also call for caution
against sudden heavy rain.

24 6150629_5-en.indd 246-247

Record-time
heavy rain
information

During a heavy rain warning, this bulletin is announced on theobservation or analysis of severe record-time heavy rain of a scale that
only occurs once every several years to let everyone know that thecurrent rainfall is of a severity rarely seen in that area.

5
Designated riverflood forecast

Sedimentdisaster alert
bulletin

The Japan Meteorological Agency and the national government orprefectural governments jointly make flood forecasts that indicate thewater level and flow rate of designated rivers. There are four types ofdesignated river flood forecasts: Flood advisory bulletin, flood warning
bulletin, flood risk bulletin, and flood bulletin.
During a heavy rain warning, if a very high risk of sediment disaster
arises, the municipalities at risk are identified, and this bulletin is issued
jointly by the relevant prefecture and the Japan Meteorological Agency.
Locations at risk of sediment disasters, warning and evacuation
districts, and emergency warning districts can be confirmed on theTokyo Metropolitan Government’s Sediment Disaster Risk Map

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Various Weather Information

Heavy snow advisory, warning, emergency warning

Avalanche, etc. advisories

Heavy snow
advisory

Issued when there is the risk of disasters occurring due to heavy snow.

Avalanche
advisory

Issued when there is the risk of disasters occurring from avalanches.

Heavy snow
warning

Issued when there is the risk of serious disasters occurring due toheavy snow.

Snowmelt
advisory

Issued when there is the risk of serious disasters occurring due toheavy snow.

Heavy snow
emergency
warning

Issued when heavy snow with a level of intensity observed only once
every few decades is forecasted.

Snow accretion
advisory

Issued when heavy snow with a level of intensity observed only once
every few decades is forecasted.

Snowstorm advisory, warning, emergency warning

Gale and snow
advisory

Issued when there is the risk of damage from gales accompanying
snow. In addition to disasters from strong winds, alerts are also
given for disasters resulting from visibility obstruction (reduction ofvisibility), etc., accompanying snow.

Snowstorm
warning

Issued when there is the risk of serious disasters occurring fromgales accompanying snow. In addition to serious disasters occurringfrom violent winds, warnings are also given about the risk of serious
disasters resulting from visibility obstruction (reduction of visibility),
etc., accompanying snow.

Snowstorm
emergency
warning

Issued when it is forecasted that a powerful typhoon with a level ofintensity observed only once every few decades or a extratropical
cyclone of comparable intensity will produce violent winds
accompanying snow. In addition to serious disasters occurring fromviolent winds, warnings are also given about the extremely high riskof serious disasters resulting from visibility obstruction (reduction ofvisibility), etc., accompanying snow.

Cold weather advisories
Ice accretion
advisory

Issued when there is the risk of damage to communications lines, power lines,
ship hulls, etc., due to significant ice accretion.

Frost advisory

Issued when there is the risk of damage to crops due to early and late frost.

Low temperatureadvisory

Issued when there is the risk of significant damage to crops, etc., due to lowtemperatures, or the risk of significant damage brought about by the freezingor rupture of water supply pipes in the winter.

5

Other Advisories
Dense fog
advisory

Dry air advisory

24 8150629_5-en.indd 248-249

Issued when there is the risk of disasters occurring due tothick fog. Disasters include significant impairments thathinder the operation of transit systems.
Issued where there is the risk of disasters occurring due todry air, and when weather conditions that have a high risk offire outbreak are forecasted.

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Large-Scale Disasters in the
Past
Earthquakes since the Great Kanto Earthquake that wrought
enormous damage

Major volcanic eruptions that had an impact on Tokyo

Year

Scale

Disaster nameDamageYear

Name

Damage, etc.

1923

M7.9

Great Kanto EarthquakeKita

Deaths/missing:Over 105,000

1707

Hoei-Eruption of Mount Fuji

Large quantities of volcanic ash

1927

M7.3

TKita Tango Earthquake

Deaths: 2,925

1902

Izu-Torishima Eruption

Deaths: 125

1943

M7.2

Tottori Earthquake

Deaths: 1,083

1944

M7.9

Tonankai Earthquake

Deaths/missing: 1,223

1940

Miyakejima Eruption

Deaths: 11

1945

M6.8

Mikawa Earthquake

Deaths: 2,306

1983

Miyakejima Eruption

Damage from lava flow, etc.

1946

M8.0

Nankai Earthquake

Deaths: 1,330

1986

Izu-Oshima Eruption

All residents evacuated from the island

1948

M7.1

Fukui Earthquake

Deaths: 3,769

1995

M7.3

Great Hanshin-Awaji
Earthquake

Deaths: 6,434

2000

Miyakejima Eruption

All residents evacuated from the island

2011

M9.0

Great East Japan
Earthquake

Deaths: 19,225(as of March 2015)* Volcanic eruptions that left behind damage in Tokyo

5

1923 Great Kanto Earthquake (from the archivesof the Tokyo Metropolitan Government Memorial
Hall of Reconstruction Hall of Reconstruction)

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2011 Great East Japan Earthquake

1986 Izu-Oshima eruption©T. Miyazaki

2000 Miyakejima Eruption

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Support for Rebuilding of Life
after a Disaster
Recent typhoons and heavy rain that had an impact on Tokyo
Heavy rain

Inundation above floor level: 2,349
Inundation below floor level: 2,129

Typhoon No. 9

Injured: 2
Houses totally destroyed: 2
Houses destroyed to some degree: 189

Heavy rain

Injured: 5Inundation above floor level: 7
Inundation below floor level: 5

July 5, 2010

Heavy rain

Missing: 1
Inundation above floor level: 336
Inundation below floor level: 372
Landslip: 1

December 2-3, 2010

Heavy rain, gales

Deaths: 1
Injured: 5Houses destroyed to some degree: 1

September 21, 2011

Typhoon No. 15

Injured: 6
Houses destroyed to some degree:1
Inundation below floor level: 3

September 15-16, 2013

Typhoon No. 18

Injured: 3Houses destroyed to some degree: 4Inundation below floor level: 1

Typhoon No. 26

Deaths: 36
Missing: 4Houses totally destroyed: 46;
Houses partially destroyed: 40

September 4-5, 2005

September 5-7, 2007

August 9, 2009

October 16, 2013

Support for rebuilding life
There are various systems in place to help you rebuild your life when you haveincurred damage from a natural disaster such as an earthquake. Some of the systems
may require that you present a damage certificate (risai shomeisho), which certifies thedegree of damage to your home or office, etc., caused by the earthquake, etc. File forthis certificate at your municipality. Following this, you can apply for various systems
that can help you rebuild your life. In addition, if you were insured for earthquakes,
etc., you can receive insurance money.

Death of a parent or child, etc.

➡

Disaster sympathy money

Disability from injury or disease➡

Disaster disability compensation money

Need money for the time being
to live and to rebuild life➡
➡

Support fund for disaster victims to rebuild
their lives
Disaster relief fundWish to get a tax exemption or
reduction➡
➡

Income tax casualty loss deduction
Income tax disaster exemption

Wish to rebuild my house➡

Disaster reconstruction housing loan

Wish to resume work➡
➡
➡

Public vocational training
Job seeker support training
Vocational training allowance➡

Emergency scholarship by the Japan Student
Services Organization
National government education loan’s special
measure for disasters* Typhoons and heavy rain that wrought human damage in Tokyo and damage to over 2,000 houses.

Wish to resume school➡

Wish to rebuild my business➡
➡

5

Disaster reconstruction loan
Loan systems for SMEs and agricultural,
forestry, and fisheries businesses

2013 Typhoon No. 26 sediment disaster in Izu Oshima island

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Damage certificate

Disaster disability compensation money

A damage certificate is issued by the head of the municipality to certify the degree ofdamage to a person’s residence due to disasters such as earthquakes, wind and floods. It
will be necessary to use this certificate to receive benefits, loans, disaster relief money,
extension and/or reduction/exemption of payment of taxes, national health insurance,
etc., reduction/exemption of fees for public services, to file for insurance benefits, andapply for residence in emergency temporary housing.

Those who became severely disabled due to the disaster can receive disaster disability
compensation money. For details, inquire at your local municipality.

Criteria for the Damage Certificate
The damage certificate is widely usedas material to determine eligibility forvarious disaster victim support measures.
It is classified according to the degree ofdamage to the dwelling (owned housing,rented housing) as shown in the table. For
details, inquire at your local municipality
office.

Degreeof damageTotal
destruction
Significant
partialdestruction
Partialdestruction

Amount ofcompensation

Percentage
destroyed
50% or more
40% to under 50%
Recipient
20% to under 40%

When the household’s main provider became severely disabled:
Amount determined by municipality ordinance (2.5 million yen)
When other members of the family became severely disabled
Amount determined by municipality ordinance (1.25 million yen)Those who are blind in both eyes.
Those who have lost the functions of mastication and speech.
Those who are left with serious impairment in the functions of the nervous
system or in the psyche and require continuous nursing care.
Those who are left with serious impairment in the functions of the thorax
and abdominal organs and require continuous nursing care.
Those who have lost both upper limbs above the elbow joint.
Those who have completely lost the functions of both upper limbs.
Those who have lost both lower limbs above the knee joint.
Those who have completely lost the functions of both lower limbs.
For those with multiple physical or mental impairments,

Disaster Sympathy Money
The families of those who lost their lives or are missing due to the disaster can receive
sympathy money. For details, inquire at your local municipality.

AmountDeath of the household’s main provider:
Amount determined by municipality ordinance (5 million yen)
Death of another family member:
Amount determined by municipality ordinance (2.5 million yen)
Family of the deceased(1. Spouse 2. Child 3. Parent 4. Grandchild 5. Grandparent)

Support fund for disaster victims to rebuild their lives
A support fund will be provided to households that suffered significant damage totheir livelihoods through the disaster, such as total destruction of their residences. For
details, inquire at your municipality

Payment
Support provided according to how
the dwelling will be reconstructed(additional fund)5

Total destruction, etc.: 1 million yen
Significant partial destruction: 500,000 yen
Construction or purchase: 2 million yen
Repair: 1 million yen
Rental (excluding public housing): 500,000 yen

Recipient
When there are none of the above family members, a sibling of thedeceased (Lived with the deceased at the time of death, or lived under thesame household budget)

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150629_5-en.indd 254-255*If a dwelling is built or purchased (or repaired) after renting a dwelling, the combined total
amount of support will be 2 million (or 1 million) yen.
*For single households, the payment will be 3/4 of the amount indicated above.

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Disaster Relief Fund

Income tax casualty loss deduction

Those who have suffered injury or damage to their residence or property are eligible toborrow funds for disaster relief. However, income limits apply. For details, inquire atyour local municipality.

When a disaster results in damages to your property such as housing, household
possessions, and clothing, which are needed for daily life, you can deduct a certain
amount from income when filing your tax returns. The amount deductible can bechosen from either (1) casualty loss deduction based on the Income Tax Act, or (2)income tax exemption/reduction measures based on the Disaster Exemption Act,
whichever is better. For details, inquire at your local tax office.

This injury alone 1.5 million yen

Head of household has injuries
lasting at least 1 month.

Damage to at least 1/3 of household possessions 2.5 million yen

Income tax disaster exemption
Partial destruction of dwelling 2.7 million yen
Total destruction of dwelling 3.5 million yen
Damage to at least 1/3 of household possessions 1.5 million yen

When your income in the year of the disaster does not exceed 10 million yen, anddamages to your home or household possessions were 50% or more of the current
value, you can receive income tax exemption/reduction. However, this only applies tothose who are not filing for income tax casualty loss deductions. For details, inquire atyour local tax office.

Partial destruction of dwelling 1.7 million yen
Head of household does not have
injuries lasting at least 1 month

Total destruction of dwelling (excluding dwellings thatwere completely lost or swept away) 2.5 million yen
Dwelling was completely lost or swept away
3.5 million yen

Loan interest rate
Period of deferment
Period of repayment

Annual rate of 3% (no interest during the period of deferment)
Within 3 years (5 years in special cases)
Within 10 years (includes the period of deferment)

Other reduction/exemption from taxes, etc.
You may be eligible for tax or insurance reduction/exemption or deductions according
to the scale of the disaster and the degree of damage. Inquire at the relevant divisions
noted below.
Tax OfficeInheritance tax, gift tax,

Nearby municipal officeInhabitant tax, fixed asset tax (for those residing in the
23 wards, inquire at the metropolitan tax office), etc.

5

National health insurance / long-term care insurance

256150629_5-en.indd 256-257

Metropolitan Tax OfficeBusiness tax on individuals

Japan Pension Service

National pension

Relevant utility service orofficeElectricity, gas, water supply and sewerage, telephonebills, NHK receiving fee, etc.

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Disaster reconstruction housing loan

Emergency temporary housing

Those who own or reside in dwellings that were damaged by the disaster can receivea disaster reconstruction housing loan to rebuild their homes. Residences eligible
for this loan are, in principle, those with a floor space from 13sqm to 175sqm. These
residences must also meet the criteria set by the Japan Housing Finance Agency. For
details, inquire at the Japan Housing Finance Agency, which is providing the loan..

Emergency temporary housing is for people who have lost a place to live because
their home was total destroyed (collapsing, burning, swept away) in a disaster, andwho do not have the financial means to secure housing on their own. If enoughemergency temporary housing cannot be built in time, it would also be possible to live
in rented private housing deemed to be temporary housing. According to the situation,
the Tokyo Metropolitan Government plans to promptly and appropriately provide
disaster survivors with emergency temporary housing by using public housing such as
metropolitan housing, renting private housing, and constructing temporary housing.

Implementing
organization

Japan Housing Finance Agency

Eligibleborrowers

People who have received a Damage Certificate for partial destruction or more,
and own, rent, or live in a dwelling with floor space from 13sqm to 175 sqm.

Use of funds

Construction, purchase, or repair of own home

Loan limit

Construction funds: Basic loan 16.5 million yen / special addition 5.1 million yen
Land acquisition funds: 9.7 million yen
Ground leveling funds: 4.4 million yen

Interest rate

Basic loan: 0.91% / special addition: 1.81%

Loan period

Within 35 years

Earthquake insurance
In Japan, you never know when you might suffer damages to your home andhousehold possessions due to an earthquake, tsunami, or other catastrophe.
These damages can be covered by earthquake insurance or mutual aid (this isdifferent from fire insurance). Earthquake insurance is insurance dedicated toearthquake disasters, which provides compensation for damages to property by
fire, destruction, immersion or being swept away, caused by an earthquake orvolcanic eruption or a subsequent tsunami. Damages from liquefaction caused
by earthquakes are also covered.

5(as of February 2014)

Receiving earthquake insurance
Insurance will be paid according to the degree of damage to the building orhousehold possessions. Even if you do not have the insurance papers with you
due to fire or tsunami, as long as you can prove who you are, you can take theprocedures to receive insurance.

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Support for Daily Life

Resuming work

Disaster Reconstruction Loan

Those who have lost work can look for a job at Hello Work (national government’s
employment service center) or receive support such as vocational training.

This is a disaster reconstruction loan to support small and medium-sized companies
that were affected by the disaster in rebuilding their business. The repayment period
is longer than regular loans, and it also has benefits such as a long grace period. For
details, inquire at the Japan Finance Corporation.

Public vocational
training

Eligibility

Those receiving unemployment benefits

Contents

Can receive training for free to acquire skills andknowledge necessary for employment(trainee must bear the text fees, etc.)

Eligibility

Those who cannot receive unemployment benefits
because they were self-employed, were not participatingin the employment insurance program, etc.

Contents

Can receive training for free to acquire skills andknowledge necessary for employment (trainee mustbear the text fees, etc.)

Eligibility

Those who cannot receive unemployment benefits
and who are instructed by Hello Work to receive
training, and fulfill certain conditions.

Job seeker support
training

Eligibility
Use of funds
Maximum loan
Standard interest rate
Repayment period

Vocational
training
allowance

Security/guarantor

Small and medium-sized business operators who suffereddamages due to a designated disaster
Equipment funds or long-term operating funds to rebuild thebusiness after the disaster
Direct loan: 150 million yen
Loan by agent: additional 75 million yen within the limits ofthe direct loan
1.4 - 2.0% (as of April 2015)
Equipment funds: within 10 years(of which there is a period of deferment of up to 2 years)
Operating funds: within 10 years(of which there is a period of deferment of up to 2 years)
Whether there is the need to provide security and the type of
security, etc. is decided after discussion

Returning to school
Those with drastic changes in household finances or whose school has been damaged
due to the disaster can receive emergency scholarships to help cover matters such as
school tuition and fees for transferring schools.
Emergency
scholarship by
the Japan Student
Services Organization

Eligibility

Inquiries

Education loan as theGovernment’s disasterspecial measures

Eligibility

Inquiries

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Households residing in areas falling under
the Disaster Relief Act, which have had
a drastic change in the financial situation
within the past 12 months
Current school
Special measure for disasters may apply tothose who have a damage certificate, etc.
There are also special measures such as
partial easing of income restrictions andextension of repayment period.
Japan Finance Corporation

Loan systems for SMEs and agricultural, forestry, and fisheriesbusinesses
The Shoko Chukin Bank provides loans for equipment funds or operating funds tosmall and medium-size companies that have suffered damages, and Credit Guarantee
Corporations serve as guarantors for loans from financial institutions. The Japan
Finance Corporation also loans operating funds and management funds to agricultural,
forestry, and fisheries operators who suffered damages. Business funds are also loaned
at low interest rates to agricultural cooperatives and other cooperatives.

Main loansystems

5

Shoko Chukin Bank’s disaster reconstruction funds for SMEs
Credit guarantee corporations around Japan provide credit guarantee
to SMEs
Support by the Japan Finance Corporation for agricultural, forestry,
and fisheries businesses
Natural calamity loan system for agricultural, forestry, and fisheriesbusinesses provided by the local municipality

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Emergency First Aid

Clothing catching fire

Burn degree and treatment
Determining burn depth
DegreeDamaged tissue

External appearance

SymptomFirstdegreeEpidermis

Skin is red

Painful, tender and sore

Skin is red and appears
swollen; blisters may
form

When the upper layer of thedermis is involved (superficial
second degree) there is strong
pain and a burning sensation.
When the lower layer of thedermis is involved (deepsecond degree), pain andsensation of the skin isdiminished.

Skin is dry and leathery,with no elasticity, iswhite and charred insome areas

No pain or sensation of theskin

SeconddegreeDermisThird
degreeSubcutaneous
fat tissue

Treatment of severe burns
Cool the burned area with water over the clothes, and cover the burn with clean thickcloth such as towels, to protect from pressure and friction. See a doctor as soon as
possible.
Treatment of light burns ➡ P. 182

If your clothing catches fire, do not run as this will worsen the fire. Stay where you
are and try to extinguish the fire immediately by dropping to the floor or ground androlling, removing your clothing, beating your body, pouring water over yourself, etc.
If someone else’s clothing has caught fire, extinguish the fire by pouring water orcovering the person with your clothes.

Degree of bleeding and treatment
Arterial bleeding
When the blood is bright red and spurts out in rhythm with the pumpingof the heart, it is arterial bleeding. Call for an ambulance or medical help
immediately since profuse bleeding could result in death. The most effective
first-aid treatment would be to cover the wound with a thick piece of gauze,
etc., and apply direct pressure to the wound to stop the bleeding. When thisis not sufficiently effective, try to stop the bleeding by an indirect method
in which the thumb, etc., is used to apply pressure on the artery between thewound and heart.
Details ➡ P. 179
5Venous bleeding
When blood is dark red and flows out continuously, bleeding is from a vein. A large
amount of blood loss within a short time usually does not occur. Firmly press abandage, etc., on the wound to stop the bleeding.

Exposure to chemical agents

Capillary bleeding

When the skin has come in contact with a chemical agent, wash off with water. Do
not scrub with a brush, etc., as this will irritate the wound. Immediately dispose ofclothing or shoes that have been covered with the chemical. See a doctor as soon as
possible.

When red blood oozes out from a cut on the finger, a knee abrasion after a fall, etc.,
this is bleeding from the capillary veins. Treat by applying a bandage, etc.

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Triage at the emergency medical station

Types of Infectious Disease

The arrival of patients at emergency medical stations will be a mixture of bothlightly wounded or ill patients and critical patients. In order to achieve the best lifesaving results in a short period of time, the patients will be evaluated and categorizedaccording to the degree of their illness or wounds, and prioritized for treatment ortransfer to a medical facility outside the disaster zone. This is called “triage.”

Infectious diseases range from the annual seasonal influenza to diseases that could
result in death. Under the Infectious Diseases Act, infectious diseases are categorized
into groups from Class 1 to Class 5, and doctors are required to notify the nearest
public health center when a patient is diagnosed with such a disease.

The evaluation criteria for triage are standardized, and medical practitioners willconduct treatment in the order of the triage tag. This is a necessary measure to fully
use limited resources such as medical staff and drugs, in order to save as many lives as
possible.

Categorization

Priority

Color tag

Symptoms

Highest priority
treatment group(serious)

I

Red

Immediate treatment needed to save life.
Are choking, have extensive bleeding, orare in shock.

Elective
treatment group(moderate)

Wait group(minor)

Not breathing
group(deceased)

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II

III

IV

Yellow

Green

Black

Class I
infectious disease

Class II
infectious disease

Poliomyelitis, tuberculosis, diphtheria, severe acuterespiratory syndrome (limited to those resulting fromthe SARS coronavirus as a beta coronavirus), Middle
East respiratory syndrome (limited to those resulting
from the MERS coronavirus as a beta coronavirus), andavian influenza (H5N1 and H7N9)Class III
infectious disease

Cholera, bacillary dysentery, enterohemorrhagic E. coli
infection, typhoid, and paratyphoid

Class IV
infectious disease

E hepatitis, West Nile Virus, A hepatitis, echinococcosis,
yellow fever, psittacosis, Omsk hemorrhagic fever,relapsing fever, Kyasanuru forest disease, Q fever,rabies, coccidioidomycosis, monkey pox, severe feverwith thrombocytopenia syndrome (limited to thoseresulting from the phlebovirus genus SFTS virus),
hemorrhagic fever with renal syndrome, western equine
encephalitis, tick-borne encephalitis, and others

Slight delay in treatment will not be life
threatening.
Basically have stable breathing andpulse.

Minor injuries or illness other than theabove, which hardly need treatment by aspecialist.
No breathing even when the airway
has been secured. Already deceased.
Or clearly instant death with nopossibility of resuscitation even if CPR
is conducted.

Ebola hemorrhagic fever, Crimean-Congo hemorrhagic
fever, smallpox, South American hemorrhagic fever,plague, Marburg disease, and Lassa fever

Class V
infectious disease5

Amoebic dysentery, viral hepatitis (except for
hepatitis E and hepatitis A), carbapenem-resistantEnterobacteriaceae bacterial infection, acuteencephalitis (except for West Nile encephalitis, westernequine encephalitis, tick-borne encephalitis, easternequine encephalitis, Japanese encephalitis, Venezuelan
equine encephalitis, and Rift Valley fever), and others

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Disaster Volunteers
Tokyo Fire Department (TFD) disaster volunteers

Disaster Volunteers
Disasters volunteers are supporters who willingly take on restoration and recovery
activities in the event of a disaster such as earthquakes, tsunamis, and wind andflooding from typhoons. You may have a strong image of volunteers conducting
activities such as removing rubble and garbage at the stricken site, helping out atevacuation centers, and transporting and distributing relief. But their activities covera broader range, including providing mental care to the disaster survivors, holding
consultations and study meetings on rebuilding life, and providing information overthe Internet.
Fundamentals of volunteer activities

The TFD disaster volunteers are specialized volunteers who are registered in advancewith the TFD to provide support in the event of a large-scale accident or natural
disaster such as an earthquake with a seismic intensity of 6-lower or more in a district
under the jurisdiction of the TFD. These volunteers assemble at their own initiative at
the fire station where they are registered or at a nearby fire station, and provide support
for firefighting activities.

Activities of the TFD disaster volunteers
These volunteers support firefighting activities, provide logistics support, etc.,
for instance, supporting the firefighting activities of the department’s firefighters,
supporting rescue activities, providing first aid, and collecting information on thedamage situation. In normal times, their main activities are participating in drills andevents in preparation for a disaster. As community disaster response leaders, theymight also coach residents on fire and disaster prevention.

Disaster survivors can request various kinds of support from volunteers working in thedisaster-stricken area, such as removing rubble. However, volunteers are volunteers.
It is up to the volunteers to decide whether or not to take up this request. It should beunderstood that they will not always respond to requests when, for instance, it could
be dangerous or if there are not enough volunteers.

How to register as a TFD disaster volunteer

Disaster Volunteer CenterIn principle, a person at least 15 years old (excluding middle school students) who
resides, works, or commutes to school in an area under the jurisdiction of the TFD,
and who fulfills one of the following conditions can register.

The Disaster Volunteer Center is a hub of volunteer activities to be installed in the eventof a disaster. In general, organizations, such as the social welfare council of the affected
area, are responsible for the operation of the Disaster Volunteer Center in cooperation
with administrative officials and volunteers for smooth volunteer activities.

Main activities

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Collecting and comprehending the needs of the disaster site
Preparing to receive and take in people wishing to volunteer
Adjusting the number of volunteers according to needs, andarranging their activities
Preparing and loaning out needed tools
Feeding back and reporting on the results of activities and mattersthat were noted during activities
Discussion on points to be improved5
Has knowledge on first aid, such as having completed a lifesaving course.
Has at least one-year experience as a volunteer fire corps member or a junior fire corps
memberHas qualifications or skills needed to support restoration activities after an earthquake, etc.
(qualified fire defense equipment officer, hazardous materials engineer)
http:www.tfd.metro.tokyo.jp/hp-bousaika/sien/*Former TFD employees can register regardless of where they live

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Emergency Contact Numbers

Inquiries Related to Disaster
Preparedness

Telephone Numbers

Type

Office in charge

Telephone

Disaster
preparedness(general inquiries)

Tokyo Metropolitan Government,
Bureau of General Affairs,
Disaster Prevention Division,
Management Section

03-5388-2453

River-related floods

Tokyo Metropolitan Government,
Bureau of Construction, River Division,
Disaster Prevention Section

03-5320-5431

Police (to report a crime or accident)

110

Fire Department (to report a fire or request an ambulance)

119

Tokyo Metropolitan Government
Hours: 8:30 a.m. – 6:15 p.m. Weekdays

03-5321-1111

Community
earthquake risk

Tokyo Metropolitan Government,
Bureau of Urban Development,
Urban Development Projects Division,
Disaster Management Section

03-5320-5003

Tokyo Metropolitan Health & Medical Information Center“Himawari” (assistance in a foreign language)
Hours: 9:00 a.m. – 8:00 p.m.

03-5272-0303
03-5285-8181(Guidancein foreign languages)

Subsidies for seismic
evaluation of buildings,
seismic retrofitting andreinforcement

Tokyo Metropolitan Government,
Bureau of Urban Development,
Urban Buildings Division,
Building Planning Section

03-5388-3362

Subsidies forseismic evaluation of
condominium buildings,
seismic retrofitting andreinforcement

Tokyo Metropolitan Government,
Bureau of Urban Development,
Housing Policy Promotion Division,
Condominium Policy Section

03-5320-4944

Bureau of Waterworks Customer Service
Center for the 23 special wards

03-5326-1101

Bureau of Waterworks Customer Service
Center for the Tama area

0570-091-101

Tokyo Metropolitan Police Department,
Disaster Division

03-3581-4321

Multilanguage Resources
Water supply
Tokyo International Communication
Committee(Living Information website)

http://www.tokyo-icc.jp/

Tokyo Fire Department

http://www.tfd.metro.tokyo.jp/

NHK WORLD (Radio programs in English
and 16 other languages)

Policehttp://www3.nhk.or.jp/nhkworld/
english/radio/program/

Tokyo Fire Department

03-3212-2111

Inagi City Fire Department042-377-7119

Oshima Town Fire Department

04992-2-0119

Miyake Village Fire Department

04994-6-0119

Hachijo Town Fire Department

04996-2-0119

First aid,
volunteering, relief
and aid

Japanese Red Cross Society
Tokyo Branch Relief Section

03-5273-6744

Volunteering

Tokyo Volunteer and Citizens Activity
Center03-3235-1171

Fire department

5

Residents of Musashino City, Akishima City, Hamura City, Hinohara Village, and the islands
should contact the municipality where you live with questions in regard to water supply.
Please direct inquiries related to electric, gas, or telephone service to your service provider.
Please understand that assistance in a foreign language may not be available.

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Directory of Sources for Disaster
Management Information
Disaster Preparedness Websites
Tokyo Metropolitan Government
Disaster Prevention Website

http://www.bousai.metro.tokyo.jp/

NHK ONLINE(information on disasters nationwide)

http://www5.nhk.or.jp/saigai/index_fd.html

Tokyo Fire Department

http://www.tfd.metro.tokyo.jp/

NHK ONLINE(Weather and disaster nformation)

http://www3.nhk.or.jp/weather/

Office of the Prime Minister ofJapan and His Cabinet(disaster management information)

http://www.kantei.go.jp/jp/headline/bousai/

http://www3.nhk.or.jp/nhkworld/english/radio/
program/

Office of the Prime Minister ofJapan and His Cabinet(infectious diseases information)

http://www.kantei.go.jp/jp/headline/kansensho/

NHK WORLD(radio programs in English and 16
languages)

Cabinet Office(disaster management information)

http://www.bousai.go.jp/

Cabinet Secretariat Civil Protection
Portal Site (armed attacks andterrorism information)

http://www.kokuminhogo.go.jp/

Ministry of Land, Infrastructure,
Transport and Tourism (disaster anddisaster prevention information)

http://www.mlit.go.jp/saigai/

Ministry of Land, Infrastructure,
Transport and Tourism(river flooding information)

Disaster Preparedness Twitter Accounts
Tokyo Metropolitan Disaster
Prevention@tokyo_bousai (Twitter Alert available)

Tokyo Fire Department@Tokyo_Fire_D (Twitter Alert available)

Office of the Prime Minister of Japanand His Cabinet(disaster and crisis
management information)@Kantei_Saigai

http://www.river.go.jp/

Cabinet Office Disaster Prevention@CAO_BOUSAIFire and Disaster Management
Agency@MLIT_JAPANhttp://www.fdma.go.jp/

Ministry of Land, Infrastructure,
Transport and Tourism

Japan Meteorological Agency

http://www.jma.go.jp/

Fire and Disaster Management
Agency@FDMA_JAPANMinistry of Health, Labour andWelfare(infectious diseases information)

http://www.mhlw.go.jp/stf/seisakunitsuite/bunya/
kenkou_iryou/kenkou/kekkaku-kansenshou/

Japan Meteorological Agency@JMA_kishou@MPD_bousaiTokyo Metropolitan Police
Department (traffic restrictions
following a major earthquake)

Tokyo Metropolitan Police Department,
Security Bureau, Disaster Division

http://www.keishicho.metro.tokyo.jp/kotu/shinsai_
kisei/top.htm

NHK News@nhk_news

Japanese Red Cross Society@JRCS_PR

Tokyo Electric Power Company (TEPCO)@OfficialTEPCOJapanese Red Cross Society

http://www.jrc.or.jp/

Zenshakyo volunteer website(volunteer information)

http://www.saigaivc.com/

NHK Public Welfare Organization
Volunteer Network

http://npwo.or.jp/nhkvnet/

Tokyo Electric Power Company(TEPCO) information on power
outages, etc.

http://www.tepco.co.jp/life/custom/q_and_a/komatta/

Tokyo Gas (how to safely resetting
your gas meter)

http://home.tokyo-gas.co.jp/userguide/anzen/meter/reset/

The General Insurance Associationof Japan

http://www.sonpo.or.jp/

5Earthquake Early Warning Alerts for Your Mobile Phone
NTT DoCoMo

https://www.nttdocomo.co.jp/service/safety/areamail/au

http://www.au.kddi.com/mobile/anti-disaster/kinkyu-sokuho/

SoftBank

http://www.softbank.jp/mobile/service/urgent_news/about/eew/

Y!mobile

http://www.ymobile.jp/service/urgent_mail/Please note that information may only be provided in Japanese on some of these sites
and Twitter accounts.

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Safety Confirmation Services

Tokyo Fire Department Life Safety Learning Centers

NTT East

http://www.ntt-east.co.jp/saigai/web171/

NTT DoCoMo

http://www.nttdocomo.co.jp/info/disaster/au

http://www.au.kddi.com/mobile/anti-disaster/saigai-dengon/

SoftBank

http://www.softbank.jp/mobile/service/dengon/

Y!mobile

http://ymobile.jp/service/dengon/

J-anpi

http://anpi.jp/
Honjo
Life Safety
Learning
CenterTransportation Information
East Japan Railway Company(operations information)
Tokyo Metro(operations information)
Toei Subway(operations information)
Japan Road Traffic Information
CenterHaneda Airport(flight information)
Narita Airport (flight information)

IkebukuroLife Safety
Learning
Centerhttp://traininfo.jreast.co.jp/train_info/

Address: 2-37-8 Nishi-Ikebukuro, Toshima-ku, Tokyo
Telephone: 03-3590-6565
Access:5 minute walk from Ikebukuro Station served by JR and otherrailways. Use the South, West or Metropolitan Exit.
Hours:
9:00 a.m. – 5:00 p.m.
Closed:Tuesdays and every third Wednesday (If either day is a national
holiday, the center will be closed the following day.), end of
the year/new year’s holiday
Admission: Free
Address: 4-6-6 Yokokawa, Sumida-ku, Tokyo
Telephone: 03-3621-0119
Access:10 minute walk from JR Sobu Line Kinshicho Station North
Exit or Tokyo Metro Hanzomon Line Kinshicho Station Exit
No. 4, 10 minute walk from Keisei Oshiage Line Oshiage
Station (also served by other railways) Exit B1.
Hours:
9:00 a.m. – 5:00 p.m.
Closed:Wednesdays and every third Thursday (If either day is anational holiday, the center will be closed the following day.),end of the year/new year’s holiday
Admission: Free

http://www.tokyometro.jp/unkou/
http://www.kotsu.metro.tokyo.jp/subway/schedule/
http://www.jartic.or.jp/
http://jatns.tokyo-airport-bldg.co.jp/flight/
http://www.narita-airport.jp/jp/flight/

TachikawaLife Safety
Learning
CenterAddress: 1156-1 Izumi-cho, Tachikawa-shi, Tokyo
Telephone: 042-521-1119
Access:Bus from JR Tachikawa Station North Exit (board at stop no. 1).
Short walk from the Tachikawa Shobosho (Fire Department)
bus stop. 15 minute walk from Takamatsu Station TamaMonorail.
Hours:
9:00 a.m. – 5:00 p.m.
Closed:Thursdays and every third Friday (If either day is a national
holiday, the center will be closed the following day.), end of
the year/new year’s holiday
Admission: Free

Transportation Information Twitter Accounts
Tokyo Metropolitan
Government,
Bureau ofTransportation(Toei Subway, Toden
Arakawa Line, NipporiToneri Liner)@toeikotsu

East Japan Railway
Company@JREast_official

Odakyu LineOperations Status@odakyuline_info

Kyokyu Line
operation
information@keikyu_official

Seibu Railway
operation
information@seiburailway

Tokyu Line’s
service
information@tokyu_official

Rinkai Line official
announcement@twr_official@yurikamome_info

Keio Railway
Operations
Information@keiodentetsu

Yurikamome’s
official
announcement

Keisei Railway
Operations Information@keiseirailway

Tama Monorail
information

27 2150629_5-en.indd 272-273

Please note that information may only be provided in Japanese on some ofthese sites and Twitter accounts.

5@tamamono_info273

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Pictograms

Evacuation Center

JIS Z8210

Support Stations

People whose homes were destroyed or have collapsed
due to an earthquake or other disaster and have no place
to go are accepted here for a period of time. In addition,these facilities provide disaster-related information anddistribute goods to people affected by the disaster.

Facilities (convenience stores, fast food shops, casualrestaurants, gas stations, and other establishments)that will support people who have become stranded
following a disaster and are attempting to return homeon foot. Support stations will provide road information,
drinking water, toilet facilities, a place to rest, and otherassistance.

Evacuation Area
Open areas such as large parks that have the amount of
space needed to protect the lives of evacuees from the
spread of fire caused by a major earthquake and otherdangers.

Tsunami Evacuation Area

JIS Z8210

This sign indicates a safe location or elevated groundwhere people can evacuate to when a tsunami occurs.
Temporary Evacuation Area

JIS Z8210

Places where evacuees gather temporarily to grasp the situation prior to moving to theevacuation area. These are school yards, neighborhood parks, and other places withenough space to secure the safety of the people gathered there.

5

Tsunami Evacuation BuildingThis sign indicates a reinforced concrete building thathas at least three floors where people can evacuate toif there is no elevated ground nearby when a tsunami
occurs.

Temporary Shelter
A facility where people who are unable to return home following a disaster can temporarily
stay. There are 200 metropolitan-owned facilities designated to serve as temporary shelters.

27 4150629_5-en.indd 274-275

JIS Z8210

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Symbols for People Who Need
Special Care in an Emergency
Help MarkMark for the Hearing Impaired

A mark used by people with conditions that are notoutwardly apparent, such as a prosthetic limb or joint,internal medical condition, intractable disease, or the earlystages of pregnancy. The mark is displayed to inform thosearound them of their need for special consideration.

This mark indicates that the holder has a hearing impairment, andis used in situations such as when requesting consideration withregard to how to communicate. It is also used at institutions such as
local governments, hospitals, and banks to indicate that assistanceis provided to people with hearing impairments.

Help Card
A card created to help those with disabilities or otherconditions inform the people around them about theirdisability or condition when an emergency or disaster occurs.
Information such as emergency contact numbers and details
on the type of support they require is printed on the card.

International Symbol of AccessThis symbol is the universal symbol that indicates a building,form of public transportation, etc., is accessible to people
with disabilities. This symbol is not for wheelchair users
only, but for all people with disabilities.

International Symbol of Access for Individuals
Who Are Blind
Designated as the universal symbol by the World Blind
Federation in 1984, this symbol is displayed on buildings,
facilities, equipment, and other objects developed withspecial consideration for the safety and accessibility of thevisually impaired. The symbol is used on crosswalk signals,
voice guidance devices, international mail containing
materials in braille, books, printed materials, etc.

27 6150629_5-en.indd 276-277

Mark for Expectant Mothers
A mark displayed by expectant mothers to indicate thecondition, especially in the early stages of pregnancy when it
is not yet outwardly apparent.
Mark for Assistance Dogs
This mark is posted at the entrance to businesses that accept
certified assistance dogs (guide dogs, service dogs, andhearing dogs) in accordance with the Act on Assistance Dogs
for Physically Disabled Persons. Under the act, facilities
used by a large number of people such as departments storesand restaurants are required to accept assistance dogs.
5

Ostomate MarkThis symbol, representing an ostomate (someone who has an
ostomy or an artificial bladder), is displayed to indicate that afacility has toilet facilities for ostomates, etc.

Heart Plus MarkThis mark is used to represent people with internal
conditions that are not readily apparent to others suchas those associated with the heart, respiratory functions,kidneys, bladder, rectum, small intestine, liver, and immune
system.
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Combined Risk in Light ofEmergency Response Difficulty**The map below was recreated based on data from the Tokyo Metropolitan Government Bureau of Urban
Development using Color Urban Design.

The Seventh Community Earthquake
Risk Assessment Study55 (1 - 84)
4 (85 - 36)
3 (369 - 1,181)
2 (1182 - 2815)
1 (2816 - 5133)(Tokyo Metropolitan Government Bureau of Urban Development, 2013)

Combined risk ratings were determined by aggregating a community’s building
collapse risk ranking and fire risk ranking, and then ranking this sum. Communities
with high combined risk need to develop measures tailored to the characteristics ofeach area. The “combined risk in light of emergency response difficulty” rating takes
into account the difficulty of emergency response such as evacuation and fire/rescue

27 8150629_5-en.indd 278-279

activities in addition to overall combined risk. This data assesses the status of thedevelopment of roads that will serve important roles when a disaster strikes such ascommunity roads and city-planned roads. The combined risk in light of emergency
response difficulty is made available by the Tokyo Metropolitan Government on thefollowing website:
http:www.toshiseibi.metro.tokyo.jp/bosai/chousa_6/home.htm
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Traffic Restrictions Followinga Major Earthquake** The map below was recreated based on data from the Tokyo Metropolitan Police Department using Color
Universal Design.
Regular roads to be designated as Routes for Authorized Emergency Vehicles
Expressways to be designated as Routes for Authorized Emergency Vehicles
Key road routes to be designated, if necessary, as Emergency Access Roads

5

Directly following a major earthquake, traffic restrictions (stage 1 restrictions) will be implemented inorder to prevent danger on roads, as well as to ensure the smooth passage of emergency vehicles engagedin activities such as rescue and firefighting, based on the Road Traffic Act (Act No. 105 of 1960).
Disaster response routes for emergency vehicles are then secured (stage 2 restrictions) to ensure thatemergency response can be carried out accurately and smoothly based on the Disaster Countermeasures
Basic Act (Act No. 223 of 1961).

280

150629_5-en.indd 280-281

Furthermore, even when an earthquake strikes that does not qualify as a massive earthquake (anearthquake measuring a 6 lower and higher on the Japanese seismic intensity scale), traffic restrictions
may be put into place based on the Road Traffic Act when an earthquake measuring a 5 upper occurs.
Tokyo Metropolitan Police Department
http://www.keishicho.metro.tokyo.jp/foreign/earthquake/english_270309.pdf

281

2015-08-31 오후 3:46:13

A Day in Tokyo

Births301(2013)

Deaths303(2013)

Average life span

Men: 79.82(2010)

Women: 86.39(2010)

Successful employment

411(FY2013)

Move out

975(2014)

Move in

1,176(2014)

with 2 or more members

2,639 yen

Gross regional product251.8 billion yen

Divorces24168(2013)

282

150629_5-en.indd 282-283(2013)

Number of traffic accident fatalities

0.5(2013)

Number of ambulance transports

2,052(2013)

Number of fire outbreaks

14.2(2013)

Number of fire trucks dispatched

96(2013)

Number of emergency calls to the police

3,913(2013)

Number of recorded crimes

445(2013)

Number of crimes cleared123(2013)

resources) per resident

950 g(FY2012)JR line passengers

9,089 million(FY2013)Lighting consumption per resident

6.1 kW(FY2013)(FY2012)

313,000

5(2013)(2013)

Number of books lent out by
public libraries

115

Trash disposal (includes recyclable

Food expenditure per household

Marriages

Number of traffic accidents(FY2013)

Figures are simple averages derived by dividing the figure for that year or fiscal yearby the number of days in that year.
Lighting consumption is the amount of power consumed by households and storesfor lighting and home appliances
Number of newly employed people indicates the number of people confirmed tohave found a job through Hello Work.
Figures per resident are simple averages derived by dividing the total figure by thatyear’s population(“Life and Statistics 2015,” Bureau of General Affairs, Tokyo Metropolitan Government)283

2015-08-31 오후 3:46:14

Tokyo s Ranking in Japan
Item
Land/Climate

Tokyo
Japan
Area
2,189㎢
377,962 km2
Home
45.8%
61.7%
ownership rate
Total area per
Housingdwelling in an
exclusively
63.54 m2
92.97 m2
residential
dwelling
Total
population
13.3 million 127.298 million(estimate)
Foreign
407 thousand 2,066 thousand
residents
People moving
432 thousand 2,405 thousandin
People moving
Population and
356 thousand 2,405 thousandouthouseholdTotal fertility
1.13
1.43
rate
Private6.38 million
51.84 million
households
Averagenumber
2.03 people
2.42 peopleof privatehouseholds
Ratio of job
openings to job
1.57
1.09
seekers

Labor

HouseholdbudgetAveragemonthlysalary before
deductions perperson463,833 yen

357,972 yen

Averagemonthly
150.1 hours
149.3 hours
working hours
per person
Unemployment
3.8%
3.6%
rate
Monthly earned
549.8 thousand 486.6 thousand
income peryenyenhousehold284

150629_5-en.indd 284-285

Rank
45th

As of
Oct. 1, 2013

47th

Oct. 1, 2013

47th

Oct. 1, 2013

1st

Oct. 1, 2013

1st

Dec. 31, 2013

1st

2014

1st

2014

47th

2014

1st

Oct. 1, 201047th

Oct. 1, 2010

---

---

---

Item

Rank

As of

Householdexpenditure

Tokyo
Japan
Monthly living
expenditure per 363.7 thousand 318.7 thousandhousehold
Number of
646
8,540
hospitals
Health care andenvironment
Total area of
79,889 ha
5,431,321 hanatural parks
Regionaldifference index
Prices105.9
100of consumer
pricesNominalRegional
472.6 trillion
gross regional 91.9 trillion yen
economyyen
product
Number ofprivate business 627 thousand 5,454 thousand
establishments
NumberBusinessesof people
employed
8.655 million 55.837 million
by private
businesses
Agriculture,
Agriculturalforestry and27.1 billion yen 8.6 trillion yen
outputfisheries---

2013 average

1stOct. 1, 2013

27th

March 31, 2014---2013 average---

FY 2012

1stFeb. 1, 2012

1stFeb. 1, 2012

47st

2012

Industry

Manufactured
product
shipments

7.9 trillion yen

292.1 trillion
yen

13st

2013

Commercial
and service
industries

Yearlycommodity sale

182.2 trillion
yen

548.2 trillion
yen

1st

2007

----

FY 2014

4st

2013

1st

2013

1st

2013

20th

2013

2014 average

2013 average

2014 average---

2013 average---

2013 average

Finances

Police andfirefighting

General account
6.7 trillion yen 95.9 trillion yen
budgetNumber of
42 thousand
629 thousand
traffic accidents
Number of
163 thousand 1,314 thousand
recorded crimes
Number of fire
5,213
48,095outbreaks
Number of fire
outbreaks per
3.97
3.75
10,000 residents

5(“Life and Statistics 2015,” Bureau of General Affairs, Tokyo Metropolitan Government)285

2015-08-31 오후 3:46:15

Let's get prepared !
外国人向け今やろうPrepare an emergency bag.

DO
NOW
LET'S GET PREPARED MARKThis manual contains valuable
information on various types ofdisasters and how to protect
yourself and your family
when one strikes. The 10
most important steps to take
immediately are outlined below.
Make sure to refer to this list as
you get prepared!

Prepare an emergency bag that contains the minimum essentials needed
for the time being after you evacuate.

Have important items ready to carry with you.
Keep passports, certificates, records, and other important documents in aplastic case with a fastener.

Hold a family meeting.
Divide responsibilities between family members inadvance, such as who will be in charge of preventing afire and who will secure an exit path.

Check the layout of furniture in your home.
Ensure that furniture is arranged so that it will not topple over or slide
across the floor, resulting in injury or blocking your escape path.

Confirm the nearest evacuation areaand evacuation center.

Stabilize furnishings in your home.

Review the locations of the evacuation areas andevacuation centers nearest to your home.

Stabilize the furniture and household appliances in all rooms of your home
to prevent them from falling over or sliding across the floor.

5

Register to receive alerts and useful
information.

Check the seismic resistance of your home.

Register to receive Twitter Alerts and other useful
information on disaster preparedness.

Use the do-it-yourself seismic resistance checklist in this manual(p. 107) to check the seismic resistance of your home.

Make stockpiling items a part of yourdaily life

Participate in disaster prevention drills.

Ensure that you have ample stockpiles of water,
food, and emergency supplies by buying a little morethan you need and continuously replenishing items
throughout the course of daily life.

286

150629_5-en.indd 286-287

Enhance your awareness and disaster preparedness skills by participatingin local disaster drills.

287

2015-08-31 오후 3:46:16

Helpful Phrases
非常時に使える英会話

WHEN A DISASTER STRIKES
災害発生時の行動

Q

Q
Where is the evacuation center?
避難所はどこですか？
(Hinanjo wa doko desuka?)

I ll show you the way. Let s go together.
案内します。一緒に行きましょう。
(Annai shimasu. Issho ni ikimasho.)

The ABC Park/ABC Elementary School/ABC area justover there is serving as an evacuation center.
そこの近くにあるOO公園（OO小学校・OO地区）が避難場所になっています。
(Soko no chikaku ni aru XXX koen/XXX shogakko/
XXX chiku ga hinanjyo ni natteimasu.)

Q

AQ

I am looking for my family.
家族を探しています。
(Kazoku wo sagashiteimasu.)
Please go to the evacuation center in the area
where your family lived and ask the staff for
information.
家族が住んでいたところの近くの避難所で、係の人に 聞いてくだ
さい。
（近くの避難所を案内）(Kazoku ga sundeita tokoro no chikaku no hinanjo
de kakari no hito ni kiitekudasai.)288

150629_5-en.indd 288-289

Where is the evacuation center?
避難場所はどこですか？
(Hinanjo wa doko desuka?)A

Where should we go? Where is a safe place to go?
どこに逃げればいいですか？ 安全な場所を教えて下さい。
(Doko ni nigereba iidesuka? Anzen na basho wooshiete kudasai.)

Do you have a map? You should evacuate here.
地図を持っていますか？あなたはそこに避難すべきです。
（地
図を見て案内）(Chizu wo motteimasuka? Anata wa soko ni
hinan subeki desu.)

Q

A

A

5

What is the name of this place?
ここは、どこですか。
(Koko wa doko desu ka?)
You are in XXX. You are near XXX. This is the
XXX elementary school.
ここは、OO（OOの近く）です。
(Koko wa XXX desu. Koko wa XXX no chikaku
desu.)

A
289

2015-08-31 오후 3:46:19

Q

LIFE IN AN EVACUATION CENTER
避難生活

Q

Q

Route XX going from XX to XX is closed
between XX and XX.
ＸＸからＸＸに向かうＸＸＸ号線は、ＸＸ〜ＸＸの間は通れません。
(XX kara XX ni mukau XXX go-sen wa, XX˜XX
no aida tooremasen.)I need information in English.
英語の情報がほしいです。
(Eigo no joho ga hoshii desu.)
Please try the NHK World website.
You will be able to get news in English andother languages.
NHK WORLDのサイトを見て下さい。英語と他の外国語でニュースを提供しています。
(NHK WORLD no site wo mite kudasai. Eigo
to hoka no gaikokugo de nyuusu wo teikyoshiteimasu.)

Q
A

Q

Information on transportation services(trains, buses, ships/ferries, flights) will be
updated on TV and the radio.
電車（バス・船・飛行機）の情報は、テレビとラジオで お知らせしています。
(Densha, basu, fune, hikoki) no joho wa,
terebi to rajio de oshiraseshiteimasu.)

A

150629_5-en.indd 290-291

A

Where can I get (food/water/a blanket)?
（食べ物・水・毛布）はどこで手に入りますか？
(Tabemono/mizu/mofu) wa doko de te ni
hairimasuka?
I asked the person in charge. Please wait.
係の人にお願いしたので待っていてください。
(Kakari no hito ni onegasishita node matteitekudasai.)

When will transportation be back in service?
（電車・バス・空港）はいつ復旧しますか。
(Densha, basu, kuuko) wa itsu fukkyuu
shimasuka?

290

When will roads be open again? Which roads
are passable?
道路はいつから通れますか？ どこの道路が通れますか？
(Doro wa itsu tooremasuka? Doko no doro ga
tooremasuka?)A

5

Where can I make an international call?
国際電話はどこでかけられますか？
(Kokusaidenwa wa dokode kakeraremasuka?)
I will check. Please wait a moment.
調べるので待っていてください。
(Shiraberu node matteite kudasai.)A
291

2015-08-31 오후 3:46:20

Start Preparing withYour Family Now

DO
NOW

Confirm your evacuation center

Decide how to contact each other

Name of center
Map showing the route from home and where to meet up

Contact method

Decide the place (the evacuation center, etc.) where your family will meet if themembers are separated due to work, school, shopping, or other reasons when a disasteroccurs. Use the Disaster Prevention Map and other information to select a safe place.
It would be reassuring if you make the meeting place specific, such as near the jungle
gym at a school playground or the bench at a park.
Details ➡ P. 115

Decide in advance how your family will confirm each other’s safety, such as thedisaster emergency message dial, message board, and SNS. Share your contact
information with relatives and friends far away. This could be helpful because evenwhen telephone lines are congested within the area affected by a disaster, calls to andfrom other areas are sometimes easier to get throughDetails ➡ P. 128

Confirm your evacuation route

Decide each family member s role

Evacuation route from home (1)Prepare emergency supplies
of food and other items
Check the emergency bag
Check electricity, gas,
and water

Evacuation route from home (2)Check measures for preventing
furniture from falling over
Other

Walk through the evacuation route in advance. You should do it twice, at daytime andnight, and check whether there are hazardous spots, as well as where you would be
able to rest and use a toilet. It is important to check multiple routes to prepare for acase in which one of them will not be safe due to a fire or other reasons.

Assign roles to each of your family members, such as who will be turning off theflame, who is in charge of the emergency bag, and who takes measures to prevent
furniture from falling over. If everyone fulfills their roles, your family can act calmly
Details ➡ P. 084-112
without going into a panic.

Details ➡ P. 040

292

150629_5-en.indd 292-293

293

2015-08-31 오후 3:46:21

Personal Information

DO
NOW

Name

DO
NOW

Name

Date of birth/Gender
Blood type

Family Information

A

B

O

AB

(age

)

Rh

+, ―

Date of birth / Gender
Blood type

A

B

O

AB

(age

)

Rh

+, ―

Allergy / Health problems
Allergy / Health problems
Medication
Medication
Address〒

Mobile number

Phone number--

Mobile number--

School/Workplace〒

School/Workplace

-

-

〒

Name
Date of birth / Gender
Blood type

A

B

O

AB

(age

)

Rh

+, ―

Allergy / Health problems
Emergency contact〒

Medication
Mobile number
School/Workplace294

150629_5-en.indd 294-295

-

-

〒

295

2015-08-31 오후 3:46:22

Name

Name

Date of birth / Gender
Blood type

A

B

O

AB

(age

)

Rh

+, ―

Date of birth / Gender
Blood type

Allergy / Health problems

Allergy / Health problems

Medication

Medication-

Mobile number
School/Workplace-〒

School/Workplace

A

B

O

AB

(age

)

Rh

+, ―

Blood type
Allergy / Health problems

Medication

Medication

Mobile number

150629_5-en.indd 296-297

AB

Rh

+, ―

-

-

〒

Date of birth / Gender

Allergy / Health problems

296

O

)

Name

Date of birth / Gender

School/Workplace

B

Mobile number

Name

Blood type

A

(age

〒

-

A

Mobile number
School/Workplace

B

O

AB

-

(age

)

Rh

+, ―

-

〒

297

2015-08-31 오후 3:46:24

Memo

Name
Date of birth / Gender
Blood type

A

B

O

AB

(age

)

Rh

+, ―

Allergy / Health problems

Medication-

Mobile number
School/Workplace

-

〒

Name
Date of birth / Gender
Blood type

A

B

O

AB

(age

)

Rh

+, ―

Allergy / Health problems

Medication
Mobile number
School/Workplace

298

150629_5-en.indd 298-299

-

-

〒

299

2015-08-31 오후 3:46:24

300

150629_5-en.indd 300-301

301

2015-08-31 오후 3:46:25

302

150629_5-en.indd 302-303

303

2015-08-31 오후 3:46:25

304

150629_5-en.indd 304-305

305

2015-08-31 오후 3:46:26

Index of Glossary Terms

A
Act concerning the Measures forProtection of the People in Armed
Attack Situations, etc.

A law enacted in 2004 with the aim ofprotecting the lives and properties of thecitizens.
P. 164
Active fault

A fault that has repeatedly caused earthquakes
since the prehistoric age, and is predicted tobe active in the future.
P. 238Advisory

An advisory is issued by the Japan
Meteorological Agency when there is the riskthat heavy rain, strong wind, etc. will cause adisaster.
PP. 145, 246
AED (automated external defibrillator)
A device that gives an electric shock to aperson in cardiopulmonary arrest to restore
the heart's ability to pump blood. Installedat public places such as railway stations andschools.
PP. 53, 177
Aerosol spray type fire extinguisher

A fire extinguisher that sprays a fireextinguishing agent by gas pressure. Can
be used handily at home. Useful for first
response firefighting.
P. 110Alluvium

A weak stratum that is relatively new, formed
about 10,000 to 20,000 years ago or earlier.
It is difficult to construct heavy buildings on
alluvium.
P. 116306

150629_5-en.indd 306-307

Area with steep slopes at risk oflandslides

An area with a 30-degree or steeper slope
where a landslide could cause damage tohousing.
P. 116
Arterial bleeding

A type of bleeding in which bright red blood
spurts out in rhythm with the pumping of theheart.
PP. 178, 263

B
Baiu stationary front
A stationary front that moves from south to northover the Japanese archipelago during the seasonaltransition from spring to mid-summer.
P. 146
Biological agent
Bacteria, viruses, or poisonous substances producedby them, etc. used as weapons.
PP. 165, 167
Building collapse risk
The degree of risk that a building will collapse orlean because of an earthquake.
PP. 118, 278

CCanal
An artificial channel to deliver water for agricultural
and/or urban use.
P. 151
Capillary bleeding
Blood oozing out from capillary veins.
PP. 178, 263
Chemical agent
Sarin or other toxic chemicals that can be used as
weapons in terrorist attacks, etc.

P. 167

P. 254

Chest compression
Also called external cardiac massage, chest
compressions are given with both hands near theheart to a person in cardiopulmonary arrest, in orderto restore blood circulation.
P. 177

Direct pressure method
A method to stop bleeding where pressure isapplied directly to the point of bleeding using yourhand or fingers to stop the flow of blood.
PP. 179, 263

Commissioned welfare volunteer
A part-time local government employee
commissioned by the ministerofhealth,labourandw
elfare , who is tasked with providing consultation
to local residents while placing himself/herself intheir position, extending necessary assistance, andtrying to enhance social welfare.
P. 124
Communications drill
A drill to practice communicating information
about fires, rescue/relief, and earthquake damage
properly to firefighting authorities, via telephone orin person.
P. 133
Cross-bracing
Steel bars installed in an X-shape to reinforce steelframe buildings.
P. 113Cumulonimbus
A massive cloud that develops vertically due topowerful upward air currents and can produce rain
and lightning. With a height of more than 10 km,
these clouds sometimes reach the stratosphere.
PP. 150, 245

D
Daily stockpile
Purchasing and storing extra supplies of food andother items that you use on a daily basis.
PP. 85, 92
Damage certificate
A certificate issued by municipalities on the degreeof damage to dwellings, etc., caused by disasters
such as earthquakes, floods, and wind.

Disaster disability compensationmoney
In accordance with the law, compensation money
will be paid to those who have become severely
disabled due to the disaster (blindness in both eyes,
constant need of nursing care, severance of botharms above the elbow joint, etc.).
P. 255
Disaster Emergency Message Dial
A service provided by Nippon Telegraph andTelephone Corp. (NTT). A disaster survivor can dial
171 and record a message, and those who wish tocontact the person can listen to the message.
PP. 128, 226
Disaster map exercise
A type of disaster drill referred to as DIG(“Disaster” “Imagination” “Game”).
P. 140Disaster Message Board
A service provided by mobile phone carriers toenable people to confirm each other's safety via
text messages. To use the service, visit the portal siteof your mobile phone carrier.
PP. 128, 227
Disaster preparedness education
Teaching people knowledge needed toprotect themselves in natural disasters, such as
preparations and actions to take in a disaster.
PP. 135, 140
Disaster prevention map
In addition to showing areas expected to sustain
damage when a disaster occurs, evacuation areas
and routes, this map also includes disasterprevention agencies and other helpful information.
P. 161307

2015-08-31 오후 3:46:26

Disaster reconstruction loan
A loan to support small and medium-sizedcompanies that were affected by the disaster inrebuilding their business.

Drain cock
A valve for controlling the amount of water supply
or drainage.
P. 191
P. 261

Disaster relief fund
When a disaster occurs and the Disaster Relief Act
is applied, these funds are used by the municipalities
to offer low-interest loans to households that havebeen affected by the disaster, in order to help
rebuild their lives.
P. 256
Disaster response goods andequipment
Equipment and tools used to prevent the spread ofdisaster.
P. 137
Disaster response routes for
emergency vehicles
Major roads designated to serve as the main
arteries for evacuation, rescue and firefighting
activities, and the transport of emergency supplies
when a disaster strikes. These roads will be closed
to non-emergency vehicles.
PP. 33, 280
Disaster sympathy money
In accordance with the law, sympathy money will
be paid to the families of those who lost their lives
in the disaster.
P. 254
Disaster volunteers
Volunteers who support recovery and rebuilding
following a disaster, such as an earthquake, tsunami,
or a wind and flood disaster caused by a typhoon.
P. 266
Disorder of consciousness
A condition where a person becomes unable
to properly respond to the people around him/
her following trauma to the head, etc. Disorders
range from the minor to the severe, including
disorientation/confusion, drowsiness/somnolence,
numbness, and coma.
P. 186308

150629_5-en.indd 308-309

Drill to prevent fire outbreaks
Training to prevent fire outbreaks when a disasterstrikes.
P. 133Dust
Fine powder consisting of dry particles that floats
in the air.
P. 166
Dust goggles
Protective goggles that protect your eyes fromsmoke generated by a fire, volcanic ash, etc.
PP. 161, 163
Dust mask
Protective mask that prevents you from inhaling
smoke generated by a fire, volcanic ash, etc.
PP. 161, 163

E
Earthquake directly hitting Tokyo
An earthquake directly hitting the National Capital
Region that is predicted to occur within the next 30
years with a 70 percent probability.
PP. 15, 52, 68
Earthquake resistanceThe degree to which a building or other structure
can withstand an earthquake.
PP. 107, 118
Earthquake resistance standards
Standards ensuring that a building fulfills theminimum requirements for earthquake-resistantdesign.
PP. 24, 108
Earthquake-resistant shelter
A structure that can protect the bedroom orsleeping area even if the house collapses due to an
earthquake.

P. 113
Earthquake-resistant wall
A wall of a building that can resist horizontal forces
created by an earthquake, wind, etc.
P. 50
Electrical current leak
Electricity leaking out due to causes such as
damaged wires and damaged insulation due to age.
PP. 110, 111
Emergency bag
A bag that contains the essential goods to take withyou when you have to evacuate.
P. 90, 92
Emergency light
A light that automatically turns on in the event of a
blackout.
P. 23
Emergency stockpile
Stocking supplies in preparation for emergencies.
PP. 55, 85, 93
Emergency Stockpile Day
The Tokyo Metropolitan Government has
designated November 19 as Emergency Stockpile
Day.
P. 55
Emergency temporary housing
Emergency housing built under the Disaster Relief
Act. Provided to people who have no place to live
because their homes have collapsed, burned down,or become uninhabitable for other reasons.
PP. 69, 259
Emergency vehicle (emergency car)A vehicle used to respond to an emergency, such as
for disaster relief.
PP. 39, 280
Emergency warning
An emergency warning is issued by the Japan
Meteorological Agency when there is a very highrisk of a severe disaster.
PP. 145, 247, 248

Ethanol
A type of alcohol. Volatile. Used for sterilizing anddisinfecting, and also as fuel.
P. 65
Evacuation area
When an earthquake occurs causing a large-scale
fire to spread, this is a place to evacuate to in orderto protect yourself from the flames. Places such aslarge parks, areas rich with greenery, and fireproof
building districts are designated as evacuation
areas.
PP. 40, 120, 274
Evacuation centerA place that temporarily accommodates andprovides shelter to those affected by a disaster,whose homes have collapsed, burned down, etc.
Public facilities such as schools and community
centers are designated as evacuation centers.
PP. 40, 56, 274
Evacuation drill
Training to learn your evacuation route and tosafely evacuate without panicking.
P. 134
Evacuation hatch
A hatch equipped with hanging ladders forevacuation.
P. 48
Evacuation route
A route which one takes when evacuating.
PP. 21, 23, 95, 114, 119, 153, 161
Eyewall
A tall ring of dense cumulonimbus clouds
surrounding the eye of a typhoon. This is where thestrongest wind and rain of the storm occurs.
P. 245F
Facebook
A social networking service that allows users toconnect and interact with their real-world friends
using their real names.
P. 43

309

2015-08-31 오후 3:46:27

Fall stationary front
A stationary front that moves from north to south
over the Japanese archipelago during the seasonaltransition from summer to fall.
P. 146
Fire risk
The degree of the risk of wide-area damage
from the spread of fires breaking out due to an
earthquake.
PP. 118, 278
Fire-safe area
An area where fireproofing has progressed andwhere there is no fear of large-scale spread of fires.
P. 120First response firefighting drill
A drill to learn how to use a home-use fire
extinguisher, standpipe, portable fire pump and otherfirefighting devices and equipment.
P. 132First response firefighting
An emergency measure taken to extinguish a firein its early stages when the flames have not yet
reached the ceiling.
PP. 18, 46, 78, 188
Flood risk area map
A map showing areas that are likely to flood when
there is a torrential downpour that greatly exceeds
the flood control capacity of rivers and seweragesystems.
P. 148
Food poisoning
A condition caused by eating food contaminatedby bacteria or a virus, or food that contains apoisonous or harmful substance.
P. 64

GGround fault circuit interrupterA device that quickly shuts down the power after acurrent leak to prevent a disaster.
P. 11031 0150629_5-en.indd 310-311

GutterDitches built along roads or railway tracks to drainwater.
PP. 147, 148, 151

H

JHousehold stockpile
Stocking food and daily items according to thefamily structure.
P. 88
Housing with a semi-basement
A house with space that is partially below the levelof surrounding roads.
PP. 147, 151

Hands-on training for disaster
response
An event where participants can learn about
disasters while enjoying hands-on training.

I
P. 135

Hazard lights
Lights used to the draw the attention of the drivers
around you, especially of the car behind you.
P. 32
Hazard map
A map that contains information such as areas
predicted to suffer damages, evacuation areas,and evacuation routes, for use in mitigating
damages from a natural disaster and for disaster
preparedness.
P. 119Heat stroke
A condition that occurs when you have engagedin activities such as work and exercise underthe blazing sun. Symptoms such as dehydration,
seizures, and weakness appear, sometimes evenleading to death.
PP. 65, 185, 194
Hello WorkA public employment security office. An
administrative body that the Ministry of Health,Labour and Welfare established with the aim
to secure stable employment opportunities for
citizens.
PP. 70, 260
Hemorrhagic shock
A condition in which blood flow decreases due
to internal or external bleeding, so that sufficient
blood cannot be delivered to tissues and organs
around the body.
P. 185

Income tax casualty loss deduction
An income tax deduction you can receive whenyour home or household possessions have beendamaged due to a natural disaster, fire, etc.
P. 257Jack
A device used to lift something, typically a car thatneeds a tire change.
P. 53
J-anpiA free service that can be used from a computer,smartphone, mobile phone, etc., to check the safetyof an individual by entering his/her phone number
or name. In addition to safety information on thedisaster message boards of mobile phone carriers,
you can also access safety information collected bycompanies and organizations.

L

PP. 129, 272

Indirect pressure method
A method used to temporarily stop the flow ofblood by pressing down on the artery between the
injury and the heart, compressing it against the bone.
PP. 179, 263

Large-scale fire
A fire that can break out over a large area when an
earthquake occurs. Such a fire is expected to resultin many injuries and deaths.
P. 45

Indoor fire hose
A fire hose installed indoors. Has highly effective
water discharge capability and range.
P. 189Lifeguard
A person with a license issued by the Japan
Lifesaving Association, whose job is to prevent
water accidents at places such as beaches where
swimming is permitted.
P. 49

Infiltration inlet
A place where rainwater that has fallen on the
grounds collects.
148
Inundation
Being flooded. A disaster in which a residential
area or farmland is inundated due to rainfall thatexceeds the drainage capacity of gutters or thesewerage system. This is called a flood disaster.
PP. 147, 148
Islands
A region with islands of various sizes. In Tokyo,
there are the Izu Islands and Ogasawara Islands.
PP. 37, 117, 160

Lifeline
Infrastructure indispensable to daily life, such as
electricity, water, gas and telephone services.
PP. 55, 84
Literacy
Knowledge about a certain field, and the ability touse such knowledge.
P. 172Long-period ground motion
Earthquake-induced slow shaking with a period ofa few seconds or more, which travels far from theearthquake focus.
PP. 97, 240

311

2015-08-31 오후 3:46:28

M
Magnitude
A unit for measuring energy from an earthquake.
P. 239Micon-meter (intelligent gas meter)
A meter that shuts down the gas and displays awarning when a problem occurs with gas flowor pressure, or when an earthquake measuring a 5
upper on the Japanese seismic scale occurs.
P. 111
Mutual help
The concept of people in the same neighborhood
helping each other in the event of a disaster toprotect lives and the community.
P. 52

NNeighborhood disaster responsegroup
A group actively engaged in disaster preparedness
activities designated by the Tokyo Metropolitan
Government.
P. 138No-rinse/non-residue soap
A special type of cleanser that enables you to keep
clean with little to no water.
204

O
Oral rehydration solution
A mixture of salt and glucose dissolved in water,which is mainly used to treat dehydration.
P. 197
Outer band
Outer rainbands that form about 200 to 600 km
from the center of the typhoon, and intermittently
produce strong rain showers, thunderstorms, and attimes, tornadoes.
P. 24531 2150629_5-en.indd 312-313

Overnight disaster drill at school
A drill conducted at school, which simulates
evacuation life after a disaster, through activities
such as preparing for sleep and preparing stockpiledfood.
P. 131P
Pandemic
A nationwide or worldwide outbreak of an
infectious disease.
P. 170Winds that flow from west to east at high altitudes,in the middle latitudes of the northern hemisphere.
P. 244
Propane gas
Liquefied petroleum gas that is supplied from atank installed at homes. City gas, on the other hand,is supplied through gas lines that run under roads.
P. 111
Public health center
A public agency that supports the health of local
residents and sanitation.
PP. 171, 265

R

Passive smoking
Inhaling secondhand smoke from cigarettes.
P. 63
People who need special care
The elderly, the disabled, infants, foreign nationals,
and other people in need of special care.
PP. 58, 66
People who need special support inevacuating
If a disaster occurs or there is the threat of adisaster occurring, these people are in particularneed of support to ensure they can evacuate safely
and promptly, as it would be difficult for them toevacuate on their own.
P. 145
Physical protection drill
A drill to practice protecting yourself when an
earthquake occurs. Activities include experiencing
shaking on an earthquake simulator and training toprotect yourself from falling objects.
P. 133
Portable fire pump
A fire pump equipped with an engine that canbe lifted by hand. Placed at facilities used by fire
authorities, volunteer fire corps, volunteer disaster
response teams, etc.
PP. 132, 191
Prevailing westerlies

Radar and Nowcasts weather map
for tornadoes
A service of the Japan Meteorological Agency
which analyzes 10 km zones, and forecasts theprobability of a tornado developing, up to one hourahead (10 to 60 min ahead).
P. 157
Radio (emergency radio)
A radio (emergency radio) that not only receives
general broadcasts, but can automatically receive
the local government’s disaster radio broadcasts.
P. 42
Rebuilding life
After the foundation of their lives have been
destroyed by a disaster, residents rebuild their daily
lives.
P. 70
Rescue and relief drill
A drill that teaches how to use everyday tools to
rescue people who were unable to escape in time,
due to building collapse, etc.
P. 134
Resonance
A phenomenon where the natural frequency of abuilding and the frequency of earthquake waves
coincide, causing the shaking to intensify greatly.
P. 240S
Safety confirmation services
Services for confirming the safety of your family
and friends in the event of a disaster, such as theDisaster Emergency Message Dial provided by
Nippon Telegraph and Telephone Corp. (NTT) andthe Disaster Message Boards provided by mobile
phone carriers.
P. 272
Sandbag
A cloth bag filled with sand that is used as amaterial for civil engineering applications, which
can also be used to prevent flood damage.
PP. 147, 148
Secondary disasterA disaster caused by the initial disaster, such as afire following an earthquake.
PP. 45, 95
Secondary evacuation center (welfare
evacuation center)An evacuation center that accepts people who
would have difficulty living in a regular evacuation
center, and need special care.
P. 56
Sediment disaster hazard area map
A map showing areas where there is a risk of asediment disaster.
153
Seismic damper
Equipment that absorbs earthquake energy andmitigates damage to the building.
P. 113Self-help
Protecting yourself and your family by yourself,
without help from others.
P. 17
Separation panel313

2015-08-31 오후 3:46:28

A panel that separates an apartment unit’s veranda
or balcony from that of the adjacent unit. It canbe broken through during an emergency to allow
escape to the unit next door.
P. 48

A firefighting instrument that can be used by local
residents. The standpipe is inserted into a fire
hydrant or drain valve on the road, and a hose isattached to conduct firefighting activities.
PP. 132, 190

Smart key
A system for locking and unlocking a door, or
starting an engine, without a mechanical key.

Staying at home
Staying at home, as opposed to going to an
evacuation center,whenthebuildingwhereyoulivewas
notdamagedbythedisasterandthereisnodangeroftsuna
miorfire.
PP. 41, 54

P. 32
Smartphone app
Web applications that can be used on smartphones.
There are many disaster preparedness apps,
including Internet radio apps, disaster alerts andearthquake information apps.
P. 129SNS (social networking service)
A service for providing social networking
through exchanges via the Internet, such as Twitter,
Facebook, and LINE.
PP. 43, 47
Spindle driver
A tool used to open and close the water outlet of afire hydrant.
P. 190Spiral bandA strong rainband surrounding the eye of atyphoon. Shaped like a spiral around the eye.
P. 245
SplintAn object used to temporarily immobilize afracture, joint, etc.

Storm surge
Abnormally high levels of ocean water due to gales
and low pressures coinciding with high tides cause
the water to surge toward the land.
P. 146
Stranded commuters and others
People who become stranded due to an earthquake
or disaster that occurs when they are at a place
other than their home.
P. 127
Submerged
Farmland, crops, roads, cars, etc., in areas where
there usually is no water, becoming covered withwater due to heavy rain or river flooding.
PP. 146, 147, 149, 151
Support fund for disaster victims torebuild their lives
Support fund provided to households that sufferedsignificant damage to their livelihoods through thedisaster, such as total destruction of their residences.
P. 255

P. 180Stabilizing adjuster
An implement used to stabilize copiers,
multifunction printers and other machines to prevent
them from moving.
P. 105

Symbolic disaster remains
A structure that passes down the memories andlessons of a disaster to future generations, suchas destroyed buildings. Some are restored andpreserved, while others are dismantled.
P. 72

T

Standpipe

To provide meals and other food free of charge
when a disaster occurs, etc.
P. 64
Temporary evacuation area
An area to which you evacuate temporarily whenevacuation orders are given, or when the danger offire approaches. Temporary evacuation areas include
local elementary schools, junior high schools, andparks.
PP. 40, 115, 274
Temporary shelter
A facility that temporarily accommodates people
who have trouble returning home due to a disaster.
P. 274
TFD Disaster Volunteers
Volunteers who work at the scene of disaster who
have pre-registered at a Tokyo Fire Department firestation, within whose jurisdiction their home, placeof work, or school is located.
P. 267
Tokyo Metropolitan Government
Disaster Prevention Map
A map provided on the TMG disaster prevention
website. You can find the location of disasterprevention facilities, support stations for people
returning home following a disaster, and otherrelevant facilities.
P. 128
Tokyo Metropolitan Government
Disaster Prevention Twitter account
The Tokyo Metropolitan Government's Twitter
account on disaster prevention. By activating Twitter
Alerts, important tweets issued by public agencies
and emergency response organizations will appear
on your home timeline.
PP. 129, 271
Tokyo Metropolitan Government
Disaster Prevention Website
A website that provides information on
preparing for a disaster in normal times, as well as
information on the situation when a disaster strikes.
PP. 128, 270

Tokyo Metropolitan Seismic
Certification MarkA mark, issued by the Tokyo Metropolitan
Government that shows the safety of the building
against earthquakes so that Tokyo residents can feelsafe using buildings.
P. 108TriageThe process of determining the level of urgency
and severity of injuries/illnesses, and assigningpriority for treatment and transport out of the area.
P. 264
Tsunami evacuation building (evacuation
tower)
A facility where residents and visitors can
immediately evacuate to when a tsunami occurs.
P. 49, 275
Twitter
A communication tool with which messages of up
to 140 letters can be exchanged via the Internet.
PP. 43, 129, 271
Twitter Alert
By activating TMG Disaster Prevention Twitter
Alerts, important tweets issued by public agencies
and emergency response organizations will appear
on your home timeline.
PP. 129, 271

U
Underpass
A road below ground level at a grade-separated
crossing. Prone to becoming submerged during
torrential rain.
P. 151
Urban flooding
A type of flooding that occurs in urban areas
where much of the ground is covered by concreteor asphalt pavement. It occurs when a massive
amount of water flows into the sewerage system orriver.
P. 150"Takidashi"

31 4150629_5-en.indd 314-315

315

2015-08-31 오후 3:46:29

V
Venous bleeding
A type of bleeding in which dark red blood flows
out continuously from a vein.
PP. 178, 263
Volcanic ash fall
Volcanic ash released by an eruption that falls to
the ground.
P. 163

Wind and flood disasterA disaster caused by heavy rain and/or strong wind.
P. 144WorkshopA lesson in which a group of people takes
part in activities, experiences things first hand,and interacts with each other so as to share theirknowledge and/or create something.
PP. 228, 232

Volunteer fire corps
A non-regular group made up of members withother occupations that undertakes firefighting
activities in the community.
P. 139W
Warning
A warning is issued when the Japan Meteorological
Agency has determined that there is a risk of asevere disaster.
PP. 145, 246, 248
Water bag
Plastic bags, such as trash bags, filled with waterand used for flood prevention. When sandbags are
not available, water bags can be used as a substitute.
P. 148Water supply spot
An emergency water supply tank, water
purification plant, water supply station, etc. where
people can obtain water when the water supply isinterrupted due to a major earthquake.
P. 55
WHO (World Health Organization)
A United Nations body that was established withthe objective of attaining the highest possible levelof health for all people.
P. 17031 6150629_5-en.indd 316-317

317

2015-08-31 오후 3:46:30

things through groupinteraction

For Those Who Live Alone
What to do before evacuating 046
The“daily stockpile”concept 085
Emergency bag

090

For Families with Members Who
Need Special Care
Recommending that you stay at home 054
Household stockpile list

088

Furniture stabilizing checklist 1 00

Furniture stabilizing checklist

1 00

Know the area around your house 1 1 4

Confirm evacuation places

1 15

Confirm evacuation places

1 15

Exchange greetings with neighbors regularly 1 24

Know your community's earthquake risk 1 1 8
Places safe from fire120

Prepare to stay at the office

127

Confirm safety and collect information 128

For Families with No Major
Health Problems

150629_5-en.indd 318-319

The“daily stockpile”concept

085

Furniture stabilizing checklist

1 00

Fire prevention measures

1 09

Checking electricity, gas, and water supply 1 1 2

Recommending that you stay at home 054

31 8

For Elderly Couple Households

The“daily stockpile”concept

085

Emergency bag

090

Furniture stabilizing checklist

1 00

Seismic resistance checklist

1 07

Exchange greetings with neighbors regularly 1 24

Checking electricity, gas and water supply 1 1 2

For Foreign residents

Know the area around your house 1 1 4

Confirm safety and collect information 1 28

Hold a family meeting

1 22

Emergency services

268

Fire and disaster drills

1 30

LET'S GET PREPARED!

286

How to use the fire extinguisher

1 88

Helpful phrases

288

319

2015-08-31 오후 3:46:30

Index by Location

P.037

P.036

P.037

High-rise building

Mountainous area
P.026

IslandOffice

P.029

P.020

P.036

Home

Elevator

P.049

P.030

Riverside

Train station, train

School

P.033

P.028
Business andshopping district
P.033
TunnelBridge
P.034

P.035

Underground
shopping area

Theater,hall,
stadium
P.032
Car

320

150629_5-en.indd 320-321

321

2015-08-31 오후 3:46:34