▫ᩮࠞ࡞࠺࡜ਛᄩἫญਐᾲ᳓♽ߦ߅ߌࠆἫጊᕈᵹ૕ߩൻቇ⊛ㅴൻ
大場

武 *・澤

毅＊ 1・平徳泰＊・大和田道子＊ 2・森川徳敏＊ 2・風早康平＊ 2

Chemical evolution of volcanic ﬂuid present in the hydrothermal system developed on the central cones of Hakone
volcano caldera
byTakeshi OHBA*, Takeshi SAWA*1, Noriyasu TAIRA*, Michiko OHWADA*2, Noritoshi MORIKAWA*2,
and Kohei KAZAHAYA*2
Abstract
Fumarolic gases the gases discharged from borehole and hot spring water were sampled at three geothermal areas, Owakudani,
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84

observed in hot spring water in comparison to $U7KHH[FHVVDPRXQWRI Kr and132

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RIWKHFHQWUDOFRQHV7KH)H0JUDWLRRIWKHZDWHUZDVJHQHUDOO\VPDOOHUWKDQWKHUDWLRRIWKHODYDWKHUHE\VXJJHVWLQJDGHSRVLWLRQRI)HIURPVHFRQGDU\PLQHUDOVVXFKDV)H626HYHUDOZDWHUVDPSOHVZHUHHTXLOLEUDWHGLQWHUPVRIDSUHFLSLWDWLRQUHDFWLRQLQYROYLQJFeS2 at around 200͠ ZKLFKZDVVXSSRUWHGE\DVLPLODUWHPSHUDWXUHUDQJHHVWLPDWHGE\WKH6L22 geothermometer.
 ߪߓ߼ߦ

ᵴേߩ⹏ଔࠍⴕ߁ߚ߼ߦߪ‫ޔ‬Ἣጊᵴേߣ⚵ᚑᄌൻߩ㑐ଥ Ἣጊࠟࠬߩൻቇࠍ⎇ⓥߔࠆ৻ߟߩ⋡⊛ߪ‫ޔ‬࿾⴫ߦ߅ߌ

ࠍ⚻㛎⊛ߦታ㓙ߩ᷹ⷰ߆ࠄ⷗಴ߔᔅⷐ߇޽ࠆ߇‫ޔ‬ᄌൻߩࠆ᷹ⷰߢߪ೔㆐ਇน⢻ߥ࿾ਅⅣႺߩ‛ℂൻቇ⊛᧦ઙࠍቯේ࿃ࠍṶ➈⊛ߦតࠆ⎇ⓥ߽㊀ⷐߢ޽ࠆ‫᦭ޕ‬ผߩྃἫ߇ߥ

㊂⊛ߦ⹏ଔߔࠆߎߣߢ޽ࠆ‫ޕ‬ᵴἫጊߩ࿾ਅߦẜ߻ࡑࠣࡑߊᾲ᳓♽߇⊒㆐ߒ‫ྃޔ‬᳇ࠍ᡼಴ߒߡ޿ࠆἫጊߪᢙᄙ޿‫ޕ‬߆ࠄ᡼಴ߐࠇࠆើ⊒ᕈ‛⾰ߪ‫ޔ‬࿾Ზౝࠍ⒖േߒ‫ྃޔ‬᳇‫ޔ‬ߘߩࠃ߁ߥἫጊߩྃ᳇ߩ৻ߟߩ․ᓽߪ‫ޔ‬CO2 ߿ H2S ߦߣ࿯ფࠟࠬ‫ޔ‬᷷ᴰ᳓‫ޔ‬Ἣญḓ᳓ߥߤߣߒߡ࿾⴫ߦ೔㆐ߔࠆ‫ޕ‬ߺ‫⿠ࡑࠣࡑޔ‬Ḯࠟࠬߢ޽ࠆ SO2 ߿ HCl ߦਲߒ޿‫ߩߘޕ‬ࠟࠬߪ࿾Ზౝߢ⒖േ߇ᣧߊ‫ޔ‬࿾ਅߩ‛ℂൻቇ⊛ⅣႺࠍߔ

ࠃ߁ߥྃ᳇ߢ߽Ἣጊᵴേߩᄌൻߦኻᔕߒߡࠟࠬߩ⚵ᚑߪ߫߿ߊ࿾⴫ߦ෻ᤋߔࠆ‫ߩߘޕ‬ᗧ๧ߢ‫ྃޔ‬᳇ߥߤߩἫጊࠟ

ᄌൻߔࠆ႐ว߇޽ࠆ߇‫ߩߘޔ‬ේ࿃ࠍㅊⓥߒߚ⎇ⓥ଀ߪዋࠬߪ‫ޟ‬࿾ਅ߆ࠄዯ޿ߚ e-mail‫ޕࠆ߃⸒ߣޠ‬ߥ޿‫ޕ‬ ታ㓙⊛ߥᔕ↪ߣߒߡ‫ྃޔ‬᳇ߩ࿾⃿ൻቇ⊛᷹ⷰߪ‫ޔ‬Ἣጊ‫▫ޓ‬ᩮጊߪ‫␹ޔ‬ᄹᎹ⋵ߩ⷏ㇱߦ૏⟎ߔࠆᵴἫጊߢ‫ޔ‬ᣣᧄᵴേࠍ⹏ଔߔࠆߚ߼ߦ೑↪ߐࠇߡ߈ߚ‫ޕ‬⨲ᵤ⊕ᩮጊߢߪ‫ޔ‬ߩ㚂ㇺ᧲੩߆ࠄ 80 km ߩ〒㔌ߦ޽ࠆ㧔Fig. 1㧕‫▫ޕ‬ᩮጊㆊ෰ߦ‫ྃޔ‬Ἣߦవ┙ߜ‫ྃޔ߫߃ߣߚޔ‬᳇ߩ SO2/H2S Ყ߇ߪࠞ࡞࠺࡜᭴ㅧࠍ᦭ߒ‫ޔ‬ਛᄩἫญਐߩጊ⣻ߦߪ࿾ᾲ࿾Ꮺ

Ⴧᄢߒ‫৻ߩߘޔ‬ᐕᓟߦታ㓙ߦྃἫ߇⿠߈ߡ޿ࠆ㧔Ossaka߇⊒㆐ߒߡ޿ࠆ‫ޕ‬ਛᄩἫญਐࠍᒻᚑߔࠆࡑࠣࡑྃἫᵴേ

et al., 1980㧕‫ޔߚ߹ޕ‬2000 ᐕ᦭⃨ጊྃἫߩ೨ళߣߒߡ‫ޔ‬ߪ‫ ⚂ޔ‬5 ਁᐕ೨㧔ਭ㊁‫ޔ‬1972㧕ߦᆎࠅ‫ ⚂ޔ‬3 ජᐕ೨㧔ዊ࿯ფࠟࠬߣߒߡ᡼಴ߐࠇࠆ CO2 ߩỚᐲჇട߇᷹ⷰߐࠇᨋઁ 㨮 1997㧕߹ߢ⛮⛯ߒߚߣ⠨߃ࠄࠇߡ޿ࠆ߇‫⚳ᦨޔ‬ߡ޿ࠆ㧔Hernandez et al., 2001㧕‫ྃޕ‬᳇ߩ᷹ⷰ߆ࠄἫጊ

ߩࡑࠣࡑྃἫᵴേ߆ࠄ⃻࿷ߦ⥋ࠆᦼ㑆ߩ㐳ߐߪ‫ోޔ‬૕ߩ㧖‫᧲ޓ‬੩Ꮏᬺᄢቇ࡮Ἣጊᵹ૕⎇ⓥ࠮ࡦ࠲࡯‫᧲ޓ ޥޓ‬੩ㇺ⋡㤥඙ᄢጟጊ 
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߇ౣ㐿ߒߥ޿ߣߪᢿ⸒ߢ߈ߥ޿㧔↸↰‫ޔ‬1971㧕‫⚂ޕ‬㧟ජ
ᐕ೨ߩྃἫᤨߦߪ‫ޔ‬ਛᄩἫญਐ␹ጊ߇ጊ૕፣უߒ⊒↢ߒߚጤድߥߛࠇߦࠃߞߡ‫ޔ‬ᣧᎹ߇ႍ߈ᱛ߼ࠄࠇ‫ࡁ⧃ޔ‬ḓ߇ᒻᚑߐࠇߚ㧔ᄢᧁ࡮ⵑ↰‫ޔ‬1975㧕‫ޕ‬ ▫ᩮጊߢ᦭ผߩྃἫᵴേߪߥ޿߇‫࡜࠺࡞ࠞޔ‬ౝߢߪߚ߮ߚ߮Ἣጊᕈ࿾㔡߇⟲⊒ߔࠆ㧔⪦ᐕ‫ޔ‬2003㧕‫ޔߦ․ޕ‬2001 ᐕ 6 ᦬߆ࠄ 10 ᦬ߦ߆ߌߡ‫ޔ‬ᵴ⊒ߥ࿾㔡ᵴേ߇⿠ߎ
ࠅ‫ޔ‬ਛᄩἫญਐߩ࿾ਅߢ૕Ⓧ⤘ᒛ߇᷹ⷰߐࠇ‫ޔ‬ጊ૕ߦ࿾Ზᄌേࠍ߽ߚࠄߒߚ㧔ઍ↰࡮ઁ‫ޔ‬2007㧕‫▫ޕ‬ᩮἫጊߩࠞ
࡞࠺࡜ౝߦߪ‫ޔ‬15000 ੱ߇ዬ૑ߒ‫ޔ‬ᐔဋߒߡᲤᣣ 5 ਁੱߩⷰశቴ߇⸰ࠇߡ޿ࠆ‫▫ޕ‬ᩮጊߦ߅ߌࠆἫጊἴኂࠍ㒐ᱛߔࠆߚ߼ߦ‫ޔ‬Ἣጊᵴേࠍ⋙ⷞߔࠆᔅⷐ߇޽ࠆ‫␹ޕ‬ᄹᎹ⋵
᷷ᴰ࿾ቇ⎇ⓥᚲߪ▫ᩮጊߢᄙ㗄⋡ߩ᷹ⷰࠍ 1961 ᐕએ᧪࿑  ▫ᩮጊߩ૏⟎ታ ᣉ ߒ ߡ ޿ ࠆ㧔http://www.onken.odawara.kanagawa.jp/㧕‫ޕ‬

Fig. 1 Location of Mt. Hakone᷹ⷰ㗄⋡ߪ‫ޔ‬࿾㔡ᵴേ‫ޔ‬࿾Ზᄌേ‫ޔ‬࿾ਅ᳓૏‫ޔ‬᷷ᴰ᳓ൻቇ⚵ᚑߥߤߢ޽ࠆ߇‫ޔ‬ྃ᳇ߪ᷹ⷰ㗄⋡ߦ฽߹ࠇߡ޿ߥ޿‫ޕ‬ߎߩ߭ߣߟߩℂ↱ߪ‫ޔ‬Ἣጊࠟࠬߩ࿾⃿ൻቇ⊛᷹ⷰߪ⥄േൻ߇㔍ߒߊ‫ⷰޔ‬᷹ߦᚻ㑆߇߆߆ࠆߚ߼ߢ޽ࠈ߁‫ޕ‬Ἣጊᵴേߩᧄ⾰ߪࡑࠣࡑߩ⣕ࠟࠬ⃻⽎ߢ޽ࠅ‫ࡑࠣࡑޔ‬⣕ࠟࠬߦ઻޿᡼಴ߐࠇࠆើ⊒ᕈᚑಽߩ৻ㇱߪ‫ޔ‬Ἣጊࠟࠬߩ
ᚑಽࠍ᭴ᚑߔࠆ‫ޕ‬Ἣጊࠟࠬߪ‫ޔ‬Ἣጊ⃻⽎ࠍℂ⸃ߔࠆ਄ߢ
ᧄ⾰⊛ߦ㊀ⷐߥ⎇ⓥኻ⽎ߣ⸒߃ࠆ‫ᤨ⃻ޕ‬ὐߢ‫ޔ‬Ἣጊࠟࠬߩ⚵ᚑࠍ⥄േㅪ⛯⊛ߦ᷹ⷰߔࠆߚ߼ߩᛛⴚߪ㒢ࠄࠇߡ޿ࠆ‫੹ޕ‬ᓟ‫ޔ‬ା㗬ᕈߩ㜞޿ᄙᚑಽ᷹ⷰ߇น⢻ߥᛛⴚ㐿⊒߇ᔅⷐߢ޽ࠆ‫ޕ‬‫ޓ‬Ἣጊࠟࠬߪ‫ޔ‬H2O ࠍਥ૕ߣߔࠆ᳇૕ߢ޽ࠅ‫ޔ‬ኒᐲ߇ዊߐ޿‫ޔߦ߼ߚߩߘޕ‬࿾Ზౝࠍ⒖േߔࠆ㑆ߦ‫߃ߣߚޔ‬࿑ ▫ᩮጊࠞ࡞࠺࡜ౝߦ߅ߌࠆ࿾ᾲ࿾Ꮺߩ૏⟎㧚ታ✢㧔㧾㧕߫‫ޔ‬಄ළߐࠇ᳓⫳᳇߇ಝ❗ߔࠆߥߤߩ‫ޔ‬‫ޟ‬ᄌ⾰‫ޠ‬૞↪ࠍߪࠞ࡞࠺࡜ߩ࡝ࡓࠍ␜ߒߡ޿ࠆ㧚㧻㧘㧿㧘㨅ߪߘࠇߙࠇ㧘ฃߌ߿ߔ޿‫ޕ‬࿾⴫ߦ⃻ࠇߚྃ᳇ߪ࿾Ზౝߢߩಝ❗એᄖߦᄢᶗ⼱㧘ᣧ㔕࿾ₐ㧘ḡߩ⧎ᴛ࿾ᾲ࿾Ꮺ㧚㧷ߪਛᄩἫญ

߽࿾ਅ᳓ߩᷙ౉ߥߤⶄᢙߩ૞↪ࠍฃߌߡ޿ࠆ‫ྃޕ‬᳇ߩൻਐߩ߭ߣߟߢ޽ࠆ␹ጊߩጊ㗂૏⟎㧚㧸ߪ⧃ࡁḓ㧚╬㜞ቇ⚵ᚑ߿ห૏૕Ყ߆ࠄࡑࠣࡑߦ㑐ߔࠆᖱႎࠍ᛽಴ߔࠆߦ✢ߪ O 㑆㓒㧚ߪ‫ྃޔ‬᳇߇ฃߌߡ޿ࠆᄌ⾰૞↪ࠍᱜߒߊℂ⸃ߔࠆᔅⷐ߇

Fig. 2.QECVKQP QH IGQVJGTOCN CTGCU KP *CMQPG޽ࠆ‫⎇ᧄޕ‬ⓥߢߪ‫▫ޔ‬ᩮࠞ࡞࠺࡜ߩਛᄩἫญਐጊ㣽ߦ

XQNECPQ ECNFGTC 6JG DQNF EWTXG QWVNKPGU

⊒㆐ߒߡ޿ࠆ࿾ᾲ࿾Ꮺߢྃ᳇ࠍណขߒ‫ޔ‬࿾Ზౝߦ߅ߌ

VJG TKO QH VJG ECNFGTC 6JG H KNNGF

ࠆἫጊࠟࠬߦኻߔࠆൻቇ⊛ߥ૞↪ࠍ⺞ߴߚ‫▫ޕ‬ᩮጊߢ

EKTENGUFGPQVGFD[15CPF;KPFKECVGVJG

ߪ‫ྃޔ‬᳇ߩ๟ㄝߢ᷷ᴰ᳓߇⥄ὼᵹ಴ߒߡ޿ࠆ‫ޕ‬Oki and

IGQVJGTOCN CTGCU 1YCMWFCPK 5QWPLKIQMWHirano(1970 ߪ▫ᩮጊߦ߅޿ߡ‫ޔ‬᷷ᴰ᳓ߩ⚵ᚑࠍ೑↪ߒ

CPF;QPQJCPC\CYCTGURGEVKXGN[YJGTGVJG

ߡἫጊᾲ᳓♽ߩࡕ࠺࡞ࠍ᭴▽ߒߚ‫ޕ‬᷷ᴰ᳓ߪἫጊᾲ᳓♽XQNECPKE ICUGU CPF YCVGT YGTG UCORNGF

ࠍ᭴ᚑߔࠆਥⷐߥⷐ⚛ߢ޽ࠅ‫ޔ‬Ἣጊࠟࠬߩ⚵ᚑߣኒធߦ

6JG H KNNGF VTKCPING KPFKECVGU VJG RGCM㑐ଥߒߡ޿ࠆߣ⠨߃ࠄࠇࠆ‫⎇ᧄޕ‬ⓥߢߪ‫ྃޔ‬᳇ߩㄭறߢ

QH-COK[COCYJKEJKUQPGQHVJGEGPVTCNᵹ಴ߒߡ޿ࠆ᷷ᴰ᳓߽⎇ⓥኻ⽎ߦ฽߼ߚ‫ޕ‬

EQPGU KP VJG ECNFGTC 6JG H KNNGF CTGCVJCV FGPQVGU . KPFKECVGU VJG .CMG #UJK Ἣጊࠟࠬ࡮᷷ᴰ᳓⹜ᢱ

6JG KPVGTXCN QH EQPVQWT KU  O KP ᧄ⎇ⓥߢߪ‫ޔ‬࿾ᾲ࿾Ꮺߢ⥄ὼߦ᡼಴ߐࠇࠆྃ᳇‫࡯ࡏޔ‬CNVKVWFG࿑  ᧄ⎇ⓥߢណขߒߚྃ᳇㧘ࡏ࡯࡝ࡦࠣሹ㧘᷷ᴰ᳓ߩಽᏓ㧚⢛᥊ߦߪ㧘࿖࿯࿾ℂ㒮⊒ⴕੑਁ੖ජಽߩ৻࿾ᒻ࿑ࠍ૶
↪㧚࿑  ᄢᶗ⼱ߢណขߒߚἫጊࠟࠬߣ᷷ᴰ᳓ߩ૏⟎㧚⢛᥊ߦߪ㧘
࿖࿯࿾ℂ㒮⊒ⴕੑਁ੖ජಽߩ৻࿾ᒻ࿑ࠍ૶↪㧚
(KI&GVCKNGFOCRQHVJGFKUVTKDWVKQPQHHWOCTQNKE

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ICU DQTG JQNG CPF JQV URTKPI YCVGT CV

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1YCMWFCPK IGQVJGTOCN CTGC  6JG DCEMITQWPF

U J Q Y U  V J G  V Q R Q I T C R J K E  O C R  K U U W G F  D [U J Q Y U  V J G  V Q R Q I T C R J K E  O C R  K U U W G F  D [)GQITCRJKECN5WTXG[+PUVKVWVGQH,CRCP)GQITCRJKECN5WTXG[+PUVKVWVGQH,CRCP࡝ࡦࠣሹ߆ࠄ᡼಴ߐࠇࠆἫጊࠟࠬ‫⥄ޔ‬ὼḝ಴ߔࠆ᷷ᴰ᳓

ࡦࠣሹ߆ࠄ᡼಴ߐࠇࠆ⫳᳇ࠍ╴⁁ߩ᭴ㅧ‛㧔એਅ‫࡜࠼ޔ‬ࠍណข࡮ಽᨆߒߚ‫▫ޕ‬ᩮጊߢߪ‫ޔ‬ਛᄩἫญਐߩ߭ߣߟߢ

ࡓߣ⸥ߔ㧕ߩਛߢ಄᳓ߣᷙวߒ‫ޔ‬᷷ᴰ᳓ࠍ⺞⵾ߒߡ޿޽ࠆ␹ጊ㧔K㧕ߩ๟ㄝߦ‫ޔ‬ᄢᶗ⼱㧔O㧕
‫ޔ‬ᣧ㔕࿾ₐ㧔S㧕‫ޔ‬SO2 ߣ H2S ࠟࠬ߇฽߹ࠇߡ߅ࠅ‫ޔ‬ࠆ‫ޕ‬52 ภ੗ߩ⫳᳇ߦߪ‫ޔ‬ḡߩ⧎ᴛ㧔Y㧕ߩ࿾ᾲ࿾Ꮺ߇ሽ࿷ߔࠆ㧔Fig. 2㧕‫⹜ޕ‬ᢱߩ

એਅߩ෻ᔕ߇࠼࡜ࡓౝߢ⿠߈‫ޔ‬⥄ὼ⎫㤛߇⊒↢ߒߡ޿ࠆ‫ޕ‬⹦⚦ߥណข૏⟎ࠍ Fig. 3 ߦ␜ߔ‫ߦࠄߐޕ‬ᄢᶗ⼱ߦ߅ߌࠆ⹦⚦ߥណข૏⟎ࠍ Fig. 4 ߦ␜ߔ‫⹜ࠬࠟޕ‬ᢱߩណข࿾

SO2 + 2H2S = 3S + 2H2O‫ ޓޓޓޓޓޓޓޓޓޓޓ‬1)ὐߦ߅ߌࠆ౮⌀ࠍ Photo-1 㨪 16㧔ઃ㍳ෳᾖ㧕‫ޔ‬᳓⹜ᢱߩ
ណข࿾ὐߦ߅ߌࠆ౮⌀ࠍ Photo-17 㨪 26㧔ઃ㍳ෳᾖ㧕ߦ‫ޓ‬ห␠ߪᲤᦺ‫ޔ‬಄᳓ߩଏ⛎ࠍ৻ᤨ⊛ߦᱛ߼‫ࡓ࡜࠼ޔ‬ౝߦ␜ߔ‫⺰ᧄޔ߅ߥޕ‬ᢥߢߪ‫ޔ‬ណขߒߚ⹜ᢱߩ⸥ภߣߒߡ‫ޔ‬⫾Ⓧߒߚ⎫㤛ࠍ㒰෰ߔࠆ૞ᬺࠍⴕߞߡ޿ࠆ‫⫳ޕ‬᳇੗߆ࠄࠕ࡞ࡈࠔࡌ࠶࠻ߣᢙሼࠍ↪޿ࠆ‫⸥ޕ‬ภߩᦨೋߩᢥሼ߇‫ޔ‬ߩἫጊࠟࠬߩណขߪ‫ޔ‬಄᳓ߩଏ⛎ࠍᱛ߼ߡ޿ࠆ߅ࠃߘ

G‫ޔ‬W ߩ႐วߪ‫ޔࠬࠟޔࠇߙࠇߘޔ‬᳓⹜ᢱࠍᗧ๧ߔࠆ‫ޕ‬

30 ಽ⒟ᐲߩ⍴ᤨ㑆ౝߢታⴕߒߚ‫ޕ‬GY2 ߪ▫ᩮ↸߇ᚲ᦭⸥ภߩੑᢥሼ⋡ߩᢥሼߪណข႐ᚲࠍᗧ๧ߒ‫ޔ‬O‫ޔ‬S‫ޔ‬Y‫ޔ‬ߔࠆ⫳᳇੗߆ࠄណขߒߚࠟࠬߢ޽ࠆ‫ޕ‬GB‫ޔ‬GY2 એᄖߪ

B ࠍߘࠇߙࠇ‫ޔ‬ᄢᶗ⼱‫ޔ‬ᣧ㔕࿾ₐ‫ޔ‬ḡߩ⧎ᴛ‫ޔ‬ᄢᶗ⼱ࡏ࡯ోߡ⥄ὼߦ࿾⴫߆ࠄ᡼಴ߐࠇࠆྃ᳇ߢ޽ߞߚ‫ࠃ߅ࠬࠟޕ‬࡝ࡦࠣሹߣߔࠆ‫⸥ޕ‬ภߩ㧟ᢥሼ⋡ߪᢙሼߢ‫ޔ‬ฦណข࿾ὐ

᷷߮ᴰ᳓ߩណข࿾ὐߩ૏⟎ߪ‫ޔ‬៤Ꮺဳ GPS ߦࠃࠅ᷹ⷰ

ߦ߅ߌࠆࠟࠬ߅ࠃ߮᳓⹜ᢱߩㅢߒ⇟ภࠍᗧ๧ߒߡ޿ࠆ‫ޕ‬ߒߚ‫ޕ‬‫ޓ‬ᄢᶗ⼱ߩ 52 ภ⫳᳇੗㧔Fig. 3‫ޔ‬4 ߩ GB㧕ߪ‫▫ޔ‬ᩮ᷷
ᴰଏ⛎ᩣᑼળ␠ߩᢝ࿾ౝߦជ೥ߐࠇߡ޿ࠆ‫⫳ޕ‬᳇੗ߩሹ Ἣጊࠟࠬߩណข࡮ಽᨆᴺ

ᐩᷓᐲߪ 500m ߢ޽ࠆ‫ޕ‬ห␠ߪ‫ޔ‬ᄢᶗ⼱ߢⶄᢙߩࡏ࡯࡝

‫ޓ‬Ἣጊࠟࠬߩណขߦߪ‫ޔ‬ੑญߩᵈ኿ེࠍ↪޿ࠆ◲ଢ߆ߟㄦㅦߥᣇᴺ㧔Ozawa, 1968㧕߽޽ࠆ߇‫⎇ᧄޔ‬ⓥߢߪ‫ޔ‬Ꮧࠢߪ‫ޔ‬಄ළߒߡ߆ࠄჇ✦߼ߔࠆᔅⷐ߇޽ࠆ‫ޕ‬ࠟࠬࠍಽᨆኻ⽎ߦߒߡ޿ࠆߩߢ‫ޔ‬ⓨ᳇ߩᷙ౉ࠍᦨዊ㒢‫ޓ‬KOH ᳓ ṁ ᶧ ߦ ๆ ෼ ߐ ࠇ ߥ ޿ ࠟ ࠬ ᚑ ಽ㧔R-gas㧕 ߪߦᛥ߃ࠆߎߣ߇ߢ߈ࠆ Giggenbach ࡏ࠻࡞㧔Giggenbach,

Giggenbach ࡏ࠻࡞ౝߩࡋ࠶࠼ࠬࡍ࡯ࠬߦḳ߹ࠆ‫ޕ‬R-gas

1975㧕ࠍណขߦ↪޿ߚ‫⎇ᧄޕ‬ⓥߢ↪޿ߚ Giggenbach ࡏߪ‫ޔ‬N2‫ޔ‬O2‫ޔ‬H2‫ޔ‬CH4‫ޔ‬Ꮧࠟࠬߥߤߩᷙว‛ߢ޽ࠅ‫ޔ‬$U࠻࡞ߪౝኈⓍ⚂ 120 ml ߩࡄࠗ࡟࠶ࠢࠬࠟ࡜ࠬ⵾⌀ⓨ↉ࠟࠬࠍࠠࡖ࡝ࠕߦ↪޿ߚࠟࠬࠢࡠࡑ࠻ࠣ࡜ࡈ㧔GC㧕ߢߢ޽ࠆ‫ޕ‬ណขߩ೨ߦ‫ޔ‬ౝㇱߦ 20ml ߩ 0 KOH ᳓ṁᶧಽᨆߒߚ‫ߩߎޕ‬㓙ߦ‫ޔ‬ࡏ࠻࡞ౝㇱߩ࿶ജ߽หᤨߦ᷹ቯߒ‫ޔ‬౉ࠇⓨ᳇ࠍឃ᳇ߒߚ‫ޕ‬Giggenbach ࡏ࠻࡞ߦߪ࠹ࡈࡠࡦ

Giggenbach ࡏ࠻࡞ߦណขߐࠇߚ R-gas ߩࡕ࡞ᢙࠍ᳿ቯߒ

⵾ߩࠬࠢ࡝ࡘ࡯ᑼࠦ࠶ࠢ߇ઃ޿ߡ߅ࠅ‫ߊߞࠁࠍࠢ࠶ࠦޔ‬ߚ‫ޕ‬GC ಽᨆᓟߦ‫ޔ‬Ꮧࠟࠬಽᨆ↪ߦ‫ޔ‬R-gas ߩ৻ㇱࠍ %0ࠅ㐿ߌࠆߎߣߦࠃࠅ‫ޔ‬ᄢ᳇ߣ↉ౝߩ࿶ജᏅࠍ೑↪ߒߡ‫ޔ‬ࠟ࡜ࠬ▤ߦಽข‫ޔ‬ኽ౉ߒߚ‫ޕ‬%0 ▤ߪ‫ޔ‬㔚✢ߥߤߩኽ౉

⥄േ⊛ߦྃ᳇ࠍๆᒁߔࠆߎߣ߇ߢ߈ࠆ‫ޕ‬ߦ↪޿ࠄࠇࠆ⎬⾰ࠟ࡜ࠬߢ‫ޔ‬He ㅘㆊ₸߇ૐ޿‫ޕ‬%0 ▤‫ޓ‬ታ㓙ߩណขߢߪ‫ޔ‬వߕ‫ྃޔ‬᳇ሹߩ಴ญߦ࠴࠲ࡦࡄࠗࡊ

ߦኽ౉ߒߚࠟࠬ⹜ᢱߪ‫ޔ‬VG5400 ဳ⾰㊂ಽᨆ⸘ߦࠃࠅ‫ޔ‬ࠍᝌ౉ߒ‫ߩࡊࠗࡄޔ‬಴ญߦࠧࡓ▤ࠍធ⛯ߒ‫ߊࠄ߫ߒޔ‬᭽Ꮧࠟࠬ⚵ᚑ‫ޔ‬3He / 4He Ყࠍ᷹ቯߒߚ‫ޕ‬ሶࠍߺߚ‫ྃ߇ࡊࠗࡄޕ‬᳇ߩᾲߢ᷷߹ࠅ‫⥄ޔ‬ὼߦࠧࡓ▤ߩ‫⹜ޓ‬ᢱࠟࠬߩ᳓⫳᳇ߩ቟ቯห૕Ყ㧔D/H‫ޔ‬18O/16O㧕ࠍ᷹┵߆ࠄ⫳᳇߇ṳࠇ಴ࠆࠃ߁ߦߥߞߚࠄ‫ޔ‬Giggenbach ࡏቯߔࠆߚ߼ߦ‫⃻ޔ‬႐ߢ Giggenbach ࡏ࠻࡞ߣߪ೎ߦ‫ޔ‬ੑ࠻࡞ࠍធ⛯ߒ‫ࠅߊߞࠁࠍࠢ࠶ࠦޔ‬㐿ߌ‫࡞࠻ࡏࠍࠬࠟޔ‬ౝ㊀ࠟ࡜ࠬ▤߆ࠄߥࠆಝ❗ེߢ‫ޔ‬ಝ❗᳓ࠍ 20ml ⒟ᐲណ

ߦๆᒁߒߚ‫ޕ‬චಽߥ㊂ߩࠟࠬࠍๆᒁߒߚࠄࠦ࠶ࠢࠍ㐽ขߒߚ‫ޕ‬ಝ❗᳓ߩ D/H Ყߪ‫ޔ‬㊄ዻ੝㋦ࠍ↪޿ߚ᳓⚛ㆶ߼ߡ‫⎇ޔ‬ⓥቶߦᜬߜᏫࠅಽᨆߦଏߒߚ‫ࠬࠟޕ‬ណข⋥ᓟߪర ᴺ㧔Coleman et al, 1982㧕
‫ޔ‬18O/16O ߪ CO2-H2O ᐔ ⴧࠦ࠶ࠢߩ᷷ᐲ߇㜞޿߇‫ߡߒߊࠄ߫ߒޔ‬಄ළߔࠆߣ‫࠶ࠦޔ‬ᴺ㧔Epstein and 0D\HGD 1953㧕ߢ CO2 ⹜ᢱࠍ⺞⵾ߒ‫ޔ‬ࠢߩਛᔃ᫔߇ᾲ෼❗ߒ‫ߓߨޔ‬ᑼߩࠦ࠶ࠢ߇✭߻႐ว߇޽

0$7 ⾰㊂ಽᨆ⸘ࠍ↪޿ߡห૏૕Ყࠍ᷹ቯߒߚ‫ࠬࠟޕ‬ࠆ‫ޕ‬ⓨ᳇ߩᷙ౉ࠍㆱߌࠆߚ߼ߦ‫ޔ‬Giggenbach ࡏ࠻࡞ߩࠦ࠶

ߦ฽߹ࠇࠆ CO2 ߩ቟ቯห૏૕Ყ㧔13C/12C㧕ࠍ᷹ቯߔࠆߚ⴫ ‫⎇ᧄޓ‬ⓥߢណขߒߚἫጊࠟࠬ⹜ᢱ߅ࠃ߮᳓⹜ᢱߩ࿾ὐߣ಴ญ᷷ᐲ㧚࿾ὐᐳᮡߪ )25 ߦࠃࠅ᷹ⷰߒߚ㧚ᐳᮡߪ 6QM[Q ♽ߦၮߠߊ㧚
6CDNG5CORNKPINQECVKQPQHICUCPFYCVGTYKVJVJGKTQWVNGVVGORGTCVWTG

Location

Category

Code

Date

Temp.

Owakudani
Owakudani
Owakudani
Owakudani
Owakudani
Owakudani
Owakudani
Owakudani
52 bore holeSounjigoku
Sounjigoku
Yunohanazawa
Yunohanazawa

Gas
Gas
Gas
Gas
Gas
Gas
Gas
Gas
Gas
Gas
Gas
Gas
Gas

GO1
GO2
GO3
GO4
GO5
GO6
GO7
GO8
GB
GS1
GS2
GY1
GY2

2005/8/3
2005/8/3
2005/10/21
2005/10/21
2005/10/25
2005/10/25
2005/10/25
2005/11/1
2005/10/25
2005/11/1
2005/11/1
2005/11/8
2006/1/10

䉔
92.5
96.2
95.2
96.6
96.7
97.0
95.5
94.3
152.0
96.9
97.6
96.4
137.0

Longitude139deg+
min
1.381
1.410
1.314
1.478
1.475
1.419
1.270
1.419
1.508
1.961
2.093
2.135
2.288

Ohwakudani
Water
WO1
2005/8/3
92.5
1.370
Ohwakudani
Water
WO2
2005/8/3
92.4
1.410
Ohwakudani
Water
WO3
2005/8/3
78.7
1.398
Ohwakudani
Water
WO4
2005/10/21
54.8
1.344
Ohwakudani
Water
WO5
2005/10/21
93.6
1.438
Ohwakudani
Water
WO6
2005/10/21
96.5
1.486
Ohwakudani
Water
WO7
2005/10/21
93.6
1.451
Ohwakudani
Water
WO8
2005/12/1
83.2
1.344
Ohwakudani
Water
WO9
2006/1/10
95.2
1.411
Sounjigoku
Water
WS1
2005/11/1
95.6
1.961
Sounjigoku
Water
WS2
2005/11/1
94.8
2.058
Yunohanazawa
Water
WY1
2005/11/8
87.4
2.240
The coordinate indicated in Table is based on Tokyo-GPS-system.



Latitude35deg+
min14.16314.19114.15814.15214.292
14.27914.33614.62414.37014.20614.28813.23813.25914.181
14.19114.18914.19514.17714.14614.15614.19614.18914.20614.25713.510⴫ ‫ޓ‬Ἣጊࠟࠬߩൻቇ⚵ᚑ㧚න૏ߪ vOQNOQN㧚PF ߪᬌ಴㒢⇇એਅࠍᗧ๧ߔࠆ㧚
6CDNG%JGOKECNEQORQUKVKQPQHHWOCTQNKEICUCPFICUHTQODQTGJQNG

H2O
CO2
H2S
SO2
CH4
H2
HCl
GO1
992800
4250
2770
39.3
14.4
46.4
0.64
GO2
995200
3150
1320
18.6
26.5
212
1.63
GO3
996800
2610
483
9.2
6.3
41.6
0.24
GO4
996600
2030
1230
22.7
16.0
52.5
0.84
GO5
991100
5590
3030
36.3
8.3
198
nd
GO6
995100
2790
1870
24.4
53.9
85.3
0.25
GO7
988700
7760
3310
33.1
1.6
81.6
1.25
GO8
978000
20600
135
123
4.8
500
22.0
GB
987400
6570
3990
1780
166
2.0
nd
GS1
991600
4970
3290
75.7
8.1
3.9
1.12
GS2
990800
4390
4280
48.5
13.7
386
8.87
GY1
996200
2760
953
12.0
12.5
11.4
1.10
GY2
989400
5320
2190
110
nd
161
14.3
㻸㼑㼌㼗㻃㼒㼉㻃㼗㼋㼈㻃㼆㼒㼑㼆㼈㼑㼗㼕㼄㼗㼌㼒㼑㻃㼒㼉㻃㼈㼄㼆㼋㻃㼆㼒㼐㼓㼒㼖㼌㼗㼌㼒㼑㻃㼌㼖㻃㼌㼑㻃䃒㼐㼒㼏㻒㼐㼒㼏㻑㻃㻃nd: not detected.

N2
93.0
67.3
39.0
22.5
69.6
33.4
108
558
110
74.4
77.0
36.9
2280

O2
nd
nd
nd
nd
nd
nd
nd
69.9
nd
nd
nd
nd
504

߼ߦ‫⃻ޔ‬႐ߢ‫ޔ‬50 ml ߩࡊ࡜ࠬ࠴࠶ࠢࠪ࡝ࡦࠫߦḩߚߒߚ 10ml ߩ Ba(OH)2 㘻๺᳓ṁᶧߣ‫⹜ޔ‬ᢱࠟࠬࠍ෻ᔕߐߖ‫ޔ‬ Ἣጊࠟࠬߩಽᨆ⚿ᨐ

BaCO3 ߩᴉᲚࠍ૞ᚑߒߚ‫⎇ࠍࠫࡦ࡝ࠪޕ‬ⓥቶߦᜬߜᏫࠅ‫ޔ‬‫ޓ‬7DEOH 1 ߦ⹜ᢱߩណขᐕ᦬ᣣ‫ޔ‬಴ญ᷷ᐲ‫ޔ‬ណข࿾ὐᐳ

ᴉᲚࠍಽ㔌ߒ‫⌀ޔ‬ⓨ࡜ࠗࡦߢῂ㉄ߣ෻ᔕߐߖ‫ޔ‬CO2 ߦォᮡࠍ␜ߔ‫ޕ‬GB‫ޔ‬GY2 ߪ⫳᳇੗߆ࠄߩࠟࠬߢ‫ޔࠇߙࠇߘޔ‬឵ߒ‫ޔ‬ห૏૕Ყࠍ 0$7 ⾰㊂ಽᨆ⸘ࠍ↪޿ߡ᷹ቯߒߚ‫ޕ‬

152‫ޔ‬137͠ߣ಴ญ᷷ᐲ߇㜞߆ߞߚ߇‫⥄ޔ‬ὼྃ᳇ߩ಴ญ᷷

HCl ╬㧕ߪ‫ޔ‬‫⹜ࠬࠟޓ‬ᢱߩਥⷐߥൻቇ⚵ᚑ㧔CO2‫ޔ‬ో⎫㤛‫ޔ‬

ᐲߪ‫ޔ‬94.3 㨪 97.6͠ߩ▸࿐ࠍ␜ߒ‫ྃޔ‬᳇࿾Ꮺߩᶏᛮ㜞ᐲ‫ޔ‬

Giggenbach ࡏ ࠻ ࡞ ߆ ࠄ ข ࠅ ಴ ߒ ߚ KOH ṁ ᶧ ࠍ Ozawa⚂ 1000m ߦ߅ߌࠆ᳓ߩᴣὐ᷷ᐲ‫ޔ‬96.5͠ߦㄭ޿‫ޕ‬7DEOH(1968 ߩᣇᴺߦᓥ޿‫ޔ‬Ḩᑼಽᨆߒߚ‫⹜ࠬࠟޕ‬ᢱߩ H2O

2 ߦࠟࠬ⹜ᢱߩൻቇ⚵ᚑࠍ␜ߔ‫ޕ‬ൻቇ⚵ᚑߩ․ᓽߣߒߡ‫ޔ‬㊂ߪ‫⹜ޔ‬ᢱណข೨ߣᓟߩ Giggenbach ࡏ࠻࡞ߩ㊀㊂Ꮕࠍోߡߩ⹜ᢱߢ H2O ߩ⋧ኻỚᐲ߇ 97% એ਄ߢ޽ࠅਥᚑಽ

᷹ቯߒ‫߇ࠇߘޔ‬ណขߒߚ H2O ߩ⾰㊂ߦ⋧ᒰߔࠆߣ઒ቯ

ࠍභ߼ߡ޿ߚ‫ޕ‬H2O ߦᰴ޿ߢᄙ޿ᚑಽߪ CO2 ߢ‫ޔ‬3 ⇟ߒߡ⸘▚ߒߚ‫ ߩࠬࠟޕ‬SO2 / H2S ࡕ࡞Ყߪ‫⚛࡛࠙ޔ‬ṁᶧ⋡ߦᄙ޿ᚑಽߪ H2S ߢ޽ߞߚ‫․ߩࠄࠇߎޕ‬ᓽߪ GO8 ࠍߣࠟࠬࠍ෻ᔕߐߖ‫↢ޔ‬ᚑߒߚ⎫㉄ࠗࠝࡦߣ⥄ὼ⎫㤛ߩ㊂㒰޿ߡ౒ㅢߒߡ޿ࠆ‫ޕ‬GO8 ߪ․⇣ߥ⚵ᚑࠍ␜ߒߡ޿ࠆ‫ޕ‬ࠍ᷹ቯߔࠆ Ozawa (1968 ߩᣇᴺࠍ↪޿ߡ᳿ቯߒߚ‫ޕ‬

GO8 ߪ‫ޔ‬2001 ᐕએ㒠ߦᄢᶗ⼱ߩർᢳ㕙ߦ಴⃻ߒߚྃ᳇ߢ޽ࠅ‫ޔ‬CO2 Ớᐲ߇ઁߩࠟࠬ⹜ᢱߦᲧセߒߡ㘧߮ߧߌߡ ᷷ᴰ᳓ߩណข࡮ಽᨆᴺ

㜞޿߇‫৻ޔ‬ᣇߢ H2S Ớᐲߪઁߩࠟࠬ⹜ᢱߦᲧߴߡ‫ޔ‬㗼‫ޓ‬᷷ᴰ᳓ߩ᷷ᐲߪណข࿾ὐߢ‫࡞࠲ࠫ࠺ޔ‬᷷ᐲ⸘ࠍ↪޿ߡ⪺ߦૐ޿‫ޕ‬᷹ቯߒߚ‫ޕ‬ṁሽ H2S Ớᐲࠍ᷹ቯߔࠆߚ߼ߦ‫ޔ‬ណข࿾ὐߢ‫ޔ‬‫ޓ‬SO2 ߪ GB ߢ‫ޔ‬1780 µmol/mol ߣ 㜞 ޿ ߇‫ ࠇ ߘ ޔ‬એ ᄖ᷷ᴰ᳓ࠍ 5 㨪 20 ml ⒟ᐲᱜ⏕ߦណขߒ‫ޔ‬570 ml ߩࡐ࡝ߪ 123 µmol/mol એਅߢ޽ߞߚ‫ޕ‬HCl ߽ GB ߩߺ߇‫ޔ‬166ࡆࡦߦᛩ౉ߒ‫ޔ‬6N HCl ࠍ 5ml ട߃‫⹜ޔ‬ᢱࠍᒝ㉄ᕈߦߒ

µmol/mol ߣ㜞޿߇‫ࠇߘޔ‬એᄖߪ 54 µmol/mol એਅߢ޽ߞ

ߡ߆ࠄ⬄ࠍߒߡ‫⹜ޔ‬ᢱ᳓ߦṁሽߒߡ޿ࠆ H2S ࠟࠬࠍࡐߚ‫ޕ‬H2 ߪ GO8 ߇ 500 µmol/mol ߢ ᦨ ߽ 㜞 ߊ‫ޔ‬GB‫ޔ‬GS1

࡝ࡆࡦౝߦ᜛ᢔߐߖߚ‫ߩߘޕ‬ᓟߦࡐ࡝ࡆࡦౝߩ H2S Ớ

ߪ 4 µmol/mol એਅߩૐỚᐲߢ޽ߞߚ‫ޕ‬CH4 ߪ GO8 ߇‫ޔ‬ᐲࠍࠟࠬ࠹࠶ࠢ⵾ߩᬌ⍮▤ߢ᷹ቯߒ‫ޔ‬ṁሽ H2S Ớᐲࠍ

22 µmol/mol ߣ‫߽ᦨޔ‬㜞Ớᐲߢ‫ޔ‬GB ߣ GO5 ߢߪᬌ಴㒢⸘▚ߢ᳞߼ߚ‫ޕ‬᷷ᴰ᳓ߦṁሽߒߡ޿ࠆᏗࠟࠬࠍಽᨆߔࠆ

⇇એਅߢ޽ߞߚ‫ޕ‬GO5 ߪ GB ߦᦨ߽ㄭ޿૏⟎ߦሽ࿷ߔߚ߼ߦ‫ޔ‬㌃▤ߦ⹜ᢱ᳓ࠍᵃ߇౉ࠄߥ޿ࠃ߁ߦᵈᗧߒߡዉࠆྃ᳇ߢ޽ࠆ‫ޕ‬౉ߒ‫ޔ‬㌃▤ߩਔ┵ࠍࠢ࡜ࡦࡊߢ࿶⌕ኽශߒߚ‫ޕ‬‫ޓ‬N2 ߪ‫ޔ‬GY2‫ޔ‬GO8 ߢ 500 µmol/mol એ਄ߩ㜞޿Ớᐲࠍ‫ޓ‬᷷ᴰ᳓ߩ㒶ࠗࠝࡦ⚵ᚑߪ‫ࠃߦࡈ࡜ࠣ࠻ࡑࡠࠢࡦࠝࠗޔ‬␜ߒߚ߇‫ߩߎޔ‬ේ࿃ߪ‫ޔ‬ⓨ᳇ߩᷙ౉ߢ޽ࠆน⢻ᕈ߇㜞ࠅಽᨆߒߚ‫ޕ‬᷷ᴰ᳓ߩ㓁ࠗࠝࡦߩౝ‫ޔ‬Na ߣ K ߩỚᐲߪ޿‫ޔࠄߥߗߥޕ‬O2 Ớᐲࠍ⷗ࠆߣ‫ޔ‬GY2 ߣ GO8 ߢߩߺᬌේሶๆశశᐲᴺߦࠃࠅ᷹ቯߒߚ‫ࠇߎޕ‬એᄖߩ㓁ࠗࠝࡦỚ಴ߐࠇߡ߅ࠅ‫ࠇߘޔ‬એᄖߩྃ᳇ߢߪᬌ಴ߐࠇߡ޿ߥ޿‫ޕ‬ᐲ‫ࠞ࡝ࠪޔ‬Ớᐲߪ‫ޔ‬ICP ⊒శಽᨆᴺߦࠃࠅ᷹ቯߒߚ‫ޕ‬᳓

O2 ߪ࿾Ზౝߩ㉄ൻㆶర᧦ઙߢߪሽ࿷ߒ߃ߥ޿ൻቇ⒳ߢ

⹜ᢱߩ pH ߪታ㛎ቶߢ‫ޔ‬Orion ␠ߩ pH ⶄว㔚ᭂࠍ↪޿ߡ޽ࠅ‫ޔ‬O2 ࠟࠬߩᬌ಴ߪ‫⹜ޔ‬ᢱណขᤨߦ߅ߌࠆⓨ᳇ᷙ౉25͠ߦ߅޿ߡ᷹ቯߒߚ‫ޕ‬ߩ⸽᜚ߢ޽ࠆ‫ޕ‬⴫ ‫ޓ‬Ἣጊࠟࠬߦ฽߹ࠇࠆ *21㧘%12 ߩ቟ቯห૏૕ᲧߣᏗࠟࠬ⚵ᚑ㧚ᏗࠟࠬߩỚᐲߩන૏ߪ㧘vOQNOQN㧚
6CDNG5VCDNGKUQVQRGTCVKQUQH*21CPF%12YKVJVJGEQPEGPVTCVKQPQHTCTGICUGUKPICUUCORNGU䃊DSMOW 䃊18OSMOW 䃊13CPDB
‰
‰
‰
GO1
2005/8/3
-69
-11.8
-0.3
GO2
2005/8/3
-43
-5.2
0.5
GO3
2005/10/21
-51
-6.5
-2.1
GO4
2005/10/21
-53
-6.8
-2.5
GO5
2005/10/25
-40
1.4
-0.8
GO6
2005/10/25
-39
-0.1
-1.2
GO7
2005/10/25
-86
-9.8
-2.3
GO8
2005/11/1
-75
-12.2
-1.1
GB
2005/10/25
-32
0.6
-1.1
GS1
2005/11/1
-61
-4.6
-1.2
GS2
2005/11/1
-57
-4.3
-1.1
GY1
2005/11/8
-58
-6.7
-4.3
GY2
2006/1/10
-49
-6.4
-2.5
㻷㼋㼈㻃㼘㼑㼌㼗㻃㼒㼉㻃㼕㼄㼕㼈㻃㼊㼄㼖㻃㼆㼒㼑㼆㼈㼑㼗㼕㼄㼗㼌㼒㼑㻃㼌㼖㻃㼌㼑㻃䃒㼐㼒㼏㻒㼐㼒㼏Sample

4

Date

He

1.98E-02
3.30E-02
1.16E-02
8.09E-03
2.17E-02
1.19E-02
3.13E-02
6.11E-02
1.76E-02
1.58E-02
3.26E-02
5.08E-03

20

Ne

5.60E-04
4.53E-04
2.80E-04
2.75E-04
1.78E-04
3.62E-04
6.96E-04
8.00E-03
1.23E-03
1.34E-03
3.86E-04
2.99E-04

36

40

Ar

Ar

3.36E-03
2.02E-03
1.02E-03
1.34E-03
5.95E-04
1.03E-03
3.68E-03
1.74E-02
2.43E-03
1.81E-03
2.20E-03
1.55E-03

1.00E+00
6.18E-01
3.09E-01
3.97E-01
1.84E-01
3.09E-01
1.11E+00
5.18E+00
7.27E-01
5.35E-01
6.67E-01
4.63E-01
2.75E+01

84

132

Kr

1.41E-04
7.47E-05
3.62E-05
4.94E-05
2.06E-05
3.17E-05
1.44E-04
4.13E-04
6.07E-05
4.52E-05
9.30E-05
5.90E-05

Xe

1.06E-05
5.05E-06
2.66E-06
3.79E-06
1.87E-06
2.12E-06
9.82E-06
1.89E-05
3.58E-06
3.14E-06
7.04E-06
4.17E-06

3

He/4He
x10-6
9.2
9.1
9.5
9.0
8.9
8.7
9.2
8.9
8.8
8.2
9.1
9.0

‫ޓ‬7DEOH 3 ߦࠟࠬ⹜ᢱߩ቟ቯห૏૕ᲧߣᏗࠟࠬ⚵ᚑࠍ␜ᢱߢૐߊ‫ޔ‬9 mg/l એਅߢ޽ߞߚ‫ߦࠇߎޕ‬ኻߒ‫ޔ‬SO42- Ớߔ‫ ޕ‬H2O ߩǬ 18O ߪ‫ޔ‬GO1‫ޔ‬GO7‫ޔ‬GO8 ࠍ㒰޿ߡ‫▫ޔ‬ᐲߪߤߩ⹜ᢱߢ߽㜞ߊ‫ޔ‬440 mg/l એ਄ࠍ␜ߒ‫ޔ‬WS1 ߪᩮ ࿾ ၞ ߩ ዪ ࿾ ᄤ ᳓ ߩ ୯㧔0DWVXR et al., 1985㧕‫ޔ‬-8.5 ‰ᦨ㜞୯ߣߒߡ‫ޔ‬9600 mg/l ߦ㆐ߒߚ‫ޕ‬ṁሽ H2S ߩỚᐲߪ‫ޔ‬ࠃࠅ߽㜞޿㧔Fig. 5 ߩ /0: ߇ዪ࿾ᄤ᳓㧕‫ޕ‬GB‫ޔ‬GO5‫ޔ‬

WY1 ߢᦨ߽㜞ߊ‫ޔ‬32 mg/l ߦ㆐ߒߚ‫ߩߎޕ‬᷷ᴰߪ㆏〝

18

GO6 ߪઁߩࠟࠬߦኻߒߡ㗼⪺ߦ㜞޿Ǭ O ࠍ␜ߒߡ޿

ࠊ߈߆ࠄḝ಴ߒߡ޿ࠆ᷷ᴰߢ‫ޔ‬ᒝ޿ H2S ⥇ࠍ᡼ߞߡ޿

ࠆ‫ߩߎޕ‬㧟ߟߩ⹜ᢱߪ‫ޔ‬ㄭធߒߡ޿ࠆ㧔Fig. 4㧕
‫ޕ‬GB‫ޔ‬ߚ‫ޕ‬WY1 ߩ H2S Ớᐲߦ඘ᢜߔࠆߩߪ‫ޔ‬WS1 ߩߺߢ޽ࠅ‫ޔ‬GO5‫ޔ‬GO6 ߪǬ D ߦ㑐ߒߡ߽ઁߩࠟࠬ⹜ᢱࠃࠅ߽㜞޿ߘࠇએᄖߩ᷷ᴰ᳓ߩ H2S Ớᐲߪ‫ޔ‬6 mg/l એਅߢ޽ߞߚ‫ޕ‬୯ࠍ␜ߒߡ޿ࠆ‫ޕ‬

WS1 ߪᦨ߽ pH㧔=1.57㧕ߩૐ޿᷷ᴰ᳓ߢ޽ࠅ‫ޔ‬0Q‫ޔ‬Fe‫ޔ‬‫ޓ‬Ꮧࠟࠬ⚵ᚑߦ㑐ߒߡߪ‫ޔ‬୘೎ߩỚᐲߛߌࠍ⷗ߡ߽‫ߥޔ‬

0J‫ޔ‬Ca‫ޔ‬$O ߩỚᐲ߇ᦨ㜞୯ࠍ␜ߒߚ‫ޕ‬WS2 ߪ pH ߇ᦨ߆ߥ߆᣿⏕ߥ․ᓽ߇⷗߃ߡߎߥ޿‫ޕ‬Ꮧࠟࠬߩ⚵ᚑߦ㑐ߒ߽㜞ߊ㧔=4.65㧕
‫ޔ‬$O Ớᐲߪ‫ޔ‬0.17 mg/l ߣᦨૐ୯ࠍ␜ߒߚ‫ޕ‬ߡߪ‫ޔ‬ઃ㍳ߦ߅޿ߡ⹦⚦ߦᏗࠟࠬỚᐲ㑆ߩ⋧㑐ࠍᬌ⸛ߔ

SiO2 Ớᐲߪઁߩ㓁ࠗࠝࡦỚᐲߦᲧセߒߡᄌേ᏷߇ዊߐ

34

ࠆ‫ ޕ‬He / He ߦ㑐ߒߡߪ᣿⏕ߥ․ᓽ߇ߺࠄࠇࠆ‫ߩߡోޕ‬-6-6⹜ᢱ߇‫ޔ‬8×10 એ਄ߩ୯ࠍ␜ߒ‫ޔ‬8.2 㨪 9.5×10 ߩ⁜޿-6ߊ‫ޔ‬217 㨪 363 mg/l ߩ᏷ߦ෼߹ߞߚ‫ޕ‬‫ޓ‬7DEOH 5 ߦ᷷ᴰ᳓ߩห૏૕ᲧߣṁሽᏗࠟࠬ⚵ᚑࠍ␜ߔ‫ޕ‬▸࿐ߦ෼߹ߞߚ‫ߩࠄࠇߎޕ‬୯ߪⓨ᳇ߩ୯‫ޔ‬1.4×10 ߦᲧ᳓⹜ᢱߩǬ 18O ߪోߡ‫▫ޔ‬ᩮ࿾ၞߩዪ࿾ᄤ᳓ߩ୯ߢ޽セߒߡ㗼⪺ߦ㜞޿‫ޕ‬

ࠆ -8.5̟ࠃࠅ߽㜞޿୯ࠍ␜ߒߚ‫ޕ‬Ǭ D ߦ㑐ߒߡ߽‫ޔ‬㧟ߟ
㧔WY1‫ޔ‬WO3‫ޔ‬WO4㧕ࠍ㒰޿ߡ‫ޔ‬ዪ࿾ᄤ᳓ߩ୯ߢ޽ࠆ

 ᷷ᴰ᳓ߩಽᨆ⚿ᨐ-53̟㧔0DWVXR et al., 1985㧕ࠃࠅ߽㜞޿୯ࠍ␜ߒߚ‫․ޕ‬ ᷷ᴰ᳓ߩൻቇ⚵ᚑࠍ 7DEOH 4 ߦ␜ߔ‫⹜ߩߡోޕ‬ᢱߩ pH-

߇ 4.7 એਅߢ޽ࠅ‫㉄ޔ‬ᕈࠍ␜ߒߚ‫ޕ‬Cl Ớᐲߪోߡߩ⹜

ߦ‫ޔ‬WO2‫ޔ‬WO9‫ޔ‬WS1 ߩǬ D ߪ‫ޔ‬቟ጊጤ⾰Ἣጊߩࡑࠣ
ࡑᕈࠟࠬߦ․᦭ߥ୯㧔Giggenbach, 1992㧕ߢ޽ࠆ -30 㨪⴫ ‫ޓ‬᷷ᴰ᳓ߩൻቇ⚵ᚑ㧚ᚑಽỚᐲߩන૏ߪ OIl 㧚
6CDNG%JGOKECNEQORQUKVKQPQHYCVGT

H2S_aqpH
SO42ClNa+
K+
WO1
2.45
2.3
989
2.5
21
2.4
WO2
2.09
3.3
1840
5.6
7.1
0.9
WO3
2.59
2.1
1100
0.29
42
5.1
WO4
2.29
2.6
893
1.2
10
1.4
WO5
2.54
4.7
1550
4.3
93
9.7
WO6
2.53
3.1
905
0.88
43
3.9
WO7
3.34
2.6
445
1.2
33
5.7
WO8
1.99
3.5
2760
0.10
19
1.3
WO9
2.11
1.3
2080
2.9
7.5
0.4
WS1
1.57
8.5
9580
22.1
75
4.5
WS2
4.65
1.5
1330
1.4
87
11.4
WY1
2.28
6.1
798
31.5
23
3.1
The unit of concentration for each composition is in mg/kg.



Mn2+
2.10
0.99
4.95
0.96
3.30
2.31
1.33
4.66
1.63
14.8
8.06
0.92

Fe2+
43
132
31
30
57
34
1.6
144
71
361
7.1
6.7

Mg2+
27
17
84
23
70
42
32
69
26
245
121
15

Ca2+
54
37
124
46
175
94
68
106
48
434
196
54

Al3+
29
126
8.1
44
45
14
2.4
171
184
607
0.17
22

SiO2
253
232
314
220
294
327
281
314
233
363
217
229

࿑  Ἣጊࠟࠬߣ᷷ᴰ᳓ߩ *21 ቟ቯห૏૕Ყ㧚25㧘29 ߪࡑࠣࡑᕈ⫳᳇㧔/8㧘͠㧕ߣዪ࿾ᄤ᳓㧔./9㧘͠㧕߇ᷙวߒߡ⊒↢ߔࠆ ͠ߩ⫳᳇ߣᾲ᳓㧚O8 ߪᄤ᳓߇ᴣ㛛ߒߚ႐วߦ⊒↢ߔࠆ⫳᳇ߩ▸࿐㧚%QPFGPUCVKQP ߪ⫳᳇߇಄ළߒߡㇱಽ⊛ߦ᳓ࠍᄬ߁႐วߩᱷߐࠇߚ⫳᳇ߩห૏૕Ყ㧚
18(KIǬ &XUǬ 1QHICUCPFYCVGTUCORNGU25CPF29KUVJGUVGCOCPFYCVGTQH͠ TGURGEVKXGN[YJKEJ
CTGHQTOGFCHVGTVJGOKZKPIQHJKIJVGORGTCVWTGOCIOCVKEICUCV͠ /8 CPFEQNFOGVGQTKEYCVGTQH͠
./9 /8KPFKECVGUVJGTCPIGQHVJGKUQVQRGTCVKQQHVJGXCRQTTGUWNVKPIHTQOVJGDQKNKPIQH./96JG
EQPFGPUCVKQPUKIPKHKGUCEJCPIGKPKUQVQRGTCVKQQHXCRQTYKVJCRCTVKCNTGOQXCNQHYCVGTFWGVQEQQNKPI

-10̟ߦ඘ᢜߔࠆ‫ޕ‬ṁሽᏗࠟࠬߦ㑐ߒߡߪ‫ޔ‬3He / 4He Ყߪ‫ޔ‬㜞޿୯ࠍ␜ߔߦㆊ߉ߥ޿‫ޕ‬ࠟࠬ⹜ᢱߦᲧߴߡૐߊ‫ޔ‬WO5‫ޔ‬WO6 ߢᄢ᳇ߩ୯ߢ޽ࠆ
1.4×10-6㧔Ozima and Podosek, 2002㧕ࠃࠅ߽㜞޿୯ࠍ␜ߒߚ߽ߩߩ‫ޔ‬ᄢඨߩ⹜ᢱߪᄢ᳇ߩ୯߆‫⧯߽ࠅࠃࠇߘޔ‬ᐓ⴫ ‫ޓ‬᷷ᴰ᳓ߩ቟ቯห૏૕ᲧߣṁሽᏗࠟࠬỚᐲ㧚ṁሽᏗࠟࠬỚᐲߩන૏ߪ  ࠣ࡜ࡓߩ᳓ߦṁ⸃ߒߡ޿ࠆᏗࠟࠬࠍ᛽
಴ߒߡ㧝᳇࿶ ͠ߦ଻ߞߚ႐วߩ૕Ⓧ㧔ON㧕㧚
6CDNG5VCDNGKUVQRGTCVKQQHYCVGTCPFTCTGICUGUFKUUQNXGFKPYCVGT
20
36
40
84
132
3
4
țDSMOW ț18OSMOW
Ar
He
Ne
Ar
Kr
Xe
He/4He
‰
‰
x10-6
WO1
-50
-6.2
9.66E-09 2.19E-08 7.52E-08 2.20E-05 2.16E-09 1.14E-10
1.68
WO2
-14
4.3
WO3
-56
-7.8
WO4
-53
-6.3
3.70E-08 1.15E-07 5.09E-07 1.50E-04 1.69E-08 9.55E-10
1.58
WO5
-39
-3.9
5.44E-09 7.18E-09 4.44E-08 1.30E-05 1.81E-09 1.61E-10
4.54
WO6
-49
-5.9
1.23E-09 1.87E-09 1.23E-08 3.60E-06 5.99E-10 7.23E-11
2.43
WO7
-40
-4.4
4.20E-09 1.07E-08 6.16E-08 1.82E-05 2.25E-09 1.70E-10
1.73
WO8
-44
-6.2
3.32E-08 8.58E-08 2.80E-07 8.24E-05 7.93E-09 4.09E-10
1.74
WO9
-2.9
2.4
1.30E-08 3.53E-08 1.04E-07 3.03E-05 2.83E-09 1.53E-10
1.48
WS1
-14
2.9
6.82E-09 1.21E-08 5.98E-08 1.78E-05 2.43E-09 2.27E-10
2.01
WS2
-37
-2.9
2.05E-09 3.15E-09 2.32E-08 6.82E-06 1.11E-09 1.25E-10
1.97
WY1
-59
-7.8
5.64E-07 2.13E-06 4.34E-06 1.29E-03 9.84E-08 4.52E-09
1.50
The unit of the dissolved rare gas component is in the volume (mi) as gaseous state under standard㼆㼒㼑㼇㼌㼗㼌㼒㼑㻃㻋㻔㼄㼗㼐㻃㻕㻘䉔㻌㻃㼚㼋㼌㼆㼋㻃㼌㼖㻃㼇㼌㼖㼖㼒㼏㼙㼈㼇㻃㼌㼑㻃㼒㼑㼈㻃㼊㼕㼄㼐㻃㼒㼉㻃㼚㼄㼗㼈㼕㻑Sample ⠨ኤ

․ቯߩ⹜ᢱߦߟ޿ߡ‫ޔ‬ห᭽ߥ௑ะ߇⷗ࠄࠇࠆߥࠄᡰᜬߐ

 Ἣጊࠟࠬߩൻቇ⊛ㅴൻࠇࠆ߆߽⍮ࠇߥ޿‫ߪߣࠇߎޕ‬೎ߦ‫౒ޔ‬ㅢߩ CO2/4He Ყ߆‫ޓ‬ઃ㍳ߦ߅޿ߡ⺰ߓࠆࠃ߁ߦ‫ޔ‬4He ߪἫጊࠟࠬߩਛߦ฽

ࠄᄖࠇࠆ⹜ᢱߪ‫౒ޔߪߣ߽ߣ߽ޔ‬ㅢߩ CO2/4He Ყࠍ᦭ߒ߹ࠇࠆᏗࠟࠬᚑಽߣߒߡߪ‫⿠ࡑࠣࡑޔ‬Ḯߢ޽ࠅ‫ߟ߆ޔ‬࿾ߡ޿ߚ߇‫ޔ‬૗ࠄ߆ߩലᨐࠍฃߌߡ‫ޔ‬CO2/4He Ყ߇ᄌൻߒ

ਅࠍ⒖േߔࠆ㑆ߦ‫ޔ‬ൻቇ෻ᔕߦ㑐ਈߒߥ޿ߩߢ‫ޔ‬ᷫዋߔߚߣ߽⠨߃ࠄࠇࠆ‫ޕ‬ᓟ⠪ߩ⠨߃ᣇߢߪ‫ޔߦࠄߐޔ‬ㆊ೾ߥࠆߎߣ߇ߥ޿‫⊒ࠄ߆ࡑࠣࡑߦ߼ߚߩߘޕ‬ᢔߔࠆ‛⾰ߩౝHe ߇ઃടߐࠇߡ޿ࠆ߆‫ޔ‬CO2 ߇ᱷࠅߩࠟࠬߣߪ⇣ߥࠆἫጊࠟࠬߦ฽߹ࠇࠆᚑಽߩჇᷫࠍ⺰ߓࠆ਄ߢၮḰߣߥࠆ⿠Ḯࠍ᦭ߔࠆ߆‫ߩ߆ࠄࠎߥޔߪ޿ࠆ޽ޔ‬ലᨐࠍฃߌߡ‫ޔ‬‫଻ޟ‬ሽᚑಽ‫ߡߒߣޠ‬೑↪ߔࠆߎߣ߇น⢻ߢ޽ࠆ‫ޕ‬రߩ CO2 ߩ㊂߇ᷫዋߒߚߎߣߦߥࠆ‫ޕ‬He ߩઃടߦߟ޿

4‫ޓ‬Fig. 6 ߪ log(CO2/H2O ߣ log( He/H2O ߩ⋧㑐ࠍ␜ߒߡߪ‫ޔ‬GS2 ߣ GO2 ߇ઁࠃࠅ߽ 4He ߦንࠎߢ޿ࠆ௑ะߪ

ߡ޿ࠆ‫ޕ‬࿑ߦ߅޿ߡ‫ޔ‬log($% ߪࠟࠬ㧭ߩ㧮ߦኻߔࠆ⷗ࠄࠇߥ޿㧔ઃ㍳㧝ෳᾖ㧧Fig. $㧕‫⿠ࠆߥ⇣ޕ‬Ḯࠍ᦭ߔࡕ࡞ᲧߩᏱ↪ኻᢙࠍᗧ๧ߒߡ޿ࠆ‫⹜ࠬࠟޕ‬ᢱߩᄙߊߪ

ࠆน⢻ᕈߣߒߡǬ 13C ࠍᲧセߒߡ߽‫ߩࠄࠇߎޔ‬ੑߟߩࠟ௑߈ 1 ߩ⋥✢ߩㄭㄝߦಽᏓߒߡ޿ࠆ‫ޔߒ߆ߒ ޕ‬GS2 ߣࠬߦ․ᓽߪ⷗ࠄࠇߥ޿‫ޔߢߎߘޕ‬ GS2 ߣ GO2 ߦర᧪฽GO2 ߪ⋥✢ߩਅߦ‫ޔ‬GY1 ߪ⋥✢ߩ਄ᣇߦࡊࡠ࠶࠻ߐࠇ

߹ࠇߡ޿ߚ CO2 ߇ߥࠎࠄ߆ߩലᨐࠍฃߌߡᷫዋߒߚߣ

ߡ޿ࠆ‫ߩ✢⋥ޕ‬㨥ゲಾ⠨߃ࠆߩ߇ㆡᒰߛࠈ߁‫ޕ‬GY1 ߦߟ޿ߡߪ‫⿠ࡑࠣࡑޔ‬Ḯߦߪ‫ޔ‬GS2‫ޔ‬GO2‫ޔ‬GY1 ࠍ㒰޿

4એᄖߩ CO2 ߩઃട߇޽ߞߚߩ߆߽ߒࠇߥ޿‫ޕ‬ߚ⹜ᢱߩ log(CO2/ He ߩᐔဋ୯ࠍ↪޿ߡ޿ࠆ‫⹜ࠬࠟޕ‬13

ᢱߩ CO2 ߩǬ C ߪ‫ޔ‬-4.3 㨪 +0.5̟ߩ▸࿐ߦ޽ࠅ㧔7DEOH‫ޓ‬Fig. 7 ߦ log(H2S/H2O ߣ log(4He/H2O ߩ⋧㑐ࠍ␜ߔ‫ޕ‬

3㧕‫ޔ‬ߎߩ୯ߪἫጊ⿠Ḯߩ CO2 ߣߒߡ৻⥸⊛ߥ▸࿐ߢ޽ࠆ‫ޕ‬࿑㧣GO2‫ޔ‬GO3‫ޔ‬GO8 ࠍ㒰ߊߣ‫⹜ࠬࠟޔ‬ᢱߪ‫ޔ‬௑߈㧝એ਄߆ࠄ‫ޔ‬ၮᧄ⊛ߦ CO2 ߪࡑࠣࡑߦ↱᧪ߔࠆᚑಽߢ޽ࠅ‫ޔ‬ߩ⋥✢ߩㄭㄝߦಽᏓߒߡ߅ࠅ‫౒ޔ‬ㅢߩ H2S/4He Ყࠍ᦭ߔCO2 / 4He Ყߪ‫ޔ‬3 ߟߩ⹜ᢱࠍ㒰޿ߡ߶߷౒ㅢߩ୯ࠍ᦭ߔ

ࠆḮߩሽ࿷ࠍᥧ␜ߒߡ޿ࠆ‫ \ ߩ✢⋥ޕ‬ゲಾߪ‫ޔ‬GO2‫ޔ‬

4ࠆߣ⸒߃ࠆߛࠈ߁‫ޕ‬

GO3‫ޔ‬GO8 ࠍ㒰ߊ⹜ᢱߩ log(H2S / He ߩᐔဋ୯ߦ⋧ᒰ‫ޓ‬GS2 ߣ GO2 ߇⋥✢ߩਅᣇߦ૏⟎ߔࠆߎߣߩ⸃㉼ߣߒߔࠆ‫ޕ‬Fig. 7 ߦ߅޿ߡ‫ޔ‬௑߈㧝ߩ⎕✢ߦኻߔࠆ \ ゲᣇߡߪ‫ޔ‬ੑㅢࠅߩ⠨߃ᣇ߇޽ࠅ߁ࠆ‫౒ޔߪߟߣ߭ޕ‬ㅢߩะߩ〒㔌߇ H2S/4He Ყߩᄢዊߦኻᔕߒߡ޿ࠆ‫߽ᦨޕ‬㜞޿

CO2 / 4He Ყ߆ࠄᄖࠇࠆ⹜ᢱ߇‫⿠ࠆߥ⇣ޔ‬Ḯࠍᜬߟߣ⠨H2S/4He ࠍ᦭ߔࠆߩߪ‫ޔ‬GB ߢ޽ࠅ‫ޔ‬GS1‫ޔ‬GY1 ߇ߘࠇ߃ࠆ‫ߩߎޕ‬⠨߃ᣇߪ‫ޔ‬઒ߦ CO2 એᄖߩᚑಽߦߟ޿ߡ߽‫ޔ‬ߦ⛯ߊ‫ޕ‬GO8 ߩ H2S/4He Ყߪ㕖Ᏹߦૐ޿‫ޕ‬GO8 ߪᄢᶗ࿑  Ἣጊࠟࠬߩ %12*21 ࡕ࡞Ყߣ *G*21 ࡕ࡞Ყߩ⋧㑐㧚⎕✢ߪ NQI %12*G  ߩ⚵ᚑࠍ␜ߒߡ޿ࠆ㧚(KI%QTTGNCVKQPDGVYGGP%12*21OQNCTTCVKQCPF *G*21OQNCTTCVKQKPXQNECPKEICUGU6JGFCUJGFNKPGUJQYUVJGEQORQUKVKQPQHICUCVHQTNQI %12*G ࿑  Ἣጊࠟࠬߩ *25*21 ࡕ࡞Ყߣ *G*21 ࡕ࡞Ყߩ⋧㑐㧚⎕✢ߪ NQI *25*G  ߩ⚵ᚑࠍ␜ߒߡ޿ࠆ㧚(KI%QTTGNCVKQPDGVYGGP*25*21OQNCTTCVKQCPF *G*21OQNCTTCVKQKPXQNECPKEICUGU6JGFCUJGFNKPGUJQYUVJGEQORQUKVKQPQHICUCVHQTNQI *25*G ⼱ർ஥ߦᦨㄭߦߥࠅ಴⃻ߒߚྃ᳇ߢ޽ࠆ‫ ޕ‬GO8 ߦߪ㉄$LXSSD et al. (2005 ߦࠃࠆߣ‫ޔ‬H2S ߩⓨ᳇㉄ൻߩㅦᐲߪ

⚛߇฽߹ࠇߡ޿ࠆߩߢ H2S ߇ⓨ᳇㉄ൻߐࠇߡ SO2 ߦォㆃߊ‫ޔ‬H2S ߇ྃ᳇ሹ಴ญߢⓨ᳇ߣᷙวߔࠆߎߣߦࠃࠅ㉄឵ߒߚน⢻ᕈ߽޽ࠆ‫ ߒ߆ߒޕ‬GO8 ߩ SO2 ߇ H2S ߢ޽ߞൻߐࠇࠆߎߣߪߥ޿‫ޕ‬GO8 ߩ㉄⚛ߪណขߩ㓙ߦᷙ౉ߒ4ߚߣ⠨߃ߡ߽ GO8 ߩ H2S/ He ߩዋߥߐߪ㓙┙ߞߡ޿ࠆ‫ޕ‬ߚߩߢ‫ ࠅࠃߦ⚛㉄ޔ‬H2S ߇㉄ൻߐࠇߚน⢻ᕈߪૐ޿‫ޕ‬࿑  Ἣጊࠟࠬߩ *2*21 ࡕ࡞Ყߣ *G*21 ࡕ࡞Ყߩ⋧㑐㧚⎕✢ߪ NQI *2*G  ߩ⚵ᚑࠍ␜ߒߡ޿ࠆ㧚(KI%QTTGNCVKQPDGVYGGP*2*21OQNCTTCVKQCPF*G*21OQNCTTCVKQKPXQNECPKEICUGU6JGFCUJGFNKPGUJQYUVJG
EQORQUKVKQPQHICUCVHQTNQI *2*G 





࿑  Ἣጊࠟࠬߩ %**21 ࡕ࡞Ყߣ *G*21 ࡕ࡞Ყߩ⋧㑐㧚)$ ߣ )1 ߪ %* Ớᐲ߇ᬌ಴㒢⇇એਅߛߞߚߩߢ㧘ଢቱ⊛ߦ Z ゲ਄ߦࡊࡠ࠶࠻ߒߡ޽ࠆ㧚

(KI   %QTTGNCVKQP DGVYGGP VJG %**21 OQNCT TCVKQ CPF VJG *G*21  OQNCT TCVKQ KP VJG XQNECPKE ICUGU 5KPEG
VJG %* EQPEGPVTCVKQP KP )$ CPF )1 YCU NGUU VJCP VJG FGVGEVKQP NKOKV VJG EQPEGPVTCVKQP RQKPVU YGTGCTDKVTCTKN[RNQVVGFQPVJGZCZKU‫ޓ‬Fig. 8 ߦ H2/H2O Ყߣ 4He/H2O Ყߩ⋧㑐ࠍ␜ߔ‫ޕ‬GS1
ߣ GB ߪ‫ߦࠬࠟߩઁޔ‬Ყセߒߡ‫ޔ‬㗼⪺ߦ H2/H2O Ყ߇ૐ
4

H2S ߩᷫዋ

޿‫ߩߎޕ‬ੑߟߩࠟࠬࠍ㒰ߊߣ‫ޔ‬log(H2/H2O ߣ log( He/

H2 ߩჇട

H2O ߩ㑆ߦᒙ޿⋧㑐߇⷗߃ࠆ‫ޕ‬Fig. 9 ߦ CH4/H2O Ყߣ

CH4 ߩჇട

4

He/H2O Ყߩ⋧㑐ࠍ␜ߔ‫ޕ‬GB ߣ GO5 ߪ CH4 Ớᐲ߇ᬌ಴㒢⇇એਅߢ޽ࠅ‫ޔ‬ଢቱ⊛ߦ㨤ゲ਄ߦࡊࡠ࠶࠻ߒߡ޽ࠆ‫ޕ‬
4ߎࠇࠄߩ૞↪߇ᦨ߽ᄢ߈ߊ⃻ࠇߡ޿ࠆߩߪ GO8 ߢ޽ࠅ‫ޔ‬

CH4/H2O Ყߣ He/H2O Ყߩ㑆ߦߪ‫ޔ‬᣿⏕ߥ⋧㑐߇⹺߼ࠄ૞↪߇ᦨ߽ዊߐ޿ߩߪ GB ߢ޽ࠆ‫ޕ‬GS1 ߪ H2/H2O Ყ߇ࠇߥ޿‫ޕ‬

ૐߊ‫ޔ‬H2S/He Ყ߇㜞޿ߥߤ‫ޔ‬GB ߦㄭ޿․ᓽࠍᜬߞߡ޿
4‫ޓ‬ฦᚑಽߣ He Ớᐲߩ⋧㑐߆ࠄએਅߩߎߣ߇⸒߃ࠆߛࠈ

ࠆ߇‫ޔ‬CH4 ࠍ฽ࠎߢ޿ࠆ‫ޕ‬GO5 ߪ‫ޔ‬CH4 ߇ᬌ಴㒢⇇એ

H2O ߩห૏૕Ყ߇㜞޿
㧔Fig.
߁‫ޕ‬GB ߪ SO2‫ޔ‬HCl ࠍ฽᦭ߒ‫ޔ‬

H2O ߩห૏૕Ყ߇ GB ߦ඘ᢜߔࠆ߶ߤ㜞޿ਅߢ޽ࠅ‫ޔ‬㧔Fig.

5㧕‫ߦࠄߐޕ‬ㆶర⊛ⅣႺߢઍ⴫⊛ߥᚑಽߢ޽ࠆ H2‫ޔ‬CH4

5㧕
‫ ߦࠄߐޕ‬GO5 ߪ GB ߦ߽ߞߣ߽ㄭ޿႐ᚲߦ૏⟎ߒߡỚᐲ߇㕖Ᏹߦૐߊ‫㉄ޔ‬ൻ⊛ߥⅣႺࠍ෻ᤋߒߡ޿ࠆ‫⥸৻ޕ‬޿ࠆ‫ޔߒ߆ߒޕ‬GO5 ߩ H2/H2O Ყߪ߆ߥࠅ㜞޿୯ࠍ␜ߔ‫ޕ‬⊛ߦ‫ࡑࠣࡑޔ‬ᕈߩࠟࠬ߇಄ළߒߚ႐ว‫ޔ‬SO2 ߣ H2S ߩ㉄‫⹜ࠬࠟޔߢߎߎޓ‬ᢱߩ H2/H2O Ყ߇ߤߩࠃ߁ߥⷐ࿃ߦ

ൻㆶరኻߦࠃࠅ㉄ൻ⊛ⅣႺ߇ᒻᚑߐࠇࠆ㧔Giggenbach,ࠃࠅᡰ㈩ߐࠇߡ޿ࠆ߆⠨߃ߡߺࠆ‫ޕ‬H2/H2O ᲧߩᏱ↪ኻ

1987㧕
‫ ࠅ߹ߟޕ‬GB ߪࠟࠬ⹜ᢱߩߥ߆ߢߪ‫ࡑࠣࡑޔ‬ᕈᵹᢙߪ‫ޔ‬Giggenbach(1987 ߦࠃࠅ‫ޔ‬RH ߣቯ⟵ߐࠇ‫ޔ‬Ἣጊ૕ߦᦨ߽ㄭ޿․ᓽࠍ␜ߒ‫ޔ‬ᄌ⾰ߩᐲว޿߇ዊߐ޿ࠟࠬ

ࠟࠬߩ㉄ൻㆶరࡐ࠹ࡦࠪࡖ࡞ߩ᦭ലߥᜰᮡߣߐࠇߡ޿

ߢ޽ࠆߣ⸒߃ࠆ‫ߦࠇߎޕ‬ኻߒ‫ޔ‬GO8 ߪ‫ޔ‬H2 ߣ CH4 Ớᐲࠆ‫ޕ‬Fig. 10 ߦࠟࠬ⹜ᢱߩ RH ୯ߣ಴ญ᷷ᐲߩ㑐ଥࠍ␜߇㜞ߊ‫ޔ‬ㆶర⊛ߥ․ᓽࠍ߽ߜ‫ޔ‬H2S/He Ყ߇ࠟࠬ⹜ᢱߩ

ߔ‫ޕ‬Fig. 10 ߦߪ‫ ߩࠬࠟޔ‬RH ߦኻߔࠆᓇ㗀ࠍ᦭ߔࠆⶄᢙ

ਛߢᦨ߽ૐ޿‫ޕ‬ኻ⽎⊛ߦࡑࠣࡑᕈᵹ૕ߦᦨ߽ㄭ޿ GB ߪߩ✭ⴣ✢߇ឬ߆ࠇߡ޿ࠆ‫ޔߪߟߣ߭ߩߘޕ‬ጤ⍹ਛߩ Fe2+

H2S/He Ყ߇ࠟࠬ⹜ᢱߩਛߢᦨ߽㜞޿‫▫ޔߡߞࠃޕ‬ᩮࠞ

ߣ Fe3+ ߇᳿ቯߔࠆㆶర⊛ߥ✭ⴣ✢ߢ޽ࠆ㧔Giggenbach,࡞࠺࡜ਛᄩἫญਐߩᾲ᳓♽ߢ૞↪ߒߡ޿ࠆἫጊࠟࠬߩൻ

1987㧕
‫ࠅࠃߦ✢ⴣ✭ߩߎޕ‬᳿߹ࠆ RH ߪ‫ޔ‬એਅߩ෻ᔕߢ

ቇ⊛ㅴൻߪએਅߩࠃ߁ߦ߹ߣ߼ࠆߎߣ߇ߢ߈ࠆ‫ޕ‬ⷙ೙ߐࠇࠆ‫ޕ‬࿑  Ἣጊࠟࠬ⹜ᢱߩ 4H ୯ߣ᷷ᐲߩ㑐ଥ㧚⎕✢ߪ㧘(C[CNKVG*GOCVKVG3WCTV\ ߦࠃࠅ✭ⴣߐࠇࠆ 4* ୯ߩ᷷ᐲଐሽᕈࠍ␜ߔ㧚ὐ✢ߪ㧘ߘࠇߙࠇߩ᷷ᴰ᳓ߦࠃߞߡ✭ⴣߐࠇࠆ 4H ୯ߩ᷷ᐲଐሽᕈ㧚ὐ✢ߩ਄ਅ㑐ଥߪ㧘ಠ଀ߩਛߢ⸥タߐࠇߡ޿ࠆ᷷ᴰ᳓
ߩ਄ਅ㑐ଥߦኻᔕߔࠆ㧚(KI   4H XCNWG QH XQNECPKE ICUGU CPF VJG VGORGTCVWTG  6JG FCUJGF NKPG UJQYU VJG 4H XCNWG DWHHGTGF D[ VJGTGCEVKQP KP HC[CNKVG JGOCVKVG CPF SWCTV\  6JG FQVVGF EWTXGU KPFKECVG VJG 4 H XCNWG DWHHGTGF D[ VJGEQORQUKVKQP QH GCEJ JQV URTKPI YCVGT  6JG TGNCVKXG RQUKVKQP QH VJG FQVVGF EWTXGU EQTTGURQPFU VQ VJGTGNCVKXGRQUKVKQPQHGCEJJQVURTKPIYCVGTKPFKECVGFKPVJGNGIGPF

ߩ⍹ၮߦ฽߹ࠇߡ޿ࠆߣᗐቯߐࠇߡ޿ࠆ‫ޔߒ߆ߒޕ‬ᾲ
Fe2SiO4()D\DOLWH) + H2O(gas)ജቇ⊛ߥ⸘▚ࠍⴕ߁ߚ߼ߦߪ⋧߇ᔅⷐߥߩߢ‫ޔ‬ )D\DOLWH‫ =ޓޓ‬Fe2O3(Hematite) + SiO2(Quartz)+H2(gas ‫ ޓޓ‬2)

ߣ Hematite ߇ ᾲ ജ ቇ ⊛ ߥ ઍ ℂ ‛ ߣ ߒ ߡ ዉ ౉ ߐ ࠇ ߚ㧔Giggenbach, 1997㧕‫ޕ‬෻ᔕ 2 ߢ᳿߹ࠆ RH ୯ߩ᷷ᐲଐ

‫ޓ‬Ꮐㄝߩ )D\DOLWH ߪ㧞ଔߩ Fe ࠍ‫ޔ‬ฝㄝߩ Hematite ߪ㧟ሽ✢ࠍ Giggenbach(1987 ߦᓥ޿‫ޔ‬Rock-buffer ߣ๭߱ߎଔߩ Fe ࠍઍ⴫ߒߡ޿ࠆ‫ޕ‬ታ㓙ߩ࿾ਅⅣႺߢ‫ߩࠄࠇߎޔ‬ߣߦߔࠆ‫ޕ‬RH ߩ᷷ᐲଐሽᕈࠍ⸘▚ߔࠆߚ߼ߦᔅⷐߥ෻

Fe ߪᔅߕߒ߽㋶‛⋧ࠍᒻᚑߒߡ޿ࠆᔅⷐߪߥߊ‫ޔ‬ጤ⍹ᔕᐔⴧቯᢙࠍ 7DEOH 6 ߦ␜ߒߚ‫ޕ‬Fig. 10 ߦ߅޿ߡ‫ⷰޔ‬᷹⴫ ‫ޓ‬ᾲ᳓♽ߢᚑ┙ߔࠆน⢻ᕈߩ޽ࠆൻቇ෻ᔕߩᐔⴧቯᢙ㧚 I 㧘 CS ߪߘࠇߙࠇ㧘ࠟࠬ⁁ᘒ㧘ṁሽ⁁ᘒࠍ␜ߔ㧚ᐔⴧቯᢙߩ⸘
▚ߦߪ㧘*GNIGUQP  㧘*GNIGUQPGVCN  ߩ࠺࡯࠲ࠍ೑↪ߒߚ㧚
6CDNG6GORGTCVWTGFGRGPFGPEGQHGSWKNKDTKWOEQPUVCPVHQTVJGTGCEVKQPUKPXQNXGFKPJ[FTQVJGTOCNU[UVGO

log10K
150䉔
-2.23-30.62-11.21

Reaction

25䉔
60䉔
100䉔
200䉔
250䉔
㻖㻓㻓䉔
Fe2SiO4 + H2O(g) = Fe2O3 + SiO2 + H2
-1.52
-1.78
-2.01
-2.38
-2.50
-2.59
-34.63-33.00-31.72-30.05-29.84-29.95
H2S(aq) + 4H2O(g) = 4H2 + SO42- + 2H+
CH4 + 2H2O(g) = CO2 + 4H2-19.89-16.84-14.02
-8.97
-7.13
-5.60
2FeS2 + 4(CaAl2Si4O134H2O) + 7H2O =4CaSO4-106.83-94.28-82.84-71.56-62.63-55.36-49.29+ Fe2O3 + 4{Al2Si2O5(OH)4} + 8SiO2 + 15H2
4H2S + Fe2SiO4 = 2FeS2 + SiO2 + 2H2O(g) + 2H2
20.67
17.49
14.60
11.77
9.56
7.78
6.31
2+
2+
-54.35-48.56-43.07-37.65-33.49-29.54-25.74
4FeS2 + 6H + 4H2O = 4Fe + SO4 + 7H2S(aq)(g) and (aq) in the reaction equations indicate the gas and aqueous state of species. The equilibrium constants were
derived from the thermochemical data in Helgeson (1969) and Helgeson et al. (1978).

࿑  Ἣጊࠟࠬߩ 4H ߣ %*%12 Ყߩ⋧㑐㧚࿑ਛߩᢳ✢⟲ߪ㧘෻ᔕ  ߩᐔⴧ✢㧚)$ ߣ )1 ߪ %* Ớᐲ߇ᬌ಴㒢⇇એਅߛߞߚߩߢ㧘ଢቱ⊛ߦ Z ゲ਄ߦࡊࡠ࠶࠻ߒߡ޽ࠆ㧚(KI%QTTGNCVKQPDGVYGGPVJG4HXCNWGCPFVJG%*%12OQNCTTCVKQKPVJGXQNECPKEICUGU6JGNKPGUKPFKECVGVJG
EQTTGNCVKQPDGVYGGPVJG4HXCNWGCPFVJG%*%12OQNCTTCVKQGSWKNKDTCVGFKPTGCEVKQP  $GECWUGVJG%*
EQPEGPVTCVKQPKP)$CPF)1YCUNGUUVJCPVJGFGVGEVKQPNKOKVVJGEQPEGPVTCVKQPRQKPVUYGTG CTDKVTCTKN[RNQVVGFQPVJGZCZKUߐࠇߚࠟࠬ⹜ᢱߩ RH ߪ‫ޔ‬Rock-buffer ࠃࠅ߽᣿ࠄ߆ߦૐ

RH ࠍߎߎߢߪ‫ޔ‬Rock buffer ߦኻᲧߒߡ‫ޔ‬Fluid buffer ߣ޿ RH ୯ࠍ␜ߒߡ޿ࠆ‫ޕ‬๭߱ߎߣߔࠆ‫ޕ‬Fig. 10 ߦ߅޿ߡ‫ޔ‬Fluid buffer ߪࠟࠬߩ‫ޓ‬ਛᄩἫญਐߩ࿾ᾲ࿾Ꮺߢߪ‫ྃޔ‬᳇ߦ઻޿᷷ᴰ᳓ࠍ᡼಴

RH ୯ࠃࠅ߽ૐߊ‫㉄ޔ‬ൻ⊛ߢ޽ࠆߎߣ߇ಽ߆ࠆ‫ޕ‬GB ߩߒߡ޿ࠆ႐ᚲ߇ᄙ޿‫▫ޕ‬ᩮጊߩ᷷ᴰ᳓ߦߪ‫⎫ޔ‬㤛ߦߟ

RH ୯ߪ‫ޔ‬Fluid buffer ߩౝߢᦨ߽ㆶర⊛ߥᦛ✢ߦធㄭߒ2-

޿ߡ㉄ൻ⊛ߥᚑಽߢ޽ࠆ SO4 ߣ‫ޔ‬ㆶర⊛ߥᚑಽߢ޽ࠆ

ߡ޿ࠆ‫ޕ‬Fig. 10 ߦ␜ߐࠇࠆࠟࠬ⹜ᢱߩ RH ୯ߩಽᏓߪ‫ޔ‬

H2S(DT 㧔DT ߪ᳓ߦṁߌߡ޿ࠆߣ޿߁ᗧ๧㧕߇฽߹ࠇߡ

ࠟࠬߩ㉄ൻㆶర⁁ᘒ߇‫㉄ޔ‬ൻ⊛ߥ Fluid buffer ߣㆶర⊛޿ࠆ‫ߩࠄࠇߎޕ‬ᚑಽ߇એਅߩ෻ᔕߢ‫㉄ޔ‬ൻㆶరኻࠍ᭴ᚑ

ߥ Rock buffer ߩ㑆ߩߖ߼߉޽޿ߢ᳿ቯߐࠇߡ޿ࠆߎߣ

ߔࠆߣ઒ቯߔࠆ‫ޕ‬ࠍᥧ␜ߒߡ޿ࠆ‫ޕ‬‫ޓ‬వߦㅀߴߚࠃ߁ߦ‫ޔ‬CH4 ߪ଻ሽᚑಽߢ޽ࠆ 4He ߦኻߒ

H2S(DT) + 4H2O(gas) = 4H2 + SO42- + 2H+‫ ޓޓޓ‬3)ߡ⋧㑐߇ૐߊ‫ࡑࠣࡑޔ‬ᚑಽߣߪ⿠Ḯ߇⇣ߥࠆࠃ߁ߦ⷗߃
ࠆ‫ޕ‬Giggenbach(1987 ߩ࿾⃿ൻቇ⊛Ἣጊᾲ᳓♽ࡕ࠺࡞ߎߩ෻ᔕߩᐔⴧቯᢙࠍ Kf ߣߔࠆߣ‫ޔ‬ߦࠃࠆߣ‫ޔ‬CH4 ߪ⋥ធࡑࠣࡑ߆ࠄ߽ߚࠄߐࠇߚ㉄ൻ⊛ߥᵹ૕ౝߦߪ߶ߣࠎߤ฽߹ࠇߡ޿ߥ޿‫ޕ‬CH4 ߪᾲ᳓♽ߦ߅log K f·§C
4 RH  log¨¨ H 2 S ¸¸  2 pH  ‫ ޓޓޓ‬4 ‫ޕ‬© C SO 4 ¹

޿ߡ Rock buffer ߦࠃࠅᡰ㈩ߐࠇࠆㆶర⊛ߥ㗔ၞߦሽ࿷ߒߡ޿ࠆ‫ߩߘޕ‬㗔ၞߪ‫㉄ޔ‬ൻ⊛ߥࡑࠣࡑᕈᵹ૕ߩ㗔ၞࠍขࠅ࿐ߺ‫ߩ⁁╴ޔ‬ಽᏓࠍߒߡ޿ࠆߣߐࠇࠆ‫ޕ‬‫ޔߢߎߎޓ‬Ci ߪ i ᚑಽߩ㊀㊂ࡕ࡞Ớᐲࠍ␜ߔ‫ޕ‬Kf ߪ᷷ᐲ‫▫ޔߪ࡞࠺ࡕߩߎޓ‬ᩮጊߩἫጊᾲ᳓♽ߢ߽ㆡ↪ߐࠇᓧࠆߩ㑐ᢙߢ޽ࠅ‫ޔ‬Helgeson (1969 ߩᾲജቇ࠺࡯࠲ߦၮߠ

ߢ޽ࠈ߁߆㧫‫ޓ‬Fig. 11 ߪ‫⹜ࠬࠟޔ‬ᢱߦߟ޿ߡ‫ޔ‬RH ୯ߣ޿ߡ⸘▚ߒߚ୯ࠍ 7DEOH 6 ߦ␜ߔ‫ޕ‬ᑼ 4 ߦࠃࠅ‫ޔ‬ฦ᳓

CH4/CO2 Ყߩ⋧㑐ࠍ␜ߒߡ޿ࠆ‫ޕ‬࿑ਛߩᢳ✢⟲ߪ‫ޔ‬એਅ⹜ᢱߩಽᨆ୯ߦၮߠ޿ߡ RH ࠍ᷷ᐲߩ㑐ᢙߣߒߡឬߊߎ

ߩ෻ᔕ߇㘻๺᳓⫳᳇࿶ਅߩ 100‫ޔ‬150‫ޔ‬200͠ߢᐔⴧߦ޽

ߣ߇ߢ߈ࠆ㧔Fig. 10㧕‫ޕ‬᷷ᴰ᳓ߩ⚵ᚑߦࠃࠅⷙ೙ߐࠇࠆ

ࠆ႐วߩ RH ୯ߣ CH4 / CO2 Ყߩ㑆ߩ㑐ଥࠍ⴫ߒߡ޿ࠆ‫ޕ‬࿑  Ἣጊࠟࠬߩ 4H ߣ *25*21 Ყߩ⋧㑐㧚࿑ਛߩ✢ߪ㧘෻ᔕ  ߩᐔⴧ✢㧚
(KI  %QTTGNCVKQP DGVYGGP VJG 4H XCNWG CPF *25*21 OQNCT TCVKQ KP VJG XQNECPKE ICUGU  6JG NKPGU KPFKECVG VJGEQTTGNCVKQPDGVYGGPVJG4HXCNWGCPFVJG*25*21OQNCTTCVKQGSWKNKDTCVGFKPTGCEVKQP  ߁ߥ⚵ᚑߩࠟࠬ߇‫ޔ‬ᾲ᳓♽ߦ㐳ߊṛ࿷ߔࠆߣ‫ޔ‬ᰴ╙ߦ෻
CH4 + 2H2O = CO2 + 4H2‫ ޓޓޓޓޓޓޓ‬5)ᔕ 5 ߦࠃࠅ CH4 ߇↢ᚑߐࠇ‫ޔ‬CH4/CO2 ߣ RH ߩ㑐ଥߪᐔⴧߦㄭߠߊߛࠈ߁‫ߥ߁ࠃߩߘޕ‬૞↪ߩ⚿ᨐߩઍ⴫ߣߒ

‫ޓ‬෻ᔕ 5 ߩᐔⴧቯᢙࠍ 7DEOH 6 ߦ␜ߒߚ‫ޕ‬GB‫ޔ‬GS1‫ޔ‬ߡ‫ޔ‬GY2 ߩࠃ߁ߥࠟࠬ߇ሽ࿷ߒߡ޿ࠆߣ⠨߃ࠄࠇࠆ‫ޕ‬

CY1‫ޔ‬GO5‫ޔ‬GO8 ߥ ߤ ߪ‫ ޔ‬෻ ᔕ 5 ߦ ߟ ޿ ߡ‫ޔ‬100-‫ޓ‬GO5‫ޔ‬GO8 ߥߤߩࠟࠬߪ 200͠ߩᐔⴧ✢߆ࠄߐࠄߦ㜞200͠ߩ▸࿐ߦ߅޿ߡ‫ޔ‬ᐔⴧ⁁ᘒ߆ࠄ㔌ࠇߡ޿ࠆ‫ࠇߎޕ‬᷷஥ߦ૏⟎ߒߡ޿ࠆߩߢ‫ޔ‬H2 ࠍㆊ೾ߦჇടߐߖࠆ૞↪

ߦኻߒ‫ޔ‬GY2 ߪ಴ญ᷷ᐲ߇ 137͠ߢ޽ࠅ‫ޔ‬150͠ߩᐔⴧ߇‫ޔ‬෻ᔕ 5 ߣߪ೎ߦሽ࿷ߒߡ߅ࠅ‫⹜ߩࠄࠇߎޔ‬ᢱߦ✢ߩㄭறߦ૏⟎ߒߡ޿ࠆߩߢ‫ޔ‬෻ᔕ 5 ߦߟ޿ߡ߶߷ᐔ

ߟ޿ߡߪ‫ޔ‬෻ᔕ 5 ߘߩ߽ߩ߇ H2 Ớᐲࠍⷙቯߒߡ޿ࠆ

ⴧߦ㆐ߒߡ޿ࠆߣ⠨߃ߡࠃ޿ߛࠈ߁‫ޕ‬ߩߢߪߥ޿ߎߣࠍᥧ␜ߒߡ޿ࠆ‫ޕ‬100͠ߩᐔⴧ✢ࠃࠅ߽‫ޓ‬GB ߣ GO5 ߩ㑐ଥߪ‫ࡑࠣࡑޔ‬ᕈᵹ૕ߩㅴൻߩㆊ⒟ࠍ⠨ૐ᷷஥ߦ૏⟎ߒ‫ ߦࠄߐޔ‬CH4 Ớᐲ߇޽ࠆ⒟ᐲ㜞޿ GS1‫ޔ‬߃ࠆ਄ߢ⥝๧ᷓ޿‫ޕ‬GO5 ߪ GB ߦᦨ߽〒㔌߇ㄭ޿ྃ᳇ߢ

GY1 ߥߤߩࠟࠬߪ‫ޔ‬෻ᔕ 5 ߦ㑐ߒߡᐔⴧߦ㆐ߒߡ޿

GB ߣ౒ㅢὐ߇ᄙ޿‫ޔߡߞࠃޕ‬޽ࠅ‫ޔ‬RH ߇㜞޿ὐࠍ㒰ߌ߫‫ޔ‬ࠆࠃ߁ߥࠟࠬߣ‫ޔ‬GB ߦઍ⴫ߐࠇࠆ㉄ൻ⊛ߥࠟࠬߣߩᷙ

GO5 ߩ⚵ᚑߪࡑࠣࡑᕈᵹ૕߇ᦨೋߦฃߌࠆᄌ⾰૞↪ߩวߦࠃࠅ⺑᣿ߐࠇࠆߛࠈ߁‫ߩߎޕ‬ᗧ๧ߢ GB ߦઍ⴫ߐࠇ

⚿ᨐࠍ⴫ߒߡ޿ࠆߣ⠨߃ࠆߎߣ߇ߢ߈ࠆߛࠈ߁‫ࠊߥߔޕ‬ࠆࡑࠣࡑ⿠Ḯߩ․ᓽࠍ᦭ߔࠆᵹ૕ߪ‫ޔ‬Ᏹߦߘࠇࠍขࠅ࿐

ߜ‫ᦨޔ‬ೋߦฃߌࠆ૞↪ߣߪ‫ޔ‬RH ߩ਄᣹ߢ޽ࠆ‫ޕ‬GB ߩ㉄߻ㆶర⊛ߥ㗔ၞ߆ࠄᵹ૕ߩଚ౉ߦ⢿߆ߐࠇߡ޿ࠆߣ޿߃

ൻ⊛ߥ․ᓽ߇ Fluid buffer ߦࠃࠅ߽ߚࠄߐࠇߡ޿ࠆߣ⠨ࠆ‫ޕ‬߃ࠇ߫‫ޔ‬GO5 ߩ RH ߇㜞޿ߎߣߪ‫ޔ‬Fluid buffer ߩᓇ㗀Ἣጊࠟࠬߩ⎇ⓥ⠪ߩ㑆ߢߪᤄ߆ࠄ‫ޔ‬‫߇ࡦ࠲ࡔޟ‬಴ࠆࠃ߁߇ᒙߊߥߞߚߎߣࠍᗧ๧ߒߡ޿ࠆ‫ ߪ⽎⃻ߩߎޕ‬GO5 ߦߦߥߞߚࠄྃἫߪ⚳ࠅ‫ޠ‬ߣ⺆ࠄࠇߡ߈ߚ‫ޔߦߐ߹ߪࠇߎޕ‬ኻᔕߔࠆࠟࠬ߇࿾Ზࠍ਄᣹ߔࠆㆊ⒟ߢ‫㉄ޔ‬ൻ⊛ߥ Fluid㉄ൻ⊛ࠟࠬߩ㗔ၞߦะ߆߁ㆶర⊛ߥ᳇⋧ߩᷙ౉ࠍᗧ๧ߒ

߆ࠄ㆙ߑ߆ࠅ‫ ߇ࠬࠟޔ‬Rock buffer ߦᡰ㈩ߐࠇࠆ㗔ၞࠍߡ޿ࠆ‫ࠄ߆ࡑࠣࡑޕ‬᡼಴ߐࠇࠆᵹ૕ߩᵹ㊂߇Ἣጊᵴേߩ

ㅢㆊߒߚߚ߼ߦ⿠߈ߚߣߔࠇ߫วℂ⊛ߦ⺑᣿ߢ߈ࠆ‫ߒޕ‬ૐਅߦ઻޿ᷫዋߒߚࠄ‫ࡑࠣࡑޔ‬ᕈࠟࠬߩሽ࿷㗔ၞߪ❗ዊ߆ߒ GO5 ߩ႐ว‫ޔ‬CH4 ࠍ฽߹ߥ޿ߩߢ‫ޔ‬GO5 ߇ㅢㆊߒߒ‫ࠍࠇߘޔ‬ขࠅ࿐߻ㆶర⊛㗔ၞ߆ࠄᵹ૕ߩଚ౉߇ᆎࠆߛ

ߚ Rock buffer ߦᡰ㈩ߐࠇࠆ㗔ၞߪ CH4 ࠍ฽߻ㆶర⊛ߥࠈ߁‫ߩߘޕ‬ᵹ౉ߪ߹ߚ‫ޔ‬GS1‫ޔ‬GY1 ߥߤߩࠟࠬߦ⷗ࠄࠇ

ᾲ᳓㗔ၞߣߪ⇣ߥߞߡ޿ߥߌࠇ߫ߥࠄߥ޿‫ޕ‬GO5 ߩࠃࠆ㕖ᐔⴧ⊛ߥ CH4 Ớᐲߩ㜞ߐࠍวℂ⊛ߦ⺑᣿ߔࠆ‫ޕ‬వ࿑  Ἣጊࠟࠬߩൻቇ⊛ㅴൻߦᴪ߁ಽ㘃ߣᾲ᳓♽ߦ߅ߌࠆሽ࿷
(KI%NCUUKHKECVKQPQHXQNECPKEICUGUFWGVQVJGKTEJGOKECNGXQNWVKQP C CPFQHVJGKTUEJGOCVKEQEEWTTGPEGKPJ[FTQVJGTOCNU[UVGOU DCPFE ࿑  㒶ࠗࠝࡦߦࠃࠆ᷷ᴰ᳓ߩಽ㘃㧚#5%㧘0%㧘$%㧘#5 ߪߘࠇߙࠇ㧘)KIIGPDCEJ  ߦࠃࠅಽ㘃ߐࠇߚ㧘⎫㉄Ⴎൻ‛㉄ᕈᴰ㧘ਛᕈႮൻ‛ᴰ㧘㊀὇㉄ᴰ，⎫㉄㉄ᕈᴰࠍ␜ߔ㧚
(KI   %NCUUKHKECVKQP QH YCVGT KPXQNXGF KP J[FTQVJGTOCN U[UVGOU #5% 0% $% CPF #5 KPFKECVG CEKF UWNHCVG
EJNQTKFG YCVGT PGWVTCN EJNQTKFG YCVGTDKECTDQPCVG YCVGT CPF CEKF UWNHCVG YCVGTTGURGEVKXGN[ 6JGENCUUKHKECVKQPYCUDCUGFQPVJCVFKUEWUUGFKP)KIIGPDCEJ  ࿑ ‫ޓ‬0C-/I ਃᚑಽ࿑㧚ᦛ✢ߪ㧘ᾲ᳓♽ߦ৻⥸⊛ߥੑᰴ㋶‛ߣᐔⴧߦ޽ࠆ᳓ߩ⚵ᚑ㧔)KIIGPDCEJ㧕㧚(KI0C-/IVGTPCT[FKCITCOHQTYCVGT6JGEWTXGKPVJGH KIWTGUJQYUVJGYCVGTEQORQUKVKQPGSWKNKDTCVGFYKVJEQOOQPUGEQPFCT[OKPGTCNUKPJ[FTQVJGTOCNU[UVGO )KIIGPDCEJ ߦㅀߴߚ▫ᩮጊߦ߅ߌࠆᵹ૕ߩ㧟ߟߩᄌ⾰૞↪ߩ߁ߜ‫ޔ‬ࠆ௑ะ߇޽ࠆ‫ޔߪߣߎߩߎޕ‬෻ᔕ 6 ߇㕖ᐔⴧ⁁ᘒߦ

RH ߩ਄᣹ߣ CH4 ỚᐲߩჇടߪ‫ޔ‬ኒធߦ㑐ଥߒߡ޿ࠆน

޽ࠅ‫)ޔ‬D\DOLWH ߢઍℂߐࠇࠆጤ⍹ਛߩ Fe2+ ߣࠟࠬߦ฽߹

⢻ᕈ߇㜞޿‫ޕ‬ࠇࠆ H2S ߪ෻ᔕ 6 ߦࠃࠅ H2 ࠍ⊒↢ߐߖࠆ㚟േജࠍ᦭‫ߩߟߣ߭߁߽ޓ‬ᄌ⾰૞↪ߣߒߡ⎫㤛ᚑಽߩᷫዋ߇޽ࠆ‫ޕ‬ߒߡ޿ࠆߎߣࠍᗧ๧ߒߡ޿ࠆ‫ޕ‬෻ᔕ 6 ߪࠟࠬਛߩ H2S

ߎࠇߪ‫ޔ‬RH ߩ਄᣹߿ CH4 ỚᐲߩჇടߣ㑐ଥ߇޽ࠆߩ߆㧫ࠍᷫዋߐߖࠆߎߣ߇น⢻ߥߩߢ‫▫ޔ‬ᩮጊߩἫጊᾲ᳓♽ߢ޽ࠆ޿ߪ⁛┙ߦ⿠߈ߡ޿ࠆ૞↪ߥߩߛࠈ߁߆㧫‫ޓ‬3\ULWH⿠߈ߡ޿ࠆ H2S ߩᷫዋࠍ⺑᣿ߔࠆ෻ᔕߩ߭ߣߟߩ୥⵬

ߪᾲ᳓♽ߦߏߊ৻⥸ߦሽ࿷ߔࠆ㋶‛ߢ⎫㤛ࠍ฽߻ߩߢ‫ޔ‬ߣߒߡ޽ߍࠆߎߣ߇น⢻ߛࠈ߁‫ޕ‬ߘࠇ߇↢ᚑߔࠆ㓙ߦ‫⎫ߩࠬࠟޔ‬㤛ᚑಽߩᷫዋࠍ߽ߚࠄߔ

‫ޓ‬એ਄ߩ⼏⺰ࠍ߹ߣ߼ࠆߣ‫⹜ࠬࠟޔ‬ᢱߩൻቇ⚵ᚑߦߺࠄน⢻ᕈ߇޽ࠆ‫ޔ߫߃ߣߚޕ‬એਅߩ෻ᔕࠍ⠨߃ߡߺࠆ‫ޕ‬ࠇࠆㅴൻㆊ⒟ߪ Fig. 13 ߦ߅޿ߡᮨᑼ⊛ߦ␜ߐࠇࠆ‫ࠟޕ‬ࠬ⹜ᢱߪੑߟߩઍ⴫⊛ߥᜰᮡ‫㉄ޔ‬ൻㆶరࡐ࠹ࡦࠪࡖ࡞

4H2S + Fe2SiO4 ()D\DOLWH)‫ޕ‬CH4 ߩ↢㧔RH㧕ߣ CH4/CO2 Ყߢಽ㘃ߐࠇࠆ㧔Fig. 13a㧕

‫ =ޓ‬2FeS2 (3\ULWH) + SiO2 (Quartz) + 2H2O + 2H2 (6)ᚑߔࠆ෻ᔕߪㆃ޿㧔Giggenbach, 1987㧕ߣ⠨߃ࠄࠇߡ޿
ࠆߩߢ‫ޔ‬CH4/CO2 Ყߪࠟࠬߩᾲ᳓♽ౝߦ߅ߌࠆṛ⇐ᤨ㑆

2+‫ߩߎޓ‬෻ᔕߢߪ‫)ޔ‬D\DOLWH ߪጤ⍹ਛߩ Fe ߩઍℂ‛ߣߒߩᜰᮡߣߥࠆߛࠈ߁‫㉄ޕ‬ൻ⊛ߢ CH4/CO2 Ყߩૐ޿ࠟࠬ

ߡዉ౉ߒߡ޿ࠆ‫ߩߎޕ‬෻ᔕߩᐔⴧቯᢙࠍ Ks ߣߔࠆߣ‫ޔ‬ߪ‫⿠ࡑࠣࡑޔ‬Ḯߢ޽ࠅ‫ޔ‬GB ߇ߘࠇߦ⋧ᒰߔࠆ‫ࠟߩߎޕ‬ࠬ߇਄᣹ߔࠆㆊ⒟ߢ‫ޔ‬ጤ⍹ߣ෻ᔕߔࠆߎߣߦࠃࠅ‫ޔ‬ㇱಽ

§H S·
log¨¨ 2 ¸¸
© H 2O ¹

1
1
RH  log K S 
24⊛ߦㆶరߐࠇ RH ߇Ⴧടߔࠆ‫⁁ߩߘޕ‬ᘒߦኻᔕߔࠆߩ߇
‫ ޓޓޓޓޓޓޓ‬7)ᄢᶗ⼱ߩ GO5 ߢ޽ࠆ㧔Fig. 13b㧕‫㉄ߊࠄߘ߅ޕ‬ൻ⊛ߥࡑࠣࡑᕈߩ㗔ၞ߆ࠄᄖ஥ߦะ߆ߞߡ᳇⋧߇⒖േߒᾲ᳓㗔ၞ߇ᚑ┙ߔࠆ‫ޕ‬ᑼ 7 ߦࠃࠆߣ‫ ߩࠬࠟޔ‬H2S / H2O ࡕ࡞Ყࠍᒻᚑߒߡ޿ࠆ‫ ߪߢߎߘޕ‬Rock-buffer ߦࠃࠅㆶర⊛ߥ

ߣ RH ߩ㑐ଥߪ᷷ᐲߩ㑐ᢙߣߥࠆ‫ޕ‬Fig. 12 ߦ⹜ᢱߩ H2S

CO2 ߩ৻ㇱߪ CH4 ߦォ឵ߒߡ޿ࠆ‫ޕ‬ⅣႺ߇ᚑ┙ߒߡ߅ࠅ‫ޔ‬/ H2O Ყߣ RH ࠍࡊࡠ࠶࠻ߒߚ‫ ߩࠬࠟߩߡోޕ‬H2S/H2O

ߘߩ⁁ᘒࠍઍ⴫ߒߡ޿ࠆߩߪ‫ޔ‬ḡߩ⧎ᴛߩ GY2 ߢ޽ࠆᲧߪ෻ᔕ 6 ߇ᐔⴧߦ೔㆐ߒߚ႐วߩ H2S/H2O Ყࠃࠅ

㧔Fig. 13c㧕‫ߩߎޕ‬ⅣႺߢߪ‫ޔ‬H2S ߩ৻ㇱ߇ FeS2 ߣߒߡ࿕߽㜞޿‫㉄ޔߦ․ޕ‬ൻ⊛ߥࠟࠬ߶ߤ‫ޔ‬ᐔⴧ✢߆ࠄ㆙ߑ߆

ቯߐࠇ‫ޔ‬H2S Ớᐲ߇ૐਅߒߡ޿ࠆ‫⁁ߩߘޕ‬ᘒ߇ᦨ߽ㅴⴕ࿑ ‫ޓ‬0C-/I%C ᚑಽ࿑㧚ᦛ✢ߪ㧘ᾲ᳓♽ߦ৻⥸⊛ߥੑᰴ㋶‛ߣᐔⴧߦ޽ࠆ᳓ߩ⚵ᚑ㧔)KIIGPDCEJ 㧕㧚5U[UVGO# ߪ㧘
ਭ㊁㧔㧕ߦࠃࠆ⚡⯃ノ⍹⾰ጤ♽቟ጊጤ߇᳓ߦಽ೎ߖߕߦṁ⸃ߒߚ႐วߩ⚵ᚑ㧚
(KI   0C-/I%C EQORQUKVKQP QH YCVGT  6JG EWTXG UJQYU VJG YCVGT EQORQUKVKQP GSWKNKDTCVGF YKVJ EQOOQPUGEQPFCT[ OKPGTCNU KP J[FTQVJGTOCN U[UVGOU )KIIGPDCEJ    5U[UVGO# UJQYU VJG J[RQVJGVKECNEQORQUKVKQPQHYCVGTKPYJKEJCPFGUKVGCUUQEKCVKPIJ[RGTUVJGPGRTQFWEGFCV/V*CMQPG -WPQ YCU
FKUUQNXGFYKVJQWVCP[EJGOKECNHTCEVKQPCVKQPUߒߚߩ߇ GO8 ߢ޽ࠆߣ޿߃ࠆ‫ޕ‬એ਄ߩಽ㘃ߦ౉ࠄߥ޿

µmol/mol ߦ㆐ߒ‫ޔ‬઒ߦ GB ߇࿾ਅ᳓ߦๆ෼ߐࠇߚ႐ว‫ޔ‬ࠟࠬߣߒߡ‫ޔ‬GS1 ߣ GY1 ߇޽ࠆ‫ߩߎޕ‬ੑߟߩࠟࠬߪ‫ޔ‬

100 mg/l એ਄ߩႮൻ‛Ớᐲࠍᜬߟ᷷ᴰ᳓߇ᒻᚑߐࠇࠆ

RH ߇ૐߊ‫㉄ޔ‬ൻ⊛ߢ޽ࠆߦ᜔߽ࠊࠄߕ‫ޔ‬CH4/CO2 Ყ߇ߛࠈ߁‫ޕ‬᷷ᴰ᳓ߩႮൻ‛ߩỚᐲ߇ૐ޿ߩߪ‫ޔ‬GB ߦઍ⴫㜞޿‫․ߩߎޕ‬ᓽߪ‫㉄ޔ‬ൻ⊛ߥࡑࠣࡑᕈࠟࠬߣ‫ޔ‬ᾲ᳓㗔ၞߐࠇࠆࠃ߁ߥࠟࠬ߇ሽ࿷ߒߡ޿ߥ޿㗔ၞ‫ࠅ߹ߟޔ‬࿾⴫ਅߩ᳇⋧߇ᷙวߒߚߣߒߡ⺑᣿ߢ߈ࠆߛࠈ߁‫ߥ߁ࠃߩߎޕ‬500m ࠃࠅ߽ᵻ޿㗔ၞߢ᷷ᴰ᳓߇ᒻᚑߐࠇߡ޿ࠆߎߣࠍ

ࡂࠗࡉ࡝࠶࠼ဳߩࠟࠬߪ‫ࡑࠣࡑޔ‬ᕈߩ᳇૕߇‫ޔ‬CH4 ߦን␜ໂߒߡ޿ࠆ‫ޕ‬ࠎߛᾲ᳓㗔ၞࠍ⽾޿ߡ࿾⴫ߦ⃻ࠇߚߣ⠨߃ࠄࠇࠆ㧔Fig.

‫ޓ‬᷷ᴰ᳓ߩ‫ߦ․ޔ‬㓁ࠗࠝࡦ⚵ᚑࠍ⠨߃ࠆ਄ߢ‫ޔ‬ጤ⍹ߣߩ

13b, c㧕‫ޕ‬⋧੕૞↪ߪ㊀ⷐߢ޽ࠆ‫ޕ‬1D.0J ߩਃᚑಽ࿑㧔Fig. 15㧕
ߦ߅޿ߡ‫ޔ‬᳓ߣጤ⍹ߩ㑆ߩᐔⴧ㑐ଥࠍ್ᢿߔࠆߎߣ߇น

‫ޓ‬᷷ᴰ᳓ߩൻቇ⊛ㅴൻ⢻ߢ޽ࠆ㧔Giggenbach, 1988㧕‫ޕ‬ጤ⍹ߣൻቇᐔⴧ⁁ᘒߦ⥋ߞ‫ޓ‬Ἣጊᾲ᳓♽ߦ઻ࠊࠇࠆ᷷ᴰ᳓ߪ‫㉄⎫ޔ‬Ⴎൻ‛㉄ᕈᴰߡ޿ߥ޿‫ޔ‬ᚲ⻐‫ᧂޔ‬ᚑᾫߥ᳓ߪ 0J ߩࠦ࡯࠽࡯ઃㄭߦࡊ

㧔$FLG sulfate chloride water㧕‫ ޔ‬㊀ ὇ ㉄ ᴰ㧔Bicarbonateࡠ࠶࠻ߐࠇ‫⎇ᧄޔ‬ⓥߩ⹜ᢱߪߘߩࠃ߁ߥ᳓ߦ⋧ᒰߔࠆ‫ޕ‬

water㧕‫ޔ‬ਛᕈႮൻ‛ᴰ㧔Neutral chloride water㧕
‫㉄㉄⎫ޔ‬

ห᭽ߥ␜ໂߪ‫ޔ‬Fig. 16 ߦ߅ߌࠆ 1D.0J&D ߩ⋧㑐ߢ

ᕈ ᴰ㧔$FLG sulfate water㧕 ߦ ಽ 㘃 ߐ ࠇ ࠆ㧔Giggenbach,߽ᓧࠄࠇࠆ‫ޕ‬Fig. 16 ߦ߅޿ߡ‫ޔ‬᳓⹜ᢱߩ [ ゲߣ \ ゲߩ

1997㧕‫ߩࠄࠇߎޕ‬᷷ᴰ᳓ߪ‫ޔ‬ᮮゲ‫❑ޔ‬ゲߦߘࠇߙࠇ⎫㉄୯ߪએਅߩᑼߢߘࠇߙࠇ⸘▚ߐࠇࠆ‫ޕ‬ࠗࠝࡦỚᐲ‫ޔ‬Ⴎൻ‛ࠗࠝࡦỚᐲࠍߣߞߚᐔ㕙࿑ߢ᣿⏕ߦ඙ಽߐࠇࠆ㧔Fig. 14㧕
‫⎇ᧄޕ‬ⓥߢណขߒߚ᷷ᴰ᳓ߪ‫⎫ޔ‬x㉄㉄ᕈᴰߩ㗔ၞߣ㊀ߥߞߡ޿ࠆ‫㉄㉄⎫ޕ‬ᕈᴰߪ‫ޔ‬ᾲ᳓ߣ

10 C Ka
10 C K  CNaᐔⴧߦ޽ࠆ⫳᳇߇࿾ਅ᳓ߦๆ෼ߐࠇߡ⊒↢ߔࠆߣߐࠇߡ
޿ࠆ‫੹ޕ‬࿁ណขߒߚ᷷ᴰ᳓ߩႮൻ‛ࠗࠝࡦỚᐲߪᦨ㜞ߢ
߽ 8.5 mg/l ߢߒ߆ߥ޿‫৻ޕ‬ᣇߢ‫ޔ‬GB ߩ HCl Ớᐲߪ 166y

10 C Mg
10 C Mg  CCa

(8)

(9)

࿑ ‫ޓ‬᷷ᴰ᳓ߦ฽߹ࠇࠆ /I ߣ /P ߩ⋧㑐㧚⎕✢ߪጤ⍹ṁ⸃✢㧚(KI   %QTTGNCVKQP DGVYGGP /I CPF /P FKUUQNXGF KP YCVGT  6JG FCUJGF NKPG UJQYU VJG EQORQUKVKQP QH YCVGT KP
YJKEJCPFGUKVGRTQFWEGFCV/V*CMQPGYCUFKUUQNXGFYKVJQWVCP[EJGOKECNHTCEVKQPCVKQPU‫ ޓ‬਄ ᑼ ߦ ߅ ޿ ߡ Ci ߪ i ᚑ ಽ ߩ Ớ ᐲ㧔mg/l 㧕 ࠍ ᗧ ๧ ߔ

1997㧕‫ߩߘޕ‬ᐔⴧ⚵ᚑߪ᷷ᐲߩ㑐ᢙߢ޽ࠅ‫ޔ‬ૐ᷷ߢߪ Naࠆ‫ޕ‬Fig. 16 ߩᦛ✢ߪ‫ޔ‬᳓߇ᾲ᳓ᕈੑᰴ㋶‛⟲ߣṁ⸃ᐔ

ߣ 0J ߇⋧ኻ⊛ߦᄙߊ‫ޔ‬㜞᷷ߢߪ K ߣ Ca ߇Ⴧടߔࠆ‫ޕ‬ⴧ⁁ᘒߦ㆐ߒߚ႐วߩ⚵ᚑࠍ⴫ߒߡ޿ࠆ㧔Giggnebach,᷹ⷰߐࠇߚ᳓⹜ᢱߩࡐࠗࡦ࠻ߪ‫ޔ‬ᐔⴧᦛ✢ߣߪ߆ߌ㔌ࠇ࿑  ᷷ᴰ᳓ߦ฽߹ࠇࠆ /I ߣ %C ߩ⋧㑐㧚⎕✢ߪጤ⍹ṁ⸃✢㧚(KI   %QTTGNCVKQP DGVYGGP /I CPF %C FKUUQNXGF KP YCVGT  6JG FCUJGF NKPG UJQYU VJG EQORQUKVKQP QH YCVGT KP
YJKEJCPFGUKVGRTQFWEGFCV/V*CMQPGYCUFKUUQNXGFYKVJQWVCP[EJGOKECNHTCEVKQPCVKQPU࿑ ‫ޓ‬᷷ᴰ᳓ߦ฽߹ࠇࠆ /I㧘/P㧘%C ỚᐲᲧߣጤ⍹⚵ᚑᲧߩᲧセ㧚$#㧘#㧘#&㧘&4 ߪߘࠇߙࠇ㧘⚡⯃ノ⍹⾰ጤ♽ߦዻߔࠆ㧘₵ᱞጤ⾰቟ጊጤ㧘቟ጊጤ㧘቟ጊጤ⾰࠺ࠗࠨࠗ࠻㧘࠺ࠗࠨࠗ࠻⾰ᵹ⚉ጤߩ⚵ᚑࠍ␜ߔ㧚(KI   /QNCT TCVKQU QH /I /P CPF %C KP YCVGT YKVJ VJG EJGOKECN EQORQUKVKQP QH C UGTKGU QH NCXCU EQPVCKPKPIJ[RGTUVJGPG  $# # #& CPF &4 KPFKECVG VJG EQORQUKVKQP QH VJG DCUCNVKE CPFGUKVG CPFGUKVG CPFGUKVKEFCEKVGCPFFCEKVKETJ[QNKVGTGURGEVKXGN[ߡ߅ࠅ‫▫ޔ‬ᩮጊߩਛᄩἫญਐࠍ᭴ᚑߔࠆṁጤߩ⚵ᚑߣ߽

ߡߩ᷷ᴰ᳓ߪ௑߈㧝ߩ⋥✢ߦᴪߞߡಽᏓߒߡ޿ࠆ‫▫ޕ‬ᩮ⇣ߥࠆ‫ޔߢߎߎޕ‬ṁጤߩ⚵ᚑߣߒߡߪ‫ޔ‬ਭ㊁㧔1972㧕ߩጊߩਛᄩἫญਐߪ⚡⯃ノ⍹⾰ጤ♽ߩṁጤߢ᭴ᚑߐࠇ‫ޔ‬ᱴ⚡⯃ノ⍹⾰ጤ♽቟ጊጤࠍ↪޿ߚ‫ޕ‬ṁጤ⚵ᚑߣ᳓⚵ᚑߩ㆑ߤ߇቟ጊጤߢ޽ࠆ㧔ਭ㊁‫ޔ‬1972㧕‫ޕ‬᷷ᴰ᳓ߩಽᏓߦᴪߞ

޿ߪ‫ޔ‬ਥߦ‫ޔ‬Na/K Ყߦ㗼⪺ߢ޽ࠅ‫ޔ‬0J&D Ყߪጤ⍹ߩߚ⋥✢ߪ‫⯃⚡ޔ‬ノ⍹⾰ጤ♽቟ጊጤ߇ൻቇಽ೎ࠍฃߌߕߦ

⚵ᚑߦㄭ޿‫ޕ‬᷷ᴰ᳓ߩ K ߇ጤ⍹⚵ᚑߦᲧߴߡᷫዋߔࠆ

᳓ߦṁ⸃ߒߚ႐วߩ⚵ᚑࠍ⴫ߒߡ޿ࠆ‫ޕ‬Fig. 17 ߦ⷗ࠄߩߪ‫ޔ‬Giggnbach(1997 ߦࠃࠆߣ‫ޔ‬ᾲ᳓♽ౝߢ↢ᚑߒߚࠇࠆಽᏓߪ‫ޔ‬᷷ᴰ᳓ߩ 0Q0J Ყ߇᷷ᴰ᳓ࠍ↥ߔࠆጊ૕☼࿯㋶‛ߦ K ߇ขࠅㄟ߹ࠇࠆߎߣ߇ේ࿃ߣߐࠇߡ޿ࠆ‫ޕ‬ࠍ᭴ᚑߔࠆጤ⍹ߩ 0Q0J Ყࠍߘߩ߹߹෻ᤋߒߡ޿ࠆߎ

WY1 ߪ߭ߣߟߛߌ‫ߩઁޔ‬᳓⹜ᢱ߆ࠄ㔌ࠇߡ 0J ߇⋧ኻߣࠍᗧ๧ߒߡ޿ࠆ‫ޕ‬ጤ⍹ߩ⚵ᚑࠍ෻ᤋߔࠆߎߩ⋥✢ࠍߎ⊛ߦዋߥ޿႐ᚲߦࡊࡠ࠶࠻ߐࠇߡ޿ࠆ‫ޔߪࠇߎޕ‬ᄢㇱಽߎߢߪ‫ޔ‬ጤ⍹ṁ⸃✢ߣ๭߱ߎߣߦߔࠆ‫ޕ‬Fig. 18 ߪ‫ޔ‬0J

ߩ᷷ᴰ᳓ߦ⷗ࠄࠇࠆ㜞޿ 0J&D Ყࠍᜬߟ᳓ߦኻߒߡ㜞ߣ Ca ߩ㑆ߩ⋧㑐ࠍ␜ߒߡ޿ࠆ‫ޕ‬ಽᏓߩ௑ะߪ‫ޔ‬0Q ߣ᷷ߢጤ⍹ߣᐔⴧ⁁ᘒߦ޽ࠆ 0J&D Ყߩૐ޿᳓߇⧯ᐓᷙ

0J ߩ႐วߣૃߡ޿ࠆ߇‫⹜ߩ߆ߟߊ޿ޔ‬ᢱߪጤ⍹ṁ⸃✢౉ߒߚߣߒߡ⺑᣿ߢ߈ࠆ߆߽ߒࠇߥ޿‫ޕ‬ࠃࠅ߽ਅᣇߦಽᏓߒ‫⋧ޔ‬ኻ⊛ߦ Ca ߦᰳਲߒߡ޿ࠆ௑ะ

‫ޓ‬᷷ᴰ᳓ߩൻቇ⚵ᚑߩᄌൻࠍ⺰ߕࠆ਄ߢ‫ߩࠬࠟޔ‬႐วߣ߇⷗ࠄࠇࠆ‫ޕ‬Fig. 19 ߢߪ‫ޔ‬᷷ᴰ᳓ߩ &D0J Ყߣ 0Q0J

ห᭽ߦ‫ޔ‬Ⴧᷫߒߥ޿‫଻ޟ‬ሽᚑಽ‫↪᦭ߪߣߎࠆߌߟߺࠍޠ‬Ყࠍ⚡⯃ノ⍹⾰ጤ♽ߩṁጤ⚵ᚑߣኻᲧߒߡ޿ࠆ‫⯃⚡ޕ‬ノߢ޽ࠆ‫ޕ‬Giggenbach (1974 ߪ‫࡞ޔ࠼ࡦ࡜࡯ࠫ࡯ࡘ࠾ޔ‬⍹⾰ጤ♽ߩṁጤ⚵ᚑߪ‫₵ޔ‬ᱞጤ⾰቟ጊጤ㧔%$㧕‫ޔ‬቟ጊጤࠕࡍࡈἫጊߩ㉄ᕈἫญḓߩൻቇ⚵ᚑࠍ⺞ߴ‫ޔ‬ḓ᳓ߦṁሽ㧔$㧕‫ޔ‬቟ጊጤ⾰࠺ࠗࠨࠗ࠻㧔$'㧕‫⾰࠻ࠗࠨࠗ࠺ޔ‬ᵹ⚉ጤߒߡ޿ࠆ 0J ߣ 0Q ߇଻ሽᚑಽߢ޽ࠆߎߣࠍ⊒⷗ߒߚ‫ޕ‬

㧔DR㧕ߩ㗅ᐨߢ 0Q0J Ყ‫&ޔ‬D0J Ყ߇౒ߦჇടߔࠆ௑

0J ߿ 0Q ߪጤ⍹߆ࠄ㉄ᕈ᳓ṁᶧߦṁߌ಴ߒ‫ޔ‬㓁ࠗࠝࡦะ߇޽ࠆ‫ޕ‬࿑ߢߪ‫ޔ‬቟ጊጤ⾰ߩṁጤ߇᷷ᴰ᳓ߩ⚵ᚑಽᏓߣߒߡሽ࿷ߔࠆ߇‫㉄ޔ‬ᕈ᧦ઙߢߪੑᰴ㋶‛ߥߤߩᚑಽߣ

ߩਛᔃߦᦨ߽ㄭ޿ߎߣ߇␜ߐࠇߡ޿ࠆ‫ޕ‬ߒߡṁᶧ߆ࠄ㒰෰ߐࠇߥ޿‫▫ޕ‬ᩮጊߩ᷷ᴰ᳓߽㉄ᕈߢ޽‫ޓ‬Fig. 20 ߪ Fe ߣ 0J ߩ⋧㑐ࠍ␜ߒߡ޿ࠆ‫ޕ‬ᄢㇱಽߩ⹜ࠅ‫ޔ‬0J ߣ 0Q ߇଻ሽᚑಽߢ޽ࠆน⢻ᕈ߇޽ࠆ‫ޕ‬Fig. 17ᢱߪጤ⍹ṁ⸃✢ߩਅᣇߦಽᏓߒߡ޿ࠆ‫ޔߪࠇߎޕ‬Fe ߇

ߦ᷷ᴰ᳓ߩ 0J ߣ 0Q Ớᐲ㧔mg/l 㧕ߩ㑐ଥࠍ␜ߔ‫ోޓޕ‬ੑᰴ㋶‛ߩᴉᲚߦࠃࠅ᷷ᴰ᳓߆ࠄ㒰෰ߐࠇߡ޿ࠆน⢻ᕈ࿑  ᷷ᴰ᳓ߦ฽߹ࠇࠆ /I ߣ (G ߩ⋧㑐㧚⎕✢ߪጤ⍹ṁ⸃✢㧚(KI   %QTTGNCVKQP DGVYGGP /I CPF (G FKUUQNXGF KP YCVGT  6JG FCUJGF NKPG UJQYU VJG EQORQUKVKQP QH YCVGT KP
YJKEJCPFGUKVGRTQFWEGFCV/V*CMQPGYCUFKUUQNXGFYKVJQWVCP[EJGOKECNHTCEVKQPCVKQPUࠍ␜ໂߒߡ޿ࠆ‫ޕ‬Fig. 21 ߪ SiO2 ߣ 0J ߩ⋧㑐ࠍ␜ߒߡ⴫ ‫ޓ‬᷷ᴰ᳓ߩࠪ࡝᷷ࠞᐲ㧚ࠪ࡝᷷ࠞᐲߩ⸘▚ߢߪ㧘ࠞ࡞࠮޿ࠆ‫ߩߎޕ‬ੑߟߩṁ⾰ߩ㑆ߩ⋧㑐ߪ‫ߩઁޔ‬႐วߣߪ௑ะ

࠼࠾࡯߇ṁ⸃ᐔⴧߦ޽ࠆߣ઒ቯߒ㧘(QWTPKGT ߇⇣ߥࠆ‫ޕ‬SiO2 Ớᐲߪ 0J Ớᐲߣߪή㑐ଥߦ‫޿⁜ޔ‬Ớᐲߩ⸘▚ᑼࠍ↪޿ߚ㧚▸࿐ߦಽᏓߒߡ޿ࠆ‫ߩߎޕ‬ℂ↱ߣߒߡ‫ޔ‬SiO2 ߩỚᐲ߇

6CDNG   5KNKEC IGQVJGTOQOGVGT VGORGTCVWTG GUVKOCVGF

ࠞ࡞࠮࠼࠾࡯ߥߤߩࠪ࡝ࠞ㋶‛ߣṁ⸃ᐔⴧߦ㆐ߒߡ޿ࠆ
ߎߣ߇᜼ߍࠄࠇࠆ‫ޕ‬7DEOH 7 ߦ SiO2 Ớᐲ߆ࠄ⸘▚ߒߚࠪ࡝᷷ࠞᐲࠍ␜ߒߚ‫ߩߣ࡯࠾࠼࠮࡞ࠞޔߪߢ▚⸘ޕ‬ṁ⸃ᐔⴧࠍ઒ቯߒ‫ޔ‬Fournier (1977 ߦࠃࠆએਅߩ᷷ᐲ⸘ࠍ↪
޿ߚ‫ޕ‬t ( $C )1023
 273.15
4.69  log C SiO 2‫ ޓޓޓ‬10)ߎߎߢ‫ޔ‬CSiO2 ߪ SiO2 ߩỚᐲ㧔mg/l 㧕ࠍᗧ๧ߒߡ޿ࠆ‫ޕ‬

HQTYCVGTUCORNGU
SiO2
Temp.
mg/kg
䉔
WO1
253
174
WO2
232
167
WO3
314
193
WO4
220
163
WO5
294
187
WO6
327
197
WO7
281
183
WO8
314
193
WO9
233
167
WS1
363
207
WS2
217
162
WY1
229
166
Temperature was calculated based on the solubility of chalcedonygeothermometer given by Fournier (1977)
Sample᷷ᴰ᳓ਛߩ Fe Ớᐲߪጤ⍹ṁ⸃✢ࠃࠅ߽ਅᣇߦಽᏓߔࠆ
௑ะ߇޽ࠅ㧔Fig. 20㧕
‫ ߩ߆ࠄࠎߥޔ‬Fe ࠍ฽߻ੑᰴ㋶‛߇ᴉᲚߒߡ޿ࠆߣ⠨߃ࠄࠇࠆ‫ޕ‬᷷ᴰ᳓ਛߩ Fe Ớᐲࠍ⺑log C Fe‫ ޓޓޓ‬12)
3
7
1
pH  log C SO 4  log C H 2 S  log K Fe
2
4
4᣿ߔࠆߚ߼ߦએਅߩ෻ᔕࠍ⠨߃ࠆ‫ޕ‬ᐔⴧቯᢙߪ 7DEOH 6 ߦ␜ߒߚ‫ޕ‬ฝㄝߩ╙㧝㗄߆ࠄ㧟㗄߹+

ߢߪ᷷ᴰ᳓⹜ᢱߦߟ޿ߡಽᨆ୯߆ࠄਈ߃ࠄࠇࠆ‫ޕ‬਄ᑼ

4FeS2 + 6H + 4H2O
2+

‫ =ޓޓޓ‬4Fe

2-+ SO4 + 7H2S(DT ‫ ޓޓޓޓޓޓޓ‬11)ߦ߅޿ߡ‫ޔ‬ฦṁሽᚑಽߩỚᐲߦߪ㊀㊂ࡕ࡞Ớᐲ㧔mol/kg㧕ࠍ↪޿ࠆ‫ޕ‬㧝㗄߆ࠄ㧟㗄߹ߢߩ๺ߣ Log(CFe ߩ㑐ߎߩ෻ᔕߩᐔⴧቯᢙࠍ KFe ߣߔࠆߣ‫ޔ‬

ଥࠍ Fig. 22 ߦ␜ߔ‫⹜ߩ߆ߟߊ޿ޕ‬ᢱߪ 150 㨪 200͠ߩᐔⴧ✢ߩㄭறߦಽᏓߒ‫ޔ‬Fe Ớᐲ߇෻ᔕ 11 ߦࠃࠅⷙ೙
ߐࠇߡ޿ࠆน⢻ᕈࠍ␜ໂߒߡ޿ࠆ‫ޕ‬࿑ߦ߅޿ߡ‫ޔ‬WO3‫ޔ‬࿑㧞㧝㧚᷷ᴰ᳓ߦ฽߹ࠇࠆ /I ߣ 5K12 ߩ⋧㑐㧚⎕✢ߪጤ⍹ṁ⸃✢㧚(KI  %QTTGNCVKQP DGVYGGP /I CPF 5K12 FKUUQNXGF KP YCVGT  6JG FCUJGF NKPG UJQYU VJG EQORQUKVKQP QH YCVGT KP
YJKEJCPFGUKVGRTQFWEGFCV/V*CMQPGYCUFKUUQNXGFYKVJQWVCP[EJGOKECNHTCEVKQPCVKQPU࿑㧞㧞㧚᷷ᴰ᳓ߩ⚵ᚑߣ (G52 ߇ᴉᲚߔࠆ᧦ઙߩ㑐ଥ㧚ᢳ✢⟲ߪ෻ᔕ㧔㧕ߩᐔⴧߦࠃࠅ೙㒢ߐࠇࠆ᳓ߩ⚵ᚑࠍ␜ߒߡ޿ࠆ㧚⹜‫ޓ‬ᢱ⇟ภߩᮮߩ᜝ᒐౝߩᢙሼߪ 5K12 Ớᐲ߆ࠄផቯߐࠇߚ᷷ᐲ㧔͠㧕㧚
(KI   %QORCTKUQP DGVYGGP VJG EQORQUKVKQP QH YCVGT CPF VJG YCVGT GSWKNKDTCVGF KP VGTOU QH TGCEVKQP   CV
XCTKQWU VGORGTCVWTGU  6JG PWODGT KP RCTGPVJGUKU DGUKFG VJG UCORNG EQFG KPFKECVGU VJG IGQVJGTOCNVGORGTCVWTGQHUKNKECNKUVGFKP6CDNG

WO4‫ޔ‬WO6‫ޔ‬WO7 ߪ 200͠ߩᐔⴧ✢ઃㄭߦࡊࡠ࠶࠻ߐ

ᲧߪਛᄩἫญਐࠍ᭴ᚑߔࠆ቟ጊጤߩ 0Q0J Ყߣ߶߷৻

ࠇߡ޿ࠆ‫⹜ߩࠄࠇߎޕ‬ᢱߩᑼ 10 ߦၮߠߊࠪ࡝᷷ࠞᐲ

⥌ߔࠆ‫ޔߒ߆ߒޕ‬Fe Ớᐲߪጤ⍹ߩṁ⸃߆ࠄ੍᷹ߐࠇࠆ

ߪ‫ޔࠇߙࠇߘޔ‬193‫ޔ‬163‫ޔ‬197‫ޔ‬183͠ߣ‫ޔ‬200͠ߦㄭ޿Ớᐲࠃࠅ߽ૐߊ‫ޔ‬ੑᰴ㋶‛߇↢ᚑߒߡ޿ࠆน⢻ᕈ߇޽ࠆ‫ޕ‬᷷ᐲࠍ␜ߒ‫ߩࠄࠇߎޔ‬᳓߇ 200͠ઃㄭߩ᷷ᐲࠍ⚻㛎ߒߡ

FeS2 ࠍขࠅㄟࠎߛ෻ᔕࠍ⠨߃ࠆߣ‫ ⚂ޔ‬200͠ߢ FeS2 ߦ޿ࠆߎߣࠍ␜ໂߒߡ޿ࠆ‫ߩࠄࠇߎߚ߹ ޕ‬᷷ᴰ᳓ߪ Fig.

㑐ߒߡ㘻๺ߦㄭ޿᷷ᴰ᳓߇㧠ߟሽ࿷ߒߚ‫ࠄࠇߎޔߚ߹ޕ‬20 ߦ߅޿ߡጤ⍹ṁ⸃✢ࠃࠅ߽ਅᣇߦಽᏓߒ‫ޔ‬Fe ߇ᰳਲߩ᷷ᴰ᳓ߩࠪ࡝᷷ࠞᐲߪ 163 㨪 197͠ߣ 200͠ߦㄭ޿‫ޕ‬ߒߡ޿ࠆ‫ޕ‬WO8 ߪ 150͠ߩᐔⴧ✢ㄭߊߦࡊࡠ࠶࠻ߐࠇ

᷷ᴰ᳓ߦṁሽߔࠆᏗࠟࠬߩ⚵ᚑߦ㑐ߒߡ‫ޔ‬36$U ࠍၮḰߣࠆ߇‫ޔ‬WO8 ߪጤ⍹ṁ⸃✢ઃㄭߦ૏⟎ߒ‫ޔ‬Fe Ớᐲߪ෻ᔕߒߚ႐ว‫ޔ‬ㆊ೾ߥ 84Kr‫ޔ‬132Xe ߇᷹ⷰߐࠇߚ‫ߩߎޕ‬ේ࿃(11 ߢⷙ೙ߐࠇߡ޿ߥ޿ߣ⠨߃ࠄࠇࠆ‫ޕ‬ߣߒߡߪ‫ޔ‬ᾲ᳓߇࿾ਅߢᴣ㛛ߔࠆ㓙ߦ‫⾰ޔ‬㊂ߩᄢ߈ߥᏗ

એ਄ࠍ߹ߣ߼ࠆߣ‫ޔ‬᷷ᴰ᳓ߩൻቇ⊛ㅴൻߣߒߡߪ‫ޔ‬Na/ࠟࠬ߇ᾲ᳓ߦㇱಽ⊛ߦขࠅᱷߐࠇߚน⢻ᕈ߇޽ࠆ‫ޕ‬ᴣ㛛K Ყߩ਄᣹ߣ Fe Ớᐲߩૐਅ߇޽ߍࠄࠇࠆ‫ߩ߆ߟߊ޿ޕ‬ߢ⫳᳇߇⊒↢ߒߚᓟߦ⫳᳇ߣᾲ᳓ߪ㐳ᤨ㑆౒ሽߔࠆߎߣ

᷷ᴰ᳓ߦߟ޿ߡ‫ޔ‬Fe Ớᐲߩૐਅߪ FeS2 ߩᴉᲚߢ⺑᣿นߥߊ‫ޔ‬೎‫ߦޘ‬࿾⴫߹ߢ⒖േߒߚߣផቯߐࠇࠆ‫ޕ‬⢻ߢ޽ࠆ‫ߥ߁ࠃߩߘޕ‬᷷ᴰ᳓ߦߟ޿ߡ SiO2 Ớᐲࠍ⠨ᘦߔࠆߣ‫ ߪࠄࠇߎޔ‬200͠ㄭㄝߩ᷷ᐲࠍ⚻㛎ߒߚߣ޿߃ࠆ‫ޕ‬⻢ㄉ200͠ߩ㘻๺᳓⫳᳇࿶ߪ‫ޔ‬1.55 03D ߢ޽ࠅ‫ޔ‬㕒᳓࿶ࠍ‫⎇ᧄޓ‬ⓥࠍㆀⴕߔࠆߦ޽ߚࠅ‫ޔ‬ઍ↰ካਥછ⎇ⓥຬࠍᆎ߼઒ቯߔࠆߣ‫ߩߘޔ‬ᷓᐲߪ⚂ 160 m ߣߥࠆ‫ߩߎޕ‬ᷓᐲߪ‫ޔ‬ߣߔࠆ␹ᄹᎹ⋵᷷ᴰ࿾ቇ⎇ⓥᚲߩ⊝᭽ߦߏදജ޿ߚߛ߈

HCl ࠍ฽᦭ߔࠆࠟࠬ‫ޔ‬GB ߩሽ࿷ߔࠆᷓᐲ 500m ࠃࠅ߽߹ߒߚ‫⪦ޔߚ߹ޕ‬ᐕ৻೰ਥછ⎇ⓥຬߪᧄ⺰ᢥߩᛩⓂࠍ⮈ᵻߊ‫ޔ‬HCl ߦን߻ᵹ૕ߪᷓᐲ 160 㨪 500 m ߩ㗔ၞߢ਄߼ߡ޿ߚߛ߈߹ߒߚ‫ߩߎޕ‬႐ࠍ߅୫ࠅߒߡᗵ⻢ߩᗧࠍ⴫᣹߇೙㒢ߐࠇߡ޿ࠆߣ⠨߃ࠄࠇࠆ‫ޕ‬ߒ߹ߔ‫▫ޕ‬ᩮ↸߅ࠃ߮▫ᩮ᷷ᴰଏ⛎ᩣᑼળ␠ߪ⫳᳇੗߆ࠄߩࠟࠬណขࠍᔟߊ⸵นߒߡ޿ߚߛ߈߹ߒߚ‫ޕ‬ᷓߊᗵ⻢‫⺰⚿ޓ‬޿ߚߒ߹ߔ‫⺰ᧄޕ‬ᢥߩౝኈߣ᭴ᚑߪඞฬᩏ⺒⠪㧞ฬߩߏ‫▫ޓ‬ᩮጊࠞ࡞࠺࡜ਛᄩἫญਐߩጊ㣽ߦ⊒㆐ߔࠆ࿾ᾲ࿾Ꮺ

ᜰ៰ߦࠃࠅ‫ޔ‬ᄢ߈ߊᡷༀߐࠇ߹ߒߚ‫ߡߒ⸥ߦߎߎޕ‬ᷓߊߦ߅޿ߡ‫ྃޔ‬᳇‫⫳ޔ‬᳇੗ࠟࠬ‫⥄ޔ‬ὼḝ಴᷷ᴰ᳓ࠍណขߒ‫ޔ‬ᗵ⻢޿ߚߒ߹ߔ‫ޕ‬ൻቇ⚵ᚑ‫ޔ‬቟ቯห૏૕Ყ‫ޔ‬Ꮧࠟࠬ⚵ᚑࠍ᷹ቯߒߚ‫ࠟޕ‬ࠬ⹜ᢱߦߟ޿ߡߪ‫ޔ‬He ࠍ଻ሽᚑಽߣߒߡ‫ޔ‬ൻቇ⚵ᚑߦෳ⠨ᢥ₂⷗ࠄࠇࠆᄙ᭽ᕈࠍ‫ޔ‬RH㧔㉄ൻㆶరࡐ࠹ࡦࠪࡖ࡞㧕‫ޔ‬CH4/$LXSSD $ Inguaggiato, S., 0F*RQLJOH $-6 2 'Z\HU

CO2 Ყࠍᜰᮡߣߒߡಽ㘃ߔࠆߎߣ߇ߢ߈ߚ‫ޕ‬ೋ↢⊛ߥࡑ

0 Oppenheimer, C., Padgett, 0- Rouwet, D.,ࠣࡑᕈߩ᳇૕ߪሹᐩᷓᐲ 500 m ߩ 52 ภ⫳᳇੗߆ࠄ᡼಴

Valenza, 0 (2005)

ߐࠇࠆࠟࠬߢઍ⴫ߐࠇ‫ޔ‬RH ߣ CH4/CO2 Ყ߇ૐ޿‫ߩߎޕ‬

Stromboli, and Vulcano (,WDO\) and implicationsࠟࠬ߇࿾⴫ㄭߊߩㆶర⊛ߥⅣႺࠍㅢㆊߒ‫ޔ‬RH ߇㜞ߊߥfor the sulfur budget at volcanoes.

ࠆ႐ว߇޽ࠆ‫ࡑࠣࡑޕ‬ᕈߩ㉄ൻ⊛ߥ㗔ၞࠍขࠅ࿐߻ㆶర

Cosmochim. $FWD  1861-1871

H2S IOX[HV from 0W Etna,
Geochim.

⊛ߥᾲ᳓㗔ၞߢߪ RH ߣ CH4/CO2 Ყ߇㜞޿᳇⋧߇ಽᏓߒ

Coleman, 0/ Shepherd, 7- Durham, -- Rouse, -(ߡ޿ࠆ‫⎇ᧄޕ‬ⓥߢណขߒߚࠟࠬߩᄢඨߪߎߩ⒳㘃ߦಽ㘃

and 0RRUH G.R. (1982) Reduction of water withߐࠇࠆ‫ޕ‬RH ߇ૐߊ CH4/CO2 Ყ߇㜞޿․⇣ߥࠟࠬ߇㧞଀zinc for K\GURJHQ isotope DQDO\VLV $QDO&KHP ᷹ⷰߐࠇߚ߇‫ࡑࠣࡑߪࠇߎޔ‬ᕈߩ᳇૕ߦᾲ᳓㗔ၞߩ᳇⋧

993-995.

߇ᷙ౉ߒߚߣߒߡ⺑᣿ߢ߈ࠆ‫ ߩࠬࠟޕ‬H2S Ớᐲߪ‫ޔ‬52

ઍ↰ካ࡮᫜↰ବ’࡮ਤ଻ବ຦࡮દ᧲ඳ࡮ේ↰᣽ᱞ㧔2007㧕ภ⫳᳇੗ߩࠟࠬߢᦨ߽㜞ߊ‫ᦨޔ‬ㄭ಴⃻ߒߚྃ᳇ߢߪ㗼⪺

2001 ᐕ▫ᩮἫጊߢ↢ߓߚ࿾Ზᄌേߩ࿶ജḮ⸃ᨆ㧘ߦỚᐲ߇ૐ޿‫ޕ‬H2S Ớᐲߩૐਅߪ‫ޔ‬࿾ጀࠍ᭴ᚑߔࠆጤ⍹ᣣᧄἫጊቇળ⻠Ṷ੍Ⓜ㓸㧘2007 ᐕᐲ⑺ቄᄢળ㧘p51

2+ߦ฽߹ࠇࠆ Fe ߣ H2S ߩ෻ᔕߦࠃࠅ FeS2㧔3\ULWH㧕߇↢

Epstein, S. and 0D\HGD 7. (1953) Variation of 18O

ᚑߒߚߚ߼ߦ⿠߈ߚน⢻ᕈ߇޽ࠆ‫ޕ‬FeS2 ߩ↢ᚑᤨߦߪcontent of waters from natural sources. Geochim.

H2 ࠟࠬ߇⊒↢ߒ RH ࠍ਄᣹ߐߖࠆน⢻ᕈ߇޽ࠅ‫▫ޔ‬ᩮࠞ

&RVPRFKLP$FWD  213-224.

࡞࠺࡜ਛᄩἫญਐߦ߅ߌࠆἫጊࠟࠬ⚵ᚑㅴൻߩၮᧄ⊛ߥ

Fernandez-Prini, R., $OYDUH] -/ and +DUYH\ $+ (2003)

ࡊࡠ࠮ࠬߩ߭ߣߟ߆߽⍮ࠇߥ޿‫ޕ‬+HQU\ V constants and YDSRUOLTXLG‫⎇ᧄޓ‬ⓥߢណขߐࠇߚ᷷ᴰ᳓ߪ‫㉄ޔ‬ᕈ⎫㉄ᴰߦಽ㘃ߐ

constants for gaseous solutions in H2O and D2Oࠇ‫ޔ‬ጤ⍹ߣߩ⋧੕૞↪ߪೋᦼ⊛ߥᲑ㓏ߦ޽ࠅ‫ޔ‬0Q0J

at high temperature. - 3K\V Chem. Ref. Data, distribution

903-916.

ዊᨋ‫ޓ‬ᷕ࡮ᅏ㊁ల࡮ਛ᧛ବᄦ 1997  ▫ᩮฎᦼᄖベጊ⷏

Fournier, R.O. (1977) Chemical geothermometers andᢳ㕙ߦಽᏓߔࠆਛᄩἫญਐ⿠ḮߩἫ⎈ᵹၸⓍ‛ߩ
14

PL[LQJ models for geothermal V\VWHPV Geothermics,
 41-50.

Cᐕઍ ,Ἣጊ ,  355-358.

ਭ㊁ਭ㧔1972㧕▫ᩮἫጊ࿾⾰࿑

Giggenbach, W. (1974) 7KH FKHPLVWU\ of crater lake, 0W↸↰ᵗ㧔1971㧕▫ᩮἫጊ㧔ᣣᧄἫጊቇળ✬㧕㧘p77-102

Ruapehu (New Zealand) during and after the 1971⪦ᐕ৻೰ 2003 ᢥ₂ߦࠃࠆ▫ᩮ⟲⊒࿾㔡ᵴേߩౣᬌ⸛
(1917-60 㧧▫ᩮ⟲⊒࿾㔡ᵴേߩ࿾ቇ⊛ᗧ⟵ , Ἣጊ㧘active period. New Zealand - Sci.,  33-45.
Giggenbach, W.F. (1975) $ simple method for thecollection and DQDO\VLV of volcanic samples. Bull.

 425-443㧚
0DWVXR S., Kusakabe, 0 Niwano, 0 Hirano, 7 andOki, Y. (1985) Origin of thermal waters from theVolcanol.,  132-145.
Giggenbach, W.F. (1987) 5HGR[ processes govering the

Hakone geothermal V\VWHP -DSDQ *HRFKHP- 

FKHPLVWU\ of fumarolic gas discharges from White
Island, New Zealand. $SSO Geochem.,  143-161.

27-44.
Nagao, K., 7DNDRND N. and 0DWVXED\DVKL O. (1979)

Giggenbach, W.F. (1988) Geothermal solute HTXLOLEULDIsotopic anomalies of rare gases in the Nigorikawa

Derivation of 1D.0J&D geoindicators. Geochim.

geothermal area, Hokkaido, -DSDQ Earth Planet. Sci.

Cosmochim. $FWD  2749-2765.

Lett.,  82-90.

Giggenbach, W.F. (1992) Isotopic shifts in waters fromᄢᧁ㕏ⴡ࡮ⵑ↰๺ᄦ㧔1975㧕▫ᩮ⧃ࡁḓ⺀↢ߩߥߙࠍߐ

geothermal and volcanic V\VWHPV along convergent
plate boundaries and their origin. Earth Planet. Sci.

ߋࠆ㧚࿖࿯ߣᢎ⢒㧘 30), 2-9.
Oki, Y. and Hirano, 7 (1970) 7KH geothermal V\VWHP of
the Hakone volcano. Geothermics, 2 (Special Issue),Lett.,  495-510.
Giggenbach, W.F. (1997) 7KH origin and evolution of1157-1166.

fluids in PDJPDWLFK\GURWKHUPDO V\VWHPV In, H.L.

Ossaka, - Ozawa, 7 Nomura, 7 Ossaka, 7

Barnes (Editor), *HRFKHPLVWU\ of K\GURWKHUPDO ore+LUDED\DVKL - 7DNDHVX $ and +D\DVKL 7 (1980)

deposit, pp. 737-796.

Variation of chemical compositions in volcanicHelgeson, H.C. (1969) 7KHUPRG\QDPLFV of K\GURWKHUPDO

gases and waters at Kusatsu-Shirane Volcano and its

V\VWHPV at elevated temperatures and pressures. $P -
Sci.,  729-804.

DFWLYLW\ in 1976. Bull. Volconol.,  207-216.
Ozawa, 7 (1968) Chemical DQDO\VLV of volcanic gases, I.

+HOJHVRQ+&'HODQ\-01HVELWW+:DQG%LUG'.

Chemical DQDO\VLV of volcanic gases containing water  6XPPDU\ DQG FULWLTXH RI WKH WKHUPRG\PDQLF

vapor, K\GURJHQ chloride, sulfur GLR[LGH K\GURJHQ

SURSHUWLHVRIURFNIRUPLQJPLQHUDOV$P-6FL#,VXO¿GH carbon GLR[LGH etc. Geochem. Int.,  939-

1-229.

947.

Hernandez, 3$ Notsu, K., Salazar, -0 0RUL 7

Ozima, 0 and Podosek, )$ (2002) Noble gas

Natale, G., Okada, H., Virgili, G., Shimoike, Y.,JHRFKHPLVWU\ second ed. Cambridge Univ. Press.

Sato, 0 and Perez, 10 (2001) Carbon GLR[LGH

Sawa, 7 Ohba, 7 and +LUDED\DVKL - (2006) 7KH

degassing E\ advective flow from Usu volcano,K\GURWKHUPDO V\VWHP beneath Ohwakudani on Hakone-DSDQ Science,  83-86.

volcano, -DSDQ 7UDFHG E\ stable isotope ratio of-DKQH B., Heinz, G. and Dietrich, W. (1987)

H2O. - Nucl. Sci. 7HFK 468-473.

0HDVXUHPHQW of the diffusion coefficients of

7DUDQ Y., Fischer, 73 Cienfuegos, E. and 0RUDOHV P.

VSDULQJO\ soluble gases in water. - *HRSK\V Res.,(2002) *HRFKHPLVWU\ of K\GURWKHUPDO fluids from 10767-10776.

an intraplate ocean island, Everman volcano, Socorro

Kita, I., Nitta, K., Nagao, K., 7DJXFKL S. and Koga, $

Island, 0H[LFR Chem. Geol.,  51-63.

(1993) Difference in N2$U ratio of magmatic gases
from northeast and southwest -DSDQ New evidence
for different states of plate subduction. *HRORJ\ 
391-394.

#‫ޓ‬ઃ㍳㧝ᚑߔࠆߎߣߪߥ޿‫ޔߡߞࠃޕ‬࿾ਅࠍ⒖േߔࠆ㑆ߦ૗ࠄ߆#‫଻ޓ‬ሽᚑಽߩൻቇ෻ᔕߦࠃࠅ࿕ቯߐࠇᄬࠊࠇࠆน⢻ᕈߪߥ޿‫߆ߒޕ‬‫ޓ‬Ἣጊࠟࠬߩൻቇ⊛ㅴൻࠍ⸃᣿ߔࠆߚ߼ߦ‫଻ޟ‬ሽᚑಽ‫ޠ‬ߒ‫ޔ‬࿾ਅ᳓ߪᄢ᳇ߣṁ⸃ᐔⴧߦ޽ࠆᏗࠟࠬࠍ฽᦭ߔࠆߩ

ߩ᭎ᔨࠍዉ౉ߔࠆߎߣߪ㊀ⷐߥ㎛ߣߥࠆߛࠈ߁‫ޕ‬ߎߎߢ‫ޔ‬

ߢ‫ޔ‬ⓨ᳇⿠Ḯᚑಽߩઃടࠍฃߌࠆน⢻ᕈߪ㜞޿‫ޕ‬એਅߢ‫଻ޟ‬ሽᚑಽ‫߇ࠬࠟޔߪߣޠ‬࿾Ზౝࠍ⒖േߔࠆ㓙ߦ‫ޔ‬Ⴧടߪ‫ྃޔ‬᳇ߦ฽߹ࠇࠆᏗࠟࠬ߇଻ሽᚑಽߣߒߡ‫ޔ‬Ἣጊࠟࠬߒߚࠅᷫዋߒߚࠅߒߥ޿ᚑಽߩߎߣࠍᗧ๧ߔࠆ‫ߚ߹ޕ‬ᒰߩൻቇ⊛ㅴൻߦ㑐ߔࠆ⼏⺰ߦ೑↪ߢ߈ࠆ߆ᬌ⸛ߔࠆ‫ޕ‬ὼߥ߇ࠄ‫଻ࠆߔߣ⊛⋡ޔ‬ሽᚑಽߪࡑࠣࡑ⿠Ḯߢߥߌࠇ߫
ߥࠄߥ޿‫ߦ⊛⥸৻ޕ‬Ἣጊࠟࠬߩਥᚑಽߪ᳓⫳᳇ߢ޽ࠆ#‫ޓ‬Ἣጊࠟࠬ⹜ᢱߩᏗࠟࠬߣ 02߇‫ޔ‬᳓⫳᳇ߪಝ❗ߒߚࠅ‫ޔ‬ᄤ᳓⿠Ḯߩ⫳᳇ࠍઃടߐࠇߚ

‫ޓ‬Fig. $ ߦ F(84Kr ߣ F(132Xe 㑆ߩ⋧㑐ࠍ␜ߔ‫ޕ‬F(i ߪ‫ޔ‬ࠅߔࠆน⢻ᕈ߇㜞ߊ‫଻ޔ‬ሽᕈߪૐ޿ߣ⠨߃ࠄࠇࠆ‫▫ޕ‬ᩮ

36ጊߦ߅ߌࠆྃ᳇ߩᚑ࿃ߣߒߡ‫⿠ࡑࠣࡑޔ‬Ḯߩ㜞ࠛࡦ࠲࡞ⷙᩰൻߒߚ୯ߢ‫ޔ‬એਅߩᑼߢቯ⟵ߐࠇࠆ‫ޕ‬$U ߦኻߔࠆᏗࠟࠬ i ߩᲧࠍߐࠄߦᮡḰ⊛ߥᄢ᳇ߩᲧߢ

ࡇ࡯ࠟࠬߣ࿾ਅ᳓⿠Ḯߩ⫳᳇޽ࠆ޿ߪ‫ޔ‬࿾ਅ᳓ߘߩ߽ߩ

GO6 ߩห૏૕Ყߪ㜞ߊ‫ޔ‬ᚲ⻐‫৻ޔ‬ᰴ⫳᳇㧔PS㧦3ULPDU\

(14)
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¹ $U ߅ࠃ߮ i ߪ‫ߩࠬ࡯ࡌ࡞ࡕޔ‬Ớᐲࠍ⴫ߥ߅‫ޔ‬ᑼߩਛߢ

steam㧕 ߩ ⚵ ᚑ ߦ ㄭ ޿㧔Fig. 5㧕‫ ৻ ޔߢ ߎ ߎ ޕ‬ᰴ ⫳ ᳇ ߣ⃻ߒߡ޿ࠆ‫⥄ޕ‬᣿ߥߎߣߣߒߡ‫ޔ‬ᄢ᳇⹜ᢱߩ F ୯ߪ 1 ߣߪ‫⿠ࡑࠣࡑޔ‬Ḯߩ H2O ࠟࠬߣ಄ߚ޿࿾ਅ᳓߇ᷙวߒߚ

ߥࠆ‫ޕ‬Fig. $ ߦߪ‫ޔ‬ᄢ᳇ߩ୯㧔$LU㧕‫ޔ‬ᄢ᳇ߣ 0‫ޔ‬10͠⚿ᨐ‫⫳ࠆߔ↢⊒ޔ‬᳇ࠍᗧ๧ߔࠆ㧔Sawa et al., 2006㧕‫ޕ‬PS

ߢṁ⸃ᐔⴧߦ޽ࠆ᳓ߩᏗࠟࠬ⚵ᚑߩ F ୯㧔$6:͠‫ޔ‬

߇ Fig. 5 ߦ߅޿ߡὐߢߪߥߊ‫ߩࠆࠇߐ⃻⴫ߡߒߣ✢ޔ‬$6:͠㧕߇␜ߐࠇߡ޿ࠆ‫⹜ࠬࠟޕ‬ᢱߩᱴߤߪ‫ޔ‬$LU

ߪ‫ࡑࠣࡑޔ‬ᕈ⫳᳇ߣᄤ᳓ߩᷙว₸ߦ⥄↱ᐲࠍਈ߃ߡ޿ࠆ

ߣ $6: ߩ ᷙ ว ᦛ ✢ ߩ ㄭ ற ߦ ಽ Ꮣ ߒ ߡ ޿ ࠆ‫ޔߒ ߆ ߒ ޕ‬ߚ߼ߢ޽ࠆ‫ޕ‬GS1‫ޔ‬GS2‫ޔ‬GO7 ߥߤߪ‫৻ޔ‬ᰴ⫳᳇߇ㇱಽ

GO5 ߪᷙวᦛ✢߆ࠄ 132Xe ߇Ⴧ߃ࠆᣇะߦࡊࡠ࠶࠻ߐࠇ

ߩᷙวߦࠃࠅ⊒↢ߔࠆ⫳᳇ࠍྃ᳇ߩ⿠Ḯߣߔࠆࡕ࠺࡞߇
ឭ᩺ߐࠇߡ޿ࠆ㧔Sawa et al., 2006㧕‫⎇ᧄޕ‬ⓥߩಽᨆ⚿ᨐ߽ၮᧄ⊛ߦߪ‫ߣ࡞࠺ࡕߩߘޔ‬ᢛว⊛ߢ޽ࠆ‫ޕ‬GB‫ޔ‬GO5‫ޔ‬⊛ߦಝ❗ߒߡ᳓ࠍᄬߞߚ႐วߩห૏૕Ყࠍ␜ߒߡ޿ࠆ‫ޕ‬ߡ޿ࠆ‫ྃޕ‬᳇ߩ୯߇‫ޔ‬$LU ߣ $6: ߩᷙวᦛ✢ߦኻߒߡ‫ޔ‬GO1‫ޔ‬GO8 ߽ಝ❗ߩᓇ㗀ࠍฃߌߡ޿ࠆߣ⠨߃ࠄࠇࠆ߇‫ޔ‬132ߎࠇࠄߩࠟࠬߩ႐วߪ‫৻ޔ‬ᰴ⫳᳇ߩᒻᚑߦ߅޿ߡࡑࠣࡑ

ࠅ‫ࡠࠦ࠰ߩࠦࠪࠠࡔޔ‬ፉ‫ࡦࡑ࡯ࡃࠛޔ‬Ἣጊߩྃ᳇ߢ߽ⷰ

⿠Ḯ H2O ߩነਈ߇㕖Ᏹߦዊߐ޿ߣ⠨߃ࠄࠇࠆ‫ߚߩߘޕ‬᷹ߐࠇߡ޿ࠆ‫ࡦࡑ࡯ࡃࠛޕ‬Ἣጊߩྃ᳇ߢߪ‫ޔ‬ᄢ᳇߅ࠃ߮‫ޔ‬߼ߦ‫⚛㉄ޔߦ․ޔ‬ห૏૕Ყ߇ૐ޿‫ޔߦࠆߔⷐޕ‬቟ቯห૏ᄢ᳇ᵷ↢ᚑಽએᄖߩᚑಽߣߒߡ‫ޔ‬ᴉߺㄟߺᏪߩࡑࠣࡑߦ

૕Ყߩ⚿ᨐ߆ࠄ‫▫ޔ‬ᩮጊߩἫጊࠟࠬߩ H2O ߦߟ޿ߡߪ‫ޔ‬ኻߔࠆᶏᵗၸⓍ‛ߩነਈߩน⢻ᕈ߇␜ໂߐࠇߡ޿ࠆ‫ޕ‬࿾ਅ᳓ᚑಽߩઃട߿ಝ❗ߦࠃࠆ᳓⫳᳇ߩ㒰෰߇⿠߈ߡ߅

Fig. $ ߦ F(84Kr ߣ F(20Ne 㑆ߩ⋧㑐ࠍ␜ߔ‫ޕ‬ᱴߤߩࠅ‫଻ޔ‬ሽᚑಽߣߒߡ↪޿ࠆߩߪㆡᒰߢߥ޿‫ޕ‬ࠟࠬ⹜ᢱߪ‫ޔ‬$LU ߣ $6: ࠍ⚿߱ᷙว✢ߩㄭறߦಽᏓߒ

‫੹ޓ‬࿁ណขߒߚ᷷ᴰ᳓ߪ㉄ᕈࠍ␜ߒߡ޿ࠆ‫ޕ‬ߎߩߎߣߪ‫ޔ‬ߡ޿ࠆ߽ߩߩ‫ޔ‬GS1 ߦߪ߭ߣߟߛߌ‫ޔ‬20Ne ߩㆊ೾߇ⷰ

࿾ਅߩⅣႺ߇㉄ᕈߢ޽ࠅ‫ޔ‬CaCO3 ߥߤߩ὇㉄Ⴎ߇ᴉᲚ᷹ߐࠇߡ޿ࠆ‫ޕ‬Nagao et al.(1979 ߪἫጊࠟࠬߦ฽߹ࠇ

ߒߦߊ޿᧦ઙߢ޽ࠆߎߣࠍᥧ␜ߒߡ޿ࠆ‫ ߼ߚߩߎޕ‬CO2ࠆᏗࠟࠬ߇ᒝ޿ಽ೎૞↪ࠍฃߌߡ޿ࠆߎߣࠍႎ๔ߒߡ޿

ߪ‫ޔ‬ዋߥߊߣ߽὇㉄Ⴎߥߤߩੑᰴ㋶‛ߣߒߡᄬࠊࠇࠆน

ࠆ‫ޕ‬GS1 ߦ⷗ࠄࠇࠆ 20Ne ߩㆊ೾ߪ‫ޔ‬᜛ᢔߩࠃ߁ߥ㕖ᐔ⢻ᕈߪૐ޿ߣ⠨߃ࠄࠇࠆ‫ޔߒ߆ߒޕ‬CO2 ߪἫጊ⿠Ḯએᄖⴧ⊛ߥ‛ℂㆊ⒟ߦࠃࠅ⊒↢ߒߚߩ߆߽⍮ࠇߥ޿‫ޕ‬ߣߒߡ↢‛⿠Ḯ CO2 ߥߤߩઃട߽޽ࠅ߁ࠆ‫ޔߪߦࠄߐޕ‬‫ޓ‬Fig. $ ߦ F(84Kr ߣ F(4He 㑆ߩ⋧㑐ࠍ␜ߔ‫⹜ࠬࠟޕ‬ߚߣ߃߫ㆶర⊛ߥⅣႺߦ߅޿ߡએਅߩ෻ᔕ‫ޔ‬ᢱߪߔߴߡ $LU ߣ $6: ߩᷙว✢ࠃࠅ߽ᄢ߈ߊ㔌ࠇߡಽ

Xe ߇ㆊ೾ߦሽ࿷ߔࠆ௑ะߪ‫ޔ‬7DUDQ et al. (2002 ߦࠃᏓߒ‫ޔ‬ᄢ᳇߅ࠃ߮ $6: ߣߪ೎ߦㆊ೾ߥ 4He ߇ሽ࿷ߒߡ
CO2

+

4H2

=

CH4

+ 2H2O ‫ ޓޓޓޓޓޓޓ‬13)޿ࠆ‫ޕ‬Fig. $ ߦ 4He/20Ne Ყߣ 3He/4He Ყߩ⋧㑐ࠍ␜ߔ‫ޕ‬
4

He/20Ne Ყ߇㜞ߊ‫ޔ‬3He/4He Ყߩ㜞޿┵ᚑಽߣⓨ᳇⿠Ḯߢࡔ࠲ࡦߦォ឵ߔࠆน⢻ᕈ߽޽ࠆ‫ޕ‬એ਄ߩߎߣࠍ⠨ᘦߒᚑಽߩ㑆ߩᷙว߇‫ޔ‬ᦛ✢ߣߒߡ⴫⃻ߐࠇߡ޿ࠆ‫ޔߦ⥸৻ޕ‬ߡ߽‫ޔ‬᳓⫳᳇ߩᰴߦỚᐲ߇㜞޿ᚑಽߣߒߡ CO2 ߩ଻ሽࡑࠣࡑ⿠Ḯߩᵹ૕ߪ 3He/4He Ყߩ㜞޿┵ᚑಽߦኻᔕߒߡ

ᕈߪ᳓⫳᳇ࠃࠅߪ‫ޔ‬㜞޿߆߽ߒࠇߥ޿‫ޕ‬޿ࠆ㧔Ozima and Podosek, 2002㧕
‫ޕ‬3He ߪࡑࡦ࠻࡞ߦ⿠

ᦨ߽଻ሽᕈߩ㜞޿ᚑಽߣߒߡߪᏗࠟࠬ߇⠨߃ࠄࠇࠆ‫ߥޕ‬Ḯࠍᜬߟᚑಽߢ޽ࠅ‫ޔ‬Fig. $ ߩ௑ะߪ‫▫ޔ‬ᩮጊߢ߽ࡑ

ߗߥࠄ‫ޔ‬Ꮧࠟࠬߪ‫ߥ⊛⥸৻ޔ‬࿾ਅⅣႺߢߪ‫ޔ‬ൻว‛ࠍᒻࡦ࠻࡞ߦ↱᧪ߔࠆ He ߇ࠟࠬ⹜ᢱߦ฽߹ࠇߡ޿ࠆߎߣࠍ࿑ #㧚Ἣጊࠟࠬ㧘᷷ᴰ᳓ߦ฽߹ࠇࠆᏗࠟࠬߩ (-T ߣ (

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᳇ߣᐔⴧߦ޽ࠆ᳓ߦṁ⸃ߔࠆᏗࠟࠬ⚵ᚑࠍ␜ߒߡ޿ࠆ㧚(KI#  %QTTGNCVKQP DGVYGGP (-T  CPF (132:G  EQPVCKPGF KP VJG XQNECPKE ICU CPF JQV URTKPI YCVGT #59͠ CPF#59͠KPH KIWTGKPFKECVGVJGEQORQUKVKQPQHVJGTCTGICUFKUUQNXGFKPRWTGYCVGTGSWKNKDTCVGFYKVJCKT
CVCPF͠ TGURGEVKXGN[␜ߒߡ޿ࠆ‫⹜ࠬࠟߩߡోޔߦࠄߐޕ‬ᢱ߇න৻ߩᷙวᦛ✢‫ޓ‬એ਄ߩᏗࠟࠬ߅ࠃ߮ N2 Ớᐲ㑆ߩ⋧㑐ࠍ✚᜝ߔࠆߣ‫ޔ‬਄ߦᴪߞߡಽᏓߒߡ߅ࠅ‫ޔ‬He ߦ㑐ߒߡߪଏ⛎Ḯ߇න৻ᄢ᳇߅ࠃ߮ᄢ᳇ᵷ↢ᚑಽએᄖߩ⿠Ḯࠍ᦭ߔࠆᚑಽߩነਈ

ߢ޽ࠆߣ⸃㉼ߐࠇࠆ‫ޕ‬߇᣿⏕ߦ⹺߼ࠄࠇࠆߩߪ‫ޔ‬4He‫ޔ‬N2‫ޔ‬40$U ߢ޽ࠅ‫ߩߘޔ‬‫ޓޓ‬40$U ߪ K ߩ᡼኿უᄌ߆ࠄ↢ᚑߔࠆᏗࠟࠬߢ޽ࠅ‫ࡑޔ‬ߥ߆ߢ߽ 4He ߪ㕖ᄢ᳇ᚑಽߩነਈ₸߇ᦨ߽㜞޿‫ޕ‬N2 ߦ

ࠣࡑߪ 40$U ࠍ᡼಴ߒߡ޿ࠆ߆߽ߒࠇߥ޿‫ޕ‬Fig. $ ߦ߽㕖ᄢ᳇ᚑಽ߇⹺߼ࠄࠇࠆ߇‫ޔ‬GO8 ߣ GY2 ߦߪᄢ᳇ߩ

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F( $U ߣ F( Kr ߩ⋧㑐ࠍ␜ߔ‫⹜ࠬࠟޕ‬ᢱߪ‫ޔ‬$LU$6:⋥ធ⊛ߥᷙ౉߇⹺߼ࠄࠇࠆ‫ ࠄ߆ߣߎߩࠄࠇߎޕ‬4He ߪࡑᷙว✢ߩㄭறߦಽᏓߔࠆ߇‫ోޔ‬૕⊛ߦߪᷙว✢ࠃࠅ߽਄ࠣࡑ⿠Ḯߩ଻ሽᚑಽߣߒߡᦨ߽ㆡᒰߢ޽ࠆߣ⠨߃ࠄࠇ40ᣇߦಽᏓߒ‫ޔ‬ᄢ᳇ᚑಽએᄖߩㆊ೾ߥ $U ߇ሽ࿷ߔࠆߎ

ࠆ‫ޕ‬ߣࠍ␜ߒߡ޿ࠆ‫ޕ‬N2 ߪᏗࠟࠬߢߪߥ޿߇‫ޔ‬෻ᔕᕈ߇ૐ
޿ᚑಽߥߩߢ‫ޔ‬Ꮧࠟࠬߣห᭽ߥขࠅᛒ޿߇ߢ߈ࠆߛࠈ߁‫ޕ‬
84#‫ޓ‬᷷ᴰ᳓⹜ᢱߩᏗࠟࠬ

Fig. $ ߦ F(N2 ߣ F( Kr ߩ⋧㑐ࠍ␜ߔ‫ޕ‬‫ޓ‬᷷ᴰ᳓ߦ߽ᓸ㊂ߥ߇ࠄᏗࠟࠬ߇฽߹ࠇߡ߅ࠅ‫ ߩߘޔ‬F‫ޔߪࠬࠟߩߡోޓ‬$LU$6: ᷙว✢ߩ਄ᣇߦಽᏓߒ‫ޔ‬ᄢ୯ࠍ⷗ࠆߣ‫ޔ‬F(84Kr ߦ $6: ࠍ⿥߃ࠆ㜞޿୯߇ੑߟߩ

᳇ᚑಽએᄖߩ N2 ߇ઃടߐࠇߡ޿ࠆߎߣࠍ␜ߒߡ޿ࠆ‫ޕ‬⹜ᢱ‫ޔ‬WO6‫ޔ‬WS2 ߦߟ޿ߡ⷗ࠄࠇࠆ㧔Fig. $㧕
‫ࠄߐޕ‬

4

ߒ߆ߒ‫ޔ‬N2 ߩ F ୯ߪ He ߩ F ୯ߦᲧセߔࠆߣߪࠆ߆ߦ

ߦ F(132Xe ߦߟ޿ߡߪ‫ޔ‬WO5 ߣ WS1 ߦ߽ $6: ࠍ⿥߃ዊߐ޿‫ޕ‬Fig. $ ߦࠟࠬ⹜ᢱߦ฽߹ࠇࠆ N2‫ޔ‬He‫ޔ‬$U ਃࠆ㜞޿୯߇᷹ⷰߐࠇߡ޿ࠆ‫ޕ‬F(20Ne ߦߟ޿ߡߪ‫ߡోޔ‬ᚑಽ࿑ࠍ␜ߔ‫ޕ‬ⅣᄥᐔᵗፉᒐἫጊ߆ࠄ᡼಴ߐࠇࠆࠟࠬ

ߩ⹜ᢱߦߟ޿ߡ $6: ߣ $LU ߩ▸࿐ߦ෼߹ߞߡ޿ࠆ㧔Fig.

ߩ┵ᚑಽ㧔&3$9㧕ߣ $LU‫ޔ‬$6: ߩ㧟ᚑಽߩᷙวߦࠃࠅ

$㧕‫ޕ‬F(84Kr ߣ F(132Xe ߦ⷗ࠄࠇࠆㆊ೾୯ߩේ࿃ࠍត

ࠟࠬ⹜ᢱߩ N2‫ޔ‬He‫ޔ‬$U 㑆ߩ⋧ኻỚᐲߪ⺑᣿ߐࠇࠆ‫ߎޕ‬ࠆߚ߼ߦ‫ޔ‬H2O‫ޔ‬84Kr‫ޔ‬36$U ߩ㧟ᚑಽ࿑ߣߒߡ Fig. $ߩ․ᓽߪᣣᧄߩἫጊߦ৻⥸ߦ⷗ࠄࠇࠆ௑ะ㧔Kita et al.,ࠍឬ޿ߚ‫ޕ‬Fig. $ ߦߪ⹜ᢱߩὐߦട߃ߡ‫ޔ‬$LU‫ޔ‬$6:

1993㧕ߣ৻⥌ߒ‫ޔ‬N2 ߣ He ߇ࡑࠣࡑ⿠Ḯߢ޽ࠆߎߣࠍ⸽

߅ࠃ߮৻ᰴᾲ᳓㧔PW㧦3ULPDU\ water㧕ߩᚑಽ߽␜ߒߡ

᣿ߒߡ޿ࠆ‫ޕ‬޽ࠆ‫ޔߢߎߎޕ‬PW ߪᄤ᳓ߣࡑࠣࡑᕈ⫳᳇߇ᷙวߒߚ⚿࿑ #㧚Ἣጊࠟࠬ㧘᷷ᴰ᳓ߦ฽߹ࠇࠆᏗࠟࠬߩ (-T ߣ (-T CPF(࿑ #㧚Ἣጊࠟࠬ㧘᷷ᴰ᳓ߦ฽߹ࠇࠆᏗࠟࠬߩ (

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⋭⇛ߔࠆ߇‫ޔ‬ᾲ᳓ߦኻߔࠆᏗࠟࠬߩṁ⸃ᐲߪ Fernandez-ࠬߩᄢඨߪ⫳᳇⋧ߦಽ㈩ߐࠇ‫৻ޔ‬ᰴᾲ᳓ߦߪᱴߤᱷሽߒ

Prini et al. (2003 ߩ୯ࠍ↪޿ߚ‫ޔ߅ߥޕ‬PW ߇࿑ਛߢⶄ

ߥ޿ߎߣ߇␜ߐࠇߡ޿ࠆ‫ޕ‬ណขߐࠇߚ᷷ᴰ᳓ߩ⚵ᚑߪ‫ޔ‬ᢙߩὐߣߒߡ⴫⃻ߐࠇߡ޿ࠆߩߪ‫ࡑࠣࡑޔ‬ᕈ⫳᳇ߣᄤ᳓$6: ߅ࠃ߮ $LU ߣ PW ߩਛ㑆⊛ߥ૏⟎ߦಽᏓߒߡ޿ࠆ


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ṁ⸃ᐔⴧߦߥߊ‫ޔ‬࿾ਅߩ⁁ᘒࠍ଻ሽߒߡ޿ࠆߎߣࠍᗧ๧
H2O‫ޔ‬132Xe‫ޔ‬36$U ߩਃᚑಽ࿑
ߒߡ޿ࠆ‫ޕ‬એ਄ߩ௑ะߪ‫ޔ‬
㧔Fig.
$㧕ߢ߽ห᭽ߢ޽ࠆ‫ޕ‬‫ޔߢߎߎޓ‬F(84Kr ߣ F(132Xe ߦㆊ೾߇⷗ࠄࠇߚ WO6‫ޔ‬
WS2 ߪ‫⹜ߩઁޔ‬ᢱߦᲧߴߡ‫ޔ‬84Kr ߣ 36$U ߩ฽᦭㊂߇ዋߥ޿‫ߩࠄࠇߎߪߣߎߩߎޕ‬᷷ᴰ᳓߇৻ᰴᾲ᳓ߦㄭ޿ᕈ
⾰ࠍ᦭ߒߡ޿ࠆߎߣࠍ␜ߒߡ޿ࠆ‫߽ߦࠇߘޔߒ߆ߒޕ‬᜔ࠊࠄߕ‫ޔ‬WO6‫ޔ‬WS2 ߪ৻ᰴᾲ᳓ࠃࠅߪㆊ೾ߦ 132Xe‫ޔ‬
Kr‫ޔ‬36$U ࠍ฽ࠎߢ߅ࠅ‫ ߩߘޔ‬132Xe/36$U Ყߣ 84Kr/36$U Ყ84

ߪ $6: ࠍ⿥߃ߡ޿ࠆ‫ޕ‬WO6 ߣ WS2 ߦ฽߹ࠇࠆ 132Xe‫ޔ‬
84

Kr‫ޔ‬36$U ߩ⿠Ḯߣߒߡ‫ޔ‬
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⸃ߒߚᚑಽ‫ޔ‬ࠇࠆ┵ᚑಽߩ▸࿐㧚㧞㧕PW ߇↢ᚑߔࠆ㓙ߦ‫ޔ‬$6: ߦ฽߹ࠇߡ޿ߡ‫⫳ޔ‬᳇⋧ߦಽ㈩ߐࠇ៊ߥߞߚᏗࠟࠬߩᱷሽᚑಽ‫ޔ‬(KI#02*G#TVGTPCT[FKCITCOHQTVJGXQNECPKEICU
UCORNGU  %2#8 KPFKECVGU VJG TCPIG QH GPFOGODGTU HQWPF KP VJG XQNECPKE ICU GOKVVGF

ߩੑߟߩ႐ว߇⠨߃ࠄࠇࠆ‫ޕ‬Ꮧࠟࠬߪ⾰㊂߇ዊߐ޿ࠟࠬ

HTQO %KTEWO2CEKHKE XQNECPQGU RTQFWEKPI߶ߤ‫ޔ‬ේሶඨᓘ߇ዊߐߊ‫ޔ‬ⓨ᳇ਛ෸߮᳓ਛߢߩ᜛ᢔߪᣧ

CPFGUKVKENCXC

޿㧔-DKQHet al., 1987㧕‫ޕ‬Ꮧࠟࠬ߇᳇⋧߆ࠄ᳓ߦṁ⸃ߔࠆ႐วߣ‫ޔ‬᳓߆ࠄ᳇⋧ߦ⣕ࠟࠬߔࠆ႐วࠍ⠨߃ࠆߣ‫ޔ‬᳇⋧㧝㧕ߩ႐วߪ‫ޔ‬#T ߪ -T ࠃࠅ߽⋧ኻ⊛ߦㅦߊⓨ᳇߆ࠄߦ߅ߌࠆࠟࠬߩ᜛ᢔㅦᐲߪ᳓ਛࠃࠅ߽ߪࠆ߆ߦㅦ޿ߩ

᳓ߦ⒖േߔࠆ߆ࠄ‫ޔ‬᷷ᴰ᳓ߩ ( ୯߇ #59 ࠍ⿥߃ࠆߎߣߪ

ߢ‫ޔ‬᳇⋧㧙᳓㑆ߩᏗࠟࠬߩ⒖േߪ‫ޔ‬᳓ਛߦ߅ߌࠆᏗࠟࠬ

ᦼᓙߢ߈ߥ޿‫ߦࠇߎޕ‬ኻߒ‫ޔ‬㧞㧕ߩ႐วߢߪ‫৻ޔ‬ᰴᾲ᳓ߩ᜛ᢔㅦᐲߦᓞㅦߐࠇࠆߛࠈ߁‫ޕ‬߇↢ᚑߔࠆ㓙ߦ‫ޔ‬ᾲ᳓⋧߆ࠄ⫳᳇⋧߳ߩᏗࠟࠬߩ⒖േߪ‫ޔ‬


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᷷ᴰ᳓ߦߪࠟࠬ⹜ᢱߩ⚵ᚑߦะ߆߁௑ะ߇޽ࠅ‫ޔ‬ᓇ㗀ࠍߒߡ޿ࠆ㧚ฃߌߡ޿ࠆߣ್ᢿߐࠇࠆ‫ޕ‬

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EQORQUKVKQPQHYCVGTGSWKNKDTCVGFYKVJCKTߩㆊ೾ߪᾲ᳓ߣ⫳᳇ߩ౒ሽᤨ㑆߇⍴߆ߞߚߎߣࠍ␜ໂߒ

CV͠CPFVJGRTKOCT[YCVGTEQORQUKVKQPߡ޿ࠆ‫ޔࠄߥߗߥޕ‬ᾲ᳓ߣ⫳᳇߇චಽߥᤨ㑆౒ሽߒߡ޿TGURGEVKXGN[ߚߥࠄ‫ޔ‬Ꮧࠟࠬߪᱴߤ⫳᳇⋧ߦಽ㈩ߒߡߒ߹޿‫ (ޔ‬Kr)(KI #  *21#T ࠃࠅ߽ -T ߩᣇ߇ㆃߊ‫ޔ‬ᾲ᳓ਛߢ ( ୯߇ #59 ࠃࠅ߽߿ ( :G ߩㆊ೾ߪ⿠ߎࠄߥ޿߆ࠄߢ޽ࠆ‫ޕ‬ᾲ᳓ߣ⫳᳇㜞߹ࠆߣ੍᷹ߐࠇࠆ‫ޕ‬95 ߣ 91 ߦ⷗ࠄࠇࠆ ( ୯ߩㆊ೾ߪ‫ޔ‬࿾ਅߩ࠲ࡦࠢߩࠃ߁ߥᄢ߈ߥኈⓍࠍ᦭ߔࠆⓨ㑆ߢ౒

ߪ





:G ߦ߅޿ߡ -T ࠃࠅ߽ߪߥߪߛߒ޿‫ޕ‬᜛ᢔㅦᐲߩ








ሽߒߡ޿ࠆߩߢߪߥߊ‫ޔ߫߃ߣߚޔ‬㜞࿶ߢᴣὐએਅߦ޽

⋧㆑ߪ‫ ޔ‬:G #T 㑆ߩᣇ߇‫ ޔ‬-T  #T 㑆ࠃࠅ߽ᄢ߈޿

ࠆᶧ⋧߇਄᣹ߔࠆㆊ⒟ߢᷫ࿶ᴣ㛛ߒ‫ޔ‬⫳᳇ߣᾲ᳓߇↢ߓ‫ޔ‬㧔,CJPGGVCN㧕߆ࠄ‫ߩߎޔ‬௑ะߪቯᕈ⊛ߦߪ㧞㧕⋥ߜߦ⫳᳇ߣᾲ᳓߇ಽ㔌ߐࠇ೎‫ߦޘ‬࿾⴫ߦ⒖േߔࠆ‫ߘޔ‬ߩࠃ߁ߥ⁁ᴫ߇ᗐ௝ߐࠇࠆ‫ޕ‬

ઃ㍳㧞‫ޓ‬ᰴࡍ࡯ࠫએ㒠‫ޔ‬ណข࿾ὐߩ᭽ሶࠍ౮⌀ߦࠃࠅ␜ߔ‫ޕ‬౮⌀㧝‫ޓ‬ᄢᶗ⼱ߦ߅ߌࠆྃ᳇ណข࿾ὐߩ᭽ሶ㧔)1㧕⍫ශߪྃ᳇ሹ‫ޕ‬
2JQVQ5CORNKPIQHHWOCTQNKEICU)1 #TTQY౮⌀㧞‫ޓ‬ᄢᶗ⼱ߦ߅ߌࠆྃ᳇ណข࿾ὐߩ᭽ሶ㧔)1㧕⍫ශߪྃ᳇ሹ‫ޕ‬
2JQVQ(WOCTQNKEICU)1YKVJUCORNKPIVWDG #TTQY౮⌀㧟‫ޓ‬ᄢᶗ⼱ߦ߅ߌࠆྃ᳇ណข࿾ὐߩ᭽ሶ㧔)1㧕)1 ߩࠟࠬ᡼಴ߩ࿶ജߪ㜞޿‫ޕ‬⍫ශߪྃ᳇ሹ‫ޕ‬
2JQVQ5CORNKPIQHHWOCTQNKEICU)1 #TTQY 6JGFKUEJCTIGRTGUUWTGQH)1YCUUVTQPI౮⌀㧠‫ޓ‬ᄢᶗ⼱ߦ߅ߌࠆྃ᳇ណข࿾ὐߩ᭽ሶ㧔)1㧕‫ޕ‬⍫ශߪྃ᳇ሹ‫ޕ‬
2JQVQ(WOCTQNKEICU)1 #TTQY౮⌀㧡‫ޓ‬ᄢᶗ⼱ 0Q ⫳᳇੗ߩ಴ญߦ૞ࠄࠇߚ᷷ᴰㅧᚑᣉ⸳
2JQVQ&TWOEQPUVTWEVGFQPVJGQWVNGVQHUVGCOYGNN 0Q CV1YCMWFCPK౮⌀㧢‫⫳ޓ‬᳇੗ࠟࠬ )$ ߩណข‫ޕ‬⍫ශߪ⫳᳇੗ߩ಴ญ
2JQVQ5CORNKPIQHVJGICUHTQOUVGCOYGNN )$  #TTQY ౮⌀㧣‫ྃޓ‬᳇ )1 ߩណข‫ޕ‬⍫ශߪྃ᳇ሹ‫ޕ‬
2JQVQ5CORNKPIQHHWOCTQNKEICU)1 #TTQY ౮⌀㧤‫ྃޓ‬᳇ )1 ߩណข‫ޕ‬⍫ශߪྃ᳇ሹ‫ޕ‬
2JQVQ5CORNKPIQHHWOCTQNKEICU)1 #TTQY ౮⌀㧥‫ྃޓ‬᳇ )1 ߩណข‫ޕ‬⍫ශߪྃ᳇ሹ‫ޕ‬
2JQVQ5CORNKPIQHHWOCTQNKEICU)1 #TTQY ౮⌀ ‫ྃޓ‬᳇ )1 ߩណข‫ޕ‬⍫ශߪྃ᳇ሹ‫ޕ‬
2JQVQ5CORNKPIQHHWOCTQNKEICU)1 #TTQY ౮⌀ ‫ޓ‬ᣧ㔕࿾ₐ࿾ᾲ࿾Ꮺ2JQVQ8KGYQH5QWPLKIQMWIGQVJGTOCNCTGC౮⌀ ‫ྃޓ‬᳇‫)ޔ‬5 ߩណข‫ޕ‬⍫ශߪྃ᳇ሹ‫ޕ‬
2JQVQ5CORNKPIQHHWOCTQNKEICU)5 #TTQY ౮⌀ ‫ޓ‬ᣧ㔕࿾ₐྃ᳇‫)ޔ‬5 ߩ᡼಴‫ޕ‬
2JQVQ&KUEJCTIGQHHWOCTQNKEICU)5౮⌀ ‫ޓ‬ḡߩ⧎ᴛ࿾ᾲ࿾Ꮺ㧔⍫ශ㧕
2JQVQ8KGYQH;WPQJCPC\CYCIGQVJGTOCNCTGC #TTQY ౮⌀ ‫ྃޓ‬᳇‫ߩ ;)ޔ‬ណข‫ޕ‬⍫ශߪྃ᳇ሹ‫ޕ‬
2JQVQ5CORNKPIQHHWOCTQNKEICU); #TTQY ౮⌀ ‫⫳ޓ‬᳇੗ࠟࠬߩណข࿾ὐ‫ޕ‬㈩▤ࡃ࡞ࡉ߆ࠄࠟࠬࠍណขߒߚ‫ޕ‬
2JQVQ5VGCOYGNNRKRKPIHTQOYJKEJ);ICUYCUUCORNGF౮⌀ ‫ࠆߔࠣࡦ࡝ࡉࡃޓ‬᷷ᴰ᳓ 91 ߩណข㧔⍫ශ㧕‫ޕ‬
2JQVQ$WDDNKPIJQVURTKPIYCVGT91 #TTQY౮⌀ ‫ࠆߔࠣࡦ࡝ࡉࡃޓ‬᷷ᴰ᳓ 91 ߩណข㧔⍫ශ㧕‫ޕ‬
2JQVQ$WDDNKPIJQVURTKPIYCVGT91 #TTQY౮⌀ ‫ޓ‬᷷ᴰ᳓ 91 ߩណข㧔⍫ශ㧕‫ޕ‬91 ߪㅘ᣿ߢ‫ߩ⦡⨥ޔ‬ᴉᲚ‛ࠍ઻߁‫ޕ‬
2JQVQ*QVURTKPIYCVGT91 #TTQY ౮⌀ ‫ޓ‬᷷ᴰ᳓ 91 ߩណข㧔⍫ශ㧕‫ޕ‬91 ߪ⊕Ộߒߡ޿ࠆ‫ޕ‬
2JQVQ*QVURTKPIYCVGT91 #TTQY ౮⌀ ‫ޓ‬᷷ᴰ᳓ 91 ߩណข‫ޕ‬
2JQVQ5CORNKPIQHJQVURTKPIYCVGT91౮⌀ ‫ޓ‬᷷ᴰ᳓ 91 ߩណข‫ޕ‬91 ߪࡃࡉ࡝ࡦࠣߒߡ޿ࠆ‫ޕ‬
2JQVQ$QKNKPIJQVURTKPIYCVGT91 #TTQY ౮⌀  ᷷ᴰ᳓ 91 ߩណข㧔⍫ශ㧕‫ޕ‬
2JQVQ*QVURTKPIYCVGT91 #TTQY ౮⌀ ‫ޓ‬᷷ᴰ᳓ 95 ߩណข㧔⍫ශ㧕‫ޕ‬
2JQVQ5CORNKPIQHJQVURTKPIYCVGT95 #TTQY ౮⌀ ‫ޓ‬᷷ᴰ᳓ 95 ߩណข㧔⍫ශ㧕‫ޕ‬
2JQVQ5CORNKPIQHJQVURTKPIYCVGT95 #TTQY ౮⌀ ‫ޓ‬᷷ᴰ᳓ 9; ߩណข㧔⍫ශ㧕‫ޕ‬9; ߪᒝ޿ *5 ⥇ࠍ᡼ߟ‫ޕ‬
2JQVQ&KUEJCTIGQHJQVURTKPIYCVGT9; #TTQY 