January 2024

Interoperability considerations for
GHG emissions when applying
GRI Standards and ISSB Standards
Contents
Introduction

1

Analysis of requirements in GRI 305 and IFRS S2 related to GHG emissions

2–4

Mapping of requirements in GRI 305 and IFRS S2 related to GHG emissions

5–12

Introduction
This document illustrates the areas of interoperability between GRI 305: Emissions 2016
(GRI 305) and IFRS S2 Climate-related Disclosures (IFRS S2) that a company should consider
when measuring and disclosing Scope 1, Scope 2 and Scope 3 greenhouse gas (GHG)
emissions in accordance with both Standards.1,2This document is not a comprehensive assessment of the requirements in GRI 305 and
IFRS S2. When applying GRI or ISSB Standards, preparers must refer to the GRI and ISSB
Standards respectively, including their respective definitions of materiality.
According to the ISSB Standards, information is material if omitting, misstating or obscuring that
information could reasonably be expected to influence investor decisions. ISSB Standards arefocused on meeting the information needs of investors.3
According to the GRI Standards set by the Global Sustainability Standards Board (GSSB), a
topic is material when it represents an organisation’s most significant impacts on the economy,
environment and people, including impacts on their human rights. GRI Standards are focused on
meeting the information needs of stakeholders, including investors.
This document uses the 2016 version of GRI 305, which is currently under revision, and will be
updated to reflect changes to GRI 305.4

1	This document does not analyse the circumstances in which companies are required to provide disclosures on
GHG emissions.
2	The GRI Standards use ‘organization’ to refer to preparers and apply to all types of organizations and the
ISSB Standards use ‘entity’ to refer to preparers. This document uses ‘company’ as an umbrella term.
3	An entity need not disclose information otherwise required by ISSB Standards if the information is not material,even if an ISSB Standard contains a list of specific requirements or describes them as minimum requirements(paragraph B25 of IFRS S1).
4	See https://www.globalreporting.org/standards/standards-development/project-for-climate-change-standard-s/.

1Interoperability considerations for GHG emissions when applying GRI Standards and ISSB Standards

Analysis of requirements in GRI 305 and IFRS S2
related to GHG emissions
The requirements in GRI 305 and IFRS S2 demonstrate a high degree of alignment. Companies
that already disclose Scope 1, Scope 2 and Scope 3 GHG emissions using GRI 305 will
therefore be well positioned to disclose these GHG emissions in accordance with IFRS S2.

Aligned requirements
Many of the requirements for disclosing GHG emissions are aligned in GRI 305 and IFRS S2.
For example, both Standards require disclosure of gross Scope 1, Scope 2 and Scope 3 GHG
emissions in metric tonnes of carbon dioxide equivalent (CO2e).5 For Scope 2, both Standards
require disclosure of location-based emissions, and for Scope 3, both require disclosure of the
Scope 3 categories included in the measurement.6
The Standards cover the same greenhouse gases: carbon dioxide (CO2), methane (CH4),
nitrous oxide (N2O), hydrofluorocarbons (HFCs), perfluorocarbons (PFCs), sulphur hexafluoride(SF6) and nitrogen trifluoride (NF3). GRI 305 and IFRS S2 also refer to the same consolidation
or measurement approaches (equity share, operational control and financial control) fromthe Greenhouse Gas Protocol: A Corporate Accounting and Reporting Standard (2004)(GHG Protocol Corporate Standard).
Both Standards include disclosure requirements for a company to provide transparency about
how it measures GHG emissions, and these requirements are largely aligned. For example,
both Standards require a company to disclose information about the approach, methodologies,
inputs, and assumptions it has used to measure GHG emissions.

Additional disclosures that can be aligned
Additional disclosures required in GRI 305 and IFRS S2 can be aligned depending on the
choices a company makes in applying the Standards. For example, GRI 305 does not require
a company to use a specific GHG emissions accounting standard; however, the requirements
regarding GHG emissions in GRI 305 are based on requirements in the GHG Protocol Corporate
Standard and the GHG Protocol Corporate Value Chain (Scope 3) Accounting and ReportingStandard (2011). IFRS S2 requires a company to apply the GHG Protocol Corporate Standard
in measuring GHG emissions.7, 8 Therefore, if a company elects to apply the GHG Protocol
Corporate Standard in measuring its GHG emissions, its disclosures can be aligned with therequirements in both GRI 305 and IFRS S2.
GRI 305 suggests that a company use the Scope 3 categories included in the GHG Protocol
Corporate Value Chain Standard in preparing disclosures about Scope 3 GHG emissions,whereas IFRS S2 requires a company to use the Scope 3 categories from that standard. To alignits disclosures with the requirements in both Standards, a company would thus elect to use the
Scope 3 categories included in the GHG Protocol Corporate Value Chain Standard.

5	In the first annual reporting period in which a company applies IFRS S2, a company is permitted to apply a transition
relief that would allow it to omit disclosure of Scope 3 GHG emissions.
6	A company’s assessment of its value chain is a critical step in measuring Scope 3 GHG emissions. Both GRI
and ISSB Standards provide guidance on how a company determines the scope of its value chain (for example,
Guidance for Disclosure 305-3 in GRI 305 and paragraph B6(b) of IFRS S1).
7	If a company is required by a jurisdictional authority or an exchange on which it is listed to use a different method
for measuring its GHG emissions, IFRS S2 permits the company to use this method instead of applying the GHG
Protocol Corporate Standard.
8	In accordance with IFRS S2, a company is required to apply the requirements in the GHG Protocol Corporate
Standard only to the extent that they do not conflict with the requirements in IFRS S2.
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Interoperability considerations for GHG emissions when applying GRI Standards and ISSB Standards

GRI 305 suggests that a company use the global warming potential (GWP) rates from themost recent Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC) assessment report.9 IFRS S2
requires a company to use the GWP values from the latest IPCC assessment available at thereporting date. To align its disclosures with the requirements in both Standards, a company
would thus elect to use the GWP rates from the latest IPCC assessment.
GRI 305 requires a company to disclose the source of emission factors, whereas IFRS S2
requires the disclosure of information that would enable an understanding of which emission
factors were used. Therefore, to report in accordance with the requirements in both GRI 305 and
IFRS S2, a company would disclose information necessary to enable an understanding of theemission factors used, including their source.

GRI 305- and IFRS S2-specific requirements
GRI 305 contains requirements about GHG emissions that are not included in IFRS S2,and vice versa. A company reporting in accordance with both GRI 305 and IFRS S2 would
thus need to disclose information according to these requirements to assert compliance withboth Standards.
GRI 305-specific requirements (not explicitly required by IFRS S2)
GRI 305 requires a company to disclose gross market-based Scope 2 GHG emissions inmetric tonnes of CO2e, if applicable. While IFRS S2 does not require a company to disclosemarket-based emissions, the company might disclose this information in accordance withother requirements in IFRS S2 (see ‘IFRS S2-specific requirements’ for more information
on requirements in IFRS S2 that might result in disclosure of market-based Scope 2
GHG emissions).
GRI 305 requires a company to disclose Scope 1 and Scope 3 biogenic CO2 emissions
separately from the total gross emissions and includes compilation requirements to specify
how a company is to disclose this information. IFRS S2 does not require separate disclosureof biogenic CO2 emissions. However, paragraph 32 of IFRS S2 requires a company to discloseindustry-specific information. When a company refers to the Industry-based Guidance on
Implementing IFRS S2, it may find metrics related to biogenic emissions would be applicable toits activities.
GRI 305 requires a company to disclose the gases included in its calculation of Scope 1,
Scope 2 and Scope 3 GHG emissions. If the company applies the GRI Sector Standards, it may
find recommendations to disaggregate GHG emissions by specific gases relevant to a sector.
IFRS S2 does not explicitly require a company to report the gases included in its calculation;
however, the company would be required to disaggregate GHG emissions by constituent
gases if such information were material in accordance with the principles of aggregation anddisaggregation in IFRS S1 General Requirements for Disclosure of Sustainability-related
Financial Information (paragraphs B29–B30). See also the Illustrative Examples that accompany
IFRS S2.
GRI 305 requires a company to disclose the Scope 3 activities included in its calculationof Scope 3 GHG emissions. The company is also required to disclose any calculation tools
used and information about the base year, such as the rationale for choosing the base year,
emissions in the base year and the context for any significant changes in emissions thattriggered recalculations of base year emissions.

9	GRI 305 uses the term ‘global warming potential (GWP) rates’, whereas IFRS S2 uses ‘global warming potential(GWP) values’.
3Interoperability considerations for GHG emissions when applying GRI Standards and ISSB Standards

The GRI Sector Standards include sector disclosures and sector recommendations fordisclosures from GRI Topic Standards. These recommendations might result in a company
disclosing information related to Scope 1, Scope 2 and Scope 3 GHG emissions that is not
required by IFRS S2.
Although these GRI 305-specific requirements are not explicitly required by IFRS S2, acompany’s impacts on resources and relationships are identified in IFRS S1 as giving rise tosustainability-related risks and opportunities, and there is a general requirement in IFRS S1 todisclose information about a company’s sustainability-risks and opportunities that is material
to investors. IFRS S1 also requires a company to disclose additional information if compliancewith the applicable requirements in ISSB Standards is insufficient to enable investors tounderstand the effects of sustainability-related risks and opportunities on the company’s prospects(IFRS S1, B26).
IFRS S2-specific requirements (not explicitly required by GRI 305)IFRS S2 requires a company to disaggregate its Scope 1 and Scope 2 GHG emissions between
the consolidated accounting group and other investees.
IFRS S2 requires a company to provide information about any contractual instruments thatwould inform investors’ understanding of the company’s Scope 2 GHG emissions. The Standard
notes that a company might disclose information about its market-based Scope 2 GHG
emissions as part of its disclosures.
IFRS S2 requires a company that participates in one or more financial activities associatedwith asset management, commercial banking or insurance to disclose additional information
about the financed emissions associated with those activities as part of its Scope 3 GHG
emissions disclosures.
IFRS S2 includes various reliefs and requirements related to the measurement of GHG
emissions including, for example, requirements when reassessing the scope of the value
chain, using different reporting periods within the value chain and using emission factors thatbest represent the company’s activity. For Scope 3 GHG emissions, there are requirements on
the use of a specific measurement framework to measure Scope 3 GHG emissions, and forreassessing Scope 3 categories and companies throughout the company’s value chain in caseof a significant event or change in circumstances.
IFRS S2 requires a company to disclose why it chose the measurement approach taken andhow that approach relates to the objective of the disclosures.
IFRS S2 requires a company to refer to and consider the applicability of the industry-based
metrics associated with disclosure topics described in the Industry-based Guidance on
Implementing IFRS S2. This requirement may result in companies disclosing information related
to Scope 1, Scope 2 and/or Scope 3 GHG emissions that would otherwise not be required by
GRI 305.
The GRI Standards require a company to disclose information about its most significant impacts.
The information covered by these IFRS S2-specific requirements can be used for the purpose of
GRI reporting where it provides relevant information about a company’s most significant impacts.

4Interoperability considerations for GHG emissions when applying GRI Standards and ISSB Standards

Mapping of requirements in GRI 305 and IFRS S2
related to GHG emissions
This section outlines the requirements that have been assessed to compare Scope 1, Scope 2
and Scope 3 GHG emissions disclosures between GRI 305 and IFRS S2. These excerpts
do not reflect all requirements associated with measuring and disclosing GHG emissions.
A company measuring and disclosing its GHG emissions should refer to GRI Standards and
ISSB Standards in full.
Scope 1 GHG emissions disclosure
Item

GRI 305

IFRS S2

Scope 1 GHG
emissions

The reporting organization shall report
the following information:[…] disclose its absolute grossgreenhouse gas emissions generated
during the reporting period, expressed
as metric tonnes of CO2 equivalent […]classified as […] Scope 1 greenhousegas emissions […]a. G ross direct (Scope 1) GHG
emissions in metric tons of CO2
equivalent.
GRI 305-1-a

Consolidation
approach

The reporting organization shall report
the following information:f. C onsolidation approach for emissions;
whether equity share, financial
control, or operational control.
GRI 305-1-f

IFRS S2 29 (a) (i) (1)An entity shall […] measure its
greenhouse gas emissions inaccordance with the Greenhouse Gas
Protocol: A Corporate Accounting andReporting Standard (2004) […][…] the entity is required to use theequity share or control approach.
Specifically, the entity shall disclose:(a) the approach it uses to determine its
greenhouse gas emissions […] and(b) the reason, or reasons, for theentity’s choice of measurement
approach and how that approach
relates to the disclosure objective inparagraph 27.
IFRS S2 29 (a) (ii)
IFRS S2 B27

Disaggregation-[…] for Scope 1 and Scope 2
greenhouse gas emissions […]disaggregate emissions between: (1) the
consolidated accounting group […] and(2) other investees […]IFRS S2 29 (a) (iv)5

Interoperability considerations for GHG emissions when applying GRI Standards and ISSB Standards

Scope 1 GHG emissions disclosure
Item

GRI 305

IFRS S2

Biogenic CO2
emissions

The reporting organization shall report
the following information:c. B
 iogenic CO2 emissions in metrictons of CO2 equivalent.

See requirements on aggregation anddisaggregation in IFRS S1 (B29–B30)

2.1

 hen compiling the informationW
specified in Disclosure 305-1, thereporting organization shall:

See requirements on aggregation anddisaggregation in IFRS S1 (B29–B30)

2.1.2. report biogenic emissions of
CO2 from the combustion or
biodegradation of biomass
separately from the gross direct(Scope 1) GHG emissions.
Exclude biogenic emissions ofother types of GHG (such as CH4
and N2O), and biogenic emissionsof CO2 that occur in the life cycleof biomass other than fromcombustion or biodegradation(such as GHG emissions fromprocessing or transporting
biomass).

See Industry-based Guidance on
Implementing IFRS S2

GRI 305-1-c and 2.1.2

Scope 2 GHG emissions disclosure
Item

GRI 305

IFRS S2

Location-based
Scope 2 GHG
emissions

The reporting organization shall report
the following information:[…] disclose its absolute grossgreenhouse gas emissions generated
during the reporting period, expressed
as metric tonnes of CO2 equivalent […]classified as […] Scope 2 greenhousegas emissions […]a. G ross location-based energy indirect(Scope 2) GHG emissions in metrictons of CO2 equivalent.
GRI 305-2-a[…] disclose its location-based Scope 2
greenhouse gas emissions […]IFRS S2 29 (a)(i) (2)
IFRS S2 29 (a) (v)Market-based
Scope 2 GHG
emissions

The reporting organization shall report
the following information:b. If applicable, gross market‑basedenergy indirect (Scope 2)
GHG emissions in metric tons of
CO2 equivalent.
GRI 305-2-b[…] the entity shall […] provide
information about any contractual
instruments the entity has enteredinto that is necessary to inform users’
understanding of the entity’s Scope 2
GHG emissions[…] Various types of contractual
instruments are available in different
markets and the entity might disclose
information about its market-based
Scope 2 greenhouse gas emissions aspart of its disclosure.
IFRS S2 29 (a) (v)
IFRS S2 B31

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Interoperability considerations for GHG emissions when applying GRI Standards and ISSB Standards

Scope 2 GHG emissions disclosure
Item

GRI 305

IFRS S2

Consolidation
approach

The reporting organization shall report
the following information:[…] the entity shall […] measureits greenhouse gas emissions inaccordance with the Greenhouse Gas
Protocol: A Corporate Accounting andReporting Standard (2004) […]f. C
 onsolidation approach for emissions;
whether equity share, financial control,or operational control.
GRI 305-2-f[…] when the entity discloses its
greenhouse gas emissions […] theentity is required to use the equity shareor control approach. Specifically, theentity shall disclose:(a) the approach it uses to determine its
greenhouse gas emissions […] and(b) the reason, or reasons, for theentity’s choice of measurement
approach and how that approach
relates to the disclosure objective inparagraph 27.
IFRS S2 29 (a) (ii)
IFRS S2 B27

Disaggregation-[…] for Scope 1 and Scope 2
greenhouse gas emissions […]disaggregate emissions between: (1) the
consolidated accounting group […] and(2) other investees […]IFRS S2 29 (a) (iv)

Scope 3 GHG emissions disclosure
Item

GRI 305

IFRS S2

Scope 3 GHG
emissions

The reporting organization shall report
the following information:[…] disclose its absolute grossgreenhouse gas emissions generated
during the reporting period, expressed
as metric tonnes of CO2 equivalent […]classified as […] Scope 3 greenhousegas emissions […]a. G ross other indirect (Scope 3)
GHG emissions in metric tons of
CO2 equivalent.
GRI 305-3-a

Scope 3categories
reporting

The reporting organization shall report
the following information:d. O ther indirect (Scope 3) GHG
emissions categories and activities
included in the calculation.
The organization can use the following
upstream and downstream categories
and activities from the ‘GHG Protocol
Corporate Value Chain Standard’ […].
GRI 305-3-d and Guidance for Disclosure 305-3

7

IFRS S2 29 (a) (i) (3)[…] for Scope 3 greenhouse gas
emissions […] disclose: (1) thecategories included within the entity’s
measure of Scope 3 greenhouse gas
emissions, in accordance with the
Scope 3 categories described in theGreenhouse Gas Protocol Corporate
Value Chain (Scope 3) Accounting andReporting Standard (2011)
IFRS S2 29 (a) (vi) (1)Interoperability considerations for GHG emissions when applying GRI Standards and ISSB Standards

Scope 3 GHG emissions disclosure
Item

GRI 305

IFRS S2

Reassessment-

In accordance with paragraph B11
in IFRS S1, on the occurrence ofa significant event or a significant
change in circumstances, an entity
shall reassess the scope of all affectedclimate-related risks and opportunities
throughout its value chain, including
reassessing which Scope 3 categories
and entities throughout its value chain
to include in the measurement of its
Scope 3 greenhouse gas emissions […]IFRS S2 B34

Scope 3measurement
framework-

An entity’s measurement of Scope 3
greenhouse gas emissions is likely toinclude the use of estimation rather thansolely comprising direct measurement.
In measuring Scope 3 greenhousegas emissions an entity shall use ameasurement approach, inputs andassumptions that result in a faithfulrepresentation of this measurement.
The measurement framework describedin paragraphs B40–B54 provides
guidance for an entity to use inpreparing its Scope 3 greenhouse gas
emissions disclosures.

[…]
IFRS S2 B38–B57

Additional
information
about financed
emissions-[…] for Scope 3 greenhouse gas
emissions […] disclose: (2) additional
information about the entity’s Category
15 greenhouse gas emissions or
those associated with its investments(financed emissions), if the entity’s
activities include asset management,commercial banking or insurance(see paragraphs B58–B63)
IFRS S2 29 (a) (vi) (2)8Interoperability considerations for GHG emissions when applying GRI Standards and ISSB Standards

Scope 3 GHG emissions disclosure
Item

GRI 305

IFRS S2

Biogenic CO2
emissions

The reporting organization shall report
the following information:
See requirements on aggregation anddisaggregation in IFRS S1 (B29–B30)

c. B
 iogenic CO2 emissions in metrictons of CO2 equivalent.
 hen compiling the informationW
specified in Disclosure 305-3, thereporting organization shall:

See requirements on aggregation anddisaggregation in IFRS S1 (B29–B30)

2.5.3. report biogenic emissions of
CO2 from the combustion or
biodegradation of biomass that
occur in its value chain separatelyfrom the gross other indirect(Scope 3) GHG emissions.
Exclude biogenic emissions ofother types of GHG (such as
CH4 and N2O), and biogenic
emissions of CO2 that occur
in the life cycle of biomass
other than from combustion or
biodegradation (such as GHG
emissions from processing ortransporting biomass).

See Industry-based Guidanceon Implementing IFRS S2

2.5

GRI 305-3-c and 2.5.3

Cross-cutting requirements for Scope 1, Scope 2 and Scope 3
GHG emissions disclosures
Item

GRI 305

IFRS S2

Gases covered

This Standard covers the following
GHGs:

Greenhouse gases: The sevengreenhouse gases listed in the Kyoto
Protocol—carbon dioxide (CO2);methane (CH4); nitrous oxide (N2O);
hydrofluorocarbons (HFCs); nitrogen
trifluoride (NF3); perfluorocarbons(PFCs) and sulphur hexafluoride (SF6).

• Carbon dioxide (CO2)• Methane (CH4)• Nitrous oxide (N2O)• Hydrofluorocarbons (HFCs)• Perfluorocarbons (PFCs)IFRS S2 Appendix A – defined terms,‘greenhouse gases’• Sulphur hexafluoride (SF6)• Nitrogen trifluoride (NF3)
GRI 305 Introduction

The reporting organization shall report
the following information:b. Gases included in the calculation;
whether CO2, CH4, N2O, HFCs,
PFCs, SF6, NF3, or all.
Scope 1: GRI 305-1-b
See also Scope 2: GRI 305-2-c
See also Scope 3: GRI 305-3-b

9Paragraph 29(a) requires an entity todisclose its absolute gross greenhousegas emissions generated during thereporting period, expressed as metrictonnes of CO2 equivalent. To meet thisrequirement, the entity shall aggregate
the seven constituent greenhouse gases
into CO2 equivalent values.
IFRS S2 B20

Interoperability considerations for GHG emissions when applying GRI Standards and ISSB Standards

Cross-cutting requirements for Scope 1, Scope 2 and Scope 3
GHG emissions disclosures
Item

GRI 305

IFRS S2

GHG trades andremovals

2.1[…] disclose its absolute grossgreenhouse gas emissions generated
during the reporting period, expressed
as metric tonnes of CO2 equivalent […]Whencompiling the information
specified in Disclosure 305-1, thereporting organization shall:

2.1.1. exclude any GHG trades fromthe calculation of gross direct(Scope 1) GHG emissions;
Scope 1: GRI 305-1 2.1.1
See also Scope 2: GRI 305-2 2.3.1
See also Scope 3: GRI 305-3 2.5.1

IFRS S2 requires an entity to disclose its
gross greenhouse gas emissions—that
is, its greenhouse gas emissions before
taking into consideration any removal
efforts (for example, from an entity’s
intended use of carbon credits) […]IFRS S2 29 (a) (i)IFRS S2 BC81

Using different
reporting periods
within thevalue chain-

An entity might have a different reporting
period from some or all of the entities in
its value chain. Such a difference would
mean that greenhouse gas emissions
information from these entities in its
value chain for the entity’s reporting
period might not be readily available forthe entity to use for its own disclosure.
In such circumstances, the entity ispermitted to measure its greenhousegas emissions […] using information
for reporting periods that are different
from its own reporting period if that
information is obtained from entities in
its value chain with reporting periods
that are different from the entity’sreporting period [subject to specificconditions] […]IFRS S2 B19

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Interoperability considerations for GHG emissions when applying GRI Standards and ISSB Standards

Cross-cutting requirements for Scope 1, Scope 2 and Scope 3
GHG emissions disclosures
Item

GRI 305

IFRS S2

Emission factors
and GWPThe reporting organization shall report
the following information:[…] the entity shall disclose information
to enable users of general purpose
financial reports to understand whichemission factors the entity uses in its
measurement of its greenhouse gas
emissions […]e. S
 ource of the emission factors andthe global warming potential (GWP)
rates used, or a reference to the
GWP source.
2.2

 hen compiling the informationW
specified in Disclosure 305-1, thereporting organization should:

2.2.1.

a pply emission factors and GWP
rates consistently for the data
disclosed;

2.2.2.

u se the GWP rates from the
IPCC assessment reports basedon a 100-year timeframe;

The organization can also use the latest
GWP rates from the most recent IPCC
assessment report.
Scope 1: GRI 305-1-e; 2.2.1; 2.2.2;
and Guidance for Disclosure 305-1
See also Scope 2: GRI 305-2-e; 2.4.1; 2.4.2;
and Guidance for Disclosure 305-2
See also Scope 3: GRI 305-3-f; 2.6.1; 2.6.2;
and Guidance for Disclosure 305-3

If an entity uses direct measurement tomeasure its greenhouse gas emissions,the entity is required to convert theseven constituent greenhouse gases
into a CO2 equivalent value using global
warming potential values based on a
100-year time horizon, from the latest
Intergovernmental Panel on Climate
Change assessment available at thereporting date.
If an entity uses emission factors toestimate its greenhouse gas emissions,the entity shall use—as its basis
for measuring its greenhouse gas
emissions—the emission factors thatbest represent the entity’s activity […]IFRS S2 B29
IFRS S2 B21
IFRS S2 B22

Base year

The reporting organization shall report
the following information:d. B ase year for the calculation, if
applicable, including:i. the rationale for choosing it;ii. emissions in the base year;iii. the context for any significant
changes in emissions thattriggered recalculations of baseyear emissions.
Scope 1: GRI 305-1-d
See also Scope 2: GRI 305-2-d
See also Scope 3: GRI 305-3-e

11Interoperability considerations for GHG emissions when applying GRI Standards and ISSB Standards

Cross-cutting requirements for Scope 1, Scope 2 and Scope 3
GHG emissions disclosures
Item

GRI 305

IFRS S2

GHG emissions
accounting
standards

The requirements for GHG emissions
in this Standard are based on therequirements of the ‘GHG Protocol
Corporate Accounting and ReportingStandard’ (‘GHG Protocol Corporate
Standard’) and the ‘GHG Protocol
Corporate Value Chain (Scope 3)
Accounting and Reporting Standard’(‘GHG Protocol Corporate Value Chain
Standard’). These two standards arepart of the GHG Protocol developed by
the World Resources Institute (WRI)
and the World Business Council on
Sustainable Development (WBCSD).

[…] the entity shall […] measureits greenhouse gas emissions inaccordance with the Greenhouse Gas
Protocol: A Corporate Accounting andReporting Standard (2004) unlessrequired by a jurisdictional authority or
an exchange on which the entity is listed
to use a different method for measuring
its greenhouse gas emissions
IFRS S2 29 (a) (ii)

GRI 305 Introduction

Approach formeasuring
GHG emissions

The reporting organization shall report
the following information:g. Standards, methodologies,
assumptions, and/or calculation
tools used.
Scope 1: GRI 305-1-g
See also Scope 2: GRI 305-2-g
See also Scope 3: GRI 305-3-g[…] the entity shall […] disclose
the approach it uses to measureits greenhouse gas emissions (seeparagraphs B26–B29) including:(1) the measurement approach, inputs
and assumptions the entity uses
to measure its greenhouse gas
emissions;(2) the reason why the entity has
chosen the measurement approach,
inputs and assumptions it uses
to measure its greenhouse gas
emissions; and(3) any changes the entity madeto the measurement approach,
inputs and assumptions during thereporting period and the reasons for
those changes;
See also requirements on the ‘Scope 3
measurement framework’
IFRS S2 29 (a) (iii)
IFRS S2 B38–B57

This document was prepared by the staffs of the IFRS Foundation and GRI (Global Reporting Initiative). Its content
does not constitute advice and should not be considered as an authoritative document issued by the International
Sustainability Standards Board (ISSB) or the Global Sustainability Standards Board (GSSB). Any views expressedin this document are not necessarily the views or the opinions of the ISSB or the GSSB. From the perspective of the
IFRS Foundation, this document is educational material as described in the IFRS Foundation Due Process Handbook.

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