2001 年度通訳案内業国家試験第１次試験問題
1．以下の英文を読み，各設問に答えなさい。
Common sense says that riding your bike after you've had a few
drinks is not a good idea. Even one drink dilutes the skills andjudgement needed for safe cycling. Just one drink, according to a
study, multiplies the risk of serious injury or death six times,
and four or five multiplies it 20 times.
But common sense is ( A ) the watchword for many cyclists. Eachyear in the U.S., more than 500,000 people are treated in emergency
rooms and 20,000 are admitted to hospitals for bicycle‑related
injuries. And while helmets and parental supervision have helped
lower the death rate for riders under age 16 ( B ) 70 percent since1975, the adult death rate has risen ( B ) 60 percent. (1)Ridershiphas more than doubled in the last 20 years, but alcohol, recklessriding, and poor safety gear also contribute.
(2)No amount of caution will eliminate all cycling accidents.
"If you ride long enough, you will eventually crash," says Randy
Swart, director of the Bicycle Helmet Safety Institute in Arlington,
Va. "( C ) it takes is a pothole, some loose gravel, or someone's
dog running under your wheel." Accidents like these generally result( D ) scrapes and bruises. Roughly 800 bikers die each year on theroads, however, usually when they tangle with cars.
Swart and others say that riders can minimize the risks−but
many don't ( E ) . Studies show that riders wearing helmets are 85
percent less likely to incur a head injury than riders without them,
yet only 38 percent of adult cyclists wear one regularly, according
to BHSI. But Swart cautions that helmets won't guarantee safety.
"Avoiding the crash in the first place is a lot more preventive thanwearing a helmet."
Night riding is especially dangerous because you're harder tosee. About 56 percent of bike fatalities occur between 7 p.m. and6 a.m. Michael Klasmeir, Program Director for the League of American
Bicyclists, says night cyclists should wear bright, neon‑coloredclothes and use lights. "You should have a white front light anda red or amber taillight," he says. And there's nothing wrong withstrapping some lights or reflective tape to your clothes." But if(3)happy hour is your destination, the best bet is to leave yourbike at home.
(1) 空欄(A) (B) (D）に適切な英語の単語をそれぞれひとつ入れなさい。
(3 点×3)
(A)

(B)

(D)

(2) 空欄 (C )にはいる適切な語の記号を選んで丸で囲みなさい。(2 点)イ Although
ロ Because
ハ Not
ニ All
(3) 空欄 (E) にはいる適切な語の記号を選んで丸で囲みなさい。(2 点)
イ bother
ロ drink
ハ show
ニ ride(4) 下線部(1)を 12 字以内で日本語に訳しなさい。(3 点)(5) 下線部(2)を日本語に訳しなさい。(5 点)(6) 下線部(3)がどういうものであるかを句読点を含めて、20 字以内で日本語で書きなさい。(4 点)

2．次の英文を読んで下線部を日本語に訳しなさい．
Taxes are a complex subject in any country．(1)Forexpatriates,especially Americans, taxation is further complicatedby the possibility of double‑taxation obligations: to the country
in which you are a resident and derive income and, depending on yourcitizenship, the tax authorities back home.
The United States is one of the very few countries that tax its
citizens and permanent residents (Green Card holders), regardlessof where they live, on income earned both domestically and overseas.

Accordingly, even living overseas, you are obliged to file a U.S.
Internal Revenue Service (IRS) return, no matter if you work fora U.S. or non‑U.S. company and if you are paid in dollars, yen, or
any other currency.(2)You must report as income any payment madeby your company on your behalf for rent, utilities, home leave, andany other benefits.
(1) (8 点)(2) (7 点)
3. A non‑Japanese friend of yours says he is wondering if he shouldseek medical help. Give advice to him on the Japanese medical systemand avoiding possible problems he may encounter. In your answer,translate and use the expression 「国民健康保険」. Do not write any
part of your answer outside the space given below. (10 点)．
4．次の語句を英語に訳しなさい。(各 2 点×10＝20 点)(1)成人の日(2)自営業者(3)児童虐待(4)ブランコ(5)鯖(6)万歩計(7)火災避難訓練(8)三回忌(9)水虫(10)国土交通省

5．次の日本語の文章を英語に訳しなさい。(10 点)
インターネットをはじめとする IT(情報技術)の発展にともない、一般消費者を対象とした電子商取引が米国を中心に世界各地で急速に拡大している。1998 年に世界の電子小売業の市場規模は 90 億ドルに過ぎなかったが、2002 年には 1,028 億ドルにまで拡大すると見込まれている。
なかでも旅行商品は、消費者が実物を見ずに提供された情報を基に商品の購入を決定するため、店舗を有さない電子商取引に適している。今後も電子商取引は、観光業界の様々な分野において不可欠な流通手段として発展していくと思われる。
6．以下の英文を読み、各設問に答えなさい。

The statistics cannot be ignored anymore; the flooding in Veniceis getting worse, largely due to climate change. In the first decadeof the 20th century, St Mark's Square, the lowest‑lying part ofVenice, was flooded an average of nine times a year. Now, since
September alone, there have been over 40 tides of more than 80cm.
Some of the consequences of the flooding are obvious: the tidemarks
in shops and bars. The long‑term damage to foundations is lessobvious, nor can you tell at once how many people have decided that(1)( A ) is ( A ), and they would rather go and live on the mainland
now. We do know, however, that the population of Venice was 150,000
in the 1950s and is now 64,000. This leads to a vicious circle offewer schools, doctors, "real shops"(as opposed to ones sellingsouvenirs); more expensive food, goods and services, and so on.
(2)Roberto Frassetto, one of Italy's leading oceanographers, ispart of the team appointed by the government to devise a floodprotection system, and he believes that their scheme for mobilebarriers is the solution. When the meteorologists give the warning,
compressed air forces the water out of the mobile barriers attachedto the seabed at the entrances from the Adriatic to the canals, andthey rise to hold back the sea. When the tide subsides, water ispumped in and they descend onto the seabed once more. Ecologists,
and in particular, the Green activists, are opposed to thesebarriers. They say that closing the barriers would allow pollution
to build up dangerously in the canals. Oceanographers such as
Frassetto claim that the barriers would need to be closed only
100‑300 hours a year. Furthermore, world climate systems havechanged, and (3)there is no chance of a diminution in the frequency
and intensity of atmospheric perturbation. But the Greens are partof the fragile centre‑left coalitions at national and city levels,and for them this is a matter that can bring down governments.
問 1. ある同一の英語 1 語を空欄 A に入れると、下線部(1)は「もううんざりだ」という慣用表現になる。その A に入る英語 1 語を書きなさい。
(3 点)
A問 2. 下線部(2)の人に関して、以下の(i)と(ii)の問いに答えなさい。
(i) この人の職業は何か。漢字 4 文字で答えなさい。(2 点)(ii) この人が提唱する洪水対策法を、40 字以内の日本語で分かりやすく説明しなさい。(句読点も字数に含む。) (8 点)

問 3 下線部(3)はどういうことを言っているのか。40 字以内の分かりやすい日本語に訳しなさい。(句読点も字数に含む。) (7 点)