Reprint from MYCOTOXINS
Vol. 51, No.2
July, 2001

83

MycotoxinsVol. 51(2), 2001

(M)

y-1 :J l- -t- ~,</~1\tWb~(230-0054 ~Y:*~~IR*~.HJil5):: O)~lt*6*';t-1 '7 '/0) e 7.!J 'f-::tT "J 'yO)/&flH&B *h\ilituA T G)'l1,!ra": J:: IJ ;t C: 56t:::.. ilituApif
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(Received, May 24, 2001)

l! A ?' 1-:;t T 'J 'J (J~H~ ~o A ?' 1-:;t) (J) 77 7 ~ :::t- ~ /T 'J 'Y~Jl(J)~(tJ. f&AF) qituA19H!Ht,]t t L -calHO 56if 9 Ji 12 B f-tJ~~ 202 ~ t L -c~]ti.l~~Et ~ -::d.:. 1 7 / gg ~o A ?' 1-:;t i.I~qituA ~ hG J: '51:1£ t), ~1*1"'("~l:I1 ~ ht.::;::: t i.I' fJ, ¥-px:5tif 2 Ji 28 Bf-t1tj~32~1::Bl )-CqituA~]ti.l~~Et~ -,?'t.::. ¥-PX: 3 ifll Ji 19 8f-t1tj~315~1:J: t) 4 ~f*~]tI:tJ: I), ¥-PX: 8 if15~ 3 ~(J)~]tfrJ~
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L, ~1tb$;-c'~]tL t.:: 1995if 10 Ji J: I) 2000if 9 Ji ~~~~t Ltd6*-C'.:b G.

Mycotoxins

84~ft ~ e°;;\ ?1 1-:::t IJ. Bag c'!Iiifd A ~ tL ~ i: 6tJ~1f¥*IJ. 1 ::J /' T T 20 7 -{ -r -a- 1 t1 ''j l- C: G, 3'::Bag -a-!$]~I: 51~U G19-51i'!RJzp GPJitffl}19- 1 kg -a-f,JM~ G51:fJT~i\Mc: T ~. 51:fJT¥tlJ.ajgfD46:¥J~it 128
1iJ l!'fT -s t: .
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Table lIJ.t1 ''j r 1:;folt{>~~*6*l!'®{>. Jl&I:td:{>AFBllO ppb~J:IJ.*115%zpG*120%l!'® -s t: ilq997if.1J.30%~J: t ® -:d::. ~ i: AFBI 10 ppb*iPiIJO)~ili G t: t1 ' } r ~~66 {> C: 1995 if. ,1996if.1J.*120 %iI' G ~30% C' ® -::> t:: ii' 1997if.1J.50%~J:0)~l:I1-$l!'® -::> iz . AFBI 10 ppb~J:~
l:I1 G t::5f!1gffl~¥S~ IJ., :¥k fIt <tj: {> ft!irPJiI' ® {> iI'*".1 100ppb ii' G *1200 ppb C: r'&J¥S~C' ® {> .
Table 1. Number of Aflatoxin BI Positive Lots of Pistachio Nuts imported from Iran (kernel and In Hull)No.of Lot Not detected" AFB I ;;;; 10 ppb AFB1 ~ 10 ppb AFB 1detected AFB I ;;;; 10 ppb
Year.Month
Test
No.(%)
No.(%)
No.(%)
No. (%)
Mean
Max.
1995.10- 1996.9
554
433(78.::1)
82(14.8)38( 6.9)120 (21.7)
213.0 1445.0
1996.10 ­ 1997.9
433
299 (69.1)
94 (21.7)
40 ( 9.2)
134 (30.9)
169.0 1336.0
1997.10 ­ 1998.9
418
203 (48.6)
129 ('10.9)
86 (20.6)215 (51.4)
132.6 1512.0
1998.10- 1999.9*2 122
73(59.8)26(21.3)
23(18.9)49 (40.2)
101.3 869.5
1999.10 ­ 2000.9
118
71 (60.2)
22 (18.6)
25 (21.2)
47 (39.8)
113.7 643.5*1 AflatoxinB 1detection limit is 0.1 ppb*2Number of inspection of pistachio nuts aflatoxin B I in a lot was 4 samples until! 1998.12.7 and 8 samples
from 1999.12.8

1998if.WilUl: lJ.mr'&J l!' AFBI iI'~650 ppb ii' G*11500 ppb O)ffl~iI' ~ G tLt::mr'&Jffl~¥S~ 1J.5f!~
ffl~¥S~ C: 1PJ**1::¥kfIt <td: {>ft!irPJil' ® {>. 1998:¥ 12)=j J: i) 8 ~f*~1fI: td: i) ~1f~~iI'~;t{>:: C: I: J: i) 10 ppb*iPiIJO)~iliil'~:JJI] G ic .
Table 21J. 4 ~f*~1fil' G 8 ~f*~1fI:~b o, 10 ppb*iPiIJ-a-~6tJt:: 1 t1 ''j r ~O)~l:I1~~-a-~Gltte Gt::*6*C'® {>.
Table 2. Number of Aflatoxin Bi Positive Lots of Pistachio Nuts imported from Iran
AFB, positive"
Number of Positive Lots in each sampling
Year.Month
No.of Lot1345678
2
1995.10 ---... 1996.9
120
85 (70.8) 32 (26.7) 3 (2.5) 0(0.0)
134
98 (73.1) 28 (20.9) 7 (5.2) 1 (0.7)
1996.10 ---... 1997.9
215
135 (62.8) 60 (27.9) 16 (7.4) 4 (1.9)
1997.10 ---... 1998.9
49
23 (46.9) 19 (38.8) 3 (6.1) 4 (8.2) 0 (0.0) a (0.0) a (0.0) a (0.0)
1998.10 - 1999.9"4730 (63.8) 9 (19.1) 4 (8.5) 3 (6.4) 1 (2.1) a (0.0) a (0.0) a (0.0)
1999.10 - 2000.9*1 AflatoxinB 1detection limit is 0.1 ppb*2Number of inspection of pistachio nuts aflatoxin B 1 in a lot was 4 samples until! 1998.12.7 and 8 samples
from 1999.12.8

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T {> t 0) IJ. id: 1.1' -::> t:: .
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85

Vol. 51(2),2001

ts ~ -!:t 1::0 A ?7 7-:tO)~1t$Ii, n - ~ / -C'~A ~ n~1till-i5-~f*;j)IU&$O) n - r / I:5HJi ~ n
G. 1*I&:S:Ii:l;:*6 n- ~ /~lIIJl." 2 n- r / (~250 g) i 1 ~f*c: l.,:I;:*3~f*l:'~i\flO)~
mli~500 g ifJH~ 1.,7t;fJT~1ti1-r"5. 7t;fJT~1tlia;gt046fF.J-'~ 128~-c'rr--:J iz,~1t*6*O)~filIHj:, ~ft ~ 1::0 A ?7 7-:t C: 1PJ;f~U: 1 0 "J r:l;:* 3 ~f*O)"5 1? 1 ~f*-c' t AFBdO
ppbYl:-C' if> nLf}t&: C: tJ: G .
Table 3 Ij:U ~ -!:t l:::" A ?7 7-:t 0)~1t*6*l:' &J G .
Table 3.

Number of Aflatoxin Bi Positive Lots of Pistachio Nuts imported from Iran (kernel)

No.ofLot Not detected AFBI ~ 10 ppb AFBI ~ 10 ppb
No.(%)
No.(%)
No.(%)
Year.MonthTest
28 (77.8)
6 (16.7)
2 ( 5.6)
1995.10 ~ 1996.9
36
24 (63.2)
10(26.3)
4(10.5)
1996.10 ~ 1997.9
38
7(21.9)4(12.5)21 (66.0)
1997.10 ~ 1998.9
323 (25.0)
3 (25.0)126 (50.0)
1998.10 ~ 1999.90(00.0)
4 (26.7)
1999.10 ~ 2000.9
1511 (73.3)
Aflatoxinls i detection limit is 0.1 ppb

AFO)~l±HU1il:-::>l \'l Ij:u ~ -!:tlj:

AFB 1 detected AFB I ~ 10 ppb
No.(%)MeanMax.
8 (22.2)
164.1
602.0
176.9 1310.1
14 (36.8)
11 (32.4)
124.9
266.0
6 (50.0)
273.4
869.5
4 (26.7)
0.0
0.0

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Mycotoxins

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1)!:EliMlifr'i-=f: y -1 :J l- 4'- s- /'~Jf9"i;~~50@~f;l:j~i~~~'g(2001).

2) ItlilJf~~: y -1 :J r 4'- ~ /',43,23-26 (1996).

Result of aflatoxin examination of Iranian pistachio nuts imported from Iran to Japan
Kiyoshi OKANo: Mycotoxin Research Association (15 Daikoku Futo, Tsurumiku, Yokohama 230-0054)
Number of examination stated in this report is based on the period from October to September of nextyear. This is because the harvesting season of pistachio nuts in Iran is September. Therefore, shippig of theproducts starts from October. In Japan, tolerance limits of aflatoxin Bi is fixed as less than IOppb. Inspectionof pistachio nuts at the ports started in 1981. At first, 4 kg of sample was collected from 4 divided one lot (20feet containar). In 1998, as pistachio nuts which contained high level of aflatoxin Bi was found in the local
market, Ministry of Health and Welfare revised the sampling system as to collect 8 kg of sample from 8
divided parts of one lot. Number of cargo of Iranian pistachio nuts rejected at the ports has been 15-20%
every year until 1996. In the period from 1997 to 1998, rejected lots was more than 30%, presumedly owing
to bad weather in producting areas. It is recently observed the quality of Iranian pistachio nuts is being
improved.

Key words : aflatoxin, pistachio nut, import, Iran