UNFCCC COP25 Side Event at Japan Pavilion

The Comprehensive Review of Bangkok Master Plan on
Climate Change 2013-2023 and rising momentum forpost-2020 Actions,Mrs. Termsiri Jongpoonphol,Director, Bangkok Metropolitan Administration , Thailand

２Activities on Climate Change
In order to develop a city on a sustainable basis, it is necessary toactively tackle the issues of climate change from both mitigation
and adaptation.
It is necessary to show leadership as a city while involving variousorganizations and the private sector and sharing knowledge.

３GHG emission prospects in BAU and with mitigation actions

ton-CO2e2013 BAU
43.87 Mt-CO2e2016 Actual
42.75Mt-CO2e2020 Target
46.44Mt-CO2e2016 BAU
46.83 Mt-CO2e2020 BAU
53.74 Mt-CO2e

BAU emissions -13.57%

Emissions reduction

real data

Identifying actual emissions

2009

2010

2011

2012

2013

2014

2016

2020

2022

2023

３

The Comprehensive Review of Bangkok Master Plan
“The Bangkok Master Plan on Climate Change
2013-2023” created with the support of JICA is a
10-years project.
In 2018, the middle year, “The ComprehensiveReview” was conducted on the master plan toevaluate the status of greenhouse gas emissions ineach sector and the effectiveness of the measures.

４The Comprehensive Review of Bangkok Master Plan
GHG emission BAU and mitigation actions by sectorTransport
2020 BAU
17.91 M
t-CO2e2020Target
14.91M
t-CO2e2016 Actual
12.41M
t-CO2eEnergy2020 BAU
30,94 M
t-CO2e2020Target
26.85M
t-CO2eWaste and Wastewater
2016 Actual
25.81M
t-CO2e2020 BAU 2020Target
4.93 M
4.73M
t-CO2et-CO2e2016 Actual
4.57M
t-CO2eGreen Urban Planning2020 BAU-0.045 M
t-CO2e2020Target-0.049M
t-CO2e2016 Actual-0.045M
t-CO2e13.22%

16.75%

4.06%+8.89%[Key Point ]• In the transport and energy sector, large scale GHG emissions reduction
have been realized, due to energy efficiency measures and expanded serviceof public transportation system.

４

The Comprehensive Review of Bangkok Master PlanMajor GHG reductions have occurred in the transport and energy sectors.
 Large decrease in CNG and LPG taxis in Bangkok area.
 Fuel switching from regular gasoline and diesel
to mixed bioethanol and biodiesel seems to be influential.
 Increased efficiency in diesel- fueled vehicle .
 The number of passengers using public
transportation such as Bangkok Transit System(BTS) and Mass Rapid Transit (MRT) is growing,
which implies GHG emission reduction is realizedby shifting from private vehicles.

４The Comprehensive Review of Bangkok Master PlanIn early 2019, Bangkok citizens suffered from heavy air pollution due
to PM2.5 with a high risk of health damage.
One of the causes of the air pollution is exhaust gas from diesel
vehicles and controlling such an emission became a matter of priority.
When reducing GHG emissions from some vehicles, it is also possible
to control pollution by PM2.5.

In this case, efforts to combine
mitigating both air pollution and climatechange will be an effective approach totackle the issues.

An existing gap and emerging needs for a new Master Plan and directions decided for filling the gap

４Pre-2020 NAMA period

8-7~20%GHG emissionof Thailand as awhole
ton-CO2

Post-2020 NDC period(Paris Agreement)

-20
~25%

BAU emissions

GHG emissionin Bangkok-13.57%-XX%

BAU emissions will be identifiedby estimating GHG emissions“Without mitigation actions”Target emissions will beidentified by estimating GHG
emissions “With mitigationactions”

Thailand’s
National Target
In 2030

Identifying actual emissions
2013201420152016 2017………

2020

2022 2023…..

2030

BMA’s Target
In 2030

2030 target and updating the Master Plan

４
2019

2020

2021

2022

2023

2024

2025

2026

2027

2028

2029

2030

Current Master Plan

Current
M/PNew
M/P

Current Target
Current activities

New Master Plan
New Target
New activities<Current Master Plan (2013-2023)>
BMA will steadily continue the implementation of the current Master Plan by reflecting lessons
learned identifies through comprehensive review process.
<New Target (2030)>
We will review the current Master Plan. And proceed with the setting of BAU, etc., So set a newtarget for 2030 for GHG emissions around October 2020.
<New Master Plan (2030)>
In parallel, BMA will continue its efforts to secure the 2021 budget needed for the New Master plan.

STEP 1 : Review related policies/plans and their progress in the sector
STEP 2 : Set BaU scenario in the sector
STEP 3 : Set ‘target’ in the sector

BMA set 2030 New Target
NDC + α ＝％Work for New Target

Process for New Target and Master Plan

STEP 4 : Develop priority projects in the sector
STEP 5 : Establish MRV methodologies for the progress of projects/targets
STEP 6 : Identify possible financial resources for implementing the plan
STEP 7 : Develop possible schedule for implementing the plan

Work for New Plan

４2030 target and updating the Master Plan

４

Calculating emissions with mitigation actions
GreenUrban

GHG Emissions

Emissions reduction
EnergyTransport

2020

Waste

Other2030

Time• Planning actions
For national actions, the BMA may requestdata.
For local actions, BMA Departments willdecide what mitigation actions can bedone.
• Data collection
National data: Request from the BMA to
the Royal Authorities (processed by localconsultants)
Local data: Request from the BMA/DOE torelevant departments.
• Data calculation for scenarios
Calculated by local consultants• Decision on scenarios
Decided by the BMA, in consultation withkey stakeholders

５BMA

Cooperation with various stakeholders
Yokohama
CityJICA

BMA
Royal
Authorities

C40
Various privatecompanies

６BMA
Royal
Authorities

Cooperation with various stakeholders
JICA

Emerging issues and proactive efforts needed
Emerging issues driven by the Paris Agreement and the updated
national climate change policies

The Bangkok Master Plan on Climate Change has been
designed and implemented in alignment with ;• International climate change and SD framework(the Paris Agreement and the Sustainable Development Goals)• National policies on climate change and relevant sectors(Thailand Nationally Appropriate Mitigation Actions, andNationally Determined Contributions, National Adaptation Plan,
Energy Conservation Law etc.)• BMA’s other relevant policies and initiatives(Bangkok 20 year Development Plan, Bangkok vision,• City Development Master Plan etc.)

５BMARoyalAuthorities

New target and Master Plan at 2030
JICA

Launch of Training Module in collaboration
with Royal Authority and JICA for setting a
New Target and Master Plan at 2030
 By the request of the BMA, Training
Modules to increase understanding andstrengthen capacity for elaborating a newtarget and Master Plan at 2030 has been
initiated.
 Training Module 1 (understanding steps &framework of master plan developmentand policy review) was implemented on 21
October, where Target Setting Team
Meeting (TTM) was set up.

７BMAYokohama
CityCooperation with various stakeholders
JICA“JICA Project for Bangkok MasterPlan on Climate Change 2013-2023”• Recognized importance of climate change
countermeasures after severe large-scale flood damage
occurred in Bangkok, 2011.
• Master plan covers “Transportation”, “Energy”, “Wasteand Wastewater”, “Green Urban Planning” and“Adaptation” topics.

Final WS event: Launching BMA Master Plan

• The Bangkok Master Plan on Climate Change 20132023 was elaborated, in cooperation with the City ofYokohama and later approved by the BMA Governor,
Signing ceremony of MoC between BMA and Yokohama

８BMAYokohama
CityCooperation with various stakeholders
JICA“JICA Project for Bangkok Master Plan on Climate Change 2013-2023”

2nd Study Visit to Japan
Duration : 24 July thru 2 August, 2019

• Learned efforts by other local governments and stakeholders onenhanced climate change efforts in future;• Learned how to formulate future mitigation and adaptation
actions, including setting 2030 target;• Advanced technical work by working-level official on the setting
target and corresponding actions;• Engaged in a policy dialogue with the City of Yokohama towardrealizing low carbon/decarbonized and climate change resilientcities.

９BMAYokohamaCity

Cooperation with various stakeholders
JICA

Phase 3: “JICA Project for Strengthening Institutional
Capacity for the Implementation for the Bangkok
Master Plan on Climate Change 2013-2023• Strengthening the instructional arrangement ;• Planning and implementing priority projects for climatechange mitigation and adaptation;• Conducting monitoring and evaluation (M&E) of theImplementation.

10BMA
C40

Cooperation with various stakeholders

World Mayors Summit

 On the BMA side, the Permanent secretaryand five executives officer attended theC40 World Mayors Summit.
 Sharing the policy and knowledge of many
C40 member cities has been very beneficial
to BMA.

Al Gore, former the vice president of theUnited States

10BMA

Cooperation with various stakeholders

C40

Inventory based on CIRIS program Bangkok Metropolitan Administration is also a C40
member city and is making inventory through CIRIS
program.
It is very complex and requires a lot ofeffort to improve the content, but there
is a good manual, support from C40.
And the making process and efforts aretraining our staff and lead to capacitybuilding.

10BMA

C40

Cooperation with various stakeholders