8th Sogo Bosai Seminar, DPRI, Kyoto University

Special Seminar on Environmental Hydrology
by World Leading Hydrologists
Compartmentalization of the Terrestrial Water Cycle
Prof. Jeffrey J. McDonnell
School of Environment and Sustainability
Associate Director, Global Institute for Water Security
University of Saskatchewan, Canada

From Engineering Hydrology to Earth
System Science: Milestones in theTransformation of Hydrologic Science
Prof. Murugesu Sivapalan
Geography and Geographic Information Science,
University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, USA

Estimating Probabilistic Characteristics ofExtreme Hydrologic Events and Largestclass Floods under Changing ClimateProf. Yasuto Tachikawa
Department of Civil and Earth Resources Engineering,Graduate School of Engineering, Kyoto University, Japan

Date: May 26, 2017
Place: Wood Composite Hall,Uji Campus, Kyoto University(京都⼤学宇治キャンパス、⽊質ホール 3Fセミナー室)

Schedule:
13:00 – 13:10 Opening Address by Prof. Takara
13:10 – 14:40 Invited Talk by Prof. Sivapalan
14:50 – 16:20 Invited Talk by Prof. McDonnell
16:30 – 17:30 Invited Talk by Prof. Tachikawa
17:30 – 18:00 Free Discussions



Compartmentalization of the Terrestrial Water Cycle
Prof. Jeffrey J. McDonnell

Abstract: Our quantitative understanding of the terrestrial water cycle
dates back to Pierre Perrault who in 1674 “measured” the water budget fora 145 km2 headwater catchment of the River Seine near Dijon. He showedthat rainfall volume explained sufficiently the water carried off by rivers
and removed by evaporation. This study at last demonstrated that
‘underground condensation in reservoirs’ was not needed explain
streamflow or plant transpiration---a concept previously debated since theancient Greeks. Subsequently, the catchment water balance (inputsoutputs=change in storage) has become one of the most important equationsin the geosciences and the major control on the cycling of solutes,contaminants and nutrients. But smooth rhythm of the terrestrial water
cycle turns out to be more compartmentalized than previously thought. New
isotopic tracing of the water cycle shows a distinct lack of mixing of water
cycle components from global to micro scales. Here I describe some of thiswork and the impacts on how we understand and model streamflow,
groundwater and plant transpiration.

From Engineering Hydrology to Earth System Science: Milestonesin the Transformation of Hydrologic ScienceProf. Murugesu Sivapalan

Abstract: Hydrologic science has undergone transformative changes in thepast 50 years, from early empirical approaches to rigorous approaches basedon the fluid mechanics of water movement on and below the land surface.
Challenged by limitations of traditional Newtonian approaches, andembracing a Darwinian, co-evolutionary Earth system science perspective,
development of hydrologic science is now guided by altogether newquestions and new methodologies. In the emergent Anthropocene, this coevolutionary view has expanded to involve feedbacks with human-social
processes as well. In this lecture, I will present key milestones in thetransformation of hydrologic science from Engineering Hydrology to EarthSystem Science.

Estimating Probabilistic Characteristics of Extreme Hydrologic
Events and Largest-class Floods under Changing Climate
Prof. Yasuto Tachikawa



Abstract: Probabilistic characteristics of extreme hydrologic events andlargest-class flood flows under changing climate are discussed. To analyze
the change of extreme rainfall characteristics, a non-stationary frequency
model is applied for future extreme rainfall outputs projected by 20kmresolution MRI-AGCM 3.2S. Then, a non-parametric method is used toestimate frequency relationships of extreme rainfall events and flood flows
using a large ensemble of climate simulations. A physically based estimationof largest-class flood flows using a pseudo global warming typhoon
experiment combined with a distributed rainfall-runoff model is also
demonstrated. All estimation results show increasing tendencies of extreme
rainfall events and flood flows.