-----~

fJ -It'' -l.t ±.~ ~~#.%- tl.t
Transactions and Proceedingsof thePalaeontological Society of Japan
Rtf ;to 15 frFNo. 17

1940(h!!.'l!t,\}1mfo!1.t;

tl'" 47 ~1('; 556-559 HI,It

tP:,mlJ)[Reprinted from JOUl'. Geol. Soc. Jllpan, Vol. 47. Nos 556-559.]

Pal aeonto log ical Society of Japan

:k§

CONTENTS"* Transactions
97.

Kotora j"f. l:IATAI a nd Syozo NISIY<\i\fA, A Prelim inary Note on the Fossils from
Hil'aga-gun, Akita Prefecture, North east l:Ionsyil, Japan (Published Janu ary 20);f-*!IlJ\~HII~;m1El'!:1t;r:j 2, 3 Id,t Ii' L

98.

Giili~ ) ( 1 ~20 EI15~) .... . ... i lil :J:F ,J, [}f..1!§ I.U 1"1=-

Misaburo SHIUAKURA, On the Occurrence of l'axodio:xylon nlbMtense (PEN HALLOW) in the Senon ian of Kal'ahuto (Japanese Saghalien) (Published J an u a r y 20);fll~* -1:< / = T :/ PIT

Ta.-roc/-ioxylon albe·r tenu (PENFTALLOW) l'ClM: v' L G/iij~) (l ~ 20

5

EI1£~)...... . ........... " ................. . .... . ... . . . .... . .... ...... . .. . .... .% iI' B.

4=- nil899 . Hisakatsu Y ABE and Toshio SUGIYA~{A, Notes on Het(J1"ophyUia and Hn.'Xaphylli!t(Publi shed Febr<lary 20) ....... .

9H ptel'ophyllia 3l£K Hexaphyllia 1'C)?kv' L Oilli~) (2 ~ 20100.

EI1£~O··* tJjl ~5i.* III Iij!£. Jill

14

Kotora M. }lATAI an d Manziro NAKAj\WRA, On the Mode of Occurrence of
Gly ry 'm e?'is 1nat~ tnw1 ' i(Jnsis Norl'£uRA and }lATAI, in th e Nanakita Districj', Rikuzen (Publ ished February 20) .... . . .. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. . ........ . ........ . . .
IliliJlljIiXl -I::~tIfI:lUr;Jilt. jj~I1:O

Gtycyme?'is mntumo?·iensi.<

O)w.Ij-\ !lk~~f'('.;~,t v'L Gilli~)

1£~) ...... .. ................................................ :1111

15(2 JJ 20 II:J:I: IJ' [}f. · ·t, H XI~* ))1118

101 . Ichiro HAYASAKA and Soha GAN, A Note on Cam,cl9'olJho?'ia "punlani" from thePerm ian of Timor (Publisbed :March 20) ............. . .......... . . . ....... . . ..

19

'T'C - /~.i;t; ~.!l'i!*El'!: (''ama?'ophO?'ia "pllrduni "

102.

103.

fdkv'-c (3~ ~) ( 3 PJ 20 13~~) ... . .. ... .
..... .. . ............ ...... . ............................ ....... .. If- :iti. - J'l ll·;m i'fr iJ}(24

'l'uJ'l'idae (;7)i.i'i5g!(1rrf:. I#.lT~ 2, 3 (;7);!J~~ (3 A 20 13 fut:~O ... . ..... . .. ·tt'!!

J)II

25

.Tiro MARIY.HIA, Nomenclatural Notes on Some Genera of Turridae (Resume) (PublisJ1l'dMarch 20) . ..... . ... . ...... . .... ..... . .. . .... . . . ..... ........ . ..... .. . .. .. ..... . .. . ...

26

iJj

*

il4\iVH~!fMI'11~i=T-111J:: Dfut:>"'~ht.::~if1~{-\;;~lif~(;7) .JEm 1t~i (4 A 20 13~~O... ................. ...... *1\11 :If }'i!:·rs :J:I:.lJJl ·W. nn Ii!i *-27

Hisalmtsu Y.IBE, Yutaka I NAI an,1 Tokio SIlIK.UIA, Dinosa.urian Footprints fOllnd neal'
Yangshan, Chincholl, ManchoukllO (Resume) (Published April 20)··· · ·· · ········· · ·· ···27

Manabu K OB,IYASI, On a Fossil Elephant founu at Ogurazi n ear Hulmsima City, Hukusima Prefect.llre in North J apan (Resume) (Pnblished Ap ri l 20) .... . . ..... ... ......

32

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A

l'l'ans. P:~]u,eOTJt. Soc; Ja.pm, No . 17, A.l't. !)S, 194:0 : Jo nl'. Gool. Soc ..Tn.pau" Vol. 47, )In. 5;::,6, 1040 .

97.

A Preliminary Note on' the Fossils from Hirag a-gun,
Akita Prefecture , Northeast Honsyit, Japa n .
By

Kotora M. RATAI and Sy6z6 NISIYAMA(Read October 7th ; r eceived October 14th, 1939 )T he stratigraphy oi the region lying on the east and wes t of the Waga
mountains was worked out by K. MURAYAM A ,l ) who gives the followin.g successionof the rocks t her e developed, namely: --'E ast of the vVag't Mountains

I'West of the vVaga Mounta ins(Mahirudake MOll lltai m; and ill the 'Vag~ Basin)

Kawasiri tuff beds
Kanazawa tuff a nd shale beds
Sannai shale beds
, . , " , , " , , " " unconformity" " ., . .... , ., ' . . , ' . '. ,. '.'" ... '".'. unconformity" , , " ., , , " ., , , ., ' :Sasama beds'
I
Kurosawa sandy shale beds
Tunatol'i sandstone and sh~le beds
Hanayama sandstone beds
Araya sandstone beds
, .. , , . " . "', '" . . , up.confol'mi I y , . , . , , , , , , , ,Yosizawa sand and gravel Beds
I

The fossils collected by the writers &re from the west of the '\V'aga moundetails were given. by K . MURAYAMA as
tain,', ' a r egion who;;e precise stratigraphic.
fo llows : Kawasiri tuff beds :-Several hundred meters of green tuff, tuff bl'ecci a, intercalating thin~layers of conglomeratic , and sandy tuff, tuffaceous shale and sandstone. ' The b 3ds COVel'
unconform a bly the Palaeo zoic formation and biotite-granite and hornblende· biotitegranite. The " beds cal'l'Y numerous aUl'iferous and cuprife l'ous qual'tz veins and othel:metallic ore deposits. Abundant silicified \vood and a few mal'in e shellll ar e found in-t he beds .

Kanazawa tuff and shale beds :-Alternating beds of gr een tuff, t uffaceous shal e andsandstone' with a littl e of conglomell'at!1.
the b eds.

'l'hyasi1'a and a n Echinoid al'e collected from

1) K, MURAYAM.A:- Explanatory Text of the Geological Map of Japan, Scale 1:75,000, Zone 9,
Xo!. 111, Sheet 3:J, Yokote. Imp. Geo!. Sun' . Japan, 1937 (Japanese with summary in English),
1 -

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.,

42

K. M. · HATAI and S. N ISIYAMA\ .

Sannai shale beds :- 1s composed of ha r d shale intercalating . with some tuff and sandstone .
Kurosawa sandy shale beds :- B asal con glomerate, 2 to 10 meter s, is followed hy black
tuffaceous' sandstone with conglomeratic layers. Above it occurs an altern ation of
tuffaceous sandston e and· sh ale, about 100 meters in total, super'p osed by thick sandy
shale with some grey shale which consists of the greater part of the beds. On the top
is tuffaceou s and n odular sandston e. A marine fossil, Th yas-i?'a bisecta CON RAD val'.
nippon·ica YABE et NO~LURA is characterIstic of the beds.
Hanayama sandstone beds :-Largely of loose sandston e and conglomerate, with a minoramou~t of shale. Lo cally thin seams of lignite or coal are embedded.
YOlSizawa sandstone and gravel beds : -Unc('nsolidated sand and gr avel in alternat ion,
overlying unconformably the B an aya ma s andston e beds i'n the Waga Basin.

Younger deposits consist of gravel, sand and clay which from the low terraces
along the rivers. The whole complex, from the Kawasiri t~lff beds up to theY osizawa sand and gravel bf' ds apparently belong to the Neogen e in age.
In i'egard t; the entire Tertiary system dealt with by K ! M URAYAMA, the following inter esting remarks are given in his work, namely: T ertiary rocks that grouped he1'e as the Kaw ~s iri Tuff Beds, probably of ea rly
Miocene ag e, construct a great er part of the Ou Mountain Syst em which, in the mapped
area, consists of two mountain masses, the Waga Mountain s on the east and the Mahirudak e Mountain s on the west, sep arated by a lowland, the Waga Basin. The Ka\vasiri beds
may be correlated with the Kosak,a a nd Furokura Tuff B eds known in the Kosaka and
Hanawa sheet-map areas further north. In the southern part of t he Mahirud ake Mountains
the K awasiri t uff beds ar e su cceeded by anot her y ounger series, proba JJly or Middle
Miocene age,' which comprises . t wo r ock-groups, the Kanazawa Tuff and Shale B eds and t he
Sannai Shale Beds. This Mio cene se1·ies seems' t o be equivalent t o the Ogasima Series in
the oil-fi.el c1s of Akita.
·fResting unconform a bly llpon the above ment ion ed ro ck s are Pliocene forma tions which
comprise strikingly differ ent 'lightological t ypes in the east ern and western flanks of the
Waga Mountains, although these seem collectively t o be almo st contempor aneous in age. Int he form er region, the· Pliocene is classifled into t he Sasam a Beds, Tun at ori S andstone andShale Beds and Araya Sandstone B eds and in the latter, into KUrosawa Sand)7 Shale Beds
and Han ay ama Sand stone Beds. Th ese may cor;respond to th e Yuri Series and the Sibik a wa Sandstone in the oil-regi ~n s of Akit a. In t he Waga B.a sin, the Pliocene beds arecovered by the Yosizawa ' S and and Graval Beds 'which are thought to be Uppermost Pliocene in age.

As to correlation l ) of the above stated Neogene deposits with other regions
within Northeal:it Hon sy u, Japan another short article will be published, while thepresent one will deal only with the few' fossils collected by the wrIters on the one
hand and with a few more or less interesting featUres observed in the field on
the other.
.
Before going further, the writers wish to acknowledge their warmest thankl:ito Prof H. Y ABE of the Institute of Geology and Palaeontology, T6hoku Imperia l1) In regard to cor)"elat,ion of geographically isolated geological formations, the readers are refered to an article submitted t o the 61·h Pan-Pacific Science Congress held in California, 1939, in
which correlation of the more important geological formations (Te~ tjary) of Jaoan -are fully dealt with .

-2 -~ A 'Preliminary Note on the Fossils from Hiraga-gun, Akita Prefecture, Northeast Bonsyil, Japa~l43\

University, where the present ' work was undertaken, for kindlY' ;ubmitting thisarticle for publication. Thanks are also due to the Saito Ho-on Kai Foundationin Sendai, for the grant-in-ai.d, which· has made possible the ) trip to'var.ious regions
within Northeast Homyu, Japan.
,.
The fossi ls collected by the writers are f rom two local ities; one is a well ex posed cliff; built of ,rather hard tuffaceous sandy shale of light grey , color, be low
the primary school at Kurosawa in Sannai-mura, and is mapped by K . MURAYAMA
as ' belonging to his Hanayama sandstone beds; t h e other locality is .a small river'cliff in the upper course of the KuroEawa-gawa near ,Kami-Kurosawa , also in
Sannai-mura, and is niapped as the J{uroEawa sandy shale beds. T h() fossils collected are very few in number, as shown below.
Ca?'cli~t?n (Cl'inocanliJlt?n) species indet. .. , . . . . .. . .... . ... Klll'OSaWa
Lucinct' (My?·tea) aC~tt-ilineata CONRAD ....... . . .. . . . . . . .. , KUl'osawa Kall1i-Kurosawa
Macoma tokyoens-is MAKIYAl<IA ... .. .. . .. ' . . .. . . . . . . . . ,. ,Ki.ll'osawa Kami-Kurosawa
lJfacomct incong1'ua (v. MARTENS) . . . . , : .. , . .. . . . . . .. . . . . ·Kul'osaw alJfya cu.ne-ijO?"?n·is (BOH lVI)' . . . ..... : . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Kami-Klll'OSa"'a
Sen'ipes lape?"ou i (DESHAYES) .. ' . . ..... , . . . , . . ... .. ' ., ·Ktll'osawa
l'ellina .species indet . . ..... ' ....... ' . . . ... . ' . . , . . . .. . . ·Kul'osaw a Kami-Kul'osaw a
Ncttica jcmthosto?na DESHAYES . .. . . ,. . .. .. . . .. ..": . .. . . .. ·I(urosflwa Kami-Kurosawa,

Although the number of fossils are very f ew at both localities, it is interesting to notice that Ser?'ipes lape?'o~Gsi (D~SIIAY]]S) is very common at Kurosawa
while 111ya cuneiformis (BOIIM) is most common at Kami -Kurosawa.. Further, a llof the . specimens of Lucina aC'l.Gtilineata CONRAD which have been collected orobserved at the loc~lities , are very small in size, irregardless of the fact that theseas at the ti'm e when tlie fossils once lived wero cool; a climatic condition quitefavorable to L'l.Gcina aC'l.Gtilineata.
Juding f om lithological characters of the two localities, that of Kurosawa ishardly distinguishable from the light grey to yellowish, rather hard tuffaceous
sandy shale of t h e Kuzui3awa bedsl ) ,l1f·ar Aterazawa- in Yamagata-ken. The Kuzusawa beds near Aterazawa in Yamagata-ken is also characterized by having large
numbers of Se?'ripe.~ lape?'o~Gs'i · (DESIIAYES) in addition to TW'?'itella saish1Gensis
YOKOYAMA, B~Gccin'l.Gm and others. The locality of Kami-Kurosawa which consists'of rather 'compact, ashy-grey tuffaceou:s sandy shale, much resembles the fOF:isiliferous parts of the Wakimot0 2) sandy shales beds on the Oga P eninsula in Akita-ken
as w~l1
the Hanezawaa) sandy shale beds near Sinzyo in Yamagata-ken, andas1) E. ]\I[URAKOSI :-'Ihe Geology and Topography of the Upper COUl'Se of the Sagaegawa, Nisi]\I[urayama-gun, Yamagata-ken. Graduation Thesis of Inst. Geol. Pa!., Tahoku Imp. Univ., (in Japanese), 1936.
2) S. NOMURA and K. BATA!: A Note Concerning Data on the Bathymetric Range of Certain
Marine Animals and Remarks on the Geology of the Neogene Formations in Northeast Bonsyu,
Japan, and Theil' Depth of Sedimentation as Indicated by the Fossil Fauna. Saito Ho-on Rai Mus.,
Res. Bull., No. 10, ,po 317, 1936.
'
3) Y. IrzuKA: On the Geology of the Yamagata Oi-Fields. Jour. Geol. Soc. Tokyo, Vo!' 37(Supplement to No. 447 ), 1930 (in Japanese). S. NOMURA and N. ZINno :-List of the Neogene Mollusca
Collected from the Vicinity of the T.own Sinzyo, ]\I[ogami-gun. Saito Bo-on Rai Mus., Res. Bull. No.

13, 1937.

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K. M. RATAI and S. NISIYAMA

44

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also ~imilar rocks with fossils are d · veloped along the upper course of the Nikkogawal ) in Yamagata-ken.
From the foregoing statements it appears tbat the lower part · of the Hanayama sandsto'ne beds of K )\1uRAYAMA sbol'lld better be placed in a part of theKurosawa sandy shale beds, particularly from the view point of ' fo13sil-content andlithological ch~'racters as will be stated in full elsewhere. 2 ) Consequently, it follows
that. the Kurosawa sandy shale beds plus a part of the Hanayama sandstone beds
'is an equivalent of the Wakimoto sandy shale beds of the Oga Peninsula, andthat tbe Yosizawa sand and gravel. beds may roughly correspond to the Sibikawa
sandstone beds of the Oga P enins-ula .. Further correlation will be ' given elsewhere .
.

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flU :i=r /J\ 116 • i1S III ~ :='f-*Eil1'tlWfI;t'VIlIIill P:J;ji~(U"ll]./(..LJ:I~I~Hc1£~-1!- :o,~=:'*2Jl!j-.p KEl;:i- ;o. 1t;f:i I'C)jj.t l'! ;ij;;,iIlf03tI-c1k-c :i!!!;-<tz: ~ "1t;f:i31Iuc:til!.m-i;l:;fiI(Eil · 1117~Mi 1'\fT- I'C 1t'i't M};tn.>lt KJl:i-11111'~1Md~ J: ~ 1....- "CT:ffl!!;'t~R t.: :0, L c !Jij G;>3,

c t.: tt- ~0

1,ij'ii'HIn¥a1!r 1-;ti\!fVIIT.p t.: ~ 0

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1)
NOMURA :--On Some Neogene Fossils from along tl;le Upper . Course of the Nikko-gawa,Akumi-gun, Yamagata-ken, Northeast HonsyiiI, Japan. Saito Ro-on Rai Mus.,.Res. Bull., No. 13,1937.
2) A full account of the Tertiary Deposit~ of the J apanese Islands is now in .preparation.

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TraDS. Palaeout . Soc. Japan . No. 17, Art. !H, 1940:

98.
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Jour· Gool. Soc. Japan. Vol. 47, No. 556. 1911:0.

On the Occurrence 'of Taxodioxylon albe,r-tense(PENHALL01W ) in the S~nonian of Karahl!-to(Japanese Saghalien).
By

Misaburo SHIMAKURA(Read. October 7th, 1939, Received October 14th, 1939)•
A -number of fossil wood from Ka'Yaka,mi Coal Mine, Toyohara-gun, Karahuto(Japanese Saghalien) is stored in the Department of Geology :;tl1d Mineralogy,
Hokkaido Imperial Univ8rslty, Sapporo. It is interesting that there is a , woodspecimen belonging to l'axodioxylon albe1·tense (PENH ALLOW) SUIMAKURA among
these materials. /General structure of this specimrn is:
Growth rings wide,· boimdarirs distinct. Bordered pits on radial ,~r alls of early woodtrach eids circular or oval, arranged in one or two rows, opposite and laterally cnntacted
wh,'n in two rows, with circula r or oval pit-apertures ; crassulae distinct (F ig. 1). T ~n- _gential bordered !'pits of l ate wood tracheids sin~tll, circular,' scattered, few in number; withoval or lenticular p i t-apertures; often contacted and compressed bnrdered pits present inboth ends of tracheids. R~ys', v.ery high, ..often ·reach 70- 80 cells high, 1-2 cells wide (Fig.
2); ray cells all parenchymatous, irregular in size and shape, ray p its' on later al 'wallsl?-rge, circular, half-bord ered, one, rarely 2- 3, pel' field; with oval or obI'ong, oblique pit-

Fig. 1. Radial section uf the vVoocl, showing
Bordered pits on the tracheids and rays.
-5

Fig. 2. TaJ1gential section of the 'Vood>showing biseriate )·ays'.

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M. SlIIMA KURA

46

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Fig. ~ .

Radial sectioIj. of the Wood, showing Ray-pits in the fields.

Fig. 4. Transverse section of the Wood, showing traumatic resi~ c·a nals.

apertures (Fig. 3); tangentIal and ho rizontal walls of ray cells thin and smooth. Resincells scattel'ed thronghout growth ·ring; horizontal walls
resin cells seem to be sm-ooth.
Normal resin canal always absent; while ';erti('al traumatic resin canals distinctly present(Fig. _4).

ofThe present J3pecimen agrees III every respect with Taxodioxylon - albe?·tenseI\
described by PENHALLOWI ) under the name of Sequoia AlbM·tensis from the Edmonton Series of the Red Dear River, 100 miles west of Gleichen, Alberta,
Canada.
It is 'doubtless that there are some phylogenetic relationships between this-wood species and Sequoia. Although KRAUSEb2 ) thought that this wood species isnear to Taxodioxylon sequoianum (MERCEL.) GOTHAN, the essential difference between the two is in the laterai pitting on thfl · ray -cells.
According to I\NOWLTON and PENH ALLOW, Picea albertensis PENHALLOW,
Cup?'essinoxylon, mac?'oca?'PQides PENH-ALLOW, and Sequoia reich§nbachii (GEINITZ)
1) PENHALLOW, D. P.: Report on a Collection of Fossil Woods from the -Cretaceous of Alberta.
Ottawa Naturalist, Vol. XXIV; No.4, 1908.
' 2) KRAUSEL, R.: Die, fossilen Koniferenholzer. Palaeontogr., Bd. LXII, 1919.
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On the Occurrence of Ta:'cod'io:lJylon cdbei·tense PF.!WALLOW in' t;hel Senonian of Karahuto

47

or

HEER accompany ']laxodioxylon albe1'tense (PENH ALLOW) in the Cretaceou s
Alberta district. In, Kawakami Coal Mine, the present writerl) fonnd the following
species:

Cladophlebis jrigicj,ct (HEER)I·
N~lssonia sp.
Nipponophyllum sp. nov.
Bmchyphy,ll'l.tm v'l.dga1'e (STOPES et FUJII)
Bmchyphyll'l.tm sp.
B7'achyoxylon sp.
Cedroxylon cf. Yend oi STOPES et F (JJII
Piceophyllum sp.
Piceoxylon sp. . ? Prepimts sp.
Phyllocladoxylon aiI. Gothanni (STOPES)
POd oca?'poxylon sp. .
? Sciadopitytes sp.
Ol'yptome?'iopsis antiq'l.ta S'l'OPES et FUJII
Pa?:ac'l.tp?'essinoxylon C?'yptome?'ioides SHIMAKURA
Geinitzia sp. (aff. Sequoia ?'eichenbachii HEER)
St?'obilites sp.
Carpolite.s sR nov.
,?

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The second record of 'l'axodioxylon albe?'tense (PENHALLOW) was published in1937 by the, writer.2) It is two specimens collected from the Senonian (the Hutaba
Group of the Urakawa Series), one f~om Oriki Mineral spring and the other fromthe south ' bank of the Asamigawa, Hirono-mura, Hutaba-gun, Hukusil~a-ken,
North~ast Japan. The occurrence3 ) of this r::pecies in the Sen'onian, of Karahuto
may indicate ' its wide distribution in the East Asia- in that time.
Finaliy the writer wishes to express his sincere thanks to Prof. H. Y ABE of
the T6hoku Imperial University for his kind guidance, and also to Prof. T . NAGAO
of the Hokkaido Imperial University for hjs kind offer the specimens for study,•1) SHIMAKURA, M.: Preliminary Report on Some Cretaceous Plauts from Karahuto. Trans .
. Palaeont. Soc. J ap., No. 23, 1936.
2) SHIMAKURA, M.: Notes on Fossil vVoods, V. (In .Japanese). Journ. Geo1. Soc. Jap., Vol. XLIV,.
No. 527, 1937. SHIMAKURA, M.: Studies on Fossil Woods from Japan and Adjacent Lan-is. Contribution II. The Cretaceous Woods from Japan, Saghalien, and Manchulmo. Sci: Rep. Toholm Imp.
Univ., Set'. 2, (Geol.), Vol. XIX, No.1, 1937.
3) SHIMAKURA, M.: The Past ,Distribution and Origin of Coniferous Pl~nts in J apan . Jubilee
Public. CommemOl'ation of Prof. H . YABE'S 60th Birthday, 1939.
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M. SmMAKURA

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:li:fb~t!f:O) :tH'&; K J: ~ ~t7~iEl:*1il<1jdg'~~Jf~tl1I:1Il!'i1t~~~;{lj7J~~*BlfJi)tffi:tI~*~mr;mIJlLI:i!i::!:it~0) 1t;Q* a:Y/=YE-l!:"Q*ti,*--'C 0)11" K Taxoclioxylon albel·tense Kfi"J5EI±l* Q >j, 0) a: Ji!.1±1 lAc 0!llYtlo) t/ = 7:/

I: 0) >l, 0) v.t)f;I'C:~*;b'jji(.\.'ibJil;j\J.l~~;m~lPi

Mil>!:,!ffJ:';!r -l!:" Q t 0) ~:§t <fi"J -:f)Ill";V?L" , ;J:t:K PENHULOW K J: -::J L" j] 7-~. 0) Alberta :It!!.

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Reprinted froU't J ou r. Geo l. Soc. Japau, Vol. XLVII, ;io. 551, F ebruary 20 tll . 1940

99. Notes on Heterophyllia and Hexap hyllia
By

Hisakatsu ,YABE and Toshio SUGIYAMA(Read October 7th; received' October 14th, 1939)

In the fifteenth Meeting of the Palaeontological Society of Japan ' heid June
17, this year at the G eological Institute, ~okyo Imperial University, the preselit
writers reported on a new discovery of some fossil corals belonging to the ge ll era
Hexaphyllia and Hete1'ophyllia in a Lower Carboniferous Limestone of Hikoroiti m ura, Kesen-gun, I wate-k en in the Kitakami Mountainland 1
At that time twon ew species were distin'g uish ed of Hexciphyllia, but only mere mention of the occurrence of He te?'ophyllia could be given, owing to its scanty material. Subsequently better specimen s of the latter genus were found in the 13ame material
and a carefu l examination ·of them has not on ly revealed that there is a new,'pecies, but f urther, what is more important is that the material brought forthgood evidence confirmatory to the close relationship of th e two genera, andmo reover, that t hey are not in ha rmony with the view of their being hexacorals
or t etracorals in ordinary sense. The present note is devoted to the de13criptionof the new species of H exaphyllia and a consideration on the systematic positionof the two genera as indicated by the arrangem ent of septa.
The genus Hete?'ophyllia was firbt erected by F . M'COy2) in 1849 on H. g1'andis
M'Coy and II. O1'lwta M'Coy ; the original generic diagnosis runs as follows:<" 'S tem elongate, sUbcy Jindrical, il'l'egular ly fluted longitudinally : h01'izontc~ l section, few,
distant lamellae destitute of any order of arr8ngcment, · but irregu larly branchilig and coa lescing in their passage from th e thin solid externa l walls towa rds some indefinite point llear
the center, whcre t he few main lamellae il'l'egularly anastomose : ve1,tical section, showin g about
the middle
irregu larly flexuous lin e (the edge of one or two of the l'edi a tin g ve .-t ical lamell ae), from whi ch on each side a row of thin, distant, ' sigmo ida lly curved p lates extend ob liquely upwards and outwa rds, forming a l'OW of large 1'110111 boidal cell s on each side,".

an

In 1869, Y M. DUNCAN3 ) extended the genus H ete1'ophyll-ia to iLlclude his new1) H . YABE and T , SUGlYA.MA: Discovery of H exaphyllia in the Lowcr Carboniferous of Japan.
Trans. l'al. Soc. J apan, No. 16, Art. 91, pp. 85-88, pl. 13, 1939.
2) :f. M'Coy : On Some Nf'w Genera and Species of Palaeozoic Corals and Foram inifera, Ann.
Mag. Nat. Hist., Ser. 2, '1'01. III, p. 126,1849.
3) P. M. D ONC AN : . On the Genera Het e'rophyzz,ia, Batlersbyia Palaeocyclus, and Aste·rosmiNa; theAnatomy of Their Species, and Their Position in the Classification of the f'cl erodermic Zoantharia.
Phi l. Trans. Roy. Soc., London, Vol. 157, pp. 644-648, 1867.
-9-

Hi sakatsu YABE ~nd Toshio SUGlYAMA

82

species 'm'coyi, lyelli and rnimbilis, aside from sedgwick?, gmnt6lcbla and angtdatct
which are closely allied to the previously known species (Het, gmn dis and o?'nata),
and distinguished two groups of species; in the first three species coralla aresmall and constant in bearing only 6 septa: these species were correctly tran sfer edby later authors to an a llied genus He xaphyllia S'l'UCKENBERG, 19041) with the
genotype I-Jex. p?'isrrwtiw S'l'UCKENBERG from the Lowe'r Carboniferous of C.~ ntral
Russia, It is h ence quite natural that the generic diagno sis of HeteTophyllia given
by DUNCAN 2 } differ s from that of M'Coy. The m embers of the other group of
DUNCAN being left in Het e?' ophyllic/', its confine IS now almost reduced to theoriginal one.
Hete?'ophyllia, in this revised sense, has only those species r eported from theLower .Carboniferous of Scotland, and it is by the p resen t discovery of a new
species of it in the Kitakaini Mountainla.nd that it to the first time has l5een foundto have had' its geographical distribution outside of Scotland, and extended to the
Far East; it is particu larly interesting that the genus occurs in association with
He xaphyllia 111 the contemporaneous deposits in Japa n as 111 Scotland .

.Hete?·ophyllict kitaka?1tiensis, sp. nov,
PI. 4 (1), Figs. 1- 7

CorallUl11 (or corallites) cyindricnl, somewhat attenuated posteriorly cali cal and basal
p a rts not preserved, ohlong in cross section, slightly arcuate, over 30 mm long, up to 2.5 mm
broa d; wall 0.15 mm thick, consists of tbin primordial wall and rat ber tbick stereozone, thelatter · composed of, under high magn ification, numerous cOll centric layer s arranged as in
Hexaph y llia e l ega1~S Y ABE and SUGIYAMA and Hex, ja.poniccb YABE and SUGIYAMA . Septa
13; two opposite, septa, presumably ca rdinal (c) and countc'r (c') septa, meeting at the centerof cOl'allum, lying on a medi'al plane aud dividing it symmetrically into two bilateral parts,
alar septa (a) as large as cardinal and counter septa, strongly converged towards cardinalside, united by tbeir inner margins to cardinal septa at 01' neal' the center of cOI;allum;
other septa strictly confined in counter quadrants, 9 in number ill the t y pe specimen, com- .
prising 5 in right side and 4 in left si de, Tabulae few, distant, either ascending close towali or' nerrly bOl'izontal (PI. 4 (1), li'igs, 6 a, 6 a' 6 b, 6 h') . Outer surface mol'S or less costul ated along tbe inner margin of septa; other wise smooth,Remarks: At p"resent having no evidence of colony building, the coral inquestion is considered as forming simple corallum. It agrees well with IIete?'ophyl lia in every feature and especially is similar to H et . angulata and Het. sedgwickiin th e general outline of corallum and in the arrangement of septa; but the two
foreign forms are larger, bear a greater number of septa and tabulae.
J)

A. STUCK ENBERG : AnthozoE'n und Bryozoen des unkren Koblenkalkes von Oentral Russland.

Mem. Oom, Geo!. Russie, n. s. No. 14, p. 72. 1904.

2) P. M. D UNCA!f : l. c. "The corallum is simple, long and slender. The gemination takes placearound the calicular margin, and is extracalicular, The septa are either irregular in number and' arrangement, 01' else are six in number and regular. The costae are well developed, and may be trabecular, spined, and flexuous. The wall is thick, tbere is no epitheca, and the endotheca is dissepimental."
-

10 --

83

Notes on H eterophyllia and H e.'Ca phyll-itt

Besides the typical examples of Het . kitalcarniensis ther e are severai cora11a intran sverse section which diverge from the typical examples in ce(tain r espects,
namely, subquadratic outline, prominent costa-like ridges, and slender septa; theseare for a while distinguished as H et. sp.
3nov., efr . kitakarniensi s (Text-fig. 1, (8) ;
2 !@C
; J
~
3
;.
PI. 4 (1), Figs. 8,9).
~Egc
Localities and geological horizons;I
C 1
Pa:ss between Higuti-zawa in Kawallti
and Onimaru in Omori (Reg. No. 63272,
holotype, and 63279), Yuba-zawa in Sakamoto-zawa (Reg. No. 65280), both in
Hikoroiti-1nura, K esen-g un , Iwate-kell. , 7
Lower Carboniferous Onimaru Series;
found in limestone in association with
L i thot?'otion i?'?'egula?'e (PHILLIPS), Sy?'in gopom spp., Hexaphyllia japonica Y ABEand SUGIYAMA, Hex. elegans YABE an d ·SUGIYAMA, Oza1UCLinella, E n dothym. H et.
d. lci takarniensis is from the first loText-fig . .1. Sketches of H etM'oph yll-ia .
cality.

®,C
C 1\

,

1:-7. H ete?·ophyzz.ict k'itakam'iens'w, sp . n oY., shownin P\. 4 (1), Figs. 1-7.
8. H eterophyllia cf. k-itakarni ensis, sp. noY.,shown in Pl. 4 (1), Fig. 8.
9. H eterophyU'ia gmnulata D UNCAN, x ca. 1.8
10. Hd el'ophylli a sedgw ick-i D UNC AN , x ca. 2
11. Het ~ ?'ophyllia angulata D UNCA N , x.ca.2

Manner of Increase of Septa
in NumberIn the form er paper dealing with
the Japanese species of He ~:aphyll i a the .
writersl) referred to the particular modeof thickening of the stereozon e of wall, namely, each of its lamellae which areparallel to the primordial w.a ll bend abruptly backwards or outwards in approaching the proximal end (i)f septa. The very Eame feature is visible also in He xaphyllia lc-itakarniensis and Het. cf. kitakarnie?~sis. In these two genera, the enlargement of corallum takes place along the proximal end of septa; in H ete?'ophyZlia
with more than 6 septa, the points of most vigorous growth of wall increase in
number with new addition of septa.
While Hexaphyllia possesses only 6 septa throughout its individual life (except the youngest stage, of which nothing is known to the writers), Hete?'ophyllia
in advanced stages of growth is always provided with more than 6 septa and it
is now found that there is. a young stage with 6 · septa only, which are' arranged
similarly as in Hexaphyllia (Text-fig. 1, (1); PI. 4 (1), Fig. 1). 'There are numerous young coralla or younger parts of the mature cOl'alla of
the Japanese species of H ete?'ophyllia, in transverse section, which serve for deciphering the manD el' of addition of new septa in the genus ; the following interJ)

H . Y .~BF: and T. E UGIYAMA :

I. c.

-

11-

"
84

Hisakatsu YABE and ,Toshio SUGIYA~IA

pretation is proposed in harmony as possible with that now current as to thesepta of tetracoralls and hexacorails.
Some of the motit typical ones observed are selected for illustratioll ill theannexed Text-figures 1 (1-7). Fig. 1 represents one of the youngest or smallest
coralla, measuring 0.6 mm in diameter; it is quite similar to H exaphyllia in possessing 6 septa, but differs from it by thinn er stereozone · of the wan and angularoutline; in this the writers assume ~, ( ,~, ~ and !, ! to be the cardinal, counter, alarand first secondary septa respectively, the last two appearing in the counter quadrant. In Fig. 2, th er e appears a septum ~ between! and a in the right counter
quadrant (or the quadrant assumed to correspond to counter quadrant of tetracorals) . Next in Fig. 3, another septum ~ appears in the left counter qu:adrant,
and in Fig. 4 one more ~ in tile right. In Fig. 5, there are al ready . four septa(1~) in the right counter quadrant and three (~-~ ) in . the left.
In Fig. 6, theright counter quadrant has five 'w pta (1- Q) and the left four C!-~); in Fig._ 7, the 'former six (1-£) and the latter five C! -Q). In the Japan ese species, there is no
example possess i~g mo~e than ~levell septa aside the s:lardiual, counter and alarsepta. According to this interpretation, the younger septa appear successively
close to alar septa in the counter quadrants and none in .the cardinal.
At present the writers have no material of H ete1'ophyllia from Scotland for
cOlpparative study, but can find good illustration s of Scottish forms in several
papers consulted 1 ) . These figures show that all the species surpass the Japa neseform in number of septa, thcmgh on ly -by a few, and at the same time that theformer do not essentially differ from t he latter in general plan of the arrangementof septa which makes it very probable that in these species the succession of septa
also follows the :::ame rule as observed in the Japan ese, though it is not excluded
that some of th e septa, especially smaller ones, may belong . to a different cycles
than others or may be different nature, .as the exosepta of the H exacoralla are.
Accepti ng the view of six primary
septa in all cor3:1s-H exacoral E', Tetracorals
and those now in concern-every corallum
can be considered as being divided into
six sextants. These sextants are all equivalent in h exacorals younger septa appearing symmetrically in r egular cycles in eachof them. I n tetracoral s,' two sextants ad1
2
3
jace~ t to the counter septa are suppressed
Text-fig. 2. Scheme of orth ogenetic septal
and younger septa .are added only in the arrangement of H exacorals, T etr a('orals andtwo othei' pairs of sextants, where the ad- Heterophyllidae.
1. Hexacorals
dit.iori. of septa takes place always one2. T etracorals
sidedly. In H ete1'ophyllia and H exaphyl3. H et erophyllidae
lia, on the other hand, four sextants-two

00@®

1) Beside those already cited, to mention at this pl ace is.
Manu al of Palaeontology, 3rd Ed., Vol. I , p. 271, 1889.
-12 -H. A. NICHOLSON and R. LYDEKKER:

Notes on IIetel'ophyll'ia and IIe:;:aphylUa

85

adjacent to the eardinal septum and two to the counter-are suppref3sed and new
septa appeal; only in two intermediate sextants; further they are related nearer
to the Tetracorall a than to the HexacoralIa in the arrangement o~ new septa inthe two sex tantf', alwa.ys being one-sided and never symmetric al as in liexacorals.
In his paper of 1887-, DUNCAN!) discussed the f'ystematic position of Hete1'ophyllia, including also H exaphyllia of the present day in his conception, andeventually brought them under ;E-Iexacoralla and especially included them in the
Family A straeid:~Le, erecting a new subfamily Palastracacea for them. Later, F .
. ROEMER2) recognized th eir a ffinity to tetraconi.ls, and in consequ ence raised thesubfamily to the fami ly Palastraeidae in transfering it to the Tetracoralla, in his
Lethaea Palaeozoica, 1880. M. NEUMAYR also sustained ROEMER'S view after alengthy' discu ssion in his "Die SUimme des Tierreichef3, I, 1889. 3 ) S1'UCKENBERG/)
founder of the genu s B exaphyllia, h owever, sim ply followed DUNCAN in 1904, as
to the systematic position of this genus, without any particular comment.. Inlater editions of K . v. ZI1'TEL: "Grundziige' del' Palaeontologie,"5) I-Iete?'ophyllia,
H exaphyllia and Batte?'sbyia are all placed in the Cyathophy llidae. V ery recently
W·. G. SAN FORD6) in his through revision of the families of the Tetr acoru Ila, threw
Hete?'ophyll'a and H e:wlJhyllia, together with Batte?'sbyia, aside in his "Unr~so lved
genera."The writers h ave shown above that H ete?'ophyllia and Hexaphyllia a,re guite
different from hexacorals, in spite of their having in common six primary septa;
likewise they' can not be included in . tetracoralls in the ordinary sense. Certainly
tp,ey need their own family, distinct froIn. any other coral fa.miliee, for which
Heterophyllidae is h ere propo.sed on the typicaJ genus Hete?'ophyllia, to substitute
Palastraeacae of DUNCAN .and Palastraeidae of ROEMER, !ts t he older naines are indish armony with the Intern ational Rule of Zoological Nomenclature.
As to the systematic possition .of the family H eteroph yllidae, the writers now
bear in mind an idea as the following scheme shows:
Hexacorallll:'
Tetl'acoralla•

Dy~ oelia-in c ludin g the single fam ilY Hete rophyllidae. ·'l'etracoelia- incluc1illg a ll other families hi th ert o assigned to the Tetracol'aUa .

1) P. M. DUNCAN: 1. c., p. 650.
2) F. ROEMER: Lethaea P alaeozoica, I, p. 412, 1880.
3) M. NEUMAYH: Die Stanune des 'l'hiel'i'eiches . I, p . 275, 1889.
4) A. S'£UCKENBERG: 1. c.
5) K , A. von ZIT'£EL: Gl'undz uge del' Palaeontologie Invertebrata, p. 108, 1924.
6) W. G. SANFORD : A R eview of th e Famili es of 'l'etracorals. Part II, Amer. J our. Sci. Vol, 237,
No.6, p . 416, 1939.

-

13 -

•

86

Hisakntsu YABE aud Toshio SUGIYAUAExplanation of Plate .4 (1)1-7.

/II et'erophyllict k'itakamiensis, s.p. nov.
1. Cross section , 0.6 mm broad ; X 20
2. Dittfl, 0.711]111 broad; X 20
3. Ditto, 0.9 mm broad; X 20
4. Ditto, 1.1 mm broad; X 20
5. Ditto, 2.2 mm broad ; X 20
6 a. Ditto, 2.5 mll1 broad; X 20
6 a' Microstructure of wall and septa of the specimen shown in 6 a; X ca. 20
6 ~ Longitudinal section of the specimen shown ill 6 a; r: 20
6 b' Microstructme of wall an d septa of the sp ecimen shown in 6 b; X ca. 20
7. Cross section, 2.1 mm broad; x20
8,9 . H ete1'ophylUa of Jcit'akamiensis, sp. nov.
8. Cross section, 2.8 mm broa d i X 20
9. Ditto, 2.3 mm broad ; X 20
lOa, lOb. Microstructure of wall a nd septa of II exaphy nicb elegans YARE and SUGIYAMA
Xcu. 15
10 a Cl'OoS 'sectio]]] 0 b L :mgitudin a J section~*$)if1Jiij IB](})*~jf, J:.fe::Jkv'-c;';!;t¥~#i\ 11"'!lII Ef tJlrtr;f;t(})l~~~:5~M(}):5hl;:;';!;t.b- b He.mphyllia (}) 2 rirrfll a:$1!r~, ~W!fK

Hete1'ophyll'ia (})#~-tQ ~tfiti'ili U;:.1.l~, ;!tUtliJf~a:mH'tdi'i*;!t IIete1'ophyllia >/, 1 rirrtillt.l: Q i:.

C ~ ~tY.>~t;:o ;llk$)iWi,ijjf1Ef::4q-iIl~-15'--t!"-15'-iIT 6 till-:::i.l.ilt,w,71>1;r:n 1;.l1-, !!l<K EI:¥.b> H et('1'OlJhyllia ())~ 2 (})~
tlt!;t:'iI? <> 0 ~u- Ef::4s.:~J1:/:;Wi Jrej(})'fllH11nJ.l1-t 1*fflll <, r7<J~I1'W:il!i a: JE.5J'-fiiJ U-~t;: (}).y t.l: 1; -"-C f;ttIJJtJj71> 1;Ji~??MtJjK~ 6 r"9(})m:~r;Hif (})~1t:;lEKm~:9U(})JIWiff:Hli.~S' L

H eterophyllia Ie:ji'v'

c 1.li/±\*tc Jlt (})*j![.5fHe: J: Q U!:$)iWiJrejf11L
0

K!$:i~i.t ;:, fMJ% a: ~~ , /'>:iltl)]Jlr.jl].ilEK rmMlJ»lfJ\ll r.p (})1nJ.l1-vll!E1f-(})#vr. t l\.l1- b.l1- 1;( v'11'l1 a: ~ L.- -C J.;:,:O; 0 1A'-:-:::>-c;llk$)iWiimla:1ll*-J-Q 1 rirr# H eterophylJi 'ae a: Jlt ~I'(m: nlil-J-Qo
Il!EK~n 1; .l1-kf,lQ < :r;:iltlJ»lr.jl] L:' (';tm:Ilhl~iV: 6 .;- IfrK-;j;RK jj'ij t IiUtJi*K;[f1.l1- ~>i.l~ . ImMl)]JlJijl]L:'f1 4 .;- Ji)j-Iz:I~ b.l1- -C J.;:, Q 0 H eterophy11idae "'('I-;I:]J! fe: 2 .;- IfrKI~ G.l1- Q (})ij. t,c 1;"1', ~1lhl!:~1.l(t.:*1'fmK!!ic:9tl ~.l1- Q~:;lE K'if;f%()) r7<JJl1~fMi;.l!t$)i (-;I: I!fI:iltl)]JlfJ\ll Klli~L:'h Q 0 f,t -:::> -C Qg .~tfJ\llfJ\ll a:rirrlZ: Tetrctcoel'ia c Dycoelict c Krirr 1'( 2 5t L Hetero-

phyllidae H~* Kl\f.L Q 1.l;J~ t !£-1!\' -C 0 ~ 0-14 -Vol. XLVII, Pl. 4(1)

100. On the Mode of Occurrence of Glycymeris
matumoriensis NO MURA and H ATAJ', 'ln
the Nanakita District, Rikuzen .
By

Kotora M. HATAI and Manziro NAKAMURA(Read October 7th; received October 14th, 1939)

In a recent article, S. NOMURA and K. HA'l'AI1) recorded from the Mi'ocene
rocks of the Nanakita District in the north of Sendai City, Rikuzen Province,
Honsyu, a very interesting shell , which they named Glycyrne1'is matumo?'iensis.
I n their report it was stated that this particular species occurs at Matumori (thetype localit.y), I siku ra and Kumagai, being par tic1'llarly abundant at the first
locality and frequent in the others. Since their publication, the writers havebeen engaged in the field study of the Nan akita District, and although thE workis yet in progress, the writers have found, they beli6ves, inter estillg data in thefield which throws additional light. on the mpde of occurrence of this species.
H ere the ~'l'iters wish to thank Prof. H. YABE of the I nstitute of G~ology
and Palaeontology, T ohoku Imperial University, Sendai, where the present work
was done, for so, kindly pren:titting and also for generously sUbmitting this a rticle. for pUblication.
In the Nanakita District, specimens of Glycyme?'is are 'so abundant in a par~ticula rly horizon of considerable dil;itribution within the District, that the writers
were lead to distinguisli it as a separate zone, to which the name Glycyme?'is-zone(shown in the accompanyi Dg ~plate ) is given, The stratig raphical position of thisGlycyme?'is-zone will be given at a future opportunity.
,
The Glycym e?'is-zone has a rather uniform thickness of about 1 meter throl]ghout nearly the whole of the central part of the Nanakita District, and is important
as a good k ey-bed. The numerous specimens of Glycyme?'is ill this particular zone.
nearly all are referable to Glycyme?'is matttmo?'iensis Nomura and Hatai.
Nearly all of the specimens of Glycyme?'is as can be obs~rved in thc fieldoccur with their convex-side up, and very rarely down , as is normal. IEOlated
valves are most common, whi le iutact valves . and disto rted ones are rare; some ·occur only , as moulqs or coasts. The specimens are fairly liniform in both horizontal and vertical distribution. The lacality of Matumori represents the uppersandstone to the conglomerate horizons, while the localities of Kokuda and Kumagai r eveal ou.ly the conglomerate and lower sandstone horizQns. Among theset hree important fossil localities and di:ffer~mt rock-facies, Glycyme?'is occurs mostI

1) S. NOMURA and K. HATA I: A List of the Miocene Mollusca and Brachiop-oda Collected fromthe R egion Lying Nor th of the Nakakita River in the Vicini ty of Sendai, Rikuzen Province, Japan.
Saito Ho·on Rai Mus., Res. BuTI., No. 13, p. 123, pI. 17, figs. 1-6,' 1937.
-15 -

88

Kotora M. HATAI and Manziro NAKA~ruRA

abundantly in the conglomerate facies, and about equally in the other rock-facies.
In association with Glycyme1'is mat~~rno?"iensis NOMURA and HATAI, are foundseveral interestig molluscs as, Pecten kanehami YOKOYAMA, P. kirnumi YOKOYAMA,
P . cosibensis YOKOYAMA, P. p arap lebejus NOMURA and HATAJ, P. akihoensis MATSUMOTO, and others. This fauna certainly points to the Miocene age of th e Glycyme1'is-zone.
.
I n the east valley of Kumagai, the Glycyme1'is-zone consists of conglomeratic
sandstone, comprising pebbles which are well water-worn, rather uniformly ~rranged
and lheasuring about ] -3 cm in general size, although large pebbles measure as
much as 7 cm. The pebbles are larger above and smaller below wher e th e general
size is about 5 mm to "1 cm. The only fossils recognizable here are Glycyme1'ismatu?n01'iensis and Dosinia kanehami YOKOYAMA, the former being most common.
The cementing material of the conglomeratic ~andstone con.-ists of tuffaceous m nd
more or less calcareous.
The small exposures along th e road-cutting a little north of KU,magai, exhibits the Glycyme1'is-zone with pebbles larger than the foregoing locality, ' thelarge ones measurin g ab"out 10-'18 cm. H ere ' the largest pebbles a re found in th e
upper and lower parts of the zone, while in the middle the pebbles are small, and'their arrangement is irregular. Mould specimens of Pecten kim'Llmi YOKOYAMA,
P. lcaneha1'ai , YOKOYAMA, Dosinia kaneha1'ai YOKOYAMA, a species of Spisida, 'a
species of Venus, besides those of Glycyrne1'is are recognizable ; here Glycymeris
is rare, while Pecten and Dosinia predominate, The cementing material consistsof tuffaceous sand which is at places more or less calcareous.
At Ono, the Glycyme1'i s-zone i8 well _exposed, and although Glycyme1'is is not
the predominating fossil" Pectens are unusually abundant,. The conglomerate at
this place is' very compact, being cemented by tuffaceous mnd which is more or' less calcareous. The large pebbles measure about 5-8 cm, while t he largest areabout 20-30 cm; these are well water worn. The pebbles at t his place are larger
at the base as we]] as at the top, while the middle- part consists of smaller ones.
Unlike the other places, h ere pebbles of pumice are fairly common.' No gastropods WE;re fOlmd, but besides the predominating Pectens and EOme of Glycyme1'is,llt[ytih~s c1'assitesta LISCHKE was found.
I n all of these three localities, it is interesting to notice that the fossils generally occur as moulds or casts, and that no gastropods were observed to occur.
Also th e fORsils ar e either para]]el to the dip of the beds or a little oblique tothe angle of dip. From the facts, that fragments of shells are very rare, thatthe mOl:ld specimens still exhibit th e minutest detail of sculpture, that the cementing materi al is r ath er calcareou~ at places, and t.hat, the GlYC)jme1'is-zone varies
in both lit hic-nature and faunfi.l facies at places, it can be inferred that, 1) thefOE:sils ,ver e originally embedded in complete state (with their shells), 2) the shellsof the fossils were lost by secondary actio'n (ehemical), as tho shells were dissolved,3) water-worn sh olls are very rare, thus showing that wave action may not havebeen strong, and, 4) that the change in both lithic-nature and faunal facies within-

16-

On the Mode or Occurrence of Glycyme1'is matumol'iensis NO~ru RA and HA'rAI

89

the same beds according to locality, may be explained from observations of therecent shorf's (particula~ly of large bays as Mutu Bay in Aomori Prefecture),
Judging from the fact tha t the Glycyrne?'i.Hone has but a sIght thickness
and that the overlying sandstone is cross-bedded and gradually merges into thealtern ation of sandstone, shale and tuff, it appears that deposition was one of ashallow sea: Further evidence for this statement is upheld by the fact that large
size shells of Glycyrne1'is do not flonri sh ill deep waters of the present seas,

Glycyme?'is rnaturnO?'i ensis NOMURA and I-I A'l' AI , 1933
PI. 5 (2), Figs, 1- 7,9.
1937. Gl ycyme1'-is mat'umo1'iens-is NmlUHA and H AT AI:

A List of the Miocene Mollusca and Bt'achiopoda
pollected from the Region Lying North of the Nanakita River 'inlhe Vicinity of Sendai, Rilmzen Province, J apan, Saito Ho-on Kai Mus., Res. Bull. No. 13, 123-125, pI. 17. figs. 1- 6.

Original descripti on:"Shell moderate i ll size, subcir cul a r 01' more or less r oundly trigonal in outlin e, nearl yequilateral, strongly convex ; t est thick an d heavy ; anterior a nd p osterior ext r emities almost
equally rounded; base regularly semi-circular in curvature; dorsal mar gin subequ al, stron g,
00
0 1' · a ~rifile convex, f orming a t teak an an gle of aboHt .1 20 -130 ; bea ks ' alm ost centra l inposition, small, rather obtuse, app r oximate, slightly obli que ; surface provided with n arrowand shallow imp ressed radial grooves which ar e lUal'ked on central p art, beco min g obsolete
towal1cl either side of disc : ipterspaces b etween gr ooves flatt en ed, mu(·h wider t ha n grooves,
ol'llamentecI by two 01' three fin e r adial grooves on their back; growth lines r ather distinct,
somewhat fimbriated, some being larger than others ; hinge-line considerably arched: area
hig h and broad 1 trigonal in outline, marked by about ten 0 1' mor e r adiatin g grooves; t eeth
rather small, a b out t en on each side of area, of w.hich two 01' three centI'al ones ar e generally oblitel'eated; muscular ' impression inacesible in all sp ecimen s at hand, but judging fr om
exposed parts,' they were possibly well defin ed; inner mal'gin r ather fin ely crenul ated; lengthca, 60, height 58, depth ca, 20 mm (left valve)," ,-The specimens collecte¢l. by the w~iters from Matumori, K okuda and Nal'aki,
give the following dimension '(i n mm) : L en gth
HeightD epth

49
47
16.5

53
47
20

48
47
19

43
ca ,42
'15

56
28

42
38
15

34,7
32,5
10.4

48.5
47
ca. 1562
56
19

The specimens show but little variation in the outline of the valves, being
subcircular in the majority of the specimens, In the depth of the valves also
only slight variation can be noticed, some being less convex than other s, Thedifference in the strength of the radial grooves may be dlle to' the different degrees
of weal' of the outer shell. The muscular iinpres~ions are well defined,
As already stated by S, NOMURA and K. HATAI, this specie~ "apparently belongs to the group of Glycyrne?'is yessoensis (SOWERBY), a common recent as well
as fossil species in Japan, from which it is distinguished, in possessing a morecircular outline of shell, more inflated disc .and higher ligamental area with fewer-

17 -. Kotom M. I-IATAr and Manziro NAKAMU RA

90

teeth. G. C1'assa K URODA1) from Sillano province is closely related to t·h e present
species, but may be di stin guished by having a greater number of ligamental
grooves. KURODA'S species, according to his description, is Eaid to have sjx grooves instead of ten or more as in the present one." Glycyme?'is k-suznkii OINOMI2
RADO, recently publi shed by T. OINOMIK AD0 ) from the Miocene rocks' in thevi cinity of TakaE'aki City in Gunma-ken, is also r elated to G. mat'umo1'iensis
NOMURA and I-lA'. rAI, in the outline of the shell and general characters, but isdistinguishable from the presen t one by the more inflated test and ' broader shell.

Explanatioll of Plate 5 (2)Fig's . 1-7,9,
Fig.

8,

Glyc,!}1ne-ris matt~m01'iens-is N OMU RA. aud HATA.I (natural size), Showing the·general outline of the valve :, convexity and interior of a valve .
Thc Glycyme1'is· zone (G) overlying with unconformity a sandstone bed,·(III ~ ~t:;li-UI:EEl ftlJ.1;K~~·'i' Q t:j"ff#~o:p".

C,l;me1' is :i!Il' l: Pf,.£: >b G1) t... ~ 0

Glycymc1'is G1)t;Wa: t.:. l -C Ifli < :$1;(rj~ Qr~;lj;f<b ~ 0 ZI1:~;;&i-~G1) Gly.

tt:i!ll't:j:'JOC >b $- < ft;:1' Q1t15vi Glycymeris matumorien.s·is NO)IURA and HATA! 1: G L , . 7C G1)jf{*~I1: l -C, '/fr

U1HfH t,z: l, J1H ll3<' a: *1'

0:ttlJ.Jllto:pfC*~ Q .I.)'!k~11: normal t.r. ~ 0 ~iJ-; convex side ~ J:1:fI'C JfiJ I1Q >b G1)11- < , con vex s ide a:r'1nc
JfiJ I1 3>bG1)M;;&i-K ~l ~lo.l-c_JlltG1)gMWK.l.IT.I1:~l<.K~.1'oMG1)~~15>b~a • • ~~l1kQtG1),.I1:.*l: ~ ~kQtG1)~~.Kl-C , .r-cE$~Q>b G1) 11-lo(~!*-i.o:pQJ'@!I1:11- < G1) ~il'-:k ~ 'i! QJ
Go~.~I1:DKlL,

at.! Q >b G1) l!i~:YUl,;!tG1) rn'I'dTIo:kt.r. Q t G1)i'1Ti.7-.:t-Q <:. l:;hQ >b;!l>l!lb-Cj,' .

*~.~K~D&rkQ~~~.iW-c.~l,.MK~D.~.~Q.:$1t;hDo·t-'ffJr:fXr:j-l G'lycyme1'is ilW l: .:g1t11 t,;fl.tc Q >b G1)*/v U ... <, !!i'(:ii'Jr~.30;t:l!!:ii'Jr:fXK-CI1:l~k101lG Q.I. >/, G1);h ~ 0 i t'
~ G1) W-~, 'j (v''i!, :Jil:]!(/litiil: J: ~ D !J'IJ !llJi-tQI'C ~iIIl'i'i~~o < ~i~fClt.'-CMl!lG~G ;fl. lt G1) l:.\!',tlti"'o] ) T . K UltODA in H ON )[A: G<;ology of Cent'ral Sinuno (in Japanese), Pt. Fossil Mollusca, p . 2D,
pI. ]2, figs. 90, 91, 1931.
2) T. OINOmKADo: Neogene Shells from j;he Vicinity of the City of Takasaki, Gunma-keu, J apan,
Trans. Pal. Soc. Japan, No. 69, p. 673, pI. 20, figs. l-il, 1938.
-18 -Vol. XLVtr, pt 5(2)8SrNOZAKI

photo.

"

'.
~".

\

Reprinted frol11 J our. Geol. Soc ,. Japlln, Vol. X,I;VII, ~o . ~18, Marc h 20th , 19~ff.

101.

A Note on Camarophoria "purdoni" fromthe Permian of Timor
By

Ichira HAYASAKA and Saha GAN(Received November 20th, 1939; Read Febru;~ry 24th, 1040)

I.
The speCIes Cama?-ophO?"ia "pit?-doni" of Timor described by BROILIJ ) seems
to include a few heterogeneous types that may perhaps be other species. GRABAU
separated the smallest types (Figs. 19-23) from the larger -and more characteristic
ones as spec.ifi.c ally distinct, and identified with what he described as C. 8upentes.(VERNEUlL) from the Permian of Mongolia. This far, GRABAU'S opinion has to befollowed.
According to our observations upon the ' specimens collected about a decadeago by the senior writer of this note, there is quite a wide range of variationsin the form of the shells and the number of the plications on the shell surface;of the latter those on the lateral parts of the shell are very indistinct as a whole.
In several of t he specimens there is only one plication in the median depressionof the ventral valve, corresponding to which a pair of plications develop on the
median fold of the opposite. The largest number 9 f the plications observed in
the ventral median depression is 6. Of the total of about ten dozen specimen.s
more than one half are rather well preserved and allow detailed observations. regarding the development of plications. . They are divided into groups according
to the number of plications ' developed. in the median depression of the ventral
valve, as follows.
I-plication group.:23456-

"
/I

/I

II

4 individuals
14
f!

15
32

/I

7
3

Thus, the 4-plication group seem3 to be the most frequent., which fact has
been represented also by the illustrations of BROILI_ GRABAU defined his Mon1)

BROILI :-Die permische n

Brachiopodell ' von Timor, p. 55. (1916)-

19 - -

128

Ichiro HAYASAKA and Soha GAN

golian species O. pn7'donifo?'mis to develop 3 plications on the median fold of thedorsal valve and 2 on' each laterctl part all coming into existence almost simultaneously: on either side of the media!l three one additiona.I plication ' is developed ina later stage of growth of the she]], thus the median plications numbering fiv ealtogether. At this stage there mu st be four median plications in the median
depression to correspond to the five of the opposite.
This far concerning the specimen No. 390 (Fig. 1, pl. VI.) of GRABAU. The
second specimen which is more imperfect than. the other (No. 391: Fig. 2, pl. VI)
has 4 strong plications in the median fold of the ventral valve. In this specimen
the lateral plicatio~s are much more distinct than the other specimen. In nocase the lateral plicatiolls are distinctly developed in our Timorese specimens thathave less than 5 plication s in the ventral median depression. Lateral plications
are, in reality, very faint and hardly recognized, in general;" in the specimens
with 1 to 4 median plications. More than that, the lateral plications, when developed, are always dicidedly weaker thau the median ones, and usua]]y appear
con siderably later than the latter.
Thus GRABAU'S indentification of his Mongolian species with the Timoreseo~e does not seems to be agreed to by us. Not to speak of the smaller size ofthe !:ipecimens, the mode of
development of plicatiolls is
judged to be quite different in
the Mongolian and Timorese
fossils. The latter is characterized by its non-plicate tendency of the lateral shell parts.
In this respect it appears todiffer f~'om O. purdoni DAVIDSON
of India as was originally described and pictured by theauthor (Fig. 1).
Although
BROILI eays that h e has madeFig. 1. Camarnphoria IJU1'don-i
a comparative stndy of the DAVlJ)SON, reproduced from
Timorese and Indian specimens the original illustrations ofin order to identify these fos- DA:VIDSON.
sils, the 6-plicated specimens that develop lateral plication differ from DAVIDSON'S specimen in that the lateral Fig. 2. A typical example
of Camarophoria purdoni
plications are only very faintly rep:J;esented (Fig. 2).
BROI L.I (non DAVIDSON) , reWe should like to propose a new specific name for the
produced from BROILI'S
monograph to compare with .
Timorese species" namely,
timorensis. This is based
the original figure of D ,(on the specimens represented by the figures 7-14, 16, 17,
VIDSON (Fig. 1 l.
and possibly also 18 in BROIU'S monograph :at our disposal there are about ten dozen or specimens, as stated elsewhere.
The chief characteristics of the new species are given below . .

0:

-20-

A Note on Camaropho?'ia "pw'doni" from the Permian of Timor

129

II.
Oamaropho?'ia timo?·ensis,sp. nov.
C. purdoni, BROILI :-Die permischen Brachiopoden von Timor, p. 55, pl. 11, figs. 7-14, 16, 17,
and 18(?).
1928. C. purdoni, HAMLET : -Permi~cbe Brachiopoden, Lamellibranchiaten und Gastropoden vonTimor, p. 37, pI. IX, figs. 5-8.
1916.

The shell is quite variable in fOI'm and also in size, but the majority of specimens arewider than 101lg. The measurements of about a dozen specimens, larger an'd smaller, givethe length-width ratio ranging between 1:1.04 and 1:2.1. If we take the length-width ratioof dorsal valves only, as to correspond to GRABAU:S measurements, it varies between 1:18
and 1:1.51. This shows that the shell, as a whoIe, is much more transverse than C. PU1'don-ifo'l'mis GRABAU. A larger specimen measures about 38 and 39.5mm, in length andwidth respectively. and smaller ones are 23:28, 25:30, etc.
As to the height of the shells the following measurements represent the average va lue:a specime~ which is 36mm long and 39 mm wide is ' 26 mm high: another specimen measures 34 X 36 X 23 mm in length, 1vidthand height respectively; the ratios being 1:1.08:0.72
and 1:1.06:0.68, respectively.
The ventral or pedicle valve is .Jess inflated than the branchial valve, but owing to thevery strong development 'of the median fold on the latter, corresponding to a medien depression on the former, thu's formin'g a very .deep sinus in the anterior commissur~, theoutline of the shell is often quite deceptive. The development of plications 011 the medianfold and in the median depression that begin not quite a half W::tY from the beak to theanterior margin, gives to shells a trilobate apearance, the lateraI _parts being only very
faintly plicate, or sometimes, even almost nonplic~te : thus the median and lateral parts
are quite strongly contrasted. In this point, the present species diff81'S from C. pm·don·i
DAVIDSON l ) with which it was regarded by BROIL I as identical.
The umbonal region of the ve~tral valve is quite wide and semi circul arly convex along
the longitudinal axis, but the beak is very abruptly pointed and curved up over the umbon a
I'egion of the opposite valve, deltidial plates not being observed, eventually. Pseudo-area
is not developed. Concent ric SCUlptural element is hardly recognized except in a specimen
or two in which very faint but rather closely set growth lines are observed (Figs. 6 and 7,
PI. 9 (3»). In a few other, mUlti-plicate specimens g rowth lines are represented by imbricating lamellae along the anterior border.
1) DAVIDSON :-On Some Carbon. Brachiopoda collected in India by A. Fleming, etc. Q. J . Geol.

sOC. London, 1-8, p. 30, pI. 2, fig. 4. (1816).
. VI AAGEN :-Palaeontologia Indica ser. XIII, Salt R ange Fossils vol. 1, Productus Limestone
Fossils, p. 437, pl. 32, figs. 1-7. (1887).
DIENER :-Pal. Indica, sen. XV, Himalayan Fossils vol. I, part 3, The Permocarboniferous Fauna
of Chitichun, No.1, p. 71, p1. XII, figs. 6,8,9. (1897).
DIENER:-Ditto vol. I, part 2, Anthracolithic Fossils of Kashmir and Spiti. p. 79, pI. VII, fig. 4,(C. cf. Purdoni)' (1899).

DIENER :-Ditto vol. III, part 4, Anthracolithic Fossils of the Shan States, p. 40, pI. VI. fig. 1 (C.
cf. Purdoni). (1911).
In the original description (1861) DAVIDSON says that "the surface of eacb valve is ornamented
with from eighteen to twenty-two angular ribs of which from seven to eight occupy the fold andfrom six to' seven the sinus."-21-

Ichiro H AYASAKA and Soha GAN

130

The variatioll in number of p lications an d the mode of thei r multiplication will beconsidered below, as it has been obser ved with a p a rticular interest. The plications are all
qu ite round ed at the top and are separated by g'rooves not wider than, or at times a lm ost
as w ide as, the a lternating' plications .. ·rn.
The ribs or plicatioD s in the median depression as we]] as on t he medianfold are more or less .angular and more prominent if compared with those on thelateral parts 'w hen they a re developed there. The r tbs are formed at a distance,
not seldon . at halfway . from the beak t.o the anterior margin, but where there are
more than one, they do not necessarily appear contemporaneously. They increase
their width and h eight quite. conspicuously toward th e anterior border. They
also increase in number by means of adding on the outer side of the pre-existing:in the case of the plications within the median depression of the ventral valve,
this has been obRerved to be as in ·the followi ng diagram.

-I

I - plication group

I)

2-

II

II

1/

1\
3-

II

1/

1/\ 1\\

/1\
4-

/I

"

...

1/

//\\

"'~ ';'~

c1\\\ ;/1\

1\\\ 1/\\ .

5-

1/

1/

6-

1/

1/

111\\ 11/\\1/\\\ . II\~

111\\

111\\ .

1/1\\\

Fig. 3. Development of plications observed in the median depression of ventral valves.

From tb,is diagram we can recognize two cases for the origin of t he 2-plication form : namely, ill one case, one plication is added t.o the plication of the 1plication type either on its right or left, and in the other case, the two plications
come into existence almost a.t the same tim e, at a distance from the beak. The
latter case - seems to correspond what has been described by G R A.BAU about theM()ngolian specimen wi.t h three dorsal' median plications. The interpretatioll may-

22 -A Note on Camarophor-ia "purdoni " from the Permian of Timor

131

;-

be either that the second ease is derived ' from the first, the intervening stages not
being represented in our collection, or that the two types of the bi-plicate forlhs
are primarily of different habit. Observations on many individual s with 3 ormore med.ian plications seem to sllggest the validity of the 'first postulation. .
The developm.ent of addition,al plication or plications takes place on the outerside of the median plication bundle, so to say, in the majority of cases : notseldom two new ri bs are added on one side of the median bundle, ' but morecommonly,. when two plications are 'added, one develops on each side. In one
specimen, a short, thin rib is added betweeJt the first pair of the median plica'tions. .
Taking aJl the observations into consideration, it does not seem that there i, 'any rule or law ' foi' the development of ribs on the shell surface. Although
there must naturaly be a limit withip which irregularities can take place, th edevelopment \lnd multiplic~tion . of ribs seem to be quite fitful.
,
Between the number of plications and the size of the shells, the relation, if
there really exists a~y, seems to be rather inversive. An average l-plicatiol1 individual measures, 33.5 x 35.5 x ~3 mm, in length, width and height, respectively,
and a 4-plication specimen of the average size measure 30.5 x 35.5 x 20 mm, while ,a 5-plication shell of a larger size. is 31.5 x 35.5 x 23. The formation of plication s
may be due to the instinctive effol'ts of the animal to extend the body surface
exposed to surroundings. Consequently, the developmEmt of numerous plications
may be useful to supplement the retardation in the growth of the shell as awhole.
By. cutting and polishing anum bel' of specimens, inner structures have been
examined, but owing to the nnfavonible fossilization in most cases, datails havenot been accessible to us. The characterestic features so far made known by
BROIL! have of course been observed, but they need not be recapitulated in thisnote.

Explanation of Plate 9(3)CamarophQ?'ia timo?'ens-is HA.YASAKA and GAN(All figures are in natural size. a, ventral; b, dorsal and c, lateral views.)
Fig. 1. A l:-plication specimen.
Ffg.2. A 2"
Fig. 3. A 3Fig. 4. A 4Fig. 5. Another 5-plication specimen.,
Fig. 6. A 5-plication specimen.
Fig. 7: Anothel' 5-plication specimen.
All the specimens are frou{ Besleo. It is very difficult to photographically represent
the details of the mode of multiplication of pJications eithei· in the median. depression or
-

23 ~

132

Ichiro HAYASAKA and Soha' GAN

on the median fold. Note t he orimental indicatiol} of the lateral plications in the speeimf>ns
l'epresented by the figures 5 and 7: other forms are only very faintly plicated, if n ot nonplicate.

1- 'f: - )L- .lib mo:l C. "ptL?'don'i" ;6'YfYi:it.t ll1: DAVIDSON o:l~:flIH,,:JKij <!~" :o $ 1IJ'/ 71> ',!::fJ: !J, Z K:iM L-JEJriJ Camo,·

j'ophoria timor ens is a: :!A!~ o

-

24 -

Vol. XLVII, PI. 9 (3)K)jf,t-C 2, 3 O)~~J.!: ~ LEI *i!i ~4'lI1~ftJ3l'~ 17 mJf7rJitVC&* LkA~t~,O) 9JL:'~:f:ifrl:f:iJ:.K~mt~-r .Q~XJitt ft t- Jlt~KfM'j~KlIc.-r4j~.!:, L k o *~~O)-5t7J.ifi l!l 9ilE -c'MH·J~ L; -C 1;:;.Q o)-C'~~
J317t~:OOf';J:,4-0).!: t. 6&*"'.Q t-~~ o JltWl31ltfi*-Jm'8~Ef:¥~lIc.~it O)32tJ1JJVC J: .Q1ff~0)-'lm-c'
ITUl'l'idae(/;0-C, ~rn~~=ripO)~~~r&tt;P1ff~O)~-~fj-c'1b.Q 0:ft~L:'1tf:* Asthenotoma .!: L -C ~nfL -c 1;:; kJJ. fi l'omopleum CASEY, 1904 -c'1b .Q 0 l'omople~(,?'a0) !J -1 f fi PlCU9'otoma nivea PHILIPPI, 1851 -C' COSS~IANN, 1906 0)5E'U.Q ~ 0) -C' (/; .Q 0 i: 0)45
fi-~VCfi1bi !J1! fi fLi", k~' MELVILL, 1917 (Proc . Mal. Soc"

Vol. 19, p .

146,) 1 J\.:M5Lffl

Lko DALL, 1918 (Pl'OC, U, S, Nat, Mus-" Vol. 54, p , 332) 0)~JlL-C'fi!J-17·fijg l' e9'es O)f.!I!
-c'1b.Q .!: v-.~ o Lip.Q VC CASEY fi p , malcimonos JOUSSEAUME, 1883 t-*:oo:.!: fiij-;w(iv"C7}7J.i L-C
1;:;.Q o)-C',~k fi:1Et6:ilf.1m t-J'E%K~~ L~.Q o HEDLEY, 1922 fi.li±~ t-illr Asthenotoma' HARRIS"
and BURROWS, 1891 .!: L-C;J&o., Jltf±:;Jj .M:ft~K~-0-C*kO)"C'(/;.Q o 4sthenotoma fijlfi OUgotoma BELLARD I, 1875 j'j~~fll1fiij:f:i-c'(/; .Q~vc tt-0-C3;&1±\ ~fLk45m-c'1b .Q:D> G, *:j'iftvc J: I)~!J-1 7·fi&H'& Pe~wotoma meneghinii MAYER, 1868 -c'1b.Q o B E LLARDI j'j~1&VCtJi'd;Jl<Lkf7IJO)q-,VCP,
baste9'oti DESMOULINS, 1842 j'j{(/; I) ,t- COSSMANN j'j).!J -1 7· .!: ~/vtc: 0) -c' 1b .Q 0 i: 0)~V::;Jj
fiaA:D>K~~-C' Asth~notoma O)!J -1 ffi ip£O facto VC OligotMiia O)!J -1 7·VC-~ L BELLARDI
O)5E<\)k ~ V-C'7t ~fL~7t G~ o gp ~ Asthenotomafi l 'om opl e~wa .!: fi~IjO) ~ 0)-c'~;M-0)W:~1j fi
JJ.(7)%'iltJ:.~~-C ~ a.}jJ~-c'(/; .Q·o l'omopleu9'a pJi',mO)f7iJfi 1', nivea, 1', malcimono's, 0)1I!!VC 1',z

ve9'teb9'ata (SMITH, 1879), 1', niponica (SMITH, 1879), 1', yOlcoyamai (MAKIYAMA, 1927) 1', subdifficilis (MAKIYAMA, 1927~, 1', quantoana .(YoKOYAMA, 1920) j'j{(/;.Q o 7tfl..li±1I!!VCEl*lrivc 2,3:00: j'j).1b .Q Ji!,~ 'C'1b .Q

0:;9(VC EI*lri0) 1t;pliC~ < Clavatula .!: L-c~nJ/1. -C1;:;.Q ~ O)fi~;f;ITlnIhm Pa9'adrillia VC-r;S-r.Q t.w-r.Q 0 !J -1 7· fi Ddllia dainicliiensis YOKOYAUA, 1923 .!: -r.Q 0 Clavc!tula LAMARCK, 1801 O)!J
-1 7·-C'1b.Q C, CMonata LAMARCK ' (Monotype) figsjlPJlriO)I/m-c'(/; 0-C EI *~0)4'1I1.!: 1i:f7t I) ~.Q 0
P cwadriZlia fi:;k.lf-fOPEit¥$lriO) clavatula K7J.i1f1. Lk.Q %0):00: !d'F15--r.Q 0 l'mchelochet~!s COSSMANN, 1889 VC.l:I:-rfL~ffilj'j).*1B < ;j;/f~ <, ~ftJK~aA7t~~iI).1b I), .:cO)fifJ:;Jj-c'fir.v'E~Ufi 2 7t Lti\t~U.!:~it L -C:MtT%(J)~~U t-~nlt-r.Qo i k~1mh'lt~~K~-C~~-r .Qpjfj'j{1b.Qo ~*IBf';l~-0-C~*-r .Q oti< J: b D9'illia s,s, .!: L-C~IlGfLkQtl7J.it- b zquisit09' HEDTEY, 1918 VC1b-C-C1;:;k o ili:~fiC lav,lts MONTFOR·.r, 1810 ~~--? -C* -C?;>.Q ;\,j'j>1b.Q 0 -t- 'i> .:c ~ Drillia t-I~UIE Lk3;ffi\il f';l~!J -1
7·-C'1b.Q D, umbilicata GRAY, 1838 (COSS1UNN, 1898 ~5E) 'j'j). Clav cbtula VC-r~"7t v-..!: ""~~5E
VC;£v-. -C 1;:;.Q 0 ~i».Q K:;W;1Jf!1j11H}~K~v-. -C, i kn!fI:§"O)?!1!AVCM-v-. -C*f1Il:fi C,lavatula -C'7t
B * ~O) Ddllia f';l:;k7f~0) ~ 0) f';l .~ < filnI,m Clatlwod1'illa :qALL, -1918 KJ!\ -r.Q 0 D, jefJreysii.!: '/J>, D, pse~!dOp9'incipalis '.!::D> fiZj'j>:f7iJ-c' 1b.Q 0 /J \%-c' I~~UO)/faJj1t ~ 0) fi:ftttJ.lnIJ£ Cymatosy9'inx DALL, 1889 vcIJi".Q o tiv-.,m:f:i Drillia fi:i»<O):tm<~m-r.Q o ~fL~~ Drillia .!: L-C""0-

25 . -

134
llE.~~ L.ib

oml'C. L. -C l'~wricula ~ Clavatula ~1til.0) t O)iJ{ib 0 iJ> t)t;' v.~45 ~JJ.t,*1i L l'Cf!}ffl L.

-c1'i.1i i?1iv.o

Nomenclatural Notes on Some Genera of Turridae.
By
Jiro MAKIYAMA. Ton'/,orileu'ra. Tomopleura CASEY, 1.904, Pleurotoma nivea as its type is valid and takes plaf'e
A sthenotoma of the Japonic fauna.
ParadriZZia. A new subgenus of Clavatltla. Type: Drillia dainichiensis YOKOYAMA, 1923. Different from Trachelochetu.s in 'having a slenier spire and well-marked special banis near the shoulder,in front of which axials bifurcate, and making a cancellate ornament with spirals.
D1'iZZia.. This old name is valid for the type D. timbilicata GRAY, 1838 is not a species ofDla·~·atula. Enquisitor and Clavus which have been used for such species as Drillia jeffreysi'i will bea ken pIll ce be Drill·ia.
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Dino::;allJ.'iall FooLpriu( :; found JJ oar Y a ug:;hall , ChiJlcllOl1, Mallcboukuo(Resulne)By

l:lisakats ll YABE, YnLaka !-' .-\ I :llld Tukio 8 111 1( .\ "1.\
Fuur a ppa rclltly tridactyl e fuotp ri nts illlpressc(l on twu coarse-g rained S<llu.lstolle pl ates werB cu llecLed b.y l\I1'. 8. 8,\ '1'0's party uf geu~og i cn. l exp lorers uf t he l\1a nsyu Kogj6 Kai hatu KH isya at ESlleltiatzu n eal' YangsLll1n. lyin g sou tb of Ch oya ng i n Chinchou. Tlte sandstone is presulIlalJ ly Cretaceous.ill age. The bes t one is h er e phot(\grapheci (somewhat redllced, about 0.7 of natura l size).
For t lte con veniellce of futLll' e reference, t he foo t.prilll;s arc to he di s t.illguisheci under tlte mllne
Jcholosmo"'pus s-satoi ; Somc d etails arc to be given in t ile furthcoming number of t he Proceedill;,;'suf t hc Imperi a l Academy, V ol. XVI.

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c mu1m1(7)fJiJO,c -C, ;!'t:(7)1fu<7)*1m~iJ{* f'tfL L 1;) teo
IIIlPlFJ.im1ntlim1&!1'L L f't~ ~ [!!Jim t 11 L-, TliilnMh: 7.:> 1b (7) c~.r-.... GfL7.:> 1b 2'i:;;{iv.-:?.tL(7)fJ'Wh: l) ~tk:%:
L :D,,tJ. 7.:> 0 3 ~~(7)1.!IlPlFJ.im<7):&: ~ 35 mm, .:c (7)1.!IlPlFJ.imO)ifk*<7)~~ 63 mm, ~%f(7)*JHi J: l) I!flprf}im~(7)ifk*(7)~C; 85mm -c'ih7.:> o 1.!f1. PlFJ.imf'tihi l)jljU
m.i1§ii', J}.'if%f(7)*im"c:Ii~v.Lf'ta}jIaJtK loxodont
sinus tf,ig~, 1W~(7) loxoc1ont sinus MI'L f'tih i IJ ~~ l) iJ'11 v. o $:IJl~)i!t<7) ~ ~ f't 2mm J: l) 2.5
mm -Co, .:c fLI'LUlh: 7.:>tBVjxf~tglHPJ;tj o 1 ~~O)~ c; f't 16 mm ( ~~ 5.6)0 ~ff~(7)ifkfW::1J<7) 1b 0) J:=¥-'ffI'L~U7I L-tefl;!fk f't~mu 3

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xPalaeolox oclon aomor iensis (TOKUNAGA and T.ucu) (J)i1lt:l1l!.

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OO%Q)~ilXl'L ~{tT ~o tJ,J:Q) ~ J: IJ Pr1laeo loxodon namadic'Us natmwnni (l\1.AKIYAJ\U ) c',@n~m llrf:W:±l)Q):lfkili:Q) Elephas namctdictts nattmanni MAKIYAMA c'ib ~ e!:.}[I,I'J:.,tl~ o~ 1 1iI1'J:.*:F~I'L1t:-t1 ~ Palaeoloxodon namadicus nauman'ni (MAKIYAUA) ~Jt!!O) 7t1fiIlm -c'ib ~o

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2. Palaeoloxodon na'lnad'icus nau1nanni (MAKIYAMA)

C7.>7ffI:l:l±1!!/f (;r,mJil/f)
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tLO)~~1..trf-J 1m 1:l1:Q) bJ<13f~~±Ji ( d Ji) :iJ{.£'IX.~o Jlt O):f:-U!.JiI'L~i ,tl ~~/Ii*~7t1EIW*j!fQ) 1b (7)c'~~o .lIt o.:>:f:-U!.Ji/liJ.ffi.\.{t-1:t~ ~~-C'/libJ<131i ~ lb*~rem13 VL~{t.T ~o ~~ilXQ)1i1iW:iJ{~~T.Q o .lItQ)J:1'L ID em {li:O)V'i!i!Fm13Q)frJ;m-H~L I.' 2m tJ, J: Q)i!Fm131&m- (e)'N ) :iJ~.m:1i~ opji/li;:r:j~ ' ~*£J:~ 1fj[ l'L~tro .lItQ)f&)'N/liJ:'ffl)-c' /Ii*m~b'z e!:. 'IX. ~, ftI±Ji ( f J!-) 1'L~{t-r ~ 0 -=t Q)
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J1i J: IJ ~ll!r{t;:r:j:iJ{. 'I±\± L-tc: o wt:JJm L-tLA.;JcQ) ~ ~~I'C J: ~ e!:., r* e; 3 m I~~ 10 cm. {li:O)¥.IiH~13O)
1) J. MAKIYAi\L\: J aponic Proboscidea Sci. Mem, Kyoto Univ, (1938).
2) j\o';j# ~ = : ;>f~~r)Ki5Ht ;o!ifr&1tICjIi$LillIJl/'$, tll!.~UMf~, 14':; 45 f{S, niH'/i 13 ~ (1938).
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On a Fossil Elephant found at -Ogurazi near Hukusima City,
Hukusima Prefecture in North Japan (Resume)
By
Mauabu KOBA YASIIn last May I f(,lUnd an elephant remain at the cited locality in a Pleistocene depo~it of 15. to
20 m in thickness which consists chiefly of clay, sand and gravel in alternation with intercalations oflenses of andesitic purmice. It . is overl ain by a younger formation and underlain by the T erti ary
agglomerate.
The fossil is a fragmentary tooth which may be referred t o PaZaeoZoxoclon namacl-icus naumann'i(MAKIYAMA). The specimen in which three chirolites are preserved is 48mm long, 73mm broad aud
85mm high. The grinding surface is concave. On a side of the chirolites there is a distinct loxo:lontplica at the middle. The . enameUayers measure 2 to '2.5 mm in thickness_

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Oonstitution of the Palaeontological S cietyof Japan.
Article 1. The Societ,y shall be known as the Palaeontological Societ,y of Japan. It forms a sectionof the Geological Society of Japan.
Article 2. The object of the Societ,y is the promotion of palaeontology and related sciences.
Articl~ 3.

This Society to execute the scheme outlinerl under Article 2, shall hold annual meetings anrl
discussions.

Article 4.

Proceedings of the Society anrl articles for publication shall be published through the
Journal of t.he Geological Society of Japan . Separates and circulations will be sent, tomembers of the Palaeontological Society who are not members of the Geological SOCiety
of Japan.

Article 5. The annual dues of this Society is two doll ars for t.he foreign mempers of the Societ,y.
Article 6. This Society shall hold the following executives. president one pers~m, Coul1cillors severa lpersons.
Article 7. The President and Councillors shall be elected annually. The President and Counci llorssball be elected from the Society body by vote of it.s members.

Presiden t

All elections shall be ballot.

Renj iro AOKICo une-.illors Renjiro AOKI*Ryuji ENDO

Ichiro HAYASAKA

Haruyosi I-IUZqI!I:OTO*

T sunenaka IKI

Kinosuke INOUYE

Nobuyasu KANERARA

Takeo KATO

Rokuro KIMURA ·Teiichi KOBAYASRI*

Hanzo MURAKAMI

Takumi N AGAO*

Sbintaro NAK,4.M'URA

Tuneteru OINOMIKADO*

Ichizo OMURA

Yanosuke OTUKA*

I wao T ATEIWA

Kyukicbi WATANABE

Hisakatsu Y ABE*

Shinji Y AMANE*(* Executive committee)

All communicai-ions relating to this Journal should be addressed to the
PALAEONTOLOGICAL SOCIETY OF J AP AN

Geological Inst,itute, Faculty of Science, I mperial University of Tokyo, Japan