LVB440 Studio Probe
User’s Manual
Applies to software release v6.0
April 2021

Contents
Contents

3

1

Introduction
1.1 About the LVB440 Studio Probe . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
1.2 How to Use This Manual . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

4
4
4

2

SAFETY

5

3

Installation and initial setup
3.1 Prerequisite . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
3.2 Quick Installation Guide . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
3.3 Accessing the User Interface . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
3.4 Graphical User Interface . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
3.5 Configuring Ethernet settings . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

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The LVB440 Graphical User Interface

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The LVB440 expert user interface
5.0.1 Monitoring/configuration – Summary . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
5.0.2 Multicasts — Streams . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
5.1 Data . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
5.1.1 Data — Configuration . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
5.1.2 Data — OS Update . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
5.1.3 Data — Eii . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

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A Appendix: PTP and BMCA

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B Appendix: 2110 Timing model58

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1 Introduction
1.1

About the LVB440 Studio Probe
The LVB440 Studio Probe performs monitoring and analytics in real-time for high bitrate streams typicallyseen in studios. It supports RTP streams carrying SMPTE 2022-6 and 2110 streams, optionally protectedby SMPTE 2022-7.
The LVB440 Studio Probe enables operators to inspect the individual streams and to verify that they arecompliant.
The LVB440 Studio Probe comes with dual 100Gbps network ports, making it a future proof solution.
Each LVB440 Studio Probe runs an HTTP server with the client as a web browser, so there is no need to
install custom software on computers needing access to the measurement data.

1.2

How to Use This ManualThis User’s Manual is valid for software version 6.0 of the LVB440 Studio Probe.
Throughout this manual the term stream is often used rather than unicast or multicast. One stream may
consist of one or more services, and refers to one IP uni- or multicast.
Chapter 2 SAFETY lists safety precautions, and this chapter should be read prior to equipment installation.
Chapter 3 Installation and initial setup explains how to install the equipment and also how to performthe necessary initial configuration of the LVB440 Studio Probe management IP address. A step-by-step
quick installation guide is found in section 3.2.
Chapter 4 The LVB440 Graphical User Interface describes the graphical user interface (GUI) as seen
when pointing a web browser to the LVB440 Studio Probe’s IP address.
5.1.2 Data — OS Update explains how to upgrade the software on the LVB440 Studio Probe.

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2 SAFETY
Read the installation instructions before connecting the chassis unit to the power source. Do notinstall the chassis unit with power on.
The chassis or the portable unit is intended for installation in restricted access areas. A restricted
access area can be accessed only through the use of a special tool, lock and key, or other means of
security.
Blank face plates and cover panels serve three important functions: they prevent exposure to hazardous voltages and currents inside the chassis, they provide electromagnetic interference shielding
and they direct the flow of cooling air through the chassis. Do not operate the chassis unit unless
all modules, face plates, front covers and rear covers are in place.
Only trained and qualified personnel should be allowed to install, replace or service this equipment.
This equipment must be installed and maintained by service personnel as defined by AS/NZS 3260.
Incorrectly connecting this equipment to a general-purpose outlet could be hazardous.
If SFP modules are used ensure proper precautions are taken to protect eyes against harmful
infrared radiation. Do not look straight into the SFP module or fibers connected to the SFP module.
The SFP modules employed are certified in Laser Class 1.
Ultimate disposal of this product should be handled according to all national laws and regulations.
To prevent the system from overheating, do not operate it in an area that exceeds the maximum
ambient temperature of 45 degrees Celsius.
Do not work on the system or connect or disconnect cables during periods of lightning activity.

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3 Installation and initial setup
3.1

Prerequisite
To connect the appliance you need the following:• Two power cables for the redundant PSU• 1 or 2 RJ45 1 Gbps Ethernet ports for management• QSFP28 connectors for the data ports, or a QSFP cage + supported SFP module
Supported QSFP28 protocols:• 100GBASE-CR4• 100GBASE-KR4• 100GBASE-SR4• 56GBASE-R4• 50G Ethernet Consortium• 40GBASE-CR4• 40GBASE-SR4• 40GBASEL-R4• 40GBASE-ER4• 25GBASE-CR/CR-S• 25GBASE-SR• 25GBASE-LR• 25G Ethernet Consortium• 10GBASE-SR• 10GBASE-LR• 10GBASE-ER• 10GBASE-CX4• SGMII• 1000BASE-X

3.2

Quick Installation Guide

Connect one or both of the management cables. Please note that with the default configuration MGMT 1(Orange) is configured with a static IP, and MGMT 2 (Green) is configured using DHCP. If you choose to
use the static port, the pre-configured address will be 10.0.20.101/24.
The server also has an IPMI port that can be connected if wanted. It is configured to use DHCP and theusername ADMIN and the password is either written on a pull-out tab in front of the machine, or on the
IPMI-port inside the chassis. On older versions of the hardware, the password was ADMIN.
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Insert the QSFPs into the Primary (Blue) and Secondary (Red) ports, choosing a supported QSFP-typefrom the list above.
You can then connect the two power cables and power the server on.

3.3

Accessing the User Interface
Once the server has been connected to the network, you can use a browser to connect to the user interface.
Please note that, for optimum results, Chrome is recommended to manage the LVB440.
To connect to the LVB440, you will either have to have mDNS and IPv6 working (typically only on MacOS) or know the IP. If you have connected to the static management port, the default address should be
10.0.20.101. Your machine will have to be on the same network in order to reach it through that address.
If you have connected it to the DHCP management port, you will either have to get the IP from your
DHCP server, or from the printout in the console.

Depending on if the product is enabled and is properly licensed you either get the enable / license UI or
the main UI up.

If you get a HTTPS certificate warning, just accept it.
If you get a login page as seen above, the product has not yet been activated. If you do not get a login
page, go straight to section 3.4
Log in using the username root and the password elvis.

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On the Software activation screen, expand the IP-Probe menu and input both the software license, andthe software maintenance license, pressing Add license after each license. When all the licenses havebeen accepted, press the Activate button. You can now access the regular probe UI by going straight tothe IP again.
To get back into the system admin dashboard, go to http://IP/admin/.

3.4

Graphical User Interface
The default GUI should look similar to the following picture. For more information, refer to chapter 4.

3.5

Configuring Ethernet settings
The LVB440 comes with built in support for editing the network interface settings. To access the systemadmin interface, point your browser to http://IP/admin/ and log in using the default system username root
and the password elvis.
This is described in more detail in the System Administration part of the manual.

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4 The LVB440 Graphical User Interface

Navigation Menu
The navigation menu is located in the top left corner and can be made visible orhidden by clicking the navigation menu button. The navigation menu is marked
with three horizontal lines, and is accessible from any page.
The navigation menu consists of four different icons that will help you navigate to
the preferred view. The icon shaped like a tv screen leads to the Services View.
Next there is a signal symbol that takes you to the Flow View. The clock indicatesthe Status View. Note that Status view also is the landing page when you first
open the probe in a browser. The last symbol illustrates a tool box which opens
the Expert view.

Status View
Displays a generalized overview of the probe, divided into four sections:●●●●

Network Status
PTP Clocks
Video Engine Statistics
Video Streaming Statistics

Note that the page uses responsive design. If the viewport is small, some of the sections
seen in the screenshots below will not be visible.

Network Status

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Network Status shows a quick presentation of key information about each network interface
on the probe. The different sections are elaborated in the following table.
StatusIndicates if the network interface is connected.

Network interface

The name of the network interface.

Speed

Physical link speed if the network interface is connected.

Receive Bitrate

The traffic received on the interface measured per second. The bar
represents the amount of network traffic compared to the theoretical max
based on link speed.

Neighbor Name

Shows the name of the neighboring device retrieved through Link Layer
Discovery Protocol (LLDP), if available.

Neighbor Port

Displays the name of the port of the neighboring device if it is reported by
LLDP.

PTP StateShows the current state of the PTP clock on this interface, one of:● Slave – PTP clock is slaved and synchronized● Uncalibrated – PTP clock is slaved, but not synchronized● Listening – Listening for eligible PTP master clocks● Faulty – Failed to synchronize local PTP clock against master clock● Disabled – PTP synchronization on this interface has been disabledmanually in Expert View Setup. When disabled, the PTP clock will be
synchronized against the less accurate system clock internal to theprobe. The system clock might be free-running, or synchronized to
NTP servers or a PTP clock on another interface.

Time

Shows the current date and time of the PTP clock on this interface, using
your browser’s local time zone. On networks deriving PTP time from a
traceable time source like GPS, this should match your local wall clock.

For more detailed information, click the Details button to the right and a drop-down menu
will appear as shown in the screenshot below.

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In this detailed view you see information regarding the Transceiver and extended LLDP
information.
LLDP (Link Layer discovery protocol) is used by devices to advertise their identity to otherdevices connected to the same network, also called neighbors. The devices identify
themselves by periodically sending out packets to its neighbouring devices. The packets
typically contain information such as, port name, capabilities, IP management addresses
etc. The Information gathered with the help of LLDP can be useful for troubleshooting
configuration problems within the network, or locate connected devices.

PTP Clocks

This section gives an overview of all PTP clocks that announce themselves on the network.
The Precision Time Protocol (PTP) is used to precisely synchronize all clocks in a computer
network. Time is exchanged between the master and slave clocks, with intermediatetransparent- or boundary clocks which maintain the timing accuracy.
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For more information see the section about configuring PTP and BMCA in the appendix.
DomainWhich domain the clock belongs to.

Preference

Indicates in what order the BMCA would select the clock.

Grand MasterThe grandmaster identity for this clock.

Clock Identity

The identity of the clock.

Vendor

The vendor of the clocks. This is deduced using the IEEE OrganizationallyUnique Identifier (OUI) database.

Time Delta

The time delta between the timestamp in the announce messages and the
PTP clock on the interface, at the time of reception.

Time Source

The timing source for this clock.

Priority1

The Priority1 value for this clock. (BMCA 1st criteria.)

Clock Class

Indicates to which class the clock belongs to. (BMCA 2nd criteria.)

Accuracy

The announced accuracy. (BMCA 3rd criteria.)

Priority2

The Priority2 value for this clock. (BMCA 4th criteria.)

Network

Which network interface received announce messages from this clock.

Video Engine Statistics

Video engine statistics gives you an overview of active engines. The following information
relevant to Video Engine Statistics is displayed in the table below.
EngineThe video engine number.

Video Stream

Specifies the name of the active video flow.

Video Format

Specifies the video resolution, scan format and frame rate of theactive video flow.

BitrateThe bitrate of traffic going out of the video engine.

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Throughput

The throughput speed of the video engine with this current load,
measured as number of frames per second.

Delay

Maximum processing delay per video frame.

Video Streaming Statistics

Video streaming statistics point to which devices are playing the Video flow. Information
related to Video Streaming Statistics is elaborated in the following table.
AddressThe IP address of the client.

Browser

The type of browser used by the client.

OS

The operating system of the client.

BitrateQueue Len

Described in detail on the next page.

RTT
To view the client performance graphs, RTT (Round-trip Time), Transmit rate, Transmit queue
length and retransmission of packets click the Details> button to the right.

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The detailed view is divided into four sections, listed in the table below.
RTT

Round Trip Time measures the length of time it takes to transmit
data to the client and receive acknowledgement for that data fromthe client. The one-way delay (network latency from server to client)is given approximately by RTT/2.
This value tells something about latency added due to network
propagation delay and other delays. Lower values are better.
Optimal value is physical distance × speed of light × 2.

Transmit Rate

Number of bits per second transmitted to and acknowledged by theclient. This is the network bandwidth consumed by this client.

Transmit
Queue Length

Maximum length of time packets heading towards the client werequeued (held back) by the server due to network congestion
between server and client, as to avoid stressing the network. Will

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oscillate at or around zero when available bandwidth exceeds
requested bandwidth, or grow above zero otherwise.
This value tells something about latency added due to unfavourable
network conditions between server and client. Lower values are
better.
Retransmission

Number of packets retransmitted.
Values above zero indicate network problems between server andclient, possibly due to poor signal reception or network congestion.
Lower values are better.

Each flow is marked with a colour and displayed as a graph. By default all flows are turned
on. The flows can be made visible or hidden by clicking on the name of the flow, at thebottom of this view.

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Flow View
To access the flow view, click the button with the signal symbol, a list containing all
monitored flows will be displayed as shown in the screenshot below.

To easily locate a specific flow, use the search box in the top left corner.
The icons to the left illustrate the type of flow you are looking at. The video camera indicatesa video flow, the headphones Audio and the speech bubble Ancillary. Each line consists of16

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an icon, the flow name, how long the signal has persisted, the transport stream standard,
metadata (resolution, number of channels, etc) and IP-address.
At the bottom part of the page you see the total number of configured flows, flows
monitored and the composition of Video, Audio and Anc flows. To include all configured
flows click on the button Show Unmonitored in the upper right corner.
If you click on one of the flows a new window will open and display an IAT graph for thatflow, as shown below.

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Naming and configuration of flows
Each service consists of a bundle of flows. For the probe to recognize which flows belong
together, the flows need to be configured correctly.
Go to Expert View (displayed as a toolbox in the navigation menu), select the Multicast tab,then the Streams tab and add a new flow or click Edit on the preferred flow. This will open
the edit multicast view where the user can define the following parameters.

In the name section you can provide both a flow name and a class label. A class will in thiscontext be used as a label to show which network you are receiving the stream from.
Typically used labels are Primary and Secondary or Amber and Blue. The flow class is
added as a part of the flow name by separating the flow name and class with the character‘@’. In order to join more then one class of flows and create two identical parallel services,
it's important to be careful to not mix capitalization between the different class labels. The
Group Name also needs to be identical for all flows belonging to the specific group.
For example, in the screenshot above the video flow is labeled with the class name Amberand assigned to the group “Camera 3”. For the remaining flows to be configured correctly,
the flows should then be named “Camera 3 Video@Amber”, “Camera 3 Anc@Amber” andbelong to the same Group Name (“Camera 3”). To add a second class, use the flow names
and Group Name together with a new class label. A completed configuration may look likethe image below.

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If the flows are configured correctly, they should be displayed as shown below in thescreenshot of the status view.

LVB440 Studio Probe User’s Manual v6.0 © Leader Electronics Corporation

19Service viewTo access the service view, click the button displayed as a TV screen in the navigation
menu.

This view lists all configured services, the different flows associated with each service isdisplayed on the right side of the service name. To access the detailed service view, click
directly on a service from the list, or select a service from the bottom of this view. Note thesearch box in the top left corner to easily locate the preferred service.

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StatusIf you have configured and joined more than one class of flows for a service, you have theoption to view both classes, in this view named “Primary” and “Secondary”. Note that theclass names are configurable and can be named as preferred. For more information, seesection “Naming and configuration of flows”.
On the right side of the live transmitted video flow you will find the audio bars (if available).
To watch the preferred stream, use the buttons at the top left, in this view named “Primary”
and “Secondary”. The selected stream will be marked yellow. To the right, each flow is listedwith information associated with each flow. Depending on the status of the stream, thegreen “button” showing OK in this view, either shows OK or ERRORS. The media window is
showing a combined IAT / packet loss graph.

Network
The network view offers three tabs, Flow, Capture and Timing.

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Flows

The flow view is intended to provide more extensive information about each individual flow.
Click anywhere on the line to extend the window and see the current status of the selected
flow. The new window contains two IAT graphs and detailed measurements as shown in thescreenshot below.

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Capture
Used for troubleshooting by capturing packets for analysis.
To capture a packet click on the Packet capture button to the left. A drop down menu willappear as shown below.

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The selected settings in the view above are the default settings. Adjust the settings to yourpreference and press “New Capture” when the settings are correct. Please note that Rolling
Captures will continuously capture the stream until manually stopped by the user. When it isstopped, it will write out the last packets received up to the packet limit put into the Packet
Limit field, or the time limit in the Time Limit field. This feature is useful for capturing events
after-the-fact. Please note that the probe has limited space, so an arbitrarily long buffer can
not be used. The following picture shows how the view is during a rolling capture.

In the main view all captures are listed. For a detailed view, click Details >. The window will
be extended as shown in the screenshot below. To download a complete capture click

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Pcap, and open the file in wireshark or similar tool. To delete a capture, click on Edit andthen Delete on the preferred capture.

Timing
The Timing view is sectioned into three categories which all contains trend graphs. Eachcolored line in the graph represents a flow. By default all flows are turned on. The flows canbe made visible or hidden by clicking on the name of the flow, at the bottom of this view. In
the top right corner of the view there is an option to change the timeline for the graph, toeither 5 minutes or 30 seconds.
To understand the Timing view it's helpful to understand the timing model. For more
information we suggest reading the “Timing section” provided in the appendix.

Path delay and RTP Align Offset
The first two graphs, both use the packet's RTP timestamp as a reference. The Path Delay
Graph shows the time difference between the RTP timestamp and the packet's arrival time.
While the RTP Align Offset graph shows the time difference between the RTP timestamp
and the Alignment point.

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First Packet Time (FPT) and FPT Margin

The second two graphs show First Packet Time and FPT Margin. The First Packet Timegraph shows the time difference between the packet's timestamp at arrival and the
Alignment Point. While the FPT Margin graph shows the time difference between thepacket's timestamp at arrival and start of packet read.

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Virtual Receive Buffer (VRX)
This section contains three graphs. The VRX graph measures the number of packets present
during the steady state window. The next two graphs show if the Virtual receiver buffer
underflow or overflow.

Network Burstiness (C)The first graph shows average and maximum packets in real time. The maximum value ispre-defined based on the type of transmitter. The second graph shows the number ofpackets exceeding the maximum allowed value.

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Packet FlowShows IAT and timing for the Video, Audio and Anc flows in different tabs. If the flows are
configured to contain more than one class, both flows will be displayed as shown below. In
between the primary and secondary flow you can see an illustration of which stream isahead.

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VideoThe Video view shows the colour scope of the video flow, displayed in three different tabs,
Waveform, Vectorscope and Diamond.

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Waveform

In the waveform scope there are four different displays. Y Displays luminance, CbCr
displays color difference, YCbCr combines the first two and RGB shows the red, green, andblue components in the video. The buttons at the bottom of the view makes it easy to selectthe prefered data.

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Vectorscope

To change the colourimetry, use the buttons at the bottom. Changing the colour space inthis view, will change the video picture for all clients. To increase the contrast of thevectorscope, press and hold the eye icon.

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Diamond

The Diamond scope shows the interaction of RGB and helps identify RGB gamut errors indigital video signals. The blacks are in the middle of the display where the two diamonds
join. The whites are at the top of the upper diamond and bottom of the lower. Blue and red
is displayed on the right and green on the left. If the image is balanced and is showing agrayscale, most of the trace is centered and forms a vertical line.

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AudioThe audio view shows the audioflows belonging to the specific service. The audioflows are
displayed in three different sections of the view, through RMS meters, Goniometer and a
LUFS radar.

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RMS Meter

In the screenshot above shows three audio flows, to select one, click on the flow name. The
first flow (AT24) contains eight audio channels. The audio channel is set to mute by default,
to enable audio, click on the preferred channel pair. Underneath each of the paired RMS
meters there is a Microphase meter.
Gonio Meter

A signal is plotted on each axis. A left-only channel will run a line from top left to the bottom
right on the L axis, and a right only channel will make the equivalent line on the R axis. A
mono signal will form a straight line in the M axis or be slightly angled according to balance.
A stereo signal on the other hand is not symmetrical and will form a jittery cloud. If one of34

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the channels is phase inverted it will result in a horizontal line or for mono the plotted line
will reduce close to silence.
LUFS
Loudness Units Full Scale or LUFS, is an average calculation of sound over time and follows
the EBU R128 recommendation.

In the bottom right corner there are three time scales, M (Momentary), S (Short-term) and in I
(Integrated). The time scales all have different time windows. M - 400ms, S - 3sec, I - fromstart to present. All three timescales show the present average loudness.
The radar displays either Momentary, short term or integrated EBU loudness over time. In
the probe there are three optional modes Full, EBU +9 and EBU +18. All three modes
display different scales:-

Full, range from -70 to 0 LUFS.
EBU +9 range from -41 to -14 LUFSEBU -18 range from -59 to - 5 LUFS.

From the main screen it is possible to choose between three different time intervals for theradar display, 15s, 30s, and 3m. By double clicking on the radar you also have the timeintervals of 1m and 5m. In addition be able to edit the settings as shown below.

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Ancillary
The Ancillary view offers two tabs, Overview and SCTE 104.

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Overview

Displays information associated with the ancillary flow. The different sections are elaborated
in the table below.
Line

Shows the first and last line number containing this DID and SDID.

DID

The data identification.

SDID

The second data identification.

Spec

The specification, standard or recommendation that describes thetechnical structure of this DID/SDID.

Application

Reference for that DID/SDID.

Packets

The number of packets containing this DID/SDID per frame.

Words

The total User Data Words for that DID/SDID per frame.

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SCTE 104
Shows an overview of the SCTE 104 messages that are transmitted.

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System Administration
To access the admin page add “/admin” to the probe URL.
To login to cockpit for the first time use, username: root and password: elvis
For more information about accounts, see the account section.

Software Activation

At the top of the page the current software version is displayed, underneath you see theunique hardware key.
To activate your licence, your sales representative needs to receive the key to issue thesoftware license. Paste the license key in the box and press Add license. Please note that
the Probe should have come pre-installed with a license, so this is normally not needed.

SystemShows information about the health of the system. This includes CPU usage, memory usage,
disk I/O, and network traffic, as well as hardware and operating system details.

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Logs

Shows the system logs, including errors, warnings, and notices. Typically used fordebugging. The log displays the newest entries first, with options to filter at the top of the
page.

Networking

At the top part of the page two performance graphs are displayed.
FirewallNOTE, do not enable firewall without knowing how to configure the settings, you might lose
connection to the Probe!

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The firewall configuration page is accessed by clicking the ”firewall” link in the firewall
section. The page gives you options to assign zones to specific interfaces and services tobe configured to those zones.
To add a zone, click the “Add Zone” button and a popup window will appear. First choose
the trust level for your zone. A short description will be displayed together with included
services or ports that are allowed for that zone. Assign one of the available interfaces to thezone, then select allowed addresses. There are two options, to give access to the “Entire
Subnet” or specify a “Range” of IP-addresses.
To allow other services than those who are pre defined, click Add Services. A New popup
window will open in which there is an option to search/filter for a service. By selecting thecustom ports, there are options to enter the port number into the TCP and/or UDP fields.
There is also a possibility for an optional name to label the rule.
Interfaces
Lists all interfaces assigned to the system. From the main view, the Name of the interface, IP
addresses and the activity statistics for sending and receiving data is displayed.

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By clicking on one of the listed interfaces a new window will open with specific information
for that interface.

To enable or disable the interface click the switch button in the top right corner. By default
all settings are set to automatic, however there is also a possibility to manually configure the
IP related settings in this view.
Add VLAN
VLANs can be created by someone with admin access to Cockpit. Click on the Add VLAN
to access the configuration page. Select an interface from the parent list, assign a VLAN Id
and a name or use the predefined. By default a name will be filled in by concatenating theparent name together with a dot followed by the VLAN Id. For example, interface em1 with
VLAN Id 2 will result in em1.2. To complete the configuration, press Apply.
The VLAN will be added to the interface section.
Bond, Team and Bridge
Are usually not needed in a probe environment – do not attempt to configure unless deep
knowledge.

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Accounts

Lists all accounts connected to the system. To create a new account click “create new
account” or click directly on an existing account to change account settings, feks, setting a
new password.

Diagnostic report
This page is used to create diagnostic reports which can be used by your support team to
debug potential issues within the system.

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Software Updates

At the top of the page information about the number of updates and security fixes are
displayed together with when the system last checked for updates.
There is the possibility to choose between, Install all updates or to install security updates
only. We recommend that you keep the Probe up to date with all updates.
Available updates
Lists the packages that require updating. Each package is listed with name, version,
severity and details. Security fixes are usually marked with a pink color. By clicking > you
can expand the package window to see what the release contains.
Also updates the Probe software, it's important to update frequently.
Update History
Shows the time, date and the number of packages for past updates.

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Terminal

Opens an in-browser terminal with a command line session to the Cockpit system. In thisterminal, you can run commands from your signed-in user account.

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5 The LVB440 expert user interface

5.0.1

Monitoring/configuration – Summary

The intention of this page, together with the alarm list, is to provide enough information for the operator
to immediately see if there is anything seriously wrong with one or more input streams.

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At the very top, a graphic is displayed representing the front panel of the probe, indicating the status of
the different inputs.
Below this display, the following parameters are shown:
NTP/timesync(Bulb):The NTP/timesync bulb indicates whether the LVB440 clock is locked to an external
time reference signal. Green indicates that the LVB440 is locked to an external reference
whereas grey indicates that the LVB440 runs in unlocked mode.

Updated:

The time since the last time synchronization update.

Freq offset:

Indicates the measured frequency offset for the system clock.

Timezone:

The time zone as selected by the operator in the Setup — Params view.

Time:

The current local time (configured in the Setup — Params or Setup — Time view).

Clear all:Last cleared:

Counters and alarms
Click the Clear all button to reset all counters, graphs and alarms. All LVB440
measurement and alarm history is cleared. Note that it is not possible to undo thisoperation.
The time the Clear all button was last clicked. If no time is indicated the counters
have not been cleared since LVB440 startup/reboot time.

Name:

Probe
The LVB440 name as defined by the operator in the Setup — Params view.

Location:

The LVB440 location as defined by the operator in the Setup — Params view.

Access:

The access rights of the current user. Access rights are either full access or read only
access, and are defined by the operator in the Setup — Security view.

Traffic
RX data:
Monitored data:

The total bitrate of received data traffic
The total bitrate of multicasts and unicasts monitored (analyzed) by the probe

At the very bottom of the Summary page, an overview of the Ethernet network interfaces on the LVB440
are displayed.
Network interfaces
Interface:
Link:
Speed:The ID of the selected network interface.
Indicates whether the interface is connected.
Shows the current bitrate for the interface.

Description:

Provides a human-readable description of the interface, if available.

IPv4 address:
IPv6 address:

Lists the IPv4 address and netmask of the network interface, if set.
Lists the IPv6 address and netmask of the network interface, if set.

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Timestamp:

5.0.2

Indicates whether the network interface supports hardware timestamping for precise
measurements, or if kernel timestamping is used.

Multicasts — Streams

In this view the operator can define multicasts available to the probe and associate a name with each
multicast address. This name will be used by the probe when referring to the multicast. If no name has
been defined the probe will use the multicast address:port notation.
It is possible to add, delete or edit several entries simultaneously. Several entries are selected by using theregular Ctrl + click or Shift + click functionality. When adding new entries the current dialogue values
will be used as the template with the values for Name and Address incremented for each.
Note that both multicast and unicast addresses can be entered here.
The search field in the upper right corner of the view allows the user to type a text string, and the multicast
list is updated to display only streams matching the specified text.
Clicking Add new or selecting one or more multicasts and clicking Edit selected will open the Multicast— Streams — Edit pop-up view. When multicasts have been defined, clicking Join selected will join theselected multicasts and enable monitoring. The probe will only analyze joined multicasts. Clicking Join
all will join all multicasts in the list (up to the licensed maximum number of channels). Unjoining one ormore multicasts is done by selecting multicasts and clicking Unjoin selected or by clicking Unjoin all.
When the Edit button is clicked it is possible to define the following multicast parameters (note that someparameters are only relevant and selectable when the probe is equipped with the correct options):

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Name:

Group Names:

Address:Port:

GeneralA name should be assigned to each unicast/multicast. The name will be usedthroughout the LVB440 user interface when referring to this stream. It may
also be used by an external management system like the VBC Controller.
To add copy of one stream for use with 2022-7, give the two streams the same
name, but add a different class to them. The class is everything added after @in the name. The probe will know that two streams are related, if they havethe same name, only differing by the class.
A comma separated list of groups this stream belongs to. All streams with thesame group will be bundled together into a service, easily selectable in theInstrument View.
The IP address of the unicast or multicast.
The port number of the unicast or multicast.

Ethernet thresholds:

The Ethernet thresholds specify various error limits. Selectable Ethernet
thresholds templates are defined in the Multicasts — Ethernet thresh. view.

Join stream:

Check the ‘Join stream’ check box to join a multicast or unicast. Only joined
streams are analyzed. A stream may also be joined from the Multicasts —Join or Multicasts — Streams views, and the status of this check box will
be updated accordingly.

Join interface:

Select which interface to join the selected multicast. The data interface(s) arelisted, as well as any enabled VLAN interface (defined in Setup — VLANs).

Page:

For easy navigation, each stream can be assigned a specific page. The namesof the pages are defined in Setup — Pages.

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SSM source 1:

SSM
If a zero source address is specified for a multicast it will be joined without a source.
This allows both source specific multicasts and non-source specific multicasts toco-exist in the same network and be joined by the LVB440.

SSM source 2:

Additional SSM source addresses may be specified to enable back-up solutions. Notethat it is the operator’s responsibility to ensure that a multicast is only transmitted by
one SSM source at any time.

SSM source 3:
SSM source 4:
SSM source 5:

Additional SSM source address
Additional SSM source address
Additional SSM source address

Uncompressed
Stream content

50Tell the probe which kind of stream this is. If auto is selected the probe will assign
the following RTP types to the respective stream type. 96: 2110-20 (Video), 97:
2110-30/AES67 (Audio), 98-99: 2022-6 and 100: 2110-40 (Ancillary). This
heuristic is subject to change in a future software update. Once a mapping has
been made, the stream configuration is updated to ensure that working mappings
persist across software updates.
LVB440 Studio Probe User’s Manual v6.0 © Leader Electronics Corporation

Audio bit depth
Audio sample rate
Sender type
TR offset mode
TR offset value

Specifies how many bits per sample is in the audio. This field only applies to2110-30/AES67.
Specifies the sample rate for the audio. This field only applies to 2110-30/AES67.
Specifies what kind of timing model the transmitter has. This has effect for the2110-21 measurements.
Toggle between the default value, based on the signal type, and a specific value,
specified in the next field.
If TR offset mode is not set to the default, then this field will be the TR offset inuse.

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5.1

Data

5.1.1

Data — Configuration

Full and partial configuration of the LVB440 Studio Probe can be exported as XML documents. This isachieved by clicking one of the links inside the Export XML frame. A new browser window pops up
containing the selected XML document. The browser will allow the contents of the page to be saved to
file.
Restoring the LVB440 Studio Probe configuration, multicast stream list or OTT channel list is just as
simple. Just click the Browse button and select the file that contains the XML document. Then click the
Go! button and the information in the XML document will be applied. The configuration, stream list andthresholds exports can all be imported.
Configuration files generated by a probe can be imported by the LVB440. Multicast stream lists, OTT
channel lists and scheduling information can also be exported to and imported from the VB288 Objective
QoE Content Extractor.
You can also import and export license and software maintenance keys in XML format from this page.
To import documents that have been manually edited the CRC attribute at the very top of the document must
be deleted (i.e. delete crc="..." from the file). This will bypass the checksum verification mechanism.
Please refer to the document Eii External Integration Interface for detailed information about XML
import and export.
Note that the Ethernet setup parameters (IP address, netmask and gateway) and probe name and location
are not part of the XML document. Hence exporting the full configuration of one LVB440 Studio Probeand restoring it on another will make the two LVB440 Studio Probes identical except for the network
settings.

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Clicking the Debug data export option will generate a document containing debug information that may be
useful if LVB440 Studio Probe misbehavior is reported. This file should be sent along with a descriptionof the misbehavior.

5.1.2

Data — OS Update

On this page you can update the whole OS, including the probe software to the latest version. Press Checkfor updates to see what is available. To install the latest version, press Perform update and wait until
it finishes. This might take a long time (several minutes). Please do not turn off, or reboot the machine
while the update is running. It might be advisable to reboot the server after an upgrade. To do so, press
the Reboot system button.

5.1.3

Data — Eii

The External integration interface (Eii) allows inclusion of Leader equipment into 3rd party NMS
systems. In order to facilitate integration the Data — Eii view allows export of XML files containing thedata typically being requested by an NMS system via the regular Eii interface.
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Please refer to the document Eii External Integration Interface for detailed information about Eii.

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A Appendix: PTP and BMCA
There are usually five different types of clocks that are mentioned in relation to PTP.
The first three are defined as ordinary clocks and the last two are used by different
types of switches or routers.

Slave clock only

Will always act like a slave and receive
time from a master clock.

Preferred grand master

Only acts as a master. It has the ability
to get standard time, for example from a
GPS receiver.

Master clock or slave clock

This is a device that can act as a slave
or a master. It usually starts out in aslave state, but has the possibility to
become a master in case there are no
better suited masters on the network.

Transparent clock

A switch that simply adds its own
switching delay to passing PTP packets.

Boundary clock

A Switch that receives sync messages
from an upstream ptp master clock on
its slave port and synchronizes its
internal clock to it and generates a new
sync message to its master ports.

The probe always acts as a slave clock only, and it will not show other slave clocks.
The clocks shown will be clocks which present themselves as master clocks, thisincludes boundary clocks. The chosen grandmaster will at all times be marked with astar under Preferences in the PTP clock section.
In order to accommodate the PTP client and BMCA, the setup for PTP in expert viewmust be correct. The following configurable fields are available:-

Mode
Domain number (0-127)
Priority1 (0-255)
Sync Interval (-7 to -1)
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55

-

Announce Interval (-3 to +1)
Annonse Receipt Timeout (2-255)

Note that if Mode is not configured correctly, “out of mode” will appear as a warning
underneath PTP clocks. An example might be that L2 Multicast has been selected
instead of IP multicast traffic. The Domain number on the probe needs to be thesame as the clock it's going to synchronize to.
Priority1 indicates the probes own internal Priority1. Please note that this means theprobe will never synchronize to a clock with a higher value in the Priority1 field(Lower priority) than its own.
The table below shows the ‘Logarithm to the base 2’ mapping between theconfigured values, packets per second and seconds between packets.
Log2

Packets per second

Seconds between packets

-7

128

0.008

-6

64

0.016

-5

32

0.031

-4

16

0.063

-3

8

0.125

-2

4

0.250

-1

2

0.500

0

1

1.000

1

0.5

2.000

Sync interval indicates how often the probe synchronizes to the master clock. The
Announce Interval specifies how often master clocks should announce themselves,
whereas Announce Receipt Timeout specifies the number of announce intervals thatcan pass before the selected master clock is considered lost if no announce packets
received.
‘Best Master Clock Algorithm’ (BMCA) performs a selection between the available
clocks to ensure that the best suitable clock is acting as master at all times. The
algorithm compare the clocks in the following order:a) Priority 1 (0-255)
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b) Clock Classc) Clock Accuracyd) offsetScaledLogVariancee) Priority 2 (0-255)f) Clock identity
BMCA will at each step compare available clocks, only clocks with the “best” values
will be selected to continue, until BMCA is left with one clock. That clock will then be
the selected master clock. Since Priority 1 and 2 are user settable fields they canhave an impact on the BMCA selection.
For example, If only one clock is configured with the value “1” (high priority) in the
Priority 1 field and others with the value “10” (lower priority). The clock with the value“1” will be selected as the master without any further comparison in the following
steps. This means that that clock will be acting as master as long as it is online, even
if it loses sync.

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B Appendix: 2110 Timing model
To understand the Timing view it's helpful to understand the timing model. The figure
is meant to visualise SMPTE ST 2110-21 standard.

The figure above illustrates the timing model, which puts constraints on the timing of
packets on the output of the sending device. The network compatibility model (C),
Virtual receiver buffer (VRX) and packet read schedule (PRS) all ensure that thedelivery timing is overheld by shaping the transmission.
The packet read schedule specifies the interval the packets are to be drained fromthe Virtual Receiver Buffer. There are two different read schedules, the Gappedillustrated in the figure and the Linear. As opposed to the Linear which sends equally
spaced packets throughout the whole frame interval, the Gapped packet readschedule is set to model the SDI signal and thereby contains a gap between the last
packet of a frame and the first packet of the consecutive frame.
The alignment point (referred to as “N * TFRAME since epoch” in the standard). N
meaning the number of frames since Epoch and TFRAME is the time period between
succeeding frames. N*TFRAME will depend on the prevailing frame rate.

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Start of packet read (TVD in the Standard) is a given time where the packet must be
available to be read. The time is calculated by adding the values of Alignment Point
with TROFFSET.
When the first packet in the frame arrives, the RTP timestamp will be compared tothe arrival time, that time difference constitutes Path Delay. The packets can arrive
both before and after the alignment point. The RTP Align Offset graph displays thetime difference between the RTP timestamp in the packets and Alignment point. FPT(first packet time) shows the time difference between the Alignment Point and thetimestamp at the arrival time.
Since the RTP clock ticks at 90kHz, and because of that has a resolution of 11.111us
the accuracy of RTP based timing can not be higher than that. For example at 50fps
the RTP counter will tick 1800 ticks per frame ( 90kHz/50FPS = 1800).
The time interval between the packet arrival and start of packet read constitutes the
Margin. The FPT margin indicates how closely the packet arrives to the start of thepacket read, which is when the packet needs to be available at the latest.

Wide

Narrow
Resolution

Framerate

VRXFULL

CMAX (Gapped)

CMAX (Linear)

VRXFULL

CMAX

720P

50

8

4

4

720

16

720P

60

8

4

4

720

16

1080P

50

8

4

4

720

16

1080P

60

8

5

5

730

16

3840P

50

27

17

16

2433

33

3840P

60

32

21

20

2920

40

There are three different types of senders defined in the standard. Narrow,
NarrowLinear and Wide. The sender types are specified to accommodate the Packet
read schedule, VRX and The network compatibility model (C). The table above gives
an overview of VRXFULL and CMAX for some well used video streams.

The Virtual receiver Buffer (VRX) is based on the leaky bucket algorithm and will bedrained according to the Packer Read Schedule. In the Timing View, the Virtual
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receiver Buffer only measures the number of packets present during the steady statewindow, the reason being that the VRX buffers up at the beginning of a frame anddrains it down to zero at the end of the frame before the gap. The capacity of the
VRX is a preset value specified in the standard and scales according to sender type.
The sender needs to ensure that the packets enter the buffer and are ready to bedrained at Start Of Packet Read, for the VRX to neither overflow or underflow.
C, is like the Virtual Receiver Buffer based on the leaky bucket algorithm, which task
is to distribute packets evenly to avoid buffers to overflow. The graph in the timing
view shows average and maximum packets in real time. The maximum value ispre-defined based on the type of transmitter. C overflow shows the number ofpackets exceeding the maximum allowed value.

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