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᭱㏆ࡢࣂࢳ࢝ࣥ࡜ࢪ࢙ࣥࢲ࣮ㄽࡢ㛵ಀȱ࠶ࡿබᩥ᭩ࡢ⫼ᬒ࡜ศᯒȱȱࣖࢥࣈ࣭ࣛ࢖ࢳ࣮ࣕࢽȱȱᮏ✏࡛ࡣ㸪2019 ᖺࡢ᫓࡟Ⓨᕸࡉࢀࡓࣂࢳ࢝ࣥࡢබᩥ᭩ࡢ୍ࡘ࡛࠶ࡿࠗ㺀⚄ࡣேࢆ⏨࡜ዪ࡟๰㐀ࡉࢀࡓࠖᩍ⫱࡟࠾ࡅࡿࢪ࢙ࣥࢲ࣮ࡢㄢ㢟࡟㛵ࡍࡿᑐヰࡢ㐨࡟ྥ࠿ࡗ࡚࠘(“Maleȱandȱfemaleȱheȱcreatedȱthem”:ȱTowardsȱaȱpathȱofȱdialogueȱonȱ
theȱquestionȱofȱgenderȱtheoryȱinȱeducation)1ȱ ࡢศᯒ࡜ゎㄝࢆ┠ⓗ࡜ࡍࡿࠋసᡂ㸪බหࡋࡓࡢࡣ㸪඲ୡ⏺ࡢ࢝ࢺࣜࢵࢡᏛᰯࡸ⚄Ꮫᰯࢆ⤫ᣓࡋ࡚࠸ࡿ㸪ᩍⓚᗇࡢ㒊⨫ࡢ୍ࡘ࡛࠶ࡿ࢝ࢺࣜࢵࢡᩍ⫱┬㸦CongregationȱforȱCatholicȱEducation㸧࡛࠶ࡿࡀ㸪ᩍ⌮ⓗ࡞ၥ㢟ࡸ⏕࿨೔⌮ⓗ࡞ၥ㢟࡟ࡶ㛵ࢃࡿ࡜ࡣ࠸࠼㸪ᩍ⌮┬࡛ࡣ࡞ࡃ࡚ࡇࡢᩍ⫱┬ࡀࡑࡢಖドே࡛࠶ࡿࡇ࡜ࡣ⯆࿡῝࠸ࠋୡ㛫ࡸ࣓ࢹ࢕࢔࡛ࡣ㏆ᖺࢪ࢙ࣥࢲ࣮ㄽࡀ㔜せ࡞ࢸ࣮࣐࡛࠶ࡿࡀ㸪ࣂࢳ࢝ࣥࡢබᩥ᭩࡛ࡇࡇࡲ࡛┤᥋ⓗ࡟ࡑࢀ࡟ゐࢀࡓࡢࡣ࡯࡜ࢇ࡝ึࡵ࡚࡞ࡢ࡛ࡣ࡞࠸ࡔࢁ࠺࠿ࠋࡑࡢ⌮⏤࡜ࡋ࡚⪃࠼ࡽࢀࡿࡢࡣ㸪ࡲࡎ௚ࡢศ㔝࡛ࡶࡲࡔྜពࡀᚓࡽࢀࡎ㸪㠀ᖖ࡟ᩄឤ࡛ㄽࡌ࡟ࡃ࠸ၥ
㢟࡛࠶ࡿࡇ࡜㸪ࡑࢀ࠿ࡽ㸪㸦⢭⚄㸧་Ꮫࡸᚰ⌮Ꮫࡸᩍ⫱Ꮫࡢ࡝ࢀࢆࡶ㉸࠼ࡿᴟࡵ࡚㉸ศ㔝ⓗ࡛」㞧࡞ၥ㢟࡛࠶ࡿࡢࡳ࡞ࡽࡎ㸪ᨻ἞ⓗ࡞Ⰽᙬࢆᖏࡧ㸪ᐇ㝿ᨻ἞ȱȱȱȱȱȱȱȱȱȱȱȱȱȱȱȱȱȱȱȱȱȱȱȱȱȱȱȱȱȱȱȱȱȱȱȱȱȱȱȱ ȱȱȱȱȱȱȱȱȱȱȱȱȱȱȱȱȱȱȱȱȱȱȱȱȱ
1ȱ᪥ᮏㄒヂࡣ࢝ࢺࣜࢵࢡ୰ኸ༠㆟఍ࡢ࢙࢘ࣈ࣮࣌ࢪ࠿ࡽ࢔ࢡࢭࢫ࡛ࡁࡿ
㸦https://www.cbcj.catholic.jp/wpȬcontent/uploads/2020/02/20200428_29.pdf㸧ࠋ௨ୗ࡛ࡣࠕᮏᩥ᭩ࠖ࡜␎グࡍࡿࠋḢ⡿ࡢᩘࣨᅜㄒࡢࢸࢡࢫࢺࢆࣂࢳ࢝ࣥࡢබᘧ HP ࡛㜀ぴࡍ ࡿ ࡇ ࡜ ࡀ ฟ ᮶ ࡿ ࠋ http://www.vatican.va/roman_curia/congregations/ccatheduc/ȱ
documents/rc_con_ccatheduc_doc_20190202_maschioȬeȬfemmina_en.pdf㸦᭱⤊㜀ぴȱ
2021 ᖺ 1 ᭶ 26 ᪥㸧ࠋࡲࡓ㸪ᩍ⫱┬ࡢ HP ࠿ࡽ࡛ࡶ࢔ࢡࢭࢫ࡛ࡁࡿ㸦http://www.educatio.ȱ
va/content/dam/cec/Documenti/19_0997_INGLESE.pdf㸧ࠋࡇࡇ࡛ࡣ㸪୺࡟ⱥヂࢆཧ⪃࡟ࡋ࡚࠸ࡿࡀ㸪᫂ࡽ࠿࡞ㄗࡾࡸ㸦୺ㄒ࡞࡝ࡀ㸧୙᫂࡞⾲⌧ࡀ࡜ࡇࢁ࡝ࡇࢁぢࡽࢀࡿࡓࡵ㸪࠾ࡑࡽࡃཎᩥࡣูࡢゝㄒ࡛᭩࠿ࢀࡓ࡜⪃࠼ࡽࢀࡿࠋȱ

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ⓗ࡟฼⏝ࡉࢀࡀࡕ࡞ၥ㢟࡛ࡶ࠶ࡿ࡜࠸࠺ࡇ࡜࡞࡝ࡀᣲࡆࡽࢀࡿࠋ᪥ᮏ࡛ࡣ౫↛࡜ࡋ࡚ẚ㍑ⓗ⤂௓ࡉࢀࡎ㸪㆟ㄽ࡟ୖࡀࡽ࡞࠸ࢸ࣮࣐࡛࠶ࡿࡓࡵ㸪࢟ࣜࢫࢺᩍⓗ࡞どⅬ࠿ࡽ࡛࠶ࢁ࠺࡜ࡑ࠺࡛࡞࠿ࢁ࠺࡜㸪ࢪ࢙ࣥࢲ࣮࡜࠸࠺㏆௦ⓗ㸪࠶ࡿ࠸ࡣ࣏ࢫࢺࣔࢲࣥ࡞ၥ㢟ࢆᑡࡋ࡛ࡶ⤂௓ࡍࡿࡇ࡜࡟ࡇࡢㄽᩥࡢព⩏ࡀ࠶ࡿࠋ࡞࠾㸪ࡼࡾ⣽࠿࠸ᥦ᱌ࢆࡍࡿࡇ࡜ࡣᮏㄽᩥ࡟࠾࠸࡚ࡣ୙ྍ⬟࡛࠶ࡿࡓࡵ㸪௒ᚋࡢ◊✲࡟ጤࡡࡿࡇ࡜࡜ࡍࡿࠋࡶ࡜ࡶ࡜➹⪅ࡣࡇࡢᩥ᭩ࡢ⩻ヂࢆ┠ᣦࡋ࡚࠸ࡓࡀ㸪᪤࡟ห⾜ࡉࢀࡓࡢ࡛௦ࢃࡾ࡟ࢥ࣓ࣥࢺ࡜ᩥ⊩⤂௓ࢆ┠ⓗ࡜ࡋࡓ࠸ࠋȱȱȱᩥ᭩ࡢ⤂௓ȱ
ȱ᭱ึ࡟㸪ᩥ᭩඲య࡟┠ࢆྥࡅࡼ࠺ࠋⱥㄒ∧࡛ࡣ 31 ࣮࣌ࢪ࡟ࢃࡓࡾ㸪඲ 57 ᮲࠿ࡽᡂࡿࡇࡢᩥ᭩ࡣ㸪ୖグࡢ࢝ࢺࣜࢵࢡᩍ⫱┬࡟ࡼࡗ୍࡚᫖ᖺࡢ 2019 ᖺ 2 ᭶ 2
᪥࡟Ⓨᕸࡉࢀࡓࡶࡢ࡛࠶ࡿࠋᚋ࡟ゐࢀࡿࡼ࠺࡟㸪ࢪ࢙ࣥࢲ࣮ㄽࡣከ✀ከᵝ࡞ゅᗘ࠿ࡽㄽࡌࡿࡇ࡜ࡣ࡛ࡁࡿࡀ㸪ࡇࡇ࡛ྲྀࡾୖࡆࡽࢀ࡚࠸ࡿࡢࡣ᫂ࡽ࠿࡟་Ꮫⓗ࡞㸪࠶ࡿ࠸ࡣဴᏛⓗ࡞ព࿡࡛ࡢ㆟ㄽ࡛ࡣ࡞ࡃ㸪ᩍ⫱⌧ሙ࡟㛵ࢃࡿ㠀ᖖ࡟ලయⓗ࡞ၥ㢟࡞ࡢ࡛࠶ࡿࠋࢺࣛࣥࢫࢪ࢙ࣥࢲ࣮ࡢேࠎࡢᝎࡳࡀ☜࠿࡞ࡶࡢ࡛࠶ࡿࡇ࡜
ࡣྰᐃ࡛ࡁࡎ㸪௒ࡲ࡛ᥦ౪ࡉࢀ࡚ࡁࡓᵝࠎ࡞ゎỴἲࡣᚲࡎࡋࡶࡑࡢேࠎࡢᝎࡳ
ࢆ⦆࿴ࡍࡿࢃࡅ࡛ࡣ࡞࠸ࠋࡲࡓ㸪௒ࡲ࡛༑ศ࡟ព㆑ࢆࡋ࡞࠿ࡗࡓࡓࡵ࠿㸪၏୍ᙼࡽ㸪ᙼዪࡽ2ȱ ࡢኌ࡟࡞ࡽ࡞࠸ྉࡧࢆ⪺ࡁ㸪ࡑࡢ௦⾲࡟࡞ࡗ࡚࠸ࡓࡢࡣࡓࡔ㐠ື࡜ࡋ࡚ࡢ LGBT㸦࡜㏻ᖖ࿧ࡤࢀࡿࡶࡢ㸧ࡔࡗࡓࡀ㸪ࡑࡇࡶࡲࡓᚲࡎࡋࡶࢪ࢙
ࣥࢲ࣮ࡢၥ㢟࡜ࡇࡢ㐠ືࡢ࢔ࢪ࢙ࣥࢲࡀ࣮࢜ࣂ࣮ࣛࢵࣉࡋ࡚࠸ࡿࢃࡅ࡛ࡣ࡞
࠸ࠋ୍ࡘࡢࢫ࣮ࣟ࢞ࣥࡢඖ୍࡛Ẽ࡟ከࡃࡢၥ㢟3ȱ ࢆゎỴࡋࡼ࠺࡜ࡍࡿ࡜㸪ࡑࡢȱȱȱȱȱȱȱȱȱȱȱȱȱȱȱȱȱȱȱȱȱȱȱȱȱȱȱȱȱȱȱȱȱȱȱȱȱȱȱȱ ȱȱȱȱȱȱȱȱȱȱȱȱȱȱȱȱȱȱȱȱȱȱȱȱȱ
ȱࡇࡢ࿧ࡧ᪉ࡣࡲࡉࡋࡃࢪ࢙ࣥࢲ࣮ㄽࡀࡵࡄࡿ୍ࡘࡢㄽⅬ࡜࡞ࡗ࡚࠸ࡿࡔࢁ࠺㹿ࠕࡑࡢேࠎࠖ࡜᭩࠸ࡓ࡯࠺ࡀᮃࡲࡋ࠸࠿ࡶࡋࢀ࡞࠸ࠋࡓࡔゝㄒ࡟ࡼࡗ࡚ࡣࡇࡢࡼ࠺࡞ゝ࠸ᅇࡋ࡟ࡣ㝈⏺ࡀ࠶ࡿࠋࡇࡇ࡛ࡣࠕࡑࡢேࠎࠖ࡜࠸࠺ព࿡࡛౑ࡗ࡚࠸ࡿࠋȱ
3ȱࡇࡢᩥ᭩⮬యࡶ㸪11 ᮲ࡸ 13 ᮲࡛ᛶࡀ⏕≀Ꮫⓗ࡞⌧ᐇ࡛࠶ࡿ࠿࡝࠺࠿ࡔࡅ࡛ࡣ࡞ࡃ㸪✺↛ᛶⓗᣦྥ࡟ࡶゐࢀ㸪ࢺࣛࣥࢫࢪ࢙ࣥࢲ࣮ၥ㢟࡟ࡶゐࢀ㸪ࡉࡽ࡟ polyamory ࡟ࡶゐࢀࡿࠋ☜࠿࡟㸪ศࡅ࡚⪃࠼ࡽࢀ࡞࠸ၥ㢟࠿ࡶࡋࢀ࡞࠸ࡀ㸪ࢸ࣮࣐ࡣ࠶ࡃࡲ࡛ࡶᚰࡢᛶ࡜య
2

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ព⩏ࡸ㔜せᛶࢆࡼࡾᙉࡃឤࡌࡉࡏࡿࡢ࠿ࡶࡋࢀ࡞࠸ࡀ㸪⤖ᒁࡢ࡜ࡇࢁゎỴࡋ࡞࠸ࡲࡲ࡛⤊ࢃࡿၥ㢟ࡸᏳࡗࡱ࠸ゎỴἲ࡛∦௜ࡅࡿၥ㢟ࡶ࠶ࡿࠋࡋࡓࡀࡗ࡚㸪ࡇࡢᩥ᭩ࡀὀពࢆྥࡅ࡚࠸ࡿࡢࡣ㸪኱ேࡢᛶู㐺ྜᡭ⾡ࡢྍྰࡸ᭱㏆ヰ㢟࡟࡞ࡗ࡚࠸ࡿࢫ࣏࣮ࢶ㑅ᡭࡢᛶ㌿᥮ࡢၥ㢟࡛ࡣ࡞ࡃ㸪࠶ࡃࡲ࡛ࡶᡂ㛗㏵ୖ࡟࠶ࡿᏊ౪
ࡢᚰࡢᝎࡳࡢࡇ࡜ࡔࡅ࡛࠶ࡿࠋ኱ேࡢᛶ⮬ㄆࡢᝎࡳࡢၥ㢟ࡸࢪ࢙ࣥࢲ࣮ࡑࡢࡶ
ࡢࡢព࿡ࡣูࡢᶵ఍࡟ᨵࡵ࡚ホ౯ࡍࡿᚲせࡀ࠶ࡿࠋࡲࡓ㸪♫఍඲యࡢ᭷ᵝࡢᢈุ࡜࠸࠺ࡼࡾࡶ㸪࢝ࢺࣜࢵࢡᏛᰯ࡟࠾ࡅࡿ᪉㔪ࡀ௒ᅇࡢᑐ㇟࡛࠶ࡿࠋࡑ࠺࠸࠺
ព࿡࡛ࡣ㸪ࢪ࢙ࣥࢲ࣮࡛࡞ࡃ࡚ࡶᅜᐙࡀᩍ⫱ࡢලయⓗ࡞᪉ྥᛶࢆỴࡵࡿࡇ࡜ࡀ
࡛ࡁࡿ࠿㸪࡝ࡇࡲ࡛᜛ពⓗ࡟࿨ࡌࡿࡇ࡜ࡀ࡛ࡁࡿ࠿㸪࡜࠸࠺᰿ᮏⓗ࡞ၥ㢟࡟ࡘ࠸࡚ࡢ⪃ᐹ࡟ࡶ࡞ࡿࠋබ❧ࡢᏛᰯࡸ௚ࡢ✀㢮ࡢᏛᰯ࡛ࡢᛶᩍ⫱ࡢᢈุࡶࡇࢀ࠿
ࡽูࡢᩥ᭩࡟࠾࠸࡚ᢅࢃࢀࡿᚲせࡀ࠶ࡿࠋࡑࡢⅬ࡟ࡣᮏᩥ᭩ࡢ᫂☜࡞㝈⏺ࡀぢࡽࢀࡿࠋȱ௨๓㸪ྠᛶឡ⪅࡬ࡢែᗘ࡞࡝㸪ᛶࡢ೔⌮࡟㛵ࡋ࡚ᵝࠎ࡞ᣦ㔪ࡀฟࡉࢀࡓࡀ㸪᭱㏆Ḣ⡿࡛ᗈࡃ㆟ㄽࡉࢀ࡚࠸ࡿࢺࣛࣥࢫࢪ࢙ࣥࢲ࣮ࡢேࠎࡀ୺ᙇࡋ㸪ሙྜ࡟ࡼࡗ࡚┿࡟ᙉࡃᝎࡴၥ㢟࡟ࡘ࠸࡚ࡣ㸪ࡋࡤࡽࡃṇᘧ࡞Ⓨゝࡀ࡞࠿ࡗࡓࠋࡘࡲࡾ㸪⇕࠸㆟ㄽࡀ㉳ࡁ࡚࠿ࡽࡍࡄ࡛ࡣ࡞ࡃ㸪ⴠࡕ╔࠸࡚ࡌࡗࡃࡾᵝࠎ࡞ኌࢆ⪺࠸࡚࠿ࡽ㸪ࡲࡓ㸪ヨࡉࢀࡓලయⓗ࡞ฎ⌮ἲࡢ⤖ᯝࢆぢ࡚࠿ࡽ㸪༑ศ࡞᫬㛫ࢆ࡜ࡗ࡚Ⓨゝࡍࡿ࡜࠸࠺ᠱ࿨࡞཯ᛂࡔ࡜⌮ゎࡍࡿࡇ࡜ࡶ࡛ࡁࡿࠋ࡞࡟ࡋࢁ㸪་Ꮫ㸪ᚰ⌮Ꮫࡢศ㔝࡛ࡶ◊✲ᡂᯝࡣ௒࡛ࡶ㊊ࡾ࡞࠸ࡇ࡜ࡣྰࡵ࡞࠸ࠋ௚᪉࡛㸪඲ࡃࢪ࢙ࣥࢲ
࣮ㄽ࡟ࡘ࠸࡚ࡢホ౯ࡀࣂࢳ࢝ࣥഃ࡛௒ࡲ࡛Ⅽࡉࢀ࡞࠿ࡗࡓࢃࡅ࡛ࡶ࡞࠸ࠋ౛࠼
ࡤ㸪2015 ᖺ 4 ᭶ 15 ᪥ࡢㅜぢ᫬ࡢㅮヰࡢ୰࡛ᩍⓚࣇࣛࣥࢩࢫࢥࡣࡑࡢၥ㢟࡟ゐࢀ࡚࠸ࡿ㹿4ȱ ࡑࡢ࡯࠿㸪ྠᛶឡ⪅ࡀ௒ࡲ࡛ཷࡅ࡞ࡅࢀࡤ࡞ࡽ࡞࠿ࡗࡓ⶜どࡸ☜࠿ȱȱȱȱȱȱȱȱȱȱȱȱȱȱȱȱȱȱȱȱȱȱȱȱȱȱȱȱȱȱȱȱȱȱȱȱȱȱȱȱ ȱȱȱȱȱȱȱȱȱȱȱȱȱȱȱȱȱȱȱȱȱȱȱȱȱ
ࡢᛶ࡛࠶ࡿ࡞ࡽࡤ㸪ᛶⓗᣦྥࢆ⨨࠸࡚࠾ࡃ࡭ࡁ࡛࠶ࡗࡓࠋ୍㒊ࡢࢪ࢙ࣥࢲ࣮ࡢၥ㢟ࡣྠ
ᛶឡ࡜ඹ㏻ࡋ࡚࠾ࡾ㸪ఝࡓཎᅉࢆᣢࡗ࡚࠸ࡓ࡜ࡋ࡚ࡶ㸪඲࡚ࡢ✀㢮ࡣࡑࡢ㝈ࡾ࡛ࡣ࡞࠸ࠋࡲࡓ඲࡚ࡢྠᛶឡ⪅ࡣ⮬ศࡢࢪ࢙ࣥࢲ࣮࡟␲ၥࢆᢪ࠸࡚࠸ࡿࢃࡅ࡛ࡶ࡞࠸ࠋࡓࡔ㸪♫఍ⓗ࡞㐠ື࡜ࡋ࡚ࡣ☜࠿࡟ຊࢆྜࢃࡏ࡚㸪ྜྠ࡛άືࢆࡋ࡚࠸ࡿࡇ࡜ࡀ࠶ࡿࠋȱ4ȱhttps://www.cbcj.catholic.jp/2015/04/15/9187 ࢆཧ↷ࠋ᭱㏆ࡢ㸪ᐙ᪘ࢆࢸ࣮࣐࡟ࡋࡓୡ⏺
ྖᩍ఍㆟㸦ࢩࣀࢻࢫ㸧ࡶࡑࡢ᭱⤊ࢻ࣓࢟ࣗࣥࢺ࡟࠾࠸࡚ࢪ࢙ࣥࢲ࣮ㄽ㸦ཝᐦ࡟ゝ࠼ࡤ࢖ࢹ࢜ࣟࢠ࣮㸧࡜ࡑࡢᩍ⫱ࡸᐙ᪘㸪Ꮚ౪࡬ࡢᙳ㡪ࢆᙎລࡋࡓ㸦8 ᮲㸪2015 ᖺ 12 ᭶ 2 ᪥௜㸧ࠋࡇࡢࢩࣀࢻࢫࡢヰࡋྜ࠸ࢆཷࡅ࡚㸪ࡇࡢᩍⓚࡣ౑ᚐⓗ່࿌ࠗឡࡢࡼࢁࡇࡧ࠘ࢆᇳ

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࡞୙฼┈ࢆ⿕ࡗ࡚ࡁࡓࡇ࡜࡟ᑐࡋ࡚ㅰ⨥ࢆࡋ㸪㉧ࡋࢆஒ࠺ࡓࡇ࡜࡛ࡶ▱ࡽࢀ࡚࠸ࡿࡀ㸪ࡑࡢᑐ㇟⪅ࡢ୰࡟㸦᭱㏆ࡲ࡛Ꮡᅾࡀࡉ࡯࡝▱ࡽࢀࡎ㸪ὀ┠ࡉࢀ࡚ࡶ࠸
࡞࠿ࡗࡓ㸧ᛶู㐪࿴5ȱ ࡢᝈ⪅ࢆࡶ㐳ࡗ࡚ྵࡵ࡚Ⰻ࠸ࡔࢁ࠺ࠋᮏᩥ᭩࡛ࡶᩍⓚࡢⓎゝ࠿ࡽࡢᘬ⏝ࡀᅽಽⓗ࡟ከ࠸㹿6ȱ ࡇࡢᣦ㔪ࡀ┤᥋ᩍⓚࡢྡࡢୗ࡛ฟ∧ࡉࢀ࡚࠸࡞࠸࡜ࡣ࠸࠼㸪ࣂࢳ࢝ࣥࡢ㒊⨫ࡀฟࡍ᭩≀ࡣᩍⓚ࠿ࡽㄆྍࢆཷࡅࡿࡇ࡜ࡀ័
౛࡟࡞ࡗ࡚࠸ࡿ࠿ࡽ㸪ࡑࡢ⪃࠼᪉࡜ᴫࡡྜ⮴ࡋ࡚࠸ࡿࡇ࡜ࡀ᥎ᐹࡉࢀࡿࠋゝ࠺ࡲ࡛ࡶ࡞ࡃ㸪┤᥋ᩍ⌮࡜㛵ಀࡣ࡞࠸ࡢ࡛ࡑࡢᣊ᮰ຊ࡟㝈ࡾࡀ࠶ࡾ㸪୙ྍㅸ࡛࠶
ࡿ࡜࠸࠺ࡘࡶࡾࡣ࡞࠸ࠋᮏ᮶࡞ࡽ㸪ࡶࡗ࡜᝟ሗࡀ㞟ࡲࡾ㸪࠿ࡘ⤒㦂ࡀ῝ࡲࡗ࡚࠿ࡽ཯ᛂࡋ㸪౯್ุ᩿ࡋ㸪ᣦ᦬ࡍࡿࡇ࡜ࡶከ࠸ࡀ㸪࠶ࡿ⛬ᗘࡍࡄⓎゝࡋ࡞࠸࡜ᡭ㐜ࢀ࡟࡞ࡗ࡚ࡋࡲ࠺ሙྜࡶ࠶ࡿࡢ࡛㸪ఱࡽ࠿ࡢᙧ࡛཯ᛂࡏࡊࡿࢆᚓ࡞࠿ࡗࡓ
ࡔࢁ࠺ࠋ࡞ࡐ࡞ࡽ㸪ࢪ࢙ࣥࢲ࣮ㄽࡣࡓࡔಶࠎேࡀ⮬ศࡢࡓࡵ࡟Ỵࡵ㸪ᶒ฼ࢆồࡵࡿၥ㢟࡟࡜࡝ࡲࡽࡎ㸪♫఍඲యࢆኚ࠼ࡼ࠺࡜ࡋ㸪ከࡃ࡟ேࠎࢆᕳࡁ㎸ࡳ㸪ᙳ㡪ࢆ୚࠼ࡿࡼ࠺࡞஦᯶ࡔ࠿ࡽ࡛࠶ࡿࠋࡑࢀࢆ᭱ࡶᚅࡓࡎ࡟࠸ࡽࢀ࡞࠿ࡗࡓࡢࡣ㸪ࡲࡉ࡟Ꮚ౪ࡢᩍ⫱ࡢၥ㢟࡛࠶ࡿࠋȱ⥆࠸࡚㸪ᩥ᭩ࡢᵓ㐀ࡶࡲࡓ㠃ⓑ࠸ࠋᩍ⩏ⓗ࡟ᐃ⌮ࢆᥖࡆࡿࡇ࡜࠿ࡽጞࡵࡿࡢ
࡛ࡣ࡞ࡃ㸪ၥ㢟ព㆑࡜ᑐヰࢆᙉㄪࡍࡿࡇ࡜࠿ࡽධࡿࠋᗎᩥࡢᚋ࡟㸪ࡲࡎ➨ 1 㒊࡛࠶ࡿࠕ⪥ࢆഴࡅࡿ㺁㸦8Ȭ23 ᮲㸧࡜࠸࠺❶ࡀ⨨࠿ࢀ࡚࠸ࡿࠋࡑࢀ࠿ࡽ㸪ࠕ᥎ㄽࡍࡿ㺁㸦24Ȭ29 ᮲㸧ࡢ❶ࡀ⥆ࡃࠋ᭱ᚋ࡟㸪ࠕᥦ᱌ࡍࡿ㺁㸦30Ȭ59 ᮲㸧࡜࠸࠺➨ 3 㒊࡛⥾ࡵࡃࡃࡿࠋṧࡾࡢ 52Ȭ57 ᮲ࡣ⤖ㄒ࡛࠶ࡿࠋ๓㏙ࡢࡈ࡜ࡃ㸪ᩥ᭩඲యࡢᑐ㇟ࡣဴᏛⓗ࡞㆟ㄽࡸᨻ἞ᨻ⟇ࡢᢈุ࡛ࡣ࡞ࡃ㸪ࡲࡎ┤᥋ฟ఍࠸㸪ࡼࡾ኱ࡁ࡞␲ၥࢆ
ȱȱȱȱȱȱȱȱȱȱȱȱȱȱȱȱȱȱȱȱȱȱȱȱȱȱȱȱȱȱȱȱȱȱȱȱȱȱȱȱ ȱȱȱȱȱȱȱȱȱȱȱȱȱȱȱȱȱȱȱȱȱȱȱȱȱ
➹ࡍࡿ࡟⮳ࡗࡓࠋࡲࡓ㸪2016 ᖺ 10 ᭶ 2 ᪥࡟࢔ࢮࣝࣂ࢖ࢪࣕࣥ࠿ࡽࡢᖐࡾࡢ㣕⾜ᶵෆ࡛⾜ࢃࢀࡓグ⪅఍ぢࡢ࢖ࣥࢱࣅ࣮࡛ࣗࡶఝࡓࡼ࠺࡞㉁ၥࢆཷࡅ࡚㸪཯ᛂࡋ࡚࠸ࡿ㸦 http://www.vatican.va/content/francesco/en/speeches/2016/october/documents/papaȬfrancesco_20161002_georgiaȬazerbaijanȬconferenzaȬstampa.html ࢆཧ↷㸧ࠋȱ5ȱྡ⛠ࡸᐃ⩏ࡣኚࢃࡗࡓ࡜ࡣ࠸࠼㸪ᮍࡔ࡟ genderȱ dysphoria ࡜ࡋ࡚⢭⚄ⓗ⑌ᝈࡢ୍✀࡜ᩘ࠼ࡽࢀ࡚࠸ࡿࠋ୍᪉࡛㸪᫇ࡢ᥋ࡋ᪉ࡣ୙ぶษࡔࡗࡓ࡜ㄆࡵ㸪ㅰࢀࡤ㸪ࡍࡄ࡟ᩍ఍࡟࠾
࠸࡚ఱ࡛ࡶチࡉࢀࡿ࡜࠸࠺࣓ࢵࢭ࣮ࢪ࡛ࡶ࡞࠸ࠋே㛫࡜ࡋ࡚ㄡࢆࡶ ࠿ࡃཷࡅධࢀࡿ
࡭ࡁ࡛࠶ࡿࡇ࡜ࡣ㸪㐣ཤ࡟ࡣ୙༑ศ࡛࠶ࡾ㸪௒ࡸ㔜せ࡛࠶ࡿ࡜ྠ᫬࡟㸪ࢺࣛࣥࢫࢪ࢙ࣥ
ࢲ࣮ࡢேࠎࡢ⤖፧ࡸླྀ㝵࡞࡝ࡣ┦ኚࢃࡽࡎၥ㢟࡛࠶ࡾ⥆ࡅ࡚࠸ࡿࠋȱ
6ȱ68 ࡢ⬮ὀࡢ࠺ࡕ㸪19 ࡶᩍⓚࣇࣛࣥࢩࢫࢥࡢ᭩≀ࡸⓎゝ࠿ࡽࡢᘬ⏝ࡀ࠶ࡿࠋࡉࡽ࡟㸪ࡇ
ࡢ 19 ࡢ୰࡛ 10 ࡣ౑ᚐⓗ່࿌ࠗឡࡢࡼࢁࡇࡧ࠘࠿ࡽࡢᘬ⏝ࡀ༨ࡵ࡚࠸ࡿࠋȱ

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ᘬࡁ㉳ࡇࡍᩍ⫱⌧ሙ࡛࠶ࡿࠋ࡞ࡐ࡞ࡽ㸪Ⓨ㐩㏵ୖࡢⱝ⪅ࡣࡼࡾയࡘࡁࡸࡍࡃ㸪ࡼࡾᕥྑࡉࢀࡸࡍ࠸࠿ࡽ࡛࠶ࡿࠋᮏᙜࡣ኱ேࡀᝎࡳ㸪⮬⏤࡟⪃࠼ࡓᣲྃ࡟Ỵࡵࡓᛶูኚ᭦࡞࡝ࡶ኱ࡁ࡞⏕࿨೔⌮ⓗ࡞ㄢ㢟࡛࠶ࡾᨻ἞ⓗ࡞ၥ㢟࡛࠶ࡿࡅࢀ࡝
ࡶ㸪ࡇࡇ࡛ࡣࡶࡗ࡜⊃ࡃᮍᡂᖺࡢᩍ⫱㸪㣴ᡂ㸪ᣦᑟ࡟↔Ⅼࡀᙜ࡚ࡽࢀ࡚࠸ࡿࠋ
ࡑࡢࡓࡵ㸪㢖⦾࡟Ⓩሙࡍࡿᴫᛕ࡜ࡋ࡚㸦Ỵᐃⓗ࡞Ỵ᩿ࢆୗࡍࡇ࡜࡟௦ࢃࡗ࡚ᥦ
౪ࡉࢀࡿ㸧㺀ྠకࠖ࡜࠸࠺ㄒࡀぢࡽࢀࡿࠋ་Ꮫ⏺࡛ࡶᮍࡔ࡟⟅࠼ࡽࢀ࡚࠸࡞࠸Ⅼࡀከࡃ࠶ࡿࡢࡔ࠿ࡽ㸪⛉Ꮫⓗ࡞㆟ㄽࡣᑗ᮶࡟௵ࡏ㸪ࡇࡢࡼ࠺࡞▷࠸ᩥ᭩࡛ࡑࢀ
࡟ᡭࢆฟࡍ⾡ࡶ࡞࠸ࠋࡴࡋࢁ㸪ࢪ࢙ࣥࢲ࣮࡟㛵ࡍࡿ◊✲ࡀ౫↛࡜ࡋ࡚ὸ࠸࠿ࡽ
ࡇࡑ㸪ࡑࢀࢆᮍᡂᖺࡢᩍ⫱࡜࠸࠺⎔ቃ࡛㐺⏝ࡍࡿࢃࡅ࡟ࡣ࠸࠿࡞࠸ࡢ࡛࠶ࡿࠋ
Ỵࡋ࡚☜ᅛࡓࡿ⤖ᯝࡣ࡝ࡇ࡟ࡶฟ࡚࠸࡞࠸ࡋ㸪ࡲࡋ࡚ࡸ㸪ࡑࢀࢆ࠶ࡓ࠿ࡶᐇ㦂࡛࠶ࡗࡓ࠿ࡢࡼ࠺࡟Ꮚ౪ࢆᑐ㇟࡟ࡍࡿࡇ࡜ࡣከࡃࡢᠱᛕࢆᘬࡁ㉳ࡇࡍࠋ௚ࡢ་⒪⌧ሙࡢࢣ࣮ࢫ࡟࠾࠸࡚ࡶ㸪Ꮚ౪࡟≉ู࡞㓄៖ࢆࡋ㸪౛እⓗ࡟ᢅ࠺ࡇ࡜ࡀᖖ࡞
ࡢ࡛࠶ࡿࠋࡍ࡞ࢃࡕ㸪࿨ࢆ⬣࠿ࡍ≧ἣࢆ㝖ࡁ㸪ಖㆤ⪅ࡢᢎㅙࡀ⤯ᑐᚲせ࡞᮲௳࡜࡞ࡗ࡚࠾ࡾ㸪ࡑࢀࡶಖㆤ⪅ࡢᕼᮃ࡟ᛂ࠼ࡿࡢ࡛ࡣ࡞ࡃ㸪ࡑࡢᮍᡂᖺࡢᏊ౪ࡢ
ࡓࡵ࡟࡞ࡿ࡜␲ࢃࢀࡿవᆅࡢ࡞࠸་⒪⾜Ⅽࡔࡅࡀᑐ㇟࡜࡞ࡗ࡚࠸ࡿࠋே⏕ࢆᚭᗏⓗ࡟ኚ࠼࡚ࡋࡲ࠺Ỵព࡛࠶ࢀࡤ㸪ࡶࡋᏊ౪ࡢ࢖ࣥࣇ࢛࣮࣒ࢻ࣭ࢥࣥࢭࣥࢺࢆ
ᚅࡘࡇ࡜ࡀ࡛ࡁ㸪ࡲࡔኚ໬ࡀ࠶ࡿ࠿ࡶࡋࢀ࡞࠸࠿ࡽඛᘏࡤࡋ࡟࡛ࡁࡿ࡞ࡽ㸪ࡑࡢሙྜࡣ↓⌮▮⌮࡟⾜ືࡋ࡞࠸ࡢࡀཎ๎࡞ࡢ࡛࠶ࡿࠋȱȱὀពࡍ࡭ࡁ࡞ࡢࡣ㸪ከࡃࡢሙྜ࡟ࡇࡢᩥ᭩ࡣṇࡋࡃ genderȱtheory ࡜ genderȱ
ideology ࢆ⣽࠿ࡃ༊ูࡋ㸪7ȱ ≉࡟ᚋ⪅ࡢ࡯࠺ࡀ␲ၥどࡉࢀ࡚࠸ࡿ࡜࠸࠺ࡇ࡜࡛
࠶ࡿࠋಶࠎேࡢᝎࡳࡣ࢝࢘ࣥࢭ࣮ࣛࡸ㟋ⓗ࡞ᣦᑟࡸᮏேࡢࠕᛮ៖ࡢุ᩿㺁㸦prudentialȱjudgment㸧࡟௵ࡏࡿࡇ࡜ࡀฟ᮶ࡿ㒊ศࡶ࠶ࡿࡀ㸪ಶேࡢࢪ࢙ࣥࢲ
࣮ࡢᝎࡳࡀᏛၥࡢࡼ࠺࡞ࡶࡢ࡟࡞ࡗࡓࡾ㸪♫఍㐠ືࡢࡁࡗ࠿ࡅ࡟࡞ࡗࡓࡾ㸪ᨻ἞ࡸ⤒῭࡜⤡ࢇࡔࡾࡍࡿ࡜࡞ࡿ࡜㸪ᣦᑟ⪅࣭∾⪅࡜ࡋ࡚㆙ᡄࢆ࿧ࡧ࠿ࡅࡿែᗘ
ࢆྲྀࡿࡇ࡜ࡀᏳ᫆࡟᝿ീࡀࡘࡃࠋ≉࡟௒ᅇࡢᩥ᭩ࡢࡼ࠺࡟㸪ᡂேࡀ⮬⏤࡟⮬ศȱȱȱȱȱȱȱȱȱȱȱȱȱȱȱȱȱȱȱȱȱȱȱȱȱȱȱȱȱȱȱȱȱȱȱȱȱȱȱȱ ȱȱȱȱȱȱȱȱȱȱȱȱȱȱȱȱȱȱȱȱȱȱȱȱȱ
7ȱ౛࠼ࡤ㸪2 ᮲࡜ 6 ᮲ࢆཧ↷ࠋᏐᩘ࡟㝈ࡾࡀ࠶ࡿࡓࡵ㸪┤᥋ࡢᘬ⏝ࡣ๭ឡࡍࡿࡇ࡜࡜ࡍࡿࠋ
ȱ

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࡟ࡘ࠸࡚Ỵࡵࡿヰࡔࡅ࡛࠶ࢀࡤ㸪ࡓࡔᢈุⓗ࡟ࠕ⮬⏤ㄽ㺁8ȱ ࡟ࡘ࠸࡚ㄽࡌࡿࡇ࡜
࡟࡜࡝ࡲࡗࡓ࠿ࡶࡋࢀ࡞࠸ࡀ㸪᭱㏆ࡢྰࡵ࡞࠸ഴྥ࡜ࡋ࡚⮬ศࡢᛶ࡟㛵ࡍࡿ౯್ほࢆᮍᡂᖺ࡟ࡲ່࡛ࡵ㸪ᢲࡋ௜ࡅࡿ⌧㇟ࡶぢࡽࢀࡿࡢ࡛㸪㐪࠺ほⅬ࠿ࡽ㸪ࡋ࠿ࡶࡼࡾ┿๢࡟ࡇࡢၥ㢟ࢆᢅ࠺ᚲせᛶࡀ⏕ࡌ࡚ࡁࡓࡇ࡜ࡀࡇࡢᩥ᭩ࡢ⫼ᬒ࡟࠶ࡿືᶵࡔ࡜ぢཷࡅࡽࢀࡿࠋࡇࡢࡼ࠺࡞ࢣ࣮ࢫࡀከ࠸࠿ᑡ࡞࠸࠿࡟ࡼࡽࡎ㸪ಶࠎேࡢᝎࡳࢆ୍✀ࡢཎ๎࡜ࡋ㸪ࡑࢀࢆඖ࡟ᩍ⫱඲యࡢ࣏ࣜࢩ࣮ࢆኚ࠼ࡿࡇ࡜ࡣ཯
ㄽࡉࢀࡿࡇ࡜ࡀ᝿ീ࡟࠿ࡓࡃ࡞࠸ࠋࡲࡓ㸪ᛶู㐪࿴ࡣᩍ⫱࡟࠾࠸࡚ẚ㍑ⓗ࡟᪂ࡋ࠸ࢸ࣮࣐࡛ࡣ࠶ࡿࡶࡢࡢ㸪ࡑࢀ⮬య࡟࠾࠸࡚ࡲࡓၥ㢟࡛࠶ࡿࠕᛶᩍ⫱㺁9ȱ ࡜࠸࠺ࡼࡾᗈ࠸ศ㔝࡟㛵㐃ࡋ࡚࠾ࡾ㸪ࡑࡢศ㔝⮬యࡶ☜࠿࡟㏆ᖺ኱ࡁ࡞ኚ໬ࢆ㐙ࡆ࡚㸪᪤࡟ࣂࢳ࢝ࣥࡢ࠸ࡃࡘ࠿ࡢᩥ᭩ࡢᑐ㇟࡟ࡶ࡞ࡗࡓࠋȱゝ࠺ࡲ࡛ࡶ࡞࠸ࡀ㸪ࡑࡢ㢟┠ࡣ๰ୡグ 1 ❶ 27 ⠇࠿ࡽྲྀࡽࢀࡓ࡛ྃ࠶ࡾ㸪⚟㡢᭩࡟ࡶ࢖࢚ࢫ࡟ࡼࡗ࡚ᘬ⏝ࡉࢀ࡚࠸ࡿゝⴥ࡛࠶ࡿ㹿10ȱ ࢟ࣜࢫࢺᩍⓗ࡞ே㛫ㄽࡢᇶ♏࿨㢟ࡢ୍ࡘ࡜ࡋ࡚ 31 ᮲௨ୗ࡛⤂௓ࡉࢀ㸪⡆༢࡟ศᯒࡉࢀ࡚࠸ࡿࠋᩥἲⓗ࡟ȱȱȱȱȱȱȱȱȱȱȱȱȱȱȱȱȱȱȱȱȱȱȱȱȱȱȱȱȱȱȱȱȱȱȱȱȱȱȱȱ ȱȱȱȱȱȱȱȱȱȱȱȱȱȱȱȱȱȱȱȱȱȱȱȱȱ
ȱ࣏ࢫࢺࣔࢲࣥ࡞⮬⏤ᴫᛕࡣ౛࠼ࡤ 19 ᮲࡛ᢈุࡉࢀ࡚࠸ࡿࠋ᏶඲࡟⮬ᕫࢆ⮬ศ࡛ᙧᡂࡍ
ࡿ࡜࠸࠺⪃࠼࡟౫ᣐࡋ࡚࠸ࡿࡶࡢ࡛࠶ࡿࠋࡑࡢ⮬⏤ㄽ࡟ᇶ࡙ࡅࡤ㸪せồࡣ⌧ᐇࢆ⠏࠸࡚࠸ࡿࠋᮃࡳ࡟ྔࢃ࡞࠸⌧ᐇࡣᣄྰࡉࢀࡿ࡜࠸࠺ࡇ࡜ࡣࡑࡢᇶᮏⓗ࡞ཎ⌮࡛࠶ࡿࠋ୍᪉
࡛㸪⌧௦ேࡀ⮬⏤࡟ồࡵ࡚࠸ࡿ࡜ᛮ࠸㎸ࢇ࡛࠸ࡿࡇ࡜ࡢከࡃࡣᮏᙜ࡟⮬⏤࡞ࡢ࠿㸪࠶ࡿ࠸ࡣࡴࡋࢁ࣓ࢹ࢕࢔࡞࡝࡟ࡼࡗ࡚↓ព㆑ࡢ࠺ࡕ࡟ᢲࡋ௜ࡅࡽࢀ࡚࠸࡞࠸࠿㸪࡜࠸࠺ࡇ࡜࡟ࡘ࠸࡚⪃࠼ࡿᚲせࡀ࠶ࡿࠋ≉࡟ⱝ⪅ࡣ㛫㐪࠸࡞ࡃࢯ࣮ࢩࣕࣝࢿࢵࢺ࣮࣡ࢡ࡞࡝࠿
ࡽከ኱࡞ᙳ㡪ࢆཷࡅ࡚࠾ࡾ㸪௰㛫ࡸぶࡢពぢ࡜ᮇᚅ࡟ᕥྑࡉࢀࡸࡍ࠸࡛࠶ࢁ࠺ࠋࡑࢀ࡯
࡝Ỵᐃⓗ࡛࡞࠸᪥ᖖⓗ࡞஦᯶ࡣ⩦័ⓗ࡟ᢅࢃࢀࡿࡇ࡜ࡶ࡛ࡁࡿ࠿ࡶࡋࢀ࡞࠸ࡀ㸪୍⏕ࡢὶࢀࢆኚ࠼࡚ࡋࡲ࠺Ỵ᩿ࡣࡑࢀࡀ኱ࡁࡅࢀࡤ኱ࡁ࠸࡯࡝┿࡟⮬⏤࡛࠶ࡿ࠿࡝࠺࠿ࢆၥ࠺ᚲせࡀ࠶ࡿࠋ⮬⏤࡟ࡣࡲࡎ᝟ሗ࡜ࡑࢀࢆ⌮ゎࡍࡿຊࡸ⤖ᯝࢆぢ㉺ࡍຊࡀᚲ㡲᮲௳࡛࠶ࡿࠋȱ9ȱᛶᩍ⫱ࡢ᮲௳࡟ࡘ࠸࡚ࡣ 56 ᮲ࢆཧ↷ࠋ≉࡟↛ࡿ࡭ࡁᖺ㱋ࡸ᝟⥴ⓗᡂ⇍㸪ရ఩ࡢ࠶ࡿࡸ
ࡾ᪉㸪ࡲࡓࡣࣉࣛ࢖ࣂࢩ࣮ཬࡧಶࠎேࡢ౯್ほࡀၥ㢟࡜ࡋ࡚ᣦ᦬ࡉࢀ࡚࠸ࡿࠋ᭱㏆ࡢᛶᩍ⫱ࡢ᪩ᮇ໬࠾ࡼࡧ඘ᐇ໬ࡀᗈࡃ▱ࡽࢀ࡚࠸ࡿࡀ㸪ᐙᗞࡢ౯್ほ࡜ࡢ⾪✺ࡢၥ㢟ࡶࡋࡤࡋࡤ⏕ࡌ࡚࠸ࡿࠋ⾜ࡁ㐣ࡂࡓᛶᩍ⫱ࡢ஦౛ࡣ㏫࡟཯Ⓨࢆ㉳ࡇࡋ㸪ࡴࡋࢁࢪ࢙ࣥࢲ࣮ㄽ
࡬ࡢከࡃࡢேࡢ᠜␲ࢆᣍ࠸࡚࠸ࡿࡢ࡛ࡣ࡞࠿ࢁ࠺࠿ࠋȱ
10ȱ࣐ࢱ 19:4 ࢆཧ↷ࠋࡇࡢ⪷ྃࡢゎ㔘࡟㛵ࡋ࡚㸪LauraȱC.ȱPALADINO,ȱ“Sexuality,ȱconjugalityȱ
andȱprocreationȱinȱtheȱBible,”ȱSexuality,ȱGenderȱ&ȱEducation,ȱed.ȱG.ȱBrambillaȱ–ȱJ.ȱTham,ȱ
Bioethicaȱ33,ȱIFȱPress:ȱRome,ȱ2018,ȱ49Ȭ67 ࢆཧ↷㸦ࡇࡢㄽ㞟࡟࠶ࡿ௚ࡢㄽᩥࡶὀ┠࡟್ࡍࡿ㸧ࠋࡕ࡞ࡳ࡟㸪ࡇࡢ๰ୡグ࡬ࡢゝཬࡣᮏᩥ࡛ࡢ၏୍ࡢ⪷࡛ྃ࠶ࡿࠋ୙ᛮ㆟࡞ࡇ࡜࡟㸪ࣚࣁࢿ࣭ࣃ࢘ࣟ 2 ୡࡢ᭩≀࠿ࡽࡢᘬ⏝ࡣ」ᩘ࠶ࡿ࡟ࡶ࠿࠿ࢃࡽࡎ㸪ࡑࡢࢱ࢖ࢺࣝࡶ㢮ఝࡋ࡚࠸ࡿ“ManȱandȱWomanȱHeȱCreatedȱThem:ȱAȱTheologyȱofȱtheȱBody”ȱ[1986]ȱ ࡬ࡢゝཬࡶ㸪ࡑࡇ࠿ࡽࡢᘬ⏝ࡶ࡝ࡇ࡟ࡶぢᙜࡓࡽ࡞࠸ࠋȱ
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ࡶ㠃ⓑ࠸⾲⌧࡛࠶ࡾ㸪᭱ึ࡟๰ࡽࢀࡓே࡟ࡘ࠸࡚ࠕᙼ㹙㸻ࡑࡢே㹛㺁㸦༢ᩘᙧ㸧ࢆࠕ⏨࡜ዪࠖ࡜ࡋ࡚๰ࡽࢀࡓ࡜㏙࡭ࡽࢀ࡚࠸ࡿࠋࡋ࠿ࡶ㸪ࡍࡄࡑࡢḟࡢ⠇࡟࠾࠸࡚⚄ࡀ」ᩘᙧ࡛ࠕᙼࡽ㺁㸦㸻ே㛫㸧ࢆ⚃⚟ࡋ㸪᭱ึࡢ࿨௧࡜ࡋ࡚⦾Ṫࡋቑ࠼ࡿࡼ࠺࡟࿨ࡌࡓ࡜࠶ࡿ㸦๰ 5:1Ȭ2 ࡶཧ↷㸧ࠋࡑࢀࡣゝ࠺ࡲ࡛ࡶ࡞ࡃ㸪ே㛫࡜௚ࡢື≀ࢆ༊ูࡍࡿⅬ࡛ࡣ࡞ࡃ㸪ࡴࡋࢁ⏕≀Ꮫࡢᇶᮏⓗ࡞ཎ๎࡛࠶ࡿ㹿11ȱ ࡑࡢ⌮⏤࡜┠ⓗ࡜ࡉࢀ࡚࠸ࡿࡢࡣ㸪࡝ࡢே㛫ࡶ㸦⨥࡟ࡼࡿለⴠࡢ௨๓࠿ࡽ㸟㸧ᇶᮏⓗ࡟୙᏶඲࡞ࡶࡢ࡛࠶ࡾ㸪Ꮩ⊂࡞Ꮡᅾ࡛࠶ࡿ࡜࡜ࡶ࡟㸪௚⪅࡬࡜㛤࠿ࢀ࡚㸪≉࡟཯ᑐࡢᛶูࡢᏑᅾ⪅࡜῝ࡃ┦஫⿵᏶ⓗ࡛࠶ࡿࡇ࡜ࢆ᰿ᣐ࡙ࡅࡿࡇ࡜࡛࠶ࡿࠋࡑࡢᘏ
㛗⥺࡛㸪⤖፧ࡍࡿேࡢ⤖፧ࡍࡿࡇ࡜ࡢព࿡ࡶࡇࡢ⪷࡛ྃ㏙࡭ࡽࢀ࡚࠸ࡿ࡜ゝ࠼ࡿࡀ㸪⤖፧ࡋ࡞࠸㸪࠶ࡿ࠸ࡣฟ᮶࡞࠸ேࡀᢈุࡲࡓࡣᙎລࡉࢀ࡚࠸ࡿ࡜࠸࠺ࢃ
ࡅ࡛ࡣ࡞࠸ࠋྠᵝ࡟㸪᰿ᮏⓗ࡟ྠ୍ᮏ㉁࡛࠶ࡾ௚⪅࡛࠶ࡿ⏨ዪ࡟ࡘ࠸࡚㸪ࠕᵓ㐀ⓗ࡟ఱ⪅࡛࠶ࡿ࠿ࠖࡔࡅࡀࡇࡢ๰ୡグࡢࢸࢡࢫࢺ࡛ゝࢃࢀ࡚࠸ࡿࡢ࡛࠶ࡗ࡚㸪ࡑࢀࡒࢀࡀࠕ࡝ࡢࡼ࠺࡟⮬ศ࡛࠶ࡿ࡜ࡇࢁࡢࡶࡢࢆ⏕ࡁࡿ࠿ࠖ࡟ࡘ࠸࡚ࡣ඲ࡃ
ゐࢀࡽࢀ࡚࠸࡞࠸ࠋࡘࡲࡾ㸪⏨ᛶ࡜ዪᛶ࡛࠶ࡿࡇ࡜࡜㸪⏨ᛶᛶ࡜ዪᛶᛶࡢၥ㢟ࡣูಶࡢࡶࡢ࡛࠶ࡾ㸪๓⪅ࡣ๓ᥦ࡛࠶ࡿࡀᚋ⪅ࡣㄢ㢟࡞ࡢ࡛࠶ࡿࠋࡲࡓ㸪ᚋ⪅ࡣ☜࠿࡟ᩥ໬ⓗ࡞ゎ㔘ࡶ⤡ࢇ࡛࠾ࡾ㸪ಶࠎேࡢ⾲⌧ࡢከᵝᛶࡶࡑࢀ࡜㛵ಀࡋ࡚࠸ࡿࠋၥ㢟࡞ࡢࡣࡇࡢ 2 ࡘࢆ࡝ࡢࡼ࠺࡟ㄪ࿴ࡉࡏࡿ࠿࡛࠶ࡿࠋ⓶⫗࡞ࡇ࡜࡟㸪๰ୡグࡣỴࡋ࡚⏕≀Ꮫࡢᩍ⛉᭩࡛ࡣ࡞࠸࡜ࡣ࠸࠼㸪㐍໬ㄽ࡜࠺ࡲࡃㄪ࿴ࡉࡏࡽ
ࢀᚓࡿࡢࡔࡀ㸪௨ୗ࡛ぢࡿࡼ࠺࡟ࢪ࢙ࣥࢲ࣮ㄽ࡟࡜ࡗ࡚ࡣࡲࡉ࡟⏕≀Ꮫࡀ኱ࡁ࡞ጉࡆ࡛࠶ࡿࠋ⪷᭩ࡢほⅬ࡜࢟ࣜࢫࢺᩍⓗே㛫ㄽࡢほⅬ࠿ࡽぢࢀࡤ㸪⮬ศ࡛⮬⏤࡟㑅࡭࡞࠸඲࡚ࡢไ㝈ࡣᚲࡎࡋࡶ⦡ࡾࢆព࿡ࡋ࡞࠸ࡋ㸪ࡲࡋ࡚ࡸ㸪ᢚᅽࢆព࿡ࡍࡿࡢ࡛ࡶ࡞࠸ࠋ⮬ศࡀ࡝࠺࡛࠶ࡿ࠿࡜࠸࠺ᅵྎ࡜㸪࡝࠺࡞ࡗ࡚࠸ࡃ࠿࡜࠸
࠺⮬⏤࡞㑅ᢥࡢᖜࡣ୧❧࡛ࡁ㸪ࡑࡢ㛫ࡢ⥭ᙇ㛵ಀࡇࡑ኱஦࡞ࡶࡢ࡛࠶ࡿࠋࡶࡕ

ȱȱȱȱȱȱȱȱȱȱȱȱȱȱȱȱȱȱȱȱȱȱȱȱȱȱȱȱȱȱȱȱȱȱȱȱȱȱȱȱ ȱȱȱȱȱȱȱȱȱȱȱȱȱȱȱȱȱȱȱȱȱȱȱȱȱ
11ȱ༢Ⅽ⏕Ṫ࡞࡝ࡢࡼ࠺࡞⌧㇟ࡶ⮬↛⏺࡟ぢࡽࢀࡿࡢࡔࡀ㸪㐍໬ㄽⓗ࡟ಶࠎேࡢከᵝᛶ࡟ࡼࡾ᭷฼࡞ࡢࡣ␗࡞ࡿ 2 ேࡢ௚⪅࠿ࡽ⏕ࡲࢀࡿࡇ࡜ࡔ࡜ࡉࢀ࡚࠸ࡿࠋᛶูࡢ㐪࠸ࢆㄝ᫂ࡍࡿࡓࡵ࡟㐍໬ㄽⓗ⏕≀Ꮫࡔࡅ࡛ࡶ㊊ࡾࡿࡢ࡛࠶ࡿࠋࡋ࠿ࡋ㸪௒ࡸ⛉Ꮫ࡛ࡍࡽ࢖ࢹ࢜
ࣟࢠ࣮ⓗ࡞Ⰽᙬࢆᖏࡧࡿࡇ࡜ࡶከࠎ࠶ࡿࠋȱ

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ࢁࢇ㸪⏨ዪࡢ㐪࠸12ȱ ࡶ௚ࡢ࠶ࡽࡺࡿ⮬↛࡞ࡶࡢ࡜ྠࡌࡼ࠺࡟ᝏ⏝ࡍࡿࡇ࡜ࡶ࠶
ࡾᚓࡿࡀ㸪ࡔ࠿ࡽ࡜࠸ࡗ࡚ᵓ㐀ⓗ࡟ᝏ࡛࠶ࡾ㸪⬺ᵓ⠏ࡉࢀࡿࡋ࠿࡞࠸࡜ࡶ㝈ࡽ࡞࠸ࠋᡈࡿࡶࡢ࡜ࡼࡾఝ࡚㸪ᡈࡿࡶࡢ࡜ࡼࡾ༊ูࡉࢀࡿࡇ࡜ࡣᚲࡎࡋࡶᕪูࡢ
ཎᅉ࡟࡞ࡽ࡞࠸ࡋ㸪ྲྀࡾ㝖ࡃ࡭ࡁ࡞ࡢࡣࡲࡎᕪู࡛࠶ࡗ࡚┦㐪࡛ࡣ࡞࠸㹿13ȱ ȱȱȱࢪ࢙ࣥࢲ࣮ㄽࡢ⫼ᬒ࡜␎ྐȱȱ⫯ᐃⓗ࡞⌮ㄽȱȱ၏୍ࡢุ↛࡜ࡋࡓᐃ⩏ࡣ࡞ࡃ㸪౑࠺ே࡟ࡼࡗ࡚ࠕࢪ࢙ࣥࢲ࣮ࠖࡢព࿡ࡣ␗࡞
ࡿࡇ࡜ࡀᗈࡃ▱ࡽࢀ࡚࠸ࡿࠋࡑࡢࡓࡵ㸪ࡇࡢ㆟ㄽࡀᅔ㞴࡛࠶ࡿࡔࡅ࡛ࡣ࡞ࡃ㸪ࢹ࣮ࢱ࡛♧ࡉࢀࡿ᰿ᣐࡀ࡯࡜ࢇ࡝࡞ࡃ㸪࠾࠾ࡼࡑᮏேࡀ୺ᙇࡍࡿẼᣢࡕ㸪ḧồ㸪ᚰࡢၥ㢟ࡀᑐ㇟࡛࠶ࡿࡇ࡜ࡀከ࠸࡜࠸࠺ࡇ࡜ࡶࡑࢀࢆᢅ࠺ᅔ㞴ࡢཎᅉࡢ୍ࡘ࡛
࠶ࡿࠋ↓ㄽ㸪ࡇࡢࡼ࠺࡞」㞧࡞㸪ࡘ࠿ࡳ࡝ࡇࢁࡢᑡ࡞࠸㸪ࡋ࠿ࡶ㠀ᖖ࡟ᙉ࠸ឤ
᝟ࡢక࠺⪃࠼ࢆᩘẁⴠ࡛ࡲ࡜ࡵࡿࡇ࡜ࡣ฿ᗏ୙ྍ⬟࡛࠶ࡿ㹿14ȱ ȱ⏕≀Ꮫⓗ࣭་Ꮫⓗ࡞ᛶู࡜ษࡾ㞳ࡉࢀ࡚㸪ᚰ⌮ⓗ࣭♫఍ⓗ࡞ᛶ㸦ᚰࡢᛶ㸧ࡸȱȱȱȱȱȱȱȱȱȱȱȱȱȱȱȱȱȱȱȱȱȱȱȱȱȱȱȱȱȱȱȱȱȱȱȱȱȱȱȱ ȱȱȱȱȱȱȱȱȱȱȱȱȱȱȱȱȱȱȱȱȱȱȱȱȱ
ȱᮏᩥ᭩㸪22 ᮲࡟ࡼࡿ࡜⏨ዪࡢ┦㐪ࡣᐇ㝿Ꮡᅾࡍࡿࡶࡢ࡛࠶ࡿࡀ㸪ලయ౛ࡣᣲࡆࡽࢀ࡚
࠸࡞࠸ࠋ࠾ࡶࡕࡷࡢ㑅ᢥ㸪⫋ᴗ࡬ࡢዲࡳࡢᛶྥ㸪␗࡞ࡿ✀㢮ࡢ⬟ຊࡢᕪ࡞࡝ᐈほⓗ࡟ぢࡽࢀࡿ㐪࠸࡛࠶ࡿࠋ୍␒㆟ㄽࡉࢀ࡚࠸ࡿࡢࡣ⬻ࡀᛶูࡢᙳ㡪ࢆཷࡅ࡚࠸ࡿ࠿࡝࠺࠿㸪ࡘࡲࡾ⏨ᛶࡢ⬻࡜ዪᛶࡢ⬻ࡀ␗࡞ࡿ࠿࡝࠺࠿㸪࡜࠸࠺Ⅼ࡛࠶ࡿࠋ௬࡟㸪ࡓ࡜࠼ಶࠎேࡢ⬻ࡀ࡝ࡕࡽࡢᛶู࡟ࡼࡾఝ࡚࠸ࡿ࡜࠸࠺ࡇ࡜ࡶ࡞ࡃ㸪࡝ࡕࡽࡢᛶู࡜ࡼࡾ␗࡞ࡿ࡜࠸࠺
ࡇ࡜ࡶ࡞࠸ࡶࡢࡔࡗࡓ࡜ࡋ࡚ࡶ㸪ࡑࢀ࡛ࡶ㸦ࡑ࠺ࡔ࠿ࡽࡇࡑ㸽㸧࢔࢖ࢹࣥࢸ࢕ࢸ࢕ࢆู
ࡢᛶู࡟ᨵࡵయࢆኚ࠼ࡿࡇ࡜ࡣ࡛ࡁ࡞࠸ࠋȱ
13ȱ࠶ࡽࡺࡿ୙ṇ࡞ᕪูࡢᢈุ࡟㈶ᡂࡍࡿࡢࡣ౛࠼ࡤ 15 ᮲࡟࠾࠸࡚࡛࠶ࡿࠋࡓࡔࡋ㸪ࡇࡇ࡛ゝ࠺ᕪู࡜ࡣ㸪༢࡟ᚰࡀയࡘࡃ࠶ࡽࡺࡿ⤒㦂ࢆࡉࡋ࡚࠸ࡿࡢ࡛ࡣ࡞࠸ࠋ
⫙ࡢⰍ࡜ྠࡌ
ࠊࠊࠊࡼ࠺࡟㸪ே㛫ࡣࡳ࡞ᇶᮏⓗேᶒ࡟࠾࠸࡚ᖹ➼࡛࠶ࡾ㸪ᛶูࡢࡓࡵ࡟ࡶᛶ⮬ㄆࡢࡓࡵ࡟ࡶ
஘ᭀ࡟ᢅࢃࢀࡓࡾ㸪௚ࡢே࡜ྠࡌ་⒪ࡸᡭᙜ࡚ࢆཷࡅࡽࢀ࡞࠿ࡗࡓࡾ㸪ゎ㞠ࡉࢀࡓࡾࡍ
ࡿࡇ࡜ࡣ࡛ࡁ࡞࠸ࠋࡀ㸪୙‶࡟ᛮ࠺඲࡚ࡢࡇ࡜ࡀᕪู࠿ࡽ᮶࡚࠸ࡿ࡜࠸࠺ࢃࡅ࡛ࡣ࡞
࠸ࠋᭀຊࢆ᣺ࢃࢀࡿࡇ࡜࡜Ẽᣢࡕࢆയࡘࡅࡽࢀࡿࡇ࡜ࡣྠࡌ࡛࠶ࢁ࠺࠿ࠋȱ
14ȱ࠶ࡿ࠸ࡣ㸪ࡶࡋ࠿ࡋࡓࡽ⚄ࡢᏑᅾ࡜ྠᵝ࡟㸪࠶ࡲࡾ࡟ࡶ༢⣧࡞┿⌮࡛㸪」㞧࡟⪃࠼ࡼ࠺࡜ࡍࡿே㛫ࡢ⌮ᛶࡢ⥙࡟࠿࠿ࡽ࡞࠸ࡔࡅ࠿ࡶࡋࢀ࡞࠸ࠋȱ
12

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⮬ᕫ⾲⌧ࡸᢸ࠺ᙺ๭࡜ࡋ࡚⪃࠼ࡽࢀ㸪ࡲࡍࡲࡍྲྀࡾୖࡆࡽࢀጞࡵࡓࢪ࢙ࣥࢲ࣮
ࡢᴫᛕࡣ㸪࠾ࡼࡑࣇ࢙࣑ࢽࢬ࣒ࡢ➨ 2 Ἴ㸪୰࡛ࡶ S.ȱࢻ࣭࣮ࣦ࢛࣮࣎࣡ࣝ㸦1908Ȭ
1986㸧࡟ࡲ࡛㐳ࡾ㸪⊃࠸ព࿡࡛ࡣ 20 ୡ⣖ࡢ 80 ᖺ௦ࡢ J.ȱࣂࢺ࣮ࣛࡢゎ㔘࡟࣮ࣝࢶࢆᣢࡘ㹿 15 ȱ ࣇࣛࣥࢡࣇࣝࢺᏛὴࡸ⬺ᵓ⠏୺⩏࡞࡝」㞧࡞ဴᏛⓗ࡞ᅵྎࢆᣢ
ࠊࠊࠊࡕ㸪ಟ㎡Ꮫࡢᕦࡳ࡞ゝⴥ㐵࠸࡟ࡼࡗ࡚⾲ࡉࢀ࡚࠸ࡿࡀࡓࡵ㸪୍ゝ࡛ࣂࢺ࣮ࣛ࡞
࡝ࡢ⌮ㄽࢆࡲ࡜ࡵࡿࡇ࡜ࡣ⮳㞴ࡢᴗ࡛࠶ࡿࠋ⡆༢࡟ゝ࠺࡞ࡽࡤ㸪ே㛫ࡢᛶࡣື≀࡜㐪࠸㸪୍⩏ⓗ࡞ࡶࡢ࡛☜ᅛࡓࡿࡶࡢ࡛ࡣ࡞ࡃ㸪⏕≀Ꮫⓗ࡞ㅖ᮲௳࡟ࡼࡗ࡚
Ỵᐃ࡙ࡅࡽࢀᚓࡎ㸪ὶືⓗ࡛࠶ࡾ㸪ࢫ࣌ࢡࢺࣝ࡜ࡋ࡚Ꮡᅾࡋ࡚࠸ࡿࠋ኱ከᩘࡢ
ேࡢᛶูࡣฟ⏕᫬࡟་⪅࡟ࡼࡗ࡚ㄆ㆑ࡉࢀࡓୖ࡛୚࠼ࡽࢀࡿȱ (assigned)16ȱ ࡶࡢ࡛࠶ࡾ㸪࿘ࡾࡢ⎔ቃࡸ♫఍඲యࡢᮇᚅ࡟ࡼࡗ࡚ࡑࡢ࠶ࡾ᪉ࡣ୍࠿ࡽసࡾୖࡆ
ࡽࢀ࡚࠸ࡿȱ (genderȱ asȱ socialȱ construct)ࠋᚋࡢࢪ࢙ࣥࢲ࣮ㄽࡢᙉㄪࡍࡿ࡜ࡇࢁ
࡛࠶ࡿࡼ࠺࡟㸪⮬ศࡢᛶྠ୍ᛶࡣㄢ㢟࡛࠶ࡿ࡜࠸࠺ࡔࡅ࡛࡞ࡃ㸪ᶒ฼࡛࠶ࡾ㸪⮬ศࢆఱ࡜ࡋ࡚ཷࡅṆࡵ㸪⮬ㄆࡍࡿȱ (identifyȱas)ȱ ࠿ࡣ⮬ศࡢᯝ࡚ࡋ࡞࠸⮬⏤࡟ጤࡡࡽࢀࡿ㸦࡭ࡁ㸧ࡶࡢ࡛࠶ࡿࠋࡑࡢࡼ࠺࡟⪃࠼ࡽࢀࡿࢪ࢙ࣥࢲ࣮ࡣఱ࠿୍ᅇ
㝈ࡾ୚࠼ࡽࢀࡿᮏ㉁ⓗ࡞ࡶࡢ࡛ࡣ࡞ࡃ㸪ே㛫ࡀࡑࢀࢆࡲࡉ࡟ᙧ࡟ࡍࡿࡇ࡜࡟ࡼ
ࡗ࡚⮬ࡽసࡾୖࡆ࡚࠸ࡃ㸪performative ࡞ࡶࡢ࡛࠶ࡿ㹿17ȱ ࡍ࡞ࢃࡕ㸪ఏ⤫ⓗ࡟ȱȱȱȱȱȱȱȱȱȱȱȱȱȱȱȱȱȱȱȱȱȱȱȱȱȱȱȱȱȱȱȱȱȱȱȱȱȱȱȱ ȱȱȱȱȱȱȱȱȱȱȱȱȱȱȱȱȱȱȱȱȱȱȱȱȱ
ȱ࣮ࣦ࢛࣮࣎࣡ࣝࡣࠗ➨஧ࡢᛶ࠘(1949)ȱ ࡟࠾࠸࡚┤᥋ᛶูࡢ㐪࠸ࡢྰᐃࢆ┠ᣦࡋ࡚࠸ࡓ
ࢃࡅ࡛ࡶ㸪ዪᛶࡀ⏨ᛶ࡟࡞ࡿࡇ࡜ࡀ࡛ࡁࡿ࡜୺ᙇࡋ࡚࠸ࡿࢃࡅ࡛ࡶ࡞࠸ࠋᙼዪ᭣ࡃ㸪ዪᛶࡀఱ࡛࠶ࡿ࠿ࡣ♫఍ࡀỴࡵࡘࡅࡿ࡭ࡁ࡛ࡶ㸪ࡲࡋ࡚ࡸ⏨ᛶ࡜ࡢẚ㍑࡟ࡼࡗ࡚ᐃࡵࡽ
ࢀࡿ࡭ࡁ࡛ࡶ࡞ࡃ㸪࡞ࡾࡓ࠸ࡼ࠺࡞ዪᛶ࡟࡞ࡗ࡚࠸ࡃࡇ࡜ࡀዪᛶࡢㄢ㢟࡛࠶ࡿࠋࡑࡢࡓ
ࡵࡢ࠶ࡽࡺࡿጉࡆ㸦ጔ࡛࠶ࡿࡇ࡜㸪ฟ⏘ࡋ࡞ࡅࢀࡤ࡞ࡽ࡞࠸ࡇ࡜࡞࡝㸧ࡣྲྀࡾ㝖࠿ࢀ㸪࠶ࡿ࠸ࡣᅇ㑊ࡉࢀࡿࡇ࡜ࡀྍ⬟࡛࡞ࡅࢀࡤ࡞ࡽ࡞࠸ࠋ࠶ࡿ᫬࡟㸪ዪᛶࡣᐙ࡟ṧࡿ࡜࠸࠺㑅ᢥ⫥ࡍࡽ୚࠼ࡽࢀ࡚ࡣ࡞ࡽ࡞࠸㸪࡜ࡲ࡛᩿ゝࡋࡓࠋࡑࡢ௚ࡢᥦၐ⪅࡟㸪ᛶูࡀᑡ࡞ࡃ
࡜ࡶ 5 ࡘ࠶ࡿ࡜௬ᐃࡋ࡚࠸ࡿ AnneȱFAUSTOȬSTERLING ࡀ࠶ࡿࠋ࢝ࢺࣜࢵࢡഃ࡛ࡣ㸪౛࠼ࡤ㸪࢖ࢱࣜ࢔ேࡢඖࢩࢫࢱ࣮BenedettaȱSeleneȱZORZI ࡀࢪ࢙ࣥࢲ࣮ㄽ࡜ࡢጇ༠ࢆ᥈ࡗ࡚
࠸ࡿࠋȱ
16ȱᐇࢆゝ࠺࡜㸪ฟ⏕᫬࡟୚࠼ࡽࢀࡓ㸦ㄆࡵࡽࢀࡓ㸽㸧ᛶู࡜࠸࠺ sexȱassignedȱatȱbirth ࡣ௒㸪ඖࠎࡢゎ๗Ꮫⓗ࣭⏕≀Ꮫⓗ࡞ᛶู㸦biologicalȱsex㸧ࢆ⨨ࡁ࠿࠼ࡓࡶࡢ࡛࠶ࡾ㸪ඃඛࡉࢀ࡚࠸ࡿ⾲⌧࡛࠶ࡿࠋࡑࡇ࡟ࡣ㸪⮬ศࡢྠព࡞ࡋ࡟➨ 3 ⪅ࡀ຾ᡭ࡟Ỵࡵࡓ࡜࠸࠺ࢽࣗ
࢔ࣥࢫࡀ㎸ࡵࡽࢀ࡚࠸ࡿࠋࡲࡓ㸪୍ᗘ௜୚ࡉࢀࡿࡇ࡜ࡀ࡛ࡁࡿ࡞ࡽ㸪෌௜୚㸦reassign㸧ࡉࢀࡿࡇ࡜ࡶ࡛ࡁࡿ㸪࡜࠸࠺⤖ㄽ࡟ࡶ⧅ࡀࡗ࡚࠸ࡃࠋࡓࡔࡋ㸪ゝⴥࢆ⮬ศࡢ㒔ྜ࡛ᨵࡵࡿ࡜࠸࠺ࡇ࡜ࡣࡲࡉ࡟࢖ࢹ࢜ࣟࢠ࣮ࡢ≉ᚩ࡛࡞ࡅࢀࡤఱ࡛࠶ࢁ࠺࠿ࠋȱ
17 ȱࣂࢺ࣮ࣛࡢ௦⾲ⓗ࡞ᘬ⏝ࢆᣲࡆࡿ࡞ࡽࡤ㸪ḟࡢẁⴠࡀࢥࣥࣃࢡࢺ࡛ศ࠿ࡾࡸࡍ࠸࡛࠶
ࢁ࠺ࠋ“Genderȱisȱnotȱsomethingȱthatȱoneȱis,ȱitȱisȱsomethingȱoneȱdoes,ȱanȱact…ȱaȱdoingȱ
15

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140ȱ
ȱ
ࢪ࢙ࣥࢲ࣮ࡣࡔ࠸ࡓ࠸ᛶู࡜ࡢ㛵ಀ࡛⌮ゎࡉࢀ㸪ࡑࡢ㐪࠸࡛ㄝ᫂ࡉࢀࡿࡇ࡜ࡀ
ከ࠸ࠋ∦᪉ࡣ⏕ࡲࢀࡘࡁࡢ㸪୺࡟⏕≀Ꮫⓗ࡛㌟యⓗ࡞ഃ㠃ࢆ⾲ࡋ㸪ࡶ࠺∦᪉ࡣ♫఍ⓗ࣭ᩥ໬ⓗ࡞ᵓ⠏≀࡛࠶ࡾ㸪඲య࡜ࡋ࡚ࡢ⮬ศࡢ⾲⌧ࡢ௙᪉ࢆྵࡵ㸪Ỵࡋ࡚⏕Ṫჾࡢᵓ㐀ࡔࡅ࡟㑏ඖࡉࢀ࡞࠸ࠋࡑ࠺⪃࠼ࡿ࡜㸪☜࠿࡟㸪ே㛫ࡢᛶࡣዟ῝࠸ࡶࡢ࡛࠶ࡾ㸪ࡓࡃࡉࢇࡢഃ㠃ࡸᒙ࠿ࡽᡂࡗ࡚࠸ࡿ࡜࠸࠺ࡇ࡜ࡀゝ࠼ࡿࠋྠࡌ
ࡼ࠺࡟⏨ᛶ࡜ࡋ࡚⏕ࡲࢀ࡚ࡶ㸪඲ࡃྠࡌ⾜ືࢆ࡜ࡿࢃࡅ࡛ࡣ࡞࠸ࠋዪᛶ࡜ࡋ࡚
⏕ࡲࢀࡿࡔࡅ࡛࡞ࡃ㸪ዪᛶ࡟࡞ࡗ࡚࠸ࡃࡇ࡜ࡶ㔜せ࡛࠶ࡿࠋࡑࡢ㐣⛬ࡣ㞴ࡋ࠸ࡋ㸪ᅔ㞴ࡀ⏕ࡌࡿሙྜࡶ࠶ࡿࠋࡋ࠿ࡋ㸪100㸣࡟㏆࠸๭ྜ࡛ᛶู࡜ࢪ࢙ࣥࢲ࣮ࡀ
୍⮴ࡋ࡚࠸ࡿࡇ࡜ࡶゝࢃࡡࡤ࡞ࡽ࡞࠸ࠋࢪ࢙ࣥࢲ࣮ㄽࡢ୍␒ࡢ┠ⓗࡣ་Ꮫⓗ࡞ၥ㢟ࡀཎᅉ࡛࠶ࡿ㸪ᛶูࡀ୙☜࠿࡞㸪࠶ࡿ࠸ࡣᮍⓎ㐩࡞ேࡓࡕ㸦ᰁⰍయ࠶ࡿ࠸
ࡣᛶჾ࡟␗ኚࡀ࠶ࡿࢣ࣮ࢫ㸟㸧࡛ࡣ࡞ࡃ㸪㌟యࡀ඲ࡃ೺඲࡛࠶ࡗ࡚ࡶ㸪ࡑࢀࡣ⮬ศࡢᮏᙜࡢ࢔࢖ࢹࣥࢸ࢕ࢸ࢕࡛ࡣ࡞࠸࡜ឤࡌ㸪ᛮ࠸㸪୺ᙇࡍࡿே㛫ࡢࡇ࡜࡛࠶ࡿࠋࡇࡢẼᣢࡕࡸḧồࡸ୺ᙇࢆᢕᥱࡍࡿ᪉ἲࡣ࡞ࡃ㸪௚⪅ࡣࡑࢀࢆ␲࠺ࡇ࡜
ࡶ࡛ࡁ࡞࠸ࠋ࡞ࡐ࡞ࡽ㸪ࢪ࢙ࣥࢲ࣮࢔࢖ࢹࣥࢸ࢕ࢸ࢕ࡣ⏕≀Ꮫⓗ࡞ᅵྎ࡟඲ࡃ
౫ᣐࡋ࡚࠸ࡿࢃࡅ࡛ࡣ࡞ࡃ㸪ᖖ࡟ὶືⓗ࡛࠶ࡿ࠿ࡽ࡛࠶ࡿࠋே㛫ࡢᮏᛶࡣ௚ࡢ
ື≀࡜㐪࠸㸪ᰂ㌾࡛࠶ࡾ㸪ᖖ࡟ኚࢃࡾࡘࡘ࠶ࡿࠋ௚ࡢேࡢ⌮ゎࡸ኱ከᩘࡢேࡀ
࡝࠺࡛࠶ࡿ࠿ࡣ⮬ศ࡟࡜ࡗ࡚つ⠊ⓗ࡞౯್ࢆᣢࡓ࡞࠸ࠋȱฟ⏕᫬࡟ุᐃࡲࡓࡣᣦᐃࡉࢀ㸪“௜୚ࡉࢀࡓ”ᛶ㸦ู㸧࡜⮬ศࡢㄆ㆑ࡍࡿᛶࡀ
୍⮴ࡋ࡚࠸࡞࠸⌧㇟ࡣ㸪ྂࡃࡣ⢭⚄་Ꮫ࡟࠾࠸୍࡚✀ࡢ⑓⌮࡜ࡋ࡚ᢅࢃࢀ㸪ᛶྠ୍ᛶ㞀ᐖ㸦genderȱidentityȱdisorderȱ[GID]㸧࡜ศ㢮ࡉࢀ࡚࠸ࡓࡀ㸪DSMȬ5 ࡜␎グࡉࢀࡿࠗ⢭⚄⑌ᝈࡢデ᩿࣭⤫ィ࣐ࢽࣗ࢔ࣝ࠘㸦2013 ᖺ㸧࠿ࡽࡣ㸪ᛶู㐪࿴㸦dysphoria㸧࡜ᨵྡࡉࢀ㸪ᮏ㉁ⓗ࡞␗ኚ࡛ࡣ࡞ࡃ㸪㸦㛫㐪ࡗ࡚㸧୚࠼ࡽࢀࡓᛶ
ࠊࠊࠊࠊࠊࠊ
ู࡜ࡋ࡚⮬ศࢆཷࡅṆࡵࡽࢀ࡞࠸ࡇ࡜࠿ࡽ⏕ࡌࡿẼᣢࡕࡢⴱ⸨࡜ࡋ࡚ᐃ⩏ࡉࢀȱȱȱȱȱȱȱȱȱȱȱȱȱȱȱȱȱȱȱȱȱȱȱȱȱȱȱȱȱȱȱȱȱȱȱȱȱȱȱȱ ȱȱȱȱȱȱȱȱȱȱȱȱȱȱȱȱȱȱȱȱȱȱȱȱȱ
ratherȱthanȱaȱbeing.ȱ[…]ȱThereȱisȱnoȱgenderȱidentityȱbehindȱtheȱexpressionsȱofȱgender…ȱ
identityȱ isȱ performativelyȱ constitutedȱ byȱ theȱ veryȱ ‘expressions’ȱ thatȱ areȱ saidȱ toȱ beȱ itsȱresults.”ȱ ࣇ ࣝ ࡢ ᘬ ⏝ ࡟ 㛵 ࡋ ࡚ 㸪 Judithȱ BUTLER,ȱ Genderȱ Trouble:ȱ Feminismȱ andȱ theȱSubversionȱofȱIdentity,ȱRoutledge,ȱNewȱYorkȱ–ȱLondon,ȱ1999ȱ[orig.ȱ1990],ȱ33 ࢆཧ↷ࠋࡑࡢᚋ㸪௚ࡢⴭస㸪౛࠼ࡤ UndoingȱGenderȱ(2004)ȱ ࡶฟ∧ࡋ㸪⮬ศࡢ࢔࢖ࢹ࢕࢔ࢆⓎᒎࡉࡏ࡚࠸ࡿࠋȱ

149141ȱ
ȱࡿࡼ࠺࡟࡞ࡗࡓ㹿18ȱ ࡇࡢࡼ࠺࡞ࢹ࢕ࢫࣇ࢛ࣜ࢔19ȱ ࡣ௚࡟ࡶ࠶ࡾ㸪ᩘከࡃ▱ࡽࢀ࡚࠸ࡿᚰࡢᝎࡳ࡛࠶ࡾ㸪ࡇࢀ࡜࠸ࡗࡓཎᅉࡣゎ᫂ࡉࢀ࡚࠸࡞࠸ࠋ⮬ศࡢయࡢ୍
ࠊࠊࠊ㒊ศࡸ୍ഃ㠃ࡀཷࡅධࢀࡽࢀࡎ㸪ࡦ࡝ࡃⱞࡋࢇ࡛࠸ࡿேࡢ⮬ᕫ⫯ᐃឤࢆᙉࡵࡿ
ࡓࡵ㸪ᮏ᮶࡞ࡽ⢭⚄ⓗⱞ③ࡢ⦆࿴ࢆ┠ᣦࡋ㸪⢭⚄ศᯒ࡞࡝἞⒪㸦ࡢヨࡳ㸧ࡀⅭࡉࢀ࡚࠸ࡓࠋ࡜ࡇࢁࡀ㸪௒ࡸࡑࡢⴱ⸨ࢆ࿴ࡽࡆࡓࡾ㸪㸦య࡟ྜࢃࡏࡿ࡭ࡃ㸧Ẽᣢࡕࢆኚ࠼ࡓࡾࡍࡿࡓࡵࡢ἞⒪ࡣ୙せ࡜⪃࠼ࡽࢀ㸪୙ྍ⬟࡟࡞ࡗࡓࡔࡅ࡛ࡣ࡞
ࡃ㸪ᐇ㉁㸪ồࡵ࡚࠸ࡿே࡟ᑐࡋ࡚ࡶ᪋ࡋ࡚ࡣ࠸ࡅ࡞࠸࡜࠸࠺ഴྥࡀぢࡽࢀࡿࠋ୍ぢࡍࢀࡤయ࡜ࡣ↓㛵ಀ࡛࠶ࡿࡀ㸪✲ᴟࡢሙྜ㸪᭱⤊ⓗ࡟యࢆࡇࡢ⮬ศ࡛㑅ࢇࡔ࢔࢖ࢹࣥࢸ࢕ࢸ࢕࡟ྜࢃࡏࡿࡇ࡜ࡲ࡛ồࡵࡿேࡶ࠸ࡿࠋᢏ⾡ⓗ࡟ࡼࡾ⡆༢࡞⏨ᛶ࠿ࡽዪᛶ࡬㸦MtF㸧㸪୪ࡧ࡟ዪᛶ࠿ࡽ⏨ᛶ࡬㸦FtM㸧ࡢ♫఍ⓗ࡞㌿᥮࠶ࡿ࠸ࡣࡑࢀ࡟⥆ࡃᛶู㐺ྜᡭ⾡࡜࠸࠺ฎ⨨ࢆồࡵࡿேࠎࢆࢺࣛࣥࢫࢭࢡࢩࣕࣝ࡜࿧
ࡪࡇ࡜ࡣṇ☜࡛࠶ࢁ࠺ࡀ㸪ࢪ࢙ࣥࢲ࣮ㄽ⪅ࡢከࡃࡣᛶูࡢ஧ᙧែㄽࡑࡢࡶࡢࢆ
ྰࡴ࠿ࡽ㸪ᐇ㝿ࡢᛶูࢆኚ࠼ࡿࡇ࡜࡞ࡃ㸪ἲⓗ࡟ูࡢ㸦෌ࡧᛶู࡜ྠ⩏ㄒ࡟࡞ࡗ࡚ࡃࡿ㸟㸧ࢪ࢙ࣥࢲ࣮࡜ࡋ࡚ㄆࡵࡿࠋࡇࡢࡼ࠺࡞ேࠎࢆࡶࡗ࡜ᗈࡃࢺࣛࣥࢫ
ࢪ࢙ࣥࢲ࣮࡜࿧࡭ࡿࠋࢪ࢙ࣥࢲ࣮ࡢᝎࡳࢆ୍ࡘࡢ⌧㇟࡟ࡲ࡜ࡵࡿࡇ࡜ࡣᯝࡓࡋ
ȱȱȱȱȱȱȱȱȱȱȱȱȱȱȱȱȱȱȱȱȱȱȱȱȱȱȱȱȱȱȱȱȱȱȱȱȱȱȱȱ ȱȱȱȱȱȱȱȱȱȱȱȱȱȱȱȱȱȱȱȱȱȱȱȱȱ
ȱࡇࡢ⡿ᅜ⢭⚄⛉་༠఍ࡀฟࡋ࡚࠸ࡿᡭᘬࡁ࡜㐪࠸㸪ୡ⏺ಖ೺ᶵ㛵࡟⏤᮶ࡍࡿ⑓Ẽࢆศ㢮ࡍࡿ࣐ࢽࣗ࢔࡛ࣝࡣ㸪௒ࡶ࡞࠾⑓Ẽ࡜ࡋ࡚ᩘ࠼ࡽࢀ࡚࠸ࡿࠋࡍ࡞ࢃࡕ㸪ࠗ⑌⑓ཬࡧ㛵㐃ಖ೺ၥ㢟ࡢᅜ㝿⤫ィศ㢮࠘␎ࡋ࡚ ICDȱ(InternationalȱClassificationȱofȱDiseases)ȱ ࡢ௒ࡲ࡛ࡢ∧࡛ࡣࢺࣛࣥࢫࢭࢡࢩࣗ࢔ࣜࢬ࣒ࡣ F64.0 ࡜ F64.2 ࡟࠾࠸࡚ᛶ⮬ㄆࡢ⑌⑓࡜ࡋ࡚ศ
㢮ࡉࢀ࡚࠸ࡿࠋࡓࡔࡋ㸪ࡲࡔ᭷ຠ࡛ࡣ࡞࠸➨ 11 ∧࠿ࡽࡣࡇࡢྡ⛠ࡶศ㢮ࡶኚࢃࡿࡇ࡜
࡟࡞ࡗࡓࠋ௒ᗘࡣ Disordersȱofȱadultȱpersonalityȱandȱbehaviour ࡢୗ࡟࢝ࢸࢦࣛ࢖ࢬࡉ
ࢀ࡚࠸ࡓ Genderȱ identityȱ disorders㸦୺࡟ transsexualism㸧ࡢ୍ࡘ࡜ࡋ࡚࡛ࡣ࡞ࡃ㸪
HA60 ࡜ HA61 ࡛࠶ࡿ genderȱ incongruence㹙୙ㄪ࿴㹛࡜ࡋ࡚ Conditionsȱ relatedȱ toȱ
sexualȱ health ࡢୗ࡛ᢅࢃࢀ࡚࠸ࡿࡢ࡛࠶ࡿࠋ࡝ࡕࡽࡢሙྜࡶ㸪኱ேࡢ≧ែ࡜Ꮚ౪ࡢࡑ
ࢀࡣ༊ูࡉࢀ࡚࠸ࡿࠋ࡜ࡇࢁ࡛㸪ࡑࡢࡼ࠺࡞≧ែࡣᑡ࡞ࡃ࡜ࡶ 2 ᖺ⥅⥆ࡋ࡞ࡅࢀࡤ࡞ࡽ
࡞࠸࡜࠸࠺᮲௳㸪ࡑࢀ࠿ࡽᛮ᫓ᮇ௨๓࡟ࡇࡢデ᩿ࢆฟࡍࡇ࡜ࡣ࡛ࡁ࡞࠸࡜࠸࠺つᐃࡣṧࡗ࡚࠸ࡿࠋࡑࢀࡣ࠸ࡘࡲ࡛ࡑ࠺ࡔࢁ࠺࠿ࠋȱ
19ȱኚㄪ࣭㐪࿴ឤࢆព࿡ࡍࡿࡇ࡜ࡢゝⴥࡣ㸪Ḽ႐ࡸᖾ⚟ឤ㸦euphoria㸧ࡢ཯ᑐㄒ࡛࠶ࡿࠋᛶ
ู㐪࿴௨እ࡟㸪౛࠼ࡤ㌟య㓶ᙧ㞀ᐖࡸ㌟య᏶඲ྠ୍ᛶ㞀ᐖࡀ࠶ࡾ㸪⚄⤒ᛶ↓㣗ḧ⑕ࡶࡑࢀ࡜ఝࡓ౛࡜ࡋ࡚㢖⦾࡟ᣲࡆࡽࢀ࡚࠸ࡿࠋ⡆༢࡟ゝ࠼ࡤ㸪඲ࡃ⑭ࡏ࡚࠸ࡿேࡀᮏᙜࡣኴ
ࡗ࡚࠸ࡿ࡜☜ಙࡍࡿ࡜࠿㸪እほࡣࡸࡸᬑ㏻ࡢேࡀᮏᙜࡣ࡜࡚ࡶ୙⣽ᕤ࡛࠶ࡿ࡜ಙࡌ࡚
࠸ࡿ࡜࠿㸪ࡦ࡝࠸ሙྜ࡟ࡣ⮬ศࡢయࡢ୍㒊ࡣ⮬ศࡢࡶࡢ࡛ࡣ࡞࠸࡜ࡑࡢேࡣឤࡌࡿࡇ
࡜ࢆព࿡ࡋ࡚࠸ࡿࠋࡇࢀࡽࡢሙྜ࡟ࡣ᫂ࡽ࠿࡟ᐈほⓗ࡞య࡟ࡣၥ㢟ࡣ࡞࠸ࡋ㸪⥭ᙇࢆ࿴ࡽࡆࡿ࡭ࡃ㌟యࢆയࡘࡅࡿࡢ࡛ࡣ࡞ࡃ㸪⢭⚄⒪ἲࢆࡍࡿࡇ࡜ࡀᬑ㏻࡛࠶ࡿࠋȱ
18

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࡚ṇࡋ࠸࠿࡝࠺࠿ࡣู࡜ࡋ࡚㸪ࡓࡧࡓࡧࠕ㛫㐪ࡗࡓ㌟య࡟⏕ࡲࢀ࡚ࡁࡓ㺁ࠕ␗ᛶࡢ⬻ࢆᣢࡗ࡚࠸ࡿࠖ࡜࠸࠺୍ゝ࡛⾲ࡉࢀ࡚࠸ࡿࠋᖺ㱋ࡶᵝࠎ࡛㸪᪩࠸ேࡣᗂඣ
ࡢ᫬㸪㐜࠸ேࡣ✺↛୰ᖺ࡟࡞ࡗ࡚࠿ࡽ⮬ศࡢ᪂ࡋ࠸࢔࢖ࢹࣥࢸ࢕ࢸ࢕࡟Ẽ࡙ࡁ㸪࠶ࡿ࠸ࡣࡑࢀࢆཷࡅධࢀ㸪࣑࢝ࣥࢢ࢔࢘ࢺࢆࡍࡿ࡟⮳ࡿࠋࢱ࢖ࣉ࡟ࡼࡗ࡚ࡣ㸪⏕≀Ꮫⓗ࡞⏨ᛶ࡟ࡼࡃ࠶ࡾࡀࡕ࡞ࡢ࠿㸪ዪᛶ࡟ࡼࡃ࠶ࡾࡀࡕ࡞ࡢ࠿ࡀኚࢃࡗ࡚
ࡃࡿࠋࡓࡔࡋ㸪඲࡚⮬ศࡢᛶู࡜ࡑࢀ࡟௜ࡁ⧳࠺♫఍ⓗ࡞ᮇᚅ࡟ἢ࠼࡞࠸ேࡣ
ࡳ࡞ᛶู㐪࿴࡛࠶ࡿ㸪࠶ࡿ࠸ࡣࡑࢀ࡟࡞ࡿ㸪ࡑࡋ࡚ఱ࠿ࡋ࡞࠸࡜἞ࡽ࡞࠸࡜ࡶ
㝈ࡽ࡞࠸㸪࡜࠸࠺ࡇ࡜ࡶゝࡗ࡚࠾࠿࡞ࡅࢀࡤ࡞ࡽ࡞࠸ࠋȱȱ࡜ࡇࢁ࡛㸪2 ࡘࡢᛶู࡜㐪ࡗ࡚ࢪ࢙ࣥࢲ࣮ࡢᩘࡣᇶᮏⓗ࡟ᐃࡵࡽࢀ࡚࠸࡞࠸
ࡓࡵ㸪ࢯ࣮ࢩࣕࣝࢿࢵࢺ࣮࣡ࢡ࡞࡝࡟࠾࠸࡚ࡣ 70 ௨ୖࡢ㑅ᢥ⫥ࢆ୚࠼ࡽࢀࡿ
ࢣ࣮ࢫࡶ࠶ࡾ㸪ࡑࢀ࡛ࡶ㊊ࡾ࡞ࡅࢀࡤ⮬ศ࡛࢝ࢫࢱ࣐࢖ࢬࡍࡿᶵ⬟ࡶࡘ࠸࡚࠸
ࡿࠋ≉ᐃࡢ➨ 3 ࡢᛶࡸ୰ᛶ࡜࠸࠺ࡶࡢࡣᐈほⓗ࡟Ꮡᅾࡋ࡞࠸ࡋ㸪ࡲࡓࠕࡑࡢ௚ࠖ
࡟ྵࡲࢀࡓࡃ࡞࠸ࡓࡵ࠿㸪᪂ࡋ࠸ྡ๓ࢆసࡾ㸪⮬ศࢆ⾲⌧ࡋࡼ࠺࡜ࡍࡿேࡀ࠸
ࡿ㹿20ȱ ぢࡓ┠࡛ᛶูࢆỴࡵࡽࢀ㸪ࡑࢀ࡟ἢ࠺♫఍ⓗ࡞ᮇᚅࢆᢲࡋ௜ࡅࡽࢀ㸪ࡲࡓࡣ࡝ࡕࡽ࠿ࡢᛶู࡛࡞ࡅࢀࡤ࡞ࡽ࡞࠸࡜ゝࢃࢀࡿࡇ࡜ࡣᐙ∗㛗ไᗘⓗ࡞ྡṧ࡜ࡋ࡚ᢚᅽⓗ࡞ᡭẁࡔ࡜ゎ㔘ࡉࢀࡿࠋࡑ࠺ࡍࡿࡇ࡜࡟ࡼࡗ࡚㸪ఏ⤫ⓗ࡞ே✀㸦race㸧࡜♫఍㝵⣭㸦class㸧࡟ຍ࠼࡚㸪ᛶูࡶᕪูࡢཎᅉ࡜ࡋ࡚␲ࢃࢀ㸪ࡑࡢ㐪࠸ࢆ஌ࡾ㉺࠼ࡿࡇ࡜࡟ࡼࡗ࡚ேࠎࡢᖹ➼໬ࢆᅗࡗ࡚࠸ࡿࠋࢪ࢙ࣥࢲ࣮ㄽ࡟ࡼࢀࡤ㸪ே✀࡜ྠᵝ࡟㸪ᛶูࡣ௜ᖏⓗ࡞㐪࠸࡟㐣ࡂࡎ㸪ே㛫࡜ࡋ࡚ࡢᮏ㉁ⓗ࡞౯್ࡢᕪ␗
ࡣ࡞ࡃ㸪ࡋ࠿ࡶ㸪⮬ศࡢ㑅ᢥ࡟ࡼࡽ࡞࠸ᇶ‽ࡔ࠿ࡽ㸪ࡑࢀࢆ㐣኱ホ౯ࡋ࡚ࡣ࠸
ࡅ࡞࠸ࠋࡑࡢᛶูࡣ௒ࡸࢪ࢙ࣥࢲ࣮࡜࠸࠺ᴫᛕ࡟ࡼࡗ࡚⨨ࡁ᥮ࢃࢁ࠺࡜ࡋ࡚࠸
ȱȱȱȱȱȱȱȱȱȱȱȱȱȱȱȱȱȱȱȱȱȱȱȱȱȱȱȱȱȱȱȱȱȱȱȱȱȱȱȱ ȱȱȱȱȱȱȱȱȱȱȱȱȱȱȱȱȱȱȱȱȱȱȱȱȱ
20ȱ ࡑ ࡢ ౛ ࡜ ࡋ ࡚ ḟ ࡢ ࡶ ࡢ ࢆ ᣲ ࡆ ࡼ ࠺ ࠋ ᮏ ᮶ ࡢ cisȬgender ࡟ ຍ ࠼ ࡚ 㸪 transgender,ȱ
pangender,ȱagender,ȱdemiȬboy,ȱandrogyne,ȱgenderȱfluid,ȱgenderȱnonȬbinary,ȱqueer,ȱetc.ȱ
ࡋࡓࡀࡗ࡚㸪⮬ㄆࡋ࡚࠸࡞࠸ᛶู࡜㐃᝿ࡉࢀ㸪ࢪ࢙ࣥࢲ࣮ࢆỴࡵࡘࡅࡽࢀࡿࡇ࡜ࡀⱞ③ࡢ୺ࡓࡿཎᅉ࡜࡞ࡗ࡚࠸ࡿࠋࡇࡇ࡛ࡣࡲࡓゝㄒࡀၥ㢟࡜࡞ࡾ㸪ゝⴥ㐵࠸ࢆኚ࠼ࡼ࠺࡜ࡍࡿഴྥࡀぢࡽࢀࡿࠋᚑ᮶ࡢ⏨ዪࡢ௦ྡモ࡟ຍ࠼࡚㸪ࢺࣛࣥࢫࢪ࢙ࣥࢲ࣮ࡢேࡣᩘከࡃࡢ
⮬ศ࡟┦ᛂࡋ࠸௦ྡモࢆ౑࠾࠺࡜ࡋ㸪࿘ࡾ࡟౑ࢃࡏࡼ࠺࡜ࡋ࡚࠸ࡿ㸦ⱥㄒࡢ౛㸸xe/xem,ȱ
ze/zir,ȱze/hir,ȱsie/sier,ȱfae/faem,ȱey/em,ȱ[༢ᩘᙧ࡜ࡋ࡚ࡢ]ȱthey/them…)ࠋࡘࡲࡾㄡࡀ⮬ศࢆ࡝࠺ㄆ㆑ࡋ࡚࠸ࡿ࠿ࡣぢࡓ┠ࡔࡅ࡛ࡣ᥎ᐃ࡛ࡁ࡞࠸ࡢ࡛࠶ࡿࠋȱ

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ࡿࠋ࡜࡟࠿ࡃ㸪ࡶ࠺୍ࡘࡢ≉ᚩ࡜ࡋ࡚㸪ᙅ⪅ࡀ❧ࡕୖࡀࡾ㸪ᢚᅽࡢᯬࢆᡴࡕ○ࡃࡓࡵ࡟ࡣ㸪」ᩘࡢᕪูࡉࢀ࡚࠸ࡿ࢝ࢸࢦ࣮ࣜ࡟ᒓࡋࡓ࡯࠺ࡀ᭷฼࡛࠶ࡾ㸪ᐇ㝿ᵝࠎ࡞✀㢮ࡢᙅ⪅ᛶࡣ㐃ືࡋ࠾஫࠸᮲௳௜ࡅྜࡗ࡚࠸ࡿࠋࡇࢀࢆ
intersectionality ࡜࿧ࡪࠋࡑࡢཎ⌮࡟ᇶ࡙ࡁ㸪Ⰽࠎ࡞ࢢ࣮ࣝࣉࡀඹ㏻ࡋ࡚࠸ࡿࡢ
ࡣᑡᩘὴ࡛࠶ࡿࡇ࡜࡟࠾࠸࡚࡛࠶ࡾ㸪౛࠼ࡤ㯮ே࡛࠶ࡿዪᛶࡣ㯮ேࡢ⏨ᛶࡼࡾ୙฼┈ࢆ⿕ࡿྍ⬟ᛶࡀ㧗ࡃ㸪㯮ேዪᛶࡢྠᛶឡ⪅࡛࠶ࡿேࡣࡓࡔࡢ㯮ேࡢዪᛶࡼࡾᕪูࢆཷࡅࡿྍ⬟ᛶࡀ㧗࠸ࡇ࡜ࡀᣦ᦬ࡉࢀ࡚࠸ࡿࠋࡇࢀࡽࡢࢸ࣮࣐ࢆ௒ࡸ
Ꮫၥࡢ୍✀࡜ࡋ࡚ᥖࡆ㸪㸦ᚲࡎࡋࡶ඲࡚ࡢே✀ࡢᖹ➼ᛶࡸ㸪ࡑࢀࡒࢀࡢᛶูࡢ
⊂⮬ᛶ࡟ࡼࡿᑛཝࡸᶒ฼ࢆᘚ᫂ࡍࡿࡔࡅ࡛ࡣ࡞࠸㸧womenȱ studies,ȱ genderȱ
studies,ȱ grievanceȱ studies ࡜ࡋ࡚ᑓᨷࡍࡿࡇ࡜ࡶ࡛ࡁࡿࡼ࠺࡟࡞ࡗ࡚࠸ࡿࠋࡑ
ࡢෆᐜ࡜ࡋ࡚ࡣゎᨺ㐠ື࡜ᖹ➼໬ࡢṔྐࡸ㸪ᵓ㐀ⓗ࡞ᕪู࡞࡝࡛࠶ࡿࡀ㸪ᐇ㝿ࡢ୙ᖹ➼࡟ࡼࡿᅽ㏕࡜㏕ᐖࡢᢈุ࠿ࡽࡲࡍࡲࡍゝⴥ࡟ࡼࡿᭀຊ࡬ࡢ཯Ⓨ࡟↔Ⅼࢆ⛣ࡋ⌮ㄽࡀᒎ㛤ࡉࢀ࡚࠸ࡿࠋȱࡇࡢࢪ࢙ࣥࢲ࣮ㄽࡶ௚ࡢ⌮ㄽ࡜ྠᵝ࡟Ⓨᒎࡋ࡚࠸ࡃࡶࡢ࡛࠶ࡗ࡚㸪⤫୍ࡉࢀࡓࡶࡢ࡛ࡣ࡞࠸ࠋ᫇ࡣ㸪ࡑࢀࡒࢀࡢ㸦ᛶู࡜࡯ࡰྠ⩏ㄒ࡛࠶ࡗࡓ㸧ࢪ࢙ࣥࢲ࣮ࡢ⊂⮬ࡢ≉ᚩࡸᑛཝࢆᙉㄪࡍࡿ࡜࡜ࡶ࡟⏕≀Ꮫⓗ࡞㑇⏘ࡢୖ࡛⮬ศ࡛ᡂࡋ㐙ࡆࡿ࡭ࡁㄢ㢟ࢆᣦࡋ࡚࠸ࡓࠋ㌟య࡜㛵ಀࡀ࠶ࡿ௨ୖ㸪࠺ࡲࡃ࠸࠿࡞࠸ሙྜࡶ࠶ࡿࠋࡑࡇ
࡛㸪๭ྜⓗ࡟ࡣ㠀ᖖ࡟ᑡ࡞࠸ࡀ㸪᪤Ꮡࡢ࢝ࢸࢦ࣮ࣜ࡟ᙜ࡚ࡣࡲࡽࡎ㸪࠶ࡿ࠸ࡣ୍
ぢࡍࡿࡓࡅ࡛ᛶูࡀᐃ࠿࡛࡞࠸ேࠎ㸪࠶ࡿ࠸ࡣ⏕ࡲࢀࡘࡁࡢᛶู࡟῝࠸ᝎࡳࢆᢪ
࠼ࡿேࠎࡢࡇ࡜࡟Ẽࢆ㐵࠺ࡶࡢ࡜ࡋ࡚ࢪ࢙ࣥࢲ࣮ㄽࢆゎ㔘ࡍࡿࡇ࡜ࡀ࡛ࡁࡿࠋࡇ
ࠊࠊࡢὶࢀ࡛ࡣ୺࡟ᛶูࢆኚ࠼ࡓ࠸㸪ኚ࠼ࡊࡿࢆᚓ࡞࠸㸪ኚ࠼ࡎ࡟࠸ࡽࢀ࡞࠸ᝈ⪅ࡀ୰ᚰ࡜࡞ࡗ࡚࠸ࡿࠋ⡆༢࡞ࣉࣟࢭࢫ࡛ࡣ࡞࠸ࡋ㸪୍㒊ࡢᙜ஦⪅ࡋ࠿ࡑࡇࡲ࡛Ỵ᩿ࡋ࡞࠸ࡀ㸪ᚲせ࡟ᛂࡌ࡚ᡭ⾡ࡲ࡛㐍ࡴሙྜࡀ࠶ࡿ㹿21ȱ ࠶ࡿ࠸ࡣ㸪⮬ศࡢ⊂⮬ᛶࢆȱȱȱȱȱȱȱȱȱȱȱȱȱȱȱȱȱȱȱȱȱȱȱȱȱȱȱȱȱȱȱȱȱȱȱȱȱȱȱȱ ȱȱȱȱȱȱȱȱȱȱȱȱȱȱȱȱȱȱȱȱȱȱȱȱȱ
21ȱᫎ⏬ࡸ௚ࡢసရ࡞࡝࡛ࡶ⤂௓ࡉࢀ㸪᭷ྡ࡟࡞ࡗࡓ౛㸪࠾ࡑࡽࡃึࡵ࡚ᡂຌࡋࡓ౛࡜ࡋ࡚
ࡣࢹ࣐࣮ࣥࢡேࡢ EinarȱWEGENER㸦ᚋ࡟ LiliȱIlseȱELVENES,ȱ1982Ȭ1931㸧ࡀᣲࡆࡽࢀࡿࠋ
ᡂຌ࡜ࡣ࠸࠼㸪」ᩘࡢᡭ⾡ᚋࡢྜే⑕ࡢ⤖ᯝ㸪⏕ᾭࢆ㛢ࡌࡿࡇ࡜࡟࡞ࡗࡓࠋ᭱㏆㸪࣮ࠗࣜࣜࡢࡍ࡭࡚࠘(2015)ȱ ࡜࠸࠺ᫎ⏬ࡢ㢟ᮦ࡟ࡶ࡞ࡗࡓࠋࡶࡗ࡜ᚋࡢ㸪ࡼࡾᡂຌࡋࡓ౛࡜ࡋ
࡚ࡣ Georgeȱ(Christine)ȱJORGENSEN ࡀᣲࡆࡽࢀ㸪⌧ᅾ࣓ࢹ࢕࢔࡞࡝࡛ᗈࡃ▱ࡽࢀ࡚࠸ࡿ
ࢣ࣮ࢫࡣ࠿ࡘ࡚⏨ᛶ࢜ࣜࣥࣆࢵࢡ㑅ᡭ࡛࠶ࡗࡓ Bruce㹙௒ࡣ Caitlyn㹛JENNER ࡛࠶ࡿࠋ

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㄂ࡾ࡟ᛮ࠸㸪᭹⿦࡞࡝࡟ࡼࡗ࡚⾲ࡍࡔࡅ࡛῭ࡴேࡶ࠸ࡿࠋ࡜ࡇࢁࡀ㸪ࡑࡇ࡛ࡶࡲ
ࡔ⤊ࢃࡿࡇ࡜࡞ࡃ㸪᭱㏆ࡢࢪ࢙ࣥࢲ࣮ㄽࡣࡴࡋࢁ࡝ࡢࡼ࠺࡞Ⰽᙬࢆᖏࡧ࡚࠸ࡿ࠿
࡜ゝ࠺࡜㸪ᚲࡎࡋࡶ⮬ศࡢ⏕ࡲࢀࡘࡁࡢᛶูࢆ⬺ᵓ⠏ࡍ࡭ࡃᡭ⾡ࢆồࡵࡿேࢆᑐ
㇟࡟ࡍࡿ࡜ࡣ㝈ࡽࡎ㸪኱ࡁ࡞⢭⚄ⓗ࡞ⱞ③ࢆぬ࠼࡞ࡃ࡚ࡶ␗ᛶ㸦ࡘࡲࡾ཯ᑐࡢᛶ
ู㸧࡜ࡋ࡚⏕ࡁࡓࡃ࡞ࡃ࡚ࡶ㸪࡜࡟࠿ࡃ⮬ศࡀ㑅ࢇࡔࢪ࢙ࣥࢲ࣮࡜ࡋ࡚ㄆࡵࡽࢀ
ࡓ࠸ࡇ࡜ࡀ୺ᙇࡉࢀࡿࠋࡑࡇ࡟ࡣࡶࡣࡸᛶูࡣ㛵ಀ࡞ࡃ㸪ᡭ⾡ࢆ᮲௳࡜ࡍࡿᚲせᛶࡶ࡞ࡃ࡞ࡿࠋ㏆ᖺࡢඛ㐍ᅜࡢἲᚊᨵᐃࡢከࡃࡶࡇࡢ㊰⥺࡛ື࠸࡚࠸ࡿࠋ⤖ᯝ㸪ぢࡓ┠ࡣ⏨ᛶ࡛㸪యࡣ୍⯡ⓗ࡞⏨ᛶ࡟ఝ࡚࠾ࡾ㸪Ỵᐃⓗ࡛ࡣ࡞࠸ࡓࡵዪᛶ࡟ኚࢃ
ࡿணᐃࡶ࡞࠸ேࡣ㸪⮬ศࡀ㑅ࢇࡔ௦ྡモࢆ౑࠸㸪࠿ࡘ㸪࿘ࡾࡢே࡟౑ࢃࡏ㸪ሙྜ࡟ࡼࡗ࡚ዪᛶ࡜ぢ೴ࡉࢀ㸪ዪᛶ࡜ྠࡌࣇ࢓ࢩࣜࢸ࢕ࢆ౑ࢃࡏ࡚ࡶࡽ࠼ࡿࡇ࡜ࢆồࡵ࡚ࡶ㸪ఱࡽ࠾࠿ࡋ࠸ࡇ࡜࡛ࡣ࡞࠸ࠋ࡞ࡐ࡞ࡽ㸪ࢪ࢙ࣥࢲ࣮࡟ࡣ☜ᅛࡓࡿᅵྎࡀ
࡞ࡃ㸪௚ே࡟ุ᩿࡛ࡁࡿࡶࡢࡶ࡞ࡃ㸪୍⏕ኚࢃࡽ࡞࠸ࢃࡅ࡛ࡶ࡞࠸ࡋ㸪୍ࡘࡋ࠿࠶ࡾᚓ࡞࠸ࢃࡅ࡛ࡶ࡞࠸࠿ࡽ࡛࠶ࡿࠋึࡵࡣ㸪⏨ᛶ࡜࠸࠺ᴫᛕࡀ♫఍ࡢ୰ᚰⓗ࡞せ⣲࡜ࡋ࡚㸦ዪᛶ࡟ᑐࡋ࡚㸧ᢚᅽⓗ࡛࠶ࡿ࡜࠸࠺⌮ㄽ࠿ࡽฟⓎࡋࡓ࠿ࡶࡋࢀ࡞࠸
ࡀ㸪᭱⤊ⓗ࡟ࡣዪᛶ࡜࠸࠺ほᛕࡶㄡ࠿࡟࡜ࡗ࡚ᢚᅽⓗ࡞ࡶࡢ࡜ࡋ࡚ᤊ࠼ࡽࢀ࠿ࡡ
ࡎ㸪࠶ࡽࡺࡿ᪤Ꮡࡢ࢝ࢸࢦ࣮ࣜ࡜ࡑࡢつ⠊ᛶࢆྰᐃࡍࡿ࡟⮳ࡿࠋ☜࠿࡟⏨ᛶ࡟࡜ࡗ࡚ࡼࡾ⏕ࡁࡸࡍ࠸♫఍࡛࠶ࡿ࡜࠸࠺ᢈุࢆࡍࡿ࡜ྠ᫬࡟㸪⏨ᛶ࡜ࡣఱ࡛࠶ࡿ࠿
ࡣ᭕᫕࡛࠶ࡿࡋ㸪ࡏࡗ࠿ࡃዪᛶࡢࡓࡵ࡟⋓ᚓࡋࡓᶒ฼ࡣᵝࠎ࡞ព࿡࡛ࡢዪᛶ࡟ࡶ
ᗈࡆࡽࢀࡿࠋ⿕ᐖ⪅࡜ࡳ࡞ࡉࢀࡓዪᛶࡣ௒ࡸ᭦࡞ࡿ⿕ᐖ⪅࡛࠶ࡿ transwoman ࡟ࡼࡗ࡚⨨ࡁ᥮࠼ࡽࢀࡿࠋ♫఍࡬ࡢ㐍ฟࡸᜊឡ㛵ಀ࡞࡝ࡣ㸦㝈ᐃⓗ࡛࠶ࡿ㸧⏕≀Ꮫⓗ࡞ᛶู࡟ࡼࡗ࡚ᨭ㓄ࡉࢀ࡚ࡣ࠸ࡅ࡞࠸ࠋ࡜࡞ࡿ࡜㸪ゝ࠺ࡲ࡛ࡶ࡞ࡃ㸪ᐙ᪘ࡢᐃ⩏22ȱ ࡜ᵓᡂࡀᚲ↛ⓗ࡟⪃࠼┤ࡉࢀࡿࡇ࡜ࡶࡑࡢ┠ⓗ࡛࠶ࡿࠋࢪ࢙ࣥࢲ࣮ࡢ㡿ᇦ࡛ȱȱȱȱȱȱȱȱȱȱȱȱȱȱȱȱȱȱȱȱȱȱȱȱȱȱȱȱȱȱȱȱȱȱȱȱȱȱȱȱ ȱȱȱȱȱȱȱȱȱȱȱȱȱȱȱȱȱȱȱȱȱȱȱȱȱ
ࡲࡓ␗࡞ࡿࣃࢱ࣮ࣥࡢ౛࡜ࡋ࡚㸪ࡲࡔࢸ࢕࣮ࢿ࢖ࢪ࣮ࣕࡔࡗࡓ Jazzȱ JENNIGS ࡀᣲࡆࡽࢀࡿࠋࡓࡔࡋ㸪ཝᐦ࡟ゝ࠼ࡤᛶู㐺ྜᡭ⾡㛵ಀࡢヰࡣ௒ᅇࡢࣂࢳ࢝ࣥࡢᩥ᭩࡟ࡣⓏሙࡋ࡞࠸ࠋȱ
22ȱ♫఍࡜࠸࠺᭷ᶵయࡢᇶᮏⓗ࡞⣽⬊࡜ࡶ࿧ࡤࢀࡿᐙ᪘ࡣ㸪ᅜᐙ࡟ඛᅾࡍࡿࡶࡢ࡜ࡋ࡚ࡶ㸪⮬↛ࡢ⛛ᗎ࡟᰿௜࠸࡚࠸ࡿᵓ㐀ࢆᣢࡘࡶࡢ࡜ࡋ࡚⪃࠼ࡽࢀࡿࡢ࡛ࡣ࡞ࡃ㸪୺ほⓗ࡞ឤ᝟ࡔࡅ࡟ᇶ࡙࠸࡚ዎ⣙࡜ࡋ࡚⮬ᚊᛶࢆᣢࡘ⮬⏤࡞ே㛫ࡀ⤖ࡪࣃ࣮ࢺࢼ࣮ࢩࢵࣉࡢࡇ࡜
ࢆព࿡ࡋ࡚࠸ࡿࠋேᩘࡶᛶูࡶᣢ⥆ᛶࡶ㝈ᐃࡉࢀᚓ࡞࠸ࠋࡑࢀ࡟ᑐࡋ㸪⏕Ṫ࡜ฟ⏘ࢆ┠ⓗ࡜ࡋ࡚࠸ࡓఏ⤫ⓗ࡞ᐙ᪘ᴫᛕࡣไ㝈࠾ࡼࡧᢚᅽ࡜ࡋ࡚⪃࠼ࡽࢀ㸪⤖፧࡜Ꮚ౪ࢆᣢࡘ

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ࡣ㸪⮬↛࡞ࡶࡢࡶ㸪ᮏ᮶࠶ࡿ࡭ࡁࡶࡢࡶ㸪␗ኚࡶ⑌⑓ࡶ࡞ࡃ㸪඲࡚ࡣ࠶ࡾࡢࡲࡲ
࡛Ⰻࡃ㸪␲࠺ࡇ࡜ࡣ࡛ࡁ࡞࠸ࠋȱ୍ࡘ⮬↛࡟ᾋ࠿ࡪ␲ၥ࡜ࡋ࡚㸪ࡇࡢࢺࣛࣥࢫࢪ࢙ࣥࢲ࣮࡜࠸࠺“umbrellaȱ
term”ࡢඖ࡟㞟ࡵࡽࢀ࡚࠸ࡿᵝࠎ࡞≧ែࡢඹ㏻Ⅼ㸪ཎᅉ࡜๭ྜࡀ࠶ࡿࠋ⛉Ꮫⓗ࡞
どⅬ࠿ࡽぢࢀࡤࡑࡢࡼ࠺࡞ࡇ࡜ࢆၥ࠺ࡢࡣᮏ᮶ᙜ↛ࡔࡀ㸪ࡇࡢࢪ࢙ࣥࢲ࣮ㄽ࡟
࠾࠸࡚ࡣྛேࡀ⮬ศ⮬㌟ࢆỴᐃࡋ㸪࠶ࡾࡢࡲࡲ࡟࠸ࡿࡇ࡜ࢆチࡉࢀࡿࡇ࡜ࡀồࡵࡽࢀࡿࡓࡵ㸪ࡑࡢேࡣ࡞ࡐࡑ࠺࡛࠶ࡿ࠿ࢆㄪ࡭ࡿࡇ࡜࡟㔜Ⅼࡣ⨨࠿ࢀ࡚࠾ࡽ
ࡎ㸪ヲ⣽ࢆ㏣ồࡍࡿ㐨ࡣ᭱ึ࠿ࡽሰࡀࡗ࡚࠸ࡿࠋࡶࡗ࡜ཝᐦ࡟ゝ࠺࡞ࡽࡤ㸪࢖ࣥࢱ࣮ࢭࢵࢡࢫ23ȱ ࡜࿧ࡤࢀࡿ⑕≧ࡸᛶᰁⰍయࡢᮍศ⿣⑕24ȱ ࡜࠸࠺㑇ఏⓗ࡞␗ኚ࡟ࡘ࠸࡚ࡣ་Ꮫⓗ࡟ᢕᥱࡉࢀᚓࡿࡀ㸪ఏ⤫ⓗ࡟⢭⚄⑌ᝈ࡜ࡋ࡚ࡳ࡞ࡉࢀ௒ࡣ
ࡑ࠺࡛࡞ࡃ࡞ࡗ࡚ࡁ࡚࠸ࡿࢺࣛࣥࢫࢭࢡࢩࣗ࢔ࣜࢬ࣒㸦␗ᛶ࡛࠶ࡾࡓ࠸࡜࠸࠺
ȱȱȱȱȱȱȱȱȱȱȱȱȱȱȱȱȱȱȱȱȱȱȱȱȱȱȱȱȱȱȱȱȱȱȱȱȱȱȱȱ ȱȱȱȱȱȱȱȱȱȱȱȱȱȱȱȱȱȱȱȱȱȱȱȱȱ
ࡇ࡜ࢆศࡅ࡚⪃࠼࡞ࡅࢀࡤ࡞ࡽ࡞࠸࡜୺ᙇࡍࡿ㸦⤖፧࡞ࡋࡢ⏕Ṫ㸪⏕Ṫ࡞ࡋࡢ⤖፧㸧ࠋ࠸ࢃࡺࡿᏊ౪ࢆᣢࡘᶒ฼ࡣࡓࡔṇᘧ࡟⤖፧ࡋࡓ⏨ዪ࡟㝈ᐃࡉࢀࡎ㸪㐍ࡴ⛉Ꮫᢏ⾡࡟ࡼࡗ࡚㸪࠿ࡘᅜᐙࡢ௓ධ࡟ࡼࡗ࡚ࡑࡢ͆ᶒ฼͇ࡣྠᛶࡢ࢝ࢵࣉࣝࡸ⤖፧ࡋ࡚࠸࡞࠸࢝ࢵ
ࣉࣝ࡟ࡲ࡛ᗈࡆࡽࢀ࡚ࡁࡓࠋȱ23ȱ㑇ఏᏊࡢᛶ࡜యࡢእⓗ࡞ᛶࡀ୍⮴ࡋ࡞࠸㸪࠶ࡿ࠸ࡣ㸪➨୍ḟᛶᚩ࡜➨஧ḟᛶᚩࡀ୍⮴ࡋ࡞࠸⌧㇟ࢆゝ࠺ࡢ࡛㸪」ᩘᙧ࡛ intersexȱconditions ࡜⾲⌧ࡍࡿࡢࡀṇ☜࡛࠶ࢁ࠺ࠋࡋ࠿
ࡶ㸪㏻ᖖ࡝ࡕࡽ࠿ࡢᛶูࡀࡼࡾ㢧ⴭ࡛࠶ࡾ㸪ࡑࢀ࡟ᇶ࡙ࡁయ඲యࢆᩚ࠼ࡿࡇ࡜ࡀ࡛ࡁ
ࡿࠋLeonardȱSAX,ȱ“Howȱcommonȱisȱintersex?ȱaȱresponseȱtoȱAnneȱFaustoȬSterling,”ȱTheȱ
JournalȱofȱSexȱResearchȱ2002ȱ39ȱ(3),ȱ174Ȭ178,ȱhttps://doi.org/10.1080/00224490209552139 ࢆཧ↷ࠋࢧࢵࢡࢫ࡟ࡼࢀࡤ㸪་Ꮫⓗ࡞≧ែ࡛࠶ࡿ࢖ࣥࢱ࣮ࢭࢵࢡࢫࡣᴟࡵ࡚ᑡ࡞࠸ࡋ㸪ࡑࢀ࡟ࡣ㑇ఏⓗ࡞ᰁⰍయࡢ␗ኚࡣྵࡲࢀ࡞࠸ࠋࡶࡕࢁࢇ㸪ࡓࡔ 0.018%ࡔ࡜ࡣ࠸࠼㸪ࡑࢀ࡟ⱞࡋࡴ୍ே୍ேࡢே㛫ࡢࡇ࡜ࡀ኱ษ࡛࠶ࡿࡀ㸪ᐇయࡀ␗࡞ࡿ࠿ࡽᵝࠎ࡞≧ែࢆΰࡐ࡚⪃࠼ࡿ࡭ࡁ࡛ࡣ࡞࠸ࠋࡲࡓ㸪㏫࡟ࡑࡢ≧ែࡀఱ༑ࣃ࣮ࢭࣥࢺࡔࡗࡓ࡜ࡋ࡚ࡶ㸪ࡑࢀࡣ
ᬑ㏻㸭␗ᖖ࡟ࡘ࠸࡚ࡢ⤖ㄽ࡟ࡣ┤⤖ࡋ࡞࠸ࠋȱ24ȱࡇࡢሙྜ㸪ᛶᰁⰍయࡀ㏻ᖖࡢ⏨ᛶࡢ 46XY ࡸዪᛶࡢ 46XX ࡜㐪࠸㸪୍ࡘࡀ୙㊊ࡋ࡚࠸ࡿ
45X0㸦ࢱ࣮ࢼ࣮⑕ೃ⩌㸧ࡸ୍ࡘࡣవศ࡟࠶ࡿ 47XXY㸦ࢡࣛ࢖ࢿࣇ࢙ࣝࢱ࣮⑕ೃ⩌㸧࡛࠶ࡿ㸪࡞࡝ࡢ≧ែࢆᣦࡋ࡚࠸ࡿࠋࡇࡢேࠎࡢከࡃࡣ⮬ศࡢᛶูࢆཷࡅධࢀ࡚࠸ࡿࡀ㸪እほࡣ␗ᛶ࡟ఝ࡚࠾ࡾ㸪ከࡃࡢሙྜ୙ዷࢆᝈࡗ࡚࠸ࡿࠋ␗࡞ࡿࢪ࢙ࣥࢲ࣮࡛࠶ࡿࢃࡅ࡛ࡣ
࡞ࡃ㸪࡝ࡕࡽ࠿࡜ゝ࠺࡜ 45X0 ࡣዪᛶ࡛࠶ࡾ㸪47XXY ࡣ⏨ᛶ࡛࠶ࡿࡀ㸪ࡑࢀࡒࢀࡢᛶู
࡜ࡋ࡚⏕ࡁࡓ࠸ேࡀ࡯࡜ࢇ࡝࡛࠶ࡿࠋࡲࡓ㸪య඲యࢆᩚ࠼ࡿᚲせࡀ࠶ࡿࠋ↓ㄽ㸪㑇ఏᏊࡣኚ࠼ࡽࢀ࡞࠸ࠋࡇࢀࡽࡢᵝࠎ࡞ᛶศ໬⑌ᝈࢆ࢖ࣥࢱ࣮ࢭࢵࢡࢫ࡟ศ㢮ࡍࡿ࡭ࡁ࠿࡝
࠺࠿࡟ࡘ࠸࡚㆟ㄽࡉࢀ࡚࠸ࡿࡢࡔࡀ㸪ト 23 ࡟࠶ࡿࢧࢵࢡࢫࡣࡑࢀࢆྵࡵ࡞࠸ࡀࡺ࠼࡟㸪┿ࡢ࢖ࣥࢱ࣮ࢭࢵࢡࢫࡣࡶࡗ࡜ᑡ࡞࠸࡜ゝ࠼ࡿࠋࡇࡢ་Ꮫⓗ࡞⑕≧⩌ࡢㄝ᫂࡟㛵ࡋ࡚㸪MeganȱK.ȱDEFRANZA,ȱSexȱDifferenceȱinȱChristianȱTheology.ȱMale,ȱFemale,ȱandȱIntersexȱinȱtheȱ
ImageȱofȱGod,ȱEerdmans,ȱGrandȱRapidsȱ–ȱCambridge,ȱ2015,ȱch.ȱ1 ࢆཧ↷ࠋࡔࡀ㸪ᙼዪࡢ⤖ㄽ࡟ࡣᚲࡎࡋࡶ㈶ᡂ࡛ࡁࡿࢃࡅ࡛ࡣ࡞࠸ࠋȱ

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ᙉ࠸㢪ᮃ㸪࠶ࡿ࠸ࡣ␗ᛶ࡛࠶ࡿ࡜࠸࠺☜ಙ㸧ࡶ㸪ࡲࡋ࡚ࡸ⏕≀Ꮫ࡜ࡣ↓㛵ಀ࡛඲ࡃ␗࡞ࡿࢪ࢙ࣥࢲ࣮࡛࠶ࡿ࡜୺ᙇࡋ࡚࠸ࡿࢺࣛࣥࢫࢪ࢙ࣥࢲࣜࢬ࣒ࢆド᫂ࡍࡿࡇ࡜ࡣ୙ྍ⬟࡟㏆࠸ࠋከࡃࡢሙྜ࡟၏୍☜࠿࡞ࡢࡣΰ஘࡜ⴱ⸨ࡢᏑᅾ࡛࠶ࡿࠋ
ࡶࡕࢁࢇ㸪ཎᅉࡀ࠶ࡗࡓ࡜ࡋ࡚ࡶ၏୍ࡢཎᅉࡀ඲࡚ࡢ≧ែ࡟ඹ㏻ࡍࡿ࡜ࡣ㝈ࡽ࡞࠸ࡀ㸪ཎᅉࢆ▱ࡿࡇ࡜ࡣࡑࡢ≧ែࢆண㜵ࡍࡿࡇ࡜ࡸ↓ࡃࡍࡇ࡜࡟ࡶࡘ࡞ࡀࡿࠋ
࡜⪃࠼ࡿ࡜㸪つ⠊ࡀ࠶ࡗ࡚ࡑࡇ࠿ࡽእࢀ࡚࠸ࡿ≧ែ࡜⪃࠼ࡿࡢ࡛ࡣ࡞ࡃ㸪ࢪ࢙ࣥࢲ࣮ㄽࡢάືᐙ࡟࡜ࡗ࡚࡝ࡢࢪ࢙ࣥࢲ࣮ࡶ඲ࡃ㏻ᖖࡢ᭷ᵝ࡛࠶ࡿࡓࡵ㸪ࡑࢀࢆၥ㢟࡟ࡍࡿࡢ࡛ࡣ࡞ࡃ㸪ࡓࡔࡢ⌧㇟࡜ぢ࡚࠸ࡿࠋࡲ࡜ࡵ࡚ࡳࡿ࡜㸪ࡑࢀࡒࢀࡢᨭᣢ⪅ࡀࡑࢀࢆ࡝ࡇࡲ࡛ព㆑ⓗ࡟㐍ࡵ࡚࠸ࡿ࠿ࡣู࡜ࡋ࡚㸪ᛶู࡜ࡑࡇ࠿ࡽ
ฟࡉࢀࡿᖐ⤖ࡢ㐣኱ホ౯ࡢᢈุ࠿ࡽጞࡲࡗࡓࢪ࢙ࣥࢲ࣮ㄽࡣࡲࡎᐈほⓗ࡞㌟య࡜ࡢ⤎ࢆ᩿ࡕ㸪ࡑࡢ⤖ᯝ㸪඲࡚ࡢࢭࢡࢩࣕࣝ࢔࢖ࢹࣥࢸ࢕ࢸ࢕ࢆ୰❧࡛ධࢀ᭰࠼ྍ⬟25ȱ ࡞ࡶࡢ࡜⪃࠼ࡿࠋȱࡇࡇࡲ࡛≉࡟⁥✍࡟ᥥࡃࡘࡶࡾ࡞ࡃ㸪ࢪ࢙ࣥࢲ࣮ㄽࡢ኱ࡲ࠿࡞ὶࢀ࡜ᮏ㉁ࢆ
ㄝ᫂ࡋ࡚ࡳࡓࡀ㸪ᐇࡣ୍ゝ࡛∦௜ࡅࡽࢀ࡞࠸ࡇ࡜ࡶከࡃ㸪ࡑࡶࡑࡶ࠾஫࠸┦཯ࡍࡿ㢮ࡢࢪ࢙ࣥࢲ࣮ㄽࡶᏑᅾࡋ࡚࠸ࡿࠋ࠸ࡃࡘ࠿ࡢ▩┪ࡣ᪤࡟ᇉ㛫ぢࡿࡇ࡜ࡀ࡛ࡁࡓࡀ㸪ḟ࡟ࡑࡢෆⓗ࡞୙⤫୍ᛶࢆぢࡿࡇ࡜࡜ࡍࡿࠋȱȱȱࢪ࢙ࣥࢲ࣮ㄽ࡟₯ࡴ▩┪ȱ࡞ࡐᏊ౪ࡢࢪ࢙ࣥࢲ࣮ࡀࡑࢀ࡯࡝ၥ㢟࡟࡞ࡗ࡚࠸ࡿ࠿ࢆ⪃ᐹࡍࡿ๓࡟㸪ࢪ࢙ࣥࢲ࣮ㄽ⮬య࡛ゎỴࡉࢀ࡚࠸࡞࠸࠸ࡃࡘ࠿ࡢ▩┪࡟ゐࢀࡓ࠸ࠋࡲࡎ㸪ᑐ㇟࡜࡞ࡗ࡚࠸ࡿၥ㢟ࡣ☜ᐇ࡟Ꮡᅾࡍࡿ⌧㇟࡛࠶ࡿࡇ࡜ࡣ☜࠿࡛࠶ࡿࡀ㸪ཎᅉࡀ୙᫂ࡔ
ࡅ࡛ࡣ࡞ࡃ㸪ࡉࡲࡊࡲ࡞≧ែࢆ୍ゝ࡛ྵࡵ࡚ໟᣓⓗ࡟ᢅࡗ࡚࠸ࡿࡢࡶ኱ࡁ࡞ᅔ
ȱȱȱȱȱȱȱȱȱȱȱȱȱȱȱȱȱȱȱȱȱȱȱȱȱȱȱȱȱȱȱȱȱȱȱȱȱȱȱȱ ȱȱȱȱȱȱȱȱȱȱȱȱȱȱȱȱȱȱȱȱȱȱȱȱȱ
25ȱGabriellaȱGAMBINO,ȱ“SameȬsexȱAttractionȱandȱtheȱLaw,”ȱSexuality,ȱGenderȱ&ȱEducation,ȱ
ed.ȱG.ȱBrambillaȱ–ȱJ.ȱTham,ȱBioethicaȱ33,ȱIFȱPress:ȱRome,ȱ2018,ȱ185Ȭ195㸪ࡇࡇ࡛ࡣ 186 ࢆཧ↷ࠋࡇࡇ࡛ࡣ㸪ᩍᑟ⫋࡟ࡶࡼࡃぢࡽࢀࡿࡼ࠺࡟㸪ࢪ࢙ࣥࢲ࣮ㄽ࡜ྠᛶឡ⪅㐠ືࢆ㸪ࡲࡓ㸪ᛶู㐪࿴࡜ྠᛶឡ࡬ࡢഴྥ⮬య࡜ࢆྜࢃࡏ࡚⪃࠼࡚࠸ࡿࠋ๓⪅ࡣ☜࠿࡟ᨻ἞ⓗ࡟㛵ಀࡋ࡚࠸ࡿࡀ㸪ᚋ⪅࡟ࡘ࠸࡚ࡣ᫂ࡽ࠿࡛ࡣ࡞࠸ࠋȱ

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㞴ࡢ୍ࡘ࡛࠶ࡿࠋ⮬ศ࡛㑅ࢇࡔࢃࡅ࡛ࡶ࡞࠸⮬ศࡢᛶูࢆཷࡅධࢀࡿࡢ࡟ⱞᡓ
ࡋ㸪ࡑࢀࢆ࠸࠿࡟⾲⌧ࡍࢀࡤⰋ࠸࠿ࢆぢࡘࡅࡿࡢ࡟ᝎࡴேࡣከ࠿ࢀᑡ࡞࠿ࢀ࠸
ࡿࠋ㛫㐪࠸࡞ࡃ㸪ࡑࡢேࡓࡕ࡟⪥ࢆഴࡅ㸪ఱࡽ࠿ࡢᙧ࡛⥭ᙇࢆ࿴ࡽࡆࡿᚲせࡀ࠶ࡿࠋࡓࡔ㸪ࢪ࢙ࣥࢲ࣮ㄽࡸ㐠ື࡜ࡋ࡚ࡢ LGBTQI+ࡀࡑࢀࢆᡂᑵࡋ࡚࠸ࡿ࠿࡝
࠺࠿࡟ࡘ࠸࡚ከࡃࡢ␲ၥࡀṧࡿࠋ◊✲ࡣᐇ㝿ᮍࡔ࡟ᑡ࡞࠸ࡢࡳ࡞ࡽࡎ㸪ฟ࡚࠸ࡿ◊✲ᡂᯝࡣࡴࡋࢁࢪ࢙ࣥࢲ࣮ㄽ࡟࡜ࡗ࡚୙㒔ྜ࡛࠶ࡿ㹿26ȱ ࡝ࡢ⌮ㄽࡶⓎᒎࡉࢀ࡚࠸ࡃࡶࡢ࡛ࡣ࠶ࡿࡀ㸪ࢪ࢙ࣥࢲ࣮ㄽࡢෆⓗ࡞୙⤫୍ࡣḟࡢⅬ࡟࠾࠸࡚ࡶᣦ
᦬ࡉࢀࡿࠋඖࠎࡢฟⓎⅬࡣୖ㏙ࡢ㏻ࡾࠕᛶูࡣ୚࠼ࡽࢀ㸪ࢪ࢙ࣥࢲ࣮ࡢ࠶ࡾ᪉ࡣ⮬ศ࡛ぢฟࡍ㺁27ȱ ࡜࠸࠺⪃࠼᪉ࡔࡗࡓࡀ㸪ᚋ࡟ࠕࢪ࢙ࣥࢲ࣮ࡣ┤᥋ᛶู࡜㛵ಀ࡞࠸♫఍ⓗ࡞ᴫᛕ࡛࠶ࡿࠖࡀࡓࡵ㸪⏕≀Ꮫⓗ࡟ዪᛶ࡜ࡋ࡚⏕ࡲࢀࡓேࡀ⏨ᛶ࡜ࡋ࡚⮬ㄆࡍࡿࡇ࡜ࡣ࠶ࡾᚓࡿ࡜࠸࠺୺ᙇ࡟⮳ࡗࡓࠋࡉࡽ࡟㸪⌧ᅾࡣ㸪ࡴࡋࢁࢪ࢙ࣥࢲ࣮࡟ࡣ୍㒊ࡢሙྜࡣࡗࡁࡾ࡜ࡋ࡞࠸ࢢࣞ࢖࣮ࢰ࣮ࣥࡀ࠶ࡾ㸪ሙྜ࡟ࡼࡗ
ู࡚ࡢᛶูࢆ㑅ࡪࡇ࡜ࡀ࡛ࡁࡿࡢ࡛ࡣ࡞ࡃ㸪ᛶู⮬యࡀఱࡢព࿡ࡶᣢࡓ࡞࠸ᵓ
⠏≀28ȱ ࡛࠶ࡾ㸪ᙅ⪅ࢆᢚᅽࡍࡿᨭ㓄ࡢ㐨ල࡛࠶ࡿࡢ࡟ຍ࠼㸪ࢫ࣌ࢡࢺࣝୖ࡟Ꮡ
ȱȱȱȱȱȱȱȱȱȱȱȱȱȱȱȱȱȱȱȱȱȱȱȱȱȱȱȱȱȱȱȱȱȱȱȱȱȱȱȱ ȱȱȱȱȱȱȱȱȱȱȱȱȱȱȱȱȱȱȱȱȱȱȱȱȱ
ȱ᭷ྡ࡞⢭⚄⛉་࡛ከࡃࡢᛶู㐪࿴ࡢᝈ⪅ࢆぢ࡚ࡁࡓே࡜ࡋ୍࡚␒᭷ྡ࠿ࡶࡋࢀ࡞࠸ࡢ
ࡣ PaulȱMCHUGH ࡛࠶ࡿ㸦PaulȱR.ȱMCHUGH,ȱ“Surgicalȱsex:ȱWhyȱweȱstoppedȱdoingȱsexȱ
changeȱ operations,”ȱ Firstȱ things,ȱ Novemberȱ 2004,ȱ https://www.firstthings.com/article/ȱ
2004/11/surgicalȬsex;ȱ“TransgenderȱSurgeryȱIsn’tȱtheȱSolution:ȱAȱdrasticȱphysicalȱchangeȱ
doesn’tȱaddressȱunderlyingȱpsychoȬsocialȱtroubles,”ȱTheȱWallȱStreetȱJournal,ȱ13ȱMayȱ2016,ȱ
https://www.wsj.com/articles/paulȬmchughȬtransgenderȬsurgeryȬisntȬtheȬsolutionȬȱ
1402615120?reflink=desktopwebshare_permalink;ȱ Lawrenceȱ S.ȱ MAYERȱ –ȱ Paulȱ R.ȱ
MCHUGH,ȱ “Sexualityȱ andȱ Gender:ȱ Findingsȱ fromȱ theȱ Biological,ȱ Psychological,ȱ andȱSocialȱSciences,”ȱTheȱNewȱAtlantis:ȱAȱJournalȱofȱTechnologyȱ&ȱSociety,ȱvol.ȱ50,ȱFallȱ2016;ȱ
PaulȱR.ȱMCHUGH,ȱPaulȱHRUZ,ȱandȱLawrenceȱS.ȱMAYER,ȱBriefȱofȱAmiciȱCuriaeȱinȱSupportȱ
ofȱ Petitioner,ȱ Gloucesterȱ Countyȱ Schoolȱ Boardȱ v.ȱ G.G.,ȱ Supremeȱ Courtȱ ofȱ theȱ Unitedȱ
States,ȱNo.ȱ16Ȭ273ȱ(Januaryȱ10,ȱ2017)ȱ ࡞࡝ࢆཧ↷㸧ࠋᙼࡢㄽⅬࢆࡲ࡜ࡵࡿ࡞ࡽࡤ㸪Ꮚ౪ࡢᛶู㐪࿴ࡣᡭ⾡࡟ࡼࡗ࡚࡛ࡣ࡞ࡃ㸪ࡲࡎᚰࡢࢣ࢔࡟ࡼࡗ࡚࿴ࡽࡆࡿ࡭ࡁ࡛࠶ࡿࠋ࣐ࢵ
ࢡࣄ࣮ࣗࡣᝏྡࡢ㧗࠸ JohnȱMONEY ࡢᛶูኚ᭦ࡢᐇ㦂ࡢ㓞ホ⪅࡜ࡋ࡚ࡶ▱ࡽࢀ࡚࠸ࡿࠋȱ
27ȱᮏᩥ᭩ࡢ 11 ᮲࡟ࡼࢀࡤ㸪ࠕᛶูࠖ࡜ࠕࢪ࢙ࣥࢲ࣮ࠖ࡜ࡢ㛫࡟ࡣ☜࠿࡟㐪࠸ࡀ࠶ࡾ㸪࡝ࡕࡽࡶ኱ษ࡛࠶ࡿ㸪࠶ࡿ࠸ࡣࡑࢀࡽࢆษࡾ㞳ࡑ࠺࡜ࡍࡿࡇ࡜࡟ၥ㢟ࡀ࠶ࡿࠋȱ28 ȱᛶูࡢ⾲⌧࡟ᵝࠎ࡞ᩥ໬ⓗ࡞つ⠊ࡸᮇᚅࡀㄢࡏࡽࢀ㸪⏨࡛࠶ࡿࡇ࡜ࢆከ✀ከᵝ࡞௙᪉࡛⏕ࡁࡿࡇ࡜ࡀ࡛ࡁࡓ࡜ࡋ࡚ࡶ㸪ᛶูࡀ↓ᩘ࡛࠶ࡿ࡜࠸࠺୺ᙇࡣࡲࡎ⌮୙ᑾ࡛࠶ࡿࠋ
Johnȱ SKALKO,ȱ “Theȱ Incoherenceȱ ofȱ Genderȱ asȱ aȱ Socialȱ Construct,”ȱ Ethicsȱ &ȱ Medics,ȱ
Volumeȱ45,ȱIssueȱ4,ȱAprilȱ2020,ȱ1Ȭ2,ȱhttps://doi.org/10.5840/em202045412 ࢆཧ↷ࠋȱ
26

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ᅾࡍࡿࡢࡶࢪ࢙ࣥࢲ࣮࡛ࡣ࡞ࡃᛶู࡛࠶ࡿ㸪࡜ゎ㔘ࡉࢀ࡚࠸ࡿࠋࡶࡋ⮬ศ࡛ࡑࡢࡼ࠺࡟ឤࡌ㸪Ỵࡵࢀࡤ㸪⏕ࡲࢀࡘࡁࡢ⏨ᛶࡀዪᛶ࡜ࡋ࡚ఱࡽ࠿ࡢᙧ࡛⮬ㄆࡍࡿࡇ࡜ࢆチࡉࢀࡿࡔࡅ࡛ࡣ࡞ࡃ㸪ᐇ㝿඲㠃ⓗ࡟ዪᛶ࡛࠶ࡿ࡜ゝࢃࡏ࡚ࡶࡽ࠺࡭
ࡁ࡛࠶ࡿ㸪࡜ࡲ࡛ㄽࡌࡽࢀ࡚࠸ࡿ㹿29ȱ ࡲࡓ㸪୍᪉࡛ࡣᛶࡣᮏ㉁ⓗ࡞ࡶࡢ࡛ࡣ࡞
࠸㸪ࡲࡿ࡛Ꮡᅾࡋ࡞࠸࡜୺ᙇࡋ㸪௚᪉࡛ࡣ⮬ศࡀ☜ಙࡋ࡚࠸ࡿᛶࡣ⮬↛࡞ࡶࡢ࡛࠶ࡿ࡜ຊㄝࡋࡼ࠺࡜ࡍࡿࠋࡘࡲࡾ㸪Ꮡᅾࡋ࡞࠸ࡣࡎࡢᛶู࡞࠸ࡋࡣࢪ࢙ࣥࢲ
࣮ࢆ⬺ᵓ⠏ࡋࡼ࠺࡜ࡍࡿ࡟ࡶ࠿࠿ࢃࡽࡎ㸪ࡑࡢ௦ࢃࡾ࡟ูࡢᴫᛕ࡜⨨ࡁ᥮࠼࡚㸪㔜せ࡛࡞࠸ࡣࡎࡢࢪ࢙ࣥࢲ࣮࢔࢖ࢹࣥࢸ࢕ࢸ࢕ࢆ୍኱஦࡛࠶ࡿ⮬ศࡢ୺ᙇࡢ᰿
ᗏ࡟ᤣ࠼࡚࠸ࡿࠋఏ⤫ⓗ࡞ࢪ࢙ࣥࢲ࣮ࡑࡢࡶࡢࡀ♫఍ⓗᵓ⠏≀࡛࠶ࡿ࡞ࡽࡤ㸪ࢺࣛࣥࢫࢪ࢙ࣥࢲ࣮ࡶࡑࡢࡼ࠺࡞ᵓ⠏≀࡛࠶ࡿ࡟㐪࠸࡞࠸ࡀ㸪࡞ࡐ๓⪅࡟ඃඛࡉࢀࡿ࡭ࡁ࠿ࡀศ࠿ࡽ࡞࠸ࠋBeing ࡛ࡣ࡞ࡃ doing ࡛࠶ࡿࡣࡎ࡞ࡢࡔࡀ㸪ㄡ࡟ࡶศ࠿ࡽ࡞࠸㸪ㄡ࡜ࡶඹ᭷ࡋ࡞࠸࢔࢖ࢹࣥࢸ࢕ࢸ࢕ࢆ࡞ࡐࡇࡢ㐠ືࡢ௚ࡢேࠎ
࡜ࡢඹ㏻Ⅼ࡟࡛ࡁࡿࡢ࠿㸪ࡋ࠿ࡶ㸪࡞ࡐࡑࢀࢆ♫఍඲యࡢᨻ⟇ࡢ᰿ᣐ࡟ࡋࡼ࠺
࡜ࡍࡿࡇ࡜ࡀ࡛ࡁࡿࡢࡔࢁ࠺࠿ࠋࢪ࢙ࣥࢲ࣮ࡢព࿡ࡀ᫬௦࡜࡜ࡶ࡟⛣ࡾኚࢃࡿࡶࡢ࡜ᛮ࠺࡞ࡽࡲࡔࡋࡶ㸪ᛶูࡀ♫఍ࡢ✵᝿ࡢᵓ⠏≀࡛࠶ࡿ࡜࠸࠺࢔࢖ࢹ࢕࢔
ࡇࡑࡀዶ᝿࡟௚࡞ࡽ࡞࠸ࠋȱࡑࢀ࠿ࡽ㸪⏕ࡲࢀࡘࡁࡢ≧ែ࡞ࡢ࠿㸪୺ほⓗ࡞Ẽᣢࡕ࡞ࡢ࠿ࡶࡣࡗࡁࡾ࡜ࡋ
࡞࠸ࠋ⮬ศࡢ⾜ື࡟ࡼࡗ࡚సࡾୖࡆࡿࡶࡢ࡞ࡽ㸪⏕ᚓⓗ࡛⮬↛࡞ࡶࡢ࡛࠶ࡾᚓ
࡞࠸ࡢ࡛㸪ࡑࡢ࡝ࡕࡽ࠿ࢆ㑅ࡪࡋ࠿࡞࠸ࠋࡍ࡞ࢃࡕ㸪⮬ศ࡟ࡋ࠿ឤ▱࡛ࡁ࡞࠸⏕ࡲࢀࡘࡁࡢࢪ࢙ࣥࢲ࣮ࢆ⮬⏤࡟㑅ࡪ࡜࠸࠺ࡇ࡜ࡶ㠀ྜ⌮ⓗ࡞ࡢ࡛࠶ࡿࠋᛶู
ȱȱȱȱȱȱȱȱȱȱȱȱȱȱȱȱȱȱȱȱȱȱȱȱȱȱȱȱȱȱȱȱȱȱȱȱȱȱȱȱ ȱȱȱȱȱȱȱȱȱȱȱȱȱȱȱȱȱȱȱȱȱȱȱȱȱ
29ȱࡑࡢ㊰⥺࡛ḟࡢⓎゝࡣ࠾࠿ࡋࡃ࡞࠸㹿ࠕዪᛶࡢࡍ࡭࡚ࡣ⭼ࢆᣢࡓ࡞࠸㺁ࠕࡍ࡭࡚㝜ⱼࢆᣢࡘ⪅ࡣ⏨ᛶ࡛ࡣ࡞࠸ࠖࡑࢀࡣࡓࡔಶࠎேࡢ࢔࢖ࢹࣥࢸ࢕ࢸ࢕ࡸᑛཝࡢၥ㢟࡞ࡽ࡜ࡶ࠿
ࡃ㸪ࡇࡢࡼ࠺࡞ከᵝᛶࡣἲⓗ࡞ไᗘ㸦ᐙ᪘㸪⤖፧㸪㣴Ꮚ⦕⤌࡞࡝㸧࡟ࡶἼཬࡍࡿࡢ࡛㸪ࡼࡾᗈ࠸ࢫࢣ࣮ࣝࡢၥ㢟࡛࠶ࡿࠋࡋࡓࡀࡗ࡚㸪ࡑࢀࡒࢀࡢᛶู࠿ࡽ་Ꮫⓗ࡟እࢀ࡚࠸ࡿ
ே㸪࠶ࡿ࠸ࡣࡑࡢᮇᚅ࡟ἢ࠼࡞࠸ே㸪ᛶูࡀ᮲௳࡜࡞ࡗ࡚࠸ࡿ⤌⧊࡟ྜࢃ࡞࠸ேࡀ㸪ᑛཝࢆࡶࡗ࡚⏕ࡁ㸪⮬⏤࡟⮬ศ⮬㌟ࡢᖾ⚟ࢆồࡵࡿࡢࡣⰋ࠸ࠋࡓࡔࡋ㸪⤖፧ࡸᐙ᪘ࡢព࿡
ࢆኚ࠼ࡿࡢࡣูࡢḟඖࡢヰ࡛࠶ࡿࠋ඲࡚ࡢዪᛶ࡟ᙉไⓗ࡟ࢫ࣮࢝ࢺࢆᒚ࠿ࡏࡿࡇ࡜࡜㸪ᛶู࡜㛵ಀ࡞ࡋ࡛ㄡ࡛ࡶ፧ጻࡢᑐ㇟⪅࡟┦ᛂࡋࡃࡍࡿࡇ࡜ࡣྠࡌ࡟ᛮ࠼࡞࠸ࠋࡑࡇ࡟
ࡣࡲࡓ▩┪ࡀぢࡽࢀ࡚࠸ࡿ̿̿ᵝࠎ࡞ཎᅉ࡛⮬ศࢆ⏨ᛶ࡜ࡶឤࡌࡎ㸪ዪᛶ࡜ࡶㄆ㆑ࡋ
࡞࠸ே㸦ࡢ୍㒊㸟㸧ࡀ࡞ࡐඖ᮶⏨ዪࡀⅭࡍඹྠయࡢ㐺᱁⪅࡛࠶ࡿ࡜ᙉࡃ୺ᙇ࡛ࡁࡿࡔࢁ
࠺࠿ࠋᐙ᪘ࡣᐇ㝿 2 ேࡔࡅࡢಶேⓗ࡞㡿ᇦࢆ㐶࠿࡟㉸࠼࡚࠸ࡿࠋȱ

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㸭ࢪ࢙ࣥࢲ࣮ࡣ fluid ࡛࠶ࡿࡣࡎ࡞ࡢ࡟㸪࡞ࡐ୙ྍ㏫ⓗ࡟୍ࡘูࡢࡶࡢࡔࡅࢆ
㑅ࡪࡇ࡜ࢆチࡉࢀࡿࡔࢁ࠺࠿ࠋ࡞ࡐࡑࢀࡀࡑࢇ࡞࡟㔜せ࡛࠶ࡿࡢࡔࢁ࠺࠿ࠋ2 ࡘࡢ㑅ᢥ⫥ࡢ࠺ࡕ࡝ࡕࡽ࠿࡟ᒓࡍࡿࡢ࡟ⱞປࡍࡿேࡓࡕ㸦nonȬbinary㸧ࡣ☜࠿࡟Ꮡᅾࡍࡿࡋ㸪ᑛཝࢆᣢࡘࡶࡢ࡜ࡋ࡚ぶษ࡟᥋ࡉ࡞ࡅࢀࡤ࡞ࡽ࡞࠸ࡢࡣ㛫㐪࠸࡞࠸ࡢࡔࡀ㸪➨ 3 ࡢ㑅ᢥ⫥࡟ࡶᙜ࡚ࡣࡲࡽࡎ㸪ࡑࡶࡑࡶ࡝ࡇ࡟ࡶᒓࡋࡓࡃ࡞࠸࡜
࠸࠺⌧㇟ࡶぢࡽࢀࡿࠋ⌧ᐇࢆㄆ㆑ࡋཷࡅධࢀࡿࡢࡀᅔ㞴࡛࠶ࡿ࡞ࡽࡤ㸪⌧ᐇ࡛ࡣ࡞ࡃㄆ㆑࡟ၥ㢟ࡀ࠶ࡿྍ⬟ᛶࡀ㧗࠸ࠋ⮬ศࡢ୺ᙇ௨እࡢఱࡢ᰿ᣐࡶ࡞ࡋ࡟㑅ᢥ⫥ࢆ↓ᩘ࡟ቑࡸࡋ࡚࠸ࡃࡇ࡜࡟ࡼࡗ࡚⤖ᒁࡑࡢ඲࡚ࡢࢪ࢙ࣥࢲ࣮ࡢព࿡࡜౯
್ࡀపୗࡍࡿࡢ࡛ࡣ࡞࠸࠿ࠋࡋ࠿ࡶ㸪☜ᐇ࡞ᅵྎ࡛࠶ࡿᮏᛶࡀ࡞࠸࡜୺ᙇࡋࡘ
ࡘࡶ㸪⮬ศࡀⰋ࠸࡜ᛮ࠺ᮏᛶࢆసࡾ࠶ࡆ㸪ࡑࢀࢆຊᙉࡃᘚㆤࡍࡿࡇ࡜ࡶ▩┪ࡋ࡚࠸ࡿࠋᤞ࡚ཤࡾࡓ࠸㸪ྲྀࡾ㝖ࡁࡓ࠸⮬ศࡢ᎘࡞Ⅼࡣㄡ࡟࡛ࡶ࠶ࡿࡀ㸪ࡑࢀࡣ༢࡟⮬ศࡢ୙᏶඲ᛶ࡟⏤᮶ࡍࡿ࠿㸪࠶ࡿ࠸ࡣ࠶ࡿ✀ࡢࢺ࣐ࣛ࢘࡜ࡑࢀ࡟ᑐࡍࡿ
཯ᢠ࡟⏤᮶ࡍࡿࠋࡑࢀ࡜ᡓ࠺ࡇ࡜ࡣ࡛ࡁ࡚ࡶ㸪ࡑࢀ࡟ኚࢃࡿูࡢࡶࡢࡣ࡞࠸ࠋȱࡑࡇ࡟ࡣࡇࡢ⪃࠼᪉ࡢ࣏ࢫࢺࣔࢲࣥ࡞≉ᚩ࠾ࡼࡧᕥ⩼ᨻ἞࡜ࡢ㐺ྜᛶࡀぢฟࡉࢀࡿࠋ๓⪅࡟ࡼࢀࡤ㸪඲࡚ࡢே㛫࡟ඹ㏻ࡍࡿᅵྎ࡜ࡋ࡚ࡢᐇయࡀ࡞ࡃ㸪Ꮡᅾࡍࡿࡢࡣಶࠎேࡔࡅ࡛㸪࡝ࡢಶேࡶࡓࡗࡓ୍ࡘࡋ࠿࡞࠸࢜ࣜࢪࢼ࡛ࣝ࠶ࡿࡀ㸪ᚋ⪅࡟ࡼࢀࡤ㸪඲࡚ࡢேࡀᖹ➼࡛࠶ࡿࡓࡵ࡟ࡣ㸪ⓙࡑࡗࡃࡾ࡛ྠࡌ࢝ࢸࢦ࣮ࣜ
࡟ᒓࡍࡿ࠿㸪࠶ࡿ࠸ࡣ㏫࡟ⓙࡀⓙ࡜␗࡞ࡽ࡞ࡅࢀࡤ࡞ࡽࡎ㸪ࡑࢀ࡟ࡼࡗ࡚ࡲࡉ
ࡋࡃ඲ဨࡀ㢮ఝࡍࡿࡶࡢ࡟࡞ࡿ࠿㸪ࡑࡢ࡝ࡕࡽ࠿ࡀ㔜せ࡛࠶ࡾ㸪ࡑࡢ࡝ࡕࡽࡶ
ྠࡌ┠ᶆࢆᣢࡘ࡜ゝ࠼ࡿࡢ࡛࠶ࡿࠋ୍᪉࡛ࡣ⮬ศࡀ࡝ࡢᛶู࡛࠶ࡾ㸪ࡑࢀࢆ࡝ࡢࢪ࢙ࣥࢲ࣮࡜ࡋ࡚⏕ࡁࡿ࠿ࢆỴࡵࡘࡅࡽࢀࡓࡃ࡞࠸㸪㑅ᢥ⫥ࢆ⊃ࡵࡽࢀࡓࡃ
࡞࠸࡜࠸࠺⪃࠼᪉ࡀ࠶ࡿࡀ㸪௚᪉࡛ࡣఱ࡜ࡋ࡚࡛ࡶ␗ᛶ࡛࠶ࡿࡇ࡜ࢆ୺ᙇࡍࡿࡇ ࡜ ࡟ ࡼࡗ ࡚ከ ࡃ ࡢ ࢪ࢙ ࣥࢲ ࣮ ㄽ ௦⾲ ⪅ࡣ ↓ ព ㆑ࡢ ࠺ࡕ ࡟ ᛶ ู஧ ᙧែ ㄽ㸦sexualȱ dymorphism㸧ࢆᐇࡣ෌☜ㄆࡋ࡚࠸ࡿࠋࡑࡇ࡟ࡶࡲࡓ᰿ᮏⓗ࡞ᵓ㐀ⓗ▩┪ࡀぢࡽࢀࡿࡢ࡛ࡣ࡞࠸ࡔࢁ࠺࠿㹿30ȱ ࡑࡢࡓࡵ㸪ࡇࡢᩥ᭩ࡢࡼ࠺࡟㆙㚝ࢆ㬆ȱȱȱȱȱȱȱȱȱȱȱȱȱȱȱȱȱȱȱȱȱȱȱȱȱȱȱȱȱȱȱȱȱȱȱȱȱȱȱȱ ȱȱȱȱȱȱȱȱȱȱȱȱȱȱȱȱȱȱȱȱȱȱȱȱȱ
30ȱࡇࡢⅬ࡟㛵ࡋ࡚ࡣ㸪ᩥ᭩ࡢ 25 ᮲ࢆཧ↷ࠋᛶู஧ᙧែㄽࡣᚲࡎࡋࡶᕪูࡢཎᅉ࡟࡞ࡽ࡞
ࡅࢀࡤ࡞ࡽ࡞࠸ࢃࡅ࡛ࡣ࡞ࡃ㸪ࡴࡋࢁ౛࠼ࡤ⸆ࡢ཯ᛂࢆุ᩿ࡍࡿ࡟࠶ࡓࡗ࡚኱ษ࡞⫯ᐃⓗᕪูࡢ᰿ᣐ࡟ࡶ࡞ࡿࠋࡋ࠿ࡶ㸪ࢺࣛࣥࢫࢪ࢙ࣥࢲ࣮ࡢேࡶࡸࡣࡾ㸦ᚰࡣࡑࢀ࡟ྜ⮴

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ࡽࡋ㸪ࢪ࢙ࣥࢲ࣮ㄽࢆᢈุࡍࡿࡢࡣ㸪ពእ࡟ࡶ᐀ᩍࡸಖᏲⓗᨻ἞ࡔࡅ࡛ࡣ࡞ࡃ㸪ᚑ᮶ࡢࣇ࢙࣑ࢽࢫࢺࡓࡕࡸྠᛶឡ⪅ࡢᶒ฼ࢆ୺ᙇࡍࡿேࡓࡕ࡞ࡢ࡛࠶ࡿࠋ࡞ࡐ
࡞ࡽ㸪ᛶูࢆ↓ᩘࡢ㑅ᢥ⫥࡟ⷧࡵࡿࡇ࡜࡟ࡼࡗ࡚㸪ࡏࡗ࠿ࡃᡓࡗ࡚ࡁࡓࠕዪᛶ㺁ȱ ࡜࠸࠺ᴫᛕࢆዣ࠸ྲྀࡽࢀࡿ࠿ࡽ࡛࠶ࡾ㸪ྠᛶ࡬ࡢᛶⓗᣦྥࢆ⮬ศ⮬㌟ࡢᛶ⮬31ㄆࡢ␗ኚࡔ࡜ゎ㔘ࡉࢀࡿࡇ࡜࡟ࡼࡗ࡚ྠᛶឡ⪅ࡢᶒ฼ࡢ௦ࢃࡾ࡟⮬ศࡢᛶูኚ
᭦ࢆ່ࡵࡽࢀ㸪࠶ࡿ࠸ࡣᙉ࠸ࡽࢀࡿ㸦ࡑࢀ࡟ࡼࡗ࡚ࡲࡓ↓ព㆑ࡢ࠺ࡕ࡟␗ᛶឡࡢつ⠊ᛶࢆ⫯ᐃࡉࢀࡿ㸧࠿ࡽ࡛࠶ࡿࠋࡑࡢࡓࡵ㸪⌧௦ࡢࢪ࢙ࣥࢲ࣮ㄽ࡟㈶ᡂࡋ
࡞࠸ࣇ࢙࣑ࢽࢫࢺࡓࡕࡀඖࠎࡢࣇ࢙࣑ࢽࢫࢺࡢ༠఍࠿ࡽ㏣࠸ฟࡉࢀࡓࡾࡍࡿࡇ
࡜ࡶ⛥࡛ࡣ࡞࠸㹿32ȱ ࢪ࢙ࣥࢲ࣮ㄽࡢฟⓎⅬࡣዪᛶゎᨺ㐠ື࡛࠶ࡿࣇ࢙࣑ࢽࢬ࣒࡟ぢฟࡍࡇ࡜ࡶ࡛ࡁࡿࡀ㸪௒ࡢᙧ࡛ࡣࣇ࢙࣑ࢽࢬ࣒ࡢୖ࡟ᐤ⏕ࡋ࡚࠸ࡿ࡜࠸࠺
༳㇟ࢆཷࡅࡿ㹿33ȱ ዪᛶࡓࡕࡢ empowerment ࡢࡓࡵ࡟Ⅽࡉࢀ࡚࠸ࡿᵝࠎ࡞ᙧ࡛ࡢ࢔ࣇ࢓࣮࣐ࢸ࢕ࣈ࣭࢔ࢡࢩࣙࣥ࡟⤖ᒁዪᛶ࡜ゝ࠸ᙇࡿ⏨ᛶ࡛ࡶᬑ㏻࡟ཧຍࡋ㸪ࡑࢀࢆ฼⏝ࡍࡿࡇ࡜ࡀ࡛ࡁࡿࠋ☜ㄆࡶ཯ㄽࡶཎ๎୙ྍ⬟࡜࡞ࡿࠋ⢭⚄ࡢ⑌ᝈࡔȱȱȱȱȱȱȱȱȱȱȱȱȱȱȱȱȱȱȱȱȱȱȱȱȱȱȱȱȱȱȱȱȱȱȱȱȱȱȱȱ ȱȱȱȱȱȱȱȱȱȱȱȱȱȱȱȱȱȱȱȱȱȱȱȱȱ
ࡋ࡞࠸࠿ࡶࡋࢀ࡞࠸㸧ᮏ᮶ࡢᛶู࡟ᇶ࡙࠸࡚యࡣ཯ᛂࡋ࡚࠸ࡿࠋᛶูࡢ 2 ࡘࡢᙧែࡢ⏤᮶࡜ព⩏࡟ࡘ࠸࡚㸪JohnȱSKALKO,ȱ“WhyȱThereȱAreȱOnlyȱTwoȱSexes,”ȱPublicȱDiscourse,ȱ
5ȱJuneȱ2017,ȱhttps://www.thepublicdiscourse.com/2017/06/19389 ࢆཧ↷ࠋȱ
31ȱᅜ㐃࡟ᖖ㥔࢜ࣈࢧ࣮ࣂ࡜ࡋ࡚⁫ᅾࡋ࡚࠸ࡿࣂࢳ࢝ࣥ௦⌮࡛࠶ࡿ Bernarditoȱ AUZA ኱ྖᩍࡶࡇࡢព࿡࡛ఝࡓࡼ࠺࡞࣓ࢵࢭ࣮ࢪࢆබ⾲ࡋ࡚࠸ࡿࠋࡑࡢ᪥௜㸦2019 ᖺ 3 ᭶ 20 ᪥㸧ࡶᮏᩥ᭩ࡢ᪥௜㸦ྠᖺ㸪2 ᭶ 2 ᪥㸧࡜㛵㐃ࡋ࡚࠸ࡿࡢ࡛ࡣ࡞࠸࠿࡜ᛮࢃࢀࡿࠋ“Genderȱ
EqualityȱandȱGenderȱIdeology:ȱProtectingȱWomenȱandȱGirls,”ȱhttps://holyseemission.ȱ
org/contents//statements/5c9511849e908.php ࢆཧ↷ࠋȱ
32ȱዪᛶࡢ⠊␪ࢆᗈࡆࡼ࠺࡜ࡍࡿࢪ࢙ࣥࢲ࣮࣭ࣇ࢙࣑ࢽࢬ࣒࡟ᙜ࡚ࡣࡲࡽ࡞࠸㸪ࡑࢀ࡜ᑐ❧ࡍࡿዪᛶࡢᛮ᝿ᐙࡢ౛࡜ࡋ࡚ࡣḟࡢዪᛶࢆグࡋ࡚࠾ࡁࡓ࠸ࠋChristinaȱ HOFFȱ SOMMERS
ࡸ㸪CamilleȱPAGLIA㸦⮬㌟ࡣࢀࡎࣅ࢔࡛ࣥࡶ࠶ࡿ㸧ࡸ㸪LuceȱIRIGARAY ࡞࡝ࠋࡑࢀ࠿ࡽ㸪“BiologyȱIsn’tȱBigotry:ȱWhyȱSexȱMattersȱinȱtheȱAgeȱofȱGenderȱIdentity”ȱ(16ȱFebruaryȱ
2017,ȱ https://www.heritage.org/marriageȬandȬfamily/event/biologyȬisntȬȱ bigotryȬwhyȬ
sexȬmattersȬtheȬageȬgenderȬidentity)ȱ ࡜࠸࠺ࢩ࣏ࣥࢪ࣒࢘࡟ཧຍࡋࡓዪᛶࡓࡕ Miriamȱ
BENȱ SHALOM,ȱ Kaeleyȱ TRILLERȱ HAVER,ȱ Kamiȱ MUELLER,ȱ Maryȱ Louȱ SINGLETON,ȱ EmilyȱZINOS ࡶࡑࡢ౛࡛࠶ࡿࠋȱ33ȱMaryȱPrudenceȱALLEN,“GenderȱReality,”ȱSolidarity:ȱTheȱJournalȱofȱCatholicȱSocialȱThoughtȱ
andȱ Secularȱ Ethics,ȱ Vol.ȱ 4,ȱ Issueȱ 1,ȱ Articleȱ 1,ȱ 2014,ȱ 1Ȭ36,ȱ https://researchonline.ȱ
nd.edu.au/solidarity/vol4/iss1/1 ࢆཧ↷ࠋ⮬㌟ࡶࣇ࢙࣑ࢽࢫࢺ࡛࠶ࡿᙼዪࡣ㸪A.ȱKINSEY࡟⏤᮶ࡍࡿࢪ࢙ࣥࢲ࣮ㄽࡀࣇ࢙࣑ࢽࢫࢺࡢᏛၥࢆ㏻ࡋ࡚ᗈࡲࡗࡓࡇ࡜ࢆ㸪࢘࢕ࣝࢫࡀ
⣽⬊࡟ᾐ㏱ࡋ࡚ቑṪࡍࡿࡓࡵ࡟ࡑࡢ⣽⬊ࢆ౑ࡗࡓᚋࡑࢀࢆ◚ቯࡍࡿ⌧㇟࡜ࡲ࡛ゝࡗ࡚
࠸ࡿࠋȱ

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࠿ࡽ἞⒪ࢆཷࡅ㸪ಖ㝤࡞࡝౑ࡗ࡚㸪✲ᴟࡢሙྜ࡟ࡣ᭱⤊ⓗ࡟ᡭ⾡ࡲ࡛㐍ࢇ࡛ࡋࡲ࠺ࢣ࣮ࢫࡣࡲࡔ㸦㈶ᡂࡋ࡞ࡃ࡚ࡶ㸧࠿ࢁ࠺ࡌ࡚⌮ゎ࡛ࡁࡿࡀ㸪ᚭᗏⓗ࡟㌟య
ࢆᮏᙜࡢࡶࡢ࡜୺ᙇࡍࡿࢪ࢙ࣥࢲ࣮࡟ྜࢃࡏࡿࡇ࡜ࡶ࡞ࡃ㸪ࡓࡔྡ๓࡜ ID ࡢኚ᭦࡛௚ࡢᛶูࡢᶒ฼࡟୚ࡿࡇ࡜ࡣዴఱࡏࢇཷࡅධࢀ࡟ࡃ࠸ࠋȱࡲࡓ㸪᰿ᮏⓗ࡟ゎỴࡢ㝈⏺ࡀ࠶ࡿࡇ࡜ࢆㄆࡵࡊࡿࢆᚓ࡞࠸ࡀ㸪ࠕᚰࢆయ࡟
ྜࢃࡏࡿࠖࡢ࡛ࡣ࡞ࡃ㸪ࠕయࢆᚰ࡟ྜࢃࡏࡿ࡭ࡁࠖ⌮⏤ࡀఱ࡞ࡢ࠿ࡣㄝ᫂ࡉࢀ
࡚࠸࡞࠸㹿34ȱ ๓⪅ࡣ☜࠿࡟ᢅ࠸࡟ࡃࡃ㸪⛉Ꮫⓗ࡞┠࡟ࡣ࠿ࡃࡉࢀ࡚࠸ࡿࡶࡢ࡛
࠶ࡿࡋ㸪ᚰࢆ᧯సࡍࡿࡇ࡜࡟㝈⏺ࡀ࠶ࡿࠋࡑࢀ࡛ࡶ᫇ࡣࡇࡢ࢔ࣉ࣮ࣟࢳࡀඃ
ඛࡉࢀ࡚࠸ࡓࠋࡋ࠿ࡋ㸪ᚋ⪅ࡢ࡯࠺ࡣẚ࡭≀࡟࡞ࡽ࡞࠸࡯࡝኱ࡁ࡞༴㝤ࡀకࡗ࡚࠸ࡿ࡟ࡶ࠿࠿ࢃࡽࡎ㸪⤖ᯝࡀࡍࡄぢ࠼ࡿࡓࡵ࠿㸪௒ࡸࡇࡕࡽࡢ࡯࠺ࡀ㑅
ࡤࢀⅭࡉࢀࡿࡇ࡜ࡀከ࠸ࠋάືᐙࡸ࣓ࢹ࢕࢔࡛ࡣࡔ࠸ࡓ࠸ᡂຌࡋࡓᐇ౛ࡸ⫯ᐃⓗ࡞฼Ⅼࡔࡅࡀ⤂௓ࡉࢀࡿࡀ㸪ఏ⤫ⓗ࡞་⒪೔⌮࡟࠾࠸࡚యࢆ୙ྍ㏫ⓗ࡟യࡘࡅࡿࡓࡵ࡟ࡣ㸪ࡼࡾ኱ࡁ࠸ၿࡢ௚࡟㸪࠿࡞ࡾࡢ☜ᐇᛶ࡜ᡂຌࡢぢ㎸ࡳࡀᚲせ࡛࠶ࡿ㹿35ȱ ࡶࡕࢁࢇ㸪⮬ᚊᛶࢆㄆࡵࡽࢀ࡚࠸ࡿ኱ே࡛࠶ࡿࡇ࡜ࡀࡑࡢ๓ᥦ
࡛࠶ࡿࠋࡑࡇࡲ࡛ࡢ༴㝤ࢆ≢ࡋ࡚ࡲ࡛㸪⮬ศࡢᛶูࢆኚ࠼ࡎ࡟࠸ࡽࢀ࡞࠸ேࠎ
ȱȱȱȱȱȱȱȱȱȱȱȱȱȱȱȱȱȱȱȱȱȱȱȱȱȱȱȱȱȱȱȱȱȱȱȱȱȱȱȱ ȱȱȱȱȱȱȱȱȱȱȱȱȱȱȱȱȱȱȱȱȱȱȱȱȱȱ≀㉁ⓗ࡞యࡀ㔜せ࡛ࡣ࡞ࡃ㸪ᮏᙜࡢ࢔࢖ࢹࣥࢸ࢕ࢸ࢕ࡣᚰ࡜₍↛࡜࿧ࡤࢀࡿ⢭⚄㸪㨦࡟࠶ࡿ࡜࠸࠺⪃࠼᪉ࡣ஧ඖㄽⓗ㸦dualistic㸧࡞ே㛫ㄽ࡜ࡋ࡚ᣦ᦬ࡉࢀ㸪ᢈุࡉࢀࡿ㸦20 ᮲ࢆཧ↷㸧ࠋᐇ⏝ⓗ࡞ၥ㢟㸦ࢺ࢖ࣞ㸪ࣟࢵ࣮࣮࣒࢝ࣝ㸪ᐟ⯋㸪ࢫ࣏࣮ࢶࢳ࣮࣒࡞࡝㸧࡜୪ࡧ㸪ࡇࡢ⌮ㄽⓗ࡞Ⅼࡣ୺࡞ᢈุࡢⓗ࡛࠶ࡿࠋࡶࡗ࡜ཝࡋ࠸ゝ࠸᪉ࢆࡍࢀࡤ㸪ᴟ➃࡞ࢪ࢙ࣥࢲ࣮ㄽࡣྂ௦ࡢࢢࣀ࣮ࢩࢫ୺⩏ࡢ୍ࡘࡢኚᐜ࡟௚࡞ࡽ࡞࠸࡜ࡶゝ࠼ࡿࠋᕫࡀ┘⚗ࡉࢀ࡚࠸ࡿయࢆ⶜どࡋ㸪ዲࡁ࡞ࡼ࠺࡟ᢅ࠼ࡿࡔࡅ࡛ࡣ࡞ࡃ㸪㌟య࡜ࡢ㛵ಀࡣᮏ㉁ⓗ࡞ࡶࡢ࡛ࡣ࡞ࡃ㸪ᐇయࢆḞࡃぢࡓ┠࡟㐣ࡂࡎ㸪┿ࡢ⮬ศࡣูࡢḟඖ࡟Ꮡᅾࡍࡿ࡜࠸࠺Ⓨ᝿࡟⾲ࢀࡿࠋㄡ࡟ࡶศ࠿ࡽ࡞࠸ࡇࡢ≉ู࡞▱㆑ࡣᚰࡢ῝࠸࡜ࡇࢁ࡟ᐟࡾ㸪ࡑࢀࢆᝅࡽ࡞࠸㝈ࡾ࡛ࡣᩆࢃࢀ࡞࠸ࠋRobertȱP.ȱGEORGE,ȱ“GnosticȱLiberalism,͜ȱ FirstȱThings,ȱDecemberȱ2016,ȱ
https://www.firstthings.com/article/2016/12/gnosticȬliberalism ࢆཧ↷ࠋȱ ȱ35ȱ඲యᛶࡢཎ๎㸦principleȱofȱtotality㸧࡜࿧ࡤࢀࡿࡇࡢ⪃࠼᪉࡟ࡼࢀࡤ㸪೺඲࡞యࢆ᜛ព
ⓗ࡟യࡘࡅࡿࡇ࡜ࡣ࡛ࡁࡎ㸪㌟యࡢ୍㒊࡟ᐖࢆຍ࠼ࡿࡇ࡜ࡣࡓࡔయ඲యࡢၿࢆᏲࡿࡓ
ࡵ࡟ࡔࡅࡍࡿ࡭ࡁ࡛࠶ࡿࠋࡲࡋ࡚ࡸ㸪⮬ศࡢ඲యࡢၿࡀఱ࡛࠶ࡿ࠿㸪ᛶ࡜⏕Ṫ࡜ࡣఱ࠿ࡀศ࠿ࡽ࡞࠸ᮍᡂᖺࡢᢎㅙࡣ௒ࡲ࡛௚ࡢ་⒪ࡢศ㔝࡛ၥ࠺ࡇ࡜ࡶ࡞࠿ࡗࡓࡋ㸪ぶࡢᢎㅙࡣࡓࡔࡇࡢ඲యᛶࢆᏲࡿࡓࡵ࡟ồࡵࡿࡶࡢ࡛࠶ࡗࡓࠋᛶู㐺ྜᡭ⾡ࡣࡑࡢே㛫඲యࡢ೺ᗣࢆ⬣࠿ࡍ⑓Ẽࢆ἞⒪ࡋ࡚࠸ࡿࡢ࡛ࡣ࡞ࡃ㸪ࡴࡋࢁ㸦᏶඲࡛ࡣ࡞࠸࠿ࡶࡋࢀ࡞࠸
ࡀ㸧೺඲࡞㌟యࡢ඲యᛶࢆᔂࡍ⾜Ⅽࢆព࿡ࡋ࡚࠸ࡿࠋ࡞࠾㸪ࡇࡢཎ๎ࢆ㐺⏝ࡋ࡚ᛶู㐺ྜᡭ⾡ࢆṇᙜ໬࡛ࡁ࡞࠸࡜ゝࡗ࡚ࡶ㸪௚ࡢㄽ⌮࡟ᇶ࡙࠸࡚ṇᙜ໬࡛ࡁ࡞࠸࡜ࡣ㝈ࡽ࡞࠸ࠋࡋ࠿ࡋ㸪ࡑࡢㄽ⌮ⓗ࡞᰿ᣐࡣᮍࡔ࡟♧ࡉࢀ࡚࠸࡞࠸ࠋȱ
34

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ࡢẼᣢࡕ࡟࠶ࡿព࿡࡛ㄔពࡀぢࡽࢀࡿࡀ㸪ࡑࡢࡼ࠺࡞Ỵ᩿ࡣᮏᙜ࡟ៅ㔜࡟࡞ࡉ ࢀ ࡿ ࡇ ࡜ ࡀ ಖ ド ࡉ ࢀ ࡿ ᚲ せ ࡀ ࠶ ࡿ ࠋ ࡞ ࡐ ࡞ ࡽ 㸪 ᛶ ู 㐺 ྜ ᡭ ⾡ ȱ (sexȱreassignmentȱsurgery)36ȱ ࡜୍⯡ⓗ࡟࿧ࡤࢀࡿ἞⒪ࡢ୍⎔ࡣ㸪㌟యⓗ㸪⢭⚄ⓗ㸪ࡲࡓ㔠㖹ⓗ࡞㈇ᢸࡀᴟࡵ࡚኱ࡁ࠸ࡔࡅ࡛ࡣ࡞ࡃ㸪ከࡃࡢሙྜ࡟ࡣ୙‶࡜᭦࡞ࡿ⤯ᮃ࡟⤊ࢃࡗ࡚ࡋࡲ࠸㸪ࡋ࠿ࡶ୙ྍ㏫࡛࠶ࡿࠋᛶูኚ᭦࡜ࡣἲⓗ࡞⾲⌧࠿ࡶࡋࢀ࡞࠸ࡀ㸪ᐇ㝿ࡢ࡜ࡇࢁ㸪⮬ศࡢ⏕ࡲࢀࡘࡁࡢᛶู࡟ࡘࡁࡲ࡜ࡗ࡚࠸ࡓ
ᵝࠎ࡞≉ᚩࡢ႙ኻࢆᣦࡍࡔࡅ࡛㸪ࡑࡢඛࡣ୙ዷ࡜ே⏕࡟ࢃࡓࡿ࣍ࣝࣔࣥᢞ⸆
ࡀ࠶ࡿࠋᕼᮃ㏻ࡾࡢ᪂ࡋ࠸ᛶู࡟࡞ࡗࡓ႐ࡧࡣ୍᫬ⓗ࡟ゼࢀࡣࡍࡿࡀ㸪ࡑࢀ࡜㛵㐃ࡍࡿணᮇࡏࡠ⤖ᯝ࡟ࡣᚋ࠿ࡽࡋ࠿Ẽ࡙࠿࡞࠸ࠋ෌⏕ᡭ⾡ࡀ࡝ࢇ࡞࡟Ⓨᒎࡋ࡚࠾ࡾ㸪ᡂຌࡋࡓ࡜ࡋ࡚ࡶ㸪⏕Ṫ࡞࡝ࢆྵࡵ༑ศ࡞ព࿡࡛ࡢ␗ᛶ࡟ኚࢃ
ࡿࡇ࡜ࡣ࡛ࡁ࡞࠸ࠋࡑࡢࡓࡵ㸪ࢪ࢙ࣥࢲ࣮ㄽ࡟ᡓ࠸ࢆᣮࡴࡶ࠺୍ࡘࡢ࢝ࢸࢦ
࣮ࣜࡣ㸦୍㒊㸧⛉Ꮫ⪅࡛࠶ࡿࡀ㸪ᅽຊ࡜⬣㏕࡟㈇ࡅ࡚ࡋࡲ࠺ேࡶ࠸ࡿ㹿37ȱ ᨻ἞ᐙࡣᶒ฼ࢆ୚࠼ࡿࡇ࡜ࢆ⣙᮰ࡍࡿࡇ࡜ࡀከࠎ࠶ࡿࡀ㸪ࡑࢀࡣᨭᣢ⪅ࢆቑࡸࡍࡓࡵ࡞ࡢ࡛ࡣ࡞࠸࠿࡜ࡶ⪃࠼ࡉࡏࡽࢀࡿࠋࡔ࠸ࡓ࠸㑅ᣲࡀ㏆࠸᫬࡟ࡑࡢヰࡀ
άⓎ࡟࡞ࡿࡇ࡜ࡣഅ↛࡛ࡣ࡞࠸࡛࠶ࢁ࠺ࠋȱȱȱȱȱȱȱȱȱȱȱȱȱȱȱȱȱȱȱȱȱȱȱȱȱȱȱȱȱȱȱȱȱȱȱȱȱȱȱȱȱ ȱȱȱȱȱȱȱȱȱȱȱȱȱȱȱȱȱȱȱȱȱȱȱȱȱ
ȱ㛫㐪ࡗ࡚๭ࡾᙜ࡚ࡽࢀࡓ࡜୺ᙇࡍࡿᛶูࢆᨵࡵ࡚Ỵࡵࡿࡇ࡜ࢆព࿡ࡍࡿࠋࡑࢀࡀ୍ᗘ
㝈ࡾࡢࡇ࡜࡞ࡢ࠿㸪ࡑࡶࡑࡶࡇࡢࡼ࠺࡞෌ุᐃ࣭෌ᣦᐃ࡟ᡭ⾡ࡶᚲせ࡞ࡢ࠿ࡀ᭕᫕࡛࠶
ࡿࠋࡑࡢ㐨ᚨⓗ࡞ྍྰࡣู࡜ࡋ࡚㸪⏕࿨೔⌮Ꮫ⪅ࡢ DavidȱAlbertȱJones ࡣࡼࡾ┦ᛂࡋ࠸ྡ⛠࡜ࡋ࡚ genderȱ reassignmentȱ surgery ࢆ౑ࡗ࡚࠸ࡿࡇ࡜ࡶ⯆࿡῝࠸ࠋDavidȱ A.ȱ
JONES,ȱ “Genderȱ Reassignmentȱ Surgery:ȱ Aȱ Catholicȱ Bioethicalȱ Analysis,”ȱ Theologicalȱ
Studiesȱ 79/2ȱ (2018),ȱ 314Ȭ338,ȱ https://doi.org/10.1177/0040563918766711;ȱ “Truthȱ inȱTransition?ȱGenderȱIdentityȱandȱCatholicȱAnthropology,”ȱNewȱBlackfriarsȱ99ȱ(2018),ȱ756Ȭ
774,ȱhttps://ȱdoi.org/ȱ10.1111/nbfr.12380 ࢆཧ↷ࠋࢪ࣮ࣙࣥࢬࡣ㸪ᛶู㐪࿴ࡣ⢭⚄⑓࡛࠶ࡿ࠿㌟యⓗ࡞ཎᅉࡀ࠶ࡿ࠿࡜࠸࠺஧⪅ᢥ୍ⓗ࡞⪃࠼᪉ࢆ㑊ࡅࡿࡇ࡜ࢆ່ࡵ࡚࠸ࡿࠋࡲ
ࡓ㸪ト 44 ࡟࠶ࡿᑠඣ⛉་༠఍ࡢኌ᫂ࢆࡶᢈุࡋ㸪ὀព῝ࡃㄞࡴࡼ࠺࡟࿧ࡧ࠿ࡅ࡚࠸ࡿ
㸦“TheȱAmericanȱCollegeȱofȱPediatriciansȱStatementȱonȱ‘Genderȱideology’:ȱAȱNoteȱofȱ
Caution,”ȱCatholicȱMedicalȱQuarterly,ȱVolumeȱ67(3)ȱAugustȱ2017,ȱhttp://www.cmq.org.uk/ȱ
CMQ/2017/Aug/ȱCommentȬonȬgenderȬideology.html㸧ࠋȱ
37ȱ◊✲⪅࠿ࡽࡢࢪ࢙ࣥࢲ࣮ㄽࡢᢈุ࡟㛵ࡋ࡚㸪ཧ⪃ᩥ⊩࡟ᣲࡆ࡚࠸ࡿⴭసࢆཧ↷ࠋࡑࡢከࡃࡣ་ᖌ࡟ࡼࡗ࡚ᇳ➹ࡉࢀ࡚࠸ࡿࠋ↓ㄽ㸪཯ᑐഃ࡟ࡶᚲࡎ␗࡞ࡿពぢࢆᥖࡆࡿ◊✲⪅ࡀ࠸ࡿࠋࡘࡲࡾ㸪ྡ๓ࡢᚋࢁ࡟༤ኈྕࡀ࠶ࡿࡔࡅ࡛඲࡚ࡢேࡢ඲࡚ࡢⓎゝࢆ㬼࿐ࡳ࡟ࡍࡿᚲせࡀ࡞࠸࡜࠸࠺ࡇ࡜ࢆࡑࡇ࠿ࡽᏛ࡭ࡿࡢ࡛ࡣ࡞࠸࠿ࠋ࠶ࡿ࠸ࡣ㸪ṧᛕ࡞ࡇ࡜࡟㸪ࡇࡢࡼ࠺࡞ಙᩍ࡛ࡣ࡞ࡃ⛉Ꮫࢆࡵࡄࡿ⌮ㄽࡀ㐍ࡵࡤ㐍ࡴ࡯࡝㸪ከࡃࡢேࠎࡣ⛉Ꮫ࡟ᑐࡍࡿ
ಙ㢗ࢆኻࡗ࡚࠸ࡃࡇ࡜ࡶᠱᛕࡉࢀࡿࠋȱ
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ࡋ࠿ࡋ㸪☜࠿࡟♫఍ⓗ㸪ᨻ἞ⓗ࡟ࡼࡾ኱ࡁ࡞ၥ㢟࡜࡞ࡿࡢࡣ㸪ᡭ⾡ࡍࡿࡇ࡜࡞ࡃ㸪ぢࡓ┠ࡸ᭹⿦ࢆኚ࠼࡞࠸ࡲࡲ࡛㸪༢࡟␗࡞ࡿࢪ࢙ࣥࢲ࣮ࢆ୺ᙇࡋ⏨Ꮚ࡛ࡶዪᏊ࡛ࡶ࡞࠸ูࡢ࢝ࢸࢦ࣮ࣜࡢࢺ࢖ࣞ㸦ࣟࢵ࣮࢝㸪ࢩ࣮࣮࣒ࣕ࣡ࣝ㸪ࢩ࢙ࣝࢱ࣮㸪ฮົᡤ㸪ࢫ࣏࣮ࢶࢳ࣮࣒࡞࡝㸧࡬ࡢ࢔ࢡࢭࢫࢆ୺ᙇࡍࡿࡢ࡛ࡣ࡞ࡃ㸪ࡴࠊࠊࠊࡋࢁ⮬ศࡢ⏕ࡲࢀࡘࡁࡢᛶูࡢࡲࡉ࡟཯ᑐࡢᛶูࢆ୺ᙇࡋ㸪ࡑࡢࡼ࠺࡟ㄆࡵࡽ
ࢀࡿࡇ࡜ࢆせồࡍࡿ࡜࠸࠺⌧㇟࡛࠶ࡿ㹿38ȱ ࡲࡓ㸪ゝㄽࡢ⮬⏤ࡶၥ㢟どࡉࢀ㸪ὶ⾜ࡋ࡚࠸ࡿ⪃࠼᪉࡟ྜࢃ࡞࠸࡜◊✲⪅࡜ࡋ࡚ㄽᩥࢆฟ∧ࡉࡏ࡚ࡶࡽ࠼࡞࠿ࡗࡓ
ࡾ㸪┦ᡭ࡟ᑐࡋ࡚㛫㐪ࡗࡓ௦ྡモࢆ౑ࡗࡓࡀᨾ࡟ゎ㞠ࡉࢀࡓࡾࡍࡿࡢࡶἲⓗ࡟኱ࡁ࡞ၥ㢟࡛࠶ࡾ㸪ࡇࢀ࠿ࡽࡶ⥆ࡃ࡛࠶ࢁ࠺ࠋ⓶⫗࡞ࡇ࡜࡟㸪ከᵝᛶࢆㅻ࠸࡞
ࡀࡽࡶ㸪ᢈุࡸ཯ᑐࡢពぢࢆࡼࡾᜍࢀ㸪ࡑࢀࢆ୍ᴫ࡟ᣄྰࡍࡿࡢࡣࢪ࢙ࣥࢲ࣮
ㄽࢆၐ࠼ࡿάືᐙ࡛࠶ࡿࠋࡲࡓ㸪ᛶ⮬ㄆࡢࡓࡵ࡟୙฼┈ࢆ⿕ࡿࡇ࡜ࡀ࠶ࡗ࡚ࡣ
࡞ࡽ࡞࠸࡟ࡶ࠿࠿ࢃࡽࡎ㸪ᛶ⮬ㄆࢆㄆࡵ࡞࠸ேࡢ୙฼┈ࡸ㸪ᛶู㐺ྜᡭ⾡ࢆ່ࡵ࡞࠸་⪅࣭◊✲⪅ࡢពぢࡣ࡞࠿࡞࠿㓄៖ࡋ࡞࠸ࠋࡸࡸࡶࡍࡿ࡜⮬ศࡓࡕ࡜␗
࡞ࢀࡤ࡝ࢇ࡞ពぢ࡛ࡶ࠸࡜ࡶ⡆༢࡟ hateȱ speech ࡜ࣞࢵࢸࣝࢆ㈞ࡿࡢ࡛࠶ࡿࠋᅛᐃほᛕ࡟ᅃࢃࢀ࡚࠸ࡿ㡹ᅛ⪅࡜ඛ࡟ゝࢃࢀࡿ࡜ఱࡢ㆟ㄽࡶ⥆࠿࡞ࡃ࡞ࡿࠋࡋ
࠿ࡶ㸪୍ࡘࡢⅬ࡛㈶ᡂࡋ࡞࠸ேࡣ㸪ࡑࡢ┦ᡭࡢ඲Ꮡᅾࢆྰᐃࡍࡿࡇ࡜࡟࡞ࡿ࡜
࠸࠺ࡇ࡜ࡶ࡞࠿࡞࠿๓௦ᮍ⪺࡛࠶ࡿࠋ☜࠿࡟㸪஘ᭀ࡞ゝⴥ㐵࠸࡞࡝࡛ேࢆ㓞ࡃയࡘࡅࡿࡇ࡜ࡶྍ⬟࡛ࡣ࠶ࡿࡀ㸪ேࡢせồࢆࡇ࡜ࡈ࡜ࡃ↓᮲௳࡟㸪ࡘࡲࡾ᰿ᣐࡸಖドࡀ࡞࠸ࡲࡲ࡟ཷࡅධࢀ࡞࠸ࡇ࡜ࡀ࡞ࡐ hateful ࡛࠶ࡿ࠿ࡀ࠿࡞ࡾ୙࡛᫂
࠶ࡿࠋȱ࡛ࡣ㸪࡞ࡐᏊ౪ࡢᩍ⫱ࡀࡑࢇ࡞࡟ၥ㢟どࡉࢀ࡚࠸ࡿࡢ࠿ࠋ୍ゝ࡛ゝ࠺࡞ࡽࡤ㸪Ꮚ౪ࡣⱝࡅࢀࡤⱝ࠸࡯࡝ᰂ㌾࡛࠶ࡾ㸪࿘ࡾࡢ่⃭࡟ࡼࡗ࡚ᕥྑࡉࢀࡸࡍ࠸ࡔࡅ
࡛ࡣ࡞ࡃ㸪⮬ศ⮬㌟ࡢ⪃࠼᪉ࡣࡲࡔࡣࡗࡁࡾ࡜ࡋ࡞࠸ࠋ⏕Ṫ࡜ࡣఱ࠿㸪୙ዷ࡜ȱȱȱȱȱȱȱȱȱȱȱȱȱȱȱȱȱȱȱȱȱȱȱȱȱȱȱȱȱȱȱȱȱȱȱȱȱȱȱȱ ȱȱȱȱȱȱȱȱȱȱȱȱȱȱȱȱȱȱȱȱȱȱȱȱȱ
38ȱ⓶⫗࡞ࡇ࡜࡟㸪ᛶูࡢ㐪࠸ࡸ⬻ࡢᛶࢆྰᐃࡋ࡚࠸ࡿ Ginaȱ RIPPON ࡞࡝ࡢࡼ࠺࡞◊✲⪅࡛ࡉ࠼㸪ᛶูኚ᭦ࡢྍ⬟ᛶࢆᢈุࡋ࡚࠸ࡿࠋ⏨ዪ࡜࠸࠺࢝ࢸࢦ࣮ࣜࡀᏑᅾࡋ࡞࠸࡞ࡽ㸪௒࠶ࡿࡶࡢ࠿ࡽูࡢࡼࡾⰋ࠸ࡶࡢ࡟ኚ࠼ࡿࡇ࡜ࡶ▩┪࡜ࡋ࡚ᤊ࠼ࡽࢀࡿࡋ࠿࡞࠸ࡢ࡛
࠶ࡿࠋࡲࡓ㸪ᛶูࡣព⩏ࢆᣢࡓࡎࢪ࢙ࣥࢲ࣮ࡣ᪩ᮇ࡟ᙧᡂࡋ┤ࡏࡿ࡜ᥦၐࡋ࡚࠸ࡓ Johnȱ
MONEY ࡶ࢖ࣥࢱ࣮ࢭࢵࢡࢫࡀ⏨ዪ࡜␗࡞ࡿ࢝ࢸࢦ࣮࡛ࣜ࠶ࡿࡇ࡜ࢆᣄྰࡋ㸪⏨ᛶ࠿ዪᛶ࠿࡝ࡕࡽ࠿ࢆ㑅ᢥࡍࡿࡇ࡜ࡢᚲせᛶࢆᙉㄪࡋ࡚࠸ࡿࠋȱ

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ࡣఱ࠿㸪⏨ᛶ࡛࠶ࡿࡇ࡜࡜ዪᛶ࡛࠶ࡿࡇ࡜࡜ࡣ㸦᭹⿦ࡸయࡢぢࡓ┠௨እ࡟㸧ఱ࠿ࢆ࡝ࡇࡲ࡛⌮ゎࡋ࡚࠸ࡿࡔࢁ࠺࠿ࠋࡑࡢࡼ࠺࡞⌧ᐇ࡜᝿ീࢆ༊ูࡋ࡟ࡃ࠸Ꮚ
౪ࡢ୺ᙇࢆ┿࡟ཷࡅ࡚㸪ㄔពࡀ࠶ࡗ࡚ࡶ㸪ࡑࢀ࡟ࡍࡄ㐺ᛂࡋ࡚࠶ࡆࡓ࠸࡜࠸࠺
Ẽᣢࡕ࡟ࡣከࡃࡢ༴㝤ࡀ₯ࢇ࡛࠸ࡿࠋ☜࠿࡟㸪኱ே࡟࡞ࡗ࡚࠿ࡽ࡛ࡶᙉࡃᛶู
㐪࿴࡟ᝎࡴே㸪⮬ศࡢࢪ࢙ࣥࢲ࣮ࡣࡳ࡞ࡀᛮ࠺ࡢ࡜㐪࠺࡜᰿ᙉࡃឤࡌࡿேࡢከ
ࡃࡣ㸪ࡑࢀࢆᑠࡉ࠸᫬࠿ࡽணឤࡢࡳ࡞ࡽࡎ☜ಙࡋ࡚࠸ࡓ࡜ゝࡗ࡚࠸ࡿࠋࡋ࠿ࡋ㸪ࡑࢀࡣㄽ⌮ⓗ࡟⪃࠼ࡿ࡞ࡽ㸪඲࡚ࡢᏊ౪ࡀ☜ಙࡋ࡚࠸ࡿࡇ࡜ࡣ኱ே࡟࡞ࡿࡲ࡛
⥆ࡁ㸪ቑࡍࡤ࠿ࡾࡔࢁ࠺࡜࠸࠺ࡇ࡜࡟ゝ࠸᥮࠼ࡽࢀࡿࢃࡅ࡛ࡣ࡞࠸ࠋࡴࡋࢁ㸪ࡑࡢ཯ᑐ࡛࠶ࡿࠋ⤒㦂࡟ᇶ࡙࠸࡚㸪⣙ 80Ȭ90㸣ࡢ genderȱ nonȬconforming ࡞Ꮚ౪ࡣఱࡶࡋ࡞ࡃ࡚ࡶᛮ᫓ᮇࢆ㐣ࡂ࡚㸪ᛶู㐪࿴ࢆゎᾘࡋ㸪᭱⤊ⓗ࡟ၥ㢟࡞ࡃ⮬ศࡢ⏕ࡲࢀࡘࡁࡢᛶูࢆཷࡅṆࡵࡿ㸪࠶ࡿ࠸ࡣ㸪ࡑࢀࢆ⮬ศࡽࡋࡃ⾲⌧ࡍࡿ᪉ἲࢆぢࡘࡅࡿ࡟⮳ࡿࡇ࡜ࡀศ࠿ࡗ࡚࠸ࡿ㹿39ȱ ࡶࡋࡃࡣ㸪ࡑࡢ୍㒊ࡣྠᛶឡ⪅ࡢዪᛶ࡜⏨ᛶ࡜࡟ᡂ㛗ࡍࡿࡔࡅ࡛㸪ఱࡢ἞⒪ࡸᛶู㐺ྜᡭ⾡㸪ࡲࡋ࡚ࡸ␗ᛶࡢࢺ
࢖ࣞ࡬ࡢධᐊ࡜ࡑࡢ౑⏝ࢆồࡵࡿࡇ࡜࡞ࡋ࡟⏕ࡁࡿࡇ࡜ࡀ࡛ࡁࡿࡼ࠺࡟࡞ࡿ㸪࡜࠸࠺ഴྥࡀぢࡽࢀ࡚࠸ࡿࠋࡓ࡜࠼ᛶู㐪࿴ࡀ⥆ࡁ㸪᭱⤊ⓗ࡟㌿᥮㸦transition㸧ࢆồࡵࡿࡇ࡜࡟Ỵࡵࡓ࡜ࡋ࡚ࡶ㸪᰿ᮏⓗ࡞ၥ㢟࡞ࡢࡣࡲࡎࡑࢀࢆチࡉࢀࡿᖺ㱋࡛࠶ࡿ࡜࡜ࡶ࡟㸪እ⛉ࡸෆศἪ⛉ࡔࡅ࡛ࡣ࡞ࡃ⢭⚄⛉࡟ࡼࡿ࢝࢘ࣥࢭࣜࣥࢢࡶ
Ḟ࠿ࡏ࡞࠸ࠋ࡞ࡐ࡞ࡽ㸪ከࡃࡢሙྜ࡟ࡣᛶู㐪࿴࡜ྜేࡋู࡚ࡢ⢭⚄⑌ᝈࢆᢪ࠼ࡿேࡶከ࠸࠿ࡽ࡛࠶ࡿࡋ㸪ᛶูࢆᡭ⾡࡟ࡼࡗ࡚࠶ࡿ࠸ࡣἲⓗ࡟ኚ᭦ࡋࡓࡔࡅ
࡛඲࡚ࡢⴱ⸨ࡀゎᾘࡍࡿࢃࡅ࡛ࡣ࡞࠸࠿ࡽ࡛࠶ࡿ㹿40ȱ ࡜ࡇࢁࡀ㸪ከࡃࡢሙྜࡇ
ȱȱȱȱȱȱȱȱȱȱȱȱȱȱȱȱȱȱȱȱȱȱȱȱȱȱȱȱȱȱȱȱȱȱȱȱȱȱȱȱ ȱȱȱȱȱȱȱȱȱȱȱȱȱȱȱȱȱȱȱȱȱȱȱȱȱ
ȱࡲࡉࡋࡃᏊ౪ࡢᛶู㐪࿴ࡢ἞⒪࡟ᦠࢃࡗ࡚࠸ࡓࢺࣟࣥࢺࡢᚰ⌮ኈࡢ Kennethȱ ZUCKER
ࡀ཯ᑐ㐠ືࡢᑐ㇟࡟࡞ࡾ㸪ࡑࡢࢡࣜࢽࢵࢡࡀ 2015 ᖺ࡟㛢㙐ࡉࢀࡓࢣ࣮ࢫࡶ▱ࡽࢀ࡚࠸ࡿࠋ⓶⫗࡞ࡇ࡜࡟㸪ᙼࡣ኱ேࡢሙྜ࡟ᛶู㐺ྜᡭ⾡ࢆᇶᮏⓗ࡟ᣄྰࡏࡎ㸪㐍ࡵ࡚࠸ࡓ་
ᖌ࡛࠶ࡿࠋࡇࡢ㛵㐃࡛㸪BBC2 ࡢࢩ࣮ࣜࢬ ThisȱWorld ࡢ࢚ࣆࢯ࣮ࢻȱ “TransgenderȱKids:ȱWhoȱ Knowsȱ Best?”ȱ (2017),ȱ https://vimeo.com/217950594 ࡀཧ⪃࡟࡞ࡿࠋࢬ࣮࢝ẶࡶⓏ
ሙࡍࡿ␒⤌࡛࠶ࡿࠋ࡜ࡇࢁ࡛㸪ᨺ㏦ᚋ㛫ࡶ࡞ࡃ BBC ࡟ᑐࡍࡿ཯ㄽࡀᙉࡃ㸪࢖ࣥࢱ࣮ࢿ
ࢵࢺ࠿ࡽ᧔ᅇࡉࢀࡓࡇ࡜ࡶ♧၀῝࠸ࠋȱ
40 ȱⱞ③࡜ⴱ⸨ࡢཎᅉ࡛࠶ࡿ⏕ࡲࢀࡘࡁࡢ⏕≀Ꮫⓗ࡞ᛶูࡢᣄ⤯ࡣ㸪ࡑࡢ⑞㊧ࢆษ㝖ࡍࡿᡭ⾡ࡸ἞⒪࡟ࡼࡗ࡚ᢚ࠼ࡽࢀࡿ࠿ࡶࡋࢀ࡞࠸ࡀ㸪ᕼᮃ㏻ࡾࡢ᪂ࡋ࠸ูࡢᛶูࢆᚓࡿࡇ
࡜ࡶ≀⌮ⓗ࡟୙ྍ⬟࡞ࡔࡅ࡛ࡣ࡞ࡃ㸪ᣄྰࡋ࡚࠸ࡿᮏ᮶ࡢᛶู࡬ࡢ៿ࢀࡀᾘ࠼ࡿࡇ࡜
ࡀ࡞࠸ࠋゝ࠸᥮࠼ࢀࡤ㸪㸦⮬ศ࠶ࡿ࠸ࡣ௚ேࡀᐃ⩏ࡍࡿࡼ࠺࡞㸧⏨ᛶ࡛࠶ࡾᚓ࡞࠸㸪ࡑ
39

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ࡢᚰࡢࢣ࢔ࡀᛰࡽࢀ㸪ࡲࡓࡣᨺ⨨ࡉࢀ࡚࠸ࡿࠋࡶࡋࡑ࠺ࡔ࡜ࡍࢀࡤ㸪ࢪ࢙ࣥࢲ࣮ㄽ㐠ືࡣᏊ౪ࡢᝎࡲࡋ࠸≧ែ࡟ᛂ࠼ࡼ࠺࡜ࡋ࡚࠸ࡿࡢ࡛ࡣ࡞ࡃ㸪ࡴࡋࢁࡑࡢ
ΰ஘ࢆᙉࡵ࡚࠸ࡿࠋࡋࡓࡀࡗ࡚㸪ࡲࡎᛶู㐪࿴ࡢᝈ⪅࡛࠶ࡿᏊ౪⮬㌟ࡢ㌟ࡢᏳ඲ࡢࡓࡵ࡟ genderȱaffirmativeȱtreatment ࢆᏳ᫆࡟ཷࡅධࢀࡿ࡭ࡁ࡛ࡣ࡞࠸ࠋ୍
⯡ⓗ࡟㸪ఱࡶࡋ࡞࠸࡜⮬ẅࡢࣜࢫࢡࡀ㧗࠸࡜࠸࠺ࡇ࡜ࡀṇᙜ໬⌮⏤࡜ࡋ࡚ᣲࡆ
ࡽࢀࡿࡋ㸪☜࠿࡟୍㒊ࡢࢣ࣮ࢫࡣࡑ࠺࠿ࡶࡋࢀ࡞࠸ࠋࡋ࠿ࡋ࡞ࡀࡽ㸪ఱࡼࡾၥ㢟࡞ࡢࡣྠ➼ࡢຠᯝࢆᣢࡘ௦᭰⟇ࡀ௚࡟࡞࠸࠿࡝࠺࠿ࡀ඲ࡃࢸ࣮࣐࡟ࡉࢀ࡞࠸
ࡇ࡜㸪ࡑࢀ࠿ࡽᛶู㐺ྜᡭ⾡ࢆࡋࡓ࡜ࡋ࡚ࡶ୍᫬ⓗ࡞ᨵၿࡢᚋ࡟ࡸࡣࡾ⮬ẅ⋡ࡀ኱ࡁࡃୗࡀࡽ࡞࠸⌧㇟41ȱ ࢆ࡝࠺ホ౯ࡍࡿ࠿㸪࡜࠸࠺ࡇ࡜࡛࠶ࡿࠋࡑࢀ࡟㸪ከࡃࡢሙྜぶ⮬㌟ࡀᛶู㐪࿴࡟ᝎࢇࡔࡾ㸪ᛶู࡟ࡘ࠸࡚ㄗゎࡀ࠶ࡾࢪ࢙ࣥࢲ࣮࡞
ࡋ࡟Ꮚ౪ࢆ⫱࡚ࡿࡇ࡜ࡀ࡛ࡁࡿ࡜຺㐪࠸ࡋࡓࡾࡍࡿࡇ࡜ࡀ࠶ࡿࠋ࡜ࡍࡿ࡜㸪Ꮚ౪⮬㌟ࡢ᭱ၿࢆ┠ᣦࡍ࡜࠿㸪ࡑࡢⱞ③ࢆ㍍ῶࡋࡓ࠸࡜࠿࡜࠸࠺ࡼࡾࡶ⮬ศࡢぢ᪉ࢆᢲࡋ௜ࡅ㸪ᙜ↛Ꮚ౪ࡣࡑࢀ࡟⡆༢࡟ᙳ㡪ࡉࢀࡿࡔࡅࡔ࡜ゝࡗ࡚ࡶ㐣ゝ࡛ࡣ࡞࠸ࠋே㛫ࡢᮏᛶࡣ☜࠿࡟ᩍ⫱ࡸ⮬ศࡢດຊ࡟ࡼࡗ࡚㐪࠺ᙧ࡟࡛ࡁࡿࡶࡢࡢ㸪඲ࡃ␗࡞ࡿࡶࡢ࡟࡛ࡁࡿ࡜ࡣ㝈ࡽ࡞࠸ࠋࡎࡗ࡜⤯ᑐⓗ࡟ྠ୍ࡢࡶࡢ࡛࠶ࡿ࠿㸪ᖖ࡟ኚࢃࡾࡘࡘ㸪࠶ࡿ࠸ࡣఱ࡟࡛ࡶ࡞ࢀࡿ࠿㸪ࡑࡢ 2 ࡘࡢᴟ➃ࡋ࠿࡞࠸ࢃࡅ࡛
ࡣ࡞࠸ࡢ࡛࠶ࡿࠋȱ
๓㏙ࡢࡈ࡜ࡃ㸪ࡑࡇࡲ࡛㔜኱࡞Ỵ᩿ࡣᬑẁಖㆤ⪅࡟௵ࡉࢀ㸪ಖㆤ⪅ࡢᢎㅙࡀ࠶ࡗ࡚ࡶ⏕࿨⥔ᣢ࡟ᚲせ࡛࡞ࡅࢀࡤࡑࢀ࡯࡝࡟༴㝤࡞἞⒪ࡣᮍᡂᖺ࡟ࡣࡉࡏࡿ
࡭ࡁ࡛ࡣ࡞࠸ࠋ၏୍౛እࡀ㐺⏝ࡉࢀ࡚࠸ࡿࡢࡣ࡞ࡐ࠿ࡇࡢࢪ࢙ࣥࢲ࣮ㄽ࡟ᇶ࡙
ࡃ“࣍ࣝࣔࣥ἞⒪”࡛࠶ࡿࠋࡶ࡜ࡶ࡜ࡣ 16 ṓ௨ୖࡀ᭱పࡢ᮲௳࡛㸦ᡭ⾡⮬యࡣȱȱȱȱȱȱȱȱȱȱȱȱȱȱȱȱȱȱȱȱȱȱȱȱȱȱȱȱȱȱȱȱȱȱȱȱȱȱȱȱ ȱȱȱȱȱȱȱȱȱȱȱȱȱȱȱȱȱȱȱȱȱȱȱȱȱ
ࢀ࡛ࡶ↓ព㆑ࡢ࠺ࡕ࡟⏨ᛶ࡛࠶ࡾࡓ࠸࡜࠸࠺ᦶ᧿ࡣ⏨ᛶ࡛࠶ࡿࡇ࡜ࢆࡸࡵࡿࡇ࡜࡟ࡼ
ࡗ࡚ゎᾘࡉࢀࡿࢃࡅ࡛ࡣ࡞࠸ࡢ࡛࠶ࡿࠋȱ41 ȱ୍ ␒ ⴭࡋ࠸ ⤖ᯝ ࢆ♧ ࡍࡢ ࡣ௒ ࡲ࡛ ᭱ࡶ 㛗ᮇ ⓗ࡞ ◊✲ ࡛࠶ ࡿ㸪 ࢫࢺ ࢵࢡ ࣍ࣝ ࣒ࡢ
KarolinskaȱInstitutet ࡟ࡼࡿࡶࡢ࡛࠶ࡿ㸦CeciliaȱDHEJNEȱetȱal.,ȱ“LongȬTermȱFollowȬUpȱ
ofȱ Transsexualȱ Personsȱ Undergoingȱ Sexȱ Reassignmentȱ Surgery:ȱ Cohortȱ Studyȱ inȱ
Sweden,”ȱPLoSȱONEȱ6,ȱ22ȱFebruaryȱ2011,ȱhttps://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0016885
ࢆཧ↷㸧ࠋࡑࢀ࡟ࡼࡿ࡜ᛶู㐺ྜᡭ⾡ᚋ࡟ࡶ⮬ẅ⋡ࡀୗࡀࡿ࡝ࡇࢁ࠿㸪ࡴࡋࢁୖࡀࡿഴྥࡀぢࡽࢀࡿࠋࡑࢀ࡟ࡼࡗ࡚㸪୍้ࡶ᪩ࡃᡭ⾡ࢆࡋ࡞࠸࡜ᛶู㐪࿴ࡀ⦆࿴ࡉࢀࡎ㸪⮬ẅ࡟⮳ࡾ࠿ࡡ࡞࠸࡜࠸࠺⚄ヰࡀᚲࡎࡋࡶ஦ᐇ࡟ᇶ࡙࠸࡚࠸࡞࠸ࡇ࡜ࡀศ࠿ࡿࠋȱ

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18 ṓ࠿ࡽ㸧ࡔࡗࡓࡀ㸪௒ࡣᚎࠎ࡟ᘬࡁୗࡆࡽࢀ㸪12 ṓࡸ㸪ሙྜ࡟ࡼࡗ࡚ࡣ 8 ṓ㸪
6 ṓ࠿ࡽఱࡽ࠿ࡢ transition ࢆጞࡵࡿ࡜࠸࠺ࢽ࣮ࣗࢫࡶ⪥࡟ධࡿࠋࡑࡇ୍࡛␒
ࡢㄽⅬࡣゝ࠺ࡲ࡛ࡶ࡞ࡃᛮ᫓ᮇࡢࡇ࡜࡛࠶ࡿࠋ୍᪉࡛ࡣ㸪ᨭᣢ⪅࠿ࡽぢࢀࡤ୍⮴ࡋ࡞࠸࡜ᛮࢃࢀࡿᛶู࠿ࡽ୍้ࡶ᪩ࡃ㐲ࡊ࠿ࡿࡓࡵ࡟㸪ࡑࢀࡀᛮ᫓ᮇ࡛᏶ᡂ
ࡍࡿࡇ࡜ࢆ㑊ࡅࡿࡇ࡜ࡀ୍␒᭷฼࡛࠶ࡿ࡜࠸࠺Ⓨ᝿ࡀ࠶ࡿ㹿42ȱ ௚᪉࡛ࡣ㸪཯ㄽࡍࡿே࡟ゝࢃࡏࢀࡤ㸪ᛮ᫓ᮇࡣࡓࡔዪᛶࡀ┿ࡢព࿡࡛ዪᛶ࡟࡞ࡿࡇ࡜ࢆព࿡ࡍ
ࡿࡔࡅ࡛ࡣ࡞ࡃ㸪ࡘࡲࡾ⏕Ṫᶵ⬟ࡀᡂ⇍ࡍࡿࡔࡅ࡛ࡣ࡞ࡃ㸪య඲యࡢㅖࠎࡢࣉ
ࣟࢭࢫ࡟ᙳ㡪ࡀ࠶ࡿࠋᛮ᫓ᮇࡣ࠸ࢃࡺࡿ pubertyȱ blockingȱ hormones ࡟ࡼࡗ࡚ከᑡ㐜ࡽࡏࡿࡇ࡜ࡀᢏ⾡ⓗ࡟ྍ⬟࠿ࡶࡋࢀ࡞࠸ࡀ㸪୍ᅇ㏨ࡋ࡚ࡋࡲ࠼ࡤ㸪2 ᗘ࡜ྠࡌព࿡࡛෌㛤ࡉࡏࡿࡇ࡜ࡶ࡛ࡁࡎ㸪crossȬsexȱhormones ࢆᢞ୚ࡋ࡚ࡶ᏶඲
࡟␗ᛶ࡟ኚࢃࡿࡇ࡜ࡣ୙ྍ⬟࡛࠶ࡿࠋṧ㓞࡟⪺ࡇ࠼ࡿࡀ㸪ඖࠎࡢ⮬ศࢆኻ࠸㸪᪂ࡋ࠸⮬ศࢆᚓ࡞࠸㸪࡜ゝ࠺ࡇ࡜࡟➼ࡋ࠸ࠋࡉ࡚㸪ࡇࡢࡼ࠺࡞Ỵ᩿ࢆࡲࡔẼࡀኚࢃࡿ࠿ࡶࡋࢀ࡞࠸㸪ࡓࡔࢯ࣮ࢩ࣓ࣕࣝࢹ࢕࢔43ȱ ࡞࡝࠿ࡽከ኱࡞ᙳ㡪ࢆཷࡅ࡚ࡋࡲࡗࡓ࠿ࡶࡋࢀ࡞࠸࡜࠸࠺ 11 ṓࡢᏊ౪࡟ࡉࡏࡿࡇ࡜ࡣᯝࡓࡋ࡚೔⌮ⓗࡔࢁ࠺࠿ࠋ࠸ࡸ㸪ே㐨ⓗࡔࢁ࠺࠿ࠋࡲࡉ࡟ࡇࢀࡀཎᅉ࡛㸪ከࡃࡢᑠඣ⛉་ࡀኌࢆᙇ
ȱȱȱȱȱȱȱȱȱȱȱȱȱȱȱȱȱȱȱȱȱȱȱȱȱȱȱȱȱȱȱȱȱȱȱȱȱȱȱȱ ȱȱȱȱȱȱȱȱȱȱȱȱȱȱȱȱȱȱȱȱȱȱȱȱȱ
ȱ㏆ᖺ㸪୺࡟Ḣ⡿ㅖᅜ࡛ᮍᡂᖺࡢᛶ㌿᥮ࡢ⏦ࡋฟࡀቑ࠼ࡿ࡟ࡘࢀ㸪genderȱmedicine ࡢ἞⒪ࡢᥦ౪ྍ⬟ᛶࡶ⃭ቑࡋ࡚࠸ࡿࠋࡋ࠿ࡶ㸪ࡑࡢ㛵ಀࡣᚲࡎࡋࡶ㟂せ౪⤥ࡢ㛵ಀࡔ࡜ࡣ㝈ࡽࡎ㸪ࡴࡋࢁᚠ⎔ⓗ࡞㛵ಀ࡞ࡢ࡛ࡣ࡞࠸࠿࡜␲ࢃࢀࡿࠋ࡜࡟࠿ࡃ㸪◊✲ࡀ୙༑ศ࡛ศ࠿
ࡽ࡞࠸ࡇ࡜ࡀከ࠸࡟ࡶ࠿࠿ࢃࡽࡎ㸪ࡇࡇࡲ࡛᜛ពⓗ࡟㸪࠿ࡘᠱ࿨࡟࣍ࣝࣔࣥ἞⒪ࢆ່ࡵ
ࡿࡢࡣ๓௦ᮍ⪺࡛࠶ࡿࠋ“Littleȱ isȱ knownȱ aboutȱ theȱ effectsȱ ofȱ pubertyȱ blockers,”ȱ TheȱEconomist,ȱ 20ȱ Februaryȱ 2021,ȱ https://www.economist.com/scienceȬandȬtechnology/ȱ
2021/02/20/littleȬisȬknownȬaboutȬtheȬeffectsȬofȬpubertyȬblockers;ȱ Jamesȱ M.ȱ CANTOR,ȱ
“Transgenderȱ andȱ Genderȱ Diverseȱ Childrenȱ andȱ Adolescents:ȱ FactȬCheckingȱ ofȱ AAPȱPolicy,”ȱ Journalȱ ofȱ Sexȱ &ȱ Maritalȱ Therapy,ȱ 46:4ȱ (2020),ȱ 307Ȭ313,ȱ https://doi.org/10.1080/ȱ
0092623X.2019.1698481 ࢆཧ↷ࠋȱ
43ȱ≉࡟ 10 ௦ࡢዪࡢᏊ࡬ࡢ SNS ࡢᙳ㡪ࢆᥦၐࡋ㸪ㄪᰝࡋ㸪⌮ㄽࢆ❧࡚ࡓࡇ࡜࡛ヰ㢟࡟࡞ࡗ࡚࠸ࡿࡢࡣ Abigailȱ SHRIER ࡛࠶ࡿࠋࡑࡢࡓࡵ࡟ࡍࡄከࡃࡢ⬣㏕ࡶཷࡅࡓࡇ࡜ࡀ▱ࡽࢀ࡚࠸ࡿࠋ☜࠿࡟㸪ఱᗘࡶዲࡁ࡞ࡼ࠺࡟ࣉࣟࣇ࢓࢖ࣝࢆసࡾ㸪సࡾ┤ࡋ㸪ὀ┠ࢆᾎࡧࡿࡓ
ࡵᯫ✵ࡢ࢔࢖ࢹࣥࢸ࢕ࢸ࢕ࢆసࡾୖࡆ㸪ሙྜ࡟ࡼࡗ࡚ࡣྠ᫬࡟࠸ࡃࡘࡶࡢ͆ே᱁͇ࢆ
ᣢࡘࡇ࡜ࡀ࡛ࡁࡿࢯ࣮ࢩ࣓ࣕࣝࢹ࢕࢔ࡀ⮬ᑛᚰࡢ༴࠺࠸ⱝ⪅࡟ከ኱࡞ᙳ㡪ࢆ୚࠼࡚ࡋ
ࡲ࠺ࡢࡣ࠾࠿ࡋࡃ࡞࠸ࠋ⮬ศ࡜ྠࡌᝎࡳࢆᣢࡘேࢆぢࡘࡅࡿ࡜ࡲࡍࡲࡍ⮬ᕫ⫯ᐃឤࡀᙉࡲࡿࠋࡋ࠿ࡶ㸪ࡑࡢ཯㠃㸪ࢯ࣮ࢩ࣓ࣕࣝࢹ࢕࢔ࡣ⏬୍໬ࡉࢀࡓ⨾ⓗព㆑ࢆᐃࡵ㸪Ỉ‽ࢆୖࡆ㸪ࣉࣞࢵࢩ࣮ࣕࢆཬࡰࡍࠋࡑࢀ࡟㐩ࡉ࡞࠸㸪㐩ࡏ࡞࠸㸪㐩ࡋࡓࡃ࡞࠸ⱝ⪅ࡣ㸪࠶࠼࡚㐪࠺ࡶࡢ࡛࠶ࡿࡇ࡜࡟㄂ࡾࢆᣢࡕࡓ࠸ࡢ࡛ࡣ࡞࠸࠿ࠋȱ
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ࡾୖࡆ࡚㸪⃭ࡋ࠸⬣㏕ࡸ㏕ᐖ࡟⪏࠼࡞ࡀࡽࡶ㸪Ẽᣢࡕࡀᅔ㞴࡛࠶ࡿࡇ࡜ࡔࡅࢆ
⌮⏤࡟ᛮ᫓ᮇࢆ㐜ࡽࡏࡓࡾ㸪㑊ࡅࡓࡾ㸪⤊ࢃࡽࡏࡓࡾࡍࡿࡇ࡜ࡀ೺ᗣ࡟ᨭ㞀ࢆ᮶ࡓࡋ࠿ࡡ࡞࠸㸪యእཷ⢭ࢆࡶྵࡴ୍⏕࡟⥆ࡃ୙ዷࢆࡶࡓࡽࡋ㸪ࡶࡋࡑࢀࢆ୍᪉ⓗ࡟ぶࡀ⮬ศࡢ㊃࿡࡛Ꮚ౪࡟ᢲࡋ௜ࡅࡿࡢ࡛࠶ࢀࡤ㸪⹢ᚅ⾜Ⅽ࡟ࡍࡽ࠶ࡓࡿ㸪࡞࡝࡜୺ᙇࡋ࡚࠸ࡿ㹿44ȱ ஦ᐇ㸪ᚋ࡟ᚋ᜼ࡋࡓᙜ஦⪅ࡓࡕࡣ㸪ࡇࡢᛶูኚ᭦ࡢࣉࣟ
ࢭࢫࡣពእ࡜⡆༢ࡔࡗࡓ࡜ゝࡗ࡚࠸ࡿࠋᢲࡋ㎸ࡲࢀ࡚࠸ࡓ࡜ࡣゝࢃ࡞࠸ࡲ࡛ࡶ㸪ᩘᅇࡢ࢝࢘ࣥࢭࣜࣥࢢࡔࡅ࡛ࠕ࠶࡞ࡓࡢ≧ែࡣᛶู㐪࿴࡛࠶ࡿ࣭࣭࣭ࡼࡗ࡚㸪ᛶูࢆኚ࠼࡞࠸࡜἞ࡽ࡞࠸ࠖ࡜࠶ࡲࡾ࡟ࡶ㍍ࡃ㸪ࡋ࠿ࡶಙ㢗ࡋ࡚࠸ࡓ“ᑓ㛛ᐙ”࡟ゝࢃࢀ࡚㸪ࡑࡢゝ࠺ࡀࡲࡲ࡟ᚑࡗࡓࡇ࡜ࢆ࿌ⓑࡋ࡚࠸ࡿ㹿45ȱ ㄔᐇࡉࡣ㸪㏿ࡃၥȱȱȱȱȱȱȱȱȱȱȱȱȱȱȱȱȱȱȱȱȱȱȱȱȱȱȱȱȱȱȱȱȱȱȱȱȱȱȱȱ ȱȱȱȱȱȱȱȱȱȱȱȱȱȱȱȱȱȱȱȱȱȱȱȱȱ
ȱᚰ⌮ኈ࡛࠶ࡿ TrayceȱHANSEN ࡸᑠඣ⛉་࡛࠶ࡿ MichelleȱCRETELLA ࡀࡇࡢࡼ࠺࡞⪃࠼᪉ࡢᥦၐ⪅࡜ࡋ࡚᭷ྡ࡛࠶ࡿࠋ౛࠼ࡤ㸪Michelleȱ A.ȱ CRETELLA,ȱ “Genderȱ Dysphoriaȱ inȱChildrenȱandȱSuppressionȱofȱDebate,”ȱJournalȱofȱAmericanȱPhysiciansȱandȱSurgeons,ȱVolumeȱ
21ȱ Numberȱ 2,ȱ Summerȱ 2016;ȱ “I’mȱ aȱ Pediatrician.ȱ Howȱ Transgenderȱ Ideologyȱ HasȱInfiltratedȱ Myȱ Fieldȱ andȱ Producedȱ LargeȬScaleȱ Childȱ Abuse,”ȱ 3ȱ Julyȱ 2017,ȱ
https://www.dailysignal.com/2017/07/03/imȬpediatricianȬtransgenderȬideologyȬinfiltratedȬȱ
fieldȬproducedȬlargeȬscaleȬchildȬabuse;ȱ“Dr.ȱMichelleȱCretellaȱonȱTransgenderȱIdeology:ȱ
‘InstitutionalizedȱLargeȬScaleȱChildȱAbuse’,”ȱ24ȱSeptemberȱ2018,ȱhttps://ȱwww.christianpost.ȱ
com/voices/drȬmichelleȬcretellaȬtransgenderȬideologyȬinstitutionalizedȬlargeȬscaleȬchildȬ
abuse.html;ȱ Felipeȱ VIZCARRONDOȱ andȱ Michelleȱ CRETELLA,ȱ “Genderȱ Ideology:ȱ Theȱ Latestȱ
Assaultȱ onȱ Ourȱ Children,”ȱ Humanȱ Lifeȱ International,ȱ 25ȱ Julyȱ 2018,ȱ https://www.hli.org/ȱ
resources/genderȬideologyȬlatestȬassaultȬchildren ࡞࡝ࢆཧ↷ࠋࡇࡢ་ᖌ఍ࡢཝࡋ࠸ែᗘ
ࡣ࠸ࡃࡘ࠿ࡢᢈุࢆᾎࡧࡿࡇ࡜࡟ࡶ࡞ࡗࡓࠋࡶ࡜ࡶ࡜ࡢኌ᫂ࡣᅋయࡢ HP ࠿ࡽࡣᾘ࠼࡚
࠸ࡿࡀ㸪௨ୗࡢ㞧ㄅ࡟ᥖ㍕ࡉࢀ࡚࠸ࡿࠋMichelleȱ A.ȱ CRETELLAȱ –ȱ Quentinȱ VANȱ METERȱ –ȱPaulȱ MCHUGH,ȱ “Genderȱ Ideologyȱ Harmsȱ Children,”ȱ Catholicȱ Medicalȱ Quarterlyȱ Volumeȱ
66(3)ȱAugȱ2016,ȱhttp://cmq.org.uk/CMQ/ȱ2016/Aug/gender_ȱidentity_harms_children.html.ȱ
࡞࠾㸪௒ࡢ⡿ᅜᑠඣ⛉་༠఍ࡢ HP ࡟ࡣḟࡢኌ᫂ࡀ㍕ࡗ࡚࠸ࡿࠋ“Genderȱ dysphoriaȱ inȱ
children,”ȱNovemberȱ2018,ȱhttps://ȱacpeds.org/positionȬstatements/genderȬdysphoriaȬinȬ
children.ȱ ȱ45ȱࡇࡢⅬ࡛᝟ሗ※࡜ࡋ࡚ᙺ࡟❧ࡗ࡚࠸ࡿࡢࡣḟࡢ᭩⡠࡛࠶ࡿࠋRyanȱT.ȱANDERSON,ȱWhenȱ
HarryȱBecameȱSally.ȱRespondingȱtoȱtheȱTransgenderȱMovement,ȱEncounterȱBooks,ȱNewȱYorkȱ
–ȱ London,ȱ 2018.ȱ ➨ 3 ❶ࡣ඲㒊࠸ࢃࡺࡿ deȬtransitioners ࡢࢫࢺ࣮࣮ࣜࡸᘬ⏝࠿ࡽᡂࡗ࡚࠸ࡿࠋࡑࡢドゝࡣᑡ࡞ࡃ࡜ࡶྠࡌࡼ࠺࡟⪥ࢆഴࡅࡿ࡟್ࡍࡿࠋ┿⌮ࡢ᥈✲ࡢࡓࡵࡔࡅ
࡛࡞ࡃ㸪ṇ⩏ࡢࡓࡵ࡟ࡑࢀࡀᚲせ࡛࠶ࡿࠋ࢔ࣥࢲ࣮ࢯࣥࡢ୺ᙇࢆࡲ࡜ࡵࡿ࡞ࡽࡤ㸪ࢪ࢙ࣥࢲ࣮ㄽ࡜ LGBTIQ+㐠ືࡣ࣏ࢫࢺࣔࢲࣥ࡞᪉ἲ࡛ᙧ⪋ୖᏛࢆྰᐃࡋࡘࡘࡶ㸪ᐇࡣࡑࡢ௦ࢃࡾ࡟᪂ࡋ࠸✀ࡢᙧ⪋ୖᏛࢆ᝿ᐃࡋ࡚࠸ࡿࠋࡋ࠿ࡶ㸪⏕≀Ꮫ࡜ࡢ⧅ࡀࡾ࠿ࡽゎࡁᨺࡓࢀ㸪ᨻ἞ⓗ࡞ຊ࡛㐍ࢇ࡛࠸ࡿࠋ≉࡟࢔࣓ࣜ࢝ࡢどⅬ࠿ࡽぢ࡚㸪ࡶ࡜ࡶ࡜ዪᛶࡢᖹ➼໬ࢆ┠ⓗ࡜ࡋ࡚࠸ࡓȱ “TitleȱIXȱofȱtheȱEducationȱAmendments”ȱ(1972)ȱ ࡢ෌ゎ㔘ࡀၥ㢟࡜࡞ࡗ࡚࠸ࡿࠋȱ
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㢟ࢆ∦௜ࡅࡿ࡭ࡃ⣲᪩ࡃ཯ᛂࡍࡿࡢ࡛ࡣ࡞ࡃ㸪௚ࡢྍ⬟ᛶࡶࡇ࡜ࡈ࡜ࡃ⤂௓ࡍࡿ࡜࠸࠺ែᗘࢆồࡵ࡚࠸ࡿࠋࡋ࠿ࡶ㸪ఝࡓࡼ࠺࡞ຠᯝࢆᣢࡘࡼࡾᏳ඲࡞௦᭰ࡢ
᪉ἲࢆᥦ౪ࡍࡿ་ᖌࡸᚰ⌮ኈࡀᐇ㝿࠸ࡿ࡟ࡶ࠿࠿ࢃࡽࡎ㸪ࡑࢀࡽࡢኌࢆ↓どࡋ㸪ᢚᅽࡍࡿ࡭ࡁ࡛ࡣ࡞࠸ࠋࡑࢀࡶṧᛕ࡞⌧ᐇ࡛࠶ࡿࠋȱࡑ࠺࠸࠺ၥ㢟Ⅼࢆど㔝࡟ධࢀࡿ࡜㸪ࡲࡉ࡟ᩍ⫱⌧ሙ࡟࠾࠸࡚ከ㠃࡛യࡘࡁࡸ
ࡍ࠸Ꮚ౪ࢆៅ㔜࡟ᢅ࠺࡭ࡁࡔ࡜࠸࠺ࡇ࡜ࢆᖖ࡟ᛕ㢌࡟⨨࠿࡞ࡅࢀࡤ࡞ࡽ࡞࠸ࠋ
Ꮫᰯࡣከࡃࡢሙྜ࠸ࡌࡵࡢ⯙ྎ࡛ࡶ࠶ࡾ㸪ࡲࡓ⠏࠿ࢀࡘࡘ࠶ࡿ⮬ศࡢ༴࠺࠸࢔
࢖ࢹࣥࢸ࢕ࢸ࢕ࢆத࠺⎔ቃ࡛࠶ࡾ㸪␗㉁࡞ࡶࡢࢆᛧࡀࡾ㸪ᛧࡀࡿࡀࡓࡵ࡟㝖እࡋࡼ࠺࡜ࡍࡿሙ࡛ࡶ࠶ࡿࡇ࡜ࡀศ࠿ࡿࠋࡋࡓࡀࡗ࡚㸪࡝ࡢ⏕ᚐࡸᏛ⏕ࡶࡢ࿨ࡸᑛཝࢆ༑ศ࡟Ᏺࡾ㸪ಶᛶࢆ㇏࠿࡟⏕ࡁࡉࡏ࡚࠶ࡆࡿ⮬⏤ࢆ୚࠼ࡿࡇ࡜ࡀㄢ㢟࡛࠶ࡿࠋ௚᪉࡛㸪ⓙ࡜ఝࡓࡶࡢ࡟࡞ࡾࡓ࠸㸪࡞ࡿࡼ࠺࡟ດຊࡍࡿ࡜ྠ᫬࡟㸪⮬ศࡢಶᛶࡸ㐪࠸ࢆ୺ᙇࡍࡿ࠶ࡲࡾ࡟㸪࠶࠼࡚ⓙ࡜㐪࠺ࡶࡢ࡛࠶ࡾࡓ࠸ࡢࡶ࠶ࡿᖺ
㱋ࡢ≉ᚩ࡛࠶ࡾ㸪ࡲࡓὶ⾜ࡾ࡟ࡼࡗ࡚ࡑࡢࡼ࠺࡞௰㛫ࡀቑ࠼ࡿ࡟ࡘࢀ㸪ࡴࡋࢁࡑࢀࡀຬẼ࠶ࡿ㸪࢝ࢵࢥ࠸࠸⾜Ⅽ࡜ឤࡌࡿࡇ࡜ࡶ᝿ീ࡛ࡁࡿࠋ࡜ࡣ࠸࠼㸪௚ࡢᏊ౪࡜␗࡞ࡾ㸪௚ࡢྠᛶࡢᏊ౪࡜ẚ㍑ࡍࡿ࡜ࡑࡢぢࡓ┠ࡸ⾜ືࡢỈ‽࡟㐩ࡉ࡞࠸࡜࠸࠺ࡔࡅ࡛㸪ูࡢ࢔࢖ࢹࣥࢸ࢕ࢸ࢕ࢆㄆࡵ㸪᥎ዡࡍ࡭ࡁ࠿࡜ゝ࠼ࡤ㸪Ỵࡋ࡚ࡑ࠺࡛ࡣ࡞࠸ࠋࡴࡋࢁ㸪ẚ㍑ࡋ࡞࠸࡛ࠕࢫ࣏࣮ࢶࡀዲࡁ࡛࡞࠸⏨ࡢᏊࠖࡶ⏨ࡢᏊ࡛࠶ࡾ㸪⏨ࡢᏊ࡛࠶ࡗ࡚ࡶⰋ࠸࡜࠸࠺⫯ᐃឤࢆ୚࠼ࡿࡇ࡜࡟ࡼࡗ࡚ከᵝᛶ࡟㈉⊩ࡍࡿࡔࢁ࠺ࠋȱࡋ࠿ࡋ㸪୍ᴫ࡟ࢪ࢙ࣥࢲ࣮࡜ᛶูࡀ୍⮴ࡋ࡞࠸㸪࠶ࡿ࠸ࡣ㸪ࡑࡢཷࡅධࢀ࡟
ⱞປࡋ࡚࠸ࡿⱝ⪅ࡢᏳᚰࡔࡅࡀࢪ࢙ࣥࢲ࣮ㄽࡢᨭᣢ⪅ࡢ၏୍ࡢ┠ⓗࡔ࡜ࡣゝ࠼࡞࠸ࠋᛶ⮬ㄆࡀ㏻ᖖ࡟Ⓨ㐩ࡋ࡚࠸ࡿ 99%ࡢᏊ౪ࡢࣉࣛ࢖ࣂࢩ࣮࡜Ᏻ඲ࡶど㔝࡟ධࢀࡿ࡭ࡁ࡞ࡢ࡛ࡣ࡞࠸࠿ࠋࡍ࡞ࢃࡕ㸪ࢪ࢙ࣥࢲ࣮ࡢỴᐃ࡜ࡑࢀ࡟క࠺ㅖᶒ฼
ࡀࡓࡔ௚ࡢㄡ࡟ࡶศ࠿ࡽ࡞࠸⮬ศ⮬㌟ࡢẼᣢࡕ࡜ḧồ࡟௵ࡉࢀࡿ࡜㸪ዪᏊࢺ࢖ࣞ࡟⏕≀Ꮫⓗ࡟ዪᛶ࡜ࡋ࡚⏕ࡲࢀࡓே࡜ࢺࣛࣥࢫࢪ࢙ࣥࢲ࣮ࡢዪᛶࡔࡅ࡛ࡣ࡞
ࡃ㸪⊢〮࡞┠ⓗ࡛ࡑࡇ࡟౵ධࡍࡿᛶ≢⨥⪅ࡶ⣮ࢀ࡚ධࡿࡇ࡜ࡣ㜵ࡆ࡞࠸ࡢ࡛࠶
ࡿࠋ࡞ࡐ࡞ࡽ㸪ࡑࡢ༊ูࡣ࡝ࡇ࡟ࡶ᰿ᣐ࡙ࡅࡽࢀ࡞࠸㸪᰿ᣐ࡙ࡅࡽࢀᚓ࡞࠸࠿
ࡽ࡛࠶ࡿࠋゝ࠺ࡲ࡛ࡶ࡞ࡃ㸪ᡭ⾡ࡲࡓࡣ socialȱtransition ࡟ࡼࡗ࡚ᛶูኚ᭦ࢆࡋ

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ࡓேࡣࡳ࡞ࡇࡢࡼ࠺࡞┠ⓗࢆᣢࡗ࡚࠸ࡿࢃࡅ࡛ࡣ࡞࠸ࡀ㸪㐣⃭࡞ࢪ࢙ࣥࢲ࣮ㄽ
ࡢ୺ᙇࡍࡿ࡜ࡇࢁࡔࡅ࡟ࡼࢀࡤ㸪ࡇࢀࡽ 2 ࡘࡢ㐪࠸ࡢ༊ูࡣࡘ࠿࡞࠸ࠋ⮬ศࡀఱ࠿࡛࠶ࡿ࡜ឤࡌ㸪୺ᙇࡍࡿே࡟ᑐࡋ࡚௚ࡢேࡣࠕࡑࢀࡣ㐪࠺ࠖ࡜ゝ࠼ࡿ㈨᱁
ࡣᮏᙜ࡟࡞࠸ࡔࢁ࠺࠿ࠋȱȱȱ࡛ࡣ㸪ఱࢆᥦ᱌ࡍࡿࡢ࠿㸽ȱȱᮏᩥ᭩ࡀලయⓗ࡟ᥦ᱌ࡋ࡚࠸ࡿࡇ࡜ࡣ㸪୍ぢࡍࢀࡤ㸪ࡑࢀ࡯࡝ከࡃ࡞࠸ࠋゝ࠸᥮࠼ࢀࡤ㸪࢟ࣜࢫࢺᩍⓗ࡞ே㛫ㄽࡢ᣺ࡾ㏉ࡾ㸪Ꮫᰯࡢ⮬ᚊࡢᙉㄪ㸪ᑐヰ࡜ᐶᐜࡢែᗘࡢ෌☜ㄆࡄࡽ࠸࡜ࡋ࡚ㄞࡴࡇ࡜ࡀ࡛ࡁࡿࡢ࡛࠶ࡿࠋ㐣ཤ☜࠿࡟⌧ᐇ࡛࠶ࡗࡓ㸪඲ဨࢆྠࡌࡶࡢ࡜ࡋ࡚ᢅ࠺࡜࠸࠺ᙉไⓗ࡛᏶඲࡞⏬୍໬࡜㸪ಶࠎேࡢẼᣢࡕࢆ↓㝈࡟ᑛ㔜ࡍࡿ࡜࠸࠺⌧௦ࡢ┦ᑐ୺⩏࡜㸪ࡑࡢ୧᪉ࡢᴟ➃ࢆ▱ᜨࢆࡶࡗ࡚㑊ࡅ㸪㢮ఝⅬࡸඹ㏻Ⅼࢆྰᐃࡋ࡞࠸ࡲࡲ࡛┦㐪ࡸከᵝᛶࢆㄆࡵࡿ㸪ࡋ࠿ࡶᏙ❧ࢆព࿡ࡍࡿ┦㐪ࡢࡓࡵࡢ┦㐪࡛ࡣ࡞ࡃ㸪㇏࠿ࡉࢆព࿡ࡍࡿಶᛶࢆㄆࡵࡿࡇ࡜ࡢ㔜せᛶࢆㅻࡗ࡚࠸ࡿࠋே㛫ࡣᵝࠎ࡞ᒙ࡛⑌ᝈࢆᝈࡗ࡚࠾ࡾ㸪௒ࡢለⴠࡋࡓ
ᐇᏑ࡛┤ࡕ࡟⤫ྜࡉࢀࡓ᏶඲࡞ࡶࡢ࡟࡞ࡿ࡜࠸࠺ࡢࡣ࣮ࣘࢺࣆ࢔࡛࠶ࡿࠋࢭࢡ
ࢩࣗ࢔ࣜࢸ࢕ࡶࡲࡓ㠀ᖖ࡟኱஦࡛㸪ぢ㏨ࡏ࡞࠸㸪᰿ᮏⓗ࡞ഃ㠃࡛࠶ࡿ୍᪉㸪ࡑࢀࢆ඲࡚࡟ඃඛࡍࡿࡇ࡜ࡸ඲࡚ࢆࡑࢀ࡟㑏ඖࡍࡿࡇ࡜ࡶ⌮࡟㐺ࡗ࡚࠸࡞࠸ࠋே
㛫ࡢ࡝ࡢഃ㠃࡜ࡶྠࡌ࡛㸪ࢭࢡࢩࣗ࢔ࣜࢸ࢕࡟ࡶᅔ㞴ࡀ⏕ࡌࡿሙྜࡀ࠶ࡿࠋಶ
࡜ࡋ࡚ࡢᑛཝࡣῶࡿࡇ࡜ࡣ࡞࠸ࡀ㸪⮬ศࡢ࢔࢖ࢹࣥࢸ࢕ࢸ࢕࡟ࡼࡗ࡚࠸࠿࡞ࡿ⾜ືࡶṇᙜ໬ࡉࢀࡿࢃࡅ࡛ࡶ࡞࠸ࠋ⏕≀Ꮫࡸ┠ⓗㄽ࠿ࡽษࡾ㞳ࡉࢀࡓࢭࢡࢩࣗ
࢔ࣜࢸ࢕ࡢ඲࡚ࡢᙧࢆ␗ኚ࡜ࡋ࡚࡛ࡣ࡞ࡃ㸪ከᵝᛶ࡜㇏࠿ࡉ࡜ࡋ࡚ホ౯ࡋ㸪᥎ዡࡍࡿࡇ࡜ࡣ⤖ᒁ㸪ᐙ᪘࡜࠸࠺᰿ᮏⓗ࡞౯್ࢆ༴࠺ࡃࡍࡿࡇ࡜࡟ࡘ࡞ࡀࡿ㹿 46ȱȱȱȱȱȱȱȱȱȱȱȱȱȱȱȱȱȱȱȱȱȱȱȱȱȱȱȱȱȱȱȱȱȱȱȱȱȱȱȱȱ ȱȱȱȱȱȱȱȱȱȱȱȱȱȱȱȱȱȱȱȱȱȱȱȱȱ
46

ȱ21 ᮲㸪34 ᮲㸪36 ᮲௨ୗࢆཧ↷ࠋト 22 ࡟ᣲࡆࡓ㐣⃭ὴࣇ࢙࣑ࢽࢬ࣒ࡸࢪ࢙ࣥࢲ࣮ㄽ⪅࡟ࡼࡿᐙ᪘ほ࡜㐪࠸㸪ఏ⤫ⓗ࡛ࣘࢲ࣭ࣖ࢟ࣜࢫࢺᩍ࡟ࡼࡿᐙ᪘ほࡣ㸪⮬↛ᮏᛶ࡟࣮ࣝࢶ
ࢆᣢࡗ࡚࠾ࡾ㸪⏕Ṫ࡬࡜᪉ྥ࡙ࡅࡽࢀ࡚࠸ࡿࠋࡑࡢලయⓗ࡞᭷ᵝࡸつᶍࡣ᫬௦࡜ᆅᇦ࡟
ࡼࡗ࡚㐪ࡗ࡚ࡶ㸪♫఍࡟ඛ❧ࡗ࡚㸪ே㢮Ꮫⓗ࡟ᬑ㐢ⓗ࡟ぢࡽࢀࡿࡶࡢ࡛࠶ࡿࠋᚰ⌮ⓗ࡞ᡂ㛗࠾ࡼࡧே㛫࡜ࡋ࡚ࡢᩍ⫱ࢆ᪋ࡍ㸦၏୍࡛ࡣ࡞࠸ࡀ㸧ࡶࡗ࡜ࡶ᭱ึ࡛ࡶࡗ࡜ࡶỴᐃⓗ

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஦ᐇ㸪ྛᛶูࡢఏ⤫ⓗ࡞ᙺ๭ࡔࡅ࡛ࡣ࡞ࡃ㸪⏨ዪ࡜࠸࠺ᴫᛕ⮬యࢆᚭᗏⓗ࡟ᡴࡕቯࡍࡇ࡜ࢆ┠ᶆ࡜ࡍࡿ㐣⃭࡞ࢪ࢙ࣥࢲ࣮ㄽࡣ௚࡞ࡽࡠᩥ໬ⓗ࡞㠉࿨࡛࠶ࡿࠋ
ぢࡓ┠ࡔࡅุ࡛᩿࡛ࡁࡎ㸪ㄡࡀ࡝ࡢᛶู࠿ࢆ᥎ᐃ࡛ࡁ࡞࠸ࡢ࡛࠶ࢀࡤ㸪⏨ዪࡢ஺ࢃࡾ࡟࠾࠸࡚ࣘࢲ࣭ࣖ࢟ࣜࢫࢺᩍⓗ࡞౯್ほࡔࡅ࡛ࡣ࡞ࡃᵝࠎ࡞ᩥ໬࡟࠾࠸
࡚ඹྠࡢ⏕άࡀΰ஘࡟㝗ࡽࡊࡿࢆᚓ࡞࠸ࡢ࡛࠶ࡿࠋ⮬ศࡀᐙ᪘࡟┦ᛂࡋࡃ࡞࠸
࡜ᛮ࠺ே࡟⤖፧ࢆᙉ࠸ࡿࡇ࡜ࡣ࡛ࡁ࡞࠸ࡀ㸪㏫࡟⮬ศࡀⰋ࠸࡜ᛮ࠺ᐙ᪘ほࢆ඲య࡟ᙉ࠸ࡿࡇ࡜ࡶ࡛ࡁ࡞࠸ࠋȱࡑࡢࡓࡵ㸪ᐙ᪘ࡢ᧦ㆤࡀᮏᩥ᭩ࡢ୍ࡘࡢලయⓗ࡞┠ⓗ࡛࠶ࡿ࡜ゝ࠼ࡿࠋ⏨ዪࡢ஺ࢃࡾ࡟ᇶ࡙ࡃᐙ᪘ࡢᮏ㉁࡜ᵓ㐀ࡶࡑ࠺࡛࠶ࡿࡀ㸪ᐙ᪘ࡀఱࢆⅭࡍ࡭ࡁ࠿㸪ࡍ࡞ࢃࡕぶࡢᶒ฼ࢆࡶᨵࡵ࡚ᙉㄪࡋ࡞ࡅࢀࡤ࡞ࡽ࡞࠸ࠋ࡜࠸࠺ࡢࡣ㸪㠀ᖖ࡟ᩄឤ࡛࠶ࡾ㸪౯್ほ࡜㛵ಀࡀ࠶ࡾ㸪᫬㛫ࢆせࡍࡿᛶᩍ⫱࡟㛵ࡋ࡚㸪ぶࡣ➨୍࡟⮬ศࡢᏊ౪ࡢ᝟⥴ᛶࢆᙧᡂࡍࡿᶒ฼ࢆ᭷ࡋ㸪ࡑࢀ࠿ࡽ㸪Ꮚ౪ࡣ࡛ࡁࡿࡔࡅ୧ぶࡢ࠶ࡿ⎔ቃ࡛⫱ࡘᶒ฼ࢆᣢࡘ㸪࡜࠸࠺ࡇ࡜ࡀᥦၐࡉࢀ࡚࠸ࡿ㹿47ȱ ࡑࡢ࡯࠿࡟㸪ྛᐙ᪘࡟ࡣ௚ࡢᇶᮏⓗ࡞ᶒ฼48㸦ࡘࡲࡾ㸪ᛮ᝿ࡢ⮬⏤㸪Ⰻᚰࡢ⮬⏤㸪ಙᩍࡢ⮬⏤㸧ࡶಖドࡉࢀ࡞ࡅࢀࡤ࡞ࡽ࡞࠸ࠋࡑࡢᩍ࠼ࡿᶒ฼ࢆᐙ᪘ࡣ஧ḟⓗ࡟Ꮫᰯ࡟ጤ௵ࡋ㸪Ꮫᰯࡣࡑࡢぶࡢ⩏ົࢆ⨨ࡁ᥮࠼ࡿࡢ࡛ࡣ࡞ࡃ㸪ᨭ࠼ࡿ࡭ࡁࡔ࡜ࡶᙉㄪࡉࢀ࡚࠸
ࡿࠋ᭱⤊ⓗ࡟ࡣ㸪♫఍඲యࡶᏊ౪ࡢᡂ㛗࡟ከ࠿ࢀᑡ࡞࠿ࢀᙳ㡪ࢆཬࡰࡋ㸪㈐௵
ȱȱȱȱȱȱȱȱȱȱȱȱȱȱȱȱȱȱȱȱȱȱȱȱȱȱȱȱȱȱȱȱȱȱȱȱȱȱȱȱ ȱȱȱȱȱȱȱȱȱȱȱȱȱȱȱȱȱȱȱȱȱȱȱȱȱ
࡞ሙ࡜⪃࠼ࡽࢀࡿࠋᐇࡢᏊ࡛࠶ࢁ࠺࡜㣴Ꮚ࡛࠶ࢁ࠺࡜㸪୧ᛶูࡢぶࢆᣢࡘࡇ࡜ࡣᏊ౪ࡢ
ࢭࢡࢩࣗ࢔ࣝ࡞ᡂ⇍࡟࡜ࡗ࡚ࡶ኱ࡁ࡞ព࿡ࢆᣢࡗ࡚࠸ࡿࠋࡋࡓࡀࡗ࡚㸪ᐙ᪘ࡢࡼ࠺࡟ᶵ
⬟ࡍࡿࡶࡢࡣ௚࡟࠶ࡗ࡚ࡶ㸪ᮏ㉁ⓗ࡞ᐙ᪘࡛࠶ࡿࡢࡣࡕࡻ࠺࡝ 2 ேࡢ኱ேࡢ⏨ዪ 1 ⤌࡛࠶ࡾ㸪ࡋ࠿ࡶ㸪ࡑࡢឡ᝟ࡣᚲせ࡞᮲௳࡛ࡣ࠶ࡿࡀ㸪༑ศ࡞᮲௳࡛ࡣ࡞࠸ࠋȱ
47ȱ37Ȭ38 ᮲ࢆཧ↷ࠋȱ
48ȱಙᩍࡢ⮬⏤࡟㛵ࡋ࡚ࡣࠗୡ⏺ேᶒᐉゝ࠘ࡢ 18 ᮲㸪ぶࡢᩍ⫱ࡢ⮬⏤࡟㛵ࡋ࡚ࡣྠᐉゝࡢ
26 ᮲ࢆཧ↷ࠋࡲࡓ㸪Ꮚ౪ࡀᅜᐙࡢᣢࡕ≀࡛ࡶ㸪ᅜᐙࡢᩍ໬ࡢᑐ㇟࡟㐣ࡂ࡞࠸ࡶࡢ࡛ࡶ
࡞࠸Ⅼ࡟㛵ࡋ࡚㸪ᩍⓚࣆ࢜ 11 ୡࡢᅇສȱ DiviniȱIlliusȱMagistriȱ(1929)ȱ ࡣ᪤࡟ࡑࢀ࡟ゐࢀ࡚࠸ࡿ㸦≉࡟ 32 ᮲௨ୗ㸧ࠋ“Theȱfamilyȱ thereforeȱ holdsȱ directlyȱ fromȱ theȱ Creatorȱ theȱmissionȱ andȱ henceȱ theȱ rightȱ toȱ educateȱ theȱ offspring,ȱ aȱ rightȱ inalienableȱ becauseȱ
inseparablyȱjoinedȱtoȱtheȱstrictȱobligation,ȱaȱrightȱanteriorȱtoȱanyȱrightȱwhateverȱofȱcivilȱ
societyȱandȱofȱtheȱState,ȱandȱthereforeȱinviolableȱonȱtheȱpartȱofȱanyȱpowerȱonȱearth.”ȱ ࡑࡇ࡛ࡣ㸪⌋ࡋࡃ 1925 ᖺࡢྜ⾗ᅜࡢ᭱㧗⿢ุᡤࡢุỴࡲ࡛ᘬࡁྜ࠸࡟ฟࡉࢀ࡚࠸ࡿࠋ
“Theȱ
childȱisȱnotȱtheȱmereȱcreatureȱofȱtheȱState;ȱthoseȱwhoȱnurtureȱhimȱandȱdirectȱhisȱdestinyȱ
haveȱ theȱ rightȱ coupledȱ withȱ theȱ highȱ duty,ȱ toȱ educateȱ himȱ andȱ prepareȱ himȱ forȱ theȱfulfillmentȱofȱhisȱobligations.”ȱ ȱ

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ࢆᢸࡗ࡚࠸ࡿࡀ㸪⌮᝿ⓗ࡞ሙྜ࡟ࡣࡇࢀࡽ 3 ࡘࡢせ⣲ࡢ㛫࡟୍✀ࡢᩍ⫱ⓗྠ┕㸦educationalȱ alliance㸧ࡀᏑᅾࡋ࡚࠸ࡿࡣࡎࡔࡋ㸪ࡲࡓ㸪ࡑࡢྠ┕ࡢᏑᅾࡀ⌧࡟ᮃࡲࡋ࠸ࠋࡉࡽ࡟㸪≉࡟Ⰽࠎኚ໬ࡀ⃭ࡋ࠸ẁ㝵࡜ᖺ㱋ࡢⱝ⪅࡜᥋ࡍࡿ⎔ቃ࡛ാࡃᩍ⫱⪅࡟ࡣ㸪ࢪ࢙ࣥࢲ࣮ㄽ࡟ࡘ࠸࡚ලయⓗ࡟࠿ࡘᵝࠎ࡞ゅᗘ࠿ࡽ▱ࡾ㸪ࡑࢀ࡟❧ࡕྥ࠿࠺ࡓࡵࡢ‽ഛࡀᚲせ࡛࠶ࡿࡇ࡜ࡀ㏙࡭ࡽࢀ࡚࠸ࡿࠋࡋ࠿ࡋ㸪ࢫ࣮ࣟ࢞ࣥ௨እ࡟ヲࡋ࠸ࢪ࢙ࣥࢲ࣮ㄽࡢព࿡࡜ෆᐜࢆከࡃࡢேࡣ▱ࡽ࡞࠸ࡇ࡜ࡶ⌧ᐇ࡛࠶ࡿࠋఱࡀⰋ࠸࠿ࡣ୍ேࡦ࡜ࡾࡢඣ❺⏕ᚐ࡟ࡼࡗ࡚␗࡞ࡿࡋ㸪ࡋ࠿ࡶ㸪Ꮚ౪ࡢᛶู㐪࿴࡟ᑐࡍࡿ᭱ࡶຠᯝⓗ࡛ṇࡋ࠸ᑐᛂ࡟㛵ࡋ࡚ᑓ㛛ᐙࡶ㈶ᡂࡋྜࡗ࡚
࠸࡞࠸ࡢ࡛㸪␲ၥࡀ࠶ࢀࡤ㸪ぶ࡜ᩍ⫱⪅ࡣࡴࡋࢁఱࡶࡋ࡞࠸㸪Ꮚ౪ࢆぢᏲࡾࡘࡘᨺ⨨ࡍࡿ㸪ៃ࡚࡚ఱ࠿ࢆࡍࡄࡋ࡚࠶ࡆ࡞ࡅࢀࡤ࡞ࡽ࡞࠸࡜ᛮࢃࡎ㸪༴㝤ࢆ㜵Ṇࡋࡓୖ࡛ᡂ㛗ࡢ㐍ࡳලྜࢆぢࡿ࡯࠺ࡀ⤯ᑐ࡟ᮃࡲࡋ࠸ࠋȱ࡞࡟ࡋࢁᏛᰯࡣ୍᪉ⓗ࡞⪃࠼᪉ࡸ࢖ࢹ࢜ࣟࢠ࣮࡟ᑐࡋ࡚㸪ࡑࢀࡀ࡝ࡢࡼ࠺࡞
ࡶࡢ࡛࠶ࡿ࠿࡟࠿࠿ࢃࡽࡎ㸪ಁࡉࢀ࡚ࡣ࠸ࡅ࡞࠸㹿49ȱ ࡲࡓ㸪ࠕఱ࡛ࡶⰋ࠸㸟ࠖࡸࠕⓙ㐪ࡗ࡚ⓙⰋ࠸㸟ࠖ࡜࠸࠺඲࡚ࡢࡶࡢࢆྠࡌࡼ࠺࡟ᢅ࠺┦ᑐ୺⩏ࡶỴࡋ࡚ᘓタⓗࡔ࡜ࡶ㝈ࡽ࡞࠸ࠋᛶࡢศ㔝࡟㝈ࡿࡇ࡜࡛ࡣ࡞࠸ࡀ㸪ぶࢆࡣࡌࡵ࡜ࡍࡿᩍ⫱⪅ࡢᙺ๭࡜ࡣ㸪Ꮚ౪ࢆཷࡅධࢀ㸪ཷࡅධࢀࡿࡇ࡜࡟ࡼࡗ࡚⮬ࡎ࡜ᡂ㛗ࡍࡿࡓࡵࠊࠊࠊࠊࡢᏳ඲࡞⎔ቃࢆᥦ౪ࡍࡿ࡜ྠ᫬࡟㸪኱ࡁ࡞༴㝤࠿ࡽᏲࡾ࡞ࡀࡽࡶᡂ㛗ࡍࡿࡓࡵࡢࢳࣕࣞࣥࢪࢆ୚࠼㸪࡞ࡿ࡭ࡁ⮬ศ࡟࡞ࡿࡼ࠺せồࡍࡿࡇ࡜࡛࠶ࡿࠋࡇࢀࡇࡑ
ឡ࡞ࡢ࡛ࡣ࡞࠸࠿ࠋྠ᝟࡛ࡣ࡞ࡃ㸪ឿࡋࡳ࡞ࡢ࡛ࡣ࡞࠸࠿ࠋࡑࡢᑛཝࡢࡓࡵ㸪Ꮚ౪ࡀ⮬ศࡢࡓࡵ࡟Ⰻ࠸࡜ᛮࡗ࡚࠸ࡿࡇ࡜࡛ࡶ㸪௚ࡢேࡀⰋ࠸࡜ᛮࡗ࡚࠸ࡿࡇ
࡜࡛ࡶ࡞ࡃ㸪ࡑࡢᏊ౪࡟࡜ࡗ࡚Ⰻ࠸ࡇ࡜ࢆࡍࡿ࡭ࡁ࡛࠶ࡿࠋ┿⌮ࡣᚲࡎࡋࡶᚰ
ᆅⰋ࠸ࡶࡢࡔ࡜ࡣ㝈ࡽ࡞࠸ࡀ㸪┿⌮࡞ࡋ࡟⒵ࡋ࡜ᖹ࿴ࡀゼࢀ࡚ࡃࡿࡇ࡜ࡣ࡞࠸ࠋ
ȱȱȱȱȱȱȱȱȱȱȱȱȱȱȱȱȱȱȱȱȱȱȱȱȱȱȱȱȱȱȱȱȱȱȱȱȱȱȱȱ ȱȱȱȱȱȱȱȱȱȱȱȱȱȱȱȱȱȱȱȱȱȱȱȱȱ
49

ȱ54 ᮲ࢆཧ↷ࠋࡇࡇ࡛ゝ࠺ࠕ࢖ࢹ࢜ࣟࢠ࣮ࠖࡣఱࢆព࿡ࡋ࡚࠸ࡿ࠿࡜ゝ࠺࡜㸪⌧ᐇࡢ୍㒊ࢆ㐣๫࡟ᙉㄪࡍࡿ࡜࠸࠺ࠕ␗➃ࠖࡔࡅ࡛ࡣ࡞ࡃ㸪⤖ㄽࡀඛ࡟Ỵࡲࡗ࡚࠸ࡿ㸪ࡋ࠿ࡶࡑࡢṇࡋ࠸࡜ᛮ࠺ࡇ࡜ࢆ㸦㔠㖹ⓗ㸪ᶒຊⓗ㸪ㄽ⌮ⓗ࡞㸧୍᪉ⓗ࡟ຊࢆຍ࠼࡞ࡀࡽᗈࡵࡿ⾜Ⅽ࡜ែໃ࡛࠶ࡿࠋࡑ࠺࠸࠺ព࿡࡛ࡣ㸪ࡲࡉ࡟ለⴠࡋࡓ᐀ᩍ࡟ఝ࡚࠸ࡿࠋ࠶ࡿே࡟ゝࢃࡏࡿ࡜㸪ࠕᅜᐙࡀ㉡ᒍࡋ࡚࠸ࡿ᐀ᩍ࡛ࠖ࠶ࡿ㸦AndreȱVANȱMOL,ȱ“Transgenderism:ȱAȱStateȬ
sponsoredȱ Religion?,”ȱ Publicȱ Discourse,ȱ 24Ȭ1Ȭ2018,ȱ https://www.thepublicdiscourse.ȱ
com/2018/01/20547 ࢆཧ↷㸧ࠋȱ

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࠶ࡿ࠸ࡣ㸪┿⌮࡜஦ᐇࡀࡶࡣࡸఱࡢ౯್ࡶᚅࡓ࡞࠸࣏ࢫࢺࣔࢲࣥ࡞♫఍࡟࠾࠸࡚ࡢࡳࡑࢀࡀྍ⬟࠿ࡶࡋࢀ࡞࠸ࠋᏊ౪ࡢᡂ㛗ࢆఱ࠿ࡋࡽࡢ๓඙࡟ᇶ࡙࠸࡚Ỵࡵࡘࡅࡿࡢ࡛ࡶ㸪ఱ࡟࡛ࡶ࡞ࢀࡿ࡜࠸࠺↓㝈ࡢྍ⬟ᛶࢆ୚࠼ࡿࡢ࡛ࡶ࡞ࡃ㸪ࡸࡀ࡚⮬ศࡀㄡ࡛࠶ࡿ࠿ࢆぢࡘࡅࡿࡓࡵࡢ⎔ቃࢆᩚ࠼ࡿࡇ࡜ࡀ୍኱஦࡛࠶ࡿࠋࡑ࠺
࡛࡞࠸࡜ࡴࡋࢁΰ஘ࢆᘬࡁ㉳ࡇࡋ㸪࠶ࡿ࠸ࡣࡍ࡛࡟࠶ࡗࡓΰ஘ࢆࡓࡔᙉࡵࡿࡇ
࡜࡟࡞ࡾ࠿ࡡ࡞࠸ࠋ㏆ᖺᣦ᦬ࡉࢀ࡚࠸ࡿ⬻ࡢ neuroplasticity ࡟㚷ࡳࡿ࡜㸪㸦་Ꮫⓗ࣭⏕≀Ꮫⓗ࡞᰿ᣐ࡞ࡋ࡟㸧Ꮚ౪ࡢᛶูࢆ␲࠺ࡇ࡜࡟ࡼࡗ࡚㸪☜࠿࡟ࡲࡍࡲ
ࡍከࡃࡢᏊ౪ࡀࡑࢀ࡟ᚑ࠺ࡇ࡜ࡀ⪃࠼ࡽ࠼ࡿࠋࡑ࠺࠸࠺ព࿡࡛ࡢࢪ࢙ࣥࢲ࣮ㄽ
ࡣࡍ࡛࡟࠶ࡿ⌧㇟࡟ᛂ࠼ࡼ࠺࡜ࡍࡿࡔࡅ࡛ࡣ࡞ࡃ㸪ᚠ⎔ⓗ࡟ࡑࡢ⌧㇟ࢆ᮲௳࡙
ࡅ࡚࠸ࡿ㸪⮬ᕫࢆᡂᑵࡉࡏࡿணゝࡔ࡜ゝࡗ࡚ࡶ㐣ゝ࡛ࡣ࡞࠸ࠋȱȱȱᙜヱᩥ᭩ࡢホ౯ȱȱࢪ࢙ࣥࢲ࣮ㄽࢆ⪃࠼㸪ホ౯ࡋࡼ࠺࡜ࡍࡿ᫬࡟㸪ಶࠎேࡢ⮬⏤࡜ᇶᮏⓗ࡞ᑛཝࢆど㔝࡟ධࢀࡿࡇ࡜ࡀ୍኱஦࡛࠶ࡿࡇ࡜ࡣゝ࠺ࡲ࡛ࡶ࡞࠸ࠋࡋ࠿ࡋ㸪ࢪ࢙ࣥࢲ࣮ㄽࡀࡶࡓࡽࡍලయⓗ࡞⤖ᯝࡀᵝࠎ࡞ഃ㠃࠿ࡽ␲ၥࢆᘬࡁ㉳ࡇࡋ࡚࠸ࡿࠋ≉࡟㸪ᛶู㐺ྜᡭ⾡࡟ࡼࡗ࡚೺඲࡞యࢆ㐀ࡾኚ࠼ࡼ࠺࡜ࡍࡿ࡞ࡽࡤ㸪඲యᛶࡢཎ๎50ȱȱȱȱȱȱȱȱȱȱȱȱȱȱȱȱȱȱȱȱȱȱȱȱȱȱȱȱȱȱȱȱȱȱȱȱȱȱȱȱȱ ȱȱȱȱȱȱȱȱȱȱȱȱȱȱȱȱȱȱȱȱȱȱȱȱȱ
50ȱୖグࡢト 35 ࡶཧ↷ࠋ஦ᐇ㸪ࡇࡢఏ⤫ⓗ࡞ཎ๎ࢆ⏝࠸㸪య௨ୖࡢࡶࡢ࡛࠶ࡿே㛫ࡢ඲య
ᛶ࡟ッ࠼࡚ᛶูࢆኚ࠼ࡿࡓࡵࡢᡭ⾡ࢆ⌮ㄽⓗṇᙜ໬ࡋࡼ࠺࡜ࡍࡿேࡶ࠸ࡿࠋࡋ࠿ࡋ㸪ࡇࢀ࡟ࡣ㝈⏺ࡀ࠶ࡿࠋ࡞ࡐ࡞ࡽ㸪ᮏ᮶㸪⑓ࢇ࡛࠸ࡿ୍㒊ࢆయ඲య㸦࠶ࡿ࠸ࡣே㛫඲య㸧ࡢၿࡢࡓࡵ࡟≛≅࡟ࡍࡿࡇ࡜ࢆ㸦ࡶࡋ࠿ࡋࡓࡽḞࡅ࡚࠸࡚㊊ࡾ࡞࠸ᮏ㉁ⓗ࡞㒊ศࢆ⿵࠺ࡇ࡜ࡶ࠿ࡶࡋࢀ࡞࠸㸧ࡇࡢཎ๎ࡣព࿡ࡍࡿ࠿ࡽ࡛࠶ࡿࠋࡑࢀ࡟ᑐࡋ㸪ఱࡢ⑌ᝈࡶᝈࡗ࡚
࠾ࡽࡎ㸪ᙜேࡢ࿨ࢆ⬣࠿ࡍࡇ࡜ࡶ࡞࠸ࡢ࡟㸪೺ᗣⓗ࡞ᛶᚩࢆษ㝖ࡍࡿࡇ࡜ࡣࡑࢀ࡜኱ࡁ
ࡃ␗࡞ࡿࠋ⓶⫗࡞ࡇ࡜࡟㸪ᛶྠ୍ᛶ㞀ᐖ࡜࿧ࡤࢀ㸪␗ኚ࡜⪃࠼ࡽࢀ࡚࠸ࡓ᫬ࡣࡲࡔࡑࡢ
ྍ⬟ᛶࡀ࠶ࡗࡓ࠿ࡶࡋࢀ࡞࠸࡟ࡋ࡚ࡶ㸪௒ࡸᛶู㐪࿴࡜⪃࠼ࡿࡇ࡜ࡀ࠶ࡓ࠿ࡶ୍⯡ⓗ࡞≧ែ࡛࠶ࡿ࠿ࡢࡼ࠺࡟࡞ࡗ࡚ࡁ࡚࠾ࡾ㸪ከᵝᛶࡢ୰ࡢ୍ᙧែ࡛࠶ࡿ࡜࠸࠺ព㆑ࡀ᥎
ࡋ㐍ࡵࡽࢀ࡚࠸ࡿࡢ࡛㸪࡞࠾ࡉࡽ඲యᛶࡢཎ๎ࢆ㐺⏝ࡍࡿవᆅࡣ࡞࠸ࠋࡇࡢⅬ࡟ࡘ࠸࡚
2016 ᖺ࡟ከࡃࡢ㆟ㄽࡀ஺ࢃࡉࢀ࡚࠸ࡓࠋḟࡢᩥ⊩ࢆཧ↷ࡉࢀࡓ࠸ࠋ๓㏙ࡢࢪ࣮ࣙࣥࢬ
ࡢⴭస࡟ຍ࠼㸪CarolȱBAYLEY,ȱ“TransgenderȱPersonsȱandȱCatholicȱHealthcare,”ȱHealthȱ
CareȱEthicsȱUSA,ȱWinterȱ2016,ȱVol.ȱ24,ȱNo.ȱ1,ȱ1Ȭ5;ȱBecketȱGREMMELS,ȱ“SexȱReassignmentȱ
SurgeryȱandȱtheȱCatholicȱMoralȱTradition:ȱInsightȱfromȱPopeȱPiusȱXIIȱonȱtheȱPrincipleȱ

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࠿ࡽᢈุࡉࢀࡿࡇ࡜ࡀྍ⬟࡛࠶ࡾ㸪ጇᙜ࡛࠶ࡿࠋᚰࡢⴱ⸨ࢆయ࡬ࡢ౵くⓗ࡞௓ධ࡟ࡼࡗ࡚ゎỴࡍࡿࡓࡵࡢṇᙜ໬ࡢ⌮⏤ࡣ࡝ࡇ࡟ࡶぢࡘ࠿ࡽ࡞࠸ࠋࡑࢀࢆࡍࡿ
࡞ࡽ㸪ᴟࡵ࡚኱ࡁ࡞☜ಙࡀᚲせ࡛࠶ࡾ㸪ᛶู㐪࿴ࡣከࡃࡢሙྜᢕᥱࡉࢀ࡟ࡃ࠸
ࡋ㸪ᖺ㱋࡜࡜ࡶ࡟ኚࢃࡗ࡚࠸ࡃࡢ࡛㸪ࡑࢀ࡟ࡍࡄᛂ⟅ࡍࡿࡇ࡜ࡣỴࡋ୍࡚␒↓㞴࡞㐨࡛ࡣ࡞࠸ࠋࡲࡓ㸪୺ほⓗ࡞Ẽᣢࡕࡔࡅ࡟ᇶ࡙࠸࡚⮬ศࡀ཯ᑐࡢᛶู࡛࠶
ࡿࡇ࡜ࢆ୺ᙇࡍࡿࡇ࡜࡟ࡼࡗ࡚㸪ࡑࡢྠࡌᛶูࢆ⮬ㄆࡍࡿ௚ࡢேࠎࡢ⮬⏤࡜ᶒ฼ࡀ⬣࠿ࡉࢀࡿࡢ࡛ࡣ࡞࠸࠿࡜ᠱᛕࡉࢀࡿࡇ࡜ࡶ࠶ࡿࠋࡑࢀࡼࡾࡶ㸪ᛶࡢ⾲⌧ࡀⰍࠎ࠶ࡾ㸪࠸ࢃࡺࡿࢪ࢙ࣥࢲ࣮ࡀࢫ࣌ࢡࢺࣝୖ࡟Ꮡᅾࡍࡿࡇ࡜࡟ࡣఱࡽ࠿ࡢ
⣡ᚓࡀ࠸ࡗࡓ࡜ࡋ࡚ࡶ㸪ࡼࡾ᭱㏆ࡢゎ㔘࡟ぢࡽࢀࡿࠕnonȬbinary ࡛࠶ࡿࡢࡣࢪ
࢙ࣥࢲ࣮࡛ࡣ࡞ࡃ㸪ࡴࡋࢁᛶูࡑࡢࡶࡢ࡛࠶ࡿࠖ࡜࠸࠺Ⓨゝ࡜࡞ࡿ࡜㸪ࡇࢀࡣ⮬↛⛉Ꮫࡑࡢࡶࡢ࡜ࡶ┦ᐜࢀ࡞࠸ࠋ┿⌮ࢆ㏣ồࡋ࡚࠸ࡿᏛ⪅ࡸ◊✲⪅࡟࡜ࡗ࡚
ࡇࡢⅬࡇࡑ኱ࡁ࡞ⱞປࢆࡶࡓࡽࡋ࡚࠸ࡿࠋࡶࡋ࠸ࡘ࠿ࡑࡢ཯ㄽࡍࡿ◊✲⪅ࡀᑡᩘὴ࡟࡞ࡗࡓ࡞ࡽࡤ㸪ࡑࡢᑛཝ࡜ᶒ฼ࢆࡶྠࡌໃ࠸࡛Ᏺࡽࢀࡿࡔࢁ࠺࠿ࠋࡑࢀ
࠿ࡽ㸪ࢪ࢙ࣥࢲ࣮ㄽࡢᥦ᱌࡟⣡ᚓࡋ࡞࠸㸪ᮏᙜࡢព࿡࡛ࡢᑡᩘὴ࡛࠶ࡿᛶู㐪࿴ࡢ⤒㦂⪅࡟ࡶ⪥ࢆഴࡅࡿ࡭ࡁ࡞ࡢ࡛ࡣ࡞࠸࠿ࠋȱ࢝ࢺࣜࢵࢡᩍ఍ࡢ཯ᛂ࡜ࡋ࡚ࡣ㸪ಶࠎேࡢ⏕ࡁ᪉ࢆ᭱⤊ⓗ࡟㟋ⓗ࡞ᣦᑟ࡟௵
ࡏࡿࡇ࡜ࡀ࡛ࡁࡿࡶࡢࡢ㸪⌮ㄽ࡜ࡋ࡚㸪㐠ື࡜ࡋ࡚㸪࢖ࢹ࢜ࣟࢠ࣮࡜ࡋ࡚ၐ࠼
ࡽࢀࡿࡶࡢ࡟ᑐࡋ࡚ࡣ㸪ุ↛࡜ࡋࡓែᗘࢆྲྀࡿᚲせࡀ࠶ࡿࠋ⌧௦㸪࢝ࢺࣜࢵࢡ
ࡢ⏕࿨೔⌮Ꮫ⪅ࡢඹ㏻ࡍࡿពぢࢆࡲ࡜ࡵࢀࡤ㸪᜛ពⓗ࡞↓ไ㝈ࡢ⮬⏤ࡢぢゎ࡟ᇶ࡙࠸࡚࠸࡞࠸㝈ࡾ㸪ᛶูࡢኚ᭦ࡣ✲ᴟⓗ࡞㸪ᴟࡵ࡚౛እⓗ࡞ゎỴἲ࡛㸪௚ࡢ᪉ἲࡀ࡞࠸࡜ࡁ࡟㐺⏝ࡉࢀࡿ᭱ᚋࡢᡭẁ㸦lastȱresort㸧࡛࡞ࡅࢀࡤ࡞ࡽ࡞࠸ࡇ࡜㸪ᛶู㐪࿴࡟ࡼࡗ࡚ᐇ㝿ከࡃࡢேࡀᝎࡳⱞࡋࢇ࡛࠸ࡿࡇ࡜ࡀ☜࠿࡛࠶ࡗ࡚ࡶ㸪ᙼȱȱȱȱȱȱȱȱȱȱȱȱȱȱȱȱȱȱȱȱȱȱȱȱȱȱȱȱȱȱȱȱȱȱȱȱȱȱȱȱ ȱȱȱȱȱȱȱȱȱȱȱȱȱȱȱȱȱȱȱȱȱȱȱȱȱ
ofȱTotality,”ȱHealthȱCareȱEthicsȱUSA,ȱWinterȱ2016,ȱVol.ȱ24,ȱNo.ȱ1,ȱ6Ȭ10㸦ࡇࡢ 2 ேࡣᴫࡡṇ ᙜ ໬ ࢆ ྍ ⬟ ࡔ ࡜ ⪃ ࠼ ࡚ ࠸ ࡿ 㸧 ;ȱ E.ȱ Christianȱ BRUGGER,ȱ “Responseȱ toȱ Bayleyȱ andȱGremmelsȱonȱTransgenderȱEthics,”ȱHealthȱCareȱEthicsȱUSA,ȱSummerȱ2016,ȱVol.ȱ24,ȱNo.ȱ
3,ȱ 12Ȭ17;ȱ Johnȱ F.ȱ BREHANY,ȱ “Popeȱ Piusȱ XIIȱ andȱ Justificationsȱ forȱ Sexȱ Reassignmentȱ
Surgery,”ȱHealthȱCareȱEthicsȱUSA,ȱFallȱ2016,ȱVol.ȱ24,ȱNo.ȱ4,ȱ18Ȭ21㸦௨ୖࡢ඲࡚ࡢㄽᩥࡣ
https://www.chausa.org/publications/healthȬcareȬethicsȬusa ࡟࡚㜀ぴྍ⬟㸧ࠋࡲࡓ㸪
Travisȱ STEPHENS,ȱ “Theȱ Principleȱ ofȱ Totalityȱ Doesȱ Notȱ Justifyȱ Sexȱ Reassignmentȱ
Surgery,”ȱEthicsȱ&ȱMedics,ȱNovemberȱ2016,ȱVol.ȱ41,ȱNr.ȱ11,ȱ1Ȭ2 ࡶཧ↷ࠋȱ

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ࡽ㸪ᙼዪࡽࡣࢪ࢙ࣥࢲ࣮ㄽࡢᥦ᱌࡟ゎᾘឤࡸᏳሚឤࢆぬ࠼ࡿࡇ࡜࡞ࡃ㸪ࡴࡋࢁ࢖ࢹ࢜ࣟࢠ࣮ࡢࡓࡵ࡟฼⏝ࡉࢀࡿࡇ࡜ࡀ࠶ࡿࡇ࡜㸪ࡲࡓ㸪ᛶู㐪࿴ࡣከࡃࡢሙ
ྜ㐣Ώⓗ࡞㏞࠸࡛࠶ࡿࡀࡓࡵ࡟㸪ᮍᡂᖺ࡟✚ᴟⓗ࡟ᢲࡋ௜ࡅࡽࢀࡿ࡭ࡁ࡛ࡣ࡞
࠸ࡇ࡜ࡀᣲࡆࡽࢀࡿࠋࡑࢀ࠿ࡽ㸪௙᪉࡞ࡃᛶู㐺ྜᡭ⾡ࢆࡏࡎ࡟࠸ࡽࢀ࡞࠸ே
ࡢሙྜ㸪ࡑࡢேࡣ୙ྍ㏫ⓗ࡟୙ዷ࡟࡞ࡗ࡚ࡋࡲ࠺ࡇ࡜࡟ࡼࡗ࡚㸪፧ጻࡢ⛎㊧ࢆཷࡅࡿ࡟┦ᛂࡋࡃ࡞ࡃ࡞ࡿࡇ࡜ࡶ⌮ゎࡋ࡞ࡅࢀࡤ࡞ࡽ࡞࠸㸪࡜⏕࿨೔⌮Ꮫ⪅ࡣᙉㄪࡋ࡚࠸ࡿ㹿51ȱ ȱᩥ᭩඲యࡢ࣓ࢵࢭ࣮ࢪࡸᙳ㡪ࢆホ౯ࡋ࡚ࡳࡿ࡜㸪ࡲࡎ⏬ᮇⓗ࡞Ⓨゝࡸཝࡋࡃ
ᙎລࡍࡿⓎゝࢆ᥈ࡍேࡣ࠾ࡑࡽࡃࡀࡗ࠿ࡾࡍࡿࡔࢁ࠺ࠋࡴࡋࢁ㸪♫఍ࡢ඲࡚ࡢ
⣽࠿࠸ၥ㢟࡟ཱྀฟࡋࡍࡿࡇ࡜ࡣᩍ⌮┬ࡢᙺ๭࡛ࡶᩍ⫱┬ࡢࡑࢀ࡛ࡶ࡞࠸ࡢ࡛㸪ࡇࡇࡲ࡛ࡢᩥ᭩ࡀฟࡓࡇ࡜⮬యࡀ⏬ᮇⓗ࡛࠶ࡿ࠿ࡶࡋࢀ࡞࠸㹿52ȱ ඲య࡜ࡋ࡚࡜
ȱȱȱȱȱȱȱȱȱȱȱȱȱȱȱȱȱȱȱȱȱȱȱȱȱȱȱȱȱȱȱȱȱȱȱȱȱȱȱȱ ȱȱȱȱȱȱȱȱȱȱȱȱȱȱȱȱȱȱȱȱȱȱȱȱȱ
ȱ࢝ࢺࣜࢵࢡࡢ⏕࿨೔⌮ࡢほⅬ࠿ࡽぢࡓࢪ࢙ࣥࢲ࣮ࡢၥ㢟࡟ࡘ࠸࡚ࡣ㸪౛࠼ࡤḟࡢࡶࡢࡀཧ⪃࡟࡞ࡿࠋMaurizioȱP.ȱFAGGIONI,ȱ“L’ideologiaȱdelȱ‘gender’:ȱSfidaȱall’antropologiaȱ
eȱall’eticaȱcristiana,”ȱAntonianumȱXCȱ(2015)ȱ385Ȭ401.ȱ ᙼ࡟ࡼࢀࡤ㸪ࢪ࢙ࣥࢲ࣮ㄽࡣṇࡋ࠸ၥ࠸ࢆࡍࡿࡀ㸪ᥦ౪ࡋ࡚࠸ࡿ⟅࠼ࡣ㛫㐪ࡗ࡚࠸ࡿࠋᙜ஦⪅ࡓࡕ⮬㌟࡟ࡶ⤖ᒁࡢ࡜ࡇࢁᐖ ࢆ ୚ ࠼ ࡚ ࠸ ࡿ ࠋ ࡲ ࡓ 㸪 ᩍ ⫱ ⌧ ሙ ࡜ ࡢ 㛵 ಀ ࡛ 㸪 Nicholasȱ TONTIȬFILIPPINI,ȱ “SexȱReassignmentȱandȱCatholicȱSchools,”ȱTheȱNationalȱCatholicȱBioethicsȱQuarterly,ȱVolumeȱ
12,ȱ Issueȱ 1,ȱ Springȱ 2012,ȱ 85Ȭ97,ȱ https://doi.org/10.5840/ncbq201212176;ȱ Walterȱ R.ȱ
SCHUMMȱ andȱ Duaneȱ W.ȱ CRAWFORD,ȱ “Isȱ Researchȱ onȱ Transgenderȱ Childrenȱ Whatȱ Itȱ
Seems?ȱCommentsȱonȱRecentȱResearchȱonȱTransgenderȱChildrenȱwithȱHighȱLevelsȱofȱ
Parentalȱ Support,”ȱ Theȱ Linacreȱ Quarterlyȱ 2020,ȱ Vol.ȱ 87(1)ȱ 9Ȭ24,ȱ https://doi.org/10.1177/ȱ
0024363919884799;ȱGerardȱV.ȱBRADLEY,ȱ“CatholicȱSchoolsȱandȱTransgenderȱStudents,”ȱ
Publicȱ Discourse,ȱ 9ȱ Februaryȱ 2021,ȱ https://www.thepublicdiscourse.com/2021/02/73853
ࡶཧ↷ࠋȱ
52ȱࡲࡓ㸪ᩍⓚᗇࡀⓎᕸࡋࡓࡶࡗ࡜ࡶ᭱㏆ࡢᩥ❶ࡣ 2020 ᖺ 3 ᭶ 23 ᪥࡟⤂௓ࡉࢀࡓ᪂⚟㡢໬᥎㐍ホ㆟఍࡟ࡼࡿࠗ᪂ࡋ࠸ࠕ࢝ࢸࢣ࣮ࢩࢫᣦ㔪㺁࡛࠘࠶ࡿࠋ373 ᮲௨ୗ࡛⏕࿨೔⌮࡟㛵ࡍࡿᗄࡘ࠿ࡢၥ㢟ࢆᢅࡗ࡚࠸ࡿࠋ㑇ఏᏊᕤᏛ࡞࡝ࡢ⛉Ꮫᢏ⾡࡟ࡼࡿᵝࠎ࡞ࠕᮏᛶࢆኚ
࠼ࡿヨࡳࠖ࡜୪࡭࡚㸪377 ᮲࡟࠾࠸࡚ࢪ࢙ࣥࢲ࣮ㄽࡢ୍㒊ࡀᢈุࡉࢀ࡚࠸ࡿࠋ“L’identitàȱ
diȱ genere,ȱ secondoȱ taleȱ posizione,ȱ nonȱ èȱ piùȱ unȱ datoȱ originarioȱ cheȱ l’uomoȱ deveȱ
accogliereȱ eȱ riempireȱ diȱ senso,ȱ bensìȱ unaȱ costruzioneȱ socialeȱ cheȱ siȱ decideȱ
autonomamente,ȱ svincolataȱ totalmenteȱ dalȱ sessoȱ biologico.ȱ L’uomoȱ negaȱ laȱ propriaȱ
naturaȱ eȱ decideȱ cheȱ èȱ luiȱ stessoȱ aȱ crearsela.ȱ Invece,ȱ secondoȱ ilȱ raccontoȱ biblicoȱ dellaȱ
creazione,ȱl’uomoȱèȱstatoȱcreatoȱdaȱDioȱcomeȱmaschioȱeȱcomeȱfemmina.ȱLaȱChiesaȱèȱbenȱ
consapevoleȱ dellaȱ complessitàȱ delleȱ situazioniȱ personaliȱ vissute,ȱ aȱ volte,ȱ inȱ modoȱ
conflittuale.ȱ Essaȱ nonȱ giudicaȱ leȱ persone,ȱ maȱ invitaȱ adȱ accompagnarleȱ sempreȱ eȱ inȱ
qualsiasiȱ situazione.ȱ Èȱ peròȱ consapevoleȱ che,ȱ inȱ unaȱ prospettivaȱ diȱ fede,ȱ laȱ sessualitàȱ
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࡚ࡶᛮ៖῝ࡃ㈼᫂࡞⾲⌧ࢆ౑࠾࠺࡜ࡋ࡚࠸ࡿ༳㇟ࡀཷࡅࡽࢀࡿࠋࡑࢀ࡟ᑐࡋ࡚
୙‶ࢆᣢࡕᢈุࡍࡿேࡣ 3 ࡘࡢ࢝ࢸࢦ࣮ࣜ࡟ศ࠿ࢀࡿࡔࢁ࠺ࠋȱ1㸧⾲⌧ࡣ᭕᫕࡛㸪ᰂࡽ࠿㐣ࡂࡿ࡜୺ᙇࡍࡿே㸸☜࠿࡟࣓ࢹ࢕࢔ࡸάືᐙࡀᣢ
ࡗ࡚࠸ࡿໃ࠸࡟ẚ࡭ࢀࡤ㸪ࡇࡇ࡛⤂௓ࡉࢀࡿ࣓ࢵࢭ࣮ࢪࡣࡑࢀ࡟᩿↛㈇ࡅ࡚ࡋ
ࡲ࠺ȱЍȱ ࢖ࢹ࢜ࣟࢠ࣮඲యࢆㄽ㥍ࡍࡿࡢࡀࡇࡢᩥ᭩ࡢ┠ⓗ࡛ࡣ࡞࠿ࡗࡓࡢ࡛㸪ഴ⫈ࡋヰࡋྜ࠺ぶษ࡞ែᗘ࡛Ⰻ࠿ࡗࡓࡀ㸪ฟࡉࢀࡓ᫬ᮇࡣᑡࡋ㐜࠸࠿ࡶࡋࢀ࡞࠸ࠋ
ȱ
2㸧ᑐヰ࡜ࡣゝ࠸࡞ࡀࡽ㸪⏕ࡲࢀࡘࡁࡢᛶู࡜␗࡞ࡿࢪ࢙ࣥࢲ࣮ࢆᣢࡘேࡢゝ࠸ศࢆᩍ఍ࡣ⤖ᒁཷࡅධࢀ࡞࠸࡜ッ࠼ࡿே53㸸ࡇࡢᝎࡳࢆᣢࡗࡓேࠎࡀࡓࡔᝎ
ࡳࢆ⪺࠸࡚ࡶࡽ࠺ࡔࡅ࡛඲࡚ゎỴࡍࡿࢃࡅ࡛ࡣ࡞࠸ࡢࡣ㛫㐪࠸࡞࠸ȱЍȱ ཷࡅධࢀࡽࢀࡿ୺ᙇ࡜ཷࡅධࢀࡽࢀ࡞࠸୺ᙇࡀ࠶ࡿ㸹౛࠼ࡤᛶู⾲⌧ࡢࡓࡵ࡟ㄡ࡛ࡶᩍ఍㸪Ꮫᰯ㸪⑓㝔࡞࡝࠿ࡽ㏣࠸ฟࡉࢀࡿࡇ࡜ࡣ࠶ࡗ࡚ࡣ࠸ࡅ࡞࠸
ࡀ㸪ࡋ࠿ࡋ㸪ࡑࢀࡒࢀࡢ୺యࡀᐃࡵࡿ౯್ほ࡟ἢࢃ࡞࠸⾜ືࢆ᩿ࡿࡇ࡜ࡣྍ⬟࡛࠶ࡿ㸦ᮏᩥ᭩ࡣ࠶ࡃࡲ࡛ࡶ࢝ࢺࣜࢵࢡࡢᩍ⫱ᶵ㛵࡟ࡘ࠸࡚ㄒࡗ࡚࠸ࡿࡢ࡛㸟㸧ࠋȱ3㸧ಙ௮࡜ࡣ㛵ಀࡀ࡞࠸ࡢ࡛ᩍ఍ࡀ㛵ࢃࡿၥ㢟࡛ࡣ࡞࠸࡜ㄽࡌࡿே㸸බ❧ࡢᏛᰯ࡛ࡣㄡࡀ࡝ࢇ࡞ࢺ࢖ࣞࢆ౑ࡗ࡚࠸ࡿ࠿ࡣࡑࡢタ❧ẕయ࡜฼⏝⪅ࡢ㛫ࡢၥ㢟࡛࠶ࡿȱЍȱ ᨻ἞ࡸᏛၥࡲ࡛ᾐ㏱ࡋ࡚ࡃࡿ࡜㸪ࡶࡣࡸࢪ࢙ࣥࢲ࣮ㄽ࡟ಶேಶே❧ࡕྥȱȱȱȱȱȱȱȱȱȱȱȱȱȱȱȱȱȱȱȱȱȱȱȱȱȱȱȱȱȱȱȱȱȱȱȱȱȱȱȱ ȱȱȱȱȱȱȱȱȱȱȱȱȱȱȱȱȱȱȱȱȱȱȱȱȱ
nonȱèȱsoloȱunȱdatoȱfisico,ȱmaȱèȱunaȱrealtàȱpersonale,ȱunȱvaloreȱaffidatoȱallaȱresponsabilitàȱ
dellaȱpersona.”ȱ ࡑࡇ࡛ࡣ㸪ࡸࡣࡾ㸪๰ୡグࡢᇶ♏ⓗ࡞ᐃ⌮࡟ᇶ࡙ࡁ㸪ᛶู࡜ࢪ࢙ࣥࢲ࣮
ࡢ஋㞳ࡀྰᐃࡉࢀ㸪ே᱁ࢆᛶู࡜ࡑࡢ⾲⌧࡟㑏ඖ࡛ࡁ࡞࠸ࡇ࡜ࡀッ࠼ࡽࢀ㸪㞴ࡋ࠸≧ἣ࡟⏕ࡁ࡚࠸ࡿேࡢᏑᅾࡀㄆࡵࡽࢀ࡚㸪ࡑࡢேࠎ࡟ᑐࡋ࡚⿢ࡁ࡛ࡣ࡞ࡃྠకࡍࡿጼໃࡢ㔜せᛶࡀᙉㄪࡉࢀ࡚࠸ࡿࠋȱ53 ȱࡇ ࡢ ↓ ᮲ ௳ ࡢ ཷ ࡅ ධ ࢀ ࢆ య⌧ ࡋ ࡚ ࠸ ࡿ ࡢࡣ ࢔ ࣓ ࣜ ࢝ ேࡢ ࢖ ࢚ ࢬ ࢫ ఍Ặ ࡢ JamesȱMARTIN ࡛࠶ࡿ㸦“ListenȱtoȱtheȱL.G.B.T.ȱperson:ȱaȱresponseȱtoȱtheȱVatican’sȱgenderȱtheoryȱ
document,”ȱAmerica,ȱ11ȱJuneȱ2019,ȱhttps://www.americamagazine.org/faith/2019/06/11/ȱ
listenȬlgbtȬpersonȬresponseȬvaticansȬgenderȬtheoryȬdocument ࢆཧ↷㸧ࠋᙜ↛㸪ᙜヱࡢᩥ᭩ࢆᢈุⓗ࡟ぢ࡚࠸ࡿࠋ㛫㐪࠸࡞ࡃ㸪ࢺࣛࣥࢫࢪ࢙ࣥࢲ࣮ࡢேࡶㄡ࡛ࡶఱࡽ࠿ࡢᒃሙᡤࢆᚲせ࡜ࡋ㸪⮬ศ࡟┦ᛂࡋ࠸ྠకࢆࡋ࡚ࡶࡽ࠺࡭ࡁ࡛࠶ࡿࠋࡋ࠿ࡋ㸪ᙼࡢḼ㏄࡜៘ࡵࡢጼໃࡣᯝࡓࡋ࡚ຠᯝⓗ࡛࠶ࡾ㸪ᘓタⓗ࡛࠶ࢁ࠺࠿ࠋᏳ࠸㸪⏑࠸㯞㓉࡞ࡢ࡛ࡣ࡞࠸ࡔࢁ
࠺࠿ࠋȱ

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࠿࠺ࡇ࡜ࡣ࡛ࡁ࡞࠸㸪ࡑࡢேࠎࡀ≛≅⪅࡟࡞ࡽ࡞࠸ࡼ࠺࡟௦ࢃࡾ࡟ᩍ఍ࡀኌࢆ
ୖࡆࡿᶒ฼㸦࡜ྠ᫬࡟⩏ົ㸧ࢆᣢࡗ࡚࠸ࡿࡢࡣ☜࠿࡛࠶ࡾ㸪ලయⓗ࡞ᨻ⟇ࢆᢈุࡋᥦ᱌ࡍࡿࡢ࡛ࡣ࡞ࡃ㸪࠶ࡃࡲ࡛ࡶ౯್㸦ࡦ࠸࡚ࡣဴᏛ㸪೔⌮࡞࡝㸧ࡢุ᩿ࢆࡍࡿ࡜࠸࠺ᙺ๭ࡣྰࡵ࡞࠸ࠋ⓶⫗࡞ࡇ࡜࡟᐀ᩍࡣ㠀⛉Ꮫⓗ࠶ࡿ࠸ࡣ཯⛉Ꮫⓗ࡜ࡋࡤࡋࡤᛮࢃࢀࡀࡕࡔࡗࡓࡀ㸪ࡇࡢၥ㢟࡟㛵ࡋ࡚ࡣᩍ఍ࡀ⛉Ꮫࡢ⮬ᚊࢆᏲࢁ࠺࡜ࡍࡿࠋȱ
ȱලయⓗ࡞ྡ๓࡟ゐࢀࡿࡇ࡜ࡣ୍ษ࡞ࡃ㸪࡯࡜ࢇ࡝௨๓ࡢබᩥ᭩࠿ࡽࡢᘬ⏝ࢆ⦭࠸ྜࢃࡏ࡚࠸ࡿࡔࡅ࡛㸪ከࡃࡢ࣏࢖ࣥࢺࢆᬯ♧ࡉࡏ࡚࠸ࡿࡢࡣ☜࠿࡛࠶ࡿࠋ
ศ࠿ࡿே࡟ࡣศ࠿ࡿࡀ㸪ึࡵ࡚ࢪ࢙ࣥࢲ࣮ㄽ࡟ࡘ࠸࡚ㄞࢇ࡛࠸ࡿே࡟ࡣ࠾ࡑࡽ
ࡃከࡃࡢ␲ၥ㸪࠶ࡿ࠸ࡣ᭦࡞ࡿ㛵ᚰࢆṧࡋ࡚ࡋࡲ࠺ࠋ௚᪉࡛㸪⪷᭩࡬ࡢゝཬࡣ
1 ⟠ᡤࡢࡳ㸪࠶࡜ࡣ࡞ࡿ࡭ࡃㄽ⌮ⓗ࡞⪃ᐹ࡟㢗ࢁ࠺࡜ࡍࡿࡇ࡜ࡣ㈹㈶࡟್ࡍࡿࠋ
࡞ࡐ࡞ࡽ㸪ࡇࢀࡣ᐀ᩍⓗ࡞ಙ௮ࡢၥ㢟࡛ࡣ࡞ࡃ㸪ဴᏛⓗ࣭⛉Ꮫⓗ࡞ၥ㢟ࡔ࠿ࡽ࡛࠶ࡿࠋ୎ᑀ࡛ㅬ㐯ⓗ࡞᭩ࡁ᪉ࡣⰋ࠸ࡢࡔࡀ㸪᫬࡜ࡋ࡚ᢳ㇟ⓗ࡞グ㏙ࡣ㸪ලయⓗ࡞ᥦ᱌ࢆࡋ⥆ࡅ࡚࠸ࡿࢪ࢙ࣥࢲ࣮ㄽ㸦࡜ࡑࢀ࡟ᇶ࡙ࡃάື㸧࡜⶝ᘏࡍࡿୡ಑
ⓗ࡞ᛶᩍ⫱࡟㈇ࡅࡎ࡟ᑐᢠࡍࡿࡇ࡜ࡀ࡛ࡁࡿࡔࢁ࠺࠿ࠋࡶࡋ࠿ࡍࡿ࡜㸪ࡇࡢᩥ᭩⮬యࡶࡓࡔၥ㢟ᥦ㉳ࢆࡋࡓ࡟㐣ࡂࡎ㸪ලయⓗ࡞ゎỴ᱌54ȱ ࡣࡇࢀ࠿ࡽࡢ⪃ᐹ㸪ࡲࡓࡣྛᏛᰯ࡟௵ࡏࡼ࠺࡜ࡋ࡚࠸ࡿ࠿ࡶࡋࢀ࡞࠸ࠋᕪࡋᙜࡓࡗ࡚㸪ࡇࡢၥ㢟ࡀᏑᅾࡍࡿࡇ࡜ࡀ༑ศ࡟ព㆑ࡉࢀ࡚࠸ࡿ࠿࡝࠺࠿ࢆ☜ㄆࡋࡓ࠿ࡗࡓࡢ࡛ࡣ࡞࠸ࡔ
ࢁ࠺࠿ࠋ᭱⤊ⓗ࡞⟅࠼ࡀ࡞࠸㸪࠶ࡿ࠸ࡣ࠸ࡘࡲ࡛ࡶ⟅࠼ࡢぢࡘ࠿ࡽ࡞࠸ၥ㢟ࡶ࠶ࡿࡇ࡜ࢆㄆࡵ࡚࠸ࡿࠋࡲࡎ㸪ᇶ♏࡜࡞ࡿཎ⌮ࢆᥖࡆࡿࡇ࡜ࢆពᅗࡋ࡚࠸ࡓ࡜
ࡶ⪃࠼ࡽࢀࡿࠋࡓࡔࡋ㸪⫼ᬒ࡟࠶ࡿ⌧㇟ࡸලయⓗ࡞஦౛ࢆ▱ࡽ࡞࠸ே࡟࡜ࡗ࡚㸪ఱᨾ࡟ࢪ࢙ࣥࢲ࣮࡜ᩍ⫱ࡢ㛵ಀࡀࡑࢇ࡞࡟༴࠺࠸࠿ࡀ࠾ࡑࡽࡃࡋࡗࡃࡾࡇ࡞࠸
ȱȱȱȱȱȱȱȱȱȱȱȱȱȱȱȱȱȱȱȱȱȱȱȱȱȱȱȱȱȱȱȱȱȱȱȱȱȱȱȱ ȱȱȱȱȱȱȱȱȱȱȱȱȱȱȱȱȱȱȱȱȱȱȱȱȱ
54

ȱ౛࠼ࡤ㸪ࣉࣛ࢖ࣂࢩ࣮ࢆᏲࡽࢀࡘࡘ㸪౑࠸ࡸࡍ࠸ࡼ࠺࡟ singleȱ occupancy ࢺ࢖ࣞࢆቑ
ࡸࡍࡇ࡜࡞࡝ࡀࡑࡢࡼ࠺࡞ᥦ᱌ࡢ౛࡛࠶ࡿࠋ㞀ᐖ⪅⏝࡜ゝࢃࡎ㸪ከ┠ⓗࢺ࢖ࣞ࡜࿧ࡪࡢ
ࡣ㸪୍ࡘࡢᡭ࡛࠶ࢁ࠺ࠋࡋ࠿ࡋ㸪ከࡃࡢሙྜ㸪ࢪ࢙ࣥࢲ࣮ㄽࡢάືᐙࡣࡑࡢࡼ࠺࡞ࡇ࡜
ࢆồࡵ࡚ࡶ࠸࡞࠸ࡋ㸪ࡇࡢࡼ࠺࡞ጇ༠᱌࡟⣡ᚓࡋ࡞࠸ࡇ࡜ࡶ⌧ᐇ࡛࠶ࡿࠋ࠶ࡿ࠸ࡣ㸪඲࡚ࡢேࡀᛶูࡸᛶ⮬ㄆ࡜඲ࡃ㛵ಀ࡞ࡃ౑࠼ࡿタഛࢆせồࡍࡿ࡞ࡽ㸪ࡑࢀ࡟ࡣᑡ࡞ࡃ࡜
ࡶ࠶ࡿ✀ࡢㄽ⌮ⓗ࡞୍㈏ᛶࡸබᖹᛶࡀぢࡽࢀࡿࡀ㸪⮬ศ࡜␗࡞ࡿ࡜ぢཷࡅࡽࢀࡿᛶู
ࡢே࡜୍⥴࡟ࡑࢀࢆ౑࠸ࡓࡃ࡞࠸ேࡢẼᣢࡕࢆ⪃៖ࡋ࡞ࡅࢀࡤ࡞ࡽ࡞࠸ࠋȱ

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ࡔࢁ࠺㹿55ȱ ᭱ᚋ࡟㸪ᑡ࡞ࡃ࡜ࡶⱥㄒヂࡢࡇ࡜ࡔࡅࡔࡀ㸪ᩥ❶࡟ࡣṧᛕ࡞ࡀࡽᩘከ
ࡃࡢㄗࡾࡀ࠶ࡾ㸪⦅㞟≧ែ࡟ࡣࡸࡸ୙༑ศ࡞࡜ࡇࢁࡀ࠶ࡿࡇ࡜ࡶᣦ᦬ࡋ࡚࠾ࡇ࠺ࠋȱ
ȱ
ȱ
⤖ㄽȱ
ȱ
௨ୖࡢࡇ࡜࠿ࡽ㸪ᛶ⮬ㄆ࡟ᝎࡴ࡜࠸࠺⌧㇟࡜ࢪ࢙ࣥࢲ࣮ㄽࡀ⌧ᐇ࡛࠶ࡿ࡜࠸
࠺ࡇ࡜㸪ࡲࡓᵝࠎ࡞ືᶵ࡛ࡸࡸࡶࡍࡿ࡜᥎ዡࡉࢀࡀࡕ࡞ࢪ࢙ࣥࢲ࣮ㄽࡣ၏୍ࡢ
ゎỴ⟇࡛ࡶ࡞ࡅࢀࡤ㸪ᐇ㝿ࡢᛶⓗᑡᩘὴ࡜࿧ࡤࢀࡿᙅ⪅ࡢၥ㢟ࢆ඲࡚ወ㊧ⓗ࡟ゎỴࡍࡿ᪉ἲ࡛ࡶ࡞࠸࡜࠸࠺ࡇ࡜ࡀศ࠿ࡗࡓࠋࡇࡢၥ㢟࡟㛵ࡍࡿᩥ⊩ࡀ཮᪉࡟࠾࠸࡚ከᒱ࡟ࢃࡓࡿࡇ࡜㸪ࡲࡓ㸪ࡇࡢࢸ࣮࣐ࡀ㔜せ࡛ᑗ᮶࡟Ώࡗ࡚Ỵᐃⓗ࡛࠶ࡿࡇ࡜ࢆㄞ⪅࡟ㄝᚓࡍࡿࡇ࡜ࡀ࡛ࡁࡓࡇ࡜ࢆ㢪ࡗ࡚࠸ࡿࠋ≉࡟᪥ᮏ࡛ࡣ㸪ࡑࢀࡒࢀࡢࢪ࢙ࣥࢲ࣮ࡢ࠶ࡾ᪉ࡸ≉ᚩ࡟ࡘ࠸࡚࡛ࡣ࡞ࡃ㸪ࢪ࢙ࣥࢲ࣮ࡢᴫᛕࢆᢈุ
ࡋ⬺ᵓ⠏ࡍࡿ᪂ࡋ࠸ࢱ࢖ࣉࡢࢪ࢙ࣥࢲ࣮ㄽ࡟㛵ࡍࡿ◊✲ࡸ㸪࡜ࡾࢃࡅ࢟ࣜࢫࢺ
ᩍࡢ❧ሙ࠿ࡽぢࡓࡑࡢホ౯࡜ศᯒࢆࡍࡿ◊✲ࡣ౫↛࡜ࡋ࡚ᑡ࡞࠸ࠋ◊✲ᡂᯝࡀฟࡉࢀ⥆ࡅࡿ࡟ࡘࢀ㸪ࣂࢳ࢝ࣥࡢ㸦ᚋ࠿ࡽࡢ㸧ᣦ♧ࡣࡇࢀ࠿ࡽࡶ⥆ࡃࡇ࡜ࡣ᝿
ീࡉࢀࡿࠋ௒ࡲ࡛࠶ࡗࡓ᩿∦ⓗ࡞グ㏙ࡸⓎゝࢆඖ࡟㸪ᮏㄽᩥ࡛ࡣᛶู࡟㛵ࡍࡿ࠶ࡽࡺࡿၥ㢟㸪୙୍⮴ࡸ㌿᥮ࡢྍ⬟ᛶࢆ඲యⓗ࡟ᤊ࠼ࡓࡢ࡛ࡣ࡞ࡃ㸪ᵝࠎ࡞ព࿡࡛≀ࡢぢ᪉ࡸ㸪⮬ศ⮬㌟ࡢ࢔࢖ࢹࣥࢸ࢕ࢸ࢕ࡀⓎ㐩㏵୰࡟࠶ࡿࠕᏊ౪ࠖࡢࢪ
࢙ࣥࢲ࣮ࡢၥ㢟࡟↔Ⅼࢆᙜ࡚ࡓࠋ↓どࡍࡿࡇ࡜ࡶ㐣๫࡞ὀពࡍࡿࡇ࡜ࡶ㸪࡝ࡕࡽࡶᴟ➃࡛ᮃࡲࡋࡃ࡞࠸ែᗘ࡛࠶ࡿࡇ࡜ࢆᩥ⊩࠿ࡽㄞࡳྲྀࡾ㸪୺ᙇࡋࡓࠋ⏕ᚓⓗ࡞ᛶู࡜␗࡞ࡿᵝᏊࢆ♧ࡍᏊ౪ࡢࢪ࢙ࣥࢲ࣮ࢆ⫯ᐃⓗ࡟ㄆ㆑ࡋ㸪ࡑࢀ࡬ࡢ㌿᥮ࢆ⫯ᐃⓗ࡟ࡉࡏ࡚࠶ࡆࡓ࠸ከࡃࡢぶࡢᝎࡳ࡜ၿពࡣ☜࠿࡞ࡶࡢ࡛ࡣ࠶ࡿࡀ㸪ȱȱȱȱȱȱȱȱȱȱȱȱȱȱȱȱȱȱȱȱȱȱȱȱȱȱȱȱȱȱȱȱȱȱȱȱȱȱȱȱ ȱȱȱȱȱȱȱȱȱȱȱȱȱȱȱȱȱȱȱȱȱȱȱȱȱ
55

ȱ౛࠼ࡤ㸪࡜࠶ࡿඛ㐍ᅜࡢࡼ࠺࡟㸪ಶேࡢ⮬ᚊࢆᙉㄪࡍࡿ࠶ࡲࡾ࡟㸪Ꮚ౪ࡢࢪ࢙ࣥࢲ࣮࣭
࢔࢖ࢹࣥࢸ࢕ࢸ࢕ࡀᐙᗞ⎔ቃ࡛༑ศ࡟ᑛ㔜ࡉࢀ࡚࠸࡞࠸࡜ᛮࢃࢀࢀࡤ㸪Ꮫᰯഃࡀぶ࡬ࡢ㐃⤡࡞ࡋ࡟㸪Ꮫᰯ࡟࠸ࡿ㛫࡟Ꮚ౪ࢆ⮬ศࡢዲࡳ࡟ྜࢃࡏู࡚ࡢࢪ࢙ࣥࢲ࣮࡜ࡋ࡚ᢅ
࠺ࡇ࡜ࡶチྍࡉࢀ㸪᥎㐍ࡉࢀ࡚࠸ࡿࠋࡲࡓ㸪㐲㊊࡞࡝ࡢ㝿㸪ぶࡢᢎㅙ࡞ࡋ࡟㸪࡝ࡢࢪ࢙ࣥࢲ࣮ࡢ࡝ࡢᏊ౪ࢆㄡ࡜୍⥴࡟ྠࡌ㒊ᒇ࡟Ἡࡲࡽࡏࡿ࠿ࡶᏛᰯࡀỴࡵ㸪⏕ࡲࢀࡘࡁࡢ
⏨ᛶ࡛ዪᛶࡔ࡜☜ಙࡋ࡚࠸ࡿᏊ౪ࡀ⏕ࡲࢀࡘࡁዪᛶ࡛࠶ࡿᏊ౪࡜୍⥴࡟Ἡࡲࡿࡇ࡜ࢆ
ᐙ᪘ࡀ▱ࡿࡇ࡜ࡶ㸪ᣄྰࡍࡿࡇ࡜ࡶ࡛ࡁ࡞࠸࡜࠸࠺ഴྥࡶぢࡽࢀࡿࠋȱ

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ᚲࡎࡋࡶ඲࡚ࡢሙྜ࡟࠾࠸࡚ࡑࡢᏊ౪࡟࡜ࡗ࡚᭱ၿ⟇࡛ࡣ࡞࠸ࠋᑓ㛛ᐙࡀྜពࢆᚓࡽࢀ࡞࠸࡞ࡽ㸪୍⯡ேࡢぶࡸᩍ⫱⪅ࡣᑦ᭦ࡇࡢࢪ࢙ࣥࢲ࣮ㄽࡀఱࢆព࿡ࡋ
࡚࠸ࡿ࠿ࢆ຺㐪࠸ࡋ࡚࠸ࡿࡇ࡜ࡀ⛥࡛ࡣ࡞࠸ࡔࢁ࠺㹿56ȱ ࡋࡓࡀࡗ࡚㸪ࢪ࢙ࣥࢲ࣮ㄽࡢᢈุࡣ୺࡟ 3 ࡘࡢഃ㠃࠿ࡽ⾜࠺ࡇ࡜ࡀ࡛ࡁࡿࠋࡍ࡞ࢃࡕ㸪㸦1㸧་⒪೔⌮ⓗホ౯࠾ࡼࡧ೺ᗣ࡬ࡢᙳ㡪ȰȰᮍᡂᖺࡢ⮬ᚊᛶࡢᑛ㔜ࡸ㸪ᛮ᫓ᮇࢆ㐜ࡽࡏ㸪ᅇ㑊ࡉࡏࡿၥ㢟ȰȰ㸪㸦2㸧୙ᚲせᛶ࠾ࡼࡧ୙㊊ࡋ࡚࠸ࡿຠᯝȰȰῶᑡࡋ࡞࠸⮬ẅ⋡㸪ྠ➼ࡢຠᯝࢆᣢࡘ㠀౵くⓗ࡞᪉ἲࡢྍ⬟ᛶ㸦ᚰ⌮⒪ἲ㸧ȰȰ㸪㸦3㸧ᨻ἞ⓗ࡞ᶒຊ࡟ࡼࡿ᥎㐍࠾ࡼࡧᢚᅽ࣭ᙉไȰȰ་ᖌࡸ◊✲⪅ࡢ㏕ᐖȰȰ࡞ࡢ࡛࠶ࡿࠋ
ࡇࡢࡼ࠺࡞␲ၥࡀከࡃṧࡗ࡚࠸ࡿࡼ࠺࡞ሙྜ࡟㸪≉࡟ៅ㔜࡟㐍ࡳ㸪ࡼࡾ↓㞴࡞㐨ࢆ㑅ࡪ࡭ࡁ࡛࠶ࢁ࠺ࠋȱ⤖ㄽ࡜ࡋ࡚㸪ࡲࡎ㸪ឤ᝟࡟ὶࡉࢀࡿࡇ࡜࡞ࡃ㸪་Ꮫ࡜࠸࠸ᚰ⌮Ꮫ࡜࠸࠸㸪௒ᚋ᭦࡞ࡿ◊✲ࡀᚲせ࡛࠶ࡿࡇ࡜ࡣ᫂ࡽ࠿࡛࠶ࡿࠋࡑࢀ࠿ࡽ㸪LGBTIQ+࡞࡝࡜ྠࡌ᪝ࡢඖ࡛㞟ࡲࡿࡢࡣⰋ࠸ࡅࢀ࡝ࡶ㸪⏕Ṫჾࡢ⑌ᝈ㸪㑇ఏᏊࡢ␗ኚ㸪ᛶ⮬ㄆ㸪ࡲࡋ࡚ࡸᛶⓗᣦྥ࡞࡝㸪ࡸࡣࡾ㸪ศࡅ࡚⪃࠼ࡿᚲせࡀ࠶ࡿࠋࡑࡢཎᅉࡶᖐ⤖ࡶࡑࢀࡒࢀ␗࡞ࡿ࠿ࡽ࡛࠶ࡿࠋࡋ࠿ࡶ㸪ࡑࡢ◊✲ࢆఱࡼࡾࡶ࢖ࢹ࢜ࣟࢠ࣮࠿ࡽゎᨺࡋࡓୖ࡛㸪ྛࠎࡀ⮬⏤࡟࡛ࡁࡿ⎔ቃࢆ୚࠼ࡽࢀࡿࡇ࡜ࡀ➨୍ࡢ๓ᥦ࡛࠶ࡿࠋ
⏕≀Ꮫⓗ࡞᮲௳࡟ᇶ࡙࠸࡚ேࠎࢆỴࡵࡽࢀࡓ࢝ࢸࢦ࣮ࣜ࡟ᙜ࡚ࡣࡵ࡚㸪ࡑࢀ࡟ྜࢃ࡞࠸ேࢆᕪูࡋࡓࡾᙉไࡋࡓࡾࡍࡿࡇ࡜࡜㸪ྛಶே࡟ዲࡁ຾ᡭ࡞ࡇ࡜ࢆࡸ
ࡽࡏ㸪ឤࡌ࡚࠸ࡿࡀࡲࡲ࡟ఱ࡛ࡶࡉࡏ࡚࠶ࡆࡿࡇ࡜࡜㸪ࡇࡢ 2 ࡘࡢ㑅ᢥ⫥ࡋ࠿࡞࠸ࢃࡅ࡛ࡣ࡞࠸ࠋᏛᰯࡸ఍♫࡞࡝㸪ⓙࡢࡓࡵࡢᒃሙᡤࢆసࡿࡇ࡜ࡀ኱஦ࡔࡀ㸪ྛಶே࡟ྜࢃࡏ࡚௙⤌ࡳࡸไᗘ඲యࢆࡑࡢ㒔ᗘኚ࠼ࡿࡇ࡜ࡣᚲせ࡞࠸ࡋ㸪ᮃࡲࡋࡃ࡞࠸ࠋ࡞࡟ࡋࢁ㸪ࡍࡄཷࡅṆࡵࡽࢀ࡞࠸⌧ᐇࡣୡ⏺ࡸே⏕࡟ከࠎ࠶ࡿࡢ࡛㸪ཷࡅධࢀࡽࢀ࡞࠸ࡶࡢࢆ඲࡚ྰᐃࡋ㸪᤼㝖ࡋ㸪సࡾኚ࠼ࡼ࠺࡜ࡍࡿࡢ࡛ࡣ࡞ࡃ㸪ᑡࡋ࡛ࡶཷࡅධࢀࡽࢀᖹ࿴ࢆぢฟࡍࡼ࠺๓㐍ࡍࡿࡇ࡜ࡀࡼࡾᛮ៖῝࠸⾜Ⅽ࡛࠶ࡿࠋ☜࠿࡟㸪୍ᯛᒾ࡛ࡣ࡞ࡃ㸪ከᑡࡓࡾ࡜ࡶᙧసࡽࢀᚓࡿ⮬ศࡢᮏᛶࢆኚ࠼࡚
ȱȱȱȱȱȱȱȱȱȱȱȱȱȱȱȱȱȱȱȱȱȱȱȱȱȱȱȱȱȱȱȱȱȱȱȱȱȱȱȱ ȱȱȱȱȱȱȱȱȱȱȱȱȱȱȱȱȱȱȱȱȱȱȱȱȱ
56ȱ஦ᐇ㸪ከࡃࡢேࡣࢪ࢙ࣥࢲ࣮ㄽࢆࡓࡔᛶᩍ⫱࡛࠶ࡿ࡜࠿㸪ዪᛶࡢ♫఍㐍ฟಁ㐍ࡸ⏨ᛶ࡜ྠᵝࡢᖹ➼ࡢᙉㄪ࡜࠿㸪ே✀ᕪู࡜ྠࡌࡼ࠺࡟ఱேࡶ୙බᖹ࡞ᢅ࠸ࢆཷࡅ࡚ࡣ࡞ࡽ࡞
࠸࡜࠸࠺ᶒ฼⌮ㄽ࡛࠶ࡾ㸪࡞ࢇ࡜࡞ࡃẼᣢࡕⓗ࡟Ⰻ࠸ࡶࡢࡔ࡜ࡔࡅ᝿ീࡋ࡚࠸ࡿࠋȱ

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࠸ࡃࡓࡵ࡟ࡣ㸪ࡸࡣࡾ㸪ఱ࠿☜ᅛࡓࡿᅵྎࡀ࡞࠸࡜㸪ࡘ࠿ࡳ࡝ࡇࢁࡀ࡞࠸ࡢ࡛࠶
ࡿࠋ⮬↛ᮏᛶࡶࡑࡢࡼ࠺࡞ࡶࡢ࡛ࡣ࡞࠿ࢁ࠺࠿ࠋ⮬ศ࡟ᑐࡍࡿぢ᪉ࡢኚ໬ࡣỴࡋ
࡚ 18 ṓ࡛⤊ࢃࡿࢃࡅ࡛ࡣ࡞࠸ࡇ࡜ࡶከ࠸ࡢ࡛㸪୍⏕ࡢὶࢀࢆኚ࠼࡚ࡋࡲ࠺Ỵ᩿ࢆ࡞ࡿ࡭ࡃඛᘏࡤࡋࡋࡓ᪉ࡀ᫂ࡽ࠿࡟↓㞴࡞㐨࡛࠶ࡿࠋᏊ౪ࡣ♫఍Ꮫ⪅ࡸ⢭⚄་Ꮫ⪅ࡸᨻ἞ᐙࡢᐇ㦂ྎࡔࡅ࡟ࡣ࡞ࡗ࡚ࡣ࡞ࡽ࡞࠸ࠋᆺࢆ◚ࡿࡇ࡜ࡀ࡛ࡁࡿ࡜࠿㸪࠶ࡿ࠸ࡣ◚ࡿ࡭ࡁ࠿࡝࠺࠿ࡣᚋ࡟ᅇࡍ࡜ࡋ࡚㸪ࡲࡎࡣᆺ࡟ࡣࡲࡽ࡞࠸࡜࡛ࡁ࡞
࠸ࠋࡶࡕࢁࢇ㸪వィ࡞ࣉࣞࢵࢩ࣮ࣕࡸᭀຊࡣ࠸࠿࡞ࡿ≧ἣ࡟࠾࠸࡚ࡶ㑊ࡅࡿ࡭ࡁࡔࡀ㸪඲࡚ࡢᮇᚅࢆᨺᲠࡍࡿࡇ࡜ࡣࡴࡋࢁ㏫ຠᯝⓗ࡛࠶ࡿࠋఏ⤫ⓗ࡞ཎ๎ࠕኚ࠼
ࡽࢀ࡞࠸ࡇ࡜ࢆཷࡅධࢀࡿຊ࡜㸪ኚ࠼ࡽࢀࡿࡇ࡜ࢆኚ࠼ࡿຊ࡜ࡑࢀࡽࢆ༊ูࡍࡿ
▱ᜨࡶࡳ࡞ᚲせ࡛࠶ࡿࠖࢆᛮ࠸ฟࡋ㸪ࡑࡢᚋ༙ࡔࡅ࡛ࡣ࡞ࡃ๓༙ࡶ኱஦࡛࠶ࡿࡇ
࡜ࡶᨵࡵ࡚ᙉㄪࡋ࡚࠾ࡁࡓ࠸ࠋࢪ࢙ࣥࢲ࣮ㄽࡢᨭᣢ⪅ࡶ཯ㄽ⪅ࡶ㸪⮬ศࡢ୺ᙇ࡛⾜ࡁ㐣ࡂࡓ࡜ࡇࢁࡲ࡛㐍ࡴྍ⬟ᛶࡀ࠶ࡿࡀ㸪┦ᑐ୺⩏ࡢ༴㝤ࡣఱ࡟࠾࠸࡚ࡶ࡞࠾⾜ࡁ㐣ࡂࡿࡇ࡜ࢆᜍࢀࡿ࠶ࡲࡾ࡟୰㏵༙➃࡞ጇ༠࡛⤊ࢃࡗ࡚ࡋࡲ࠺ࡇ࡜࡛࠶ࡿࠋȱ᭱ᚋ࡟㸪ࢪ࢙ࣥࢲ࣮ㄽ࡜ࡢᑐ❧ࡸ㸪≉࡟኱ேࡢᛶูኚ᭦࡟ࡘ࠸࡚ࡢ㆟ㄽࡣࡇࢀ࠿ࡽࡶ⥆ࡃ࡟㐪࠸࡞࠸ࠋᮏ᮶ࡢ◊✲ᶵ㛵࡟࠾࠸࡚࡛ࡣ࡞ࡃ㸪⿢ุᡤ࡟࠾࠸࡚
࡛࠶ࡿ࠿ࡶࡋࢀ࡞࠸ࠋᮏㄽ✏࡛ࡑࡇࡲ࡛඲㒊ᢅ࠺ࡇ࡜ࡣ㝈⏺ࢆ㉸࠼࡚࠸ࡓࡓࡵ㸪௒ᚋࡢㄢ㢟࡜ࡍࡿࡇ࡜࡟ࡍࡿࠋᵝࠎ࡞ၥ㢟࡟ᑐࡍࡿࣂࢳ࢝ࣥࡢ⪃࠼ࡸホ౯ࡶ᫬௦࡜࡜ࡶ࡟ኚࢃࡾ㸪࠶ࡿ࠸ࡣ⇍ࡍࡿࡇ࡜ࡣ☜࠿ࡔࡀ㸪ࡑ࠺ࡔ࠿ࡽ࡜࠸ࡗ࡚඲࡚
ࡢᥦ᱌ࡀẁࠎཷࡅධࢀࡿࡼ࠺࡟࡞ࡗ࡚࠸ࡃ࡜ࡣ㝈ࡽ࡞࠸ࠋ᫖௒㸪௒᪥ⓗព⩏ࡢ࠶ࡿࢸ࣮࣐࡜ࡋ࡚ࢪ࢙ࣥࢲ࣮ㄽ㸦࡜ࡑࡢᨻ἞ⓗ࡞ᖐ⤖࠾ࡼࡧᩍ⫱࡬ࡢᙳ㡪࡞࡝㸧࡟ᑐࡍࡿࡑࡢᢈุⓗ࡞ែᗘࢆ㈘ࡵ࡚ࠕ༑Ꮠ㌷ࠖ࡜ࣞࢵࢸࣝࢆ㈞ࡽࢀࡿࡇ࡜࡞࡝
ࡣ㸪ᘓタⓗ࡞㆟ㄽࡸㅬ㐯࡞┿⌮㏣ồ࡟ࡣ඲ࡃᙺ❧ࡓ࡞࠸㹿57ȱ ┦ᡭࢆᝏ⪅ᢅ࠸ࡍࡿࡇ࡜ࡣỴࡋ࡚ࡇࡢࡼ࠺࡞㆟ㄽࡢ┠ⓗ࡛ࡣ࡞࠸ࡢ࡛࠶ࡿࠋࡑ࠺࠸࠺ព࿡࡟࠾࠸
࡚ᮏᩥ᭩ࡢ࡯࠺ࡀඃࡗ࡚࠸ࡿࠋȱȱȱȱȱȱȱȱȱȱȱȱȱȱȱȱȱȱȱȱȱȱȱȱȱȱȱȱȱȱȱȱȱȱȱȱȱȱȱȱȱ ȱȱȱȱȱȱȱȱȱȱȱȱȱȱȱȱȱȱȱȱȱȱȱȱȱ
57

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