CROSSROADSCROSSROA DS Language StudioÊs Newsletter May,
May, 201
20 1 6

There are many different types of lies, aswell as varying degrees of lying. Mostpeople claim to have a problem with lying,
yet everybody lies. Some people, known ascompulsive liars, lie all the time… evenwhen there is no reason to. But what arethe reasons for this universal habit?
Researchers claim that people lie in 20
percent of their daily interactions, or
between 100 and 200 times per day. Theselies come in many forms. Often, people
only want to reveal parts of the truth they
feel are acceptable for public consumption,
hiding the full truth in the process.
Sometimes, people tell “white lies” to makeother people feel better. In general,though, people lie by exaggerating,omitting
important
information
or
controlling the content of conversations.
But why specifically do people indulge
inEllalying? One explanation is fear… people areafraid of the consequences of their actions,
soJanislie to cover their tracks. Anothermotivation for lying is manipulation, orgetting people to either do something or
not do something. Furthermore, people lie
because of pride – they simply want tocreate a favourable impression ofthemselves. The big problem with lying is
it becomes a habit and soon you findyourself caught in a web of lies. It’s a sicksituation that can ruin relationships, hurtothers and damage integrity

NET LESSONS: Too busy to come to CROSSROADS?
…. Try our lessons on the net!
Find out how to tell if someone is lying to you here:
http://www.wikihow.com/Detect-Lies

So how do you know if someone is lying toyou? The most obvious way is to examine
the person’s body language. Avoiding eye
contact is the classic sign someone is lying.
Or if their eyes dart to the upper left, it
signifies they are trying to create an image(accessing the left hemisphere of the brain);
the upper right means they are recalling amemory. It is these subconscious actions
that show you the reality of a person’sclaims. Another thing to watch out for isinconsistencies in the story of the speaker.
If they are changing minor details eachtime they recount their story, or theirclaims don’t make logical sense, there’s agood chance you are being lied to. There aremany other variables at play when someone
is not telling the truth, so you need toconsider all the signs on show.
Interestingly, researchers from Harvard
and Duke Universities have discovered that
intelligence doesn’t necessarily correlatewith lying but creativity does. People whowork in creative occupations were found to
be more likely to construct lies to justify
their dishonest actions. In addition, it was
found that the $150,000-plus-per-annum
income group was four times as likely tocheat as thosemaking less than
$15,000 a year
when playing agame to win$50. Moreover,
the rich
didn’t stop forpedestrians
at a crosswalk
nearlyas often as
lesswealthydrivers.
The reason
for thesephenomenais thatenvironment,
and not
any intrinsic
personality
trait, leads torulebreaking. The
solution:self-awareness.

Article by ColmJoshua Says: Here is an interesting fact: the cutting edges on the teeth of a Western saw are set in
the opposite direction to those on a Japanese saw. This means that when a peace of wood is being cut, thecutting action is in the opposite direction – push to cut in the West and pull in Japan. This fact can beseen as an analogy for a fundamental difference in syntax between Japanese and most Westernlanguages. In the West, the action starts with the subject (carpenter) who pushes towards the object(wood); in Japan the action starts by pulling from the object (wood ) towards the subject (the carpenter).

Junko Says: The Japanese Ministry of Education is now planning to
introduce a new testing system in 2019 for 3rd grade junior high school students.
In this test, new sections are going to be added on the conventional reading andwriting tests. There will now be listening and speaking tests as well; thelistening ability test will use a DVD and the speaking ability test will be a faceto-face interview with teachers. I am wondering who these teachers will be...
Mark Says: The world is currently enthralled with the crazy goings on in
the 2016 American Presidential election cycle. However, ridiculous
politicians are not the sole domain of America. The Philippines have justelected a new President who makes Trump look like a saint. Rodrigo Duterte
was elected despite his shocking rape jokes, boasts of womanizing and storiesof the people he has had killed. Just like Trump and other populist politicianshe has gained power by playing to people's fears and ignorances.
Colm Says: Last week saw the United Nations publish their latest HappinessIndex, which ranks the countries of the world in terms of the happiness of
their people. It turns out that Denmark is the happiest country in the world.
Other Scandinavian countries, as well as Canada and New Zealand, wereranked in the top ten. Japan’s ranking of 53 makes no sense to me at all.
Danielle dit: En France, il y a en général onze jours fériés par an, dont deuxou trois en mai. Le 1er mai, la fête du travail, est le seul jour fériéobligatoirement chômé et payé, sauf cas spécial. Le 8 mai, fête de la Victoirede 1945, est également férié. Malheureusement, ces deux jours fériés tombent
un dimanche et en France, on ne les récupère pas le lundi qui suit.
ACROSS
1 keeping out of the way of
3 not in agreement
5 being different in some away
6 destroy
8 influence something for personal gain
11 enjoy to excess without restraint
13 a result caused by a certain action
14 having a mutual relation
15 a pattern of behavior
16 obsessive habitual behavior
DOWN
2 honesty, truthfulness, reliability
4 leaving out
7 a remarkable development
9 convey r express a meaning
10 describe something that has happened
12 make visible or known (print version here)

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www.CrosswordWeaver.com

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The Sports Page with S(a)3’s Taro

Playing Through the Storm
By Keiko Kurita
I’m in the backing band for the TV
show “Nodojiman.” I played on theTV show “Nodojiman” in Niihama on
Saturday the 16th and Sunday the17th of April.
An earthquake occurred inKumamoto on Saturday the 16th at
1:25AM. I was worried about its effecton the show. It was the elimination
show on Saturday.
Another earthquake occurred in
Kyushu before the start of the show.
The Sunday show was supposed tobe broadcast live but was prerecorded instead because of theearthquakes. The elimination show
finished safely, and the pre-recorded
show did too.
The guest singer was NanaMizuki. She is a very famous
animation sound track singer. She isoriginally from Niihama. Many of her
fans came from all over the country
to see her performance. The
audience responded with enthusiasm
to all of the performances.
I hopeand praytheearthquakes
will stopsoon.

What do you think is the mostmemorable topic this year? If you likeThat’s me!
sports, without a doubt, you will answer that
it is the Leicester City miracle!
In the 2015/2016 season, Leicester City
became the champions of the English
Premier football league for the first timein their132-year history. Conventionally, European football titles have beenmonopolized by a hand-full of rich teams. In England, a few big clubs like
Manchester United, Arsenal and Chelsea have controlled the trophy for a longtime. „The rich grow richer, and the poor grow poorer,‰ as they say.
Before the season started, nobody believed Leicester City would becomechampions. The odds of Leicester winning were 5,000 to 1. The odds offinding the Loc Ness Monster (Nessie) are lower – 500 to 1! However,this small club from the East Midlands of England achieved an epochmaking feat. Leicester successfully defeated the mega-clubs! Unbelievable!!
David beat Goliath. I think that soccer is interesting because there areoften big upsets, but I have never seen such a magnificent giant-killing act.
Leicester City gave other small clubs great hope. If you can dream, you cando it.
As a Japanese soccer fan, I feel proud of the fact that a Japaneseplayer, Shinji Okazaki, played an important role in LeicesterÊs fairy tale.
He played regularly as a forward and contributed to the success of his club.
Thanks to Okazaki, many Japanese have identified with Leicester City.
At the same time, IÊm happy if a lot of people in England have become
familiar with Japan.
When I watch LeicesterÊs games on TV, the English commentators
sometimes call Okazaki „samurai‰: „Samurai got a goal‰; „Samurairuns....‰. In English soccer culture, „samurai‰ has already become a word
meaning Japanese athletes. In England, the home of football, they often use
unique expressions. According to a local newspaper in Leicester (availableon the Internet), many supporters thanked the coach, Claudio Ranieri, for
his great job. They repeatedly shouted „Ranieri for President!‰
As a soccer fan and an English student, I recommend that Japanese sports fansshould study English. Through local broadcasts and newspapers, we can clearly
understand what a glorious achievement this was for Leicester City.

V A L I DP
H E R B I V O R E S
MRNP O R T I O N SVVANEISCO V E R R I D I N GSWTEIAES U C C U L E N T
OTXANHCREEE F F L U E N TM U L T I T U D E SUA
D E G R A D A T I O NP A R T A K E
S T A U N C H

Last Month’s Puzzle Solution

ACROSS
1 based on logic and truth
4 animals that feed on grass and otherplants
DOWN
6 parts of something larger
9 having a greater influence or power 2 a strong influence
3 have a tendency towards
11 full of juice
something
12 water mixed with waste matter
5 imagined, a mental image
13 many but indefinite in number
7 people who do not eat meat
14 change to a lower state
8 a broad area (of land)
15 join in or become part of
10 to not include16 consistent, firm, dependable

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