½ ῍ῌ  ῔ῑῌ῍ῌ῏/ ῎ῌῌῒ

ῐ῕



   

!



 ῍῔

ῒ "῎ΐ

!  ῍῔ῒ "῎῔

key words : oral implant, titanium, osseointegration(AX.:&VWBZ[\]Aqe698

ῌ ^ A/ ZC , B#$%&'()*+,-./ 012
3'456 7/%.Z<%.^6BJFG6K

897:;

47/ D!V38^"wG& <7%.=/ >?@;(A'$-&BC#B%.$VwG/ 8Um%&D}56

DEFG.:&HIBJFG6K ?8HI8

#B%.U;8A'Dh,(7/ L1MN'O%/ PQBRSD

,^6 D%.%T-.U;8VW'X:&K Y/ Z[\]

'6BD,8 

D>^.7(8_`aAU<%/ '$-&B('%&^BJjK

b=cDd:6&eDf'ghi6TjD
0  ' 4  5 6 k l , 7 m ;/ d n 8 9῍

8op'qe/ _`'=-&Yr8s

'BD=T6A

%IB%.ft'i6TjDBuX6TjD;7/ [ ¡C[8¢£D)¤8

QOL

m-&K (Aqe60489A:;A*+wG.^&B^j,¥Av

FG6TjDm-&8,v6K w@D23

6¦ K (A/ A§¨%&©8ªD'*D_`a'x^k5ZyD>^.708e.8[-'w«TjBuX687¬= =489klDBz{@|2384D}5v{[F7m^Tj,v6K

698op=:;~G.^6K D&Z[8­®¯ °,v6±²³±´µOral implant treatment
Sozo IID=
Division of Fixed Prosthodontics, Department of Prosthodontics, School of Dentistry,
Iwate Medical University.
+ ῌ - ῌ,1 Chuo-dori, Morioka, Iwate *,*ῌ2/*/, Japan¶·¸¹º. ῍ /0 ῏ ῌ῎ΐ »ῌ῎ῌῌ῔ῑῌῑ

Dent. J. Iwate Med. Univ¼ ῍ῌ  ῔ῑῌ῍ῌ῏/ ῎ῌῌῒ

῏ῌ

½l m<

Table +. Success standard of oral implants at the Toronto meetingῌ © jkP0ª«¬_k `aN`!© bc!B@ <%+\W'(.
ῌ­¤Nd®© e¯°© f±"b© °g6²$ .
ῌ! ³´NP[© µ¶W¢>( '.
ῌ`q· ῍ X¸¹! ῍ Phi!Uºjk»*.,ῌX¼-.











῍ῒῐ῏  ῍ῒ! "#$%&'()*+,-. / 012  3452  6789:2

; 2$ <=>?>(+,-.
῍ῒῐ῏ 6:@ABC8 D
E!EFGHI %J%K
LM



Fig. +. Structure
implants

Q'( /N

Z







?'(XY[\NOP . -*(_`'(
]^

YZ




a-,J! S

teeth

and

oral

῍ 

Brånemark +RLM S>T U V
WOP%

natural NO

P . OE!EFGH
I

of



S

a-

YZ



v!

῎ῌῌ/0%

: ;>(   <J=! +, *(. Ng 01>?N76LPU@
AP0 >?N  PB@ <%-g@A-. YZ 5, ["b K[-. /6%CN DE0PYZ

YZF! <% Fig. + #$G6#cd%e

N. DE0& fg hi"b jklm%_'

01G H' IJ%PP_ KRno)p(%_L_*(. 'S' YZ aJ῍ῒῒῑ

 qS r is K()*>
tTable + ^ . Ou^

 01G\ 'S_0M%N'(+RE!EF

YZ B@ <@A%O>(-v6Mw

. 01G PQNIJ +*( 0῎ῌ*-.

ῐῌῌ"NPg(^%, #$YZ G6#?>+, *(( E!

RNDE0"PS\*"2%N. OOP

EFGH|-P,}.SR YZ

 /0 +~-RP<. %5 Q'(1'<2c23_
4> 56-

 P'(7 -*89 +, *.

 YZ

 01G%_  01G%

/_ #\xykcz{ q+ e&

TUV ¡'( YZ

 PDE0W¢%fg1£ B@ < XNI

Y2%Z[ >\¤-.
YZ 0 T XN¥]2

3¦89§-R jkL]^¨





 

  ,  !"῎ῌῌ  

#$%!

&{P_>|Q' R}&' %( &) *+,)(!%~; S"a&' T|QUV("-&*.#/%!&;+>M" &UV P_>"|Q(0 12 2 345 !

-W!&/X_>' G>

67 189: 5 ; %!#<=>,'>YZ!(kJ;YZ[F' YZ\?@A&BC!#0B

F' YZF(|Q&]^_> BcB'

"D&89 B$EF#Brånemark +&(|$%! !& G("-&' 

Q!B_v P_>a&c

HI? ' ?(#"JC0D+' 9r2 9Y

& ῍ K&LMN# 1 ῍ K$%' v Y&J' v&O''OP5 #()$ Q;<=I>,+|Q!B`a!" %>'  RS&)7!6

9r2 34!ab&"

7#T-"-? &*+,-(./#U3 9; J' ic_%$%! 0 !V WX YZ>!P(3 9[(#1\B%(b&n+> i S]2(3( 4(d' zk>' >%!5^_>`5 6R7

Zef(d#-'  9r

(!ab8c+ * .(!aP(gf +>

b8c+ 4>"

G>;9r2 34!'; !=

P(ab; c#|Q!YZ' h&S

d&UIN#e9:f$!! &!(kJ;S"!

dg#;Jh' $%'

EF:f$i<&U&#&=$j(gc+(a ῌῐ῏῎ i &Brånemark +&_>"

9r2

34! ¡S! Ti !(jf&)j(g&QI+>a&M

U' ¢£¤k¥2¦[;l6F§ $kl (m>#c&$c¨$%! mjjnB©E&67B

J m>#c&n+c' o"c&

%!ª ; "«5 D& ¡Y#¬­S

?@D&m>#p/Ba&67$c!® #oICBefAB& G(b8;

!(e9c¯C§ª !pq_>

' m>&=B?#

°5

B+

 Brånemark &   9 ± ;C(DEF#67$%!

l~9r2 34!
J' (EF#*qGH&!P-%!

1osseo5 S !   9 r 2(4>"

1integration5 §k_>;M"²;  BcB' I(!1\B' 9r2 34sJo;

3 4 

r; 

(tuKtu#!$"-& v[(9r2 34S!

tuK Boa%!' wdLM#N!

|Q(³f&=$´s' tµ#!$%!' Oxy&%!P#<-"¶·( (&J in vivo' in vitro=>,(ufc+v-+>" 9r&#za%!( iG; 

2 34&$<ew¸#x¨$¹y' in vivo (º»;¼ r[½(RS

ῑ῎

¢£ ¤¥



 ῐ  Fig. ,- !" 

 #$%&'()*+,-../0*12345" 67+89.0
():

 #$%;<+0:=+*.>? @4*AB+CD0" E +,./ F./()G**HIJKL F./(),MN+8,O:
P<QRSTUVP<WXYZE[\]05" ^5 +./_ `abcd)b
5 e f g h ῐ῏.῕i j k  ῑ῏.ΐi j l ῏῔.῔i! ]5m!"
3[nopqrstpuv

wq

EPMA! x]yz)b {]5ef

| 

ῒῌ

 #}~+,4( Ca , P ) :67+x?J' 

 #}~345

+: 67+8.0()&'
Fig. ,. Histological observation of titanium after. weeks implantation in the mandible ofbeagles. (¡.*) (from reference 2 )[45 Fig. . !" ῏ῌῌ|

$% TiO, A}~YZE[?,4,)*[45Fig. /!!"  in vitro    E [   [ :Maniatopoulous [῍ῌ!

Fig. -. Histological observation of titanium after. weeks implantation in the mandible ofbeagles. (¡,**) (from reference 2 )+OFig. .. EPMA area analysis of the interface oftitanium/bone. (¡0*) (from reference 3 ) 

b*IJKῑ῏

c:3def=%& ῍ῌQR

*6 IJK c:ga3def=6 hiabjklm6 n #oZp
jqr3st! 6 _`uvw"%xndef=%& y%6 ῍ῑῌῌz{*hijklm3|}$%& ῍ῐQR
*6 hiabUNVWjklm6 y%n=-3~ #{3def=%῍῎H&

Fig. /. EPMA area analysis of the interface oftitanium/bone. (-**) (from reference 3 ) 

 !"#$%&'()*+,-./01
2345 6 72#85 6 9:;<& '=*6 >?6 26 @A;<6 #BCDEF()G &
῍῍H

IJK

LMNO Fig.

0 6 1 6 2 P& ῒ QRIJK *Fig. 1. Scanning electron micrograph of the puretitanium surface after 1 -days-culture (+/**)T : surface of titanium, M : calfied-likemicrospheres and collagen-like fibers, C :culture cells (from reference +,)S3>T 6 UNVW3X-=%& YZ[ \Z#]^ #_` %a

Fig. 0. Scanning electron micrograph of the puretitanium surface after 1 -days-culture (0**) T : surface of titanium (fromreference +,)Fig. 2. Scanning electron micrograph of the puretitanium surface after +.-days-culture (,***) T : surface of titanium, arrow : fusionof the calfied-like microspheres in theform of the stratified layer (fromreference +,)

῏῎

»7 ¼½

ῒ 

ῌῒῐ῏ Brånemark 
     


 !"# $ %&'()*+, -.'(/0)&1
 234567  89:;9)3<=%.>)?
, @A2BC DE5F
G, HI1 ;9, 89JKLI   M>ῌ67

NO

P῍Q RS T῎UVW6 ῏S T

Fig. 3. Hydroxyapatite crystals precipitated TiO,
layer

 >UVW6 ῐXUYῑX
UY>S T Z[.67  DJ, \]^+4_`)5, aJbcd1ef2ghi%
67 )jWkj

 !"# $%&lZ5m()ll.>nop ), .'(/0q, rstuv !, 67  XUYI, 2
3w" xy.>  bioactive Z
z R{|"}~7 q#)ῌ῍ῌ῏ bioinert > bioactive $%*& .'((>Iv1'J r.'(;1+1I 
U">k{ Uw)*XUY%.>
567





1 TiO, ¡)¢_ .

 TiO, ¡ Ca

j

>P

j

)&

1>£r1 rw" 
%.>UY+ z R{|"}~7

Fig. +*. Histologicalobservationofanodicoxidation-hydrothemal
treatment
hydroxyapatitet courting titanium after. weeks implantation in the mandible ofbeagles. (º.*) (from reference 2 )¤,¡¢_ .%#zJ %.>) & , z R{|"

R{|"}~7 , -

}~7

NO

4Z[1+9¬®¯P#>.¥I/¦§0)v+;J¨

°±%.>), 1+F_)©

1 1+ ,+©g2 ῌ ῌz R{|g>1yCJ5I1

"}~7 ¡>Z ªFig. 3  1+>67

XUYῌw" }~7 ²!³ «3>/¦§0῍ῑMp , 8¬)'­67 ´!µ¶6I ῎ ·¸¹3¦§¨©

῏῏ 

678ῌ98:ῌ+, ;< !"#

= >?@ *.A/ B!"CDE$ %&'(!"#)*+,-AFGHIJDEK LM!"#)

)#*./0 12!"#$ %&

NOP=$



Fig. +* ++'(!"#3# 4#"5QRSTUVW XYZ ῍ [ ῎ [\ ]^ )_`abc5defgῌhijklmanRopS`a
qr oSsRtu vw!"#)<x) yFig. +,z{z
in vitro |}~*defgῌhijkl

manRopS`a~CDE
!

g

#"

$

yFig. +- +. +/ +0z ῐ defgῌhijklmanRopS`a SEM
~*DE/nR+, 7= / *`a~) $ r ~ ) 
g<=)7=) ῌ῎defgῌhijklmanRopS`a SEM xP/ 3$DE
7= >~*jk !$`a
NOP=) !x!

῏ῐ 

#  ¡¢tlma£¤* g
Fig. ++. Histologicalobservationofanodicoxidation-hydrothemal
treatedhydroxyapatite courting titanium after. weeks implantation in the mandible ofbeagles. (¥,**) (from reference 2 )Fig. +,. Bone contact ration after , or . weeks
implantation Ti : Titanium, SA : anodic
oxidation-hydrothemal
treatedhydroxyapatite courting titanium (fromreference +1)

Fig. +-. Scanning electron micrograph of theanodic oxidation-hydrothemal treatedhydroxyapatite courting titanium surface
after 1 -days-culture (¥/***) Upper area :culture cells layer and collagen-likefibers, under area the surface of anodic
oxidation-hydrothemal
treatedhydroxyapatite courting titanium (fromreference +1)

῎῏

 

Fig. +.. Scanning electron micrograph of theanodic oxidation-hydrothemal treatedhydroxyapatite courting titanium surface
after 1 -days-culture (+/***). Under areaof the Fig.+-, calfied layer at the surface
of anodic oxidation-hydrothemal treatedhydroxyapatite courting titanium (fromreference +1)

Fig. +/. Scanning electron micrograph of theanodic oxidation-hydrothemal treatedhydroxyapatite courting titanium surface
after +. -days-culture ( +/***). The
calfied-like microspheres at the surface ofanodic oxidation-hydrothemal treatedhydroxyapatite courting titanium (fromreference +1)  

 !
&'()* +,-.!/
12 345"#$%ῌ῏ῌῐ06789ῌ:;<=>?@A"BC%DE@%FG!HI
9JKLM*N OPQRSTU

B#VAW%XY STZ ῑ  ῌῌ[\Fig. +0. Scanning electron micrograph of theanodic oxidation-hydrothemal treatedhydroxyapatite courting titanium surface
after +. -days-culture ( +/***). The
calfied-like microspheres and network ofcollagen-like fibers at the surface ofanodic oxidation-hydrothemal treatedhydroxyapatite courting titanium (fromreference +1)

Fig. +1. Results on the quantitative analysis ofcalcification at the surface of titaniumandanodicoxidation-hydrothemal
treated hydroxyapatite courting titanium(from reference +1)

QR] ^_`aZ bcdefg!hiJK+jklmnopqrst

E@%uv 6789ῌ:;<=>?
@A"BC%DE@%wxyz {| }~HI9 E@%x!/+|ῌ 

Fig. +10

ῌῒῒ῍ῌῌ  P

,ῐῒ

x>!?!-e &  ῍ΐ 

,-e&Bz@|F* 2 AB2 r

2 CD2 BῌEB"2 mF"2 GHῌ



!"# $%&'()*+ 
,-. /) 01 2 ῍῍ 3& 
456789῏ῌῌ:(2 456

H>F"2 !&t
-/2 " 9:&tI&

LN ,

J1F)K#XB)Y72 L

;<89 = >?@῔ῒ.ῑA=B

 z,-. MN ,) &C῎D῏0F)Y7dB) ZN&K#!2EF)"#

456789,
GH&I&JD-/2 "2 CD 

/2 MNO&tdPQ&R 9:&t

-e ST 

)

῍῔

CC= =-KL) 

,



U

&

V

U+ 

2 W\

, 2 "# MN,

2 [9: -e &W\&tOP QRS7T=U. VF/XY=!2/ 67-)/^O!W\9:Z[ Y\ ][,EF)

F) CL&z ,&K#"2 "#WNX,EF)Y

!456789

7  MNVZLF)YZL)X2 ^O! 2 ^Z2 +ZP_F

7XB) T2 &U/ )¢ CT £¤ P&¡[ZL) ῍  ,-. / [&,E  \2 !X¡[ ¥67`2 ¦§¨¥67`£

¤2 ¢¥67`£¤O ab¥67]!F)C &!)`£¤-e C w0="#]!F) ^"&2, _#$%2 "#&` )ab  &'c

,&tF)'cZN&©G&F)g& ª ,0F)&B.
«/e8¬6­cb_#$%ddNe &ῌ()dfg ,h3X*i®Fig. +22 +3+h&jkC 2 ῍lm&456789

#WNX¯F) ª ,/°F) /.no,eC 2 ῎-pX./&!Nq*irs!,
2

῏ 0&t

1q$%

!)C"# '?!{­O ©e g&"?/±« ®Fig. ,*2 ,+

/e°?fg"#dNe ~84²

¯¯h³F ´& 

cug /) ZN&"# EXB. d

,X7µ%&-KL)eij.'&!Nq2/),23!bLv!N!/Y7XB)C d4bJ

 P2 ῍ d &2 ¶·k¸&( U+ C w0=x&"#Xy/5/ /F)456;<89 \ 2 fg) , GH ,XMb6

"h ,¹ºl»F)C &!) CL

L /)Y7dBz2 23F)"#X7!M&,Vm2 ,h32 ,&#F)n/O

Nq/) d{G=B)

XfTL)

 _#'c,dN.P&2 "#&,

M 2 C w0=.' !N!

/Y7= ,op=E |}XB) \&~8 "# 9:&!/¼"#&q(2  ,rs op½(;N \K ,&t)C &!) ῍ OP&ST

῍ X-KLL) 1q<=9:&t,=.'&!N!/Y7=



ῌ῍

῎ῑ ῏ῐ

Fig. +2. An outline explanatory pamphlet namedῌAt the starting of the oral implant
treatment῍

Fig. +3. The contents of explanatory pamphlet
and check items

Fig. ,*. ῌThe questionnaires for the oral implant
treatment῍

Fig. ,+. The contents of the questionnaires ῎῏Fig. ,,. The example for dental CT. In this case,there is enough bone width and length
for the implantation at the cross sectionof No.+*-

  

  

Fig. ,-. Surgical stent for guide at implantation
deciding position and direction!" #$%&'$ ()*+',-./!0 12

3le!L @72

" #/.!k04567  89
67%&:;</=>?@B wx# 

x[ x@" A0

7  w @,u./VA

ῌ BCDEF%&G,H2I=

 WFig. ,-X0# ῍ BCD@J-.//!0 ῍ BCD#K

w #  b7_ /@2*01 G,H VA ab Z[\]^@J-./@  ῌ BCDLM,



NOCD@J-0 ῍ BCDP#QRS

Jl0 .H/3J7 45/4

CT TUVA WFig. ,,X0 QRS CT TUF

56745ῌ 89

Y845V

@u7%&:7 ;@,

3@72

Z[\]

^_ `ab VA

c-c w 2@

<@/k0c@dC./!0 CF e

5= >V?@//

!fHg Z[\]^M  h" PMTC ¡¢@£!I' wx#Jk  ῌ ¤9= !m no"p1Vq# rm

# AB?¥M,C%72

$%1Vq#67&'AL (7¦DJ>H0 $H,§¨E£2k2_s)!kI=#_ `@/.V Z[ ^ ῌ B /!e7(7k2r*t+,u VAci@j7kl0 e@C./!0

I©J­K®nV @J-I=#oK®45e!fHg$114
5@vE!45/7

© %&ªF«¬GH

Z[@:@7,kK® !CD@J-./!0 ab NO67\]^M  h@)* 3@

#L!¯°±/7 M² V

0 G,H2F B wxyz.

# ³No´ ῌ ; µ¶o´ ῍ ;/!0 45{| !I=# {·¸@¹Lº-o?¥ ῌ ;/»LVµ¶|7245@ 37G,H2F

@J-o?¥ ῌ ; ῎ ;VJk0 G-B wxyz./!0 }~/HI©J­K®V @J-I=# J­.Y845V 37245.

pOoK®¼½@./!0 ῌ

ῐῌ

»¼ ½}

Fig. ,.. Intraoral view after , nd stage surgeryῌ

 

Fig. ,/. Coping for the impression using closedtray ῎!"#$%&'( ῎ )*+,$- +./012345 
6789:;<=> ?@+,AB.CDE 6FGHI(A῎  ῎ ?J/K5 L
M%G ῍ (NOC PQRS
.TU VWX5Y5ῑZ[\]^(A,_`abG%῎ῌc- de ῍ ῌ TN( ῐ fg hN( ῏ fg.)FS

i"b

- +.jk(lm/K5.no(pqFig. ,0. The impression using closed tray, oneabutment replica was set. Upper light
area
is
an
enlargementoftheenlargement

S6r VWX5YstudRlmC
ῒv+, $ wFig. ,.c+. xy.z{)FGTU|}~+, $ .῏ #TU|}
(῍c05 J
VWX5Y5R   VWX5Y5/RG@J( >$ J(A-  +. J( TU|}

Fig. ,1. The
workingprovisionalrestoratio

cast

and

de~+,$¡ +. #FS¢£¤(/012345 
~RG%- wFig. ,/ ,0 ,1c­®¯ °±¬$²³X - wFig. ,2c+.# lm/K5z῍ῌR

B.¥¦ /012345

SlmC´¦RGTU|} µ¶LERGΐ§ ¨©ª« ;<¬ x

V.·¸ ῐ¹i% TU|}º£%¤%"¥¦

Fig. ,2. Intraoral view after provisionalrestoratio

῎ῌ

Fig. -*. Previously, copings for the impression
are connected on the cast.

Fig. -+. Copings are once connected by patten
resin and cut.
Fig. ,3. Coping for the impression using open
tray. This coping consists of two piece.
Light area is parts in the impression
materials and guide pin. Right area isstate after setting two piece.

de#[\8fghi*jVk+lmP
() -. noA(8fghi8pq*Yr2Ys/Vt8>?uv*
wW Pjx  yz#%  





%WL#K%M*]^Pw{* !" #$%*67/7|O_ !" #$%&' `2F}~VwWyz#% %()*+,-./ 012345678!

/ >?OL#K%M

9:;

* ZFig. -* -+< _`2)[~f

῍ < =#%" #>?@

gL#K%M* :"%"

=#%" #>?@A BCDE>?@/8E*yz#% %]F >?8GA H#IJ" #@A

^P ZFig. -,< (RCyz#% %ῌ K#!8L#K%M*NO =#%"8A

3S88ER#@A ῍ K#!8L#K%M*NOPYpq8>?uv 

L#K%MA >?BCDQR3S)TU>?uvA TU*PK%* >*P/V8K%W4XYR

?uvVP()

ZFig. ,3< Q/ >?BCDQRL#K%" # YR " #83K%-.

M[\*]^P()_`28abH$c

 -.W!¡#! ¢

῎ῌ

 

Fig. -.. The impression using open tray. The
corpings are in the impression material.
Fig. -,. Copings are connected by patten resin at
the cutting area in the oral.

Fig. -/. The working cast using abutment replica.
Fig. --. The interorl open tray fitting. Guide pins
go through custom tray, and are taken
off after hardening of the impression
material.

 Fig. --  !"#
$%&' ()*+

& ,-./0

/123456*789:;<7'=>&? Fig. -. -/=@&$A

BCD<EF*:;GHI#$%&? Fig. -0 -1
῍

Fig. -0. The metal frame of upper stricture
fitting. Reproduction of position isexactly, and passive fit are confirmed.

JK()
L2M/NOJK()&P*

3rG _K 9

789:;GJKQ7<* JKQ 2ijklmn1o/1pl

&RS*JK()T%UVWqr *+stuabW&JKEG

 XYZ[\]^_K?`abWcd

&/Mo}~ 2ij

efg'h 2ijklmn1o/1pl

klmn1o/1plqr *+s

qr*+stuHI'=>v*>w

tuJK@ JKu

x@ yz{|+JK()}~ o

r* Fig. -2=BCJ

./R%S%"TU

῍ῌ

Fig. -1. The final upper stricture on the working
cast.

Fig. -2. Intraoral
view
after
restoration.
Mandibularwell-balanced.

provisional
position isFig. .*. The materials and working cast after
maxillomandibular registration.

Fig. -3. General maxillomandibular registration.

  Fig. .+. The
provisionalrestorationontheworking cast that removed fromintraoral abutments.

 Fig. -3  !"
#$% !&'() *+,-./0:F;@AB"C%" 'GDEHI

123456 789: !

JKLM2N6  !" #$"!&'();<=>? Fig.

%H5O1P@AB"C%"!&'(#<.*6 .+ ./0;@AB"C%"DE9=;Q?./R%S%"TU;VWXYZ

#$%

ῐ῎

½V W

Fig. .-. The completed final upper stricture .

Fig. .,. maxillary and mandibular working casts
on the articulator.

 MNOZ!RSB'Da!
~!-.DqE~BDnI    !
"# !$

 % &'( )RS`/B0  d 5D@A"#B/` 01[5 E1{J!2B*+,-./01)23!4

2D"#

5678 9Fig. .,: ; /!<c 45QH]F 5 /=>? 9cw4M0E 67

ῌ >?: @ABC

B/ &'(3

DEDFGH/B0 !)2

RS77` 9Fig. .-:7I>JG

῏ : RS



KD@A"#

BFL

7nIRS` n MNOPQH

B !89:B;<(M῎ : RS=>` !c/)s!QH7<)

RSB'D TUV"#W4

27?0E) M@

XY MNOZ!RS7

BDA`/B0 V nI

E /[ \V!]7Y ^BMNOPBm) C ¡D

_B `"#W4a!b a

JG῎῏¢R£D7010) E/)k!Ic!dWe fA8"Zl῍ῌ: !c)=>QH7FGMNOZ!RS! 7ghi#7

7¤UDE] FGbF)<j`Eklm J no

¥¦1D H §I>!)<¥y%

p^_B `"#W4a!F$;J¨©[DE῍ῌ: ª!

lD%Dqb r&stu`&!RMBDMNOBm «`¬MS vMwx 7"# B'y`/NO7«­ ®`¬¯°±DM

701r&s!()[DEwdNOK±DVH vMwx L

Z!RS*+`]Fpz{$l²M³BD²M` ´?/!µN¶

D%DE

· ) ¸¡ r& O¹ º»MNOZ!RS!,|}`P¼ QRµNSA` TU70E)*+ ,- .

Fig. ... The intraoral final upper stricture.

῎῍Fig. ./. Cleaning for upperinterdental brush.

strictureusing  Fig. ..

  > B@Y #vI῎    

*+ ,-   $?0(! "#!$%&'() *+ ,.%) / 0(@$[=$=0@%IYNM>%B@Y ῌ 26  1) 23)

A0@(;) [=B*+5$h41 5678#!9"@  6 C0@Y*+ ,- ..:;<=$>?

*+ ,- . :0([=!

@ABCDEFGHI

0@\%*+5$DG`XT) %,JKL  M9")  >O$XY ῌ 26C

.  

NM%O

5$   j?(;%6 u$9" *+ ,- .BC

$EF$,JKL  M u$PQRSMT) *+U

pM!" /=GH0

$V W!XY Z?@[="\M@Y*+ ,- .:[=6

#$]%$ESY "¡I[=C5$  $p0@Y ¢£$Jt j?(MY F#,J^

&_HIBCP 'T(uSY) *+ ,- ¤ ,-`0@%IY) )*a+bc,%!

. j?([=  %¡NM$-Sd< e.0@%If /I[=$¥Y@j?@Y!¦v #v$=gh) BC01;)   $>n*+U '§$K¨uST) ©H

ij0([=$kl ῌ 26Emno

67+ª(gh$%l5&_D«D$ ῌ /p 340@%IY) )*a+b

"

$>,JKL  M j?@Ypq$-Sr*+5st jY) 6
7Suvw PMTC

xy(M

j?@Y

ῌ ῌ

῎῍῏

¬­®*+ ,- ¯L"-"vw,-zM-{/=$!?@°±$M²$«=v*+

|} M-M~  j?@Y,- ¯LO$N³SV´µ"?( F I$8O-$KJ0@) ¶·¸$nO@¹PQ*+) 9:E0SY>f$ ;v(6,- .º»¼$%RS³TU!

- Fig. ./) K-%<=0*+5¦½SH?(  ,- ¯LF%

ῌῌ

¯M no



  

! "  #$  % $ 
&'()* +,-./0.123
4  56 7)  839 :;  +,
-./0.123<9 =>?
*@AB C DE F G H)  E # +, !"%I7<"  +,-./0.1
23 #$JK G <L%&2AB  '(M*N# O)3  PQRP-.STUVWX.
Y*+ UZ[\,BE ]^-._` +,-./0.12 /a0
 #b] 7  E ]O
7c] de +,-./0.1JKfg 1)2237h45i 45i
637j8#i0  9k:;3 
99k:; hil9

3  hm 45i<9Ed=N >? f 7@
L 1)C GAB +,./0.12n E 0A+,-./0.12AE'(  lCb]CDEAB

3 +,-./0.123opBCA
B 223E q;b<D` E'( 
Er+223 +,-./0.
12stFuv?
+,-./0.12s  G2H
7w7`)*4 ῎῍xy( # zI {|J(}~C=i|K LMNGO %O"῏ῌ+  Crubezy, E., Murail, L., Bernadou, J.P. : false
teeth of the Roman world. Nature -3+ : ,3, +332.
,  Branemark, P.I., Zarb, G.A., Albrektsson, T.
eds. : Tissue integrated prostheses. Quintessence, Chicago, +321.
-  Zarb, G.A., Albrektsson, T. : -./0.1P
Y .R.1.1| Q
-.SQR..[-./0.1VR -.SQR.S T ,**+.
.  UV  WX.iH ? ! YWX.
 i  U V   Z  T  [ , S p -/-.,,+33..
/  Albrektsson, T., Dahl,E., Enbom, L. et al. Osseointegrated oral implants. A Swedish muticenter study of 2+-3 consecutively inserted Nobelphrma implants : J. Periodontal., /3, ,21-,30, +322.
0  Albrektsson, T., Branemark, P.I., Hansson H.A.,
Lindstrom, J. : Osseointegrated titanium implants. Acta Orthop Sccand /, : +//-+1*, +32+.
1    \] ^  -./0.1 _`E-.
iPa¡ T [ + S + --*3 +333.
2  ¢b4£ ¤¥¦ ¥cde§¨ fgh`i©ª« Ti -./0.1s" /j+¬­¨%&.* : 3.0-3/+, +330.
3  k®lm ¯Mno ¤¥¦§¨ : fgh`i©ª« Ti -./0.1 °±²pv)³/
j Xq¨ %&.+ : .+0-.,,, +331.
+* Maniatopoulos, C., Sodek, J., Melcher, A.H. :Bone formation in vitro by stromal cells obtained from bone marrow of young adultrats.
Cell Tissue Res ,/. : -+1---*, +322.
++ X., Shen, E., Roberts, S.A.F.Peel et al. : Organic
extracellular matrix components at the bonecell/substratum interface. Cells and Materials- : ,/1-,1,, +33-.
+, krd  s´t G µ0Q1³u$
G¶v w·x¸«J( ¹º - »¼.E
sF½0 Er¬­ -¨ %&.* : -.1--/0,+330¨+- Ishizawa, H., Ogino, M. : Formation and chracterization of anodic titanium oxide films containing Ca and P. J Biomed Mater Res ,3 : 0/-1,,+33/.
+. Ishizawa, H., Ogino, M. : Characterization ofthin hydroxyapatite layers formed on anodic
titanium oxide films containing Ca and P byhydrothermal treatment. J Biomed Mater Res,3 : +*1+-+*13, +33/.
+/ Ishizawa, H., Fujino, M., Ogino, M. : Mechanical and histological investigation of hydrothermally treated and untreated anodic titaniumoxide films containing Ca and P. J Biomed
Mater Res ,3 : +./3-+.02, +33/.

JK Q
+0 Itoh, S., Takebe, J., Ariake, T. et al. : The effectsof Various surface treatment for titanium on
primary calcification. Fifth world biomaterials
congress : 3./, +330.
+1    ῌ!" + !"  #$% &'() *+,- pp+*.-++,. /0123 45 ,***.
+2  6789 :;<  =>?
@ ABC DEF GHI JK 
 L M N O P Osseointegrated Implant  Q R SD"T!UV,/W , X+32-,*0 ,***.
+3 :;<  YZ [ =>?@ ABῌ῍C \DEF ]^_` abc def gh
 qrstij klmn o ,p 
JK LMNOP++u 3 vwxyz{ SD"T!|}0+~R|ῌ
 1  ,**0.
,* Branemark, P.I., Adell, R., G.A., Albrektsson, T.
et al, Osseointegrated titanumu fixture in thetreatment of edentulousness, Biomaterials, . :,/-,2, +32-.
,+ A@ *r@   
PJK  p,+/!
| 45,**/.