N. AKAI Vita

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Nobuo Akai
Osaka School of International Public Policy, Osaka University
Professor
1-31 Machikaneyama, Toyonaka, Osaka, 560-0043 Japan
E-mail: akai@osipp.osaka-u.ac.jp(Office)TEL: +81-(0)6-6850-5624(Dial-In）
FAX:+81-(0)6-6850-5656,

Update 20221028

Research Fields
Public economics/policy, Public finance. Local public finance, Urban Economics,
Fiscal Consolidation Policy, Tax Policy, Infrastructure and Transportation policy,
Tourism Economics/Policy, City and Urban Development
Current Research Interests
 Evaluation for Tax policy, Public Services and Effective and EfficientService Provision
 International Public policy (Public finance, Public infrastructure, Tourism)
 PPP (Public-Private Partnership), Public VS Private Ownership of Publicgoods, Privatization of public services, Decision process for providing ofpublic goods as an application of the game theory, Governance structure ofGovernmentEmploymentDean, Osaka School of International Public Policy, Osaka University, 2020Professor, Osaka School of International Public Policy, Osaka University,
2011Associate Professor, Osaka School of International Public Policy, OsakaUniversity, 2007-2011
Associate Professor, University of Hyogo 2004-2007

Degrees Ph. D in Economics, Osaka University, 19981

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Personal Bibliography
Publications in English
1. Ricardian Equivalence for Local Government Bonds -Budget Constraint
Approach- (1994) Economics Letters 44, 191-95
2. Optimality of A Competitive Equilibrium in A Small Open City withCongestion (1998) Journal of Urban Economics 43, 181-198 (with T.
Fukushima and T. Hatta)
3. An Optimal Tax Scheme to Finance Social Security in a Model with
Endogenous Longevity (1999) Journal of Economic Research 3, 51-67(with Y. Maeda)
4. Soft Budget Constraint in Local Public Expenditure (2000) Korean Journalof Public Finance 15, No.1 287-308
5. Central Government Subsidies to Local Public Goods, (2002) Economics ofGovernance, 3.227-239 (with T. Ihori)
6. Fiscal Decentralization Contributes to Economic Growth: Evidence fromState-level Cross-section Data for the United States, (2002) Journal ofUrban Economics 2, 93-108 (with M. Sakata)
7. When do Cost Differentials among Privately Provided Public Goods make
Income Transfer Policy Effective?. (2003) Economics Bulletin 8, No. 13 pp.
1-7,
8. Fiscal decentralization and centralization
under a majority rule: A
normative analysis (2006) Economic Systems 30 41–55 (with K.
Mikami)
9. Complementarity, Fiscal Decentralization and Economic Growth (2007)
Economics of Governance 8: 339–362 (with Y. Nishimura, M. Sakata)
10. Interregional Redistribution as a Cure to the Soft Budget Syndrome inFederations (2008) International Tax and Public Finance 16: 43–58 (withE. Silva)
11. Too Big or Too Small? A Synthetic View of the Commitment Problem ofInterregional Transfers(2008) Journal of Urban Economics Volume 64,2

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Page 3Issue 3, November 2008, Pages 551-559(with M. Sato)

12. Fiscal Decentralization and Economic Volatility — Evidence fromState-level Cross-section Data of the United States (2009) Japanese
Economic Review Vol. 60, No. 2, June 223-235 (with Y. Nishimura, M.
Sakata)13. Fiscal Decentralization, Commitment and Inter-County Inequality in USstates (2009) Journal of Income Distribution Vol. 18, No. 1: March,113-129 (with M. Sakata)
14. Incentive Transfer Schemes with Marketable and Nonmarketable PublicServices,(2009) forthcoming to Journal of Institutional and Theoretical
Economics (with K. Mizuno, H. Osano)
15. Endogenous Choice on Tax Instruments in a Tax Competition Model: Unit
Tax versus Ad Valorem Tax (2011) International Tax and Public Finance18(5), 495-506 (with H. Ogawa, Y.Ogawa)
16. A Simple Dynamic Decentralized Leadership Model with Private Savingsand Local Borrowing Regulation (2011) Journal of Urban Economics
70, 15–24 (with M. Sato)
17. Preestablished Harmony: the Japanese Government’s Demand for Japanese
VolumeGovernment Bonds (2012) Japan and the World Economy
24, Issue 3, August 2012, Pages 207–214 (with K.Onji and K. Kameda)
18. Financial performance of airport terminal companies in Japan - Harmfuleffects of government participation (2012) Journal of Air Transport
Management Volume 25, Pages 40-4 (December 2012) (with MunekatsuUsami)
19. Strategic interaction among local governments in Japan: an application tocultural expenditure (2012) The Japanese Economic Review Vol. 64, No.
2, June 2013 Pages 232–247 (with Miki Suhara)
20. Endogenous Choice of Subsidy Instruments in Imperfectly Competitive
Markets: A Unit Subsidy versus an Ad Valorem Subsidy (2013) forthcomingin Annals of Economics and Statistics –Special issue on the Economics ofTaxation (with Yoshitomo Ogawa and Hikaru Ogawa)3N. AKAI VitaPage 4

21. Necessity for financial transparency of airports toward efficient airport
management - examination of aviation fuel tax allocation (2017)
International Journal of Aviation Management Vol. 4 No. 1/2 pp85-113
2017 (with Munekatsu Usami)
22. The Role of Matching Grants as a Commitment Device in the Federation
Model with a Repeated Soft Budget Setting (2019) Economics ofGovernance, March 2019, Volume 20, Issue 1, pp 23– 39（with MotohiroSato）
23. Corruption, Political Stability and Efficiency of Government Expenditure on
Health Care: Evidence from Asian Countries (2019) Central Asian Reviewof Economics and Policy, 1(3), 2019, 1-18 (with Z Cui)
24. Delegation of Taxation Authority and Multipolicy Commitment in a
Decentralized Leadership Model (2020) Public Finance Review. 48(4),2020, 505-537 （with Takahiro Watanabe）
25. The Fiscal Common Pool Problem, Municipal Mergers, and Spillovers(2022) Public Finance Review 50(3), 2022, 307– 335（with TsuyoshiGoto）」
26. Electoral outcomes and local public goods provision with ex postinterregional transfer (2022) forthcoming in International Tax and PublicFinance (Accepted in July 2022)（with Takahiro Watanabe）」
In addition, there are many papers published in Japanese refereed journals
and many papers in Japanese non-refereed journals. All are written inJapanese.

Books Public Finance and Policy Evaluation in Japan-Evidence from the New
Balance Sheet of Government- Nihon-hyo-ronsya (2001)
 Economics of Intergovernmental Transfers, Yu-hikakku, Japan (2004)(Book Award for Japanese Economy, Japan Center for Economic Research) Economics of Governance in Public Institutions, Yu-hikakku, Japan (2006)

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 Economics of Governance in Transport Infrastructure, Yu-hikakku, Japan(2010)
 Economics for Act on Assurance of Sound Financial Status of Local
Governments, Yu-hikakku, Japan (2019)
Other International activities
 OECD Expert meeting on “Taxonomy of Grants and Measurement ofDecentralization:” (2011.3.10-11) Invited Lecture: Role of decentralization
indices in empirical research – usefulness, potential bias, and suggestion
for improvement
 ERIA Academic Advisor ASEAN PPP Guidelines February 20155