ICEF 2022 Technology Session 2“Actions Needed for Realizing Carbon Neutrality in
Heat and Transport”

Systematic Classification of Heat Demandfor Industrial Processes andSystematic Overview of Mobility andtheir Future Decarbonization
Oct. ５, 2022

Akira YABE
Fellow, Technology Strategy Center
New Energy and Industrial Technology
New EnergyandIndustrial
Technology
Development Organization (NEDO)
Development Organization（NEDO)

Importance of Industrial Process Heat and Mobility

TSC Sustainable Energy Unit

 Industry uses 32% of total energy consumption worldwide.
 Heat Demand of Industrial Process is 74% of Industrial Usage.
Equivalent to about half of total generated electricity for the case of Japan(40% for the Industry, 75% is heat demand) Transport uses 31% of total energy consumption worldwide.
Equivalent to about half of total generated electricity for the case of Japan(26% for transport)
Electricity:
26%

Industry:
32%

Heat:
74%

Transport: 31%

Energy Consumption of World

Source: IEA Insight Series Renewable Energy for Industry

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Contents

Technology Strategy Center

１．
Heat Demands of Industrial
Process and their Future
Decarbonization
２．
Application Fields of Various Kindsof Mobilities and Future MobilityOverview
3１．Heat Demand of Industrial Process
TSC Sustainable Energy Unit

 73% of the total heat demand has been due to “Industrial Furnace”( According to the analysis of the questionnaire by METI, Japan)
 Many types of industry need wide range of temperature.
【Temperature Range & Heating Methods】––––

High Temp. Range（1200℃～） ：【Main】 Combustion, Electric HeatingMiddle Temp. Range（400～1200℃）:【Main】 Combustion
Low Temp. Range（20～400℃） ：【Main】 Combustion, Steam & Hot WaterCooling（~20℃）：【Main】 Heat Pump

Temperature Distribution depends
on Types of Industry
BlastFurnace*

Iron& Metal
ChemicalProcess

Manufac-turing
Iron,
Metal
Cement
Plastics
Chem.
Process
Fiber

Heating Methods for Temperature Range
Steam & HotWater
IndustrialFurnace(Combustion& Electric
Heating)

BlastFurnace*FoodCooling(HP)
Cooling(fuel)
Hot Water(HP)
Hot Water(fuel)
SteamElectric
Heating
Combustion
Heating【Source】 METI,2019*Blast Furnace has been in the stage of research & development for utilizing hydrogen and electricity by steel companies.

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Current Status & Future Direction of Industrial Furnaces

TSC Sustainable Energy Unit

 Industrial Furnaces have been systematically categorized according to the temperature and theoutput power.
 Characteristics of Current Usage (Range of Output with Temp.Range): Combustion Furnace: Wide Range of Output(20kW~200MW）with Temp. below 1600℃
 Electric Furnace: ① Below ２MW (Relative Low Output Range) with Wide Range of Temp.
② Wide Range of Output(50kW~100MW) with High Temp. above 1500 ℃
Systematic Categories of Industrial Furnaces②Electric Heating：Enlargement ofApplication Range①Combustion Furnace: Fossil Fuels
will be replaced by Hydrogen,Ammonia ＆ Bio-Fuel【Source】 NEDO TSC

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Steam and Hot Water Supply

TSC Sustainable Energy Unit Steam Supply(～200℃):
Replacement of Fossil Fuel Combustion
1. Hydrogen Fuel Cell :Thermal Output
2. High Temperature Heat Pump utilizing waste hotwater (COP=3 Target)
3. Hydrogen Boiler
 Hot Water Supply (～100℃）:
Replacement of Fossil Fuel in case of using Fossil FuelCombustion by Heat Pump System(In some cases Heat Pump System has been utilizedalready)62. Overview of Application Fields of Various Kinds of Mobilities

Technology Strategy Center

From the viewpoints of the relationship between outputs of engine or motor and the total amountof stored energy, the application fields of various kinds of mobilities have been classified.
EV will cover the field of Gasoline engine. FCV will cover till larger stored energy field. Large
diesel engine field will be replaced by biomass liquid fuel, synthetic fuel as well as EV & FCV.



500

FCV Large Commercial Vehicle

400Engine (Motor) Output 【kW】

EV Passenger
Car
EV Truck & Bus
Direction of R&D
towards 2050

Direction of R&D
towards 2050

FCV Passenger CarGasoline Engine00Commercialized or
Demonstrated Mobilities● Electric Vehicles● Internal Combustion
Engine Car● Fuel Cell Vehicles● Helicopter/Drone● Ship（Fishing Boat etc.)● Agricultural Machines● Power Shovel● Forklift

Direction of R&D
towards 2050

500

Diesel Engine（Replacement of Fuel byBiomass Liquid Fuel,
Synthetic Fuel, etc.)
1000

Amount of Stored Energy by Refueling, Recharging & etc.【kWh】（Larger Value is necessary for long
distance transport） ※Amounts of necessary stored energy are estimated under the assumption: ・EV= Battery, ICE Gasoline
Efficiency30%, Diesel 40%, FCV 51% Sources: Based on HP(each company) NEDO Technology Strategy Center created (2020)7

Conclusions

TSC Sustainable Energy Unit

 To reduce the large amount of CO2 emission from industries, theheat demand for industrial processes has been systematicallyclassified to show 3/4 of the total heat demand is due to “IndustrialFurnaces”. As for the industrial furnaces, combustion furnaces
utilizing fossil fuel should be replaced by the combustion furnace
utilizing hydrogen, ammonia, bio fuel or alternatively by electricheating.
 As for the mobility, the application fields of various kinds ofmobilities have been classified from the viewpoints of outputs ofengine or motor and the total amount of stored energy. As for thefuture direction of R&D towards 2050, EV will cover the field ofGasoline engine. FCV will cover till larger stored energy field. Large
diesel engine field utilizing fossil fuels will be replaced by biomass
liquid fuel and synthetic fuel as well as EV & FCV.

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