「バンドン市の市民参加型の廃棄物管理のモデル事業」
川崎国際エコビジネスフォーラム
セッション３：JICA草の根事業を活用したバンドン市における３Rの取組みへの中間成果報告及び今後の展望

平成31年2月7日

Brief Introduction of IGES
Established in 1998
– Initiative of the Government of Japan– 40+ world-wide signatory organizations
An independent policy research institute,conducting practical and innovative research
Agent of Change– facilitating global transition towards a sustainable and resilient society– improving the well-being of people, with primary focuses on AP region

Research results available for actual policy making throughnetworking and outreach operations
Revenues and gains: $33 million (FY2013)
Personnel: About 180 (as of September 2014)22

IGES as an Agent of Change
1. Support national government and cities informulating development strategies that placesustainability at their core.
2. Offer tools and knowledge needed to translate thosestrategies into practical actions.
3. Support capacity building activities and strengthen
networks that transmit actionable knowledge.
4. Help policymakers at all levels translate the“2030 Development Agenda” and “Paris Agreement”
into concrete actions.

33

IGES’s Experiences in Municipal Solid Waste
Management• Basic surveys, policy support(national and municipal levels),and implementation on MSW
management in Southeast Asian
countries (e.g., Indonesia,Cambodia, Philippines, Malaysia,Myanmar, Thailand, Vietnam)• Involved in various community
waste management projects inSoutheast Asia, in particular: Surabaya City (Indonesia)
 Cebu City (Philippines) Mandalay (Myanmar)

44

Why Community Waste Management?
Waste composition in Indonesia• 50% of MSW are generated
from household (communities)• Market and commercial wastes
are relatively easy to separateand recycle• Behavioral changes at thecommunity level havesignificant impact for scaling at
the city level

Source: Ministry of Public Work, Indonesia, 1989

• Enhancing 3R of household(mixed) waste holds the key ofwaste reduction at the city level5Current Status
Limited separation & recycling; majority of waste
goes to landfill

Household

TPA

TPS

Limitedseparation

TPS 3R
Waste bank
BiogasCommunity biodigester
Community compost

Limited recycling
6

Output Image
Enhanced separation & recycling within andbeyond the communities
Community scale

Organic

Community biodigester

Biogas(Everyday)

HouseholdCommunity compost

Non-Organic(Everyday)TPA
TPS 3R

Hazardous(1 day/month)

B3 waste vendor

Waste bank

Recycling vendor

7

Factors for successful 3R
Waste
separation

Waste
collectionsystem

Waste
processingsystem• All the three factors needs to be in place and mutually functioning forsuccessful 3R in the communities• The project will seek to raise the capacity of communities in waste
separation as well as to improve the existing waste collection andwaste processing systems
8

Output & Indicators (PDM)
OutputCommunities in Bandung City are toimprove their capacity to properly separateand utilize waste

Indicators A manual on waste separation and processing for communities
in Bandung City will be developed Training and pilot testing on waste separation and processing
will be conducted targeting at least six communities inBandung City Percentage of households that participate in the waste
separation and processing will rise within the communities
which experience training and pilot testing (Tentative target:15% of the target communities)
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Outline of the Project
During Project
Baseline studies•••

Understand thestatus, challenges
and opportunities
Identify factors for
successful andunsuccessfulcommunities on 3R
Identify appropriatemethods

After Project

Training workshops& Pilot testing••

Test the identified
appropriate methods
Monitor the results ofpilot and identify
factors forsuccess/failure

Compile findings••

Develop manualfor community
waste separation
Develop
recommendations
for reflection tocity policies

Model communities + Manual• Replication to other communities (to be led by the city)• Enhanced recycling and reduction of waste at city-wide
10

Training Workshops & Pilot Testings•••

Successful 3R communities played a mentor role to share experiences and train thetarget communities
Communities that have gone through the pilot testing (with good results) also served
as the mentor communities to support the other incoming target communities
Bandung city officials are involved in the facilitation for future continuation

1st Workshop &Pilot testing

C2

C1

Mentor communities(successful in 3R)
M1

M2

2nd Workshop &Pilot testing

M3

C3

3rd Workshop &Pilot testing
C4

C5

C6

Share experiences& support
Reflection
to manual11

Waste separation manual12

Target communities
Category

Component 1

Component 2

High incomecommunities

Community nameNo. householdin RTBatunungal Cluster Jelita

200

Batunungal Cluster Permai

250

Gempolsari Indah RT4 – RW476

Middle-Low income Mengger RT6 – RW1communities
Cibangkong RT2 – RW176

Balonggede RT3 - RW 62556

Cibunut RW7Mentor
communities

Mandalajati RW4Maleer RW12Cigereleng RW913

Component 1 (High income communities)
Sourceseparation

TPS-3RDry waste

RecyclingvendorPDK

Compostcenter

Wet waste
PDK

Residue

TPA

Compost

1st Workshop (Oct ‘17)
• Planning for 2 years• Residential rule
• Development of Flyer

2nd Workshop (Apr ‘18)
• Sharing of progress• Appropriate technologies
for organic waste

3rd Workshop (Nov ‘18)
• Sharing of achievements• Planning for next steps

14Component 2 (Mid-low income communities)
BiogasBiodigester
Gardening& farming

Wet waste

Compostcenter

Composter

Recyclingvendor
Sourceseparation

Waste bank

PDK

Dry waste
Residue

1st Workshop (Oct ‘17)
• Site visits to mentor
communities• Planning for the 2 years

TPS

2nd Workshop (Apr ‘18)
• Sharing of progress• Technical exchange andlearnings

TPA

3rd Workshop (Nov ‘18)
• Sharing of achievements• Technical workshop

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1616Kawasaki Training Workshop (Feb 2018)

Studying thewaste separation system

Two mentors with
Mayor Fukuda of Kawasaki

Waste education for school children

Participating in Kawasaki
Eco-Business Forum

Community waste management

CompostingTraining Workshop I (17, 18 Oct 2017)

Site visits to mentor communities

Cigereleng

Mandalajati

MaleerCibunut
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Training Workshop I (21 Oct 2017)
Sharing and planning workshop

Developing actions plans for 4 communities in a group discussion

Mengger

Balonggdde

Gempolsari

Cibangkong18Training Workshop II (April 6, 2018)

Onsite technical advice from experts: composts, biodigesters
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Training Workshop III (November, 2018)

Developing a compost center at a designated TPS followedby daily and timely advice via SNS
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Monitoring of progress(April 2018 onwards)
Chibankong

MenggelBalonggade

Gumporsari

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2222

Interim report - monitoring
Category

High income
communities

Middle-Low
incomecommunities

No.
householdin RT

Waste
separation
participation(%)

Collectionof foodwaste (%)

Batunungal Cluster Jelita

200

17.9%

26.4%

Batunungal Cluster Permai

250

14.6%

6.7%

Gempolsari Indah RT4 –RW4

76

37.7%

10.5%

Mengger RT6 – RW1

7667.1%

11.9%

Cibangkong RT2 – RW1

5656.0%

7.8%

Balonggede RT3 - RW 6

2551.9%

20.9%

Community nameWith the exception of one community, all the others have exceeded
the target 15% participation rate

Social survey
Date:August 2018
Sample size: 303
Respondents: Citizens of the 6 communities
Findings:1) 50% are not aware of the national policy for zero waste⇒ Could utilize TV broadcasting to reduce this number
2) Challenges for waste separation at home are- complicated- not enough space⇒ Start from 2 types of waste separation andgradually increase the number3) Challenges for composting and biopoli at home are- lack of knowledge- not enough space⇒ The development of a central composting
center is requiredSchedule (3 YEARS)

1st year: 2017
JanFebMar

AprMayJun

JulAug

Sep

Oct

Nov

Dec

Baseline study
Training WS
Pilot testing
Monitoring & review

Japan visit

2nd year: 2018
JanFebMar

AprMayJunJulAug

Sep

Oct

Nov

Dec

MayJunJulAug

Sep

Oct

Nov

Dec

Pilot testing
Monitoring & review
Training WS
Social survey

Japan visit

3rd year: 2019JanFebMar

Apr

Training WS
Pilot testing
Monitoring & review
Finalize manualJapan visit

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Thank you25