US Led Trade Tensions
Is the US Moving Towards
Unilateralism and is

Trade the only Target?

Appreciation Note fromWhite Paper Committee
ISO 45001: 2018

Occupational Health and
Safety Management Systems
for Steel Industry

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CONTENTS
CEO’s Foreword
US Led Trade Tensions

Is the US Moving Towards Unilateralism
and is Trade the only Target?

2
3-13

by Subash Bose Pillai
Advisor, Trade Practices, MSIWhat is Virtual Design andConstruction (VDC)?

15-18

by Donahue Chong – CEO, VDC Integrated Tech Sdn Bhd

Appreciation Note fromWhite Paper Committee

19

by White Paper Committee

Future Mobility

From Moving Cars to Moving People

20-21

by World Auto SteelNational Occupational Skills
Standard (NOSS) for “Hot Rolling”

22-23

ISO 45001: 201825-26

by Tracy Lee Hooi Lan, Standards & New Technology, MSI

Occupational health and safety
management systems for steel industry
by Leon Lai, Human Resource Development, MSI

Steel & Healthcare
by World Steel Association

RHAzymes

A Polymer Modiﬁed Cementitious Binder
which comprises mainly by-products
from steel making industries

27
28-30

by NBT Nase & Pave Sdn Bhd

NS Bluescope Business Overview

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Important of Steel Scrap Recycling

33

by Emelyn Low, NS Bluescope Sdn Bhd

by Leon Lai, Economic Research & Development, MSI

Life Cycle Assessment

34-35

MSI With You

37-48

MSI Bridging Gaps

49-54

by World Auto SteelMSI Tru

55

Advertisement Rates

56

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CEO OPENING REMARKS
Jarrod Lim

Chief Executive Officer,
Malaysia Steel instituteIn the recent Malaysia Steel Council (MSC)
meeting, MITI Minister YB Datuk Ignatius
Darell Leiking stressed the importance forthe industry to produce higher steel grade
products at a competitive cost while theGovernment is looking at policies to create a
conducive industry environment.
Moving into a new year, my optimism is towelcome 2019 with complete effects thathave never been. The effects that I wish to
be proud of our fellow industry is to have theability to sit down and chart our Malaysian
Iron & Steel future. The committee spent
1500 man hours over a period of 6 months
which consists of 50 dedicated personnel
from 11 Iron & Steel Association and its
related industry of which also includes
MITI, MSI, MIDA, MARii and other relevant
government agencies.
The work on White Paper Iron and Steel
Industry, finally was submitted to MITI on
April 9, 2019. The industry has completed
the study with 68 recommendations put
forward for the Government’s consideration
in formulating the Industry Master Plan 4(IMP 4) for our direction via a new steel policy.
The objective of the White Paper Policy
recommendations is to aid Malaysia regain
regional steel leadership within South
East Asia for a stronger, more resilient andadvanced Iron and Steel nation building
future.
While the Malaysian Apparent SteelConsumption (ASC) increased from 9.44
million MT in 2017 to 9.77 million MT in2018 – an increase of 3.5%, with the ASC per
capita at 295Kg in 2019 – indicating positive
sentiments in terms of consumption, in linewith global demand growth.

2Overall, Malaysia still remains a net importerof steel products, adding to negative tradebalance and loss of foreign exchange.
Malaysia’s economy to grow better in 2H19
and indicates sign of recovery. Malaysia’s
IPI expanded steadily by 4%yoy in Apr-19,
highest since Oct-18 and outpacing market
expectation of 2.5%yoy. The growth is mainly
attributed by rebound in mining output andcontinuous expansion in manufacturing andelectricity output.
Moving on, this is MSI 6th year in operation
and we have received feedback fromindustry to carry out more activities apartfrom current KPI. MSI will continue putting
the best to accommodate and place ourutmost effort. MSI is working toward being
a fully-fledged institute by 2020. The journeyhas been a challenging one especially when
there is no proper funding consistency forwhat was planned for.
On the latest updates on MSI achievements
under Human Resource Development, wehave organized the Development of National
Occupational
SkillsStandard(NOSS)
program for “hot rolling”. Under Standards
and Technology, we have completed two
Malaysian Standards development under
HS 7225 and HS 7227 which is a Studyon Operation Safety of Induction Furnace
Machinery (IFM) For Steel Making in Malaysia
and Scrap Consumption Study Report.
Under the Industry Consolidation Efforts, wehave completed the study and submitted
consolidation incentives for Government’s
consideration.
For Training, in 2018 we have trained 177
iron & steel industry staff on aspects suchas quality, safety and lean manufacturing;and last but not least on recruitment of new
members to join MSI. Each MSI member
to rope in other players to become MSI
members. It will be interesting to see who isable to rope in most members.
The International Monetary Fund (IMF) in
its latest World Economic Outlook in April
this year, for the third time in six months,
has cut its global growth forecast to thelowest level since the financial crisis, warningof significant downside risks to the world
economy including trade tensions, pocketsof political instability, mounting debt levels
and increasing inequality. This was causedby the uncertainty created by the US-China
trade tensions. According to MIDF Economic
latest report in June 2019, among other key
economic events happening, is the US-China
Trade has agreed to a tentative truce before
G20 summit. Beyond 2020, the IMF predicts
that global growth will stabilise at around
3.5%, buoyed mainly by growth in China andIndia.
Last but not least, having this global scenario
of trade tensions as the backdrop, we, theIron and Steel industry in Malaysia, need
to be more vigilant and brace ourselves
for tougher times ahead and formulate on
how to mitigate the challenges posed. This
is where MSI comes into the picture, for theindustry to work together with MSI in coming
up with ideas and inputs on improving
the Iron and Steel industry scene. Let us all
work together to reshape and facilitate thenecessary environment for a sustainable ironand steel industry.

US LED TRADE TENSIONSIS THE US MOVING TOWARDS UNILATERALISM
AND IS TRADE THE ONLY TARGET?

BY SUBASH BOSE PILLAIADVISOR, TRADE PRACTICES, MSI(NOTE: THE VIEWS EXPRESSED ARE THAT OF THE WRITER/REPORTS FROM VARIOUS SOURCES AND NOT OF THE MSI/MITI)BACKGROUND

In the last two articles, we examined, briefly listed here:
i. The global imposition of tariffs of 25% on steel and 10% on aluminium by the US under Section 232 with exemptions/modifications forsome countries and the initial impact;
ii. The imposition of Section 301 specifically on China and retaliation by China; andiii. The initiation of investigations by the US under Section 232 on autos and auto parts to be applied globally.
In December 2018, Trump agreed to hold off on plans to raise tariffs, beginning 1 January 2019, on $200 billion Chinese goods from 10%
to 25%, for 90 days, until 1 March 2019.
As anticipated, the truce did not last and tensions have escalated. The chronology of events is provided separately as a box article.

Change in US Policy: Multilateralism to Unilateralism (?)

In 1998, when I first joined the Multilateral Division, which is a division of the Ministry of International Trade and Industry, that handles mattersrelated to World Trade Organisation (WTO), I used to hear from my senior colleagues about how trade negotiations were carried out under
GATT days and the better option provided under the WTO. The following is a brief history:

General Agreement on Tariffs and Trade (GATT) Days:

General Agreement on Tariffs and Trade (GATT) was signed by 23 nations in Geneva on 30 October 1947, and took effect on 1 January 1948.
GATT was focused on trade in goods and aimed to liberalize trade by reducing tariffs and removing quotas among member countries. It
remained in effect (eight rounds of negotiations) until replaced by the World Trade Organization (WTO) on 1 January 1995. The WTO is the
successor to GATT.
• During the early GATT days, there was a lot of flexibility (with reference to reduction of tariffs) where developed countries did not demand
for reciprocity from developing countries in exchange for tariff concessions.
• This changed during the Tokyo rounds (1973), where there was now an expectation of reciprocity (tariff concessions) by developed
countries from the developing countries in exchange for market access. However, the following were the guidelines: Full reciprocity was not expected;
 It was what each developing country could offer;
 Market access to the developed countries beyond their (the developing countries) capacity was not expected; and There was to be no “bullying”.
• As the developed countries generally already had low tariffs while developing countries had higher tariffs, a same percentage cut in tariffs
would appear to look like “bullying”. To mitigate this, the developing countries had lower percentage reduction and a longer timeframe
to reduce the tariffs.
• However, as the focus was on tariff and quota reductions, the environment was still considered as less predictable.

Under the WTO: The WTO provided better options compared to the GATT, among others being:• Agreement Rules Based: Permanent rules as against ad hoc and provisional i.e. WTO developed rules on what is allowed and notallowed; and• Dispute Settlement Mechanism: More powerful, comparatively faster mechanism and a fairly level playing field where it was difficult toblock the rulings. Even the smallest economy could take a dispute case against developed countries, though it had its limitations.
• Based on these the WTO provided a better predictable environment in conducting trade.

3Now we’ll take sit back and look at what is happening in the current US led trade actions. The question is the US moving from multilateralism
to unilateralism?
What appeared as a ‘genuine’ claim for action on steel and aluminium (Section 232) by the US, under multilateral rules has now expanded
and the true intention is being unveiled - to ensure the US remains both economically and technologically the leading nation, thus resorting
to unilateral actions to achieve this against the multilateralism, as professed under the WTO.
What would be the possible underlying causes of the escalation of the trade restrictive measures by the US into beyond just trade? Let us
examine this:Possible Underlying Causes/What’s Behind the Actions – Views expressed

So far, all the US led actions taken have had one common justification theme – threat to US Security. The following collection of views,
expressed by various persons/parties, try to capture the essence of various views and counter views on what the possible reasons are for theescalation of the trade tensions led by the US.

Trade Deficit or Beyond Trade - Geo-economics Rivalry?

• Trade Deficit: The US has a large trade deficit with China, which in 2017 was US$375 billion. This is perceived to be a result of China’s“unfair” trade practices, and needed to be addressed and the WTO route is seen as not being effective, while unilateral action is perceived
as bringing quick results.

• It has to be noted that the US also has a trade deficit with a number of other major trading partners.
• China now rivals the US in economic size: The US’s share of global nominal gross domestic product was 16 per cent as opposed to 24 percent last year; nevertheless, having adjusted for the purchasing power of currencies, it is claimed that China is now the largest economy
in the world at 19 per cent versus 15 per cent for the US.

4

Expropriation of US Intellectual Property (IP) or Fight for Technology Leadership (?)• Inappropriate Methods in China: The US is perfectly happy to compete with China toe-totoe, as long as it’s a level playing field. There is objection, however, to “inappropriate methods”
used by China to acquire its more sophisticated technologies.
 China is expropriating US intellectual property, as well as forcing foreign companies in
China to unfairly disclose proprietary information in exchange for access to the Chinese
market.

• Attempted Theft/Fraud/Obstruction in the US: A 10-count indictment charge recorded on Huawei Device Co., Ltd. and Huawei Device
Co. USA by the US for theft of trade secrets conspiracy, attempted theft of trade secrets, seven counts of wire fraud, and one count of
obstruction of justice.
 But Hua Wei counter-claims that it is independent from the Chinese government; being a company that would never undertake any spying
activities; Huawei’s is pursuing the matter through a lawsuit in the US – against the blacklisting.
• Leadership in Technology Advancement: “Every country now correctly recognises that their prosperity, their wealth, their economic
security and their military security is going to be linked to keeping a technological edge”. Leadership in technology advancement is thus
crucial.
 Is Huawei a Real Leader of Technology? Huawei’s network equipment and smartphones are heavily reliant on US components, notably
semiconductors, and software. Some of these components cannot easily be replaced by non-US parts. And where others can, for example
by Korean or Japanese products, the substitutes are typically manufactured using US intellectual property. This means Korean and Japanesesuppliers would be subject to US penalties if they sold to Huawei, which explains why Panasonic and Hitachi had halted shipments of key
components to the Chinese company after the US announced the blacklisting of Huawei.
 Technology-Interdependency and Economic Impact: On the other hand, Huawei and other Chinese tech firms are major customers for US
companies and these US companies would suffer greatly from a rigorously enforced export ban by the US.

China’s Policies and Increasing Global Influence• Made in China 2025: The US is suspicious of China’s “Made in China 2025” policy plan. It outlines China’s strategies to upgrade its industries,
increase domestic content of core components and build global champions, particularly in sectors such as artificial intelligence, new-energy
vehicles and biomedicine. US policy makers take this as an “unprecedented threat” to the US industrial base
• Belt and Road Initiative:
This is an ambitious programme to connect Asia with Africa and Europe via land and maritime networks along six corridors with the aim of
improving regional integration, increasing trade and stimulating economic growth. Concerns include: Standards - the adequacy of Chinese development practices, and the erosion of Western development norms; and This initiative is viewed as a deliberate attempt to economically marginalize the United States and to create a Eurasian sphere of influence; or
as a pretext to expanding China’s overseas military presence.
Chinese assertiveness in pursuing the above two policies, including that in South China Sea, appear to threaten the existing balance/
leadership of geo-political power.

The US’s Aggressive Trade Policies – Taking to Unilateralism?

• Pursuing “America first” and “Make America Great Again”
Resorting to “might is right” by creating “bargaining power” through unilateral actions (Confrontational, big-stick style of diplomacy) as wellas to “bullying”/“intimidating” tactics against targeted countries – to maintain its hegemony (currently seen as a benign hegemon).
 Global governance as a threat to American sovereignty;
 “America is governed by Americans”. “We reject the ideology of globalism and we embrace the doctrine of patriotism.”; and Demanding reciprocal access in return for access to the US market.
The US sees the current multilateral rules as putting themselves in a disadvantageous situation.
• US wants China to embrace the Western model – free market economics, free trade economics, i.e. Washington consensus principles
versus centrally-managed economy that plays by a different set of rules.

Geopolitical Concerns – Fast Changing Geopolitical Landscape - Geopolitical Power Struggle – New World Order(?)• “We have entered into a new normal in which US-China geopolitical competition has intensified and become more explicit”;• “The trade deal will moderate one phase of the US-China power struggle, but only temporarily and with limited effect.”• “It is more than a geo-economic rivalry; it is increasingly a geostrategic competition infused by political ideology and military supremacy”.
“I think this is more than a trade war; it is a war of ideas between an authoritarian regime and democratic governance.”• US has two structural concerns towards China: One is the rebalancing of economic power and the other is the geopolitical power
associated with the rise of China, where the US perceives that China’s system of single-party political control and state-led capitalism
has put the US at a systematic disadvantage. There are fundamental differences in the political, legal and economic fabric of these twocountries.

5BOX ARTICLECHRONOLOGY OF ACTIONS POST TRUCE DECLARATION IN DECEMBER 2018
• 2 December 2018: The US and China agree to a temporary truce thus refraining from increasing tariffs or imposing new tariffs for 90
days until 1 March 2019.
• 14 December 2018: : China announces that beginning 1 January 2019 it will temporarily remove additional 25% tariffs on autos fromthe US and 5% on certain US auto parts; and China to also resume purchasing soya beans from the US.
• 24 February 2019: US announces extension of temporary truce with no specific end date. China extends suspension of additional tariffs
on auto & parts and soya beans on the US.
• 10 May 2019: The US increases tariffs from 10% to 25% on US$200 billion worth of Chinese goods as talks fail. The US also announcesthat it will hold a public hearing on possible imposition of additional 25% tariffs on a further US$300 billion worth of imports.
• 13 May 2019: China Imposes tariffs on US$60 billion imports of US goods from 1 June 2019.
• 16 May 2019: Huawei Technologies Co. Ltd. of China and its related companies are placed in US “entry list” i.e. banned from purchasing
IP related products from US companies without US Government approval.
• 31 May 2019: China comes up with its own “unreliable entities” list i.e. enterprises, organizations, and individuals who do not obey
market rules, violate contracts, and who block and/or cut off supply for non-commercial reasons, or severely damage the legitimate
interests of Chinese companies.
• I June 2019: China increases tariffs on US$60
billion worth of imports from the US.
• 2 June 2019: China releases a White Paper –“China’s Position on the China-US Economic
and Trade Consultations” which denounces US
unilateral and protectionist measures. Moreover,
China counter claims on backtracking by the
US and demands China be treated as an equal
partner.
• June 2019:
Summary of Tariff Increase Imposed:√ US on China: US$250 billion worth of Chinese
imports√ China on US: US$110 billion worth of US imports
Summary of Threat of a Tariff Increase:√ US on China: 25% Tariff on US$325billion worthof Chinese imports – Implying these additionaltariffs will cover all imports from China√ China on US: Qualitative measures that would
affect US companies in China• 24 June 2019: US - AMD Chinese Affiliates
Blacklisted√ AMD’s Chinese joint-venture partner Higon isblacklisted. Also included in the blacklist were
Sugon (Higon’s majority owner), Chengdu
Haiguang Integrated Circuit and Chengdu
Haiguang Microelectronics Technology, the last
two are said to have Higon ownership.
√ Wuxi Jiangnan Institute of Computing
Technology, said to be owned by the People’s
Liberation Army’s 56th Research Institute.
√ These companies will require to get a licensefrom the U.S. government in order to sell theirproducts.
• 30 June 2019: Truce announced again. The above
threatened increase in tariffs by the US put on
hold.

6

WTO Dispute Update• Canada, China, the EU, India, Mexico, Norway, Russia, Switzerland and Turkey have also referred to the WTO under the Dispute Settlement
Body: against the Section 232 steel and aluminium action.
• The US has also counter filed in July 2018, sixteen (16) separate WTO dispute settlement cases against the duty increases imposedby China, the European Union, Canada, Mexico, and Turkey in response to the United States’ additional tariffs on imports of steel andaluminium products.
• These cases are still pending as of writing of this article.
• Actions by Countries to Prevent Trade Diversion: Updates:
 May 2019: In April 2018 Turkey ex officio initiated a safeguard investigation concerning the imports of steel products. In May 2019, Turkey
terminated the investigation. Meanwhile the US reduced the duties from 50% to 25 % and terminated Turkey’s GSP eligibility.
 2 Feb 2019 – On 26 Mar 2018 the EU ex officio initiated safeguard investigation, imposed final safeguard measures on 26 categories of steel
products on tariff quota basis with tariffs of 25% imposed when imports exceed three-year average imports for 3 years till 16 July 2021.
 13 May 2019: On 25 October 2018 – Canada, ex officio initiated and imposed Provisional Safeguard duties of 25% that exceeds tariff rate quota
on 7 categories of products; and on 13 May 2019 imposed Safeguard measure only on 2 products – heavy plates and stainless steel wire till 24
October 2021 with reducing tariffs rates ending at 10% and 5% respectively.

http://www.tampabay.com/apps/pbcs.dll/article?avis=HI&date=20180305&category=ARTICLE&lopenr=303059465&Ref=AR&profile=2312

POTENTIAL IMPACT

Here we take a look at two reports that provide evaluations on the impact of these escalating trade actions.

I.UNCERTAINTY IS A BIGGER ISSUE (INVESTMENTS) THAN THE ACTUAL TARIFFS IMPOSED(Based on Bloomberg Economics: https://www.bloomberg.com/graphics/2019-g20-trade-war/)

Global Cost of a Trade War• The World GDP loss is forecast at US$1.2 trillion in 2021 with escalating trade dispute:

Sources: NiGEM, Bloomberg Economics
Note: Forecasts are as of the end of each year.

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Share of GDP Exposed to China-U.S. Trade FlowsThe following shows which countries’ share of GDP are most exposed to risks from the disruption caused by US-China tariff tensions and theresulting weaker Chinese and US demand:

Sources: OECD TiVA (2015),
Bloomberg Economics

Points to note in (as percentage of GDP):• China has a greater exposure of 3.9% of GDP tied up in trade with the US whereas the US trade with China, is less exposed at 1.3% of GDP;Of the main neighbouring countries around China that are exposed include – Taiwan at 1.7% of GDP; Malaysia South Korea and Singapore
at 0.8%.
Imports of Tariffed Goods into the US Plunge• Year-over-year change in U.S. imports of tariffed categories from China:• Other possible effects of a drop in Chinese imports imposed with tariffs into the US: shifting of production base out of China;
 reduction in future appeal to invest in China on products imposed with tariffs;
 manipulation of customs declarations – circumvention; and shift in import pattern – e.g. tariffed liquid crystal displays (LCDs) plummeted and non-tariffed LCDs soared:8

Exports Shift to China’s Neighbours(https://www.bloomberg.com/graphics/2019-g20-trade-war/)• Shifts in having production bases away from China to othercountries will also lead to mayhem in the supply chain networks
for the final product assembly. Not only that, the demand for
quality and specifications on components for final assembly –also involves:
 qualified/trained/skilled labour; Technology – machine related; and Pricing.
• This shift is not that simplistic and therefore will take time as there
will be a lag in fulfilling the vacuum created by tariffed products,
before getting back to the same level prior to tariff imposition.

• The world’s biggest bicycle maker, Giant Manufacturing Co.,
Taiwan, started moving production of U.S.-bound orders out of its
China facilities to its home base; and• It must be noted that additional imports from 10 Asian supplychain countries covered less than half of the drop in imports
from China. This is expected as low hanging fruits (easy to shift
production) will go first and the more complex production shift
will take time.

Supply Chain Readjustments Across Southeast Asia
Value of printed circuits uesd in computers imported by the U.S.

Change in U.S. imports of China-tariffed categories, Q1 2018 toQ1 2019:• Taiwan (up by 30%) and South Korea (17%) saw sales of electronics
components accelerate as final assembly relocated from China totheir respective home bases;• Vietnam (more than 20%) saw sales of furniture rise;

Sources: USITC DataWeb, Bloomberg Economics

Sources: USITC DataWeb, Bloomberg Economics

9II.US-China Trade Diversion: Who Benefits?

(https://www.nomuraconnects.com/focused-thinking-posts/us-china-trade-diversionwho-benefits/)

A caveat to this study: While the study focusses on how much
China-US import substitution can benefit third-party countries, thefollowing must be noted:• This is only one aspect of the US-China trade war; and• There are many other forces at work and the overall economic
impact on most third-party countries will be negative:
 Third - party countries that experience an increase in export shareto the US, may likely experience a decrease in export share to
China, being large suppliers to intermediate goods to factories in
China. Higher tariffs by the US on China penalises final assemblies
in China as well as suppliers in the elaborate value chain suppliers
based in Asia;
 The tit-for-tat tariffs creates uncertainty prompting firms to take a‘wait and see’ approach on new investments;
 Swooning asset markets are tightening global financial conditions;and Trade protections increase costs and firms absorb high importcosts or pass this on to consumers.

The following extracts are taken from the Nomura Report on USChina Trade Diversion: Who Benefits.

Countries That Benefit From Trade Diversion• US tariffs on China have resulted in US’s import substitution in electronic products, furniture and travel goods, while China’s tariffs on the
US have resulted in China’s import substitution mostly in soybeans, aircraft, grains and cotton.
• Vietnam is the largest beneficiary; it is estimate it could gain 7.9% of GDP from trade diversion; Followed by Taiwan (2.1% of GDP), Chile(1.5%), Malaysia (1.3%) and Argentina (1.2%).

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Trade Diversion/Import
Substitution• There is evidence of importsubstitution in 572 products(accounting for 64.9% of numberof products, or 85.9% in terms of
product value), notwithstanding
other possible factors.
• Similarly, of the 1,099 products on
which China has imposed tariffs on
the US, there is evidence of importsubstitution in 456 products (41.5%,
or 68.8% in terms of product value).
• At the aggregate level, there isgreater evidence of US importsubstitution (from US tariffs on
China) than vice versa (Figures 14
and 15).
The top 20 products with highest import substitution for both the US and China are as follows:• The imposition of US tariffs has resulted in most of these products shifting to import substitution of China’s imports (and market shareloss for China) in electric apparatus for phones, parts of office machines, automatic data process machines, furniture and travel goods.
• Trade diversion in these electronics and electrical machinery segments are likely driven by the ability of MNCs to quickly switch tofactories located in other countries and away from China.

• China’s imposition of tariffs has resulted in most of these products shifting to import substitution of the US’s imports (and the highest
market share loss for the US) in soybeans, aircraft, grains and cotton product segments.

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Product beneficiaries in each country

For US tariffs (on China) the products in which third - party countries
benefit most from US import substitution are mostly electronics(Figure 22):
• Vietnam: electric apparatus for telephony and parts (5.7% of GDP),furniture and parts (0.4%) and automatic data process machines(0.3%).

Importantly, these results suggest that if the US follows throughon its threat to impose 25% tariffs on its remaining USD300bn
of imports from China, it could lead to substantially more importsubstitution, given that a much larger proportion of this tranche ofimports comprise electronic products (Figure 21).
For China’s tariffs (on the US), the products in which third - party• Taiwan: typewriter parts and office machines (0.8%), automatic
data process machines (0.5%) and electric apparatus for telephonyand parts (0.2%).
• South Korea: typewriter parts and office machines (0.3%), electricalapparatus for telephony (0.1%) and motor vehicle parts andaccessories (0.1%).
• Mexico: automatic data process machines (0.2%), preparedunrecorded media (0.1%), insulated cable wire segments (0.1%) andmotor vehicle parts (0.1%).
• Malaysia: electronic integrated circuits (0.2%) and semiconductor
devices and light emit diodes (0.2%).
• The Philippines: typewriter parts and office machines (0.3%).
• Saudi Arabia, Colombia, Egypt, Norway and Portugal: oil (0.2%,
0.1%, 0.1%, 0.1% and 0.1% respectively).
• Czech Republic: electric apparatus for telephony and parts (0.1%).
• Chile: fish (0.1%).

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countries benefit most from China’s import substitution are mostly
in agricultural and other commodities (Figure 23):
• Chile: copper ores and concentrates (1.4% of GDP) and soybeans(0.2%)• Argentina and Brazil: soybeans (1.0% and 0.5%, respectively)• Singapore, HK and South Africa: gold (1.4%, 1.2% and 0.4% respectively).
• Malaysia: waste and scrap alloy (0.4%), natural gas (0.3%) and benzole (0.3%)• Australia: gold (0.3%) and natural gas (0.2%)• Canada: soybeans (0.2%) and gold (0.1%)• Portugal: motor vehicle parts (0.2%)• France and Germany: aircraft (0.2% and 0.1%, respectively)• Egypt: natural gas (0.1%)• Romania: programmable controllers (0.1%)• Saudi Arabia: hydrocarbons: cyclanes and cycloterpenes (0.1%)
Overall, the big beneficiaries from trade diversion due to US tariffs on China are located in Asia, but the beneficiaries from China’s tariffs on
US imports are a lot more diversified across regions.

LATEST DEVELOPMENTS

At the time of writing this article, the US and China have agreed to a tentative truce before the G20 Summit where it was indicated that:• Fresh tariffs are expected to be delayed, with both sides preparing separate statements; and• The truce agreement comes in the wake of some US companies having found legal ways around Trump’s Huawei blacklist and ideas
being floated on possible China restricting rare earth exports.
In the media release by Trump during G20 the following were reported related to the tariff and Huawei:(https://www.scmp.com/economy/article/3016610/donald-trump-speaks-g20-summit-after-breakthrough-meeting-xi-jinping?utm_medium=email&utm_source=mailchimp&utm_
campaign=enlz-breaking_news&utm_content=20190629&MCUID=24380d6ba2&MCCampaignID=743d3e3d52&MCAccountID=3775521f5f542047246d9c827&tc=3)• Trump confirmed he has agreed with Chinese president Xi Jinping that the US will not implement new tariffs on US$300 billion of Chinese
imports “at least for the time being” and that negotiations to end their year-long trade war would resume.
• US companies could sell to Chinese telecommunications equipment giant Huawei again as long as the sales did not involve equipmentthat threatened US national security. This effectively ends the current ban on US company sales to Huawei.
• Whether to take Huawei off the Commerce Department’s entities list would be left to later, adding he (Trump) will have a meeting on
Tuesday (2 July 2019) on the subject. It has been indicated that fully lifting the ban on Huawei would rest on a deal to end the trade war.
• No discussion on the case of Sabrina Meng, the Huawei chief financial officer who is imprisoned in Canada awaiting a hearing on whether
she will be extradited to the US on charges that she violated American sanctions against Iran.
• China and the US can be “strategic partners,” Trump said. However, the US is open to China but China is not open to the US.
• Trump said China had agreed to buy a “tremendous” amount of US goods to reduce the trade imbalance. The US will give China a list of
the goods it wants China to buy.

Final Thoughts

The temporary ceasefire would give both sides time to further look into forging a final deal, according to a source. Most of us would agree
that “The reality, though, is President Trump could always have a change of heart,” and as for now at least “… the truce cake seems tohave been baked.”
Further, it is to be noted that it is only a pause, no de-escalation announced by the US. However, since the US is looking to change thefundamentals of the running of the Chinese economy, one cannot but only be sceptical of truce call and cannot expect any agreement to bereached in the short to medium-term. In fact one can expect a replay December 2018 truce call and further escalation of the trade tension.
As envisioned in this article, the trade tensions are not going to go away that easily as President Trump is moving towards unilateralism inresolving US’s disadvantages with other countries as well. As for China, the current attention appears to go beyond just trade – concoctedwith global leadership, competing to remain the leader in both economy and technology, as well as in geopolitics. What is there to stop
President Trump from using the same tools of unilateralism on the EU and with its other trading partners - though it may be confined tojust trade?
[Note: Sources quoted and where “no copyright infringement is intended”]

13

14

WHAT IS VIRTUAL DESIGNAND CONSTRUCTION (VDC) ?
Donahue Chong

CEO, VDC Integrated Tech Sdn Bhd
Virtual Design and Construction (VDC) is an integrated approach that combines Building Information Modelling (BIM)
and advanced management methods to improve productivity in Design and Construction of Building and Infrastructure.
Specifically, it has been proven to increase profitability, improve reliability and predictability before project execution andenhance project efficiency to higher levels.
The Difference between BIM and Virtual Construction
Everyone knows a great 3D model when they see one. Superstructures, interiors, MEP, andfoundations are all modeled whether it’s in SketchUp or Tekla, ArchiCAD or Revit. But
what do you do with a model after you’ve built it? This is Virtual Construction. VDC
extends the basic 3D model with constructability analysis and coordination,
quantity takeoff, 4D location-based scheduling and production control, 5D
estimating, and layout.
Advanced
Virtual Construction is getting to build the project twice: one on theManagement
computer screen and once out at the jobsite. So if by constructing model in
Methods
the same way as building the project, the team may be able to coordinate,schedule, and estimate the whole process. VDC takes in all types of BIMs fromall project stakeholders – the design team, the engineers, the subs, in-house
team, etc. and combine them to locate any constructability issues. By ironing
these out on the computer screen during preconstruction, it can save headaches
out in the field and even prefabricate the pieces for straightforward installation. Then
generate construction-caliber quantities from the model geometry by location
power crew-based scheduling and estimating. Flowline to illustrate crews moving
through locations at a particular productivity rate and can optimize the schedule
Integrated
Concurrent
based on project length, cost, risk, or a whole host of other variables. And ofEngineeringcourse, it can also check the schedule simulations to make certain assumptions(ICE)
are correct and communicate the schedule to subs and Owner.
Cost planning is iterative in VDC because the design will be changing and models
will arrive at different levels of completion. The challenge is to make all new models
perfectly synched with established locations and estimated structure. Virtual
Construction doesn’t stop with a model. It starts with a model and the richness ofa means and methods database and results in construction management reports
can be used by the whole team to bring the project home on time and on budget.

VDC

BIM

Defining
Process

AdvancedManagement
Methods

Project
Metrics

Technology

15Pre-requisite for VDC is understanding BIM

The VDC collaboration partners shall be well versed in BIM both technically as well as the processes and workflow. Therefore, BIM maturity
assessment are extremely vital as it is a stepping stone towards fully utilizing VDC in a project.

Learning what completes VDC

There are 4 advanced management methods, alongside BIM, that could formulate the VDC journey.

1)Integrated Concurrent Engineering (ICE)ICE looks into the ability of ensuring that decision-making is not being procrastinated when the response could be immediate or when an
immediate decision is needed. ICE would gather all the stakeholders in the project to be in a common workplace, usually on site, to workon the BIM models, updating the designs and coordinating for construction. With this approach, subcontractors can be better managed bycontractors where a dedicated person is placed on site to resolve issues. Whenever any participant faces any queries, clashes or disputes thatneeds to be resolved, the participant can highlight this out immediately and discussions can take place instantly. As far as possible, decisions
should be made before the meeting is dismissed.

Traditional BIM Coordination Process between Contractor and Subcontractors

Proposed BIM Coordination Process between Contractor and Subcontractors:

The new proposed BIM Coordination Process in the spirit of ICE would ultimately shorten response and design latency.
On a prospective view, the below diagram could work for future ICE collaborations between consultants, main contractor and subcontractors.
Every stakeholder of the project can be at their respective offices while still collaborating on the model, solving clashes and brainstorming
for resolutions. This is where project can adopt a cloud based platform to host all stakeholders of the project so they will constantly beconnected to one another throughout the project phase.

162)Defining Processes

This is an important step that is part of VDC. Processes and workflows should constantly be analysed thoroughly for improvements. The
processes described here would relate to all process that forms the VDC journey. Redefining an ICE process could also be an example. All
its processes that has been defined earlier or at current practices needs to be re-looked, right from before the tender stage to beyond theconstruction and as-built stage. All the processes and workflows need to be documented and further studied to examine ways to improve
the processes to ensure a more efficient and effective overall process.
A process that could be improved to further polish the BIM Model as it is passed down to the contractor by the consultants could
be addressing the need for consultants to present a coordinated design model beforehand. Currently, all consultants could not havecoordinated with one another during the design stage when the BIM model is being created. This could be due to having insufficient time
to showcase a design and thus having the need to rush through without coordinating with other consultants, or that the BIM models at
the design stage are rarely checked by the owners. A proposed process to tackle this issue is shown below:173)Project Metrics

An important trait of VDC is to constantly measure and monitor the
progress of all projects. This could help to path the way for continuous
improvements and a successful and holistic appreciation of VDC.
Metrics could also help to effectively evaluate how a change in aparticular process has affected the performance of the project.

4)Technology

Technology could provide solutions to some issues and it can also
contribute to simplifying the traditional workflows and processes.
Mobile applications are now ready to receive the BIM models invarious software. This could assist the project team when evaluating
the project’s progress on site or when making presentations to
showcase real-time progress. Facility managers could also makeuse of the mobile applications when they perform their scheduled
maintenance works or for operations purposes. Virtual reality andaugmented reality could be integrated with the BIM models tooffer more options of viewing the model and for future planningpurposes. With the BIM
models that are heavily
rich in information, big data
storing and application isimportant. A platform that is
capable of storing large data
should be used for storing
and the platform should
be readily available forapplication and integration
purposes when needed.

18

VDC Benefits
1) The interactive method of all relevant parties involved during
joint work sessions enables the ability to immediately makeadjustments to designs and processes. The results are integrated
decisions which are taken quicker with the support of everyone
participating. This leads to an optimisation of time, costs andcooperation.
2) Improved productivity of project as all relevant parties of the
project now dedicate their time to meet and settle issues that
require attention. If the consultants also partake in the VDC
meetings, then RFIs can be issued by the main contractor
and signed by the consultant on the spot. Through this,documentation is well taken care of and will reduce the hassleof waiting for replies through email that might not receive suchan immediate attention.
3) When utilised properly, VDC processes improve efficiencies on
the projects and with these improvements, help save money by
reducing the schedule of work.
4) Project team will spend minimal time on non-value adding
activities on the project such as dealing with RFIs or Change
Orders and can focus their time on project matters.

About VDC Integrated Tech Sdn Bhd (“VDC-TECH’)
VDC-TECH is a Malaysian Start-Up Company that is poised to promoteand deliver Virtual Design and Construction (VDC) Technology forbuilding construction industry in Malaysia.
VDC-Tech has entered technology collaboration with leading BIM/
VDC Technology companies in US, Singapore & Hongkong, of
which the Group possesses more than 15 years of experience in
the implementation of building information modelling and virtual
design construction.
It is in line with CIDB’s recommendation to implement mandatory
use of Building Information Modelling (BIM) in certain private section
projects by 2020. The company’s said move is to encourage digital
adoption by industry players as Malaysia is set to launch industrial
revolution 4.0.

APPRECIATION NOTE FROM
WHITE PAPER COMMITTEE
BY WHITE PAPER COMMITTEE

On behalf of the Malaysian iron and steel industry, we wish to
express our sincere gratitude to the Ministry of International Tradeand Industry (MITI), especially to the MITI Minister, YB Datuk Darell
Leiking and MITI Management for the opportunity given to theindustry players to come together, brainstorm and contribute inputs
for drafting the steel policy for IMP4.
Led by Tan Sri Albert Cheng as the Chairman of the White Paper
Committee, industry players involved comprising of the Malaysia
Steel Association (MSA), Malaysia Iron and Steel Industry Federation(MISIF), Malaysia Steel and Metal Distributors’ Association (MSMDA),
Steel Wire Association Malaysia (SWAM), The Federation of Malaysia
Hardware, Machinery and Building Materials Dealers’ Association(FMHMBA), Building Materials Distributors Association of Malaysia(BMDAM), Master Builders Association Malaysia (MBAM), Malaysia
Metal Recycle Association (MMRA), Federation of Malaysian Foundry
and Engineering Industries Association (FOMFEAI) and Pertubuhan
Pengusaha Mineral Negeri Pahang (PPMNP). With special thanks
to MITI Sectoral Policy Division, Trade Practices Section,
ASEAN Division, Malaysia Automotive Robotics
and IoT Institute (MARii), Malaysian Investment
Development Authority (MIDA) and Federationof Malaysian Manufacturers (FMM), thefirststage of the policy drafting has been successfullycompleted.
The White Paper initiative involved 50 people
from 11 associations with 1500 man-hours
spent, 13 meetings and workshops, and
60 documents recorded. We thank
MITI for the venues provided for theWhite Paper meetings and workshops
and Eigis Consultant in preparing
the White Paper final report. We lookforward to contributing continuously
for the benefit of public interests and theindustry as a whole.

Salam Malaysiaku!

Tan Sri Albert Cheng handing over the Final
Report of the White Paper to MITI Minister,
YB Datuk Darell Leiking on 30 April 2019.
Courtesy: MSI

19

FUTURE MOBILITYFROM MOVING CARS TO MOVING PEOPLE
BY WORLD AUTO STEEL

We’re approaching a critical milestone in automotive history when
what we know as normal is about to change significantly. Future
Mobility describes the revolution that’s already begun. We’rerethinking transportation from the movement of a vehicle to a more
efficient concept for moving people and things. We’re about todiscover the social advantages of connected, autonomous, sharedand electric vehicles. And we’re completely changing the way weview transportation.
By 2030, electric vehicles (EVs) will be mainstream—not just within
the premium segment, as they are today. EV’s will be popular andavailable across all vehicle variants and prolific in the commercial
vehicle industry and in public transportation. Owners and fleet
providers will experience the lower costs of electricity, lower
maintenance costs, and the lower overall total cost of ownership(TCO). Fully autonomous or self-driving vehicles will introduce design
freedom never experienced before, with the removal of the steering
wheel, foot pedals and conventional dashboard. Communicationand comfort will be re-imagined, with a vehicle that’s no longer
designed around the driver but designed to serve the needs andcomfort of the occupants, who are now users instead of owners.
With the rise of mobility services such as Uber, Didi, and a hostof others, vehicle ownership is fast becoming an option. In a very
short time, especially in urban areas such as China’s mega-cities, it is
becoming cost-efficient to subscribe to a monthly ride share service
for all of your transportation needs.
Bill Russo, CEO of China-based Automobility, in a December
2018 article, Competing in the Digital Internet of Mobility, notesthat the digital connectivity of these vehicles will open up profit
opportunities well beyond the vehicle hardware. He says “An

20

expanded understanding of mobility use cases and tailoring of
the mobility hardware ‘form factor’ to the particular mobility need
will be a way to create a value proposition that is rooted in theunique riding experience. In the user-centric world where users are
passengers, the focus shifts from traditional driver-centric design toa user-centric productivity space. Instead of traveling in the cockpit,
we will move in business class or economy class, depending on our
preferences and budget.” Cities will be re-imagined in new social
opportunities associated with autonomy, as these vehicles will serve
the under-served, and infrastructures will shift in purpose to movepeople, as opposed to moving vehicles.

Where does steel fit?
The steel industry plans to be right in the middle of this revolutionarychange. George Coates, Technical Director, WorldAutoSteel notes,“Fleet owners who provide ride hailing and ride sharing services
need to manage the total cost of ownership, while maximizing theuser experience for added revenue. To be profitable, they’ll wantdurable, lasting structures that are affordable to own, provide theuser motion as well as emotional comfort, while being efficient tooperate, and environmentally friendly – and steel is the only material
that meets all these requirements.”

Lightweighting will continue to be important in an effort to balancesmaller battery sizes with maximum range. The steel industry has
been and will continue to develop products, such as the evergrowing family of Advanced High-Strength Steels (AHSS), to meetboth the mass reduction and the safety targets, affordably. With
content innovation and the amazing flexibility of the Iron (Fe)element, researchers still have vast development possibilities for
new steels that are stronger, more formable and cost effective.

As always, steel is needed for the crash safety structures, andnow add battery protection. Our market intelligence shows that
due to the high cost to municipalities and regional governments,
autonomous-only vehicles will be limited to dedicated areas for along time to come. Meanwhile, vehicle-to-vehicle and vehicle-toinfrastructure connectivity will result in dramatic improvements inaccident avoidance and reduced fatalities.
Because it will take many years before all vehicles on the road havethese technologies in play, the need for passive safety will remain
for the foreseeable future. Developing a structural design for thepassenger compartment becomes challenging, since there’s a now aneed to strike a balance between occupant safety and the occupant
freedom. This is enabled by removing the driver and controls fromthe interior. Steel will be needed to provide the unique properties ofboth crash energy absorption and deflection, while also managing
the loads associated with passengers in multiple and diverse seating
configurations. Steel has the ability to provide needed strength while
keeping the material thin, which lends more room in the passenger
cabin for new seating arrangements and more seats. And battery
housings made from steel will provide structural integrity for crashmanagement, while also preventing battery pack damage andleakage.

(177492-W)

Malaysia’s Highest Quality
Cold Rolled Steel Sheets
ISO 9001 REG. NO. AR 0912

ISO 14001 REG. NO. ER 0882

Address: Lot 717, Jalan Sungai Rasau, Seksyen 16, P.O. Box 7168, 40706 Shah Alam, Selangor, Malaysia.
Tel: 03-5510 6608 | Fax: 03-5510 3720 | E-mail: crc@mycronsteel.com | Website: www.mycronsteel.com

NATIONAL OCCUPATIONAL SKILLSSTANDARD (NOSS) FOR “HOT ROLLING”
BY TRACY LEE HOOI LAN, STANDARDS & NEW TECHNOLOGY, MSI

Background
The Malaysia Steel Institute (MSI) has been appointed as the Industry
Lead Body (ILB) for the Iron and Steel Sector by the Department
of Skills Development, Ministry of Human Resources, since 2015 todate.
Last year (2018), MSI undertook the project on developing the NOSSon “Hot Rolling” for the Iron and Steel Sector. “Rolling” process is acontinuous process using the input materials sourced from the steel
melt shop to produce wire rods and bars, beams and hot rolled coil.
In the hot rolling mills sections, the plant is operated by rolling experts
headed by Rolling Managers and assisted by Rolling Executives. Thei

A total of four (4) documents for Iron and Steel Sector developed
under MSI are as follows:i) Occupational Analysis (OA) on “Iron & Steel Industry”;ii) NOSS on “Forming”;iii) NOSS on “Steel Melt Shop”; andiv) NOSS on “Steel Hot Rolling”.
MSI will continue to develop the relevant NOSS for Iron and Steel
Sector in order to support the human capital development in thisindustry.

ii

iii

22

knowledge of hot rolling process and the rolling equipment are ofoutmost importance to achieve the required products quality.

iv

Development of NOSS on “Hot Rolling”
The development of NOSS on “Hot Rolling” was divided into two
sessions/workshops as follows:i) First session/workshop: To develop the Standard Practice (SP),Competency Profile (CP) and Competency Profile Chart (CPC);andii) Second session/workshop: To develop the Curriculum ofCompetency Unit (COCU) based on the CP developed in the firstsession.
The first and second workshops were conducted by JPK’s recognised
facilitators from Precious Galaxy. During the workshop, a group ofpanel experts in the area of hot rolling was invited to participate inknowledge sharing sessions, enabling the facilitators to convert andtransfer the information into the NOSS and COCU documents. The
panel experts were represented from the following organisations:i)		 Amsteel Mills Sdn Bhdii)		 Ann Joo Steel Berhadiii) Ji Kang Dimensi Sdn Bhdiv) Malaysia Steel Works (KL) Berhadv)		 Steel Industries (Sabah) Sdn Bhdvi) Southern Steel BerhadDuring the first workshop, the panel experts performed job andcompetency analyses, in order to produce the Standard Practice(SP), Competency Profile (CP) and Competency Profile Chart (CPC)for each level of operations involved. Based on the CP developed, therelated knowledge and skills for performing the task were identified
during the development of COCU(s) in the second workshop.
NOSS on Hot Rolling consists of four (4) levels:i)		 Steel Hot Rolling Mill Operation (Level 2);ii)		 Steel Hot Rolling Mill Operation Supervision (Level 3);iii) Steel Hot Rolling Mill Operation Control (Level 4); andiv) Steel Hot Rolling Mill Operation Management (Level 5).

Level of approval for NOSS(s) on Hot Rolling
Three (3) committees were involved in the approval of NOSS on Hot
Rolling as follows:i)
Jawatankuasa Teknikal Penilaian Standard (JTPS)/TechnicalCommittee (TC) on Standards Evaluation: The TC meeting waschaired by MSI, the committee comprised industry experts, expert
panels, Department of Skills Development (NOSS Division andIndustry Lead Body Division), facilitators from Precious Galaxy
Sdn Bhd, and MSI. The purpose of this meeting is to ensure thatthe industrial requirement and the format of the Department ofSkills Development are met and the opinions and feedback fromindustry experts on the overall NOSS documents were also taken
into account.
The NOSS(s) were successfully validated/endorsed by this TC on
18/7/2018 and 29/8/2018.
ii) Jawatankuasa Teknikal Standard (JTS)/Technical Committee
on Standards: This is the second highest level of committee which
consists of expert stakeholders from various sectors, whose opinions
and feedback were also taken into consideration with very minor
amendment.
The NOSS(s) were successfully approved by this TC on 27/9/2018.
iii) Majlis Pembangunan Kemahiran Kebangsaan (MPKK)/National
Skills Development Council: This is the highest/final council toapprove the NOSS(s).
The final NOSS(s) were successfully approved by the TC on 8/10/2018.
The NOSS(s) on “Hot Rolling” are ready to be used for Pengiktirafan
Pencapaian Terdahulu (PPT)/Recognition of Prior Achievement
certification and the Curriculum of Competency Unit (COCU) willcontribute towards the development of the National Curriculumfor Skills training to be adopted by both the public and private
institutions, as required by the National Skills Development Act 652(NASDA Act 652).

23

ISO 45001:2018 OCCUPATIONAL HEALTH AND SAFETY
MANAGEMENT SYSTEM FOR STEEL PLAYERS
BY LEON LAI, HUMAN RESOURCE DEVELOPMENT, MSI

Most countries have their own legislation on occupational health and safety which must always be respected. Many steelmakers also follow
international standards on occupational health and safety management. The most commonly used international standard on occupational
health and safety management systems are OHSAS 18001 and the recently published ISO 45001. The publication of ISO 45001, a single setof international requirements is expected to alevate the safety standard to another level.
Compliance with the standard demonstrates a company’s commitment to continually check and improve its health and safety performance.
An occupational health and safety management system is often combined with similar management systems such as Environment
Management System (ISO 14001) and Quality Management System (ISO 9001). The standards and systems applied by steelmakers usually
exceeds the minimum legal requirements. As a rule, steelmakers choose to adopt the highest standard available within the industry.
What is the new ISO 45001?
ISO 45001 is an International Standard that specifies requirements for an occupational health and safety (OH&S) management system, withguidance for its use, to enable an organisation to proactively improve its OH&S performance in preventing injury and ill-health.
ISO 45001 is the first global occupational health and safety (OH&S) management sys¬tem standard. ISO 45001 also has been developed by
69 countries experts in liaison with representatives from key organizations such as the Interna¬tional Labour Organization (ILO), International
Trades Union Confederation (ITUC) and Inter¬national Organisation of Employers (IOE).
ISO 45001 management system will enable an organisation to improve its OH&S performance by:• Developing and implementing an OH&S policy and OH&S objectives• Establishing systematic processes which consider its “context” and takes into account its risks and opportunities, and its legal and otherrequirements• Determining the hazards and OH&S risks associated with its activities; seeking to eliminate them, or putting in controls to minimize theirpotential effects• Establishing operational controls to manage its OH&S risks and its legal and other requirements• Increasing awareness of its OH&S risks• Evaluating its OH&S performance and seeking to improve it, through taking appropriate actions• Ensuring workers take an active role in OH&S matters
Understanding some of Malaysia Steel players certify under OHSAS 18001:2007 and the organisation are required need to complete transition
to ISO 45001:2018 by March 2021. Understand the differences between the standards is important for employers as they are planning tomove into the new system and explore the organizational possibilities. Below are several of the main differences between the two standards:

25

Management Commitment

In ISO 45001, management commitment is central to the standard’s effectiveness and integration. The
shift in the new standard is toward managerial ownership. The safety culture of the organization is tobe supported by the engagement of management with workers, and demonstrated by a top-downemphasis. Instead of providing oversight of the program, management should be the true safety leadersin the organisation. This means an active, participatory role in the organization’s safety and health andthose in management. Protection of workers, as well as performance improvements, are roles ofleadership under the new ISO 45001.

Worker Involvement

Workers also have broader participation in the new standard, with employees working
closely with management to implement the new ISO 45001. Employees should be
provided training and education to identify risks and help the company create a successful
safety program. Internal audits and risk assessment results should be openly shared withworkers and allow for employee input. According to ISO 45001, the responsibility of safety
management belongs to everyone in the organization.

Risk Versus Hazard

ISO 45001 follows a preventative process, which requires hazard risks to be evaluated andremedied, as opposed to hazard control, under OHSAS 18001. Think of the new standard
as proactive, rather than reactive. In adopting ISO 45001, organization needs to find andidentify potential hazard risks before they become the cause for accidents and injuries.
Audits, job safety analyses and monitoring of workplace conditions will be vital to ensure
the proactive approach prescribed by ISO 45001.

Structure

One obvious and important difference between ISO 45001 and OHSAS 18001
is the structure. The new standard is based on Annex SL, which replaces ISO
Guide 83, and applies a universal structure, terminology and definitions. This
structure is similar to other systems such as Iso 9001 and ISO 14001.
Through using the same structure, multiple management systems areeasier to be integrated if the management of the organisation wish to havean integrated management system.

Ultimately, ISO 45001 can be best summarized as a wholecompany, proactive approach to incorporating a safety
culture. It is a framework that can take an organization to thenext level in safety and health.
Steel company that needs more understanding on
the new 45001:2018 Occupational Health and Safety
Management System through training can contact Leonat leon@malaysiasteelinstitute.com / 012 669 2491 or
Lily at aqlili@malaysiasteelinstitute.com / 014 753 0556

Reference: Safety And Health In The Steel Industry Worldsteel Position Paper,
Certification Europe

26

STEEL & HEALTHCARESOURCE: WORLD STEEL ASSOCIATION

From medical implants to surgical equipment and vital hospital
infrastructure, steel plays an enduring role in enabling andsupporting the world’s healthcare systems. Steel is a crucial part ofmany lifesaving medical devices and the first stainless steel medical
implant was installed in 1926.
Type 316L stainless steel is commonly used in implants because it
is strong, biocompatible and highly corrosion resistant. Steel is also
used in the electrodes of electrocardiogram (ECG) machines, while
steel-lead radiation shields are used to ensure the safe use of X-Rays.
Many medical instruments rely on stainless-steel and the average
service life of these products is 30 years. While single use items canbe 100% recycled. Steel also ensures sanitation in medical settings
as it can be reliably sanitised at more than 130C, ensuring the highest
possible levels of hygiene. This is vital, as of every 100 hospitalized
patients, 7 in developed and 10 in developing countries will contact
at least one hospital acquired infection (HAI).
Stainless steel is non-porous, meaning that bacteria and viruses areunable to penetrate it and chemical disinfection eliminates morethan 97% of the bacteria that commonly cause HAI’s.
Operating theatres are reliant on steel, with everything from scalpels,
to operating tables being made from it, and steel are used for pipes
in hospital water supply, with its smooth finish making it ideal for
efficient cleaning. Healthcare infrastructure is also heavily reliant on
the enduring properties of steel. The Chang Gung Memorial Hospitalin Taiwan has over 10,000 steel-built beds, while the earthquake
resistant Ronald Reagan UCLA medical centre in the US is reinforced
with 26,000 tonnes of uniquely shaped steel beams. Steel framed,energy efficient hospital buildings with architectural steel shades
can allow for energy savings of more than 50%. Medical emergency
response vehicles are reinforced with steel throughout, while mineresistant conflict zone ambulances are made from high-strength
steel.
Weather its enabling life saving medical devices, ensuring thehighest possible standards of hygiene, or underpinning medical
infrastructure. Steel will continue to play a vital role in healthcare
across the globe.

27

RHAZYMEA POLYMER MODIFIED CEMENTITIOUS BINDER
WHICH COMPRISES MAINLY BY-PRODUCTS
FROM STEEL MAKING INDUSTRIESBY NBT BASE & PAVE SDN BHD

Introduction

As we all know, Sabah and Sarawak are having very poor roadinfrastructures compared with those in Peninsular Malaysia. This ismainly because of the geographical sizes of the two states covering
198,447 square kilometre or 60% of the whole Malaysia. A mere
6 million population scattered in such a big areas means to fully
connect the people in rural areas to town is a challenging task forpoliticians and government and that is why there are still many
villagers or settlements in remote areas that are not connected, or
do not have all weather access to regional road network. Where
roads do exist, they typically consist of earth tracks, with portions or
possibly the entire length gravelled with local natural materials or
imported quarried crusher-run. This is why we called unpaved road28

is a tough nut to crack, inaccessible during rainy days, dusty during
hot weather, bumpy surface which leads to accidents due to loss ofcontrol, incur expensive vehicle’s repair cost or cause fatality.
There are many kinds of roads serving different functions, it may
be primary, secondary or tertiary/kampong access, they connect
small towns to rural communities, serve as farm to market roads,
provide links to farms, access to schools, clinics, recreation parks andjob opportunities. Despite its differences in function, they have one
characteristic in general- carry relatively light and low volumes oftraffc.
Typical rural road in East Malaysia

Although these low volume rural roads play an important role inrural development and in poverty alleviation through increased
agricultural income and employment opportunities, but becauseof its low traffc volume, using conventional economic analysis andpavement design techniques that are stemmed from western countries some 100 years ago when environmental and costs were not a
problem, paving with conventional asphalt pavement of these roads
becomes unjustiﬁed, and are therefore maintained with gravels.
Unpaved roads with gravel or earth surface are relatively cheap toconstruct and provide only basic access without any engineeringspecs to support. These roads are not only expensive to maintainbut also environmentally unsustainablebecause it needs frequent blading with grader, deploys heavy trucks
to haul in aggregates for potholes patching periodically, whichis naturally occurring and are ﬁnite. Coupled with environmental
and economic issues, liveli- hood of this ignored groups who lives
hand-to-mouth are negatively affected, besides facing inﬂated
daily necessities, their income depends on crops from farms whichdampens due to failure to deliver to markets on time. All these issues
becomes contradictory to Government’s policy where people are
the priority or “RAKYAT DIDAHULUKAN”.

RHAzyme Treated ROAD SYSTEM (RTRS)

Increased paving costs for conventional design due to regional
shortages, or supply at reasonable price, soaring oil’s price thatinﬂuence transportation & handling costs, coupled with constrainedmonetary budget at this slumping economy situation. The needto improve the infrastructure have created the extreme demand
for more cost effective and innovative methods of providing new
pavement for these low-volume rural roads.

like Ground Granulated Blast-furnace Slag (GGBS) and Fly-ash totreat different types of marginal soils at site. In some cases it canelimi- nate, or reduce (if not totally replace) the use of the depleting
naturally occurred gravel/aggregate. And “Surface Sealing”- is toprovide an all-weather wearing surface by paving with ﬂexible thin
bituminous surface treatment e.g. Chip Seal; Surface Dressing; Slurry
Seal or Micro-surfacing; Cold Mix Asphalt and Super Thin Pave. These
techniques not only optimize the use of local materials, reduce
the pavement thickness requirements and make use of thin but
effective bituminous surfacing that provides a wearing surface thatis all seasons to cater to local traffc requirements. More importantly,
it meets budget allocation through ﬂexible construction stages in
addi- tion to reducing the life cycle construction and maintenancecosts substantially.
The primary tenet of the RTRS is to use local materials as much as
possible, these materials are the cheapest but sometimes may beof inadequate quality or marginal according to laboratory results.
Through the uses of RHA- zyme, the strength and stiffness of a soil
layer can be substantially improved thus permitting the use of nonstandard or marginal material at site which by itself would not besuitable for use for pavement of the roads.
Road base design is based on the premise that minimum speciﬁed
structural quality will be achieved for each layer of material inpavement system. Soil beneath the treated layer is a distinct
foundation to the road’s struc- ture, it serves as an important
foundation on which the pavement rest. As the quality of a soil
layer is improved, the ability of that layer to distribute the load
over a greater area is generally increased and the reduction of thepavement’s thickness thus be permitted.
Beneﬁts of soil & base stabilization include: Engineering beneﬁt:- Substantial increase in resilient modulus values (by a factor of 10
or more in many cases)- Very substantial increase in load bearing capacity- Performance and durability of the pavement will be enhanced
Economic beneﬁt:- Fast construction- Flexible construction stages are resilient to constrain monetarybudget- Reduction of road construction cost

In recent years this dilemma faced by many government
departments had been seriously viewed by many experts and muchresearch had been carried out. It was concluded that the normal
design standards are no longer appropriate for such low-volume
roads. Low cost but innovative techniques should be employed to
upgrade and seal such roads at only a fraction of the normal costs
to produce in what is now accepted as Low-Volume Sealed Roads(LVSRs). JKR’s Pavement & Geo-Technical Department published aguideline booklet “DESIGN GUIDE FOR ALTERNATIVE PAVEMENTSTRUCTURES FOR LOW-VOLUME ROADS” in 2012 to facilitate this byadopting soils stabilization technique using stabilizing agent whichis eco-friendly; affordable and durable.

Environmental beneﬁt- Use local materials means less machinery and labors would
be used to cart away unsuitable materials and haul in quality
aggregates for replacement that is costly and involved massive
carbon emission- The use of natural materials which are depleting also being
reduced- Drifting of dust particulate during construction period which has
bad effects to the communities also being reduced

RHAzyme Treated Road System (RTRS) innovated by NBT BASE &PAVE SDN BHD is one of the many new approaches for producing
such Low-volume Sealed Roads that is not only cost effective but
also environmentally sustainable. It is a unique road system thatcombines two important processes namely “Soils or Base Stabilization”- to enhance performance and improve durability of thevarious pavement layers using this special formu- lated stabilizing
agents which comprises by-products from steel making industries

29

Upgrading an unsealed road is a major jump in terms of road
construction and maintenance. However, the beneﬁts of upgrading
comes at an unnecessary high cost, especially if paved withtraditional HMA regardless of its traffc volume and usage. Traffc
volume in the rural are low and consists mostly of light vehicles, theneed to construct high quality sealed pavement using conventional
technique is usually unnecessary and unjustiﬁed. As a result, the useof cementitious stabilizer to treat these non-engineered pavement
materials; to transform this vulnerable pavement layer to acompacted, dense and robust road base. With a little of bituminous
surface dressing work, a low-costs black-top rural road can be duly
used for two to three years before the next Hot-Mixed Asphalt
overlay programme.

Application Of RHAzyme

A stabilized road base can be opened to traffc immediately after theﬁnal compaction is completed.

Rehabilitation Of Fatigued / Failed Roads
In general, RHAzyme can treat almost all kinds of road-basematerials, it can improve CBR to >120% within 24 hours after
treatment, further increase to > 200% after 7 days. Granularmaterials CBR > 80% and sub-grade soils materials to CBR >30%.
(CBR is a penetration test for evaluation of the mechanical strengthof the road-base materials, and thus the load bearing capacity ofthe base is measured. A good quality crushed stone is having a
CBR of > 80%)
Basically, RHAzyme is spread on the surface on the existing materials
which are already part of the con- struction site or pavement with
an application rate of 12 kg to 24 kg per square meter for 300 mm
thickness, depending on the materials and the desired end resultsof the materials. Then mixing with a Stabilizing Machine, to ensure
homogenous mixing of the materials, two to three passes of mixing
is preferably.

Spreading of RHAzyme powder on the surface

This stabilized base can perform as unpaved road temporarily for aperiod of 12 - 18 months in rural areas where allocation is insuffcient
to upgrade entirely to paved road standard. For a top-black surface,a special formulated bituminous emulsions is applied on the treatedmaterials prior to the compaction. This robust road base is ready to
upgrade to asphalt road after it maximum service life span of 18
months when the next alloca- tion is available by overlay with 50
mm of ACWC 14 wearing course.

Mixing with a Stabilizing Machine
Testing should be carried out by an accredited Laboratory to ensure
achievement of the designed CBR value after 24 hours and sample
coring for Unconﬁned Compressive Strength Test in Laboratory after
7 days.

30

Upgrade to full asphalt road after 18 months

BLUESCOPE

Koh Boon HongBY EMELYN LOW, NS BLUESCOPE SDN BHD
Business Overview

NS BlueScope Malaysia Sdn Bhd (NSBM) has established an
outstanding reputation as the leading manufacturer of high quality
metallic coated and pre-painted steel products with more than 40
years of presence in Asia. It is currently the international supplierof steel products and solutions for the building and constructionindustry and serves the local premium market and retail space,catering to high-end buildings which require sustainable, yetattractive exterior cladding materials.
NSBM is a 50/50 joint venture between BlueScope Steel Limited(Australia) and Nippon Steel Corporation (Japan). The company has
five downstream Lysaght sites, three in Malaysia, one in Singapore
and one in Brunei.
Malaysia’s manufacturing plant situated in Kapar started its
operations in 1996 and produces steel for use in roofing & walling
products as well as framing and truss products. NSBM provides steel
materials for industrial, commercial, and residential. Their network
has been built over the years through authorized roll-formers anddealers in both projects and retail segments. The company has atotal workforce of 500 people for both production and operations in
Malaysia, Singapore and Brunei.
Key products for the Malaysian market include Colorbond®,
Zincalume®, and TrueCore® for the highly-demanding requirement
in commercial and industrial buildings; as well as BlueScope Zacs®
for the ubiquitous light commercial small businesses and residential
homes.

32

Country President of
NS BlueScope Malaysia,
Singapore and Brunei.

NSBM is currently helmed by Koh Boon Hong in the capacityof Country President. Koh joined BlueScope in December 2006
and has lead various strategic business units in leadership roles
throughout Malaysia, Singapore, Borneo and Indonesia.
In his current role, he aims to constantly create the most efficienteconomic and customer driven approach supported by thecompany’s best in class business practices, culture and belief
for our coated steel business in the region and engage with our
stakeholders and the communities.
In April 2019, NSBM expanded its manufacturing footprint in
Malaysia through an acquisition of a flat steel producing facility in
Klang. The facility features a push-pull pickling line; a cold rolling mill,a continuous galvanizing line (GI) and a continuous coil painting line
(PPGI). The acquisition will see an increase in production capabilities
and capacity of 250kt of CRC and 180kt GI, thus giving NSBM abigger market share. The facility meets global standards for coatedsteel product manufacturing.
NSBM also aims to upgrade safety standards and practices for its
new facility to match the high safety standards that it observesglobally.
NSBM is a part of BlueScope Steel Limited Australia, one of theworld’s largest manufacturers listed on the Australian Stock
Exchange (ASX: BSL).

IMPORTANCE OF STEEL SCRAP RECYCLINGBY LEON LAI, ECONOMIC RESEARCH & DEVELOPMENT, MSI
Steel is 100% recyclable and is the most recycled material per tonne
globally. Scrap sorting for ferrous metals from nonferrous metals is
far easier and less expensive than sorting different plastic materials
due to the magnetic property of steel. Upon receiving the respective
steel scrap from their various sources, scrap suppliers will categorise
the steel scrap before selling it out to their customers.
Scrap usage rates in steelmaking differ significantly around the world
depending on the production process used in each market and its
domestic scrap availability. In regions that rely heavily on electric arc
furnace (EAF) technology to produce crude steel, scrap’s share of thetotal metallic input can be as high as 85 percent. In Malaysia steel
scrap, 83% is used by EAF, 11% is used by blast furnace (BF) and 6% isused by induction furnace (IF). Some markets have a high EAF share
but low scrap usage because they favour direct reduced iron (DRI)
as the main metallic input. These are typically countries with cheap
access to natural gas.

The US Environmental Protection Agency claimed that recycling
scrap metals are beneficial to the environment. Using recycled scrap
metal in place of virgin iron ore can yield:• 75% savings in energy.
• 90% savings in raw materials used.
• 86% reduction in air pollution.
• 76% reduction in water pollution.
Every ton of new steel made from scrap steel saves:• 1,115 kg of iron ore.
• 625 kg of coal.
• 53 kg of limestone.

There are three main factors affecting the amount of steel scrap
used in steelmaking. Firstly, domestic scrap availability and thesteel demands needed to support construction and manufacturing
influence the choice between EAF and BOF, and thus scrap demand.
Secondly, the quality and volume where typically, a developing
economy invests in infrastructure first, relying on long steel productsthat have lower quality criteria and can be made from scrap. Finally,
capital costs and cash availability factor into steelmakers’ choice
between EAF and BOF.
Three common types of steel scrap are as follows:
1. Home (or return) scrap. This scrap comes from waste generated
during the steelmaking process due to rolling, conditioning,
cutting, and trimming. As such, home scrap’s availability is directly
linked to steel production volumes. Usually, home scrap is fully
and immediately recycled in the mill.
2. Prompt (or industrial) scrap. Generated in the downstream
manufacturing process, prompt scrap rates tend to track finishedsteel consumption. Like home scrap, prompt scrap is mostly fully
recycled. Once collected, it is typically transported back to thesteelmaker within the year.
3. Obsolete (or postconsumer) scrap. This form of scrap is collectedonce products containing steel reach the end of their life. The
historical steel use by various sectors and length of those The US
Environmental Protection Agency claimed that recycling scrap
metals are beneficial to the environment. Using recycled scrap
metal in place of virgin iron ore can yield:
Pile of scrap comprising of heavy melting scrap and premium (light)
scrap.

Scrap Lifecycle
In a high growth economy like Malaysia, recycling of steel scrap
should be promoted due to the fact that it reduces steel waste andit is transformed to produce new steel products without the need tosend the steel waste to landfills or dump sites. Malaysia’s steel scrap
recycling activities will create more job opportunities and support
the iron and steel industry with competitive raw material availability.
The steel scrap industry in Malaysia mainly supplies to steelmakers,
though the scrap recycling industry was initially fragmented andunregulated but over the years it has improved gradually. The
industry players are currently aggressively looking for transformationto achieve international standard through self-regulation andrepresented by Malaysian Metal Recyclers Association (MMRA)
and Malaysia Steel and Metal Distributors’ Association (MSMDA)
in meeting or dialogue with Ministry of International Trade andIndustry (MITI) and Malaysia Steel Institute (MSI).
Reference:
1. Safety and Health in The Steel Industry Worldsteel Position Paper by World Steel
Association
2. The growing importance of steel scrap in China by Mckinsey and Company
3. Operation Safety of Induction Furnace for Steelmaking in Malaysia study Report by MSI

Heavy Melting Scrap

Premium (Light Scrap)

33

LIFE CYCLE ASSESSMENTBY WORLD AUTO STEELLife Cycle Assessment (LCA) (Figure 1) continues to gain traction
as the preferred method for assessing the environmental impacts
of a product, and we are seeing more and more automotive LCA
studies, and claims or conclusions based on LCA, being published.
Here are five things to look for in an automotive LCA study. This is
not an exhaustive list – there are many more things that need tobe considered when conducting an LCA (the international standard
that lays out requirements and guidelines for LCA, ISO 14044,
lists 14). For a detailed look at LCA, I recommend Environmental
Life Cycle Assessment (https://aclca-shop.lcacenter.org/products/
textbook-environmental-lca), an excellent textbook published by
the American Center for Life Cycle Assessment (ACLCA).

34

1.Is the study comparing “apples to apples”?

This can sometimes be a bit of a challenge in an automotive LCA,
as cars are complex products made up of many systems and subsystems, with supply chains that reach around the world. It is easy
to lose sight of apparently subtle differences.
One such difference arises in material comparisons of an existingproduct and one at the design stage. Before making choices about
which material has the lower impact, it is important to decide if thisis a fair comparison. Have both designs been fully optimized? Does
the theoretical design meet all the requirements (e.g. crash, NVH)of an existing design that has gone through all the additional steps
necessary to get to production?
Functional equivalence is another important factor to consider.
For example, it would be inappropriate to compare the “body” ofa vehicle with a body-on-frame design with the “body” of a vehicle
with a unibody design. Though both systems are casually referred
to as the “body”, their functional requirements are very different.
Similarly, when comparing an assembly of stamped parts to a single
casting, it is important to include all the stamped parts that are
required to meet the same functional performance as the cast part

2.Has the best and most appropriate data been used?

As with any assessment tool, data is key, and there are many factorsthat can help determine which is the most appropriate to be used
in a particular study. There are ten of these factors listed in ISO
14044, but I will only talk about three of them here. If you wantmore detail, Guidance on Data Quality Assessment for Life Cycle
Inventory Data, published by USEPA’s National Risk Management
Research Laboratory (https://cfpub.epa.gov/si/si_public_record_
report.cfm?dirEntryId=321834) is a great resource.
Temporal scope – the temporal scope of the data describes when
the data was collected, as well as the time period to which the dataapplies. An often-used rule of thumb is that the data used for the
study should be no more than five years old. The goal is to use either
data that reflects the time period when the product under study
was actually produced or the most recent data that captures thecurrent state of the art (these may of course be the same thing).
Geographical scope – the geographical scope of the data describes
the location to which the data applies. This is critical, as the sameprocess may have a very different impact profile in different locations.
For example, primary aluminium made largely using electricity fromhydropower in Canada will have a much different impact fromprimary aluminium made in China, where the electricity used comesalmost entirely from coal. With automakers increasingly developing
global platforms (i.e. using the same parts all over the world, as often
as possible), it is important to consider how the results of an LCA
might change if a product is produced in a region other than the
one studied. The same is true when considering where a productis used. For example, the differences in electricity generation in
Canada and China will greatly affect the impact of charging anelectric vehicle.
Technological scope – the technological scope of the data describes
the technology to which the data applies. Often the same productcan be made from a variety of production pathways. Much like
production in different regions, production via different pathways
can result in much different impacts. An example of this is primarymagnesium production. Magnesium produced via the Pidgeon
process (a declining, but still-used method) can have a global
warming impact more than 1.5 times higher than magnesium
produced via the electrolytic method.

3.How sensitive are the results to changes in the
choices made?

Because LCA involves choices about things like data and functional
requirements (as well as a host of other parameter choices), it isimportant to understand what happens to the results if different

choices are made or underlying conditions change. Inclusion of asensitivity analysis of this kind allows us to evaluate the results ofan LCA and look for areas that might require further study, perhaps
by looking for more precise data. It could also affect decisions wemight make based on the results. If the results of a study are very
sensitive to the location in which the materials are made, we wantto evaluate this if we are considering making the product in manydifferent places.

4.What is the fundamental approach taken?

ISO 14040, which lays out the principles and framework for LCA,
describes two fundamental approaches to LCA:a) one which assigns elementary flows and potential environmental
impacts to a specific product system typically as an account of
the history of the product, andb) one which studies the environmental consequences of possible(future) changes between alternative product systems.
It is important to consider which approach was used, and what thechosen approach means in terms of interpreting the results.
In a very basic sense, the key lies in the words “history” and “future”.
A study that considers the historical impact of a product (i.e. theimpact of any product that has already been made) tells us about
the impact of thatparticular product, but may be of limited use in making decisions
about what the impact of that same product may be in the future.
Studies of the potential future impact of a product, while necessary
for decision making, are fraught with all the perils of predicting
the future. Both approaches are valuable, and it is important tounderstand which approach was taken in order to make decisions
about how to use the results of the study. The ILCD Handbook:
General guide for Life Cycle Assessment, published by the Joint
Research Center of the European Commission (http://eplca.jrc.
ec.europa.eu/?page_id=86), provides guidance on when to use eachapproach in assessing the technological representativeness of LCI
data.

5.How broadly can I apply the results?

It is often tempting to apply the results of a study more broadly
than is justified. Given all the factors listed above (as well as themany others not included), it is critical that careful consideration be
given when making decisions based on the results of automotive
LCA studies in order to make sure that the scope of the study is inalignment with the scope of the decision. It is clearly inappropriate
to make global decisions based on local studies, or to make future
decisions based solely on past conditions. LCA is a valuable, welldeveloped tool for assessing environmental impacts, but we must
be careful to use it appropriately.

The UCSB Automotive Energy and GHG Model, developed onbehalf of WorldAutoSteel, is a publicly available, peer-reviewed tool
for the assessment of automotive emissions on a life cycle basis.
Version 5 of the UCSB Model can be downloaded for free at www.
worldautosteel.org.
At the UCSB Model download page, you’ll
find a video workshop featuring Russ Balzer
explaining the contents of the Model. A user
guide is also available for download.
Russ Balzer is the LCA Technical Director
at WorldAutoSteel and Phoenix
Group. As Technical Director, Russ
manages a variety of engineering
projects, and has tactical andstrategic responsibilities inWorldAutoSteel’s efforts to
use and promote Life Cycle
Assessment (LCA). Russ recently
achieved LCACP certification
and was recognized for his workin the field of LCA with the
ACLCA’s Rising Star Award.

35

MSI WITH YOU

THE PLATFORM FOR IRON ANDSTEEL INDUSTRY TO BUILDRELATIONSHIP AND NETWORKINGFOR INDUSTRY SUSTAINABILITY

Courtesy Call by Bon Estates Sdn Bhd
On 7 January 2019, a courtesy call by BON Estates
Sdn Bhd to YB Minister Datuk Darell Leiking to
explore the opportunities for local entrepreneurs
and Malaysian exporters to promote theirproducts and services at DC Mall, RAMA 9 in
Bangkok.

Visit to Daihatsu, Perodua Engine Manufacturing Sdn. Bhd.

MSI participated in industry visit led by YBM MITI and Menteri Besar Negeri Sembilan at Daihatsu, Perodua Engine Manufacturing Sdn. Bhd.,
and the engine manufacturer for Perodua and Toyota cars in Malaysia.

Perhimpunan Perdana MITI & Agensi 2019
Perhimpunan Perdana MITI & Agensi 2019 was held on 14 January
2019 at Dewan Perdana, MITI. During ‘Perhimpunan Perdana MITI
& Agensi 2019’, MITI Minister YB Datuk Darell Leiking urged all MITI
and agencies to take up the challenges in this year. He also urged
all MITI and agencies to move forward towards success for thenation.

37

YBTM Working Visit to Penang– Ann Joo Steel Berhad
MSI joined Dr. Ong’s industry visit to
Ann Joo Steel Berhad in Perai, the only
steelmakers in Malaysia applies hybrid
technology i.e. using both blast furnaceand electric arc furnace for iron and steel
making.

Majlis Networking MITI & Agensi bersama Sektor
Swasta Sempena Tahun Baharu Cina
On 11 February 2019, about 1,000 invited guests including
Foreign Embassies in Malaysia, business chambers, public sector
and private companies at the Majlis Networking MITI & Agensi
bersama Sektor Swasta sempena Tahun Baharu Cina 2019.

YBTM Working Visit to Penang – Southern Steel Berhad
MSI joined Dr. Ong’s industry visit to Southern Steel Berhad in Perai with 50 years experiences in steelmaking producing, billet, steel bar,steel wire rod, pipe, prestressed concrete product and mesh. The company is under the Hong Leong Group Malaysia.

38

Farewell to Datuk Isham Ishak, KSU MITI

MSI had a farewell session with Datuk Isham Ishak, the Secretary General of MITI. MSI would like to thanks him for the dynamic leadershipin driving MITI & agencies to move forward. MSI wish him good luck in his future undertaking.

CSC Plant Visit
MSI had a plant visit to CSC Steel Sdn Bhd
on 13 February 2019 with the following
objectives:
 To have better understanding of coldrolling process as MSI will collaborate
with JPK in developing “National
Occupational Skills Standards” NOSS
on Cold Rolling and seek for CSC’s
support in the NOSS activities.
 Discussion on Potential Collaboration
between MSI and CSC in developing
high grade cold rolled products.
The plan visits to pickling, cold rolling, hotdip and colour coating was led by Mr Lew
and Mr Alex. The plan visit took around 1
hour, all the processes are well explained
and answered.

MASTEEL’s Chinese New Year Luncheon
On 14 February 2019, MSI was invited to Masteel’s Chinese New Year Luncheon at Restaurant Hee Lai Ton, PJ. MSI CEO was greet by
Masteel’s Executive Director, Dato’ Sri Tai Hean Leng during the event.

39

Ann Joo Open House in conjunction
with Chinese New Year 2019

Kuwait 58th National Day and 28th Liberation Day

In the joyous and prosperous spirit of the Lunar
New Year, Ann Joo Group cordially invites MSI tojoin in the festivities at their 2019 Chinese New
Year Open House on 15 February 2019 (Friday)
at Wisma Ann Joo. The event was attended byvarious associations and companies.

The Embassy of Kuwait hosted a grand reception to celebrate the country’s 58th
National Day and 28th Liberation Day at JW Marriot Hotel on 25th February 2019.
The two-hour event, hosted by Kuwaiti Ambassador to Malaysia Saad Abdullah
Al Asousi was attended by Housing and Local Government Minister Zuraida
Kamaruddin. Also present were Ambassadors including from the Arab DiplomaticGroup, Russia and Ukraine.

YBM visit to FMHMBA

Y. Bhg. Datuk Darell Leiking Courtesy Visit to FMHMBA today at their office located in Taman Serdang Perdana, Seri Kembangan on 28th
February 2019. YBM was accompanied by Mr Eric Koh, President of FMHMBA and Mr. Jarrod Lim of MSI. Also, Datuk Darell presented the
MSI Life membership plaque to FMHMBA.

40

Perhimpunan Bulanan MITI & Agensi @ MARii

During the MITI & Agencies Monthly Assembly, held in Cyberjaya on 28 February 2019, Minister of International Trade and Industry, Datuk
Darell Leiking launched the MARii Big Data Analytics (BDA) and IoT Showcase, a new feature of the MARii Cyberjaya HQ that showcases thevarious technological possibilities that arise through advances in big data analytics (BDA) and the internet of things (IoT).

FMHMBA CNY Open House 2019

On 1 March 2019, MSI was invited to Federation of Malaysia Hardware, Machinery & Building Materials Dealers’ Association (FMHMBA)
Chinese New Year Open House at Grand Ballroom, Mines 2.

Working Visit to Alliance Steel (M) Sdn Bhd

MSI participated on a working visit to Alliance Steel (M) Sdn Bhd on 5 March 2019 in Kuantan, Pahang together with representatives from
MITI, Ministry of Home Affairs, Customs, and ECER.

41

BIMAGE Consulting Pte Ltd Visit MSI

MSI was visited by BIMAGE Consulting Pte
Ltd today to present the Building Information
Modeling (BMI). Mr Ajith Menon, the MD of
BIMAGE explained that the program is suitablefor organisations from all stages of any AEC
project and at any stages of the project. For
architectures, builders, contractors, consultants,
and from conceptual design to construction
to post construction, which is aligned with theIndustry 4.0 technology advancement.

Construction Beyond 2020
MSI attend opening ceremony Construction Beyond 2020 at
MITEC, organized by CIDB Malaysia. This ceremony launching for
the International Construction Week (ICW) which premier Annual
event for the construction industry in Malaysia and southeast Asia.
The ICW also is a platform for the construction industry players in
Malaysia and around the region to showcase, learn and explore
the latest trends, developments and technologies surrounding theconstruction industry. It is also an event to celebrate and promote
the capability of the construction industry as well as providing
platform for the players network and share experience.

SWAM DINNER MEETINGSWAM hosted an evening
with all SWR manufacturers
and invited MSI to foster
closer working ties andhavingdialogueson
up s t r e a m - d o w n s t r e a mview.
Futureplanofengagement is to haveplant visit to Amsteel, Ann
Joo, Southern Steel andAlliance Steel to understandeach other capabilities andrequirements.

Farewell to Pn Mahani

On 29 March 2019, MSI team wished Pn. Mahani, Headof Internal Audit MITI on her last working day at MITI. We
wished her success and happy in her future endeavour.

42

Courtesy Visit to Dato’ Lokman Hakim Ali, KSU MITI

Visit to SEAISIOn 11 April 2019, MSI meetingwith Ms. Pichsini Tepa-Apirak(Senior Technical Manager)
from South East Asia Iron
and Steel to discuss on Iron
and Steel Statistics

POSCO Courtesy Visit to MSI

POSCO, POSCO DAEWOO and POSCO MALAYSIA led by Mr KyungHan Kim paid a courtesy visit to MSI on 22 April 2019.

On 4 April 2019, MSI had a courtesy visit to new Secretary
General of MITI, Dato’ Lokman Hakim Ali to introduce MSI
as one of the agencies under MITI. MSI CEO, Mr Jarrod Lim
update KSU the current status and way forward of MSI.

MaRii Autoshow“Jom Baca 10 Minit” 2019

MSI was invited to the official launching ceremony of Malaysia
Autoshow 2019 at Malaysia Exposition Park Serdang (MAEPS),
Serdang. Prime Minister of Malaysia, Dr. Mahathir and Datuk Darell
Leiking officiated the Autoshow, organised by Malaysia Automotive,
Robotic and IoT Institute (MARii).

The “Jom Baca 10 Minit” 2019 National Program in conjunction
with World Book and Copyright Day celebrations was coorganized by the Ministry of International Trade & Industry (MITI)
with Malaysian Tourism, Arts & Culture Tour via National Library of
Malaysia. The program was held on Dewan Perdana, MITI on 23
April 2019.

43

Courtesy VISIT from Hanwa Co. LTD

On 26 April 2019, Hanwa Co. LTD, General Representative for Asia
Office visited MSI and have a general outlook discussion on I&S
Malaysia and Hanwa business activities in the region

YBM giving away palm dateOn 15th May 2019, YBM MITI giving away Date Palm (buah kurma)
to all post cabinet members for the Ramadan 2019. The fast is not
simply about denying your body food and water. It also involves
arguably the more taxing challenge of avoiding ill speech,arguments, loss of temper and malicious behavior. The whole
point of the fast is to demonstrate submission to God and keep
the mind focused on a spiritual plane.
Happy Fasting to all Muslims!

Courtesy visit by
NS Bluescope new Country President’s
Mr Koh Boon Hong to MSI

MSI received a courtesy visit by NS Bluescope new Country
President’s, Mr Koh Boon Hong on 14th May 2019. Mr Koh Boon
Hong is the first Malaysian to help NS BlueScope Malaysia as theCountry President effective 1st January 2019. He joined BlueScopein December 2006 and has been in leadership roles throughout
Malaysia, Singapore, and Indonesia across many areas of business.

Discussion with Start Metal Industries

On 15th May 2019, MSI has received a visit from Start Metal
Industries (SMI). SMI is a small and medium enterprise provides
services for steels fabricator lines by using the New Technology:
CNC V CUT, CNC Shearing & CNC Press Brake

44

Metaltech Exhibition 2019
MSI attended 25th International Machine Tools, Metalworking and Automotive Technology Exhibition held at MITEC from 15 - 18 May
2019. The 25th edition of Malaysia’s leading metalworking and machine tools exhibition, METALTECH, along with the 12th edition of theAutomation Technology Exhibition, AUTOMEX is a showcasing the widest spectrum of product showcases, country pavilions and live
demonstrations in our history along with some of the largest purpose-built installations ever seen at Malaysian trade fairs.

Visit to Start Metal Industries

On 28th May 2019, MSI paid a courtesy visit to Start Metal Industries at Kepong adownstream pre- fabrication company of stainless-steel products.

Majlis Networking MITI Dan Agensi
Sempena Ramadhan Tahun 2019

On 28th May 2019, MITI Administration Division
held Majlis Networking MITI Dan Agensi Sempena
Ramadhan Tahun 2019. The ceremony commenced
with sharing of knowledge with invited speakers,
Imam Muda Asyraf at prayer room. The ceremony
was graced by the presentation of donations by YB
Dr. Ong Kian Ming, Deputy Minister of MITI to the
Pertubuhan Kebajikan Anak-Anak Yatim Fakir Miskin
dan Mualaf Baitul Sakinah As-Shariff, Port Klang at
Dewan Perdana.

45

Courtesy Visit from CLOOS Robotic Welding

On 30th May 2019, MSI received a courtesy visit by CLOOS’s Mr Gannason and Mr TS Tan to MSI to share their Robotic Welding Solutions.
CLOOS is a world-class source for heavy-duty, complex welding solutions. Utilizing the latest technologies, including advanced TANDEM
process, specialize in larger, multi-faceted turnkey solutions that reduce cycle time without compromising quality.

Visit to King Hong, Kuching

On 7 June 2019, MSI has a courtesy visit to King Hong Steel Sdn. Bhd., it is current the
only steelmaker in Sarawak. MSI had a discussion meeting with the management ofKing Hong followed by a plant tour.

Handover plaque to Mycron

On 10 June 2019, CEO of MSI, Mr Jarrod Lim
handover the MSI Ordinary membership plaqueto Mycron Steel CRC Sdn Bhd. For the record,
Mycron Steel CRC Sdn Bhd has become MSI
member since 19 December 2018.

Courtesy visit to
Asteel Sdn Bhd at Kuching
On 7 June 2019, MSI visited Asteel Sdn
Bhd at Kuching, a subsidiary of Yung
Kong Co. Berhad. Asteel is a midstream
steel player in Kuching that supply mainly
to construction sector.

46

Melewar 50th Anniversary Dinner

On 12 June 2019, MSI attended the Melewar Steel Tube 50th Anniversary Dinner at the Majestic Hotel, Kuala Lumpur.

Alliance Steel’s Opening Ceremony

MSI attended Alliance Steel’s Opening Ceremony at Kawasan Industri Malaysia-China Kuantan (MCKIP) on 15 June 2019. The event was
officiated by Deputy Minister of Ministry of International Trade and Industry, YB Dr. Ong Kian Ming.

47

Handover plaque to Alliance SteelYBM OfficeOpen House Tahun 2019
On 27 June 2019,
YB Minister’s Officehas organized an
open house forHari Raya 2019. All
head of agencies
and staff wereinvited to the open
house.

Yayasan Jasa Ann Joo

On 15 June 2019, MSI handover the MSI Life Membershipplaque to Alliance Steel Sdn Bhd. Alliance Steel Sdn Bhd has
become MSI member since on 14 May 2019.

Majlis Networking MITI dan Agensi bersama Sektor
Swasta Sempena Sambutan Hari Raya Tahun 2019

On 24 June 2019, MITI organise Majlis Networking MITI dan Agensi
Bersama Sektor Swasta Sempena Hari Raya Tahun 2019. The
ceremony commenced with speech by YB Datuk Darell Leiking,Minister of MITI, followed by lunch and entertainment performaces
by MITI & Agencies.

48

On 27 June 2019, MSI was invited to the Yayasan Jasa Ann Joo
to celebrate their 1+ years since its registration in April 2018. The
establishment of Yayasan Jasa Ann Joo is a milestone for Ann Joo
Resources Bhd as it aims to contribute and give back to the society
through awarding scholarships to students, sponsoring training
equipment and daily breakfast to school.

MSI BRIDGING GAPSMSI’S EFFORT OF PROMOTING
THE LOCAL IRON AND STEELPRODUCTSMITI Brainstorming 2019 @ Institut Latihan Statistik
Malaysia at Sungkai, PerakOn 12 June 2019, MSI attended the Melewar Steel Tube 50th
Anniversary Dinner at the Majestic Hotel, Kuala Lumpur.

EMO Hannover 2019 Press Get-Together
MSI represented by Mr. Leon Lai was invited as guest speaker
for the Get Together Press Conference of EMO Hannover
Metalworking Exhibition at The Majestic Hotel, Kuala Lumpur.
The Press Gathering was attended by industry players inmachinery tools, German companies and institutions and etc.

Eastern Steel Sdn Bhd (ESSB)
presentation to KSU

On 17 January 2019, Eastern Steel Sdn Bhd(ESSB) had a courtesy visit to MITI KSU,
Datuk Isham Ishak to update their factorystatus. ESSB is located in Teluk Kalong,
Kemaman, Terengganu. Its principal
business activities are manufacturing,
selling and dealing in a range of flat steel
products (slab & plate) including steel
pipes, structural steel, automotive parts,
electrical and electronics parts, andhome/furniture products and etc.

49Visit to BISW Thailand
Visit to Bangkok Iron & Steel Work (BISW) to understand thecurrent I&S market condition in Thailand, the importance ofdiversity and implementing new products development ie
special steel.

Workshop on White Paper for Iron & Steel Industry

A series of workshops on White Paper for Iron and Steel Industry
has been held separately for different cluster to discuss in detail theway forward of Iron & Steel Industry. Throughout January 2019, 5
workshops have been held to cater different cluster as follows:
1) Scrap Metal (3 January 2019)2) Steel Wire Rod, Wire Mesh, Wires, Bolts & Nuts/Nails, etc.
(15 January 2019)3) Tubes and Pipes (24 January 2019)4) Flat Products (25 January 2019)5) Steel reinforcing bar, cold drawn bar, other bars and rods, sections,etc. (31 January 2019)

Tubes & Pipes (24 January 2019)

Scrap Metal (3 January 2019)

Flat Products (25 January 2019)

Steel Wires (15 January 2019)

Steel reinforcing bar, cold drawn bar, other bars and rods,
sections, etc. (31 January 2019)50

White Paper Workshop– Mining, Pellets, HBI, DRI, Pig Iron

On 11 February 2019, the last White Paper Workshop titled
Mining, Pellets, HBI, DRI, Pig Iron was held at Menara MITI, KL. The
Workshop was represented by Malaysia Iron and Steel Industry
Federation (MISIF), Malaysia Steel Association (MSA) and Persatuan
Pengusaha Mineral Negeri Pahang (PPMNP).

In-Country Capacity Building Workshop on
Declaration of Origin for ASEAN-Australian/New
Zealand FTA (AANZFTA)On 18 February 2019, In-Country Capacity Building Workshop
on Declaration of Origin for ASEAN-Australian/New Zealand FTA(AANZFTA) was held to create awareness and understanding on
concept on Declaration of Origin for AANZFTA. This workshop
will be conducted in other ASEAN countries on concept on
Declaration of Origin (DoO). Following these workshops - allParties under AANZFTA (12 countries) will start discussions on thepossibility of conducting a DoO pilot project. The pilot program
may have only those countries interested in participating - whichmeans not necessarily all countries must participate. A decision
will then be taken whether DoO is going to implemented to only
this interested or not all.

JKR Sabah, UNIMEKAR & Sabah SteelMSI performed a courtesy visit to Unimekar Sdn. Bhd. and Steel Industries (Sabah) Sdn. Bhd. located in Kota Kinabalu on 20 and 21 February
2019. Among the issues discussed including the local steel consumption in the state, current challenges, and the way forward for the twocompanies.

Unimekar Sdn Bhd (20 February 2019)

Steel Industries (Sabah) Sdn Bhd (21 February 2019)51

Environmental Impact Assessment
for Eastern Steel Sdn Bhd

MSI participated in TOR (Environmental Impact
Assessment) discussion for Eastern Steel Sdn
Bhd’s new proposed developments on 19 March
2019 at Jabatan Alam Sekitar, Putrajaya.

Meeting with MSMDA

On 18 March 2019, MSI has a meeting with MSMDA
Chairman to discuss training program 2019 for MSMDA
members.

Iron & Steel White Paper Meeting

On 5 April 2019, MSI completed the Iron & Steelwhite paper preparation with the industry which
comprises of 11 association. It also involves MITI,MIDA and Marii. The paper will be delivered to KSU
on coming TC-MSC meeting next Tuesday. The
preparation took almost 5.5 months to complete.

52

Seminar Talk: Product Certification
And Testing On Steel Products

MSI attended Seminar Talk Product
Certification and testing on Steel Products
at Geno Hotel, Shah Alam organised by
CIDB Malaysia. This seminar is for promoting
Perakuan Pematuhan Standard (PPS) toiron and Steel industry

NOSS Development Training

On 22 – 26 April 2019, MSI attended NOSS Development
Training at i-City Hotel, Shah Alam. This training is:i. to guide course participants in the process of developing
NOSS documents; andii. early preparation for producing NOSS development
facilitators

Business Matching Dinner with SWAM

MSI attended business matching dinner with SWAM
organised by Lion Group on 30 April 2019. The
objective of the meeting is to close the supply anddemand gaps between upstream and downstream.

Promoting Virtual Design Construction Concept with
CIDB e-Construct Sdn Bhd
On the 6th May 2019, MSI arrange a Bridging gap session for VDC
Integrated Tech Sdn Bhd with CIDB e-Construct Services Sdn Bhd.
Virtual Design and Construction (VDC) is an integrated approachthat combines Building Information Modelling (BIM) and advanced
management methods to improve productivity in Design andConstruction of Building and Infrastructure. Specifically, it has been
proven to increase profitability, improve reliability and predictability
before project execution and enhance project efficiency to higher level.

53

Promoting Virtual Design
Construction Concept with MBAM

On 7th May 2019, MSI arrange a 2nd Bridging gap
session for VDC Integrated Tech Sdn Bhd with Master
Builder – MBAM.
VDC Integrated Tech Sdn Bhd share the difference
between BIM and Virtual Design Construction concept,
a Digital Transformation, an integrating and digitalising
the construction value chain to MBAM members.

Dialogue Session with Industry Players on Construction
and Building Materials Sector

MSI attended Dialogue Session with Industry Players on Construction
and Building Materials Sector at MATRADE on 27th May 2019. The
objective of the dialogue is to collate relevant inputs on issues andchallenges faced by industry players in the construction and building
materials as well as to gather views and feedback from the industry
players on ways to drive the country’s exports forward.

SEAISI 2019 Conference &Exhibition

With the theme, Sustainable
Development of ASEAN Steel Value
Chain, SEAISI 2019 Conference& Exhibition was held on 17 – 20
June 2019 at Bangkok, Thailand.
This annual conference provides apremium networking platform forface-to-face discussion with morethan 500 key industry players fromASEAN and around the world who
represent the entire iron and steel
supply chain.

TVET Conference meeting

On 19 June 2019, MSI attended the TVET conference meeting at
Jabatan Pembangunan Kemahiran (JPK), Cyberjaya. The meeting isa preparation for the TVET Conference tentatively on 7-9 July 2019
which contains a dialogue with Prime Minister with the scope:“Human resource development to enhance future skills”

54

MSI TRUMSI’S PROGRAM OF DEVELOPINGHUMAN CAPITAL FOR THE IRON &STEEL INDUSTRY

Facebook Training

On 27 June 2019, MSI participated in Facebook Training for Ministries andGovernment Agencies hosted by Facebook Malaysia. Two sessions were covered
during the training was Organic Content and paid Advertisement.

55

Name
Designation
Email
Company
Address

WebsiteTelephone
Advertisement
Types
Issue
Total payment: _______________________________: _______________________________: _______________________________: _______________________________: ____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________: _______________________________: ____________ Fax : ____________: Newsletter / Website

SINGLE PAGE AD
PAGE DIMENSION
Full page type area
Half page JuneYear: December: _______________________________•••

NEWSLETTERISSUE

MEMBER
PRICE (RM)

NON-MEMBER
PRICE (RM) June December

2000

2200

2000

2200

Total 2 insertion with 10% discount

3600

3960

 June December

4000

4400

4000

4400

Total 2 insertion with 10% discount

7200

7920

 June December

5000

5500

5000

5500

Total 2 insertion with 10% discount

9000

9900

 June December

5000

5500

5000

5500

Total 2 insertion with 10% discount

9000

9900

 June December

7000

7700

7000

7700

Total 2 insertion with 10% discount

12600

13860

 1 month

200

250

 1 year

2000

2400

 Full-page Inside Front
Cover Inside Back
Cover

 Outside Back
Cover

250mm (H) x 190mm (W)
125mm (H) x 190 mm (W)Requirements for Submission of Advertisements

Please tick (√) where applicable Half-page

ADVERTISEMENT SPECIFICATIONS&GUIDELINES

Document at 100% of printed size
High-res PDF or JPEG ﬁle preferred
Illustrator also acceptable

Why advertise with us?
MSI is non-proﬁt organizations – any contribution will
be channelled back to the industry to promote &develop the competitiveness, resilience andsustainability of the Malaysian iron and steel industry
We help to publicise your business to the iron and steel
industry’s stakeholders
We provide extensive distribution channels; i.e. most
government oﬃces and agencies
We help to increase traﬃc to your website to improve
lead generation

Payment Method

Bank Draft / Cheque
Payee: MALAYSIA STEEL INSTITUTE
Telegraphic Transfer made to:
MALAYSIA STEEL INSTITUTE
Maybank A/C No: 5142 0860 8871
Kepong, Selangor Darul Ehsan, MALAYSIASWIFTCODE: MBBEMYKLKEPWEBSITE

For advertisement enquiries, please contact:
Ms. Noor Syakirah Ibrahim
T: 03 6208 4657 F: 6211 2445 E: syakirah@malaysiasteelinstitute.com

56

Estimatedreadership for2017 & 2018at 10,000

List of Events &Activities 20191.

4th Steel Scrap, Billet & DRI Trade Summit

2.

18th International Stainless & Special Steel Summit

Date: 27-29 August 2019
Venue: Bangkok, Thailand
Contact: amit.hablani@steelmint.com

Date: 17 - 19 September 2019
Venue: Seville, Spain
Contact: marketing@metalbulletin.com

3.

International Aluminium 2019
Date: 23 - 25 September 2019
Venue: Athens, GreeceContact: marketing@metalbulletin.com

4.

4th SE Asia Steel Conference
Date: 10 - 11 October 2019
Venue: Bangkok, Thailand
Contact: events@metalexpert.com

5.

2019 Trade Forum on the Malaysian
Iron and Steel Industry

Date: 24 October 2019
Venue: Sunway Resort Hotel & Spa, Petaling Jaya, Selangor
Contact: norlian@misif.org.my

6.

Middle East Iron & Steel 2019
Date: 9 - 11 December 2019
Venue: Grand Hyatt Dubai, United Arab Emirates
Contact: janelle.vandeventer@euromoneyplc.com