CFC-12(R12)313

2.34 CFC-12(R12)
All equations for CFC-12(R12) are based on the Table from Japanese Association of Refrigeration [1].

2.34.1 Temperature Scale
International practical temperature scale 1968 (IPTS-1968)

2.34.2 The Names of Substance, Library File and Single Shot Program
Name of Substance:
Library File for UNIX:
Library File for DOS,Windows95/NT:
Single Shot Program for UNIX:
Single Shot Program for DOS,Windows95/NT:

CFC-12, R12, Refrigerant 12, Freon 12,
Dichlorodiﬂuoromethane
libjr12.a
JR12.LIB
r12-ssR12–SS.EXE

2.34.3 Important Constants and Others
Molecular Formula:
Relative Molecular Mass:
Gas Constant:CC2 F2
120.9138
68.7625 J/(kg·K)

Critical Constants:
Critical Pressure:
Critical Temperature:
Critical Speciﬁc Volume:

4.125×10 6Pa (41.25 bar)
384.95 K (111.80 ◦C)
1.7921×10 −3m3 /kg

Reference State:
At 0◦ C, 1.0000 kcal(thermochemical)/(kg·K), i.e. 4184.0 J/(kg·K) and 100.00 kcal(thermochemical)/kg, i.e. 0.4184
×106 J/kg are assigned to the speciﬁc entropy and the speciﬁc enthalpy, respectively.

2.34.4 Formula
Equation of State:
Equation (II·2·1) in a function form of Z = Z(ρ, T ) in reference [1]. Here Z=compressibility, ρ=density andT = temperature. However the temperature scale IPTS-1948 used in the reference has been replaced with termsof IPTS-1968.
Vapor Pressure:
Equation (II·2·3) in reference [1].
Properties at Vapor-Liquid Equilibrium:saturated liquid: Equations (II·2·3), (II·2·9), (II·2·15) and (II·2·17) for speciﬁc volume, speciﬁc enthalpy, speciﬁc
entropy and isobaric speciﬁc heat, respectively. However the factor −2.1953 ×10−6 in the 3rd term in right handside of (II·2·17) has been corrected as −2.1593×10 −6.
saturated vapor: Equations (II·2·16) and (II·2·1) for speciﬁc volume, (II·2·16) and (II·2·6) for speciﬁc enthalpy,
and (II·2·16) and (II·2·12) for speciﬁc volume. Equations (II·2·16) and (II·2·21) for isobaric speciﬁc heat. Equations (II·2·16) and (II·2·26) for isochoric speciﬁc heat.
All of these equations have been cited from reference [1].
Transport Properties:
Equations (II·3·8) and (II·3·1) in reference [1] for thermal conductivity and dynamic viscosity of saturated
liquid, respectively. However the right hand side of (II·3·1) has been corrected as

314

P-PROPATH: Pure Substances and Mixtures with Fixed Composition
21.08203 − 2.450974 × 104 /T + 9.430266 × 106 /T 2 − 1.549714 × 109 /T 3 + 9.433612 × 1010 /T 4

Equations (II.3.10) and (II.3.3) in reference [1] for thermal conductivity of vapor at the atmospheric pressureand dynamic viscosity of the superheated vapor, respectively.
The Other Properties:
Equation (II·2·37) in reference [1] for surface tension.

References[1] Japanese Association of Refrigeration, Thermophysical Properties of Refrigerants (R12, Dichlorodiﬂuoromethane), (1981).

CFC-12(R12)315
Table II–2.34–1

No.
1
94
8A
8B
82

Name of
Function
AIPPT(P,T)
AJTPT(P,T)
AKPD(P)AKPDD(P)AKPT(P,T)

CFC-12 (R12) Function

Function and Argument(s)AKPT: Isentropic Exponent [–]P∗: Pressure [Pa], [bar]T∗: Temperature [K], [◦ C]

Range of Argument(s)2.0×103 ≤P≤8.0×106 [Pa]183.15≤T≤473.15 [K]
0.02≤P≤80 [bar]−90≤T≤200 [◦C]
see Fig.II-2.34-1

8C
8D
2

AKTD(T)
AKTDD(T)
ALAPP(P)3

ALAPT(T)4

ALHP(P)

5

ALHT(T)

6

ALMPD(P)78

ALMPDD(P)
ALMPT(P,T)

9

ALMTD(T)10
11

ALMTDD(T)
AMUPD(P)12
13

AMUPDD(P)AMUPT(P,T)

14

AMUTD(T)

15
92
90
91
93

AMUTDD(T)BPPT(P,T)
BSPT(P,T)
BTPT(P,T)
BVPT(P,T)

ALAPP: Laplace Coeﬃcient [m]P∗: Pressure [Pa], [bar]
ALAPT: Laplace Coeﬃcient [m]T∗: Temperature [K], [◦ C]
ALHP: Latent Heat of Vaporization [J/kg]
P∗: Pressure [Pa], [bar]ALHT: Latent Heat of Vaporization [J/kg]
T∗: Temperature [K], [◦ C]
ALMPD: Thermal Conductivity of Saturated
Liquid [W/(m·K)]
P∗: Pressure [Pa], [bar]22.59×103 ≤P≤4.02×106 [Pa]0.2259≤P≤40.2 [bar]213.15≤T≤383.15 [K]−60≤T≤110 [◦C]
1.2×103 ≤P≤4.02×106 [Pa]0.012≤P≤40.2 [bar]173.15≤T≤383.15 [K]−100≤T≤110 [◦ C]
PST(173.15K)≤P≤PST(333.15K) [Pa](∼1.17×103 )(∼1.52×106 )◦PST(−100 C)≤P≤PST(60◦ C) [bar](∼0.0117)(∼15.2)

ALMPT: Thermal Conductivity at Ordinary
Pressure [W/(m·K)]
P∗: Pressure [Pa], [bar]T∗: Temperature [K], [◦ C]
ALMTD: Thermal Conductivity of Saturated
Liquid [W/(m·K)]
T∗: Temperature [K], [◦ C]

P=Dummy253.15≤T≤363.15 [K]−20≤T≤90 [◦C]

AMUPD: Coeﬃcient of Viscosity of Saturated
Liquid [Pa·s]
P∗: Pressure [Pa], [bar]PST(203.15K)≤P≤PST(311.15K) [Pa](∼12.2×103 )(∼0.913×106 )◦PST(−70 C)≤P≤PST(38◦ C) [bar](∼0.122)(∼9.13)

AMUPT: Coeﬃcient of Viscosity [Pa·s]
P∗: Pressure [Pa], [bar]T∗: Temperature [K], [◦ C]

100×103 ≤P≤4.0×106 [Pa]298.15≤T≤398.15 [K]

AMUTD: Coeﬃcient of Viscosity of Saturated
Liquid [Pa·s]
T∗: Temperature [K], [◦ C]

173.15≤T≤333.15 [K]−100≤T≤60 [◦C]

1.0≤P≤40 [bar]25≤T≤125 [◦ C]
203.15≤T≤311.15 [K]−70≤T≤38 [◦C]

316

P-PROPATH: Pure Substances and Mixtures with Fixed Composition
Table II–2.34–1

No.

CFC-12 (R12) Function (cont’d)

16Name of
Function
CPPD(P)

17

CPPDD(P)CPPDD: Isobaric Speciﬁc Heat of Saturated
Vapor [J/(kg·K)]
P∗: Pressure [Pa], [bar]18

CPPT(P,T)

CPPT: Isobaric Speciﬁc Heat [J/(kg·K)]
P∗: Pressure [Pa], [bar]T∗: Temperature [K], [◦C]

19

CPTD(T)

20

CPTDD(T)21

CRP(‘A’)

7A
76

CVPD(P)
CVPDD(P)77

CVPT(P,T)

Function and Argument(s)CPPD: Isobaric Speciﬁc Heat of Saturated
Liquid [J/(kg·K)]
P∗: Pressure [Pa], [bar]CPTD: Isobaric Speciﬁc Heat of Saturated
Liquid [J/(kg·K)]
T∗: Temperature [K], [◦C]
CPTDD: Isobaric Speciﬁc Heat of Saturated
Vapor [J/(kg·K)]
T∗: Temperature [K], [◦C]
CRP: Critical Constants
H: ‘A’=‘H’: 0.56681×106 [J/kg] Speciﬁc EnthalpyP∗: ‘A’=‘P’: 4.125×106 [Pa], 41.25 [bar] Pressure
S: ‘A’=‘S’: 4.6140×103 [J/(kg·K)] Speciﬁc EntropyT∗: ‘A’=‘T’: 384.95 [K], 111.80 [◦C] Temperature
V: ‘A’=‘V’: 1.7921×10−3 [m3 /kg] Speciﬁc Volume
CVPDD: Isochoric Speciﬁc Heat of Saturated
Vapor [J/(kg·K)]
P∗: Pressure [Pa], [bar]CVPT: Isochoric Speciﬁc Heat [J/(kg·K)]
P∗: Pressure [Pa], [bar]T∗: Temperature [K], [◦C]

Range of Argument(s)PST(173.15K)≤P≤PST(363.15K) [Pa](∼1.17×103 )(∼2.77×106 )◦PST(−100 C)≤P≤PST(90◦ C) [bar](∼0.0117)(∼27.7)
PST(173.15K)≤P≤PST(363.15K) [Pa](∼1.17×103 )(∼2.77×106 )◦PST(−100 C)≤P≤PST(90◦ C) [bar](∼0.0117)(∼27.7)2.0×103 ≤P≤8.0×106 [Pa]183.15≤T≤473.15 [K]
0.02≤P≤80 [bar]−90≤T≤200 [◦ C]
see Fig.II-2.34-1
173.15≤T≤363.15 [K]−100≤T≤90 [◦ C]
173.15≤T≤363.15 [K]−100≤T≤90 [◦ C]
one of ‘H’, ‘P’, ‘S’, ‘T’ and ‘V’

PST(173.15K)≤P≤PST(363.15K) [Pa](∼1.17×103 )(∼2.77×106 )PST(−100◦ C)≤P≤PST(90◦ C) [bar](∼0.0117)(∼27.7)2.0×103 ≤P≤8.0×106 [Pa]183.15≤T≤473.15 [K]
0.02≤P≤80 [bar]−90≤T≤200 [◦ C]
see Fig.II-2.34-1

7B
78

CVTD(T)
CVTDD(T)

2A
2B
22
2C
2D
89

EPSPD(P)EPSPDD(P)EPSPT(P,T)
EPSTD(T)EPSTDD(T)FC(‘A’)

9A
96
95
9B
97
23

GAMPD(P)GAMPDD(P)GAMPT(P,T)
GAMTD(T)GAMTDD(T)HPD(P)CVTDD: Isochoric Speciﬁc Heat of Saturated
Vapor [J/(kg·K)]
T∗: Temperature [K], [◦C]

173.15≤T≤363.15 [K]−100≤T≤90 [◦ C]

FC: Fundamental Constants
M: ‘A’=‘M’: 120.9138 Relative Molecular Mass
R: ‘A’=‘R’: 68.7625 [J/(kg·K)] Gas Constant

one of ‘M’ and ‘R’

HPD: Speciﬁc Enthalpy of Saturated Liquid[J/kg]P∗: Pressure [Pa], [bar]1.2×103 ≤P≤4.02×106 [Pa]0.012≤P≤40.2 [bar]CFC-12(R12)317
Table II–2.34–1

No.
24

Name of
Function
HPDD(P)71

HPS(P,S)

25

HPT(P,T)

26

HPX(P,X)

27

HTD(T)28

HTDD(T)

29

HTX(T,X)

84

IDENTF(‘A’)

66
68
85
86
81

PLDT(T)
PMLT(T)
PRPD(P)PRPDD(P)
PRPT(P,T)

87
88
99
30

PRTD(T)
PRTDD(T)PSBT(T)
PST(T)72
73
31

PSTD(T)
PSTDD(T)SIGP(P)

32

SIGT(T)

33

SPD(P)34

SPDD(P)

CFC-12 (R12) Function (cont’d)

Function and Argument(s)HPDD: Speciﬁc Enthalpy of Saturated Vapor[J/kg]P∗: Pressure [Pa], [bar]HPS: Speciﬁc Enthalpy [J/kg]
P∗: Pressure [Pa], [bar]S: Speciﬁc Entropy [J/(kg·K)]
HPT: Speciﬁc Enthalpy [J/kg]
P∗: Pressure [Pa], [bar]T∗: Temperature [K], [◦C]

HPX: Speciﬁc Enthalpy of Mixture [J/kg]
P∗: Pressure [Pa], [bar]
X: Dryness Fraction [–]HTD: Speciﬁc Enthalpy of Saturated Liquid[J/kg]T∗: Temperature [K], [◦C]HTDD: Speciﬁc Enthalpy of Saturated Vapor[J/kg]T∗: Temperature [K], [◦C]
HTX: Speciﬁc Enthalpy of Mixture [J/kg]
T∗: Temperature [K], [◦C]
X: Dryness Fraction [–]IDENTF: CHARACTER TYPE FUNCTION
for Package Identiﬁcation (Length 20)
C: ‘A’=‘C’: ‘CCL2F2’ Molecular Formula
S: ‘A’=‘S’: ‘CFC-12(R12)’ Name of Substance
V: ‘A’=‘V’: ‘10.1’ Version Number

Range of Argument(s)1.2×103 ≤P≤4.02×106 [Pa]0.012≤P≤40.2 [bar]1.2×103 ≤P≤8.0×106 [Pa]0.012≤P≤80 [bar]see Fig.II-2.34-3 for S
2.0×103 ≤P≤8.0×106 [Pa]183.15≤T≤473.15 [K]
0.02≤P≤80 [bar]−90≤T≤200 [◦C]
see Fig.II-2.34-1
1.2×103 ≤P≤4.02×106 [Pa]0.012≤P≤40.2 [bar]0≤X≤1.0 [–]173.15≤T≤383.15 [K]−100≤T≤110 [◦C]
173.15≤T≤383.15 [K]−100≤T≤110 [◦C]
173.15≤T≤383.15 [K]−100≤T≤110 [◦C]
0≤X≤1.0 [–]one of ‘C’, ‘S’ and ‘V’

PRPT: Prandtl Number at Ordinary
Pressure [–]P∗: Pressure [Pa], [bar]T∗: Temperature [K], [◦C]

P=Dummy253.15≤T≤363.15 [K]−20≤T≤90 [◦ C]

PST∗: Saturation Pressure [Pa], [bar]T∗: Temperature [K], [◦C]

173.15≤T≤384.95 [K]−100≤T≤111.8 [◦C]

SIGP: Surface Tension [N/m]P∗: Pressure [Pa], [bar]PST(213.15K)≤P≤4.125×106 [Pa](∼22.59×103 )PST(−60◦ C)≤P≤41.25 [bar](∼0.2259)
213.15≤T≤384.95 [K]−60≤T≤111.8 [◦ C]
1.2×103 ≤P≤4.02×106 [Pa]0.012≤P≤40.2 [bar]

SIGT: Surface Tension [N/m]T∗: Temperature [K], [◦C]
SPD: Speciﬁc Entropy of Saturated Liquid[J/(kg·K)]
P∗: Pressure [Pa], [bar]SPDD: Speciﬁc Entropy of Saturated Vapor[J/(kg·K)]
P∗: Pressure [Pa], [bar]1.2×103 ≤P≤4.02×106 [Pa]0.012≤P≤40.2 [bar]318

P-PROPATH: Pure Substances and Mixtures with Fixed Composition
Table II–2.34–1

No.
35

Name of
Function
SPT(P,T)36

SPX(P,X)

37

STD(T)38

STDD(T)

39

STX(T,X)

67
69
64

TLDP(P)
TMLP(P)
TPH(P,H)

65

TPS(P,S)

98
70

TPSEUP(P)TPV(P,V)

CFC-12 (R12) Function (cont’d)

Function and Argument(s)SPT: Speciﬁc Entropy [J/(kg·K)]
P∗: Pressure [Pa], [bar]T∗: Temperature [K], [◦ C]

SPX: Speciﬁc Entropy of Mixture [J/(kg·K)]
P∗: Pressure [Pa], [bar]
X: Dryness Fraction [–]STD: Speciﬁc Entropy of Saturated Liquid[J/(kg·K)]
T∗: Temperature [K], [◦ C]
STDD: Speciﬁc Entropy of Saturated Vapor[J/(kg·K)]
T∗: Temperature [K], [◦ C]
STX: Speciﬁc Entropy of Mixture [J/(kg·K)]
T∗: Temperature [K], [◦ C]
X: Dryness Fraction [–]Range of Argument(s)2.0×103 ≤P≤8.0×106 [Pa]183.15≤T≤473.15 [K]
0.02≤P≤80 [bar]−90≤T≤200 [◦ C]
see Fig.II-2.34-1
1.2×103 ≤P≤4.02×106 [Pa]0.012≤P≤40.2 [bar]0≤X≤1.0 [–]173.15≤T≤383.15 [K]−100≤T≤110 [◦C]
173.15≤T≤383.15 [K]−100≤T≤110 [◦C]
173.15≤T≤383.15 [K]−100≤T≤110 [◦C]
0≤X≤1.0 [–]TPH∗: Temperature [K], [◦ C]
P∗: Pressure [Pa], [bar]H: Speciﬁc Enthalpy [J/kg]
TPS∗: Temperature [K], [◦C]P∗: Pressure [Pa], [bar]S: Speciﬁc Entropy [J/(kg·K)]

1.2×103 ≤P≤8.0×106 [Pa]0.012≤P≤80 [bar]see Fig.II-2.34-2 for H
1.2×103 ≤P≤8.0×106 [Pa]0.012≤P≤80 [bar]see Fig.II-2.34-3 for S

TPV∗: Temperature [K], [◦ C]
P∗: Pressure [Pa], [bar]V: Speciﬁc Volume [m3 /kg]

1.2×103 ≤P≤4.125×106 [Pa]VPD(P)≤V≤
VPT(P,473.15K) [m3 /kg]
4.125×106 <P≤8.0×106 [Pa]0.0017921≤V≤
VPT(P,473.15K) [m3 /kg]
0.012≤P≤41.25 [bar]VPD(P)≤V≤
VPT(P,200◦ C) [m3 /kg]
41.25<P≤80 [bar]0.0017921≤V≤
VPT(P,200◦ C) [m3 /kg]

41
100
40

TRPL(‘A’)
TSBP(P)
TSP(P)

74
75
42

TSPD(P)TSPDD(P)UPD(P)43

UPDD(P)

TSP∗: Saturation Temperature [K], [◦C]P∗: Pressure [Pa], [bar]1.2×103 ≤P≤4.125×106 [Pa]0.012≤P≤41.25 [bar]UPD: Speciﬁc Internal Energy of Saturated
Liquid [J/kg]
P∗: Pressure [Pa], [bar]UPDD: Speciﬁc Internal Energy of Saturated
Vapor [J/kg]
P∗: Pressure [Pa], [bar]1.2×103 ≤P≤4.02×106 [Pa]0.012≤P≤40.2 [bar]1.2×103 ≤P≤4.02×106 [Pa]0.012≤P≤40.2 [bar]CFC-12(R12)319
Table II–2.34–1

No.
79

Name of
Function
UPS(P,S)

44

UPT(P,T)45

UPX(P,X)

46

UTD(T)

47

UTDD(T)

48

UTX(T,X)

49

VPD(P)50

VPDD(P)80

VPS(P,S)

51

VPT(P,T)52

VPX(P,X)

53

VTD(T)54

VTDD(T)

55

VTX(T,X)

8E
8F
83

WPD(P)WPDD(P)
WPT(P,T)

CFC-12 (R12) Function (cont’d)

Function and Argument(s)UPS: Speciﬁc Internal Energy [J/kg]
P∗: Pressure [Pa], [bar]S: Speciﬁc Entropy [J/(kg·K)]
UPT: Speciﬁc Internal Energy [J/kg]
P∗: Pressure [Pa], [bar]T∗: Temperature [K], [◦ C]

UPX: Speciﬁc Internal Energy of Mixture [J/kg]
P∗: Pressure [Pa], [bar]
X: Dryness Fraction [–]UTD: Speciﬁc Internal Energy of Saturated
Liquid [J/kg]
T∗: Temperature [K], [◦ C]
UTDD: Speciﬁc Internal Energy of Saturated
Vapor [J/kg]
T∗: Temperature [K], [◦ C]
UTX: Speciﬁc Internal Energy of Mixture [J/kg]
T∗: Temperature [K], [◦ C]
X: Dryness Fraction [–]VPD: Speciﬁc Volume of Saturated Liquid [m3 /kg]P∗: Pressure [Pa], [bar]VPDD: Speciﬁc Volume of Saturated Vapor [m3 /kg]P∗: Pressure [Pa], [bar]VPS: Speciﬁc Volume [m3 /kg]P∗: Pressure [Pa], [bar]S: Speciﬁc Entropy [J/(kg·K)]
VPT: Speciﬁc Volume [m3 /kg]P∗: Pressure [Pa], [bar]T∗: Temperature [K], [◦ C]

VPX: Speciﬁc Volume of Mixture [m3 /kg]P∗: Pressure [Pa], [bar]
X: Dryness Fraction [–]VTD: Speciﬁc Volume of Saturated Liquid [m3 /kg]
T∗: Temperature [K], [◦ C]
VTDD: Speciﬁc Volume of Saturated Vapor [m3 /kg]
T∗: Temperature [K], [◦ C]
VTX: Speciﬁc Volume of Mixture [m3 /kg]
T∗: Temperature [K], [◦ C]
X: Dryness Fraction [–]WPT: Velocity of Sound [m/s]P∗: Pressure [Pa], [bar]T∗: Temperature [K], [◦ C]

Range of Argument(s)1.2×103 ≤P≤8.0×106 [Pa]0.012≤P≤80 [bar]see Fig.II-2.34-3 for S
2.0×103 ≤P≤8.0×106 [Pa]183.15≤T≤473.15 [K]
0.02≤P≤80 [bar]−90≤T≤200 [◦ C]
see Fig.II-2.34-1
1.2×103 ≤P≤4.02×106 [Pa]0.012≤P≤40.2 [bar]0≤X≤1.0 [–]173.15≤T≤383.15 [K]−100≤T≤110 [◦ C]
173.15≤T≤383.15 [K]−100≤T≤110 [◦ C]
173.15≤T≤383.15 [K]−100≤T≤110 [◦ C]
0≤X≤1.0 [–]1.2×103 ≤P≤4.02×106 [Pa]0.012≤P≤40.2 [bar]1.2×103 ≤P≤4.02×106 [Pa]0.012≤P≤40.2 [bar]1.2×103 ≤P≤8.0×106 [Pa]0.012≤P≤80 [bar]see Fig.II-2.34-3 for S
2.0×103 ≤P≤8.0×106 [Pa]183.15≤T≤473.15 [K]
0.02≤P≤80 [bar]−90≤T≤200 [◦ C]
see Fig.II-2.34-1
1.2×103 ≤P≤4.02×106 [Pa]0.012≤P≤40.2 [bar]0≤X≤1.0 [–]173.15≤T≤383.15 [K]−100≤T≤110 [◦ C]
173.15≤T≤383.15 [K]−100≤T≤110 [◦ C]
173.15≤T≤383.15 [K]−100≤T≤110 [◦ C]
0≤X≤1.0 [–]2.0×103 ≤P≤8.0×106 [Pa]183.15≤T≤473.15 [K]
0.02≤P≤80 [bar]−90≤T≤200 [◦ C]
see Fig.II-2.34-1

8G
8H
56

WTD(T)WTDD(T)
XPH(P,H)

XPH: Dryness Fraction [–]P∗: Pressure [Pa], [bar]H: Speciﬁc Enthalpy of Mixture [J/kg]

1.2×103 ≤P≤4.02×106 [Pa]0.012≤P≤40.2 [bar]HPD(P)≤H≤HPDD(P) [J/kg]

320

P-PROPATH: Pure Substances and Mixtures with Fixed Composition
Table II–2.34–1

No.
57

Name of
Function
XPS(P,S)58

XPU(P,U)59

XPV(P,V)60

XTH(T,H)

61

XTS(T,S)62

XTU(T,U)63

XTV(T,V)

CFC-12 (R12) Function (cont’d)

Function and Argument(s)Range of Argument(s)XPS: Dryness Fraction [–]P∗: Pressure [Pa], [bar]S: Speciﬁc Entropy of Mixture [J/(kg·K)]
XPU: Dryness Fraction [–]P∗: Pressure [Pa], [bar]U: Speciﬁc Internal Energy of Mixture [J/kg]
XPV: Dryness Fraction [–]P∗: Pressure [Pa], [bar]V: Speciﬁc Volume of Mixture [m3 /kg]
XTH: Dryness Fraction [–]T∗: Temperature [K], [◦C]
H: Speciﬁc Enthalpy of Mixture [J/kg]
XTS: Dryness Fraction [–]T∗: Temperature [K], [◦C]
S: Speciﬁc Entropy of Mixture [J/(kg·K)]
XTU: Dryness Fraction [–]T∗: Temperature [K], [◦C]
U: Speciﬁc Internal Energy of Mixture [J/kg]
XTV: Dryness Fraction [–]T∗: Temperature [K], [◦C]
V: Speciﬁc Volume of Mixture [m3 /kg]

1.2×103 ≤P≤4.02×106 [Pa]0.012≤P≤40.2 [bar]SPD(P)≤S≤SPDD(P) [J/(kg·K)]
1.2×103 ≤P≤4.02×106 [Pa]0.012≤P≤40.2 [bar]UPD(P)≤U≤UPDD(P) [J/kg]
1.2×103 ≤P≤4.02×106 [Pa]0.012≤P≤40.2 [bar]VPD(P)≤V≤VPDD(P) [m3 /kg]
173.15≤T≤383.15 [K]−100≤T≤110 [◦ C]
HTD(T)≤H≤HTDD(T) [J/kg]
173.15≤T≤383.15 [K]−100≤T≤110 [◦ C]
STD(T)≤S≤STDD(T) [J/(kg·K)]
173.15≤T≤383.15 [K]−100≤T≤110 [◦ C]
UTD(T)≤U≤UTDD(T) [J/kg]
173.15≤T≤383.15 [K]−100≤T≤110 [◦ C]
VTD(T)≤V≤VTDD(T) [m3 /kg]

CFC-12(R12)321[bar]*10 6 [Pa]
80

8

50

V=

Pressure, P

1 .7 921*

10 -3 3m /kg

CFC-12(R12)5

Critical point

p
Va
0.02

0.002
173.15-100por273.15
0

re

u
ss

re

r
cu

ve

373.15100

441.0
167.85473.15 [K]
200 [C]

Temperature, T
Fig.II–2.34–1

Range of Arguments(P,T) for AKPT(P,T),CPPT(P,T),CVPT(P,T),HPT(P,T),
SPT(P,T),UPT(P,T),VPT(P,T) and WPT(P,T).

322

P-PROPATH: Pure Substances and Mixtures with Fixed Composition[bar]*10 6 [Pa]150

15

CFC-12(R12)10-6

T = 4.25*10 P+307.5
T:[K], P:[Pa]
60

6

50

5

T = 333 K

Sa
0.074

0.0074
0.1

tu

t
ra

ed

0.2

li q

ui

Critical point
Saturated vapor

Pressure, P

100

T = 460 K

T = 5.4*10-6P+319
T:[K], P:[Pa]d0.3

Enthalpy, H [J/kg]
Fig.II–2.34–2 Range of Arguments(P,H) for TPH(P,H).

0.4 *106

CFC-12(R12)323[bar]*10 6 [Pa]150

15

CFC-12(R12)10-6

T = 4.25*10 P+307.5
T:[K], P:[Pa]
60

6

50

5

T = 333 K

0.074

0.00740.5

1.0

or
S at u ra te d v ap

tu

ra

te d

li q

ui

d

Critical point

Sa

Pressure, P

100

T = 460 K

T = 5.4*10-6P+319
T:[K], P:[Pa]1.5

Entropy, S [J/(kg.K)]
Fig.II–2.34–3

Range of Arguments(P,S) for HPS(P,S),TPS(P,S),UPS(P,S)
and VPS(P,S).

2.0 *106