IEEJ：July 2017 © IEEJ2017

Nigeria Country Report

ByMr. Abdelnasser ABDALLAH and Dr. Aminu H. ISA
Energy Commission of Nigeria,
Plot 701C, Central Area, PMB 358, Garki, Abuja,Nigeria•Presented at the JICA Knowledge Co-Creation Program (Group & Region Focus)
Training Course on Energy Policy, Tokyo, Japan 3th July, 2017.
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Acknowledgements• The Energy Commission of Nigeria (ECN), on behalf of
the Federal Government and people of Nigeria wish to
express our profound appreciation to:– The Japan International Cooperation Agency (JICA)
for providing the technical and financial support forthe capacity building, through “The Knowledge CoCreation Program” for knowledge on energy policy
making and formulation, as well as funding our trip tothis training;– The Government of Japan for hosting us in thishistoric and majestic country.

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Contents of Country Report
1.

2.
3.
4.

5.
6.
7.

General Informationa) Country profileb) Economic indicators
Energy Reserves
Current Energy Policy and Measures
Past Energy Demand and Supplya) Energy demand by sectorb) Demand and supply by energyc) Energy Prices
Outlook of Energy Demand and Supply
Difficulties & Bottle Necks facing Energy Policy Formulations inNigeria
Subjects we would like to study in the order of priority and reasons.
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1. General Information …
1.1 Country Profile
Area:
923, 768.00 sq. Km (356,700.0 sq. mi)
Capital: Abuja
Currency: Naira (₦)
Location: Lies on Latitude 4° north of the Equatorand Latitudes 3° and 14° on the east ofthe Greenwich Meridian.
Seasons: Lies within the tropic with two distinctive
seasons; wet (April – Oct.) and dry(Nov. – Mar.)
Temperature: generally high, ranging between
22 and 34°C, except on the three
Plateaus, namely, Jos, Mambila andObodu Cattle Ranch

Map of Nigeria, showing boarder Countries
Ref: www.bbc.com/news/world-africa-13949550

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General Information …
1.2 Economic and Social Indicators
2011

2012

2013

2014

2015

GDP (Billion US$)414.10460.90

514.9

568.5

492.5

GDP per Capita (US$)

2,522.0 2,730.2 2,966.1

3.184.6

2,683.1

Real GDP Growth Rate (%)

5.3

4.2

5.5

6.2

2.8

Population (million)164.2

168.8

173.6

178.5

183.6

Population Growth Rate (%)

2.8

2.8

2.8

2.8

2.8

Unemployment Rate (%)

6.0

10.6

10.0

7,8

10.4

Life Expectancy at Birth (Years)

47.6

47.6

47.6

52.9

52.9

Incidence of Poverty (%)

71.5

72.0

72.5

73.0

74.0

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2. Energy Reserves
Nigeria is Endowed with A Variety of Abundant Energy Resources
Hydropower Potential

SHP: 3,500 MW; Large
Hydro:11,500 MW

Coal

Total reserves:
2.175 billion tonnes

Uranium

Total reserves: Not Yet
QuantifiedWind(2-4) m/s at 10m height(main land)

Crude Oil

Total reserves:36.22 billion barrels

Biomass

Excess of 1.2mTonnes/day

Natural Gas

Total reserves:
187 Trillion SCF

Solar radiationSolar

3.5-7.0 kWh/m²/day

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E n e r g y R e s o u rc e s i n N i g e r i a …
S/No.

Resource TypeReserves (Natural Units)

Production Level(natural units

Utilization (naturalunits)

1.

Crude Oil

36.22 billion barrels

2.06 million barrels/day

445,000 barrels/day

2.

Natural Gas

187 trillion SCF

7.1 Billion SCF/day

3.4 billion SCF/day3.

Coal and lignite

2.734 billion tonnes

insignificant

insignificant

4.

Tar Sands

31 billion barrels of oil equivalent--5.

Large Hydropower

11,250 MW

1,938 MW (167.4 million
MWh/day)

167.4 Million MWh/day

6.

Small Hydropower

3,500 MW30 MW (2.6 million
MWh/day)

2.6 million MWh/day

7.

Solar Radiation

3.5 - 7.0 kWh/m2/day (485.1 million
MWh/day using 0.1% Nigeria landarea)

Excess of 240 kWp ofsolar PV or 0.01 million
MWh/day

Excess of 0.01million
MWph/day of solar PV8.

Wind(2-4) m/s at 10m height9.

Biomass

10.

--Fuelwood

11 million hectares of forest andwoodland

0.110 million
tonnes/day

0.120 million
tonnes/day

Animalwaste

245 million assorted in 2001

0.781 million tonnes ofwaste/day in 2001

Not available

EnergyCrops andAgricResidue

72 million hectares of Agric. Landand all waste lands

Excess of 0.256 million
tonnes of assorted
crops residues/ day in1996

Not available

Nuclear Element

Not yet quantified--7

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3. The National Energy Policy (NEP), Reviewed 2013
• The NEP recognizes the multi-dimensional nature of energy
and therefore addresses diverse issues such as:• research and development,• energy pricing and financing,• legislation,• energy efficiency,• Environment.
• The overall thrust of the energy policy is the optimal
utilization of the nation's energy resources for sustainabledevelopment.

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Contents of the NEP (cont ...)• The policy objectives and implementation strategies havebeen carefully defined with the following guiding principles,
that:– energy is crucial to national development goals,– government has a prime role in meeting the energy
challenges facing the nation,– the dependence on oil can be reduced through thediversification of the nation's energy resources,– aggressive research, development and demonstration (RD& D), in addition to human resources development mustbe pursued.

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Contents of the NEP (cont ...)• Consequently the overall energy policy objectives are to:– ensure the development of the nation's energy resources, withdiversified energy resources option, for the achievement ofnational energy security and an efficient energy delivery systemwith an optimal energy resource mix,
– guarantee increased contribution of energy to productive
activities to national income,– guarantee adequate, reliable and sustainable supply of energy atappropriate costs and in an environmentally friendly manner, tothe various sectors of the economy, for national development,

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Contents of the NEP (cont ...)– guarantee an efficient and cost effective consumption
pattern of energy resources,– accelerate the process of acquisition and diffusion oftechnology and managerial expertise in the energy sector
and indigenous participation in energy sector industries, forstability and self-reliance,– promote increased investments and development of theenergy sector industries with substantial private sector
participation.

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Contents of the NEP (cont ...)• The policy generally aims at

a private-sector led

energy sector, which:– optimally develops the viable energy resources inenvironmentally sound manner,– guarantees rapid expansion of overall access to adiversified energy mix at efficient prices,– guarantees technology diffusion and indigenous
capacity building in energy technology.

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Contents of the NEP (cont ...)The layout of the NEP is such that:• specific policy objectives, policies and strategies weredeveloped and presented for each:- energy resource (oil & gas, coal, nuclear, solar, etc.),- energy

utilization

sector(electricity,industry,agriculture, transport),- related energy issues (environment, energy efficiency,R&D, indigenous participation, financing, etc),- short, medium and long-term implementation strategies.

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4. ENERGY DEMAND PROJECTIONSPast Energy Demand by Sector by Energy Forms (million toe) based on
7% Economic Growth Rate, 2009 Base year data

Economic
SectorFossil Motor
fuels

Coal

Feedstock Electricity NonCommercials

Total

Industry

385.9

47.0

50.8

37.0

512.4

112.4

1145.5

Transport

00.0

7655.6

00.0

00.0

00.0

00.0

7655.6

Household305.6

00.0

00.0

00.0

1336.422447.924089.
9Services

74.1

00.0

00.0

00.0

629.6

2422.53126.2

Total

765.6

7702.7

175.4

37.7

2478.324982.7

36142.
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Source: Energy Implications for Vision 20:2020,ECN, 201414IEEJ：July 2017 © IEEJ2017

6. Percentage Contribution to Electricity Supply by
Energy Form
20092010

2015

2020

2025

2030

Coal
Electricity
import

0.00

15.79

7.06

13.67

8.17

6.47

0.00

0.00

0.00

0.00

0.00

18.83

Gas

66.10

61.73

55.65

56.37

70.23

52.13

Hydro

33.55

19.57

23.60

13.68

7.07

3.85

Nuclear

0.00

0.00

7.58

8.12

4.20

2.28

Small hydro

0.35

0.49

0.67

0.86

0.97

1.11

Solar

0.00

2.31

5.36

7.23

9.31

15.27

Wind

0.00

0.11

0.08

0.05

0.03

0.02

Biomass

0.00

0.00

0.01

0.03

0.04

0.03

Total100.00

100.00100.00100.00100.00100.00ECN,2014

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Petroleum Products Prices in US $/barrel
Petroleum
Products

2009

2010

2011

2012

2013

Premium
Motor spirit

9.38

97.13

69.08

97.07

98.07

Diesel oil

99.75

111.24158.75158.05158.04

Kerosene

102.66

124.61173.56

50.04

50.55

Fuel oil

76.56

na

64.17

116.98116.97

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5. Outlook of Energy Demand
600.00500.00Electricity
400.00

Coal

Million toe

FONG
300.00

LPG
ATK
HHK
PMS

200.00AGO
Noncommercial
100.000.00
20092010

2015

2020

2025

2030

ECN,201417

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6. Major Difficulties Facing Energy Policies
Formulation in Nigeria• Disaggregated energy policy formulations and documents• Different government agencies in charge of energy policy
formulation, do not have defined centralized mandates, leadingto conflict.
• Inadequate human capacity for comprehensive energy policy
formulation• Inconsistency in Government policies• Lack of government’s continuity commitment to policies

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7. Subjects we would like to study in the order ofpriority and the reasons• Energy Policy Planning: To better understand and plan on
issues of sustainable energy development, including energy
production, distribution and consumption, and also legislation,international treaties, incentives to investments, guidelines forenergy conservation, taxation and other public policy
techniques.

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Subjects we would like to study in the order ofpriority and the reasons…….. Cont’d• Energy Supply and Demand Forecasting: Understanding thechanges and trend in and demand and supply; to ascertain how
to meet up Nigeria’s suppressed demand situation.
• Comparative Studies of Energy Situations and energy policies
in Japan and the Rest of the world: It will give a better
understanding of energy situations around the world and forbetter comparative study.

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Subjects we would like to study in the order ofpriority and the reasons…….. Cont’d• Global Environmental Issues: Understand the concerns andcontemporary issues in environment as it relates to energy,
also to understand the externalities in the energy resources
utilization

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7. CONCLUSION• Nigeria is endowed with reasonable varieties of fossil-type andrenewable energy resources such as petroleum, coal and tar
sands as well as solar, wind, hydropower and biomass,respectively.
• With adequate legal instrument, adoption of appropriatetechnology and human skills, these resources can betransformed to provide sustainable energy for economic andinfrastructural development in Nigeria.

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THANK YOU

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