SEforALL (Sustainable Energy for All)International Workshop in Japanon Energy Efficient Building

Best Practices of Energy Conservationin Buildings by way of Energy
Management
Wednesday, 15 February 2017 Tokyo Japan
Yasushi Tanaka
The Energy Conservation Center, Japan1

contents
 Overview
 Best Practices
 Tokyo Square Garden-ingenuity as a tenant building Mie University-strong leadership of the president
 Summary<reference: key concepts > BEMS Tuning System Energy Conservation Grand Prize Award

2

<Overview>
 Main focusing points
 mandatory application of energy conservation standards to buildings
 the introduction of the benchmark system to buildings in Japan followed by efforts to enhance operational effectiveness of existing
facilities with the aim of achieving the target value of the latter.
 Showcases two different Best Practice cases from the Energy Conservation
Grand Prize Award and other awards
 a case of an office building: Tokyo Square Garden
 a case of an university: Mie University
 The cases clarify the importance of the following aspects
 the streamlined equipment (hardware) continuous improvements in operation (software) Essentials in Best Practice cases.
 an excellent energy management system autonomous small-group activities or a cross organizational team work promising technologies and know-how

3Tokyo Square Garden Use of versatile advanced EE&C
technologies
 Measures as a tenant buildingAEM(Area Energy Network)Building proper measurePressure to every tenant fromoutside(ranking)Voluntary action of tenant(pay-as-you-go)4Building Outline-Name: Tokyo Square Garden- Location: Kyobashi, Chuo Ward, Tokyo- Structure: Concrete Filled Steel Tube (CFT),
underground Steel Reinforced Concrete (SRC)- Stories: Above ground 24 stories, underground4 stories- Land area: 8,131m2- Total floor area: 117,461m2- Usage: Office, store, exhibition hall, meeting hall,clinic, parking space- Completion: March, 2013
- Progress management: Tokyo Tatemono Co.,Ltd.
- Basic design: Nikken Sekkei Ltd., Nihon Sekkei,
Inc.
- Construction design: Shimizu Corporation,
Taisei Corporation Design Division- Construction: Shimizu Corporation, Taisei
Corporation New Building Construction Division

Design Stage－Versatile and advanced energy conservationand environmentally-friendly-oriented technologies
Adoption of a photovoltaic system (50kw)
Photovoltaic
generation system

Photovoltaic
generation system

LED lights for both common areas andtenant rooms

Natural ventilation systemusing the exhaust void

Exterior with high thermal insulation performance
PAL: 169MJ/m2/year

Low-e
glass

Sunlight pursuit
electric blindLargeeave 1.8m

Large eave, low-e glass

Energy conservation technologies forthe equipment system

Outdoor air
inlet

Exhaust void

Air supply void

Exterior naturalventilation

Natural ventilation system
System using underground heat(natural energy) (30RT)- Inverter control for fans and pumps- Adoption of high-efficiency IPM motors- Control of outdoor air intake by CO2
concentration of offices- VVVF control, large temperature difference
between incoming and outgoing temperatures- Inverter control of parking space

Kyobashi environment
stationKyobashihill
Rooftopgreening

Introduction of BEMS (building energy
management system)- Awareness nourishing and educational
activities by using the tenant service function- Air conditioning billing system for offices (billingby heat measurement)

Adoption of a high-efficiency heatsource (inverter turbo chiller)

Through passage

High-efficiency
equipment
Heat storage tank

Temperature stratification
heat storage system

Operation stage – Ingenious measures as a tenant building Area as a whole:
Introduction of AEM (area energy management) Building independently:
 a system that encourages the owner and tenants to jointly challenge
energy conservation not only for the common areas but also for thetenant areas
high commodity value as a building and "visualization" means
encouraging voluntary efforts such as;
 System for promoting CO2 reduction
Enrichment of the tenant service system function
 ranking of each district
System that can voluntarily adjust CO2 reduction
Energy conservation trial by tenants themselves is possible (airconditioning, lighting)Tenants themselves can confirm the effect with visualization
screensPay-as-you-go billing system for air conditioning(Changed from the flat rate system according to the core time)Operation stage – Ingenious measures as a tenant building
System for promoting CO2 reduction

Display of ranking of each office district

Operation stage – Ingenious measures as a tenant building
System aiming at CO2 reduction

Start-stop and temperature adjustment of
air conditioners are possible

Display of weather reports
Natural ventilation and illuminance setting
can be chosen- Confirmation of the open-close state of thenatural ventilation- Function for preventing the natural ventilationfrom being left open

Operation stage – Ingenious measures as a tenant building
System for confirming and enjoying CO2 reduction effectElectric power/heat use and CO2 emissions are
displayed by the unit of year/month/day

Introduction of a complete pay-as-you-go billing system (electric
power/heat) so that tenants who made efforts to realize energy
conservation can enjoy the benefit through lower charges

Effect of the activities－reduction of energy consumption & CO2

 Estimation of yearly primary energy consumption
1,211 (MJ/m2・year) (office use)
Energy consumption intensity of general tenant buildings inTokyo: Approx. 52% reduction against 2,518 (MJ/m2・year) Estimation of CO2 emission reduction
Approx. 50% reduction (carbon half) (office use)
 External assessment
 CO2 reduction initiative project for residences and buildings by
Ministry of Land, Infrastructure, Transport and Tourism
 CASBEE highest rank “S rank” (BEE value = 3.8)
 Certified for the highest rank of Development Bank of Japan'sGreen Building Certification
 Assessed as AAA for energy conservation performance byTokyo Green Building ProgramMie University

 President’s leadership helps
 introduce innovative energy-saving facilities
to utilize renewable energy join a technological verification project
promoted by the Ministry of Economy, Tradeand Industry in 2011.
 Result
 reduced energy consumption in the campus
by 20% from the 2010 level.

12Themes on Promoting Energy Saving at University
Goal： Be Proud of Environmentally Advanced
University to the World・Indistinctness ofActual Energy Usageby each Sector

・Lack of Investment forEnergy Saving(First priority is to maintainand repair of energy facility)
Facility staff

・Insufficient Consciousness
of Energy Saving
Data source :13

Aiming at an Environmentally Advanced University
Systems Configuration of MIESC
Energy Management System（EMS）

Overview of Mie University （2015）
Site Area
Total Floor Area
No.of Students: 528,040: 314,539:
7,297
No.of Faculty and staff: 1,877
Total members:
9,174

Smart Meter

Create Energy

Each
Faculty

Event HallWind turbine

Annual Energy Consumption （2014）
Electricity
City Gas
Heavy Oil-A
CO2 Emission

Solar powerm2
m2
persons
persons
persons

41 .0 GWh
4,635 km3
424 kℓ
23,458 t-CO2

Each
Faculty

Save Energy
Gas engine
co-generation
systemWaste
heat
recoverychillerAir
conditioning
system

LED lights

Battery

14

Energy Conservation Effects Obtained
Item

Unit

2013 (Actual result)2014 (Estimation)

Energy consumption(crude oil equivalent)

Kl/year▲1,855 (▲ 20.4%)▲2,630 (▲25.4 %)CO2 emissions

t-CO2/year▲4,401 (▲27.3 %)▲5,613 (▲31.5%)

Major initiatives

Energy (crude oil
equivalent)kl/year

CO2 emissions
t-CO2/year

Otherachievements

Energy creation- Renewable energy facilities- Solar power generation- Wind power generation- Co-generation using gas and recovering exhaust heat for cooling and heating- Conversion of fuel for heat source facilities (from heavy oil to gas)

Energy storage- Small capacity battery to maximize the effect of curtaining peak power- Battery to reduce fluctuation of renewable energy generation- Autonomous power supply in case of a disaster or an emergency

Energy conservation(1) Introduce innovative energy conservation facilities and improve operation- Desiccant air-conditioning system that separates dehumidifying function andcreate a comfortable interior environment- Use of DC by solar power generation that will be largely introduced in the
future- Improvement of operation by integrating new and existing facilities(optimization of operation)- Introduction of an operation method in which exhaust heat is used withpriority- Selection of the most appropriate operation devices by using estimation ofelectricity demand(2) Power-saving efforts of all students and faculty members in the university- Visualizing energy conservation activities and give incentives to start such activities- Demand response to lower peak power during summer (power-saving activities)- Green walls to combat global warming

}

▲124

▲180

▲1,183▲466▲1,725▲2,322--------------▲82▲173▲18.1%▲18.1%(▲776)▲2,770 kWh---}

Prior evaluation ofenvironmental impact

Peak power▲ 60 kW
Reducing instant fluctuation ±50
kWPower supply in case of a disaster

Comparison with A/C
Improved in the end of 2013
(Effects will be acquired in 2014)(▲1,212)
The amount of saved energy ismaximized

▲1.03
---

Solar insolation shielding effect▲65 to ▲90%Peak power: an average 4.5%
reduction in nine days (430 kW)

15

Improvements of Equipment in the Building[Energy creation]
Main administrationbuilding
Building for Chemistry for
Materials

Energymanagement system(EMS)

Newly introduced
equipment

Faculty of Education 2nd
building[Energy conservation]

Power demand estimation
Instruction of priority for operationof heat source machines
Hospital

Monitoring of energy
demand/supply
Operation
instruction

Electricity

Installation capacity (kw)

Smart campus

Hot-water
absorptiontype chiller

Common facilities for
extracurricular activities

Satisfaction level
82%

Steam
absorption
type
chiller

Suiryo-Kaikan
Mie Environmental &Information Platform

Once-throughboiler

City gas

Steam
Heat
exchangerEnergy center

Hot water

Cold/hot watermachineUniversity libraryCentrifugal
chiller

ElectricityTargetComfortable
Target levelNot hot

Relative humidity (%)

Gas co-generation

Feeling

Discomfort index

Common educationalbuilding No.2

Feel hot a little
Feel hot and sweat

Conventional air
conditioning

Satisfaction level: Percentage of participants who answered“satisfied”, “somewhat satisfied”, or “normal”.
The size of each circle indicates the degree of satisfaction level.

Satisfaction level
82%
Desiccant air
conditioning

Cold water

Heat pump chiller

Promote the introduction of
Gas co-generation using
solar
exhaust heat
power generation[Energy storage]

Pear power of
each month▲4,310 bycogeneration
power
generation

Peak power
Reduced by
4,770 kW (downby 50.1%)

Contract power demand in FY2013:
4,760 kW (49.9%)

June

July

AugustIntroduction of desiccant air-conditioning system(dehumidification in summer)

Wind and solar power generation output(Before decrease of fluctuations)Improvement of operation- Energy storage equipment (▲ 60)- Operational improvement of heat source
equipment (▲ 310)
- Introduction of chiller using exhaust heat (▲ 60)- Operational improvement of cold water transfer
system (▲ 30)

Curtaining peak power
and reduce fluctuation ofpowerPower charge of leadacid batteries

SystemSystemAC busDC busTransformerPower generation

Power demand (kW)Peak power in 2013: 9,530 kW(100%)

Room temperature (˚ C)

After decrease offluctuations

D/D forPV

D/D forPV

PCS forconnection tosystem
LED light

Power discharge fromlead-acid batteries
Power chargeof capacitors

Power discharge from
capacitors

LED light

Solar
panel

Solar
panel
AC power
supplyIlluminance is the same in both
power supplies

DC power
supply(new method)Time

Battery to reduce fluctuationof renewable energy
generation

Direct DC power supply to lighting by solar power
generation system

16Summary Tokyo Square Garden
 Combination of advanced technologies and tenantoriented measures for seeking autonomous
energy management structureindividually and collectively energy-conscious bodies
 ingenious measures as a tenant building achieved result 50 % vs average level(Energy
Consumption & CO2) Mie University
 President’ leadership & proactive stancein improving building equipment
in promoting eco-friendly operation.
Achieved result,significant energy conservation.

17

Reference 1: Overview of BEMS (Building Energy Management System)【Monitoring and control system】

Facima BA-system(for PCs)

Transformers

Air
conditioners

Sanitary
facilities

Facima BA-system touch(with a touch panel on the wall)

Lighting
facilities

Disasterprevention
facilities

BACnet (facility
LAN)

Crime
prevention
facilities

・Visualize power
consumption andcompare predictedvalues and actual values
to reconsider operation
・Peak shaving of power
consumption

Elevators【Energy management function】

・Analysis of facility data
by using various charts
http://www.eccj.or.jp/bems/manual/index.html

18Reference 2-①: Overview of Energy Conservation Tuning[What is energy conservation tuning?]
Automatic adjustment
Before completion of the building

・ Energy conservation and resourcesaving design
・Enhancing energy management tools
・Energy conservation construction
・Energy conservation adjustment

Operation andmanagement
After completion of the building・Energy management in accordance with theEnergy Conservation Act

When the building is completed,settings are made assuming the peak load

Manual adjustment

Detailed operation and adjustment ofFacilities based on actual properties

Re-setting made based on
actual usage is necessary

Problems in conserving energy in officebuildings■Many load variation factors
・Load conditions
・Seasonal change
・System of the facility
・Occupancy rate
・Operation time and rate
■Energy consumption and consumption ratio by
item vary by the use of the building■Operation rate of facilities and equipment (loadratio) is lower than that of a manufacturing plant■Facility characteristics vary by building

http://www.eccj.or.jp/b_tuning/04/tune07.html

TuningFacility characteristics vary by building
・Difference in design conditions and usage
conditions
・Difference in the conditions to select equipment
and usage conditions
・Difference in load fluctuation
・Following of load fluctuation and equipment
operation・Difference in operation between cooling andheating・Temperature distribution
・Complaints and troubles

19Reference 2-②: Overview of Energy Conservation Tuning[Tuning items]
Effective use of blinds
and curtains
Efficient operation ofheat source equipment

Heat source equipment
Turbo, DHC
Gas absorption typeAir
conditioners

Change temperature setting・Cooling at 28˚C・Lower setting for heating

Check water volume
 Review the number ofpumps in operation

Reducecarrying
power

Reduce load

Pumps
Change air flow volume

Air conditioning
load

Adjust outer air damper
Optimum control
・Adjust the number ofunits in operation
・Manual operation

Operation
management

Ventilation
facilities

Hot water supply
facilities

Air conditioning
facilities

20Reference-3:Energy Conservation Grand Prize AwardECCJ has been implementing the award system for the first time in Japan since1975.Then system was introduced and developed to ASEAN countries and the world .
Purpose

History ECCJ started in 1975 as a government funded award program From 2011 restarted as ECCJ’s independent award program

Category

 Best Practice Products / Business Models

1975 ～ (awarded case 1500 pcs)
1990～ (awarded case 500 pcs)

Evaluation

 Innovative?
 Energy efficient?
 Resource saving /Recyclable?

 Marketable?
 Environmentally friendly / safe?

Schedule

Disseminate Energy Conservation AwarenessPromote Energy Efficient Products
Develop Energy Conservation related Industry
Construct Energy Conservation Oriented Society

From May to JulyIn October

In next year January

Application

Public Presentation
Competition

Award
Ceremony

1st Evaluation:
Document
Reviews

2nd Evaluation:
Questions from
Judging Committee

Optional Evaluation:
Site visit by Judging
Committee
21

Thank You Very Much

For More Information;
The Energy Conservation Center, Japan
http://www.eccj.or.jp <from 1996>
Asia Energy Efficiency and Conservation Collaboration Center(Established in April 2007)
http://www.asiaeec-col.eccj.or.jp
Japanese Business alliance for Smart Energy-Worldwide(Established in October 2008)
http://www.jase-w.eccj.or.jp

The Energy Conservation Center, Japan
Since 1978

The Symbol of Energy
Conservation
Since 2005
ECCJ has been spreadthe symbol mark with thevisual image of a flourleaf clover which isthought to bringhappiness named as“SMART CLOVER”,
representing everyone’s
energy conservation
activities.

22