162

P-PROPATH: Pure Substances and Mixtures with Fixed Composition

2.16 Water (IFC 1967 Formulation for Industrial Use-ITS1990)
Equations have been cited from reference [1] and [2].

2.16.1 Temperature Scale
International temperature scale 1990 (ITS-1990)

2.16.2 The Names of Substance, Library File and Single Shot Program
Name of Substance:
Library File for UNIX:
Library File for DOS,Windows95/NT:
Single Shot Program for UNIX:
Single Shot Program for DOS,Windows95/NT:

Water, Light Water
libjh2oi90.a
JH2OI90.LIB
h2oi90-ss
H2OI90SS.EXE

2.16.3 Important Constants and Others
Molecular Formula:
Relative Molecular Mass:
Gas Constant:

H2 O
18.0153461.51 J/(kg·K)

Critical Constants:
Critical Pressure:
Critical Temperature:
Critical Speciﬁc Volume:

22.064×10 6Pa (220.64 bar)647.096 K (373.946 ◦C)
3.1055×10 −3m3 /kg

Triple Point:
Pressure:
Temperature:

611.657 Pa (6.11657×10 −3bar)
273.16 K (0.01◦C)

Reference State:
At the triple point, the internal energy and speciﬁc entropy of liquid have been set equal to 0 J/(kg·K) and 0J/kg, respectively.

2.16.4 Formula
Vapor Pressure:
Equation (1) in reference [1].
Properties at Vapor-Liquid Equilibrium:
Equations (1) and (2) for speciﬁc volumes (densities) of saturated liquid and vapor, respectively. Equations (4)and (6) for speciﬁc enthalpy of saturated liquid, equations (4) and (7) for speciﬁc enthalpy of saturated vapor,equations (5) and (8) for speciﬁc entropy of saturated liquid, and equations (5) and (9) for speciﬁc entropy ofsaturated vapor. All these equations have been cited from reference [1].
Pressure and Temperature on Melting Curve:Equations (1) to (5) in reference [2].
Pressure and Temperature on Sublimation Curve:Water (IFC 1967 Formulation for Industrial Use-ITS 1990)

163

Equation (6) in reference [2].

References[1] J.M.H.L.Sengers and B.Dooley, ‘Revised Supplementary Release on Saturation Properties of Ordinary
Water Substance’, The international Association for the Properties of Water and Steam, St. Petersburg,Russia, (1992)[2] J.M.H.L.Sengers and B.Dooley, ‘Revised Release on the Pressure along the Melting and Sublimation Curvesof Ordinary Water Substance’, The international Association for the Properties of Water and Steam, St.
Petersburg, Russia, (1992)

164

P-PROPATH: Pure Substances and Mixtures with Fixed Composition
Table II–2.16–1

No.
1
94
8A
8B
828C
8D
2

Name ofFunction
AIPPT(P,T)
AJTPT(P,T)
AKPD(P)AKPDD(P)AKPT(P,T)
AKTD(T)
AKTDD(T)
ALAPP(P)3

ALAPT(T)4

ALHP(P)

5

ALHT(T)

6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
15
15
92
90
91
93
16
17
18
19
20
16171819
20
21

ALMPD(P)ALMPDD(P)
ALMPT(P,T)
ALMTD(T)ALMTDD(T)
AMUPD(P)AMUPDD(P)AMUPT(P,T)
AMUTD(T)AMUTDD(T)
AMUTDD(T)BPPT(P,T)
BSPT(P,T)
BTPT(P,T)
BVPT(P,T)
CPPD(P)CPPDD(P)CPPT(P,T)
CPTD(T)
CPTDD(T)CPPD(P)CPPDD(P)CPPT(P,T)
CPTD(T)
CPTDD(T)CRP(‘A’)

7A
76
77
7B
78
22

CVPD(P)
CVPDD(P)
CVPT(P,T)
CVTD(T)
CVTDD(T)EPSPT(P,T)

Water(IFC 1967−ITS 1990) Function

Function and Argument(s)Range of Argument(s)ALAPP: Laplace Coeﬃcient [m]P∗: Pressure [Pa], [bar]
ALAPT: Laplace Coeﬃcient [m]T∗: Temperature [K], [◦ C]
ALHP: Latent Heat of Vaporization [J/kg]
P∗: Pressure [Pa], [bar]ALHT: Latent Heat of Vaporization [J/kg]
T∗: Temperature [K], [◦ C]

611.657≤P≤22.064×106 [Pa]6.11657×10−3 ≤P≤220.64 [bar]273.16≤T≤647.096 [K]0.01≤T≤373.946 [◦ C]
611.657≤P≤22.064×106 [Pa]6.11657×10−3 ≤P≤221.064 [bar]273.16≤T≤647.096 [K]0.01≤T≤373.946 [◦ C]

CRP: Critical Constants
H: ‘A’=‘H’: 2.0866×106 [J/kg] Speciﬁc EnthalpyP∗: ‘A’=‘P’: 22.064×106 [Pa], 220.64 [bar]Pressure
S: ‘A’=‘S’: 4.410×103 [J/(kg·K)] Speciﬁc EntropyT∗: ‘A’=‘T’: 647.096 [K], 373.946 [◦C]
Temperature
V: ‘A’=‘V’: 3.1055×10−3 [m3 /kg] Speciﬁc Volume

one of ‘H’, ‘P’, ‘S’, ‘T’ and ‘V’Water (IFC 1967 Formulation for Industrial Use-ITS 1990)
Table II–2.16–1

No.
89

Name ofFunction
FC(‘A’)

9A
96
95
9B
97
23

GAMPD(P)GAMPDD(P)GAMPT(P,T)
GAMTD(T)GAMTDD(T)HPD(P)

24

HPDD(P)

71
25
26

HPS(P,S)
HPT(P,T)
HPX(P,X)

27

HTD(T)28

HTDD(T)

29

HTX(T,X)

84

IDENTF(‘A’)

66
68

PLDT(T)
PMLT(T)

85
86
81
87
88
99

PRPD(P)PRPDD(P)
PRPT(P,T)
PRTD(T)
PRTDD(T)PSBT(T)

30

PST(T)72
73
31

PSTD(T)
PSTDD(T)SIGP(P)

32

SIGT(T)

33

SPD(P)

165

Water(IFC 1967−ITS 1990) Function (cont’d)

Function and Argument(s)Range of Argument(s)FC: Fundamental Constants
M: ‘A’=‘M’: 18.0153 Relative Molecular Mass
R: ‘A’=‘R’: 461.51 [J/(kg·K)] Gas Constant

one of ‘M’ and ‘R’

HPD: Speciﬁc Enthalpy of Saturated Liquid [J/kg]
P∗: Pressure [Pa], [bar]HPDD: Speciﬁc Enthalpy of Saturated Vapor [J/kg]
P∗: Pressure [Pa], [bar]611.657≤P≤22.064×106 [Pa]6.11657×10−3 ≤P≤220.64 [bar]611.657≤P≤22.064×106 [Pa]6.11657×10−3 ≤P≤220.64 [bar]HPX: Speciﬁc Enthalpy of Mixture [J/kg]
P∗: Pressure [Pa], [bar]
X: Dryness Fraction [–]HTD: Speciﬁc Enthalpy of Saturated Liquid [J/kg]
T∗: Temperature [K], [◦ C]
HTDD: Speciﬁc Enthalpy of Saturated Vapor [J/kg]
T∗: Temperature [K], [◦ C]
HTX: Speciﬁc Enthalpy of Mixture [J/kg]
T∗: Temperature [K], [◦ C]
X: Dryness Fraction [–]IDENTF: CHARACTER TYPE FUNCTION
for Package Identiﬁcation (Length 20)
C: ‘A’=‘C’: ‘H2O’ Molecular Formula
S: ‘A’=‘S’: ‘WATER(IFC1967−ITS1990)’
Name of Substance
V: ‘A’=‘V’: ‘10.1’ Version Number

611.657≤P≤22.064×106 [Pa]6.11657×10−3 ≤P≤220.64 [bar]0≤X≤1.0 [–]273.16≤T≤647.096 [K]0.01≤T≤373.946 [◦C]
273.16≤T≤647.096 [K]0.01≤T≤373.946 [◦C]
273.16≤T≤647.096 [K]0.01≤T≤373.946 [◦C]
0≤X≤1.0 [–]one of ‘C’, ‘S’ and ‘V’

PMLT∗: Pressure on Melting Curve[Pa], [bar]T∗: Temperature [K], [◦ C]

251.165≤T≤273.16 [K]−21.985≤T≤0.01 [◦ C]

PSBT∗: Pressure on Sublimation Curve[Pa], [bar]T∗: Temperature [K], [◦ C]
PST∗: Saturation Pressure [Pa], [bar]T∗: Temperature [K], [◦ C]

190≤T≤273.16 [K]−83.15≤T≤0.01 [◦ C]

SIGP: Surface Tension [N/m]P∗: Pressure [Pa], [bar]
SIGT: Surface Tension [N/m]T∗: Temperature [K], [◦ C]
SPD: Speciﬁc Entropy of Saturated Liquid[J/(kg·K)]
P∗: Pressure [Pa], [bar]611.657≤P≤22.064×106 [Pa]6.11657×10−3 ≤P≤220.64 [bar]273.16≤T≤647.096 [K]0.01≤T≤373.946 [◦C]
611.657≤P≤22.064×106 [Pa]6.11657×10−3 ≤P≤220.64 [bar]273.16≤T≤647.096 [K]0.01≤T≤373.946 [◦C]

166

P-PROPATH: Pure Substances and Mixtures with Fixed Composition
Table II–2.16–1

No.
34

Name ofFunction
SPDD(P)

35
36

SPT(P,T)
SPX(P,X)

37

STD(T)38

STDD(T)

39

STX(T,X)

67
69
69

TLDP(P)
TMLP(P)
TMLP(P)

64
6H
65
6S
98
70
41

TPH(P,H)
TPH2(P,H)
TPS(P,S)
TPS2(P,S)TPSEUP(P)TPV(P,V)
TRPL(‘A’)100

TSBP(P)40

TSP(P)

74
75
42

TSPD(P)TSPDD(P)UPD(P)43

UPDD(P)

79
44
45

UPS(P,S)
UPT(P,T)
UPX(P,X)

46

UTD(T)

47

UTDD(T)

48

UTX(T,X)

Water(IFC 1967−ITS 1990) Function (cont’d)

Function and Argument(s)Range of Argument(s)SPDD: Speciﬁc Entropy of Saturated Vapor[J/(kg·K)]
P∗: Pressure [Pa], [bar]611.657≤P≤22.064×106 [Pa]6.11657×10−3 ≤P≤220.64 [bar]SPX: Speciﬁc Entropy of Mixture [J/(kg·K)]
P∗: Pressure [Pa], [bar]
X: Dryness Fraction [–]STD: Speciﬁc Entropy of Saturated Liquid[J/(kg·K)]
T∗: Temperature [K], [◦C]
STDD: Speciﬁc Entropy of Saturated Vapor[J/(kg·K)]
T∗: Temperature [K], [◦C]
STX: Speciﬁc Entropy of Mixture [J/(kg·K)]
T∗: Temperature [K], [◦C]
X: Dryness Fraction [–]611.657≤P≤22.064×106 [Pa]6.11657×10−3 ≤P≤220.64 [bar]0≤X≤1.0 [–]273.16≤T≤647.096 [K]0.01≤T≤373.946 [◦ C]

TMLP∗: Temperature on Melting Curve[K], [◦ C]
P∗: Pressure [Pa], [ bar]611.657≤P≤209.9×106 [Pa]6.11657×10−3 ≤P≤2099 [bar]TRPL∗: Properties at Triple Point
P∗:‘A’=‘P’: 611.657 [Pa], 6.11657×10−3 [bar]Pressure
T∗:‘A’=‘T’: 273.16 [K], 0.01 [◦ C] Temperature
TSBP∗: Temperature on Sublimation Curve[K], [◦ C]
P∗: Pressure [Pa], [bar]TSP∗: Saturation Temperature [K], [◦ C]
P∗: Pressure [Pa], [bar]one of ‘P’ and ‘T’

UPD: Speciﬁc Internal Energy of Saturated
Liquid [J/kg]
P∗: Pressure [Pa], [bar]UPDD: Speciﬁc Internal Energy of Saturated
Vapor [J/kg]
P∗: Pressure [Pa], [bar]611.657≤P≤22.064×106 [Pa]6.11657×10−3 ≤P≤220.64 [bar]UPX: Speciﬁc Internal Energy of Mixture [J/kg]
P∗: Pressure [Pa], [bar]
X: Dryness Fraction [–]UTD: Speciﬁc Internal Energy of Saturated
Liquid [J/kg]
T∗: Temperature [K], [◦C]
UTDD: Speciﬁc Internal Energy of Saturated
Vapor [J/kg]
T∗: Temperature [K], [◦C]
UTX: Speciﬁc Internal Energy of Mixture [J/kg]
T∗: Temperature [K], [◦C]
X: Dryness Fraction [–]611.657≤P≤22.064×106 [Pa]6.11657×10−3 ≤P≤220.64 [bar]0≤X≤1.0 [–]273.16≤T≤647.096 [K]0.01≤T≤373.946 [◦ C]

273.16≤T≤647.096 [K]0.01≤T≤373.946 [◦ C]
273.16≤T≤647.096 [K]0.01≤T≤373.946 [◦ C]
0≤X≤1.0 [–]41.532×10−3 ≤P≤611.657 [Pa]0.41532×10−6 ≤P≤6.11657×10−3[bar]611.657≤P≤22.064×106 [Pa]6.11657×10−3 ≤P≤220.64 [bar]611.657≤P≤22.064×106 [Pa]6.11657×10−3 ≤P≤220.64 [bar]273.16≤T≤647.096 [K]0.01≤T≤373.946 [◦ C]
273.16≤T≤647.096 [K]0.01≤T≤373.946 [◦ C]
0≤X≤1.0 [–]Water (IFC 1967 Formulation for Industrial Use-ITS 1990)
Table II–2.16–1

No.
49

Name ofFunction
VPD(P)50

VPDD(P)

80
51
52

VPS(P,S)
VPT(P,T)
VPX(P,X)

53

VTD(T)54

VTDD(T)

55

VTX(T,X)

8E
8F
838G8H56

WPD(P)WPDD(P)
WPT(P,T)WTD(T)WTDD(T)
XPH(P,H)57

XPS(P,S)58

XPU(P,U)59

XPV(P,V)60

XTH(T,H)

61

XTS(T,S)62

XTU(T,U)63

XTV(T,V)

167

Water(IFC 1967−ITS 1990) Function (cont’d)

Function and Argument(s)Range of Argument(s)VPD: Speciﬁc Volume of Saturated Liquid [m3 /kg]P∗: Pressure [Pa], [bar]VPDD: Speciﬁc Volume of Saturated Vapor [m3 /kg]P∗: Pressure [Pa], [bar]611.657≤P≤22.064×106 [Pa]6.11657×10−3 ≤P≤220.64 [bar]611.657≤P≤22.064×106 [Pa]6.11657×10−3 ≤P≤220.64 [bar]VPX: Speciﬁc Volume of Mixture [m3 /kg]P∗: Pressure [Pa], [bar]
X: Dryness Fraction [–]VTD: Speciﬁc Volume of Saturated Liquid [m3 /kg]
T∗: Temperature [K], [◦ C]
VTDD: Speciﬁc Volume of Saturated Vapor [m3 /kg]
T∗: Temperature [K], [◦ C]
VTX: Speciﬁc Volume of Mixture [m3 /kg]
T∗: Temperature [K], [◦ C]
X: Dryness Fraction [–]611.657≤P≤22.064×106 [Pa]6.11657×10−3 ≤P≤220.64 [bar]0≤X≤1.0 [–]273.16≤T≤647.096 [K]0.01≤T≤373.946 [◦C]
273.16≤T≤647.096 [K]0.01≤T≤373.946 [◦C]
273.16≤T≤647.096 [K]0.01≤T≤373.946 [◦C]
0≤X≤1.0 [–]XPH: Dryness Fraction [–]P∗: Pressure [Pa], [bar]H: Speciﬁc Enthalpy of Mixture [J/kg]
XPS: Dryness Fraction [–]P∗: Pressure [Pa], [bar]S: peciﬁc Entropy of Mixture [J/(kg·K)]
XPU: Dryness Fraction [–]P∗: Pressure [Pa], [bar]U: Speciﬁc Internal Energy of Mixture [J/kg]
XPV: Dryness Fraction [–]P∗: Pressure [Pa], [bar]V: Speciﬁc Volume of Mixture [m3 /kg]
XTH: Dryness Fraction [–]T∗: Temperature [K], [◦ C]
H: Speciﬁc Enthalpy of Mixture [J/kg]
XTS: Dryness Fraction [–]T∗: Temperature [K], [◦ C]
S: Speciﬁc Entropy of Mixture [J/(kg·K)]
XTU: Dryness Fraction [–]T∗: Temperature [K], [◦ C]
U: Speciﬁc Internal Energy of Mixture [J/kg]
XTV: Dryness Fraction [–]T∗: Temperature [K], [◦ C]
V: Speciﬁc Volume of Mixture [m3 /kg]

611.657≤P<22.064×106 [Pa]6.11657×10−3 ≤P<220.64 [bar]HPD(P)≤H≤HPDD(P) [J/kg]
611.657≤P<22.064×106 [Pa]6.11657×10−3 ≤P<220.64 [bar]SPD(P)≤S≤SPDD(P) [J/(kg·K)]
611.657≤P<22.064×106 [Pa]6.11657×10−3 ≤P<220.64 [bar]UPD(P)≤U≤UPDD(P) [J/kg]
611.657≤P<22.064×106 [Pa]6.11657×10−3 ≤P<220.64 [bar]VPD(P)≤V≤VPDD(P) [m3 /kg]
273.16≤T<647.096 [K]0.01≤T<373.946 [◦C]
HPD(T)≤H≤HPDD(T) [J/kg]
273.16≤T<647.096 [K]0.01≤T<373.946 [◦C]
SPD(T)≤S≤SPDD(T) [J/(kg·K)]
273.16≤T<647.096 [K]0.01≤T<373.946 [◦C]
UPD(T)≤U≤UPDD(P) [J/kg]
273.16≤T<647.096 [K]0.01≤T<373.946 [◦C]
VPD(T)≤V≤VPDD(T) [m3 /kg]