Indication of Source in West Java Province:
the First Government's Certification on Local Productsin Indonesia

Miranda Risang Ayu Palar, S.H., LL.M., Ph.D.
Head of Intellectual Property Centre for Regulation and Application Studies,
Department of Law on Information Technology and Intellectual Property,
Faculty of Law, Universitas Padjadjaran, West Java, Indonesia

Intellectual Property Rights

Exclusive Rights
Communal IPR

Inclusive Rights

Intellectual
Property Rights
Individual IPR

Exclusive Rights

Communal Intellectual Property Rights
Exclusive Rights
Paris Convention
SystemTrade Names

Lisbon System
EU System
Controlled
Appellations of Origin

Geographical
Indications

Collective Marks

Certification
Marks
Indicationsof Source

TRIPS
Agreement

Protected
Designations ofOriginTraditional
Specialized
Guarrantee

Communal Intellectual Property Rights
Inclusive Rights

Moral
RightsIntangible
Cultural
Heritage

Economic & Moral Rights

Traditional
CulturalExpression

Traditional
Knowledge

Genetic
Resources

Indicationsof SourceIS, GI, AO in International Legal Instruments
Indications of Source (IS)Paris Convention for the Protection of Industrial Property of 1883 andthe 1911 RevisionMadrid Agreement of 1891 for the Repression of False or Deceptive
Indications of Source on Goods

Geographical Indications (GIs)
Agreement on the Establishment of the World Trade Organization –Agreement on the Trade Related Aspects of Intellectual Property Rights
1994
IS, GIs, AO in International Legal Instruments
Appellations of Origin
Lisbon Agreement of 1958 for the Protection of Appellations of Origin
and their Registration (rev. 1967, amn. 1979)




Administrative Instructions for the Application of the Lisbon
Agreement 2010

International Convention of 1951 on the Use of Appellations of Origin
and Denominations of Cheeses (Stresa Convention)

Appellations of Origin & Geographical Indications


Geneva Act of the Lisbon Agreement on Appellations of Origin and
Geographical Indications 2015
Regulations under the Lisbon Agreement for the Protection ofAppellations of Origin and their International Registration 2016

IS & GIs (TRIPs System)

Indication of Source
Article 1 (1) of The Madrid
Agreement for the Repression ofFalse or Deceptive Indications ofSource on Goods of 1891 :“ All goods bearing false or
deceptive indication by which oneof the countries to which thisagreement applies, or a placesituated therein, directly or
indirectly indicated as being thecountry or place or origin shall be
seized in importation into any of thesaid countries“

Geographical
Indications
Article 22 of TRIPS Agreement :“A Member shall, ex officio if its
legislation so permits or at the requestof an interested party,
refuse or invalidate the registration ofa trademark which contains or consistsof a geographical indication
with respect to goods not originatingin the territory indicated, if use of theindication in the trademark
for such goods in that Member is ofsuch a nature as to mislead the public
as to the true place of origin.”IS & GIs (TRIPs System)
Indication of Source
Article 1 (1) of The Madrid
Agreement for the Repression ofFalse or Deceptive Indications ofSource on Goods of 1891 :“ All goods bearing false or
deceptive indication by which oneof the countries to which thisagreement applies, or a placesituated therein, directly or
indirectly indicated as being thecountry or place or origin shall be
seized in importation into any of thesaid countries“

Geographical
Indications
Article 22 (1) of the TRIPs Agreement :“ … indication which identify a good as
originating in the territory of amember, or a region or locality in that
territory, where a given quality,
reputation or other characteristic of
the good is essentially attributable toits geographical origin. “IS & GIs (Geneva Act of Lisbon System)
Indication of Source
Article 1 (1) of The Madrid
Agreement for the Repressionof False or Deceptive Indicationsof Source on Goods of 1891 :“ All goods bearing false or
deceptive indication by which
one of the countries to which
this agreement applies, or aplace situated therein, directly
or indirectly indicated as being
the country or place or origin
shall be seized in importation
into any of the said countries“

Geographical
Indications
Article 2 (1) (ii) of Geneva Act of the
Lisbon Agreement 2015 :“ ... any indication protected in theContracting Party of Origin consistingof or containing the name of ageographical area, or anotherindication known as referring to sucharea, which identifies a good as
originating in that geographical area,
where a given quality, reputation orother characteristic of the good isessentially attributable to its
geographical origin.”IS & AO (Lisbon System)
Indication of Source

Appellations of Origin

Article 1 (1) of The Madrid
Agreement for the Repression ofFalse or Deceptive Indications ofSource on Goods of 1891 :Article 2 (1) of the 1958 Lisbon
Agreement for the Protection ofAppellations of Origin :“ All goods bearing false or
deceptive indication by which oneof the countries to which thisagreement applies, or a placesituated therein, directly or
indirectly indicated as being thecountry or place or origin shall be
seized in importation into any of
the said countries““... the geographical denominationof a country, region, or locality,
which serve to designate a
product originating therein, thequality or characteristics of which
are due to exclusively or
essentially to the geographicalenvironment, including naturaland human factors ....”

Geneva Act of the Lisbon Agreement
 It combines the protections provided in Lisbon Agreement andTRIPS system it is more flexible than Lisbon Agreement. It also allows themembers to choose, whether they would like to become amember of Lisbon Agreement and Geneva Act, or of Geneva Act
only. The only prerequisite for the members to become amember of Geneva Act is being a member of Paris Convention

 It extends the strength of TRIPS’ second level protection to
products other than wines and spirits
 It introduces a ground breaking new rule by allowing a productthat is originated from a trans-border geographical area toobtain a protection

Residual Theory
Scope of Protection concerning Geographical Origins

Appellation of Origins
on Goods

Indicationof Source
on Goods& Services

Appellationof Origins on
Services

Wines and Spirits& Other Products

Geographical Indications
on Goods

Geographical
Indications
on Services

General Advantages of the Protection ofIndications of Source Indications of Source provides the users and consumers with the true
origin of the products, so they are protected against false anddeceptive conducts;
 No registration requirement to create the right. It can even be
conducted by the producers by marking their products with the
Indication of Source’s logo as a certification mark; The usage of an Indications of Source can be shared with other goods
and services, so the right holders can become inclusive in nature; The need of Indication of Source protection stimulates provincial andlocal governments to be more active in providing the protection on
their assets;
 Establishing a system to protect Indications of Source is easy, flexible,
inexpensive and fast.

Advantages of the Protection of Indications of Source
for Indonesia
Protection of Indications of Source for cultural resources ofIndonesia would : raise the reputations of Intellectual Property products originatedfrom Indonesia;
 provide better bargain position of Indonesian products in theinternational market, because of the assured quality and the true
geographical origins marked on the products;

 promote eco-cultural tourism of Indonesia in the GIs protected
regions;
 cut the excessive dependency of Indonesia to the developed
countries by empowering the quality of cultural based products ofIndonesia to compete in the global markets.

Advantages of the Protection of Indications of Source
in Indonesia
 Indications of Source can be regarded as initial protections for protected
Geographical Indications; Indications of Source can provide protection in combination with theprotection for genetic resources, traditional knowledge and traditional
cultural expressions which are still in the negotiation process in WIPO.
For patents which are based on genetic resource or traditional
knowledge associated with genetic resource, Indication of Source could
mean the implementation of the mandatory disclosure of origin
automatically; Protection of Indications of Source fills the gap of the lack or inclomplete
protection for cultural resources which requires sophisticated databases,
ministerial arrangement and sui generis new law in national as well asinternational levels;

Indonesian Law Number 20 Year 2016 about
Trademarks and Geographical Indications

Law on Trademarks

Law onGeographical
Indications

Law onIndications of SourceGIs & IS (Indonesian Law 20 Year 2016)
Geographical Indications

Indications of Source

Art. 1 (6)(7)(10)(11), 53 (1)(3), 61, 66, 67, 68

Art. 63, 64

Constitutive system; compulsory registration to enjoy
protection

Declaratory system; no registration needed to enjoy
protection

Substantive requirement: a link established by geographic
environmental factor/s of origin, including natural factor
and/or human factor

Substantive requirement: depiction of a true origin of agood/service without direct link with geographic
environment.

Attribution: particular reputation, quality, andcharacteristic of a good/service

Attribution: a trait of true origin of a good/service

Indication of Source(Indonesian Law Number 20 Year 2016) Article 63
Indication of Source is protected -- without any
registration requirement or based on a declaratory system-- as a sign that indicates the true origin of a good and/or
service and being used in trade.

 Article 64
Indication of Source is a trait indicating origin of a good
and/or service that is not directly have a linkage with its
environmental factor/s.

Provincial Regulation of West Java Number 10 Year 2018about the Management of Intellectual Property

Article 2
Objectives
1.

Accelerating productivity, creativity and innovation of intellectual
property in West Java Province;

2.

Developing a society with a scientific, technology and innovation culture;3.

Providing legal certainty on intellectual property products.

Provincial Regulation of West Java Number 10 Year 2018about the Management of Intellectual Property

Article 4Intellectual Property subject matters in the regulation include:
1.

Copyrights and Traditional Cultural Expressions;

2.

Patent;3.

Trademarks and Geographical Indications;

4.

Variety of Origin to create a Variety of Essential Derivative;

5.

Other Intellectual Property subject matters regulated by laws.

Government Certification:
Decree of the Governor of West Java Number 30/Kep.1087-Disparbud/2018
Indication of Source Communal Intellectual Property of West Java ProvinceYear 2018

2nd Section
Utilization of a communal Indication of Source can be undertaken by everybody aslong as the geographical place from where the good and/or service in question isoriginated is indicated;
3rd Section
Utilization can be aimed for economic benefit by arranging a fair and equitable benefit
sharing;
4th Section
A work or product bearing Indication of Source can be furtherly upgraded into a
Geographical Indication’s product if all requirements to obtain a Geographical
Indication protection can be fulfilled according to Law Number 20 Year 2016 and its
implementing regulations.

No.

City or Regency

Indication of Source

1

Bogor Regency

Bogor Pickled,
Bogor Laksa (wheat noodle soup),
Bogor Taro;

2

Bogor City

Bogor Pickled,
Bogor Laksa (wheat noodle soup),
Bogor Unyil (very small) Bread,
Bogor Taro Layers Cake,
Bags of Tajur, Bogor;

3

Depok City

Depok Dodol (a sweet toffee-like sugar palm-based cake);

4

Cianjur Regency

Cianjur Tauco (paste made from preserved fermented yellow
soybeans),
Cianjur Pelung Chicken (a male crowing rooster),
Cianjur Pandanwangi Rice (rice with a screwpine fragrance);

5

Sukabumi Regency

Sukabumi Palm Sugar,
Sukabumi Fish Meatball.

No.

City or Regency

Indication of Source

6

Sukabumi City

Sukabumi Mochi,
Ginger Bangket (loamy and crispy) Cokies,
Sukabumi Chicken Porridge,
Sukabumi Bandros (cakes made from rice flour, shredded
coconut and milk coconut).

7

Purwakarta Regency Purwakarta Maranggi Satay (Chinese-Indonesian spicing
technique to marinate meats),
Kaum Purwakarta Opak (cassava shell crackers),
Cikeris Purwakarta Brown Sugar,
Bendul Purwakarta Peuyeum (traditional fermented cassavacake),
Wanayasa Purwakarta Manisan Pala (shovel sweetmeat),
Plered Purwakarta Ceramics.

No. City or Regency

Indication of Source

8

Subang Regency

Subang Pineapple,
Subang Goldfish,
Cisaat Subang Papais (smoked meats or vegies wrapped in a bananaleaf),
Purwadadi Subang Poor Crackers,
Dawuan Subang Oncom (a mold fermented soybean cake),
Ciluluk Subang Sticky Rice Peuyeum (fermented sticky rice cake),
Subang Batik.

9

Karawang Regency

Karawang Rice,
Kijing Karawang Muffin,
Walahar Karawang Salted Jambal Roti (Ariidae) Fish Pais (smokedmeats or vegies wrapped in a banana leaf),
Karawang Tangkar (cow ribes) Rice,
Ciparage Cilamaya Karawang Chicken,
Cicinde Karawang Pindang (a cooking method of boiling ingredients insalt and certain spices),
Cibuaya Karawang Opak (cassava shell crackers).

10

Bekasi City

Bekasi Mask

11

Bekasi Regency

Bekasi Mask

No.

City or Regency

Indication of Source

12

Cirebon City

Empal Gentong (meat cooked in a big earthen-ware bowl) of Cirebon,
Gejrot (spicy sweet soup to deep a tofu) Toffu,
Cirebon Jamblang (Syzygium cumini fruit) Rice,
Cirebon Terasi (condiment made from pounded and fermented shrimp
or small fish),Cirebon Docang (spicy dish made from oncom. Oncom is a moldfermented soybean cake),
Cirebon Lengko (traditional vegan) Rice,
Cirebon Tektek (a sound made by a seller of traditional noddle) Toffu,
Cirebon Petis (black colored shrimp paste) Toffu,
Cirebon Sapar Apem (traditional cake of steamed dough made of rice
flour, coconut milk, yeast and palm sugar),
Cirebon Koclok (shaked) Noodles.

13

Cirebon Regency

Empal Gentong (meat cooked in a big earthen-ware bowl) of Cirebon,
Gejrot (spicy sweet soup to deep a tofu) Toffu of Cirebon,
Cirebon Jamblang (Syzygium cumini fruit) Rice,
Cirebon Terasi (condiment made from pounded and fermented shrimp
or small fish),Cirebon Trusmi (special motifs from Cirebon) Batik,
Cirebon Masks.

No.

City or Regency

Indication of Source

14

Kuningan Regency

Emping Kuningan Emping (gnetum gnemon nuts chips),
Kuningan Horse,
Kuningan Beca Opak (cassava crackers),
Kuningan Sticky Rice Peuyeum (sweet fermented ricecake).

15

Majalengka Regency

Majalengka Gedong Gincu (very sweet mangifera indica)
Mango,
Majalengka Soybean Ketchup,
Majalengka Sweet Claw Sugar,
Majalengka Sinapeul Sindangwangi Durian,
Majalengka Batik,
Majalengka Ceramics,
Jatiwangi Majalengka Roof Tile.

16

Indramayu Regency

Indramayu Gedong Gincu (very sweet mangifera indica)
Mango,
Indramayu Jambal Roti (Ariidae) Salted Fish,
Indramayu Pindang Gombyang (pindang: a cooking
method of boiling ingredients in salt and certain spices,
gombyang: traditional method to mix and serve sea fish),Indramayu Keripik Tike (crackers made from a special
grass),

No. City or Regency

Indication of Source

17

Sumedang Regency

Sumedang Toffu,
Conggeang Sumedang Sticky Rice Opak (cassava shell crackers),
Jatigede Sumedang Ant Sugar,
Jatinunggal Sumedang Shell Sugar,
Pasir Reungit Sumedang Oncom (a mold fermented soybeancake),
Pasir Reungit Sumedang Shredded Oncom (a mold fermented
soybean cake).

18

Garut Regency

Garut Dodol (a sweet toffee-like sugar palm-based cake),
Garut Dorokdok (cow skin crackers),
Leles Garut Burayot (hanged-form-cake made from brown sugar,
rice flour, nuts and coconut oil),
Garut Aromatic Roots/Vetiver,Cipeundeuy Garut Emplod (cassava ball cracker snacks),
Cibiuk Garut Sambal (hot spicy condiment),
Bungbulang Garut Sale Banana (sweet dipped banana cake)
Bungbulang Garut Brown Sugar,
Garut Orange,
Garut Batik,
Sukaregang Garut Leather,
Garut Sheep.

No.

City or Regency

Indication of Source

19

Ciamis Regency

Ciamis Colok Gembrung (cow skin satay),
Ciamis Galendo (cooked coconut remaining),
Cikoneng Ciamis Crackers,
Ciamis Round Toffu,
Panjalu Ciamis Wajit Takir (very sweet sticky rice cakewrapped by banana leaf in a square form),
Ciamis Soang (big duck) Gurame (gourami) Fish,
Rancapetir Ciamis Abon (shredded meats) & Ciamis Dendeng(dried meats).

20

Banjar City

Banjar Awug Bandera (a cake made from rice flour and brownsugar, formed in flag colors),
Banjar Ranginang Munu'u (stick rice crackers in round form),
Banjar Ranginang Comot (stick rice crackers in a finger pickedform),
Banjar Pepes Bebeong (smoked mistus fish wrapped in abanana leaf),
Banjar Caketra (cookies made from cassava flour, white sugar,
ginger and coconut),
Batulawang Banjar Rambutan (nephelium lappaceum fruit),
Banjaran Rangicok (chocolate stick rice crackers )No.

City or Regency

Indication of Source

21

Bandung City

Bandung Soto,
Bandung Shake Noodles,
Visualization of Bandung Satay Building,Cibaduyut Bandung Shoes,
Bandung T-Shirts.

22

Bandung Regency

Bandung Soto,
Bandung Shake Noodles,
Majalaya Borondong (fried sticky rice or corn snacks),
Various Ciparay Crackers,
Ciwidey Kalua (sweetmeat) Orange,
Cilampeni Satay,
Ciherang Rujak (salad),Banjaran Dorokdok (cow skin crackers),
Bandung Peuyeum (fermented cassava),
Wayang Golek (traditional puppets),
Ciparay Cireng (fried cassava flour),Bandung T-Shirts.

No.

City or Regency

Indication of Source

23

West Bandung Regency

Cililin Wajit (very sweet sticky rice cake),
Cililin Gurilem (very spicy and salted traditional snack)
Crackers,
Kidang Pananjung Sticky Rice Peuyeum (fermented rice),
Lembang Milk Toffu.

24

Cimahi City

Cimahi Bandrek (spicy coconut milk traditional drink),
Cassava Rice of ‘Cireundeu’ Indigenous/Adat Village ofCimahi.

25

Pangandaran Regency

Pangandaran Jambal Roti (Ariidae) Salted Fish,
Pangandaran Terasi ((condiment made from pounded andfermented shrimp or small fish),Pangandaran Opak (cassava shell crackers),
Pangandaran Grilled Opak (grilled cassava shell crackers).

No.

City or Regency

Indication of Source

26

Tasikmalaya Regency

Manonjaya Tasikmalaya Zalacca Fruits,
Tasikmalaya Ladu (a sweet sticky rice cake);
Ulen (sticky rice cake) of Warung Peuteuy of Tasikmalaya;
Singaparna Tasikmalaya Kupat Tahu (tofu served with leafwrapped rice);
Manonjaya Tasikmalaya Zalacca Pickles,
Manonjaya Tasikmalaya Zalacca Dodol (a sweet toffee-likesugar palm-based cake),
Tasikmalaya Batik,
Tasikmalaya Bamboo Handicrafts,
Tasikmalaya Embroidery,
Tasikmalaya Eceng Gondok (water hyacinth) Handicrafts,
Tasikmalaya Pandan (sweet screwpine) and Mendong(fimbristylis umbellaris) Webbing,

27

Tasikmalaya City

Tasikmalaya Kelom Geulis (beautiful clogs shoes),
Tasikmalaya Payung Geulis (beautiful umbrella)LaksaDodolTaucoBangket Cookies

Sate Maranggi

OpakPeuyeumPais, Papais, Pepes

OncomJambal Roti Salted Fish

Dorokdok

Empal Gentong

PindangWajitTrusmi Batik

Cirebon Masks