第 10 章

結論：核兵器解体から廃絶へ (Unmaking the Bomb)

1. James Franck et al., Report of Committee on Political and Social Problems Manhattan Project (TheFranck Report) (University of Chicago, June 11, 1945), www.fissilematerials.org/library/fra45.pdf.
2. 前掲書.
3. 前掲書.
4. C. I. Barnard et al., A Report on the International Control of Atomic Energy (Washington, DC, 1946),
www.fissilematerials.org/library/ach46.pdf
5. Richard Rhodes, Arsenals of Folly: Nuclear Weapons in the Cold War (New York: Alfred A. Knopf,2007).
6. さらに詳細な点については次を参照． Global Fissile Material Report 2013: Increasing Transparencyof Nuclear Warhead and Fissile Material Stocks as a Step Toward Disarmament (Princeton, NJ:International Panel on Fissile Materials, November 2013), www.fissilematerials.org/library/gfmrl3.pdf.
7. Action 3, 2010 Review Conference of the Parties to the Treaty on the Non-Proliferation of NuclearWeapons, Final Document, Volume 1 (New York: United Nations, 2010), www.un.org/en/conf/npt/2010.
8. David Sanger, “Obama to Renew Drive for Cuts in Nuclear Arms,” New York Times, February 10, 2013.
9. “Remarks by President Obama at Hankuk University” (Seoul, Republic of Korea, March 26, 2012).
10. 次の文献の第 11 章，Harold A. Feiveson, ed., The Nuclear Turning Point: A Blueprint for Deep Cuts
and De-alerting of Nuclear Weapons (Washington, DC: Brookings Institution, 1999).
11. このアプローチは，最初は次の文献で提案された． Steve Fetter, “Nuclear Archaeology: Verifying
Declarations of Fissile-Material Production,” Science & Global Security 3, nos. 3–4 (1993). 黒鉛減速プ
ルトニウム生産炉を含んだいくつかの事例研究の議論と論評については次を参照． T. W. Woodet al., “Establishing Confident Accounting for Russian Weapons Plutonium,” Nonproliferation Review 9,no. 2 (Summer 2002): 126–137. 他の炉型，特に重水減速炉に対する同等な方法が提案されている．
Alex Gasner and Alexander Glaser, “Nuclear Archaeology for Heavy-Water-Moderated Plutonium
Production Reactors,” Science & Global Security 19, no. 3 (2011): 223–233.
12. さらに詳細なことは次の伝記を参照． William Lanouette, Genius in the Shadows: A Biography of
Leo Szilard: The Man behind the Bomb (New York: C. Scribner’s Sons, 1992), とくに第 8 章．
13. シラードの提案は 1945 年 3 月のメモ「Atomic Bombs and the Postwar Position of the UnitedStates」となった．それはルーズベルト大統領に伝えるためにつくられたものだった．そのメモは次に再録されている．Spencer R. Weart and Gertrud Weiss Szilard, Leo Szilard: His Version of theFacts: Selected Recollections and Correspondence (Cambridge, MA: MIT Press, 1978), 196–204. ルーズ
ベルト大統領はメモが届けられる前に亡くなった．
14. 1995 年，マンハッタン・プロジェクトにおいて、ロスアラモスの理論部門長だったハンス・ベーテ (Hans Bethe) は「すべての国のすべての科学者に，将来の核兵器を創造し，開発し，改良し，製造する仕事から手を引く」よう訴えるアピールを発表した．Hans A. Beth’s Letter to the ScienceCommunity, July 23, 1995, www.pugwash.org/about/bethe.htm.
15. Joseph Rotblat, “Nobel Lecture: Remember Your Humanity” (Oslo, Norway, December 10, 1995),
www.nobelprize.org/nobel_prizes/peace/laureates/1995/rotblat-lecture.html. また次を参照．JosephRotblat, “Societal Verification,” in Joseph Rotblat et al., A Nuclear-Weapon-Free World: Desirable?
Feasible? (Boulder: Westview Press, 1993), 103–118.
16. この方向に沿った初期の提案は次を参照． Grenville Clark and Louis B. Sohn, World Peace throughWorld Law, 2nd edition (Somerset, NJ: Transaction Publishers, 1960), 267. また次を参照．Lewis Bohn,

“Non-Physical Inspection Techniques,” in Donald G. Brennan, Arms Control, Disarmament and National
Security (New York: G. Braziller, 1961).
17. Jonathan Schell, The Abolition (New York: Knopf, 1984).
18. Niels Bohr, “Memorandum to President Roosevelt,” July 3, 1944, in Niels Bohr, ed., Collected Works,
Volume 11: The Political Arena (1934–1961) (Amsterdam: Elsevier, 2005), 101–108.
19. Lawrence S. Wittner, Confronting the Bomb: A Short History of the World Nuclear Disarmament
Movement (Stanford: Stanford University Press, 2009).