すばる広視野探査とTMT分光による
IceCube高エネルギーニュートリノの超新星爆発起源説の検証

諸隈 智貴 (東京大学・天文学教育研究センター)
Tomoki Morokuma (The University of Tokyo, Institute of Astronomy)

Astronomical Society of Japan, 2019 Fall Meeting @ Kumamoto University

Subaru-TMT

2019/09/13

1

High Energy (TeV-PeV) Neutrino from High Energy Cosmic Ray

https://icecube.wisc.edu/news/view/455
Astronomical Society of Japan, 2019 Fall Meeting @ Kumamoto University

Subaru-TMT

2019/09/13

2

Origin of high-energy (TeV-PeV) neutrinos (cosmic ray)transient (variable)~<27% (Fermi)(Aartsen+2017)©U. Tokyo©NASA/Fermi?
(peculiar) supernovaTDE w/ jet<5-10%(Senno+2017)©Science©NSF

blazar: AGN relativistic jet<1% (Aartsen+2017)©NASA~<30%@100 TeV(Bechtol+2017)

GRB starburst galaxy

Astronomical Society of Japan, 2019 Fall Meeting @ Kumamoto University

Subaru-TMT

2019/09/13

3

IceCube Experiment @ South Pole

http://icecube.wisc.edu

High Energy neutrino detector
isotropic ==> extragalactic?
~1 deg localization
no correlation
w/ TeV gamma sources or GRBs
54 events (1347 days, 2010-2014)
automatic alert since 2016/04==> electromagnetic follow-up
New alert system: GOLD & BRONZE(2019/07-)

Astronomical Society of Japan, 2019 Fall Meeting @ Kumamoto University

Subaru-TMT

2019/09/13

4

Why Subaru(/Hyper Suprime-Cam)+TMT?
Deep(est) & wide imaging survey forpeculiar supernovae(tidal disruption events)
IceCube localization ~ 1 deg
O(103) transients@optical w/ 8m telescopes (TM+2008, M. Yoshida+2017)
redshift ~ 1: expected to be too faint for 8m-class spectroscopy. ==> TMT !!!

Subaru/HSC field-of-view

TM+ in prep.
Astronomical Society of Japan, 2019 Fall Meeting @ Kumamoto University

Subaru-TMT

2019/09/13

5

Neutrino from Choked-Jet SupernovaIc broad-line

Senno+2017

Neutrino from interaction between SN ejecta & CSM
Type IIn

Murase+2014
Astronomical Society of Japan, 2019 Fall Meeting @ Kumamoto University

Subaru-TMT

2019/09/13

6Supernova Searches for Multiplets
z=0.1

IceCube Collaboration 20172016/02/17 event

z=1
10 degz=0.023z=0.06(strongly dependingon neutrino spectral shape)

IceCube Collaboration 2017

No short/long transientsfrom optical to gamma-ray
SN 1998bw = GRB 980425

unrelated
Type IIn SN (PTF12csy)@z=0.0684
Aartsen+2015
Astronomical Society of Japan, 2019 Fall Meeting @ Kumamoto UniversitySubaru-TMT

2019/09/13

7

Supernova light curves & spectra @ z~1
SCP06G4
Subaru/FOCAS, 6.3 hours

Yasuda+2019

i=26
i=27
Subaru/HSC~1 hour integration

DECam (4m)

TM+2010Subaru/FOCASTMT spectroscopy
Subaru/HSC
Astronomical Society of Japan, 2019 Fall Meeting @ Kumamoto University

Subaru-TMT

2019/09/13

8

EM Counterpart Discovery of IceCube-170922A
IceCube alert (GCN 21916): 2017/09/22, 20:54:30 (UT)
7 BROS (blazar candidates) sources within error region
TXS 0506+056 variability detected with Kanata/HONIR==> Fermi/LAT variabilities (gamma, ATel #10791, Tanaka+)==> multi-wavelength follow-up (IceCube Collaboration+2018)
optical/NIR imaging, spectroscopy, polarization: incl. MITSuME,Kiso, Nayuta, Kanata, IRSF (OISTER) + Subaru (TM+ in prep.)z=0.336 (Paiano+2018, GTC/OSIRIS)
IceCube-170922A 増光天体探索②
いた。

かなた
9/23

カ

3/23
かなた
Kanata/HONIR
9/23
J-bandSubaru/FOCAS
ー2MASS
TM+ in prep.
差分
IceCube Collaboration+ 2018
Astronomical Society of Japan, 2019 Fall Meeting @ Kumamoto University
Subaru-TMT2MASS

3/23 - 3/249

2019/09/13

Optical Spectroscopy: redshift determination
0.1-0.3 hours
integration
Subaru(8.2m)/FOCAS
S/N~100

1% (S/N=100)

Paiano+2018 (background)Astronomical Society of Japan, 2019 Fall Meeting @ Kumamoto University

Subaru-TMT

2019/09/13

10Optical Spectroscopy: redshift determination
0.1-0.3 hours
integration
Subaru(8.2m)/FOCAS
S/N~100
10-hour integration
GTC(10m)/OSIRIS
S/N~500
30 times longer
1.5 times larger==> ~7 times better
than Subaru/FOCAS
1% (S/N=100)

Paiano+2018

z=0.336 < 0.4
consistent w/ MAGIC high-energy
gamma detection

Astronomical Society of Japan, 2019 Fall Meeting @ Kumamoto University

Subaru-TMT

2019/09/1311Summary & Future Prospects
High energy neutrinos are a key to understanding the mechanismsof high-energy cosmic ray production and its site.
IceCube@South Pole has been detecting astrophysical neutrinos
since 2011.
Gen2 from 2020’s.
One blazar (TXS 0506+056@z=0.336) was identified as acounterpart of IceCube-170922A.
Japanese observing team contributed it so much.
Supernova hypothesis needs to be observationally examined.
IceCube localization (~1 deg) & large distances to neutrino sources
require deep & wide Subaru/HSC imaging surveys.
Spectroscopy is so tough… ==> we need TMT.
Even for TXS 0506+056 (~15 mag): BL Lac. Featureless continuum
w/ very weak absorption lines.
GTC (10m) 10-hr integration (S/N~500) determined its redshift.
Supernovae@z~>1 is faint. Difficult for 8m-class telescopes.
Astronomical Society of Japan, 2019 Fall Meeting @ Kumamoto University

Subaru-TMT

2019/09/13

12