Progress of the Shenyang-Kawasaki
Inter-city Atmospheric Environment
Improvement Project
Shenyang Municipal Environmental
Protection Bureau
Zhao Hong~~13th Asia-Pacific Ecological Industry Forum~~
February 2017

1

Background of the Project2

Advantages of Shenyang City for
the Project3

Project Progress

4

Subsequent Project Plan

1

Backgroundof the Project

History of inter-city exchanges

Shenyang-Kawasaki Environmental
Technology Exchange Agreement (19ecological improvement technology
workshops have been held to date since its
implementation, with 38 men-times in total)Inter-city Cooperative Project on
Improving China’s Atmospheric
Environment
The mayor of Shenyang City entered intoa memorandum on deepening
cooperation in environmental protection
with Kawasaki City.

标题
1981

The two cities
became sister cities.

1997

2009

2011

Shenyang-Kawasaki Cooperative Agreement
on Circular Economy Development
Memorandum between the Ministry ofEnvironmental Protection of the People’s
Republic of China and the Ministry of theEnvironment of Japan on Building Shenyang
City in China and Kawasaki City in Japan into
Environment-friendly Cities

2012

2013

The Shenyang Academy of Environmental
Sciences and Environmental Monitoring
Center reached a common understanding
on further promoting the building ofenvironmental model cities, and enteredinto a memorandum with the Kawasaki
Environmental IT Center, NuisanceResearch Institute and Nuisance
Monitoring Center.

Environment-friendly City Cooperative Project between Shenyang City in China andKawasaki City in Japan
Under the framework of the Memorandum between the
Ministry of Environmental Protection of the People’s
Republic of China and the Ministry of the Environment ofJapan on Building Shenyang City in China and Kawasaki
City in Japan into Environment-friendly Cities, the ChinaJapan International Seminar on Environment-friendly
Cities has been held, the Shenyang-Kawasaki international
exchange platform of environmental cooperation
established, advanced Japanese technologies drawn on
for model city building, the JICA Venous Industry Circular
Economy Construction Guide Project implemented, andShenyang-Kawasaki environmental technology training
and research conducted to promote China-Japan
cooperation in environmental projects.
Shenyang-Kawasaki International Seminar on
Environment-friendly Cities:
The Shenyang-Kawasaki International Seminar on
Environment-friendly Cities has been held successfully
three times in Shenyang since 2010. The Chinese andJapanese sides have conducted in-depth, practical
exploration on building Shenyang and Kawasaki into
environment-friendly cities in terms of policy, management
and technology, promoting the environment-friendly city
building of both cities effectively.

Environment-friendly City Cooperative Project between Shenyang City in China andKawasaki City in JapanThe JICA (Japan International Cooperation Agency) Circular Economy Project – Venous Industry Ecoindustrial Park Pilot Demonstration Planning and Construction Guide – has been implemented
Shenyang is a pilot city of this project. Under the direction of the project experts from the Japan-China
Friendship Environmental Protection Center, Ministry of Environmental Protection, and the JICA, thetechnical route, research methodology, scope and expected results of the project in our city have beenplanned, and the investigation on waste home appliances, waste tires, waste oils, emulsions, andcontaminated land remediation completed.

Framework of the Inter-city Cooperative Projecton Improving China’s Atmospheric Environment
Chinese local
governments
Beijing City
Tianjin City
Shanghai City
Shenyang City
Wuhan City
Tangshan City
Jiangsu City
Hebei City
Guangdong Province

Supporting inter-city collaboration(coordination, adjustment, etc.)
Fund management and execution

Examples of collaboration modes
Japan-based training
Expert assignment
China-Japan joint research
Model project implementation, etc.

Inter-city cooperation
Examples of collaboration fields
VOC countermeasures
Motor vehicle countermeasures
Countermeasures against
construction site flying dust
Early warning system
Pollution source analysis
Monitoring, etc.

Japanese local
governments
Tokyo Metropolis
Toyama Prefecture
Nagano Prefecture
Hyogo Prefecture
Fukuoka Prefecture
Kawasaki City
Yokkaichi City
Kobe City
Kitakyushu City

Supporting inter-city collaboration(coordination, adjustment, etc.)
Fund management and execution

Inter-city collaboration platform(Supporting inter-city collaboration between China andJapan on the financial and technical levels)
Funding, guidance andadviceGuidance, advice

China (Ministry ofEnvironmental Protection)

Inter-governmental
coordination
Overall coordination

Japan (Ministry of theEnvironment)

2Advantages of Shenyang City
for the ProjectPM2.5 research

PM2.5 studies in Shenyang are led by the environmental protection bureau, and technicallysupported by the Shenyang Academy of Environmental Sciences, and the Shenyang
Environmental Monitoring Center.

Shenyang Academy of Environmental Sciences
Founded in 1963, and affiliated to both the Ministry of Environmental Protection and the Shenyang Municipal Government,
the academy has developed a sound organizational structure, a sound management system and a sound scientificresearch system over the past four decades. In particular, the academy has made remarkable achievements in integrated
regional environmental management, ecological protection, hazardous waste disposal, etc. in recent years. Shenyang
City has been engaged in the research of atmospheric pollution prevention and control technologies since the 1980s as
one of the pioneering Chinese cities in this field.
Source Analysis
Other

Element and Form Analysis

Uncontrolled combustion

Chemical production
and useTransportation

Other

Mineral productmanufacturing

Elemental
carbonWaste disposal

Waste incineration

Electricity production
and heating

Organic matter

Other ions

Organic matter

Metal production

Other ions

Pollutant Analysis

Other
Trace
components

Other sources

Other
Crust elements
Crust elements
Tracecomponents

2

Advantages of Shenyang City
for the ProjectPM2.5 research

Shenyang Environmental Monitoring Center
Founded in 1975, the center is responsible for the monitoring of water, gases, sounds, electromagnetic waves, radioactivity,
biology, ecology, coal, solid waste, pollution sources, interior spaces and building materials in Shenyang, as well as the
emergency monitoring of environmental pollution accidents. Since 2008, the center has undertaken the national pilot
projects on ozone, sandstorm and greenhouse gases successively. The center has State Key Laboratory for the Monitoringand Analysis of Atmospheric Organic Pollutants.

The Shenyang Academy of Environmental Sciences and the Shenyang Environmental Monitoring Center are studying
regional characteristic particulate matter source analysis, and countermeasures for pollution prevention and control; andfine particulate matter PM2.5 source analysis for ambient air, and countermeasures for pollution prevention and control.

2Advantages of Shenyang City
for the Project

Progress of haze prevention andcontrol in Shenyang City

This task is led by the Shenyang Municipal Government, which issued the Implementation Plan for the Blue Sky Action of
Shenyang City (2015-2017) in 2015. In addition, the environmental protection bureau has developed the Implementation
Plan for the Anti-haze Action of Shenyang City for comprehensive atmospheric pollution prevention and control. In 2016, theContingency Plan for Heavily Polluted Weather of Shenyang City (Amended) was amended to improve response to heavily
polluted weather, and include emergency response to heavily polluted weather in the emergency management system.
1. In 2016, the Contingency Plan for Heavily Polluted
Weather of Shenyang City (Amended) was amended
to improve response to heavily polluted weather, andinclude emergency response to heavily polluted
weather in the emergency management system.
2. The emergency warning release, file management,
supervision and inspection, and accountability systems
for heavily polluted weather have been established andimproved.
3. Coal-fired boiler dismantling and improvement has
been organized. In 2016, over 1,000 coal-fired boilers
were dismantled throughout the city, in which 73.2%
were industrial and tertiary-industry boilers, and 26.8%
public heating ones.
4. Cooking fume control has been conducted
intensively.

2

Advantages of Shenyang City
for the Project

Progress of haze prevention andcontrol in Shenyang City

5. Oil and gas recovery and control has been conducted. The Noticeon Issuing the Enforcement Plan of Oil and Gas Recovery
Transformation for Gas Stations, Oil Depots and Oil Tank Trucks of
Shenyang City has been issued.
6. Volatile organic matter control in the petrochemical industry has
been conducted. An investigation was conducted on enterprises
involving volatile organic matter in our city, and questionable
enterprises corrected according to the Pollutant Emission Standard
for the Petroleum Refining Industry, the Pollutant Emission Standard
for the Petrochemical Industry, and the Pollutant Emission Standard
for the Synthetic Resin Industry.
7. Upgrading for efficient dust removal and desulfurization has been
conducted to control pollutant emission strictly. In 2016, non-electriccoal-fired boilers of 20 steam tons or above with a total capacity of
4,400 steam tons were upgraded for efficient dust removal, andthose with a total capacity of 6,500 steam tons for efficientdesulfurization.
8. Straw burning banning: For straw burning in autumn and winter,
the Notice of the Shenyang Municipal Government on Banning theOpen-air Burning of Crop Straws, and Some Policy Measures for
Integrated Crop Straw Utilization of Shenyang City have been issued,
and the network management responsibility system on the district(county/city), township (sub-district), village (community) and grouplevels implemented to ban straw burning.

2

Advantages of Shenyang City
for the Project

Strengthening the control over automobile
exhaust pollution

In recent years, Shenyang City has strengthened the elimination of yellow label vehicles, motor vehicle
environmental testing, law enforcement and publicity for more effective automobile exhaust pollution.
1) The Notice on Strengthening the Management of Yellow Label
Vehicles, and the Notice on Adding the Green Environmental Label
Zone have been developed, and the Interim Measures of Shenyang
City for Subsidies for Eliminated Yellow Label Vehicles promulgated
together with competent authorities.
2) Environmental testing of motor vehicles: The 2016 Work Plan for
the Law Enforcement Inspection and Supervision of Motor Vehicle
Environmental Testing Agencies of Shenyang City, and the Notice on
Strengthening the Environmental Testing and Management of Motor
Vehicles have been developed.
3) The standard document for law enforcement on environmental
testing agencies has been prepared, and joint law enforcement andinspection conducted with the environmental safety branch of themunicipal public security bureau.
4) Information disclosure channels have been broadened tocommunicate motor vehicle pollution prevention and control actively,
and a smooth channel for citizen complaints and reports established,covering joint law enforcement of the environmental protection andpublic security departments, cracking down falsification in exhaustgas testing, yellow label vehicle management, green label zone
addition, new national V emission standard, etc.

Tip: Yellow label vehicle is the short form of high pollution andhigh emission vehicles, including gasoline vehicles below thenational I emission standard, or diesel vehicles below thenational III emission standard. Generally, such vehicles’
emissions are 5-10 times of those of vehicles, and they are
named for the yellow environmental label.

2Advantages of Shenyang City
for the Project

Efforts in resource recycling

1) Establishing the system of laws and regulations

Renewable
resource
recycling

Solid waste
classification
and recycling

Waste
dismantling

The Regulations for theManagement ofRenewable Resource
Recycling of Shenyang
City have been developed
to manage the resource
recycling industry ofShenyang City from theperspective of market
regulation.

The Regulations for
Domestic Waste
Management of Shenyang
City have been developed,
covering domestic waste
classification, charging andmeasurement, landfill
construction, etc.

The Regulations for the Recyclingof Scrapped Vehicles of Shenyang
City have been developed tostrengthen the control over illegallyassembled vehicles, and theInterim Measures for Trials on the
Recycling and Disposal of Waste
Home Appliances and Electronics
have been developed to regulate
the production, marketing, use andrepair of home appliances andelectronics, and recycling anddisposal of waste home appliances.

2

Advantages of Shenyang City
for the Project

Efforts in resource recycling2) Developing economic policies to promote renewable resource recycling
Preferential national and local policies are in place for renewable resource recycling, classification anddisposal, dismantling, renewable resource industrial park construction, etc., including establishingspecial funds, exempting taxes, strengthening financial support, etc.

2Advantages of Shenyang City
for the Project

Efforts in resource recycling3) Establishing an effective public participation mechanism
Give play to the Renewable Resources Association to guide consumers, and advocate green
consumption to purchase environmentally certified products. Support the community-level “green
shopping” initiative, where residents are encouraged to replace frequently used plastic bags with selfmade food baskets and shopping bags.

Offer policy, economic, technical, product andmarket information on renewable resources, andrelevant consulting services to members.
Carry out economic, technical, trade and academic
exchanges and cooperation with international
peers, and assist members in introducing foreign
capital and advanced technologies.
Organize or take part in the organization of various
exhibitions, shows, ordering meetings, and wastematerial trading fairs held by circulation andmanufacturing enterprises.

Renewable
Resources
Association

3

Project Progress

Project activities and performance in 20142014 was the starting year of the project, where both sides agreed on the scope of the
project, with focus on learning advanced concepts and drawing on valuable experience fromJapan in terms of atmospheric environment improvement technologies and policy
management.
Project activities in 2014:
September 2014: A project consultation meeting was held in
Shenyang City.
January 2015: Shenyang staff members (5) visited Kawasaki fortechnical training
March 2015: A project seminar was held in Shenyang City.
Project performance in 2014:
1. Visiting the National Institute for Environmental Studies tolearn advanced analytics in Kawasaki City;
2. Defining the research topic and agreeing on the directionof subsequent cooperation at the project seminar

3

Project Progress

Project activities and performance in 2015

2015 was the second year of project implementation, with efforts focused on learning
analytical techniques and policy management patterns. Staff was assigned to Japan for
training twice, and an international seminar held.
Project activities in 2015:
November 2015: Shenyang staff members (5) visited Kawasaki fortechnical training on fine particulate matter pollution source analysis
January 2016: Shenyang staff members (6) visited Kawasaki foradministrative training
March 2016: A project seminar was held in Shenyang City.
Project performance in 2015:
1. Mastering the source analysis method of atmospheric fineparticulate matter, and the sample collection and analysis
method of atmospheric volatile and semi-volatile organic
matter;
2. Learning countermeasures against fixed source nuisance,
environmental policies, educational environment,
countermeasures against global warming, preliminary
measures taken, and introduction of renewable energy
sources into public facilities in Kawasaki City;
3. Agreeing on the implementation plan of PM2.5 source
analysis – the joint research topic of 2016

3

Project Progress

Project activities and performance in 2016

In 2016, PM2.5 source analysis was the joint research topic of the project, including conducting
source analysis systematically and learning application techniques of the source analysis
software, thereby laying a foundation for proposing PM2.5 control measures.
Project activities in 2016:
August 2016: Japanese experts visited Shenyang to explain how to
operate the PM2.5 source analysis software.
October 2016: Shenyang staff members (3) visited Kawasaki for thejoint research topic of PM2.5 source analysis.
January 2017: Shenyang staff members (3) visited Kawasaki to follow
up the joint research topic of PM2.5 source analysis.
February 2017: A project seminar will be held in Shenyang City
(planned).
Project performance in 2016:
1. Basically mastering the operation and application techniques of
the PM2.5 source analysis software PMF3.0 and CMB8J
2. Learning how to determine levoglucosan, providing an importantbasis for solving the straw burning problem
3. Learning the analysis and testing method of carbon fraction inparticulate matter (thermal optical reflection method
4. Learning the analysis and testing method of inorganic elementsin particulate matter (thermal optical reflection (acidolysis-ICPMS method)
5. Defining the source analysis sampling and testing plan4

Subsequent Project Plan

2017 Project Plan

In 2017, the joint study on PM2.5 source analysis will continue, where both sides will obtain
analytics of PM2.5 sources in their respective cities through sampling to provide a basis for
finalizing a PM2.5 control plan.
2017 project plan:
Whole year: PM2.5 sampling and composition analysis
August 2017: Japanese experts will visit Shenyang for sampling and data validation.
October 2017: Shenyang staff members (3) will visit Kawasaki for the follow-up of samplingand data validation.
February 2018: A project seminar will be held in Shenyang City (result reporting).

Developing the annual PM2.5 source analysis samplingand determination plan, and completing annual sampling
and analysis

4

Subsequent Project Plan

2018 Project Plan

In 2018, the joint study on PM2.5 source analysis will continue, where both sides will explore
countermeasures against PM2.5 pollution prevention and control, complete a PM2.5 source
analysis research report, and propose effective countermeasures against.
2018 project plan:
Whole year: PM2.5 sampling, composition analysis, report preparation, countermeasurediscussion
August 2018: discussing the preparation of the research report based on the analysis results
October 2018: following up the preparation of the research report based on the analysis results
January 2019: A project seminar will be held in Shenyang City (result reporting).
February 2019: A project seminar will be held in Kawasaki City (result reporting).

Completing annual PM2.5 analysis, preparing the PM2.5
Source Analysis Research Report, and proposing
effective countermeasures against PM2.5 pollution
prevention and control

Thanks for listening!
~~Thank Kawasaki City for the ongoing great support for
Shenyang City’s environmental protection efforts~~