二つの「世界」をつなぐ二つのグローバル・アンソロジー『誰がため』と『老人と海』の間
日本英文学会第 80 回全国大会
2008 年 5 月 24 日（土）広島大学 東広島キャンパス
柳沢秀郎（中京大学・非）CONTENTS
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『誰がため』（１９４０）と『老人と海』（１９５２）の「世界」① テクストの「世界」観② 作家の経験的「世界」観
二つのグローバル・アンソロジーと作家のパースペクティブ補完① アンソロジー（選集）のグローバル性② Men at War：The Best War Stories of All Time (1942)③ Treasury for the Free World (1946)
グローバル・アンソロジー周辺のアジアと日本① Men at War の序文執筆時前後のアジアへの視線② Treasury 後の「二匹のエビ」と日本への視線③ ヘミングウェイと接触した日本人まとめ

資料 (Emphasis mine)【資料１】 『誰がため』の「世界」
The world is a fine place and worth the fighting for and I [Robert Jordan] hate very much toleave it.
(For Whom 467)
【資料 2】 『老人と海』の「世界」

This [The Old Man and the Sea] is the prose that I have been working for all my lifethat should read easily and simply and seem short and yet have all the dimensions of
the visible world and the world of man’s spirit.
(Selected Letters 738, “To Charles Scribner, La Finca Vigia, 5 Oct. 1951”)【資料 3】ふたつのグローバル・アンソロジー

Men at War：The Best War Stories ofAll Time (1942)
編集、序文：ヘミングウェイ
出版社： Crown Publishers
テーマ：優れた戦争物語を人類史的に総括
集録数：82 篇

Treasury for the Free World (1946)
編集、序文(Introduction)：Ben Raeburn
序文 (Foreword)：ヘミングウェイ
出版社： Arco Publishing Company
テーマ：第二次世界大戦の総括と平和への展望
集録数：61 篇【資料 4】 モームの『世界 100 物語』の序文から
It is foolish to generalize on a single instance [The Knives], but this suggests to me that
humour has a universal quality, so that it is at least possible that if it were more generally
exercised among the nations there is a chance that the differences dividing us, and the discords
that afflict us, might be in some measure mitigated. (Tellers of Tales xxxviii)【資料 5】 Men at War の序文からThis book will not tell you how to die. This book will tell you, though, how all men from theearliest times we know have fought and died. (Men at War xi)【資料 6】 Men at War のなかのアジアに関する作品群
日‘Tsushima’(1937) ---------------------- Frank Thiess
比‘Manila Bay’(1913) ---------- Admiral George Dewey
中‘After the Final Victory’(1937-41) - Agnes Smedley
日‘Pearl Harbor’(1942) -------------------- Blake Clark
日‘Midway’(1942) -------------------- Walter B. Clausen【資料 7】 Editor’s Introduction by RaeburnIt will be seen from the list of contributors that the book is no mere compilation of theoretical
discussions. Some of the writers are in supreme positions as leaders of their countries. Others
occupy places of decisive influence in the shaping of policies which will affect our futures; andmany, though not wearers of official titles, are among the world’s intellectual leaders, whoseviews will weigh heavily in the ultimate decisions for they are heeded with respect bygovernments and parliaments and by millions of awakening citizens in all the countries of theearth. (Treasury xvii-xviii)【資料 8】 Forward by Hemingway
Now that the wars are over and the dead are dead and we have bought whatever it is wehave it is a good time to publish books like this.
We have come out of the time when obedience, the acceptance of discipline, intelligent
courage and resolution were most important into that more difficult time when ①it is a man’s
duty to understand his world rather than simply fight for it.
②To understand we must study. We must study not simply what we wish to believe. That
will always be skillfully presented for us. ③We must examine our world with the impartiality ofa physician. (Treasury xiii)【資料 9】 Forward by Hemingway④We need to study and understand certain basic problems of our world as they were before
Hiroshima [the atomic attack on Japan] to be able to continue, intelligently, to discover how
some of them have changed and how they can be settled justly now that a new weapon had
become a property of a part of the world. ⑤We must study them more carefully than ever now
and remember that no weapon had ever settled a moral problem. (Treasury xiv)
【資料 10】 理解すべき他者世界の象徴としての日本①It is a man’s duty to understand his world rather than simply fight for it. ②To understand wemust study. ③We must examine our world with the impartiality of a physician. ④We need tostudy and understand certain basic problems of our world as they were before Hiroshima. ⑤We
must study them more carefully than ever now and remember that no weapon had ever settled
a moral problem.
【資料 11】 ヘミングウェイの日本への視線
The men who were making Japanese policy were the men who directed the destinies of theHouse of Mitsui, Mitsubishi, and other great Japanese industrial empires. They were pushing
their goods into all the markets in the world; they were developing a gigantic merchant marine.
They were working, in a word, toward true economic expansion.
(Robert Aura Smith. Our Future in Asia. 1940, 244-25)

【資料 12】日本を象徴する二匹のエビ(Across the River and Into the Trees, 1950)
The speedy shrimp, the Colonel thought,with tentacles longer than the moustaches ofthat old Japanese admiral, comes here now
to die for our benefit. Oh Christian shrimp,
he thought, master of retreat, and with yourwonderful intelligence service in those twolight whips, why did they not teach you
about nets and that lights are dangerous.
Must have been some slip-up, he thought.
(141)(Islands in the Stream, 1970). . . they [the whiskers of a prawn] werelonger than those of a Japanese admiral.
Thomas Hudson broke the head off theJapanese admiral prawn and then split
open the belly of the shell with his thumbs
and shucked the prawn out . . . (205)【資料 13】 ヘミングウェイと接触した日本人
みんなそうだが、とりわけ忘れられないのがカルデナスの立川金次である。16 年前に訪ねたとき、すでに 80 歳を過ぎていた。だが、キューバ移民の誰もがそうであるようにかれもまた 10 歳は若く見えた。『老人と海』の隠れたモデルとして知られる北崎政次郎と同郷（福岡県糸島郡）で、長身のいかにも海の男らしいがっしりとした体格に、しゃがれた割れるような声で大きく笑う。その快活さに圧倒された。
(「キューバ移民残照」倉部きよたか『キューバ日本人移民 100 周年記念事業キューバ現代美術展１９９８カタログ)