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Ageta, Y., T, Ohata, Y. Tanaka, K. Ikegami and K.
Higuchi, +32*: Mass balance of glacier AX*+* in
Shorong Himal, east Nepal during the summer
monsoon season. Seppyo, .+ Special Issue, -.῍.+.
Flint, R. F., +31+: Glacial and Quaternary Geology.
Wiley, New York, 23,pp.
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RST  (J4 PU VW5 +*+,-,-       A 
! +-.῍+.*.
Fujita, K., T. Kadota, B. Rana, R.B. Kayastha and Y.
Ageta, ,**+: Shrinkage of Glacier AX*+* in Shorong region, Nepal Himalayas in the +33*s. Bulletinof Glaciological Research, +2, /+῍/..
<`a! +33*: PU VW5 +*+,-,       A  ! +2+pp.
<`a! BCfg! hDiE! j FE! ] G!
 ῌ +301 +31+:  RS =b! ! -,, +,3῍+.0.
Hoshiai, M. and K. Kobayashi, +3/1: A theoretical
discussion on the so-called “snow line”, with reference to the temperature reduction during the Last
Glacial Age in Japan. Japanese Journal of Geology
and Geography, ,2, 0+῍1/.
N Oῌ*? ῌ] GῌPuv! +33*: +*+,- ,-  5 ,Q  wVW 5 x R
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"#$%! +3--: *+,- ./'( 0!
,2! +3-῍,2,.
"#$%! +303: 12 34 0! 567! 8! -/1῍.*2.
9 ! +3/3: :;<= ! .! 30῍+*..
>?! ,*++: @ 8A B! 8!
-21pp.
C!" ῌ##DE$! +320:  FG ,  >% &! 8! ,1,pp
Kawashima, K., +331: Formation processes of ice
body revealed by the internal structure of perennial snow patches in Japan. Bulletin of GlacierResearch, +/, +῍+*.
Kawashima, K., T. Yamada and G. Wakahama, +33-:
Investigation of internal structure and transformation processes from ﬁrn to ice in a perennial
snow patch. Ann. Glaciol., +2, ++1῍+,,.
H' I! +31-:  J @ K( ! +2! ,3
῍-1.
Kobayashi, K. (+3/2) Quaternary Glaciation of theJapan Alps. Journal of the Faculty of Liberal Arts
and Science, Shinshu University, Part ,, Naturalscience 2, +-῍01.
/ 0! H129! O3! +332: PQJRS
E6 @  7 ! 0*! .1῍/..
XYZ! +310: [!  
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-2! ++/῍+,0.
Muravyev, Y.D., +333: Present-day glaciation in
Kamchatka-Distribution of Glaciers and Snow-.
Cryospheric Studies in Kamchatka II, Inst. Low
Temp. Sci., Hokkaido Univ., Sappro, +῍1.
8\ZῌXYZῌL]^9ῌ_:9;! +31/:   =b VI +31,   >c ?@!
--, +-/῍+.3.
O3! ,**2: @ 4 Ad (eJ4 )4 k?lV mῌFGn II! +oHA! pI! +01῍+20.
HqrJK! +30.: +*+,- @ +*+,- F
G! Ls=bM! U" t! 8! /῍-..
Ohmura, A., P. Kasser, and M. Funk, +33,: Climate at
the equilibrium line of glaciers. J. Glaciol., -2, -31῍.++.
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Ono, Y., +33+: Glacial and periglacial paleoenviron  

222

ments in the Japanese Islands.  -*, ,*-ῌ,++.
Ono, Y., T. Shiraiwa and D. Liu, ,**-: Present andlast-glacial equilibrium line altitudes (ELAs) in theJapanese high mountains. Zeitschrift für Geomorphologie, Neue Folge Supplement, +-*, ,+1ῌ,-0.
)  +3-+: *+,-./012-3
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?@A ,**/: BCDῌῌῌ$ ERS TUVW "X ,11ῌ,21.
?@AῌZ [ ,**,: \]^_`\#$a
Bk'lmEno(p$ 5(qr +++.10ῌ.2/.
Strelin, J. and R. Iturraspe, ,**1: Recent evolution
and mass balance of Cordon Martial glaciers, Cordillera Fueguina Oriental. Global and Planetary
Change, /0, +1ῌ,0.
 ῌ   ῌ    ῌ   ,*+*:,**3 HLIῌB-st1
"sN. C$ *¡/ ,3 ./ῌ.2.
¢£ ¤ +312: ¥¡¦e§Bno(y, ¨e© 'E.ª $  .* +ῌ3.
¢£ ¤ +333: &)¨«ῌ¥¡¬´ +31+ῌ+332 -µ2¶4¨$ V "X ,20pp.

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 +302:  !"- # $ %&'(
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67ῌ ῌ89:;ῌ< ῌ=,>:
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< ῌ, ῌ ῌj-ῌ89:;ῌ
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+31-: ¯3&5e$ "X(·4 "X .+/pp.

Identifying active glaciers in Mt. Tateyama and Mt. Tsurugi
in the northern Japanese Alps, central Japan
Kotaro FUKUI+* and Hajime IIDA++

Tateyama Caldera Sabo Museum 02 Ashikuraji-bunazaka, Tateyama-machi, Toyama 3-*ῌ+.*/* Corresponding author

Abstract: Japanese glaciologists and geographers believed that there are no active glaciers inJapan. We studied the surface ﬂow velocity and ice thickness of the Gozenzawa perennial snow
patch in Mt. Tateyama (-*+/ m asl), and the Sannomado and the Komado perennial snow patches in
Mt. Tsurugi (,333 m asl) in the northern Japanese Alps, central Japan, since ,**3. The Sannomado
and the Komado perennial snow patches have large ice masses (¸-* m in thickness). We measured
the surface ﬂow velocity and found that both the ice masses had ﬂowed over -* cm month+ in theautumn of ,*++. Hence, we regard both the snow patches as active glaciers. The Gozenzawa
perennial snow patch too has a large ice mass (,1 m in thickness). We measured the surface ﬂow
velocity and found that the ice mass had ﬂowed slightly (¹+* cm month+) in the autumns of ,*+*
and ,*++. Hence, we regard this snow patch also as an active glacier.
,*+,  + « ,, &º5 ,*+,  - « +, &»¼º5 ,*+,  - « -+ &uv»¼º5,*+,  . « + &º 6w½ ,*+,  ++ « +/ &