ᶁᶐᵿᶁᶉᴾ

Fig.1 Schematic view of one of curved hole EDM devices

Content:
Mechanical engineers have taken it for granted that
drilling is to machine a straight hole. Therefore, straightholes have been used even in unsuitable cases. The
typical example of the cases appears in fabricating thewater channels of molds. The water channels are thepipe lines built in molds and play an important role toproperly control the temperature and thermal flow ofmolds in molding process by regulating the flow rate andtemperature of the coolant running through the water
channels, which prevents defects from occurring in
products. Accordingly, the shapes and positions of thewater channels are very important for achieving highproductivity. However, the water channels are inevitably
formed as the straight or polygonal-line-shaped pipelines, since they are generally fabricated by drilling.
To solve the problem, the development of a curved holemachining method is strongly desired. Therefore, ourlaboratory has developed the devices to machine curved
holes by means of electrical discharge machining (EDM).
Figures 1 and 2 respectively show one of the devices
and the curved holes machined by the devices.
Keywords: curved hole, electrical discharge machining(EDM), CAD/CAM
E-mail: ishidat@tokushima-u.ac.jp
Tel. +81-88-656-7379
Fax: +81-88-656-7379
HP: 㼔㼠㼠㼜㻦㻛㻛㼣㼣㼣㻚㼙㼑㻚㼠㼛㼗㼡㼟㼔㼕㼙㼍㻙㼡㻚㼍㼏㻚㼖㼜㻛㼙㼜㼟㼘㻛㻌Fig.2 Examples of curved holes machined in this study

Content:(a) A line of roughness
elements(b)Jet injection section in pipe
crack
Fig. 1 Apparatuses in present
investigation(c) Mixing layer exit oscillation plates

Fig. 2 Schematic diagram of K-complexity analysis

In fluid flows, although a turbulent flow and laminarturbulent transition are often seen in a nature or industrial
apparatus, it is hard to say that the details have beenclear. Therefore, in our research, especially the laminarturbulent transition is observed. In the laminar flow,
forced transition is generated and the mechanism oftransition progress is investigated experimentally.
Main experimental apparatuses are shown in Fig. 1. In(a), from a line of three-dimensional roughness elements
in a flat-plate laminar boundary layer a wedge-shaped
turbulent region is formed downstream from eachroughness elements. In (b), an intermittent jet isperiodically ejected in a circular pipe radially, then an
isolated turbulent patch is generated within a laminarboundary layer and moves downstream. In (c), oscillatingplates at the exit of a rectangular nozzle promote thetransition of a mixing layer between the jet andsurrounding quiescent air.
Moreover, the new measure which shows the transition
process quantitatively is developed based on the
Kolmogorov complexity and Shannon entropy analysis.
Figure 2 shows the schematic diagram of theKolmogorov complexity analysis.
Keywords：turbulent flow,
laminar-turbulent transition,boundary layer, complexity analysis
E-mail: ichimiya@tokushima-u.ac.jp
Tel. +81-88-656-7368
Fax: +81-88-656-9082
HP : https://www-me.ait231.tokushima-u.ac.jp/labs/turb/

㻌
㻌
㻌
㻌
㻌
㻌
Fig. 1 Bubble motion rising in viscous liquids.

Content:
㻌 Computational fluid dynamics (CFD) can be a useful
tool for understanding detailed flow structures andmechanisms of the dynamic motion of bubbles and drops.
Our laboratory computationally explores various motionof single bubbles and drops in immiscible viscous liquids
including non-Newtonian fluids:• Bubble/drop rise motion (Fig. 1)

ᶁᶐᵿᶁᶉᴾ• Complex (deformation/break-up/coalescence)
bubble/drop motion (Fig. 2)• Bubble/drop rise motion in non-Newtonian fluids (Fig. 3)
Fig. 2 Complex motion of bubble and drop.
Left: drop breakup Right: bubble merging

Fig. 3 Bubble motion rising in viscoelastic liquids.
(Elastic stress distribution)

Our computations are implemented using sophisticatednumerical methods such as Volume-of-Fluid, Coupled
Level-Set/Volume-of-Fluid, Moment-of-Fluid methods tonumerically track the interface.
Keywords䠖 Two-phase flow, Bubble/Drop,
Non-Newtonian fluid
E-mail䠖 m-ohta@tokushima-u.ac.jp
Tel䠖 +81-88-656-7366
Fax䠖 +81-88-656-7366
HP䠖 http://www.me.tokushima-u.ac.jp/~m-ohta/fluid_eng_1/Home.html

Singlecrystal(1)

Bicrystal
200 mmTricrystal

Fig. 1 Polycrystal (left), and single-, bi-, and tri-crystals.
crack

Tensile axis

1 mm
<110>
Fig. 2 SEM/EBSD orientation map of Cu single crystal
deformed in tension (25%).
(2)500 nmDiffraction spots from
Ni2Si phase are arrangedon the dashed lines.

Fig. 3 Ni silicide formation at the Ni/SiC interface.
(Left) Cross-sectional TEM bright-field image, (Right)
Selected area diffraction pattern from the circular area.

Content:(1) We have been studying plastic deformation oforientation-controlled single-, bi- and tri-crystals ofaluminum and copper. Polycrystalline materials arecomposed of numerous grains with a grain size ofseveral ten to hundred mm. Hence, single-, bi- and tricrystals are considered as enlarged portions in apolycrystalline material (Fig. 1). In our studies, we
carry out orientation analyses of deformation
microstructures using the SEM/EBSD method (Fig. 2).
*SEM: scanning electron microscopy*EBSD: electron back-scattered diffraction(2) We have been carrying out microstructural analyses
using transmission electron microscopy (TEM).
Presently, we focus our attention on the analyses of
femtosecond (fs) laser-induced modifications insilicon carbide (SiC) and diamond crystals. Fs laser
pulses were irradiated along lines on the SiC surface.
A nickel (Ni) thin film was deposited on the SiC
surface and subsequently annealed at 773 K. Crosssectional TEM observation unveiled the formation of a
Ni2Si phase at the Ni/SiC interface (Fig. 3).

Keywords: electron microscopy, microstructural analysis
E-mail: tatsuya-okada@tokushima-u.ac.jp
Tel. +81-88-656-7362
Fax: +81-88-656-9082

Fuel outlet
Water outlet
Atomizing air
Swirlerᶁᶐᵿᶁᶉᴾ

Fig.1 Fuel-water internally rapid mixing type of injector

Externalcylinder

Fuel
Fuel100%㻌 Water 50vol%Fig.2 Burner flame

Fig.3 Experimental setup
of burner combustion

Content:
㻌 Water addition to combustion field is known effective to
reduce NOx and soot emissions simultaneously for fireresistant fuels. Therefore, water-emulsified technology
has been used in burner combustion. However, wateremulsified fuel needs fuel-manufacturing process. In thisprocess, some surfactant is required to prevent
separation of oil from water, which leads to an increasein cost of the fuel; further, the fuel also has problem oftime stability as fuel.
This study tries to use water directly in burner
combustion with a newly developed injector shown in Fig.
1. Fuel and water are separately supplied to the injector.
The supplied fuel and water are rapidly mixed withsupport of pressurized swirling air in a small chamber
inside the injector. The well-mixed fluids are injected into
combustion field from several small holes on the top of
the chamber. The flow ratio of water to fuel can be easilyadjusted in response to combustion condition. Low
emission combustion achieved by this injector enableshigh load operation, which leads to high combustion
efficiency with less thermal loss of exhaust gas.
Keywords䠖
Fire-resistant fuels, Burner combustion,
Fuel-water mixing type of injector
E-mail: kidoguchi@tokushima-u.ac.jp
Tel. +81-88-656-9633
Fax: +81-88-656-9124

High precision positioning control using pneumatic cylinder

コンタクト不良

Realtime Linux environment
crack

1micron step motion

Precision work by pneumatic multiple D.O.F. robot

Simultaneous
insertion with gearand bearing

Application to human support system

Walking support shoes

Wrist hand rehabilitation device

A feature of the pneumatic drive system is the aircompressibility, which makes it easily be affected by
frictional force during precise position control. We havedeveloped a high-precision positioning technology witha repeat positioning accuracy of ±0.2 μm using acommercially available pneumatic cylinder.
In the mean while, the air compressibility brings
absorb function of trajectory errors even it involvescontact with the environment without generatingexcessive contact reaction force. By utilizing thisfunction, we aim to propose a paradigm shift in which
flexible robots perform precision assembly work, and todevelop it into practical applications.
The pneumatic actuator also has a high output/weightratio and the low stiffness characteristics, which is
attractive to be used as wearable device. We are also
conducting applied research on pneumatic walking
support shoes without electric power but wearer’s bodyweight and wrist/finger rehabilitation devices using
parallel sticks driven with pneumatic actuators.
Keywords：human support, pneumatic drive
E-mail: takaiwa@tokushima-u.ac.jp>
Tel. +81-88-656-7383
Fax: +81-88-656-7383
HP : http://www.me.tokushima-u.ac.jp/info/staff.html

ᶁᶐᵿᶁᶉᴾ

Fig. 1 Internal microstructure of natural fiber.
DOI: 10.1016/j.matdes.2011.04.006

Fig. 2 Thermal conductivity vs. fiber content.
DOI: 10.1016/j.compositesa.2012.02.020

Content:㻌 Glass fiber-reinforcing plastics (GRRP), that are widelyused until now as a lightweight structure material, areproduced from exhaustible resources, in addition there
are difficult recycling problems in GFRP. We are now
carrying out research work on natural fiber-reinforced
polymer composites (sustainable composites), that haveequivalent mechanical characteristics with GFRP, andtheir environmental load is much lower than that o䡂 GFRP.
㻌 Though the natural plant fibers have inferior strength
properties to glass fibers, however natural fiber has thecavity called a lumen in the inside, as shown in Fig. 1.
Therefore, it is expected that various functional
properties are derived from this unique internal
microstructure. For example, since the air filled in thelumen has smaller thermal conductivity than many solidmaterials, it has been demonstrated that the thermal
conductivity of the natural fiber-reinforced composites
have excellent thermal barrier properties (Fig. 2). We
have been examining the relationship between thermal
properties of the natural fiber-reinforced composites andinternal microstructure of the natural fiber.
Keywords䠖Green composites, Cellulose nanocomposites,
Functionality, CFRP
E-mail: takagi@tokushima-u.ac.jp
Tel. +81-88-656-7359
Fax: +81-88-656-9082
HP : http://www.me.tokushima-u.ac.jp/
takagi/¾ Background It is becoming more important to reduce anthropogenic
carbon dioxide emissions and improve the efficiency ofindustrial systems. Considering the situation mentioned above,
detailed measurement techniques using advanced laser
diagnostics have been developed to monitor and control theindustrial systems such as engines, boilers, and gas turnines.
¾ Merit of laser diagnosticsᶁᶐᵿᶁᶉᴾ

Fig.1 Application diagram of core technology

Conventional method㻌

Laser Diagnostics㻌

Physical Probe㻌

Necessary㻌Unnecessary㻌Response㻌

Slow㻌 (sec.䡚day䠅㻌

Fast㻌 (ms䡚min.䠅㻌

Measurement㻌One point㻌

Multi-point(2D, 3D䠅㻌

Sensitivity㻌

Low㻌

High㻌

¾ Applications
᧭᧥Combustion systems ᧶Exhaust gas, Combustion control
᧮᧥Plants(thermal, nuclear)᧶Process monitor and control᧯ ᧥ Semiconductor᧶ Raw material monitor, Trace species
᧰᧥Food and medical application᧶Visualization and analysis

Fig.2 2D temperature and concentration
measurement using CT-TDLAS(Application to engine, boiler and gas turbine)

Keywords䠖Laser Diagnostics
Real-time Monitoring
Industrial Applications
E-mail: ydeguchi@tokushima-u.ac.jp
Tel. +81-88-656-7375
Fax: +81-88-656-9082
㻴㻼㻌㻦㻌㼔㼠㼠㼜㻦㻛㻛㼣㼣㼣㻚㼙㼑㻚㼠㼛㼗㼡㼟㼔㼕㼙㼍㻙㼡㻚㼍㼏㻚㼖㼜㻛㼘㼜㼘㼍㼎㻛㻌Main Research Fields• Nondestructive Ultrasonic
Evaluationᶁᶐᵿᶁᶉᴾ

FIG. 1 Ultrasonic transmission coefficientsof steel plate immersed in water

FIG. 2 Piezoelectric guided wave sensor system㻌 㻌 㻌 㻌 㻌 for piping inspection

Materials

Projects• Development of efficient inspection
methodology
using
axial
and
circumferential guided waves• Development of wall thinning monitoring
using
noncontacting
air-coupled
ultrasound• Novel approach for laser ultrasoundKeywords 䠖 Ultrasonic Measurement, Wave Propagation
Problem, Ultrasonic Nondestructive Evaluation, Guided Wave
Inspection
E-mail: hidero.nishino@tokushima-u.ac.jp>
Tel: +81-88-656-7357
Fax: +81-88-656-9082

Content:㻌 Thermoelectric semiconductor have been widely usedᶁᶐ ᵿᶁᶉ
ᶁᶐᵿᶁᶉᴾ

as cooling and generating materials. Fig. 1 shows
photograph of commercially available thermoelectriccooling module. These materials can be used to recoverexhaust heat by thermoelectric conversion. The
efficiency of a thermoelectric device is expressed by adimensionless figure of merit, which is defined as ZT =
Į2ıț-1T, where Į ı ț, and T are the Seebeck coefficient,electrical conductivity, thermal conductivity, and absolutetemperature, respectively. Fig. 2 shows relationship ofthe maximum energy efficiency and dimensionless figureof merit. The heat of the low temperature range below
500 K generated from industrial apparatus has not beenused effectively in the world. In our research, we propose
to prepare the thermoelectric generation module forexhaust heat recovery of the low temperature range. We
would like to clarify influences by the modularization to
the thermoelectric properties of thermoelectric elements.
Fig. 3 shows figure of merit versus temperature ofthermoelectric materials. Furthermore, it is necessary to
improve the figure of merit for BiTe, ZnSb and PbTe
thermoelectric materials. We ultimately would like tocontribute as the foundation of the effective use
technology of exhaust waste heat.
Keywords䠖thermoelectrics,
energy conversion
E-mail: hasezaki@tokushima-u.ac.jp>
Tel. +81-88-656-7373
Fax: +81-88-656-9082

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Keywords䠖Modal analysis, TPA, Input force
estimation, Subspace Identification
E-mail: hino@tokushima-u.ac.jp
Tel. +81-88-656-7384
Fax: +81-88-656-9082

㻻㼟㼠㼑㼛㼜㼛㼞㼛㼟㼕㼟㻌㻮㼛㼚㼑㻌㼢㼍㼟㼏㼡㼘㼍㼠㼡㼞㼑㻌㻮㼛㼚㼑㻌㼏㼍㼚㼏㼑㼞㻌㻹㼕㼏㼞㼛㼟㼏㼛㼜㼕㼏㻌㼕㼙㼍㼓㼕㼚㼓㻌in vivo / in vitro㻲㼞㼍㼏㼠㼡㼞㼑㻌

samplesynchrotron CTୄ ‫ ࢘ ܫ‬ୄ , ‫ ݖ‬ୄ M ࢘ ୄ , ‫ݖ‬㻹㼑㼏㼔㼍㼚㼕㼏㼍㼘㻛㼙㼍㼠㼑㼞㼕㼍㼘㻌㼍㼚㼍㼘㼥㼟㼕㼟㻌
FTIR microscopy

load

absorption

nano-indentation test

displacement

wavenumber

=െ

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‫࢘ ܫ‬ୄ , ‫ݖ‬O w‫ݖ‬

MechanicalstimuliBonefunction

Quantification of 3D bone microstructure is essential forevaluating bone functions, such as mechanical strength,
fracture risk, or bone metabolism. Synchrotron radiation
computed micro-tomography has opened up new possibilities
in the analysis of bone microstructure. With the high intensity
and natural collimation of synchrotron X-ray sources, bone
images can be reconstructed with high resolution and highquality. The monochromatization of synchrotron lights also
permits the enhancement of image contrast of a target
material through harnessing its K-edge absorption jump. By
taking these advantages, we have been working on invivo/vitro imaging of rodent bone microstructure in the 3rd
generation synchrotron radiation facility, SPring-8 (Japan). In
addition, we evaluate bone material properties by using nanoindentation test and FTIR microscopy. Our research interests
are the effects of mechanical stimuli on bone development,
fracture healing, and bone tumor growth, especially withfocusing on bone vascularization.

Keywords䠖medical engineering, synchrotron radiation CT,
osteoporosis, bone cancer
E-mail: t.matsumoto@tokushima-u.ac.jp
Tel. +81-88-656-7374
Fax: +81-88-656-7374

ᶁᶐᵿᶁᶉᴾ

Fig. 1 S-N curves of uncoated samples & CrN coatings.
(Ti-6Al-4V
(Ti-6
6Al-4
4V alloy
alloy substrate)㻌
substrate)

Content:
Physical vapor deposition (PVD) coatings are well-known
surface treatment methods to improve the surface propertiesof various materials. PVD coatings generally show high wear
resistance, low coefficient of friction and seizure resistance.
Therefore, the coatings are widely used for tools etc.
Chromium nitride (CrN) film is one of the film materials toimprove wear and corrosion resistance.
The fatigue properties of the coatings are also changed by thedeposition of the hard thin film. The fatigue strength isimproved by depositing of hard thin films, however, thefatigue strength often degrades by depositing of the thin films
under inappropriate conditions.
We have examined the influence of the film properties on thefatigue and fretting fatigue properties of the coatings. In thisstudy, CrN films are deposited on steels and titanium alloy
under the various condition by arc ion plating (AIP) method.
As a result, we have clarified the fatigue strength level isdetermined by the crack initiation behavior which is related tothe hardness, grain size, surface morphology, defects etc.

Keywords: Surface Treatment, Physical Vapor Deposition,
Fatigue, Fracture, Wear.
(a) High bias voltage, ıa = 400
MPa, N = 1.5x105 cycles.

(b) Low bias voltage, ıa = 650
MPa, N = 4.0x105 cycles.

Fig. 2 Typical images of film surfaces after cyclic loading.

E-mail: yonekura@tokushima-u.ac.jp
Tel. +81-88-656-9186
Fax㻌 +81-88-656-9082

Fig. 1 Typical sources of cellulose (plant fibers) and chitin(crustacean shell) nanofibers

Fig. 2 Structural formula of cellulose or chitin. The only
difference is the functional group R

Fig. 3 SEM images of a single pulp fiber (left) andextracted nanofibers (right)

Content:
Cellulose is the most abundant biopolymer on earth, fromsustainable
resources,
biodegradable,
andphotosynthesized by fixing CO2 from the atmosphere.
Cellulose is mostly found in the cell wall of plant fibers in
the form of nanofibers. These tiny elements havemechanical properties similar to aramid fibers, with thepotential to reinforce plastics. The extraction, however,requires specialized equipment, has high energy
consumption but low yield, and therefore is costly. We
are developing alternative methods using affordable andlow energy input devices like kitchen blenders andultrasonicators. Since the mechanical process ofnanofibrillation is based on the application of impact andshear forces to break and fibrillate the cell wall of plantfibers, any mechanism to properly apply such forces has
the potential to extract cellulose nanofibers at a lower
cost.
Chitin is another abundant biopolymer present as
nanofibers in the exoskeleton of crustaceans, and can beextracted by the same methods as cellulose nanofibers.
Chitin nanofibers can also be used as reinforcement.
Keywords 䠖 cellulose, chitin, nanofiber, blender,
ultrasonication
E-mail: nakagaito@tokushima-u.ac.jp
Tel. +81-88-656-7364
㢦෗┿
Fax: +81-88-656-9082
䠄┬␎ྍ䠅
HP:http://pub2.db.tokushimau.ac.jp/ERD/person/227457/profile-en.html

ObjectᶁᶐᵿᶁᶉᴾᶁᶐᵿᶁᶉᴾἅὅἑἁἚɧᑣᴾ

Control
pointsIsogeometric Analysis
1.2
1.0
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0.6
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1

2

3

4

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NURBS Basis Functions

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Keywords䠖 CAE, Android OS, Isogeometric Analysis
E-mail: aoishi@tokushima-u.ac.jp>
Tel. +81-88-656-7365
Fax: +81-88-656-9082
HP : http://www.me.tokushima-u.ac.jp/~oishi

Potential / V vs. Li+/Lio

5.0

8

4.5

7

4.0

9

3.5

6
10

3.0
2.5
5

2.0
0

11

50

100 150 200 250
Capacity / mAh g-1

2nd cycle
300

350

Lithium Ion Battery
O K-edge

Normalized intensity / a.u.

1d_2.0V
2c_3.5V
2c_4.2V
2c_4.8V

コンタクト不良

Content:
Researches on the environmentally friendly-energy
conversion devices which achieves high-efficiency
energy conversion such as fuel cells, storage batteries
and solid-state lightings, with the goal of contributing to
the global environmental problems.
Our study is based on solid-state chemistry,thermodynamics, and electrochemistry. We are working
to elucidate the transportation dynamics of ions andelectrons, and the electronic/local structure using
spectroscopic techniques such as synchrotron radiation
X-rays in the solid oxides.
Web: https://www-me.ait231.tokushima-u.ac.jp/labs/moishi/

PFY

525

530

535

540

545

550

・ Li-rich layered oxide materials for the positiveelectrode in Lithium Ion Secondary Batteries.
・ Ionic transportation properties in Solid Oxide Fuel
Cells.
・Thermal stability of (oxy)nitride phosphors for WhiteLEDs and solid state lightings.

555

Photon energy / eVO K-edge XAS spectra
for Li2MnO3 electrode.

IV curves of SOFC cell at 800 C.

Keywords: Solid-statechemistry, Electrochemistry,
Secondary Battery, Fuel Cell, solid state lightings.
E-mail: ooishi.masatsugu@tokushima-u.ac.jp
Tel:+81-88-656-7367
HP:http://pub2.db.tokushimau.ac.jp/ERD/person/309265/profile-en.html
Solid state lighting.

Fig. 1 Pore formation in crack
cell membranes and nanoliposome formation. (Physical review letters 105 (1),018105, 2010, Scientific reports 6, 28164, 2016.)

Fig. 2 Mathematical modeling of pulmonary acinus andits strain fields under static inflation with surface
tension. (Computers in biology and medicine 62, 2532,2015, Clinical Biomechanics, in press, 2018)

Content: Various medical engineering techniques such as
ultrasound drug delivery systems, ventricular assist devices,and mechanical ventilation, have been developed andavailable these days. In such medical engineering techniques,
non-physiological and non-equilibrium phenomena occur invivo regardless of intention. For example, in drug delivery
systems using physical methods (e.g., sound or electric fields),
physical actions cause a non-equilibrium phenomenon of
temporary permeability change in a cell membrane in an
attempt to control pharmacokinetics intentionally. On the other
hand, blood circulation pumps used for artificial heart andlithotripsy surgery using extracorporeal shock wave may
induce erythrocyte membranes rupture, mechanical hemolysis,as blood is exposed to a non-physiological environment, e.g.
high shear flows. Also, in mechanical ventilation, lung damage
called ventilator-induced lung injury (VILI) may occur without
appropriate settings of ventilation protocols. Physicians do notwant to encounter these phenomena as much as possible
when using medical engineering technology. The purpose of
our study is numerically to understand the non-physiologicaland non-equilibrium phenomena occurring in living organisms
associated with various medical engineering technologies tounderlie the validity, safety, and efficiency of the technology.
Our approaches are non-equilibrium molecular dynamics
simulations, mathematical modeling of biological systems
based on optimization, and mechanical analysis.

Keywords：Molecular Dynamics, Mathematical Modeling
E-mail: Koshiyama@tokushima-u.ac.jp
Tel. +81-88-656-9187
Fax: +81-88-656-9187
HP :https://sites.google.com/site/drkklab/

crackMicorodevices fabricatedon the cover slip

Micorodevices arefabricated on the 35mm
glass bottom dishMagnified image of a cell
stretching microdevice

Fluorescent image ofbone forming cell
osteoslast

Content:
we developed a novel cell stretching microdevice toobserve the initial cellular response to stretching
deformation. Cells change their activities by sensing
mechanical stimuli such as force or deformation.
With using a conventional cell-stretching device, thecellular responses that slowly arise (ex. in minutes, hours,
days) after the application of stretch was observed. One
factor that hinders the in situ observation of cellularresponse to stretching is the existence of large rigid
displacement during the stretch. This rigid displacement
makes it difficult to observe the initial cellular response to
stretch with high spatial and temporal resolution.
A novel MEMS device consists of a transparent elastic
microchamber and a microlinkage mechanism. To
miniaturize the cell stretching chamber enables tominimize rigid displacement during stretching operation.
This device can be used to observe and evaluate theinitial cellular response and microstrain field on a cell
membrane during uniaxial stretching.

Keywords ： <Cell Biomechanics, Bone Remodeling,
Regenerative Medicine, MEMS, Mechanical Stimuli>
E-mail: katsuyas@tokushima-u.ac.jp>
Tel. +81-88-656-2168
Fax: +81-88-656-2168
HP : http://www.me.tokushima-u.ac.jp/aaelab/

Fig.1 Inline agricultural water Fig.2 Experimental apparatusᶁᶐᵿᶁᶉᴾ

Fig.3 Blade-to-blade flow

Fig.4 PIV result

Fig.5 Wake from propeller turbine

Fig.6 rotor

Fig.7 Internal flowof pumpFig.8 Outlet velocity
distribution of pumpContent᧶Turbomachinery is used wide variety of field of
renewable energy, medical and industrial pumps and soon. The targets of our research are to achieve
downsizing, high efficiency, high pressure, low noise ofturbomachinery based on the experiment. In addition tothat, we will try to clarify the internal flow ofturbomachinery by using CFD, visualization and PIV andpropose the performance prediction method and design
guideline based on the internal flow.
Research on renewable energy(1) Small cross-flow wind turbine for urban district, (2)Inline pico hydroturbine for agricultural water and small
scale water supply system, (3) Propeller turbine for
agricultural water, small river and tidal current

Research on turbomachinery for achieving highperformance(4) Contra-rotating turbomachinery, (5) Thruster for ship,(6) Research on Industrial pump to improve
performance, (7) Small pump for medical and coolingdevises, (8) Research on fluid food pump
Keywords䠖Fluid dynamics,
Fluid machinery, CFD
E-mail: t-shige@tokushima-u.ac.jp
Tel. +81-88-656-9742
Fax: +81-88-656-9082
HP : http://power14.me.tokushima-u.ac.jp/kikai/㻌MirrorGas Sampling Probe
Camera200

1000

Thermocouple
A’

A
z

x

ᶁᶐᵿᶁᶉᴾ'L
A-A’(unit: mm)
Spray Nozzle

Thermocouple

Oxidizer Nozzle

Fig. 1 HiTAC furnace.

Fig. 2 Temperature
distribution in HiTAC furnace.

Fig. 3 Effects of properties of preheated oxidizer andnozzle distance on NOx emission.

Content:
To date, various combustion technologies based on
dilution with burned gases have been developed to allow
further reductions of NOx and soot emissions and to
improve the thermal efficiency of furnace systems. These
technologies are referred to as MILD combustion in Italy,
flameless oxidation in Germany and high temperature air
combustion (HiTAC) in Japan.
We focus on the flame stability and NOx emission
characteristics of high temperature air combustion withliquid fuels. Figure 1 shows schematics of a HiTAC
furnace used in our studies. The furnace has a parallel
jet burner incorporating a central spray nozzle andoxidizer nozzles with electric heaters for preheating
oxidizers. As shown in Fig. 2, in this furnace, a MILD
combustion state with a uniform temperature distribution
can be reproduced even in the laboratory-scale furnace.
We investigate effects of nozzle distance between sprayand oxidizer nozzles on NOx emission characteristics asshown in Fig. 3.
Keywords䠖combustion, NOx emission, flame stability
E-mail: ynada@tokushima-u.ac.jp
Tel. +81-88-656-7370
Fax: +81-88-656-9124
HP :http://www.me.tokushima-u.ac.jp/pel/english/e-index.html

(a) Tool shape(b) Tool headFig. 1 Schematic drawing of designed tool
crack

Tool
Chip

Workpiece
Fig. 2 Observation ofchip removal
Fig. 3 Appearance of drilled hole
Drilling time sec

500
400
300
200
100
0
Step method

Non-step method

Fig. 4 Comparison of drilling time between
step and non-step method

Content:
The aim of this study is the establishment of high drilling
quality, high drilling efficiency and low drilling cost in
through-hole drilling of hard and brittle material using anelectroplated diamond tool. During drilling, the chipping is
generated at the entrance side and the exit side of thematerial. In addition, chip generated is easy to adhere to
the tool. By the adhered chip, the tool is damaged andthe material is broken. In this study, we examined
effectiveness of designed tool to improve chip removal inorder to carry out crack-free drilling of the material.
Figure 1 shows the image of the tool designed. The tool
is composed of a cylindrical body and a hemisphereshape with two straight planes. The tool has the following
advantages compared to common tools.
(1) Chip adhered on the tool is little(Fig. 2).
(2) Drilling is possible without a backing plate(Fig. 3).
(3) Drilling time is shorter(Fig. 4).
(4) Drilling cost is cheaper.
Keywords：electroplated diamond tool, high quality,
high efficiency
E-mail: a-mizobuchi@tokushima-u.ac.jp
Tel. +81-88-656-9741
Fax: +81-88-656-9741
HP : http://www.me.tokushima-u.ac.jp/mpsl/

Arbitrary Attitude Hovering Control

crack

コンタクト不良

Inverted Bicopter
Using Thrust Vectoring

Aerial / Under Water Vehicle

Content:
The performance of UAV (unmanned aerial vehicle) is
improving by the performance gain of MEMS sensors,
magnet, and battery technology. UAV takes the place ofthe real aircraft in proportion to improve the flight control
technology. Because, the operation cost of the R/C
single helicopter is lower than the actual one. In addition,required heliport size is smaller than that of actual one.
However, there is a possibility of accidents such as
contact and crashed due to maneuver or operation error.
Moreover, rotor and propeller as thrust device are
dangerous in such case. So we have been conducting
research and development on thrust vectoring
technology to operate UAV safely.
Currently, we present a tilt-rotor multicopter, inverted
bicopter using thrust vectoring to improve UAV safety
Additionally, we study about the operation of multicopterby the center of gravity shift of the humanoid robot on it
in order to develop a new personal mobility based on
multicopter technology, also aerial / under water vehicle.

Keywords：<UAV, Thrust vectoring, External control>E-mail: <miw@tokushima-u.ac.jp>
Tel. +81-88-656-7387
Fax: +81-88-656-9082
HP : http://me.me.tokushima-u.ac.jp/~miw
Multicopter Operation
by COG Shift

Attitude Control ofManned Multicopter

CFRP, Concrete structure etc.
Halogen lamp, Laser,
Induction heating, etc.

ObjectIR Camera

crack

Heater

PC(Thermal, Phase image)Fig. 1 Schematic illustration of infrared thermographic testing.

A delamination defectcaused by impact loading(invisible from the surface)
CFRP specimen

FFT
Thermal image

 About Infrared Thermographic Testing
Infrared thermographic non-destructive testing is an effective
and convenient inspection method because it is a non-contact
testing method and can inspect large area in shorter time. In
this method, surface of a test object is heated andtemperature distribution after heating is monitored by an
infrared camera (Fig.1). When there are some inhomogeneity
inside the object, heat flow from the surface is disturbed bythem and such a disturbance causes irregular temperature
distributions on the surface. By detecting these irregulartemperature areas, inside defects can be identified.

 Research
We are studying: To improve defect detectability.
use phase images constructed by applying
Fourier transform to thermal data (see Fig. 2).
 To develop more effective inspection system.
developing remote heating systems using highpower halogen lamps or scanning laser to inspectlarge structures (such as concrete bridges orlarge composite structures) located 10-20 m fromobserver.

Keywords： Non-destructive testing,Infrared thermography
Phase image

Fig. 2 Comparison of thermal and phase images obtained
from experiment for a CFRP specimen with a delamination.

E-mail: m.ishikawa@tokushima-u.ac.jp
Tel. +81-88-656-7358
Fax: +81-88-656-9082

(a) AR marker.
ᶁᶐᵿᶁᶉᴾ

Fig.1 Scene ofexperiments.

(b) QR code.
Fig.2 Captured images and LED
panel detection.

Fig.3 Corrected pattern images.

Content:
㻌 This study discusses the method to transmit the informationby the LED panel and the video camera as one of the visible
light communication. Here, we use the AR marker, QR andmicro QR codes as 2D patterns to display on the LED panel,and propose the method to distinguish them automatically.
In the experiment, we use the video camera equipped on theradio controlled helicopter, and extract the information in the
LED pattern images and estimate altitude from the LED panelby the captured images.
From the results of experiments, almost AR markers can be
distinguished accurately, and the discrimination rate of the
micro QR code patterns is more than 50%. But, the QR code
patterns can not be discriminated. To realize the highdiscrimination rate of the QR and micro QR codes, it isnecessary to improve the configuration of the LED panel.
Moreover, to develop the flight control system of thehelicopter it is also necessary to reduce the processing time.

Keywords䠖visual light communication, LED panel, ARmarker, QR code, flight assist
E-mail: ukida@tokushima-u.ac.jp
Tel. +81-88-656-9448
Fax: +81-88-656-9082
HP : http://www-cv.me.tokushima-u.ac.jp/

AlN Film

Content:
㻌 Coating is one of the surface modification technology.
The mechanical properties of materials is improved bycoating the film which has different mechanicalproperties. However, residual stresses occur in the film
because of difference in lattice spacing and thermal
expansion coefficient between the film and the substrate.
Significant residual stress may lead to micro-cracking or
cause the film to peel from the substrate. Therefore,
measurement and control of residual stress is crucial forthe synthesis of mechanically stable films.
㻌 It is possible to measure the residual stress of the films
non-destructively using the X-ray diffraction method. As
typical results, we proposed the stress measurement
method for the c-axis oriented films such as AlN, GaN,
and ZnO film. Our research target is to obtain highquality films which have high crystalline and small
residual stress.

Cu filmᶁᶁᶐᵿᶁᶉᴾᶐὅᵿἑᶁἁᶉ ἚɧᑣἅὅἑἁἚɧᑣᴾἅ

Quartzsubstrate㻯㼡㻛㻭㼘㻺㻌䠓ᒙ㻯㼡㻛㻭㼘㻺䠓ᒙ㻝㻜㻜㻜㻿㼠㼞㼑㼟㼟㻌 㻘㻌 㻹㻼㼍㻡㻜㻜surfaceinterface

㻜
㻙㻡㻜㻜
㻙㻝㻜㻜㻜
㻙㻝㻡㻜㻜
㻙㻞㻜㻜㻜
㻙㻞㻡㻜㻜
㻙㻟㻜㻜㻜
㻜

㻜㻚㻜㻝

㻜㻚㻜㻞

㻜㻚㻜㻟

㻜㻚㻜㻠

㻜㻚㻜㻡

㻜㻚㻜㻢

㻜㻚㻜㻣

㻼㼛㼟㼕㼠㼕㼛㼚㻌㻘㻌㼙㼙Fig.1. Internal stress of Cu layersin AlN/Cu multi-layers film

Keywords䠖X-ray diffraction, residual stress measurement,
PVD film
E-mail: kusaka@tokushima-u.ac.jp
Tel.㻌 +81-88-656-9442
Fax: +81-88-656-9082

Solar power satellite

Laser oscillation unit

Laser beamᶁᶐᵿᶁᶉᴾ

Heat sink© JAXA© JAXA

Laser beamContent:
Space solar power system (SSPS) is the concept ofstable power supply system, which collects solar powerand generates electric energy in space for use on earth.
Today, no prospect of actually using SSPS has yet
emerged because of its technical challenges but practicaluse in near future is expected. In SSPS, two types ofenergy transmitting technique from solar-power satellite
to Earth's surface are planned. One uses laser beamemitting, the other uses microwave wireless transmission.
In particular in former system (Laser-beam type SSPS :L-SSPS), it is important that the cooling of laser diodes
on space photovoltaic module and the design of beamcollector on surface, which converts from high energy
density laser beam to electric power.
Our purpose is to estimate and analyze the heat balanceof PV/LD joint module, and design an optical heat sinkdimension or the arrangement of individual device.
Furthermore, new PV and solar thermal energy (STE)
combined system for surface laser beam collector isbeing developed for high efficiency energy conversion.
Keywords䠖

Surface energy
conversion plant© JAXA

space based solar power,radiative heat transfer,
PV/STE combined system
E-mail: kusano@tokushima-u.ac.jp
Tel. +81-88-656-2181
Fax: +81-88-656-9082

Coal power generation

Steam Turbine (exj-power.co.jp

crack
Extraction&
Analysis

Just in service

10 h after

Particle size?
Number density?
How aligned?
Shape?
Degradation?
Figure Examples of an usage of Nibased alloy and analysis on timedependence of its microstructure.

100 h after

200nm

Content: We are tying to unclear the mechanism of γ′morphology (shape, distribution and other characteristicsof γ′ precipitates) in Ni-based alloys.
Ni-based alloys are famous as a structural material athigh temperature such as power generators and jetengines, whose microstructure are dramatically changing
in service as shown in left figures. γ′ precipitates makethe alloy strong and its morphologies should affect theperformance. We are trying to understand and control
them through following approaches.
① Simple alloy system and special experimentconditions were carefully selected to extract the key
factor of γ′ morphologies. It is just for understanding
mechanism of γ′ morphologies directly.
② The imaging process to evaluate the γ′ morphologies
is being developed due to the difficulties of
explanation and discovery of them. The Ni-based
alloys are ones of the most simple 2 phase alloy,
which is desirable as a model case of “computing
microstructure quality management”.
Keywords：Ni-based alloy, precipitation
morphology, gamma prime phase
E-mail: hisazawa.hiromu@tokushima-u.ac.jp
Tel.: +81-88-656-7361
Fax: +81-88-6569082