Environmental Monitoring Center Shenyang City

Plan to Improve Air Quality in Shenyang City- Blue Sky Project

Main Content

Section 1 Air quality and sources of pollution

Section 2 Aims of the Blue Sky Project

Section 3 Key tasks of the Blue Sky Project

Section 4 Conclusions

Section 1 Air quality and sources of pollution(1) Overview of air quality

Section 1(2) Analysis of the causes of air pollution

(1) Overview of air quality
Located in the North East of China, Shengyang is a large-scale industrial city with fairly
serious air pollution, caused by factors such as industrial manufacture and coal-fired heating.
Following several years of intensive restructuring, air quality in Shenyang has significantly
improved in response to key environmental projects including dismantling of chimneys,
control of coal pollution, relocation of pollution sources, modification of facilities causing
emissions, and development of clean energy resources such as electricity and gas.

(1) Overview of air quality
From 2001 to 2012, air quality improved significantly, with PM10, SO2 and NO2
concentrations decreasing year by year. In 2013, new environmental air quality
standards were implemented, which introduced monitoring tests for PM2.5, CO, and O3
and more stringent limits for PM10 and NO2. At the same time, adverse factors such aschanges in the atmosphere and abnormal climatic conditions caused the frequency ofsmog, primarily consisting of the pollutants PM2.5 and PM10, in Shengyang to increase.
This poses new issues and challenges for Shengyang’s air pollution control.
Distribution of smog days
across China in 2013

Legend(Unit: Days)> 100
70 - 100
50 - 70
30 - 50
10 - 30
1 - 10<1

China Environmental Report 20132

(2) Analysis of the causes of air pollution
2. Outdated heating
methods and pollution
control facilities

1. Excessively rapid increasein coal burning; relativelysmall use of clean energy

3. The number ofmotor vehicles iscontinuouslyincreasing

5. Localized
atmospheric pollution
is prominent

4. Dust pollution

(2) Analysis of the causes of air pollution

1. Excessively rapid increase in coal burning; relatively small use of clean energy
Shenyang is a key industrial city in the North East region. The winter heating period lasts 5
months, industrial production and heating primarily rely on coal burning, and clean energy use
only accounts for 46%.

Clean energy 46%

Coal burning 54%

JanFebMar

AprMayJunJulAug

SepOctNovDec2

(2) Analysis of the causes of air pollution

2. Outdated heating methods and pollution control facilities
Although Shenyang provides district heating to 92% of the city area, there are still over
2,000 small boilers with outdated dust extraction and desulfurization facilities, making it
impossible to achieve the pollutant removal efficiency that current air pollution controls
demand.

Smallboilers

Districtheating

8%
Over 2,000

(2) Analysis of the causes of air pollution

3. The number of motor vehicles is continuously increasing
The number of motor vehicles in the city has increased dramatically from over 200,000
in the year 2000 to 1.56 million, of which nearly 100,000 are “yellow label vehicles”(heavy polluters) that are the major source of PM2.5 and city smog.

1.56 million vehicles
The number ofmotor vehicles

200,000vehicles

Smog

100,000
yellow labelvehicles

(2) Analysis of the causes of air pollution

4. Dust pollution
Over recent years, there has been more construction projects in the city, leading to anincrease in dust emissions. The frequency and area of cleaning with water for the mainroads is relatively small, and dust accounts for over 20% of total particle pollution.

Dust 20%

Source ofparticles

(2) Analysis of the causes of air pollution

5. Localized atmospheric pollution is prominent
Shenyang is at the center of the Shenyang Economic Zone, and neighboring cities suchas Anshan, Fushun, Liaoyang, Benxi and Tieling have an increasingly significant effecton the air quality in Shenyang. A coordinated regional response is needed.

Section 2 Aims of the Blue Sky Project(1) Overall concept

Section 2(2) Specific measures

Aims(3) Overall targets

(1) Overall concept of the Blue Sky Project

New issues
Government
regulations

Marketadjustments

Comprehensive
promotionKey
breakthroughs

Regional
cooperation

Local
management

Reduction in total
emissionsImprovements inquality

Governmental
guidance

Corporate
implementation

Market drive

Publicparticipation

By region

By phase

Overallrequirements

New pollution
controlmechanisms

Implementationof measures

Issues(2) Specific measures

For demolition

Peacefulliving&happy
working

Convertcoal tonatural gas

1. Remove the network of boilers
less than 20 tons; increase use ofclean energy such as electricity
and gas; significantly reduce coalconsumption across the city

5. Increase the numberof natural gas stations
to 120; replace allremaining yellow label
vehicles; promote clean
oil products

2. Rebuilding of all shanty
areas across the city

Blue SkyProject

4. Conduct mechanizedcleaning of streets gradedlevel two and above to
reduce dust pollution

Rebuildshantyareas

3. Improvement andmodification of smoke
treatment facilities forcoal-fired boilers

Road cleaning2(3) Overall targets

To effectively control smog by 2017. To reduce particle (PM2.5) concentrations in the city
by 20% or more in comparison to 2014.

Section 3 Key tasks of the Blue Sky Project(1) Control the total consumption of energy resources

Section 3
Key tasks(2) Complete removal of the network and shanty areas(3) Strengthen pollution control(4) Develop monitoring capability

(1) Control the total consumption of energy resources
1. Implement clean energy projects
Vigorously promote the research and development of energy conservation projects andpromote their implementation. Increase the proportion of heating by clean energy
resources such as geothermal, solar, and electric power. Restructure energy use toeffectively control total energy consumption. By the year 2017, implement non coal-fired,clean energy projects, complete conversion of 110 600-ton plants to clean energy, andincrease the number of natural gas stations to 120.

110
plantsConvert toWind powerindustries

Geothermal
industries
Gas tank

Biomass
industries

Methane power
generationindustries

600 tons

Solar photovoltaicindustries

New energyautomobile industries

(1) Control the total consumption of energy resources
2. Promote the decommission and relocation of key polluting firms
Formulate policies to strictly control market access for companies with high energy
consumption and high level of pollution. Research and formulate new energy conservation
standards, and develop a decommissioning mechanism for the “Double High” (high energy
consumption and high level of pollution) industries and surplus production. Optimize industrial
structure, increase decommissioning for outdated industries such as thermal power stations
and cement, petroleum and plate glass manfacturers.
Decommission outdated
production facilities

Strictly control the“Double High" industries
Conserve
energy, reduce
emissions

Pollutingfirms

Outdated
production facilities

(2) Complete removal of the network and shanty areas
3. Vigorously implement removal of the network of small coal-fired boilers
Fully implement removal of the network, formulate a plan for the removal of small coalboilers, and gradually promote a scientific combustion method for heating provision toincrease energy efficiency. Complete removal of the network of coal-fired boilers of lessthan 20 tons by 2017; heating to be provided by 51 large scale thermal plants anddecentralized clean energy facilities in the city by 2020.

Smallcoalboilers

(2) Complete removal of the network and shanty areas

4. Launch the project to remove shanty areas
Vigorously implement removal of shanty areas, eliminate low-lying pollution. Complete
rebuilding of 170 shanty areas within three years.

Rebuild 170 areas

(3) Strengthen pollution control
5. Implement projects to ensure coal-fired boilers hit targets
Decommissioning for outdated industries such as small-scale cement and construction material
manufacturers will be increased. Introduce more stringent emission standards for power generationindustries and launch upgrade projects. Introduce high-efficiency dust extraction and desulfurization
upgrades to coal-fired boilers and formulate plans for upgrading flue gas purification facilities. By theend of 2017, a plan to upgrade standards of dust extraction and desulfurization/denitration for large
scale coal-fired boilers will be completed.
Upgrade and modify
300 coal-fired boilers
Wet-type desulfurization facility
Bag-type dust
(electric) collectorDust andgas
transport
facility

BoilerAshextractor
Depositflushingwater

External transfer
of coal dust

Desulfurized
water

Mixer

Causticsoda
cylinderPollutantextractor

Causticsoda cart

Slurrymachine

Limecylinder

Lime truck

Settling tankHighconcentration
alkaline liquid
Alkaline NaOH water
Developed by Anhui Jinsenyuan Environmental,
Anti-corrosive
this process consists of a bag-type dust collector (electrical dust collector)
pump
and a high-efficiency wet-type desulfurization facility. The process uses themixture of two types of alkaline (caustic soda and sodium carbonate) as an
SO2 absorber (alkaline waste can also be used as an SO2 absorber).

Oxidization andrecycling tank

Externaltransfer ofash deposits

PH adjustment
tank

Pressure andfilter apparatus

Liquidrecyclepump(3) Strengthen pollution control

6. Construct green roads, remove yellow label vehicles
The city has already created a green road zone, which prohibits entry of yellow label vehicles, within
the city’s Second Ring Road. In the coming two years, the removal of yellow label vehicles will becompleted, and public transport vehicles will be converted to run on gas, all of which will effectively
reduce emissions from automobiles and improve air quality in the city.

Restriction
on times

Eco-friendly
green roads

Restriction
on access(3) Strengthen pollution control
7. Accelerate the modification of oil vapor recycling control
Implement national stage IV standards for combustion powered cars, provide petroleum
and diesel that meet national IV standards. Accelerate the modification of facilities thatrecycle oil vapor in current gas stations, depots, and trucks. Basically complete all
modification projects for oil vapor recycling and establish a monitoring system for oil
product quality by the end of 2017.

National
standard V
Sulfurconcentration inpetroleum anddiesel 10 ppm

National
standard III
Sulfurconcentration inpetroleum 150
ppm
Sulfurconcentration indiesel 350 ppm

National
standard IV
Sulfurconcentration inpetroleum anddiesel 50 ppm

Upgrade schedule Stage IV automobile
petroleum standards
transition period by theend of 2013
 Stage IV automobile diesel
standards transition periodby the end of 2014
 Stage IV standards on
automobile petroleum anddiesel to be rolled out in2015
 Stage V automobile
petroleum and diesel
standards transition periodby the end of 2017
 Stage V automobile
petroleum and diesel
standards to be rolled out
in 2018

Graph: Lin Congming

(3) Strengthen pollution control
8. Strengthen the management of dust pollution
Develop dust control monitoring systems for the city in which responsibility is shared between thelocal government (who will take overall responsibility) and the various departments (who will taketheir own respective responsibilities) and which contain mechanisms and working patterns that
promote cooperation. Create a new monitoring system for dust management that combines publicparticipation and supervision by public opinion. Formulate dust management measures forconstruction sites, increase mechanized cleaning for main roads, and promote wet cleaning methods.

Cover exposed earth

Spray water

(4) Develop monitoring capability
9. Improve automatic atmospheric monitoring and forecasting
Establish monitoring stations for air quality that cover the entire city to fully respond to
air quality in our city. Improve air quality forecast and early warning capabilities.
Formulate, improve and promptly implement contingency plans that appropriately
respond to heavily polluted weather.

Distribution map of air quality monitoring
stations in Shenyang City

Stations operated by thenational government
Stations operated by themunicipal government
Stations for comparison
Heat source

LegendConstructed area as of2012
Note: Constructed area as of 2012is 455 square kilometers.

(4) Develop monitoring capability
10. Develop online monitoring capability
Ensure that the current system that monitors emissions of atmospheric pollutants isworking properly. Large scale thermal plants to be retained in future will be integrated
into the online monitoring system. Achieve modern management, promote coal-fired fluegas emission standards, and improve monitoring of coal-fired boilers.

Sampling
Online analyzer- Dilution- Dry extraction- Heated wet extraction- Flow velocity, pressure,temperatureParticle
concentration
measuring

Portable analyzer

Sampling

Software data
management LAN-WAN
Analytical instruments- Relevant gas filtering- UV fluorescence- Chemiluminescence
Communication- Ion flame test
- UV absorbancecable- Fourier transform- Non-heated- Heated FID- Heated chemiluminescence - Heated- Dilution- Dry extraction- Heated wet extraction- Flow velocity, pressure,temperature

Air purification

Power supply and station housing
Portable system

Section 4 Conclusions
You have seen the plan for improving air quality in our city, Blue Sky Project. We
sincerely hope that the experts here can provide their valued opinions andrecommendations to assist us in better controlling pollution and improving theenvironment.
Improving the air quality in Shenyang is the duty of all environmental workers, and ourgovernment is currently increasing its investment and support for this work. As
environmental workers, we will learn from the successful experiences of other nations,use advanced technology, and spare no efforts to improve the air quality in Shenyang.

 Environmental Monitoring Center Shenyang CityThank you
for your attention!