Dr. Tsogtbaatar GANZORIG
DrColonel, Deputy Chief
National Emergency Management Agency(NEMA) of Mongolia

SNOWPACK AND DZUDIn the zone of Forest and Steppe in Mongolia, the snowpack
covers about 20th of November and it melts down in the middleof March. However, in the Steppe Zone, snowpack covers at theend of November,
November and at the Altai Mountains and Gobi Zone
this process starts at the middle of November. The snowpack isremoved about 20th of January and in the Gobi Zone at thebeginning of February. The stable snowpack is not covered inth Gobi
theG bi Zone.
ZSince over the 40s of last century, the total territory ofMongoliag
was affected byy the Dzud in 1944-1945,, andmore that 3 of 4 was affected in 1954-1955, 2000-2001,
2002-2003 and 2009-2010. The severe Dzud which covers
more that 50 percent of total territory has been experincedat 1956-1957,
1956 1957 1967-1968,
1967 1968 1999-2000,
1999 2000 2001-2002
2001 2002 and2004-2005.
In Mongolian language the term "Dzud" describes anatural disaster that occurs in winter and spring season
and represents risks to human /local livestock herders/
and livestock /domesticated animal/ population. Dzudis a complex phenomena that is mainly caused bynaturall elementslwhichhi h reduce
daccess to grazing,ithushnegatively impacting the food security of livestockand human populations.

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DZUD FREQUENCY MAP

Geographic Spread of the White Dzud [Natsagdorj Dulamsuren 2001]

According to this Dzud Frequency Map the Dzud occurs at the Tes River Valley
once an every
y2yyears, at the highland
gareas of Khangai,
g Khentii, Khankhökhii,
Kharkhiraa and Turgen once an every 3 years, and Altai, Khangai, Khuvsguland Khentii Mountains and Dornod steppe area once to twice an every 10years.
2

Th main
Thei reasons off 2009-20102009 2010 "Dzud""D d" are as ffollows:llDroughtg (approximately( ppy 70 p
percent of all
the territory was dominated by theDrought)
Heavy Snowfall

Extremely Low Temperature

Strong Wind3

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PREPARATION AND PREPAREDNESS• The Emergency Management Service of Mongolia carry out
the Search and Rescue Operations with 24 Rescue Units which
is located at the local areas and the capital city of Ulaanbaatar
as well as 460 professional rescuers. The technical capacity ofthese unit are 57 off road vehicles, 27 Satellite Iridium MobilePhones, 407 low frequency mobile radios and 104 GPSs.

52009 2010 DZUD ASSESSMENT
2009-2010

Severe Disaster• 80 soums of15aimags

Dzud• 86 soums of 14
aimagsNearlyy Dzud
• 75 soums of 11
aimags6

THE ACTIVITIES CONDUCTED
GOM

Foreigncountries

UNDonation• Government of Mongolia 6.813.600.000
6 813 600 000• Russia, China, Turkey, Japan 27.659.000.000• International Inter Governmental Organizations andUnitedNations
Ued Nao s Agencies
ge c es 10.950.000.000
0.950.000.000• From the foreign countries 9.500.000
9 500 000
• Form civilians and private companies 818.200.000
7DZUD LOSS
95,500 herderhouseholds of 175
soums fromf18
aimags, was affected
byy the Dzud.

Approximately 90 percent
off totall livestockli
k wasaffected by the Dzud.

At the national level the total
number of livestock wasreduced 9.7 million and thetotall losslamount isi 526
trillion togrogs.
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GOVERNMENT RESOLUTION NUMBER 286“WhiteNearlNearlyDzud”“WhiteWhiteDzud”“BlackNearlyDzud”“Black Dzud”
D d”“IronIron and IceDzud”

9

98 soums of 18 aimags affected by“White Dzud”, 111 soums of 20aimags affcted by “White NearlyDzud”..
Dzud

10

DZUD ASSESSMENT“White“WhitDzud”• 50 soumsof 16aimags“White“WhitNearlyDzud”• 120
soums of20 aimags
i“WhiteNearlyDzud”
111 soums of20 aimags“WhiteDzud”
98 soums off
18 aimags

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55,957,6

Nummber ofLiveestock

149735Extremmely Poor
Housseholds

209

Disaabilities339

The chilldren aged
undder 0-5

TOTALLY 21
AIMAGS
Pregnannt Women

Total nnumber of heerderhouseholds
hThe total
numberoflivestockHerder HHouseholds

Name ofAimag
The nuumberof Souums
affectedd by Nearly D
DzudNoTo
otal Soums

DZUD RISK ASSESSMENT
The number of people who are living in the areas with heavy
snowfall

62719
3340
28290
6004
5009
23783

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Government Resolution number 480, 2015
VehiclesHay and Forage

2 681 155 000 togrogs
2.681.155.000

Socials Welfare Service

1.800.000.000 togrogs
Totally 4.481.155.000 togrogs
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