[REPORT]FINDINGS FROMQUESTIONNAIRE SURVEY ON
IMPLEMENTATION OF HFA TO
THE ADRC MEMBERCOUNTRIESKiyoshi Natori
Executive Director
Asian Disaster Reduction CenterOUTLINE OF QUESTIONNAIRESURVEY• Objectives: to identify major challenges/

constraints for promoting each HFA’s Priorities forAction and share major achievement/ goodpractices for discussion in the ACDR2014.

• Target: ADRC Member Countries• Survey Period: January – February 2014
• Answers to the questionnaires collected from:Armenia, Bangladesh, Bhutan, Cambodia, India,Indonesia, Iran, Japan, Kazakhstan, Kyrgyz
Republic, Lao PDR, Malaysia, Nepal, Pakistan,Singapore, Sri Lanka, Thailand, Tajikistan, Viet Nam,and Yemen (20 countries)

SOME SIMPLE ANALYSIS:NUMBER, KILLED PERSONS ANDECONOMIC DAMAGE PER YEAR CAUSEDBY NATURAL DISASTERS
400350300
250200

Economic Damage

100

billion USD/yr

450

Killed Persons
thousand persons/yr

Events/yr

Number
9080
70

5080

100

2050

1000

preHFA(1995-2004)

Asia
HFA(2005-12)1201006030

World1406040150

16040200World

preHFA(1995-2004)

Asia

WorldHFA(2005-12)

preHFA(1995-2004)

AsiaHFA(2005-12)

Source: ADRC, based on EM-DATPRIORITY FOR ACTION 1
Ensuring that disaster risk reduction is a national
and local priority with a strong institutional basis forimplementation.

2%
17%
27%

6%

6%

Comprehensive achievement
has been attained, with thecommitment and capacities
to sustain efforts at all levels

19%

33%
48%
42%

WorldAsia and the Pacific

Substantial achievement has
been attained, but with somerecognised deficiencies incommitment, financial
resources or operational
capacities
There is some commitment
and capacities to achieving
DRR but progress is notsubstantial

Achievements have been
made but are relatively small
or incomplete, and while
improvements are planned,
the commitment andcapacities are limited

Source: [World] UNISDR, May 2013, “Implementation of the Hyogo Framework for Action - Summary of reports 2007-2013”[Asia and the Pacific] UNISDR Asia Pacific, 2013, “The Hyogo Framework for Action in Asia and the Pacific 2011–2013”

PRIORITY FOR ACTION 1:
ISSUES AND CHALLENGES•Consensus on the necessity for legal and policy
frameworks for DRR was created and the substantial
work has been done to establish such frameworks inmany countries. While, the frameworks require
additional resources and organizations for becomingoperational.

•Many countries described that lack of financial andhuman resources make the realization of policy difficult.

•Establishment of national platform for multistakeholders’ forum was realized in many countries,
however, overlapping of works and lack ofcoordination remains among the challenges.

•National level capacity has been increasing, while thedecentralization and/or capacity enhancement at
local level has not been fully ensured.

PRIORITY FOR ACTION 1:
GOOD PRACTICES•A Task Force was constituted for review of the DM Act(India).

•Financial resources for realization of priority actions in
DRR was stipulated in budget programs and built into
republican and local budgets (Kazakhstan).

•The Sixth Five Year Plan (SFYP) makes specificrecommendation to consider disaster risks in sectoralplans and investments (Bangladesh).

•Initiation of the ‘Making Cities Resilient – My City isGetting Ready!’ campaign encouraged the DRR efforts
at local level (Malaysia).

•Establishment of an executive secretariat to follow theimplementation of the HFA at a national level (Iran).

PRIORITY FOR ACTION 2
Identify, assess and monitor disaster risks andenhance early warning.
Comprehensive achievement
has been attained, with thecommitment and capacities
to sustain efforts at all levels

3%
2%

6%

16%
32%

17%
36%

44%
44%

World

Asia and the Pacific

Substantial achievement has
been attained, but with somerecognised deficiencies incommitment, financial
resources or operational
capacities
There is some commitment
and capacities to achieving
DRR but progress is notsubstantialAchievements have been
made but are relatively smallor incomplete, and while
improvements are planned,
the commitment andcapacities are limited

Source: [World] UNISDR, May 2013, “Implementation of the Hyogo Framework for Action - Summary of reports 2007-2013”[Asia and the Pacific] UNISDR Asia Pacific, 2013, “The Hyogo Framework for Action in Asia and the Pacific 2011–2013”

PRIORITY FOR ACTION 2:
ISSUES AND CHALLENGES•

Implementing risk assessments for critical infrastructuresuch as hospitals and schools has gradually proceeded,
however, nation-wide implementation is still limited,
especially weak in the rural area. Also, the result of theassessment has not been effectively utilized in policy
making.

•Establishment of observation/monitoring system isincreasing. While, systematic sharing of the information
among relevant agencies are still limited.

•Early warning system has been established in many
countries, however, the prompt dissemination of theinformation to the grass-root level remains as challenges
due to the constrains of infrastructure development(internet network/ power supply, etc.)•Cooperation for regional and trans-boundary risk
assessment is still limited. Poor coordination between therelevant local authorities and overlapping of
responsibilities are recognized.

PRIORITY FOR ACTION 2:
GOOD PRACTICES•

Cyclone Preparedness Program (CPP) covered wide
areas of country and contributed to strengthening of
capacity for early warning and evacuation atcommunity level (Bangladesh).

•Centralized system of civil protection warning andwarning system used SMS (Kazakhstan)•

A National Working Group on Risk Assessments has
been established comprising of all key stakeholders forstandardization, data sharing, collaboration andavoiding duplication. (Pakistan)•National Emergency Operation Plan (NEOP) wasdeveloped with Standard operating procedures(SOP’s) (Sri Lanka)•

Early warning and decision support systems (VinAWARE)
provide disaster managers with additional time toassess current or pending conditions and initiate
evacuation procedures (Viet Nam)PRIORITY FOR ACTION 3
Use knowledge, innovation and education to build
a culture of safety and resilience at all levels.

4%

8%

5%

Comprehensive achievement
has been attained, with thecommitment and capacities
to sustain efforts at all levels

17%

17%
39%
35%

World

42%

33%

Asia and the Pacific

Substantial achievement hasbeen attained, but with somerecognised deficiencies incommitment, financial
resources or operational
capacities
There is some commitment
and capacities to achieving
DRR but progress is notsubstantial

Achievements have been
made but are relatively small
or incomplete, and while
improvements are planned,
the commitment andcapacities are limited

Source: [World] UNISDR, May 2013, “Implementation of the Hyogo Framework for Action - Summary of reports 2007-2013”[Asia and the Pacific] UNISDR Asia Pacific, 2013, “The Hyogo Framework for Action in Asia and the Pacific 2011–2013”

PRIORITY FOR ACTION 3:
ISSUES AND CHALLENGES• Many countries reported that public awarenesscampaigns/activities have been in place, however,they pointed out implementation of more
systematic/sustainable/nation-wide/locallyadapted awareness program is required.

• Some countries succeeded in developing anddelivering DRR curricula/ materials in the schools,
however, others are facing to the problem forpromotion of DRR education, especially at local
level, due to insufficient trained teachers, lack ofunderstanding of importance of DRR education,and over-burdened curriculum in school education.

• Limited communication among the research

institutes and implementing agencies is observed. Aformal multi-stakeholders forum for DRR research
work is required for effective implementation/utilization of the result of research.

PRIORITY FOR ACTION 3:
GOOD PRACTICES•Bangladesh Disaster Knowledge Network (BDKN) has been
established involving 30 partner organizations including
governments, NGOs, community-based organizations, scientific &research organizations and universities under the umbrella ofSouth Asian Disaster Knowledge Network (SADKN) (Bangladesh)•Posting street posters teaching a-seismic construction. (Iran)•Development of formal curriculum for DRR through thecooperation project between DDPM and MOE (Ministry ofEducation) with support of JICA and UNDP, which makes
promotion of disaster education throughout the country possible(Thailand).

•Multi-stakeholders’ collaborative efforts for development of risk
assessment tools/methods reflecting cost-benefit analysis andsocial and environmental changes (Japan)•Promotion of retrofitting of public school building and structuraland non-structural retrofitting of public hospital (Nepal)•Regional cooperation for human resource development such as
ADRC visiting researcher program contributed to capacity
enhancement of member countries (Japan)

PRIORITY FOR ACTION 4
Reduce the underlying risk factors.

8%
16%
37%

World

8%

4%

Comprehensive achievement
has been attained, with thecommitment and capacities
to sustain efforts at all levels

14%

35%
42%

36%

Asia and the Pacific

Substantial achievement has
been attained, but with somerecognised deficiencies incommitment, financial
resources or operational
capacities
There is some commitment
and capacities to achieving
DRR but progress is notsubstantialAchievements have been
made but are relatively small
or incomplete, and while
improvements are planned,
the commitment andcapacities are limited

Source: [World] UNISDR, May 2013, “Implementation of the Hyogo Framework for Action - Summary of reports 2007-2013”[Asia and the Pacific] UNISDR Asia Pacific, 2013, “The Hyogo Framework for Action in Asia and the Pacific 2011–2013”

PRIORITY FOR ACTION 4:
ISSUES AND CHALLENGES•The major challenge is the realization of theory into practice.

•Recent social and environmental issues such as rapid urbanization, urban
population growth, aging society and climate change have been creating andexacerbating vulnerabilities and hard to control.

•Lack of coordination among a wide range of actors who take care of theabove issues.

•Insurance policies are promoted by private sector insurance service providers,
however, these were not used by the ordinary people due to comparatively
high premium rates.

•One of major challenge lies in the availability of adequate budgets for recovery
and reconstruction since more resources have been used in emergency
response phase.

•Only large scale public and private enterprises have materialized their BusinessContinuity Plan and policy, however SMEs have no such plan. The government
should have support and motivated them to prepare such plan.

•Enacted Law on Spatial Planning and underway to integrate risk considerations
into development and spatial planning. But has yet to implement strong lawenforcement.

PRIORITY FOR ACTION 4:
GOOD PRACTICES• Social safety nets and poverty alleviation program

i.e Benazir Income Support Program (BISP) andGender and Child Cell (Pakistan)• Integrated Strategic Environmental Assessment (SEA)

were developed (Sri Lanka)• Large scale projects such as major highways or large

dams are subject to Strategic Environmental
Assessment (SEA) and disaster risk assessment
becomes an important and mandatory element inEnvironmental Impact Assessment (EIA) proceduresfor projects of these dimensions. Disaster impact
assessment has been regulated as a compulsory
element for dam construction (Viet Nam)PRIORITY FOR ACTION 5
Strengthening the disaster preparedness for
effective response at all levels.

12% 3%

27%

6%

9%

Comprehensive achievement
has been attained, with thecommitment and capacities
to sustain efforts at all levels

17%

36%
49%
41%WorldAsia and the Pacific

Substantial achievement has
been attained, but with somerecognised deficiencies incommitment, financial
resources or operational
capacities
There is some commitment
and capacities to achieving
DRR but progress is notsubstantial

Achievements have been
made but are relatively small
or incomplete, and while
improvements are planned,
the commitment andcapacities are limited

Source: [World] UNISDR, May 2013, “Implementation of the Hyogo Framework for Action - Summary of reports 2007-2013”[Asia and the Pacific] UNISDR Asia Pacific, 2013, “The Hyogo Framework for Action in Asia and the Pacific 2011–2013”

PRIORITY FOR ACTION 5:
ISSUES AND CHALLENGES•

Contingency planning needs to be more focused on
gender and disability issues.

•Although institutional mechanism has been put in placefrom national to local level to coordinate all activities
relating to disaster preparedness, response, mitigation
and risk reduction, there are capacity gaps which need
to be addressed to make these institutions morefunctional.

•Some local governments have difficulty to update plans
in a timely manner due to financial constraints.

•In addition to public funding, it is necessary but
challenging to stimulate greater participation andcontribution from the private sector.

•Revision and updating of the plan is difficult due toinadequate human resource capacities.

PRIORITY FOR ACTION 5:
GOOD PRACTICES• Developing a proper coordinating procedure together

with ASEAN Coordinating Centre for Humanitarian
Assistance on Disaster Management (AHA Centre) andimplementing the ASEAN Agreement on Disaster
Management and Emergency Response (AADMER)
effectively (Cambodia)• Urban Community Volunteer Development Program

has started with support from MoDMR through CDMP,FSCD and NGOs in Dhaka, Chittagong and Sylhet. Andapprox. 3,000 Cyclone Shelter and 100 Flood Shelter
have been built in the cyclone prone and flood prone
areas. (Bangladesh)•Indonesia regularly conducts disaster exercises
involving regional and international partners, including
the latest, i.e. the Mentawai Megathrust Disaster
Exercise (MM DirEx) that has been prepared since2012.

Thank you very much for your attention!