寄附講座（仙台環境開発） Endowed Division (Sendaikankyo Co.)
廃棄物資源循環複合領域研究寄附講座

・資源再利用Material reutilization

先進社会環境学専攻

Multidisciplinary Research on the Circulation of Waste Resources

・都市鉱山に関するプロセス開発
Process development for urban mining

・大規模災害復旧活動におけるインテリジェンス活動

Intelligence activities for waste management concerning disaster recovery

In the line with Future Earth program, established by the UnitedNations, the possibility of developing a recycling system forBandung in Indonesia is under investigation. In cooperation with
the Institut Teknologi Bandung (ITB), we develop a system of waste
management and avoidance, which is in agreement with the localculture and tradition. Special focus is set on the cooperation withIndonesian stakeholders and the general public.
2. Study on boron removal from wastewater via coagulation
sedimentation with ettringite

Boron compounds largely used in industrial processes may pose
health risks to humans and animals due to unpredictable emissions
to the environment. The coagulation process using ettringite as a

准教授 劉 予宇准教授 グラウゼ ギドProfessor

Associate Professor

Associate Professor

Azuma Ohuchi

3. Electrochemical reduction of CO2

For the limitation of the green house effect, renewable energy canbe used for the electrochemical reduction of CO2. In this way,valuable chemical substances such as CO, formic acid or methanol
are obtained. Important factors are energy efficiency and productselectivity, which are strongly affected by the choice of anappropriate catalyst.
4. The 3rd UN World Conference on Disaster Risk Reduction
in Sendai PUBLIC FORUM

The 3rd UN World Conference on Disaster Risk Reduction took
place in Sendai from March 14th to 18th. Our group organized asession within the public forum regarding the application of aerialand satellite images for the analysis of major natural disasters.

boron purifying agent is known to be economically feasible. The
water treatment method and mechanism were investigated.

1. Future Earth: Feasibility study on thedevelopment of a recycling and material
cycle system in Bandung (Indonesia)
In 2012, the United Nations launched the Future Earth research
program within the UN Conference on Sustainable Development(Rio+20). Aim is the support of sustainable development in achanging world. One of the biggest problems for the development inmany countries is the increasing amount of waste. Especially indeveloping countries, many resource are dumped in open landfills(Fig.1), causing environmental problems and endanger humanhealth. Moreover, the goal must be to integrate resources fromwaste streams into a sustainable material cycle. This is only
achieved with the support of the local communities and inaccordance with the traditions of the local people. Therefore,
solutions that are practiced in industrialized countries might not beaccepted in all parts of the world.

Waste separation as practiced in Japan is not known in Indonesia.
Some waste is collected by junkman going from door to door
paying money for recyclables such as old electronic devices orpaper. Other waste is brought by consumers to waste banks, where
it is stored until it can be sold. Then the consumer gets money inreturn. However,most of the waste is unseparated disposed inlandfills, where scavengers look for recyclable plastics (Fig. 2). The
current price for 1 kg of waste polyethylene terephthalate (PET) isabout 30 Yen.
In our research, the aim must be to find a way to keep more materials
in the material cycle; especially biowaste offers interesting
opportunities for energy conversion and as a replacement forchemicals conventionally made from fossil fuels. However, newways of waste management have to be accepted by the populationand people working already in the field of waste separation have to
be included in the new system.

Yuyu Liu

Guido Grause

2. Experimental and mechanism study
on boron removal from wastewater via
coagulation sedimentation with ettringite
Boron compounds that are largely being used in industrial processes
may pose health risks to humans and animals due to unpredictableemissions to the environment. Nowadays, the boron (including itscompounds) emission standard in Japan requires a more thoroughremoval of boron from all effluents than previously. Compared toother novel technologies, the coagulation process using ettringite asa purifying agent is known to be more economically effective, but
the sophisticated water treatment method and mechanism haverarely been described. In this study, we wanted to clarify the boron
removal mechanism by batch tests followed with measurement anddata analyses on B, Ca, Al and SO42- in both the liquid and solid
phases. Results indicate increasing the pH from 10 to 13 enhances
the removal of B (boric acid) and also changes the amount of Ca, Aland SO42- (S and O) in both phases. The mechanism suggested isthat in aqueous solutions at high pH, OH- can drive certain amountsof SO42- and Al(OH)4 - out of the boro-ettringite. The oralpresentation was made in IEEC 2015 (Oct. 28-30, Busan, Korea(Fig. 3).

3. Study on electrocchemical reduction ofCO2 to low-carbon fuelCarbon dioxide (CO2) produced by extensive fossil fuel consumption
and excess industrial processes could make carbon imbalance in theworld, creating negative impact on environment through greenhouseeffect. One of the feasible ways to reduce CO2 emission is to convert
it to useful fuels by using clean and sustainable energy from solar,
wind, hydropower, etc.. Among different conversion technologies,
electrochemical reduction of CO2 to produce low-carbon fuels, suchas CO and HCOOH or HCOO-, has been demonstrated to be feasibleand efficient. We have developed Sn, Cu and Co-containing catalysts
for the purpose by a Sino-Japan co-operation study. Some desirable
results have been published (Fig. 4).

4. The 3rd UN World Conference on Disaster
Risk Reduction in Sendai PUBLIC FORUM(March 14-18, 2015, Sendai, Japan)

Department of Environmental Studies for Advanced Society

1. Future Earth: Feasibility study on the development of arecycling and material cycle system in Bandung (Indonesia)

教授 大内 東Analysis of aerial photographs and satellite images for theestimation of mega-disaster waste in devastated areas
Areas devastated by mega-disasters suffer from severe damages of
their infrastructures. Lack of information prevents fast reconstructionof the affected areas. The analysis of aerial photographs and satellite
images can be employed to gather information of the affected areas
necessary for their reconstruction. The results can be widely used
for planning the tasks required for recovery such as scheduling thewaste removal and the business recovery process for companies, etc.
The aim of the forum is to introduce our effort to detect the damagedbuilding and to estimate the amount of disaster debris (waste) byusing aerial photographs and by satellite images, and to discuss thefuture perspective of applying the results to disaster waste transport
planning and water resource management system.

Fig.3 (co-)chairmen and speakers in IEEC 2015

Fig.5 Flyer and venue scene of the 3rd UN World
Conference on Disaster Risk Reduction

Fig.1 Landfill at Sarimukti, Bandung (Indonesia).

36 Coexistence Activity Report 2015

Fig.2 Collected and separated plastic waste at
the landfill site of Sarimukti.

Fig.4 Publications on electrochemical reduction of CO2.
Coexistence Activity Report 201537