ේܱীࣅ৹๸ಕჸ޻৒य़ࢅࡉᅆ്̜58߭ͅ3122͆ᇪ̛ဌ㜞╬ኾ㐷ቇᩞߦ߅ߌࠆቇ↢ߩㇱᵴേ࠾࡯࠭
ߦ㑐ߔࠆ⎇ⓥᮮጊ ೰჻11৻⥸ᢎ⢒⑼ʊ଻ஜ૕⢒㧔Liberal Arts-Physical Education, Nagaoka National College of Technology㧕1 Study ofExpectation and Needs to Clubs in National CollegeTakeshi YOKOYAMA1
Abstract

The purpose of this study is to analyze the extracurricular club activity needs of students in NationalCollege. National College students (N=208) completed questionnaires. The results revealed that students
had high needs and expectations to club activity, and the needs were diverse. Thus, in order to manage
club activity, it is important to focus not only on autonomy of students, but also on leadership of teachers.
Key Words : needs, club activity, difficulty of teaching㧝⋡⊛ߣ໧㗴ߩᚲ࿷ᧄⓂߩ⋡⊛ߪ㧘㐳ጟᎿᬺ㜞╬ኾ㐷ቇᩞ㧔એਅ㧘ᧄᩞ㧕ߩቇ↢ࠍኻ⽎ߦߒߚ⾰໧⚕⺞ᩏ߆ࠄ㧘㜞╬ኾ㐷ቇᩞߦ߅ߌࠆㇱᵴേߩ࠾࡯࠭ࠍಽᨆߒ㧘ߘߎ߆ࠄㇱᵴേߩᜰዉ࡮ㆇ༡ߩ࿷ࠅᣇߦߟ޿ߡ⠨ኤߔࠆߎߣߢ޽ࠆ㧚ౕ૕⊛ߦߪ㧘ᧄᩞߩ╙৻ቇᐕߩቇ↢ߩਛቇᩞᤨߩㇱᵴേ⚻㛎㧘ᧄᩞߩㇱᵴേߦኻߔࠆᦼᓙ㧘࠾࡯࠭ࠍ᣿ࠄ߆ߦߔࠆߎߣࠍㅢߓߡ㧘㜞╬ኾ㐷ቇᩞߩㇱᵴേߩᜰዉ࡮ㆇ༡ߩ࿷ࠅᣇߦߟ޿ߡᬌ⸛ߔࠆ㧚ᧄ⎇ⓥߩ⢛ᓟߦ޽ࠆ໧㗴ᗧ⼂ߪ㧘ᰴߩߣ߅ࠅߢ޽ࠆ㧚ㇱᵴേߪ㧘᝼ᬺ߿ቇᩞⴕ੐ߣਗ߮ቇ↢ߩቇᩞ↢ᵴࠍ⼾߆ߦߔࠆ㊀ⷐߥቇᩞᢎ⢒ᵴേߢ޽ࠆ㧚ቇᩞ஥߆ࠄ⷗ࠆߣ㧘ㇱᵴേߦߪ㧘ࠦࡒࡘ࠾ࠤ࡯࡚ࠪࡦ⢻ജߩะ਄㧘᜿ᜦ߿␞௾ߣ޿ߞߚ␠ળ⊛ⷙ▸ࠍりߦઃߌࠆ႐㧘ቇ↢ߩዬ႐ᚲߠߊࠅ╬ߣ޿ߞߚᢎ⢒⊛ᯏ⢻߇ᦼᓙߐࠇߡ޿ࠆ1)㧚
ቇ↢ߩ஥߆ࠄ⷗ߡ߽㧘ㇱᵴേߪ㧘ᓐࠄ࡮ᓐᅚࠄ⥄り߇ਥ૕⊛ߦખ㑆ߣදജߒߥ߇ࠄ㧘ࠬࡐ࡯࠷߿ᢥൻ㧘⑼ቇ߳ߩℂ⸃ࠍᷓ߼ߡ޿ߊ⾆㊀ߥ႐ߢ޽ࠆ㧚ߒ߆ߒߥ߇ࠄ㧘ᧄᩞߩㇱᵴേߪ㧘ᰴߩᜰዉ࡮ㆇ༡਄ߩ⺖㗴ࠍᛴ߃ߡ޿ࠆߣᕁࠊࠇࠆ㧚߹ߕ㧘ㇱᵴേߩቇᩞᢎ⢒਄ߩ૏⟎ߠߌ߇ᦌᤒߢ޽ࠆ㧚ㇱᵴേߣ޿߁႐ࠍߤߩࠃ߁ߦᕈᩰߠߌࠆߩ߆㧘૗ࠍߤߩࠃ߁ߦᢎ᝼ߔࠆߩ߆㧘ᢎᏧ㑆ߢ౒᦭ߔߴ߈⋡⊛㧘ౝኈ߇ቯ߆ߢߪߥ޿㧚ㇱᵴേߩᜰዉ࡮ㆇ༡߇㧘ᢎᏧ୘‫⸃ߩੱޘ‬㉼㧘ᢎ⢒ⷰ㧘ㇱᵴേⷰߦࠃߞߡߥߐࠇߡ޿ࠆ㧚╙ੑߦ㧘ߘߩߎߣ߇㧘ㇱᵴേ㑆㧘ᢎᏧ㑆ߩขࠅ⚵ߺߦᏅ⇣ࠍ↢ࠎߢ޿ࠆ㧚ㇱᵴേᜰዉ࡮ㆇ༡߇㧘ฦᢎᏧߩ⸃㉼ߦࠃߞߡߥߐࠇߡ޿ࠆߚ߼㧘ౕ૕⊛ߥᜰዉ㧘ㆇ༡ᣇᴺ߽ฦᢎᏧߩ⠨߃ᣇ㧘ജ㊂ߦଐሽߒߡ޿ࠆ㧚╙ਃߦ㧘ߢߪ㧘ᵴേਥ૕ߢ޽ࠆቇ↢߇ㇱᵴേߦኻ― 17 ―‫ܨ‬આ̜৻ડߒ૗ࠍᦼᓙߒ㧘ߤߩࠃ߁ߦㆇ༡ߒߡ޿߈ߚ޿ߣᕁߞߡ޿ࠆߩ߆㧘ߘ߁ߒߚㇱᵴേߦ㑐ߔࠆᦼᓙ࡮࠾࡯࠭ߦߟ޿ߡߩᖱႎ߇ዋߥ޿㧚ㇱᵴേࠍᢎ⢒ߩ႐ߣ⷗஖ߒ㧘ᵴᕈൻߐߖࠆߩߢ޽ࠇ߫㧘႐ࠍឭଏߔࠆᢎຬ஥߇ᓐࠄߩㇱᵴേߦᛴ޿ߡ޿ࠆᦼᓙ߿࠾࡯࠭ࠍᛠីߔࠆߎߣ߇ᔅⷐߛࠈ߁㧚ᦼᓙ߿࠾࡯࠭ߦว⥌ߒߥ޿႐ࠍ޿ߊࠄឭଏߒߡ߽㧘ᓐࠄߪ㧘ㇱᵴേߣ޿߁႐ߦࠕࠢ࠮ࠬߒߡߎߥ޿ߣ⠨߃ࠄࠇࠆ߆ࠄߢ޽ࠆ㧚ㆊ෰ߦᧄᩞߩㇱᵴേߦߟ޿ߡᬌ⸛ߒߡ޿ࠆ߽ߩߦ㧘ർ᧛ߩႎ๔2)߇޽ࠆ㧚ർ᧛ߪ㧘ᒰᤨߩ㊁⃿ㇱߩ࿷ࠅᣇߦߟ޿ߡᬌ⸛ߒ㧘ㇱᵴേߪቇᬺᚑ❣߳ᖡᓇ㗀ࠍ෸߷ߒߡ޿ߥ޿߽ߩߩ㧘‫✵ޟ‬⠌ߢ∋ࠇߡീᒝ߇ߢ߈ߥ޿‫ޠ‬㧘‫ޟ‬ᄢળ಴႐ਛߪታ㛎ߦෳടߢ߈ߥ޿ߩߢ࿎ࠆ‫ޠ‬ߣ޿ߞߚ㕙ߢቇᬺߣㇱᵴേߣߩਔ┙߇㔍ߒ޿ߣㇱᵴേࠍ߼ߋࠆࠕࡦࡆࡃ࡟ࡦ࠻ߥ⁁ᴫߦߟ޿ߡᜰ៰ߒߡ޿ࠆ㧚ᧄᩞએᄖߩ㜞╬ኾ㐷ቇᩞߩታ〣ߦߟ޿ߡ⷗ߡߺࠆߣ㧘ㇱᵴേㆇ༡ࠍㇱಽ⊛ߦቇ↢ߦ⒖ⴕߒ㧘ቇ↢ߩਥ૕ᕈ⢒ᚑࠍ⋡ᜰߒߡ޿ࠆ੐଀3)߿౏㐿⻠ᐳࠍታᣉߒ࿾ၞ߳ߩ⽸₂ߒࠃ߁ߣߒߡ޿ࠆ੐଀4)߇޽ࠆ㧚ߚߛ㧘ߎࠇࠄߩ⎇ⓥߪ㧘੹ᓟ㧘୘೎ߩㇱᵴേߩᡷༀߩᣇะᕈࠍ␜ߒߡ޿ࠆὐߦߟ޿ߡߪ␜ໂ⊛ߢ޽ࠆ߽ߩߩ㧘ቇᩞߣߒߡㇱᵴേࠍߤߩࠃ߁ߦᡷༀߒߡ޿ߌ߫ࠃ޿߆ߣ޿߁ὐߦߟ޿ߡߪ࠺࡯࠲߿ಽᨆߩ㕙ߢ㒢⇇ࠍ᦭ߒߡ޿ࠆ㧚ㇱᵴേߦ㑐ߔࠆ⺖㗴ߪ㧘౏┙ቇᩞߦ߅޿ߡ߽⷗ࠄࠇࠆࠃ߁ߢ޽ࠆ㧚ਛỈࠄ5)ߪ㧘౏┙ਛቇᩞߩᢎຬࠍኻ⽎ߦߒߚ⾰໧⚕⺞ᩏ߆ࠄ㧘ㇱᵴേㆇ༡ߩ⺖㗴ࠍ᣿ࠄ߆ߦߒߡ޿ࠆ㧚ߘࠇߦࠃࠆߣ㧘౏┙ਛቇᩞߩㇱᵴേߩ⺖㗴ߪ㧘‫ޟ‬ᣉ⸳߿⸳஻㧘஻ຠ߿㆏ౕ߇ᢛߞߡ޿ߥ޿ߎߣ‫ޠ‬㧘‫ޟ‬ㇱᵴേߩᤨ㑆߿㊂߇⽶ᜂߦߥߞߡ޿ࠆߎߣ‫ޠ‬㧘‫ޟ‬㘈໧ࠍᜂᒰߔࠆߩߪ⡯ോ߆ߤ߁߆ᦌᤒߥߎߣ‫߇ߤߥޠ‬᜼ߍࠄࠇߡ޿ࠆ㧚ਛቇᩞߣ㜞╬ቇᩞߩㇱᵴേߩ⃻⁁ߦߟ޿ߡ⷗ߡߺࠆߣ㧘⷏ፉࠄ6)ߪ㧘↢ᓤࠍኻ⽎ߦߒߚ⾰໧⚕⺞ᩏࠃࠅ㧘એਅߩὐࠍ᣿ࠄ߆ߦߒߡ޿ࠆ㧚ᧄ⎇ⓥߦ㑐ࠊߞߡ㊀ⷐߥ⺰ὐߪ㧘ᰴߩ2ὐߢ޽ࠆ㧚╙৻ߦ㧘ㇱᵴേߩല↪ߪ㧘✵⠌߿⹜วߦᛂߜㄟ߻ߎߣߢᓧࠄࠇࠆߣ޿߁ߎߣߢ޽ࠆ㧚‫ޠࠆߥߊ߹߁ޟ‬‫ޟ‬෹ߛߜ߇ᓧࠄࠇࠆ‫ޠ‬㧘‫␹♖ޟ‬ᒝߊߥࠆ‫ޠ‬㧘‫␞ޟ‬௾ᱜߒߊߥࠆ‫ߚߞ޿ߣޠ‬ല↪ߪ㧘✵⠌߿ᄢળ㧘ࠦࡦࠢ࡯࡞ߢ᳨ࠍᵹߒߚࠅ㧘ಾ⏢℉⏴ߔࠆㆊ⒟ߢ₪ᓧߐࠇࠆ㧔pp.44-49㧕㧚╙ੑߦ㧘ㇱᵴേߩട౉ߪ㧘ቇᬺ߿↢ᵴᘒᐲ߳⢐ቯ⊛ᓇ㗀ࠍ෸߷ߒߡ޿ࠆߎߣߢ޽ࠆ㧚ㇱᵴേട౉⠪ߪ㧘㕖ട౉⠪ࠃࠅ߽㧘᝼ᬺ߳ߩᘒᐲ߇⦟ᅢߢ޽ࠅ㧘ᩞೣ߽቞ࠆ௑ะߦ޽ࠆ㧔pp.85-98㧕㧚ㇱᵴേߦᾲᔃߦขࠅ⚵߻ߎߣߢ㧘ઁߩ᝼ᬺᵴേߦᡰ㓚߇಴ࠆߩߢߪߥ޿߆ߣ߽ᗐቯߢ߈ࠆ߇㧘వⴕ⎇ⓥ߆ࠄߪ㧘ߘ߁ߢߪߥ޿ᆫ߇ᶋ߆߮਄߇ߞߡ߈ߡ޿ࠆ㧚ਛቇᩞߣ㜞╬ቇᩞߩ௑ะߢ޽ࠆߛߌߦ㧘ᧄᩞߩታ〣ߦߘߩ߹߹෻ᤋߢ߈ࠆ߆ߦߟ޿ߡߪᘕ㊀ߦᬌ⸛ߔࠆᔅⷐ߇޽ࠆ߽ߩߩ㧘వⴕ⎇ⓥߩ⚿ᨐߪ㧘ᧄᩞߦ߅޿ߡ߽ㇱᵴേߩᵴᕈൻ߇᝼ᬺ߿ቇ⚖ᵴേ㧘ኰ↢ᵴ╬ߦ⢐ቯ⊛ᓇ㗀ࠍ෸߷ߔน⢻ᕈࠍ␜ߒߡ޿ࠆ㧚㧞⎇ⓥߩᣇᴺ㧞㧚㧝 ⺞ᩏౝኈએ਄ߩ໧㗴ᗧ⼂ࠍ〯߹߃㧘ᧄⓂߪ㧘ቇ↢ߩㇱᵴേ⚻㛎߿ㇱᵴേ߳ߩᦼᓙ߿࠾࡯࠭ࠍಽᨆߔࠆߎߣࠍㅢߓߡ㧘੹ᓟߩㇱᵴേᜰዉ࡮ㆇ༡ߦ␜ໂࠍᓧࠆߎߣࠍડ࿑ߒߚ㧚ᧄ⎇ⓥߪ㧘⎇ⓥ⺖㗴ߦㄼࠆߚ߼㧘એਅߩౝኈߩ⾰໧⚕⺞ᩏࠍ૞ᚑߒߚ㧚Ԙਛቇᩞᤨߩㇱᵴേ⚻㛎࡮ቇᩞ↢ᵴ⁁ᴫԙቇᩞ↢ᵴߦ߅ߌࠆㇱᵴേߩ૏⟎ߠߌԚㇱᵴേߦኻߔࠆᦼᓙԛㇱᵴേߩᜰዉ࡮ㆇ༡ߦ㑐ߔࠆ࠾࡯࠭
㧞㧚㧞 ⺞ᩏߩ᭎ⷐ ⺞ᩏߪ㧘ᐔᚑ23ᐕᐲߦ㐳ጟᎿᬺ㜞╬ኾ㐷ቇᩞߦ౉ቇߒߚ╙৻ቇᐕߩቇ↢208ฬߦ‫ޡ‬ቇᩞ૕⢒ߣቇᩞ↢ᵴߦ㑐ߔࠆ⺞ᩏ‫ߣޢ‬⒓ߒߚ⾰໧⚕⺞ᩏࠍታᣉߒߚ㧚⺞ᩏᦼ㑆ߪ㧘ᐔᚑ23ᐕ4᦬7ᣣ߆ࠄᐔᚑ23ᐕ4᦬13ᣣ߹ߢߢ޽ࠆ㧚 ⺞ᩏ␿ߩ㈩Ꮣߦ㓙ߒߡ㧘࿁╵ߦࠃߞߡ୘ੱ߇․ቯ
ߐࠇࠆߎߣ߇ߥ޿ߎߣ㧘ਇ೑⋉߇෸߱ߎߣߪߥ޿ߎ
ߣࠍ๟⍮ߒߚ㧚⺞ᩏ␿ߩ㈩Ꮣ㧘࿁෼ߪ㧘ᐔᚑ23ᐕᐲߩ଻ஜ૕⢒ߩᦨೋߩ⻠⟵ࠝ࡝ࠛࡦ࠹࡯࡚ࠪࡦߩᤨ㑆ࠍ૶ߞߡⴕߥߞߚ㧚࿁╵ߦⷐߒߚᤨ㑆ߪ㧘߅ࠃߘ15㨪20ಽߢ޽ࠆ㧚᦭ല࿁╵ᢙߪ㧘208㧔㈩Ꮣᢙ208㧘࿁෼₸100㧑㧕ߢ޽ࠆ㧚ಽᨆߪ㧘SPSS(12.0)ࠍ↪޿ߡⴕߞߚ㧚㧟⚿ᨐ
㧟㧚㧝 ਛቇᩞᤨߩㇱᵴേ⚻㛎ߪߓ߼ߦ㧘ᧄᩞ╙৻ቇᐕߩቇ↢ߩਛቇᩞᤨߩㇱᵴേ⚻㛎ߦߟ޿ߡᬌ⸛ߔࠆ㧚⴫㪄䋱ߪ㧘ਛቇᩞߩᤨߦߤߩࠃ߁ߥㇱߦ౉ߞߡ޿ߚߩ߆ࠍ዆ߨߚ⚿ᨐߢ޽ࠆ㧚⚿ᨐࠍ⷗ࠆߣ㧘߶ߣࠎߤߩ⠪߇㧘ਛቇᩞᤨ㧘ㇱᵴ

― 18 ―৹๸ಕჸ޻৒ѠпцҀ޻ౡѣ࿫ߋຍҾ̷ҭѠ࠙юҀय़ࢅേߦ౉ㇱߒߡ߅ࠅ㧘ߘߩᄢඨ߇ㆇേㇱߦᚲዻߒߡ޿ߚߎߣ߇ࠊ߆ࠆ㧚ࠊߕ߆ߢ޽ࠆ߇㧘ਛߦߪ㧘ㆇേㇱߣᢥൻㇱࠍ౗ㇱࠍߒߡ޿ߚቇ↢߽޿ࠆ㧚ᄙߊߩቇ↢ߦߣߞߡㇱᵴേߪ㧘ቇᩞ↢ᵴ਄㧘ᣣᏱߩᵴേߣߒߡขࠅ⚵߹ࠇߡ޿ߚߎߣ߇߁߆߇߃ࠆ㧚⴫㪄䋱㩷 ਛቇᩞᤨߩㇱᵴേട౉₸㩷ਛቇᩞᤨߩㇱᵴേߩ౉ㇱ⁁ᴫㆇേㇱߦ౉ߞߡ޿ߚ
ᢥൻㇱߦ౉ߞߡ޿ߚ
౉ߞߡ޿ߥ߆ߞߚㆇേㇱ࡮ᢥൻㇱࠍ౗ㇱ

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85.6
12.5
1.0
1.0

࡯ൻߒ㧘ਔ⟲ߩਛቇᩞᤨߩ5ᢎ⑼㧔࿖⺆࡮ᢙቇ࡮ℂ⑼࡮␠ળ࡮⧷⺆㧕ߩᚑ❣ࠍᲧセߒߚ㧚⴫㪄㪊㩷 ㇱᵴേߩขࠅ⚵ߺᣇߣቇᬺߩ㑐ㅪ㧔%㧕
㧡ᢎ⑼ߩᚑ❣
㧛ࠞ࠹ࠧ࡝࡯㩷ࠃ߆ߞߚ㩷ߤߜࠄ߆ߣ޿߃߫ࠃ߆ߞߚ㩷⌀ࠎਛߊࠄ޿㩷ߤߜࠄ߆ߣ޿
߃߫ᖡ߆ߞߚ㩷ᖡ߆ߞߚ㩷ో૕৻↢ ๮⟲㩷
25.6㩷

㕖৻↢ ๮
⟲㩷
35.3㩷

ో૕㩷
27.2

59.3㩷

52.9㩷

58.3

14.0㩷

8.8㩷

13.1

1.2㩷

0.0㩷

1.0㩷

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100㩷

2.9㩷
100㩷

0.5㩷
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5ᢎ⑼ߩᚑ❣ߪ㧘ࠢ࡜ࠬౝߢߩ⋧ኻ⊛૏⟎ࠍ‫ࠃޟ‬⴫㪄㪉㩷 ਛቇᩞᤨߩㇱᵴേߩขࠅ⚵ߺᐲ㩷߆ߞߚ‫ޟࠄ߆ޠ‬ᖡ߆ߞߚ‫ߩߢ߹ޠ‬5Ბ㓏ߢ዆ߨߚ߽
ߩߢ޽ࠆ㧚ߎߎߢ㧘5ᢎ⑼ߩᚑ❣ࠍขࠅ਄ߍࠆߩߪ㧘
5ᢎ⑼ߩᚑ❣ߪ㧘᝼ᬺߢߩขࠅ⚵ߺᣇࠍ⴫ߔᜰᮡߣㇱᵴേߩขࠅ⚵ߺᐲߣߡ߽৻↢ ๮ขࠅ⚵ࠎߛߤߜࠄ߆ߣ޿߃߫৻↢ ๮ขࠅ⚵ࠎߛߤߜࠄߣ߽޿߃ߥ޿ߤߜࠄ߆ߣ޿߃߫৻↢ ๮ขࠅ⚵ࠎߢ޿ߥ޿ߗࠎߗࠎ৻↢ ๮ขࠅ⚵ࠎߢ޿ߥ޿%49.534.09.25.31.9ᄙߊߩ⠪߇㧘‫ ↢৻ޟ‬๮ขࠅ⚵ࠎߛ‫ޠ‬㧘‫ࠄߜߤޟ‬߆ߣ޿߃߫৻↢ ๮ขࠅ⚵ࠎߛ‫ߣޠ‬࿁╵ߒߡ޿ࠆ㧚ߘߩ৻ᣇߢ㧘߅ࠃߘ15%ߩቇ↢߇㧘ਛቇᩞᤨߩㇱᵴേߦኻߔࠆขࠅ⚵ߺᣇߦߟ޿ߡ‫ߥ߃޿߽ߣࠄߜߤޟ‬޿‫ޠ‬㧘‫ ↢৻ޟ‬๮ขࠅ⚵ࠎߢ޿ߥ޿‫ߣޠ‬࿁╵ߒߡ޿ࠆ㧚㧟㧚㧞 ㇱᵴേߩขࠅ⚵ߺᣇߣቇᬺ࡮ኅᐸߢߩቇ⠌ᤨ㑆ߣߩ㑐ㅪߎࠇ߹ߢߩ⚿ᨐࠍ⷗ߡࠊ߆ࠆߣ߅ࠅ㧘ㇱᵴേߪ㧘ቇ↢ߩᣣᏱ↢ᵴߦขࠅㄟ߹ࠇߡ޿ࠆᵴേߢ޽ࠆߣ⸒߃ࠆߛࠈ߁㧚ߘߩࠃ߁ߦ⠨߃ࠆߣ㧘ㇱᵴേߩขࠅ⚵ߺᣇߪ㧘᝼ᬺ߿ኅᐸ↢ᵴߣ޿ߞߚઁߩᵴേߦ߽ᓇ㗀ࠍ෸߷ߔߎߣ߇⠨߃ࠄࠇࠆ㧚ᰴߦ‫ޟ‬ㇱᵴേߦ৻↢ ๮ขࠅ⚵߻ߎߣߣቇᬺ߿ኅᐸߢߩቇ⠌ᤨ㑆ߦߤߩࠃ߁ߥ㑐ㅪ߇޽ࠆߩ߆‫޿ߣޠ‬߁໧޿ࠍ┙ߡ㧘ߎߩὐߦߟ޿ߡᬌ⸛ߒߡߺߚ޿㧚߹ߕ㧘వߩ‫ ↢৻߽ߡߣޟ‬๮ขࠅ⚵ࠎߛ‫ߤޟߣޠ‬ߜࠄ߆ߣ޿߃߫৻↢ ๮ขࠅ⚵ࠎߛ‫ߣޠ‬࿁╵ߒߚ߽ߩࠍ‫ ↢৻ޟ‬๮⟲‫࡯࡝ࠧ࠹ࠞߣޠ‬ൻߒ㧘‫ߣࠄߜߤޟ‬߽޿߃ߥ޿‫ޠ‬㧘‫ ↢৻߫߃޿ߣ߆ࠄߜߤޟ‬๮ขࠅ⚵ࠎߢ޿ߥ޿‫ޠ‬㧘‫ ↢৻ࠎߗࠎߗޟ‬๮ขࠅ⚵ࠎߢ޿ߥ޿‫ߣޠ‬࿁╵ߒߚ߽ߩࠍ‫ޟ‬㕖৻↢ ๮⟲‫࡝ࠧ࠹ࠞߣޠ‬ߒߡ⋧ᔕߒ޿ߛࠈ߁ߣ⠨߃ߚ߆ࠄߢ޽ࠆ㧚ߘߩ⚿ᨐࠍ␜ߒߚ߽ߩ߇⴫㪄㪊ߢ޽ࠆ㧚‫ޠߚߞ߆ࠃޟ‬㧘‫ߩޠߚߞ߆ࠃ߫߃޿ߣ߆ࠄߜߤޟ‬ว⸘ࠍᲧセߒߡߺࠆߣ㧘৻↢ ๮⟲߇84.9㧑㧘㕖৻↢ ๮⟲߇88.2㧑ߣߥߞߡ߅ࠅ㧘㕖৻↢ ๮⟲ߩᚑ❣ߩ߶߁߇ࠃ޿௑ะ߇ߺࠄࠇࠆ㧚ߒ߆ߒ㧘⛔⸘⊛ಽᨆ㧔ǿੑਸ਼ᬌቯ㧕ߢߪ㧘ਔ⟲ߦ᦭ᗧߥᏅߪ⹺߼ࠄࠇߥ߆ߞߚ㧚ߎߩߎߣ߆ࠄ㧘ᧄᩞߩቇ↢ߪ㧘ਛቇᩞᤨ㧘ㇱᵴേߦ৻↢ ๮ขࠅ⚵ࠎߢ޿ߡ߽㧘᝼ᬺߦ߽Ყセ⊛ᾲᔃߦขࠅ⚵ࠎߢ޿ߚߣ޿߁ߎߣ߇޿߃ࠆ㧚ᰴߦ㧘ਔ⟲ߩኅᐸߢߩቇ⠌ᤨ㑆ࠍᲧセߒߚ㧚ߘߩ⚿ᨐࠍ␜ߒߚ߽ߩ߇㧘⴫㪄㪋ߢ޽ࠆ㧚⴫㪄㪋㩷 ㇱᵴേߩขࠅ⚵ߺᣇߣኅᐸߢߩቇ⠌ᤨ㑆ߩ㑐ㅪ㩷ࠞ࠹ࠧ࡝࡯৻↢ ๮⟲㕖৻↢ ๮⟲ኅᐸߢߩቇ⠌ᤨ㑆㧔㧝ᣣᐔဋ㧘න૏ಽ㧕
86.973.8৻↢ ๮⟲ߩኅᐸߢߩቇ⠌ᤨ㑆߇86.9ಽ㧔৻ᣣᐔဋ㧕㧘㕖৻↢ ๮⟲ߩኅᐸߢߩቇ⠌ᤨ㑆߇73.8ಽ㧔৻ᣣᐔဋ㧕ߢ޽ࠅ㧘ਔ⟲ߦߪ㧘߅ࠃߘ13ಽߩᏅ߇޽ࠆ㧚ㇱᵴേߦ৻↢ ๮ขࠅ⚵ࠎߛ⠪߽ኅᐸߢߩቇ⠌ᤨ㑆ࠍ⏕଻ߒߡ޿ࠆߎߣ߇߁߆߇߃ࠆ㧚ᐔဋ୯ߩᏅߩᬌቯ㧔ኻᔕߩߥ޿tᬌቯ㧕ࠍታᣉߒߚ⚿ᨐ㧘᦭ᗧߥᏅߪ⷗ࠄࠇߥ߆ߞߚ߇㧘ߎߩᏅߪᄢ߈޿ߣߺࠆߴ߈ߛࠈ߁㧚৻ᣣᐔဋߦߔࠆߣ13ಽ⒟ᐲߢ߽㧘ਛቇᩞ3ᐕ㑆ߣ޿߁ᤨ㑆ࠍ⠨߃ࠆߣ㧘ᄢ߈ߥᏅ߇↢߹ࠇࠆ߆ࠄߢ޽ࠆ㧚ߥ߅㧘ߎߎߢ⏕⹺ߒߡ߅߈ߚ޿ߩߪ㧘― 19 ―‫ܨ‬આ̜৻ડቇ⠌ᤨ㑆ߩ⛘ኻ㊂ࠍ໧㗴ߦߒߡ޿ࠆࠊߌߢߪߥ޿ߎߣߢ޽ࠆ㧚ߟ߹ࠅ㧘ߎߎߢߪ‫ޟ‬ኅᐸߢߩቇ⠌ᤨ㑆ߩ⏕଻ߪ㧘ㇱᵴേߦ৻↢ ๮ขࠅ⚵߻ߎߣߢ㒖ኂߐࠇߡ޿ࠆߣߪ޿߃ߥ޿‫ߚ߈߅ߡߒ⹺⏕ࠍߣߎ߁޿ߣޠ‬޿㧚㧟㧚㧟 ቇᩞ↢ᵴߦ߅ߌࠆㇱᵴേߩ૏⟎ ቇ↢ߪ㧘ቇᩞ↢ᵴࠍలታߐߖࠆ਄ߢ㧘ㇱᵴേࠍߤߩ⒟ᐲ㊀ⷐߛߣ⠨߃ߡ޿ࠆߩߛࠈ߁߆㧚ߎߩߎߣࠍ⏕߆߼ࠆߚ߼㧘ቇᩞ↢ᵴߦ߅ߌࠆㇱᵴേߩ㊀ⷐᐲࠍ‫ߩߚߥ޽ޟ‬ቇᩞ↢ᵴࠍలታߐߖࠆ਄ߢ㧘ㇱᵴേߪߤߩ⒟ᐲ㊀ⷐߥ߽ߩߢߔ߆㧫‫ߣޠ‬዆ߨ࿁╵ߒߡ߽ࠄߞߚ㧚⴫㪄㪌ࠍ⷗ࠆߣ㧘‫߽ߡߣޟ‬㊀ⷐ‫޿ߣ߆ࠄߜߤޟߣޠ‬߃߫㊀ⷐ‫ߩޠ‬ว⸘߇߅ࠃߘ85㧑ߢ޽ࠅ㧘߶ߣࠎߤߩቇ↢߇㧘ቇᩞ↢ᵴࠍలታߐߖࠆ਄ߢ㧘ㇱᵴേߪ㊀ⷐߢ޽ࠆߣ⠨߃ߡ޿ࠆ㧚⴫㪄㪌㩷 ቇᩞ↢ᵴߦ߅ߌࠆㇱᵴേߩ૏⟎ߠߌ㩷ቇᩞ↢ᵴߦ߅ߌࠆㇱᵴേߩ૏⟎ߣߡ߽㊀ⷐߤߜࠄ߆ߣ޿߃߫㊀ⷐߤߜࠄߣ߽޿߃ߥ޿ߤߜࠄ߆ߣ޿߃߫㊀ⷐߢߪߥ޿
߹ߞߚߊ㊀ⷐߢߪߥ޿

%

36.6
48.3
10.7
4.40.0⴫㪄㪍ߪ㧘⺞ᩏᤨ㧔4᦬㧕ߢߩ㧘ቇ↢ߩㇱᵴേ߳ߩ౉ㇱᏗᦸ⁁ᴫࠍ␜ߒߚ߽ߩߢ޽ࠆ㧚ౕ૕⊛ߦߪ㧘‫ޟ‬ቇᩞߢㇱᵴേߦ౉ࠈ߁ߣ⠨߃ߡ޿߹ߔ߆‫ࠍޠ‬዆ߨ㧘࿁╵ߒߡ߽ࠄߞߚ㧚⴫㪄㪍㩷 ౉ቇᤨߩ౉ㇱᏗᦸ⁁ᴫ㩷ㇱᵴേߩ౉ㇱᗧᕁߪ޿߹ߛ᳿߼ߡ޿ߥ޿
޿޿߃

%

72.5
25.61.9 ⺞ᩏᤨߩᲑ㓏ߢߪ㧘72.5%ߩቇ↢߇㧘૗ࠄ߆ߩㇱᵴേߦ౉ㇱߒࠃ߁ߣ⠨߃ߡ޿ߚߎߣ߇ࠊ߆ࠆ㧚ߎߩ⚿ᨐ߆ࠄ߽㧘ቇᩞ↢ᵴࠍలታߐߖࠆߦߪㇱᵴേߪ㊀ⷐߢ޽ࠆߣ⠨߃ߡ޿ࠆቇ↢߇ᄙ޿ߎߣ߇߁߆߇߃ࠆ㧚ㇱᵴേᜰዉ࡮ㆇ༡ߩⷰὐ߆ࠄ⷗ࠆߣ㧘ߎ߁ߒߚ㧠᦬ᤨὐߢߩቇ↢ߩ౉ㇱᏗᦸࠍ౉ㇱⴕേ㧘ߘࠇߙࠇߩᵴേߩలታߦ⚿߮ઃߌࠄࠇߚ߆ߤ߁߆ߣ޿߁ߎߣ߇⺖㗴ߢ޽ࠈ߁㧚㧟㧚㧠 ㇱᵴേ߳ߩᦼᓙ ቇ↢ߪ㧘ㇱᵴേߦߤߩࠃ߁ߥᦼᓙࠍነߖߡ޿ࠆߩߛࠈ߁߆㧚ߎߩὐࠍᬌ⸛ߔࠆߚ߼㧘౉ㇱߔࠆᗧᕁߩ޽ࠆቇ↢ߦ㧘ㇱᵴേ߳ߩᦼᓙࠍ዆ߨࠆ㗄⋡ࠍ᜼ߍ㧘‫߁ߘ߽ߡߣޟ‬ᕁ߁‫߁ߘߊߚߞ߹ޟࠄ߆ޠ‬ᕁࠊߥ޿‫ޠ‬
߹ߢߩ5ઙᴺߢ࿁╵ߒߡ߽ࠄߞߚ㧚ߘߩ⚿ᨐࠍ␜ߒߚ߽ߩ߇⴫㪄㪎ߢ޽ࠆ㧚ߥ߅㧘ߎߎߢ޿߁‫ޟ‬ㇱᵴേ߳ߩᦼᓙ‫ߪߣޠ‬㧘‫ޟ‬ㇱᵴേߩ⛮⛯ෳടߦࠃߞߡ዁᧪߽ߚࠄߐࠇߢ޽ࠈ߁ല↪‫ࠍޠ‬ᜰߔ㧚 ߽ߞߣ߽ᜰ៰₸ߩ㜞߆ߞߚ㗄⋡ߪ㧘‫ޟ‬ખߩࠃ޿෹

⴫㪄㪎㩷 ㇱᵴേ߳ߩᦼᓙ㧔%㧕㩷

ߣߡ߽ߘ߁ᕁ߁ߤߜࠄ߆ߣ޿߃߫ߘ߁ᕁ߁ߤߜࠄߣ߽޿߃ߥ޿ߤߜࠄ߆ߣ޿߃߫ߘ߁ᕁࠊߥ޿߹䏉ߚߊߘ߁ᕁࠊߥ޿ખߩࠃ޿෹㆐߿వヘ߇ߢ߈ࠆᅢ߈ߥߎߣ߇߁߹ߊߥࠆ᝼ᬺߣߪ㆑ߞߚలታᗵ߿㆐ᚑᗵ߇ᓧࠄࠇࠆᔃ߿૕ߩஜᐽߩ⛽ᜬ࡮Ⴧㅴߦ⚿߮ߟߊ␞௾߿␠ળ⊛ࡑ࠽࡯߇りߦߟߊ࡝࠭ࡓߩ⦟޿ቇᩞ↢ᵴߦߥࠆቇᬺߦ޿޿ᓇ㗀߇޽ࠆㅴቇ߿ዞ⡯ߦᓎ┙ߟ

75.3
71.1
70.7
51.3
48.7
48.0
33.3
17.4

21.3
24.8
25.3
29.3
36.7
29.3
35.3
28.9

2.7
3.4
3.3
15.3
12.7
17.3
21.3
25.5

0.7
0.70.72.00.7
2.7
7.3
19.5

0.0
0.0
0.0
2.0
1.3
2.7
2.7
8.7

― 20 ―৹๸ಕჸ޻৒ѠпцҀ޻ౡѣ࿫ߋຍҾ̷ҭѠ࠙юҀय़ࢅ㆐߿వヘ߇ߢ߈ࠆ‫ࠆ޽ߢޠ‬㧚ቇ⑼߿ቇᐕࠍ⿧߃ߚੱ
㑆㑐ଥࠍ▽ߊ߈ߞ߆ߌߣߒߡ㧘ㇱᵴേߦᦼᓙࠍነߖߡ޿ࠆߎߣ߇߁߆߇߃ࠆ㧚 ᰴߦᜰ៰₸ߩ㜞߆ߞߚ㗄⋡ߪ㧘‫ޟ‬ᅢ߈ߥߎߣ߇߁߹ߊߥࠆ‫ޠ‬㧘‫ޟ‬᝼ᬺߣߪ㆑ߞߚలታᗵ߿㆐ᚑᗵ߇ᓧࠄࠇࠆ‫ࠆ޽ߢޠ‬㧚ቇ↢ߪ㧘ㇱᵴേߣ޿߁႐ߢ㧘⥝๧㑐ᔃߩ޽ࠆߎߣࠍㅊ᳞ߒ㧘᝼ᬺߣߪ㆑ߞߚలታᗵ߿㆐ᚑᗵࠍᓧߚ޿ߣ⠨߃ߡ޿ࠆࠃ߁ߢ޽ࠆ㧚 ᰴߦᜰ៰₸ߩ㜞ߞߚ㗄⋡ߪ㧘‫ޟ‬ᔃ߿૕ߩஜᐽߩ⛽ᜬ࡮Ⴧㅴߦ⚿߮ߟߊ‫ޠ‬㧘‫␞ޟ‬௾߿␠ળ⊛ࡑ࠽࡯߇りߦߟߊ‫ޠ‬㧘‫޿⦟ߩࡓ࠭࡝ޟ‬ቇᩞ↢ᵴߦߥࠆ‫ޠ‬㧘‫ޟ‬ቇᬺߦ޿޿ᓇ㗀߇޽ࠆ‫ࠆ޽ߢޠ‬㧚ߎߎߢ⥝๧ᷓ޿ߩߪ㧘ᵴേߩലᨐ߇㧘࡝࠭ࡓߩࠃ޿ቇᩞ↢ᵴࠍ↢ࠎߛࠅ㧘ቇᬺ߳ࠃ޿ᓇ㗀߇޽ࠆ㧘ߣ⠨߃ߡ޿ࠆߎߣߢ޽ࠆ㧚ቇ↢ߪ㧘ㇱᵴേߪઁߩᵴേߦ߽⢐ቯ⊛ᓇ㗀ࠍ෸߷ߔߣ⠨߃ߡ޿ࠆࠃ߁ߢ޽ࠆ㧚 ᜰ៰₸ߩᦨ߽ૐ߆ߞߚ㗄⋡߇‫ޟ‬ㅴቇ߿ዞ⡯ߦᓎ┙ߟ‫ࠆ޽ߢޠ‬㧚ߚߛ㧘ߘࠇߢ߽‫߁ߘ߽ߡߣޟ‬ᕁ߁‫ߣޠ‬‫߁ߘ߫߃޿ߣ߆ࠄߜߤޟ‬ᕁ߁‫ߩޠ‬ว⸘߇46.3㧑ߣߥߞߡ߅ࠅ㧘⚂ඨᢙߩቇ↢߇ㇱᵴേ߇዁᧪ߩㅴ〝ㆬᛯߦ⢐ቯ⊛ᓇ㗀ࠍ෸߷ߔߣ⠨߃ߡ޿ࠆ㧚‫ޟ‬ቇᩞᄖߢ߿ߞߡ޿ࠆ⠌޿੐߿⿰๧╬ߦขࠅ⚵ߺߚ޿߆ࠄ‫ޠ‬㧔22.8%㧕ߣ޿ߞߚ୘ੱߩേᯏߦ㑐ࠊࠆⷐ࿃ߢ޽ࠆ㧚ᰴߦᜰ៰₸ߩ㜞޿㗄⋡ߪ㧘‫ޟ‬਄ᚻߥੱߒ߆ᭉߒ߼ߥ޿ߣᕁ߁߆ࠄ‫ߩޠ‬17.5%㧘‫⥄ޟ‬ಽߩ౉ࠅߚ޿ࠢ࡜ࡉ߇ߥ޿߆ࠄ‫ߩޠ‬10.3%ߢ޽ࠆ㧚ߎࠇࠄߪ㧘‫ޟ‬ㇱᵴേ߇ᵴ⊒ߢߪߥߐߘ߁ߛ߆ࠄ‫ޠ‬㧔5.3%㧕ߣ૬ߖ㧘ቇᩞߩㇱᵴേㆇ༡਄㧘Ꮏᄦߩ૛࿾ߩ޽ࠆ⚻༡⊛ⷐ࿃ߢ޽ࠆ㧚ߒߚ߇ߞߡ㧘੹ᓟߩㇱᵴേߩᜰዉ࡮ㆇ༡ߩᡷༀᰴ╙ߢߪ㧘ቇ↢ߩ౉ㇱⴕേߦ⚿߮ߟߊน⢻ᕈ߇޽ࠆ㧚‫ޟ‬ᵴേߦ߅㊄߇߆߆ࠆ߆ࠄ‫ߚߞ޿ߣޠ‬ኅᐸߩ⚻ᷣ⊛ℂ↱ߦࠃߞߡ᳿߼ߡ޿ߥ޿㧘౉ㇱߒߥ޿ߣ⠨߃ߡ޿ࠆ⠪߽10.5%޿ࠆ㧚㧟㧚㧢 ㇱᵴേߦኻߔࠆ࠾࡯࠭ ᰴߦ㧘ㇱᵴേߦኻߔࠆ࠾࡯࠭ߦߟ޿ߡᬌ⸛ߔࠆ㧚ߥ߅㧘ߎߎߢߪㇱᵴേߦኻߔࠆ࠾࡯࠭ࠍ‫ޟ‬ㇱᵴേࠍలታߐߖࠆߚ߼ߩᜰዉ࡮ㆇ༡ߦ㑐ߔࠆⷐᦸ‫ߣޠ‬ቯ⟵ߒߡ߅ߊ㧚⴫㪄㪐ߪ㧘ㇱᵴേߦኻߔࠆ࠾࡯࠭ࠍ዆ߨߚ⚿ᨐߢ޽ࠆ㧚 ‫߁ߘ߽ߡߣޟ‬ᕁ߁‫߁ߘ߫߃޿ߣ߆ࠄߜߤޟߣޠ‬ᕁ߁‫ࠍޠ‬ว⸘ߒ㧘ᜰ៰₸ߩ㜞߆ߞߚ㗄⋡㗅ߦਗ߮ߥ߅ߒߡ㧘ߘߩᜰ៰₸ߦ⌕⋡ߔࠆߣ㧘ᦨ߽㜞޿ᜰ៰₸ࠍ㧟㧚㧡 ㇱᵴേߩ౉ㇱࠍ㒖ኂߔࠆⷐ࿃␜ߒߡ޿ࠆ㗄⋡ߪ㧘‫ޟ‬ਅ⚖↢߆ࠄ਄⚖↢߹ߢ৻✜ߦᰴߦ㧘ㇱᵴേߩ౉ㇱࠍ㒖ኂߔࠆⷐ࿃ߦߟ޿ߡᬌ⸛ߥߞߡᭉߒ߼ࠆㇱ‫ޠ‬㧔95.2%㧕ߢ޽ࠆ㧚⛯޿ߡ㧘ߒߚ޿㧚ౕ૕⊛ߦߪ㧘‫ޟ‬ㇱᵴേߦ౉ࠈ߁ߣ⠨߃ߡ޿‫ޟ‬ೋᔃ⠪㧘⚻㛎⠪ߦ㑐ଥߥߊ㧘޿ࠈ޿ࠈߥᛛⴚ࡟ࡌ߹ߔ߆‫߁޿ߣޠ‬໧޿ߦ㧘‫ߛ߹ޟ‬᳿߼ߡ޿ߥ޿‫ޠ‬㧘‫ߣޠ߃޿޿ޟ‬࿁╵ߒߚቇ↢ߦ㧘౉ㇱࠍ᳿߼ߡ޿ߥ޿㧘 ࡞ߩੱ߇৻✜ߦߥߞߡᭉߒ߼ࠆㇱ‫ޠ‬㧔91.3%㧕㧘
‫ޟ‬㧡ᐕ㑆⛯ߌࠄࠇࠆㇱ‫ޠ‬㧔83.4%㧕ߣߥߞߡ޿ࠆ㧚౉ㇱߒߥ޿ℂ↱ࠍⶄᢙ࿁╵ࠍนߣߒ዆ߨߚ㧚 ᰴߦ㧘㜞޿ᜰ៰₸ࠍ␜ߒߚߩ߇㧘‫⥄ޟ‬ಽ㧔ߚߜ㧕⴫㪄㪏ࠍ⷗ߡߺࠆߣ㧘‫✵ޟ‬⠌ߦᤨ㑆ࠍߣࠄࠇߡ㧘ീߢ⥄ਥ⊛ߦ⋡ᮡ߿✵⠌⸘↹ࠍ┙ߡߡ㧘ߘࠇࠍታ〣ߔᒝߦߐߒߟ߆߃ࠆߣ޿ߌߥ޿߆ࠄ‫߇ޠ‬51.8%ߣᦨ߽ࠆ ㇱ ‫ ޠ‬㧔 74.7% 㧕 㧘 ‫ ✵ ߣ ࠅ ߆ ߞ ߒ ޟ‬⠌ ߔ ࠆ ㇱ ‫ޠ‬ᄙ޿㧚
㧔68.3%㧕ߢ޽ࠅ㧘ㇱᵴേߦ⥄ਥ⊛㧘Ⓧᭂ⊛ߦ㑐ࠊ⴫㪄㪏㩷 ㇱᵴേߩ౉ㇱࠍ㒖ኂߔࠆⷐ࿃㧔%㧕㩷
ߞߡ޿ߎ߁ߣߔࠆᆫ߇⷗ߡߣࠇࠆ㧚⥄ಽߩ౉ࠅߚ޿ࠢ࡜ࡉ߇ߥ޿߆ࠄ ߚߛ㧘หᤨߦ㧘ᢎᏧߣߩ㑐ࠊࠅ߽᳞߼ߡ޿ࠆࠃ߁
10.3
ߢ޽ࠆ㧚‫ޟ‬ኾ㐷⊛ߥᛛⴚࠍᢎ߃ߡߊࠇࠆㇱ‫ޠ‬਄ᚻߥੱߒ߆ᭉߒ߼ߥ޿ߣᕁ߁߆ࠄ
17.5
㧔67.8%㧕㧘‫ޟ‬వ↢߇ߜ߾ࠎߣ⷗ߡߊࠇߡ޿ࠆㇱ‫ޠ‬ㇱᵴേ߇ᵴ⊒ߢߪߥߐߘ߁ߛ߆ࠄ
㧔60.0%㧕ߣ޿ߞߚ㗄⋡ߩᜰ៰₸ߩ㜞ߐߪ㧘ߘߩߎ
5.3ߣࠍ␜ߒߡ޿ࠆߣ޿߃ࠃ߁㧚✵⠌ߦᤨ㑆ࠍߣࠄࠇߡ㧘ീᒝߦߐߒߟ
51.8 ൎ೑⥋㜞ߪ㧘ߘࠇ߶ߤ㜞ߊߥ޿ߣ⸒߃ࠃ߁㧚‫ోޟ‬߆߃ࠆߣ޿ߌߥ޿߆ࠄ࿖࡟ࡌ࡞ߩᄢળ߿ࠦࡦࠢ࡯࡞ߢᵴべߢ߈ࠆㇱ‫ޠ‬ℂ↱ߪߥ޿߇ߥࠎߣߥߊ
33.3
㧔53.7%㧕ߦߥࠆߚ߼ߦߪ㧘ᣣ‫ߩޘ‬෩ߒ޿✵⠌߇᳞ቇᩞᄖߢ߿ߞߡ޿ࠆ⠌޿੐߿⿰๧╬ߦ߼ࠄࠇࠆ߇㧘ߘ߁ߒߚ‫ޟ‬Ფᣣ✵⠌ߔࠆㇱ‫ޠ‬22.8
ขࠅ⚵ߺߚ޿߆ࠄ
㧔36.6%㧕㧘‫ޟ‬ൎߟߎߣࠍ⋡ᜰߒߡ෩ߒ޿✵⠌ࠍߔࠆㇱ‫ޠ‬㧔32.7%㧕ߪ㧘޽߹ࠅᦸࠎߢ޿ߥ޿㧚
ᵴേߦ߅㊄߇߆߆ࠆ߆ࠄ
10.5
ߟ߹ࠅ㧘ቇ↢ߩㇱᵴേߦኻߔࠆ࠾࡯࠭ߪ㧘ో࿖࡟ࡌ࡞ߩᄢળ߿ࠦࡦࠢ࡯࡞ߩᵴべߘߩ߽ߩߦ޽ࠆߣ޿
ᰴߪ㧘‫ޟ‬ℂ↱ߪߥ޿߇ߥࠎߣߥߊ‫ޠ‬㧔33.3%㧕㧘
߁ࠃࠅߪ㧘వヘ࡮ખ㑆ߣදജ㧘ಾ⏢℉⏴ߒߥ߇ࠄ⥝― 21 ―

‫ܨ‬આ̜৻ડ๧࡮㑐ᔃߩ޽ࠆߎߣࠍㅊ᳞ߒ㧘ߘߩߎߣ߇⚿ᨐ⊛ߦో࿖࡟ࡌ࡞ߩᄢળ߿ࠦࡦࠢ࡯࡞ߣ޿ߞߚᄢ߈ߥᄢળߦߟߥ߇ࠇ߫ࠃ޿ߣ⠨߃ߡ޿ࠆߣ⸃㉼ߢ߈ࠆ㧚‫ߩઁޟ‬ㇱᵴേ߳ߩෳട߽⹺߼ߡߊࠇࠆㇱ‫ޠ‬
㧔39.6%㧕ߩᜰ៰₸ߪ㧘߭ߣߟߩᵴേߦ․ൻߔࠆߩߢߪߥߊ㧘᭽‫ߥޘ‬ᵴേߦ࠴ࡖ࡟ࡦࠫߒߡߺߚ޿ߣ޿߁ᄙᔒะᕈࠍ␜ߒߡ޿ࠆ߽ߩߣᕁࠊࠇࠆ㧚Ꮧᦸߪ㜞޿㧚ᓐࠄߩ౉ㇱߩᗧᕁࠍ౉ㇱⴕേߦߟߥߍࠆߎߣ߇ߢ߈ࠆ߆ߤ߁߆߇㧘ㇱᵴേߩᵴᕈൻߩࡐࠗࡦ࠻ߣߥࠆߣᕁࠊࠇࠆ㧚ߘߩߎߣߣ㑐ࠊߞߡ╙ੑߦ㧘ㇱᵴേߦነߖࠆᦼᓙ߽㜞޿㧚ౕ૕⊛ߦߪ㧘‫ޟ‬ખߩࠃ޿෹㆐߿వヘ߇ߢ߈ࠆ‫ޠ‬㧘‫ޟ‬ᅢ߈ߥߎߣ߇߁߹ߊߥࠆ‫ޠ‬㧘‫ޟ‬᝼ᬺߣߪ㆑ߞߚలታᗵ߿㆐ᚑᗵ߇ᓧࠄࠇࠆ‫ᦼࠍߣߎޠ‬ᓙߒߡ޿ࠆ߇㧘‫޿⦟ߩࡓ࠭࡝ޟ‬ቇᩞ↢ᵴߦߥࠆ‫ޠ‬㧘‫ޟ‬ቇᬺߦ޿޿ᓇ㗀߇޽ࠆ‫ᦼߦޠ‬ᓙࠍነߖ޿ߡ޿ࠆቇ↢߽ ᄙߊ޿ࠆ㧚㧠⠨ኤ̆࠾࡯࠭߆ࠄ⷗ࠆㇱᵴേᜰዉ࡮ㆇ༡ߩ ╙ਃߦ㧘ㇱᵴേ࠾࡯࠭ࠍಽᨆߔࠆߣ㧘ᧄᩞߩㇱᵴ⺖㗴̆േㆇ༡ߦ޽ߚࠆߦߪ㧘㜞ᐲߥᜰዉജ߇᳞߼ࠄࠇࠆߎᢎ⢒⎇ⓥߦ߅ߌࠆቇ⠌⠪ߩ࠾࡯࠭⺞ᩏߩ㔍ߒߐߪ㧘 ߣ߇ࠊ߆ࠆ㧚 ቇ↢ߪ㧘ਅ⚖↢߆ࠄ਄⚖↢߹ߢ৻✜ߦߥߞߡᭉߒቇ⠌⠪ߩ࠾࡯࠭ࠍᛠីߒߥ߇ࠄ߽㧘නߦߘࠇࠍḩߚ߼ߡ㧘‫ޟ‬ೋᔃ⠪㧘⚻㛎⠪ߦ㑐ଥߥߊ㧘޿ࠈ޿ࠈߥᛛߖ߫ࠃ޿ߣ޿߁ࠊߌߢߪߥ޿ߣߎࠈߦ޽ࠆ㧚ߚߣ߃‫⥄ޟ‬ಽ㧔ߚߜ㧕ߢਥ૕⊛ߦ⋡ᮡ߿✵⠌⸘↹ࠍ┙ߡߡ㧘 ⴚ࡟ࡌ࡞ߩੱ߇৻✜ߦߥߞߡᭉߒ߼ࠆㇱ‫ߢࠎᦸࠍޠ‬޿ࠆ㧚߹ߚ㧘㧡ᐕ㑆⛯ߌߚ޿ߣ⠨߃ߡ޿ࠆ㧚ߎߎ߆ߘࠇࠍታ〣ߒߚ޿‫߽ߡߒߣߚ޿ߡߒᦸⷐߣޠ‬㧘ᣇะࠄ㧘ᐕ㦂㧘ᛛⴚߦ᏷ߩ޽ࠆ㓸࿅ࠍᜰዉߔࠆജ㊂߇᳞ᕈ߿ᣇᴺ߇⺋ߞߡ޿ߚࠅ㧘วℂ⊛ߢߥߌࠇ߫㧘ߘࠇ߼ࠄࠇࠆߎߣ߇߁߆߇߃ࠆ㧚ࠍᣇะߠߌߡ޽ߍߥߌࠇ߫ߥࠄߥ޿ߩ߇ᢎᏧߩᓎഀ ߹ߚ㧘‫⥄ޟ‬ಽ㧔ߚߜ㧕ߢ⥄ਥ⊛ߦ⋡ᮡ߿✵⠌⸘↹ߢ޽ࠆ㧚ᦨᓟߦ㧘ߎࠇ߹ߢߩಽᨆࠍㅢߓߡ㧘㜞╬ኾࠍ┙ߡߡ㧘ߘࠇࠍታ〣ߔࠆㇱ‫ߦ߁ࠃࠆ߆ࠊࠄ߆ޠ‬㧘㐷ቇᩞߦ߅ߌࠆㇱᵴേᜰዉ࡮ㆇ༡ߦ㑐ߔࠆ␜ໂࠍ⠨ቇ↢ߪㇱᵴേࠍਥ૕⊛ߦഃߞߡ޿ߎ߁ߣߔࠆᗧᕁ߇ኤߒߚ޿㧚޽ࠆ৻ᣇ㧘‫ޟ‬ኾ㐷⊛ߥᛛⴚࠍᢎ߃ߡߊࠇࠆㇱ‫ޠ‬㧘╙৻ߦ㧘౉ቇᤨὐߢߩቇ↢ߩㇱᵴേߦኻߔࠆ౉ㇱ⴫㪄㪐㩷 ㇱᵴേߦኻߔࠆ࠾࡯࠭㧔%㧕㩷䎲ߣߡ߽ߘ߁ᕁ߁䎳ߣ䎲ߤߜࠄ߆ߣ޿߃߫ߘ߁ᕁ߁䎳ߩว⸘ߣߡ߽ߘ߁ᕁ߁ߤߜࠄ߆ߣ޿߃߫ߘ߁ᕁ߁ߤߜࠄߣ߽޿߃ߥ޿ߤߜࠄ߆ߣ޿߃߫ߘ߁ᕁࠊߥ޿߹䏉ߚߊߘ߁ᕁࠊߥ޿ਅ⚖↢߆ࠄ਄⚖↢߹ߢ৻✜ߦߥߞߡᭉߒ߼ࠆㇱೋᔃ⠪㧘⚻㛎⠪ߦ㑐ଥߥߊ㧘޿ࠈ޿ࠈߥᛛⴚ࡟ࡌ࡞ߩੱ߇৻✜ߦߥߞߡᭉߒ߼ࠆㇱ㧡ᐕ㑆⛯ߌࠄࠇࠆㇱ⥄ಽ㧔ߚߜ㧕ߢ⥄ਥ⊛ߦ⋡ᮡ߿✵⠌⸘↹ࠍ┙ߡߡ㧘ߘࠇࠍታ〣ߔࠆㇱߒߞ߆ࠅߣ✵⠌ߔࠆㇱኾ㐷⊛ߥᛛⴚࠍᢎ߃ߡߊࠇࠆㇱవ↢߇ߜ߾ࠎߣ⷗ߡߊࠇߡ޿ࠆㇱో࿖࡟ࡌ࡞ߩᄢળ߿ࠦࡦࠢ࡯࡞ߢᵴべߢ߈ࠆㇱઁߩㇱᵴേ߳ߩෳട߽⹺߼ߡߊࠇࠆㇱᲤᣣ✵⠌ߔࠆㇱൎߟߎߣࠍ⋡ᜰߒߡ෩ߒ޿✵⠌ࠍߔࠆㇱ

95.2

69.8

25.4

3.9

0.5

0.5

91.3

65.4

25.9

6.8

1.5

0.5

83.4

52.7

30.7

14.1

0.0

2.4

74.7

33.2

41.5

17.6

6.3

1.5

68.3
67.8
60.0
53.7
39.6
36.6
32.7

37.6
33.7
23.9
16.1
17.6
13.2
9.8

30.7
34.1
36.1
37.6
22.0
23.4
22.9

25.9
24.9
30.7
27.8
44.9
36.1
33.7

4.4
4.9
6.8
13.7
9.8
16.1
21.0

1.5
2.4
2.44.95.911.2
12.7― 22 ―৹๸ಕჸ޻৒ѠпцҀ޻ౡѣ࿫ߋຍҾ̷ҭѠ࠙юҀय़ࢅ‫ޟ‬వ↢߇ߜ߾ࠎߣ⷗ߡߊࠇߡ޿ࠆㇱ‫ࠆ޿ߢࠎᦸ߽ޠ‬㧚ᢎᏧ߇㧘ㇱᵴേᜰዉ㧘ㆇ༡߳ߤߩࠃ߁ߦ㧘ߤߩ⒟ᐲ㧘㑐ਈߔࠇ߫ࠃ޿ߩ߆㧘ߘߩ࿎㔍ߐ߇߁߆߇߃ࠆ㧚ᢎຬਥዉߩㇱᵴേ߆ࠄቇ↢ਥዉߩㇱᵴേ߳ࠪࡈ࠻ߒߚ
㜞㊁ߩ੐଀ߢߪ㧘ቇ↢ਥዉߩㇱᵴേߦࠪࡈ࠻ߔࠆߎߣߢ‫ޟ‬ᣣᏱ⊛ߥჿ߇ߌࠍ੹߹ߢએ਄ߦⴕ߁ߎߣࠍᔃ߇ߌߚ‫ޠ‬㧔p.766㧕ߣ޿߁㧚ߎࠇߪ㧘ቇ↢ਥዉߣߪ㧘ᢎຬ߇නߦ㑐ਈߒߥ޿ߎߣߢߪߥߊ㧘ቇ↢ਥዉߛ߆ࠄߎߘᜰዉ߇ᔅⷐߦߥࠆߎߣࠍ␜ߒߡ޿ࠆ㧚⥄ਥᕈ߆㧘ኾ㐷⊛ᜰዉ߆ߣ޿ߞߚੑ⠪ᛯ৻⊛⠨߃ߢߪㆇ༡߇ᚑࠅ┙ߚߕ㧘⥄ਥᕈߢ߽޽ࠅ㧘ኾ㐷⊛ᜰዉߢ߽޽ࠅߣ޿߁ਔ⠪ࠍ૬ሽߐߖߚㆇ༡߇᳞߼ࠄࠇࠆ㧚 ╙྾ߦ㧘ㇱᵴേߦ ๮ߦขࠅ⚵߻ߎߣߪ㧘ቇᬺ߿ኅᐸߢߩቇ⠌ߦ⢐ቯ⊛ᓇ㗀ࠍ෸߷ߔน⢻ᕈ߇޽ࠆ㧚ዋߥߊߣ߽㧘ᧄ⺞ᩏߢߪ㧘ቇᬺࠍᄢ߈ߊᅹߍࠆ੐ታߪ⏕⹺ߢ߈ߥ޿㧚ർ᧛ߩႎ๔ߢߪ㧘㜞╬ኾ㐷ቇᩞߩࠞ࡝ࠠࡘ࡜ࡓ਄ߩ․᦭ߐ߆ࠄ㧘ቇᬺߣㇱᵴേߩਔ┙ߩ࿎㔍ᕈ߇ᜰ៰ߐࠇߡ޿ࠆ㧚ߚߛ㧘ቇᬺ߳෸߷ߔ⢐ቯ⊛ᓇ㗀߿ቇ↢ߩㇱᵴേߦኻߔࠆᦼᓙ߿࠾࡯࠭ࠍ⠨߃ࠇ߫㧘ᢎຬ߇ᒰ੐⠪ߣߒߡฦᵴേߦࠃࠅࠦࡒ࠶࠻ߒߟߟ㧘หᤨߦ㧘ฦㇱߩᵴേߩߺߦ㐽ߓࠆߎߣߥߊ㧘ᢎຬ㑆ߢࠦࡒࡘ࠾ࠤ࡯࡚ࠪࡦࠍᵴᕈൻߒߥ߇ࠄ㧘ലᨐ㧘ല₸⊛ߥㇱᵴേᜰዉ࡮ㆇ༡ߦ㑐ߔࠆࠕࠗ࠺ࠕ߿⍮⼂ߩ౒᦭ࠍ࿑ߞߡ޿ߊ㧘ߎࠇࠍหᤨਗⴕ⊛ߦⴕ߁ߎߣ߇ᔅⷐߢߪߥ޿ߛࠈ߁߆㧚2)ᣇߦߟ޿ߡ㧘㐳ጟᎿᬺ㜞╬ኾ㐷ቇᩞ⎇ⓥ♿ⷐ㧘╙14Ꮞ4ภ㧘pp.113-120㧘1978.
3)

㜞㊁ᷕม㧦ቇ↢߇ਥ૕⊛ߦㆇ༡ߔࠆㇱᵴേߩ઀⚵ߺߦ㑐ߔࠆታ〣⎇ⓥ̆ ৻㑐㜞ኾ↵ሶࡃ࡟࡯ࡏ࡯࡞ㇱࠍ଀ߦ̆㧘㜞ኾᢎ⢒㧘pp.761-766㧘2011.

4)౗᧛⵨੺㧘⍫Ỉ⌬㧘⥜㇊Ꭸዏᒄ㧘⍫ፉ㇌ᤘ㧦ㇱᵴേߦ߅ߌࠆᣂߒ޿ขࠅ⚵ߺ̆઄บ㜞ኾᐢἑࠠࡖࡦࡄࠬ࡜ࠣࡆ࡯ㇱߩ࿾ၞ⽸₂ᵴേߣዋੱᢙ೙ᄢળ߳ߩෳട̆㧘㜞ኾᢎ⢒㧘pp.767-772㧘2011.5)ਛỈ◊㧘⷏ፉᄩ㧘⍫㊁ඳਯ㧘ᾢ⼱ାม㧦ਛቇᩞㇱᵴേߩᜰዉ࡮ㆇ༡ߩ⃻⁁ߣᰴᦼᜰዉⷐ㗔ߦะߌߚ⺖㗴ߦ㑐ߔࠆᢎ⢒␠ળቇ⊛⎇ⓥ㧘᧲੩ᄢቇᄢቇ㒮ᢎ⢒ቇ⎇ⓥ⑼♿ⷐ╙48Ꮞ㧘pp.317-337㧘2008.

6)

㧡⚿⺆
ᧄⓂߪ㧘ቇ↢ࠍኻ⽎ߦߒߚ⾰໧⚕⺞ᩏ߆ࠄ㧘㜞╬ኾ㐷ቇᩞߦ߅ߌࠆㇱᵴേߩᜰዉ࡮ㆇ༡ߩ࿷ࠅᣇߦߟ޿ߡ⠨ኤߔࠆߎߣࠍ⋡⊛ߣߒߚ㧚ᧄᩞߢߪ㧘੹ᐕᐲ߆ࠄㇱᵴേߩ૕㛎㧘⷗ቇߩᦼ㑆߇⸳ߌࠄࠇߚࠅ㧘౉ㇱࠍⓍᭂ⊛ߦផㅴߔࠆ⹜ߺ߇ߥߐࠇߡ޿ࠆ㧚ಽᨆ⚿ᨐ߆ࠄߺߡ߽㧘ߎ߁ߒߚ⹜ߺߪ㧘৻ቯߩലᨐࠍᜬߞߡ޿ࠆߣᕁࠊࠇࠆ㧚ߚߛ㧘౉ㇱᓟߩᓐࠄߩᡰេ૕೙ߦߟ޿ߡߪ㧘੹ᓟ㧘ᬌ⸛߇ᔅⷐߛࠈ߁㧚ᧄⓂߪ㧘㜞╬ኾ㐷ቇᩞߩㇱᵴേᜰዉ࡮ㆇ༡ߦ
ߟ޿ߡ⾰໧⚕⺞ᩏߦࠃߞߡዪᚲ⊛ߥ௑ะࠍᛠីߒߚߦㆊ߉ߥ޿㧚ಽᨆ⚿ᨐࠍᔨ㗡ߦ⟎߈ߥ߇ࠄ㧘ᵴജ߇વ᠞ߔࠆࠃ߁ߥㇱᵴേߠߊࠅߦෳടߒߡ޿ߊߎߣ㧘ߎࠇ߇╩⠪ߩㇱᵴേᜰዉ㧘ㆇ༡ߦ㑐ߔࠆታ〣⊛⺖㗴ߢ޽ࠆ㧚ෳ⠨ᢥ₂1)ർ᧛⋥᮸㧦⺖ᄖᢎ⢒ᵴേߩ⋡⊛ߣᧄᩞ㊁⃿ㇱߩ࿷ࠅ⁛┙ⴕ᡽ᴺੱ࿖┙㜞╬ኾ㐷ቇᩞᯏ᭴㧦ᐔᚑ22ᐕᐲ㜞╬ኾ㐷ቇᩞᣂછᢎຬ⎇ୃળႎ๔ᦠ㧘pp.1-91㧘2010.

― 23 ―⷏ፉᄩ㧦ㇱᵴേߘߩ⃻⁁ߣߎࠇ߆ࠄߩ޽ࠅᣇ㧘ቇ੐಴

㧘2006.
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