KASI contribution to Space
Weather over the past 10 years

Kyungsuk Cho, Young-Deuk Park, &Solar and Space Weather Group1

Before 2004
Sunspot Telescope (Since 1979)

Solar Flare Telescope (Since 1995)
Solar Spectrograph (Since 2002)Ⓒ Korea Astronomy and Space Science Institute. All rights reserved.

2

NJIT Collaboration(2004. ~ )NST (CT) Installation

KSRBL Installation

NST @ BBSONew Solar Telescope (NST)

1.6 m off-axis Telescope

Big Bear Solar Observatory(BBSO)

4

NST and FISS
Fast Imaging Solar
Spectrograph (FISS)

Solar Phys. 2013
8 papers published
5KSRBL: Korean Solar Radio Burst Locator••••••

Frequency Band: 245, 410 MHz, 0.5-18 GHz
Frequency Resolution: 1 MHz (typical), 0.25
MHz (full)
Minimum Integration Time: 25 ms
Time Cadence: 2 s
Polarization: Vertical (245, 410 MHz), RCP(0.5–18 GHz)
Location Accuracy: 2′6

Magnetic Structure and Nonthermal Electrons in the X6.9 Flare on 2011 August 09[ The Astrophysical Journal, 796:80 (11pp), 2014 December 1 ]13

KSWPC(2007. ~ 2012)

R&D for Space Weather

NASA Collaboration

KSWPC major activities

Space weather
monitoring lab

International workshop for23th solar maximum

VHF radar operation

User group workshop

RBSP Antenna operation

SDO data center9Basic Facilities for Space Weather

2007Ⓒ Korea Astronomy and Space Science Institute. All rights reserved.

10

(1) Ionosphere observation (VHF Radar, P-18)
E region

F region

40.8MHz, 24kW, KAF, CSRⒸ Korea Astronomy and Space Science Institute. All rights reserved.

11

(2) Geomagnetic field Observation (Mt. Bohyun) Fluxgate (0.01nT, 1sec) and proton sensor (0.1nT, 5sec)

Sensor(x,y,z), proton sensor and data logger

Geomagnetic data MI(Magneto-Impedance) sensor(10Hz, 0.1 sec)

Sensor(x,y,z), pre-amp and data logger

Wave spectrum

(3) Solar Radio Observation (E-callisto, P-1)
••
•••
•
•
•

Frequency Range: 45 – 870 MHz
Number of Channels per Spectrum: 200
Frequency Width per Channel: 300 kHz
Time Cadence: 0.25 s
Polarization: Horizontal
ETH (Receiver) + KASI (Antenna and etc.)
Installation in 2007 Oct.
Solar radio burst monitoring, research on CME
shock and solar energetic particle ejectionⒸ Korea Astronomy and Space Science Institute. All rights reserved.

13

(4) Model Development (Storm Forecast, E1-5)• Inputs– CME time, AW, and F/B– CME source location, magnetic field orientation– CME propagation speed and direction (D)• Outputs (forecast)– Storm time and Storm strength (Dst)– Probability of storm

(5) Model Development (RB simulation)

VERB provided by UCLA(6) Service for Users (Satellite Operation)

(7) Service for Users (Korean Air, Polar Route)

Aurora

HF attenuation

Related to G1-5

Collaborations with NASA since2010
KASI-NASA scientist collaboration

18

LOA between NASA and KASI July 29, 2010 : NASA-KASI LOA

19Cooperation between NASA and KASI◀
Korean Data Center forSDO (Solar Dynamics Observatory)

Korean Ground Receiving System for▼ RBSP (Radiation Belt Storm Probes)

20

KASI SDO Data Center ()21

KDC Computer System (P-4)
Korean Data Center-Server
Storage system for SDO data

SDO Data Stroage (FITS, JPEG)

Servers/Network system
22Current status of Data Accumulation2014 Sep
FITS

JP2

Available date2012.03.01 ~current

2010.09.01 ~Current

Total Data size

800 TB

30 TB

Data transfer
capacity (1 day)

5.5 TB

80 GB

Data transfer rate

800 KB/s ~ 1500 KB/s

500 KB/s ~ 1000 KB/s

23

KASI SDO Website ()24

HAEBOGI

25

Upflows and MW emission above Hot Supra-arcade
Structure (Kim S. 2014, Astrophysical Journal))
NoRH

Increase of MW emission

SolarDynamics
Observatory

Upflows of hot plasma

First report of the upflows and MW emission in hot flare plasma based on
the NoRH and SDO/AIA observations
26

VAP Receiving System

International Conference onRadiation Belts and Space Weather(2012. May 29 – June 1)27

9/11 (KST)

9/13 (KST)
9/12 (KST)Space weather data

Third Van Allen Radiation Ring (Nature Physics, Shprits et al. 2013)

A Third radiation belt
observed by VAP
Strong EMIC wave activity

VAP Observation

VERB simulation

The simulation matched the observations fromNASA’VAP mission extraordinarily well,confirming the new theory about the new ring.

Third radiation belt formation
by interaction of electrons with
EMIC wave

29

BASIC RESEARCH SINCE 2009
Solar activity and space
weather prediction

Integrated research on sun-Earth Connection

Solaractivity

CME, Flare,
High-speed solar
wind streams (HSS)

Earth'smagnetosphere

Ionosphere/Upper
atmosphereElectric/magnetic field, Magnetic storm, aurora,interplanetary shock
high-energy particle
waves
30

Research RoadmapResearch goal

Step 22010

2011

2012

CME occurrence/acceleration mechanism
Study of geo-effective CME

Magnetosphericstudy

Energy transfer mechanism
from Sun to MagnetosphereIono-/Upper
Atmospheric
study

Ionosphere/upper atmosphere response toCME/HSS, IMF and Interplanetary shock wave

Products(Indicators)

Step 320132014

CME dynamics using high resolution
ground- and space-based observations

High Resolution observation using NST
Relationship between geomagneticstorms and high-energy particle
using RBSP data

Study of geomagnetic storm
occurrence mechanism

Entry of leading
research groupSolar
activity
study

Effect of solar eruption andHSS on near-earth space

ROADMAP

Step 12009

Energy exchange mechanism
between magnetosphere andionosphere/upper atmosphere
Understand physicalrelationship between CME/HSS,
IMF and interplanetary shockwaves
Space weathermodel development

Understand solar
eruption mechanism
Understand causal relationshipamong sun-magnetosphere –ionosphere/upper atmosphere31Collaboration with STEL
Solar and space weather workshop
between KASI and Nagoya university

32

Visiting of World-class scientists
Dr. Tsuneta(Japan)

Dr. Lamaire(Belgium)

Dr. Cheng (Taiwan)

Dr. Kocharov (Russia)

Dr. Nakariakov (UK)

Dr. Richmond (USA)33

Six years publications
Year

Total publications(SCI/None SCI)

AD index∗

SCI publications
per person2009

19 (17/2)

5.6

2.9

2010

16 (12/4)

5.0

1.8

2011

17 (17/0)

5.43

2.6

2012

20 (20/0)

6.7

2.4

2013

24 (22/2)

8.64

2.6

2014

23(23/0)

8.3

2.9

Total119(111/8)

6.6

2.5

 Seminar and Journal club : 60 times/yr*AD (advanced degree) index: Σ (SCI ‘s IF × author’s weighting)/ the number ofresearchers34

Thank you
www.kasi.re.kr