㈨ᩱ䠓2019-2023ᖺࡢ▼す♋†⮬↛෌⏕඲యᵓ᝿࡟㛵ࡍࡿᥦゝ㸸ࠕ▱ࡿࠖ㡯┠࡟ࡘ࠸࡚㟼ᒸ኱Ꮫ ๰㐀⛉Ꮫᢏ⾡኱Ꮫ㝔 㕥ᮌḰ࣭࢝ࢧࣞࢺ ࣋࢔ࢺࣜࢫࣔࢽࢱࣜࣥࢢ࡜ࡣࠊࡑࡢ┠ᶆࡣࢧࣥࢦ⮬㌟ࡢ೺඲࡞௦ㅰάື㸦ගྜᡂ㸸ࢡࣟࣟࣇ࢕࣭ࣝ࿧྾㸸㓟⣲㸧࡜ࡑࢀࢆྍ⬟࡟ࡍࡿᾏỈ୰ࡢỈ ࣭ሷศ࣭ග㔞ࠊὶ㏿ࠊᆅᙧㄪᰝ࡜Ỉ㉁ࡸሁ✚≀ࠊ㝣࠿ࡽࡢ㈇Ⲵ➼ࡢࢹ࣮ࢱࢆྲྀᚓࡋࠊࢧࣥࢦࡸࢧࣥࢦ♋⏕≀ࠊ⏕ែ⣔࡟ఱࡀ㉳ࡁ࡚࠸ࡿࡢ࠿ࢆࡁࡕࢇ࡜⛉Ꮫⓗ࡟⌮ゎࡋࠊࡑࡢୖ࡛᭱㐺࡞ᑐ⟇ࢆ❧࡚ࠊᐇ⾜ࡍࡿࡇ࡜ࠋࡲࡓࡑࡢᐇ⾜ࡢࡓࡵ࡟ከࡃࡢே࡟ᮏᙜࡢࡇ࡜ࢆ⌮ゎࡋ࡚ࠊࢧ࣏࣮ࢺ࠶ࡿ࠸ࡣཧຍࢆಁࡍࡇ࡜࡛࠶ࡿࠋࠕᕷẸ⛉Ꮫࠖࡢ☜❧ࡢ㔜せᛶࠋ⛉Ꮫⓗドᣐࡸࢹ࣮ࢱ࡛ࡁࡕࢇ࡜ᑐᛂࡍࡿࠋᛮ࠸ࡸ࢖࣓࣮ࢪ࡛Ỵࡋ࡚⾜ືࡋࡓࡾᑐ⟇ࢆ❧࡚࡞࠸ࠋ௒▼す♋†ࡢ⮬↛෌⏕஦ᴗࡣᢳ㇟ⓗ࡞ゝⴥࡸ࿧ࡧ࠿ࡅ࡛࡞ࡃࠊ
ලయⓗ⾜ືࡢᣦ㔪ࢆᚲせ࡜ࡋ࡚࠸ࡿࠋࡑࢀࡣ◊✲⪅࣭ᕷẸ࣭ࢲ࢖ࣂ࣮࣭⁺༠➼ᵝࠎேࡢ༠ാస
ᴗ࡟ࡼࡿࣉࣛࢵࢺࣇ࢛࣮࣒ࡢᵓ⠏ࡀ⥭ᛴ࡛࠶ࡿࠋ䝃䞁䝂♋䛾௒䜢▱䜛ㄪᰝ䝰䝙䝍䝸䞁䜾 䠙䛂▱䜛䛃 䠖ఱ䛜㉳䛝䛶䛔䜛䛾䛛䜢▱䜛䛣䛸䛺䛧䛻䝃䞁䝂䛸䝃䞁䝂♋䜢Ᏺ䜛᭱㐺䛺ᑐ⟇䛿⏕䜎䜜䛺䛔⎔ቃ䛾䝰䝙䝍䝸䞁䜾ㄪᰝ 䠄䝃䞁䝂➼䛾⏕≀⩌㞟䛾⏕ᜥ⎔ቃ䜢▱䜛䠅 䝃䞁䝂䛸䝃䞁䝂♋⏕ែ⣔䛾䝰䝙䝍䝸䞁䜾ㄪᰝ 䠄೺඲ᛶ䜢▱䜛䠅
Ỉ㉁ㄪᰝ

≀⌮ᡂศỈ 䚸ሷศ䚸ග㔞䚸ὶ㏿໬Ꮫ䞉⏕≀ᡂศᰤ㣴ሷ䚸᭷ᶵⅣ⣲䚸᭷ᶵ❅⣲䚸䝞䜽䝔䝸䜰䚸䜽䝻䝻䝣䜱䝹䚸㎰⸆䜔㝖ⲡ๣➼ሁ✚≀䞉ᗏᒙ䝃䞁䝂㉥ᅵ䛾ሁ✚㔞䚸 ໬Ꮫ䞉⏕≀ᡂศ⢏ᗘศᕸ䚸❅⣲䞉Ⅳ⣲㔞᭷ᶵ≀㔞䝞䜽䝔䝸䜰Ỉ 䛸ග㔞䛸
ὶ㏿䛿㔜せ䛷䚸
ᆅᙧ䛸䛾㛵ಀ ◪㓟ሷ⃰ᗘ䛿䠎䛷ㄪᰝ䛩䜛䝰 μM௨ୗ䝸䞁㓟ሷ䝙䝍䝸䞁䜾㡯┠ ⃰ᗘ䛿1μM௨ୗὶ㏿䛿8cm/s 䛜ᮃ䜎䛧䛔䚹䝃䞁䡚25cm/䛜䝃 䝂䜈䛾┤᥋ⓗ䛺䞁䝂䛜೺඲䛻 ᙳ㡪䛿䜎䛰᫂☜䛷ᡂ㛗䛩䜛᮲௳䚹 䛿䛺䛔䛜䚸10μMග㔞䜒300௨ୖ䚹᭷ᶵ≀䛿ở
600μmol/m2,s ᰁ≀㉁௨እ䛿䝃䞁䝂䜈䛾ᙳ㡪䛾ሗ࿌౛䛿䛺䛔䝰䝙䝍䝸䞁䜾䛾ᐇ᪋⪅Ỉ 䞉ሷศ䞉ග㔞䛿ᆅඖ䛷ྍ⬟
ὶ㏿䛿䝁䞁䝃䝹䝍䞁䝖఍♫䞉◊✲⪅໬Ꮫ䞉⏕≀ᡂศ䛿◊✲⪅䞉⾜ᨻ◊✲ᡤ䞉䝁䞁䝃䝹䝍䞁䝖఍♫㉥ᅵ䛾䝃䞁䝂
♋ᇦ䜈䛾ὶධ
㔞䛸ሁ✚㔞䜢
ᢕᥱ䛩䜛䚹㉥ᅵ䛾䝃䞁䝂䜈䛾䜹䝞䞊᫬㛫䜒ᢕᥱ䛩䜛䝰䝙䝍䝸䞁䜾䛾ᐇ᪋⪅ᆅඖ䛸◊✲⪅䛾༠ຊ䛷ྍ⬟⏕ែ⣔䠄㣗≀⥙䠅ගྜᡂ⬟䠄PAM)䚸〓⹸⸴⣽⬊ᩘ䛸ᙧែ䚸Ⰽ⣲䠄䜽䝻䝻䝣䜱䝹䚸䝨䝸䝆䞁䠅䚸䝇䝖䝺䝇ᣦᶆ㓝⣲䚸䝞䜽䝔䝸䜰䚸DNA
䝃䞁䝂⿕ᗘ,ᙧ≧䚸ศᕸ䚸䝫䝸䝥䛾෗┿䝃䞁䝂௨እ䛾୺䛺⏕≀䠄㨶䚸䜴䝙䚸ᾏⲡ䠅䛸䜸䝙䝠䝖䝕䚸㣗ᕳ㈅䚸ሁ✚≀୰䛾ᚤᑠ䝥䝷䞁䜽䝖䞁䚸䝞䜽䝔䝸䜰ሁ✚≀䛾⯙䛔ୖ䛜䜚➼䛻䜘䜚䝃䞁䝂䛻ᙳ㡪䛩䜛ྍ⬟ᛶ䛾䛒䜛䛾䛿䝞䜽䝔䝸䜰䛸㎰⸆➼䛾ởᰁ≀㉁㉥ᅵ➼䛾┤᥋ⓗ䛿ሗ࿌౛䛿ᑡ䛺䛔䛩䜉䛶䛾⎔ቃᅉᏊ䛿䝃䞁䝂䛾⏕⌮Ꮫⓗ≧ែ䛻䛹䛖ᙳ㡪䜢୚䛘䛶䛔䜛䛾䛛䜢▱䜛䛣䛸䛿㠀ᖖ䛻㔜せ䛷䛒䜛䚹ୖグ䛾㡯┠䛿䛭䜜䜢ุ᩿䛩䜛ୖ䛷㔜せ䛷䛒䜛䚹እぢ䛰䛡䛷䛿୙༑ศ䚸䛒䜛䛔䛿ㄗ䛳䛯⤖ㄽ䛻⮳䜛䚹䝃䞁䝂䛭䛾䜒䛾䜢ㄪᰝ䛩䜛䛣䛸䛜㔜せ䚹䝃䞁䝂䛾ಖ඲䜔⮬↛෌⏕䛻䛿䝃䞁䝂௨እ䛾㨶䚸䜴䝙䚸䝘䝬䝁䚸ᾏⲡ䚸䝞䜽䝔䝸䜰䛜⏕ែ⣔䛸䛧䛶㔜せ䛷䛒䜛䚹䛣䜜䜙䛾ほᐹ䜔ㄪᰝ䜒㔜せ䛷䛒䜛䚹䜸䝙䝠䝖䝕䜔㣗ᕳ㈅䛿䝃
䞁䝂䛭䛾䜒䛾䛻䝎䝯䞊䝆䜢୚䛘䜛䛰䛡䛷䛺䛟䚸⑓ཎ⳦䛾፹௓⪅䛷䜒䛒䜛䚹䝰䝙䝍䝸䞁䜾䛾ᐇ᪋⪅䝁䞁䝃䝹䝍䞁䝖఍♫䞉◊✲⪅䞉⾜ᨻ◊✲ᡤ䝰䝙䝍䝸䞁䜾䛾ᐇ᪋⪅◊✲⪅䞉ほᐹ䛿ᆅඖ䞉䝁䞁䝃䝹䝍䞁䝖఍♫䝰䝙䝍䝸䞁䜾䛾ᐇ᪋⪅ᆅඖ䞉䝁䞁䝃䝹䝍䞁䝖఍♫䞉◊✲⪅䞉⾜ᨻᶵ㛵䞉⁺༠➼▼す♋†䝃䞁䝂♋䝰䝙䝍䝸䞁䜾䝥䝷䝒䝖䝣䜷䞊䝮䠄ᆅඖ䞉◊✲⪅䞉⾜ᨻᶵ㛵䞉⾜ᨻ◊✲ᡤ➼䛻䜘䜛༠ྠ䝛䝑䝖䝽䞊䜽䠅䝃䞁䝂♋䜈䛾㝣䛛䜙䛾ᙳ㡪䜢▱䜛䠖䝃䞁䝂♋䠄ᆅᙧ䠅䛷䛺䛟䝃䞁䝂䛚䜘䜃䝃䞁䝂♋⏕ែ⣔䜈䛾ᙳ㡪䛾㜈್䛸ලయⓗ䛺ᙳ㡪䛾ᐇែ䜢▱䜛䝃䞁䝂♋䜈䛾ලయⓗ䛺⎔ቃ㈇Ⲵ㔞䛾ᐇែㄪᰝ㉥ᅵ䛾ὶฟ㔞䞉ἙᕝỈ䜔㝆Ỉ䛾ὶධ㔞ἙᕝỈ䛸Ἑཱྀᇦ䛾ᰤ㣴ሷ䞉㎰⸆䞉㝖ⲡ๣➼䛾໬Ꮫ≀㉁⃰ᗘ䛸Ἑᕝ➼䛾ὶ㔞㉥ᅵ䜔᤼ỈἙᕝỈ୰䛾䝞䜽䝔䝸䜰ㄪᰝ᪉ἲ䠄䠍䠅 ἙᕝỈ䜢᥇ྲྀ䛧䚸␗䛺䜛䝃䜲䝈䛻䜘䜛䜅䜛䛔䜢⏝䛔䛶䜝㐣䛧䚸䛹䛾⛬ᗘ㉥ᅵ䛜ྵ䜎䜜䜛䛛㔜䛥䜢ィ䜛䚹ḟᮇ䛚䜘䜃Ἑᕝ䛾ሙᡤ䚸㞵䛾ᚋ䛺䛹ᵝ䚻䛺᮲௳䛷⾜䛔䚸ἙᕝỈ➼䜢㏻䛨䛶ὶ䜜ฟ䜛㉥ᅵ䛾༢఩Lᙜ䛯䜚䛾㔞䜢ᢕᥱ䛒䛖䜛䚹䠄䠎䠅Ἑᕝ䛾ὶ㔞䜢⾜ᨻᶵ㛵䛻䜘䜛᝟ሗ䜢ᚓ䛶䚸䠄䠍䠅䛷 ᐃ䛧䛯༢఩ᐜ✚ᙜ䛯䜚䛾㉥ᅵ㔞䜢᥃䛡⟬䛧䛶䝃䞁䝂♋䛻ὶ䜜㎸䜐㉥ᅵ㔞䜢᥎ᐃ䛩䜛䚹䠄䠏䠅Ἑཱྀ௜㏆䛾䝃䞁䝂䛻㉥ᅵ䛜௜╔➼䛧䛶䛔䜛ሙྜ䛜ほᐹ䛷䛝䛯䜙䚸᫬㛫ኚ໬䜢グ㘓䛧䚸䛹䛾⛬ᗘ䛾᫬㛫䝃䞁䝂䛻௜╔䛧䛶䛔䜛䛾䛛䛚䜘䛭䛾᫬㛫䜢᥎ᐃ䛩䜛䚹䛣䜜䛿㉥ᅵ䛾ᙳ㡪䜢ホ౯䛩䜛䛖䛘䛷㔜せ䛷䛒䜛䚹䠄䠐䠅ᰤ㣴ሷ䞉໬Ꮫᡂศ䜔䝞䜽䝔䝸䛾㔞䜒ศᯒ䛧䚸Ἑᕝ㔞ὶ㔞䜢᥃䛡⟬䛧䛶䚸䝃䞁䝂♋䜈䛾㈇Ⲵ㔞䜢᥎ᐃ䛩䜛䚹䠄䠑䠅㉥ᅵ䛾⢏ᗘู䛻ศ䛡䛶䚸䠄䠐䠅䛾ᡂศ䜢 ᐃ䛩䛩䜛䚹㉥ᅵ䛸䛸䜒䛻䝃䞁䝂♋ᇦ䛻ὶฟ䛩䜛㔞䜒ᢕᥱ䛷䛝䜛䚹㉥ᅵ䞉ᰤ㣴ሷ䞉໬Ꮫởᰁ≀㉁䠄㎰⸆䞉㝖ⲡ๣䠅䞉䝞䜽䝔䝸䜰䛾ᙳ㡪ホ౯䝃䞁䝂䜔୺せ䛺⏕≀䜈䛾ᙳ㡪ホ౯䛻䛿ᭀ㟢ᐇ㦂➼䛜ᚲせ␗䛺䜛Ỉ ᮲௳ୗ䛷䛭䜜䛮䜜䛾໬Ꮫ≀㉁䞉㉥ᅵ䞉䝞䜽䝔䝸䜰䜢䝃䞁䝂䜔⏕≀䜢䛔䜜䛯ᇵ㣴⎼䛻ῧຍ䛧䚸ᙳ㡪䛾⃰ᗘ䜔⛬ᗘ䜢ホ౯䛩䜛䚹༢⊂䛾ᡂศ䜔」ྜᡂศ䛻䜘䜛ᙳ㡪ホ౯䛻䜘䜚䚸㉥ᅵ䚸ᰤ㣴ሷ䚸໬Ꮫᡂศ䜔䝞䜽䝔䝸䛾ᙳ㡪䛾⛬ᗘ䛸⃰ᗘ䛾㜈್䛜᫂䜙䛛䛻䛺䜛䚹⌧ሙ䛷ᙳ㡪ホ౯䛾ཎᅉ䜢᥈䜛䛣䛸䛿୙ྍ⬟䛷䛒䜛䚹ᙳ㡪ホ౯䛾ᡭἲᰤ㣴ሷ䜔㉥ᅵ䜔໬Ꮫᡂศ䜔䝞䜽䝔䝸䜰䛾䝃䞁䝂䜔௚䛾⏕≀䜈䛾ᙳ㡪䜢▱䜛䛯䜑䛻䛿䚸䛭䜜䛮䜜ᡂศ䛾⃰ᗘ䜔⣽⬊ᩘ䚸䛒䜛䛔䛿㉥ᅵ⢏ᗘ(ᚤ⣽䛛⢒⢏䛛䠅䜢䝃䞁䝂䜔⏕≀䜢ᇵ㣴⎼䛻⛣䛧䚸Ỉ 䚸ග㔞䚸ὶ䜜➼䛾᮲௳䜢୍ᐃ䛻⥔ᣢ䛩䜛ᚲせ䛜䛒䜛䚸஧䛴ኚ໬䛩䜛㡯┠䛜䛒䜛ሙྜ䛿┠ⓗ䛸䛩䜛ᡂศ䛾ᙳ㡪䛛䛹䛖䛛ุ᩿䛷䛝䛺䛔䚹஧䛴௨ୖ䛻ᡂศ䜢⤌䜏ྜ䜟䛫䛯ሙྜ䛿༢⊂䛸」ᩘ䛾୧᪉䜢ྠ᫬䛻⾜䛖ᚲせ䛜䛒䜛䚹䛭䛾䛯䜑䚸ᙳ㡪䛜ᮏᙜ䛻䛒䜛䛾䛛䛹䛖䛛䜢䛝䛱䜣䛸ᢕᥱ䛩䜛䛯䜑䛻䛿䛛䛺䜚䛾ᐇ㦂䛸ᑓ㛛ⓗ䛺ດຊ䛜ᚲせ䛷䛒䜛䚹䛧䛛䛧䚸䛣䜜䛺䛧䛷䛿䚸᭱⤊ⓗ䛻䚸㉥ᅵ䚸ᰤ㣴ሷ䚸䝞䜽䝔䝸䜰➼䛾ᙳ㡪䛜䛒䜛䛾䛛䛹䛖䛛ุ᩿䛩䜛䛣䛸䛜䛷䛝䛺䛔䛧䚸䛹䛾⛬ᗘ䛷ᙳ㡪䛩䜛䛾䛛䛾ᩘ್䜒ᚓ䜛䛣䛸䛜䛷䛝䛺䛔䚹䛣䜜䛷䛿ఱ䜢䛹䛾⛬ᗘῶ䜙䛩䜉䛝䛛䛾ᑐ⟇䜢❧᱌䛷䛝䛺䛔䚹䝃䞁䝂䜈䛾ᙳ㡪䛻㛵䛩䜛௒䜎䛷䛾ሗ࿌䠖䠄䠍䠅 ㉥ᅵ䛻㛵䛧䛶┤᥋ⓗ䛻ᙳ㡪䜢ホ౯䛧䛯ሗ࿌౛䛿௒䜎䛷䛺䛔䚹Ἀ⦖┴⾨⏕◊䛾◊✲⪅䛾䝺䝫䞊䝖䛜䛒䜛䛜䛒䛟䜎䛷᥎ᐃ䛷䛒䜛䚹䠄䠎䠅 ୡ⏺ⓗ䛻ぢ䛶䜒㉥ᅵ䛾䝃䞁䝂䜈䛾ᙳ㡪䛾ᐃ㔞ⓗ䛺ホ౯䛾ሗ࿌䛺䛺䛔䚹䠄䠏䠅 ᰤ㣴ሷ䛻㛵䛧䛶䛿㟼ᒸ኱Ꮫ䛾◊✲౛䛷䛿◪㓟ሷ⃰ᗘ5μM௨ୖ䛷䝃䞁䝂䛻ᙳ㡪䛩䜛⤖ᯝ䛜ሗ࿌䛥䡎䜅䛗䛶䛔䜛䛜䚸䜸䞊䝇䝖䝷䝸䜰䛾䜾䝹䞊䝥䛾ሗ࿌䛷䛿䝃䞁䝂䜔⎔ቃ䛻౫Ꮡ䛧䚸䝥䝷䝇䜒䝬䜲䝘䝇䜒䛒䜛䛸䛧䛶䛔䜛䚹◪㓟ሷ⃰ᗘ䛸䛧䛶ᩘμM௨ୖ䛸䛧䛶䛔䜛䚹䠄䠐䠅 䝞䜽䝔䝸䜰䛻㛵䛧䛶䛿㟼ᒸ኱Ꮫ➼䛻䜘䜚㝣㉳※䝞䜽䝔䝸䜰䛜䝃䞁䝂䛾ⓑ໬䜔⑓Ẽ䜢ᘬ䛝㉳䛣䛩䛣䛸䛜ሗ࿌䛥䜜䛶䛔䜛䚹䜎䛯䜸䝙䝠䝖䝕➼䛿፹௓⏕≀䛸䛧䛶㔜せ䛺ᙺ๭ᯝ䛯䛧䛶䛔䜛䛣䛸䜒ሗ࿌䛥䡎䛶䛶䛔䜛䚹䝞䜽䝔䝸䛿䝥䝷䝇䛸䝬䜲䝘䝇䛾୧᪉䛾ຠᯝ䛜䛒䜛䚹䠄䠑䠅㎰⸆䚹㝖ⲡ๣䚸⎔ቃ䝩䝹䝰䞁䚸᪥↝䛡Ṇ䜑䛻㛵䛧䛶䜒䝃䞁䝂䜈䛾ᙳ㡪䛜኱䛝䛔䛸ሗ࿌䛧䛶䛔䜛䛜䚸ᩘ್䛿䛺䛔䚹䜔䜔೺඲ᛶ䛜ప䛔೺඲ᛶ䛜㧗䛔䜔䜔೺඲ᛶ䛜㧗䛔೺඲ᛶ䛜ప䛔೺඲ᛶ䛜㧗䛔೺඲ᛶ䛜ప䛔䠎䠌䠍䠓ᖺ䛾䠍䠎᭶䛾ㄪᰝ䛻䛚䛡䜛䝃䞁䝂䛾೺඲ᛶ䠄⏕⌮Ꮫⓗᛂ⟅䠅䛻㛵䛩䜛䝃䜲䝖䛾ุᐃ▼す♋†䠒ᆅⅬj䛻䛚䛡䜛䝃䞁䝂䛾೺ᗣ≧ែ (䠎䠌䠍䠓䞉䠍䠎䠅‫׌‬ம૸ࡋ๖਼ ϘϨζωϱྖ22ޭ߻੔‫׈‬੓գ࢐Կਭોঈ‫߮ڊ‬ો‫׈‬੓

(cells/cm )(μg/cm )

S7

51.0

3.7

0.68

6.6

݊સ੓͗߶͏

S10

31.3

4.0

0.65

4.5

ΏΏ݊સ੓͗߶͏

S13

66.3

2.4

0.56

6.8

݊સ੓͗߶͏

S14

5.4

0.7

0.45

10.2

݊સ੓͗ఁ͏

S23

10.8

1.5

0.61

3.3

݊સ੓͗ఁ͏

S26

24.0

1.5

0.60

7.8

ΏΏ݊સ੓͗ఁ͏

݊߃͹ᮤ஍ 50ຬҐ৏2μgҐ৏

0.5Ґ৏

5௨
௨ୖ10ᮍ
ᮍ‶䕔䝃䞁䝂䞉〓⹸⸴䛾䝇䝖䝺䝇ᛂ⟅㧗䛸⑓⑓Ẽ䞉ⓑ໬䜈䛾ᑐᛂ䝃䞁䝂䝞䜽䝔䝸䜰ᙉග࿧྾䛾ቑຍච␿ຊ䛾పୗศゎ䛻䜘䜛㜵⾨ᢠ㓟໬㓝⣲䛻䜘䜛㜵⾨〓⹸⸴ⴥ⥳య䛾ಟ᚟⬟䛾పୗගྜᡂ⬟䛾పୗⴥ⥳య䛾ศゎ䜽䝻䝻䝣䜱䝹䛾㐟㞳⣽⬊䜈䝎䝯䞊䝆㐣๫䛺άᛶ㓟⣲䛾Ⓨ⏕ⓑ໬䞉⑓Ẽᢠ㓟໬㓝⣲䛻䜘䜛㜵⾨⣽⬊䜈䝎䝯䞊䝆

:DWHUIORZLVPRUHLPSRUWDQWIRUFRUDOVWKDQOLJKW3DUW,,7KHVFLHQFHRIFRUDOVDQGZDWHUIORZBy Jake Adams

ᾏỈ䛾ὶື䛜䛒䜛䛸䝃䞁䝂䛿೺඲䛻⏕⫱䛩䜛䚹䛭䛾⌮⏤䛾୍䛴䛿⏕⏘䛩䛩䜛⁐Ꮡ㓟⣲⃰ᗘ䛾஺᥮䛜㠀ᖖ䛻ຠᯝⓗ䛷䚸௦ㅰάື䛜೺඲䛷䛒䜛䚹䛥䜙䛻άᛶ㓟⣲䛻䜘䜛䝇䝖䝺䝇㍍ῶ䛻䜒㈉⊩䛧䛶䛔䜛䚹䜎䛯㣵䜢ᤕ㣗䛧䜔䛩䛔䚹

Nutrient input in coastal waters around Okinawa

High nitrate 䠄10μM䠅

Ambient

High temperature䠄32Υ䠅32Υ

Combined stress 䠄 10μM䠇 32Υ)䝃䞁䝂䛾✀㢮䛸䝞䜽䝔䝸䜰䛾✀㢮䛻䜘䜚ⓑ໬䜈䛾ᙳ㡪䛜␗䛺䜛䚹.
䝡䝤䝸䜸䝁䝷䝸䝸䝔䜱䜹䝇䠄䜺䞁䝬䝥䝻䝔䜸䝞䜽䝔䝸䜰䠅䠖ᾏὒᛶ䝞䜽䝔䝸䜰䠄Vibrio coralliilyticus 䠅Acropora + Vibrio
Montipora + Vibrio

Acropora + Treponema

Montipora + Treponema⑓ཎ⳦䠖 䝖䝺䝫䝛䝬䝺䝅䝏䝜䝸䝔䜱䜹䝮䠄䠄 Treponema䠅ே㛫䛾⑓Ẽ䛻㛵䜟䜛䝞䜽䝔䝸䜰ࢧࣥࢦࡢඹ⏕⸴࡛࠶ࡿ〓⹸⸴ࡢ㑇ఏᏊ㓄ิࡀࠊࣂࢡࢸࣜ࢔ࡢ✀࡟ᑐࡍࡿ⪏ᛶࢆ⥔ᣢࡋ࡚࠸ࡿྍ⬟ᛶࡀ࠶ࡿࠋ㧗Ỉ ୗ࡛ࡢࢧࣥࢦࡢࢫࢺࣞࢫୗ࡛ࡢ〓⹸⸴ࡢᙧែኚ໬ࢆᘬࡁ㉳ࡇࡍཎᅉ࡟ࡣࢧࣥࢦࡢ✀࡜ࣂࢡࢸࣜ࢔ࡢ✀ࡢᛂ⟅ࡶ㛵ಀࡋ࡚࠸ࡿࠋ」ྜ䝇䝖䝺䝇䛻䜘䜛ⓑ໬䠖 ᗘ䠇䝞䜽䝔䝸䜰ឤᰁ
6〓⹸⸴ᐦᗘ

4⣽⬊ᩘ

cells (x105) cm-2

527Υ

32Υ

27Υ

27Υ + Bacteria32Υ

32

10Day 0ᐇ㦂๓Day 827Υ㧗Ỉ ࡢ≧ែ࡛ࠊࣂࢡࢸࣜ࢔ࡢᏑ
ᅾࡀⓑ໬ࡢᘬࡁ㔠࡟࡞ࡗ࡚࠸ࡿࠋ
ࢧࣥࢦࢆ㧗Ỉ 㸦ᗘ㸧࡜పỈ㸦ᗘ㸧ࡢ≧ἣ࡟⨨ࡁࠊࡑࢀࡒࢀࣂࢡࢸࣜ࢔ࡢ᭷↓࡛⤒㐣ࢆほᐹࡋࡓࠋほᐹ㛤ጞ࠿ࡽ㸶᪥┠ࡢ᫬Ⅼ࡛ࠊ㧗Ỉ ࣭ࣂࢡࢸࣜ࢔᭷ࡾࡢࢧࣥࢦࡢⓑ໬ࡀⴭࡋࡃࠊ㧗Ỉ ࣭ࣂࢡࢸࣜ࢔↓ࡋ࡛ࡣ୍㒊ࡀⓑ໬ࠋ㏻ᖖࡢỈ ࡛ࡣࣂࢡࢸࣜ࢔ࡢ᭷↓࡟㛵ࢃࡽࡎࠊⓑ໬ࡣぢࡽࢀ࡞࠿ࡗࡓࠋ

32Υ + Bacteria

27Υ + Bacteria

32Υ8᪥㛫䛾㣫⫱ᚋ䛾䝃䞁䝂䛾ᵝᏊ32Υ + Bacteria㧗Ỉ 䠇䝞䜽䝔䝸䜰ୗ䛷〓⹸⸴䛾⣽⬊ᩘ䛿ῶᑡ䛧䚸䝃䞁䝂䛜ⓑ໬䛧䛶䜒䚸⣽⬊ᙜ䛯䜚䛾Ⰽ⣲㔞䛿ቑຍ䛧䛶ගྜᡂ⬟䜢ಖ䛱䚸䝇䝖䝺䝇䛾䛺䛟䛺䛳䛯ᚋ䛻ᅇ᚟䛩䜛‽ഛ䜢䛧䛶䛔䜛

Pigment/total cell (pg/cell)

3.0
2.5

24,334,709

2.0

0.65

25,590,054

0.67
0.54

1.5

14,943,198

1.0
0.5

0.543
0.331

0.488

0.0
27°C

27°C injured

Chlorophyll a/cell

32°C

Total cell number

10.9
0.8
0.7
0.6
0.59
0.5
1.380
0.4
0.3
4,787,754 0.2
0.1
032°C injured

PS II quantum yields

PS II quantum yields

Condition of cellsSediment Impacts on Reef Corals in Maui, Hawaii 䝃䞁䝂♋䜈䛾㝣ᇦ䛛䜙䛾㉥ᅵ䛾ᙳ㡪
Greg Piniak 2004 USGS News University of Hawaii

fluorescence yield of the symbiotic zooxanthellae.

Montipora capitata coralfragment after 45 hours ofsediment exposure.
Healthy tissue remains aroundthe margins, but the middle ofthe colony is mostly dead.

Porites lobata coral fragment after 45
hours of sediment exposure.
The mounding surface shed most of thesand; however, some sediment pooled in
the center of the colony and caused tissuedamage.

⦰ᑠ䛧䛯〓⹸⸴䛻䛿䜽䝻䝻䝣䜱䝹Ⰽ⣲䛿䛺䛟䚸ගẘᛶ䛾䛺䛔䝅䜽䝻䜶䝜䞊䝹䛻ኚ᥮䛥䜜䛶䛔䜛Montipora digitata

VisibleShrunkenzooxanthellae

VisibleAcropora nasuta

UVUV

Bleachedzooxanthellae䝃䞁䝂䛾✀䛻䜘䛳䛶䠎䛴䛾␗ᖖ䛺〓⹸⸴䛾ฟ⌧䛻㐪䛔䛜䜏䜙䜜䜛䛣䛸䜒᫂䜙䛛䛻䛧䛯䚹䜶䝎䝁䝰䞁䝃䞁䝂(Montipora digitata)䛷䛿จ⦰䛧䛯〓⹸⸴䛜ከ䛟㏥Ⰽ䛧䛯䜒䛾䛿⛥䛷䛒䜛䛜䠈䝝䝘䜺䝃䝭䝗䝸䜲䝅(Acropora nasuta)䜔䝝䝬䝃䞁䝂(Porites lutea)䛷䛿
จ⦰䛧䛯⣽⬊䛿ぢ䜙䜜䛪㏥Ⰽ䛧䛯䜒䛾䛜୺䛷䛒䛳䛯䚹จ⦰䛸㏥Ⰽ䛿⊂❧䛧䛶㉳䛣䜛䜒䛾䛺䛾䛛䠈ྠ᫬䛻㉳䛣䜛䜒䛾䛺䛾䛛䜢᫂䜙䛛䛻䛧䛯䚹ⓑ໬䛷䛷〓⹸⸴䛛䜙㣵䛾౪⤥⃭ῶ䠖 ⓑ໬䛿㣚㣹≧ែ䛸ྠ䛨ⓑ໬᫬䛻䝃䞁䝂䛿ᵝ䚻䛺᪉ἲ䛷㣵䜢☜ಖ䛧䚸⏕䛝ᘏ䜃䜛⏕Ꮡᡓ␎䛜䛒䜛䛣䛸䛜᫂䜙䛛䛻䛺䜚䛴䛴䛒䜛䚹㛗ᮇ䛻㣵䛾☜ಖ䛜䛷䛝䛺䛔䛸Ṛ⁛䛩䜛ྍ⬟ᛶ䛜䛒䜛䛜䚸㣵䛾౪⤥䛸ච␿䛾ᙉ໬䛜ྍ⬟䛻䛺䜛◊✲䛜ᅜ㝿ⓗ䛻㐍䜣䛷䛔䜛䚹䝃䞁䝂䛿⎔ቃኚື䜔ே㛫άື䛾ᙳ㡪ୗ䛷㐺ᛂຊ䛜䛒䜛䠖⮬↛෌⏕䛿ྍ⬟䛷䛒䜛䝞䜽䝔䝸䜰䠄0.2~2 μm)
ᾏỈ䛛䜙ᤕ㣗䝅䜰䝜䝞䜽䝔䝸䜰ᾘ໬䞉䝍䞁䝟䜽㉁⏕⏘⦰ᑠ䛧䛯〓⹸⸴䠄3~5μm )(ṇᖖ䛺⣽⬊䛿10 μm )᭷ᶵ≀౪⤥Gloeocapsa(0.5~2μm )䝃䞁䝂䛾㦵᱁䠄Ⅳ㓟䜹䝹䝅䜴䝮䠅䛾୰䛻ఫ䜣䛷䛔䜛⥳⸴㢮ᅜ㝿䝃䞁䝂♋ಖ඲䝥䝻䝆䜵䜽䝖䛾ᅜෆእ䛻䛚䛡䜛ᐇ᪋ෆᐜ䠖⛉Ꮫⓗ◊✲ᡂᯝ䛸༠ാసᴗ䛻䜘䜛䛂ᕷẸ⛉Ꮫ䠖Citizen Science䛃䛾᥎㐍䠄䠍䠅 ◊✲⪅䛾䝣䜱䞊䝹䝗䛷䛾◊✲ㄪᰝάື䛾ᨭ᥼䜢ᇶ┙䛻䛧䛯䝃䞁䝂♋ಖ඲䛾䛯䜑◊✲⪅䞉௻ᴗ䞉NGO䠄EW䠅䞉ᕷẸᕷẸ⛉Ꮫ䇿䛾ᵓ⠏ SDGs䠄ᣢ⥆ᛶ㛤Ⓨ┠ᶆ䠅 䜈䛾㈉⊩䛻䜘䜛༠ാᆺ䛾䇾ᕷ㟼ᒸ኱Ꮫ 㕥ᮌ Ḱ