Jakarta Flood
Disaster Management
Ir. Hartanto Dipl. HE
Sudarsono, ATP, CESTokyo, November 2014

KEMENTERIAN PEKERJAAN UMUM
DIREKTORAT JENDERAL SUMBER DAYA AIR
DIREKTORAT BINA OPERASI DAN PEMELIHARAAN

Point of Discussion
A. Jakarta Flood Management Milestones

B. Challenges in Jakarta Flood Management

C. Jakarta Flood Management
Implementation

Concept&

A.1

1621, 1654
Great Flood

Jakarta Flood Management Milestones

1854
Burgelijke Openbare
Werken (BOW)

1873
Great Flood,
1 meter inundation

1918
Idea and Starting Point ofWest Flood Canal Project

Ministry of Public Works

Batavia (Jakarta) Drainage System, 1918,
No Flood CanalA.2

Jakarta Flood Management Milestones

1922
West Flood Canal
Completed

1965
Establishment of Flood
Prevention Project

1973
Flood Management
Masterplan

Masterplan for Jakarta
Drainage System, 1973

Batavia (Jakarta) Drainage System,
1922
East Flood Canal, 20102010
East Flood Canal along
23.5 Km Completed

B

Challenges in Jakarta Flood Management

1. CHALLENGES
1. LAND USE CHANGES
2. 13 RIVERS ACCROS JAKARTA
3. NARROWING AND SHALLOWINGOF THE RIVER CHANNEL
4. LAND SUBSIDENCE OF JAKARTA
5. JAKARTA DRAINAGE SYSTEM

Ciliwung – Cisadane
River Basin

2. RAINFALL

3. FLOOD

B.1.1

Challenges - Land Use Changes
1970’s6900 00

695 000

700 00 070 500 0

71 000 0

LAND USE CHANGES IN JAKARTA
1970’s - 2000’s

71 500 09325000

9325000

9320000

9320000

9315000

D9315000

9315000
9310000

9300000

9300000

9305000

9305000

9325000

7150009320000

7100009315000

7050009310000

7000009320000

9310000

6950009325000

93100001972

Jakarta area approximately
65.000 Ha with Population
Density about 20.000 to
30.000 people/Km² (2014)

1980’s6900009295000

9295000

6900 00

695 000

700 00 070 500 0

71 000 071 500 0

1990’s700000

7050007100007150009325000

9305000

9305000

6950009325000

6900009320000
9315000
9310000

7100009305000

9295000

70500071500069 000 06950 00

2000’s70 500 0

710 000

71500 070 000 070 500 0

710 000

71500 09325000

70 000 09320000

6900006950007000007050007100007150009310000

9300000

Downstream t3

2002

9295000t2

9295000

Midstream

9300000

Upstream t1

9305000

9305000

9310000

BOGOR

9315000

DEPOK

9315000

9295000

9295000t0

9320000

S. Ciliwung

9300000

9325000

19939300000

2000 m dpl

7000009305000

6950009310000

6900009315000

9295000

Ciliwung River
Basin JAKARTA

9320000

9300000

9300000

D69 000 06950 00

B.1.2

Challenges - 13 Rivers Accros Jakarta

JAKARTA 20th Century
CENGKARENG DRAIN

West Flood Canal

Cengkareng
Sluicegate

Weir IIICAKUNG DRAIN

MOOKERVART

East Flood Canal
Weir IIANGKECAKUNG
Karet Sluicegate

Manggarai
Sluicegate

PESANGGRAHANJATI KRAMATBUARAN
Weir IGROGOLSUNTERCIPINANGKRUKUTKALI BARU TIMURFLOOD WAY/SUNGAI BUATANKALI BARU BARATCILIWUNG

B.1.3

Challenges - Narrowing and Shallowing of The River ChannelRiverEmbankment
Riverbanks
RiverbedB.1.4

Challenges - Land Subsidence of Jakarta

Land SubsidenceWith Sea Level RiseKondisi
LandSubsidence
Sea Level Rise1989

Tahun
2007

2025(-)

46-60 cm

46-60 cm

(+)

50 cm

50 cm

B.1.5

Challenges - Jakarta Drainage System

JAVA SEAB.2.1

Rainfall

55.63
158

18-Jan-14

35

40
20
0

12-Jan-14

Upstream

47

17-Jan-14

Curah Hujan (mm)18-Jan-14

17-Jan-14

16-Jan-14

15-Jan-14

14-Jan-14

80
60

PCH Cawang 128
Rainfall Station

16-Jan-14

20.5

13.5

132.5

140
120
100

15-Jan-14

45.5 47.75

14-Jan-1456

Daily Rainfall from 12 – 18 January 2014

Cilember Rainfall
67Station

13-Jan-14

76

12-Jan-14

t080
70
60
50
40
30
20
100

13-Jan-14

Rainfall /mm

2000 m dpl

Ciliwung Daily Rainfall Information in the Event of Flooding, Jan. 2014

t1

16

6

18-Jan-14

17-Jan-14

16-Jan-14

15-Jan-14

14-Jan-14

13-Jan-140Curah Hujan (mm)20Downstream

77

t3

57.00
4535

28
10
18-Jan-14

40

71

17-Jan-14

60

90
80
70
60
50
40
30
20
10
0

16-Jan-14

66.5 64.63

15-Jan-1480

t2PCH Jemb Panus

14-Jan-14

92

12-Jan-14

Curah Hujan (mm)100Midstream
115.5

13-Jan-14120

Gadog Rainfall
Station9412-Jan-14140

Sumber: BBWS Cil-Cis

B.2.2

RainfallCiliwung Daily Rainfall Information in the Event of Flooding, Jan. 20142000 m dpl

Curah Hujan (mm)

250
200

Daily Rainfall on 28-29 Januari 2014

253

150

120

t0

69

50
028-Jan-14

29-Jan-14

Curah Hujan (mm)100

Katulampa Rainfall
107
Station

100
80
60
29

40
20
028-Jan-14

29-Jan-14

Curah Hujan (mm)Rawa GedeRainfall
Station

300

160
140
120
100
80
60
40
200138

CawangRainfalll
Station1.8
28-Jan-14

Upstream

29-Jan-14

t1t2
135

48
150

29-Jan-14

GadogRainfall
Station

169

10050

Depok Rainfall Station
254402320141510529-Jan-14

140
120
10080
60
40200116

Manggarai
Rainfall
Station028-Jan-14

028-Jan-14

Curah Hujan (mm)20028-Jan-14

t3

Downstream
Curah Hujan (mm)

160
140
120
100
80
60
40
200

CilemberRainfall
StationCurah Hujan (mm)Curah Hujan (mm)Midstream

28-Jan-14

29-Jan-14

29-Jan-14

Sumber: BBWS Cil-Cis

B.3.1

FloodsFlood Inundation in 2013

Flood Inundation in 2014

Flood Inundation in 2007
NoKriteria

2014

2013

2007

1.

Inundation Area

115,10 Km²

117,29 Km²

231,80 Km²2.

Percentage toJakarta Area

7%8%45%

3.

Flood Evacuees

88.379 jiwa

96.520 jiwa

320.000 jiwa

4.

Fatalities

26 jiwa

38 jiwa

80 jiwa5.

LossesRp. 5 Trilliyun±$420.000.000*BNPB

Rp. 7,5 Trilliyun±$631.000.000*BNPB

Rp ±5,2 Trilliyun±$437.000.000*BAPPENAS

B.3.2

FloodsPICTURES FROM JAKARTA FLOODING IN 2014

Kedoya Flooding, 2014 (source www.merdeka.com)

Kampung Pulo Flooding, 2014 (source Liputan6)

Bukit Duri Flooding, 2014 (source www.merdeka.com)

Beberapa gambar dari kejadian banjir Jakarta pada Januari 2014

B.3.3

FloodsDue to the Flooding,community activities
disrupted

CJakarta Flood Management Concept & Implementation

STRUCTURALMITIGATIONFLOOD
MANAGEMENTCONCEPT &IMPLEMENTATIONNON-STRUCTURALMITIGATION

1. Total Solution for Ciliwung
2. National Capital Integrated
Coastal Development(NCICD)
3. Jakarta Drainage System

1. Spatial Controlling
2. Increasing Public Awareness3. Early Warning System
4. Flood Prone Area Mapping
5. Water Council and National
Movement for Water
Safeguard Partnership
6. Weather Modification

C.1.1

Structural Mitigation – Total Solution for Ciliwung

TOTAL SOLUTION FOR CILIWUNG

C.1.1.aTotal Solution for Ciliwung - Ciliwung Restoration and Rehabilitation
PA. MANGGARAIJEMB. TB.
SIMATUPANG
JL. PAHLAWANKALIBATAJEMB. CASABLANCA

Eretan Condet

MAB Q50 TH+9,980+10,901

EL. DS +4,401

7,50

14,00
50,00
65,00

CILIWUNG RESTORATION AND REHABILITATIONLocation: TB Simatupang - Manggarai
Lenght: 19 Km
Cross-section: existing 10 to 20 meter, after Rehab 50 meter
Discharge: Existing 200 m³/det, after Rehab 520 m³/det

7,50

C.1.1.b

Total Solution for Ciliwung
1 (one) Sluice Addition at Manggarai and Karet Sluicegate each
KARET SLUICEGATE

Capacity Enhancement from500 m³/det to 750 m³/det

NorthWEST
FLOOD
CANAL
MANGGARAI SLUICEGATE
streamCapacity Enhancement from330 m³/det to 500 m³/det

C.1.1.c

Total Solution for Ciliwung
Re-Functioning The Original Ciliwung River According to Its Capacity
END POINTISTIQLAL MOSQUE

Existing Condition of Original Ciliwung River
PEJAMBON BRIDGE,GAMBIRKRAMAT BRIDGE,KWITANG

RADEN SALEH BRIDGE,
CIKINI

4.00+ 6.6920.00
MAB + 5.69

4.00
MATRAMAN bridge+ 2.3815.00
SHEET PILESHEET PILE

REVITALIZATION ON ORIGINAL CILIWUNG RIVERLocation: Manggarai Sluicegate – Istiqlal Mosque
Lenght: 8.5 KM
Cross-section: 15 m – 20 m
Discharge: 70 m³/det

Starting Point
MANGGARAISolution
CiliwungCITY
LAKES ONTotal
JAKARTA
ANDforSATELLITE
C.1.1.d1) Lakes Revitalization
Total of Lakes 183(83 Rehab)

Jakarta Utara
1 lakes

Kab Tanggerang
24 lakes(7 Rehab)

Jakarta Barat
No lakes

Kota Tanggerang
5 lakes(2 Rehab)

Jakarta Pusat
2 lakes

Kota Tanggerang.
Selatan 12 lakes(7 Rehab)
Kota Depok
23 lakes(19 Rehab)
Kota Bogor
4 lakes(1 Rehab)
Kab. Bogor
83 lakes(39 Rehab)

Kab Bekasi
14 lakes(4 Rehab)
Kota Bekasi
2 lakes(2 Rehab)

Jakarta Timur
8 lakes(1 Rehab)

Jakarta Selatan
5 lakesC.1.1.d

Total Solution for Ciliwung
2) Channel Reservoir & Infiltration Wells
CHANNEL RESERVOIR DEVELOPMENT

In 2014 there are 125 units ofChannel Reservoir with total
capacity ±62.500 m³
10 Unit/year Channel
Reservoir develop up to 2021
CIMANDALA ChannelCIKRETEG Channel
Reservoir
INFILTRATION WELLSDEVELOPMENT Reservoir

Started in 2014, there are 115
units of infiltration wells
constructedC.1.1.e

Total Solution for Ciliwung
1) Diversion Tunnel from Ciliwung River to Cipinang River (East FloodCanal)
2 Concrete Tunnel
each Øinner = 3.5 m

WALL, t = 200mm

Karet
Sluicegate

ANGKE

Manggarai
Sluicegate

JATI KRAMATEASTBUARAN
FLOOD

CANAL

WEST
FLOOD
CANAL

SUNTERCIPINANGKRUKUTKALIBARU BARATFLOOD WAY/SUNGAIBUATANCILIWUNG

BORED PILE
Ø1000, L=10000

DIVERSIONCHANNEL FROMCILIWUNG TOCIPINANG RIVER

PRIMARY PILE Dia. 0.8 m, L=35 m
SECONDARY PILE Dia. 1.0 m, L=35 m

inlet

1.250 mJl. Otista

CILIWUNG
RIVER

OutletJl. Otista 3816 m
DPS 1
BKT
Pemakaman
Kebon Nanas

Total Solution for Ciliwung2) Diversion Tunnel from Ciliwung River to Cipinang River (East FloodCanal)

C.1.1.e

SCHEMATIC DIAGRAM OF FLOODWAY SYSTEM
Q100 +13,60 m
Q50 +13,25 m
Q25 +12,92 m

Q5 +12,07 m

Riverbed before
RehabRiverbed
after Rehab+8,22 m+6,9 m

inlet +13,00 m

MA +10 m+9,00 mOpen
Ciliwung channel
River+4,19 m

Cipinang
Riverbed+11.38 m+9,13 m+7,8 m+7,10 m

0.716%+0,14 mCipinang Riverbed After Rehab
560 m-0,46 m

outlet+10,55 m

CipinangRiver

East Flood Canal

Cipinang

Ciliwung

Periode Ulang (tahun)
Debit (m3/s)

Normal7
Elevasi (+m) 7.646

284
9.722

5106
10.16510114
10.32520122
10.46225
127
10.5565013010.620100
13510.722

1.01

80

9.467

300000002

209

10.8182221

15118420.25314

11.8204338

33312928272510375

12.372524440383635343320409

12.6665847

4341403938

3725439

12.917604945

444342414050

481

13.2576353

49474645

45

44100

526

13.603

66

56

5351

50

49

49

48

C.1.2.a

Structural Mitigation - National Capital Integrated Coastal Development

Master Plan NCICD••High rate of land subsidence
Closed bay before 2022••
• Existing sea dikeand drainage
pumps

Lower rate of land
subsidence
Closed bay after 2022

NORTH JAKARTA

C.1.2.b

Structural Mitigation - National Capital Integrated Coastal Development

C.1.3.a

Structural Mitigation - Jakarta Drainage System
JEDI-Jakarta Emergency Dredging Initiative(JUFMP-Jakarta Urgent Flood Mitigation Project)

P. 4

P. 6

P. 5

P. 4
P. 2A
P. 7
P. 1

P. 4

P. 5
P. 7

P. 4

P. 2B

P. 7
P. 3

DGWR
DGHS
DKI PW

P. 6

P. 1

DGWR (4 Location)
Cengkareng Floodway (P.2A)
Lower Sunter Floodway(P.2B)
Upper Sunter Floodway (P.6)
West Banjir Canal (P.6)

DGHS (3 Location)
Lower Angke Drain (P.5)
Cideng Thamrin Drain (P.3)
Tanjung Drain (P.5)

PU. DKI (9 Location)
Ciliwung Gunung Sahari Drain (P.1)
Sentiong Sunter Drain (P.4)
Waduk Melati (P.1)
Grogol Sekretaris Diversion (P.7)
Waduk Sunter Selatan (P.4)

Waduk Sunter Utara (P.4)
Waduk Sunter Timur III (P.4)
Pakin-K. Besar-Jelakeng Drain (P.7)
Krukut Cideng Drain (P.7)

C.1.3.b

Structural Mitigation - Jakarta Drainage System

Jakarta Drainage System Rehabilitation

C.2.1

Non-Structural Mitigation - Spatial ControllingC.2.2.aNon-Structural Mitigation - Increasing Public Awarness• Public Forum/Direct Meeting• Print Media• Media Elektronik

interactive dialogue
in Public Television

Documentary

Public Service
Announcements

C.2.2.bNon-Structural Mitigation - Increasing Public Awarness• Conservation efforts, planting trees
around Ciliwung River by the community• Ciliwung Clean-up Activity bycommunityC.2.3.aNon-Structural Mitigation - Early Warning System
LAUT JAWA

U

Flood Mitigation Command Postand Flood Monitoring Station
Cimanceuri

K. Tahang

BBWS Ciliwung - Cisadane

K. Buaran

K. CakungCikarang

14

Pondok Gede

Ciputat

7
Cimatuk

16.a
BEKASI

13

CiliwungSerpongke Serang

4

K. Mampang
K. Cideng+ 16.46

K. Abang

K. Sekretaris

15+ 6.01

K. Krukut

Curug

K. Marunda

CengkarengDrainCiledug

Pos Siaga Banjir
Pos Pengamatan Banjir:
1. Pos Batu Belah
2. Pos PA Pasar Baru
Tangerang
3. PosPesanggrahan/Sawangan
KARAWANG
4. PosPA Pondok Pinang
5. Pos Cengkareng Drain
6. Pos Bend Katulampa
7. Pos Depok
8. Pos PA Manggarai
9. Pos Sta Pompa AncolCurug
10. Pos Sta Pompa Rawa Badak
11. Pos Cileungsi
12. Pos Cikeas
Waduk
Jatiluhur13. Pos Villa
Nusa Indah
14. Pos Bendung Bekasi
15. Pos Bendung Gintung
16. Pos PA Banjir Kanal Barat :a. Weir 1
b. Weir 2
c. Weir 3

16.b108

K. SepakSal.
Meruya216.c

JAKARTA

5

TANGERANG

Balaraja

9Cimanggis
Cileungsi

DEPOK
Cibarusa
Parung

12 113Gunung Putri

Jonggol

1ke Rangkasbitung

BOGOR
Empang+ 240.97

6+ 243.33

Katulampa

ke Cianjur
0Gn. Pangrango

24681012 km

C.2.3.b

Non-Structural Mitigation - Early Warning System

COMMUNICATIONEARLYWARNINGSYSTEMSchemeSYSTEM
of Early ON
WarningSystem
for Ciliwung
River

Sta. Cilember(rainfall)
Ciliwung R

Sta. Katulampa(Rainfall & WL))
iver

Sta. Depok
Jemb. Panus(WL)

KP = 3 – 4 Jam
Tf = 3- 4 hours
L =L 41= Km
41 km

Sta. MT Haryono(WL)

PA Manggarai(WL & Rainfall)

KP =7- 8 Jam
Tf = 8 hours
L =L40= Km
40 km
KP= 2 Jam
Tf = 2 hours= 0.8 km
L =L0,8Km
Tf = 13KP
Rate Time
Tf= Flow= Travel
L L = Distance= distance 9 km)
WL= Water
LevelLevel
WL= Water– 14 hours

C.2.4

Non-Structural Mitigation - Flood Prone Area MappingC.2.5

Non-Structural Mitigation - Water Council (TKPSDA) and National
Movement for Water Safeguard Partnership (GN-KPA)•Water Council (or TKPSDA)• National Movement for Water
Safeguard Partnership (or GN-KPA)C.2.6

Non-Structural Mitigation - Weather Modification

THANK YOU

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