Future Development of 45m
Tetsuhiro MINAMIDANI(Nobeyama Radio Observatory)

Outline• Current System of Nobeyama 45-m Telescope• Recent Issues & AcFons (incl. on-going acFviFes)• Near Future System• Future Development– NRO AcFviFes– Development Proposal• SummaryDec. 27, 2017 | TM | ALMA/45m/ASTE Users MeeFng 2017

Future Development of 45m

Nobeyama 45-m Telescope
Nobeyama Radio Observatory (NRO)

Dec. 27, 2017 | TM | ALMA/45m/ASTE Users MeeFng 2017

• Diameter: 45m• Surface accuracy: 100umrms• 6 -> 5 Receivers• Frequency coverage: 20 –116GHz• Beam size: 15” @ 115GHz• PoinFng accuracy: ~ 3”
• Main beam eﬃciency: ~0.45 @ 115GHz• Aperture eﬃciency: ~0.36 @ 115GHz

Future Development of 45m

2017-2018 System

OPEN USE
Internal Use
Commissioning

Antenna

OpFcs

ReceiverIF chain

H22
H40

Backend
ConFnuum BE

Old IF

45m
Z45
SwitchT70
SAM45

New IF
FOREST
Dec. 27, 2017 | TM | ALMA/
45m/ASTE Users MeeFng 2017

Future Development of 45m

PolariS
VLBI BEH22
OPEN USE

H40
Z45
T70
OPEN USE OPEN USE OPEN USEFOREST
OPEN USE# of Beams

11114Polariza?on

RHCP/LHCP

LHCP

H/V

H/V

H/V

Rx.type

HEMT

HEMT

HEMT

SIS (2SB)

SIS (2SB)

RF freq.
[GHz]

20-25

42-44

42-46

71 - 92

80 - 116IF
B.W[GHz]

5-7
25-7
24-8
44-8
44-128Tsys[K]

100

250

100

120 - 270

150 - 300

IF chain

Old/New

Old/New

Old/new

New

Old/New

Con?nuum BE

OPEN USE

Internal

OPEN USE

Internal

OPEN USE○Future Development of 45m○xx

Dec.BE27, 2017 | TM | ALMA/
VLBI○45m/ASTE Users MeeFng 2017

Backend (Spectral Line)OCTAD-A+ SAM45

PolariS

Commissioning

OPEN USETypeF-FX typecorrelator

SohwareIF chain

New(VLBI BE)# of Array164# of ch / array

4096

131072 / 65536

Freq.
Coverage(BW) (MHz)2000 (1600 eﬀ) /1000 / 500 / 250 /
125 / 63 / 31 / 16

8/4

Freq.
ResoluFon(kHz)~ BW / 4096 x 2

0.061

ChannelBW / 4096
separaFon
Dec. 27, 2017 | TM | ALMA/(kHz)
45m/ASTE Users MeeFng 2017

Future Development of 45m

Recent Issue• How to keep compeFFve posiFon in the world ?
– AoracFve capabiliFes• e.g.) Large-area mapping @ 3mm band– Stable operaFon• e.g.) Decommissioning old receivers, backend, etc.

– OperaFon eﬃciency
Dec. 27, 2017 | TM | ALMA/45m/ASTE Users MeeFng 2017

Future Development of 45m

•Recent Issues & AcFons (FY2014 -)Antenna
––

•

OpFcs
––––

•

Replacing sub-ref. servo system (FY2015 done)
Surface adjustment (FY2015 done)

Put (SFck) metal foils to M2 and M3 (FY2015 done)
Replace chopper wheel mechanism (FY2016 done)
Replace beam switching mechanism (FY2017-2018)
Replace mirror switching mechanism (FY2017-2018) : M4, New-beamguide (T70) is done (FY2017)

Receiver – IF - Backend–So many frontends è Decommissioning of S40, S80, S100, TZ
••
•

–––––

Check consistency between AOS and SAM45 (Season2015-2016)
Relocate ConFnuum Backend (FY2015 - 2016)

Applying 3-bit linearity correcFon to OCTAD-A + SAM45 spectrometer (FY2015)
Commissioning of SAM45 spectral window mode (Season2015-2016) è Open to Community Season 2016-2017
Commissioning of ROACH spectrometer (Season2015-2016)

Monitor & Control––•

S40: Low demand(?) / Replace H40/Z45 CLNA to wider one? è FY2016 done
S80/S100: Aher checking consistency among 3mm RXs (FY2015-2016) è FY2016 done
TZ: FOREST covers TZ capability (Deep integra?on, ON-ON mode) (FY2017)

Commissioning of Z45 (Season2015-2016) è Open to Community Season 2016-2017
Decommissioning of Old IF system•••

Blue: Done
Green: Done (updated)
Red: on-going

Expand remote observaFon: Hokkaido, Nagoya, Kagoshima, ASIAA, KASI
Metrology system (Wind / Thermal)

Observing/ReducFon/Analysis Sohwares––

New programs for genera?ng observing script (nobs): released for Season2017-2018
Toward CASA

Dec. 27, 2017 | TM | ALMA/45m/ASTE Users MeeFng 2017

Future Development of 45m

Recent Issues & AcFons (FY2014 -)• OpFcs– Replace mirror switching mechanism (FY2017-2018) :M4, New-beamguide (T70) is done (FY2017)• Receiver – IF - Backend– So many frontends è Decommissioning of S40, S80, S100, TZ• TZ: FOREST covers TZ capability (Deep integra?on, ON-ON mode) (FY2017)• Monitor & Control– Expand remote observaFon: Hokkaido, Nagoya, Kagoshima, ASIAA, KASI

• Observing/ReducFon/Analysis Sohwares– New programs for genera?ng observing script (nobs): released for
Season2017-2018

Dec. 27, 2017 | TM | ALMA/45m/ASTE Users MeeFng 2017

Future Development of 45m

Recent Issues & AcFons (FY2014 -)• OpFcs– Replace beam switching mechanism (FY2017-2018)– Replace mirror switching mechanism (FY2017-2018) :Old-beamguide (H22, H40, Z45)

• Receiver – IF – Backend– Decommissioning of Old IF system• Relocate ConFnuum Backend (FY2015 – 2016) è FY2018• Monitor & Control– Expand remote observaFon: Hokkaido, Nagoya, Kagoshima, ASIAA, KASI– Metrology system (Wind / Thermal)• Observing/ReducFon/Analysis Sohwares– Toward CASA

Dec. 27, 2017 | TM | ALMA/45m/ASTE Users MeeFng 2017

Future Development of 45m

OPEN USE
Internal Use
Commissioning

Antenna

Near Future System
OpFcs

ReceiverIF chain

H22Backend
ConFnuum BE

H4045mZ45
SwitchT70
SAM45

New IF
FOREST
Dec. 27, 2017 | TM | ALMA/
45m/ASTE Users MeeFng 2017

Future Development of 45m

PolariS
VLBI BEFuture Development• Does 45-m telescope have enough capability ?
– Highly depend on the demands from community.
– CompeFFve ?

Dec. 27, 2017 | TM | ALMA/45m/ASTE Users MeeFng 2017

Future Development of 45m

Future Development• Near Future– Toward more producFve system• Improve Aperture eﬃciency > 0.4 @ 110 GHz• Wideband FOREST: 67 – 116 GHz• Expand remote observaFon: incl. Korea, Taiwan• Auto-observaFon (queue obs, auto-poinFng)• ReducFon with pipeline• Stable system è higher sensiFvity

Dec. 27, 2017 | TM | ALMA/45m/ASTE Users MeeFng 2017

Future Development of 45m

Future Development• Further Future (2022.03.31)– Achieve the highest capability (in a few(?) parFcularﬁelds)• Heterodyne Camera (> 100pixels) @ 3mm band
• Auto-obs, reducFon, archive system• Massive data reducFon with users• Wide-ﬁeld imaging line survey• Transient object

Dec. 27, 2017 | TM | ALMA/
45m/ASTE Users MeeFng 2017

Future Development of 45m

K-GPU Spectrometer• KASI developing TP spectrometer for ACA• SAM45 spectrometer ~ ACA correlator• Considering to replace SAM45 to K-GPU
spectrometer is quite natural.

Dec. 27, 2017 | TM | ALMA/
45m/ASTE Users MeeFng 2017Future Development of 45m

First Spectra with 45-m Telescope(Dec. 25, 2017)
K-GPU Spectrometer
Quite consistent with SAM45 output !!

SAM45

Dec. 27, 2017 | TM | ALMA/
45m/ASTE Users MeeFng 2017

Future Development of 45m

Data ReducFon with CASA
• Version > 5.0.0• Basic funcFons were implemented.
• 45-m Telescope can generate MS2 format
from Season 2017-2018– Commissioning will be done with these data.

• Pipeline will be developed, and commissioning
may be done in FY2018
Dec. 27, 2017 | TM | ALMA/
45m/ASTE Users MeeFng 2017

Future Development of 45m

Nobeyama 45-m Science Data Archive• hops://nobeyama-archive.nao.ac.jp/• Version 1 was released on Aug. 21, 2017
• Formats: NEWSTAR (PoSW), nostar (OTF)• Preparing for version 2

Dec. 27, 2017 | TM | ALMA/45m/ASTE Users MeeFng 2017

Future Development of 45m

Development Proposal• NRO receive proposals for instruments,
sohware and/or new observing mode on theNobeyama 45-m Telescope to increasecapabiliFes for science operaFons (Open-Use).
• Progress will be reviewed every year.
• Acceptance review will be organized beforeoﬀering to community.
•hop://www.nro.nao.ac.jp/~nro45mrt/html/prop/prop_instrument-e.html

Dec. 27, 2017 | TM | ALMA/45m/ASTE Users MeeFng 2017

Future Development of 45m

Development Proposal• FY2017– Call for Proposal: May 9, 2017
– Deadline: June 15, 2017
– 8 proposals à 3 proposals are accepted.
– hop://www.nro.nao.ac.jp/~nro45mrt/html/prop/accept_development.html• HINOTORI (H. Imai et al.)• FMLO: (A. Taniguchi et al.)
• 7mm (30-50GHz) Rx: (Chau-Ching Chiong & F. Nakamura et al.)• FY2018– Call for Proposal: May, 2018
– Deadline: June, 2018
– Review: July, 2018
Dec. 27, 2017 | TM | ALMA/45m/ASTE Users MeeFng 2017

Future Development of 45m

Summary• Nobeyama 45-m Telescope: One of the largest radio telescope which
covering 20 – 115GHz.
• On-going/planned updates will be ﬁnished in coming 2 years• Future Developments– Near Future: Toward more producFve system– Further Future (2022.03.31):
Achieve the highest capability (in a few(?) parFcular ﬁelds)– NRO AcFviFes• K-GPU spectrometer• Toward auto-observaFon system– Nobeyama 45-m Science Data Archive– Data ReducFon with CASA

– Development Proposal– Highly depend on the demands from community.
– CompeFFve ?
– CooperaFon with universiFes and/or other projects in NAOJ is essenFal.
Dec. 27, 2017 | TM | ALMA/45m/ASTE Users MeeFng 2017

Future Development of 45m