Journal of Quality Education Vol. 5ᛯᴾ ૨ᴾ༌ጀჃᜱࠖỉἻỶἧἤἋἚἼὊỆấẬỦ‫ܖ‬፼ॖഒử̬ਤẴỦᢅᆉᴾḘḘᐯࠁὉ᩼ᐯࠁࣅ࿢ྸᛯỉᙻໜẦỤᮧ℩㻌 ᬛᏊ 㸪ᮧ℩㻌 㞞ಇ᪥ᮏ㉥༑Ꮠ㇏⏣┳ㆤ኱Ꮫ㸪ி㒔኱Ꮫᇶ♏≀⌮Ꮫ◊✲ᡤThe Process of Keeping Sustainable Learning as an Expert Nurseon her Life History
䠉A Qualitative Analysis based on “The Self-Nonself CirculationTheory”

Tomoko Murase*, Masatoshi Murase**㻖 )DFXOW\RI-DSDQHVH5HG&URVV7R\RWD&ROOHJHRI1XUVLQJ)DFXOW\RI<XNDZD,QVWLWXWHIRU7KHRUHWLFDO3K\VLFV.\RWR8QLYHUVLW\Even after graduating from the school of nursing, it is very important for practical nurses
to continue their studies. There seem to be difficult problems: What is the essential studyof nursing? How do they keep on their studies? In the present paper, the author studied
the qualitative analysis of an expert nurse through the interview with the nurse based on herlife history. It was found that when the nurse was confronted with great difficulties, sherealized her lack of nursing ability in solving the difficulties, which in turn let her study
harder and harder. Different studies and different experiences often led to conflicting
situations in her mind. The nurse, however, gradually learned how to solve the conflicting
situations from her own long-term experiences. The knowledge present in the outside
world is useless unless it is applied to real experiences. If there are conflicting situations
among different knowledge, it must be a challenging problem how to realize a unifying
view from these conflicting situations. It is the internalization of different knowledgepresent in the outside world that must be the essential process for the nurse to attach thechallenging problem, because it can be viewed as a unifying process. Such a unifying
process was interpreted in terms of “self-nonself circulation theory” proposed by Murase(2000).

Keywords : Sustainable learning, an Expert Nurse, Life history, Qualitative analysis, The
Self-Nonself circulation theory࣮࣮࢟࣡ࢻ⥅⥆ⓗ࡞Ꮫ⩦⇍⦎┳ㆤᖌࣛ࢖ࣇࣄࢫࢺ࣮ࣜ㉁ⓗศᯒ⮬ᕫ࣭㠀⮬ᕫᚠ⎔⌮ㄽ㻌

*䛈471-8565㻌 ឡ▱┴㇏⏣ᕷⓑᒣ⏫୐᭤12-33㻌 ᪥ᮏ㉥༑Ꮠ㇏⏣┳ㆤ኱Ꮫ
Correspondence concerning this article should be sent to: 7RPRNR0XUDVH-DSDQHVH5HG&URVV7R\RWD
&ROOHJHRI1XUVLQJ1DQDPDJDUL+DNXVDQFKR7R\RWD$LFKL-$3$1
Email: tmurase@rctoyota.ac.jp⇍⦎┳ㆤᖌࡢࣛ࢖ࣇࣄࢫࢺ࣮ࣜ࡟࠾ࡅࡿᏛ⩦ពḧࢆಖᣢࡍࡿ㐣⛬䠍䠊䛿䛨䜑䛻ᑓ㛛⫋ᴗே࡜ࡋ࡚ࡢ⬟ຊࡢ⥔ᣢ࣭ྥୖࢆ┠ᣦࡋࡓᩍ⫱ࡢ᥎㐍ࡣ, Ꮫᰯᩍ⫱⌧ሙ࡛ᩍ⫱ࢆᢸ࠺ᩍᖌ࡟࠾࠸࡚ࡶ, ་⒪⌧ሙ࡛┳ㆤࢆᢸ࠺┳ㆤᖌ࡟࠾࠸࡚ࡶᇶᮏⓗ࡞ㄢ㢟࡛࠶ࡿ. ࢔࣓ࣜ࢝ࢆ௦⾲ࡍࡿᡂேᩍ⫱◊✲⪅࡛࠶ࡿ࣓ࣜ࢔࣒ࡣ,ࠗᡂேᏛ⩦⌮ㄽࡢ᪂ࡋ࠸ືྥ࠘㸦࣓ࣜ࢔࣒, 2010㸧ࡢ୰࡛,ḟࡢࡼ࠺࡟㏙࡭࡚࠸ࡿ.
20 ୡ⣖࡟࠾࠸࡚ࡣ, ᡂேᏛ⩦ࡣ, ㄆ▱ⓗ࡞㐣⛬࡜ࡋ࡚, ࡘࡲࡾ, ⢭⚄ࡀ஦ᐇࡸ᝟ሗࢆࡍ࡭࡚▱㆑࡬࡜ኚ᥮ࡋ, ▱㆑ࡀḟ࡞ࡿ⾜ືࡢኚ໬࡜ࡋ࡚ほᐹࡉࢀࡿ㐣⛬࡜ࡋ࡚⌮ゎࡉࢀࡓࠋ࡞࠾ࡶグ᠈ࡸ᝟ሗฎ⌮࡟㛵ࡋ࡚ࡢ◊✲ࡣ≉࡟ᖺ㱋ࡢᶵ⬟࡜㛵ಀ࡙ࡅࡽࢀ࡚⥆ࡅࡽࢀ࡚࠸ࡿࡀ, ㏆ᖺ࡛ࡣ, Ꮫ⩦ࡣ, ㌟య, ᝟ື, ᚰࡸࢫࣆࣜࢳࣗ࢔ࣜࢸ࢕ࢆྵࡴ㠀ᖖ࡟ᗈ࠸άື࡜ࡋ࡚ゎ㔘ࡉࢀ࡚࠸ࡿࠋ࣭࣭࣭㸦୰␎㸧࣭࣭࣭ࠋᏛ⩦ࡢከඖⓗᛶ㉁ࡣ, Ꮫ⩦࡬ࡢ࠸ࡗࡑ࠺࣍ࣜࢫࢸ࢕ࢵࢡ࡞࢔ࣉ࣮ࣟࢳࢆྲྀࡿࡇ࡜࡜ゎ㔘ࡉࢀ࡚࠸ࡿ㸦p.136㸧.
ᅛᐃⓗ࡞࣒࢝ࣜ࢟ࣗࣛᚿྥⓗ࡞Ꮫ⩦, බᘧࡢᏛṔࡸ༢఩ࢆᙉㄪࡍࡿࡼࡾ, ᡂேᏛ⩦ࡢ኱ከᩘࢆ༨ࡵࡿࣀࣥࣇ࢛࣮࣐ࣝᏛ⩦ࡸ࢖ࣥࣇ࢛࣮࣐ࣝᏛ⩦ࢆࡶࡗ࡜┠࡟ぢ࠼ࡿࡶࡢ࡟ࡋ࡚࠸ࡃࡇ࡜ࡀ㔜せࡔࢁ࠺㸬㸦p.115㸧ᡂேᮇࡢᏛ⩦ࡣ, ⏕ࡁ࡚ࡁࡓ⤒㦂࡜୍య໬ࡋࡓ㛵ಀ࡟࠶ࡿࡢ࡛, ᇶ♏ᩍ⫱࡟࠾ࡅࡿᏛ⩦᪉ἲ࡜ࡣ␗࡞ࡾ, ࢼࣛࢸ࢕ࣈᏛ⩦ࡸᩍ⫱ⓗࣛ࢖ࣇࣄࢫࢺ࣮ࣜࢆά
⏝ࡋ, Ꮫ⩦⪅ࡀ⨨࠿ࢀ࡚࠸ࡿᩥ໬ⓗ≧ἣࡸ⏕ά⤒㦂࡜ษࡾ㞳ࡉࡎ࡟, ࡑࢀࡽࢆྵࡵ࡚◊✲ᑐ㇟࡜ࡍࡿ஦౛◊✲ࡢ⵳✚ࡀᚲせ࡛࠶ࡿ.
⌧௦♫఍࡟࠾࠸࡚ࡣ, ᑡᏊ㧗㱋໬ࡸᮍ᭯᭷ࡢ⅏ᐖ➼࡟ࡼࡗ࡚, ┳ㆤ࡟ᑐࡍࡿ
ᅜẸࡢࢣ࢔ࢽ࣮ࢬࡀቑ኱ࡋ࡚࠾ࡾ, ࣐ࣥࣃ࣮࣡୙㊊ࢆ⿵࠺ࡓࡵ࡟ࡶ, ᛴ⃭࡞་⒪᝟ໃࡢኚ໬࡟ᑐᛂ࡛ࡁࡿ୍ே࡛ࡶከࡃࡢ┳ㆤ⫋⪅ࡢ⫱ᡂࡀᛴࡀࢀ࡚࠸ࡿ.
᪥ᮏ࡟࠾ࡅࡿ┳ㆤᩍ⫱ࡢ⌧≧ࡣ, ᩍ⫱⫼ᬒࡀ㠀ᖖ࡟ከᵝ࡛࠶ࡿ࡟ࡶ࠿࠿ࢃ
ࡽࡎ, ྲྀᚓ࡛ࡁࡿචチࡀ, ┳ㆤᖌ, ෸┳ㆤᖌ, ಖ೺ᖌ, ຓ⏘ᖌ࡟㝈ࡽࢀ࡚࠸ࡿ.
ࡲࡓ, චチྲྀᚓᚋࡢ┳ㆤᐇ㊶⬟ຊࡢ⥔ᣢ࣭ྥୖ࡟ࡘ࠸࡚ࡣ, ྛ᪋タ࡛⾜ࢃࢀ࡚࠸ࡿࢡࣜࢽ࢝ࣝࣛࢲ࣮ไᗘ㸦⮫ᗋ┳ㆤᐇ㊶⬟ຊ⩦⇍ẁ㝵ไ㸧࡟ࡼࡿ⥅⥆ᩍ⫱࡟ࡼࡗ࡚᥎㐍ࡉࢀ࡚࠸ࡿ. ࢡࣜࢽ࢝ࣝࣛࢲ࣮ไᗘ࡜ࡣ, ୍⯡࡟, ⮫ᗋ࡟࠾࠸࡚,ࣃࢺࣜࢩ࢔࣭࣋ࢼ࣮ࡢ⌮ㄽ㸦࣋ࢼ࣮, 2001, 2010㸧࡟ᇶ࡙ࡁ, ᪂ே, ୍ே๓, ୰ሀ,㐩ே࡜࠸࠺ 4 ẁ㝵㸦ࣛࢲ࣮ࣞ࣋ࣝ㸧ࢆタᐃࡋ, ྛ⮬ࡀ⮬ᕫࡢᏛ⩦ㄢ㢟ࢆ᫂☜࡟ࡋࡓୖ࡛, ᲓᏊ㸦ࣛࢲ࣮㸧ࢆୖࡿࡼ࠺࡟Ꮫ⩦ࡍࡿࡇ࡜ࢆᨭ᥼ࡍࡿไᗘ࡛࠶ࡿ.
ྛ⑓㝔ࡢ≉ᛶ࡟ࡼࡾᩍ⫱ෆᐜࡣከᵝ࡛࠶ࡾ, ྛ⑓㝔┳ㆤ㒊ࡢᩍ⫱ᢸᙜ⟶⌮⪅ࡸᩍ⫱ጤဨ఍ࡀ௻⏬࣭㐠Ⴀ࣭◊ಟㅮᖌ࣭ホ౯ࢆ⾜࠺ࡇ࡜ࡀከ࠸. ࡲࡓ, ࣛ࢖ࣇ54

Journal of Quality Education Vol. 5ࣄࢫࢺ࣮ࣜ࠿ࡽぢࡓ┳ㆤᐇ㊶⬟ຊ࡛࠶ࡿࢥࣥࣆࢸࣥࢩ࣮ࡢ⋓ᚓ㐣⛬(ྂᇛ,2003; ⏣୰࣭ᑠ㔝࣭ᑠす, 2005㸹ᮡ㇂, 2004)ࡸ, ┳ㆤᐇ㊶⬟ຊࢆ⫱ᡂࡍࡿࡓࡵࡢࣜࣇࣞࢡࢩࣙࣥࡢᚲせᛶ࡟㛵ࡍࡿඛ⾜◊✲➼㸦ࣂ࣮ࣥࢬ, 2000㸹ᇼ஭, 2011㸹ᮏ⏣, 2001㸹ᮏ⏣࣭ᑠཎ, 2009㸹ụす࣭⏣ᮧ࣭▼ᕝ, 2007㸹ୖ⏣, 2012㸹ᮾ, 2010㸧ࡣ࠶ࡿࡀ, ᩍ⫱⫼ᬒࡀ␗࡞ࡿ୍ேࡦ࡜ࡾࡢ┳ㆤᖌࡀ, ࡝ࡢࡼ࠺࡞Ꮫ⩦⤒㦂ࢆ✚ࡳ㔜ࡡ࡚┳ㆤᐇ㊶⬟ຊࢆಖᣢࡋ, ⥅⥆ⓗ࡞Ꮫ⩦ࢆ⾜࠸࡞ࡀࡽ࢟ࣕࣜ࢔࢔ࢵࣉࢆࡋ࡚࠸ࡿࡢ࠿࡜࠸࠺ᐇែ࡟ࡘ࠸࡚ࡣ᫂ࡽ࠿࡟࡞ࡗ࡚࠸࡞࠸.
ࡑࡇ࡛, 㢧ᅾ໬ࡉࢀ࡟ࡃ࠸ಶேࡀయ㦂ࡋ࡚࠸ࡿព࿡ୡ⏺ࢆㄞࡳゎࡃ᪉ἲ࡛࠶ࡿࣛ࢖ࣇࢫࢺ࣮࣮࣭ࣜ࢖ࣥࢱࣅ࣮ࣗἲ㸦ᱜ஭࣭ᑠᯘ, 2010㸧ࢆ⏝࠸࡚, Ꮫ⩦⪅ಶேࡀ⨨࠿ࢀ࡚࠸ࡿᩥ໬ⓗ≧ἣࡸ⏕ά⤒㦂࡜ษࡾ㞳ࡉࡎ࡟, ᑓ㛛⫋ᴗே࡜ࡋ࡚ࡢ⥅⥆ⓗ࡞Ꮫ⩦ࡢᮏ㉁ࢆ᥈✲ࡍࡿࡇ࡜ࢆ┠ᣦࡋ࡚ᮏ◊✲࡟ྲྀࡾ⤌ࢇࡔ.

㻞䠊◊✲┠ⓗ㻌ᮏ◊✲ࡢ┠ⓗࡣ, ⇍⦎┳ㆤᖌࡢࣛ࢖ࣇࣄࢫࢺ࣮ࣜࢆศᯒࡋ, ⥅⥆ⓗ࡞Ꮫ⩦ពḧࢆಖᣢࡍࡿ㐣⛬ࢆ᫂ࡽ࠿࡟ࡋࡓୖ࡛, ࡑࡢᏛ⩦ࡢᮏ㉁ࢆ ࠕ⮬ᕫ࣭㠀⮬ᕫᚠ⎔⌮ㄽࠖ㸦ᮧ℩, 2000㸧࠿ࡽ᳨ウࡍࡿࡇ࡜࡛࠶ࡿ.

㻟䠊◊✲ᯟ⤌䛸䛧䛶䛾䛂⮬ᕫ䞉㠀⮬ᕫᚠ⎔⌮ㄽ䛃㻌ࠕ⮬ᕫ࣭㠀⮬ᕫᚠ⎔⌮ㄽࠖࡣ, 2000 ᖺ࡟ᮧ℩㞞ಇ࡟ࡼࡗ࡚ᥦၐࡉࢀࡓ⤫୍⏕࿨⌮ㄽ࡛࠶ࡿ. ࡑࡢ≉ᚩࡣ, ⏕࿨ࢆせ⣲࡟㑏ඖࡍࡿࡢ࡛ࡣ࡞ࡃ, ⮬ࡽ㛢ࡌࡓᵓ㐀ࢆ࡜ࡿࠕ⮬ᕫࠖࡀ,እ⏺࡛࠶ࡿࠕ㠀⮬ᕫࠖ࡜ᚠ⎔ࡍࡿせ⣲㐣⛬, ࡍ࡞ࢃࡕ, ࠕ⮬ᕫ࣭㠀⮬ᕫᚠ⎔㐣⛬ࠖ࡟㑏ඖࡋ࡚ᤊ࠼ࡿⅬ࡟࠶ࡿ. ⏕࿨㐣⛬ࡣධࢀᏊᵓ㐀࡛࠶ࡿࡓࡵ, 㒊ศ࡜ࡋ࡚ࡢせ⣲㐣⛬ࡀࠕ⮬ᕫ࣭㠀⮬ᕫᚠ⎔㐣⛬࡛ࠖ࠶ࡿ࡞ࡽࡤ, ඲యࡢᵓ㐀ࡶࠕ⮬ᕫ࣭㠀⮬ᕫᚠ⎔㐣⛬ࠖ࡜࡞ࡿ.
ࡇࡢ⏕࿨⌮ㄽࢆ◊✲ᯟ⤌࡜ࡋ࡚⏝࠸ࡿࡇ࡜࡟ࡼࡾ, ḟࡢࡼ࠺࡞ྍ⬟ᛶࡀ⪃࠼ࡽࢀࡿ.
ձ⏕ᡂ࣭Ⓨᒎࡋ࡚࠸ࡃ㐣⛬࡜ᾘ⁛࣭ᔂቯࡋ࡚࠸ࡃ㐣⛬࡜ࡀᑐ❧ⓗ࡟ඹᏑࡍࡿ࡜࠸࠺どⅬ࡟❧࡚ࡿࡓࡵ, ྰᐃⓗ࡞⌧㇟ࡢ῝ᒙ࡟⫯ᐃⓗ࡞⌧㇟ࢆ᝿ᐃ࡛ࡁ
ࡿྍ⬟ᛶࡸ, Ꮫ⩦㐣⛬࡟࠾ࡅࡿኻᩋయ㦂ࢆᡂຌయ㦂࡟ኚ᥮࡛ࡁࡿྍ⬟ᛶࡀᗈࡀࡿ.
ղࠕⓎᒎ㸫ᔂቯࠖ࡜࠸࠺ᒁᡤⓗ୍࣭᫬ⓗ࡞⏕࿨㐣⛬ࢆ, ඲యⓗ࣭㛗ᮇⓗ࡟ࡣ⼺᪕ⓗ࡟ᚠ⎔ࡍࡿṔྐⓗ㐣⛬࡜ࡋ࡚ᤊ࠼ࡿࡇ࡜ࡀ࡛ࡁࡿࡢ࡛, ⏕ά㐣⛬࡛㐼㐝ࡍࡿⱞᝎࡸ⤒㦂ࢆே⏕㸦Ṕྐ㸧ࡢ୰࡟ព࿡࡙ࡅ࡛ࡁࡿྍ⬟ᛶࡀ㛤ࡅࡿ.
ճᑐ❧ⓗඹᏑ࡟ࡼࡿㄆ㆑ࡢⓎᒎ࡟ࡼࡗ࡚, ⤒㦂ࢆእᅾ໬ࡋ࡚⌧㇟࡜ࡋ࡚Ꮫࡧ,55⇍⦎┳ㆤᖌࡢࣛ࢖ࣇࣄࢫࢺ࣮ࣜ࡟࠾ࡅࡿᏛ⩦ពḧࢆಖᣢࡍࡿ㐣⛬ࡉࡽ࡟እᅾࡋ࡚࠸ࡿ▱㆑ࡸ⌧㇟ࢆෆᅾ໬ࡋ࡚,ࡑࡢᮏ㉁ࢆ࡜ࡽ࠼ࡿࡇ࡜ࡢ⧞
ࡾ㏉ࡋ࡟ࡼࡾ, ㄆ㆑ࡢኚᐜ࣭Ⓨᒎཬࡧ࣓ࢱㄆ㆑ࢆಁࡍྍ⬟ᛶࡀ⏕ࡲࢀࡿ.

㻠䠊◊✲᪉ἲ㻌㻠㻚㻝㻚◊✲䝕䝄䜲䞁㻌ࣛ࢖ࣇࢫࢺ࣮࣮࣭ࣜ࢖ࣥࢱࣅ࣮ࣗἲࢆ⏝࠸ࡓ㉁ⓗ◊✲㻠㻚㻞㻚◊✲ᑐ㇟⪅㻌 Ẹ㛫⑓㝔࡟໅ົࡍࡿ㈨᱁ྲྀᚓᚋ  ᖺࡢ⇍⦎┳ㆤᖌ㸯ྡ㻠㻚㻟㻚◊✲ᮇ㛫㻌 ᖹᡂ㹖ᖺ  ᭶㹼 ᭶㻠㻚㻠㻚䝕䞊䝍཰㞟᪉ἲ㻌◊✲ࡢ㊃᪨࡜೔⌮ⓗ㓄៖ࢆ◊✲ᑐ㇟⪅࡟ㄝ᫂ࡋ◊✲ཧຍࡢᢎㅙࢆᚓࡓୖ
࡛$ Ặ࡟ᑐࡋࣛ࢖ࣇࢫࢺ࣮࣮࣭ࣜ࢖ࣥࢱࣅ࣮ࣗࢆᐇ᪋ࡋࡓ㠃᥋ࡣ㟼࠿࡞ಶᐊ࡛  ᅇᐇ᪋ࡋ㠃᥋ෆᐜࡣ஢ゎࢆᚓ࡚㡢ኌࢆ ,& ࣞࢥ࣮ࢲ࣮࡟㘓㡢ࡋ㠃
᥋᫬ࡢᵝᏊ࡟ࡘ࠸࡚ࡣࣇ࢕࣮ࣝࢻࣀ࣮ࢺ࡟グ㘓ࡋࡓ ᅇ┠ࡢ㠃᥋ࡣ ᅇ┠ࡢ㠃᥋ࡢ⿵㊊ࢆ୰ᚰ࡜ࡋ࡚ᐇ᪋ࡋࡓ㻠㻚㻡㻚䝕䞊䝍ศᯒ᪉ἲ㻌㘓㡢ࡋࡓෆᐜ࡟ᇶ࡙ࡁ㏲ㄒ㘓ࢆసᡂࡋᏛ⩦ࢆ⥅⥆ࡍࡿࡁࡗ࠿ࡅ࡜࡞ࡗࡓ
⤒㦂ࢆ୰ᚰ࡜ࡋ࡚ࣛ࢖ࣇࣄࢫࢺ࣮ࣜࢆ෌ᵓᡂࡋ࡚㉁ⓗ࡟ศᯒࡋࡑࡢ⤖ᯝ࡟ࡘ࠸࡚ࠕ⮬ᕫ࣭㠀⮬ᕫᚠ⎔⌮ㄽࠖ࠿ࡽ᳨ウࡋࡓ㻡䠊೔⌮ⓗ㓄៖㻌◊✲ࢆጞࡵࡿ࡟࠶ࡓࡗ࡚ࡣ༠ຊ᪋タࡢ೔⌮ጤဨ఍࡟◊✲ィ⏬᭩ࢆᥦฟࡋᢎㄆࢆཷࡅࡓ◊✲ᑐ㇟⪅࡜࡞ࡿ⇍⦎┳ㆤᖌࡢ㑅ᐃࡣ⮫ᗋ⤒㦂ࡀ༑ศ࡟࠶ࡾ
⮬ᕫࡢయ㦂ࢆ༑ศゝㄒ໬࡛ࡁࡿ┳ㆤᖌ࡛ᶒ฼᧦ㆤ⪅ࡢ❧ሙ࡜ࡋ࡚ࡢ㒊ᒁ㛗ࡢ᥎⸀ࢆཷࡅࡓ㈨᱁ྲྀᚓᚋ  ᖺ⛬ᗘࡢ┳ㆤᖌ࡜ࡋࡓ◊✲ᑐ㇟ೃ⿵⪅࡟ᑐࡋ◊✲ࡢ㊃᪨࡟ࡘ࠸࡚ᩥ᭩ࢆ⏝࠸࡚ㄝ᫂ࡋࡓୖ࡛◊✲ཧຍཬࡧ୰᩿ࡢ⮬⏤ࢆಖ㞀ࡋ◊✲ཧຍࢆ୰᩿ࡋࡓሙྜࡶ୙฼┈ࢆࡇ࠺ࡴࡽ࡞࠸ࡇ࡜ࣉࣛ࢖ࣂࢩ࣮
ࡢಖㆤࢆ㑂Ᏺࡍࡿࡇ࡜ࢆ⣙᮰ࡋ◊✲ཧຍཬࡧ◊✲Ⓨ⾲࣭ㄽᩥసᡂ࡟ࡘ࠸࡚ྠពࢆᚓࡓࡲࡓ㠃᥋ᚋ࡟సᡂࡋࡓ㏲ㄒ㘓࡟┠ࢆ㏻ࡋ࡚ࡶࡽ࠸බ⾲ࢆ㑊ࡅ
56

Journal of Quality Education Vol. 5ࡓ࠸ෆᐜࢆ๐㝖ࡋ࡚ࡶࡽࡗࡓୖ࡛ࢹ࣮ࢱ໬ࡋࡓ6㸬◊✲⤖ᯝ㻢㻚㻝䠊◊✲ᑐ㇟⪅䛾ᴫせ㻌$ Ặ ṓዪᛶ࡛ ṓ࠿ࡽ  ṓࡲ࡛ࡢ  ᖺ㛫ࡢࣛ࢖ࣇࣄࢫࢺ࣮ࣜࢆ◊✲ᑐ㇟࡜ࡋࡓ ṓ㸸┳ㆤᏛᰯ࡟ྜ᱁ࡍࡿࡀ∗ぶࡢṚ࡟ࡼࡗ࡚㐍Ꮫࢆ᩿ᛕㄪ⌮࡞࡝ࡢ௙஦ࢆࡋ࡞ࡀࡽⓒ⛉஦඾࡛ຮᙉ ṓ㸸෸┳ㆤᏛᰯ࡬㐍Ꮫࡋ෸┳ㆤᖌ㈨᱁ྲྀᚓࡑࡢᚋᐃ᫬ไ㧗ᰯ࡟⦅ධ ṓ㸸⤖፧ࡍࡿࡀ  ᖺᚋ࡟ኵࡀṚஸࡑࡢᚋ኱Ꮫࡢಖ⫱⛉㸦஧㒊㸧࡟㐍Ꮫಖẕ㈨᱁ᗂ⛶ᅬᩍㅍචチྲྀᚓ⤫ྜᩍ⫱ࢆࡋ࡚࠸ࡿᗂ⛶ᅬ࡛  ᖺಖ⫱⤒㦂ࢆࡍࡿ୰࡛኱Ꮫ㏻ಙᩍ⫱ㄢ⛬࡟⦅ධࡋ㸶ᖺ㛫ᅾ⡠ᚋ࡟༞ᴗ ṓ㸸෌፧ࡋ⩣ᖺ⏨ඣฟ⏘ㄪ⌮ᖌචチྲྀᚓࢡࣜࢽࢵࢡ࡟෸┳ㆤᖌ࡜ࡋ࡚㸯ᖺ㛫໅ົ ṓ㸸Ẹ㛫⑓㝔࡟෸┳ㆤᖌ࡜ࡋ࡚ᑵ⫋ࡇࡢ㛫㌟య࣭▱ⓗ㞀☀⪅ࡢ᪋タ࡟◊✲⏕࡜ࡋ࡚㸯ᖺ㛫Ꮫࡪࣞࢡ࢚࣮ࣜࢩࣙࣥ࢖ࣥࢫࢺࣛࢡࢱ࣮⚟♴࢖ࣥࢫࢺࣛࢡࢱ࣮ࡢ㈨᱁ྲྀᚓ⑓㝔ෆࡢ㡢ᴦ⒪ἲⓗάື࡟ཧຍ ṓ㸸㞴⑓⑓Ჷ࡟໅ົ␗ື ṓ㸸ࢣ࢔࣐ࢿ࣮ࢪ࣮ࣕࡢ㈨᱁ྲྀᚓ
 ṓ㸸⢭⚄⛉⑓Ჷ࡬໅ົ␗ື ṓ㸸┳ㆤ኱Ꮫ㏻ಙᩍ⫱ㄢ⛬࡟ධᏛࡋ㸰ᖺᚋ࡟┳ㆤᖌචチྲྀᚓ ṓ㸸㏥⫋ᚋࡶࣃ࣮ࢺ┳ㆤᖌ࡜ࡋ࡚⢭⚄⛉ᛴᛶᮇ἞⒪⑓Ჷ࡛໅ົࡋᐇẕࡢ௓ㆤࢆࡋ࡞ࡀࡽ⚟♴⣔኱Ꮫࡢ⢭⚄ಖ೺⚟♴ኈࡢࢥ࣮ࢫ࡛Ꮫࢇ࡛࠸ࡿ㻢㻚㻞㻚㻌 㻭 Ặ䛾䝷䜲䝣䝠䝇䝖䝸䞊㻌➨  ᅇ㠃᥋ࡣ  ᫬㛫࡛➨  ᅇ㠃᥋ࡣ  ᫬㛫  ศ࡛࠶ࡗࡓ$ Ặࡢ  ᖺ㛫ࡢࣛ࢖ࣇࣄࢫࢺ࣮ࣜࡢ୰ᚰⓗ࡞ࢸ࣮࣐ࡣࠕே⏕ࡢὶࢀ࡟㏫ࡽࢃࡎ⮬⏤࡟Ꮫ࡭ࡿᖾࡏ࡛ࠖ࠶ࡗࡓ$ Ặࡢࣛ࢖ࣇࣄࢫࢺ࣮ࣜࢆᏛࡧࡢෆᐜࡢኚ໬࡜࠸࠺どⅬ࠿ࡽࢱ࣮ࢽࣥࢢ࣏࢖ࣥࢺ࡜࡞ࡿ᫬ᮇࢆぢฟࡋ༊ษࡗ࡚ࡳࡿ࡜➨Ϩᮇ㹼➨ϱᮇࡢ ᮇ࡟ศࡅࡽࢀࡓ௨ୗ࡟ྛᮇ࡟࠾ࡅࡿᏛ⩦ពḧࢆಖᣢࡍࡿࡁࡗ࠿ࡅ࡜࡞ࡗࡓ⤒㦂࡜Ꮫ⩦ෆᐜ࡟ࡘ࠸࡚♧ࡍ57⇍⦎┳ㆤᖌࡢࣛ࢖ࣇࣄࢫࢺ࣮ࣜ࡟࠾ࡅࡿᏛ⩦ពḧࢆಖᣢࡍࡿ㐣⛬➨Ϩᮇࠚാࡁ࡞ࡀࡽᏛ࡭ࡿᶵ఍ࢆᚅࡘ᫬ᮇ࠙➨ᐙ᪘ᵓᡂဨࡢኚ໬࡟ࡼࡾᏛᰯᩍ⫱ࢆཷࡅࡿᶵ఍ࢆᘏᮇࡏࡊࡿࢆᚓ࡞࠿ࡗࡓࡀࡑࡢኚ໬ࢆཷࡅධࢀᏛᰯ࡛Ꮫࡧࡓ࠸Ẽᣢࡕࢆⓒ⛉஦඾࡛ຮᙉࡍࡿࡇ࡜࡛᪼⳹ࡉࡏ௚ࡢே࡟㈇ࡅ࡞࠸኱ே࡟࡞ࢁ࠺࡜ࡋ࡚࠸ࡓ᫬ᮇ࡛࠶ࡿ ṓࡢ᫬࡟∗ࡀ࡞ࡃ࡞ࡾ୰Ꮫ༞ᴗᚋࡣᑵ⫋⤌ࡔࡗࡓẕࡀ┳ㆤᖌ࡛࠶ࡗࡓ㛵ಀ࡛ࡶ࡜ࡶ࡜┳ㆤᖌ࡜࠸࠺௙஦࡟ࡣ⯆࿡ࡀ࠶ࡗࡓᅜ❧ࡢ┳ㆤᏛᰯ࡟ྜ᱁ࡋ࡚࠸ࡓࡀẕࡀධᏛ࡟཯ᑐࡋࡓ཯ᑐࡢ⌮⏤ࡣࠕ┳ㆤᖌࡣᩱ⌮ࡀୗᡭࡔࡋ୓ࡀ୍≢⨥࡟ᕳࡁ㎸ࡲࢀࡓࡾࡋࡓࡽ኱ኚࡔ࠿ࡽ⾜ࡁࡓ࠸࡞ࡽ  ṓࡍࡂ࡟ࡋ࡞ࡉ࠸Ꮫᰯࡣ㏨ࡆ࡞࠸࠿ࡽࠖ࡜࠸࠺ࡇ࡜ࡔࡗࡓࡼࡃࢃ࠿ࡽ࡞࠸ࡅࢀ࡝ ṓ㐣ࡂ࡞ࡽ࠸࠸ࢇࡔ࡞࡜⪃࠼ാ࠸ࡓᑠᏛ㤋ࡢⓒ⛉஦඾ࢆ඲㒊ㄞࢇ࡛ぬ࠼࡚௚ࡢே㐩࡟㈇ࡅ࡞࠸኱ே࡟࡞ࡾࡓ࠸࡜ᛮࡗ࡚
࠸ࡓ࠙➨ϩᮇࠚ⮬ศࡢࡸࡾࡓ࠸ຮᙉࢆጞࡵࡿࡇ࡜ࡀ࡛ࡁࡓ᫬ᮇᬕࢀ࡚Ꮫ࡭ࡿᶵ఍ࢆᚓ࡚ᩍᖌ࡟࠿ࡃぢᏲࡽࢀࡿ୰࡛⮬ศࡢࡸࡾࡓ࠸ຮᙉࡀࡸࢀࡿ࡜࠸࠺Ẽᣢࡕࢆᣢࡗ࡚Ꮫࢇࡔ᫬ᮇ࡛࠶ࡿࡑࡢᚋࡢ⫥య୙⮬⏤ඣ࡬ࡢ᥼ຓ⤒㦂࠿ࡽಖẕࡢ௙஦࡟ࡶ㨩ຊࢆឤࡌ࡚ຮᙉࡋࡓ࠸࡜⪃࠼ࡓᬕࢀ࡚  ṓ࡟࡞ࡗࡓ᫬͂ࡇࡇ࠿ࡽࡣ⚾ࡢ␒̓࡜࠸࠺Ẽᣢࡕ࡛ᆅඖࡢ⑓㝔࡛  ᖺ㛫ാࡁ࡞ࡀࡽ෸┳ㆤᖌࡢᏛᰯ࡛ຮᙉࡋࡓࡇࡢ┳ㆤᏛᰯ࡛ࡍࡤࡽࡋ࠸ඛ⏕࡜ࡢฟ఍࠸ࡀ࠶ࡗࡓ⚾ࡣ୰༞࡛ᖺࢆ࡜ࡗ࡚࠿ࡽධᏛࡋࡓࡢ࡛ ࠿ࡃぢᏲࡗ࡚ࡶࡽࡗࡓ⮬ศࡢࡸࡾࡓ࠸ࡇ࡜ࡀ࡛ࡁࡿຮᙉࡋࡓ࠸ࡇ࡜ࡀ࡛ࡁࡿ࡜࠸࠺Ẽᣢࡕࡀ኱ࡁ࠿ࡗࡓ༞ᴗᚋᐃ᫬ไ㧗ᰯ࡟㐍ࢇࡔ໅ົࡋ࡚࠸ࡓ⑓㝔ࡢ㝔㛗ࡀ㣴ㆤᏛᰯࡢᰯ་ࢆࡋ࡚࠸࡚⫥య୙⮬⏤ඣࡢデᐹ௓ຓࢆࡉࡏ࡚࠸ࡓࡔࡃ୰࡛ಖẕࡢ௙஦࡟ࡶ㨩ຊࢆឤࡌࡓ࠙➨Ϫᮇࠚ㸰ࡘࡢ⫋ᴗேࢆ┠ᣦࡋ࡚Ꮫࢇࡔ᫬ᮇ┳ㆤᖌ࡜ಖẕ࡜࠸࠺㸰ࡘࡢ⫋ᴗேࢆ┠ᣦࡋ࡚Ꮫࢇࡔ᫬ᮇ࡛࠶ࡿ㈨᱁ྲྀᚓᚋࡢᑵ⫋ࡣಖẕࢆ㑅ᢥࡍࡿࡀࡑࡢ୰࡛┳ㆤᖌ࡜ࡋ࡚ࡢᏛࡧࢆά࠿ࡋࡓ⤫ྜᩍ⫱࡟ྲྀࡾ⤌ࡴ┳ㆤ࡜ಖ⫱ࡀ୧᪉࡛ࡁࡿேࢆ┠ᣦࡋࡓ࠸࡜࠸࠺Ẽᣢࡕࡔࡗࡓࣆ࢔ࣀࡢ⦎⩦ࢆጞࡵ኱Ꮫࡢ஧㒊࡟ධᏛࡋ࡚ಖẕࡢຮᙉࡸᗂ⛶ᅬ࣭ᑠᏛᰯᩍㅍࡢචチࢆྲྀᚓࡋࡓ㈨᱁ྲྀᚓᚋᗂ⛶ᅬ࡟ᑵ⫋ࡋࡓᑵ⫋ࡋࡓᗂ⛶ᅬ࡛ࡣ᛹ᡃࡸ⬺⮻ࡀከࡃࡇࡇ࡛┳ㆤᖌ࡜ࡋ࡚ࡢ⤒㦂ࡀᙺ❧ࡕ┳ㆤࡢຮᙉࢆࡋ࡚ࡁ࡚ࡼ࠿ࡗࡓ࡜ᛮࡗࡓ࡜࡟࠿ࡃ௙஦

58

Journal of Quality Education Vol. 5ࡀᴦࡋࡃ࡚ࡇࢀࡀኳ⫋ࡔ࡜ᛮࡗ࡚࠸ࡓࡇࡢ᫬ࡣ┳ㆤ࡟෌ࡧᡠࡿ࡜ࡣᛮࢃ࡞࠿ࡗࡓᗂ⛶ᅬ࡛ࡣᅬ㛗ඛ⏕ࡀᏛࡪࡇ࡜ࢆᛂ᥼ࡋ࡚ࡃࢀ⤫ྜᩍ⫱ࢆࡍࡿ୰࡛⮬㛢⑕ࡸ㞴⫈ࡢࡇ࡝ࡶ㐩ࢆᢸ௵ࡋࡓࡑࡢ୰࡛ࡇ࡝ࡶ㐩ࡀ⮬㛢⑕ࡢࡇ࡝ࡶࡀ࡛ࡁࡿࡼ࠺࡟࡞ࡗࡓࡇ࡜ࢆ⚾࡟ሗ࿌ࡋ࡚ࡃࢀࡿࡼ࠺࡟࡞ࡗࡓࠕඛ⏕‫ࠖࡼࡓࡁ࡛ڹڹࡀࢇࡷࡕۑۑ‬࡜࠿㞀☀ࡢ࠶ࡿᏊ࡝ࡶࡀ࠸ࡿࡇ࡜ࡣ௚ࡢࡇ࡝ࡶ㐩ࡢⓎ㐩࡟ᙳ㡪ࡍࡿࢇࡔ࡞࡜ᛮ࠸
⚾ࡀពᅗࡋ࡞࠸႐ࡧࢆ௚ࡢேࡀ㐠ࢇ࡛ࡃࢀࡓ࡜ᛮࡗࡓ

࠙➨ϫᮇࠚ⑓㝔࡛┳ㆤࡢ෌ຮᙉኳ⫋ࡔ࡜ᛮࡗࡓᗂ⛶ᅬ࡛ࡢ௙஦ࡶ⤖፧ࡸ㌿ᒃ࣭ฟ⏘࡟ࡼࡾ᩿ᛕࡏࡊࡿࢆᚓࡎ㏆ᡤࡢ⑓㝔࡟ᑵ⫋ࡋ┳ㆤࡢ෌ຮᙉࢆࡍࡿࡇ࡜࡟࡞ࡗࡓ᫬ᮇ࡛࠶ࡿ⑓ᲷࡢᏛ⩦఍࡟✚ᴟⓗ࡟ཧຍࡋᕷ㈍ࡢᮏࢆ㈙ࡗ࡚ክ୰࡛ຮᙉࡋᛁࡋࡃ࡚ࡶ௙஦
ࢆࡋ࡞ࡀࡽᏛ࡭ࡿࡇ࡜ࡢᎰࡋࡉ࡜᭷㞴ࡉࢆឤࡌ࡚࠸ࡓ෌፧ࡋ㌿ᒃࡋࡓࡓࡵ࡟໅ົඛࡔࡗࡓᗂ⛶ᅬࡀ㐲ࡃ࡞ࡾ௚ࡢࢫࢱࢵࣇ࡟㏞ᝨࢆ࠿ࡅࡓࡃ࡞࠸࡜࠸࠺Ẽᣢࡕ࠿ࡽᛮ࠸ษࡗ࡚㏥⫋ࡋࡓ⩣ᖺฟ⏘ࡇ࡝ࡶࢆಖ⫱ᅬ࡟㡸ࡅ࡚⮬ศࡶᑵ⫋ࡋࡓ࠸࡜ᕼᮃࡋࡓࡽྠࡌ⫋ሙ࡛ࡣࡔࡵࡔ࡜ゝࢃࢀᅬ་ࡢࢡࣜࢽࢵࢡࢆ⤂௓ࡉࢀ࡚┳ㆤ⫋࡜ࡋ࡚  ᖺ㛫໅ົࡋࡓࡇࡇ࡛₎᪉ࡢຮᙉࢆࡉࡏ࡚ࡶࡽ
ࡗࡓࡉࡽ࡟ᐇẕࡢ㏆ࡃ࡟㌿ᒃࡋ࡚㏆ࡃ࡟࠶ࡗࡓẸ㛫⑓㝔ࡢ⪁ேෆ⛉⑓Ჷ࡟ᑵ⫋ࡋࡓ⚾ࡣ┳ㆤᖌ࡜ࡋ࡚ࡢ⮫ᗋ⤒㦂ࡀᑡ࡞࠸ࡢ࡛ࡑࡇࡢࡸࡾ᪉ࡀṇࡋ࠸࡜ᛮࡗ࡚࠸ࡓࡀ௚ࡢ⑓㝔࠿ࡽ᮶ࡓ┳ㆤᖌ࠿ࡽ࠸ࢁ࠸ࢁ࡞┳ㆤ᪉ἲࢆᩍ࠼࡚ࡶࡽ࠸ຮᙉࡀᚲせࡔ࡜ᛮࡗࡓኪ໅᫂ࡅ࡛ࡶ⑓ᲷࡢᏛ⩦఍࡟ࡣ࡛ࡁࡿࡔࡅཧຍࡋ࡚ᕷ㈍ࡢᮏ࡛ຮᙉࡋ࡞ࡀࡽክ୰࡛ാ࠸ࡓ௙஦ࡣᛁࡋ࠸ࡅࢀ࡝Ꮫ࡭ࡿࡇ࡜ࡀᎰࡋࡃ࡚Ꮀࡋࡃ࡚࣭࣭௙஦ࢆࡋ࡞ࡀࡽຮᙉ࡛ࡁࡿ᭷㞴ࡉࢆឤࡌ࡚࠸ࡓ࠙➨Ϭᮇࠚಖ⫱ࢆά࠿ࡋࡓ┳ㆤᐇ㊶ࢆ⾜ࡗࡓ᫬ᮇㄆ▱⑕ࡢᝈ⪅ࡉࢇࢆ┳ㆤࡍࡿ୰࡛ࠕ⏕ࡁࡿࡇ࡜ࢆᴦࡋࡵࡿ᥼ຓࢆࡋࡓ࠸ࠖ࡜࠸࠺་ᖌࡢゝⴥ࡟ゐⓎࡉࢀഅ↛ࡵࡄࡗ࡚ࡁࡓ㡢ᴦ⒪ἲࡢ◊ಟཧຍࢆࡁࡗ࠿ࡅ࡜ࡋ࡚ಖẕࡢ⤒㦂ࡀά࠿ࡏࡿࡇ࡜࡟Ẽ࡙ࡁ௰㛫࡜࡜ࡶ࡟㡢ᴦ⒪ἲࢆ
ྲྀࡾධࢀࡓ᥼ຓ᪉ἲࢆ⪃᱌ࡋᐇ㊶ࡍࡿ᫬ᮇ࡛࠶ࡿࡑࡢ㐣⛬࡛ࠕࡸࡗ࡚ࡁࡓࡇ࡜ࡀ↓㥏࡟࡞ࡿࡇ࡜ࡣ࡞࠸┳ㆤࡗ࡚ࢺ࣮ࢱࣝ࡞ࡶࡢࠖ࡜࠸࠺Ẽ࡙ࡁࢆᚓ࡚࠸ࡿࡉࡽ࡟ᑓ㛛⫋࡜ࡋ࡚ࣞࢡ࢚࣮ࣜࢩࣙࣥࡸ⚟♴ࡢ࢖ࣥࢫࢺࣛࢡࢱ࣮ࡢ㈨᱁
ࢆྲྀᚓࡍࡿࡓࡵ࡟ຮᙉࡋ㞀☀ඣࡢ㏻࠺᪋タ࡛ࡢ◊✲⏕࡜ࡋ࡚ࣀ࣮࣐ࣛ࢖
ࢮ࣮ࢩࣙࣥ࡞࡝࡟ࡘ࠸࡚Ꮫࢇ࡛࠸ࡿ59⇍⦎┳ㆤᖌࡢࣛ࢖ࣇࣄࢫࢺ࣮ࣜ࡟࠾ࡅࡿᏛ⩦ពḧࢆಖᣢࡍࡿ㐣⛬ㄆ▱⑕ࡢᝈ⪅ࡉࢇ࡟ࡘ࠸࡚࠶ࡿ་ᖌࡀࠕࡇࡇ࡟ධ㝔ࡋ࡚ࡁ࡚⸆࡛ࡼࡃ࡞ࡿࡇ࡜ࡣ㝈ࡽࢀ࡚࠸ࡿඖẼ࡞᫬࡟⏕ࡁࡿࡇ࡜ࢆㅻḷࡍࡿ⏕ࡁࡿࡇ࡜ࢆᴦࡋࡵࡿఱ࠿ࢆࡋ࡚࠶ࡆࡓ࠸ࠖ࡜ᖖ࡟ゝࡗ࡚࠸ࡓࡑࡢ㡭㡢ᴦ⒪ἲࡢ◊ಟࡀ࠶ࡾṇ┳ㆤᖌࡢࣆࣥࢳࣄࢵࢱ࣮࡜ࡋ࡚ཧຍࡋࡓࠕࡇࢀࡗ࡚⚾ࡀ௒ࡲ୍࡛ᮼࡸࡗ࡚ࡁࡓࡇ࡜ࡌࡷ࡞࠸㸽ࠖ࡜࠸࠺Ẽᣢࡕ࡛㐪࿴ឤ࡞ࡃ◊ಟ࡟ཧຍࡋࡓࡑࡢᚋ࡟㡢ᴦ⒪ἲࢆྲྀࡾධࢀࡓ┳ㆤ᪉ἲࢆ௰㛫࡜୍⥴࡟❧ࡕୖࡆ⑓㝔ࡢ⚍ࡾ࡛ࡢ๰సࢲࣥࢫࡸேᙧ๻࡞࡝ࢆ  ᖺ㛫⥆ࡅࡓࡑࡢ㐣⛬࡛ヰࡶ࡛ࡁࡎ⫶⒦ቑタࡋ࡚࠸ࡓᝈ⪅ࡉࢇࡀḷࢆ㏻ࡋཱྀ࡚࠿ࡽ㣗࡭ࡽࢀࡿࡼ࠺࡟࡞ࡾヰࡀ࡛ࡁࡿࡼ࠺࡟࡞ࡗࡓ࡜࠸࠺┳ㆤ⤒㦂ࢆࡋࡓࡇࡢࡼ࠺࡞⤒㦂࠿ࡽࡸࡗ࡚ࡁࡓࡇ࡜ࡀ↓㥏࡟࡞ࡿࡇ࡜ࡣ࡞࠸ࢇࡔ┳ㆤࡗ࡚ࢺ࣮ࢱࣝ࡞ࡶࡢ࡞ࢇࡔ࡞࠶࡜ᛮࡗࡓࡑࡢᚋ࡟ࣞࢡ࢚࣮ࣜࢩࣙࣥ࢖ࣥࢫࢺࣛࢡࢱ࣮࡜⚟♴࢖ࣥࢫࢺࣛࢡࢱ࣮ࡢ㈨᱁ࢆྲྀᚓࡋ ṓ௨ୖࡢேࡀ㏻࠺㞀☀⪅᪋タࡢ◊✲ဨ࡜ࡋ࡚  ᖺ㛫Ꮫࢇࡔࡑࡇ࡛ࡣࣀ࣮࣐ࣛ࢖ࢮ࣮ࢩࣙࣥࡸྠᛶ௓ㆤ௓ㆤ⪅ࡢேᶒࡢ᧦ㆤ࡞࡝࡟ࡘ࠸
࡚ࡶ⪃࠼ࡉࡏࡽࢀࡿ⤒㦂ࢆࡋࡓ࠙➨ϭᮇࠚ⢭⚄⛉┳ㆤࡢ෌ຮᙉࢆࡍࡿ᫬ᮇ⢭⚄⛉⑓Ჷ࡟໅ົ␗ືࡋࡓࡇ࡜ࢆࡁࡗ࠿ࡅ࡟⢭⚄⛉ࣜࣁࣅࣜࢸ࣮ࢩࣙࣥࡢ◊ಟ࡟ཧຍࡋ667㸦6RFLDO6NLOOV7UDLQLQJ㸸♫఍⏕άᢏ⬟カ⦎㸧ࢆ✚ᴟⓗ࡟┳ㆤ᥼ຓ࡟ྲྀࡾධࢀࡿࡓࡵ࡟Ꮫࡧ⥆ࡅࡿ᫬ᮇ࡛࠶ࡿ⢭⚄⛉⑓Ჷ࡟໅ົ␗ືࡀ࠶ࡗࡓᙜ᫬ࡣಖㆤᐊ࡟ࡲࡔ㕲᱁Ꮚࡀධࡗ࡚࠸ࡿ᫬௦ࡔࡗࡓࡇࡢேࡓࡕ࡟ఱ࠿႐ࡧࢆឤࡌ࡚ࡶࡽ࠼ࡿ᥼ຓࡣ࡞࠸࠿࡞࠶࡜ᛮࡗࡓ୍ேࡦ࡜ࡾ࡟ࢫ࣏ࢵࢺࡀᙜࡓࡿ᫬㛫ࢆసࡿࡇ࡜ࡀ࡛ࡁࢀࡤ࡜࠸࠺Ẽᣢࡕࡔࡗࡓ⢭⚄⛉ࣜࣁࣅࣜࢸ࣮ࢩࣙࣥࡢ◊ಟ࡜ࡋ࡚667 ࡢ◊ಟ࡟ཧຍࡋࡓࡑࡢ୰࡛⚾ࡣ⢭⚄⛉┳ㆤࡢࡇ࡜ࢆఱࡶࢃ࠿ࡗ࡚࠸࡞࠸࡜࠸࠺Ẽᣢࡕ࡟࡞ࡾ⢭⚄⛉┳ㆤࡢຮᙉࢆࡋࡓ࠸
࡞࡜ᛮࡗࡓࡲࡓ⑓Ჷࡢ 667 ࡢಀࡾ࡜࡞ࡾ667 ࢆࡸࡿ࠿ࡽ࡟ࡣຮᙉࡋ࡞ࡃࡕࡷ࡜ᛮࡗ࡚ᮏࢆ㈙ࡗࡓࡾࡇࢀࡲ࡛ࡸࡗ࡚ࡁࡓே࡟ヰࢆ⪺࠸ࡓࡾࡋࡓࣞࢡ࢚࣮ࣜࢩࣙࣥࢆ⾜࠺㐣⛬࡛ࡣᑓ㛛ⓗᏛࡧࢆ῝ࡵ࡚࠸ࡿసᴗ⒪ἲኈ࠿ࡽከࡃࡢࡇ࡜ࢆᏛࡤࡏ࡚ࡶࡽࡗࡓ࠙➨Ϯᮇࠚ㝔ෆ⥅⥆ᩍ⫱࡛Ꮫࡧࢆ᣺ࡾ㏉ࡿ᫬ᮇ኱Ꮫ࡛┳ㆤᏛࢆᏛࢇࡔ┳ㆤᖌ࡜୍⥴࡟௙஦ࢆࡍࡿ୰࡛⢭⚄⛉┳ㆤࡢዟ῝ࡉ࡟ࡘ࠸࡚㛤║ࡍࡿ࡜࡜ࡶ࡟㝔ෆ⥅⥆ᩍ⫱ไᗘࡀᑟධࡉࢀ࡚㛤ദࡉࢀࡿࡼ࠺࡟࡞ࡗࡓ◊ಟ࡟✚ᴟⓗ࡟ཧຍࡍࡿ᫬ᮇ࡛࠶ࡿ⑓㝔࡟ᒃ࡞ࡀࡽ࡟ࡋ࡚Ꮫ࡭
ࡿ᭷㞴ࡉࢆᛮ࠸┳ㆤ◊✲࡟ᣮᡓࡍࡿᶵ఍ࢆᚓࡓࡇ࡜࡛┳ㆤᐇ㊶ࡢ㛗ᮇ࡟

60

Journal of Quality Education Vol. 5ࢃࡓࡿṔྐⓗ⵳✚࡟ឤືࡋࡓ
0 ┳ㆤᖌ㸦◊✲⪅㸧ࡀ⚾ࡀ໅ົࡋ࡚࠸ࡓ⑓Ჷ࡟ධࡾ୍⥴࡟┳ㆤᐇ㊶ࢆࡍࡿ㐣⛬࡛⢭⚄⛉┳ㆤ࡟ࡘ࠸࡚ᮏᙜࡣࡇ࠺࠸࠺ࡶࡢ࡞ࡢ࠿࡜࠸࠺ࡇ࡜ࢆᏛ࡭ࡓ⢭⚄⛉┳ㆤࡀᩍ㣴ࡸ▱㆑࡟⿬ᡴࡕࡉࢀࡓ┳ㆤࡔ࡜࠸࠺ࡇ࡜ࡸᝈ⪅ࡉࢇࡢᛮ࠸࡟ῧࡗࡓඹឤࡢ௙᪉ே㛫࡜ே㛫ࡢ㛵ಀᚰࡢ࣏ࢪࢩࣙࢽࣥࢢ࡞࡝࡟ࡘ࠸࡚Ꮫࡪᶵ఍ࢆᚓࡓࡑࡋ࡚
0 ┳ㆤᖌࡀᩍ⫱ᖌ㛗࡟࡞ࡾ㝔ෆ࡟⥅⥆ᩍ⫱ไᗘࢆධࢀ࡚ࡃࢀࡓࡢ࡛㝔ෆ࡛ᒃ࡞ࡀࡽ࡟ࡋ࡚Ꮫࡪࡇ࡜ࡀ࡛ࡁࡓࡇ࡜ࡣ᭷㞴࠿ࡗࡓ⥅⥆ᩍ⫱ࡢ୍⎔࡜ࡋ࡚┳ㆤ◊✲࡛᭹⸆⮬ᕫ⟶⌮ࡢࡇ࡜࡛ᩥ⊩ࢆ㞟ࡵ࡚ࡳ࡚ࡇࢀࡲ࡛ࡇࢇ࡞࡟◊✲ࢆࡸࡗ࡚ࡁ࡚࠸ࡿࢇࡔ࡞࠶࡜㛗࠸㛫ࡢ┳ㆤᐇ㊶ࡢṔྐⓗ⵳✚࡟ឤືࡋࡓᝈ⪅ࡉࢇࡀࡇࡢ⑓Ჷ࡟ධ㝔ࡋ࡚ࡼ࠿ࡗࡓ࡞࠶࡜ᛮ࠼ࡿᶵ఍࡟࡞ࢀࡤࡼ࠸ே⏕ࡢ୰࡛ᙺ❧ࡘࡇ࡜ࢆࡶࡽࡗࡓ࡜࠸࠺ᛮ࠸࡟࡞ࡗ࡚࡯ࡋ࠸࡜ᛮࡗ࡚Ꮫ⩦ࢆ⥆ࡅ࡞ࡀࡽ᪥ࠎࡢ᥼ຓࢆ⾜ࡗࡓ࠙➨ϯᮇࠚṇ┳ㆤᖌࡢ㐨ࢆ┠ᣦࡋ࡚෌ຮᙉ࡟ᣮᡓࡍࡿ᫬ᮇ⮫ᗋ⤒㦂ࢆ㔜ࡡ࡚ࡶࠕࡇࢇ࡞⮬ศ࡛࠸࠸ࡢ࠿࡞ࠖ࡜ᝎࢇ࡛࠸ࡓ᫬࡟ṇ┳ㆤᖌ࡬ࡢ㐍Ꮫࢥ࣮ࢫࡀ࡛ࡁࡓ࡜࠸࠺᝟ሗࢆ▱ࡗ࡚ཷ㦂ㄡ࡟ࡶ㐲៖ࡏࡎຮᙉ࡛ࡁࡿ႐ࡧ࡜ࢃࡃࢃࡃࡍࡿᏛࡧ࡬ࡢᛮ࠸࡟‶ࡓࡉࢀ࡞ࡀࡽྠᚿࡢ௰㛫ࡢᏑᅾᐙ᪘ࡢᐜㄆ⫋ሙࡢ⌮ゎ࡟ᨭ࠼ࡽࢀࣔࢳ࣮࣋ࢩࣙࣥࢆ⥔ᣢࡍࡿ᫬ᮇ࡛࠶ࡿࡇࡢ㐣⛬࡛ఱ࡛ࡶయ㦂ࡋ࡚ࡳࡿ࡜ࡑࡢయ㦂ࡀᚋ࡟άࡁࡿࡇ࡜ࢆ③ឤࡋ࡚࠸ࡿ᪥ᮏ࡛㸱ᰯࡢ㐍Ꮫࢥ࣮ࢫࡀ࡛ࡁࡿ࡜࠸࠺ࡇ࡜ࢆ▱ࡗࡓ෸┳ㆤᖌ࡜ࡋ࡚⤒㦂ᖺᩘࡀ⤒ࡘࡢ࡟࢚ࣅࢹࣥࢫࡀ࡞࠸ࡲࡲ࡟௙஦ࢆࡋ࡚࠸ࡿ⮬ศࡀ࠸ࡿࡇ࡜࡟Ẽ࡙ࡁࡇࢇ࡞⮬ศ࡛࠸࠸ࡢ࠿࡞࡜⪃࠼ࡿࡼ࠺࡟࡞ࡗ࡚࠸ࡓᜥᏊࡀ┳ㆤᏛᰯ࡟ධࡗࡓࡢ࡛⚾ࡔࡗ࡚ධࢀࡿ⚾ࡣᐇ㊶ࢆࡋ࡚ࡁ࡚࠸ࡿࡢࡔ࠿ࡽ࡜ᛮࡗࡓࡇ࡜ࡶᙳ㡪ࡋ࡚࠸ࡿ࡜ᛮ࠺ ேࡢཷ㦂⪅ࡢ୰࡛ ேࡢ୰࡟ධࡗࡓᎰࡋࡃ࡚Ꮀࡋࡃ࡚ㄡ࡟ࡶ㐲៖ࡋ࡞࠸࡛ຮᙉ࡛ࡁࡿ࡜࠸࠺႐ࡧ୍࡛ᮼࡔࡗࡓ⫋ሙࡢୖྖࡀࠕࢫࢡ࣮ࣜࣥࢢࡣ◊ಟ࡛ฟࡋ࡚࠶ࡆࡿ࠿ࡽ㡹ᙇࡗ࡚ࠖ࡜ゝࡗ࡚ࡃࢀࡇࢇ࡞࡟ࡋ࡚⾜ࡅࡿ࡞ࡽࡤࡶࡗ࡜ຮᙉࡍࡿࡇ࡜ࡀ࡛ࡁࡿ࡜ᛮ࠸࡜࡚ࡶᎰࡋ࠿ࡗࡓᏛࡧࡢ㐣⛬࡛ࡣ⮬ศࡀぢࡼ࠺ぢࡲࡡ࡛ᐇ㊶ࡋ࡚࠸ࡓࡇ࡜࡟ࡇࢇ࡞᰿ᣐࡀ࠶ࡿࢇࡔ࡞࡜ᛮࡗࡓఱ࡛ࡶయ㦂࡛ࡁࡿ᫬࡟ࡸࡗ࡚ࡳࡿࡇ࡜ࡀ኱ษࡔ࡞⮬ศࡢ୰࡛ࡣάࡁࡿ࡜ᛮࡗ࡚࠸࡞࠸య㦂࡛ࡶᚋ࡛άࡁࡿࡢࡔ࡜ᛮࡗࡓࡑࡋ࡚ఱࡼࡾ⮬⏤࡟ຮᙉ࡛ࡁࡿࡇ࡜ࡢᖾࡏᐙ᪘ࡢᐜㄆ⫋ሙࡢ㓄៖ࡀ࠶ࡗࡓࡢ࡛Ꮫ⩦࡟ᑐࡍࡿࣔࢳ࣮࣋ࢩࣙࣥࡣ࠶ࡀࡗࡓࡇࡢᖺ࡟࡞ࡗ࡚Ꮫ࡭ࡓࡇ࡜ࡣ㈈⏘ࢆ↓ᩱ࡛࠸ࡓࡔ࠸ࡓࡼ࠺࡞ẼᣢࡕᏛࡪᶵ఍ࡣ⮬ศࡢᏛࡧࡓ࠸61⇍⦎┳ㆤᖌࡢࣛ࢖ࣇࣄࢫࢺ࣮ࣜ࡟࠾ࡅࡿᏛ⩦ពḧࢆಖᣢࡍࡿ㐣⛬࡜࠸࠺ᛮ࠸ࡀ࠶ࢀࡤᚲࡎࢳࣕࣥࢫࡀ᮶ࡿࡸࢀࡿ᫬ࡀࡑࡢ᫬ࡔ࡜ᛮ࠺ࢫࢡ࣮ࣜࣥࢢ୰ࡣ㣕⾜ᶵ࡛㏻ࡗࡓ኱Ꮫࡣ㐲᪉ࡔࡗࡓࡀ▱ࡿࡇ࡜ࡢᴦࡋࡳ࡛ࢃࡃࢃࡃࡋ࡚࠸࡚୍ᗘࡶⱞ③ࡔ࡜ᛮࡗࡓࡇ࡜ࡣ࡞࠿ࡗࡓ✵ ࡛௰㛫࡜ⴠࡕྜ࠸ຓࡅྜ࠸ບࡲࡋྜࡗ࡚ຮᙉࡋࡓ௒࡛ࡶࡑࡢ᫬ࡢ௰㛫࡜ࡣ஺ὶࢆ⥆ࡅ࡚࠸ࡿᐟἩඛࡢ࣍ࢸ࡛ࣝࡣຮᙉ⏝ࡢᮘࡸࢫࢱࣥࢻࢆ≉ู࡟⏝ពࡋ࡚ࡃࢀࡓᏛࡰ࠺࡜ࡍࡿேࢆࢧ࣏࣮ࢺࡋ࡚ࡃࢀࡿᆅᇦࡢேࡢᚰ㐵࠸ࡀᎰࡋ࠿ࡗࡓ༞ᴗᘧ࡟ࡣኵࡶཧຍࡋ࡚ࡃࢀඹ࡟႐ࡧࢆศ࠿ࡕྜ࠼࡚Ꮀࡋ࠿ࡗࡓ࠙➨ϰᮇࠚẕࡢ௓ㆤ⤒㦂࠿ࡽ⚟♴ࡢຮᙉ࡬࡜㐍ࡴ᫬ᮇ⮬ศࡢᏛࡧࢆ᭱኱㝈ᐙ᪘࡬㑏ඖࡋࡓ࠸࡜⪃࠼ᐇẕࡢ௓ㆤࢆ⾜࠺᫬ᮇ࡛࠶ࡿࡑࡢ㐣⛬࡛⢭⚄ಖ೺⚟♴ኈࡢᙺ๭ࡢ኱ษࡉ࡟Ẽ࡙ࡁຮᙉࢆጞࡵࡿ㏆࠸ᑗ᮶ࠕᆅᇦ࡛⏕άࡍࡿே࡬ࡢ᥼ຓ࡟ᙺ❧࡚ࡓ࠸ࠖ࡜ᛮࡗ࡚࠸ࡿ⮬ศࡀ⤒㦂ࡋ࡚ࡁࡓࡇ࡜ࡸᏛࢇ࡛ࡁࡓࡇ࡜ࢆᐙ᪘࡬᭱኱㝈㑏ඖࡋࡓ࠸࡜ᛮ࠺Ẽᣢࡕ࠿ࡽ㧗㱋ࡢẕࡢ௓ㆤࢆ⾜ࡗ࡚࠸ࡿࡑࡢ୰࡛⢭⚄ಖ೺⚟♴ኈ࡟኱ኚ࠾ୡヰ࡟࡞ࡗ࡚࠸ࡿẕࡢ௓ㆤࢆ㏻ࡋ࡚⢭⚄ಖ೺⚟♴ኈࡢᙺ๭ࡢ኱ษࡉ࡟Ẽ࡙ࡁ⚟♴࡟㛵ࡍࡿ▱㆑ࡀᚲせࡔ࡜ᛮࡗࡓࡢ࡛ࡑࡢ㈨᱁ࢆྲྀࡿࡓࡵࡢຮᙉࢆጞࡵࡓࡑࡋ࡚┳ㆤᖌ࡜ࡋ࡚ࡢ᥼ຓ࡟ຍ࠼࡚ᆅᇦ࡛⏕άࡍࡿே࡟ᑐࡍࡿ᥼ຓࡢ୰࡛௒ࡢᏛࡧࢆᙺ❧࡚࡚࠸ࡅࢀࡤ࠸࠸࡞࠶࡜ᛮ࠺⦕ࡀ࠶ࡗ࡚ࡇ࠺࠸࠺௙஦࡟ࡘ࠸ࡓࡢࡔ࠿ࡽ࡜⪃࠼࡚࠸ࡿ࠙➨ϱᮇࠚฟ఍࠺ேࡣⓙே⏕ࡢᖌ࡛↓㥏࡞⤒㦂ࡣ࡞࠸࡜᣺ࡾ㏉ࡿ᫬ᮇฟ఍࠺ேࡣⓙே⏕ࡢᖌ࡛࠶ࡾࡇࡢேࡢⰋ࠸࡜ࡇࢁࢆᏛࡧ࡜ࡾࡓ࠸࡜࠸࠺Ẽᣢࡕࡀ๓࡟㐍ࡴ࢚ࢿࣝࢠ࣮࡟࡞ࡗ࡚࠸ࡿࡇ࡜⮬ศࡀ⤒㦂ࡋࡓࡇ࡜ࡣᚲࡎᙺ❧ࡕ↓㥏࡞⤒㦂ࡣ࡞࠸࡜ᛮࡗ࡚࠸ࡿ᫬ᮇ࡛࠶ࡿࡲࡓࡇࡢ◊✲࡟ཧຍࡍࡿࡇ࡜࡟ࡼࡾ͆ㄒࡾ͇ࢆ㏻ࡋ࡚⮬ศ⮬㌟ࡢே⏕ࢆ᣺ࡾ㏉ࡿࡇ࡜ࡀ࡛ࡁࡓࡇ࡜ࡶᏛࡧ࡟ࡘ࡞ࡀࡗࡓ࡜⪃࠼࡚࠸ࡿ༝ᒅ࡟࡞ࡗ࡚࠸ࡿࢃࡅ࡛ࡣ࡞࠸ࡅࢀ࡝⚾࡟࡜ࡗ࡚ฟ఍࠺ேࡣⓙே⏕ࡢᖌࡔ࡜ᛮ࠺⮬ศࡼࡾࡣㄡࡶࡀ೧ࡃぢ࠼࡚ࡋࡲ࠺࠿ࡽࠕேᡃࡼࡾⓙ೧ࡃぢ࠼ࡿࠖ㸦ၝᮌ㸧࡜࠸࠺ឤࡌࡑࡋ࡚ࡑࢀࡀ⮬ศࡀ๓࡟㐍ࡴ࢚ࢿࣝࢠ࣮࡟ࡶ࡞ࡗ࡚࠸ࡿࡇࡢ
ேࡢ࠸࠸࡜ࡇࢁࢆᏛࡧ࡜ࡾࡓ࠸࡞࠶⮬ศ࡟㊊ࡾ࡞࠸ࡶࡢࡀࡇࡢே࡟ࡣ୍ᮼ࠶ࡿ࠿ࡽ࡜ឤࡌࡿࡢࡀඖࡔ࡜ᛮ࠺⚾ࡢே⏕ࡗ࡚അ↛ࡢே⏕ࡳࡓ࠸അ↛ฟ఍ࡗ࡚അ↛ࡑࡕࡽࡢ᪉࡟⾜ࡗ࡚࠸ࡿ62

Journal of Quality Education Vol. 5ὶࡉࢀࡓே⏕࡜ࡣᛮࢃ࡞࠸ࡅࢀ࡝ఱ࠿┠࡟ぢ࠼࡞࠸ࡶࡢ࡟ື࠿ࡉࢀ࡚࠸ࡿࡼ࠺࡞
ẼࡀࡍࡿᏛࡪࡇ࡜࡟ᑐࡋ࡚ࡣ㈎ḧ࡛ࡍ຾ᡭ࡟┐ࢇࡌࡷ࠺࡜࠿᭱⤊ⓗ࡟ࡣኻᩋࡋࡓࡇ࡜ࡶ⮬ศ࡛⤒㦂ࡋࡓࡇ࡜ࡣᚲࡎ࡝ࡇ࠿࡛ᙺ࡟❧ࡘ↓㥏࡞ࡇ࡜ࡗ࡚࡞࠸ࡼ࠺࡟ᛮ࠺ࡢࡡࡇࡢ◊✲࡟ཧຍࡋࡓࡇ࡜ࡶࡑࢀࢆࡁࡗ࠿ࡅ࡟ࡋ࡚⮬ศ⮬㌟ࡢே
⏕ࢆ᣺ࡾ㏉ࡿࡇ࡜ࡀ࡛ࡁࡓࡢ࡛࡜࡚ࡶࡼ࠿ࡗࡓ࡜ᛮ࠺㻣䠊⪃ᐹ㻌$ Ặࡣ⮬ศࢆྲྀࡾᕳࡃ⏕ά⎔ቃࡢኚ໬ࢆ࠶ࡾࡢࡲࡲ࡟ཷࡅධࢀࡑࡢኚ໬࡟ᛂࡌ࡚Ꮫ⩦ࡍࡿศ㔝ࡸ┠ᶆࢆኚ࠼࡞ࡀࡽᏛ⩦ពḧࢆಖᣢࡋ๓ྥࡁ࡟Ꮫࡧ⥆ࡅࡼ࠺࡜ࡋ࡚࠸ࡓࡑࡢ㐣⛬࡛␗࡞ࡿศ㔝ࡢᏛ⩦ࢆ࡝ࡢࡼ࠺࡟ά࠿ࡍ࠿࡜࠸࠺ⴱ⸨㸦ᑐ❧㸧ࢆᢪ࠼ࡿ㸳ࡘࡢᒁ㠃ࡀ࠶ࡾ୧⪅ࡀඹᏑ࡛ࡁࡿ㐨㸦ᑐ❧ⓗඹᏑ㸧ࢆ㑅ᢥࡍࡿࡇ࡜࡛Ꮫ⩦ពḧࢆಖᣢࡋ࡚࠸ࡓ㸳ࡘࡢᒁ㠃࡜ $ Ặࡢࣛ࢖ࣇࣄࢫࢺ࣮ࣜ࡟࠾ࡅࡿ➨Ϩᮇ࠿ࡽ➨ϱᮇ࡜ࡢ㛵ಀࡣ௨ୗࡢ㏻ࡾ࡛࠶ࡿᒁ㠃㸯ࡣ$ Ặࡢࣛ࢖ࣇࣄࢫࢺ࣮ࣜࡢ➨Ϩ࣭ϩᮇ࡟ᙜࡓࡾാࡁ࡞ࡀࡽ  ᖺ㛫Ꮫ࡭ࡿᶵ఍ࢆᚅࡕ⮬ศࡢࡸࡾࡓ࠸ຮᙉࢆጞࡵࡿࡇ࡜ࡀ࡛ࡁࡓ᫬ᮇ࡛࠶ࡿⓒ⛉஦඾࠿ࡽᏛࢇࡔ୍⯡ᩍ㣴࠿ࡽ┳ㆤ࡜࠸࠺ᑓ㛛ⓗ࡞Ꮫ⩦ࢆ㑅ᢥࡍࡿࡇ࡜࡛⮬ศࡢࡸࡾࡓ࠸Ꮫ⩦ෆᐜࡀ↔Ⅼ໬ࡉࢀពḧࢆᣢࡗ࡚Ꮫ⩦࡟ྲྀࡾ⤌ࡵࡓᒁ㠃࡛࠶ࡿᒁ㠃㸰ࡣ$ Ặࡢࣛ࢖ࣇࣄࢫࢺ࣮ࣜࡢ➨Ϫᮇ࡛㸰ࡘࡢ⫋ᴗேࢆ┠ᣦࡋ࡚Ꮫࢇࡔ᫬ᮇ࡛࠶ࡿ$ Ặࡣᒁ㠃㸯࡛෸┳ㆤᖌࡢᩍ⫱ࢆཷࡅ㈨᱁ࢆྲྀᚓࡍࡿࡀ
ࡑࡢ㐣⛬࡛ಖẕࡢᩍ⫱࡟ࡶ㨩ຊࢆឤࡌࡓࡑࡇ࡛ᗂ⛶ᅬᩍㅍ࣭ᑠᏛᰯᩍㅍࡢ㈨᱁ࡶྲྀᚓࡍࡿ࡭ࡃ኱Ꮫ࡛Ꮫࡪ┳ㆤ࡜ಖ⫱࡜࠸࠺␗࡞ࡿศ㔝ࡢᏛ⩦࡝ࡢࡼ࠺࡟ά࠿ࡍ࠿࡜࠸࠺ⴱ⸨ࡢ୰࡛༞ᴗᚋࡢ⫋ᴗ࡜ࡋ࡚ࡣಖ⫱ࢆ㑅ᢥࡋಖ⫱ࡢ୰࡟┳ㆤࡢᏛ⩦ࢆྲྀࡾධࢀࡓ⤫ྜᩍ⫱ࢆ⾜࠺ᒁ㠃࡛࠶ࡿᒁ㠃㸱ࡣ$ Ặࡢࣛ࢖ࣇࣄࢫࢺ࣮ࣜࡢ➨ϫ࣭Ϭᮇ࡛࠶ࡿᐙᗞࡢ஦᝟࠿ࡽ⫋ᴗ࡜ࡋ࡚┳ㆤࢆ㑅ᢥࡍࡿࡑࡋ࡚┳ㆤࡢ୰࡛ಖ⫱ࡢᏛ⩦ࢆά࠿ࡋࡓ㡢ᴦ⒪ἲࡸࣞࢡ࢚࣮ࣜࢩࣙࣥࢆྲྀࡾධࢀࡓ᥼ຓࢆ⾜࠺ᒁ㠃࡛࠶ࡿᒁ㠃㸲ࡣ$ Ặࡢࣛ࢖ࣇࣄࢫࢺ࣮ࣜࡢ➨ϭ࣭Ϯ࣭ϯᮇ࡛࠶ࡿ໅ົ␗ື࡟ࡼ
ࡾ୍⯡ⓗ࡞┳ㆤ࠿ࡽ⢭⚄⛉┳ㆤ࡜࠸࠺ᑓ㛛ศ㔝ࡢ┳ㆤࢆᏛ⩦ࡋ࡞ࡅࢀࡤ࡞ࡽ࡞࠸❧ሙ࡟❧ࡓࡉࢀ㸪᪂ࡓ࡟Ꮫࡪᚲせᛶࡀ⏕ࡌࡿ㸬⢭⚄⛉┳ㆤࡢᏛࡧ㸦667
࡞࡝㸧ࢆ㏻ࡋ࡚ࡇࢀࡲ࡛ࡢ┳ㆤࢆ᣺ࡾ㏉ࡾ㌟㏆࡞ᣦᑟ⪅࡟ᨭ࠼ࡽࢀ࡚┳ㆤ◊✲࡟ᣮᡓࡋࡓࡾṇ┳ㆤᖌࢆ┠ᣦࡋ࡚㐍Ꮫࡍࡿᒁ㠃࡛࠶ࡿᒁ㠃㸳ࡣ$ Ặࡢࣛ࢖ࣇࣄࢫࢺ࣮ࣜࡢ➨ϰ࣭ϱᮇ࡛࠶ࡿ┳ㆤࡢ୰࡟♫఍⚟♴ࡢ▱㆑ࡀᚲせ࡛࠶ࡿࡇ࡜࡟Ẽ࡙ࡁ᪂ࡓ࡟⢭⚄ಖ೺⚟♴ኈࡢ㈨᱁ྲྀᚓ࡟ྥࡅ
63⇍⦎┳ㆤᖌࡢࣛ࢖ࣇࣄࢫࢺ࣮ࣜ࡟࠾ࡅࡿᏛ⩦ពḧࢆಖᣢࡍࡿ㐣⛬ࡓᏛ⩦ࢆጞࡵฟ఍࠺ேࢆⓙே⏕ࡢᖌ࡜⪃࠼࡚Ꮫࡧ⥆ࡅࡿᒁ㠃࡛࠶ࡿࡇࢀࡽࡢ㛵ಀࢆᵓ㐀໬ࡋ࡚ࡳࡿ࡜ᅗ㸯ࡢࡼ࠺࡟࡞ࡿࡘࡲࡾ$ Ặࡢࣛ࢖ࣇࣄࢫࢺ࣮ࣜ࡟࠾࠸࡚ࡣࠊ␗࡞ࡿศ㔝ࡢᏛ⩦ࢆᏛࡧࡓ࠸࡜࠸࠺ $ Ặࡢㄆ㆑ෆ㒊ࡢⴱ⸨ࡀ⏕ࡌ࡚࠸ࡿ㸳ࡘࡢᒁ㠃ࡀㄆࡵࡽࢀࡓྛᒁ㠃࡛㸪ࡑࢀࡽࡢⴱ⸨࡟ᢡࡾྜ࠸ࢆࡘࡅࡿࡇ࡜ࡀ࡛ࡁࡿࡼ࠺࡞⫋ᴗࡸ⤒㦂ࢆ㑅ᢥࡍࡿࡇ࡜࡟ࡼࡾࡉࡽ࡟㧗ḟࡢㄆ㆑࡟Ⓨᒎࡍࡿ㐣⛬ࢆ⧞ࡾ㏉ࡋᏛ⩦ពḧࢆಖᣢࡋ࡚࠸ࡿࡇ࡜ࡀ᫂ࡽ࠿࡟࡞ࡗࡓࡲࡓ㸪$ ẶࡢᏛ⩦㐣⛬ࡣᏛ⩦ࡋࡓ⤒㦂ࡢᮏ㉁ࢆ⌮ゎࡍࡿࡓࡵࡢෆᅾ໬ࡢࣉࣟࢭࢫ࡜ࡑࡢᏛ⩦⤒㦂ࡢᮏ㉁࠿ࡽ᪂ࡓ࡟య㦂ࡍࡿ⌧㇟ࢆ⌮ゎࡍࡿࡓࡵࡢእᅾ໬ࡢࣉࣟࢭࢫࡀᚠ⎔ࡋ࡚࠸ࡓ㸬ࡇࡢᏛ⩦⤒㦂ࡢᮏ㉁ࢆ⌮ゎࡍࡿࡓࡵࡢෆᅾ໬ࡢࣉࣟࢭࢫࡣࣜࣇࣞࢡࢩࣙࣥࡢᴫᛕ࡛࠶ࡿࠕ⾜Ⅽࡢ୰ࡢ┬ᐹࠖ㸦᳥ᒣ㸧࡛࠶ࡿ࡜⪃࠼ࡽࢀࡿࡉࡽ࡟ࡑࡢᏛ⩦㐣⛬࡟࠾࠸࡚$ Ặࡢㄆ㆑ࡣࠕ┳ㆤࡗ࡚ࢺ࣮ࢱࣝ࡞ࡶࡢࠖࠕኻᩋࡋࡓࡇ࡜ࡶ⮬ศ࡛⤒㦂ࡋࡓࡇ࡜ࡣᚲࡎ࡝ࡇ࠿࡛ᙺ❧ࡘࠖ࡞࡝Ⓨᒎࡋ࡚࠸ࡓࡇࢀࡣ␗࡞ࡿㄆ㆑ࡀᑐ❧ⓗ࡟ඹᏑࡍࡿࡇ࡜࡟ࡼࡿㄆ㆑ࡢⓎᒎ㸦ᮧ℩㸧࡜ᤊ࠼ࡽࢀࡿࡲࡓࡇࢀࡣⷧ஭㸦᳥ᒣ㸹ⷧ஭㸧ࡀ
ࠕᐇ㊶⪅࡛࠶ࡿᑓ㛛ᐙ࡜ࡋ࡚ࡢ┳ㆤ⫋ࡢᏛ⩦ࡣ⮬ࡽࡢ≧ἣ࡜ࡢ┬ᐹⓗ࡞ᑐヰ⬟ຊ࡛࠶ࡿㄆ㆑⬟ຊࢆ㘫࠼ࡿࡇ࡜ࠖ࡜㏙࡭࡚࠸ࡿࡇ࡜࡜ྠᆺ࡛࠶ࡿ࡜⪃࠼ࡽࢀࡿࠋ
ࡇࡢࡼ࠺࡞┳ㆤᖌࡢㄆ㆑ࡢⓎᒎ㐣⛬ࡣ⑓Ẽࢆᣢࡘேࡀ⑓ࢆཷࡅධࢀ⑓ࡢ⤒㦂ࡢព࿡ࢆෆᅾ໬ࡋ᪂ࡓ࡞ே⏕ࢆᥥࡃࡇ࡜࡛⑓࠿ࡽᅇ᚟ࡍࡿ㐣⛬࡜ྠᆺ࡛࠶ࡿ㸦ᮧ℩㸧㸬ࡲࡓ㸪Ꮫᰯᩍ⫱࡟࠾࠸࡚ࡶ㸪Ꮫ⩦ࡣ␗࡞ࡿᏛ⩦⤒㦂ࡢෆᅾ໬࡜ࡑࡢෆᅾ໬ࡋࡓ⤒㦂ࢆḟࡢᏛ⩦࡛ά࠿ࡍ࡜࠸࠺እᅾ
໬ࡢࣉࣟࢭࢫࢆ⧞ࡾ㏉ࡋ࡚࠸ࡿࡇ࡜࠿ࡽྠᆺ࡛࠶ࡿ࡜⪃࠼ࡽࢀࡿ㸦ࣦ࢙࢜ࣜࣜ࢜㸧ࡉࡽ࡟ࡇࡢ㐣⛬ࡣே㢮ࡢཿᬛࡢṔྐ࡛࠶ࡿ⛉ᏛྐࡢⓎᒎ㐣⛬㸦ࣆ࢔ࢪ࢙࣭࢞ࣝࢩ࢔㸧࡜ࡶྠᆺ࡛࠶ࡿ࡜⪃࠼ࡽࢀࡿ

64

Journal of Quality Education Vol. 5ᅗ㸯 $ ẶࡢᏛࡧࡢ㐣⛬ࡲࡓࠕ⮬ᕫ࣭㠀⮬ᕫᚠ⎔⌮ㄽࠖࡢどⅬ࠿ࡽ$ Ặࡢࣛ࢖ࣇࣄࢫࢺ࣮ࣜ࡟࠾ࡅࡿᏛ⩦㐣⛬ࢆᵓ㐀໬ࡋ࡚ࡳࡿ࡜ᅗ㸰ࡢࡼ࠺࡟Ꮫ⩦㐣⛬ࢆ⼺᪕ᆺ࡜ࡋ࡚ᥥࡃࡇ࡜ࡀ࡛ࡁࡿࡇࡢᅗࡣᅗ㸯ࢆ  ᗘᅇ㌿ࡋࡓࡶࡢ࡛࠶ࡿ$ ẶࡢᏛ⩦ពḧࢆ㥑ືࡍࡿ࢚ࢿࣝࢠ࣮ࡣࠕฟ఍࠺ேࢆⓙே⏕ࡢᖌࠖ࡜⪃࠼ࡑࡢே࠿ࡽᏛࡧ࡜ࡾࡓ࠸࡜࠸࠺Ẽᣢࡕ࡛࠶ࡾே⏕ࡢὶࢀ࡟㏫ࡽࢃࡎഅ↛ࡢయ㦂㸦ே࡜ࡢฟ఍࠸ࢆྵࡴ㸧ࢆ୍᪦እᅾ໬ࡋࠕ⮬⏤࡟Ꮫ࡭ࡿᖾࡏࠖࢆឤࡌ࡚ࡑࡢᏛࡧࢆෆᅾ໬ࡍࡿࡇ࡜࡛࠶ࡗࡓࡑࡋ࡚ࡉࡽ࡟ෆᅾ໬ࡋࡓᏛࡧࢆ⤒㦂࡜ࡋ࡚ḟࡢእᅾࡋ࡚࠸ࡿᏛࡧࡢᶵ఍࡟ࢳࣕࣞࣥࢪࡍࡿࡇ࡜ࢆ⧞ࡾ㏉ࡋ࡚࠸ࡓࡇࡢ㐣⛬ࡣࠕෆࠖ㸦⮬ᕫ㸧࡜ࠕእࠖ㸦㠀⮬ᕫ㸧ࡢᚠ⎔㐣⛬࡜ࡋ࡚ᤊ࠼ࡽࢀࡿࡇࡢࠕ⮬⏤࡟Ꮫ࡭ࡿᖾࡏࠖࡀ⼺᪕ᆺᏛ⩦ࡢ୰ᚰ㌶㐨࡛࠶ࡾ㸪Ꮫ⩦ពḧࢆಖᣢࡍࡿ࢚ࢿࣝࢠ࣮࡛࠶ࡿ࡜⪃࠼ࡽࢀࡓࡲࡓ㸿Ặࡢ  ᖺ㛫ࡢࣛ࢖ࣇࣄࢫࢺ࣮ࣜ࡟࠾࠸࡚ᖖ࡟Ꮫ⩦ពḧࢆᨭ࠼ࡓࡢࡣ௰㛫ࡢᏑᅾᐙ᪘ࡢᐜㄆ⫋ሙࡢ⌮ゎ࡛࠶ࡿ࡜ᤊ࠼ࡽࢀࡓ

65⇍⦎┳ㆤᖌࡢࣛ࢖ࣇࣄࢫࢺ࣮ࣜ࡟࠾ࡅࡿᏛ⩦ពḧࢆಖᣢࡍࡿ㐣⛬ᅗ㸰 $ ẶࡢᏛࡧࡢ㐣⛬ࡇࡢࡼ࠺࡟$ Ặ࡟࠾ࡅࡿᏛ⩦ពḧࢆಖᣢࡍࡿ㐣⛬ࡢᮏ㉁ࡣࠕ⮬ᕫ࣭㠀⮬ᕫᚠ⎔⌮ㄽࠖࡢどⅬ࠿ࡽᤊ࠼࡚ࡳࡿ࡜ࠕ⮬ᕫࠖ࡜ࠕ㠀⮬ᕫࠖࡀ⼺᪕ࢆᥥࡁ࡞ࡀࡽᚠ⎔ࡋྛᒁ㠃࡛ᑐ❧ࡍࡿ␗࡞ࡿศ㔝ࡢᏛ⩦ࡸ᪂ࡓ࡞Ꮫ⩦⤒㦂࡟ࡼࡗ࡚⏕ࡌࡓㄆ㆑ෆ㒊ࡢⴱ⸨ࢆඹᏑࡉࡏࡿ᪉ྥ࡛⤫ྜࡋ࡞ࡀࡽ㐍ࡴ㐣⛬࡛࠶ࡿ࡜ᤊ࠼ࡿࡇ࡜ࡀ࡛ࡁࡓ㻤䠊⤖ㄽ㻌$ Ặࡢ  ᖺ㛫ࡢࣛ࢖ࣇࣄࢫࢺ࣮ࣜ࡟࠾ࡅࡿ⥅⥆ⓗ࡞Ꮫ⩦ពḧࢆಖᣢࡍࡿ㐣⛬ࡣࠕ⮬ᕫ࣭㠀⮬ᕫᚠ⎔⌮ㄽࠖࡢどⅬ࠿ࡽᤊ࠼࡚ࡳࡿ࡜ே⏕ࡢὶࢀࡢ୰࡛ࠕ⮬ᕫࠖ࡜ࠕ㠀⮬ᕫࠖࡀ⼺᪕ࢆᥥࡁ࡞ࡀࡽᚠ⎔ࡍࡿ㐣⛬࡜ࡋ࡚⌮ゎࡍࡿࡇ࡜ࡀ࡛ࡁࡓࡑࡋ࡚ࡑࡢ୰ᚰ࡜࡞ࡿ㌶㐨ࡣࠕ⮬⏤࡟Ꮫ࡭ࡿᖾࡏ࡛ࠖ࠶ࡾࡑࡢ㐣⛬ࢆᨭ࠼ࡿࡢࡣ௰㛫ࡢᏑᅾᐙ᪘ࡢᐜㄆ⫋ሙࡢ⌮ゎ࡛࠶ࡿ࡜ᤊ࠼ࡽࢀࡓࡲࡓ$ Ặࡣࣛ࢖ࣇࣄࢫࢺ࣮ࣜ࡟࠾ࡅࡿᏛࡧࡢࢱ࣮ࢽࣥࢢ࣏࢖ࣥࢺ࡜࡞ࡿྛᒁ㠃࡛␗࡞ࡿᏛ⩦⤒㦂㸦Ꮫࢇࡔ⤒㦂ࡸᏛࡪ㐣⛬㸧ࢆ࡝ࡢࡼ࠺࡟ά࠿ࡍ࠿࡜࠸࠺ⴱ⸨ࢆᢪ࠼ࡑࡢゎỴ࡜ࡋ࡚୧⪅ࡢᏛ⩦⤒㦂ࢆඹᏑࡉࡏࡿ㐨ࢆ㑅ᢥࡍࡿ
66

Journal of Quality Education Vol. 5ࡇ࡜࡟ࡼࡾᏛ⩦ពḧࢆಖᣢࡋ⤫ྜⓗ࡟Ꮫࡧ⥆ࡅ࡚࠸ࡿࡇ࡜ࡀ᫂ࡽ࠿࡟࡞ࡾࡑࡢ㐣⛬࡛ $ Ặࡢㄆ㆑ࡀⓎᒎࡋ࡚࠸ࡓᮏ◊✲ࡣ୍஦౛ࢆᑐ㇟࡜ࡋࡓ◊✲࡛࠶ࡿࡀ┳ㆤᏛࡔࡅ࡛࡞ࡃᩍ⫱Ꮫ࡟࠾࠸࡚ࡶᡂேᏛ⩦㸦࣓ࣜ࢔࣒㸧ࡢ⌮ㄽ⏕ᡂ࡟ࡘ࡞ࡀࡿᐇ㊶౛࡛࠶ࡿ࡜⪃࠼ࡽࢀࡿ㸿Ặࡢࡼ࠺࡟⏕ᾭ࡟ࢃࡓࡗ࡚⮬ᕫ◊㛑ࢆ㔜ࡡ࡞ࡀࡽ⥅⥆ⓗ࡟Ꮫࡧ⥆ࡅ࢟ࣕࣜ࢔࢔ࢵࣉࡍࡿ┳ㆤᖌࢆ⫱ᡂࡍࡿࡓࡵࡢᩍ⫱ⓗ⎔ቃࢆᩚ࠼ࡿࡇ࡜ࡸ㸦᳃ᮏ࣭㕥ᮌ࣭ฑ࣭࿴⏣࣭኱⣡࣭㏆⏣㸹຾ཎ㸹ࢩࣕ࢖ࣥ㸹㔠஭㸧Ꮫ⩦⪅ಶேࡀ⨨࠿ࢀࡓᩥ໬ⓗ≧ἣࡸ⏕ά⎔ቃ࡜ษࡾ㞳ࡉࡎ࡟஦౛◊✲ࢆ✚ࡳ㔜ࡡࡿࡇ࡜ࡣ௒ᚋࡢ┳ㆤᩍ⫱࡟࠾ࡅࡿㄢ㢟࡛࠶ࡿ

㻥䠊ㅰ㎡㻌࠾ᛁࡋ࠸୰ࢆ, ᮏ◊✲࡟ࡈ༠ຊ࠸ࡓࡔ࠸ࡓ㛵ಀㅖᶵ㛵ࡢⓙᵝ,ຬẼࢆࡶࡗ

࡚㈗㔜࡞య㦂ࢆㄒࡗ࡚ୗࡉࡗࡓ A Ặ࡟῝ࡃឤㅰ⮴ࡋࡲࡍ.
ཧ ⪃ ᩥ ⊩࣋ࢼ࣮3  㸭஭㒊ಇᏊ┘ヂ㸸࣋ࢼ࣮┳ㆤㄽ ᪂ヂ∧ ึᚰ⪅࠿ࡽ㐩ே࡬ᮾி㸸་Ꮫ᭩㝔  ࣋ࢼ࣮3ࢧࢵࢺࣇ࢙ࣥ0ࣞ࢜ࢼ࣮ࢻ9 ࢹ࢖5  㸭᪩㔝=,72 ┿బᏊヂ㸸࣋ࢼ࣮ ࠕࢼ࣮ࢫࢆ⫱࡚ࡿࠖᮾி㸸་Ꮫ᭩㝔  ࣂ࣮ࣥࢬ6 ࣂ࣐ࣝࣥ&⦅  㸭⏣ᮧ⏤⨾㸪୰⏣ᗣኵ㸪ὠ⏣⣖Ꮚ┘ヂ㸸┳ㆤ࡟࠾ࡅࡿ཯┬ⓗᐇ㊶㸫ᑓ㛛ⓗࣉࣛࢡࢸ࢕ࢩࣙࢼ࣮ࡢᡂ㛗㸪ࡺࡳࡿฟ∧㸦㸧ᮾࡵࡄࡳ㸸┳ㆤࣜࣇࣞࢡࢩࣙࣥධ㛛㸪ࣛ࢖ࣇࢧ࣏࣮ࢺ♫㸦㸧ᮏ⏣ከ⨾ᯞ㸸┳ㆤ࡟࠾ࡅࡿࠕࣜࣇࣞࢡࢩࣙࣥ㸦UHIOHFWLRQ㸧ࠖ࡟㛵ࡍࡿᩥ⊩ⓗ⪃ᐹ4XDOLW\1XUVLQJ  㸦㸧ᮏ⏣ⰾ㤶ࠊᑠཎἨ㸸ࡀࢇ┳ㆤᐇ㊶⬟ຊࢆ⫱ᡂࡍࡿࡓࡵࡢࣜࣇࣞࢡࢩࣙࣥࣉࣟࢭࢫ⮬἞་⛉኱Ꮫ┳ㆤᏛࢪ࣮ࣕࢼࣝ  ᇼ஭†ᾉ㸸⢭⚄⛉࡟໅ົࡍࡿ┳ㆤᖌࡢࣜࣇࣞࢡࢩࣙࣥࡢࣉࣟࢭࢫ࡟㛵ࡍࡿ◊✲᪥ᮏ㉥༑Ꮠ┳ㆤ኱Ꮫ⣖せ  ụすᝋᏊࠊ⏣ᮧ⏤⨾ࠊ▼ᕝ㞝୍㸸⮫ᗋ┳ㆤᖌࡢࣜࣇࣞࢡࢩࣙࣥࡢせ⣲࡜ᵓ㐀㸫ࢭࣥࢫ࣓࢖࢟ࣥࢢ⌮ㄽ࡟ࡶ࡜࡙࠸ࡓ࣐͂࢖ࢡ࣓ࣟࣔࣥࢺ࣭ࢱ࢖࣒ࣛ࢖ࣥ࢖67⇍⦎┳ㆤᖌࡢࣛ࢖ࣇࣄࢫࢺ࣮ࣜ࡟࠾ࡅࡿᏛ⩦ពḧࢆಖᣢࡍࡿ㐣⛬ࣥࢱࣅ࣮ࣗἲ̓ࡢά⏝㸫⚄ᡞ኱Ꮫಖ೺Ꮫ⛉⣖せ  㔠஭ኖᏹ㸸ാࡃࡦ࡜ࡢࡓࡵࡢ࢟ࣕࣜ࢔࣭ࢹࢨ࢖ࣥ3+3 ᪂᭩ᮾி㸸ᰴᘧ఍♫
3+3 ◊✲ᡤ㸦㸧຾ཎ⿱⨾Ꮚ㸸┳ㆤᖌࡢ࢟ࣕࣜ࢔ㄽࣛ࢖ࣇࢧ࣏࣮ࢺ♫㸦㸧ྂᇛᖾᏊ㸸ᑓ㛛ᩍ⫱ࢆཷࡅࡓ㧗㱋ዪᛶࡢࣛ࢖ࣇࣄࢫࢺ࣮ࣜ̿⏕άᵓ㐀ศᯒࢆ⏝࠸࡚̿᪂ぢබ❧▷ᮇ኱Ꮫ⣖せ㸦㸧࣓ࣜ࢔࣒6%⦅㸦㸧㸭❧⏣៞⿱ ᒾᓮஂ⨾Ꮚ 㔠⸨ࡩࡺᏊ Ⲷ㔝ு࿃ヂ㸸ᡂேᏛ⩦⌮ㄽࡢ᪂ࡋ࠸ືྥ ⬻ࡸ㌟య࡟ࡼࡿᏛ⩦࠿ࡽࢢ࣮ࣟࣂࣜࢮ࣮ࢩࣙࣥࡲ࡛ ᮾி㸸⚟ᮧฟ∧㸦㸧᳃ᮏᘺ⏕ࠊ㕥ᮌ㈗ୡ⨾ࠊฑ┾⣖Ꮚࠊ࿴⏣ຍ௦Ꮚࠊ኱⣡ᗤᏊࠊ㏆⏣ᩗᏊ㸸୰㧗ᖺ┳ㆤᖌࡢ⮬ᕫᡂ㛗࡟ᩍ⫱ⓗᶵ఍ࡀ୚࠼ࡿᙳ㡪᪥ᮏ┳ㆤᏛ఍ㄽᩥ㞟㸸┳ㆤ⟶⌮   ᮧ℩㞞ಇ㸸Ṕྐ࡜ࡋ࡚ࡢ⏕࿨ி㒔኱ᏛᏛ⾡ฟ∧఍㸦㸧ᮧ℩㞞ಇ㸸ࡇࡇࢁࡢ⪁໬࡜ࡋ࡚ࡢࠕศ⿣⑓ࠖ㸫๰㐀ᛶ࡜◚ቯᛶࡢ㉳※࡜㐍໬ㅮᗙࠗ⏕࿨࠘Ἑྜฟ∧㸦㸧ᮧ℩ᬛᏊ㸸㺀⮬ᕫ࣭㠀⮬ᕫᚠ⎔⌮ㄽ㺁ࢆᇶ┙࡜ࡋࡓ┳ㆤᏛ࡟࠾ࡅࡿ᪂⌮ㄽࡢᵓ⠏࡟ྥࡅ࡚㸦➨୍ሗ㸧༓ⴥ┳ㆤᏛ఍఍ㄅ  㸦㸧ᮧ℩ᬛᏊ㸸㺀⮬ᕫ࣭㠀⮬ᕫᚠ⎔⌮ㄽ㺁ࢆᇶ┙࡜ࡋࡓ࠺ࡘ⑓ࢆࡶࡘே࡟ᑐࡍࡿ┳ㆤ᥼ຓࣔࢹࣝࡢᵓ⠏㸦➨୍ሗ㸧㸫࠺ࡘ⑓ࢆࡶࡘேࡢㄆ㆑ࡢ≉ᚩ㸫㏆኱ጲ㊰኱Ꮫ⣖せ➨  ྕ㸦㸧ᮧ℩ᬛᏊ㸸㺀⮬ᕫ࣭㠀⮬ᕫᚠ⎔⌮ㄽ㺁ࢆᇶ┙࡜ࡋࡓ࠺ࡘ⑓ࢆࡶࡘே࡟ᑐࡍࡿ┳ㆤ᥼ຓࣔࢹࣝࡢᵓ⠏㸦➨஧ሗ㸧㸫࠺ࡘ⑓ࢆࡶࡘே࡟ᑐࡍࡿ┳ㆤ᥼ຓࡢᛶ㉁㸫㏆኱ጲ㊰኱Ꮫ⣖せ➨  ྕ㸦㸧ࣦ࢙࢜ࣜࣜ࢜$  㸭ᕝᮏⱥ᫂ヂ㸸࣓ࢱㄆ▱ⓗ࢔ࣉ࣮ࣟࢳ࡟ࡼࡿᏛࡪᢏ⾡኱㜰㸸๰ඖ♫㸦㸧ࣆ࢔ࢪ࢙- ࢞ࣝࢩ࢔5  㸭⸨㔝㑥ኵᯇཎᮃヂ㸸⢭⚄Ⓨ⏕࡜⛉Ꮫྐ▱ࡢᙧᡂ࡜⛉Ꮫྐࡢẚ㍑◊✲ᮾி㸸᪂ホㄽ㸦㸧ᱜ஭ཌ࣭ᑠᯘከᑑᏊ⦅ⴭ㸸ࣛ࢖ࣇࢫࢺ࣮࣮࣭ࣜ࢖ࣥࢱࣅ࣮ࣗ ㉁ⓗ◊✲ධ㛛ࡏࡾ࠿᭩ᡣ㸦㸧ࢩࣕ࢖ࣥ(+  㸭㔠஭ኖᏹヂ㸸࢟ࣕࣜ࢔࣭࢔࣮ࣥ࢝ ⮬ศࡢ࡯ࢇ࡜࠺ࡢ౯್ࢆⓎぢࡋࡼ࠺ᮾி㸸ⓑ᱈᭩ᡣ㸦㸧ᮡ㇂బஂⰋ㸸┳ㆤᖌࡢࣛ࢖ࣇࣄࢫࢺ࣮ࣜ࠿ࡽぢࡿࢥࣥࣆࢸࣥࢩ࣮ࡢ⋓ᚓ㐣⛬⚄ዉᕝ┴❧ಖ೺⚟♴኱Ꮫᐇ㊶ᩍ⫱ࢭࣥࢱ࣮┳ㆤᩍ⫱◊✲㞟㘓㸦㸧68

Journal of Quality Education Vol. 5᳥ᒣጤ㒔Ꮚ㸸஧ࡘࡢᐇ㊶ࡢㄆ㆑ㄽ࡟ࡼࡿ⏕ᾭᏛ⩦ࡢ᳨ウ㸸ⷧ஭ᆠᏊࠗ⛉Ꮫⓗㄆ㆑ㄽ࠘࡜ '$ࢩ࣮ࣙࣥࠗ┬ᐹⓗᐇ㊶࡜ࡣఱ࠿࠘ࢆࡵࡄࡗ࡚༓ⴥ┳ㆤᏛ఍఍ㄅ    ⏣୰⨾ᘏ㔛ᑠ㔝࣑ࢶᑠす⨾ᬛᏊ㸸ඛ㥑ⓗ࡞බ⾗⾨⏕άືࢆᒎ㛤ࡋࡓಖ೺ᖌࡢ࢟ࣕࣜ࢔Ⓨ㐩̿㞳ᓥࡢ⏫ࡢಖ೺ᖌࡢࣛ࢖ࣇࣄࢫࢺ࣮ࣜ࠿ࡽ̿ᗈᓥ኱Ꮫ኱Ꮫ㝔ಖ೺Ꮫࢪ࣮ࣕࢼࣝ  㸦㸧ୖ⏣ಟ௦㸸ᆅᇦ┳ㆤᐇ㊶࡟࠾ࡅࡿಖ೺ᖌࡢࣜࣇࣞࢡࢩࣙࣥࢆᵓᡂࡍࡿᴫᛕࡢゎ᫂༓ⴥ┳ㆤᏛ఍఍ㄅ  㸦㸧ⷧ஭ᆠᏊ㸸⛉Ꮫⓗ┳ㆤㄽ᪥ᮏ┳ㆤ༠఍ฟ∧఍  69