JSCE Newsletter

Japan Society of Civil Engineers
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Newsletter
No. 7 February 2002
signing of these agreements merely marks the
beginning of the relationships, and how theseexchanges and cooperating relationships take form,
and are developed, is the most important.
Deepening the friendship between members, andorganizing joint seminars in fields of common
interest are a few tasks lying ahead. It is
indispensable for us with a neutral standpoint toestablish a system under which we can actively
provide technological support to those Societies /Institutions in the developing countries. The
Taiwan, Korea, and U.K Sections of JSCE engage
in collecting and exchanging information as well asorganizing various events in coordination with the
JSCE Headquarters. They shall play a key role in
the JSCE international activities through their links
with the Agreement of Cooperation Societies /Institutions.
The English website has been greatly
improved and will be updated on a regular basis.
This shall become the main tool for disseminating
information worldwide. The new site contains a
Professional Registration system, Professional
Advisor Search function, and Technical Paper
Search function. Digital information will not justbe limited to introducing the JSCE activities
overseas, but can also assist domestic engineers towiden their appeals to the international community.
To increase overseas members, I aim to
consult with related divisions concerning theappropriate level of overseas membership fees,
distribution method of JSCE magazines, and torealize any possible improvements. Credit card
payments have newly become available foroverseas members. I strongly feel that there should
be some alluring factors for those who studied inJapanese universities to continue their membershipeven after they have returned to their homecountries. JSCE is holding a 50,000-member
campaign, but with less than 200 overseas
members at present, it is far from becoming“global.” Words shall no longer be considered as
barriers. Those days are now behind us. The word
“global” itself may even become out-of-date. Let
us envisage the ways in which to make the overall
activities of JSCE truly global.

Greetings from the New Chair ofInternational Activities Committee

Miki Chitoshi, Chair of IAC
Until last year, the International Activities
Committee (IAC) has been reviewing theinternationalization strategies of Japan Society of
Civil Engineers, and the roles of the International
Activities Committee. The result was compiled
into “JSCE 2000,” JSCE’s Reform Policy. They
can be summarized into four points:
1) correspondence with Agreement of Cooperation
Societies; strategies for internationalization
2) dissemination of scientific information; public
relations3) global integration of education, standards /qualifications4) global contribution; funding
Upon assuming my post as the Chair of
IAC, I would like to evaluate the activities to date,based on the above. In line with the changes in theinternational community, I intend to redevelop theinternational strategies to explore a more efficientand more practical means of activities. Also,
through united efforts with the Organization for
Promotion of Civil Engineering Technology(OPCET) which commenced its activities in 1999,
I am determined to draw up measures to revitalize
the international activities of JSCE.
JSCE presently holds Agreement of
Cooperation with 18 Societies / Institutions. The

No. 7, February 2002

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Cebu City, Nov. 29th -Dec. 1st on the theme“Harnessing Information Technology towards the
Academic of the Civil Engineering Profession.”
Prof. Hanamura of JSCE International Activities
Committee attended the event, and participated in
the international roundtable to discuss “Disaster
Preparedness.”

56th JSCE Annual Meeting
The 56th JSCE Annual Conference washeld Oct. 2 – 4 at Kumamoto University. Itfeatured annual academic lecture presentations(including 2 English sessions), Panel Discussion,
International Roundtable, and Special Lectures.
Participants included delegates from overseas
Agreement of Cooperation Societies / Institutions,and members of JSCE Korea and Taiwan Sections.
The 2nd International Section Meeting was also
held.

CICHE Annual Conference
Executive Director Mr. Furuki attended
the Chinese Institute of Civil & HydraulicEngineering (CICHE) Annual Conference held Dec.
7 – 8th in Taipei. The International Roundtable wasgiven on “Engineer’s Mobility” in which he took
part.

ASCE Annual Conference andExhibition

JSCE
Signs
Agreement
Cooperation with TCCE

JSCE concluded its 18th Agreement of
Cooperation with the Turkish Chamber of Civil
Engineers (TCCE) in October 2001. Both being acountry with many earthquakes, Turkey and Japan
have strengthened bilateral ties in dealing withsuch disasters. The Agreement aims to contributeto further development of such constructive
relationships.

The Kansai International Corporation
Exhibition Booth“The Houston 2001 Civil Engineering
Conference and Exposition” was held by American
Society of Civil Engineers (ASCE) from Oct.10th to13th in Texas, USA.
The Kansai International
Airport exhibited technologies for large-scale, swift
construction of airport islands on deep underwater
soft grounds. In addition to displays of working
craft models (hopper barge and sand piling barge),
it provided precise information through audio
visuals, panels, and pamphlets, in effort to publicize
the Kansai International Airport and the Kansai
region to the international community, and thereceipt of the Monument of the Millennium Award
as well. The booth attracted a total of over 500
visitors during the two-day exhibition, proving to bea big success.

JSCE’sThird
International
Section Founded in London

Founding of U.K. Section

The U.K. Section of JSCE was establishedin London on October 19, 2001.
The 3rdinternational section of JSCE following Taiwan
and Korea Sections, consists of 19 members.
President Tambo and Prof. Miki (Chair of IAC)
represented JSCE at the commemoration ceremony.
Mr. Sugiyama (Nishimatsu Construction Co., Ltd.,
London Branch Office) was elected as the 1st
President.
As many as 100 members and invitees
attended the inaugural reception that took place in
the Institute of Civil Engineers (ICE) building.
President Tambo and Mr. D. Oakervee (VicePresident of ICE) gave cordial greetings andexchanged memorial presents.

KSCE 50th Anniversary
President
Tambo
attendedtheInternational Symposium for the 50th Anniversaryof Korean Society of Civil Engineers (KSCE) held
Nov. 1 - 2 in Seoul. In regard to the International
Symposium on “Civil Engineering for theUnification Era of The Korean Peninsula in the 21stCentury,” President Tambo expressed Japan’s
willingness to provide support in the infrastructuredevelopment following the unification.

PICE 27th National Convention
Philippine Institute of Civil Engineers(PICE) 27th National Convention took place inNo. 7, February 2002of2

JSCE Newsletterfocus on understanding an environmental issue as asystem with people and society, or try to introduce
a system of social/environmental foundation.
Topics will include; principle of environment
system, environment ethics, environment planning,
structural analysis of environment, environment
dynamics, environment conservation, environment
evaluation,
regional
environment,
globalenvironment, environment and social system,
supporting
measures,regional
awareness,environmental education.”In the research field of atmosphericenvironment, interdisciplinary researches havebeensignificantly
expandedcombining
meteorology, geography, urban planning andbotanical physiology. In the aquatic environment
field, the following researches have been
preferably discussed recently: a) watershed systems,b) interdisciplinary research with landscape orenergy budget, c) application of the environmental
economy/policy, and d) independent selfcirculation systems. In the ecological researches,
the Proceeding of Environmental Systems
Research is unique with a wide variety of thesubjective field and species, with a good balance ofbasic science and restoration/rehabilitation
methodologies. In the global environment andclimate change issues, first-step researches havebeen conducted in these ten years including a)
GHG emission inventory, b) urban energy analysis
by LCA, c) household accounting book on CO2
and energy, d) regional planning, e) coastal impactsof sea level rise, f) Chinese food/water balance, g)international relations of environmental resources,h) GCM global climate prediction models, and i)
combined models of global warming. Policy
discussions and proposals for prevention andadaptation are to be stimulated next. In the fieldof environmental policy and philosophy,
convergence from and diversion to the neighboring
disciplines have been intentionally repeated.
Innovation of environmental management and/or
planning with new social objectives is to be
proposed through the in-depth investigations ofvalue/meaning/principle of environment. Basicprinciples will include finiteness, sustainability,
uncertainty, circulation, and capacity.
Hearing survey suggested the expansionof the Committee’s future activities into the fieldsof “urban environment, risk management,
environment policy, environmental economics andethics/philosophy” through holistic approaches.

After 30 Years –Active Historyof Committee on Environmental
Systems in JSCE –More than thirty years have passed since
the present “Committee on Environmental
Systems” started as a small “Subcommittee on
Environment Issues” under the “Committee on
Sanitary Engineering” in 1970.
This
Subcommittee actively held “Annual Symposium
on Environmental Issues” since 1973 followed by“Annual Symposium on Environmental Systems”,
and “Workshop on Environmental Problems” since1980. This Subcommittee was approved in 1987 as
the “Committee on Environmental Systems” to be
one of the permanent research committees in JSCE.
At that time, the Committee recognized that the
spatial scope of traditional pollution problems
expanded to a global scale and that new civilengineering approaches were necessary from theperspective of its socio-economical roles andaspects in dealing with these problems.
It
promoted originally such new studies as“formation of the analysis of the relationshipbetween human activities and environment” and“new expansion including soft control measures.”
The mission of the Committee was described as
grasping environmental issues comprehensively
and systematically in the synthetic context oftechnology, economy, and society. In 1992,“Annual Meeting on the Environmental Systems
Research” took over the former “Annual
Symposium on Environmental Systems.” The
Committee has been the advancing outrider in the
research field of the system approach on the widerange of environmental issues which encompass
the conventional specialized individual studies. We
can see the historical development of the crosscutting-type environmental studies in theaccumulated editions of the Proceedings of theAnnual Meeting and Selected Papers ofEnvironmental System Research.
The Subcommittee on Self-Evaluation(Chaired by Dr. T. Futawatari) inside had reviewed
the history. The report was published in 2001 as“Self-Evaluation of Committee Performance andViewpoints of Environmental Systems Research”
in the JSCE Journal of Environmental Systems andEngineering (No.685, Ⅶ-20) 2001-08. The review
was based on the keyword analysis, hearings, andthe presented papers in the past Proceedings.
The number of papers presented at
Annual Meeting or Annual Symposium has been
increasing, especially in these 13 years fromaround 30 to 100-120 per a year. The “call for
papers” is announced in the JSCE Journal as; “Wewelcome research and/or proposal papers which

No. 7, February 2002

Yasushi Hosokawa
Environmental Systems Committee

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JSCE Newsletter

The Metropolitan Area Outer
Discharge Channel Project- Giant Scale Storm Water Drain
Tunnel System -drainage tunnel started in 1993 and completed in
2000. The main pump station adjacent to Edo
River, which is one of the Japan’s largest, iscomplete. Fourth section of the tunnel was started
its construction in 2000 and is scheduled to finish
in 2004.

1. Project Background

4. Tunnel Construction Method

Situated in a low and flat basin approximately
30 km north of Downtown Tokyo, the City of
Kasukabe and its eastern neighbor township,
Showa-machi, have been suffering from repeatedsevere flooding. Surprisingly, major portion of thebasin is lower than the beds of area’s rivers. Onceflooded, the area does not easily drain due to thearea’s topography with low and very gradualground.

This storm drain tunnel is being built by
the state-of-the-art slurry shield tunnel method.
Typical size of the shield machines used here isouter diameter of 12.04 meters, length of 11.75
meters with middle bent body capacity and weightof 2,300 metric tons. The tunnel is constructed insuch depth in order to take advantage of stablediluvial sand and clay layers situated around thetunnel alignment. As a result, the groundsettlement has been minimized.
Shield tunneling operation is highly
systemized and mechanized. Actual excavation andthe shield segments placement are monitored andcontrolled in a central control room situated justbehind the shield machine, letting large special
equipment handle most of the physical work.
Excavated soil out of the tunnel is in aslurry form being pumped through the piping andlifted to a slurry processing plant built on the
ground adjacent to a vertical shaft. The slurry is
dewatered and processed there and hauled to ariverbank improvement project as recycled fillmaterial.
The tunnel has high watertightness thanks
to segments with dual seals. The “DRC” typesegments are now being used for the fourth tunnel
section (DRC stands for Ductile iron encased
Reinforced Concrete).
These segments of the future have higher
strength and rigidity, and can be assembled inplace much faster than other types. New

2. Project Scheme
In order to reduce the risk of flooding in thearea, the Ministry of Land, Infrastructure andTransport is constructing a giant storm water drain
system across the basin. The drain tunnel, thelargest in the world of this kind, has inner diameterof 10.6 meters and total length of 6.3 kilometers at
the depth of approximately 50 meters from theground surface. There are five vertical shafts with
inner diameter of about 30 meters and depth ofsome 70 meters. They are currently used as
construction access. Once completed, they willfunction as storm water collection pits as well as
reservoirs, connecting the nearby rivers to thedischarge tunnel. All the collected storm water will
be pumped out to majestic Edo River at the
maximum capacity of 200 cubic meters per secondand eventually flow down to the Tokyo Bay.

3. Project Schedule
Construction of the first three sections of theOverall Project Scheme

No. 7, February 2002

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JSCE Newsletter

Tunnel Section with Segments Hauler

connecting and locking devices on the segment
edges do not require bolting which is normal forother types of segments. Further, the hybrid
structure can make a segment piece thinner thanother segment types due to higher strength andstiffness, allowing reduction in tunnel excavation
volume.

The Volcanic Eruption of Miyake
Island -Damages & Restoration 1. Volcanic Activities and Evacuation of
Miyake Island
Mt. Oyama began showing signs of
volcanic activities on the Miyake Island, a circularisland located 180 km offshore to the southsouthwest of Tokyo with a diameter ofapproximately 8 km, so the Tokyo Metropolitan
Government established a disaster countermeasure
office on June 27, 2000. On August 18th, thevolcano shot up fumes that reached up to 14,000 m
in height from its mouth on the summit of themountain, covering the entire island with ash forthe first time in the history of Miyake Island. Low
temperature pyroclastic flow was observed on
August 29th. Under such circumstances, theMiyake-mura village headman ordered theevacuation of all 38,000 villagers on September 2,
2000. Evacuation life is still continuing.
According to the Earthquake ResearchInstitute of the University of Tokyo, the amount ofash fall on Miyake Island is estimated to be around
11,000,000 m3. Each rain carries the accumulated
ashes downstream, gathering scoria, and turning
into a large mass of mud and debris flow. As it
moves toward the foot of the mountain, it erodes
away the bottom and the sides of the mountainstreams. On level ground, it will spread out andaccumulate into the shape of a fan. Although there
are no significant eruptions observed since October
2000, the amount of sulfur dioxide released into
the air remains high around 1,000,000 to 5,000,000
tons/day even today.

DRC Segments

5. Ending
The project is progressing toward overall
completion with aid of the latest tunnelingtechnology. Once completed, more than 3 million
people living in the area will have no more fear of
overflowing river water and all tragedies
experienced in many past years could be forgotten
as nothing happened.
For more information, there is a project visitor
center called “Sairyuu-kan” in the City of
Kasukabe and the Ministry’s project website is asfollows (in Japanese only).
http://www.ktr.mlit.go.jp/edogawa
Takefumi Takuma
K ajima Corporation

No. 7, February 2002

5

JSCE Newsletteranchorage area and in the waterways. Every timethe volcano erupted, ash fell on the runways of the
Miyake Airport.
Water facility damages include 13
ruptures in the water pipes, and the KANASO
Second Water Source was buried by the mudflow.
26 electric utility poles were washed away, torn
down, or slanted, and electric cables across 40
traves were washed away, cut, or slacken.
Sabo facilities were damaged at
ANEKAWA,MAGAWA,andCHIKUANASAWA dams, which filled withvolcanic ashes and rock. Coastal revetments weregreatly
damagedalong
TOMBISAWA,MICHINOSAWA,
IGAYASAWA,
andKAWADASAWA mountain streams.
Damages on Todo

3. Disaster Countermeasures
Restoration Progress

The restoration of TODO is the base torestoration activities. Accumulated earth and sandwere removed, and the restoration work on roads
was repeatedly carried out. In the TATUNE area
where the roads were ruined by the mudflows andwere impassible, a temporary bridge wasconstructed and opened for use on April 18, 2001.
Other temporary bridges were built in the four
severely damaged areas of HOTOKESAWA,
ASHIANA,SANHICHIZAWA,andKARAKURIBASHI, securing roads for restoration
vehicles.
For harbor facilities, the key to restoration,
temporary mooring facilities were set up in
TUBOTA and YUNOHAMA fishing ports inJanuary 2001 for tentative use, and the waterways
and anchorage areas were dredged in MIIKE port
and AKO fishing port to be used as a base fortransporting restoration equipment, machinery, andcrew since March. Three heliports are secured
including the temporary heliports, and MIYAKEAIRPORT is also available with the mud clearedaway from the runways.
Restoration work was carried out fordamaged water sources, distribution basins, and theseven ruptures in the pipelines to secure theWestern water route from OJI source to TOSA
distribution basin. Water is supplied to MIYAKE
village office, regional administrative offices,
desulfurization lodgments (clean-houses), concrete
plants, and other bases for activities. Power
distribution was resumed along the TODO since
mid-February, and presently, power is being
supplied 24-hours through remote operation fromthe city center in line with the nighttime stationing
arrangement.
Sabo work is an extremely effective
countermeasure against mudflows. Flow channels
were secured by removing driftwoods and sand thatclogged the culverts. In addition, sandbags were
piled up to prevent proliferation of mudflow, andchannelization and creation of temporary channels

Damages on Households

2. Damages on Miyake Island
There are 16 major damaged areas to the
33 km-long loop line or “TODO” managed by the
Tokyo Metropolitan Government. The 500 m
interval between ASHIANA and TATSUNE in the
TSUBOTA area is impassible due to a great deal ofaccumulated sediments and wiped out roads. The
debris washed down from the mountainsides
stacked up 1.0 – 0.5 m thick on top of the roads
between SHITORI Shrine and AKABAKYO. The
roads were completely destroyed around
SANHICHIZAWA in the SANHICHIYAMA area
and in HOTOKESAWA.
In OOSAWA,
KARAKURIBASHI, and HIRAYAMABASHI, thesidewalks and the shoulders were washed out.
There are nine damaged lines within the“RINDO” or the paths through the forest. The mostdevastating was the Mt. OYAMA Loop Line along
the mountainsides, which is ruined and buried invarious places.
In harbor facilities at MIIKE andOOKUBO ports, TUBOTA, AKO, IGAYA, andYUNOHANA fishing ports, the quay walls andbreakwaters sank a maximum of 50 cm andbecame slanted. Earth and sand piled on theNo. 7, February 2002

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JSCE Newsletter

across the roadway were carried out, and bed
protection blocks were also set. In addition, toprevent further mudflow damage to houses, wire
sensors and log booms were placed along 16 streams
in need of immediate attention, and earth and sandthat accumulated in the existing sediment control
dams were removed. Ten sediment control dams are
currently being constructed in the streams including
SANHICHISAWA,
KAWADASAWA,
andIGAYASAWA.

The big wave of innovating procurement
system is coming through the world. The
procurement system must be open to the world andthe wave is also rushing into the construction
market in Japan. The agreement on government
procurement of World Trade Organization was
brought out in 1996. The Ministry of Land,
Infrastructure and Transport (MLIT) officiallyagreed to open Japan’s construction market to theworld and will encourage the use of the electronic
tendering system. Nihon Keizai Shimbun reported
that MLIT expects to save time and cost of
procurement procedures by adopting the system.
The “Construction CALS Service BasicPlan” was presented by a working group in August
1996 and “the Construction CALS/EC Action
Plan” was formulated in September 1997. The
electronic procurement system started in the
beginning of October 2001, and procurement of 94
public works projects are to be effected through thesystem by the end of 2001 fiscal year. The system
will simplify the process of giving out notices ofprojects and application qualifications, tendering,and notice of award. Meanwhile, the systemenhanced fairness in the competition and thetransparency of procurement in public works
projects. Finally, MLIT has a plan to employ theelectronic tendering system in 44,000 of public
works projects by the 2003 fiscal year and hopes
the system will spread to local governments by
2010. It will save 20 to 30 billion yen per year incosts.
There still remain a lot of challenges for
MLIT in the electronic procurement system. The
virtual tendering studies performed by MLIT
suggest that there are issues such as the slownessof responses on network lines, lack of satisfactory
manual in system failures and the security risk ofthe electronic systems and tendering functions.
Each local government will also develop andimprove the system independently and tenderers
are likely to be confused in dealing with thevarious types of electronic tendering system. In
order to solve these problems, it is necessary to
make an integrated standard for these launchedsystems.
The
developmentofelectronic
procurement system provides the benefits ofcompetition fairness and cost reduction of
procurement. When the electronic procurement
system based construction market is accomplishedand recognized as an innovated Japanese
procurement system by international tenderers, itthen means that the Japan construction market istruly open to the world.

4. Full Fledged Infrastructure
Restoration and Execution ofCountermeasures Against Mudflow
For efficient restoration of Miyake
Island facilities, the Tokyo Metropolitan
Government has put together the “Mudflow
Measures / Infrastructure Restoration Project Teamof Miyake Island” composed of eight related
bureaus: Bureau of Construction, General Affairs,
City Planning, Public Health, Labor and Economic
Affairs (currently the Bureau of Industrial andLabor Affairs), Housing, Port and Harbor, andWaterworks (presently enhanced with the addition
of Bureau of Environment and known as “Miyake
IslandRestoration
Measures
Technology
Conference”) plus Miyake Village, TEPCO, andNTT East. The project team is selecting the best
restoration order and methods taking into accountthe regional benefits, and is making adjustmentswith the related organizations.
Further restoration activities over the next
three years include constructing eight new bridges
over mudflow paths, and alignment improvementof roads in two places in order to fully restore the
TODO.
“Disaster Related Emergency Sabo
Works” will be carried out immediately throughconstruction of 16 sediment control dams, andcreation of flow channels on 16 streams having
many villages nearby. Work on 51 sedimentcontrol dams and flow channels further beganalong 27 streams in “Volcano Sabo Quake-Stricken
Disaster Measure Special Emergency Works” andare to be completed by fiscal 2005. At present,
desulfurization lodgments (clean-houses) havebeen set up on the Island to provide safe working
conditions against toxic volcanic gases, and a
restoration work force of over 300 crews areactively engaging in full-scale restoration of eachIsland facility.
Hiroki Furukawa
Tokyo Metropolitan Parking Corporation

Innovation of Procurement
System (CALS/EC)
by Ministry of Infrastructure,
Land and Transportation

No. 7, February 2002

Hirotaka Hiyama
CTI Engineering Co., Ltd.

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JSCE Newsletter

friendly people and to learn more about theJapanese culture and traditions.
Finally I am grateful to all participants of the Touras they were all extremely accommodating without
exception, and their cooperation made the Study
Tour a success.

JSCE Study Tour Grant

Nguyen Duy Thang(Vietnam Construction Association (VCA))

Upcoming Events
88th General Assembly

The Vietnam Construction Association(VCA) and Japan Society of Civil Engineers(JSCE) have entered into the Cooperation
Agreement in April 2000 in Hanoi, Vietnam. This
important event was highly appreciated by VCA
and its members, especially Vietnamese civilengineers as all of them well understand theadvanced civil engineering technologies of Japan.
These civil engineer members have been working
with Japanese engineers and specialists in Vietnam
in various fields such as transport infrastructures,
urban development, environmental protection,
manufacturing facilities, office buildings, etc.
It was pleasure for me to receive an
invitation from JSCE in May 2001 to visit Japan
under a Study Tour Grant 2001 provided by JSCE
as a representative from VCA. Due to the limited
time, a tight itinerary was arranged from 8 to 16
July 2001 in Tokyo, but the visit was not focusedon a particular subject at that time.
I am a civil engineer and have beenworking as a Business Development Consultant for
the Vietnam Consultant Corporation for Industrial
and Urban Construction, under the Ministry ofConstruction from 1984 and I was elected as Vice
Secretary General of VCA in 1999.
The proposed visits were excellently
arrangedandadjusted
includingurban
development, environment facilities, transportfacilities and equipment for construction works,
which Japan has much advanced technologies andexperience. The main purpose of my visit is to try
to get a view of civil engineering development inJapan and to of its experience in management skills
and technology application as much as I can.
This report presents my experiences and mythoughts during my visit in Tokyo.（see the details
in JSCE website: http://www.jsce.or.jp）
I would like to express my sincere thanks
to JSCE for giving me this fantastic chance to visit
Japan. Although my time in Tokyo was limited, it
was a unique and most valuable opportunity in mylife, not only to be in Japan to get a real view thecivil engineering of Japan but also to see thebeautiful country and meet hard-working andNo. 7, February 2002

Date:
Place:

May 31, 2002
Hotel Edmont

4th Summer Symposium-Call for AbstractsDate: Aug. 3, 2002
Place: Kyoto University
Abstracts due: Apr. 19, 2002 (Details on website)

57th JSCE Annual Conference, 2002
Date:
Place:

Sep. 25 – 27, 2002
Hokkaido University

English Publications
ARTICLES (From July 2001 to January 2002)
Concrete Library International No.38,
JSCE, December 2001, 236 Pages,
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