Annual Report 2019

Global Alliance of Disaster Research Institutes
Global Alliance of Disaster Research Institutes

GADRI Annual Report 2019—1

GADRI Formation

GADRI Annual Report 2019—2

The First Global Summit of ResearchInstitutes for Disaster Risk Reduction was
initiated by the Disaster Prevention
Research
Institute(DPRI),
Kyoto
University, Uji Campus, Kyoto, Japan inNovember 2011 and one of the outcomes
was the proposition to establish a networkof disaster research institutes fostered by
DPRI, Kyoto University to bring together
research institutes working on disaster risk
prevention and mitigation in various
disciplines.

GADRI Formation

The Global Alliance of Disaster ResearchInstitutes (GADRI) was launched with amandate to support the implementation of
the Sendai Framework for Disaster Risk
Reduction 2015-2030 during Second
Global Summit held at DPRI, Kyoto
University, Uji Campus, Kyoto, Japan in
March 2015 which was held soon after the
UN World Conference on Disaster Risk
Reduction (WCDRR, 2015) which took
place in Sendai, Japan.
Currently, GADRI are members of the
Scientific and Technical Advisory Group(STAG), and the Global Risk Assessment
Framework (GRAF) of the United Nations
Office for Disaster Risk Reduction(UNDRR). GADRI works closely with thescience and technology community
collaborating in research, endorsing
policies related to disaster risk reduction,anddisseminating
andsharing
cutting-edge knowledge and information
supported by evidence-based researchamong research institutions, internationalorganizations and the private sector invarious nation states. GADRI community
continue to evolve and strengthen
research activities towards disaster risk
reduction and management and find
implementable solutions to achieve
disaster resilience in the world.

GADRI Annual Report 2019—3

Contents

Table of Contents•

Message from the Secretary-General, GADRI•GADRI Activities in 2019

We thank all members for•

GADRI Book Series•

4th Global Summit of Research Institutes
for Disaster Risk Reduction

their inputs to the GADRI
Annual Report 2019.

•

GADRI Session at the World Bosai Forum2019•

GADRI Secretariat
Disaster Prevention ResearchInstitute (DPRI) Kyoto University•

Keeping in touch with Members of GADRI•

Americas

•

Asia

•

Japan

•

Oceania•

Europe•AfricaGeographical Distribution of GADRIUji Campus, Gokasho, Uji Shi
Kyoto 611-0011, Japan

Tel: +81-0774-38-4651
E-mail: secretariatgadri@dpri.kyoto-u.ac.jp
Web: http://gadri.net

GADRI Annual Report 2019 is the
Secretariat.

property of GADRI

Edited and designed by Hirokazu Tatano and Wilma James.
Copyright © 2019 by GADRI Secretariat.
All rights reserved. GADRI Annual Report 2019 or any portion
thereof may not be reproduced or used in any
mannerwhatsoever without the express written permissionofthe publisher—GADRI Secretariat.

GADRI Annual Report 2019—4

GADRI
Annual Report2019

GADRI Annual Report 2019—5

Message from theSecretary-General, GADRI

Once again, this year, we were reminded of thethreats of natural disasters from typhoons tohurricanes to fires and it continued to affectlivelihoods and economies.

GADRI Secretariat and many members wereinvolved in various working groups of STAG and
GRAF.

Under Disaster and Risk Research: GADRI Book
With your support, GADRI moved forward in its Series, a few book proposals are sent to Springer
contributions to the disaster risk reduction and Japan for publication.
mitigation of disasters. Our membership is over 200
GADRI held a session on Contributions to theinstitutes in 52 economies. GADRI, through its
Science and Technology Roadmap at the World
members, endeavoured to promote the new
Bosai Forum 2019 held at Tohoku University,interdisciplinary field of disaster risk reduction andSendai, Japan from 9 to 12 November 2019.
institutional capacity building efforts. When adisaster happens, it is vital for our members based GADRI also site visited European Commission,in the area, to play an important role in the phases Joint Research Centre (EC-JRC), in Ispra, Italy infrom response to recovery. Local institutes should November 2019 to initiate discussions andthtake the lead to implement plans and/or strategies preparations for the 5 Global Summit of GADRI
for DRR, as they know better the people and to be hosted at EC-JRC from 15 to 17 March
2021 and to be followed by the EC-JRC, Disaster
context in the area.
Risk Management Knowledge Centre (DRMKC)
I would like to share with you a few activities ofAnnual Conference from 17 to 19 March 2021.
GADRI during 2019.
Without your support we cannot continue on thisThe 4th Global Summit of Research Institutes formission to deepen the understanding of disasters
Disaster Risk Reduction: Increasing theand find ways to prevent new disasters at all
Effectiveness and Relevance of our Institutes waslevels. It takes collective efforts to work onheld at the Disaster Prevention Research Institutestrengthening resilience to disasters and help
(DPRI), Kyoto University, Kyoto, Japan from 13th
build back better.
Through the platform of
to 15th March 2019. 251 attendees representing
GADRI, let us continue to work together, share
107 institutes in 33 economies participated in the
our achievements and contribute toward theconference. The summit specifically focussed on
implementation of the goals of the Sendai
the contributions to the contextualization of the
Framework Agenda towards a resilient world.
Science and Technology Roadmap.
These
We take this opportunity to thank all of you fordeliberations were taken into account in the
being part of GADRI.
revised Science and Technology Roadmap which
was presented at the Global Platform for Disaster
Risk Reduction held in Geneva in May 2019.
The 2nd GADRI General Assembly was held on 15
March 2019 at the Granvia Hotel Kyoto, Japan.
The meeting was attended by nearly 60 members
from 26 economies. GADRI General Assembly isheld once a biennium at the time of the GADRI
Global Summit.

Hirokazu Tatano
Secretary-General, GADRI; andVice-Director, DPRI, Kyoto University,
Japan

GADRI actively participated at the Scientific andTechnical Advisory Group (STAG) and the Global
Risk Assessment Framework (GRAF) of UNDRR.

GADRI Annual Report 2019—6

GADRI Vision
To deepen the understanding of disasters and find implementable solutions to achieve
disaster resilience, by integrating knowledge and technologies from around the world.

GADRI Objectives•

To support the implementation of the Sendai Framework for Disaster Risk
Reduction 2015-2030•

To establish a global research network that promotes and engages disaster
research.

•

To provide a research road map, with plans that help facilitate the organization ofdisaster research groups.

•

To promote capacity building and development of disaster research institutes andenhances researcher and student exchange.

•

To promote exchange and sharing of data and information for scientific researchacross the globe.

•

To serve as an advocacy organization presenting
approaches that influence decision-making processes.

evidence-based

GADRI Activities•

Planning and organization of regionally or globally collaborative disaster risk research initiatives•

Formation of international research groups to investigate current global disasters,
and implement new research methodologies for disaster risk reduction and implementation•

Establishment of an international network for timely communication related to research on disasters•

Organization of conferences, workshops and meetings•

Dissemination and sharing of information, publications, reports, data and other research outputs•

Facilitation of rapid reconnaissance field surveys following disasters•

Preparation of GADRI news releases, policy recommendations, news bulletins, research reports, and other publications.

GADRI Annual Report 2019—7

Disaster and Risk Research:
GADRI Book Series

The first book on “Disaster
Risk
ReductionandResilience” by Dr. Stefan
Hochrainer-Stigler and Dr.
Muneta Yokomatsu will be
published by Springer.

Disaster and Risk Research: GADRIBook Series is published under the
auspices of the Global Alliance ofDisaster Research Institutes (GADRI).
The global status of disaster researchreflects the major strides made in thedisaster sciences. These volumes
present the forefront of disaster
research,includingkeyscientificfindings,
methodologies,
policyrecommendations and case studies.
Whilst disaster risk needs to be managed
in an integrated manner, persistently
isolated applications of knowledge,
practice and policy are falling short ofensuring disaster-resilient societies.
Responding to this deficit calls formeasurement, tools, techniques andinstitutional structures that can realisticallysupport comprehensive risk assessmentand management across multiple hazard
landscape. As such, disaster research is
now faced with a multi-disciplinary, multistakeholder challenge. Contributions tothis series therefore address many varied
and critical opportunities to advance thesubject area. A cross-cutting vision sharedacross the Disaster and Risk Researchvolumes is to improve the future ofscientific and technological guidance withclearly identifiable roadmaps to ensure
human safety and security.

https://www.springer.com/series/16177

This volume discusses how
disasterrisk
reductionenhances
resilienceondifferent
scales(global,regional, national, community,
household)fromvarioushazards. The introduction
defines terms, followed by asection which examines thenatural environment and how
resilience flows from disasterrisk reduction, across a wide

variety of natural hazards.
Section II then examines thebuilt and social environment,
focusing on how resiliencecan be enhanced in thevarious aspects of theseenvironments.
Section III
then provides cross-cuttingcase studies of enhanced
resilience, across a wide
variety of societies andapplications. Lastly, Section
IV concludes the volume withan overview of the current
state of disaster risk reduction
for resilience, and what isneeded to achieve a resilient
future.

Other Books Approved by the Publisher

1

Title: Proceedings of the 3rd Global Summit of ResearchInstitutes for Disaster Risk Reduction Editors: Hirokazu Tatano, Andrew Collins, Wilma James,
Title: Enhancing Risk Governance to Manage Disaster Risks

2

Proposed editors: Masamitsu Onishi, Yuichi Ono
Coordinating editor: Masamitsu Onishi
Title: Health and Disaster Risk and Management

3

Proposed Editors: Virginia Murray, Andrew Collins, Ryoma
Kayano, Emily Chan
Associate editors: Sakiko Kanbara, Sachiko Nakamura,
Kevin Blanchard
Coordinating editor: Virginia Murray

4

5

6

Title: Proceedings of the 4th Global Summit of ResearchInstitutes for Disaster Risk Reduction Proposed editors: Hirokazu Tatano, Andrew Collins, Wilma
James
Title: Global Disasters of 2017-2018
Editors: Charles Scawthorn and Mohsen Ghafory-Ashtiany
Strategic inclusion of Eco-system-based Disaster Resilience
Editors: Mahua Mukherjee and Rajib ShawGADRI Annual Report 2019—8

GADRI Connections with UNDRRGADRI closely worked with the United
Nations Office for Disaster Risk
Reduction(UNDRR),
Geneva,Switzerland.
GADRI is a member of the Scienceand Technology Advisory Group(STAG); and GADRI was elected as amember of the Expert Group on the
Global Risk Assessment Framework(GRAF).

Science and Technology
Advisory Group (STAG)GADRI attended the Science andTechnology Advisory Group (STAG)
meeting held at the UNDRR, Geneva,
Switzerland from 30 to 31 August 2019.
Main focus of the meeting was thereview of the 2016 Science andTechnology Conference Roadmap andreporting the progress at the Global
Forum 2019.

Global Risk Assessment Framework(GRAF)GADRI was elected as a member of the Expert
Group on the Global Risk Assessment Framework(GRAF) which was established as an important
global initiative to support the implementation of the
Sendai Framework Agenda for 2015-2030. The
establishment of the Expert Group was one of theprincipal recommendations of the
The initial responsibility of the Expert Group is toprovide guidance and direction in the co-designand collaborative development of the GRAF,
including strategic, technical, functional andoperational aspects. The Expert Group will guidethe development and co-creation of a preliminary
implementation roadmap, including the definitionand possible composition of the GRAF SubWorking Groups that will need to be established tosupport the co-design and development process.

Further details available at GADRI Actions—http://
gadri.net/resources/pdf/GANewsletter_AugDec_2018.pdf

GADRI Annual Report 2019—9

4th Global Summit of Research Institutes for
Disaster Risk Reduction (4thGSRIDRR):
Increasing the Effectivenessand Relevance of ourInstitutes
DPRI, Kyoto University,
Japan, 13 to 15 March 2019

Prof. Juichi Yamagiwa, President,
Kyoto University delivered thewelcome remarks at the Opening
Ceremony
The biennial Global Summit Series
was initiated by the Disaster
Prevention Research Institute (DPRI),
Kyoto University, Uji Campus, Kyoto
Japan with the first Global Summit of
Research Institutes for Disaster Risk
Reduction session held in November
2011 during the same year a triple
disaster – Great East Japan
Earthquake and Tsunami devastatedJapan in March 2011. The First
GlobalSummitwhich
brought
together 52 research institutes
involved in disaster risk reduction andmanagement from around the world,
proposed the establishment of aninternational network of disaster
research fostered by DPRI, Kyoto
University. This proposal was further
endorsed by the Second Global
Summit that took place at DPRI,
Kyoto University soon after the UN
World Conference on Disaster Risk
Reduction,
participatedby83
institutes, and established the Global
AllianceofDisaster
Research
Institutes (GADRI) to support the
Sendai Framework for Disaster Risk
Reduction 2015-2030 agenda. The
Third Global Summit in March 2017
was successfully organized by
GADRI with 102 institutes and 251
participants from around the world.

The Fourth Global Summit of
Research Institutes for Disaster
Risk Reduction (4th GSRIDRR,
2019):
Increasingtheeffectiveness and relevance of
our institutes, sponsored by
GADRI and Kyoto University, washosted and held at the Disaster
Prevention Research Institute(DPRI), Kyoto University, UjiCampus, Kyoto, Japan from 13 to
15 March 2019.
One of the major highlights of theOpening Ceremony was thepresenceofProf.
Juichi
Yamagiwa, the President of the
Kyoto University. After welcoming
theparticipants
andcongratulating the organizers,
GADRI
and
the
DisasterPrevention Research Institute(DPRI), Kyoto University, Prof.
Yamagiwa
expressed
hispleasure to host the Global
Alliance of Disaster ResearchInstitutes (GADRI) at DPRI, Kyoto
University Uji Campus, to support
the implementation of the Sendai
Framework for Disaster Risk
Reduction 2015-2030 (SFDRR)
and the work of the Science andTechnology
AdvisoryGroup(STAG) of the United Nations
Office for Disaster Risk Reduction(UNDRR).

GADRI Annual Report 2019—10

The
GlobalSummitseriesprovidedaplatformforresearchers, practitioners, policy
makers, and other stakeholders inboth government and nongovernmental institutes involved
in disaster risk reduction andresilience to come together todiscuss, share and exchange
ideas. It specifically focused oncontributing
inputstothecontextualization and revising thegoals of the 2016 Science andTechnology
Roadmapto
implementation of the Priority
Areas of the Sendai Frameworkfor Disaster Risk Reduction
Agenda 2015-2030; and inputs for
GADRI to move forward in its
contributions to the science
community in the world.
Expertopinionsbyglobalstakeholders based on theirexpertise
andexperiences
covered management of scientificknowledge and its application forgovernments and industries toaccomplish disaster risks andreductions. Further, provided
various suggestions to bridge
science and decision making
gaps and to find implementablemechanisms to confront newscientific challenges in DRR andDRM.

contextualization of the 2016 Science andTechnology Roadmap. This was assisted by theunique high-level dialogues between governmental,
UN and other leaders from the private sector and thescience and technology community broadly defined.
There were parallel thematic group discussion
sessions, and panel sessions to present synthesis
reports form group discussion sessions, and poster
presentations and opportunities for participants tointeract and review contributions that progressdisaster risk reduction and resilience activities.
Group discussions session in particular focused on:Group discussion session on Earthquake andVolcanoDisaster
RelatedChairedbyProf. James Mori, DPRI, Kyoto University, Japan•GADRI Contributions to the 2016 Science &Technology Roadmap - how best could GADRI
promote the SFDRR 2030 agenda?

As disasters continue to increase in numbers
and affect nations and communities by theirimpact and intensity, the Global Summit Series
through its institutional structure advocate
importance of engagement in collaborative
research activities to accomplish disaster risk
reduction and resilience at a global level. The
Sendai Framework Agenda for 2030 calls forincreased awareness of disaster risk reduction
and resilience and implementation of policies toprevent new risks. GADRI commits to take acoherent and a global approach to disaster risk
reduction and resilience through its network ofdisaster research institutes.

Through the Fourth
GlobalSummit,the
Global Alliance ofDisaster Research Institutes(GADRI)
pushed forward to promote and contributetothe 2030 Agenda of the Sendai Framework and the•SDGs, climate change and adaptation what engagement mechanisms andresearch linkages are needed to influence
research directions among policy makers,
governments, localities, media and othergroups?

•Nation’s Synthesis: Concept Design and
Implementation, and the SFDRR Agenda
2030 – what systemic synthesis can bebuilt?

•

Research Funding - where is the fundingfor disaster risk reduction activities comingfrom and is this invested to the rightcauses and the areas that are mostneeding support?

•

Data Working Group - what are the real
strengths and weaknesses of data andrisk management?

The conference attract 52 poster presenters .

GADRI Annual Report 2019—11

4th Global Summit of Research Institutes for Disaster
Risk Reduction:
DPRI, Kyoto University, Kyoto, Japan
Closing

GADRI Annual Report 2019—12

Increasing the Relevance and Effectiveness of ourInstitutes
from 13th to 15th March 2019
BanquetGADRI Annual Report 2019—13

support the implementation of
Framework Agenda 2015-2030;

theSendai2. Contributions to the contextualization of the
Science & Technology Roadmap which will bepresented at the Global Platform for Disaster
Risk Reduction to be held in Geneva in May
2019.

3. Assessment of current efforts on global andnational involvements in the field of disasterprevention research in relation to theimplementation of the Priority Areas of the
Sendai Framework for Disaster Risk Reduction
2015-2030;

4. Evaluation of current status of research
Ms. Rakhi Kashyap, School of Ecology andEnvironment, Nalanda University, India; and Dr. BangHenry Ngenyam, Bournemouth University Disaster
Management Centre (BUDMC), UK at the poster
session
Focusing on topics for each session, the Fourth
Global Summit discussion sessions explored thegoverning nature of empirical research on disasterrisk reduction conducted by various research
institutions nationally and globally, and especially
how evidence-based research results are utilized or
implemented in mitigating disasters.

knowledge and efforts and research gaps, andresearch results at institution level in eachcountry.

5. Commitments to voluntary evaluation of theresearch projects and results; and reporting ofvoluntary evaluations and research inputs to the
Science and Technology Community of the
UNDRR and at the biennial Global Summits.

The speakers and presenters engaged in debates onchallenges at hand and exchanging ideas andknowledge. The conference specifically focused oncontributions to the contextualization of the 2016
Science and Technology Roadmap for the
implementation of the Sendai Framework for Disaster
Risk Reduction 2015-2030.
Following highlights a few of the accomplished goals:

1. Discussions and panel sessions on issues
related to disaster prevention and contributions
to Science and Technology Roadmap adopted to

5th Global Summit closed with a Banquet
organized by GADRI which included aperformance by the Kyoto Todoh Senior HighSchool Calligraphy Club.

GADRI Annual Report 2019—14

Mr. Tadashi Yamamoto, Mayor, Uji City, Kyoto, Japan isgreeted by Prof. Hajime Nakagawa, Director, DPRI,
Kyoto University and Prof. Manabu Hashimoto, DPRI,
Kyoto University. Mr. Yamamoto greeted the participants
during the Opening Ceremony of the 4th Global Summit

Opening Ceremony of the 4th Global Summit

Mr. Shuichi Yamauchi, Vice-Governor, Kyoto
Prefecture, Kyoto, Japan opened the welcome
reception of the 4th Global Summit.

Participants at the Poster Session

At the Closing Banquet—(L-R)
Prof.
Hirokazu
Tatano, Prof. Andrew Collins,
Chair,
GADRI
Board
of
Directors; and Northumbria
University, Newcastle, UK; Mr.
Daisaku Kadokawa, Mayor,
Kyoto City, Japan; Prof. Kayo Inaba, Executive Vice-President,
Kyoto University, Japan, Prof. Mahua Mukherjii, IIT, Roorkee, India,
and Prof. Virginia Murray, PHE, UK
GADRI Annual Report 2019—15

Second GADRI General Assembly
Granvia Hotel Kyoto, Japan on 15th March 2019The Second GADRI General Assembly was heldat the Granvia Hotel Kyoto, Kyoto, Japan on 15th
March 2019. This session was limited to GADRI
member institutes. Over 60 members from 26
states attended the session.
Unanimous approval was obtained on a numberof important issues such as the Chairman of theBoard of Directors, the new members of the
GADRI Board of Directors, and the members of
the newly formed Advisory Board who joined in
April 2018.
In particular, the meeting•clarified the short-term and long-term issues
to be tackled in each research field throughgroup discussions, and•agreement to provide contributions andcommitment by each institute to provide
recommendations to the Science andTechnology Roadmap.

The participant unanimously agreed to reportand review achievements and information at
GADRI
biennial
summitsand
otheropportunities.
GADRI Secretariat also used the opportunity toencourage members to further disseminate theirresearch
reports,
conferences,
capacity
development activities through GADRI website,GADRI Actions, and to be engaged in GADRI
activities to the extent possible.
On the topic of the GADRI Global Summit series
initiated by the Disaster Prevention ResearchInstitute(DPRI),
Kyoto
University,theparticipants observed that the title of the Global
Summit series is too long and it should beshortened. The fixed title would be Global
Summit of the Global Alliance of Disaster
Research Institutes (GADRI) with a colon. A
subtitle will be attached to it at each session
which will clearly describe the current theme of
the conference.

GADRI Annual Report 2019—16

Side Event on Efforts and Responses to Major Disasters Around theWorld: Narratives and Communications
Disaster Prevention Research Institutes (DPRI), Kyoto University
Uji Campus, Obaku Plaza, Kyoto, Japan on 12th March 2019

Srikantha Herath, Director, CUrW, andSenior Advisor, Ministry of Megapolis
and Western Development, Sri Lanka;
Prof. Bijay Anand Misra, SPA, Kerala,
India; Prof. Charles Scawthorn, PEER,
University of California, Berkeley, USA;
Prof. Paul Kovacs, ICLR, Western
University, Canada; Dr. Jennifer Tobinon behalf of Prof. Lori Peek, Director,
NHC, University of Colorado, Boulder,
USA; Prof. Mahua Mukherjee, Head,
CoE in Disaster Mitigation andManagement, IIT, Roorkee, India; andProf. Jean Paul Pinelli, Florida Instituteof Technology, USA.
Each presenter was given 10 minutes
and was requested specifically todescribe the event as follows:

GADRI organized the side event on the Efforts andResponses to Major Disasters Around the World:
Narratives and Communications at the Obaku Plazaon 12th March 2019 from 13:00-17:00 hours. The
event was participated by nearly 100 participants.
The session was divided to two Panel sessions.
Panel 1 on Earthquakes, Tsunami, Volcano
Eruptions and Recovery Related; and the Panel II
on Water Related issues.
Panel One consisted of five presentation by Prof.
Jim Mori, DPRI, Kyoto University; Prof. Yuichi Ono,
International Research Institute of Disaster Science(IRIDeS), Tohoku University, Japan; Dr. Craig
Davis, American Society of Civil Engineering(ASCE), USE, Dr. Irwan Meilano, Institut Teknologi
Bandung (ITB), Indonesia, and Dr. Rodrigo
Cienfuegos, Centro de Investigación para la Gestión
Integrada del Riesgo de Desastres (CIGIDEN),
Chile.
Panel Two was coveredby Prof. Toshio Koike
Prof. Toshio Koike,
Director,
International
Centre for Water
Hazard and Risk Management undertheauspices of UNESCO (ICHARM), Japan; Prof.

•

The event - described the region, what nature
did and the damage it caused (structures
destroyed, killed, dollar loss etc.)•

The Recovery: described, given the damage,
how recovery is occurring – the plan, its status,
problems•

Knowledge gaps: described what gaps exist,
what research is needed, how DRIs cancontribute

Prof. Andrew Collins, DDN, Northumbria University,
UK delivered the wrap-up and closing remarks.
As a concluding result, the participants and thepanelists of the event endorsed to publish acompendium of the papers as a book under theDisaster and Risk Research: GADRI Book Series. It
will be titled as Global Disasters of 2017-2018 andedited by Prof. Charles Scawthorn and Prof.,
Mohsen Ghafory-Ashtiany.
After the conference, Prof. Scawthorn submitted abook proposal which was approved by the GADRIBoard of Directors on 4th June 2019.

GADRI Annual Report 2019—17

Science and Policy Forum

Geneva, Switzerland
13-14 May 2019
GADRI Presence at the Global Platform for Disaster Risk
Reduction 2019
The main focus of the GADRI 4th Global Summit of
Research Institutes for Disaster Risk Reduction was
the contributions to the contextualization of the Science and Technology Roadmap which was presented during the Science and Policy Forum on 13 to 17
May 2019 at the Global Platform 2019 in Geneva,
Switzerland.
Prof. Hirokazu Tatano, Secretary-General of GADRI
was invited to discuss in the session on“Presentation of the contextualized Global Scienceand Technology Roadmap, for adoption by the participants” at the Science and Policy Forum. “ Forum
focused on advancing interdisciplinary collaboration
and better linkages between the science communityand policy-makers to build
effective and coherent approaches to risk reduction
and resilience building thereby supporting thetransformative change required to achieve the ambitious 2030 Agenda in an increasingly interconnected

and cascading risk landscape to ensure nobody isleft behind.”
The Science and Technology Roadmap is intended
as a living document living document to be implemented by the science and technology community inpartnership with other stakeholders. During the GADRI 4th Global Summit, participants contributed collectively for the improvement and contextualizationof the Science and Technology Roadmap.

Further details can be found at the website - https://www.unisdr.org/conference/2019/globalplatform/
programme/preparatory-days/view?id=965
Revised Science and Technology Road Map https://www.preventionweb.net/files/
globalplatform/5d2c4c49ab99020190411_Science_Technolog
y_Road_Map_Final_(1).pdf

GADRI Annual Report 2019—18

GADRI Session at the World Bosai Forum 2019

The Global Alliance of Disaster ResearchInstitutes (GADRI) and the Disaster Prevention
Research Institute (DPRI), Kyoto University
actively participated at the World Bosai Forum2019 held at Tohoku University, Sendai, Japan
from 9 to 12 November 2019.
GADRI Session on Contribution to the ScienceandTechnology
Roadmap
fortheImplementation of the Sendai Framework for
Action for Disaster Risk Reduction 2015-2030
at the World Bosai Forum was held on 11
November 2019.
The session particularly drew attention to
current status of research conducted bymembers of GADRI in line with the targets of
the Science and Technology road to
implement the Sendai Framework for Agenda
for 2030.

Prof. Manabe Hashimoto, Director, Disaster
Prevention Research Institute (DPRI), Kyoto
University greeted the participants and shared
information on DPRI, Kyoto University
activities.
This was followed by Prof. Hirokazu Tatano,
Secretary-General, GADRI; and Vice-Director
and Professor, DPRI, Kyoto University who
delivered an outline of GADRI and purpose of
the GADRI Session at the World Bosai Forum2019. He reiterated the important role playedby its members to further facilitatecontributions from the science and technology
community towards achieving the goals of the
Science and Technology Roadmap to deliveron the Priority Areas of the Sendai
Framework.

GADRI Annual Report 2019—19

Prof. Yin-Nan Huang, Associate Professor, Dept. of
Civil Engineering, National Taiwan University; andDivision Head, Earthquake Disaster Simulation
Division, National Center for Research on
Earthquake Engineering (NCREE), Chinese Taipei
presented an overview of his institute activities andthe aligning research projects towards the S&T
Roadmap. In his presentation, he touched on
Sendai Framework, Priorities for Action and theinitiatives taken by NCREE:••

Understanding disaster risk•

New ground-motion prediction equations
using local data•

Seismic disaster/risk simulation•

Scenarios for planning and drills of seismic
disaster reduction

Strengthening disastermanage disaster risk•

risk

governanceto

Revision of design codes•

Investing in disaster risk reduction for resilience•

Enhancing disaster preparedness for effective
response and to “Build Back Better”•

New design and construction methods•

New monitoring and early warning systems•

Methodologies for capacity evaluation andretrofit•

Educational activities and publications

Prof. Ana Maria Cruz, DPRI, Kyoto University
delivered a presentation on NATECH research andits contributions to the S&T Roadmap. In her
presentation, she covered the main
NATECH
research gaps and challenges.
•

More research needed to support and develop
Natech accident modeling and simulation, andrisk assessment addressing cascading events,
risk reduction.

•

Social impacts of Natechs is a topic to be further
explored.

•Research on Natech-economic impacts islacking.

•

More research on risk communication andevacuation planning needed.

•

Complex scenarios – Multi-stakeholderinteractions – Risk governance issues•

Limited awareness and understanding of Natech
scenarios among all stakeholders•

Industries are hesitant to share information•

Afraid of government sanctions, security issues,
reputational risk.

•

Lack of systematic collection of Natech data.

•

Need a paradigm shift to expand traditional
technological risk management to a holistic
systems perspective (contributing to societal
resilience)

GADRI Annual Report 2019—20

Dr. Tetsuya Takemi, DPRI, Kyoto University
described Global Summit series from Weather,
Climate Change Adaptation and SDG Perspective.
He shared What GADRI can do for SDG andclimate change adaptation as follows;
Communication:•

Understand mechanisms through which policy
on climate change is enacted -- Shareexperiences to develop mechanisms inindividual countries or regions; Facilitate toadjust the mechanisms in individual contexts

Information dissemination:•

Foster the scientific community to implement
long term projects on climate change incollaboration with policy makers to build
common understandings and trust

Linkage:•

Identify/prioritize the most significant climate
indicators, from a scientific point of views, that
account for risks so that policy makers could
focus on the implementation more practicallyand effectively

Dr. Subhajyoti Samaddar, DPRI, Kyoto University
presentation focused on the GADRI Global Summit series

In addition, three students from DPRI-KU contributed to the Flash Talk sessions.

Haris Rahadianto presenting a paper on Damage
Distribution of Typhoon No. 21 in 2018 on Osaka andWakayama Prefecture based on Questionnaire Surveys
GADRI Annual Report 2019—21

Alessandra Colocci presenting a paper on A socialecological approach to disaster risk management
applied to the case study of the Marche Region, Italy

Hasi presenting a paper on Fragility curves for economic
losses in industrial sectors after strong wind disaster: A
case of 2018 Typhoon Jebi

Left: Yuki Matsuoka, Head of UNDRR
Office in Japan; and 3rd from Left is
Sakiko Kanbara from University of Kochi,
Japan

GADRI Annual Report 2019—22

Keeping in touchwith members

GADRI Annual Report 2019—23

Keeping in touchwith members

GADRI Annual Report 2019—24

Americas

GADRI Annual Report 2019—25

Americas

GADRI Annual Report 2019—26

GADRI Annual Report — Americas

Americas—Members
Argentina
BrazilEnvironment and Natural Resources Research Program (PIRNA), Instituto de Geografía“Romualdo Ardissone”, Facultad de Filosofía y Letras, Universidad de Buenos Aires
Department of Civil Engineering, Centre for Technology and Natural Resources, Federal
University of Campina Grande

BrazilUniversidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul (UFRGS)

CanadaThe Institute for Catastrophic Loss Reduction (ICLR), Western University

Chile

Centro Nacional de Investigacion par la Gestion de Desastres Naturales (CIGIDEN)

Colombia Department of Chemical Engineering, Universidad de los Andes
Colombia

National Unit for Disaster Risk Management in Colombia (NGRD)(Unidad Nacional para la Gestión del Riesgo de Desastres de Colombia-UNGRD)

Colombia

Seismological and Geophysical Observatory of the Southwest (Observatorio Sismológico yGeofísico del Suroccidente (OSSO)), Valle University (Universidad del Valle)

Ecuador

Pacific International Center for Disaster Risk Reduction (PIC-DRR), Escuela Superior
Politechnica del Litoral

MexicoInstitute of Geography, National Autonomous University of Mexico (UNAM)

MexicoStructures Laboratory, University of Michoacan

MexicoResearch Institute of Risk Management, University of Michoacan

USA

American Society of Civil Engineers (ASCE)

USA

Center for Emergency Management and Homeland Security, Arizona State University (ASU)

USA

Pacific Earthquake Engineering Research Center (PEER), University of California, Berkeley

USA

Resilient Communities Research Institute (RCRI), College of Architecture and Environmental
Design, California Polytechnic State University

USA

Natural Hazards Center (NHC), University of Colorado Boulder

USA

Center for Risk-Based Community Resilience Planning, Colorado State University

USA

Disaster Research Center, University of Delaware

USA

Wind and Hurricane Impact Research Laboratory (WHIRL), Florida Institute of Technology (FIT)USA

Center for Wind Hazard and Infrastructure Performance, Texas Tech

USA

Dept. of Business Information Technology, Virginia Tech

USA

Program on Population Impact, Recovery and Resilience (PiR2), College of Global Public Health,
New York University

USA

Nevada Seismological Laboratory, University of Nevada

USA

Global Resilience Institute, Northeastern University

USA

Coastal Resilience Center (CRC), University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill (UNC)

USA

Advanced Radar Research Center, University of Oklahoma

USA

Center for Infrastructure, Transportation, and the Environment (CITE), Rensselaer Polytechnic
Institute (RPI)USA

Department of Industrial and Systems Engineering, Rensselaer Polytechnic Institute (RPI)

USA

Southern California Earthquake Center (SCEC)

USA

Center for Risk and Economic Analysis of Terrorism Events (CREATE), University of Southern
California

USA

Hazard Reduction and Recovery Center (HRRC), Texas A&M University (TAMU)

USA

Geologic Hazards Science Center, U.S. Geological Survey

USA

Department of Environmental Studies, Resilience Institute, Western Washington University

GADRI Annual Report 2019—27

Federal University of Campina Grande（UFCG),
Brazilhttps://portal.ufcg.edu.br/

Typical convective systems generating flash
floods in north-eastern Brazil

In 2019, UFCG continued its policy of building
and maintaining partnerships in several
initiatives related to DRR. In this report wehighlight three of them related to the watersector:

The Federal University of Campina Grande(UFCG) conducts studies and research on
environmental disasters in a broad sense,
spanning several areas. This is partly
motivated by the institution’s location in thesemiarid region of Brazil, high populated
and socially and economically vulnerable toenvironmental hazards, such as droughts,
desertification, land degradation, flash
floods, health vulnerability, leading to social
inequality. Our present interests are onunderstanding local and regional needs andthe social aspects of Disaster Risk
Reduction (DRR).

•

Flood prevention and mitigation in highly vulnerable
urban settlements (slums)
This initiative involves assessing current flood protection
infrastructure in slums located in several cities of thecountry. Hydrologic and hydraulic simulation models areused to assess both the existing infrastructure and theimplementation of low-impact and nature-based
measures as well as appropriate technologies. Citizens
and communities take active part in the process ofdesigning and implementing such measures. The
partnership involves a nationwide research network
under the Metropolis Observatory network and the Civil
Defense departments of the municipalities. A related
initiative targeted at areas vulnerable to inundation
within the city of Campina Grande has the Center for
Water Systems of the University of Exeter (UK) as aninternational partner.

Prof. Carlos de Oliveira Galvao
E-mail: carlos.galvao@ufcg.edu.br

GADRI Annual Report 2019—28

•

Water supply reservoir management underdroughts
This long-term research initiative, conductedunder a network of Brazilian and international
universities and research centers, received
important support from two leading Japanesegroups: the Research Center for Urban
Safety and Security of Kobe University(RCUSS) and the Disaster Prevention
Research Institute of Kyoto University(DPRI). UFCG and RCUSS researchers
started to explore the potential of Quantum
Optimization for reservoir operation, while
UFCG and DPRI are employing stochastic
approaches for exploiting new ensemble
seasonal rainfall forecasts produced by
FUCEME, a Brazilian Research Center.

•

Groundwater management
Groups of UFCG and the University ofWaikato (NZ) proposed a new framework forjoint management of aquifers and land use,
based on the principles of Landscape Scale
Planning. A regional aquifer in the Atlantic
coast of north-eastern Brazil was the firstpilot case, receiving recommendations forincreasing groundwater recharge throughimproved land-use planning. On the other
hand, in partnership with the Cities ResearchInstitute of Griffith University (AU), improved
community governance strategies were
proposed for small and shallow aquifers
located inland in a semi-arid area. Thesewater resources have been used for
centuries by indigenous and contemporarycommunities for small scale agriculture, but
recently
have
sufferedfrompoor
management and institutional constraints.
The new governance approach is currently
being implemented in a pilot project with thelocal community cooperative, state water
agency and other relevant partners.

Small alluvial aquifers for community supply.

GADRI Annual Report 2019—29

GADRI Annual Report — Americas

Centro de Investigación para la Gestión Integrada delRiesgo de Desastres (CIGIDEN), Chile
https://www.cigiden.cl/en/home/

In 2019, CIGIDEN specifically engaged infollowing activities::••

Creation of the Coast Observatory,
which brings together researchers
from CIGIDEN and other academic
institutions, with also representatives
from non-governmental organizations
and members of civil society. The aimof this observatory is to give rise to a
new Coastal Law for Chile. This year,
the observatory published two policy
papers related to coastal protection,
both promoting a new law to protect
coastal ecosystems and reduce
disaster risk.
Public commemoration of the 1730
earthquake in the city of Valparaíso. A
dozen simultaneous talks were held in
different schools in the risk zone,
reaching thousands of students. Latera scientific-citizen fair was held
exposing tsunamis, floods andearthquakes simulations. A policy
document
waspublished,andpresented during a seminar, on theimportance of discussing verticalevacuation as a mean to reduce risk
in case of a tsunami in the Chilean
coast.

•

To generate a space for discussion and exchangeof visions in disaster risk reduction, CIGIDEN held
the Sixth International Seminar. During the morning
session we presented “Risk and resilience of criticalsystems: science and public policy for disaster risk
reduction”; in the afternoon, our experts holds a
citizenconversation
about“Science
andcommunities in the context of global change”. The
seminar featured speakers from public andgovernmental institutions, non-profit organizations,members of the CIGIDEN’s International Advisory
Board and researchers from our scientific center.

•

Participation of CIGIDEN’s researchers at COP25,
held in Spain, with scientific talks about the impact
of climate change on the Chilean coast, disaster risk
management in the coastal zone and the urgent
need to protect coastal ecosystems in our country.

Dr. Rodrigo Cienfuegos
Director
E-mail: director@cigiden.cl

GADRI Annual Report 2019—30

GADRI Annual Report — Americas

Various publications of CIGIDEN:

Various workshops and conferences held during
2019 by CIGIDEN:GADRI Annual Report 2019—31

GADRI Annual Report — Americas

Pacific Earthquake Engineering Research(PEER) Center, University of California
Berkeley, USA
https://peer.berkeley.edu

PEER Annual Meeting at UCLA – Opening Remarks•

PEER started 2019 with organization of the
PEER Annual Meeting at the UCLA campus
with a participation of 200 attendees. Held on
January 17 & 18, 2019, this meeting
commemorated the 25th anniversary of theNorthridge
earthquake
withactiveparticipation from researchers, practitioners
and the city officials of Los Angeles.

•

PEER conducted the first image-based
structural damage recognition competition(PHI Challenge) in late 2018, and issued areport in 2019 summarizing the backgrounddevelopment and competition results. This
work highlights the pioneering work by PEER
researchers in the emerging field of Datadriven Decisions.

•

Following
successfulblindprediction
contests on resilient bridge columns andfoundation settlement, a new contest washeld in 2019 on rocking columns.

•

PEER continued the solicitation of proposals
and funded 11 projects in 2019, spanning a
range of topics consisting of new groundmotionmodeling
trends,resilientinfrastructure, modeling & simulation andtsunami research.

•

In 2019, PEER was awarded $4.9 million
from the California Energy Commission(CEC) to develop seismic risk assessment
tool for natural gas storage and transmission
systems.

•

In 2019, PEER researchers completed theexperimental work on the CEA project toquantify the seismic performance ofretrofitted homes. Furthermore, the Next
Generation Liquefaction (NGL) project isprogressing under the leadership of PEER
researchers at UCLA and UW.

GADRI Annual Report 2019—32

Prof. Khalid Mosalam
Director
E-mail: mosalam@berkeley.edu

GADRI Annual Report — Americas

PEER Annual Meeting at UCLA•

PEER added three (3) Educational Affiliates
in 2019: Southern Methodist University,
Carnegie Mellon University and University of
Alaska, Anchorage.

•

PEER signed several Memoranda ofUnderstanding (MOUs) with internationalorganizations, most notably with five (5)Japanese research institutions: National
Research Institute for Earth Science andDisaster Resilience (NIED), RIKEN Center for
Computational Science (R-CCS), Center for
Mathematical
ScienceandAdvanced
Technology(MAT/JAMSTEC),
Kobe
University Graduate School of Engineering(KU Engineering), and Kobe University
Research Center for Urban Safety andSecurity (RCUSS).

•

PEER issued a brochure titled “Expected
Earthquake Performance of Buildings
Designed to the California Building Code.”,with the objective of educating the generalpublic about the intentions of seismic
codes and clarifying the common
misunderstood aspects.

PEER Blind Prediction Winner
GADRI Annual Report 2019—33

GADRI Annual Report — Americas

Natural Hazards Center, University ofColorado, Boulder, USA
https://hazards.colorado.edu/
https://converge.colorado.edu/

In 2019, the Natural Hazards Center at the
University of Colorado Boulder launched the new
National Science Foundation (NSF)-funded
CONVERGE facility. CONVERGE is the newest
initiative of the Natural Hazards Engineering
Research Infrastructure (NHERI) for the UnitedStates. CONVERGE, which is led by principal
investigator Lori Peek, is dedicated to advancing
the ethical conduct and scientific rigor of extreme
events research. CONVERGE is home to the
Leadership Corps, which brings together the
principal investigators of the NHERI facilities that
support rapid response research and the NSFfunded
ExtremeEventsResearchandReconnaissance networks for geotechnicalengineering,socialsciences,
structural
engineering, nearshore science, operations andsystems engineering, sustainable materials
management, and interdisciplinary science andengineering. The CONVERGE research teamhas developed a series of free, online training
modules, briefing sheets, and check sheets toaccelerate the training of a diverse next
generation of hazards and disaster researchers.
CONVERGE has partnered with the RAPID
facility at the University of Washington toadvance social science and interdisciplinary
mobileapplicationsfordata
collection.
CONVERGE also has a subaward with the
DesignSafe cyberinfrastructure at the Universityof Texas Austin, which led to the development of
the first social science and interdisciplinary data

model for publishing social science andinterdisciplinary data, data collection instruments,
and research protocols for the hazards anddisaster field. For more information, visit: https://converge.colorado.edu/

Peek is also the principal investigator for the NSF-supported Social Science Extreme Events
Research(SSEER)
network
andtheInterdisciplinary
ScienceandEngineering
Extreme Events Research (ISEEER) network.
SSEER currently has nearly 1,000 members
globally. SSEER researchers and their expertiseis highlighted via an interactive map and platform
hosted on the CONVERGE website. ISEEER
offers best practice resources in the science ofteam science, convergence science, and forinterdisciplinary methods and approaches forhazards and disaster research. For more
information on SSEER, ISEEER, and the other
NSF-supported research networks, please see:https://converge.colorado.edu/research-networks.

Prof. Lori Peek
Director
E-mail: Lori.Peek@colorado.edu

GADRI Annual Report 2019—34

GADRI Annual Report — Americas

In addition to launching CONVERGE, theNatural Hazards Center has also advanced
and supported the development of several
other initiatives over the reporting period
including:••Serving as the Secretariat for the North
American Alliance of Hazards and Disaster
Research Institutes (NAAHDRI). https://naahdri.org/
Maintained a global map and list of
university-based hazards and disaster
research centers and published the dataassociated with the map and list. See:
https://hazards.colorado.edu/resources/
research-centers•

Co-developing the new English- andSpanish-language version of the Landslide
Guide for Residents of Puerto Rico. https://hazards.colorado.edu/research-projects/
puerto-rico-landslide-hazard-mitigationproject•

Hosting the 44th annual Natural Hazards
Research and Applications Workshop in
Broomfield, Colorado, which involved over
650 researchers, practitioners, and policy
makers.
https://hazards.colorado.edu/
workshop/index•

Co-facilitating the annual Researchers
Meeting in Broomfield, Colorado, which
involved over 250 hazards and disaster
researchers. https://hazards.colorado.edu/
workshop/2019/researchers-meeting/overview•

Publishing the Research Counts series aswell as a special collection of the
publication
focusedspecificallyonChildrenandDisasters.
https://
hazards.colorado.edu/news/researchcounts•

Publishing Disaster Research—News You
Can Use. https://hazards.colorado.edu/
disaster-research/current•

Hosting the Disaster Grads listserve forundergraduate and graduate students in
the hazards and disaster field. https://hazards.colorado.edu/signup

GADRI Annual Report 2019—35

GADRI Annual Report — Americas

Center for Risk-Based Community Resilience Planning
Colorado State University, USA
http://resilience.colostate.edu

The year 2019 was very exciting for the Center for
Risk-Based Community Resilience Planning. There
was a large number of accomplishments over the 13
university partnership headquartered at Colorado
State University, but the three major events were: (1)The December release of the Interdependent
Networked
Community
Resilience
Modeling
Environment (IN-CORE); (2) the formal submittal of
the five-year renewal proposal to NIST (which wasannounced in Feb 2020); and (3) the addition of a
new Co-Director Jamie Kruse, Professor of
Economics. Details for these two achievements
within the Center are provided below.
IN-CORE Release Information
After several years of development as part of the
NIST-funded Center for Risk-Based Community
Resilience Planning (CoE), the Interdependent
Networked Community Resilience Modeling
Environment (IN-CORE) is available for youruse in research, development, and modeling ofcommunities. It is open source and available on
GitHub (https://github.com/IN-CORE). Here is the
webpage on the CoE Colostate website which points
to the National Center for Supercomputing
Applications(NCSA)
website.
http://
resilience.colostate.edu/in_core.shtml
Here is thelink directly to the NCSA page: https://incore.ncsa.illinois.edu
Setting up an account iscompletely free and the Joplin tornado and Seaside
EQ-Tsunami example Jupyter notebooks can befound here: https://incore.ncsa.illinois.edu/doc/incore/
notebooks.html There is quite a bit more to see, so I
encourage you to explore the website and pages,
including the IN-CORE manual, etc. On the CoE
webpageat
http://resilience.colostate.edu/
in_core_publications.shtml, there is a listing of
published Journal paper abstracts which provides
more information on the breadth of community
resilience research that will find its way into IN-CORE
soon. Acknowledgments are available at: https://incore.ncsa.illinois.edu/doc/incore/acknowledgement.html

scienceis
implementedonaplatform
called Interdependent Networked Community Resilie
nceModeling
Environment(IN-CORE).
It
incorporates a risk-based approach to decisionmaking that enables quantitative comparisons ofalternative resilience strategies. On the IN-CORE
platform, data from the community can beseamlessly integrated which allows users to optimize
community disaster resilience planning and postdisaster recovery strategies intelligently using
physics-based models of inter-dependent physicalsystems combined with socio-economic systems.
IN-CORE consists of multiple components as shown
below:
pyIncore is a Python package consisting of three
primary components: 1) a set of service classes tointeract with the IN-CORE web services described
below, 2) IN-CORE analyses and 3) visualization.
The pyIncore allows users to apply various hazards
to infrastructure in selected areas, propagating theeffect of physical infrastructure damage and loss offunctionality to social and economic impacts. Referto pyIncore section for detailed information.
IN-CORE Web Services are written in Java with JAX-RS specification and are comprised of a Hazard
Service, DFR3 (Damage, Functionality, Repair,
Recovery, Restoration) Service, Data Service,
Geospatial Visualization Service, Semantic Service,and Space Service. These services allow users tocreate and access hazards, fragilities and data.
Users can access and utilize these services via
pyIncore and IN-CORE Web Tools. For detailed
information, please refer to the technical reference
document.

The National Institute of Standards and Technology(NIST) funded the Center of Excellence for RiskBased Community Resilience Planning (CoE)(Cooperative Agreement 70NANB15H044), todevelop the measurement science to support
community resilience assessment. The measurement
GADRI Annual Report 2019—36

Prof. John W. van de Lindt
Co-Director
E-mail: jwv@colostate.edu

GADRI Annual Report — Americas

IN-CORE Web Tools is a set of web viewers forinteracting with the different IN-CORE web services.
The
viewers
enableusers
tobrowse,search Datasets, Hazards, Fragility curves, Repair
curves, etc., view the metadata and visualizations, anddownload items allowed. For detailed information,please refer to the IN-CORE Web Tools section.
IN-CORE Lab is a customized Jupyter Lab
with pyIncore installed and hosted on a NCSA cloudsystem. It allows users to develop/run/test theirscientific model with pyIncore in their own workspace.
Example Jupyter notebooks are provided with eachpyincore analysis to help users get started and to help
them understand how to use the pyIncore. For detailed
information, please refer to the IN-CORE Lab section.
News Release Highlighting the Renewal
NIST renews partnership with CSU community
resilience center of excellence
How well and how quickly a community recovers
following a natural disaster depends on complex
interactions involving physical infrastructure and socioeconomic systems. Five years ago, a multidisciplinary
team of researchers funded by the National Institute ofStandards and Technology (NIST) formed a center of
excellence to improve community resilience. The
Center for Risk-Based Community Resilience Planning
developed the first quantitative assessment of all thedisparate factors necessary to prepare for, withstandand recover from a disaster. On Jan. 29, NIST
announced the center’s renewal for another five years,
tosupportapplicationof
its
science-based
measurement approach.
The first five years
In collaboration with 12 partner universities, theColorado State University-based center of excellencedeveloped a computational system that allows ananalyst to model a community and study the effect ofnatural hazards on community response and recovery.
More than 90 researchers, programmers, NIST
collaborators, postdoctoral scholars and graduate
students – with expertise in engineering, economics,
data and computing, and social sciences – contributed
to this tool, called IN-CORE, or the Interconnected
Networked
Community
Resilience
Modeling
Environment.
“The center of excellence has made great strides in thescience of measuring community resilience,” said CSU
civil
and
environmental
engineering Professor
John van deLindt, who co-directs
thecenterwith
CSU
Professor Bruce
Ellingwood and East Carolina
University
economics Professor Jamie Brown Kruse. “Prior to thecenter’s work over the last five years, resilience wasless quantitative.”

Engineers and social scientists previously had studied
resilience
separately,
fromdistinctly
different
disciplinary angles, but the center approached it
comprehensively by forming interdisciplinary teams at
the outset.
“Center investigators were among the first to achieve atruly interdisciplinary approach to community resilienceassessment,” noted Ellingwood.
The next five years“With the basic science well underway as part of thecomputational environment IN-CORE and its supporting
databases, it is now time to put science to work forsociety,” van de Lindt said.
As the center moves from science creation to
implementation, it will partner with four to six
communities to better understand what they need tomake resilience decisions when planning for natural
disasters. Using the knowledge they gain from thesepartnerships, the team will refine their models as they
develop the next release of IN-CORE in 2021, and thefinal release a few years later.
“Ultimately, our goal is for communities to understandthe resilience planning choices they have prior to
making them through measurement science,” van deLindt said. “Through our close cooperative agreement
and technical partnerships with NIST, we envision INCORE to be the preeminent community resilienceplanning tool in the U.S. and worldwide.”
As population and economic growth increase,especially in hazard-prone areas, and social andeconomic disparity widens, the need to ensure effective
recovery of communities following natural disasters isimperative.
“The center has informed our understanding of physicalinfrastructure, such as buildings and utilities, with social
science and economics to allow all to be modeled
together,” van de Lindt said. “Decisions are madebased on judgment, but the ability to inform decisions
with metrics that are proven, reliable and reproducible
will be the center’s biggest contribution to society.”
New Co-Director Announcement
Please join us in welcoming Dr. Jamie Kruse to the
CoE! Jamie’s expertise includes risk and decision
making,experimental
economics,
industrialorganization
andregulation,
naturalhazards
economics, insurance and risk mitigation, andinterdisciplinary research that integrates economic
analysis with engineering, ecology, and thegeosciences. She is the HCAS Distinguished Professorof Economics at Eastern Carolina University, North
Carolina, USA.

GADRI Annual Report 2019—37

GADRI Annual Report — Americas

Advanced Radar Research Center (ARRC)
University of Oklahoma, USA
https://arrc.ou.edu
1. The ARRC’s research expenditures were $9.2M in
FY2019 with funding from NSF, NOAA, NASA,
DARPA, ONR, AFRL, AFOSR, private industry, andothers.
2. Dr. Alexander Ryzhkov, ARRC faculty member and
CIMMS Senior Research Scientist, and Dr. Dusan
Zrnic, Senior Scientist and leader of the Doppler
Radar and Remote Sensing Research at the
National Severe Storms Lab, have co-authored abook titled “Radar Polarimetry for Weather
Observations” Published by Springer International
Publishing.
3. Multiple students won paper competition or researchawards:•Nicholas Peccarelli (PhD) was awarded 2nd place inthe student paper competition at the 2019 IEEE
International Symposium on Phased Array Systems
and Technology Conference.

•

Andrew Mahre (PhD) received the 2019
Weathernews Inc. (WNI) Scholarship, which wasestablished to enhance advanced research anddevelopmentofradar
technology
throughcollaboration between the university and private
industry.

•

Shajid Islam (PhD) received the Gallogly College ofEngineering Dissertation Excellence Award at the
University of Oklahoma.

•

Andrew Byrd (PhD) was awarded the 3rd place in thestudent competition of oral presentation at the AMS
39thInternational
Conferenceon
Radar
Meteorology.

•

Andrew Mahre (PhD) was awarded the 3rd place inthe student competition of poster presentation at the
AMS 39th International Conference on Radar
Meteorology.

•

Alexander Pham (undergraduate student) received
an honorable mention in the Three Minute Thesis(3MT) competition at the 2019 IEEE International
Microwave Symposium.

•

Russell Kenney (MS) received the 2 nd place in IEEE
Region 5 Student Paper Competition.

•

Eivy Arroyo-Diaz (MS) received the first place in thestudent paper competition at the 2019 IEEE
Wireless and Microwave Technology conference.

•

Casey Griffin was awarded the Best Student Poster
Presentation award at 2019 AMS annual meeting in
Phoenix, Arizona.

•

Eivy Arroyo-Diaz (MS) was awarded the third placein the student poster competition at the 2019 IEEE
Texas Symposium in Microwave and WirelessCircuits and Systems.

4. In 2019, theARRCcontinued
workingonthemobileC-bandpolarimetricatmosphericimaging radar(PAIR), which can offer unprecedented temporal
resolution and flexibility through digital beamforming(DBF). Specifically, PAIR is capable of transmitting a
fan beam and applying DBF to produce
simultaneous range height indicator (RHI) of
polarimetric variables. The PAIR has the potential tothe advancing the understanding of fast evolving
weather phenomena such as tornadoes, hurricanes,
cloud electrification, etc. and improving warning leadtime of severe and hazardous weather events. This
year, the active tile array prototype called thesubarray was fabricated and fully integrated, in
collaboration with RFcore. The major components
are (1) antenna subarray for transmission andreceiving electromagnetic energy including two 8x8
antenna arrays, TRMs and beamformers, (2) tile
controller for controlling power, data, etc, (3) coldplate for cooling, (4) interface board, and (5) housing
for all the components and cable harness. A pictureof the subarray front view is shown in the attachedfigure. The subarray is the building block of the PAIR
and the production of the subarray is an importantmilestone of the project.

GADRI Annual Report 2019—38

Prof. Tian-you Yu
Director of Operations
E-mail: tyu@ou.edu

Asia
Japan and Oceania

GADRI Annual Report 2019—39

Asia
Japan and Oceania

GADRI Annual Report 2019—40

GADRI Annual Report — Asia

Asia — Members
Bangladesh

Institute of Water and Flood Management (IWFM), Bangladesh University of Engineeringand Technology (BUET)

Bangladesh

Department of Disaster Science and Management (DSM), Faculty of Earth andEnvironmental Sciences, University of Dhaka

China

Center for Energy and Environmental Policy Research (CEEP), Beijing Institute ofTechnology (BIT)

China

Integrated Risk Governance Project (IRG-Project), State Key Lab of Earth Surface
Processes and Resource Ecology (ESPRE), Beijing Normal University

China

School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Chang'an University

China

Institute of Tibetan Plateau Research, Chinese Academy of Sciences (ITPCAS)

China

Beijing National Earth Observatory, China Earthquake Administration (CEA)

China

State Key Laboratory of Geo-hazards Prevention and Geo-environment Protection(SKLGP), Chengdu University of Technology

China

Key Laboratory of Coastal Disaster and Defence (KLCDD), Hohai University

China

Natural Disaster Research Institute, Northeast Normal University

China

College of Engineering, Ocean University of China

China

College of Architecture and Environment, Sichuan University (SCU)

China

Institute for Disaster Management and Reconstruction (IDMR), Sichuan University - The
Hong Kong Polytechnic University

China

State Key Laboratory of Hydraulics and Mountain River Engineering (SKLH), Sichuan
University

China

Shanghai Institute of Disaster Prevention and Relief, Tongji University

China

China Research Center for Emergency Management (CCEM), Wuhan University ofTechnology

Hong Kong, Hong Kong Academy of Medicine, Hong Kong Jockey Club, Disaster Preparedness and
China
Response Institute (HKJCDPRI)
India

Centurion University of Technology and Management (CUTM)

India

Department of Geography, Delhi School of Economics, University of Delhi

India

Disaster Mitigation and Management Centre (DMMC), Uttarakhand Secretariat

India

Humanities and Social Sciences Department, Indian Institute of Technology Bombay (IITB)

India

Research & Development, Indian Institute of Technology Gandhinagar (IITG)

India

Center of Excellence in Disaster Mitigation & Management, Indian Institute of Technology
Roorkee (IITR)

India

Jindal School of Liberal Arts and Humanities, O.P. Jindal Global University

India

School of Ecology and Environment Studies, Nalanda University

India

School of Planning and Architecture (SPA), Delhi

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GADRI Annual Report — Asia

Indonesia Brawijaya University
Indonesia Gadjah Mada University, Faculty of Engineering
Indonesia

Geological Agency (GA), Ministry of Energy and Mineral Resources of the Republic ofIndonesia

Indonesia JASA TIRTA I Public Corporation
Indonesia Research Center for Disaster Mitigation, Institut Teknologi Bandung (ITB)
IranInternational Institute of Earthquake Engineering and Seismology (IIEES)

IranSoil Conservation and Watershed Management Research Institute (SCWMRI), Agricultural
Research, Education and Extension Organization

Iran

Department of Environmental Science, Faculty of Natural Resources, University of Tehran

IsraelInstitute of Earth Sciences, The Hebrew University of Jerusalem (HUJ)

IsraelNational Knowledge and Research Center for Emergency Readiness, University of Haifa

Korea

International Water Resources Research Institute, Chungnam National University

Korea

Department of Disaster Prevention & Safety Engineering, Kangwon National University

Korea

Seoul National University

Korea

School of Urban & Environmental Engineering, Ulsan National Institute of Science andTechnology

Lao PDR Asia Research Center, National University of Laos (ARC-NUOL)
Lao PDR

Disaster Risk Reduction Division, Department of Climate Change (DCC), Ministry of Natural
Resource and Environment

Malaysia Institute for Environment and Development (LESTARI), University of Kebangsaan Malaysia
Malaysia

Center for Southeast Asia Disaster Prevention Research Initiative (SEADPRI-UKM),
Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia (UKM)

Malaysia Universiti Sains Malaysia (USM)
Malaysia Universiti Tenaga National (UNITEN)
Malaysia Centre for Coastal and Ocean Engineering (COEI), Universiti Technologi Malaysia (UTM)
Malaysia

Centre for Environmental Sustainability and Water Security (IPASA), Research Institute for
Sustainable Environment, Universiti Technologi Malaysia (UTM)

Malaysia

Malaysia Japan International Institute of Technology (MJIIT), Universiti Technologi Malaysia(UTM)

Malaysia Disaster Management Institute (DMI), Universiti Utara Malaysia (UUM)
Myanmar Emergency Operations Centre, Department of Disaster Management
Nepal

International Centre for Integrated Mountain Development (ICIMOD)

Nepal

Institute of Engineering, Tribhuvan University

Oman

German University of Technology in Oman (GUTech)GADRI Annual Report 2019—42

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Philippines PEMSEA Resource Facility, Partnerships in Environmental Management for Seas of East Asia
Philippines R&D, Graduate School, Philippine School of Business Administration
Philippines

National Hydraulic Research Center, National Engineering Center, University of the Philippines,
Diliman Campus

Philippines University of the Philippines Resilience Centre (UPRI)
Philippines Philippine Society of Emergency Medical Technicians
Sri Lanka

Central Engineering Consultancy Bureau (CECB)

Sri Lanka

Center for Urban Water (CUrW)

Sri Lanka

National Building Research Organisation (NBRO)

Sri Lanka

Sri Lanka Institute of Information Technology (SLIIT)

ChineseTaipeiNational Center for Research on Earthquake Engineering (NCREE), National Applied ResearchLaboratories

ChineseTaipeiTaiwan Typhoon and Flood Research Institute (TTFRI), National Applied Research Laboratories

ChineseTaipeiDisaster Prevention Research Center (DPRC), National Cheng-Kung University (NCKU)

ChineseTaipeiTainan Hydraulics Laboratory (THL), National Cheng Kung University (NCKU)

ChineseTaipeiNational Science and Technology Center for Disaster Reduction (NCDR)

ChineseTaipeiCenter for Weather Climate and Disaster Research (WCDR), National Taiwan University

Tajikistan

Mountain Societies Research Institute (MSRI), University of Central Asia

ThailandGlobal Environmental Studies/Management, Asian Disaster Preparedness Center (ADPC)

ThailandDisaster Preparedness, Mitigation and Management (DPMM), Asian Institute of Technology (AIT)TurkeyKandilli Observatory and Earthquake Research Institute, Bogazici University

Vietnam

Department of Geo-Environment, VietNam National University (VNU), Hanoi

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Institute of Water and Flood Management (BUET)
Bangladesh University of Engineering andTechnology,Bangladesh
http://iwfm.buet.ac.bd/site/

The most important successes during this periodof 2019 were JICA, DECCMA, CDKN Delta,
Ichamoti, WARPO projects. Under the Japanese
Government Science and Technology ResearchPartnership for Sustainable Development(SATREPS) program, JICA project aims to
improve the economy and living conditions of therural people of Bangladesh by increasing thecapability of flood and storm surge disasterprevention and mitigation at the same timeenhancing the relevant knowledge througheducation, training and research. Kyoto
University, Japan and IWFM, BUET, Bangladesh
are jointly conducting this collaborative research
program. The Japan Science and Technology
Agency (JST) and the Japan International
Cooperation Agency (JICA) are funding this fiveyear research program.
Many journal andconference articles related to these ventures are
already published.

The DECCMA project is funded under IDRC-Canada
and DFID-UK's CARIAA programme, with IWFM
collaborating as Lead Bangladeshi Partner with UK,
Ghana and India partners. The project aims toinvestigate how people in three deltas in South Asia
(GBM and Mahanadi deltas) and Africa (Volta delta)
respond to the physical effects of climate change, suchas rising sea level, in addition to socio-economic
pressures. This aims at developing methods forforecasting how these three deltas will change over the
next 50 to 100 years and providing policymakers with theknowledge and tools to ensure that future policies will
optimize planning services and programs for the benefitof the population of the region.

Prof. Munsur Rahman
E-mail: mmrahman@iwfm.buet.ac.bd

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There is a particular focus on the potential
benefits of planned migration versus otheradaptation choices. This project also contains
books and various publications. CDKN Delta
is a project that aims to test the adaptation
requirements identified in the DECCMA
research project for the coastal region of
Bangladesh on the ground and outlines apolicy brief for the Bangladesh Delta Plan
2100 based on the findings. There havealready been two field trips. There were twoworkshop and meeting with policy makers to
introduce this project and model ofadaptation. The fundamental target of theworkshop is to present the adaptation modelwith policy makers and to update theassessed adaptation options to support thedemand for climate finance at the national
level. There are many positive feedbacks to
GADRI Annual Report 2019—45

continue this project and there are manysuggestions to improve the outputs. Throughtraining workshops and meetings, the model
outputs are successfully explored to thestakeholders clearly of various departments
and they are highly interested to implement
the model in future. Ichamoti project willassesstechnical
viability,
economic
feasibility, environmental acceptance andsocial benefits for revival of flow throughIchamoti River in Pabna district. The goal ofthis ongoing project is to re-establish the
Ichamoti River connection with the mighty
GangesRiver,
test
variousoptions(considering ' with ' and ' without ' proposedin the Ganges Barrage Project's Feasibility
Study) to maintain the Ichamoti as a flowing
channel throughout the year.

GADRI Annual Report — Asia

Integrated Risk Governance Project (IRG-Project), StateKey Lab of Earth Surface Processes and Resource
Ecology (ESPRE), Beijing Normal University, China
http://ceep.bit.edu.cn/english/

In 2019, IRG Project initiated and co-organized two
important international conferences in China, i.e., theHigh Level Forum on Plateau Sciences andSustainable Development held in Xi’ning, from July
12 to 13, and the International Symposium on Green
Development and Integrated Risk Governance washeld in Shenzhen from October 13 to 14. Bothconferences invited experts, scholars and senior
officials from various countries and internationalorganizations with a focus on exploring the ways toincorporate the disaster risk reduction into the climatechange adaptation and sustainable development.

development strategy of Shenzhen, Hong Kong and
Macau, and the international, national and regional
development strategy of the Great Bay area of
Guangdong, Hong Kong and Macau were discussed
by senior executives of finance, information
technology, insurance with experts and scholars in
the academic community under the context of thechallenges and opportunities of development andresponse to disaster risk.

As the first high-level forum on plateau science andsustainable development, it garnered a highspecification, large scale and wide influence withmore than 1000 participants from 11 countries. Withthe theme of "gathering talents' intelligence andserving the development of the plateau", the forum
launched multi form and in-depth dialogues andexchanges in various fields such as plateau
education, plateau history and culture, plateau
resources and environment, plateau bioecology,
plateau health, plateau disaster prevention andmitigation, and plateau digital economic development.
At the International Symposium in Shenzhen, the

GADRI Annual Report 2019—46

Prof. YE, Qian
E-mail: qianye@bnu.edu.cn

GADRI Annual Report — Asia

Institute of Tibetan Plateau Research, Chinese
Academy of Sciences (ITPCAS), China
http://ceep.bit.edu.cn/english/

Signing of the Agreement of Cooperation between Disaster Prevention
Research Institute (DPRI), Kyoto University, Japan; and the Institute of Tibetan
Plateau Research, Chinese Academy of Sciences (ITPCAS), China

DPRI (Disaster Prevention Research Institute,
Kyoto University) and ITPCAS have signed acooperation agreement since 2009. Since then, thetwo sides carried out fruitful collaborative research
activities. After negotiations between the two sides,
DPRI representative professors were invited tovisit ITPCAS in July 2019. They jointly held aseminar and signed a new round of cooperationagreement.
Under the financial support by DPRI, Prof. Bai fromITPCAS led a study on the 2015 Gorkha Nepal
Mw7.8 earthquake. They found that Lateralvariation of the Main Himalayan Thrust controls the
rupture length of the 2015 Gorkha earthquake in
Nepal. This paper is published in the Journal
Science Advances.

Prof. James Mori from DPRI, Prof. Ling Bai fromITPCAS (No. 29W-03)

Publications:• Bai, L., Klemperer, S. L., Mori, J., Karplus, M.
S., Ding, L., Liu, H., Li, G., Song, B., Dhakal, S.,
2019. Lateral variation of the Main Himalayan
Thrust controls the rupture length of the 2015
Gorkha earthquake in Nepal. Science Advances
5, eaav0723.

Ongoing Project:• International research project supported by
DPRI, Study of the 2015
Mw7.8
Nepal
earthquake usingnear-field seismic
data,Primary
investigator:

Prof. Yaoming Ma
E-mail: ymma@itpcas.ac.cn

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Natural Disaster Research Institute (NDRI)
Northeast Normal University, China
http://ndri.nenu.edu.cn/

Participated in China-Japan disaster prevention expert forum, Chengduo, China, 2019.10.15-17

In 2019, a few of our activities include:
1. The Innovation Base of Application of Jilin Risk
assessment and prevention of agriculturalmeteorological disasters by Department of
ScienceandTechnologyof
Jilin
province .2019.08.
2. The National Key Research and Development
Program of China: Research on meteorologicaldisaster risk assessment and safeguard
technology of main economic crops .2019.122023.12.
3. The International (Regional) Cooperation andExchange Programs of National Natural
Science Foundation of China: Risk warningand information sharing of forest and grassland
fire disaster in Mongolian Plateau under the
background of climate change.2020.012020.12.

Technology Development Plan for Jilin
province: Study on key technologies of risk
assessment and comprehensive restoration ofpolluted urban sites. 2019.01-2021.12.
6. Geological Hazard Risk Assessment andEmergency Resources Survey of Jilin
Province:2019.06-2019.12.
7. Over 25 academic papers related to disasters
were published in high-level international
academic journals.
8. Invited 10 experts in the field of disaster fromthe United States and other countries to
conduct academic exchanges and cooperative
research.

4. Key Scientific and Technological Research andDevelopment Projects of Science andTechnology Development Plan for Jilin
province: Development of fine dynamic early
warning technology and information sharing
platform of maize drought disaster risk in Jilin
province. 2019.01-2021.12.
5. Key Scientific and Technological Research andDevelopment Projects of Science and
GADRI Annual Report 2019—48

Prof. Jiquan Zhang
Director
E-mail: zhangjq022@nenu.edu.cn

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College of Architecture and Environment
Sichuan University (SCU), China
http://www.scu.edu.cn/acem/

In 2019, there are 25 earthquakes with themagnitudes above four occurred in Sichuan
Province of China. The research team held aworkshop on "Engineering Resilience andDisaster Prevention in Seismically Active Areas"in Chengdu in July 2019.Six domestic and foreign
experts were invited to exchange ideas anddiscuss related fields such as earthquake
disasters, monitoring and early warning, seismic
isolation and mitigation, and the novel materials
for earthquake engineering. Along with thisworkshop, the Department of Civil Engineering ofSichuan University held in Chengdu in July 2019
“International Exchange Camp” activity. Four

professors from the United States and Canada
were invited to the summer program. For
courses, including Engineering Risk Analysis,
Structural
HealthMonitoring,
Advanced
Experimental
TechniquesforEarthquake
Engineering, and Finite Element Method were
given by Professor Solomon Tesfamariam,
Professor Shen-En Chen Professor Cheng Chen,
and Professor Ashraf El Damatty, respectively.
Around 300 students and engineers have been
participated in these activities.

Prof. Kaoshan Dai
Chair
E-mail: kdai@scu.edu.cn

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Institute for Disaster Management andReconstruction, Sichuan University (SCU), China
http://www.idmr.scu.edu.cn/

Notable accomplishments of IDMR in 2019 include:1) continuing to build our international initiatives; 2)taking new leadership roles in China at the national
and provincial levels, and; 3)x designing our new
undergraduate curriculum.

With respect to international initiatives, we
continued to work on four main initiatives, and to
focus on increasingly integrating our various
leadership contributions.
These include: ourleading role with the Himalayan University
Consortium on their Thematic Working Group on
Disaster Risk Reduction and Resilience (incollaboration with 20 universities and ICIMOD); ourcollaborations on youth and young professionals in
DRR research, which includes a major focus on the
U-INSPIRE movement, catalyzed by the UNESCO
Jakarta Office, with support from UNDRR andIRDR; our collaboration with the Chinese Academyof Sciences Institute for Mountain Hazards and theEnvironment (IMHE) on disaster risk reduction on
the silk roads, and; most importantly, our work with

the High-Level Panel of Experts and Leaders on
Water and Disasters (HELP).
We brought participants of all four of these major
efforts together in a set of overlapping meetings at
IDMR, from June 30 – July 6, 2019, under thebroad umbrella of a meeting sponsored by the
Chinese Ministry of Education on “Models forMultinational Collaboration on Disaster Risk
Reduction and Response”.

GADRI Annual Report 2019—50

Prof. Gretchen Kalongi
Dean
E-mail: Gretchen.kalonji@qq.com

GADRI Annual Report — Asia

This included the first steering committee meetingof the Alliance of Alliances on Research and
Education on Water and Disasters (AoA), cochaired by IDMR Dean Gretchen Kalonji and Prof.
Toshio Koike, of ICHARM, which was successful
in determining basic strategic directions for the
AoA in the future, including a major focus on youth
in DRR research. In December 2019, IDMR
hosted a major conference on “Youth and Young
Professionals in Disaster Risk Reduction
Research: Mobilizing Youth through International
Collaboration”, in which young researchers from30 countries participated and generated plans for
future actions. On other international fronts, Dean
Kalonji was successful in her work with
Academician Cui Peng to gain recognition from the
Chinese Academy of Sciences as Co-Directors of
an initiative on DRR in belt and road countries
called ANSO-DRR. At the global level, IDMR also
contributed to the Fourth UN General AssemblySpecial Thematic Session on Water and Disasters,
convened by HELP in June 2019. Kalonji spoke tothe assembly on the roles of higher education on
disaster risk reduction and response.

IDMR also made major progress in 2019 on ourleadership roles in China and in Sichuan Province.
We were successful in being awarded a provincial
key laboratory, under the Ministry of Emergency
Management of Sichuan Province, on “Integrated
Disaster Mitigation and Emergency Management”.
On the national level, we worked together with theInstitute of Disaster Reduction (Hebei), on coorganizing two meetings, involving multiple
universities from throughout China and active
participation from the national Ministry of
Emergency Management and the Ministry of
Education, to discuss China’s needs forundergraduate degree programs related todisasters. In this regard, IDMR is very excitedabout the design of its new undergraduate degree
program on “Integrated Disaster Sciences andManagement”, which will promote new models ofmultidisciplinary,multinational,
project-based
education in disaster risk reduction and response,in collaboration with our closest partner
universities worldwide.

Dean Kalonji was successful in her work with Academician CuiPeng to gain recognition from the Chinese Academy of
Sciences as Co-Directors of an initiative on DRR in belt
and road countries called ANSO-DRR.

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Hong Kong Jockey Club Disaster
Preparedness and Response Institute(HKJCDPRI), Hong Kong, China
http://www.hkjcdpri.org.hk/

Professional Development

Education theatre was used to educate primary school students.

The HKJCDPRI develops capacity
building programmes for care providers
to enhance their knowledge and skills
requiredfordisaster
response.
HKJCDPRI’s leadership development
courses highlight the importance of
critical decision making and effective
communication and coordination skills
foremergency
operations.
The
HKJCDPRI utilises different teachingmodalities including online learning,
Virtual Reality (VR) simulation, table-top
exercises and case sharing for blended
learning.

Housed in and led by the Hong
Kong Academy of Medicine, theHong Kong Jockey Club Disaster
Preparedness
andResponse
Institute (HKJCDPRI) was set up in2014 with an aim to build a disasterresilient community in Hong Kong.

With our partners from various
sectors including the academia,
government
departments,
andcommunityorganisations,the
HKJCDPRI provides a platform forcomprehensive training, capacity
building, research, policy discussion
andknowledge
exchangetoenhance our knowledge in building
resilience in the community.

Ms. Eva Lam
Director
E-mail: hkjcdpri@hkam.org.hk

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Community Engagement
The HKJCDPRI collaborates withdifferent
organisations
andschoolson“Community
Campaign
onDisaster
Resilience” to deliver publicawarenessandeducation
campaigns, tailored to thespecific potential hazards thecommunity is facing.
During this year, the HKJCDPRI
launched two pilot disastereducation
programmes
forkindergartensandprimary
The HKJCDPRI representative, Ms Tiffany Yeung, presented onschools.
The
two
pilot
“Typhoon Preparedness Measures of the Hong Kong Public forprogrammes aimed to raise the
Typhoon Mangkhut that hit Hong Kong in 2018.
awareness of children on risks of
disasters; to acquire safety
Research Studies
habits; to develop suitable attitudes and behaviors incase of emergencies and to develop basic skills in
The HKJCDPRI and working partners collaborate in
response to emergencies.
conducting disaster preparedness related research
The HKJCDPRI also joined hands with partner
NGOs to strengthen the capacities of the specificgroups of population living in vulnerable
environments
includingpeopleoflowersocioeconomic status. Through a wide range ofeducational and environment improvement activities
specifically designed for the target population, suchas community education booths, door-to-door visit,
safety equipment installation and collaborative
meetings with different levels of community partners,
disaster preparedness awareness and coping
mechanisms among target communities wereenhanced.

and initiating policy discussion. Research and policy
brief papers were produced for multi-sectoral
stakeholders to discuss global issues of disaster risk
reduction, local and regional preparedness,
community resilience, and also to develop,
implement and evaluate related policies.

Roundtable Discussion withpanelists from
the
Civil
Engineering and Development
Department, the Hong Kong
Fire Services Department,
Hong
Kong
Polytechnic
University, the Hong Kong
Red Cross, the Peak Re
Company
andthe100
Resilience Cities of theRockefeller Foundation.

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Centurion University of Technology and Management
India
https://www.cutm.ac.in

Cyclone Fani
(3rd May 2019, Odisha, India)

Aftermath of Cyclone FANI, Source: The Hindu, Date: 6th May, 2019

1. Context
The current report briefly describes the immediate
impact of very severe tropical cyclone, named ‘Fani’,that made landfall at 8.12 AM on 3rd May 2019 at Puri,
Odisha, East Coast of India. The Category 4 cyclone
had an estimated maximum sustained surface windspeed of 175-185 km/hr, gusting to 210 km/hr. Alongthe path it moved through the densely populated
coastal Odisha, affecting 16.5 million in 14 districts,
with severe destruction of life and property in the
districts of Puri, Khurdha, Cuttack, Jagatsinghpr andKendrapara.

Fani evolved from a depression in Indian Ocean, on
the west of Sumatra on 26th April 2019. It maintained
its intensity after crossing the sea, even after aninteraction with land, and did not cause heavy rainfall.
Its track remained closer to Odisha coast during its
lifespan of 11 days, in the sea and land put together.

Ms. Payal Nayak
Assistant Professor
E-mail: drrindia@cutm.ac.in

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GADRI Annual Report — Asia

strategy
throughregularannouncements in electronic, print
and social media. 2.6 million text
messages were sent to warn about
the cyclone. Fishermen wereasked to refrain from the sea from30th April night.

3. Immediate Impact

Satellite image of Fani intensifying in the Bay of Bengal(National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration, 1 st
May 2019). Source: Dhaka Tribune, Date:2 nd May, 2019

In spite of such huge evacuationand communication, the state
witnessed a loss of 64 precious
human lives, 8 million livestock, 10
milliontrees,
electricity,
telecommunication
androad
infrastructure and other property.

2. Pre-Cyclone Initiatives
Till 27th of May, 2019, the Indian
Meteorological
Department(IMD) did not predict any major
impact on Odisha. However, The
Joint Typhoon Warning Center(JTWC) suggested possible
impact of the cyclone on the
Odisha. IMD issued warnings on
30th of May, 2019 predicting that
Fani
would
likelymove
northwestwards from its position
and recurve towards Odisha
coast.
Skymetpredicted
intensification of Fani while itgained latitude.

Ripped off coconut farms in Puri District.

More than 1.2 million people
Source: New Indian Express, Date: 10th May, 2019from 14 coastal and interior
districts were evacuated to 900 cyclone sheltersin 24 hours creating a record history. People
Loss of Agriculture and agriculture based
were informed about the cyclone and coping
livelihood
The estimated damage to standing crops has
been pegged at US$ 20 million, besides
destruction of storage facilities and harvested
crops. About 150,000 hectares of agriculturalland has been affected by the cyclone. About
30,000 hectares of horticulture land withperennial crops such as mango, cashew,
coconut and betel vine have been affected.
These crops are relatively more valuable andwere still standing in the field when the cyclone
hit. Infrastructure used for floriculture, such as
greenhouses, drip irrigation and sprinkler
systems, have also taken a heavy hit.
Police officer requesting a resident to evacuate(Source: Outlook India, Date: 4th May, 2019).

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Aftermath of Cyclone, Devastation of electrical infrastructure
Source: Outlook India, Date: 7th May, 2019

Loss of non-farm livelihood
The cyclone has also destroyed the livelihood ofcraftsmen, who depended on natural products
such as coir (for handicraft) and natural dyes (forpainting) derived from trees. Tourism has got
major blow. Over 600 hotels buzzing with tourists
during summer days are mostly unoccupied. At
the same time in previous year, 129 hotels in Puri
had accounted for 84,000 summer tourists. The
debris,damagedhotelsandelectricity
infrastructure has brought down tourists to almost
nil in the city. As far as fishermen are concerned
their livelihood has gone due to loss of boats andfishing equipment.

Loss of infrastructure
The Odisha government has estimated Fani
induced physical infrastructure loss at US$ 1700
million. It includes half a million houses, roads,
culverts, electricity poles and wires, street lights,
drains, community centers, town halls, parks, etc.
200,000 electric poles, 5030 km of 33 kV lines,
38613 km of 11 kV lines, 79485 km of low tension
lines and 64304 distribution transformers arereportedly damaged. 2000 telecommunication
towers have

4. Relief and Restoration Initiatives
44 teams of National Disaster Response Force,
20 teams of Odisha Disaster Rapid Action Force,
525 teams of Fire Services and 8 teams of
Odisha Forest Development Corporation were
deployed for eearch and rescue, tree cutting androad clearance in the affected areas.

200 gang men from Andhra Pradesh and 50 eachfrom Telangana and West Bengal were engaged
in the restoration of the electric poles. Heavy duty
generators were engaged by Public Works
Department to supply drinking water, since water
storage and treatment facilities were majorly hit
due to uprooting of trees.
Because of devastated telephone towers, HAM
radio and satellite phones, were used tocommunicate with district headquarters. As relief
measures for affected populations, rolls ofpolythene, food items, and survival kits were
distributed by the state, market and civil society
organisations.

been damaged. (Hindu, 15th May, 2019).

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5. Concluding Remarks

Reference

The state of Odisha, on the eastern seaboard ofIndia, with 480 km of coastline, 11 major river
systems and the geo-climatic conditions isvulnerable to different disasters such as floods,
cyclones, droughts and heat waves. It has been
witnessing a growing intensity of frequentdisasters over the past 50 years.

•

IAGO (2019), Cyclone FANI - Joint Rapid Needs
Assessment Report, In The Aftermath Of
Cyclone
Fani
In
Odisha-May
2019.
(Unpublished)•https://indianexpress.com/article/explained/
simply-put-why-fani-is-an-unusual-cyclonic-storm-5705562/•

https://indianexpress.com/article/india/cyclonefani-odisha-kolkata-andhra-pradesh-5709800/•

https://www.ndtv.com/india-news/odishagovernment-says-cyclone-fani-caused-rs-525crore-infrastructure-damage-2037725•

https://www.news18.com/news/india/cyclone-fani-has-snatched-our-livelihood-taken-us-20-yearsbehind-say-chilika-fishermen-2150891.html•

https://www.news18.com/news/india/cyclone-fani-has-snatched-our-livelihood-taken-us-20-yearsbehind-say-chilika-fishermen-2150891.html•

https://economictimes.indiatimes.com/news/
politics-and-nation/cyclone-fani-six-things-youshould-know/articleshow/69151302.cms•

https://www.thestatesman.com/india/fani-lifespan-longest-among-tropical-cyclones-bay-bengal1502755176.html•

http://www.newindianexpress.com/nation/2019/
may/03/lighting-kills-8-in-uttar-pradesh1972176.html•

https://www.dhakatribune.com/around-theweb/2019/05/02/how-cyclone-fani-got-its-name•https://thewire.in/environment/cyclone-fani-death-toll-in-odisha-rises-to-64

The ‘zero casualty’ policy of the country has been
driving the state’s disaster management strategy
and it has done a commendable job in issuing
early warnings and evacuations of vulnerable
people.

However, there is a need to strengthen its postdisaster restoration and rehabilitation strategies. It
can be strengthened through building of strong
community-based institutions and developing
robust linkages with government departments.
While the pre-disaster operations are mostly
centralized due to the nature of its interventions
requiring prompt actions, rehabilitation andrestoration lacked considerable state and civilsociety partnership. It was reported that food relief
was not received by some areas even after 48
hours and the communities and civil society
agencies came forward to fill the gap. These
groups have the potential to supplement thehumungous task of relief and restoration during
and post-disasters, because of their proximity,
local knowledge and voluntary spirit.

Finally, there is a large need to develop context
specific knowledge, and affordable disaster
resilient technology and infrastructure to deal withthe frequent occurring of cyclones in thiseconomically backward coastal state in the longrun, if it has to come out of the vicious cycle ofdisaster and economic underdevelopment.

ReliefDistribution
Nimapada
Block,
Districtat
Puri

Source: Payal Nayak,
CUTM, Date:17th of May,
2019

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Centre of Excellence in Disaster Mitigation &Management Indian Institute of Technology (IIT)
Roorkee, India
https://www.iitr.ac.in/centers/COEDMM/ pages/Home.html

1. The Centre has organized the 8th
Asia Pacific Hydrology andWater Resources Conference(APHW2019) conference during
21-23 November, 2019 on“Emergingtechnologies
inUrban Water Management”. The
conference provided the global
vision of being among the global
leaders that provide engineeringandtechnologicalsolutions
toward establishing integrated
methodologies
fordisasterprevention based on natural andsocial sciences, and educating
students
inrelatedfields.
DepartmentofScience&Technology (DST) India, Japan Society ofHydrology and Water Resources, Japan-AsianScience Technology and Innovation Platform
and National Disaster Management, Authority,
Government of India sponsored the event.

2. The conference champions the APHW
global vision of being “among the global
leaders that provide engineering andtechnological solutions toward establishingintegrated methodologies for disasterprevention on the basis of natural andsocial sciences, and educating students inrelated fields”. The aim of this was tointeract and explore in order to evolve moreof such technologies, and methods that will
help mitigate and reduce urban water
disaster risks.

8th Asia Pacific Hydrology and Water Resources ConferenceProf. Mahua Mukherjee
Director
E-mail: coe_dmm@iitr.ac.in

GADRI Annual Report 2019—58

GADRI Annual Report — Asia

3. The Centre has established D’
CONSCIENTIA’19
with
the
aim
of
conducting educational programme, cuttingedge research and training on Disasters,
Vulnerability and Mitigation with thecollaboration of ESRI, TARU and RMSI on
August 2019.

4. Our Centre organized the UN-SPIDER International
Training Course on “Space-based Information System
for Ecosystem-based Disaster Risk Reduction (EcoDRR)”, 25 – 29 November 2019 in IIT Roorkee,
Uttarakhand, India. The outcomes of the training course
will elaborate the role of Earth observation in theimplementation of the Sendai Framework on Disaster
Risk Reduction 2015-2030.

5. The Centre has conducted the National Level
Training Programme on Climate Change, Hill
Area
Development
andLandslides
Management sponsored by NIDM on 05-07
December 2019. The main objectives of thistraining course• To develop better understanding about
Disaster Risk Reduction and Resilience(DRR&R).
• To develop solutions for development of hilly
terrains and mitigation and management ofrecurring disasters.
• To initiate activities on formulation of disastermanagement plan for their functional andgeographical regimes.

6. International day for disaster risk reduction was celebrated through a weeklong program (6 -11 October2019) in our center in which three events were organized. Collage Competition based on theme“Technological Intervention in Disaster Mitigation Community Strategy in Disaster Resilience”, “90-Sec Concept Challenge” and Expert Lecture based on theme“Disaster Risk Reduction”.

GADRI Annual Report 2019—59

GADRI Annual Report — Asia

2019 and brought the issue of the BlueGreen Infrastructure for Discussion in
Eco-DRR and City Resilience Session.
• IDMR, Sichuan University,
during 30 June- 4 July, 2019.

CoEDMM Head Mahua Mukherjee with Mami Mizutori,
SRSG in GPDRR, 2019

Presence ofPlatforms:

the

CoEDMM

inInternational• GADRI Board Meeting in March, 2019; Approvalfor GADRI Book Series Volume on EcoDRR waspresented for discussion and later approved.
• Attended Science and Technology Advisory
Group Meeting at UN Office in Geneva organized
by UNDRR during 13-14 May, 2019

China

• UnitedNations
International
ConferenceonSpace-based
Technologies for Disaster Risk Reduction"A
PolicyPerspective"
andCommemoration of 10 Years of UNSPIDER Beijing Office, 11-12 September
2019, Beijing, China• UNOOSA’s International Charter PM
Training on 10th September, 2019 in
NDRCC, Beijing China• Workshop on Building Disaster and Climate
Resilience in Cities during 15-16 October 2019organized by the Asian Network on Climate
Science and Technology (ANCST) coordinated by
SEADPRI Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, in
Kuala Lumpur, Malayasia• Asia-Pacific Science, Technology and Academia
Advisory Group (APSTAAG) Board Meeting on 16-17 October 2019 in Kuala Lumpur.

• UNDRR’s Global Platform Conference, 2019 in
Geneva organized by UNDRR during 15-17 May,

Students and Scholars’ Corner:

1. 2 Ph.Ds. and 10 M.Tech. Degrees have been
awarded in 2019.
2. Kumar Abhinay,M. Tech 2nd Year Student, from
CoEDMM, got the DAAD fellowship for his
Graduate dissertation in TU Dresden.
3. Praveen Kumar Singh is doing his research
work in collaboration with ICMOD Nepal.
4. A.Mugesh – Best Presentation Award in Indian
Geotechnical Conference (IGC) conduct by NITSurat on 19/12/2019 to 21/12/2019.
5. Shivani Chouhan –Best Poster Award in
National Mission on Himalayan Studies (NMHS)
on 26/08/2019 to 27/08/2019.
6. Ganesh Kumar presented paper in theInternational Workshop on Climate Change andExtreme Events in Himalayan Region on the
topic “Augmentation of Snow Drift for Water
Resource and Avalanche Hazard Managementin Himalayan Passes” at Indian Institute ofTechnology Mandi, Himachal Pradesh, India on
18-20 April 2019.

7. Ganesh Kumar presented paper in theInternational Symposium on Snow Avalanches &Mitigation Strategies (SAMS) on the topic“Simulation of Wind Flow across Snowdrift
Control Structures” at Snow and Avalanche
Study Establishment SASE RDC, DRDO, HIM
PARISAR on 07 – 09 July 2019.
8. Jaydeo K. Dharpure presented paper in IndiaUK Water Centre Workshop on Science andInnovation for Catchment Management in
Understanding the spatial differences interrestrial water storage variations in the Indus,
Ganga, and the Brahmaputra river basin at
University of Warwick, UK on 8th – 10th May
2019
9. Sangeeta and Jeevan Madapala selected for
IRDR Young Scientists.
10. Sangeeta attended "International School on
Landslide Risk Assessment and Mitigation(LARAM)in University of Lausanne(Switzerland) during
2-13 September 2019.

GADRI Annual Report 2019—60

GADRI Annual Report — Asia

11. Shubham Awasthi presented paper in PolInSAR
2019, Frascati on the topic “Forest biophysicalparameters retrieval using L-band airborne multibaseline UAVSAR datasets” at European Space
Agency, ESRIN, Frascati, Italy from 28th January
to 1st February 2019.
12. Shubham Awasthi attended 1st International
Conference on Unmanned Aerial System in
Geomatics (UASG-2019), IIT Roorkee Noida
Campus, Greater Noida, 6th and 7th of April 201913. Shubham Awasthi presented paper in IEEE
Geoscience and Remote Sensing Symposium on
the topic “PSINSAR based land deformation
based disaster monitoring using Sentinel-1
datasets” at Yokohama, Japan from July 28-2
August, 2019.
14. Vickyson Naorem presented paper in World
Congress on Disaster Management (WCDM2019) on the topic “Assessment of Green
Vegetation Cover and Impervious Surface for
Shaping the Future with Reference to Kakching,
Manipur, India” at Mumbai from 29th January –1st February, 2019.
15. Vickyson Naorem presented paper in 4th Global
Summit of Research Institute for Disaster Risk
Reduction (4th GSRIDRR) on the topic“Transforming Flood Risk Management: A Caseof Kakching, Manipur, India” at, Kyoto, Japan from13th – 15th March, 2019.
16. Vickyson Naorem presented paper in 1st
International Conference on Unmanned Aerial
System in Geomatics on the topic “Comparing
Sensors for Feature Extraction” at IIT Roorkee
Noida Campus from 6th – 7th April 2019.
17. Vickyson Naorem attended International Training
Workshop on Natural Disaster Reduction (ITW) at
Taiwan from 25-27 June,2019.
18. Tanu Gupta presented paper in IEEE International
Conference on Systems, Man and Cybernetics(SMC) on the topic “A Deep-CNN Based

Framework to Detect Abnormal Crowd-Motion
Behavior in Videos for Predicting Crowd Disaster”
at Bari, Italy from 6-8 October, 2019.
19. Tanu Gupta presented paper in IEEE International
Conference on Systems, Man and Cybernetics(SMC) on the topic “A Web-based Tool for
Disaster Relief Logistics with Vehicle RoutePlanning.", at Bari, Italy from 6-8 October, 2019.
20. Aishwarya Narang presented a paper in16th NCB International Seminar on Cement,
Concrete and Building Materials on the topic “Anassessed fire performance on Bi-material
concrete element” from 03-06 December 2019 in
New Delhi.
21. Jeevan Madapala attended a “Regional Workshop
on Disaster Risk Management and Risk-Informed
Urban Planning” in Asia Asian Disaster
Preparedness Center, from January 21-24, 201922. Jeevan Madapala attended a “Workshop on
Incorporating both Technical and Human
Elements to Reduce Hazards and Vulnerabilities
in Sensitive Facilities” organized by Oak Ridge
National Laboratory, Sandia Nation Laboratories
and Texas A&M University in Pandit Deendayal
Petroleum University, India May 14-16, 201923. Jeevan
Madapalaattended“International
Symposium Disaster Resilience and Green
Growth for Sustainable Development” in National
Institute of Disaster Management, September 2627, 201924. Jeevan Madapala attended a workshop on“Space-based Information System for Ecosystembased Disaster Risk Reduction (Eco-DRR)” in
Indian Institute of Technology Roorkee, November
25-29, 201925. Jeevan Madapala and Vickyson Naorem jointly
participated in “Youth and Young Professionals in
Disaster Risk Reduction Research” in Sichuan
University, China, December 6-8, 2019

A. Mugesh – Best Presentation AwardGADRI Annual Report 2019—61

Shivani Chouhan – Best Poster AwardGADRI Annual Report — Asia

Liberal Arts and Humanities

O.P. Jindal Global University, India
http://www.jslh.edu.in/

Source: Liberal Arts and Humanities website
O.P. Jindal Global University is one of India’s
youngest and fastest growing universities. Just ten
years old, it has grown from a single school (Law)
into a fully-fledged social science and humanities
based university with schools of Law, International
Affairs, Government and Public policy, Banking and
Finance, Architecture, Liberal Arts and Humanities,
Journalism, Business and, most recently, a newschool of Environment and Sustainability. Thislatter programme, which has its origin in a smaller
Centre, is now being expanded into an independent
school with both undergraduate and post-graduate
degree courses.
O.P. Jindal Global University is named in honour ofthe father of the founding Chancellor, Mr. Naveen
Jindal, who was tragically killed in an air crash
while travelling on business overseeing theactivities of the large Jindal Group of companies. It
aims for excellence, and is ranked as an ‘A’ grade
university by the National Accreditation Council andwas in 2019 awarded the coveted status of an“Institution of Eminence” by the Ministry of
Education, one of the only two private universities
to initially achieve this. It aims to be a truly global
university, with almost 20% of the faculty being
recruited from outside India, and with extensive
international collaborations for research andstudent exchanges, including with leading
universities in the USA, Europe, and China.

the new School of Environment and Sustainability
will be to systematically apply social science
insights, drawing not only on environmental studies,but very much on the expertise of sociologists,
anthropologists, architects, economists and lawyers
found throughout the university. O.P. Jindal Global
University has always stressed inter-disciplinary
work and the School of Environment andSustainability builds on this foundation. The Law
School, which is ranked as the top law school in a
private institution in India, has an active program inenvironmental law, and other courses are available
across the university in environmental philosophy,
environmentalsociology,
anthropology
andecology, environmental economics, psychology,
information science, design thinking, environmental
reporting and media studies and in other topics.
A principle objective of the School of Environment
and Sustainability is to develop high quality courses
and research of particular relevance to India, whichfaces just about the whole range of bothsustainability issues (including climate change
impacts, poverty, intense urbanization, energy
needs, water and health issues) and disaster
related ones, including cyclones, drought,
earthquakes, tsunamis and floods. Given the hugeenvironmental variability of India, and its culturalcomplexity
thecountryrequiresthecontextualization of disaster-related prevention andmitigation knowledge, and at the same time is anamazing laboratory for interventions, experiments
and the application of comparative approaches todisaster studies and policy applications. Situated as
it is on the northern edge of the major metropolis ofDelhi, O.P. Jindal is closely linked with collaborative
networks of research in urban sustainability, urbansociology and architecture in India and beyond. It
has now established close links with the Global
Alliance of Disaster Research Institutes (GADRI) at
Disaster Prevention Research Institute (DPRI),
Kyoto University, and looks to expand collaboration
with other GADRI members
throughout Asia and Beyond.

A distinctive feature of the university is that it isbasically a social science based institution, anddoes not have or plan to have dedicated science orengineering departments. The evolving approach in

GADRI Annual Report 2019—62

Prof. John Clammer
E-mail: jrclammer@jgu.edu.in

GADRI Annual Report — Asia

Nalanda University, India
http://www.nalandauniv.edu.in/

In 2019, Nalanda University continued activities on
the grant received from Australian Center forInternational Agriculture Research related to
Aquifer Storage & Recovery (ASR). It focuses on
raising the groundwater availability for irrigationwater in South Bihar, India by installing a numberof ASR wells. Through this project, we are trying
evaluate the side effects that may be caused bydirect injection of surface water into the aquifers
through ASR technique. In ASR, water frompotable, reclaimed, or other sources are injected
into aquifers during surplus periods and withdrawn
from the same well during deficit periods. Theinterest in ASR as one the long-term water supply
strategies to cope up with climate change has
increased in recent years. In India, the ASR
projects are primarily focused on the quantity ofstored water in the aquifer, however there are
significant risk to contaminate the aquifer byintroducing untreated surface water to theaquifers. The composition of recharged water inaquifer further evolves as it passes through theunsaturated zone and enters and flows in thesaturated aquifer. Injected waters may interact
with aquifer minerals and organic matter, and mix

and react with native groundwater. Geochemical
processes during and after aquifer recharge caneither improve or cause a deterioration of water
quality. In order to use ASR as an option toenhance the groundwater availability in the water
scarce region and to develop a complete
understanding of risks associated with recharged
water on human health and environment, a model
is being set by balancing the quantity of recharged
water and the quality of resulting groundwater
resources in the proposed project.

GADRI Annual Report 2019—63

Dr. Prabakar Sharma
Assistant Professor
E-mail: psharma@nalandauniv.edu.in

GADRI Annual Report — Asia

Center for Disaster Mitigation and Technological Innovation(GAMA-InaTEK), University of Gadjah Mada, Indonesia
https://www.gama-inatek.ugm.ac.id/

SCSC 12th Conference on Standards and Conformance: Applying Digital Technology andStandards to Respond to the Impacts of Climate Change on Infrastructure, organized by AsiaPacific Economic Cooperation (APEC)

The
Centerfor
Disaster
Mitigation
andTechnological Innovation (GAMA-InaTEK) as part of
Universitas Gadjah Mada undertakes research,development, and implementation of science that
supports
disaster
mitigation
efforts
andtechnological innovation to mitigate the impact ofpotential disaster. The most important activities of
GAMA-InaTEK from 1 January 2019 to 31
December 2019, has been participated on the :•8th International Workshop on Multimodal
Sediment Disaster (IWMSD2019), Integrated
Water
and
Sediment
Managementin
Reservoirs, organized by MSD Network, JICA,
and GAMA-InaTEK in Surakarta – Indonesia,
22 to 23 January 2019.

•

International Collaboration and An International
Co-authorship by Strengthening the Research
Function, organized by Tokyo University ofAgriculture and Technology in Tokyo -– Japan,
25 February 2019 to 4 March 2019.

•

Reduction, organized by Shimane University in
Shimane -– Japan, 12 to 18 March 2019.
•

Ecosystem-based Disaster Risk Reduction andClimate Change Adaptation in Asia Pacific,
organized by United Nations Environment
Programme in Yogyakarta – Indonesia, 18 to 22
March 2019.

•11th Pacific Conference on Earthquake
Engineering – New Zealand Society for
Earthquake Engineering (ZSEE), organized by
the Australian Earthquake Engineering Society(AEES) in Auckland – Selandia Baru, 1 to 8
April 2019.

Visiting Professor of the UNESCO Chair 2019
Field School on Geoenvironmental Disaster
GADRI Annual Report 2019—64

Dr. Wahyu Wilopo
E-mail: wwilopo@gadjahmada.edu

GADRI Annual Report — Asia•

International Conferences on Urban Disaster
Resilience (ICUDR) 2019, organized by
Universitas Tadulako, JICA, Universitas
Gadjah Mada, GNS Science, supported by
Ministry of Foreign Affairs and Trade (MFAT)New Zealand, NZAid Programme, in Palu –Indonesia, 22 April 2019 to 1 May 2019.

•2019 Joint Workshop on Disaster Prevention& Management Industry, organized by MSD
Network in Yogyakarta – Indonesia, 16 July
2019.

•

SCSC 12th Conference on Standards andConformance: Applying Digital Technology
and Standards to Respond to the Impacts of
Climate Change on Infrastructure, organizedby Asia-Pacific Economic Cooperation(APEC) in Puerto Varas – Chile, 18 to 19
August 2019.

•

International Programme on Landslide (IPL)
Conference, organized by International
Consortium on Landslides (ICL) andsupported by UNESCO in Paris – France, 16
to 19 September 2019.

•

9th International Workshop on Multimodal
Sediment Disasters, organized by Mie
University and MSD Network in Tsu, Mie –Japan, 17 tp 19 October 2019.

•

Project of International Standard on Early
Warning System: SNI 8235:2017 and ISO
22327:2018 by ISO/TC 292: Security and
Resilience, 1 January 2019 to 31 December
2019.

•

ProjectofStrengthened
Indonesian
Resilience: Reducing Risk from Disasters(StIRRRD), organized by Universitas Gadjah
Mada and GNS Science, supported by
Ministry of Foreign Affairs and Trade (MFAT)New Zealand, NZAid Programme inIndonesia – New Zealand, 1 January 2019 to
31 December 2019.

ProjectofStrengthened
Indonesian Resilience: Reducing
Risk from Disasters (StIRRRD),
organized by Universitas Gadjah
Mada
and
GNS
Science,supported by Ministry of Foreign
Affairs and Trade (MFAT) New
Zealand, NZAid Programme

8th International Workshop on
Multimodal Sediment Disaster(IWMSD2019)
GADRI Annual Report 2019—65

GADRI Annual Report — Asia

International Institute of Earthquake Engineering andSeismology (IIEES), Iran
http://www.iiees.ac.ir/en/

In 2019, following activities were
undertaken:•

Development of Earthquake-induced
Landslide Hazard Zonation Model
Using Iran Database•

Application of Perfectly Matched
Layer (PML) in Dynamic Analysis of
Embankment
Dam-Foundation
Interaction•

Anal ytic al developm ent of s eism ic
vulnerabilit yf unctionsforgas
transm iss ion pipelines in Iran•

Improving the existing methods forinclusion of kinematic interaction inseismic evaluation of soil-structure
systems•

Developm ent of Spatial Statis tics
Methods
toEvaluate
Seism ic
Vulnerability of Lifeline Networks•

Evaluating
theInter ac tionofSurf ac e Fault Rupture – foundation– Steel Str ucture•

Directtim eintegr ation
fromearthquak e-induced equations ofm otion with steps larger thanconventional
without
directdependence to the response•

The Increasing of Energy – Absorptionof CBFs by using of the new Steel oraluminum
Cases
based
on
experimental investigations•

Self-Centering
W all,
Level
of
Structural
Damages,
EnergyDissipation, Outside Steel Plate,
Stiffener•

Developm ent of an Image Based on
Response recording Software•

Precising Measurement
Modulus and Damping
resonant Column Test•

Up gr ad a ti o n of N at i on a l Ce n ter of
Br oa d ba n d Se is m ic N e t work of
Ira nof Shear
Ratio byProf. Mohsen Ghafory-Ashtiany
E-mail: ashtiany@iiees.ac.ir;
mohsen.ashtiany@gmail.com

GADRI Annual Report 2019—66

GADRI Annual Report — Asia

Soil Conservation and Watershed Management
Research Institute (SCWMRI), Iran
https://www.scwmri.ac.ir/

As mandate under “Landslide group” of “SoilConservation and Watershed Management
Research Institute for implementing researchworks on landslide, in 2019 the followings 13
research projects are ongoing in this group:Book Publication

1. Landslide occurrence risk assessment in theselected for basin (4 project).
2. Evaluation of landslide vulnerability potential in
the selected basins (2 project)
3. Revising the zoning maps of landslide hazard
based on inappropriate prediction after heavy
rain fall in western Iran in 2018-2019 (2project)•

Publication of a comprehensive book on
Landslide, recognition, assessment andcontrol for students and engineers
covering all subject of field work including
surface and subsurface exploration,
geophysical exploration on landslide,monitoring and early warning as well assome example of real study works doneon areas with high number of landslides in
Iran. This book was published byGeological Survey of Iran (GSI) with 617
pages.

4. Research on the effect of landslides on
sediment delivery of landslide susceptible
basins (4 project).
5. Joint project with KU Leuven university
Belgium entitled "The effect of Tectonic index(GPA, Earthquake intensity, faulting density,
landslide coverage) on sediment delivery in
different basins,Paper Publication:•

Shoaei, Z., Emamjomeh, SR, 2019,
Prediction of Time to Failure in Creep
Type Large-Scale Landslide,
Quarterly
Journalof
ECOPERSIA,(Accepted, 24
Dec. 2019, (Waiting
to be Published)

Dr. Zieaoddin Shoaei
Professor
E-mail: zshoaei@gmail.com,
zshoaei@scwmri.ac.ir

GADRI Annual Report 2019—67

GADRI Annual Report — Asia

Israel National Knowledge and ResearchCenter for Emergency Readiness
University of Haifa, Israel
http://muchanut.haifa.ac.il

The National Knowledge and Research Center for
Emergency Preparedness was established in January
2018 with 85 researchers divided among 8 disciplinary
research teams: Law; Public Policy; Social Science;
Public Health and Emergency Medicine; Welfare andSocial Work; Engineering, Technology and Planning;
Risk Assessment and Management; and Environment.
The focus of the Center is the interdisciplinary
research among team members.
In 2019, the second year activities of the Center had a
twofold focus. The four research grants for projects
meeting the multidisciplinary need analysis criteria
identified in 2018 were awarded at the end of 2018
are completing their first year:•

Robust Preparedness against Surprises in
Extreme Events: multi-site fires and earthquakes•

Insurance, Thresholds and Mechanisms for Post
Disaster Resilience•

Managing a Nation and its Citizens During a
Crisis: interrelation test between government andpublic during emergency times•

Using Twitter for Near Real-time Alerts andDamage Analysis of Natural Hazards in Israel andits Close Surroundings.

•

In April, after a second round of proposals, three
more research projects were awarded:
Developing Urban Community Resilience andSpatial Planning
Schemes for
Emergency
Readiness: multi-disciplinary research comparing
local level preparedness for emergencies resulting
from war with those resulting from extreme weather
conditions

Dr. Michal Ben Gal
Research CoordinatorE-mail: bmichal@geo.haifa.ac.il

GADRI Annual Report 2019—68

GADRI Annual Report — Asia••

Towards an Israeli Doctrine and LegislativeRegulative Framework Dealing with Emergencies

Responses to ad-hoc knowledge/researchquestions•

Submission to Horizon 2020 program as partof an international research team: Decisions
Make Sense: human factors, and social, societal, and organizational aspects for disasterresilient societies•

Two day course on Who is Afraid of Psychotrauma? To be held on 4-5.12.2019 at Center•

Conference presenting Center research, to beheld on 29.12.2019 at the University of Haifa;
tour of Haifa's disaster hazards and readinesson 30.12.2019•

Presentations in international forums•

Preparation of Special Issue, International
Journal of Disaster Risk Reduction, on Cascading Disasters

Between Emergency and Recovery - the twilight zone following a destructive earthquake

In October, at the request of Israel NEMA
(National Emergency Management Authority), another research project funded through the Center's
short-term research monies was chosen:••

Consequences of the Fire and Evacuation of
Residents: the dimensions of individual andcommunity resilience in Mavo Modiim. This
village was completely destroyed by fire in
May, 2019.

Researchers in all projects meet with expert practitioners at the beginning and at points during the
project to explore possible research applications
to practice.
•

Simultaneously, the second focus includes thefollowing activities:•

Website: http://muchanut.haifa.ac.il•

Database development•

Bi-monthly seminar lectures, all archived on
YouTube and can also be watched in real-time•

Consortium on Youth/Children in Prolonged
CrisisMore information about Center research isavailable on our website at:
http://muchanut.haifa.ac.il/index.php/en/
research/center-research

Meeting of the Consortium on Youth/Children in Prolonged Crisis with people
from Shaar Hanegev (Israeli local community near Gaza)GADRI Annual Report 2019—69

GADRI Annual Report — Asia

Disaster Risk Reduction Division, Department of
Climate Change (DCC), Ministry of Natural Resourceand Environment, Lao PDR
http://www.monre.gov.laReport on Disasters in 2019 in Lao PDR
Since July to September 2019 due to wet season
and climate change the country inundated withheavy rainfall, topical typhoon and storm affecting
whole or many parts of the country. Results ofthese phenomena were cases of flooding, storm/
Hailstorm,
landslide//Flash
Flood,
drought,
Earthquake, Extreme weather and Epidemic tomake a many thinks a loss and damage for life andsocial-economy of the country.
On 5 to 7 August 2019 Tropical Storm Wipa
brought heavy rains and flash flood to the
Oudomxay,
HoauphanandLuangphabang
provinces in the Northern part of the country, andaffected 4 villages, 4 losses of lives and more than
600 peoples.
On 29 August (Thursday) and 02 September(Monday) 2019, the Lao PDR Department ofMeteorology and Hydrology (DMH), Ministry of
Natural Resources and Environment, Lao PDR
reported potential affected areas in the central andsouthern part of Lao PDR due to the existence of a
Low Pressure Area (LPA), Tropical Storm PODUL,and Tropical Depression KAJIKI. Subsequently,
flooding was reported in six (6) provinces:Champasak, Saravan, Savannakhet, Sekong,
Khammouan, and Attapeu (in descending order ofmost affected province).
On 5 September, the center of Tropical Depression
Kajiki was estimated to be in the coastal area ofViet Nam; and according to Lao PDR’s Departmentof Meteorology and Hydrology (DMH), light tomoderate with intermittent heavy rains will be
experienced over Central and Southern provinces
due to the weather disturbance. Currently, flood has
been reported in six (6) provinces namely
Khmmouan,
Savannakhet,
Champasack,Saravane, Sekong, and Attapue provinces.
Provincial Disaster Prevention and Control
Committee has call for emergency meeting andplanning for response, especially to deploy rescue
boat in collaboration with the army and police for
evacuation. According to Lao PDR’s National
Disaster Management Organisation (NDMO LaoPDR), emergency relief items has been distributed
to the affected population.
As of 9 September, ongoing flooding in southern Laos
across the 6 provinces of Khamoun, Savanhkhet,
Attapeu, Salawan, Chamapasak Sekong has affected
59,613 families (or 105,767 people) with 33,407
families displaced in 20 evacuation centres. 4 deaths
have been reported and 2 people are missing. 78
schools and 2 health centres have been damaged
along with 6 bridges and 26 irrigation canals.

Ms. Sonephet PHOSALATH
Director, DRR Division
E-mail: sonephet.9999@gmail.com

GADRI Annual Report 2019—70

GADRI Annual Report — Asia

Floods caused by the passage of Tropical Cyclone
PODUL and Tropical Depression KAJIKI haveresulted in 14 fatalities and 1 missing person across
Lao PDR, as of on 10th September. The mostaffected areas are the southern Provinces ofAttapeu, Champasak, Khammouan, Saravan,
Savannakhet, and Sekong. Over 1 million people
are affected (approximately 150,000 families) and
102,000 have been displaced. From the preliminary
assessment, approximately 1,000 sq/km is flooded
in southern Laos, while 313 schools and 15
hospitals have been affected by flood waters.
Various humanitarian partners are supporting
national authorities with response operations,
including assistance provided to the affected
population. Continued heavy rainfall is forecast in
northern Laos and in the already affected provinces
over 11-12 September.
Earthquake by 6,2 magnitudes was occurred in
Xayyabouly
provinceofthe Northernpart, however
the vibration
force
from
earthquake
couldbe
distribution is
widespread inmany parts of
thecountry
and event in Vientiane City was feeling. Two districtsin Xayyabouly province was affected and coast
damage assessment among 28,260 US$, but was
lucky nobody death.

phenomenon and climate change due to has
increasing a temperature to 2,5 degrees. Due tohigh temperatures, drought has caused widespreaddrought in the country, which has severely damaged
food security and water resources. It is currently
impossible to assess the impact of the drought.
The Ministry of Labor and Social Welfare (MLSW) of
Lao PDR organised and led a National MultiSectoral Joint Disaster Needs Assessment in the 6affected provinces, to support information-based
efforts to recover faster after the massive flooding.
The assessment was conducted from 21 September
to 5 October 2019, consisting of a total of 21
persons from several sectoral bodies of Lao PDR
ministries. Regarding to the final report on 14
October after disaster and said that at least 765,000
people have been affected and 19 killed by Tropical
Storm Podul and Tropical Depression Kajiki in Lao
PDR. As many as 97 bridges, 747 schools, 43
health centres and hospitals, 462 road places,
275,114 livestocks and poultry were affected by thefloods. Total damage is estimated to cost US$164
million (1.45 trillion Laotian Kip).

As of 13 September, the National Disaster
Management Office (NDMO) states that 1,658
villages across 47 Districts have been affected. An
estimated 140,029 households are affected (total
people affected 309,176) with 21,563
households displaced in 20
evacuation centres. A
total of 18 deaths
have been reported.
At this stage information
from
each
province is limited to NDMO
reportsandunable to be verified for accuracy.
Since early October 2020 because of the El NinoGADRI Annual Report 2019—71

GADRI Annual Report — Asia

Institute for Environment and Development(LESTARI-UKM)
University of Kabangsaan Malaysia, Malaysia
http://www.ukm.my/lestari/ms/

Final report presentation of TRGS project onvulnerability and adaptation assessment due to theimpacts of sea level rise on Fisheries Sector. (at the
Ministry of Higher Education, Malaysia)

The Institute for Environment and Development(LESTARI) is known as a unique institute carryingoutresearchandtraining
activitiesin
multidisciplinary fields under the umbrella of The
National University of Malaysia. LESTARI is serving
as a reference center addressing issues related tosustainable development and contributing in
Malaysian policy.
The current report briefly
describes LESTARI’s initiative and contribution
towards food security and safety due to climatic aswell as anthropogenic stresses in fisheries sector of
Malaysia.
Malaysia is one of the highly vulnerable countries
due to climatic changes and its impact is alreadybeing felt in term of rising temperature and sea level.
The changing climate is likely to have serious
influence on fisheries sectors and eventually on thefood security of Malaysia. Even though Malaysia is avery fast-growing developing country, it neverreached self-sufficiency level of food production.
Malaysians are among the world's biggest
consumers of fish, eating at least 56.5 kilograms offish per person each year and as a result fisheries
industry has been identified as one of the main
sectors of food supply. Considering this, anextensive study has been carried out under the
research project funded by Ministry of Higher
Education through TRGS project scheme to assess
the vulnerably of fisheries sector due to climatechange and to propose adaptation strategies for foodsecurity through fisheries sector. The study predicted

decreasing trend of fish landing in the states
Selangor and Terengganu.
Significant
impact of air temperature and sea levelchanges were observed on brackish waterproduction in Terengganu. Moreover, thefreshwater production in Terengganu wassignificantly influenced by air temperature,
number of freshwater culturist and wholesale
value of freshwater production. The study
explored that the vulnerability of fisheries
sector was most closely linked with adaptive
capacity, followed by exposure andsensitivity. Among the two states consideredin the study, Selangor was more vulnerable
than Terengganu. Eventually the study
proposed few adaptation strategies such as
promoting
cage
culture,empoweringaquaculture industry,
introducing newtechnologies to improve the quality of
aquaculture products, increasing the numberof hatcheries, introducing effective enforcement
effort,maintaining
coastalecosystem
andestablishing new curriculum on climate change andecosystem change at the school level.
Furthermore, the importance of eating fish isemphasized by health experts to maintain good
health but unfortunately, fish may include pollutants
which is linked to infections and can cause a numberof health problems, including cancer. Therefore,
LESTARI is conducting research on formulating fishconsumption advisory based on the contaminationlevel in fish and shellfish for ensuring the healthy
consumption as well as for protecting the consumers
from possible risk related to fish toxicity. This projectis funded by The National University of Malaysia andcarried out in collaboration with The International
Medical University, Malaysia; Institute for Medical
Research (Ministry of Health, Malaysia) andUniversity Malaysia Sabah. The final product of thisproject is the online tool “MyFishAd” which isconsidered as Malaysia’s first fish consumption
advisory.

GADRI Annual Report 2019—72

Prof. Mazlin bin Mokhtar
Director, LESTARI, UKM
E-mail: mazlin@ukm.edu.my

GADRI Annual Report — Asia

Southeast Asia Disaster Prevention Research
Initiative (SEADPRI-UKM)
University of Kabangsaan Malaysia, Malaysia
http://www.ukm.my/seadpri/

SEADPRI-UKM was awarded as Integrated
Research on Disaster Risk (IRDR) International
Centre of Excellence (ICoE) for Disaster Risk andClimate Extremes in 2016. Hence SEADPRI-UKM is
now one of the 16 ICoEs at the global level, whichaims to promote DRR activities and programmes

meteorological and hazard models to enable better
forecasting of climate extremes and physicalhazards in Kuala Lumpur. The final product of the
project is the Kuala Lumpur Multi-Hazard Platform,
which was launched on 15 Oct 2019. The Kuala
Lumpur Multi-hazard Platform (KL-MHP) is a visualdecision-making theatre that displays the modelled
products of geophysical and atmospheric hazards
driven by meteorological forecasts, to graphicallycommunicate risk.
The project on “Promotion of Social
Entrepreneurship in Disaster Risk
Reductionto
Build
Community
Resilience”
commencedon1
September 2019, funded by theInternational Development ResearchCentre (IDRC) for a duration of 3-years.
The general objective of the Project is
to foster long-term community climate
resilience in Malaysia and Cambodia byempowering young female social
entrepreneurs to develop disaster
resilienceplans
supportedbycommunity engagement and citizen
science on an open-access digitalplatform.

The Kuala Lumpur Multi-Hazard Platform was launched by arepresentative of the Mayor of Kuala Lumpur, witnessed by the
CEO of MIGHT, Malaysia and UK Project Leaders together with
all NUOF Thematic Leaders.

within the respective regions. The ICoE represents,
in this case of SEADPRI-UKM, the South East Asian
region, focusing on strengthening localised inputs toaddress regional DRR related matters. SEADPRIUKM will continue to capitalise on this partnershipframework to further advance work related on DRR.
SEADPRI-UKM completed a research project
involving teams from Malaysia and the United
Kingdom, awarded under the Newton-Ungku Omar
Fund, administered by Innovate UK and the
Malaysian Industry-Government Group for HighTechnology (MIGHT). The project, Disaster
Resilience Cities: Forecasting Local Level Climate
Extremes and Physical Hazards for Kuala Lumpur
focuses on ways to best adapt selected

Led
by
Universiti
Kebangsaan
Malaysia’s Southeast Asia Disaster
Prevention
Research
Initiative(SEADPRI-UKM), key partners include
the Royal University of Phnom Pehn
(RUPP), Geological Society of Malaysia(GSM) and Malaysian DRR Service Organization(MDRRSO).

Assoc. Prof. Goh Choo Ta
Head, SEADPRI, UKM
E-mail: seadpri@ukm.edu.my

GADRI Annual Report 2019—73

GADRI Annual Report — Asia

Centre for Environmental Sustainability and Water
Security (IPASA)
Universiti Teknologi Malaysia (UTM), Malaysia
https://www.utm.my/ipasa/

Riverdale activity and floating wetland

Highlights of activities in 2019:
1. The International Conference on Environmental
Sustainability and Resource Security (ICENSURES 2019) from 5th to 6th November
2019 at Royal Widad Residence Kuala Lumpur.
2. ANNUAL HUB ASSEMBLY 2019 FOR WATERSECURITYAND
SUSTAINABLE
DEVELOPMENT HUB (GCRF) - FIELD TRIP
organized by IPASA, Newcastle University
Medicine Malaysia and Newcastle University,
UK in Sg. Johor River Basin, Malaysia, on 25
September 2019

3. COLLABORATION MEETING with ASIAPACIFIC CENTRE for ECO-HYDROLOGY,INDONESIA UNESCO CATEGORY II (APCE)
organized by IPASA and Eco-Hydrology
Research Group, Universiti Teknologi Malaysia
at IPASA, UTM Johor from 7-8 August 2019
4. Taiwan-Malaysia Workshop on Clean Water andSustainable Energy Day 2 (6/8/2019) at Lecture
Hall 1 (DK1), Faculty of Science, Block C17,UTM Skudai.
5. GCRF
Water
Security&
Sustainable
Development Hub MEL workshop from 9 to 11
July 2019 at IPASA UTM.
6. Riverdale activity and floating wetland

Dr. Nor Eliza Alias
E-mail: noreliza@utm.my

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GADRI Annual Report — Asia

Emergency Operations Centre, Department of Disaster
Management, Myanmar
http://www.ddmmyanmar.gov.mm

The Department of Disaster Management (DDM)
under the MSWRR is the National Disaster
Management Organization that leads not only•
disaster risk reduction efforts and but also response
coordination for effective, efficient and timely
responses. In 2019, the Centre engaged in thefollowing activities.:•

EOC was fully equipped with high tech•equipment and operationalized as International
Standards. USFS technical assistance hashelped DDM reaching salient achievements
such as the evaluation of the Myanmar Disaster
Response
System,Standard
Operating
Procedure of EOC development, and initiationof the Disaster Management Law Review.

•

Officials from EOC were deployed to India for
Post Graduate of GIS and Remote Sensing.
EOC trainings for trainers and EOC
Management trainings were also conducted forenhancement of capacity of EOC
staff. Moreover, EOC staff
attendedtrainings of Unmanned
Arial Vehicles forofficials which opened
at Meiktila Universityof Aeronautical andSpace Technology. (2) UAVs were purchased
and utilized for disaster risk reduction activities.
Maps of South Nawin Dam’s surrounding areas,
tracks of cyclones, floods in Mon state andBago region were produced and compiled withthe technical assistance of MIMU and One Map
Myanmar.
For effective, timely and expeditious
responses, EOCs were also opened at Chinand Rakhine states.

Prof. Win Htein Kyaw
Director
E-mail: winhteinkyaw.rrdmyanmar@gmail.com

GADRI Annual Report 2019—75

GADRI Annual Report — Asia

German University of Technology, Oman
https://www.gutech.edu.om/

severe precipitation event in the Hajar
mountains. The model was developed incooperation with Nelen & Schuurmans in the
Netherlands, using the 3Di software. 3Di
enables users to construct flash flood
scenarios and run them in a cloud environment(Nelen & Schuurmans 2019). For details of themodel see Hadidi et al. (under review). The
figure below shows a map with maximum
inundation depth in the model region according
to the chosen flood scenario. The study
demonstrates the use of a novel modeling tooland highlights the need for regular updating offlood simulations.

Figure 2: Maximum inundation map according to the floodmodel of wadi Majraf-Manumah, for details see: Nelen &Schuurmans (2019), Hadidi et al. (under review)

Work on the project “Towards a flood-resilient Omani
society: improved tools for flood management”, fundedby the Omani Research Council (TRC), was finalized.
The final report was submitted in April to the TRC
summarizing the major results of the last funding
period (Holzbecher 2019).

In order to evaluate flood risks, it is eligible toconstruct flood maps on the computer. In an
environment of rapid urbanization it isnecessary to perform regular updates. For
such purpose, advanced flash flood simulation
tools are available that deliver accurate resultsin short time with high-resolution information
andadvancedcapabilities
tomodelhydrodynamic processes. The high level ofdetail, the short computational time and theinteractive access via web browser make 3Di
software a suitable tool for flood modeling. The
presented approach is thus important for
decision-making, in the planning phase as wellas in actual flood management.

We continued our former work on watersheddelineation with special focus on automatic delineation
tools as they are currently available in GIS software.
The major findings were presented by Holzbecher &Hadidi (2019).

The report includes major findings concerning flood
risks in lowland regions, where in many places
aspects of urbanization have to be considered as well.
The general situation was discussed by Holzbecher &Hadidi (2019). A flood model was developed for wadi
Majraf-Manuma in Muscat, Oman. The model region isin the lowlands near the coast of the Oman Sea, which
has seen a rapid urbanization recently. A flood
scenario was set-up, assuming inflow as result of a

GADRI Annual Report 2019—76

Prof. Ekkehard Holzbecher
E-mail: Ekkehard.holzbecher@gutech.edu.om

GADRI Annual Report — Asia

Figures 2: Flow experiment, inlet view, before and after the flood

They conclude that “automatic watersheddelineation is not a suitable tool for flood risk
mapping in regions with small topographic
gradients, as in coastal lowlands. There are threemajor reasons for this. (1) Accuracy errors in thedigital elevation maps (DEMs) have a more relative
weight for small elevation heights. (2) Watershedboundaries are shifting in response to flood events;
a DEM may not reflect the current state relevant fora flood to come. (3) Water divides are relevant only
for not inundated regions, and become irrelevant incase of inundation”.

Publications•

Holzbecher E. (2019) Towards a flood-resilient
Omani society: improved tools for flood
management, Final report, proposal no. ORG/
EBR/13/005•

Holzbecher E., Hadidi A. (2019) Flood risk
mapping in low coastal regions considering
watershed delineation uncertainty, 38th IAHR
World Congress, Panama, Proceedings•

Holzbecher E., Hadidi A., On watersheddelineation for flood modelling in lowlands, 5thIntern. Symp. on Flash Floods in Wadi
Systems, Kyoto, accepted•

Hadidi A., Holzbecher E., Infiltration andrecharge processes inside a wadi channel, 5thIntern. Symp. on Flash Floods in Wadi
Systems, Kyoto, submitted•

Hadidi A., Holzbecher E., Molenaar R., Floodmapping in face of rapid urbanization: a casestudy of wadi Majraf-Manumah, Muscat,
Sultanate of Oman, Urban Water Journal,
under review•

Nelen & Schuurmans (2019) Guideline Flood
Risk Mapping in Oman, internal report ••Saber M., Kantoush S., Sumi T., …
Holzbecher E., Hadidi A. et al) Integrated
management of flash floods in wadi basinsconsidering
sedimentation
andclimatechange: an international collaboration project,
Sustainability, under review

Flood Experiment Destroyed by Flood
A flood experiment was designed at GUtech
campus in December 2019. A flood channel of 100
m length, 1 m width and height was dug, with inlet
and outlet basins on both sides. The discharge wasto be measured by V-notch at inlet and outlet.
Several sensors were installed at several positions
measuring pressure, salinity (EC) and temperaturein the flowing water as well as humidity in the soil
below. A first experiment with 10.000 gallons waterfrom a tanker led to an artificial flood of 3 hours
duration. Two days after heavy rainfall in Oman led
to a complete inundation of the entire channel andbasins (see figures). The place had been dry for
years before. The scientists hope that the sensors
can be recovered
and theirmeasurements read out.

GADRI Annual Report 2019—77

GADRI Annual Report — Asia

Philippine School of Business Administration (PSBA)
Philippines
http://psba.edu/

Figure 1. Front from left: Dir. R.
Cabantac Jr., Hon. Mayor Joy
Belmonte, Hon Guest, Dr. J.
Peralta, Dir. Salvador, and Dr. T.
Raza; Back from left: Mr. R.
Espinosa, Mr. K. Lim, Engr. E.
Lopez; receiving the Gawad
KALASAG Award for PSBAManila.

The Disaster Risk Management (DRM) Unit of thePhilippine School of Business Administration –Manila (PSBA-Manila) Graduate School ofBusiness (GSB) once again won the Regional
Gawad KALASAG Award 2019 for the Higher
Education Institution category in the Philippine
National Capital Region on July 30, 2019 at theArmed Forces of the Philippines Commissioned
Officers Clubhouse, Camp General Emilio
Aguinaldo, Quezon City, Philippines. This award
recognizes various stakeholders that design andimplement
Disaster
Risk
Reduction
andManagement programs that protect high-risk
communities against hazards, improve coping
capacity, and addressing vulnerabilities. This was
the second year PSBA-Manila won the award. In
this event, the School also signed a partnershipwith the Office of Civil Defense (OCD) National
Capital Region (NCR) to send its students forinternship on DRM-related activities by thegovernment office.
In addition, the PSBA-Manila DRM Unit coorganized two International Seminars and one
International Training Program in collaboration with
its local and international partners including the
Quezon City Local Government; School of Urban
and Regional Planning, University of thePhilippines, Diliman; IQRA University, Karachi,
Thailand; Lahore College for Women University,
Lahore, Pakistan; and Pamantasan ng Lungsod ng
Marikina, Marikina, Philippines. These are:•

International Faculty Strengthening Program 2
held on January 27-29, 2019 at the Training
Room, 3rd Floor Legislative Building, Quezon
City Hall, Quezon City.

•

3rd International Research Symposium (3IRS)
entitled “Business Continuity and Disaster Risk
Reduction Challenges in the Organization,
Policy Formulation, and Implementation” heldon March 23, 2019 at the Grand Auditorium,
Philippine Heart Center, Quezon City,
Philippines.

•

Second International Training Program (2ITP2019) held on July 20-22, 2019 in the City
Planning and Development Office (CPDO)
Conference Room, 4th Floor, Civic Center D,
City Hall Compound, Quezon City, Philippines.

•

4th International Research Colloquium towards
Disaster Risk Transfer (4IRC-DRT) held on
November 9-10, 2019 at the Quezon City
Experience (QCX) Theater, Quezon City Circle,
Philippines.

GADRI Annual Report 2019—78

Prof. Tabassa, Raza
Director, DRM Unit
E-mail: tabassamr@psba.edu

GADRI Annual Report — Asia

The proceedings for these events are
disseminatedthrough
the
PSBA-Manila
website at http://psba.edu/downloads

Researches produced by the DRM Unit
(excluding the thesis of students who are also
DRM Unit Research Fellows) for the year of2019 include:••

Raza. T., Rentoy. F., et al. (2019). “Water
challenges
and
Urban
Sustainable
DevelopmentinChanging
Climate:Economic Growth Agenda for Global
South; European Journal of Sustainable
Development”, 8(4) pp. 421-436, Publishedby ECSDEV, Via dei Fiori, 34, 00172,
Rome, Italy
Raza. T., Cuña. A., et al. (2019).
“Sustainable Development Challenges due
to Extreme Weather Impact: Innovating a
Science and Policy Framework for
Sustainable
andDisaster-resilience
Quezon City, Philippines”. United nation,
Global Platform for Disaster Risk Reduction
2019, May 13-17, 2019, Geneva,

Switzerland•

Raza. T., & Peralta. J. (2019) “Education,
Capacity Development and Disaster
Resilience”.
International
Symposium,
Disaster Resilience and Sustainable
Development, Panel Discussion (PD-01),
March 7-8, 2019, Asian Institute ofTechnology, Thailand

PSBA-Manila also graduated its pioneer batchof twelve students from the School’s Master inBusiness Administration specialization in
Disaster Risk Management (MBA-DRM)
program.

Finally, the recognitions from DRM offices andMayor of Quezon City were received.

Figure 2. The Pioneer batch of the PSBA-Manila MBA-DRM Program with the Dr. Jose
Peralta, Dean; Mr. Alberto Kimpo, City Administrator of Quezon City; Hon. Mayor Joy
Belmonte, Mayor of Quezon City; Dr. Aman Rashid, Ambassador of Pakistan to thePhilippines; and Dr. Tabassam Raza, Associate Dean and Director, DRM Unit.

GADRI Annual Report 2019—79

GADRI Annual Report — Asia

University of the Philippines
Resilience Institute (UPRI), Philippines
https://resilience.up.edu.ph/

The UP Resilience Institute was established as aproactive hub of benchmark innovative information
vital to the nation’s efforts in climate change
mitigation and adaptation.
Its mission is to empower local communities
through multidisciplinary actions toward resilience.
As a response through its Memorandum No.
PAEP-16-67, the UP Board of Regents (BOR)
approved on 28 July 2016 the establishment of the
University of the Philippines Resilience Institute(UP RI) to have the following functions andprograms
concerning
multi-hazard,
multidisciplinary, multisectoral, comprehensive
disaster risk reduction and management (DRRM).
In 2019, the UP Resilience Institute (UPRI) and
the Philippine Academic Society for Climate andDisaster Resilience (PASCDR) held the firstacademic conference on climate and disaster
resilience entitled SHARE. COLLABORATE.
EMPOWER. Strengthening the Role of the
Academe in Climate and Disaster Resilience lastNovember 27-28, 2019 at the University of thePhilippines Diliman, Quezon City, Philippines.

Reduction and Climate Action (DRR-CA). They
affirmed the importance of the academe byformally organizing the Philippine Academic
Society for Climate and Disaster Resilience.
Invited speakers were academicians andresearchers working on climate and disaster
resilience from different academic disciplines.
Programs, researches, and innovations were
presented during the conference in five plenary
sessions, such as: Science-based innovations fordisaster reduction and climate change action, Therole of arts, culture, and social sciences inresilience building, Enhancing resilience throughhealthandsocialservices,
Enhancingtechnologies
forresiliencearchitecture,engineering and technology, and Business,governance, and public safety for climate anddisaster resilience.

The conference brought together the academe
from higher education institutions (HEIs) acrossthe Philippines to establish greater linkages andcollaborations in the field of Disaster Risk

GADRI Annual Report 2019—80

Prof. Mahar Lagmay
E-mail: amfal2@gmail.com

GADRI Annual Report — Asia

More than 200 people participated in the conference, and more than 150 pledged
their membership and commitment to the Academic Society.

GADRI Annual Report 2019—81

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Center for Urban Water (CUrW)
Sri Lanka
https://www.curwsl.org/

Figure 3: Weather Stations installed at various schools
This report will summarise the activities done by theCenter for Urban Water (CUrW) during 2019. Main
activities of CUrW are listed below.

occur from not conducting the economic activities
such as interruptions to businesses etc.)•

Damages to the prominent infrastructure (suchas bridges, roads, culverts, telephone connection
points and poles, electrical infrastructure, flood
protection structures etc.)•

Damages to vehicles•

Expenditure for relief (cost borne for the relief
requirements of the flood affected people, which
is usually born by the relevant governmental
authorities such as Disaster Management
Centre, National Disaster Relief Services Centre,
Municipal councils, Urban Councils andDivisional Secretariats)

1. Completing the flood damage survey andderivation of depth-damage functions from thesurvey results
2. Progress in the water level gauge and weather
station deployment
3. Starting to obtain canal discharge measurements
using ADCP equipment
4. Participation in two the following workshops:••

Short course on "UAV Advanced Mappingand Applications" from the Postgraduate
Institute of Science (PGIS), University of
Peradeniya (a 2-day residential workshop)
Workshop on "The role of ProjectProcurement"
from
Eng.
Saman
Kandanearachchi at Skills Development
Fund (SDFL) (One day workshop)

There are more types of damages that can be seen
in a disaster, which are not easily captured by aphysical property, such as the value of a (lost) humanlife and the extent of a disease outbreak which is dueto the cascading effect of the flood event.

Following provides detailed descriptions of above
activities:
1.

Completing the damage survey andderivation of depth-damage functions
from the survey results

CUrW conducted a field survey on flood damage tothe building content for the non-residential buildings,
for the loss estimations for past and future flood
scenarios. The losses will generally occur in thefollowing aspects.
•

Structural damage for buildings (Damages tobuilding structural elements such as walls/roof)•

Content damage for buildings (Damages tothings inside the building such as sofas/
television/refrigerator)•

Damages to the economic activities (Damages
GADRI Annual Report 2019—82

Prof. Srikantha Herath
Director
E-mail: srikantha.herath@gmail.com

GADRI Annual Report — Asia

Currently, CUrW adopts damage functions prepared
for the structural damages and the content damages,
which were prepared based on the field surveys
carried out by the internal staff of CUrW, in order tocalculate the respective damages. At the same time,
CUrW seeks opportunities to develop relevant
damage curves for the other types of theaforementioned damage categories, through possible
partnerships, methodologies and workarounds.

2. Progress in the water level gauge andweather station deployment
Figure 2. Water level gauge at Mattakkuliya

Observed Total Rain (1, 3 and 24 hrs): https://www.curwsl.org/curwsl/rainfall/content/observedtotal-rain-1-3-and-24-hrs
Observed Hourly Rain: https://www.curwsl.org/
curwsl/state-water/content/observed-hourly-rain

Figure 1. Locations of the weather stations and the waterlevel gauges

CUrW has been installing weather stations to cover
the whole island, including the Metro Colombo Urban
Development Project (MCUDP) area. The installation
work of the weather stations is reaching its
completion, having more than 80% of the planned
stations already being installed. The center will need
another two months of time to complete the rest of
the installations, with the existing conditions.
Furthermore, 8 water level gauges are currently
under operation, and procurement of the others areprogressing. The locations of the weather stations
and the water level gauges are shown in the Figure 1.

Figure 4. Observed hourly rainfall and Observed total rain(publicly accessible)

Some snaps from the weather stations at the schools
are shown in the pictures of Figure 3.

In addition, the data summaries are being displayedin the CUrW website, which is accessible to the
public. Furthermore, historical data will be available
for the stakeholders and for the registered users. The
links to access the public webpages are mentioned
below.

GADRI Annual Report 2019—83

Figure 5. Historical data from the CUrW website (accessonly for stakeholders and registered users)

GADRI Annual Report — Asia

3 Obtaining
measurements
equipment

canal
using

discharge
the
ADCP

During the heavy rains in this quarter, CUrW wasable to measure the canal discharges using the
Acoustic Doppler Current Profiler (ADCP)
equipment, for several canal outfalls in Colombo.
Field visits were made to the outfall locations
based on the rainfall and water levels of thecanals, and the discharges were recorded.

The canal discharges and many other information
is processed using the measurement data andextracted on the site using the dedicated software
for the measuring device. A preview of such a
result obtained for a particular canal is attached
below. Also, CUrW has internally developed its
capacity to derive the cross-section profile data ofthe measured cross sections as shown below, as
the dedicated software does not directly provide
the cross-section data.

Some activities from the field visits are attached
below.

Figure 6. Snapshots during the canal measurement field visits(Left: @Wellawatta Canal, Middle: @Nagalagam Street, Right: @Sedawatta Canal)

Figure 7. User interface of the dedicated WinRiverII software

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4. Workshop
With the University of Peradeniya, CUrW organizeda workshop on,
1. Short course on "UAV Advanced Mapping andApplications" from the Postgraduate Institute of
Science (PGIS), University of Peradeniya (a 2day residential workshop)

The course was organized by the Postgraduate
Institute of Science (PGIS), University of
Peradeniya, and covered the following topics: 1.
Introduction for UAV, 2. UAV Flight Planning andManagement, 3. UAV Image Acquisition and Data
Processing, 4. Global Navigation Satellite System
5. Internet of Things (IoT) and 6. Presentations ofParticipants (CUrW interns). Some of the moments
captured during the workshop is attached herewith.

GADRI Annual Report 2019—85

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National Building Research Organisation (NBRO)
Sri Lanka
http://www.nbro.gov.lk

International Symposium on ‘Equitable Resilience’

National Building Research Organisation held its
annual research symposium on 17th and 18th
December 2019 in Colombo for the tenth time ina grand manner. The theme of the symposium
was ‘Equitable Resilience’ and it was attended
by many local and international participants whoshared their knowledge and experience. Many
local and foreign agencies came forward toassist NBRO in organising this symposium.

At present, vulnerability not only to disaster, butalso to associated environmental, social, health,economic and other related issues are also
taken into consideration in building disaster
resilience. Adaptability is the key issue and it isthus becoming a way of life. In this context,
equitable resilience, a form of resilience
practiced by taking into account various issuesof social and other vulnerabilities and access topower, knowledge, and resources is consideredas important. Having realized the complexities in
multidisciplinary approach of NBRO in building
disaster resilience in the country and completionof a multitude of related research, this Annual

Research Symposium was held under the themeof ‘Equitable Resilience’.

NBRO conducted research in various subjects;
ranging from landslide to human settlement
studies, construction materials studies tobuilding codes, and from substrata studies to air
quality studies and their outcomes were
presented in the technical sessions and panel
discussions under the subthemes of Codes forresilient
Sri
Lanka,
Practicing
resilientconstruction, Data Sharing for resilience,
Equitable mitigations, Retrofit for resilience,
Sustainable
resilience,andResilientenvironment. The discussions that followed
enlightened the audience.

Dr. Asiri Karunawardena
Director GeneralE-mail: asiri13@hotmail.com

GADRI Annual Report 2019—86

GADRI Annual Report — Asia

At this symposium several important NBRO
publications were launched. “Manual on Nature
Based Solutions for mitigation of Landslide risk”
was published as an outcome of the World Bank
funded Nature Based Landslide Risk Management
Project in Sri Lanka, implemented by the NBRO
with technical assistance from Asian Disaster
Preparedness Center (ADPC), Thailand. “Guideline
for Management of Chemical Disaster Risk inIndustry and facility in Sri Lanka” was published as
a component of a government-funded project ofSystematic Diagnostic Assessment of Chemical
Disaster Risk in Sri Lanka.
“Geotechnical
Guideline on Safe Construction of Building
Foundations” and “Technical Guidelines on Building
Demolition Work in Sri Lanka” were compiled byrespective technical divisions of NBRO with theassistance of experts in the field and published.
“The
Handbookon
Test
Methods
andSpecifications for Material and Product Selection Vol 1: Common Building Materials and Products”
was compiled by NBRO researchers with theassistance of national experts and published. In
addition, a web based ‘Subsurface Geological
Geotechnical Model for Disaster Resilient Housing
in Colombo Municipal Council’ prepared by NBRO
was launched as well. Information in these products
are immensely useful to relevant stakeholders,
researchers, practitioners and also the generalpublic and are available for free downloading at
NBRO website.

GADRI Annual Report 2019—87

GADRI Annual Report — Asia

National Center for Research on Earthquake
Engineering (NCREE), Chinese Taipei
https://www.ncree.org/

International Conference in Commemoration of 20th
Anniversary of the 1999 Chi-Chi Earthquake, 15 to 19
September 2019

The 1999 Chi-Chi earthquake, which was inducedby the rupture of the Chelungpu fault, struck
central Taiwan on September 21 (local time), 1999
with a local magnitude (ML) of 7.3. The length of
the fault rupture zone observed on the groundsurface was 85 km and the maximum fault
displacement was over 10 m. Disastrous effects
occurred over a large area characterized by highintensity near the Chelungpu fault. These included
2,415 deaths, 11,305 severely wounded people,
and over 50,000 severely damaged buildings.
Although the earthquake was a disaster for
Taiwan, much was learned from it.

1999 Chi-Chi Earthquake held from 15 to 19
September 2019 aimed at providing a forum to
bring
togetherresearchers,
professionals,
engineers, and academics to promote andexchange new ideas and experiences in the fields
of earthquake engineering, disaster management,
seismic prevention, and many related issues.
Therefore, the conference addressed the issue of“Sustainable and Seismic-Safe Society” to learn
from the past, to examine the progress made sofar, and to look forward to a more seismic-safe
society in the future.

In the last two decades, the extensive and highquality ground motion data from the Chi-Chi
earthquake have contributed significantly toadvancements of seismology and earthquake
engineering, especially in ground motion
prediction, studies of near-fault effects, seismic
evaluation, and seismic retrofit. This information
also benefited the development of disasterprevention technologies, including earthquake
early warning, and seismic loss and risk
assessment. The International Conference in
Commemoration of the 20th Anniversary of the

GADRI Annual Report 2019—88

Prof. Shyh-Jiann Hwang
Director-GeneralE-mail: sjhwang@ncree.narl.org.tw

GADRI Annual Report — Asia

Large-Scale Multiaxial Laminar Shear Box: An Apparatus Advancing Soil
Liquefaction Experiment

The construction of a “large-scale multiaxial
laminar shear box” was completed in 2019 toserve as an experimenting trust in response to thegovernment’s green energy technology policy. The
unique mechanism enables the soil specimen to
move horizontally without torsion, thereby
considerably reducing the boundary effect. The
box will mainly be used in offshore windfoundation tests. Additionally, together with theearthquake simulator in NCREE’s Tainan
Laboratory, the box can be used to study the

impact of near-fault earthquakes on geotechnicalearthquake engineering. As a result, NCREE isable to further develop cutting edge seismic
technology and propel Taiwan to reach the status
as an earthquake-resilient country.

Fig.2. The large-scale multiaxial laminar shear box

GADRI Annual Report 2019—89

GADRI Annual Report — Asia

National Science and Technology Center for Disaster
Reduction (NCDR), Chinese Taipei
https://www.ncdr.nat.gov.tw/

In 2019, NCDR has continued making efforts inadvancing information intelligence for emergency
operations, disaster risk reduction researches, andregional capacity building. Meeting demands ofinformation age, big data and crowdsourcing data
not just facilitate trade activities and business
operation, but also directly bring benefits todisaster risk reduction, emergency preparedness,business continuity planning, resilient global supply
chain, critical infrastructure protection and tourism
safety. NCDR had organized two three-day
workshops (the International Training Workshop on
Natural Disaster, ITW) in the first half of 2019 andmajor themes focused on applications of big dataand social media for assistance t in disaster risk
reduction and emergency preparedness. The twoworkshops demonstrate innovative applications ofusing the state-of-the art information andtelecommunication
technology
toenhancecoverage and efficiency of information facilitation.
There are more than 70 participants from 16
countries attending in the two workshops andincluding six delegated by GADRI.

Meanwhile, NCDR got the support from APEC
Secretariat to hold the “APEC Resilience Week”
that was held from 30 September to 2 October in
Taipei City. NCDR invited disaster managers,
governmental officers, and researchers of the
APEC region to attend the event that focused onusing science technology tion to enhance theregional resilience. In total, 13 economies attended
to collect brainstorming on sharing best practices
related to enhancing regional resilience.

Besides that NCDR also keeps close
collaboration with partners in Asia-Pacificpartners through carrying out the Program ofSmart Disaster Risk Management in several
target areas, to deliver the training courses andtransfer modern equipment. Technologies
covered include monitoring systems for
precipitation and seismic activity, as well as
online platforms for public information updates.

The 2019 International Training Workshop on Natural Disaster

Ms. Kiri Chan
Assistant Researcher
E-mail: khc@ncdr.nat.gov.tw

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GADRI Annual Report — Asia

Mountain Societies Research Institute (MSRI)
University of Central Asia, Tajikistan
https://www.ucentralasia.org/Research/MSRI

technical skills to other faculty
members and students. A total
121 faculty members andstudents attended workshops,
43% of which were female.
THRIVE Tajikistan

In 2019, Mountain Societies Research Institute(MSRI), University of Central Asia strengthened
ongoing partnerships and research programs,
initiated new projects, taught courses in the Earthand Environmental Sciences major at UCA,
conducted a Certificate Programme on Natural
Resources Management, and hosted Summer
Universities and workshops.
The following are the main MSRI achievements:
Pathways to Innovation
As part of the Pathways to Innovation project,funded by the International Development ResearchCentre (IDRC), MSRI offered a 30 ECTS (European
Credit Transfer and Accumulation System)
Certificate
courseon
NaturalResources
Management (CNRM) to 20 faculty members from
Badakhshan University, Bamyan University, Khorog
State University and Aga Khan Foundation in
Afghanistan. The 3-week course offered in JulyAugust 2019 was well received and included
modules on concepts of sustainability andsustainable
land
management,
integrated
agricultural management and food systems,
livelihoods in rural mountain communities, natural
hazards and disaster risk reduction, and climatechange. In November-December 2019, MSRI
conducted post CNRM workshops at Badakshan,
Bamyan, and Khorog State Universities todisseminate knowledge and transfer various

Throughout the life of the project“Thrive Tajikistan: Enhancing
Social Services, Governance,and Economic Inclusion in
Border Regions”, jointly fundedby USAID and AKF, MSRI is
implementing
three researchstudies related to food security
andfoodsystems
withinselected broad environmental
contexts. These include two
projects in GBAO and one in the
Khatlon region. Thus, during 2019, MSRI
established a partnership with Pamir Biological
Institute (PBI) in Khorog and successfully conducted
research on wheat varietal screening at the PBI
Research Station in Ishkashim, GBAO. During thegrowing season, PBI field staff regularly monitored
the research plots and collected data on wheat
growth and yield in close collaboration with theresearch lead of PBI. Discussions related to two newresearch projects focused on food security inprogressing with potential partner institutions: one in
GBAO and one in Khatlon. By the end of March
2020 MSRI will launch these two projects.

GADRI Annual Report 2019—91

Prof. Roy Sidle
Director
E-mail: roy.sidle@ucentralasia.org

GADRI Annual Report — Asia

Disaster Risk Management
In June 2019, MSRI researchers collaborated
with geoscience researchers from University ofBern (Switzerland) and University of Natural
Resources and Life Sciences (Austria) topresent an intense 10-day training on disasterrisk manage in Tajikistan. Most of the course
focused on geohazards, assessing their risk in
the Pamirs, and sustainable approaches todisaster risk reduction. Lectures were held in
Khorog together with field trips, followed b a 3day field trip to Muminabad to view watershedaction plans being enacted by CARITAS.

Paleoclimate, Environmental Change andSocial Interaction in Central Asia (PALESCA)MSRI in collaboration with German ResearchCentre for Geosciences (GFZ) organized thesecond summer school ‘Learning Landscapes
through
Environmental
ResearchandMonitoring’ as a part of the Paleoclimate,
Environmental Change and Social Interaction inCentral Asia (PALESCA) project, funded by theGerman Federal Ministry for Education andResearch (BMBF). Twenty-two undergraduate
and master students from Central Asia countries
who study environment sciences or conduct
scientific research participated in the summer
school. Professors and experts of MSRI, GFZ,
University of
Amsterdam, Naryn
State
University, Central-Asian Institute for Applied
Geosciences, Kyrgyz-Russian Slavic University,
KyrgyzHydroromet and CAMP Alatoo introduced
students to several interrelated aspects oflandscapes research: geology, geomorphology,

paleoclimatology,
naturalresources
management,
dendrochronology,
wildlife
science, socioeconomic aspects of mountainregions development, and related topics. The
PALESCA summer school offered a very good
opportunity to attend interesting lectures,
laboratory exercises, fieldwork, and excursions
for students. Additionally, two participants of thesummer school had an excellent opportunity toparticipate in a 2-week internship at GFZ in
Germany.
“Leaving something behind” Migration
governance and agricultural and ruralchange in “home” communities”
In 2019, MSRI launched new project withsupport from European Union’s Horizon 2020
research and innovation programme entitled“Towards forward-looking migration governance:
addressing the challenges, assessing capacities
and designing future strategies” (AGRUMIG) in
the Batken, Jalal-Abad and Naryn provinces.
The AGRUMIG project focuses on the linkages
between out-migration and agricultural and ruralchange in seven countries (Nepal, Thailand,
Morocco, China, Ethiopia, Moldova andKyrgyzstan). The aim is to identify themechanisms that produce the bewildering
diversity of outcomes regarding out-migration
and rural change. Based on this comparative
analysis, the AGRUMIG project will contribute to
the framing of context specific policy at nationaland global levels that more effectively combines
migration and agriculture/rural change.

GADRI Annual Report 2019—92

GADRI Annual Report — AsiaJapan

GADRI Annual Report 2019—93

GADRI Annual Report — JapanJapan

GADRI Annual Report 2019—94

GADRI Annual Report — Japan

Japan and Oceania
Research Center for Potential Development of Disaster Prevention, Akita University
Asian Disaster Reduction Center (ADRC)
Center for Disaster Management Informatics Research, Ehime University
International Centre for Water Hazard and Risk Management (ICHARM) under the auspices of UNESCO
International Consortium on Landslides (ICL)
Crisis & Security Management Research Center, Kagawa University
Research and Education Center for Natural Hazards, Kagoshima University
Institute of Nature and Environmental Technology, Kanazawa University
Research Center for Social Safety Science, Faculty of Safety Science, Kansai University
Research and Development Center of Fire and Environmental Safety (RDFES), The University of Kita Kyushu
Research Center for Urban Safety and Security (RCUSS), Kobe University
Implementation Research and Education System Center for Reducing Disaster Risk (IRESC), Kumamoto
University
Institute of Disaster Area Revitalization, Regrowth and Governance (IDiARRG), Research Institute for DisasterArea Reconstruction, Kwansei Gakuin University
Disaster Prevention Research Institute (DPRI), Kyoto University
Graduate School of Global Environmental Studies (GSGES), Kyoto University
Disaster Risk Reduction Research Center, Faculty of Engineering, Kyushu University
Research Institute for Applied Mechanics (RIAM), Kyushu University
Center of Environmental Science and Disaster Mitigation for Advanced Research (CEDAR), Muroran Instituteof Technology
Advanced Disaster Prevention Engineering Center (ADPEC), Nagoya Institute of Technology
Disaster Mitigation Research Center (DMRC), Nagoya University
National Research Institute for Earth Science and Disaster Resilience (NIED)
Research Institute for Natural Hazards & Disaster Recovery, Niigata University
Research Initiative for Natural Disaster Prevention of Oil and Gas Spill in Industrial Parks, Graduate School ofEngineering, Osaka University
Graduate School of Human Sciences, Faculty of Human Sciences, Osaka University
Frontier Research Center for Natural Disaster Mitigation, Ritsumeikan University
Institute of Disaster Mitigation for Urban Cultural Heritage (R-DMUCH), Ritsumeikan University
Disaster Prevention Research Center for Island Regions, University of the Ryukyus
International Research Institute of Disaster Science (IRIDeS), Tohoku University
Center for Urban Earthquake Engineering (CUEE), Tokyo Institute of Technology
Earthquake Research Institute (ERI), The University of TokyoGADRI Annual Report 2019—95

GADRI Annual Report — Japan

Asian Disaster Reduction Center (ADRC), Japan
https://www.adrc.asia

ADRC Disaster Report on 2019 Typhoon Hagibis (No.1)
1. Overview:
On 12 October 2019, a large and powerful
typhoon, Hagibis, locally named as Typhoon
No.19 made a landfall in Shizuoka Prefecture,
about 100 km southwest of Tokyo, passing
through eastern and north-eastern regions until
early morning of 13 October. Central andnorthern parts of the country were severely
affected by strong winds and heavy rainfall andsubsequent floods and geohazards.
From 24 to 25 October 2019, low pressure
passed through western, eastern and northern
regions along the Pacific coast, bringing anotherheavy rainfall in the Pacific coast of Kanto andTohoku regions,especially Chiba
andFukushima Prefectures. The rainfall resulted infloods and geohazards again, causing humanand physical damages to the typhoon-hit areas.
According to the report of the Cabinet Office, asof 20 November 2019, 101 persons were killed
or went missing while 481 persons were injured.
About 2,400 houses were totally collapsed andover
33,000housesweredamaged.
Furthermore, some 50,000 houses wereinundated1.

2. Outline of Typhoon Hagibis:
Typhoon Hagibis was formed on 6 October inthe south of Minamitori Island, developing intolarge and strong typhoon, with its centralpressure at 915hPa and maximum sustained
winds at 55m/s.
When it landed on Izu Peninsula, Shizuoka
Prefecture on 12 October with the strength of
955hPa, maximum 40m/s, categorized as strong
in the country, the area within its 600km-radiusfrom the typhoon center was forecast as strong
wind.

Figure 1. Total Precipitation from 10 – 13 October(Source: Japan Meteorological Agency)
For example, in Hakone, Kanagawa Prefecture, total
precipitation reached 1001.5 mm. Also, record highwaves and storm surges were observed mainly in the
Pacific coast.

3. Early Warning:With the typhoon approaching, Japan Meteorological
Agency (JMA) started to issue Tropical Cyclone
Information, forecast and warning and advisory, as wellas information on landslide, inundation, flood etc. Heavy
Rain Emergency Warning, its highest alert level wasissued to Shizuoka, Kanagawa, Tokyo, Saitama, Gunma,
Yamanashi,
Nagano,Ibaraki,Tochigi,
Niigata,
Fukushima, Miyagi and Iwate prefectures on 12 and 13
October.

4. Evacuation:
Followed by JMA’s information, municipalities issued
Evacuation Order to over 2.1 million people in 11
prefectures and Evacuation Advisory to over 4.3 million
people in 16 prefectures.
It is reported that some 219,000 people actually
evacuated to evacuation shelters.

The typhoon brought about heavy rainfalls inwide areas of Kanto (eastern) and Tohoku (north-eastern) regions of the country, where rainfalls
exceeded past records in hourly, daily and total
precipitation in more than 120 areas.
1

The figures include data of the impact of heavy rain on 2426 October 2019

GADRI Annual Report 2019—96

Dr. Shiomi Yumi
E-mail: ys-shiomi@adrc.asia

GADRI Annual Report — Japan

Prefecture

Evacuation
Order

Evacuated(Urgent)
Iwate

185,918

9,930

Miyagi983,136

10,104

Fukushima

302,853

3,590

Ibaraki

204,910

19,595

Tochigi

TBC

19,822

Gunma

11,7505,213

Saitama

TBC

30,147

Chiba

25,195

Tokyo

196,545

76,235Kanagawa

0

6,648

Niigata

39,087

3,878

Nagano134,260

7,435

Shizuoka

47,49485

Others2

1,006

TOTAL

2,105,953

218,883(Source: CAO, as at 13:00, 13 October 2019)

5. Impacts:
Flooding:
River overflows and damages to embankments andriver facilities occurred, causing floods in many areas
causing human and physical damages. According toMinistry of Land, Infrastructure, Transport and Tourism(MLIT), river embankments collapsed at 140 areas in
71 rivers. Total inundation area reached 25,000 ha.

521,540
housesand suspension ofwater supply tomaximum 167,986
houses.

7. Government
Response
At the onset of thedisaster,
Emergency
DisasterManagement
Headquarters wasestablished on 13
October 2019. Dueto the severity ofthedisaster,Disaster Relief Act
was applied to 390
Figure 2. Estimated inundation areamunicipalities in 14of the Chikuma Riverprefectures. Also it(Source: Geospatial Information
was designated as
Authority of Japan)
disaster of extreme
severity under the Act on Special Financial Support to
Deal with Designated Disaster of Extreme Severity on
29 October 2019.

References:•

Cabinet Office of Japan (Japanese), Situation of2019 Typhoon Hagibis
http://www.bousai.go.jp/
updates/r1typhoon19/index.html•

Japan Meteorological Agency -The Heavy Rain
Event by Typhoon Hagibis in October 2019 -Portal-http://www.jma.go.jp/jma/
en/201910_Heavyrain/2019_Heavyrain.html•

Geospatial Information Authority of Japan—Aerial
photos and estimated inundation area—https://www.gsi.go.jp/BOUSAI/R1.taihuu19gou.html•

Ministry of Land, Infrastructure, Transport andTourism—About Situations by 2019 Typhoon
Hagibishttp://www.mlit.go.jp/saigai/
saigai_191012.html-Damages to Human and Houses:•

Due to the typhoon 98 persons lost lives and 3 went
missing. 40 persons were seriously injured and 441
persons were slightly injured.

Asian Disaster Reduction Center
www.adrc.asia/•

Disaster Information - https://www.adrc.asia/
view_disaster_en.php
NationCode=392&Lang=en&Key=2357

Sediment disaster:Many sediment disasters occurred triggered by heavy
rainfall. According to MLIT, 954 cases were reported
including 423 debris flows, 44 landslides and 487 slope
failures in Iwate, Miyagi, Fukushima, Tochigi, Gunma,
Saitama,
Chiba,
Ibaraki,Tokyo,
Kanagawa,
Yamanashi, Nagano, Niigata, Shizuoka, Ishikawa,Akita, Aomori, Mie and Wakayama prefectures.

6. Damages:
Typhoon Hagibis and subsequent low pressure caused
tremendous damages to human and properties.

As for houses, 2,419 houses were totally collapsed
while 16,331 were halfly damaged and another 17,414
were partially damaged.
-Damages to Properties:
Due to the typhoon, many critical infrastructures andlifelines suffered serious damages, causing suspensionof services such as loss of electricity in maximum2- https://

Others include Aomori (91), Akita (77), Yamagata(300), Ishikawa (4), Yamanashi (343), Gifu (29), Aichi(75), Mie (83), Osaka (2) and Yamaguchi (2).

GADRI Annual Report 2019—97

GADRI Annual Report — Japan

International Centre for Water Hazard and Risk
Management under the auspices of UNESCO(ICHARM), Japan
http://www.icharm.pwri.go.jp/
International Centre
for Water Hazard
andRisk
Management(ICHARM) under the
auspicesof
UNESCOwasestablished as a
UNESCO category II
center and a part of
the Public Works
Research Institute ofJapan on 6th March
2006.
The mission is toserve as the Global
4th United Nations Special Thematic Session on Water and Disasters
Centre of Excellence
for Water HazardandRiskii) Effective capacity building
Management by observing and analyzing naturaland social phenomena, developing methodologies
ICHARM offers a one-year master’s degree
and tools, building capacities, creating knowledge
program, “Water-related Disaster Management
networks, and disseminating lessons andCourse of Disaster Management Policy Program
information in order to help governments and all(JICA Training Program: Flood Disaster Risk
stakeholders manage risks of water related hazards
Reduction),” in collaboration with JICA and theat global, national, and community levels.
National Graduate Institute for Policy Studies(GRIPS).This program is targeted at officials of
To achieve the mission, ICHARM has conductedadministrative organizations and designed for themvarious activities based on its three pillars, i)
to obtain master’s degree within a single year. On
innovative research, ii) effective capacity building,
11th September 2019, the 12th batch of 7 students
and iii) efficient information networking, includingfrom 7 countries graduated, and in the following
following special topics;
month, the 13th batch of 11 students entered thei) Innovative research
program from 6 countries.
The future flood risk associated with climatechange in three cities in Vietnam was estimated on
the ADB project. For the evaluation, GCMs that
more appropriately expresses the climatecharacteristics of the target area were selectedfrom CMIP5, and the uncertainty of the future
results was evaluated by statistically downscaling
the selected GCMs. In addition, the results of MRIAGCM was physically downscaled to create futureclimate scenario and using RRI (Rainfall runoff andinundation model), the increase in flood area andinundation depth in the future compared to thepresent condition was evaluated. Establishment ofmonitoring and forecasting system for agricultural
drought in Ceara State, Brazil started on the WB
project.

And ICHARM also provides a doctoral program incollaboration with GRIPS to produce experts whoare capable of making policies on water-related
disaster risk management and taking the leadershipin implementing them. On 11th September 2019,
the 7th batch of 2 students from 2 countries
graduated.

GADRI Annual Report 2019—98

Prof. Toshio Koike
E-mail: t-koike@pwri.go.jp

GADRI Annual Report — Japan

Graduation Ceremony—11th September 2019iii) Efficient information networking
The International Flood Initiative (IFI) is aworldwide framework to promote collaboration inflood
management
among
internationalorganizations such as UNESCO, WMO, UNU and
UNDRR. As the IFI secretariat, ICHARM proposed
the basic action plan of IFI, which was adopted as
the Jakarta Statement. Under the IFI, ICHARM
supports the establishment of “Platforms on Water
Resilience and Disasters” in the Philippines,
Myanmar, Sri Lanka, and newly Indonesia from2019.

and regional conferences such as the 51st Annual
Session of the Typhoon Committee (TC), a joint
intergovernmental body of WMO and UNESCAP,
held from 25 February to 2 March 2019, in
Guangzhou, China, the 4th United Nations Special
Thematic Session on Water and Disasters held on
24 June 2019 at the UN Headquarter in New York,USA, and World BOSAI Forum 2019 held on 9-12
November 2019 in Sendai, Japan, for example.

At the opportunity of the 12th Asia-Oceania Groupon Earth Observations (AOGEO) Symposium, theAsian Water Cycle Initiative (AWCI) session washeld on 2-4 November 2019, in Canberra,
Australia. The experts and representatives fromthe IFI implementing countries participated anddiscussed issues on the promotion of regional
cooperation among these countries.
ICHARM is also active in creating and developing
the international networking through organizing
the sessions and participating in the major global

Japan-World Bank Seminar on water and disasters

GADRI Annual Report 2019—99

GADRI Annual Report — Japan

Center for Disaster Countermeasures (CDC)
The University of Kitakyushu, Japan
http://www.env.kitakyu-u.ac.jp/ja/shoubou/

Seminar on environmentallyfriendly firefighting agent on
Sep 27, 2019 held at the
University of Kitakyushu

During2019,
theCenterfor
DisasterCountermeasures continued under the international
cooperation project in Hai Phong city, Vietnam. We
aim to enhance capability of cross-linkage
cooperation and coordination across various
emergency management teams that deal withnatural and man-made hazards. Commonly usedtraining method of emergency responders in Vietnam
is drills. Use of table-top and functional exercises islimited in its scope. In this project, we introduce
methodology of designing, conducting andevaluating table-top and functional exercises that are
intended to improve communication among
emergency management teams and upgrade theircooperation/coordination skills. This is a Japan
International Cooperation Agency (JICA) funded
project. Our counterpart in the city is Hai Phong
Firefighting and Prevention Police. This year’s
largest event was the cross-linkage functional
exercise held in Hai Phong International Hospital in
November in which we examined information sharing
and decision-making capability of various medical,
security and firefighting teams.

The Center for Disaster Countermeasures held threeprofessional seminars on the characteristics andusage of environmentally friendly firefighting agent.
This agent was invented in Kitakyushu city thanks to
the researchers and practitioners in our university,
Kitakyushu Fire Department, Shabondama Soap
Co., Ltd, and Morita Holdings Co. Researchers andengineers from these organizations acted asteachers of these events. More than 160 participantsjoined from 39 fire departments across the country.

Prof. Takaaki Kato
E-mail: tkato@kitakyu-u.ac.jp

GADRI Annual Report 2019—100

GADRI Annual Report — Japan

Institute of Disaster Area Revitalization,
Regrowth and Governance, Kwansei Gakuin
University Japan
http://www.fukkou.net/overview/index.en.html

Project activities
During 2019, the institutecontinued
to
implement
following research activities.
•

Study on establishment of
mid-andlongterm
evacuation
plans
innuclearpower
plant
regions.

•

Study on upland relocation in the planning of
pre-disaster recovery and revitalization for
the Nankai trough Mega Earthquake•

International comparative study on disasterrecovery and revitalization policies

Various study groups were organized for
discussing the above issues. Each study groupcooperates with academics, government officers,
and NGO/NPO workers for cross sectoral learning.

Policy Advocacy
The institute finalized a draft proposal for acomprehensive act for affected people. It wasannounced at the press conference on Aug.29,
2019.

struggling in this disaster prone country. Thesevaluable pieces of knowledge, however, tend to beshared only within the affected area, and often
fails to transfer to other areas. We organize a
network meeting once a year to mutually sharethese lessons from various disaster affected areasin Japan.
In 2019, The theme was: “Message from Tohoku
to the disaster expected places in the future” Thefirst day was a network meeting with thespecialists from various disaster-affected areas
and the people from disaster expected places by
the Nankai Trough Earthquake. The meeting
focused what Tohoku learned from the disasterand how the expected cities need to be prepared.
The second day was a symposium and panel
discussion. There were more than 200 participantsat the meeting and forum.

An annual network meeting and forum
The institute organized an annual network meetingof disaster-affected areas in Japan from January
12-13, 2019. There are various types of “recovery
andrevitalization
knowledge”
which emerge after adisaster.
They
serve as a usefulpolicy and help
us to design a new social
system forsupporting the affected people who are

GADRI Annual Report 2019—101

Prof. Masayuki Noro
E-mail: masa1117yuki@kwansei.ac.jp

GADRI Annual Report — Japan

Disaster Prevention Research Institute(DPRI) Kyoto University, Japan
http://www.dpri.kyoto-u.ac.jp/en/

Atmosphere-Hydrosphere Research Group
Typhoon Disasters in Japan in 2019
By Tetsuya Takemi

Figure 1: The track (left) and intensity (right) of Typhoon Faxai. Figure obtained from Digital
Typhoon (http://agora.ex.nii.ac.jp/digital-typhoon/summary/wnp/s/201915.html.en)
1. Overview
In 2019, the number of typhoon occurrences is 29, alittle larger than the climatological annual mean (i.e.,25.6). Considering the usual monthly sources, theoccurrence of typhoons were above normal average
for autumn (September, October, and November).
Among the 29 typhoons, 15 typhoons approachcloser to the Japanese islands, and 5 typhoons
made landfall. There were two major typhoons thatmade landfall and caused severe disasters: the 15th
typhoon (Faxai) and the 19th typhoon (Hagibis),which occurred in September and October,
respectively. Because of the severe damages due tothese typhoons, Japan Meteorological Agency
named them as Reiwa-1 Boso Peninsula Typhoon(Faxai) and Reiwa-1 East Japan Typhoon (Hagibis),
according to the regions where the severest
damages occurred. The two typhoons caused
different aspects of disasters. Faxai generated
severe winds in the Kanto region, especially in Chiba
Prefecture, and caused wind-induced disasters,
while Hagibis produced extreme rainfalls in the
Kanto and Tohoku regions and caused widespreadfloodings and landslides. In this report, somecharacteristics of Faxai and Hagibis are described.

and intensified up to the minimum surface centralpressure of 955 hPa and the maximum surface windof 45 m/s. It made landfall over the Kanto region withthe maximum surface wind of 40 m/s, which is thestrongest landfalling typhoon in the Kanto region
since 1991, i.e., the time when the observed records
are available. Figure 1 shows the track and intensity
of Typhoon Faxai.
During this typhoon landfall, the maximum
instantaneous surface winds over the Boso
Peninsula, which is located in the eastern side of thetyphoon center, are 48.4 m/s at Tateyama, 40.8 m/s
Katsuura, 49.0 m/s at Kisarazu, 57.5 m/s at Chiba,45.8 m/s at Narita, and 40.4 m/s at Choshi. Owing tothese strong winds, there were severe damages tohouses, trees, forest, power lines, etc.

Dr. Tetsuya Takemi
E-mail: takemi@storm.dpri.kyoto-u.ac.jp

2. Typhoon Faxai
Typhoon Faxai, the 15th typhoon in 2019, developed
at 0300 JST (Japan Standard Time) 5 September,
GADRI Annual Report 2019—102

GADRI Annual Report — JapanThe damages to power lines caused power
shutdown in widespread regions in Chiba
Prefecture and the surrounding areas.

On the western side of the typhoon center, i.e., in
the Tokyo metropolitan areas, the maximum
instantaneous winds are 31.4 m/s at Tokyo, 43.7
m/s at Haneda, and 36.5 m/s at Edogawa-Rinkai.
The Tokyo observation site is located in the
Kitanomaru Park, to the north of the Imperial
Palace, where natural winds are expected to berecorded. However, within densely built urban
districts the instantaneous winds may be severer
than those observed in sparsely built, widespread
open spaces. For example, the maximum
instantaneous winds in the business district ofOsaka City during the passage of Typhoon Jebi
(2018) were estimated as 60-70 m/s, which wasmuch stronger than the record (47.4 m/s) at the
Osaka meteorological observation site. This isdue to the turbulent mixing of high momentum atthe boundary-layer top towards the surface levels(Takemi et al. 2019). Therefore, the maximum
instantaneous winds are considered to be muchhigher in the densely built urban districts of Tokyo
than the observed value of 31.4 m/s. Quantitative
estimations of such instantaneous winds can be
conducted with building-resolving, high-resolution
numerical simulations by a computational fluid
dynamics model. The study is currently underway.

3. Typhoon Hagibis
Typhoon Hagibis (2019), which intensified with its
lifetime minimum central surface pressure of 915
hPa and made landfall over Japan in October
2019, caused heavy rainfalls and spawned
devastating damages in eastern Japan. There
were more than 100 dead or missing (Cabinet
Office 2019). At the Hakone station, the daily
rainfall on 12 October was 922.5 mm, which brokethe daily rainfall record in Japan. In contrast to theJuly 2018 heavy rainfall in central and westernJapan, which lasted more than 72 hours, theheavy rainfall by Typhoon Hagibis was mostly
concentrated within 24 hours. In other words, thistyphoon-induced heavy rainfall is characterized asconcentrated rainfall with stronger intensities but
shorter duration than found in the July 2018 heavy
rainfall. Here we investigate the environmental
factors for the occurrence of heavy rainfalls ineastern Japan during the passage of Typhoon
Hagibis.

The total amount of rainfall for 5 days including
the period of the Typhoon Hagibis landfall, as
calculated with hourly radar/rain gauge analysedrainfalls data, is shown in Fig. 2. A large amountof rainfall exceeding 200 mm extends in theeastern part of Japan. During this time period, themaximum amount among observed at surface
stations is 1020.5 mm at Hakone, which is about 3
times as large as the October mean and about
one third of the annual mean precipitation at thatsite.

Figure 2: The accumulated rainfall amount (mm) during the period
from 0000 JST 10 October to 2400 JST 14 October 2019.

GADRI Annual Report 2019—103

GADRI Annual

Report —Figure 3: The distribution of 6-hourly rainfall (mm) (left) during 1200 and 1800 JST
and (right) during 1800 and 2400 JST on 12 October 2019.

The rainfalls are mainly concentrated on 12 October
2019. Figure 3 shows the spatial patterns of 6-hourly
rainfall in the afternoon of 12 October 2019. The areaof rainfall greater than 160 mm is seen to spreadwidely.
Atmospheric environmental indices for diagnosing
stability and moisture conditions were examined withthe use of gridded atmospheric analysis dataset.
From the study of Takemi and Unuma (2020), it was
found that the whole troposphere is almost saturated
and the column total water vapor content isextremely large. In the lower troposphere we
identified layers of moist absolutely unstable stateswith the thickness deeper than 2 km. Such deep
moist absolutely unstable layers as well as abundantmoisture content and almost saturated troposphereset a high potential for convective development.
Under these favorable environmental conditions, thefact that the heights of the absolutely unstable layers’
bottom are comparable to the mountain elevations is
considered to be favorable for topographic lifting of
unstable, moist air, which will trigger and activate
strong convection and hence heavy rainfall. In spiteof a moderate amount of convective available
potential energy and a nearly moist-adiabatic lapse
rate, moist absolute instability, abundant moisture,and high humidity jointly play a key role to increase
the potential for generating the present heavy
rainfalls.

The damages due to strong winds and heavy
rainfalls from Typhoon Faxai and Hagibis resulted
not only from the severity of the typhoon hazards but
also from exposure and vulnerability, which elevatedthe degree of disaster risks. The tracks of the two
typhoons are considered to be the worst for theoccurrence of strong winds and heavy rainfalls.

References•

Cabinet Office, 2019: A report on damages by
Typhoon Hagibis (2019). The version of 2
December
2019.
(http://www.bousai.go.jp/
updates/r1typhoon19/pdf/r1typhoon19_41.pdf)•

Takemi, T., and T. Unuma, 2020: Environmental
factors for the development of heavy rainfall inthe eastern part of Japan during Typhoon
Hagibis (2019). SOLA, 16, 30-36, doi:10.2151/
sola.2020-006.

•

Takemi, T., T. Yoshida, S. Yamasaki, and K.
Hase, 2019: Quantitative estimation of strong
winds in an urban district during Typhoon Jebi
(2018) by merging mesoscale meteorologicaland large-eddy simulations. SOLA, 15, 22-27,
doi:10.2151/sola.2019-005.

4. Concluding remarks

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Disaster Prevention Research Institute(DPRI) Kyoto University, Japan
http://www.dpri.kyoto-u.ac.jp/en/

Integrated Arts and Sciences for Disaster
Reduction Research Group
American Alliance of Hazards and Disaster
Research Institutes (NAAHDRI). On
Sunday, July 14, 2019, NAAHDRI held its
first official meeting to discuss futurepriorities for research, education, and policy
advocacy.

Establishment of The North
American Alliance of Hazards
and Disaster ResearchInstitutes (NAAHDRI)

The meeting was chaired by the newly
elected Board of Directors, and over 40
center and institute directors attended. In
addition, Prof. Tatano from the Global
Alliance of Disaster Research Institutes(GADRI) was present at the meeting.
During the meeting, the members of therecently elected Board of Directors wereintroduced, and new members andcontributors were acknowledged andwelcomed. The meeting proceeded with a
discussion of priorities for year 1, a
brainstorming session of longer-term
visions for the Alliance, and theestablishment of a process for engagementwith and communication among NAAHDRI
members.

Last summer, a group of directors ofuniversity-based hazards and disasterlaboratories, centers, and institutes voted toadopt a charter for forming the North

Visit by Federal University ofCampina Grande (UFCG), Brazil

his two-week visit to Kobe University. One
agenda item in particular related to increasing
GADRI visibility in Brazil and active contributions
to support GADRI activities. Prof. Galvão is also
an alumni of DPRI, Kyoto University.
of priorities for year 1, a brainstorming sessionof longer-term visions for the Alliance, and theestablishment of a process for engagement withandcommunication
among
NAAHDRI
members.

Dr. Subhajyoti Samaddar
Prof. Carlos de OliveiraGalvãofrom the Federal University of Campina
Grande, Brazil visited DPRI, Kyoto University
and GADRI Secretariat on 30 May 2019 during

Associate Professor
E-mail: samaddar@storm.dpri.kyoto-u.ac.jp

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Disaster Prevention Research Institute(DPRI) Kyoto University, Japan
http://www.dpri.kyoto-u.ac.jp/en/

Geohazards Research GroupLandslides Induced by Typhoon Hagibis 2019
By: Chigira et al. (Disaster Prevention Research Institute,
Kyoto University)•

Typhoon Hagibis crossed the Japanese Islands •from 12 to 13, October 2019, and brought record‐breaking rainfall and strong wind.

•This typhoon induced river floods and landslides
in eastern Japan and caused tremendous
damage with 93 fatalities and 3 missing.

This paper reports the characteristics of 3 fatallandslide areas, referring to the possibility of
their prediction.

Locations of fatal landslides induced bytyphoon Hagibis

Tomioka: 4:32 pm 12 Oct
Pyroclastic fall
3 fatalities
Marumori: about 10:30 pm 12 Oct
Weathered granite
4 fatalities
Magino: 9:45 pm 12 Oct
Andesite lava and volcanic soil
2 fatalities

Prof. Masahiro Chigira
E-mail: chigira@slope.kyoto-u.ac.jp

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Landslides induced by typhoon Hagibis in Tomioka, Gunma
By: Masahiro Chigira, (Division of Geohazards, DPRI-KU, 19 October 2019•

Location: Takumi, Tomioka, Gunma Prefecture•

Occurrence: 4:30 pm, 12 October, 2019•

3 fatalities

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GADRI Annual Report — Japan

Summary

Points to be noted•

Landslide occurred on gentle slopes with 20°angle
on a margin of a terrace.

••

Slid materials were pyroclastic fall deposits up to 3
m thick on less permeable mudflow deposits.

Slid materials and sliding horizons were of
pyroclastic materials from the Asama volcano,which must be distributed around the landslide
slopes.

•Sliding surface was made in the lower part of AsMP (pumice), which was weathered to be clayeymaterials.

•

The reason why only these slopes slid is assumed
to be:•••

As‐MP layer was eroded underground at the rimof the terrace, where bedding dip becomessteeper toward downslope.

Beds warped convex upward, steepening
downslope.

•This underground erosion formed piping holes,
where water pressure could have been build-up to
trigger the landslides.

So, the groundwater velocity must have been
faster downslope, which facilitatedunderground erosion.

•

The vegetations on the landslide slopes seemto be less than the surrounding.

•

The underground erosion we observed suggeststhat water springs must have been at the foot of
the slopes. Behaviour of the spring might havebeen a key for the landslide prediction.

For the full report, visit the website: https://www.dpri.kyoto-u.ac.jp/disaster_report_en/#13049

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Disaster Prevention Research Institute(DPRI) Kyoto University, Japan
http://www.dpri.kyoto-u.ac.jp/en/

Seismic and Volcanic Hazards Mitigation
Research Group
Damage survey report for the 2019 Yamagata
Earthquake
By Prof. James Mori and Dr. Masumi Yamada
An earthquake with JMA magnitude of 6.7
occurred off Yamagata Prefecture at 22:22 onJune 18, 2019. In addition to recording seismic
intensity 6 upper in Murakami City, Niigata
Prefecture, and seismic intensity 6 lower in
Tsuruoka City, Yamagata Prefecture, strong
shaking occurred from Hokkaido to central
Japan. The Earthquake Hazards Divisionperformed a field survey in the damaged area,
including visual inspection of the building
damage, microtremor observations, andphotographing of roof damage by a drone.

Building damage was particularly severe in the
coastal region near the border between
Yamagata and Niigata Prefectures. In
Koiwagata,
TsuruokaCity,
Yamagata
Prefecture, tilt of storehouse, fallen roof tiles,
fallen tombstones, and fallen mortar walls wereobserved.
Based on the drone aerial photos, thepercentage of houses with damaged roof tiles
is about 30%. In the Fuya, Murakami City,
Niigata Prefecture, where JMA seismic
intensity 6 upper was recorded, we observed
only a few percent of buildings with damaged ofroof tiles, a collapse of a retaining wall
embankment, and fallen ceiling panels in agym.

Prof. James Mori
E-mail: mori@eqh.dpri.kyoto-u.ac.jp

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Although strong shaking with seismic intensity 6
upper was recorded, we did not observe any
collapsed buildings. The improvement of seismic
performance of buildings and the relatively short-period ground motion are likely reasons why
there were no casualties for this earthquake.

http://www.eqh.dpri.kyoto-u.ac.jp/~masumi/
eq/20190618yamagataEQ.pdf

Acknowledgement:

Conclusion•

For further details, please visit the website.

Heavily damaged towns
Koiwagawa>Nezugaseki>Ohiwagawa=Fuya(JMA6+)•

Liquefaction and collapse of sumo field are
unusual damage in Tsuruoka city. The
damage in general was less than coastal
towns.

•

Damage in Nezugaseki is similar to that in
Ibaraki city during 2018 Osaka EQ. The
disaster may be more serious if the EQ
happens in a large city

GADRI Annual Report 2019—111

We thank JMA and NIED for providing strong
motion data. We acknowledge local people forsupporting our survey. We used the
topographical map provided by Geospatial
Information Authority of Japan.

GADRI Annual Report — Japan

Disaster Prevention Research Institute(DPRI) Kyoto University, Japan
http://www.dpri.kyoto-u.ac.jp/en/

Integrated Arts and Sciences for
Disaster Reduction Research Group
Collaborative Activities
Disaster Prevention Research Institute,
Kyoto University (DPRI-KU) has launched aresearch academic hub for emergency risk
management for Aviation under large-scale
eruption.
Mt. Sakurajima located at theSouth edge of Kyushu Island, the west ofJapan and it is expected that thetremendous volume of volcanic ash will bedisseminated and covers the most of
territory of Japan if its large-scale eruption
occurs.
The last large-scale eruption(Taisho eruption) occurred in 1914 after
135 years later of large-scale eruption(An'ei eruption) in 1779. Given the fact that
more than 100 years has passed since thelast large-scale eruption, a next large-scale
eruption is likely to occur in several
decades.

Volcanic ash Aircrafts’ jet engines are vulnerable
to volcanic ash floating in the air. Due to thetechnical vulnerability of aircraft, the global
aviation network, particularly in Europe suffered
great disruption in 2010 after the large-scale
eruption of Eyjafjallajökull in Iceland. Expectedlarge-scale eruption of Mt. Sakurajima will be thefirst catastrophic case after the modern aviation
network has developed in Japan.

experts from Iceland, Indonesia and Taiwan in
additional to domestic members. DPRI-KU andassociate institutes, organizations including the civil
aviation authority and airlines are working closely
for setting up an emergency response systemutilizing precursors of eruption to minimize thedamage on domestic and international aviationtransport due to large-scale eruption.

Sakurajima Volcano Observatory of DPRI has
continuously promoted academic studies
researches to develop technologies forforecasting eruption and dissemination scenario
before the eruption.
Dr. Masamitsu Onishi
An international workshop was held from 17 to 18
February 2019 in Kagoshima where Mt. Sakurajima
locates, inviting international academics and

GADRI Annual Report 2019—112

Associate Professor
E-mail: onishi.masamitsu.7e@kyoto-u.ac.jp

GADRI Annual Report — Japan

Frontier Research Center for Natural Disaster Mitigation
Ritsumeikan University, Japan
http://www.ritsumei.ac.jp/file.jsp?id=229345&/f=.pdf

The Frontier Research Center for Natural •Disaster Mitigation actively proposes effective
natural disaster mitigation measures using
interdisciplinary research teams. The Center
aims to function as a core center forinvestigating disasters, etc., in regions recently
affected by disasters (such as earthquakes and •torrential rains), and as a core center fordisaster mitigation education.

18 October 2019: 2nd Seminar of Frontier
Research Center for Natural Disaster
Mitigation “Forefront of structures related
disaster prevention”

November and December 2019: Field
Survey on natural disasters caused by
Typhoon Hagibis 2019

In 2019, we engaged in the following activities:•

18 January 2019: Symposium of Frontier
Research Center for Natural Disaster
Mitigation “Actual situation of the westernJapan heavy rain disaster in 2018”•19 July 2019: 1st Seminar of Frontier
Research Center for Natural Disaster
Mitigation “ICT in disaster prevention”

Prof. Yoshifumi Satofuka
Director
E-mail: satofuka@se.ritsumei.ac.jp

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Institute of Disaster Mitigation for Urban Cultural
Heritage (R-DMUCH), Ritsumeikan University Japan
http://www.r-dmuch.jp/en/

Exercise for Emergency Response

The Institute of Disaster Mitigation for Urban
Cultural Heritage at Ritsumeikan University (R-DMUCH) has been acting as a focal point fororganizing international research, training andinformation network in the field of cultural
heritage risk management and disastermitigation.
The UNESCO Chair Programme on Cultural
Heritage and Risk Management - 14th
International Training Course (ITC) on
Disaster Risk Management of Cultural
Heritage 2019 was held for 3 weeks from 9 to
30 September 2019 with 12 participants from
Argentina, Armenia, Bangladesh, Ecuador,
Egypt, Iran, South Africa, Uganda and Italy.
Participants were managers of cultural
heritage, disaster risk management experts,
decision makers and government officials
involved in cultural heritage conservation ordisaster management.

Just as last year, this year the ITC focused ontheme “Towards Integrated Protection of
Immovable and Movable Cultural Heritage
from Disasters”. During the course, thetrainees have deepened an understanding of
not only various aspects of disaster risk
management of cultural heritage in Japan, butalso the distinctive issues and the previous
lessons which involve in the field of cultural
heritage conservation and the disaster risk
management in the world. All the lectures, site
visits, exercises and workshops are performedby the worldwide experts.

GADRI Annual Report 2019—114

Prof. Takeyuki Okubo
Director
E-mail: rekibou@st.ritsumei.ac.jp

GADRI Annual Report — Japan

This year also Ritsumeikan University
cooperated with the Japanese experts. So, thetrainees could learn a study of risk
management for both immovable and movablecultural heritage from last disasters in Japanand comprehensive countermeasures andapproaches. As the details of the course, thetrainees learned the disaster risk managementof cultural heritage from the various kind ofdisasters, and the emergency response formovable cultural heritage through the lecturesin the institute, the practical exercises in the
Kyoto National Museum, and site visits on thetemples and the Ponto-cho district in Kyoto. In
addition, they learned about the flood disasteroccurred in the Takeda, Asago-shi and
Hirafuku, Sayo-cho
and also a long-term
recovery process in Kobe area from the Great

Hanshin-Awaji (Kobe) Earthquake in 1995.

The training course is organized in cooperation
with the UNESCO, ICCROM, ICOM, ICOMOS/ICORP and relevant institutions of thegovernment of Japan. We will continue thisoutreach activities and dissemination of ourresearch outcomes to the international society.

Call for application for the ITC2020 will beannounced at our website:
http://www.r-dmuch.jp/en/project/itc.html

A Site Visit to Kiyomizu-dera World Heritage Site, Kyoto

GADRI Annual Report 2019—115

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International Research Institute of Disaster
Science (IRIDeS), Tohoku University, Japan
https://irides.tohoku.ac.jp/eng/

Report on the World Bosai Forum 2019

The World Bosai Forum/International Disaster Risk
Conference @ Sendai 2019 was successfully
convened in Sendai, Japan 9-12 November 2019with 871 participants from 38 countries andregions. Those who participated in the study tour
along with the forum saw the reconstruction of theareas affected by the Great East Japan
Earthquake and Tsunami. The total number ofparticipants reached approximately 11,000,
including exhibitors andvisitors tothesimultaneous event " Sendai Bosai Future Forum ""The 10th Earthquake Technology Expo Tohoku"
and general public visitors to the World Bosai
Forum. As in 2017, the event was a great success.

East Japan Earthquake and Tsunami, weresuitable for a global forum in terms of both quality
and quantity. In particular, there were many
sessions in which young people and companies
played a key role.
At the closing ceremony, following the presentationof the winners of the poster presentation, the"Chair's Summary" was announced, clarifying themain themes and trends of the discussion at theAt the forum, 50 oral sessions, 3 keynote
speeches, 47 poster sessions, 33 minipresentations, and 14 exhibition booths were held
to discuss the promotion of "Sendai Framework for
Disaster Risk Reduction, 2015 -2030" and inparticular the achievement of Global Target E,
which was a sub-theme of the forum. Specificsolutions to "BOSAI" were shared, and thecontents, including lessons learned from the Great

Prof. Yuichi Ono
Founder of the World Bosai Forum
E-mail: yono@irides.tohoku.ac.jp

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GADRI Annual Report — Japan

World Disaster Prevention Forum 2019, and stating
the issues for the next meeting. The main themes
were as follows: (1) Progress and issues regarding
the formulation of national and regional disasterrisk reduction plans required in the Sendai
Framework for Disaster Risk Reduction Target E,(2) Maturation of relatively new disaster risk
reduction fields and remaining issues, (3) Changes
in risks and uncertainties due to climate change, (4)Importance of the private sector in disaster risk
reduction, (5) New technologies and issues related
to disaster risk reduction, (6) Importance of theactivities and further participation of young and next
generation experts, (7) Continuation of disastermemory and awareness, and (8) Possibility ofreconstruction. At the Third World Bosai Forum, it
was proposed to encourage more active
participation of the private sector and young
people, and to hold well-planned sessions on
interdisciplinary approaches.

Yet, we cannot celebrate the forum's success in theface of frequent disasters. The results of the 2ndWorld Bosai Forum were presented in dedication to
the victims of the Great East Japan Earthquake
and Tsunami. As disasters believed to be theeffects of climate change occur frequently aroundthe world, the World Bosai Forum intends tocommunicate concrete solutions to adaptation
through dialogues among industry, government,
academia and the private sector, while valuing the
viewpoints of women and young people.
We would like to hold the 3rd World Bosai Forum in
November 2021, 10 years after the Great East
Japan Earthquake and Tsunami. We would like toplan a forum that meets this need and we lookforward to your continued support and cooperation.

Ono-kun appears casually in the World Bosai Forum.
Ono-kun is a cute stuffed toy knitted with stuffing socks, but theorigin of Ono-kun can be traced back to the Great Depressionthat began in the United States in the 1930s.
Source:http://www.worldbosaiforum.com/2019/english/
overview/index.html?id=onokun

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GADRI Annual Report — JapanGADRI Annual Report — Japan

Earthquake Research Institute (ERI)The University of Tokyo, Japan
http://www.eri.u-tokyo.ac.jp/en/
The mission of Earthquake Research Institute, theUniversity of Tokyo, since its beginning in 1925, is topromote scientific research on earthquakes andvolcanic eruptions and to develop methods for
mitigating related disasters. To achieve this goal,
about 80 faculty members and 40 support staff
conduct wide variety of research such as studies on
the basis of geophysical observations in Japan andabroad, structure and dynamics of the Earth’s
interior which drive earthquakes and volcanic
eruptions, multidisciplinary research of science andliteratureonhistoricalearthquakes
withHistoriographical Institute, real-time delivery andanalysis of large amount of seismic data using
Science Information Network, earthquake hazard
assessment by merging big data and highperformance computation.

Research highlights in 2019 include the Integrated
Research on Great Earthquakes and Disaster
Mitigation in Nepal Himalaya, where focusing on afuture great earthquake expected in Nepal
Himalayas and the highly populated and vulnerable
Kathmandu Valley, scientifically advanced seismic
hazard information is being provided andfundamentals to mitigate earthquake disaster isbeing built, by conducting researches on earthquake
potential evaluation, ground motion prediction,
seismic hazard assessment, earthquake observation
system, and education and policies (photo anddiagram). Center for Computational Earth Sciences
was newly established to promote high-speed
analysis of big data. The artificial intelligence (AI)trained with large volumes of high-resolution
simulation results, obtained by supercomputers

using high resolution subsurface structure model,
forecasts damages of large number of buildings incities.
As a Joint Usage/Research Center of Japanese
universities on earthquake and volcano sciences,
ERI organizes various joint research projects andactively conducts collaborative activities. The
nationwide “Earthquake and Volcano Hazards
Observation and Research Program” involving many
universities and research institutes across Japan
started a new five-year project in 2019.
Regarding the international collaboration, ERI hassigned agreements with about 20 foreignorganizations, and conducts or participates
collaborative research projects such as International
Muography Cooperative Research Organization,
Next generation Neutrino Science Organization,international marine geophysical observation
networks such as Pacific Array. ERI invites foreign
researchers as visiting faculty or researcher,educates graduate or internship students fromcountries outside Japan, and organizes international
summer schools for both undergraduate andgraduate students. Every year, more than 100
international researchers and students’ study in ERI.

GADRI Annual Report 2019—118

Prof. Kenji Satake
Director
E-mail: director@eri.u-tokyo.ac.jp

GADRI Annual Report — Oceania

Oceania

Australia

Fenner School of Environment & Society, Australian National University (ANU)

Australia

College of Health & Human Sciences, Charles Darwin University

Australia

Humanitarian, Emergency and Disaster Management, College of Indigenous
Futures, Arts and Society, Charles Darwin University

Australia

Centre for Disaster Studies, College of Science and Engineering, James Cook
University

Australia

Centre for Infrastructure Performance and Reliability, School of Engineering, The
University of Newcastle

Australia

Sustainability Research Centre, University of Sunshine Coast

Australia

Science and Engineering Faculty, Queensland University of Technology

Australia

Humanitarian & Development Research Initiative (HADRI), School of Social
Sciences and Psychology, Western Sydney University

Australia

School pf Earth and Environmental Sciences (SMAH), University of Wollongong

New Zealand

GNS Science

GADRI Annual Report 2019—119

GADRI Annual Report — Oceania
GADRI Annual Report — Oceania

Humanitarian, Emergency and Disaster Management,College of Indigenous Futures, Arts and SocietyCharles Darwin University, Australia
https://www.cdu.edu.au/indigenous-futures-arts-society

The Humanitarian, Emergency and Disaster
Management program at Charles Darwin
University delivers research and training inareas related to humanitarian aid anddevelopment,
emergencyandcrisismanagement, disaster risk reduction andclimate change adaption.
A project that examines the experiences andchallengesofemergency
management
volunteers in Australia and Japan was awarded
an Australia-Japan Foundation Grant for 2019 2020. The research includes fieldwork in the
Greater Darwin and Western Japan regions,and seeks to contribute to mutual learning in theemergency management sector.

Researchers from CDU, in collaboration with theInstitute of Resource Governance and Social
Change and World Vision, conducted fieldwork
in Central Sulawesi, Indonesia to better
understand the opportunities and constraints
around effective humanitarian cash transfers tomeet the needs of children affected by disasters.
CDU researchers also examined how to sustain
child-centred disaster resilience and climatechange adaption. The project, which took alongitudinal approach over 11 years from the
beginning to the end of the child-centred risk
reduction and safe school programs, wassupported by Plan International and Predikt
Indonesia.

CDU, alongside the Northern Territory
Emergency Services, the Northern Territory Fireand Rescue Service, St John Ambulance, andBushfires NT, delivered first aid, emergency
management and leadership training to Senior
Traditional Owners and Indigenous Rangers.
The five-day program was supported by theAustralianGovernment’s
Emergency
Management Volunteer Scholarship Fund
administered by the Australian Institute ofDisaster Resilience. The program contributed tomeaningful dialogue to manage disaster risks
and
build
resilienceamong
remotecommunities.

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Dr. Akhilesh Surjan
E-mail: Akhilesh.surjan@cdu.edu.au

GADRI Annual Report — Oceania

Researchers concluded that the progress ofchild-centred disaster reduction has been
incremental and that change and (dis)continuity of child-centred resilience disasterrisk reduction is best explained by a hybrid
approach to institutionalization.
CDU researchers conducted a field study
that examined how the Pacific Island statesof Fiji, the Solomon Islands and Vanuatu
adopt Post-Disaster Needs Assessment(PDNA) and how it translates into long-term
disaster recovery. Researchers identified
constraints and opportunities for PDNA in the
Pacific and how PDNA can be used to inform
long-term disaster recovery needs andplanning.
Researchers are currently collaborating with
Resilience Development Initiatives and
UNIEF and the Ministry of Education andCulture to conduct stocktaking research on
the implementation of comprehensive safe
schools in Indonesia between 2006 and2020. CDU researchers also began work with
the Indonesian Disaster Management
Society, supported by the Ministry of Social
Affairs and IFRC, to co-develop a nationalframeworktosystematicallyassesstransitional shelter in Indonesia. Such an

exercise will be the first in the world as it
aims to improve the quality of transitional
shelter by non-governmental actors inIndonesia and worldwide.
CDU has created a new bachelor’s degree in
Humanitarian Aid and Development thatenables students to understand and criticallyanalyseconcepts
ofcommunity
development, humanitarian practice anddevelopment aid and apply these concepts
through professional practice. With thesupport of New Colombo Plan short-term
mobility project funding, one student travelled
to Timor-Leste and participated in a range of
Red Cross Health Department activities,
including the design, monitoring andevaluation of humanitarian programs.

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GADRI Annual Report — Oceania

Humanitarian and Development Research Initiative (HADRI)
Western Sydney University, Australia
HADRI webpage link

HADRI Adjunct Fellow
A/Prof Bob Huish, Dalhousie University, Canada seminar: Disastermanagement as solidarity and capacity
building: The Case of
Cuba, 26 April 2019

Director of HADRI, Associate Professor
Nichole Georgeou got elected to the boardof the Development Studies Association ofAustralia (DSAA), the first professional
association for Development Studies inAustralia and to have worked on asubmission for a separate Field of
Research (FOR) code for Development
Studies for the Australian ResearchCouncil.

HADRI recently linked with colleagues in
the Pacific Islands, Europe and Australia ina €1.3 million (A$2 million) European
Commission-funded
project
focusing
on Family farming, Lifestyle and Health(FALAH) in the Pacific which links foodsystems to public health outcomes, with astrong focus on research translation,
capacity building and nutrition. FALAH willconduct fieldwork in four Pacific countries/
territories, Solomon Islands, Vanuatu, Fijiand New Caledonia to understand how
family farming is adapting to climatechange in peri-urban areas and the affects
this has on nutrition. HADRI has fivescholars involved in the FALAH project and
HADRI’s Director leads the Australian foodsecurity work group.

Assoc Prof. Nichole Georgeou
E-mail: N.Georgeous@westernsydney.edu.au

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GADRI Annual Report — Oceania

PhD candidate Spyros Schismenos presenting
HYDRA to academics and industry partners at
the Western Sydney University hosted Water
Research Symposium, 24 October, 2019

HADRI was contracted by Research forDevelopment Impact (RDI) Network to developa practical guide to Enhancing Research
Impact in International Development. The
Enhancing Research Impact in International
Development: a practical guide for practitioners
and researchers reflects best practice indevelopment research and contains numerous
tools to assist development researchers andpractitioners. This guide was launched in
February 2020 at the DSAA conference in
Melbourne.

HADRI has published extensively, including
contributions to UN reports, across its threemain thematic research areas. Thematic areas
include: Disaster Preparedness, Response andManagement; Migration and Diaspora andHuman Security and Sustainable Development.
Publications can be accessed here.

HADRI HDR student Spyros Schismenos
secured funding from International Hellenic
University for his research project Hydropowerfor
Disaster
Resilience
Applications(HYDRA) – Prototype Development in
Greece along with travel funding to field test
his project in Greece. Spyros was also the2019 recipient of SSAP’s Research Training
Program Scholarship. He is also a top 16
finalist for the Amplify Ignite 2019 awards(Australia’s leading business and innovation
platform).

HADRI Adjunct Fellow, Madhu Gautam, National Disaster Risk Reduction Centre(NDRC), Nepal public seminar: Climate
Change and Disaster Preparedness and Response in Nepal, 15 April, 2019.

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GADRI Annual Report — Oceania

Centre for Disaster Studies (CDS)James Cook University, Australia
https://www.jcu.edu.au/centre-for-disaster-studies

In late January/February 2019, Townsville andmuch of North Queensland was inundated with anunprecedented monsoon trough event whichbrought wide spread flooding and subsequentdamage to both communities and property. As theCentre and most of it’s researchers/staff arelocated in this region, research in 2019 focusedaround this event and providing advisory
assistance to local community, emergency
services and recovery efforts. In addition to
conducting a community-based survey andseveral presentations about this flood event, theCentre also conducted workshops relating to
impact assessment and undertaking disasterfieldwork. In October 2019 the Centre drafted aMemorandum of Understanding with Institute for
Research and Community Services, Universitas
Negeri Malang, Malang Indonesia for future
research and collaboration.
••

Gurtner, Y (2019) “Understanding Crisis
Management
for
Local
Disasters”.
Townsville Knowledge Exchange Series.
Townsville Enterprise 26 March 2019,
Townsville.

•

Gurtner, Y (2019)”Evolving the utility andpotential of social media in social impact
assessment”.
IAIA19:International
AssociationofImpactAssessment
Conference, 29 April - 2 May 2019, Brisbane•

Gurtner, Y (2019) “The Challenges ofDisaster Risk Reduction in Indonesia” and“Disaster Research Workshop”, International
Seminar, Plenary and Workshop Universitas
Negeri Malang (Keynote) 2-3 October,2019 Malang, Indonesia

Gurtner, Y (2019) February 2019 –Townsville Monsoon Flood Event Review.
Online survey and report (unpublished)

Dr. Yetta Gurtner
E-mail: yetta.gurtner@jcu.edu.au

GADRI Annual Report 2019—124

EuropeAfricaGADRI Annual Report 2019—125

EuropeAfricaGADRI Annual Report 2019—126

GADRI Annual Report — Europe

Austria

Center for Digital Safety and Security, Austrian Institute of Technology (AIT)Austria

Disaster Competence Network Austria (DCNA)

AustriaInternational Institute for Applied Systems Analysis, (IIASA)

Belgium

One Health Platform

Bulgaria

Department of Information Technologies and Communications, University of National and World
Economy (UNWE)

FranceBRGM (Bureau de Recherches Geologiques et Minieres)FranceCouncil of Europe

FranceInstitut Des Sciences de la Terre (ISTerre), Grenoble University

Germany

Center for Disaster Management and Risk Reduction Technology (CEDIM)

Germany

Disaster Research Unit, Department of Social and Political Sciences, Freie University Berlin

Germany

Institute for Advanced Sustainability Studies (IASS)

Germany

United Nations University, Institute for Environment and Human Security (UNU-EHS)

Iceland

Earthquake Engineering Research Centre, University of Iceland

Italy

European Commission, Joint Research Centre (JRC)

Italy

Department of Earth Sciences, University of Florence (Universita degli Studi di Firenze)

Italy

GEM Foundation

Slovakia

Faculty of Security Engineering, University of Zilina

SwedenStockholm Environment Institute (SEI)

SwedenRisk and Crisis Research Centre (RCRC), Mid Sweden University

Switzerland Global Risk Forum GRF Davos
Switzerland Faculty of Geosciences and the Environment, University of Lausanne
UK

Bournemouth University Disaster Management Centre (BUDMC)

UK

British Geological Survey

UK

Cabot Institute, University of Bristol

UK

Evidence Aid

UK

School of Business, Dept. Management, Innovation and Technology Division, University ofLeicesterUK

Institute for Risk and Disaster Reduction (IRDR), University College of London

UK

Loughborough Water Engineering Group (LWEG), School of Architecture, Building and Civil
Engineering, Loughborough University

UK

Global Disaster Resilience Centre, School of Art Design and Architecture, University of Huddersfield

UK

Disaster and Development Network (DDN), Department of Geography, Northumbria University

UK

Overseas Development Institute (ODI)

UK

Global Public Health, Public Health England (PHE)

UK

Centre for Disaster Resilience, University of Salford

UK

Swansea University

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Disaster Competence Network Austria (DCNA)
Austria
http://dcna.at/

In 2019 DCNA organized theAustrian Disaster Research Days
(ADRD19)with a focus on
preparedness for and prevention ofcrisis by implementing scientificfindings from disaster risk reduction
research. The conference took placefrom 14th to 15th October 2019 at
Technical University Graz. It brought
together stakeholders from public
and private sector, science as wellas humanitarian agencies. Several
parallel sessions were organized,
covering the following topics: (1)meteorological hazards, including
weather warning systems, flood
forecast and the influence of climatechange. (2) Critical infrastructurewith the scope on challenges inprotection, safety analysis andstrategies how to prepare and act in crisis. (3)Systematic perspectives of risks and (4)floods. Contributions on the second day ofthe event referred to scientific findings from amultidisciplinary field covering landslides,
avalanches, earthquakes and the safety ofcritical infrastructure. The second parallelsession of this day focused on the impact ofnatural disasters and digital attacks on theindustrial environment seen from thescientific point of view as well as theexperience with industry insurance. DCNA
welcomed about 165 people at the Austrian
Disaster Research Days 2019 in Graz. In
2020 the event will be organised
internationally (Disaster Research Days
2020) with a call of abstracts.

Austrian Disaster Research Days 2019 (source: DCNA)

Another focus of DCNA activities in 2019 was the workwithin the five working groups: (1) Mass movements
and earthquakes, (2) Floods, (3) Extreme weather
conditions, (4) Critical infrastructure and industrial
hazards and (5) Socio-economic disaster aspects. Twomeetings were organized by DCNA. At the first one inspring, the priorities were on defining a program fornational research project calls, preparing session
contents for the ADRD19 and defining a pool ofexperts and resources for disaster events. The
contents of the second meeting in autumn werepreparing for the call of abstracts for the Disaster
Research Days 2020 and networking for currently
open project calls.

Dr. Christian Resch
E-mail: christian.resch@dcna.at

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University of National and World Economy (UNWE)
Bulgaria
http://www.unwe.bg/en/

The conference emphasizedon topics, such as: Advanced
ICT and disasters, Big Dataand disasters, Climate changeanddisasterrisk,
Communications in disasters,
Crowdsourcing
andemergency
management,
Disasterinformation
processing,
Disasterprevention and mitigation,
Disaster relief, resilience andresearch,
Disasterriskmanagement
capability
assessment,
Emergency
preparedness,
Hazardvulnerability and risk mapping,etc.

4th IFIP ITDRR-2019, Kyiv National University of Culture and Arts, Kyiv,
Ukraine, October 9 – 10th, 2019 - http://itdrr.unwe.bg/

The ITDRR 2019 Conference
The Science Research Center for Disaster Risk
Reduction (SRCDRR) co-organized the 4th IFIP
Conference on Information Technology inDisaster Risk Reduction (ITDRR 2019),
October 9 – 10th, 2019, Kyiv National Universityof Culture and Arts, Kyiv, Ukraine, http://
itdrr.unwe.bg/.
ITDRR-2019 provided an international forum forresearchers and practitioners to present theirlatest R&D findings and innovations. The
conference was focused on the various IT
aspects and challenges of copying with disasterrisk reduction. ITDDR-2019 invited experts,
researchers, academicians and all other,interested to disseminate their work. The
conference continues to establish an academic
environment
that
fosters
thedialogueandexchangeof
ideas
betweendifferent levels of academic,
research, business and public communities.

The
ProgramCommittee
received
63
paper
submissions, out of which 21
research papers were finallyaccepted and presented at the conference. The ITDRR-2019 Proceedings will be published by Springer, as
the previous three volumes.

Ongoing R&D project
The SCRDRR continues its activity on the R&D
university project titled: “Research on the Applicabilityof Virtual Reality in Education and Training”, with a
2017-2019 time frame. Special focus of the project in2019 is Augmented reality (AR) and Virtual reality (VR)in Disaster Preparedness Training using drones.
Artificial Intelligence in disaster risk reduction isconsidered for implementation.

GADRI Annual Report 2019—129

Prof. Dimiter Velev
Director
E-mail: dgvelev@unwe.bg

GADRI Annual Report — Europe

French Geological Survey (BRGM)
Francehttp://www.brgm.eu/

Image from the INSeaPTION global user workshop on climate
services, September 25th and 26th 2018, Haarlem, Netherlands.

BRGM is a French public institution in Earth
Science, employing over 700 engineers andresearchers. BRGM research brings practicalresponses to the major challenges facing society
and arising in particular from climate change,
increasing mineral resource scarcity, new energy
needs, natural risks and soil and water pollution.
This year 2019, BRGM was involved in several
ongoing projects concerning risk reduction.
Among them, BRGM coordinates INSeaPTION.
This research project focuses on theconsequences of sea level rise due to global
warming for coastal areas (increasing marine
submersions, worsening of erosion andsalinization). INSeaPTION aims to co-develop
climate services
withEuropean coastal
adaptation actors and vulnerable islands in the
Pacific and Indian Oceans (French Polynesia,
Maldives). This project is supported by ERANETERA4CS and involves the Global Climate Forum(Germany), Universities of the Balearic Islands(Spain), La Rochelle (France) and Utrecht(Netherlands), CREOCEAN (France) and someother local partners. Intermediate results of the
project (user workshop reports, articles ...) areavailable on the website of the project:www.inseaption.eu..
Another ongoing project of BRGM is Geohazard
Lab, financed by ESA and CNES. As part of thisproject, BRGM is responsible for promoting andorganizing a Copernicus satellite mission data
community for the study of natural hazards.

Dr. LEVY Clara
E-mail: c.levy@brgm.fr

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GADRI Annual Report — Europe

Earth displacement map based on the multi-temporal interferometric processing of ESA's Geohazards Exploitation
Platform (GEP). Copyright: Contains modified Copernicus Sentinel data (2019), processed by ESA GEP, CNR-IREA &BRGM.

The first published works have shown the interestof these results for research on land subsidence
in Jakarta (Indonesia), cavities in Rome, and forthe study of volcanic mechanisms on Santorini.
See
also:
http://www.esa.int/Applications/Observing_the_Earth/Copernicus/Sentinel-1/
Using_satellite_information_to_help_rebuild_after_a_disasterOne of BRGM’s roles is to provide decisionmakers with diagnostic and decision-making tools
to support risk prevention and sustainable ruraland urban planning. As such, BRGM initiatedwork on mobilizable tools for ecologicalrestoration in estuarine environment. Thisapproach was motivated by the failures of many
ecological restoration projects along the ChannelAtlantic coast, whose feedback has shown that it
is essential to predict the development andmaintenance of ecosystems by mobilizing
relevant tools. BRGM has therefore
proposed a reflection on theuse ofcurrent modeling tools
accordingtovarious problems ofestuarine
environment(biogeochemical,hydro-morpho-sedimentary,

GADRI Annual Report 2019—131

trophic and targeting particular species) in orderto support project managers and institutional todesign restoration process. The main productionsof the project are: 1) a technical report onmodeling tools to predict the effects of restorationonseveralcompartmentsofestuarine
ecosystems, 2)
a guide proposing methods and recipes forrestoration practitioners. This project was
financed by AFB, and involved AFB, GIP SeineAval, GIP Loire-Estuaire, the university of Rouen,
and of Caen IRSTEA, IFREMER, the Frenchwater agencies Loire-Bretagne and SeineNormandie.

GADRI Annual Report — Europe

Risk Reduction Technology (CEDIM), Germany
http://www.cedim.de/english

Fig: Preliminary estimates of losses andfootprints in the three countries from WorldBank (Mühr, B. et al., 2019: CEDIM Forensic
Disaster Analysis „Tropical Storm IDAI“ Report,
Center for Disaster Management and Risk
Reduction Technology, Karlsruhe, Germany,doi:10.13140/RG.2.2. 21518.61769).

Bank as part of its Global Rapid post‑disaster
Damage Estimation (GRADE) initiative. GRADE
is an approach that rapidly estimates physicalpost-disaster damage incurred in key sectors
within two weeks of the disaster. The firstcommon reports were issued for tropical storm
IDAI, Hurricane Dorian and the Earthquake
sequence in southeastern Europe. A special
focus for CEDIM is on disasters affecting Africa.
The Center for Disaster Management andRisk Reduction Technology (CEDIM) is aninterdisciplinary research center in the field of
disasterandresilience
research.
Bysynergistically combining competences fromdifferent disciplines, CEDIM develops newmodels and concepts for novel solutions in thefields of natural disasters, hazards andresilience. Within the current research focus on
near-real time Forensic Disaster Analysis(FDA), CEDIM investigates the dynamics andinterrelations of disasters, identifies major risk
drivers, estimates the impact as fast as possible,
and infers implications for disaster mitigation.

Own CEDIM R&D projects of the current funding
phase end in 2019. The next funding phase will
focus on effects of heatwaves and droughts inCentral Europe regarding society, economy andecology. Research in that topic is urgently
needed given the large adverse effects heatwaves and droughts have also in industrialized
areas such as Europe. Additional knowledge will
help to increase resilience and to develop
appropriate adaptation measures. The funding
phase will start in summer next year.

In 2019, CEDIM produced an FDA report about
the tropical Cyclone Idai (Southeast Africa; see
Figure) and several FDA short reports about
heavy rain in Germany, a series of severe
thunderstorms with very large hailstones (alsoGermany), the Flooding in Venice (Italy), and theEarthquake sequence in southeastern Europe.
Within the scope of the FDA activities, CEDIM
has established a co-operation with the WorldGADRI Annual Report 2019—132

Prof. Michael Kunz
CEDIM Spokesman
E-mail: info@cedim.deGADRI Annual Report — Europe

Disaster Research Unit (DRU)
Freie Universität Berlin, Germany
http://polsoz.fu-berlin.de/dru

The Disaster Research Unit
(DRU) conducts inter- andtransdisciplinary disaster risk
research with particular focus
on the socio-cultural contexts ofcrises. Research topics include,
among others, perceptions ofsafety, risk and disaster, risk
reductionanddisaster
Visit of the Meteorological, Climatological, and Geophysical Agency
prevention, preparedness and
BMKG in Jakarta during a Fact Finding Mission by the German Ministry
warning, human behaviour andof Education and Research in Indonesia
coping in extreme situations,
vulnerability and resilience, andsustainable post-disaster reconstruction. The challenges, among others, due to the contamination
working areas of the DRU encompass the entire of grounds by old ammunition. Within the project“disaster cycle“ from a disaster’s onset, through its WEXICOM III (Weather warnings: from EXtreme
progression looking at conditions for dealing with event Information to COMunication and action), thecrises and disasters, all the way to sustainability- class module “Interdisciplinary Hazard Risk
oriented social development.
Research” has been developed as a juncture
between cutting-edge project work and teaching.
For the DRU, the year of 2019 started off with a
Graduate students are invited to dive into
series of field visits: As part of a fact-finding missioninterdisciplinary
researchperspectives,by the German Federal Ministry of Education andopportunities, and scopes surrounding weather
Research to Indonesia, Prof. Martin Voss joined anwarnings. Furthermore, the DRU was able to secure
expert delegation to enquire gaps and researchfunding to participate in the Grand Challenge of theneeds related to the tsunami warning system based
Berlin University Alliance with the multi-disciplinary
on the deadly tsunami disasters on 28th September
definition project “Social Cohesion in Times ofand 22nd December 2018. Second, the team of the
Climate Change”. In a pre-phase, the consortium
project WAKE (Migration-Related Knowledge
currently prepares a proposal on the physical andManagement for Civil Protection of the Future)social impacts of climate change, which takes
travelled to Greece to interview locally based actors
cohesive and erosive societal forces and dynamics
involved in refugee logics and relief works and visit
into account and explores opportunities for climate
refugee camps. The third field visit comprised anadaptation.
extended research and guest stay at the Indian
Institute of Technology Bombay (IITB), India, in thecontext of a doctoral project on local disaster risk
preparedness. .
Looking at some key achievements in terms ofproject work, the project WAKE
conducted a quick-response-study on the forest
fires near Lübtheen,
Germany,
wherefour villages had to be
evacuated–
extended forest fires are for the German context
an unusual phenomenon and pose particular

GADRI Annual Report 2019—133

Prof. Martin Voss
Head
E-mail: martin.voss@fu-berlin.deGADRI Annual Report — Europe

Institute for Advanced Sustainability
Studies (IASS), Germany
https://www.iass-potsdam.de/en

Source:https://enb.iisd.org/climate/cop25/side-events/4dec.html#event-3
Group photo at the end of the event (LR): Mara Gomez, IASS COBENEFITS
project; Asmau Jibril, Federal MinistryofEnvironment,
Nigeria;Mark
Lawrence , Director, IASS; YerimaPeter Tarfa, Director, Department of
Climate Change, Nigeria; Shareen
Yawanarajah,
International
PolicyManager, Energy Program, EDF;María
Amparo Martínez Arroyo, Director
General, Instituto Nacional de Ecologíay Cambio Climático (INECC), Mexico;
Moderator Kathleen Anne Mar, IASS; Bala Bappa, Federal Ministry of Environment, Nigeria; Charlotte Unger,
IASS; and Dan McDougall, Climate and Clean Air Coalition (CCAC)

Following highlights a few of the activities IASS
engaged in during 2019:•

From 6 – 8 March 2019: Climate and Clean Air
Coalition (CCAC) 2019 Working Group Meeting- IASS co-organised event at World Agroforestry
Centre (ICRAF), UN Campus, Nairobi, Kenya;on the margins of UNEA-4•

Integrating
ClimateAction,Sustainable
Development, and Clean Air: African Action
Plans to Reduce Short-lived Climate Pollutantson 13 March 2019 - IASS co-organised event at"Green Tent" at UNEA-4, the fourth session of
the UN Environment Assembly in Nairobi,
Kenya

•

Perspectives on the Air Pollution-Climate-Health
Nexus on 20 May 2019 German-Thai
Exchange on Health and Climate Change
Adaptation at Robert Koch Institute, Berlin,
Germany•

Climate Change Adaptation and Health:pressing issues, cooperation and cross-sector
action on 20 May 2019 German-Thai
Exchange on Health and Climate Change
Adaptation at Robert-Koch Institute, Berlin,
Germany•

Does Climate Engineering pose Systemic
Risks? on 25 June 2019 - Talk at Society for
Risk Analysis, Potsdam, Germany•

Planetary health: interests at the intersection ofclimate and air quality on 29 August 2019 - Talk
at the Wissenschaftsetage in the Bildungsforum,
Potsdam, Germany.

•

UNFCCC Side Event at COP25 on 4 December
2019: Strengthening climate promises: action on
air quality to enhance NDCs, IASS co-organised
event at UNFCCC COP25, Madrid, Spain(Kathleen Mar, Charlotte Unger, Mara Gomez);
https://enb.iisd.org/climate/cop25/sideevents/4dec.html#event-3

GADRI Annual Report 2019—134

Prof. Ortwin Renn
Scientific Director
E-mail: Ortwin.renn@iass-potsdam.deGADRI Annual Report — Europe

European Commission Joint Research Centre
Italy
https://ec.europa/eu/jrc
https://drmkc.jrc.ec.europa.eu/

The Joint Research Centre (JRC) is the European
Commission's science and knowledge service which
employs scientists to carry out research in order toprovide independent scientific advice and support to
EU policy. The mission of the JRC’s Disaster Risk
Management Unit is to strengthen the EU’s
resilience to crises and disasters and the EU’s aim topromote stability and peace through its research incrisis management technologies and analysis.
In 2019, the Copernicus Emergency Management
Service renewed its Risk & Recovery Mapping
module, featuring more standard products. It wasalso activated 75 times to produce rapid maps after
disasters, and saved lives and property with the early
warnings and monitoring for floods (EFAS),
wildfires (EFFIS) and droughts (EDO). The uniquestatistics on forest fires were much quoted in relation
to major fires in Siberia and Brazil. See https://
emergency.copernicus.eu/
The Disaster Risk Management Knowledge
Centre published the first ever Recommendations
on National Risk Assessment summarizing thescience and practice across natural andtechnological hazards. It also developed the Risk
Data Hub to help Member States and the European
Commission collect loss and risk data. In its annual
seminar, the DRMKC gathered the European
science-policy community around four topics: climatechange adaptation, hybrid threats, the Risk Data
Hub, and the new RescEU legislation and its
Knowledge
Network.
Seehttps://
drmkc.jrc.ec.europa.eu/
The Unit published the Atlas of the Human Planet
2019, which presents key human settlements andurbanisation statistics for 239 countries based on the
progress made towards the development of a people-based global harmonised definition of cities andrural areas. Figures and statistics presented in the
Atlas 2019 are the result of massive automatic big
data processing in the framework of the Global
Human
Settlement
Layer(GHSL) combining satellite
imagery and census
information to map
settlements,
understandtheircharacteristics,
and report about their changes over 40 years’
time
(1975
–
2015).
See
https://
ghsl.jrc.ec.europa.eu/

The Disaster Risk Management Knowledge Centre is a
key science-driven initiative in the European
Commission to bridge gaps between science andpolicy, break silos across scientific disciplines andfoster an all-policy approach to disaster risk
management in the European Union.
JRC made significant progress on tools for situation
awareness and risk assessment to support Member
States and EU authorities, including the Global
Disaster Alert and Coordination System (multihazard alerts globally), RAPID-N (for Natech
hazards), ADAM (accident damage analysis). See
https://gdacs.org/,
https://rapidn.jrc.ec.europa.eu/,
https://adam.jrc.ec.europa.eu/.
In the field of conflict risk, the JRC published theScience for Peace portal, integrating expertise fromthree domains (risk modelling, remote sensing andopen-source data) and applying it synergetically for
conflict prevention, early warning, crisis monitoringand post-conflict assessment.
See https://science4peace.jrc.ec.europa.eu/
Finally, the JRC produced new analysis of climatechange impacts in the PESETA 4 study, providing asolid evidence base to the new policies on climatechange in the EU.

Dr. Alessandra Zampieri
Head of Unit
E-mail: alessandra.zampieri@ec.europa.eu

GADRI Annual Report 2019—135

GADRI Annual Report — Europe

Department of Earth Sciences
University of Florence, Italy
https://www.unescogeohazards.unifi.it

The Department of Earth Sciences of the
University of Florence (DST-UNIFI, https://www.dst.unifi.it/changelang-eng.html)
isarecognized center for international research andhigher training in Italy with an Engineering Geology
group counting almost over than 60 persons
among professors, researchers, technicians, postdoc fellows, PhD students, collaborators andvisiting fellows.

research activities have been carried out in theframework of national and international projects indifferent scales of activity and temporal extension.
The main scientific outcomes and the relativedescription of useful products in the technical field
have been published in about 50 published papers
in peer-reviewed scientific journals, winning theBest Paper Award 2019 of the Remote Sensing
journal.

In 2019, the activities of Civil Protection Centre(https://www.protezionecivile.unifi.it), operating at
DST-UNIFI, has realized a series of scientificinitiatives in support of the security of the academic
activities in the University of Florence, such as theidealization and drafting of the University's Civil
Protection plan, inserted in the broader context ofthe national legislative system, as well as theorganization of dissemination and training events.
During 2019 it has been also involved by the
National Civil Protection Service in several
emergency operational activities for the technicalsupport in the geo-hydrological hazards treating
human life and infrastructures up to the return ofsafe conditions.

After the appointment of the DST-UNIFI as a
UNESCO chair on Prevention and Sustainable
Management of Geo-Hydrological Hazards (https://www.unesco-geohazards.unifi.it), several national
and international missions have been performed incollaboration with UNESCO and official partners. In
2019 the UNESCO chair actively supported theprotection of many World’s cultural heritage
threatened by geo-hydrological hazards, some ofwhich are part of the UNESCO World Heritage list.
A special attention was devoted to less developed
countries. The Chair has continued to manage theInternational Academic Master’s Degree (in English
language) on “Geoengineering” (http://www.inggem.unifi.it), with the joint competences of the allcore members of the Chair in the field of geohydrological risks. Several lectures and seminars
have been hosted by the Chair, aiming at
promoting a knowledge sharing network, throughcapacity building and dissemination towards
different actors.

The research activities carried out in 2019 focusedon the use of innovative multi-sensor technologies(i.e., Ground-based SAR interferometry, UAV,
Laser Scanner) for analysis of risk scenarios tosupportemergencies
situations,landslidemonitoring and early warning and on the
exploitation of the available EO (Earth
Observation) technology to detect, map, monitor
and forecast ground deformations. Coupling datafrom both activities with those obtained from more
traditional ones a reliable regional landslide
forecasting models have been developed. The

Prof. Nicola Casigli
E-mail: nicola.casagli@unifi.it

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GADRI Annual Report — Europe

As member of the International Consortium on
Landslides (ICL) the DST-UNIFI is signatory of
the ISDR- ICL Sendai Partnership 2015-2025. On
September 18, 2019, at the UNESCO
Headquarters in Paris, the DST-UNIFI has signed
the Kyoto 2020 Commitment for global promotionof understanding and reducing landslide disasterrisk. The Kyoto 2020 Commitment is a duty to thePicture of the First Group of 58 Signatories of Kyoto
Landslide Commitment 2020 (KLC2020), for Global
Promotion of Understanding and Reducing
Landslide Disaster Risk (18 September 2019,
UNESCO Headquarters, Paris).

Sendai Landslide Partnerships 2015-2025, theSendai Framework for Disaster Risk Reduction
2015-2030, the 2030 Agenda Sustainable
Development Goals, the New Urban Agenda andthe Paris Climate Agreement.

UN & International Organizations (UNESCO, UNU,
IRDR, WFEO, GRF Davos, IGS), Government
Organizations and ICL members have joined thesigning ceremony, including the Department of Earth
Sciences, University of Florence.

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Global Earthquake Model (GEM)
Foundation, Italy
https://www.globalquakemodel.org

GEM Africa Earthquake Model released at UNDRR's Global Platform for Disaster Risk Reduction 2019 Forum in
Switzerland. (Left) Africa Earthquake Risk (Right) Africa Earthquake Hazard

The year 2019 was a record-breaking year interms of the number of DRR professionals that
we have trained in the use of GEM’s
OpenQuake software for seismic hazard andrisk assessment, and in terms of newpartnerships.
The year 2019 was also special because of
several activities: the launch of two revamped
and improved websites - GEM and the OQ
Platform; the release of OpenQuake with acapability to assess volcanic risk; start of the
USAID-OFDA Training and Communication for
Earthquake Risk Assessment (TREQ) project;
and the presentation of the Social Vulnerability
maps - a relatively unexplored area ofmodelling and a pioneering initiative that GEM
is committed to complete in 2020.
More than 340 scientists, researchers,
modelers and DRR professionals were trainedon OpenQuake from Asia, Europe, North andSouth America, increasing the knowledge andskills of national and local professionals inseismic hazard and risk assessment. GEM
engaged in new partnerships with USGS andseveral companies from the private sector tohelp enhance global earthquake loss modeling
efforts, and exchange of scientific and technicalknowledge on earthquake hazard and risk.

Prof. John Schneider
Secretary-GeneralE-mail: john.schneider@globalquakemodel.org

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Vitor Silva, GEM Risk Coordinator at the International OpenQuake workshop inIndonesia, 2019.

In addition to our capacity development efforts
and partner engagements, GEM also released
the Africa Earthquake Hazard and Risk modelon 15 May 2019 in recognition of UNDRR's
Global Platform for Disaster Risk Reduction2019 Forum in Switzerland. The Africa Earthquake model underpins the African portion of
GEM’s global maps released in December
2018.

In addition, UNDRR’s Global Risk Assessment
Framework (GRAF), where GEM co-chaired a
key component: Mapping and Data Gaps
Analysis working group, was also launchedduring the event. GRAF aims to develop acomprehensive framework for understanding
risks and informing decision making in supportof the Sendai Framework, Paris Agreement
and Sustainable Development Goals throughworldwide multi-stakeholder collaboration.

Anirudh Rao, GEM Seismic Risk Engineer andScientist trains 78 participants, 28 of which joined
online, on the use of OpenQuake software forseismic hazard and risk assessment at Western
University, London, Ontario, Canada in November
2019.

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The Main School of Fire (SGSP)
Polandhttps://www.sgsp.edu.pl/

New simulator for internal fires at the Base of Field Exercises and Rescue Innovation of SGSP—Source: https://www.facebook.com/sgsp.edu/posts/nowy-symulator-naterenie-bazy-szkolenia-poligonowego-i-innowacjiratownictwa-sg/1533057006816210/

The Main School of Fire Service (Szkola Glowna
Sluzby Pozarniczej, SGSP) has been participatingin the GADRI for last days of 2019 as theuniversity and the State Fire Service authorities
had seen a great chance in the cooperation forsharing knowledge and development of solutions
in disaster risk reduction. Additionally, in 2019
SGSP was restructured as a result of adaptation
to new law of science and higher education in
Poland. Currently, in accordance to the core
domain of the university, it is comprised by two
research institutes (the Institute of Safety
Engineering and the Institute of Internal Security),
one didactic faculty (Faculty of Safety Engineering

The Main School of Fire Service—Source: https://
bip.sgsp.edu.pl/

and Civil Protection) and two specialist centres(the Centre of Social Safety and the Centre of
Research and Analysis of Antiterrorist Safety).
SGSP is also an organizational unit of the State
Fire Service, participating in national andinternational emergency operations. Mentioning
the direct access to two exercise fields, thesestate unique chances for development of scientificand educational potential of the university.

Prof. Pawel Gromek
E-mail: pgromek@sgsp.edu.pl

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In reported period SGSP carried out researchin following international projects related todisaster risk reduction aspects:

1. Improving Disaster Risk Reduction inTranscarpathian Region, Ukraine —ImProDiReT,
EU
Civil
Protection
Mechanism.

2. Community Safety Action for Supporting
Climate Adaptation(CASCADE).

andDevelopment

Additional activities, which are worth to behighlighted in analyzed context, were:

1. Cooperation agreement with the Polish
Centre for International Aid,

2. Cooperation agreement with the Polish
Red Cross in knowledge sharing, R+B
activities and didactics,
3. Cooperation agreement with the Caritas
Poland in education, humanitarian aid,
R+B activities and other initiatives.

3. DRiving InnoVation in crisis management
for European Resilience (DRIVER+), 7th
Framework Programme.

4. SAFEguardofCriticalheAlthinfrastructure (SafeCare), Horizon 2020.

5. European Sensor System for CBRN
Applications (EU-SENSE), Horizon 2020.

The scientific activeness was reflected bydoctoral dissertations initiated in security
studies (in social sciences) and inenvironmental engineering, mining and powerengineering (in technical sciences).

Final demonstration of DRIVER+ project in SGSP (November 2019)

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Faculty of Security Engineering, University of Žilina
Slovakia
http://fbi.uniza.sk/en/

The Faculty also organised the first year of thesummer school “Young Little Rescuer” forchildren from 6 to 12 years of age. During fourdays the children became fire-fighters, rescuers,
specialist in the civil defence area and detectives.
Step by step they learned the work of theprofessionals and acquired a lot of knowledge
and skills.
The tenth year of the competition TEAMRESCUER verified the linkage of the theoreticalknowledge achieved during the study withpractical activities of the students during the
The Faculty of Security Engineering is oriented
towards the managerial and technologicalstudies in the security and safety area. In 2019
there were accredited 5 study programmes at theFaculty:
CrisisManagement,
Security
Management, Emergency Services, Industrial
Safety, Critical Infrastructure Protection.
In 2019 a new study programme was accredited– it will be offered to the students in 2020 and will
be realised in English. Based on the acquired
financial means we have completed the labs andpurchased devices for all study programmes thatcompetition of the fire fighting disciplines andphysical capabilities.
The students and educating young people is ourabsolute priority in the framework of security andsafety because it can significantly influence our
future.
Our faculty is also active in various project
consortiums and our young team is dynamic andready to solve new challenges.

will be utilised in the teaching process.
In February the Faculty organised a big Open Day
in cooperation with all local rescue services
encompassing very dynamic and interesting
programme for students at all levels of study andalso for the public. This activity was awarded as oneof the most interesting Open Days of the faculties
organised in 2019.
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Dr. Katarina Holla
Associate Professor
E-mail: katarina.holla@fbi.uniza.sk

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Stockholm Environment Institute, Sweden
https://www.sei.org/

Stockholm Environment Institute (SEI)
Initiative on Transforming Development andDisaster Risk (TDDR) Development is vital for
reducing
disasterrisk,
yetcurrent
unsustainable development models are driving
and creating disaster risks, for example, in theremoval of natural storm-surge protection
barriers including mangrove forests in favour ofaquaculture farms or beachfront properties. At
the same time, disasters can destroy
development gains, but existing disaster risk
reduction (DRR) approachesarenotsufficiently
contributing
tosustainable
development. Transformation is increasingly
understood and considered as a legitimate andnecessary pathway for moving from current
development patterns that increase, create or
unfairly distribute risks, towards more
equitable, resilient and sustainable development.
The SEI Initiative on Transforming Development
and Disaster Risk (TDDR) has been working toadvance scientific knowledge and support policy
and practice to enact transformations in disasterrisk
reduction(DRR)
andsustainable
development towards more equitable, resilientand sustainable societies. To learn more please
visit
https://www.sei.org/projects-and-tools/
projects/sei-initiative-on-transformingdevelopment-and-disaster-risk/
International Center of excellence on
Transforming Development and Disaster(ICoE-TDDR) Hosted by SEI and supported by
the Integrated Research on Disaster Risk (IRDR)
programme, the International Centre of
Excellence on Transforming Development andDisaster Risk (ICoE-TDDR) seeks to transformthe relationship between development and DRR.
We work with academic, policy, development andprivate sector partners at global, regional and sub-national levels to advance scientific knowledge
and support policy and practice to enacttransformations towards more equitable, resilientand sustainable societies, inline with the Sendai
Frameworkfor
DRR and the Sustainable
Development
Goals (SDGs). Our focus ontransformation
highlights the need for systemic change fromsocial and political systems that create andperpetuate risk, and lead to socially unjust andunsustainable
development
outcomes,tosystems where sustainable development and
DRR work in unison to address the root causesof risk. To learn more please visit https://www.sei.org/publications/transformingdevelopment-and-disaster-risk/
weTRANSFORM is a collaborative platform ontransformation for equitable, resilient andsustainable development and disaster risk
reduction (DRR), powered by the SEI weADAPT
platform. It is a new global meeting place fordevelopment and disaster risk researchers,
practitioners and decision-makers and theirpartners. The platform invites researchers andother disaster risk reduction experts andstakeholders
to
share
their
knowledge,
perspectives and news on the weTRANSFORM
site. To learn more please visit
https://www.sei.org/projects-and-tools/tools/
wetransform/

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Dr. Guoyi Han
Research Fellow
E-mail: guoyi.han@sei.org

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Bournemouth University
Disaster Management Centre (BUDMC)
United Kingdom
http://www.bournemouth.ac.uk
In
2019,
BUDMC
engagedinthe following
activities:

back and jumping forward: scoping theresilience landscape of international sports
events and implications for events andfestivals. Event Management, 24 (1), 1-33.
•

Academics

Henry Bang at the 4th Global Summit,
DPRI, Kyoto University, Japan• First three
BUDMC PhD
completions.

• Firstgraduatedcohorts of UK and overseas MSc Disaster
Management (DM) students; Over 10 fully
registered PhD students; Appointment of two
Senior Lecturers.

Conferences•

Bang, H., Miles, L., Gordon, R. 4th Global
Summit of Research Institutes for Disaster Risk
Reduction, Disaster risk reduction in West
Africa: are contemporary disaster management
frameworks
accommodating
theSendaiframework agenda 2030?, 13 Mar 2019, Kyoto,
Japan

•

Bang, H. UK Alliance for Disaster Research,Viewing Community Resilience in the Souththrough the “eyes” of Mega Storms: A
Conceptual Analysis, 17 Jul 2019, Northumbria
University, Newcastle, UK.

•

Bang, H. and Miles, L. National Platform forDisaster
Risk
Reduction(NPDRR)
Coordination
Conference
MeetingonPreparedness for the Rains, AFRICAB
Preliminary Results: Driving African Disaster
Management Capacity-Building in Sierra Leone,
23 May 2019, Office of National Security (ONS)
Building, Freetown, Sierra Leone

Research•

Empirical data collection in Sierra Leone under
the auspices of the AFRICAB project; Empirical
data collection in the Caribbean under the
auspices of the PINPOINT project; Generationof a 2 impact case studies in African and
Caribbean DM.

Peer Reviewed Academic Publications andBook Chapters•

Bang, H. Miles, L. and Gordon, R. (2019)
Disaster risk reduction in Cameroon: arecontemporary
disastermanagement
frameworks accommodating the Sendai
framework agenda 2030?’ International Journalof Disaster Risk Science. 10, 462-277.

•

Bang, H., Miles, L. and Gordon, R. (2019)
Evaluating
local
vulnerability
andorganisational resilience to frequent flooding in
Africa: the case of Northern Cameroon.
Foresight, 21 (2), 266-284.

•

Bang, H., Miles, L. and Gordon, R. (2019)
Hurricane occurrence and seasonal activity: ananalysis of the 2017 Atlantic Hurricane
Season, American Journal of Climate Change,
8, 454-481.

•

Baker-Beall, C. (2019) The threat of the‘returning foreign fighter’: The securitization of
EU migration and border control policy.
Security Dialogue, 50(5), 437-453.

•

Shipway, R. and Miles, L. (2019) Reputationand perceived resilience in developing
countries bidding for major sports events. In:
Walters, G. and Mair, J., eds. Reputation andImage Recovery for the Tourism Industry. Good
Fellow Publishers: Oxford, 148-164.

Further details on our activities can be found at our
website.

Shipway, R. and Miles, L. (2019) Bouncing
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Dr. Henry Ngenyam Bang
E-mail: hbang@Bournemouth.ac.uk

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Evidence Aid, United Kingdom
https://www.evidenceaid.org/

During 2019, our main focus has been on
expanding and our evidence collections. In 2018,
we launched the expanded evidence collection ‘The
health of refugees and asylum seekers’ to include
oral health: during 2019, we combined the
Cochrane systematic reviews (originally in a
separate collection) to this collection and haveensured that all summaries of these reviews are
published in French and Spanish as well as inEnglish. A similar exercise related to the collection‘Prevention and treatment of acute malnutrition in
emergencies and humanitarian crises’ is being
undertaken and is partially complete. We employed
an intern, Jiewon Lim to update our collection on‘Ebola’ and she presented the work at two
conferences which took place in the UK and Ireland.
All the summaries of the systematic reviews in thecollections have been translated into French andSpanish, which continues to result in a greatly
increased number of both Spanish and French
speakers to our site.

collection ‘Prevention andtreatmentof
acutemalnutritioninhumanitarian
emergencies’ (Allen C,
Jansen J, Naude C, et al.
(2019) Prevention andtreatmentof
acutemalnutritioninhumanitarian
emergencies: A multiorganisation collaboration
to increase access tosynthesized
evidence.
Journal of International
Humanitarian Action.) In
addition, we published our findings of a policy delphi
study in BMC Health Services Research (Jillson I,
Clarke M, Allen C, et al.) Improving the science andevidence base of disaster response: a policy
research study. BMC Health Services Research(2019) 19:274 https://doi.org/10.1186/s12913-0194102-5)
We increased the flexibility and usability of thesearch function on our Resources page (https://www.evidenceaid.org/resources/) to allow users tosearch both by key word and through the categories
and tags.
We spent time building partnerships and submitted
funding bids as part of various consortia.
We also took part in various speaking events
including the University of Westminster and EBM
Live, and our CEO chaired a panel at the WHO
Health EDRM Research Network in Kobe, Japan, in
October.

Following the successful launch of ‘Research
Evidence in the Humanitarian Sector: a practiceguide, in 2018, we have translated the text into
French and Spanish. Hard copies have been posted
as far afield as India andSouth Korea, and all 3
language versions
are available free ofchargefrom
our website.
We were published in the Journal of Humanitarian
Action describing the process of our evidence
GADRI Annual Report 2019—145

Ms. Claire Allen
Operations Manager
E-mail: callen@evidenceaid.org

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Innovation and Technology Division
University of Leicester, United Kingdom
https://le.ac.uk/school-of-businessAwardsImportant Achievements during 2019:
Dr Nibedita Ray-Bennett presented the Avoidable
Deaths Network on the IGNITE Stage at the Global
Platform for Disaster Risk Reduction in Geneva,
Switzerland on the 17th of May 2019. https://www.unisdr.org/conference/2019/globalplatform/
programme/ignite-stage/view?id=1069
Avoidable Deaths Network released its first
NewsletterinDecember
2019:
https://
www.avoidable-deaths.net/adn-publications/
Avoidable Deaths Network’s latest publication: RayBennett, N.S. Mendez, D. Alam, E. and Morgner, C.
2020. Inter-Agency Collaboration in Natural Hazard
Management in Developed Countries. In Gerber, B.
(ed.) Oxford Encyclopedia of Natural Hazards
Governance, New York: Oxford University Press.

Sep 2020-Aug 2020: £82,175. Project
Title: Life Changing Scholarships for
Human Development. Funded by the
Commonwealth
Scholarship
Commission in the UK/DFID. Fivescholarships will be offered to five
meritorious
students
fromfiveCommonwealth Nations to study the
MSc in Risk, Crisis and Disaster
Management. Start date: 1st October
2020. Further details of the MSc Risk, Crisis andDisaster Management: https://le.ac.uk/courses/riskcrisis-and-disaster-management-msc-dl/2020
Nov
2019-Jul
2020:£5,000.
Project
Title: Strengthening Avoidable Deaths Network.
Funded by the Leicester Institute of Advanced
Studies (LIAS) Tiger Team Funding, and Global
Challenge Research Fund.
Investigators: Dr Nibedita S. Ray-Bennett (PI); Dr
Hideyuki Shiroshita (Kansai University); Mrs Denise
Corsel and Dr Christian Morgner (University ofLeicester); and Dr Pedro Rodriguz-Veiga (National
Centre for Earth Observation).

https://oxfordre.com/naturalhazardscience/view/10.1093/acrefore/9780199389407.001.0001/
acrefore-9780199389407-e-176
Funded by ESRC Dr Nibedita Ray-Bennett
showcased her research project: ‘Exploring the
Challenges and Opportunities Around Reproductive
Health in Disasters in Bangladesh’ at the ESRC
Festival of Social Sciences at the University ofLeicester on 7 November 2019.

Dr. Nibedita Ray-Bennett
Associate Professor
E-mail: nsrb1@leicester.ac.uk

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In collaboration with the Prime Minister’s
Office in Uganda, Makerere University,
Chittagong University, Tata Steel, Orissa
State Volunteers and Social Workers
Association,
ICDDR,B-Chakaria,
Dhaka
University, the research team is establishing
three ADN HUBs in India, Bangladesh andUganda. The HUBs will promote research andenterprise activities to realise the Sendai
Framework for Disaster Risk Reductions’Global Targets A and B (reduce disaster
deaths and injuries by 2030).
Nov 2019-Jul 2020:£7,153.25. Project
Title: Reproductive Health in Disasters:
Raising Visibility for Future Collaborations forDevelopment. Funded by ESRC-Impact
Acceleration Account. Investigators: Dr
Nibedita Ray-Bennett (PI), Dr Iqbal Kabir(Director of Research and Planning, Ministryof Health and Family Welfare, theGovernment of Bangladesh), Dr Fariha
Haseen (Bangabandhu Sheik Mujib Medical
University), Mr Maqbul Bhuiyan (DataManagement Aid), and Mrs Nimisha Goswami
and Dr Ataur Rahman (International Planned
Parenthood Federation-South Asia Region
Office).

This is an advocacy project, aiming to upscale
the intervention package RHCC(UNFPA’s
Reproductive Health Kit 8 prior to aflood;
Capacitybuilding;
Community
awareness), and the facility assessment tools
developed by Dr Nibedita Ray-Bennett andMrs Denise Corsel from the University ofLeicester, Mrs Nimisha Goswami from IPPFSARO and Mr Maqbul Bhuiyna from DataManagement Aid between 2015 and2018.
https://www.ippf.org/resource/
improving-quality-and-availability-postabortion-care-humanitarian-crisis

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Institute for Risk and Disaster Reduction (IRDR)
University College of London, United Kingdom
http://www.ucl.ac.uk/rdr

The UCL Institute for Risk and Disaster Reduction(IRDR) leads transdisciplinary research, advanced
teaching, policy engagement and knowledge
exchange with industry and humanitarian agencies, inrisk and disaster reduction.

• The IRDR Centre for Gender and Disaster won a
GCRF £4.7 million network proposal, ‘Gender
Responsive Resilience and Intersectionality in
Policy and Practice’, led by Professor Maureen
Fordham and Dr Punam Yadav.

This year has seen some important developments,
including the launch of the IRDR Centre for Digital
Public Health in Emergencies, led by Professor Patty
Kostkova. The Centre links existing work andcollaborations in global health with the Institute’s
expertise in emergency and crisis planning andmanagement in the new digital age of big data.

• Dr Gianluca Pescaroli won a STFC Impact
Accelerator award, with Professor Lucie Green(MSSL, Co-I) on ‘Increasing the Resilience to
Global Navigation Satellite System (GNSS)
failures in London’. Dr Pescaroli also won a British
Academy/Leverhulme small research grant(£10,000) and a United Nations International
Strategy for Disaster Reduction Secretariat
consultancy award to develop a decision-making
support tool to stress test risk management
capabilities towards hybrid risks.

The IRDR also developed a new undergraduate
programme, the Global Humanitarian Studies BSc,
which will prepare graduates for employment, training
and research in the humanitarian sector, and provide
transferable skills that will equip them for a wide
range of professional employment outside the field.
Research achievements
In the last year, IRDR researchers have produced
more than 70 peer-reviewed publications, presented
at leading international conferences, been invited to
speak at prestigious academic institutions, organised
international meetings and conferences and havewon distinguished awards and substantial researchfunding.
New research funding awards include:• Dr Laila Kadiwal (UCL Institute of Education) andProfessor Peter Sammonds, won a grant (£7,000)
from UCL’s Grand Challenges programme forCultural Understanding, on 'De-weaponizing
identities and education in armed conflict anddisaster’.
• IRDR PhD student, Mohamed Alwahedi, won the
Inoue Masaru Scholarship (UCL 1863 Japan
Scholarships) (£3,000), which supports UCL
students in the collection of research material andleads to improved Anglo-Japanese understanding.

• Dr Robert Wicks, was awarded funding for himself
and a PDRA by STFC on the UCL consolidated
grant to study space plasma physics. Dr Wicks
was also part of the team involved in ESA mission
proposal success for the ESA Fast Mission Phase
1 call.
• Professor Patty Kostkova, won two EPSRC Impact
Accelerator Awards: £100k for ‘A deployment of
ZIKA: a mobile mosquito surveillance app tocombat zika virus in Brazil’ and a separate awardof £15,000.
• Professor Peter Sammonds and Dr Bayes Ahmed
were awarded £500k by the Royal Society for a
Resilient Futures Challenge-Led Grant entitled‘Resilient Futures for the Rohingya Refugees’.

GADRI Annual Report 2019—148

Prof. Peter Sammonds
Director
E-mail: p.sammonds@ucl.ac.uk

GADRI Annual Report — Europe

Resilient Futures for Rohingya refugees

EventsThe IRDR continues to run an extensive public events
calendar. Highlights this year include the firstanniversary event for the Centre for Gender andDisaster and the 2019 Humanitarian Summit. Led by

the IRDR’s Humanitarian Institute, the summit
discussed gender, disaster risk reduction and conflict;working in challenging environments and conflict zones;
infectious disease outbreaks; and undergraduate
humanitarian teaching.

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Water Engineering and Development Centre (WEDC)
Loughborough University
United Kingdom
https://www.lboro.ac.uk/research/wedc/

Opening of the UK-China Researcher Links Workshop on Hydro-Geohazards and Resilient Urban Growth

During 2019, the Water Engineering andDevelopment Centre (WEDC) of Loughborough
University has led and participated in several
projects funded by UK government on disasterrelated research projects. In these research
projects, the Loughborough University researchers
work in international and multi-disciplinary teams
to build resilience to disasters and achievesustainable development.

••

The NERC funded ‘River basins as 'living
laboratories'forachievingsustainable
development goals across national and subnational scales’ project (February 2019January 2021) Total £400,000 (£130,000 for
Loughborough) [involving Qiuhua Liang, Lee
Bosher, Xilin Xia, Huili Chen and Jiaheng
Zhao]

•

The NERC funded ‘FUTURE-DRAINAGE:
Ensemble climate change rainfall estimates forsustainable drainage’ project (February 2019 –February 2020) Total £280,000 (£138,000 for
Loughborough) [involving Qiuhua Liang and
Xilin Xia]•

The UK Met Office funded ‘Weather andClimate Science for Service Programme:
Building a Flood Impact Model for India’
project (September 2019 – April 2021) Total£585K (£185k for Loughborough) [involving
Xilin Xia and Qiuhua Liang] Total•

The ‘Gender Responsive Resilience andIntersectionality in Policy and Practice(GRRIPP) - Networking Plus Partnering for
Resilience’ (UKRI-GCRF, Total: £4.8mln, led
by Prof Maureen Fordham, UCL)The NERC funded ‘Valuing the benefits ofblue/green infrastructure for flood resilience,natural capital and urban development in
Vietnam’ project (January 2019-July 2021)
Total £500,000 (£185,000 for Loughborough)[involving Lee Bosher, Qiuhua Liang and
Jiaheng Zhao]

Prof. Qiuhua Liang
E-mail: q.liang@lboro.ac.uk

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Inception meeting in Vietnam for the funded ‘Valuing the benefits ofblue/green infrastructure for flood resilience, natural capital and urban
development in Vietnam’ project

WEDC has also received awards, co-organised
several international
meetings and public
engagement events, and co-authored a UN paper
on disaster risk and resilience••

Co-organising a Photography exhibition at the
9th (i-Rec) Conference on ‘Disrupting the statusquo: Reconstruction, recovery and resistingdisaster risk creation, July, University of Florida,
USA (exhibited photos can be seen online here
https://www.flickr.com/photos/leebosher/
albums/72157709051171431 )•Co-organising the UK-China Researcher Links
Workshop on Hydro-Geohazards and Resilient
Urban Growth (September 2019, Xi’An)[involving Tom Dijkstra, Xilin Xia, Graham
Sander and Qiuhua Liang]•

Co-authoring
UNDRR
working
paper,‘Language Matters: Dangers of the ‘Natural
Disaster’ Misnomer.’ for the Global Assessment
Report 2019 on Disaster Risk Reduction,
UNDRR,
Geneva,Switzerland[Ksenia
Chmutina and Lee Bosher with Dr Jason Von
Meding]2019 Emerald Literati Award - Outstanding
Reviewer for Disaster Prevention andManagement: An International Journal•

Launch of the ‘Disasters: Deconstructed’
podcast (co-hosted with Dr Jason von Meding,
University
ofFlorida):https://
disastersdecon.podbean.com/•

Co-organising the iRec 2019 conference‘Disrupting the Status Quo’ (with Dr Jason vonMeding, Dr Emmanuel Raju and Dr Giuseppe
Forrino; University of Florida, June 2019).

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Global Disaster Resilience Centre (GDRC)
University of Huddersfield, United Kingdom
http://www.hud.ac.uk/gdrc

In 2019, academics at the Global Disaster
Resilience Centre, University of Huddersfield, UK
have been successful in receiving key international
grants, awards, esteemed positions and with key
publications:

Winners of the Prestigious 2019 Newton Prize(with Harkunti Rahayu from ITB, Indonesia. We are
the winning team amongst 150+ projects, where
delivery partners were : Royal academy ofengineering, medical research council￼, UKRI,
ESRC, British Council , EPSRC etc. Newton Prizerecognises the best research and innovation
projects which create an impact socially andeconomically, between Indonesia and the United
Kingdom from 2016 to 2019. Newton Prize is
supported by the UK’s Department for Business,
Energy and Industrial Strategy (BEIS), Newton
Fund and Global Challenges Research Fund
(GCRF). Our winning entry was based on our“Mainstreaming Integrated Disaster Risk Reduction
and Climate Change Adaptation into Coastal Urban
Agglomeration Policy” project and our new
proposal which looks into “Developing andharmonising local tsunami early warning”.

•

Localising tsunami early warning systems;
Funded by: QR/GCRF; Value: £ 48,000;
Partners in this initiative include: UNESCO(IOC-UNESCO) ICG/IOTWMS WG 1 on
Tsunami Risk, Community Awareness andPreparedness; ITB, Indonesia; Ministry of
PublicAdministration
andDisasterManagement, Sri Lanka; Disaster Management
Centre, Sri Lanka; National University ofMaldives,
Maldives;
National
DisasterManagement Center (NDMC), and MaldivesMeteorological Services, Maldives; University
of Yangon, Myanmar; National Disaster
Management Agency and the Department ofMeteorology and Hydrology (DMH), Myanmar;
Asian Disaster Preparedness Center, Thailand.

•

Building Resilience in Tropical AgroEcosystems (BRITAE); Value: € 910,000;
Scheme: European Commission Erasmus+
CBHE; Partnership: University of Central
Lancashire, UK;
University of Huddersfield,
UK; Tallinn University of Technology, Estonia;
VGTU, Lithuania; University of Ruhuna(leading), University of Sri Jayewardenepura,
Sabaragamuwa University, University of
Peradeniya, University of Colombo, Universityof Moratuwa from Sri Lanka

Professor Dilanthi Amaratunga was appointed as a
Steering Committee Member of Royal Academyof Engineering with specific input to guidethe Frontiers of Development programme, from
April 2019, which is a programme across the four
UK academies (The Royal Academy ofEngineering,The
AcademyofMedicalSciences, The British Academy and The Royal
Society).

GDRC has been successful with the following
funded project during 2019:•

Developing
andharmonising
local
capacities for tsunami early warning;
Funded by: Newton Prize; Value: £ 200,000;
Partner country: Indonesia

GADRI Annual Report 2019—152

Prof. Dilanthi Amaratunga
HeadE-mail: d.amaratunga@hud.ac.uk

GADRI Annual Report — Europe

Celebrating winning the Newton Prize, At
Great Hall in Westminster, London - with
Richard Haigh and Harkunti Rahayu ! The
Newton Prize is £1 million investment by the
UK Government’s Department for Business,
Energy & Industrial Strategy (BEIS) in thebest science and development partnerships
between the UK rest of the world. Our Prizecelebrates excellent innovation, research andknowledge-sharing demonstrating tangible
impact on global challenges on DRR.
Scientific collaboration needs nurturing. Our
Newton Prize will strengthen partnerships
and will allow the best research to thrive,
improving the quality of life for people living
in Indonesia and beyond.

•Professors Dilanthi Amaratungs andRichard Haigh were invited international
expert,the
UNESCOIOCIntergovernmental Coordination Group for
the Indian Ocean Tsunami Warning and
Mitigation
System(ICG/IOTWMS)
Intersessional Meeting of Task Team on
Tsunami Preparedness for a Near Field
Tsunami Threat (TT-Near Field). July 2019.
One of the core functions of the Task Teamis to Assist Member States (24 of them)threatened by near-field tsunami threat toadapt and integrate their national warning
chains and SOPs, particularly in relation tocommunity
preparedness
forselfevacuation.

GADRI Annual Report 2019—153•

Prof. Dilanthi Amaratunga, Prof. Richard
Haigh & Georgina Clegg ASCENT festival- International Conference on Capacity
Building for Research & Innovation in
Disaster Resilience, 14 – 18 January
2019, Colombo, Sri Lanka. International
conference
with
300+
participants
representing academia, research, policy,
practice and the third sector

GADRI Annual Report — Europe

Disaster and Development Network (DDN)
Northumbria University Newcastle, United
Kingdomhttps://www.northumbria.ac.uk

During the year 2019, Northumbria recruited
several new staff who will expand our activities
in this field. We have further interlinked
disasters facing research across the institution,
most recently formalizing further links withgroups focused in other Faculties working in
the fields of International Development andEnvironmental Justice. This is coalescingaround a University drive to identify
Sustainable Development as an overarching
Multidisciplinary Research Theme. Disasterand Development studies at Northumbria wasformally set up in 2000, as the first academic
programme, centre and network of its typeanywhere, and this year we celebrated thearrival of its 20th anniversary, reflecting on the
many hundreds of post-graduates, staff andaffiliates that are now all around the world
following their time with us, often pioneering
further innovation and impact in this field bothwithin and without academia.
Projects this year included our conclusion ofanother phase of engaging people centred risk
communication initiatives with a UK based
NGO working in East Africa and Bangladesh;getting underway our role as a Co-I institutionof a five year £20 million Global Challenges
Research Fund (GCRF) hub on ‘Multi-hazard
Urban Risk Transitions’ known as “Tomorrows
Cities”; and revisiting an array of our partners
for former projects in Mozambique andZimbabwe. This analysed and rekindled impact
from research projects that had been
instrumental in championing the people centred
approach to DRR, variously through health andwell-being and rights based orientations of thesubject area.

We were honoured to confer on Andrew
Maskrey, the author of successive Global
Assessment Reports, the title of Dr of
Philosophy following his successful publicationof a PhD thesis on “From Exogenous Disasters
to Endogenous Risks”. We are also pleased to
be progressing our roles with new PhD
research studies related to resilience in urban
Zimbabwe, research in Myanmar and on risk
and well-being in high density parts of Nairobi.
We look forward to soon reporting outcomesfrom two ongoing studies on climate change
perception and infectious disease risk within
the UK.

Prof. Andrew Collins
LeaderE-mail: andrew.collins@northumbria.ac.uk

GADRI Annual Report 2019—154

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There have been multiple events including ourorganization and leadership of Dealing with
Disasters-GCRF-UKADR-DRG-UKCDR
international conference on ‘New points ofdeparture in transitioning disaster reduction
and sustainability challenges’, 17th -19th July.
Other events included chairing, sessiondelivery and/or keynotes for: Disasters
Research Group 10th Anniversary Conference,‘New Partnerships for Delivery of the Wider
2030 Agenda’, Welcome Trust, London,
November;
IDRiM
Conference,
Nice,
September; European Society for Risk
Assessment,
Institutefor
Advanced
Sustainability Studies (IASS), Potsdam, June;
GCRF ‘Tomorrow’s Cities’, Hub, Edinburgh,
June; Transcom Conference, High Tatra,
University of Zilina, Slovakia, May; UNDRR
Session leadership of, ‘Science and Policy

GADRI Annual Report 2019—155

Dialogue: the Case for Better Data’, Scienceand Policy Forum, UNISDR STAG, Palais desNations, Geneva; and 4th Global Summit of
Research Institutes for Disaster Risk Reduction– GADRI, Kyoto, 13th – 15th March 2019.
Amongst various outputs released this year isthe following book carried out in collaboration
with the International Peace Research
Association (IPRA).
•

Brauch, H.G., Oswald Spring, U., Collins,
A.E. and Serrano Oswald, S.E. (Eds.)(2019)
ClimateChange,Disasters,
Sustainability Transition and Peace in the
Anthropocene, Springer.

GADRI Annual Report — Europe

Overseas Development Institute, United Kingdom
https://www.odi.org/

ODI’s Risk and Resilience Programme published arange of reports and working papers in 2019,notably:•

Risk informed development, transboundary
climate risk, resilience to low-carbon
development•

Inclusion and intersectional approaches tovulnerability
reductionandresiliencebuilding•

When disasters and conflict collide•

Forecast-based early action
warning system service delivery•

Climate finance•

Financial inclusion and social protection

andlaunch of the new Adaptation Without Borders
Initiative.
ODI convened and spoke at nine high-level sessions
at the Global Platform on Disaster Risk
Reduction. Katie Peters launched ODI’s latest longform feature and accompanying podcasts on
disaster and conflict, Emily Wilkinson moderated
and spoke at a technical session on ‘Unlocking theresilience dividend’, the theme of the Platform, andEmma Lovell organised one of the official side
events and launched her research on intersectional
approaches for reducing resilience and vulnerability.

early

The Risk and Resilience programme have hosted anumber of high-level events, including: a Roundtableon ‘Investing in financial inclusion for climate change
risk and resilience: Exploring the role of Islamic
financial services’; ‘Transboundary Climate Risks’,an event in collaboration with Wilton Park; hosting
Mami Mizutori (Special Representative of theSecretary-General for Disaster Risk Reduction); a
public event on ‘Disasters: impact on child poverty
and development’; a workshop on Regional
Forecast-based Early Action in the OECS; and the
GADRI Annual Report 2019—156

Ms. Emma Lovell
E-mail: e.lovell@odi.org.uk

GADRI Annual Report — Europe

Sara Pantuliano chaired a high-level briefing forheads of delegation from over 25 countries, where
Katie Peters presented insights from the project‘When disasters and conflict collide’ to an audience
including the German State Secretary and the SR for
Disaster Risk Reduction, Ms Mami Mizutori, whoendorsed the research. Emma Lovell also presented
on the panel of a thematic session at the World
Reconstruction Conference 4: Inclusion for
Resilient Recovery on Building back better (BBB) ininfrastructure: making it stronger and accessible toeveryone.
The Risk and Resilience team participated in the
Asia Pacific Climate Week, in which alongside
BRACED partners Asia Disaster Preparedness
Center (ADPC) and the Red Cross Red Crescent
Climate Centre (RCCC), they convened sevensessions, and Emma Lovell spoke at or facilitatedfive events. The team were also involved in the UN
Climate Change Summit held in New York in
September. In particular, BRACED was engaged in
the Global Resilience Partnership’s ‘Building a
Resilient Future’ event and also co-organised an
event with ENDA on ‘Building Resilience in the
Sahel’.

ODI researchers have taken part in several high-levelmeetings in 2019, including the UNFCCC Climate
Change Conference in Bonn, University ofHiroshima’s Sustainability and Peace Dialogue
Forum.
Media highlights•

Rebecca Nadin featured on the BBC World
Service’s Business Daily programme onrebuilding economies and communities after
disasters.

•

Katie Peters launched a long-form feature andaccompanying podcasts on disaster and conflict•

Emma Lovell was interviewed by the World Bankon The Self-Recovery of Communities, and wasincluded in the World Reconstruction Conference
4 Closing video and highlights•

Emma Lovell was interviewed by Voice ofAmerica on the impact of climate change anddisasters on children and youth over theirlifecourse .

•Further and full details of our activities can befound at our website.

GADRI Annual Report 2019—157

GADRI Annual Report — Europe

THINK Lab, The University of Salford
United Kingdom
http://www.salford.ac.uk/thinklab

Prof. Fernando’s keynote highlighted theimportance of ‘Technology Enhanced
Adaptive
Governanceto
SupportEquitable Resilience.’

TRANSCEND Project Launch.
‘Technology
Collaboration
Sensitive
Development’

The University of Salford’s THINKlab donate
their MOBILISE digital platform to partners.
In November 2019, after intensive R&D, the
THINKlab released the first interactive digitalplatform to disaster management centres inColombo, Sri Lanka and Peshawar, Pakistan. The
donation included the MOBILISE digital platform
which runs on a state-of-the-art multi-touch screen
driven by a high-performance computer. Agencies
have the choice to use a web-based interface or a
3D virtual reality interface to develop their risk
reduction and disaster response strategies. The
software combines seven main data categories(including built and natural environment, social
information, land characteristics, hazards, real-timeand remote sensory data) which segment a further
60 data layers and attributes.

Prof. Fernando presents keynote at Sri Lanka’sprestigious NBRO Annual Research Symposium.

Enhanced
Stakeholder
forSupporting
RiskSustainable
Urban

The TRANSCEND project was officiallylaunched at the at Columbo’s Mount
Lavinia Hotel. Funded by the UKRI (ESRC
and Global Challenges Research Fund, the partners
planned the strategy which will investigate the sociotechnical systems required for enabling a transition
towards a more risk-sensitive and transformative
urban development approach in Sri Lanka, Pakistan
and Malaysia.

The project aims to promote a participatory
approach that supports the transparent anddemocratic involvement of all the relevant
stakeholders (including local authorities, disastermanagement authorities, developers, poor andvulnerable
communities,
andhumanitarianorganisations) in analysing, forecasting, visualisingand debating disaster-risk trade-offs, and inchoosing
development
plans
that
ensuresustainability and equitable resilience, giving
consideration to climate change adaptation.

Prof. Fernando was invited by Sri Lanka’s National
Building Research Organisation (NBRO) to make akeynote speech at their 10th Annual Research
Symposium on Equitable Resilience. The two-day
event took place at Colombo’s Hotel Galadari andwas attended by more than 400 delegates. Seniordignitaries
included
Major
General
Kamal
Gunaratne, Secretary to the Ministry of Defence andTrine Jøranli Eskedal, the Ambassador for the Royal
Norwegian Embassy.

GADRI Annual Report 2019—158

Prof. Terrence Fernando
Director
E-mail: T.Fernando@slaford.ac.uk

GADRI Annual Report — Africa

AfricaAlgeria

Faculty of Civil Engineering, Built Environment Research Laboratory (LBE), University of
Science & Technology Houari Boumediene (USTHB)

Egypt

Faculty of Engineering, Alexandria University

Egypt

Geology Department, Faculty of Science, Assiut University

Egypt

German University in Cairo (GUC)

Egypt

Water Resources Research Institute (WRRI), National Water Research Center（NWRC),
Ministry of Water Resources and Irrigation

Ghana

University for Development Studies (UDS)

Ghana

Department of Geography & Resource Development, University of Ghana

Ghana

Hydrology and Water Resource Engineering,
Water Research Institute, Council for Scientific and Industrial Research (CSIR)

MoroccoFaculty of Sciences and Technics of Mohammedia, University of Hassan II of Casablanca

South Africa

Disaster Management Training and Education Centre for Africa (DiMTEC), University of theFree State

Sudan
Zimbabwe

UNESCO Chair in Water Resources
Geography Department, Bindura University of Science Education
African Alliance of Disaster Research Institutes (AADRI)GADRI Annual Report 2019—159

GADRI Annual Report — Africa

University for Development Studies (UDS)

Ghana
http://www.uds.edu.gh

Research
Theme
1:
Biodiversity, Ecosystems andAgro ecological Systems

The University for Development Studies(UDS)-Kazuhiko Takeuchi Centre for
Sustainability and Resilience continued with
dissemination engagements with various
stakeholders on strategies for enhancing
resilience against climate and ecosystemchanges in Africa through workshops andpeer review journal article publications:••

In collaboration with University of
Utrecht,
Netherlands,
wehavecompleted arrangements for student
exchange between the Ghanaian andDutch side of exchange of knowledge
and research ideas. Three students are
expected in Ghana shortly to work withMasters and PhD students in the
DepartmentofEcotourism
andEnvironmental Management (DEEM)
student projects in DRR and Climate
and Trans mobilities research.
The Centre has placed a call forstudent’s research projects in flood
mitigation projects in arid and semi-arid
landscapes where trans-boundary dams
over flow to cause flooding upstream.
Best plausible proposals will beassessed and awarded with a cash
prize for piloting of the idea/approach in
DRR. The idea is expected to be
rigorously tested for possible upscaling.

Undertaking research within
the larger context of theIntergovernmental
SciencePolicy Platform on Biodiversity
andEcosystem
Services(IPBES) framework at the
local level by deepening theunderstanding of biodiversity
and ecosystem service interlinkages especially throughlocal knowledge. Addressing
the disruptive changes inagricultural
systemsbyfocusing on the understanding of drivers of change,
impact assessments, adaptation management and value
chain management.
Research Theme 2: Water Systems Management andDisaster Risk Reduction
Focusing on research geared towards the holistic
understanding of climate risks and adaptation planning.
Water-Energy-Food Nexus: Addressing the complexities,
material flows, inter-linkages, synergies and trade-offs
among water, energy and food sectors in both rural andurban areas of Africa.
Seeking funding support for research into coping
measures for annual flooding of the Volta River Basin forrecommendation to Government of Ghana and local
communities.
Research Theme 3: Capacity Development and Policy
Research
Undertake policy driven research on Sustainable
Development Goals and capacity development (i.e.
through trainings and short courses) tailored to thehuman resource needs of the African continent. Thisthematic group is also working on a postgraduate
program in Disaster Risks Reduction(DRR)

Dr. Godfred Jasaw
Director
Email: gjasaw@uds.edu.gh

GADRI Annual Report 2019—160

GADRI Annual Report — Africa

Faculty of Sciences and Technics ofMohamadia, University of Hassan IIof Casablanca, Morocco
https://www.fstm.ac.ma/

Highlights of 2019:•
Prof. Dalila Loudyi was elected as a Council
member for MENA/India subcontinent Region at
the International Association of Hydroenvironment engineering and Research (IAHR), •2019-2021.

Participative water management contracts
in Morocco for scarcity alleviation: thegroundwater contract model, D. Loudyi, A.
El Haddari & A. Fekri, Hydrolink n°3, 2019
Work on editing a Special Issue on the 4thInternational Symposium on Flash Floods
2018 in the Urban Water Journal.

2- Articles publication:•

Modelling of rainwater urban drainage
network at local scale: Case study of Sidi
Bernoussi district-Casablanca, Morocco, L.
Ennajem, D. Loudyi, The International
Journal Of Climate Change: Impacts And
Responses, 2019, (accepted).

•

Downscaling climate projections andhydrologic responses for regional water
resources assessment: case of the Oum Er
Rbia river basin, Morocco, International
Journal of Engineering Research andApplications, ISSN : 2248-9622 Vol. 9,
Issue 7 (Series -I) July 2019, pp 49-58.

Prof. Dalila Loudyi
Email: Loudyi.d@gmail.com

GADRI Annual Report 2019—161

GADRI Annual Report — Africa

Africa Alliance for Disaster Risk Institutions (AADRI),
Bindura University, Zimbabwe
https://www.aadri.org.zw/
Representation as President of AADRI (Prof.
Manatsa in the middle) at the 4th Global Summitof Research Institutes for DRR organized by
GADRI at Kyoto University, Japan in March 2019

The Africa Alliance for Disaster Risk Institutes
is a regional alliance of Disaster related
institutions from across Africa. It is a memberof GADRI. The following are the activities andprojects related to AADRI during the reporting
period:• After the most devastating tropical cyclone
over southern Africa, Tropical Cyclone Idai
in March 2019, AADRI is now coordinating
the regional research in building regional
resilience to Tropical Cyclones. Five
regional universities and local NGOs are
participating in the research.
• AADRI is participating in the revisiting the
Zimbabwe Agro-Ecological Zones whose
traditional boundaries have been shifted byclimate change.

Participatory Community Flood Mapping
Exercise coordinated by AADRI in
Muzarabani in Zimbabwe• GADRI facilitated the attendance to the2019 International Training Workshop for
Natural Disaster Reduction from the 25th tothe 27th June 2019 held in Taiwan for Dr.
Lucy Sakala, an AADRI member.
• Prof Desmond Manatsa attended to the 4th
Global Summit of Research Institutes for
DRR that was organized by GADRI at
Kyoto University in Japan from the 12th tothe 15th of March 2019.

Prof. Desmond Manatsa
Email: dmanatsa@gmail.com

GADRI Annual Report 2019—162

GADRI Annual Report — Africa

Disaster Report on Tropical Cyclone Idai : Lessons learned and the way
forward for Africa Alliance for Disaster Research Institutions (AADRI)

By Prof. Desmond Manatsa
Chair, AADRI; and Dean of the Faculty of Science and Engineering
Bindura University of Science

The once thriving Kopa Business Centre that was completely destroyed by Cyclone Idai
Several months have passed since Tropical Cyclone
Idai hit Zimbabwe and leaving behind a trail ofdestruction and casualties unprecedented of any
natural disaster in Zimbabwe or even in southern
Africa’s modern history. The number of those deadand the devastation it inflicted on property and theenvironment was far more than what the cyclone
caused in Mozambique where it made landfall when it
still retained much higher destructive power from theIndian Ocean. Then what could be the reason that
exposed our nation to such a precarious state to this
cyclone? Media and various platforms proposed many
theories, stories have been told both of natural andsupernatural nature to try to explain the possible
causes which led to this catastrophe. The human’s
most sharpened talent of apportioning blame whilst
proffering little or no solution was also not spared.
However, what is important to the people of
Chimanimani and Zimbabwe at large is to remove thefear that this calamity might happen again in future.
The most essential undertaking at this juncture is tosystematically extract lessons from the cyclone’s
impacts that can catapult us to a state where we canlive in harmony with this natural hazard while
harnessing the ‘positives’ and reducing the associatedrisks. Though not exhaustive, here we examine thelessons which could be derived from Cyclone Idai’s
extraordinary impact before examining the way
forward from a national action research perspective
under the banner of the Africa Alliance for Disaster
Research Institutions (AADRI).

Physical Vulnerabilities associated with Tropical
Cyclone Idai
The tropical cyclone made landfall over the
Mozambique coast, more than 200km away from theeastern border with Zimbabwe, on the 14th of March
2019, before slowly moving to hit Chimanimani at
about 7:00 pm the following day on Friday. As
expected with tropical cyclones when they make landfall, their potential destructive force in terms windspeed and amount of deposited rainfall is severely
curtailed as it moves inland due to decrease in ‘fuelinput to the cyclone engine’. The enhancedsmoothness and evaporation from the sea surface
waters offer conducive environment for the cyclone toincrease in strength while the land surface friction andreduced surface evaporation from the relatively dry
land tend to suffocate the cyclone thereby killing it
gradually. But despite more lead time to prepare forthe cyclone and reduced force of potential damage
we still see that Mozambique had far less casualties,
environmental and infrastructure destruction thanZimbabwe. The possible factors which can be
attributed to this rather unfortunate scenario is thelevel of disaster preparedness of Zimbabwe, thefragile environment that was offered by the
predominant mountainous landscape and therelatively slow speed of the cyclone which enabled it
to damp a lot of rainfall per unit time. This could havebeen compounded by the time when the disaster
came, which was in the dark of the night hence
reducing visibility to assess evacuation options for thevictims and, severely limited the search and rescue
processes.

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GADRI Annual Report — Africa

The general Preparedness and the issuing of
the Tropical Cyclone Warning
The number of people affected by a hazard are in
direct proportion to the preparedness of thecommunity to the impending disaster. If I may
quote from one of the victims, “No one knows
where this water came from, it took us by surprise”,
clearly testifies to the fact that most of thecommunities affected had not been fore warned
about
the
impendingfloods. Whilethe
Meteorological Services can be applauded forhaving given the warning a least 2 days before thecyclone, can we learn something from how theforecast was issued. My few lessons on disasterwarnings which I had some decades back tells methat when one is more confident of an impending
disaster, the frequency of the warnings should not
only be increased with time but also updated to suitthe changing circumstances as the hazard
characteristics unfold. We are told that that the Met
Office stuck to their 8:00 pm News slot todisseminate the warning instead of soliciting for
more slots both on the TV and radio to conscientize
the people of the impending disaster. At the sametime, the TV and radio could also have allowed
unscheduled warnings to be flighted. Unless the
Met Forecasters themselves were not sure of themagnitude of the expected cyclone impact, I am
confident that the more they had exposed thepeople to the warnings by increasing the issuingfrequency and updates, the more they were going
to be taken more seriously by the related
stakeholders responsible for evacuating thecommunities who were at risk. On the other hand,even if a warning is issued timeously and, with therequired frequency and mode of dissemination
which reaches down to the communities, thesepeople also need to know what to do when awarning has been issued. Their prior coordinatedresponse is key to ensure predictable community
behavior when the hazard strikes. It is a welcome
development that Chimanimani Rural District
Council is one of the few districts in the country tohave adopted the District Climate Change andWatershed Management Policy. But were the local
communities trained on what to do when flood
warnings are issued? At the same time, evacuationneeds resources both to carry out the process andproviding safe havens, endowed with food andother necessities. Were these readily available toexecute the process? We understand that thecontents of the tropical cyclone warning itself
advised people to move to high ground. Was thisthe correct advice to give to Chimanimani in theface of rock and mudslides which made these highplaces riskier, especially that the disaster struck atnight when most people were indoors andpreparing to sleep? These are some of the
preparedness questions we need to ask ourselves
as we take introspect of the lessons derived fromthe Tropical Cyclone Idai preparedness andwarning.
Fragility and Vulnerability of Settlements in the
Mountainous Environment of Chimanimani.
Tropical Cyclone Idai brought to the fore the highdegree of exposure of settlements and how fragile
the mountainous environments are. The cyclone
came after the region has been exposed to a
prolonged drought which removed the capacity ofthe vegetation left to hold the soil intact. The
accelerated land degradation and frequent fires
which characterize periods of drought removed
vegetation and hence limited root depths, thereby
increasing the landslide hazard. It was then easy
for the loose waterlogged soil to flow downslope
and with it, imbedded rocks which then chocked thenormal flow of the water thereby exacerbating theflooding spatial extent and intensity. As such, theblocked rivers reopened old paths which had forthe past decades been converted to settlements. A
case in point is the Kopa Business Center which
was raised to the ground and leaving behind little
or no shred of evidence that buildings, with thriving
businesses, were once predominant in the area as
the river repossessed its former route. This meansthat old river paths remain unsafe for settlements
as at some point in time the river may still
rejuvenate its former paths. Therefore, carefulplanning for resettlement sites needs to take into
consideration the possibility of changing rivercourse characteristics.
On the other hand, theprevailing superstitions surrounding the presenceof the large rock boulders which were left in theriver channels by the flowing mud from themountain slopes owes a scientific explanation. It
was the large and uneven multi-tone rocks whichwere hitting against the slope surfaces as they
were rolling downslope which were wronglyinterpreted as an earthquake that accompanied thetropical cyclone. This was corroborated by theMeteorological Services which confirmed notrecording any seismic activity in the area during thecyclone. Explaining this phenomenon to theaffected communities assists in focusing on the realcauses whilst getting rid of superstitious beliefs
which usually lead to wrong attribution to thecauses of the disaster. Dwelling on superstitious
beliefs has the danger of diverting
thecommunity’s attention to
immaterial answers
rather than providing
implementablescientificallybackedsolutions.

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Large boulders and mud that was carried downslope and destroying houses in their path during
Cyclone Idai.

The way Forward under AADRI
With the advent of climate change, tropical
cyclones are not going ‘anywhere’, rather they arepoised to become more frequent and accompanied
by increased intensity. In this regard, it is invertiblethat we find ways to live with them whilst preventing
the metamorphosis process from being just a mere
meteorologicalhazardtobecominganunmanageable national disaster. This is ‘doable’ as
Islands like Mauritius that lie in the path of more
intense tropical cyclones and are hit directly morethan once in every cyclone season, are now
nearing the zero target casualty. At the same time,
it is more than welcome that the general shockfrom the devastating impacts of Tropical Cyclone
Idai have once again united the nation throughunprecedented donations towards the victims’
recovery. It has also spontaneously given birth to astrong desire from national disaster research
institutions, to learn from this disaster in the bid tounderstand why this phenomenon happened withsuch dire consequences.
In research terms, Chimanimani provides a
conducive operational background and a welldefined geographical area, which could provide forfeasible action orientated research that could
inform policy and action in other areas within
Zimbabwe and beyond. The fact that the region
has all the five Agroecological Regions of thecountry makes the results derived from theresearch to be relevantly replicated in any otherpart of the country. In this regard, Bindura
University of Science Education under AADRI with
its vast experience in disaster risk reduction
research is coordinating a consortium of other state
universities to properly document, in a scientificallyinformed way, the lessons learnt from tropical
Cyclone Idai. This national action orientatedresearch, which is yet to source for funding, ispoised to pave way for a future situation that would
allow the communities within Zimbabwe to bebetter prepared and become more resilient in theface of potentially recurring Climate Change related
events such as Cyclone Idai. The strategy is to ride
upon the shock that is currently vividly present
within Zimbabwe and beyond to bring sustainable
policy initiatives and practices in view of various
interests that could provide for learning anddedicated action in Chimanimani and othernationally comparable situations. The objective of
the research is to ‘Build National Resilience toTropical Cyclones through deriving lesson from
Tropical Cyclone Idai’. Preliminary work to enable
scouting for solid funding for this noble action
research was conducted at a workshop in Hararethat was facilitated by TSURO Trust, a communitybased NGO in Chimanimani that was actively
involved in Cyclone Idai relief and recovery.

GADRI Annual Report 2019—165

Geographical Distribution of

GADRI Annual Report 2019—166

Members of GADRI as of 31 December 2019

GADRI Annual Report 2019—167

GADRI Secretariat, Disaster Prevention Research Institute (DPRI), Kyoto University

GADRI SECRETARIAT

Disaster Prevention Research Institute (DPRI)
Gokasho, Uji-shi, Kyoto 611-0011, Japan
Tel: +81-774-38-4651
E-mail: secretariat-gadri@dpri.kyoto-u.ac.jp
Website: http://gadri.net/

GADRI Annual Report 2019—168